GV 1011 .F57 Copy 1 Spalding's /\thletic Library Anticipating the present ten- dency of the American people toward a healthful method of living and enjoyment, Spalding's Athletic Library was established in 1892 for the purpose of encouraging ath- letics in every form, not only by publishing the official rules and records pertaining to the various pastimes, but also by instructing, until to-day Spalding's Athletic Library is unique in its own par- ticular field and has been conceded the greatest educational series on athletic and physical training sub- jects that has ever been compiled. The publication of a distinct series of books devoted to athletic sports and pastimes and designed to occupy the premier place in America in its class was an early idea of Mr. A. G. Spalding, who wag one of the first in America to publish a handbook devoted to athletic sports, Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide being the initial number, which was followed at intervals with other handbooks on the sports prominent in the '70s. Spalding's Athletic Library has had the advice and counsel of Mr. A. G. Spalding in all of its undertakings, and particularly in all books devoted to the national game. This applies especially to Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide and Spalding's Official Base Ball Record, both of which receive the personal attention of Mr. A. G. Spalding, owing to his early connection with the game as the leading pitcher of the champion Boston and Chicago teams of 1872-76. His interest does not stop, however, with matters pertaining to base ball; there is not a sport that Mr. Spalding does not make it his business to become familiar with, and that the Library will always maintain its premier place, with Mr. Spalding's able counsel at hand, goes without saying. The entire series since the issue of the first number has been under the direct personal supervision of Mr. James E. Sullivan, President of the American Sports Publishing Company, and the total series of consecutive numbers reach an aggregate of considerably over three hundred, included in which are many "annuals," that really constitute the history of their particular sport in America year by year, back copies of which are even now eagerly sought for, constituting as they do the really first authentic records of events and official rules that have ever been consecutively compiled. When Spalding's Athletic Library was founded, seventeen years ago, track and field athletics were practically unknown outside the larger colleges and a few athletic clubs in the leading cities, which gave occa- sional meets, when an entry list of 250 competitors was a subject of com- ment; golf was known only by a comparatively few persons; lawn tennis had some vogue and base ball was practically the only established field A. G. Spalding EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY sport, and that in a professional way; basket ball had just been invented; athletics for the schoolboy — and schoolgirl— were almost unknown, and an advocate of class contests in athletics in the schools could not get a hearing. To-day we find the greatest body of athletes in the world is the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, which has had an entry list at its annual games of over two thousand, and in whose "elementary series" in base ball last year 106 gohools competed for the trophy emblematic of the championship. While Spalding's Athletic Library cannot claim that the rapid growth of athletics in this country is due to it solely, the fact cannot be denied that the books have had a great deal to do with its encouragement, by printing the official rules and instructions for playing the various games at a nominal price, within the reach of everyone, with the sole object that its series might be complete and the one place where a person could look with absolute certainty for the particular book in which he might be interested. In selecting the editors and writers for the various books, the lead- ing authority in his particular line has been obtained, with the result that no collection of books on athletic subjects can compare with Spalding's Athletic Library for the prominence of the various authors and their ability to present their subjects in a thorough and practical manner. A short sketch of a few of those who have edited some of the lead- ing numbers of Spalding's Athletic Library is given herewith : JAMES E. SULLIVAN President American Sports Publishing Com- pany; entered the publishing house of Frank Leslie in 1878, and has been connected continu- ously with the publishing business since then and also as athletic editor of various New York papers; was a competing athlete; one of the organizers of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States; has been actively on its board of governors since its organization until the present time, and President for two suc- cessive terms; has attended every champion- ship meeting in America since 1879 and has officiated in some capacity in connection with American amateur championships track and field games for nearly twenty-five years; assistant American director Olympic Games, Piris, 1930; director Pan-American Exposition athletic department, 1901; chief department physical culture Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, 1904; secretary American Committee Olympic Games, at Athens, 19[)3; honorary director of Athletics at Jamestown Exposition, 1907; secre- tary American Committee Olympic Games, at London, 1908; member of the Pastime A. C, New York; honorary member Missouri A. C, St. Louis; honorary member Olympic A. C, San Francisco; ex-president Pastime A. C, New Jersey A. C, Knickerbocker A. C; president Metropolitan Association of the A. A. U. for fifteen years; president Outdoor Recrea- tion League; with Dr. Luther H. Gulick organized the Public Schools Athletic League of New York, and is now chairman of its games commit- tee and member executive committee; was a pioneer in playground work and one of the organizers of the Outdoor Recreation League of New York ; appointed by President Roosevelt as special commissioner to the Olympic Games at Athens, 1906, and decorated by King George I. of the Hellenes (Greece) for his services in connection with the Olympic Games; ap- pointed special commissioner by President Roosevelt to the Olympic Games at London, 1908; appointed by Mayor McClellan, 1908, as member of the Board of Education of Greater New York. EDITORS OF S PALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY WALTER CAMP For quarter of a century Mr. Walter Camp of Yale has occupied a leading- position in col- lege athletics. It is immaterial what organiza- tion is suggested for college athletics, or for the betterment of conditions, insofar as college athletics is concerned, Mr. Camp has always played an important part in its conferences, and the great interest in and high plane of college sport to-day. are undoubtedly due more to Mr. Camp than to any other individual. Mr. Camp nas probably written more on college athletics than any other ^yriter and the leading papers and maga- zinestof America are always anxious to secure his expert opinion on foot ball, track and field athletics, base ball and rowing. Mr. Camp has grown up with Yale athletics and is a part of Yale's remarkable athletic system. While he has been designated as the "Father of Foot Ball," it is a well known fact that during his college career Mr. Camp was regarded as one of the best players that ever represented Yale on the base ball field, so when we hear of Walter Camp as a foot ball expert we must also remem- ber his remarkable knowledge of the game of base ball, of which he is a great admirer. Mr. Camp has edited Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide since it was first published, and also the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to Play Foot Ball. There is certainly no man in American college life better qualified to write for Spalding's Athletic Library than Mr. Camp. DR. LUTHER HALSEY GULICK The leading exponent of physical training in America; one who has worked hard to im- press the value of physical training in the schools; when physical training was combined with education at the St. Louis Exposition in 1904 Dr. Gulick played an important part in that congress; he received several awards for his good work and had many honors conferred upon him; he is the author of a great many books on the subject; it was Dr. Gulick, who, acting on the suggestion of James E. Sullivan, organized the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, and was its first Secretary; Dr. Gulick was also for several years Director of Physical Training in the public schools of Greater New York, resigning the position to assume the Presidency of the Playground Association of America. Dr. Gulick is an authority on all subjects pertaining to phys- ical trainingf and the study of the child. JOHN B. FOSTER Successor to the late Henry Chadwick ("Father of Base Ball") as editor of Spald- ing's Official Base Ball Guide; sporting editor of the New York Evening Telegram; has been in the newspaper business for many years and is recognized throughout America as a leading writer on the national game; a staunch supporter of organized base ball, his pen has always been used for the better- ment of the game. EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY TIM MURNANE Base Ball editor of the Boston Globe and F*-esident of the New England League of L.ise Ball Clubs; one of the best known base ball men of the country; known from coast to coast; is a keen follower of the game and prominent in all its councils; nearly half a century ago was one of America's foremost players: knows the game thoroughly and writes from tlie point of view both of player and an official. HARRY PHILIP BURCHELL Sporting editor of the New York Times; graduate of the University of Pennsylvania; editor of Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual; is an authority on the game; follows the movements of the players minutely and understands not only tennis but all other sub- jects that can be classed as athletics; no one is better quahfied to edit this book than Mr. Burchell. GEORGE T. HEPBRON Former Young Men's Christian Association director; for many years an official of the Athletic League of Young Men's Christian Associations of North America ; was con- nected with Dr. Luther H. Gulick in Young Men's Christian Association work for over twelve years; became identified with basket ball when it was in its infancy and has fol- lowed it since, being recognized as the lead- ing exponent of the official rules; succeeded Dr. Gulick as editor of the Official Basket Ball Guide and also editor of the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to Play Basket Ball. C^ JAMES S. MITCHEL Former champion weight thrower; holder of numerous records, and is the winner of more championships than any other individual in the history of sport ; Mr. Mitchel is a close student of athletics and well qualified to write upon any topic connected with athletic sport ; has been for years on the staff of the New York Sun. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY MICHAEL C. MURPHY The world's most famous athletic trainer; the champion athletes that he has developed for track and field sports, foot ball and base ball fields, would run into thousands; he became famous when at Yale University and has been particularly successful in developing what might be termed championship teams; his rare good judgment has placed him in an enviable position in the athletic world; now with the University of Pennsylvania ; dur- ing his career has trained only at two col- leges and one athletic club, Yale and the University of Pennsylvania and Detroit Athletic Club; his most recent triumph was that of training the famous American team of athletes that swept the field at the Olympic Games of 1908 at London. DR. C. WARD CRAMPTON Succeeded Dr. Gulick as director of physical training in the schools of Greater New York : as secretary of the Public Schools Athletic League is at the head of the, most remarkable organization of its kind in the world; is a practical athlete and gymnast himself, and has been for years connected with the physi- cal training system in the schools of Greater New York, having had charge of the High School of Commerce. DR. GEORGE J. FISHER Has been connected with Y. M. C. A. work for many years as physical director at Cincin- nati and Brooklyn, where he made such a high reputation as organizer that he was chosen to succeed Dr. Luther H. Gulick as Secretary of the Athletic League of Y. M. C. A.'s of North America, when the latter resigned to take charge of the physical training in the Public Schools of Greater New York. DR. GEORGE ORTON On athletics, college athletics, particularly track and field, foot ball, soccer foot ball, and training of the youth, it would be hard to find one better qualified than Dr. Orton; has had the necessary athletic experience and the ability to impart that experience intelligently to the youth of the land; for years was the American, British and Canadian champion runner. EDITORS OF SPALDING* S ATHLETIC LIBRARY FREDERICK R. TOOMBS A well known authority on skating, rowing, boxing, racquets, and other athletic sports; was sporting editor of American Press Asso- ciation, New York; dramatic editor; is a law- yer and has served several terms as a member of Assembly of the Legislature of the State of New York; has written several novels and historical works. R. L. WELCH A resident of Chicago; the popularity of indoor base ball is chiefly due to his efforts; a player himself of no mean ability; a first- class organizer; he has followed the game of indoor base ball from its inception. DR. HENRY S. ANDERSON Has been connected with Yale University for years and is a recognized authority on gymnastics; is admitted to be one of the lead- ing authorities in America on gymnastic sub- jects; is the author of many books on physical training. CHARLES M. DANIELS Just the man to write an authoritative book on swimming; the fastest swimmer the world has ever known; member New York Athletic Club swimming team and an Olym- pic champion at Athens in 1906 and London, 1908. In his book on Swimming, Champion Daniels describes just the methods one must use to become an expert swimmer. GUSTAVE BOJUS Mr. Bojus is most thoroughly qualified to write intelligently on all subjects pertaining to gymnastics and athletics; in his day one of America's most famous amateur athletes; has competed successfully in gymnastics and many other sports for the New York Turn Verein; for twenty years he has been prom- inent in teaching gymnastics and athletics; was responsible for the famous gymnastic championship teams of Columbia University; now with the Jersey City high schools. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY CHARLES JACOBUS Admitted to be the "Father of Roque;" one of America's most expert players, win- ning the Olympic Championship at St. Louis in 1904; an ardent supporter of the game and follows it minutely, and much of the success of roque is due to his untiring efforts; certainly there is no one better qualified to write on this subject than Mr. Jacobus. DR. E. B. WARMAN Well known as a physical training expert; was probably one of the first to enter the field and is the author of many books on the sub- ject; lectures extensively each year all over the country. W. J. CROMIE Now with the University of Pennsylvania; was formerly a Y. M. C. A. physical director; a keen student of all gymnastic matters: the author of many books on subjects pertaining to physical training. G. M. MARTIN By profession a physical director of the Young Men's Christian Association; a close student of all things gymnastic, and games for the classes in the gymnasium or clubs. PROF. SENAC A leader in the fencing world; has main- tained a fencing school in New Yorh for years and developed a great many cham- pions ; understands the science of fencing thoroughly and the benefits to be derived therefrom. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY a D Giving the Titles of all Spalding Athletic Library Books now J in print, grouped for ready reference c SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS No. I Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide No. lA Spalding's Official Base Ball Record No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide No. 2A Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Bali Guide No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide No. 7A Spalding's Official Women's Basket Ball Guidt No. 8 Spalding's Official Lacrosse Guide No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide No. 10 Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide No. 12 Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac No. I2A Spalding's Official Athletic Rules €roup I. Base Ball No.l Spalding* sOfficial BaseBall Guide No. lA Official Base Ball Record. How to Play Base Ball. How to Bat. How to Run Bases. How to Pitch. How to Catch. How to Play First Base. How to Play Second Base. How to Play Third Base. How to Play Shortstop. How to Play the Outfield. How to Organize a Base Ball League. [Club. How to Organize a Base Ball How to Manage a Base Ball Club. How toTrain aBaseBallTeam How to Captain a Base Ball HowtoUmpii-eaGa.ne. [Team Technical Base Ball Terms. Ready Reckoner of Base Ball Percentages. BASE BALL AUXILIARIES No. 336 Minor League Base Ball Guide No. 338 Official Book National League of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. No. 340 Official Handbook National Playground Ball Assn. Group II. Foot Ball No.2 Spalding' sOfficial Foot Ball Guide No. 334 Code of the Foot Ball Rules. How to Play Foot Ball. Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide. How to Play Soccer. English Rugby. No. 202 No. 223 No. 232 No. 230 No. 229 No. 225 No. 226 No. 227 No. 228 No. 224 No. 231. No. 219 No. 324 No. 2a No. 286 No. 335 FOOT BALL AUXILIARY No. 332 Spalding's Official Canadian Group III. ^°°*^ ^^" ^"^^^- CrIcKct No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide. No. 277 Cricket and How to Play It. Group IV. Lawn Tennis No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Ten- nis Annual. No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawn Group V. ^°""^^- Golf No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide No. 276 How to Play Golf . Group VI. Hochey No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide. No. 304 How to Play Ice Hockey. No. 154 Field Hockey. (Lawn Hockey. No. 188 < Parlor Hockey. (Garden Hockey. No. 180 Ring Hockey. HOCKEY AUXILIARY No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario Hockey Association. Group VII. Basket Bail No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide. No. 7a Spalding's Official Women's Basket Ball Guide. No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. BASKET BALL AUXILIARY No. 323 Official Collegiate Basket Ball Handbook. ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Group Vill. lacrosse No. 8 Spalding's Official Lacrosse Guide. No. 201 How to Play Lacrosse. Group IX. indoor Base Ball No. 9 Spalditig's Official Indoor Base Ball Gicide. Groap X. Polo No. 10 Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide. No. 129 Water Polo. No. 199 Equestrian Polo. Croup XI. Miscellaneous Games No. 248 Archery. No. 138 Croquet. No, 271 Roque. f Racquets. No. 194 < Squash- Racquets. (Court Tennis. No. 13 Hand Ball. No. 167 Quoits, No. 170 Push Ball. No, 14 Curling. No. 207 Lav/n Bowls. No. 188 Lawn Games. No, 189 Children's Games. No. 341 How to Bowl. Group XII. Alhlelics No. 12 Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac. No, 12a Spalding's Official Athletic Rules- No. 27 College Athletics. No. 182 All Around Athletics. No. 156 Athletes' Guide. No. 87 Athletic Primer. No. 273 Olympic Game satAthens, 190^5 No. 252 How to Sprint. No, 255 How to Run 100 Yards. No. 174 Distance and Cross Country Running. [Thrower, No, 259 How to Become a Weight No, 55 Official Sporting Rules, [boys. No. 246 Athletic Training for School- No. 317 Marathon Running, No, 331 Schoolyard Athletics, ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES No. 339 Intercollegiate Official Hand- book. Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook, Public Schools Athletic League Official Handbook, No, 314 Public Schools Athletic League Official Handbook — Girls' Branch, Official Handbook New York Interscholastic Athletic Association. No, 302 No. 313 No. 308 Group XIII. Amietlc Accomplishments No. 177 How to Swim. No. 296 Speed Swimming, No, 128 How to Row. No. 209 How to Become a Skater. No. 178 How to Train for Bicycling. No. 23 Canoeing. No. 282 Roller Skating Guide. Group XIV. No. 18 No. 162 No. 165 No. 140 No, 236 No. 102 No, 233 No. 166 No. 200 No. 143 No. 262 No. 29 No, 191 No. 289 No. 326 No. 214 No. 254 No. 158 No. 124 No. 287 No, 327 No, 328 No, 329 Manly sport; ( By Breck.) Fencing. Boxing. Fencing. (BySenac) Wrestling. How to Wrestle. Ground Tumbling. Jiu Jitsu. How to Swing Indian Cluba. Dumb Bell Exercises. Indian Clubs and Dumb Bells. Medicine Ball Exercises. Pulley Weight Exercises. How to Punch the Bag. Tumbling for Amateurs. Professional Wrestling, Group XV. Gymnastics No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- cises. [Dumb Bell Drills. Graded Calisthenics and Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. Indoor and Outdoor Gym- nastic Games. How to Become a Gymnast. Fancy Dumb Bell and March- ing Drills. [Apparatus. Pyramid Building Without Exercises on the Parallel Bars. Pyramid Building with Wands, Chairs and Ladders GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY No. 333 Official Handbook I. C. A. A. Gymnasts of America. Group XVI. Physical culture No. 161 Ten Minutes' Exercise for Busy Men. [giene. No. 208 Physical Education and Hy- No. 149 Scientific Physical Training and Care of the Body. No. 142 Physical Training Simplified. No, 185 Hints on Health. No. 213 285 Health Answers. No, 238 Muscle Building. [ning. No, 234 School Tactics and Maze Run- No, 261 Tensing Exercises, [nasties. No, 285 Health by Muscular Gym- No, 288 Indigestion Treated by Gym- No. 290 Get Well: Keep Well, [nasties. No. 325 Twenty-Minute Exercises. No. 330 Physical Training for the School and Class Room. ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Group I Base Ball \o. 1— Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. The leading Base Ball annual of the country, and the official authoi-ity of the game. Contains the official playing rules, with an explanatory index of the rules compiled by Mr. A. G-. Spalding; pictures of all the teams in the National, American and minor leagues ; re- views of the season; college Base Ball, and a great deal of interesting in- formation. Price 10 cents. No. lA — Spaldins:'s Official Base Ball Record. Something new in Base Ball. Con- tains records of all kinds from the be- ginning of the National League and official averages of all professional or- ganizations for past season. Illustrated with pictures of leading teams and players. Price 10 cents. No. 302— How to Play Base Ball. Edited by Tim Murnane. New and revised edition. Illustrated with pic- tures showing how all the various curves and drops are thrown and por- traits of leading players. Price 10 cents. No. 223— How to Bat. There is no better way of becoming a proficient batter than by reading this book and practising the directions. Numerous illustrations. Price 10 cents. No. 232— How to Run the Bases. This book gives clear and concise directions for excelling as a base run- ner; tells when to run and when not to do so; how and when to slide; team work on the bases; in fact, every point of the game is thoroughly explained. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 230— How to Pitch. A new, up-to-date book. Its contents are the practical teaching of men who have reached the top as pitchers, and who know how to impart a knowledge of their art. AH the big leagues' pitchers are shown. Price 10 cents. \o. 229— How to Catch. Every boy who has hopes of being a clever catcher should read how well- known players cover their position. Pictures of all the noted catchers in the big leagues. Price 10 cents. No. 225— How to Play First Base. Illustrated with pictures of all the prominent first basemen. Price 10 cents. No. 226— How to Play Second Base. The ideas of the best second basemen have been incorporated in this book for the especial benefit of boys who want to know the fine points of play at this point of the diamond. Price 10 cents. No. 227— How to Play Third Base. Third base is, in some respects, the most important of the infield. All the points explained. Price 10 cents. No. 22S— How to Play Short- stop. Shortstop is one of the hardest posi- tions on the infield to fill, and quick thought and quick action are necessary for a player who expects to make good as a shortstop. Illus Price 10 cents No. 224— How to Play the Outfleld. An invaluable guide for the out- fielder. Price 10 cents. No. 231— How to Coach; How to Captain a Team; Ho^w to Manage a Team; Ho^v to Umpire; Ho^v to Or- ganize a fjcague; Tech- nical Terms of Base Ball. A useful guide. Price 10 cents. No 219 — Ready Reckoner of Base Ball Percentages. To supply a demand for a book which would show the percentage of clubs without recourse to thearduous work of tiguring.the publishers had these tables compiled by an expert. Price 10 cents. BA^£: BALL AUXILIARIES. No, 336— Minor Leag'ue Base Ball Guide, The minors' own guide. Edited by President T. H. Murnane, of the New England League. Price 10 cent? SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY No. 3»S— Official Handbook of tlie National Leagrne of Professional Base Ball Clubs. Contains the Constitution, By-Laws. Official Rules. Averages, and schedule of the National League for the current year, together with list of club officers and reports of the annual meetings of the League. Price 10 cents. No. 340— Official Handbook National Playgrronnd Ball Association. This game is specially adapted for playgrounds, parks, etc., is spreading rapidly. The book contains a descrip- tion of the game, rules and list of Price 10 cents. Group 11. Foot Ball No. 2— Spal>e 10 cents. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Group IV. Lawn Tennis No. 4— Spalding's Official L.a,Tvii Tennis Annual. Contents include reports of all important tourna- ments; official ranking from 1885 to date; laws of lawn tennis; instructions for handicapping; deci- sions on doubtful points; management of tourna- ments; directory of clubs; laying out and keeping a court. Illus- trated. Price 10 cents. to Play Lawn No. 157— How Tennis. A complete description of lawn ten- nis; a lesson for beginners and direc- tions telling how to make the most im- portant strokes. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No, 279— Strokes and Science of L,aTrn Tennis. By P. A. Vaile, a leading authority on the game in Great Britain. Every stroke in the game is accurately illus- trated and analyzed by the author. Price 10 cents. Golf Official Group V. No. 5— Spalding's Golf Guide. Contains records of all important tournaments, articles on the game in various sections of the country, pictures of prom- inent players, official play- ing rules and geneoBl items of interest. Price 10 cents. No. 276— How to Play Golf. By James Braid and Harry Vardon, the world's two greatest players tell how they play the game, with numer- ous full-page pictures of them taken on the links. Price 10 centa. Group VI. Hockey No. 6— Spalding's Official Ice Hocliey Guide. The official year book of the game. Contains the official rules, pictures of leading teams and players, records, review of the season, reports from dif" ferent sections of the United States and Canada. Price 10 cents. No. 304— How to Play Ice Hockey. Contains a description of the duties of each player. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 154— Field Hockey. Prominent in the sports at Vassar, Smith, Wellesley, Bryn Mawr and other leading colleges. Price 10 cents. No. 1S8 — Lawn Hockey, Parlor Hockey, Garden Hockey. Containing the rules for each game. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. ISO— Ring Hockey. A new game for the gymnasium. Exciting as basket ball. Price 10 cents. HOCKEY AUXILIARY. No. 25<>— Olticial Handbook of the Ontario Hockey Association. Contains the offic/al rules of the Association, constitution, rules of com- petition, list of officers, and pictures of leading players. Price 10 cents. Group VII. Basket Ball No. 7— Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide. Edited by George T. Hepbron. Contains the revised official rules, de- cisions on disputed points, records of prominent teams, reports on the game from various parts of the country. Illustrated. Price 10 cent?. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY ]Vo. 7A— Spaldinar's Official Women's Basket Hall Guide. Edited by Miss Senda Berenson, of Smith College. Contains the official playing rules and special articles on the game by prominent authorities. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. Xo, 1f)r^— How to Play Basket Call. By G. T. Hepbron. editor of the Ofiicial Basket Ball Guide. Illustrated with scenes of action. Price 10 cents. Polo BASKET BALL AUXILIARY. Basket No. 323— Collegiate Ball Handl^ook. The official publication of the Colle- giate Basket Ball Association. Con- tains the official rules, records, All- America selections, reviews, and pic- tures. Edited by H. A. Fisher, of Columbia. Price 10 cents. Group VIII. Lacrosse No. 8— Spalali lift's Official La- crosse Giiijie. Contains the constitution, by-laws, playing- rules, list of fifficers and records of the U. S. Intei--ColIegiate Lacrosse League. Price 10 cents. ]\o. am— HoTT to Play La- crosse. Every position is thoroughly ex- plained in a most simple and concise manner, rendering it the best manual of the game ever published. Illus- trated with numerous snapshots of im- portant plays. Price 10 cents. Group IX. Indoor Base Ball No. 9— Spalilins's Official In- door Base Ball Guide. America's national game is now vieing with other indoor games as a winter pastime. This book con- tains the playing rules, pictures of leading teams, and interesting articles on the game by leading au- thorities on the subject. Price 10 cents. Group X. No. lO— Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide. Edited by J. C. Morse. A full description of the game; official rules, re- cords; pictures of promi- nent players. Price IC cents Xo. 129— Water Polo. The contents of this book treat of every detail, the individual work of ttie players, the practice of the team, how to throw the ball, with illustrations and many valuable hints. Price 10 cents. No. 199— Eauestrian Polo. Compiled by H. L. Fitzpatrick of the New York Sun. Illustrated with por- traits of leading players, and contains most useful information for polo play- ers. Price 10 cents. _, ^^ Mlscellane- GroupXL ous Games \o. 271— Spalding's Official Rouue Guide. The official publication of the Na- tional RoQue Association of America. Contains a description of the courts and their construction, diagrams, illus- trations, rules and valuable informa- tion. Price 10 cents. \o. 13S— Spaldingr's Official Crpquet Guide Contains directions for playing, dia- grams of important strokes, description of grounds, instructions for the begin- ner, terms used in the game, and the official playing rules. Price 10 cents, JMo. 341— How to Bowl. The contents include : diagrams of effective deliveries ; hints to begin- ners : how to score; official rules; spares, how they are made ; rules for cocked hat, quintet, cocked hat and feather, battle game, etc. Price 10 cents. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY No. 24S— Arcliery. A new and up-to-date book on this fascinating pastime. The several varieties of archery; instructions for shooting; how to select implements; how to score; and a great deal of inter- esting information. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 194 — Racquets, Sqaash- Racquets and Court Ten- nis. How to play each game is thoroughly explained, and all the difficult strokes sho^vn by special photographs taken especially for this book. Contains the official rules for each game. Price 10 cents. No. 167— Q,uoits. Contains a description of the plays used by experts and the official rules. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 170— Push Ball. This book contains the official rules and a sketch of the game; illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 13— How to Play Hand Ball. By the world's champion, Michael Egan. Every play is thoroughly ex- plained by text and diagram. Illus- trated. Price 10 cents. No. 14— Curling. A short history of this famous Scot- tish pastime, with instructions for play, rules of the game, definitions of terms and diagrams of different shots. Price 10 cents. • No. 207— BoTvling- on tlie Green; or, Lavvn BotpIs. How to construct a green; how to play the game, and the official rules of the Scottish Bowling Association. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 189— Children's Games. These games are intended for use at recesses, and all but the team games have been adapted to large classes Suitable for children from three to eight years, and include a great variety Price 10 cents. Scotch, No. ISS— Lawn Gaines. Lawn Hockey, Garden Hockey, Hand Tennis, Tether Tennis; also Volley Ball, Parlor Hockey. Badminton, Bas- ket Goal. Price 10 cents. Group XII. Athletics Xo. 12— Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac. Compiled by J. E. Sulli- van, President of the Ama- teur Athletic Union. The only annual publication now issued that contains a complete list of amateur I best-on-records; intercol- legiate, swjmmin^r, inter- scholastic, Enf>iish, Irish, Swedish, Continental, South African, Australasian; numerous photos of in- dividual athletes and leading athletic teams. Price 10 cents. No. 12A— Spalding's Official Athletic B.ules. The A. A. U. is the governing body of athletes iri the United States of America, and all games must be held under its rules, which are exclusively published in this handbook, and a copy should be in the hands of every athlete and every club officer in America. Price 10 cents. No. 27— College Athletics. M. C. Murphy, the well-known ath- letic trainer, now with Pennsylvania, the author of this book, has written it especially for the schoolboy and college man, but it is invaluable for the athlete who wishes to excel in any branch of athletic sport; profusely illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 1S2— Ail-Around Ath- letics. Gives in full the method of scoring the All- Around Championship; how to train for the AU-Around Champion- ship. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. \o. 15«— Athlete's Guide. Full instructions for the beginner, telling how to sprint, hurdle, jump and throw weights, general hints on train- ing; valuable advice to beginners and important A. A. U. rules and their ex- planations, while the pictui-es comprise many scenes of champions in action. Price 10 cents. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY No. ST.*?— The Olympic Games at Athens. A complete account of the Olympic Games of 1906, at Athens, the greatest International Athletic Contest ever held. Compiled by J. E. Sullivan, Special United States Commissioner to the Olympic Games. Price 10 cents. No. ST— Athletic Primer. Edited by J. E. Sullivan.Ex-President of the Amateur Athletic Union. Tells how to organize an athletic club, how to conduct an athletic meeting, and g'ives rules for the government of ath- letic meetings; contents also include directions for laying out athletic grounds, and a very instructive article on training. Price 10 cents. No. 252— How to Sprint. Every athlete who aspires to be a sprinter can study this book to advan- tage. Price 10 cents. No. 255— How to Run 100 Yards. By J. W. Morton, the noted British champion. Many of Mr. Morton's methods of training are novel to American athletes, but his success is the best tribute to their worth. Illus- trated. Price 10 cents. No. 174 — Distance and Cross- country Running*. By George Orton, the famous Uni- versity of Pennsylvania runner. The quarter, half, mile, the longer dis- tances, and cross-country running and steeplechasing, with instructions for training; pictures of leading athletes in action, with comments by the editors Price 10 cents. No. 259— Weight Throwing:. Probably no otUer man in the world has had the varied and long experience of James S. Mitchel, the author, in the weight throwing department of ath- letics. The book gives valuable infor- mation not only for the novice, but for the expert as well. Price 10 cents. No. 24G— Athletic Training for Schoolboys. By Geo. W. Orton. Each event in the intercollegiate programme is treated of separately. Price 10 cents. l\o. 55— Official Sporting Rules. Contains rules not found in other publications for the government of many sports; rules for wrestling, shuffleboard, snowshoeing, profes- sional racing, pigeon shooting, dog racing, pistol and revolver shooting, British water polo rules, Rugby foot ball rules. Price 10 cents. No. 331— Schoolyard Ath- letics. By J. E. Sullivan, Ex-President Ama- teur Athletic Union and member of Board of Education of Greater New York. An invaluable handbook for the teacher and the pupil. Gives a systematic plan for conducting school athletic contests and instructs how to prepare for the various events. Illus- trated. Price 10 cents. No. 317 — Marathon Running. A new and up-to-date book on this popular pastime. Contains pictures of the leading Marathon runners, methods of training, and best times made in various Marathon events. Price 10 cents. ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES. No. 339— Official Intercolle- giate A. A. A. A. Handbook. Contains constitution, by-laws, and laws of athletics; records from 1876 to date. Price 10 cents. No. 308- Official Handbook NcT^' York: Interschol- astic Athletic Associa- tion. Contains the Association's records, constitution and by-laws and other information. Price 10 cents. \o. 302— Official Y.M.C.A. Handbook. Contains the official rules governing all sports under the jurisdiction of the Y. M. C. A., official Y. M. C. A. scoring tables, pentathlon rules, pictures of leading Y. M. C. A. athletes. Price 10 cents. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY No. 313— Official Handbook of the Pnlilic Schools Athletic League. Edited by Dr. C. Ward Crampton, director of physical education in the Public Schools of Greater New York. Illustrated, Price 10 cents. No. 314— Official Handbook Girls' Branch of the Public Schools Athletic League. The official publication. Contains': constitution and by-laws, list of offi- cers, donors, founders, life and annual members, reports and illustrations. Price 10 cents. Group XIII. Athletic Accomplishments No. 177— How to Swim, Will interest the expert as well as the novice; the illustrations were made from photographs especially posed, showing the swimmer in clear water; a valuable feature is the series of "land drill " exercises for the beginner. Price 10 cents. No. a9G— Speed STFimming. By Champion C. M. Daniels of the New York Athletic Club team, holder of numerous American records, and the best swimmer in America qualified to write on the subject. Any boy should be able to increase his speed in the water after reading Champion Daniels' instructions on the subject. Price 10 cents. No. 128— How to Row. By E. J. Giannini, of the New York Athletic Club, one of America's most famous amateur oarsmen and cham- pions. Shows how to hold the oars, the finish of the stroke and other valu- able information. Price 10 cents. No. 23— Canoeing. Paddling, sailing, cruising and rac- ing canoes and their uses; with hints on rig and management; the choice of a canoe; sailing canoes, racing regula- tions; canoeing and camping. Fully illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 200— HoTV to Become a Skater. Contains advice for beginners; how to become a figure skater, showing how to do all the different tricks of the best figure skaters. Pictures of prominent skaters and numerous diagrams. Price 10 cents. No. 2S2— Official Roller Skat- ing- Guide. Directions for becoming a fancy and trick roller skater, and rules for roller skating. Pictures of prominent trick skaters in action. Price 10 cents. No. 17S— How to Train for Bicycling. Gives methods of the best riders when training for long or short distance races; hints on training. Revised and up-to-date in every particular. Price 10 cents. _ „„. Manly Group XIV. Sports No. 140— Wrestling. Catch-as-catch-can style. Seventy illustrations of the different holds, pho- tographed especially and so described that anybody can with little effort learn every one. Price 10 cents. No. 18 — Fencing. By Dr. Edward Breck, of Boston, editor of The Swordsman, a promi- nent amateur fencer. A book that has stood the test of time, and is universally acknowledged to be a standard work. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 1G2— Boxing Guide. Contains over 70 pages of illustrations showing all the latest blows, posed especially for this book under the super- vision of a well-known instructor of boxing, who makes a specialty of teach- ing and knows how to impart his knowledge. Price 10 cents. No. 165— The Art of Fencing: By Regis and Louis Senac, of New York, famous instructors and leading authorities on the subject. Gives in detail how every move should be made» Price 10 cents. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY No. 23C>— How to Wrestle. The most complete and up-to-date book on wrestling ever published. Edited by F. R. Toombs, and devoted principally to special poses and illustra- tions by Geoi-ge Hackenschmidt, the "Russian Lion." Price 10 cents. No. 102— Ground Tumbling. Any boy, by reading this book and following the instructions, can become proficient. Price 10 cents. No. 2SU— Tumbling: lor Ama- teurs. Specially compiled for amateurs by Dr.JamesT. Gwathmey. Every variety of the pastime explained by text and pictures, over 100 different positions being shown. Price 10 cents. to Puncli tlie No. 191— How Bag-. The best treatise on bag punching that has ever been printed. Every va- riety of blow used in training is shown and explained, with a chapter on fancy bag punching by a well-known theatri- cal bag puncher. Price 10 cents. No. 200— Dumb-Bells. The best work on dumb-bells that has ever been offered. By Prof. G. Bojus, of New York. Contains 200 photographs. Should be in the hands of every teacher and pupil of physical culture, and is invaluable for home exercise. Price 10 cents. Clubs and No. 143— Indian Dumb-Bells. By America's amateur champion club swinger, J. H. Dougherty. It is clearly illustrated, by which any novice can become an expert. Price 10 Gents. No. 262— Medicine Ball Ex- ercises. A series of plain and practical exer- cises with the medicine ball, suitable for boys and girls, business and profes- sional men, in and out of gymnasium. Price 10 cents. Xo. 20— Pulley AVeiglit Exer- cises. By Dr. Henry S. Anderson, instructor in heavy gymnastics Yale gymnasium. In conjunction with a chest machine anyone with this book can become perfectly developed. Price 10 cents. \o. 233— Jiu Jitsu. Each move thoroughly explained and illustrated with numerous full-page pictures of Messrs. A. Minami and K. Koyama, two of the most famous ex- ponents of the art of Jiu Jitsu, who posed especially for this book. Price 10 cents. IVo. 166— How to Swingr In- dian Clubs. By Prof. E. B. Warman. By follow- ing the directions carefully anyone can become an expert. Price 10 cents. \o. 326— Professional Wrest- ling;. A book devoted to the catch-as-catch- can style; illustrated with half-tone pictures showing the different holds used by Frank Gotch, champion catch- as-catch-can wrestler of the world. Posed by Dr. Roller and Charles Postl. By Ed. W. Smith, Sporting Editor of the Chicago American. Price 10 cents. Group XV. Gymnastics IVo. 104— The Grading: of Gymnastic Exercises. By G. M. Martin. A book that should be in the hands of every physical direc- tor of the Y. M. C. A., school, club, col- lege, etc. Price 10«cents. No. 214— Graded Calistben- ics and Dumb-Bell Drills. For years it has been the custom in most gymnasiums of memorizing a set drill, which was never varied. Conse- quently the beginner was given the same kind and amount as the older member. With a view to giving uni- formity the present treatise is at- tempted. Price 10 cents. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY No. 254— Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. Edited by Dr. R. Tait McKenzie, Director Physical Training, University of Pennsylvania. Profusely illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 158— Indoor and Outdoor Gymnastic Games. A book that will prove valuable to in- door and outdoor gymnasiums, schools, outings and gatherings where there are a number to be amused. Price 10 cents. No. 124 — Hovr to Become a Gymnast. By Robert Stoll, of the New York A. C., the American champion on the flying rings from 1885 to 1892. Any boy can easily become proficient with a little practice. Price 10 cents. No. 287— Fancy Dumb Bell and Marcliing- Drills. All concede that games and recreative exercises during the adolescent period are preferable to set drills and monoton- ous movements. These drills, while de- signed primarily for boys, can be used successfully with girls and men and women. Profusely illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 327— Pyramid Bnildingr Without Apparatus. By W. J. Cromie, Instructor of Gymnastics, University of Pennsyl- vania. With illustrations showing many different combinations. This book should be in the hands of all gym- nasium instructors. Price 10 Cents. No. 328— Exercises on tlie Parallel Bars. By W. J. Cromie. Every gymnast should procure a copy of this book. Illustrated with cuts showing many novel exercises. Price 10 cents. No. 329— Pyramid Building: Trith Chairs, Wands and Ladders. By W. J. Cromie. Illustrated with half-tone photopraphs showing many interesting combinations. Price 10 cents. GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY. No. 333— Official Handbook Inter-Collegiate Associa- tion Amateur Gymnasts of America. Edited by P. R. Carpenter, Physical Director Amherst College. Contains pictures of leading teams and individual champions, official rules governing con- tests, records. Price 10 cents. Group XVL Physical Culture No. 161— Ten Minutes' Exei i cise for Busy Men. By Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick, Direc- tor of Physical Training in the New York Public Schools. A concise and complete course of physical education. Price 10 cents. No. 208— Physical Education and Hygiene. This is the fifth of the Physical Training series, by Prof. E. B. Warman (see Nos. 142, 149, 166, 185, 213, 261. 290.) Price 10 cents. No. 149— The Care of the Body. A book that all who value health should read and follow its instructions. By Prof. E. B. Warman, the well-known lecturer and authority on physical cul- ture. Price 10 cents. No. 142— Physical Training Simplified. By Prof. E. B. Warman. A complete, thorough and practical book where the whole man is considered — brain and body. Price 10 cents. No. 261— Tensing Elxercises. By Prof. E. B. Warman. The "Ten- sing" or "Resisting" system of mus- cular exercises is the most thorough, the most complete, the most satisfac- tory, and the most fascinating of sys- tems. Price 10 cents. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY No. 185— Health Hints. By Prof. E. B. Warman. Health in- fluenced by insulation; health influ- enced by underwear; health influenced by color; exercise. Price 10 cents. No. 313—285 Health Answers. By Prof. E. B. Warman. Contents: ventilating a bedroom; ventiUcing a house; how to obtain pure air; bathmg; salt water baths at home; a substitute for ice water; to cure insomnia, etc., etc. Price 10 cents. No. 238— Muscle Buildingr. By Dr. L. H. Gulick. A complete treatise on the correct method of acquiring strength. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 234— School Tactics and Maze Runningr. A series of drills for the use of schools. Edited by Dr. Luther Halsey Guliok. Price 10 certs. No. 325— TT»enty Minnte Ex- ercises. By Prof. E. B. Warman, with chap- ters on " How to Avoid Growing Old," and "Fasting; Its Objects and Bene- fits," Price 10 cents. No. 285— Health; by Muscu- lar Gymnastics. With hints on right living. By W. J. Cromie. If one will practice the exer- cises and observe the hints therein contained, he will be amply repaid for so doing. Price 10 cents. No. 238— Indigestion Treated by (iyTinnastics By W. J. Cromie. If the hints there- in contained are observed and the exercises faithfully performed great relief will be experienced. Price 10 cents. No. 290— Get Well; Keep Well. By Prof. E. B. Warman, author of a number of books in the Spalding Ath- letic Library on physical training. Price 10 cents. \o. 330 — Physical Training tor the School and Class Room. Edited by G. R, Borden, Physical Director of the Y. M. C. A., Easton, Pa. A book that is for practical work in the school room. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. H. L. HERBERT, Chairman of the Polo Association, Q «*«l«H»«ML>«lt M«* ■«♦■ III ■♦»■ i> ■»»»»«♦' v^ Copyright, 1910 BY American Sports Publishing Company New York U27ifjGi; ^^\ SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAR¥. ^. Pony Polo and How to Play It ; THE GAME AND EQUIPMENT. To play championship polo requires more than the ordinary skill on horseback, a quick eye and strong muscles, and the use of from four to a dozen fast ponies that are broken to the game. It is not necessary to have so many ponies nor to be in hard training to play polo as a pastime, or even to join a team for the minor cups and handicaps at the ordinary country club tourna- ments. There is no more agreeable form of equestrianism than to take up polo in the informal way, and, quite aside from the new material that is constantly being developed from those who take up the game purely as an enjoyable exercise, the desultory games are encouraged at all the clubs,, among the seniors and juniors alike. The American game, with its many intervals of rest, is easier on the ponies than polo under Hurlingham rules, yet even in England some good sport is furnished by teams of juniors, who seldom have more than one pony apiece. But if one aspires to a crack team, the more ponies and the faster they are the better. THE FIELD. The game is played on a field of turf, preferably of 950 feet in length by 450 feet in width, guarded on the sides but not on the ends by a board ten inches in height and usually painted white. The game consists in putting a ball through a goal protected by the opposing team. There is a goal at each end of the field, in the centre, the posts at least ten feet high and placed twenty- four feet apart. The teams in championship matches are of four a side, but they may be of any number desired. The regular game in this country, for teams of four, is of eight periods of seven and one-half minutes of actual play each. To win a goal counts one and the team having the largest score at the end wins the match. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 5 Three minutes is allowed between goals and seven minutes after the fourth period, or half time, unless otherwise agreed, the time out not being counted in the actual play. But under Hurlingham rules, the standard in Great Britain and used in Canada and California, it is provided that the duration of a match shall be one hour, divided into six periods of ten minutes each, with an interval of five minutes after the second and fourth periods, and an interval of two minutes after the first, third and fifth. The greatest difference in the game under the Polo Association and Hurlingham rules, aside from matters of detail, is that under the latter code players may not be off side. OFFICIALS. Before beginning play the two captains should agree on a referee, timer and scorer, and the home captain will appoint an umpire for each goal. At the summons of the referee, the teams line up in the middle of the field, each on its own side. When the timer gives the signal, after an interval in which he notes that the contestants «re on their own sides of the middle line, the referee throws in the ball. The play is then continued until a goal is made, or the ball goes out of bounds at the sides or ends. When the ball crosses the side lines, the referee, from out- side the boards, throws it again between the teams, who line up as at the start, but about opposite the point where the ball went out. If the ball goes out at the end, the team defending the goal at that end is entitled to a knock-in, the ball being placed on the line where it crossed, but in no case nearer than ten feet to the goal posts or to the side boards. No opponent may come within fifty feet of the ball when placed for a knock-in, until it has been touched by the mallet of the player who is to hit it back. SCORING. A safety stroke counts one-quarter goal against the team score and a foul one-half goal, and, in the latter instance, the referee may also order the player making the foul out of the match. Nothing more may be mentioned in the sunnnary of how the Copyright, iy03. by A. H. Godfrey. 1123 Broadway, N. Y, MR. ALBERT E. KENNEDY. Of Philadelphia Club. A cut from the side and rear of a galloping pony to send ball in oblique direction away from the eroal. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 7 game is played, as the points are fully covered in the rules .of the Polo Association and in the advice to players, except that now play stops at the signal, no matter where the ball may be at the moment the gong rings. EQUIPMENT. The equipment for the game provided by the home club in- cludes the goal posts, which must be light enough to break if collided with and may be of wood, or of paper, and the balls, which, to conform with the rules, shall be of wood, with no other covering than white paint, 3^ inches in diameter and not exceed- ing 5 ounces in w^eight. The best balls are of willow, for they last the longest in play without chipping, and they may be obtained in quantities, well seasoned and painted, at any of A. G. Spalding & Bros.' stores. The Hurlingham rules call for a ball 3^ inches in diameter and not over sV^ ounces in weight, and the material of which they must be made is not speci- fied. A number of patented balls have been tried, both here and abroad, but without supplanting the wooden. ones in the favor of the players. The mallet is the essential thing and as important as the racket in tennis, or the cue in billiards and, as with those implements of sport, the individual predilections as to weight and length are to be consulted. In polo sticks, however, the length varies to suit the height of the pony, but care must be taken not to have the mallets so heavy as to be unwieldy. Another extreme to avoid is a stick so light as to be too whippy. The sticks are of cane, either rattan or malacca, and the heads of various sorts of light and durable wood, usually sycamore, ash or beech. The sticks may be obtained of any length wanted, the usual sizes being from 4 feet to 4 feet 6 inches. When mounted and gripping the handle the stick should be just long enough to let the head touch the turf. The heads in Great Britain are square, with the edges beveled, but many prefer the cigar shape which is most often used in the United States. They are from yVj to 8^ inches long, ili to 2% inches wide, and 1 34 to 2 inches deep. The spring in the stick should be POXHALL KEENE. SrALDIXr.'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 9 near the head, which should be put on at the angle io suit the player. The handles are wrapped with adhesive tape or soft leather, and shaped to the palm to aid a firm grip. The flat handles are the easiest to hold, but some prefer to have them round. A light strap, or a piece of ordinary tape, is looped to the handle-butt. The grip is always at the end of the handle, the hand being thrust through the loop and the strap twisted around the wrist, so that the stick will be close and snug in the palm. The one ruling about the sticks is that they shall be such as are approved of by the committee, or, in other words, the referee may forbid the use of any type that in his judgment may jeopardize the safety of the other players or be likely to hurt the ponies, which is also the reason for objecting to the players using too whippy sticks and for beveling the sharp edges of the heads. All canes are brittle, especially at the junction of the stick and the handle, and it is necessary to have always on hand a number of the different sizes. The best styles and a complete line of sizes are kept in stock at the stores of A. G. Spalding & Bros. A seasoned cane, however, will last a long while, and, as no way of overcoming the brittleness is feasible, a chance has to be taken about them breaking. To soak the parts which are most liable to break in water or oil has been tried, but this increases the weight without insuring any longer life to the mallet. Should a player drop a mallet he must pick it up himself and he may not hit the ball while dismounted for this purpose. When a stick breaks, the player must ride to the side or end lines to obtain a new one, which may be handed to him by an outsider, but in no instance may a stick be brought on the field to a player. The clothing for the glme, when heed is paid to a correctness in appointments, will be a flannel or silk shirt, with a safety cap or soft hat, reinforced to save the head from a mallet blow or in falling; white breeches of tweed or some, similar material, brown or patent leather butcher boots. The use of gloves is a matter of personal comfort, but they are seldom worn. In formal matches the players wear the club colors, as the "pink shirt, J. E. COWDIN. Westchester Polo Club- SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. H canary sash" of the Myopia Hunt Club, and in some cases the style of headwear is specified; for example, the stipulation at the Country Club of Westchester is "scarlet, white cap," and at the St. Louis Country Club "red, white sash and cap." No blinkers, or spurs with rowels, are allowed under American or Hurlingham rules, nor may a pony blind of an eye be played. It is permissible to carry a whip in the rein hand, and the knowl- edge that his rider has one is a great moral influence, often enough without using it, to keep a lazy or a tricky pony up into the game. A long whip is best, and in England the fashion now is to have them as long as an American buggy whip. A plain double bridle, with bit and bridoon, will give the best results, and a standing martingale is customary to keep the pony throwing back its head and to go in more collected form. A gag snaffle may be needed to keep a pony from carrying the head low, or other special arrangement as the occasion may require. A knee pad on a saddle is a disadvantage, and a plain flap, the closer the better to the pony, is best. The saddle should be lighter than the hunting saddle, yet not too small to give a firm and comfort- able seat, for in the bendings of the body and sudden swerves of the game a player cannot keep his balance unless on a firm foun- dation. A surcingle will help to keep the saddle securely in its place. HOW TO PLAY THE GAME. If the ball could be hit without any interference from the opponents straight up and down the field, polo would be merely a simple and easy form of exercise on horseback, but the oppor- tunities for molesting the player in the even tenor of his way are as frequent as at football or hockey, which opens the way for an unlimited number of strategical plays and combination tactics. Moreover, besides the actual hitting of the ball, the hustling and racing for its possession are subordinate to the control of the pony, and, while in theory the best ponies are supposed to know and like the game, as a fact the rider must be always in perfect command of his mount under the penalty of receiving a fall. In the real game, as the crack teams play it, W. C. EUSTIS. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 13 this element of danger is ever present and it must be boldly faced, for there is no place on the field for a timid rider. To be bold in the game does not mean that a player shall be foolhardy, or ride in a reckless way, and, in the fury of the strife, the spice of danger helps to make the game worth the playing. Men, as well as the ponies, need a training in the game. When first mounted the mallet feels as unmanageable as a telegraph pole, and the ball is as hard to hit as though it were only the size of a pea. But practise makes perfect, and, literally, the young player must walk before he may run. However, even before beginning the practise strokes, the player will have to learn to ride in polo style, as distinct in its way as the art of a finish on the flat or riding a steeplechase. Briefly, the polo seat is a happy combination of a grip and balance, with no aid whatever from the reins. The beginning should be with a "made" pony, for the lessons will be learned more quickly than if the horse, as well as the man, is as green as grass. One method is to sit with nothing in the hands and have an aid drive the pony with long reins in turns and circles. The better way is to walk the pony about without the hands on the reins, leaning meanwhile from one side to the other and forward and back. The pony should then be cantered and swayed in half circles by leg pressure and the lightest touch of the mouth. The quick turns of the figure of eight should follow this and also the turn on the spot when at a hard canter and at a gallop. When through practise in these evolutions a beginner has acquired a confident seat and balance, it will be time to learn the use of the mallet. Gripping at th'e end of the handle and with the wrist strap properly twisted, the stick should be swung about in imaginary strokes until it can be handled without clumsiness. The little finger should encircle the end of the handle-butt and no part of the stock project beyond the palm. If the wrist were allowed to project, on hitting the ball the impact would force the protruding part against the wrist and cause some pain, besides shortening the swing at the ball. It may be well to begin by walking the pony and dribble the ball SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 1^ along, both by taps forward and back, for this helps the eye and the suppleness of the wrist, and, moreover, is a maneuver often useful in the game to get the ball free from a scramble for its possession. When it becomes easy to find the ball and catch it squarely with the head of the mallet, learn to hit it when ap- proaching at the fast paces. The most important thing to remem- ber is that when at speed the ball must be hit when it is at the pony's fore-leg. It is a mistake to wait until the ball is in line with the stirrup. Care should be taken to avoid hitting the pony either on the legs or in the face, otherwise the pony will become both ball- and mallet-shy. The straight forward stroke at the full length of the arm is the easiest to learn and the one called for most frequently in playing. It is succeeded by the forward strokes at an angle and by the same strokes delivered over the near side of the pony. Back-handed strokes must be practised in the same variety and also strokes under and over the pony's neck. Then, when the full command of the mallet has been gained by assiduous practis- ing, the work may be varied by having the ball thrown in from- the end and side lines, as it is in the game, so as to learn to take quickly. Too much time cannot be given to preliminary work, for the greater the facility gained in practise the more coolly and easily will the beginner take up the real work when called on to show his skill in a match. The half-fledged player, especially now that the ponies are broken to the game before being brought on the market, is more often met with than one who has overdone the schooling tasks. Some of the early work may be done in a riding school, but the beginner advances the fastest who may practise on a regular field and with others who are taking up the same, or who are adepts at it and will give to him the benefit of their experience. The boys who begin to play on their first ponies, and, in matches with rivals of their own own age, imitate the methods of the local heroes of the game, learn polo as easily as they do swimming, but those who take up the game in adult years must expect to serve an apprenticeship of some duration. Given the ability to ride at all, there is practically no age limit at which proficiency LORD WODEHOUSE, OLD ETONIAN. Photo by the Sport and General Illustrations Co. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 17 at polo may not be acquired. There are usually as many old men as young on the teams that meet for informal play and in the minor matches at the clubs throughout the country, and, when championship team form is gained in youth it may be kept, with a fair amount of practise, nearly as long as a person is able to mount a horse. It appeals for these reasons to all who love equestrianism and life in the open, and, with the knowledge that polo is not an extravagant sport when pursued merely as a country recreation, the game is gaining new recruits on every side. To be a member of a crack team is a different matter as to the money outlay, for the cost and maintenance of a string of fast ponies is a considerable item, to which must be added the charges for transporting the outfit to the different tourna- ments, yet, all told, the expense is not so great as in many other sports, while there is a sure return in exercise and health- ful excitement. The positions of the players on a team and a synopsis of their duties may be explained in the following order, first stating. that for the line up at the throw-in the backs usually stay well behind the others, to be ready to race off to the defense of their respective goals, should the occasion require it. Number One. — The ruling motive of the player in' this place, at every stage of the game, is to watch the opposing back, to ride him off and clear the way for his own side when they have the ball going toward the goal. In England, where play off- side is not allowed, it is held that the weakest hitter may well be put in this position, and, indeed, the experiment has been tried of playing it without a mallet. Under that rule, should No. i seek to go on with the ball, the back has only to pull up to force him out of the game by being off-side, but even where Hurling- ham rules are in vogue the present idea is that the player should lose no opportunity to hit, unless one of his side calls out to him to leave the ball. In the American game, with the privilege of playing off-side, the No. i is a free lance as to hitting the ball, but the desire to do so must not be allowed to interfere with the main duty of the player to the team, which is to pre- vent the back from guarding successfully the goal that is in X \» ^ ^1^ ^^^m . V^ ^^ ^^^^^^SwRKHHhh^^^^^^^^hI^^^^^^^I ^^^^fefe^t ; .-■'jt-.'- i^ty ii 1 1 1 1 ^ HI CAPT. HARDRESS LLOYD. Hurlingham Club. Photo by the Sport and General Illustrations Go. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 19 danger. On this account a clever No. i will leave the ball at any time, unless he should be so lucky as to have a clear field, to the care of his No. 2 or No. 3, to devote his energies to the back, for it is evident that if the latter is kept from the ball the taking of the goal should be an easy matter, for ii. will be unde- fended unless one of the others of his side may have the unusual good fortune to be in time to fill the gap. The position is one of self-sacrifice, for except on the chance of the opposing back going up with the ball and then losing it, when it usually comes back to No. I and gives to him an opportunity to take it through the goal, the player is seldom enabled to score on his own hook, although he is the most important factor in aiding the others to roll up the count. A quick man is needed for No. i, and he must have handy and speedy ponies to hold his own in the game. Number Two. — The ideal player in this position should ride and judge pace like a jockey and hit like a blacksmith. It is the most independent position, and the player is often termed the "flying man" of the team. He must be handy in a scrim- mage and an adept in hooking or dribbling the ball out so that he may have a fair hit at it, but more often the ball comes to him from No. 3 of No. 4, and it is his work to race with it, hitting as he gallops, in the endeavor to earn the goal. When he can, the No. 2 will hit straight up the field, but he is often compelled to go across or around, an effective run sometimes being along the boundary boards. The position calls for a special judgment and skill in hitting at an angle, as well as the ability to get distance when needed in the straightaway plays. After such a stroke, or at any time, should No. i get the ball, the No. 2 should not be too quick in calling to him to leave it, but instead he should at once go after the opposing back, and ride him out of the way. In the usual instance, No. i will have the back under control and the goal clear for No. 2. An impor- tant detail in the work of No. 2 is that if possible he should always hit the ball- so as to help No. i in playing it. As an example, should No. i be on the right of the rival back. No. 2 should strike the ball to the right side of the pair, and, if thq MR. MORTON W. SMITH. Staten Island Polo Club, on " Happy Days." SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 21 reverse is the position, the ball should be struck to the left side. The knowledge that this will be done is a help to the No. i, for he will not have to look to see on which 'side the ball is to come and he can give up his energies v/ithout distraction to the riding off of the back. It is a safe rule under all circumstances to hit the ball to the player on your side. Number Three. — This player must be ready to help his back whenever he is being hard pressed and also be ready to change places with him when the back gets an opportunity to make a run with the ball. It is also the duty of the half-back, as the player is sometimes called, to ride off the opposing No. 2 when he can and also to assist the back in fighting off No. i. The position, as well as back, requires a player strong at "back- handers," and No. 3 has also to act on the aggressive as well as the defensive. He will gain many opportunities for thrilling runs when playing forward and to score a goal in the utra- sensational way after bringing the ball clear down the field. Ordinarily, and, in team tactics, the more often the better, the No. 3 must be content to pass the ball to his No. 2 and thence to be a stumbling block in the path of the opposing No. 2, or otherwise of service in his capacity of "general utility" man. Number Four. — The back is generally the captain of the team, for, although he has the most important of all the positions, the other players are in front of him and he can see every move in the game. He is always in touch with the progress of the con- test and able to direct his players at will. The back should have a shifty lot of ponies, well up to riding off work, as well as possessing speed. On a fast, handy pony, the back is often able to keep up in the game, but with the speed lacking he has to stick at the goal. He must be an expert with "back-handers" and rely mostly on them in defending goal, It is the saving stroke when galloping to guard the goal, but in this case it is not wise to hit the ball straight into the pursuing host, unless they are so scattered that there is a chance of sending it right through the game, but instead he should hit to the side and out of the dangerous territory. It is the place of the back to knock in when the ball goes over the end line, and, in this instance, he SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 23 will sometimes run up with it, when No. 3 should at once take the defense of the goal. Back is sometimes forced, too, to make a safety hit, as it is always wise to give a "mickle for a muckle." The opposing No. i will always be a thorn in the flesh, yet the back, if sure of his half-back, must often take a chance by going up into the game and leading the attack. A prudent step is for the back to avoid meeting the ball, unless sure of the stroke, for a miss will leave the goal defenseless. It is best to turn and wait for a "backhander," which is bound to send the ball away from the posts and save the goal. There is no short cut to learning the game and only steady playing will keep a man up to his best. There are some who advise dashing at once into the game, once a few "made" ponies are bought, in the confidence that the ability to play is only a matter of keeping at it. To learn by easy stages, in their opinion, teaches fussiness and dilatory ways, but there is nothing in such criticisms. To go forward in successive stages, instead, gives steadiness in all the strokes and the ability to hit every time. The most noticeable stroke of the "self-untaught," to coin a title for them, is often the impotent swing that does not send the mallet-head within a foot of the ball. The best general rule is to always hit to place the ball on the side of a team-mate, and when possible to his right side, for if there is no opponent on that side he may be able to get in some telling strokes. In riding off a player may push with his shoulder, provided the elbow be kept close to his side, but he must not hustle in any other manner. He may also block the ball with any part of his person or with his pony. Before en- gaging in a match, the beginner should study the rules, especially regarding dangerous riding, the right of way and crossing, and it is also wise to read the Hurlingham rules. In the latter code there are suggestions to be gleaned by noting the plays that are specifically barred, but not mentioned at all in the American rules. There is little probability, however, that our poloists will ever take up with all on-side play, for in the opinions of our players who most often go abroad, the fear of getting off-side kills a free and open game. Under Hurlingham rules, the players HARRY PAYNE WHITNEY. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 25 worry each other and are always pulHng up, while here they are always after the ball and racing for its possession. POINTS ABOUT THE PONIES. While attempts are being made to breed polo ponies in the North and some fast ones are claimed for farms in Massachu- setts, Rhode Island, New York and Pennsylvania, they are as yet only to be classed as costly rarities, and the stock for the game must be procured on the ranches of Texas, Wyoming and the West, or from California. The American ponies are in demand in England, also, of late years, to a limited extent. There, ac- cording to Mr. H. L. Herbert, who is thoroughly familiar with the British game, while they breed a grand type of weight-carry- ing pony on thoroughbred lines, in medium and light-weight ponies our Western stock is unsurpassed for hardiness, speed and endurance. They are not so good in heavy going as the English ponies, however, that have been bred for years from sires and dams that had shown the ability to go fast on soft turf, due to the many rains. The American pony is the product of the ranges, improved by breeding to selected sires, often thoroughbred. The original stock had been the Spanish horse and afterward the improved stock of the Mexicans and of the early settlers from the North. The mustang, the wild descendant of the Spanish horse, is now virtually extinct. The broncho, the unbroken range horse, fur- nishes many ponies to the East, but the best type of pony has been carefully bred from a line of ancestors used in rounding up the cattle, or as racing ponies, the noted "quarter horse," The West is now short on good horses. A few years ago they were so plentiful as to be a drug on the market. The values were so low that many owners shot their horses to curtail their feed bills, and, about 1896, the breeders generally got rid of their stock and started in to raise corn, wheat, etc., as there was no longer any profit in raising horses. The outbreak of the Boer war, however, created a demand for cavalry mounts, and over one hundred thousand horses and ponies were sent from the Southwest. This great drain on the supply and the prior in- ROBERT J. COLLIER. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 27 activity in breeding have restored the vahies on the ranges and the effect is felt in the East. Although the cost of the ponies has increased, polo is not essentially a rich man's game, for all its excitement and fascina- tion may be enjoyed at a moderate expense if the player is con- tent to use fairly good ponies and to confine himself to home grounds. It is the shipping about the country to the tourna- ments that piles up the expense and makes imperative a string of the best ponies to be had. Mr. Morton W. Smith, o^ the ^taten Island Polo Club, after expressing a partiality for the Texan pony, has written in a letter some interesting comments on the ponies. He states : "A good Western pony will bring from $250 up to or over $3,000, and the treatment it receives is much the same as is accorded the race horse in training : that is, when the little fellow is being fitted for a tournament. A well-equipped player will have from four to eight ponies, while some poloists keep as many as thirty, but the stay-at-home player, spoken of above, can enjoy very fair sport with two mounts. The polo pony is a somewhat unknown quantity not only to the public in general, but to the average horseman, so a few remarks concerning the wiry little beast will not be out of place. The playing of to-day is so much faster than a few years back that the fleetest, stoutest pony is required to go the pace and stand the strain. The pony that was considered a marvel of speed and clevernes.9 but a short while ago, is outclassed for the up-to-date game. The rules of play ha«e been altered in such manner that the game at present is a succession of short races. The field has been enlarged from about seven hundred to nine hundred feet in length, and from three hundred and fifty to five hundred feet in width. In scampering at full speed over this area, the pony is taxed to its utmost during the period that he is required to play, often five or seven minutes without a check. "A thoroughbred is asked to work, say, from five furlongs to four miles, the latter the great exception. The maximum of weight carried by a steeplechaser is about one hundred and seventy pounds, the minimum one hundred and thirty-two. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 29 except where catch-weights are in order. In flat racing eighty- four pounds is about the lowest at which- a jockey rides, while it is but seldom that a horse is asked to pick up over one hun- dred and thirty-three pounds, unless it be at welter-weight. It is not often that a thoroughbred is entered in more than two or three races a week, while many careful trainers think it un- wise to expect that much of their charges. The height of a runner ranges ordinarily from I5>2 to i6^ hands, but of course stamina and speed are the factors that influence his ability far more than his inches. The above rough estimates are given in order to draw a comparison between what is required of a race- horse and his smaller and less breedier brother of polo specialty. A polo pony must not exceed 14.2 hands, as that is the fixed limit of height, and the little fellow has to gallop from six to eight miles in a game. Players generally, change ponies about every five minutes, as a rule. The weight carried is from 140 to 240 pounds and frequently the pony is played in three tourna- ment games a week. His natural toughness, stands him in time of need, and the infusion of thoroughbred blood which he usually inherits from his sire gives him speed, gameness and courage. "The thoroughbred pony is more hot-headed and not as well balanced as a pony with a little cold blood in him. The former is always 'extended' at speed and therefore not as ready to shorten his stride and turn handily. The thoroughbred, more- over, has a tendency to lead with the near leg and is not an adept at changing the lead. The best 'turners' are those that 'run under you,' so that when a player sits back the pony will shorten his stride, throwing his weight back of his hips and getting his legs under him, while his hocks are the pivots on which he revolves. To be ranked as first-class, a pony must have high speed, be thoroughly mouthed, active, nimble, quick to start, and, in short, more or. less of an acrobat. Brains are most essential and gameness is always required, for a pony is forced into scrimmages where his life and limb are time and again endangered. The age of a pony is of small consequence provided he is not played when undeveloped nor worked till SCENES IN THE CORRAL. Only stables the ponies have until brought East. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 3J antiquated. They are probably at their best from seven to four- teen years, and invariably improve after being sent North." Before a pony is of any real service in the game it must be taught to turn quickly, stand the bumping from other ponies and not be shy of the mallets or ball. A "made"' pony, to quote briefly the English expert, Captain Hayes, should possess the following attributes : 1. He should be able to start quickly, jump into his bridle at once, and strike off from the halt into a canter or gallop. 2. His mouth should be so "made" that he will go at any rate of speed you desire, from the slowest canter to the fastest. 3. He should be able to pull up to a halt in a very few strides when at his greatest speed. 4. He should be able to change his leading leg the moment he gets a hint to do so. It is now seldom necessary to break in the ponies to the rudi- ments of the game, for it is done at the ranches or by the dealers in the East, as it enables them to show a pony off to better ad- vantage, and, of course, to get a better price, than if the horse needs a ten-acre lot to turn in and begins to buck-jump when the rider swings a mallet. At more than one of the ranches there are polo fields on which the ponies receive their first les- sons and are p*layed in matches between the cow,-punchers. In the spring the dealers bring on the ponies in car-load lots to the polo centres in the East and a prospective buyer often plays a pony in matches before completing the purchase. The wisdom of the pony in the game, in the hands of a good player, increases with each season that it is used. The second education of the ponies, the jfinishing-off touches, in the manner taught at the polo farms of England and Ireland, has lately been taken up in this country. Hugh Drury is mana- ger of such a training farm on Long Island, and approved ponies are taken to be scheduled. There is an indoor ring for work in inclement weather. There are newly established farms for the schooling of the ponies also in Virginia, Texas, Montana and Wyoming, but there is room for more and better-equipped places. A made pony is money in the bank to the American dealer, and SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBEABT. 33 will keep here a vast sum paid out annually for clever polo nags in Great Britain. At Fort Riley, Kansas, there are two polo fields, and an attempt is being made to train ponies for the game. Some knowledge of value is gained by these ponies in actual play, often in matches between the army officers and the professo , and students of the United States experimental horse- breeding station. Photo by Elliott & Fry, London. CAPT. F. EGERTON GREEN. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Polo In the United States INTERNATIONAL MATCHES. In 1876, six years after the game had been brought into Eng- land by the loth Hussars from India, polo was introduced into the United States by Mr. James Gordon Bennett, who organ- ized a set of players and had a carload of ponies brought on from Texas, which were taken by lot at $20 a head. After prac- tising in Dickel's Riding Academy, then on Fifth Avenue, at the corner of Thirty-ninth street, the first matches were held in the spring on the grounds owned by Mr. Bennett, just above Jerome Park. A year later the Westchester Polo Club was organized and played at Newport, and, in the same year, the game was started at Long Branch by Mr. H, L. Herbert. The game was played at Prospect Park, Brooklyn, somewhat later, and in 1880 the Manhattan Polo Association, which included the clubs then about New York, came into existence and opened the grounds at Fifth Avenue and iioth Street, where matches were held until 1883. The Polo Association was formed in 1890 to regulate the affairs of the game at the many clubs that had come into being, to handicap the players and to fix the dates of the tournaments. Its rules are accepted as the authoritative, except in California, where the Pacific Coast Polo and Pony Racing Association has adopted the Hurlingham rules, and in Canada. Sir John Watson's team of English players came to this coun- try in 1886 and at Newport, under American rules, won the International Polo Challenge Cup, offered by the Westchester Polo Club. The Americans were Mr. R. Belmont, Mr. Foxhall P. Keene, Mr. W. K. Thorne and Mr. Thomas Hitchcock, Jr. The cup 'remained in the possession of the Hurlingham Club until 1909. In 1900 a scratch team of Americans challenged and met defeat, the players being at the time residents abroad. They were Foxhall P. Keene, W. and L. McCreery and F. J. Mackey. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 87 In 1902 the Polo Association sent a formal challenge. The match, the best two in three games, was played in the spring at Hurlingham. The Polo Association team won the first, 2 goals to I ; the Hurlingham team the second, 6 goals to i, and also the third, 7 goals to i. The teams of four were selected from the Messrs. Patterson Nickalls, Cecil Nickalls, W. S. Buckmaster, E. D. Miller and F. M. Freake, of Hurlingham, and for the. Polo Association from Messrs. Foxhall P. Keene, R. L. Agassiz, Law- rence Waterbury, J. M. Waterbury, Jr., and John E. Cowdin. Early in 1909 H. P. Whitney, as captain, announced that a team from the Meadow Brook Club would visit England to take part in the tournament of the season in an informal way. There was a resolution passed at the annual meeting of the Polo Asso- ciation in April, however, expressing confidence in Mr. Whitney's team and giving authority to him to officially represent the United States if he saw fit to do so in a challenge match for the international cup. He had named the Messrs. J. M. Water- bury, Jr., L. Waterbury, and Devereaux Milburn as the team. There was a challenge forwarded and accepted, and, in a con- ference with the Hurlingham Committee, Mr. L. Waterbury, who had preceded the others to England, agreed on the dates of June 23 and 27 for the first two games; the arrangements for the third to depend on the result of earlier matches. The Meadow Brook men were at practice on the Hurlingham grounds during the last fortnight of May, with the exception of Mr. Milburn. L. E. Stoddard of the New Haven Polo Club and a Meadow Brook member, who had been enjoying winter polo on the Riviera, fortunately arrived in London at this time with his ponies, and he volunteered as back until the coming of Mr. Mulburn, so that there was no need to impress a British player to fill out the team. This line up closed the practice at Hurlingham by a special match with a picked team of the home club's players, who beat the Americans by 8 goals to 2. The result restored the confidence of the British public and players in their poloists. This attitude was not affected by the victory of the Meadow Brooks at Ranelagh on June 5th over the strong Ranelagh team by 7 goals to 2. Mr. Milburn was in his SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 39 place as back, and the Americans had moved to Ranelagh in anticipation of the annual open cup tournament on that field, which began on June 7th. The result of the play attracted atten-. tion to the dashing methods of the visitors in individual and team tactics and to the excellence of their mounts. It banished any feeling of security over the outcome of the international cup matches. In the first round of the Ranelagh tournament Meadow Brook beat the Beauchamp Hall team, that included Foxhall P. Keene and Mr. Stoddard, by 7 goals to 3. The second round brought in Meadow Brook winner by 14 goals to i from the Count de Madre's Tigers, the team consisting of the Count, W. P. Thynne, Col. Chunda Singh and Capt. B. Matthew- Lannowe. Roehampton, one of the best teams in Great Britain, lost to Meadow Brook in the final by 6 goals to i. HOW MEADOWBROOK REGAINED THE CUP. The opening game for the international cup took place as scheduled at the Hurlingham Club on June 23, but the second game, through an unusual sequence of heavy rains, was not held until Monday, July 5. The Meadow Brook formation was the same in both matches, although, on account of an injury to his hand in practice at Ranelagh, on the Saturday before, there was for a time a possibility that Mr. Stoddard would play back in the second match instead of Mr. Milburn. This was the line- up : No. I, L. Waterbury; No. 2, J. M. Waterbury, Jr.; No. 3, H. P. Whitney, Captain ; back, Deveroux Milburn. On the Hur- lingham team were Captain Herbert Wilson, No. i ; F. M. Freaks, No. 2; P. W. Nickalls, No. 3, and Lord Wodehouse, back. The latter was an eleventh hour selection, due to the illness of C. D. Miller, and W. S. Buckmaster being laid up with a broken arm. Capt. E. D. Miller was the American and Major K. MacLaren the Hurlingham umpire in both games, while Capt. J. Hardress Lloyd was referee in the first and W. S. Buckmaster in the second. Meadow Brook won the opening match by 9 goals to 5. The Hurlingham team did not score until the closing of the third period, when the score was 5 to o against them. In the goal- SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 41 making for the Americans the record was 4 for J. M. Water- bury, Jr., 3 for his brother and 2 for Mr. Milburn, while for Hurlingham Mr. Nickalls made 2, Capt. Wilson 2 and Mr. Freaks I goal. In the second game Mr. H. Rich played No. i, instead of Capt. Wilson, for Hurlingham, and Capt. Lloyd replaced Lord Wode- house as back. The score was 8 goals to 2 in favor of Meadow Brook, the cup being regained for America by the aggregate of 17 goals to 7. H. P. Whitney made the only goal in the first period of the second game, and on a free hit from the sixty- yard line as a penalty for a foul adjudged against L. Waterbury, Capt. Lloyd made a goal in the second period for Hurlingham. Now one all, the Americans were on the aggressive in the third period, and, aided by good support from his team-mates, J, M. Waterbury, Jr., made 3 goals. There was no scoring in the fourth period, in which Messrs. Milburn and Whitney were brilliant in defence, half time arriving with the tally 4 goals to i for Meadow Brook. It was 7 to 2 at the beginning of the final period, in which the Americans gained another goal. J. M. Waterbury, Jr., made 5, L. Waterbury 2, and Mr. Whitney i goal, Mr. Rich and Capt. Lloyd doing the scoring for the home team. The games were a society function, aside from their promi- nence in international sport. After the decisive match the Meadow Brook players were presented by the Earl of Ancester to the Prince and Princess of Wales in the royal box. The Prince,, now King George V., congratulated the winners, and handed the international cup, a massive silver trophy two feet high, that cost originally over $1,000, to H. P. Whitney as cap- tain of the successful challengers. THE INTERNATIONAL PONIES. It was conceded by the British players and critics that the Americans won by their hard-hitting, their skill in meeting the ball by a forward stroke, their agility in hitting on either side of the pony and in back-handed plays. An advantage was the familiarity of the Meadow Brook four with the British "onside" SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 43 game— Mr. Whitney through playing while abroad each summer for the grouse shooting; the Waterburys when with the chal- lenging team of 1902, and Mr. Milburn when a student at Ox- ford on the university team. In the 1902 match the challengers used American ponies, and "in heavy going found their mounts to be outclassed by the British nags. When Mr. Whitney made up his mind a couple of years ago to form a Meadow Brook team for the English tourna- ments and as possible international challengers, he became a buyer of the best ponies abroad at long prices. Including three of Mr. Stoddard's, two of which were English-bred and cost him 500 guineas and 350 guineas apiece, Meadow Brook had thirty-two ponies at command. They were under the sole charge of Lawrence Fitzpatrick, Mr. Whitney's polo groom, and it was said at Hurlingham that the foreign ponies would stop, turn and start quicker than they used to before having been in the United States. Of the twenty-nine Meadow Brook ponies those bred in Eng- land numbered thirteen ; in Ireland, five ; in the Argentine Re- public, two, and nine were American. Seventeen, one being Mr. Stoddard's La Sourire, were used in the Hurlingham matches. Two only were bred in the United States. Those used were best in the heavy going, and if a hot, dry spell of weather had been met with, the other American ponies would no doubt have been used ; to have two strings to his bow in this respect revealing the forethought with which Mr. Whitney planned his foreign invasion. The outfit comprised six ponies loaned for the trip by American friends of the team — two by Mr. August Belmont, one by Mr. J. S. Phipps, one by Mr. J. A. Burden and two by Mr. Paul J. Rainey, one of which that stood out being Express, that cost him $3,100 at Mr. Keene's sale in 1908. The ponies used by the Hurlingham men were the pick of Great Britain. The Hon, Frederick E. Guest, who headed the committee on mounts, having at his disposal for the trial and test matches, besides his own ponies, the best in the strings of Mr. Grisar, the Belgian; Count de Madrid, of Spain; Lord Dal- meny. Sir William Bass, Lord Victor Paget, Lord Wodehouse, 44 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. the Duke of Westminster, Capt. Herbert Wilson, and Messrs. Walter Jones, E. B. Sheppard, Frank Bellville, The Grenfells, P. Bullivant, and S. A. Watt and J. McCann, who sent ponies from Ireland. It was the better play and not any social advan- tage in their mounts that won for Meadow Brook. The championship of the Polo Association was instituted in 189s, the trophy being a gold cup presented by Mr. William Waldorf Astor, through the Tuxedo Club, and the junior cham- pionship, the trophy the gift of Mr. Samuel D. Warren, was first played in 1900. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Polo Association Championships 1895 — Prospect Park, won by Myopia Hunt Club team— Messrs. A. P. Gardner, R. L. Agassiz, R. G. Shaw, 2d ; F. Blackwood Fay. 1896 — Prospect Park, won by Rockaway Club team — Messrs. J. S. Stevens, Foxhall P. Keene, John E. Cowdin, G. P. Eustis. 1897 — Prospect Park, won by Meadow Brook Club team — Messrs. W. C. Eustis, H. P. Whitney, Thomas Hitchcock, Jr., Benjamin Nicoll. 1898 — Prospect Park, won by Meadow Brook Club team — Messrs. W. C. Eustis, Thomas Hitchcock, Jr., Columbus C. Bald- win, H. P. Whitney. 1899 — Prospect Park, won by default by Westchester Polo Club, Newport team — Messrs. J. M. Waterbury, Jr., Foxhall P. Keene, John E. Cowdin, Lawrence Waterbury. 1900 — Country Club, Brookline, won by Dedham Polo Club — Allan Forbes, William H. Goodwin, Edward M. Weld, Joshua Crane, Jr. Junior championship, won by Country Club of Philadelphia team— Messrs. J. B. Lippincott, A. E. Kennedy, M. C. Rosen- garten, Jr., J. F. McFadden. 1901 — Country Club, Brookline, won by Lakewood Polo Club team— Messrs. Charles R. Snowden, J. M. Waterbury, Jr., Fox- hall P. Keene, Lawrence Waterbury. Junior championship, won by the Rockaway Club team — Messrs. W. A. Hazard, R. LaMontagne, Jr., R. J. Collier, P. F. Collier. 1902— Saratoga Polo Club, won by Lakewood team, but owing to ineligibility of one player the cups were not awarded.. Junior championship, won by Rockaway Club team — Messrs. A. S. Alexander, R. LaMontagne, Jr.. F. S. Conover, P. F. Collier. 1903— Philadelphia Country Club, won by Country Club of 46 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Westchester team — Messrs. John E. Cowdin, J. M. Waterbury, Jr., H. P. Whitney, Lawrence Waterbury. Junior championship, won by Lakewood Polo Club — George J. Gould, Jay Gould, Kingdon Gould and Benjamin Nicoll. 1904 — Point Judith Club, Narra^ansett Pier, won by Myophia Hunt Club team— Messrs. M. Norman, R. C. Shaw, 2d, R. L. Agassiz and Devereaux Milburn. Junior championship, won by Rockaway Club team — Messrs. W. A. Hazard, D. Chauncey, Jr., R. La Montague, Jr., and P. F. Collier. 1905 — Van Cortlandt Park, did not fill. Junior championship, won by Bryn Mawr team — Messrs. A. Brown, H. W. Harrison, R. E. Strawbrdige and George McFad- din. 1906 — Westchester Polo Club, Newport, won by Meadow Brook team — Messrs. E. S. Reynal, J. M. Waterbury, Jr., L. Waterbury and R. L. Beeckman. Junior championship, won by Bryn Mawr team — W. H. T. Huhn, A. Brown, M. G. Rosengarten and C. K. Snowden. 1907 — Onwentsia Club, Lake Forest, 111., won by Rockaway Club team — Messrs. J. A. Rawlins, R. La Montague, Jr., Foxhall P. Keene and D. Chauncey, Jr. Junior championship, won by Bryn Mawr team — Messrs. A. Brown, L. L. Dowling, W. H. T. Huhn and M. G. Rosengarten. 1908— Van Cortlandt Park, did not fill. Junior championship, won by New Haven Club team — Messrs. J. B. Thomas, Jr., Hugh Drury, L. E. Stoddard, and J. Watson Webb. 1909 — Point Judith Club, Narragansett Pier, won by Meadow Brook Club team— Messrs. J. S. Phipps, J. M. Waterbury, Jr., L. Waterbury and Devereaux Milburn. Junior championship, won by New Haven Club team — Messrs. J. B. Thomas, Jr., Hugh Drury, W. L. Goodwin and L. E. Stoddard, SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 47 The Polo Association The Chairman of the Polo Association is Mr. H, L. Herbert, No. 143 Liberty street, New York City, a position that he has been called on to fill each year since the organization has been in existence. Mr. W. A. Hazard, No. 29 Broadway, New York City, is Secretary and Treasurer. The Committee consists of the Chairman, ex-ificio, and Messrs. R. L. Agassiz, John C. Groome, W. A. Hazard, August Belmont, H. P. Whitney, Joshua Crane, Charles Wheeler and W. W. Keith. OFFICERS AND DATES OF THEIR ELECTION. Chairman— H. L. Herbert, 1890^ to 191 1. Secretary and Treasurer — Douglas Robinson, 1890 to 1893; E. C Potter, 1893 to 1898; W. A. Hazard, 1898 to 191 1. Committee— O. W. Bird, 1890 to 1900; reelected, 1903 to 1910; J. E. Cowdin, 1890 to 1898; T. Hitchcock, Jr., 1890 to 1903; E. C. Potter, 1890 to 1898; Douglas Robinson, 1890 to 1893; R. L. Agassiz, 1893 to 191 1 ; J. C. Groome, 1898 to 191 1 ; W. A. Hazard, 1898 to 191 1 ; George J. Gould, 1900 to 1907; Sidney C. Love, 1904 to 1909; Joshua Crane, 1904 to 191 1; Charles Wheeler, 1904 to 191 1 ; August Belmont, 1907 to 1911 ; W. W. Keith, 1909 to iQii; H. P. Whitney, 1910 to 1911. CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS. 1. Constitution.— The Polo Association shall consist of an Association of Polo clubs, each to be represented by one Dele- gate, who shall elect at the Annual Meeting a Committee of Nine for the term of one year, from the following localities: Four from New York and vicinity, two from Philadelphia and vicinity, two from New England and one from the West. 2. The Committee.— To have the entire control of all matters relating to the Polo Association, and shall be the authority for 48 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. enforcing the rules and deciding all questions relating thereto. They shall have the power to appoint all officials for a term not exceeding their own, and to make such changes in the rules and by-laws as they may consider necessary. The Chairman of the Association shall be a member of the Committee ex-oiHcio. Any decision of the Committee may, however, be changed by a majority vote of the Delegates at a special meeting of same, provided that such reversal shall be made by the Delegates within thirty days after the matter in question has been acted upon by the Committee. Special meetings of the Delegates shall be called upon the written application of any five of the Delegates, and the Secre- tary, shall give at least five days' notice in writing of such meet- ing to each Delegate. 3. Election to Membership. — Every Club and its delegate up for election shall be proposed and seconded in writing by two delegates, and the election may take place at any meeting of the Committee. The election to be determined by ballot. One black ball in five to exclude. When any Club shall withdraw its delegate his successor shall be proposed, seconded and voted for in like manner. 4. Subscription. — Each Club a member of the Association shall pay an annual subscription of $75.00. All subscriptions shall become due and payable in advance on May i of each year. The subscription remaining unpaid after the ist of June is to be considered as in arrear, and no Club whose subscription is in arrear shall enjoy any privileges of the Association nor take part in any game with members in good standing. 5. Meetings. — The Annual Meeting of the Association shall be held on the second Tuesday in February, at such place in New York City as the Committee may designate. The Committee shall meet once a month or oftener, from April to September, inclu- sive. Three members to constitute a quorum at the Committee meetings. 6. Proxies. — In the absence of a Club delegate the President or Secretary of such Club may furnish a written proxy to be used at the meeting for which it is named. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 49 7. Minutes. — Minutes of the proceedings of every meeting shall be taken during their progress by the Secretary; or, in case of his absence, as the Chairman shall direct, and be after- ward copied into a Minute Book, to be kept for that purpose, and after being read at the next meeting, shall be signed by the Chairman of that meeting. 8. The order of business at the Annual Meetings shall be as follows : 1. The noting of the members present. 2. Reading of minutes of last Annual Meeting, and subse- quent special meetings. 3. Reports of Treasurer and other officers. 4. Reports of Special Committees, and consideration of any resolutions attached thereto. 5. Election of officers. 6. Deferred business. 7. New business. The order of business may be suspended on motion, by vote of two-thirds of the members present. 9. Conduct of Members. — In case the conduct^ of a delegate be considered injurious to the character or interest of the Asso- ciation, in the opinion of any five members, who shall certify the same in writing to the Committee, a meeting of the Committee shall be held to consider the case. If a member whose conduct is in question shall not explain the same to the satisfaction of the Committee, or if the Committee, acting as Judges, shall be of the opinion that the member has committed a breach of the Rules of Polo, or of the By-Laws, or been guilty of conduct injurious to the interests of the Associa- tion, which ought not to be condoned, they may call upon such member to resign, or shall request the Club whose representative he is to withdraw him and nominate his successor for election, and in event of their neglecting to do so, the Committee shall have power to expel him and his Club shall be erased from the list of members ; provided, always, that such expulsion shall only be by a majority of two-thirds, at a Committee meeting consisting of not less than five members. 50 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. In any case where the expulsion of a delegate is deemed neces- sary, the decision of the Committee shall be without appeal and the Club so expelled shall have no remedy against the Com- mittee. ID. A delegate may issue free tickets of admission to members of the club he represents good for one week at any Club ground durinsf Association week there. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 61 American Playing Rules GROUND. 1. Ihe ground should be about 900 feet Ions: by 450 feet wide, with a ten-inch guard from end to end on the sides only. GOAL POSTS. 2. The goal posts shall be 24 feet apart, at least 10 feet high, and light enough to break if collided with. BALLS AND MALLETS. 3. The ball shall be of wood, with no other covering than white paint, s% inches in diameter, and not exceeding 5 ounces in weight. Mallets shall be such as are approved by the Committee. PONIES. 4. The height of ponies shall not exceed 14.2. REGISTRATIOxN. 5. Any pony may be protested on the field (if possible before play begins) by the Field Captain of the side against which the pony is offered to be played. Unless a certificate of entry is then produced the Referee shall forthwith measure the pony and decide the protest. If sustained, the pony shall be ruled off the field for the match. Ponies aged five (5) years and upward may be meas- ured and registered for life; ponies under five (5) years may be registered for the current season only. Any member of the com- mittee may measure ponies (not his own) and issue certificates of registry. He shall determine the age of the pony. The Com- mittee may by vote appoint one or more official measurers, who shall have powers hereby given the Committee in respect to the measurement of ponies and the issue of certificates. 52 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 6. The Referee shall exclude from the game any dangerous or vicious pony. 7 No blinkers or spurs with rowels shall be allowed except on special occasions, when sanctioned by the committee. PERIODS. 8. A. In match games between teams of four there shall be eight (8) periods of seven and a half (/J^^) minutes each, unless otherwise agreed. B. In match games between teams of three there shall be six (6) periods of seven and a half {yYz) minutes each, unless other- wise agreed. C. In match games between pairs there shall be four (4) peri- ods of seven and a half (7^^) minutes each, unless otherwise agreed. Three minutes shall be allowed between all periods for change of ponies except in match games between teams of four, when seven (7) minutes shall be allowed at the end of the fourth period (half time). A saddling bell shall be sounded three (3) minutes before the seven (7) minutes have expired. ELIGIBILITY. 9. A member of a club which is a member of the Polo Asso- ciation shall not play any match games with or against any club which is not a member of the Association, nor shall any player play on the team of any club of which he is not a member, except on written consent of the Committee, and the approval of the captains of the teams entered. 10. A player shall be handicapped with but one club at a time. 11. A player shall not play for the same prize on more than one team or pair. Any player in his first tournament events shall be handicapped at not less than one goal and shall so contint'e until changed by the Committee. SPALDING'S ATULETIO LIBRARY. 53 ENTRIES. 12. Entries for tournament events shall be made in writing, naming the probable players and substitutes, and be accompanied by an entrance fee of ten (lo) dollars for each player, which is to be returned if the team plays, otherwise it is forfeited to the Association. Entries absolutely close on the day announced. No conditional entries shall be received. The entrance fee for Championship events shall be one hun- dred (100) dollars for each team. DRAWINGS. 13. The drawings for all tournaments shall be made under the Bagnall-Wilde system. (This consists of playing a pre- liminary round to reduce the number of contesting teams to two, four, eight or sixteen, thus eliminating the bye at once, and put- ting all contestants on the same footing.) UNIFORM. 14. Captains shall not allow members of their teams to appear in the game otherwise than in Club uniform. No one shall be allowed to play in tournament or match games unless he wears a safety helmet or a regulation polo cap. COLORS. 15. The Polo Association colors are white and dark blue. CHAMPIONSHIP. 16. A. There shall be a Senior and a Junior Championship tournament, the latter immediately preceding the former. The Senior Championship shall be open to teams without limit of handicap. The Junior Championship shall be open to teams whose aggregate handicap does not exceed twenty (20) goals, but this limit is simply to define the class, and all games in both classes shall be played without handicap. No player with a higher handicap than five (5) goals on May 15 shall compete in the Junior Championship. 54 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. The handicap governing eligibility to Junior Championship teams shall be that in force May 15 of the year in which the championship events take place. B. In both classes the championships may be won by default, but in such case no individual trophy shall be added. C. Any club which may enter a team in the Senior or Junior Championships of the Polo Association Clubs shall nominate only players directly identified with such club, and the Committee shall be notified of the names of the players composing each team not less than ten days preceding the closing of entries. The Committee shall then decide with which club any player is eligible to compete for the Championship events. The Senior and Junior Championships shall be distinctively separate events. The winners of the Junior Championship shall not have the privilege of an entry in the Senior Championship. The Junior Championship shall be played without handicap. No individual player shall exceed five goals, and the team handi- cap shall not exceed twenty goals. The Senior Championship is open to all, without handicap, in- cluding players who may have been entered for the Junior Cham- pionship. The Senior Championship may precede the Junior if the Com- mittee so decide. FIELD RULES. FIELD CAPTAIN. 1. There shall be a field captain for each team who shall have the direction of positions and plays of his men. He shall have the sole right to discuss with the Referee questions arising during the game and to enter protests with the Referee, provided that a player fouled may claim the foul. Other players shall testify only when requested by the Referee. REFEREE. 2. The two captains shall agree upon a Referee, whose decision shall be final in regard to all questions of actual play, but as re- SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. BS pards eligibility of players, handicaps and interpretation of the General Rules, an appeal may be made by either captain to the Committee whose decision shall be final. TIMER AND SCORER. 3. Two captains shall agree upon a timer and a scorer who shall perform their duties under the dierction of the Referee. GOAL JUDGES. 4. The home captain shall appoint two goal judges, acceptable to the visiting captain, each of whom shall give testimony to the Referee, at the latter's request, in respect to goals and other plays near his goal, but the Referee shall make all decisions. SUBSTITUTE. 5. Each team should have a substitute in readiness to play in case of accident or disqualification. 6. When a player is replaced by a substitute he cannot return to the team the same day, except to take the place of a player who is disabled or disqualified. 7. When a change of players takes place after a game has begun, the handicap of the man having the highest number of goals shall be counted. CLEAR FIELD. 8. Only players and Referee shell be allowed upon the ground during the progress of the game. ENDS. 9. The choice of ends shall be determined by the toss of a coin between the field captains. 10. Ends shall be changed after every goal. THROW-IN. 11. The Referee shall instruct the Timer to give the signal for the commencement of the game. 56 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. The Referee shall then throw in the ball between the con- testants, who shall each be on his own side of the middle line. 12. The Referee may impose a fine, not exceeding $25 each, on any of the members of a team who are not on the ground ready to play at the time announced for the game to begin. TIME LIMIT. 13. Play shall stop immediately at the signal at the end of each period. When play is resumed the ball shall be thrown in at the place where the ball was when the signal was given at the end of the preceding period. When the ball is out of bounds, and the limit of time expires before it is put in play, the period ends. TIE. 14. In the event of a tie at the end of the last period, after the usual interval, the game shall continue in periods of seven and a half (7^) minutes each until a goal or a safety is made or a foul penalized, which shall determine the game. OUT OF BOUNDS. 15. When the ball crosses a side line it is out of bounds, and shall be put in play by the Referee throwing it between the con- testants (lined up as at the beginning of the game) toward the middle of the field, and parallel to the goal lines, at the point where it went over the boards. He shall throw it from outside the side boards. KNOCK-IN. 16. When the ball crosses an end line it is out of bounds, and the side defending the goal at the end is entitled to a knock-in, the ball being placed on the line at the point where it crossed, but in no case nearer to the goal posts or to the side boards than ten feet. 17. A ball must be over and clear of the line to be out. 18. When the player having the knock-in causes delay, the SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARI. 57 Referee may throw a ball on the field and call play. No opponent shall come within fifty (50) feet of the ball, when placed for a knock-in, until the same has been hit by a mallet. As soon as the ball is touched by a mallet, after being placed for a knock-in, it is in play, and subject to the rules of play. SCORE. 19. (a) A goal counts one point. (b) A safety counts minus one-quarter. (c) A foul counts minus one-half; and such other penalty as the Referee may impose. GOAL. 20. A goal is made when the ball goes over and clear of the line between the goal posts, or above the top of the goal posts between centre lines. SAFETY. 21. Whenever a player, either accidentally or intentionally, gives the ball an impetus with his mallet which carries the ball over the goal line he is defending, and it touches nothing except the goal post or the ground after leaving his mallet, it shall be deemed a safety. FOULS. 22. The Referee shall declare any violation of Rules 26, 27 and 28 a foul, when seen by him, without waiting to have it clanned ; or, when not seen by him, upon evidence satisfactory to him. 23. He may suspend the player committing the foul for the match, but he shall also allow the usual penalty of one-half goal. 24. When a foul is allowed by the Referee, he may or may not stop the game, according to his judgment as to the advantage gained or lost by the foul. 25. In case of a player being disabled by a foul so that he is unable to continue, the side which has been fouled shall have the option of providing a substitute, or of designating the player on the opposite side whose handicap is nearest above that of the disabled player, and the former shall thereupon retire from the game. This penalty shall be in addition to those hereinbefore 58 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. provided, and the game shall continue with each side reduced by the above withdrawals. DANGEROUS RIDING. 26. Careless or dangerous horsemanship or a lack of considera- tion for the safety of others is forbidden. The following are examples of riding prohibited under this rule : (a) Bumping at an angle dangerous to a player or to his pony. (b) Zigzagging in front of another player riding at a gallop. (c) Pulling across or over a pony's forelegs in such a manner as to risk tripping the pony. RIGHT OF WAY. 27. A. The right of way is given to the player who has last hit the ball or to the player who has entered safely on the line of the ball between it and the last hitter, or (as against players not in possession of the ball) to the player who is following nearer than any other player the line of direction of the ball. CROSSING. B. A player shall not cross the player having the right ot way, except at an unquestionably safe distance ; nor shall he pull up in front of the latter unless he is far enough ahead to give the latter unquestionably enough time to pull up also ; nor shall he pull up across the latter on any consideration whatsoever. MEETING. 28. Whenever two players are riding in opposite directions for the ball, each shall leave the ball on his off side. OTHER PROHIBITIONS. 29. A, A player shall not strike an adversary or his pony with the hands or mallet, or strike the ball when dismounted. B. A player shall not crook his adversary's mallet, unless he SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 59 is on the same side of the adversary's pony as the ball, or in a dicect line behind, and his mallet is neither over or under the adversary's pony. The mallet may not be crooked unless his adversary is in the act of striking the ball. C. A player shall not put his mallet over or under his ad- versary's pony either in front or behind, or across the pony's forelegs for the purpose of striking at the ball. D. A player shall not seize with the hand, strike or push with the head, hand, arm, or elbow, but a player may push with his shoulder, provided the elbow is kept close to his side. E. A player requiring a mallet, pony, or assistance from an outside person, during the game shall ride to the end or side lines to procure it. No person shall come on the field to assist him. F. A player shall not hold the ball in his hand, arm, or lap, nor shall he kick or hit the ball with any part of his person. He may, however, block the ball with any part of his person or with his pony. FINES. 30. The Referee shall also have the power to impose a fine (the amount to be determined by the Committee) on any team or member of a team failing to appear within reasonable time of the hour narned for the events for which they have entered, or for any misconduct or violation of the rules during the progress of the game, and shall report the same in writing to the Committee for enforcement. ACCIDENT. 31. In case of an accident to a player or to a pony, or to a pony's gear, which in the opinion of the Referee involves danger to a player, he shall stop the game. It shall not be stopped for a broken or lost mallet, stirrup leather, curb chain, or martingale (unless liable to trip a pony). BROKEN BALL. 32. When a ball is broken or trodden into the ground in a manner to be unserviceable, in the opinion of the Referee, or 60 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. when it strikes the Referee or his pony so as, in his opinion, to afifect the game seriously, he shall stop the game, and may sub- stitute another ball by throwing it toward the middle of the field between the players at the point where the event occurred. REFEREE'S WHISTLE. S3. In all the above cases the play is not suspended until the Referee's whistle blows, but the game shall be considered stopped at the time the event occurred. The ball, when placed again in play, shall be thrown by the Referee toward the middle of the field at the point at which the ball was when the event occasion- ing the suspension of the game occurred. FAILURE TO FINISH. 34. In the event of a game being stopped by darkness, or for any cause which prevents a finish the same day, it shall be re- sumed at the point at which it stopped, as to score and position of the ball, at the earliest convenient time, unless settled other- wise by agreement between the captains. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Polo About the World Pofo still flourishes in India, where the game originated. There is an India Polo Association and tournaments in the season with entries from native and British regimental teams. The army players are the mainstay of the South African Polo Asso- ciation and of the game in Australia, Bermuda, Malta and Egypt. American and English residents play polo in China and Japan. The game is established in France, with annual tournaments of importance at Paris, Ostend and Cannes, and also in Spain, Belgium, Hungary, Italy, Austria, Germany and Russia. In South America the game is best established in the Argentine Republic, and nearly every winter one or more British teams go there for matches. There were forty-eight tournaments in Great Britain during 1909, including the international, and 290 teams took part in them. The largest entry was of fifteen teams for the County Cup at Wembly Park and of fourteen for the Inter-Regimental Cups at Hurlingham. It was an unusually rainy season, and on that ac- count Hurlingham had to abandon twenty-nine days out of a possible seventy-nine, Ranelagh twenty-four of a possible fifty- four, and Roehampton had thirty-two blank days. Of leading competitions, Kingsbury won the County Cup ; Cambridge the inter-University match for the third consecutive year ; the Eleventh Huzzars won the Inter-Regimental and were runners- up to Roehampton for the Championship Cup, while the best of the open tournaments was at Ranelagh, and was won by Meadow Brook. Dates for thirty-three clubs have been recorded for 1910, which means the usual average of about fifty cup events. ^ Polo in Great Britain is managed by the Hurlingham Club Polo Com- mittee of fifteen, of whom there are representatives of the County Polo Association, Army Polo Association, Roehampton, Irish Polo Association, Indian Polo Association, South Africa Polo 62 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. Association and Ranelagh. The committee fills the place of the Polo Association in this country with a wider jurisdiction. The London Polo Clubs are Hurlingham, now in its thirty- seventh season, Ranelagh and Roehampton, the three affiliated with the County Polo Association ; the PTouse of Commons Club, which plays at Wembley, and the Private Gunnersbury Club on Mr. de Rothschild's estate. Including Cambridge and Oxford there are forty county clubs with grounds in England and Wales ; ten in Ireland and two in Scotland. There are eleven army clubs in England and one in Ireland. Hurlingham's season is from May I to July 31, with games daily, except Sunday. The tournaments are cosmopolitan, whether the United States is represented or not, for teams play ea:h year from India, Madrid, Budapest, Ostend, Belgium, the Ghezireh Club at Cairo and from the Argentine Republic. OFFICIAL RULES FO R ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS. The following list contains the Group and the Number of the book of Spalding's Athletic Library in which the rules wanted are contained. See front pages of book for complete list of Spalding's Athletic Library. Event. All-Round Athletic Cham- pionship A. A. U. Athletic Rules .... A. A. U. Boxing Rules A. A. U. Gymnastic Rules.. A. A. U. Water Polo Rules. A. A. U. Wrestling Rules. . . Archery Badminton Base Ball Indoor Basket Ball, Official Collegiate Women's Water Basket Goal Bat Ball Betting Bowling Boxing— A. A. U.. Marquis of Queensbury, London Prize Ring Broadsword (mounted) Caledonian Games Canoeing Children's Games Court Tennis Cricket Croquet Curling Dog Racing Fencing Foot Ball Code of Rules Association (Soccer) English Rugby Canadian Golf Golf -Croquet Hand Ball Hand Polo Hand Tennis Hitch and Kick Hockey Ice Field Garden Lawn Parlor Ring • •••. Ontario Hockey Ass n. . . Indoor Base Ball Intercollegiate A. A. A. A. . I.-C. Gymnastic Ass'n Lacrosse U. S. I.-C. Lacrosse League No. 162 55 55 23 189 194 3 138 14 55 165 2 334 2a 55 332 5 188 13 188 194 55 304 6 154 188 188 188 55 256 9 307 333 201 337 Event. Lawn Bowls Lawn Games Lawn Tennis Obstacle Races Olympic Game Events — Mar- athon Race, Stone Throw- ing with Impetus, Spear Throwing, HellenicMethod of Throwing Discus. Dis- cus, GreekStylef or Youths Pigeon Flying Pin Ball Playground Ball Polo (Equestrian) Polo, Rugby Polo. Water(A. A. U.).. Potato Racing Professional Racing, Shef- field Rules Public Schools Athletic League Athletic Rules Girls' Branch; including Rules for School Games Push Ball IPushBall, Water Quoits Racquets Revolver Shooting Ring Hockey Roller Polo Roller Skating Rink Roque Rowing Sack Racing Shuffleboard Skating Skittles Snowshoeing [Squash Racquets Swimming Tether Tennis Three-Legged Race Volley Ball Wall Scaling Walking Water Polo (American) Water Polo (English) Wicket Polo Wrestling Y. M. C. A. All-Round Test Y. M. C. A. Athletic Rules. . Y. M. C. A. Hand Ball Rules Y.M.C.A. Pentathlon Rules. Y.M.C.A. Volley Ball Rules. No. 207 188 4 55 55 55 55 306 199 55 311 311 55 313 314 170 55 167 194 55 180 10 10 271 128 55 55 209 56 55 194 177 188 55 188 55 55 311 55 188 236 302 302 302 302 308 a ?eTHE SPALDING TRADEMARK "^Sf :3 ^^"^^ colors mentioned, we also supply any ol the sweaters listed on this page (except Nos. 3J, COW i3rIjV/lnL UIi.1/IjRi3 and 3JB;, without extra charge, on special orders only, not carried in stock, in any ol the lollowing colors: YELLOW OLD COLD SEAL BROWN DRAB WHITE CARDINAL PINK , COLUMBIA BLUE OLIVE GREEN ORANGE MAROON NAVY BLUE " PEACOCK BLUE IRISH GREEN . PLACK SCARLET ROYAL BLUE DARK GREEN PURPLE Other colors to order only in any quality 5Gc. each extra. SPECIAL NOTICE-We will furnish any of the solid color sweaters listed on this oage with one color body and another color (not striped) collar and cuffs in any of the abowe colors on special order, at no extra charge. This doe* not apply to the Nos. 3J or 3JB Sweaters. SPALDING SPECIAL JACKET SWEATERS No CDW. Good quality woisted, ribbed knit Camed in stock in Gray only. Supplied on special orders in JNavy Blue or White only. Ti immed edging and cuffs in colots as noted above on special orders only. Each, 9&.00 it $5 J, 00 Doz, Boys' Jacket Sweater No. 3J. Standard Weight, Shaker knit, pearl buttons. Carried in stock and supplied only in Plain Gray. iJach, S3.50 * $39.00 Doz. Spalding Vest Collar Sweater No. 3JB. Boys' jacket sweater, with pearl buttons, furnished only in sizes from 30 to 36 inches chest measurement. Carried in stock- and supplied only in Plain Gray. Each, S3. GO * $33.00 Doz. No BG. Best quality worsted, good weight; with eAtreme open or low neck. Carried in stock in Gray or White only. See list above of colors supplied on special orders. ' ' £ach, $6.50 * $60.00 Doz. The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with * will be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or more. Quantity -prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with * PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I ANr COMMUNICATIONS ADDRESSED TO US A. G.SPALDING & BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK 'prices in effect July 5, 1910. Subject to chalet without notice. For Canadian prices see special Canadian Catalogue Sr THE SPALDING TRADE-MARK TuAuif o SPALDING COAT JERSEYS ^ Following sizes carried in stock regolarly in all qualities : 28 to 44 inch chest. Other sizes at an advanced price. We alloiv two inches for stretch in all our Jerseys, and sizes are marked accordingly. It i s sug gested, however, that for very heavy men a size about two inches larger than -^-—^ coat measurement be ordered to insure a comfortable fit. -^ss^ The Spalding Coat Jerseys are made of the same worsted yarn from which we manu- facture our better grade Jerseys, Nos. lOP and 12P, and no pains have been spared to turn them out in a well made and attract- ive manner. Plain solid colors (not striped) ; or one solid color body and sleeves, with different color solid trim- ming (not striped) on cuffs, collar and front edging. Pearl buttons. liiiiii Nos. IOC and 12C STOCK COLORS : Solid Gray, Gray trimmed Navy, Gray trimmed Cardinal, Gray trim- med Dark Green. See list below oi colors supplied on special orders. No. I OC. Same grade as No. lOP. I No. I 2C. Same grade as No 12P. I No. 1 OCP. Pockets, otherwise same ■Each, $3.50 * $36.00 Doz. I Each. $3.00 * $S0.0O Doz. lasNo.lOC. Ea.,»4.00* ^42.00 Doz. CPFf^l/IT nPnrDC ^ addition to slock colors mentioned we also supply any oi Uie jerseys listed on this |fage, without OF liiV/lnL Ulil/EliiJ extra charge, on special orders only— not carried in stock-in any ol the (allowing colors: Gray Black Maroon Cardinal Royal Blue ^ Peacock Blue Olive Green Pink Yellow Old Gold Orange White Scarlet Navy Columbia Blue Dark Green Irish Green Purple Seal Brown Drab PLAIN COLORS-The above colors are supplied in our worsted jerseys (NOT Nos I2XB, 6*r 6X; at regular prices. Other colors to order only in any quality (EXCEPT Nos. I2XB, 6 or 6X) 25c. each extra. STRIPES AND TRIMMINGS— Supplied as specified in any ol the above colors (not more than two colors in any garment) at regular prices. Other colors to order only in any quality (EXCEPT Nos. I2XB. 6 or 6X) 25c. each extra. SPALDING STRIPED AND V-NECK JERSEYS No. I OPW. Good quality worsted, same grade as No. lOP. Solid color body and sleeves, with 6-inch stripe around body. •Each, $3.25 ^ $33.00 Doz. Stock Colors: Black and Orange, Kavy and White, Black and Red, Gray and Cardinal, Royal Blue and While, Columbia Blue and White, Scarlet and White, Navy and Cardinal, Maroon and While. Second color mentioned is lor body stripe. See list above ol colors supplied on special orders. Nos. 10PWand12PW No. i2PW. Worsted; solid stock color body and sleeves with 6-inch stock color stripe around body. Colors same as No. IVPW. Each, $2.7 5 -^ $30.00 Doz. No. I OPX. Good quality worsted, fashioned ; solid stock color body, with stock color striped sleeves, usually alternating two inches of same color as body, with narrow stripes of any other stock color. Colors same as No. lOPW. Each, $3.25 -A- $33.00 Doz. N0.12PV No. 1 2PV. Worsted, solid stock colors, with V-neck instead of full collar as on regular jerseys. Stock colors: Navy Blue, Black, Maroon and Gray. See list above of colors supplied on special orders. Each, $2.75 • $30.00 Doz. No. 1 2PX. Worsted, solid color body, with striped sleeves, usually alternating two inches of same color as body, with narrow stripes of some other color. Colors same as No. lOPW. Nos. 10PX and 12PX Each, $2.75 • $30.00 Doz. PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE ^ The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with ir tuill be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or more. Quantity pnces NOT allowed on items NOT marked with ir PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN TO I ANY COMMUNICATIONS ADDRESSED TO US A. G. SPALDING & BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK 'Petcci in effect July 5. 1910. Subject to change without notice. For Canadian ptica sec specia/ Canadian Catalonue. TE THE SPALDING TRADEMARK "^K^v^^ Spalding ncw and improved worsted Jefscy s Followlns sizes carried In stock rcsnlarly In all qnalltlcs; 28 to 44 Inch chest. We allow two inches Jor stretch in all our Jerseys, and sizes are marked accordingly. It is suggested, however, that Jor very heavy men a size about two inches larger than coat measurement be ordered to insure a comfortable ft. Jerseys are being used now more and more by foot ball players instead of canvas jackets. On account of the special Spalding knit, they are very durable, ar\d at the same time they of er no restraint on the free movements of the player. STOCK ffllORS PLAIN COLORS— We c«rry in slock SlUCn CULUKS ,^ ^„ SfB\iiB9 Stores oar line ol i«orslt4 Jerseys (NOT Nos. I2XB, 6 or 6X) in following colors: White Black Maroon Navy Bine Gray Cardinal CnDpial OpiIdPC We«lsolamish.wilhoolexlni<*«r5e, OpCvlal Vl UCl 3 on special orders only, no) carried in stock and NOT supplied in Nos. I2XB, 6 or 6X, the following colors : Orange Dark Green Yellow Scarlet Olive Green Seal Brown Royal Blue Irish Green Old Gold Colambia Blue Pink Drab Peacock Blue Purple Other colors than as noted above to order only In any qnallty ( EXCEPT Nos. I2XB, 6 and 6X I, 25c. each extra. N. B — We designate three shades which are sometimes called RED. These are Scarlet. Cardinal and Maroon. Where RED is specified on order. Cardinal will be supplied. No. I P. Full regular made; that is, fashioned or knit to exact shape on the machine and then put together by hand, altogether different from cutting them out of a piece of material and sewing them up on a machine as are the majority of garments known as Jerseys, Special quality worsted. Solid colors. . .Each. 9^. OO -k $42.00 Doz. No. I OP. Worsted. fashioned. Solid colors. " 3.00*^50.00 " No. I 2P. Worsted; solid colors. . . ■ 2. GO -k $25.20 " No. I 2XB. Boys' Jersey. Worsted. Furnished in sizes 26 to 36 inches chest measurement only. Solid colors only : White. Navy Blue. Black. Gray and Maroon. No special orders. Each, $2.00 * $21.00 Doz. SPECIAL NOTICE We will fumisn any of the above solid color Jerseys {except Nos. 12XB, 6 and 6X), with one color- body and another color (not striped) collar and cnffs in s.tock colors only at no extra charge. Nos. IP, 10P and 12P I9id Spalding Cotton Jerseys No. 6. Cotton, good quality, fashioned, roll collar, full length sleeves. Cc'ors: Black, Navy Blue, Gray and Maroon only. Each. S I .OO • $10.80 Doz. No. 6X. Cotton, same as No. 6. but with striped sleeves in following combinations only: Navy with White or Red stripe; Black with Orange or Red stripe; Maroon with White stripe. Each, S 1 .25 • $13.20 Doz. Woven Letters, Numerals or Designs We uxaoe into our best grade Jcrseya, No. IP. Leilen. NumeraU and Designs in special colors OS desired. Prices quoted on application. Designi submitted. PRICES SUBJECT TO ADVANCE WITHOUT NOTICE The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with * tvill be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or more. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with * PROMPT AHENTION GIVEN TO I ANY COMMUNICATIONS AOORESSED TO US A. G.SPALDING &, BROS. STORES IN ALL LARGE CITIES i FOR COMPLETE LIST OF STORES SEE INSIDE FRONT COVER OF THIS BOOK ■Prtces in effect ful'/ 5, 1910. Suhjecl In change without notice. For Canadian pricv ice special Canadian Cotalngu sSiS THE SPALDINGlBJTRADEMARK'^Sf The <^ -^ • ^^