%:J' uat: ,-i^ • 4 Hi ^ 1 ^ i- 1 - 1^' - 1^ BESANCON'S ANNUAL REGISTER STATE OF MISSISSIPPI, FOR THE YEAR 1838. COMPILED FROM O'klGINAL DOCUMENTS AND ACTUAL SURVEYS ; A FULL EXHIBIT OF ALL THE TABULAR AND STATISTICAL INFORMATION WHICH IT WAS POSSIBLE TO OBTAIN FROM AUTHENTIC SOURCES. L. I. NATCHEZ: PUBLISHED BY I, . A. BESAN<;;ON. 1838. Errata.. — Page 216, 17th line from top, for ♦' surplus watei'''^ read sulphur wafer. After page 211, the two suc- ceeding pages should be 212, 213, instead of "112" and "113." V "^W '■\ ar^ CONTENTS I. Introduction. II. Astronomical. — Eclipses — The Calendar, Chronological Cycles — Signs of the Zodiac — The Seasons — Church Festivals — Jewish and Maholne- tan Calenders — Natchez Meteorological Table— ^ Almanac. III. United States General Government - - 37 Constitution -.--.--37 Amciuhnents - -- - - - -48 United States Alien Laws - - - - 50 Alioi^Laws of the States - - - - 52 United States Executive - - - - - 57 Cabinet and Heads of Bureaus - - - 57 Dcpartuicnt of State - - - - - 57 Patent Office ------- 57 Treasury Department - - - - - 58 War Department ------ 58 Army List -----■=-59 Navy Department ------ 61 Vessels of War - - - - - - 62 General Post Office Department - - - 62 Rates of Postage - - - - - - 63 The Judiciary - - - - - - 65 IV. Government of the State of Mississippi. Constitution --..... 66 Executive -----..- 85 Legislature, Senafe - - - - - 85 Representatives ---.-- 87 Judiciary ---..--91 Circuit Court, times of session, - - - 02 CONTENTS. Page. Criminal Court - - - - - - 93 Post Offices, with names of Postmasters - - 94 Census of eighteen hundred and thirty-seven - 99 Election returns, November, 1837 - - - 102 Election returns, July, 1837, - - - - 105 Militia organization 106 V. Description of Counties. Adams 117 Amite -.-.-..- 122 Attala - - - 123 Bolivar 125 Carroll 126 Choctaw 128 Coahoma ------- 129 Chickasaw ...---- 130 Clarke 131 Copiah - - 132 Covington ------- 133 Claiborne ^ ----- - 135 De Soto 137 Franklin - . - - - - - - 138 Green - - -- - - - - 139 Holmes 142 Hancock -..--.- 143 Hinds 146 Itawamba 148 Jackson - - - - - - - -149 Jasper - - - -- - " ' 1'^'^ JetTcrson - - 1^^ Jones - - - - - - - -156 Kemper - - - - - - - -157 Leake - - - - -' - -1^8 Lowndes ------- 15J Lauderdale ..----- 16d Lawrence ------- lo5 Lafayette ' ^^"^ CONTENTS. Fage. Madison 169 Marshall ' - 171 Marion I73 Monroe - - I74 Neshoba 175 Newton 176 Noxubee 177 Oktibbeha - - - - - . - 178 Pike 185 Pontotoc 186 Ponola - - - - - - - - 187 Perry 188 Rankin 191 Simpson - - - - - - - 195 Scott - - - - - . . . 197 Smith 198 Tunica 199 Tippah 200 Tallahatchie 202 Tishemingo ---.._. 204 Wayne 205 Warren 207 Washington 208 Wilkinson 209 Winston 211 Yazoo 213 Yalobusha 215 Newspapers and Periodicals - - - - 217 Churches, Protestant Episcopal — Metho- dist Episcopal — Baptist, and Presbyterian - 220 Banks in Mississippi. 229 INTRODUCTION. In a coimnuuity so intelligent and enquiring as the Ame- rican, it becomes necessary to minister to the desire of in- formation, and to furnish, in a comprehensible and accessi- ble form, such statistics of local interest as may be relied on for accuracy, and be useful to all conditions in society.- T*o supply a deficiency, to represent this department of li- terature in this state, to assist the traveller and stranger in forming a true estimate of the almost boundless agricultu- ral resources of our country, to guide the immigrant to his future home of peace and plenty, are the objects sought by this pul)lication. How well we have acliieved our pur- pose remains to be seen. In the commencement of an annual volume, as this is designed to be, many important items of intelligence may escape the notice of the publisher; many of his anticipat- ed sources of information may fail, — and the debut can hardly be the measure of the future excellence of the Vv'ork;— still the design may be appreciated and its ap- proaches to perfection approved and rcAvarded by a gener- ous public. As promised in the Prospectus, the Annual Register of the State of Mississippi, for 1838, contains an Ahnanac, calculated for the meridian of Natchez; a copy df the constitution of the United States, with the various amendments; the United States alien and naturalizatioii laws, together with the several state laws on the same sub- ject; the officers of the general gcvermncnt, heads and clerks of bureaus and departments ; a iyc,vy and army list; the constitution of the state of Mississippi as amended; the executive, legislative, judicial find military depart- ments of the state government; list of post ofiices in the state; various election returns; a comjjlete and original ga- z'eteer of the fifty-six counties in the state, emlnaciiig va- luble statistical information, in respect to pojMilation, pro- ducts, chief-towns, rivers, lakes, bayous and natural or ar- tificial curiosities; list of churches of various denomina- tions, with the names of clergymen officiating in each; list of the newspapers and periodical publications of the state; lo which is prefixed a sectional map of \>he state, showing INTRODUCTION. the course of streams, the county divisions and locations of the principal towns. The disadvantages under which the publisher has la^ bored in getting out this first volume are some deficiencies in the map Avhich Avas compiled at New-York from origi- nal drafts of the various land oflice surveys in the state. Many of these surveys being yet incomplete, some streams and bayous are apparently broken in their course, not hav- ing been surveyed throughout their whole extent. These imperfections will, as far as possible, be remedied in the map of the second volume. The delay in the appearance of the first volume has ari-. sen from circumstances beyond the control of the pub- lisher, and will be obviated in the future volumes of the Register. It is proposed to make the Annual Register more valua« ble in the succeeding volumes by inserting in them from year to year, in continuation, an original history of the state of Mississippi. More than one hundred pages of the second volume will be devoted to this object. The necessity of an annual volume like this, as a book of reference to every citizen engaged in business, as well as to travellers and speculators, will be apparent to all. It is needed to develope the resources of the State; to giv- useful information to the immigrant, and to embody, in an accessible compass, such valuable statistics as can be ob- tained from no other source. Laying aside the considerations of utility, the feeling of Stale pride would be a sufiicient motive to sustain a publi- cation so Vv'cll calculated to show, at a view, the popula- tion, agricultural wealth and almost boundless rcsourceg of the Stale. The annual publication of the Register (the oontinuation of which depends upon the patronage of the first year) will give the publisher ample opportunity to keep up with the improvements of the Slate, and make his succeeding volumes the annual records of the advance of society in mercantile pursuits, in education, and all that embellishes life. The Register is printed Avith ne^y type, on fine paper in the duodecimo form, bound like the American Almanac, and other annuals of the class. The price of the Register, including the sectional map of the State, to subscribers Avill be FIVE DOLLARS, payable on delivery of the volume. Large discounts will be made to agents who become responsible for a number gf volumes, or Ayho purchase it to sell again. INTRODUCTION. A limited number of advertising pages is appended to the Register for the advantage of friends who may have desired their advertisements to penetrate every part of the State. Terms of advertising, One Dollar a line. ALMANAC. CALCULATED FOR THE MERIDIAN OF NATCHEZ. Latitude thirty-one degrees and thirty-four minutes north. Longitude in degrees; ninety-one degrees and twenty-four minutes, forty-two seconds Avest; Longitude, in time, 6 hours 5 minutes, thirty-eight seconds. Distance from Washington City, 1146 miles. ECLIPSES. There will be four Eclipses during the year 1838 — two of the Sun, and two of the Moon. Two only, one of the Sun, and two of the Moon, will be visible in the United States. 1. There will be an Eclipse of the Sun on Sunday, March 25th, wholly invisible in the United States. 2. There will be an Eclipse of the Moon on the 9th of April, in the evening, visible. Beginning, " " " Middle, Ecliptical opposition, " " End. " " ': Duration, Quantity 7A digits on the Moon's northern limb. 3. There will be an Annular Eclipse of the Sun on Tuesday, September 18th, in the afternoon, visible. Beginning, " " " Greatest obscuration, " " End, Duration, Quantity 9i digits on the Sun's northern limb. 4. There will be an eclipse of the Moon, on Wednesday, Oct. 3. — invisible throughout the United States. H. M. 6 ^ 7 51 7 59 9 18 2 54 H. M. 2 4 3 33 4 53 2 49 "I mmatmaaaBBSBssssssss , m mssssssesssBoasssami I. THE CALENDAR AND CELESTIAL PHENOMENA FOR THE YEAR. SIGNS OF THE PLANETS, &c. O The Sun. S Mars. J Cere«. (g) The Earth. ft Vesta. 2/ Jupiter. ©DOC The Moon. 5 Juno. ^2 Saturn. ? Mercury. FaUas. fi Herschel or 9 Venus. Uranus. 6 Conjunction, or having the same Longitude or Right Ascension, n Quadrature, or differing 90^* in *• " § Opposition ♦' 180° in " «< SI The ascending, '^ the descending node. CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES. Dominical Letter G Epact 4 Lunar Cycle, or Golden No. 15 Solar Cycle Roman Indiction Julian Period tJ7 11 6551 SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC. Spring Signs. Summer Signs. ri. T -{ 2. « IB. n Aries. Taurus. Gemini. 55 Cancer. SI Leo trjj Virgo. Autumn Signs. Winter Signs 7. tifa Lifera. 8. tti Scorpio. (_ 9. / Sagitarius. 10. yjCapricornus JS" Aquarius. X Pisces. f 10. ^11. 1 13. BEGINNING AND LENGTH OF THE SEASONS. Sun enters V5 (Winter begins) 1837, Dec 21 « •• cy. Spring 1838, Mar 20, « «• £5 (Summer ^' June 21, =s= (Autumn " Sept 22, h m 6 37 8 59 5 2 18 5 V5 (Winter n.. 2 11 }>'§t; 1 2\^J a'" Dec. 21, 13 17 50J 89 Sun in the Winter Signs " " Spring . . . , " •' Summer . . r . 93 " " Autumn . . . . 89 _ " north of Fquator (Spring & Summer) 186 10 50 3 « south " (Winter & Autumn) 178 18 50 46 h. m. s. 1 23 58 92 21 1 12 13 48 51 17 26 48 Length of the tropical year, commencing"! at the winter solstice 1837, and termi- 1365 5 40 49 naling at the winter solstice 1838, J Mean or average length of the tropical year 365 5 48 48 MOVABLE FESTIVALS OF THE CHURCH IN 1838. Septuagesima Sunday Feb 1 1 Quinq. or Shrove " ♦' 25 Ash. Wed. 1 day in Lent, 28 Mid Lent Sunday, March 25 Palm Sunday April 8 Easter Sunday " 15 Low Sunday 22 Rogation Sunday May 20 Ascen.Day,orHoly Th. 24 Whitsunday or Fen't, June 3 Trini y Sunday ** 10 Corpus Christi day *• 14 Advent Sunday Dec. 2 JEWISH CALENDER. [The anniversaries marked with an asterisk (*) as strictly obserred.] Year. Names of the Months. 5598 Thebat begins . . . . " " lOlh Fast for the Siege of Jerusalem, " Sebat begins . . . " Adar begins . . « "11 th Fast of Esther " " 14th ♦Puiim " " 15th Schuscan Purim . " Nisan begins " " 15th *Beginning of the Passover " " 16th *Second Ftast or Morrow of the Passover, " "21 St *Seventh Feast, " " 22d *End of tae Passover, " Ijar begins . . , " •' 18th Lagbeomer . " Sivan begins " " 6th *Feast of Weeks or Pentecost " " 7lh * Second Feast Dec'r 29, 1837. Jau'y 7, 1838, 27, " Feb'y 26, " March 8, " 11, " 12, " 27 " April 10, " 16, 17, 26, May 13, 25, 30, 31, ■tSB? Year. Names of the Months, 5593 Thammas beg ns . . . . ** " 17th Fast for the taking of the Temple " Ab begin* .... « « 9th •Fast for the burning of the Temple " EIul begins .... 5599 Tisri begins ♦Feast for the New Year " " 2d *Sec()n(l Feast for the New Year Fast of Gedrtljah •Fast of the Reconciliation or Atonement . . •Feast of the Huts or Tabernacles Oct'r *Seconil Feast . . Feast of Palms of Branches •End of the Hut or Congrega- tion Fast *Rcj)icing for the Discovery of the Law . . Marchesvan begins . * Chisleu begins . . , . " 25ih Consecration of the Temple . Thebet begins .... " lOih Fast for the Siege of Jerusalem Sebat begins .... 4th 10th 15th I6th 21st 22d 23d June 24, ti July 10, « 23, « ) 31, « Aug. 22, it Sept 20, 1838 21, « 23, <( 19, hs ' 2. a ^ S S ' a ^ s; ^ 1 52 54 55 29.72 29.63 29.67 1 50 56 GO 29.85 29.85 29.86 2 38 40 42 29.85 29.86 29.87 2 47 54 62 29.85 29.85 29.80 3 30 38 42 29.85 29.80 29.76 3 48 56 61 29.77 29.76 29.69 4 41 56 60 29.52 29.47 29.48 4 55 57 63 29.62 29.53 29.55 5 46 45 45 29.67 29.68 29.70 5 53 57 63 29.68 29.73 29.70 e 37 43 46 29.92 29.93 29.94 6 58 65 68 29.74 29.66 29.58 7 38 44 50 29.97 29.97 29.88 7 59 63 66 29.64 29.58 29.55 8 44 48 47 29.80' 29,67 29.63 8 48 51 52 29.58 29.59 29.63 9 49 52 57 29.46 29.45 29.40 9 39 47 52 29.79 29.83 29.85 10 44 50 53 29.60 29.70 29.70 10 43 50 50 29.88 29.85 29,80 11 41 44 49 29.90 29.98 29.88 11 47 52 54 29.86 29.85[29.80 12 39 39 39 29.66 29.66 29.60 12 46 52 57 29.98 30.0329.98 13 34 33 32 29.78 29.80 29,83 13 44 50 58 30.06 30.0229.97 14 31 34 38 29.95 29.37 29.98. 14] 53 56 57 29.74 29.6929.50 15 28 36 42 30.00 29.96 29.98 15 55 60 67 30.62 29.58 29.45 16 34 44 52 29.88 29.80 29.70 16 46 44 44 29.70 29.74 29,75 17 48 59 65 29.57 29.46 29.42 17 36 40 44 29.93 30.03 30,06 18 49 53 65 29.50 29.53 29.44 18 33 40 46 30.23 30.10 .30.12 19 51 60 69 29.50 29.50l29.50 19 43 52 57 29.98 29.90 29.83 »0 61 67 56 29.57 29.60 29.65 20 56 57 61 29.73 29.77 39.73 21 38 46 55 29.85 29.76 29.72 21 53 54 59 29.78 29.77 29.66 22 45 50 56 29.72 29.74 29.75 22 57 61 65 29.57 29.54 29.44 23 48 56 63 29.77 29.78 29.76 ■23 57 53 53 29:58 29.68 29.75|| 24 56 48 46 29.77 29.84 29.88 24| 45 49 51 29.88 29.93 29.90 25 42 40 38 29.87 29.85 29.82 25, 46 51 59 29.92 29.96 29.80 26 33 40 48 29.84 29.83 29.82 26 52 52 50 29.77 29.68 29.63 27 40 52 57 29,83 29,77 29.77 27 47 48 50 29.57 29.70 29.77 28 44 55 60 29.84l29.75 29 70 28 36 48 52 29.93 29.93 29.62 29 45 55 63 29.55)29.48 29.41 30 48 53 57 29.42 29.54 29.54 1 31 45 55 48 64 51?1 29.6ij 129.76 29.64 29.60 1 ^ 57 29.63 Avg42i 29.78 29,72 It Av'g49 29.72 29.65| In the month of January there were 1 1 clear days — 7 cloudy — 9 rainy —2 fogE ry, and 2 snowy. There was thunder on the 20th. Snow did not fall £ la th ufficient to whiten the earth. E month of February there were 8 clear days — 8 cloudy — 10 rainy an d 2 foggy. It thundered on the 6th, and on the 22nd. There < was no e now during the month. The wind was high a number of days. L^jii.i^.^j^ i i^jebjaa i iiwwJBjtaMiUrja-ua.jwtgiii'a.t^iW^ APRSIL, 183T, Baronieler. 29.85 29.S6 29.SS 29.76hi9.74 29.66 29.58 '29.53 29.44 29.34 29.28 29.18 29.42j29.46 29.44 29.42:29.;'0 29.28 29 6329.64 29.57 29.6S 29.69 29.66 29.77 29.75 29.72 29.65 23.60 29.57 29.6S'29.74 29.70 29.78 29.80 29.74 29.72'29.6S 29.63 29 .55'29.46 29.44 29 10!i9.13 29.42 29..'j6 29.66 29.65 29 83 29.88 29.83 29.86 29.90 29.85 29 83-;9.85 29.80 29 83 29. 78 29.74 29.73 29.70 29.66 29 66 2'J.*j5 29.58 29.62 29.66 29.65 29.74 29 73 29.70 29.77 29.81 29.76 29.7g'29. 80 29.76 29 85 29.87:29.86 29 9l'30.— I29.9G 30.03, 39.03' 29.98 29.94 29.94,29.86 -;l;- .\vg54J160l 641 29.70l29.67i29.69^ Av'g57 65 71ij 29.71,29.68129.67 In the month of March (here were 7 clear days — 7 cloudy^ — 12 rainy and 5 hazy. There was no snow or thunder during the moalh. The former part of the month was rainy, the middle cloudy and windy, and the latter part clear. There were 11 clear days in the month of April, 14 cloudy iHd 5 rainy. - ■•■ra »rirff ^--^'s»'^'«''g='^----'i'-'^^jg^^''=>'^°^f'»*'^ yTWBt.TTgTririini'aBtae?^ BiMAjag eBBB MAY leST, JUNE 183T. « The rmo'r. | w CO a: c 3 t-5 ■3 ►^_ g ■sJ CB 1 63 74 80 2 64 75 81 3 65 77 8! 4 71 80 85 5 75 30 36 6 74 72 72 7 59 67 76 8 60 75 85 9 67 76 85 tO 67 79 76 u 69 G9 73 12 63 70 75 13 63 74 30 14 68 75 77 15 5S 65 36 |6 54 60 66 17 54 68 72 IS 65 7i 77 I'J 57 70 75 'iO 6S 79 85 21 74 31 80 ?:2 7i 78 Si iZ 67 SO 81 34 70 79 32 •15 67 71 75 26 CO 68 72 •27 62 74 S2 38 1 67 79 84 .70 63 SO 87 3G 72 S5 85 81 75 84 86 Mc in65 75 79 Barometer. CO 29.82 29.75 29.76 29.74 29.68 29.70 29.80 29.78 29.83 23.68 29.65 29.68 29.65 29.6.': 29.69 29.60 29.5 1 29.5'i 29.63 29.66 29.S0 29.83 29.77 29.68 29.60 29.66 29.72 29.77 29.75 29.74 29.75 29.82 29.76 29.79 29.76 29.G9 29.78 29.85 29.84 29.79 29.05 29.68 29.70 39.65 29.6.-3 29.65 29.5 29.5:5 29.56 29.64 29.73 29.82 29,83 29.75 29.63 29.6i 29.69 29.76 29.78 29, 29.07 29, C| ^;»' •-< ►tl O-i r • 29.76 11 29.72 2 29.73 3| 29.69 4: 29.C8 ^i 29.76 6 29.80 7 29.79 s' 29.70 9 29.05 10 39.63 11 29.69 12 29.82 13i 29.62 I4I 29.69 15 29.51 16 29.52 17 29.55 IS 29.53 19 29.76 20 29.79 31 29.75 22 29.70 23 29.52 24 29.67 25 29.70 26 29.74 27 29.74 28 29.70 29 29.65 30 29.73 "!9.G5.30 M.,1 I'hermo'r. 00 75 76 76 76 78 76 79 79 80 78 80 73 71 75 77 78 78 79 80 72 64 60 72 75 7 7o 72 73! 80 74J8S 75,77 Barometer. S9J29.S0 90|29.84 29.82 29.68 29.68 29.69 29.69 29.65 29.64 29.66 29.05 29.59 29.55 39.55 29.61 90[29.65 90|29.66 91:29.55 29.53 29.71 29.83 29.86 32 29.72 S0|29.G 29.75 29.67 29.70 29.72 29.68 29.68 29.85 29.85 29.77 29.68 29.69 29.72 29.68 29.03 29.68 29.71 29.66 29.64 39.58 29.58 29.64 29.68 29.65 29.56 29.54 29.73 29.88 29.85 29.71 29.65 29.75 29.70 29.74 29.72 29.68 29.70 a 29.84 29.82 29.72 29.64 29.65 29.67 29.63 29.58 29.64 29.65 29.60 29.59 29.55 29.55 29.59 29.65 29.60 29.52 29.55 29.68 29.35 29.77 29.69 29.65 29.70 29.69 29.71 29.66 29.67 29.09 2D.r2.lS 29.71.2PJ-?9.G5.30 I vi'n742:82 36 -9-e().& 29.71,2 29.06 In the month of May there were 23 clear days — 4 cloudy and 4 rainy. There was thunder on G different days. Fleecj nd flying clouds prevailed on many of the days uenominateti clear. In the month of June there were 5 clear days, 18 cloudy in art or wholly, and 7 rainy. There V7Es thunder on 4 days. The clouds during the month were generally, cirrus, cirrc- comoid and curaulo-stratus, Avith thick nimbus on the rainy (lays. JULY 183T. CHERMOMEFEH. bakometeh. ATT. THERMOMETEB. || QQ 05 !_, ifi OS _ t;^ 05 ►- tf- f- IS ? k ts J3 f- M ? ' S s a k S S k n g 1 73 81 83 29.721 29.755 29.746 75 78 81 3 74 83 89 29.755 29.826 29.785 76 80 85 3 76 84 92 29.812 29.837 29.815 78 83 87 4 79 87 91 29.812 39,795 29.753 80 5 85 5 88 7 5 78 84 90 29.774 29.785 29.748 80 83 87 6 78 85 94 29.762 29.765 29.708 80 5 83 87 7 77 85 85 29.733 29.733 39.713 79 85 85 8 77 84 85 29.744 39.764 39.761 79 83 83 9 75 8G 88 29.844 29.853 39.833 77 83 86 10 76 86 83 29.862 39.803 39.835 78 84 5 84 11 75 80 80 29.825 29.819 39.788 77 79 81 12 73 81 87 29.776 39.778 39.734 75 81 84 13 76 86 90 29.732 29.738 39.732 77 84 87 14 77 86 93 29.728|29.731 29.696 78 84 6 89 15 79 87 93 39.697 29.700 29.678 80 5 85 6 89 16 79 87 93 29.705 29.703 29.637 80 5 85 5 89 17 79 86 89 29.734 29.764 29,757 81 85 88 18 77 86 85 29.818 39.853 29.839 78 84 85 5 19 75 84 90 29.855 29.864 29.793 77 82 4 87 20 77 85 88 29.807 39.798 29,749 79 84 87 21 76 84 87 29.7£,3 39.749 29,688 78 5 83 85 5 22 76 82 86 29.708 29.716 29.698 78 80 85 23 76 80 80 29.724 39.755 39.746 78 81 80 24 75 83 89 29.764 39.778 39.755 76 5 80 5 86 25 78 87 93 29.774l29.776 29.745 79 85 89 5 26 77 88 93 29.758 39.762 39.727 79 86 90 27 80 87 92 29.736 29.733 29.G98 81 86 90 28 77 86 87 29.723 39.733 29.696 78 85 86 29 74 85 92 29.735 29.725 39.G96 76 5 83 88 30 78 87 90 29.714 39.718 39.704 80 4 85 5 88 31 Mean 77 76 5 87 84 3 89 29.70S 29.738 29.698 79 85 87 83 3 39.74 7 29.77 1 29.74 1 78 1 83 86 2 During this month there were 10 rai ny da'v 's, and everj day in the month was clouded more or le ss. n t!ie n ight ©f the 2nd there was a bright Ught orange colored meteo r from west to north. There were nimbus and dark nimbus and thunder on the 10th — thunde • on the .9th— Jiundei on th( 3 11th, ITlh, 18th, 20lh, 2l5t, 2Srd, 25th, 2 8th, 3 0th anc 1 31st, The clouds were massive and dark dm •ing th 3 mont h— the liirabus, cumulus and sumulo stratus pre\ ^ailing. AUGUST -iSST. o TlIERM:oMKTi;il. liAllO.HhTER. 1 ATT. Tl eh.mometer. Ol ^ >?>. 05 _ rf». 03 ,_ >£>• >■ «> Tj >■ i9 y J» t« ? ' ^ 3 •4 s •^ g a a a . 1 74 84 91 ^9.7J.l :9.r3.:i 39.57.1 77 83 88 2 78 88 93.5 39.69.1 39.r,9.) 3;).65.2 80 87 90.5 3 80 89 93.5 39 67.- 39.73.2 U9.63.5 83 88 91 4 80 83 91 39.64.-. 39,5 \1 39.61.8 83 87.5 90 5 77 86 89 39 6J.8 39.64.3 29.62,5 81 85 87 6 77 84 Sl.-O 39.03.8 2i).G!.f; 39.64.3 SO 82.5 85 7 74 84 85 39.59 (; ^9.57.5 39.57.6 78 82 85 8 79 87 87 23.G2..S :9.6i'i.2 29.66.4 81 85 86 9 78 87 87 39.76.1 i9.75.9 39.75.3 80 84.6 82 10 76 83.5 78 39.7.5.5 J9.72 39.75i.3 77.2 81.5 79 11 75 83 78 -9.70.1 39.fi9.9 29.70.5 77 80 79 12 74 75 77 29.75.8!x9.S2.3 29.82.3 75.5 75.6 77 13 72 76 76 39 8S.4;3^).90..' 39.89.4 73 76 76 14 70 78 82.5 39..":9 3 29.S9.;> 39.S6.5 73 76.5 78.5 15 68 77 83.5 39 S5.5 29.S{i.y .9.80.4 70 77 80 16 70.5 80 87 39.81 129.S1.9 29.77.8 72 . 79,8 83 17 73 83 83 39.79.3;2 79.5 86 89 31 Mean 77 88 90 39.70.'. 29.7. .6 29.67.5 80.3 86 89.5 1 75.1 84.9 87.1 29.74.1129.'( 5.8 29.73.2 77.7 83 85.5 111 this month there were six rainy clays ), and svery day in the month was mora or less cloudy. On the 8t li there was dark niml )us an d tlmnder; this wns the o ily thi nder during- ijie month . Af er the middle of the mon th the clouds were srenerally high flying cirnis, cirro-cunu his an d cumulus. There we re soi ne fo^jry days, and but 1 lUle w ind. There was but ^■•*^ i^f^ jn lit inffirn le rail ly «Jay during the monlh. a fter the ! 13lh. «>- SISPTBMBBR 1837. , o THERMOMETER. BARMOMETER. ATT. THERMOMETER ! "^ O ■^ o- i<^ » >«>■ OB > Jo J!J > S |T! > M y • g g g g g g a s 1 76.5 78.5 83 29.71.5 29.75.4 29.72 80 79 ; 83 2 68 76.5 81.5 29.74.7 29.76.5 29.71.8 72 7,6 78 3 67 81 84 29.78 29.78.8 29.78.5 70 78.8 . 81.5 4 71 84 88 29.81.8 29.82.2 29.81.5 73.5 83 87 5 75 83 84 29.82.8 29.83 29.82 73.5 82 84 a 75 82.5 87 29.84 29.84 29.82 77 82 87 7 75 85 88 29.84 29.83.5 29.79.5 73 84 87 8 74 84 89 29.81 29.79.5 29.73.7 77 84 87 9 74 85 89 29.73.8 29.71 29.67.5 77 85 88 ]0 75 85.5 90 29.70.8 29.72.5 29.69.8 78 84 88 11 75.5 85 89 29.73.8 29.74 29-70 78.5 84 88 12 71 73 73 29.73 29.74 29.72.3 77 75 75 13 64 74 80 29.73.8 29.72.5 29.66 69 73.6 77 U 69 81 87 29.68 29.68.5 29.65.6 70.5 81 85 15 72 84 83 29.67.4 29.66.8 29.64.4 75 81 84 16 75 86 85. 29.66.8 29.66.4 29.65.5 77 84.5 84 17 77 77.5 75 29.70 29 72.5 29.73 79 80 78 18 61 58.4 53.6 29.84 29.87 29.87 67 64.5 64 19 55.4 64 71 29.92.3 29.93 29.88.4 59 64 71 20 59.6 70.3 80 29.86.7 29.84.8 29.78.5 64 71 76 21 68 80 79 29.80.3 29.81 29.80.5 70 79 81 23 71.5 75 76 29.83 29.83 29.83.5 75 75 76 23 66 76 80 29.87 29.87 29.85.8 69 73.5 77.5 24 70 81.7 85 29.87 29.87.4 29.84.6 72 79 83 ■- 25 71 79 84 29.86 29.87' 29-83 73 77 82 26 69 78 82 29.83-4 29.78.4 29.73 71.4 77.6 81 27 73 76 80.5 29.73 29.73 29.72 75 76 79 28 73 79 77.5 29.75.5 29.76 4 39.76 75 78 79 29 75 79 81 29.76.5 29.76.5 29.74.4 76 78 81 30 73 81 86 29.79 29.79.8 29.76 75.5 81 84 Mean 71.1 73.5 81.6 29.77.3 29.78.1 29.74 73.4 78,4 81.4 Dur mg this montl 1 were ten days rainy more or less. There tfere four dc tys without a < ;loud, and sixteen more or less cloudy. On the lst day of the month Ih ere were high-flying cirro-cumuli. 2d. Very clear. 3d. H gh-flying ciri o-cumuii; thin cirri. 4th. Overcast, rain. 5th. Orerca Lst, heavy rai ns. 6th. Overcast; dark rain clouds. 7th, Over- cast. 8th. Masses o f cumuli. 9th. Cumuli and high-flying cirri; Tery clear s un-set. 10th A few cirro-cumuli; glorious sunset. 11th. Cir- ro-stra tus cumuli; n imbus and rain. 12th. Overcast all day. llth. Overca St. 14th. W ide spread nimbus and rain. 15th. Cumuli and high-fl ying cirri. IG ih. Nimbus; rain, thunder. 17th. Nimbus; distant thundc r; rain. 18th Thick clouds and rain. 19th. A few cirro-cumulii. 20th. Without a elo ad. 21st. Nimbus; rain, windy. 22d. Gentle rain. 25lh. Masses of cu mull. 3Gth. High-flying cirri, thunder, light rain. 27th. Overcast, rain . 28th. Densely overcast; thunder, rain. 29th. Overc! ist, nimbus; th under and rain. 30th. Cirri and cirre-strati. ^■■■■ii mmmmm ■BBMBOa ■^^■■■a L OCTOBER 183T. 1 ^ THERMOMETLK. BARMOMETER. AXX. THi.RMOJIETER. || "2 Oi >u Oi •o. 0> •^ >■ 5 y > to t* >• ts y • 2 g g g s g g g S 1 74 81 86 29:79 29:^2:.^ 29:81:4 76 81 85 2 74.5 81.5 66 29.84 29:8'l:e 29::sl 77 81 85 3 72.5! 79 82 2J:83 29:84 29:83:4 75 77:5 80 4 73 77 78.5 2J:H3 2J:83:b i9:81:2 74 76:5 78 5 72 77 77 2:':3t!:5 i9 77.b 29:76 7.1 70 76 6 73 73 70 J9:6a:- 29:63:5 29:51:8 75 74 73 7 66.4 71 74 2'J:52 .9:39:: 29:61 68:5 70:5 73 8 58.6 65 71 29:77:: 29.83 29:82:5 66 68 71 9 57 78 77 l>:86 29:S7:."- 2;i:87 63 69 73 10 62 73 79 2'):90:5 29.9] :■? 29:90 66 73:5 76 11 63 67 69 29:91 iJ:9.iu. 29:91 67 68 70 12 63 73.5 77 29:92 29:92:5 29:91 66 72 75 13 67 73 77 2):93 29:94 29 93:5 70 74 76 14 59 61 77.5 JO ;0:04 29:97:5 66 64 69 15 55 67 74.5 29:99 .10 2J:y8 60 69 74 16 62.5 72 79 30 30:01 29:98:5 66 74 77 17 64 74.5 76 29:99 29:98:4 29:96 69 76 77 18 70 77 80 2:-':95 2.1:92:5 29:87 73 76 80 19 70 77 82.5 2.1:87 29:37 29:82:5 73 77 82 20 70 79 83 •29:83 29:84 29:82:5 73 79 83 21 69 77 83 2):83 2:):83 29:82 73 78 82 23 72 81 8J ■;9.83 2;;:82 29:S0:5 75 81 83 23 75 77.5 72 29:74 .9:73 29:75 77 77:5 75 21 66 60 57 29:82 29:37:5 29:87:5 70 63 63 25 48 52 57 3:^:97 29:99 29:97:5 53 57 60 26 42 'id 53 0.03 30.04:: ;n:03 49 55 57 27 40 Al.j 57 30:15 .J0:13:3 30.07 47 50 59 23 9 48 57 0:13 30:14 i0:07 47 53 58 2^ 42 57 62 30:08 30:03 2;):93:5 49 63 65 30 50 50 54 29:93:.',29:97 29:93:8 5.? 53 66 31 48 51 1 5S.'l 29.97 29:97 |29:95.4 53 59 60:5 Mean 61.8 ' 68.4 1 72.2 29:86:4 29:91:1129:87:6 66 69:9 72:6 In this month there were five days rainy, mor s or less, eight clear days, and eighteen, morn or less, c'ouily. On the 1st there were cumu- li and strati; wavy cirrn-cumuli dark and large. 2d. Thunder, little rain. 3rd. Overcast. 4th. Overcast all day. 5th . Overcast all day. — 6th. Rain, dark wabus; swiftly flying scud. 7th. High wind, overcast. 8th. A few swiftly flying cirri; brilliant sun set. £ Hh. Without a cloud, and brilliant sun set. 1 0th. A few small cumuli, h rilliantsun.eet. 11th. Hazy, swift scud, cumuli; brilliant sun set. 12 h. Denae masses of dark cumuli; cirro-cumuli. ISlh. Heavy fog. 1' 1th. Darkly overcast, brilliant sun set. 15th. Serene, brilliant sun .set 16th. Foggy; large masses of cumuli. 17ih. Dark cumuli and ."^trati 18th. Dark cumuli and strati. 19ih. Foggy. 20lh, Large cumuli, b riiliiint sun set. Slst. A few swift cirro-cumuli; brilliant sun set. 22d. / L few swift cirri, dark- ly overspread. 23il. Thunder, heavy rain. 24th.] tain all day and night. 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th and 29th clear. 30th, Gentle rain. 31st. Overcast. . NOVEMBER 183T. p XlIEKMOMEJ'KB. BAaMOMJiXEU. ATT. THERM OMLTER. | CN •F^ en ,p- M y >• tS y ' ^ a g ?• ■< s: S g a 1 51 56:5 63 29:76 29:96:5 29:95 57 63 66 2 46 61 63 i0:06 jU:t)3 29.98 53 66 68 3 50 62 70 1'J:\)1A i9:i!6 |2. :88 56 64 71 4 65 73 79 i9:71 29:68 29.63 68 73 77 5 56 57 62 29u6 29:81 29:80 65 63 71 6 44 5-5:5 68 ■2JM 29:95 29:94 53 64 68 7 50 64 72 ja:06 ,L'.Oi;-J .111:01 57 67 72 8 51 64 72 .;0:0J ;u:u6 29.93 60 70 73 9 58 68 77 SJ-M 29.9.5:5 29:8T 63 73:5 77 10 67 72 77 2:>:37 29:85:5 29:SJ 70 73 77 11 66 74:5 78 J9.82 29:75 29:73 69 75 78 13 68 73 78 i9:7J 29:72:1! 29:0! 72 73 78 13 69 73 72 29:70:5 2J:7.^:5 29:74:5 71 73 73 14 50 55 62 2>J:9i 29:94 29:i 60 65 64 15 42 53 65 ;0:05 29:97 .129:9 42 69 65 16 48 59 66 30 3U.©4 29:9« 55 62 66 17 51 69 70 29:93 2'»:88 29:8' 50 71 71 18 61 69 74 2;):82 29:77 29:7 66 72 74 19 66 72:5 76 20:76 29:76 29:7^ 70 72:5 76 20 62 70:5 74 29:76 29:76 29:7. 67 70:5 75 21 67 71 75 •29:73 29:72 29.6 70 72 75 22 56 49 50 2:.':74 29:79 29:S- 68 53 55 23 36 49 57 2i):88 29:73 29:6 45 50 57 24 48 5:; 61 i9M 29:63 29:6 :5 54 59 63 25 43 57 65 29:71 29.6'i 29:5 5 51 61 66 26 56 66 69 36:63 29:69 29:68 60 68 68 27 60 67 67 30:74 2):78 29:72:5 65 67 67 28 64 69 69 30:78 29:80 29:81 67 80 70 29 65 72 74 30:! 3 29:9:!.4 29:93 68 74 74 30 60 70 74 S'J:'JJ 29:94 29:93 65 70 74 \Ieaa 55:2 61:1 72:2 29:81:2 29:84:1 29:81 64:2 67 70 In this month there were eleven clear days, thirteen, more or less, cloudy, and six, more or lesn, r;iiny. On the 1st there we re cirro-cumu- li; brilliant sunset. 2nd. Without a olouJ. 3rd. Orer casl; beautiful cirro-cumuli. 4th. Shower, cirro-cumuli, scud high-flyi ng cirri. 5th. A few swift cirri. 6th. Without a cloud, brilliant sun set . 7th. Wiih- out a cloud. 8th. A few cirri. Oh. Swifi cirii. lOih. Overcast, large cumuli. 11th. Overcast, heavy fog; little rain. 12th. Overcast, swift cirri. 13th. Masses of cumuli with swift cirri. I4th, 15th and 16th. Hazy but without a cloud. IVth. Clouds; dark nimbu s; rain, 18th Cirrus clouds. 19lh, Clears off. 20th. Swifi scud;cirro cumuli. 21st. Cirro-cumuli, with nimbus. 22nd. Nimbus; rain. 23rd, 24lh and 25th. Without a cloud. 26th. Heavy fuj;; cirri; nimbus; rain. 27th. Cirrus and stratus cirro; n'mbut=; rain. 28th. Nimbus; rain. 2 9ih. Cirri and scud; larg* masses of cumul, nimbus. 30th. Cumuli; brilliant bud 1st Month, JANUARY, 1838. 31 dayg.i moon's phases. d. h. m. e ^. «• § 5 « ^ ?5 ^ ^ to First Quarter, 3 40 M. ° M c^ vo t, o o -h c? to Full Moon, 10 1 15 E, S| ^' ' ^ -- ^ .- Third Quarter, 18 6 27 E. '-^ ^, ^ >ooooooo New Moon, 25 7 47 E. lEIys " 1— 1 l« l^J TO t~ >-< kO Oi r-< r-t « C» «^ T) I). Imin Sun '\Dai/''s Sun's 3'Ioon Moon M w. Various Phenomena rises sets length decs. sets Soiit/i H. M. H. M. H. M. O I H. M. H. M. 1 M Circumcision 7 2 5 6 10 4 23 1 11 4 54 2 3 Tu 75{tis set 3 17 m. 7 3 5 15 10 12 21 38 7 8 1 22 13 Sat 7 2 5 16 10 13 21 28 8 5 2 8 14 A D in ap. 7 2 5 17 10 14 21 18 9 2 50 15 M Ell-and-y'd sou. 7 2 5 18 10 15 21 7 9 54 3 31 16 Tu 7 2 5 18 10 17 20 56 10 4S 4 10 17 VV Franklin b. 1706 7 2'5 19 10 18 20 44 11 43 4 49 18 Th D^ 7 1 5 20 10 19 20 32 morn. 5 29 19 Fri Inferior c5 (v) ^ 7 1 5 21 10 20 20 19 40 6 12 20 Sat © enters ^ 7 1 5 22 10 21 20 7 1 40 6 58 21 A 3d S. aft. Fpiph. 7 1 5 23 10 22 19 53 2 44 7 49 22 M 7 5 24 10 24 19 40 3 50 8 46 23 Tu 3 runs low 7 5 25 10 25 19 26 4 57 9 47 24 W 9 sets 8 47 er. 6 59 5 26 10 26 19 11 6 10 51 25 Th Conv. of St.Paul 6 59 5 27 10 28|18 57 sets. 11 55 2G Fri 6 58 5 28 10 29 18 42 6 21 fiv. 50 27 Sat D in perigee 6 58 5 29 10 31 18 20 7 35 1 53 28 A 4thSaft. Epiph. 6 57 5 29 10 32 18 11 8 4!-^ 2 46 29 M Sirusso.10 2 ev. 6 5715 30] 10 34 17 55 9 53 3 36 30 Tu 5^ 6 56 5 31 10 35 17 38 10 59 4 24 31 W 8 stationary 6 56 5 32 10 ,37 17 22 morn. 5 ISJ •2d Month. FEBRUARY, 1838. 28 days moon's phases. d. h. m. a G First Quarter, 1 11 31 M. 0.2 'T3 M CO "^ ■^ '^ "^ CO cc Full Moon, 9 7 46 M. 3 i ^T— If— ll— ll— ll— If— |P-( Third Quarter, 17 11 33 M. New Moon, 24 6 4 M. Days aooooooo <-* lo o CO i> f-i in --1 — t w IN D d: Sun Sun Bay's Sun''s Moon Moon M IV. Various Phenomena. rises sets length dec.S. sets. South H. M. H. M. H. M. o > H, M. H. BI. 1 Th 6 55 5 33 10 38 17 5l 5 6 2 2 Fri 6 54 5 34 10 40 16 47 1 10 6 53 3 Sat 2 sets 8 29 ev. 6 54 5 35 10 41 16 30 2 15 7 47 4 A 5th S aftEpiph. 6 53 5 36 10 43 16 12 3 17 8 41 5 M 3) runs high 6 52 5 37 10 44 15 54 4 16 9 35 6 Th 6 52!5 38| 10 46 15 36 5 8 10 28 7 W Siriuss. 9 27ev. 6 51 5 39 10 48 15 17 5 54 11 18 8 Th 6 50 5 39 10 49 14 58 6 32 nnorn. 9 Fri 2/ sou. 1 58 m. 6 49 5 40 10 51 14 39 rises. 5 10 Sat D in apo. 6 48 5 41 10 53 14 19 6 53 48 11 A Septuagesiraa 6 47 5 42 10 55 14 7 47 1 29 12 M 9 St. ^ 's gr.elo. 6 47 5 43 10 56 13 40 8 41 2 9 13 Tu Procy'n so. 9 5G 6 46 5 44 10 5S 13 20 9 35 2 47 14 W D 9> [ev. 6 45 5 45 11 12 59 10 31 3 27 15 Th 2/sun32 m. 6 44 5 45 11 2 12 39 11 29 4 8 16 Fri 6 43 5 46 11 3 12 18 morn. 4 51 17 Sat noij 3 42 5 47 11 5 11 57 29 5 39 18 A Oent. xSexag. 6 41 5 48 11 7 11 36 1 33 6 32 19 M 6 40 5 49 11 9 11 15" 2 38 7 29 20 Tu D runs low 6 39 5 50 11 11 10 53 3 41 8 30 21 W Procv'n so925e. 6 38 5 50 11 13 10 32 4 39 9 33 22 Th Washg'toab'32 6 37 5 51 11 14 10 10 5 31 10 35 23 Fri iQ% 6 36 5 52 11 16 9 48 6 15 11 34 24 Sat 3) in per. G 35 5 53 11 18 9 26 sets. ev. 30 25 A Quinquagesiina 6 34 5 54 11 20 9 4 7 32 1 22 26 \I 6 32 5 54 11 22 8 41 8 41 3 13 27 Tu D9, iO^ 6 31 15 .55 11 24 8 19 9 50 3 3 28 W Ash Wednesday 6 30 5 561 11 26 7 56 10 58 3 54 BS 8d MoHlh, MARCH, 1838. 81 days. noon's phases. d. h. m. First Quarter, 3 30 M. Full Moon, 11 2 32 M. g.i Third Quarter, 19 27 M. New Moon, 25 3 39 E. Days soooooooo rM r-l N W M ly D. Sun Sun Daifs Sun's Moon Moon M W. Various Ptienomeua. rises sets. lengt ■ dec.N- sets. Soulk TI. M. H. M. H. M. o ' 11. M. H. M. 1 Til 6 29 5 57 11 28 7 33 morn. 4 47 2 Fri J. Wesley died 6 28 5 57 11 29 7 11 5 5 41 8 Sat [1791 6 27 5 58 11 31 6 4S 1 10 6 36 4 A 1st S. Lent 6 26 5 59 11 33 25 2 10 7 30 1 5 M Inf. 6 O 9 6 24 6 11 35 6 1 3 5 8 24 6 Til 6 23 6 11 37 5 38 8 53 9 15 7 W Reg so. 10 58 ev. 8 22 6 1 11 39 5 15 4 33 10 2 8 Th \l stationary 6 21 6 2 11 41 4 52i 5 8|10 47 9 Fri Proc'ns.2 41 m. 6 20l6 2 il 43 4 28 5 38,11 28 10 Sat D ill ap. 8 18 6 3 11 45 4 5 6 5 morn! 11 A 2d S. in Lent 6 17 6 4 11 47 a 41 risfs. 8 12 M 6 16 8 5 11 49 3 IS 7 30) 47 13 Tu § disc. 1781 6 15 6 5 11 51 2 54 8 25 1 26 14 W [3^ 6 13 6 6 11 53 2 30 9 22 2 7 15 Th Jackson b. 1707 6 12 a 7 11 55 2 7 10 22 2 49 16 Fri Xm. 1120 ev. 6 11 3 7 11 56 1 43 11 23 3 35 17 Sat 6 10 6 8 11 58 1 19' morn. 4 25 18 A 3d S. in Lent 6 8 6 9 12 55 27 5 20 19 M 1) runs low 6 7 6 9 12 2 32 1 29 6 18 20 Tu Qent.T 6 G 6 10 12 4 S. 8 2 27 7 18 21 W Bp. Asbnry died 6 4 6 U 12 6 N.16 3 20 8 18 22 Th [181 6 aged 71 6 3 6 11 12 8 39 4 5 9 17| 23 Fri Reg. so. 9 55 ev. 6 2 6 12 12 10 1 3 4 45 10 13 24 Sat ]) in per. G 1 6 13 12 12 1 27 5 21 11 6 25 A 9 stationary 5 59 6 13 12 14 1 50 sets. 11 57 26 M 1)9, 5 58|6 14 12 16 2 14 7 26 ev. 48 1 27 Tu :^so. 10 32 ev. 5 57i6 I5tl2 18 2 37 8 36 1 40 1 28 W 5 56'6 15 12 20 3 1 9 46! 2 34 I 29 Th Superior c5 © 5< 5 54 6 16 12 22 3 24 10 55 3 29 1 30 Fri 5 53 9 17 12 24 3 47 11 59 4 25 1 31 Sebbb Sat waat Reg. so. 9 24 ev. 5 .52lG 17} 13 26 4 11 morn- 5 23 th Month. APRIL, 1838. ao days, MOON S PHASES. D. H. M. First Quarter; 1 3 28 E. Full Moon, 9 7 59 E. 'rhiicl Quarter, 17 9 26 M. Now Moon, 24 55 M. II ,• 00 «0 J> N f,VOO O CQ CO "OTtiOOCC ^•C0C0kO>— I gco(N'--■ m m in »f3 s o o o o S;:;::^:: Days| I— 1 lO 05 CO {^ 1— I in 05 i-H C* (N M A l\1 w Th Fri Sat A M Tu W Th 13|Fri 14:Sal 15 A Various Fhencmena 10 17 18 19 20 31 22 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 IVI Tu W Th Ffi Sa' A M 'J'u W Till Fri Sat A M 5th S. in Lent Jefferson b 1743 Spica n,^ s. 28 [morn. j) in apogee Reg. s. 8 56 ev. 6ili S. in Lent 3 eclipsed, vis. 2/ so. 9 28 er. 9 ri?;. 3 35 m. Good Friday Sp.njjso.ll 45e. Easter. D r. low Franklin d. 1790 Sun rises Lex. battle 1775 ©ent« . Din p.jS 9 rises 3 22 m. 1st S. aft. Eap. ID9. 2/ sots 2 55 ra. 9 ris. 3 14 m. J) runs high 3d S. after East, Sun sets. M. H Bay's len2:th 221 12 22 12 3916 38'6 26112 2612 27I12 28ll2 28i6 27|6 266 19,6 1816 I7I6 Sun's dec.N. M. 27! 4 Moon sets. 13 13 15 16 18 20 34 57 20 43 6 28 51 13 36 58 20 42 4 25 47 S 30 51 11 32 52 13 33 53 12 32 H. M. 58 49 32 9 40 8 34 5S rises. 7 16 8 15 13 51 14 10 14 39 14 47 Moon South 9 17 10 20 11 22 morn.] 21 1 14 2 1 2 41 3 17 3 49 4 21 4 53 sets. 1 8 33 9 41 10 45 11 40 morn. 28j H. H. 6 i7y 7 10 7 59 8 44 9 27 10 7 10 46 11 25 morn. 5 48 1 33 2 22 3 15 12 11 10 7 8 1 8 54 9 44 10 34 11 25 ev. 17 13 10 8 6 1 52 • »» mrtf^TTr?8i? r yTO 11't''' f ^ g ii^ * " '"^"""''''''°'™'" '" '""■"'•' mrnmnnnjm— W J5th Month. MAY, 1838, 31 days moon's phases, d. h. m. ,; t- f-( TO lO !D l^ >0 (M •" lO TO .-1 '-'TO First Quarter, 1 7 59 M, § i Full Moon, 9 10 51 M. w -« = ^ TlurdQuarter, 16 3 37 E . 1 New Moon, 23 10 19 M. ,5 S 9!^^..^_i.-riF-4,— IF-Hi— < 1 First Quarter, 21 1 29 M. Days] -^^=^§^^^2 D\D. Sun .Stoi Daxfs Sun's Moon Moon M W. Various Phenomena. rises sets length dec.N sets. South H. M. n. M. H. w. o ' H. M. H. M. 1 Tu 5 17 6 38 13 21 5 5 1 7 6 40 2 W Miss Green b. 5 16 8 39 13 23 5 23 1 41 7 23 3 Th [2121 5 15 6 39 13 25 5 41 2 10 8 4 4 Fri D in apogee 5 14 6 40 13 26 15 59 2 36 8 44 1 5 Sat 11 stationary 5 13 6 41 13 28 10 16 3 1 9 23 \ 6 A 5 12 G 41 13 29 16 33 3 20 10 3 7 M 9 rises 3 2 ra. 5 11 6 42 13 31 16 50 3 51 10 44 8 Tu 5 10 6 43 13 32 17 6 4 18 11 29 8 W 5 10 6 43 13 34 17 22 rises. morn. 10 Th 15 9 6 44 13 35 17 38 8 12^ 17 11 Fri Spican^sou 59 5 8 6 45 13 37 17 54 9 16 1 10 12 Sat D runs low [ev. 5 7 6 45 13 38 18 9 10 16 2 6 13 A ithS. aft. Easter 5 7 6 46 13 39 18 24 11 12 3 5 14 M 9 's gr. elong. 5 6 6 47 13 41 18 38 12 4 5 15 Tu 9 rises 2 54 m. 5 5 6 47 13 42 18 53 morn. 5 2 16 W 5 5 6 48 13 43 19 7 41 5 57 17 Th In (5 (V) ^ 5 4 6 49 13 45, 19 20 1 17 6 48 18 Fri D in per. 5 ^ 5 3 6 49 13 4g' 19 34 1 50 7 38 19 Sat 5 3 6 50 13 47 19 47 2 20 8 28 20 A Lafayette d 1834 5 2 6 51 13 48! 19 591 2 51 9 14 21 M ©ent.n 5 2 6 51 13 50 20 12 3 23 10 5 22 Tu Ara.S.S.U.An. 5 1 6 52 13 5120 24 3 59' 10 58 23 W 5 1 6 53 13 5220 35 sets. 11 54 1 24 Th 5 6 53 13 53 20 47 8 2P ev. 52 25 Fri D runs high 5 06 51 13 5420 58 9 23 1 51 26 Sat Calvin d. 1584 4 59 6 54 13 5521 8 10 20' 2 49 27 A 6tii S. after East. 4 59 6 55 13 56 21 19 11 3' 3 43 28 M Wm.Pittb.l759 4 59 6 58 13 57 21 28 11 40] 4 32 29 Tu ^ stationary |4 58 56 13 58,21 38 inovn.l 5 18 30 W TractAn.Boston'4 58 6 57 13 59:21 4.7 llj 6 31 Th| □ iD^ 1 4 58 6 57 11 0, 21 561 38, 6 40 fJlh Month. JUNE, 1838. 30 days. moon's phases. d. h. m. c S C-i Tt* CO M (N --< Full iMo(.n, 7 10 44 E. •i^CCQDO:Oi-< ^ V Jays r-H rH C^ Cs} C^ — ^-L— D. ^t/n un JJuy's\ iSun's | Moon Moon iW n\ /■drious Phenomena. •Ues sets /e»o i/t' (/eciV. sets. South 11. M. H. M. H. M. > H. M. H. M. 1 Fri Arcturi!sso.92S 4 57 6 58 14 1 22 4 1 3 7 19 2 Sal D 9> L^^v. 4 57 6 58 14 1 22 12 1 27 7 58 1 3 A Wliilsunday. rJ 4 57 >) 59 14 2 22 20 I 52 8 39 4M L(v)¥ 4 57 'J 59 14 3 22 27 2 18 9 22 5 Tu 4 56 7 14 4 22 34 2 48 10 9 G W 5 ris.2 34 m. 4 567 14 4 22 40 3 22 11 1 7 Th 4 56 7 1 14 5 23 46 4 4111 57 8 Fri Arct. so. 9 0ev. 4 56 7 1 14 5 22 52 rises. morn. 9 Sat 5 runs low 4 56 7 2 14 6 22 57 9 6 56 10 A 'i'.iniiy 4 56 7 2 14 6 23 2 9 58 1 57 11 M 4 56 7 3 14 7 23 6 10 42 2 57 12 Ti. N. Y. inc. 1665 4 56 7 3 14 ■/ 23 10 11 19 3 53 13 W 4 56 7 S 14 8 23 14 11 53 4 46 14 Th J) in perigee 4 56 7 4 14 8 23 17 morn. 5 36 15Fn 4 56 7 4 14 e 23 20 23 6 24 leSat ^ Stat, 5 ^ 4 56 7 4 14 e 23 22 53 7 11 17 A JWesleyb.1703 4 567 5 14 9 23 24 1 24 7 59 18 \i 4 56',7 5 14 9 23 26 1 57 8 50 19 Tu 9 ris. 2 26 ra. 4 56 7 5 14 9 23 27 2 34 9 43 20 21 22 23 < 4 57 7 e 14 9 23 27 3 18 10 40 Til Oentersgs 4 57 7 6 14 9 23 28 sets. 11 38 Fri D runs high 4 57 7 6 14 9 23 28 8 10 ev. 36 Sat Arct. so. 8 1 ev. 4 57 7 6 14 6 23 27 8 57 1 32 24 A St. John Baptist 4 58 7 6 14 9 23 26 9 37 2 24 M Vejraso. 020 m. 4 58,7 6 14 9 23 25 10 10 3 11 ''.'.■■■'(Vu Antares so. 10 4 58 V 7 14 8 23 23 10 39 3 55 >7|W [ev. 4 58 ;7 7 14 8 23 21 11 5 4 36 ;s'ri.. D in apogee 4 59,7 7 14 8 23 le 11 29 5 16 19 Fri ^0|Sat St. Peter 4 59|7 7 ,14 8 23 15 11 53 5 54 1>9> 4 59:7 7 '14 7 23 12 morn. 6 34 ^^ g^ie^gn lib. Month, JULY, 1838. 81 doys. moon's phases. d. h. M. a c Full Moon, 7 8 12 M. o .2 • CO'rJJ M 1 ZT n. Sun Sun Day's Sun's Moon Moon M w. Various Phenomena. rises sels length dec-N. sets. South H. JI. H. M.' H. M. O 1 11. M. H. W'. 1 A 3d S. aft. trinity. 5 7 7 14 7 23 8 19 7 15 1 2 M in apogee. 5 7 714 7 23 4 46 8 1 1 3 Tu Anter.so.9 33 ev 5 1 7 7 14 6 22 59 1 18' 8 49 1 1 4 W Independence. 5 1 7 7 14 6 22 54 1 56 9 43 1 5 Th 5 2 7 7 14 5 22 49 2 41 10 42 6 Fri 5 runs low. 6 2 7 6 14 4 22 43 3 37 11 43^ 7 Sat 5 2 7 6 14 4 22 37 rises. morn. 8 A 4tli S aft. trinity 5 3 7 6 14 S 22 30 8 38 45 9 M Vpffsoll21ev. 5 3 7 6 14 2 22 23 9 19 1 44 10 TuColumb' b 1447 5 4 7 6 14 2 22 16 9 54 2^40 11 W 9 rises 2 24 m. 5 4 7 5 14 1 22 8 10 26 3 "32 12 ThjS, 6 © ^ J) in p 5 5 7 5 14 22 10 56 4 21 13 Fri D a [17S9 5 5 7 5 13 59 21 51 11 26 5 9 14 SatjFr. rev. com. 9' 6 7 5 13 59 21 42 11 59 5 57 15 A|5thS.aft.Trinity 5 4 7 4 13 58 21 33 morn. 6 47 16 M 5 7 7 4 13 57 21 24 34 7 38 17 Tu 7?|isrise 54 m 5 8 7 3 13 56 21 14 1 15 8 33 18 W Vega so. 10 45 e. 5 8 7 3 13 55 21 3 2 3 9,30 19 Til D runs high 5 9 7 3 13 54 20 52 2 56 10/27 20 Fri 5 10 7 2 13 53 20 41 3 55 1 1 23 21 Sat 5 10 7 2 13 51 20 30 sets. cv. 16 22 A 0th S.aft.Trinity 5 11 7 1 13 50 20 18 8 10 1 5 23 M © ent. SI 5 11 7 13 49 20 6 8 40 1 51 24 Tu 9 rises 2 31 m. 5 12 7 13 48 19 54 9 7 2 33 25 W St. James 5 13 6 59 13 47 19 41 9 32 3 12 26 Til D in apogee 5 13 6 59 13 45 19 28 9 56 3 51 27 Fri h Stat. D a 5 14 6 58 13 44 19 14 10 20 4 30 28 Sat 5 14 6 57 13 43 19 1 10 46 5 10 29 A 7thS.aft.Trinity 5 156 57 13 42 18 47 11 16 5 62 30 M 5 16 6 56 13 40 18 32 11 50 6 39 31 Til Vefija so. 9 54 e. 5 im 55 13 39 18 18 morn. 7 29 Sth Month. AUGUST, 18*8. 31 days moon's phases. d. h. m. . .Or-iTOdOO-*® CC to Tfr-lTOOiniO-Tfl Full Moon, 5 4 18 E. O C8 Third Quarter, 12 7 23 M. ■" New Moon, 19 10 21 E. First Quarter, 28 2 48 M. S gjOOOOOOOO Day si <— iiOOiTOC^r-iiOO r-< r-l C<1 C^ N ^ n. Sun iSun ]Baij' s Suns Moon \Moon M w. Various Phenomena rises sets lengO idec.Ny sets. South H, M. H. M H. M. O ' H. M, H. M. 1 w 5 176 5£ 13 36 18 3 31 8 25 2 Th i) rus low 5 186 54 13 3C .17 47 1 21 9 25 3 Fri 9 ris. 2 42 m. 5 18;6 53 13 3i: 17 32 2 2( 10 27 4 Sat 5 19 6 52 13 3? 17 IC 3 27 11 28 5 A 8th S.aft.Trinity 5 20 6 51 13 32 17 rises. morn. 6 M 5 20 6 51 13 30 16 44 7 51 27 7 Tu AItairso.l0 38e. 5 2116 50 13 29 16 27 8 25 1 22 8 W 3) in perigee 5 22 6 49 13 27 16 10 8 57 2 14 9 Th 1)9> [135 m. 5 22'6 48 13 26 15 53 9 28 3 4 10 Fri Fomalhaut so. 5 23 6 47 13 24 15 35 10 3 53 11 Sat 5 23!6 46 13 22 15 18 10 35 4 43 12 A G. IV. b, 1762 5 24 6 45 13 21 15 11 15 5 35 13 M Q. Adelaide b. 5 25 6 44 13 19114 42 12 6 29 14 Tu [1792 5 25 6 43 13»1&|14 23 morn. 7 25 15 W □ €> b . 3) r. h. 5 26 6 42 13 16 14 5 52 8 22 16 Th 5 27 6 41 13 14 13 40 1 48 9 18 17 Fri 9 ris. 3 2 m. 5 27 6 40 13 13 13 27 2 49 10 U 1 18 Sat 7>i in -* CO -H c m lO lO m in in o New Moon, 18 2 39 E. First Quarter, 26 3 46 E. ^^S s^Z Dajsl lo oj CO t^ .-H in OS --H ^ N CM (N D D. !sun Sun Daifsl Sun's Moon Moon M W. Various Phenomena. rises sets /ensrth\dec.N " 1 sets. South H. M. H. M. H. M. o ' H. M.I H. M. 1 Sat Altair SO. 9 ev. 5 37 6 23 12 46 8 18 2 15 10 8 2 A 5 37 6 21 12 44 7 56 3 27 11 5 3 M }is £0.4 10 ra. 5 44 6 7 12 24 3 48 43 8 8 14 Fri [1776 5 44 6 61 2 22 3 25 1 44 8 59 15 Sal Sur. ofN. York 5 45,6 5 12 20 3 2 2 43, 9 46 16 A 14lhS. aft.Trin. 5 46 6 4 12 IS 2 39 3 41 10 29 17 M 5 40 6 2 12 16 2 15 4 37 11 10 18 Tn Gvis. eclipsed 5 47 j6 1 12 14 1 52 sets. 11 49 19 W Inf6 O 5- D'n5 47;6 12 12 1 29 6 27 ve. 28 20. Th [ap. D y 5 48,5 58 12 10 1 6 6 52 1 7 21 Fri St. Mathevv 5 495 57 12 9 42 7 19 1 47 22 Sal <502/ 5 495 56 12 7 N.19 7 49 2 30 23 A Q enters iSi 5 50 5 54 12 5 S 5 8 24 3 16 24 M 9 rises 4 10 m. 5 50 5 53 12 3 28 9 5 4 6 25 Tu 5 51 5 52 12 1 51 9 54 5 26 W j) runs low 5 52, 5 51 11 59 1 15 10 51 5 56 27 Th 5 52 5 49 11 57 1 38 11 55 6 55 28 Fri ^ stationary 5 53 5 46 11 55 2 2 morn. 7 52 29 Sat 7>|- 00 t' C5 05 CO •rt* M 1— ^> — < r-i M Tt -H in 3D i> CO »n "* -rt< 05 *^ "^ Tf "^ "^ "^ "^ New Moon, 18 8 20 M. First Quarter, 26 2 50 M. ^S K ;::; D.ys Oi CO l^ ^ ^ OS .-1 r-H W C^ N D D. 6'wn Hun \Dmf'.- Sun'h Moon Moon M W. Various Phenomena. rises sets length dec.S. seis. South "" 1 H. M. H. M. H. M. ; H. M. H. M. 1 M 5 55 5 44|ll 49 3 12 3 27 10 35 2 Tu 5 in por. 5 55 5 43 11 47 3 35 4 38 11 27 3 W D ^ 5 56 5 42 11 45 3 58 rises. morn. 4 Th 5 gr. elongation 5 57 5 40 11 44 4 22 6 26 19 5 Fri Brainerd d. 1747 5 57 5 39 11 42 4 45 7 5 1 12 6 Sat 7>5tisso.2 16m. 6 2 5 31 11 28 7 25 37 7 43 13 Sat [for Am. 1736 6 3 5 29 11 26 7 48 1 35 8 28 14 A Wesley emb'k. 6 4I5 28 11 25 8 10 2 32 9 9 15 16 M 9 ris. 4 49 m. 3 4 5 27 11 23 8 32 3 27 9 49 Tu 3)^. Dinap. 6 5 5 26 11 21 8 54 4 20 10 27 17 W 8 6 5 35 11 19 9 17 5 14 11 6 18 Th St. Luke 6 6 5 24 11 17 9 39 sets. ll 46 19 Fri Corn\v.siir.l781 6 7 5 23 11 15 10 5 51 V 28 20 Sat 75|i<:sso, 1 1 m. 6 17 5 11 10 54 14 8 4 35 10 55 nth Month. NOVEMBER, 1838. 30 days. moon's phases. d. h. m. Full Moon, 1 6 18 E. Third Quarter, 8 8 43 E. New Moon, 17 1 56 M, First Quarter, 24 25 E. ^1 .■Tj^iOOQDOlOeCCO Daysl "'^^^^^^^ IT n. Sun Sun "ZW^ Sun's, Afoon Moon In w. Various Phenomena. rises sets length dec.S. sets. South H. M. H. M. H. w. ° ' H. M. H. M. 1 Til All saints 6 17 5 10 10 52 14 28 5 36 11 50 2 Fri 6 18 5 9 10 51 14 47 rises. morn. 3 Sat 2/ rises 3 46 m. 6 19i5 8 10 49 15 6 6 24 48 4 A Sup. 6 O 5 3 20'5 7 10 47 15 24 7 19 1 49 5 M ]) r. high. Pow- 6 21 5 6 10 40 15 43 8 20 2 50 6 Tu [derplotI605 22 5 6 10 44 16 1 9 23 3 50 7 W 7>!a 6 27 5 1 10 35,17 44 2 14 8 26 13 TUj 3 in apogee 6 285 1 10 33 18 3 7 9 a 14 W,75(<3 60. 6ni. 6 29 5 0|10 32 18 16 4 1 44 15 16 Th 6 30 5 10 30 18 31 4 57 10 26 Fri Teades. Boston 6 30 4 59 10 29 18 46 5 55 11 10 17 Sat [1773 6 31 4 59 10 27 19 I'sets. , 11 58 18 19 S M H? stationary D runs low 6 32 6 33 4 58 4 58 10 26 10 25 19 16 19 30 5 47 6 39 ev 50 1 45 20 Tu 2/ris. 2 53ra. 6 34 4 57 10 23 19 44 7 ^8 2 43 21 W 7*sso.ll35e. 35 4 57 10 22 19 57 8 43 3 39 22 23 Til 6 36 4 57 10 21 20 10 9 49 4 34 Fri 6 37 4 56 10 20 20 23 10 57 5 26 24 Sat 6Q>2 6 38 4 56 10 19 •20 35 morn. 6 16 25 A N.Y.evac.l783 6 38 4 56 10 17 20 47 3 7 6 26 M 1>Q> 6 39 4 56 10 16 20 59 1 9 7 63 27 Tu D in perigee 6 40 4 55 10 15 21 10 2 16 8 42 28 \V;:Vris. 2 29 m. 6 41 4 55 10 14 21 20 3 24 9 84 29 Th7*sso. 11 Be. 6 42 4 55 10 13 21 31 4 35 10 SO 30 Fri St. Andrew 6 43 4 55 10 12 21 41 5 48 a 39 J 12lh Month. DECEMBER, 1838. 31 days.l moon's PHASEij. D. H. M. to 1— t « t> 00 -* Tt< "* c<» m « c* c* ^ in 05 1— 1 .-H N N ~J D n. Snn 'Sun nay 's Siai's Moon \niuoit M w Various Phenomena. rises sefs leng th dec.S. rises. South H M. H. M. H. 1 M. o 1 H. M. H. M. 1 Sat □ ©¥ 6 44 4 55 10 il 21 50 rises. morn. 2 A Advent. 5 !"• li- 6 44 4 55 10 10 21 59 6 31 3 M 6 45 4 55 10 10 22 8 7 4 1 32 4 Tu 11 rises 2 9 m. 6 46 4 55 10 9 22 16 8 9 2 32 5 W 7^*sso. lOlOe. 6 47 4 55 10 8 22 24 9 12 3 27 6 Th Diet of Worm?, 6 48 4 55 10 7 22 31 10 13 4 16 7 Fri [1540 8 48 4 55 10 7 22 38 11 10 5 2 8 Sat 6 49 •i 55 10 6 22 45 morn. 5 43 9 A n©^. 1>9> G 50 4 55 10 5 22 51 5 6 23 10 M j) in ap. 6 51 4 55 10 5 22 57 59 7 2 11 Ti Landing at Ply- 6 51 4 56 10 4 23 2 1 52 7 41 12 VV [mouth 1620 6 52 4 56 10 4 23 6 2 47 8 21 13 Til 7*3 so. 10 8 e. 6 53 4 56 10 3 23 11 3 44 9 4 |14 Fri Washington d 6 53 4 56 10 3 23 14 4 44 9 51 15 16 Sat [1799 6 54 4 57 10 3 23 IS 5 45 10 42 A Confl.N.Y.1835 6 55 4 57 10 223 20 sets. 11 37 17 M $ 's gr, elong 6 55 4 57 10 2 23 23 5 29 ev. 34 18 Tu Sup. 6 $ 6 56 4 58 10 2 23 25 6 34 1 33 19 W 6 57 4 58 10 2 23 26 7 41 2 29 20 Tli llx. 1 17 m. 6 57 4 59 10 2 23 27 8 49 3 23 31 Fri St. Thomas 6 58 4 59 10 2 23 28 9 56 4 14 22 Sat ©enters VJ 6 58 5 10 2 23 28 11 1 5 2 23 A 4th S. in Adv. 6 59 5 10 2 23 27 morn. 5 50 24 M ^ Stat. 3) in per. 6 59 5 1 10 2 23 26 7 6 37 25 Tu Christmas 6 59 5 1 10 2 23 25 1 13 7 27 26 VV St. Stephen 7 5 2 10 2 23 23 2 20 8 19 27 Th St. John 7 5 3 10 2 23 21 3 30 9 15 28 Fri Innocents 7 1 5 3 10 3 23 18 4 41 10 14 29 30 Sat 7*so. 9 5 er. 7 1 5 4 10 3 23 14 5 50 11 15 A D r. high 7 1 5 5 10 3 23 11 rises. morn. 91 MJ in per 7 2 5 5 10 4 23 7 5 50 16 GEJ^ERAL GOVEfir^MEI\T OF THE UNITED STATES. The following is copied from, and compared with, the original roll, letter for letter, as it was passed in Convention, Geo. Wash- ington, President and deputy from Virginia, September 17th, 1787. The original document is presented as first drafted, to which the various amendments are appended. CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. ff'e, The People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. ARTICLE I. Section 1. All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United Slates, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Section 2. The House, of Representatives shall be com- posed of Members chosen every second year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature. No person shall be a Representative who shall not have at- tained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers, which shall be deter- mined bv adding to the whole number of free Persons, includ- 4 38 Govemmint of the United States. ing those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and exclndrng Indians not taxed, three-fiftiis of all other Persons. The actu- al Enumeration shall be made within three years after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent Term of ten years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New-Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Provi- dence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New- Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North-Carolina five, South-Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen in the Repi*esentation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fil! such Vacancies. The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Ofljcers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeach- ment. Section 3. The Senate of the United States shall be com- posed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legis- lature thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one Vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Exjiiration of the second Year, of the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one-third may be chosen every second Year; and if vacancies- happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next Meeting of the Legis- lature, which shall then fill such Vacancies. No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when Elected, be an Inha- bitant of that State for which he shall be > chosen. The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a Pre- eident pro-tempore, in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United Sfcites, Constitution of the United States. 29 The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeach- ments: When sitting for that Purpose, they sliall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two-thirds of the Menv bers present. Judgment in Cases of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honour, Trust or Profit under the United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to Law. Section 4. The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elec- tions for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the Places of chusing Senators. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and snch meeting shall be on ihe First Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a dilTerent Day. Section 5. Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller N-umber may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized ta compel the attendance of absent Members, in such manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two-thirds, expel a Member. Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the Yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of one-fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal. Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall without the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Section 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be pri- vileged from arrest during their attendance at the Session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be iiuestioned in any other Place. I 40 Government of the United States. No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, or the Emoluineats whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no Person holding any office under the United States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continu- ance in Office. Section 7. AH Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on other Bills. Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representa- tives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be present- ed to the President of the United States; if he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Ob- jections at large on their Journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases the votes of both Houses shall be deter- mined by Yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days (Sunday excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a Law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which case it shall not be a Law. Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Re- presentatives, according to the Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill. Section 8. The Congress shall have Power to lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to Pay the Debts and pro- vide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United Stales; To borrow Money on the credit of the United States; To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes; To establish an uniform F.ule of NaturaUzation, and uniform Constitution of the United States. 41 laws on the subject of Bankraptcies throughout the United States; To coin Money, regulate the Vahie thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the Standard ef Weights and Measures; To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; To establish Post Offices and Post Roads; To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by secur- ing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries; To constitute Tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court; To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Olfences against the Law of Nations. To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Year.?; To provide and maintain a Navy; To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces; To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions; To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Mili- tia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the Slates respec- tively, the Appointment of the OlFicers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed" by Congress; To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over sach District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congerss, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-yards, and other needful Buildings; — And To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or officer thereof. Section 9. The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now existing sliall think proper to admit, shaU not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thou- sand eight huadred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be impos- ed on euch importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Per- son. 42 Government of the United States, The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be sus- pended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the pub- lic Safety may require it. No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed. No Capitation, or other direct, Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken. No Tax or Duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State. No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another. No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Conse- quence of Appropriations made by Law: and a regular Statement and account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from lime to time. No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United Slates: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any pre- sent, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any Kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State. Section 10, No Stale shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but Gold and Sil- ver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attain- der, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Con- tracts, or grant any Title of Nobility. No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any Slate ou Im- ports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Revi- sion and Coniroul of the Congress. No Slate shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Du- ty of tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, or widi a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay. ARTICLE II. Section 1. The Executive Power shall be vested in a Presi- dent of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vic3-Pre- sident, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows Constitution of the United States. 43 Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State niay be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representa- tive, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United Slates, shall be appointed an Elector. The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of ivhom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State ivilh themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the num- ber of votes for each; ivhich List they shall sigji and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the Uni- ted States, directed to the President of the Senate. The Pre- sident of the Senate shall, in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted. 'J he Person having the greatest Number of votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of votes, then the House cf Representatives shall immediately chuse by Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said House shall in like manner chuse the President. But in chasing the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representation from each State having one Vote; Ji quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two- thirds of the Slates, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a Choice. In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person having the greatest Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more tvho have equal Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by Ballot the Vice President. The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Elec- tors, and the Day on which they sliall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States. No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Ofiice of President; neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty-live Years, and been fourteen years a Resident within the United States. In Case of the Removal of the President from office, or of his Death, Resignation, or inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Ofllce, the same shall devolve on the Vice- President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the Presi- 44 Government of the United States. dent and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disa- bility be removed, or a President shall be elected. The President shall, at stated Times, jreceive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them. Before he enter en the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following oath or Affirmation: — "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, pro- tect and defend the Constitution of the United States." Section 2. The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several Slates, when called into the actual Service of the Uni- ted States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the princi- pal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Sub- ject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for offences against the United States, except ia Cases of Impeachment. He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and witli the Ad- vice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United Slates, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law; but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior OtTicers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments. The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Com- missions which shall expire at the end oftheir next Session. Section 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as lie shall judge necessary and ex- pedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Hoa- ses, or either of them, and in case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Am- bassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Offi- cers of the United Stales. Section 4. The President, Vice-President and all Civil Offi- cers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Im- Constitulim of the United States. 45 peachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors. ARTICLE III. Section 1. The Judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, re- ceive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be di- minished during their Continuance in Office. Section 2. The Judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority; — to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, oth- er public Ministers and Consuls; — to all cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction; — to Controversies to which the United States shall be a party; — to Controversies between two or more States; — between a State and Citizens of another State; — be- tween Citizens of different States, — between Citizens of the same State claiming lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Ci- tizens or Subjects. In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the Supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate Juris- diction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and un- der such Regulations as the Congress shall make. The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not com- mitted within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Pla- ces as the Congress may by Law have directed. Section 3. Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Ene- mies, giving them aid and Comfort. No person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testi- mony of two Witnesses to the same overt act, or on Confession in open Court. The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person at- tainted, 49 Government of the United States, ARTICLE IV. Section 1. Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shaH be proved, and the Effect thereof. Section 2. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States. A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State hav- ing Jurisdiction of the Crime. No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due. Section 3. New States maybe admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other Stale; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Paris of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the Umted States, and nothing in this Constitution shall be eo construed as to prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State. Section 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall pro- tect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence. ARTICLE V. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the sever- al States, shall call a Convenlion for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, ag Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three- fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may- bo proposed by the Congress; provided that no Amendment "srliich may be made prior to the Year one thousand eight hun- Constitution of the United Stales. 4T dred and eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal Suf- frage in the Senate. ARTICLE VI. An Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confedera- tion. This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the Supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United Statet and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious Te»t shall ever be required as a qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States. ARTICLE VII. The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufiicient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the same. Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States Present; the Seventeenth Day of September, in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven end of the Independence of the United States of America the Twelfth. In Witness whereof We have hereunto sub- scribed our Names, GO. WASHINGTON, Presidt, Attest, > and deputy from Virginia. William Jackson, Secretary, 3 A^ew- Hampshire — John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman. Mas- sachusetts — Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King. Connecticut — Wm. Saml. Johnson, Roger Sherman. N^ew York — Alexander Hamilton. New-Jersey — Wil. Livingston, David Brearley, Wm. Paterson: Jona: Dajton. Pennsylvania — B. Franklin, Thomas Miifiin, Robt. Morris, Geo. Clymer, Thos. FitzSimons, Jared Ingersoll, James Wilson, Gouv. Morris. Delaware — Geo: Read, Gunning Bedford, jun., John Dickuison, Richard Bassett, Jaco: Broom. .Maryland — James M'Henry, Dan. of 48 Government of the United States. St. Thos. Jenifer, Danl. Carroll. Virgijiia — John Blair, James Madison, Jr. North- Carolina — Wm. Blount, Riclid. Dobbs Spaight, Hu. Williamson. South- Carolina — J. Rutledge, Charles Cotesvvorth Pinckney, Charles Pinckney, Pierce Butler. Georgia — William Few, Abr. Baldwin. [Congress at its first session, begun and held in the City of New-York, on Wednesday, the 4th of March, 1789, propos- ed to the Legislatures of the several States, twelve amend- ments to the Constitution, ten of which, only, were adopted. They arc the ten first folio wing.^ ■ : AMENDMENTS To the Constitution of the United States, ratified according to the provisions of the Vth Article of the foregoing Consti- tution. Article the first. Congress shall make no Law respecting an establishment of Religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of Speech, or of the Press; or the right of the People peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a Redress of grievances. Article the second. A well regulated Militia, being neces- sary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. Article the third. No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. Article the fourth. The right of the People to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasona- ble searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or Af- firmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. Article the fifth. No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice putinjeopardy of lifeorlimb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due proces-s of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. Article the sixth. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and District wherein the Crime shall have been Conslitulioji of the United States . 49 committecl, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, alid to be informed of the Nature and Cause of the accu- sation; to be confronted with the Witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining Witnesses in his favour, and to have the Assistance of Counsel i'or his defence. Article the seventh. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by Jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a Jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United Slates, than according to the rules of the common law. Article the EIGHTH. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor Excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. Article the ninth. The enumeration in the Constilu'ion, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage oth- ers retained by the people. Article the tenth. The Powers not delegated to the United States, by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the State:;, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. Article the eleventh. The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equi- ty, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any foreign State. Article the twelfth. The Electors shall meet \\\ tlieir res- pective Stales, and vote by ballot for President and Vice Presi- dent, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice President, and they shall make distinct. lists of all Persons voted for as President, and of all Persons voted fur as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the Government of die United States, directed to the President of the Senate : — The President of tlie Senate sliall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the Certifi- cates and die votes shall then be counted; — The person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the Presi- dent, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Elec- tors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, tlie house of Hepresenta- tives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing tlie President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a Member or Me.Tibers from two-thirds 5 50 €rov&rnment of tlie United States. of the Slates, and a majorily of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if the house of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon liism, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other Constitutional disability of the President, 'i'he Person having the greatest number of votes as Vice President, shall be the Vice President, if such number be a majorily of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a Majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose tlie Vice President; a quorum for the purpose shall con- sist of two-thirds of the wliok number of Senators, and a major- ity of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. Bat no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice President of the United States. From the American Almanac. THE UNITED STATES ALIEN LAWS. [The follov/ing paper containing an abstract of the Law relat- ing to Aliens, as it regards their right of holding and conveying propci-iy in ll^e diflerent States of the Union, has been furnished by Mr.' P. V/. Chandler.] The Preliminary Remarks in this paper have been condensed chielly from Chancellor Kent's " Commentaries on American Law." With respect to the statements in relation to some of the states, there is a possibility of error, owing to the difficulty which has been experienced in procuring complete sets of the Laws of all the states. It is believed, however, that the statements may be rciied on as generally correct. Preliminary Remarks. — An alien is a person born without "the jurisdiction of the United States. There are some excep- tions, however, to this rule, both by the English law, and by sta- tute regulations in our own country. By the English law, the issue of public ministers abroad, and children born abroad, of English fathers, are considered as natives; but it is essential, in the'^latler case, that tlie father should go and continue abroad in the character of an Englishman. By an act of Congress, it is declared, that c'uldren of parents duly naturalized under the laws of the United States being under the age of tv?enty-one years, fehall, if dwelling in the United States, be considered as citizens; and by subsequent statutes, it v/ould seem to be sufficient for the fflthcr to be naturalized. In regr.rd to children of citizens of the ^iien Laws of the United States. 51 United States born without the limits of this country, there is 4 statute, passed in 1802, but it refers to those only, whose parents vfexQ citizens at that time; consequently the provision narrows rapidly by the lapse of time, and the period will soon arrive when there will be no statute regulation for the benefit of children born abroad, of American parents, and they will b3 obliged to resort for aid to the dormant and doubtful principles of the Common Law. An alien cannot acquire a title to real property by descent, or by any right created by other mere operation of law; but he may purchase land or take it by devise, though he is exposed to the danger of being devested of the fee, and of having his lands for- feited to the state, and if he dies, the inheritance escheats of course. He may sell 1-and to a citizen, and the conveyance is good as against himself, but the purchaser takes it subject to the right of the government to seize the land. The better opinion is, that aliens may take a lease for years, and they are capable of acquiring, holding, and transmitting movable property, in like manner as our own citizens, and they can bring suits for the recovery and protection of that property. Even alien enemies, lawfully resident in the country, may sue and be sued as in times of peace. An alien may take a mortgage upon real estate by way of security of a debt, but it is doubtful whether he may become a valid purchaser of the mortgaged pre- mises sold at his instance. During the residence of aliens in this country, they owe a local allegiance and are equally bound with natives to obey all general laws for the maintenance of peace, and the preservation of order, and which do not relate specinlly to our own citizens. If they are guilty of any illegal act, or involved in disputes with our citi- zens or with each other, they are answerable to the ordinary tri- bunals of the country. If an alien dies before he has taken any steps under the act of naturalization, his personal estate goes according- to his will, or if he dies intestate, then according to tiie law of distribution of ths state of his domicile at the time of his death. If aliens come here, with an intention to make this country their permanent residence, they will have many inducements to become citizens. The terms upon which any alien, being a free white peis.on, can be naturalized, are prescribed by several acts of Congress. It is required, that he declare on oath, before a state court, being a court of record with a seal ami clerk, and hav- ing common law jurisdiction, or before a circuit or district court of the United States, or before a clerk of either of the said courts, two years at least, before his admission, his intention to become a eitisen, and to renounce his allegiance to his own sovereign. 62 Government of the United States. This declaration need not be made, if the alien be a minor under twenty-one years of age, and shall have resided in the United States three years next preceding his arrival to majority. It is sufficient to be mado at the time of such minor's admission, and that he then declare on oath, and prove to the satisfactien of the court, that for three years next preceding, it was his bona fide intention to become a citizen, and then five years residence, in- cluding the three years of his minority, will entitle him to admis- sion as a citizen, on complying with the other requisites of the law. At the time of an alien's admission, his country must be at peace with the United States, and he must, before one of these courts, take an oath to support the Constitution of the United Slates, and likewise, on oath, renounce and abjure his native al- legiance. He must, at the time of his admission, satisfy the court by other proof than his own oath, that he has resided five years, at least, within the United States, and one year, at least, within the state where the court is held; and if he shall have ar- rived after the 18th of June, 1812, his residence must have been continued for five years next preceding his admission, without being at any time during the five years out of the territory of the United States. He must satisfy the court, that, during that time, he has behaved as a man of good moral character, is attached to the principles of the Constitution of the United States, and well disposed to the good order and happiness of the same. He must, at the same time, renounce any title or order of nobility, if any he hath. The law further provides, that if any alien shall die after his declaration, and before actual admission as a citizen, his widow and children shall be deemed citizens. A person thus duly naturalized, becomes entitled to all the pri- vileges and immunities of natural-born subjects, except that a re- sidence of seven years is requisite to enable him to hold a seat in Congress; and no person, except a natural-born citizen, is eligi- ble to the oflice of governor m some of the states, or to the office of President of the United States. LAWS OF THE DIFFERENT STATES. After havino' given this general outline of the common law and of the statutes of the Federal government affecting aliens, it will be proper to show in what respects the former is modified or controlled by the local statute regulations of the several states; and for this purpose a brief abstract of the statutes of those states that have legislated on this subject will be given. It should be borne in mind, hov/ever, that all privileges granted to aliens by a state, are strictly local, and they are not entitled in any other state, to any privileges other than those secured to them by tha laws of that stale. ^Hen Laws of tht United Statet. $Z Maine. — Any person who has purchased real estate during alienage and afterwards become naturalized, is entitled to hold and dispose of the same, in the same manner, as if he were a na- tural-born citizen; and any alien, who files in any court of record, a declaration of his intention to become a citizen of the United States, and afterwards, befoie the expiration of three years, dies, not having been naturalized, if such alien during the three years becomes seized of any real estate, it descends to his heirs, or may be disposed of by will, in the same manner as if he were a citizen. Alienage in the widow of a citizen is no objection to her receiv- ing dower, nor is it any impediment to any person claiming a distributive share of personal estate, as issue, widow, or other- wise. Vermont. — By the Constitution of this state, it is provided, that every person of good character who comes into the state, and settles, and takes an oath of allegiance to the same, may there- upon purchase, and by other just means acquire, hold, and trans- fer land, and after one year's residence, become entitled to all tha privileges of a natural-born citizen, except that he is not capabia of being elected governor, lieutenant-governor, treasurer, coun- cillor, or representative in assembly, until after two years' resi- dence. Massachusetts. — The alienage of a woman does not bar her right of dower, excepting as to land conveyed by her husband, or taken from him by execution previous to February, 1813, With respect to alie is claiming a distributive share of personal estate, the law is the same as in Maine. On the death of an alien, pdministration of the estate, if there be no widow or next of kin in this state, is granted, of right, to the consul or vice-consul of the nation to which he belonged, if there be any in this state. When any person is disabled to prosecute an action in the courts of this commonwealth, by reason of his being an alien, subject, or citizen of any country at war with the United States, the time of the continuance of such war is deemed no part of the respective periods, limited by statute for the commencement of suits at law. Connecticut. — The Superior Court, on the petition of any foreigner, who has resided in the state at least six months, may empower such person to receive and hold land for all purposes, and in the same manner as if he were a natural-born citizen. No person who is not an inhabitant of this slate, or of any of the United States, wiio comes to reside in any town in the state, gains a settlement in such town, unless admitted by the vote of the inhabitants, or by consent of the civil authority and select- 5* 54 Government of tha United States. men of such town, or iniless such person is appomted to, and ex- ecutes, some public office. Neiv York. — Aliens are enabled to take and hold lands in fee, and to sell, mortgage, and devise, but not demise or lease the same, equally, as if they were native citizens; provided that the parly had previously taken an oath, that he was a resident of, and intends always to residein, the United States, and to become a citizen thereof as soon as he could be naturalized, and that he had taken the incipient measures required by law for that pur- pose. The power to sell, assign, mortgage, and devise real es- tate, is to continue for six years from the time of taking the oath; but the alien is not capable of taking or holding any lands, des- cended, devised, or conveyed to him previously to his becoming such resident, and taking the oath above mentioned; and if he dies within the six years, his heirs, being inhabitants of the United Slates, take by descent, equally as if he had been a citizen. If an alien sells and disposes of any real estate, which he is en- titled by law to hold and dispose of, he may take a mortgage for the purchase money, and may become a repurchaser on a sale made to enforce -payment. Aliens holding real estate by virtue of these provisions, are subject to duties, assessments, taxes, and burdens, as if they were citizeut; but are incapable of voting at any election, or of serving on any jury, or of holding any civil office. - Alienage of an ancestor does not affect the inheritance; nor is it any impediment to a widow's receiving dower, if she be a re- sident of the stats at the time of the death of the alien. Every devise of any interest in real property to a person, who, at the time of the death of the testator is an alien, not authorized by statute to hold real estate, is void. An alien who has not taken the preliminary measures to enti- tle him to naturalization, is not competent to serve as an exe- cutor. The limitation act, so far as it affects alien enemies, is not in force during the continuance of war with their country. New Jersey — In many respects the restraints upon the aliens' holding real estate are entirely removed in this state. Pennsylcania. — Alien friends may purchase lands, tenements, and hereditaments within this commonwealth, not exceeding five thousand acres, and may have and hold the same as fully to all intents and purposes, as any natural-boin citizen may do. They may also acquire, take, hold, and dispose of real estate by des- cent or devise, in as full and ample a manner, as the citizens of the state. Delaware. — Aliens resident in tliis state, having made a de- claration according to hw, of their intention to become residents JiHen Laws of thi United StaUt. &5 of the United States, are capable of holding and aliening lands; and, on the death of such aliens, their lands descend and pass in the same manner, as if they were citizens. The kindred of such aliens, if residing in the state, although aliens, may take lands by the intestate law equally with citizens, but those who do not thus reside are passed by, and the effect is the same as if they were dead. On the death of an alien, his personal estate is distributed like that of a citizen, and it is no impecHment to the kindred of an alien or other intestate that they are aliens. Maryland. — Aliens actually residing in the state may take, hold, and dispose of real property as if they were citizens, provi- ded that every male alien, who thus has an interest in real estate, shall, within one year after the acquisition of such real estate, make a declaration according to the laws of the United States, of his intention of becoming a citizen thereof, and shall, within twelve months after his being capable of becoming a citizen, na- turalize himself. If such alien die within the time required for his making the declaration of becoming a citizen or of being naturalized, then his lands descend in the same manner as if he were a citizen; but if it falls to a male descendant, he takes them on the same condi- tions as the original holder. The heirs of any alien holding real property, may have and hold the same in like manner as citizens; but they must, if male, take it on the same conditions as the original holder. If an alien, holding lands, neglects to make the declaration or to become naturalized, all conveyances made by him are as good as if he had complied with the law; and where naturalization is not obtained by fraud, if there be any defect in the proceedings, such defect does not invalidate any conveyances which the alien may have made. Virginiu. — Alien friends who come into the statoand make a declaration before some court of record, that they intend to reside therein, are capable of taking, holding, and disposing of lands in the same manner as if they were natural-born citizens; and in case of the death of such aliens, their lands descend to their heirs, whether aliens or citizens. But the persons to whom such land is aliened or devised, or shall have descended, must come to reside in the slate, and make declaration of their intention so to do within five years after such alienation, devise, or descent. South Carolina. — In this state there are statute provisions in favor of aliens similar to those in New York. Georgia. — Alien friends who enroll their names in the office of the clerk of the Superior Court of the county where they pro- pose to reside, may hold, sell, and devise all kinds of personal 5€« partment of the government, who form the Cabinet, and who hold their offices at the will of the President. John Forsyth, Georgia, Secretary of State, 6,000 L. Woodbury, New Hampshire, Sec. of the Treasury, 6,000 Joel R. Poinsett, South Carolina, Secretary of War, 6,000 Mahlon Dickerson, New Jersey, Secretary of the Navy, 6,000 Amos Kendall, Kentucky, Postmaster General, 6,000 Benjamin F. Butler, New York, Attorney General, 4,000 DEPARTMENT OF STATE.— John Foestth, Secretary. Aaron Ogden Dayton, Chief Clerk, 2,000 W. S. Derrick, (Diplomatic Bureau,) 1,600 F. Markoe, (Consullar Bureau,) 1,400 A. T. McCormick, (Home Bureau,) 1,400 PATENT OFFICE. H. L. Ellsworth, Commissioner, 3,000 Thomas Johns, Chief Clerk, 1,700 Robert Mills, Examining Clerk, 1,600 58 Oovernment of the United States. TREASURY DEPARTMENT.— Levi WooDBUHr, Secretary. Salary. McClintock Young, Chief Clerk, 2,000 Comptrollers. Chief Clerks. First, George Wolfe, $3,500 John Laub, 1,700 Second, Albion K. Paris, 3,000 John N. Moulder, 1,700 .Auditors. First, Jesse Miller, 3,000 William Parker, 1,700 Second, William B.Lewis, 3,000 James Eakin, 1,700 Third, Peter Hagner, 3,000 James Thompson, 1,700 Fourth, James C. Pickett, 3,000 Thomas H. Gillis, 1,700 Fifth, Stephen Pleasanton, 3,000 Thomas Mustin, 1,700 John Campbell, Treasurer, 3,000 William B. Randolph, Chief Clerk, 1,700 Thomas L. Smith, Register, 3,000 Michael Nourse, Chief Clerk, 1,700 Henry D. Gilpin, Solicitor, 3,500 GENERAL LAND OFFICH. James S. Whitcomb, Commissioner, 3,000 John M. Moore, First Clerk of Surveys, 1,800 S. D. King, Principal Cterk, . 1,800 M. Fitzhugh, Principal Clerk of Claims, 1,800 Matthew Burchard, Solicitor, 2,000 WAR DEPARTMENT.— JoEi, R. PoistsTT, Secretary. J. A. Cochran, Chief Clerk, 2,000 Lawrence L. Van Kleeck, Clerk, 1,600 BOUNTY LANDS. William Gordon, Principal, 1,400 INDIAN AFFAIRS. Carv A. Harris, Commissioner, 3,000 Daniel Kurtz, Chief Clerk, 1,000 PENSION OFFICE. James L. Edwards, Commissioner, 2,500 George W. Crump, Chief Clerk, 1,600 adjutant-general's OFFICE. Roger Jones, Colonel and Adjutant-General. Lorenzo Thomas, 1st Lieutenant 4th Infantry. E. Schriver, 2d Lieutenant 4th Artillery. Brooke Williams, Chief Clerk, 1,150 Executive. SO PAYMASTER general's OFFICE. Salary. Nathan Towson, Paymaster General, 2,500 N. Frye, Jan., Chief Clerk, 1,700 TOPOGRAPHICAL BUREAU. John J. Abert, Lieut. Colonel and Topographical Eng. Aug. Canfield, Captain and Assistant do. E. B. White, Lieutenant and Assistant do. Robert Fowler, Clerk, 800 PURCHASING DEPARTMENT. C. Irvine, Commissary General of Purchases, 3,000 Timothy Banger, Chief Clerk, 1,500 CLOTHING DEPARTMENT. John' Garland, Brevet Major. SUB5ISTANCE DEPARTMENT. George Gibson, Brigadier General, Commissary General. James H, Hook, Major and Commissary of Siibsistance. Charles G. Wilcox, Clork, 1,350 surgeon-general's office. Thomas Lawson, Surgeon General. 2,500 Richard Johnson, Clerk, 1,150 quartermaster-general's office. Major T. Cross, Acting Quartermaster General. T. F. Hunt, Major of 5th Lifantry, Assistant. William A. Gordon, Clerk, 1,150 ENGINEER DEPARTMENT. Gcaeral Charles Gratiot, Chief Engineer. Lieutenant K. E. Lee, ? \ • , < Lieutenant G. W. Cullura, 5 ^^^sis.ants. ARMY LIST. Alexander Macomb, Major- General, General-in-Chief: — Head Quarters, Washington City. On the 19th of May, 1837, an alteration was made in tlje line marking the limits of tlie two great military divisions. This line now commences at the mouth of the Mississippi, thence proceed- ing up that river lo Cassville, in the Territory of Wisconsin; and tiience north to the line of demarkation between the United States and Canada. All west of that line forms the Western JJicision: and all east, the Eastern Division. Edmund P. Gaines, Brigadier-General, (Major-General by bre- vet,) Commander of the Western Divinon; — Head Quarters Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. - 60 Government of the United Statet. Winfield Scott, Brigadier- General, (Major-Ger.eral by brevet,) Commander of the Eastern JDivision; — Head Quarters, Elizabethtown, N. J. Two aids-de-carap are allowed to each of the generals com- manding the two divisions, and one Inspector-General is attach- ed as chief of the staff to perform the duties of Adjutant and In- spector General. — Col. John E. Wool is Inspector-General of the Western Division; and Col. George Croghan of the Eastern Division. The two Divisions are subdivided into the following seven Departments. Department 1. All the country embraced within the Wes- tern Division above the 37lh deg. N. Lat. Department 2. All the country v/ithin the Western Division below the 37th deg. N. Lat. Department 3. T'he States of Kentucky, Tennessee, Missis- sippi, Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, and the Territory of Flo- rida. Department 4. South Carolina, North Carolina, and Vir- ginia. Department 5. Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York. Department 6, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine. Department 7. Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, and that part of the Wisconsin Territory embraced within the Eastern Division. Organization of the Armys as stated by Colonel Roger Jones, Adjutant- General, November 30th, 1836. General Staff, 14 Ordnance Department, 308 Medical Department, 70 2 Reg's of Dragoons, 1,498 Pay Department, 18 4 Reg's of Artillery, 2,180 Purchasing Department, 3 7 Reg's of Infantry, 3,829 Corps of Engineers, 22 Topograpliical Department, 10 Total, 7,958 Major- Gen oral, 1 Majors, 23 Brigadier-Generals, 2 Adjutant?, 2 Adjutant-General, 1 Captains, 146 Inspectors-General, 2 First Lieutenants, 168 Quartermasters, 4 Second Lieutenants, 163 Quartermaster- General, 1 Sergeant-Majors, 13 Commissary-Gen, Subsist. 4 Quartermaster-Sergeants , 1^ Commissaries, 2 Sergeants, 478 Surgeon-General, 1 Corporsls, 504 Executive 61 ' 16 4 40 212 20 108 Surgeons, 15 Assistant-Surgeons, 60 Paymaster-General, 1 Commissary-Gen. Purchases, 1 Piiy masters, 17 Military Storekeepers, 2 Colonels, 15 Lieutenant-Colonels, 15 Total commissioned, 648. — Total non-commissioned officers, musicians, artificers, and privates, 7,310. — Grand Total, 7,958. Total number of the Militia in the United Slates, as stated by Col. George Bumford, Colosel of Ordnance, Nov. 22d, 1836, 1,326,821. Principal Musicians, Chief Buglers, Buglers, Musicians, Farriers and Blacksmiths, Artificers, Enlisted men for Ordnance, 250 Privates, 5,625 NAVY DEPARTMENT.— Mahlon Dickekson, Secretary, Sulanj. John Boyle, Chief Clerk, 62,000 NAVY COMHISSIONERS. Isaac Chauncey, President, Charles Morris, A. S. Wadsworth, C. W, Goldsborough, Secretary, W. G. Ridgeley, Chief Clerk," Captains, 50 Masters Commandant, 48 Lieutenants, 296 Surgeons, 50 Passed Assistant Surgeons,' 14 Assistant Surgeons, 43 Pursers, 41 Chaplains, 9 VESSELS OF WAR OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY. 3,500 3,500 3,500 2,000 1,600 THE NAVY. Passed Midshipmen, 198 Midshipmen, 2§6 Sailing Masters, 27 Boatswains, 19 Guiiners, 20 Carpenters, 19 Sailmakers, 19 Guns. FrankMn, 74 Washington, 74 Columbus, 74 Ohio, 74 SHIPS OF THE LINE. Guns. North Carolina, 74 Delaware, 74 Pennsylvania, 74 Alabama, 74 FRIGATES, FIR8T CLASS. Guns, j Guns. Independence, 64 j United States, 44 6 Guns. Vermont, 74 Virginia, 74 New York, 74 Guns. Constitution, 44 62 Qovernment of the United Stalet. Guns. Guns. Guns. Guerriere, 44 Hudson, 44 Sabine, 44 Java, 44 Columbia, 44 Savannah, 44 Potomac, 44 Santee^ 44 Rarilan, 44 Brandywine, 44 Cumberland, 44 St. Lav/rence, 44 FRIGATES, SECOND CLASS. Guns. Guns. Constellation > 36 Macedoni an, 36 BLOOPS OF WAR. Guns. Guns. Guns. John Adams, 24 Boston, 18 Falmouth 18 Cyane, 24 Lexington, 18 Fairfield, 18 Erie, 18 V^incennes, 18 Vandalia, 18 Ontario, 18 Wavrcn, 18 St. Louis, 18 Peacock, 18 Natchez, SCHOONERS 18 ETC. Concord, 18 Guns. Guns. Guns. Dolphin, 12 Enterprise, 12 Porpoise, Grampus, 12 Boxer, 12 Fox, 3 Shark, 12 Experiment, 12 Sea Gull, (galliot) GENERAL POST-OFFICE.— Amos Kejtdai-l, Posttnastcr-General. Salary. Charles K. Gardner, Auditor of the Post-Office, Selah R. Hobbie, Assist. Postmaster-General, 1st Di?. $3,000 2,.50O 2,500 2,500 2,000 Robert Johnson,-, do. . do. do. 2d Div. Daniel Coleman, do. do. do. 3d Div. Peter G. Washington, Chief Clerk, . ABSTRACT From the Postmaster- GeneraVs last Report, December 4^, 1837. Sir: — On the 1st July last the post routes of the United States in operation were, as nearly as can be ascertained, 141,242 miles in extent, and the annual transportation of the mails upon them 32,597,006 miles, viz : On horses and in sulkies, 11,999,282 In stages and coaches, 18,804,700 In steamboats and railroad car«, 1,793,024 The increase of routes in operation during the preceding year was 22,978 miles, and of the annual transportation 5,018,620. Frem the 1st of January next, the post routes covered by con- trasts will be at least 142,'877 miles in length, and the rate of an- nual t-ransportatien upon them 30,228,982 miles. Extcuiive, 6S The nnmber of post offices in the United States on the 1st of July last was 11,707, showing an increase of 676 within the preceding year. The number of post offices established within the year was 956, the number discontinued 280, and the changes of post mas- ters 2,235. The number of post offices on the 1st instant was 12,099. The postmasters generally perform tlieir duties with admirable fidelity and precision. The number of contractors in the mail service during the last year was 1,082. Of these, 430 have been fined more or less for various delinquences, and the aggregate of fines imposed, and deductions made, during the jear, is $41,705 95. Most of the contractors have always been energetic and faith- ful, and, among the rest, there has been, within the last year, a very sensible improvement. The revenue of the Department for the last year, including the estimate for deficient returns, was $4,137,050 59 The expenditures, including an estimate of de- mands not adjusted, was 3,380,847 75 Excess of revenue over expenditure, 756,208 84 The increase of the whole*^ar was 2O2 per cent, over the revenue of the preceding year, producing $228,834 59 more than was estimated. The advancement of the Department in other respects is equal- ly satisfactory. In 1835. In 1837. Post offices 10,770 12,099 Miles of mail routes under contract 1 12,774 142,877 Miles of annual mail transportation 25,869,486 36,228,982 Revenue $2,993,576 $4,137,056 III 1835, the Department was laboring under an extraordinarv debt of $600,000; in 1837, it has a surplus of $800,000. RATES OF POSTAGE. ON A SINGLE LETTER COMPOSED For any distance not exceeding Over 30, and not exceeding Over 80, and not exceeding Over 150, and not exceeding Over 400 miles A Ze^/e?' composed of two pieces of paper, is charged with '\Q- ces, wilh quadruple. " One or more piecas of paper, mailed as OF ONE PIECE OF PAPER ; 30 miles, 6 cents. 60 " 10 " 150 " 12J . " 400 •' 18| " 25 6i Oovsrnment of the United Statet. a letter, and weighing one ounce, shall be charged with quadrvt- pie postage; and at the same rate, should the weight be greater." NEWSPAPER POSTAGE. For each Newspaper, not carried out of the State in which it is published, or, if carried out of the State, not carried over 100 iniles, 1 cent. Over 100 miles, and out of the State in which it is published, 1^ cents. MAGAZINES AND PAMPHLETS. If published periodically, distance not exceeding 100 miles, l^cts. per sheet. Ditto do. distance over 100 " 2J " « If not pub. periodically, distance not exceeding 100 " 4 " " Ditto do. distance over 100 " 6 " " " Every Printed Pamphlet or Magazine which contains more than twenty-four pages, on a royal sheet, or any sheet of less dimensions, shall be charged by the sheet; and small pamph- lets, printed on a half or quarter sheet, of royal or less size, shall be charged with half the amount of postage charged on a full sheet." The postage on Ship Letters, if delivered at the offiee where the vessel arrives, is six cents, if conveyed by post, two cents in addition to the ordinary postage. PRIVILEGE OF FRANKING. Letters and packets to and from the following officers of the government, are by law received and conveyed by post, free of postage. The President and Vice-President of the United States, Se- cretaries of State, Treasury, War, and Navy; Attorney-General; Postmaster-General, and Assistant Postmasters-General; Comp- trollers, Auditors, Register, and Solicitor of the Treasury; Trea- surer; Commissioner of the General Land Office; Commission- ers of the Navy Board; Commissary-General; Inspectors-Gener- al; Quartermaster-General; Paymaster-General; Supprintendent of Patent-Office; Speaker and Clerk of the House of Representa- tives; President and Secretary of the Senate; and any individual who shall have been, or inay hereafter be, President of the Uni- ted Stales; and each may receive newspapers by post, free of postage. Each member of the Senate, and each member and delegate of the House of Representatives, may send and receive, free of pos- tage, newspapers, letters, and packets; weighing not more than two ounces (in case of excess of weight, excess alone to be paid for,) and all documents printed by order of either House, from the period of sixty days before he takes his seat in Congress, till tho next meeting of the next Congress. Executive. OS Postmasters may send and receive, free of postage, letters and packets not exceeding half an ounce in weight; and they may re- ceive one daily newspaper, each, or what is equivalent thereto. Printers of newspapers may send one paper to each and every Qlher printer of newspapers within the United States, free of pos- tage, under such regulations as the Postmaster-General may pro- Tide. THE JUDICIARY.— SopKEMK Court. Salary. Roger B. Taney, Baltimore, Md., Chief Justice, $5,000 Joseph Story, Cambridge, Mass., Associate Justice, 4,500. Smith Thompson, New York, N. Y., do. 4,500 John McLean, Cincinnati, Ohio, do. 4,500 Henry Baldwin, Pittsburg, Pa , do. 4,500 James M. Wayne, Savannah, Ga., do. 4,500 Philip P. Barbour, Gordonsville, Va. do. 4,500 John McKinley, Florence, Ala., do. 4,590 John Catron, Nashville, Ten., do. 4,500 Benj. F. Butler, Washington, D. C, Attorney-General, 4,000 Richard Peters, Philadelphia, Reporter, 1,000 William T. Carroll, Washington, Clerk, Fees, etc. The Supreme Court is held in the city of V/ashington, and ha? ©ne session, annually, commencing on the second Monday of January. CIRCUIT COURTS. The United States are divided into the nine following judicial circuits, in each of which a Circuit Court is held twice every year, for each State, within the circuit, by a Justice of the Su- preme Court, assigned to the circuit, and by the District Judge of the State or District, in which the court sits. Presiding Judges. 1st Circuit, Maine, N. Hampshire, Mass. and R. I., Justice Story. 2d do. Vermont, Connecticut and N. Y., J-tistice Thompson. New Jersey and Pennsylvania, Justice Baldwin. Delaware and Maryland, Chief Justice Taney. Virginia and North Carolina, Justice Barbour. South Carolina and Georgia, Justice Wayne. Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan, Justice McLean. Kentucky, Tennessee and Missouri. Justice Catron. 9th do. $ Alabama, Mississippi, II. Dis- ) j^^^^.^^ McKinley. ^ trict of Louisiana & Arkansas. 3 -^ 6* 3d do. 4th do. 5tU do. 6th do. 7th do. 8th do. 66 Mississippi State Government. There ig a local Circuit Court held by three Judges in the District of Columbia, specially appointed for that purpose. The Chief Justice of that Court sits also as District Judge of that District. GOVERNMENT OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI. Constitution of the State of Mississippi, as revised in Conven- tion, on the twenty-sixth day of October, A. D. 1832. ARTICLE I. DECLARATION OF RIGHTS. That the general, great and essential principles of liberty and free government may be recognized and established, we declare : — Sec. 1. That all freemen, when they form a social compact, are equal in rights; and that no man, or set of men, are entitled to exclusive, separac public emoluments or privileges from the community, but in consideration of public services. Sec. 2. That all political power is inherent in the people, and all free governments are founded on their authority and establish- ed for their benefit; and, therefore, they have at all times an una- lienable and indefeasible riglit to alter or abolish their form of government, in such manner as they may think expedient. Sec. 3. The exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination, sliall forever be free to all persons in this State : Provided, Thai the right hereby declar- ed and established shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness, or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State. Constitution of the State of Mississippi. 07 Sec. 4. No preference shall ever be given by law to any reli- gious sect, or mode cf worship. Sec. 5. That no person shall be molested for his opinions on any subject whatever, nor softer any civil or political incapacity, or acquire any civil or political advantage, in consequence of such opinions, except in cases provided for in this Constitution. • Sec. 6. Every citizen may freely speak, write and publish his sentiments on all subjects; being responsible for the abuse of that liberty. Sec. 7. No law shall ever be pass««l to curtail or restrain tha liberty of speech, or of the press. Sec. 8. In all prosecutions or indictments for libel, the truth may be given in evidence; and if it shall appear to the jury that the matter charged as libellous is true, and was published with good motives and for justifiable ends, the party shall be acquitted; and the jury shall have tiie right to determine the law and the facts. Sec, 9. That the people shall be secure in their persons, hou- ses, papers and possessions fi'om unreasonable seizures and searches; and that no warrant to search any place, or to seize any person or things, shall issue without describing the place to be searched, and the person or thing to be seized, as nearly as may be, nor without probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation. Sec. 10. That in all criminal prosecutions the accused hath a right to be heard, by himself or counsel, or both; to demnnd the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted by the wit- nesses against him; to have a compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and in all prosecutions by indictment or information a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury of the county where the oflence was committed; that he cannot be com- pelled to give evidence agjdnst himself, nor can he be deprived of his life, liberty or property, but by due course of law. Sec. 11. No person shall be accused, arrested or detained, ex- cept in cases ascertained by law, and according to the form which the same has prescribed; and no person shall be punished but in virtue of a law established and promulgated prior to the offence, and legally applied. Sec. 12. That no person shall, for any indictable offence, be proceeded against criminally by information; except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or the militia, when in actual service, or by leave of the Court, for misdemeanor in office. Sec. 13. No person shall, for the same oITence, be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall any person's property be taken or applied to public use without the consent of the Legis- lature, and without just compensation being first made therefor. Sec. 14. Tliat all courts shall be open, and every pereon for 08 Mississippi State Government. an injury done him in his lands, goods, person, or reputation, shall have remedy by due course of law, and right and justice administered without sale, denial or delay. Sec. 15. That no power of suspending laws shall be exercis- ed, except by the Legislature, or its authority. Sec. 16. That excessive bail shall not be required, nor exces- sive flues imposed, nor cruel punishments inflicted. Sec. 17. That all prisoners shall before conviction be bailable by sufucient securities, except for capital offences, where the proof is evident, or the presumption great; and the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless, when in case of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it. Sec. 18. That the person of a debtor, when there is not strong presumption of fraud, siiall not be detained in prison, after deli- vering up his estate for the benefit of his creditors, in such man- ner as shall be prescribed by law. Sec. 19. No conviction for any offence shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate : The Legislature shall pass no bill of attainder, ex post facts law, nor law impairing the obliga- tion of contracts. Sec. 20. No property qualification for eligibility to oflice, or for the right of suffrage, shall ever be required by law in this State, Sec. 21. That the estates of suicides shall descend or vest as in cases of natural death: and if any person shall be killed by casualty, there shall be no forfeiture by reason thereof. Sec. 22. That tlie citizens have a right in a peaceable manner, to assemble together for their common good, and to apply to those vested with the powers of government lor redress of griev- ances, or other proper purposes; by petition, address or remon- strance. Sec. 23. Every citizen has a right to bear arms in defence of himself and of the State. Sec. 24. No standing anny shall be kept up without the con- sent of the Legislature; and the military shall in all cases, and at all times, be in strict subordination to tlie civil power. Sec. 25. That no soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, or in time of war, but in manner to be prescribed by law. Sec. 26. That no hereditary emoluments, privileges or honors shall ever be granted or conferred in this State. Sec. 27. Emigration from this State shall not be prohibited, nor shall any free white citizen of tliis State ever be exiled under any pretence whatever. Sec. 28. The right of trial by jury shall remain inviolate. Sec. 29. No person shall be debarred from prosecuting- or de- Constitution of the State of Mississippi. 6f fending any civil cause for or against him or herself before any tribunal in this State, by him or herself, or counsel, or both. Sec. 30. No person shall ever be appointed or elected to any office in this State for life or during good beliavior; but the tenure of all offices shall be for some limited period of time, if the per- son appointed or elected thereto shall so long behave well. CONCLUSION, To guard against transgressions of the high powers herein de- legated; TP'e Declare, that every thing in this article is except- ed out of the general powers of government, and shall forever re- main inviolate; and that all laws contrary thereto, or to the fol- lowing provisions shall be void. ARTICLE II. DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS. Sec. 1. The powers of the government of the State of Missis- sippi shall be divided into three distinct departments, and each of them confided to a separate body of magistracy; to wit : those which are Legislative to one, those which are Judicial to another, and those which are Executive to another. Sec. 2. No person, or collection of persons, being of one of these departments, shall exercise any power properly belonging to either of the others, except in the instances hereinafter ex- pressly directed or permitted. ARTICLE III. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT. Sec. 1. Every free white male person of the age of twenty- one years or upwards, who shall be a citizen of the United States, and shall have resided in this State one year next preced- ing an election, and the last four months within the county, city or town in which he offers to vote, shall be deemed a qualified elector. And any such qualified elector who may happen to be in any county, city or town, other than that of his residence at the time of an elecition, or who shall have removed to any coun- ty, city or town within four months preceding the election, from any county, city or town, in which he would have been a qualifi- ed elector, had he not so removed, may vote for any State or Dis- trict officer or member of Congress, for whom he could have vo- ted in the county of his residence, or the county, city or town, from which he may have so removed. Sec. 2. Electors shall, in all cases, except in those of treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest, during 79 Mississippi Stale Govei-nment. their attendance on elections, and going to and returning from the same. Sec. 3. The first election shall be by ballot, and all future elections by the people, shall be regulated by law. Sec. 4. The legislative power of this Slate shall be vested in two distinct branches : the one to be styled " the Senate," the other " the House of Representatives;" and both together " The LegislaUire of the Stale of Mississippi." And the style of their laws shall be, " Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Mississippi.^' Sec. 5. The members of the House of Representatives shall be chosen by the qualified electors, and shall serve for the term of two years, from the day of the commencement of the general elec- tion, and no longer. Sec. 6. The representatives shall be chosen every two years, on the first Monday and day following in November. Sec. 7. No person shall be a representative unless he be a ci- tizen of the United States, and shall have been an inhabitant of this State two years next preceding his election, and the last year thereof a resident of the county, city or town for which he shall be chosen, and shall have attauied the age of twenty-one years. Sec. 8. Elections for representatives for the several counties, shall beheld at the places of holding their respective courts, or in the several election districts into which the county may be divi- ded : Provided, That when it shall appear to the Legislature, that any city or town halh a number of free white inhabitants, equal to the ratio then fixed, such city or town shall have a sepa- rate representation, according to the number of free white inha- bitants therein, which shall be retained so long as such city or town shall contain a number of free white inhabitants equal to the existing ratio, and thereafter and during the existence of the right of separate representation in such city or town, elections for the county in which such city or town entitled to a separate re- presentation is situated, shall not be held in such city or town. And provided. That if the residuum or f,;;stion of any city or town, entitled to separate representation shall, when added to the residuum in the county in which it may lie, be equal to the ratio fixed by law, for one representative; then the aforesaid county, city or town, having the largest residuum, shall be entided to such representation : Jind provided also, That when there are two or more counties adjoining, which have residuums over and above the ratio tlien fi ^ed by law, it said residuums, when added together, will amount to such ratio, in that case one representative shall be added to that county having the largest residuum. Sec. 9. The Legislature sliall at their first session, and at pe- riods of not less than overv four, nor more than every six years, Constitution of the State of Mississippi. 71 nntil the year 1845; and thereafter at periods of not less than ere- ry four, nor more than every eight years, caii5e an enumeration to be made of all the free white inhabitants of this State, and the whole number of Representatives shall at the several periods of making such enumeration be fixed by the Legislature, and ap- portioned among the several counties, cities or towns entitled to separate representation, according to the number of free white in- habitants in each, and shall not be less than thirty-six, nor more than one hundred: Provided, however, That each county shall always be entitled to at least one Representative. Sec. 10. The whole number of Senators shall, at the several periods of making the enumeration before mentioned, be fixed by the Legislature, and apportioned amouff the several districts to be established by law, according to the number of free white inhabi- tants in each, and shall never be less than one-fourth, nor more than one-third, of the whole number of Representatives. Sec. 11. The Senators shall be chosen by the qualified elec- tors, for four years, and on their being convened in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided by lot from their res- pective districts into two classes, as nearly equal as can be. And the seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year. Sec. 12. Such mode of classifying new additional Senators shall be observed, as will as nearly as possible preserve an equal- ity of numbers in eic\\ class. Sec. 13. When a Senatorial district shall be composed of two or more counties, it shall not be entirely separated by any county belonging to another district; and no county shall be divided in forming a district. Sec. 14. No person shall be a Senator unless he be a citizea of the United States, and shall have been an inhabitant of this State four years next preceding his election, and the last year thereof a resident of the district for which he shall be chosen, and have attained the age of thirty years. Sec. 15. The house of representatives, when assembled, shall choose a speaker and its other oflicers, and the senate shall choose a prepidenl and its oflicers, and each house shall judge of the qualifications and elections of its own members, but a contested election shall be determined in such manner as shall be directed by law. A. majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to do business, but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may compel the attendance of absent members, in such man- ner and under such penalties as each house may provide. Sec. 16. Each house may determine the rules of its own pro- ecedings, punish members for disorderly behaviour, and with the consent of two-thirds, expel s member, but not a second time for 73 Mississippi State Governmmt. the same cause; and shall have all other powers necessary for • branch of the legislature of a free and independent State. ' Sec. 17. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and publish the same; and the yeas and nays cf the members Oi either house, on any question, shall at the desire of any three members present, be entered on the journal. Sec. 18. When vacancies happen in either house, the gover- nor, or the person exercising the powers of the governor, shall is- sue writs of election to fill such vacancies. Sec. 19. Senators and Representatives shall in all cases, ex- cept of treason, felony, or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during the session of the Legislature, and in going to and returning from the same, allowing one day for every twenty miles such member may reside from the place at which the Legislature is convened. Sec. 20. Each house may punish, by imprisonment, during the session, any person not a member, for disrespectful or disor- derly behavior in its presence, or for obstructing any of its pro- ceedings : Provided, such imprisonment shall not, at any one time, exceed forty-eight hours. Sec. 21. The doors of each house shall be open, except on such occasions of great emergency, as, in the opinion of the house, may require secrecy. Sec. 22. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which they may be sitting. Sec. 23. Bills may originate in either house, and be amended, altered or rejected by the other, but no bill shall have the force of a law, until on three several days, it be read in each house, and free discussion be allowed thereon, unless four-fifths of tha house in which the bill shall be pending, may deem it expedient to dis- pense with this rule; and every bill having passed both houses, shall be signed by the speaker and president of their respective houses. Sec. 24. All bills for raising revenue shall orioinate in the House of Representatives, but the Senate may amend or reject them as other bills. Sec. 25. Each member of the Legislature shall receive from the public treasury a compensation for his services, which may be increased or diminished by law; but no increase of compensa- tion shall take effect during the session at which such increase shall have been made. Sec. 26. No Senator or Representative shall, during the term for which he shall have been elected, nor for one year thereafter, be appointed to any civil office of profit under this State, which shall have been created, or the emoluments of which shall have Constitution of tJte State of Mississippi. T3 I'een inp.reased, dnring such term; except such offices as may be; filled by elections liy the people, and no member of either house of tlie Legislature shall, ufier the commencement of the first" session of the L^gislaiiire afler his elciticin, nnd during the remainder of ihe term for which he is elected, be eligible to any otfice or place, the appointment to which may be made ill whole or in part by either branch of the Legi.-lature. Sec. 27. No judge of any court of law or equiiy, secretary of state, attorney general, clerk of any court of record, sheriff or collector, or auv person holding a lucrative office under tiie United States or this State, shall be eligible to the Legislature: Frovii/eJ, That offices in the militia, to which there is attach- ed no annual salary, and the office of justice of the peace, shali not be deemed lucrative. Sec. 28. iNo person who hath heretofore been, or hereafter may be, a collector or hnlder of public moneys, shall have a seat in either house of the Legislature, until such person shall have accounted for, and paid into the treasury, ail sums for which he may be accountable. Sec. 29. The first election for senators and representatives shall be general throughout the state, and shall he held on the first Monday and dav following in November, i833; and there- after, there shall be biennial elections lor senators to fill the places of those whose term of service may have expired. Sec. 30. The first and all future sessions of the legislature shali be held in the town of Jackson, in tlie county of Hinds, un- til the year 1850. During the first session ihcreafier, tlie legis- lature shall have power to desia;nate by law the permanent seat of Government : Provided, however, That unless such designation be then made by law, ihe seat of Government shall continue permanently at the town of Jackson. The first ses- sion shall commence on the third Monday in November, in the year 1833. And in every two years thereafter, at such time as may be prescribed by law. Sec. 31. The Governor, Secretary of State, Treasurer, Au- ditor of Public Accounts and Attorney General shall reside at the seat of Government. ARTICLE IV. JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT. Sec. 1. The Judicial power of this state shall be vested in one High Court of Errors and Appeals, and such other courts of law and equity as are hereafter provided for in this consti- tution. Sec. 2. The High Court of Errors and Appeals shall con- 7 74 H-fississippi State Government, aist of three judges, any two of vvliom shall form a quorum. The legislature shall divide the state into three districts, and the qualified electors of each district shall elect one of said judges for the term of six years. Sec. 3. The oliice of one of said judges shall be vacated ia two years, and of one in four years, and of one in six years, 80 that at the expiration of every two years, one of said judges shall be elected as aforesaid. Sec. 4. The High Court of Errors and Appeals shall have no jurisdiction, but such as properly belongs to a court of er- rors and appeals. Sec. 5. AH vacancies that may occur in said court, from death, resignation or removal, shall be filled by election as aforesaid: Provided, howeuer, That if the unexpired terra do not exceed one year, the vacancy shall be filled by executive appointment. Sec. G. No person shall be eligible to the office of Judge of the High Court of Errors and Appeals, v/ho shall not have attained, at the time of his election, the age of thirty years. Sec. 7. The High Court of Errors and x\ppeals shall be held twice in each year, at such place as the Legislature shall direct, until the year eighteen hundred and thirty-six, and af- terwards at the seat of government of the state. Sec. 8. The Secretary of Slate, on receiving all the official returns of the first election, shall proceed, forthwith, in the presence and with the assistance of two justices of the peace, to determine by lot among the three candidates having the highest number of votes, which of saidjudges elect shall serve fur the term of two years, which shall serve for the term of four years, and which shall serve for the term of six years, and having so determined the same it shall be the duty of the governor to issue commissions accordingly. Sec. 9. No judge shall sit on the trial of any cause when the parties or either of them shall be connected with him by affinity or consanguinity, or when he may be interested in the same, except by consent of the Judge and of the parties; and whenever a quorum of said court are situated as aforesaid, the governor of t'he stale shall in such case specially commission two or more men of law knowledge for the determination thereof. Sec. 10. The Judges of said court shall receive for their services a compensation to be fixed by law, which shall not be diminished during iheir contiiuiance in oflice. Sec. 11. Tlie Judges of the Circuit Court shall be elected by the qualified electors of each judicial district, and hold theic Constitution of the State of Mississippi. 76 offices for the term of four years, and reside in their respective districts. Sec. 12. No person shall be eligible to the office of Judge of the Circuit Court, who shall not at the time of his election, have attained the age of twenty-six \ears. Sec. 13. The st'-iie shall he divided into convenient districts, and each district shall contain not less than three nor more than twelve counties. Sec. 14. Th(! Circuit Court shall have original jurisdiction in all matters, civil and criminil, within this slate; but in civil cases only when the principal of the sum in controversy ex- ceeds fifty dollars. Sec. 15. A Circuit Court, shall be held in each county of this state, at least twice in each year; and the judges of said courts shall interchaUire circuits with each other, in such man- ner as may be prescribed by law, and shall receive for their services a coai[iensation to be fixed by law., which shall not be diminished during their continuance in (office. Sec. 16. A se()araie Superior Court of Chancery shall be established, with full jurisdiction in all matters of equity; Pro- vided, however, The Legislature may give to tlie Circuit Courts of each county equity jurisdiction in all cases where the value of the thing, or amount in conlroversv, does not ex- ceed five hundred dollars; also, in all cases of divorce, and for the foreclosure of mortgages. The chancellor sh ill he elected by the qualified electors of the whole state, for the term of six years, and shall be at least thirty years old at the time of his election. Sec. 17. The style of all process shall be "The State of Mississippi," and all prosecutions shall he carried on in the name and by the autliorily of "The State of Mississippi," and shall cjnclude " against tlie peace and dignity of the same." Sec. 18. A court of probates shall be established in each county of this stale, with jurisdiction in all matters testamen- tary and of administration in orphans' business and the allot- ment of dower, in cases of idiocy and lunacy, and of persons non compos mentis. The judge of said court shall be elected by the qualified electors of the respective counties, for the term of two years. Sec. 19. The clerk of the High Court of Errors and Ap- peals shall be appointed by said court for the term of four years, and the clerks (tf the circuit, probate and other inferior courts, shall be elected by ihe qualified electors of the respec- tive counties, and shall hold their offices for the terra of two vears. 'ft Missisirippi State Government. Sec. 20. The qualified electors of each county shall elect five persons for llie term of two vears, who shall constitute a board of police for ea(;h county, a majority of whom may transact business, wliich body shall have full jurisdiction over roads, highways, ferries and bridges, and all odier matters of county police; and shall order all county elections to fill va- cancies that may occur in the offices of their respective coun- ties: The clerk of the Court of Probates shall be the clerk of the Board of County Police i^ec. 21. No person shall be eligible as a member of said board, who shall not have resided one year in the county; but this qualification shall not extend to such new counties as may hereafter be established until one year after tiftir organization; and all vacancies that may occur in said board shall be suppli- ed by election as aforesaid to fill the unexpired term. See. 22. The Judges of all the courts of this state, and also the members of the board of county police, shall in virtue of their (■ffices be conservators of the peace, and shall be by law vested with ample powers in this respect. Sec. 23. A competent number of justices of the peace and constables shall be chosen in each county bv the qualified electors thereof, by districts, who shall hold their offices for the term of two years; the jurisdiction of justices of the peace shall be limited to causes in which the principal of the amount in controversy shall not exceed fifty dollars : in all causes tri- ed by a justice of the peace, the right of appeal shall be secur- ed under such rules and regulations as shall be prescribed by law. Sec. 24. The legislature may from lime to time establish such other inferior courts as may be deemed necessary, and abolish the same whenever they shall deem it expedient. . Sec. 25. There shall be an attorney general elected by ihe qualified electors of the state; and a competent number of dis- trict attorneys shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective di.-tricts; whose compensation and term of service shall be prescribed by law. Sec. 26. The legislature shall provide by law for determin- ing contested ileciions of Judges of the Higii Court of hrrors and Appeals, of the Circuit and Probate Courts, and other officers. S c. 27. The judges of the several courts of this stale, for wilful neglect of duty or other reasonable cause, shall be re- moved by the trovernor on the address of iwo-lhirds of both liouses of the legislature; the address to be by joint vote of both houses. The cause or causes for which such removal shall be required, shall be stated at length in such address, and on Constitution of the Slate of Mississippi. 77 the journals of each house. The judge so intended to be re- moved, shall be notified and admitted to a hearing in his own defence before any vote for such address shall pass : The vote on such address shall be taken by yeas and nays, and entered on the journals of each house. Sec. 28. Judges of probate, clerks, sheriffs, and other coun- ty officers, for wilful neglect of duty, or misdemeanor in office, shall be liable to presentment or indictment by a grand jury, and trial by petit jury, and upon conviction shall be removed from office. ARTICLE V. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Sec. 1. The chief executive power of this state shall b« Tested in a governor, who shall hold his office for two years from the time of his installation. Sec. 2. The govtrnor shall be elected by the qualified elec- tors of the state. The returns of every election for governor shall bs sealed up and transmitted to the seat of government, directed to the secretary of state, who shall deliver them to the speaker of the house of representatives, at the next ensu- ing session of the legislature, during tlie first week of which session the said speaker shall open and publish them in the presence of both houses of the legislature. The person hav- ing the highest number of votes shall be governor, but if two or more shall be equal and hi^^liest in votes then one of them shall be chosen governor by the joint biiilot of both houses of the legislature. Contested elections for governor shall be de- termined by both houses of the legislature, in such manner as shall be prescribed by law. Sec. 3. The governor shall be at least thirty years of age, shall have been a citizen of the United States for twenty years, shall have resided in this state at least five years next preceding the day of his election, and' shall not be capable of holding the office more than four years in any term of six years. Sec. 4. He shall at staled timrr? receive for his services a compensstion which shall not be increased or diminished dur- ing the term for v/hich he shall be eiec'ed. Sec. 5. He shall be commander-in-chief of the army and navy of this state, and of the militia, except when they shall be called into the service of the United States. Sec. 6. He may require information in writing, from the officers in the executive department, on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices. 7* 78 Mississippi State Government. Sec. 7. He may i;i casps of emergency, convene the legis- lature at the seat of government, or at a different place, if that shall have become, since tlieir last adjournment, dangerous from an enemy or from disease; and in case of disagreement between the two houses with respect to the time of adjourn- ment, adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper, not beyond the day of the next stated meeting of the legisla- ture. Sec. 8. He shall from time to time give to the legislature, information of the state for the government, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessa- ry and expedient. Sec. 9. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully exe- cuted. Sec. 10. In all criminal and penal cases, except in those of treason and impeachment, he shall have power to grant re- prieves and pardons, and remit fines, and in cases of iorfeiture to stay the collection until the end of the next session of the legislature, and to remit forfeitures by and witii the advice and consent of the senate. In cases of treason he shall have power to grant reprieves by and with the advice and consent of the senate, but may respite the sentence until the end of the next se-siiin of the legislature. Sec. 11. All commisi-ioiis shall be in the name and by the authority of llie st.ite of Mississippi, be sealed with the great seal and signed by liie governor, and be attested by the secre- tary of >tate. S-'C. 12. There shall be a seal of this state, which shall be kej tby the governor, and used by him officially, and shall be called the great seal of the state of Mississippi. Src. 13. All vacancies not provid('d for in this constitution, shall be filled in such mann'^r as the legislature may prescribe. Sec. 14. The secretary of state shall be elected by the qual- ified electors of the state, and shall continue in office during the term of two years. He shall keep a fair register of all the official acts and proceedings of the governor, and shall when required, lay the same and all papers, minutes and vouchers relative thereto before the legislature, an I shall perform such other duties as may be required of him by law. Sec. 15. Every bill which shall have passed both houses of the legislature shall lie presented to tlie governor, if he ap- prove he shall sign it, but if not he shah return it wiih his ob- jections to the house in which it shall have originated, which shall enter ihe objerlio s at larjje upon their journals, and pro- ceed to consider it, if after siu-h reconsideration two-thirds of the house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent with the Constitution of the State of Mississippi. 79 objections to the other house, by wliich it sliall hkewise be re- consi iert-d, if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law : but in such case the voles of botii houses shall be determined by yeas and n^iys, and the names of the mem- bers voting for and against the bill, shall be entered on the journals of each house respectively : if any bill shall not be returned by the governor within six days (Sundays excej)led) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be- come a law in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the legislature by their ad|ournment prevents its return, in which cas^e it shall not become a law. Sec. 16. Every order, resolution or vote, to which the con- currence of both houses may be necessary, except resohiiions, for the purpose of obtaining the joint action of both houses, and on questions of adjournment, shall be presented to the governor, and before it shall take effect be approved by him, or being disapproved, shall be rejiassed by both houses ac- cording to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill. Sec. 17. Whenever the office of governor shall become va- cant by death, resignation, removal from office oi otherwise, the president of the senate shall exercise the office of gover- nor until another governor shall be duly qualitied; and in case of the death, resignation, removal from office or other disqual- ification of the president of the senate so exercising the office of governor, the speaker of the house of reprefeniatives shall exercise the office, until the president of the senate shall have been ciiosen, and when the office of governor, president of the senate, and speaker of the house shall become vacant in the recess of the senate, the person acting as secretary of state for the time being, shall by proclamation convene the senate, that ajiresident may be chosen to exercise the office of j^overnor. Sec. 18. When either the president or speaker of the house of representatives shall so exercise said office, he shall receive the compensation of governor onl}', and his duties as president or speaker shall be suspended, and the senate or house of re- presenlaiives, as the case may be, sliali fill the vacancy until his duties as governor shall cease. Sec. 19. A sheriff and one or more coroners, a treasurer, surveyor and ranger shall be elected in each county by the qualified electors thereof, who shall hold their offices for two years, unless sooner removed; ex -ept that the coroner shall hold his office until his successor he duly qualified. Sec. 20. A stale treasurer and auditor of public accounts shall be elected by the qualified electors of the stale, who shall S4J AAssissippi State Government. hold their offices for the term of two years, unless sooner re- moved. MILITIA. Sec. 1. The legislature shall provide by law, for organizing and disciplining the miliiia of this state, in such manner as they shall deem expedient, not incompatible with the consti- tution and laws of the United Slates, in relation thereto. Sec. 2. Commissioned officers of the miliiia, (staff officers and the ofhcers of vohmteer companies excepted) shall be elected by the persons liable to perform military duty, and the qualified electors wiihin their respective commands, and shall be commissioned by the governor. Sec. 3. The governor shall have power to call forth the mi- litia to execute the laws of the State, to suppress insurrection, and repel invasion. ARTICLE VI. IMPEACHMENTS. Sec. I. The house of representatives shall have the sole power of impeaching. Sec. 2. All impeachments shall be tried by the senate: — When sitting f )r that purpose the senators shall be on oath or affirmation : No person shall be convicted without the concur- rence of two thirds of the members present. Sec. 3, The governor, and all civil officers, shall be liable to impeachment for any misdemeanor in office; but judgment in such cases shall not extend further than removal from of- fice, and disqualilioation to hold any office, of honor, trust, or profit, under the state : but the party convicted shall neverthe- less, be liable and subject to indictment, trial and punisliment, according to law, as in other cases. ARTICLE VII. GENERAL PROVISIONS. Sec. 1. Members of the legislature, and all officers, execa- 4ive and judicial, before they enter upon the duties of their respective offices, shdl take the following oath or affirmation, to wit: " I solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be,) tliat I will support the Constitution of the United States, and the Constitution of the Slate of Mississippi, so long as I con- tinue a citizen thereof, and that I will faithfully discharge to the best of my abiliiies, the duties of the office of 20' cording to law. So help me God." Constitution of the State of Mississippi. 81 Sec. 2. The legislature shall pass such laws to prevent the evil practice of iluelling as ihey may deem necessary, and may require all oiFicers l)efi)re ihey enter on the duties of their res- pective offices, to take the following oath or affirmation: "I do soleuiuly swear, (or affirm, as the case may he,) that I have not been e gaged in a duel, b* sending or acceptin;^; a chal- le!!g(^ to light a duel, or by fighting a duel since the tirsl day <.f January, in the )ear of our Lord one thousand eighi hunihed and ihirty-iiiree, nor will I be so engaged duruig my coniiuu- ance in office. So help me God." Sec. 3. Treason against the state shall consist only in levy- ing war against it, or in adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses to tlie same overt act, or his own confession in open court. Sec. 4. Every person shall be disqualified from holding an office or place of honor or profit under the authority of tiiis state, who shall be convicted of having given or ofi'ered any bribe, to procure his election. Laws shall be inade lo exclude from oflice and from suffrage those who siiall hereafter be convicted of bribery, perjm-y, forgery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. The privilege of free suffrage shall be sup- ported by laws regulating elections and prohibiting, under adequate penalties, all undue influence therein, from power, bribery, tumult, or other improper conduct. Sec. 5. No person who denies the being of a God, or a fu- ture state of rewards and punishtnents, shall hold any office in the civil department of this state. Sec. 6. No laws of a general nature, unless otherwise pro- vided for, shall be enforced until sixty days after the passage thereof. Sec. 7. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury but in consequence of an appropriation made by law; nor shall any appropriation of money for the support of an army be made for a longer term than one year. Sec. 8. No money from the Treasury shall be appropriated to objects of Internal Improvement, unless a bill for that pur- pose be approved by two-thirds of both branch( s of the legis- lature; : n 1 a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditu es of pu Mic moneys shall lie |)ubli.shed annually. Sec. 9. No law shall ever be passed to rai^e a loan of mo- ney upon the credit of the state, or to pledge the f.ith of the slate for the payment or redempiioti of any loan or debt, un- Icbs such law be proposal in tiie Senate or House of Repre- sentatives, and be agreed to by a majority of the members of each house, and entered on their journals with the yeas and 83 Mississippi State Government. nays taken thereon, and be ref Tree] to ilie next succeeding le- gislature, and published for three mf)nlhs previous to the next regular election, in three newspapers of this state; and unless a majority of each branch of the legislature so elected, after such publication, shall agree to, and pass such law; and in such case the yeas and nays shall be taken, and entered on the journals of each house: Provided, That nothing in this sec- tion shall be so construed as to prevent the legislature from ne- gotiating a further loan of one and a half million of dollars, and vesting the same in stock reserved to ihe state by the charter of the Planters' Ba ik of the Slate of Mississippi. Sec. 10. The legislature shall direct by law in what manner and in what conrlss, suits may be brought against the state. Sec. 11. Absence on business of tliis state, or of the United States, or on a visit, or necessary private business, shall not cause a forfeiture of cilizenship or residence once obtained. Sec. 13. It shall be the duty of the legislature to regulate by law, the cases in which deductions shall be made from sa- laries of public officers for neglect of duty in their official capa- city, and the amount of such deduction. Sec. 13. No member of congress, nor any person holding any office of protit or trust under the United States, (the office of post master excepted,) or any other stale of the Union, or under any foreign power, shall hold or exercise any office of trust or profit under this state. Sec. 14. Religion, moraliiy, and knowledge, being neces- sary to good government, tiie preservation of liberty, and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education, shall forever be encouraged in this stsle. Sec. 15. Divorces from the bonds of matrimony shall not be granted, but in cases provided for by law, by suit in Chan- cery. Sec. 16. Returns of all elections by the people shall be made to the secretary of state, in such a manner as may be prescrib- ed by law. Sec. 17. No new county shall be established by the legis- lature, which shall reduce the county or counties, or either of them, from which it may be taken, to less contents than five hundred and seventy-six square miles, nor shall any new county be laid off" of less contents. Sec. 18. The legislature sliall have power to admit to all the rights and privileges of free white citizens of this state, all such persons of the Choctaw and Chickasaw tribes of Indians, as shall choose to remain in thi^ state, upon such terms as the legislature may from time to time deem proper. Constitution of the Slate of Mississiippi. M ^ Seel. Tlie legislature shall have no power to pass laws for the emaiicipauoii of slaves without the consent of their owners, unless where the slave shall have rendered to the state some distinguished service, in which case tlie owner shall be paid a full equivalent for the slave so emanjipated. They shall have no power to prevent emigrants to this state from bringing wi.h them such persons as are deemed slaves by the laws of any one of the United Stales, so loni^ as any person of the same age or description shall be continued in slavery by the laws of this state : Provided, That such person or slave be the bona file properly of such emigrants : And provided, also, That laws may be passed to prohibit the introduction into this state, of slaves who tnay have committed high crimes in other states. Thgy shall have power to pass laws to per- mit the owners of slaves to emancipate ihem, saving the rights of creditors, and preventing; them from becoming a public charge, 'i'iiey shall have full power to oblige the owners of slaves to treat them with humaniiy, to provide for them ne- cessary clothing and provisions, to abstain from all injuries to ihem extending to life or limli, and in case of tiieir neglect or refusal to com|)ly with the direction of such laws, to have such slave or slaves sold (or the benefit of the owner or owners. Sec. 2. The introductiBU of slaves into this state as mer- chandize or for sail ; shall be prohibited from and after the first day of May, eighteen hundred and thirty-three : Provi- ded, That the actual setiler or settlers shall not be prohibited from purchasing slaves in iiny state in this Union, and bring- ing them inio (his slate for iht^ir own individual use, until the year eighteen hundred and forty-five. Sec. 3. In the prosecution of slaves for crimes of which the punishment is not capital, no inquest by a grand jury shall be necessary : but the proceedings in such cases shall be regula- ted by law. MODE OF REVISING THE CONSTITUTION. Whenever two-Uiinls of each branch of ihe legislature shall deem any chan;^e, alteration or amendment necessary to this Constitution, such proposed change, alteration or amendment shall be read and passed by a majority of two-thirds of each house respectively on each day, lor three several days; public notice thereof shall then be given by the secretary of state at least sixth months preceding the next general election, at which the qualified electors shall vote directly for or against »iicb change, alteration or amenUment; and if it shall appear -84 Mississippi State Government. that a majority, of the qualified electors voting for members of the legislaliire, shall have voted for the proposed change, al- teraiion or ainsndineut, tliea. it shall ba inserted by ilie next suc'-ei^ding Ic^^islature, as a part of this Constiliuion, and not otiierwise. schi:duls. Sec. 1. All rights vested, and allliabilities incurred shall re- main ihe same a;^ if this ('oiistitnlion had not been adopted. Sec. 2. All suits at law or iii equity, now pending in the several courts of this state, may be transferred lo such court as may have proper jiirisdiclioii thereof. Sec. 3. The governor, and all officers, civil and military, now holding commissions under the authority of liiis stale, shall continue to hold and exercise their respective offices un- til the\ shall be superseded pursuant to the provisions of this Constitution, and until tiieir successors be duly qualifi-d. Sec. 4. All laws now in force in this state, not repugnant to this Constitution, shall continue lo operate until tfiey shall expire by their own limitation, or be altered or repealed by the legislature. Sec. 5. Immediately upon ihe adoption of this Constitution, the president of tliis convention shall issue writs (>f elrction directed to the sherirts of the several counties, requiring them to cause an election to be held on the first Monday and day following in December next, for members of the leijisUiture, at the ri'spective places of holdiiii^ eh^ctions in said counties, which elections siiall be conducted in the manner prescribed by the existing election laws of ihis slate : and ihe members of the legislature thus elected, shall continue in office until the next general election, and shall convene at the seat of govern- ment on the first Monday in January, eighteen hundred and ihirtv-three; and shall at their first session order an election to be held in everv county of this slate, on the first Monday in May and day following, eighteen hundred and thirty-three, for al! stale and county officers under this Consiilution (members of the legislature excepted.) and the officers then elected shall continue in office until the succeeding general election and af- ter, in the same manner as if ihe election had taken place at the time last aforesaid. Sec. 6. Until the first enumeration shall be made, as directed by this ( 'onstitution, the apportionment of senators and repre- sentaiivcs among the several districts and counties in this state, shall remain as at present fixed by law, P, RUTILIUS R- PRAY, President of the Convention, and Representative from the county of Hancock. Attest :~JoHN ILMallory, Secretnrv. Legislative Diperlment. 85 o o o o o o 9 ci ■t a . -rT 5 -so CLi aj &* 3 S? 03 CO c pL, a i o fit, »— 1 no ^< 00 V) ro l-H »r iJ 02 o O a u, <■ 5 a Eh ^-< -^t-< OO H yj w rj o o o o O s o^o_ !ri to a: w r-i o U^ ^ >. rr. O i^ - ^ Sr^ » > >* . a << r^ TT, Gc f State Accou w P °^ 1-3 >< ^ >% 3 a ALEXANDER G. Mc V W. Benson, Secreiar Saunders, Auditor of P §2:5 m. "»5 s b <-< fli >M *-i u. CD Vi «o =" ir. cu ttJ C2 a « n i> cj -^ a> ^ W """^ • o C _C 22 c r^ C3 c C3 a ! ^ u ca 2 S3 rt p ^ C a ^ u* cn 0:! i:^ J"* .)Z^ !-* K! ^ K> W t^ ^ _1_ t^5?; 05 «o ^ o- d OJ c^ ^ »— * K > . ^ '11 a-, Q_ca Ph ^ ^3 ~ Ci c^ J3 cu XJi c« '^ ^ u Co' c 1-3 IS c 2 '"' a) ca ►«5 Jr. "6 Is c CO a ^ 0) -C! jsl 3 ca £ T3 5 OJ S 2 C G 3 =« 1^ "0 • — ^0 "so CQ It-H fl - t-c ^gi^t-s-ii-^'-''-' a> ^ »-• - OJ m C .>>^ = c sf^scac ^ca £ c c ;-i •-= rt « c3*jcs«rtc:;:-'rtc3 ■S K. « <: c- cu ChPh a,-<;cuDHCuqL,p.c-a. <« CLi CU ^ C3 rt « t. L-u re n re d' E S G C G C c -s 'S-S O « o g^ 2 2 2 O O O o '^ C- rt rt IT. ui a m roOO.SCJ c ^ rt c >^-^ -i- ._ .j:; « CO C3 rt ■&. .2 "k O o ^ ^ ^ O o o o ^ OT 73 o > ^ c- W2 :2 r2 — 5 S S^ -T- '^ « ■= •^ 5= -7^ O a; C0^vi?§O a C J» CL fe. § -ai p^ S o o QJ S •t; 173 C3 »3 -^ ;^ o •-a c o ? ^•'w r^ era ^ g c § CO r- OJ OJ w -o ^ ^ h;; -t3 ;;:; " H ''2 WW cj ^ _li ^^ ^. bd F- >H ffi ^. L m O c3 O GO " ,_ w o c'J (/J C ►^ OJ o »-; > pq « -tj c CO age O I ;5 w C rt rt C 5 O 1- O • - " bf p»-. = f"-- ?-? C3 (U OJ •"» Ji « CO !: cH fe H* Legislative Department. 87 (N«--H MW rH(Mi-l(M i>i>i--coooOT)<0!rc!»naD c^ c j (m o 05 o t- i> n ©JNjN CO (N >Q T< e^ '^ ^? T> g ^^ ro -r}< CO g^ CO o ^ -^ > z w a:; m O o .r Ja o o a cQcuzci^oao5^oK;>fapHaa o.>SS2^-=«^^'C«bfl^=:^^'^:^*s1 • -ai-nir30s:,£;3.-^-::_ortaj!-,i-,>^a3:=;:::i.r:i-> 88 Mississippi State Government. •S ^" N o (TJ ■^ incoNcoowfo-* CO CO O O) CO ^ o — -* Q « C> Ci (>J w 1-t (N N (N N !^:S .age. CO o O Tf «3aO'<*il>«OQOl>'>-i lO in O OS ^ r-^ O GO -n« \Ci -* tH (^J oocootcnJits-^koo CO CO CO M ■<* co,-^ -^ ^J CJ fe •2 s 1^ 1 "S ™ C! - « -a. « s- Q « d c: >-, a ^j c ca >3 Pi R u* ^ !-, CO >^ rt fc( cu t- > C > rt t; t a: .2 '■So O rt "tfi ginia ntucli ntuck ginia nhC ginia nness ginia "So .2 be nnsy] ssissi insyl rthC w Yc wYc ssissi ^ ?i~» ^ oj d ,« i-i- S ^ OP:5 y o S-" -a O--^ CL, 3 02 ~~ f- M ^ t« C3 "o ^ 'o i t"^ E ;::5K^. ca ffi Of 03 « C4^ ^ ^ Oi g— w 30-^J, g oj^i-cai-,-— oF^s ho (I ca o o S .::i ^ z2 fl :=! *-' .r*. ca •— . t^ ca o ca -c ^ ca ^ „ 02 o. M "^ •* "3 o .S" '^ " ^ _i o o S O f- .3 ca S «^_2:2 S w ^ >_ " '^ O J2 rt -= Ji:^ -^ ;:^ ;.- ^^ ca .3 CI- O c»>^ Legislative Bepartmeni. 89 n 1-1 p-< c-< >o O M M l^ o ao x}> i-» 00 •^ . 2 hj -^ u, t: ao — C S-. S Plantef Merchant s a Hi J-i ll ■5 s - i^ J= ^ r." MaEsachuselts North Carolina Kentucky TO .5 eg .2 O 'So - O 3 Or? Tennessee South Carolina South Carolina North Carolina North Carolina South Carolina N. Hampshire North Carolina South Carolina S 5 o o North Carolina North Carolina Virginia r3 "p .2-^ .2 -a. > re fee g « O ::3 c ^ _.S S-g ^-^ rt-p Oi2 -a -< <^ ,- o >■ > c^ ll> I? H 9 ::§ o N HH ,-i; -o 'OS c 5.1 O c o c ^ S rt -5 o c -2 ^ •== J^ -a c ^ o .-s .= t- c o j3 O C fi, « Oi • — c -^ 5 ^ ^l3 ■r t* O «J te o c S CQ Oh n O X to OJ •5 X •-< rt « o o p .:; " c S « = — < X' 'o i .2 .2 -^ " S2; •;:: z 9 ■- = 02 •- o 90 Mississippi State Government. t-i ■< Di i-H CO N yj^g-e. CO o CO e-? Tt< cvj i>) CO '?j CO CO ^ ^ 8 o •CO .^j ^^ s ^ o » = «:s s M <" (D »- 5J C <^ 2 g >'S = 1; eg - o 1 - -a1 0^ (1- D-, «} Oh < dn C*1COCO"^COCO*^COCO Vi rt fc< « "S t5 'S W JS ;-i M ;-! C3 Oi rt ^-' /-\ rt^ --^ rt ai oj Ch rt cu oj .S r- fe ^ .i2 tr^ br.:£ "" SJ SJ 'TIS ^♦->;fi*--jt-itfiC^^ g(uOvr-. O - '^ O t" IX ,fe c ^ i fe C rt c -C O .- O gj a: o o rn cik o Cu. CQ :=: o "' == X .1 « ■> '^^ o '-: -^ pS irta. cj^ re't-, a>,'3 ^ 2 i:^ o -2 re 'S = -:: 'tt ^ £-^ 'P o toe r* « E c ^Mffi ,53 5-^ k "5 K i '« K -K s c P^?^ Tj o 3 c/) sa o. fcJO cr IS cj c 'Zi a M X- 72 t» '~> Tz:. jZ s:^ ■— tn il>ti.fc> "^^ P3 ^ K S aj O .2 O O >-i Judiciary Department. 91 JUDICIARY OF MISSISSIPPI. HIGH COURT OF ERRORS AND APPEALS. William L. Sharkey, ") Daniex W. Wright, I Judges. PUBLIUS RUTILLIUS R. PraY, J Hobert A. Patrick— Clexk. The High Court of Errors and Aopeals has no jurisdiction, except what properly belongs (o a court of Errors and Ap- peals; its sessions are holden on the 1st Monday of December and January, at Jackson; being virtually but one session per annum. CHANCERY COURT. Chancellor of the Stale, Edward Turner. B. L. Dixon, Ci'k= The Superior Court of Chancery has jurisdiction over all matters, pleas and complaints whatsoever, belonging to, or cognizable in a court of equity; it holds two sessions annually. CIRCUIT COURT. \st Judicial District, composed of the counties of Adams, Claiborne, Jefferson, Warren and Washington. George Coalter, Judge. John D. Freeman, District Attorney. Id Judicial District, composed of the counties of Yazoo, Holmes, Carroll, Yallobusha, Choctaw and Tallahatcliie. D. O. SiiATTL'cK, Judge. B. F. Curuthers, District At- torney. 3J Judicial District, composed of the counties of Wilkin- son, Amite, Franklin, Pike, Marion, Lawrence and Hancock. James Walker, Judge. C. C. Cage, District Attorney, Ath Judicicd District, composed of the counties of Copiah, Simpson, Covington, Smith, Scolt and Neshoba. BucKNER Harris, Judge. F. G. Peyton, District Attor- ney. 5th Judicial District, compos; 1 of the counties of Jackaon, Green, Perry, Vv'ayne, Jones, Jasper, Clark and Lauderdale. Thomas S. Sterling, Judge. John Watts, District Attor- ney. 93 3fississippi Stale Government. 6th Judicial District, composed of the counties of Lowndes, Noxubee, Kemper, Winston and Ocktibbeha. , Judge. Henry S. Bennett, District Atttorney. 1th Judicial District, composed of the counties of Atalla, Leake, Rankin, Madison and Hinds. C. R. Clifton, Judge. J. II. Rollins, District Attorney. Qth .Judicial District, compesed of the counties of Coaho- ma, Bolivar, Marshall, Lafayette, Panola, De Soto and Tuni- ca. Frederick W. Hulino, Jadge. S. B. Isaacs, District Attorney. 9th Judicial District, composed of the counties of Monroe, Chickasaw, Pontotoc, Tippah, Tishamingo and Itawamba. Stephen Adams, Judge. Reuben Davis, District Attor- ney. This court has original jurisdiction in civil cases, in which the sum in controversy exceeds fifty dollars. For each of the nine circuits, a judge and attorney are elected quadrennially, from November 1833. A TABLE Showing the times of meeting of the Circuit Court in each county of this State. Counties. On what Monday Court is . held. Names of County Seats. Adams id in April and October Natchez Amite 3d do do Liberty Atalla 1st do do Kosciusko Bolivar 3d do do Carroll 2d aft 4th in March and Sept, Carroll to a Chickasaw 6th aft 4th in April and Oct. Houston Choctaw 1st do do Greensborough Claiborne Itli in May and November Port Gibson Clarke 2d do do Quitman Copiah 1st do do Gallatin Coahoma 3d in April and October Covington 3d in May and November Williamsburg De Soto 4th T^ March and September Hernando Franklin 1st in April and October Meadville Green 1st do do Leakeville Hancock 1st in IMarch and September Shieldsboro' Hinds 2d aft 4t!i in April and Oct. Raymond Holmes 2d aft 4lh in March & Sept. Lexington Itawamba 7th aft 4lh in April and Oct. Fulton Judiciary Department. 93 Counties. On what Monday Court is held. Names of County Seats. Jackson Jasper Jefferson Jones Kemper Lauderdale Lawrence Leake Lafayette Lowndes Madison Marion Monroe Marshall Neshoba Newton Noxubee Oktibbeha Perry Punlotoc Pike Ponola Rankin Scott Simpsoa Smith Tallahatchie Tunica Tippah Tishamingo Warren Washington Wayne Wilkinson AVinston Yallabusha Yazoo Jackson c. h. 4th in March and September 1st in May and November 2d in June and December 4th in April and October 3d in May and 2d in Nov. 3d in May and November 3d in March and September 2d in April and October 1st aft 4th in April and Oct. 2d in April and October 4ih do do 2d in March and September 4th in April and October 1st in March and September 2d in June and 3d in Dec. 1st in January and July 2d in May and 1st in Nov. 5th in May and 4th in Nov. 3d in April and October 2d aft 4th in April and Oct 4th in March and September 4th in April and October 3d do do 1st in June and 2d in Dec. 4th in May and November 5th May and 1st December 3d in March and September 1st in April and October 2d in March and September 1st do do l3t in May and November |Vicksburg 1th in March and September Princeton 2d in April and October 4th do do 4th in May and 3d in Nov. 4lh in March and September 5th afi 4lh in March & Sept. Paulding Fayette EUisville De Kalb Marion Monticello Carthage Oxford Columbus Canton Columbia Athens Holly Springs [Philadelphia Decatur Maeon Starkville Augusta • Pontotoc Holmesville Ponola Brandon Hillsborough Westville Raleigh Tilatoba Ripley Jacinto Winchester Woodville Louisville Cofieeville BentGii CRIMINAL COURT For the five River Counties below Washington. John L Guio.v, Judge. | D, C. Dunlap, Clerk. 94 Mississippi — Post Offices. POST OFFICES. Alphabetical list of the Post Offices in the State of Missis- sippi, with the names of Post Masters, and the counties in whicii they are situated. POST OFFICES. COUNTIES POST MASTERS. Aberdeen, Monroe, C. W. Walton. Albcrtson, Tippah, F. S. Wilie. Amsterdam, Hinds, G. W. Prince. AngUF, Kemper, A. Mclntyre. Athens, Monroe, T. E. Buckingham, Auburn, Hinds, M. Snow. Augusta, Perry, J. S. House. Baldwin, Hinds, B. A. Martin. Bassville, Madison, G. Bass. Beattie's Bluff, Madison, W. Jones, jr. Bellmont, Panola, H. Laird. Benton, Yazoo, J. W. Uannegan. Berrysville, Scott, S. Berry. Blackhawk, Carroll, W. Gillispie, Bolivar, Washington, 0. J. Field. Border Spring, Lowndes, W. Dumas, Bovina, Warren, T. L. Cowan. Brandon, Eankin, •I. H. Harris. Brooklyn, Noxubee, E. 0. Loomis. Brookhaven, Lawrence, S. Jayne. Burton, Copiah, Caledonia, Lowndes, R. Dowdle. X^amden, Madison, M. Vanderherst. Canton, Madison, J. Priestley. CarroUton, Carroll, J. Cooper. Carthage, Leake, R. R. Bobbitt. Cayuga, Hinds, C. Osburn. Centre Grove, Leake, J. W. Linsey. Centreville, Amite, R. Germany, Chickasavvhay, Clarke, G. Knight. China Grove, Pike, W. B, Ligon. Chocchuma, Tallahatchie, Nicholson, Choctaw Agency, Oktibbeha, W. H. Anderson. Chulahoma, Marshall, R. C. Goodall. Church Hill, Jefterson, J. W. Thompson. Claibornville, Yazoo, S. DiUey. Clinton, Hinds, C. P. McDaniel. Coahoma c. h. Coahoma, R. Friar. Post Office Department. 05 POST OFFICES. COUNTIES. POS'l MASTERS. Cold Spring, Wilkinson, T. Ellis. CofFeeville, Yallabusha, D. H. Rayburn. Columbia, Marion, J. Atkinson. Columbus, Lowndes, A. C. Burgess. Coopersviile, Hinds, J. C. S. Cooper. Cotton Gin Port, Monroe, J. N. Walton. Cross Roads, Jackson, J. Davis. Daleville, Lauderdale, E. K. Adair. Decatur, Newton, H. S. Thomas. Deposite, Winston, J. Bevil. Dickson, Neshoba, W. H. Johnston. EUisville, Jones, E. Rich. Fairfield, Amite, D. Gordon. Farmingham, Tishemingo, R. F. Borne. Fayette, JcfTerson, T. H. Duggan. Fayette Hill, Simpson, J. Merchant. Fleetwood, Hinds, W. H. Armstrong, Folsom, Kemper, M. Ross. Fordsville, Marion, W. M. Rankin. Fort Adams, Wilkinson, A. P. Reid. Franklin, Holmes, J. H. Holhngs worth Fulton, Itawamba, J. Thomason. Gallatin, Copiah, J. M. Fish. Garlandsville, Jasper, J. E. Watts. Garnersville, Copiah, G. Willsap. Georgetown, Copiah, B. Gresham. Grand Gulf, Claiborne, W. M. Smyth. Greensborough, Choctaw, W. Dyer. Grenada, Yallabusha, A. C. Baine. Grantsville, Noxubee Reuben Grant. Hamilton, Monroe, G, B. Saunders. Harmony, Madison, J. S. Prichard. Harpersville, Leake, J. H. Gordon. Haysville, Leake, Herbert, Neshoba, W. Herbert. Hernando, De Soto, S. B. Carrith. Hillsborough, Scott, R. AVaterman. Holly Springs, Marshall, Wm. Polk. Holmesville, Pike, J. J. Cooper, Hope Valley, Carroll, J. Davidson. Houston, Chickasaw, 96 3Iissis8ippi — Post Offices. POST 0FriCE3. Indian Springs, Jacinto, Jackson, Jackson e. h., Jaynesville, Kellertown, Kennedy's Store, Kingston, Kosciusko, Leaf Ridge, Leaf River, Leakeville, Lebanon, Lexington, Liberty, Lincoln, Livingston, Louisville, Lockhart's Store, Macon, Madisonville, Magnolia, Malcolm, Manchester, Marion, McCall's Creek, McManns, Meadville, Meander, MidJleton, Milldale, Miltonville, Mingo Hooma, Meridian Springs, Mitchefs Store, Monroe, Montgomery, Montalbim, Mount Carmel, Mount Olympus, Mount Vernon, COUNTIES. POST MAf/ERS Hinds j F. H. Jennings. Tisheraingo, Hinds, Jackson, Covington, Wilkinson, Copiah, Adams, Atlalla, Smith, Greene, Greene, Amite, Holmes, Amite, Yazoo, Madison, Winston, Holmes, Noxubee, Madison, Lauderdale, Jefferson, Yazoo, Lauderdale, Franklin, Greene, Franklin, Noxubee, Carroll, Warren, Wayne, Lauderdale, Hinds, Tisheraingo, Perry, Yazoo, Warrenton, Covington, Madison, Warren, J. Reeves. J. R. Chiles. S. Davis. D. Wilkinson. W. H. Gouldin. M. Kennedy. W. Harper. H. J. MunsoH. J. L. McCaughan. C. Tatum. D. F. Mclnaas. E. Easton. A. V. Rowe. P. B. Van Norman. W. J. A. Nesmith. S. W. Ewing. J. Phagan. T. Lockhart. R. D. Barker. H. Garrett. J. Barn M. Gilchrist. J. H. Vance. J. Murray. J. Parker. J. Mclnnus. J. P. Stewart. M. Chambers. R. Small. T. Redwood. G. C. Toole. T. H. Davig. T. K. Greene. H. B. Mitchell. H. C. Bunough. R. H. Vance. J. Townsend. S. Hemphill. G. Andrews. Nicholas Cokraan. Pn.'i / Oficr Depa rtmrnt. PG3T OFFICES, COUNTIES. POST UASTVES. MoLiLii Pleasant, Wilkin.'ion, W. F. I)V80U Mount Washington, Copiali. J. W. VViggm*. ..Viy^rsville, Seolt. A, Myere, NjinHlioma, Nevvtdii. H. T. Hopkins,. Narketa, Kernper, C. B. Newton, Nashville, Lowndes. J. J. Lewis. Natchez, Adams, W. Wren, New lull. Hinds, H. H. Vaughu. Nottli Mt. Pkas^nti Marshall, F. NcNabb. Oakaehickaiua. Vallablisha. W. R. Wilbourn. Oakhind, Yal!abn§ha, J. B. .Ashe. Oakland College. (Jlaiborne, J. Charaberlin Ocoha Bridge, Covington i S. Craft. Ofahonia, Madison, D. Ford. Oxford. Lafayette, .1. J.Cratg. Panola, Panola. -A T Kobinsau Paulding, Jasper, B Hunt. PearUngton. Hancock, C B Greenieaf: Phaiealia, Yallabnsha, N M Mims. Philadelphia. Xeghoba, J F Kirkland. Pinkney. NewtoM, C W Pan is. Pnicknewillf*. Wilkinson. S Robins• month. Lowndes. L V, Wilkins. Pontotoc, Pontotoc. W W Leland. Poitersville, Franklin, F (Jamble. Piut (■fibaoii. Claiborne. T D Jeffers. Hrinceion, Wa^shinglon, W Lambe. Prospect Hi!!. Adams. J Robsoa. Pntnani. Lowndes, J (t Cox. Qiiiiu-ev, Monroe, B M Terrill. Quitman. (Clarke. J "J'ouner. Raleigh. Strjiili, A Carr. Raymond. Hinds. A J Johnson. Ripley, Tippah, S B McNeal. Rocky Springs, Claiborne. C W Reynolds. Rodney, Jeflerson, A M Knken Rose Hill, Wilkinson, 9 H Hum. 97 98 Misf!is.;. vSalem, Sanliiii;!. Satartia, Scoober, Selserlown. Shelby's, Shieldshorough. S!iongol-Li, S^ilver Creek. Smillitlale, Smitlilield, Smith's Mill.«. Spring Oraufli, Spring CoUajiir. Spring Hill, Siarkville, Steeu's (U-eek. Stump IJiicJoe. Tallaloosa, Tchiila, Tiioniasiowii, Tillatobu. Tolers, Troy, Tuscahoma. Union. Utica, Valena, "Vernon, Wahalock. Wall's 'I'an Van,!. Warrenton, Wnshinj>toii, Waterl'ord, Wfist Point. Weslville, Whilesvilie. Willianisbiii'!;. Williainstuw'ii, Willow Springs. Winc'liester. Woodville, Wvdit, Teieer's Store, COUNTIES. Tippah, Yallabusha. Yazoo, Kemper, Adams, (Jlaiborne, lianc-ork. < .'arroU. Pjke, Amite. Holmes, (.'arroU, Hinds, Hancock, Tippah, Oaktibbeha, Kankin, Madison. Marshall, Holme*;, Hinds, Tallahatchy. Amite, Valobuslia, Tallahalchy. Neshoba. Hinds, Attala, Madison. temper. Monroe, W'arren, Adams, iMarshall, liO wndes. Simpson. Wilkinson. ( 'ovinglon. Madison, (.'laiborne. W'ayiie, Wilkinson. 1, a lave lie, Hin.h. POST PIASTERS W L McAlistrr. J L Kendall. (' Tavlor. ,T B B Hunter. K Andrewij, 1) Shelby. .T B Towline. .1 W^ Eskridge. n \Vhittlesey. .r G Kinabrew. B Smith. .T Smith, A S Alexander. G Sheriir. S H King. li, L. Keece, .r A M Roberts. (,' Nickols. .1 C Kieser. T S Mowry. D S Skinner, T G Ringgold, ,T M Gallant. W R Harmer. ,T H McRae. .T .1 'Moore,' .1 W Floyd. W H Bass. D B Crawford. H Conklin. W' W^all, .T M Bilncr. H Mcbarren. If O Allen, M M I'jrriiiglon. W H Smith. S Davis, .[ r.Jullev. O H P Davis. .1 G Head. J V B Poole .1 Riddle. T H Allen, S Neil], Mis a /6'6' ij}/' i — Cc nsus. ?% -,- tUl 3P s s >c ■A ^ 0- "bD . fcV •^ si > 5 . . . ■^ =-. ^gj^ .-^^^^ s S >\| "^ "^ ■'•R H .5 3 ^ 'S '^ c ■p — C -^ C— .2 rt^ 4- Ci U'i i^i's^FS^^ >^-^^ 'O EOa-ac?J|=SK^ \n. of billos of -+ GC i-T ir? T-< C3; r: X C7 CO --- c; (51 lO c; cr. re O r? X r> - > ct Ci '?« couon proiluc. ^ l~* ^"^ c^ c^ "~* C^ "^ »— * f— * r-^ rd ill oacli -t X ^ u- I- r-< c:: CiitiiUy ill 1836. ^ S^J \o. of HI- res (»r l;in(i rultivaf'il C5 O 4- O ■©■ ■jj r-, o> -* 0'^ c: /. ^ X ro o ^ ^ J^ X -" -.;; 1 - CS »« -H ■>> ^, ^' c^ 'C CO f-^ ^:: Oi If: in each cdiiuly o -i" ^ o; <- ^cccDcco o:c^c35ce ill Uic year I- r: 7> ir: c-j r-< iaJ6. O O CO >.'i "o" OS -* «0 t^ c: >■ :.C ■ J. I'oial free wliitG Ci C-? — < Tf t^ « » •» r? -^ tr; -T c; -^ i nhcihilaiifs in T^7 fC l^ r? o «CTt-— » C^ ^ '^ r— r-. '^) r-, each cimnty. 1- Xmtiber of fe- luali; slaves in -M io -* 1,-: CO 10 C". X cc i.~ /v) ^ X- •JD t^ en Z> i- " X r: cc c^ .■^) x 35 -' «o ■* c^ rc ?? --« -t^ -ri* •^) i^ -* X W CT each couiuy. O TJ 17.) Tj^ r-^ ^ Number "f male O O '*" w lo" oe -* CC lO >a — 1 -# s-. ^ o r^ OS GC ^ {^ 00 cc es <- i:i i~ slaves in caoli in ic fc c^ r> ~< '^ T7< -r) cc r' '-= county. in i^ — 1 O ?7 -ST- W X -r cc. >.'-j r-i f- T — :r -..-; ■■;.> o t^ « X r-i Tp w c^ c: r: cc ?> 16 years of age, ,ViM'»i!)pr uf wliilr! X' •* ce -c ~5r i~ m — 1- c) cc t- f- males iimier 18 >c: ;0 c: If: I- cc ^ in J- r- (- c a '-S c>} "» •-;: --r ^ . ;c cc years of ago. '" ^ Niiml)cr nf while D3 iQ ■* •» —1 i- C» X 0» O -^ X (- males Ijt^lwceii -., _ O r- — • C? X r-l Tf< |> C X?.' 18and:21. ^ -. '"' i-H 1—4 iXumber of white -# 00 >i7 -< — ' — rj t- ->rt' cs x; «>• «-. ir: x r-i <■- — I- ;^ I males beiwetiii •^ \ei n X r-i -V 5> W J> C-) ^ •-< •21 aiidl'i. » Niutiber of while o 'f: yj o ■T) '^ c^> 1^ ir: c> T}* --< male; over the •-( X ;c — -rf cc cs in I- X c^i — < C-l 1— < a^e of ■!■>. .J, ^ > a -: J. tn?-S .. -— 'O— - « c 1 c_=2 ^ 1 ^5S«:~£.'^o^S -b 3 S "o t! =i -2 'i^ -i: -c VJ '5 «/ := J^J2 00 a. £ Si o < . — ed in eachl 40 O: C^) —< county in 1KJ6. «"'' " !0 CB J s .2 c, o >o No. of acres ofl-* c>) >n 00 r' r- t^ w r: r-H c: l-j ifs r-^ j>. ;o ■* » land riiUiv.T- U^ r- to rf" cc '^ c; 1^ ■-; in (^ >> m —■ o -* s: l^' 1.^ in .LVi, « m CO Qo TO fo c: cr. m >n oo ^ 00 -r J^ ^. 5:. & ted in each! jijinej'-'C^J^CO — w-H-rr?c:ir5i4»-,TO county in the x to Ln — -> J^ Srs .Ji year 1Sj6. n 00 c? I m 1— I N o c. «■ s t^ Total free white lO <5 iii* ^ i; *^ S - inhabitants initri"S:!f2S^2 each county. !--< t- M '-' — I — ' ^ o 'T iX! c> r? v-o in (JO CC O) 05 r-i fO 05 2 '•'' -^ 00 OJ r4 ^ re re —1 in —( cj OJ 'it -■ QC Number of fe- male slaves in each county. ro o G^ --^ "^ o i^ o o m o m «© in m o (^ i^ OS 05 — ^ o in cc ■>* o c: c >— I Oi 5^' Vumber of male slaves in each countv. Number of white. females under 16 year." of age. t^ 0> rS O: 35 in in 00 c: Tc o in j;. 35 «« Tt 05 CC C-> r- O; CO to t^'oD m fO ^ c. 50 00 •* o un in --I in 0? « Tt' r^ CO ^ n r-^ ^ — l^ f ) — < fC i|-~ Tf f^ «3 ■^oiocooromr-'OOifoo— iTtcoowQc ■»f*oi^roircin-*c<>o:— <-*'^OiiNMi»ino Number of white females over lH years of age o TT c»> QL o c/i «D CO 1-- cr. — < r> m Tj- ci fo oD 3i i.na;oao3it^ofocos35Wincooc5or5i~- co ■* CO r> r» Jt in i^> « — TO r: t- M — CO r* «e Number L.f>Nhite|i2 g S -^ a l^ C^ ^ males under 18 .^ :- 1-- t? tc m in ro years of age. — < « ic. 00 S-> X lO OJ W m C-: ^ Tf ?>> rj< m a Tf f>; X' •e ~ —. in in o 1— fc 00 « T> Number of white males between 18 and il. J^ cc -t Number of white JJ Jl; t^ S O = O § ?r n CO in — CO c^i -+■ o m o ?■) i^ ■n M in TC m C5 05 35 X '.o -r- -^ CO Oi m ^ t". j>? Number of white males over the ag« of 45. g cD-<#x»ooD'-oin>«or>o>moocB'*« CO— 'C^wacoow^c>'>r- -"ICOjm r-ii-( '-'Wi— im«s-: ! 5 "2 ^ te -as s.;j; i: E '■= .-'"2 3: -^ s ^ ■= ! J £ .2 I =5 ■:? 'S >i >5 ^ 1 ^ 2 o ^ .5 JL i-riw h^ _I t^— r— »=™ "-• -jE. L£ t.— w«i wJ L..i^ ..I. r^ *^ •-*-l ■-» p!«f ^n^ ^ r— J F J ^ — ^ H-«| ?«^ ps^ ^»" .'■w^ ^» F^i F^ 31 las is6 ipp i — C 'e iia Ub\ 101 ^ ~ o cn (^? OS « X 5P ^ j^ 00 r> « w OS o '-' TC c> — ?o o — ' r^ jc x irt J :5 " ■N. — < ir: — ir: -r- — « :o tc li^ >— i ■>* -^j. W 11 — to ^ — i.t r) •~> X r^ — — «M — — „H X — T rj I r-1 11 — y r? o rj o .■^, -^i 1— 1 «— < -? — • — IC fl! T-J ^ — 1 ^ r> <- c^ ^ 3> 77 to 1^ J- "rr- /) -V m © cs "» IfJ f- OT) «- <- — « 1^ o n •^ ^ !•- --4 r> cr. <- 1.1 ^ 1.1 o ft) f— 1 ■v» Ci ^ <- CO 11 cc 'JT ;» T? >} -r '^! n r( x ^ o iT) o 'T'' 7^ (T; in CD _i m 00 0» ire 7f CO X/ >Ci 11 TCi 1' 7<; >i :r: — w o nn O •x> -r ^ f^ m — ^ ^1 00 T) T> «^ so <- C2 t- vji n •CI 1^ SO o *o <^ C^> irs ?> /. TO o m O '^ *>> t- 0* ';v> 'CI n 'i' CT -># ro '^ n " r-f r? -1 ?■! Tf cc '*•■ 11 cs » o ^> -* o c-j 00 M "* CI ^- C-? r? 7* o N -* cfc in -H i- — r» — ^ w -v 5Q ■* rt ^T(<~i^ 1' <- yj 11 ~ c CO O cc n o II Ci --< o o :o -^ tj- -^ i- 11 — . -.o to o ii i> c* ci — — CI x a; X ■r^ X — ' o X X o , Ifl 7.) i, 7J O H 11 Oi — ' -T —1 l^ 11 X C5 -^ I- -T' O U ' • X 11 «o m IC -")< t- 11 CO ^ -» X — Ci — ' 1^ 3; 11 -(< X S> C5 .^ "-> »« — t^ -i X i« 35 11 -* W 5-» r-< to to X — T* CO I- — 4- ?o -. -* f- to CO 3> M CO r-» 0? «c CO CO — X t- r- 1' tO 11 -^ C^ ■* —I "^ '~' 0> ^ CO Ci X CO «0 X 0? 3S Oi !■- r) CO so I-- X •>? 11 1 •>> l'.l — ■ __J CI CS r-" (- X r}< 05 i~- ic X — 1 r? ■>* -^ C^ J^ ^ r) -^^ CO' f- — .r> to r> CO t- o> ^? 11 r-l -rf ->? O) X 11 0: r-l 1! to -^ •-4 X to tC — * — •>» --I "* •* 11 — '-' X f- OJ — i » o r> 11 CO — ' 11 Sr^-^ooroco— i«o^xr>i-roco— ir>i —i XOtOX^O-IXI — !-• 11 i-- *♦ CO t^ X X X -^ O) I- tc o? J^ -' X eo CO 0> 1* I- or; ?o CO » 0"Tn to >o ii i^ 1 to CO 0? ^ f— ■i*_(tD — lAMO-Tf^xriiftrJcoroo rf J-J CO 05 to l"^ — ^ "^ — 4 r^ — < - 1— ( -— r-l ^ — « 1/; 7^ ■^^ t^ /. X "Z, /v^ «- 3; CO — t- oj' to to X' <- — 11 ?- •p^ ?(; ^ -p- '^> -^1 CO t^ C5 r* « ■to — - CO tp to o* >*' X ^ 11 CO ^ — H CT". f- 7> to O' — iH' CO CO ii — ^ CO "— Pi to CO CO CO — ^ 11 rr f~4 p..d i1 t-lc J- 0! '"' ■"^ 7Z T 35 r» ■* C: 11 wS — . a o> X ■* to to o:- to ■N yi CO }^ ^ r- wi- m «- o> ■^ ■**■ •c « ?» CO u; -<* X X c^ — ' ^* ""^ — ' art •^ "^ ,-H ^"^ ""* .'fc '-' js -: 'H Qj ^ 5 - 3 ^ _= s ^ =; = .V ^ c = «• soo-=js,- — X ■=^ .■«_:j=r! = oa--=a-=-S2 — -CtT — _o "-".." o^jj:— rL.-s: :« f 2-— r'-n; ■^-i;; i^ 'O S y.' -- 20; CJ2 — ~ = ~ s;::^— 0-7> — c« ca 75rtr,S--3 5i e oj 4J O -^ a,r£ O o ^ ■' " c r«._.i; ^'-^-^-i.-.^.^," S i?, i?", ;< O 2- 3-, 2„ 2^ — X' X :/i H H .- r- ?^ ^ ^ ^ -' !>^ !>- 9* 10£ Mississippi — Election Returns. -* t- 31 »= iS i?t *5 C '-* V >?? ts as -^ *i? F^ =- S g ^ « p - s Mississippi — Election Returns. 103 e {* «o e 's3 >» 9s «e m -^ i- O ■<# Li. o p? ,-< ~ © T? £^ f« ® s C^ — ao 00 fj -< r-w oD s ■*■ « — ' ?j © ^ ?5 --^ G© =a (M =^ Cj i-i 55 T? c«s irs 'if — 1 00 — X r* ;£■ t- C5 « -70 'f CD N 5S M o I- r? 7! r» C3. ■>* ■» i^v X o» t- t^ TO 5; -- . -. .. -. ^ ^ I- . . - ^. _ — .*. w. — — -/"j t- -2 '^ £» ^ ?q _ ^ ^ ^ 5^ ?i l^ r- ?? :-<_(—,_ r: i?3 -"s*- S -r" O Ci S5 t- X — ' I- -* © O TO CO — !<: — -* Ci aD ei «© "^ QO {- r:' t^ 00 — ?» o w to e> 00 o X ui — r^ — < oc iji 00 f? oc ?^ ?■• T1 — ^ Tf TO ■«-• — '* ■>■» ?> -n ^ 5<0 -M o © © c. s — ;£ © c ©"c ost-'Sici02~!©©'*© =< o a o i? ©_ ooeosc sj c-o o S' ©^ ^^ '>» e^> {-•«)?? c; i^ -.s (rj » 5D r*< oo ?i '^ S' i-- t« is ^ ct ?i ?' p? si- •-^ t^ ^ -^ e c- s j-T r- sTj cs m ® ^ -^ rr ® w >s 3 a; 5^1 w 10 © Si rr* re — >r: K i3 S Qf> © :S: t- O >0 ■-< ir? «j -* -™ i-i ?'; ?■? 7J — < ej la t» ?) — • TO e:i © ^:> => ?! ■?"» ffi t' '^ >r^ cs -^ ?i f» QD 'S' -^ — S-- L-, 05 X tS '^ -* Tf '^ ?1 — « •* >S 5^ ;s •S ■* ?t 00 ■^ f(3 :© -rj< 5-} ,-, r^ ^1 tfti t- TO I- .-' ?0 00 0> }- t^ I-' ■* Xi © 0^ J-^ t- OD ..» « -< 00 j> 'T? QO ir: >o M •>? I- ■>■? yj r- 35 -* — -^ '-<■:': r! —< iQ *•? r-i —< -^ re. »o CO 'M -— o\ — c^ — > — 1 © OD N -- e g> i» QO }-» re CO m i?> e^ ® L*? ;s vfti © 50 G ,x ifT cc 5; '7? CJD(M©O5^0O-*LlCO-*O»!M'~iG5TO5v»Crsej — ^ ^ ■ " C^ w iC ?! r-< —. v» -^ M ->•• g« -I* Si P3 r-. If? 3> (Ti --O S> t^ © Ci t*^ ^ " 3i r! ?! CI* e> ^) '- 5^J :5 7^. if5 0© t^ Tf © 10 Tf © 1-- i?i' tl '~' l^ ■?> X ■* ^> ^ ^ ^I _ -}< -J — CO Tt^ C! iM C-! TO CD C^ C> '^ — < P7 ,t>! '-( -^ — e^ © © CD t- © O ifJ >ft vr; TO. « © h' O »' --1 "* »0 © © (M •* S»3 e'« q>} O l^ '-'TO i^ TO, \fi -TO If? X te X •-' i- © t- ?e (?! C'} :S TO — ' -^ r- T ! L^ i-T? :-? -^ -1 _- ■'S TOXif^e-v »-*'©■<»<'»— '■<*'3=' IS f^ OD ■?? ^ TO i> i^ -=> ">! X 5© e; X X -^ ^ t^ fj 5Si r' ® o f© t" g.j ;=< p=^ .?) ^ .-I ;e -^J ?! ^ TO. ?! g> TO r^ C? -^a ■=) >=i 5-' P fK P r: -^ '^ 3 O ^^^ = : ?^ -1 -- ^ ^ j^ D. 2 S ^ V S s .« C g "2 '^ X S •"« 2 fc .S e s S 3 104 ?Iii;yl.^^ippi — Electiun, Returns, ^,, . I S © « t- ^ -,& CC i- OC 1-^ X» "I s T'i M — r? ifj « (Maibonie I '"a S I ^ >— re w — t w in 1— w © 5 S >- >- .- ,o ,c Word I ao oj o f^. ir: OS i^ CO ?4 cc o — •>» -^ re i-o 00 "t* r- Prcnlicis Tliompsoii Collins Adams MX)i-'00CCC5rer-00 1^i^i> rH r? r— lo 00 "^f I-' t- re O •* QO O (M 1^ CO Tf 00 l>- Ci r-< Tti 'tfl CO CQ t^ (N re x o I- -* >^> o'^t-'lrTco'i^o" s:. ccoom Oioot^oOr- (COCO Mallerv CO C5 ^> '" w rv ?^ X o GO re 00 C- ei w rt .r* ro CI& C3 «-- " — Hosiner >Saiiiuicrs Fall Phillips ©OOC£>-!j>•— I re— iri?Tj.xo>— 1'»*< —I . T*< I-. IN CO ""•»-<:, ^ C ..^ *> f-" !« t. S o c CC s ^ 5-s = s ^- "" W3 C :y3.Si = OJ — • > C a; ri O rs :::«-'!= (V, ^ ^ ~ L, 2:; P r: jTOO = Hm -3 :, c t'• - rt -• •_ o = = "fj K <^ C - ' .<. ^ £ K •_ brx 'V* jO c re ■^J O Wj i^ (^ CO T" Tf CO e> e? 35 t^ CO a 3 (JriinWail 1 re o cs 1 C'' re o X e^ c: r-. » o re CO I- o re O eo -r r-^ e> Morg^an " S S e> e>> X o CO -^ o o m X -t X ^ re OS ■ o CO -T v; ue re c CO -T c; —1 re -^ lO ej 5 .-? 2 S .^ - „ -; .i; "^ «^ 2 r h s 5 ^ "^ e!-, n' M ':^ r-' h H H pS^ cp2 - S^^ f r: h£ "2 n — G S o ■n tx 'A o 42 16 11 Clarke, 126 109 26 IS De Soto. 165 1 49 R9 75 Fianklin, (No ret in 11 made."; (3lC(J|l, 1! 10 40 10 Hinds, h%b 30-; 837 64S Holmes;, ■Hi 207 266 26R Hancock, in 49 20 18 Itawamba, 201 201 00 00 Jackson, (No return ma.de.'^ .Tefleisoiir 112 98 23§ 226 .F;i3|-»er, 2-^S 202 78 m ■loncs, 101 88 17 5 Kemper, 259 230 106 143 Lauderdale, . (No return made.) f/eakc, (No rctm;n made.) Lowndes, 540 547 367 350 Jiawrenrc. 332 329 3S 4:t Lafayette. 229 219 112 1 I 3 Marion. 157 i 5(t (9 43 ^loinoe. 509 ■u-l 111 82 Madipoii, 301 I'^l 540 440 Maraiiall, 742 669 286 273 .\oxubcr. 323 310 254 251 iXcwtoii. 112 100 1 14 ,\eshoba. 87 90 s 12 Oktibbeha, 133 125 12 33 Fern. 30 19 32 Pdve, 291 276 (i2 60 Ponola. 228 214 " 33 22 106 JllSSlSSlpp l—Jlllllli I. ' 'lajl>oriie. Ghoison. Pi-entios. Acee. Fontoloe, 15B \m 116 120 Eankin, !HM 141 194 U6 Smith. 96 94 18 10 Scott, 87 61 24 7 Sini|)gon. IS8 171 46 i;^ Tunica, (No l-rl luni made. j Tailaliatcliip, .1 i 5 101 •)2 84 'risheniingo. 'Mri H62 ;i 7 Tippaii, :i80 ^J80 :i8 n2 Wayne. 89 56 (0 (5 WH.s!iin!.f|r)n. i'^ 12 m 6!^ \Viliii)i3oii, I Of) 1)4 HbO ;{7i Wiiipfioii, •j;is •iiO 27 .M.l Waireii, 181 156 403 J!S2^ - 427 Yo!obii.«'lia. 15(i I'l 1 177 \ a zoo. Hi? 92 ;{09 2ie Jl2a:5 \)\)'Zi 7143 .6613 AIILIJIA Oi' TilK S'i'AJ'E (M/ M ISNiSSilTi. ' 'l'\\r. i'ollowiiig, allhougii impeifcet, is as compl'Mc a? the iTtiini;-; ol' ihe State l)e[)a!-liiieiit will wanaut.j His l-:x(.xllfjirv ALEXANDEll G. McJNUTT. ,laun -m c .n.- iuandcr-iu-Cliief. f-uAS. M. Prick-, Jackson, Atljiitanl-Cicuei-ai. !,i)Rr.N/o Augustus Besancon, Natrhcz, Quailn- Maslei (•pncial. William A. Stonk, llohiic-villc, Aii!-(lf-( 'amp. ('OLLirs V. llilMlNHWAV, p. Tali3i;rt, Oxlonl, do. Stanhopk Poskv, Woodville,. As«i?ilant QuaiU-i Master Grucral. A. M. \\^i\N, Vicksburg. do. Andri-av J, Paxton, do. Samikl 1'\ HrTTi:;KuoKTn, {.'oliuubu.-^. do, FIRST DIVISION. .\. P. Cunainghani, Major («cneral. f\ W. Farrar, Division In.specfor. Aiddc-Caaip. William L. Brandon, P)rigadicr General, 1:4. Bngade, Mississippi — Mil it id. 107 SECOND DIVISION. John A. Quitman, Major General. Lieut. Co]. .las. N. II. Wood, of Adains, Div. Iiispfvtor. Major Samuel Jayne, of Lawrence, Div. Quarter Master. Major H. S. FiUstis, of Adams, First Aid. THIRD DIVISION. Huj^li W. Duulap, i\Iajnr General. William C. Demoss, Division Inspector. Feteifield Jelferson, Aid-de-Camp. John N. Drake, Brigadier General, ].ft Brigade. A. P. Atkinson, Brigadier General. '2(1 Brioadr. George Smith, Brigade Inspector. FOURTH DIVISION, E. Ji. Acee, Major General. Division Inspector. Aid-de-Camp. James Garraway, Brigadier (Tcneral, 1st Brigade. James Coston. Brigadier General, 2d Brigade. William H, Walsh, Inspector, 2d Brigade. Robert Weir, Brigade Quarter Ma.ster. B. J. Jackaway, Aid-de-Camp, 2d Brigade, FIFTH DIVISION. Willis W. Cherry, Major Genera'. Robert Lewis Taggart, Division Iti-^peciur. Aid-de-Camp. E. ^I. Koucr-s, Brigadier General, 1st Brigade. James J. G'ray, Brigadier General, ^d Briirade, 1 --I REGIMEN T .— W A R k k v c . , R. 1j, ALuhews, Colontd Commandant, ("ompany — Benjamin F. Newman, Licutemiiit, Robert Maulorn, En.-sign. 3d REGIMENT.— Cr.AiEonvE Cou>fTv. Richard J. Bland, Lieutenant Colonel. Ii^aiah Watson, Major. Alfred Foster, Captain. Robert F. More, Lieutenant. Rua.sel Dennis, Ensign. Charles ( -htrk, Colonel Commandant, John B. (Vileinan, Lieutenant Colonel. WiUson Wayde, Major, 108 Mississippi — Militia. 3d REGIMENT.— Jefferson- Cwhty. James J. Collin, Judge Advocale. Daviil \V. McCaleb, Regiinent Adjiitanl. John F. Fieeman, Smgpoii. D. D. Fblieilv, :j.i Beat, 1st Rittjliun, ('ajjtain. John \oiing. " " Lleulen&ju J. N. JoiiL'f^. •' •• Knsign. J, '("'.Ross, 1st •• 5d - Captain. A. J. Scotl. " •= Lieutenant J. P. Keiii|). " " b^nsign. J. L, JoncN, '3J " ■' Captain. Jarnefv MrDon:ild. " ■' Lieutenant, A. J. Mofitgomerv, " " Ensign. F. G. S. Kerimei. id "■ l§t " Captain. JohH \V. Sciiber, '■ " Jiientenant Robes I V. Wood, " " En.^ign. Nfil Been, "M " 2il " Captain, John A. Galbioth. '^ " Lienlenant N. J. Nelson. " " Ensign. p. Noe, 1st ■• •' Captaiii. William B. Taylor. " '•, Lieutenaiit- Mutlii^w Julmson. '• " Ensign. lib RRCtI MEN T,— Adams Cofntv. L. lonel Coniauiidiiiit. F. Faiier, Lieutenant ('olonel. E. B. Lin.lspy, ■Major. .'nil REGIMENT. — Wri.KiN'sox Cofntt. Diiiiiel Wooduid. Colonel Commandant. James Vanrll, Tiie\iteiiaiU Colonel. Thomas C. We.^l. Ahijor. P. O. Tiuner, Adiulunt. IL M. Farrisli. Judge Advoeale, ( '. S. Maffowii, Surgeon. William IL Siolt, Quarter Master George L. Poindexler. CaptaiU: C. Whilslon, Eu.sign. B. M. Mays. Captain, , ■ ■XL IL Bell, l/ientenant. .). J. MCGruw, En.sign. Samuel C. Glas.s, Captain. Horace Brown. Lieutenant, M. H. Riev, Captain. W, W. Bruer. Lieutenant, Samuel Mr-Kee, Enfiitrii. jylissisf! jpp i — Milit ia. 1 09 fith REGIMENT.— Amite County. J, W. O. Way, Colonel Corniiiandanl. James M. Gallent, Lieutenant Colonel. John Wall, Adjutant. O. W. Caldtield, Surgeon. Russell Jones, Captain. George W^. McManus, Lieutenant. Henry W. Cox, Captain. William W. Hart, Ensign. John Seal, Ensign. N. L. Huff, Lieut. 7lh REGIMENT.— FRANKr.iN Coixtv. Dabney H. Stuart, Col. Commandant. John M. Newman, Lieut. Colonel. Hugh W. Cunningham, Major."^ 9th REGIMENT— Pike Cocnty James E. Cunningham, Col. Commandant Elliott D. Burton, Lieut. Commandant A. R. Gruir, Judge Advocate. G. G. McNabb, Adjutant. Jackson Beardon, Quarter Master. William H. Vannade, Captain, Simon Stephenson, Lieutenant. Henry Wing, Captain. (j. C. Forthenburg, Lieutenant. Ilriah Bonman, Captain. James Johnston, Lieutenant. Bryant Hart, Ensign. lOih REGIMENT— Mariun- Countv Ebenezar Ford, Col. Commandant R. Willoughby, Lieut. Colonel. F. B. Blackburn, Major. William Rawls, Captain. Evan Powell, Captain. Jackson Hammond, Captain S. H. Wilks, Captain. R. Byrd, Lieutenant. Jesse Warren, Lieutenant. John Parton, Lieutenant. 10 110 Mississippi — Militia. Thomas Connelly. Lieutenant, 11. H. Lenoii', Lieutenant. Charles Rawl?, Ensign. Richard Berry, Ensign. Lynaford Major. Ensign. • Nathaniel M. Ross, Ensign. Henry Pitman, Ensign. J. B. Stratham, Regimental Adjutant. Gordon Hammond. Quarter Master. J. M. Pitman, Inspector .adjutant. S. Regan. Captain. Utli REGIMENT— Wayme County. Sam'l. J. Chapin, Commandant. . Jehu Evans, Lieutenant Colonel. John West. Major. I3ih REGIMENT— .Tack.-^on Cohnty, John J. McRea, Colonel Commandant. John Davis, Lieutenant Colonel, Stephen Davis, Major. ]4th REGIMENT— HANcofK County. J. Monet, Colonel Commandant. Jacob Seal, Lieutenant Colonel. John C. Cleveland, Major. Washington Ellis. Captain. Michael Lin, Captain. Roland Burks, Captain. .James Bonlemps, Lieutenant. George, W. Moore, Lieulenaiu. William Cole. Ensign. William Seals, Ensign. George W, Robertson, Adjutant. Robert Daniels, Judge ,\dvocate. l.'ith REGIMENT— CovmuTox Coukty. Adrian Lowe, Colonel Connnandani. .J, Buckhauthen, Lieutenant Colonel. William C. Toriner, Major. George D, Patterson, Adjutant. James L. Jolly, Judge Advocate, Mississippi— Militia. J, Buckhauthen, Drum Major. Stephen Spights, Captain. Allen McPhail, Lieutenant. William W. McGuffer, Ensign, 17th REGIMENT— Monroe Coun'tt. R. VV, Dunlap, Colonel Commandant. B. M. Terrell, Lieutenant Colonel. Gilbert Jlowei, Major. 18th REGIMENT— Hj.nds County. !V. B. Charlton, Colonel Commandant. .foseph G. Johnston, Lieutenant Colonel. Charles M. Hart, Major. William Patter.son, Kiisign. ilichard Sevor, Wear's Beat, Captain. Ill Silas Parir^h •lohn Barn(^v, D. J. Brown. lOlh William Davis rSidncy S. Scott. William W.Carter. •• Thomas Wooklridge 1 William L. Wilson, W. T. Stovall, Ensign th Lieutenani, Captain. Captain. Ensign. Lieutenant. Captain. Captain. Lieutenant. i9Ui REGIMENT— Lowndes Couutv. Benjauiin Estes, Colonel Commandant. Daniel W, .Jordon, Lieutenant Colonel. Samuel G. Wright, ,Major. Vincent Watts, Captain. -Totiathan Nelson. Lieutenant. George D. Nelson, Ensign. Stephen Westhrook. 8th Bent. (Captain. .f. B. Owing, W. A. King. .1. Sanderdale. 5tli A. M. Bromler. .L C. Scannghl. .Tames Branyaii. iili Henry Miller, .Jesse Cross, 7tli Pritchard Peters, •' Hosea Wilkinson, S. S. B. Fields, 1st Lieutenani. Ensign. Captain. liieutcnani. Ensign. Captain. liieutenant. Captain. liieutenani. Ensign. Captain. 1 12 Mississippi. — Militia. W, D, Clifton, Otlr «- Captain. Thomas H. Brown, " " Lieutenant, A. J. CaJliam, 9th *' Captain. •21st REGIMENT— Copiah Countv William .). Willing,,Cylonel ComniaiKlanI J. W. Gravcss, Lieutenant Colonel, Gcorg+i K. Kiger, Major. John \V. Rose, Adjutant. Jacob H. Campbell, Surgeon. W, H. Davis, Captain. Robert Crawford, Lieutenant, George W. Bailey, Ensign. .Robert AVeeks, ' 5th Beat, Lieutenant, Harrison Spinks, Ensign. William Martin, 4th Beat, Captain. . ■2-2d REGIMENT-Ranrin CuuNXi-. Sanford M. Gavin, Cohnicl CoinHiandant Charles A. Folsom, Lieutenant Colonel, Richard M. Hobtjon, -Judge Advocate, Shadrick Denson, Captain. Samuel Davis, Lieutenant. W. Ne.'^bit, Ensign. ■Tohn F. Seymor, C'aptain. Andrew L. Lewis, Ensign. •T. A. Parish, Lieutenant. Y. W. Goodson, Ensign. • R, J. McLunon, Lieutenant, -23d REGIMENT— Jones Col-ntv. V. A, Collins, Colonel (yoinma^nlant. Thomas W. Linear, Lieutenaiii CrdouFl William P. Tisdal, Major. Daniel Carlisle, Captain. • V- Blackledge, Ensign. .Tosepli Pool, Lieutenant. 26ih REGIMENT— Simpson Countv James M. Dampier, Colonel ('ommandant, John Berry, Lieutenant Colonel, H M. Harges, Major. Miles B. Turner, Adjutant. .John F. Fin, Quarter Master. J. G. Hargis, Judge Advocate. Mississippi — Militia.. Martin Vaurel, Ensign. William Tolar, Captain. William May, l.sl Beat, Captain. Joseph May, " " Lieutenant. Joseph Carr, 2(1 •' Captain. William J. Brown " Lieutenant. William L. Rogers, Ensign. A. McCarty, 3d Beat, Captain. John Serwin, •' '' Lieutenant. John Danipier, •' " Ensigii. Michael Heil, 5tli •' Captain. Oliver Mahaffer, Lieutenant. Powell Taylor, Ensign. '27ih REGIMENT— Holmes Cuus-rr. A. G. Oaky, Colonel Commandant. R. H. Spring, Lieutenant Colonel, .feremiah Porter, 1st Beat, Captain. EHsha Mayfield, 2d " William Montgomery, •' R. C. Montgomery, •' John H. Lee, 4th Beat, David E. Bates, " " 113 5th tith 7th J. D. Bell, A. G. ElHott. Daniel Nvr. T. B. Mitchell Arthur Havs. B. D. Scotf, John M. Hollinsworth Nelson Fike. fith Stephen D. Bell, 5th A. M. Meyo, 8th D. M. Worman, '■ Tatton East, Sampson Boutler. 3d James Bates, 4th Captain. Lieutenanl. Ensign. Lieutenant. Ensign. Lieutenanl. Ensign. Lieutenant. Ensign. Captain. Lieutenanl. Ensign. ('aptain. (Captain. Captain. Jiientenant. Ensign. liieutenant. Captain. •28th REGIMENT-NoxuBKE County. James E. Maysoji, Colonel Conunandant. G. R. D. AIcLelhind, Jiieulrnant Colonel. William S. Grayson, Major. 33d REGIMENT- WiN.vro.N CutN-rv. John Coulter. Colonel Connnanduni. John H; Bucknei; Lieutenant Colonel; 114 Mississippi — Militia. G. W. Davis, Major. Joseph Bell, Judge Advocate. Isaac Leatherwood, Adjutant. H. G. Evans, Surgeon. H. R. Lanliam, 3d Beat, 3d Battalion, Captain. George Pennington, Archibald Gillis, F. M. Hriwkins, I John Raygan, John W." Rook, James Puler, Henry Shoemaker, David Cotton, 2d Lieutenant. Ensign. Captain. Lieutenant. Ensign. Captain. Lieutenant- Ensign. 35lh REGIMENT — Tallahatchie Cointv. William B. Ballard, Coluiiel CommandHUt. G. B. Godwin, Lieutenant Colonel. Bennet Statlin, Major. 36lh REGIMENT— Yallobusha Cointv, John Baltour, Colonel Commandant. John Williams, Adjutant. A. R. Herron, Judge Advocate. R. C. Malone, Surgeon. Dabney Morris, 1st Beat, Lst Batalion Thomas G. Bowls, " " J. C. Stokes, William J. Marshall. 2d '^ Absalom Bew, " " James Mitchell, '* " -Tames Wier, 8-1 *' " J. J. E. Iianier, " '' C. D. Wails, Abraham Hardeii, 1st " -M Henderson A. Snow, 2d " '- Samuel Watters, " A. T. Skinner, C. R. Hail, M - Sampson Moony, " •' William (^ropwais, " " 38tli REGIMENT— Jasper Colntv. John W. Hendricks, Colonel Commandant- William Bridges, Lieutenant Colonel, William Clayton, Major Captain, Lieutenant, Ensign. Captain. Lieulen;int, Ensign. Captain. Lieutenant. Ensign. Captain. Captain. Lieutenant. Ensign. Captain, Lieutenant, Ensiofn. Mississippi — Militia. 115 O, C Dease, Judge Atlvocatr. E. A. Buckner, Regimental Acljulaul Seymor Wliife, Surgeon. William Ellis, Quarter Master. William Williams, Captain. Joseph W. Hodges, Lieutenant. Benjamin R. Killen, Ensign. Fo\ni1ain Land, Captain. A. yiielby. Lieutenant. .Alartin Dyas, Ensign. Jared B. Watts, Captain. Sanmel B. Watts, Lieutenant. Rosin Davis, Ensign. George W. Bryan, Captaiti- Levi B. Parkej', Lieutenani. Benjamin White, Ensign* 39t!i REGIMENT— NfjsHoBx Countx. \\. M. Walsh, Colonel (yonnnandant, Franklin Lanham, Captain, R. Johnson, Lieutenant. J. J. Mitchell, Ensign. Madison McRea, Captain. Parker, Lieutenant. LeM'is, Ensign. 41^1 REGIMENT— Scott Col-ntv. Robert .1. .Small, Colonel Commandant. Robert W. Roberts, Lieutenani Colonel, Allen Scarborough, Major. 13(1 REGIMENT- Attala County. Gordon I>. Boyd, Colonel Connnandant, William Logan, Lieutenant Colonel. If. B. Scarborough, Major. ilih REGIMENT— Newtun Count. . .!, II. Tease, (!oloncl Conunandant. Samuel JN orris. Lieutenant Colonel. F. P. Mighbow, Major. 17lh REGIMENT— Ti.-.iiKMiNoo Countv S. H. Ivniiihf. Colonel Connnandant. Seaborn Jones, Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin S. Estis, Major. 1 16 Mississippi — Militia. 48th REGIMENT— Pontotoc County, John N. Wilie. Colonel Commandant. Nathaniel B. Davi.-?, Lieutenanl Colonel. William G. Crawley, Major. 49th REGIMENT— Tippah Colntv. Archibald M. Yovmg, Colonel Commandant. M. W. Moody, Lieii tenant Colonel. William Wharton, Major. John Memdea. l.st Beat, Captain. John Gosseit, "' " Lieutenant. I>. M. Thomas, " •' Ensign. Daniel Archer. "-id •• Captain. Lemuel Moon. 4th •• Captain. A. Branch, •' " Lieutenant. Robert Nutt, 5th '■ Captain. A. Day, " " Lieutenant. M. Switen, '• •* Ensign. J. M. Wills (ith •' Captain. J. W. Smith. " •* Lieutenant. H. A. Smith, •' " Ensign. T.O.Ellis, 7th >• Captain. L. Hatclicr, •■ •• Lieutenant. W. J,. Singleton, " " Ensign. W. M. Box, bth " Captain. jOtli regiment—Marshall Countt. Elbert Early, Colonel Connnandant. Thornton Davis, Lieute)nuit Colonel. W. D. L. F. Craig, Major. .51st REGIMENT— De Soto Culntv.. Miles Carey, Colonel Commandant. T. P. Rosyelle, Lieutetiant Colonel. John B. Tarner, Major. f>lth REGIMENT— Po.NOLA Culxtv; A. fS. Ivobertson, <'olonel Commandant. \,. V. Nance, Lieutenant Coh)nel. K.M. Childress, Major. .loth REGIMENT— LaPavkttk Cuint- James D. Haidiuii. Colonel Commandant Paiiiei Clark, l*t<;(5tenant CoIoium- Description of Adams County: 117 DESCRIPTION OF COUNTIES IN THE STATE OF MlSSISSirPI, xlDAMS COUNTY. Adams counfy is bounded north by Jefl'eison couiil\. east by Franklin, south by the Homochitto river, which divides it from \Vilkinson, and west by the Mississippi river. It contains an area of about three hundred and sixty sfpiarc niik's, has seventy thousand nine hundred and thirteen acres of land under cultivation, which produced in one thousand eioht hundred and tliirty-six, thirty-four ibousand nine hundred and sixly-four bales of cotton. Tjic number of free white inhabitants in one thousand eiglu liundred and thirty-seven, was live thousand two hundred and ninety; the number of slaves thirteen thousand lwf ihe county and fail into the Homochitto. These are incon- siderable streanjs and not navijrable. The appearance ol • he county is arrreeably diversified with gentle hills and plateaus of laml divided from each other by the branches of the creeks, or the numerous bayous which connect with the streams. The {>ost roads are the one leadinjf north- wardly thruujjh the county to .lackson, the southern to Woodvillc in Wilkinson, and the eastern to Meadvillc in P^ranklin. The soil is fertile, and being more oenerally cultivated than in other counties the annual cotton crop ot Adams exceeds, by some thousands of bales, that o( anv nflicr county in (lie slate. This comity is divided into six election precincts; Nat- chez, Washington and Pine Ridge, comprising the north- rrn half of the county, and Bruner's, Kingston and Or- gain's, (he south. COUNTY OFFICERS. ('. Raw lings, .fudge of the Probate Court. R. North, (;ierk do. do. S. Wood, Clerk of the Circuit Court. Mark I/od, Sheriff. P. p. Baker, Coroner. Hiram Hanchct, Tax Collector. 118 Description of Adams County. E. Stanton, Assessor. R. Bledsoe, County Treasurer. p. McGetrick, Ranger. Board of Police, H. Fowler, H. L. Courier, .S.Cham- berlin, J. F. McCaleb and I,. Covington. (JiiiKF Towns. — JNatchez wa.< incor])Oriiled as a city in December one thousand eight hundred and nine, and is the seat oi' justice for the county, situated on a commanding bluff wliich forms the east bank of the Mississippi river, in latitude thirly-one degrees thirty-four minutes, and longi- tude ninety-one degrees twenty-four minutes, west from Greenwich, and fourteen degrees twenty-lhree seconds west from. Washington City. Tlu^ centre of the city was assumed to be the door of the old Catholic church, which formerly stood on Main stree.t, in the vicinity of Masonic Hall — from which centre the chartered limits of the city described a square cxleiiding one mile each way, reaching westwardly to the middle of the Mississippi river. The city is laid o!T into regular squnres by the intersection of Canal, Wall, Peavl, Commerce, Rankin and Pine streets, running pjirallel to the river, nortli thirty east, with Homo- chitto, Washington, Slate, Main, Franklin and .lefferson streets, running south sixty east, iioriides these there are St. Cathtirities leading towards Washin.gton, Silver, Ful- ton and others leading to the landing, and Levee street at llie Avater's side. The site of the city is ii tioblc one — the esphtnade oti which it is built being otje hundred and seventy-five feet above liie level of ilie river. The gentle elevations which surround' the plane of the city give it the ;vuv. Marine RuH'ner, President. John AVillianison, Vice President. Thomas Reed, Secretary. K. Patterson, Treasurer. VV. A. Miller, First Directoi. IL R. Fox, First Assistant Director, Thomas Rose, Second Director. S. Tewksberry, Second Assistant Director, W. H. Baldwin, Third Director. A. Delamatre, Third Assistant Director. Each director has the subordinate connnand of the divi- sion to which his number assigns him. The president haa the autliority of chief engineer of the fire department, Tliere are two Masonic Lodges in Natcliez, and two fra- ternities of tlie Independent Odd Fellows. The Natchez Me- chanical Society has been incorporated by the legislature. Description of Adams County. 121 There are twenty-six practising physicians, and twenty-four counsellors at law and practising attorneys in the city. Washington is a post town of Adams county, situated on high rolling ground, about six miles east of Natchez, on the south side of the St. Catharine creek. The white po- pulation is now about two hundred and fifty souls. Form- erly it was much more populous, having contained an en- tire population of about eight hundred, in one thousand eight hundred and fifteen and one thousand eight hundred and sixteen. This town was laid oft' as early as one thou- sand seven hundred and ninety-eight, by John Foster, the original proprietor of the land under the Spanish govern- ment. It became the seat of the territorial government, under the United States, and remained such until one thou- sand eight hundred and seventeen. The convention for forming a state constitution was held here in July and August, one thousand eight hundred and seventeen, and on the fifteen of August, the first constitution of the state of Mississippi was adopted in this town. It was also the seat of justice for Adams county several years previous to the year one thousand eight hundred and seventeen. Former- ly it was quite a beautiful village, built on three parallel streets, of which the middle one was nearly a mile in length, enlivened with business and adorned with beauty and fash- ion. As the capital of tlie territory it was the residence of the governor, and heads of departments. A land office of the United States was early established here, and until within three years the office of Surveyor General of the lands soutli of Tennessee river, and the lands of Louisiana, was located in this to\vn. Jefterson College, which was chartered May thirteenth, one thousand eight hundred and two, was permanently loca- ted here November eleventh, one thousand eight hundred and three. Also the Elizabeth Female Academy which was chartered February seventeenth, one thousand eight hun- dred and nineteen. The entire population of Washington up to the summer of one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five, was about five hundred souls, but in September following, an epide- mic yellow fever ravaged the village, and carried off about one-tentli of the population, since A\hich others have re- moved, and the town has gradually declined. The Missis- sippi and Pearl River Rail Road passes through this town, and mav yet aid in making" it a place of some importance, ^ 11 122 Description of Amite County. especially if the College and the Female Academy can be put in successful operation. Selsertown is a post office of Adams county, about six miles northeast from Washington, on the Jackson road. It has a tavern, store and a few dwellings. Near this place are remarkable Indian mounds, some of them in a good state of preservation. Kingston is a post town, with a few dwellings, situated near the Homochitto, the southern boundary of the county. Prospect Hill is another post town, pleasantly situated on the road to Franklin and Amite counties. That tract of country known as the Pine Ridge passes diagonally through the county and reaches the river about one mile and a half above Natchez. AMITE COUNTY. Amite county is bounded north by Franklin county, east by Pike, south by the state of Louisiana, and west by Wil- kinson county. It has an area of about six hundred and forty-eight square miles, has thirty-four thousand live hun- dred and eighty-five acres of land under cultivation %vliich produced, in 1836, eiirht thousand seven hundred and sixty- eight bales of cotton. The population of this county, in 1837, was, free whites, three thousand three hundred and twenty; slaves lour tlmusand nine hundred and se- venty-six, of whom two thousand four hundred and seventy- six were females, and two thousand live luni(h'ed males. Nearly one half of this counly, whicli was originally a part of Wilkinson, is covered with pine, principally the lonn" leaf, or the turpentine pine. It is a liealthy county, with remarkably good water. The principal streams are the two branches of the Amite river, the eastern branch of which rises in Franklin county, and the western in the northern part of Amite, both converging towards each other, until they pass the southern boundary of the county to unite in Louisiana. Beaver creek waters the south- v/es tern cor- ner of the county. On all these streams the soil is remark- ably good, while the pine lands are better fitted for the cul- tivation of corn than cotton. The county is divided into the following election pre- cincts: Liberty; Thickwood'?, Toler's, Talbert's, Zion Description of Atalcb County. 123 Hill, Smith's, Spuilock's and Tickfaw. The chief towns are Liberty, Centreville and the Elysian Fields. Liberty is the counly seat, and lia.s a population of three hvindred inhabitants." It has a hotel, six stores, and two printing of- lices, at one of which is printed the Liberty Advocate, and at the other the Piney Woods Planter, both weekly papers. The county has a number of schools, but no incorporated Academy. There are, in the county, seven baptist church- es, four Presbyterian and four Methodist. This county was divided from Wilkinson in the year 1809; the population at that time was about one thousand five hundred. The first county court was holden in the au- tumn of the same year. This court was composed of five justices of the quorum, and had the jurisdiction of the coun- ty business, the opcniuo and repair of roads, and the trial of slaves. Tliomas Bachelor was the first clerk, and Mi- '-ajah Davis (now dead) was the chief justice of this court, and David Lea, (now living^) the first shcrifl'. In that same year (1800) Hon. Francis Xavier Martin, now Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Louisiana, held the first Circuit Court in the county of Amite. The dis- tance of Liberty, the county seat, from Jackson, the capi- tal of the State, is about 110 miles. COUNTY OFFICERS. Sheriff— Charles McKnight. Coroner — Aaron Butler, Jr. County Treasurer — Samuel Tillotson. Assessor and Collector of Taxes — William A. Jackson, Judge of Probate — John Walker. Clerk of the Probate Court — S. R. Davis. Clerk of Circuit Court — E. M. Davis, Ranger — J. O. Benthall. Surveyor — James Little. Board of PoUce. — Jehu Wall, Erasmus Cast on, David Pemble, James Denman, J. Cain. ATTALA COUNTY. The county of Attala had in 1837, a population of one thousand seven hundred and thirteen free white inhabitants, and seven hundred and eight slaves, of whom three hun- dred and seventy-four were males, and three hundred and thirty-four females. It had four thousand one hundred and thirty-seven acres under cultivation, with a cotton crop of one hundred and ninety-five bales. The county contains 134 Description of Attala County. seventeen entire townships and eight fractional parts o townships, or an area of about seven hundred square miles. It is bounded on the north by the county of Choctaw, on the east by Winston, on the south by Leake and Madison, and on the west by the Big Black river, which divides it from Holmes county. The face of the country is somewhat di- versified, being generally rolling land, and ripening in some places into considerable hills, which are usually covered with what appears to be large broken fragments of a kind of silicious rock, out of some of which excellent mill stones have been made. The growth is generally oak, pine, hickory, poplar, walnut, and other growth, usually found in middle Mississippi. There is but a very small part of this county but what is not only susceptible of cul- tivation, but also highly productive land, and from the- fact that most of the uplands are usually more or less mixed with sand, better adapted to the cultivation of cotton than creek and river bottom lands in the same latitude would be. The county is, perhaps, with the exception of a small region of country in the vicinity of Big Black river, one of the most healthy countries in the south, and abounds with in- numerable springs of never failing and excellent water, which consequently form creeks admirably calculated for mills, a number of which have been and are now being erected. Perhaps no part of the state offers greater in- ducement for the erection of saw-mills, as, independent of the home market, an easy means of transportation to the counties of Madison, Yazoo and Hinds, is offered down the Big Black and Yockanookany. The river Big Black, if im- proved by removing some of the logs and timbers out of it, would afford excellent keel-boat and even steam-boat navi- gation, a circumstance that will no doubt receive the favor- able notice and consideration of the Legislature. The riv- er Yockanookany wliich rises in Choctaw county, passes in a south-western direction through this county and empties into Pearl river iu Leake county. This is the longest branch of Pearl river, and might be easily made naviga- ble for keel boats. The most considerable creeks are the Lobutchy, which empties into Pearl river and the Seneasha, Baync, Falion, Apooktah, Muscogee and Tylphah, which empty into Big Black. There are several Chaly- beate and Sulphur Springs which have been found in the county. Five miles south of Kosciusko is a large spring of excellent water, which is said to have been formed by the earthquake in ISIL The county seat is Kosciusko, Description of Bolivar Counti/ 125 an incorporated town on section twenty-one, town- ship fourteen north, range seven east. It is a flourishing place, having excellent springs and remarkably healthy. This circumstance and the fact of its being near the geographical centre of the state, has caused it to be much spoken of as the most eligible site for the location of the State Seminary; if not the future seat of government of the State. COUNTY OFFICERS. Clerk of Circuit Court — William Exim. SherilT — Thomas H. Rogers. •Tudgc of Probate. — Samuel N. Gilliland. Clerk of Probate Court — John M. Thompson. County Treasurer — Michael N. Robertson. Surveyor — Alponson Allen. Assessor and Collector of Taxes — Robert M. Cade. Coroner — Thompson Sims. Ranger — Jasper H. Harvey. 4uctionecr — Benjamin Tarver. Board of Police — Henry J. Munson, Thomas E. He- nington, Edwin Tyus, John Greenlee, Allen Dodd. BOLIVAR COUNTY. The county of Bolivar is bounded north by Coahoma, cast by Tallahatchie county and the Yazoo river, which di- vides it from Carroll and Holmes counties, south and south- west by the Old Choctaw boundary dividing it from Wash- ington county, and west by the Mississippi river. The county has an area of about forty townships or one thou- sand four hundred and forty square miles. It has a free white population of only two hundred and forty-five inha- bitants — slaves six hundred and ninety-seven, of whom three hundred and ninety-two are males and 305 females. This extensive county is watered by the Sun Flower river, which runs through it dividing it nearly in the centre from north to south. The western branch of the Yazoo also runs through its south and south-eastern sections. COUNTY OFFICERS. F. Patterson, jr. Sheriff. Joseph McGuire, Judge ot Probate. A. B. Dodd, Clerk of the Circuit and Probate Courts. 11* J 36 Description of Carroll County. John Thompson, County Treasurer. Board of Police. — Isaac Hudson, Y. Alexandria, Oren Kinsly, Hiram D. Miller, Peter William. - CARROLL COUNTY. The county of Carroll is bounded on the north by Talla- hatcliie and Yalabusha counties, on the cast by Choctaw, on the southeast by Attala, south and southwest by Holmes, and west by the Yazoo river, which divides it from the county of Bolivar. It has an area of about twenty-eight townships, or nine hundred and eight square miles. In 1837 its population was four thousand and seventy free whites, slaves four thousand live hundred and sixty-three, of whom two thousand two hundred and eighty-six were males and two thousand two hundred and seventy-seven fe- males. It has twenty-seven thousand three hundred and sixty acres of land under cultivation, with a cotton crop in 1836 of six thousand nine hundred and sixty-one bales. The Yallabusha river forms the northwest boundary; Big Black river the east, and Yazoo river the west bounda- ry. Puttico-cou-ah creek runs west through the northern part of the county into Yallabusha river; Big-Sand creek rises east of the central part of the county, and runs west into the Yallabusha river; Pa-lu-sha rises in the central part of the county, and runs west into the Yazoo river: Biaka, south of the central, and nnis west into the Yazoo river; Hays' creek rises east of the central part of the county, Hnd runs southeast into Big Black river. The soil in the east part of the county is generally fer- tile; timber, oak, hickory, y tlie soutliern branches of tlie Bayou Pierre, wliieh liow in>rth- wardlv through the county, and by tlie tributaries to the Pearl, flowing southeastwarldly. There are seven post offices in this county — at Galia- Description of Covington County. 133 tin, Burton, Garnersville, Georgetown, Kennedy's store, Mount Washington and Pine Bluff. Gallatin, the county seat, is situated a short distance east of the south branch of the bayou Pierre. It was in- corporated in one thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine, and had a free white population in one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven of one hundred and eighteen. It is rapidly improving, being the centre of a noble and wealthy county. It has a court house, house of public worship, and u printing office, from which is published a weekly newspaper. Mount Washington is pleasantly situated about ten miles west of Gallatin, and Georgetown about fifteen miles east. COUNTY OPPICEBS Thomas HoUiday, Sheriff. S. H. Johnson, Judge of Probate. H. W. Bishop, Clerk of Probate. R, M. Graves, County Treasurer. P. Shoemaker, Assessor and Collector of Taxes, P. W. Hatch, Coroner. W. E. Tomlinson, Ranger. N. F. Rogers, Siirveyor. Board of Police. — ^John Gustavus, Wm. J. Willing, James S. Young, D. Shoemaker, G. W. Jelks. COVINGTON COUNTY. The county of Covington is bounded north by the coun- ties of Simpson and Smith, east by Jones, south by Perrj' and Marion, and west by Lawrence. It has an area of about sixteen townships, or five hundred and seventy-six square miles, of which nine thousand one hundred and eighty-four acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop in one thousand eight hundred and lliirty-six, of one thou- sand one hundred and thirty-three bales. The free wliitc population in one tho\isand eight hundred and ihirty-seven was one thousand eight hundred and fifty, slaves seven hundred and ninety-six, of whom three hundred and seven- ty-one were males aiul four hundred and tucnty-five fe- males. The county is square with the exception of the north- ern boundar}' which is the old Choctaw line, running a lit- tle to the north of east. Covington county is very fertile and watered entirely by the tributaries to the Leaf river. 1^ 134 Description of Covington County. Williamsburg-, the county seat, is located on the north west quarter of section number thirty-three, township number eight, of range sixteen west. It contains, besides the court house and jail, about forty dwelling houses, three stores, two taverns, one blacksmith and carriage maker's shop, a prosperous academy (not incorporated) under the superintendance of Mr. George D. Patterson, but t^iere is not a single grocery or grog shop in the village./ Wil- liamsburg is situated within half a mile of the geographi- cal centre of the county, on the waters of a creek called Terrible, which runs southwardly immediately by the town, and empties itself into the Buoie river, which rises in the northern extreme of this county, running west, then south, then east, so that after passing through the entire western and southern parts of the county, and receiving the Oaktomie at the extreme southeast corner of this county, it leaves it, thence running in an eastern direction about twenty miles through Perry county, and incorporates with the Leaf river. The Oaktomie creek takes its rise in Simp- son county, thence touching Smith, it enters Covington on the north east corner, running nearly south, makes its junc- tion with Buoie as above stated. Williamsburg is seventy-two miles southeast of Jack- son, thirty-two miles east of Monticello, thirty-one north of Columbia, twenty-five west of Monroe, (in Perry coun- ty) twenty-seven south southwest from Ellisville, forty miles south of Raleigh, (in Smith county) twenty-seven miles southeast from Weslville; it is eleven miles east from Mount Carmel, and thirteen southeast of Jaynesville in the same county. Williamsburg is equi-distant from Natchez, New-Orleans and Mobile, Ala., viz : — one lumdred and thirty miles. There are now but four post offices in the county, one at Williamsburg, one at Mount Carmel, one at Jaynesville, and one at Ocohay Bridge. Mount Carmel is beautifully situated, containing two or three stores, a tavern and a flourishing academy, incorpo- rated under the imitiediate control of the Rev. Truman Ferine, principal. Jaynesville is on the Bouie, carrying on a considerable trade in lumber, leather and meal, as well a<; saddles and shoes. Ocohay Bridge is where the military road crosses the Description of ClAiborne County. 135 Ocohay which rises in J^mith county, and enters into Leaf river in Covington county. Leaf river waters the eas- tern side of this county for several miles. There are about half a dozen churches, principally be- longing to the Baptist denomination, in this county. There are six election precincts; at Williamsburg court house, at Mount Carmel, at .laynesville, nt Ocohay Bridge, at Watt's on the Bouic, and at Price's on Holiday's creek. COUNTY OFFICERS. James L. Jolly, Sheriff. Daniel McLauren, .Judge of Probate, G. D. Patterson, Clerk of the Circuit and Probate Courts. James L. Jolly, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. Jeffrey Robertson, County Treasurer. Hugh Page, Ranger. Noah Nicholes, Coroner. John Napier, Surveyor. Board of Police. — John W. Hornsby, Reuben Watts, jr., Samuel B. Hathorn, Samuel L. Hemphill, John Knight. CLAIBORNE COUNTY. The county of Claiborne is in a triangular form, bound- ed on the northwest by the Mississippi and Big Black rivers, the latter of which divides it from Warren county, on the east by Hinds and Copiah counties, and on the south by Jefl'erson. It has an area of about eleven town- ships or three hundred and ninety-.six square miles, of which fifty-six thousand and forty-nine acres are un- der cultivation, with a cotton crop in eighteen hundred and thirty-six, of twenty-five thousand one hundred and eiffhty-three bales. Its free white population amounts to thirty-one" hundred and twenty-six, slaves eighty-eight hundred and seventy-two, of whom forty-four hundred and thirty-three are males and forty-four hundred and thirty- nine females. Claiborne county is watered by the Big Black on the north, and the biiyou Pierre aiul its tributaries — the main branch flowing westwardly quite across the county. The two principal branches form a junction just above Port Gibson, about eight miles from the Mississippi river. There are five election precincts in this county : Port Gibson, Grand Gulf, Rocky Spring, Griffin's and Bethel. There are six post offices : — Grand Gulf, Oakland Col- 136 Deaci'iption of Claiborne County. lege, Port Gibson, Rocky Spring, Willow Springs and Shelby's. Port Gibson is the county seat, bea\itifully situated on the south side of the bayou Pierre, about eight miles from its mouth. This city was incorporated in eighteen hun- dred and twenty-one, and has a population of four hundred and five whites. The limits of the city are comprised in a circle, the diameter of which is twelve hundred yards. The public buildings are a court house, jail, three church- es, a bank and an academy. The Academy is under the superintendence of Mann Butler, Esq., the erudite author of the best history of Kentucky now extant. There are two printing offices in Port Gibson, one of which issues the Port Gibson Correspondent, and the other the Port Gibson Southerner, both v.eekly papers. There is a rail road leading from this city to Grand Gulf, which greatly facilitates the trade of the place. There arc one or two volunteer military companies in this city, and an efficient fire company. Grand Gulf is situated very pleasantly on the bank of tlie Mississippi, near the northwestern corner of the coim- ty, a little south of the junction of the Big Black with the Mississippi. It is an incorporated city, having a white population of four hundred and ninety. The limits of Grand Gulf are thus described; taking the foot of Main street as a starting point — thence up the river one-fourth of a mile — thence back eastAvard, parallel with Main street, lialf a mile — thence south half a mile — thence west half a mile. There is a printing ofhce in the city, from Avhich a weekly paper is issued, called the Grand Gulf Advertiser. This city has a striking and romantic appearance as seen from the river. It has a flourishing academy and many private schools for the education of youth of both sexes. Oakland (College is a flourishing Institution, supported by private donations, situated in the southwestern corner of the county, about fifteen miles from Port Gibson, and live miles north of Rodney in Jeft'erson county. The college has a President, Rev. Dr. Chamberlain, Professor Chamberlain, (brother of the President) in the Mathematical chair, Professor Marshall in the department of Ancient languages, and Professor Jones in the depart- ment of Theology. Mr. Ross is principal of the preparatory department. The students, including those of the preparatory depart- ment, number about ninety. Description of De Soto County, IS? COUNTY OFFICERS. R. J. Bland, 8herift". James R. Wright, Coroner. N. McDougall, Judge of Probati'. J. Wetherall, Clerk of the Crinun;il Court. J. Wetherall, Clerk of Probate Court. J. D. Vertner, Clerk of the Circuit Court A. H. Bobo, Assessor of Taxes. R. p. Brown, County Surveyor. Josiah Rundall, Collector of Taxes. W. R. McOlpan, County Treasurer. James M. Sutton, Ranger. James Darrah, Auctioneer. County Police.— J. W. Ring, W. H. Martin, B. E. We&t, J. Rundell, R. F. Moore. Magistrates. — N. McDougall, J. W. Griffin, R. L. Breu- nam, Isaac Powers. Constables. — W. G. Renaud, James Scott, G. W. Mc- Nider. DE SOTO COUNTY. The county of De Soto, so named in honor of the fam.ous Spanish navigator and discoverer of Florida, Hernando de Soto, is the norllnvesternmost county in the state, being bounded on the north by the state line of Tennessee, east by Marshall, south by Ponola. and west by Tunica county and the Mississippi river. It has an area of about twenty- four townshij)s, or eight hundred and sixty-four square miles, of which three thousand six hundred and forty acres are cultivated with a cotton crop of one hundred and one bales Tile free white population is one thousand nine hundred and forty-two, .slaves eight hundred and eighty- two. This county is watered by the auxiliaries to the Talla- hatchie which forms the western in-anch of the Yazoo — among these head streams the Cold Water is the most conspicuous, and runs through the county in a southwest- erly course thirty or forty miles. Into the Cold Water flow nutnerous creeks which intersect the whole county, and agreeably diversify its rich soil. It also abounds in the purest springs. Horn creek, after a western course of fifteen or twenty mites, falls into Horu lake, in the extreme northwestern corner of the county. This lake was the ancient bed of the Mississippi, which now flows in a new channel, several miles to the west of the lake. There are eight election precints in this county : — Her* 13* 13S DeseripHon of Franklin County. nando, Castleville, Beals, Coehran'sj Horn Lake, Looka- hoina, Hancock'? and Crockett's, The post town and county seat, Hernando, is situated near the centre of the county, on section thirteen, range eight, township three. It is ninety miles distan^, from Cofi'eeville, the county seat of Yalabusha county. It has a population of one hundred and fifty free whites; it has three stores and two hotels. The soil on the Cold Water is extremely fertile. COUNTY OFFICERS. William McMahon, Judge of Probate. Robert Atchison, Circuit Clerk. John C. Pryor, Probate (^lerk. C. B. Payne, Sherifl". Claiborne B. Ritchie, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. Mark H. Renfro, County Treasurer, William E. Beavens, Surveyor. N. J. Calwell, Coroner. Bedford Brown, Ranger. Board of Police. — Milton Block, Stephen Nowland, William Livrly, Joseph Hilton, Samuel M. King. FRANKLIN COUNTY. The county of Franklin is bounded north by Jefferson and Copiah counties, east by Lawrence and Pike, south by Amite and Wilkinson, and West by Adams. The county is in the shape of a parallelogram, being longest from west to east; it has an area of seventeen townships, or about six hundred and twelve square miles, of which nineteen thousand nine hundred and sixty-nine acres are cultivated Avitli a cotton crop of six thousand and forty- nine bales. Its population is one thousand two hundred .'ind twenty-six white males, eight hundred and forty white females, one tliousand two hundred and fifty-four male slaves, and one thousand two hundred and ninety-three fe- jualc slaves. Franklin is watered by the head branches of the Homo- chitto, which unite near Meadville in the southern range of county townships. This county has post offices — at Meadville, at McCall's Creek, at Portersvllle and Pine Grove. There are six election precincts ; — Meadvillcf Brtcc^s S^tore, Allen Loften's, John Furnii^e', Dry Bayoti fetid Jo- seph deorgee^ Description of Crreen County, 139 There are no incorporated academies or literary institu- tions in the county. Meadville is the county seat. It is eighty-five miles from Jackson, and is situated on the northeast quarter of section twenty-nine, township six, range three east, on the south- east corner of the west half of said quarter section. It ha^ a population of forty-eight free whites. The public build- ings are a courthouse, jail, clerks offices, masonic hall, used also as a church, two hotels and four stores.; Portersville is in the extreme western part of fhc coun- ty. The only natural curiosities of note in the county are the Franklin Springs. COUNTY OFFICERS. \V. R. Ratcliff, Sheriff. William Proley, Judge of Probate. John P. Stewart, Clerk of the Circuit and Probate Courts. James H. McDaniel, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. Lewis M. Hollinger, County Treasurer. Owen H. Magee, Ranger. Samuel J. Magee, Surveyor. Duncan Magee, Coroner. Board of Police. — Daniel Higden, David May, Demprey B. Cain, Orin Shurlliff, George G, Strait. GREEN COUNTY. Green county is situated in the south eastern part of the state, and immediately on its eastern boundary, it is bounded north by Wayne county,east by the state line, south by Jackson county, and west by Perry county. Its length is about thirty miles, and its width about twenty-four; containing about seven Imndred and twenty square miles. Leaks ville, the county site, is the only place in thlts county that aspires to tlie name of a village; it is situated on a beautiful high pine level, on the west side of the Chick- asawha river, in the eastern part of the county; its popu- lation consists of one family only; it has a very inferior log court house and jail, arul hut for its name would never be suspected of being any thing more than a common farm. Adams' Store is a good stand, about twelve miles above jLeakevjlle, on the west side of Chickasawha river? where ihefe la also a tettyt \ Thiii iioUnty coiitdns two poni dffi- 140 DeicriptiofL of Green County- ces, Leaksville and Leaf Rirer, the last mentioned is situ- ated in the south west corner of tlie county, on the east side of Leaf river, at both of which the mail is delivered twice a week. Rivers, &.c. — Chickasawha, a Choctaw word, meaning half Creek and half Choctaw, this river having at one time been the dividing line between those two nations, is the largest water course in this county; it enters on the north near the eastern boimdary of the county, and runs a due .south course until it approaches within tifteen miles of its junction with Leaf, when its course is changed to west south west, till it leaves the county near its south west corner; it is about eighty yards wide, remarkably sinuous and deep with a gentle current; it was formerly navigated to some extent with keel boats and barges, but was soon after abandoned and remained a number of years in undis- turbed repose, till about two years ago, when its naviga- tion was again attempted with a steam boat, by an enter- prising and public spirited gentleman, with a view of proving its practicability; he was however unfortunate, and his boat was sunk a few miles below Leaksville by the carelessness of those who had the management of her — a large barge was successfully run during the last winter, to some distance farther up the river than had ever been done before. A number of gentlemen in the counties bor- dering on this river, have formed a company with a capital of thirty thousand dollars, for the purpose of improving its navigation; they have adopted a constitution and by-laws, appointed their agents, etc, and arc making arrangements to put their plans in successful operation tlic ensuing win- ter; it is a project of considerable importance to the eas- tern part of the state, aYid richly merits the fostering care of the legislature; with the appropriation of a few thousand dollars on ihe part of the state in aid of this undertaking, the exertions of this enterprising company will render the Cliickasawha a cheap and eflicient outlet for the produce of a considerable portion* of the eastern counties. Leaf river, a stream of nearly the same size and character of Chickasawha, crosses the south west corner of this county, and joins Chickasawha a few miles below its southern boundary. There arc few creeks of a size or any thing peculiarly (o attract attention in this comity, Atkinson's and Walley's, both arising in this county, arc the largest, the former empties into Leaf and the latter into Chicka- sawha. Description of Green County- 141 The character of the soil, face of the country, etc., are exactly similar to that of Perry 'county; the swauips and hammocks on the rivers and creeks are fertile and covered with all the varieties of timber usually to be met with in the southern country, most of it however is subject to inun- dation. The intermediate lands between the water courses are poor, level or gently undulating pine woods, with scarcely any other timber than pine, and though unfit for cultivation, it allbrds an excellent range for cattle. The population of this county is small, the same causes which served to reduce the population of Perry are equally ap- plicable to this, (viz.) the extraordinary inundations of the most fertile lands, together with the inducements offered to emigrants by the purchase of a portion of the Choctaw lands. The inhabitants are generally hospitable, sober and industrious, de])cnding chiefly for subsistence on their in- dividual labor, their farms yielding them all the necessaries and most of the comforts they enjoy, moderate in their desires, they have never been infected with that extraor- dinary mania of reckless and extravagant speculations, which has lately terminated in a convulsion of the whole civilized world, and brought devastation and ruin to thou- sands; while the citizens of other parts of the state in utter disthay beheld the wreck and total ruin of their fortunes, those in the south cast "calmly pursued the wise tenor of their ways" in the full enjoyment of their wonted pros- perity. The trade of this county, like that of the adjoining conn- ties, consists chiefly of live stock, the city of Mobile about fifty miles from Leaksville, aflbrding an excellent market. The raising of cotton as an article of trade is found to be far less profitable than (hat of live stock; a considerable portion of the land, though unfit for cultivation, aflbrds ai\ inexhaustible range for stock. Cattle, sheep, hogs, etc., sustain themselves in the finest condition during the whole year, .simply on the food nature supplies them with. COUNTY OFFICERS. .lames Wally, Sherifi". Isham Moody, Judge of Probate. D. F. Amis, Clerk of the Circuit and Probate Courts. .Tohn Mclmis, Surveyor. Robert Durmun, Assessor and Collector. Elam Phillips, County Treasurer. John B. Dewit, Coroner. 142 Description of Holmes County. James Evans, Ranger. Board of Police — Littleton Coker, Thomas Baird, Ebe- nezer Dunam, Curtis Cooly, Thomas Hunt. HOLMES COUNTY. The county of Holmes is of an irregular shape, bound- ed on the northeast by Carrol county, on the southeast by the Big Black river, which divides it from the coun- ties of Attala and Madison, on the southwest by the Yazoo county, and on the west by the Yazoo river, which divides it from Bolivar county. It has an area of about sixteen towiiships or five hundred and seventy-six square miles, of which thirty thousand six hundred and thirty-five acres arc under cultivation, with a cotton crop, in one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six of nine thou- sand five hundred and tAventy-onc bales. It has a white population of two thousand nine hundred and fifty-two, slaves five thousand six hundred and sixty-one, of whom two thousand five hundred and eighty-three are males and two thousand four hundred and seventy-eight females. The county is watered by the two noble rivers which form its eastern and western boundaries, the Yazoo and Big Black, and their tributaries — Chicopa, Funnigusha, and Black creeks, flowing westwardly into the Yazoo, and other smaller ones flowing eastwardly into the Big Black. Lexington, near the geographical centre, is the county seat, and has a population of two hundred and ninety-four whites, males one hundred and seventy-eight, females one hundred and sixteen, and slaves one hundred and twenty, making in all four hundred and fourteen. The public buildings in Lexington arc a court house and Presbyterian church. There are eight stores, four groceries and one apothecary's shop. The following gentlemen arc counsellors at law and physicians in the town and county : — Lawyers. — Robert Cook, Archibald H. Paxton, Nathan- iel E. Rives, James R. Enloe, James M. Dyer, John W. Dyer, John W. Anderson und Hugh H. Fultz. Physicians. — N. Lamar Cain, Ira S. Mitchell, J. A. Bone, Frances R, Cheatham, Moses B. Rogers. There are five election precincts in the county : at Lex- ington court house, Rainor's store, Taylor's store, Rich- land and Eulogy. The five post offices are at Franklin, Lexington, Lock- hart's store, Smithfield and Tchula. Description of Hancock Covnty, 143 COUNTY OFFICERS. iNathauiel E. Rives, Judge of Probate. Israel W. Pickens, Sheriff". Henry Morton, Circuit Clerk. Wilson A. Purdam, Probate Clerk. John C. Rives, Coroner. A. Erwin, County Treasurer. William M. Burton, Assessor and Collector. Samuel M. Dickey, Ranger. Calvin Benjamin, Surveyor. Reuben W. Garrison, Auctioneer. Board of Police. — Joseph R. Plummer, Alexander Ma- gee, Joseph A. Thomas, Vincent H. Carraway, Lewis G. Gallaway. Magistrates. — William H. Hines, Jacob Perkins, James H. Cooper, John W. Cowen, W. T. Land, Thomas S. Maury, Thomas Rayner, Fulgham, James E. Glas- cock, John S. Ellis. Constables. — Henry W. Brantly, Decent Knight, A. G. Harris, George Hurst, James Caruthers, Joseph Swann. HANCOCK COUNTY. The county of Hancock, among the largest in extent in the state, is the southernmost in geographical position. It is bounded north by Marion and Peny counties, east by Perry and Jackson, south by the Gulf of Mexico, and west by the Pearl river, which separates it from Louisiana. Eight townships in this coimty have their base on the Gulf of Mexico. The limits of this county include an area equal to fifty-five townships, or one thousand nine hundred and eighty scpiare miles, of which only two thou- sand three hundred and seventy-four acres are under cul- tivation, with a cotton crop of one hundred and sixty-se- ven bales. The number of white inhabitants in one thou- sand eight hundred and thirty-seven, was one thousand se- ven hundred and fifty-five, slaves seven hundred and tvven- ty of whom three hundred and fifty were males and three hundred and sixty-three females. This county is watered by tlie Pearl, its western boun dary, by the Mount Jordan and Wolf rivers, and the Bo- locheeto, Cutcumbula and other creeks. Two noble bays run up from the Gulf of Mexico into the county, the bay of St. Louis, noted as a fashionable sum»ner resort for health and sea-bathing, and the bay of Biluxi. 144 Description of Hinds County. The chief towns are Pearlington, situated on the east bank of the Pearl river, about six miles from the Gulf of Mexico; Shieldsboro, the county seat, having a court house and jail, on the west shore of the bay of St. Louis; Wolf River Village, to the north of the bay of St. Louis: Biluxi Village between the bay of Biluxi and Ihe Gulf, situated on the latter; Spring Cottage; and Mississippi Cit)^ situa- ted on the Gulf of Mexico, about equi-distant from the rnouth of the bay of Biluxi and Pass Christian near the bay of St. Louis. Mississippi City. — ^The location of this great future sea port of Mississippi, and of the southwest at large, is so commanding that it will ever be a matter of surprise that it was not sooner appropriated to the uses for which it was designated by the munificent hand of nature. Nei- ther New Orleans, Mobile, Pensacola or Charleston can hold competition to the vast natural advantages of Missis- sippi City as a sea port of the first magnitude. The har- bor surveyors pronounce the capacity and safety of the anchorage to equal if not surpass that of any other harbor in the United States. Its freedom from either ice or rock- bound shores — its protection from winds by the southwes- tern neck of main land, and Cat, Ship and other islands — its noble passes between Cat Island and the main land with twenty-seven feet of water, and between Cat and Ship Islands with thirty-three feet of water, and with forty to forty-three feet of water inside — its good mud bottom — all combine to render it a safe and magnificent road-stead, \vhere ships of the largest class can ride, sheltered and safe, within a mile of the shore. Indeed those excellent judges of naval positions, tlie British anchored their fleet in this harbor, during tl\e invasion of New Orleans in the late war. The only possible approach of storms from the southeast is guarded by a chain of islands. The water in the offing gradually shallows from the Gulf to the island passes, where there is from twenty-seven to forty-three feet to come in with. The site presents a bold, firm and dry front from Pass Christian to the bay of Biloxi. There are no marshes nor low groimds in the rear; and it is far enough removed from the Pearl river swamps on the west, and those of Pasca- goula on the east, to be entirely free of musquitoes and miasmas from those sources. Instead of being under the necessity of retreating from this site to find a healthful summer residence, the -reverse would be the case. This Description of Hancock County. 145 coast is now the Arcadia of the southwest — the refuge of the interior and of the Delta from summer and autumnal fevers. The luxurious and inexhaustible oyster beds, the almost endless variety of fish in the sea, and the abundance of wild fowl on shore, would astonish while it delighted the gourmand, and almost awaken life and appetite with- in "the ribs of death." The water gushes up in exhaust- less profusion through the strata of sand and gravel, as pure as the rock springs of the mountains. The entire shore is belted with fine groves of pine, tow- ering in majestic pride, and of live oak — of which there are large reserves owned by the United States as the future supplies for her navy yards; and on such a spot, and with such resources at hand, it is really wonderful that the Uni- ted States have not before this located a navy yard here, both for the facilities afforded to ship building and the contiguity of the position to those seas that most require the supervision of our naval force to prevent piracy and outrage. This brief description, founded on undoubted authority, gives but a faint idea of the natural advantages of the site of the future emporium of the southwest. It always holds go'od that wherever nature has furnished inexhaustible agricultural resources, she has also provided an outlet for the superabundance of s\ich natural wealth. Mississippi City is destined to be the outlet of the wealth of that proud state which bears the name of the great Nile of the West, This future city is to make good the device on the stand- ard of our state; it is to be the sea-beaten rock on which the eagle of Mississippi shall whet his talons, and from which he shall dart his keen eye over the waters of the dark blue sea, the home of the storm — but also the high- Avay of national glory and individual wealth. It is said that there is a remnant of a Gipsey or Egyp- tian tribe in this and Jackson county, the stock of which was brought hither by the French, in the first settlement of this coast, some time between seventeen hundred and seven and seventeen hundred and twenty-one.. There are three post offices in this county — at Pearling- ton, Shieldsboro and Spring Collage. COUNTY OFFICERS. Lewis Daniell, Probate Judge. J. S. Breest, Clerk of the Probate Court. 13 146 Description of Hinds County, George W. Robinson, Sheriff, Assessor and Collector. O. Farve, Coroner. S. White, County Treasurer. Elisha Cawen, Surveyor. R. P. Wingate. Ranger. Board of Police. — Julius Monett, Brantly Bond, L. T. Kemball, Henry Dillard, George Holley. Magistrates. — James C. Cleaveland, Sannuel White, Shadrick Stewart, Daniel B. Buttler, John S. Brush, Tho- mas Batson, Preston Bond, Hedlen Wentyell, Constables. — John Rayer, William Seals, H. Wheate, Edward McGraw, Robert Deloney. HINDS COI?NTY. The county of Hinds is bounded north by Madison, east by Riiukin and Simpson, south by Copiah, and west by Claiborne and Warren counties. It has an area of about twenty-live townships or nine hundred square miles of which eighty-live thousand live hundred and twelve acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop, in 1836, of twenty-six thou- sand four hundred and twenty-six bales. It has a white po- pulation of seven thousand live hundred and one slaves four- teen thousand nine hundred and twenty-nine, of whom se- ven thousand and fifty-nine are male.<» and six thousand eight hundred and seventy females. The surface of the central, northern and nortliwestern parts of this county is generally undulating, and the soil fertile and productive; and of the southern part, the surface is more uneven and the soil less fertile, thovigh i« is interspersed with many va- luable tracts of land. There are several creeks, in this county, tributary to the Big Black and Pearl rivers and Bayou Pierre; the chief of which are Baker's creek in the northwest, emptying into the Big Black and Tallahata, in the sjuth into Bayou Pierre. The swamps upon the Big Black, Pearl and creeks, are generally narrow. There are several incorporated towns in Hinds county, viz: Jackson, Clinton, Raymond, Amsterdam, and the Mississippi Springs. Jackson, the capital of the state containing live hun- dred and twenty inhabitants and situated on Pearl river, is a flourishing town. The state-house now being orected, if completed according to the present plan, will be a com- description of Hinds Cov/nty. 147 modious and elegant building, ilt contains two hotels and several stores. > There are two weekly newspapers pub- lished in Jackson. Clinton, the fourth town in the state in point of popula- tion, which is six hundred and thirteen, is situated ten miles west of Jackson, and eight miles north of Raymond in the midst of a beautiful and fertile country, and contains two churches, Presbyterian and Methodist, two hotels and fifteen or twenty stores. Here is located Mississippi Col- lege, which is not at present in operation, and is without endowments. There two weekly newspapers published in Clinton. Raymond, the county seat, pleasantly situat- ed near the centre of the county, with a population of four hundred and thirty, contains a com"t-]iousc, jail, several stores and a male and female school; the latter is in a prosperous condition. Arrangements have been made for the erection of a church. There is a newspaper publish- ed in Raymond. The Mississippi Springs, situated in the midst of a hilly and elevated country, five miles from Raymond, six miles from Clinton, and twelve miles from Jackson, have been extensively improved. The buildings now undergoing an enlargement, are sufficient to accommodate comfortably several hundred visitors. The waters of these springs have never been critically analyzed; dift'erent fountains contain different ingredients. Sulphate of Magnesia, Sul- phate of Iron, and Carbonate of Soda, have been detected in various proportions. They are known from long expe- rience to act upon tlie liver, also as a sudorific, diuretic, and tonic. Edifices upon a liberal scale, have been com- menced for a male and female academy which have been in operation, in temporary buildings, during the present year. A number of planters are improving lots, at this place, for residences, especially during the warm season, for the com- bined advantages of health and the education of their children. Within this county, at difl'erent places, have been dis- covered Marl, Shells, Bituminous coal, and Mineral wa- ters, and petrifactions of wood, at the depth even of forty or fifty feet. There are Post-ofHces at Jack.son, Clinton, Raymond. Cayuga, Bridgeport, Amsterdam, Yeizers' Store, Fleet" wood. Newtown and Spring Hill. 148 , Description sf Jtawamha County. There are Election Precints at Jackson, Clinton, Socie- ty Ridge, Amsterdam, Springfield, Auburn, Cayuga, Uti- ca, Ware's, Yeizer's Store. COUNTY OFFICERS. William C. Demos«, Sheriff. G. E. Beauchamp, Clerk of Circuit Court. H. G. Johnston, Judg& of the Probate Court. S. S. Scott, Clerk of Probate Court. J. L. Chappell, Asse.ssor of Taxes. N. L. Taber, Collector of Taxes. John C. Long, Ranger. L. Luske, Coroner. Board of Police, H. Green, John Stewart, B. G. Simms, Joseph Gray, Leroy Tahem. William Deen, County Treasurer. John McKay, County Surveyor, ITAWAMBA COUNTY. The county of Itawamba i.<; situated in the northeastern quarter of the state, bounded north by Tishamingo county, east by the state of Alabama, south by Monroe, and west by Pontotoc counties. It has an area of twenty-five town- ships or nine hundred square miles, of which only one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight were under cultiva- tion in 1836 with a cotton crop of fifty-three bales. It had in 1837 a white population of one thousand four hundred and seventy, slaves one hundred and ninety, males ninety- nine, and females ninety-one. This county is watered through its centre, from north to south, by the Twenty Mile creek, into which flows, from the eastern Umits of the county, the Bull Mountain creek; Old Town creek waters the western part of the county. These all are the head streams of the Tombigbee. The county seat is Jacinto, located near the centre, on section two, range eight east, and township four. Jacinto is a post town with a population of one hundred and fifty, with a school in which thirty-five pupils are taught; it has three hotels and three stores. The other towns are Neshoba, twenty-three miles north- east of Jacinto; Eastport, at the eastern boundary of the Description of Jackson County. 149 county, on Bear creek; Pittsburg, at. the southea&t corner of the county, and Farminffton, a small town thirteen miles north of Jacinto. Keel boats ascend the Tombigbec to this county during a part of the year. In Itawamba are to be found some of the most ancient settlements of theChickasaws. The thirteen election precincts are at Jacinto, AUstott't., Boone, Lendrey's, Carroll's, Estel's, Powell's, Farming- ton, Riser's, Antry's, Jobert, Pittsburg and Carter. JACKSON COUNTY. This county is situated in the extreme southeast corner of the state, bounded on the north by Green county, east by the state line, south by the Gulf of Mexico and west by Hancock county; its length is about forty-five miles, and its extreme breadth thirty-six, containing about one thou- sand two hundred and sixty square miles. Its free white population is one thousand three hundred and nineteen, slaves four hundred and three. Towns, ifec. — Jackson court-house is situated near the centre of the countv, on a small stream called Cedar creek, on the east side and a few miles from Pa'^cagoula river. — There is nothing at this place to distinguish it from the or- dinary farms of the country; it contains no public buildings Avhatever; the courts are usvially held in a room of the dwelling house of the only family residing at the place. There is also a post office kept at the same place. Krebsville is a beautifully sitviatcd village at the mouth, and on the east side of Pascagoula bay- It contains fifteen or twenty families, mostly French; there is an excellent school taught at this place, and it is esteemed one of the finest summer retreats on the coast. ' Immediately oppo- site this village, on the west side of the bay, there is a splendid hotel, capable of accommodating upwards of three hundred boarders. Under the management of its enterprising proprietor, this hotel has attained to a great degree of celebrity, and justly enjoys the patronage of a large number of the most fashionable people from Mobile and New-Orleans during thf summer months. Rivers, give to the scenery a romantic and picturesque appearance. The beauty of its situation, together with the salubrity of the climate, renders this bay one of the most delightful sum- mer retreats in the state; and its advantages are beginning to be duly appreciated by the neighboring cities of Mobile and New-Orleans, as well as the western parts of this state. On the eastern shore of this bay, near its mouth, are the jiiins of an ancient fortification apparently built many cen- turies ago. It appears to have been built chiefly of sea shells. Within this ruin, several feet beneath the surface, have been found fire coals, and fragments of a peculiar kind of earthenware, together with many human bones; amongst them were discovered parts of a himian skeleton of gigantic proportions. The upper part of the skull was said to be sufficiently large to fit loosely over the largest heads. All traces of a historical n_ature of its origin have long since disappeared. There is, however, a tradition still extant amongst the old French settlers on the bay, said to be derived from the aborigines who inhabited the coast on its first settlement by the French, that this fortifi- cation was built by a tribe of Indians long since extinct, known as the Biluxies. According to the legend, this tribe were at war with a more powerful neighbouring tribe. Af- ter many successive defeats they were driven to the sea shore, where they built this fortification; they were close- ly and vigorously besieged for a considerable time, till their supplies became exhausted, and they were reduced to the last extremity. Hope having deserted them, in a fit of despair they marched into the ocean and all perished. In the neighbourhood of this ruin is frequently heard a most extraordinary and strange music. It can be heard during the sunmier months only, and on the most calm and serene evenings, usually soon after sun set; it is said to be truly melodious, resembling several instruments in concert; the most perfect harmony seems to exist in its varied ca- dence, though no peculiar notes or instruments are imitated. The sound appears to have no peculiar or limited bounds, 162 Description of Jasper County. biit seems to be transitory, — sometimes appearing to be in the water, and, immediately changing its position, seems to be transferred to the atmosphere; approaching and re- ceding at intervals; sometimes dying away for some min- utes, and then suddenly reviving with increased energy. The length of time that this mysterious nocturnal music continues is various and irregular; sometimes but momen- tary, — again it will continue for hours, — and, lingering, leave the ear so slowly that it will long dwell in fancy, and the delusion will last till we are almost led to believe that it exists only in imagination; and, was it not supported by the evidence of undoubted testimony, it would be difficult to give credit to such a seeming phantasy. But that such music is heai-d there, is beyond a doubt. It is attributed to various causes, but the one most generally accredited, by the superstitious of the neighbourhood, is couched in fiction, and linked with the tradition oftheBiluxi Indians. There are two post offices in this county; one at Jack- son court-house, and the other at Cross Roads. COUNTY OFFICES. James Goff, Sheriff John Fairly, Judge of probate. Samuel Davis, 8en=, Clerk of the Circuit and Probate Courts. Charles S. Holland, County Treasurer. Thomas Rhodes, Surveyor. James Gofl', Assessor and Collector of Taxes. David Pickett, Coroner. Board of Police. — Moses Ward, Patrick Ward. James r. Bradford, Samuel Davis Jun'r , William Cooper. JASPER COUNTY. Jasper county, so called in honor of Serjeant Jasper of Georgia, is situated in the Choctaw Purchase, and was e- rected into a county in 1833, pursuant to an act of the Le- gislature of this State. It is bounded east by Clark, north by Newton, south by Jones, and west by Smith counties. A number of streams pass through it, the most important of which are the Tallee jffa^Zec, which heads in the north, and runs in a south- western direction, near the centre of the county; Tal- lee Homo, takes its rise in the western part of the coun* Description of Jasper County. 153 ty, and runs in a southeastern direction, and empties in the Tallce Hallce in Jones county; Boguc Homo, heads in the eastern part of the county, and runs in a southwestern di- rection, and empties into the Tallce Hallee in Perry coun- ty. The Oakachickama, (Good Water) is a small stream that oozes out of the surface of the earth within the pre- cincts of Paulding, and after winding its way for a few miles, loses its name by being merged with the waters of the Tallce Homo. The surface of the country is level and rather pictur- esque; the soil is generally sandy, with here and there a mixture of clay. It abounds in beautiful prairies which in the summer season present a delightful appearance. The timber is mostly pine, but interspersed with white oak, hie- kory, black jack, maple, &.c. About one-eighth of the county is under cultivation. Corn, peas, sweet potatoes, are the principal staples; cotton can be raised in abun- dance, but in consequence of the great distance to market, few planters turn their attention to its cultivation. The number of acres of land cultivated in 1836, was six thou- sand six hundred and nineteen; and the number of bales of cotton produced in the same year was nine hundred and nineteen. It contains a white population (according to the last census, taken in 1837,) of one thousand eight hundred and tifty-one; number of slaves seven hundred and sixly- three; and is susceptible of a dense settlement. The coun- ty is extremely healthy; the atmosphere being saturated with the sea-breeze, even thus far from the sea-coast, a dis- tance of more than one hundred and fifty miles. The number of votes polled in Jasper county in the year 1837 was four hundred and fifty-five. The election precints are fire — Paulding, Garlandsville, Killen's, Wood- Avard's and Brinson's. There are post-offices in Jasper coimty at Paulding and at Garlandaville. Paulding is the county seat of Jasper. It is situated on a beautiful level, between undulating ridges and sparkling streams of pure water on either side. The name of the place is called in honor of Paulding of the revolution. A. branch of the Bank of the Mississippi and Alabama Rail-road Company is located here, with i^ capital of three hundred thousand dollars. The Paulding academy was in- corporated in 1830, and the academical edifice is now un- 154 Description of Jasper County. der contract, and progressing rather slowly. It containi a population (free white and colored) of about two hundred and fifty inhabitants. It has four dry goods stores, and about the same number of groceries. Its streets cut the cardinal lines at angles of forty-five degrees, and are nam- ed Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Jackson, Van Buren, &c. There is a well furnished printing office in the place, from which a paper is weekly issued, with the title of the "Eastern Clarion." There are about six lawyers located at Paulding. This town is centrally situated, and promi- ses to become an inland town of considerable note. It is incorporated by an act of the Legislature. The names of the Selectmen follow; the first is President in virtue of the charter, Benjamin Hunt, James C. Moffett, Jacob G. Collins. John Lightner, James McDugald. The folloAv-ing persons are Commissioners to open books for the subscription of stock to the Union bank. Asa Halfield, John W. Hendrick, Seymour White. The officers of the Paulding branch of the Mississippi and Alabama Rail-road Company are, Thomas S. Sterling, President; Benjamin Hurst, Cashier; Robert Wyatt, Tel- ler; Directors, Thomas S. Sterling, Benjamin Hurst, Wil- liam Ellis, William Leggett, John J. McRae, William A. Lang,William Towner, James E. Watts, Alexander Trotter and Moses Collins. COUNTY OFFICERS. Isham H. Clayton, Sheriff". Lennon B. Ellis, Judge of Probate. Larkin Collins, Clerk of the Circuit and Probate Courts. William Hartfield, Surveyor. William Hozey, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. A. F. Hargis, County Treasurer. William Helton, Coroner. William Ellis, Ranger. Board of Police. — Asa Woodard, L. B. Brown, Joseph D. Abney, John W. Dean, John Bridges. Description of Jefferson County. 155 JEFFERSON COUNTY. The county of Jefferson is bounded north by Claiborne county east by Copiah, south by Adams and west by the Mis- sissippi river. It has an area of about sixteen townships or five hundred and seventy-six square miles, of which fifty thousand and ninety-seven acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop, in 1836, of twenty-two thousand and thirty- one bales. The white population is two thousand two hun- dred and sixty, slaves eight thousand two hundred and ninety, of whom four thousand one hundred and eighty- three are males and four thousand one hundred and seven females. The southern branches of Bayou Pierre head in tins county, and flow northwardly; Petit Gulf and Cole's creek head in this county and flow westwardly; the Homochitto heads in Jeflferson and flows southwardly. The chief towns are Fayette, the county seat, Rodney, the shipping port, on the Mississippi river, Malcom, Green- ville and Church Hill, at each of which there is a post ofllice, - • Fayette is sitiiated centrally, and has the court-house and other public buildings of the county seat. It has a flourishing academy, and a white population of ninety-one. Rodney was incorporated in 1828, and is a place of con- siderable commerce, situated in the northwestern part of the county, on abend of the Mississippi, at the mouth of the PetitGulf. It has a white population of one hundred and ninety-four, a church, about twenty stores, a bank, and a printing oflice, from which is issued a weekly newspaper. The site of Rodney is romantic, being confined by the Pe- tit Gulf below the city, and a small sluggish bayoii above, and hemmed in behind by a precipitous eminence. Tlie two business streets are the one parallel to the river, and the one proceeding from it at right angles, and running along the banks of the Petit Gulf into the country. Greenville is situated in the southwestern part of the coimty near the mouth of Cole's creek. Malcolm is in the southern part of the county. COUNTY OFFICERS. John M. Whitney, Judge of Probate. James J. Collier, Clerk of Circuit Court. 156 Description of Jones County. Charles T. Miles, Clerk of the Criminal and Probate Courts. George Torry, Sherift'. John H. Collier, County Treasurer. Thomas H. Marble, Collector of Taxes, Edward McPherson, Assessor of Taxes. John Young, Coroner. Angus McPhail, Surveyor. John H. Ihmcan, Ranger. A. M. Halley, Auctioneer. Board of Police. — James Snodgras, Isaac A. B. Ross, Washington S. Burch, David W, McCaleb, and Robert Dixon. Justices of the Peace, — John A. Watkins, Green T, Martin, Eli F. Ross, David Short, Daniel McLauren, Elihu McCaa, Edmund Duggan, Isaac S. Gordan. Joseph Dunbar, Peter Vandike. Constables. — John Orr, Martin Suiith. JONES COUNTY. The county of Jones is bounded north by Smith and Jasper counties, east by Wayne, south by Perry, and west by Covington counties. It has an area of twenty townships or seven hundred and twenty square miles, of which one thousand nine hundred and «eventy-six acres are under cul- tivation, with a cotton crop in 1836 of one hundred and twenty-three bales. It has a white population of one thou- sand and seventeen, slaves one hundred and eight, of whom forty-nine are males, and fifty-nine females. This county is watered exclusively by the head .streams of Leaf river, (the Talla-homa, the Bogue-homo, Tallee- hallee and others) all flowing southwardly. The county seat is Ellisville, near the centre of the coun- ty. It is the only post toM'n in the county. COUNTY OFFICERS Thomas L. Mott, Sherifl'. Drewry Bynuni; Circuit Clerk, Drewry Bynnm, Probate Clerk, Thomas L. Mott, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. Duncan Thompson, Judge of Probate. Description of Kemper Covnty. 187 James H. Walters, Coroner. Gabriel C. Moffett, Ranger. Robert Wallers, Arthur Walters, George Baylis, Henry Harskin, Cornelius Shaw, Board of Police, KEMPER COUNTY The county of Kemper is bounrled by the counties of Winston and Noxubee on the north, by the state line of Alabama on the east, south by Lauderdale, and west by Neshoba counties. It has an area of twenty-one townships or seven hundred and fifty-six square miles, of which ten thousand five- hundred and thirteen acres are under culti- vation, with a cotton crop in 1836, of one thousand seven hundred and sixty-two bales. Its white population is three thousand three hundred and eighty, slaves two thousand one hundred and thirty-three, of v\^hom one thousand and three are males and one thousand one hundred and thirty females. Tlie streams that waler this county, the tributaries to the TombiiTbee. flow principally to the southeast into Alaba- ma. The Wahaloc. creek is an exception, flowing- north- wardly into Noxubee creek. The co\uUy seal is De Kalb, situated near the centre of the county, one hundred and sixty-nine miles due north from the Gulf of Mexico, in latitude thirty-two degrees forty-six minutes north, and lontritude, eleven decrees thir- ty-six minutes west from Washington citv. The barge na- vigation on the Tombiii1»ee readies to vvithin twenty miles of De Kalb. Narkeeta is twelve miles below De Kalb, and has a white population of eighty-four. Wahaloc is on the creek of that name in the northeastern jjart of the county^ fifteen miles from De Kalb. The post-towns in this county are De Kalb, Angus, Fol- .-•om, Narkeeta, Pleasant Spring, Schoober and Wahaloc. COUNTY OFFICERS. Lavt'rence W. Pennington, Sherifl'. Lewis Stovall, Clerk of Circuit Court. Benjamin C. Oppelt, Judge of Probate. William G. Gill, Clerk of Probate Court. C- R. McKaskill, Assessor and Collector of Taxes 14 158 Desf-cription of Leake Connhj. Silas Manor, Ranger. Mathew Newton, Coroner. William B. .Jay, County Treasurer. David Henderson, Surveyor. Board of Police. — John Rhodes, Mathew Jackson, John F. Anlds, Washington McDaniel, Solomon Lanham. .Justices of the Peace. — James W-. Jones, Rivers, Daniel Ship, Presly I'loyd, Alsa Pace, Spear.s, Benjamin C. Oppelt, Washington A. Cook. Constables, — Andrew Jester, Hezekiah Chepman, Wil- liam Killin. LEAKE COUNTY. The county of Leake is bounded on the north by Attala, on the east by Neshoba, on the .south by Scott, and on the west by Madison. This county has an area of five hun- dred and seventy-six square miles, of which three thousand one hundred and eleven acres only were under cultivation in 1836, M'ith a cotton crop of thirteen bales. The number of free whites in the county, in 1837, was one thousand one hundred and thirty-six; slaves iive liundred and thirty-one, of whom three hmidred and twenty-six were males and two hundred and tifteen females. There is a large propor- tion of bottom or swamp lands in this county, which is, by some considered to be the centre of the cotton region. Pearl river flows nearly tlirough the middle of its territo- rial limits, and receives the waters of the Tuscalamela, Yockamookan}', Lobutchy, Standing Pine, and several smaller creeks. Those who ore best acquainted with Pearl river say that it is a better stream tor navigation from Jack- son even to the forks in the county of Neshoba than it is below that point. The county is an exact square and con- tains sixteen townships or five hundred and seventy-six square miles. Carthage, the county seat, is an incorpo- rated town, two miles north of Pearl river, and is located on section one, township ten north, range seventy east, and is improving. This is also a stock-raising as weW as agri- cultural county. Besides Carthage, there are post offices at Centre Grove, Harpersville, Haysville and Thomastown. COUNTY OFFICERS Uriah Bobbett, Circuit Clerk. Stephen Loyd, Sheritl'. Jackson Warner, Judge of Probate. Thomas Myer'^, Probate Clerk. Description of Lcicndes County. 159 Thomas Battle, Coroner. Solomon T. Williams, Ranger. William B. Williams, Surveyor, John Anders, Asse^;sor and Collector. Richard H. Walker, Henry Harper, Febron Freeney, John Roberson, Lucas Vanansdalc. Board of Police. James W. Dickson, Robert E. Holford, Morris Black- well, Reuben Due, Joseph Anchott, Samuel S. Josliii, Jus- tices of the Peace. Levi B. truct a bridge over the Tombigbee al Colundjus, and to connect Vieksburg with Columbus l)y a Rail-Road; thus laying the Father of Waters under contribution to the pleasures and emohunents of the inhabitants of Lowndes. Some stragghng settlements were made in Lowndes as early as 1817. Tiu> first court m as jicld in Columbus in 1830. The country between th»! Tombigbee and the Black Warrior was a "Neutral" Ground," between the Choctaws :tx\d Creeks. Few traces remain of its former possessors, ♦ xcept certain mounds in the southern part of the county. By whom, and for what ])urpose they were thrown up, is unknown. Probably by a people who inhabited the coun- try before the present race of Indians. The Choctaws have a tradition that tlieir Fathers emigrated westwardly lill they came to tliis the goodliest land they liad ever seen; that being determined to possess it they waged desperate war with the occupant tribe; and at last in a dreadful battle defeated and exterminated them, glutting their tomahawks Description of Lowndes County. 161 with slaughter. Tlic Oktibbeha or "Fighting Water," was the boundary between the Choctaws and Chickasaws, and its banks were often tlie scene of fierce and deadly- conflicts, indeed, every hill, every dale, every stream, has a story of ihrilliiig interest — but alas! we read it not. All the wild and wonderful history of tliis region is shroud- ed by the pall of ages. In vain does imagination on airy wing explore the gloom profound. For nearly six tliousand vears tlic sun has risen and se! upon this land; here flowers have bloomed and faded: forests towered and fallen; sum- mer and winter, sj)ring and nuiumu reigned in all their love- liness and sublimity. 8ix thousand years these beautiful streams have wandered ajuid flowers and foliage, by lofty upland, and by wiiuliug vale, and prairie wild, unseen per- haps, by mortal eye; perhaps the residence of powerful na- tions. We scan but a little part of the mighty past. We know, indeed, that for many a year through these groves, "the stoic of the woods — the man without a tear," pursued tlie deer from nioDi till evening; on these streams propelled the liglit canoe: here coimnemorated tlic exploits of the chase or returning from successful war celebrated the feast, the song, the dance: here suspended the scalps of r^laugh- ^tered foes; here lighted the funeral pyre of captive Avarri- "^ ors, and "grinned horribly a gliastly smile," at their ex- piring agonies. The white man came, and the Indian vn- nished as a sullen Ihuuder-cloud before tlie rising sun. lie is gone from the stream, the wood, and the prairie; his do- main has passed into other hands, and the graves of his Fatliers alone remains to tell his tale. Columbus, the seat of Justice for Lowndes county, Mis- sissippi, is pleasantly situated on the east bank of the Tora- bigbee, in north latitude WSK degrees, and 150 miles north- east of Jackson. It is regularly laid out upon an elevated plain — the streets crossitig each other tit right angles, and is a beautiful and flourishing j)lace. Within a few years;, in consequence of sale of the adjncmt Indian lands, and the great cmioration to the surrovmding country, it has advanced r.'^pidly in population and uealtli. tit contains about three thousiuid live hundred inhabi- tants, three incorporated banks and several not incorporat- ed, twenty dry goods stores, three drug stores, three cloth- ing stores, two jewellers' shojis, two hotels, a public bath- house, a cotton-u;in manufactory, t;yo livery stables, two large ware-houses, :i steam sav, and grist mill, and several bakeries and provision store,;] Columbus also has four pub- 102 Description of Lowndes County. lie wells — no fire engine — a Market-house, a Court-house, Masonic-hall, three Churches, belonging respectively to the Methodist, Presbyterian and Episcopalian denomina- tions, a land office, two printing offices, from which issue tAVO newspapers weekly, a hirge book-store and the bank- ing-house of the Planters' bank. The various mechanical trades and the learned profes- sions are numerously and ably represented in Columbus, and two finely equipped military companies, Avith their ex- cellent band of music, enliven the "dull and piping times of peace." The town being built upon the sixteenth section, the in- come arising from the lease of the lots, amounting to seven thousand dollars annually, is appropriated to the support of Franklin Male Academy, and Franklin Female Academy. Two large and elegant buildings have been erected upon the Academy square for the accommodation of these insti- tutions. The Male Academy numbers 150 students, Robert Bruce Wilier, principal; tSewell Norris and S. V, Hubbard, assistants. The Female Academy numbers one hundred students, S. C. Swift, principal, Miss Burnet, assistant. A handsome apparatus is attached to these seminaries, and measures will speedily be taken to procure a valuable libra- ry. Tuition is free to all the children a ad youth of the township. The Mississippi Female College is located in this town. It has about sixty students, and is justly regarded as an or- nament to Columbus. The spacious and splendid College building occupies a secluded and romantic eminence. A large number of boarders can be accommodated at the ."ollege in the family of the president. Abram Macr presi- dent. Miss Dunning and Miss Lester, professors. There are five religious denominations in Columbus; the Ilev. Mr. Sawyer is pastor of the Methodist church; the Rev. Mr. Forbes of the Episcopal; the Rev. Mr. Reed of the Presbyterian; the Rev. Mr. Walthall of the Baptist; and the Rev, Mr. Shook of the Cumberland Presbyterian rhrirch. The various benevolent institutions of tlie day art- sustained here. There are three Sabbath schools; three Ladies' sewing societies, a Bible society, a Foreign Mis- sion, and a Temperance society, which meets monthly to hear addresses and receive members. The Tombigbce is navigable lo Columbus, and indeed much higher, for steamboats six months in the year; and during that period is the scene of active trade. Many boats Description of Lauderdale County. 163 are owned wholly, or in part, in this place. The Colum- bus is one of the most beautiful boats upon the southern waters. A company has been eharlered to build a bridt^e over the Tombigbee at Columbus, and to construct a Rail- Road to connect Columbus and Vicksburg. The police of the place consists of a Mayor and Com- mon Council. The healthiness of this situation is now es- tablished. Excellent water abounds. There are many beautiful building sites on the pine ridge north and east of town, of which its inhabitants are rapidly availing them- selves. Situated upon a navigable stream; in a healthy, well-watered and fertile country; with a propitious clime; upon the great highway from the north and east, to the soutli and west; possessing a moral, intelligent, wealthy and enterprising population, an.d enjoying literary and reli- gious privileges unsurpassed, if not unequalled by any town in the south-west, Columbus promises not to be least among the fair cities which are springing up, as if by ma- gic, in the late western wild. (Columbus is in the 10th section of ISth township, range 18 west.) COUNTY OFFICERS. Ovid p. Brown, Clerk of the Circuit Court- R. D. Haden, Clerk of the Probate Court. Thomas Sampson, .ludge of the Probate Court. John W. Bryan, Sheriff. John IN. Mullen, County Treasurer. S. G. Wells, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. W. E. Willis, Surveyor. Samuel Davis, Coroner. .F. A. Cummings Ranger. Board of Police — S. Vaughan, N. E. Wright. R. Hodg- es, J. B. Fields A. T. Morse. LAUDERDALE COUNTY The county of Lauderdale is bounded north by Kemper county, east by Sumpter county in the state of Alabama, south by Clarke, and west by Newton counties. It has an area of nearly twenty townships or seven hundred and twenty square miles, of which three thousand four hun- dred and twenty tive acres are under cultivation with a cotton crop of one hundred and twenty -eight bales. The white population is one tliousand eight lumdred iuid ninety-nine, slaves live hundred and forty-four, of whom two hundred ^64 Description of Lauderdale County. forty-nine were males and two hundred and ninety-five fe- males. The surface of Lauderdale is generally undulating, intersected by numerous creeks, on the borders of which there are large bodies of fmc land. It is considered the best county in the Fifth Judicial Dis- trict of the state; on the high lands the principal growth is pine, mixed with oak, hickory, &.C. The borders of the creeks are covered with cane. It is remarkably well situated to j>usturage, as the woodsi are open, with very little vmdergrowth. and extensive reed brakes among tlie hills. This county is rapidh' filling up v/ith settlers, mostly from Alabama. Lauderdale is almost exclusively watered by the head branches of the Chickasawha, wliich flow from the north to south through the county. The largest creek is called the Oaktibbeha which rises in Noxubee county, on the north-\vest, running southeasterly, receiving many smaller branches, until, by uniting with the Chunkcy, it acquires the name of Chickasawhu; to render which navigable ma- ny efforts arc now making. Most of the streams on the western side of the county empty into the Oaktibbehaw, or the Clumkey. The principal creek emptying into the former is the Sirrashi;e. Those emptying into Chunkey, are Tallasiiee, Tallahattee, Oakahatlec and Oaklehy. The principal creek on the east is Ponty, which receives many smaller branches, as Opossum creek, ^fr'=- — Court house, jail, one church and one female academy. Banks. — Branch of the Commercial Bank of Natchez, capital six hundred thousand dollars; Citizens Bank of Madison county, capital one mil- lion of dollars; two hotels, ten dry goods stores, one drug- gist store, three groceries, one bakery, one tin shop, three tailor shops, two watchmaker shops, sixteen attorneys and six physicians. The town of Canton is incorporated: 15 J 70 Description of Madison County. Tooker S. i?Jalmon, President of the Board of Selectmen. Selectmen. Thomas J. Catching, John T. Camron, R. M. Cox, Charles J. Scarles, Town Treasurer John T. Dearing, James Priestly. Richland is a small town sitnatod eleven miles from Jackson, Mississippi. It has about twenty-live white in- bitants, a Methodist Episcopal cliurch, in which a school is taught, and two public houses. Madisonville is eight and a half miles from Richland, and Livingston fourteen. Of Vernon and other tov.ns in this county we have not data to furnish a good account. Oak timber prevails throughout this county. Artificial Curiosities. — Indian Mounds are found in many portions of the county; some of which upon being opened are found to contain human bones and teeth — these latter being in so perfect a state of preservation as to an- swer the purpose of dentistry. Sulphur Springs, said to be equal in every respect to the "Mississippi Springs," are found in the neighborhood of Livingston. There is also in the town of Canton a well Avhich furnishes sulphur Avaler of a very superior quality; and it is to the free use of this water during the hot season that the almost entire exemption from fever in that town is mainly attributed. Rivers.— The Big Black forms the northeast and south- we^ern boundary of the county, for the distance of seven- ty miles, and is navigable for steam boats of light draught as high as Warsaw, and for keel boats to Ways' Blvift". On account of the obstructions which exist in its channel how- ever, the navigation is confined almost entirely te keel boats. This river is susceptible of very great improve- ments at a moderate expense. Pearl river forms the south- eastern boundary of the county, for the distance of twenty- five miles. Steam boats have ascended as high as Madi- sonville. Both these rivers present a uniform appearance, being sluggish, dark colored and winding; obstructed at low water by sand bai's and drift wood. Geological Curiosities. — Upon digging to the depth of thirty feet in almost every part of the county, a bed of marine shell is found, which continues to the greatest depth Description of Marshall County i 171 to which wells have ever been dug in the county. Under this head may also be mentioned an immense bed of Ume- stone in the southern part of the county, which upon be- ing cut or polished presents the impressions of every va- riety of marine shells. COUJNTY OFFICERS, Thomas Shackelford, Judge of Probate. Samuel D. Livingston, Circuit Clerk. John T. Cameron, Clerk of Probate. Samuel Flournoy, Sheriff. John J. Henry, Assessor and Collector of Ta±cs. Orlando F. Pack, County Treasurer. William Joiner, Coroner. E. D. Cash, County Auctioneer. Thomas H. Gillespie, Surveyor. George W. King, Ranger. Board of Police. — Johnson Siherburg, Eli Nichols, David Ford, Joseph J. Pugh, John Alsworth. MARSHALL COUNTY. The county of ?»Iarshall is bounded north by the state line which separates it from Tennessee, cast by the coun- ty of Tippah, south by Lafayette, and west by De Soto counties. It has an area of about twenty-three townships, or eight hundred and twenty-eight square miles, of which twenty-four thousand six hundred and twenty-six acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop in eighteen hundi-ed and thirty-six, of fifteen hundred and fifty-six bales. Its free white population in eighteen hundred and thirty-s#ven was eighty-tAvo hundred and seventy-four, slaves fifty-two hundred and twenty-four, of whom twenty-six hundred and sixty-three were males, and twenty-five hundred and sixty- one females. This county is watered by the head streams of the Tal- lahatchie, thc'Coldwater, the Biahela, Red Bank and Pi- feon Roost creeks, all (lowing west and uorthAvardly. — 'he other streams are Chualley, Oaktewalley and Tippah. There is not a navigable stream in the county. The county of Alarshall bears the name in honor of the late Chief Justice of the United States, and is, in its rapid settlement, a very striking instance of the celerity with which a populous and wealthy county can be created at the bidding of enterprise and industry. The soil is a dark It2 Descriptibn of Marshall County. and sandy upland, interspersed with extensive hickory valleys of the niost fertile soil in the state. The election prccincls, twelve in number, are at Holly Springs, Chulahoma, Hudsonville, Mount Pleasant, Lamar, Tallaloosa, Waterford, Van Burcn Mills. Harington's, Farmington. Red Banks and Bakers. The post towns arc Holly Springs, Chulahoma, Hud- conville, Waterford. North Mount Pleasant. The county .scat is Holly Springs, distant from Jackson, the capital of the state, two hundred and fifty miles. It is situated a little cast of the centre of the county. Its name is not that of a Watering Place, as some might suppose, but of a town containing more than three thousand inhabi- tants. It is fifty miles southeast of Memphis, twenty-five miles south of IjUirranore, Tcnn. and about one hundred miles north west of Columbus, Miss. Thy corporate li- mits comprise one square mile, but more than one-third of the population live without these limits. The site is beau- tiful — the soil is ricli — the water is pure and abundant, more than thirty springs of free stone water being in the town. Those, and that beautiful evergreen, the Holly, growing along their branches, gave the place its name. In June, eighteen Imndred and thirly-six, this spot was designated as the site of the public buildings of the county of Marshall. There were then but a few log cabins upon it. Its gi'owth has been almost unexam])led. The tide of emigration has set in from all quarters, and continues to How. Its public edifices now are an elegant court house nearly completed, four churches, a Methodist, a Presbyte- rian, a Baptist, and a Campbcllite Baptist, two academies, the male academy, with sixty scholars, under the superin- tendence of the Rev. C. Parish, and the lemale academy under the superintendence of Mr. T. Johnson, Mrs. Baker and Miss Fletcher. The male academy is a brick edifice, two stories high, and can acconnnodate one hundred and twenty scholars. It stands on a twenty acre lot, adjacent to the town, having the native growth of the forest upon it, and several springs of water. A college edifice is now under contract. Subscriptions sufficient to justify the erection of buildings, and the em- ployment of professors, have already been made; and the trustees have amaorised the building of rooms to accom- modate fifty or sixty students, and determined to arrange the college classes as soon as possible. • Description of Marion County. 173 I i The number of hotels in Holly Springs are three, dry g6ods stores twenty, drug stores two.! Of the other towns in the county Mount Pleasant is near the northern line of the county; northwest fi:*om Holly Springs, Hudsonville about seven miles north, and Chulahoma about ten miles southwest. COUNTY OFFICERS. William H. Bourland, Clerk of Probate. James C. Alderson, Clerk of the Circuit Court. Thomas Lane, Judge of Probate. M. J. Blackwell, Surveyor. Frederick Wells, Assessor and Collector of Tax?3. Thomas J. Oliver, County Treasurer. Benjamin Daluron, Coroner. T. McCrosky, Sheriff. G. W. Graham, Ranger. Board of Police. — Dickson Rogers, Henry White, Wil- liam Hicks, W. C Ednumd.son, E. H. Patts. Justices of tlie Peace. — John Roaks, T. L. Treadwel], D. E. Brittonum, Henrv Moore, Milton P. Johnson, Geo. W. Wry, T. M. Yancy, J. C. Randolph, J. B. Cockran, Robert Carson. Constables. — John J. Planes, James Rhodes, Sillmane Weaver, John M. IMalone, Lewis Johnston. MARION COUNTY. The county ut' Marion is bounded north by the counties of Lawrence and Covington, cast by Perry, south by Han- cock county and the slate line of Louisiana, and west bv Pike county. It contains an area of tlurty-four townships, or twelve hundred and twenty-four square miles, of which thirteen thousand eight lumdred and ninetj'-four acres arc under cultivation, having produced a cotton crop in eigh- teen hundred and thirty-six. of two thousand and thirty- seven bales. The white free population is nineteen hun- dred and forty, slaves fifteen hundred and fifty-four, of whom seven hundred and seventy-rive arc males, and .se\ eu hundred and s»ycnty-ninc fcmalos. This county is watered by the Pearl river, which enters at its northwest corner, and runs soulhcastwardly through the county, leaving it at nearly the centre of its southern boundary. Columbia is ihe county seat, situated on the east bank of the Pearl, r;tther to the west of the geogra- phical centre of the count v- There is a post office in this 15* 1.74 Description of Monroe County. town as also another in Fordsville, in the south part of the county. COUNTY OFFICERS. Ebenezer Ford, Probate Judge. Rodolphus Willoughby, Clerk of the Circuit Court. Rodolphus Willoughby, Clerk of the Probate Court, John W. Ford, Hhcrill'. William C All'ord, Coroner. James Temples, Ranger. William Graham, County Treasurer. David Summers, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. Fredrick Greenleaf, Surveyor. Board of Police. — Benjamin Heamans, Martin Lewis, Samuel Lewis, James B. McLelland, William Yarborough. MONROE COUNTY. The county of Monroe is one of the frontier counties of the .state on its eastern side. It is bounded north by the county of Itawamba, east by the state of Alabama, south by Lowndes and Oktibbeha counties, and west by Chickasaw county. It lias an area of about twenty-three townships, or eight hundred and lwcnt\ -eight square miles, of which twenty-one thousand four hundred and eighty-five acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop in eighteen hun- dred and thirty-six, of twenty-five hundred and eighty-nine bales. The population is forty-one liundred and sixty-five free whites, slaves twenty-tliree hundred and twenty-eight, of Avhom eleven hundred and seventy-three are males, and eleven hundred and fifty-five females. The county of ^lonroe is watered by the Tombigbee and the Twenty Mile, the Tallabinncla, the Weavers and Battahatchie creeks, all (lowing southAvardly, and uniting witli the Tombigbee within the limits of the county. The county seat is Athens, situated centrally, one hun- dred and seventy miles from Jackson, tlic capital of the 3tatc. It has a court house, jail, three hotels, and six store*, The oilier principal towns are Cotton Gin Port, eight miles northwest of Athens, on the Tombigbee, and Aber- deen, on the same, about five miles southwest of Athens. The post towns of Monroe county are Athens, .\berdeen. Cotton Gin Port, Hamilton, Wall's Tanyard, and Q-uin- cey. Description of J^tshoha. County. 175 COUNTY OFFICERS R. C. Barby, Sherifl". S. H. Buckingham, Clerk of the Circuit Court. Richard Dilworth, Judge of Probate. Davis H. Morgan, Clerk of Probate. George L. McFall, Coroner. George H. Lackey, Assessor and Collector of Taxei. James McKinley, Ranger. Charles M. Weaver, County Treasurer. Walton H. Vaughan, Surveyor. Board of Police. — John Ederington, Reuben Y. Ruu- nells, Boling C. Burnett, C. H. Robinson, Thomas J. Ford. NESHOBA COUNTY. The county of Neshoba is bounded on the north by Win- ston, on the east by Kemper, on the .south by Newton, and on the west by Leake counties. It contains sixteen town- ships, or an area of five hundred seventy-six square miles, of which one thousand six hundred andthirtynine acres are cul- tivated with a cotton crop, in 183t}, of sixty-six bales. It has awhite population of six hundred and thirty-eight; slaves, three hundred and thirteen, of whom one hundred fifty-four are males, and one hundred fifty-nine females. The county is laid off in a square, across the upper part of which runs the eastern branches of the Pearl river. Pearl river is formed in this county by the junctiou of the Bogue Chitto and Nonawayou — many parts of the county are extremely beautiful and the land generally good. There are several varieties of soils, and it is generally believed to contain more lime than the adjacent counties, north and west of it. It lies on a parallel of latitude with Leake and Madison and con.sequently has all tlieir advantages as a cotton region. There are many excellent springs and streams of water in ♦he county, but in some sections tliey are liable to fail. — This county has yet within its borders a gre.it many Indi- an families who are rather degenerating than improving — among the white population are very many highly respec- table families who have emigrated from the older states and other parts of this state. This county is also an excellent stock raising country, and offers greater advantages to the poorer classes of emigrants. The county seat, Philadelphia, is situated on one of the most picturesque town sites in the state. It is watered by excellent springs. It stands about 176 Description 0/ Newton County. four miles south of the Pearl, and is a post town. The other post offices in the county are, Dixon, Herbert and Union. COUNTY OFFICERS. Aaron Savill, Sheriti'. J. T. Tannahill, Coroner. Samuel Wilson, Judge of Probate. H. W. Walsh, Clerk" of Circuit Court. William R. Barnes. Clerk of Probate Court. Jesse Clemmcnts, County Treasurer. Charles W. Cranch, Surveyor. Warner Lewis, Ranger. Hugh McDonald, Assessor and Collector of -Taxes. John Morris, Justice of the Peace. Daniel McPhail, Constable. Temple Tullous, James Wilson, B. W. Baydston, Tho- mas Ellington, Joseph Atkins, Board of Police. NEWTON COUNTY. The county of Newton is bounded north by Neshoba, cast by Lauderdale, south by Jasper, and west by Scott. It has an area of sixteen townships or six hundred and se- venty-six square miles, of which two thousand seven hun- dred and six acres arc under improvement, with a cotton crop, in eighteen and thirty-six, of seventy-six bales. The free white population is one thousand five hundred and six, slaves four hundred and twenty-six, of whom two hundred and seventeen are males, and two hundred and nine females, Vose says of this county, tliat it "is very healthy, eleva- ted from three to five hundred feet above the Gulf of Mexi- co, with Chrystal fountains and pclncid rivulets." This county is watered by thcTakisha creek which runs from the nortlieast corner, and empties into the Chunkey in Neshoba. The Okahatta, literally white water, is another branch of the Chunkey: south of it is Lapontie creek, flow- ing to the southeast to join the Chickasawlia. The names of other creeks in t])is county, are: KuunomiksJio, Poshoc- shoba. Potoxchitto, the Hahna, the Tala, and tlie Filamic. The Talahalie heads seven miles north of the southern boundary of Newton, and runs southwardly into Jasper. — The Tuscalameta heads in tlie sontluvest corner of this county, and runs northwesterly into the Pearl. Decatur, near the centre, is the county scat. It is twen- ty-four miles north of Paulding; eighty miles east-north- castwardly of Gallatin; eighty south-south-westwardly of Description of Noxubee County, \11 Columbus, aPxd one hundred and twenty-six miles due south of Pontotoc. The post towns in the county arc, Decatur, Nanahoma and Pinckney. COUNTY OFFICERS. N. Bright, tiherifl'. Georjjc W. Parris, Judge of Probate. William Grcj^g, Clerk of the Circuit Court. George Armslrong^, Clerk of Probate. Mercer M. Booker, Surveyor. Thomas P. Kidwine, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. Thomas Mauhlon, County Treasurer. Jcssey Henry. Coroner. Dudly H. Thompson, Ranger. Board of Police. — Thomas.!. Runnels, Freeman Jones. Benjamin Briglil, Roling Williams, Josfuia Tatum. NOXUBEE COUNTY. The county of Noxubee is bounded north by the coun- ties of Oktibbeha and Lowndes, east by the state line of Alabama, south by Kemper and west by Winston counties. It has an area of nineteen townships or six hundred eighty- four square miles, of which twenty-eight thousand seven hundred and twenty-nine are under cultivation with a cotton crop, in eighteen hundred and thirty-six, of six thousand eight hundred and se\ entysix bales. The free white popula- tion is three thousand one hundred and eighty-two, slaves four thousand three hundred and thirty-eight, of whom two thousand two hundred and sixty-two are males, and two thousand one hundred and seventy-six females. The coun- ty polls six hundred and fifty votes. This county is watered almost exclusively by the Noxu- bee river and its tributaries, which flow through the whole extent of the county from northwest to southeast. In the northern and eastern part of the county there are exten- sive prairies of a beautiful deep and black soil and very fertile, interspersed with large groups of post oak and hickory. In the northwestern part of the county, the Sands are fmely tunbered with oak and hickory, although somewhat broken and sandy. The prairies are plentifully supplied with lime-rock water. Noxubee was originally a part of Lowndes, and was not given civil and criminal jurisdiction until eighteen hun- dred and thirty-three, when its first court was held in the Its Description of Oktibbeha County. house of Joseph H, Frith, where the seat of county gov- ernment now is. The Noxubee river is a navigable stream, plentifully sup- plied with creeks on either side of the main stream. It is remarkably crooked, as if ambitious to run by every plan- ter's door in the county. The county scat is Macon, on the northern bank of the Noxubee, in latitude thirty-three degrees six minutes north, and longitude eleven degrees thirty minutes west from Washington city. It is situated very pleasantly, in a beau- tiful level valley, at the head of navigation on the river, anescription of Tallahatchie County. 2(^ and Washington, and west by Bolivar and Coahoma coun- ties. It has an area of twenty-five townships or nine hun- dred square miles, of which eleven thousand seven hun- dred and eighty acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop of two thousand five hundred and twenty-nine bales. The free while population is one thou.sand three hundred and twenty-two, slaves one thousiiud five hundred and twenty-two, of wliom seven hundred and eighty are males and seven hundred and forty-two females. About half of this county consists of swamps or lands subject to inundation, and by far the greater part is alluvian formed by the creative power of the Mississippi. There are two rivers. The Yalabusha in the southern part of the coimty, running in a direction a little south of west. The stream is too small to admit of navigation by steamboats except in time of high water. The Tallahat- chie river running through the county, very near its centre in a direction a little Avest of south, is a haTidsome stream large enough to admit of steamboat navigation for about six months in the year. There is at this time a difficulty in approaching it in consequence of a swamp extending many miles both up and down it, which is intended to be obviated by a turnpike or rail road leading to it, from the town of Charleston. The Tillatoba, is one of the principal creeks, running through the county in a direction a little south of west, near the middle of the county. There are three branches, called the North, Middle and South prong.s. The county seat is Charleston, situated near Tillatoba, the former county seat. Besides Charleston, there are two other towns in the county. Chocchuma is situated in the southern part, immediate- ly on the Yalabusha river. The land office for this land district is at this town. Tuscahoma is situated about three miles distant from Chocchuma, which is also on the Yala- busha river above Chocchuma. The population of each is inconsiderable. There are post offices at Chocchuma, Tillatoba and Tus- cahoma. The election precints arc at Tillatoba, Marsh's, McDa, nlel's, Ross' and Tusoahoma. COUNTY OFFiCEftS -«=-=^ WiiklJiS^ County Treasurer. 204 Description of Tishemingi) County, Phillips, Clerk of the Circuit Court. Jenkins, Judge of Probate. Goodwin, Sheriff. — — Bacon, Ranger. Sutton, Coroner. Kendrick, Surveyor. Brown, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. Wiljmore, Clerk of Probate Court. Board of Police. Campbell, Staten, Davis, Slate, Thrasher. Justices of the Pence. — John H. McRae, Lawhon, J. L. Watkins, Peter B. McDaniel. TISHEMINGO COUNTY. The county of Tishemingo, the northeasternmost coun- ty in the state, is bounded north by the Tennessee state line, northeast by the Tennessee river, east by the Alaba- ma state line, south by Itawamba, and west by Tippah counties. It has an area of thirty townships or one thou- sand and eighty square miles, of which two thousand seven hundred and one acres are under cultivation. The free white population is two thousand four hundred and sixty- eight, slaves one hundred and eighty-one, of whom eighty- nine are males and ninety-two females. This county is watered on its northeastern boundary, for about eighteen miles, by the Tennessee river. The Tus- cumbia river, a branch of the Hatchie, rises in this ccunty, and runs northwestwardly into the state of Tennessee. — Yellow creek, heading near the sources of the Tuscumbia in the centre of the county, flows northeastwardly into the Tennessee river. The sources of the Tombigbee, in nu- merous branches, rise near the centre of the county and flows soutliwardly. Bear creek also heads in this county, running northwardly near its eastern boundary line, and flows into the Tennessee river. The highest land in the state is found in this county. — Bull mountain, near the centre of the county, and the source of all the streams that flow in various directions, is computed to be more than eight hundred feet above the le- vel of the Gulf of Mexico. The county seat is Jacinto, situated centrally on the head waters of the Tombigbee. Another town on the Tuscum- bia creek, about six miles west of Jacinto, is Rienzi. Description of Wayne County. 205 There are post offices in this county at Farmington, Mitchell's Store and Jacinto. COUNTY OFFICERS, Stephen S, Mogirll, SherilT. William Cow en, Coroner. William Rushing, County Treasurer. Stephen O. Gilbis, Assessor and Collector of Taxefe. Jeremiah Phillips, County Surveyor. Thomas Pate. Clerk of the Probate Court. Mathias B. Click. Clerk of the Circuit Court. C p. Ray, Judge of the Probate Court. Board of Police — James Harris, L. B. Esteem, W. Bel- cher, John C. Cartar, David Ross. Jeh« D. Moore, Ranger. Magistrates. — Samuel Dancer, Benjamin Ballad, B. M. Cobb, A. J. Aldride, Mathew Gage, T. B. Phillips, Jacob Walker, G. B. Rogers, John Ritcherson, John H. Alstote, William B. Owens, Thomas Walker, John Kennerdy. WAYNE COUNTY. The county of Wnvne is bounded north by Clarke coun- ty, east by the Alabama state line, south by Greene and Perry counties, and west by Jones county. It has an area of twenty-one townships, or seven hundred and lifty-six square miles, of which sixty-two hundred and twenty-four acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop of six hun- dred and forty ])alcs. It has a free white population of nine hundred and ninety-three, slaves eight hundred and tifly, efw-hom four hundred and sixteen are males, and four hundred and thirty-four females. The two rivers which w^atcr this county are the Chicka- sawha and the Buckatany, flowing nearly parallel from north to south, east of the centre of the county, and uni- ting in the southeast corner about nine miles below Win- chester. Thompson's creek flows from north to south, through the western part of tiie county, and falls into the Leaf river in the adjoining county. Big creek is a tributa- ry of the Chickasawha, rising in the centre of Wayne, and falling into its principal at the southeast corner. The soil of this county is generally sandy, except in the northern part and on the rivers and creeks. The northern part abounds with prairies which are good land, and tim- bered with post oak and hickory. White oak is found ia abundance in the river bottoms. SOfi Description of. Wayne County. Winchester, the county seat, is situated on the eastern side of Chickas?v\vha river, southeastwardly of the centre of the county. Winchester is built on a beautiful plain, one hundred and iiirly-lhree miles from Jackson, and eighty-four from Mobile in Alabama. It has a court house, and jail, but no colleges or academies. It has a free white population of forty-eight, two hotels, two stores, and one English common school. ! The tri-weekly mail, from Co- lumbus to Mobile, passes through Winchester. The election precincts are at Winchester, Aningtou's and Russell's. The post offices are at Winchester and at Miltonville. There is in this county a cane, difficult of access, but of vast extent, which has been penetrated several hundreds of yards, and found to contain the most beautiful specimens of petrifaction, reminding one of the descriptions 'of the grotto of Antiparos. Old Indian mounds or forts are found in various places. On the plantation of the Rev. Asa Chadic, near Euculta creek, are to be foinid two mounds which would seem to possess great interest, if the iron tongue of antiquity could be loosened to reveal the strange transactions that gave them origin. They stand like opposing fortresses about two hundred yards apart, with huge trees growing on their summits. As both the mounds are full of human bones, apparently deposited at the same time, it has been conjec- tured that this Avas the scene of a mighty battle in which thousands upon thousands were slain, and, as enemies when living, so buried apart M'hen dead. There is an incorporated company in this county, called the Chickasawha Navigation Company, for the purpose of improWng tjie navigation of that riv«r, so as to admit the passage of steam boats. Keel boats now ascend seven miles above Winchester. COUNTY OFFICERS. William H. West, Sheriff. D. C. Shaw, Judge of Probate, Sam'l J. Chapin, Clerk of the Circuit and Probate Courts. John West, Surveyor. Willis H. West, Assessor and Collector of Taxes. Rundol McDonald, County Treasurer. Lewis Hutto, Coroner. A. D. Britton, Ranger. Board of Police.— Thomas Powe, F. A. McRea, C. C. Stulman. James B, Clark, L. C. Martin. Descnptioti of Warren County. 20t WARREN COUNTY. The county of Warren, very irregular in its form, is bounded on the north by Washington comity, on the north- east by Yazoo county, on the east by the Big Black river, which divides it from Hinds county, on the south by the same river, dividing it from Claiborne county, and west by the Mississippi river. It has an area of about thirteen townships, or four hundred and eight square miles, of which forty-nine thousand seven hundred and eighteen acres are under cultivation, producing a cotton crop of twenty-five thousand one hundred and thirty-two bales. It has a free white population of iifty-two hundred and six- ty-five, slaves ninety-six hundred and eighty-six, of whom forty-eight hundred and forty-one are males, and forty- eight hundred and forty-five are females. This county, besides being watered by its three boun- dary rivers, the Mississippi, the Yazoo and the Big Black, has many of the tributaries to these streams running through it. The soil of this county, indicated by its cotton crop, is of inexhaustible richness. Vicksburg, the county seat, was projected by the Rev. Newitt Vick, in eighteen hundred and nineteen, and incor- porated as a city in eighteen hundred and twenty-five, at which time it had five hundred inhabitants. It is the se- cond city in the state in wealth and population. It is situ- ated in the northwestern part of the county, on a bend of the Mississippi, having a bold rising shore. The city is laid out in squres, by streets running north and south, and east and west. Those running north and south, commen- cing at the river, arc Mulberry, Washington, Walnut, Mon- roe, Cherry, Adams, Locust and Farmers; the intersecting streets, running east and west, nearly at right angles with the river, are, commencing at the southern limits of the city, Crawford, Clay, Chiney, Grove, Jackson, Second, East and First East. It has a white population of twenty - seven hundred and ninety-six. iThe public buildings in Vicksburg are a court house, jnil, three churches, and two banking house;;, and eight hotels. The institutions of learning in this city are excellent, and under the best regulations. The Vicksburg Female Seminary, under the superintendence of the Rev. Samuel W, vSpeer, assisted by four teachers, justly ranks among the best institutions of education of the state. The loca- tion of this seminary, a little removed from. the city, is 208 Description of Washington County. conducive to health and pleasure, while the accomplish- meuta, and scholarship of the principal, and the ladies as- sociated with him in instruction, leave nothing more to be desired in those particulars. The Male Academy is under the superintendence of the Rev. Mr. Chapman, assisted by two teachers. It is in a flourishing condition. There is also a female day school, conducted by a lady. There are in Yicksburg thirty-four physicians and forty- five lawyers. There are three printing offices in the city, two of whicli publish each a daily paper, both of which are also publish- ed in a weekly form for the country; the other a weekly paper. They are called the Vicksburg Register, the Vicks- burtr Sentinel, and the Southern Mechanic. The other more important towns are vVarrenton, situa- ted on the Mississippi river, a little south of the centre of the county, incorporated in eighteen hundred and twenty; Bovina, Newtown, Montalbin and Palmyra. The post offices in SVarren county are Bovina, Milldale, Montalbin, Mount Vernon, Vicksburg and Warrenton, COUNTY OFFICERS. James Bland, Judge of the Probate Court. E. D. Downs, Clerk of the Circuit Cmirt. E. B. Scarbroujrh, Clerk of Probate. L. S. Houghton, Clerk of the Criminal Court. E. W. Morri.s, SheritV. J. G. Berry, County Surveyor. Henry Fernandis, Collector of Taxes. J. W. Willianjs, Assessor of Taxes. William Everett, County Trea.surer. Joseph Sleplienson, Ranger. Oeorge B. Williams, Coroner. Board of Police — E. G. Cook, Jesse Evans, William H. Sparke, Garner Parks, and Benjamin Springer. WASHINGTON COUNTY, The county of Washington is the largest in the state, lying in a triangular form on tlie Mississippi. It i.i bound- ed northeast by the old Choctaw boundary, which divides it from Bolivar county, southeast by the Yazoo river, which divides it from Yazoo and Warren counties, and west by the Mississippi river. It has an area of sixty-eight town- ships, or a territory of twenty-five hundred and forty-eight square miles, of which twenty-six thousand one hundred Description of Wilkinson County. 209 and thirty acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop of thirteen thousand six hundred and five bales. Its tree white population is seven lunidred and seventy-five, slavei; fifty-eight hundred and two, of whom twenty-nine hundred and eighty are males, and twenty-eight hundred and twen- iwo tre females. This county is watered on two sides of the triangle bj" its boundary rivers, and by the Sunflower river, flowing through its centre, from north to south. It has a number of lakes of considerable magnitude, among which may be mentioned, Lakes Bolivar, Swan and Washington. This is an alluvial county with great depth of soil, but suffers under a liability to inundation. Princeton, the cliief town and county seat is situated centrally on the western boundary of the county, on the Mississippi, and has the usual public buildings for county business, besides a bank. The post ofliceu of this rmmtv are at Princeton and Bo- livar. COUNTY 0FFICERJ>. William H. Hammet, .Judge of Probate. T. W. Endecott, Clerk of the Circuit and Probate Courts, Wm. F.Jeffories, Sherifi'and Assessor and Collector of Taxes. F. G. Turnbvdl, County Treasurer. C. Turnbull, Coroner. Saunders, Ranger. Castleman, Surveyor. Board of Police. — A. Knox, J. Turnbull, J. Y. Daster, F. G. Turnbull, Wm. Hunt. WILKINSON COUNTY. The county of Wilkinson, the southwestern county in the state, is bounded north by Adams and Franklin coun- ties, east by Amite, south by the state line of Louisiana, and west by the Mississippi river. It has an area of about twenty townships or seven hundred and twenty square miles, of which fifty-seven thousand nine hundred and seventy-two acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop of thirty thousand five Inmdred and seventy-nine bales. — The free white population of this county is three thousand two hundred and seventy-two ; slaves nine thousand five hundred and ninetv-four ; of whom four thousand seven 16 210 Description of Wilkinson County. hundred and six are males, and four tliousand eight hun- dred and eighty-eight females. This rich and prosperous co\inly is abundantly watered by the Homochitto, which is its northern boundary, sepa- rating it from Adams and Franklin, by the Buffalo creek, which rises in the eastern part of the county, flowing cen- trally through to tlie west, and by the head branches of the Bayou Sara, which rise in the county and flow south- ward. The following are the Post Oflfices of Wilkinson coun- ty : Fort Adams, Kellertown, Mount Pleasant, Pinckney- ville, Rose Hill, Whitesvillo, Woodvillc and Cold Spring. There are eight election precincts : Woodville, Mount Pleasant, Whitesville, Pinckneyville, Fort Adams, Percy's Creek, Lower Homochitto and Upper Homochitto. The county seal is Woodville, in a commanding and healthful situation, near the centre of the county. Wood- ville is distant from Jackson, one hundred and fifty iniles. It has eight hundred and thirty three inhabitants, of whom three hundred and seventy-one are slaves. The public buildings are a court house, jail, three churches, a Metho- dist, Presbyterian and Baptist, a Bank, two female Acade- mies, conducted with distinguished ability and success ; one by Miss Chapman as Principal, with two assistants, — the other by the Misses Calder. Rev. Mr. Mud^e an alumnus of the Wesleyan Universi- ty, has a Seminary, wdiere a complete course of English studies may be pursued, together with the Latin, Greek and French Languages. Fort Adams is romantically situated on the Mississippi river, in the southwestern part of the county. This fort was built in seventeen hundred and ninety-six by General Wil- kinson, and named in honor of President John Adams. — The village has a few stores and a good landing for the shipment of cotton. It is nineteen miles from Woodville. Pinckneyville is in the southern part of the county. There is a silver mine at the mouth of the Homochitto ; but considered too expensive to be worked with profit- COUNTY OFFICERS. Nathaniel Scudder, Probate Judge. Stephen Johnson, Clerk of Circuit Court. Benjamin F. Herbert, Clerk of Criminal Court. John C: Alexander, Clerk of Probate. William T J.e^^de, Sheriff. Description of Winston County. 511 Charles Netterville, County Treasurer. Mathew Bryan, Assessor of Taxes. William T. Jones, Collector of Taxes. William W. Ives, Surveyor. Dabney F. Lewis, Coroner. Robert Thompson, Ranger. Thomas J. Brown, Gerard C. Brandon, Nolan Stewart John W. Leatherman, Douglas M. Cooper, — Board of Po- lice. WINSTON COUNTY. The county of Winston, in the eastern part of the State and a part of the Choctaw cession, is bounded north by the counties of Choctaw and Oktibbeha, east by Noxubee, touth by Kemper and Neshoba, and west by Attala, It lias an area of twenty townships or seven hundred and twenty square rniles, of which six thousand five hundred and ninety-one acres are under cultivation, with a cot- ton crop of one hundred and thirty-two bales. The free white population is two thousand one hundred and ninety- three ; slaves nine hundred and tifly-nine, of whom four hundred and eighty-four are males and f©ur hundred and '^eventy-five are females. The county is watered by the Naune Warrior; Standing Stone and Yellow Butcha creeks, being the eastern tribu- taries to the Pearl, flo\\ ing southwardly and wcstwardly. Some of the branches of the Noxubee river flow east- ward. The Post offices of this county ore it Deposit and Lou- isville. The soil of Winston county is generally of a very fair quality — a large portion, particularly in the neighborhood of the creeks, is verv rich. Wherever it has been tried, it has been found to be admirably adapted to the growth of cotton. The growth of timber is hickory, post oak, red oak, black jack, j)oplar, &c. &,c. Never failing springs of excellent water abound in all parts of the county. — Perhaps no county in the state is better watered. The ?wamps arc few, and by no means extensive. The sul- phur spring on section thr :e, township fifteen, range twelve is a very large one and snpposed to possess valuable medi- cinal properties. There is an Indian mound on the line between Winston and Neshoba county, not far from the junction of the Nan- ny Warrior and Tallehaga creeks. The sides of the mound 112 Description o/ Winston County. are nearly perpendicular — the height about fifty feet. It is of an oblong shape, and on the top contains an area of level land about one hundred yard slong and lifty Avide ; at a distance of a few hiuidred yards from this mound, an embankment is thrown up from ihrec to fn e feet high, sur- rounding the mound in the form of a circle. The embank- ment surrounds an urea of between two bik' three hundred acres. The whole bears an appearance of great antiquity. Large trees are standing both on the mound and the em- bankment that surrounds it. 'Louisville, the county seat, centrally situated, contains two excellent taverns ; The "Louisville Hotel," by S. R. M'Clanahan. and the "Louisville Inn," by T. D. Conncll ; eight drv goods stores, a court house, a church free to all evangelical denominations.' The following gentlemen of- ficiate as clergymen. For the Baptist denomination. Rev, John Micou ; for the Presbyterians. Rev. .lames Martin ; for the Cumberland Presbyterians, Rev Joseph Bell ; for the Methodists, Rev. E. C» entry. The Trustees of the Louisville Academy were iiicorpo- rated by the Legislature last winter. They have since erected a splendid and commodious academy in a retired part of the village. The Institution is now in succe.ssful operation, under the charge of its principal, the Rev. James Martin. The num- ber of students about sixty. Louisville is perhaps one of the most handsome and flourishing towns in the interior of the State. Its location is fine, and the surrounding country fertile and healthy. It is bountifully supplied with the best of water from sever- al never failing springs. Its growth has been rapid ; pop- ulation from three to four hundred; a splendid courthouse will probablv be built during the next year ; the great mail from Nashville to New Orleans, passes through the village; live mail routes terminate at this village. There are two other villages in this county Ocpositeand Winstonvile, each containing one or two stores. COUNTY OFFICERS. Felin Ellis, Judge of Probate. Ains Hudspeth, County Treasurer. James Phagan, Clerk of Circuit Court. Joseph p. Crosby, Clerk of Probate. JohnH. Hardy, SheriflT. Joseph Bell, Surveyor. Description of Yazoo County. 113 LeroyH. McGowan Assessor and Collector of Taxes. — Jesse Crosby, Coroner. Van S. Bell, Ranger. Board of Police — P. F. M. Clanahan, Johnathan Ellison, William C. Coleman, Larken T. Turner, Henry Fox. YAZOO COUNTY. The ''ounly of Yazoo, so named from its western boun- dary, the Yazoo river, is of a very irregular shape, bound- ed northeast by Holmes county, southeast by the Big Black river, dividing it from Madison and Hinds counties, -southwest by Warren county, and west by the Yazoo ri- Ver, which divides it from Washington county. It has an area of about eighteen townships, or six hundred and forty- eight square miles, of which sixty-three tliousand and nine- ty-five acres arc under cultivation, with a cotton crop of twenty-three thousand four hundred and fifty-three bales. It has a I'ree white population of thirly-four hundred and thirty-three, slaves eighty-four Inmdrcd and fifty-one, of whom forty-two hundred and four arc males, and forty-two hundred and forty-seven females. Rivers. — Yazoo flows through the western edge of the county; Big Black bounds it on the east. Creeks. — Big and Little Cypress, Waley's creek, Wal- lashaboguc, (or Wallachiebogue) creek, terminating in Big Black, and Tesheva, Piney and Short creeks, terminating in Yazoo river. The soil is noted for its great fertility and extraordinary productiveness of the great staple of Mississippi. The timber on the uplands is generally hickory, post oak, black oak and black jack; on the rivers, cypress; on the creeks j)0})lar, walnut, sasafras, and indeed almost every variety of forest tree of southern growth. The election precincts are: — Benton, Manchester, Sa- tartia, NcesFuith's store, Dilley's store, Arnold's store and Jackson's store. Post Offices.— Benton, Manchester, Satartla, Liverpool, Claiborneville, Lincoln and Montgomery. Benton is the couuiy seat, a pleasant village, on an ele- vated ridge of country, about midway between the Yazoo and Big Black rivers, situated in sections one and two, township eleven, range one, west, about forty-five miles from Jackson. ^ \lt contains nine stores, two hotels one acadeniy,'D. Jen' nings, teacher, Masonic lodge and Methodist church. 18* 214 Description of Yazoo County. h has two hundred and nine free white inhabitant*. The town of Manchester is situated west of Benton, on the Yazoo river, about one hundred miles from its mouth, in latitude thirty-two degrees forty-nine minutes, and longi- tude fourteen degrees and eleven minutes west from Was^h- ington. It WAS founded in February eighteen hundred and thirty, ond has continued to improve as the wealth and resources of the immense extent of rich country adjacent have gra- dually been developed. There are tuo banks and one insurance oilice at this place, a number of cxtensi>'e mercantile establishments, and the amount of business transacted annually far ex- ceeds what would be cxi)ecled I'roin the population of the place, there being about one tiiousand inhabitants. The quantity of cotton shipped (which in eighteen hun- dred and thirty, did not exceed one thousand bales,) will, it is estimated, reach the present year thirty-five thousand bales; last year, eighteen hundred and thirty-six and-seven, the number of bales exceeded thirty thousand. Steamboats arc arriving and departing daily for Vicks- burg, Natchez and New-Orlcatis, and the "Yazoo trade" is now looked upon as one of the most profitable in the south. From the official returns of the cotton grown in the counties bordering on the Yazoo, it appears thai in 1886,- "7 there were shipped down tliis river upwards of seventy thousand bales of cotton. From these facts the reader may judge of tlie growing i)nportancc of Manchester, and of the very extensive and profitable business transjicted in this place. The improvement of the to^\ ii has been greatly facilitat- ed of late, by the erection of steam-saw mills, three hav- ing been erected in the past year, (in addition to the one on the opposite side of (he river,) all failing, at times, to supply the pressing demands for lumber. Another town growing into importance in the southwes- tern part of the county, .situated on the Mississippi river, is Liverpool. COUNTY OFFICERS. R. Campbell, Probate Judge. Thomas P. Slade, Clerk of the Circuit Court. George Cro.ckett, Probate Clerk. Parham Buford, Sheriff. Description of Yalobusha, County. 915 W. W. Richardson, County Treasurer. J. G. Rutherford, County Surveyor. John S. Paul, Assessor r.nd Collector of Taxes W. H. Mangum. (voroncr. Thomas King', Ranger. Board of Police. — M. Hooter. Hiiam Seller, .T. J. Mit- chic, James Buford, John Alston. YALOBUSHA COUNTY. The louuly of Yalobusha, .'^o naiucd from the rivei Avhich flows tlirough itseenlre, is bounded north by Ponola Hud Lafayette counties, cast by Lafayclie and ChickasaAv, south by Chocta-,v and Carroll, and wesl by Tallahatchie counticf^. It has an area of twenty-five townships or nine hundred square miles, of which Iwcnty-five thousand four hundred and two acres are under cultivation, with a cotton crop of four thousand four hundred eighty-six bales. Its free white population is four thousand three hundred and lifty-live, slaves four thousand two hundred and fifteen, of whom two thousand and ci{jh(y-four arc malcH and two thousand one hundred and thirty-one females. This county is watered exchisivdy by the Yalobuslia and its tributaries. Coireevillc, tlic county seat, is situated in the centre of the county. If contains a populati(Ui of about two hun- dred inhabitants, and is distant about one hundred and fifl} miles from Jackson. Colfecville is situated on a very bro- ken ])icce of land, thoui^h so)newhat picturesque in its ap- pearance, and is generally supposed to be healthy. It has a court-house and county prison; a church edifice belong- ing to the Methodist Episcopal denomination. All the build- ings arc co)npo.sed of wooden materials, and of quite au ordinary character. ! There, are two hotels or taverns, and five stores in the town.] There is I)ut one academy in the cotiuIv, which embra- ces both a male and female department, intended to be xui- der distinct instructors. These are located at a little vil- lage called Preston, in the west side of the county, and is about fifteen miles from the county town. Mr. .Tenkin* is now principal of the male department. Grenada is by far the most iinportant t6^v^\ in llu' county, and is .situated on a beautiful plain extending from the 216 Description of Yalobusha County. south bank of the Yalobusha river, in a southern direction' ond 5-eems as if designed for the location of an important place. This place was located not quite four years ago, audit now nvunbers about seven hundred inhabitants. — There are two comfortable hotels ami sixteen stores, be- sides three produce stores and two grog-shops, generally misnamed groceries. There are also now being erected tAvo fine church cdilices; one for the Episcopal INIctiiodist, and the other for the Presbyterian congregation. The Yalo- busha river is navigable for snuill steamers to Grenada ftbout four months in the year, and fur keels somewhat longer. The health of Grenada has been uniformly good since it has been a town, which ils location would warrant to the eye of an experienced soulheruer. But that which promises most for the health of tlie place, is the fact, that in the middle of one of the public squares there is a well of the real " magnum boiium,^' surplus water. There is also a steam saw-mill in town and a saw and grist-mill driven by- water power in the vicinity. The largest river is Yalobusha which flows through the county from east to west. The tributaries to this river are Lusascoona on the north which flows into the Yalobusha above Grenada, in rather northwest direction and passes lhroue countv is generally fertile, and generally rolling laud. The hills are tillable as well as the valleys*, though not so productive. The timber is generally light, a characteristic of the uplands in North Mississippi; some pine is interspersed Iierc and there on the hill tops. The principal limber, how- ever, is black-jack, post-oak and hickory. The posl-olKces in Yalobusha county are Oak»chicka- ma, Oakland, Pharsalia. Siudijiia. Troy, L'ofleeville and Grenada. There is a weekly newspaper jiublished at Grenada and another at roflceville. COUNTY OFFICERS. John AV. McLcjnore, Jud^f of Probate Court* Dftvid Mabrayj >?hcrifr. Periodicals and Newspapers of Mississippi. 217 Thoma? D. Barbour, Clerk of the Circuit Court Davidson M. Rayburn, Clerk of Probate Court Murdoch Ray, County Treasurer. Hillery Talbert, Asscsj 20. The Southern Planter, a weekly paper, published and edited by R. IVason. RIPLEY.-TIPPAH COUNTY. 21. The Ripley Transcript, a weekly paper, published and edited by J. B. Walker, Periodicals and Newspapers of Mississippi. 219 BRANDON.-RANKIN COUNTY. 22. The Brandon Republican, a weekly paper, publish- ed and edited by R. Jones. GRENADA.— YALOBUSHA COUNTY. 23. The (Grenada Bulletin, a weekly paper, published and edited by W. B. MeClellan. WOOD VILLE.— WILKINSON COUNTY, 24. The Woodville Republican, a weekly paper, pub- lished and edited by Wni. A. Norris & Co. ^t CANTON— MADISON COUNTY. 25. The Canton Herald, a weekly paper, published by M. S. Hancock & Co., and edited by Messr.'^. Rollins and Tupper. MONTICELLO— LAWRENCE COUNTY. 26. The Pearl River Banner, a weekly paper, publish- ed and edited by Cohea & Cameron. ^ GALLATIN.— COPIAH COUNTY 27. The Southern Star, a weekly paper, published and edited by G. R. Kiger. LEXINGTON— HOLMES COUNTY. 28. The Lexington Herald, a M'eekly paper, published and edit^id by Sidney M. Jeffcrs. GRAND GULF— CLAIBORNE COUNTY. 29. The Grand Gulf Advertiser, a semi-weekly paper, published and edited by W. M. Smyth. ' HOLLY SPRINGS— MARSHALL COUNTY. 30. The Mississippi Mirror, a weekly paper, published by James Curtis, and edited by E. P. Howe., PONTOTOC— PONTOTOC COUNTY 31. The Mississippi Intelligencer, a weekly paper, pub- li-shedby Bradford & Leland,and edited by C. A. Bradford. RAYMOND— HINDS COUNTY. 32. The Raymond Times, a weekly paper, published by S. T. King, and edited by A. L. Dabney. 220 Churches in Mississippi. PAULDING— JASPER COUNTY, 33. The Eastern Clarion, a wookly paper, published and pclitod bv J. J. McRae. CHURCHES IN MISSISSIPPI. THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL rilLTRCU. The Dior.oso of Mississippi ha,s, as yet, no bishop.— .Bishop Otky, of the Tennessee Dioce.se, is the provisi- onal Bishop of Mississippi. But at what lime the estab- lishment of churches and the increase of members shall warrant, the office of bishop Avill be established in a dio- cese, winch was, not long since, as far as it respects the Protestant Episcopal Church, Missionary ground. The follouingis the list of Protestant Episcopal Church- es in the Diocese of Mississippi, Avith the names of their respective pastors: — Trinity Church, Natchez, Rev. David C.Page, rector. St. Paul's CtrritcH, WoodivJlc. Rev. .Jolm F. Fish; rector. Christ's Ciittrch, Yickshurg, the rectors. up vacant in consequence of resignation. St. Paul's Cuitri:ii, Grand Gulf. St. Mat.'Jiew's CurncH, Clinton. St. Mark's Chtikcu, Raymond. A churcli at Columbus, name not known. The lost-named four churches are considered as Missi- onary Stations, and are, at present, without clergymen, with the e\'cepti(m of the church at Columbus, where the Rev. M. Ti. For]>es is ofTtciatiu"'. THE METHODI&T EPISCOPAL CHURCH. The Mississippi Annual Conference of the MethodifP attached to the name of a church denotes that it has a Pastor. S S that it has a Stated Supply, V that it is vacant. Churches in Mississippi. %n When the post office address of a Miniater and a church is the same they are arranged in the same line. The post office address of the aili'erent Ministers and churches are given in all cases except a iew. In these cases it was un- known to the individual by whom this table was prepared for the Register. There are a number of Presbyterian Ministers in the state whose names do not appear, in consequence of not yet having formed a connection witli the church in this state. PRESBYTERY OF MISSISSITPI. Ministers and Licentiates. William Montgomery, P Jacob Rickliow, W C Jeremiah Chamberlain, D D Pres. Joshua T. Russell, P John H. Van Court, W C Zebulon Butler, P S. G. Winchester, P S. V. Marshall, Prof. T. A. Ogden, Ag. P. H. Fullenwider, W C S. Beach Jones, Prof. Licentiates. S. A. Hodgman. W. H. Van Doren, S S Isaac N. Shepherd, S S Churches. Ebenezer, P Union, S vS Bethel, P Port Gibson, Natchez, P ^ Post Office Address iMinisters 1 1 ; Presbytery of Clinton. Daniel Comibrt, W C John R. Hutchison, SS Peter Donan, S S A. C. Dickerson, S S Alex. Newton, S S Phillips Wood, S S Robert Brotherton, W C George Moore, W C Jesse Siratton, 3 S Francis Rutherford, John Black, SS Licentiate. D. C. Henderson Pine Ridge, SS Hopewell, S S Sharon, S S Philadelphus, S S Concord, S S Salem, V Zion, V Harmony, V Licentiates 3 ; Churches 13. Churches. Post Office Address. Malcolm, Mi. Port Gibson, Mi. OaklandCollege.Mi do. Natchez. Port Gibson. Natchez. Oakland College, Natchez. Jaj'uesville, Mi. Oakland College. Natchez. do. Jaynesville, Mi. do. Winchester, Mi. do. McManus. Mi. do. Fayette, Vli. Mt. Sal Its, V Vicksburg, S S Jackson, S S Madisonville. S S Oxford, S S ' Bclhesda, S S Canton. S S Clinton. Vicksburg. Jackson. Madisonville. Carrollton, Auburn. Canton. Auburn. Middleton. Pascagoula. Grenada. Shongola, Lexington. Grenada, SS Shongola, V Lexington, V Nariah, Osburn, Spring Ridge. Ministers 1 1 ; Licentiate 1 ; Churches 1 1 . Churches in Mississippi. 228 Tke Presbytery of Louisiana, the part which lies within the bounds of this State. Churche!.. Post Office Address. Eethonv S S Toler, Mi. Unity § S do. SecondCreek church of colored people, S S Natchez. Carmel, .S S do. AVoodville, S S Woodville. PiSgah,- Hobnesville. Miuister:^ 5 ; Chui-ches 6. Presbytery of Tombcckbce, oMached to the Synod of Alabama, but located- principally within the State of Mississippi. Presbytery of Louisiana James Smylie, W C Wm. C. Blair, S S Benj. Chase, S S Benj. Shaw, S S Jalilecl Woodbridse CMtrches. Post Office Address. Bethel, V Columbus. Monroe, S S Pontotoc. Columbus, S S Columbus. Unity, S S Caledonia. Mayhew, SS Jacinto. Salem, S S Salern. Oxford, Lafayette co. Holly Springs,_S S Holly Springs. Providence, S S Beershcba, S S Ministers 8 ; Churches 9. Total in the State — Ministers 35 ; Licentiates 4; Churches 39. Presbytery of Tombcckbee . Thomas Archibald, W C Thomas C. Stuart, S S David Wright, S S Hilary Patrick, S S James B. Stafford, WC Thomas Davis, W C D. L. Russell, S S Samuel Hurd, S S Faculty of Oakland College. This institution is located live miles from Rodney. Rev. •Jeremiah Chamberlain, D. D. President and Professor of Moral Science and Belles Lettres ; John Chamberlain, A. M. Professor of Mathematics ; Rev. Samuel V. Marshall, .\. M. Professor of Ancient Languages ; Rev. Samuel Beach .lones, A. M. Professor of Theology ; Mr. Andrew Ros9, Principal of the Preparatory Department. SVNOPiCAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ON MISSIO Rev. John H. Van Court, Chairman. " Benj. Chase, Corresponding Secretary. Thomas Henderson, Esq. Treasurer. Rev. W. C. Blair. Dr. John Ker, Mr. Franklin Beaumont. " A. T. McMurtry. " k. C. Henderson. Col. Joseph Sessions, Pr, William Dunbar. NS. p: Banks in Mississippi. ^^ Rev. A. C Dickerson, Madisonville, Mi. *' P. Donan, Jackson, Mi. " A. Newtoji, Carrolhon, Mi. " Joel Parker, New Orleans. "- A. B. Lawrence, do. " S. H. Hazard, Thibodeauxville, La, '* J, B. Warren, New River, Parish of Ascension, La. •' James Purviance, Baton Rouge, La. " J. L. Montgomery, St. Francisville, La. " A. Hagan^n, Jackson, La. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION FOR THE SOUTH-WEST, Appointed by the Board of the General Assembly, located at IS'atchez. Alvarez Fisk, Esq. Chairman. Rev, John H. Van Court, Secretary. Thomas Henderson, Esq. Treasurer. Rev. Thomas A. Ogden, Agent. " Benjamin Chase. " Samuel G. Winchester. Dr. John Ker. BANKS AND BANKING CAPITAL IN THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI. The Planters' Bank of the State ef Mississippi, at Nat- chez, capital $4,000,000; James C. Wilkins, Fi-esident, H. D. Mandeville, Cashier. Office of the same at Woodville, Hugh Connell, Presi- dent; A. M. Feltus, Cashier. Office of the same at Vicksburg, W. R. Campbell, Pre- -idcnt; Robt. Riddle, Cashier. Office of the same at Port-Gibson, W. H. Martin, Pre- sident; Wm. F. Goodwin, Cashier. Office of the same at Monticello, Arthur Fox, President; John S. Carson, Cashier. Office of the same at Jackson, Robert Hughes, Presi- dent; Wm. C. Richards, Cashier. Office of the same at Columbus, Wm. Dowsing, Presi- dent; Wm. B. Winston, Cashier. Office of the same at Manchester, Thomas W. Scott, President; E. J. Pinkerton, Cashier. The Agricultural Bank, Natchez, capital ^2,000,000; Wm. J. Minor, President; A. P. Merrill, cashier. It has 330 Banks in Mississippi. one branch at Pontotoc, in the county of the same name, B. M. Bradford, president; W. Goodman, cashier. The Com-mercial Bank, Natchez, capital $2,000,000; Levin B. Marshall, president: Thomas Henderson, cashier. In Canton, Wm. L. Balfour, president, and John Mann, cashier. In Brandon, S. C. Farrar, president, and E. L. Hyams, cashier. In Holmesville, David Cleveland, president, a*id Charles \V. Adams, cashier. In Shieldsborough, Samuel White, agent. The Commercial and Rail Road Bank, Vicksburg, J. J. Chevvning, presideiit, and J. P. Harrison, cashier, pro tempore. It has two branches ; one at Clinton, D. Kerr, president, and J. Davenport, cashier ; and the other at Vernon, Green, president, and J. Roacli, cashier. The Bank of Vicksburg; W. F. Markham, president, and R. B. Millikin, cashier. The Grand Gulf Rail Road and Banking Company, capital of $2,000,000; Samuel Cobun, president; J. Cal- iender, cashier. It has one branch at Gallatin, Copiah; Thomas B. Adams, president; John D. Taylor, cashier. The Commercial Bank at Rodney, capital $800,000: Thomas Freeland, president; John Goodin, jr., cashier. The Commercial Bank, Manchester — M. B, Hamer, president; J. J. Hughes, cashier. The Mississippi and Alabama Rail Road Company, Brandon — W. H. Shelton, president; Z. P. Wardell. cashier. The West Feliciana Rail Road Company, Woodville; Joseph Johnson, president; William P. Grayson, cashier. Tlie Lake Washington and Deer Creek Rail Road and Banking Company, Princeton — Z. K. Fulton, president; C. W, Muncaster, cashier. The Vicksburg Water Works and Banking Company, capital $500,000; T. J. Randolph, president; Web- ster, cashier. The Mississippi Union Bank, capital $15,500,000; H. G. Runnels, president; Samuel Gwin, cashier. It has se- ven offices of discount and deposite. The mother bank is located at Jackson, and is intended for the accommoda^ tion of the citizens of the counties of Madison, Hinds, Banks in Mississvppi. ■ 132 Copiah, Simpson, Rankin, Scott, Smith and Lawrence, to be the eighth district, and to be supplied by the mother bank. The branches are — At Macon, in the county of Noxubee, for the use and accommodation of the counties of Lowndes, Octibbeha, Winston, Noxubee, Kemper, Lauderdale and Neshoba, with a capital of one million eight hundred thousand dol- lars. At Augusta, in the county of Perry, for the counties of Clark, Jasper, Covington, Jones, Wayne, Jackson, Han- cock, Greene, Perry and Marion, with a capital of one mil- lion of dollars. At Aberdeen, in the county of Monroe, for the counties of Monroe, Itawamba, Tishemingo, Tippah, Pontotoc, Chickasaw and Marshall, with a capital of one million. At the town of Lexington, in the county of Holmes, for the counties of Yazoo, Holmes, Carroll, Chov.'taw, Attala and Leake, with a capital of one m.illion nine hundred thousand dollars. At the town of Tillatoba, in the county of Tallahatchie, and for the counties of Yallabusha, Tallahatchie, Lafay- ette, De Soto, Ponola and Tunica, witli a capital of one million three hundred thousand dollars. At the town of Vicksburg, in the county of War f^ n, for the counties of Claiborne, Warren, Washington, Bolivar, Coahoma, with a capital of one million five hundred thou- sand dollars. At Liberty, in the county of Amite, and for the counties of Pike, .\mitc, Wilkinson, Adams, Franklin and Jeffer- son, with a capital of two millions of dollars. NAMES OF THE VARIOUS BANKS, With a statement of the nominal capital, and also the amount actually paid in. Names of Banks, Nominal Capital. Amount of cap'Ip'd in Planters' Bank. ii^4,212,000 00 $4,212,000 00 Agricultural Bank, 2,000,000 00 2,000,000 00 Commercial and Rail Road Bank of Vicksburg, 4,000,000 00 3,681,550 00 Grand Gulf Rail Road and Banking Company, 2,000,000 00 1,528,625 00 West Feliciana Rail Road and Banking Company, 1,000,000 00 S71,200 00 232 Banks in Mississippi. NAMES OF THE VARIOUS BANKS, With a SLatcnient ofthx: nommM capitai, and also Ike amount actually paid in. Names of Banks. Nominal Capiial. Amount of eap'l p'd in. Commercial bank of Natch- ez, 3,100,000 00 2,713,470 00 Commercial Bank of Man- chester, 2,000,000 00 012,800 00 Commercial Bank of Co- lumbus, 1,000,000 00 522,120 00 Commercial Bank of Rod- ney, 800,000 00 800,000 00 Tombigby Railroad Co. 2,000,00000 262,600 00 Mississippi and Alabama Railroad & Banking Co. 4,000,000 00 1,14.3,960 00 Bank of Vicksbiiro;, " 2,000,000 00 100,000 00 Bank of Grenada, 1,000,000 00 Bank of Lexington, 800,000 00 50,000 00 Bank of Port Gibson, 1,000,000 00 100,000 00 Vicksburg Water Works and Banking Company, 500,000 00 36,000 00 Northern Bank of Missis- sippi, 2,000,000 00 Hernando Rail-road and Banking Co, 1,000,000 00 Mississippi Rail-road Co. 8,000,000 00 Citizens' Bank of Madison county, 1,000,000 00 50,000 00 Bank of Mississippi, 600,000 00 200,015 00 Mississippi Union Bank, 15,500,000 00 Aberdeen and Pontotoc Banking Co. 1 ,000,000 00 Benton and Manchester Banking Company, 1,000,000 00 Branches of Agricultural and Planters' Banks at Franklin and Tchula, 1,000,000 00 $02,612,000 00 18,884,340 00 ADVERTI^EMEIVT^. O. X.. jyXJBVlSSON &. J- A. VAN HO£S£N, ATTOHNEYS AND COUNSELLORS AT LAW. OFFICE— STATE-ST.; NATCHEZ. 3. S. B. TlIikCHISR, NATCHEZ, MISS. CITV HOTEI., BIT HOIiTOH & "BAM-TLOIM, MAIN-ST., NATCHEZ. AND WHOLESALE DEALER IN THOMSONIAN BOOHS 4$- JfTEnJCUVES. Planters that want good Medicines and fresh, will find it to their interest to call. COMMERCE-STREET, NATCHEZ, IXTM. A9IIZANCE &. CO., Wholesale and Retail Dealers in WATOKSS. JEWELRY & FANCY aOOSS, MAIN-ST., NATCHEZ. PATTZSRSOlKr & l^lS^HTAi:.!.. Wholesale and Retail Dealers in DRY aOODS; HARDWARE & 0VT3LERY. Glasis., China and Crockery Ware, A general assortment always on hand, and for sale on accommodating terms. MAIN-ST. NATCHEZ. WM. H. FOX, SRUaS, PAINTS, ANB GARDEN SE£2>, Books, Stationary and Musical lustmnients. NATCHEZ, MJSS. K>».^AA„«K,/ Driip:, Paint, Oil and Medicine ST0HII, NATCHEZ, MIS^. DICKS &. WATEB.S, MA INS TBEE T, NA TCHEZ. N. I.. WIZ.Z.IAMS, MAIN STREET, NATCHEZ, MISS. New^ Book and Drtigr 8tore« REED & GODDARD, COMMERCE-ST, NATCHEZ. General Dealers in Merchandize. THOMAS REED, \ S. L. GODDARD. Natchez, May, 1838. T. A. S. DONIPHAN, Has constantly on hand a general assortment of Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, Ready Made Clotljing of every description, Hats, Boots and Shoes, Hardware and Cutle- ry, Glass and China Ware, which he ofters for sale on ac- commodating terms. Natchez, Main-st., opposite the Agricultural Bank. ^^^^-►»>^,^^a,.^*, s>,.^-^e•■^'^■^<^•^■^•^•^'^•^•e■<^**><^^'^-^«■<^♦<^'^<^<^^ XiAMBDXH ac BISMMJOTT, General Agents & Commission Merchants. Corner of Main (^- Canal Streets, Natchez. OAZlf S§ & ADDZS097, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, NATCHEZ, MISS. Practice in the counties of Adams, Jefferson, Warren, Claiborne, Hinds, United States Circuit Courts, and the Parish of Concordia, La, Natchez, May, 1838. The Mississippi Insurance Company, AT VICKSBURG, MISS. This Company continues to take Five and Marine Risks, at as low rates as any in the State. R. RIDDLE, President, W. Harvey, Sec'y. Hy'LRTMFJ-N & Co. Importei's ^ "IFliolesale Dealers in Foreig^n WineH anurg, Miss. Keep constantly on hand a general assortment of work in their line, cheap, for cash only. Vicksburg, May, 1838. E. B. HIGGINS, Bookseller, Stationer and Dealer in Music, Fancy Articles, «&c. Near the Lower end Main-st., Vicksburg. Vicksburg, Miss. May, 1838. SLEDGE & MARTIN, Dealers in Staple and Fancy Goods, Ready Made Clothing, Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps, Hardware, Cutlery, &c. &c. WINES 6l liquors. Vicksburg, (Miss.) May, 1838. BOOK STORE, BROWN Al hughes, Wholesale and Retail Deal-ns in Books? Stationary, Music, Eiigrvaviiigs and Fancy Articles. ^ INkarly Opposite the Planter's Bank, Main-Street, Vicksburg. Vicksburg, May, 1838. JAS. E BOSBE8HELK Wholesale Grocer and jLiquor Merchant, Washington-St., 2d. door below JacJcson-st., Vicksburg^ P. S. Gaul's celebrated Philadelphia PORTER «fc ALE alvii'ays on hand. Vicksburg, May, 1838. TATE & POINDEXTER, Dealers in Di-^' Goods, Groceries, Hard- ware, Ready-Made Clothing, &c. Corner Main and Monroe-sts., Vicksburg, Miss. Vicksburg, May, 1838. LOUIS J. FOURNlCtUET, importers and Dealers in Foreign and Domeytic Hard- ware, corner ofGravier andNcw-Levee-Pts., New-Orleans, fronting the Steam-Boat Landing. N. B. Mississippi paper taken at par. Vicksburg, May, 1838. FASHIONABLE CLOTHING STOUK Maiu-Street, Vicksburg^. The subscriber keeps constantly on hand at his Store - on Main Street, (diagonally opposite the Vicksburg Man, sion House.) a general assortnioil of Gentlemen's, Youths and Children's Fashionable Ready Made Clothing:, Hats, Boots, Shoes, Socks, Handkerchiefs, Suspenders, Gloves, Stocks, &c. &c. .K \V. HOPKINS, Vicksburg, May, 1838. al FANCY & STAPLE DRY GOODS STORE^ Upper End of Main-Street, Vicksburg. The subscriber keeps constanlly on hand at his Store, on Main-st., a general assortment of Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, Perfumery, Combs, Jewelry, Boots and Shoes; FANCY ARTICLES, c^c. WM. HAY. N. B. In connexioH with tlic above estabHshment, FAP^CY MILLINERY & DRESS MAKING. W. H. & A M. PAXTON, Attorneys and Counsellors at Law, Vicksburg, Miss., May, 1838, J. M, GILMORE, Produce Grocer & Commission Merchant. VICKSBURG, MISS. GOODALL & ROUERTS, Aucticmeers & Commission Merchants. VICKSBURG, MISS. S. S. BOOTH, Dealer in Staple & Fancy Dry Goods. J ICKSB UR G, MISS. H. STIDGER, Vicksburg, May, 1838. .f. O. HARRISON tS6 J. HOLT, ATTOK]\EYJ?^ AT LAW^ VICKSBURG, MISS. BENSON BLAKE. ATTORIVEY AT L.AW, VICKSBURG, MISS. ATTORJ^EYS AT LAWf VICKSBURG, MISS. ATTORi\EY AT LAW, VICKSBURGy MISS. HENRY C. COONS, ATTORNEY 4- COUNSELLOR AT LAW. VicKSBURG, Miss. Will practice in all the courts' of this and the adjoining counties. Vicksburg, May, 1838. JOHN F. PEERSON, CO UN'S ELL OR 4- .1 TTORNE Y A T LAW. Office up stairs, next door to the Commercial Reading Room. Vicksburg, Miss., May, 1838. HORACE F. BLANCHARD, ATTORNEY iSf COUNSELLOR AT LAW. Having located in Vicksburg, will attend to all business entrusted to his care, with zeal and promptitude. Office on Main-St., a few doors below the Post-Office. Vicksburg, (Miss.) May, 1838. WILLIAM F. RITCHIE, .4 TTORNE Y AT LA W, VJCKSB URG. Office on China Row. Vicksburg, Miss., May, 1838. JOHN M. CHILTON, Has resumed the practice of Law, and w ill hereafter at- tend the Circuit Court of Warren, and the United States District Court, Chancery Court, and Court of Appeals, held at Jackson — Office in Monroe-st. Vicksburg, Miss., May, 1838. WM, M. HURST & WMc A, LAKE, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, VICKSBURG. MISS. Practice Law in the counties pf Warren, Hinds, Madi- son, Yazoo and Washington, Miss., in the Parish of Car- roll, in Louisiana, the United States District Court, Su- preme and Chancery Courts at Jackson. Office in Cherry- street, a few doors from Main-st. Vicksburg, May, 1838. SAM'L. P. WEBSTER & A. F. SMITH, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, VICKSBURG. They avUI practice Law in Warren and the adjacent counties : Also, in the Supreme and Chancery Courts in Jackson, and in the United States District Court. Office at the corner of Grove and Washington-sts. Vicksburor, Miss., May, 1838. T. A. MARSHALL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, VICKSBURG, MISS. Will practice in the counties of Warren, Hinds, Yazoo and Madison, in the High Courts of Errors and Appeals; the Supreme Court of Chancery, and the United States Circuit Court at Jackson. Office up stairs, on Mam Street, oppo.site the Vicksburg Hotel. Vicksburg, May, 1838. ROBERT P. FRENCH, ATTORNEY AT LAW, VICKSBURG. MISS. Office on Cherry-st.. near Main-st. Vicksburg, May, 1838. €OU]\8EIiLOR{!^ AT LrAW, GRAND GULF, MISS. JOSEPH CRAPPO, I JOHN D. FREEMAN. Grand Gulf, Miss., Mhy, 1838. BENJ. JOHNSON, A TTORNE Y A T LA W, P ONTO TO C, MJSS. Pontotoc, May, 1838. EXCHANGE HOTEL, CORNER OF CHESNUT f CHINA STREETS. Grand Gulf, Mississippi. This new and commodious establishment, situated on Chcsnut stree), near the river, was opened on the 20th of Derember last, under the superintendancc of the under- signed. It is oonatructed and arranged Avith especial re- gard to the nccommodation of the public, and every ener- ^v of the proprietors shall be directed to effect that object. Rooms furnished, well adapted to private families. The Bar will be well supplied, and the Table the best the coun- try can afford. Attached to which i? erected new Stables sufficient to contain sixty horses. G. \V. & R. H. SMITH. Strangers wiihoiit baggage arc requested to pay in ad- vance. In all cases, they are expected to pay once a week. Grand Gulf, May, 1838. JOHN M. SCANLAND, (Successor of Adam Mitchell.) GRAND GULF, MISS. General Dealer, in French, American and English Dry Goods, Groceries, Hardware, Liquors, Hats, Koots, Shoes, »^c. &c. Receiving and Forwarding Merchandize, Cotton, - V - • ' -J*, V* "■ V „^^ ' '/ ^^ s^ v\ o, /„ , ^ •* . '■=^ xO°<, ' /■ 0> ^^" ^- ^<^, ^ *. ^ * " /■ > o ■'^^. ,<^^ ^s^ ^.^' ^' 1 % O- .0^ ^'^ '^* '^ ' ^^N^ ■.<•'"♦ ' ■■>.. ^V ,0 q^ ^ ' x-^'