E :-^m. ^'D D^ 1 ^ 3 > ^1> I LIBRARY OF COiNGRESS,; f |hr/..£rl. tew fa t I .=£75^^^ ....5..._..C. 3... IJte^^^^^ r^^K I UNITED STATES OP AMERICA. ^ ">S>I>Q C«>I>J ym: ^WW' J. m> ^5a^^^" "'"3>31 3>3)J ^-^i^%x"- o\^ 1 Centennial Guide U OF THE EXPOSITION AND PHILADELPHIA. Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1876, by R. Magee & Son, in the Librarian's Office, Washington, D. C. Philadelphia: RICHARD MAGEE & SON. 1876. V^^^ , 4<«>r:> 2 /V GUIDE eF EXPOSITION \5 .\^ JIL tlCES OF imEREST IN PHILUDELPlllll, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. Academy of Fine Arts, Broad street above Arcli — corner of Cherry street — admission 35 cents ; reached from the east and west, by tlie Arch street car ; from the north, by the Thirteenth street car, and from the south, by the Fifteenth street car, get- ting out at Arch street. Academy op Music, Southwest corner Broad and Locust streets ; reached from the north, by the Thirteenth street car, and from the south, by tlie Fifteenth street car, to within one square* of tlie Academy — getting out at Locust street ; from the east by th^ Wahiut street car, and from the Avest, by the Chestnut street and Spruce street cars, to within two squares of the Academy. Academy of Natural Science, corner Nineteenth and Eace streets — admission 10 cents ; reached from the north, by Seven- teenth street car, to Race street, and south by Nineteentli street car ; east, by Vine street car, and west, by Race street car. American Philosophical Society, Fifth street, south of Chest- nut, west side. Atlantic City — West Jersey Railroad depot, foot of Vine street. Athen^um of Philadelphia, Sixth street below Walnut ; open from 8 A.M. to 10 p.m. Strangers admitted upon application to the Librarian. ^apprentices' Library, Southwest corner Fifth and Arch streets. Bank of North America, Chestnut street, north side, above Third street. * A square is tlie space of ground between one principal street and an- other, and is about one-twelfLh of a mile in lengtlii AND PHILADELPHIA. 3 Blind Asylum, Northwest corner Tweiilieth and Race streets — ad- mission everyday free, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. (except Saturday,) no ticket required. Concerts, Wednesdays p.m. — admission 15 cents ; readied same as Academy of Natural Science. Blockley Alms House, Thirty-fourtli and Darby road. West Philadelpliia ; take Walnut street cars ; tickets procured at No. 42 South Seventh street — admission, Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. BoKDENTOWN — Steamer Edwin Forrest, from Arch street wharf ; also railroad from foot of Market street (see advertisement in daily papers) . Boys' Central High School, corner Broad and Green streets ; reached within one square by the Union line, going up Ninth street and out Spring Garden street ; and by the Green street and Fairmount avenue line, going up Eighth street and out Fairmount avenue. CLUB HOUSES. Union League Broad and Sansom streets. Reform Club Chestnut street above Fifteenth. Philadelphia Club Thirteenth and Walnut streets. Merchants' Club 246 South Third street. Sketch Club No. 10 West Penn Square. St. George Society. Thirteenth and Arch streets Penn Club. . . ..Southeast corner Eighth and Locust streets. Social Art Club. 1525 Chestnut street. Philadelphia Riding Club. 215 South Sixteenth street. Cape May — per steamer down Delaware river ; also railroad from foot of Market street (see advertisement in daily papers). Carpenters' Hall, Carpenters' Court, off of Chestnut street, be- low Fourth, south side ; admission at any time, free. Cathedral of St. Peter and St. .Paul, Eighteenth street above Race ; reached from east, by Race street ; west, by Vine street; north, by Seventeenth ; south, by Nineteenth street cars. Cathedral Cemetery, Lancaster avenue and Forty-eighth street ; reached by Race and Vine streets ear, going out Vine street. 4 aUIDE OF EXPOSITION Charity Hospital of Philadelphia, 1834 Hamilton street, readied by Nineteenth street car. Christ Church, Second street, above Market, corner of Church street. Christ Church Hospital, Belmont avenue and Monument road, near the Exhibition grounds. Chestnut Hill — reached by Germantown Railroad, depot, Kinth and Green streets ; city cars — going out Eighth and Ninth streets, run within one square of the depot. College of Physicians and Surgeons of Philadelphia, Northeast corner of Thirteenth and Locust streets. College of Pharmacy, 145 North Tenth street, south of Race, Commercial Exchange, Second street, between Chestnut and Walnut. Congress Hall, Chestnut street, southeast corner of Sixth street. County, or Moyamensing Prison, Tenth and Reed streets ; ad- mission every day (except Saturday), from 9 a. m. to 12 m., and from 2 to 4 p.m. ; tickets procured (free) at Ledger Office, cor- ner Sixth and Chestnut streets ; reached by Tenth and Eleventh streets cars, going down Tenth street. Custom House, Chestnut street below Fifth. CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. Access to the Exhibition Grounds. Agricultural Hall. American Soldier's Monument, Awards. British Buildinars. Centennial Exhibition. " Fountain. " National Bank. " Passenger Line on the Grounds. " Photo Company's Building. Post Office. Columbus Monument. Conveyance to the Grounds. Dairy. Departments and Classification of Articles. AND PHILADELPHIA. O Entrances to the Exhibition Grounds. Events during the Exposition. " Expositions— Space occupied. Fire En seine Houses. Foreign Xations which will Exhibit. Fortified Block House. German Building. Goverment Building. Harvesting Machines Exhibition. Horticultural Hall. Horticultural Garden. Ice AYater Fountain. Indian Encampment. International Exhibition. Japanese Building. Japanese Bazaar. Jury Pavilion, Live Stock Exhibition. Location of the Exhibition Grounds and Buildings. Log House — Canadian. Machinery Hall. Main Exhibition Building. Memorial Hall. Model of Railway up Mount Washington. Modern Kitchen. Music Pavilion. Kew England Log House. Newspaper Pavilion. Observatory at Belmont. Officers of the Exhibition. Office of Medical Bureau. Palestine Camp. Photographic Hall. Public Comfort Building, Religious Liberty Monument. Relief Plans of the Cities of Paris, Naples, Jerusalem, and of Italy and Switzerland. Restaurants. Signal and Weather Station, - Spanish Building. 6 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION Statue of William Penn. Space occupied by Nations. State Buildings, Swedish Schciol House. Vienna Bakery, Wagon and Carriage Building. Washington Statue. Western Hunter's Camp. Witlierspoon Monument. West Point Cadet Camp. Women's Pavilion. World's Ticket Office. World's Ticket and Inquiry Building. Carriage Fares. Deaf and Dumb Asylum, corner Broad and Pine streets ; reached from the north, by Thirteenth street car ; from the south, by Fifteenth street car, to Pine street, within one square of the Asylum ; from the east, by the Pine street car, to the door, and from the west, by Spruce street car, to Broad str^jet. Tickets (free) procured at the Ledger Office, corner of Sixth and Chest- nut streets ; admission, every Thursday at 3 p.m. Eastern Penitentiary, Fairmount avenue, from Corinthian ave- nue (above Twentieth street) to Twenty-second street ; admis- sion every day (except Saturday and holidays) from 1 to 5 p.m. Tickets procured at Ledger Office ; reached directly by Green and Fairmount avenue car going up Eighth street, and out Fair- mount avenue ; other lines connect with this one ; also reached within one square by the Nineteenth street car. Episcopal Hospital, Front street and Lehigh avenue ; take Third street car. Fairmount Park — reached by Spruce and Pine street cars, going out Pine street ; Arch street car, going west ; Kace and Vine street cars, going out Vine street ; Callowhill street, going west ; Green and Fairmount avenue, going up Eighth street, and out Fairmount avenue ; Union line (Fairmount branch) going up Ninth street and out Spring Garden street, also out Poplar street ; Girard avenue car, going west ; Fourth and Eighth streets line give passes for Girard avenue line, for one fore. Ridge avenue car, going northwest, goes to the East Park, as AND PHILADELPHIA. 7 also does the Keading Railroad from Depot, Tliirteen'h and Cal- lowliill streets, stopping at several stations in the Park en route to Belmont. Fort Mifflin, west shore of the Delaware river about one mile below the mouth of the Schuylkill ; is reached by land, by the Pine street cars, to Gray's Ferry Bridge, and then by foot ; and by steam tug from Washington avenue wharf. For Washington avenue wharf, take Union line car (Navy Yard Branch) on Sev- enth street. Fort Delaware, on Pea Patch Island, Delaware River, 42 miles below Philadelphia ; is reached by steamer (see advertisement in daily papers) and by rail, from depot, Broad street and Wash- ington avenue to Delaware City, and then by barge or row-boat to the Fort. Thirteenth street cars, and Union line (Baltimore Depot Branch) going south on Seventh street, take you direct to depot. Franklin's Printing Office, No. 7 Hudson street ; off of Chest- nut street, north side, above Third street. Frankford Arsenal, Frankford ; take Richmond car of Second and Third streets, going up Third street, and Union line, going up Ninth street. Franklin Institute, east side of Seventh street, between Market and Chestnut streets — admission free. Franklin Square — Sixth to Franklin streets. Race to Vine streets. Friends' Asylum for the Insane, located near Frankford. Germantown — reached by Germantown Railroad, depot. Ninth and Green streets ; depot reached within one square, by cars going out Eighth and Ninth streets. German Hospital, Girard avenue, corner of Corinthian avenue, above Twentieth street ; reached by Girard avenue car, and by Nineteenth street car to Girard avenue. Girard College — Girard avenue, west of Nineteenth ; reached by Ridge ave. car, going out Arch street, from Front street to Ninth and out Ridge avenue ; also by Nineteenth street car ; by Girard avenue car, going west ; Eighth street (yellow car), getting pass for Girard avenue car (one fare) ; open every day (except Sun- days); admission free — tickets at Ledger Office, Sixth and Chestnut streets. 8 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION Glen WOOD Cemeteey, Ridge avenue and Islington lane ; reached by Ridge avenue car. Gloucester — Chestnut car to Second street, to South street, and a few minutes walk down South street to ferry steamer for Glou- cester. Grave op Benjamin Franklin — Christ Church Burying Ground — southeast corner Fifth and Arch streets. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, in the Pennsylvania Hos- pital building, south side of Spruce street, between Eighth and Ninth streets. HoiiMESBURG — Take cars of Pennsylvania Railroad, at the Kensing- ton depot. Horticultural Hall — next to Academy of Music, and reached in the same way — -Broad street above Spruce. House of Correction, near Holmesburg ; admission on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. — tickets at No. 51 North Sixth street. House of Refuge, Twenty -third and Parrish streets ; admission on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. — tickets at No, 21 N. Seventh street. Take Union line (Fair- mount Branch) on Ninth street, and out Spring Garden street ; also Ridge avenue car. House wherein Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Inde- pendence, southwest corner of Seventh and Market streets. Independence Hall, south side of Chestnut street, between Fifth and Sixth streets; open from 9 a.m. until 5 p.m. ; admission free. Independence Square, rear of Independence Hall, to Walnut, and from Fifth to Sixth streets. Jefferson Medical College, Tenth street, south of Chestnut street. Jewish Hospital, Westminster avenue and Haverford road. Jewish Synagogue, cor. of Broad and Mt. Vernon streets ; reached by Fifteenth street car to Mt. Yernon, and two minutes walk east to Broad street ; or by Union line (Fairmount Branch) on Ninth street and out Spring Garden to Broad street, and three minutes walk north to Mt. Vernon street. Lauhel Hill, Ridge avenue, near Falls of Schuylkill ; reached by 4ND rillLADELPHIA. 9 Ridge avenue line, going west, on Arch street from Front to Ninth, and thence to Ridge avenue ; also by steamer on the Scliuylkill river, at the Waterworks, Fairmountr Lauhel Hill— West— on Belmont avenue, just beyond the Cen- tennial grounds; reached by Reading Railroad to Pencoid station. Lazaretto Island of Tinicum, in the river Delaware, about fiffeeen miles below Philadelphia ; reached by Philadelphia, Wilming- ton, and Baltimore Railroad, depot Broad street and Washing- ton avenue. Ledger Office, corner Sixth and Chestnut streets ; citizens and strangers invited to visit it. Masonic Temple— old— Chestnut street above Seventh ; not now used by the fraternity. Masonic Temple -new — Broad street above Market, northeast cor- ner of Filbert street ; visitors are admitted every Tlmrsday, if the weather is ftiir, on application to the Secretary, in the build- ing, who will furnish tickets— to be returned upon leaving the Institution ; cards of admission can also be procured at the Ledger Office, Sixth and Chestnut streets. Merchants' Exchange, Third street above Walnut, corner of Dock street ; strangers admitted on application to the Clerks. Mercantile Library, Tenth street, west side, above Chestnut street. Mint— United States— north side of Chestnut street above Thirteenth, corner of Juniper street ; admission from 9 a.m. to 12 m — free. Morgue, Beach and Noble ; admission free, Thursday and Satur- day, from 9 A.M. to 5 p.m.; no tickets required. Municipal Hospital, Hart Lane, near Twenty -first street. MERCANTILE ASSOCIATIONS. Board of Brokers— 21 Merchants' Exchange, Third and Walnut sts. Board of Trade, Mercantile Library building 10th st. ab. Chestnut. Chamber of Commerce 133 South Second street. Grocers' (wholesale) Association 119 South Front street. Maritime Exchange 133 South Sccand street. Philadelphia Drug Exchange 17 South Third street. Philadelphia Exchange Company, N. E. cor. Third and Walnut s's. Produce Exchange , Front and Arch streets. 10 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION Mount Mokiah Cemetery, Darby road, bordering on Delaware couuty ; reached by Darby and Mt. Moriali Branch of the Chest- nut and "VYalnut street line. Monument Cemetery, Broad and Montgomery avenue ; reached by Thirteenth and Fifteenth streets cars, going out Fifteenth street. Mayor's Office — Corner Fifth and Chestnut streets. National Mu^um, the room on the right in vestibule of Indepen- dence Hal], south side of Chestnut street, between Fifth and Sixth streets ; admission free ; open from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Navy Yard, League Island, foot of Broad street ; admission every day ; no tickets required. Reached by steam tug at foot of Washington avenue ; or Thirteenth and Fifteenth street cars, going down ThirLeenth street, takes you within about ten min- utes walk. Naval Asylum — United States — Gray's Ferry road, below South street ; reached by Spruce and Pine streets car, going out Pine street. Naval Hospital — United States — on the grounds of the Naval Asjdum. Odd Fellows' Cemetery, Twenty-fourth street and Islington lane. Penn Treaty Monument, corner Beach and Hajiover streets ; take Richmond car on Third street. Pennsylvania Hospif al— from Eighth to Ninth streets and Spruce to Pine streets. Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane, between the West Ches- ter and Haverford roads, west of Forty -third street ; reached by Market street car, going west. Pennsylvania Sanitarium — Located in Media, fourteen miles from Philadelphia ; West Chester Railroad, depot Thirt^'^-first and CliiCstnut streets. Penn's First American Dwelling, No. 10 Letitia street^ off of Chestnut street, between Front and Second streets. Philadelphia Library — old — Fifth street, below Chestnut, east side ; New— Broad and Christian streets ; strangers admitted ; reached direct by Thirteenth street ca,r. AND PHILADELPHIA. 11 Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, 145 North Tenth street, .helow Race. Philadelphia Hospital, Darby road ; reached direct by Chestnut and Walnut street cars, going out Walnut street. Philadelphia Dispbnsaky, Fifth above Walnut streets. Philadelphia County Medical Society, Northeast corner of Thirteenth and Locust streets. Post Office — present building — south side of Chestnut street, be- tween Fourth and Fifth streets. Post Office — new building — corner Ninth and Chestnut streets. Port Richmond and the Coal Wharves ; take Third street car. Public Buildings — new — at the intersection of Broad and Market streets ; visitors allowed inside the enclosure week days, during working hours. Red Bank — on the New Jersey shore of the Delaware river ; reached by steamboat, from South street wharf. Residence of George Washington, formerly stood south side of Market street below Sixth. Rittenhouse Square — Eighteenth to Nineteenth streets, and Wal- nut to Locust streets. School of Design for Women, northeast corner of Merrick and Filbert streets, opposite northeast corner of new Public Build- ings. Schuylkill Navy — the boat houses are situated on the east side of Schuylkill river, above the Water- works, Fairmount Park ; reached by the cars running to the Park. Smith's Island — Steamers leave every ten minutes, Delaware ave- nue above Walnut street. St. Joseph's Hospital, Seventeenth and Girard avenue ; take Nineteenth street car, from the south, and Girard avenue car, from the east ; other lines connect with these. St. Mary's Hospital, Frankford road and Palmer street ; reached by Fifth and Sixth street cars, going out Fifth street. Swedes' Church — on Swanson street below Christian ; reached by Second and Third street cars, going dowii Second street, and Navy Yard Branch of Union line, going down Seventh street. 12 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION Trenton — Steamer Edwin Forrest, from Arch street wharf, every- day; also, Pennsylvania Railroad, from depots Kensington and foot of Walnut street. Union League, Broad street below Chestnut, west side. United States Arsenal, Gray's Ferry road ; take cars going out Pine street ; admission every day — no tickets. University of Pennsylvania — Junction of Darby road. Locust, and Thirty-fourth streets ; reached b}^ Walnut street car (Darby road Branch) direct, or West Philadelphia Branch to Thirty-six street, from which a few minutes walk south. Washington's Camp Ground, at Valley Forge ; reached by Read- ing Railroad, depot, Thirteenth and Callowhill streets. WissAHiCKON, The — reached by Ridge avenue car, going northwest. Wills' Hospital, Race above Eighteenth streets. Women's Medical College, North College avenue, above Twen- ty-second street ; reached by Ridge avenue car. Woodlands — Darby road and Thirty-ninth street ; the Darby and Mount Moriah Branch of the Chestnut and Walnut streets line, going out Walnut to Twenty-second street, and thence out Chestnut street and Darby road, pass the entrance. Wagner Free Institute of Science, Seventeenth and Montgom- ery avenue ; reached by car going out Sixteenth street. Washington Square — Sixth to Seventh streets, and Walnut to Locust streets. Young Men's Christian Association — Temple Building — South- east corner Fifteenth and Chestnut streets ; present building, 'No. 1210 Chestnut street ; strangers welcome. Zoological Garden — Take car going out Arch street, or Vine, or Girard avenue, or steamer on the Schuylkill river at the Water-works, Fairmount. ATsD PHILADELPHIA. 13 HOTELS OF PHILADELPHIA. Continental Hotel. . .. Southeast corner Ninth and Chestnut streets. Girard Northeast corner Ninth and Chestnut streets. Colonnade Fifteenth and Chestnut streets. La Pierre Broad and Chestnut streets. St. George Broad and Walnut streets. St. Stephen's Chestnut street ahove Tenth. The Forrest Mansion Hotel Broad and Master streets. Guy Seventh and Chestnut streets. Bino-ham Eleventh and Market streets. St. Cloud "709 Arch street. Merchants' 42 North Fourth street. Ii-vino- 919 Walnut street. Washington Chestnut street ahove Seventh. West End 1524 Chestnut street. St. Elmo 317 Arch street. Markoe 919 Chestnut street. American 517 Chestnut street. St. Charles 54 North Third street. Petry's 140B Walnut street. Eagle 227 North Third street. Arch Street No. 1 Arch street. Allegheny 812 Market street. Ridgeway No. 1 Market street. Aubrey , Thirty-fourth and Walnut streets.. Montgomery 413 North Sixth street. Great Western 1311 Market street. United States No. 9 Walnut street. Barley Sheaf 257 North Second street. Central avenue 831 Market street. Commercial 826 Market street. Columbia Ill North Broad street. St. James 310 Pace street. Red Lion.. 472 North Second street. Black Horse 352 North Second street. Penn Manor Eighth and Spring Garden streets. 14 GtriDE OF EXPOSITION Black Bear 425 North Third street. Bald Eade • 416 North Third street. Keystone „ Broad street below Arch. HOTELS AT OR NEAR THE CENTENNIAL GROUNDS. Grand Exposition Hotel Girard and Lancaster avenues. Trans-Continental Elm and Belmont Avenues. Globe Elm and Belmont Avenues, United States Forty -second and Columbia avenue. Atlas Hotel Fifty-second street and Elm avenue. Elm Avenue Hotel Elm avenue. PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. Academy of Music Broad and Locust streets. Alhambra Broad below Locust streets. Arch Street Theatre Arch above Sixth streets. Amateur Drawing Room. Seventeenth above Chestnut streets. Arch Street Opera House (minstrels ,Arch above Tenth streets. Assembly Buildings Corner Tenth and Chestnut streets. Chestnut Street Theatre Chestnut street above Twelfth. Concert Hall 1221 Chestnut street. Eleventh Street Opera House (minstrels) 11th st. above Chestnut. Forrest Mansion Garden Broad and Master streets. Fox's Tlieatre (varieties) Chestnut street below Eleventh, Grand Central Theatre (varieties) Walnut street above Eighth. German Theatre Callowhill street above Fourth. Horticultural Hall Broad street below Locust. Museum Corner Ninth and Arch streets. Musical Fund Hall Locust street below Eighth. Maenerchor Music Garden, Fairmount avenne cor. Franklin street. National Theatre (varieties) Tenth and Callowhill streets*. Walnut Street Theatre Ninth and Walnut streets. Zoological Garden Fairmount Park. A'ST) PHILADELPHIA. 15 THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA. Philadelphia was founded by the illustrious William Penn in the year 1682. The euphonious name, so characteristic of the leader of the fraternity of "Friends," he derived from that of a city in Asia- Minor, and which in the Greek means ' ' BROTHERLY LOVE. ' ' The first landing of William Penn on the site of liis future city, was what was then known as the "Blue Anchor Landing, " near to which stood the Blue Anchor Tavern, and what is now Front and Dock streets. But it is not our purpose to give the stranger a history of the City, as it is to furnish a convenient " vade mecuin" or guide to the nu- merous locations and objects of interest ; and- with these remarks we proceed to place before him historical relics and places of interest in Philadelphia. CONGRESS HALL Is located on Chestnut Street, south-east corner of Sixth Street, and is now used for Court purposes ; on the eastern wall is a tablet with the following inscription, in plain old-fashioned letters : In this building met the First Senate, and the First House of Representatives of the United States of America ; and herein George Washington was inaugurated President, March 4, 1793, and closed his official career ; ■ where, herein also, John Adams was inaugurated the Second President of the United States, March 4, 1797, 16 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION INDEPENDENCE HALL, (THE BIRTH-PLACE OF LIBERTY.) South Side of Chestnut Stueet, between 5th and Gth Sts. Independence Hall, or the State House, as it was called in our early days — originally designed by the architect Andrew — was built by Edmund Wooley. It was finished after an interval of struggles in 1734. It was formally opened by Mayor Allen in the year 1735, with a banquet in honor of Governor Penn. It was here, in the first room on your left as you enter from Chest- nut street, that the first colonial Congress met to deliberate, in the language of Washington, as to " how far man could be trusted with self-government." It was here, where the glorious " Declaration of Independence " was debated and signed by the immortal 56, July 4, 1776, and on the 8th of July read by John Nixon from a platform in the yard, (now independence Square,) to a rejoicing people, and a new and mighty nation was born to "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. The nucleus of a National Museum intended to commemorate the signing of the Constitution of the United States in 1787, and the history of Pennsylvania during colonial and Revolutionary days, is now on exhibition in the judicial hall of the old colony of Penn- sylvania. It is open to visitors from 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. of each day. Here, in this room, you meet with a most noted and famous relic, "the old Independence Bell," that with its ponderous iron tongue^ tolled the glad tidings of the Declaration to a disenthralled people. There it hangs, suspended from its massive beams of wood, with the "crack" in its brazen head, and the prophetic motto, the words of holy writ, standing out in bold relief ui^on its forehead : "PROCLAIM liberty THROUGHOUT ALL THE LAND, AND UNTO ALL THE INHABITANTS THEREOF." (Leviticus xxv. Ver. 10th. j" At the south-west corner of 5tli and Chestnut streets is the present Mayor's Office, the Central Police and Telegraph Station, and on the Fifth street side, the rooms of that ancient and world-renowned institution, the American Philosophical Society, established by Franklin and his learned and sound scientific contemporaries. AXD PHILADELPHIA, POST OFFICE. IT On CHEST^^UT Street, below Fifth Street, south side. Passing along Chestnut street from Independence Hall, with a grand view of massive public buildings of marble and granite on either side, the first that attracts your attention on your right hand is the Post Office of the present, or until the new, grand, and spa- cious one, now in course of erection at Ninth and Chestnut and Market streets is completed. It was first opened for the postal ser- vice on the 23d of February, 1863. The second floor front contains the Money-Order and Letter-Reg- ister Offices ; the rear rooms are occupied by the U. S. and Circuit Courts, and also by the U. S. Marshal. CUSTOM HOUSE. Immediately next to the Post Office stands the Custom House. It is designed from the celebrated Parthenon of Athens, Greece. This beautiful structure was planned and erected as the U. S. 18 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION Bank, and was completed in the early part of 1824, at a cost of $600,000. The material is of the finest white marble ; has a front on Chestnut street and also on Library street ; each distinguished by eight fluted Doric columns, 37 feet in height and four feet and a half in diameter. From its classical design, of course, it originally had no windows, all the light being received from above. The next building of revolutionary interest, and second only to the Hall of Independence, is CARPENTERS' HALL. Located in Carpenters' Court, in the rear of Chestnut below Fourth streets, on the South side. The entrance to the Court is marked by a new and beautiful business structure of the Florentine style of de- sign. carpenters' hall. It was in Carpenters' Hall that the Colonial Congress of 1774 met, with Peytcm Randolph, as President. George Washington also at- tended here as a delegate from Virginia. AND PHILADELPHIA. 19 THE MERCHANT'S EXCHANGE, Third and Walnut Sts., " The place where merchants most do congregate." " A beautifully blue " marble structure, of Grecian architecture, an imitation of the lantern of Demosthenes. It possesses three fronts— one on AValnut street, one on Third street, and one semi-circular and columned front on Dock street, on the east which is approached by two flights of mar- ble steps, each surmounted by a couchant lion. By the steps on the east you reach the "Grand Reading Room," or news department, very liberally supplied with newspapers from all parts of the civilized world, and to which strangers are freely admitted on application to either of the clerks. Subscribers to the rooms can furnish their friends (visitors to the city) with passes for admission at any time. A record is here kept of the arrival, clearance and departure of vessels. Telegraphs are continually kept up from the Delaware Breakwaker. We will now take the visitor to the first permanent residence of Penn, and the first brick dwelling erected in the city. Proceeding up Second street to Chestnut street, we pass east on the north side, and arrive at a short thoroughfare consisting of large mercantile dwell- ings, and named Letitia street— originally called Letitia court, and named after a daughter of Penn. Upon the west side of this street, the visitor will see a low and old-fashioned edifice in marked con- trast with its modern and lofty surroundings ; this was PENN'S FIRST AMERICAN DWELLING. It is now an ordinary tavern and lager-beer house, styled the Wil- ^ liam Penn Hotel, No. 10 Letitia street. Over the sign is a portrait of William Penn, on each side of which is the date of its erection— "1682." Many errors have crept into print regarding tlie original Penn Mansion, but this is substantially correct. Conducting the visitor through Letitia street to Market street, we pass up to Second street, thence to Church street, and arrive at one of the most celebrated religious relics of America, viz : CHRIST CHURCH. This venerated structure was completed in 1753, having been twenty-six years in the course of erection and finish. It is erected on the site of the first church built by the followers 30 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION of Penn, in 1695, which, it is said, remained until the new building enclosed it, when the frame building was taken out piecemeal. Con- tains a chime of eiglit bells, the oldest and best in America ; thej^ were cast in London, England, in 1754, by Thomas Lester and Thomas Peck. They rang the peal for Independence in 1776 with the old State House Bell. These chimes are upheld by massive timbers, which are as sound as when put in over a century ago. CHRIST CHUKCH. Over this sacred pile the Eiglit Rev. Bishop White — the first American Bishop — presided. He was baptized here, and was con- nected with it sixty-four years. Here Benjamin Franklin was a pewholder from 1730 to 1790 ; Washington and family were wor- shipers from 1790 to 1797 ; the pews of both are still preserved. The illustrious La Fayette attended worship here in his first years in America, and also on his return in 1824. Queen Anne presented the Parish with several pieces of the communion plate, also books. for the library. The first General Convention met here in 1785, to frame the Constitution of the Church, and again in 1789, wlien they AKD PHILADELPHIA. 21 ratified and established the Book of Common Prayer, Administra- tion of the Sacrament, etc., and declared it to be the Liturgy of the Church. NEW MASONIC TEMPLE, K. E. CORNER OP BROAD AKD FILBERT STREETS. On Chestnut street above Seventh, stands what is now known as the old Masonic Temple, and which is the third Masonic structure erected upon that spot — the first was destroyed by fire, the second demolished to give place to the one now standing, which becoming too small for the purposes of the vastly increasing and powerful fra- 32 GUtDE O^ EXPOSif iON ternity, the still beautiful building was disposed of, and the pi'esent grand and gorgeous Temple erected, at a cost of |1, 540, 000. The building is 250 feet long, by 150 feet wide, in style of the Norman school, two stories and entresol, with pinnacles and towers — main tower, 240 feet from the base — foundation 31 feet below the level of the street. It is constructed of granite, every massive stone of which was dressed and prepared at the quarry at Quincy, Mass., in readi- ness to fit its place; and, like the first Masonic Temple, that of King Solomon, it was ''builded without noise." The corner-stone was laid June 24th, 1868, with appropriate Ma- sonic ceremonies; and was dedicated to the brethren of the order, September 26th, 1873, in the presence of the largest and grandest as- semblage of the order ever before collected in the Union. The interior has one Main hall, of Doric architecture, sweeping through from end to end, 250 feet long and 20 feet wide; on either side are the rooms set apart for the ofiicials of the Grand Lodge, fitted up in the most approved manner; on this floor, also, is the "Grand Banqueting Hall," of the composite order of architecture, with deco- rations of flowers, game and fruit; the room is 105 feet long, 42 feet wide, ceiling, 30 feet, with accommodations for seating 500 persons. Upon this floor there is one lodge -room, called the Oriental Hall, from its style of architecture; it will seat 200 persons; its decorations and furniture strictly accord with the Oriental style, as do all the dec- corations and furniture of all parts of the Temple conform to the style of architecture of the rooms in which they are placed. The heating and ventilating apparatus are wonders. The water is supplied from two sources, partly from the city, but the main supply is from a well beneath the tower, which is forced into four cedar tanks, of four thousand gallons capacity each, placed atdifierent parts of the build- ing. The principal floor is divided into lodge-rooms; that of the Grand Lodge, the largest; it is 105 feet long, 51 feet wide, ceiling, 50 feet high; will seat 800 persons; it is in pure Corinthian style. Grand Chapter Hall is 90 feet long, 50 feet wide and 50 feet high, and is in the Italian Renaissance style, and will seat 600 persons. The Commandery Rooms are situated in Eastern Entresol, above the principal floor, of Gothic architecture, and will seat 500 persons. The suite consists of the Asylum, Council Chamber, Banqueting Hall, Armory and Regalia Room; all are grandly magnificent. AND PHILADELPHtA. 33 « The remaining rooms are the Egyptian, Ionic and Norman Halls, with others >eaeh a marvel of beauty. James H. Windrim, Architect. THE ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS, BROAD AND CHERRY STREETS. This new Temple of Art is a magnificent structure, with its wide galleries, halls and niches, and its immense treasury of paintings, sculpture, models, statues, etc., by the first artists of Europe and America; including the best works by Benjamin West, Stuart Nagle, and Washington Allston, the late Thomas Sully of our city, etc., and the relics, cartes, impressions and fac-similes of Grecian and Roman antiquity, THE EASTERN PENITENTIARY, situated on the North side of Fairmount avenue, from Corinthian avenue, above Twentieth street, to Twenty-second street. The site is one of the most elevated, airy and healthy in Philadel- phia. It is one of the most solid, durable and extensive structures in the United States. The material with which the edifice is built is a greyish granite or gneiss, employed in large masses; every room is vaulted and fire-proof. The design and execution impart a grave, severe and awful character to the external aspect of this building. The effect which it produces on the imagination of every passing spectator, is peculiarly impressive, solemn and instructive. GIRARD COLLEGE, GiBARD Avenue, West op Nineteenth Street. Stephen Girard, the founder of this world-renowned charity, was ' a native of Bordeaux, in France. He immigrated to this city when a j^outh, and from the humble calling— junk dealer, 'tis said — he became a merchant ; built vessels ; opened a trade with nearly all parts of the world ; grew to be a millionaire ; indeed, the wealthiest man in the United States. Our city's greatest benefactor died in 1831, and bequeathed the greater portion of his wealth for th:^ erec- tion and maintenance of this stupendous charity — a free home and college for orphan boys of Philadelphia^ 24 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION The space upon wliicli the buildings are erected covers about 40 acres, enclosed by a large wall of capped stone. TMie principal structure within the college property represents a Grecian temple of white marble, supported by thirty-six marble columns, and is one of o o p X the most beautiful structures of the present day. It is located upon one of the highest points of ground in Philadelphia, east of the Schuylkill ; and from its grand roof built of marb'.e, and r'sing step by step from eaves to ridge, a most cnmmanding view of the city is obtained. MJD PHILADELPHIA. 25 THE PENN TREATY MONUMENT, at the corner of Beach and Hanover streets. On this spot, under the sheltering arms of the ''Old Elm Tree," William Penn made and ratified his famous treat}^ with the Indians, and with them smoked the calumet of peace ; of which lasting treaty, the sarcastic -French poet and philosopher, Voltaire, said, "the only treaty not ratified by an oath; and the only treaty that was never broken." The sacred and sturdy old elm was b^wn down in 1809, and a small obelisk now marks the spot. UNITED STATES MINT, NORTH SIDE OF CHESTNUT STREET, ABOVE THIRTEENTH STREET, ^6 ©UIDE OF EXl>OSl^riON first established by tlie Government in 1792. The original building used was on the N. E. corner Seventh and Commerce streets. Visitors admitted daily, from 9 a. m. to 12 m., and merely required to place their names within a book, kept for that purpose, and are escorted through the different apartments of interest in the estab- lishment, viewing all its various operations, which are clearly and cordially explained. OLD SWEDES' CHURCH, GLORIA DEL OLD swedes' church. This is a venerable relic of the early days of religious worship in our new world, when a church had to serve the purpose of a fortress, or place of refuge, as well as that of devotion and prayer. It was founded by the Swedes in 1677. It is the oldest church organization in the city, being five years prior to the landing of AVilliam Peiiii. The present brick building was completed and consecrated in the summer of 1700, and has been worshiped in continuously ever since. It contains many quaint and characteristic relics brought over by its founders for memorials and ornamentations. The world-renowned queen of song, Jenny Lind, the Swedish nightingale, worshiped here on her visits to Philadelphia, as did also the famed and gifted Neilson. The church is on Swanson street, below Christian street, looking towards Otsego street, from w^hich it is reached by passing through the cemetery. THE COUNTY OK MOYAMENSmG PRISOIST, TENTH AND REED STREETS. An edifice of the dark and grand castellated style of architecture of the middle ages. The parapet-towers and battlements remind the visitor of the Tudor times of mystery and romance. The prison is in marked contrast with that of the jail, or what was formerly a debtor's apartment, being a perfect copy of some of the old Egjqitian structures POST OFFICE, PHILADELPHIA. The central office (Chestnut street, below^ Fifth,) is kept open conti^nuously. Main-doors, open from 7.30 a. m. to 6.80 p. m. Kight-widows, open from 6.30 p. m. to 7.30 a. m. Sundays, open for box, carrier and general delivery, from 8.30 to 9.30 a. m., and from 2 to 3 p. m. Postage on letters (half ounce) to all parts of the United States and Canada, is three cents ; Postal Cards, one cent each ; newspapers not exceeding tw^o ounces in weight, one cent each— weighing more than two ounces, two cents each. Book- manuscript, pamphlets, merchandize, etc., one cent for every ounce or fraction, and limited to four pounds in weight. All packages must be done up so the contents can be examined. POSTAGE RATES UNDER GENERAL UNION TREATY. On and after July 1, 1875, uniform rates of postage will be levied and collected in the United States on correspondence to and from the whole extent of the General Postal Union, formed by the Treaty of Berne, embracing within its limits the following countries, viz. : Germany, Austria, Hungary, Belgium, Denmark (including Ice- land and the Faroe Islands), Egypt, Spain (including the Balearic Isles, the Canary Islands, the Spanish possessions on the northern 28 GUIDE OF EXI^OSITION coast of Africa, and the postal establishments of Spain upon tllG western coast of Morocco), Great Britain (including the Island of Malta), Greece, Italy, Luxemburg, Norway, the Netherlands, Port- ugal (including the Island of Maderia and the Azores), Roumania, Russia, (including the Grand Duchy of Finland), Servia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, France and Japan. These rates are as fol- lows, viz. : For prepaid letters, five cents per half ounce. For postal cards, two cents each. For newspapers, if not over four ounces in weight, two cents each. For books, other printed matter, patterns of mer- chandise, legal and commercial documents, pamphlets, music, visit- ing cards, photographs, catalogues, prospectuses, announcements and notices of various kinds, whether printed, engraved or litho- graphed, two cents per each weight of two ounces or fraction of two ounces. For the registration fee on all correspondence, ten cents. Newspapers and other printed papers unpaid, or insufficiently pre- paid, cannot be forwarded. Other articles when unpaid, or insuf- ficientl}^ paid, will be charged as unpaid letters, after deducting the value of the stamped envelopes or postage stamps employed. The maximum weight for patterns of merchandise is fixed at eight and three-quarter ounces, and the maximum weight of other articles (except letters) is two pounds three ounces. Books, newspapers, printed papers and other similar articles must be placed under bands, or in an envelope open or simply folded, so as to admit of their being easily examined. Patterns of merchandise will only be admitted to the benefits of the reduced postage extended to them by the treaty under the fol- lowing condition : — They must be placed in bags, boxes or envelopes, removable, so as to admit of an easy examination. Money orders isssued to all parts of the United States, Canada, England, Ireland, Scotland, German Empire and Switzerland. ADVERTISED LETTERS. Letters returned by carriers are advertised within three days. Letters merely addressed to the Post Office, are advertised one week after being received. Persons calling for advertised letters must be particular in giving the date of the list in which they are inserted. All advertised letters not claimed within thirty days, are sent to the Dead Letter Office. Letters addressed to initials or fictitious names, are treated as dead matter. AND PHILADELPHIA. 29 NOMENCLATURE OF ARRANGEMENTS OF THE STREETS OF PHILADELPHIA. Oar streets, as originally named by William Peun, were numeri- cal and pomological— the pomological, running from east to west ; the numerical, from north to south ; but at present they include every form of nomenclature, the historical, the geographical, the natural, the mineral, the classical, etc. We here give their order and the admirable manner in which the dwellings are numbered. The streets of Philadelphia are laid out at right angles, and are numbered from Market street, north and south, and westward from the Delaw-are river. Thus, the first house below Market street, on the west side, is numbered 2 (west side takes even numbers, and east side, odd) and so on, regularly, until Chestnut street is reached ; and al- though the first house north of Chestnut street may be numbered but 54, the first house south of Chestnut street is numbered 100. Beginning at the Delaware river, the streets running westward from the river are numbered in like manner — the even numbers be- ing on the soutli side. At Third street anywhere in the city, the first house west is numbered 300 ; at Eighth street, 800 ; Broad street is numerically 1400 ; and so on, up to Cobb's creek, the western boundary line between Philadelphia City and Delaware county. The streets north and south of Market street, are thus numbered : No. 1 Market, — Filbert, — Commerce, — Church, 100 Arch, — Cherry, 200 Race, — Branch, — New, aOO Vine, — Wood, 400 Callowhill, — Margaretta, — Willow, — Noble, 500 Buttonwood, — Spring Garden, 000 Green, North. No. 1 Market, — Jayne, — Merchant, — Minor, 100 Chestnut, — Sansom, — Libra r}^, 200 Walnut, — Dock, — Locust, 300 Spruce, — Union, 400 Pine, 500 Lombard, — Gaskill, 600 South, 700 Bainbridge, — Monroe, South. 30 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION No. North. No. South. — Mt. Vernon, — Fitzwater, — Wallace, — German, — Melon, 800 Catharine, 700 Fairmount Ave., — Queen, Olive, 900 Christian, 800 Brown, — Marriott, — Parish, 1000 Carpenter, — Ogden, 1100 Washington Avenue, 900 Poplar, — Ellsworth, — Laurel, 1200 Federal, — Beaver, — Marion, — George, 1300 Wharton, . 1200 Girard Avenue, 1400 Reed, — Stiles, 1500 Dickerson, 1800 Thompson, — Greenwich, — Seybert, 1600 Tasker, 1400 Master, 1700 Morris, 1500 Jefferson, — Pierce, 1600 Oxford, 1800 Moore, 1700 Columbia Avenue, — Sieael, 1800 Montgomery Avenue, 1900 Mifflin, 1900 Berks, 2000 McKean, 2000 Norris, 2100 Snyder, Otis, 2200 Jackson, 2100 Diamond, 2300 Wolf, 2200 Susquehanna, 2400 Ritner, 2300 Dauphin, 2500 Porter, 2400 York, 2600 Shunk, 2500 Cumberland, 2700 Oregon Avenue, 2600 Huntington, 2800 Johnson, 2700 Lehigh Avenue, 2900 Bigler, 2800 Somerset, 3000 Pollock, 2900 Cambria, 3100 Packer, 3000 Indiana, 3200 Curtin, 3100 Clearfield, 3300 Geary, 3200 Allegheny, 3400 Hartranft. . BANKS IN PHILADELPHIA. Open daily, except Sundays and Legal Holidays from 10 A. M to 3 P. M. Bank Clearing House, 429 Chestnut street. Bank of America, * 306 Walnut street. Bank of North America, 307 Chestnut street. Centennial National Bank, 3126 Market stree'. Central National Bank, 109 South Fourth street. State EanlvS. AND PHILADELPHIA. 31 City National Bank, 32 Nortli Sixth street. Commercial National Bank of Pennsylvania, 314 Chestnut street. Commonwealth National, 400 Chestnut street. Consolidation National, 331 North Third street. Corn Exchange National, Second and Chestnut streets, Eight National, Second and Girard avenue. Farmers' and Mechanics' National, 427 Chestnut street. FIRST NATIONAL, 315 Chestnut street. First National, Camden, N. J., 203 Chestnut street. Girard National, Third below Chestnut street. Kensington National Bank, 969 Beach street. Keystone National Bank, 1326 Chestnut street. Merchants' Exchange Bank,* Third and Dock streets. Manayunk Bank,* 4371 Main street. Manufacturers' National, 27 North Third street. Mechanics' National, 22 South Third street. National Bank of Northern Liberties, Third and Vine streets. National Bank of the Republic, 320 Chestnut street. National Bank of Commerce, 209 Chestnut street. National of Cermantown, 4800 CermantOAvn avenue. National Security, 701 Girard avenue. National State, Camden, N. J., 212 Church street, Penn National, Sixth and Vine streets. Peoples' Bank,* 435 Chestnut street. Philadelphia National, 421 Chestnut street. Second National, 4434 Frankford avenue. Seventh National, Fourth and Market streets. Shackamaxon Bank,* 1737 Frankford avenue. Sixth National, Second and Pine streets. Southwark National, 610 South Second street. Spring Garden,* Ridge avenue and Spring Garden street. Third National, 1428 Market street. Tradesman's National, 111 South Third street. Twenty-second Ward Bank of Germantown,* 4850 Germantown avc. Union Banking Company,* 310 Chestnut "street. Union National, Third and Arch streets. United States Banking Company,* Tenth and Cliesinut slroLMs. West Philadelphia,* 3938 Market street. Western National, 406 Chestnut street. =i= .State Braik.v. 32 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION HACKNEY CARRIAGE FARES. Tlie rates of fare, except when otherwise expressly agreed upon before starting, are as follows : One passenger, with trunk, valise, or box, not exceeding 100 pounds in weight, distance not exceeding one mile, 75 cents ; two passengers, $1.25, and for each additional trunk or valise 10 cents extra; additional passenger 25 cents. Dis- tance over a mile, and not more than two miles, $1.25; each addi- tional passenger, 25 cents. If the distance be more than two miles, for each additional mile or fractional part of a mile, 50 cents in addition to the $1.25 for the first two miles ; for each additional passenger 50 cents. When engaged by the hour for shopping, or going from place to place, and stopping as often as may be required, $1.50 per hour, for one or two passengers, and for each additional passenger 25 cents. Where the hiring of a hackney-carriage or carriages is not at the time specified to be by the hour, it shall be deemed to be by the mile; but in case the distance shall be more than four miles, the rate to be charged for each additional mile shall be fifteen cents for each pas- senger, as herein provided. Whenever any hackney-carriage or carriages, not engaged by tlie hour, shall be detained by the passenger or passengers, the owner or owners, or driver, shall be allowed at the rate of seventy-five cents per hour, in addition to the rates hereby established. For children between five and fourteen years of age half price only is charged, and for children under five years of age no charge is to be made, if not more than one such child to two adults. Twelve squares are a legal mile. In case of dispute appeal to the Mayor or the Chief of Police, corner of Fifth and Chestnut streets. HOW TO REACH THE RAILROAD DEPOTS. All cars running east and west, exchange tickets (except the Union and Ridge Avenue lines) with those running north and south, and mce versa, so that for nine cents you can connect with the line going direct to the depot. • PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD DEPOT. Located at Thirty -second and Market streets, reached direct by the Market street car going west ; with an exchange ticket, it can be reached from any part of the city by taking a car going north or south, (except the Union Line) connecting with the Market street car. AND PHILADELPHIA. 33 KENSINGTON DEPO.T. Located at Front and Berks streets, reached direct by the Fifth and Sixth street car, going out Fifth street, and by the white car of the Second and Third street line, going out Third street, and by the Rich- mond branch of the Union line, going out Ninth street to within one square of it. All other branches of the Union line give passes for this branch for one fare. NORTH FENN DEPOT. Located at Berks and American streets ; reached direct by the Fifth and Sixth street car, going out Fifth street ; and by the green car of the Second and Third street line, going out Third street. PHILADELPHIA AND READING DEPOT. Located at Thirteenth and Callowhill streets ; the Callowhill street line going east and west runs past this depot, as also does the Thir- teenth street car of the Thirteenth and Fifteenth street line. fpHILADELPHIA, WILMINGTON, AND BALTIMORE DEPOT. Located at Broad street and Washington avenue ; reached direct by the Thirteenth street car, of the Thirteenth and Fifteenth street line, and by the Richmond branch of the Union line, going down , Seventh street (all other branches of the Union line give passes for this branch for one fare). GERMANTOWN DEPOT, Located at Ninth and Green streets ; reached by the two lines running out Eighth street to Green, and the Union line, going out Ninth street to Spring Garden street. WEST JERSEY DEPOT. Located in Camden, New Jersey. The upper Market street ferry boats carry passengers to it. The Market street and Union lines run to Front and Market streets. This is the railroad that runs to Cape May. CAMDEN AND ATLANTIC DEPOT. Foot of Vine street wharf. Race and Vine street cars take you to Second and Vine streets ; as does also the Second and Third street line. This railroad runs to Atlantic Citj. WEST CHESTER AND PHILADELPHIA DEPOT. Located at Thirty-first and Chestnut streets ; reached direct by the Chestnut and Walnut street car going out Walnut to Twenty-second street, and thence to Chestnut street, 34 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION OP THE , S. CENTER IjlL COMMISS ■ 00^3S> PRESIDENT, JOSEPH R. HAWLEY, Connecticut. VIOE-PRBSJ DENTS, ORESTES CLEVELxiND, THOMAS H. COLD WELL, JOHN D. CREIGli, JOHN McNEIL, ROBERT LOWRY, WILLIAM GURNEY. DIKEOTOll GENEKAX,, ALFRED T. GOSHORN, Ohio. SE(mETARY. JOHN L. CAMPBELL, Indiana. A SSTST AN T SECRETA RI KS, MYER ASCH, DORSEY GARDNER. COUNSELOR AND SOLiICITOR, JOHN L. SHOEMAKER, Esq., Pliiladelpliia. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. Daniel J. Morrbll, Chairman, Pa. Alfred T. Goshorn, Ohio, N. M. Beckwitu, New York, Alex. R. Boteler, A¥. Virginia, IvicHAED C. McCoRMiOK, Arizona, .Iohn.Lynch, Loiiisia\in, C^HARLES p. Kimball, Maine, Sam'l F. Phillips, North Carolina, Geo. B. Loring, Massachusetts, Fred'k L. Matthews, Illinois, Wm. Phipps Blake, Connecticut, J. T. Bernard, Florida, James E. Dexter, Dist. of Columbia, .1. R. Hawley, President, ex officio. AND PHILADELPHIA 35 CHIEFS OF BUREAUS. FOREIGN : dikectok genekal. Direction of the foreign representation, MYER ASCH. INSTALLATION : Classification of applications for space — allotment of space in Main Building — supervision of special structures, HENRY PETTIT. TRANSPORTATION : Foreign transportation for goods and visitors — transportation for goods and visitors in the United States — ^local transportation — Avarehousing and cus- toms resolutions, DOLPHUS TORREY MACHINERY : Superintendence of the Machinery Department and building, including allotment of space to Exhib- itors, JOHN S. ALBERT. AGRICULTURE : Superintendence of the Agricultural Department, building, and grounds, including allotment of si)ace to Exhibitors, BURNET LANDRETH. HORTICULTURE : Superintendence of Horticultural Department, Con- servatory and grounds, including allotment of space to Exhibitors, CHARLES H. MILLER. FINE ARTS : Superintendence of the Fine Art Department and building, including allotment of space to Exhib- itors, JOHN SARTAIN. U. S. GOVERNMENT BOARD. WAR DEPARTMEXT— ORDNANCE BUREAU. Col. S. C. LYFORD, Chairman. treasury department. Hon. R. W. TAYLER, First Controller of the Treasury. NAVY DEPARTMENT. ADM'i. THORNTON A. .JENKINS, [T. R. Navy. INTERIOR DEPARTMENT. Hon. JOHN EATON, Commissioner of Education. POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT. Dr. CHAS. F. McDONAf.D, Chief of Money Order Department AGRICULTURAIi DEPARTMENT. WM. SAUNDERS, Superintendent of Propagating Garden. smithsonian institution. Prof. S. F. BAIRD, Assistant Secretary of the Smith- sonian Institution and U. S". Fishery Commissioner. WM. A. DeCAINDRY, Secretary. B6 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION THE ENTENNIjlL OF FiNAN PI? UL. INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. 1876. Prbsikent, JOHN WELSH, PhiladelpViia. Vice-Presidents, WILLIAM SELLERS, Philadelphia. JOHN S. BARBOUR, Virginia. Secretary and Treasurer, FREDERICK FRALEY, Philadelphia. Auditor, HENRY S. LANSING. Financial, Agent, Hon. WM. BIGLER. Directors. Samuel M. Felton, Daniel M, Fox, Thomas Cochran, Clement M. Biddle, N. Parker Shortridgb, James M. Robb, Edward T. Steel, John Wanamakbr, John Price Wetherill, Henry Winsor, Henry Lewis, Amos R. Little, John Baird, of Philadelphia; Thomas H. Dudley, of New Jersey; A. S. Hewitt, of New York ; John Cummings, of Massachusetts; John Gorham, of Rhode Island : Charles W. Cooper, and William Bigler, of Pennsylvania; Robert M. Patton, of Ala- bama; J. M. Drake, of Illinois; George Bain, of Missouri, The Buildiijg Conjnjittee of tlje Exljibitioij Buildings. THOMAS COCHRAN, Chairman. JOHN BAIPID, CLEMENT M. BIDDLE, WM. SELLERS, SAMUEL M. FELTON, JAMES M. ROBB. The Centenijial Bureau of Reveijue. John Wanamaker, Chair'n, Phila. Wm. Bigler, Fin. Ag't, Penn'a. Edmund T. Steel, Philadelphia. Amos R. Little, " Clement M. Piddle, " Daniel M. Fox, " James M. Robb, Philadelphia. John Baird, " Thos. H. Dudley, New Jersey. John Cummings, Massachusetts. William L. Strong, New York. George Bain, Missouri. C. B. Norton, Secretary. AIS'D PHILADELPHIA. 37 THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, FAIRMOUNT PARK, PHILADELPHIA. The International Exhibition op 1876 originated in an x^ct of the Congress of the United States, passed March 3d, 1871. This Act recited that the Declaration of Independence, which gave exist- ence to the United States of America, was prepared, signed, and pro - mulgated in the city of Philadelphia ; and that it behooved the people of the United States to celebrate, by appropriate ceremonies, at its birthplace, the Centennial Anniversary of this memorial and decisive event ; and it was deemed fitting, by the Congress, that the manner of its celebration should be an exhibition of the natural resources of the country and their development, and of its progress in those arts which benefit mankind in comparison with those of older nations. They therefore decreed that an exhibition of American and foreign arts, products, and Manufactures should be held, under the auspices of the Government of the United States, in the city of Philadelphia, in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six. For the convenience of foreign exhibitors, the following act, June 28, 1874, in relation to duties, was passed by Congress: — All articles which shall be imported for the sole purpose of exhibition at the In- ternational Exhibition, to be held in the City of Philadelphia, in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six, shall be admitted without the payment of duty or of customs fees, or charges, under such regu- lations as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe ; Proinded, That all such articles as shall be sold in the United States or with- drawn for consumption therein, at any time after such importation, shall be subject to the duties, if any, imposed on like articles by the revenue laws in force at the date of importation ; And provided further. That in case any articles imported under the provisions of this act shall be withdrawn for consumption or shall be sold Avithout payment of duty, as required by law, all the penalties prescribed 1\y the revenue laws shall be applied and enforced against such articles and against the persons who may be guilty of such withdrawal or sale. 38 GUIDE OP EXPOSITION Exhibition Opens May 10th and Closes November 10th, 1876 The Exhibition buildings are located in Fairmount Park, which adjoins the built-up portions of Philadelphia on the north-western border. They are situated on some of the most beautiful spots on the western banks of the Schuylkill river, groves of stately trees sur- rounding them, splendid views of river and landscape being afforded. These buildings stand from 113 feet to 120 above the highest tide- water level in the Delaware river, and fully that height above the Schuylkill. Girard avenue, one of the chief streets of Philadelphia, leads di- rectly from the city to the entrance of the Main Exhibition Building. This is a broad highway 100 feet in width, crossing the Schuylkill river upon the magnificent iron bridge seen in the background of the frontispiece. The reservation of ground, exclusively for exhibition purposes, embraces 236 acres, in addition to which there are other enclosures for the display of live stock. The buildings are located mainly in a group, separated by convenient distances. From the summit of George's Hill — where they are seen to great advantage, extends the Machineiy Hall, and beyond, the long glass and iron walls of the Main Exhibition Building — together nearly four thousand feet in an almost continuous line. South of the Machinery Hall is the struc- ture for the officers of the Board of Finance. Intermediate between the two great buildings will be the jury-rooms of the Commission. Northward and mid-way of the great Exhibition Building, stands tlie National Memorial, in which will be placed the art exhibits of the exhibition; its granite walls crowned with its iron dome and colossal figure of Columbia. Northward still, and beyond, a ravine shadowed by lofty firest trees, bold and clear in the sunlight, the Conservatory rises, overlooking the green meadows and the Schuyl- kill river. Still beyond, and separated by a second ravine, near a AND PHILADELPHIA. 39 grove of cedars, in harmonj'- with its Gothic character, is located the building for Agriculture. The space lying between the Machinery Hall, the Conservatory and the foot of the hill is laid out as the gar- den of the Exhibition. This garden displays in its arrangement two leading features, the first an avenue — Fountain avenue — extending from the Conservatory to the foot of the hill, intersected by a Park drive — Belmont avenue. The four blocks or angles formed by this intersection are arranged as follows: the block embraced by the hill, Belmont avenue and Fountain avenue, is occupied by the buildings for the various States— the British and other buildings for Foreign Commissioners and the United States Government. The block bounded by Fountain avenue and Machineiy Hall displays as its dis- tinctive feature an artificial lake. Beyond the Park drive on the north side of Fountain avenue is erected the building for the Wo- men's Department, and south of Fountain avenue, and east of Bel- mont avenue, the building of the Japanese Commission. The statu- ary for the National Demonstration has two leading features here, the Centennial fountain, on Fountain avenue near the foot of the hill, and the Columbus Monument near the intersection of Fountain and Belmont avenues. The Centennial Fountain is the centre of a radius of avenues, the principal two of which are the Fountain ave- nue and avenue of the Republic, extending along the north side of the Main Exhibition Building and Machinery Hall to the Art Gallery. The articles to be exhibited have been classified in seven depart- ments, which, for the most part, are located in appropriate buildings, whose several areas are as folio w^s: ACKES DEPARTMENTS. BITILDIIirGS. COVEKED. 1. Mining and Metallurgy • • . ) 2. Manufactures I- Main Building 213^ .3. Education and Science . . . ) 4. Art Art Gallery IJ^ 5. Machinery Machinery Building 14 (i Agriculture Agricultural Building .... 10% 7. Horticulture Horticultural Building .... 114 Total 48% In addition to the 48f acres covered by the five principal build- ings, there will be other l)uildings, covering about 26 acres, thus making a total of about 75 acres; 25 acres more tliau w'ere at Vienna — the largest International Exhibition yet held. 40 ■ GUIDE OF EXPOSITION THE MAIN EXHIBITION BUILDING. This immense structure is located east of the intersection of Bel- o 'A M P M P o M I— I w g mont and Elm Avenues, on the great Lansdowne Plateau. It will stand 170 feet hack from the north side of Elm Avenue. The Building is in the form of a parallelogram, extending east and west 1880 feet in length, and north and south 464 feet in width. The AIN'D PHILADELPHIA. 41 larger portion of the structure is oue story in lieiglit, and shows the main cornice upon tlie outside at 45 feet above the ground, the inte- rior height being 70 feet. At the centre of tlie longer sides are pro- jections 416 feet in length and in the centre of the shorter sides are projections 216 feet in length. In these projections are located the Main Entrances, which are provided with arcades upon the ground floor ; and central facades extending to the height of 90 feet. The East Entrance will form the principal approach for carriages. The South Entrance will be the principal approach from street cars. The Main Portal on the north side communicates directly wdth the Art Gallery ; and the Main Portal, on the west side, gives the main passageway to the Machinery and Agricultural Halls. Upon the corners of the building there are four tow^ers 75 feet in lieighth. In order to obtain a central feature for the Building as a whole, the roof over the central part for 184 feet square, has been raised above the surrounding portion, and four towers 48 feet square rising to 120 feet in height, have been introduced at the corners of the elevated roof The areas covered are as follows : — Ground floor, 872,820 square feet ; 20.02 acres. Upper floors in projections, 37,344 square feet ; .85 acres. Upper floors in Towers, 25,344 square feet ; ,60 acres. Total, 936,008 square feet ; 21.47 acres. The general arrangement ot the ground plan show^s a central avenue 120 feet in wddth, and extending 1,832 feet in length. This is the longest avenue of that width ever introduced into an Exhibi- tion building. On either side there is an avenue 100 feet by 1,832 feet in length. Betw^een the central and side avenues are aisles 48 feet wide, and on the other sides of the building smaller aisles 24 feet wide. In order' to break the great length of the roof lines, three cross avenues or transepts have been introduced of the same width, and in the same relative positions to each other as the avenues running lengthwise, viz : a central transept 120 feet in width by 416 feet in length, with one on either side of 100 feet by 416 feet, and aisles between of 48 feet. The intersections of these avenues and tran- septs in the central portion of the building result in dividing the ground floor into nine open spaces free from supporting columns, and covering in the aggregate an area of 416 square feet. Four of these spaces are 100 feet square, four 150 feet by 120 feet, and the central space or pavilion 120 feet square. The intersections of the 42 GTJIDE OF EXPOSITION 48 feet aisles produce four interior courts 48 feet square, one at each corner of the central space. The main promenades through the nave and central transept, are each 30 feet in width, and those through the centre of the side avenues and transepts 15 feet each . All other walks are 10 feet wide and lead at either end to exit doors. The foundation consists of piers of masonry. The superstructure is composed of wrought iron columns, which support wrought iron roof trusses. Lengthwise of the building the columns are spaced at the uniform distance apart of 24 feet. In the entire structure there are 672 columns, the shortest being 23 feet and longest 125 feet in length. Their aggre- gate weight is 2,200,000 pounds. The roof trusses consist of straight rafters with struts and tie-bars. The aggregate weight of iron in the roof trusses and girders is 5,000,000 pounds. The sides of the building, for the height oi seven feet, from the ground are finished with brick-work in panels between the columns, and above the seven feet, with glazed sash. THE MEMORIAL HALL OR ART GALLERY, Is 365 feet in length, 210 feet in width, and 59 feet in height, over a spacious basement 12 feet in height, the whole surmounted by a dome. The materials are Granite, Glass and Iron. No wood is used in the construction, and the building will be thoroughly fire- proof. The foundations take 7000 perches of stone; the flooring is of marble tile, requiring 75,000 square feet. The Main front looks southward ; it displays three distinctive features : First. A main entrance in the centre, consisting of three colossal arched doorways of equal dimensions. Second. A pavilion at each end. Third. Two arcades connecting the pavilions with the centre ; central section, 95 feet long, 75 feet high; pavilions, 45 feet long, 60 feet high; arcades, each 90 feet long, 40 feet high. The front, or south face of the central section, displays a rise of thirteen steps to the entrance, 70 feet Avide. The entrance is by three arch door ways, each 40 feet higli, 15 feet wide, opening into a hall. Between the arches of the doorways are clusters of columns terminating in emblematic designs, illustrative of Science and Art. The doors which are of iron, are relieved by bronze pan- els, having the coat-of-arms of all tiie States and Territories. In the centre of the main frieze is the United States coat-of-arms. The main cornice is surmounted by a balustrade with candelabrums; AND PHILADELPHIA. 43 at either end is an allegorical figure, representing Science and Art. The dome rises from the centre of the structure to the height of 150 feet from the ground. It is of glass and iron, and of a unique design ; it terminates in a colossal bell ; from this the tigure of Co- kunbia rises wilh protecting hands. A figure of colossal size also stands at eaoli corner of the base of the dome. These figures typify 44 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION the four quarters of the globe. The PuviUons— Each Pavihon dis- plays a window 30 feet high and 12 feet wide ; it is also ornamented with tile work, wreaths of oak and laurel, 18 stars in the frieze, and a colossal eagle at each of the four corners. The arcades each consist of five groined arches — these arcades form promenades looking outward over the grounds, and inward over the gardens, which extend back to the main wall of the build- ing. These garden plats are each 90 feet long and 36 feet deep, or- namented in the centre with fountains and designed for the display of statuary. A stairway from the gardens reaches the upper line of these arcades, forming a second . promenade 35 feet above the ground. Its balustrade is ornamented with vases, and is designed ultimately for statuary. The walls of the east and west sides of the structure display the pavilions and the walls of the picture galleries, and are relieved by five niches designed for statues. The rear or north front is of the same general character as the main front, but in place of the arcade is a series of arched windows, twelve in number, with an entrance in the centre ; in all, thirteen openings above, in an unbroken line, extending the entire length of the structure ; between the pavilions is the grand balcony — a prome- nade 375 feet long and 45 feet wide, and elevated 40 feet above the ground. The main entrance opens on a hall 83 feel long, 60 feet wide, and 53 feet high; on the farther side of this hall, three doorways each 16 feet wide and 35 feet high, open into the centre hall; this hall is 83 feet square, the ceiling of the dome rising over it 80 feet in height. From its east and west sides extend the galleries, each 98 feet long, 84 feet wide and 35 feet in height. The centre hall and galleries form one grand hall 387 feet long and 85 feet wide, capable of hold- ing eight thousand persons. From the two galleries, doorways open into two smaller galleries, 38 feet wide and 89 feet long. These open north and south into private apartments which connect with the pavilion rooms, forming two side galleries 310 feet long. Along the whole length of the north side of the main galleries and central hall extends a corridor 14 feet wide, which opens on its north line into a series of private rooms, thirteen in number, designed for studios and smaller exhibition rooms. And rHiLADELpiiiA. 45 All tlic galleries iiud central hall ave lighted fronl ahove ; the pavilions and studios are lighted from the sides. MACHINERY HALL, Is located west of the intersection of Belmont and Elm Avenues, at a distance of 542 feet from the west front of the Main Exhibition Building, and 374 feet from the north side of Elm Avenue. The 4B (StJlDia OF EXPOSITION" north front of the Building will be upon the same line as that of the Main Exhibition Building, thus presenting a frontage of 3,834 feet from the east to the west ends of the Exhibition Buildings upon the I principal avenue within the grounds. The building consists of the Main Hall, 360 feet wide by 1,402 feet j long, and an annex on the south side of 208 feet by 210 feet. The en- tire area covered by the Main Hall and annex is 558,' 440 square feet, or 12.82 acres. Including the upper floors the building provides 14 acres of floor space. The principal portion of the structure is one story in height, show- ing the main cornice upon the outside at 40 feet from the ground, the interior height to the top of the ventilators in the avenues being 70 feet, and in the aisles 40 feet. To break the long lines upon the exterior projections have been introduced upon the four sides, and the main entrances finished with facades, extending to 78 feet in height. The arrangement of the ground plan shows two main avenues 90 feet wide by 1, 360 feet long, with a central aisle between, and an aisle on either side. Each aisle is 60 feet in width; at the centre of the building is a transept of 90 feet in width, which at the south end is prolonged beyond the Main Hall. This transept, beginning at 36 feet from the Main Hall and extending 208 feet, is flanked on either side by aisles of 60 feet in width, and forms the annex for hydraulic machines. The promenades in the avenues are 15 feet in width; in the transept 25 feet, and in the aisles 10 feet. All other walks ex- tending across the building are 10 feet in width, and lead at either end to exit doors. The foundation consists of piers of masonry. The superstructure consists of solid timber columns supporting roof trusses, constructed with straight wooden principals and wrought iron ties and struts. As a general rule the columns are placed lengthwise of the building, at the uniform distance apart of 16 feet. The columns are 40 feet high to the heel block of the 90 feet span roof trusses over the avenues, and they support the heel of the 60 feet spans over the aisles at the height of 20 leet. The outer walls are built of masonry to a height of 5 feet, and above that are composed of glazed sash placed between the columns. Portions of the sash are movable for ventilation. The building will be lighted entirely by side lights, and stands lengthwise nearly east and west. The building admits of the most complete system of shafting, the facilities in this respect being very superior. Eight main lines may be introduced, extending almost the entire length of the structure, and counter-shafts introduced into the aisles at any point. The hangers will be attached either to the wooden horizontal ties of the 00 feet span roof trusses, or to brackets especially designed for the purpose, projecting from the columns, in either case at tlie height of 20 feet from the floor. The annex for liydraulic machines contains a tank 60 feet by 160 feet, with depth of water of 10 feet. In connection with this it is ex- pected that hydraulic machinery will be exhibited in full operation. At the south end of this tank is a waterfall 35 feet high by 40 feet wide supplied from the tank by the pumps upon exhibition. HORTICULTURAL BUILDINGl. Tlie City of Philadelphia made a liberal grant of money to pro- vide for the Horticultural Department of the Exhibition, an ex- tremely ornate and commodious building, which is designed to re- main in permanence as an ornament of Fairmount Park. This structure is located on a terrace bordering the Schuylkill river, a short distance north of Memorial Hall, and has a commanding view of the Schuylkill river valley and the northwestern portions of Phil- adelphia. Romantic ravines running down to the river are on either side, separating it on the south from Memorial Hall, and on the north from Agricultural Building. These ravines are spanned by ornamental bridges 500 feet long and 60 feet wide, for convenience of access. Carriage-roads, a railway, and foot-walks, pass over them. The design is in the Moresque style of architecture of the twelfth century, the principal materials externally being iron and glass. The length of the building is 383 feet; width, 193 feet, and height to the top of the lantern, 72 feet. The main floor is occupied by the central conservatory, 230 by 80 feet, and 55 feet high, surmounted by a lantern, 170 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 14 feet high. Running entirely around this conservatory, at a height of 20 feet from the floor, is a gallery 5 feet wide . On the north and south sides of this principal room are 4 forcing houses for the propagation of young plants, each of them 100 by 30 feet, covered with curved roofs of iron and glass. Dividing the two forcing houses in each of these sides is a vestibule 30 feet square. At the centre of the east and 48 (iVhm OF EXPOSITION west ends are similar vestibules, on either side ol' wliieli are the res- taurants, reception room, offices, &c. From the vestibules orna- mental stairways lead to the internal galleries of the conservatory, as well as to the four external galleries, each 100 feet long and 10 feet wide, which surmount the roofs of the forcing houses. These AifD PHILADELPHIA. 49 external galleries are connected with a grand promenade, formed by the roofs of the rooms on the ground floor, which has a superficial area of 1,800 square yards. The east and west entrances are approached hy flights of blue mar- ble steps from terraces 80 by 90 feet, in the centre of each of which stands an open kiosque 20 feet in diameier. The angles of the main conservatory are adorned with ornamental fountains. In the basement, which is of fire proof construction, are the kitchen, store-rooms, coal-houses, ash-pits, heating arrangements, &c. This building is to remain in permanence as an ornament to Fair- mount Park. AGRICULTURAL BUILDING. This structure stands north of the Horticultural Building, and on the eastern side of Belmont avenue. It illustrates a novel combina- tion of materials. Its materials are wood and glass. It consists of a long nave crossed by three transepts, both nave and transept being composed of Howe truss arches of a Gothic form. The nave is 820 feet in length by 125 feet in width, with a height of 75 feet from the floor to the point of the arch. The central transept is of the same height, and a breadth of 100 feet, the two end transepts 70 feet high and 80 feet wide. The four courts enclosed between the nave and transepts, and also the four spaces at the corners of the building, having the nave and end transepts for two of their sides, will be roofed and form valuable spaces for exhibits. Thus the ground plan of the building will be a parallelogram of 540 by 820 feet, covering a space of above ten acres. In its immediate vicinity will be found the stock yards for the exhi- bition of horses, cattle, sheep, swine, poultry, &c. Besides the Exhibition Buildings proper, pavilions and various ornamental and useful structures will be erected within the Exhibi- tion grounds by manufacturers and foreign governments. A number of fountains, memorial statues and other decorative objects are in preparation, under the auspices of local organizations. These ad- juncts will add essentially to the attractions of the Park. Having thus noted the five principal buildings of the Exhibition proper, it will be convenient to return to the main extrance to the grounds. On either side of the entrance is a building containing some twenty -five rooms each, which are devoted to the use of the executive officers, tliose of the custom-house, police, telegraph 50 operators, etc. GUIDE OF EXPOSITION Facing the entrance, and on the boulevard -which runs at the back of the Main and front of Machinery Buildings, is the JURY PAVILION, an ornate two-story structure. The dimensions are 152 by 115 feet, with exclusive porch 6 by 9 feet. Airiving through a spacious AND PHILADELPHIA. 51 vestibule, a large hall 60 by 80 feet, and 43 feet liigli, where floor space is proposed for the assembly of all the judges at their principal sittings. To the rear, is a smaller hall, 25 by 60 feet, and 25 feet d o '^^v IIIH ''I high, for a smaller assembly. In front, on same floor, are four rooms for officers, two stairs leading up to second floor, where a ten feet wide gallery surrounds the lar^e ball on three sides for specta- 6S GUIDfi o*' texPosiTiOis tors. In front, on the same floor, is a large liall 33 by 60 feet for assembly of committee members. Ladies' and gentlemen's toilet rooms are placed in convenient points, provided with all necessaries thereto. The building cost $B0,000. Architect — H. J. Schwarz- mann. We give the rules adopted by the Commission in relation to judges and awards : FiEST — Awards will be based upon written reports attested by the signatures of their authors. Second — Two hundred judges shall be appointed to make such reports, one-half of whom shall be foreigners and one-half citizens of the United States. They will be selected for their known qualifi- cations and character, and will be experts in departments to which they will be respectively assigned. The foreign members of this body will be appointed by the Commission of each country, and in conformity with the distribution and allotment to each, which will be hereafter announced. The judges from the United States will be appointed by the Centennial Commission. Third — The sum of $1,000 will be paid to each commissioned judge for personal expenses. Fourth — Keports and awards shall be based upon merit. The elements of merit shall be held to include consideration relating to originality, invention, discovery, utility, quality, skill, workman- ship, fitness for the purposes intended, adaptation to public wants, economy and cost. Fifth — Each report will be delivered to the Centennial Commis- sion as soon as completed for final award and distribution. Sixth — Awards will be finally decreed by the United States Cen- tennial Commission, in compliance with the act of Congress, and will consist of a diploma with a uniform bronze medal, and a special report of the judges on the subject of award. Seventh — Each exhibitor will have the right to reproduce and publish the report awarded to him, but the United States Centennial Commission reserves the right to publish and dispose of all reports in the manner it thinks best for public information, and also to embody and distribute the reports as records of the Exhibition. » AND PHILADELPHIA. WOMEN'S PAVILION. 53 On Belmont avenue, nearly oppoaL'je Ilia X^BOver^meai/ BwfldiiJi^ is| thb building wl2iclL»aoeDiiu>"!o>■ !^ This elegant pavilion covers an area of 30,000 square feet ; it ex- hibits a nave and a transept, each 192 feet long and 64 feet wide, ter- minating in porches 8 by 32 feet. Four pavilions, each 48 feet square, occupy the angles formed by the nave and transept. The centre of 54: ftUIDE or EXPOSITION i the structure rises 25 feet above the exterior portions, and terminates with a cupola and lantern, 90 feet from the ground. The entire su|)eYSfH!ibtilpeir8st»oi>X.he exterior walls and four interior support- Tff|t6fe.laiaMkii;[ITtt(^ iw.,ftCT]^ 'i^V;^'Vw^^^^ rooffldi:|qy.er 4iy segmental trusses: ■ Tt. ciiJuteiiMip'iiiBaJtldiitidayfto s?raw exhibits',' toilet and re- ception rooms. In it only articles the result of woman's labor are to be exhibited. Mrs. E. D. Gillespie, President of the Women's Centennial Executive Committee, was the first to originate the idea of a separate building. I There is also an addition to the building for educational purposes. The Kindergarten, Object Teaching, and other branches of educa- tion, for which women are especially adapted, will be here exhibited. Architect— H. J. Schwarzmann. Contractors — Jacob G. Peters and John A. Burghen. West of this, and on the lower slope of George's Hill is the GOVERNMENT BUILDING, rivaling some of the Exhibition buildings in size and interest. This contains the collection, provided for by an executive order of the President, of "such articles and material as will, when presented in a collective exhibition, illustrate the functions and administrative faculties of the Government in time of peace, and its resources as a war power, and thereby serve to demonstrate the nature of our in- stitutions and their adaptations to the wants of the people." Its preparation has been entrusted to officers representing the War, Treasury, Navy, Interior, Post-Office and Agricultural Departments] and the Smithsonian Institute. To the north of the building is an edifice known as the field hospi- tal, in which is shown, as if in practical use, every appliance used for the sick and wounded. The laboratory in which the explosion at Bridesburg occurred last summer is also here, and in it is shown the apparatus used in determining the velocity of bullets, and con- stant experiments will be made during the Exhibition. THE CENTENNIAL POST OFFICE. About one-half of the southern transept of the United States Government Building is used for this purpose, covering about 2,100 square feet. A general working post-office is in operation, supplied with every facility for the reception and delivery of mails. The AND PHILADELPHIA. 55 emblematic of post-office mtyfeteini, md mvnm^l^d by liighly em- bellished mouldings. It not only presents a very hanflsome appear- o < !^ n o M ance, but will attract general attention from visitors, especially foreigners. In close proximity to the Philadelphia Post-office, 1,600 feet of space has been devoted to the General Post-office Department for a 56 ^UIDE OF EXPOSITIO 'Mspir*}^:-COn?T!f^iigm*i^^^ other ayjTOr^i^^eb oi viio establishmenll r>'Bta«K«fwU^ fete© ,t»$)JiWi enveloiVe/macliirie in opera- tion, manufacturing envelopes and stamps of a special design. The Government Building will cost $100,000, and the fitting up $100,000 more. Resting on the slope of George's HiU, between Fountain avenue and the boundary fence, the West Point Cadet Camp will be found, during the month of June or July, or portion of each. They will muster about three hundred, and will be well provided with all the means for displaying the versatile West Pointer's efficiency as horse, foot, and dragoon. The United States Government have erected on Belmont avenue, near State avenue, a Signal and Weather Station, and near the end of Machinery Hall a Fortified Block House similar to those located in the Indian Territory. East of the Jury Pavilion is the building of Public Comfokt. This department has been established for the purpose of taking care of articles— such as overcoats, umbrellas, bundles, etc.— and for the general convenience of the visitor, a lavatory is provided, a place for blacking boots, barber shop, and news stand. On Fountain avenue, between Belmont avenue and the Centen- nial Fountain, Col. Lienard, of Paris, will exhibit Relief Plans of the cities of Paris, Naples, Jerusalem, and of Italy, and Switzerland. The plans give, in miniature, an exact representation of the places they represent. PHOTOGRAPHIC HALL, South of Memorial Hall— is 240 feet long by 75 feet wide, and 20 feet is the height of the walls. It is partitioned inside so as to make seven handsome galleries, each 75 feet long, for the hanging of pic- tures and the display of photographic appliances. In order that all the light possible may be obtained, the roof is composed entirely of glass. There are four entrances, the tw^o at the sides being very handsome. It has 19,000 square feet of surface for exhibition pur- poses ; cost $26,000, which was contributed by the photographers of America ; and is devoted exclusively to an exhibition of American and Foreign photographic art. Four Pavilion Buildings, extending along the south side of the Main Building, and between that and Elm avenue, had to be erected to accommodate the great demand of exhibitors for space in the AND PHILADELPHIA. 5T Main Building. The dimensions of each of these pavilions are 40 by 140 feet, and thej are erected in a manner agreeable to their pa- rent structure. On Belmont avenue are located two Fiee Engine Houses — one at the northern boundary fence, and the other near the east end of the Main Building. They contain space for steamers, bunks for fire- men, hook and ladder space, and stables for horses. Besides these buildings there are many others ; most of the im- portant foreign nations have special buildings for their own use. THE BRITISH BUILDINGS, Located near a grove at the foot of George's Hill, are three in num- ber. Two of them are in the style of architecture of the sixteenth century, with tile roofing, and are surmounted by stacks of red brick chimneys. One is in the style of the residence of a squire of that period. Nearly every article entering into the construction of the buildings w^as manufactured in Great Britain. The rooms are fur- nished in paneled dados, the w^alls above, hung with English paper, the wood-^vork stained and varnished, and the furniture (brought from England) throughout is in harmony with the style adopted. Near these buildings is the Canadian Log House. •e*- THE JAPANESE BUILDING. To the southwest of the British Buildings, foot of George's Hill, is a two story dwelling house, and is a perfect reproduction of the habitation of the average dweller of Japan. This building was con- structed by the Japs arrayed in their native costume and attracted considerable attention during its erection ; no nails w^ere used, all the material being dove-tailed, beveled and mortised, and fastened together with w^ooden pins. All the material used in this building was brought from Japan. The Japanese Bazaar, for the exhibition and sale of Japanese "ware, is on Agricultural avenue, north of the Main Exhibition Build- ing. There is also a Japanese garden of one and a-half acres. SWEDISH SCHOOL HOUSE. The government of Sweden has erected a school-house near the Main Exhibition Building. The roof is steep and overhangs the "Walls', and is finished in an elaborate manner^ The entire building 58 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION is of wood, either polished or oiled, and was brought from Sweden prepared to be put together upon the grounds. What is singular, is that it is impossible, on the exterior, to discover a nail or screw. The boards are beveled and so joined together that no seams are visible. All the doorways and window frames are of a unique pat- tern, and show great taste on the part of those having its erection in charge. It is intended to keep school there during most of the sum- mer ; genuine Swedish youths of both sexes, with teachers, will be brought over for that purpose. Spain has a very beautiful structure west of the Catholic T. A. B. Fountain, and near the foot of George's Hill, in which is quartered the Spanish Engineers. It is an octagonal structure 50 feet in di- ameter. The German Building is situated near the intersection of Bel- mont avenue and the old Lansdowne drive. It is of brick, 82 by 42 feet, and in the Renaissance style. Austria, France, Egypt, Turkey, Brazil, and several other countries have erected pavilions or buildings that are ornaments to the grounds and creditable to the countries they represent. WORLD'S TICKET OFFICE. An ornate pavilion, near Machinery Hall, containing convenient waiting-rooms for the use of visitors, and offices for the sale of rail- road tickets, hotel coupons, etc., for all parts of the world. In con- nection with this there is a Palestine Camp, containing an inter- esting collection of articles from that country. In addition to these buildings, many of the States have erected structures. Pennsylvania Building — is in the Gothic style, and is located at Belmont and State avenues. It has a front of 105 feet, and a depth of 69 feet. The main entrance will be in the centre of the front, and this part of the building will be surmounted by a large tower, also a tower at each end. Pennsylvania has also a handsome building erected for the use of the Educational Department of Penn- sylvania. The building is octagonal in shape and 100 feet in diame- ter, w^itli two annexes at the front and back, each 40 by 20 feet ; is constructed of wood, iron, and glass, and furnished with all neces- sary accommodations. AND PHILADELPHIA. 59 Michigan Building — All the fittings and endowments are of Michigan material, and the workmanship of Michigan hands. Massachusetts Building — ^is in the Continental style, 85 by 70 feet. Indiana Building — is made, as far as possible, characteristic of Indiana homes. Missouri Building — is a handsome structure, two stories high, surmounted by a dome. Ohio Building — is a very attractive structure, built of stone, fur- nished by different stone companies. Connecticut Cottage — The structure is of the Dutch Colonial style of architecture, and is 30 feet front by 40 feet deep, with a wing 10 feet by 20. New York — a large and one of the most beautiful of the State Buildings ; Mississippi— 40 by 30 feet ; Kansas— 132 by 132 feet— a large and handsome structure, surmounted by a tower ; ISTew Hampshire — 50 by 50 feet ; New Jersey, West Virginia, Dela- ware, Illinois, Arkansas, Nevada, AVisconsin, Maryland, Iowa, and California, have also buildings of their own. Regis- ters will be kept in all the State Buildings for record of visitors' names, and on file, all the newspapers published in that State. Besides all the structures a large number of the Trades have spe- cial buildings devoted to the interest of the business they represent. New England Log House and Modern Kitchen, on Agri- cultural avenue, not far from Horticultural Building ; intended to illustrate the New England kitchen of one hundred years ago and of the present time. Meals will be cooked and served by young ladies in appropriate costumes. West of Machinery Hall is a structure known as the NEWSPAPER PAVILION. Here will be found the various journals of the country on file, for the purpose of showing the progress made in journalism during the past one hundred 3'ears. North of the western section of the Main Building is the Wagon 60 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION AND Carriage Exhibition Building. North of the eastern eud of the Main Building, is the Vienna Bakery, 150 by 125 feet. On the south side of Lansdowne valley is a model of the railway up the side of Mount Washington, and nearly opposite this, on the north side of the valley, a model of a Western Hunter's Camp. On the south of the Main Building, and fronting Belmont avenue, is the Centennial National Bank, a structure 70 by 40 feet, at which all the money received for admission will be deposited ; buys and sells foreign coin and domestic and foreign exchange. THE DAIRY. South of Horticultural Hall is a rustic building with garden at- tached. Milk, cream, buttermilk, cheese, ice cream, etc., are dis- pensed by girls, dressed as Swiss peasants. OFFICE OF THE MEDICAL BUREAU. In order to provide for any cases of accident or sudden sickness which may occur among the large number of persons who will visit the Exposition, a suitable building is erected on Agricultural avenue, where every facility will be provided for the immediate gratuitous relief of any such cases. A staff of medical officers has been or- ganized, at least one of whom will be on duty at all times when the Centennial Exposition is open. On the grounds are six very large restaurants, each capable of din- ing about 5,000 persons at one time. Meals will be furnished — table d' hote, or a la carte — at specified charges. Each has been constructed with some idea of the beautiful, with the grounds surrounding them planted with flowers and shrubbery. The entire number of buildings on the Exhibition Grounds is about one hundred and fifty. AND PHILADELPHIA. 61 MONUMENTS ON THE CENTENNIAL GROUNDS. THE WITHERSPOON MONUMENT. This statue of the eminent statesman and divine — John Wither- spoon, D.D. LL.D., — is situated on a slope east of Memorial Hall. It is a colossal bronze figure of 12 feet in height, and represents Dr. Witherspoon in the act of delivering his speech on the Declara- tion of Independence. The costume is the citizen's dress of Colonial times, and over the shoulders is carelessly thrown the clergyman's gown or cloak adopted at Geneva. The monument cost $25,000. It is mounted on a high pedestal of Quincy granite. The name of Dr. John Witherspoon is attached to the immortal Declaration of American Independence, and is the only clergyman's signature to be found on the document. THE STATUE OF WILLIAM PENN is of bronze, and 30 feet in height. This is the largest bronze cast- ing yet undertaken in America, and exceeded by but two in the world, and is intended for the dome of the New Public Buildings, when those buildings are completed ; for the Centennial it will oc- cupy a commanding position on the grounds. THE COLUMBUS MONUMENT near the intersection of Fountain and Belmont avenues. Erected by the Columbus Monument Association ; is of colossal size, represents the great Genoese navigator — a standing figure — the right hand resting on a globe, and the left holding a chart. An anchor and rope at the foot of the figure indicates the occupation. MONUMENT OF RELIGIOUS LIBERTY. The design is a group of two figures — the one, colossal, eight feet in height, stands near the csntre of the pedestal. It typifies the Genius of Liberty. It is a female figure in armor ; a mantle fasten- 62 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION ed at the neck by a agraffe, falls from the left shoulder to the left foot. The right breast and arm are uncovered. On the breast-plate of the armor is wrought the American shield. The head is covered with the Phrygian cap bordered with thirteen stars. The left hand of the figure, which holds the Constitution, is supported by the fasces. The other figure of the group stands at the right side of the former ; it is a youth slightly draped, with face upraised, one hand of this figure is stretched to heaven and holding an urn in which burns the sacred flame. At the base of the group an eagle is repre- sented, its talons buried in a snake, typifying the destruction of slavery. The idea conveyed by the group is Liberty protecting Religion, and in the idea, personified by religion, it is intended to ex- press in a universal sense the reliance on a Divine power common to humanity. It was executed in Rome by Ezekial, an American sculp- tor, by order of the Independent Order of B'nai Berith. The pedestal and statue stands 20 feet in height, It location is near the Art Gal- lery. THE AMEBICAN SOLDIERS' MONUMENT, a colossal granite statue of 24 feet in height, and weighing 30 tons, on a circular spot of ground on the west side of the terrace surround- ing Memorial Hall. WASHINGTON STATUE, on the east side of the same terrace ; cut from a single block of marble. The property of Mr. Mahlon Dickerson, the American banker of Florence, and loaned by him for the Centennial Exhibi- tion. CENTENNIAL FOUNTAIN, near the rear of Machinery Hall, at the foot of George's Hill; is 100 feet in diameter, and 35 feet in exterior height. A colossal statue of Moses, 15 feet high, stands upon the top of a mass of rock in the centre of a circular basin 40 feet in diameter, pointing upwards to heaven as the source of the great miracle that has just been performed, in bringing forth water from the barren rock by the stroke of his wand. The water gushing forth on all sides, falls into the basin. Four arms stretch from the basin in the shape of a Maltese cross, each 10 feet 8 inches in length, and 9 feet wide, terminating in four AND PnlLADELPHIA. 63 circular platforms, each of which is sixteen feet in diameter. Upon these platforms stand drinking- fountains, 12 feet in height, and 8 feet 8 inches in diameter. Each fountain is surmounted by a statue 9 feet high. These statues represent Commodore Barry—" the father of the American Navy;" Archbishop John Carroll, the patriot priest of the Revolution; Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, the Catholic signer of the Declaration of Independence, and Father Mathew, the Apos- tle of Temperance. The statues are constructed of Tyrolese marble; the base being of Cockeyville marble and granite. Around the circular basin are seven medallion heads sculptured in marble. The Fountain is erected by the Catholic Total Abstinence Socie- ties of the United States, in honor of the Centennial of American In- dependence. Its total cost is $52,000, raised by voluntary contribu- tions, not a single contribution exceeding one hundred dollars- Sculptor — H. Kern. At the intersection of Belmont and Fountain avenues, about mid- way between Horticultural Hall and the Catholic Fountain, is an Ice Water Fountain, for supplying ice water free of cost. Erected by the Grand Division of the Sons of Temperance of Pennsjdvania. Near this intersection — Belmont and Fountain avenues — ^is also the Music Pavilion. THE LIVE STOCK display at the International Exhibition will be held from September 1st to November 10th. Twenty -two acres of ground outside of the Centennial grounds, about 500 yards distant from the principal en- trance, having been secured for this purpose. (See map for location.) The periods devoted to each class and family being fifteen days, and the division as follows : Horses, mules and asses September 1st to 15th. Horned cattle (all varieties) September 20th to October 5th. Sheep, swine, goats and dogs October 10th to 25th. Poultry (all varieties) October 28th to November 10th. On the last day of each serial show, a public auction may be held, of such animals as the exhibitors may desire to sell. Animals may be sold at private sale at any time during their exhibition. During the period of a serial show, no animal, even in the event of being sold, will be allowed to be definitely removed. 64 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION About half an hour's ride from the Exhibition grounds, on the line of the Pennsylvania railroad, between Philadelphia and New York, suitable lands having been secured for the trial of machinery. Har- vesting-machines, during June and July, and tilling-machines, during September and October. SPACE OCCUPIED BY THE NATIONS. The space occupied by the different nations in the Main Building is as follows: Argentine Republic Austria Belgium Brazil Canada Chili China Denmark Egypt France and Colonies German Empire. . . Great Britain and ) British India . . ) New South Wale Victoria South Australia ■! 2,873 sq 24,070 15,358 6,397 24,070 2,873 7,504 1,462 5,146 43,314 27,975 99,917 24,070 ft. Italy 8,167 Japan 16,566 Mexico 6,504 Netherlands 15,509 Norway 6,897 Orange Free State. 1,057 Russia 11,002 Siam 2.015 Spain and Colonies 11,253 Sweden 15,358 Switzerland 6, 646 Tunis 2,015 Turkey 4,895 United States 187,705 sq. ft. C( (( (< << ( ( << << This refers to the Main Building only. Most of the countries oc- cupy spaces in the other principal buildings, and some have provided separate buildings for their exhibits. THE POLLOWaNG SPECIAL EVENTS OCCUR DURING THE EXPOSITION: Centennial ceremonies, May 10; grand ceremonies on the Fourth of July; harvesting display in Bucks county, in June and July; trials of steam ploughs and tillage implements at the same place, in September and October; exhibition of horses, mules and asses, Sep- tember 1 to 15; exhibition of horned cattle, September 20 to Oc- tober 5; exhibition of sheep, swine, goats and dogs, October 10 to 25, and the exhibition of poultry, October 28 to November 10; gathering of the Order of Good Templars, June 13; international re- gatta at New York, June 22; yacht regatta on the Delaware, June; special gathering of the Sons of Temperance, June; international series of cricket matehesj June and September; Congress of Authors AJSD PHILADELPHIA. 65 in Independence Hall, July 2; parade of Catholic societies and dedi- cation of the T. A. B. Fountain, July 4; parade of military organi- zations, July 4; parade of the Knights of Pythias, August 22; inter- national rowing regatta, August 20 to September 15 ; international rifle matches, September; international medical Congress, September 4, and on September 20 the parade of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. THE FOREIGN NATIONS WHICH WILL EXHIBIT ARE G-reat Britain, France, Austria, Germany, Belgium, Holland, Sw^eden, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Korway, Egypt, Denmark, Turkey, Tunis, Switzerland, Mexico, Venezuela, Brazil, Russia, Chili, Peru, Argentine Confed- eration, Sandwich Islands, China, Japan, Australia, Canada, Greece, Bolivia, Nicaraugua, Colombia, Liberia, Ecuador, Orange Free State (Africa), Guatemala, Salvador, Honduras. THE ENTRANCES. The grounds are enclosed and have thirteen entrance gates. 1st. Entrance at the east end of the Main building. The main approach for carriages. 2d. Entrance between the Main Building and Machinery Hall, for visitors by street cars and the Pennsylvania railroad. 3d. Entrance from George's Hill. 4th. At the intersection of Belmont avenue with the Park Drive. 5th. Entrance for visitors by the Reading railroad, at their depot. 6th. En! ranee in Belmont Valley for visitors by steamboats. 7th. Entrance in front of the Grand Conservatory. 8th. Entrance for visitors arriving on the Junction railroad and by steamboats in the Landsdowne Valley. 9th. Entrance to Art Gallery. All these entrances will be fitted up with self-registering turn- stiles. The hours of admission are from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. 66 &UIDE OF EXPOSITION CENTENNIAL LINE, narrow-gauge, double-track road, inside the Centennial grounds. This line is about six miles in length, and is handsomely equipped with forty palace cars and five engines sent for exhibition. It ex- tends along the entire north front of the Main Exhibition Building and Machinery Hall, then southwardly to the Forty-second street entrance, around the base of George's Hill, by the English Build- ings, across Belmont avenue at the northernmost limit of the Exhi- bition grounds, and along the slope in front of Belmont Mansion, making the circuit of Agricultural Hall, returning on the east side of Belmont avenue near Horticultural Hall, thence eastwardly be- tween Memorial Hall (Art Gallery) and the Main Exhibition Build- ing to the carriage concourse at the point of beginning. Fare, 5 cents. FACILITIES OF ACCESS TO THE EXHIBITION GROUNDS. The location of the Exhibition on the west bank of the Schuylkill is about three miles from the centre of the city of Philadelphia. Ten bridges connect the east and west banks of the Schuylkill within limits that admit of their use in reaching the Exhibition from the city. Three of these are exclusively for railroads, six for that of the public, and one for the joint use of both. The four railroad bridges will be used during the Exhibition by passenger trains, which will be run to it at short intervals from distant and populous sections of the city. The depots for these trains are close to the Exhibition Buildings, and visitors so arriving, as in other cases, will be admit- ted through commodious entrances with little or no delay. The Philadelphia system of street railways occupies, with but few exceptions, all the thoroughfares, and each road connects with every other. From any part of the city, therefore, the visitor may reach the Exhibition and return to within a square or single block of his hotel or residence. Five lines of these city passenger railways run to the main en- trance of the Exhibition. THE CONVEYANCES TO THE EXHIBITION GROUNDS. The following City Passenger railways run direct to the grounds: — Fare, 7 cents, or four tickets for 25 cents. Chestnut and Walnut AND PHILADELPHIA. 67 streets, running out Walnut street, to Twenty-second street, to Chestnut and out Lancaster avenue. Market Street Line, going west. Arcli Street Line, going West. Race and Vine Streets Line going out Vine street. Girard Avenue Line, going west ; Fourth and Eighth Street Line give transfer passes for Girard avenue, for the one fare. All other city lines (except Union and Ridge avenue) going north and south, give exchange tickets, good on the above lines at junction, for 9 cents. STEAM RAILBOADS TO THE GKOUNDS. Pennsylvania Central have erected a depot, 650 feet long, and 100 feet wide, on west side of Elm avenue, opposite the main entrance to the Exhibition, and will convey passengers from their Philadel- phia depot. Thirty-second and Market streets, to the grounds at very short intervals. By this Line Visitors from the East, West and South, will be taken direct to the Exhibition, without having to first pass through Philadelphia. Philadelphia and Reading Railroad— depot. Thirteenth and Cal- lowhill streets— have a depot near the Exhibition grounds. North Pennsylvania Railroad— depot, Berks and America streets, and Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, corner Broad and Washington avenue, connect with Pennsylvania Central, thence to the Exhibition Buildings. Besides these, there is the Exhibition Transfer Company, who run a light and elegant wagonette, comfortably seating ten passen- gers, from Ninth and Market and Broad and Chestnut streets, direct to the grounds. This is the most pleasant and comfortable way of reaching the Exhibition. Fare, 50 cents. In addition to the facilities of steam and street cars, there is a line of steamboats run from the vicinity of the Waterworks, at Fair- mount, near Fairmount avenue, or Green Street Entrance, to Bel- mont Landing, thence about ten minutes walk, affording a diversified and pleasant route to the Exhibition. Spruce and Pine Streets, Green and Fairmount Avenue, Race and Vine Streets and Callowhill Street railways, also, Fairmount Branch of the Union Line, run to Fairmount, near the Waterworks, where you take the steamer; and if you are a good pedestrian, have a most delightful walk through the Park, crossing the magnificent Girard 68 GUIDE OP EXPOSITION Avenue Bridge, and out the Lansdowne drive to the Centennial Buildings — occupying about 30 minutes. PHILADELPHIA CITY PASSENGER RAILWAY DIREC- TORY. Single Fare, 7 cents ; 4 Tickets, 25 cents ; (these tickets are good on all roads) ; Children under ten years, 4 cents ; Exchange Ticket, 9 cents. Exchange Tickets are sold by all conductors (except those of the Union and Ridge Avenue Lines); so that a person going north and south can exchange with a car going east or west (or vice versa) and thereby go from one portion of the city to almost any other portion for 9 cents. All roads having Branch Lines give transfer tickets without extra charge. Night cars are run on the Chestnut and Walnut streets, Tenth and Eleventh streets. Thirteenth and Fifteenth streets, and Union Lines, after midnight. The Market street line also run cars from West Philadelphia depot, upon arrival of trains after midnight. Fare, 10 cents, or two tickets ; no exchange tickets sold, or taken, on night cars. Some of the lines run cars (for short distances) on the tracks of other lines, so that persons should be careful and take the right car, which can be done with a little observation, as all cars of the differ- ent roads are plainly marked. I FERRY COMPANIES. Camden and Philadelphia — foot of Market street, upper side, to Federal street, Camden. Cooper's Point— foot of Vine street, to Cooper's Point, Gloucester, New Jersey — foot of South street, to Gloucester. Kaiohn's Point — foot of South street, upper side, to South Cam- den, or Kaighn's Point. A.TST> l»tiltADELPHIA. 69 Kensington and New Jersey — foot of Shackamaxon street, to Cooper's Point. Smith's Island — Pier 7, South Wharves. West Jersey — foot of Market street, lower side, to Market street, Camden. TELEGRAPH. There are about 3,000 miles of Telegraph lines in Philadelphia. Telegrams can be sent to all parts of the world, from all the princi- pal Hotels, Depots, Ticket Offices and from Telegraph offices situated in every part of the city ; also from the Exhibition Grounds tele- grams can be sent via Western Union lines, to all parts of the world, from the Philadelphia Local Telegraph Co.'s Telegraph Exchange, 107 S. Third street, and special reports or information can be ob- tained from any place at home or abroad. Commercial or Market Reports of all kinds are received and on file there. Absolutely correct time may be obtained from the Astronomical Chronometer Clock located in the Exchange office, which is com- pared daily by telegraph with the time of U. S. Observatory at Washington, D. C. The American District Telegraph Co., has Boxes in Hotels, Busi- ness Offices, and Private Residences, for the purpose of calling Mes- sengers, Police, and for Fire Alarm. FEEDING-TIME OF THE ANIMALS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN. Lions, (except Sundays) 4.00 p. m. Tigers, *' 4.00 Eagles, '* 3.30 Elephants, " 10.00 a. m. and 4.30 " Rhinoceros, " 10.00 " and 4.30 " All others twice a day. Admission, 35 cents; children under ten years, 10 cents. 70 GUIDE OF EXPOSITION RICHARD MAGEE & SON, No. 808 CHESTNUT STREET, Would respectfully call your attention to their Extensive Stock of Fine Goods, suitable for PRESENTS, among which may he found in great variety, Russia Leather Pocket Books , Russia Leather Port-Folios. Russia Leather Card Cases, Russia Leather Memorandum Books, Russia Leather Segar Cases, Russia Leather Ink Stands, Russia Leather Calendars, Russia Leather Thermometers, Russia Leather Jewel Boxes," Russia Leather Writing Desks, Russia Leather Gentlemen's Dressing Cases. Russia Leather Ladies' Dressing Cases, Russia Leather Playing Card Boxes, Russia Leather Work Boxes, Rosewood Writing Desks, Gold Pens and Holders, Gold Tip Rubber Pencils, Gold Tip Rubber Pen Holders, Pearl and Gold Pencils, Pearl and Bubber Gold Tooth Picks, Pearl Card Gases, Idory Pocket Books, Ivory Card Cases, Ivory Match Safes, Ivory Segar Cases, Fine Ink Stands, Pocket Match Cases, Playing Cards, Pearl and Ivory Paper Cutters, Paper Weights, Pen Knives, ^c. CONTAINING FINE TINTED PAPER AND ENVELOPES TO MATCH. — Alili THE INITIALS ON HAND— Together with an Extensive Assortment of Latest Styles Tinted Paper and Envelopes, and all Articles in the Stationery Line. -oo>©