Class. Rook Srl'^ ?^ ' ^ 0.'- '■ [= — I ^ ~7 „ r I "vl . ^ /^ P^=^»it(iP ^^ — -tl. ©GIl-APpG^l ^ '"veaca'S^5-''<^-SV- ^^'v%^w?;^T?;;^^-'^^f7?^,,U,^^' ^^'?^T^^^ -OF- Green Lake, Marquette ^^^^ Waushara Counties, V^ISCONSIN, CONTAINING Full Page Portraits and Biographical Sketches of Prominent and Representative Citizens of the Counties, TOGETHER WITH PORTRAITS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF ALL THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. C'HICAUU: ACME PUBLISHING CO. 1890. pF(Ep/^(?E. 5IIE greatest of English historians, Macaulay, anil one of the most brilliant writers -of the present centnry, has said : "The historj'^ of a country is best told in a record of the lives of its people." In conformity with this idea the Portrait and Biographical Album of this county has been prepared. Instead of going to must}' records, and taking therefrom dry statistical matter that can be appreciated by but few, our corps of writers have gone to the people, the men and women who have, by their enterprise and industry, brought the county to a rank second to none among those comprising this great and noble State, and from their lips have the story of their life struggles. No more interesting or instructive matter could be presented to an intelli- gent public. In this volume will be found a record of many whose lives are worthy the imitation of coming generations. It tells how some, commencing life in poverty, by industry and economy have accumulated wealth. It tells how others, with limited advantages for securing an education, have become learned men and women, with an influence extending throughout the length and breadth of the land. It tells of men who have risen from the lower walks of life to eminence as statesmen, and whose names have become famous. It tells of those in every walk in life who have striven to succeed, and records how that success has usually crowned their efforts. It tells also of many, very many, who, not seeking the applause of the world, have pursued "the even tenor of their way," content to have it said of them as Christ said of the woman performing a deed of mercy — "they have done what tliey could." It tells how that many in the pride and strength of young manhood left the plow and the anvil, the lawyer's office and the counting-room, left every trade and profession, and at their country's call went forth valiantly "to do or die," and how through their efforts the Union was restored and peace once more reigned in the land. In the life of every man and of every woman is a lesson that should not be lost upon those who follow after. Coming generations will appreciate this volume and preserve it as a sacred treasure, from the fact that it contains so much that would never find its way into public records, and which would otherwise be inaccessible. Great care has been taken in the compilation of the work and every opportunity possible given to those represented to insure correctness in what has been written, and the publishers flatter them- selves that they give to their readers a work with few errors of consequence. In addition to the biograph- ical sketches, portraits of a number of representative citizens are given. The faces of some, and biographical sketches of many, will be missed in this volume. For this the publishers are not to blame. Not having a proper conception of the work, some refused to give the information necessary to compile a sketch, while others were indifferent. Occasionally some member of the family would oppose the enterprise, and on account of such opposition the support of the interested one would be withheld. In a few instances men could never be found, though repeated calls were made at their residence or place of business. ^, , ,^oa ACME PUBLISHING CO. Chicago, Mnrch, ISsa ©ffiwernari of Wiiaontyi^ mmmm% .-Vf^;^ ^ -^iini^^^sjjai£:^- )> p^ COPYRICxHTED "A^^ 1SS5. ■ I| j' r, n )II)fi^lS '^^ '^>v»\ w '-^^- FIRST PRESIDENT. is'iis'tgy.'r^r'^f".^, ©E OB BE WA^HIA^ BT9K '^'^'<;^'.; )' ;^t . 'c. '»g: '^>^'^%>\'^,->m' HE Father of our Countiy was I oni in Westmorland Co., Va., ' ^''- 22. 1732- His parents '"^LfS/Jfc.Xa Ji ^^vere disabled early in the action, and Wasliington alone was left in that cai)acity on the field. In a letter to his brother he says : "1 had four bullets through my coat, and two horses shot under me, yet I escaped unhurt, though death was leveling my companions on every side." An Indian sharpshooter said he was not Ijorn to be killed by a bullet, for he had taken direct aim at him seventeen times, and failed to hit him. After having been five years in the military service, and vainly sought promotion in the royal army, he look advantage of the fall of Fort Duquesne and tlie exinilsion of the French from the valley of the Ohio, 10 resign his commission. Soon after he entered the Legislature, where, although not a leader, he look an active and important part. January 17, 1759, he married Mrs. Martha (Dandridge) Custis, the wealthy widow of John Parke Custis. When the British Parliament had closed the port -)f Boston, the cry went up throughout the provinces that "The cause of Boston is the cause of us all." It was then, at the suggestion of Virginia, that a Con- gress of all the colonies was called to meet at Phila- dclphia.Sept. 5, 1774, to secure their common liberties, peaceably if possible. To this Congress Col. Wash- ington was sent as a delegate. On May 10, 1775, the Congress re-assembled, when the hostile intentions of England were plainly apparent. The battles of Con- cord and Lexington had been fought. Among the first acts of this Congress was the election of a com- mander-in-chief of the colonial forces. This high and responsible office was conferred upon Washington, who was still a member of the Congress. He accepted it on June 19, but \ipon the express condition that he receive no salary. He would keep an exact account of expenses and expect Congress 10 pay them and nothing more. It is not the object of this sketch to trace the military acts of Washington, to whom the fortunes and liberties of the people of this country were so long confided. The war was conducted by him under every possible disadvantage, and while his forces often met with reverses, yet he overcame every obstacle, and after seven years of heroic devotion and matchless skill he gained liberty for the greatest nation of earth. On Dec. 23, 1783, Washington, in a parting address of surpassing beauty, resigned his commission as commander-in-chief of the army to to the Continental Congress sitting at Annapolis. He retired immediately to Mount Vernon and resumed his occupation as a farmer and planter, shunning all connection with public life. In February, 1 7 89, Washington was unanimously elected President. In his presidential career he was subject to the peculiar trials incidental to a new government ; trials from lack of confidence on the part of other governments ; trials from want of harmony between the different sections of our own country; trials from the impoverished condition of the country, owmg to the war and want of credit; trials from the beginnings of party strife. He was no partisan. His clear judgment could discern the golden mean; and while perhaps this alone kept our government from sinking at the veiy outset, it left him exposed to attacks from both sides, which were often bitter and very annoying. At the expiration of his first term he was unani- mously re-elected. At the end of this term many were anxious that he be re-elected, but he absolutely refused a third nomination. On the fourth of March, 1797, at the expiraton of his second term as Presi- dent, he returned to his home, hoping to pass there his few remaining yeais free from the annoyances of public life. Later in the year, however, his reixjse seemed likely to be interrupted l)y war with France. .\t the prospect of stich a war he was again urged to take command of the armies. He chose his sub- ordinate officers and left to them the charge of mat- ters in tlie field, which he superintended from his home. In accepting the command he made the reservation that he was not to be in the lield until it was necessary. In the midst of tliese preparations his life was suddenly cut off. December i 2, he took a seveie cold from a ride in the rain, which, settling j in lis throat, (jroduced inflammation, and terminated fatally on the night of the fourteenth. On the eigh- teenth his body was borne wi'h military honors to its final resting place, and interred in the family vault at Mount Vernon. Of the character of Washington it is iiiii)ossible to speak but in terms of the highest respect and ad- miration. The more we see of the operations of our government, and the more dee[)ly we feel the difficulty of uniting all opinions in a common interest, the more highly we must estimate the force of his tal- ent and character, which have been able to challenge the reverence of all parties, and principles, and na- tions, and to win a fame as extended as the limits of the globe, and which we cannot but believe will be as lasting as the existence of man. The person of Washington was unusally tan, erect and well proportioned. His muscular strength was great. His features were of a beautiful symmetry. He commanded respect without any appearance of haughtiness, and ever serious without being dull. ^i^mj^^^^md SEZOND PRESIDENT. fe-— ^'^^HVo •■ 1 t t 1 t-,.t.-fc.t.A=t.,A,-;fe.t.*--i-..t,.t..t ,. JOIHH ADA; .4ife,ii,A.t..t.44fefe.fe.-M-..t.-t- K ] OHM ADAMS, the second ' rebident and the first Vice- /■rcbident of the United States, wib born in Braintree ( now -•!£, Qumcy ),MabS., and about ten tMt. fc'/^" unles from Boston, Oct. 19, ''f n \¥n 1735 His great-grandfather, Henry f/yrl \dam=, emigrated from England -'■'''"' ibout 1640, with a family of eight sons, and settled at Braintree. The p irenta of John were John and Susannah (Boylston) Adams. His father was a farmer of limited means, to wliich he added the bus- iness of shoemaking. He gave his eldest son, John, a classical educa- ' tion at Harvard College. John graduated in 1755, and at once took charge of the sciiool in ^Vorcester, Mass. This he found but a 'scr.ool of affliction," from which he endeavored to gain, .elief by devoting himself, in addition, to the study of law. For this purpose he placed himself vmderthe tuition of the o:ily lawyer in the town. He had thought seriously of the clerical profession bi:t seems to have been turned from this by what he termed " the frightful engines of ecclesiastical coun- .;ils, of diabolical malice, and Calvanistic good nature," of tl.e operations of which he had been a witness in liis native town. He was well fitted for the legal ;jTofe'.;sion, possessing a clear, sonorous voice, being rcidy and fluent of speech, and having quick percep- tive powers. He gradually gained practice, and in 1764 married Abigail Smith, a daughter of a minister, and a lady of superior intelligence. Shortly after his marriage, (1765), the attempt of Parliamentary taxa- 'ion turned him from law to poHtics. He took initial steps toward holdin^ i town meeting, and the resolu- tions he offered on the subject became very populai throughout the Provmce, and were adopted word for word by over forty different towns. He moved to Bos- ton in 1768, and became one of the most courageous and prominent advocatesof the popular cause, and A'as cliosen a member of the General Court (the Leg- lislature) in 1770. Mr. Adams was chosen one of the first delegates from Massachusetts to the first Continental Congress, which met in 1774. Here he distinguislied himselt by his capacity for business and for debate, and ad- vocated the movement for independence against tb; majority of the members. In May, 1776, he mcved ai^ carried a resolution in Congress that the Colonies should assume the duties of self-government. He was a prominent member of the committee of Tive appointed June it, to prepare a declaration of inde- pendence. This article was drawn by Jefferson, but on Adams devolved the task of battling it through Congress in a three days debate. On the day after the Declaration of Inde[)endence was passed, while his soul was yet warm with th^ glow of e.xcited feeling, he wrote a letter to his wife which, as we read it now, seems to have been dictated by the spirit of prophecy. "Yesterday," he says, "the greatest question was decided that ever was debated in America; and greater, perhaps, never was or wil be decided among men. A resolution uas passed without one dissenting colony, ' that these United States are, and of right ought to be, free and inde- pendent states.' The day is passed. 'I"he fourtli of July, 1776, will be a memorable epoch in the history of America. I am apt to believe it will be celebrated by succeeding generations, as the great anniversary festival. It ought to be commemorated as the day of deliverance by solemn acts of devotion to Almighty God. It ought to be solemnized v/ilh iiomp, shows- 24 JOHN ADAMS. games, sports, guns, bells, bonfires, and illuminations from one end of the continent to the other, from this time forward for ever. Vou will think me transported with enthusiasm, but I am not. I am well aware of the toil, and blood and treasure, that it will cost to maintain this declaration, and supjxirt and defend these States; yet, through all the gloom, I can see the rays of light and glory. I can see that the end is wurth more than all the means; and that posterity will triumph, although you and I may rue, which I hope we shall not." In November, 1777, Mr. Adams was appointed a delegate to France and to co-operate with Bemjamin Franklin.and Arthur Lee, who were then in Paris, in the endeavor to obtain assistance in arms and money from the French Government. This was a severe trial to his patriotism, as it separated him from his home, com|)elled him to cross the ocean in winter, and ex- posed him to great peril of capture by the British cruis- ers, who were seeking him. He left France June 17, 1779. In September of the same year he was again ciiosen to go to Paris, and there hold himself in readi- ness to negotiate a treaty of peace and of commerce with Great Britian, as soon as the British Cabinet might Ije found willing to listen to such pvoixisels. He sailed for France in November, from there he went to H-illand, where he negotiated important loans and formed important commercial treaties Finally a treaty of peace with England was signed Jan. 21, 1783. The re-action from the excitement, toil and anxiety through which Mr. Adams had pa«sed tlirew him into a fever. After suffering from a con- tinued fever and becoming feeble and emaciated he- was advised to goto England to drink the waters of B.ith. While in England, still drooping anddesjxjnd- ing, he received dispatches from his own government urging the necessity of his going to .\msterdam to negotiate another loan. It was winter, his health was delicate, yet he immediately set out, and through storm, on sea, on horseback and foot, he made the trip. February 24, 1785, Congress appointed Mr. Adams envoy to the Court of St. James. Here he met face to face the King of England, who had so long re- garded him as a traitor. As England did not condescend to ap|)oint a minister to the United States, and as Mr. .\dams felt that he was accom- plishing but little, he sought permission to return to his own country, where he arrived in June, 1788. When Washington was first chosen President, John Adams, rendered illustiious by his signal services at home and abroad, was chosen Vice President, .^gain at the second election of Washington as President, Adams was chosen Vice President. In 1796, Wash- ington retired from public life, and Mr. Adams was elected President, though not without much opposition. Serving in this office four years,he was succeeded by Mr. Jefferson, his opponent in ]x>litics. While Mr. Adams was Vice President the great French Revolution shook the continent of Europe, and it was upon this point which he was at issue with the majority of his countrjmen led by Mr. Jefferson. Mr. Adams felt no sympathy with the French people in tiieir struggle, for he had no confidence in their power of self-government, and he utterly abhored the classofatiieist philosophers who he claimed caused it. On tlie other hand Jefferson's sympathies were strongly enlisted in behalf of the French people. Hence or- iginated tlie alienation between these distinguished men, and two powerful parties were thus soon organ- ized, .\dams at the head of the one whose sympathies were with England and Jefferson led the other in sympathy with France. The world has seldom seen a spectacle of more moral beauty and grandeur, than was presented by the old age of Mr. Adams. The violence of party feeling had died away, and he had begun to receive that just appreciation which, to most men, is not accorded till after death. No one could look upon his venerable form, and think of what he had done and suffered, and how he had given up all the prime and strength of his life to the public good, without the deepest emotion of gratitude and respect. It was his peculiar good fortune to witness the complete success of the institution which he had been so active in creating and supporting. In 1824, his cup of happiness was filled to the brim, by seeing his son elevated to the highest station in the gift of the people. The fourth of July, 1826, which completed the half century since the signing of the Declaration of Inde- pjndence, arrived, and there were but three of the signers of that immortal instrument left upon the earth to hail its morning light. And, as it is well known, on that day two of these finished their earthly pilgrim?ge, a coincidence so remarkable as to seem miraculous. For a few days before Mr. Adams had been rapidly failing, and on the morning of the fourth he found hmiself too weak to rise from his bed. On being requested to name a toast for the customary celebration of the day, he exclaimed " In- DF.PENDENCE FOREVER." When the day was ushered in, by the ringing of bells and the firing of cannons, he was asked by one of his ;:ttendants if he knew what day it was? He replied, "O yes; it is the glor- ious fourili of July — God bless it — God bless you all." In the course of the day he said, "It is a great and glorious day." The last words he uttered were, "Jefferson survives." But he had, at one o'clock, re- signed his spirit into the hands of his God. The personal api)earance and manners of Mr. .Adams were not particularly pre]K)sses-;inp. His face, as his ]X)rtrait manifests.was intellectual ard expres- sive, but his figure was low and ungraceful, and his manners were frequently abrupt and uncourteous. He had neither the lofty dignity of Washington, nor the engaging elegance and gracefulness which marked the manners and address of Jeflferson. '^T^TZ-. THIRD PRESIDENT. snL S_j1 iL_ "^ TH D M Ai^ JE P PE R ^ .\. | HOMAb JEFFERSON was )orn April 2, 1743, -at Shad- uell, Albermarle county, Va. His paitnts were Peter and line (Randolph) Jefferson, tliLtormera native of Wales, and tilt latter born in Lon- don I o them were born six daughters and two sons, of whom Thomas was the elder. When 14 years of age his father died. He received a most liberal education, hav- ing been kept diligently at school from the time he was five years of age. In 1760 he entered William end Mary College. Williamsburg was then the seat of the Colonial Court, and it was the obode of fashion and splendor. Young Jefferson, who was then 17 years old, lived somewhat expensively, keeping fine horses, and much caressed by gay society, yet he was earnestly devoted to his studies, and irreproacha- able in his morals. It is strange, however, under such influences,that he was not ruined. In the sec- ond year of his college course, moved by some un- explained inward impulse, he discarded his liorses, society, and even his favorite violin, to which he had previously given much time. He often devoted fifteen hours a day to haid study, allowing himself for ex- ercise only a run in the evening twilight of a mile out of the city and back again. He thus attained very liigh intellectual culture, alike excellence in philoso- phy and the languages. The most difficult Latin and Greek authors he read with facility. A more finished scholar has seldom gone forth from college halls; and there was not to be found, perhaps, in all Virginia, a more piireminded, upright, gentlemanly young man. Immediately upon leaving college he began the study of law. For the short time he continued in the practice of his profession he rose rapidly and distin- guished himself by his energy and accuteness as a lawyer. But the times called for greater action. The policy of England had awakened the spirit of resistance of the American Colonies, and the enlarged views which Jefferson had ever entertained, soon led him into active political life. In 1769 he was chosei a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses. !n 1772 he married Mrs. Martha Skelton, a very oeauti- ful, wealthy and highly accomplished young widow Upon Mr. Jefferson's large estate at Shadwell, th ue was a majestic swell of land, called Monticello, which commanded a prospect of wonderful extent and beauty. This spot Mr. Jefferson selected for his new home; and here he reared a mansion of modest ye* elegant architecture, which, next to Mount Vernon became the most distinguished resort in our land. In 1775 he was sent to the Colonial Congress, where, though a silent member, his abilities as a writer and a reasoner soon become known, and h.j was placed upon a number of important committees, and was chairman of the one appointed for the draw- ing up of a declaration of independence. This com- mittee consisted of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams. Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R. Livingston. Jefferson, as chairman, was appointed to draw up the paper. Franklin and Adams suggested a few verbal changes before it was submitted to Con- gress. On June 28, a few slight changes were made in it by Congress, and it was passed and signed July 4, 1776. What must have been the feelings of that 28 THOMAS JEFFERSON. man — what the emotions that swelled his breast — who was charged with the preparation of that Dec- laration, which, while it made known the wrongs of America, ivas also to publish her to the world, free, (.ovcrign and independent. It is one of the most re- markable i)apers ever written ; and did no other effort i.fihemindof its author exist, that alone would be sufficient to stamp liis name with immortality. In 1779 Mr. Jefferson was elected successor to Patrick Hejiry, ;.s Governor of Virginia. At one time the Britisli officer, Tarleton, sent a secret expedition to Monticello, to capture the Governor. Scarcely five minutes ela[)sed after the hurried escape of Mr. Jef- ferson and his family, ere his mansion was in posses- sion of the British troops. His wife's health, never very good, was much injured by this excitement, and !n the summer of 1782 she died. Mr. Jefferson was elected to Congress in 1783. Two yeirs later he was appointed Minister Plenipo- tentiary to France. Returning to the United States in September, 1789, he became Secretary of State in Washington's cabinet. This position he resigned Jan. I, 1794. In 1797, he was chosen Vice Presi- dent, and four years later was elected President over Mr. Adams, with Aaron Burr as Vice President. In 1804 he was re-elected with wonderful unanimity, and George Clinton, Vice President. The early part of Mr. Jefferson's second adminstra- tion was disturbed by an event which threatened the tr.ino\\ the organization of the new administration, in March, 1809, he l)'d fare- well forever to public life, and retired to Monticello. Mr. Jefferson was profuse in his hospitality. Whole families came in their coaches with their horses, — fathers and mothers, boys and girls, babies and nurses, — and remained three and even six months. Life at Monticello, for years, resembled that at a fashionable watering-jjlace. The fourth of July, 1826, being the fiftieth anniver- sary of the Declaration of American Independence, great preparations were made in every part of tho Union for its celebration, as the nation's jubilee, and the citizens of Washington, to add to the solemnity of the occasion, invited Mr. Jefferson, as the framer. and one of the few surviving signers of the Declara- tion, to participate in their testivities. But an ill- ness, which had been of several weeks duration, and had been continually increasing, compelled him to decline the invitation. On the second of July, the disease under which he was laboring left him, but in such a reduced state that his medical attendants, entertained nc hope of his recovery. From this time he was perfectly j sensible that his last hour was at hand. On the ne.v. j d;iy, which was Monday, he asked of those around I him, the day of the month, and on being told it was ! the third of July, he expressed the earnest wish that i he might be jwrmitted lo breathe tie airof the fiftieth anniversary. His prayer was heard — that day, whose dawn was hailed with such rapture through our land, burst uix)n his eyes, and then they were closed for- ever. And what a noble consummation of a noiile life ! To die on that day, — the birthday of a nation,- - the day which his own name and his own act liad rendered glorious; to die amidst the rejoicings and festivities of a whole nation, who looked up to him, as the author, under God, of their greatest blessings, was all that was wanting to fill up the record his life. Almost at the same hour of his death, the kin- dred sjnrit of the venerable Adams, as if to bear him company, left the scene of his earthly honors. Hand in hand they had stood forth, the champions of freedom ; hand in hand, during the dark and desjier- I ate struggle of the Revolution, they had cheered and i animated their desjwnding countrymen; for half a I century they had labored together for the good of the country; and now hand in hand they depart. In their lives they had been united in the same great cause of liberty, and in their deaths they were not divided. In person Mr. Jefferson was tall and thin, rather above six feet in height, but well formed; his eyes were light, his hair originally red, in after life became white and silver)'; his complexion was fair, his fore- head broad, and his whole countenance intelligent and thoughtful. He jxissessed great fortitude of mind as well as personal courage ; and his command of tem- per was such that his oldest and most intimate friends never recollected to have seen him in a passion. His manners, though dignified, were simple and un- affected, and his hospitality was so unbounded that all found at his house a ready welcome. In conver- sation he was fluent, eloquent and enthusiastic; and his language was remarkably pure and correct. He was a finished classical scholar, and in his writings is discernable the care with which he formed his style upon the best models of antiquity. ^% (ZA^' ., ^ /t^M^I ^'•'k FOURTH PRESIDENT. 3^1]QES npDisoi].«^ '^n " AMES MADISON, "FatKer of the Constitution," and fourth President of the United States, was born March i6, 1757, and died at his home in Virginia, -^ June 28, 1836. The name of James Madison is inseparably con- nected with most of the important events in that heroic period of our country during which the founda- tions of this great republic were laid. He was the last of the founders of the Constitution of the United States to be called to his eternal reward. The Madison family were among the early emigrants to the New World, landing upon the shores of the Chesa- peake but 15 years after the settle- ment of Jamestown. The father of James Madison was an opulent planter, residing upon a very fine es- tate called "Montpelier," Orange Co., Va. The mansion was situated in the midst of scenery highly pictur- esque and romantic, on the west side of South-west Mountain, at the foot of Blue Ridge. It was but 25 miles from the home of Jefferson at Monticello. The closest personal and political attachment existed between these illustrious men, from their early youth until death. The early education of Mr. Madison was conducted mostly at home under a private tutor. At the age of 18 he was sent to Princeton College, in New Jersey. Here he applied himself to study with the most im- prudent zeal; allowing himself, for months, but tliree hours' sleep out of the 24. His health thus became so seriously impaired that he never recovered any vigor of constitution. He graduated in 177 i, with a feeble body, with a character of utmost purity, and with a mind highly disciplined and richly stored with learning which embellished and gave proficiency to his subsf- quent career. Returning to Virginia, he commenced the study of law and a course of extensive and systematic reading. This educational course, the spirit of the times in which he lived, and the society with which he asso- ciated, all combined to inspire him with a strong love of liberty, and to train him for his life-work of a statesman. Being naturally of a religious turn of mind, and his frail health leading him to think that his life was not to be long, he directed especial atten- tion to theological studies. Endowed with a mmd siugularly free from passion and prejudice, and with almost unequalled powers of reasoning, he weighed all the arguments for and against revealed religion, until his faith became so established as never to be shaken. In the spring of 1776, when 26 years of age, he was elected a member of the Virginia Convention, to frame the constitution of the State. The next year (1777), he was a candidate for the General Assembly. He refused to treat tlie whisky-loving voters, and consequently lost his election ; but those who had witnessed the talent, energy and public spirit of the modest young man, enlisted themselves in his behalf, and he was appointed to the Executive Council. Both Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson were Governors of Virginia while Mr. Madison remained member of the Council ; and tlieir appreciation of ins 32 JAMES MADISON. intellectual, social and moral worth, contributed not a little to his subsequent eminence. In the year 1780, he was elected a member of the Continental Conjiress. Here he met the most illustrious men in our land, and he was immediately assigned to one of the most conspicuous positions among them. For three years Mr. Madison continued in Con- gress, one of its most active and influential members. In the year 1784, his term having e.\pired, he was elected a member of the Virginia Legislature, No man felt more deeiily tlian Mr. Madison the utter inelliciency of the old confederacy, with no na- tional government, with no power to form treaties which would be binding, or to enforce law. There was not any State more prominent than^^^ VMES MONROE, the llfth ibidtntof The United States, wab Ijorn in Westmoreland Co., Va, April 28, 1758. His e.iily ife was passed at the place of nativity His ancestors had fur many years resided in the prov- ince in which lie was born. When, at 17 years of age, in the process of completing his education at William and Mary College, the Co- Congress assembled at Phila- delphia to deliberate upon the un- just and manifold oppressions of (ireat Britian, declared the separa- tion of the Colonies, and promul- gated the Declaration of Indejjen- dence. Had he been born ten years before it is highly probable that he would have been one of the signers of that celebrated instrument. At this time he left school and enlisted among the patriots. He joined the army when everything looked hope- less and gloomy. The number of deserters inr-eased from day to day. The invading armies came pouring in ; and the tories not only favored the cause of the mother country, but disheartened the new recruits, who were sufficiently terrified at liie prospect of con- tending with an enemy whom they had been taught to deem invincible. To such brave spirits as Ja'ues Monroe, who went right onward, undismayed througii difficulty and danger, the United States owe then- political emancipation. The young cadet joined the ranks, and espoused the cause of his injured country, with a firm determination to live or die with her strife for liberty. Firmly yet sadly he shared in the in;;l- anchoiy retreat from Harleam Heights and White I'iains, and accompanied the dispirited armyasitfied licfore its foes through New Jersey. In four montlis after the Declaration of Independence, the patriots had been beaten in seven battles. At the battle cf Trenton he led the vanguard, and, in the act of charg- ing upon the enemy he received a wound in the lef' shoulder. As a reward for his bravery, Mr. Monroe was ])ro- moted a captain of infantry ; and, having recovered from his wound, he rejoined the army. He, however, receded from the line of promotion, by becoming a;i officer in the staff of Lord Sterling. During the cam- paigns of 1777 and 1778, in the actions of Brandy wine, Germantown and Monmouth, he continued aid-de-canip; but becoming desirous to regain his position in the army, he exerted himself to collect a regiment for the Virginia line. This scheme failed owing to the exhausted condition of the State. Upon this failure he entered the office of Mr. Jefferson, at that period Governor, and pursued, with considerable ardor, the study of common law. He did not, however, entirely lay aside the knapsack for th? green bag; but on the invasions of the enemy, served as a volun teer, during the two years of his legal pursuits. In 17S2, he was elected from King George county, a member of the Leglislature of Virginia, and l)y that body lie was elevated to a seat in the Executive Couricii. He was thus honored vi'ith the confidence of his fellow citizens at 23 years of age ; and having at this early peiiod displayed some of that ability and ai)titude for legislation, which were afterwards employed with unreniittirg energy for the public good. JAMES MONROE. he was in the succeeding year chosen a member of ihe Congress of the Unilcd States. IJeeplyas Mr. MoiuoefL-k the imperfettionsof theold Confederacy, he was opixjsed to the new Constitution, ihiiiking, with many others of the Republican party, that it gave too much iX)Wi;r to the Central Government, and not enough to the individual States. Still he re- tained the esteem of his friends who were its warm supporters, and who, notwithstanding his opposition secured its adoption. In 1789, he became a member c-f the United States Senate; which office he held for four years. Every month the line of distinction be- tween the two great parties wiiich divided the nation, the Federal and the Republican, was growing more distinct. The two prominent iaeas which now sep- arated them were, that the Rei)ublican party was in sympathy with France, and also in favor of such a strict construction of the Constitution as to give the Central (iovernment as little power, and the State Governments as much power,as theConstitution would warrant. The Federalists sympathized with England, and were in favor of a liberal construction of the Con- stitution, which would give as much jiower to the Central Government as that document could possilily authorize: The leading Federalists and Re|)ublicans were alike noble men, consecrating all their energies to the good of tiie nation. Two more honest men or more pure patriots than John Adams tlie Federalist, and James Monroe the Republican, never breathed. In building u|> this majestic nation, which is destined to eclipse all Grecian and Assyrian greatness, the com- bination of their antagonism was needed to create the light ecpiilibrium. .\w\ yet each in his day was de- nounced as almost a demon. Washington was I lien President. England had es- poused tl)e cause of the Bourbons against the princi- ples of the French Revolution. All Europe was drawn into the conflict. We were feeble and far away. Washington issued a proclamation of neutrality be- tween these contending powers. France had helped us in the struggle for our lilicrties. All the despotisms of Europe were now com' lined to prevent the French from escajjing from a tyranny a thousand-fold worse thai; that which we had endured Col. Monroe, more magnanimous than prudent, was anxious that, at wliatever hazard, we should hel[) our old allies in their extremity. It was the impulse of a generous and noble nature. He violently opposed the Pres- ident's ])roclaraation as ungrateful and wanting in magnanimity. Washington, who could aporeciate such a character, developed his calm, serene, almost divine greatness, by ap|X)inting that very James Monroe, who was de- nouncing the policy of the Government, as the minister of that Government to the Republic of France. Mr. Monroe was welcomed by the National Convention in France with the most enthusiastic demonstrations. Shortly after his return to this cotmtry, Mr. Mon- roe was elected Governor of Virginia, and held the office for three yeais. He was again sent to France to co-operate with Chancellor Livingston in obtaining the vast territory then known as the Province of Louisiana, which France had but shortly before ob- tained from Spain. Their united efforts were sue cessful. F'or the comparatively small simi of fifteen millions of dollars, the entire territory of Orleans and district of Louisiana were added to tlie United States, This was probably the largest transfer of real estate which was ever made in all the history of the world. From France Mr. Monroe went to England to ob- tain from that country some recognition of our rights as neutrals, and to remonstrate against those odious impressments of our seamen. but Eng- land was unrelenting. He again returned to Eng- land on the same mission, but could receive no redress. He returned to his home and was again chosen Governor of Virginia. This he soon resigned to accept the jxjsition of Secretary of State under Madison. While in this office war with England was declared, the Secretary of War resigned, and during these trying times, the duties of the War Department were also put upon him. He was truly the anv.or- bearer of President Madison, and the most efficient business man in his cabinet. Upon the return ol peace he resigned the Department of War, l)ut con- tinued in the office of Secretary of State until the ex- piration of Mr. Madison's adminstration. At the elcc lion held the previous autumn Mr. Monroe himself had been chosen President with but liule opposition, and uix)n March 4, 1817, was inaugurated. Four year-- later he was elected for a second term. Among the important measures of his Presidency were the cession of Florida to the United Stales; the Missouri Comi)romise, and the " Monroe doctrine.'' This famous doctrine, since known as the " Monroe doctrine," was enunciated by him in 1823. At that time the I'nited States had recognized the independ- ence of the South American states, and did not wish to have European jxiwers longer attemi)ting to suli- due ixjrtions of the American Continent. The doctrine is as follows: "That we should consider any attempt on the part of European powers to extend their sys- tem to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety," and "that we could not view any interposition for the puriKjse of oppressing or controlling American governments or [irovinces in any other light than as a manifestation t)y Euroi)ean powers of an unfriendly disiwsition toward the United States." This doctrine immediately affected the course of foreign governments, and has become the ap|)roved sentiment of the United States. At the end of his fecond term Mr Monroe retired to his home in Virginia, where he lived uniil 1830, when he went to New Vork lo live with l.is son-in- law. In liiat city he died.on tlic iih of July, 1831 1 J , 5 ^ Jicla/rt^A SIXTH PRESIDENT. Ar:\ 7y^ I .:Sa 3OF2I] Ql[ll]SY ^D^IIIQS. r'S^:S-.«ivth President of the United sbtues, was bora in the rural home of his honored father. John Adams, ui Qaincy, Mass , on the nth of July, 1767. His mother, a woman, of ex.ihed f ^ ''■ ' worth, watched over his cliildhood I », I during the ahiiost constant ab- 4 ^ , • sence of his father. When but i(7)/^'j(^J '^'o''"' years of age, he stood with ha?A bis motlier on an eminence, Hsten- XoS ing to the booming of the great bat- IJIJ tie on Bunker's Hill, and gazing on «^^ upon the smoke and flames billow- \Hf4W/ ing up from the conflagration of ^^ t'harlestowu. (^ When but eleven years old he • took a tearful adieu of his mother, to sail with his father for Europe, through a fleet ot hostile British cruisers. The bright, animated boy spent a year and a half in Paiis, where his father was associated with Franklin and Lee as minister plenipotentiary. His intelligence attracted the notice of these distinguished men, and he received from them flattering marks of attention. Mr. John Adams had scarcely returned to this con -.try, in 1779, ere he was again sent abroad Again fol.A Quincy accompanied his father. At Paris he applied himself with great diligence, for six months, to 3tudy; then accompained his father to Holland, v/here he entered, first a school in .\msterdam, then the University at Leyden. About a year from this time, in t78i, when the manly 1 oy was but fourteen yea-"> of age, lie was selected by Mr. Dana, our min- ister to the Russian court, as his private secretary. In this school of incessant labor and of enobling culture he spent fourteen months, and then returned to Holland through Sweden, Denmark, Hamburg and Bremen. This lonj» journey he took alone, in the winter, when in his sixteenth year. Again he resumed his studies, under a private tutor, at Hague. Thence, in the spring of 1782, he accompanied his father t.; Paris, traveling leisurely, and forming acquaintance with the most distinguished men on the Coninci t; examining arciiitectural remains, galleries of paintings, and all renowned works of art. At Paris he again became associated with the most illustrious men of all lands in the contemplations of the loftiest temporal themes which can engross the luunjii niliid Aft^- a short visit to Knglainl lie iciur;K(l t' r I'lu^, ana consecrated all his cnciuic-, to study imlil \\,,\, 1785, when he returned to America. To a brilliant young man of eighteen, who had seen much of the world, and who was familiar with the etiquette of courts, a residence with his father in London, under such cir- cimistances, must have been extremely attractive but with judgment very rare in one of his age, he pre- ferred to return to America to complete his education in an American college. He wished then to study law, that with an honorable profession, he might be able to obtain an in*dei)endent support. Upon leaving Harvard College, at theageof twentj- he studied law for three years. In June, 1794, be- ing then but twenty-seven years of age, he was ap- pointed by Washington, resident minister at the Netherlands. Sailing from Boston in July, he reached London in October, where he was immediately admit- ted to the deliberations of Messrs. Jay and Pinckney, assisting them in negotiating a commercial treaty with Gieat Britian. After thus spending a fortnight in Loudon, he proceeded to the Hague. In July, 1797, he 'eft the Hague to go to Portugal as minister plenipotentiary. On his way to Portugal, upon arriving in London, he met with despatches directilig him to the court of Beiiin, but requesting him to remain in London until he should receive his instructions.* While wr.iting he was mairied to an American lady to whom he had been previously en- gaged, — Miss Louisa Catherine Johnson, daughter of Mr. Joshua Johnson, American consul in london; a lady endownd with that beauty and those accom- plishment which eminently fitted her to move in the elevated sphere for which she wris dt-stined. 40 JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. He reached Berlin with his wife in November, 1797 ; where he remained until July, 1799, when, having ful- filled all the purposes of his mission, lie solicited his recall. Soon after his return, in 1802, he was chosen to the Senate of Massachusetts, from Boston, and then was elected Senator of the United States for six years, from the 4th of March, 1804. His reputation, his ability and his experience, placed him immediately among the most prominent and influential members of tliat body. Especially did he sustain the Govern- ment in its measures of resistance to the encroach- ments of England, destroying our commerce and in- sulting our fiag. There was no man in America more familiar with the arrogance of the British court upon these points, and no one more resolved to present a firm resistance. In 1809, Madison succeeded Jefferson in the Pres- idential chair, and he innnediately nominated Jolin Quincy Adams minister to St. Pelersaurg. Resign- ing his professorship in Harvard College, he embarked at Boston, in August, 1809. While in Russia, Mr. Adams was an intense stu- dent. He devoted his attention to the language and history of Russia; to the Chinese trade; to the European system of weights, measures, and coins ; to the climate and astronomical observations ; while he kept up a familiar acquaintance with the Greek and Latin classics. In all the universities of Europe, a more accomplished scholar could scarcely be found. All through life the Bible constituted an importait part of his studies. It was his rule to read five chapters every day. On the 4th of March, 1817, Mr. Monroe took the Presidential chair, and immediaitely appointed Mr. Adams Secretary of State. Taking leave of his num- erous friends in public and private life in Europe, he sailed in June, 1819, for the United States. On the iSth of August, he again crossed the threshold of his home in Quincy. During the eight yearsof Mr. Mon- roe's administration, Mr. .^dams continued Secretary of State. Some time before the close of Mr. Monroe's second term of otfice, new candidates began to be presented for the Presidency. The friends of Mr. .\dams brought forward his name. It was an exciting campaign. Party spirit was never more bitter. Two hundred and sixty electoral votes were cast. Andrew Jackson re- ceived ninety-nine; John Quincy ,\dams, eighth-four; William H. Crawford, forty-one; Henry Clay, thirty- se/cn. As there was no choice by the people, the question went to the House of Representatives. Mr. Clay gave the vote of Kentucky to Mr. Adams, and he was elected. The friends of all the disappointed candidates now combined in a venomous and persistent assault upon Mr. .Xdams. There is nothing more disgraceful in *'.-••. ivist history of our country than the abuse which was [X)ured in one uninterrupted stream, ujxjn this high-minded, upright, patriotic man. There never was an administration more pure in principles, more con- scientiously devoted to the best interests of the coun- try, than that of John Quincy Adams ; and never, per- haps, was there an administration more unscrupu- lously and outrageously assailed. Mr. Adams was, to a very remarkable degree, ab- stemious and temperate in his habils; alwaxs rising early, and taking much exercise. When at his homein Quincy, he has been known to walk, before breakfast, seven miles to Boston. In Washington, it was said that he was the first man up in the city, lighting his own fire and applying himself to work in his library often long before dawn. On the 4th of March, 1829, Mr. Adams retired from the Presidency, and was succeeded by .-Andrew Jackson. John C. Calhoun was elected \'ice Presi- dent. The slavery question now began to assume portentous magnitude. Mr. Adams returned to Quincy and to his studies, which he pursued with un- abated zeal. But he was not long [jermitted to re- main in retirement. In November, 1830, he was elected representative to Congress. For seventeen years, until his death, he occupied the ixjst as repre- sentative, towering above all his peers, ever ready to do brave battle' for freedom, and winning the title of "the old man eloquent." Upon taking his seat in the House, he announced that he should hold him- self bound to no party. Probably there never was a member more devoted to his duties. He was usually the first in his place in the morning, and the last to leave his seat in the evening. Not a measure could be brought forward and escape his scrutiny. '1 he battle which Mr. Adams fought, almost singly, against the proslavery party in the Government, was sublime in Its moral daiing and heroism. For i)ersisting in presenting petitions for the abolition of slavery, he was threatened with indictment by the grand jury, with expulsion from the House, with assassination ; but no threats could intimidate him, and his final triumph was complete. It has been said of President Adams, that when his body was bent and his hair silvered by the lapse of fourscore years, yielding to the simi)le faith of a little child, he was accustomed to repeat every night, before he slept, the pra)er which his mother taught him in his infant years. On the srstof February, 1848, he rose on the floor of Congress, with a paper in his hand, to address the speaker. Suddenly he fell, again stricken by paraly- sis, and was caught in the arms of those around him. For a time he was senseless, as he was conveyed to the sofa in the rotunda. With reviving conscious- ness, he opened his eyes, looked calmly around and said " This is the end of earth ."then after a moment's pause he added, ''^ I am content" These were the last words of the grand "Old Man F.lociuent." <2J^7^Zja^fL^^^(U)^=^6t,.^^^'^^^^^ SE VEATH FRESIhENT. ^,'^ NDREW JACKSON, the seventh President of the United States, was born in Waxhaw settlement, N. C, March 15, 1767, a few days after his father's death. His parents were poor emigrants from Ireland, and took u;) '^^'^ their abode in Waxhaw set- tlement, where they lived in deepest poverty. Andrew, or Andy, as he was universally called, grew up a very rough, rude, turbulent boy. His features were coarse, his form un- gainly; and there was but veiy little in his character, made visible, which was at- tractive. When only thirteen years old he joined the volun- teers of Carolina against the British invasion. In 1781, he and his brother Robert were captured and imprisoned for a time at Camden. A British officer ordered him to brush his mud-spattered boots. " I am a prisoner of war, not your servant," was the reply of the dauntless boy. The brute drew his sword, and aimed a desperate Dlow at the head of the helpless young prisoner. .•Andrew raised his hand, and thus received two fear- ful gashes, — one on the hand and the other upon the head. The officer then turned to his brother Robert with the same de:iiand. He also refused, and re- ceived a blow from the keen-edged sabre, which quite disabled him, and which probably soon after caused his death. They suffered much other ill-treatraent, and were finally stricken with the small-pox. Their mother was successful in obtaining their exchanjje, and took her sick boys home. After a long illness Andrew recovered, and the death of his mother >oon left him entirely friendless. Andrew supported liimself in various ways, s i:aas working at the saddler's trade, teaching school and clerking in a general store, until 1784, when he entered a law office at Salisbury, N. C. He, however, gave more attention to the wild amusements of the times than to his studies. In 17 88, he was appointed solicitor for the western district of North Carolina, of which Tennessee was tlien a part. This involved many long and tedious jcurneys amid dangers of every kind, but Andrew Jackson never knew fear, and the Indians had no desire to repeat a skirniisli witn the Sharp Knife. In 179T, Mr. Jackson was married to a woman who supposed herself divorced from her former husband. Great was the surprise of both parties, two years later, to find that the conditions of the divorce had just been definitely settled by the first husband. The marriage ceremony was performed a second time, but the occur- rence was often used by his enemies to bring Mr. Jackson into disfavor. During these years he worked hard at his profes- sion, and frequently had one or more duels on hand, one of whicli, when he killed Dickenson, was espec- ially disgraceful. In January, 1796, the Territory of Tennessee then containing nearly eighty thousand inhabitants, the people met in convention at Kjiowille to frame a con- stitution. Five were sent from each of the eleven counties ,\ndrew Jackson was one of the delegates. The new State was entitled to but one member in the National House of Representatives. Andrew Jack-' son was chosen that member. Mounting his horse he rode to Philedelphin. where Congress then held its 44 ANDRE IV JACKSON. itfssioas, — a distance of about eight hundred miles. Jackson was an earnest advocate of the Denio- cr.uic party. Jefferson was his idol. He admired Bonaparte, loved France and hated England. .\s Mr. Jackson took his seat, Gen. Washington, whose second term of office was then e.xpinng, delivered his last speech to Congress. A committee drew up a complimentary address in reply. Andrew Jackson did not approve of the address, and was one of the twelve who voted against it. He was not willing to say that Gen. Washington's adminstration had been " wise, firm and patriotic." Mr. Jackson was elected to the United States Senate in 1797, but soon resigned and returned home. Soon after he was chosen Judge of the Supreme Court of his State, which jiosition he held for six years. When the war of 181 2 with Great Britian com- menced, Madison occupied the Presidential chair. Aaron Birr sent word to the President that there was an unknown man in the West, Andrew Jackson, who »• ould do credit to a commission if one were con- ferred upon him. Just at that time Gen. Jackson offeied his services and those of twenty-five hundred volunteers. His offer was accepted, and the troops were assembled at Nashville. As the British were houriy expected to make an at- tack r.pon New Orleans, where Gen. Wilkinson was in command, he was ordered to descend the river with fifteen hundred troops to aid Wilkinson. The expedition reached Natchez; and afteradelay of sev- eral weeks there, without accomplishing anything, the men were ordered back to their homes. But the energy Gen. Jackson had displayed, and his entire devotion to the comrfort of his soldiers, won him golden opinions; and he became the most ix)pular man in the State. It was in this expedition that his toughness gave him the nickname of " (^Id Hickory.'" SoDn after this, while attempting to horsewhip Col. Thomas H. Benton, for a remark that gentleman m.ide about his taking a part as second in a duel, in which a younger brother of Benton's was engaged, he received two severe [listol wounds. While he was lingering \\\iot\ a bed of suffering news came that the Indians, who had combined under Tecumseh from Florida to the Lakes, to exterminate the white set- ters, were committing the most awful ravages. De- cisive action became necessary. Gen. Jackson, with his fractured bone just beginning to heal, his arm in a sling, and uiiable to mount his horse without assis- tance, gave his amazing energies to the raising of an army to rendezvous at Fayettesville, .\labama. The Creek Indians had established a strong fort on one of the bends of the Tallapoosa River, near the cen- ter of Alabama, about fifty miles below Fort Strother. With an army of two thousand men. Gen. Jackson traversed the pathless wilderness in a march of eleven days. He reached their fort, called Tohoi^eka or Horse-shoe, on the 27th of March. 181.1. The bend of the river enclosed nearly one hundred acres of tangled forest and wild ravine. Across the narrow neck the Indians had constructed a formidable brca:,t- work of logs and brush. Here nine hundred warriors, with an ample suplyof arms were assembled. The fort was stormed. The fight was utterly des- perate. Not an Indian would accei)t of quarter. When bleeding and /Jying, they would tight those who en- deavored to spare their lives. From ten in the morn- ing until dark, the battle raged. The carnage was awful and revolting. Some threw themselves into the river; but the unerring bullet struck their heads as they swam. Nearly everjone of the nine hundred war- rios were killed .\ few probably, in the night, swam the river and escajjed. This ended the war. The jwwer of the Creeks was broken forever. This Lold plunge into the wilderness, with its territhc slaughter, so appalled the savages, that the haggard renmai.ts of the bands caaie to the camp, begging for peace. This closing of the Creek war enabled us to con- centrate all our militia upon the British, who were the allies of the Indians No man of less resolute will than Gen. Jackson could have conducted this Indian campaign to so successful an issue Immediately he was apixjinted major-general. Late in .\ugust, with an army of two thousand men, on a rushing march. Gen. Jackson came to Mobile. A British fleet came from Pensacola, landed a force ujwn the beach, anchored near the little fori, and from both ship and shore commenced a furious assault The battle was long and doubtful. At length one of the ships was blown up and the rest retired. Garrisoning Mobile, where he had taken his liith; army, he moved his troops to New Orleans, -And the battle of New Orleans w hich soon ensued, was in reality a very arduous campaign. This won for Gen. Jackson an imperishable name. Here his troops, which numbered about four thousand men, won a signal victory over the British army of al>out nine thousand. His loss was but thirteen, while the loss of the British was two thousand six hundred. The name of Gen. Jackson soon began to be men- tioned in connection with the Presidency, but, in 1824, he was defeated by Mr. Adams. He was, however, successful in the election of 1828, and was re-elected for a second term in 1832. In 1829, just before he assumed the reins of the government, he met with the most terrible affliction of his life in the death of his wife, whom he had loved with a devotion which has perhaps never been surpassed. From the shock of her death he never recovered. His administration was one of the most memorable in the annals of our country; applauded by one party, condemned by the other. No man had more bitter enemies or wanner friends. \i the expiration of his two terms of office he retired to the Hermit.Tge, where he died June S, 1S45. The last years of Mr. Jack- son's life were thac of a devoted Christian man. ^o w *«MS^ "iT-j^^TJa^ EIGHTH PRESIDENT. « r 22' "• ' • "' ■ ttes'' :-— ; ' ARTIN VAN BUREN, the eighth President of the United States, was born at Kinderhook, N. Y., Dec. 5, 1782. He died at the same place, July 24, 1S62. His body rests in the cemetery at Kinderhook. Above it is a plain granite shaft fifteen feet high, bearing a simple inscription about halt way up on one face. The lot is unfenced, unbordered or unbounded by shrub or flower. There is but little in the life of Martin Van Buren Df romantic interest. He fought no battles, engaged in no wild adventures. Though his life was stormy in political and intellectual conflicts, and he gained many signal victories, his days passed uneventful in those incidents which give zest to biography. His an- cestors, as his name indicates, were of Dutch origin, and were among the earliest emigrants from Holland to the banks of the Hudson. His father was a farmer, residing in the old town of Kinderhook. His mother, also of Dutch lineage, was a woman of superior intel- ligence and exemplary piety. Hj was decidedly a precocious boy, developing un- usual activity, vigor and strength of mind. At the age of fourteen. Ire had finished his academic studies i.i liis native village, and commenced the study of law. As he had not a collegiate education, seven years of study in a law-office were required of him before he could be ad.riitted to the bar. Inspired with a lofty ambition, and conscious of his powers, he pur- sued his studies with indefatigable industry. After spending six ye.) IS in an office in his native village. he went to the city of New York, and prosecuted his studies for the seventh year. In 1803, Mr. Van Buren, then twenty-one years of age, commenced the practice of law in his native vil- lage. The great conflict between the Federal and Republican party was then at its height. Mr. Van Buren was from the beginning a politician. He had, perhaps, imbibed that spirit while listenkig to the many discussions which had been carried on in his f.uher's hotel. He was in cordial sympathy with Jefferson, and earnestly and eloquently espoused I he cause of .State Rights; though at that time the Fed- eral party held the supremacy both in his town and State. His success and increasing ruputation led him after six years of practice, to remove to Hudson, th. county seat of his county. Here he spent seven years constantly gaining strcngtii liy contending in the courts with some of the ablest men who have adorned the bar of his State. Just before leaving Kinderhook for Hudson, Mi. Van Buren married a lady alike distinguished for beauty and accomijlishmenls. After twelve short years she sank into the grave, the victim of consump- tion, leaving her husband and four sons to weep over her loss. For twenty-five years, Mr. Van Buren was an earnest, successful, assiduous lawyer. The record of those years is barren in items of public interest. In 1812, when thirty years of age, he was chosen to the State Senate, and gave his strenuous support to Mr. Madison's adminstration. In 18 15, he was ap- pointed Attorney-General, and the next year moved to Albany, the capital of the Slate. '.Vhile he was acknowledged ;is one of the most p. ominent leaders of the Democratic nartv, he liad 48 MARTIN VAN BVREN. the moral courage to avow that true democracy did not require that " universal suffrage" which admits the vile, the degraded, the ignorant, to the right of governing the State. In true consistency with his democratic principles, he contended that, while the path leading to the privilege of voting should be open to every man without distinction, no one should he invested with that sacred prerogative, unless he were in some degree qualified for it by intelligence, virtue and some properly interests in the welfare of tlie State. In 182 1 he was elected a member of the United States Senate; and in the same year, he took a seat in the convention to revise the constitution of his .lative State. His course in this convention secured .he approval of men of all parties. No one could doubt the singleness of his endeavors to promote the interests of all classes in the community. In the Senate of the United States, he rose at once to a conspicuous position as an active and useful legislator. In 1827, John Quincy Adams being then in tlie Presidential chair, Mr. Van Buren was re-elected to .ne Senate. He had been from the beginning a de- termined opposer of the Administration, adopting the "State Rights" view in opposition to what was deemed the Federal proclivities of Mr. Adams. Soon after this, in 1828, he was chosen Oovernorof the State of New York, and accordingly resigned liis seat in the Senate. Probably no one in the United States contributed so much towards ejecting John Q. Adams from the Presidential chair, and placing in it Andrew Jackson, as did Martin Van Buren. Whether entitled to the reputation or not, he certainly was re- garded throughout the United States as one of the most skillful, sagacious and cunning of politicians !t was supposed that no one knew so well as he how ;o touch the secret spiings of action; how to pull all ;iie wires to put his machinery in motion ; and how to organize a political army which would, secretly and rtealthily accomplish the most gigantic results. By these lowers it is said that he outv/itted Mr. Adams, Mr. Clay, Mr. Webster, and secured results which few thought then could be accomplished. Wiieii Andrew Jackson was elected President he apixyinted Mr. Van Buren Secretary of State. This position he resigned in 1831, and was immediately appointed Minister to England, where he went the same autumn. Tiie Senate, however, wlien it met, refused to ratify the nomination, and lie leturned home, apparently untroubled; was nominated Vice President in the place of Calhoun, at the re-election of President Jackson ; and with smiles for all and fiowns for none, he took his plage at the head of that Senate which had refused to confimi his nomii.at:on as ambassador. His rejection by the Senate roused al! the zeal of President Jackson in behalf of his repudiated favor- ite; and this, probably more than any other cause, secured his elevation to the chair of the Chief Execu- tive. On the 20th of May, 1836, Mr. Van Buren re- ceived the Democratic nomination to succeed Gen. Jackson as President of the United States He was elected by a handsome majority, to the delight of the retiring President. " Leaving New York out K^i the canvass," says Mr. Parton, "the election of Mr. \an Buren to the Presidency was as much the act of Gen. Jackson as though tlie Constitution had conferred upon him the power to apix)int a successor." His administration was filled with exciting events. The insurrection in Canada, which threatened to in volve this countr)'in war with Jingland, the agitation of the slavery question, and finally the great commer- cial panic which spread over the country, all were trials to his wisdom. The financial distress was at- triliuied to the management of the Democratic party, and brought the President into such disfavor that he failed of re election. With the exception of being nominated for the Presidency by the "Free Soil" Democrats, in 1848, Mr. Van Buren lived quietly uix)n his estate until his death. He had ever been a prudent man, of frugal habits, and living within his income, had now fortunately a competence for his declining years. His unblemished character, his commanding abilities, his unquestioned patriotism, and the distinguished positions which he had occupied in the government of our country, se- cured to him not only the homage of his party, but the respect ot the whole community. It was on the 4th of March, 1841, that Mr. Van Buren retired from the presidency. From his fine estate at Lindenwald, he still exerted a powerful influence uix)n the politics of the country. From this time until his death, on the 24th of July, 1862. at the age of eighty years, he resided at Lindenwald, a gentleman of leisure, of culture and of wealth; enjoying in a healthy old age, probably far more hapjiiness than he had before experienced amid the stormy scenes of his active life. /c/. /j^f/a^^^-i NINTH PRESIDENT. % ILLIAM HENRY HARRI- SO>J, the ninth President of the United States, was born at Berkeley, Va., Feb. 9, 1773. His father, Benjamin Harri- son, was in comparatively op- ulent circumstances, and was one of the most distinguished men of his day. He was an intimate friend of George Washington, w as early elected a member of the Continental Congress, and was conspicuous among the patriots of Virginia in resisting the encroachments of the British crown. In the celebrated Congress of 1775, Benjamin Har- rison and John Hancock were both candidates for the office of )eaker. Mr Harrison was subsequently chosen Governor of Virginia, and was twice re-elected. His son, i William Henry, of course enjoyed in childhood all the advantages which wealth and intellectual and cultivated society could give. Hav- i.ig received a thorough common-school education, he entered Hampden Sidney College, where he graduated with honor soon after the death of his father. He -hen repaired to Philadelphia to study medicine under the instructions of Dr. Rush and the guardianship of Robert Morris, both of whom were, with his father, signers of the Declaration of Independence. Upon the outbreak of the Indian troubles, and not- withstanding the remonstrances of his friends, he ai)andoned his medical studies and entered tlie army, having obtained a commission of Ensign from Presi- dent Washington. He was then but 19 years old. From that time he passed gradually upward in rank until he became aid to General Wayne, after whose death he resigned his commission. He was then ap- pointed Secretary of the North-western Territory. This Territory was then entitled to but one member in Congress and Capt. Harrison was chosen to fill that position. In the spring of 1800 the North-western Territory was divided by Congress into two portions. The eastern portion, comprising the region now embraced in the State of Ohio, was called " The Territory north-west of the Ohio." The western portion, which included what is now called Indiana, Illinois and Wisconsin, was called the "Indiana Territory." Wil- liam Henry Harrison, then 27 years of age, was ap- ix)inted by John Adams, Governor of the Indiana Territory, and immediately after, also Governor of Upper Louisiana. He was thus ruler over almost as extensive a realm as any sovereign upon the globe. He .was,. Superintendent of Indian Affairs, and was in- vested with powers nearly dictatorial over the now rapidly increasing white population. The ability and fidelity with which he discharged these responsible duties may be inferred from the fact that he was four times appointed to this office — first by John Adams, twice by Thomas Jefferson and afterwards by Presi- dent Madison. When he began his adminstration there were but three white settlements in that almost boundless region, now crowded with cities and resounding with all the tumult of wealth and traffic. One of these settlements was on the Ohio, nearly oi>posite Louisville; one at Vincennes, on the Wabash, and the third a French settlement. The vast wilderness over which Gov. Harrisoi. reigned was filled with many tribes of Indians. Abou' WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. the year 1806, two extraordinary raer, twin brothers, of the Shawnese tribe, rose among them. Or.e of these was called Tecumseh, or " The Crouching Panther;" the other, OUiwacheca, or " The Prophet." Tecumseh was not only an Indian warrior, but a man of great sagacity, far-reaching foresight and indomit- able perseverance in any enterprise in which he might engage. He was inspired with the highest enthusiasm, and had long regarded with dread and with hatred the encroachment of the whiles upon the hunting- grounds of his fathers. His brother, the Prophet, was anorator, wlio could sway the feelings of the untutored Indian as the gale tossed the tree-tops beneath which they dwelt. But the Prophet was not merely anorator: he was, in the superstitious minds of the Indians, invested with the superhuman dignity of a medicine-man or a m.agician. With an enthusiasm unsurpassed by Peter the Hermit rousing Europe to the crusades, he went from tribe to tribe, assuming that he was specially sent by the Great Spirit. Gov. Harrison made many attempts to conciliate the Indians, but at last the war came, and at Tippe- canoe the Indians were routed with great slaughter. October 28, 18 12, his army began its march. When near the Prophet's town three Indians of rank made their appearance and inquired why (iov. Harrison was approaching tliem in so hostile an attitude. After a siiort conference, arrangements were made for a meet- ing the next day, to agree upon terms of peace. But Gov. Harrison was too well acquainted with the Indian character to be deceived by such protes- tations Selecting a favorable six)t for his night's en- campment, he took every precaution against surprise His troops were posted in a hollow square, and slept upon their arms. The troops threw themselves upon the ground for rest; but every man had his accourtrements on, his loaded musket by his side, and his bayonet fixed. The wakeful Governor, between three and four o'clock in the morning, had risen, and was sitting in conversa- tion with his aids by the embers of a waning fire. It was a chill, cloudy morning with a drizzling rain. In the darkness, the Indians had crept as near as possi- ble, and just then, with a savage yell, rushed, with all the desperation which superstition and passion most liighly inflamed could give, upon the left flank of the little army. The savages had been amply provided with guns and ammunition by the English. Their war-whoop was accompained by a shower of bullets. The camp-fires were instantly extinguished, as the light aided the Indians in their aim. With hide- tus yells, the Indian bands rushed on, not doubting a speedy and an entire victory. But Gen. Harrison's irooiis stood as immovable as the rocks around them iintil day dawned: they then made a simultaneous charge with the bayonet, and swept every thing be- fore them, and completely routing the foe. Gov. Harrison now had all his energies tasked to the utmost. The British descending from theCan- adas, were of themselves a very formidable force ; but with their savage allies, rushing like wolves from the forest, searching out every remote farm-house, burn- ing, plundering, scalping, torturing, the wide frontier was pluiiged into a state of consternation which even the most vivid imagination can but faintly conceive. The war-whoop was resounding everywhere in the forest. The horizon was illuminated with the conflagra- tion of the cabins of the settlers. Gen Hull had made the ignominious surrender of his forces at Detroit. Under these despairing circumstances. Gov. Harrison was apixiinted by President Madison commander-in- chief of the North-western army, with orders to retake Detroit, and to protect the fronders. It would be difficult to place a man in a situation demanding more energy, sagacity and courage; but General Harrison was found equal to the posirion, and nobly and triumphantly did he meet all the re sponsibilities. He won the love of his soldiers by always sharing with them their fatigue. His whole baggage, while pursuing the foe up the Thames, was carried in a valise; and his bedding consisted of a single blanket lashed over his saddle. Thirty-five British officers, his prisoners of war, supped with him after the battle. The only fare he could give them was beef roasted before the fire, without bread or salt. In 1816, Gen. Harrison was chosen a member of the Narional House of Representatives, to represent the District of Ohio. In Congress he proved an active member; and whenever he sjMkc, it was with force of reason and power of eloquence, which arrested the attention of all the members. In 1 819, Harrison was elected to the Senate oi Ohio; and in 1824, as one of the i>residential electors of that State, he gave his vote for Henry Clay. The same year he was chosen to the United States Senate. In 1836, the friends of Gen. Harrison brought him forward as a candidate for the Presidency against Van Buren, but he was defeated. At the close of Mr. Van Buren's term, he was re-nomirated by his party, and Mr. Harrison was unanimously nominated by the Whigs, with John Tyler forthe Vice Presidency. The contest was very animated. Gen Jackson gave all his influence to prevent Harrison's election ; but his triumph was signal. The cabinet wliich he formed, with Daniel Webster at its head as Secretary of State, was one of the most brilliant with which any President had ever been surrounded. Never were the prospects of an admin- istration more flattering, or the hopes of the country more sanguine. In the midst of these bright and joyous prospects. Gen. Harrison was seized by a pleurisv-fever and after a few days of violent sick- ness, died on the 4th of April ; just one month after his inauguration as President of the United States. J(rfb ■hTL TENTH PRESIDENT. \ OHN TYLER, the tenth 1 residentof the United States. He w is born in Charles-city Co , Va., March 29, 1790. He w IS the favored child of af- fluence and high social po- sition. At the early age of twelve, John entered \Villiam and Mary College and grad- uated with much honor when but seventeen years old. After graduating, he devoted him- self with great assiduity to the study of law, partly with his father and partly with Edmund Randolph, one of the most distin- guished lawyers of Virginia. At nineteen years of age, ne il'lllil commenced the practice of law. /ils|to His success was rapid and aston- ||W ishmg. It is said that three months had not elapsed ere there was scarcely a case on the dock- et of the court in which he was When but twenty-one years of age, he nimously elected to a seat in the State He connected himself with the Demo- cratic party, and warmly advocated the measures of Tefferson and Madison. For five successive years he" v/:is elected to the Legislature, receiving nearly the unanimous vote or his county. When but twenty-six years of age, he was elected a member of Congress. Here he acted earnestly and ably with the Democratic party, opposing a national liunk, internal improvements by the General f^ove'-n- iict retained, was almost t Legislature. ment, a protective tariff, and advocatmg a strict con- struction of the Constitution, and the most careful vigilance over State rights. His labors in Congress were so arduous that before the close of his second term he found it necessary to resign and retire to his estate in Charles-city Co., to recruit his health. He, however, soon after consented to take his seat in the State Legislature, where his influence was powerful in promoting public works of great utility. With a reputation thus canstantly increasing, he was chosen by a very large majority of votes, Governor of his native State. His administration was signally a suc- cessful one. His popularity secured his re-election. John Randolph, a brilliant, erratic, half-crazed man, then represented Virginia in the Senate of the United States. A portion of the Democratic party was displeased with Mr. Randolph's wayward course, and brought forward John Tyler as his opponent, considering him the only man in Virginia of sufficient popularity to succeed against the renowned orator of Roanoke. Mr. Tyler was the victor. In accordance with his professions, upon taking his seat in tlie Senate, he joined the ranks of the opposi- tion. He opposed the tariff; he spoke against and voted against the bank as unconstitutional ; he stren- uously opposed all restrictions upon slavery, resist- ing all projects of internal improvements by the Gen- eral Government, and avowed his sympathy with Mr. Calhoun's view of nullification ; he declared that Gen. Jackson, by his opposition to the nullifiers, had abandoned the principles of the Democratic party. Such was Mr. Tyler's record in Congress, — a record in perfect accordance with the principles which he had always avowed. Returning to Virginia, he resumed the practice of his profession. There was a :pl:t in the Democratic JOHN TYLER. party. His friends still regarded him as a true Jef- fersonian, gave him a dinner, and showered compli- meuts upon him. He had now attained the age of forty-six. His career had been very brilliant. In con- sequence of his devotion to public business, his pri- vate affairs had fallen into some disorder; and it was not without satisfaction that he resumed the practice of law, and devoted himself to tlie culture of his plan- tation. Soon after this he removed to Williamsburg, for the better education of his children ; and he again took his seat in the Legislature of Virginia. By the Southern Whigs, he was sent to the national convention at Harrisburg to nominate a President in 1839. The majority of votes were given to Gen. Har- rison, a genuine Whig, much to the disappointment of the South, who wished for Henry Clay. To concili- ate the Southern Whigs and to secure their vote, the convention then nominated John Tyler for Vice Pres- ident. It was well known that he was not in sympa- thy with the Whig party in the Notth: but the Vice President lias but very little power in the Govern- ment, his main and almost only duty being to pre- side over the meetings of the Senate. Thus it hap- pened that a Whig President, and, in reality, a Democratic Vice President were chosen. In 1 84 1, Mr. Tyler was inaugurated Vice Presi- dent of the United States. In one short month from that time. President Harrison died, and Mr. Tyler thus found himself, to his own surprise and that of the whole Nation, an occupant of the Presidential chair. This was a new test of the stability of our institutions, as it was the first time in the history of our country that such an event had occured. Mr. Tyler was at home in Williamsburg when he received the unexpected tidings of the death of President Harri- son. He hastened to Washington, and on the 6th of April was inaugurated to the high and responsible office. He was placed in a position of exceeding delicacy and difficulty. All his long life he had been opiX)sed to the main principles of the party which had brought him into power. He had ever been a con- sistent, honest man, with an unblemished record. Gen. Harrison had selected a Whig cabinet. Should he retain them, and thus surround himself with coun- sellors whose views were antagonistic to his own? or, on the other hand, should he turn against the party which had elected him and select a cabinet in har- mony with himself, and which would oppose all those views which the Whigs deemed essential to the pub- lic welfare? This was his fearful dilemma. He in- vited the cabinet which President Harrison had selected to retain their seats. He reccommended a day of fasting and prayer, that God would guide and bless us. The Whigs carried through Congress a bill for the incor[X)ration of a fiscal bank of the United States. The President, after ten days' delay, returned it with his veto. He «uagested, however, that he would approve of a bill drawn up upon such a plan as he proposed. Such a bill was accordingly prepared, and privately .submitted to him. He gave it his approval. It was passed without alteration, and he sent it back with his veto. Here commenced the open rupture. It is said that Mr. Tyler was provoked to this meas- ure by a published letter from the Hon. John M. Botts, a distinguished Virginia Whig, who severely touched the pride of the President. The opposition now exultinglyreceived the Presi- dent into their arms. The party which elected him denounced him bitterly. All the members of his cabinet, e.xcepting Mr. Webster, resigned. The Whigs of Congress, both the Senate and the House, held a meeting and issued an address to the people of the United States, proclaiming that all political alliance between the Whigs and President Tyler were at an end. Still the President attempted to conciliate. He appointed a new cabinet of distinguished Whigs and Conservatives, carefully leaving out all strong party men. Mr. Webster soon found it necessary to resign, forced out by the pressure of his Whig friends. Thus the four years of Mr. Tyler's unfortunate administra- tion passed sadly away. No one was satisfied. The land was filled with murmurs and vitujieration. Whigs and Democrats alike assailed him. ^lore and more, however, he brought himself into sympathy with his old friends, the Democrats, until at the close of his term, he gave his whole influence to the support of Mr. Polic, the Democratic candidate for his successor. On the 4th of March, 1845, he retired from the harassments of office, tothe regret of neitherparty, and probably to his own unspeakable lelief. His first wife. Miss Letitia Christian, died in Washington, in 1842; and in June, 1844, President Tyler was again married, at New York, to Miss Julia Gardiner, a young lady of many personal and intellectual accomplishments. The remainder of his days Mr. Tyler i)assed mainly in retirement at his beautiful home, — Sherwood For- est, Charles city Co., Va. A polished gentleman in his manners, richly furnished with information from books and experience in the world, and jxissessing brilliant jxjwers of conversation, his family circle was the scene of unusual attractions. \\ith sufficient moans for the exercise of a generous hospitality, he might have enjoyed a serene old age with the few friends who gathered around him, were it not for the storms of civil war which his own principles and policy had heljied to introduce. When the great Rebellion rose, which the State- rights and nullifying doctrines of Mr. John C. Cal- houn had inaugurated. President Tyler renounced his allegiance to the United States, and joined the Confed- erates. He was chosen a member of their Congress; and while engaged in active measures to destroy, by force of arms, 'he Government over which he had once presided, he was taken sick and soon died. ,sJ^.^^€^ -^(^ '^-^^ ELEIENTH PRESIDENT. o.m\ ^f'vr AMES K. POLK, the eleventh KjPresident of the United States, was born in Mecklenburg Co., C.,Nov. 2, 1795. His par- ents were Samuel and Jane (Knox) Polk, the former a son of Col. Thomas Polk, who located It the above place, as one of the first pioneers, in 1735. In the year 1S06, with his wife and children, and soon after fol- lowed by most of the members of the Polk farnly, Samuel Polk emi- grated some two or three hundred miles farther west, to the rich valley of the Duck River. Here in tlie midst of the wilderness, in a region which was subsequently called Mau- ry Co., they reared their log huls, and established their homes. In the hard toil of a new farm in the wil- derness, James K. Polk spent the early years of his childhood and youth. His father, adding the pur- suit of a surveyor to that of a farmer, gradually increased in wealth until he became one of the leading men of the region. His mother was a superior woman, of strong common sense and earnest piety. Very early in life, James developed a taste for reading and e.xpressed the strongest desire to obtain a liberal education. His mother's training had made him methodical in his habits, had taught him punct- uality and industry, and had inspired him with lofty principles of morality. His health was frail ; and his father, fearing that he might not be able to endure a sedentary life, got a situation for him behind tho counter, hoping to fit him for commercial pursuits. This was to James a bitter disappointment. He had no taste for these duties, and his daily tasks were irksome in the extreme. He remained in this uncongenial occupation but a few weeks, when at liis earnest solicitation his father removed him, and made arrangements for him to prosecute his studies. Soon after he sent him to Murfreesboro Academy. With ardor which could scarcely be surpassed, he pressed forward in his studies, and in less than two and a half years, in the autumn of 1815, entered the sophomore class in the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill. Here he was one of the most exemplary of scholars, punctual in every exercise, never allowing himself to be absent from a recitation or a religious service. He graduated in 1818, with the highest honors, be=> ing deemed the best scholar of his class, both in mathematics and the classics. He was then twenty, three years of age. Mr. Polk's health was at thi" time much impaired by the assiduity with which he had prosecuted his studies. After a short season of relaxation he went to Nashville, and entered the office of Felix Grundy, to study law. Here Mr. PoU renewed his acquaintance with Andrew Jackson, who resided on his plantation, the Hermitage, but a few miles from Nashville. They had probably beei slightly acquainted before. Mr. Polk's father was a Jeffersonian Republican, and James K. Polk ever adhered to the same politi- cal faith. He was a popular public speaker, and was constantly called upon to address the meetings of his party friends. His skill as a speaker was such thr.t he was popularly called the Napoleon of the stump He was a man of unblemished morals, genL-.l .-^:d 6o /AMES K. POLK. tourterus in his bearing, and with that sympathetic natu'-e in the jo> s and griefs of others which ever gave him troops of friends. In 1823, Mr. Polk was elected to the Legislature of Tennessee. Here he gave his strong influence towards the election of his friend, Mr. Jackson, to the Presidency of the United States. In January, 1824, Mr. Polk married Miss Sarah Childress, of Rutherford Co., Tenn. His bride was altogether worthy of him, — a lady of beauty and cul- ture. In the fall of 1825, Mr. Polk was chosen a member of Congress. The satisfaction which he gave to liis constituents may be inferred from the fact, that for fourteen successive years, until 1839, he was con- tinuec' in that office. He then voluntarily withdrew, only that he might accept the Gubernatorial chair of If^nnessee. In Congress he was a laborious member, a frequent and a popular speaker. He was always in his seat, always courteous; and whenever he spoke it was always to the jioint, and without any ambitious rhetorical display. During five sessions of Congress, Mr. Polk was Speaker of the House Strong passions were roused, and stormy scenes were witnessed ; but Mr. Polk per- formed his arduous duties to a very general satisfac- tion, and a unanimous vote of thanks to him was passed by the House as he withdrew on the 4th of March, 1839. In accordance with Southern usage, Mr. Polk, as a candidate for Governor, canvassed the State. He was elected by a large majority, and on the 14th of Octo- ber, 1839,100k the oath of office at Nashville. In 1841, his term of office expired, and he was again the can- didate of the Democratic party, but was defeated. On the 4th of March, 1845, Mr. Polk was inaugur- ated President of the United States. The verdict of the country in favor of the annex:ttion of Texas, exerted its influence upon Congress ; and the last a'ct of the administration of President Tyler was to affix his sig- nature to a joint resolution of Congress, passed on the 3d of March, approving of the annexation of Texas to the American Union. As Mexico still claimed Texas as one of her provinces, the Mexican minister, Almonte, immediately demanded his pass[X)rts and left the country, declaring the act of the annexation to be an act hostile to Mexico. In his first message. President Polk urged that Texas should immediately, by act of Congress, be re- ceived into the Union on the same footing with the other States. In the meantime, Gen. Taylor was sent with an army into Texas to hold the country. He was sent first to Nueces, which the Mexicans said was the western boundary of Texas. Then he was sent neariy two hundred miles further west, to the Rio Grande, where he erected batteries which commanded the Mexican city of Matamoras, which was situated on the western banks. The anticipated collision soon took place, and war was declared against Mexico by President Polk. The war was pushed forward by Mr. Polk's administration with great vigor. Gen. Taylor, whose army was first called one of "observation," then of "occupation," then of " invasion, "was sent forward to Monterey. The feeble Mexicans, in every encounter, were hopelessly and awfully slaughtered. The day of judgement alone can reveal the misery which this war caused. It was by the ingenuity of Mr. Polk's administration that the war was brought on. 'To the victors belong the spoils." Mexico was prostrate before us. Her capital was in our hands We now consented to peace upon the condition that Mexico should surrender to us, in addition to Texas, all of New Mexico, and all of Upper and Lower Cal- ifornia. This new demand embraced, exclusive of Texas, eight hundred thousand square miles. This was an extent of territory equal to nine States of the size of New York. Thus slavery was securing eighteen majestic States to be added to the Li nion. There were some Americans who thought it all right : there were others who thought it all wrong. In the prosecution of this war, we expended twenty thousand lives and more than a hundred million of dollars. Of this money fifteen millions were paid to Mexico. On the 3d of March, 1849, Mr. Polk retired from office, having served one term. The next day was Sunday. On the 5th, Gen. Taylor was inaugurated as his successor. Mr. Polk rode to the Capitol in the same carriage with Gen. Taylor; and the same even- ing, with Mrs. Polk, he commenced his return to Tennessee. He was then but fifty-four years of age. He had ever been strictly temperate in all his habits, and his health was good. With an ample fortune, a choice library, a cultivated mind, and domestic ties of the dearest nature, it seemed as though long years of tranquility and happiness were Ijefore him. But the cholera — that fearful scourge— was then sweeping up the Valley of the Mississippi. This he contracted, and died on the 15th of June, 1849, in the fifty-fourth year of his age, greatly mourned by his countrymen. '^p(^- TWELFTH PRESIDENT. /ACMARV lAYLOR. ACHARY TAYLOR, twelfth Prcbident of the United States, was born on the 24th of Nov., 1784, 111 Orange Co., Va. His father, Colonel Taylor, was (Wi* ^/M. '^ a Virgmian of note, and a dis- tmguished patriot and soldier of llie Revolution. When Zachary w IS m nifant, his father with his wife md two children, emigrated to Kentucky, where he settled in the pathless wilderness, a few miles from Louisville. \n this front- ier home, away from civilization and ill its refinements, young Zachary could enjoy but few social and educational advan- tages. When six years of age he attended a common 5chool, and was then regarded as a bright, active boy, rather remarkable for blnntness and decision of char- acter He was strong, feailess and self-reliant, and flnanifested a strong desire to enter the army to fight the Lidians who were ravaging the frontiers. There is little to be recorded of the uneventful years of his childhood ow his father's large but lonely plantation. Li 1808, his father succeeded in obtaining for him the commission of lieutenant in the United States army ; and he joined the troops which were stationed at New Orleans under Gen. Wilkinson. Soon after this he married Miss Margaret Smith, a young lady from one of the first families of Maryland. Immediately after the declaration of war with Eng- land, in 18 12, Capt. Taylor (for he had then been promoted to that rank) was put in command of Fort Harrison, on the Wabash, about fifty miles above Vincennes. This fort had been built in the wilder- ness by Gen. Harrison,on his march to Tippecanoe. It was one of the first points of attack by the Indians, led by Tecumseh, Its garrison consisted of a broken company of infantry numbering fifty men, many of whom were sick. Early in the autumn of 1812, the Indians, stealthily, and in large numbers, moved upon the fort. Ti.. 1 approach was first indicated by tlie murder of two soldiers just outside of the stockade. Capt. Taylor made every possible preparation to meet the anti>.;- pated assault. On the 4th of September, a band of forty painted and plumed savages came to the fort, waving a white flag, and informed Capt. Taylor thi.t in the morning their chief would come to have a talk with him. It was evident that their object was merely to ascertain the state of things at the fort, and Capt. Taylor, well versed in the wiles of the savages, kept them at a distance. The sun went down ; the savages disappeared, the garrison slept upon their arms. One hour before midnight the war whoop burst from a thousand lips in the forest around, followed by the discharge of musketry, and the rush of the foe. Every man, sick and well, sprang to his post. Every man knew that defeat was not merely death, but in the case of cap- ture, death by the most agonizing and prolonged tor- ture. No pen can describe, no immagination can conceive the scenes which ensued. The savages suc- ceeded in setting fire to one of the block-houses- Until si.x o'clock in the morning, this -awful conflict continued. The savages then, baffled at every point, and gnashing their teeth with rage, retired. Capt. Taylor, for this gallant defence, was promoted to the rank of major by brevet. Until the close of the war. Major Taylor was placed in such situations that he saw but little more of active service. He was sent far away into the depths of the wilderness, to Fort Crawford, on Fox River, which empties into Green Bay. Here there was but little to be done but to wear away the tedious hours as one best could. There were no books, no society, no in- 64 ZACHARY TAYLOR tellectual stimulus. Thus with him the uneventful years rolled on Gradually he rose to the rank of colonel. In the Black-Hawk war, which resulted in the capture of that renowned chieftain, Col Taylor took a subordinate but a brave and efficient part. For twenty-four years Col. Taylor was engaged in the defence of the frontiers, in scenes so remote, and in employments so obscure, that his name was unknown beyond the limits of his own immediate acquaintance. In the year 1836, he was sent to Florida to comjjel the Seminole Indians to vacate that region and re- tire beyond the Mississippi, as their chiefs by treaty, hac" promised they should do. The services rendered he.e secured for Col. Taylor the high appreciation of the Government; and as a reward, he was elevated tc :he rank of brigadier-general by brevet ; and soon after, in May, 1838, was appointed to the chief com- mand of the United States troops in Florida. After two years of such wearisome employment amidst the everglades of the peninsula. Gen. Taylor obtained, at his own request, a change of command, ^nd was stationed over the Department of the South- west. This field embraced iLouisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia. Establishing his headquarters at Fort Jessup, in Louisiana, he removed his family to a plantation which he purchased, near Baton Rogue. Here he remained for five years, buried, as it were, from the wodd, but faithfully discharging every duty imposed upon him. In 1846, Gen. Taylor was sent to guard the land between the Nueces and Rio Grande, the latter river being the boundary of Texas, which was then claimed by the United States. Soon the war with Mexico was brought on, and at Palo Alto and Rcsaca de la Palma, Gen. Taylor won Ijrillianl victories over the Mexicans. The rank of major-general by brevet was then conferred upon Gen. Taylor, and iiis name was received with enthusiasm almost everywhere in the Nation. Then came the iiattles of Monterey and Buena Vista in which he won signal victories over forces much larger than he commanded. His careless habits of dress and his unaffected simplicity, secured for Gen. Taylor among his troops, xht sobriquet of "Old Rough and Ready.' Tne tidings of the brilliant victory of Buena Vista .-pread the wildest enthusiasm over the country. The name of Gen. Taylor was on every one's lips. The Whig party decided to take advantage of tliis wonder- ful poi)ularity in bringing forward the unpolished, un- lettered, honest soldier as their candidate for the Presidency. Gen. Taylor was astonished at the an- nouncement, and for a time would not listen to it; de- rlaringthat he was not at all (pialified for such an office. So little interest had he taken in politics that, for forty years, he had not cast a vote. It was not without chagrin that several distinguished statesmen who had been long years in the public service found t!.:.ir claims set aside in behalf of one whose name had never been heard of, save in connection with Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey and Buena Vista. It is said that Daniel Webster, in his haste re- marked, " It is a nomination not fit to be made." Gen. Taylor was not an eloquent speaker nor a fine writer His friends took possession of him, and pre- pared such few communications as it was needful should be presented to the public. Thejjopularity of the successful warrior swept the land. He was tri- umphantly elected over two opiwsing candidates, — Gen. Cass and E.K-President Martin Van Buren. Though he selected an excellent cabinet, the good old man found himself in a very uncongenial position, and was, at times, sorely perplexed and harassed. His mental sufferings were very severe, and probably tended to hasten his death. The pro-slavery party was pushing its claims with tireless energy , expedi- tions were fitting out to capture Cuba ; California was pleading for admission to the Union, while slavery stood at the door to bar her out. Gen. Taylor found the political conflicts in Washington to be far more trying to the nerves than battles with Mexicans or Indians. In the midst of all these troubles. Gen. Taylor, after he had occupied the Presidential chair but little over a year, took cold, and after a brief sickness of but little over five days, died on the Qlh of July, 1850. His last wouis were, " I am not afraid to die. I am ready. I have endeavored to do my duty." He died universally respected and beloved. An honest, un- pretending man, he had been steadily growing in the affections of the people; and the Nation bitterly la- mented his death. Gen. Scott, who was thoroughly acquainted with Gen. Taylor, gave the following graphic and truthful description of his character: — " With a good store ot common sense, Gen. Taylor's mind had not been en- larged and refreshed by reading, or much converse with the worid. Rigidity of ideas was the conse- quence. The frontiers and small military posts had been his home. Hence he was quite ignorant for his rank, and quite bigoted in his ignorance. His sim- plicity was child-like, and with innumerable preju- dices, amusing and incorrigible, well suited to the tender age. Thus, if a man, however respectable, chanced to wear a coat of an unusual color, or his hat a little on one side of his head; or an officer to leave a corner of his handkerchief dangling from an out- side jMcket, — in any such case, this critic held the offender to be a coxcomb (perhaps something worse), whom he would not, to use his oft repeated phrase, 'touch with a pair of tongs.' "Any allusion to literature beyond good old Dil- worth's spelling-book, on the part of one wearing a sword, was evidence, with the same judge, of utter unfitness for heavy marchings and combats. In short, few men have ever had a more comfortable, labor- saving contempt for learning of every kind." .^y^ic£02.^ JtSu^i^cxru) THIRTEENTH PRESIDENT. Slg*Sig#3!g*^tg ^■MILLflHn FILLMDHE.'^ T'^^x^^'^-i-.^'^^t^C ^ '^A^^^A^:^ X;X •2'^y;. f<»S!&«$;-g-«'$::s-'* -^1 ;]|fa^ ILLARD FILLMORE, thir- teenth President of the United States, was born at Summer Hill, Cayuga Co., N. Y ., on the 7th of January, 1800. His father was a farmer, and ow- ing to misfortune, in humble cii- ( umstances. Of his mother, the daughter of Dr. Abiathar Millard, of Pittsfield, Mass., it has been said that she possessed an intellect of very high order, united with much personal loveliness, sweetness of dis- f position, graceful manners and ex- quisite sensibilities. She died in 1 83 1 ; having lived to see her son a ' young man of distinguished prom- ise, though she was not permitted to witness the high dignity which he finally attained. In consequence of the secluded home and limited means of his father, Millard enjoyed but slender ad- vantages for education in his early years. The com- mon schools, which he occasiona'ly attended were very imperfect institutions; and books were scarce and expensive. There was nothing then in his char- acter to indicate the brilliant career upon which he was about to enter. He was a plain farmer's boy ; intelligent, good-looking, kind-hearted. The sacred influences of home had taught him to revere the Bible, and had laid the foundations of an upright character. When fourteen years of age, his father sent liim some hundred miles from home, to the then wilds of Livingston County, to learn the trade of a clothier. Near the mill there was a small villiage, where some enterprising man had commenced the collection of a village library. This proved an inestimable blessing to young Fillmore. His evenings were spent in read- ing. Soon every leisure moment was occupied with books. His thirst for knowledge became insatiate and the selections which he made were continually more elevating and instructive. He read history, biography, oratory, and thus gradually there was en- kindled in his heart a desire to be something more than a mere worker with iiis hands; and he was be- coming, almost unknown to himself, a well-informed, educated man. The young clothier had now attained the age of nineteen years, and was of fine personal appearance and of gentlemanly demeanor. It so happened that there was a gentleman in the neighborhood of ample pecuniary means and of benevolence, — Judge Walter Wood, — who was struck with the prepossessing ap- pearance of young Fillmore. He made his acquaint- ance, and was so much impressed with his ability and attainments that he advised him to abandon his trade and devote himself to the study of the law. The young man replied, that he had no means of hi^s own, no friends to help him and that his previous educa- tion had been very imperfect. But Judge Wood had so much confidence in hini that he kindly offered to take him into his own office, and to loan him such money as he needed. Most gratefully the generous offer was accepted. Tliere is in many minds a strange delusion about a collegiate education. A young man is supposed to be liberally educated if he has graduated at some col- lege. But many a boy loiters through university hal' ; «nd then enters a law office, who is by no means as MILLARD FILLMORE. well prepared to prosecute his legal studies as was Millard Fillmore when he graduated at the clothing- mill at the end of four years of manual labor, during which every leisure moment had been devoted to in- tense mental culture. In 1823, when twenty-three years of age, he was admitted to the Court of Common Pleas. He then went to the village of Aurora, and commenced the practice of law. In this secluded, peaceful region, his practice of course was limited, and there was no opportunity for a sudden rise in foitune or in fame. Here, in the year 1826, he married a lady of great moral worth, and one capable of adorning any station she might be called to fill, — Miss Abigail Powers. His elevation of character, his untiring industry, his legal acquirements, and his skill as an advocate, .gradually attracted attention ; and he was invited to enter into partnership under highly advantageous circumstances, with an elder member of the bar in Buffalo. Just before removing to Buffalo, in 1829, he took his seat in the House of Assembly, of tlie State of New York, as a representative from Erie County. Though he had never taken a very active l)art in politics, his vote and his sympathies were with the Whig party. The State was then Democratic, and he found himself in a helpless minority in the Legislature , still the testimony comes from all parties, that Ills courtesy, ability and integrity, won, to a very unusual degn e the respect of his associates. In tlie autu«in of 1832, he was elected to a seat in the United States Congress He entered that troubled irena in some of the most tumultuous hours of our national history. The great conflict respecting the national bank and the removal of the deposits, was then raging. His term of two years closed ; and he returned to his profession, which he pursued with increasing rep- utation and success. .After a lapse of two years he again became a candidate for Congress; was re- elected, and took his seat in 1837. His past expe- rience as a representative gave him stKngth and confidence. The first term of service in Congress to any man can be but little more than an introduction. He was now prepared for active duty. .\11 his ener- gies were brought to bear \\\K)\\ the public good. Every measure received his impress. Mr. Fillmore was now a man of wide repute, and his popularity filled the State, and in the year 1847, he was elected Comptroller of the State. Mr. Fillmore had attained the age of forty-seven years. His labors at the bar, in the Legislature, in Congress and as Comptroller, had given him very con- siderable fame. The Whigs were casting about to find suitable candidates for President and Vice-Presi- dent at the api)roaching election. Far away, on the waters of the Rio Grande, there was a rough old soldier, who had fought one or two successful battles with the Mexicans, which had caused his name to be proclaimed in tiumpet-tones all over the land. But it was necessary to associate with him on the same ticket some man of reputation as a statesman. Under the influence of these considerations, the naniesofZachary Taylor ar.d Millard Fillmore became the rallying-cry of the Whigs, as their candidates for President and Vice-Peesident. The Whig ticket was signally triumphant. On the 4th of March, 1849, Gen. Taylor was inaugurated President, and Millard Fillmore Vice-President, of the United States. On the 9th of July, 1850, President Taylor, but about one year and four months after his inaugura- tion, was suddenly taken- sick and died. By the Con- stitution, Vice-President Fillmore thus became Presi- dent. He appointed a very able cabinet, of which the illustrious Daniel Webster was Secretary- of State. Mr. Fillmore had very serious difiiculties to contend with, since the op[)Osition had a majority in both Houses. He did everything in his power tocon< iliate the South; but the pro-slavery party in the South felt the inadequacy of all measuresof transient conciliation. The population of the free States was so rai)idly in- creasing over that of the slave States that it was in- evitable that the power of thte Government should soon pass into the hands of the free States. The famous compromise measures were adojjted under Mr. Fillmore's adminstration, and the Japan Expedition was sent out. On the 4th of March, 1853, Mr. Fill- more, having served one term, retired. In 1856, Mr. Fillmore was nominated for the Pres- idency by the " Know Nothing " party, but was beaten by Mr. Buchanan. After that Mr. Fillmore lived in retirement. During the terrible conflict of civil war, he was mostly silent. It was generally supjxised that his sympathies were rather with those who were en- deavoring to overthrow our institutions. President Fillmore kept aloof from the conflict, witliout any cordial words of cheer to the one party or the other. He was thus forgotten by both. He lived to a ripe old age, and died in Bufi"alo. N. V., Marcii 8, 1874. zm^ FOURTEENTH PRESIDENT. ^^ FRANKLIN PIEHEE.<^ ~~xx-e^4_ RANKLIN PI?:RCE, the fourteenth President of the 'f United States, was born in Hillsborough, N. H., Nov. 23, 1804. His father was a Revolutionary soldier, who, with his own strong arm, hewed out a Some in the wilderness. He was a man of inflexible integrity; of strong, though uncultivated mind, and an uncompromis- ing Democrat. The mother of Franklin Fierce was all that a son could desire, — an intelligent, pru- dent, affectionate, Christian wom- an. Franklin was the si-\th of eight children. Franklin was a very bright and handsome boy, gen- erous, warm-hearted and brave. He won alike the love of old and young. The boys on tiie play ground loved him. His teachers loved him. The neighbors looked upon him with pride and affection. He was by instinct a gentleman; always speaking kind words, doing kind deeds, with a peculiar unstudied tact which taught him what was agreeable. Without de- veloping any precocity of genius, or any unnatural devotion to books, he was a good scholar; in body, in mind, in affections, a finely-developed boy. When sixteen years of age, in the year 1820, he entered Bowdoin College, at Brunswick, Me He was one of the most jxjpular young men in the college. The purity cf his moral character, the unvarying courtesy of his demeanor, his rank as a scholar, and ^^ genial nature, rendered him a imiversal favorite. There was something very peculiarly winning in his address, and it was evidently not in the slightest de- gree studied: it was the simple outgushing of his own magnanimous and loving nature. Upon graduating, in the year 1824, Franklin Pierce commenced the study of law in the office of Judge ^Voodbury, one of the most distinguished lawyers of the State, and a man of great private worth. The eminent social qualities of the young lawyer, his father's prominence as a public man,, and the brilliant political career into which Judge Woodbury was eii- tering, all tended to entice Mr. Pierce into the faci nating yet perilous path of political life. With all the ardor of his nature he espoused the cause of Gen. Jackson for the Presidency. He commenced the practice of law in Hillsborough, and was soon elected to represent the town in the State Legislature. Here he served for four yeais. The last two years he was chosen speaker of the house by a very large vote. In 18.33, '1* th*^ ^gs of iwenty-hine, he was elected a member of Congress. Without taking an active part in debates, he was faithful and laborious in duty, and ever rising in the estimation of those with whom he was associatad. In 1837, being then but thirty-three years of age, he was elected to the Senate of the United States; taking his seat just as Mr. Van Buren commenced his administration. He was the youngest memberin the Senate. In the year 1834, he married Miss Jane Means Appleton, a lady of rare beauty and accom- plishments, and one admirably fitted to adorn every station with which her husband was honoicd. Of the FRANKLIN PIERCE. three sons who were born to them, all now sleep with their parents in the grave. In the year 1838, Mr. Pierce, with growing fame and increasing business as a lawyer, took up his residence in Concord, the capital of New Hampshire. President Polk, ujxjn his accession to office, appointed Mr. Pierce attorney-general of the United States; but the offer was declined, in consequence of numerous professional engagements at home, and theprecariuos state of Mrs. Pierce's health. He also, about the same time declined the nomination for governor by the Democratic party. The war with Mexico called Mr. Pierce in the army. Receiving the appointment of brigadier-general, he embarked, with a portion of his troops, at Newport, R. I., on the 27th of May, 1847. He took an important part in this war, proving him- self a brave and true soldier. When Gen. Pierce reached his home in his native State, he was received enthusiastically by the advo- cates of the Mexican war, and coldly by his oppo- nents. He resumed the practice of his profession, very frequently taking an active part in political ques- tions, giving his cordial support to the pro-slavery wing of the Democratic party. The compromise measures met cordially with his approval; and he strenuously advocated the enforcement of the infa- mous fugitive-slave law, which so shocked the religious sensibilities of the North. He thus became distin- guished as a "Northern man with Southern principles.' The strong partisans of slavery in the South conse- quently regarded him as a man whom they could safely trust i;i office to carry out their plans. On the 12th of June, 1852, the Democratic conven- tion met in Baltimore to nominate a candidate for the Presidency. For four days they continued in session, and in thirty-five ballotings no one had obtained a two-thirds vote. Not a vote thus far had been thrown for Gen. Pierce. Then the Virginia delegation brought forward his name. There were fourteen more ballotings, during which Gen. Pierce constantly gained strength, until, at the forty-ninth ballot, he received two hundred and eighty-two votes, and all other candidates eleven. Gen. Winfield Scott was the Whig candidate. Gen. Pierce was chosen with great unanimity. Only four States — Vermont, Mas- sachusetts, Kentucky and Tennessee — cast their electoral votes against him Gen. Franklin Pierce was therefore inaugurated President of the United States on the 4th of March, 1853. His administration proved one of the most stoniiy our country had ever experienced. The controversy be- tween slavery and freedom was then approaching its culminating jwint. It became evident that there was an "irrepressible conflict " between them, and ihr.t this Nation could not long exist " half slave and half free." President Pierce, during the whole of his ad- ministration, did every thing he could to conciliate the South ; but it was all in vain. The conflict every year grew more violent, and threats of the dissolution of the Union were borne to the North on every South- ern breeze. Such was the condition of affairs when President Pierce approached the close of his four-years' term ofofhce. The North had become thoroughly alien- ated from him. The anti-slavery sentiment, goaded by great outrages, had been rapidly increasing; all the intellectual ability and social worth of President Pierce were forgotten in deep reprehension of his ad- ministrative acts. The slaveholders of the South, also, unmindful of the fidelity with which he had advo- cated those measures of Government which they ap proved, and perhaps, also, feeling that he had rendered himself so unpopular as no longer to be able accei)tably to serve them, ungratefully dropped . him, and nominated James Buchanan to succeed him. On the 4th of March, 1857, President Pierce re- tired to his home in Concord. Of three children, two had died, and his only surviving child had been killed before his eyes by a railroad accident ; and his wife, one of the most estimable and accomplished of ladies, was rapidly sinking in consumption. The hour of dreadful gloom soon came, and he was left alone in the world, without wife or child. When the terrible Rebellion burst forth, which di- vided our country into two parties, and two only, Mr. Pierce remained steadfast in the principles which he had always cherished, and gave his sympathies to that pro-slavery party with which he had ever been allied. He declined to do anything, either by voice or pen, to strengthen the hand of the National Gov- ernment. He continued to reside in Concord until the Ume of his death, which occurred in October, 1869. He was one of the most genial and social of men, an honored communicant of the Episcopal Church, and one of the kindest of neighbors. Gen- erous to a fault, he contributed liberally for the al- leviation of suffering and want, and many of his towns- people were often gladened by bis material bounty. ^ZlyTTz^ (2^ ^uc-A^i/n.€6^^ I- IF TEEN TH PRESIDENT. *5^r^-J(^<^i '^I'^t^'^t^t*^^^ i<^'*|t^'"*^' .;i -AM n',s "RimitT -a ^i -.a im , AMES BUCHANAN, the fil- leenth President of the United States, was born in a small trontier town, at the loot of Ihe eastern ridge of the Allegha- nies, in Franklin Co., l'enn.,on the 23dof Ajiril, 1791. The ;,>lace here the humble cabin of his fuher sti'od was called Stony liatter. It was a wild and ro- ni iiitic six)t in a gorge of the nioiin- t UPS, with towering summits rising grandly all around. His father was a native of the north of Ireland; a poor man, who had emigrated in 1783, with little property save his own strong arms. Five years afterwards he married Elizabeth Spear, the daughter of a respectable farmer, and, with his young bride, plunged into the wilder- ness, staked his claim, reared his log-hut, opened a clearing with his axe, and settled down there to per- form his obscure part in the drama of life. In this se- cluded home, where James was born, he remained for eight years, enjoying but few social or intellectual advantage s. When James was eight years of age, his f.uher removed to the village of Mercersburg, where I. is son was placed at school, and commenced a course of study in English, Latin and Greek. His piogress was rapid, and at the age of fourteen, he entered Dickinson College, at Carlisle. Here he de- velo])ed remarkable talent, and took his stand among the first scholars in the institution. His application 'o snidy was intense, and yet his native powers en- abled him to master the most abstruse subjects with facility. In the year 1809, he graduated with the highest honors of his class. He was then eighteen years of age; tall and graceful, vigorous in health, fond of athletic sport, an unerring shot, and enlivened with an exuberant flow of animal spirits. He immediately commenced the study of law in the city of Lancaster, and was admitted to the bar in 1812, when he was but twenty-one years of age. Very rapidly he rose in his profession, and at once took undisputed stand with the ablest law}ers of the State. When but twenty-six years of age, unaided by counsel, he sui- cessfuUy defended before the State Senate ore of the judges of the State, who was tried upon articles of impeachment. At the age of thirty it was generally admitted that he stood at the head of the bar; and there was no lawyer in the State who had a more lu- crative practice. In 1820, he reluctantly consented lo run as a candidate for Congress. He was elected, and for ten years he remained a member of the Lower House. During the vacations of Congress, he occasionally tried some important case. In 1 831, he retired altogether from the toils of his profession, having ac- ([uired an ample fortune. Gen. Jackson, ujion his elevation to the Presidency, appointed Mr. Buchanan minister to Russia. The duties of his mission he performed with ability, which gave satisfaction to all parties. Upon his return, in 1833, he was elected to a seat in the United States Senate. He there met, as his associates, V/ebster, Clay, Wright and Calhoun. He advocated tl'.e meas- ures proposed by President Jackson, of m .kJng repn- 76 JAMES BUCHANAN. sals against France, to enforce the payment of our claims against that country ; and defended the course of the President in his unprecedentjid and wholesale removal from office of those who were not the sup- porters of his administration. Upon this question he was brought into direct collision with Henry Clay. He also, with voice and vote, advocated expunging from the journal of the Senate the vote of censure against Gen. Jackson for removing the deposits. Earnestly lie opposed the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, and urged the prohibition of the circulation of anti-slavery documents by the United States mails. As to petitions on the subject of slavery, he advo- cated that they should be respectfully received; and that the reply should be returned, that Congress had no iwwer to legislate upon the subject. " Congress," said he, "might as well undertake to interfere with slavery under a foreign government as in any of the States where it now e.xists." UiKjn Mr. Polk's accession to the Presidency, Mr. Buchanan became Secretary of State, and as such, took his share of the resixsnsibility in the conduct of the Mexican War. Mr. Polk assumed that crossing the Nueces by the American troops into tlie disputed territory was not wrong, but for the Mexicans to cross the Rio Grande into that territory was a declaration of war. No candid man can read with pleasure the account of the course our Government pursued in that movement. Mr. Buchanan identified himself thoroughly with the party devoted to the perpetuation and extension of slavery, and brought all the energies of his mind to bear against the W'ilmot Proviso. He gave his cordial approval to tire compromise measures of 1S50, which included the fugitive-slave law. Mr. Pierce, u:ion his election to the Presidency, honored Mr. Buchanan with the mission to England. In the year 1856, a national Democratic conven- tion nominated Mr. Buchanan for the Presidency. The political conflict was one of the most severe in which o.ir country has ever engaged. .\I1 the friends of slavery were on one side; all the advocates of its re- striction and final abolition, on the other. Mr. Fre- mont, the candidate of the enemies of slavery, re- reived 1 14 electoral votes. Mr. Buchanan received r74, and was elected. The |)opular vote stood 1,340,618, for Fremont, 1,224,750 for Buchanan. On March 4th, 1857, Mr. Buchanan was inaugurated. Mr. Buchanan was far advanced in life. Only four vears were wanting to fill up his threescore years and ten. His own friends, those with whom he had been allied in political principles and action for years, were seeking the destruction of the Government, that they might rear upon the ruins of our free institutions a nation whose corner-stone should be human slavery. tn this emergency, Mr. Buchanan was hopelessly be- wildered He could not, with his long-avowed prin- ciples, consistently oppose the State-rights party in their assumptions. As President of the Ui.ited States, bound by his oath faithfully to administer the laws he could not, without perjury of the grossest kind, unite with those endeavoring to overthrow the repub- lic. He therefore did nothing. The op|)0]ients of Mr. Biichanan's administralion nominaied Abraham Lincoln as their standard bearer in the next Presidential canvass. The pro-slavery party declared, that if he were elected, and the con- trol of the Government were thus taken from their hands, they would secede from the Union, taking with them, as they retired, the National Capitol at Washington, and the lion's share of the territory of the United States. Mr. Buchanan's sympathy with the pro-slavery parly was such, that he had been willing to ofltrthem far more than they had ventured to claim. All the South had professed to ask of the North was non- intervention upon the subject of slavery. Mr. Bu- chanan had been ready to offer them the active co- operation of the Government to defend and extend the institution. As the storm increased in violence, the slaveholders claiming the right to secede, and Mr. Buchanan avow- ing that Congress had no ix)wer to jjrevent it, cue of the most pitiable exhibitions of governmental im- becility was exhibited the world has ever seen. He declaied that Congress had no power to enforce its laws in any State which had withdrawn, or which was attempting to withdraw from the Union. This was not the doctrine of Andrew Jackson, when, will, his hand upon his sword hilt, he exclaimed. " The Union must and shall be preserved!" South Carolina seceded in December, 1S60; nearly three months before the inauguration of President Lincoln. Mr. Buchanan looked on in listless despair. The rebel flag was raised in Charleston; Fort Sumpter was befieged; our forts, navy-yards and arsenals were seized ; our depots of military stores were plun- i dered ; and our custom-houses and ix)st offices were i appropriated by the rebels. The energy of the rebels, and the imbecility of our ! Executive, were alike marvelous. The Nation looked on in agony, waiting for the slow weeks to glide away, and close the administration, so terrible in its weak- ness At length the long-looked-for hour of deliver- ance came, when Abraham Lincoln was to receive the scepter. The administration of President Buchanan was j certainly the most calamitous our country has ex- 1 perienced. His best friends canr.ot recall it with ' pleasure, .^nd still more deplorable it is for his fame, j that in that dreadhil conflict which rolled its billows j of flame and blood over our whole land, no word came I from his lips to indicate his wish that our country's I banner should triumph over the flag of the rebellion. 1 He died at his Wheatland retreat, June 1, 1868. /^. ^ G--^^^2^^-^T^ SIXTEENTH F RESIDENT. < ABRAHAM ]> ^i>^^<^a < LiNCOLN. i> IMO^aS^L313tv.i D^a^il^^Ml?'^ j{a^£iMi^a^i:iii^, BRAHAM LINCOLN, the sixteenth President of the i^Lnited States, was horn i:i Hirdin Co., Ky., Feb. 12, 1S09. About the year 1780, a man by the name of Abraham Lincohi left \'irt;inia with his ilv and moved into the then wilds of Kentucky. Only two years after this emigration, still a young man, while wori^ing one day in a field, was stealthily appro::ched by an Indian and shot dead. His widow was left m extreme [wverty with five little children, three boys and two girls. Thomas, the youngest of the boys, was four years of age at his father's death. This Thomas was the father of .\braham Lincoln, the President of the United States v.'hose name must henceforth foi-ever be enrolled wiih the most prominent in the annals of our world. Of course no record has been kept of the life of one so lowly as Thomas Lincoln. He was among the poorest of the poor. His home was a wretched log-cabin; his food the coarsest and the meanest. Education he had none; he could never either read or write. As soon as he was able to do anything for liimself, he was compelled to leave the cabin of his starving mother, and push out into the world, a friend- .ess. wandering boy, seeking work. He hired him- self out, and thus spent the whole of his youth as a laborer in the fields of others. When twenty-eight years of age he buih a log- cnbin of his own, and married Nancy Hanks, the da ighter of another family of poor Kentucky emi- grants, who had also come from Virginia. Their second child was Abraham Lincoln, the subject of tb.is sketch. The mother of Abraham was a noble v;oman, gentle, loving, pensive, created to adorn a palace, doomed to toil and pine, and die in a hovel. " .Ml that I am, or hope to be," exclaims the grate- ful son "I owe to my angel-mother. " When he was eight years of age, his father sold his and Mr. 830, cabin and small farm, and moved to Indiana. Where two years later his mother died. Abraham soon became the sciibe of the uneducated community around him. He could not have had a better school than this to teach him to put thoughts into words. He also became an eager reader. The books he could obtain were few ; but these he read and re-read until they were almost committed to memory. As the years rolled on, the lot of this lowly family was the usual lot of humanity. Thrre were joys and griefs, weddings and funerals. Abraham's sister Sarah, to whom he was tenderly attached, was mar- ried when a child of but fourteen years of age, soon died. The family was gradually scattered. Thomas Lincoln sold out his squatter's claim in 1 and emigrated to Macon Co., 111. •Abraham Lincoln was then twenty-one years of age. With vigorous hands he aided his father in rearing another log-cabin. Abraham worked diligently at tb.is until he saw the family comfortably settled, and their small lot of enclosed prairie i)lanted with corn, when he announced to his father his intention to leave home, and to go out into the world and seek his for- 'tune. Little did he or his friends imagine how bril- liant that fortune was to be. He saw the value of education and was intensely earnest to improve his mind to the utmost of his power He saw the ruin which ardent spirits were causing, and became strictly tem[)erate; reflising to allow a drop of ii.tnxi- cating liquor to pass his lips. And he had read in God's word, "Thou shalt not take the name of lh.-=; Lord thy Cod in vain;" and a profane expression he was never heard to utter. Religion he revered. His morals were pure, and he was uncontaminated by a single vice. Young Abraham woiked for a time as a hired laborer among the farmers. Then he went to Springfield, where he was employed in building a large flat-boat. In this he took a herd of swine, floated them down ihe Sangamon to the Illinois, and thence by the Mis- sissippi to New Orleans. Whati;ver Abraham Lin- coln undertook, he performed so faithfully as to give great satisfaction to his employers. In this advc:i- ABRAHAM LINCOLN. tare his employers were so well pleased, that w\yon his return they placed a store and mill under his care. In 1832, at the outbreak of the Black Hawk war, he enlisted and was chosen captain of a company. He returned to Sangamon County, and although only 23 years of age, was a candidate for the Legislature, but was defeated. He soon after received from Andrew lackson tlie appointmentof Postmaster of New Salem, His only post-office was his hat. All the letters he received he carried there ready to deliver to those he chanced to meet. He studied surveying, and soon made this his business. In 1834 he again became a candidate for the Legislature, and was elected Mr. Stuart, of Springfield, advised him to study law. He walked fron^ New Salem to Springfield, borrowed of Mr. Stuart a load of books, carried them back and began his legal studies. When the Legislature as- sembled he trudged on foot with his pack on his back one hundred miles to Vandalia, then the capital. In 1836 he was re-elected to the Legislature. Here it was he first met Stephen A. Douglas. In 1839 he re- moved to Springfield and began the practice of law. His success with the jury was so great that he was soon engaged in almost every noted case in the circuit. In 1854 -the great discussion began between Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Douglas, on the slavery question. In the organization of the Republican party in Illinois, in 1856, he took an active part, and at once became one of the leaders in that party. Mr. Lincoln's speeches in opposition to Senator Douglas in the con- test in 1858 for a seat in the Senate, form a most notable part of his history. The issue was on the slavery question, and he took the broad ground of .he Declaration of Independence, that all men are created equal. Mr. Lincoln was defeated in this con- test, hut won a far higher prize. The great Republican Convention met at Chicago on the i6th of June, i860. The delegates and strangers who crowded tiie city amounted to twenty- five thousand. An immense building called "The Wigwam," was reared to accommodate the Conven- tion. There were eleven candidates for whom votes were thrown. William H. Seward, a man whose fame as a statesman had long filled tlie land, was the most Drominent. It was generally supposed he would be the nominee. Abraham Lincoln, however, received the nomination on the third ballot. Little did he then dream of the weary years of toil and care, and the ijloody death, to which that nomination doomed him: and as little did he dream that he was to vender services to his country, which would fi.x upon him the eyes of the whole civilized world, and which would give him a place in the affections of his countrymen, second only, if second, to that of Washington. Election day came and Mr. Lincoln received rSo electoral votes out of 203 cast, and was, therefore, constitutionally elected President of the United States. The tirade of abuse that vas inured uiwn this good and merciful man, especially by the slaveholders, was greater than upon any other man ever elected to this high position. In February, i86i, Mr. Lincoln started for Washington, stopping in all the large cities on his way making speeches. The wiiole journey was Irought with much danger. Many of the Southern States had already seceded, and several attempts at assassination were afterwards brought to light. A gang in Balti- more had arranged, upon his arrival to" get u]) a row," and in the confusion to make sure of his death with revolvers and hand-grenades. A detective unravelled the plot. A secret and special train was provided to take him from Harrisburg, through Baltimore, at an unexpected hour of the night. The train started at half-past ten ; and to prevent any possible comnmni- cation on the part ot the Secessionists with their Con- federate gang in Baltimore, as soon as the train had started the telegraph-wires were cut. Mr. Lincoln reached Washington in safety and was inaugurated, although great anxiety was felt by all loyal people. In the selection of his cabinet Mr. Lincoln gave to Mr Seward the Department of State, and to other prominent opjxjnents before the convention he gave important jjositions. During no other administration have the duties devolving upon the President been so manifold, and the responsibilities so great, as those wliich fell to the lot of President Lincoln. Knowing this, and feeling his own weakness and inability to meet, and in his own strength to cope with, the difficulties, he learned early to seek Divine wisdom and guidance in determining his plans, and Divine comfort in all his trial?, bo*h personal and national Contrary to his own estimate of himself, Mr. Lincoln was one of the most courageous of men. He went directly into the rebel capital just as the retreating foe was leaving, with no guard but a few sailors. From the time he h.ad left Springfield, in 1861, however, plans had been made for his assassination, and he at last fell a victim to one of them. April 14, 1865, he, with Gen. Grant, was urgently invited to attend Fords' Theater. It was announced that they would be present. Gen. Grant, however, left the city. President Lincoln, feel- ing, witli his characteristic kindliness of heart, that it would 1)6 a disapiwintment if he should fail them, very reluctantly consented to go. While listening to the play an actor by the name of John ^Vilkes Booth entered the box where the President and family were seated, and fired a bullet into his brains. He died the next morning at seven o'clock. Never before, in the history of the world was a nation plunged into such dee|) grief by the death of its ruler. Strong men met in the streets and wept in speechless anguish. It is not too much to say that a nation was in tears. His was a life which will fitly become a model. His name as the savior of his country wnll live with that of Washington's, its father; his c<^-^ntry- mcn being unable to decide whirh is tl«e greater. ^ ^^^^:^5^^^^2;?^ S£ VENTEENTH PRESIDENT. \h -A l^f ! ) } ? w'l SH >n )'U iN :i r) i\. \\ NDREW JOHNSON, seven- ' I t<.enth President of the United g States. The early Hfe of 3 Vndrew Johnson contains but the record of poverty, destitu- tion and friendlessness. He was born December 29, 180S, in Rrleigh, N. C. His parents, belonging to the class of the "poor whites " of the South, -were in such circumstances, that they could not confer even the slight- est advantages of education upon their child. When Andrew was five years of age, his father accidentally lost his life while herorically endeavoring to save a friend from drowning. Until ten years of age, Andrew was a ragged boy about the streets, supported by the labor of his mother, who obtained her living with her own hands. He then, having never attended a school one day, and being unable either to read or write, was ap- prenticed to a tailor in his native town. A gentleman was ir. the habit of going to the tailor's shop occasion- ally, and reading to the boys at work there. He often read from the speeches of distinguished British states- men. Andrew, who was endowed with a mind of more than ordinary native ability, became much interested in these speeches ; his ambition was roused, and he was inspired with a strong desire to learn to read. He accordingly applied himself to the alphabet, and with the assistance of some of his fellow-workmen, learned his letters. He then called upon the gentle- man to borrow the book of speeches. The owner, pleased with his zeal, not only gave him the book, but assisted him in learning to combine the letters into words. Under such difficulties he pressed ox. ward laboriously, .spending usually ten or twelve hours at work in the shop, and then robbing himself of rest and recreation to devote such time as he could to reading. He went to Tennessee in 1826, and located at Greenville, where he married a young lady who pos sessed some education. Under her instructions he learned to write and cipher. He became prominent in the village debating society, and a favorite with the students of Greenville College. In 1828, he or- ganized a working man's party, which elected him alderman, and in 1830 elected him mayor, which position he held three years. He now began to take a lively interest in political affairs; identifying himself with the working-classes, to which he belonged. In 1835, he was elected a member of the House of Representatives of Tennes- see. He was then just twenty-seven years of age. He became a very active member of the legislature gave his adhesion to the Democratic party, and in 1840 "stumped the State," advocating Martin Tan Buren's claims to the Presidency, in opposition to thos^ of Gen. Harrison. In this campaign he acquired mucli readiness as a speaker, and extended and increased his reputation. In 1841, he was elected State Senator; in 1843, he was elected a member of Congress, and by successive elections, held that important post for ten years. In 1853, he was elected Governor of Tennessee, and was re-elected in 1855. In all these resiionr^ible po?i tions, he discharged his duties with distinguished aU. ANDREW JOHNSON. ity, and proved himself the warm friend of the work- ing classes. In 1857, Mr. Johnson was elected United States Senator. Years before, in 1845, he had warmly advocated the annexation of Texas, stating however, as his reason, that he thought this annexation would prob- ably prove " to be the gateway out of which the sable sons of Africa are to pass from bondage to freedom, and become merged in a population congenial to themselves." In 1850, he also supported the com- promise measures, the two essential features of which were, that the white people of the Territories should be permitted to decide for themselves whether they would enslave the colored people or not, and that the ''ree States of the North should return to the South persons who attempted to escape from slavery. Mr. Johnson was never ashamed of his lowly origin: on the contrary, he often took pride in avowing that he owed his distinction to his own exertions. "Sir,'" said he on the floor of the Senate, " I do not forget that I am a mechanic ; neither do I forget that Adam was a tailor and sewed fig-leaves, and that our Sav- ior was the son of a carpenter." In the Charleston- Baltimore convention of i8uj, ne vsras the choice of the Tennessee Democrats for the Presidency. In 1861, when the purpose of the South- ixw Democracy became apparent, he took a decided stand in favor of the Union, and held that " slavery must be held subordinate to the Union at whatever cost." He returned to Tennessee, and repeatedly imperiled his own life to protect the Unionists of Tennesee. Tennessee having seceded from the Union, President Lincoln, on March 4th, 1862, ap- pointed him Military Governor of the State, and he established the most stringent military rule. His numerous proclamations attracted wide attention. In 1864, he was elected Vice-President of the United States, and uix)n the death of Mr. Lincoln, April 15, 1865, became President. In a speech two days later he said, " The American people must be taught, if they do not already feel, that treason is a crime and must be punished; that the Government will not always bear with its enemies ; that it is strong not only to protect, but to punish. * * The people must understand that it (treason) is the blackest of crimes, and will surely be punished." Yet his whole administration, the history of which is so well known, was in utter iiwwnsistency with, and the most violent opijosition to, the principks laid down in that speech. In his loose policy of reconstruction and general amnesty, he was opiX)sed by Congress ; and he char- acterized Congress as a new rebellion, and lawlessly defied it, in everything possible, to the utmost. In the beginning of 1868, on account of "high crimes and misdemeanors," the principal of which was the removal of Secretary Stanton, in violation of the Ten- ure of Office Act, articles of impeachment were pre- ferred against him, and the trial began March 23. It was very tedious, continuing for nearly three months. A test article of the impeachment was at length submitted to the court for its action. It was certain that as the court voted upon that article so would it vote upon all. Thirty-four voices pronounced the President guilty. As a two-thirds vote was neces- sary to his condemnation, he was pronounced ac- cpntted, notwithstanding the great majority against him. The change of one vote from the not guilty side would have sustained the impeachment. The President, for the remainder of his term, was but little regarded. He continued, though impotently, his conflict with Congress. His own party did not think it expedient to renominate him for the Presi- dency. The Nation rallied, with enthusiasm unpar- alleled since the days of Washington, around the name of Gen. Grant. Andrew Johnson was forgotten. The bullet of the assassin introduced him to the President's chair. Notwithstanding this, never was there presented to a man a better opportunity to im- mortalize his name, and to win the gratitude of a nation. He failed utterly. He retired to his home in Greeiwille, Tenn., taking no very active part in politics until 1875. On Jan. 26, after an exciting struggle, he was chosen by the Legislature of Ten- nessee, United States Senator in the forty-fourth Con- gress, and took his seat in that body, at the special session convened by President Grant, on the sth of March. On the 27th of July, 1875, the ex-President made a visit to his daughter's home, near Carter Station, Tenn. When he started on his journey, he was apparently in his usual vigorous health, but on reach- ing the residence of his child the following day, was stricken with paralysis, rendering him unconscious. He rallied occasionally, but finally passed away at 2 A.M., July 31, aged sixty-seven years. His fun- eral was attended at Geenville, on the 3d of August, witli every demonstration of respect. ^j^^^::^ EIGH TJiRNTH rRESIDENT. I lYSSES S. GRANT, the »> eighteenth President of the ^ '■ United States, was born on y* tlie 29th of April, 1822, of '5 Chustian parents, in a humble ^ home, at Point Pleasant, on the banks of the Ohio. Shortly after his father moved to George- town, Brown Co., O. In this re- mote frontier hamlet, Ulysses received a common-school edu- cation. At the age of seven- teen, in the year 1839, he entered the Military Academy at West Point. Here he was regarded as a solid, sensible young man of fair abilities, and of sturdy, honest character. He took respectable rank as a scholar. In June, 1843, he graduated, about the middle in his class, and was sent as lieutenant of in- fantry to one of the distant military posts in the Mis- souri Territory. Two years he past in these dreary solitudes, watching the vagabond and exasperating Indians. The war with Mexico came. Lieut. Cirant was sent with his regiment to Corpus Christi. His first l)attle was at Palo Alto. There was no chance here for the exhibition of either skill or heroism, nor at Resacade la Palma, his second battle. At the battle of Monterey, his tliird engagement, it is said that ne performed a signal service of daring and skillful horsemanship. His brigade had exhausted its am- munition. A messenger must be sent for more, along •a route exposed to the bullets of the foe. Lieut. Grant, adopting an expedient learned of the Indians, grasped the mane of his horse, and hanging upon one side of the anip^al, ran the gauntlet in entire safety. From Monterey he was sent, with the fourth infantry, 10 aid Gen. Scott, at the siege of Vera Cruz. In preparation for the march to the city of Mexico, he was appointed quartermaster of his regiment. At the battle of Molino del Rey, he was promoted to a first lieutenancy, and was brevetted captain at Cha- pultepec. At the close of the Mexican War, Capt. Grant re- turned with his regiment to New York, and was again sent to one of the military posts on the frontier. The discovery of gold in California causing an immense tide of emigration to flow to the Pacific shores, Capt. Grant was sent with a battalion to Fort Dallas, in Oregon, for the protection of the interests of the im- migrants. Life was wearisome in those wilds. Capt. Grant resigned his commission and returned to the States; and having married, entered upon the cultiva- tion of a small farm near St. Louis, Mo. He had but little skill as a farmer. Finding his toil not re- munerative, he turned to mercantile life, entering into the leather business, with a younger brother, at Ga- lena, 111. This was in the year i860. As the tidings of the rebels firing on Fort Sumpter reached the ears of Capt. Grant in his counting-room, he said, — " Uncle Sam has educated me for the army ; though I have served him through one war, I do not feel that I have yet repaid the debt. I am still ready to discharge my obligations. I shall therefore buckle on my sword and see Uncle Sam through this war too." He went into the streets, raised a company of vol- unteers, and led them as their captain to Springfield, the capital of the State, where their services were offered to Gov. Yates. The Governor, impressed by the zeal and straightforward executive ability of Capt. Grant, gave him a desk in his office, to assist in the volunteer organization that was being formed in the State in behalf of the Government. On the 15th of 88 UL YSSES S. GRA NT. June, 1861, Capt. Grant received a commission as Colonel of the Twenty-first Regiment of Illinois Vol- unteers. His merits as a West Point graduate, who had served for 15 years in the regular army, were such that he was soon promoted to the rank of Brigadier- General and was placed in command at Cairo. The rebels raised their banner at Paducah, near the mouth of the Tennessee River. Scarcely had its folds ap- peared in the breeze ere Gen. Grant was there. The rebels fled. Their banner fell, and the star and stripes were unfurled in its stead. He entered the service with great determination and immediately began active duty. This was the be- ginning, and until the surrender of Lee at Richmond he was ever pushing the enemy with great vigor and effectiveness. At Belmont, a few days later, he sur- prised and routed the rebels, then at Fort Henry won another victory. Then came the brilliant fight at Fort Donelson. The nation was electrified by the victor^', and the brave leader of the boys in blue was immediately made a M.ijor-General, and the military district of Tennessee was assigned to him. Like all great captains, Gen. Grant knew well how to secure the results of victory. He immediately pushed on to the enemies' lines. Then came the terrible battles of Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, and the siege of Vicksburg, where Gen. Pemberton made an unconditional surrender of the city with over thirty thousand men and one-hundred and seventy-two can- non. The fall of Vicksburg was by far the most severe blow which the rebels had thus far encountered, and opened up the Mississippi from Cairo to the Gulf. Gen. Grant was next ordered to co-operate with Gen. Banks in a movement upon Texas, and pro- ceeded to New Orleans, where he was thrown from his horse, and received severe injuries, from which he was laid up for months. He then rushed to the aid of Gens. Rosecrans and Thomas at Chattanooga, and by a wonderful series of strategic and technical meas- ures put tlie Union Army in fighting condition. Then followed the bloody battles at Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, in which the rebels were routed with great loss. This won for him un- bounded praise in the North. On the 4th of Febru- ary, 1864, Congress revived the grade of lieutenant- general, and the rank was conferred on Gen. Grant. He repaired to Washington to receive liis credentials and enter upon '.'"• duties of his new office. Gen. Grant decided as soon as he took charge of ihe army to concentrate the widely-dispersed National troops for an attack upon Richmond, the nominal capital of the Rebellion, and endeavor there to de- stroy the rebel armies which would be promptly as- sembled from all quarters for its defence. The whole continent seemed to tremble under the tramp of these majestic armies, rushing to the decisive battle field. Steamers were crowded with troops. Railway trains were burdened with closely packed thousands. His plans were comprehensive and involved a series of c.impaigns, which were e.\ecuted with remarkable en- ergy and ability, and were consummated at the sur- render of Lee, April 9, 1865. The war was ended. The Union was saved. The almost unanimous voice of the Nation declared Gen. Grant to be the most prominent instrument in its sal- vation. The eminent services he had thus rendered the country brought him conspicuously forward as the Republican candidate for the Presidential chair. At tlie Republican Convention held at Chicago.. May 2r, 1868, he was unanimously nominated for the Presidency, and at the autumn election received a majority of the popular vote, and 214 out of 294 electoral votes. The National Convention of the Republican party whichmet at Philadelphia on the 5th of June, 1872, placed Gen. Grant in nomination for a second term by a unanimous vote. The selection was emphati- cally indorsed by the people five months later, 292 electoral votes being cast for him. Soon after the close of his second term. Gen. Grant started uix)n his famous trip around the world. He visited almost every country of the civilized world, and was everywhere received with such ovations and demonstrations of respect and honor, private as well as public and official, as were never before bestowed uixin any citizen of the L'nited States. He was the most prominent candidate before the Republican National Convention in 1880 for a re- nomination for President. He went to New York and embarked in the brokerage business under the firm nameof Grant & Ward. The latter proved a villain, wrecked Grant's fortune, and for larceny was sent to the penitentiary. The General was attacked with cancer in the throat, but suffered in his stoic-like manner, never complaining. He was re-instated as General of the Army and retired by Congress. The cancer soon finished its deadly work, and July 23, 1885, the nation went in mourning over the death of the illustrious General. ^-'''^x_.^ o-A:^ NINETEENTH PRESIDENT. ..^^^^^^^^//, m RUTHERE'ORB m HATES. '^ Sia^Sga'^^'^'^t^i^jk;, ■ UTHERFORD B. HAYES, 1^ the nineteenth President of the United States, was born in Delaware, O., Oct. 4, 1822, al- most three months after the death of his father, Rutherford Hajes His ancestry on both the paternal and maternal sides, was of the most honorable char- icter It can be traced, it is said, IS far back as 1280, when Hayes and Rutherford were two Scottish chief- tarns, fighting side by side with Baliol, William Wallace and Robert Bruce Both families belonged to the nobilit) owned extensive estates, ' and had a large following. Misfor- tune ovi-f faking the family, George Hayes left Scot- land in i6!)0, and settled in Windsor, Conn. His son George wat. born in Windsor, and remained there daring his li7e. Daniel Hayes, son of the latter, mar- ried Sarah Lee, and lived from the time of his mar- riage until h^s death in Simsbury, Conn. Ezekiel, son of Daniel, was born in 1724, and was a manufac- turer of scytheii at Bradford, Conn. Rutherford Hayes, son of Ezekiel ai/d grandfather of President Hayes, was born in New Haven, in August, 1756. He was a farmer, blacksmith and tavern-keeper. He emigrated to Vermont at an uiiknown date, settling in Brattleboro, where he established a hotel. Here his son Ruth- erford Hayes the father of President Hayes, was born. He was married, in September, 1813, to Sophia Birchard, of Wilmington, Vt., whose ancestors emi- grated thither from Connecticut, they having been among the wealthiest and best fanilies of Norwich. Her ancestry on the male side are traced back tc 1635, to John Birchard, one of the principal founders of Norwich. Both of her grandfathers were soldiers in the Revolutionary War. The father of President Hayes was an industrious frugal and opened-hearted man. He was of a me chanical turn, and could mend a plow, knit a stocks ing, or do almost anything else that he choose to undertake. He was a member of the Church, active in all the benevolent enterprises of thetown, and con- ducted his business on Christian principles. After the close of the war of i8t2, for reasons inexplicable to his neighbors, he resolved to emigrate to Ohio. The journey from Vermont to Ohio in that day when there were no canals, steamers, nor railways, was a very serious affair. A tour of inspection was first made, occupying four months. Mr. Hayes deter- mined to move to Delaware, where the family arrived in 1817. He died July 22, 1822, a victim of malarial fever, less than three months before the birth of the son, of whom we novi' write. Mrs. Hayes, in her sore be- reavement, found the support she so much needed in her brother Sardis, who had been a member of the household from the day of its departure from Ver~ mont, and in an orphan girl whom she had adopted some time before as an act of charity. Mrs. Hayes at this period was very weak, and the 92 RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. subject of this sketch was so feeble at birth that he was not expected to live beyond a month or two at most. As the months went by he grew weaker and weaker, so that the neighbors were in the habit of in- quiring from time to time " if Mrs. Hayes' baby died last night." On one occasion a neighbor, who was on familiar terms with the family, after alluding to the boy's big head, and the mother's assiduous care of nim, said in a bantering way, " That's right ! Stick to him. You have got him along so far, and I shouldn't wonder if he would really come to something yet." " You need not laugh," said Mrs. Hayes. " You wait and see. You can't tell but I shall make him President of the United States yet." The boy lived, in spite of the universal predictions of his speedy death; and when, in 1825, his older brother was drowned, he became, if possible, still dearer to his mother. The boy was seven years old before he went to school. His education, however, was not neglected. He probably learned as much from his mother and sister as he would have done at school. His sports were almost wholly within doors, his playmates being his sister and her associates. These circumstances tended, no doubt, to foster that gentleness of dispo- sition, and that delicate consideration for the feelings of others, which are marked traits of his character. His uncle Sardis Birchard took the deepest interest in his education ; and as the boy's health had im- proved, and he was making good progress in his studies, he proposed to send him to college. His pre- paration commenced with a tutor at home; but he was afterwards sent for one year to a professor in the Wesleyan University, in Middletown, Conn. He en- tered Kenyon College in 1838, at the age of sixteen, and was graduated at the head of his class in 1842. Immediately after his graduation he began the study of law in the office of Thomas Sparrow, Esq., in Columbus. Finding his opportunities for study in Columbus somewhat limited, he determined to enter the Law School at Cambridge, Mass., where he re- mained two years. • In 1845, after graduating at the Law School, lie was admitted to the bar at Marietta, Ohio, and shortly afterward went into practice as an attoriiey-at-law with Ralph P. Buckland, of Fremont. Here he re- mained three years, accjuiring but a limited practice, and apparently unambitious of distinction in his pro- fession. In 1849 he moved to Cincinnati, where his ambi- tion found a new stimulus. For several years, how- ever, his progress was slow. Two events, occurring at this period, had a ])0werful influence upon his subse- quent life. Oneof these was his marrage with Miss Lucy Ware Webb, daughter of Dr. James Webb, of Chilicothe; the othe.- was his introduction to the Cin- cinnati Literary Club, a body embracing among its members such'nien asHiief Justice Salmon P.Chase, Gen. John Pope, Gov. Edward F. Noyes, and many others hardly less distinguished in after life. The marriage was a fortunate one in every respect, as everjbody knows. Not one of all the wives of our Presidents was more universally admired, reverenced and beloved than was Mrs. Hayes, and no one did more than she to reflect honor upon American woman- hood. The Literary Cluu brought Mr. Hayes into constant association with young men of high char- acter and noble aims, and lured him to display t'.ie qualities so lonjj hidden by his bashfulness and modesty. In 1856 he was nominated to the office of Judga o!" the Court of Common Pleas; but he declined to ac- cept the nomination. Two years later, the office 01 city solicitor becoming vacant, the City Council elected him for the unexpired term. In 1 861, when the Rebellion broke out, he was at the zenith of his professional life. His rank at the bar was among the the first. But the news of the attack on Fort Sumpter found him eager to take up arms for the defense of his coinitr)-. His military record was bright and illustrious. In October, 1861, he was made Lieutenant-Colonel, and in August, 1 86 2, promoted Colonel of the 79th Ohio regiment, but he refused to leave his old comrades and go among strangers. Subsequently, however, he was made Colonel of his old regiment. At the battle of South Mountain he received a wound, and while faint and bleeding displayed courage and fortitude that won admiration from all. Col. Hayes was detached from his regiment, after his recovery, to act as Brigadier-General, and placed in command of the celebrated Kanawha division, and for gallant and meritorious services in the battles of Winchester, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, he was promoted Brigadier-General. He was also brevetted Major-General, "for gallant and distinguished services during the campaigns of 1S64, in West Virginia." In the course of his arduous services, four horses were shot from under him, and he was wounded four times In 1864, Gen. Hayes was elected to Congress, from the Second Ohio District, which had long been Dem- ocratic. He was not present during the campaign, and after his election was importuned to resign his commission in the army; but he finally declared, " I shall never come to Washington until I can come by the way of Richmond." He was re-elected in 1866. Ir. 1867, Gen Hayes was elected Governor of Ohio, over Hon. Allen G. Thurman, a jxipular Democrat. In 1869 was re-elected over George H. Pendleton. He was elected Governor for the third term in 1875. In 1876 he was the standard bearer of the Repub- lican Party in the Presidential contest, and after a hard long contest was chosen President, and was in augurated Monday, March 5, 1875. He served his full term, not, however, with satisfaction to his party, but his administration was an average op = TiVENTIETH PRESIDENT. ^»^ r^^ UAMES, 4, y,ARFIELD. . ^' 4. -^ # .fr * ^ .j.^ -,j,_ -^^ ^,1^ * ^ -^ 4,- \MES A. GARl'IELD, twen- tieth President of the United States, was born Nov. 19, 1831, in the woods of Orange, Cuyahoga Co., O His par- ents were Abram and Eliza (Ballou) Garfield, both of New J ngland ancestry and from fami- lies well known in the early his- toiy of that section of our coun- try, but had moved to the Western Reserve, in Ohio, early in its settle- ment. The house in which James A. was born was not unlike the houses of poor Ohio farmers of that day. It u as about 20x30 feet, built of logs, with the spaces be- tween the logs filled with clay. His father was a nard working farmer, and he soon had his fields cleared, an orchard planted, and a log barn built. The household comprised the father and mother and iheir four children — Mehetabel, Thomas, Mary and "ames. In May, 1823, the father, from a cold con- .racted in helping to ])ut out a forest fire, died. At chis time James was about eighteen months old, and Thomas about ten years old. No one, perhaps, can tell how much James was indebted to his biother's .toil and self-sacrifice during the twenty years suc- ceeding his father's death, but undoubtedly very much. He now lives in Michigan, and the two sis- ters live in Solon, O., near their birthplace. The early educational advantages young Garfield enjoyed were very limited, yet he made the most of tiiem. He labored at farm work for others, did car- penter work, chopped wood, or did anything that would bring in a few dollars to aid his widowed mother in he- 'Struggles to keep the little family to- gether. Nor was Gen. Garfield ever ashamed of hi? origin, and he never forgot the friends of his strug- gling childhood, youth and manhood, neither did thi y ever forget him. When in the highest seats of honor the humblest fiiend of his boyliood was as kindly greeted as ever. The poorest laborer was sureof the sympathy of one who had known all the bitterness of want and the sweetness of bread earned by the sweat of the brow. He was ever the simple, ))lain, modest gentleman. The highest ambition of young Garfield until hi was about sixteen years old was to be a captain of a vessel on Lake Erie. He was anxious to go aboard a vessel, which his mother strongly opposed. She finally consented to his going to Cleveland, with th.; understanding, however, that he sliould try to obtain some other kind of employment. He walked all the way to Cleveland. This was his first visit to the cuy. After making many applications for work, and trying to get aboard a lake vessel, and not meeting wiiii success, he engaged as a driver for his cousin, Ames Letcher, on the Ohio & Pennsylvania Canal. He re- mained at this work but a short time when he wen' home, and attended the seminary at Chester fo- about three years, when he entered Hiram and the Eclectic Institute, teaching a few terms of school in the meantime, and doing other work. This schoc! was started by the Disciples of Christ in 1850, of which church he was then a member. He became janitor and bell-ringer in order to help pay his way. He then became both teacher and pupil. He soon " exhausted Hiram " and needed more ; hence, in the fall of 1854, he entered Williams College, from which he graduated in 1856, taking one of the highest hon- ors of his class. He afterwards returned to Hiram College as its Presit'ent. As above stated, he early united with the Christian or Diciples Church at Hiram, and was ever after a devoted, zealous mem- ber, often preaching in its ])ulpit and i)laces where he happened to be. Dr. Noah Porter, President of Vale College, says of him in reference to his religion : 96 JAMES A. GARFIELD. " President Garfield was more than a man of strong moral and religious convictions. His whole history, from boyhood to the last, shows that duty to man and to God, and devotion to Christ and life and faith and spiritual commission were controlling springs of his being, and to a more than usual degree. In my judgment there is no more interesting feature of his character than his loyal allegiance to the body of Christians in which he was trained, and the fervent sympathy which he ever showed in their Christian communion. Not many of the few 'wise and mighty and noble who arc called' show a similar loyalty to the less stately and cultured Christian communions in which they have been reared. Too often it is true that as they step upward in social and political sig- nificance they step upward from one degree to another in some of the many types of fashionable Christianity. President Garfield adhered to the church of his mother, the church in which he was trained, and in which he served as a pillar and an evangelist, and yet with the largest and most unsec- larian charity for all 'who loveour Lord in sincerity.'" Mr. Garfield was united in marriage with Miss Lucretia Rudolph, Nov. i r, rSsS, who proved lierself worthy as the wife of one whom all the world loved and mourned. To them were born seven children, five of whom are still living, four boys and one girl. Mr. Garfield made his first political speeches in 1856, in Hiram and the neighboring villages, and three years later he began to speak at county mass-meet- ings, and became the favorite speaker wherever he was. During this year he was elected to the Ohio Senate. He also began to study law at Cleveland, and in 1861 was admitted to the bar. The great Rebellion broke out in the early part of this year, and Mr. Garfield at once resolved to figlit as he had talked, and enlisted to defend the old flag. He re- ceived his commission as Lieut. -Colonel of the Forty- second Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Aug. T4, 1861. He was immediately put into active ser- vice, and before he had ever seen a gun fired in ac'ion, was placed in command of four regiments of infantr)' and eight companies of cavalry, charged with the work of driving out of his native State the officer (Humphrey Marshall) reputed to be the ablest of those, not educated to war whom Kentucky had given to the Rebellion. This work was bravely and S])eed- ily accomplished, although against gre.it odds. Pres- ident Lincoln, on his success commissioned him Brigadier-General, Jan. ro, 1S62; and as "he had been the youngest man in the Ohio Senate two years before, so now he was the youngest General in the army." He was with Gen. Buell's army at Shiloh, in iisoperations around Corinth and its march through Alabama. He was tiien detailed as a member of the General Court-Martial for the trial of Gen. Fitz-John Porter. He was then ordered to report to Gen. Rose- crans, and was assigned to the "Chief of .Staff." The military hi'storj' of Gen. Garfield closed with his brilliant services at Chickamauga, where he woo the stars of the Major-General. Without an effort on his part Get? Garfield waj- elected to Congress in the fall of 1862 from the Nineteenth District of Ohio. This section of Ohio had been represented in Congress for si.vty years mainly by two men — Elisha Whittlesey and Joshua R. Giddings. It was not without a struggle that he resigned his place in tlie army. At the time he en- tered Congress he was the youngest member in thai body. Ther'; he remained by successive re- elections until he was elected President in 1880. Of liis labors in Congress Senator Hoar says : " Since the year 1864 you cannot think of a question which has been debated in Congress, or discussed before a tribunel of the American people, in regard to which you will not find, if you wish mstruction, the argu- ment on one side stated, in almost ever)' instance belter than by anybody else, in some speech made in the House of Representatives or on the hustings by Mr. Garfield." Uixju Jan. 14, 1880, Gen. Garfield was elected 10 the U. S. Senate, and on the eighth of June, of the same year, was nominated as the candidate of his party for President at the great Chicago Convention. He was elected in the following November, and on March 4, 1881, was inaugurated. Probably no ad- ministration ever opened its existence under brighter auspices than that of President Gaifield, and every day it grew in favo/ with the people, and by the first of July he had completed all the initiatory and pre- liminary work of his administration and was prepar- ing to leave the city to meet his friends at Williams College, While on his way and at the deiwt, in com- pany with Secretary Blaine, a man stepped behind him, drew a revolver, and fired directly at his back. The President tottered and fell, and as he did so the assassin fired a second shot, the bullet cutting the left coat sleeve of his victim, but inflicting nofurlhei injury. It has been very truthfully said that this was " the shot that was heard round the world " Never before in the history of the Nation had anything oc- curred which so nearly froze the blood of the people for the moment, as this awful deed. He was smit- ten on the brightest, gladdest day of all his life, and was at the summit of his power and hojie. Foreighty days, all during the hot months of July and August, he lingered and suffered. He, however, remained master of himself till the last, and by his magnificent bearing was teaching the country and the world the , noblest of human lessons — how to live grandly in the very clutch of death. Great in life, he was surpass- ingly great in death. He passed serenely away Sept. 19, 1883, at Elberon, N. J , on the very bank of the ocean, where he had been taken shortly previous. The world wept at his death, as it never had done on the death of any other man who had ever lived upon it. The murderer was duly tried, found guilty and exe- cuted, in one year after he committed the fou; deed. ^3¥^r^^^i^^ ;)u J T WEJSI T Y-FIRS T PRESIDENT. ^— ^' \ I W, .5^' W'l \^ A, .\ !>^M' ! ( (( X\y ^^ W" HESTER A. ARTHUR, twenty-first Presi''.>,iiL of the United States was born in Franklin Cour ty, Vermont, on the fifth of Oc'ober, 1830, and is the oldest of a family of two ' sons and five daughters. His father was the Rev. Dr. William Arthur, a Baptist c'.rgyman, who t emigrated to tb.s country fro-n the county Antrim, Ireland, in - --, ,8th year, and died in 187 c, in ^p^ Newtonville, neai" Albany, after a long and successful ministry. Young Arthur was educated at Union College, S( henectady, where he excelled in all his studies. Af- ter his graduation he taught school m Vermont for two years, and at the expiration cf that time came to New York, with $500 in his pocket, and e.itered the o*fice of ex-Judge E D, Culver as student. After being admitted to the bar he formed ». partnership with his intimate friend and room-mate, Henry D. Gardiner, with the intention of practicing in the West, and for three months they roamed about in the Western States in search of an eligible site, but in the end returned to New York, where they hung out their shingle, and entered upon a success- ful career almost from the start. General Arthur soon afterward marred the daughter of Lieutenant kofC. Herndon, of the United States Navy, who was lost at sea. Congress voted a gold medal to his widow ir. recognition of the bravery he displayed on that occa- sion. Mrs. Arthur died shortly before Mr. Arthurs nomination to the Vice Presidency, leaving two children. Gen. Arthur obtained considerable legal celebrity in his first great case, the famous Lemmon suit, brought to recover possession of eight slaves who had been declared free by Judge Paine, of the Superior Court of New York City. It was in 1852 that Jon. athan Lemmon, of Virginia, went to New York with his slaves, intending to ship tliem to Texas, when they were discovered and freed. The Judge decided that they could not be held by the owner under the Fugitive Slave Law. A howl of rage went up from the South, and the Virginia Legislature authorized the Attorney General of that State to assist in an appeal. Wm. M. Evarts and Chester A. Arthur were employed to represent the People, and they won their case, which then went to the Supreme Court of the United States. Charles O'Conor here espoused the cause of the slave-holders, but he too was beaten by Messrs Evarts and Arthur, and a long step was taken toward the emancipation of the black race. Another great service was rendered by General Arthur in the same cause in 1856. Lizzie Jennings, a respectable colored woman, was put off a Fourth Avenue car with violence after she had paid her fare. General Arthur sued on her behalf, and secured a verdict of I500 damages. The next day the compa- ny issued an order to admit colored persons to ride on their cars, and the other car companies ciuickly CHESTER A. ARTHUR. followed their example. Before that the Sixth Ave- nue Company ran a few special cars for colored per- sons and the other lines refused to let them ride at all. General Arthur was a delegate to the Convention at Saratoga that founded the Republican party. Previous to tlie war he was Judge-Advocate of the Second Brigade of the State of New York, and Gov- ernor Morgan, of that State, appointed hmi Engineer- in-Chief of his staff. In 1861, he was made Inspec- tor General, and soon afterward became Quartermas- ter-General. In each of these offices he rendered great service to the Government during the war. At the end of Governor Morgan's term he resumed the practice of the law, forming a partnership with Mr. Ransom, and then Mr. Phelps, the District Attorney of New York, was added to the firm. The legal prac- tice of this well-known firm was very large and lucra- tive, each of the gentlemen composing it were able lawyers, and possessed a splendid local reputation, if not indeed one of national extent. He always took a leading part in State a;id city politics. He was appointed Collector of the Port of New York by President Grant, Nov. 21 1872, to suc- ceed Thomas Murphy, and held the office until July, 20, 1878, when he was succeeded by Collector Merritt. Mr. Arthur was nominated on the Presidential ticket, with Gen. James A. Garfield, at the famous National Republican Convention held at Chicago in June, 1880. This was perhaps the greatest political convention that ever assembled on the continent. It was composed of the 'sading jxiliticians of the Re- publican party, all able men, and each stood firm and fought vigorously and with signal tenacity for their respective candidates that were before the conven- tion for the nomination. Finally Gen. Garfield re- ceived the nomination for President and Gen. Arthur for Vice-President. The campaign which followed was one of the most animated known in the history of our country. Gen. Hancock, the standard-bearer of the Democratic party, was a popular man, and his party made a valiant fight for his election. Finally the election came and the country's choice .vas Garfield and Arthur. They were inaugurated March 4, i88r, as President and Vice-President. A few months only had passed ere the newly chosen President was the victim of the assassin's bullet. Then came terrible weeks of suffering, — those moments of anxious suspense, when the hearts of all civilized na- tions were throbbing in unison, longing for the re- covery of the noble, the good President. The remark- able patience that he manifested during those hours and weeks, and even months, of the most terrible suf- fering man has often been called upon to endure, was seemingly more than human. It was certainly God- like. During all this period of deepest anxiety Mr. Arthur's every move was watched, and be it said to his credit that his every action displayed only an earnest desire that the suffering Garfield might recover, to serve the remainder of the term he had so auspi- ciously begun. Not a selfish feeling was manifested in deed or look of this man, even though the most honored iX)sition in the world was at any moment likely to fall to him. At last God in his mercy relieved President Gar- ■field from further suffering, and the world, as never before in its history over the death of any other man, wept at his bier. Then it became the duty of the Vice President to assume the responsibilities of the high office, and he took the oath in New York, Sept. 20, 1881. The position was an embarrassing one to him, made doubly so from the facts that all eyes were on him, anxious to know what he would do, what policy he \TDuld pursue, and who he would se- lect as advisers. The duties of the office had been greatly neglected during the President's long illness, and many imix)rtant measures were to be immediately decided by him ; and still farther to embarrass him he did not fail to realize under what circumstances he became President, and knew the feelings of many on this point. Under these trying circumstances President Arthur took the reins of the Government in his own hands ; and, as embarrassing as were the condition of affairs, he happily surprised the nation, acting so wisely that but few criticised his administration. He served the nation well and faithfully, until the close of his administration, March 4, 1885, and was a popular candidate before his party for a second term. His name was ably presented before the con- vention at Chicago, and was received with great fovor, and doubtless but for the personal popularity of one of the opposing candidates, he would have been selected as the standard-bearer of his party for another campaign. He retired to private life car- rying with him the best wishes of the American peo- ple, whom he had served in a manner satisfactory to them and with credit to himself. C.^hi^rLC/;^ CJ^C^.-c/CLyiy^Ai TWENTY -SECOND PRESIDENT. ^^^kl/^JSL^^ '^x^-^tx Cie^rfnwfi. ^.^^^vv^/vyt^ ^^; TEPHEN GROVER CLEVE- LAND, the twenty- second Pres- ident of the United States, was born in 1837, in the obscure town of Caldwell, Essex Co., N. J., and in a little two-and-a- half-story white house which is still standing, characteristically to mark the huinble birth-place of one of America's great men in striking con- trast with the Old World, where all men high in office must be high in origin and born :n the cradle of wealth. When the subject of this sketch was three years of age, his father, who was a Presbyterian min- ister, with a large family and a small salary, moved, by way of the Hudson River and Erie Canal, to Fayetteville, in search of an inceased income and a larger field of work. Fayetteville was then the most straggling of country villages, about five miles from Ponipey Hill, where Governor Seymour was born. At the last mentioned place young Grover com- menced going to school in the "good, old-fashioned way," and presumably distinguished himself after the manner of all village boys, in doing the things he ought not to do. Such is the distinguishing trait of all geniuses and independent thinkers. When he arrived at the age of 14 years, he had outgrown the capacity of the village school and expressed a most emphatic desire to be sent to an academy. To this his father decidedly objected. Academies in those days cost money; besides, his father wanted him to become self-supporting by the quickest possible means, and this at that time in Fayette/ille seemed to be a position in a country store, where his father and the large family on his hands had considerable influence. Grover was to be paid I50 for his services the first year, and if he proved trustworthy he was to receive $100 the second year. Here the lad com- menced his career as salesman, and in two years he had earned so good a reputation for trustworthiness that his employers desired to retain him for an in- definite length of time. Otherwise he did not ex- hibit as yet any particular " flashes of genius " or eccentricities of talent. He was simply a good boy. But instead of remaining with this firm in Fayette- ville, he went with the family in their removal to Clinton, where he had an opportunity of attending a high school. Here he industriously pursued his studies until the family removed with him to a point on Black River known as the " Holland Patent," a village of 500 or 600 people, 15 miles north of Utica, N. Y. At this place his father died, after preaching but three Sundays. This event broke up the family, and Grover set out for New York City to accept, at a small salary, the position of " under-teacher " in an asylum for the blind. He taught faithfully for two years, and although he obtained a good reputation in this capacity, he concluded that teaching was not his S. G ROVER CLEVELAND. calling for life, and, reversing the traditional order, he left the city to seek his fortune, instead of going to a city. He first thought of Cleveland, Ohio, as there was some charm in that name for him; but before proceeding to that place he went to Buffalo to nsk the advice of his uncle, Lewis F. Allan, a noted stock-breeder of that place. The latter did not speak enthusiastically. "What is it you want to do, my boy?" he asked. "Well, sir, I want to study law," was the reply. "Good gracious!" remarked the old gentleman ; " do you, indeed ? What ever put that into your head? How much money have you got?" --Well, sir, to tell the truth, I haven't got anv." After a long consultation, his uncle offered him a place temporarily as assistant herd-keeper, at $50 a year, wiiile lie cuuld "look around." One day soon afterward he boldly walked into the office of Rogers, Bowen & Rogers, of Buffalo, and told Ihem what he wanted. A number of young men were already en- gaged in the office, but Grover's persistency won, and ne was finally permitted to come as an office boy and have the use of the law library, for the nominal sum of $3 or $4 a week. Out of this he had to pay for his board and washing. The walk to and from his uncle's was a long and rugged one; and, although the first winter was a memorably severe one, his shoes were out of repair and his overcoat — he had none— yet he was nevertheless prompt and regular. On the first day of his service here, his senior em- ployer threw down a copy of Blackstone before him with a bang that made the dust fly, saying "That's where they all begin." A titter ran around the little circle of clerks and students, as they thought that was enough to scare young Grover out of his plans ; but in due time he mastered that cumbersome volume. Then, as ever afterward, however, Mr. Cleveland exhibited a talent for executiveness rather than for chasing principles through all their metaphysical possibilities. " Let us quit talking and go and do t," was practically his motto. The first public office to which Mr. Cleveland was eiected was that of Sheriff of Erie Co., N. Y., in which Bufifiilo is situated ; and in such capacity it fell to his duty to inflict capital punishment upon two criminals. In iSSi he was elected Mayor of the City of Buffalo, on the Democratic ticket, with es- pecial reference to the bringing about certain reforms in the administration of the municipal affairs of that city. \\\ this office, as well as that of Sheriff, his performance of duty has generally been considered fair, with possibly a few exceptions which were fer- reted out and magnified during the last Presidential campaign. As a specimen of his plain language in a veto message, we quote from one vetoing an iniqui- tous street-cleaning contract: "This is a time foi plain speech, and my objection to your action shall l)e plainly stated. I regard it as the culmination of a mos bare-faced, impudent and shameless scheme to betray the interests of the peoplr, and to worsj than squander the people's money." The New York Sun afterward very highly commended Mr. Cleve- land's administration as ^Layor of Buffalo, and there- upon recommended him for Governor of the Empire State. To the latter office he was elected in 1882, and his administration of the affairs of State was generally satisfactory. The mistakes he made, if any, were made very public throughout the nation after he was nominated for President of the United States. For this high office he was nominated July It, 1884, by the National Democratic Convention a' Chicago, when other competitors were Thomas F. Bayard, Roswell P, Flower, Thomas A. Hendricks, Benjamin F. Butler, Allen G. Thurman, etc.; and he was elected by the people, by a majority of about a thousand, over the brilliant and long-tried Repub- lican statesman, James G. Blaine. President Cleve- land resigned his office as Governor of New York in January, 1885, in order to prepare for his duties as the Chief Executive of the United States, in which capacity his term commenced at noon on the 4th of March, 1885. For his Cabinet officers he selected tlie following gentlemen: For Secretary of State, Thomas F. Bayard, of Delaware ; Secretary of the Treasury, Daniel Manning, of New York ; Secretary of War, William C. Endicott, of Massachusetts; Secretary of the Navy, William C. Whitney, of New York; Secretary of the Interior, L. Q. C. Lamar, of Mississippi; Postmaster-General, William F. Vilas, of Wisconsin ; Attorney-General, A. H. Garland, of Arkansas. The silver question precipitated a controver.-.y be- tween those who were in favor of the continuance of silver coinage and those who were opposed, Mr. Cleveland answering for the latter, even before his inauguration. c^. TWENTY-THIRD PRESIDENT. ^^^f€>^^^m^m^^^^^^^^^^€ ..o*o■■c9^^. at tlie home of his son, Augustus C. Dodge, iu Burlington. Iowa, he was a member of the Episcopal Church. His last years were psissed mostly at Mineral Point in a state of complete rest and peace, in emphatic and beautiful contrast to the privations, warfare and stormy activity of his earlier life on the front- ier and far into the heart of the Indian country. In 1870 the Legislature of Wisconsin appropri- ated $2,000 for Knowles' marble bu.st of (iov. Dodge, which stands in the Capitol at Madison. No other citizen was ever thus honored at public exjiensc. GOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. JAMfs"DUANfDOTY, ' HE ablest ano most compre- hensive of our pioneer ^, v^i g |\,_y tj Statesmen, and the one who r '-SI— ~_i?L< ™ possessed a better knowledge of the Territory and its ro- •50urces, and a surer insight into the future than an}' other man of his time, was born at Salem, AVashington Co., N. Y., on Nov. 5, 1799. After com- pleting a thorough English course of study, he studied law, and in his twentieth j-ear settled in Detroit, where his suave manners, ' conspicuous ability and handsome, ccjnimanding presence brought immediate popu- arity. In 1810 he was admitted to the bar of the Su- preme Court of Michigan, and soon after was elected Secretary of the Detroit City Council-, Clerk of the Supreme Court, and Secretary of the Terri- torial Legislature. In these positions he increased ills reputation, for he seemed to know exactly how everything connected with administrative affairs should be done, and possessed the tact to do it ac- curately and promptly. Charles C. Trowbridge, of Detroit, in a letter to L3'man C. Draper, of the Wisconsin State Histori- cal Society, says: "I found Doty here when I came, in September, 1819, and roomed with him; made the tour of tiie lakes wilh him in Gen. Cass' expedition of 1820, and enjoj'ed his uninterrupted friendship. He became the law partner of George McDougal, * * who predicted from the first that Doty would become a man of mark. The partner- ship continued several years— I think until Doty was made Judge of the Northern District. * * While he lived in Detroit, Gov. Doty was dis- tinguished for close application to his profession and for frugality." In 1820 Lewis Cass made his famous tour of the lakes, and penetrated to the source of the Missis- sippi in a flotilla of birch-bark canoes. Doty was secretary of the expedition, and his report is still looked upon as embodying the most accurate in- formation to be had in reference to the condition of the country before it was settled by the whites — game, food-products, Indian tribes and habits, tim- ber, etc. "Northern Wisconsin in 1820," in Vol. VII Wisconsin Historical Collections. At the close of this expedition, at the age of twenty-two, having already' revised and published the laws of Michi- gan, Doty went to Washington and was admitted to practice before the United States Supreme Court. In 1823, all the country west of Lakes Michigan and Superior, in the old Northwest Territory, was set off into a new judicial district, and Mr. Doty was appointed by President Monroe to be its first judge. It is not possible now to fully appreciate the dangers and responsibilities which this appoint- ment entailed. He was compelled to establish this hitherto unknown authority at Prairie du Chien, Green Bay and Mackinaw; traveling with his books, papers and records, on horseback, between these lis JAMES DUANE DOTY. wklel}--separate(l points through a hostile and un- known country. Besides, the condition of such as called themselves settlers was, in its way, even worse. At each point were a few soldiers ; here and there were traders living with Indian women and everj'where around and mixed in with tiiem were Indians subject to no authority whatever, as they believed. He was compelled to hear murder trials, divorce suits, actions upon contracts^ controversies between trappers, claims to lands yet luisurveyed, to settle conflicts between civil and military author- ity, and generally to bring order out of social chaos; and here should be recoided Mr. Doty's most important and dillicult work — laj'ing the foundation of society and teaching these wild classes to respect and obey the laws. At first the people were disposed to resist the Judge's authority, as he at once began to compel those who had been living with Indian women to marry or leave them and provide for whatever offspring had been the fruits of these strange unions. Judge Dot3''s record, from the time of his first term at Mackinaw, beginning on July 21, 1823, to iS'ovemher, 1 832, is preserved in the vaults of the Stale Historical Society at Madison, and is a moilel of neatness and perspicuitj\ In 1832 he was appointed by the Secretary of War to lay out militarj' roads from Green Bay to Prairie du Chien and to Ft. Dearborn, now Chicago, and in 1834 was elected to serve as a member of the Territorial Legislature of Michigan, drafting and passing the act which made Michigan a State, and Wisconsin a Territor}'. The first legislature of the Territory of Wiscon- sin met in 1836 and fixed the seat of government. There were several candidates — some real places, like Fond du Lac, Mineral Point, C'assville, Bel- mont and Green Bay, and some cities on paper. Mr. Doty, knowing the tojwgraphy of the country' better than any other man, entered a large tract of land between the lakes at JIadison — a beautiful k>- cation — platted it, and offered free a site in the midst of a fine natural park for the capitol Imildings. After a bitter fight he was victorious, and Madison was chosen as the seat of government. From this event dated the unparalleled political assaults upon Mr. Doty, which did not cease until he was com- pletely out of the public eye — the foundation for it all — being the disappointment of speculators and politicians who wanted the capital located else- where; yet all concede now that Gov. Doty selected the most beautiful location in the State for the State House. In 1837 he was elected delegate to Congress; was re-elected two years later, and served until he was made Governor and Superintendent of Indian Affairs of Wisconsin Territory, in which capacity he .served from Oct. 5, 1841 to Sept. 10, 1844. Gov. Doty's first message was long and compre- hensive. He opposed all laws creating monopolies — charters granting exclusive privileges; recom- mended that steps be taken to organize a State; that bank circulation should be circumscribed and rendered more stable; that, to encourage the intro- duction of sheep and growth of wool, sheep and their fleeces be exempt from taxation ; that a more effective system for the support of common schools should be devised, and that all the Indians be re- moved from the Territory. Although his administration was stormy and un- pleasant — an open rupture occurring between him- self and the Legislature — Gov. Doty was active and ambitious in behalf of the people of the Terri- tory. He made a vigorous attemi)t to have the southern boundary of Wisconsin established on a line drawn westward from the head of Lake Michi- gan, as the Ordinance of 1787 provided, which would have made Chicago instead of Jlilwaukee the metropolis of Wisconsin. In 1846 he was chosen to serve in the conven- tion called to form a new State constitution, and in 1849 was elected to Congress, and re-elected in 1851. While serving in this cai)acity he was branded as an Abolitionist, because, desiring to protect an important interest in his State, he re- fused to vote to repeal the duty on lead. In 1861 he was appointed Superintendent of In- dian Affairs of Utah, and made the first treaty ever had with the Shoshonees. In May, 1863 he was made (iovcrnor of Utah, in which capacity he was forced to contend with the bloody and unscrupu- lous powers of the INlormon Church, and which office he held at the time of his death, June 13, 1865. cy^^:U^o^e^ ^. 7a£l^.^.^S^ GOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. HE Talhiiatlge family is of Saxon descent, as tlie name, originally spelled Tolle- mache, indicates. Burke says, "It has flourished with the greatest honor in an unin- terrupted male succession in the County of Suffolk since the first arrival of the Saxons in Eng- land, a period of more than thirteen centuries. ToUemache, Lord of Bentle}-, and Stoke ToUe- mache. in the County of Oxford, lived in the Sixth century; and ' upon the old manor-house of Bent- ley is still the following inscription : "Before the Norman into England came, Bentley was my resi- dence and ToUemache my name." Joel, father of N. P. Tallmadge, served witli honor in tlie War of the Revolution, and was pres- ent at tlie surrender of Gen. Burgoyne. Nathaniel P. was born at Chatham, Columbia Co., N. Y., on Feb. 8, 1795. He first attracted attention by an unusual thirst for knowledge, beginning latin with- out a tutor, while yet in the district school. So conspicuous was the bo3-'s ability to acquire inform- ation that he was placed under the care of William H. Maynard, from whom he imbibed modes of thought that colored his entire life. After graduating from Williams College witli honor in 1815, he began the study of law in the office of Gen. James Tallmadge, in Poughkeepsie, who taught him to be thorough rather than in haste to pass an examination. In 1 8 1 8 he was ad mitted to the bar and began the practice of his profession, wholly eschewing politics until 1828, when he was elected to the Assembly from Duchess County. Though this Legislature was composed of excep- tionally able men, when it came to revising the statutes young Tallmadge showed such a complete knowledge of the principles of law and govern- ment that he was soon acknowledged to be a leader. In 1829 he was elected to the State Senate, where he made a reputation that extended far beyond the borders of his state. DeWitt Clinton's Erie canal project having always been defended by him, he was made chairman of the committee on canals. The subject of railways had begun to attract at- tention in the LTnited States. No man in the country had a more thorough undeistanding than Mr. Tallmadge of the experiments in Europe with steam transportation, and this knowledge was em- bodied in an elaborate report to the Senate, which discussed the subject in a manner that would do credit to the present day. He pointed out that railway transportation would sooner or later super- sede every other form, "as railwaj's do not freeze in the winter nur dry up in tlie summer, besides in speed and safety, they will be incomparable." He especially desired to see a railroad built along the banks of the Hudson River, between New York and Albany, for the purpose of testing his theory that boats could not long compete with locomotives. Before the expiration of his term in the State Senate he was elected to the United States Senate for the term of six years beginning March 4, 1833. Although perhaps llie youngest man in that body. Mr. Tallmadge exerted a marked influence in shap- ing legislation. He was a sound logician an;^tt>^t5gi'^»^t^»^tgat^t^ta§,L ; ->€$^$-e- OLES BASHFORD acquired populaiit}' enough to enable him to reach the highest office in the gift of the peo- ple of the State in a shorter period — less than 'five years "^ from the time he settled in ^^l^^.>nsm — than has ever sufficed to m ikc any other man Governor of Wis- consin. But few men ever possessed an ecpial faculty for making and re- Xi^W j\ t lining friends. Mr. Bashford was lioiii at Cold .Spring, Putnam Co., N ^ Jan. 24. 18] 0. He was edu- cated in the AVesleyan Seminary, now Genesee College, at Lima, N. Y., where he was a hrilliant studei.t. He studied law with John M. Holley. at Lyons, N. Y., and in 1841 was admitted A-y tiie bar. During the following year he removed 'O, and ill 1847 was elected District Attorney of "Wayne County. Though re-elected with increased popularity, he resigned in 18.50, and removed to iie growing city of Oshkosh, "VVis.. where he at cnee became a prominent figure at the bar and in politics. In 1851 he wns in tlie Whig State convention, and assisted in the nomination of Leonard J. Far- well for Governor, and the next year, almost as soon as he w.is eligible, was elected to tlie State Senate as a Whig and Free Soiler. Proving an able and useful Senator he w.as re-elected in 1854, for the years 1855-56 but resigned to become, in 1855, the first Republican candidate for Governor. The campaign was more hotly contested than any of its predecessors, and by the first and true returns ]\Ir. Bashford was elected by a small majority, though the other Republican nominees were de- feated However, several sets of ••supplemeutal" returns were concocted as coming from remote points in the pineries. These, purporting in some cases to have come from places known to be without white inhabitants, were overwhelmingly in favor of the Democratic candidate, Barstow, and were of course manufactured in sufficient numl)ers to overcome the small majority honestly cast for Mr. Bashford. Tlie State Board of Canvassers were partisans of Barstow, and so received ,ind counted these spurious returns from uninhabited districts, and declared him elected. Mr. Barstow took the oath of office, as usual, in the executive chamber, on the 7th of January, 1856, and continued personally in charge of the office. On the same day, at noon, Mr. Bashford COLES BASHFORD. appeared before the Supreme Court and was sworu ill as (Jovernor by Chief Justice Whiton. Thence he proceeded to the executive cliainber and form- ally demanded possession; but Mr. Barstow, pre- senting his compliments and resiiects. declined to abdicate or vacate. Thereafter, on the •request of INIr. Bashford, the Attorne}' General of the State filed an information with the Supreme Court in- quiring by what right or title Barstow held the oflice of Gow; nor, and the Court summoned the defendant to iii)i)ear and make answer thereto. He did not appear until February 2, when his attorneys moved to quash all proceedings thus far had under the writ, for the reason tliatthe Court had no juris- diction of the case. This motion was denied, the Court holding at the same time, tiiat the filing of the motion was an admission b^' JMr. Barstow that the allegations in the information tilod b3' the At- (orncy (.General were true. He was ordered also to appear and ple.ad before a certain fixed day. The acting Governor's attorneys pleaded to the jurisdiction of the Court. Mr. Basliford interposed a demurrer to this plea, which was sustained and Mr. Barstow required to answer within four d.ays. His attorne3s then witlidrew from the case, on the giound that to continue further would be an ad- mission that the Court had rightful and final juris- diction over it. The Court then held tiiat every- thing pleaded by Mr. Bashford wiis confessed b^- the default of Mr. Barstow; yet declined to con- form to general usage and enter judgment for the plaintiff then and there, but ordered plaintiff to produie evidence to prove his case. Mr. Bashford might have demanded judgment upon the default of the defendant, but instead proceeded to bring in proof of the truth of his allegations. The evidence thus jjroduced was so clear in es- t.ablishing the spuriousness of the '•supplemental" returns that Mr. Barstow resigned on March 21. !ind Artliur MacArlhur, J.ieutenant-Governor, be- came Governor instead of Bashford, because the Court had not yet rendered a final decision. The Suj renie Court now entered judgment in favor of Mr. Bashford, declaring him duly and rightfully elected to the office of (Jovernor, and entitled to liie executive chair. On the 25th he called on MacArtliur and demanded possession, intimating that he '-preferred peaceable me.asures to force, but that the latter would be used if necessary." The Lieutenant-Governor thereupon vacated the chair, and Mr. Bashford became Governor. This is a memor.able case, and one that will make the names of Barstow and B.ishford forever promi- nent in history. It was a lime of intense excite- ment, and liad it not been for tlie coolness of both jjrincipals. bloodslied might iiave followed. The Re- publicans proposed, if Barstow should refuse to obey the order of the Court, in case it should be figainst him, to take possession and inaugurate Bashford by force. On the other hand the Demo- crats claimed that the Court had no right to in- quire into whether Barstow had been legallj' or I fraudulently elected, or whether he had been elected at all, and werei)repared to resist with force and arms any movement the Republicans might make. Arms were stored in the basement of the capitol. and in some of the hotels in Madison, and for a time a reign of civil strife seemed inevitable. But as Bashford onlj- asked to have both parties obey and abide by the judgment of the Court, and as Barstow was opposed to using force to resist carry- ing out that judgment, should it be unfavorable to him, an armed collision was averted. The legal :ispect of the case was no less interest- ing. Bashford's attorne3's being Kil ward G. Ryan. Alex. M. Randall and Timothy O. Howe; and Barstow's being Harlow S. Orton, Jonathan E. Arnold and Matt. H. Carpenter, and the case itself the very first of its kinfl in the United States. Very little of importance occurred during the in- cumbency of Mr. Bashford, save the disposal of the St. Croix land grant, which disastrously in- volved a large number of prominent men. At the end of his term he declined to be a candidate for re-election, and afterward, in 1863. removed to Tucson, Arizona, resuming the practice of law in the meantime at Oshkosh. In Arizona his upward career was as rapid and popular as it had been at Oshkosh. Jn 1864 he was electeil to the Territorial Council, and chosen presi- dent of tliat boily .almost without opposition. In 1866 he was made Attorney General of the Terri- tory, and the same year electeil delegate to Con- gress. After the expiration of a term in Congress he was ai)pointed SecreUiry of the Territory, which position he held until 1876, when he resigned to resume the practice of law, in which he became very prominent and made a great deal of money. Mr. B.ashford died, on the 25tli of April. 1878, of heart disease, possessed of an ample fortune. He is described by Gen. David Atwood, who knew him well, as "able, well-read m the law, genial and pop- ular. He was warm in his attachments to friends, and would stand by them through any emergency; in conversation he was alwa\-s agreeable and in- structive. Ho was even-tempered and cool at all times. Even in the excitement of the guberna- torial contest he w.os the coolest man to be found. Well do I remember the conte^t. and mMy did Coles Bashford conduct himself through the trying o'-deal " .,^..,^^^-^^— ^ GOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. ISCONSIN has had some able men and some strong men as governors; but INIr. Randall was able, strong, patriotic and '"R) ALEXANDER WILLIAMS RANDALL. il Las any strength. Is our written constitution more than a sheet of parchment? The nation must be lost or preserved by its own strength. Its strength is the patriotism of the people. Now is the time when politicians must become patriots and men, and show tiieir love of country by every sac- rifice save that of principle." In closing this re- markable mcssnge, he urged the Legislature to piepare "to respond to the call of the National Government for men and moans to preserve the integrity of the Union." Three months later Ft. .Sumter was fired upon, and Lincoln startled the North with his call for troops. It was then that tlie real character of Guv. Randall became conspicuous — it was then that lie was enabled to display his native boldness and ability, and his tremendous force of character. To him the year 18C1 was one of intense activity and great responsibility, the State being without military organization or an overflowing treasury-. But he was fully equal to the occasion. Bonds were issued, money borrowed from the trust funds, fiiithorily granted to place the State on a war footing, military appointments made, camps established, and general preparations for war car- ried on throughout the State with vigor. A good ilhistration of his mental make-up is this sentence, uttered at tiio extra session of the Legislature calleil after tiie news came that Beauregard had lired upon Ft. Sumter: "The Rebellion begins where Charleston is; let it end where Charleston was." Gov. Randall visited all the camps to address and cheer the recruits; made frequent journeys to Washington to encourage and advise with Lincoln, and amidst his thousand new and pressing duties, found time to attend personally to manj' of the details necessary to prepare the soldiers for active duty. He was in frequent conference with Gov. Jlorton, of Indiana, and m.aterially aided in con- ceiving and carrying out tliose plans of the "war governors" of the Nortliwest wljich were of such signal service to the Federal Government. At the close of his second term, in Januarj-, 1862, Gov. Randall was m.ade Minister to Rome by President Lincoln. In 1803 he was appointed Assistant Postmaster General, and in July, 1865, on the resignation of AVilliam Dennison, was in- vited into the Cabinet by President Johnson, as head of the Postoffice Department, in which posi- tion ho continued until the accession of President Grant, in March, 1809. He then opened a law office in Washington, and, until failing health com- pelled him to retire, enjoyed a very lucrative practice. In 18().'> Mr. Kaudall abandoued his residence at Waukeslia, and later made his home at Elmira, N. Y., where he died, on the 2Ctli of July, 1872, aged fifty-three. One of the difficult tasks successfully performed by Gov. Randall was that of re-establishing .and maint.iining the postal service throughout the States that had been in rebellion. It was not a thing that could be done by a mere manifesto or proclamation, but one that required genius, tact, and a profound knowledge of human nature. The experiment of assorting and distributing mail on moving cars was begun while he was As- sistant Postmaster General, in 1863, and during his term .as Postmaster General this service made its greatest strides. He labored constantly' to I simplify this system, clearing away, with his strong, decisive hand, the red tape and cumbrous regula- tions that at first seriously hindered the oj^erations of what is now the most perfect and marvelous public service in the world. As a jovial, fun-loving person, it is not probable that Mr. Randall had his equal in the Northwest. His jokes and burlesques were famous for years throughout the State. He saw and appreciated the bright, the ludicrous and the funny in everything; and, to lighten tlie cares and burdens of life, made the most of every opportunity that presented it- self. He was perhaps the foremost member of that unparalleled secret organization, the "Ancient Evanic Order of 1001," and was the author an>I promoter of some of the most unspe.ak.able of th; man3' unspeakable "initiatory" ceremonies for which that institution w.as famous. He was familiarh known throughout the country as "Aleck," aiul. when occupying his highest positions of honor, w.as the same "Aleck" — never an aristocrat, but a man of the masses — warm-hearted and generous, genial and kind to all. GOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. LOUIS POWELL JARYEY 4-fj KRE is a man who has not been generalljr appreci nted at his full worth by ilie i)eople of Wisconsin, "^ -Liv' ""'iig probably to the ^ * fact that the few months he was permitted to serve as Gover- nor did not afford an opportunity ^2? ft)'" hi™ to become familiar to the masses, either in person or officially, while his unnatural death occurred when the mighty tragedies of the Rebellion overshadowed all things else and almost buried them forever. Mr. Harvey was born July 22, 1820, at East Haddam, Conn. During his eighth year bis parents removed to Strongville, Ohio, where, he family being poor, he was compelled to help earn a livelihood at rude labor. Manual labor, however, intensified rather than dampened the iiatural ardor of ambition. He studied as he 'vorked, and at nineteen entered the Western Re- serve College, at Hudson, Ohio, paying for his joard by woi'king for it, part of the time as a book- binder. A lack of books and clothing forced him to leave school for a time, and ill health drove him perma- nanently from college before he could graduate. On recovering his health young Harvey taught school at Nicholsonville, Ky., and then became a tutor in Woodward College, Cincinnati. In 1841 he settled in Kenosha, Wis., and there opened an academy, becoming also, two years later, the editor of the American, a Whig newspaper. His paper was able and spirited, though courteous, and wielded considerable influence. Though several times a nominee he was elected to no office in Ken- osha, the Whigs being in the minority. However, he was appointed Postmaster b}' President Tyler, and made a popular and efficient officer. In 1847 Mr. Harvey removed to Clinton, in Rock County, and opened a general store. Still main- taining his interest in politics and public affairs, he was elected, in 1847. to the second constitutional convention, in which he helped to frame the organ- ic law of the new State. Abandoning the pursuit of a merchant, he bought the water power at Shopiere, in Rock County, erected a large flouring mill on the site of the dis- tillery, opened a retail store, and began generally to build up the place. The stone church edifice of the Congregationalists was built mainly by him and the public schools received his constant aid and attention. In 1853 he was elected to the State Senate anr. re-elected in 1855, serving four years. In 1859 ho was elected Secretary of State and was very popu- lar. He was considered one of the ablest men and the best debater in the Senate, and was a careful Secretarj^ of State. Indeed, he was one of the ris- ing men of Wisconsin, and, the war of the rebel- lion requiring inceased activity and ability on the 146 LOUIS POWELL ILVRVKV, part of public uffiiials, Mr. Harvey was nominated, in 1861. by tiie Republicans, for Governor, and \v:is elected by a good majority to succeed Alex. W . Randall. On Jan. 10, 1862, he read his inaugural message to the Legislature in person, saying: "No previous Legislature has convened under equal in- centives to a disinterested zeal in the public ser- vice. Tiie occasion pleads with j-ou in rebuke of all the meaner passions, admonishing to the exer- cise of a conscientious patriotism becoming the representatives of a Christian people called in God's providence to pass through the furnace of a great trial of tiieir virtue and of the strength of the Government." After the battle of Pittsburg Landing, in which Wisconsin troops suffered severely. Gov. Harvey asked Surgeon-General Walcott for a list of such articles and their relative quantities as would be of greatest service in the hospitals and on the field. In a very brief space of time after receiving the desired information, more than one hundred boxes of material had been collected, and were with the Governor on their way to the front. Major Jon.as JL Bundy, who was with the Governor, sa^s: "Although pressed with a thousand cares, he made it his dut}' to visit our wounded in the hospital boats, taking them each bj- the hand and cheering them more than can well be described. As he came round among them, his heart full of kind- ness, and his face showing it, tears of joy would run down the cheeks of those brave fellows who had borne the battle's brunt unmoved, and they lost at once the languor that had settled upon them. Then, at Mound City and Paducah, in the hospitals and on the hospital boats, it would have moved a heart of stone to witness the interviews between the Governor and our wounded heroes. There was something more than formality in those visits, and the men knew it by sure instinct. When we went ashore at Savannah for a few hours, on our way to Pittsburg, these scenes became still more affecting. Over 200 of our wounded were there, suffering from neglect and lack of kind care. The news of the Governor's arrival spread as if by magic, and at every house those who could stand clustered around him. and those who had not raised their heads for days sat up, their faces aglow with gratitude for the kind looks, and words, and acts, which showed their Governor's tender care for them. At times these scenes were so affecting that even the Governor's self-control failed him. and he could not trust himself to talk " On the lIHh of April Gov. Harvey bade farewell to the soldiers at Pittsburg L.anding, and after visit- ing Savannah, ten miles below on the river, retired for the night on the '-Dunleith," expecting to take the "Minnehaha" on the following morning for Cairo. At 10 o'clock that night, however, the "Jlinnehaha" came alongside, and in the d.arkness and rain, while attempting to step from one boat to the other, he missed his footing and fell between the steamers. The rapid current swept him down and under a flat boat, and Gov. Harvey was never seen alive. A few daj-s later the bodj' was dis- covered by children sixty-five miles down the river, and buried by residents of the neighborhood. His remains were immediately disinterred by the author- ities and sent to Madison, where, after lying in state in the capitol, they were buried with impres- sive public ceremonies in tlie presence of a irreat concourse of people. After the death of Mr. Harvey his wife entered the army as a nurse, and there carried forward as best she could without the backing and authority which he enjoyed as Governor, the noble work begun by her husb.and and which resulted in mak- ing her a widow. It is doubtful whether if lie had lived, he could have accomplished more for our soldiers and soldiers' widows and orphans, than stands credited to his indomitable and self-sacrific- ing consort. Several attempts have been made to induce the State to erect a suitable public monument to the memor}' of Gov. Harvey, which, though apparentl3- sustained b}' public sentiment, always resulted in failure. He certainly lost his life for his country, and while performing a duty not required or ex- pected of Governors. Besides being a man of good ability and educa- tion. Gov. Harvey was large-hearted and philan- thropic in an eminent degree. He was a priictica.1. generous Christian, ever eager to right any wrong he might have done and to help the poor, the weak, and tliesuffermg. He was truly a good man. C^P^^^^^n^ iT^^^^^UT^^^^t.^r'^L^ GOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. ISCONSIN never had but one naturalized German in the gubernatorial chair —Edward Salomon — and le was in every respect a credit to his native, as well as his adopted, country. lie was born in 1828, near the city of Hal- berstadt, in Prussia, where his father was a'prominent civil and militarj' official. He was educated in the Lutheran faith in his native city and afterward was a stu- dent in the University of Berlin. Having more than the average share of enterprise and ambition, young Salomon emigrated to America in 1849, settling at Manitowoc, Wis. Here he jumped into instant favor, being hand- some, polished, and of courtly but pleasant man- ners. In 1852, after serving as school teacher. County Surveyor and Deputy Clerk of the Court, which offices came to him about as rapidly as possible, he moved to Milwaukee for the purpose of studying Jaw, having already become, by the closest applica- tion, a fluent and correct writer and speaker of the English language. In 1855 he was admitted to tlie bfir after a thorough examination by the Justices uf tiie Supreme Court .nml at once formed a ]inrt- nership with Wiiilicld Smith, which continued until Mr. Salomon removed to New York City in No- vember, 1869. In Milwaukee he soon became by his personal qualities as popular as he Jiad been at Manitowoc and by conscientious and tiiorough study earned also the reputation of being a sound and accurate lawyer. On arriving in America Mr. Salomon quite nat- urally espoused the cause of the Democratic party, but during Buchanan's time was "estranged by the palpable truckling of its leaders to the slave power," and in 1860 openly declared his conver- sion to Republican principles. In 1861 he was nominated for Lieutenant-Governor on the ticket with Louis P. Harvej', and was elected by a larger majority than had up to that time been given to any gubernatorial candidate on either ticket. He served with dignity and fairness as President of the Senate, and on April 19, 1862, owing to the death by drowning of Gov. Harvey, was called to exercise the functions of chief executive. His comparative youth, and supposed unfamiliarity with political matters, caused some apprehensions to many of his own party, but these were allayed within a verj' short time after he assumed the chair. He remained Governor until Januarj', 1864, and it is certain that during his time the labors of th.at office were continuously more arduous tlinn they ever were before or have been since. The duties '- 150 EDWARD SALOMON. carr3ing out within tliis State the war raeasures of the national government, of organizing tlie regi- ments furnished by tiie State during that time, and of the selection of oflicere, of overseeing their equipment and maintenance, which were afterward transferred to federal oflicers, devolved during the time largely upon the Governor. His zeal was un- tiring, and his industry unceasing. For months in succession he was found in tlie executive otiice at Madison at all hours, from eight in the morning until twelve at night; and no labor was deemed by him too arduous, no fatigue too great to be borne, if it seemed likely to insure suc- cess in the great work which he took upon himself. His activity necessarily brought upon him the hos- tility of many of the opposite party, and espec- ially of those individuals upon whom the war seemed to impose special hardships. The vigorous measures by which he ])romptly subdued the insurrection against the draft in Ozau- kee and Washington counties were the occasion of much praise, and upon the other hand of the bit- terest censure. Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War, issued in 1862, what was then known as the "stay-at-home order." It prohibited citizens liable to military service from leaving for Canada, or any foreign country. This order was particularly obnox- ious to a certain large class of naturalized citizens who proposed to. and did in considerable numbers return to their native lands to escape the draft_ Gov. Siilomon having been born abroad, these peo- ple were very angry because he took sucli a decided stand in enforcing the terms of Stanton's obnox- ious order. He caused a number of people who were arrested for participating in the riotous pro- ceedings to be brought to Madison, and there con- fined in camp prison for some weeks, until, partly by tlie intervention of writs of habeas corpus, and partly b)' the voluntary act of the Governor un- der authority of the general government, they were discharged. This prompt and energetic action was the means of allaying all future dangers of resist- ance to the draft, although it made for the Gover- nor almost as many enemies as new friends. Gov. Salomon's official acts are i)art of the history of the State, but among them may he named the calling of an extra session of the Legislature in the year 1862, for the purpose of conferring the right upon the soldiers to take part in the elections. which right was duly conferred; and for the pur- pose of empowering the municipalities of the St.nte to raise money for the payment of bounties to vol- unteers. During his term of office a verj- large pro- portion of the troops who saw active service in the field were sent from the State, and each regiment and each companj- carried into the field the evi- dences of the conscientious care and the e.arnest forethought of Gov. Salomon. He visited the army in order to see with his own ej'es how the boj's fared in the field, and was a great favorite among the AVisconsin troops wherever he met them. He spared no pains to contribute to their welfare, and among the old veterans there will always exist the warmest remembrance of Edwai-d Salomon. Gov. Salomon was warmly uiged bj^ his friends to be a candidate for the nomination of Governor in tlie fall of 1 86.3. but declined persistently, until at the request of his friends in the army, who made it a point of duty with him. he reluctantly consented, but so late in the campaign that James T. Lewis, then Secretary of State, had become conspicuous as a candidate. Gov. S.ilomon. being prompted by his first position from making efforts for his own success, failed of the nomination, though by a iiar- roiv margin. In 1868 Mr. Salomon's friends brought him for- ward as a candidate for United States Senator to succeed James. R. Doolittle. The campUign was in many respects a memorable one, and resulted in the election of Matt. H. Carpenter, a resident also of Milwaukee. Having received at about this time flattering offers to locate in New York City, Mr. Salomon concluded to accept and has since made that city his home and the seat of his professional labors. His practice is very large and profitable, and generally of a pleasant though important and responsible n.ature. He has been for some time, for inst.ince, the agent of the German Empire, a position frequently requiring his personal advice presence in Europe. He also takes an active part in national politics, more, however, as an inde- pendent and reformer than as a strict adherent to any party, and in tiiese iwsitions wields a large in- fluence. L/ tOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. HOUGH quiet and unassum- ing in both m&nneis and method, Mr. Lewis has en- Aj) j_©/^X®3- /< ioyed an iinusually long; list ■ - of honors in his adopted State. He was born at Claren- don, N. Y., Oct. 30, 1819, his father being of New England and his mother of Scotch par- rents. He thus inherited pa- tience, economj', energy and integrity. After receiving a com- mon-school education, James was sent first sent to Clarkson Acad- ' em}- and then to Clinton Seminary, iu which he pursued the English classical course of study. Fond from boyhood of military tactics, he early joined the State Militia, and was an active and enthusiastic soldier. In 18.38 he was made Sergeant, and in 1840 Lieutenant of the 21.5th Regiment. Having to relv upon his own resources, he taught school in Western New York in 1840-41-42, and thus earned and saved money enough to enable him to pursue the study of law, which he began in 1842 in the office of Gov. Henry R, Selden, at Clarkson. After completing his studies and secur- ing admission to tlie bar, he started for the West, without money or law books, and settled at Colum- bus, Wis., where he has since continuously resided, in 184,5. Here he was admitted to the bar of the United States District and Territorial Courts, and began at once the practice of his profession. Before the end of a year he was married and elected to his first public office. From that time his pro- motion in public favor was steady, being chosen successively, District Attorney, County Judge, member of the Constitutional Convention of 1847, Court Commissioner, Colonel of the 14th Regiment, Brigadier-General of the Wisconsin State Militia, member of Assembly, State Senator, memlier of the Court of Impeachment that tried Judge Levi Hub- bell. Lieutenant-Governor (serving as Governor during 1855, in the absence of the Governor), Sec- retary of State, Regent of the State University, and Governor. While Secretary of State he acted as Governor during the extra session of the Legis- lature in 1862, that officer being ex-officio Governor in the event of death or absence of both Gover- nor and Lieutenant Governor. As Secretar}' of State, it was said of Mr. Lewis: "He was prompt, methodical and systematic in in all the departments of his office, — a true man in every sense of tiie word, — kind and gentle- manly in his deportment and possessing great executive ability." At the election when he was a candidate for Secretary, he received every vote cast in the city of Columbus, his home, and in 164 JAMES TAYLOR LEWIS. 18G3 was chosen Governor by a larger majority than had ever been given for any other candidate, —23.664. Wisconsin never had a more conscientious and self-sacrificing executive. Tt was literally- true that whatever he possessed of time, talent, energy and means, w.as devoted to the welfare of the public. He secured .an order ijerraitting the transfer of all sick and wounded Wisconsin soldiers to hospitals within the State, and put forth great efforts to es- tablish more and better hospitals, and to care for soldiers' orphans and widows. "By personal ef- forts he obtained credit from the Government for soldiers furnished and reduced the quota at one time by 4,000 men, and was especially successful in securing the claims of the State .against the Govern- ment, amounting in all to more than a half-million dollars. In ISGo, byhis wise administration, the State tax was reduced by several hundred thousand dollars, .and during his entire incumbency he did not use one doll.ar of the military contingent fund. At his request the Legislature declined to vote the usual appropriation of $5,000 as a general contin- gent fund for the use of the executive." In 1865 Mr. Lewis declined a re-nomination, whereupon the Union - Republican Convention passed the following resolution: "Resolved, That by his continued adherence to the purpose publicly avowed by him on the day of his inauguration, not to be a candidate for re- electicm, there is left us no other mode of mani- festing our sentiment toward the present chief magistrate of the State, Hon. James T. Lewis, than by giving expression to our cordial approbation of his administration of the executive ollice. In the disch.arge of his official duties, he has shown a fidel- ity, zeal, economy, and untiring watchfulness in protecting the interests of the Stale, which are recog- nized and api)reciated by an intelligent i)eople; and in the voluntary retirement from public life which he seeks, he will be followed by their sincere re- spect and wnrni gUAjet^o^z>i4y\jfoC._ GOVEUNUKS OF WISCONSIN. 5IIE ninth Governor of Wis- consin, Gen. Fairchild, was born on Dec. 27, 1831, at Franklin Mills, now Kent, Ohio, where his father, J. C. Fairchild, of English descent and more than or- dinary natural gifts, lived in his own house, owned and managed the one store of the village, and a tannerj'; and, being also a Jus- tice of the Peace, was generally known as the "Squire." The mother, Sally Blair, a j' o u n g ^1^^;!^ woman of fine physique, of un- p'J/^p^^ mixed Scotch-Irish ancestrj- , tem- pered by three generations in the ioniantic hills of Western Massachusetts, Iiad great executive ability, a far-reaching hospitality, and quick, keen, good sense. Witii a view to the better education of their children, the family removed to Cleveland, where the boys had the unique promise from their father of a gold watcli each, when they sliould have committed to memory the dictionary' Needless to say the watches were never received, though there is a tradition that the book was con- quered as far as the D words. Having suffered greatly from the financial crisis of 1837, the father, now known bj' rank in the militia as Col. Fairchild, removed with his family, in 1846, to Madison, then a small village whose singu- lar beauty had captured him while merelj' passing through the Territory. In Wisconsin the educa- tion of the sons, begun in Cleveland, and aided by a year at a boarding school near that city, was sup- plemented by a j-ear at Carroll College. But the impatient spirit of Lucius was not of those who take their knowledge at second hand from books. He must wring it by personal experience from the world; and so, in 1849, at seventeen years of age, he started, with a saddle horse and as many luxu- ries as could be crowded into a "prairie schooner," for California. This was education indeed, and he was of the few who returned after six years with a creditable "pile" of gold, and with mental, moral and physical powers unimpaired. The firing on Ft. Sumter found the young man occupied as Clerk of the District Court of Dane County, in the performance of which duties he be- came sufficiently learned in the law to be admitted to the bar. His leisure was given to the enjoy- ment of "society," with a zest born of California deprivation; nevertheless, he responded instantly to Lincoln's call for troops, by offering his services LFCirS FAIRCHILD. as a ijrivato. In gratitude for the moral effect of tliis prompt action, Gov. Randall offered to him tiie Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the 1st Regiment. His knowledge of niilitarj' matters being only that gained by belonging to the "Oovernor's Guard," he felt himself insufficiently equipiied for assum- ing a position so responsible. lie was elected Captain of Company K, in the 1st Regiment, how- ever, and from that his i)roraotion was rapid. Ilis Colonel, a graduate of West Point, knew how things should be done, and took the profes- sional view that it was a Lieutenant-Colonel's place to do tiiem. The 3'oung officer eagerly availed him- self of so exceptional an opportunity to become familiar with the best militarj^ methods, and wrote home to his mother: " 'The Army Regulations' are my Bible and the 'Tactics' my Prayer Book, which I study night and day." At Gainesville, Col. O'Connor was killed and Col. Fairchild assumed full command of the 2d Wisconsin. The vicissitudes and heroic deeds of the Iron Brigade are familiar to all, and in these are included the history of Gen. Fairchild's military career. The battle of Gettysl)urg reduced the 2d Regiment to a handful of men.wiiose field officers were all either killed or seriously wounded, and Col. Fairchild was carried home minus an arm. Here followed a painful crisis in his life. Dur- ing this period of enforced inactivitj', he found that the political party with which he had from 5'outh been identified, was lukewarm to the cause which had become to him the dearest in the world. Convinced that, while physically incapacitated to be in the field, he could fight as effectively under the same banner by throwing his influence with those who were making a civil struggle to push the war to a successful conclusion, he agreed to permit his name to go on the rnion-Republican ticket for the office of Secretary of State. In order to do this he was compelled to give up his hard-earned rank in the army — Brigadier-General of Volunteers for gallantry at Gettysburg, and Captain in the IGth Regular Infantry, an honor awarded after Bull Run. This last being for life, would, in the regular order of promotion, have made him a Coloneronly a few years later; yet he resigned them all. left the Democratic party, joined the Union-Republicans, and was elected Secretary of State on tlieir ticket. One term as Secretary of State, three terms as Governor — eight years in all — positions given each time by the spontaneous will of the people, leave his civil .is unstained as his military record. Devoted to the agricultural and educational inter- terests of the St.ate, eager in the promotion of the welfare of all classes, he gave unremittingly the very best of himself to his work. Of matters con- connected with the State University, his ex-officio position of regent gave an opportunity to speak with no uncertain sound, and this munificent provision of the General Government became thenceforward more and more an object of pride and fostering care to the State. In .Ianuar3-, 1872, he retired to private life, onl3- to be called ui>on in October, by President (irant, to go as Consul at Liverpool. That this very re- sponsible position w.os b}' him filled acceptably, if the universal record. Its duties arc largely judi- cial — settling questions between captains and sea- men, etc., and for this he was fortunately prepared by some previous knowledge of admiraltj- law. At the end of five useful and plejisant years he prepared to return to his native land — indeed had sent his household goods before him — when, to his surprise, he received a commission as Consul Gen- eral at Paris, where he again had a successful and honorable career. Once again, when he had de cided to resign and return home, he was called hy President H.aj-es to succeed James Russell Lowell, as Minister at the Spanish Court. This opened a new and delightful field of work and observation, hut at the end of two more j-ears he felt that he would no longer keep his children in exile, and peremptorily resigned. On his return to Wisconsin, in March, 1882, he w.is welcomed by all parties and classes with au ovation (5f the most enthusiastic description. Since that date, while still in the full vigor of manhood, his life has been essentially that of a private citizen. Much of his time is given for the benefit of the disal)led and i)oor comrades of the Union Arn\v. In Feb- ruary, 1886, he was elected Commander of the Wisconsin department, and, in August of the same year. Commander in Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic. To the discharge of the duties of these offices his whole time w.as given during neiirly two years. He is public-S|)irited and read}' to throw him- self into every effort, small or great, toward advance- ment; and free from the cares of public life, he finds leisure for many of the public services which belong to the private citizen, lie retains his in- tense interest in all the political questions of the d.ay, and in election campaigns works from Maine to Texas, at his own private expense, and with greater effect because he has no personal interest at stake. He lives in the home built by his father forty years ago on the banks of Lake Monona, and there dispenses hos|)itality and makes a bright centre of cheerfulness, which spreads blessings to a wide circle. He has a charming and accomplished wife, dutiful and affectionate children, an;' the wisdom to know when he is happy. ^^;::^/^a:^^^i-^^^£c^^r^ GOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. -i-^f=$5«^4^-i- OV. WASIIBUKN was alto- gether too large a man to be sketched in a hasty man- ner, or within a limited , space. It would require a great deal of careful study g... ,-^, • ^ S^t Jiis true measure. He lW|l2wt ^^s one of a long line of able, sub- •^^^^O" stautial and successful men. John *^'P^^ "Washburn, Secretary of Pl3-mouth £^J^<^>, Colony, in England, settled at Dux- i^^W^^ bury, Mass., in 1631, and became wealthy and prominent. Israel Wash- burn, the next in line, became a Captain in the Revolution, a mem- ber of the General Court, and sat in the con- vention which ratified the Constitution of the United States. Israel Washburn, Jr., father of Gov. Washburn, born at Eaj-nham, Mass., in 1784, was equally prominent, and lived until 1876, and to see his large family of sons more successful in private and public life than any other of equal number in the Union. The mother of Gov. AYashburn was a descendant of John Benjamin, who settled in jMasachussetts in 1 632, and was one of the proprietors of Cambridge. Her ancestors served the Colonies and the infant Union with no less zeal and distinction than those of her husband. So there was good stuff in Gov. Washburn, who was born at Livermore, Maine, on April 22, 1818, where his father owned a farm and general store. One who knew him in youth says: "He was a quiet, broad-shouldered boy, never in trouble, and liked bj' ever3'body — observing, studious and persistent." He lived at home until 1835, working on the farm and attending the town school. In 1835 he entered a store at Hallowell, then a cultured and thrifty town, where he enjoyed unusual social and business opportunities. During ■the winter of 1838-39 he taught the chief school at Wiscasset, and with the mone}' thus earned set out early in the spring of 1839 for the Territory of Iowa. His first stopping place was in the village of Davenport, where he taught a private school for tliree months. On the day following the close of school he took a position with David D.ile Owen, on the Iowa Geological Survey, which Congress had just ordered to be made. In the winter of 1839-40 young Washburn went to Rock Island, 111., and began the study of law with a former friend in Maine, Joseph B. AVells. At the election of 1840 he supported Gen. Harri- son, and was himself elected to the office of Sur- veyor of Rock Island County. In March, 18 12, at the age of twenty-four j'ears, ]\Ir. Washburn estab- lished his residence in Mineral Point, Wis., was admitted to the bar of the United States District Court,'" and began the practice of his profession. Mineral Point was then a thriving mining town, and Mr. Washburn by close and careful attention to whatever was entrusted to him, honesty and general trustworthy methods, soon grew into a large and profitable practice. In 1844 he entered into partnership with Cyrus Woodman, for some years agent of the New England Land Company. Gradually the lirra of Washburn & Woodman, having now an abundance of capital, abandoned the CADWALADER COLDOON WASHBURN. practice of law, and gave attention exchisivel3' to entering, purchasing and selling land, perfecting titles, locating Mexican land warrants, and trans- acting a general financial and land business. In''l852, on tiie invitation of Gov. Farwell and Justice Harlow S. Orton, Mr. AVa^^lilnirn went to Madison to assist in framing a general banking law, under wliicli, when enacted, his firm opened tlie Mineral Point Bank. This institution stood the test of all financial reverses, never suspended specie payment, and when finally its affairs were wound up. paid every dollar of liability in gold and silver. In March, 18.").5, Mr. Woodman retired from the firm, leaving its immense affairs to ha managed en- tirely by Mr. AVashburn. who had, at the previous November election, entirely without solicitation and against his will, been elected to Congress by the Republicans, then just organized. On taking his scat he met his brothers, Israel from Maine, and Elihu B. from Illinois, botiiof wliomhad been first elected to Congress, like himself, at the age of tiiirty-six years; and during the ensuing six years these three strong brothers, from three different States, occupied seats together, and impressed tiieir united strength upon tlie legislation of the country. In 18(51 the committee of thirty-three on tlie state of the Union, of which Gov. Washburn was a member, reported an amendment to the Constitu- tion, making slavery perpetual. Ho joined with Mr. Tappnn, of A'ernioiit, in a minority rci)ort against tlie proiioscd amendment, and against any con- cessions wliatever of liberty to slavery, or in favor of secession. Addressing the House on that sub- ject he closed witli tiiese prophetic words : '•Sir, I liave no special dread in regard to the future of this Republic. Whatever may come I have an abiding faith in a kind Providence that lias ever watched over us, that passing events will be overruled for good, and for the welfare of mankind in this and other lands. If this Union must be dis- solved, whether by peaceable secession, or through fire, and blood, and civil war, we shall have the consolation of knowing that ^^■hel^ the conflict is oner, those who survive it icill be, what they never haoe been, inhabitants oj a free countryl" In March, 18(n. «iov. Washburn removed to La Crosse, but liad hardly settled down to attention to his enormous private interests before he saw f.iat the cause of the Union demanded all the men and means at the command of the North. He therefore raised the second regiment of cavalry, was commissioned Colonel, and reported for duty on Oct. 10, 18G1. It is impossible to follow here his military operations in detail. He became a ]\Iajor General on Nov. 29, 1862, and until he re- signed, in May, 1865, was an active, daring and successful commander. One of his notable feate was reducing, with an inferior force, the bomb- proof works at Esperenza, Texas, and historical works on the war declare him to have been one of the very best district commanders in the army. Like Grant, he never turned back, and never for a moment lost faitli in the ultimate triumph of the Union Army. In 1866 Mr. Washburn was again elected to Con- gress, and re-elected in 1868. During these terms he gave earnest attention to the postal, transporta- tion and teleirraph service, recommending Govern- ment controfand ownership of the telegraph as a means of transmitting information, as proper and essential as any form then in use. At the close of his last terra in Congress, in 1871, the Republicans •nought him forward as a candidate for Governor, and le was elected over .lames R. Doolittle by 10.000 majoritv. His administration was quiet, able and economical, and very useful to the people of the State. In 1873 he was re-nominated, but the high-tide of Grangerism, general dissatisfaction with i-ailway charges, and hard times, conspired to his defeat by William R. Taylor. This ended Gov. Washburn's oflicial career, though, in 1875, as he had been in 1861 and 1869, he was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate. While gen- erally a man's public career more than anything else attracts public attention, it was in private^ life and business that the great qualities of Gov. Wash- burn were most conspicuously exhibited. He was one of the earliest purch:users of pine lands, and held them when others were selling similar posse.ssions for a song. He was no speculator, but made sev- eral million dollars in the manufacture of lumber and Hour. After the destruction, in 1878, of his great mill at Minneapolis, where he was one of the early and [irincipal owners of the St. Anthony's Falls Water Power, he went to Europe for the pur- pose of studying the various processes of making fiour. As a result he was the first to introduce into America the Hungarian roller system, and what is known as the patent process of producing flour, and made his new mill the largest and best m the world. Gov. Washburn's charities were nobly and mod- estly bestowed— Washburn Observatory to the Wisconsin State Iniversity, at Madison; People's Library, in La Crosse; Minneapolis Orphan's Asy- lum, in memory of his mother; his beautiful home and grounds, at Edgwood, near i\Iadison, to the Catholic Sisters, the State having refused to accept it for public purposes, and numerous lesser gifts. He died of paralysis, superinduced liy a complication of diseases, at Eureka Springs, Ark., on ^May It, 1882, aged sixty-four years. ^%s- /^' GOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. '^HAKRISON LUDimT '^ iF THE eighteen men who have served Wisconsin in the ca- pacit}' of chief executive, only one ever received from C'^"\''^^^^^^y!^ the public a sobriquet that *°^^llt ci*^ '^"'^ became popular and perraa- t'^illv-^ nent. From his hearty and straight- forward manner of expression and action, Mr. Ludington earned the title of "Bluff Hal," and in local campaigns in Milwaukee was known to the masses hj no other name. He was born in Putnam County, N. Y., on July 31, 1812, and has therefore reached a greater age th.an any other governor save Gov. Dodge, who was almost eightj-- five at the time of his death. His early life was devoted to severe manual labor, relieved by a few- '• winter" terms in the district school — all the edu- cational advantages he was ever permitted to enjoy. At the age of twenty -six years he started, on foot and h^- stage, for the West, and became a perma- nent settler of Milwaukee in November, 1838. Thus the people of the Cream City have had ample time to take the measure of Mr. Ludington, as he has been active and prominent among them during more than half a century. On settling in Milwaukee, he at once entered upon the business of general mercliandising in Ihe "Juneau Warehouse," with his brother Lewis, un- der the llini name of Ludington & Co., at the cor- ner of East Water and Wisconsin streets. On this corner stands the Ludington Block, to mark the spot where he began his successful and honorable commercial career in the West. In 1851 Mr. Ludington entered as senior mem- ber into the firm of Ludington, Wells & Van Schaick, which concern, in the manufacture of lum- ber, soon became one of the most prosperous, as it was among the largest, producers in the Northwest. It is said that during the entire period of his long mercantile and manufacturing career he never knew what it was to be embarrassed in business. In politics he was in early life a Whig, but be- came a Republican in 1854 — as soon as there was even a skeleton of the Republican party to which he could attach himself. His chief interest in po- litical matters consisted in choosing good men for office; yet he was twice elected Alderman and thrice Mayor of Milwaukee, which was in those da3'S — 1871-2-3-4 — supposed to be a safe Demo- ocratic citj'. Mr. Ludington proved to be an exceptionally good Mayor, his great business and executive abil- it3' enabling him to manage the public as he had his own finances — with intelligence, economy and success. He was ever a man of deeds, and his public and private life is known and made up of what he has done, not what he has said. " The executive capacity attributed to Gov. Ludington can hardly be better illustrated than by a reference to liis prompt and benevolent action, HARRISON LrDINGTON. while Ma^or, in rendering aid to Chicago during the ' great fire,' and to the wonderful energj- as well as generous spirit displayed in collecting and forward- ing relief to the suffering people of tlie stricken city. 15y means of his prompt and energetic action the peojile of Milwaukee were not onl}^ enabled to fiirnisli valuable aid in subjugating the flames, but were also permitted to send successive car-loads of clothing and provisions to the flying population be- fore the full extent of the awful calamity had been realized." This signal action brought to him a special ac- acknowledgment of tluuiks and gratitude by the authorities of Chicago, and a com2)limentary reso- lution by the Common Council of Milwaukee. In 1873 Wisconsin underwent a marked political upheaval. Wm. R. Taylor, Democrat, was at that time elected by more than 1.0,000 majority, so that in 1875 the Republicans were anxi(jus to place their strongest man in nomination and attempt to regain control of the State. AVith that object in view, solely, the convention met at Madison and con- cludei.itnro, as follows: " It maj'not be considered un- becoming for me to express some doubt as to the wisdom of the jjrovision of the constitution, which makes it tlie duty of the incoming Governor to communicate to the Legislature the condition of the Stale, and recommend such matters to them for their consideration as he may deem expedient. It would apiiear that such information and recom- mendation might more properly come from the citizen who had administered the afifairs of the Stale during the pjist year, than from one who -aS just been called from other occupations to that duty." So quietly and smoothly did he manage the affairs of Wisconsin that the people never became full}' aware of the great executive abilit}' of Gov. I.udington. In some respects he had no equal, and all public afifairs, large and small, were conducted on strict business principles. In handling and com- prehending masses of figures — financial reports or election statistics — no one in the capilol could match him; and he frequently found delight and pride in showing the clerks how to add long col- umns of figures swiftly and without an error. The most perplexing and annoying matters that engage the attention of a governor are the " par- don cases." These are numerous, and sometimes sad by reason of surrounding circumstances, and appeal so strongly to the heart .as to endanger an unbiased judgment and the pro[ier administration of justice. In these cases, with their adjuncts of the appeals, jjrayers and tears of relatives and the trickery of paid advocates, Gov. Ludington would sit with extreme patience for hours and listen, but not utter a w-ord. Almost invariablj-, at the con- clusion of the argument, he was prepared with a final decision, and gave it there and then, thus end- ing all suspense. And those familiar with these matters declare that he was always riglit — subse- quent investigations disclosing no reason for a reversal of judgment. One of the secrets of his success was absolute freedom from worrying — ability to '" shed trouble" as a duck's b.ack sheds water. Frequently, indeed generally, in five minutes after deciiling a case that h.ad occupied several hours with testimony, argu- ments and personal appeals, he would be found on the sofa in the executive chamber, taking what he called " a snooze." Thus, having decided a matter, he put it instantly behind him — devoted no time to wondering whether he had committed an error, whether he would ever regret it, or to other i)robable consequences. It w.as with him as with Pilate — " What I have written, I have written." There is another fact that exemplifies Jlr. Lud- ington's perfect business instinct, as well as his capacity for details. Once every week, as long as he was Governor, he went carefully through .all the books and records of tlie executive office. The executive clerks were the same as thej- had been, and as they are now — capable and experienced, and enjoying his confidence; but he must know of his own person.al knowledge that the public business, and all of it, was being promptly and properly done. Though a man, generally, of few words. Gov. Ludington is a most genial companion, and in all matters, public and jirivate, broad-gauge, kind and large-hearted. He rarely gets out of temper, and never loses his head. In business he is a safe coun- sellor; in social life a generous, true and unswerv- ing friend, and eveiywhere a sturdily honest man. (y-^T/q.^'L/^ OOVKT?KOT?c: OF AVISCONSIN. William E. Smith, ■^-?§§l-€- ©Mpi !E is a mau dislinguished as much for being always the same even-tempered, genial, kindly and cour- teous gentleman, as for 5 his real ability and ster- ling worth. To him also belongs the unusual honor of being the only citizen of foreign birth who was ever elected to be chief executive of Wisconsin ; not only so, but he received a greater majority than was ever cast for an}^ other candi- date for that office. He was born on June 18, 18'24, near Inverness, in the North of >Scotland, where his father was a well-educated and prosperous gentleman. His mother's family name is Grant. In 1835 the family came to America, and settled at Commerce, Oakland Co. — "County of Lakes" — Mich. His brothers having chosen professions, William, after some further education in this country, early decided to adopt a mercantile life, and after an experience of a few years in Michigan in this direction, went to New York City and entered the great — at least great for those days — wholesale dry-goods house of Ira Smith & Co., for a period of five years. In 1849. at the age of twenty-five \'ears, he came to Wisconsin, first settling in Racine County, but a little later moved to Fox Lake, Dodge County, and established himself in the mercantile business, which he followed at this place for twenty- three years. In 1850 he married Mary, daughter of the famous Rev. John Booth, of Michigan, ; nd returned to Fox Lake, whereupon he was elected to the Stiite Assembly. In the following year he was nominated for Assemblyman but declined to run, and kept out of politics until 1857-58, when he served as a member of the State Senate. Dur- ing the same year he was appointed Regent of the State Normal Schools, by Gov. Randall, and held the position uninterruptedly until he himself be- came Governor, a period of twentj' years. In 1864-65 Mr. Smith again served as State Sen- ator, but in 1865, before his term had fully ex- pired, was elected State Treasurer on the ticket headed by Lucius Fairchild for Governor, and was re-elected in 1867. In this office Mr. Smith added largely to his already substantial reputation, by the exceedingly careful and thrifty manner in which he handled the uninvested "trust funds" of the State. The public did not seem to care to give to Mr. Smith much time for attention to his private business, for in November, 1870, he was elected to the Legislature, and in January-, 1871, chosen Speaker of the Assembly. This position, about which apparently the people generally seem to know or care but little, is one in which a public man m.ay, and very likely will, either "make or break" him- self. It is one in which quick, sure and fair judg- ment, patient and courteous conduct, accurate measurement of men, ability to detect tricks and subterfuges, and firmness to do right independent WILLIAM E. SMITH. of scores of conflicting interests ami contendinir fac- tions are absolutely essential to success. Mr. Smitli was more than successful; he largely widened the circle and increased the strength of his friendships. In 1872 he removed to Milwaukee, and formed a co-partnership with Judson A. Roundy and Sidney llauxhurst. under the firm name of Smith. Roundy 6z Co., and engaged in the wholesale grocery trade. In 1874 he was appointed a Director of the Wis- consin State Prison, by (iov. Taylor, and held the |)Osition, to which he gave a great deal of time and thought, until his election as Governor compelled him to resign. In 1877 Mr. Smith received the Republican nomination for Governor. At tliis time the "fiat" money party, styling themselves Greenbackers. were very numerous and very talkative. They nominated a wealthy manufacturer, named Edward r. Allis, as their candidate for Governor, and went up and down the country appealing to those who were in debt, and especially to those who were so jK)or they could'ntget into debt, "to vote for clieap money;" -vote for an incre:\se in the volume of the currency;" '-vote to dethrone the baron bondhold- ers ;" "vote to remove the mortgages from jour farms 1 " There was a very large number, as the elec- tion proved, whose voles were to be caught with bait of this kind,and as ilie Democrats had nominated a strong, old-fashioned meml)er of their party in the person of Judge James A. Mallory, Mr. Smith's campaign was one of numerous hardships and per- plexeties. The msisses, not fully enlightened in the l)roblcms of a sound jjublic finance, and suffering f rf)m a general depression in business, were more likely to be aroused by appeals to passion and prejudice, and to some extent having been so aroused, were more cosily' led by the seductive sophistry of "cheap money," "cheap interest." and "no mortgages." But he adopted as his platform, instead of "the rather uncertain party platform conjured up by. the convention by which he was nominated, an ad the country, whose public and private sayings and do- ings and whose rugged personality, are familiar to all. He was born in Morgan County, Ohio, on June 17, 1830, in a section, and surrounded by circumstances that rendered the attainment of a liberal education wholly impossible. "The nutrition of his early jfouth," says one writer, "was drawn direct from nature's sources of sup- pl^' — from the earth, the air, and the sun-shine. He obtained his sturdy strength from contact with the soil; he was hardened by the summer's heat, and tlie cold of winter. Plain food, active outdoor exer- cise, the absence of care, constant association witli tlie free and benignant influences of nature, all united to construct for him a sound body— the foundation of cheerfulness, patient endurance, hopefulness, the ability to labor untiringly, perse- verance, and, in fine, all the essential qualities of success in life." At the age of fourteen he lost his father and was thus compelled to put forth extra exertions to help support his mother and two sisters. For this pur- (lose at the age of fifteen, he engaged to drive a four-horse stage between Zanesville and Newark, and became an expert in horsemanship, an accom- plishment still unimpaired, of which he was always proud. In order to earn money with which to pay the taxes (Hi his mother's farm he learned the cooper's Uade, and it is said thp.t he can still set up a "tight" or "loose" barrel as well and quickly as ever. At the age of nineteen he w-as married, and in 18.t3, settled on a farm in Vernon County, Wis., wliich he still owns and calls his home. In this new but rapidly settling country his shrewd- ness, good sense and natural aptitude for leader- ship at once placed him at the head of local im- provements and public affairs. Early in 1855, the county officers were in search of a horse thief. "Jerry," without knowing him Lo be such, had seen the outlaw — given him his breakfast in fact. He believed the officers were be- ing successfully eluded by the thief, so mounted a horse and started in pursuit "on his own hook.' After a long ride over an exceedingly rough and hillj^ country, he overtook the thief, and though unarmed, effected a capture after a severe per- sonal struggle, and returned unaided with horse, carriage and desperado, and his own horse. For this feat the people made him sheriff at the ensuing September election, and he proved to be one of the best officers that ever served in that capacitj'. In November, 1861, he was elected to the Legis- lature, in which he was particularly active and in- fluential in furthering war measures of every kind. At the close of the session "Jerry" turned his at- tention to the war with all the vigor of his power- ful and enthusiastic nature and was soon commis- sioned Major of the 25th Regiment. He had been at the front but a short time when he was pro- moted to the Colonelcy and served as such with Gen. Sherman from Vicksburg to the close of the Rebel- lion, and was breveted Brigadier-General for brav- ery at the Battle of Salkehatchie. From the first Gen. Rusk was a daring and in- ITS JEREMIAH McLAIN RUSK. trepid soldier aiui a model oHicer, liaving ilie con- fidence of his men, and iiis superiors. He never ordered the boys to go, but alwajs led the van and bade them "come on." He was cool, fearless and determined, but cheerful and hopeful, and from the the first declared he would not leave the service until the last rebel had laid down his arms. When McPherson fell, Rusk's command was at the front, and he lost one-third of his men. During the battle he was once cut off from his command and sur- rounded by Confederate soldiers armed with saber- bayonets. His own sword was snatched away and he was ordered to surrender, but drawing a pistol he used it with such deadly effect that he was enabled to break through his assailants and escaped with only a slight wound in the leg and the loss of sword and horse — the animal being literally rid- dled with bullets. In regaining his lines. Rusk's progress was particularly barred by a Confederate with a lowered ba^'onet; but the soldier was killed by a shot from the colonel's pistol, and then the wny was clear. In 1 8(56, Rusk was elected Bank Comptroller, and held theoflice four years during the trying time of bank re-organization, at the end of which service he was elected to the 42d, 43d, and 44th Congresses. In Congress he conceived and promoted some of the most important pension laws on the statute books, and was otherwise an active and useful mem- ber. In 18«1, he was appointed by Garfield and con- firmed as United States Jlinisler to Paraguay, which office w:is declined as was also that of Minister to Denmark and other important tenders. At this time Charles Foster, Governor of Ohio, was in ^\'ashington. He began to badger Rutk aljout office -getting, and thus taunted him: "Now if you had any standing at home, such as I have, 3'ou could go back to Wisconsin and be elected Gov- ernor." "I can do that," exclaimed Rusk, -'and I will, or I'll come back to Washington and play Lad^- Godiva the whole length of reunsylvania avenue." He started immediately for Wisconsin, and thougli there were several candidates already in the field, was nominated for governor by the Republicans a few weeks later and duly elected in November. He did not have to play Lady Godiva through the main thoroughfare of Washington. In 1884 he was re-elected, and again in 1886, serving seven years — longer than any other rran — as Governor, the Legislature having extended the second term one year, in order to make all lines of office to begin with the even numbered years. The ability, popularity, and usefulness o" Go ' Rusk's administration are the common property o the people of the State, and need no mention for the present generation. He accomplished more for the agricultural interests of the State than had ever been undertaken. Amongst the genera' ridicule of that time he manfully stood bj' Magnus Swenson's experiments with amber cane syrup, out of which grew more valuable knowledge and ma- cliinery for sugar-making than we had hitherto possessed. Had it not been for the firm and liberal backing of Gov. Rusk, it is more than likely that we should not have had the splendid process which has built up the great amber cane syrup industry of the southwest and made it so profitable, for Swenson was poor, friendless and unknown. During his administration farmers' institutes were inaugurated, the experimental station made effective and useful; the bureau of labor and indus- trial statistics established; the office of State veter- inary surgeon created with power to control, and condemn diseased horses and cattle and preserve the gener.al health of domestic animals; a State pension agent appointed; the State militia brought to a perfection and effectiveness hardly equaled by any other Slate; the north and south wings of the capitol, the State school for dependent childron at Sparta, and Science Hall of the State University, were erected, and the old war claims against the general Government settled and collected. In 1888, he received the vote of the Wisconsin delegation in the Republican National Convention as a candidate for President, and on the 4th of March, 188it, wasciilled into the cabinet of Presi- dent Harrison to be Secretaiy of AgriculLure. Gen. Rusk is six feet and two inches in height, massive in jjioporlion, bright, active, and the ladies say, hanilsomc. On a horse, or heading a process- ion, or in a promiscuous gathering, he certainly is, with his flowing hair and beard and ruddy com- plexion, a man of marked and attractive appearance, jle loves his children, his horses, and his farm, and ncvej- "goes back" on a true friend. 'o^^-^n,^^^ j^^^^_^^^^ GOVERNORS OF WISCONSIN. '^■•. '.r^'t'^i't^i William Dc^npster Hoard [jj^jtj^j^ii^ y. , N altogether new character in the civil and political history of Wisconsin, and one which has but few coun- terparts anywhere, is William " Dempster Hoard. He was born at Stockbridge, Madison Co., N. Y., Oct. 10, 1836, and was the son of a Methodist Cir- cuit-Rider. His early education was derived entirely from the common schools, which were then none of the best. At the age of twenty-one he settled near Oak Grove, Dodge Co., Wis., where he worked upon a farm, liut removed to Lake Mills. Jefferson County, in 1860. In May, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, 4th Wisconsin Infantry, and served until July, 1862, when he was discharged for disability. Soon re- gaining his health at his former home in New York, he re-enlisted, in Company A, 1st New York Artil- lery, and remained in the service as a private to the close of the war. There are flippant and careless souls who declare that Gov. Hoard and Phil Cheek, Jr.. are the only private soldiers left in Wisconsin. At the close of the war he returned to Wisconsin and engaged in the nursery business .at Columbus, but in 1870 again established himself at Lake Mills and began the publication of the Jefferson County Union, receiving during the same year the appointment of Deputy United States Marshal, and .also having to do with taking the Federal Census. In 1872 he was elected Sergeant-at-arnis of the State Senate, and the following year removed to Ft. Atkinson, which has since been the place of residence of himself and his newspaper. There is far more than is generally under- stood in the career of Hoard that is proud and creditable. Starting with absolute!}' no capita', he put his paper in the way of accomplishing some- thing substantial for the community as well as for himself. From the beginning he devoted consider- able space in his paper to the discussion of dairy and farm matters. Himself an exi)ert in the busi- ness of making butter and cheese, his articles at- tracted and held attention from the good sense and practical knowledge which they displayed. It is true that at first the fi'uits of his effort seemed to be insignificant — certainly unsatisfactory J/oU^,.. WILLIAM DEMPSTER HOAHD. — but he continuefl unswervingly in the course originnlly marked out, and finally began to rally the local farmers around him. Almost entirely through his efforts the Jefferson County Dairj'man's Association was organized, in 1871, followed by the Wisconsin State Dairyman's Association, of which he was also the real founder, and for three years Secre- tary, and then the Northwestern Dairyman's Asso- ciation, of which he has annually been chosen I'residcnt without opposition, since 1878. The value of this State Association in particular to the farmers of Wisconsin, can hardly be coni- jjuted. It found them turning out but a limited amount of dairy products, and those with a de- cided reputation for inferiority. In the course of a few years it saw the production increase manj- fold, and the reputation for both cheess and butter aart- ment" of his pajwr became such that he was com- pelled to issue special editions, and finally to cs- taldish Hoard's />o(>i/ma« on a separate basis, which has r, wide circulation, and is an accepted authority on dairy matters througliout the Nation. When the Wisconsin Farmers' Institutes were organized by the State University in 1886, for the jmrpose of holding educational sessions in different portions of the State, Mr. Hoard was selected as the leading lecturer on dairj' matters. In two sea- sons ho delivered more than 300 addresses on this sulijcct, exposing in a frank and fearless manner to the slipshod and slovenl}' farmer the folly of his w.iys, and preaching the doctrines of agricultural regeneration through such improved methods as were in pace with modern improvements in other branches of business. These addresses, at once simple and homely, were yet so eloquent with incontrovertable f.acts, common sense, and pat illustrations, and so inter- spersed with a p.ithos, luimo" and drollery not oqualle.%.ihA.t^A.t..t.t..j&.r.4»t< A44Av#i HE bistorj- of the lliiee a counties of Green Lake, Mai quelle and Waushara, are very closely inter- woven, and therefore until the first settlement by whites andthe organization of their re- spective county governments, no attempt is made to separate them. While comparatively new in comparison with the coun- s of some other States of the lion, each has a history worthy of preservation. It is to be hoped ' that the reader will find in the following pages much to interest and instruct. If so, the efforts of the author will be rewarded. First Knowledge of This Region. "As early as 1615." says ButterBeld in his brief biography of Jean Nieolet, "a nation of Indians had been heard of called the Mascoutins. These savages were frequently' at war with the tribes near the head of Georgian Bay, and with some further east ward. Now, the homes of the Mascoutins were upon the Fox River, above Winnebago Lake, their territor}' extending soulheastwardly, as far, possi- bly, as the present city of Chicago, if not beyond. A brief reference to certain individuals in this na- tion has been preserved ante-dating the year 1634. A knowledge of the Winnebagoes was early ob- tained at least before the year 1632. They were spoken of by the Indians, who gave the Frcncli an account of them, as the 'Winnipegon.' More was learned of this nation than of the Mascoutins. They were known as the people who had originally emi- grated from the shore of a distant sea, and their name had reference to this fact. The settlers upon the St. Lawrence had, however, very erroneous ideas of the location of these savages. Winnebago Lake was supposed to be to the northward of Lake Huron, and the Fox River to flow southward into it; while the Winnebngoes were known to dwell not far from the last mentioned lake. Lake Mich- igan and Green Bay had not as yet been heard of. Such was the information that the French had gathered of the present Wisconsin before any part of it liad been explored by civilized man; extend- ing, as we have seen, to two of its lakes and one of its rivers, also to two of the savage tribes having their homes and hunting grounds, whole or in part, within its present boundaries." Evidences of Pre-Historic Occupancy. Historians and scientists who have devoted re- search to the antiquities of Wisconsin generally concede that the territory was inhabited at one time by a race of people superior to that dis- covered by the early French missionaries. Manj' and important discoveries in various works of antiquity have been made during the past twenty years along the Fox and Grand rivers in Green Lake Countj% where hundreds of mounds exist, from which have been exhumed pieces of earthen- ware or pottery artistically designed. Implements which bear the marks of civilization, pipes of vari- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ous shflpes and sizes and in several instances hiero- glyphic characters have been discovered. It has l)een suggested tliat the people who left these monuments were the progenitors of the fast fading Indian tribes of Nortli America, and this is made to appear probable liy the resemblance of the pots and vases in figure, etc., to those afterward found ill all Indian villages and to those still made by the women of the Mandan and other tribes. Mar- quette County is rich in the evidences of the pres- ence within its borders at some remote time of ihe race, long since extinct, which is the delight of antiquarian research and the object of curious con- sideration by intelligent persons of all classes. The Mound Builders have left innumerable tumuli near the river and lake. The mounds possess the varied forms peculiar to this class of pre-historic works. Most of them are conical or oblong, some are cru- ciform and others resemble birds or animals. The age of the mounds is attested by huge trees which have grown on their summits and by the remains of other large trees wliich have lived, died and de- cayed since the germ was first implanted in the upturned soil by the ordering of that economy of nature which is at once a source of admiration and marvel to the thoughtful mind. These mounds, like all others constructed by this mystic people, are of surface soil, yet the immediate vit-init^- shows no disturbance of the surrounding alluvium. In view of this fact emphasis is given to the queries as to when, how and why the}' were built. Excep- tional ones on the bluffs at the bends of the liver or on the promontory on the lake were, perhaps, for defense; some, possibly, for tombs, as bones would seem to indicate. Excavations usually yield meagre results, though thej' sometimes disclose pieces of coarse pottery and rude implements. Moundville, as its name implies, abounds in these antiquarian puzzles. There are many mementoes of the past scattered over the town of Berlin, Green Lake County, says a writer, John ,G. Gillespy, 1860: " In their for- mation there is great similarity. That the great portion are graves or monuments raised to the dead there can be but little doubt. There is so far as I have seen only one embankment or mound in this town or county tliat a person would be in any doubt as to its purpose or use or to what necessitj' in Indian life it owes its erection — a circular mound about twent}- rods in diameter and sixty-five rods in circumference. It might have been a place of worship or of recreation or gladiatorial combats; from its peculiar structure one can easily imagine it was used for one or the other or them all. Here the court of some mighty chief or renowned war- rior might have been held in all the pomp and circumstance of savage and barbaric splendor. High potentates may here have met the assembled wisdom of the land in grave and portentous coun- cil suggested for future action; the nation's welfare cared for and legislation for future contingencies adopted; here might have been debates anart of the State of Wisconsin, of which this work treats. About the middle of June, 16.58, RadJsson and Groseilliers, who had now formed a friendly part- nership "to travell and see countreys," began a journey up the Ottawa River to Lake Huron and beyond. They started in company with twenty- nine other Frenchmen; but being attacked by the Iroquois, all returned except Radisson and Grosel- liers, who pushed on with the Huron "wild men" who served as their guides to the upper country. Upon arriving at the mouth of the French River, the Indians divided their party; "seven boats went toward west northwest and the rest to the south." The two Frenchmen proceeded with the southbound fleets, and, after making nearly the entire circuit of Lake Huron, stopped with their Indian companions at the village of the latter — apparently on one of the Manitoulin Islands. From here they went on a neighboring visit to the "nation of ye stairing haires" — the Ottawas, who were on the Great Mani- toulin. Urged by visitors— "Ambassadors" Radisson grandiloquently styles them — from the "Pontona- tenick," or Pottawattomies, the travelers pushed westward through the Straits of Mackinaw, and visited their new friends who were then located upon the Islands at the mouth of Green Bay and upon the main land to the southward, along the western shores of Lake Michigan. They passed the winter of 16.58-5it with the Pottawattomies, — thus being the first white men known to have set foot within what is now Wisconsin after the advent of Nicolet in 1634. While with the Pottawatto- mies, tliey met with visitors from the Ma.^coutins, or the famous "Fire Nation" whom Nicolet had discovered on the south side of Fox River, proba- Ijly in what is now Green Lake County, Wis., twenty- five years before. In the spring of 1659 the Frenchmen passed up the Fox to visit the Mascou- tins. The latter told them of the "Nadoneceronon" nation, or Sioux, their neighbors to the West; also of a wandering tribe, the "Christenos," who lived on the shores of Hudson's Bay in the summer, and in Wisconsin and along the south shore of Lake Supeiior in the winter. They appear to have had excellent treatment at the hands of the Mascoutiiis. and it is undoubtedly to this period of the voyage, in the spring and early summer of 1659, that R;u PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. disson refers, when, upon liis homeward journey 1 down tlie Ottawa, he writes, by way of reminis- cence, liic words commencing with: "We weare four inontiis on our voyage without doeing any- tiiing Imt goe from river to river." In this par.i- grapii, — apparentl3- unconscious of ll)e great his- toric importance of the discovery — he alludes to the fact that his companion and himself accom- panied some Indians "into ye great river." which from his description was undoubtedly the Upper Mississippi. This discovery antedates that claimed for LaSalle by not less than eleven years and that of Joliet and Marquette fourteen years, and forms one of the most notable records of early American exploration. There can be no doubt that Radis- son's reference is to the Mississippi, and that the event occurred during his visit to the Mascoutins who, as has been stated, were probably located within the present borders of Orcen Lake County. The season Radissou and Groseilliers spent here was the only time they could have made the visit to the Mississippi, for Radisson's narrative fully explains their movements during the rest of this voyage and leaves them no other o|)portunity to reach the great river. It is, therefore, reasonable to conclude that the notable discover}' was made in the spring or early summer of 1651), and that the approach to the Mississippi was made up the Fox River and down the Wisconsin, the route pointed out by the Mascoutins to Nicolet twenty-five years before. This account is condensed from papers published by the Wisconsin Historical -Society, based on the original manuscript of Hadisso)i, who describes the Mascoutins as "a faire proper nation." Continuing: "They are tall and bigg and very strong. We came there in the spring. When we arrived there weare extraordinary banquelts. There they never have seen men with beards, because they pull their hairs as soon as it comes out; but much more as- tonished when the3' saw our arms, especially our guns, wliich they worshipped bj- blowing smoakc and tobacco instead of sacrifice. I will not insist on their way of living, for of their ceremonys heere you will see a patern." Allouez, Joliet, Manniotte, l)u Lliiil, Ilciinc- piu, Perrot ami I^a Hoiitaii. Father Allouez made a voyage up tlie Fox River to the present limits of Green Lake County in 1669. In 167.3 Louis Joliet and Jacques Mar- quette left Mackinaw, with five other Frenchmen, reached the Wisconsin River bj- the Fox and a portage and descended to the Mississippi. In 1G79 Daniel Graysen Du Lhut (Duluth) ascended St. Louis River, held a council and concluded a peace with the natives west of Lake Superior. In the following year he voyageis Brule and descending the St. Croix ; and Father Louis Hennepin ascended the Mississippi to the Falls of St. Anthony, returning, in company- with Du Lhut. over the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, to Green Bay. In 1683 Le Seur made a vojage of the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers to the Mississippi. In 1685 Nicholas Perrot. who h.ad been at Green Baj- as early as 1669, and who had been appointed "com- mandant of the West," proceeded over the Fox- Wisconsin Rivers route to the Upper Mississippi, spending the winter at a point near the present vil- lage of Trempeleau. In 1686 and in later years, he estal lished ports on Lake Pepin and at the mouth of the Wisconsin. Four years later Baron la Ilontau claimed to have penetrated the Wiscon- sin wilds, by the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers and to have made extensive discoveries on the rpi)er Mississippi. Historical Importance of these Kail.v Voyajres. Such, in brief, is the history of the voyages of the intrepid explorers who were the forerunners in this then wild country of the civilization to-d.ay. The records they have left are so meager and so general in their application that it is not possible to obtain from them much d:ita of strictly local interests. It is sufficient that the Fox River, flow- ing through this territory, bore upon its bosom the frail barques of these venturesome pathfinders, and that it was by w.ay of the Fox that the first of them came near discovering and another later actu- ally did discover the Mississippi, that grejit stream which has exerted an influence more powerful than any other upon the assimilation and advancement of the various interests of a vast continent, con- necting tiie North and the South and supplying a ( common market to the Knst and the West. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 191 Voyage of Captain CaiAer, Captain Jonathan Carver, of the Englisli army, ascended the Vox River in ITi!!!. Arriving at the Island, now the site of Neenali and Menaslia, lie found a great Indian town — Winnehagoes. The tribe was ruled by a queen, who received him with great civilit}' and entertained him sumptuously during the four days he remained there. "The town contained fifty houses. The land.' he says, >'was very fertile, grapes, plums and other fruits grew abundantly. The Indians raised large quanti- ties of Indian corn, beans, pumpkins, squashes watermelons and some tobacco." On the Wiscon- sin River he found the largest and best built Indian town he ever saw. "It contained about ninety houses, e.ach large enough for several families, built of hewn planks, neatly jointed, and covered so completely with bark as to keep out the most penetrating rains. The streets were both regular and spacious, appearing more like a civilized town than the abode of savages. The land was rich, and corn, beans and melons were raised in large quantities." Many of the planting grounds on the banks of the lakes were lovely spots, and in the corn husking time, or in the wild rice harvest, when multitudes of canoes were engaged in gath- ering the grain, presented a cheerful scene. The voyageur's camping ground was frequently adjoin- ing, and many a festive summer night has echoed with the song and mirth of the backwoods frolic, in which both races have enjoyably participated. Resources, Physical Features, Etc. Lying between the counties of Waushara, Green Lake, Columbia and Adams, is the county of Mar- quette. The surface is undulating and the soil a sandy loam which becomes clear sand in certain localities. Marshes are found near the streams and these produce hay in abundance, while with proper attention they might easily be redeemed from wildness to a condition of profit by the introduc- tion of cranberry' culture. The county may be generally described as one of oak openings. The native timber has been removed from large ai'eas, and considerable land is under cultivation. The region is well ■w.itcrcd and supplied with power. Neeuah Creek runs through Oxford. Douglas, Center and Briggsville, with improved mill privi- leges in each town. The Montello furnishes power for mills and factories at Laurence, Westfield, Har- risville and Montello. The Meehan drives one mill atGermania and White Creek supplies a mill and foundr3- at Neshkoro. The only elevation is in the northwest corner of the county, called Lib- ertv Bluff. It is .several acres in area and rises on three sides abruptly fifty to eighty feet with a r.agged wall of sandstone. Norway pines grow upon its summit and are not found elsewhere in the county. The village of Montello, the county seat, has a charming location upon the shore of the placid Buffalo Lake, with towering bluffs and en- circling rivers. A marked geologic feature of the place is the huge outcropping of granite rock, projecting boldly upon the side of one of the main business streets. Some of the surrounding lands are sandy. Most are oak openings, while perhaps one-fourth of the county is marsh or rich alluvium. The chief exports of the county are wheat, corn, rye, pork, butter and cranberries together with the products of the various factories. A large amount of fish, mostly pickerel and bass, are annually caught in the rivers and lakes within the county limits, and the region round about Montello is said to be one of the best hunting grounds in this part of the country. The water power furnished by the different streams is but partially employed in a profitable manner, and sufficient water runs to waste to turn the wheels of scores of mammoth factories. The county contains fourteen towns named as follows: Springfield, Newton, Crystal Lake, Neshkoro, Westfield, Harris, Shields, Meehan, Oxford, Packwaukee, Montello, Douglas, Mound- vilJe and Buffalo. There are sixteen postofflces in the county: Briggsville, Douglas Center, Germa- nia, Grover, Harrisville, Jeddo, Liberty Bluff, Merritt's Landing, Midland, Montello, Moundville, Neshkoro, Oxford, Puckwaukie, Roslin and West- field. It is twent3'-four miles from the northern to the southern border of the county, and from eighteen to twenty-one miles from its eastern to its western limits. Green Lake County is bounded on the north by Waushara County; on the east b}' Winneljago and Fond du Lac Counties; on the south by Columbia PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and Dodge Counties, and on the west by Marquette County. Its greatest length north and south is twenty-seven miles; its greatest breadth east and west eighteen miles. Of the 247.658 acres com- prising tiie county, 20,000 are water, divided into lakes and clear winding streams, which form the most prominent feature of this wonderfully formed region. Gushing sitrings ma\' be found at the foot of almost every elevation, and water is readily found in all localities by digging and boring from ten to ninety feet. The general face of the coun- try is undulating, neither hilly nor extensive plains, with the exception of high broken lands around the marshes in the south part of the county. A line stretch of prairie extends along tlie eastern part. In this section may be found some of the richest farms in the State. The soil is the rich brown mould of the prairies, the sandy loam of the val- leys, or the clayey loam of the high lands. Even the poorest lands produce fair crops. Limestone, with its atlftulant sandstone, is abundant, cropping out at almost every hillside in the towns l3Mng east of the Fox River. Doubtless it underlies the whole surface of the county, varying in depth from ten to forty feet. The wonderful outcrop- l)ing of granite at Berlin receives extended notice elsewhere. Wheat, rye, corn, oats, all the various products of the latitude, as well as fruit, berries, grapes, etc., and varieties of vegetables raised in a more southern climate are cultivated with success. Wlieat is the chief reliance. Corn is grown with little labor and is at times a more profitable crop than wheat. Sorghum is cultivated with success, and is a not unimportant article of commerce. The cranberry crop is lieavy and the sales are verj- largc. The farmers are well-to-do and independ- ent as a class. Marshes abound on both sides of Fox River, from half a mile to four miles in width, bordered generally with a prolific growth of wild rice which annually feeds innumerable flocks of blackbirds and ducks. In addition to these are extensive pastures and haying fields along all the triliutaries of the Fox, making Green Lake one of the finest stock-growing counties in the State. The county, though largely dependent on its agiicultu- ral products by which to make a showing to the outside world, has manifested considerable enter- prise in the way of utilizing what few natural ad- vantages are aflforded by tiie tributaries of tlie Fox River. The Fox itself, owing to its slight fall, which is barely a foot to the mile, is perfectly use- less as a means of power and serves onl\- as a great natural canal and a fertilizer of the grand valley through which it silently wends its way. Steam mills and manufactories to suppl3- the needs of the poi)ul:ition are extending and increasing as the wants of the community deiifaud. The manufac- ture and export of gran'te from the quarries at Berlin is probably the most extensive single indns- tiy in this section. The county comprises ten towns named as follows: Berlin, Brooklyn. Green Lake, Kingston, Mackford. Manchester, Marquette, Prince- ton. Seneca and St. Marie. There are nine post- olfices, thus named: Berlin, Dartford, Green Lake, Kingston, ^Manchester. Markesan, Marquette, Prince- ton and Itley. This territorj- is equal to any other portion of the State of like extent. Big and Little Green Lakes arc prominent features of the county. The former is a remarkabli' fine sheet of water of a greenish hue. The lake t.akes its name from the color of the water, and in turn gives its name to the county. It is ten or twelve miles in length, and has an average width of two to three miles. The water is very clear and generally deep, hav- ing been plumbed in places to the depth of 100 feet. The shores are high and wooded and are irregular, being indented by fine bnys. It is only within the past few years that this gem of a lake has attracted the attention of pleasure seekers. Green Lake is unrivalled in beauty of scenery, fine fishing and hunting, and is now regarded as one of the finest resorts in the West. Small steam yachts make trips around the Lake to accommodate excursionists and pleasure seekers. The several watering places are provided with fleets of sail and rowboats and when filled with their merry crews these boats, as they flit across the green waters of the lake, add a charm to scenes of unsurpassed loveliness. Little Green Lake is situated in the southern part of the town of Green Lake, and has some of the characteristics of its larger namesake. It is a mile and a half in length and a mile wide Lake P.ackaway. in the western part of the county, an expansion of the Fox River, is navigable. It PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. is about eight miles in length, east and west, and nboiit a mile wide from north to south. The Indian name signifies wild rice. This lake is bor- dered by large marshes, and is noted for its numer- ous fields of wild rice and the great number of wild ducks tliat frequent its waters. During the duck season the borders of the lake are lined with hunters from the large cities and surrounding country, while an occasional Indian puts in an ap- pearance. Fish are caught in abundance during the season, fine specimens of lake trout, pickerel, bass and perch being taken. Waushara County is in the form of a parallelo- gram, thirty-six miles long and eighteen mile.s wide. There are embraced in this county 414,000 acres of land. It is estimated that nearly fifty per cent, of this may be called openings, thirty per cent, marsh, fifteen per cent, timbei and five per cent, prairie. The soil is extremely sandy. The limber is oak, hickory, maple, bass and ash. The eastern part of the count}' has the most productive soil, and the marshy portions are admirably fitted for cranberry culture and for hay raising. Immense crops of cranberries are gathered in the southeastern part. Wild fruits grow in great profusion, which argues the successful production of the cultivated kinds. Large deposits of marl are found whicU has value for fertilization. There are considerable beds of the quality of cl.ay that produces cream colored brick, and which is adapted also to the manufac- ture of stoneware. The principal crops are wheal, rye, oats, corn and hops. About 15,000 acres of wheat are sown annually. The character of the surface is generally level, though there are some bluffs in the northern and central parts. The re- gion is well watered, lakes varying in size from one acre to a section of land being scattered profusely over it. Noteworthy among these lakes is Silver Lake, a beautiful sheet of water which has begun to attract cottage builders, and promises in time to become popular with tourists and summer sojourn- ers. Lake Poygan encroaches on the eastern boundary of the county and covers about four sections of land. The Fox cuts off the southeast- ern corner and is the largest river watering or draining the county. It flows in a northeasterly direction and no stream tlovvs into it within Wau- shara's boundaries. Pine River, which drains the northenstern half and enters Lake Poygan, is a stream second in size. It affords fair water power at different points. Willow Creek, which performs the same office for the central and southeastern sections, and has its outlet into Lake Poygan, but a short distance from the Pine, is third in import- ance. White River and Pine Creek are tributary to the Fox and drain the southern portion. All ihese streams offer facilities for manufacturing. Both lakes and rivers abound in fish. It is said that at one time there were so many fish below the dam at Poysippi that people took them away by wagon loads, catching them in their bare hands and tossing them up into their wagon boxes. By the boring of artesian wells water can be obtained at depth of from fifty to 100 feet. Almost every farm has a fountain or flowing well. Waushara County has eighteen towns as follows: Plainfield, Hancock, Cocoma, Oasis, Deerfield, Richford, Rose, Wauto- nia, Dakota, Springwater, Mt. Morris, Marion. Saxeville, Leon, Warren, Bloomfield, Poysippi and Aurora. There are twenty-three postofflces within the county limits: Auroraville, Brushville, Cedar Lake, Colebrook, Coloma, Coloma Station, Da- kota, H.amilton, Hancock, Mt. Morris, Oasis, Pine River, Plainfield, Poysippi, Richford, Saxeville, Spring Lake, Springwater, Terrill, Tuston, Wau- toma. West Bloomfield and Wild Rose. The county is bounded north by Portage and Waupaca Counties; east by Winnebago county; south by Marquette and Cxreen Lake Counties, and west by Adams County. No section of the State can surpass these counties in richness of soil and adaptation to profitable farm- ing. From the ease of cultivating the land and the certaini}' of bountiful harvests, it has been comparatively easy for the farmers to become a well-to-do and really independent class. Men who but a few years ago expended their last dollar in paying for their lands are now in possession of a competency. A feature in favor of the settler in this region has been the facility and cheapness of marketing farm products, there being railway and water transportation within a short distance of every well-settled locality. A growing little city and several prospei'ous villages afford good trading 194 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. facilities. Mills and manufactures to supply the needs of the population have extended commen- suratel}' witli ttie demands of these rapidly develop- ing counties. School-houses are numerous in every town, and church spires may almost t)e said to be in view from any point within the territory. All the varieties of small birds and fowls peculiar to the latitude are abundant. Trapping for small an- imals is pursued with some success. The larger wild animals, such as moose, deer, etc.. are banished, and nothing short of an occasional verification of the fact by some pioneer would lead a new-comer to believe that the territory now embraced in these counties was' ever famous as an Indian hunting ground. Noxious wild animals are about extinct. The favorable latitude of these counties renders their climate healthful and pleasant. So diversi- fied are the}' in soil, scenery and general resources and advantages that one ma}- find a home whether his desire be to follow the plow, to engage in trade or manufacture, or. like Abraham of old, to in- crease his substance in flocks and herds of cattle. Geology. When the territory now embracing these counties first emerged from the ocean, it doubtless pre- sented an essentially' plain surface, having a slight inclination to the east and southeast. The irregu- larities which it now presents are due to subsequent chang^s, the result of three classes of agents acting at different times and under different conditions. The following account of this transition is con- densed from Prof. T. C. Chamberlin's and other reports on the geology of Eiastern Wisconsin. During the ages between the emergence of the land and the drift |)eriod the streams were cutting their beds deeper and deeper into the rocks and rendering the former level surface more irregular. The softer rocks were more readily eroded than the harder ones, and this helped to inciease the un- evenness. There was a tendency of the streams to follow, as far as the slope favored, the less resisting bells of soft rock, and as these run in a northerly' and southerly direction in this region, the main ."■trcanis had that direction. The little streams gath- ered into the larger ones in a manner not unlike that by which the branches of a tree are united to the trunk. The unevenness of surface jHoduced I)}' erosion of this natuie possesses a certain kind of system and symmetry readily recognizable. As this erosion occupied the time preceding the glacial |)criod, the features produced liy it have neen termed Frp-GUicial. The modifications of the surface constituting this first class of topographical features were produced by running water. Those of the second class, which were produced nest in order of time, were formed by ice in the form of glaciers, it is believed, and b}- the agencies brought into action through their melting. The work of the ice was two-fold — first in the leveling of the surface by planing down the hills and filling up the valleys; and second, in the creation of a new uneven surface, by heaping up in an irregular and promiscuous manner the clay, sand, gravel and boulders it had formed, thus giving the surface a new aspect. Among the fea- tures produced by the action of the ice are parallel ridges, sometimes miles in length, having the same direction as the ice movements; hills of rounded, flowing contour, sometimes having a linear arrange- ment in the direction of glacier progress; mounds of drift proraiscuousl}' arranged on an otherwise plain surface; oval domes of rock; sharp gravel ridges, some of them having a tortuous, serpentine course, transverse to the drift movement; peculiar depressions, known as '* kettles," and half-sub- merged rock gorges, known as " fiords." The melt- ing of the ice mass gave rise to swollen lakes and flooded rivers, which eroded at some points and filled up at others, and so still further modified the face of the country. All these peculiarities, being the result. i was deposited, which still further leveled the surface. After the land arose PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 195 again from the water, the streams resumed their cutting, and as the clay was soft they rapidly eroded deep, wide gorges, leaving abrupt terraces on either side. The features thus produced have been named Post-Glacial. To tlie three agencies, lake action, ice and run- ning water, assisted slightly by winds, the topo- graphical peculiarities of the district are chiefly due. There is no evidence, of violent eruptions, upheavals or outbursts. There was, indeed, the gradual elevation and depression of the surface, and probably some little flexure of the crust, and there are at two or three points indications of fault- ing; but in general the region has been free from violent agitation, and owes none of its salient to- pographical features to such causes. This district contains the more level portions of the State, but presents at the same time much of diversity and many interesting topographical features. Setting aside minor details, the State possesses two general slopes — a short, abrupt declivity northward to Lake Superior, and a long gentler incline southward. Through the center of the southward slope there extends a moderate elevation, giving a southwest- erly and southeasterly' inclination to the strata on either side. This part of the State is wholly within the southeasterly slope. Greeu Bay and the Fox-Wi-st'Oiisiii Rivers. The symmetry and simplicity of this system is traversed in a peculiar manner by a diagonal val- ley occupied by Green Bay and the P'ox-Wisconsin rivers. This feature of the general surface of the State enters in an interesting way into the topog- raphy of this district, and from its commercial importance demands attention. This valley, in- cluding its extension into Michigan, is occupied by the waters of Green Bay for about 100 miles, with an average breadth of twelve miles. The ba^' projects into Wisconsin about seventy miles be- yond the extremity of the peninsula and about forty-five miles beyond the mouth of the IMenomi- nee. The valley of the upper Fox is an extension of this, and, like it, has its more abrupt slope on the south side, though less conspicuously so, and the same broad, level tract is not seen on the oppo- site side. These differences are due partly to the fact that the valley in this portion crosses the geological formations obliquely, whereas in the lower portion it followed their trend, and partly to the fact that here the drift movement was across the valley from eastward to westward to a consid- erable extent. This valley undoubtedl3- ''s^^ 'ts existence before the glacial period, during which it was probably more filled than eroded. The Fox River, at this portion of its course, has a much less rapid descent than between Lake Winnebago and Green Bay, a circumstance greatly favoring its improvement and navigation. The upper Fox de- scends forty feet in an air-line distance of about sixty miles, while the lower Fox descends 169^ feet in half that distance. The valley leading south from Lake Winnebago, which has been alluded to as an extension of the Green Baj' valley, rises 140 feet in fifteen miles. These facts, supported as they are by many others of similar import, show that the diagonal valley under consideration is a well-characterized if not obvious fact. The com- mercial importance of this valley, in presenting suitable conditions for the establishment of water communication between the Mississippi and the great lakes, has awakened a deep interest among citizens of this and adjoining States, and public at- tention has been so thoroughly turned toward it that the prospects of realization are good, if not immediate. The attention of capitalists has also been invited to the water power of the lower Fox, bearing in mind that grain-bearing vessels will offer return transportation at the most reasonable rates, thus placing manufacturing establishments in the most advantageous relations to the thousands of miles of rich territory along the Mississippi and its tributaries, and the still other thousands of miles of shore line around the great lakes. The enter- prise for the improvement of this cii.innel of communication is already far advanced under Gov- ernmental auspices. [See chapter on "Fox- Wis- consin River Improvements."] Another extension of the Green Bay valley is in the Rock River basin, but with that the historian of these counties has nothing to do. The Kock Classes in this District. The rocks in the district under consideration con- 196 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. sist of two great classes, widely distinguished in age and character. The more ancient one consisted originall3- of sedimentar}- materials, which were subsequentl3- metamorphosed into quartzites, gran- ites. i)Ori)h}-ries and similar rocks and were folded and tilted at various angles. These, formerl}- linown as tiie Azoic or Eozoic, constitute the Archean formations. Upon these were afterward deposited a series of sandstones, shales and limestones that have remained essentially unaltered and undis- turbed to the present day, which constitute the Paleozoic formations. The following table exhibits the formations in their natural order: Devonian. ") Silurian. Hamilton, Lower Helderberg, Niagara, Cincinnati, Galena, Trenton, St. Peters, Lower Maguesian. Potsdam, Huronian, Laurentian. I Upper 1 t } Lower Silurian. i Paleozoic Archaean. Within this district and within the area of the Silurian formations, are jjrojecting portions of the here buried Archaean formation. These isolated masses arc made up chiefly of quartzites and dark colored quartz-porphyries, and are scattered widely over Marquette, Waushara and Green Lake Coun- ties, and are seen in Columbia and Sauk Counties, preserving in their positions a sort of rough paral- lelism to the southern and eastern borders of the main Archaean mass. The Berlin Porphyry. — At Berlin is an out- standing Archaean mass consisting of three large elongated domes arranged en 'echelon^ bearing northeast. The rock is composed essentially of small crystals of orthocla.se feldspar dissem- mited through a peculiar cryptocrystalline base of felsite and quartz,forming a quartz-porphyry. The crystals of feldspar are usually grayisli before weathering, becoming reddish afterward. The base in its unwe.ithered state very much resembles quartzite and is of dark grayish cast with a very slightly reddish tinge, so modified by its trans- lucency as to give to the whole what may be called a water hue. A'ery thin splinters maj- be fused before the blow-pipe with difficulty forming a transparent glass-like bead. The effect of weather- ing is marked and peculiar. The color changes to a light reddisli, pinkish or grayish white and occa- sionally to a bright red, while the mass becomes opaque and finel}' granular and so soft as to be easily cut. There are occasionally spots, streaks or leaves of dark material in the base, sometimes called "interlaminated hornblende and mica." The rock is very uniform in cliaracter at all points ex- posed. It presents an obscure, parallel struct- ure giving rise to a somewhat definite system of cleavage, but traces of distinct bedding are not ob- served. The mass is traversed by extensive fis- sures which are readily arranged in three groups, the predominant one of which bears northwest and the smaller ones east of north and north of east, respectively, thus dividing the horizon into nearly equal areas, but none seem to be dependent on the cleavage structure of the rock. On the south slope of the hill and within a few rods of the exposure pori)hyr3\ occurs a sandstone in which are embed- ded masses of porphyry- of various sizes. The sandstone also contains several species of Potsdam fossils, demonstrating the presence of the porphj-r}- as an island or reef during the desposition of the sandstone. These facts entirel3' negative the view that these hills were either ejected as an igneous mass or thrust up as such by upheaval. Tlie^- are simply projecting points of an eroded formation. The Pine Bluff Quartz- Purphyry. — Seventeen miles south of Berlin there rises out of the flood plain of the Grand River a conspicuous mass of quartz-porphyry known by the above name. It .iscends by steep and even precipitous acclivities to a height of 100 feet, and being entireli' isolated j from surrounding elevations and nearly bare of I soil and vegetation, is a conspicuous object. The J rock consists of white, gray and flesh-colored crys- tals of orthoclase. and of glassy- feldspar set in a very hard gray and black quartz-felsite base. The crystals of feldspar vary in size from three-tentlss of an inch in length, downwards, but are rendered cons[)icuous by contrast of color. The rock is sus- ceplilble of very high and beautiful polish, but it is wrought with dilticulty on account of itjj hiird- ness. The dip is about 20" to the east of south. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 197 Obscure glacial striae, still preserved, testify to its endurauco. Their direction is south 45" west. The greatest extension of the hill is in an east and west direction. It is largely rocky, but there are no abrupt rock ledges, the exposures being almost entirely surfaces conforming to the general contour of the hill and on the level with the surrounding sod. In places the slopes of the hill are covered with angular fragments apparently split off by frost. This is a peculiarity not noticed on any of the other porphyry outcrops and appears to be due to the large content of comparatively coarse^ cleavable feldspar. The surrounding country is marshy and drift covered and shows no outcrop of horizontal rocks. The loose fragments are many of them smoothed on one side and some sur- faces are beautifully striated. Nearly all the vock shows signs of weathering. This outcrop- ping is in the town of Seneca, Green Lake County, only about two miles south of the granite hills of Spring Lake, Waushara County. The Quartz-Porphyry of Marquette. — Near IMar- quette. Green Lake County, a little more than twelve miles west of Pine Bluff, very similar quartz-porphyries display themselves in more con- siderable force, constituting a grou[) of prominent hills. A portion of the rock is precisely identi- cal in character with that of Pine Bluff and the greater mass is but an unimportant variation from it, but certain portions depart from the porphyritic character and become almost or entirely crypo- crystalllne. One variet}' of this kind very closely resembles the more homogeneous of the red Hu- ronian quartzites, and another is a compact, close textured rock, usually of dark color but some- times greenish, neither of these varieties occupies exclusively anj- one horizon, but the quartzite- like variety is found in the more southerly out- crops, the last-mentioned kind, immediately north of that,the darker porphyrites next and the coarser, lighter colored ones in the more northerly expos- ures. The bedding is ver}- obscure, but the lam- inations of certain portions and belts of particu- lar varieties of rock show the strike to the north- eastward. The dip is made out with much less certainty, but appears to be to the northward and vary from 15"" to 40*. Though the Berlin por- phyry differs from that of Pine Bluff and of Mar- quette in the absence of glassy feldspar, yet the close lithological alliance of the three is very ap- parent and they doubtless all belong to the same group of the Archaean series. The general strike of these formations projected westward, encounters several similar orelliers that are described by Prof. Irving and still farther southwest he found similar porphyry overlying the Barahoo quartzite. There seems to be sufficient reason for regardino- the latter as Huron ian, so that the porphyries must be regarded as a newer portion of that formation. All these masses present the rounded contour of glaciated surfaces and still bear the glacial groov- ings and in some cases even remnant polished spots, and from .all these trains of porphyry bould- ers stretch away in the direction of the striae. In the Marquette outcrops the prevailing rock has a black, compact, flinty matrix which is streaked with white non-continuous lines. These lines are for the most part, very prominent, and are fre- quently much contorted, the whole rock having a very evident parallel grain. The general course of the contorted laminm points to the same north- east strike direction as observed on the Observa- tory Hill and Moundville outcrops. The Observatory Hill Quartz- Porphyry— In the Town of Buffalo, Marquette County, a knob of quartz-porphyry rises 250 feet above the general level. On the flanks of the hill and up to a ver- tical distance above the base of 125 feet, are hori- zontal sandstone ledges. Above, to the top, are near- Ij' continuous outcrops of porphyry, with a not very plain north 32" east strike, and 60° northwest dip. The porphyry has a dark, grayish to black com- pact matrix, in which are thickly scattered quite large, brownish to pink facets of feldspar, the whole presenting a very dark colored appearance. The silica content is 78.56 per cent., and the specific gravity of 2.60. Numerous close joints occur throughout the exposure, causing the rock to split into small, irregularly shaped, smooth-faced angular fragments. The surrounding country shows every- where the Pottsdam sandstone as the surface rock. A high bluff of this sandstone, some 100 feet lower than the top of the observatory, lies on the south- west quarter of the same section. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. The Mouiidcille Quartz- Porphyry. — On tlie edge of the Fox River marsh at the head of Lake Bufifalo, Moundville, Marquette County, are three low, rounded outcrops of quartz porphyry. These are five miles in a direction a little north of west from Observatory Hill, which is the nearest Ar- chiBan outcrop. No other rock shows in the neighborhood, the country beinja; heavily drift- covered. The largest outcrop is on tlie east end of a low bluff thirty-flve feet high, and several hundred feet in length. There are quite marked appearances hereof the same northeast strike, and north 60" dip, as seen at Observatory Hill. The rock has a dark brown matrix, and shows throughout traces of crystalline structure, and, quite thickly scattered, large brownish feldspar surfaces. A few crystals are white and translucent. The weathered surface is often of a bright pink color. Fine magnetic particles are abundant, though their existence is not rendered evident by the use of ordinary lens, a powerful microscope being necessary to distinguish them. The silicia content is 72.76 per cent. A comparison of the rocks of these several por- phyry ' veas shows that though all present the same gen •• jd of rock, no two of the areas are ex- actly alike. The Observatory Hill porphyry has a black, flinty matrix with numerous large, brown- ish feldspar facets, and contains 73.56 per cent, of silica. The Moundville porphyry has a brown to black matrix and contains much brownish feldspar, some magnetite, and only 72.76 per cent, of silica. The Seneca porphyry is altogether different from the others, in having a light-colored, nearly white, somewhat granular and distinctly quartzose mat- rix, and in containing much white, glassy feldspar, the percentage of silica being 76.39. The Mar- quette porphyry has a black, flinty matrix, in this regard resembling closely the Observatory Hill rock, from which, however, it differs in being al- most without feldspar facets, and in having its mat- rix streaked with white, and tluis presenting a very marked larainalion,the silicia content being 70.29.or less than that obtained from any other of these rocks. The Berlin porphyry resembles that from the Mar- quette outcrop in having a marked lamination, but differs in the color of its matrix, in containing plenty of feldspar f.acels, and in having a larger percentagj (74.37) of silica. Its peculiar fine granular matrix is also a very distinguishing char- acteristic. The' Montello Granite. — In the; village of ^Mon- tello, Marquette County, is an ellipitical shaped, rounded mound of pink'granite, about a third of]a mile in length and forty feet high. Over most of the hill the rock is quite uniform on a fresh frac- ture, though presenting a weathered surface from bright pink to dull grayish pink in color. The weathering is ver3' slight, however, and the rock shows almost no tendency|to decompose. It has a medium grain, closetexture, is of a bright pinkish color, and without sign of the arrangement of the ingredients in lines. These are, rather large flaked, pinkish, cleavable feldspar predominating; some- what granular, fine, pinkish, translucent 'quartz, abundant; and greenish black mica sparsely scat- tered, in blotches made up of very fine flakes. In places, then, light green epidote-colored seams occur. Somewhat irregular northwest joints tra- verse the rock which is, "however, for the most part structureless, and is quarried by firing, the pieces that crack off presenting a conclioidal frac- ture. On the north side of the west end of the mound occurs a vertical laj^er three feet wide, trending north, 55° east, of a soft, greenish, highly schistose, decomposing cldoritic rock. The least weathered specimens sliow a blackish color and some tendency to a crystalline texture. The vein is weathered down for two or three feet below the enclosing granite walls, both of which are seen. ■ The schistose laminse are par.allel to the walls. Greenish epidote seams in the rock near by have the same trend .is the vein. Though this gran- ite was at first somewhat difficult to obtain in desirable masses, as the quarry is now worked, it makes very handsome and durable stone. The Marion Gnuiite Areas. — In the town of Marion, Waushara County, are three low granite knobs. Two of these. Stone and Pine bluffs, are In a north northwest direction about two miles from the quartz-porphyry hill of the town of Seneca. Green Lake County, and the third, a larger and bolder hill, lies on the e.astern border of the marsh and stretches to some extent over the line into the town of Warren. On all of these areas PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 199 the rock observed is nearly the same, a pinkish, felspathic granile, tnottlerl with gray and green, closely resembling the Montello granite, from wiiich it differs, however, in having a coarser grain, looser texture and a marked tendency to decompose. Reddish cleavable feldspar is the principal ingredi- ent occurring in facets up to one-eighth and one- fourth inch in diameter; quartz is abundant, fine, granular and translucent; mica is sparse and scat- tered in small greenish-black blotches. Large whitish porphyritie feldspar occurs. There is no sign of any arrangement of the ingredients, or of any parallel grain to the rock. Xo definite bed- ding plains were observed on any of the outcrops, thougii numerous crossing joint planes occur, and quite regular flat slabs are sometimes obtainable, veins of white quartz occur. The most marked characteristic of the rock is its tendency to weather and shell off in crumbling masses. Some of the large flat surfaces are so far crumbled as to be penetrated readily by a horse's hoof. The rock from these out- crops would polish easily, but its tendency to crum- ble renders it less valuable than the Montello granite. As indicated by their common character and strike direction as well as their relative positions, the quartz porphyry and granite patches of Green Lake. Waushara and Marquette Counties just described, are doubtless to be regarded as but pro- jecting points-of one northeastward trending belt, the rest of which is buried beneath the Silurian sandstone and later superficial deposits. All, both granites and porphyries belong evidently to the same formation. The entire width of the granite and porphyry belt, at right angles to the trend, is not less than twenty-flve miles, the Mackford area l^'ing on the extreme east, that of Montello on the extreme west. Tlie length from the Marcellon (Columbia County) area on the south, is in a 32" east direction, thirty miles. Regarding the belt as continuous, as it undoubtedly is, with the Baraboo ranges, it is evident that it must make a great bend northeastward in the region about Portage. The parallelism of the belt thus made out with the edge of the main archasan area to the northward, is striking, and stronglj- suggests that we have here part of a once continuous band of Huronian sur- rounding the old northern core after the ijaanner of the later Silurian formations. „■ •„,, ^^.f ^ ' PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. fc^ huXian ©iceiipancy. HEN tlie French first came to this country, the In- ['4ej» (Hans of tliis vicinity were tlie Mascontins. on the Upper Fox, their vil- lage occupying the site of Buttes des Morts (Hills of the Ik. Ill) ; the Winnebagoes, inhabiting the tract south of th2 Upper Fox, and also what is now Dot^-'s Island and the site of Menasha and its vicinity ; tiie Outa- gamies, or Foxes, at the foot of Lake Winnebago and on the Lower Fox. their principal village on the western shore of Liitle Buttes des Morts, near the site of Neenah ; the Sauks, at the mouth of the Lower Fox ; and tiie Menominees, occupying the tract from the mouth of the Lower Fox to the Menomi- nee and tlie land .-xdjacent to it. These tribes were all, except tiie Winnebagoes, originally from Can- ada. The original occupants of Wisconsin were the Sioux, who were dispossessed of this territory by the Chippewas and other Algonquin tribes and driven across the Mississippi. The Sauks and Foxes were united by so close an alliance as to be practi- cally one nation. In the early d.ays of the French traders they were the strong tribes in this -section, warlike and hostile to the whites, resisting all the allurements of civilization and continually making predatory incursions on the Menominees and other tribes. Their warlike and marauding habits kept the country in constant disturbance ; for they bo!»sted themselves the dominant power and seemed determined to compel all others to yield to their supremacy. One of their princi|)al villages was at Little Buttes des Morts, on the handsome rise of ground on the expansion of the Fox below Doty's Island. Some time after Allouez's visit to the Mascoutins at the Buttes des Morts, they seemed to have come into possession of that place ; for in 1716 they were fortified at that point in resistance to the French and were in possession of the Upper Fox. The}' were the only Algonquin tribes against whom the French ever made war. The French expelled them from this valley and their country came eventually into possession of the Menomi- nees. The Foxes and Sauks seem to have alliliated with no other tribes. For over a century they were known to have been continually on the war path. The other tribes held them in great awe. Their children for generations may be said to have been born on the battlefield, with the sound of the war- whoop ringing in their mothers' ears. No In- dians ever surpassed them in braver}' or devotion to the cause of the red man in resenting the en- croachments of the whites. The Black Hawk War was the closing scene of the strife of the Sauks and Foxes, who had been so long the dominant tribes of this valley which will be forever associa- ted with their fame, bearing as it does one of their tribal names. The Menominees, who succeeded these tribes in this territory, were the firm allies of the French and pursued a peaceable course in their relations with other Indian nations. They rapidly increased in nuinliers and power and when the Americans began the settlement of this country PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 201 the Menominee lands embraced the tract between lakes Michigan and Winnebago, the Lower Fox coiintr}' and the Wolf and its tributaries. Tlie French intermarried with tiieni. Tiiat great ''good Indian," Tomah, was their chief about seventy or eiglity years ago. The Menomonees became partly civilized at an early period in their known liistory, through the Cliristianizing 'influence of missiona- ries and intimate association with the French. The Winnebagoes and Menomonees were the only Indian tribes holding possession of this terri- tory when white settlements began, al)out sixty years ago. They gave some attention to the cul- vation of Indian corn, but derived tlieir principal subsistence from fishing and hunting. They cher- ished a friendly disposition toward the whites, whom they annoyed only by desultory stealing ana persistent mendicancy. Considerable jealousy existed between the two tribes and a rivalry sprang up as to which should liold the highest place io the esteem of the whites. It is said that, when on a begging excursion, the Winnebago would ap- proach the settlers witli the utmost assurance, often saying: "Me Winnebago — good Indian. Me- nomonee bad — lie steal from white brother." The Menoraonee possessed equal self-complaisance, often declaring : " Mc good Indian — .Menomonee. Winnebago bad — he steal. Menomonee ask his white brother when he want provisions. " During the early territorial days of Wisconsin, the Gov- ernment had arranged to supply the Indians with provisions, and a trading post was established on the Bellefontaine farm, in tiie town of Kingston, Green Lake Count}', and Poquette, a half-breed, was appointed to take charge of the post because of his thorough familiarity with the Indians and their ways. " It was decided," says one historian, •• that the head of each family should receive two bushels of shelled corn, and to provide against is- suing to an}' one Indian double rations, Poquette was stationed to keep watch of the Indians as they procured their sacks. The half-breed is said to have been a powerful man, possessing the strength of a giant. One of the Indians had succeeded in securing the second sack of corn and had proceeded with it some twenty yards before Poquette discov- ered the trick. He made no attempt to bring the Indian back, but quietly picked up another sack of corn and hurled it with all his force, striking the Indian on the head, knocking him senseless." Big Soldier, a chief, who made his home in the town of Brooklyn, Green Lake County, near Green Lake, was prominent among the Winnebagoes. He is described as a man of much intelligence, and it is said that he displayed great bravery during the Black Hawk War, rendering the United States sol- diers valuable assistance, for which he was awarded a silver medal by the Government. This medal Big Soldier was very proud of, wearing it sus- pended to a string of beads which encircled his neck. Some few of his tribe lingered long in the country and twice a year regularly visited a rela- tive of the chief's who had the medal in liis pos- session, who showed them with much, pride the relic left by tlie brave old warrior. In Marquette County the Indians found a home on Buffalo Lake. At an early day this widening of the Fox river, extending for over fourteen miles tlirough this county, abounded in fish and was a favorite resort for ducks. The facility with which food could be obtained induced the indolent savage to pitch his wigwam here and less than forty years ago hundreds of Winnebagoes and Menomonees fared sump- tuously on the wild rice and game of the region. Many Indian graves are still distinguishal)le in both counties by their decaying palings. The pioneers of forty years ago remember the burial scenes and dance orgies of the tribes which were the final ab- original occupants of the territory. Some few of them owned land and cultivated small patches of corn and other vegetables, and, as is characteristic of their race, they adhered to the inclinations with which nature had endowed them, refusing to imi- tate the whites in any of the ideas of advanced civilization and leaving their women to perform all of the arduous labor incident to tlicir primitive mode of life. About a mile nortlieast of the now city of Ber- lin was, years gone by. an Indian dancing ground — a handsome plat surrounded by high lands ex- cept to the nr-.rtlieast. "Here," s.ays Giliespy, "since the settlement of the white man, took place an exciting occurrence. At that time tlie settlers believed it was the intention of the Indians to 202 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. massacre the inhabitants ; they bad assembled for a grand powwow in very large numbers. As the gatliering had been going on for some number of days, it naturally raised an excitement with the few settlers as to wiiat could be the intent of such a numerous collection. Being unacquainted with tlie customary rites held, no doubt, from year to year at this favorite spot, they took this festivity as a gathering preparatory to a savage outbreak and warfare. Rifles were brought forth, old fowl- ing pieces — in fact, the people armed themselves as far as thej' were able and for some three or four days were in a state of anxiety that only those can sympathize with who have had anj' experience with the subtlety and secrecy with which the sav- age hides his purpose till ready for the conflict, when with the yells of demons and shouts of mur- derous purpose he falls upon defenceless settle- ments; but this gathering had no such bloody purpose — a grand joUiflcation was the intent and they had it. Whisky, as much beloved by the savage as by the white man, gave life if not enjoy- ment to their carousal. How they had obtained it was a gre.it mystery ; but like all other cute oper- ations it finally leaked out that what had evidently been the cause of arousing the fears of the white men in seemg so many kegs of powder being car- ried toward the meeting was no more or less than whisky i)ut up in powder kegs to escape the vigi- lance of the whites. Whether this sagacious ruse was the ingenuity of the Indians or the reckless disregard of the white man for the laws of the land has nevei' yet come to light." It is probable that there are few places in the State where the memorials of ancient warfare and Indian customs are more numerous and striking than in the vicinity of the village of Dartford. One of the terms of the treaty of August 3, 1796, was the relinquishment of title by the Government to all Indian lauds northward of the Ohio River, eastward of the Mississippi, westward and south- ward of the great lakes, and the waters united by them, excepting certain reservations. The title to the whole of what is now Wisconsin, subject to certain restrictions, became absolute in the Indian tribes inliabiting it. The Indians acknowledged themselves under the dominion of the United States, and pledged themselves to sell their lands only to the United States. Settlement on their land was prohibited by white men. The several treaties with the Indians l)y which the domain of Wisconsin was transferred to the Government are cited here: The treaty m.ade at St. Louis, Nov. 3, 1804. between the Sacs and Foxes, and the United States — William Henry Harrison. Commissioner — ceded a large tract both east and west of the Mississippi, and included the lead re- gion of Wisconsin. The validity of this treaty was questioned by certain Sac bands, and became the cause of the Black Hawk War in 1832. The treaty at Portage dcs Sioux, now St. Charles, Mo., be- tween certain Sacs and the Government. Sept. 13, 1815; that of Sept. 14, 1815, b}- certain Foxes; and that of May 13, 1816, at St. Louis, were pledges of pe.ace not affecting land titles, excepting those in- volved in the treaty of 1804. The Winnebagocs of the Wisconsin River, signed a treat}' at St. Louis, June 3. 1816, confirming all previous In- dian cessions, and affirming their own indepen- dence. This act was followed by the Menomonees, March 30, 1817. Aug. 19, 182.5, the several tribes in Wisconsin defined the boundaries of their re- spective lands b}' council at Prairie du Chicn. The Chippewas held a meeting on the St. Louis River. Minnesota. Aug. 5, 182G, and specified their bound- aries, and also ratified previous treaties. The Chip- pewas, Menomonees and Winnebagocs, again de- fined their boundary by council, at Butto des Morts, Aug. 1. 1827. The treaties of Aug. 25. 1828, at Green Bay. and July 2^, 1829, at Prairie du Chien, determined disputed points in the lead mine ces- sion. An important treaty w;us made at Green Bay, Feb. 8, 1831, between the Menomonees and the United States. The vast territory-, the eastern division of which was boundeil by the Milwaukee River, the shore of Lake Michigan, Green B.ay. the Fox River, and Lake Winnebago; the western division by the Wisconsin and Chippewa Rivers on the west, on the north by the Fox River, on the east by Green Bay, and on the north by the highlands through which flow the streams into Lake Superior, all came within the range of this treaty. The east- ern division, estimated .at 2.500.000 acres, w.as ceded PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 203 to the I'nited States. The tribe was to occupy a large tract l3-ing north of Fox River, ancT east of AVolf River. Their territory- furtiier west was reserved for their hunting grounds until such time as the Government should desire to purchase it. Another portion, announting to 4,000,000 acres, ly- ing between Green Bay on the east, and AVolf River on the west, was also ceded to the United States, besides a strip of country three miles wide from near the portage of the Wisconsin and Fox Rivers north on each side of the Wisconsin River, and forty-eight miles long — still leaving the tribe in possession of a country about 120 miles long, and eighty broad. The treaty provided for two New York tribes, granting them two townships on the east side of Lake Winnebago. The treaty of Sept. 15, 1832, at Ft. Armstrong, ceded all the AVinnebago Territory lying south and east of the AVisconsin and Fox Rivers, and Green Bay. The Indians were excluded from that tract after June 1, 1833. The treaty of Oct. 27, 1832. at Green Bay, ceded to the New York Indians certain lands on Fox River. The treaty at Chicago, Sept. 26, 1833, with the Chippewas. Ottawas and Pottawatomies, complete(! tlie United States title to tiie lands in Southern AA'isconsin. On Sept. 3, 1836. the Meuomonees ceded lands west of Green Bay, and on the Upper AA^isconsin — aggregating 4,18.5,000 acres. July 29, 1837, at Ft. Snelling, the Chippewas ceded all of their lands lying south of the divide between Lake Superior and the Mississippi. AA'^hile on a visit to AA'ashing- ton, Sept. 29, 1837, the Sioux nation of the Missis- sippi, relinquished their claim to all their lands ea.st of the Mississippi and the Islands in that river. The AVinnebagoes, Nov. 1, 1837, at AYashington, gave up their rights to lands east of the Mississippi, and agreed to retire to their reservation west of that river, within eight months. Feb. 3, 1838, at AA^ashington, the Oneidas or New York Indians, at Green Bay, ceded the lands granted them in 1831- 32, excepting 62,000 acres. Sept. 3, 1839, the Stockbridge and Munsee tribes of New Y'ork In- dians ceded the east lialf of the tract of 40,080 acres which had been laid off for their use on tiie east side of Lake AA'innebago. By treaty at La Pointe, Oct. 4, 1842, the Chippewas ceded all their lands in Northern and Northwestern AA'isconsin. The Menomonees ceded all lands in the State, wherever situated, Oct. 18, 1848. Six days later a supplementary treaty was made with the Stock- bridges, by which they were to sell the town of land on the east side of Lake AVinnebago. By an- other supplementary treaty May 12, 1854, this tribe received townships 28. 29, and 30, of ranges 13, 14. 15, and 16, lying on the Wolf River. The Chippe- was of Lake Superior ceded their joint interest with j the Chippewas of the Mississippi in lands in AVis- consin and Minnesota Sept. 30, 1854. Feb. 5, 1856, small grants were made by the Stockbridge j and Munsee tribes, at Stockbridge. for which they received two townsiiips ceded for them by the Menomonees. Thus ended the Indian title to all lands in AVisconsin, excepting some minor local grants, and the title to the last domain became vested in the general Government. Meantime, Oct. 18, 1848, the Government obtained the Indian title to all of the lands claimed by the Menomonees within the State of AVisconsin. This treaty was male at Lake Poygan, and the purchase included the tract lying north and west of the Fox River between the AA''olf and AVisconsin Rivers, including nearly all of AVaushara County, much of Marquette County, and some of Green Lake County, long known as "the Indian Land." In return the In- dians accepted a grant of land previously ceded by the Chippewas of the Mississippi and Lake Superior and bj' the Pillogu band of Chippewas. It was stipulated in the treaty that the Indians might re- main on '-the Indian lands" for two years, or until notified by the Government that the lands were wanted. In the fall of 1852 they were so notified, and removed to AA^oIf River, their principal village being at Kesheua. whence they intended soon to remove to the Chippewa country, to which they held the title. Hence the first settlers on "the In- dian Lands" were only squatters, with no legal title, and the settlement and development of that partt f these three counties emliraced within their borde s was considerably later than on the other side of tl c Fox, 204 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ■ W^^'Ci'^^' t..f»j^.t..f.AA.t..-K.-^ -• ^'^ ^Ht^^^'I hi ti let of country from ' 'ucli Wisconsin was taken ms first claimed by the I itnih, wlio cxercisert pro- tictonte power over it un- close of tiie French Indi m war, after whicli, by tlic lieat\ of Paris in 1763, it went foimally and absolutely to ("leat Biitain. It became a part of the I'nited States terri- toij at the close of the Revolu- tionary war. by the treaty of 1783, confiiincd by li)e treaty of 1795. In the meantime Virginia and otlier States ceded to tlie Govern- ment their claims to the territory northwest of the Ohio River, and Congress, by tlie "Ordinance of 1787," provided for its govern- ment. It was en.acted that there should be neither slavery nor in- i voluntary servitude in the terri- tory and that there should be formed from its lim- its, as its population should justify, not less than three nor more than five States. Nearly all of what is now Wisconsin, was includ- ed in Indiana Territory-, which was organized in 1800; then in Illinois Territory, organized in 180it; and in 1818, when Illinois was admitted to the Union as a State of Michigan. In 1823, AVisconsin it was attached to the Territory made part of a separate judicial circuit, and in 1836, w.as organized as a Territory, with Henry Dodge as Governor. The first Legislature met at Belmont, now in La Fayette County, Oct. 25. 1836, the second at Burlington, now in Iowa, Nov. 6, 1837. The seat of govern- ment was permanently located at Madison in 1836, and the Legislature first convened there Nov. 26, 1838. The Territorial Governors were: Henry Dodge, July 4. 1836, to Oct. 5. 1841; James Duane Doty, Oct. 5. 1841, to Sept. 16, 1844: Natlianiel P. Tallmadge, Sept. 16, 1844. to May 13, 1845 ; Henry Dodge, May 13, 1845. to June 7, 1848. In April, 1846, the people voted for a State gov- ernment. On the 16th of December, a constitu- lion was adopted in convention, which was re- jected by a vote of the people. Feb. 4, 1848, a second constitution was adopted in convention. It w.as ratified by the people March 13, following, and May 29, Wisconsin became a State of the Union, being the seventeenth .-idniitted and the thir- tieth in the list of States. Under the State organi- zation the following named Governors have served during the periods designated: Nelson Dewey, June 7, 1848 to Jan. 5, 1852; Leonard J. Karwell, Jan. 5, 1852, to Jan. 2, 1854; William A. Barstow, Jan. 2, 1854. to March 21, 1856; Arthur McArthur, March 21,1856, to March 25, 1855; Coles Bashford. March 25, 1856. to Jan. 4, 1858; Alexander W. Randall, Jan. 4, 1858, to Jan. G. 1862; Louis P. Harvey, Jan. 6, 1862. to April 19, 1862; Kdward Salomon, April 19, 1 862, to Jan. 4, 1 864; James T. Lewis, Jan. 4. 1861, to Jan 1, 1866; Lucius Fairchild. Jan. 1, 1866, to Jan. 1, 1872; PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 205 C. C. Washburn, Jan. 1, 1872, to Jan. 5, 1874; William R. Taylor, Jan. 5, 1874, to Jan. 3, 1876; Harrison Ludington, Jan. 3, 1876, to Jan. 7, 1878; William E. Sraitb, .Jan. 7, 1878, to Jan. 2, 1882; Jeremiah M. Rusk, .Jan. 2, 1882, to Jan. 7, 1889; William D. Hoard, Jan. 7. 1881), ( present incum- bent.) Wisconsin Territory originally embr.iced the area of Wisconsin, Iowa, JMinnesota and part of D.akota. The counties were Brown, Milwaukee, Iowa, Crawford, Dubuque, and Des Moines, with a portion of Chippewa Michilimackinac. The four last mentioned were set off in the partition of Iowa and Michigan. At the first session of the Legisla- ture the counties of Walworth, Racine, Jefferson, Dane, Portage, Dodge, Washington, Sheboygan, Fond du Lac, Calumet, Manitowoc, Marquette, Rock, Green and Grant, were bounded and estab- lished. The other counties of the State have been created from time to time as the advance of civil- ization and the convenience of citizens have de- manded. In 1818, when Illinois was admitted into the Union as a State, and Wisconsin was attached to the Territory of Michigan, Governor Cass issued a proclamation organizing Brown County. Its ter- ritory then extended as far south as the Illinois line, as far east as Lake Michigan, and as far west as the Wisconsin River and Ft. Winnebago. In 1836, eleven townships belonging to the southern tier were detached to form Milwaukee County. Wisconsin became a territory in this year, and Brown County lost that portion of her original possession north of the Menomonee River and gained the remainder of the eastern peninsula. By Territorial Act, December 7, of that year, Portage, Marquette, Calumet, Fond du Lac, Manitowoc, Sheboygan and portions of Washington and Dodge Counties were set off. In 1837 and 1838, four eastern townships were taken by Portage County. In 1849 and 1850, Brown County contributed fur- ther to Portage, Marquette and Manitowoc. In 1851, Oconto, Outagamie, Door and Waupaca Counties were organized from her original terri- tory; in 1852, Kewaunee, in 1853, Ozaukee and Shawano. It was not until the latter year that her present limits were reached. Snch, presented in a somewhat fragmentary manner, is the history of the parent of the counties treated of in these pages. Marquette County was formed from Brown by an act of the Territorial Legislature of Wisconsin, approved Dec. 7, 1836. It embraced twenty-one townships, including a portion of the present limits of the county. The county seat was established at the village of Marquette and the county was at- tached to Brown for judicial purposes. By an act approved Jan. 22, 1844, to take effect the 1st of March, the county of Marquette was organized for county purposes. It was organized for judicial purposes in 1848. and made part of the Third Dis- trict. The boundaries of the county were enlarged in 1849 by the addition of thirty-five townships, including most of the pi'esent Marquette and Waushara Counties witli a small part of Green Lake County. As at present constituted, this county contains twelve full and two fractional townships, embracing 266,442 acres. Waushara County was organized by an act of Leg- islature approved Feb. 15, 1851. It was organized into one town, bearing the same name as the county, and the county seat was temporaril}' located at Sacramento. It was attached to Marquette for ju- dicial purposes. In 1852, the county was organ- ized for judicial purposes and in September, 1854, the county seat was removed to AVautoma. There has been but one change in the boundary of the county, and by that two sections — one containing the old county seat, Sacramento — were made apart of Green Lake County. Waushara compiises eight- een townships and has an area of 414,000 acres. The last division of Marquette County was in 1858, whereby Green Lake County was detached. This was effected under an act of Legislature ap- proved May 12, that year. The county seat was originally located at Berlin. After several remov- als, it was finally located at Dartford in 1866. The county comprises ten towns and 247,658 acres of land. COUNTY OFFItERS. MARQUETTE. The following have served Marquette Couiily 206 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. in the offices designated. The records are in such sliape that the County Clerk could render little as- sistance in the preparation of this list, and we are indebted for it to tlic memories of Hon. John Barry and others. Sheriffs. — Thomas Xo3'es, 1851-52; James C. Potter, 1853-54; E. R. Stevens, 1855 56; Jolin W. Carhart, 1857-58; A. P. Life, 1859-60; Milton Tif- fany, 1860-61; James Graiiam, 1863 64 ; J. J. Shi- bely. 1865-66.; S. Fallis, 1867-68; Neil Diamond, 1869-70; John Stimson. 1871-72; William AVarm- bier, 1873-74, August Leok, 1875-76; Sam. W. Stimson, 1877-78; Philo Lockey. 1879- F. A • I Hotchkiss, 1881-82; Tlioma-i O'Connor, 1883-84; P. Croarken, 1885-86; Thonins O'Connor, 1887-88; [ L. S. Guptil, 1889-90. County Clerks. — Sat. Clark, Jr., 1845; E. A. Wilder, 1846; E. B. Smith. 1848; George A. Pom- eroy, 1848. David R. Shailer, 1840; S. M. Wol- ! cott, 1850; AV. H. Butterfield, 1851; John S. i Wood, 1852; L. R. Davis, 1855; D. R. French, j 1857; Samuel McCrocken, 1858; Caleb F. Fuller, I Richard Drew, A. II. German, M. G. Ellison, C. F. ' Roskie and P. Croarken, the present incumbent. \ Members of Assembly: — Neil Diamond, D. De- vane}', Samuel Tanner, Francis Russell, B. F. 1 Goodell, Samuel Crockett, Robert Cochran. S. A. Pease, W. H. Peters, William Murphy, J. W. Murpliy, C. F. Ruskie, J. W. Perkins, the present i representative. Begisters of Denis. — Henry C. Jewell, 1845; I F. P. Catlin, 1846; W. G. Markham, 1847; Paul D. Naynard, 1848; Isaac H. Coraslock, 1851; J. E. Millard, 1853; G. De WittEUwood, 1857; Lorenzo Padgham. 1860; E. B. Chapman, 1862; Michael P'innegan. 1867. John B.arry, 1869; C. H.Pierce, 1873; J. F. Weseloh, first elected in 1884 .and still i in office. J Treasurers. — James C. Potter, 1855; S. A. Pease, j 1858; S. R. Rood, 1859; H. P. Lipe, 1861; John I Maxwell, 1863; Mark Derham, 1867; .S. F.aliis, 1873; C. F. Roskie, 1877; C. Tag.alz. 1881; M. G. Ellison, 1889, now serving. Clerks of the Circuit Court. — West Johnson, 1851-52; D. Devany, 1853-56; John Townley, G. W. Robinson. John Maxwell, John Barry. 1877- , 78; J. J. Wall, 1879-82; F. J. Dodge, 1883 to present time. County Juflyes.—W. H. Peters, S. R. Rood. II. S. Thomas, Neil Diamond. Green Lake. Sheriffs.— AUrcd W. Brown. 1859-60; Willis Gardner, 1861-62; Isaac W. Morris, 1863-64; S. I). Oliu, 1865-66; Samuel Messervy, 1867-68; James A. Biggert, 1869-70; F. W. Cooke, 1871- 72; D. A. Ostrom, 1873-74; Samuel J. Ellis, Sr., 1875-76; D. M. Green, 1877-78; E. C. Miller, 1879-80; S. J. Ellis, Sr., 1881-82; F. W. Cooke, 1883-84; E. C. Smith, 1885-86; Delos Morris, 1887-88; F. S. Merrill, 1889-90. Register of Deeds.— De Witt G. EUwood, 1858; Clark A. Millard, 1865; Henry B. Lowe, 1867; Ziba C. Hamilton, 1889. and now in office. Treasurer.— C. M. Phelps, 1859; Henry Thomas, 1869; Clark A. Millard, 1872; Homer Nelson, 1873: GustaveTcske, 1876; W. I. Sherwood, 1880; Richard Miller, 1882; W. I. Sherwood, 1884; T. W. Miller, 1886; W. I. Sherwood, present incum- bent, 1888. Members of Assembly. — (Partial Lisi) — Homer Nelson, 1876; 0. W. Bow, 1877; S. Barter, 1878; Richard Pritchard, 1879; William Paddock, 1880; O. W. Bow, 1882; L.J. Brayton, 1884; Charles McConnell, 1886; E. C. Smith, 1888, present representative. County Clerks. — Chase L. Sargent, 1859; 0. P. Carman, 1871; O. F. Silver, 1873; H. S. Comstock, 1876; H. S. Hunt, 1878; J. A. McDowell, 1882; Alvin Clark, 1881; Sam. Scholes, (present clerk) 1888. County Judges. — (since 1862) — Franklin B. Hall, 1862; A. H. Mjers, 1870: Thom.as C. Ryan, 1874; J. E. Millard, (present judge) 1878. Clerks of the Circuit Court.— J. C. Catlin, 1858; T. C. Comstock, 1859-60; A. Long, 1861-66; O. N. Russell, 1867-70: A. P. Carman, 1871-74; Scott P. Rogers, 1875-76; J. Volney Swetting, 1877-80; E. A. Dunlap. 1881-84: J. Volney Swet- ting, 1885-88; D. P. Blackstone. 1889-90. Tlie records do not afford a full list of the county officials of this county, and many names and dates have been supplied by Judge J. E. Millard and other old oflicials. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 207 WAUSHARA. The following lists of officers are as complete as they can be given from meager records and the recollection of old citizens, and it is believed to be pretty nearly correct, though for obvious reasons, it has been thought best not to give dates. The first election occured in 1851. Sheriffs.- -Vernon P>1 wards, Alva Nash, George W. Smith, F. W. Warner, F. Coggswell, W. W. Beach, P. A. Porter, N. W. Milliken, Thomas Fearne, Ira P. Coon, C. A. Davenport, F. L. Berray, and Peter Mitchell, now in office. DistrictAUorneys. — George Babcock, A. B. Hol- man, B. A. Cady, L. L. Soule, R. L. D. Porter, T. H. Walker, the present incumbent. County Clerks. — Joseph Garland, A. B. No^-es, Asa B. Swain, C. H. Stowers, George Sexton, and John Clark, now serving. County Judges. — Thomas H. Walker, William C. Webb, James Horford, John Hall, N. L. Gill, D. L. Bunn and J. S. Biigh, the present judge. Treasurers. — James Saunders, Palmer Daniels, G. H. Gill, John Hall, John A. AVilliaras, N. W. Milliken. J. B. Mitchell, A. S. Mclntyre, E. E. Terrill and .1. E. Tilton, now in office. Recorders of Deeds.— J. S. Bugh, S. R. Clark, B. S. Williams, J. J. Hawley, Gilbert Tennant, and Halbert Hanson, present incumbent. Circuit ClerJcs.— Allen Boardman, G. H. Gill, N. W. Milliken, H. H. Olson, A. S. Rogers, William Jeffers, B. S. Williams, J. N. P. Bird and E. R. Humphrey, now serving. Members of Assembly. -—William T. Chipman, Charles White, George Hawley, W. M. C. Webb, S. Bardwell, J. K. Walker, C. H. Stowers, H. S. Sacket, J. N. P. Bird, John H. Thomas, N. W. Milliken, Oscar Babcock, J. S. Bugh. C. W. Moors, S. R.Clark and W. B. Laselle, present representative. In these lists, where persons have held office for two or more terms, their names are mentioned but once. State Senators. The following residents of these counties have been elected to the Senate of the State of Wisconsin : Green Lake.— James Field. DeWitt C. EUwood, Waldo S. Flint, George D. Waring, H. S. Sacket, George Fitch. Marquette.— C. S. Kelsey, L. E. Pond. Waushara. — James F. Wiley, R. L. D. Porter, H. G. Webb, A. M. Kimball. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. W: EAliUi HISTukY. II iiiipoi tance of the part I W\ ed by the Fox-AViscon- i 111 River route, in the dis- /J L \tn exploration, settle- ment and developement of llu luge extent of country, of «lncli Gieen Lake and Mar- (iRtte Counties is a part, is so ol)\ loub to every student of the hi'toi> of this section, that Its claims lequire no advocacy in these pages. Cham plain's map of 1632 is a fair outline of lakes Huron and .Superior and the Sault ' .Ste. Marie; while the general fea- tures of the Fox-Wisconsin water-course are also given, although, of course, from hears.ay, and l)laced north of Lake Superior instead of south of it. Two years later (1G34; Jean Nicolet explored the country from Lake Michigan for a considerable distance up the Fox Hiver. Radisson and Groseil- liers, two French fur traders, visited the Green Bay region, and wintered among the Potlawattomies in 1C58; and in the spring of 16.5'.) they spent four months in explorations along Wisconsin streams, and it is thought they descended the Wisconsin River and saw the Mississippi. In 1670, Father Allouez made a voyage up the Fox River to Green Lake County's present limits. Three years later Fathers Marquette and .loliet visited this section and ago Lake, wore such stations, being PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 209 supplied from Green Bay ; but. at Butte des Morts, the Portage and Prairie du Chien the traders lived all the year round. As a rule, however, the Indian trade was conducted in the wilderness witli but temporary- quarters and but little care for perma- nent locations, although some of tiie operators had a preference for familiar districts. Barter was at that time the only form of exchange in the frontier trade — money was never used — and the Indians had become quite shrewd in bartering for those products of civilization which had grown to be a necessity of their being. From the narrative of Morgan L. Martin, pub- lished in the Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin (vol. XI.) the following para- giaphs of interest in this connection are extracted: "In 1828, I went upon a canoe voyage from Green B.iy to Prairie du Chieu up the Fox and down tlie Wisconsin Rivers. I was in company with Judge James Duane Doty, his marsiial, Thomas Rowland, and the deputy marshal, William Mel- drum — all of Detroit, except myself. The year before had occurred the Winnebago outbreak at Prairie du Chien, and the murderers, Red Bird and his friends, were now to be tried at a special term of court. Judge Doty had appointed me United States District Attorney, pro (em., hence my pres- ence with the judicial party. Our conveyance was a large bircli-bark canoe, manned b}' four voya- geurs, picked up at the Bay; and our time of leav- ing, the 1st of August. "At Kaukauna Rapids we found Augustin Grig- non. The Menomonees had a planting ground on the south side of the stream, but there was no vil- lage there. On Doty's Island, vei-y near the mouth, on the west channel was the village of Hooschope, or Four Legs, the well-known Winnebago chieftain. There were from 150 to "200 lodges covered with bark or mats. We found Four Legs a very ordi- nary-looking Indian, and only stopped at his town for a few minutes while the voyageurs were taking our craft over the Winnebago Rapids. Garlic Island was the next stopping-place. There was a Winnebago village there of about the same size as that over which Four Legs presided. The lodges, however, were larger and neater. We purchased a supply of vegetables of the Island villagers. '•At Butte des Morts was a large village of the Menomonees. Their chief, I think, was Oshkosh. It was difficult — impossible, in fact — to correctly estimate the population of these villages we passed on our way, for the females and the children of both sexes were exceedingly shy, and kept out of view. Pierre Poquette was at the Portage, and helped us across with one of his teams. Poquette's log house was on the west bank of the Fox. Francis LeRoy lived in the neighborhood, on the opposite shore, near where Ft. Winnebago was afterward es- tablished. We were entertained at Poquette's, going and coming on our tour. The next Indian com- munity was on the Wisconsin River, possibly where Prairie du Sac now is. We could see a few lodges near the steep bank, but not the entire village, for we did not stop. "The settlement of Prairie du Chieu consisted of but a dozen or twenty houses. The' principal man was Joseph Rolette, the fur trader. At the house of another trader, John B. Brunet, we found entertainment after the fashion of the country. I remember that there was a French sewing-woman at this quasi hotel who had escaped from the Red Bird massacre; her daughter, a little girl of five or six, was going minus her scalp, and was shown to us as one of the curiosities of the place. On arriving at the Prairie, I met Lucius Lyon, then a United States surveyor and afterward United States Sena- ator from Michigan, who had just completed his survey of the private French land claims there. Having found, on reaching the end of my canoe trip, that President Adams had appointed John Scott, the Congressman from Missouri, as Prose- cuting Attorney, and that my services in the Red Bird ease were not needed after all, Lyon and I planned for a tour through the lead mines. I had known Lyon in Detroit; and in the spring of 1828 he had passed through Green B.ay in his canoe en route to Prairie du Chien. There were no maps of this county then; but Lyon had a small pocket com- pass with him, and took the courses and distances of the Fox-Wisconsin route and made the first ap- proximately correct map of that water highway; later, on my return from Galena to Prairie du Chien, I did the same for the Mississippi; we then put our notes together, and gave the result to a 210 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. prominent Eastern map-maker, who adopted it as part of the geographj- of the country. It was pub- lished in 1829. or 1830, and wa.s the first real map of the country between Green Bay and Galena. I was much gratified, afterward, to see that later official surveys of the Mississippi corresponded ex actly with mine. Later Explorations by ^Vater and Land. Messrs. Martin and Lyon went down the Missis- sippi, and visited Galena and vicinity. "After our inspection of the mining country," Martin continues, "we returned home from Galena the way we had come — via Prairie du Chien and Portage. On the Fox River, at about Buttes des Morts, we met Major David E. Twiggs, with three companies of soldiers in boats, on their w.ay to establish a garrison at Ft. Winnebago. Jef- ferson Davis, just graduated from West Point, was one of his lieutenants. Both parties stopped, and we had some conversation. All of us knew Twiggs, who bore a bad character. He had a private named William Prestige in his boat securely chained ; this Prestige, exasperated by brutal treatment, had attempted to take Twigg's life, and the latter, by way of revenge, kept him in irons, and under the harshest treatment allowable b}' the code until his term of enlistment expired in the year following. "The jurisdiction of Michigan extended west of the Mississippi, and, with the exception of the two trading-posts at Green Bay and Prairie du Ciiien, was exclusively an Indian country west of Lake Michigan. Hostile tribes wandered over it at will, casting an evil eye upon .nny encroachments upon their extensive and beautiful domain. The Red Bird AVar culminated in opening theminer.il region west of Blue Mounds to miners ni search of its hidden treasures. East of that landmark was an unexplored wilderness. Having now visited the mining country, I had a natural desire to extend my explorations through the remainder of the ter- ritory now known as Wisconsin. "Judge Doty and I — in company witli Wist- weaw (Blacksmith), a ]Menonionee Indian, and .\lexander (irignon. a young half-blood Menomo- nee, as helpers — left Green Bay on iiorseback, in the spring of 1829, and traversed the region hitherto little known south of the Fox and AVis- consin rivers. We were the first part}-, so far as I can ascertain, to make the trip by land between the extreme outposts of this section, Green Bay and I'aairie du Chien. Proceeding along the summit of the high ridge which hems in Lake Winnebago on the east — the line afterward adopted for the Government road — we headed for Fond du Lac. At Calumet, on the way. we saw a small Meno- moiice village, resting on the lake shore, but did not go down to it, keeping steadily on our way along the ridge and through the prairie which lies to the east of the 1- ke. At Fond du Lac there was a Winnebago village, but we crossed the river without visiting the savages, for whose company we were not over anxious. Wistweaw, however, was sent back there to engage a guide to pilot us to the Four Lake Country. Tiiese lakes, to- gether with the Green and Fox Lakes, were land- marks more or less familiar in name to the old traders through their employes engaged in collect- ing furs from the Indian villages of the interior. But no white man, it maj' be confidently stated, had ever yet visited the countr3- with the view of ascertaining its adaptabilit3^ for becoming the abode of civilized life. There was then scarce an open- ing in the forest west of Detroit. " After some waiting our Menomoiiee returned in company with a Winnebago mounted on a scrubby pony, who volunteered to show iks the way across the country. The guide did very well for five or six miles, then pushed ahead for a mile or two and flung himself on the gmss. When we had caught up. we .asked him to remount and go ahead; but he made no sign of moving and sulkily exclaimed, 'that he had never been the slave of a white man and never would be.' He was finall3' induced to put us on the trail for Lake Horicon, and then, giving the lash to his pony, started back to his vili.age on a lope. Lake Horicon we found to be only a marsh. At its head there w.os a clus- ter of Winnebago wigwams. The Indians there essayed to put us on the trail to Four Lakes, but we brought out at the Green Lake Prairie, where we struck another village of the Wiunebagos. To seek information there was impossible, for the women and children hid themselves and the bucks PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. were assembled in their long medicine lodge gam- bllng-, and would pay no attention to us whatever." Thus left to their own resources, tlie part}' set off due south across the prairie, until, to tlieir great joy, they found a deep cut trail which they fol- lowed until it brought thera into the woods east of the Four Lake country. This section embraced the site of Madison, but no one, at that early period could have thought of establishing there the capitol of a great State. They crossed the out- let between the Second and Third lakes, and pro- ceeding westward, justsoutli of Blue Mound, they followed the road from Sugar River to McCrary's Furnace, a few miles southwest of the mound. Tlierc tbey met the first whites they had seen since leav- ing Green Ba_y. From McCrary's they went on to Dodgeville, where they paused for the nigiit, and the next day they crossed the level country to Prairie du Chien. Returning, the}' followed a sligiitly different course. Arriving at Fort Winne- bago, they crossed over to tlie south bank of the Fox. At Butte des Morts tiiey were ferried over, their horses swimming behind, and proceeded along the west bank of Lake Winnebago and the lower Fox to Green Bay. They were the first white men who had attempted and accomplished the land journey from Gi'een Bay to the Mississippi — a jour- ney which, like that by water, was through what is now Green Lake and Marquette Counties, and which in going and coming consumed about two weeks' time. With its extensive oak openings and almost limitless prairies, tlie country through which they passed, after reaching a distance of thirty miles from Green Bay, was more charming than any they had ever beheld. It is not strange that a few years after witnessed its rapid settlement and improve- ments by hardy frontiersmen. Klvor Iiiipi-ovemeiits. More than sixty years ago the general attention of the pushing pioneers was called to the necessity of improving the navigation of the Fox and Wis- consin Rivers. Tbe wa}' was easy to a free com- munication with all tlip lake ports, and as it was certain that railroads would not reach this country for years to come there seemed only one way to open up the territory to the west and south of Green Baj- — that being to cut the portage of a little I more than a mile which separated the head waters of the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, and thus throw open the Mississippi A'alley to northern and north- eastern Wisconsin. To Morgan L. Martin belongs the credit of origin- ating the scheme of the improvement of the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, and to his arduous, protracted and almost unaided efforts is due the beginning of tlie work which he lived to see a reality and the route a national highway under government pro- tection. The idea was first suggested to his mind by the fact that in tbe year 1828 the 5th Regiment United States Infantry came to Ft. Howard on Durham boats, from Jefferson barracks, below St. Louis. Their baggage was loaded on the boats at that point and not unloaded before reaching here. The water at Portage happened to be high that year. In 1 829, soon after he came to Green Ba}', he called a meeting at his office to agitate that pi-o- ject. He has left the following account of his eflforts and tlieir fruition, in which additional facts are here interpolated: •' In October, 1829, the first public meeting in the history of Green Bay was held here. Louis Grignon was chairman, while I officiated as secre- tary. We petitioned Congress to build a road from the Bay to Chicago, and also to improve the Fox and AVisconsin Rivei-s. In 1830 a shot-tower com- pany was organized, composed principally of gen- tlemen living here and in Detroit, with one from Oswego. Tbe firm name was Daniel Whitney, Platte ct Co. They built a tower on tbe face of a cliff at Old Helena or Pine Bend, on tbe south bank of tbe Wisconsin River, twenty miles north- west of Blue Mound." The remains of this tower can still be seen, near the south end of tbe new Spring Green wagon bridge, which was erected in 1887. " Considerable shot was made here. Daniel Whitney was the superintendent and had a man named Greene working the concern for him. Greene was shot near the fort, at Blue Mound, in tbe Black Hawk War, in 1832. While I was a member of the Michigan territorial legislature, in session at De- troit, this same company got me to obtain a charter for them to build a canal between tbe Fox and Wisconsin Rivers. A ditch was dug across the 212 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. praii-ie. about on a line with llic old portage trail, farther down the Wisconsin than the present canal. But the trench was never filled with water except when the Wisconsin was high and proved to be of no use." > So earnest became the plea for the practical pros- ecution of such an enterprise, that Governor Dodge in his first message to the Territorial Legislature (1836) recommended that a memorial be sent to Congress asking for the means to carry on the sur- vey and improvement of the Fox River from its mouth to Fort Winnebago. In 1838 he also re- commended that the Legislature memorialize Con- gress for a grant of land to aid in the improvement of both the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers." The first movement by the General Government toward the improvement of the Fox-Wisconsin River highway was made in 1839 while I was in the Territorial council. Capt. Thomas J. Craur, of the topograph- ical engineers made under the direction of the War Department a preliminary survey of the rivers and an estimate of the cost of tlieir improvement." [In September, 1845, Mr. Martin was elected as a delegate to Congress as a special champion of the proposed measure.] " In 1816, while in Congress, I secured by dint of very liard work the passage of an act, approved August 8. makisig a grant of land to the State, upon its admission into the Union, lor the improvement of the Fox Kiver alone, and the building of a canal across the portage between the two rivers. The grant covered every odd num- bered section within three miles of the canal, the river and the lakes en route from the portage to the mouth. When the second Constitutional Con- vention was held, this proposition on the part of Congress was endorsed and at the first session of the State Legislature, the latter l)o. Story, and James B. Kstes." The State constitution forbidding the creation of debt, the expenditures of the board were confined to the proceeds of the land sales. '• By the year 1850, the board had used up .t11 the money they could raise by selling the land. They had, in fact, anticipated the sales and the affairs in their charge were in bad shape. On the 1st of January, 1851, the}- reported to the Legislature that the work would have to stop unless some device for more rapid sale of land could be originated. While the affair was in this condition. I made a proposition to the Legislature, through Governor Dewey, to do the work from Green Ba^- to Lake Winnebago, ex- cept what the board of public works had finished or was already under contract for. The board had dug the canal at Portage before there was any steam navigation possible on the lower Fox. One of the chief features of its misman.agement was that the board allowed itself to be influerced by members of the Legislature esch of whom wanted a portion of the money spent in his district without regard to the general need. My proposition was, in effect, that the State should not be held liable for expenses attending the completion of the improve- ment, but that the tolls and the sale of lands should supply the means to reimburse me. The Governor in his mess.ige to the Senate, said: 'It is believed that the proposition of Mr. Martin is a very favor- able one for the State and if accepted will ensure the final completion of this important work at a much earlier day than the .Stale can possibly accom- plish it in any other constitutional manner.' The Legislature of 1851 accepted my proposition and I went to work with about 500 men, commencing at Kaukauna. Operations were carried on through- out that season along the entire distance from Green Bay to Lake AVinncbago. By the terms of my contract, the Governor was to give me scrip to be paid from the sale of lauds and from the tolls on the work," according to the following proposition and provisions: "I propose to complete the whole work on or before the 1st day of May, 1853. the same to be accepted as fast as completed. The .vork to be paid for from the sales of land grantetoiies of these three .systems aie given, as showing the gradual ^_ de\elopment of the railwa}- in- ^ tcrpsts affecting these counties. i"' )Jyr>v'£V The Chicago. Milwaukee and *^ ^ St. Paul Railw,\v Company was organized Ma_\' 5. 18C.3. under the name of the Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Company, by the purchasers at foreclosure sale, April 25, 1863, of a portion of the La Crosse and Milwaukee Railroad. Subsequently itacquired by purch.asethe Milwaukee and Western, the ^lilwaukee and Horicon, and the Ripon and Wolf River Railroads and the eastern ous lines and the constru lion of sundry links. In addition to this, the company owned a majority in- terest in the Western Union Railroad. In the suc- ceeding years there was no considerable incre.ase of mile.agc until 1878, when it increased to 1539 miles. During the year 1879 the company acquired 535 miles of line by construction and pur- chase, of which 143 miles were in Dakota. A full title was acquired to tlie Western Union Railroad by an exchange of the 7 per cent, bonds of that companj' for an ctpial amount of tlie 6 per cent, bonds of the Chicago. Milwaukee and St. Paul Company. The Viroqua branch was com- pleted in September, 1879. The Davenport and Northwestern Railroad, of which 162 miles was completed and sixty miles graded, was purchased August 1. of the same year, and paid for by an issue of $1,750,000 of 5 per cent, bonds. In M.ay PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 219 of the same year, the Minnesota Southern Railway and the Minnesota extension were purcliased. In 1880 the compnny purchased the Hastings and Dakota extension, the Southern Minnesota Rail- way, the Chicago, Clinton, Dubuque and Min- nesota Railroad, the Wisconsin Valley Railroad, the Mineral Point Railroad, the Pine River Valley and Stevens Point Railroad, the Chicago and Pacific Railway and the Sioux City and Dakota Railroad. During the same 3'ear 350 miles of road was con- structed. During 1881 the company constructed branches in Illinois. Wisconsin, Dakota and Iowa, wiiich brouglit its mileage up to 4217 miles. In 1882 the mileage was increased to 1,520 miles. In 1883 the company purchased the line extending from Iron Ridge to Fond du Lac, and constructed other lines which inci'cased its mileage to 4,760 miles. In 1884 forty-four miles were constructed, including the branch from Fox Lake Junction to Fox Lake. Subsequent purchases and construction have brought the mileage up to .about 5,000 miles. It was on Aug. 8, 1857. that the first train of cars came into Berlin. This occa- sion was celebrated by a dinner and a dance. The road w,as incorporated and built under the name of the Milwaukee,and Horicon Railroad. The depot at Berlin was then on the flat near the Ripon road. It was not until six years later that the present depot w.as built and the road extended to near Huron Street. On Oct. 29, 1863, a passenger train for the first time ran down to the end of the track. A large concourse of the citizens of Berlin and the surrounding country had gathered to welcome the train, and those on board with music and bonfires, and as the train approached they sent up cheer after cheer, and the locomotive responded with its most piercing shriek. The branch from Brandon to Markcsan, with stations in C4rcen Lake County, at Utley and Markesan, opened five years ago, has done much toward the development of the country round about those town.s. The Wisconsin Central Railroad was chartered in 1853. The main line w.as opened in 1871. The Portage branch was constructed in 1875-76. In Marquette County there are stations at Packwau- kee. WestBeld and Crawford, and in Waushara Countv at C'oloma, Hancock and Plainfleld. It was completed to Ashland, Dec. 17, 1877. During 1880 the Wisconsin and Minnesota Railroad, an auxilliary line running from Abbottsford to Chip- pewa Falls, was opened. In 1884, a further exten- sion of this road from Chip|)ewa Falls to St. Paul was built under the corporate name of Minnesota, St. Croix and AVisconsin Railroad Company. On July 31, 1882, the company surrendered the lease of the Milwaukee & Northern Railroad. A new organization was formed to build the Blilwaukee & Lake Winnebago Railroad, which on its completion was leased in perpetuity to this company. The to- tal mileage of this road and its branches is about 829 miles. The first train of cars passed over the Portage branch to Stevens Point, Nov. 15, 1871, and W!is hailed by crowds at all intermediate sta- tions, including those mentioned above. The Pack- waukeeand Montelloline was completed and opened in 1882. It is leased to, and is practically owned by the Wisconsin Central Railroad Compan}'. This corporation has recenth^ been re-organized, and has entered into a favorable alliance with the Northern Pacific Company. The Chicago & Northwestern Railway Company operates the line running from Ripon. through Dartford to Princeton, Green Lake County. Feb. 12, 1851, the Illinois & Wisconsin Railroad Com- pany was chartered in Illinois, to construct a line of railroad from Chicago northwestwardly to the State line of AVisconsin, and on the 1 1th of March following, the Rock River Valley Union Railroad Comp.any was chartered in Wisconsin, to construct within that .State a continuation of the former line by way of Janesville to Fond du Lac, with power to extend northwestwardly from Janesville to a point on the Wisconsin line near St. Paul, and northwardly from Fond du Lac to the Michigan line. Of the line between Chicago and Fond du Lac, the Illinois and Wisconsin had completed the section to Cary and the Rock River Valley Union, the section from Fond du Lac to Minnesota Junc- tion (both opened in 1854), when, on the 31st of March, 1855, a consolidation of the two companies was effected under the corporate title of Chicago. St. Paul and Fond du Lac Railroad Company. In 1857, this company consolidated with itself under distinct acts the foUovving companies: Wisconsin A 220 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Superior, Marquette & State Line, and Ontonagon «fe State Line. By these several consolidations, the Chic.ngo, St. Paul & Fond du Lac Railroad Com- pany secured the land grants that were donated to the companies named, to aid in tlie construction of their respective roads. In the financial depression of 1857, the consolidated company became embar- rassed, and as a result, the consolidation with the Ontonagon & State Line Railroad Company was defefited. its lands reverting to the State of Michi- gan. Later in the same year, default was made in the p-iyment of interest on tiie Chicago, St. Paul (t Fond du Lac bonds, and under an agreement for the re-organizalion of the company, the road was sold under foreclosure. June 2, 1859, the Chicago & Northwestern Railway Corapan}', its successor, being organized .Tune G, 185!). Immediately fol- lowing the completion of its organization, the new company entered vigorously upon the work of ex- tending and completing its lines, and on Oct. 6, 1859, nin its first train over the completed road from Chicago to Oshkosh. In 1873, under the charter of the Northwestern Union Railroad Com- pany, the Chicago tt Northwestern Company built a line from Milwaukee to Fond du Lac, completing a new sliort line from Chicago to Fond du Lac and the mining di.striclsof Michigan. By previous and subsequent construction and consolidation, it has increased its mileage to about 4,000 miles in Wis- consin, Illinois, Michigan, Iowa, Minnesota and Dakota. The Sheboygan & Mississippi Railroad Companj- was incorporated March 8, 1852, and its books were opened for the subscription of stock, but the company was not organized until the fol- lowing year. At a meeting in Sheboygan, held for this purpose, April 5, 1853, .1. F. Kirkland w.as elected President, and M. J. Thomas, Secretary. Work was actuallj' begun on the construction of the road, June 4, 1856, by the contractors, Edward Appleton & Co. The road was completed to She- boygan Falls in January, 1859, to Plymouth, June 6th following, and to Glenbeulah. March 29. 1860. This was as far as the above-mentioned contract extended. The road suffered the fate of most new enterprises of this character, and after foreclosure of mortgage, the company was re-organized. The new organization was known as the Sheboygan d paddle up Fox river. Jlost of the wjiy we find low, marshy land extending along either bank interspersed with hei-e and there an occasional clump of o.sk openings and good banks. As far as w^e are al)le to judge from the views obtained as we glide along in our frail boat, we think them fine places for towns; still we see no other indication of human existence than now and then an Indian wigw.im guarded by miser.able-looking dogs. "On we travel for a distance of forty miles. wlie;i feeling somewhat wearied with our labor of paddling against the current of the river which in many places is quite rapid, we resolve that at the next good landing which presents itself we will disembark. We do so, and lo 1 a while man is in advance of us, for, as we turn a bend in the river, neariug the eastern bank we are surprised at be- holding a shanty reared among the oaken kings of the land and a fiat boat still loaded with lumber tied up here. " Let us approach the shanty and find out by whom it is occupied. We meet a white man, Nathan Strong by name. He is accompanied by Sffveral others whose names we do not learn, but as Mr. .Strong seems to be the leading spirit among them to him we will direct our inquiries. We learn that a few weeks previous to this (it is now the summer of 1846) he came from Kipon, or rather from Ceresco, through the woods and across the prairies, until he arrived at this s|)Ot, where ho conceived the idea of founding a town. He there- fore returned to Ceresci, interested a few others in the scheme and persu.ided them to .accompany him to Oshkosh. where he purch.ised the boat lojid of lumber which we have already seen. By their united efforts it was poled up the river to this place, and he now has a shanty of his own and another will soon be completed. The pl.ace is Strong's Land- ing. We will now leave them for a short time. '• On returning a little more than a year later, we find quite a village of board shanties and log cabins and the settlement hr.s .assumed the name of Strongville. It is now autumn, 1847. Let us note some advances. First we find a hotel known as the C. D. T.aylor House. It was on the stand now occupied by the Rossman or Davis House ; was a story and a half higli and contained several rooms of fair size. Next we observe several little places of business. A Dr. Sliumwa}- has his shingle out and Dan Shailer keeps a variety shop, under the head of Indian goods, among which were to be found groceries of various sorts, some cotton goods, blankets, beads, tobacco and whis- key. We were told that just previous to our return a citizen had brought a load fif the foul stuff to the new town and it was not now an uncommon thing to see the red man of the forest sprawling on the ground, overcome b}- the firewater which he h.ad drank. " On the northwest corner of what is now the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 227 eit3' park was a shanty used five and a half days out of the week for school purposes. The teacher was Miss Tryphena Bignall. On Sunday, in the same shanty, gathered such as were disposed to worship God and study the Bible. There were as yet no churches. This first Sunday-school was led by Mr. Bignall, the fatlier of the school teacher, who moved into town from a farm between Berlin and Ripon. '• The first frame erected for a house was the one opposite Guest's blacksmith shop, but it was not completed for some time. The first house finished up with windows, chimney, lath and plaster, in fact the first house in which the wind did not blow through crevices of some kind and in which an umbrella was not needed in case of a hard rain to protect the candle from going out, was the house now owned by Pete Hanson. He has, of course, made many changes and improve- ments, yet a part of the old liouso, then tiie home of Nathan Strong, the founder of the place, still stands on its original site. In 1848 and 1849 there were many new arrivals and nevv places and varieties of business, so anotiier hotel became noe- csssary. It was built by Mr. Bignall, before men- tioned, for a man named Tom Noyes, the proprie- tor, who named the new building the Fox River House. The opening, which occurred July 4. 1849, was celebrated bj' a free dinner and a big dance. Many of tlie guests became intoxicated and much confusion and quarreling resultef the telegram from that place : ••The Old Settlers of Berlin, in Library Hall as- sembled, send greeting: Your dispatch was re- ceived with Ihiee rousing cheers. We are having a good lime re living old times. May you live Icuig, happy and prosperous." What would those pioneers then assembled have thought thirty years ago if they had beeu told that in the year 1878 they would hold reunions twenty- five miles apart and communicate greetings back and forth in fifteen minutes.' Who can foretell what science will accomplish in the next thirty years to come .' A letter was next read from Col. J. H. Carle- ton, of Kenosha, one of Berlin's old settlers, as follows : "Kk.nosiia, Wis., Feb. 14, 1878. G. G. Alkx.vxdkr, Sec'y Berlin Pioneer Club. Mv Dkak Sik: I regret ver}- much that I cannot attend the first annual re-union of the Berlin Pio- neer Club owing to business engagements. I as- sure you nothing would give me greater pleasure than to meet the pioneers of Berlin and live over again for a few hours the good times we enjoyed in long years gone b}-. I think I am not entirely wenned from Berlin, and never hear the name spoken without somehow feeling that I still have an interest there. Knowing the old settlers as I do, I feel assured that it will be a happy and prolilable meeting, and sincerely hope all m.iy live to enjoy many more re-unions. Please extend to the club the kindest regards and best wishes of m}' wife, my mother anrepared and ate their first dinner here upon the spot where they had determined to cast their lots and make their future homes, It would be profitable to pause here for a mo- ment and consider what ropes of sand our human calculations are. Here were four men in the early prime of manhood, all determined that this should be their future home, and they made their claims upon the lands hereabout. Ten years later Strong was dead, Dickej' was living on a claim on the bank of Lake Harriet, in Minnesota, Martin was cultivating the soil in the distant State of Texas, and Barnes alone remained to tell the story of the first visit of white men to the site of the now thrifty and hustling city of Berlin. Begiuuiug of Settlement. The little party of explorers returned to Ceresco in the afternoon, and the following .June, Strong put up his shanty on the lot where they had partaken of their first dinner, and began his residence on his claim as a permanent settler. Martin, Barnes and Dickey entered their lands at the Green Bay land-office, while Strong took out a pre-emption, and for two years inhabited his shanty with no neighbors save the Menoinonees and Winnebagoes, earning his livelihood by a small lumber trade with thr'se who were now and then settling upon the rich farming lands of Green Lake and Democrat prairies, and the opening lying between this point and Big Green Lake. In .June, 1847, Oscar Wilson a brother-in-law of Strong's, came with his family and built a shanty upon the spot later occupied by the People's Store, or Lewis Hall, as it came to be called, and his was the first white family that set- tled upon the later plat of the village of Berlin. With the family of Wilson, Strong took board, lodging in his own shanty, until the establishment of Thomas Noyes and his family in No3'es' new shanty on the site of the Fox River Hotel, when he began to board with them. Noyes came from Watertown, and arrived about September 20. In company with Hiram S. Conant, Noyes had been prospecting through the country north of Water- town to the Fox River, and sometime in Augusl. xS47, stopping at Puckaway over night, they hinl heard of Strong's Landing, and determined upon visiting the place. Tliey accordingly came byway of Dartford, and thence, following a wagon trac!; by w!iy of the houses of Elbridge Corliss, Samuel 236 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Button and Thomas McClelland, had arrived near nightfall at the house of George Atkins, some three miles from the landing, where they tarried over night. The next morning crossing the stream and marsh, they came to the river near the spot where Stedman's warehouse was afterward built. Look- ing upon the 'leauties of the surrounding scenery, Noycs was so impressed l>y what he saw that he took of his gloves, and casting them down beside him, exclaimed : " If I ever buy land on Fox River it will be right here, on this spot 1 " Strong was at the time at Oshkosh on business, and Wilson and his family were visiting at Ccresco, and there w.ractically a wilderness with no highways but Indian trails. Boom logs were put afloat for the accommodation of pedestrians, and an involuntary cold bath was one of the chances taken by those who crossed. During times of high water, the ferry boat would be pulled over by means of a rope placed for that purpose, and when the end of the rope was reached on the west side the boat was propelled by poles and landed near the Forsyth House. The east bank of the river was high and dry. Where Huron Strait is, was a ravine extending from near the site of the Union Church to that of Sackett's hardware store and then taking a turn to the river in the direction of the depot. The float bridge served as a make-shift and was good for little else, as the float leaked badly and its use was attended with other diHiculties, and it was universally eon- ceded that a change was demanded. Horace Merriam, then of Berlin, now of Kansas City, proposed the building of a novel bridge which, on account of its peculiar construction, he called a " railroad bridge." His plan was adopted for want of a better one. It does not appear whether he is entitled to the credit of the invention of this uncommon device or whether he had seen something similar in operation elsewhere. It was constructed thus : From the east bank fo the cen- ter pier it was much like ordinary- bridges. The west approach was furnished with a track. A span of the bridge was mounted on wheels which ran on this track after the manner of a railway car, and its construction was such that it could be run from its place inland far enough to permit the passage of boats. Added to the weight of this movable span was a counter weight on the west side which kept it up to the proper level when it was in place for use, and this rendered it so cumbersome that it W.1S difficult fo handle. It is said that it took nearly every one within hearing of a boat whistle to operate this bridge, which made it so unpopular that it was abandoned after a season's trial in favor of tiie old float bridge, which was again used until the erection of a substantial bridge in the winter of 185G. During the year last mentioned a town meeting was held at the Union Hou.se. At its close the bridge question was brought up and J. V. Swet- ting. Chairman, called for a vote of those present to decide whether a new bridge should be built or not. The vote was taken by having those in favor of the new bridge step to one side of the street and those opposed to it the other side. It was a very close vote, as the people in the south and east I)arts of the town disliked to pay taxes for a bridge that they would have little use for. Besides this, the question of getting a city charter was then be- ing agitated and many were in favor of having the bridge question held oi)en until after that mutter should be decided. But a decision was reached in favor of building the bridge, and the work was done the following winter. It was virtually the same bridge that was taken down to make room for the presennt iron structure, although the wood- work was afterwards entirely replaced and other changes were made from lime to time. It w.is re- timbered l)y S. II. Hadw.ay. This, which is popu- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 245 laily referred to now as the •' old wooden bridge," did good service. Before it was built the roadway for a block or more west of the river, on Broad- way, was filled in to a depth of eight feet. Stumps, logs and brush were piled in, and then covered with dirt. This work was done by R. G. Camp- bell and his brothers. Some of these logs were struck a few years ago in digging a well. The present iron bridge, which was completed early in 1888, cost about $11,000, including mas- onry at the ends which cost $3,000. It is about 170 feet long and 33 feet wide over all. The width is divided as follows : Roadway twenty feet, two sidewalks, five feet each. The middle pier is round and firmly planted in the river bed below low water mark. It is surmounteil by trackage upon which run the trucks upon which the bridge is swung to admit of tl>e passage of steamers. The iron struc- ture was put up, under contract with the city, by the Milwaukee Bridge and Iron Company. The Town Plat and Additions. The original plat of Strongville was filed for record Sept. 27, 1848, by Nathan H. Strong, Thomas Noyes and others. The plats of the following named additions were filed in the years designated: First addition and Park Block addition, 1855, (platted mucli earlier;) second addition by H. G. Martin, 1850; Van Horn's addition to Berlin, 1852; Turner's addition, 1856; Forsyth and Bassett's ad- dition, 1853; Reas and Buck's addition, 1856: Leffort's addition, 1856; Strong and Gait's ad- dition, 1856; Smith's addition, 1856; Wheeler's addition, 1857; Ruddock's addition, 1856; James' addition, 1857; Forsyth's addition, 1857; Capron's addition, 1857 ; Strong's addition, 1858; Franklin's addition, 1858; Forsyth's 2d addition, 1858; Cross and Woodw.ard's sub-division, 1860; Ilusted's ad- dition, 1860; Carhart's addition, 1872; Warner's addition, 1873; Arnold's addition, 1876. Incorporation. The original Act incorporating the city of Berlin was approved March 6, 1857. It has been amended and superseded by subsequent Acts as follows : An Act entitled " an Act to amend an Act entitled ' an Act to incorporate the city of Berlin," " ap|)roved February 13, 1858; an Act entitled " An Act to create the town of Forsyth and to amend Chapter 330 of the Private and Local Laws of 1857 in- corporating the city of Berlin," approved March 30, 1860; an Act entitled " An Act to Consolidate and Amend the Act to Incorporate the city of Berlin and the several Acts amendatory thereof," approved March 22, 1861: an Act entitled "An Act to Consolidate and Amend the Act to Incor- porate the city of Berlin and the several Acts amendatory thereof," approved April 6, 1866, and " An Act to Revise, Consolidate and Amend the Act incorporating the city of Berlin and the sev- eral Acts amendatory thereof," passed April 11, 1887, which provides that "all that district of country in the counties of Green Lake and Waushara contained within the limits and bound- aries hereinafter described shall be a city by the name of Berlin, and tlie people who now inhabit and those who shall hereafter inhabit the same shall be a municipal corporation by the name of the city of Berlin," etc., and defines the city and ward boundaries as follows: "Sections No. 3, 4, 9 and 10 and the east half of sections 5 and 8 and that part of section No. 16 and the east half of section No. 17, lying north of the center of Fox River, all in township No. 17 north of range No. 13 east, and that part of sections No. 33 and 34 in township No. 18 north of range 13 east, lyino^ south and east of Fox River." " All that portion of section No. 4 in said city lying east of the cen- ter of tlie Fox River, shall constitute and be the First AVard. All of section 3 and that part of sec- tions 33 and 34, in snid city, shall constitute and be the Second Ward. All that portion of sections 9 and 10, in said city, lying east of the center of Fox River, shall constitute and be the Third Ward. All that portion of said city lying south of the center of Broadway street and west of the center of Fox River, shall constitute and be the Fourth Ward. All that portion of said city lying north of the center of Broadway street and the west of the center of Fox River, shall constitute and be the Fifth Ward." From the Record.s. The first otiiceis elected to serve the city were 246 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. as follows: George D. Waring, Mayor; Thomas E. Baker, Citj- Clerk: Stillraan Wright, Treasurer and Aldermen Field, Bassett, Turner and Taylor. The first meeting of the City Council was held in Metropolitan Hall, April 14, 18.57, when the or- ganization of the city was effected. Following is a list of the successive Maj'ors with their re- spective terms of service: George D. Waring, 1 857-60 ;.TohnD. Porter, 1861-62; J. D. Husted, 1863-64; Henry A. Williams, part of 1865, (re- signed;) H.G.Talbot. 186.5-66,1871-72,1881-84; O. Silver, 1867-68; S. H. Warner, 1869-70, 1873-74; J. N. Rogers, 1875-78; Hiram Stedman, 1879-80; George Fiteh, 1885-86; Joseph Yates, 1887-88; S. H. Sacket. 1889-90. Business Men Past and Pre.sent. Thirty-five and forty years ago the streets of Berlin were extremely muddy and the wheeling down Main street is said to have been "horrible." Farmers went around by the back streets to get anywhere near the market. Arrived at the market they disposed of their produce to Perley G. Chase, wiio was doing a large business as a general dealer on the west side. His prices were thus quoted in the Mi-nury in 1854: Winter wheat, *1 a bushel; Spring wheat, 75 to 90 cents; butter, 15 cents; cheese, a shilling; corn, 37 cents; oats, 22 cents; lumber, *8 perm.; wild hay, *2.50 per ton. Mr. Chase is here yet. ranking with J. V. Swetling, C. A. Mather, .1. N. Rogers, L. D. Waring and Messrs. Bellis and VVoodworth as examples of a trans- planted race of old settlers. All have not suc- ceeded in like measure, but they are recognized as belonging to the " old stock," which is said to last longest. At that time Chase had things about his own way, and the farmer who didn't like his prices could go further to get better ones, which did not always pay in the long run. Heazlit's store on Huron street was an important landmark in Berlin at the time of which we write. It w:»s kept in a little frame building on the site of Peck's hardware store, and as business then cen- tered about the intersection of Huron and Pearl streets everything on the south side of the street was mentioned as being so many doors east or west of Heazlit's, and any settler anywhere between " the Point ' and Oshkosh who would have con- fessed to not knowing where '"Heazlit's" was would have l)een considered densely ignorant in loc.ll gcographj-. S. M. Baker and N. B. Conklin formed a partnership in general merchandising early in 1854. The oldest business house in the place is that of .1. F. Hamilton which was estab- lished in 1856. Mr. Reese opened a store in 1857 and has been a merchant in the city ever since. The following business interests were mentioned i or advertised in the Couraiit in 1859: J. F. & T. W. Hamilton, general store; William Williams, hardware; J. A. Loebe, dry -goods, boots, shoes and tailoring; D. H. Saxton. general store; Vedder & Saflford, book store; George Alexander, clothing, boots, shoes, etc.; Reed & Carhart, gen- er.il store and tailoring; E. and 8. Alexander, gen- eral store; G. W. Cooke, book and music store; J. R. De Hiemer, druggist; G. N. Smith, foutidry; .). Iliggs, boots and shoes; William Naylor, furniture and cabinet ware; Yates & Porter, hardware, tin- ware and stoves; J. and E. Field, general store; Ruddock & Silsbee, pump manufacturers; William H. Morton, dealer in washing machines; H. G. Talbot, agricultural implements: T. W. Wood, apple cider etc.; Bliss, Holly A- Armstrong, marble works. The card of Cronkhite & Co., bankers, appeared; also the advertisement of the City of Berlin Oneida Bank, of wliich James Field was President; O. G. Buell, Vice-President and Edwin Kellogg Cashier. The following "professional" cards had place: J. H. Turner, insurance agent; R. E. Gross, insurance agent; M. Mix, M. D. ; N. M. Dodson, M. D.; S. T. Randall, dentist; John F. Hobbs, city marshal: J. C. Truesdell, attorney ! at-law; W. Pierson, M. D.: Xorman Benham, 1 lawyer; D. W. C. Benham, lawyer; Waring be known as The Berlin Business Men's Associ- ation, without capital stock, for the purpose of fos- tering and promoting the business interests of the City of Berlin, and verified .as a true copy by the affidavit of .T. JL Hawley .and H. C. Truesdell, who appear in said instrument .as two of the signers ■ of said articles: i ••TiiKREi'oKi: the State of Wisconsin does hereby grant unto said The Berlin Business Men's Assoc! - ! ation the powers and privileges conferred by CliMp- ! ter 8(5 of the Revised Statutes of the State of Wis- consin, and all .acts amendatory thereto, for the purposes above staled, and in accordance with their said Articles of Association. "In witness whereof, I have hereunto ' — ■— ^ , set my band and affixed my offlcia; I sr..\i.. - so.al. at the Capitol, in the City of — " Madison, the fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord, one thousand, eight hundred and eighty-eight. Ernst G. Thlme, .Sec'y of State." Tlio following extracts from its articles of asso- ciation stale its objects anor:ition shall be ■•Tin. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 251 Berlin Business Men's Association," and its lo- cation shall lie the City of Berlin, in the County of Green Lake, and tlie Stale of Wisconsin. II. "Such corporation shall lu' witliont capital stock. III. "The general officers of sucli a corporation shall be a President, a Vice President, a Secretai-}' and a Treasurer, and also a board of five directors, which olliccrs and directors shall hold their le- spectivc offices from their election until the next ensuing annual meeting, and until their successors are elected and qualified. All of the said officers shall be elected by a ma- jority vote of the members present at any annual meeting, or in case of failure to elect at the time of annual meeting, then at any regular meeting of such asociation thereafter hold." The original membership of the Association was 20. The first officers were: C. S. Morris, Presi- dent; C. A. Peck, Vice President; R. A. Christie, Secretary; J. M. Hawlc}-, Treasurer. The list is unchanged except b}" the succession of H. G. Tal- bot to the Vice Presidency. The original board of directors was constituted as fjUows: Ardin L. Buell, C. G. Starks, W. H. Johnson, George B. Sacket, Perry Niskern. The only change has been by the succession of C. C. Wellinsgard to the l)lace of Mr. Niskern. The following have been enrolled as members of the .association : Ardin L. Buel, J. P. N. Brown, George Boche- nierchl, T. I. Bassett, C. H. Britton, W. H. Baris- tow, William Brown, F. A. Clark, R. A. Christie, R. G. Campbell, J. A. Craft, W. W. Collins, E. T. Chamberlain, L. E. Davis, A. A. Daniels, E. Kit- tredge, L. Eichstaedt, George Fitch, A. Ford,George E. Gates, J. M. Ilawley, 11. B. Hamilton, OJeorge C. Hicks. J. M. Heaney, J. F. Hitchcock. T. W. Hamilton, C. D. Hawley, W. II. Johnson, Mills Johnson, D. A. Kennedy, E. J. Longcraft, Henr3' Luther, C. S. Morris, C. A. Mather, A. C. Mertz, J. E. Murphy, A. Mansfield, H. H. Oleson, Perry Niskcrn, W. S. Putnam, C. A. Peck, G. S. Phelps, Peter Pries, F. T. Rice, A. F. Rate, W. A. Reed, H. T. Sacket, F. P. Swetting, Ilollis Sleadman, C. G. Starks, Rodney Sacket, L. C. Smith, Hiram Steadroan, J. C. Schaefer, H. C. Truesdell, A. L. I Tucker, J. H. Turner, H. G. Talbott, L. S. Trues- dell, F. B. Talcott, W. D. Williams, J. J. Wood, C. M. Willis, P. F. Whiting, J. S. Walbridge, F. W. j Wright, J. E. Williams, George D. Waring, C. C. Wellinsgard, M. Warnke, August Leimer. The Business Men's Association is a live organization and maintains handsomely furnishel club rooms, to which members resort for relaxation; at "their weekly business meetings all projects that will tend to advance the material interests of the city are looked into and acted upon. Strangers are given the free use of the rooms at all times. Metliotlist Episcopal Church. The following sketch of the history of Metho- dism at Berlin from 1850 to 1876, was written by Rev. C. R. Paltee, who was pastor at the latter date, and is preserved in the reconls of the church: "The history of the Methodist Episcopal Churcli in Berlin, Wis., begins with the fall of 1850. At that time the place was known as Strong's Landing, it being at tlie head of navigation on the Fox River. It consisted then of about twenty houses and some shanties, two taverns, two or three small stores and a blacksmith shop. The river was crossed only in small boats, no bridges having yet been built, .and as the few inhabitants lived on both sides of the river great inconvenience was experi- enced and especially on the Sabbath, when religious services were held. " The first pastor was Rev. Mr. Bassenger, who preached the first Methodist sermon in September, 1850. The service was held in a little warehouse by the river, near the later site of the woolen fac- tory. In connection with that first service the first class w.as formed, consisting of six persons, viz: Reuben Thompkins, his wife and two daughters, Mrs. Kellogueand Mrs. Mary McEIro}'. During that year, Samuel iNIcElroy, Charles Barnes and perhaps others were added to the class. Of this first organi- zation. Brother and Sister McElroy still remain prominent and efficient members of the church in Berlin, (October. 1876). To them we are chiefly indebted for the facts here given. Many are the thrilling incidents which they relate and which, if space would permit, would furnish a most interest- ing history of the conflicts and victories of those earlv times, 252 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. "From the time of which we speak Strong's Landing l)rcaine a |)ermanent preaching place on Darlfor2,4<)0 and a parsonage at ijsSOO. both free from debt. The statistics are incomplete because the churches of Koro, Willow Creek and Bloouitield, whicii are connected with Berlin as a circuit, are not given here. They also paj' well for missions and minis- ter's salary, and these charges together with the Berlin charge are in a thriving spiritual condition. Kdiicatioiial. The first district school in this vicinity was opened in the spring of 1849, b^- Miss Tryphena Bignall, in a log shanty erected by Nathan Strong, on the southwest corner of what is now the city park, opposite the Union Church. The school broke up in June on account of the marriage of the teacher to William Strong. Later in the same year, Allen M. Merriman taught the district school in the Seele^' building, and in the fall, when the Baptist Church was organized in what is now known as Hamilton Hall, the school wns removed there where it remained until a district school bouse was built. On the West side, Mrs. William Strong taught another district school in her house in the winter of 1849-50, and was succeeded by Volney Conk- ling, who taught in the fall of 1850, on the corner lately' marked by the residence of Henry Buck. He also taught for a time in a small building on the cast b:.nk of the river, just north of the site of Stedman's warehouse. The next school on the west side was taught by G. B. Cooley, in S. McEl- roy's blacksmith shop, on the sand hill, until about 1854. when a district school house was built west of William Strong's present residence, in which different teachers "wielded the birch" until 186G, when the West side Grammar School building was erected. In 1852, a new school building was erected on Church street, in the same block with Union Church, and a portion of the building is now known as the "Poorhouse." To this building a wing was added about 1855, making three school rooms, and here Mr. Merriman was principal for some time, and after him Dr. Angear and Rev. J. Mclntyre. In 1856, what was known as the Craig School house, on Moore street, afterwards converted hy Charles Bartlett into a dwelling, was built and occupied by two teachers until the erection of the High School building. After the adoption of the first city charter, in 1857, the city was divided into four wards, two on the east and two on the west side of the river. Three School Commissioners represented eich ward The first Superintendent was Horace Merriam. In 1860, the west side of the town was separated from the City of Berlin, by an act of Legislature, and made into the town of Forsyth, having separate school privileges; but in 1861, it was again amended to the city, and the whole municipality was divided into three wanls with representation as at present. In April, 1861, the first election for Superintend- ent of schools was held under the amended char- ter, and E. M. Wadsworth was elected. The follow- ing composed the board ; Harry Hamilton, J. G. H. Griffiths, John Megran, M. A. Mosher, A. Ship- man and John Saxton; Mr. Megran was made Sec- retary. May 2, 1861, Mansfield Hall was rented for ad- ditional school room. In 1863. the Southard lot a portion of the present West side school grounds, was purchased for $250, with a view to erecting a permanent school building. In the fall of this year the question of buying land and erecting a good school building on the East side was proposed and the pieces of land were considered for the site. Nothing definite, however, was done in the mat- ter at this time. The report of the first school cen- sus appears in this j^ear, showing the number of scholars between four years and twenty to have been 772. In May, 1865, two lots adjoining the school property on the west side were purchased for $275, and the grounds where the High School is located were purchased for Si, 205. Ih August, the contract for building the West side school house was let at $5,800. More school room being needed, the house of Owen Hughes, which was where the Polish priest's residence now is, but was 262 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM, afterward removed to the rear of that lot and used as a Polish school, was rented for school purposes. In November 1866 the West side school house was comi)leted, but it was not occupied until ihe begin- ins of the next term. The total cost, including outbuildings and furniture, was nearly *1 2,000. The history of the erection of the High School building, on the East side, is a somewhat storray one, the details of which could hardly be recounted satisfactorily, to the whole mass of the people. The contract was let in July, 1867. It was ded- icated, with appropriate services, Sept. 9. 18G8, Hon. Matt. C'ari)entcr delivering a well remembered address. The total cost of the building, outhouses, furniture, etc., was i^23,.538. The building is a fine three-story structure of a pleasing style of architecture, beautifully located on an eminence overlooking the country around Berlin for miles in all directions. The gro\inds embrace quite a large area, handsomely laid out with walks and lawns, and ornamented with shade trees. In the same enclosure is situated a large and convenient Primary building, which accommodates the Prr- [jaratory and First Primary grades. The West Side Grammar School building is good-sized, con- venient and well built two-story frame edifice, with six large and pleasant rooms. Col. W. A. Bugb succeeded Mr. AVailsworth as Superintendent in tiie spring of 1867. In .Septem- ber, the board appointed the Superintendent and Messrs. N. M. Dodson, Ezra Wheeler, and W. P. Jordan to prepare a grade for the city schools, which was reported and adoiited October 30, and which has undergone subsequent modiQcations. At this time the full course of instruction extends through a period of fourteen years, each year con- stituting one gmde. An extra jireparator^- term is included for pupils promoted to the High .School Departmental the end of the winter term. The year is called a preparatory course, and is devoted to Kindergarten and preliminary' w^ork to prepare for tlic first primary grade of the regular course. The first three years of this course consti- tute the First, Second and Third Primary grades; the second three constitute the P'irst. Second and Third Intermediate gr.ides. The Seventh, Eighth and Ninth constitute the First, Second and Third Grammar grades. An extra term is designated as the Preparatory course, while the last four years constitute the First, Second, Third and Fourth High School grades. The regular course of study Is designed to meet the wants of the jiupils in the natural order of de- velo|)ment. The pupils are chissed according to their advancement, and are promoted whenever they show, by their daily work and by examination, that they are prepared for higher grades. The Public Schools of Berlin are furnished with two school libraries tliat are of great service to the students. The Text Book Library contains all the text books that are used in the various grades of instruction, and also many well selected reference books, including the latest encyclopiedies. diction- aries and gazeUeers. The reference books are o|n'n to the free use of students, during the regular daily sessions. The text books are furnished to the students at a small rental fee. by the term or }-ear. The Circulating Library contains 800 vol- umes of standard works on literature, science, bi- ography and history, and Is open to both students and citizens of Berlin. An annual addition of the most valuable works appearing from time to tin)c is made, by a special appropriation from the school fund. The High School room is furnished with a read- ing taule, upon which are to be found, for the daily perusal of the students, a number of the best daily and weekly newspapers, and some of the standard literary and scientific periodicals. A liberal supply of apparatus for the illustration of natural science has been provided for the High School and is freel}- employed by the students in class work. The cabinet of Mineralogy. Geology, Botany and Zoology embr.ices a large number of specimens, and illustrates quite full}' the principles of these sciences. The chemical laboratory occu- pies a large room and is abundantly supplied with apparatus and chemicals, so that each student may perform all the experiments necessary to as thor- ough and practical a knowledge of this branch as can be obtained in the lime devoted to it. The Board of Education is constituted as follows: N. M. Dodson, .Superintendent; James Croft, Presi- dent; R. A. Christie, Clerk. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 263 Commissioners: Wm. Stewart. C. A. Peck. First Ward; C. H. Wright, Mahlon Safford, Second Ward; James Croft, J. S. Mowe, Tliird Ward; H. G. Talbot, H. Buck, Fourth Ward; 11. Luther, R. A. Christie, Fifth Ward. The teachers for 1889-90 are here named: High SclujoJ: — A. F. Rote, Principal; Miss Nettie Jones, Miss Margaret T. Algoe, Assistants. Orammav Schnoh: — T. O'Neal, Miss Jennie Christie, West Side; Miss Helen D. Wheeler, Miss Carrie B. Barr, East Side. Intermediate. — Miss Hattie Richardson, Miss Ellen Doliertj', East Side; Mr. Elbridge Buck, Miss Mary Nelson, West Side. Primary. — Miss Mai-y K. Pierce, Miss May Clark, Miss Daisy Bassett, Miss Belle Parsons, Miss Flor- ence Crego, Miss Ida Judd, East Side; Mrs. Emma Ellis, Mrs. Litta Matson, Miss Etta Michaels, West Side. Mr. Bugh, in 1871, was succeeded by W. G. M. .Stone as Superintendent. Dr. N. M. Dodson be- came Superintendent in the Spring of 1882; D. P. Blackstone in the Spring of 1877; and Dr. N. M. Dodson again in the Spring of 1883, and has served continuously since. The Berlin Alumni consists of all the graduates of the Berlin High School, and has a membership of 203. Within the last four years the association has been placed on a firm footing. They have a banquet once a year witti business meetings during the year. The association will receive nineteen new members next June. The banquet last year at the Wood worth was a very pleasant and successful affair and the following officers were elected for the ensuing year: Fred Peck, president; Fred Engel- braclit, vice-president: Walter Williams, treasurer; Eunice Strong, secretary. Journalism. The first newspaper venture in Marquette County, then including Waushara and Green Lake Counties, was the 3Iarquette Mercury, establisiied about 1850 by James H. Wells and George P. Gif- ford. It was Democratic in politics. Mr. Gifford was connected witli the Mercury but a short timx Mr. Wells published the pai)er until tlie summer of 1854. wlien it was discontinuL'd. A copy of the Marquette Mercury is in the possession of Mr. L. S. Truesdell of Berlin. It bears date March 20, 1 854. The title is in the good old Roman black-faced letter, and the columns run upon both sides of the title, penning it up, as it were, in a parallelogram bounded b^'^ heavy black rules. Below the lower rules, under the title is the editor's name, J. H. Wells, who tells us in the same line that the journal is devoted to politics, agriculture, literature, temper- ance and the mechanical arts, all for only $1.50 per annum, "invariably in advance." This particular copy of the Mercury is number 30 of the third volume, from which it is evident that Mr. Wells had at that time nearly completed the fourth year of his journalistic career in Berlin. The Meixury was a goodly sized four-page paper and an adver- tising cut shows it to have been printed on an old style Washington hand press. The work was well done, from which it is evident that Mr. Wells was a practical printer of experience. The paper used was of good quality, and its wear and tear for thirty-six years has made in it only a few open rents at the folds. The first, second and third pages are devoted to general news, local notices, editorial comments and advertisments. The fourth page is given up to tax sales and chancery notices. That advertising had not at that time reached any- thing like its present developement is manifested from a glance at these columns. It was evidentl3' far beyond the enterprise of the advertiser of that day to make his ad vertisment attractive or interest- ing by frequent change. Nov. 1, 1851, Doctors S. M. Mix and N. M. Dodson formed a partnership, and put a notice in the paper to that effect, palilel3' notifying their friends of their business union, and soliciting a fair share of the public favor. Nearly three years later the same announcement was stand- ing that "on this day," etc., without the alteration of word, letter or date. Perh.aps the good doctors were too busy to bother with such things. The next candidate for public favor in this line was the Berlin Ifessenger, bj'the late Colonel W. A. Bugh, who, it is thought, had a partner, and started in 1852 or thereabouts. It was Whig in ixditics, and litid a brief but brilliant I'arcer, expii-ing be- fore the Mercury. Next in chronological order comes the Berlin PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Courant, which was established as a democratic paper in .luue, 1 854, by James G. Tracy and James V. Kitcli. After a few weelis, Fltcii retired. Tracy ran the paper alone until about Oct. 1. 1854, when he sold a half interest to T. L. Terry, who assumed editorial charge and at once hauled down the Domocratic banner and hoisted the Reform, later known as the Republican flag, and a Republican paper the Courant has ever since been. Early in the following year, Tracy retired from the paper, and it was published by Terry alone for several years, except for a few months when J. G. Hunter was associated with Mr. Terry. Mr. S. Richards was connected with the paper as publisher for a time, the arrangement leading to a partnership which included W. B. Arnold as a member, under the name of T. L. Terry Io VILLAGES OF GKEKN LAKE COUNTY. Berlin. The town of Berlin, situated in the northeast corner of the county, is bounded on the north by Waushara County; on the east by Winnebago PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. County; on the south by the town of Brooklyn, and on the west by the town of Seneca. Its grent- est lengtli north and south, is nine miles; its breadtii cast and west, six miles. The city of Berlin, taken mostly from its territory, leaves its outlines irregu- lar. The village of Sacramento originally belonged to Marquette Countj', and was by an act of Legis- lature attached to Waushara County, at the or- ganization of that county, contrary to the wish of Sacramento's inhabitants, and, as some con- tended, contrary to tlie constitution of Wiscon- sin. By a subsequent enactment it was attached to the town of Berlin. One of the first settlements in tliis town was made about 1847, by Mr. Atkins, who built a log cabin near where the dwelling of Mr. Peck was af- ward built, which for many years was a tavern. This must have been one of the simplest of primi- tive taverns. It is said it had but two rooms and a loft overhead. The first frame house built in the town, was that, about half a mile north of Peck's Corners, which afterward was tlie residence of Mr. Decker. The settlement of the town rapidly ex- tended from these corners at the Atkins place. Near tiie center of the town, two miles west of Peck's Corners, on the east side of the Fox, quite a large settlement of Seventh Day Baptists grew u[). It had its beginning in the location there in 1847, of D. E. Lewis, J. Larkin, and J. F. Brown. The church at this settlement was organized in 1850, under the pastoral care of Rev. J. M. Todd, and a neat house of worsliip was afterward erected. The log house in the Payne neighborhood, which was once Mr. Payne's residence, was the first cabin or house erected in that part of the town. It will be remembered from its location about half a mile north of the school-house, at "the corners." Among the old settlers of the town of Berlin, were Nicholas Bush, J. C. Burdick, Owen J. Fuller and John McClelland. Saoraiiieiito. Sacramento, in the north part of this townsliip. is a small village which once had quite brilliant hopes. At the organization of Waushara County, it was temporarilj' the county seat. The village was regu- larly platted in 1849. Its original ywjier was James Hobden, and he sold it to one Townsend. At that time the population numbered but six per- sons. A steam sawmill was built in 1857, and Morse, Abbott 72 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Dartford. when it rested in jwace until 1866, when, 1 on agitiitinir the vexed subject again, a vote was taken on removing it to Princeton, and a major- ity of tiie Board of Canvassers decided in favor of Dartford. A minorlt3- reported, however, in favor of Princeton, aud their decision was supported by the opinion of tlie Attorney General of the State. . The citizens of Princeton forcibly took the records : and at a very early hour one morning, removed them to Princeton. An appeal was then made by the people of the eastern part of the county to the supreme court of tlie Slate, and on a ruling in their favor the county seat was once more removed to , Dartfoni, where it has since remained undisturbed and unassailed, except l)y the indirect means men- tioned elsewhere. The court house was built in 18G3 by the Dart- ford Building Association, and leased to the county in 1864. It is a sightly stone structure, ample for the requirements of the courts. The jail was added in 1870 and. during the same year most of the present county offices were built. j The act of the Legislature incorporating the vil- lage of Dartford was approved March 20, 1871. The first Board of Trustees was organized thus: | Ivlwin Quick, President; T. S. Sherman and I George H. Ciiurcliill. Trustees; Albert Long. I Clerk. The present Boanl (1890) is constituted thus: .L R. Brooks, President; J. Morgan and L. Clawson, Trustees; J. Bodle, Clerk. The village is as well supplied witli sidewalks and other im- provements as any pl.ice of its size. The i>resent | population is about 400. Tlie Methodist Episcopal Church of Dartford was organized by Rev. R. S. Hay ward, pastor. No- ! vember, 1849. There were thirteen members, and D. A. Olin was made Class-leader. For more than forty years he has labored for the spiritual welfare of the communily. The church has niaintaineil regular weekly services from the time of its organ- ization. It also organized a Sunday-school at the outset, and has since maintained it for the instruc- lioii of the youth and children in those duties which have a tendency to develop Christian char- ."icter. and make them men and women of the best ivp". The church edifice that the society now oc- 1,1 KS was erected in tlie spring and summer of , 1850, and was probably the first regular church building in (then) M.arqueltc County. Mr. Anson Dart, of Washington, D. C, presented the church with a very fine-toned bell, which called the peo- ple to worship for twenty -five 3ears, until it was cracked, rendering it unfit to longer perform that (Iut\'; when a much l.irger and more resonant one w.as put in its place and has done service to the present time. In its forty years of life the church has received the instructions of the following named ministers: R. S. Hayward, S. D. Barringer, J. Pearsall, Kzra Tucker, T. T. Kitchen, William Stevens, William Sturges, I.Searles, C. G. Lathrop, William Morse, E. K. Burkee. R. M. Beach, Wil- liam Teale, J. Wiltrie, T. T. Allen, D. (). Jones, T. H. Walker, R. Henry, F. F. Teetes. E. B. L. El- der, E. A. Wanless, H. Curtis. F. W. Sherwiu. T. H. Dey. J. E. Henderson, W. E. Morris and A. J. Buxton. The Congregational Church was organized as the Central Congregation of Brooklyn. The church edifice was erected in 18.i7, and dedicated December 23, of that year, by Rev. Mr. Ricliards, of Berlin. This church h.-is had the following pas- tors: Revs. S. Bristol, William CaUin, M. M. Fern- field, G. W. Weinwright. E. N. Buddoe, Robert Fairbairn, Frederick Fairfield. E. G. Baldwin, W. J. Warner, F. B. Demarest, Edward Peet, A. A. Safford, and Mr. Freeman. The church has been supplied on the Sabbath to some extent by the professors of Ripon College. The Gn'on Lake SpvctaUir was published at Dartford for some years. It wi\3 established about 1860. The issue of Nov. 8, 1865, was number 7, volume 5, of the "old series," and number 5, vol- ume 2, of the "new series." It was then issued by ^. M. Phinney e height of two or three feet, making a considerable mill stream flowing therefrom, but after a protracted drouth it is entirely dry, and re- mains so perhaps three or four months. One may cross the stream dry-sliod, and returning in two two or three hours find a large brook. It was near this spring, known, in honor of the first settler, as '•Powell Spring," that that worthy erected the first log house in the town. Settlement. .Tames Powell w.as undoubtedly the first settler in this town. He had 160 acres of land fenced in and part of it under cultivation as early as 1835, or 1836. A part of this property was afterward owned by A. Long. l\Ir. Dart and two sons came next. They located at the outlet of Twin Lake in 1840, and in 1841 built a small grist-mill. Theirs was the first frame house. They came by the way j of the Fox River from Green Bay, in row-boats; entered the mouth of the Puckyan, p.issed up the creek to the lake, and up the latter to their point of seetlement. The}- had a fatiguing voyage of eleven days, and probably were the first, and doubtless j the last white men to navigate the Puckyan. Lieut.- Gov. Beal came next the same year, and broke up I the first land, Mr. Bazeley and a Slockbridge In- I dian, named Pyer, doing the work in the fall of I 1840. 8. R. Lathrop came in January, 1847. At that time S. Burdick and E. Cable occupied a room I in Beals' house as a land office, locating land for I settlers, and Mr. Bazeley had taken to himself some [ of the comforts .and conveniences of life, and his house was a recognized stopping place for traders and intending settlers. The house of Satterlee (Hon. Sat. Clark), besides being the first location of the post-ofl3ce, was the general intelligence office for the whole section. Later, the post-office was removed to the store of E. .Smith, a mile north of the "Center House." This was, doubtless, the sec- ond store in the county. The county at that titre was in three electoral divisions, or voting pre- cincts, the centre of one of which was "Big Green," when there was a store, a post-office and a black- smith shop. A Mr. Pomeroy, a relative of J. Fen- I niraore Cooper, the novelist, a man of worth and wealth, was an early resi. Dr. .lames Lawn is tlie resident phy- sician. W. M. Chapel is a resident lawyer. James M. Chapel is postmaster. The Kingston Sp>/ is a four-page paper published by W. E. Williams and devoted to local and general interests. Newton Wilson Post, Xo. 28, G. A. K. The charter for tliis po.st wsis granted March 18, 1888. The charter members were as follows : E. C. Brayton. .1. M. Chapel, G. A. Joslen, AVilliam W. Hunter, Thomas Gundcrson. John Millisjan, Fred Koh, C. P. Hewitt, William (iarncr, Frank Knight, H. R. Price, August Gelanman. George Brayton. The first officers were E. C. Brayton, Com. ; J. M. Chapel. .S. V. C; George Brayton, J. V. C; G. A. Joslen. Quar. and Adjt. ; John Milligan, Surg.; H. R. Price. O. D.; Frank Knight. (). G.; C. P. Hew- itt, Chap. The present oflicers are J. M. Chapel, Com.; E. C. Briiyton, S. V. C; William Garner, J. V. C; A. J. Joslen, tjuar. and Adjt.; H. R. Price. O. D. ; John Milligan, Surg.; William AV. Hunter, Chap.; Frank Knight, (). G. Tlie post now numbers twenty-five members. Mackforil. Mackford is the southeastern town of Green Lake County, bounded on the north by Green Lake, on the east by Fond du Lac County, on the south by Dodge County, and on the west by Man- chester. Most of Lake Maria lies in the southwest part of this town. This lake, which extends into Manchester, covers about 600 acres. Lake Emily is near by, to the southward. Grand River flows westwardly, through the village of Markesan, through the northwestern part of the town. There is no known outlet to Lake Maria, except at very high water, when it overflows into a swale adjacent. A remarkable occurrence w.as the destruction of the fish in this Lake during the "hard winter" of 1S47. It is believed they were smotliered, as the lake was entirely frozen over and the ice was covered with four feet of snow. In the spring winrows of fish were cast ashore hernald, his father, came soon afterward. In 184."5 Hiram McDonald built a sawmill at his place and it is a curious fact that twelve out of the fourteen male inhabitants of Waupun at that time were present at the raising. Lyman Austin and George Pratt came in 1844 and in 1845 and 1846 there was quite a number added to the small settlement. Among these were Aus- tin McCrackcn and his sons, William Butler and son. James Densmore, William Hare. .S. M. Knox. John Larkin. J. L. Millard. Abram .Moore, Barlow PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Swift and William Shaw. Austin McCracken built a sawmill in 1848 and a large gristmill in 1855. In 1850 Messrs. McDonald, Carhart and White erec- ted a large four-storj' gristmill at Maekford vil- lage. This was destroyed by fire. John B. Seward started the village of Markesan in 1 845 and built a saw and gristmill. First Things. Tlie first white child born in the town was John McDonald, son of Hiram McDonald. The first wedding was that of Mr. Vedder and Miss Patter- son. The first death was that of a Mr. Lyon, who was killed by a tree falling upon him. The first church was built by the Presbyterians, Rev. Mr. Kaison, pastor. Village of Markesau. .Markesan is pleasantly situated on the uneven land lying on both sides of the Grand River, in the town of Maekford on the branch of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway which penetrates this county. It is seventeen miles south of Dart- ford and twelve miles northwest of Fox Lake, the neatest banking point. Markesan was jjlatted in 1849 ))y John Chapel and C. E. Russell, propiietors. The original plat was one and one-half mile square. Parker's addi- tion was platted in 1858. The village was incor- porated in May, 1853, and its first officers were : President, Ira Manley ; Trustees, John Parker, P. Nelson, G. Harris, E. A. Wilder, M. George; Clerk, R. Lexington. The first frame house built in the present site of the village wai erected by John B. Seward iu 1844. Mr. Seward afterward put in operation a sawmill and gristmill which was afterward remodeled and made a flouring mill only. The early settlers were of good stock, mostly Yankees, but with a sprink- ling of Englisii. In 1859 Markesan contained the gristmill, then owned by Mr. Parker, fqur stories high, with two run of stones and a daily capacity of 100 barrels; three blacksmith shops a wagon shop, two cabinet shops, one cabinet wareroom, three shoe shops, two tav- erns, one drug and book store, two saloons, four good general stores, one variety store, one hard- ware store, one stove and tin shop, one harness shop, two cooper shops, a livery stable, a tailor shop, a watch and jewelry shop, a millinery shop, a meat market and a bank with a capital of 175,000 — C. P. Dearborn, Cashier, — besides an insurance agency and a printing office. The population was then estimated at 800. The village now contains a gristmill, a feedmill, a grain elevator, a cheese factory, carriage and wagon works, several churches and a live weekly newspaper, the Herald, George H. Larke, editor and proprietor. Much live stock, grain and pro- duce is shipped. In point of natural advantages, trade and enter- prise, Markesan is the leading village in the south- ern i)ortion of the countj-. It is the center of a rich and beautiful farming country in which it possesses no rivals to be feared and it is predicted that its progress will be steady and satisfactory. The district school house is well located and one of the best buildings in the county. The Universal- ists have a neat church, built in 1857, the year in which their society was organized. The Congre- gationalist Society was organized in 1847 and their church was built in 1858. The Methodists organ- ized in 1859 and have a neat church. Half a mile east of Markesan, on the Grand River, a lime-kiln was long kept running con- stantly. There was also a manufactorj' of a super- ior kind of building material, composed principally of lime and gravelly sand. Buildings put up of this kind of composition appear to the eye, when coated with a cement or varnish used, as durable as stone, and a person unacquainted with the ma- terial would readily believe that sandstone had been cut out to make the walls. The Markesan Herald is in its eighth year. Its publisher is George H. Larke. It is a neatly prin- ted, newsj' sheet, well patronized by subscribers and advertisers, and has had its influence for good upon the development of Markesan and that por- tion of the country round about. Maiicliester. M.'inchester is located in the center of the county east and west, and on its southern border. It is bounded on the north by Marquette and Green 280 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Lake, on the east by Mackford, on the south by Columbia County and on the west by .Columbia County and the town of Kingston. Lake Maria cuts into tlie town near its southeast corner, and the large Kingston mill pond on its western border north of its center. Grant River flows westwardly through the town and receives through a swale the overflow from Lake Maria at times of high water,tliat lake having no outlet at other times. This town is quite equally divided into openings — timber tim- ber openings, prairie and marsh lands. The Kast Brancli of the Fox River heads in the southwest corner of this town. The surface of the town is undulating. The soil is strong in the eastern and central parts, growing lighter and more sandy to- wards the West. Settlement. The first settler in the town was an old soldier named Mc(;ee, who located on the Henry Yinz farm. He built the first log house and broke up land first in his neighborhood. This was in 1837. R. Langdon came in 1843. Sawyer Carter, W. R. Carter, Norman Stewart, .lames Carter, Madison Miller and Robert Robinson came in 1844. In 1845 S. W. Matthews. A. Barlow, David Jones, Lucius Clark. Walter Burlingame, .J. Teal, and .1. Stickles came. Mr. Miller brought with him some 1,500 sheep, but soon lost most of them by misfortune and mismanagement. Messrs. Barlow ami Math- ews had no families and were strangers to each other, but they pooled their means and emleavors and built and occupied a log shanty together. The nearest grist-mill in the earl}^ days was at Wau- pun. but the settlers more often had to go to Water- town or to .lauesville. eighty miles, liie nearer mill frequently making them wait a week for their grists,while the millers ground their own grain and compelled them to buy their flour or wait longer than they could afl'ord for their own. In tliose days a man could get for flour what money would not command. A. Miner built the sawmill at the village of Manchester in 1847. Dr. Hoyt laid out the village and built a flouring-mill in 1853. The first school was opened in 1847. The first church organized was by the Methodists the same year, the Rev. Mr. Welcome, pastor. The Rev. (t. W. Freeman organized the Baptist Society in ISGO. The first white child born in the town was born in McGee's family. The first marriage was that of a Mr. Bates to Miss Margaret Stalker, daughter of .Joseph Stalker. The first death was that of a child of Mr. Stewart. Organization. The town of Manchester was organized in 1849, with A. Barlow as Chairman of the Board of Su- pervisors; J. Stalker and II. A. Millard associates, and M. B. Lathrop, Clerk. At one of ilie early elections a sugar bowl was made to serve as a bal- lot box. Tlie AVel.sh and German Settlements. In the southwest corner of the town is a good- sized German settlement; there is also a Welsh set- tlement in the town. Village ol" 3Ian«-liester. The village of Manchester is prettily situated on liigh land nearly in the center of the town, and has a l)opulation of about 300. It was la-dout in 1857 by E. R. Hoyt, and is eighteen miles southwest of Dartford, and three miles southwest of Markesan, the nearest railway point. Grant River furnishes a good water-power. W. A. Millard was probably the first settler on the village site and arrived in 1846. He was long a .Justice of the Peace. M. Seward built a sawmill here in 1847, which was later superseded by a flour- ing-mill of good capacity. Mr. Seward built the first frame house in 1857; the first store was opened by Dr. E. R. Hoyt, the founder of the village, in 1856. Thirty j'ears ago the place contained two stores, one shoe store, a blacksmith-shop, a tin shop a wagon-shop, a school, a post-office and a gristmill. The present business men are: John E. Wiselvinca, proprietor of flour mill; Fogel Wolfgang, dealer in farm implements; George C. Rhein, harness-maker; William Elliott, dealer in live stock; A. M. Houke and Louis Klatt. shoemakers; V. E. Babcock and F. Schwandt, carpenters. Marquett*'. The town of .Marquette is bounded on tiie north by the town of Princeton , on the e.ast by the town of Green Lake, on the south by the towns of Kings- ton and Manchester, and on the west by JIarquette PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 281 County. This town is very irregular in form and is noted for its large marshes and the peculiar ridge of granite rock that crops out about a mile south- east of the village of Marquette. This out-crop covers about five acres. The mass of rock is thirty feet high, broken and uneven, the south side fall- ing off into a sandy flat, terminating in Grant River marsh. Westward, beyond an interval of twenty rods of marsh rises another mass of the same formation, covered with a growth of small cedars and oaks. Half a mile further north, on the north shore of marsh, rising from its edge, is an uneven mass of the same formation, extending west for nearly a mile. The soil is sandy in some places, and in others a sand and clay loam. Lake Packaway lies in the north and west parts of the town and is an expan- sion of the Fox River. Settlement. The first settler in this town was one Gleason, an Indian trader. H. McDonald, of Mackford, stated that when he passed up the Fox River with his company of United States Regulars, on their way to Ft. Winnebago, in 1830, he found Gleason deal- ing with the Indians at Marquette. He had a log store and stockade, and a number of acres under cultivation. He claimed to be from Vermont. Passing through again, several years later, Mr. Mc Donald saw him again ; but as settlers began to come in he moved further West. F. B. Hawes opened a store at Marquette in 1845, and the village w.ns soon afterward platted b}' Messrs, Sutherland, Myers and Page, and in 1 849 it became the first county-seat of Marquette County. In 1846 Van Valkenburg, John S. Vine, J. M. Crandall, Gard- ner Green, D. M. Green, Samuel McCrackcn, M. .1. Byington, Alexander Patrick, Ajkin, Porter, Scfly and Butterfield came in and secured homes. Organization and Early Events. The town was organized in 1849, with H. A. Butterfield, J. Conley, and J. Boyle as Supervisors; S. W. Aikin as Clerk. Forty votes were cast at the first election, and the voters lived throughout the west part of Marquette County. The first hirlh was that of Lovinia Hunt Aikin, daughter of Dennis and Mary Aikin, in 1849. The first marriage was that of Mr. Merriton to Miss Rachel Aikin, by the Rev. G. R. Bartlc'tt. The first death was that of a child of .John and Rebecca Conley. Village of Marqnette. The village of Marquette is situated in the town of the same name, eighteen miles southwest of Dartford, and nine miles northwest of Markesan (on a branch of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St Paul Railway and the nearest railway station) and fif- teen miles south of Princeton, the nearest banking point. The population is about 275. The village was laid out as a speculation, as early as 1836, by Sherman Page, of Otsego County, N. Y.; Joel B. Sutherland, of Philadelphia; Andrew Palmer, of Toledo, Ohio, and Albert G. Ellis and John P. Arned, of Green Bay, Wis. The original plat on file looks like a map of some beautifully laid out city of 3,000 to 6,000 population. There is no tradition that much of anything else than the plat- ting of the village was accomplished at that early period. The survey was altered in 1854. This has a more picturesque situation than any other village in this or the surrounding countries. The business portion is principally built on low, sandy ground, but tasteful dwellings surmount the hill, presenting a fine appearance from any ap- proach. Lake Packaway, on which the village is situated, is eight miles long and from half a mile to a mile wide. It is really an expansion of the Fox River. Marquette is consequently one of the many flourishing villages lining the banks of that stream, and is a natural shipping point for a large extent of country. In 1848, when Marquette County was fully organized and detached from Brown County, the county-seat was established here. In 1 853, by a vote of the people, the county- seat was removed to Dartford. In November of the same year the Board of Supervisors, forcibly and without authority of law, seized the records :ind conveyed them back to Marquette. For some reason the people submitted to this bold movement, and the county-seat remained at Marquette until 1858, when it was established at Berlin after the erection of Green Lake County. The old Marquette county buildings, long diverted from their original uses and something of architectural effect to the 282 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. scene, the castle-like looking jail having been a long familiar sight. sLinding sentinel-like on the hill south of tlie flat. The first settler on the village site (and it is thougiit the first in the county) was the Verinonter, Gleason, who was an Indian trader there as earlj- as 1831, with a store and cultivated land. The first tavern was built in 1848. Some of the county build- ings were used for church purposes after the re- znoval of the seat of Justice. The village was thus made up twenty-five or thirty years .'•go, recording to the best recollection of an old resident. There w'as a large brick tavern house in the eastern part, a temperance house near tiie center; a steam window, blind and cabinet fact- ory, a wagon and carriage shop, two general stores, three store-houses and docks, a shoe-shop, a sad dler's-shop. a cooper-shop, a tailor-shop, two car- penler's-shops, and two law offices and a school- house. The Methodist and Baptist Societies used the court-house for public worship. There were also three lumber yards and docks, and Mr. Green liad a dock at which steamboats stopped regularl.y. The population was about 400, and it was believed that, as the country settled up and the wants of the people became more numerous, Marquette would become a place of much imi)ortance, it being the nearest point on the river for the shipment of pro- duce for the southern parts of Green Lake and Day- ton (now extinct) and for Mackford, Manchester and Kingston. Priiiootoii. The town of Princeton is on the western border of the county, a little north of the center. It is bounded on llie north partially by Marquette County and i)artially by St. Marie, on the east by Brooklyn and Green Lake on the south by Mar- quette and on the west b^- Marquette County. It is watered by the Fox River, whieh crosses it circuitously in a southwesterly course. The surface of this town is rolling and partiallj- timbered with the several varieties of oak com- mon to this region. The soil is a sandj- loam and clay underlayed with limestone. In the central part of the town a chain of limestone blulTs makes a prominent feature in the landscape. East of the I-o.\ River the land is high and rolling. Between Dartford and Princeton is a handsome valley which gave to this town its first name. Pleasant ^■alley. Settlement. The first cabin erected in this town stood on what was afterward known as the Simpson farm, three miles east of Princeton. It was kept open as a tavern by John B. Wiuchell. At this tiouse was held the first town meeting and the first ''court" of this town, the latter, of course, being presided over by a Justice of the Peace. Eighty votes were cast at the first election, of which number the now village of Princeton cast only three. South of the site of this primitive dwelling and hosteir}-. is a blufif about fifty feet in height with an almost perpendicular front, with limestone visible its entire length. In 184(5, John Knapp. Ezra Roselirooks, P. Wicks. Sr., X. Lowe, A. L. Holmes and Delos Maxon made their homes in the town. These men, in connection with others who soon followed, opened woods, built school houses and churches and introduced other substantial improvements. Among those who located in this section from 1846 to 1850 were William C. Briggs, Dr. T. Millard, Enos Moe. A. M. Parsons and Edward Harroun. The village of Princeton was pl.atted by R. C. Treat, in 1848. Other pioneers there were H. B. Treat, Anson Randall, John Randall, W. (). Flint and P. M. Knapp. A more extended history of this village under a separate heading. First Things. The first white child born in the town was Jack- son Ross. Mr. W. Glendenning and Miss Julia Duane were the first couple niarried. The first death was that of I^Irs. Henry Treat in 1848. The Congregational Church at Princeton was the first religious organization effected in the town. IJev. E. Bradford was pastor. Oi^anizatiou. Princeton was organi.^ed in 1849 as Pleasant Valley and then included .St. Marie. St. Marie was set off in 18.')2. At that time Delos Davis wsis chairman of Princeton and 1). P. Rawson was Clerk. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 283 Local Peculiarities. the Pleasant Valley is sandy. The lowlands western part are broken and were not early cnlti- vated. In the valley of the Fox there is some high rolling land. From the town line east to the river is an extensive marsh extending into the town of St. Marie. Village of Priucetoii. Princeton is the terminus of the local line of the Chicago and Northwestern Railway and is otherwise important as one of the leading villages in the three counties treated in this work. Not the least among its claims to notoriety is the fact that it was to all practical intents for a short time the county seat of Green Lake County. In 186() a vote was taken upon removing the seat of justice from Dartford to Princeton and a majority of the Board of Supervisors decided in favor of Dart- ford. A minority reported, however, in favor of Princeton, and their decision was supported by the decision of the attorney general of the State. Some of the citizens of Princeton forcibly took possession of the records and at a very early hour in the morning removed them to Princeton. An appeal was then made by the people of the eastern part of the county to the Supreme Court of the Slate, and on a ruling in their favor the county seat was once more moved to Dartford where it has since remained. As it was, Princeton was only second best upon tiic original election. Although there were towns in the county which had voted in their own interest which had at least one-third more inhabitants when the votes were canvassed, Prince- ton stood second and came within eighty votes of securing the county seat; and nothing short of the entire vote of tlie city of Berlin defeated the praiseworthy desire of making the village of Princeton the place where lawyers, sheriffs, peace- breakers, each in their several dejiartments, should learn and hear what the statute declares. It is a brisk business point with a pf)pulation of 1,300, an assured personal and real proiierty valuation of $22.5,000 and no bonded debt. Royal C. Treat, Ksq., arrived on the present site of the village, April 15. 184.s, and on the 2nd of ,Tulv- staked out a claim on wliat was afterward Block B. of the village plat. He soon put up the first building, a shanty, for which he hauled the boards from Steven's Point. This building stood on Main street, near the bridge^ nearly opposite the E. Mantley residence. The Indians wore very- troublesome at this time and the pioneer at times found it hard to hold his own against them. They pulled off the boards from his humble habitation and without knocking or expressing thanks com- mitted depredations upon his flour and pork bar- rels, and also carried away his bedding and cooking utensils, doing their utmost to break him up in his primitive housekeeping. In order to fortify himself against these too frequent and unwelcome visitors, he built a log house. This the red men could not so easily tear down as they had to a cer- tain extent torn down the board one, yet even af- ter that Mr. Treat suffered more or less from their encroachments. In September, 1848, Nelson M. Parsons joined Mr. Treat. John Knapp, who af- terward bseame the first postmaster, came with his family in February, 1849. About this time Mr. Treat and his brother H. B. Treat went to the land office at Green Bay and in June returned own- ers of 132 acres of land. For a time the place had been known as Treat's Landing. Now these broth- ers laid out the village and called it Princeton. That was the original plat. A part of it was vaca- ted in 1878. Princeton addition was laid out July 12, 1855, by Henry B. Treat and Nelson M. Par- sons. Parsons' second addition was p'atted about this time. Flint and Treat's addition was platted in 1857; Rosebrook's in 1867; R. C. Treat's in 1872, and W. S. Flint's in 1875. Other early settlers were Philemon Weeks, F. Durand, E. B. Simpson, John Blend, Charles Stacy, Dclos Maxon, Anson Randall, Edward Har- ronn and P. M. Knapp. Of these Wright was the property owner ; Weeks was an extensive farmer. Durand and Ilarroun were merchant and clerk, res- pect! vel}'; Blend and Stacy were carpenters; Max- on kept hotel two miles and a half south of Prince- ton; Knapp w.as a grocer. Among early business men were F. Durand and Alexander, Anson and John Randall, merchants; W. II. and A. L. Flint, nursery; Hall and Seeley. merchants; Richmond Tucker, qierchajit; John 1'., 284 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Winchell, Newton M. Parsons and John Knapp, hotel keepers. R. P. Rawson, Salem T. Wright, Davis H. Waite and La Fayette Fisher were also early merchants. P. M. Knapp and D. P. Rawson opened a store in the fall of 18.53. They were suc- ceeded by R. P. Rawson in 1858. He was suc- ceeded lij' Rawson k Thirl in 1862. This house long since went out of trade. Prominent among the merchants from the close of the war to the present time have been Teske Brothers, S. M. Eg- gleston, H. E. Hopkins, Green & Carman, "W. F. Luedtke, Leek & Manthcy, Warnke Brothers, An- tone RImpler, H. H. Harmon, Martin Manthcy it- Sons. Early physicians were Drs. Randall, Millard, Everhart, (who lived in St. Marie and practiced here), Terwilliger and Dewey. John B. Winchell, Newton M. Parsons and Joiin Knapp have been mentioned as early liotel men. Cliauncey Boylan was another and tiie firm of Par- sons & Stiles was well known. G. E. Lamont was interested in building what is now the American House. This house was burned down and rebuilt in 1885. Among those who have done the honors there have been David H. Waite. Jolin Horey, John Tliompson, W. J. Frank, August Shiele, F. W. Cooke, J. P. Snyder and H. K. Priest, the present, proprietor. This house dates from 1850, or earlier. It is one of the most popu- lar in the count}'. The Hubbard House was opened after the war and was destroyed by fire in April, 1880. Among its landlords were Captain Baldwin, Lant Burroughs, Wilkins & Eggenbroad, J. H. Hubbs. George Callick and J. H. Hubbard, the latter at the beginning as well as at the close of its history. The City Hotel was built about a dozen years ago by its present proprietor, Fred Schin- dell. The first village election was held Jan. 30, 1865. The following officers were electeil: R. C. Treat, l)rcsidpnt; D. M. Green and A. Thiel, trustees; Zelotns Fisher, treasurer; A. B. Dick, clerk; C. Piper, marshal. The following is the copj- of the O'tlv resoUuiun of importance framed at the first meeting of Uie village board: "Wliere:is, the village of Princeton, being desirous of filling their quota by raising money to pay volunteers for enlisting in the United States service to fill said quota and the present call of the President for 300,000 men. be it resolved, that the Board of Trustees of the village of Princeton be instructed not to add the name of any jjcrson to the enrolled list of said village who is known to be already enrolled in any other town, city or village in the Stale of Wisconsin, to the detriment of the vill-ige and tax-payers of the said village." The successive presidents of the village have been R. C. Treat. 1865; Waldo S. Flint, 1866; Alvin L. Flint, 1867-68: Philemon Wickes. 1869; Waldos. Flint. 1870; D. M.Green, 1871; F. A. Wilde, 1872-73; H. II. Hopkins, 1874: A. E. Thompson. 1875; J. P. Schneider, 1876-80; John C. Thompson, 1881; R. P. Rawson. 1882; J. P. Schneider, 1883-84; Gottlieb Luedtke, 1885-88; August Swanke, 1889. The present trustees are E. Mueller and August Teske, Henry Manthey is clerk. The fire department was organized in 1882 and is supplied witli a hand engine. Among promi- nent members and officers have been (i. A. Teske, F. W. Cooke, G. A. Kreger and William Luedtke. Thirty years ago the following summary of Princeton's interests and professions was made : Eleven stores, three taverns, two drug and apothe- cary- stores, two doctors, two lawyers, two shoe- shops, four blacksmith-shops, two carriage and wagon shops, one tailor-shop, one tin-s!iop, four saloons, one chair and cabinet factory. The popu- lation was about 900. less than two-thirds of the present population. The village includes the set- tlements then west of the river,where in 1857, W. S. and A. L. Flint built a substantial stone gristmill, three stories high, with two runs of stones, capable of manufacturing fifty barrels of flour in twenty- four hours, the water used having been brought from the Mecan river in a canal six miles long and ten feet wide. A float bridge formerlj' furnished means of crossing the Fox at this point. It h.is given place to a more modern structure. The old agricultural society used to hoUl county fairs at Princeton regularly from 1854 for a num- ber of years, with the exception of 1857. The fair- grounds consisted of about two acres of level ground in the east part of the village, surrounded by a substantial fence. The yearly- assembling of people from all parts of the county gave, for the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 285 time being, life and variety quite a variance with the every day experience of the localities. Tavern- keepers rejoiced and prospered, and general trade flourished. The Germans smoked their pipes and drank their beer and extended greetings to all comers with more than common gusto, and the Yankees seized the opportunity to make promising bets on the acting events. The old fairs have been referred to as being like the old fashioned gen- eral trainings, but "without tlie firelocks, fuss and feathers," so characteristic to such affairs. The oldest church organizations in Princeton arc the Congregational and Methodist societies. Tlie Catholics, Lutherans and German Congrega- tionalists also have stated worship. The Princeton Congregational Church, like most American churches, had for its birthplace the dis- trict scliool-housc. It occupied tlie village scliool- bouse in company with the Methodist Episcopal Church for some months, but owing to a disagree- ment as to which church should hold the morning service in the building, it was resolved by this society to erect a cliurch house of its own. The church was organized Feb. 8, 1852, with fourteen members, the Rev. Ebenezer Green Bradford be- ing pastor; Sylvester Hawkins, Darius H. Waite and Alvin L. Flint were the trustees. Rev. Mr. Bradford's pastorate lasted four ^-ears. He re tired from the vicinity on closing his connections with the church of March 30, 1856. He was suc- ceded in the pastorate by Rev. B. Miller, who ac- cepted the call of the church April 9, 1856. He continued with the church until his death which oc- curred in 1861, caused by a fall from a load of ha^'. The next minister was the Rev. Lucius Parker, who was called Feb. 25, 1862. He remained until Christmas. 1864, when he retired to engage in a secular occupation. In April, 1865, the Kev. Rich- ard Fairbairn was called. During his pastorate the church was enlarged and beautified by the addition of a bell-tower and vestibule. He retired March 30, 1868, after a pastorate of three years. August, 9, 1868, Rev. William Richard was called from the Berlin Congregational Church. He re- mained as pastor until his death, July 31. 1882, terminating a service of fourteen years. After his dealii the church had only occasional preaching until the arrival of Rev. Arthur Spooner, May 1, 1887. He was graduated from the Chicago Theo- logical Seminar^' and was ordained in Princeton. October, 1887. He withdrew September, 1888. During his pastorate the church began various im- provements which were completed by his successor. Rev. Alexander Chambers, the present pastor, is a graduate of the East London Institute, Loudon, England. He was installed as pastor Feb. 19, 1889. Under his ministry the church has increased in membership. A German congregation has been formed and the church building has been reno- vated and improved inside and outside. Among the early settlers of Princeton were a handful of Methodists, who with the Methodist zeal and enthusiasm, organized a class in 1849, and for sometime held their meeting in the bar-room of VVinchell's hotel, there being no other convenient or available place at that time. In 1851 the dis- trict built a small school house in which the society held religious services weekly, until 1854 or 1855, when its present neat and commodious church was built. The church has maintained itself well, has had a steady growtli and is at present in a fairly prosperous condition. Some of the first members are still living, ■■pillars of the church" through all its history. Among the early pastors were Rev. Haywood, Holmes, Shroff, Martin, Whitney, Pierce, Watts and Slater. Later pastors have been the Revs. Boggess, Seely, Day, McHenry, Doolittle, Bullock, Graves and Symons. The Catholic Church of Princeton is attended by Rev. J. Kaster of the Neshkoro Church. The Princeton Rcpublir is in its twenty-fourth volume. It was published four years by Mr. Mc- Connell and later by Rowc and Thompson and J. C. Thompson. In 1884 it passed into the hands of Rawson and Goodell. Its name was changed, soon after- ward, to the G-reen Lake County Denvxrat. and ji 286 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. was published four j'ears by S. D. Goodell, who moved it to Maikesan, where it suspended in 188fi. Tlie Merkur, a German paper was published at Princeton from 1876 to 1878, by P. F. L. Warns and C. G. H. Marksteadt successively. The private banking house of F. T. Yahr, is one of Princeton's most useful institutions. Its capi- tal is 125.000. F. T. Yahr, president and treas- urer; E. F. Yahr, cashier. Among other important interests may be men- tioned its carriage and wagon f.aclories, flouring, feed, planing and sorghum mills, foundry and machine shops, grain elevator and brewery. Wallace Danlz Post. Grand Army of Republic, No. 228, was mustered Oct. 8, 1886, with the fol- lowing officers and members: A. Eggerbroad, Commander; G. T. Hamer, S. V. C; August Mittelstadt. J. V. C; William .J. Frank, Qmr.; Henry Rose, Chap.; Frank S. Merrill, O. D.; Pliilo J. Heskins, Surg.; August Kleiner, O. G.; Edward Harroun, Adjt. ; Henry Crowthe, S. M.; M. C. Russell. Q'mr.-Sergt. ;Silsby Stevens, George Leiches, Caleb Washburn, Peter Zelner, Frank Tucker, William Santo, Julius Riraples, and Loren N. Bennett. A. Eggerbroad was commander in 1886 and 1887 and Frank Tucker in 1888 and 1889. The present officers are Frank Tucker, Commander; G. T. Hamer. S. V. C; Henry Pooch, J. V. C. ; Silbsy Stevens, Qnr.; Henr^' Rose, Cliap.; A. Eggerbroad. O. D.; A. M. Vars, Surg.; August Kleinet, O. G.; Edward Harroun, Adjt. The membership is twenty-eight. St. Marie. St. Marie lies in tlie northwest quarter of Green Lake County. It is bounded north by Seneca, east by Berlin and Brooklyn, south by Brooklyn :md Princeton and west by Marquette County. The While and Fox Rivers flow along most of its north- ern border and the latter traverses the town in a direction from southwest to northeast. There aie no other streams except small creeks. The Pack.iyan and White Hiver marshes encroach much u|)on its territory. The lands surrounding these marshes ; re high, broken and marked bj' uneven sand hills. The balance of the territory is less broken but very sandy.adapted to corn |)roduction and cattle raising. A Noted Pioneer. One of the earliest and the most prominent of the pioneers of this town was Colonel Shaw, of historic memory. Shaw came to Wisconsin in 1845. He traveled over and explored nearly all parts of the State, and decided to settle on the Fox River about four miles below the City of Berlin, opposite the old Mason nurserj'. That was in 1846. He had 20 horses, 120 head of cattle, 168 hogs and some pigs. After a two years' residence there he moved to the site of the old village of St. Marie, called by Pere Marquette in his journal of his voyage to the Mississippi, " Lnmte Ste. M<(ric" in English, St. Marie's hill or bluff. Before this time the Indians had stolen most of his hogs and killed many of his cattle. Such animals as the Indians did not take or kill, were killed by dogs. .Soon after his removal to St. Marie some of his horses were stolen by white men and some died of distem- per. This was the beginning of his ill- fortune. His location at St. Marie was considered the best crossing place on the river, a point at which it was thought the trade and travel of the surrounding country must eventually center. Having his claims contested and impediments put in his way by the Board of Public Works who contended that his claim was too valuable for one man to own, his enterprise was handicapped so heavily th.at other towns soon outstripped .St. Marie in growth and progress. Finally, when it was too late to do Mr. Shaw any good, the Legislature passed a law abro- gating the action of the Board and securing to him that which he had claimed. His whole claim was 205 acres and at one time he w.is offered $10,000 for one-fourth of it, but the action of the Board prevented his closing the bargain. Colonel Shaw was a noted Western pioneer wlio had traveled over nearly all parts of the countrj' and made his home in manv places. It is said he had an Indian wife. Otlior Settlers. Other earl}" settlers were Mason Whiting, David Rosebrook and Edward D. Dyke. The Catholics have a strong organization and a fine church at St. Marie. Mt. Tom, situated about two miles north of the village, is famous for its good lime, which is used exlensivelyin the surrounding country. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 287 Village of St. Marie. The village of St. Marie is pleasantly situated on the rather uneven high bank of land on the east side of the Fox River. In times gone by it bade fair to become a place of considerable importance; but other localities as places of business have shorn it of its advantages for trade and commerce. Its appearance denotes dilapidation and shows that much means was at one time wasted in the endeavor to make a good village at this point. The village plat which was recorded .June 28, 1851, embraces part of section 7, township 16, range 12. This village was thus described thirty years ago: One church edifice in an unfinished condition; a bridge across the river, a steam boat landing; two hotels; one store; one shoe shop, two blacksmith shops, a post-office, a district school, about 125 inhabitants. There is now no post-office of that name. Hamilton. About half a mile south of this village is the site of the village of Hamilton, a competitor with St. Marie for metropolitan honors, which at one time had a population of 125. This town was platted on a showy and extensive scale and looked as well on paper as any town of 3,000 population does now. In the days of its prosperity it had two stores, two blacksmiths' shops, a tin shop, two taverns, a post-office, and a bridge across the river, which the fates in an angry flood at the breaking up of the river in the spring carried down stream, thus sealing the doom of this unstable product of speculation. An old settler thus describes Hamilton as it appeared about the outbreak of the war: "What there was left of the place were four dwellings and a barn. Taverns houses and stores had gone off bodily — the College House of St. Marie moved off under the steady pull of fifty-three yoke of oxen, while some less cumbersome took a more lengthy flight to Princeton where one was occupied as a store by R. C. Treat. State Center. This was the name of another town that was begun in St. Marie, back in the speculative d.iys, and which was subsequently carted away piece meal after it was demonstrated that it would never hang together. It was so named because it was claimed to be in the geographical center of Wisconsin. It would have been easier to have shown that it was in the center of the superficial earth. Soneea. Seneca is the northwest corner town of the county. It is bounded north by Waushara County, east by Berlin, south by St. Marie and west by Marquette Countj'. It is one of the smaller towus of the county and is largely marsh. The land next to Ash ford Isle is level opening. The isle consists of several hundred acres of fine timbered lands — mostly oak and hickory. A small creek to the west divides this isle from Rodney's Isle, which is the highest land in the vicinit}^ and contains over 1,000 acres, with some prominent outcrop- pings of rock near its center. Pine Island has nearly as many acres, but is low and level and not much cultivated. These so-called " isles " and " islands " are but solid patclies of hard ground amid the marshes and partially surrounded by small creeks. Another,Seneca Isle contains over 1,500 acres and is partly cultivated. The town is better adapted to growing grass and raising stock than to ordinary agriculture. The rocky formation near the center of Rodney's Isle, rising to a height of fortj' to sixty feet, is quite like the stone quarried at Berlin and elsewhere but has never been developed to any extent. The outcropping is about forty acres in extent. White River flows through the southeast corner of the town, uniting with the Fox near its southern extremit3^ The Fox forms the east part of its southern boundary. White River marsh is one of the most extensive in the town. Settlemeut and Poimlation. The first settlement in town was made by a Mr Ashford on what is now known as Ashford's Isle. About one of the first houses in town was the Four-Mile House, formerly a tavern kept by a well- remembered boniface named Clogg. There is about equal American and foreign population. At a comparatively early period there was a small English settlement started near the Four-Mile House. Rodney's Isle was mostly settled by Irish. During more recent years some Poles have come into the town. When Marquette County was divided two miles of the east part of Neshkoro were adiled to Senoca, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ;SiTt1lQ niQ-Ql of MarqiKTttQ Coirrjtj, ^ A ORKAT ileal i.hat is of t in connection witli history of Marquette County will be founrl in the chapter on the settlement of (.reen Lake County. The first settlement within the present county limits was made in the town of Buffalo in the spring of 1848 by H. F. Owen and J. I. O'Blainis. A school-house was built shortly afterward, and the first term of school was taught by a man named Birdsall. The lands south of the lake were placed in the market by the Government several years prior to the offering of those lands situated north of that bod}' of water. The first religious services were conducted by a Catholic priest, who otticiated at a mission on an island in Spring Lake, in the town of Shields. This was as early as 1848. The first Protestant clergyman was Isaac Smith, a Primitive Methodist, who held meetings in the different settlements in the fall of 1848. S. A. Pease came to this county in 1850, and was its first practicing physician. The first entry of Government land was May 11, 183G, by John Noyes, in the present town of Packwaukee. This name is given in honor of a friendly Winnebago chief. Karly in the history of this county, before .actual settlement had advanceil or was well begun, foreign speculators, charmed by the beautiful scenery which here abounds, and encouraged by the pres- enie of the Fox River and Buffalo Lake and other bodies of w.ater, located and platted several town sites, which they advertised throughout the East, without accomplishing much in the inducement of settlement, however. The first deed of land in Marquette County (then in Brown County) was dated Aug. 22, 1836. The western towns are peopled mostly by x\.mericans. while in the eastern and northern parts of the countv the foreign element is well repre- sented. James Daniels was the first settler upon the site of Montello, locating in 1849. About the same time the Darts, J. M. and Joseph R. came. Between 1850 and 1852 came John Lewis, Dr. H. S. Pratt, the Kelleys and others, including Phillips & Giddings, merchants, .and K. K. .Smith, hotel keeper. Among other pioneers in various parts of the county were the following: William Morgan, George Reed, Robert Lytic, James Folej', John Bremner, George, Robert and William Mc- Kay, John Madden, John Campion, James Graham, James Mair. David Taylor, David Eggleston, John Annis. Neil Diamond, .Stephen and William M.ay- nard, in Buffalo; William Murphy, H. S. Thomas, P.atriek Clark, P. Mason, John Cleary, James Slowey, William McGinnis, James Briggs, II. H. Parrolt, in Douglas; Christian' Togats, in Crystal Lake; Alexander Potts. James Dyas, F. M. Wicks, Michael Barry, John Barry. William A. Stebbins. James Harris, Joseph Farrington, W. II. Peters, in Harris; the Darts, Patrick McDonald. James Barry, L. O. Evans, Richard iJiddings, Bonaparte Baker. Jo.seph Lake, Elkanah Smith. Solon Davis. William and John Cogan. John Stin- son, Timothy Hayes. Edward Murray, in Montello; Stephen and William Fallis, in Mecan; William Boydcn. the Slades, in Newton; Robert Hume, M. G. Ellison. Rev. Isaac Smith. Thomas Mills, Isaac Brown. W. L. (i.ajlord, H. Brown. L. Felton, R. Wells, D. Coon. George Skinner. William Wal- son. George Denby, George Bain, in Mound ville; PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Michael Powers, Nicholas Geinon, L. D. Ralph, Benjamin Hayes, William Clay, Andrew Scobey, J. A. Wells, in Ncshkoro; E. Pettengill, E. T. Older, C. G. Barker, Jesse Older, William Ewen, David Phelps, S. A. Pease, John Chapman, E. King, Samuel Way man, E. McCoffrey, Robert Page, William Peet, Charles Metcalf, 7^C'hestei Frink, Town Whitson, in Packwaukee; D. K. Deveney, James Clavin, P. Curley, James Cro- arken, in Shields; David Sands, William Stiles, in Springfield; Robert Cochran, Samuel Crockett, Frank and Samuel Russell, Thomas Hamilton, Thomas Block, Charles Crantz, Philo Lackey, in Westfield; William Alford, the Ormsbys, H. II. T.'iylor, William Johnson, Eli McNiitt, in Oxford. Old Settlers' Kc-Unions. An Old Settlers' Club was formed in Marquette County some years ago. A meeting was held in 1876, at which the following programme was car- ried out: Address by Dr. S. A. Pease; subject, "On Top of the Hill;" Addresses and papers suit- able to the occasion, by D. K. Devanej^ H. H. Taylor, F. Abbott, C. S. Kelsey, William II. Pet- ers, H. M. Older, and Mrs. C. G. Barker. Songs were rendered by Frank Russell, and James Foley. The address of Hon. W. II. Peters is given, not be- cause it was more eloquent and schola?-l\' than the the others, but for the reason that it contains more of historical interest: "I did not think it was in the programme thai I should say anything, and am wholly unprepared. But I think it proper that I should say something on this occasion. "I was raised in the State of Neiv York, and came to this State in the spring of 1850, landing in Montello on the 17th day of May, of that year. There was no Montello here then. There were four families of us together. We pitched our tente at the junction of the Fox and INIontello Rivers. liOomis had a log house there, and we got permis- sion for the women and children to sleep on the floor at night, while the men lay out doors under logs, and on the ground. We prospected through the country two days for claims. Everything looked desolate and wild. There were no roads, bridges, or school-houses, and no dwelling houses, with the exception of a few huts along the hanks of Buffalo Lake; there never had been any crops raised here north of the Fox River. The third morning we held a council, and all present voted to hire teams and go back to Milwaukee, except myself. I voted to remain; and when they found I would not go, they all concluded to stay. ''We had a hard time the first year. All the set- tlers that were here were poor, and no work to be had. I bought potatoes to plant, paying $1.25 per bushel for them, and backed them seven miles. On the 14th of July, 1850, I with three others, started for Madison to find work. AVe had to travel fifty miles on foot. The first day we passed through what is now Portage City. The onl^r buildings I noticed, were a hotel and store, on the flats east of Portage. The hotel was kept by Henry Carpenter. We stopped the first night at a little village south- east of Portage. I slept in a new building partly finished. I had but two shillings in money, and that slipped out of my pocket vvhile lying upon the floor. I did not miss it until I went to pay for my breakfast in the morning, five miles away; but I got my breakfast anyway. The next night we stopped at a place called Cottage Grove, consisting of a tavern and a barn. Having no money, I slept upon the barn floor, with neither hay, straw or blankets, and was nearly chilled. In the morning a man said he would hire one of us, at $1 per day, to rake and bind. I went with him, and during the time I worked for him, I learned his name was Will- iam R. Taylor. I found him to be a gentleman, and a firist rate cradler. I bound for him four days. That William R. Taylor was Governor of this State for the past two years, and a good one too. I work fifteen days and earned $15, traveling over 100 miles to earn it. I did it to get some- thing to eat for my little family. "But things are changed now. All through here we see fine farms and farm houses, fine barns, fine roads and bridges, fine school-houses and fine churches, and a refined set of people, the picture of health, and all prospering. We have no jails or poorhouses; we have no need for them. I will here venture to assert that nowhere else on God's earth can you find 9,000 people in one county th.at are so free from crime as are the people of Mar- 290 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. quette County. I will also assert that nowhere can you find so few paupers, according to the pop- ulation, as here; and wliat we have, liave been re- cently imported from other States. Our soil is not the best in the world, but we are able to com- plete with almost any other county in the State for fine horses; we turn out annually a vast amount of pork, beef, butter, wool, and mutton; we have the finest grazing land in the State, with a great extent of natural meadows, besides, our wheat is as good as any raised in the United States; our corn crop never fails us, and for potatoes, we can't be beat this side of California; we have fine timber, good water, and the healthiest locality in the world. "I have traveled through Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa and Minnesota, with the express purpose of ascertaining their advantages and dis- advantages. They have very good soil but they also have a thousand drawbacks that we know nothing about. 1 am satisfied that a man can do better in this county, with a capital of from $1,000 to $10,000, than in any other part of the United States I have ever seen. If there are any here who intend to leave this country expecting to improve liieir condition, they had better give up the idea and remain iiere; because if they do go tlicy will be sure to return, as hundreds have done before. I claim we are a favored people and in a favored location. We who have lived here for twenty-five years have never seen a failure in a crop, a pestilence or famine, riot, murder or robbery. And during my residence here, I have always met witii the kindest treatment bf all the citizens of the county. I have no reason to com- plain of any one, and will here assert that I have not now, and never did have, an animosity against any man, woman or child in the county." " May you all live long to enjoy the fruits of your labors, and meet here annually for many years to come at the re-union of the Old Settlers' Club of Marquette County." The reunion of 1878 was a successful and enjoy- able one. Opera Mali, Montello, was comfortably filled at an early hour by members of the Old Settlers' Club and friends who had assembled to l)irticipate in or witness the fourth annual festival of the Society, Dr. Kussell. of Weslfield, presi- dent of the club, called the meeting to order and the programme of the evening was announced by Dr. S. A. Pease, the secretary. After music by the string and cornet band of Montello, Mr. Pease read the following address, entitled. " Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter,'' which was well received. " In what harmony and how illustrative are the times and things of nature. The spring buds are developed into the cradle by the home fireside. They open into summer blossoms under the warm- ing and cheering ways of the parental sun. They ripen into autumn fruit under the combined influences of education, ex[)erience and observa- tion, and fin,ally drop from the limbs and branches of the old tree and hie away into winter quarters in obedience to the inevitable law of succession which rules and governs the animate and inanimate world. Generation succeeds generation and the seasons roll round and roll on without any appar- ent interruption in their progress and without any apparent falling off in numbers, because when one stops by the wayside another comes aboard, and thus trains of human freight are always loaded and borne on to their final destination. "One or two first-class trains with first-class passengers have run into Montello, not, however, because it is the end of the track, nor because the road is out of repair, but as a place of rendez- vous for a brief consultation over the question whether it is not possible, after all, to transform the whole sjstem and turn winter into spring or summer and ramble awhile among the rich and graceful blossoms and perhaps enjoy the privilege of another autumn season. " To-night we are to settle the question whether we cannot turn our faces from the north, and with tlie heat of a little youthful enthusiasm melt down the icebergs of the frigid zones of old age, throw away the gray hairs of the frost}' period and engage once more and for a season in the laugh of a young child. The joys of early life are not far away — they are onl}' laid iii) in the open storeroom of recollection, and the door is not locked. We have only to knock at its jiortals. raise the latch and walk in. We need not t-arry long enough to get in the way, but only to lake another feast of the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 291 honeymoon and driuk again from the waters of primitive enjoyment and thus add one more inter- esting vohime to life's lilstory. We all have the ability and it is but right and proper to vindicate a determination to play off once a year and go back to the spring and summer of life. The laugh is not all out of us, and we have come here to prove it, and if the memory is a little at fault and we make some mistakes because we have forgotten the precise rule, we will charge it over to a long experience on the Indian Land to be settled when our children shall prove to the world that this countrj' of sand and good health will at a time not far distant become the wealthiest of the whole northwestern portion of this large continent. " Whilst age with a good conscience has its pleasures and enjoyments — else nature has made some fatal mistake — oft it is better to have bread with faith, as a mixed diet makes a better feast. Thus, to-night, let us hash it up and turn all the seasons and all the stages of life into one pool and distribute dividends and perhaps exhaust the entire capital before morning. Let every individual member of this audience assume the position of a a special committee to solicit contributions to the stock of fun and mirth, not even refusing small gifts, nor stop to criticise the form in which they are bestowed." " The past twenty-seven years' histor}' of Mar- quette County was full of intense interest then, as its many pages were written and volumes made up and bound. It will be replete with interest now, in its repetition before those wiio know of its truthfulness and even to those who do not. The time has been when county lines formed no limits to the zealous labors of some of onr office-seeking politicians. The unsuspecting voters of Adams and Waushara Counties have often been set upon by the candidate for office in this connty. P^lec- tioneering was not circumscribed by geographical lines when this country was new. Local town offi- cers have been quite as much at fault in not know- ing a section corner or a section line. Many a poor fellow over in Adams County has been made to contribute money to the border tax gatherers. In fact it is but a few years ago that a load of candi- dates, with more zeal than geography in their pos- session, spent one whole day up in Waushara County and counted up votes enough to make success a certainty in advance, but after election the returned poll-lists were short and the candidates were sick for two years thereafter. I recollect well the large political meetings and the eloquent and stirring speeches made by Mark Derham and Steve Fallis up at Roxo and Forrestville to the Winnebagoes and down in Mecan to the German voters — and they always made it count, because the3' were never beaten. While upon this range of thought, I am reminded of the ten thousand political snarls in this county where the biggest dog was not always on top. You know the battle is not always to the strong, and the adage has been many times verified in Marquette County, but in that respect it is now all quiet on the Potomac, and the Turks have been badly cleaned out and Chi-istianity vindicated over the left. "Twenty-seven years ago the country was new. As the politicians would say, it was a howling wil- derness, and many of the old settlers are mighty sorry they didn't let it howl. Then it was that tlic Indian dug his hole in the ground, and the wolf built his log hut, and the fox, the bear and wild cat played the fiddle and banjo; and it is said by the Christian fathers who survived the Black Hawk War that they had a good time generally, and judging from the early camp-meetings and claim fights in times gone by I should say that religion was one thing very much needed and that the sup- ply was not equal to the demand. Twenty. seven years ago we had cold potatoes and cold prayer meetings; we had plenty of pumpkins the first year, and the same kind of orthodox preaching ; we had a small crop of beans and a few substantial church deacons ; we had screech owls and singino- schools to (.orrespond ; we had flat turnips and many other things that were flat, too, and we haven't gotten entirely over it yet. Yet, after all, we had some good times and sometimes it was hard getting up a good time. Perseverance, however, ami faith in Uncle Sam and the prophets have kept the machine in running order. And finally here we are to-night; perhaps a little worse for wear in some respects, and in behalf of the old people generall3' and in behalf of the generous people of Montello I 292 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. welcome you to this hall, hoping that this social occasion will arapl^- compensate j'Oii for the trouble you liave taken. Let us talk, sing, play, eat and be merry. (We belong to the Mendotas and don't drink any more.) Wliile we have no banks or bags of gold, we are rich in contentment and good health, witii pleasant homes and loving children — but none too many of them — large churches and intelligent ministers with a common sense Christian religion, flourishing schools under experienced teachers, good and instructive newspapers and nearly every town with its temperance organization. " Marquette County is really a good place to live. As the world moves on, the people of this county move with it, and as the future opens yearly its rich storeiiouses of good things our people are determined to get their sliare, and this yearly gath- ering is one of the appropriate ways of acknowl- edging and cementing a community and brother- hood. The canvas of life is checkered and mixed; but we soon learn to distinguish the dark spots by the few that sometimes go it blind and get stuck in the black pool, where is only heard the moans and cries of desponding and deluded victims. Others take warning and escape by going round upon the other side. We have ten thousand rea- sons to be thankful that so many have escaped and so few have got caught in the trap set by the enemy. Again I welcome yon to an intellectual and social feast." At the conclusion of this address of welcome there was music by the orchestra, and then the audience arose and sang " Auld Lang .Syne." Our informant says : " Dr. Pease led off and Dr. Rus- sel dropped in — or perhaps it was iu'ri> rersa — the orchestra essayed an accompaniment ; then some- body else chimed in, then another and another, until every key in the scale was appropriated a^d ren- dered according to individual idea of time. One by one the singers discovered the discord and let up until there were but two left in the choir and these tlie honorable president and secretary. "A'ho ' were energetically beating time, one in long meter I and the other in double time, but neither of whom was uttering a .note. The situation was produc- tive of a huge smile, in which all united with the utmost harmony. Rev. K. G. L'i)dyke was then ] introduced and addressed the audience upon the subject of •' Home." Heart}- applause w.as accord- 1 cd the speaker and during the remainder of tlie evening iiis remarks were frequently alluded to in terms of warmest praise. Another attempt was made to sing — " Home. Sweet Home," this time — but the result was mucli as before, the success being attained in the hearty laugh created. The sjieaking being at an end, formality was dispensed with, and a pleasant season of visiting and social enjo3'ment followed. At about ten o'clock the company ad- journed to the hotels, where oyster suppers were served. Soon after returning to the hall, the floor was cleared, the band took their station and those of the settlers, old and young, who were so inclined danced to their souls' delight. Many of the older people retired shortly- after midnight, but not a few staid to the end, or about three in the morning. The officers elected for the ensuing year were : S. A. Pease, President ; S. Crockett, Vice President ; Philo Lockey, Secretarj\ It was decided to hold the next annual re-union at Westfield. The old settlers' meeting of 1879 was a very en- joyable affair. The meeting was called to order by President Pease. H. H. Taylor, of Oxford, read a paper and was followed by Frank Abbott, of West- field, and James Whitehead, of Buffalo. Mr. White- head's paper was a masterlj' effort and was well re- ceived by th3 old settlers. The paper prepared by Mr. Abbott, "Between Cathartics and Emetics," was very able and carried his audience back to the time when Uncle .Sam was young. Mr. Taylor took them back to the times of the patriarchs, so far indeed that the years that most of them had spent in Mar- quette County seemed onl^- a very short time. The " old uns " then related reminiscences of the early days of the county. Mr. F. D. Forbes then sang a song entitled " Wax Work," and ever}' one, young and old, joined in the heart}- "side shaking" that followed. Refreshments were served at about eleven o'clock and a dance followed. Among those who had more or less to tell of the early days were Robert Cochran, A. H. German. C. Houslett, John Coon, Frank Russell, Thomas Tibbits, Mrs. Rund- lett and others equally well known. The officers elected for the ensuing year were : President, S. A. Pease ; .Secretary, M. G. Ellison. The next annual PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 293 meeting of the club was announced to be held at Montello in February, 1880. Tlie following report of tlie meeting of 1880 was made by Secretary Ellison : "The annual i-e-union of the old settlers of Mar- quette County was held at Opera Hall, Montello, on the 29th of January. The meeting was called to order by the President, S. A. Pease, who then read a salutatarv address, congratulating the old settlers on the return of the anniversary of their social gatherings. Tlie address was followed by music by the Euterpeans. " A paper written by David Taylor was then read by James Whitehead, Mr. Taylor being unable to attend on account of illness. Following this, Mr. Milo Gibbs sang " Grandfather's Clock," accom- panied on the organ by Miss Josie Crouch. Re- marks by C. Tagats showed the manner in former times in which people in his' part of the counti-y used to surmount or rather wade and pull through diflficulties. '• Music by the band was next in order. Re- marks were then made by Dominick Devaney, who in a smiling manner gave a ludicrous description of a scene in the first Justice's Court held in Mar- quette County, ending with a beautiful quotation from one of his favorite poets, Thomas Moore, ' Oft in the Stilly Night,' after which tlie band played again. Next a paper was read by James Whitehead, very ably composed and well read, carrying us away back, but very pleasant to be re- membered. The choir, which I desire to say is one of the best in this part of tlie State, then sung a de- lightful piece of music, but its title I did not learn. A paper was then read by the President, written by John Ellis, of Mound ville, Mr. Ellis not being pres- ent. Music by the band. " Mr. Ilouslett, of Oxford, being called upon to say something, made a few remarks, comparing the economical habits of the young ladies of the past with the extravagant habits of the young ladies of to-day, the contrast being very forcible. They to whom it was addressed ought to profit thereby. Then followed a splendid character song by the the choir, ' We'll have a Mortgage on the Farm,' a very appropriate piece, and performed in a perfect manner, adding as mucli to the general entertain- ment of the occasion as anything advanced or brought forward during the evening. Tiien fol- lowed remarks by the lion. Frank Russell, couched in his own terse, pointed way, which never fails to draw attention and carry conviction. Again fol- lowed music by the band. '•Supper was then announced, when we all re- paired to either hotel and partook of the bountiful repast set before us, and to judge from the manner in which the huge slices of meat and great slices of bread disappeared, one could but think that the 'old 'uns'must in their earlier days have been just the material for ' pie-on-heres.' After supper the hall was put in order for a dance, when the young settlers mixed with the old and kept up the sport until a late hour. It was indeed a glorious gathering." In accordance with notice previously given the old settlers of Marquette County held their next annual reunion at Sim's Hotel, AVestBeld, Jan. 19, 1881. The favorable weather and good sleighing, together with a growing interest in the old folks' festival, combined in drawing out an attendance larger than at any previous gathering. The meet- ing was called to order by the President, Hon. S. A. Pease, and the names of the committee were an- nounced, who were to elect officers and appoint the place of next meeting, followed by music by the band. A salutatory address was then made by the President, succeeded by the singing of " Old Hun- dred " by the audience, after which the reading of an address by the Secretary; next music by the band. An ably prepared and highly interesting paper was nest read by Frank Abbott. Called upon by the President and importuned by the audience, S. D. Forbes sang his popular song, "Regular Wax Work," to the great amusement of all present. The Misses Abbott sang " When the Mists have Cleared Away." In the unavoidable absence of the author, a paper by David Taylor of Buffalo, was read by the Secretary, which in con- ception, poetic sentiment and language bespoke the writer's originality and high rank as a logical reas- oner and word-painter. There was more music. Then came a speech by Robert McMillen, of Doug- las, full of interesting reminiscences of the early times. Mr. John Gaiighran, of Springfield, fol- 294 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. lowed Willi a speech in which he dwelt upon the past, touclied upon the present and character- ized the railroad in the count}', as the •' mill- stone upon the top of us instead of around our necks." Lulu O'Neil, a little girl, sang " I'm a Drunkard's Child" with touching effect, after which Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Ennis entertained the audience with a song. Mrs. Rundlett. Mr. Pond and William Page, of Douglas, made appropriate remarks. Mrs. Dr. Stoddard sang •' The Old Hick- ory Cane;" Miss Waldruflf sang '• The Old Arm Chair," and the audience sang •• In the Sweet Bye- and-Bye." After this the young people spent the remaining hours far into the dim twilight in amuse- ments congenial to their tastes, and the old settlers enjoyed a social visit not soon to be forgotten. An old-fashioned supper was one of the things enjoyed bv old and young. The following reminiscence of the first day in a strange school b\- a boy settler of twenty-six years before is extracted from a paper by .lonas Whitehead: •• Those of you who have gone from Packwau- kec or Montello to Portage, on what is known as the River Road, will remember an old red school house about a mile north of what in early times was known as the Oak Grove House. Passing it a few days ago, my thoughts naturally reverted to the times and days passed within its now decayed and crumbling walls. Amosig its associations no event ma ears he had been well known. Dr. Pease conducted the i):\per until February, 1874. when it was sold to Goodell .s'. master. Oxford was settlen which these operations were b.ased was entered b3- Noyes in 183C and this was the first land entry in the county. "Roxo" was platted in 1850 on j section 15, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 305 The title of immigi-ation in I80O flowed mainly j and another small body of wate to Packwankec. which was named after a friendly chief of the Winnebagos, and for several years it was liic leading business center of the county. The Fourth of .luly was appropriately celebrated here, on the shore of Buffalo Lake, in 1850. James Cook, the first lawyer of the county delivered the oration and a prayer was offered up by Rev. Jona- than Port, a resident of the county, who with his wife was afterward murdered and mutilated by an insane son. Amongthose who came in 1849 and '50 were E. Pettingill, E. T. Older, C. G. Barker, Jesse Older, William Ewen, David Phelps, .S. A. Pease, John Chapman, E. King and Samuel Wayman. Among later comers were E. McCaffrey, Robert Page, William Peet, Charles Metcalf, Chester Frink, and Town Wliitson. The town officers of Packwaukee for 1889 were: C. L. Kendall, chairman; C. H. Chapman, town clerk; W. H. Neale, tieasurer; J. H. Clark. The Village of Packwaukee. Packwaukee is a i)rosperous incorporated village of about 200 population, located in this town on Buffalo Lake and on the Wisconsin Central Line. It is eight miles southwest of Montello. It con- tains a church, a school and a water power flouring and saw mill. Its business interests may he thus enumerated: general stores, by .Samuel A. Phoenix and Wilber Brothers; a furniture store by William Ilaynes; a hardware store and harness shop. b3' C. L. Kendall; hotels, by Abram Collins and Thomas Leahy; m\lliner3- stores, by Mrs. M. Montgomery and Mrs. A. E. Reeves; a flour and saw mill, by Charles E. Richards ; a jewelry store, by E. Rosen- grant; a boot and slioe store, by William Smith. Mrs. L. F. Seaman is postmistress. The village was platted in 1853 by Ira B. Reed and Samuel McCracken. Shields. Shields is just north of the center of the county and is separated from its eastern boundary only hy the narrow town of Milan, which forms its eastern boundary, while it is bounded south by Montello, west by Harris and north bj^ Crystal Lake. The surface of the town is generally level. Mecan River crosses the northeast corner and Mud Lake are in the north- west corner. Corastock Lake is in section 1 1 , southwest from Germania. Montello Lake crosses the extreme southwest corner. On an island in Spring Lake a Catholic society existed as early as 1849. Among the early settlers in Shiel.is were K. D. Devaney, James Calvin, P. Curley and James Croarken. The town officers in 1889 were William Warmbier, chairman: Peter Dunn, town clerk; Rudolph Fenske. treasurer; Julius Hebbe, assessor. Germania. This is a village of about 250 inhabitants, situa- ted on the Mecan River, in the northeast corner of the town of Shields, eight miles northeast of Montello and eight miles north-west of Prince- ton, the nearest railway point. It was settled in 1859 and contains two churches, a water-power flouring-mill and a school. The following-named persons are engaged here in the lines of business mentioned: Henry Cook, harness making; the Ger- mania Companj', general store and stock farming; R. W. Parker, land agent; E. J. Phillips, hard- ware; Herman Teske, blacksmithing; Warnke Brothers, flour and saw mills; William Thomas, shoe maker. .Si)rin<'tiely Pickens Buvnton for Robert Cochrane, who with his brother H. B. Cochrane, located before any one else within the limits of this town. They came in 1849 and located on the site of the present village. When the town was organized, in 1854, H. B. Cochrane became one of the supervisors. After the Cochranes came Samuel Crockett, Austin Stone, William Phillips and others to settle in the village. The Cochranes built a house on the bank of Duck Creek, just south of the saw mill in the village. It was a log structure 16x24 feet with an addition in which the proprietors lived. They boarded fifteen mill hands and kept hotel. This was the first house erected in town. In 1850 the saw mill was built. The postoffice was also estab- lished this year and Robert Cochrane was ap- pointed postmaster. He brought the first mail bag, containing one letter, on his back from Packwau- kee. There were no wagon roads in those d-aj's. In 1853 Joseph Wood built the first hotel in the village. Among the earliest general merchants were AIneck & Older. The business houses of to-da\' may be thus briefly mentioned: General stores — Breltenfelt ater in the fall Isaac went to Stevens Point with two yoke of oxen, and brought back a load of lumber with which they covered the shanty. As soldiers with the army blue on were not verv common then, these men were known in the settlement on the otlicr side of the Fox as "the Soldiers," and their claim, which was near to the Territorial road from Strong's Landing, on the Fox River, to Stevens Point, as the "Soldier's Claim." The brothers lived in tiie shant}- during the winter on rather rough fare, but toward spring found a bee-tree, from ' which they took a large amount of honey, left the tree standing, and took it up tlie next fall, and the next spring commenced to open up a farm. Wiien their claim was made, the Jlenomonee tribe of In- dians owned what is now Waushara County, and other lands on the west side of the Fox River, aud some negotiations had been made looking to the purchase of the same, but the contract was not com- pleted until the spring of 1849. At one time the brothers were ordered to leave, by an Indian agent stationed somewliere on the Fox, and all whites for- bidden to enter upon these lands of the Indians as settlers. They were also ordered to leave by the chief of the Menoraonees. who was known since among the whites as "'Menomonee John," but com- promised with him by breaking some land for a cornfield near what is known as John's Lake — sorae- I times called Jo's Lake — in the town of Mt. Morris. In the spring of 1849, settlers began going west of the Fox. A new road was cut out, about the first of .ALiy, from Strong's Landing to what is now Wautoma, where Philip Green had built a shanty [ during the previous winter, where he staid a part of the time, and a part of the time at his father's, two I and a half miles beyond Strong's Landing (Berlin). I This claim was later sold to a Mr. Atkins, who kept a tavern on it in the winter, but not in the summer (living on his farm south of "the Landing" then) to accommodate lumbermen w'.k^ were going to and returning from the Little Piner}-, leaving the old Territorial military w.igon road in many places, but especially that part of it which went by way of Willow Creek, the new one, which is now known as the south road, going from three to five miles south of it. At the bend in Willow Creek — now near Rich- ardson's Corners, and not far from the "Sol- I dier's Claim" — had been a great camping ground on llie old road, on account of water and feed, and a claim was made here in Ma3'. It had been the custom of the Indians to live during the winter and spring in the "Big Timber," or timber lands in I the eastern part of the county, camping here and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 313 there along Willow Creek, Pine River, and the other small streams, and the custom was continued for many years after the land had come into posses- sion of the whites. In the fall, hundreds of In- dians were to be seen winding their way along to the woods, their ponies loaded with a few cooking utensils, their flag tents, squaws, pappooses and old Indiars, followed by some of the squaws carrying part of the baggage, and by a large number of dogs. Their trails or paths were sometimes deeply worn, as they often went the same route, following one another in Indian file. During tlie winter, hunting parties went out in the openings or in the timber to hunt, as occasion required. The princi- pal game was deer, of which there was an abundance, droves of fifteen or twenty often being seen to- gether in the deer season. There were also some wolves, the gra3' and the black, though not many as compared to other localities at that time, and a good many bears, coming principally from the re- gion of the pines for "shack" or acorns in the fall, many partridges, some grouse, a few prairie chick- ens, badger, otter, muskrats, marten, mink, etc. There was an abundance of wild rice growing about Poygan Lake, and in and along the lower waters of Willow Creek and Pine River, which the Inrlians, or rather the squaws, as thej' alwaj'S did the work, gathered for food. Great quantities of huckleber- ries grew in many of the openings, both the blue and the black, which were gathered in their season by the squaws and dried. Menomonee John lived to be quite an old man. Among the Menoraonees were a great many Pottowatomies and some Chippewas, scattering members of the old Chippewa tribe, of Mich- igan. Nearly all the lakes and streams had names by which they were known to the Indians. Willow Creek was called by the Menomonees "Kee- tah Shawagun Sapa or Sippi," the latter term hav- ing been used by many tribes to designate a river. Fox River was called "Noiiaccogun Sippi;" Pine River, '-Poygan Sippi," from Poygan Lake, Poygan meaning pipe, from the shape of the lake, and Wolf Rirer running into it, which bore in form a re- mote resemblance to an Indian pipe. In the spring the Indians made maple sugar, catching the sap from the maple trees in little birch bark troughs that held from two to twelve quarts each. Troughs were sometimes made of elm bark. Fish — suckers, pickerel and red horse, were then plenty in all the streams, coming up every spring to spawn. They were often caught by putting across the stream a rack or dam of timl)er and stakes so close together that the fish could not pass through, so that it was an easy matter to spear them. After the building of mill dams by the whites, large quantities of flsh were caught every spring for a number of years. It is related that they were so thick at one time below the dam at Poysippi, that people caught them in their bare hands, and carried them away by the wagon-load. The first roads were built on the routes which could be made with least labor. Among the first were the ones already mentioned, leading from Strong's Landing to Wautoma, one was cut out from Poysippi westward, around the timber land, and also one from Pine River south- ward, the two uniting at Willow Creek; also one from the Soldier's mill to Saxville; also one to Mt. Morris. The streams were forded before bridges were built. There was a ford on Willow Creek, near the "Soldier's Claim." Pioneer Wonien. Much may be said (to quote from a paper by J. Mathews on "The Pioneer Women of Waushara County"), in praise of the fortitude of our pioneer women, who were willing to leave comfortable and pleasant associations, and come with their families to build up homes in this, then, wilderness, trod only b\' savage beasts, and still more savage men. Among the earliest inhabitants of this county, were representatives of about every Northern State, and every civilized nation. These settlers were not of the lowest, and perhaps not of the very highest, but of the middle class that make up the bone and sinew of our country. Many of tliem were well educated, intelligent and refined, and I think I am justified in saying that Waushara County's first women were, as a class, well fitted for laying the foundation of a new society, in a new countr3'. I believe thej' were led by a holy ambition to come here to build up homes for themselves and their children. How often we have heard the mother say: "We would never have left the old home and 314 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. come here, If it had not been to get land for the boj's." For this they willingly endured the hard- ships and privations of pioneer life. Many had to go without suitable clothing to protect them from the severity of this Northern climate, and often with insufficient food. Some were obliged to cross the Fox and help carry provisions home on their backs to their families, and often they were found doing the work on the little patches of land cleared, and in many eases their own hands helped to chop and burn the timber from the land. Once accus- tomed to comfortable, well-furnished houses, they here found that rude log cabins or board slianties were the best that could be afforded, and in place of horses and carriages and sleighs, the ox lumber- wagon and log sleds were substituted. Hut while suffering so many privations, toils and hardships, that strength and endurance sometimes failed, and death was a welcome relief from the weary struggle of life, there was a brighter side to this picture. Hope and courage were theirs, for were they not toiling for a spot of earth they could call their own .' And when the land comes into market, and the father or eldest son starts for Menasha with the care- fully hoarded money for which they toiled so long, with wliat anxiety the mother awaits the return, and when the paper which secures to them their home is placed in her hand for safe keeping, what a thanksgiving goes up from that family circle. The best supper for the happy family is prei)ared by the tired but willing hands of the mother. The next day everything looks brighter, the birds sing sweeter, the hills and valleys look more dear. The home is secured 1 All honor to tlie brave hearts and willing hands of our pioneer women. Yours was the hardest t.ask. your sacrifices, trials and hard- ships were the greatest, but you bore them with true Spartan courage. Many of your number have passed over the mystic river, but their names are cherished as holy household wonls, and their mem- ories treasured among things immortal. Many of you are enjoying the fruita of your labors in good, pleasant homes, your children grown up to honor and bless you. I think you can look back with satisfaction on the past, and feel a consciousness that you have acted well your part, and that you have merited the approbation of all who are inter- ested in the advancement of civilization in our land. .\urora. Aurora is the southeastern town of the County of Waushara, and the only one of the eighteen towns of the county that deviates any from a uni- form size, shape and area, the southeast corner, south of the Fox Hiver, having been attached to Berlin, in Green Lake County. Willow Creek crosses the northwest corner with a broadening at Auroraville on its waj' to Lake Poygan. There is much swampland in this town, in which are located wholly the immense Sacket and Carey cranberrj' marshes, owned in Berlin and mentioned in the history of that cit}'. Aurora is bounded on the north by Poysippi, on the east by Winnebago Countj-. on the south by Green Lake County, and on the west by Warren. Prominent among the early settlers of tiiis town were: Henry R. Floyd, who came in 1849; E. W. Daniels, in 1850; N. W. Harrington, in 1851; A. A. Daniels, in 1852; W. F. Williams, in 1854: B. F. and D. L. Davenport, in 1859. Auroraville. The only postoffice in this town is at Auroraville, a village of 300 population, on Willow Creek, eighteen miles east of Wautoma, and seven miles north of Berlin. Settlement began here in 1848 or 1849. The village contains two churches, the general stores of F. P. Corrill and Strang A Wells, the sawmill of .1. Montgomery, the nursery of E. W. Daniels and the hotel of .1. W. Ilollenbeck. T. M. Harvey, Charles Fero and James Brown are carpenters. Blooiiifield. This is the northeastern town of the county, bounded north by Waup.aca County, east by Win- nebago County, soutli by the town of Wausippi. and west by the town of Saxville. It is swampy in most parts, in large tracts, but the intervening land is productive. Some small streams which flow eastward and southward have their sources in this tf)wn. Lake Po3'gan cuts into its southeast corner. Among the early settlers of Bloomfield were: .lohn Howell, the first, in M.iy. 1850; Mr. Kellogg, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 315 Kimball, Metoalf. J. B. Woodwarrl and Cyrus B. Barnes, who came also in 1850 and 1856, respect- ively. West BlooinfleUl. West Bloomfleld is a village of about 300 inhab- itants, twenty -six miles northeast of Wautoma and seven and one-halt miles south of Weyauwega, on the Wisconsin Central line, the nearest railway station. It was settled in 1855, and contains a Lutheran church, schools, the general stores of II. Koehler and A. Bast, the blacksmith shops of W. Loose, William Timm aud R. Wendt. and other interests. This Is the home office of the Bloom- field Insurance Company, of which G. Bachman is President; F. Kopiske, Secretary, and William Kerist Treasurer. Tiistiii. Tustin is a village of about 250 population, on Lake Poygan, twent3'-six miles northeast of Wau- toma, twelve miles from Winneconne, the nearest railroad station, and seventeen miles from Berlin, the nearest banking point. It contains a feed mill owned by the Leverson Brothers, a saw mill, owned by the same parties ; a saw and heading mill, owned by Clark & Nelson; the hotel of O. C. Jenks; the boat-building establishment of F. La Borde uthwcstcrn part is swampy. Good farms abound in all directions. The Marion granite out- cropping is elsewhere referred to. September 24, 1848, Isaac and Willi.am Warwick, two brothers who had just been discharged from the Mexican War, made a claim to a piece of land now section 2 in the town of Marion. They built an 8x10 log shantj' and became the first settlers in Waushara Countj'. In the fall, taking two yokes of oxen, Isaac made a trip to Steven's Point and secured lumber for the erection of a more substan- tial house. Tliis settlement was made on the Indian lands, and though they were ordered to leave by both the Indians and the Indian agent, they in various ways appeased their wratii and remained and became the nucleus of the present settlement of Waushara. S. A. .and T. F. Metcalf came in 1819 and 1850 re- spectively. The first child born in the town was Emerson Leach ; and a child was born at D. C. Hills' about the same time. The first marriage was that of Jane Augusta Parker, of Marion, to E. C. Ilobart, of Oshkosh, by Bishop Kemper, of Milwaukee. The first death was that of old Mr. Hollister, who was killed by the caving in of a well in June, 1850. The first public house wps kept b}' A. P. Fuller, at Spring Lake. The first scliool w.as taught in a log school house on land now owned by John Leach, by Adelia Holcomb, in the winter of 1850-51. Elder Milliken. of Saxviile, was nn early exhorter .and preacher. Sarins Lake. Spring Lake is the onl}- post-ollico in this town. It is nine miles northwest of Wautoma and thirteen miles northwest of Berlin, tiie nearest railroad sta- tion. Here are the general store of Thomas H. Joslin and the hotel of A. P. Fuller. The poi)ula- tion is about 25. Mount Morris. Mount Morris is the third from the eastern limit of the county in the middle tier of towns. Its boundaries are as follows: On the north, the town of Spring Water; on the east, the town of Leon; on the south, the town of Marion; on the west, the town of Wautoma. Within these bounds are Hills' Lake, Sauk's Lake, Fairburn Lake, John's Lake, and several other small bodies of water. Some PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 319 small creeks have their course wholly or in part within this town. There is considerable swamp land in the western central part, but most of the soil in the town is measurably productive. Fish Lake encroaches a little upon sections 31 and 32 of this town, but most of it lies over the line in the town of Marion. The first settlement in this town was made in 1849 by E. W. Alverd and William Tibbitt. Thomas E. Cope and Floyd E. Barker came in 1850, and Benjamin F. Raeppoll, in 18.56. Cok'brook. Colebrook is a post-ottice on Willow Creek, in this town, seven miles east of Wautoma and twice that distance northwest of Berlin, the nearest railroad station and banking point. There are a blacksmith shop, a feed mill and other industries here. The population is about 7.5. Mouut Morris. This is a hamlet of about 25 inhabitants, on Wil- low Creek, seven miles from Wautomiaand twenty miles from Berlin. It was settled in 1854, and contains a church, a school, two general stores and a water-power flouring mill. Early Events, A child of N. and Anna Nelson, born July 26, 1850, was the first born in the town. The first marriage was that of Andrew Delseals and Cather- ine Campbell, in the fall of 1854, by Captain Sax. The first death was that of Margaret Nelson, Aug. 11, 1850. The first religious meeting was held in N. Nelson's house. William Stewart preached. A Methodist "class" and Sunday-school was organ- ized in the same house in 1854. The first school was opened at "the mountain" in district No 1, Mary Morse, teacher. The first school house was erected in 1854. Oasis. Oasis is of the northern tier of towns and the second from the western border of the county. It is bounded on the north bj^ Portage CJount}', on the east by the town of Rose, on the south by the town of Deerfield, on the west by the town of Plainfield. Oasis is level and adapted to farming. There are no important streams in the town but there are within its limits several small bodies of water scarcely large enough to be digni- fied by the name of lakes. William Lord settled in this town about 1819, and kept a tavern. Other settlers and men of mark were N. K. Redlon, John Peevy, W. E. Crowe, E. F. Currier, I. C. Herrick, R. R. Crowe, Thomas Hyde. Oasis. This is a post hamlet of about fifty |)Oi)ulation, and the only post-office in this town. It is twelve miles northwest of Wautoma and six miles south- east of Plainfield, the nearest railway station. Plainfleld. Plainfield is the northwest town of the county. It is bounded on the north by Portage County, on the east the town of Oasis, on the south by the town of Hancock, and on the west by Adams County. This town is nearly level. It has no large streams. The Wisconsin Central line crosses it north anil south in the east part, with a station at Plainfield Village. Sand Lake is a small body of water in the southeast corner. The first settlement in the western part of the county, was made in this town, in 1849, bj' Thom- as and William N. Kelly, father and son. C. E. Waterman and Charles Hamilton came in the win- ter of 1849-50, and located at the site of the pres- ent of Plainfield. Tlie ViUage of Plainfield. Plainfield, seventeen miles northwest of Wauto- ma and twenty-two miles south of Stevens Point, is one of the wide-awake and progressive villages on the line of the Wisconsin Central Railroad. It is the center of a good country- trade and the ship- ping point of large quantities of grain and live- stock. In 1852 E. C. AVaterman settled on land now within the corporate limits of the village and erec- ted a shanty 12x16 feet which he used as a dwell- ing and hotel. It is left to the imagination of the traveler of to-day to picture such hotel accommo- dations as he must have had. This building was afterwards enlarged into the nucleus of the PlainJ field House, still standing on Main Street. Others who came early to Plainfield were Judge 320 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. T. H. Walker, in 1850; Jesse Bentley anfl familj', in 1850; and Samuel "Westbrook in 1852. In March. 1855. W. W. Beach, who became one of Plainfield's most honored citizens, settled in the village and built the next house. Charles Hamil- ton was among the very earliest settlers of the town. He, with Messrs. Waterman and Beacb, built the first school house and Miss Mary Chester was the first school teacher. William Kelley, the very first settler in the town of I'lainfield, who came as early as 1848, located just south of, but not within the village limits. Earl}' in its history, the little settlement on the present site of I'lainfield was called Norwich; but when the post-office was established and it became necessary to choose a name for it, Plainfield was decided on at the suggestion of E. C. AVaterraan, the i)ostmaster, from I'lainfield, Vt., in honor of his earlier home. About this time (1855,) came G. W. Sheardowu and Charles Mann. The former erected the second house after Mr. Beach's and the latter the third. Having been named, the village was platteil the same year by .S. W. Hall, surveyor for E. C. Waterman, proprietor. Hamilton's and other less important additions to the village have been platted. The location of a postottice and the platting of a village is always the signal for fresh growth. This proved true in I'lainfield. The first gristmill and a sawmill run in cODncction with it were erected by Cady & Chamberlain in 1856. It was burned, however, in 1857, and rebuilt. Beach & Chester had opened the first general store in the place the year before (1855). Thus, by 1856, the ground- work had been laid for the present prosperous vil- lage. The building of the railroad gave it an ad- ded impetus, and it now ranks as one of the most thriving and promising villages in this section. An idea of its rapid growth during the past twenty years may be gained from a comparison of its bus- iness in 1869 and at the present time. Then the following names were those of all of its prominent business men in all lines: Sherman Bordwell, B. F. CrilHth, .1. B. Mitchell. F. B. Munson, J. A. Ko- zell, general merchants; J. F. Cannon, Hamilton iV Rist, blacksmiths; J. H. Millington, merchant tai- lor; H. R. Happ, wagon maker; G. W. Sheardown. druggist and postmaster. Of course grist and saw- mills were in operation at this lime. At the pres- ent time Plainfield has fifty or sixty business estab- lishments, including the Bank of Plainfield, H. N. Drake, proprietor; the general stores of Sherman Bard well, F. J. Luce & Co., and L. S. Walker; the planing mill of W. .1. Durham; the flouring mill of O'Cain it Bardwell: the marble works of Joseph T. Sherman; the Mitchell House, Coon & Perrins, proprietors and the Plainfield House, J. L. Shaw, proprietor: the drug store of Bishop B. Borden, and the farm implement warehouses of George B. Fox, Charles H. Millington and Albert J. Steele. J. T. Ellarson some years since published a pa- per here named the I'lainfield Tinics. It was local in character and Republican in politics. The Sun. published by L. W. Chapman, is in its seventh volume. It is a five-column, eight-page pai>er, de- voted to upbuilding the best interests of Plainfield and vicinit}', ably edited and with a large and growing circulation. A special feature is its large amount of local correspondence from towns around about, which makes it one of the newsiest sheets published in this section. Walter Waterman Post, No. 197, G. A. R., was organized Aug. 22, 1885, with the following char- ter members: J. B. Mitchell, Henry McCallin, H. B. Holmes. J. C. Rowsam, Peter Mitchell, Frank Rathermel, L. S. Walker, J. P. Lane, L. D. Stilwell, S. S. Mills, E. M. Pickering, A. M. Pierce, Geo. B. Fox, Henry Washburn, Frank Briggs, H. C. Wood. C. B. Foss, W. W. Gillett. G. D. Foss, John Metier, R. R. Crowe. B. F. Powell, Geo. D. Ball, Joseph Waters, B. B. Borden, Gideon Crowe, A. Allen, Andrew Lutz, Geo. Goult, Jas Rozell, A. D. Dewitt, Louis Thiele, JohnTibbetts, .S. Bent- ley, I. N. Copeland, E. G. Eaton, W. A. Rozell, A. Steven.s. W. W. Stilwell, D. B. Culbertson, R. H. Runcorn, B. R. Hutchinson. I. C. Herrick, John Townsend, R. D. Sparks, Joseph Sherman, Arad Lakin, .s. C. Waterman, John E. Wilson and John Peevy. The first officers were: Com. R. H. Runcorn; S. V.C. J. B. Mitchell; J. V. C, Peter Mitchell, Surg;, I. C. Herrick; 0. Day., H. B. Holmes; Q. M.. L. S. Walker; Adjt. R. B. Hutchin- son; O. G., Geo. Foss; Chap., R. D. .Sparks; .Ser. Maj., S. C. Waterman; Q. M. Ser.. G. D, Ball. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. The present officers are: Com., R. H. Runcorn; S. V. C, Geo. Foss; J. V. C, Arad Laken; Surg., I. C. Herrick; O. Day., J. T. Sherman; (J. M., H. F. Treadwell; Ajt., S. C. Waterman; O. G., B. A. El- liott; Chap., A. W. Alderman : S. M., L. H. Weldon; q. M. S., H. C. Wood. Plainfleld Lodge, F. A. M., No. 208, holds its regular meetings on the first and third Saturd.ays of each month, at Masonic Hall, over Sherman Bardwell's store. W. B. La Selle is Worshipful Master and George B. Fox is Secretary. The village officers of Plainfleld in .January, 1 890, were: President, B. B.Borden; Trustees, E. M. Pickering, H. E. Pratt, W. W. Runcorn, F. J. Luce, J. H. Mattice, W. T. Michi; Clerk, L. W. Chapman; Assessor, John A. Printup; Treasurer, L. S. Walker; Justioe of the Peace, George Spees; Police Justice, H. F. Treadwell: Marshal, George W. Goult. There are three churches in the village: Metho- dist Episcopal, Rev. A. W. Alderman, pastor; Bap- tist, Rev. J. U. R. Wolf, pastor; and Congregational, worshiping in the Baptist Church, Rev. E. A. Child, pastor. Early in its history Plainfleld was the scene of the dread culmination of a tragedy such as few towns in this part of the country have witnessed. Its story will be found interesting as a dramatic chapter of the history, not only of Plainfleld, but of the county. In 1853, there settled on a piece of land on Big Prairie, in Waushara County, a man named Firman. Some time thereafter being in Milwaukee, he fell in company with a man from Chenango County, New York, named Cartwright, who was looking for a place in which to settle. Firman induced him to come up to Big Prairie, oflfering him one "forty" of the land on which he had squatted. Cartwright came home with Firman, liked the appearance of the country, went to work and built a log house on the "forty" Firman had agreed to let him have; and, after staying about the place a few weeks, started back to New York to sell out, settle up his affairs and bring on his family to his new home. In due time he returned and went into his log house with his family. For a time all things went on harmoniously, until Firman, whose habits and disposition were of a somewhat lawless char.icter, got into some controversy with Cartwright, who was inclined to keep within and stand upon his legal rights, and a series of lawsuits arose between them for trespasses, assaults, and a variety of other contentions, which kept the justices of Berlin and Princeton (where the}' were obliged to seek law, Waushara County being then attached to Marquette Count}' for judicial purposes) com- paratively bus}' in adjudicating their disputes. This went on until all tiie means and credit of the parties were exhausted. In the meantime the "In- dian land," as all northwest of the Fox River was called, was taken upand pre-emptors were required to make "final proof." Firman had continued to assert a claim to the property he had given Cartwright dur- ing the period of their quarrel, and the rough and lawless elements in the community had sided with him in the controversy, while the law-abiding class were friendly with Cartwright. The day previous to that on which they were notified to appear at Menasha to " prove up" their claims, Firman had been arrested on a warrant for some offense, and his exarain.ation was fixed for the same day on which he wislied to get to the land office. As he could not be present to contest Cartwright's claim to the "forty," which the latter obtained a dupli- cate for, he started home immediately after his case was disposed of and in the bar-room of the hotel at Wautoma, where he stopped, ho met Cart- wright, whom he accused of "swearing to a lie." A quarrel ensued, and at length, angered by a bitter insult, Firman sprang upon Cartwright, struck him repeatedly and at length knocked him out of his chair (for he was sitting) against the stove, which tumbled over and scattered live coals over the floor. The bystanders pulled Firman off of Cartwright who immediately got up, and passing through the house went into a large frame building which had been lately constructed on the west end of the diningroom of the log building. After a few mo- ments. Firman went through into the kitchen and not seeing Cartwright enquired where he was, and being told by the serv.ant girls that he h.id gone into the frame building, started after him. When he entered the room where Cartwright was he sprang towards him. Cartwright ran out of a side door onto the platform in front of the building, Firman following him and catching him by the collar just 322 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ns he sprang from the platform at the southeast corner of the building, where a hitching-post had been erected, and twisting down Cartwright's head tried to gouge his eyes. Cartwright being unable to release himself put his hand in his back pocket, drew a pistol and began firing and at the second or third discharge Firman released his hold and dropped. He died in about an hour. Cartwright was at once arrested charged with murder. The next day he was held for trial. Mr. J. V. Swetting, of Berlin, (ireen Lake County, passing through Wautoma in company with the district attorney, learned tliat the friends of Firman intended to Ij'nch Cartwright, and 'witii then withdrew from the house, and on consultation concluded to burn the building and commenced kindling a fire at one corner where the logs came to the ground. Cartwright then poked his rifle through between the logs and firing, killed another of the party, whereupon the rest retreated from the house and after a second consultation sent a constable who was one of the party to the house of Judge Walker living near Plainfield and about four miles from Cartwright's, of whom he w.os a verj- warm friend. Walker was duped into going back with the constable and to assure Cartwright that the crowd of 13'nchers had dispersed and that if he would surrender himself to the constable lie the district attorney he went to the justice who had | (the constable) would protect him and return held Cartwright for trial and told him that he (the justice) would be held responsible for what might follow if he did not immediately make out a com- mitment and send the prisoner to jail. The justice pleaded that he had no form book and did not know how to write out a commitment. Mr. Swett- ing wrote the necessary document and the justice signed it; and in charge of a constable Cartwright was at once started for Oshkosh, where the nearest jail was located. They proceeded as far as Berlin that afternoon, and the next da3' Cartwright was lodged in jail to await his ti-ial for murder. There he quietly remained until after the passage of an act by the Legislature of Wisconsin abolishing the death penalty; and as by the statutes of the State, all offences except a capital offence, were bailable, shortly after the enactment became a law Cartwright obtained bail and returned to his home. On his way home in i)assing through Berlin he was warned that the friends of Firman threatened to lynch him if he ever again came to Big Prairie. He insisted on going home, taking the precaution of arming to Oshkosh jail until he could be tried. This Walker finally prevailed upon Cartwright, against his own judgment, to do, and he started from his house in companj' witli the constable and Walker. The}' had not proceeded twenty rods from the house when they were surrounded by the mob. Cartwright was taken from the constable, who made no resistance, put into a sleigh with the crowd and driven rapidly to Plainfield, where a pole was run out of the upper story of the hay barn belong- ing to the tavern. A rope w.ag attached thereto and several bunches of shingles were piled up for Cart- wright to stand on. Walker who had followed and was appealing to the mob to desist, was told that if he did not leave he would be hanged with Cart- wright. The rope was noosed about Cartwright's neck, the shingles were pushed from under him and he was left hanging until he w.as dead. Then the rope was untied from the polo and attached to the rear of the sleigh, and Cartwright's body was dragged behind the sleigh to his home and thrown into his house where his horror-stricken wife and himself with a i)istoI and having already a rifle at | children had been wondering at his fate. home. The second night after his arrival home, about 1 1 o'clock, P. M., the front door of his house was broken in and his son, who was sleeping on the lower floor seized in bed by about a dozen men and carried out of doors. On discovering their mistake the lynchers let the boy go and rushed again into the house and up the ladder which led to the upper floor. The first man whose head appeared aljove the floor was shot and killed instantly. The crowd To the shame of the good name of Waushara County, the human fiends who participated in this murderous outrage against law and right were never punished nor even prosecuted, though many if not all of them were known; but some of thera have met death by violence. Pojsippi. The town of Poysippi is the eastern one of the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 323 middle tier of towns of Waushara county. Lake Poygan takes up about three sections on the east border, nortli of the center and into it are emptied the waters of Pine River and Willow Creek and their tributuries. About two-thirds of the town is swamp land. This town is bounded on the north by the town of Bloomfield, on the east by Winne- bago County, on tlie south by the town of Aurora and on the west bj' the town of Leon. Among tlie early settlers of Poysippi were W. G. Strallon and Benjamin Cody, who came in 1850, and T. L. Hall wlio came in 1853. The very first was !\Lartin Becker, in 1850. Poysippi. Poysippi is a postoffiee village of about 200 population on Pine River, eighteen miles north-east of Wautoma and thirteen miles north of Berlin. The latter is Po3'sippi's nearest railway town. Posippi derived its name from the Pine River, which was first called Poysippi b}' a Pottawottomie Indian. " Poy " from Poygan — "sippi" a river. The river ran into Poygan Lake, hence a " Poygan sippi," contracted to Poysippi. The village is located on a rise of ground four miles from Poy- gan Lake. Dr. Ewing, George Hawley, Jacob Cady and Nathan Barker were the first settlers. George Hawley, Mr. Becker and Vernon Evans were the first that made claims here in the winter of 1850. The post-office was established in 1851, with George Hawley as postmaster. The present postmaster is John Moffatt. Tlie village was platted by George Hawley in 1856. Twenty-five years ago the leading business men and citizens of Poysippi were the following: D. Baxter, boot and shoemaker; R. P. Colt, post- master, justice of the peace, and general merchant; J. S. Ewing, physician and surgeon; James W. Gardner, physician and dentist; George Hawley, manufacturer of lumber and wagon and sleigh stock; E. P. Knapp, blacksmith; R. D. Moore, wool carding: C. S. Spencer, cabinetmaker; John Vin- cent, carpenter; Levi Winchell, hotel keeper. A mile northeast of Poysippi was Woolsey's sawmill. The leading business men of to-day are Becker & Han- son, pump makers; W. AV. Chase, grocer; Clarence Clark, blacksmith; John Moffatt & Co. and R. P. Colt, general merchants; George W. Contauch, grocer; Fred M. Hawley, hotel keeper; G. G. Mc- Cue and N. Matthieson, masons; Henry Moffatt, carpenter; George Soraers and John Montgomery, saw mill proprietors; Poysippi Cheese Company, cheese manufacturers; Dr. H. A. McWain is a resi- dent physician. The village contains two churciies, known as the Methodist and the Presbjterian. James S. Ewing Post, No. 231, Grand Army of the Republic, was organized in 1886, and has had F. E. Noyes and R. P. Colt as Commanders. Its present officers are R, P. Colt, Commander; F. Blaisdell, S. V. C. ; E. Taber, J. B. C. ; H. Lam ■ pbear, O. D.; J. McGregor, Adjt. ; C. Spencer, Qmr. Its membership comprises all of the veter- ans living in that part of the county. Early Events. The first child born in this town was Mr. Rich- ardson's, in July, 1850. Its death in September following was the first. The first marriage was that of Jacob Van Aernam to May Cady, b}' the Rev. Mr. House, in February, 1852. The first public house was kept bj' Martin Becker in a board shanty on the bank of what is now the mill pond at Poysippi. The first religious meeting was held in the chamber of the George Hawley residence. Rev. Mr. Hast- ings preaching the first sermon. The first " class " was organized in the winters of 1850-51 by Rev. Mr. Barringer. Miss V. G. Newcomb taught the flrsl school in a board shanty on section 7. The first regular school house — a frame building was built in the village in 1854. Catharine, Van- Aernam was the first teacher in it. Richford, The town of Richford is the second from the west border of the count}^ of the southern tier of towns. It is bounded on the north by the town of DcerQeld, on the east by the town of Dakota, on the south by Marquette County, and on the west by the town of Coloma. The Mecan River, which may be said to have its source in the north-east section of the town of Coloma, flows across Rich- ford in a south-easterh' direction. In the south part rise small streams which in Marquette 324 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. County become tributaries to the Mecan. Pine Creek and other small streams have their source in the northeast part of the town. There is some swamp land in the east part, but most of the town is fairly- good farming land. Among the early settlers in this town was AVill- iam S. Monroe, who came in 1857. Other earl}- and prominent citizens were William Durgin. F. B. Cogswell. L. M. FoUett, Elias Follett, Hiram Durgin and C. Tififany. Richford. Richford, on the Mecan River, in this town, nine miles south-west of Wantoma, fifteen miles south of Plalnfield and five miles southeast of C'oloma Station, the nearest railroad point, is the only post- office in this town. It contains two churches, a school, the water-power flouring mill of A. Weshner ake. Cedar Lake is another post-office in this town, twenty-two miles northeast of AVautoma, and nine miles south of Waupaca, the nearest I'ailroad sta- tion. It contains little of business importance, and only a small population. E. Emerson is Post- master, and William James deals in lumber. Spring- Water. This town derives its name from the number of lakes and springs within its borders. The larger of these are Pine Lake and another east of it in the north part; Gilbert Lake and Long Lake south of the two just mentioned, the latter extending into the town of Saxville; Silver Lake in the south- west part; and Lewis Lake, Rusk Lake and Round Lake in the southeast part. Between these lakes rise numerous small streams, which unite with Pine River and make the principal volume of that stream. The soil is marshy. The boundaries of the town are as follows: North, Portage and Wau- paca Counties: east, the town of Saxville; south, the town of Leon; west, the town of Rose. The first settlement in this town was made in 1849 bj^ John Hughes. Richard Davis was one of the pioneers. Ebenezer I. Davis came in 18.52. George Stetson and John W. Lane came the same year. E. R. Humphrey came in 1854; M. C. Wilson in 18.55; Joseph Brigham, in 1856. Wild Rose, Wild Rose is a village of about eighty popula- tion, on a branch of the Pine River, on the line between the towns of Rose and Spring Water, nine miles northeast of Wautoma, and sixteen miles east of Plainfield. It was settled in 1874, and contains a water power, grist-mill, a church and a school. Charles A. Smart is postmaster and pro- prietor of the only general store. The mill is owned by James Larson. Mrs. Mary Gordon keeps a hotel. George A. Sage has a blacksmith and wagon shop. S. G. Abbott is a resident phys- ician and dentist. Spring Water. Spring Water is a village of about 150 inhab- itants in this town, eighteen miles northeast of Wautoma and twelve miles south of Waupaca, the nearest railway station. It was settled in 1852, and has two churches, a school, a sorghum manu- factory and other interests. M. C. Wilson is Post- master. Early Event.s. Robert Christie was the first child born in this town, Feb. 14, 1852. The first death was that of Morgan Davies, in March, 1852. The first school was taught in 1852, at the house of Owen Owens, bj' John E. Davies, afterward Professor of Chem- istry and Natural Philosophy in the State Uni- versity at Madison. The first schoolhouse was of logs. Warreu. The town of Warren is the second from the eastern border of the county of the southern tier of towns. It is bounded on the north by the town of Leon, on the east by the town of Aurora, on the south by Green Lake County, and on the west by the town of Marion. Willow Creek flows east- wardl^' across the northern half of the town. Jor- dan's Lake is a small body of water in section 24, near the eastern border. Much of the to^vn is swamp land, but good advance has been made in agriculture in some parts. The settlement of this town began in 1849, when John C. Williams, William F. Chipman and family, and John H. Dedrick and family arrived, followed soon by Lewis H. Bagg and Mr. Shepard. These all settled in the southeastern part of the town, as now bounded. A school, the first in the county, was started in this town in 1849. instruc- tion was given by Mrs. Diana Carr, who Jived in the family of Mr. Bagg. Tuition was paid by subscription. The first district school was opened in 1851. Henry W. Berray came in 1850, and Will- iam O'D. Reilley in 1853. Haniiltou. This is a hamlet of about twenty population, sixteen miles southeast of Wautoma and nine miles northwest of Berlin. The principal interests here are the dairy, blacksmith shop and sawmill of Thomas E. Decker, and the cheese factory of J. R. Wilcox. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Wautoma. The Town of Wautoma, which is all that is left of the large original town of that name, lies in the center of the county noith and south and just west of the center east and west. The surface is uneven in most parts, and in the southern portion there is considerable swamp land. It is one of the best towns in the county for agricultural purix)ses. Sev- eral small streams in the south part unite be^-ond the town limits to form the White River. There is a small body of water in the north part, on sec- tions 10 and 11. This town is bounded on the north by the town of Rose, on the east by the town of Mount Morris, on the south by the town of Dakota, and on the west by the town of Deer- field. In 1849 a new road was opened from Berlin to what is now Wautoma. At the latter place, Phil- lip Green had built a shanty during the winter of lS4,S-49. This claim was afterward, in 1849, sold to Mr. Atkins, who kept a tavern during the win- ter season for the accomodation of the lumbermen going into the woods above. B. S. Williams came in 1854. Other early settlers are mentioned in the following sketch of the village of Wautoma. The VUlajje of Wautoma. Wautoma. the judicial seat of Waushara County, in the center of which it is situated, is a place of about 500 population, on the White River, thirteen miles east of Coloma, the nearest railway point, and twenty-two miles northwest of Berlin, the county seat of Green Lake County, on the Berlin and Stevens Point road. Its inhabitants are en- gaged in the various industries of an agricultural region. There is scarcely an element that marks a quiet, moral village that Wautoma does not possess, and at the same time it is the center of a good and increasing country trade. The original settler upon the site of the village of Wautoma was Phillip Green, in tiie winter of 1848-49. He built a log house which was used as a tavern. Soon after Mr. Atkins purcliased his claim, and later the Shumway brothers, who set- tled in the early part of 1850. J'he country was then rich in pine, and the Shumw.i^'s improved the waterpower, built a saw- mill and a store bouse, and christened the place "Shumways' Mills." The next year John Bugh. who identified himself with the growth of the vil- lage, opened a farm a mile north. In 1852 F. Munsen brought a stock of goods from Ohio and opened the first general store in Shu mwa^'s store house. In 1853, from Dane County, came David L., now known as " Judge" Bunn, and established a general store. About the same time Levi L. Soule located with his family upon the land where his res- idence now stands, and as he expresses it, " built a house around them." His law office was over Judge Bunn's store. The first hotel was the AVau- toma House, N. W. Boynton, proprietor. Tlie original plat of the village of Wautoma was recorded Dec. 24, 1853. S. W. Hall was surveyor and William Everliard proprietor. The latter had purchased the Shumway claim, which included the land platted. G. W. Smith bought of him a half interest in the village property, and the two built a grist mill which was in running order in the winter of 1854. This year was an important one in the early history of Wautoma. The village re- ceived several important accessions to its popu- lation, among other arrivals being that of Dr. Moses Barrett, a physician, afterward County Treasurer, and the recipient of many public favors. Marble «fe Curtis estaUlished another general store. For three years — since the organization of the county — the county seat had been located at Sacra- mento, three miles from Berlin. In September, 1854, by a vote of 740 to 397 it was removed to Wautoma, and there has been no reversal of the vote cast at that time. When the county business was first removed to Wautoma, the sessions of the courts were held over Marble & Curtis' store with- out cost to the county. The rooms of the Treas- urer and Clerk of the Board of Supervisors were furnished by C. M. Shumway; that for Register and Clerk of the court by Alvah Xash; that for the Sheriff's office by W. C. Webb; while the school house was used for a grand jury room; and with- in one month after the election all theoUicers were at the new county seat. The first building owned by the county for a court house was bought in 1857 of G. W. Smith, for $1,237, and the deed was PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 327 given August 30. A fine, commodious brick court house has recently been erected at a cost of $10,000. It is beautifully situated on high ground in tiie southerly part of the town. The location of tlie countj' seat decided, the vil- lage grew as rapidly as others in its vicinity, at least up to the time when it l)ecame apparent that it would have to wait indefinitely for railroad con- nection. When the railroad from Milwaukee is ex- tended in that direction, as it must be eventually, Wautoma will certainly become one of the princi- pal points on this line and must gain a large in- crease of population and trade. At present it is the natural center and trading point for a consider- able area of country. The land in the town and vicinity is productive, though rather sandy. There is a good water power there, and in the neighbor- hood may be found some of the best pottery clay in the State. Tlie first scliool house was built by contributions, and a school was maintained and religious meet- ings were held in the summer of 1850. The first preacher liere was liev. J. Milliken. In early days the few settlers were exposed to great hardships, and labored under difficulties that would perplex and astonish us now. They had to go to Kingston and Ceresco for their grists and to Dartford for tlieir blacksmithing; and many strange adventures had they on the way, sometimes amusing only, but often perilous. Mr. Boynton had many successors in the pioneer hotel. We may mention E. Martin, Phineas Walker, S. M. Olds, James Pine, Alvah Nash, Alexander R. Potts. The latter had built another house on the other side of the river, and with the idea of wiping out opposition bought the old house, moved it across tlie river and attached it to his other. He was succeeded by James Lyman, Mr. Fluno, Levi Sharp, Mr. Creer, and Ira Coon. The house was burned and rebuilt in 1871, and re- opened by Mr. Coon's sons. Caleb Greenfield kept it later. It passed to the ownership of Alex- ander R. Potts, and from his to that of Bugh & Youngman, the present proprietors. The Lincoln House was built a few years ago. A. E. Bean is proprietor. Among tlie early and later merchants we may mention David L. Bunn, Francis B. Munson, David Lockerby (druggist), W. D. Marble. C. R. MoulLon, Benjamin Markwell, A. L. Trufant & Brother. Joini Slerm, A. D. Mclntyre, Walker & Sexton, Hawley & Berray, Trufant & Son, Sontag & Henkee, George P. Walker and L. Nickerson (druggists). Well known physicians of the past a.id present may be thus named: Moses Barrett, Dr. Lake, Dr. Wilter, Miles G. Myers, Richard Jones, J. M. Whit- man and A. D. Mclntyre. Resident lawyers have been : W. C, H. G., and C. M. Webb, Levi L. Soule, R. L. D. Porter, W. H. Mitchell, H. J. Curtice and Sheridan J. Ab- bott. The business, professional and other interests of Wautoma twenty years ago are given from an authentic source: Bean & Kingsley, carriage and wagon makers; Albert Bean, blacksmith; David L. Bunn, general merchant; J. S. Bugh, assessor of internal revenue; Miss Lottie Corrie, nulliner and dressmaker; Ira Coan, produce dealer, hotel keeper, liveryman and stage proprietor; John Dougherty, merchant tailor; J. N. Edwards, harnessmaker; William Foote, carpenter; G. H. Gile, county treasurer; George W. Gustin, caliinet maker; A.T. Hall, grocer; D. Lockerby, postmaster and drug- gist; William Lockerby, butcher; Mclntyre & Chaffer, druggists and general merchants; J. McKeague & Co., wagon makers; F. B. Munson, general merchant; Alvah Nash, sheriff, hotel keeper and liveryman; R. L. D. Potter, lawyer and pub- lisher of the Argus; T. D. Remington, jeweler; Rew & Co., furniture dealers; George W. Smith, owner of flouring mills; J. Sontag, boot and shoe maker; Levi L. Sonle, lawyer; C. E. Storm, hard- ware and implement dealer; C. II. Stowcrs, clerk of the Board of Supervisors and assistant assessor of internal revenue; A. Strang, circuit clerk; Gilbert Tenant, register of deeds; A. L. Trufant, general merchant; W. A. Warren, deputy collector of internal revenue; L. S. Walker, general merchant; J. M. Whitman, physician and surgeon. At the present time the village contains Metho- dist, Catholic and Congregational churches, a school, a weekly newspaper, a water-power roller flour mill of 100 barrels capacity, and a steam grist mill. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. The following shows the names and oecupations of i the business and professional men of Wautoina at this time: A. K. Bean, liveryman and proprietor Lincoln House; David L. Bunn, stationer; O. C. ^ Davis, wagon maker; Jolin Js. Edwards, harness | maker; Ellarson & Bcrray, publishers Aj-gus; HoUender & Ilanke, millers; C. Kreuger. shoe- ; maker; J. & T. McKeague, wagon makers; L. P. Moulton, jeweler; L. Nickerson, grocer and druggist; S. L. Olds, stove manufacturer; Bugh . ■'^h m INTRODUCTORY. .8-1' jHE time has arrived when it becomes the duty of the people of this county to per- petuate the names of their pioneers, to furnish a record of their early settlement, and relate the story of their progress. The civilization of our day, the enlightenment of the age and the duty that men of the pres- ent time owe to their ancestors, to themselves and to their posterity, demand that a record of their lives and deeds should be made. In bio- graphical history is found a power to instruct man by precedent, to enliven the mental faculties, and to waft down the river of time a safe vessel in which the names and actions of the people who contributed to raise this country from its primitive state may be preserved. Surely and rapidly the great and aged men, who in their jirime entered the wilderness and claimed tiie virgin soil as their heritage, are passing to their graves. The number re- maining wliocan relate the incidents of the first days if settlement is becoming small indeed, so that an actual necessity exists for the collection and preser- vation of events without delay, before all the early settlers are cut dow.i by the scytlie of Time. To be forgotten has been the great dread of mankind from remotest a,i;es. All will be tbrgotten soon enough, in spite of their best works and the most earnest efforts of their friends to perserve tlie memory of their live-:. The nie.ms employed to prevent oblivion and to perpetuate their memory has been in propor- tion to the amount of intelligence tliey possessed. ThT pyramids of Kgypt were built to perpetuate the names and deeds of their great rulers. The exhu- mations made by the archeologists of Egypt from buried Memphis indicate a desire of those people to perpetuate the memory of their achievements The erection of the great obelisks were for the same purpose. Coming down to a later period, we find the ("ireeks and Romans erecting mausoleums and monu- ments, and carving out statues to chronicle their great achievements and carry them down the ages. It is also evident that the Mound-builders, in piling up their great mounds of eartii, had but this idea — to leave something to show that they had lived. All these works, though many of tiiem costly in the ex- treme, give but a faint idea of the lives and charac- ters of those whose memory they were intended to perpetuate, and scarcely anything of the masses of the people that then lived. The great pyramids and some of the obelisks remain objects only of curiosity ; the mausoleums, monuments and statues are crum- bling into dust. It was left to modern ages to establish an intelli- gent, undecaying, immutable method of perpetuating a full history — immutable in that it is almost un- limited in extent and perpetual in its action ; and this is through the art of printing. To the present generation, however, we are in- debted for the introduction of the admirable system of local biography. By this system every man, tiiough he has not achieved what the world calls greatness, has the means to perpetuate his life, his liistory, through the coming ages. The scythe of Time cuts down all ; nothing of the physical man is left. The monument which his chil- dren or friends may erect to his memory in the ceme- tery will crumble into dust and pass away; but his life, his achievements, the work he has accomplished, which otherwise would be forgotten, is perpetuated by a record of this kind. To preserve the lineaments of our companions we engrave their portraits, for the same reason we col- lect the attainable facts of their history. Nor do we think it necessary, as we speak only truth of them, to wait imtil they are dead, or until those who know them are gone: to do this we are ashamed only to publish to the world the history of those whose live? are unworthy of public record. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ^..J.^-, BIDC; Uy^ Pn («'A1L,^ ^STf APT. DAVID EVANS, one of tbe United States Reve- nue Marines, and a pioneer of the city of Berlin, whose portrait appears on the op- posite page, was horn on 11 the 4th of July, 1817, in Meiiouethshire, North Wales, and is a son of David and Ellen (Roberts) Evans, who were also natives of the ^^^fe^ls same country, and were descended C&0''&^ from families of long established ^^f^ worth and high respectability. Our -M^'i^'" subject attended school at Ilarlich, a ^1?. ' seaport, town of his native county, and when fifteen years old, some time in the spring of 18.32, went to sea. He served the most of his ap- prenticeship on the "Swallow," of Carnarvon, sail- ing between Liverpool, Bangor, Carnarvon and New York in the emigrant trade. In 1837, when in his twenty-Drst year, he took command of a vessel sailing in the merchant service between Europe and America, and in 1840 built the "Gwen (or Win- nifred) Evans," which was the first three-masted ship built in the principality of Wales. It sailed principally between Europe and Boston during the summer, making a voyage in the winter to some port on the Mediterranean Sea. On the loth of December, 1844, that vessel was lost^ on Point Eunostus, 01' rather on an outline reef off that point, and just outside of the harbor of Alex- andria, Egypt. The lighthouse, which had stood there from time immemorial, had been removed a few weeks previous to the misfortune, and no ; public statement made of it. On his return home, in 1845, Capt. Evans, at the owner's request; went to Holland to rescue a valuable ship which had been stranded near Texel. He succeeded admirably in his mission, rescuing the vessel, named the "Jane and Eliza," that for I fourteen years was classed A. 1 at Lloyd's. Next he commanded the ships "Northumberland" and "Oregon." In 1847 the latter took 4,000 bales of cotton from New Orleans, and drawing eighteen feet of water stuck on the bar in the Southwest Pass. After several days' detention she was extri- cated, and proceeded to Liverpool. This was said to have been the heaviest cargo of cotton ever taken from the Crescent City to Europe in those days. In the latter part of 1849 Capt. Evans, be- I coming tired of the "Oregon," negotiated for the ; bark "Jane Tudor," which had been newly built in Bath, Me., and which was but a few hundred tons smaller than the "Oregon." He fitted her up in elegant style, with all modern improvements, and ' chartered her for San Francisco with a general cargo and passengers. He made a very successful vo3'age around Cape Horn, reaching San I^rancisco in the height of the gold excitement in 1850. While many vessels lay in that [port deserted by their crews, who had been lured from the fulfill- ment of their contracts with the masters by the glit- tering temptation of sudden riches, Capt. Evans' men remained true to him, and after discharging 340 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. cargo took the vessel on its way. The Captain re- turned by the way of the west coast of South Amerioa and Cape Horn to Europe, whence he continued on his way to Bombay, India, retain- ing almost the same crew which had gone witli him to San Francisco during the gold fever. After several long voj'ages he was induced to taiie com- mand of the steamship "Aruo," of Liverpool, the first steamer whicii sailed from that port to tiie Mediterranean Sea. Although in command of a beautiful ship and in a |)leasant line of trade, Capt. Evans felt that he would enjoy a change. He had made many long voy- ages, and found his health impaired from sojourns in unhealthy climates, so conceived tlie idea that he would go to the great West. In 1853, much against the remonstrances of the owners of his ship in Liverpool, he left her and his beautiful home in Carnarvon, North Wales, and came to Wisconsin, joining his relatives who had preceded him several years. He settled in Berlin, then Marquette County, in tlie summer of 1853, and has since made his home in that community. Not readily finding help to carry on a large farm, he bought a sawmill that had just been finished, and began the manufacture of lumber without delay. The great panic of 1857 made the business outlook discouraging, and the captain again longed for the sea. He went to Boston, where he bought and took command of the "Chesapeake," of that city, a fine large bark, with which he sailed in the trade of the West Lidies, the Gulf of Mexico and South America. I'ntil the breaking out of the War of the Rebellion, when tliat line of travel proved un- certain and unprofitable, he chartered for England and took a cargo from Philadelphia to Her Jla- jesly's Dock Yards, at Portsmouth, England. From there he sailed to Antiqua, West Indies, thence to the Bay of Homhiras, where he loaded for the (Queen's Dock Yards, at Chatham, England. Being in London d.aily, he there learned of the defeat of the Union troops at the battle of Bull Run, and string that the affairs of the country were get- ting worse daily, he concluded to return home and offer his services to the Government. Consequently he went bj' Newca-ille for coal to Boston, and im- ino'liatcly on arriving in tiiat city, s»»ld his ship and tendered his services to the navj' department of the United States. He had an opportunity, which he accepted, to go out to the San Francisco mint with a friend, in charge of some treasure. On arriving at San Francisco, he was appointed a mem- ber of the Naval Board, to examine some young officers at Port Townsend, and w.ts there ap- pointed a Third Lieutenant in the United States Revenue Marine Service, and remained on that side during the year. He then returned to the East for examination, and on his arrival at Wash- ington was promoted to the rank of Second Lieu- tenant, with the promise of further promotion if he could pass a higher examination. He then went on board the frigate '•Savannah," but liaving passed an examination for First Lieutenant, w.as ordered to the steam craft "Naugautuck," and thence to the command of the new revenue steam cutter I '-Kewaunee," built at Baltimore by Robb & Co. A few days after assuming command, a fear was ex- pressed by the citizens of Baltimore that a raid would be made b\' the rebel, Gilmore. and the authorities expected the Captain to place the ship in the best position to defend the cit^-. There were no commissioned officers on board except Mr. Evans, but he had a good set of warrant oflicers and a few good men were sent him from Washing- ton. He consulted Gen. Morris, In- whom he was supplied with fixed ammunition for his eight 24- pounders, '•Dahlgren."and some for the 30- pounder, "Parrot." He hauled the ship to the stream and put springs on his cable. Picking out an efficient crew in the custom house and around the streets, he drilled them until they were excellent gunners, and kept them under arms I'nree or four d.ays. In the meantime, all the banks in the city sent their treasure aboard, and the custom house placed $500,000 under the care of Capt. Evans. In all, the treasure of which he had charge amounted to $13,000,000, which w.as in strong casks that he stowed in the new magazine. They were now ready to receive Gilmore, but he did not make his appearance, so Capt. Evans disbanded his luistily- gathered crew, and returned to Gen. Morris his ammunition, and to the banks and custom house their moneys. Shortly afterward, he received on board all the necessary ammunition and small arms PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 341 as well as several commissioned officers, and was pre- pared for active duty. But a short time had elajjsed. when he was ordered to New Yorlv, where he was assigned to special duty and detached from the ship. After several months, he was ordered to the command of the "Verona," and later the '-Tiger," and was on the latter vessel when the news of the assassination of President Lincoln reached him. Some time later lie was assigned to the position of executive officer of the "Cuyahoga," with Capt. Faunce. About the same time the "Salmon P. Chase" was completed, it being one of six side- wheel steamers for tlie inland lakes, and this one was designed for Lalie Ontario. Capt. Cornell, who superintended their uuilding, made applicn- cation to the department for Capt. Evans to take iier up with him to Ogdensburg, N. Y., by way of Quebec and Montreal; which lie did, arriving late in the fall of 1865. He was then ordered bj' tele- graph to Baltimore. Md., to take the steamer "John A. Dix" thence to Key West, Fla. The following spring he was ordered to the "New Dix," at De- troit. While there, the revenue steamer "John- son," in command of Capt. Francis Martin, came there to take Gen. Sherman's statf to Lake Michi- gan, but by permission of the department, Capt. Evans made a change with the executive officer of the "Johnson." who paid all expenses, although Capt. Evans got the best of the bargain, as he, by this arrangement, went to his home port. In that way he first became placed on the station of Mil- waukee and Lake Michigan, where he served so many years afterward at different times. In tlie spring of 1867 he was promoted to a captaincy, and was ordered to the old cutter "Morris," in Mobile Bay. The "Morris" needed repairs, and the Captain was ordered to take her to Baltimore, where she was condemned and sold. In the sum- mer of 1869 he went to San Francisco, on his way to Alaska, in accordance with instructions, and after considerable detention in that city, obtained transportation for Sitka, Alaska, arriving at his destination fourteen days out. He then relieved Capt. Heuriques of command of the steamer "Lin- coln," and immediately prepared for a cruise in the Behring Sea. He visited all the Aleutian and Seal Islands. At St. Paul's, where most of the seals are caught, he remained several days, and during that time he had the misfortune to lose a boat's crew of five good men, by the capsizing of a gig in wiiicli they were going ashore for their captain. Capt. Evans cruised in that sea during the sea- son, visiting Onalaska several times, and in the fall went to Sitka, where he spent the winter. In the spring he was obliged to go to San Francisco for repairs, and in the summer of 1870 was or- dered to Milwaukee to command the "Johnson," of which he had charge several years. He rebuilt the ship in Milwaukee, and was relieved by Capt. Davis in 1882, at which time lie was sent to com- mand the "Commodore Perry," with headquarters at Erie, Pa. He held a survey on her the follow- ing winter, and reported advising a new iron cut- ter; and they now have on that station one of the finest cutters afloat. In 1883 he was ordered to Galveston, Tex., to command the steam cutler ''McLean," and cruised from the Rio Grande to New Orleans. He was subsequently transferred to the steam cutter "W. H. Seward," on the same coast, where he continued until April 15, 1885, when, his health having become impaired from climatic causes, he was detached from the "Sew- ard" on waiting orders, since which time he has been at home. On leaving his ship, Capt. Evans was presented by his suliordinate officers with an elegant gold-htaded cane, bearing an appropriate inscription expressive of their warm regard. The parents of the Captain emigrated with their children from Wales to the United States, in 1846. and settled at Columbus, Wis., whence, in 1850, they removed to Berlin. There was a large fam- ily of children, seven sons and four daughters, of whom only four are now living — Capt. David and three brothers. Mr. Evans w.as a farmer by occu- pation, a Republican in politics, and a very worthv man. His death occurred in April, 1854, and his estimable wife survived her liusband but a few years. They are buried side by side in the Berlin Cemeteiy. Capt. Evans has been twice married, and both times in his native country. He was married, in 1841, to Miss Catherine Morris, daughter of Will- iam Morris, and one child, Ellen, was born, but 342 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the motlier and daughter both died in 1843. In February. 1845. the Captain wedded Miss Ellen Lloyd, daughter of Capt. Richard Lloyd, and four children were born of their union, two sons and two daugiiters. David, the eldest, wedded Miss Mary Thomas, and is farming near Berlin; Rich- ard L. is unmarried, and resides with his parents; Elizabeth is the wife of J. C. Fairwealher. of Min neapolis; Nettie A. married Charles B. Wadleigh, of Minneapolis. Capt. Evans and his family are members of the Presbyterian Cbureh, of Berlin. The Captain is a Republican in the broadest sense of the word, and is an earnest advocate of the broad principles of liuman libertj' on which the government and the institutions of the country are founded. During all the years in which he has served the Government he has proved a most competent and trusty officer, and has been so zealous and prudent in the discharge of duty that he h.as never through any fault of his caused the Government the loss of a dollar's worth of property; while iiis ability, fidelity and integrity have always commanded the confidence and respect of the department officers under whom he has served. He lias had a wide and varied ex- perience of the world, having visited in the course of his seafaring life many ports of civilized na- tions, and some countries of the uncivilized and barbarous. He is a man ripe in the experience of the sea, a skillful navigator and thorough seaman. His success in his clioscn vocation, wliich has been marked, lias been won by careful study, keen ob- servation and close application, together with an earnest and conscientious endeavor to do his whole dut}- under all circumstances, both by his em- ployers and his crew. Following the natural hu- mane impulses of his heart, he has seldom, if ever, failed to win the utmost confidence and respect of his officers and men, by showing due regard for their comfort and welfare, while treating all with justice, kindness and firmness. While in his sev- enty-third year, Capt. Evans is still hale and hearty, with mental faculties in full vigor, and to the casual observer would appear but little past his prime. .Shoulil his return to active service be re- quired, it is evident that he would again tread the quarter-deck with !»s firm a step as ever. The Captain has a fine farm of sixtj'-four acres, situ- ated within the city of Berlin, near the western limits, witli a tasty and commodious residence facing Broadway, which is situated in well-kept grounds, shaded by forest trees. In this pleasant home he is content to pass his well-earned hours of ease in the company of his f.amily and friends. J/EUFMIAII (). WILLIAMS, a progressive farmer residi- g on section 25, in tlie town of Leon, Waushara Count_v, is a native of the Green Mountain Stale. He was born in Chester, April 30, 1829, of Welsh parentage and is a son of Pardon Williams, whose birth occurred in the citj' of Providence. R. I., whence he removed during the early days of his manhood to Vermont, where he lived the life of a well-to-do- farmer until 1832, when he removed to Jefferson County, N. Y., and .again embarked in agricultural pursuits. He remained a useful citizen of the county until his death, which occurred at the age of sixt^'-seven years. His wife, whose maiden name was Abigail Fox, was a native of Vermont, and they became acquainted after the removal of Mr. Williams to that State. She died in 1852, in the fifty-fourth year of her age. Both were members of the Uni- versalist Church. The subject of this sketch was the seventh in order of birth in a family* of ten children. His early life was spent under the parental roof, he re- maining at home on the farm until twenty years of age, and in the meantime obtaine 1 a good educa- tion in the common schools of .lefferson County. N. Y. Attracted by the discovery of gold in Cali- fornia, in 1849, he made his way to the Pacific Slope, where for a time he worked in the gold mines and at intervals did considerable prospecting. After two years he returned to the East, locating in Providence, R. I., but his sta3' in that citj' was of short duration, and he again started Westward, his journey being this time only as far as St. Louis, Mo., where he remained until 1856. (ioing to Jefferson County, Wis., at the expiration of that time, his residence in that community- covered a period of eight years, and in 1864 he made a trip PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 343 to Montana and established himself in the overland freight business, his route at differ: nt times lying between various places. In tiiat pursuit he suc- cessfully engaged for five _years, after which he returned to Jefferson County, Wis., where the suc- ceeding five years of his life were passed. De- termining to make Waushara County his lionie, he purchased 120 acres of land on section 25, in the town of Leon, where he still resides. On the 4th of April, 1872, Mr. Williams was joined in wedlock with Mrs. Eliza M. (Christman) Williams, who was born in New York, Aug. 22, 1833, and is a daughter of Jacob and Catherine (Swortfigure) Christman, who were also natives of the Empire State. They have no children; but by her first husband, Alden Williams, the wife of our subject had five children — Foster, Mary, Par- don, Adelaide and Lizzie. The second and third children are deceased, and the father died Aug. 7, 1870. Politically, Mr. Williams is a Democrat of the Jacksonian type, and while a resident of Jefferson County became a member of the Masonic frater- nity. He is chiefly engaged in dairying and the raising of fine stock, his farm being especially adapted to that purpose. He is a valued and en- terprising citizen, and himself and family are lield in high regard throughout the community. .^^nOMAS HAMILTON is one of the pro- m^j, gressive citizens of Marquette, Wis., and the ^^^^ history of liis life is as follows: he was born in Bishops Corner, Granville, Washington Co., N. Y., on the 8th of March, 1814, and is a son of Levi Hamilton, a native of Massachusetts, born in'1786. He participated in the war of 18.2, and took part in the battle of Plattsburg. He married Rachel Dewey, a native of Rutland Count}', Vt., and they settled in Granville, N. Y., where were born unto them seven children: John A., who be- came a resident of Clinton County, Mich., where his death occurred ; Sarah, who became the wife of Martin Wheeler, and died at her home in Cattar- augus County, N. Y.; Thomas, our subject; Har- vey, of Green Lake County; Mindwell became the wife of a Mr. Bullock, of Mich., where she passed away; William, one of the early settlers of this county, died In 1874; and Betsey E. became the wife of Joseph Eastland, and died in Cattaraugus County, N. Y. In 1820 Mr. Hamilton removed with his family to Queensbury, Warren Co., N. Y., where the death of his wife occurred in 1829. He then removed to the West and died in Michigan. Botii were members of the Congregational Church, in which he served as deacon for many years. They made friends wherever they went, and were highlj- respected people. Our subject acquired his education in the dis- trict schools of Queensl)ury and Glens Falls, and on arriving at man's estate was united in marriage, in Warren County, N. Y., in 1835, with Mary B. Harris, daughter of Willianj B. and Clara (Bates) Harris. They began their domestic life in the county where their marriage was solemnized, but afterward removed to Saratoga County, and subse- quently became residents of Troy, N. Y., where they made their home until 1855. which year wit- nessed their emigration to the West. They chose Green Lake County as the scene of their future operations, and settled on section 17, in the town of Green Lake, where Mr. Hamilton purcli.ased a partly improved farm. For a number of years he continued to make farming his principal occupa- tion, and on selling out in Green Lake Township, bought land in the town of Mackford, which he continued to cultivate until 1870, when be came to Marquette, where lie has since made his home. Three cliildren have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton, but two died in infancy, and in all prob- ability James, the tliird child, is also dead. He left home when seventeen years of .age and shipped on a whaling vessel. He wrote to his parents from Honolulu, but since that letter no word has ever l)een received; so it is not certainly known whether he is numbered among the living or the dead. They have also adopted three children, upon whom they bestowed all the care and attention of true parents, and have won the lasting gratitude and love of the son and daughters who would probably otherwise have been homeless. The adopted children are Alida C, Frederick, and Rettie K. The lives of this worthy couple are full of acts of kindness and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. deeds of chaiit3- and benevolence which will cause them never to be forgotten while memory lasts. They stand high in the estimation of their fellow citizens and deserve the great respect tendered them. In 1840, as a supporter of the Whig party, Mr. Hamilton cast his ballot for William Henry Harri- son, antl in 1888, as a Republican, he voted for Hon. Benjamin Harrison, the illustrious grandson of the Tippecanoe hero. <^^HOMAS E. DECKP^R, one of the leading /^^^j citizens of Waushara County, and a proiu- ^^^' inent business man of Hamilton, has been connected with the lumber interests of that village for twenty-eight years, and at the present time is engaged in various other linos, including merchan- dising and blacksmithing. He also deals in agri- cultural implements and has a w.agon shop in «on- nection with his blacksmith shop. Mr. Decker is a native of New York, having been born in Jefferson County, in the town of Cape Vincent, on the banks of the St. Lawrence River, on the 24th of April, 184(;. His ancestors were of Irish and Holland extraction. His great- grandfather, Michael Decker, was a native of Hol- land, and came to America before the War for In- dependence, locating on the Hudson River, not far from New York City, where he lived for a short time, when he removed to near Concord, Mass., and while the British were destroying the stores at that place which had been collected by the colon- ists, he received a gunshot wound which caused his death. His family afterward returned to New York. His son. Michael Decker, the grandfather of our subject, was born near New York City, and was a shoemaker by trade. He wedded Mary Scott and died at Cape Vincent, where he made his home for many years. During the war of 1812 he aided in the defense of Siickett's Harbor, while tlie Brit- ish were trying to destroy the stores at that point. At the time of the French Revolution in 1837, his brother, Peter Decker, joined a company of filli- busters, crossing the St. Lawrence River at Ogdens- burg to Trescott, Canada, where they joined a force of French rebels. They irere there besiegeil by the British forces, taking refuge in an old stone mill, where they were captured. Their leader was taken to Kingston and hanged, and the privates and non- commissioned officers were exiled to a penal colony on Van Dieman's land. There Peter Decker re- 1 ceived a pardon, but never returned to this conn- I try. The maternal grandfather of our subject was a native of Ireland. With the intention of making his home in America, he embarked for Canada, but while crossing the ocean his death occurred. His family settled in the Province of tjuebee and spent the greater part of their lives in Prescott. James Decker, the father of our subject, was born in May, 1809, in Oneida County. N. Y., and made farming his principal occupation through life. He removed to Jefferson County, locating in Cape Vincent, where he was engaged in the butcher bus- iness for a short time, but subsequently farmed for some twelve years. In 1862 he came to Wiscon- sin and purchased 200 acres of land in Adams County, but after two years came to Waushara County, and settled on section 11, where he owns 250 .acres of good farming land. He married Elizabeth Travis of Ireland, who during her infancy was taken by her parents to Brockville. Canada, where she made her home until her marriage. Thomas E. Decker is the oldest of a famiU twelve children, six sons and six daughters, ilis boyhood days were spent in the town of Cape Vin- cent, where he obtained a liberal education in the I English branches. In 18G0 he emigrated with his parents to Adams County. Wis., and assisted his father on the farm until 1862, when he came tn Waushara County, which has since been his home. He entered upon his business career as an em|)loye of Hamilton Bros. & Smith, lumber manufj'cturers at Hamilton's Mills, for whom he worked until 1873. when Mr. Smith sold his property to his partners, Mr. Decker continuing with the Hamilton Bros, for twenty years, eighteen years of which time he was foreman of the establishment, having full charge of the business, which he finally pur- chased, and for twelve years has been successfully operating the mill in h' own interests. As before stated, he owns a wa^on and blacksmith shoj). deals in agricultural implements, and owns a general mer- chandise store. In 1882 he eslublished a cheese /X u aJyh^'-i^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 347 factory in Hamilton, but after four years sold out. He now owns 246 acres of splendid grazing land. Mr. Decker married Eva Wilson, an estimable lady, born in Adams County, Dec. 18, 1852, where her parents settled two years previously. She was the only child born to William and Melinda (Sa- baw) Wilson of Pennsylvania. Her mother, who was a member of the Congregational Church, died in 1852. Her father lived in Adams County for ten years, and then moved to Outagamie County, but after a few years became a resident of Wau- shara County, settling on the farm where he still resides. His second wife was formerly Louisa Col- vill, and nine children were born of their union. Mr. and Mrs. Decker have one child, Jay, born Dec. 13, 1876. In politics Mr. Decker is a Denoo- crat of the Jeffersonian type, and manifests a lively interest in political affairs. He has been Postmas- ter of Hamilton for ten years, receiving the ap- pointment during Hayes' administration, was town- ship chairman for seven years, and was also a mem- ber of the County Board. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias Lodge of Berlin, has filled the chair of Chancellor, Commander and all the lower offices, was representative to the Grand Lodge at Milwaukee in 1887 and 1888, and was a delegate to the State Presidential Convention held in Madison in 1888. He is recognized as one of the leading and influential citizens of the community, untiring and energetic in his business pursuits and upright, ami honorable in all his transactions. He enjoys the confidence and high regard of many friends, both in tiie social and business world, and is es- teemed as a valued leader of society. ^«l»-^^> s.'^s^HOMAS H. PATTERSON, one of the en. ffn^^ ergotic and prosperous business men of Pine ^^^y River, is the owner of one of the largest mills in Waushara County. As he is so widely and favorably known throughout the community we know that his biographical sketch will be of inter- est to the readers of this Aluum. The history of his life is as follows: He was born in the town of Jlilton, Saratoga County, N. Y., on the 5th of March, 1848. and is of Irish descent. His father, Thomas Patterson, was born near Belfast, Ireland, in the year 1800, and lived the life of a well-to-do farmer. He grew to manhood in his native country, coming to America at the age of twenty-five years. He first settled in Saratoga County, N. Y., where he be- came acquainted with and married Margaret Moore- head, who was born in Ireland in 1822. A family of six sons and four daughters was born of their union — Charlotte, who was united in marriage with Horace F. Skinner, a farmer of the town of Mt. Morris, Waushara County; Eliza, who became the wife of John Clark, a farmer, who for ten years was county clerk of Waushara County; James en- listed in Company A, 16th Wisconsin Infantry for the late war and was killed at the battle of Shiloh, the first engagement in which he participated ; Thomas H. is the next younger; Maggie married Amos Brownlow, a farmer of Mt. Morris Town- ship; Agnes is the wife of La Fayette Soule of Kirksville, Mo.; John died in infancy; William re- sides on the old homestead in Ml. Morris Town- ship; Charles married Lettie Wood and is living on a farm in the same town; George is an apprentice in the mill owned by our subject. Thomas Patterson was but two years of age when he was brought by his parents to Waushara County. His father purchased 160 acres of wild land previous to the government survey and upon the farm which he there developed he made his home until his death in November, 1S80. His wife survived him until Feb. 7, 1883, when she too passed away. Both were members of the Presbyterian Church. The mother of Mr. Patter- son also left her homo in Ireland, emigrating to America, and spent her last days with her son in the town of Mt. Morris. The boyhood and youth of our subject were spent on his father's farm. He received but limited educational advantages, having to assist his father in the cultivation of his land and aid in the sup- port of the family. While the black clouds of warfare were still overhanging the country, though only a youth of seventeen summers, Mr. Patterson volunteered his services and became a member of Company B, 49th Wisconsin Infantry, on the 30tli of January, 1865. flis company remained in 348 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. camp at Madison for four weeks and was then transferred to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, Mo. Durinij tiie latter part of March it was sent to Port Daily, Rolla, Mo., where for six months it did guard duty. While there Mr. Patterson was taken sick and confined in the hospital for a short time, being removed to a hospital in St. Louis, where he was honorably discharged September 27, 1865. Still in failing health he returned home and re- mained on the farm with his father for one j'ear. He made his first business venture b}' purchasing 200 acres of uncultivated land upon which he re- sided for seven years and bv his industry and un- tiring efforts succeeded in placing fifty acres of that amount under cultivation. Disposing of that property he came to Pine River and purchased the flouring mill owned by McNeeley & Co., then in a very dilapidated condition. He has since added man}' improvements and has a fine mill, its capacity being the greatest of any in the county. By assidu- ity to his business and honorable dealings with his patrons his efforts have been rewarded with a marked degree of success and although several other parties had made efforts to establish the business on a paying basis he was the only success- ful one. Politically, Mr. Patterson is a stalwart Democrat and was an alternate delegate to the National Democratic Convention in Chicago that nominated p:;x-President Cleveland. He was appointed Post- master of Pine River but after holding the office for two years resigned. Socially, he is a member of Pine River Lodge, No. 207, A. F. & A. M. and has been representative to the Grand Lodge in Milwaukee. He also belongs to Ed. .Saxe Post, No. 135, G. A. R. of Wautoma. On the 10th of April, 1878, Mr. Patterson was united in marriage with Miss Belle Metcalf, an es- timable and cultured lady, who was born Feb. 25. 1846, in Lake County, 111, and is a daughter of Theopholis F. and Sabra (Palmeter) Metcalf, her father a native of the Emerald Isle, the mother of Herkimer Count}-, N. Y. When her father was two years old he was brought to America bv his parents, who settled on a farm in the Province of Ontario, Canada, near .St. Thomas, and there Mr. Metcalf was reared to agricultural pursuits. At the .ige of nineteen, he went to Muskegon, Mich., and became a partner in the lumber business of that city. In 1841, he removed to Lake Count}-, 111., and pur- chased the f.arm on which he lived until 1849. when he sold out and removed to Winnebago County, Wis., subsequently becoming a citizen of the town of Marion. Waushara County, where he and his wife still make their home. Thej' have a family of three children: Delia C, born April 29. 1848, became the wife of T. W. Hamilton, a boot and shoe merchant of Berlin; Frank F., born Jlay 22, 1855, wedded Mary Moriarty. Mrs. Patterson's education was completed in the IJerlin High School, wheie she pursued a four years' course, lacking only one year of graduation. .She taught her first school when sixteen j-oars of age and with the ex- ception of the four years spent in the High School taught for sixteen successive }'ears. In 1874 and 1875 she was Princip.il of the Pine River School. As an instructor she has few equals in Waushara County and it was with sincere regret on the part of many that she left the ranks of its successful teachers. One child graces the union of Mr. and Mrs. Patterson — Fay M.. born Jan. 21, 1879. In the social world this worthy couple are held in the highest regard and in business circles few rank higher than our subject. He has made his own way in the world, working upwards step by step until lie is numbered among the prosperous citizens of the county and is ])roprietor of one of its leading industries. See portrait. ellASE L. SARGENT, one of the early set- tlers of Green L.ike County, Wis., is en- giiged in farming and stock raising in the town of Marquette, his farm comprising a part of section 1, township 14, range 11. His birth occur- red on the 1st of September, 1825, in Lincoln, Addison County, At. His father. Moses Sargent, was born in 1774 and married Miss Sally Durfej-. who was born In 1787. The former was a native of New Hampshire and the latter of Connecticut and both were re.ired in the faith of the Society of Friends. But two children were born unto them, sons, Ciiase L. and Daniel H., who died in Lincoln. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 349 Vt. The parents are also now deceased, thoy too having passed away in the Green Mountain State. Mr. Sargent, whose name heads this sketch, received his primary education in the common schools and completed his studies in the high school of his native town. His early life was uneventful, his boyhood day.s being passed mid play and work greatly as that of other lads. At length he attained to manhood and on the 1st of November, 1846, was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Mary A. Brown, daughter of Lucius and Ann Brown, who emigrated to Green Lake Countj' in 1852. Mr. and Mrs. Sargent resided at Lincoln, Vt., until 1849. when in com- pany with David S. Green, who settled in this count}' at an early day, the^' emigrated to the new State of Wisconsin. They came with the intention of making this tlieir permanent home and they have here since continued to reside. Mr. Sargent located on section 1, township 14, in the town of Marquette, and the following year removed to the farm which has now been his home for forty years. He has been a witness of the growth and development which has taken place since that time, has aided in the upbuilding of town and county and has bore his share in the promotion of its public enterprises wliich were calculated to benefit the community. His farm, one of the best in the neighborhood, comprises 100 acres of arable land all under a high state of cultivation. There is found all the necessary improvements, the home is a pleasant and tasty dwelling and the entire sur- roundings indicate the owner to be a man of indus- trious and energetic habits. Although he has labored long and and earnestly to provide his family with a pleasant home and surround them with all which goes to make life worth the living, he has yet found time to serve his fellow citizens in official positions. He is a strong Democrat in politics anil in 1859 was elected by that party to the position of Clerk of the county board of supervisors, which office he held until 1871, covering a period of twelve years. For four years, he discharged the duties of Town Clerk and in 1871, was elected to the office of Justice of the Peace which he has since held with the exception of about one year. Faitii ful to every duty imposed upon him and true U the trust reposed in him, he has won the confidence of all. He was formerly a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Marquette Lodge, No. 102, but is now released from its charter. Mr. and Mrs. Sargent are the parents of nine children— Joel, who is now living in Plover, Por- tage County, Wis.; Luc}' A., wife of W. H. Bed- ford, a resident of Holt County, Neb.; Daniel, superintendent of Caw Caw Club, at Marquette; Edison W., whose home is in Holt County, Neb.; Clarissa, who was Postmistress under Cleveland in Marquette; Chase L., who is an engineer in the employ of the Milwaukee Northern Railroad ; Grant, Sewell and Lois. J-|OHN WILI I among the pi I County. He ' 1794, and in t OHN WILLIAMS, now deceased, was )ioneer settlers of Green Lake was born in Wales, in April, (U^ll/ 1794, and in that community the days of his boyhood and youth were passed. On attaining his mnjority he married Guenn Griffiths, who was a native of the same count}' in which her husband was born. They were the parents of nine children, but several died previous to the emigration of the family to the new world. William died at the age of fourteen years ; Laurf died in infancy; the third child, also named Laura, became the wife of Will- iam Carter, one of the early settlers of this county and died in 1867; Hugh died in Wales when an infant; Hugh, the second of that name is now a contractor and builder in Chicago: Griffith J. makes his home in this count}' and is represented elsewhere in this volume; Richard is a resident of Green Lake County; William is now superinten- dent of a large mine owned by a New York com- pany and has his headquarters at Sunshine, Colo. ; Jane, tht youngest, is deceased. In the early spring of 1849, Mr. Williams, accompanied by his family left his native land sailed for America. On reaching New York, and he went by canal to Buffalo and thence by steamer to Milwaukee. Two months had elapsed from the time when he embarked until he reached his destination. He first located on section 28 in S50 1>0RTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the town of Manchester, wliere he purchased 221 acres of wiUl land. Not a furrow had been turned or an improvement made. He at once erected a log caliin, which was known as "the castle" as it I was the highest building in the slate at that time. He then devoted his entire energies to the develop- ment of a farm and in the course of time the broad acres paid a golden tribute to his care and cultiva- tion. He made many excellent improvements, erected all the necessary buildings and in a few short ye.ars had a comfortable house for himself and family. He continued to engage in farming until his death, which occurred in 1874. He sur- vived his wife about fourteen years, she having been called home in 1860, aged 65 years. Mr. Williams was ever ready to support the interests of the community which tended to promote the gen- er.al welfare and the cause of education found in hira a warm friend. He was an earnest Christian gentleman, a member of the Calvanislic Church and was respected by all who know him. J LliERT W. PAGE is extensively en- n farming and stock-raising on section 36, in the town of IJerlin, Green Lake County, and also owns .and oper.ates a cheese factory. He noM| owns 210 acres of fine land, and the entire farm is under a high state of cultivation. It is furnished with good buildings, including a substantial residence and barns and outbuildings, which arc models of convenience, to- gether with the latest improved machinery-. He keeps abreast of the times, and is familiar with all interests calculated to advance farming enter- prises. He raises a high grade of cattle, sheep, horses and bogs, some being thorough-bred, and deserves no little credit for his efforts to advance the grade of stock in the county. In 1888 he and his brother built the iirst cheese factory of Berlin Township, outside of the city, and they now do a flourishing business in that line. Mr. Page was born in the town of Berlin, June 26. 18.50, and is the son of Samuel V. and Susan (Fuller) Page. His father w.as born in Devonshire, En"land, Ain-il 20. 1816. and wlien sixteen years of age came with liis brother to America. Thej' landed in St. Johns, New Brunswick, and found, after paying the expenses of the trip, that thej' had only one shilling remaining. The}' walked from St. Johns to Bath. Me., where Samuel Page secured employment, but after working for."a time he went to Lowell, Mass. Shortly afterward, be obtained the position of watchman in the Merrlmac Cotton Factory, wliich position [he held for five >ears. In the latter part of May. 1816, he started for the Territory of Wisconsin, believing that he might better his condition in the new and growing West. He arrived in Green Lrke Count}- on the .oth of June, and shortly afterward entered a quar- ter-section of laiid on section 36, in the town of Berlin, where he has since m.ade his home. From a humble position he has risen, step by step, to one of wealth .ind affluence, and is now the owner of 330 acres in this county and 740 acres in Jlissouri, the aggregate being 1.U70 acres. When we con- sider the obstacles and dis.advantages against which Mr. Page had to contend we cannot but marvel at his success. He never attended school until after coming to this county, and then went to the dis- trict school only two winters, feeding forty head of cattle and splitting wood for three fires during that time for his board. He desired to learn, how- ever, and became a good reader and writer, and observation and experience added much to his store of knowledge. He was crippled in his early man- hood by an accident, but notwithstanding that dis- advantage, he worked harder than many able-bodied men. He was killed by a runawa}' team Nov. 11, 1874. His wife, who still survives him, is a mem- ber of the Free-Will Baptist Church. He supported the Whig party and afterward became a Repub- lican, and was one of the leading men of the com- munity. He was the father of throe child i en — Albert W., Cl.ark and Lucy. Our subject received liis primary education in the district schools, and afterward attended the Berlin High School for one j-ear. He left the par- ental roof in 1873, and went to Dade Countj-, Mo., where he spent three years, when he returned to take charge of his father's estate. He and his brother operated tlio farm in partnership, and, as before Intimated, ho is one of the loading business PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 351 men of the community. He possesses much me- chanical genius, and set up the first binder in tlie town of Berlin. He has been a resident of the town for thirtj--six years, and is accounted one of its valued citizens, highly esteemed by all who know him. He served for four years as Side Su- l)ervi3or, and casts his ballot with the Republican party. On the 26th of October, 1877, Mr. Page led to the marriage altar Miss Eliza Payn, daughter of Alonzo and Mary J. (McClintock) Payn. She was born in the town of Berlin, on the 16th of April, 1854, and their union has been blessed with one child, a son, Roy A. ^ R. .JOSEPH I neer of Wl \^ a resident i ^ R. .JOSEPH H. TURNER, an honored pio- Isconsiu, of 1840, who has been of Berlin since 1853, deserves special mention in this volume, not alone on account of his long residence in the State, but in (jonsideration of the high position which he holds in the esteem of his fellow men, and the part which he has borne in the upbuilding of the community. The Doctor was born in the town of Scriba, Os- wego Co., N. Y., on the 19th of April. 1819, and is a son of Joseph and Marj' (Griswold) Turner, v.ho were descended from Puritan ancestors, of English descent. In 1840, accompanied by his family, Joseph Turner, Sr., emigrated to the Terri- tory of Wisconsin, and settled in Waukesha, where he resided until 1855, when he removed to Men- asha, Winnebago County, of the same State. Mr. Turner was active and influential in public affairs, and was a warm personal friend of Henry Dodge, the first Governor of the Territory. Gov. Dodge frequently visited at Mr. Turner's home, and to- gether they would sally forth on horseback on some political mission. While a resident of Wau- kesha, Mr. Turner represented that county in the Territorial Council for two years, and later served for two years in the State Senate. He was a Demo- crat in early days, but later in life afflliated with the Republican party. By his union with Mary (iriswold, five children, four sons and a daughter, were born; Joseph H.. of this sketch, is the eldest; Harvey G., is an attornej', who settled in Port Washington, now Ozaukee County, Wis. He was the first Judge of that county, was a member of the Wi^ronsiii Senate, and ran on an independent ticket for ('oimi<'ss against James B. Mac_y, but was defeated. He Is now living in Milwaukee, and is senior member of the well-known law firm of Turner, Timlin & Turner, his son, William J., being the junior member of the firm: Eugene S., the third child of Joseph and Mary Turner, is now a promi- nent lawyer of Ozaukee County, and has served as County Attorney and member of the General As- sembly. He was candidate for District Attorney, his opponent being the present United States Sena- tor and millionaire, Stanford, of California. When the returns were brought in, it was found that Eu- gene was elected, which so incensed and annoyed Stanford that he soon afterward left for California. Charles B., the youngest son, died in Florida in his youth. The only daughter of the famil}-, Ann L., became the wife of Hon. Harrison Reed, Governor of Florida, and died in Washington in 1861. Mr. Turner, father of the above named children, was a man of great energy and force of character, and his public and private life were alike above re- proach. He served as a member of the County Board of Supervisors of Winnebago County for many years, and was Superintendent of the poor for the North District several years. He was re- markably vigorous, both mentally and physically, up to a week of his death, which occurred at his home in Menasha on the 1st of February, 1874, at the age of eighty years. His wife survived him, and died in Berlin, Aug. 1, 1884, at the age of eighty-nine years. Dr. Turner, our subject, attended the public schools until about fourteen years of age, when he obtained a position in a store in Oswego, at a salary of $4 per month. When fifteen years old, he went to Hamilton, Canada, where he engaged as clerk in a general store for an uncle for three years, except a short time which he spent in a store among the Quakers. At the age of nineteen, he began pack peddling among the Indians of Michigan. That was in 1837. After a time he secured a horse and wagon, and in that wa3' conveyed his goods from place to place until 1838, when he went to Ohio. 352 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. The following j'ear we find him in Iowa, and in a canoe he made liis way down the Mississippi to the mouth of the Ohio, where he disposed of his canoe and took a steamboat np the Ohio, spending one year in C'ohimhus. He then made his way to Michigan, and opened a store in Clinton County. He had pursued his studies as chance permitted, and was careful to keep good tompany, also to avoid intemperance and everything tli.it would in- jure his character or lower his self-esteem. The good habits of his youth laid the foundation of a character that has marked his after life and made him respected wherever he has been. He deter- mined to qualify himself for one of the learned professions, and believing the business of a suc- cessful lawyer necessitated more or less sharp prac- tice that was not consistent with the high standard of moralit}^ he had set up, he chose the profession of medicine in preference, and began reading with the intention of becoming a physician. Shortly after beginning his studies, he left Michigan and ■went to Wisconsin, reaching Waukesha in 1840. He read medicine one j-ear in that i)lace. and then returned to Oswego, N. Y., where he studied three years, and subsequently took a regular course of lectures in the Albany Medical College, from which lie received his diploma in 1845. He then re- turned to Waukesha, and entered upon the prac- tice of his chosen work. In M.ay, 1847, Dr. Turner was iiiiite., Feb. 18, 1885. at the age of thirty-seven year.i, leaving one child, James H., who is now nineteen ye.irs of age. and is a student in the State University of Wisconsin. David J. or D. J., as he was familiarly called, was a bright, active business man. true to his friends, and comm.anded the confidence and respect of all who knew him; Joseph, the second child of Dr. Turner, died in childhood. The"daughter is the youngest of the family. To her was given the name of Mary L.. and she is now the wife of A. L. Buell. a merchant of Berlin. Dr. Turner belonged to the Milwaukeo^Medical Society, the first society of the profession organ- ized in the State, and was associated with Drs. Wol- cott, Dousman and others of the eminent pioneer physicians and surgeons of Wisconsin Territory. He;first visitcdJStrong's [Landing, now Berlin, in 1848. when Nathan H. Strong, the founder, had but just settled there. He was i)resent on the old Indian Payment Ground on the south shore of Lake Poj'gan in 1848, when the treaty was signed by the Winnebago Indians ceding their lands west of the Fox River. In 1850, he located in Poy- sippi, Waushara County, where he practiced his profession until 1853, when he came to Berlin. The opening of a newcoiintr}' offered better advan- tages for money making in the line of real estate, than in the practice of medicine, and Dr. Turner, after locating in Berlin, virtually abandoned the practice of medicine, and engaged in real estate business. He entered thousands of acres of land for himself and others, and bought and sold as op- portiinit}' offered. He purchased a tr.ict of land adjacent to the plat of Berlin, which he laid out in lots under the title of Turner's Addition to Berlin, and which he sold out by lots and blocks. In the summer of 1863, he was commissioned assist;int surgeon of the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, and went to the front with his regiment. The change of climate and water prostrated him while at Nashville. Tenn., and his health became so seriously impaired that he was forced to resign and return to his home. On recovering his health, he resumed business in real estate and insurance, which he has continued to the present time. Dr. Turner is a Republican in politics, and has served eight years as Alderman in the City Council of Berlin. Socially, he is a member of Berlin Lodge, No. 38. A. V. & A. M.. and although not iictive in attendance at the meetings of the order, takes a warm interest in its prosperity. He was a menober of the I. O. O. F. for nearly forty years. The Doctor's wife is an active and consist(;nt mem- ber of the Baptist Church of Berlin, with which PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 353 she has been associated since a child of tiilrteen years. Dr. Turner has led an active life, and has had a varied experience, but through all the changes of fortune, he has preserved a consistentl}' upright course, and has always aimed to so live as to maintain his honor and dignity, and deserve the respect and esteem of his fellowmen. jl^ EL^'IN F. WOOD, a leading and cnter- 11 ll\ P'''*'"= farmer and stock raiser of the J IK town of Leon. Waushara County, residing *' on section 7, is descended from Revolu- tionary stock. His paternal grandfather, Frederick Wood, who was a native of New York, served in the Colonial Army, and became one of the earliest settlers of Delaware County. Ohio, where he was long a resident, dying at the age of fifty years. His wife, whose maiden name was Electa Russell, was also born in the Empire State, and after the death of her husband came to Green Lake County, Wis., where she died at the age of eighty years. His maternal grandparents, Samu*^! Monroe and his wife were also pioneers of Delaware County, Ohio, where the}' spent their last days. Frederick Wood, father of our subject, was horn in New York, July 16, 1809, and when a youth accompanied his parents to Marietta County, Ohio, whence he removed to Delaware County, and entered a claim situated on the United States Mili- tary Reserve. He there continued to reside until his death, which occurred Jan. 14, 1870. In his younger days he worked in the fanning mill manu- factory of Adam Wolfe, who was one of the first settlers of Ohio, but as soon as he had obtained sufficient means he purchased land and followed farming during the remainder of his life. He married Sophia Monroe, a distant relative of Presi- dent Monroe. She was born in Pennsylvania, Nov. 8, 1814. and her parents, Samuel and Hannah Monroe, were of Scottish descent. They had a family of six children — our subject being the eldest; Melvina died at the age of three years; Isaac Mon- roe is a blacksmith and wagon maker of Hopkins, Mo.; Samuel Jasper is a wealthy farmer of Noda- wiiy County, Mo.; Francis Marion is a farmer and school teacher of Molino. Escambia Co., Fla.; John died in infancy. In politics Mr. Wood was inde- pendent, and in religious faith was a Universalist although he never united with any church. Melvin F. Wood was born Oct. 26, 1834, on the present site of Ashley-, Morrow Co., Ohio, and there remained until the spring of 1854, working upon his father's farm. In the meantime he obtained a common school education, but his ad- vantages in that direction were not of the most complete character. Emigrating to Waushara County, in 1854, he made his home with his uncle, T. J. Cross, for a few weeks and then went to Fond du Lac County, where he obtained a position as a farm hand with Warren Reed at $14 per month and board and washing. The following winter was spent in Waupaca as an employe of Miller & Chandler, manufacturers, and in the spring he went to lola, an isolated village, where he erected a saw mill for his employers and oper- ated the same until the following spring, when he returned to Mr. Reed, who increased his wages to $16 per month. He next made his home in AYey- auvvega, Waupaca County, where for nine years he was engaged in rafting lumber from thence to Gills Landing, on the Wolf River, at which place it was placed on flatboats, floated down to the mouth of the Fox River, towed up that stream by tugs to Portage City, then by canal to the Wis- consin and Mississippi Rivers, where it was floated down to St. Louis or other cities. During that period Mr. Wood was united in marriage with Miss Louisa Olive Funk, the wed- ding taking place Nov. 28, 1860. The lady was born in Licking County, Ohio, Nov. 9, 1838, and is a daughter of Thomas and Patsey ( McNeely ) Funk, who were natives of Mrginia. but at an early day removed to Ohio. The husband followed teaming for a number of years and afterward engaged in farming in Delaware County for six- teen years, but in 1854 he settled on a farm in the town of Mt. Morris, Waushara County, procuring his land from the government. He died Nov. 4, 1874, at the age of sixty-six years, and his wife died April 8, 1874. in the seventy-second year of her age. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Wood have been born four children — Frank Melvin, born Sept. 5, 1861, 354 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. married Gusta Josephine Jolinson, of Minnesota, and tiiey have two children Harry and Ga3-. Lettie Sophia, horn Aug. 16, 18G3, became the wife of Charles Patterson, a farmer of the town of Mt. 1 Morris; Blanche Etliel, who was born May 31, 1871. Wilbertwas born on the 1st of April, 1778. Mr. Wood is now operating his fine farm of 208 | acres of land, upon which he has made his home since March 21, 18C6. It is under a high state of cultivation and he also raises considerable fine stock, including merino and Lincolnshire sheep, ! Holstein and short-horn Durham cattle and the best grades of Poland China-hogs. Politically, Mr. Wood is an enthusiastic Republican and is justly recognized as one of Waushara's worthy citizens. Jn OSEPII A. KIMBLE, who is engaged in general farming and stock raising on sec- I tion 9, town of Green Lake, Green Lake ' Count}-, is a rejjresentative of one of the pioneer families of this comnuinity. He is a native of the Keystone State, having been born in Craw- ford County, July 2, 1844. The family is of Scottish origin, having been established in AmericH by three brothers who emigrated with their father Jacob Kimble from their home in Scotland and first settled in Connecticut. One of them Ben- jamin Kimble, was the grandfather of our subject. He followed farming and lumbering in the com- munity where he located. He married Elizabeth Cole, by whom he had eight children and both he and his wife died in the Keystone State. Ira Kimble father of our subject was born in Pennsyl- vania, June 29, 1802, imd he also engaged in farming and lumbering while residing in the vicin- ity of his birth-place. He afterwards, however, removed to Holmes County, Ohio, and in 1836 became a resident of St. Joseph County, Mich. He married Miss Charlotte Tucker, who was born ill Tompkins County, N. Y., Sept. 3, 1810, the wedding taking place May 29, 1830. They settled ill St. Joseph County in its pioneer days, but after a few years returned to Pennsylvania and located in Crawford County, whence they came to Green Lake in 1849. Mr. Kimble purchased lanu in the town of Green Lake and engaged In^farming until his death, which occurred Oct. 29, 1878. His wife still survives htm and he also left four chil- dren to mourn his loss — Joseph, of this sketch; Julia, widow of Gains Louden; Sarah, wife of Stephen Louden; and Harvey-. One child of the family is now deceased. Our subject is the youngest and under the parental roof he remained until Dec. 19. 1863, when he could no longer withstand his country's call for troops and though only nineteen ye.irs of age. enlisted in the service. He became a member of Comp.any C, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, and with his i-egiment joined Gen. Sherman at Memphis, Tenn., remaining with him until the last gun was I fired and the shackles had fallen from thousands upon thousands of slaves. He participated in the 1 battles of Meridian, Miss., Padueah, Ky., the siege I of Atlanta and supported the 2nd Indiana Battery at the battle of Jonesboro. He then was engaged in the biittle of Oakmulgee Mills. Salt Hatchie River and Bentonville. He took part in the celebrated march to the sea and the review at Washington — the grandest military pagaent ever seen on the j face of the globe. He was mustered out at Louis- ville, Ky., and discharged at Madison, Wis., in July, 1866. At J.ackson. Miss., he and five of his comrades were taken sick and their commanding officer relieved them from duty telling them to wash, which they did in an icy river. It was soon discovered that they were victims of the measles. Mr. Kimble was the only one of the six who lived, but he has never yet fully recovered his usual health. He receives a small pension on account of his disabilities but is deserving of a greater re- ward. AVhen hostilities had ceased, Mr. Kimble returned ! to his home and resumed farming which he has made his life occupation. He is now the owner of 100 acres of land, liigiily improved and cultivated as I the result of his industrj', good management and I fair dealing. On the 10th of Octol>er. 1867, he I was joined in wedlock with Emma Crook, who was ! born in Buckinghamshire, Eng., Dec. 23, 184s. I Her father, William Crook, was born in October, I 1804. in the same county and there made his home I until his removal to America. He chose for his PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 355 companion in life Anna Johnson, a native of Buckingliaroshire, born April 6, 1807. Kleven children, five sons and six daughters, were born to them in England and all grew to mature years, while ten became residents of this country. In his native land, Mr. Crook worked as a farm laborer. At length he determined to .try his fortune in this country, and in 1851. accompanied by liis eldest son, he landed in New York. After earning a sufficient sum, he sent for his wife and other children to join him, whicli they did in 1853, and in 1856, the family came to Green Lake County, where both parents passed the remainder of their days. They were members of the Episcopal Church while residents of England, but in this country held membership with the Methodist Church. Mr. Crook was the owner of a good farm of eighty-five acres at the time of his death and had surrounded his family with many of the comforts Of life. He died Feb. 27, 1887, his wife having been called home Feb. 10, 1885. They were worthy Christian people and won many friends in this community, who sincerely regretted their loss. To Mr. and Mrs. Kimble have been born four children — Howard, who died at the age of four years; Edward I., Eugene C. and Clayton AV. Politically Mr. Kimble is a Prohibitionist an. and from that time until about 1880, without interruption, was engaged in the prosecution of his business. His long continued service in that line indicates a successful career, and he is numbered among the leading men of the village. He casts his ballot with the Democratic party, and has fre- quently been called upon to serve in official posi- tions. He was the third assessor of Marquette County, has held the office of town clerk, and was postm.ister of Marquette during Buchanan's ad- ministration. He is well versed on the leading issues of the day, both State and National, and his upright life, sterling qualities and progressive spirit, make him a valued citizen. In December, 1845, Mr. Byington was united in marriage with Miss Laura Bowman, daughter of Joseph H. and Sally (Beckwith) Bowman. The father was born in Green County, N. Y.. in 1802. and the mother in Farmington, Conn., in 1807. Their family numbered ten children, five of whom are yet living — Laura, wife of our subject; Lorenda. wife of John AV. Mattice of Albany. N. Y.; Sarah, wife of Jermi.ah Overbough; Harriet, wife of William Clarke of Des Moines, Iowa; and Marj- wife of William B. Butler of Brooklyn, N. Y. Both parents were faithful Christian people, and died in Green County of the Empire State. To Mr. and Mrs. Byington, two children were born — Cynthia .S., who is now the wife of William Cauley of Carthage. Miner Co.. S. D. ; and Lillie, wife of Frank Mennie. a farmer of Marble, Lincoln Co., Minn. Mrs. Byington is a member of the Episcopal Church. >l - > t' f2 '"^ J ~ AMES W. DUFFIES who is engaged in gen- I eral farming on section 35 in the town of I Green Lake, Green Lake Count3-, is a native ' of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, where his par- ents, John and Elsie (Waite) Duffies, were also born and reared. His father was a shoemaker by trade and followed that occupation in his native m PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 367 land until 1837, when with his fainih- he emigratcrl to Canada. On his arrival he again resumed his old trade, hut not liking the British rule in Canada, he removed from thence to Illinois, where he en- gaged in the manufacture of shoes for the labor- ers on the Illinois Canal. The sickliness of tliat eountrj', however, caused his removal to Racine, Wis., where he and his wife both died at an ad- vanced age. They were parents of nine children, three sons and six daughters. He took an active part in political affairs, and was a stalwart sup- porter of the Democratic party. He held the offices of Chairman, Side Supervisor of the town- ship. Justice of the Peace and Commissioner of the Poor. Both he and his wife were members of the Baptist Church and were highly respected citizens. Our subject received very limited educational advantages in his youth, but has greatly supple- mented his knowledge then gained by reading and observation and is now an intelligent and valued citizen of the comraunitj'. At the age of fifteen years, he began life for himself, entering the shops of the Illinois Central Railroad Company, where he fitted himself for the position of engineer. After serving for a time, he was offered an engine but declined to take charge until he felt himself per- fectly competent to fill a position of such great im- portance, where the lives of many were in his hands. Having run a switch engine for about six months, he was then given a passenger engine, of which lie had charge three years. In 1849, at- tracted by the gold discoveries of California, he made his way to the Pacific Slope, but engaged in mining onlj' three da}'s. He determined to let otliers dig the gold and he would try his fortune in some other way. He spent two years working in a meat market, cooking in a hotel and for about two months engaged in hunting, killing bear, elk, deer, etc. From California, he traveled south through Mexico to Central America and spent a year at Granada, whence he returned to his home in Racine County, Wis. Not long after his arrival, Mr. Duffies was joined in wedlock with Miss Sarah Smith, a native of Yorksinre, England, who came with her parents to America, settling first in Massachusetts, whence she removed to Racine County. Their union was blessed with three children — ^Alfred S., a rising young farmer of the town of Green L.ake; Ada, wife of Silas B. Piielps and Edward J., a suc- cessful civil engineer. In 1889, the death of the wife and mother occurred. Her loss was deeply mourned by many friends as well as her immediate family, for she w.as loved and respected by all for her many excellencies of character. The succeeding nine years after his marriage, Mr. Duffies spent in Oshkosh, where he was en- gaged in milling. He came to this county in 1870, locating upon the farm of 240 acres which still continues to be his home. He deserves much credit for the success to which he has attained as he never inherited a dollar or received an}' financial aid. It is only by industry and close attention to business that he has become the prosperous farmer which we uow find him, and his success is certainl}' well merited. He is a Republican in politics and so- cially is a member of the Masonic order, with which he united while in Canada. ^ .#^ ^ ^^BRAHAM ACKERMAN, of Kingston, v@/lJI | Green Lake County, traces his ancestr}' m Is back to three brothers of that name, ^ Ralph, James and Abraham Ackerman, who at a very early day crossed the Atlantic and settled in New Brunswick, N. J. In that city our subject was born on the 25th day of September, 1808. and he distinctly remembers the troops of the War of 1812 passing along the streets of the city. His parents, Ralph and JIary (Bo\'ce) Ack- erman, accompanied b}' their familj' removed to Western New York in 1820, settling in Allegany County, when it was a part of the western frontier. They had a family of ten children, six sons and four daughters, but only three are now living — Abraham, of this sketch; Ira C, of Pike, Wyoming County, N. Y.; and Maria, wife of Rev. Rufus Fancher, a Metliodist minister, now in Dakota City, Iowa. The mother died in Allegany County, N. Y.. in 18,51, and four years later, Mr. Ackerman came to Green Lake County, where his death oc- curred in 1865. They were members of the Meth- odist Church and were earnest Christian people. 568 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Our subject is truly a self-made man. He at- tended school but a short time in his native citj' and at tiie age of fourteen _vears began life for him- self, from which time he has been dependent upon his own resources. Going to Bath, N. Y., he en- tered a hotel and for twent\--five years was em- ployed in the hotels of Western New York, having been connected with some of the leading establish- ments of that kind in the country. The most im- portant event of his life occurred at Union Corners, Livingston Co., N. Y., Jan. 31, 1850. when he was united in marriage with Miss Ageline Voorheis. daughter of .Tohn and K.itie (Schenck) Voorheis, whose family consisted of three children — Ange- line, wife of our subject; Sarah, wife of Benjamin Munger. of Allegany County, N. Y.; and Helen, wife of DeWitt Ackcrman, of Marshall. Minn. Mr. and Mrs. Voorheis were life -long members of the Presbyterian Church and died at their home in New York. John Voorheis. the father of Mrs. Ackermau, was a native of New Brunswick, N. J., and Katie Schenck, a native of the Kmpirc State. Her father, Ralph Schenck. was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. Mrs. Ackerman's grandmother on the matern.al side was a relative of President Zachary Taylor. Upon their marriage, Mr. Ackerraan aii?^EORGE P. SORENSEN, a widely known f[ Q^ farmer and representative citizen of the ^^^M town of Leon, Waushara County, resides on section 6. He is a native of Denmark, having been born on the Island of Zealand, Aug. 24, 1848. His ancestors for many generations back were natives of the same country. His patemal grandfather, Svend Nelson, was born in Denmark and there lived a long and useful life. By trade he was a cab- inet maker and joiner. The father of our subject, .Soren .Svendsen, was born in Denmark, Oct. 18, 1818, and followed farming in that country. He married Anna M. Hansen, who was born in 1821, and was a daughter of Hans Sorensen. B}' their uniou were born eight children, namely: James C, Hans P., George P., Eliza M., Tina C, Anna M., Nels C, and Ida A. Mr. Svendsen came to America in 1866, and made his first settlement in Fairwater, Fond du Lac County, Wis., where he purchased seventy acres of good farming land, up- on which he has since resided. Previous to his em- igration he followed the stone-maker's trade for a number of years. In politics, he was a Republi- can, and religiously a member of the Lutheran Church. Our subject accompanied his p.nrcnts to this country when a young man of eighteen years and earned his first money in his new home as a farm hand, working for Frank Robinson, of Fond du Lac County, with whom he remained during the summer. The following winter he attended school and thus spent his time alternately between work and study until the spring of 1870, when he eu- 376 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. tered Ripon College, taking a brief course in Ger- man and Knglisii. He then removed to Pine River and entered the employ of A. M. Kimball as clerk and book-keeper, continuing to serve in that capai'ity for five years, during which time he mar- ried Annie Larsen, the wedding taking place Feb. 7, 1871. She was born in Denmark, Dec. 25, 1852, and is a daughter of Lars and Karon (Hansen) Christensen, who were also natives of the same country. Their family numbered ten children, as follows: Karen M., Sophia, Sidse, Nels, Christina, Hans P., INIaria. Anna M., Maren .-vud Caroline. To Mr. and Mrs. Sorenson have been born nine children— Albert W., born May 7, 1872; Alexan- der, born Sept. 9, 1874; Wademar, born Dec. 28, 1876; Bernard, born July 18, 1878; Myrtle S., born July 22. 1880; Serena M., born Aug. 3, 1882; George L., born June 16, 188-1; Myron, born Aug. 17, 1886: and Mabel, born June 28, 1888. In 1875, Mr. Sorensen left the employ of Mr. Kimball ami removed to Waupaca, Wis., where he edited the i*"/! /('/>/•'«/, tiie first Danish Republican pa- per published in tiie United States. After three months he removed to Racine and in less than a year and a half had secured more than twelve hundred subscribers. Selling out he returned to Pine River and again entered the enqiloy of Mr. Kimball, with whom he rern:vincd three years and in 1879, worked for R. P. Colt of Poysippi. In the mean- lime he purchased the farm on which he now re- sides, containing 120 acres of land and for two years gave his attention to its cultivation, hoping thereby to restore his health, which had been in- jured by close confinement. Later he again entered tlie employ of Mr. Kimball, who found him one of his most efficient and trusted hands and sustained his former relations with him until October. 1889, when he once more resumed the care and cultiva- tion of his land. In polities, Mr. Sorensen is a Re- publican and has served in various township of- fices. He was town clerk for six years and in 1889 was elected chairman of the town board, which po- sition he now holds. For two years he has been clerk of the district composed of the towns of Leon and Mt. Morris and for six years previous was a director of that district. He has proved himself an able and faithful oUicer in tlie discharge of his public duties and as a citizen ranks among the best. He is agent for the European Exchange Passage .\genc3- and sells tickets to all parts of P^nrope, also foreign drafts and money orders. He is a member and corresponding secretary of the Dannebrog Society, and is secretary and business manager of the Pine River Br.ass Band. For four years he held the ofBce of deputy postmaster of Pine River under A. M. Kimball. He and his wife are consistent members of the Lutheran Church. ^^ ARCHIE M.MILLAN. a representative ^/L-i| farmer residing on section 31 in the town /// ™ of Saxevillc, Waushara County, is a native ^ff of Manchester. England. He was born on the 8th of April, 1839, and is a son of Daniel Mc- Millen. who was born on the Isle of Bute, Scotland, about twenty-eight miles from Glasgow, Oct. 22, 1809. Deserved a four years' apprenticeship to the bl-.cksmith's trade, which he followed during the greater part of his life. On attaining his majority he left his native isle and went to Liverpool, where he worked for a short time, after which he spent thirteen j-ears in the emplo3- of William Fairhairn, in Manchester, England, as a machinist and black- smith. He then engaged in business for himself for two j'cars, repairing machinery in various fac- tories in ^lancliester. On the 6th of May, 1838, he married Isabella Beard, who was born in Ber- wick, Scotland, on the Tweed. Aug. 3, 1813, and was a daughter of George and Margaret (Wood) Beard, who were also natives of Scotland. They lived ui)on one farm for twenty-four years and Mr. Beard was a deacon in the Presbyterian Church for the long period of fortj'-four years. The mother of our subject was born near Mel- rose Abbey, the birth place of Sir Walter Scott, and by her union with Daniel JIcMillan became the mother t.f four children — Archie; George B.. mentioned later on; Margaret .\., wife of Thomas H. Dredge, a native of England; and Daniel D„ whose residence is at present not known to the family. In April, 1850, the family emigr.ated to America, settling first in New York City. The father PORTRAIT AJSD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 377 worked for the Hudson River Railroad Company for two years but on account of failing healtii was forced to seelt new employment and came to Pine River, Wis., May 12, 1852. He purchased 160 acres of wild land in the town of Saxeville, which he operated for four years, when he was called home. He died Feb. 12, 1856, of consumption. He was a member of the Scotch Presbyterian Church, politically was a Republican and was one of the strongest supporters of abolition principles. The subject of this sketch acquired his education in England and the schools of New York City. He selected for a life companion Miss Maggie Moore, who w.as born in Walworth County, Wis., Oct. 16, 1846. Unto them have been born two children — Mary B., born Dec. 2, 1876; and Anna, born Feb. 21, 1881. Since 1859 Mr. McMillan has resided upon the farm which is now his home. He is an excellent farmer, thoroughlj' understands his busi- ness and is therefore quite successful in his opera- tions. He also devotes considerable attention to stock raising, making a specialty of Short-horn cat- tle and Merino sheep. Mr. McMillan has long been numbered among the prominent and influential citizens of Waushara County and has taken a leading part in public affairs. Heisastaunch ad vocateof Republican principles and has held various official positions. He was town- ship Chairman for six successive terms, from 1861 to 1870, was town Clerk, was town Treasurer in 1871, in 1876 was Clerk of the court and held that office six years and in 1883 was made town Chair- man, which position he still holds. In 1887 he served as Assistant Engrossing Clerk in the State Legislature; in 1888 was Chairman of the delega- tion from Waushara County to the State Conven- tion and in Seiitember, 1886, was a Delegate to the Congressional Convention that nominated C. B. Clark for Member of Congress. Promptness and fidelity have ever marked his course under his of- ficial career and the many offices which he has held indicate his popularity. Socially he is a member of Pine River Lodge, No. 207, A. F. & A. M., in which he holds the office of Secretary and in 1884 and 1885 represented the auxiliary m tlie Grand Loilge at Milwaukee. George McMillan, brother of .'Archie, also de- serves special mention in this volume as one of the valued citizens of Waushara County. He was born Dec. 13, 1 840, in Manchester, England, and after ac- quiring a good common school education engaged in teaching for two years in the town of Saxeville and for three years in the village of that name. A loyal and patriotic citizen, in 1861 he enlisted as a mem- ber of Com pan}' A, 16th Wisconsin Infantry, com- manded by Capt. Edward Saxe. He was first under fire at the battle of Shiloh, after which he was of- fered the rank of Orderly Sergeant but refused the commission. His first engagement was followed by the hard fought battle of Corinth, another at luka, the second battle of Corinth, after which with his command he marched down the Mississippi Valley and participated in the capture of Holly Springs. In 1863 he marched from Memphis, Tenn., down the Mississippi River to Vicksburg and until after the fall of that city was stationed at Lake Provi- dence. He was there taken sick and sent home on a ninety days' furlough. He rejoined his command while the army was encamped at Red Bone, Miss- issippi, in 1863. His term of three years expired in January, 1864, but he immediately re-enlisted and served until the close of tiie war. He received a second furlough after his enlistment and on his return joined Sherman's army, particpating in the seige of Atlanta, the celebrated March to the Sea. then on through tiie Carolir.as and the grand re- view at Washington. Returning to his home when the war was over, Mr. McMillan clerked in the store of John A. Wil- liams, of Saxeville, until the following spring, when he purchased a sawmill in the northeastern part of the town of Saxeville and for two years engaged in the lumber trade. He then made a tour of Kan- sas, Missouri, Iowa and Minnesota and at length purchased 160 acres of land on Willow Creek in Blue Earth County, Minn., where he engaged in farming for about two years but retained possession of the same for fifteen ^-ears. He now owns 1,120 acres of land situated in different parts of the coun- try. For some time he has been successfully en- I gaged in the culture of cranberries, his marsh in this county yielding him 1500 above all expenses. Socially, Mr. McMillan is a Mason. He was W. ; H. of Pine River Lodge foi' live years and for six 378 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. years has been a representative to the Grand Lodge, in which he served as marshal in 1888. He has been a member of the Clranrt Lodge for fifteen years and also belongs to Berlin Chapter. No. 18, R. A. M. and Berlin Commandery. No. 10, K. T. In politics he is a Republican and for two years served as Town Clerk. eHUISTIAN UMBREIT, who is engaged in general farming and stock raising on section ' 32, Manchester township, is a representative of one of the pioneer families of Green Lake County, where he has made his home since 1853. He was born in Germany, April 26, 1842, and is one of a family of seven children, who accompan- ied their father, John Umbreit, to America in tlie year above mentioned. Mr. Umbreit located on a farm which is now the home of our subject and is slill there living, at the ripe old age of seventy- eight years. He is one of the prominent and re- spected citizens of the place who has many friends but no enemies. He is one of the leading members of the Evangelical Methodist Cliureh, and aided in the organization of the first society of that kind in the county. From the beginning he has served as Class Leader and to the support of the ministry he has given liberally and freely, increasing his dona- tions as success attended his efforts. He was in limited circumstances on his arrival, but by indus- try and perseverance became one of the wealth}' citizens of the community. Of the children of the family, Traugott is a minister of Waukesha, Wis.; Henrietta is the wife of William Soure, a farmer of Columbia County, Wis.; Henry is engaged in farm- ing in the town of Manchester; Christian is the nest younger; William is an extensive farmer and stock-raiser of Wright County, Iowa; Caroline is the wife of Andrew Bates, a butcher of Pipe- stone. Minn.; Phili|). the youngest, is a druggist of Liberty, Missouri. The mother of this family, a noble Christian woman, died in 1881. aged 72 years. Our subject was reared lo farm life and his man- hood days have been spent in like manner. On the 6lh of February, 1865. he was united in mar- riage with Eliza Blochwitz, who was born in New York in 1846. Their union has "teen blessed with four children — Katie, Frank, Edward and Lydia. Since coming to Wisconsin, Mr. I'mbreit has spent fourteen years in Columbia Count}- and the re- mainder of the time in this county. In 1878. he purchased 136 acres of thr; old homestead farm, to which he has since added 80 acres, the entire amount consisting of 216 acres whicii pay tribute to his care and cultivation. It is one of the finest farms in the commuuit}', being furnished with good build- ings and all the necess-ar}- improvements. A fine stone fence has been built, forty feet long and four feet high, the width of the base being four feet and at the top eighteen inches. The home and its entire surroundings indicate thrift and industry, taste and refinement. Mr. Umbreit is eug.agcd extensivelv in the raising of fine slock, giving special attention to the breeding of Durham cattle, Clydesdale horses and Poland-China hogs. He has done much to advance the grade of stock in the county and is I accounted one of the leading farmers. As a citi- zen, he is public spirited and progressive and does all in his power to promote the best interests of the communitj'. Socially, he is a member of the United Workmen, and politically he is a Republican. He cast his first ballot for Abraham Lincoln and from j that time to the present has been an inflexible ad- I herent of the party. He and his wife belong to the Evangelical Church and no belter citizens can be found in the community than that worthy cou|)le. ^_^ENHY K. PRIEST, the popular landlord f)W of the American House, the leading hotel Sf^ of Princeton, has been engaged in the same (^ line of business for almost fifteen years and his long experience, together with his natural adaptability h.is made him a general favorite with ' the traveling public. Mr. Priest was born in Me- nasha, Winnebago County, Wis., on the 1 9th day of May, 1850, and is consequentl}' numbered among the early settlers of the State. His birth occurred in an old log cabin, such as furnished I homes for most of the pioneers, and his early life PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. was passed amid the wild scenes and undeveloped surroundings of the frontier. His parents were Daniel and Ann Frances (Barker) Priest, the for- mer a native of Massachusetts, born of Scotch pra- entage, while the latter was a native of Leeds, Eng- land. Daniel Priest was a manufacturer of woolen goods and in the .State of Ohio, where he removed at an early day, he did an extensive business in that line. After carrying on operations in the Buckeye State for a number of years, he then came to Wisconsin, locating in Menasha, in 1847. He there resumed his old occupation and met with splendid success in his undertaking. The year 1870, however, witnessed his removal to Henrietta, Wis., where in connection with his labors as a man- ufacturer he devoted himself to farming, making his home in that community until his death, which occurred in 1S85. Only two or three months pre- vious his loved wife had been called home, and they who had so long traveled life's journey to- gether were laid side by side in the city of the dead. A family of eight children were born unto them, four sons and four daughters: Martha and William, the two eldest, are now deceased. They were followed by Henry K., Lucretia, Emil^^ Ed- ward C, Dolly and Benjamin. The last two are twins, but the sister is not now living. Having passed his entire life in this State, Henry K. Priest, our subject, has witnessed the greater part of its growth and development and has shared in the hardships and difficulties of the early settlers. He was educated in the common schools of Me- nasiia, and was reared under the parental roof until seventeen years of age, when he left home to earn his own livelihood, securing a position with the Green Bay and Mississippi Canal Company. Dur- ing that time he was engaged in dredging, and by his faithful discharge of duty won the confidence and respect of his employers. The succeeding three years of his life were spent in the govern- ment employ, after which he turned his attention to the business with which he is still connected. He embarked as a hotel keeper in Appleton, Wis., where he remained for one year, when in 1876, he purchased a hotel in Eureka, of which he was pro- prietor for nine 3'ears. Prosperitj' attended his efforts during that period and he purchased a half interest in the steamer "Weston" and barge, which for three or four years had been making trips on the Fox River. He afterward built the steamer. "C. S. Morris," which was engaged in transportation between Portage, Oshkosh and Green Bay. When almost a decade had passed he sold his property in Eureka, immediately afterward purchasing a hotel in Berlin, but there misfortune overtook him. Only nine months had been passed in the latter place when his hotel was burned down. Tliis caused his removal to Princeton, where he also met with a similar accident. With characteristic energy, he at once replaced the hotel in Princeton by a larger and more commodious brick structure, in which he now carries on operations. In 1875, Mr. Priest was united in marriage with Mrs. Sarah A. (Johnson) Holliday, widow of Na- than Holliday, by whom she had three children, George, Belle and Mamie. Tlie death of Mr. Hol- liday occurred in 1872. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Priest, but their first born, Lucy, is now deceased. Sadie, the younger, is yet with her parents. In political sentiment, our subject is a Republican, having advocated the principles of that part^^ since attaining his majority, and socially is a member of Princeton Lodge, No. 52, I. O. O. F. The Amer- ican House is fitted up with all the appointments of a first-class hotel, and its genial host and amiable hostess have the happy faculty of making their guests feel at ease, at the same time providing them with all the comforts and conveniences pos- sible. The family holds a high social position and is well known throughout the community. Sij RAM II. WOOD is a respected farmer of the town of Green Lake, residing on section 5, he having made his home in Green Lake County since 1850, covering a period of almost forty years. He was born in Berkshire County, Mass., Sept. 3, 1824, and is descended from good old Rev- olutionary stock. His paternal grandfather, Lem- uel Wood, who engaged in farming in the Bay 380 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. State, serveection 10 Jl^V\ in the town of Aurora, is a representative of /j^jlj! one of the pioneer families of Waushara ^&y County, of which he became a resident in the spring of 1852. He was born in Onondaga County, N. Y., June 23, 1839, and is a son of AVilliam and Abigail ( Estabrook ) Shead, the for- mer born in Vermont, in 1801 and the latter in the same State in 1802. Their marriage was celebrated in 1822, and for a number of years Mr. Shead en- gaged in farming in the Elmpire State, but at length he determined to see what benefit it would be to him if he settled on the prairies of the West and there made a home, so we find him in 1850 en- route for Wisconsin, whicti but a short time pre- vious had been admitted to the Union. He first settled in the town of Rushford, Winnebago County, but in the spring of 1852, changed his place of residence to a farm on section 10, in the town of Aurora, Waushara County, where ho made his home until his death on the 10th of June, 1877. His wife still survives him and makes her home with her daughter. Mrs. Lorain Bliss, but our sub- ject provides for all her wants and needs. That worth}' couple were the parents of five children, all of whom are yet living — Elisha E., who is engaged in farming on section 11, in the town of Aurora; Lorain M., widow of L. 1'. Bliss; Charles, who is engaged in farming and carpentering in Clark County, S. D.; William, also a resident farmer of the same state; and Briggs of this notice. The early opportunities which our subject had for acquiring an education were quite limited, he being but a lad of eleven years when the family came to Wisconsin and the schools of the pioneer country did not afford very extensive advantages in that direction. He is one of the early settlers of Waushara County and has shared in the hard- ships and difficulties incident to life on the fron- tier. On the arrival of the family they settled on what is now known as Shead's Island, named in honor of the father of our subject, who there built a log house and established his family. The cabin was covered with shakes and had a puncheon floor. When the expenses of the emigration were paid, Mr. Shead found that he had but money enough left to buy two or three hundred feet of lumber and a sack of flour. As they arrived in the fall and no crops could be planted until the following spring the family subsisted on provisions bought from the sale of butter tubs and barrels which the father and sons hewed from timber standing near the cabin door, their home being situated in the midst of a forest. They hauled the tubs to P^ureka on hand sleds, the distance being three miles, and in that way obtained the money which bought them food and clothing during their first winter in Win- nebago County. Thej' could have but little inter- course with the outside world at that time for means of travel were very imperfect and postage on a letter was twenty-five cents. Amid such surroundings our subject was reared to manhood. In his younger days, for a period of about twelve years, he devoted the greater part of his time to coopering but when his father became disabled lor work by rheumatism he took charge of the home farm and provided and cared for his parents. He chose for himself a helpmate in 1860, being joined in wedlock with Miss Mar}' M. Bills, on the 1st of December of that j^ear. Her parents were Jason and Susan (Cork) Bills. Her father was born in Vermont in 1820, became one of the early settlers of the town of Aurora and is still living at this writing. The mother who was born in England in 1821, died on the 28th of June, 1884, at the age of sixty-three years. Tbcy were 392 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. parents of six children and the family circle still remains unbroken. Lucy .1.. is now the wife of Charles .Shcad. of Clark County. S. D. : Julia is the wife of Robert Tennant, a miller of Waupaca County; Dulcina is the wife of George Tarrant, a shoemaker of Berlin, Wis.; Edward C. is enga<^' ^|;AMES II. CARTER, proprietor of a livery, III sale and boarding stable and 'bus line of Ber- II lin, was born in Geauga County, Ohio, April ^/, 4, 1838, and is a son of Joseph T. and Sarah (Fuller) Carter, who were natives of Essex County, Vt.. and descended from old New England families of English origin. Our subject came to Wisconsin with his parents in 1849, the year following its admission to the Union. The family dwelt a year in Kenosha, when they removed to the town of Warren, Waushara County. James was reared on his father's farm and like farmer lads in general acquired his educa- tion in the common schools. When he had at- tained to man's estate, he united his destiny with that of Miss Emma Uildine. the wedding taking place in October, 18.i8. The lady, a daughter of William Dildine, was born in Hillsdale. Mich, and is a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Their union was blessed with two chil- dren, sons — Frank L.. who was born in April, 1862. married Miss Mary Parker, and is engaged in busi- ness with his father in Berlin; James Bird, the younger, was born March 11, 1880, being eighteen years younger than Frank. In October, 1864, Mr. Carter left his wife and little son and enlisted in Coropanj- K, oth Regiment Wisconsin, in which he served until the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Hatchies Run and Ft. Fisher, the surrender of Petersburg, the battle of Sailor's Creek and w.as present at the surrender of Lee's army at Appomattox and took part in the grand review at Washington that fol- lowed that importiint event. He was mustered out in Madison in June, 1865. Mr. Carter sold his farm in the fall of that year, after his return from the war and went to Mitchell, Iowa, where he spent one year, at the end of which time he returned to Wisconsin. For the six suc- ceeding years he devoted his energies to farming and at the end of that time engaged in mercantile pursuits in Waukau. Wis. where he carried on operations two years. His next home was in West- ern Kansas, where he entered a claim, residing thereon for one year, when he returned to Wiscon- sin and then continued on his way to Ispheming, Mich. In that city he was proprietor of the Com- mercial House for a year, but on the expiration of that time came to Berlin and engaged in the com- mission business until 1885, when he embarked in his present business. He keeps a well appointed stable with good horses and carriages and is always prompt and attentive to his customers. More than that, he is a man whom one can trust, and place dependence upon his word as on his bond. In pol- itics. Mr. Carter is a Republican and socially is a member of John H. Williams Post, No. 4. G. A .R. of Berlin, which is said to be the oldest post in the country. He is also a member of the A. O. U. W. lodge of Berlin. R.JAMES LAWN, a practicing physician of Kingston, Wis., was born in Oneida County, N. Y., Oct. 27, 1850, .ind is of Irish descent. His parents, Hugh and Jane (Duncan) Lawn, were born in the north of Ire- land but they were descended from Scottish parents age. Their marriage was celebrated in their native PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 397 land, and in 1849 they crossed the Atlantic to I America, settling in Oneida Countj'. In 18;);'), when our subject was a lad of five years, they came to Green Lake County, and located on a farm on section 32 in the town of Kingston, where they made their home for many years. They were parents of three children — James of this sketch; Jane, wife of Daj-ton A. Sweasy, who is living on the old homestead ; Annie, wife of E. Englehart, of Columbia County-, Wis. The deatli of Mr. Lawn | occurred in April, 1886, and was deeply deplored by ills many friends as he was held in high regard by all and was one of the leading citizens of the i communit}'. He was reared in the faith of the Pres- byterian Church, but afterward joined the Methodist Church and in politics supported the Republican j part3', having united with that partj' on its organi- zation, though previous to that time he had been a Democrat. On the completion of his literary studies, our subject determined to devote his time and atten- tion to the study of medicine, that he might make that profession his life work. He was reared to farm life, but tiring of the monotonj- inein them. As there was no house upon the land wliicli he purchased, Mr. Holmes and his wife passed the nights with a brother, and in the meantime he hauled lumlier from Mackford, and built a little iiome 12x16 feet. There they began life in earnest. With character- istic energy, he began tlie development of his farm and after the forty acres had been broken and placed under cultivation, he added to the land from time to time until he had a fine farm of 200 acres, .ill under the highest cultivation. He took his grist to mill in Whitewater, and obtained pro- visions from Milwaukee, where he also sold the products of the farm. He lived to see the great changes wiiich placed the county in its present ad- vanced position, and none more willingly did bis share than Mr. Holmes. At the time of his arrival there were no public roads, few school-liouses, and these of the most primitive character, and tlie work of improving had been scarcely begun, l)ul he entered lieart and soul into the arduous task of transform- ation aud development, bearing no inconsiderable part in the great progress that has been made. His death occurred on the 27th of May, 1885, after a long life of usefulness. He was an upright, honor- able citizen, fair and just in all his dealings, and was highly respected by those who knew him. Mr. and Mrs. Holmes were the parents of but one child, a daughter, Julia A., who became the wife of N. B. Millard, and died in 18.58. The par- ents of Mrs. Holmes were both of old New Eng- land families, and unto them were born seven children, Sophia being the eldest. The other mem- bers of the family are: Steplien P.. Horace S., Ly- dia A., Yalentia E., Annette L., and (ieorge W. RA E. SMITH, who is engaged in farming on on section 22 in the town of Brooklyn, is a il native of the Empire State. He wa^ born in Orleans County, on the 14th day of October, 1839, and is a son of Clesson and Fannie (Shoemaker) Smith. His grandfather, Elisha Smith, was a native of Hadley, Mass., and in his native city was reared to manhood and married a Miss Harden, by whom he had a large family of children. Soon after his marriage he moved to Orleans County, N. Y. After her death he wedded Mrs. Post. He had nothing but a bundle of clothes and an ax with which to begin life in iiis new home, but bj' industry and economy he became one of the well-to-do citizens of the community. However, misfortune overtook him and he lost nearly everything. In order to assist a friend in a banking enterprise, lie mortgaged his property, but his friend was unable to pay him and he lost all with the exception of about 1800. He then determined, if possible, to retrieve his fortunes in the West, and at an early day settled in Green Lake County, where he somewhat re- stored his lost possessions. He died at the age of eighty-four j'ears. Clesson Smith was born in the Em|)ire State in 1810, i>nd was four times married, his second wife being the mother of our subject. She was de- scended from an old family of the Mohawk Valley. Having engaged in farming in New York until 408 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 1842, Mr. Smith became jwssessed of the desire to make tiie West the scene of his future operations and disposing of his propertj' in the Empire State emigrated to Miciiiofan, and later to Eric County, Oliio, where he resided until 1857, when he came to Green Lake County. He died in Ripon in Janu- ary, 1885. In early life he supported the Demo- ' cratic party, later became a Freesoiler and after wards joined the ranks of the Republican party. { The subject of this sketch is the oldest of four children. His mother died when he was about six years of age and he was then cared for by a step- sister until his fatlier was again married, when he came under the rule of a stern and unloving step- mother. He was permitted to attend school verj- little after twelve years of age and was forced to engage in plowing when so small that the plow- handles had to be cut off in order that he might reach them. His early life seemed a hard one, but it probably developed that self-reliance and force of character which have been important factors in his later years. At the age of seventeen, he started out for himself. His 6rst investment was in an old worn-out threshing machine which he repaired j and for some tliirteen years engaged in threshing | for the farmers of the neighborhood. When the war broke out he was no longer content to follow the peaceful career of a farmer, but was filled witii the desire to aid his country to preserve the Union. On the 13th day of August, 1861, he enlisted in Company 15, of the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, but on examination was rejected on account of lack of size and muscular power. His efforts frustrated in that direction, he then sought elsewhere for a chance to don the blue. On the 23d day of Septeniler, he joined the 3d Wisconsin Battery, Light Artillery, and with the command formed part of the Army of the Cumberland. He partici- pated in the battles of Corinth, Perryville, Crab Orcliard, .Stone River and Chickamaugua. At Stone River his battery was sent across the stream as a decoy. On the approach of the rebels, tlie command was hurried across the river, Mr. Smith wading in up to his neck. During tlie battle of Chickamauga, owing to the giving way of a part of the Union line, his battery was flanked, horses .^nd gunners being slaughtered like shee|). An Enfield rifle ball struck the joint of Mr. Smith's right shoulder, ])assed through the chest and came out under the left collar bone. Unable longer to hold their position, two com- rades seized him and ran with him until the blood so choked him that he lost all strength, and then left him. Another comrade, L. D. Masseure. com- ing along, caught Mr. Smith by the heels, threw him across his shoulder and ran as fast as he could. Just then a loose horse dashed by; Masseure seized it by the bridle, putting our subject across its back like a sack of meal and hurried away for some two miles. This thorough shaking relieved his lungs and was probably the means of saving his life. He was placed in a hospital where he remained thir- teen weeks and at the end of th.at time was told he must either go to the invalid corps or to the front. Though his wounds were still bleeding and he was scai-ceiy able to stand, he decided to go to the front rather than bear the odium attached to going in the invalid corps. For some nine months he did guard duty on the steamer, " Lookout "; then had charge of the lumber camp for about eight months, after which he was mustered out at M.idison, Wis., July 20. 1865. He has been a constant sufferer since he was wounded and deserves a liberal reward from the government, but receives a pension of only $8 per month. Mr. Smith says that he owes his life to Mr. Masseure and the friendship which feels for him amounts almost to brotherly love. Masseure showed a m.agnaminity which his com- rades thought him incapable of, and not a half hour before the ranks gave w.ay Mr. Smith refused him when he offered his services to supply a va- cancy at the gun, because, like others, he believed that Masseure did not possess the courage and fortitude for the place. At the close of the war. ^Ir. Smith returned to his home a shattered man, but proud of his record and his country. He leached home in July, 1865, and on the 12th d.ay of December following was united in marriage with Miss Emma Kutchin. daughter of Rev. T. T. and Amanda (Thomas) Kutchin, both of whom are natives of Pennsyl- vania, and who came to Wisconsin in K55. The ladj' is a native of Pennsylvania, having been born in Bucks Countv, Oct. U, 1837. Their union PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. has been blessed with four children, one son niid three daughters, namely: Mabel, Madge, Arthur and Ethel. Both parents are members of the Methodist Church and do all in their power to ad- vance its interests. In political sentiment, j\lr. Smith cast his first Presidential vote forStepiien A. Douglas, after which he was a Republican until about eight years since, when he joined liie raniis of the Prohibition party and is now one of its most ardent advocates. He is commander of Harry Randall Post. No. 202, G. A. R., and is held in high respect by his comrades and many friends throughout the county. He has followed farming throughout his entire life and is now tlie owner of a farm of fifty acres, pleasantly situated in the vicinity of Dartford. -*J^' -i^— <|||OSHUA E. THOMAS, who is engaged in |! general farming and stock-raising, on src- j, tion 27, Aurora Township, Waushara Coun- 1^^ ty, has passed his entire life in Wisconsin. He was born on the 6th of .June, 18.56, and is the youngest of a family of nine ciiildren, whose pa- rents were Thomas and Martha Thomas. Both his father and mother were natives of Wales, and are more fully mentioned in the sketch of .loiin H. Thomas on another page of tiiis work. The sub- ject of this sketch began his education in the dis- trictschools, and completed his course in the Berlin High School, from which he graduated in the class of 1875. When his school-life was over he en- tered upon his business career as a teacher, follow- ing that profession for four years. At the end of that time he turned his attention to farming, and now owns and operates a farm of ninety-five acres, a part of tlie old homestead, which is under a high state of cultivation and furnished with all the nec- essary buildings, together witii many improve- ments of an ornamental character. In connection witli the cultivation of his land he devotes consid- erable time to stock-raising and is constantly im- proving the grade of the horses and cattle which he owns. lie is a stockholder of the Waushara Dairy Association, in which he has held otiice at dififerent times. He has also lilled many positions of public trust, including that of Town Treasurer, in which he served three years. He takes an active interest in political affairs, and casts his ballot witli the Republican party. On Christmas Day of 1878 Mr. Thom.as was united in marri.age with Miss Candace Davis, a n;i- tive of Wisconsin, and a daughter of Elliot and Cordelia Davis. Her father was a native of New York and her mother of Vermont, and they be- came residents of Waushara County in the early days of its history. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas has been blessed with three children: Marj' E., aged nine years; ICrnest R., aged seven years; and Myrvin, who is four years of age. This worthy couple have a pleasant home on section 27, in the town of Aurora, and with them resides the mother of our subject. Both he and his wife are members of the Baijtist Church, and are faithful Christian people, liberal with their means in sup- port of the Gospel, while their lives are character- ized by charity and benevolence. The poor and needy find in them true friends, for they are ever ready to extend a helping hand to those less for- tunate than themselves. They have many warm friends in the community, and richly deserve the high regard in which they are held. \|u^ ENHY \'INZ is a prominent merchant of Yfj'\ Kingston, and is numbered among the early i4^^ settlers of Green Lake County. The his- (^; tory of life on the frontier is both thrilling and interesting, but it was connected with m.any hardships, and the noble band of men and women who i)atiently bore those trials deserve the highest words of pi-aise for their self-sacrifice and efforts. To them the county owes her present prosperity, and it would be injustice on our part to omit the sketch of one who has been so prominently identi- fied with the progress and advancement of the community as he whose name heads this sketch. Mr. Vinz was born in the Kingdom of Prussia, on the 21st of March, 1832, and is a son of -lohn W. Vinz, who died when our subject was but four 410 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. years old. The days of liis boybood aud youth were spent in his native land, in much the usual manner in which bojs occupy their time. Liberal educational advantages were afforded liim and he profited by his opportunities. It was in the eight- eenth year of his age that he crossed the Atlantic to America to seek his fortune. He liad heard much of the splendid .advantages offered to_ young men, and he resolved to see for himself if it were possible to more readilj- gain a competency in tlie new world than in the old. He has never yet had occasion to regret the step taken. Though he be- gan life with nothing, he is now or.e of the wealtiiy citizens of the community, and in connection with his business interests owns between 500 and 600 acres of land as the result of judicious manage- ment, untiring labor, and tlie able assistance of his wife, who has proved herself a true helpmate to him. On the 20tli of August, 1854, Mr. Yinz led to the marriage altar Jliss Margaret Weisel, who came to this county in 1850. Nine children c.anic to gladden the home by their presence, but only two remain under the parental roof. Mary C, the eldest, died at the age of^nineteen years ; Jlargaret G. is the wife of Henry Schmidt, of S.alem, McCook Co. S. D.; John H. is living: in Salem, S. D.. and is the husband of Amelia Vinz ; Eliza is the wife of Joiin Luecke, of McCook County, S. 1). ; Pklward William married Lizzie Fretzke, and makes his home in Markesan; Frederick G. is living on the farm ; Adam E. has been admitted to partnership with his father; Eva T. resides with her brother on the old homestead; and John Frank is still with his parents. Mr. Vinz is a member of the I,utheran Church, and Mrs. Vinz is a member of the Con- gregational Church, and both are highl3' respected citizens of the community in which the}' make their home. .Since 1866 Mr. Vinz has been engaged in the mercantile business in Kingston, carrying a full stock of general merchandise. He has a good trade, and is one of the enterprising and successful busin( .ss men of the town, who finds time to de- vote to the interests of the community as well as to his own affairs. He possesses excellent judg- ment. :uid his 1' ng years of experience have made him familiar with the wants and desires of his cus- tomers. Mrs. Mnz is a native of Grossherzoglhum, Hesse- Darmstadt, at Mushenheira, where she was born May 13, 1837, and crime to America in 1850, with her parents. Conrad and Anna M. Weisel, who settled in the town of Manchester. Green Lake County, the same year of their arrival. Mr. Weisel died in November, 1866, and his wife is still living at the age of eighty years. They had a family of one son and three daughter.^, all of whom are living. APT. ED80N E. TEURILL, an honored pioneer citizen of Waushara County, resid- on section 32, in the town of Leon, is a native of Chittenden Count}-, Vt. He was born June 16, 1829, and is of English descent. His grandfather, Jonathan Terrill, was also born in the Green Mountain State, where he lived the peaceful life of a farmer. He was a soldier of the war of 1812, and served in the battle of Plattsburg. Enoch E. Terrill, father of the Captain, w.as born in Chittenden County, in 1807, and throughout his entire life followed agricultural pursuits. He came to AVaushara County in 1850 and settled on whiit is now section 3, in the town of Leon, where he developed a good farm. At the time of his ar- rival the county was in a wild and unsettled condi- tion, the work of progress and development hav- ing been scarcely begun. He was the first white seltler in the immediate locality in wliich he set- tled, but he lived to see many great changes, aud took an active part in the upbuilding of the county. He wedded Mary Weatherby, a native of Massa- chusetts, born near the city of Boston, June 16. 1811. Her parents were Edward and Cynthia (Barrington) Weatherby. They were natives of Massachusetts but removed to Vermont at an early d.ty, and in that State spent the remainder of their lives. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Terrill were born nine children, six sons and three daughters, our subject being the eldest of the number. Mr. Terrill de- parted this life in 1875. In politics he was an un- comprcimising Whig, and an able defender of the princii)les whicli he advocated. He held the ortice PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. of Justice of the Peace fluring the greater part of his residence in AVaushara Count}-, and was num- bered among the worthy and vaUied citizens of tlie community. Until fourteen years of age Ca[)t. Terrill re- mained at lionie on his father's farm, Init desiring to follow some other pursuit than that of agricul- ture, he went to Manchester, N. H., where he was employed in a cotton factory until he had attained to mature years. One of the most important events of his life occurred while in that city, [his marriage with Hannali H. Richardson, a native of tlie Gran- ite State. Their union was blessed with a familj' of nine children, all of whom are living, with the exception of Henry, the second son, who dicil Oct. 17, 1886. The other children are as follows: Warren, Alonzo, Charles, Jay, Clyde, Viola, Anna, and Kittie Belle. In 1850 Capt. Terrill emigrated to Wisconsin, believing it for the best interests of himself and famil3\ After traveling some days he at length reached Strong's Landing, Green Lake County, with only $1.65 in his pocket. He settled in On- tario Township, now the town of Leon, where he made a claim of eight}^ acres of the wild and un- improved land, upon which he built a one-roomed log cabin. He there began life in true pioneer style, and has become one of tlie leading farmers of Waushara County. The following year after his arrival he entered the employ^of Samuel Per- rin, who had a contract with the Surveyor General of Wisconsin to make the government surveys of Northern Wisconsin from township 14 to Shawno. After following that business for four months the Captain returned to the farm and gave his undi- vided attention to its cultivation until, believing that duty called him elsewhere, he responded to his country's call for troops. He enlisted as a private of Company L Tth Wis- consin Infantry, in June 1861. The company first went to Washington, D. C, and during the suc- ceeding winter was encamped at Arlington Heights, the headquarters of the army being at the residence of Gen. Robert E. Lee. Conii)any I formed a part of the 1st Army Corps, commanded by Gen. McDowell. It participated in the battles of Rappahannock, Sulphur S|irings, Gainesville, and the second battle of Bull Run. where Capt. Terrill was twice slightly wounded and afterward taken prisoner. All of the slightly wounded prisoners were permitted to go to Harper's Ferry or Richmond after signing a parole. Our subject walked eighty- four miles on his crutches to Harper's'Ferry, from whence he was sent to Columbus, Ohio, and after three months went home on a sick furlough. Regain- ing his health he rejoined his command at Belles Plaines, Va., in March," 1863. That winter he par- ticipated in the battles of Pittsburg and Chancel- lorsville, which was followed by the engagement at Beverly Ford on the 9th of Jum.-. No important battle then occurred until the hotly contested <.ne at Gettysburg. The brigade to which he belonged was the first to strike the rebel infantry and Gen. Reynolds, who commanded the corps, was killed. Allliough many of his comrades there laid down their lives on the altar of their country, the Cap- tain escaped uninjured. After the battle many of the different corps were disbanded and re-organ- ized, and Company I was assigned to the 5th Corps, commanded by Gen. Warren. In the fall of 1863, the battle of Wine Run was fought, after which the army went into [winter quarters. Several im- portant engagements occurred the following spring, including the battles of the Wilderness, Laurel Hill, White Oak Church, Spottsylvania Court House, and the following year the siege of Peters- burg. His faithful service and valiant conduct on the battle field won promotion for Mr. Terrill, and he was made captain of his comiiany, in which po- sition he served until the close of the war. After more than four years spent on Southern battle- fields, during which he shared in the man}' hard- ships and privations incident to army life, he was honorably discharged at Jeffersonville, Ind., on the 3d of July,'1865. AVhile in the service Capt. Terrill was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died very suddenly on the 16th of January, 1863. He was again married Jan. [28. 1864, his second;union be- ing with P^liza J. Morson. His wife is a member of the Congregational Church, and a most estima- ble lady. The captain still continues his farming operations, and is the owner of 205 acres of arable land, all of wliicli is under a high state of cultiva- 412 PORTRAIT ANU BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. tion and well iruprovrd. Stock-raising also occu- pies considerable of his attention, lie making a specially of tlie breeding of Jersey- cattle. In po- litical sentiment he is a stanch Republican, having supported that part}- since its organization. For six years he held the Chairmanship of the Town Board of Leon Township, and served as the first postmaster of Terrill. In 1882 he was elected Treasurer of Waushara County for a term of two years, and the prompt and able manner with which he discharged his duties led to his re-election in 1884. Socially the Captain is a member of Kdwin Saxe Post, No. 135, O. A. R. -^^^€#»*' SAMUEL F. MrCAULKY. one of the ear- liest living settlers of Green Lake County, now residing on section 1 in the town of Brooklyn, is truly a self made man. We are pleased to record his sketch in the permanent record of his county's history as his example is well worthy of emulation. It shows what can be accomplished by industry and perseverance and may cause others to take renewed courage and press forward. The family from which he is descended was estab- lished in America during the early Colonial days. His paternal grandfather was a New Hampshire farmer and served his country iu the Revolution- !iry War. He married a Miss Jamieson, who long survived him. living to a very .advanced age, and unto them were born eight children. The maternal grandfather also followed the occupation of farm- ing in the old Granite State. He was married prior to the breaking out of the Revolution, but when the call to arms resounded over the country, he left his team in the field where he was working, hurriedly biide good-b^e to his wife and little son and left for the scene of battle. He was the father of a family of seven children. Thomas McCauley was born near Concord, N. M., on the 29th of .luly. 1780. and on reaching man- hlding fifteen of the thirty shares. The company was incorporated in 1884 with four- teen members. He owns thirty head of registered Holstein cattle, and sixty head of other cattle; milking about sixty cows. Mr. Mathews also devotes some attention to the raising of fine hogs and owns one of the most complete stock farms in the State. It is furnished with five living springs and has everv convenience and improvement necessary to his business. Politicall}- he was a Re- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 415 publican, but is now a Prohibitionist. Both he and his wife are members of the Congregational Church, and lie is a member of the G. A. R. of Wisconsin. He has been President of the Old Settlers' Society for about eight j'ears, is a promi- nent temperance worker and aided in the organiza- tion of the first Good Templars lodge of Waushara County. Few men are more widely or more favorably known than Joseph Mathews. SjSAAC H. MORRIS, an honored pioneer of I Green Lake County, was born in the town of lis Depuyster, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.. in 1827. His father, Tiraotliy Waltham Morris, was also a native of the Empire State, and was a member of the same family to which Robert Morris, the first Secretary of tlie United States Treasury, belonged, and also Gouverncur Morris of New York. Our subject was reared to manhood on a farm in the woods of Northern New York, and was early trained to habits of industry and economy. He came to the Territory of Wisconsin in 1845, and set- tled in Racine, where he formed the acquaintance of Miss Jane Secor, whose hand he sought in mar- riage. Their wedding was celebrated in 1847, and shortly afterward they removed to Marquette County, locating on a farm on what is now section 26 of the town of Berlin, Green Lake Count3', where they reared a family of six children, four sons and two daughters: Cliarlcs S., the eldest, is proprietor of the Fourth Ward Flouring Mills, and is represented upon another page of this work. Delos, who married Tillie McLaughlin, and is liv- ing in Berlin, is now Deputy Sheriff of Green Lake County, and formerly held the Superior Office. Bert, the next younger, married Carrie Simpson, and is a farmer of the town of Berlin. Julia died at the age of seventeen years. Minnie is the wife of John Murphy and they make their home in Ber- lin. Ford W. is the present clerk of the Berlin & Montello Granite Co.. of Berlin. Mr. Morris was a Republican in politics, and held various official positions. He was for many years Chairman of the town of Berlin, when the village and town were under one government, hut was so bitterly opposed to bonding the town for the purpose of building a railroad into it, that finding himself in a minority, he would not remain longer with the Board when the measure was car- ried. He served two years as Deputy Sheriff and one term as Sheriff, and was a faithful and com- petent officer. He died on the 7th of July. 1870, at his home in Berlin, at the age of forty-three yeai-s. He was a quiet, unassuming man, whose word was as good as his bond, and whose integrity and honest manliness commanded respect and con- fidence wherever he was known. His widow sur- vives him and has again been married, becoming the wife of Melvin Childs, of the town of Berlin. —5 '^"■^* 8— &0N. LORENTUS J. BRAYTON, one of the ) prominent and enterprising citizens of Green Lake County, residing in iNIarquctte, is a native of the Empire State, having been born in Kingsbury, Washington County, April 27, 1846. His parents. William and Aurelia (Kingsley) Brayton, were also born in AVasliington County, and unto them were born eight children who lived to mature years. Anzoletta married Charles Adams, and died in Troy, N. Y.. but was buried in her native county; Jane is also deceased; Augusta J. is living in Green Lake Count}% Wis.; Cornelia married Charles Harris, now deceased, and is living in Washington Count3-, N. Y.; George F.. who served as Sergeant In the 44th New York Reg- iment, died in this county in 1888; William T., who served for tiiree years with honor In the 3d Wisconsin Cavalry, is now a clerk in the Pension Office at Washington, D. C; Lorentus J. is the next younger; and Erastus C, who was Sergeant In the 44th New York Regiment, is living In Mar- quette. William Brayton, the father, served his country in the War of 1812, and his sons, following his ex- ample of loyalty, defended the Union cause in the late war. He was a strong supporter of the Wiiig party and entertained strong abolition principles. He held various offices; was Commissioner of Loans, and for several terms was Supervisor. He was a great student, and possessing a retentive 416 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. inemoiy. l)ecame a man of miuli more than aver- age intellii^eiice, and was a valued citizen of the community in wliich be made his home. He died in Grand Isle County. A^t.,in 1854, and was buried in his native county, as was also his wife. Both were consistent meml)ers of the Baptist Church, in which he served for many years as Deacon. Our subject passed his youthful days in his na- tive county, and remained under the parental roof until 1858, when he left home and came direct to Wisconsin. Me first located in Columbia County, where he obtained a position as teacher in the pub- lic schools. In the spring of 1859 he came to Mar- quette, where he has since made his home. He here became acquainted with Miss Helen A. Potter, daughter of Judge Daniel Potter, and in 1861 they were united in marriage. Tlie lady is a native of Genesee County, X. Y.. and their union has been blessed with three children: James E.. who mar- ried Nellie Skeels, and is now engaged in the drug business in Ripon. Wis.; Helen A., who married Charles H. Smith, son of Samuel Smith, one of the prominent citizens of Markesan, and Mary D., who is still at home. Mr. Brayton is one of the firm supporters of the Republican party, and a warm advocate of its prin- ciples. His fellow-citizens have honored him with various official positions, including several local offices, and in the sessions of 1865 and 1866 lie represented his district in the Legislature. Twenty years later he was again elected to the same office and during his term served as chairman of the com- mittee on State Affairs and other important com- mittees. Few, if any, have lalwred more effect- ively for the best interests of the community than Mr. Brayton. He used his legislative powers for the benefit of the public, and as a member of the School Board, which position he has occupied for many years, he has greatly promoted the educa- tional interests. He believes in providing the best scliool privileges for the ciiildren, and thus fitting them for the duties of life and citizenship. So- cially he is a member of the M.asonic order, be- longing formerly to Marquette Lodge, No. 102. of which he was Master for a number of years, and its representative to the Grand Lodge. He and liis family are members of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and stand high in the social world. He is also a member of Ripon Chapter, R. A. M. Both in his public and private life Mr. Brayton is above reproach. His honorable career, and his uniform courtesy, have won him the confidence and high regard of all. J'RANK ALKXANDKR C LARK, proprietor P^ of tlie Woodworth House of Berlin, Green Lake County, was born near Niagara Falls, in Ontario, Canada. Sept. 26. 1850, and is a son of John and Kate (McDonald) Clark. His parents were born in Scotland, the father in Aberdeenshire, the mother in Perthshire. They were married in Edinbifrgh, and came to Canada in 1837, passing the balance of their lives here. Our subject was educated in De Veaux College, at Niagara Falls. He also attendc.l B^rant fl PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 41£ that arrangement an extensive business was carried on until July, 1888, when Mr. Clark withdrew, sel- ling his interest to his partner, and retired from mercantile life. In the month of March previous, in company with Mr. Collins and Franlv Rice, he had purchased the Woodworth House and incor- porated the Woodworth House Company, of which he was made President. The hotel was conducted under that management until .Tul}', 1888, when on selling his dry goods business he purchased the in- terest of the other stockholders and became sole proprietor, since which time he has operated the house alone. The Woodworth is a first-class house in all its appointments, and under its present man- agement has rapidly grown in popularity. It has a capacity for entertaining from sixty to seventy- five persons, and is well furnished and managed with a view to giving the best possible satisfaction to its guests. Mr. Clark is an energetic, active business man, and whatever he undertakes he car- ries forward to a successful completion. While in the dry-goods trade, as every one knows, he did the largest business ever carried on in Berlin, and in the best season employed as many as forty-live clerks, while his annual sales amounted to *90,000. Mr. Clark was married in Berlin on the 16th of January, 1882, to Miss Belle Perry, a daughter of Ambrose Perrj-. Siie was born in Madison, Branch Co., Mich., and came to Berlin with h(;r parents in 1866. By the union of Mr. and Mrs. Clark two children have been born, a son and daughter — Perry Alexander and Jennie Berenice, both born in Berlin. In politics, Mr. Clark is a Republican, and socially belongs to the A. O. U. W.and Modern Woodmen of America. \lpjy~)ENJAMIN HAIOH, one of the prosperous 11^^ farmers, and an induential citizen of the (i^)J)/ ^°^^° °^ Brooklyn, now i-esiding on section ^&^' 25, has made his home in this community since 1857. He is now the owner of a fine farm of 163 acres of land, which he keeps under a high state of cultivr.tion. He also raises a good grade of stock, the barns and outbuildings are all that are necessary to a model farm, and the many improve- ments which he has made, both u.seful and orna- mental, have made his home one of the finest in the county. The main events wiiich liave taken place in the life of our subject are as follows : He was born near the city of Wheeling, W. Va., Dec. 6, 1819, of English parentage. His father was Richard Haigh, a native of Yorkshire, England, who engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods both in his na- tive land and after his emigration to America. He married Miss Ann Booth, who was born in the same count3', and was a daughter of one of the ex- tensive manufacturers of tliat section. In 1816, they determined to try their fortune in America, but there were some dilliculties attending the carry- ing out of their resolve. According to a law en- forced at that time, no manufacturer was allowed to remove from the country, so in order to leave that land, he must resort to strategj'. He and two cousins, who were also anxious to come to Amer- ica, had three Irish laborers to secure passage at the custom house, which they gave to Mr. Haigh and his relatives; the}- then arrived safely in America, and the following year Mr. Haigh was joined by his family, consisting of wife and three children, who weie born across the ocean. For a short time, he was engaged in operating a woolen factory near Wheeling, but afterward re- moved to Steuben ville, Ohio, being employed for five years in a factory in that city. His next place of residence was in Germantown, Pa., whence he re- moved with his family to Dutchess County, N. Y., and afterward, in company with a brother-in-law, built and operated a woolen factory in Montgom- ery, N. Y. He was an excellent workman, thor- oughly understanding tlie business in ever}- depart- ment, and could therefore command excellent wages. His death occurred in Montgomery County, at the age of fifty-five years, and his wife passed to her final rest in Seneca County, N. Y., at the ad- vanced age of eighty years. They were parents of six children, two sons and four daughters, but onlj' three survive. Both parents were believers in the faith of the Episcopal Church, and the father was a Whig in p(>litical sentiment. Our subject is the oldest living child of the fam- ily. The opportunities which he received for acquir- 420 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ing an education, were such as the common schools aflfoided, and at the age of twelve years, he began working in the factory at Ilagerman's Mills, N. Y. After he had become thoroughly acquainted with the business of manufacturing cloth, the firm by which he was employed turned its attention to the manufacture of ingrain carpets. The partners were a brother-in-law of our subject and the Green brothers, the former furnishing the capital, the others managing the business. After they had made considerable money in their new enterprise, and the Green brothers had iiecomc possessors of considerable capital, tlie^v withdrew from the firm and started in business for themselves on a more extended scale, fitting up a large factor}' for the purpose. They thought thus to ruin Jlr. Ilaigh's brother-in-law, who was totally unacquainted with the work, but our subject understood the business, and was made superintendent of the establishment, a iJosition which he retained four years. Seeing that they had not succeeded in their efforts to break down the business of their old employer, the}' made an offer to Mr. Haigh to become their super- intendent, offering him greatly increased wages, but he would not then desert his brother-in-law, though he afterward accepted the position of super- intendent, serving in that capacity for seven years. The marriage of Benjamin Haigh and Miss Helen M. Morrison, of New York, was celebrated on the 6th of June. 1844. Tlie lady was born near Hud- son, in the Km|)ire State, Feb. 20, 1H24. and their union was blessed with three childreu, two of whom are yet living: Ann E., the first l)orn, died in in- fancy; Maria K. is the wife of Theodore J. Clute, by whom she has two children. Charles B. and Edith P.; Willis S. married Fanny M. Dike, and they have one child living. Frank L. Mrs. Haigh departed this life Oct. 6, 1887. In 1850, Mr. Haigh severed his connection with the manufacturing firm by which he was employed as superintendent, and came to Wisconsin, where he has since made his home. He first located on the Indian land, in what is now the town of St. Marie. Green Lake County, but he was an inexperienced farmer, having never before engaged in agricul- tural pursuits. The first fe.v years he experienced great hardships, a?ad encountered many obstacles. The soil of this first farm was sandy, so he deter- mined to seek land elsewhere, and in 1857 settled upon his present farm on section 25. in the town of Brooklyn. With what success his eflforts have been crowned we have previously seen. Mr. Haigh is a man of more than ordinary ability, and is one of the most prominent citizens of the county. He has taken especial interest in educational and church enterprises, but has never refused his support when called upon to aid in the promotion of any matter calculated to benefit the community. He has sup- ported the Whig party, but is now an advocate of Republican principles, and was elected by that party as Supervisor of the town of St. Marie for one term, and of the town of Brooklyn for two terms. See portrait. ^^^^J^EORCiK AMES, one of the prominent and 11 (=, influential young farmers of Mackford ^^^11 township, Green Lake County, residing on section 29. was born in Orford, N. H., on the 2d day of January, 1824, and in that community the days of his boyhood and youth were passed. He received his education in the district schools of the neighborhood and on leaving the parental roof came to the West, where he believed he might sooner accumulate a competency. He has never yet had occasion to regret the step he then took, for prosperity has attended his footsteps and he is numbered among the substantial farmers of the community. The year 1849 witnessed the arrival of Jlr. Ames in this county and in 1851 he w.as joined in wedlock with Miss Nancy Kelley. a native of Can- ada. Their children are all yet living — Ella, wife of Albert Mather, of Brown County, S. D.; Jennie, wife of Joshua Carter, of Green Lake County; Will- iam H., who married Miss Clara Buzzell and makes his home in this county; George A., wed'led Nettie Calder; Carrie is the wife of Joseph Freem.'in; and Eddie lives in this county. Mr. Ames has spent almost his entire married life in Green Luke County. With the hope of making a comfortable home for himself and fam- ily, he has labored earnestly and diligently, and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 421 his wishes have been fulfilled. He is now the owner of a beautiful farm of 300 acres, whose well- tilled fields, good buildings and neat and orderly surroundings plainly indicate the thrift and in- dustry of the owner. Diligence and enterprise are numbered among his chief characteristics, whether in regard to business transactions or public duties. He is a loyal citizen, who takes an active interest in the upbuilding and progress of the com- munity, or in anything which pertains to the pub- lic welfare. In politics he is a Republican. He represents one of the honored pioneer families of the county, and it would be an inju.sticc to his family as well as a matter of deep regret on the part of his friends if we did not append a sketch of his worthy parents. Phineas Ames, his father, was born in New Hampshire in 1790 and there grew to maturity. When he had obtained his majority, he led to tlie marriage altar Miss Hannah Leonard, of Orford, N. H., and eight children came to gladden the home by their presence. The family circle re- mained unbroken until all bad attained to mature years. The record is as follows: Elizabeth be- came the wife of G. A. Galloway and is living in Great Bend, Kansas; Phoebe married James Davenport and removed to Upper Canada, where her death occurred ; Lucy A. is the wife of Benja- min Rogers, who came to Green Lake County in 1849; George is next in order of birth; Hannah, widow of Robert Currie, came to the West in 1849, but subsequently removed to Solomon City, Kan.; Rosella became the wife of Sampson Rob- erts, now deceased, and with her husband settled in LTpper Canada; Mary is the wife of William Magrage, of Alto, Wis.; iidward, who completes the family, resides in this county. In 1849 we find the Ames family on route for Wisconsin, and at length they reached Green Lake County, where the husband and father located a claim on Section 29 in the town of Mackford. He first purchased 1 20 acres, which was but pariially improved, the buildings consisting only of a little log cabin, but ere his death, he had one of the finest farms in the county. In early life he was a stanch supporter of the Whig party and a great admirer of Henry Clay and William Henry Harri- son, but he afterwards joined the forces of the Re- publican party. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ames were members of the Methodist Church and were earn- est, consistent Christian people, who did what they could to promote the Master's cause on earth. They were among the first to unite with the Lake Marie congregation, and died in full fellowship with that society, Mr. Ames' death occurring in 1878 in the eighty-eighth year of his age and his wife being called home in 1870, when seventy-five years of age. Although their many friends will see them no more on earth, they will never be forgotten while time lasts, for their lives of uprightness and their many acts of kindness and charity endeared them to the hearts of all. ^/^ LARK PAGE is engaged in farming and [/[^ stock-raising in the town of Berlin, Green ^^' Lake County, his home being on section 23, in the house where he was born some thirty-three years ago. His birth occurred on the 30th of Jan- uary, 1856, and he is of English descent. He is a son of Samuel F'. and Susan A. (Fuller) Page, a short historj' of whom is given in the sketch of Albert Page. The days of his boyhood and youth were spent in much the usual manner of farmer lads, he assisting in the labors incident to that life in the summer months, while in the winter season he attended the district school. He afterward en- tered the Berlin High School, but was deterred from comi)leling the course by the death of his father, who was killed by a runaway team. His duty was then at home. The management of a large farm devolved upon him and his brother Albert and they operate it conjointly still. On Christmas Day of 1883, Mr. Page united his destinj' with that of Miss Kittie M., the accom- plished daughter of Dr. Miles Mix, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this volume. She was born in Green Lake County, Feb. 5. 1859, and three children grace their union — Guy. Claude F. and Ethel. Mrs. Page is a member of the Baptist Church, to the support of which Mr. Page contributes liberally thoush he is not a member. On attaining his ma- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. jority lie identified liimself witli the Reijublican party, but now casts his ballot with the Prohibi- tion party. He is the owner of •225 acres of land and in the management of his farm displays much ability. He is engaged in raising cattle, Shropshire sheep and a fine grade of horsetf, and In connection with his other business interests he and his brother own and operate a dairy and cheese factory, which has a capacity of about 9.000 pounds annually. As a representative of one of the pioneer families of the county, and as one of its leading farmers, we gladly represent Mr. Page in this volume. lk\\^ County, whc \Si, the town of EV. HP:NRY E. UMBREIT, one of the hon- ored and respected citizens of Green Lake vho now resides on section 32 in _ Manchester, was born in Sax- ony, Germany, Jan. 14, 1840. and is a son of John and Rosanna (Wagner) Imbreit. He began his school life in nis native country, and completed his education in the common schools of this com- munity. He is one of tlie self-made men of the county. In his youth he determined tliat his life should be one of uprightness, such as he need never feel ashamed of. He has largely supple- mented his educational advantages by subsequent study, reading and observation, and thereby fitted himself for almost any profession or calling in life. At the age of twenty-two he was converted, and resolved to devote his remaining years to the service of the Master. He has, however, never been engaged as a salaried minister, but has given his time and labors where he believed they were most needed, and h.as been a power for good in the world. He has made farming his principal occu- pation, aside from the discharge of his Christian duties, and has been quite successful in his uuder- taiiings. Wlien a lail of thirteen years. Mr. Umbreit crossed the Atlantic, and. with his parents, located in Green Lake County. At the time of his arrival the country was in a wild and unimproved con- dition. The homes of the settlers were rude log cabins, and they were widely scattered. The first purchase of land which our subject made consistid of an 80acre tract on section 3 in the town of Randolph, Columbia County, becoming its owner in 1860. The same year he was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Sophia Forcy, who was born in Rochester County, N. Y., Nov. 28. 1844, and is a daughter of Conrad and Regina (Blochwitz) Forcy, who were natives of Germany. They emigrated to America in 1843, and became residents of this county in 1845. The mother's j death occurred in Wausau. Wis., in 1854. and the father died in New York Cit3" in 1856. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Umbreit there have been born thirteen ohilrlren, but a part of that number died in infancy. Margaret is the wife of William Fathcliild.a merchant tailor of Chicago; Caroline is the wife of Rudolph IJetert. a wagon-maker of I Markesan; William, Samuel, Edwin, George. Emma. Henry and Lillie are all at home. In 1860 Mr. Umbreit located upon the land which he first purchased, but in 1865 sold that farm and removed to the old homestead of Peter Blochwitz, who was one of the honored pioneers of the county. He first bought 110 acres, but the farm now comprises 190 acres of valuable land, and under the able management of the owner it has become one of tlie most proiUictive farms in town of Manchester. As he found an opportunit}-. he continued his labors of , charity, benevolence .and Christian kindness, but in 1867 he began to minister to the spiritual needs of the people in the community where he made his home. He became a local minister of the Evangelical Association, and by his logical and plain arguments many have been brought to see the error of their ways and enter upon a Christian life. In 1885 he had charge of the circuit, and the following year took charge of the church at Bellefontaine, of which he has since had the control. As before stated, he has never preached for a fixed salary, but has labored for the redemption of his fellow-men. The tem- perance cause has also found in hira an able advo- cate, and he never grows weary in his efforts to promote a good work. He has also filled several local oflSces at the call of his fellow-citizens, and for twelve years served as Postmaster of .Salem- ville. Mr. Umbreit is a Republican in politics, hav- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 423 ing never wavered in bis allegiance to that party since its organization. We are pleased to pres- ent to the patrons of the Album the sketch of the Rev. Urabreit, knowing tliat it will be read with interest by all. Mr. Umbreit studied music extensively in Germany, under leading professors, from iiis sixth to his thirteentli year. Inthiscoun- tr}' he lias taught music many years. ^p^EORGE W. LEATHART, who is engaged fl| (=- in genera! farming on section 35, in the ^'^Ji town of Berlin, Green Lake County, was born in Canada near the village of Granby, Aug. 16, 1844, and is a son of John and Caroline (Whe- dan) Leathart, both of whom were born in Fin- gland but came to America prior to their marriage. For some years Mr. Leathart served as cabin boy on the high seas, and after his emigration to this country was for three years in her Majesty's army. Upon his marriage he turned his attention to farm- ing and in 1856 resumed that occupation in the town of Manchester, Green Lake County, where his wife died, leaving a family of six children, five sons and one daughter. Mr. Leathart then married Sarah Matthews, and they are now living in Monroe County, Wis. Five daughters were born of the second union. He casts his ballot with the Repub- lican party and is a highly respected citizens. Our subject was the second in order of birth in his father's family-, and was reared to farm life. Being among the older children, he was forced to begin life early, and had little opportunity to attend school. He looked with interest upon the progress of the war trouble and resolved to strike a blow for his country's cause if need be, so when the war broke out, though only seventeen years of age, he enlisted in Company L 3d Wisconsin Cavalry for three j-ears' service, hut about three months later his father having learned what had become of liim went to the front and brought George home. His plans frustrated, he again engaged in farming, but on the 3d of October, 1864, having almost attained his majoritj', he again enlisted and served until the close of the war. He was assigned to Company 1, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, and shortly aftci- ward the command was ordered to Lyon, Va., where he remained on duty until his discharge June 26, 1865. He was mustered out with the rank of Sergeant and then returned home. When he again reached Green Lake County, Mr. Leatliart resumed work as a farm hand, whicli he continued until his marriage, which occurred Nov. 25, 1!S68, when Miss Eva E., daughter of John and Catherine (Miller) ChafHn, became his Vv-ife. Her father was born in Berkeley County, Ya., in 1816, and his wife was born in Frederick County, Md., in 1820. When children, both removed with their parents to Champaign County, Ohio, where they were married in 1847. Until 1851 Mr. ChafHn en- gaged in farming "in the Buckej'c State, when he came to this county, locating in the town of Berlin. He advocated the Democracy until 1856, when he joined the new Republican party. He died in Ber- lin in 1882, and his wife passed away in Milwaukee in 1888. Their family numbered three children, two sons, who died in childhood, and Mrs. Leathart, who was born near Urbana. in Champaign County, Ohio, Aug. 22, 1848, and came to this county with her parents. The union of our subject and his worthy wife has been blessed with three sons — Amos J., Aaron C. and Henry L. The eldest possesses great genius as an artist, and though having had but little in- struction has done some very fine work both in landscape and portrait painting. The fine farm of Mr. Leathart with its neat and tasty furnishings indicates tlie owner to be a man of enterprise and progressive spirit. He raises a good grade of stock, and 160 acres of highly im- proved lanl j)ay triI)uto to his care and cultivati- tion. 1 )>ILLIAM Ul 35,inth. •d )>ILLIAM SHAW, who resides on section the town of Kingston. Green Lake County, dates his residence in this com- munity from 1847. He is therefore one of the earliest settlers. To such men the county owes much of its present prosperity and progress for they were the originators of that great forward movement which has placed it in the position it today occupies. It is the aim of the histori.an PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. to perpetuate tbe lives of those men and women who braved the hardships and trials of the frontier to make homes in tiie West, and as sucli an one we are glad to represent Mr. Sliaw. He is of English birth, born in Chester County, llis parents were Josepii and Elizabeth (Whitehead) Shaw, unto whom were born four children, but our subject is tiie only one now living. The father died when AVilliam was but throe years of age, after which. Mrs. Shaw, accompanied bj- her biolher, William Wliiteliead, came to America. The destination of tlie party was the State of New York, and they lo- cated in Oneida County. Mrs. .Shaw was there married to James Ta^'lor. who was also from Eng- land. In the fall of 1848 they "came on to Green Lake County, where Mr. Taylor and our subject had taken up land tlie previous j-ear. Mr. T.iylor died in this county in 1872. and Mrs. Taylor in 1875. William Shaw, of this sketch, was born Feb. 12, 1837, and in 1847, when ten years of age reached the State which has ever since been his home. He .acquired iiis education in a log school house, such as was common at tiiat eari\' day, its rude seats made of slabs, its windows were small aper- tures made in the logs and one end of the building was occupied by an immense fire-place. There Mr. Shaw became familiar with the common branches. His life occupation has been that of farming. He made his first purchase of land in 1865, when he became owner of eighty acres of land on section 35. in the town of Kingston, wliere lie h.as since continuously resided, covering a period of almost a quarter of a century. The land was then In a partly cultivated condition, but much time and labor have been expended upon it before it was transformed into the rich and fertile fields whose wealtli of green delights the p.isser-by. The stone fence surrounding a portion of the land indicates much hard labor, but possessing an energetic and industrious nature Mr. Shaw has continued his labors until a high degree of success has crowned his efforts. Allliough he has met with reverses and discourairemenls. he has labored on undaunted by such difficulties until of him it is now said that he is one of the well-to-do farmers of the community. Great indeed have been the changes which have taken place since bis arrival in tbe county. A vast prairie stretched out before him, covered with long grasses and beautiful flowers and no fences ob- structed travel, but for miles one could ride in an}' direction. Few roads had been made, the work of development and progress at that time having been scarcely begun. Indian wigwams were still seen scattered over the country. Wild animals were j'et to be seen and wild game was found in abnndance. The nearest market was at Mil- waukee and the long trips to and from that city were made with ox teams, but as time moved onward the raw land was converted into beautiful homes and farms, villages assumed the proportions of cities, large business establishments were constructed, the tide of immigration kept pouring in from all parts of the country, and railroads were constructed, tlierebj- providing the settlers with all the comforts and luxuries known to the East. But while this change so beneficial to the county was going on the pioneers who laid \ the foundation were rapidly passing away. .Some have sought homes in the farther West, some have been called to their final home, until but few of those who hiid settled in the county at tlie arrival of Mr. .Shaw are now living. In political .sentiment, our subject is a stanch Republican, having been identified with that party since attaining his majority. He has taken an ac- tive part in all social and moral reforms, and the cause of education finds in him a true friend, who is , ever read}' to give of his means to the upbuilding of schools. No enterprise which is for the benefit of the community has solicited his aid in vain, for he takes great pride in the county which has so long been his home and desires its advancement in every particular. Mr. Shaw has been three times married. On the 1st of January, 1862, he wedded Miss Mary A. Vaughan, by whom he has four children — Lizzie, wife of Alfred Miller, a farmer of Columbia Count}-, Wis ; Joseph, William F. and Harley. The death of the mother, who was a faithful and earnest mem- ber of the Baptist Church, occurred April 11. 1873. Mr. .Shaw then married Roana Noble who died in January. 1885. On the 15th day of No- vember, 1887. he was joined in wedlock with PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Adelia Smith, a native of Lewis County, N. Y., and a daughter of Samuel A. Richmond, she hav- ing been a widow at the time of her maiiiage to Mr. Sliaw. MONROE DODSON, M.D., who for thirt3r-eight years hns successfully pursued the practice of his profession in Wisconsin, was born in the town of Huntingdon, Luzerne Co., Pa., on the 26th day of June. 1826, a.id is a son of John and Sophronia (Monroe) Dodson. Ilis father, who was a farmer in easj' circumstances, was born in Northampton County, Pa., and was of English descent. He passed his life in his native State and was highly respected in the community where he resided. Our subject was reared on his father's farm, re- ceiving his earl}' education in the public seliools. When eighteen years of age he entered Berwick Academy as a student, where lie pursued his studies a few terms, teaching school during the winter months. He began the study of medicine in his native State, but before completing his studies moved to Iowa. The following year, 1849, he went to Madison, Wis., where he further fitted himself for his chosen profession and then attended lectures in the medical department of the Iowa State Universit}', then located at Davenport, and was graduated in the class of 1850. Returning to Madison, he embarked upon his professional career, (continuing practice in that city until Feb- ruar3', 18.51, when he settled permanently at Berlin, where he has since resided. From the time of his coming until the present. Dr. Dodson has enjoyed a large and lucrative practice and has won a repu- tation timt entitles him to rank among the leading physicians and surgeons of the State. He is a member of the Rock River Medical Society, also the State Medical Association, and in each organi- zation has borne an active part, having served as President of tiie last named. He is also a member of the American Medical Association. Appre- ciating tlie necessity of keeping abreast of the times in the progress of medical science, he has on two occasions absented liimself from liome and attended lectures at the Cincinnati Medical College and the Bellevue Hospital College of New York City, and has been a liberal patron of the best medical journals of the country. In 1862, Dr. Dodson opened a drug store at Berlin, which he carried for twenty years, doing an extensive business in that line, in addition to the regular practice of his profession. Since 1882, he has devoted his attention exclusively to his pro- fession, and to his official duties as Superintendent of the city schools. The Doctor has always taken a warm interest in educational matters; for twenty- live years he has been a member of the Berlin School Board, and for twelve years has held the office of Superintendent. During this time the schools of the city have rapidly improved and the high standard of perfection to which they have now attained, reflects great credit upon those who have had charge of their management and especi- ally upon the Superintendent. Dr. Dodson pos- sesses studious habits and is a thorough scholar. His interest in mental culture and scientific research has led him to take a leading part in securing the services of lecturers on literary and scientific sub- jects, thus affording superior opportunities for mental improvement for all who are disposed to benefit by them. On the 1st of Septemlier, 1857, Dr. Dodson was married in Cayuga County, N. Y., to Miss Eliza- beth O. Abbott, daughter of John and Mary (Osborne) Abbott, and a native of the county in which her marriage was celebrated. Two children, sons, were born of their union: John M., the elder, was born in Berlin, Jan. 20, 18.59. was educated for the medical profession in the Rush Medical College of Chicago and the Jefferson Medical Col- lege of Philadelphia, graduating from the former in the class of 1882, and from the latter in 1883. He is now successfully engaged in practice in Chicago. Charles Millard, the younger son, was born in Berlin, Sept. 20, 1860, educated in the city schools, graduating from the High School, after which he studied pharmacy and for several years was engaged in the drug business at Milwaukee and at Hayward, Wis. He now resides in Berlin. Dr. Dodson is a Royal Arch Mason, a member of Berlin Lodge, No. 38, A. F. & A. M.; Berlin Chapter, No. 13, R. A, M,, .also of Berlin Lodge, 426 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. No. 56, I. O. O. F. lie has passed all the chairs in the last named order but is not now an active member in either order. In political sentiment he is a Republican, but has never been a politician in the ordinary sense of the word. The only official positions he has ever been induced to accept are those of School Commissioner and Superintendent. In the practice of his profession the Doctor has been eminently successful, and his services have been in demand over a wide range of territory, where confidence in his skill, both as a physician and surgeon, is firmly established. As a druggist he was recognized as an enterprising and successful business man, and a competent i)harmacist, who employed none but careful and skilled assistants. As a school officer he has been indefatigable in bis efforts to promote the educational interests of the city, in which he has succeeded in a marked de- gree. As a cili/en he deserves and enjoys the highest esteem and respect of a wide circle of ac- quaintances among whom he has passed the main re years of his life. -B3BS;- — il(_ IRAM II. HARMON, one of the leading jifj, furniture dealers and undertakers of (irecn ^/^ Lake County, and a respected citizen of (^) Princeton, is a native of Massachusetts, having been born in Hampshire County. .Ian. i. 1837. The family was of English origin, and was founded in America during the early days of the history of this country. The parents of our sub- ject, Oliver and Amanda (Parker) Harmon, were natives of Massachusetts and in the old Bay State the father followed the occupation of carpentering and joining. In early life he had served an ap- prenticeship to the hatter's trade, but finding that the close confinement was injurious to his heallh he abandoned that pursuit and learned the carpen- ter's ir.ade, which he followed in the East with good success until 1854. That year witnessed his arrival in Wisconsin. He believed that he might belter his condition and that of his family by a removal to the West, and in accordance wilii that belief emigrated to this county, locating in St. JIarie township, where he purchased 120 acres of land. From that time until his death, which oc- curred on the 10th day of May, 1858, at the old homestead, he devoted his attention to farming. He was a man of sterling worth and won the con- fidence and high regard of those with whom busi- ness or pleasure brought him in contact. He was called home at the age of sixty-one 3'ears and his remains were interred in the cemeterj' at Princeton, where some seventeen years later his wife was laid liy his side. She survived her husband until Jan. 14, 1875, dj'ing on the old home farm, at the age of seventy-five years. She w.as a lady of many excellencies of character and like Mr. Harmon had many warm friends. The famil}- circle of that worthy- couple was completed by the birth of eight children, four of whom are j'et living— William H. who is residing in Waseca, Minn.; Oliver N., whose home is in Princeton; lliram II., of this sketch, and Charles B.. who is located in Alexandria, S. D. Hiram H. Harmon was a 3'oung man of seven- teen j-ears at the time of the emigration of the family to W^isconsin. He received his education in the common schools of his native State and re- mained under the parental roof until after attain- ing his majority, when he began life's battle for himself. He entered upon his business career as a farmer, purchasing 80 acres of land adjoining the old homestead which he operated for five years. In the meantime he was united in marriage with Miss Liianna Phelps, the wedding being celebrated March 20, 1862. The lady w.as a daughter of Chauncey and Alma (Heaton) Phelps, natives of New York, who came to Wisconsin and were resi- dents of Green Lake County at the time of their death. The young couple began their domestic life upon the farm which Mr. Harmon first purchased, but in 1864, selling that land, he removed to Mark- esan, where the husband operated a farm for two years. He then purchased a 40-acre tract of land, but after cultivating it for one year again sold and returned to the old homestead, residing in the family for the succeeding two years. It was his intention to remove to the West and there make his home, but in the spring of 1868 the death of his loved wife occurred and in consequence he PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 427 changed his plans, continuing his residence In Green Lake County. Mrs. Harmon, who died on the 9th day of Marcli, was a lady greatly beloved through- out the eoramunity, and her loss was deeply mourned. She left three children, two of whom are yet living — Ella M., who is residing in Mil- waukee, and Willie P., who is engaged as a printer in Minneapolis. Minn.; Mabel I., is deceased. Mr. Harmon was again married Sept. 1, 1870, when Samantha J. Woodruff became his wife. Her parents, Nathaniel and Auril (Sykes) Woodruff, were natives of Vermont, but during the early history of Wisconsin settled in Kenosha, whence, after a few years, they removed to Wau- shara County, where they passed the remainder of their lives. They won the respect of all who knew them and ranked among the valued citizens of the community in which they made their home. About the time of his second marriage Mr. Harmon removed to Piinceton, where for four years he engaged in carpentering with good suc- cess. He then decided to devote lii.s attention to some ujercantile pursuit and in 1873 established the furniture store of which he is still proprietor. He carries a first-class stock of goods and his es- tablishment has gained a wide reputation. His long experience in that line Las made him familiar with the wants and desires of the public and his affable and courteous manner and endeavor to please all have secured him a liberal patronage, of which he is well deserving. In connection with the furniture department he carries on an under- taking establishment. His success is due to his practicability, enterprise and perseverance, without which characteristics success is very uncertain. His fellow-citizens have shown their appreciation of his ability and the excellent manner in which he lias discharged his duties of citizenship by electing him to several official positions. He gives his sup- port and influence to the advancement of the Re- publican party, and takes a deep interest in political affairs, as well as in all the leading issues of the day. The cause of education finds in hirn a warm friend and he intends to provide his child- ren with the liest advantages in this direction that they may thereby be fitted for life's duties. The children born of his second marriage are five in number, four sons and a daughter, namely: Albert H., Royal W.. Emma F,, George H. and Frederick. As a representative citizen of the county and one of the leading business men of Princeton, Mr. Harmon is justly entitled to a rep- resentation in this volume and it therefore becomes the duty as well as the pleasure of the historian to present this sketch to the readers of the Album. \T^^ENJAMIN R. SAXTON, who is engaged j.^»> '" farming on section ■22, in the town of ^)Jli Berlin, is numbered among the early settlers ^i=^ of Greeu Lake County, dating his residence from 1853. He was born in New Hartford, Oneida Co., N. Y., .Ian. 17, 1810, and is descended from good old Revolutionary stock. His maternal grandfather, Ezekiel Pierce, aided his countiy in her struggle for independence and in recognition of his services his wife was awarded a pension until her death. She was a woman of great strength and it is said that she could pick up a barrel of cider with ease. They had a family of seven children, one of whom lived to be ninety-two years of age, another eighty-four, while two of the s-.^rviving ones have now attained their ninetieth year and another is eighty years of age. The father of our subject, James Saxton, was born in Connecticut, on the 30lh of May, 1780, and when a lad was bound out to a man as a farm band. One Sunda}' morning while hitching up the old gentleman's horse that he migiit drive to church, .James un- thoughtedly whistled a strain, which so incensed his employer's Presbyterian ideas that he gave the boy a gentle "limbing;" the boy in turn, was so an- gered at what he deemed an unmerited punishment that he ran awa}', going to Oneida County, N. Y., where he was reared to manhood and there became acquainted with Miss Saloma Pierce, who was born in Connecticut, Maj' 11, 1777, but had removed to the Empire State with her parents. Mr. Saxton learned the trade of a brick mason and in an early da}' removed to Cleveland, Ohio, where he built the first brick building in that city. Believing that he could there procure steady employment he re- turned for his family and they located in Pickaway 428 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. County, where be rleparted this life Aug. 13, 1848. His wife survived him until 1867, dj-ing on the 7th of February. In tiieir family were nine chil- dren, but only two are now living — Benjamin and Ray. The latter resides in Minnesota. The educational advantages of our subject were limited to those afforded by the primitive schools. He conned the rudiments of knowledge in a log school house but when eleven years of age laid aside his books, and began learning the bricklayer's trade, working for his father until attaining his majority-. He then began business for himself, carrying on operations in the same line until 1850. when he removed to the West. Ten years prior to that time, on the 5th of January, 1840. he wedded Sarah A. Mattison, who was born in Greenwich, N. J., Jul}- 7, 1817, and is a daughter of Joseph and Phoebe vSirapkins) Mattison, who were torn, reared, married and died in New York. H?r father was a weaver by trade and was one of the promi- nent citizens of the community in which he made his home. He took an active part in public affairs, served as Sheriff of the count}' and held other im- portant offices. He had nine children, three of whom are yet living. Mrs. Saxton was one of twin sisters and when three years old was taken to raise by a cousin who moved to Madison County, N. Y., where she re- mained until after her marriage. She is the second wife of Mr. Saxton, who had previously wedded Ruby Witter, by whom lie bad two cliildren who are now decc.ised. In 1850, Mr. Saxton and his family left their old home in the Empire State and removed to Pickaway County, Ohio, whence they came to Green Lake Count}- in 1853. He has here since made his home and is one of the leading fanners of the town of Berlin. He owns 160 acres of highly improved land and his home with its en- lire surroundings indicates thrift and enterprise. Whatever he undertakes he carries to a successful completion and has thus become one of the well-to- do farmers of the community. He now supports the Republican party, having joined its ranks on the dissolution of the Whig party. Mrs. Saxton. a most estimable lady, is a member of the Seventh Day Baptist Church. B} the marriage of this worthy couple seven children have been born: Lizzie S., who is now the wife of Morris B. Coon and has two children; Cornelia P., wife of Oscar D. Gilbert, by whom she h.as three children: Mary N. wedded John .Ser- gent and they have one child; Willard P. married Mary Childs and three children have been born unto them; Emma M. is the wife of T. A. Sergent, by whom she has two children; George B. married Retta Bedal and has two sons; Etta, the youngest, is the wife of L. D. Smith. (ieorge B. Saxton is one of the energetic and progressive young farmers of the county. He was born in the house which still shelters him on the 19lb of July, 1854, and w.as there reared to man- hood. Since attaining his majority, he has cast his ballot with the Republican, party and has twice served as Side Supervisor. As before stated, he was joined in wedlock with Miss Bedal, the union beins: celebrated Nov. 18, 1880. Their children are W. Roy and Lorenzo G. Like their grand- father, they display much musical talent. He is an expert with the fife which he has played since sixteen years of age. and for many years was leader of the Berlin jMartial Band. Roy. though only eight years old, plays nicely on the same instru- ment, and Lorenzo displays much ability in that direction. J^ILLIAM M. Bl'TLER, deceased, w.as born in 1812, but when a lad removed with his *J?^ parents to Indiana, the family locating in .Shelby County, where he was reared to manhood. In that county he .also became .acquainted with and married Miss Eunice Stone, they making it their home until the spring of 1846, when we find them en route to Green Lake County. On their arrival, Mr. Butler purchased 240 acres of land in the town of Mackford. constituting the farm on which his son Ira now resides. Under his able management antl liy his untiring labor, the wild (irairie was transformed into one of the best farms of the county and Mr. Butler was numbered among the leading citizens of the community. In the sijring of 1846, he purchased the first herd of cattle ever brought to the county and did much toward advancing the grade of stock raised. Wjth oxen, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 429 he hauled his grain to Milwaukee and his grist to mill at Watertown. He shnred in all the trials and hardships of pioneer life, but uncomplainingly bore all such difficulties until at length prosperity crowned Ids efforts and he becinie a well-to-do farmer. Mr. Butler was twice married and by his first union there were born in Indiana three children, one of whom is yet living, Ira, whose sketch ap- pears elsewhere in this volume. Only a few years had passed after the arrival of the family in Wis- consin, when the mother was called to her final rest. She was a faithful member of the Christian Church and was beloved by all who knew her, for her many excellent qualities of head and heart. The second union of Mr. Butler was with Miss Mary Soule. To them were born the following children : William, now of Kansas; Addie, wife of James Llewellyn of Oshkosh; CLiauncey, whose home is in Kansas; Ovid, who is living in the same State; Josepli, Benjamin F. and Charles, all of Green Lake County; Annie, wife of Uriah Johnson, and Lewis and Eleanor, both residents of Green Lake County. Mr. Butler was a firm supporter of the Republican party and a warm advocate of its princij)les. He held several local offices of trust, including that of .Justice of the Peace and Chairman of the Town Board. In all affairs pertaining to the upbuilding and advancement of the county he was liberal and did all in his power to promote the eilucational, social and religious interests of the community. He made friends wherever he went and had but few if any enemies. He was a member of the Chris- tian Church and died in the faith of that organiza- tion in Kansas, in tlie spring of I.S,S(l. His wife survived uniil the following fall, when she too passed away. — ^^^ — c^^IMOTHY BEDELL, deceased. Among the 'Wl^i- ["'ominent early settlers of Gi'een Lake ^^^ Countj', who labored with untiring zeal for the upbuildirg and advancement of the com- munity, none deserve more praise or credit than our subject. He was born in Grafton. N. H., Feb. I), 1812, and is the son of Timothy Bedell, a soldier of the War of 1812. His grandfather was Gen. Moody Bedell, who served his country dur- ing the struggle for independence and won his title. Timcthy Bedell married Sybil Lund. He was killed in the war and upon his wife then devolved the care of their two little children. At the age of nine years, our subject was thrown upon his own resources and from that time forward made his own way in the world. He was bound out to a wheelwright with whom he remained until fourteen years of age, receiving as a compensation for his services his board and clothing, the latter being made from the cast-off gaiinents of the older members of the family. After attaining his majority, Mr. Bedell in 1836, was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Barring- ton, a native of Canada, born Nov. 15, 1818. Her mother died when she was a babe of a year, after which she was taken to the home of her grand- mother with whom she remained until her mar- riage. The young couple began their domestic life in Grafton, N. II., where they remained until the spring of 1851, when ihey started for Green Lake County, Wis. On the 8th of May, they reached their destination, and located on a farm near the Union Church, where a small house had been built and thirty acres of land cleared. AVith characteristic energy he began the development of the home and made one of the best farms in the community-. He was truly a self-made man, his success being due entirely to his own efforts. He passed away May 17, 1885, a respected and honored citizen, and his loss was deeply mourned. In po- litical sentiment Mr. Bedell was a stanch supporter of the Democratic party, but was never a politician in the sense of office seeking. He had come to the county' when it was almost an unbroken wilder- ness but lived to see the great transformation and progress which placed it in its present advanced position. He was not only a witness but was one of the active participants in the development, growth and upbuilding which led to its present prosperitj- and he certainly deserves to be enrolled among its honored pioneers. Mrs. Bedell still survives her husband and is now 1 ving in Markesan, where she has many friends. They were tlie parents of three children, but only 430 PORTRAIT AND HIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. one is now living: Elizabeth J., the eldest, died at the age of twenty-six years; she was the wife of Natlianiel Dudley and had three children — Addie M., Edwin L. and Solon E. Evan R., who married Miss Minnie Wadleigh died at tlie age of thirty- two, leaving two children, Timothy II. and Eva, who sliare the loss of their mother; Esther A., the only living child, is now tiic wife of J. W. Flack of Milwaukee, and unto them have been born three children. Edwin R.. Bertie B. and Nellie N. HIBEL D. OWEN, one of the early sel- lers of Green Lake County, and one of its largest land owners, now resides on section 18, in the town of Brooklyn. He has wit- nessed the many great changes which have taken place in this community since the early days, has seen its wild and uncultivated prairies transformed into beautiful homes and farms and its little cabins replaced by commodious and elegant residences. Cities and villages have sprung u)), and progress has been canied forward at such a rale that we can hardly realize the unsettled condition of the ci;unt3- but a few years since. Our subject has borne his siiare in tlie work of upbuilding and ad- vnncement and lliu.s deserves a representation in this volume. The origin of tiie Owen family in America is not certainly known but it was established prior to the Revolutionary War. The grandfather of our subject removed from his old home to the " far west." as it was tlien considered, the place of his settlement being Orange County, N. Y. William Owen, father of Shubel, was there born and reared. He received what was tiien considered a liberal educa- tion, after whicii he worked at the trade of a tanner anil currier. In those early times, he belonged to a company of Ligiit Horse and to his death never forgot the training received, but was an excellent horseman up to the last. In his native county he became acquainted with and wedded Mrs. Jane ( Ware ) McConnt;!! wiio was a native thereof. About 1819 tliey movr.d to Luzerne County, Pa., where our subject was born unto them. Both of liis parents had been previously married ; by his former union Mr. Owen was the father of four children, and Mrs. Owen had two children by her first marriage. Their union was blessed with a family of four, all sons — Daniel, Jonathan. Shu- bel and Boyd. .Mr. Owen abandoned his old trade at the time of his removal to Luzerne County, Pa., and there followed farming. He died at the age of eighty-four years, and his wife departed this life when sixty-three years of age. They were both members of the Presbj terian Church, and in politics he was a Jackson Democrat. The early life of our subject was passed in the uneventful routine of farm labor. He has probably never attended school for six months throughout his entire life, but he has made the most of his op- portunities and deserves no little credit for his success. At the age of eighteen he procured a position as driver on the Susquehanna Canal and after the first trip was promoted to master of the same boat, remaining in charge for about seven j-ears. Believing he might better his financial condition bj' a removal to the West, in the month of June. 1847, he landed in Green Lake County, where he entered eighty acres of land, which he still owns. To that amount, however, he has since added until 360 broad acres p.ay tribute to his care and cultivation. His first iiome was a log shanty, which was utilized until a more comfortable cabin could be built. It was in turn replaced, in 1868. by his present commodious brick veneered dwell- ing, one of the nicest homes in tiie community. On the 2d of M.iy, 1847, while residing in the the Keystone State, Mr. Owen wedded Mary Brun- ges, who was born upon the farm adjoining his father's. Oct. 19, 1822. They lived together .as man and wife for more than thirty-four years, when they were separated by the hand of death, Mrs. Owen jiassing away Nov. 9. 1881. She was a member of the Baptist Church, and a lady bighlj- esteemed for her many excellent qualities. They were parents of six children, namely: Alonzo, who wedded Mary Boyle, but is now deceased; Charles, who married Anna Parker and h.as one child; Frances is the wife of Charles Parker, by whom she has five children; Mary J. is the wife of Alonzo Jackson and the nvjlher of two children; Emma is the wife of Wilbur Walker: and Ehner, who resides PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 431 at Osseo, Minn. He married Miss Stella Smith, and they have one child. He is the station agent of tiie St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Railroad (,'ompany. Mr. Owen is truly a self-made man and is now numbered among the substantial farmers of the county. He cast his first Presidential vote for Henry Clay, supporting the Whig party until the formation of the Republican party, witii which he has since affiliated. He feels an interest in political affairs but has never sought public office. He has ever faithfully discharged his duties of citizenship and during the late war sent a soldier to the Union Armv, paying him $600, though he was under no necessity of doing so as he was not drafted. ^^ OilL^ ON. SAMUEL W. MATHER, deceased. It \] is the intention of the historian to repre- sent in this volume by written record, all (^ who have been connected with the history of the couniy and are numbered among its hon- ored pioneers or prominent citizens. With this end in view, in justice to his many friends and relatives, we could not omit the sketch of Mr. Mather. Indeed, it gives us great pleasure to re- cord it, for the example furnished by such a life of uprightness may inspire others to an ambition to become like him. Our subject was born on the 25th of M.ay, 1819, in the town of Claremont, Sullivan Co., N. H. The name of Mather is familiar to ever3' student of history in our land. Our suliject was a descendant of Cotton Mather, and a grandson of Richard Mather, an English Non-Conformist minister, who removed to New England in 1636. The race is characterized by its great intellectuality, vigor and and courage, which traits were predominant in him of whom we write. Many noted physicians and surgeons were members of the family and in other professions the Mathers were men of note. In the common schools of his native State, Sam- uel Mather acquired his education, but on leaving the schoolroom ho did not lay aside his studies, but by reading and observation added to his store of knowledge year by year. He could converse well on almost any subject, and was well versed on all the current topics of the day. He grew to manhood in his native county, and after at- taining his majority was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Fannie Jones, on the 5th of February, 1850. Five years previous he had come to the Territory of Wisconsin and located land in what is now the town of Manchester, Green Lake County. For a few years he engaged in its cultivation, making preparations for a home, and then returned to the East for his bride, who for thirty-flve years shed sunshine around his path and was his counselor in matters which engaged his se- rious reflection. Five children graced their union, three sons and two daughters, who are left to mourn the loss of a beloved f.ather. Albert D., the eldest, is now a prominent farmer of Douglas County, S. D. ; Fannie and Edward J. are living with their mother in Brown County, S. D.; Alonzo R. is a prominent citizen and cashier of the bank in Gro- ton. Brown County; and Mary is the wife of Will- iam W. Green, of Waupun, Wis. Mr. Mather labored hard in the years that suc- ceeded his removal to this county, for it was no easy task to transform the raw land into a farm, the income from which would enable him to sup- port his family with any degree of comfort, so he labored diligently in their behalf until his efforts were rewarded with prosperity. As before stated, he first came to the county in 1845, bringing with him his father, mother and sister, who is now Mrs. Holbrook, that they might care for his home while he provided for their support and attended to his duties as a farmer. After his marriage, his wife proved a true helpmate to him, and by their joint efforts the}' acquired a competency, which enaliled them to live in comfort without worry for the morrow, knovring that they had laid aside enough to keep them through old age. Mr. Mather was a man of marked characteristics; he was scrupulously upright in his dealings with his fellow-men, and his inborn honesty would not permit him to wrong a neighbor out of a penn}'. Such great confidence was placed in his integrity^ that his word was as willingly received as his bond. Neither fear of pu.Tishment nor desire for popularity could make him for one instant waver in his allegiance to the 43: PORTHAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. cause of trutli. He did not practice such honest}' because it was "the best policy," but because it was right. He loved the whole human family, was ready to forgive and forget, nor was he ever known to speak ill of any one without great provocation. He portrayed in his life and character the distin- guished peculiarities of a consistent and dignified manhood. His kind antl genial nature diff\ised cheerfulness and sunshine wherever he went, and the grasp of his friendly hand encouraged and sustained many in their iiours of darkness and need. His generosity always prompted him to ac- knowledge and reciprocate any favor bestowed upon him. Wlien specially pleased, he would make it known by a peculiar expression wholly his own. No matter what the occasion, he would say : '-It fills the bill." The poor and needy found in him a true friend. He did not express his sympathy with them in wonl alone, but more substantial aid was given, and it is no wonder that the}' felt their loss to be irreparable wiicn he passed away. In political sentiment Mr. Mather was a strong advocate of Democracy, of the Jackson type, and although his county and district were strongly Re- publican, he was man}- times elected to positions of honor anil trust in both county and State. He held many local offices, and several times repre- sented his district in the General Assembly. When first acting as a member of that august body, he had been elected by the people of Marquette County, which then comprised Green Lake County, but during its term it was separated, and he had the honor of naming the new count}. In re- ligious matters he was a firm believer in immortal- ity and the future life of the soul; a Christian more than a sectarian, showing forth the blessing of a moral and temperate life both by precept and example, and by exercising a spirit of benevolence toward all. The prosperity which attended me- thodical liusiness habits and energy of purpose attended Mr. Mather and his family without inter- ruption after the first privations of pioneer life harl been overcome. By virtue of a strong mind and thorough training in early life, he became, and was early recognized, .as an accurate business man, and in complicated matters his advice and counsel were often sought. Vm- fi>ii\ veurs he resided in Green Lake County, and in whatever pertained to its im- I provement. advancement and upbuilding, he mani- fested great interest. He retained his mental faculties until the last, and on his death l)ed made : a disposition of his property, arranged for the fu- I neral and chose the minister whom he wished to take charge of the services. He was a great ad- j mirer of flowers and tri es, and loved to transform I the bare and naked prairies by planting orchards and gardens, and beautified the home with blos- soming plants. As he lay on his death bed, he looked from the window and saw the trees, re- splendent in their autumn dress, and said: "Oh, how beautiful.' It takes a life to grow them, but how soon they fade and die." Like the trees he so loved was Mr. Mather, his character growing lovelier every day. but the frosts of old age at length withered its beauty, day by day he grew weaker until at hist his spirit returned to Him who gave it. :iiid his body was consigTied to the cold grave. ;-ILLIAM HARE iias ma home upon lis farm on sections 10 and 1.5. Mackford Township, Green Lake County, since 1854, covering a period of almost forty-five years. He is of English birth, his parents being Christopher and Jane (Hayes) Hare, who were natives of Lincoln- siiire, Kugland. James, their eldest child, married a Miss(iall, and died in London, Englan ODGE P. BLACKSTONE, Clerk of the Circuit Court and Surveyor of '.Treen Lake County, is a resident of Berlin, Wis. The branch of the Blackstone family to which he belongs, traces its origin b.aek to a brother of Sir William Blackstone, the great legal commenta- tor. The first member of the family to come to the American colonies was an Episcopal minister, who is said to have been the first white person that ever set foot ui)on the site of the present city of Boston. From Massachusetts the family branched to differ- ent States, until its members are now widely scat- tered throughout the Union. Edward Blackstone. the grandfather of our subject, was a native of Connecticut, but in an earlj' day removed to New York, settling in Oneida County, where he was numbered among the first settlers. He afterward, however, returned to his native State, where he was married to Elizabeth Wood. He then took her to his new home in Oneida County, where thej' spent the remainder of their lives. Mr. Blackstone followed the occupation of farming, and upon the old homestead farm were born unto them nine chil- dren. Of the Dodge family comparatively little is known, save that the grandfather, Laban Dodge, was a New York farmer, and the father of a famil}' of eight children. Russell Blackstone was born in Oneida County, N. Y., in the year 1799, and there grew to manhood. 434 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. lie never scuglil or desired political preferment, but was an active, wide awake business man, who carried on varied lines of work, such as farming, milling, etc. For a companion in life he chose Miss Sarah Dodge, a native of Dutchess County, N. Y., born in 1801. When she was abput fifteen years old, her parents removed to Oneida Countj\ where she and Mr. Blackstone were married and ever made their home. To them were born nine children, four sons and five daughters, of whom eight are still living. Both parents have passed away, the father dying at the advanced age of sev- enty-eight yeirs, the mother at the age of seventy. Dodge V. Blackstone was the sixth child and the fourth son in that family of nine and his birth oc- curred in I'tica, N. Y., on the 3d of February, 1 833. lie received most liberal educational advantages and improved every opportunity. He desired to become a man of knowledge and knew that if he accomplished that end he must thoroughly master each branch of learning which he undertook. He received his elementary education in the common schools, after which he was a student in Sauquoit Academy and then fitted himself for college in the preparatory department of Uberlin (Ohio) Univer- sity. In 1878, he was graduated from Union College, Schenectady, N. Y., having taken a clas- sical course, giving special attention to mathemat- ics. After graduation, he w.as offered and .accepted the chair of mathcm.atics in Brownwood I'niver- sity of La (irange, Ga., where he remained a year, after which he was for an equal time emploj-ed as principal of the ^lale Academj- at Enon, Ala. Re- turning to New York, he then served for two years as jjrincipal of Sauquoit Academy, of which he had formerly been a student, and for eight years had charge of the West Winfield Seminary in Her- kimer County, N. Y. On the 25tli of August, 18t!:5. Mr. lihickstone was joined in wedlock with Miss Frank II. Howard, a native of Dutchess County, N. Y., born Jan. 1, 1832. Three children have come to make bright their home by their presence, namely: Howard R.. Libbie and Ilattie. In 1871, accompanied by his family, Mr. Bl.ick- stone emigrated to the West, locating in Berlin, Green Lake County, where he has since continued to reside. On his arrival, he purchased the Berlin Covri'er, a leading newspaper of the connty, of which he was editor for two years. For six years he held the position of Superintendent of the public schools, since which time he has been engaged in merchandising, civil engineering and as a dealer in real estate. He has taken quite an active part in city and county affairs and was chosen b3' the people of the community to serve as Assessor and Supervisor of Berlin, and for several terras has been elected to the position of County Surveyor, which he still occupies. In 1888. he was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court. He displays much ability in the discharge of his public duties, .acting with credit to himself and to the .satisfaction of his constituents. Few men are more widely known and none are held in higher regard. His ancestors on both sides were supiwrters of the Whig party, and Mr. Bl.ackstone labors for the interests of the Republican part}'. He has identified himself with but one secret organ- ization, the Masonic fraternity, being a Ro^-al Arch Mason. He is a member of the Academ}' of Science, Arts and Letters of the State of Wiscon- sin, and takes great interest in scientific researches, especially' in the line of mathematical astrcnomy. Public spirited and progressive, he is a man of more than ordinary- abilitj' and is a valued citizen. EU(iENE F. YAIIR, the popular and efli- ciant Cashier of the Banking House of F. T. Yahr of Princeton, Wis., was born in the city where he still makes his home, Sept. 8, 1863, and has there passed Ids entire life. His parents. Ferdinand and Amelia C. (Schaal) Yahr, were both of German birth and their history is given on another Jpage of this volume. Our subject passed his early life raid play and work in much the usual manner of lads, and in the common schools of his native town began his school life. He there pur- sued his studies until twelve years of age, when he entered the German-English Academy of Milwau- kee, but completed his education in the Spencerian Business College of the same city. He w.as now fitted for almost any business career, and on bis PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 437 return bome he entered his father's hardware store, where for some time he discharged the duties of salesman. In the month of April, 1882, how- ever, he entered the bank with which he has since been connected. Becoming familiar with the busi- ness and in the manner in which affairs were con- ducted, on attaining his majority he was appointed to the position of Cashier, the duties of which he has since faithfully discharged. He is ayoung man of no ordinary abilicy. His talents as a financier are of a high order, and hisconrse has been marked with the utmost integrity and upriglitness. Ever faithful to the trust reposed in him, he has won many friends and is very papular in the social circles of Princeton. Since arriving at mature age he has cast his ballot with the Democratic party, and takes an active interest in the welfare of that organization. Frequently he lias attended the countj' and State conventions as a delegate, and in those assemblies was recognized as a leading member. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and also to tiie Turners' Society of Princeton, and is a young man of public spirit and progressive ideas who is ever ready to forward the best inter- ests of the city, county and Slate. -t-i- ^ HARLES E. RUSSELL, a practical and 'l( enterprising farmer of the town of Green ^?^^ Lake, Green Lake County, who now resides on section 32, is a native of Connecticut. He was born in Litchfield County, Oct. 25, 1808, and is a son of John and Charity (Everetts) Russell. His father was a native of New Bedford, N. Y., and in tlie early days of his manhood he entered the army and served throughout the entire Revolutionary ^War. For some time he acted in the capacity of hostler to Gen. Washington and afterwards entered the ranks and rose to sergeant. Toward the close of his life, he drew a pension in recognition of his services. When tlie war was over, he went to Litchfield County, Conn., where he became ac- quainted with and married Miss Everetts, a native of that county. He was a prominent and re- spected citizen and served as a selectman of his town in connection with other local offices. He followed the occupation of farming throughout his entire life and was an excellent business man. In political sentiment,he was a supporter of the Demo- cracy. Neither Mr. Russell or his wife ever united with any church, though they were of the Episco- pal faith. Both died in Litchfield, Conn., where their remains now rest in peace, the death of the husband occuring at the .idvanccd age of eighty- three years, the wife dying when sixty years of age. Our subject is the only living representative of a family of eleven children, six sons and five daughters, and thus to his lot it falls to perpetuate the Russell history. He was reared to manhood on the old homestead and received a good common- school education, attending the district school and the Quaker schools, where he paid $23 per quarter for board and tuition. The boys and girls were kept in separate enclosures, surrounded by board fences twelve feet high. Mr. Russell says it was an excellent place for bad boj's. After leaving school he locked about for some profession or occupation at which he might earn a liveliliood, and chose mercantile pursuits. He obtaimd a po- sition as salesman in a store, but after a time aban- doned it and devoted his time to farming. On the 2d of May, 1828, Mr. Russell married Catherine C. Deming, a native of Columbia County, N. Y., born April 17, 1809, who with her parents removed to Litchfield County, Conn., when a little child. Four children have been born of this union : John wedded Mary Warren and has two chil- dren; Everett C. married Susan Nelson and has three children; Catherine H. M., widow of Dr. C. E. Evans has one child; and Mary, the youngest, is tlie widow of George Russell. In 1844, Mr. Russell, of whom we write, came to Wisconsin with a view of selecting a location, and in his travels found no section which so well suited him as that of Green Lake County. Here he entered a tract of land of 240 acres, situated on section 25 in the town of Green Lake, it extend- ing, however, across the boundary line into Fond du Lac County. There were then so few settlers in the community that he resolved to wait for a sh(n-t time before bringing his family to the West, and in the interval made further preparations for a home. One of his neighbors in the East had also 438 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. come to Green Lake Township and of him Mr. Russell bought tlie tract of land on which he now lives. The month of June. 1847, witnessed tlie arrival of the family and from thiit time forward the3- have since made their home. Great success has attended the efforts of our subject and lie is now tiie owner of 493 acres of arable land, highi}' improved and cultivated. It is considered one of the best farms in t!ie town and its broad and well tille<1 fields yield a golden tribute to the care which the owner bestows upon lliem. His prosperity is due almost entirely to his own efforts, being the result of industry, good business ability and fair and honest dealing. Politically, Mr. Russell is a Democrat, having supported that party since at- taining his majority. He cist his first Presiilential vote for Jackson and has served as Side-Supervisor of his town for three terms. He is one of the oldest settlers now living in this section of the countj-, and is numbered among its most highly esteemed citizens. His upright life through all these years has won him many warm friends who will be glad to see him represented in the permanent history of his adopted county. See portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Russell on anf>thcr page. \IL^ OLLIS STKADMAN. one of llie loyal de- iTjli fenders of our country during the late war, %^ is engaged in the oil and produce business (i^ as a partner of Robert Boyle. He is a son of Harvey and Mary L. (Warren) Stcadman, and was born in Niagara Count}-, N. Y., March 30, 1843. He has resided in Green Lake County since six years of age, and in the schools of Berlin acquired his education. He began life for himself at the age of eighteen years, and the first work which he did was in the harvest field, where he received ji2 per day for his services. Ho watched with interest the progress of events in the Soutli during the years preceding the war and when Lincoln issued his call for troops for three years he at once responded, enlisting .as a member of Company I, Uth Wisconsin Infantry in t)ctober, 1M61. His service called him to Missouri. Ark.ui- sas, Mississippi and Louisiana, and the principal battles in which he engaged were Buj-ou Cache, Ft. Gibson. Raymond, Jackson, Champion Hills, Black River Bridge and Vicksburg. where he was wounded, M.ay 22, 1863. a ball passing through his right foot. The following year he was mustered out of the volnnteer service and appointed Hospi- tal Steward in the regular army, in which capacity he served fifteen months. He then received the appointment of Commissary of .'^ubsistence of volunteers, discharging the duties of that position until mustered out as Brevet-.Major, July 1, 1866. His services continued for four years and nine months, during which time he was never off dut}' except when in the hospital after being wounded. When mustered out, Mr. Steadman took chaige of a cotton plantation near Helena, Ark., which lie operated for a year. He then returned to the North and in Portage Countj-, Wis., had charge of a sawmill for a year and spent the same length of time in operating a mill in Waupaca County. He rcturnerus Trimbell. son of the gentleman whose name heads this sketch, was born in Livingston County, N. Y.. April 12. 1832. and remained with his parents until he attained his ma- jority. .Since 1847, he has made his home in Green Lake County, and is accounted one of its I leading citizens. He acquired a common-school education, and assisted his father in the cultivation i of the home farm, until his marriage. He has en- I gaged in agricultural pursuits throughout his entire life. He made his first purchase of land in the I town of Marquette, Green Lake County, but sub- I sequently sold that, and in 1 860. bought 1 20 acres on sections 35 and 26, in the town of Kings- ton, where he now resides. He still continues its cultivation, and is one of the successful f.irmers of I the community. His comfortable home with its pleasant surroundings, is an indication of thrift and enterprise. He has ever manifested an interest in public affairs, but has never sought or desired offi- cial honors. He formerly cast his ballot with the Democratic party, but is now liberal in his views, I supporting the best candidate placed before the people. Mr. Trimbell has been twice married. On the 29th of March, 1853, he was joined in wedlock with Miss Eleanor Carson, and unto them were born two children: Frances Eleanor, who was born .Jan. ^ 1, 1856, and is now the wife of Joseph Dunson, of Puget Sound, Port Townsend. W.ash.; and Edgar I E., also of Puget Sound. The death of the another PORTRAIT AND HIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 447 occurred Nov. 17, 1857, ami on the 13th of Feb- ruary, 1861, Mr. Trimbell led to tlie marriage altar Miss Cornelia Beers, a native of the Empire State, and a daughter of George W. and Maria Beers. Tlieir family consists of the following cliiUlren: Derwood. who was born Oct. 19, 1861, and is liv- ing in Green Lalie County; George, born Dec. 12, 1862, is a resident of Raymond, Clark County, S. D., and the husband of Jennie Saunders; Bertha C, born July 25, 1869, is a teacher of music; Luella, born Oct. 26, 1874; Ernest, born Jan. 1, 1875; and Byron, born Jan. 21, 1880. During his long residence in this count}-, Mr. Trimbell has made many warm friends, by whom lie is held in higii I'etrard. SAAC II. COM.srOCK. deceased, was promi- nently identified with the early historj' of Green Lake Co., and bore no inconsiderable part in its upbuilding and development. He was a native of Monroe County, N. Y., born near Rochester, on the I'Jth day of November, 1818. His parents were Joseph and Sally (Hathaway) Corastock, both of whom were natives of the Bay .State, the former born in March. 1780, the latter on the 7th of Au- gust, 1781. When a lad he accompanied his parents to Michigan, in which State he received a liberal education. Financially he was a self-made man. He had no capital with which to begin life, and strug- gled on against poverty until finally he acquired a comfortable competence. In 1847, in Shebo3'gan, Wis., Mr. Comstock was united in marriage with Miss Susan Rankin, and unto them were born throe children. Henry S., the first born, studied law under the direction of Fish & Thompson of Princeton, and after being admitted to the bar became a member of the firm. He was twice elected County Clerk of Green Lake County, and for two terms was Prosecuting Attor- ney. He was a young man full of life and energy, and possessing much natural ability, won a promi- nent place in the ranks of his professional brethren. He died at Princeton Dec. 2, 1882. Mary, who was one of the most successful teachers of the county, having taught for nineteen terms, died in 1880. William R.. the youngest, holds a position as clerk in the Pension Office at Washington, D. C. The death of Mr. Comstock occurred on the 27th of December, 1860. He was a man of marked individuality, upright and honorable in all his dealings, and won the high regard of all. His wife still survives him and is living in Kingston. ARLES W. PERRY, deceased, was for any years a leading merchant of Marke- san, and one of the prominent citizens of Green Lake County. He was born in Charleston, N. H.,Oct. 14, 1814, and died in California in May, 1885. His parents, Samuel and Phoebe (Wescutt) Perry, had a fine family of children, as follows: Charles W., Roswell, Samuel, Jane (widow of Charles Howard, of Tomales. Cal.), George and Henry. Both Mr. and Mrs. Perry were members of the Methodist Church, and in the community where they resided they were widely and favora- bly known. They came to Green Lake County in 1852, where both passed to their final rest. Our subject was fitted for the duties of life by a liberal education acquired in his native State, and that advantage, combined with natural business ability, perseverance and energy, made his career a successful one. He first embarked in business in Bloom field, N. Y., where he engaged in general merchandising. Aside from the fact that it wit- nessed his first venture into commercial circles, it was also connected with his life from the fact that he there became acquainted with and married Miss Harriet Chamberlain, a most estimable and accom- plished lady, who proved herself a true helpmate to him. Her parents, M. and Clarissa (Puffer) Chamberlain, were married in Albany, N. Y., but shortly afterward removed to Livingston Count}-, where five children, two sons and three daughters, blessed their union. Alvin, the oldest, a man of marked ability and fine oratorical powers, was hon- ored by his district with an election to the General Assembly of New York; in 1887 he removed to Los Angeles, Cal., where he died two years later. Elsie lieeame the wife of Hazzard Webster, and died in California in 1877; Clarissa married Jacob 448 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Kelsey, wLo died in 1877, and now makes lier home in Los Angeles, Cal.; Harriet is the widow of our subject; and Lauren, who completes the family, is deceased. The father died in Livingston County, after which the mother came to Green Lake County, where her death occurred. Mr. and Mrs. Perrj- began their domestic life in her native county, he continuing in the mercantile business until 1854, when he emigrated to the West and located in Slarkesan. Immediately after his arrival he again engaged in that line of business, which he followed until 1865, when he removed to Dodge County, Minn., where he did business as a general merchant for a year and a half. At the expiration of that time he returned to this county, and. laying aside all commercial pursuits, turned his attention to farming. He purciiased hand in the town of Green Lake, the farm now owned by Mr. Fridaj', and for a number of ^-ears devoted his energies to its cultivation, but in 1879 he went to California, where his death occurred as above sttited, in May, 1885. He wsis a man of strict in- tegrity and great uprigiitness of character, and on .account of his sterling worth, affable manners and gentlemanly de|)0rtment, made friends wherever he went. His loss was deeply mourned by all who knew him, especially in Green Lake C^ount}', where he had endeared himself to many. Mrs. Perry is still living in Markesan and three children share in her deep loss. Frank W., the only son, is now in Spink County, .S. I).; Hattie is the wife of Prof. Eugene Little, of Pomona, Cal., who graduated from the State University of Wis- consin, and now holds the position of Assistant Su- perintendent of schools of Los Angeles, Cal.; and Clara is the wife of Kzra Frank Kyser, one of the prominent business men of Pomona, Cal. x^\> L. KRF.XTZ has been engaged in business I ^li '" ^VestBeld for a number of years, and his ^^Jl' name is insei)arably connected with the mercantile interests of Marquette Countj-. The family is of German origin. His father, (Gottfried Kr. ntz. was born in Germany. April 7, 1811, and Willi his family, emigrated to America in the year 1 857. Landing in New York, he at once continued his journey until reaching Marquette Count}', where he secured a farm situated in the town of Newton. The land was comparative!}' new; few improvements had been made thereon, and the work of cultivation had scarcely commencefl, but during the thirty-two 3-ears in which Mr. Krentz resided there, great changes took pl.ace, and at the time of his death, which occurred on the 22nd of September, 1889, he was the owner of one of the most valuable farms in Marquette Count}'. It com- prised 300 acres, and the entire amount was brought to a high state of civilization. Its owner was one of the best known citizens of his town, and from the beginning he had the reputation for uprigiitness and fair dealing, which won him the confidence and high regard of all. In disposition he w.as retiring, and much preferred the quiet of home life to the turmoil of politics. He never sought or caied for public ottice, but was a willing and liberal supporter of all worthy enterprises. Both he and his wife were faithful members of the Lutheran Church. Their family numbered sis chihlren, but three died prior to their emigration to America — two sons, aged nine and eleven years, and the only daughter of the family, who died at the age of seven years. Three Lotis survive their father — Frederick, who is now living in the town of Newton; August, who is liv- ing on llie old homestead; and C. L. Our subject is the youngest of the family. He was born March 14, 1843, and was about fourteen years of age, when, with his parents, he crossed the broad Atlantic and became a resident of Wisconsin. He remained on the old home farm, assisting his father in its cultivation until he h.ad attained to mature years, when he engaged in various occupa- tions for some time, being enqiloyed for several seasons in the pineries of Wisconsin. His healtli failing him, he was finally forced to abandon such labors and embarked in the mercantile business in Westfield, where he has since carried on operations in the same line. He first erected a small building on Second Street, and began business on a limited scale. The village was then quite small, and had attained to little importance as a trading post, but the building of llie railroad gave a decided impetus to its growth, and greatly increased its business fa- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 449 cilities. so it was not long before Mr. Krentz had to seek larger quarters. In 1877, he erected a frame structure on the site of his present store, but about a year and a half later it was destroyed by fire. With characteristic energy, however, lie be- gan the erection of his present fine brick store building, which is 26 x 90 feet, and as soon as it was completed, stocked it with a full line of dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, and almost every- tiiing in the mercantile line with the exception of hardware. At times he has carried a stock valued at «20,000, but on an average it is much less, though at all times hi.s stock is much larger than that car- ried by any other mercantile house in Marquette C!ounty. Enterprising and progressive, he is num- bered among the leading business men of the com- munity, and by honesty, fair dealing and courteous treatment, has built up a large and lucrative trade, j which is constantly increasing. As a result of his success, he is the owner of a fine lirick residence ! erected in 1882, prol>ably the finest in Marquette County. In 1866, Mr. Krentz was united in marriage with ', Miss Matilda Klampe, daughter of Frederick K'ampe. who died in Germany, but with her mother, who is now living with Mr. Krentz, his vvife c.ime to America in 18r)7. Of their eleven children, three sons and four daughters are living, namely: Jennie, Lydia, Lizetta, Elsie May, Carl, Irving Grover and Homer. The deceased — Edward A., ■ Maria M., Charlotta R., Minnie M. This family are held in the highest regard by all who know tliem. and hold an enviable position in the social world. ■*aii^-^^>' |li_^ ENRY MORMAN, Justice of the Peace of i|f)li Berlin, Green Lake County, is of German l^^' birth. He first opened his eyes to the light (^ of day in Hanover, Nov. 13, 1839. His mother died when he was an infant, and 'n\ 1841 he was brought by his father, Frederick H. Morman, to America. Mr. Morman, Sr., settled in Milwau- kee County, Wis., where he resided until about 1845, when he removed to Cedarburg, Ozaukee County. Our subject was educated in the [Hiblic schools of the community in which his early life was passed, and when fifteen years of age he entered upon his business career as a merchant's clerk in a store in Cedarburg, in which position he contin- ued until 1858. He there became familiar with the methods .ind customs of conducting business, and probably laid the foundation for his future success. He was nineteen years of age at the time of leaving his first employer. Becoming ambitious to see the world, he set out for California, going by way of the Isthmus of Panama. On reaching his destination he engaged in gold mining near Fol- som and at Placerville, continuing in that line for three 3'ears, when he went to .San Francisco, where he spent two years as a merchant's clerk. In the spring of 1864 we find him prospecting in Idaho. In the course of his travels became to the Mis- souri River, and from Ft. Benton proceeded down that stream and the Mississippi to New Orleans by steamboat, while the Civil War was in full prog- ress. Not being especially attracted by the Cres- cent City, he retraced his course as far as Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas, where Le offered his services to the Government, enlisting as a member of Com- pany G, 2d United States Dragoons, in February, 1865. He was with his regiment on duty at Ft. Laramie and on the frontier, guarding stage lines and railway engineers from Indian attacks. He was promoted to Quartermaster .Sergeant, and after serving three years was mustered out at Ft. Mc- Pherson. Neb. He then returned to his old home in Cedarburg, Wis., but after a short time spent in that quiet town, again sought relief and excite- ment in travel. He returned to California, but in the Golden State did not find any occupation which he wished to follow, and he again returned home after a sojourn of a few months on the Pacific Slope. On Oct. 4. 1869, Mr. Morman was joined in wed- lock with Miss Matilda Kahndis, of Cedarburg. the union being celebrated in Milwaukee. The lady was born in the town of Liebau, Russia, on the Baltic, and came to America in 1852. One child Eda, graces their union, who was born in Berlin, Sept. 29, 1870. Immediately after his marriage Mr. Morman set- tled in Berlin, and engaged in the liquor business, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. which he carried on until elected to the office he now holds, in April. 1889. On the 2d of that month he became Justice of the Peace, and on the 20th he was appointed Notary Public. Politically, he is a Democrat, and socially a member of Ber- lin Lodge, Xo. 56. I. O. O. F.. and of John II. Williams Post, No. 4. G. A. R. He has proved him- self .-in efficient officer and enjoys the respect of his fellow-citizens. His life has been an eventful one in a private way, and the adventures with which he has met, and the hardships endured in his Western experience would, if well written, niuke an inter- esting storv. ON. GKORGK FITCH, the present Senator Ij for the 9lh Wisconsin Senatorial District, and the junior member of the firm of S.acket Glens Falls, Warren Co., N. Y., on Nov. 3, 1846. and is the son of Edward and Sarah (Roberts) Fitch. His f.ither was born in Norwalk, Fairfield Co., Conn., and was of English Puritan descent. The Fitch family is one of the old historic families of America, and boasts among its members and connections many men and women whose names bear honorable mention in the annals of their re- spective Slates. The name is of German origin, and the family history shows that Bocking, a vil- lage of Baintree, Er-sex Co., England, which is sit- uated about forty miles northeast of London, and which was originally peopled by Flemish emigrants, was the home of Thomas Fitch, the progenitor of the American family. He had, if tradition is cor- rect, five sons, three of whom are supposed to have died in their native land, while two, Thomas and Joseph, accompanied their mother to America after her husband's decease. Thomas and Joseph F"itch settled in Norwalk, Conn., about the year 1635. The former remained in that city, but Joseph removed to Norwich. Thomas Fitch was one of the forefathers of Nor- walk and lived to extreme ohl age. His eldest son, Thomas, died in 1690. Thomas Fitch, the third of that name, son of Thomas Fitch, Jr., as he was designated in Ihe old town records, but Capt. Thomas Fitch, as the court at the capital de- nominated him. was born in 1671. He was the King's Commissioner in Norwalk from 1691 to 1694. and the honored father, in 1699, of a son whose destin}' it was to draft a new constitution for Yale College, and to frame laws which his Sov- ereign pronounced superior and to attain to the highest office in the colony. He had four chil- dren — Samuel, the Crown's Justice; Thomas, who became Governor of the Colony of Connecticut; James. Deputy to the General Assembly; and Elizabeth. Gov. Thomas Fitch was married in 1724 to Han- nah Hall, and ten children were born to them — Col. Thomas Fitch. Jr.; Jonathan. Ebenezer. Han- nah. Mary. Timothy. Hezekiah. Elizabeth. Esther and Giles. Col. Thomas Fitch w.as born in 1725. and w.as an important personage in the Colony. He wjis Lord George's Justice from 1761 to 1772, and in May. 1768, was m.ade Lieutentant-Colonel of the 9th Regiment, and later was the senior Col- onel, commanding sixteen Colonial regiments. Gov. Fitch was twenty j^ears Chief Justice of the Connecticut Colony, and author of the best code of laws published in his day. Samuel M. Fitch, the maternal gr.and father of George Fitch, whose name he.ads this sketch, mar- ried Esther Fitch, daughter of Timothy .and grand- d.aughter of Gov. Fitch, she being the second cousin of her husband. Their children were Betsy, who became Mrs. David Roberts; Edward, of Glens Falls. N. Y., and .Samuel ilarviu. of Nor- walk. Samuel M. Fitch, Sr., died at the age of eightj'-seven j-ears and his wife when seventy-four j-ears of age. Their son, Edward, was born in Norwalk, Conn., and married Sarah Roberts of the same State. .She was born of Welsh parentage, and was reared under the auspices of the .Societ}' of Friends or (Juakers. She was a woman of su- perior intellectual attainments, and possessed great energy and ambition, and her influence in her fam- ily for their good was felt and appreciated by husband and children, whose confidence and love she enjo3'cd to the daj' of her death. Edward Fitch removed in early life to Glens Falls. N. Y.. where he w.is engaged in the lumber trade. i The Filch family is one of the oldest and largest PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 451 in the United States, and numbers among its mem- bers citizens of bigli repute, among whom svc may mention the lion. Graham M. Fitch, M. D., of In- diana; Congressman Thomas Fitch, of Nevada; Lieut. Gen. Jaliez, and Judge John Fitch, of Ohio; Lieut. Col. Fitch, of California; President Fitch, of Williams College; Judge Filz-Gaines, and Drs. S. S. and Alnieron Fitch, of New York; Col. Asa Fitch, of Connecticut; Major William Fitch, of New Haven, Conn., the Fitches of Fitch ville; and the Norwich and WiUimantic Fitches. In Colo- nial days they were classed among the most promi- nent families in New Kngland. Major James Filch contributed the nails and glass for the original Yale College; John Fitch was the in- ventor of the first steamboat, but Gov. Thomas Fitch was the most distinguished member of the family. George Fitch the subject of this sketch, received a common-school education, and when eighteen years of age went to New York Cit}', where he was engaged in the fruit business. In 1871 he came to Berlin, Wis., and engaged in the lumber luisiness with De Witt Palmeter, continuing in that line un- til September, 1876, when he sold out and formed the existing partnership with George B. Sacket in the banking bi^siness. (A history of the bank ap- pears elsewhere.) He also became interested in cranberry culture on a large scale in partnership with De Witt Palmeter and Fruik Stanley. They have 2,500 acres devoted to that use. partly in Winnebago and parti)- in Waushara counties. The company has invested more than 1100,000 in im- provements on tLeir marsh, and have 400 acres of bearing vines. They have gathered as high as six thousand barrels of fruit of one crop, which was not more than two-thirds of the berries grown that season, one third being lost. While the crop has never been an entire failure, there are seasons when the insects and early frosts greatly reduce the yield. With long experience Mr. Fitch thinks it is now certain that with their superior advantages for flooding the vines, that they can be very sure of a pa3'ing crop every season. He is interested in buy- ing and selling pine lands, of which he and his partner handle large tracts. Mr. Fitch was married in Oshkosh, Wis., Feb. 1."), 1 882, the lady of his choice being Miss Helen P. Porter, daughter of Hon. Joseph Porter, an early settler and extensive lumber manufacturer of Wisconsin. The Porter family, of which Mrs. Fitch is a descendant, is one of the oldest and most distinguished in the country. Her ancestors joined the Massachusetts Colony in 1628, and were of the English Puritans. The name of Porter has always been conspicuous in the civil and military annals of America since that earl^- day. Mr. and Mrs. Fitch have one child living, a son, Joseph Porter, aged five years. Two daughters died in infancy. Mrs. Fitch was born in Oshkosh, and reared in the faith of the Episcopal Church, of which she is now a member. Mr. Fitch is a Republican in politics, and has taken an active interest in the success of that party. He was elected Ma3^or of Berlin in 1885, serving one term, and in 1886, w,as elected State Senator to represent the 9tli District, which comprises the counties of Green Lake, Portage, Waushara, and all of Marathon situated west of the Wisconsin River, except tlie part of the city of Wausaw that lies on the western bank. He wjis ap|)ointed and served as Chairman of the Committee on Railroads, one of the most important committees of the Sen- ate, and won the approv.al of his constituents by the able manner in which he defended the rights of the people against the unjust demands of powerful corporations. Mr. Fitch enjoys an extensive ac- quaintance throughout the State, and is highly re- spected and esteemed for his ability, integrity and social qualities. He has been successful in his bus- iness enterprises, and is of well-known personal re- sponsibility as are his partners. The banking house of Sacket & Fitch is held to be one of the solid financial institutions of the Fox River valley. THOMAS D. ROBERTS, deceased, is insup- erably identified with the history of Green Lake County, having been prominently connected with iis growth and progress from the days of its early infancy. He was born in Hamp- shire County, England, Oct. 25, 1789, and was educated in the common schools. When seventeen 452 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. years of age lie started out in life for himself as a sailor, and followed the ocean for a number of years. Subsequently, he went to Siianish River. Xova Scotia, where the most important event of his life occurred. He became acquainted with Miss Sophia (iould. and on the 2d of November. 1820, they were united in the holy bands of matri- mony. Shortly afterward they removed to Haver- hill, N. II., where a family of ten children was born unto them : Stephen L., the eldest, born Sept. 7, 1821, is now a resident of Claremont. N. H.: George D.. born June 14. 1823, died in Fox Lake. Wis., in 1887; Charlotte, born June 7, 1825, is the wife of Hillard Ruwe, of Claremont, N. H.; VVill- iiim G., born Aug. 27, 1827, when last heard of was running on a steamer on the ^lississippi River, but is now supposed to be de.id; Sarah D., born July 14, 1829, is the wife of Nathan Brj-ant. of Dodge County, Wis.; Eliza, born June 7, 1831, died in infancy: Thomas D., born Aug. 4, 1833, and Harriet L., born Nov. 6, 1838, also died in infancy; Diana, born May 11, 1840, is the wife of Hiram Pratt, a resident farmer of the town of Mackford; Thomas S., born M.iy 4, 1842, is also a farmer of Mackford township. When .Mr. Roberts arrived in Green Lake Coun- ty-, in 1844, the country was almost an uninhabited wilderness. Indeed, in all directions there were but few settlers; the now flourishing city of Milwaukee contained but one building, a hotel, the old Plank- ington House. Mr. Roberts there left his family and started out on foot to seek a location. At last he chose Dodge County as the scene of his future labors, making a claim on Lake Emily, but shortly afterward he came to Green Lake County, settling on section 32 in the town of Mackford. where he continued to make his home until his death. The nearest market in those early days was at Milwau- kee. He would haul his wheat to that place with a team of oxen, fourteen days being required to make the trip, and after selling for the low price which it brought would frequently not have money enough to pay the expenses of the journey. The first six months the family lived almost entirely on bread and water. The first grist Mr. Robert.* took to mill he carried upon his back to Beaver Dam, a distance of eighteen miles. On the way he had to ford streams, the water being waist deep. These are but a few of the hardships which were endured by the early settlers, and they certainly deserve great credit for the part which they bore in placing the. county in ifs present advanced position. They laid the foundation for its pros- perity and development, and to them is due a debt of gratitude which can never be repaid. Among those who bore the heavy burdens Mr. Roberts deserves especial mention. He had chosen this count}- for his home, and he took great pride in its upbuilding and advancement. He lived to see its wild prairie lands transformed into beautiful homes and farms, the rude log cabins and Indian wigwams replaced by substantial and elegant residences, villages have grown into cities, many important business industries have been introduced and school houses and churches built, until all the citizens maj' be proud of the rank which their county occupies. In early life Mr. Roberts was a Whig, but later supported the Republican part}', and was honored with several local offices of trust. He was reared an Episcopalian, and adhered to that faith through life, but Mrs. Roberts was a life-long member of the Methodist Church. His death occurred Sept. 23, 1886, at the very advanced age of ninety- seven years, and his wife died Jan. 16, 1876, when seventy -six years of age. WILLIA.M H. BORST. who is eng.aged in general farming in Burr Oak A'alley on section 20 in the town of Leon. Waushara County, was born in McHenry County, III., near the town of Harvard. Sept. 13, 1855, and is of Ger- man descent. He was the fourth in a famil}' of eight children, consisting of three sons and five daughters. His father, Daniel Borst, a native of Schoharie County. N. Y., born Dec. 6, 1823, is numbered among the early settlers of Wisconsin of 1854. He first located in Walworth County, but after following farming in that communit}' for a year removed with his family to McHenry County, HI., where for six years he engaged in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 455 the same puisuit. His next home was on section 30 in the townof Leon, Waushara County, where he purchased eighty acres of wihl l:uii) tlial he placed in a condition for agricultural purposes, when lie sold and removed to tiie farm on wiiich our sub- ject now resides. He first purchased forty acres but in 1864 added eighty acres to that amount. In the spring of the same year, he responded to his country's call for troops, enrolling his name with the boys in blue in Company I, 7th Wisconsin In- fantry, commanded by Capt. E. E. Terrill. He participated in'the seven days battle of the Wil- derness and the siege before Petersburg. Remain- ing with the regiment until the close of the war, he was then honorably discharged. Mr. Burst married Miss Lovina Bice, a native of Schohr.rie County, N. Y., and a daughter of Joshua Bice, who was born and lived in the same State. Both Mr. Borst and his wife are members of the United Brethren Church and he belongs to the G.A. R. The subject of this sketch received his education in the common schools of the town of Leon and remained under the parental roof until twenty-two years of age, when he started out in life for him- self. Entering the employ of his brother-in-law, T. S. Chipman. he worked as a farm hand by the month for a brief period when having accumulated some capital he purchased eighty acres of land on section 18 in the town of Leon, where he resided for six years. Selling out ho then bought 141 acres where he now resides. He is engaged in general farming and is accounted one of the lead- ing young farmers and representative citizens of Waushara County. Neatness and regularity every- where abound, and his home, with its entire sur- roundings, indicates the thrift and enterprise of the owner. In politics Mr. Borst has supported the Republican party since attaining his majority. An ardent advocate of the cause of temperance, he is the present Chief Templar of Pine River Lodge. No. 291, I. O. G. T., to which his wife also belongs. On the 14th of December, 1877, Mr. Borst led to the marriage altar Miss Maggie Pollock, an estimable lady of Ford County. III., born Aug. 18, 1861, of Scotch parentage. Their union has been blessed with the birth of one daughter, Gertie E., who was bin'n Dec. 27, 1878. Mrs. Borst became a meuilier (if the MethoiHst Episcojial Church in her childh the development of his land with the hope of adding to his possessions in the course of time and as his financial resources have increased he has made other purchases until he now owns 170 acres of valuable land under a high state of cultivation. His possessions have been acquired bj' his own efforts and he may trulj' be called a self-made man. His transactions have been marked with the strictest honesty and fidelity, and by his upright life he has gained the confi- dence and good will of those witli whom he has come in contact. The political friends of Mr. Thomas have recog- nized his worth and ability and in 1875 he repre- sented them in the Legislature of the .State. He hiis also held various minor offices and when called to serve in public capacities his career has been characterized with the same fidelity to duty that PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 459 has marked his business life. He displa^'ed his loyalt}' to the Government (luring the late war by aiding his country as a member of Ihe 1st Wiscon- sin Heavy Artillery and with his foniiiiand did garrison duty near Alexandria, Xa. He was oue of the instigators and prime movers of the Aurora P'ire Insurance Company, an organization formed for the protection of farmers, of which he lias been an officer continuously since it was established in 1875. The company was organized with a capital of $30,000, but has now a stock of $1,000,000. Mr. Thomas is tlie present elticient president; A. 8. Rogers, the secretar}'. and G. W. Johnson, treas- urer. The family of Mr. Thomas and wife comprises five children: Martiia, who became the wife of Thomas Parsons, a resident farmer of the town of Aurora, is now deceased; Grant and Sherman, twins, aged twent3' -three, are still at home; John is twenty-one years of age; Griflitli, aged fifteen, is attending school. The parents and ciiildren, with one exception, are all members of the First Baptist Church of Berlin, in which Mr. Thomas is Senior Deacon. He is one of the faithful and earnest workers of that church and gives liberally to the upbuilding of the cause and to all benevo- lent work. The Thomas household is the abode of hospitality and the members of the family hold a hign position in the social world, where they have so long been widely and favorablj' known. ROBERT COCHRANE of Westfield, jj is one of the well known pioneers of Mar- quette County, and the founder of the vil- lage, in which he now makes his home. In the month of September, 1849, he and his brother, H. B. Cochrane, landeil in Marquette County. There was then no residences between Westfield and Montello and between the former place and Packwaukee. Little or no evidence was given of the vast and rapid changes which were so soon to lake place, transforming the county from a wild and unsettled wilderness to its present advanced position. Tlie first house erected on tlie present plat of Westfield was built by the Cochrane broth- ers in the winter of 1849. It was a log structure and continued to be their home until 1850. They also erected tlie following summer the first saw mill in Marquette County. That building is still standing and has been in use until within a short time. After forty years the frame work and the shingles of the roof are still in a good state of pres- ervation, though otlier parts are fast giving way to decay. About 1853, one of the first gristmills of Mar- quette County was built by Robert and H. B. Coch- rane on the site of their present mill but was burned down four years ago and in 1886 was replaced by our subject with a fine roller mill which he still owns and operates. His brother left Westfield a number of years ago and is now residing on a farm near Beaver Dam, Wis. Believing that the vicini- ty in which he located would be an excellent place for a town, Robert Cochrane laid out the original [)lat to which he gave the name of Westfield in honor of his birthplace. Since then he has made an addition called the central addition to the vil- lage plat of Westfield. That village certainly owes its existence to our subject, for no man has so long and earnestly labored for its upbuilding and advancement. He has identified himself with all of its interests, including, social, moral, educational and business enterprises and has made it the thriv- ing little village which it to-day is. He was there engaged in merchandising for some time in the early days but has devoteil the greater part of his attention to milling and the lumber trade. We know the history of the life of this gentle- man will be of interest to the readers of this Al- m;M so we subjoin the following brief sketch. He was born in the town of Westfield, Chautauqua Co., N. Y., on April 22, 1822, and is a son of Robert and Jane (Law) Cochrane, who were early settlers of the Empire State and were both of Scotch-Irish descent. They continued to reside in the town of Westfield until their, death. Thej' were the parents of eleven ciiildren, six sons and five daughters, all of whom grew to mature years with the exce|)tion of one daughter. Eight mem- bers of that family are still living. The youngest son nowownsandoperates the old homestead in the State of New York. The two eldest sons, John and H. B. reside near Beaver Dam, Wis. ; Robert is the 460 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. third in order of birtii; James is living in the vil- lage of Waupun; and William is the youngest son. Two of the sisters are residents of Westfield, while the other is living in the town of Ripley. Mar- quette County. Thomas L. was the first of the family to leave the Empire State and emigrate to the West. H. B. settled temporarily in Joliet, 111., in 1842. In May, 1843, Robert followed his Inother, he also going to Joliet. He was then twenty-one 3'ears of age. He left home with but «3 in his pocket and worked his passage around the Great Lakes from Buffalo to Chicago. On his .arrival in the latter city he found that he had but 25 cents remaining but he continued on his way to Joliet, where he and his brother worked at whatever they could find to do. including the teaching of schools, which Robert followed during the winter season for sev- eral years. In 1845. they went to Waupun, Wis., and made a claim which now constitutes the farm of tlieir brother John. Building a house they made their home in that communit}- for some time but later came to Westfield but even after their ar- rival in this county, continued to work their land in Illinois for a considerable time. We have be- fore given an account of how they laid out the village'and established many of its leading indus- tries, and how after some jears H. B. removed to Beaver Dam, but our subject continued to make his home in that village. In Westfield. Robert Cochrane was united in marriage with Miss Lucy Enierton, a native of New Hampshire. Unto them have been horn five cliildren.four of whem are now living, namely: Jennie E.. wife of Leonard Hettinger; A. Lucy, Robert L. :ind T. Harry. A number of years ago. for the purpose of securing better opportunities for the education of his children, Mr. Cochrane pur- chased a fine home in Portage City to which his family removed. They there now reside but the husband and father spends the greater part of his time in Westfield, superintending his large business interests in that place. In his political aflSliations, Mr. Cochrane is a Democrat. He has served as a member of the County Board of .Supervisors and in 1864 was elected and served as a member of the General As- sembly of the State. He was also Director and the first President of the railroad built from Stevens Point to Portage. Truly Mr. Cochrane may be called a self-made man. We have previously mentioned the small capital with which he had to begin life, the sum of $3, yet he is now num- bered among the wealthy citizens of this com- munity. His success is due alone to his energy, industry and determination, and is the reward of perseverance. 1^ ICHARD MUELLER, the enterprising drug- :|y^ gist of Princeton, like many of his leading ^\v, fellow townsmen is of German birth. Of ^^a family- of nine children born to Michael and Amalie Mueller, he was the eldest. His mother is a native of Poland, his father of France, who traces his ancestry bnck to the time of the Hugue- nots. By profession he was a teacher in the old country and continued to make his home in Ger- many until 1881, when he came to America, locat- ing in Princeton, that he might spend the remainder of his days near his children, all of whom, with one exception, are residents of this .State. Her- man, the second of the family makes his home in Ripon; Gustave is engaged in the practice of medi- cine in Menasha; Olga is the wife of Otto Rupp of Shebojgan, agent of the American Express Com- pany; Eugenie is the wife of Fritz Muehlbr.adt and is still living with her husband in Germany; Ar- thur resides in Princeton, as does also the next younger, Franz, who is a pharmacist; Fritz makes his home in Ripon: and Alma, who completes the family is yet with her parents. In his native land our subject was reared to man- hood, receiving a liberal education in the schools of that country, graduating from the Gymnasium at Bromberg, Prussia. When seventeen years of age, having completed his studies, he began pre- paring himself for a business career. He entered a lawyer's oHice with the intention of making the legal profession his life work, and shortly after- ward was appointed Register of the Common Court at Schubin. German}-, in which capacity he served for three months. Very favorable were the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 461 reports wbich had reached him of this country and he then determined to try his fortune in the Ne.v AVorld. In the month of April, 1868, bidding; good-bye to home and friends, lie embarked upon the broad Atlantic and at length arrived safely in New York, whence he went direct to St. Louis, Mo., where for a short time he was engaged in drilling stone. In that way he earned his first mone}' in the New World. His next place of resi- dence was St. Paul. Minn., but after a short time he i-emoved from that city to Rum River Reserva- tion, Minn., where he was employed as a farm hand for some ten weeks, at the end of which time he again resumed his travels, continuing on until reaching Ripon, "Wis. His search for employment in that city was vain and he walked from there to Princeton, where he entered the emplo}' of a mer- chant, receiving 18 per month for his services as salesman. Four years were spent in that line in Princeton, after which he clerked for three years in Oshkosh and one year in Appleton, Wis. He then came again to the city where he now makes his home, entering the employ of August Swanke as book-keeper. He vvished to establisli in business for himself and in order to increase his financial resources during that time he engaged In teaching an evening school. At 'the expiration of a year he found that as a result of his industr3' lie had some little capital and on the 19th day of May, 1875, in compan}' with Iiis brother Gustave, wlio is now engaged in the practice of medicine at Me- nasha. he opened a drug store. The firm w;is dis- solved in 1887, since which time our suliject has been sole proprietor, his brother Franz, however, assisting him. in his duties. From the estaliiish- ment of the store it has received a liberal patron- age and the trade is constantly increasing. It is one of the largest establishments of the kind in the county and it? owner has a wide reputation fo- fair and honest dealing, which any might envy. He devotes careful attention to all details. Is syste- matic and exact and his business is on a firm finan- cial basis. Mr. Mueller has lield the offices of County Treas- urer. Town Clerk and .Justice of the Peace, the duties of which he discharged to tlie satisfactior* of all concerned. He has also filled several school offices and has ever exerted bis influence for the advancement of the cause of education. Since 1870, he has supported the Democratic party. So- cially, he is a member of the Princeton Turn Ve- rein, of which he has been Speaker for two terms and teacher of gymnastics and calisthenics for eight 3'ears. '^m^l- S^EV. ADOLPII G. HOYER. pastor of the 'v^ Lutheran Church at Princeton, Green t4i\\\ Lake County, was born Ma3r 26, 1856, in ^)' Hamburg, Ciermany, and is a son of Rev. John A. and Agnes (Moraht) Hoyer, both of whom were also natives of the same country. In 1865, the family crossed the broad Atlantic to America, and located in Richville, Monroe Co., Wis., where for two years the father was pastor of the Lutheran Church. He then received a call from the church at Eldorado, Fond du Lac County, where two years of his life were passed, when he removed to Princeton. The date of his removal was 1869, and for the long period of fifteen years he engaged in preaching the Gospel to the people of that place. It is needless to say that his services were appreciated and that he won many friends, for his long residence plainl}- indicates that fact. He next made his home in St. Paul, Minn., for two years, after which he was engaged in church du- ties at various places until called to Nicollet County. IMinn., where he still resides, having charge of the church in Nicollet. The family of the Rev. John Hoyer and wife numbered ten children, but three died previous to to the removal to this country. Elizabeth, the first-born is now deceased; Otto is Professor of the college at New I'lm; Minnie is the wife of C. C. Fricke, real-estate dealer of Chicago ; Edward has also followed the ministry and now has charge of the church at West Bend, Wis.; Mary is still at home; Adolph of this sketch is the next in order of birth; and Gustave is a prominent physician of Princeton. The good mother of these children was called to her final rest in 1876 and was interred in the cemetery of that city, where she and her hus- band vvere so widely' and favorably known. Their upright lives and high excellence won them the love 462 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. of all, and deep regret and sorrow was felt tliroiigli- out the entire community when the estimable ladj' was called home. The early boyhood days of our suliject were spent under the parental roof, and when a young man he determined to devote his early life to the cause of the Master. He entered upon a prepara- tory course of studj^ at the College of Watertown iti 1 870, graduating from that institution at the close of seven j'er.rs. His education was very thorough, and without further preparation he be- gan the study of theology in Concordia Seminary under Prof. C. F. Walther. where he continued one year. Returning to Princeton at the expiration of that time, for the next twelve months he assisted his father in his arduous labors, and then completed his studies in the Lutheran Seminary in Milwaukee in 1880. His father then had charge of five con- gregations and Adolph resolved to ligliten the bur- den resting upon him. He took charge of tlie churches at Montello and Mecan, where for fouryears he performed the duties of pastor, until 1881, when he accepted a call of the St. .lohn's Lutheran Churcli at Princeton and the St. Stephen's Church in Princeton Township. The congregation of the former numbers 175 families and of tiie latter six- ty-five families. Some years previous. St. John's Church liad as tlieir p.astor the honored father of our subject, and on the son they Iiestow the same love and respect which was tendered to the elder gentleman. Since residing in Princeton he has been offered the p.istorate of St. John's C hurch of St. Paul. Minn., and of the Jerusalem Church at Milwaukee, but his people were so loath to pari with him that he df clined both positions. He has accomplished a good and grand work in Princeton. Both b}' precept and example he te.iches the people the way of life, and many have been brought into the church under his preaching. He is a member of the Lutheran .Synod of Wisconsin of which Rev. P. H. Rohr is President, the organization number- ing 150 ministers and having under its charge 250 congregations and 170 schools. The St. John's Church of Princeton has connected with itascliool, the attendance numbering 140 pupils. .Mr. Hoyer was united in marriage with Miss Clara H. Thiel. on the I'Jthof May, 1881. She is a daughter of August and Henrietta (Luethe) 'Ihiel, who for a number of years were residents of Princeton, the father's death there occurring. After her sad bereavement, the mother removed to ililwaukee. Later she was united in marriage with August Swanke, a citizen of Princeton. Mrs. Hoyer was born in the same city in 1863, and by her union with our subject has become the mother of four children. Hugo and Martha, the two elder, are now deceased. Oswahl was born Oct. 7. 1885; and Clara was born Jan. 7, 1887. In political sentiment. Mr. Hoyer is a Republican, having given his support to that party since becom- ing an American citizen. He believes in a policy that will support churches and schools, and has at all times identified himself with those interests which tend to promote the welfare of the commun- ity. His sterling worth and ability as indicated by the liigh regard in which he is held, not only by his own people but by all with whom he comes in contact, justly entitles liim to representation in this volume and we are glad to thus perpetuate his his- tory. .^^HOMAS RICHARDS, who is engaged in ftt^^i farming and stock raising in the town v\^^ of Mackford. Green Lake County, is thc^ owner of more than 500 acres of land in that vicin- ity, his home being situated on section 10. He is a native of Kngland, having been born in Lincoln- shire. June 28, 1818. His parents, (Gibson and .Sarah (Idle) Richards, were also Ijorn in the sailie county, where were born unto them five children: namely, Mary, wife of William Pearson, of England; Sarah, who died at the age of twenty-one 3ears; Thomas of this sketch; Elizabeth, who died in her native land in her fifteenth year; and Anthony Gibson, who also departed this life in England. Mr. Rich- ards was a land owner of that country and was in very comfortable circumstances. Our subject is the onl}' one of the family yet living and it thus falls to his lot to perpetuate their histor}^ by written record. He remained under the j parental roof until sixteen years of age, when he i left home and entered a mercantile establishment I as salesman, continuing to serve in that capacity PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 463 for four years, when he turned his attention to farming, which he followed eight years. In 1850 he determined to cast his lot with the American people, and, bidding good-by to home and native land, he sailed for this eountr}'. Immediately on landing he resumed his journey across the conti- nent, stopping only when he reached Green Lake County, where lie decided to make his future home. He first purchased 160 acres of land in the northeast- ern part of Mackford township, but Mn 1860 sold out and bouglit eighty acres of the farm on which he now resides. His landed possessions have since been increased to between 500 and 600 acres, though his path to wealth has not always been an easy one. He had S900 when he started for Americ.n, but when spring came he had only fifty cents remaining. That he expended for a half bushel of potatoes. Being in need of some nails, he went to the store and asked to be allowed to get some on credit, but was refused. He was then in limited circumstances, but no(v, when his efforts have been blessed with an abundance of this world's goods and he has the monc3' with which to pay for ever^^thing he cares to buy. the merchants are only too willing to give him credit. It was not long, however, before liis lands began yielding him a ready return for the care and cultivation which lie had bestowed upon them and the difficulties and obstacles which he had at first encountered grew less and less, until now all is smooth sailing. Previous to his emigration to America, Mr. Richards led to the marriage altar Miss Susannah Ellis, who was also born in Lincolnshire. Two children, yet living, were born to them— Thomas E., of Hutchinson, McLeod Co., Minn.; and Sarah A., wife of Adelbert Bemis, of Hector, Rsnville Co.. Minn. The mother departed this life Sept. 19, 1855, and in 1856 Mr. Richards was again mar- ried, his second union being with Miss Ann King, who was born in Lincolnshire, England, Jan. 27, 1833, and is a daughter of William and Lucy King. They have ten living children: — Anthony Gibson, who was born Jan. 16, 1857, and is now living in Renville Countj^ Minn.; William L., born Jan. 2, 1859, still resides in Green Lake County; Mary E., born .Ian. 15, 1860, is the wife of Fred Bemis, of Green Lake County; John Lincoln, born M.ay 11, 1861, is still in Green Lake County; George W., born August 10, 1862; Carrie, born July 9, 1864, is the wife of Ralph Whitney, of Moore County, Minn.; Lucy E., boin Dec. 30, 1865, died March 9. 1868; Susie Electa, born Aug. 9, 1867; Henry Requa, born June 3o, 1869; General Grant, born July 4, 1871; and Charley M., born May 27, 1875. Mr. Richards and liis wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal (Jhurch and arc highly re- spected citizens of the community in which they make their home. He is a warm friend of educa- tion and gives his support to any measure which is calculated to promote the general welfare. In political sentiment he is a Republican, but, though he feels a deep interest in political affairs, he has never been an office seeker, as his business fully occupies his time. For almost forty years he has made his home in this communitj- and is widely known. &IRAM MciS'UTT, who resides on section 28 in the town of Oxford, is a representativo of one of the prominent and respected fam- _ ilies of Marquette County, who have been identified with its history from its earliest days. His father, Gideon McNutt, was born in Herkimer Connty, N. Y., in 1807, and when a lad removed with his parents to Lake Connty, Ohio; he after- ward became a resident of Portage County, and subsequently settled in Lorain County, where he was reared to manhood, and formed the acquaint- ance of Miss Betsy Winehell, with whom he was afterward united in marriage. Having resided for some time in the Buckeye State, in tlie fall of 1848, accompanied b\' his family, he emigrated to Wis- consin, becoming a resident of Dodge Countj% but the following year we find him in Marquette County, living upon a farm which he purchased in the town of Moundville. He there came into pos- session of about 1,000 acres of land, including the gianite quarry of that town, which is still in the possession of the family. His next removal was to the town of Oxford, where he purchased land of William Wadworth, the possessor of large tracts in that vicinity. That was in 1858, and until his 464 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. death, wliich occurred in 1873, he made his home upon his farm in the town of Oxford. His wife, a most estimable lad\'. was called to her final rest four years previously. Oideon McNutt was one of the well known pioneers of Marquette County, and a prominent and iufluential citizen whose memory is respected by all who had the pleasure of his .ic- quaintance. He was quite successful in a financial point of view, and was ever ready to lend a help- ing hand to those in need. As his own resources increased his charity broadened, and many were the recipients of his bounty who gave him their heart- felt thanks for his timely iissistance. At his death he left three children, namely: .\ngeline, Hir-am and Eli. The daughter became the wife of Asel Waldo and died in Missouri on the 21st of June, 1884. Eli resides near his brother in the town of Oxford and is likewise engaged in the occupation of farming. He was born in Lorain County. Ohio, in 1843. and was therefore but six years of .age when he came with his parents to Wisconsin. He led to the marriage altar Miss Rlioda Conger, and their union has been blessed with four children: Angeline, Aleen CJ.. Hiram and Henry. Hiram McNutt, whose name heads this sketch, was born in the Buckeye State in 1829. and had al- most attained to 'mature years at the time of the emigration of the family to this State. The most important event of his life occurred in 1850, when he was united in m.arriage with Miss Minerva W:ild(i, daughter of Eber M. and Olive Waldo. This worthv couple are numbered among the highly respected cil zens of the town of Oxford, where they have lived so many years, and hold an en- viable position in the social world. They have a pleasant home on secticm 28 in (lie town of Oxford, and a fine farm yields a golden li ibute to the care and cultivation of the owner, who is a man of en- teri)rising and progressive ideas which have led to his success in liis business career. Asel Waldo, whose family is closely allied to that of Mr. McNutt, was also one of the pioneers of Marquette County, dating his residence from 18^!). He was born in Lake County, Ohio, in 1822, and is a son of Kbcr M. Waldo, a native of New York, bum in Herkimer County, .lune \\K IT'.tl. Mr. Waldo. Si., married Miss Olive ' Sprague, and with his young bride removed to what is now Lake County, Ohio, and afterward became a resident of Lorain County. He then set- tled in Kane County, HI., and afterward resided in \ Lake County, HI. The first of his family to come to Marquette County was Asel, who settled in the town of Douglas. He was followed by Joseph, and still later the parents settled in Marquette County, where they spent the'r last days. Their children were Asel, Clarissa, Minerva, and Joseph. ! The oldest of that family. Asel Waldo, on the 8lh of February, 1847, in Ohio, wedded Angeline A. McNutt, and, as before stated, became a lesident of Marquette County in 1849. In 1869 he re- moved to RHssouri, settling in Caldwell County, where his wife died in June, 1884, leaving two ! daughters — Louisa M., who is now the wife of Jo- ' seph Chapman, and Lizzie O., wife of W. F. Blair. Both are residents of Caldwell County, Mo. Jl' AMKS DLFF, the present Uistricl Attorney I of Marquette County, has held that office ' since 1880, with the exception of one term. ' He makes his home in Packwaukee, and is numbered among its prominent citizens. His birth I occurred in the city of Philadelphia. Pa., on Janu- I ary 23, 1843, he being one of a family of eight 1 children, five of whom are living at this writing in j 1889. His father, David Duff, died of cholera in 1849, when our subject was but six years of age ! but his mother still survives and is living in Phila- delphia. She w.as born in 1810. James DutT. whose name heads this notice, after the death of his father was reared in the home of his maternal uncle, Adrain Barber, with whom he came to Wisconsin in the fall of 1860. settling in the town of Oxford, RLirquette County. He was then in the eighteenth year of his age. He had acquired a liberal education in the schools of Wilkesbarre and Janesville, Pa., and on his arrival in Wisconsin t'lrned his attention to farming which he followed until about 1872, when he determined to abandon that occupation and began fitting hini- 5;elf for the legal profession. For two or three vears he sludieg. ALTER B. BOOTH, of Westfield, has re- sided in Wisconsin for three years under territorial government and during its en- tire existence as a State, lie has been identified I with the growth and progress of Westfield since PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 483 1856, and is one of its hoiioreri and respected citi- zens. He was born in Delaware County. N. Y., Aug. 17, 1817. and is a son of .Tesse and Rosy 'Francis) Booth. The family is of Englisli descent and is one of the early families of New England. Joseph Booth, the grandfather of our subject, served his country in the War of the Revolution and after that struggle removed to Delaware County, N. Y. Jesse Booth, who was born in Hartford, Conn., in 1790, was a lad of sixteen years when, v.'ith his parents, he became a resident of the Empire State. By occupation he was a farmer and followed that business tliroughout his entire life. He was a well known and influential citizen of Delaware County, and his friends as an appreciation of his ability and the confidence with which they regarded liim,ciiose him to represent tlieni one term in the (Tcneral Assembly of New York. His wife, the mother of our subject, was also a native of Connecticut, and belonged to an early New England family. When a child she was taken by her parents to the Empire Slate, and in Delaware County the young couple became acquainted anil were mariieil. A numlier of years later, in 1846, we find tliem en route for the Territory of Wisconsin with the view of seek- ing a home on its broad prairies. They first located ic Dodge County, where they remained for about nine years, when, in 185.5, they came to Marquette County, and spent their last days in Westficld and Packwaukee. Jesse Booth was twice married. He first wedded Miss Francis, by whom he had one child who died in early life. The mother of our subject was a sister of his former wife, and their union was blessed with ten children, nine of whom are yet living, three sons .and six daughters, Walter B., of this sketch, is the eldest. Since 1 859 the family has not been united at one time. In that year parents and children all assembled in West- field at a family reunion. With one exception all the daughters were married and sons-in-law and grandchildren were also present. The members of that household are now widely scattered through- out the various States of the ITnion, but the family circle has only once been broken, when a daughter died in childhood. Walter Booth, whose name heads this notice, ■jvas rearefl to manhood in his native State, and in its common schools acquired his education. When he had attained to mature years he married Miss Ann Eliz'i Banner, a lady of German descent, tlie union being celebrated in 1844. The following year the young couple started for the West, believ- ing that here they could more easily secure a home than in the older and thickly populated States of the East. They traveled by way of the Erie Canal to Buffalo, and from thence by the lakes to Mil- waukee, where they procured teams and proceeded to their destination. For about eleven years Mr. Booth engaged in farming in Fond du Lac County, after which he located in the village of Westfield, where he has since made liis home, (;overing a period of almost a third of a century. Only a few houses constituted the little village at that time, the rail- road had not then been built through, and it had but little general trade. He has identified himself with the best interests of the community, has aided in the progress and advancement of West- field and has ever faithfully discharged his duties of citizenship. He is now practically living a re- tired life, but still owns considerable land, including a fine farm in Marquette County, together with many broad acres situated elsewhere. In 1888 Mr. Booth was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died on the 10th day of May. Thej^ had traveled life's journey together for forty-four years, sharing with each other its J03'S and sorrows, and the loss of his loved compan- ion to Jlr. Booth is immeasurably great. Their family numbered five children, but one daughter died in infancy. The remaining four were two sons and two daughters; Flora L., became the wife of Rev. R. A. Fuller, and died many years ago, surviving her husband only one year. At her death she left a daughter, Lois Fuller, who lives with her grandfather. The second daughter, Ro- sella, became the wife of Randolph Norton and died about a year after the death of her sister. Charles Huron resides near Iroquois, S. D., and Alfred is living in the city of Escanaba, Mich., where he is chief manager in the Western Union Telegraph office. Mr. Booth has a pleasant home in Westfield and is one of the i)rominent citizens not only of tlmt 484 rORTUAlT AM) iJIOGUAPHICAL ALBUM. village but of Marquette County. He lias a wide and extended acquaintance and by all who know liira he is held in the highest legaid. His life has been one of uprightness and honesty, whether in ])ublic relations or in .social circles, and he has won the confidence and ro.s|)ect of young and ohl. rich and poor. Thus have we given a brief sketch of one of the worthy and eaily settlers of Marquette County', and in presenting this record to the read- ers of the Ai.HLM we feci assured that it will be read with much interest. Seely Francis, grandfather of oursubjeet, was a soldier in the War of 1812. com- manding a regiment, as Colonel. Joseph Booth, his paternal grandfather, was a soldier in the War of the Revolution. Our subject has been a Repub- lican since the organization of that party. j^ OMIMCK DKVANY. of Montello, served his country both in llic Mexican War and the War of the Rebellion. He w.is born in County Sligo, Ireland, and when a young man of nineteen years crossed the Atlantic to find a home in America, leaving kindred, friends and native land. His parents remained on the Kmerald Isle until called to their final resl. On arriving in America he went to Carbondale. Pa., where he made his home until the breaking out of the Mexican War, when he enlisted in the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment, in a company commanded by Capt. Wyncoo|), who was killed at the battle of Anlietam, in the War of the Rebellion. With his regiment Mr. Devany joined the command of Gen. Winfield Scott, and took part in the capture of \cra Cruz, the battle of Cerro Gordo, and the capture of the cit}' of Mexico. On the close of the war in 1848, he returned to the Keystone .State, and was mustered out of the service at Pittsburg. After another year spent in Carbondale he deter- mined to try his fortune in the West, and came to Montello, Wis., where he has since made his home. From the beginning he has been numbered among the piominent citizens of the tortn, and has been honored with various oflicial positions. In 1H.")1, he » as elected Clerk of the Court of Marquette C0U1.L3', when it also ineluiled Green Lake County. The able manner in which he discharged his duties led to his re-election in 1853, and in 1857 he was elected a member of the General Assembly. When the country- was again shroudeil in war, Mr. Devany a second time responded to the call for aiil. and in iHlil joined the boys in blue of Company I, 24th Wisconsin Infantry, comm.anded by Col. Larabee. On the organization of the com- pany he was made Sergeant and served about a year. At the battle of Perryville, Ky., he was placed in charge of the ammunition, acting as Orderly Sergeant until the overturning of a wagon loaded with ammunition, when he was so severely injured that he was further unfilled for service and received his discharge. When he had somewhat recovered his health, Mr. Devany engaged in the practice of law in Montello, and was a successful attorney of that city until forced to retire to private life on account of his health again failing him. Mr. Devany w.as married in Pennsylvania to Miss Mary Ilarte, a lady of Knglish birth, who died in Montello several years ago. They were the parents of seven children, five sons and two daughters, all of whom are now living. They are: Jlrs. John Barry and Mrs. Daniel Barry, both of MontelU); John is also a resident of Montello; Thomas is a farmer of Swift County, Minn.; Ed- mond is a resident farmer of Devil Lake, N. D.; William is also farming at the same place, as is also Mark. KLVIN J. FAUUINCiTON. who is engaged in general merchandising in the village of Ilarrisville. Marquette County, has passed his entire life in Wisconsin. He was born in Columbia County, on the 19th of July. 1849, and was one of a family of five children, whose parents were Joseph and Cornelia (Smith) Farring- lon : Mary, the eldest, became the wife of J. P. Luther, and died in 1885; William S. died in Co- lumbia County, Wis.; Melvin is the third in order of birth; Willard died in childhood; and Frances L. is the wife of J. W. Johnson, a resident of Mar- quette County. The I'urly lift- of our subject was pa.ssed in the PORTRAIT AND UlOCRAlMIICAL ALHUM. 485 usual lil;miU'r uf fni-,:u-|- hids. For some liuK^ lie fouiity, but coniplct.ed liis ('ducaliou iu Ihu llif^h School of Ik'iliii. On arriving at y<'ars of maturity, he was united in innrringe witii Miss .Tennii! A. Williams, dauglittM' of Myron C. and Amanda H. (Moad) Williams, the marriage bfing celeliratcd in Weslfield, on tiu; -i/itli of October, 1874. The par- ents of Mrs. Karrington are residents of Westlield, Wis., and natives of Vermont. Their union has been blessed with two interesting children, both sons: Kidney I)., born Aug. 29, 1870; Perry F., Feb. «, 1880. Uoth were boni in this county, and are now attending school. Mr. Fairington embarked upot; his business career as a farmer, and still follows that occupa- tion, and at length engaged in mercantile business, which he ha.s followed since I 881. covering a period of eight years. Me has been quite successful in that undertaking, and as he has become familiar with the wants and desires of his customers, and selected his stock with a view to pleasing them, he has secured a liberal patronage which is increasing from year to year. lie possesses good business ability, and is numbered among the enterprising citizens of Ilarrisville. lie has served in various otflcial positions, for a period of twelve years was Clerk of the Town, and since establishing mercan- tile i)usiness in Ilarrisville, has been Postmaster, which position he still occupies. lie has an exten- sive acquaintance, and by all with whom business or pleasure have brought him in contact, is re- garded as an honorable and prominent citizen. Mr. Farrington has always been engaged in farm- ing. /^^ YRIS K. HAWKS, who resides on section '|(^^ 20 in the town of Oxford, is a pioneer of ^^f' Marquette (,'ounty and a naliveof theOreen Mountain State, of Fnglish and Scotch parentage. He was born in the town of Newark, Caledonia County, Feb. 14, 1815, and is a son of Luther and Sally (Gale) Ilawes, the former a native of Frank- lin, Ma.ss., the latter of New Hampshire. Jonathan Hawcs, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was born in Kngland, but came to America prior to the War of the' Revolution .and was engaged in furnishini.' supplies to Ww, Colonial Army during that struggle. 'I'he niateiiial giaiulfallior, Paul Gale, served as a body guard of Gen. Washington. When the father of our subject was but live years old he removed with his parents from Massachusetts to Newport, N. H., and in that State was married, but soon afterward went to Vermont. In later years he became a resident of Canada and jji IHI7 we find him in Dodge County. Wis., whence he re- moved to Moundville. Marquette County, where his death occui'red in 180(1, His wife died in Dodge County, in 1851. They were iiareiiis of twelve children, nine f)f whom, four h(»iis and live daughters, attained to matui'e years. The subject of this sketch was a lad of fourteen years when the family luscame residents of Canada. He returned to the United States in 1830, settling iti Ohio, where he became acquainteil with Miss Martha Jane Raney, with whom Ik; was united in marriage Oct. 10, 1842. The lady was a native of the Buckeye State and a daughter of John A. Raney, who was a soldier in tin: War of I HI 2, as was also the father of our sulijeei. In Octubcr, 1845, Mr, Ilawes emigrated with his family to Wisconsin, locating in tlu- town of Trenlnn, l)r,(|;.e County, but in March, 184!), became a ri>>ident (d' the town of Moundville, Marqiiettft County. He located upon land in that community and [jurchascd the claim when it came into market, making it his home until 1857, when he removed to his present farm on section 20 in the town of Oxford. Mr. Ilawes was bereft of his wife by doatli Sept. 13, 1888, when that lady was in her seventieth year. They had travel(;d life's journey together for forty-four years, had laborefl for the interests of each other and their children, and wen? separ- ated only when the mother was called to her linal rest. Their family numbered eight children, one son and seven daughters, hut oidy four arc now living — Pernu'lia, Luther Jolin. Orphaand France.". Ursula, the eldest, was born (K-t. 2/), 1843, and died Feb. 5., 1887; Mary, born Oct. 4, 1S40. ds. At the close of his legislative term in March. 1876, he was appoint<;d Special Assistant Attorney General of the United Stales, to represent the Government in a large number of cases com- menced against it for the overflowing of lands caused bj- the improvement of the Fox ami Wis- consin rivers, in the Stale of Wisconsin, for navi- gation purposes. This position he tilled with credit until M.ay, 1878, when he resigned the same on ac- count of ill health. He is at present a member of the Republican State Central Committee.and was for several years Chairman of the Republicin County Committee for Waushara County. He has been named on two or thee occasions for Congress from his District, but has refused to je a candidate for PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 487 any legislutive office since the close of his term as a raemher of the Wisconsin Senate. Mr. Potter was married at Wautoma, Wis., Feb. 5, 18G1, to Miss Erueline Bingham, and they have haoke of tyranny. At the close of the war he was honorably discharged, and until his death was awarded a pen- sion in recognition of his services. He died in Waltham, Mass., Sept. 4, 1825. He was married. May 21, 1789, to Phcebe Manning, who was born in Massachusetts, Nov. 10, 1766, and died Oct. 13, 1851. She was an eye witness of the burning of Chaileston by the British during the Revolution. Francis Peiree, father of our subject, was also a native of Waltham, born Feb. 15, 1798. He was educated in the common schools, learned the trade of a blacksmith of Daniel Emerson, of Waltham, and then embarked in his business career. He kept a market in Boston for a short time, later was pro- prietor of a store in Tiverton, R. I., for about a year, and was a machinist in Fall River. Mass., for several years. On the 30th of November, 1826, he married Betsy Boomer, daughter of Nathaniel and Sarah (Borden) Boomer, both of whom were natives of Bristol County, Mass., where Mrs. Peiree was born July 7, 1805. With his wife and two children Francis Peiree removed to Mina, Chautau- qua County. N. Y., going by way of New York City and u}) the Hudson to Albany, and thence by canal and team to his destination. He did not long remain tliere, however, but in 1832 removed to Elk Creek, Erie Co., Pa., where he made his home until 184(3, devoting his time to farming, black- smithing and school-teaching. He also engaged in merchandising to some extent, and traveled through th:it oommunitj- as a temperance lecturer. Remov- ing to Clarksville, Pa., he became a member of a firm engaged in general merchandising and mining coal. Accompanied by his son Oliver, in 1850, lie emigrated to Wisconsin and became one of the pioneers of AYasuhara C'ount3\ His name is insep- arably connected with the history of Pine River, as few men in that early d.ay labored more zealously for its interests or did more to make it a habitable abode for civilized man. Mr. Peiree died Feb. 24, 1877. and his last rest- ing place is markeil by a simple monument that stands on a beautiful ridge, which less than thirty years ago was a favorite point of observation for the led man. His life covered almost fourscore 492 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. years. Nature had wonderfully fitted him to enjoy this life and he i'nal)led many others to appreciate its beauties and pleasures as he did. He was <;en- ial in disposition, ardent in temperament, gifted in minil and in person, alive to friendship and to love, passionately fond of the best literature and a worshiper at the shrine of nature. Had his life been spent under different circumstances, he would probably have left a brilliant record and carved his name in indelible letters on the pages of Amer- ican history: as it was he exerted an influence for good, was alwaj-s striving to uplift the fallen and teach others to appreciate the hidden beauties of nature, which afforded him so much pleasure. He was a natural orator and his words of eloquence were heard in behalf of temperance even in the early part of this century, when it was so unpopu- lar to be an advocate of that cause. He felt that liberty was the birthright of the American citizen, and his loyalty to his country was almost ideal in character. In the home circle he was a loving and tender husband, a kind and indulgent parent, and his wise councils and protecting care threw around his children a safeguard separating them from the l)aser things of life and leaving them to enjoy the higher plane on which he lived. In political senti- ment he was a .lack.sonian Democrat and was thor- oughl}' versed on all public issues. He was the first Town Superintendent of the town of Sax- ville. a position which he ably filled. His wife, a most estimable lady, who was greatly beloved for her many excellencies of character, died on the 18th of August, 1846, in tlie forty-first year of her age. Unto Mr. and Mrs. I'circe were born five sons and four daughters, Oliver being the eldest of the family: William, born Aug. 30, 1829, married Elizabeth V. Allen, and for thirty years was a wholesale merclumt of Boston; James, born Aug. 11, 1831, died in 1838; Lydia, born .lune 25, 1833. became the wife of Grosvenor Allen, and met her death bj' drowning in the .St. Lawrence Rivei', .July 55, 1872; Mary A., born Feb. 16, 1835, died Sept. 8, 1866; George, born March 25, 1838. and died on the 31st of August, following; Caroline, born .lidy 14, 1839, was married. .Sept. 10. 1865, to Kzra F. Stuntz, a farmer of Erie, Pa. ; Edgar, horn May I 6, 1841. wedded Mary M. Wells, served his coun- j try three years in the Civil VV'ar, and is now a hardware merchant of Big Rapids. Mich.: Harriet, born Sept. 8. 1843, was married M.ay 14. 1868, to Alex McDowell, a flax manufacturer of Ashland, Ohio. • From 1832 until 1850. Oliver Peirce, whose name heads this sketch, resided in Elk Creek County, Pa., with the exception of a few months spent in Clarksville. He gathered together enough money, by working as a farm hand and at other pursuits, to enter the land upon which he nciw lives. Coming to this county in 1850. he made a claim of 160 acres, upon which he built a log cabin that continued to be his home while he awaited the Govern~.ent surveys to obtain his title. He con- tinued to add to his first tract as his means would allow until he possessed 360 acres. On the nth of November, 1858, Mr. Peirce led to the marri.age altar Sarah E. Kimball, who was born in Buxton. Me.. Oct. 26, 1832, and was a daugliter of Daniel and Sarah (Lowell) Kimball, also natives of Buxton. The birth of three sons and one daughter blessed their union: Francis D., born Feb. 28. 1860, married Eliza Brown, of New York, and manages his father's farm ; Mary K., born .Sept. 26, 1863, teaches in the Kindergarten depart- ment of the Beilin High School; William D.. born Dec. 4, 1864. died March 20, 1877; and George J., born April 29, 1868, died on the 14lh of .luly. of the same year. In the spring of 1859 Mr. Peirce was employed by his brother-in-law, A. M. Kimball, as a confi- dential clerk, which position he maintained for ten years. Since that time he has devoted his atten- tion to his farm of 200 acres, and now has one of the most pleasant homes in the town of Sax- ville. He has been quite successful in his business operations and is reganled as one of the leading citizens of the community. In former years he was a supporter of the Republican party, but of late years has attiliated with the Prohibition party, and 1 is an ardent advocate of the cause of temperance. He has been Township Chairman for several 3'ears, was Superintendent of the schools, served as Post- master of Pine River for ten years, was Town Su- I perintendent of the town of Leon for one year, and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 493 for nineteen successive years was District Treas- urer of the joint districts composed of Leon and Saxville Towiisliips. As a public official he has won the confidence and respect of all, as his long- continued service well indicates. On the 16th of May, 1869, Mr. Peirce became a member of the Pine River Congregational Church, and lias since filled the office of Deacon, and was one of the prime factors in tlie erection of that house of worship. His wife is also a consistent member of the same ciiurch. Mr. Peirce enjoys tlie just reputation of having been an honest, upright and honorable citizen ail his life. His magnanimity, fidelity and purity of principle, have elevated him far above the common level, and if all men were fortunately possessed of such characteristics as he. the '-judge and jury" would soon perish in the stieam of oblivion, and ere his evening sun shall have reached that horizon where the dusk is waiting for the night, he will have made foot-prints on the sands of time never to be effaced. See portrait. J i^ AVID GREEXWAY. In the way of pre- jV paring a summer resort for the pleasure f^ and rest of the overworked and pent up people the cities. Mr. Greenway stands as a i)ioneer, not only of Wisconsin but of the North- west. In 1866, he purchased thirty-five acres of land on section 21 , in the town of Brooklyn, hav- ing a lake front of some 2,000 feet. On the south stietehes the deep green waters of Green Lake; north, about a mile, lies the village of Dartford; the grounds have for some distance a gentle slope to the water's edge, majestic forest trees throw their delightful shade upon the green sward, and surely' a more beautiful site could not have been se- lected. Nature, long ago, did her part in preparing a delightful summer home for health seeking humanity, but not until 1866, did man add his efforts. The first house was boarded up and down and was capable of accommodating .about seventy- five guests. Great fears were entertained by the proprietor and his friends that the enterprise would be but a bubble soon to burst. These mis- givings were unfounded, however, for the first season the house was so full that had the people been as exacting as at the present d.aj', tliej- would probably have returned in disgust. But all were contented and happy, enjoying the pure air and delightful freedom of countrj' life. This now famous resort was christened Oakwood. To follow its progress from year to year would be too tedious; suffice it to say from that infantile beginning it has arisen to one of the first resorts east, west, north or south. There is one mammoth building surrounded by broad verandas, spacious walks furnishing ample opportumity for promen- ades, and numerous cottages are finely located along the Lake shore, so that more than 300 guests may be comfortably entertained at one time. Amusement halls, flower gardens and everything necessary to the comfort and entertainment of the guests is there found and the stables furnish excel- lent riding horses for those who prefer that recre- ation. In connection with the history of Oakwood, it would be interesting to know something of him who furnished the brains and money to establish that fine resort. David Greenway was born in Warwickshire, England, March 14, 1826, and is a son of Thomas and Hannah (Padbury) Greenw.iy who were also natives of the same county. In 1835 the family sailed for America and after residing a time in New Jersey removed to Syracuse, N. Y. While en route for that city the death of the mother oc- curred, the father p.assing his last days in Syra- cuse. Of their children our subject is the only one who found his way to the West. His education was limited to such .as could be obtained during a few terms attendance at the old log school house. The first business enterprise in which he embarked was brewing, his brother being his partner in that pursuit. After about three years he sold out and engaged in raising vegetables for the Sj'racuse market, continuing in that line of work until 1850, when he came to Wisconsin. He first settled in the city of Ripon, Fond ciu Lac County, where after a year spent in farming, he opened a variety store, which he afterward converteil into a drug store. Subsequently, he hehl the position of agent 494 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. for tlie express company of Livingston, Fargo & Co. for nbout fifteen years, but since 186fi, bis chief business has been the superintending and improving of liis summer resort. On tlie 19th of Fel)ruary, 1849. Mr. Green wf\y was united in marriage with Caroline Cbadburn, daughter of John Cliadburn, an English optican. She wns born in Lancastersliirc. F^ngland, in 1827, and in girlliood came with iier parents to America, the family locating in New York. Their union was blessed with two children, William and George. The mother was called lionie on tlie 3d of .January, 1880. and her loss was a great sorrow not only to her immediate family, but to her many friends. After several years, on the 29th of Janu- ary, 1887, Mr. Greenway was again married, his union being with Mrs. Lydia Irving, whose maiden name was Capron. She died Aug. 21, 1889, leav- ing one child, Stewart. Mr. Greenway is conservative in politics and has never sought ot desired public office. .Socially he is a Royal Arch Mason. He has been very suc- cessful in his business transactions, and is num- bered among the wealthiest citizens in the town of Brooklyn. «^^MOMAS S. ROBERTS, who is engaged in ,y^N general farming in Mackford Township. '^^^ Green Lake County. AVis., his home being on section 32, is a representative of one of the pio- neer families of the county. He was born in Haverhill, N. H., on the 4th of May, 1842, and is a son of Thomas D. and Sophia (Gould) Roberts, the former a native of Hampshire, England, the latter of Novia Scolia. Their sketch appears else- where in this volume. The subject of this notice when only two ye.ars old, came with his parents to this county, where he has since made his home, covering a period of more than forty-five years. He was reared to manhood among its wild scenes and in the log school house so common at that day acquired his education. On attaining his majority lie mar- ried Miss Elizabeth Wilson, a native of England, daughter of Matthew and Hannah (Hayes) Wilson. Their union was celebrated Dec. 10, 18Uj, and unto them have been born two children, a son and a daughter — Jennie C. who is now the wife of John Seward, of Fox Lake, and William. The Roberts household is noted for its hospitality and the family holds a high position in the social world. Mr. Roberts has been very successful as a farmer and is in comfortable circumstances. He passed through the hardships and trials incident to frontier life and has seen almost the entire growth of the county. He has ever manifested a deep interest in public enterprises and all that pertains to the welfare of the community and is a worthy and valued citizen. ■^ ^p-^ «- ^f? EWIS M. BAZELEY, who for f..rly-lhrce I (^ years has oeen a resident of (ireen Lake /'!' -% County, is now engaged in farming on the old homestead on section 4, Green Lake Township. He is also chairman of the Board of Supervisors of the town, and is one of the prominent .and influen- tial citizens of the community. He was born Nov. 7, 1846, and is a son of William and Mary A. (Seaman) Bazeley, who are represented on another page of this work. He received his education in an old log school hou.'e with slab seats, an immense fireplace at one end and small apertures in the logs serving for windows. He was rcare 'Mi YRUS N. HOLBROOK, a retired farmer now residing in Markesan, Wis., is num- if bered among the honored pioneers of 1844. His history is inseperably connected with that of the community and it is with great pleasure that we present to the readers of the Album this brief sketch of his life work. He is a native of the Empire State, having been born in Genesee County, on the 30th of August, 1823. The Holbrook family is of ancient origin and was established in America during Colonial da3-s. The grandfather of our sketch was a physician and surgeon and in tliat capacity served his country- during the Revolutionary War. Mr. Hol- brook has an oil portrait of him and liis estiraalile wife which he prizes very highly. Walter Holbrook, son of Silas, and father of Cyrus, born in 1795, and Emily Higloy, born in 1802, were united in marriage J^ec. 30, 1819, in Genesee Count}-, N. Y. John Higley. the Ameri- can ancestor, born near London, Eng., settled in Wiiidsor, Conn., in 1666. The Higleys were numbered among those who first located upon the Holland Purchase in Gen-i PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 497 esee County. They went to that county when it was in such a wild and unsettled condition that the trees weie blazed so that travelers miglit find their way through the forest. Walter Hollirook was a tan- ner and currier liy trade and followed that occupa- tion until 1 833 when they removed to what was tlien considered the far West — Asiitabula County, Ohio. Their first meal in their new home was pre- pared in the primitive style of pioneers, being cooked over a fire in the open air. The region in which they settled was heavily timbered and before a house could be erected a place had to be cleared on which it could be built. Many hardships and difficulties were endured by the family in their new home, but in the course of time they were sur- rounded by all the necessaries and comforts of life, Both parents passed away in Ashtabula County, the mother aged sixty-six years and the father eighty-three years. Unto them was born a family of fifteen children, but only five are now living. When but nine years of age our subject went with the family to Ohio. The days of his boy- hood until manhood were passed under the paternal roof, acquiring in the meantime such an education as common schools and institutes afforded. On attaining his majorit}', he started out for himself and came direct to the territory of Wisconsin, believing that the farther West furnished better opportunities for advancement to j'oung men. Being well pleased with this locality he entered land. In order to obtain a title to the same be had to go to Green Bay where he remained during the summer of 1844, in the employ of Hamilton Stevens. His duty was to convey the mail from Green Bay to Fox Lake, a distance of seventy-five miles. All money sent between the two points was given into his immediate charge and faithfully delivered. In the autumn he returned to Ohio, where he engaged in teaching school until 1847, at which time he took posession of his [)resent farm in M.anchester and Mackford Townships. He at once built a little framed cabin, 12x16. and gave his attention to the development of the wild land which he has since transformed into a fine farm; erected numerous and substantial farm buildings which $t^ud now aiBong the best of the county. On the -iOth of December. 1849. Mr. Holbrook led to the marriage altar Miss Catherine Jane Mather, born in Claremont, N. H.. in 1823, only daughter of Samuel S. and Catherine Abbott Mather. The father was a native of Lyme, Conn., the mother of Concord, N. H., who was a daughter of Nathaniel Chandler Abbott. They each descended from Puritan ancestr}' of distinguished character. Their son Samuel W. had come to Wisconsin in 1844 and through his influ- ence the remainder of the family came to him in 1847. The father of Mrs. Holbrook was born in 1786 and passed to his final rest in Green Lake County in 1853, aged 67 years. The mother, born in 1786 entered into rest in 1868, aged 81 years. The brother, of whom notice is given in the Album, and herself, were the only children. Mr. and Mrs. Holbrook i)egan their domestic life in the little cabin which he had previousl3' erected upon his farm and battled bravely together with the privations and difficulties of pioneer life, but being cheer'^uUy disposed, their trials were not unmixed with pleasure. Greater sociability than is today seen char.actcrized the frontier settlements and each took a kindly interest in the welfare and success of the others; still many obstacles were to be overcome, and it was no easy task to convert the wild land into fertile fields while the farming implements were very crude as compared with the improved ones of today. To illustrate the unsettled condition of the county at that time, one could ride for miles without having to take a circuitous route on account of fences. Indeed, few roads had yet been made and the traveler rode at will over the i)rairies. The thriving little village of Markesan, which is now the home of Mr. Holbrook, had not then been founded, and all supplies were hauled from Milwaukee by oxen, seven to ten days being required to make the trip if the roads and weather were favorable. If no bad luck attended the journey the price paid for the products would pay expenses but did not leave much remaining. Oxen were used almost entirely, both for traveling and farm labor and during the first summer after his arrival IMi'. Holbrook saw but one horse. Little communication was held with the outside world for the postage on a letter was twenty-five ■198 I'ORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. cents and tbe nearest postofflce was at Fox Lake, ten miles avuy. Prospeiitj^ however, has attended the eflforts of Mr. ITolbrook. His diligence and perseverance have at length been rewarded by a handsome competence in the anqnisition of which liis wife has borne no little part. The little log cabin has long since blonibcr, 1H04. He grew to manhood in liis native county and on arriving at years of maturity was united in mar- riage with Miss Maria Roscncrantz, who was born in New Jersey-, just across the line from Oriinge County, N. Y., Oct. 14, 1809. She was of German descent. After their marriage, they began their domestic life in his native countj-, living upon a farm which Mr. Bodle continued to cultivate until atout 18.'i9. when he removed with his family to Luzirne County, Pa. The succeeding nine years of his life were there passed, he again carrying on agricultural ]iursuits until 1848, when with his wife and children he came to liie new State of Wisconsin, settling in what is now Green Lake County, where he entered eighty acres on section 13 in the town of Brooklyn, then a part of Pleasant Valley Town- ship. That farm is still owned by his sons, and is one of the best in the town. Mr. Bodle labored long and earnestly to make for himself and family a home and succeeded in surrounding them with all the comforts which go to make life worth the liv- ing. In early life he supported the M'hig party and pfterwards became a Republican, but never sought or desired official honors, preferring to de- vote his entire attention to his business interests. He was a respected citizen and he and his wife ranked high in the community where they made their home for so many 3-ears. Both were members of the Congregational Church. The deatii of Mr. Bodle occurred on the 28tli of Julv, 187,5. his wife surviving until Sept. 20, 1883, when she too |)assed away. Their loss was sincerely mourned for they harn I in the town of Berlin. Fannie is now the wife of ' John L. Root, and is living in Nepuesken, Winne- bago Co., Wis. I Mr. Burdick is a Republican in politics, and h.as held various otlices of honor and trust. He has PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 501 served as Justice of the Peace several years; Chair- man of his town twenty-five years; Chairman of the County Board two years, and is the present incumbent. He was elected and served one term as a member of the Legislature, in 1870, and for the past eight years has served as a member of the Fox River Flowage Commission for the I'niled (States, which h.as adjusted damages for claimants between Appleton and Montello to the amount of $175,000. equal to about 12 per cent, of the amount of the claims. The total claims made amount to between $2,000,000 and $3,000,000. Between $500,000 and $600,000 still remain to be adjusted. 5Ir. Burdick is an enterprising, public-spirited man, who possesses good executive ability, and makes an efficient and faithful public officer. He is not only one of the oldest settlers of Green Lake County, but is one of the leading farmers, as well as one of the most popular of her many prominent citizens. ■1^^0BERT C. JOHNSON, who resides on sec- llWf tion 34, in the town of Berlin, has been tlim a resident of Green Lake County since ^^ 1 849, covering a period of forty years, and is numbered among the honored pioneers. He has followed fanning and stock-raising for a live- lihood, and is accounted one of the well-to-do cit- izens of the communit}-. He first saw tlie light of day in Rose Township, Wayne County, N. Y., Jan. 12, 1830, being a son of Samuel and Polly (Bed- ient) Johnson. Both were born on Grand Isle in Lake Champlain, the former March 24. 1787, the latter July 23, 1794. On their marriage they set- tled on Grand Isle, from whence they removed to Wayne County, in 1816. continuing. there to make their home until 1833, when they became residents of Niagara County. Leaving the latter in 1849, they came to Green Lake County, and in the town of Berlin Mr. Johnson engaged in farming during the remainder of his life. On the organization of the Republican party he allied himself with that body, but previously had supported the Democratic party. He was a loyal citizen, and in the War of 1812 had taken his brother's place in the ranks. He died Feb, 14, 1865, ',h:s wife surviving until March 13, 1874, when she, too, passed away. They were parents of eight sons and five daughters, seven of whom are living, but onl}' two are resi- dents of Green Lake County. One of the broth- ers. Joshua, died in the Union army in 1862. Our subject was educated in the old time district schools, and when nineteen years of age went to live with a brother, with whom he engaged in farm- ing for about three years, when his brother went to California, lei) ving our subject to manage .all affairs. Having now arrived at mature years, Mr. Johnson, on the 15th of September, 1853, married Eunice H. Abbe\', a native of Cayuga County, N. Y., born Oct. 1 1 , 1 833. Her father, Shubel Abbey, was born May 8, 1788, at Chatham, N. Y., and in 1812 wedded Miss Eunice W. Warren, who vvas born in Schoharie County, N. Y., Jan. 15. 1789. He then bade adieu to his young bride and enlisted in his country's service, his brother also acting as drum- mer boj'. When the war was over he returned to Cayuga County, where they made their home until 1835, at which time they became residents of Or- leans County, whence they emigrated to Wis- consin in 1849. He was a butcher by trade, also engaged in hotel keeping, and during his later years followed the mason's trade. Both died in Jeffer- son County, Wis., Mr. Abliey on the 2d of Febru- ary, 1871, and his wife Jan. 2. 1856. They were highly respected citizens and had many friends in the communit3\ Mrs. Johnson was born on the William II. Sew- ard farm, and in her maidenhood prepared herself for teaching. In 1850 she came to this county, wiiere her sister had previously located, and after teaching for six terms she laid aside her profes- sional duties to assume those of the household. One child blesses the union, a daughter. Nina A. Previous to his marriage Mr. Johnson had entered 160 acres of Government land in Waushara Couut3', and the young couple there began their domestic life. Five years later he came to Green Lake Count}', locating in Berlin, where he now owns 133 acres of fine land. Enterprise and industry are numbered among his chief characteristics and have been important factors in his prosperity. Politi- cally he is a stanch Republican and feels a deep in- terest in the success of that party. He has taken 50-2 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. an active part in Ihe educational interests of the community, held the office of Town Superintend- ent, was Supervisor, has served as town Treasurer for two 3'ears, for eight years has been Assessor, and is the present incumbent. He has discharged his official duties with luomptness and fidelity and is a valued citizen. His life has ever been such as to win the high regard and good wishes of those with whom he has come in contact, and he is num- bered among the liighly respected men of the town of Berlin. eOLUMBUS COOK, who is engaged in farm- . ing on section 9, in the town of Packwau- ___ ' kee, was born in the town of Pine Grove, Warren Co.. Pa., on the lotii of April, 1826, and is of Scottish descent. The branch of the family to wliich he belongs was establislied in America by two brothers, n.atives of Scotland, wlio emigrated to America during the early Colonial days. One of tiiem, Robert Cook, was the grandfather of our subject. The parents of Columbus were Asa and Fanny (Elmer) Cook, the former a native of Mass- achusetts and the latter of Vermont. They were married in Windham County of the Green Moun- tain State, whence they removed to Chautauqua County, N. Y. They did not long remain in the Empire State, however, but with a four ox team — being before the age of railroads — they started for Pennsylvania, settling in Warren County, where thej- made their iiome until death. Both lived to an advanced age. They were the parents of four cliildren. who grew to mature years and are yet living, namely: Lucinda, widow of Alden Marsh, of Wnrren County, Pa.; Robert E., who is now living in Colorado: Columbus, of this sketch; and Eveline G., wife of J.icob M. Frencii, of Plain view, Minn. The early life of our subject was passed in much the usual manner of farmer lads, and the occupa- tion to which he was reared he has made his life work. His education was such as the common sdiDuls of the county afforded fifty years ago, but by subsequent reading and observation he has gained a practical knowledge wliich has been of much use to him in business life and numbers him among the intelligent citizens of this community. He keeps himself well informed on the leading issues of the day. and is thus able to converse upon almost any topic. One of the most important events in the life of Mr. Cook occurred in Chautauqua County, N. Y., on the 12th of May, 1850, when he was united in marriage with Miss Emily H. Newton, who was born in Chittenden County, Vt., Dec. 25, 1828, and is a daughter of John and Eliza AV. (Bid well) New- ton. Her father was a native of Massachusetts and her mother of Franklin County, Vt. They were married in the latter State, and twelve years later settled in Peru, whence they removed to Port County, N. Y , and later became residents of Chau- tauqua County, settling in the town of Ellicott. Their next home was in Bradford Countj', Pa., but later the3' returned to Ellicott, N. Y., where Mr. Newton died in 1869. His wife now finds a pleasant home with the wife of our subject. Mr. and Mrs. Newton were the parents of nine chil- dren, but only three of that number are now living, namely: John W.. Mrs. Cook, and Alelia A., wife of Robert Brad}-, ot Jamestown, N. Y. On the 16th of August, 1856, Mr. Cook, accom- panied by his family, consisting of wife and one child, left his home in Warren Count}', Pa., for Pack- waukee. Wis. He had previously visited in this locality and selected a farm. The long journey was made in a wagon, and four weeks were con- sumed in making the trip. Hardly could the trav- eler of to-day realize the wild and unsettled con- dition of the country at the time of the arrival of our little party. The greater part of the land was still undeveloped, wild game of all kinds was found in abundance, and the Indians yet roamed over the country as their hunting ground. But little im- provement had been made on the farm purchased by Mr. Cook, but he at once began the cultivation and development of his land, and has now a valu- able farm, constituting the quarter-section which he located on his arrival. It is pleasantly situated, and there is found all the necessary improvements, together with many ornamental ones. The home is a neat and substantial dwelling, tastefully fur- nished and filled with the comforts and inanv of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the luxuries which tend to make life worth the living. Three children came to gladden the home by their presence — Frank L., Asa J. and Nettie E. The eldest is now a resident of Forest County, Wis.; the younger son is living in Minor County, Dak., and Nettie is at home. Thus have we given a brief sketch of one of Marquette County's early and most highly esteemed citizens, who for the long period of thirty-three years has been prominently identified with the farm- ing interests of the town of Packwaukee. He has also served his fellow-citizens in ofHcial positions, was Justice of the Peace for two years, has been a member of the Board of Supervisors, and was Dis- trict Clerk. He has given his support to the Re- publican party since its organization, and is one of the stanch advocates of its principles. <-'^'l'f2'- EDWARD McCaffrey, of Montello, is numbered among the early settlers of Mar- quette County of 1850, since whicli time he has been prominently identified with the agricul- tural and commercial interests of the communiiy. He is still owner of considerable farming property, is the popular proprietor of the American House, and to some extent practices law. He is a native of the old Bay State, having been born in Lowell, March 9, 1833, of Irish parentage. His father, Terrence McCaffrey, died when Edward was a lad of eight years, so our subject was early thrown upon his own resources. In his early youth he was employed in the cotton and woolen mills of his native city, but in 1 850, when he had reached the age of seventeen years he determined to leave the East and seek a home in the West, where he believed better opportunities were afforded young men. At Boston he found a party whose destination was Marquette County, Wis., and having as yet no ob- jective point in the West, Mr. McCaffrey was easily induced to join the company and in that way Mar- quette County gained a valuable citizen. Forty years have passed since that time and few railroads had been built west of Buffalo. So the party at that point embarked on a vessel bound for Jlil- waukee and after traversing the Great Lakes reached their destination. They then proceeded overland to Packwaukee and on his arrival Mr. McCaffrey entered a claim of Government", land, which he purchased when it came into market. He there settled, turning his attention to agricultural pursuits and with the growth and development of the town of Packwaukee was identified for many years. He still owns large landed interests in that town, comprising 520 acres of land, while his entire possessions aggregate 840 acres. Mr. McCaffrey, however, has by no means con- fined his attention to agricultural pursuits alone. In 18G1, in company with William C. Rood, he pur- chased the steamer, " Lady Jane," which they ran between Portage and Green Bay for a period of four years. It was then an important business in- dustry and the " Lady Jane," plying up and down the river between the two points mentioned, car- ried immense quantities of grain, lumber and gen- eral freight. On selling his interest in the vessel he engaged in the lumber and grain trade in Pack- waukee and Montello until 1870, and during that time was also engaged in building large barges at Eureka under contract with Nutall, Leonard & Co., of that place, for parties in St. Louis. In 1870 he returned to his farm, which he cultivated until the winter of 1875, when he purchased the American House at Montello, which he has since conducted. It is a leading hotel and his fifteen years of exper- ience have made him familiar with the wants and desires of the public patronage so that the comfort of his guests is always looked after. One of the most important events in the life of Mr. McCaffrey occurred in 1852. In that year he 1 was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Wood, a native of Massachusetts, born in Berkshire County. This worthy couple have many friends in the com- I munity and are hold in high fegard In* all who know them. As stated, Mr. McCaffrey is one of the well known citizens of Marquette County, his long resi- dence and varied and extensive business relations having brought him an extensive acquaintance. He was one of the representative early citizens of Packwaukee and for fifteen years was Chairman of the Board of that town. Politically, he affiliates ; with the Democratic party. Immediately on at- 504 POIITRAIT AND lilOGUAl'HlCAL ALBUM. laining liis majority he was elected Justice of the Peace and has since given considerable attention to thestudj' of law, wliich resulted in his adraission to the bar in 1 870. He practices some in the courts of llic county, but does not care to devote his entire time to that profession. 1^, EV WILLIAM I'HILLll'.v. of Westficloliti- cal affairs, warmly supporting the Republican party, and has often acted as deleg;.tc to the dif- ferent conventions. >Ii-s. Rosebrook, who is a most estimable lady, holds membership in the Congrega- tional Church at Dartford. ?ILSON PIPHER. proprietor of a restaur- ant and dealer in sporting goods, is a lead- ing business man of Berlin. He was born in Northampton County, Pa., April 2;?, l.S:i'.). and is a son of .lohn and .lulia A. (Labar) Pipher. His father was born in the Keystone Slate and belongs to an old Pennsylvania Dutch family ; his mother was also born in that State, but was of French de- scent. Our subject when sixteen years of age removed to Belvidere. N. J., and two years later emigrated to Dodge County. Wis., with his parents, both of whom are still living. His father is one of the leading farmers of Dodge County. Wilson re- mained for two years under the parental roof after coming to this State and was then employed in the .Sherman Eating House at Minnesota .lunction for a year. The succeeding year of his life was spent in the railroad emi)loy. after which he spent six years in the service of the American Express Com- pany, being on the ro.id one year and five years in the offices at La Crosse. Sparta and Watertown, Wis. In 1868 he came to Berlin and in company with Mr. Geo. G. Johnston conducted the Beckwith House a year and a half and on the 16th of De- cember. 1870. embarked in his present business. Mr. Pipher comUicts the most popular resort in his line in the city and has built up a profitJible busi- ness. He w:is a Republican in politics until 1876, when he became dissatisfied with the counting of the presidential ballots, and has since supported the Democracy. t'''l' ^ ->- GRIFFITH .]. WILLIAMS, a resident of , Manchester. Wis., was born in Wales, on 1 the 0th of January, 1830. His boyhood days were unmarked with any event of special im- portance, being passed amid play and work, in the usual manner in which lads generally spent their time. He acquired his education in the common schools, and at the age of nineteen years bade good-bye to friends and native land, and accom- p-nied his parents to America. Crossing the broad. Atlantic he landed on the shores of the New World in May. 184'.t. and continued his journey until reaching Green Lake" County, where he assisted his father in developing a farm from the wild and unbroken prairie. He remained at home upon the farm until 18()0. when on the 9th of June of that year he led to the mnrriage altar Miss Jane Will- iams, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Owens) Williams, who were also natives of Wales, the date of their emigration to America being 1844. They first located in Racine. Wis., but two years later came to Green Lake County, where Mrs. Williams is still living. They were the parents of a large family, numbering fourteen children. To our subject and his worthy wife have been PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. f07 born three children, as follows: John, who married Miss Jane Roberts, and is living in Green Lake County; Winnie, now t' e wife of Richard Thomas, a machinist of Chicago; and Richard, who is still with his parents. In political sentiment, Mr. Will- iams is a Republican, and though he feels a deep in- terest in political affairs lie could not be called a politician, for he has never sought public ollice. Both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and by their many friends and acquaintances are held in the highest regard, their just and upright lives entitling them to the confi- dence and respect of all. Few have so long been residents of Green Lake County as this worthy couple, and in the record of the pioneers we are pleased to enroll their nanu's. Mr. Williams has done all in his power to proiuute thf liest interests of the coramunit3', has faitlifuiiy discharged his duties of citizenship, and has identified himself with all worthy |)ublic enter|)rises. _^I'UGUST MATZ, a well-known citizen and @aJ| ! ])rosperous farmer and stock-raiser of Mar- I li quette County, who resides on section 15, ^ in the town of Sliiehls, is a native of Ger- many, having been born in Prtijisia, Dec. II, 1837. His father, Ludwig Matz, who vvas born in the same kingdom about the year 179;), was one of the well-to-do farmers in the section of the coun- try in which he lived. His parents were also natives of (lernKiiiy.but udthing definitely is known of the more remote ancestors of our subject. Ludwig Matz married Anna Christina Schmidt, a native of Germany, and by tlieir union were born tiiree sons and five daughters of whom August is tiic second in order of birth. The molherdied Aug. 29, 1889, in the faith of the Lutheran Church, of which she had been a member many years. Mr. Matz, Sr., came to America in the summer of 1854, and set- tled on a farm near (lennania, Wis., where he spent the remainder of ids life, a useful and re- spected citizen. He was a pronounced member of the Lutheran Cliurch tlie greater part of his life, and died in full fellowship with that organization in 1887. Our subject passed the days of his boyhood and youth on his father's farm and since attaining to mature years has engaged in agricultural pur- suits as the means of livelihood. He is now the owner of 250 acres of land, seventy of which are under a high state of cultivation. He lias erected good barns and outlniildings and olheiwise im- proved his farm until it is considered one of the best in the conimunity. On tlie 17tli of April, 18G7, Mr. Matz wedded Miss Otilye Tagatz. a native of Germany, by wiioni he had two cliildren — Pauline and Alwine. Tlie molher, who was also a faithful iiu'inlicr of tlie Lutheran Church, was called to her final rest Aug. 25, 1871. Mr. Matz was again married Dec. 7, 1871, his second union being with Julia Tagatz, a native of Blarquette County. Unto them have been born three sons and three daughters, as fol- lows: Adolph, Julius, Anna, Thilde, Lora and August. The last named died March 6, 1875, During the late Civil War, Mr. Matz did honor to himself and the country of his adoption by gal- lantly marching to the front as a member of Com- pany H, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. He participated in the engagement at West Point, Ga., and many other important battles. His term of service con- tinued from Nov. 1, 1864, until July, 18G5, when he was honorably' discharged at Nashville, Tenn. He immediately returned to Marquette County and resumed his chosen occupation of farming, which he continued with a marked degree of success. In politics, he is a stanch Democrat but has never aspired to political notoriety. He has however, served as Supervisor at various intervals for many 3ears. He is an influential member of the Lutheran Church and is justly recognized as one of the lead- ing citizens of tlie comniuiiil\'. >* Ik J. DURHAM, the leading lumber dealer \\4W// ^^ Plainfield, has been a resident of tiiat W^ place since January, 1881, at which time he i)urfhased the lumber yard of Sherman Bard- well. Prominent in business circles, he is recc-g- nized as one of the most enterprising and progres- sive citizens of the county, and as such is held in high esteem by all. He is a native of the Key- 508 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. stone State, having been born in Girard Township. ErieCount3'. in 1850. His father, Benjamin Dur- ham, is a native of New Yori< and with his family moved from Pennsjlvania to Manmee, Lucas Co., Oiiio, where he iieid the position as Superintend- ent of an ore factory for a considerable time. When our subject was a lad of fifteen years the family removed toTomah, Wis., and thence went to La Crosse, where Mr. Durliam, Sr., became pro- prietor of the Eperson House, of whifli he still has charge. In Toniali, W. .1. Durham attended school for about two years, and then served an apprentice- ship in the flouring-mill of George Runkle. When twenty years of age he went to Ft. Scott, Kan., where he was engaged in the capacity of a miller uniil March, 1879, when after eight months' ab- sence he returned to Tomah to visit his friends. While at liome, an opportunity presented itself which promised bettor than his work in Kansas. I). .1. Spaulding was at that time erecting a mill in Black River Falls, and desired to engage Mr. Dur- ham as book-keeper. The latter had pursued a course of book-keeping while a student in Tomah, and believing himself competent to occupy the pro- fered position, he accepted and entered the employ of Mr. Spaulding witli whom he remained for two years; at the end of that time his employer having established a sawmill in Unity, Wis., Mr. Durham was placed in ch.argc and since that time has been constantly engaged in lumbering. His business in Northern Wisconsin was quite prosper- ous and lucrative and it w.as only to afford his children better social and educational advantages, that he relinquisiied his labors in that section and came to Plainfield. Mr. Durham was marrieil in 187.'} to Miss Lo- raiue Spaulding, a sister of D. .1. Spaulding. She was born in Black River Falls. Her father Jacob Spaulding was a well-known pioneer of that place. They have three children, a son and tno daughters, Frank, Jennie and Minnie. They lost their eldest child, Roland, who died at the age of four and one-half years. Mr. Durham Is a pub- lic-spirited and entei prising citizen who takes a commendable interest in every enterprise which tends to promote the general welfare of the com- munity in which he makes his home. As a busi- ness man, he is energetic and successful. In politi- cal sentiment he is a Republican and in his social relations is a Mason, and a charter member of the Modern Woodmen, Taber Camp No. 1,223. r_^ENRY DAXTZ, of Princeton, Green Lake |ljjK County, h.as been a resident of Wisconsin (^^^ since the territorial days, having settled in '^> Columbia County in 1844. He is a native of the Empire State, and a son of John and Fannie (Hubbard) Dantz, the former a native of Germany and the latter born of English parentage. John Dantz was a Hessian soldier, and during the Rev- olutionary War was brought to America to aid the English in their attempt to subjugate the Colonies. When the struggle was over he determined to make his home In this country, and for man}' years en- gaged in milling, which trade he learned in his native Ismd. He also followed farming for a part of the time. At the time of his death, which oc- curred in the spring of 1836. he was a resident of Ontario County, N. Y., and his remains were in- terred in the cemetery- at West Richmond. After the death of her husband Mrs. Dantz went to Rochester, where she made her home with her daughter until she too passed away. Both were highly respected citizens, and there reared their family of seven childien, all of whom grew to man- hood and womanhood, trained to habits of indus- try and morality. Henry Dantz is now in the eighty-sixth year of his age. He was born or\, the 8th of September. 1804, in Essex County, N. Y., and in the common schools of the neighborhood acquired his education, though his advantages were quite limited. At the early age of seven 3'ears he began life for himself, acting as chore boy for a man in whose emjiloy he remained for two years. When nine years of age he was apprenticed to the trade of cloth-making In the town of Poultney, Vt., where he remained for twelve years. He thoroughly mastered the trade of cloth manufacturing, becoming familiar with its every detail, and was an efficient workman. After PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 509 leaving Poultney he trareled as a journevman for three or four years, after which he went to New Yoric, continuing in the same line of business as an employe for the two succeeding years. He tlien determined that his labors should be for himself .Tnd not in the interest of others, so he opened an establishment for the manufaclnre of cloth in New York, where for eight years he did a lucrative business. Attracted by the brilliant prospects of the West, he then disposed of his interests in the Em|>ire State and emigrated to Wisconsin. That was in the year 1844. On the 20th of January previous, he was united in marriage with Miss Maliala Farrington and. accompanied by his 3'oung bride, started for the far country, as it was then considered. Railroads had not yet spanned tlie continent, and as d.ays, and often weeks, were re- quired in making the trip the distance seemed very gi'eal. The young couple settled in Columbia County, where Mr. Dantz pre-empted 160 acres of wild land. He was the first settler in the town of Ran- dolph. He built a little log cabin, which is yet staniling as a memento of pioneer da3's, and then began the development of a farm. The task was an arduous one, but for six 5-ears he engaged in the cultivation of the land which iie secured on his ar- rival. At the end of that time he came to Green Lake County, settling in Dayton Township, now the town of Green Lake. He there purcliased eighty acres of land, upon whicli the work of culti- v.ataion and improvement had been hardly begun, and together with his efforts towarii its develop- ment had charge of a tavern. His home being situated at the "four corners" and on the main traveled road north to Milwaukee, he entertained all visitors from Ripon, Markesan, Princeton and Kingston. The Dantz Tavern gained a wide repu- tation and there for twenty years our subject ex- [ tended his hospitality to the wayfarer. His farming 1 interests also prospered and to his original purchase i he added twenty-two acres, all of which he placed under a high state of cultivation. Finding his task too arduous for one of his age and having acquired sufficient means to enable him to lay aside all care, in 1870, Mr. Dantz removed to Princeton. The habit of uidustry was so inwrouo;ht into his nature. however, that he could not at once lay aside all business, and for a year he engaged in the grocery trade, but since that time he has lived in the enjoy- ment of the fruits of former years. In 1880 Mr. Dantz was called upon to mourn the loss of his loved wife, who died on the 13th of July. She was a most estimable lady, loved and revered by all, and the sympathy of the entire community was extended to the bereaved family. Three children have blessed the union, but the two eldest, William Wallace and Henry M., are now deceased. lone, the daughter, is now the wife of Charles Bentley, who resides in Kansas City, Mo. During almost his entire residence in Green Lake County, Mr. Dantz has served as a public officer. While living in Green Lake Township, he served as Justice of the Peace for fifteen years, for the same length of time was Pathmaster and for one year was Supervisor, and since his removal to Princeton has been Justice of the Peace for six years. He manifests a deep interest in political affairs, and is a faithful adherent of the Democratic party. He was Postmaster eight years previous to Lincoln's administration. -r^i^r ATIIAN W. TAYLOR, a leading citizen of Green Lake County, is engaged in farm- ing on section 4 in the town of Brook- lyn. His possessions now comprise 380 acres of fine land, constituting one of the best homes in the community. The entire amount is under cultiva- tion. The many improvements which have been m.ide. the excellent grades of stock there raised, and the well tilled fields all indicate the care and supervision of one who thoroULihly understands his l)usiness, and possesses great enterprise and dili- gence. For thirty-three years he has been a resi- dent of the town of Brooklyn, and is accounted one of its best farmers and most influential citizens. Mr. Taylor was born in Orange County, N. Y., Dec. 19, 1838. His paternal grandfather was of New England birtli. He was born in 1789, and served his countr}^ in the AVar of 1812. He mar- ried Nellie Courtwright. who was of English and i 510 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. German parentage, and they passed their entire wedded life in Oiansfe County, both dying at an advanced age. Our subject was tlie only child of his parents. When but four years old. he went to live with his paternal grandfather, where he made his home until seventeen years of age. He attended school but a few months during each year, and at the age of thirteen began working as a farm hand by the month. In 1H56 Charles 1). McConnell, of the town of Brooklyn, who had formerly been a resi- dent of Orange County, N. Y.. returned to his old home on a visit, and while there made arrangements with our subject to return with him to Wisconsin, where he workeil for Mr. McConnell for a year. Being pleased with the country. Mr. Taylor re- mained and was in the employ of IMr. Wm. N. McConnell for seven years, at the end of which time, with the money which he had saved from his earn- insis, he purchased eighty acres of land in the town of Brooklyn. He had only money enough to make a partial payment, going in debt to the amount of ^1,100. It was not long before he had paid off his indebtedness, and as his financial resources in- creased he added to his land, until it now com- piises 380 acres. He is truly a self-made man, and deserves no little credit for the degree of success to which he has attained. Upon the 31st of December, 1866, Mr. Taylor led to the marriage altar Miss Kate Durl.and, a na- tive of Orange County, N. Y., l)orn Aug. 2, 18-10. Her parents were Samuel C. and Catharine (Mann- ing) Durland, and when Kate was a child they re- moved to Luzerne Count}-, Pa., nuaking that their home until 1866, when the}- came to this count}'. The father died at the age of sixty six years, but his wife is still living at the advanced age of seven- ty-nine. They were tiie |)arents of eight children, Mrs. T.aylor being the fifth in order of birth. By her marriage she has a family of six children: Myrtle N., who died at the age of nineteen years; William M., Mary and Myra, twins, Jennie E. and Gracie. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor h;ive a pleasant home upon their farm, where they are surrounded by all the comforts of life. He is a Republican in politics, and cast his first Presidential vote for Lincoln. Soci:il- \y, he is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and his wife is a communicant of the Methodist Church. He has been honored with several local offices of trust, was Treasurer of the School District for twenty-one years, for eight terms served as Side Supervisor, and he is now Chairman of the Town Board. «I^AELOROUS ROOT, owner and proprietor of ^j// the new hotel of Darlford. Wis., was born ^ in Otsego County. N. Y., .Inly 1 1. 18i>0. and is a son of Truman and Alvira (Harrington) Root. Not much is known of the early history of the fam- ily. The father was a native of Massachusetts and when a young man removed to New York, where he married Miss Harrington, a native of Otsego County. The Harrington family was one of the first to settle in Milwaukee, and Perry G. Harring- ton, a kinsman of our subject, served in the State legislature. Mrs. Root died in the i)rinie of life in her native county, leaving five children, three sons and two (laughters. She was a member of the Chris- tian Church, and her loss was deeply deplored by her many friends. In early life, Mr. Root learned the trade of a carpenter and joiner. He carried on a cabinet making shop in New York and in connec- tion with that business engaged in wool carding and cloth dressing. He was a second time married, the lady of his choice being Ruth Gardner. Both died in the Empire State at an advanced age, he in the faith of the Universalist Church, of which he was a member. Unto them had been born seven children. Our subject was the third child born to Truman and Eliza Root. He acquired his education in the district schools, but at the early age of fourteen 3'ears began learning the cabinet maker's trade, at which he worked for .ibout thirteen years. He thoroughly mastered the business in that time and bi'ing an expert workman could command good wages. However, he decided to try his fortune in the West and in the year 1845 emigrated to Mil- waukee, Wis., but soon afterward removed to Elk- horn, where the two succeeding years of his life were passed. In the earh (lavs of 1847. Mr. Root became a PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 511 resident of Green Lake County, and on the 14tli of February, of that year, led to the marriage altar Miss Sybil M. Westcott. a native of Otsogo County. N. Y. Theirs was the third wedding celebrated in the town of Brooklyn. Klsewhere in this slieteh we give the family history of Mrs. Root. The young couple began their domestic life upon a farm in the town where tliey were married and unto them there was born a family of five children: Frances E. is the wife of Lucius Thomas, by whom she has one child; Floyd L. married Annie Taggart and lias four chil- dren ; Flavius E. wedded Mary Howell and their union has been blessed with two children; Miron and Jessie are at home. In 1881, Mr. Root erected the Root Hotel, which lias since been operated bj- some member of the family, he being the present proprietor. He makes a popular landlord .and the Root hotel has gained a reputation with the traveling public of which many a larger institution of the kind miglit well be proud. He pays careful attention and consider- ation to the wants of his customers and has there- fore won tlieir good will and wishes. In connection with his hotel property he is the owner of 105 acres of fine land about three miles northeast of Dartford. Mr. Root h.as made what he has by his own efforts and deserves no little credit for his success in over- coming the obstacles and difficulties whicii have ob- structed his path. He has served his town as Sup- ervisor for one term and in political sentiment is a Democrat. The Westcott family of which Mrs. Root is a member, was founded in America at an early day by Stukley Westcott, a native of P^ngland, who emigrated to this country and settled in one of the New England States. His son Reuben, grandfather of Mrs. Root, was a Massachusetts farmer. He mar- ried Susan Levings, and unto them was born a fam- ily of twelve children. In an early day they re- moved to Otsego County, X. Y.. being numbered among its pioneer settlers. Mrs. Root's grandfather Russell was born in Connecticut. His father was a native of Ireland, and accompanied by his family crf)ssed the Atlan- tic to America, but died soon after his arrival, leaving three children, one of whom, William, was apprenticed to a slioemaker. He followed that trade throughout his entire life. When the Revolution- arv AVar broke (mt. he entered the service as an of- ficer's servant, but .as soon as he was old enough enlisted in the ranks, continuing to tight for the cause of freedom until the armies were victorious. After the close of tlie War, he was made captain of a company of militia. He wedded Sybil Crosby, by whom he had six children, Mrs. Root's mother being the fifth in order of birth. The family re- moved to Otsego County, N. Y.. and were numbered itmong its early settlers. Andrew Westcott, father of Mrs. Root, was born in the old Bay State in 1796, but when u young man emigrated to Otsego Counl}\ N. Y., where he became .acquainted with and married Miss Hannah Russell, who was born in Vermont in 1800. but during her infancy was brought by her parents to Otsego County. In 1845 they left the East and cast their lot with the pioneer settlers of Wiscon- sin, locating in Waushara County, but the follow- ing spring located on a farm on section 10 in the town of Brooklyn, Green Lake County. Mr. West- cott was not long permitted to enjoy his new home. He died in 1849 and was the first person buried in the Dartford Cemetery. His wife was called to her final rest the following year. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and active work- ers in the Master's vineyard. In their family were four children, three sons and one daughter, who became the wife of our suliject. \fl EWIS HENRY COVILLE, who is exten- ll (f§. sively engaged in stock-raising and dairying Jl^ -- ^ on a line grazing farm of 120 acres situated on section 10 in the town of Warren, Waushara County, is a native of New York. He was born in the town of Coventry, Chenango County, on tiie •22nd of May, 1838, and is of English and Welsh extraction. His paternal grandfather was a native of Wales, from which country he emigrated to Canad.a. where he spent the remainder of his life. His maternal grandfather, Jose|>h Foote, a native of Massachusetts, fought for American iude|)end- ance. He was only sixteen years of age when .as a drummer boy he enlisted in his country's service. 512 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. For six yecirs he served under llie immediate com- mand of Gen. Washington, with wliom lie was per- sonally- acquainted, and at the dose of the war was mustered out .as orderly sersjc-jnl. He then settled in New Ycn-k. wiiere he spent the remainder of his days, dying at the advanced age of one luindred 3'ears, three months and sixteen days. Simeon Coville. the father of our subject, was prohably born in Canada in 1794, and was there reared to nianliood, but when the War of 1812 broke out he was drafted into the Britisli service, and his sympathies being enlisted with the Ameri- can people, he deserted and came to the United States, joining the American forces, with which he fought until the close of the war, although he never regularlj- enlisted. He also had four broth- ers who deserted the British service and crossing the line into this country defended the stars and stripes. When the war was over he settled in New York, where he became .acquainted with and mar- ried Abigail Foote, who was born near the city of Hudson in 1796. During the early history- of Wisconsin, accompanied by his family he emi- grated to this .State, and became tlie second settler in tlie town of Ashiton, Dodge County. The countr}' was then almost in its primitive condition, and the family shared in tlie trials and privations incident to pionear life. They afterward removed to Adams Count}', and about the time of the breaking out of the Civil War became residents of Waushara County, but at tlie close of that strug- gle Simeon Coville and his wife removed to Wau- kesha County, where they made their home with their daughter, Mrs. Dorcas Robinson, until death. The husl)and die ..o^o-i^-ir^-o^o .<,- ^^HOMAS W. SPENCER, who resides on (u^^ section 16 in the town of Oasis, has been ^^^P' prominently connected with the upbuilding of Waushara County since 1858. At the time of liis arrival the work of cultivation and progress had been carried forward to but a limited degree, the greater part of its growth and development having taken place since tliat time. For miles lie could ride across the prairies with no fence or house to obstruct his progress, and travel through forests which were still in their primitive condition. But a few years had elapsed since the Indians had left for the land beyond the Mississippi and the number of white settlers in the State did not exceed the population of many of the counties of the present day. The birth of Mr. Spencer occurred in .January. 1818, iu Pennsylvania, but when two years old he was taken by his parents, Ezra and Polly (Whitney) Spencer, who were also natives of Pennsylvania, to Rutland County, Vt., where they spent their last days. The family to which our subject belongs once numbered ten children, but he has only one sister now living — Mrs. Angeline Allen, of Salis- bury, Vt. Such education as Thomas Spencer acquired was obtained in the district schools of Rutland Countj', but at an early age he began earning his own livelihood. When a lad of fifteen years he was apprenticed to the trade of a wheel- wright, but ere his term had expireil he was badly ])oisoned by paints and was unable to serve out his time. After regaining his health he learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed for many years, both in the East and after his emigration to Wisconsin. In 1840 he went to St. Lawrence County. N. Y., where he formed the acquaintance of Miss Martha Page and, their friendsliip ripening into love, they were united in marriage Oct. 26, 1843. The lady was born in St. Lawrence County, Sept. 20, 1823, but her parents, Uavid and Maria (Williams) Page, were natives of Vermont. They died in Potsdam, N. Y., and were mourned by many warm friends. Eight children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Spencer, namely: Lucy, wife of Walter Spaulding. a farmer of the town of Oasis; Rosa, wife of George Willis, a resident farmer of Eldora Township, Fond (lu Lac County; ivollin, whose home is in Llano ! County, Tex. : Albert, a carpenter of the State of Washington ; Eugene at home ; Herbert who died at the age of nineteen years; Flo'-a, also deceased; and one child who died in infancy. The father of Mr. Spencer purchased 900 acres of land in Wisconsin, which he divided among his children, and in 1858, our subject came to Wau- shara County to take possession of his tract of eighty acres. In connection with farming, he has worked at the carpenter's trade and built many of the farm residences in this community. By his support and influence given to public enteri)rises he has also aided in the upbuilding of the county which has so long been his home. For many years he has been a member of the Methodist Epi,scopal Church and his wife, who belongs to the same organization, has been a faithful teacher in the Sunday-school. Each Sunda}- finds her at her (ilace in the house of worship and in many j'oung minds she has sown the seeds of truth and upright- ness which have brought forth beautiful fruit. Mr. I Spencer and his worthy wife are now passing down I the hill of time. In their earlier years, by their 526 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. industry and diligeuce, they acquired a comfortable competence wliicli provides for all their wants in tlieir declining years, and in peace and quiet they are now awaiting the call to the better land. it^-.„^OX. J. K. WALKER, a farmer of the town J^j^l of Oasis, residing on section 22. is num- 'k^ bered among the early settlers of Waushara V^J County, having made his home in this . om- munity for tlie long period of thirty-four years. He was born in Poland, Maine, on the otli of August, 1810, and is the son of James P. and Joanna (.Snell) Walker, who were also natives of the Pine Tree State and were of English descent. His paternal grandfather was descended from the Puritans and his maternal grandfather was a Massa- chusetts farmer. James P. Walker was also a farmer by occupation, he following that business throughout his entire life. He came to Waushara County, Wis., in 1860, and settled in Wautoma, where both he and his wife spent their last days, the husband dying in 1874. at the age of eighty years, while his wife passed aw.iy in 1879, at the age of eighty-two years. Their family numbered eight cliildren as follows: Curtis, who came to Waushara County, in 1856, and died in Plaintield, Wis., in February, 1886; J. K., of this sketch: Phineas, who died in Wautoma in June, 1882; Delany, who died in Maine at the age of nineteen years; Harriet and Kmily, both of whom died in Maine; Francis A., a resident farmer of llie town of Oasis, Waushara County ; Llewellyn S., a |)ronii- nent merchant of Plainfield. The subject of this sketch in his boyhood days attended the common schools of his native count}', .and aided his father in the labors of the farm. He remained at home until t^venty years of age when he started out in life for himself, and for two and a half years worked as a farm hand by the month. He was industrious and economical and with the wages received he purchased a farm near his boy- hood home. Shortly afterwards he married .Miss Rosella S. Merrill, the wedding taking place on the 8th of Octolier, 1843. The lady is a native of Cumberland County. Me., and a daughter of Ed- ward and Phcfibe Merrill. The young couple began their domestic life on the farm which Mr. Walker purchased and their home was blessed with the presence of four children there born unto them. Alonzo H., their eldest, is a leading merchant of Wautoma; Delany is living in Plainfield; Ida M. is the wife of W. G. Trautman, a flour and feed merchant of Grafton, N. D. ; Edgar S. died in in- fanc}'. Another child, Eddie, was born to them in Waushara County, and is at home with his parents. From time to time Mr. Walker bad receive.D BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. yooi^er; Caroliiie is a teacber in Cairoll CoDege. I disooaragcd. be set to »o(fc to retrieve his ket pos- In Waukesha: Bantabas K. owns and occupies the old homestead farm: and Elizabeth is ei^aged in teaching in Oswego, Kan. The two deceased are Edward and Catherine, who died in New Jer- sev io earlr life. T=^ ENJAMIN S. WILBER is the leading mer- les chant of the village of Packwaukee. where /®) I he has been eng^iged in business since 187i'. ^^f He is a native of the Empire i«tate. having been bom in Albany Connlj-. in 1S41. In 1855. bis father. Simpson Wilber. removed with his fomilv to Walworth Coanty. Wis., where he pur- chased a farm, but two years later sold oat and re- moved to the town of Xew Haven. Adams C ounty. He then again purchased land and also bought a half interest in the mercantile establishment owned by his son. Henry A., whu had preceded the family to Adams County, and for two years hid been en- gaged in business in the village of Big Spring. The death of the father occurred on the 16th of July. 1S79. and his wife survived him only about six months. They were the parents of ten children, six of whom are yet living : Henr\-. the eldest son. returned to Albany County. X. Y.. where he still makes bis home: Mary, wife of Stephen Griffith, is living near Aberdeen. Edmunds. Co.. S. D: Ira. a fanner, is living in Big Spring. Adams County: Elizabeth and her family resi«le in Big Spring: Maggie is the wife of S. S. Landt, who is the present County Treasurer of Adams County. The subject of this sketch is the fifth in order of birth of the surviving members of his father's family. He was a lad of fourteen years when his parents left the Empire State, and since that time he has made his home in Wisconsin. He was reared to mercantile pursuits, and in his father's store learned the methods and systems of business. To- gether they engaged in merchandising until I S6S. when he liought out Mr. Wilber's interest, and afterwards erected a store and also a residence. He carried oo operations in Big Spring until 1879. when a destructive fire caused him to loee neariy all that he had accumulated in years past But not sessions, and in 1879 came to Packwaukee. where be established in business as a general merchant. He has been very sncce^ful in his undertakings, and is regarded as one of the leading merchants in Marquene Coanty. His slock of goods b valued at #7.00<.*. and he also owns a store building, and nice residence property. By strict attention to all details and systematic business methods, be has built up a fine trade, and by fair and honest dealing and courteous treatment to all. has won the confi- dence and high r^ard of his many patrons and ac- quaintances. In 186i. Mr. Wilber was united in marriage with Miss Ella Ottman. daughter of Rev. David Ottman. one of the eariy settlers of Walworth Coanty. who passed to his final rest many years since. Their union has been blessel with three children: Ruby R. wife of Frank Welch : Matthew and Benjamin K The Wilber household is noted for its hospi- tality, and the family holds a high position in the social worid. Mr. Wilber is public spirited and prt^ressive. and is one of the representative and valued citizens of the countv. 'f OHX GODS<:»N. who is engaged in general il: farming and stock-raising on section 14. in ^^il the town of Marion. Waushara Countj-, is of l^lf English birth. He was bom in Warwick- shire. May 27. 1 8*4. and is a son of John and Ann ( Archer) Godson, who were natives of the same county. Their family of sis children comprised the following persons: Sarah, wife of Leonard Bohner. of Oxfordshire. England : Thomas, a resi- dent of Newark. N. J.: William, who is living in Bloomfield. Waushara County: John of this sketch: Edmond. of Warwickshire. England: and .\nn. whose home is in Waushara Coanty. Mr. and Mrs. Godson were meml>ers of the Church of England. Their entire lives were passed in Warwickshire, and in that county they were laid to rest when their journey on earth was over. Tbeir youngest daughter remained with them until they were called home, tenderiy caring for them in their last days. John Godson, whose name heads this notice, has PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 531 followed farming thonghout his entire life. He was reared to that occupation, and since attaining his uisjoritj- has made it his business. His early life was unmarked by any event of special iroporl- ance. but when a young man of twenty -seven ye.irs he crossed the Atlantic to seek a home in America. After many days spent u\K>n the water, he landed in New York, and the same year, 1851, located in Ulster County, N. Y.. on the Hudson River. Know- ing himself dependent upon his own exertions for a livelihood, he at once began the se-irch for em- ployment and secured a [losition as farm band, in which position he served until 1855. when he re- solved to try his fortune in the West, and came to Waushara County. He has never yet had occasion to rcsret the step then taken, for he has been suc- cessful in his business enterprises, and has become one of the prosperous farmers of the community. In 1858. he purchased a farm in the town of Bloom field of 160 .icres. which he developed intoa highly cultivated tract. On that place was a sugar orch- ard which was used by the Indians. While there residing he tapped 1.500 trees, and made from 1,000 to 2.000 pounds of sugar per season. On selling his first farm, he purchased forty acres of land on section 14, in the town of Marion, in July. 1881, but is now the owner of eighty acres of valuable land, which pays a golden tribute to the care and cultivation which he bestows upon it. In political sentiment. Mr. Godson is a Repub- lican, and a warm advocate of the party principles. He leads a life of usefulness, giving his influence and support to all that pertains to the upbuilding of the county and its best interests, and is a man of sterling worth. ^i^DWARD R. HUMPHREY, one of the ex- 1^ tensive land owners, and Clerk of the Court J' — ^ of Waushara County, resides on section 10. in the town of Spring Water. He has passed al- most his entire life in this community. He was born in Waukesha County, on the 29th of January. 1854. and the same year was brought by his par- ents, Robert and Mary (Hughes) Humphrey, to Waushara County. His father wa- hum in Wales. and in 1841, emigrated to the United States, be- coroiog a resident of Waukesha County, where, in the month of August, 1847, he was united in mar- riage with Miss Hughes, who was also a native of Wales. Unto them were born eight children, four of whom lived to adult age: John who married Margaret Williams, and is living in this county; Catherine: Edward R., and Mary, of Chicago. The parents of this family were both members of the Congregational Church, in which Mr. Humph- rey held the office of De.acon for forty years. They were faithful workers in the Master's vineyard, and the earnest and consistent lives which they led won them the love and respect of all with whom thej- came in contact. Reared to manhood in Waushara County when it w.is situated on the frontier. Ed- ward Humphrey has witnessed the greater part of its growth and development, and has been promi- nentlj- connected with its agricultural interests. He received a common-school education, and being of studious habits and ambitious to learn, soon mas- tered the studies there taught, after which he en- gaged in teaching, following that profession during the winter for nine seasons. In the summer months he worked upon his farm, and is now the owner of 400 acres of land. 200 of which are under a high state of cultivation. His possessions have been ac- quired entirely through his own efforts, and he is regarded as one of the leading young farmers of the community. He is energetic, entertains pro- gressive ideas, possesses good business ability, and will no doubt become one of the wealthy citizens of Central Wisconsin. On the 4lh of March, 1881. Mr. Humphrey was joined in wedlock with Miss Jennie Jones, a daugh- ter of the Rev. Timothy Jones, of Big Rock. III. She was born in 1859, .ind after about three years and a half of happy wedded life, was called to her final rest, passing away on the 7th of October, 1884. .She was a member of the Congregational Church, and her death was sincerely mourned by many friends as well as her immediate family. In political sentiment. Mr. Humphrey is a Re- publican, and a warm advocate of the party prin- ciples. He h.is served .as Town Treasurer for one ye:ir. was Town Clerk for four years, and in 1886 was nominated by his party for the office of Clerk 532 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. qf the Court, of Wausliar.i County. When the re- turns were brought in. it was founfl that he was elected by a handsome majority, and so well did he discharge the duties of the office, that he was re-elected in 1888, and is now serving his fourth year in tliat position. W^ KHRY H. TUCKER, wlio resides on sec- il I lion \'2. ill the town of Green Lake. Green ^^\^ 'Lake County, has long been a resident of |L this community. He has witnessed much of the growtli and progress of the count}', has | aided in the development of its wild prairie land into lieautiful homes and farms and has been prom- inent in the promotion of its leading interests, thus linking his name inseparablj- with its history. In Tompkins. N. Y., on Oct. II, 1833, be was born unto Benjamin and Catherine (Fortner) Tucker, being the eldest of a family of three chil- dren. The other members are J. Harry, who is now employed as a station agent in Iowa; and Olive, wife of Parks Wilson. The parents were also natives of the Empire State but, during the early days of the settlement of Wisconsin, they left their eastern home and emigrated to Green Lake County, being numbered among its pioneers. At the lime of his arrival, Mr. Tucker was offered land adjoining the city of Ripon for H an acre. He, however, did not long remain, but returned to New Y'ork. His death occurred later and his wife departed this life in 185.i. The subject of this sketch was reared to farm life and received such educational advantages as the schools afltorded. On the death of his mother, he went to live with an uncle but was treated harshly and compelled to labor early and late. In the course of time, he began to work as a farm hand and in that way acquired the money which paid his pas- sage to Green Lake County in 18.5!. Hearing of the brillimt opportunilits afforded by the new and growing West, he determined to try his fortune upon its broad prairies, and has never yet had oc- casion to rigret the step. He began life in this State as a teamster in the employ of N. G. Lyman, with whom he remained eight years. He then de- cided to turn his attention to agricultural pursuits and bought 40 acres of land in this county, but soon afterward he sold out and in 1859, removed to Minnesota,where he bought a farm of 200 acres. He was not ple.osed with the countr}' in that State and that same year returned to his old home, again be- coming owner of that 40 acre tract which he had first purchased. During the winter of 1862-63. he engaged in feeding cattle in Illinois, and on his re- turn the following spring began the cultivation of his land. He is now the owner of one of the best farms of the commui.it}', comprising 200 acres, as the result of his industry, perseverance, good busi- ness ability- and fair and honest dealing. In 1870, Mr. Tucker was united in the holy bonds of malriinoiiy with Miss Carrie Schmool, who w.as born in Germany in 1852, but came to America with her parents when a little child. Their union h.as been blessed with four children, three of whom are yet living, as follows: Maggie, Howard and Zettie. The second child, Frank, died wlien a boy. Mr. Tucker supports the Re- publican party ami witli liis family is held in high regard. OIIN ,1. WOOD, Jk., attorncy-at-law of Berlin, Wis. was born at Dakins .Mills, now Neshkoro, Marquette Co. Wis., Feb. 13. !|^j// 1859, and is a son of John J. and Joanna (Sanders) Wood, pioneer settlers of that place. The sketch of the father and grandfather of our subject appears elsewhere in this volume. Jlr. Wood received a common-school education and fitted himself for teaching, in which vocation he embarked in the winter ^!?K ' < ■ //^ HARLES W. BABCOCK, who resides on i|[ section 19, in the town of Packwaukee, Mar- "^^^ quette County, traces his ancestry back to three brothers of ilnglish birth, wlio left their home across the waters and came to America dur- ing the early days of its history. One of that number settled in Canada, and the other two in Connecticut, and it is from one of the latter that our subject is descended. Elisha Babcock, the pa- ternal grandfather of Charles W., was a native of Connecticut and removed from that State to the town of Exeter, Otsego Co., X. Y., where he made his home upon a farm until his death. He was the father of five sons and five daughters, four of whom, one son and tiiree daughters are yet living. One member of the above mentioned family, Amasa Babcock, is the father of him whose name heads this sketch. He was born in Connecticut on the 4th of May, 1803, and was a mere child at the time of tlie removal of his parents to Otsego County, N. Y. In his youth he learned the trade of a machinist and millwright and was also an ex- pert carpenter. On the 14th of May, 1823, he married Miss Betsy Angel, a native of the Empire State, and about eight years later removed to Yates County, N. Y., and afterward to Steuben County, where the family lived until their emigration to Wisconsin, in 1857, when they settled on section 14. in the town of Packwaukee, Marquette County. In the fall of 1863, Mr. Babcock sold his farm and removed to the village of Packwaukee, wliere he engaged in wagon-making for some years. His death occurred Aug. 23, 1881, and his wife died Jan. 15, 1882, at the home of her daughter in Kan- sas. They had three cliildron. but one son is now deceased. Charles W. Baccock, whose name heads this notice, was born in Otsego County, N. Y., July 14, 1832, and when nearing man's estate began the study of dentistry in Markesan, Green Lake County, the family having previously emigrated to tlie West. AVhen he considered that he had suffi- ciently mastered the profession, he entered upon its practice, which he continued until the spring of 1861. He had been watching the progress of events in the South with interest and had deter- mined if necessary to strike a blow in defense of his country's cause, so when Ft. Sumter was fired upon and the thunder of its guns called all loyal men to arms, he laid aside the peaceful pursuits of life and on the 22d of May, 1861, enlisted in Com- pany E. 7th Regiment Wisconsin Infantry. The company was known as the Marquette Sharp Shooters. About two weeks after his enlistment he led to the marriage altar Miss Mary Goodwell. who accompanied him to the field. She was im- bued with a spirit of patriotism and resolved to go with her husband to the front to do what she could to minister to the comfort of those who were fight- ing for the preservation of their country, but she soon fell a sacrifice to her loyalty ,dying of typhoid pneumonia at Arlington Heights, New Year's Day of 1862. The service to which Mr. Babcock was assigned was that of Hospital Steward, but the rigor and hardships of war undermined his constitution and in Philadelphia, on the 14th of October, 1862, he was discharged on account of piiysical disabil- ity. Immediately afterward, Mr. Babcock returned to his home in Packwaukee, and on the 5th of July, 1863, was united in marriage with Miss Catherine Green. His health gradually improved and as he became physically stronger the desire to again cuter the service returned. The war was then rag- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ing in all its terror and the Nation had need of all its patriotic sons if it would crush out the hydra- headed monster, rebellion, which threatened its life, so Mr. Babcoek again offered his services and Nov. 24, 1864. joined his old companions and en- tered into active service with his regiment, taking part in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsyl- vania. North Ann, South Ann. Cold Harbor and Weldon Railroad. At the close of the war he was again on detached service. Ills final discharge took place on July 3, 18G5 in Jeffersonvillc, Ind., and he now willingly returned home, conscious of hav- ing done his duty and aiding in the grand results brought .about by that struggle. When Mr. Babcoek again resumed business he engaged in wagon-making with his father, with whom he continued operations for five years, when he engaged in carpentering and masonry until 1881. He was an expert workman and earnestly desiring to please his customers won a liberal patronage. At length he resumed his old occupation of farm- ing, purchasing his present farm in the town of Packwaukee, in 1883. The well-tilled fields, many improvements, good barns and outbuildings .and t.asty residence conveniently situated near the vil- lage of Packwaukee. all indicate the owner to be a man of enterprise and ability who will suffer no needed improvement to go undone while he h.as the power and means to bring it about. Mr. Babcoek was again called upon to mourn the loss of his wife who died on the 1 0th of August. 1879. leaving two children — Grant, w!io was born May 14, 1864; and Ruth, .Sept. 17, 1866 Ruth became the wife of Augustus Johnkie. March 22. 1887. and is living in Westfield. Wis. On the 30th of March, 1880. our si'bject wedded Miss Carrie Green, a sister of his second wife, who was born in Wood County. Ohio, July 17, 1836, and came to Wisconsin with her father when fourteen years of age. Both her parents are now deceased. Mr. Babcoek is an honored member and the present Commander of J. C. Miller Post, (i. A. R. of Oxford, and in politics, is a stalwart Republican. He is a representative farmer and a worthy and re- spd'ted citizen and has a record as a soldier, of which he may "cU be proud. He takes an active intcicst III whatever tends to [)romiite the welfare of the community in which he lives, and is a warm friend of the cause of temperance and of other en- terprises calculated to advance the moral and intel- lectual growth of the |iublic. |r=5)D\VARD T. FRANK is engaged in the gro- Ife eery business at Princeton. Wis., and also / i- TT^ holds the position of express agent. In the month of June. 1885. he eniliarked in the former pursuit, and has been quite successful in his under- taking. He carries all kinds of goods found in sucli an establisliment. and in quality they are first- class. His earnest desire to please his customers and careful attention to their wants, combined witli a social manner and fair and honest dealing, lias won him many friends, and in business circles he is highly- esteemed for his worth and excellence. In connection with the buying and sel'ing of staple and fancy groceries, he purchases country produce which he ships to Milwaukee and other large cities. His reputation jis one of the leading merchants of Green Lake County is well deserved, and he h justly entitled to a representation in this volume. Mr. Frank is a native of the Empire State, hav- ing been born in MInden. Jlontgomery County. July 27. 1852. His parents, William and Cath- erine (Countryman) Frank, were also natives of New York, where the husband and father engaged in merchandising until 1858, when he determined to cast Ills lot with the early settlers of the Badger State. In the same year he landed at Princeton, where he still makes his home. For some time he was engaged as proprietor of the Fox River House, which was an hotel widely known throughout this l)art of the country. He then took charge of the American House, but after some years w.as ap- pointed Postmaster, in which capacity he served for three or four terms, and until within a few j'ears since was .actively eng.aged in business, but at the present time. 188i). is living a retired life. The name of Frank is a familiar one throughout the entire county, and he has a wide circle of friends. He has taken an .active part in the promotion of the interest of the Democratic party, which ho has long supported, and lias lu-on an hoimiod member PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. o3;i of various conventions. He served acceptably as Justice of tbe Peace, and is a respected member of societj' and of the Masonic fraternity, and a mem- ber of the Congregational Church. Our subject is the eldest of a family of three children born to William and Catherine Frank: Ella, the only daughter, is now the wife of .1. W. Wescott, of Eland Junction. Wis.; and William J., also resides at that place. Edward Frank resided with his parents until twenty years of age, during which time he received a good common-school education. He then left home and entered the employ of tlie Government upon tile lines of the Northwestern & St. Paul Railroad Companies as postal clerk, a position which he occu()ied for eleven years, when he sev- ered his connection with tlie postal service, and engaged in his present line of business. A wedding ceremony jierformed on the 1 4th of March, 1876, united the destinies of Edward Frank and Melissa A. Kilton, of Sheboygan, and their home has been brightened b}- the presence of one sou, Donald, who was born unto them Dec. 19, 1878. Socially, our subject is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Public-spirited and progressive, he has identified himself with the progress and ad- vancement of the community, and though com- paratively a young man, has won a foremost place in business circles. 'Tl EWIS J. ROBERTS, who is numberef I (?§, among tlie early settlers of Green Lake j*'--^ County, now resides on section 27, in tht Lake the town of Manchester. He was born in North Wales, on the 2Gtli of November, 1815. and is a son of Lewis and Elizabeth (Thomas) Roberts, who v.'ere the parents of six children, four sons and two daughters, only two of whom are yet living: John died in Wales, and the death of Thomas alao oc- curred in his native land. Lewis J., of this sketch is the next in order of birth; Margaret, wife of Ellis Richards, died in Columbia Count3', Wis.; Elizabeth is the wife of Thomas Thomas of New York Citj', whom slie married since coming to America, and Robert died at tbe age of six years. The father of this family died in his native country in 1883, having survived his wife man}- years, her death occurring in 1826. Mr. Roberts was a man of high moral character, a member of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church, and was respected by all who knew him. Lewis J., the subject of this notice, passed his ea.v\y life upon a farm mid play and work and in the common schools of the neighborhood acquired his education. When he liad attained to man's estate, he was joined in wedlock with Mary Roberts, the union being celebrated in Wales Feb. 25, 1840. They there began their domestic life, but ten years afterwards, bidding good-bye to home and friends, they set sail for America where Mr. Roberts determined to try his fortune. He first located in Dodge County, Wis., where he re- sided for three j'ears. He then came to Green Lake County, purchasing 110 acres of land on sec- tion 27 in the town of Marshfleld, to which he has since added until he now owns 225 acres of land. He is a man of great energy and perseverance and without delay began the work of improving and cultivating his farm and may now well be proud of his efforts. At the time of his arrival the county was but in its infancy, little having been done towards placing it in its present advanced position. Since that time, the raw prairie has been transformed into richly cultivated farms, the little log cabins have been replaced by beautiful and comfortable homes, villages have grown into cities, large business industries have been established and the work of progress and advancement has been car- ried forward at such a rapid rate that it seems al- most incredible when we think of the few short years that have passed since all was as nature formed it. Mr. Roberts has ever taken an active part in the work of transformation and is a public- spirited and progressive citizen. He casts his ballot with the Republican part}^ and is deeply- in- terested in its success, but has never sought public ofBce. preferring to devote his attention to his busi- ness, in which he has been eminently successful. He is prominent in the promotion of the cause of education and never hesitates to give his suppoit to the church or any enterprise which will benefit :j3G PORTRAIT AxNU BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the public. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and hold a high position in the social world. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Roberts, nine in number, are as follows: Elizabeth, wife of William Williams of Pennsylvania; William, who is at home: Sarah, wife of Henry Pritchard of,Colurabia County, Wis.; John, who married Miss Elizabeth Edwards of Watertown, is now a resident of Green Lake County; Mary is the wife of Edward Stevens of West Bangor. Pa.; Jane wedded John Williams of Green Lake County; Lewis died at tlie age of twenty-one years, and Thomas died at the age of twelve years. Margaret, the sixth child, married John E. Jones, a Methodist minister, and resides at Exonia, Wis. Mrs. Roberts was born in Wales July 22. 1H21. jlL_^ GRACE C. MOl'LTON. capitalist and loan 'jTjjf, broker of Berlin, was born in Utica, N. Y., 'M^ May 1. 1816, and is a son of Aurora and (^ Rebecca (Maynard) Moulton. His parents were born near Hartford, Conn., and both were of P^nglish origin. The ancestors of our subject on botli sides were represented in the War of the Revolu- tion as defenders of the cause of libert)\ His par- ents both died when he was a child, and he was thus left to the care of relatives. He attended school in Albany, X. Y., and afterward was ap- prenticed to the tailor's trade, but before completing his term of service was obliged to abandon the undertaking on account of a serious attack of in- liaramation of the eyes. When seventeen years old he began clerking in a general store at ^5 per month, but his employer, appreciating the worth of his services, soon increased his wages. Being careful and prudent in the expenditure of money, he was not long in accumulating a capital of $200. so when twenty years of age he began life for him- self in the restaurant business. In eight months he hdd cleared $1,000 and had a constantly increas- ing tr.ade. He was also forced to increase his facili- tiis and soon he had accumulated a capital of |3.it()0, with wiiich lie embarked in general mer- chandising, in the village of Jordon, Onondaga Co., Is. Y., where he continued business in that line for sixteen years with splendid success. He had se- cured an extensive and profitable trade, and was owner of one of the largest and most important mercantile establishments in the place when misfor- tune overtook hiin. He had been successful, and his desire to aid others led iiim to indorse a note for a friend whom he had known for years and who had previously aided Jlr. Moulton in his business career by many favors, but his friend failed and he saw the accumulated profits of his 3'ears of toil and perseverance swept away in a day. He was then obliged to close out his business, and with nothing left him but energy and hope, he sought to retrieve his fortunes in the far West. On the 14th of April, 1858. Mr. Moulton landed in Berlin. Wis., and began life anew as an employe of the Oneida Bank of that city, with which he re- mained until it became bankrupt. With his small savings, he then began buying up notes in a small way, and as his capital increased extended his oper- ations, and in the course of time, in the w.ay of busi- ness he became possessed of numerous houses and lots and chattels, and acquired a large capital. He has had reverses and has met with some serious los- ses but is now the owner of more houses and lots than any other man in Berlin. He has also prop- erty in neighboring towns, the care of which to- gether with the loaning of his money, occupies his entire lime. Mr. Moulton is well reail on the topics of the day, and has had a wide experience of men and the world. He is genial and affable in his manner and has many warm friends. He has always been in- clined to fraternize with the Methodists in religion and is a Republican in politics. ELOETIS D. FORBES, editor and pro- •ietor of the Onitrnl I'liioii, a weekly pa- per published at Westfield, Manpietle County, was born in Litchfield, Medina Co., Ohio, May 12, 1836, and is of Scotch and Irish extraction. His pare.Us were both natives of Ver- mont. His father was of Scotch descent and Iracetl his ancestry b.ack to the once famous Highland PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 537 clan " For-busli," or " For-bess." His mother's name was Bell, and she was a descendant of the "Ould Sod." Tlie paternal great-grandfather of our subject was a soldier of the Revolutionary War and, tradition sa.ys, attained to tiie rank of Colonel in the Continental Army, having command of' the body-gnard of George Washington. The parents of Mr. Forbes in early life removed to Jef- ferson County, N. Y., and ttience to Ohio, where our subject was born, the seventh child in a family of eleven children, two of whom died in infancy, while six are yet living at Ibis writing in 1880. The father was a physician by profession and a man of extensive reading and information. His integ- rity was unimpeachable yet he was an uncompro- mising opponent of the orthodox religions of that day. The mother was a woman of pure and noble character and religiously inclined. As .1 natural result, tiie children, though none of them were church members, were believers in the essential, practicitl tenets of Christianity. In 1846, when Seloftiis Forbes was a lad of ten years, the family started for the then almost unin- habited Territorj' of Wisconsin b}' "prairie schoon- ers," and after six weeks of such arduous travel that it can hardly be imagined by the emigrants of today, the party landed at a place called Bird's Ruin, a few miles east of Madison, where they spent their first winter in Wisconsin. In the spring they removed to Sun Prairie, and a year later settled in May ville. Dodge County, where Mr. Forbes spent his early life, receiving such education as tiie com- mon schools of that day afforded, supplemented by a few terras at a select school. At the ago of eighteen he began teaching through the winter season and " boarded round " with his patrons, and in the summer months worked at the carpenter's trade, of which he had obtained some knowledge by a short apprenticeship witli an older brother. On attaining his majority he went to Springfield, Marquette County, where he became acquainted with Miss Similde E. Pond, to whom he was married June 30, ] 860, the wedding t-iking place in Horicon, Wis. She is a woman of exalted character, endowed with fine literary taste and ability, and has been a frequent contributor to the periodical literature of the day in botli prose and poetiy. A faithful wife a tender and loving mother, her influence is felt as a strengthening power for good in her family and in tiie community. In thesummerof 1862, though engaged in teach- ing school in Packwaukee, Mr. Forbes responded to his country's call for troops and enlisted in the 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, in which he served for two and a half years. At tlie formation of the company he was elected Second Lieutenant but was refused a commission on account of an order of tiie War Department, requiring that new regiments be supplied with that grade of commissioned offi- cers from veterans who had seen service. He was commissioned, however, during his second year of service, but in December, 1863, was compelled to resign on account of impaired health. Return ng home he engaged in farming during the summer of 1864, but re-enlisted in the autumn of that year in the 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery and was mustered in as Orderly Sergeant, of Company I. Later he was commissioned Second Lieutenant, in wiiich capacity he served until the close of the war, when he was honorably discharged in Jul\-. 1865. On his return home after being mustered out, Mr. Forbes resumed teaching in Marquette County, but after a short time, in 1867, removed to Milwau- kee, where for three years he was engaged on the editorial staff of the £^f'^«/«^ Wisconsin. In 1870 impaired health compelled him to resign his posi- tion and he returned to Packwaukee to reside. During the winter of 1870-1, he was principal of the Montcllo schools, and in the fall of the latter year was elected County Superintendent of Schools, on the Republican ticket in the face of an overwhelm- ing Democratic majority in the county. He ac- ceptably filled that position for two years and during the winter of 1773-4 was legislative corres- pondent for the Evening Wisconsin, a paper pu b- lished in Milwaukee. His connection with the various papers had made him familiar with the methods of conducting a paper and possessing the necessary ablity as a compositor and editor, in 1877, Mr. Forbes established the Central Union at Westfleld, which he has since conducted with marked success. At the beginning it was a five column folio. He suffered the loss of all his mate- 538 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. rial by fire in 1880, but soon afterward resumed tlie publication of his paper as a six column folio, which in 1885 was enlarged to its present size as a six column quarto. Its circulation has rapidl3' in- creased and the paper is deserving of a liberal pat- ronage. It advocates Republican principles but is devoted chiell^' to matters of local interest. Into Mr. and Mrs. Forbes have been born live children — Anna E.. who had achieved a reputation as a first-class teacher, was married in January, 1889, to Alraon E. Round; Wilbur E. is .associated with his father in the publication of the Cditral Union, and is a first-class printer and compositor; Florence E. is a vocal and instrumental musician of excellent ability: Clarence A. and Freddie L. are still at home. JOHN S. GREENE, who is engaged in gen- I eral farming and stock-raising on section ; 28, Berlin Township, Green Lake County, is a native of New York. He was born in Madison County, on the 26th of December, 1825, and is a son of Rowland and Joanna (Teft) (ireenc. Both parents were of English descent and the fa- ther was a distant relative of Gen. Greene of Rev- olutionary fame. He made farming his life occu- pation, engaging in that pursuit in the Empire State until 1843, when he came to the West. His first place of abode was Rock County, Wis., but af- ter a .short time he removed to Dane County, where for fifteen years he operated a farm. At the expiration of that time he became a resident of Waushara County, where he purchased a farm upon which he passed the remainder of his days, his death occurring i" 1862. A week had not yet passed when his wife was called to her final rest and they were laid side by side in the cemetery in the village of Dakota. They were well known citizens of the community where they resided mikI were greatly respected by all. Our subject was one of a family of nine children but has only one sister yet living. Mere)', who is now the wife of Russell Thompson, a resident of Chippewa Coimty, this .State. The early life of Mr. <;rccii«' «M< pM^^^ccl in much the usual manner of farmer Lids. Workin(i; and play occupied his j time and in the common schools of the neighbor- j hood he received his education. He has resided in Wisconsin since his eighteenth year, and like his fa- . ther has followed farming throughout his business ' career. He remained with his parents until twen- ty-six years of age and like a dutiful son assisted in the cultivation of the farm. He then left home and purchased 120 awes of land in Dane County, to which he afterward added 120 acres, operating the same for a few years, when he sold out and re- moved to Minnesota, where he .again farmed for six years. At the end of that time he returned to Wisconsin, settling in Waushara County, upon his father's farm, which he operated, caring for his parents until their death. About four or five years were there S|)ent, after which he sold out, buying a farm of 150 acres in Berlin Township. Since that date, 1866, he has there resided. It is patent to the passer-by th.at Mr. Greene is a man of industry ! and enterprise, for his farm with its highlycultiva- j ted fields and man\" improvements indicates cease- I less activity and enterprise. The year previous, our suljject had enlisted in I the service of his country as a member of Com- pany C, 52nd Wisconsin Regiment for one year, but the rigor and hardships attendant upon war undermined his constitution, causing his discharge on the 21th of May, following. He then returned home and resumed his former occupation. Years of experience have made him a practical farmer and in accordance with his progressive ide.as he al- ways keeps abre.ast of the times. He is not, how- I ever, only well informed on matters pertaining to his business, but manifests a deei) interest in the affairs of the country and is specially active in promoting the enterprises which are calculated to benefit the county. Mr. Greene was first married in 1850. wliiui Miss Elizabeth Blake became his wife. Five years of happy wedded life were passed by that worthy- couple and then sorrow darkened the home. Mrs. I Greene being called to her final rest. He was again married in 1863, the lady of his clioice be ing Elizabeth Patrick. One child was born unto them, Rowland W., who is now a resident of Crown County. Dakota. Death again visited the home in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 539 1S79. The drtad disease consuraplion bad fastened itself upon the wife and mother and in that year she passed awaj-, her remains being interred in the cemetery of the Seventh Day Baptist Church in Berlin Township. Tlie two succeeding years Mr. Greene was unblessed with the companionsiiip of a wife. He was then married April 27, 1881, to Julia L. P )St, daughter of Eldad and Louisa (Palmer) Post, the former a native of New York, the latter of Vermont. The family came to Wisconsin in 1855, and in 1877, Mr. Post removed to Dakota Town- ship, Waushara County, where he is now engaged in farming and stock-raising, having followed that business throughout his entire life. Both Mr. and Mrs. Greene are members of the Seventh day Bap- tist Church in Berlin Township, and are earnest Christian people who well merit the high esteem in which they are held. In politics, he is a stalwart Republican, having advocated the principles of that great National organization since its forma- tion. He has displayed much ability in the man- agement of his affairs and made the most of his opportunities, for, beginning life in limited circum- stances, he has acquired a competence which will enable him to pass his declining years in rest from all laoor. -«ii^ ^^^^^H^ ''li-s ARRY C. COOLEY, deceased, a pioneer of [Tji) Berlin, Green Lake County, of 1855, vvas !^^ born in Darien. W^-oming Co., N. Y., Feb. 9, (^ 1817, and was a son of Thomas and Densie (Cuok) Cooley, whose family numbered six sons and nine daughters. He was educated in his na- tive town, and was married in Attica Center, N. Y.,. in 1840, the lady of his choice being Miss Nancy M. De Mary, a daughter of Thomas and Eunice (Churchill) De Mary. The De Mary family in- cluded one son and seven daughters, and two chil- dren, a son and daughter, were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cooley. The latter died in infancy, while the son, Walter N., who was born July 15, 1843, is now engaged in the livery business in Berlin. Mr. Cooley came to Wisconsin in 1843. during its territorial days, and for nine years was engaged in farming in the town of Palmyra,Jefferson County. He then removed to the village of Palmyra, and engaged in the dry goods business, also devoting his attention to the duties of Postmaster, to which position he was appointed by President Pierce. He also served as Deputy Siieriff, and carried on a liv- ery st.Hble until Dec. 25, 1854, when he removed to Appleton, Wis., whence he came to Berlin in January, 1855. On his arrival In this city he pur- ch.ased an interest in the livery stable situated on the present site of C. S. Morris' mill, where he did business until the fall of 1855, when he moved to the stables now owned by his son, where he contin- ued business up to the time of his death, which oc- curred July 5, 1889. His wife was called home on the 8th of October the year previous. Mr. Cooley was a man of superior ability, and came of a good family. He was a brother of Judge Thomas Cooley, of Michigan, a distinguished jurist and author of law reports, who was at one time considered a promising candidate for the office of Ciiief Justice of the United States, and is now Chairman of the Inter-State Railway Commis- sion. The late A. B. Cooley, of Ripon, a promi- nent citizen and Justice of that citj-, was his half brother. Mr. Cooley, like his distinguished brother was an old-time Democrat, and never failed in his allegiance to that party and its principles. Scru- pulously exact in ways and matters of business, his word was as good as his bond, and in his death Berlin lost an excellent citizen of wiioni all speak in high terms. />^ HESLEY B. TULLER, deceased, was born 'If in the Empire State but is numbered among ''^^f the pioneer settlers of Wisconsin. He was but a lad when his parents became residents of Walworth County, and in that community he was reared to manhood and obtained a common-school education. When he had attained to years of ma- turity, he led to the marriage altar Miss Charlotte Kees, the wedding taking place Feb. 2, 1861. Tiie lady was born in Oneida County, N. Y., and with her parents became a resident c>f Watertown, Jeffer- son Co., Wis. Her mother departed this life iu June, 1879, but her father is still living and resides 540 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ill Cliiiipowa Falls, Wis. Mr. and Mrs. Tuller be- gan tliiir ilomestic life in Walworth County, whence they removed to Fond du Lac County and subsequently^ took up their residence in Wautoma, where the husband spent his last days. He died at his liome near that village on the 5th of Septem- ber, 1883, respected and esteemed by all who knew him. After five years of widowhood Airs. Taller was again married, becoming tiie wife of Rosweil Owen, whose sketch appears elsewhere. Ten children were born of their union, seven of whom are now living: Addie. wife of Edward Stillman, a resident of Berlin; Lillian, wife of Al- bert Vincent of Chippewa Falls, Wis; Frank S, who resides in tlie same place; Mary; Adelbert W. ; Cliarles "SI. ami Minnie K. J' OIP-; .T. WOOD. SK., a millwright of Ber- ', [in, (Jreen Lake County, was born in Ham- lilon County, Ohio, May 16, 1824. and is the ' son of Jonathan and Lucy (Murrell) Wood. He learned the millwright's trade in his native Slate, and in 18.51 emigrated to Wisconsin, settling at what was then known as Dakins' Mills, now Nesli-, koro. He built many of the early flouring mills in that section of the country. The mills at Da- kota, Neshkoro, Ri-hford, Kingston. Arcade and Westfield sprang into being under his direction. Tlie 4th of July, 1854, was celebrated by Rlr. Wood at Marion, Waushara Co., Wis., by the im- portant event of his marriage, his bride being Miss Joanna Sanders, a daugliter of James and Anna (Wildey) Sanders. She was born in Cattaraugus County, N. Y., Jan. 22, 1832, and for some time prior to her marriage was engaged in teaching school; she died iu Neshkoro, Oct. 29, 1865, leav- ing six children, four daughters and two sons, one having died in infanc}'. Lucy, the eldest, was born June 21, 1855, and married D.ayton K.Wil- cox, her home being now in Stevens' Point; Emma J., born May 21. 1857, w.'is drowned in White River, July 11. 1866, at the age of ten years; Chester died in infancj-; John, Jr.. born Feb. 13, 1851), married Miss Haitie E. Ottaway, and is a pr.iclicing attorney of Berlin; Mary E., born Jan 7. 1861, is the wife of William Lang, and resides at Nora Springs, Iowa; Carrie B.. born Oct. 26, 1863, is a teacher of Nora Springs, Iowa; and Ed- win S., who was born Sept. 9, 1865, is a miller of Berlin. After the death of his first wife. Mr. Wood was again married, in 1867. bis second union being with Mrs. Margaret W. Mills, wi.low of John Mills, and a daughter of Jam<;s and Mar}- Hutchinson. She was born in Scranton, Pa., Nov. 2, 1835. There are no children of the second marriage, but Mrs. Wood has two children bj' her former marriage: Mattie E., who was born March 24, 1858, and is now the wife of S. C. Culver, of Portland. Iowa; ani Edgar G. Mills, who was born Sept. 15, 1860. He is now a practicing attorney of St. Cloud, Minn. In January. 1880, Jlr. Wood removed to Berlin, where he has since continued to reside. He still works at his trade, and is a hale and hearty man. I He has led a busy, useful life, and has taken an active part in the practical improvement and de- velopment of the county in which he has made his home. He is a thorough mechanic and master of his trade, and in all the relations of life li.as borne himself as an uprigiit. honorable gentleman. ALTER N. COOLKY. proprietor of a liv- ery, feed and sale stable in Berlin, is a son of Henry C. and Nancy M. (Dc Mary) Cooley, and was born in tlie town of Darien. Wyoming. Co., N. Y.. on the loth of July, 1843. He came to ■Berlin with his parents when twelve years of age and was educated in the city schools, after which he learned the harness-maker's trade. In 1862, he crossed the plains, spending about a year and a half in Idaho. I'tah and ^Montana. He returned home in the fall of 1863, and the following year went South, where he spent a year and a half in the quartermaster's department in Bowling Green, Kj-. On his return to the North, he look emplo}-- ment in Oshkosh in 1866 as a harness-maker, but after a year spent one season as a dealer in live stock. The following year he passed in Milwaukee, ami in the autumn of 1869, went to Mason City, ^ Q? ^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Iowa, where he engaged in the restaurant business for a while. He next was employer! in tlie offlee of the Iowa Central Railroad for eight months, after which he opened a harness slioj) and worked at bis trade for a number of years. While in Mason City, Mr. Cooiey was joined in wedlock with Miss Emma C. Wilson, the ceremony being- performed on Christmas day of 1870. Mrs. Cooiey is a native of Illinois, and a daughter of Alonzo Wilson. Four children have been born of their union, two sons and two daughters, namely: Winnifred N., Frank 1'., John B. and Avis Leolai all yet at home. Mr. Cooiey continued in business in Masoji City, Iowa, until May, 1883, when he sold out and re turned to Berlin. Shortly afterwards, he engaged in the livery business with his father and on the death of the latter, in July, 1889, succeeded to the business which he is now successfully con- ducting. In politics, he is a Democrat, and he is the agent of the Wisconsin Humane Society, hav- ing been appointed to that position May 21, 1886. He is an expericned liveryman and always keeps good horses and rigs for his customers. ■^^^61-^ ip^^ICHOLAS BUSH, who is numbered among jll ))' the pioneer settlei-s of Green Lake County, /il/^t) makes his home on section 23, town of Berlin. His paternal and maternal grandfathers are numbered among the Revolutionary heroes and in recognition of their services were awarded pensions by the Government. The former, Stephen Bush, was born in Massachusetts, of English pa- rentage, and was quite young when he entered the Colonial army. He made farming his life occupa- tion and in 1806, removed to Chautauqua County, N. Y., where he entered 400 acres of land, compris- ing part of the Holland Purchase. He was one of the early settlers of that county, where he made his home during the remainder of his days. By his marriage with Zilpha Thresher he had six children, two sons and four daughters, of whom Stephen was the youngest. He departed this life at the advanced age of eighty-three, but his wife died when fifty years of age. The maternal grandfather of our subject, Jsicholas Bovee, was also a New York farmer and a pioneer settler of Chautauqua County. He was the father of nine children, four sons and five daughters, of whom the mother of our subject was the second in order of birth. He died at the age of eighty-four years and the death of his wife occurred when she was seventy years of age. Stephen Bush was born in Hampden County, Mass., in 1793, and from the age of thirteen years spent his life in Chautauqua County, N. Y., where he cleared and developed a fine farm. He wedded Eleanor Bovee, who was born in Mohawk County, N. Y., and was about one year his senior. Their family numbered eleven children, seven sons and four daughters, of whom nine are still living. The two now deceased had reached the age of sixty- seven years at the time of their death. The father and mother both died at the age of eighty-four years. He was a'supporter of the Democratic party and she was a member of the Methodist Church. Nicholas Bush, whose name heads this notice was born in Sheridan Townshii), Chautauqua Co., N. Y., May 15, 1818, and was the second child born to Stephen and Eleanor Bush. Being the oldest son of the family, he remained at home as- sisting his father in the cultivation of the farm until twenty-six years of age, when he left the pa- rental roof and on the 25th of March, 1845, he was united in marriage with Miss Betsy Stebbins, who was born in Sheridan Township. Nov. 23, 1819. Their union was blessed with four children — Ma- rilla E., wife of Henry C. Decker, by whom she has two children, Gertude A. and Maude; Arrilla; May, wife of Elizur Curtis and the mother of iwo children, Mabel and P^dward; and Bessie, who is yet at home. In the fall of 1845 Mr. Bush became a resident of the Territory of Wisconsin, making his home in Rock County until the following spring, when he cast his lot with the pioneer settlers of Green Lake County. He located in Berlin Township on the 10th of May, and from that time up to the present has made his home on section 23. He began life in true pioneer style in a little log cabin, 16x20 feet, which continued to be his home until it was replaced by his present substantial and commodi- ous residence. His first purcha.«e consisted of eighty acres of land, but he extended the boundaries 544 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. of his farm until it comprises 250 acres, of which he still retains 200 acres. The days passed merrily in the new home despite the hardships and difficulties of frontier life until 1«52, when the family circle was enshrouded in gloom, the cause being the loss of the wife and mother, who died on the 31st of December. Mr. Bush was a second time married .Sept. L5, 1853, when Betsy A. Davey. who was born in Susquehanna County', Pa., Jan. 24, 1836, became his wife.' Two children graced their union: Sarah J., who became the wife of John Engan. by whom she has two children, Howard J. and Hazel \". ; and Harriet A., who married Thomas Doherty, and also h:is two children, Gertude and Gladys. Again death visited the home, Mrs. Bush dying May 17, 1861. For more than seven years Mr. Hush was unblessed with the companionship of a wife, but on the 10th of December, 1868, he mar- ried Sarah A. Hill, who was born in Chautauqua County, X. Y., Oct. 2!», 1826. Her death occurred June 22, 1872. Until the war Mr. Bush affiliated with the Dem- ocratic party, but supporting the cause of the^l'nion and freedom of tlie slaves, he joined the ranks of the Republican party and has since fought under its banner. He has served as Side Supervisor for several terms, was Chairman of the Town Board and was a member of that body at the time of the construction of the first bridge across Fox River. For twenty-five years he occupied the office of Justice of the Peace and made a wise and able official as his long term of service well indicates. The cause of education h.as found in him a warm friend and since his arrival in this county he has given his support and exerted his influence for its advancement. By industry and perseverance he has acquired his possessions and is accounted one of the lending and representative farmers of the community. See portraits, on opposite page, of this worthy couple. #-^ eYRUS B. THO.MAS, a retired farmer re- siding in Westfield, is numbered anu>ng the pioneers of Maiquette Count\-, and was the first person to locate in the vicinity of Law- rence. His residence dates from February, 1850, and on his journey he was accompanied by a Mr. Curtis, who, however, soon afterwards returned to Elgin, 111., from whence he came. He is a native of the Granite State, having been born in the town of Coldbrook. Coos County, April :il. 1830. The Thomas family' is of English origin and is num- bered among the early settlers of New Hampshire. Samuel Thomas, father of our subject, married Ann Follansbee. who was of Scotch descent, and also belonged to an early New England family that set- tled in Haverhill, Mass., about two hundred years ago, in the latter part of the 17th century. Both families were represented in the ^Var of the Revo- lution and the maternal grandfather of our subject served as one of the guards at the time of the exe- cution of the brave but unfortunate British sp3', Maj. Andre. Samuel Thomas removed with his family from New Hampshire to ^'ermont when C^rus was four- teen years of age, and four years later, in 1848, came to Wisconsin. He settled in the town of Burnett, Dodge County, and entered land which is still in the possession of the family. He was one of the prominent and influential citizens of that community and in his farming operations wasquite successful, becoming one of the substantial farmers of the town. His death occurred in September. 1883, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years and his loss w:is deeply mourned. His wife, who was born in January, 1802, is now living in the village of Horicon. Dodge County, anorted the Whig party and on the organization of the Republican party joined its ranks, continuing to give it liis hearty support until his death. Long prior to the war he entertained strong abolition principles and his home was a station on the underground railroad. He assisted many a iK)or negro on his way to Canada and freedom, and did all in his power to create an abolition sentiment among the peo|)le of the com- munity in which he made his home. He and his wife were both members of the Methodist Church and were active workers in the Master's vineyard. They lived earnest, consistent Christian lives and their house was alw.ays open for the entertainment of the preachers. In Judge Bugh, whose name liejids this sketch, we see a worthy example of a self-made man. The educational advantages which he received were not superior to those afforded manj' other boys, he attending the district school and the Somerset Academy, where he pursued only a partial course. Possessing studious habits, a retentive memory and an observing ej'e. the knowledge acquired out of school is such .as to make the Judge one of the most intelligent citizens of the comraunit3-. While Gov. Faircliilds was Governor of Pennsylvania, he commissioned our subject as regent of the State University, but the Judge thinking himself unquali- fied for the position, wrote backs.aying that he was an uneducated man and did not believe himself capable to perform the duties of that office, but the Governor appreciating his true worth and ability, replied that he wanted a man of common sense as well as education and urged him to accept the commission, which he did, tilling the office for a {)eriod of eight years. The year 1849 witnessed his emigration to Wau- shara County, Wis., and soon afterward he made a claim on section 1 in the town of D.akota, which he still owns. There were but few settlers in the community, the greater part of the land being still in the possession of the Government and the county still formed a part of Marquette County, but through the eflforls of Judge Bugh and Col. Thomas J. Tow^nsend, it was separated. The Judge took a prominent part in the organization of the county to which was given the name of Waushara, and in- troduced the bill into the Legislature to change the county seat from .Sacramento to Wautoina, which was passi'd. The people raised a part of the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBLM. ti, monej' necessary to pay the expenses of the re- moval, the Judge borrowing the remainder of the amount. From the organization of tlie county to the present day lie has been prominently identified with its history in some otHcial capacity. While the county seat was in Sacramento he was elected the first Recorder of Deeds, which office he hehl for seven years. In 1860 he was nominated and elected to the General Assembly of the State and in 1883 was again the people's choice for tliat office. He displayed his loyalty to the govern iDcnt duriug the late war by his untiring efforts in raising troops and received a commission from President Lincoln, as Paymaster. Later he held the office of Assessor of Internal Revenue of the 5th District, being appointed by Andrew Johnson and served in that capacity for five years. For many years he served as Chairman of the town of Dakota, and for a considerable time has been Chair- man of the County Board of Supervisors, to wiiich position he was elected without opposition. In the spring of 1889, he was elected to the office of County Judge, the duties of which he is now dis- charging. His rei)eated calls to positions of honor and trust, Indic-ite tiie high regard in which he is held and the great confidence reposed in him by his fellow citizens. He has been true to every trust, has faithfully discharged his official duties, often placing his own interests aside to care for those of the public. It is difficult to speak in praise of the living without an appearance of flat- tery, yet this record is to perpetuate the lives and characters of the representative citizens of Wau- shara County, and it would therefore be injustice to his manj- friends to omit the commendation which the Judge so richly deserves. His nobility of character and upright life have won the high regard and respect of even those opposed to him politically, and extended his circle of acquaintances until it comprises many of the most prominent citizens of the State. In 1S61, in Waushara County. Judge Hugh was united in marriage with Miss Lydia Hood, daughter of Judge Thomas Hood, of Madison. Their union was blessed with three children, two of whom are now living — William A., a resident of this county: and Frances H., who was graduated froui the High School of Berlin, and is now the wife of John W. Dubois, who resides in Green Bay and is connected with tiie railroad interests of the State. Mrs. Bugh ileparted this life in 1883. iIL_^^^ ALBERT HA XSON, Recorder of Deeds of j|j)li Waushara County, and a prominent citizen ^^ of Wautoma, has passed his entire life in (^ this county. He was born in the town of Dakota on the 13th of A|)rll, 1853. being the son of George and Guneld Hanson, who were natives of Norway and emigrated to America in Jul}'. 1849. Coming to Wisconsin the}' settled in tlic town of Dakota, where they entered land and be- gan the development of a farm, but subsequently removed to the town of Mt. Morris, locating on seelion 8. Not a furrow had been turned, a fence built or other improvement made, but Mr. Hanson transformed the wild land into a comfortable home for himself and family. He was very successful in Ills business enterprises. He was not only In lim- ited circumstances on his arrival in this community but was in debt to the extent of ^60. which he bor- rowed in order to pay his passage to this countr}'. By judicious management and a resolute will which would brook no defeat, he accumulated a com- fortable competency and is now the owner of a fine farm of 380 acres of land, which pays a golden tribute to the care and cultivation which he be- stows upon it. Although his time has been largely occupied with his business, he has ever taken an active interest in the upbuilding and welfare of the county and aided materially in its progress and advancement. He has supported the Republican party since its organization and is a member of the Lutheran Church, to which his wife, now deceased, also belonged. Of their family, four sons are yet living— Ole T.. of Mt. Morris ; Ualbert, Martin G. and George 11., who is living on tlie old home- stead. The subject of this notice began his school life in an ujiper room of his father's house, where a few children of the neighborhood met and conned their lessons. lie received only the privileges afforded by tiie common schools, ytt he is one of the intelli- 548 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. gent and valued citizens of the town, having largeli' supplemented his earlv education by read- ing and observation. When a young man of twenty-one years, he met with a serions accident, the loss 'of a hand by the discharge of a gun. As it unfitted him for farm labor, the Republican party, of which he is a firm and in flexible .id vocate, nomi- nated him for the position of Recorder, to which he was elected by an overwhelming majority. His efficiency and the prompt and faithful manner in which he discharged his duties led to his re-elec- tion in 1886, and in 1888. he was elected to the same office by 1.000 majority. He h.is also held some town offices, having served as Town Clerk of the town of Mt. Morris for the terra of nine years, during which time he was also engaged in teaching school. Faitlifull^' looking after the interests of the otlice and honorably discharging every trust reposed in him. he has gained for himself an envi- able place in the regard and confidence of his fel- low-citizens and won the respect of all with whom he has come in contact. On the 29th of December, 1886, Mr. Hanson was united in niarri.age with Miss Hessie Peterson, daughter of Peter Peterson, of Walworth County. AVis. They have one son, Harold Bert. Mr. Han- son pos.sesses excellent business qualities and not- withstanding his misfortune in the loss of a hand, which unfits him for many callings in life, he will no doubt gain for himself a comfortable compotence. ^Wj AMKS M. SOLOMON, a practical farmer I! and one of the representative citizens of the ^..^1, town of Oxford, Marquette County, resid- f^j^ ing on section 23, Iras made his home on his present farm since 1872, but has been a resident of Wisconsin since 1849. He is a n.ative of the Em- pire State, having been born in the town of Ridge- way, Orleans County. March 27, 1825. His father. 3Iartin Siilomon, was also a native of New Vork, and in tha city of Albany learned the trade of shoemakinjj, which he followed for man^' years. He married Adeline Salsbury, who was also born in New York, and is a daughter of James Salsbury, w'lo died in Orleans County, only a few days pre- vious to his one hundredth birthday. Mr. Solo- mon and his wife began their domestic life in the town of Worchester. Otsego County, removed thence to Orleans County, and in 1851, emigrated to Wisconsin. He settled in the town of Water- loo. Jefferson County, but after two years removed to the town of Dell Prairie, Adams County, where he died in 1855. His widow afterward married John Folrasbee. and is still living in the town of Dell Prairie. Martin Solomon was the father of fourteen children, three born of his first marriage, and eleven b}' the mother of our subject, who was the eldest of that number. James M. Solomon passed his early life in much the usual manner of farmer lads, attending the dis- trict school and assisting in the cultivation of the land owned by his father until he began life for himself. In the autumn of 1849 he became a res- ident of the town of Lake Mills. Jefferson Co., Wis., and on December 31, following, was united in marriage with Miss Charlotte A. Carr, daughter of Esek and Wealthy (Jenks) Carr. The lady was born in Massachusetts, and when eight years old removed with her parents to Buffalo, N. Y., and in 1846,came with the family to Milwaukee. After two years they removed to Waterloo, Jefferson County, where the father died in 1851, but the mother is still living and resides in Jefferson County, Wis., at the age of eighty-one years. Six children grace their union, four of whom arc yet living. Julia, wife of Joshua Dawson, of Chisago County, Minn.; Ezra S., who is living in Lake Mills; Mrs. Solo- mon; and Esek J., with whom the mother makes her home. Persis E. died in Nebraska at the age of fifty-three years, and Loristoii Hall died in in- fancy. Mr. Solomon and his bride began tiicir domestic life in the village of Grandville, Wis., which was then situated in Marquette County, but now lies within the borders of Green Lake Count\-. In the fall of 1851, they settled in .lefferson County, and four vcars later became residents of the town of Dell Prairie, Adams County, where Mr. Solomon purchased a farm, devoting his energies to its eul- vation until .Sept. 7, 1861, when he responded to his country's call for troops, and enlisted among the boys of blue of Company E, 12th AVisconsin PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 549 Infantry, for three 3'oars. He served with his reof- iment for about fifteen months, and was then dis- charged on account of disability, from which he has never yet fully recovered. On his return home he at once resumed farming, which he followed in Adams County until 1872. which j-ear witnessed his arrival in Marquette County. Mr. and Mrs. Solomon have a most pleasant home on section 23, in the town of Oxford, where hos- pitalit3- abounds, and where many of the comforts and luxuries of life administer to their happiness. Their son, Kugene M., who was horn in 1851. is living on a farm adjoining that of his father, and Herbert J., the younger child, who was born in 1860. is still with his parents. Mr. Solomon is an intelligent and valued citizen, who keeps himself well informed on all the leading issues of the da}'. He casts his ballot with the Republican part}', and both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Church. It is their daily endeavor to live in har- mony with their professions and they arc zealous workers in the Master's cause. Whatever tends to elevate or upbuild the community receives their hearty support and co-operation, and their aid is never sought in vain for the advancement of any worthy enterprise. In the temperance cause Mr. Solomon is especially active, never tiring of his warefare against the liquor traffic. Widely and faxorably known, he and his wife rank among tlie best citizens of the town of Oxford, and are held in high esteem by all. iP^ AMUEL SEARLS, a representative farmer J'^^ of Waushara County, has resided upon his (l^_Jj/ present farm on section 31, in the town of Oasis, since 1858, which year witnessed his arrival in Wisconsin. From that day to the present he lia.s been regarded as one of the best citizens of the community, and has identified him- self with such interests as are calculated to pro- mole the general welfare. He was born in North- western Canada, on the 24th of November, 18U), but his parents, Andrew and Abigail (Dusenberry) Searls, were natives of Dutchess County, N. Y. They were there married, and two children were born prior to tiieir emigration to Canada, which occurred in 1814. William, their eldest child, died in Canada, and Egbert died in Rochester, N. Y. After tiieir removal to the north, the fam- ily was increased by the birth of the following children: Sarah, widow of Jacob Carnaby, who died in England, his native land, is now living in Norwich, Canada: Mary is the wife of George Ciiittenden, an Englishman, of Bardford, Canada; Andrew, Jeremiah and Henry are deceased; Abi- gail is the wife of Henry Caton, of Norwich, Can- ada; Dorcas and Alfred have also passed away. The parents spent their last days in Norwich, Canada, wiiere the father died, at the age of sixty years, while Ihe mother lived to tlie advanced age of eighty years. Both were members of tlie Metho- dist Episcopal Church. Jlr. Searls was a quiet, re- served man, who preferred the enjoyment of his home to outside pleasures. When twenty years of agr, our subject entered upon his business career. He learned the carpen- ter's and joiner's trade, which he followed for some time, but has made farming his principal occupa- tion since his arrival in Waushara County. He was married, on the 27th of October, 1847, to Miss Hannah Palmer, who was born in New Brunswick, and is a daughter of Enoch and Lybie (Burpee) Palmer, both of whom were of early New Kngland families. They have long since passed away, the father dying in Canada and the mother in New Brunswick. Nine children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Searls, as follows: Jacob, who wedded Miss Lottie Hortoii, is now extensively engaged in the culture of cranberries, in Wood County, Wis.; Enoch, who married Miss Florence Stevens, is a farmer and carpenter of Park City. Yel- lowstone Co., Mont.; Andrew, who is eng.aged in the culture of cranberries in Centralia, Wis., was joined in wedlock with Miss Ella Gustin; Melvin, a resident farmer of the town of Oasis, Waushara County, married Miss Lizzie Fay; Robert, who wedded Mrs. Belle (Lane) Wileman, is engaged in farming in De(M'field; Herbert, who wedded Miss Ada Tustin, is living in the town of Oasis; Addie is the wife of Frank Babcock, of the same town; Lillie is the wife of Albert E. Dafoe, a farmer of 550 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the town of Oasis; and Howard, who married Miss Hattie Collins, has charge of the old home farm. As before stated, Mr. Searls. in compan}' with his farail3', emigrated to Waushara Count}-. He had traveled to some extent over M'^isconsiu, and had also visited Iowa, but found no place with which he was so well suited as this count}-. Pur- chasing eighty acres of the farm on which he now resides, he built a frame house, 18x26 feet, and be- gan life in the West. Tliat home, remodeled and repaired, now forms a part of his present com modious and substantial residence. Under its shel- tering roof the children grew to mature years, and when they left for homes of their own went forth with the parents' blessing. They had been reared to habits of industry, honesty and sobriety, and following the teachings of their youth, all have become useful and honorable citizens, and are an honor to their parents. Intoxicating liquors have never been used bj- any of them, and onl}^ one of the sons has ever been addicted to tlie use of to- bacco. The members of the Searls family are all spoken of with respect, and it gives us pleasure to thus mention them in the volume of their county's history. Mr. Searls still continues his farming operations, but his youngest son has relieved him of the harder part of the labor. He increased his pos- sessions until at one time they comprised 200 acres of land, but he has since disposed of sixty acres of that amount. A worthy and valued citizen, he possesses the confidence and respect of his fellow- townsmen in a remarkable degree, and for seven- teen years has held the office of Postmaster of Oasis, without opposition. He is libera) in his views of public policy, is charitable and benevo- lent, and does all in his power to advance the con- dition of mankind. For a half century he has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his labors in behalf of that organization have been unceasing. Long and earnestly he has labored for the Master, and has lived a lifeof sueli uprightness that he is beloved by all who know him. He is a man of strong convictions when he believes him- self to be in the right. Long prior to the late war he entertained decided abolition principles, and freely exjiressed his views on that subject. The cause of temperance has now taken a strong hold on his s\-mpathies, and he will continue his opposition to the liquor traliic until it shall be abolished or his life shall end. Mr. Se.irls is truly one of nature's noblemen, and of whom it may be said the w-orld is belter for his haviusr lived. AMl'EL RUSSELL is a leading farmer and one of the extensive land owners of Mar- quette County, Wis. His home is situated on section 22, in the town of Westfield.and stands as a monument of the thrift and enterprise of the owner, who justly ranks among the promi- nent agriculturalists of Central Wisconsin. He is of Irish birth, and is a son of Hugh and Isabel (Johnson) Russell, who were also natives of the Emerald Isle, but with their family became resi- dents of Marquette County. Our subject was born in 1829, and has passed his entire life since attaining his majority, in ilarquelte County. He led to the marriage altar Miss .Sarah Jane Hamilton, daughter of James and Jane (Ben- nett) Hamilton, who were worth\- citizens of this count}', and are represented elsewhere in this Album. .Seven children were born of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Russell, but two are now deceased — Mary Jane, the third child, who died at the age af twenty-six years, and Isabel, the fourth in order of birth, whose death occurred when sixteen years of age. The three sons and two daughters who are now living are Hugh, Samuel, Francis. Agnes and Grace. Throughout his entire business career Mr. Rus- sell has followed the occupation of farming, and has been very successful in his effort*. He settled upon a wild and unimproved tract of land, but with characteristic energy turned his attention to its development, and as the result of the labor and care bestowed upon it, is to-day the owner of one of the finest farms of Marquette County. It com- prises 500 acres of land, and is storn four children, but only one, R03', is now living. The other three died in infancy. In 1855, Mr. Ham decided to cast his lot with the early settlers of Waushara County, Wis., and since that time has been one of her best citizens. Entering 160 acres of land on section 29, in the town of Plainfield, he turned his attention to agri- cultural pursuits. His claim was still in its primi- tive condition, not a furrow had been turned, a fence built, or other improvement made. Tlure were few settlers in the neighborhood, the Indians had only just left for their reservation beyond the Mississippi and the work of progress and cultiva- tion had been scircely begun. He bore his share in the trials and hardships incident to life on the frontier, but his labors were crowned with success and he became owner of one of the finest farms in Waushara County. Although he met with some discouragements and reverses in business life he overcame all such obstacles and many happy days were passed on that old homestead, but in 1877, the family was visited by a deep sorrow occasioned by the death of the wife and mother. She died in full fellowship with the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which she was a devoted meml)er, and deep grief w.is felt at her loss. The following year, Mr. Ham left the old home- stead and removed to the village of Plainfichl. He was again married Oct. 5, 1880. Mr. and Sirs. Ham have a pleasant home in the village of Plainfield, where surrounded by all the comforts of life they expect to spend their last d.-iys. He has ever been identified with the upbuilding and progress of the community since his arrival in Wisconsin, more than a third of a century ago and is regarded as one of its leading citizens. He built the first school house in the town of Plain- field, has aided in the promotion of church and scliool interests, and has done all in his power to promote the general welfare. At various times he ii.as been called u|)on to serve in oflicial positions, being elected by llie Republican party of wliieh he is a warm advocate. Socially, he is a member of the G. A. R. of Plainfield. an.l of the I. O. O. K. In early life he united with the Methodist F^pisco- pal Church, of which he has since been a faithful member. He is charitable and benevolent, ever ready to extend a helping hand to the poor and needy, and his acts of kindness have won the last- ing gratitude of many. Mr. Ham enlisted in 1864, was assigned to Company I. first Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, and served till the w.ar w.as over as a non-commissioned olflcer. ^ LIVER DOUGHTY KETCIIIJM, for the I )) '"^"^ period of forty years, hiis resided upon ^^ a farm where he still makes his home, it be- ing situated on section 3, St. Marie Township. He is justly- numbered among the pioneer settlers of Green Lake County, and it is with pleasure that we record his sketch as one of its founders. His history is as follows: He was born in Rutland County, Vt., on the •2nd of October, 181'J, his par- ents being Elias and Orphia (Murray) Ketchum, the former a native of New York, and of Welsh descent, the latter a native of Connecticut, des- cended from Scotch ancestry. The family circle was completed by the birth of ten children, but only five are now living, and with the exception of our subject, all still reside in the Green Mountain State. They are Morris, Rebecca. Louisa and Laura. The father was a farmer by occupation, and fol- lowed th.at business throughout his entire life. His death occurred in Vermont in June, 1856. his wife surviving until 1870. The educational advantages which our subject received were such as the common schools of his native St.ate afforded. He was reared tr farm life and in his youth was surrounded by the care and i-ounsel of a loving father and mother. He was thus somewhat fitted to contend with the world, but financially is a self made man. He left home on attaining his majority, and secured employment as a farm hand, continuing his labors in that direction through the succeeding eight years of his life. He was then twenty-nine years of .age, and he deter- mined, if possil)le. lo engage in business for him- self. Many fax orablo reports of the West had reached him, and ho determined to test the truth of ^ :i PORTRAIT AND HIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 561 these by personal experience. We find him in the spring of 1849, ready to leave his Eastern home and east his lot with the early settlers of Wisconsin, which had but the year previous been admitted to the sisterhood of States. On the 3d of June, he reached Milwaukee, whence he went to Waupun, but after visiting there for a short time came to St. Marie Township, in Green Lake County, where, wfith the exception of a few months, he has since made his home. His history is thus insepar- ably connected with that of the town whose growth he has witnessed and in whose progress and ad- vancement he has borne no inconsiderable part. On the 29th of June, he entered 160 acres of land from the Government, and began the developement of what is now one of the finest farms in the com- munity. Its boundaries have been extended until it now comprises 240 acres, which yield a golden tribute to his care and cultivation. At the time of his purchase it was entirely destitute of improve- ments, but is now furnished with good barns and outbuildings, is a pleasant home and is stocked with the best grades of horses and cattle. Much time and hard labor, however, have been expended in bringing about this result. The first winter after his arrival, Mr. Ketchum boarded about a mile from his land, but at an early hour in the day, he might have been seen busily engaged in clearing it and preparing it for planting. When spring came he erected a log house. That summer, in connection with the work on his own place, he engaged in farm labor for other parties, thereby to secure the means to continue his own improvements. He has never yet regretted his removal to Wisconsin, hut is justly proud of the State which has so long been his home. Here he was married and reared a fam- ily, and while he yet retains an affection for his childhood's home, his deepest and best love is here centered. After two years he returned to his na- tive State on a visit, but soon .again came to the West, and resumed his labors as a farmer. On the 14th of October, 1852, Mr. Ketchum led to the marriage altar Miss Mariette Gleasoii. tiieir union being celebrated in St. Marie. The lady is a daughter of Robbins and Melinda (Shaw) Glea- son, who emigrated from Massachusetts to Wis- consin in 1853, residing on a farm in this county until their death. Mr. and Mrs. Ketchum are the parents of sis children, and the famil}' circle is yet unbroken, though with one exception all have left the parental roof for homes in other parts of this country. Edward W., the eldest, resides in Dakota; Arthur II. is still with his parents; Clara L. is the wife of Leonard Merritt, who is located in Minne- sota : May L. is the wife of Byron Lane, a resident of De Soto, Wis. ; Eugene L. is living in Dakota ; and Ray L. is now in Minnesota. In politics. Mr. Ketchum is a Republican, having been a warm advocate of the principles of that party since its organization. He has held the oflSces of Justice of the Peace, Supervisor and Assessor, the duties of which he discharged in a manner satis- factory to all concerned. Religiously he is a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his life of uprightness and integrity has won the confidence and high regard of all. .^'LBERT W. BONESTKEL, a practical ^1 \\ ^^''^®'' '^""^ leading citizen of the town of III 14 Green Lake, Green Lake County, now re- 1^ siding on section 23, has passed his entire life on the farm where he now lives. He was there born May 20, 1857, being a son of Henry and Maria L. (Davilt) Bonestcel. The father was born in Rensselaer County, N. Y., Feb. 7, 1807, and in the common schools received his education. On at- taining man's estate, he turned his attention to farm- ing and in connection with that occupation engaged in operating a sawmill. On the 23d of November, 1844, he led to the marriage altar Miss Davitt, who was born Dec. 16, 1818. Her father, George Davitt, was a native of Ireland, but when a little child was brought by his parents to this country', the family locating in Rensselaer Countjs N. Y., where he was reared and married a Miss Ives by whom he had six children; all, however, died in childhood. Ho wedded for his second wife Lydia Page, who was l)orn in New Hampshire but re- moved to New York in her maidenhood. Eleven children were born unto them, including Mrs. Bonestecl, seven of whom are yet living. In 1849, Mr. and Mrs. Davitt came to Green Lake County PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. to visit Mrs. Bonesleei, and wiiile here the mother's death occurred in her sixtieth year. Mr. Davilt returned to New Yorii and ere his death had reached the advanced age of eiglity-four years. Tiiat worthy coujjle were niembers of tiie Baptist Church, and were sincere Christian people wiio won tiie respect and confidence of ail. On the miuriage of Henry Bonesteel and Maria Davitt. tlioy settled in New York, where one child, a daughter, was born unto them. In 1846. they came to Green Lake County, where the hus- band engaged in farming. The land was wholly uncultivated at the time of his purchase, but with characteristic energy he began its flevelopuient and in a short time had a good home. He started in life a poor man, but ere his death became one of the most extensive land owners in this county, also owning valuable tracts in the Slate of Iowa. His success was due to his perseverance, industry and good business ability combined with honesty and fair dealing. He was never known to take undue advantage of any one, but his reputation for honesty was so great that his word was as readily received as his bond. He held some minor ofBces in the township, but never sought or desired public preferment as he was content to devote his leisure time to the enjoyment and pleasures of the home. For many years he held the office of Deacon in the Congregational Church and was one of the most active workers. He died on the 12th of May, 1877, respected and esteemed by all who knew him. His wife still survives her husband and is living on the old homestead with our subject. Unto that worthy couple were born four children, of whom Albert W. is the youngest; Amelia M.. the first born, died at the age of nineteen years; Edward H. married Cora Gardenier and has one son, and Henrietta C. died at the age of seventeen. Albert W. Bonesteel, whose name heads lliis sketch, was reared to manhood on the farm where his father located in 181G. His early life w.as spent in assisting in the cultivation of the land and in acquiring an education. He pursued his primar3' studies in the common schools until fifteen years of age when he entered Ripon College, there remain- ing one year. Since sixteen years of age he has had entire charge of the farm and has displayed mucli ability in its management. In his own right he is the owner of 240 acres of land and his mother owns a tract of 280 acres which he manages for her. He is a wide-awake, energetic young man and is .iccounted one of the best farmers of the community. He takes great interest in all church work and has been chorister of the Congre- gational Church for several years. In politics, he is a supporter of the Republican partj-, and is well informed on all the leading issues of the day, both political and otherwise. For fifteen ^ears he has been a member of the Independent Order of Good Templars and is a member of the Right Worthy Grand Lodge of the World. He is especially- active in i)romoting the interests of temperance, and is a citizen of whom any community might well be proud. Those who have known him from his boj'hood up are numbered among his warmest friends, which fact is a high testimonial of his character and the upright life which he has led. On the opposite page will be seen portraits of Mr. and Mrs. Bonesteel. ^ AMKS L. JOXES is engaged in farming on section 13, in the town of Oxford, Mar- || quette County. Few citizens of the county i^^ have so long been residents of this com- munity as our subject, and it a6fords us great pleasure to present a record of his life to the read- er^ of the Ai.bl.m. He was born on the 23rd of June, 1818, in Wales, and is a son of Lewis Jones who contiued to reside in that country until his death. He was one of a family of eight children and in his native town Llanddwyn, in Mirwnth- shire. he grew to manhood, being reared to the occupation of farming. In 1848 he led to the u)arriage jiltar Miss Kleanor Lewis, daughter of John Lewis, and on the olh of April, 1849, the young couple embarked for America, having determined to make their future home in this country. They boarded the sailing vessel "Higger- son," at Kalnaryon, and after a few weeks arrived safely at New York on the 1st of May. On the next voyage of the "Higgerson." however, she sank to the bottom of the Atlantic. Mr. Jones and his PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 563 wife at once proceeded by steamer to Albany and thence to Buffalo, by way of the Erie Canal, then by the lakes to Milwaukee and on to Racine, where they remained about two weeks with friends. During that time, Thomas Henry, who had lately made a claim in the town of Oxford, M.arquette County', eng.aged Mr. and Mrs. Jones to work for him for a year, tlieir wages to be $150. They continued in his emplo}' for two years, but the day after their arrival in Marquette County Mr. Jones entered a claim for himself, upon which he built a log cabin. When two years had elapsed he began the improvement of his own land and has now one of the best farms in the community. At the time of his arrival in Wisconsin there was only an Indian trail to guide the travelers to their destina- tion. The red men were much more numerous in the settlements than the white inhabitants, and the}' often visited the iiomes of the pioneers, some- times committing serious depredations. Only a few months after the arrival of our subject he and Mr. Henry went to a tract of timber land some dis- tance from the cabin, leaving Mrs. Jones alone in tlie cabin. It was still quite early in the morning and the men were busy at work, when a band of six Indians noticing how intent they were upon their duties, stole suddenly up to the cabin and covering Mrs. Jones' head with a blanket so that she could make no outcrj' or give alarm, began searching the house and freely hel[)ed themselves to an}' tiling which suited their fancy including food, knives, spoons and other articles. They also took the greater part of the barrel of pork which had been brought all the way from Racine. When the}' iiad completed their work of plundering they released Mrs. Jones aud left the house with their spoils. In the month of March, following. Mr. Jones also met with an interesting experience with the nativfs when they again visited his house, but that time departed after appeasing their appetites. Asi|F^ ALPH M. GUSTIN, who resides on section jWr^ 2, in the town of Deerfield, is accounted one (li \\\ of the leading farmers of Waushara County. \^He is a native of the Empire State, having been boru in Chenango County, on December 12, 1840. His parents, .Samuel and Elizabeth (Smitli) Gustin, were also natives of New York, where a family of eight children were born unto them. By occupation the father was a farmer and followed that business throughout his entire life. He passed to his last rest in August. 1843, highly respected by all and was buried in the cemetery near his old liome. Ten years later, in company with her chil- dren, Mrs. Gustin came to the Wist, locating in the then little village of Wautoma, where she resided until 1855, when she went to live with her eldest son who had purchased a farm in the town of Marion. She is now in the eighty-third year of her age but is still quite well preserved. For many years she has been a member of the Christian Church and isgreatlj- beloved by all who know her. Her children are David, who is engaged in farm- ing in the town of Oasis; George, who served his country as a member of the 37th Wisconsin Infan- try, died from disease contracted wliile in the army; Moses died in the town of Oasis in 1879; Asenath A.; James H. is engaged in agricultura pursuits in the town of Deerfield; Hatfield follows the same occupation in the town of Plainfield; Kali)ii M. is the next younger; and Freelove J. is the wife of J. S. Fay, a farmer of the town of Oasis. The subject of this sketch began his school life in his native State, but completed his education in Waushara County. His boyhood d.ays passed un- eventfully, he assisting his brother George, with whom he resided, in the cultivation of the farm un- til tlie breaking out of the late war. when on the 21st of August, 1862, he donned the blue and en- listed as a member of Company G, 30th Infantry. He served exactly three years, being mustered out on the 21stof August, 1865. The regiment march- ed mnnv weary miles and endured tiie usual hard- ship incident to war. It was engaged in guard duly for a considerable portion of the time, serv- ing in that capacity in the North during 1864. On his return from the war, Mr. Gustin went to his home in the town of Marion and in the fall of 1866. purchased 120 acres of land on sections 2 and 3 in the town of Deerfield, where he has since con- tinued to reside. During his service, on the 19th of March, 1864, in Davenport. Iowa, he w.as united in marriage with Miss Lizzie Media, a daughter of Hiram and Isabel (Todd) Media, who were natives of Ohio, where the father is still living. The young cou|)le began their domestic life on the farm which Mr. Gustin purchased. Their home was a little cabin and they borrowed a cook stove to begin housekeeping. The land was uncultivated and scarcely any improvements had been made thereon, but by the united efforts of husband and wife they have one of the most comfortable homes and farms in this section of the count}'. In their earlier years they lived in an economical manner and by their industry and enterprise overcame all obstacles in their path to prosperity. All the improvements necessary to a model farm are found at tlieir home, including one of tiie linest steam threshers in this section of the State. Mr. Gustin has engaged in threshing in the county for many years and that brancli of business h.as yielded him no little income. B\' their useful and upright lives they have won a place in the hearts of the people of the con)munity and they and their family hold a high position iu 566 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the social world. Tiieii- children are Birch, a far- mer of Clay County, Iowa; George W., Claude, Ernest and Clyde. Mr. Gustin east liis first Presidential vote in 18G4, for Abraiiam Lincoln, and has since acted with tlic Republican party. He has filled various township offices and for five years has been a mem- ber of the town board, for the same length of time was Assessor and for three years was Town Clerk. In all his official duties he has acted for the best interests of the people whom he represented and was one of the most efficient cliairmen Deerfleld Township ever had. .Socially lie is a member of Ed. Saxe Post, No. 135, G. A. H.,and to the Relief Corps which is auxiliary, his wife also belongs. \f, OlIN CLARK, the present efficient County Clerk of Waushara County, has since the spring of 1853 resided in this community, ^_^ and is now a resident of Wautoraa. He was born in Perthshire, Scotland, on the 2d of August, 1841, and is the j'oungest child of Jere- miah and .Jane (Pullar) Clark, both of whom were natives of Perthshire. Jeremiah Clark was born in 1801, and during the greater part of his business career followed the occupation of farming. In 1852, accompanied by his family, he embarked for the New World, reaching Chicago, 111., in the month of July of that year. In the s|)ring following he came to Waushara County, and entered a claim of 160 acres, upon which he made his home until his death in the month of September, 1879. His wife survived him until .September, 1885. when she too was called home. Both were members of the Pres- byterian Church and were numbered among the best citizens of the community in which they re- sided. Unto that worthy couple were born four children who grew to mature years: Christina, wife of James Campbell, a resident of Kingsbury County, S. D.; Alex., who makes his home in Waushara County; James P., who is superintend- ent i>f the grain elev.ators of the Baltimore it Ohio Railroad, and resides in Baltimore. Md.; and .lohn of this sketch. Ill a primitive log school house, such as are com- monly seen on the frontier, John Clark received bis education, but bj' subsequent reading and ob- servation he has added to his store of knowledge j there gained and is now recognized as one of the most intelligent and valued citizens of the county. He was reared to farm life and like a dutiful son assisted his father until he had attained to man's estate. He was then married and began life for himself. In 1861 he united his destiny with Miss Ann Eliza Patterson, with whom he has since trav- eled earth's iourney. The lady was born in the Empire State, but became a resident of AVaushara County during her childhood. Their union has { been blessed with three children: Frank M.: Liilie B. and Fred P. For a number of years Mr. Clark has continu- ously served in some official capacity. In 1874 he was elected Town Clerk of the town of S[)ring- water, and in 1878 was elected Assessor for a term of two years. On the close of that terra, in the I fall of 1 880, he was elected County Clerk, an office which he h.as since held. Ever faithful in the dis- charge of his duty and carefully looking after the interests of the public, he has won the respect and aiiprjval of even his political opponents. He is a stanch Republican, a warm advocate of the party principles, and does all in his power to promote its I success and welfare. In 1887 he was appointed Pension Agent, and has since that time procured pensicms for many of the faithful soldiers of the late war. He believes that they should be re- warded by the Government for their faithful ser- I vices, and successfully he prosecutes their claims. It is safe to say that no man in the community stands higher in the esteem and regard of his friends than the County Clerk of Waushara County, and it affords us great pleasure to present to the readers of the Alhim this brief sketch of Mr. Clark, one of the early settlers and respected citi- zens of Wautoma. ylLLlAM SCOBIE. a prising farmer and sti iractical and eiiter- tock-raiser residing on section 12, in the town of Marion, Wan- County, is a native of Suotland. He was PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 567 horn ill Perthshire, on the 3d of January, 1835, and is a son of Andrew and Jane (Rohertson) Sco- bie, who were also natives of the same county, 'r. that land a family of ciglit children were born unto tiiem, consistino; of five sons and three daughters, as follows: Andrew, who is engaged in the manu- facture of plows in Neshkoro, Wis.; William, of this sketch; Mary, deceased wife of Thomas Wells, of Neshkoro, Wis.; John, who emigrated to the Territory of Montana in 1859, and is still living in that State; James, a real estate dealer and broker of Cambridge, Dane Co., Wis. ; David, who is a blacksmith and machinist by trade, and is now tiie owner of a large wagon and carriage factory of Cambridge, Wis., in which a nuinber of hands are emplo\^ed; Agnes, who makes her home in Nesh- koro; and Jane, wife of Eugene Armstrong, a farmer of Thayer County, Neb. In 1852, Andrew Scobie, accompanied by iiis family, left Scotland and emigrated to America. He made his first settlement in Cambridge, Dane Co., Wis., and became one of the leading farmers of that community. In 1869, accompanied by his wife and one daughter, he settled on a farm near Neshkoro, where he resided until called to his final rest in February, 1872, at the age of sixty-eight years. In manner, Mr. Scobie was quiet and un- assuming, but was a man of strong convictions and fearless in defense of any measure or interest whidi he believed to be a rigiiteous one. His upright life won the respect of .t!1 with whom he came in contact, and his deatli was sincerely mourned. Throughout his life lie was a faithful member of the Presbyterian Church, and in this country as in his native land was a church officer for many years. After the death of her husband. Mrs. Scobie re- turned to Cambridge, where she remained until February, 1882, when she crossed the dark river to meet the loved one gone before. She died at the ripe old age of seventy-four years, and her re- mains were brought to Nesiikoro, and laid b\' the side of iier husband. She lived a noble Christian life, and was beloved by all who knew her for her many excellencies of character. Our subject was educated in his native land, and when seventeen years of age acconijianied his par- ents on their journey across the broad Atlantic anta- tioii of crops, the land has become very productive. 568 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Mr. Scobie also raises fine grades of stock, and has taken many premiums at the county fair. Seven children have l)eL'n born to our subject and his worlliy wife, namely: William C, wlio is now engaged in farming and teaching in Hamilton County, Neb.; Luther M., a wagon manufacturer of Mount Hope, Grant County; Laura, twin sister of Luther, is the wife of C. B. Morrison, who is engaged in farming near Rush Lake, Winnebago County; Fred, who wedded Nellie Morrison, and is also living in Winnebago County; James, Eva M. and Walter P. Feeling the lack of education in his own life. Mr. Scobie resolved tliat his children should not suffer the same disadvantage, and has provided them with excellent advantages, all being well qualified to teach. He lias done all in his power to procure good schools in the community, and for eleven years served as Clerk of the School Board. To other interests which are calculated to upbuild the community, ho has also given his hearty support and co-operation, .^nd is accounted one of the valued citizens of tlie town of Marion. The poor and needy have found in him a special friend. He never allows any worthy object of charity to leave his door empty-handed, but gives with a liberality that has won the lasting gratitude of many. By his upright life he has won the con- fidence of all with whom he has come in contact, and none rank higher in the community than he. ^>^ — JOHN W. STICKEL, a general farmer and sto';k-raiser, residing on section 15 in the town of Marion, Waushara County, was born in Schoharie County, N. Y., July 31, 1829, and isason of Nicholas N. and Harriet (Car- penter) Stickel, the former a native of Pennsyl- vania, born of German parentage, the latter of Schoharie County, and a descendant of the old Puritan stock. In the War of 1812. the father was a soldier and participated in the battle of Sackctt's Harbor. He followed the occupation of farming throughout his entire life and died at the ripe oM age of eighty-five years, in Delaware County, N. Y., in 1874. He had removed to Delaware County, i.i 1 839, and continued there to make his home un- til his life was ended. His wife died in 1868. Their family numbered the following children, seven of whom are still living: Mary, wife of Darius 01m- stead, is living in Otsego Count}-, N. Y.; Alonzo. who WIS a ."oldier in the 7th Wisconsin Regiment during the late war, died in Kansas; John W. is the third in order of birth; William, who enlisted in his country's service in a New York Regiment was captureil and after eight months' confinement in Anderson ville prison, was released only to meet death the ne.xt day as the result of the cruel and inhuman treatment of the southern prisoners: Peter died in Delaware County, N. Y. ; Henry is eng.iged in farming in Dodge County, Wis.; Bloomer fol- lows the same occupation near Washington, Neb.; Augustus is living in Binghampton, N. Y. ; Eliza- beth is the wife of Stephen Post of New York; Charles resides in Chenango County. N. Y.;and Andrew, who enlisted in the New York cavalry was killed in battle. Our subject passed his boyhood days upon his father's farm, and received such educational advan- tages as the district .schools of that day afforded. When fourteen years of age. he began working as a farm hand by the month and in his leisure hours devoted himself to the further study of those branches of learning which he had taken up in the school room. He is a natural mechanic and also picked up various trades which have proved of great use to him in his later years. Believing that he could better his financial condition by a removal to the new and growing West, he bade good-by to home and friends in 1855 and emigrated to Wiscon- sin, where for several months he worked in the pineries of the North. The following year, 1856, he came to Spring Lake and secured a position as clerk in a hotel and also had charge of the post- offlcc. In 1857, Jlr. Stickel was united in marriage with Miss Frances Carpenter, and they began their domestic life on the farm which he had rented, there continuing to make their home until 18G(t, when, having accumulated some capital, he pur- chased eighty acres of land in the town of Marion and began its development. His farm labors were interrupted, however, when in 1865. he enlisted as a member of Company I, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery. With his regiment he PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 569 was sent to Ft. Lyon, where he dirt garrison rtiitj' for eigiit uiontlis. wlien the compan.y was dis- (;h:irge(i, hut owing to illness Mr. Slickel was sent to the hos[]ital in Washington, wliere lie was mus- tered out. On his return he again resumed agricul- tural i)ursuits, his labors in that direction lieiiig quite successful. He purchased a small farm in 1867, and iu connection with its cultivation en- gaged in teaming until the following year when he bought 200 acres of land on section 15, in the town of Marion, upon which he still makes his home. The land was then hut [lartly improved but Mr. 8tickel soon had the entire amount under a high state of cultivation. He also has devoted consider- able attention to stock-raising and keeps on hand a good grade of horses and cattle. By the union of Mr. and Mrs. Stickel have been born four children — Alice, wife of Kdward Scoville. a resident farmer of Marion township; Jo.seph E. at home; Clara M., au intelh'gent and accomplished young lady who is still with her [larents, and one child who died in infancy. As a citizen, Mr. Stickel is enterprising and pub- lic spirited. He gives his support and influence to all worthj' interests, such as are calculated to bene- fit the general welfare, and is an especial friend of the cause of education. He supports the Republi- can party in politics and for three years was Asses- sor of the town of Marion. Socially, he is a mem- ber of Kd. Saxe Post, No. 135, G. A. R. of Wau- toma. Mr. and Mrs. Stickel are respected people and are widely known in the community in which they have so long made their home. ^^ LBRO R. PARKER, who for the long per- f^Oj iod of forty years has resided in Waushara ij l» County and is now engaged in general (^ farming on section 11, in the town of Marion, was born in Charlestown. Vt., April 1, 1836, and is a son of Ira and Letilia S. Parker, the former born July 1, 1811, and the latter on the 24th of September of the same year. Their mar- riage was celebrated in Grafton County, N. II., and soon afterwards Ihe^' settled in Vermont, where were born unto them four children, namely: Jane A., wife of N. E. Hobart, of Cherokee County, Iowa; Josiah, who enlisted in a Missouri Battery, died duiing his service, in a hospital in Fayetle- ville in 1863; A. R. is the next younger; and Ira L., who was a soldier of the 38th Wisconsin Infan- try, died in Cherokee, Iowa, from disease contract- ed while in the arn)y; Emma, who completes the family, was born in Wisconsin and is now the wife of George Leach, also of Cherokee. The year 1847 witnessed the arrival of Ira Parker and his family in Wisconsin. The journey was made by way of the lakes, the party reaching Osh- kosh, then a mere hamlet, in the month of June of that year. They there resided until the fall of 1819, when, removing to Waushara County, Mr. I Parker made a claim on section 11. in the town I of Marion, on what is known as Indian land. There were but six families then in the town and the entire county was in a wild and unsettled condi- tion. He became one of its prominent and influ- ential citizens and was Chairman of the Board of his town for many years. He supported the prin- ciples advocated by Jackson in early life, but joined the Republican party on its organization. His death occurred Aug. 14, 1862, his wife surviving him twenty years, she having died Dec. 18, 1882. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and led earnest and consistent Christian lives. The subject of this sketch was reared among the wild scenes of the frontier, having come to Wis- consin during its territorial days. He was then but eleven years of age and was a lad of thirteen years wlien he became a resident of Waushara County. His education was acquired in the schools of his adopted State, and he remained at home until 1864, when he entered the service of his country as a member of the 38th Wisconsin Infan- try, being mustered in at Madison. He joined his regiment in front of Petersburg and participated in the most important engagements toward the close of the war. For eight months he was sta- tioned in front of I'etersburg and after Lee's sur- render participated in the capture of Richmond. With ills command he then marched to Washing- ton and helped to form the picket line which sur- rounded that city when it was supposed that Booth, the murderer of Lincoln, was in hiding there. He 570 PORTRAIT AND lUOGRAlMlICAL ALBUM. was nuistered out near Wasliiiifflon, in June. 1865, and on receiving his discliarge in Madison, returned to tiis home. Wlicn tlie war was over Mr. Parker rejoined his family in Waushara Count}' and once more resumed the occupation of farming. He liad been married on the 3d of July, 1857, to Sar.ali K. Vidal. daugh- ter of John L. and Sarah (Ingraiiiim) Vidal, the former a native of New York City, the latter of Pitts- field, Mass. With their family they emigrated to the West in 1848 and settled in AVal worth County. Wis., but two years later became residents of W.-iushara County, where they remained until the close of the war, when they became residents of Ft. Scott, Kan- sas, where the death of Mrs. Vidal occurred in 18G6. The husband is still living and m.ikes his home in Ringgold County. Iowa. He also was a soldier of the late war, in which he served two years as a member of the ICJth Wisconsin Infantry. He enlisted as a private, but on account of mer- itorious conduct and bravery displayed on the field of battle, was promoted to the rank of Captain. He was wounded in the side by tiie concussion of a shell and on account of disability was mustered out. His son. John L.. was a member of the 5th Wisconsin Infantry and served with credit to him- self and his command. His death was caused by disease contracted while in the army. Another son, Joseph, was also one of the "boys in blue" and died while in the defence of his country at Memphis, Tenn. The familj' of Mr. and Mrs. Vidal num- bered nine children, four of whom are living — Rosalie, widow of (ieorge Moor, who now resides in Fort Scott, Kansas; Soi)hia, wife of Frank Hruck- ett, of Imogcne, Iowa; Kate, wife of Warfield Hruckett, of St. Joseph, Mo.; and Sarah E.. v."<" of our subject. Three children have been born of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Parker — Jane, who is now the widow of George Jennings; John, who married Miss Marj- Sheldon; and Kdwin. still under the parental roof. In his social relations. Mr. Parker is a member of Fd. Saxe Post. G. A. R., of Wautoma, and po- litically is a stalwart Republican. He has been hoiKMcd with the oflficcs of Side Supervisor, Treas- urer t>f the Town and Chairman ot the Town Hoard. He c:>uie to the county before the advent of rail- roads, when the liomes of the settlers were widely scattered and the greater part of tlie land was still in its primitive condition. He has watched the progress of events, the upbuilding of town and county and has partieii)aled in the develo|)ment of the fine farms for which Wisconsin is noted. An honored pioneer, a leading farmer, a worth}' citizen and an uprigiit gentleman, are epithets which de- scril)e the character of our subject. f ILLIAM HAMILTON, whose home is situ- J^ ated In the town of Westfield, Marquette '^^ County, has i)assed almost his entire life in this community where his parents settled when he was but four years of age. He is of Irish birth, having first opened his eyes to the light of day on the Emerald Isle, in 1848, and his parents were also natives of the same country. Determining to try their fortunes in America, in 1852 they crossed the water and landed in New York City, whence they continued their travels until reaching Marquette County. Amid the wild scenes of this then unsettled re- gion our subject was reared to manhood, passing the days of his boyhood and youth under the pa- rental roof. His time was spent in assisting his father in the cultivation of the home farm and in attendance at the district school, where he acquired his education. He was joined in wedlock with Miss Agnes Laing, daughter of Alexander and Mary (Cant) Laing, who came with their family to America in the spring of 1854. They landed in Montreal, Canada, but came direct to Marquette County, Mrs. Laing having a brother, John Cant, living in the town of Westfield. They made their home with that brother a short time, while Mr. Laing was seeking a location. He finally chose a farm in the town of Harris, where he made his home until his death, and where his wife still re- sides. They were parents of eight children and with the exception of two, all are living in Mar- quette County. One daughter, Ellen, wife of Henry ^M. Crowell. resides in Iroquois. D.-ik. Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton began their domestic life in the town of Westfield, where they have since PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 571, continiu'il to resifle. Two children came to bless tlie home hy their presence, a son and daughter, Nellie and Thomas A. Mr. Hamilton follows Ihe occupation of farming for a livelihood and like his brothers, is one of the energetic and thrifty men of the community. ORENZO CLINTSMAN,of Wautoma, Wau- shara County, is a native of the Empire State, having been born in Jeffers(m County, on the 17th of December, 1829. His parents, John and Melinda (Harris) Clintsman, became residents of Wisconsin in 1 854, settling near Waupun, where the husband engaged in farming for a number of years. Both died at their home in thatcommunity where tliey were highly respected citizens. Of their family of nine children, eight grew to ma- ture years — Alzina. became the wife of R. Allen, but is now deceased; Amanda is the wife of Sum- ner Morse, of Iowa; Lorinda wedded Allen AVilbur and died at her home in North port, Mich.; Caroline is the widow of Milton Nichols, of Waupun ; Jennie is the wife of David Norton, of the same city; Elijah is living in Waupun; Harris is a resident of St. Paul, Minn.; Lorenzo is the next in order of birth ;;and Laviara is the wife of Edward Thomp- son, of Brandon, Fond du Lac Couutj'. The subject of this sketch was a lad of fifteen j-ears when he left his native State, and acompanied his parents to Wisconsin. He remained at home until 1864, when he enlisted in Company D, of the 3d Wisconsin Regiment, and was mustered into the service at Madison. He joined his com- mand in Fayetteville, Tenn., and afterwards par- ticipated in the battles of Resaca, Dalton and Kenesaw Mountain. '^For ten idaj s' the regiment then halted on the .banks of the Chattahooche River, where Mr. Clintsman ; did _ picket duty. They then continued their march until j-eaching Peach Tree Creek, where a lively ."skirmish oc- curred, during which the L3d Regimenti sup- ported a battery. Following the enemy for a short distance another encounter occurred, in which our subject was wounded, a minie ball completely shattering his wrist. Being unfit for duty, he was thenisent back to the Division hospital, where he remained two weeks, living^upon hardtack and cof- fee, after which he wasjsent to Bennett Station, and later was confined in[a hospital at Chattanooga for two weeks. Being granted a furloughjhe then returned_^home and after three months reported at the hospital in Madison, where he remained until April 1, 1865, when he was sent to the hospital in Milwaukee, where he remained until being mustered out of the service on the 3rd of July, of the same year. AVhen the war was^over, Mr. Clintsman returned to his home in Fond du Lac County, and three years later in the city of Waupun, was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Mary Pitt, a daughter of Cyrus and'^Betsy Pitt. They are now parents of two sons and a daughter — Loltie^M.,Xlarence E.'and De Forrest. In 1875, Mr. Clintsman and his family came to Waushara County, and took up their abode on a farm in the town of Wautoma, where they rem.ained for about four years. At the expiration of that time they removed to Wild Rose and at length became resi- dents of the village '_."of Wautoma, |_where they still make their home, being numbered among its lead- ing and valued citizens. Mr. Clintsman in his social relations was a member of the G. A. R., be- longingjto Ed. Saxe Post, of Wautoma. Religiously he is a member of the United Brethren Church and liis wife a member of the Christian Church. y ILLIA^I PEAT, who resides'on^section 6, in the town^ of Packwaukee, Marquette County, is one of the oldest citizens of this community and is also numbered among the pioneer settlers, dating his residence from 1849. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Oct.' II, 1801, and is therefore;almost. ninety years of. age. . His father, Thomas Peat, was principal keeper of the records of Edinburgh and resided at Wheatland, near that city. The family was one of wealth and influence, and numbered nine children, but our subject is the only one now living. He was reared to man- hood in his native city and received a liberal etUi- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. cation, after which, while 3et a youtli, he assisted his father in his official ilulics. When he had at- tained to man's estate, be w.is united in marriage with Miss Margaret Ramsey, with whom he trav- eled life's journey for mmy years. In 1«4'J, ac corapanieil hy his family, which then consisted of wife and three children, two sons and a daughter, he crossed the Atlantic to America, and became a resident of Marquette County, Wis., where he has since continued to reside. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Peat were Thomas, who enlisted in the War of the Rebellion, and died at Columbus, Ky., on Oct. 15, 1863, at the age of twenty years; William B., who still resides on the old homestead and cultivates his father's farm; and -Vgnes Ramsey, who married William J. Huggins, and is now living in the Stale of New York. The mother of this family was called to her final rest Dec. 11, 1876, dying in the seventy -first year of her age. Mrs. Peat was a lady of cultu-e and refine- ment, who possessed an excellent educatiuu. and was a musician of rare taste and ability. .\s before stated, Mr. Peat received a libgral ed- ucation in his youth, his father having been a man of wealth and rank. Though he has now attained the age of nearly ninety years, he is still quite robust and in many respects a remarkable man, his memory of the past being most excellent. He is a gentleman of varied and excellent attainments, and advancing age has not deprived him of that high degree of renneinent which is characteristic of the iScotclimen of the higher classes. He is cordial and genial in disposition and a most esteemed and worthy citizen. ^^ NDRKW SCOIUK. one of Manpiette I^O County's "representative citizens who is |f Is extensively engaged in the manufacture of ^ plows in Neshkoro, Wis., is a native of Scotland, having been born in Pathgrcen, Perth- sliire, Nov. 16, 1833. His parents, Andrew and Jane ( Robertson) .Scobic, were silso natives of the same country, and with their family emigrated to America, in 18.52, settling in Jefferson County, Wi- . where llie father followed the occupation of faru ing until 1867, when he removed to the town of Neshkoro, Marquette County, making that his home until his death, in 1872. His wife survived her husband several years, passing away after a long and eventful life Jan. 22, 1880. That worthy couple were the parents of eight children, five sons and three daughters, all of whom are living with the exception of Mary, deceased wife of Thomas Wells, of Neshkoro, her death occurring Jan. 21, 1887. Andrew Scobie, whose name heads this sketch, is the eldest of the family. He was nineteen years of age when he crossed the Atlantic to America and since that time h.as m.ade his home in Wiscon- sin. When twenty-five years of age, he led to the marriage altar Miss Elizabeth Harper, who was born on the Shetland Islands, Feb. 16, 1836, and was a daughter of Hinds and Barbara (Gody) Harper. Her parents were also born on the Shet- land Islands and remained in their native land until 1837, when they crossed the Atlantic and be- came residents of Genesee County. N. Y., which continued to be their home for a period of ten years, when in 1847. they took up their abode in Magnolia Township, Rock County, Wis. They there resided until the death of the wife and mother which occurred July 25, 1862, after which Mr. Harper came to live with his daughter, Mrs. Scobie in Neshkoro. He survived his deeply mourned and estimable wife sixteen years and at length peacefully passed aw.ay on the 6th of April, 1877, when eighty-two years of age. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Harper numbered three sons and six daughters. Christina, the eldest, is the wife of Sylvester Craig of Waukau, Winnebago Co., Wis.; Barbara uecanie the wife of H. G. O. Childs of Washington, and died .May 1. 1858; Margaret is the widow of A. W. Peters, a former resident of Rock Count}-, W^is. ; Andrew died in Washington, Feb. 13, 1862, leaving a wife and four children; .lanet is the wife of Hiram Preston of Rock County, Wis.; Mary died in infancy; William H, and i Robert W. enlisted in the service of their country, Sept. 1, 1886, at Camp Itley. The former served until the close of the war, and being honorably discharged was mustereil out in August, 1865, and is now a resident of Colorado, but Robert, being but a boy of seventeen years when he eulisteil, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. was not strong enongb to endure the hardships and trials of war and died in tiie hospital at Nashville, Tenn., in the month of March. 18G;i. Elizabeth, another member of that family, as be- fore stated was born on the Shetland Isles, and was but a babe when she was brought to America b}- her parents with whom she remained until her mar- riage. She received her primary education in the district schools of the Empire State, and afterward pursued an academic course at Janesville. Wis. At the age of sixteen she began teaching and for several years taught in t|ie public schools of Rock Count}'. The last school of which she had charge was in Neshkoro, when laying aside the duties of that profession she was united in marriage with Andrew Scobie. This couple began their domestic life in Nesh- koro, where they still make their home. Their union has been blessed with four children, all sons, the eldest of whom, Andrew H. is engaged in busi- ness with his father; Willard R. is a resident of Dakota: Robert G. is engaged in milling; and Frank G., the youngest is still attending school. The parents are numbered among the leading citi- zens of Marquette County and rank among the most highly esteemed residents of Neshkoro. Mrs. Scobie is a consistent member of the Metiiodist Church, in which she was reared, and an earnest worker in the church and Sundaj'-school. Since 1857, Mr. Scobie has been eng.aged in tlie manu- facture of plows at Neshkoro, which business he still continues, his eldest son now being associated with him in that line. They also do an extensive business in repairing and casting. Mr. Scobie is ripe in yeirs of experience and in knowledge of the world and w.ays of men and has been very success- ful in his business enterprises. He justly ranks high in business and social circles and well deserves the higli regard in which he is held. J ACOB A. AVEGENKE, a prominent farmer ' of the town of Crystal Lake, Marquette ' County, residing on section 15, h.as passed ' his entire life in America on that farm. He is of German birth, having opened his eyes to the ' light of day in the Province of Posen, July 22, 1842. His father, Andrew Wegenke, was born in the same province about the year 1806. and on attain- ing to mature years was joined in wedlock with Anna Missal. Their family numbered eight children, four sons and four daughters, namely: Joseph, George, John, Justine, Minnie, Rosalie. Jacob A. and Ottilir. All are now living with the exception of Rosalie, who died in 1870. Mr. Wegenke fol- lowed the occupation of farming throughout his en- tire life and became a [jrosperoiis citizen. He died in the faith of the Catholic Church of which he had always been a member, in 1859, and his wife sur- vived him but three weeks, when she too was called home. The boyhood days of our subject passed une- ventfully, he assisting his father in the lal)ors of the farm and attending the district schools. At length he determined to seek a home in the new world. His parents were both dead, and bidding I good bye to the other members of the family, he sailed for America in 1865, when twenty-three years of age. He landed safely at Castle Garden on June 3, of that j'ear and at once resumed his journey, his destination being Marquette County. His first purchase of land consisted of 140 acres, constituting the farm on which he now makes his home. He taught German in the schools of Crys- tal Lake for two years, but with the exception of that time has devoted his entire attention to gen- eral farming, and is now nural)ered among the well- to-do citizous of the town. During his residence in this community he has been called upon to serve as Township Clerk for four years, was Side Super- visor and Assessor, and for the past ten years has been Township Chairman, and is the present in- cumbent of that office. Fidelity and promptness characterized the discharge of his official duties, as uprightness and integritj' have his business career, and it is needless to s.ay won the confidence of all concerned. He is also the able and efficient Secre- tary of the Farmers' Mulual Fire Insurance Com- pany, which position he has also held ten years. He supports the Democratic party in i)olitics and is a member of the Catholic Church, and one of the most influential men of the communitj'. Mr. Wegenke was united in marriage with M iss POinUAlT AND BIOGHAPIIICAL ALBUM. Ottilie Kinzel, a native of Poseu, Gennany, and by their union have been born tlic following eliildren: Josephine, born June 28, 1870; Robert, born Nov. 2, 1872; Adolph,born April 17, 1874; Henry, born April 1, 1876; Ella, l)orn March 18, 1878; Agatha, born Feb. 3, 1880: Lydia, born Oct. it, 1883; and Laura, .born April G, 1885. -^-^3- Jfl OHN LEACH, wlio resides on section 10 in the town of Marion, has been prominently ' identified with the history of Waushara since 'j the days of its early infancy, and his name is enrolled among the honored pioneers. In many ways has he aided in its upbuilding and advance- ment and with its agricultural interests he is inseparably connected. He was born in Leroy Jef- ferson Co., N. Y., Dec. 30, 1825, and is descended from one of the early New England fam- ilies. His father, Lemuel Leach, was a native of Vermont, born in 1790, and in Burlington. Vt., married Velora Stratton, who was born in the Green Mountain State in 1796. Their family numbered four sons — Milo, who died in Waushara County in 1888: Alonzo, who was engaged in the mercantile business and steamboating, died in Oshkosh, Wis.; John is the tiiird in order of birth; and Lemuel is engaged in farming in Minnesota. The father of this family in early life engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods in the East, and was thus employed at the time of the War of 1812. and furnished the soldiers with material for their suits. Later he engaged in the clothing bus- iness. He was a member of the Baptist Church, and was a highly respected citizen of Jefferson County, N. Y., where he lived at the time of his death. His widow afterward became the wife of Ezra Cole, by whom she luad three children, only one of whom is now living, George L. of Kock County, Minn. Mr. Cole died in 1856, but the mother of our subject still survives at the advanced age of ninety-three years. For many years she has been a member of the Baptist Church, and is beloved by all who know her. The subject of this sketch acquired his education in a log school house in Northern New York, and was reared to farm life. Not long after attaining his majority he determined to seek a home in the West, and in 1818. landed at Oshkosh, AVis. He spent the first winter at that place, and in 1849 came to Waushara County, where he entered a claim on section 10 in the town of Marion, which forms a part of his present fine farm. Not a fur- row had been turned or an improvement made upon his land. In conipan} with his brother Milo he rolled the logs to the site which he had chosen for a cabin and when it was built, moved in and put up a bed and cook stove, although the house wasnot_vet roofeervisor, for two years served as Chairman of the Town Board and for four years was Town Treasurer. He and his wife have a pleasant home ])rovided with all the comforts of life as a result of their perseverance, industry and enterprise. Their circle of friends is extensive and includes the best people of Waushara County. \ini,ENJAMIN F. RAPPOLE. who is engaged 11^^ in general farming and stock-raising on |^)Ji section 32, in the town of Mt. Morris, is ^^^' numbered among the early settlers of Wau- shara County, and is one of its progressive and enterprising citizens. He dales his residence from 1854 and has therefore witnessed the greater part 580 PORTRAIT AKD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. of the changes wliich have traiisforraeil tlie count}' from a wild and unsettled wilderness to its present | advanced position. .Mr. Rapi)ole was burn in Oneida County. N. Y.. on the 28tli of Oclohor, 1823. and is a son of i:)aniel and Mary (Bellington) Rappole, who were also natives of the Kmpire State, the father born of German parentage, while the mother was of German and .Scotch descent. They were married in Oneida County, where three children were horn unto them, Benjamin F. being the eldest; John is now living in Jefferson County, N. Y., and James M. is a resident of Orleans County. N. Y. The motiier. who was a sincere Christian woman, loved and re- spected by all, (Hod in 1828, when her cliildren were quite young. Mr. Rappole afterwards wedded Emily Cole, and unto them were born four child- ren — Mary, w-jio became the wife of Henry Huff and died in October. 1888; Kliza, wife of William Pierce of Jefferson County, X. Y. ; Emily, who is still single, and Francis A., who resides on the old homestead. Mr. Rappole died in Jefferson County, N. Y., on the 27th of December. 1878. He was for many years a member of the Methodist Church and w.as widely known for his acts of charity benevolence. His wife still survives him. Our subject when a lad went with his father to Jefferson County, N. Y.. where he was reared to manhood, receiving his education in the district schools. He remained under the parental roof until twenty-four years of age and then l)egan work as a farm hand. Since his emigration to the West he has made Waushara County his home. He decided to try his fortune in the West in 1854, and has never had occasion to regret liis choice. When he began life for himself he worked as a farm hand for $10 per month. His wages were afterwards increased nnd with the money thus ob- tained he purcliased his farm, which is situated on section 32 in the town of Mt. M> ■•o»o.^><^1§3-o*o «, - llr^IlILIP r. ROGERS, who is living with his son A. S., is one of the oldest citizens and an early settler of Waushara County. He was born in Tewksburj-, Mass., Jan. 17. 1804. and is a son of Philip Rogers, who served his country as a Lieutenant in the Revolutionary War. His mother was in her maidenhood Miss Lydia Clark. Eight children were born of the union of that worthy couple, but only two are now living: Oliver C, a resident of Massachusetts, and Philip. The early life of our subject passed uneventfully-, but after attaining to mature years he was united in marriage with Ruth Emery, the wedding taking place in Charlestown, Mass.. on the 15th of April, 182!). The lady was a native of Concord, N. H., born Feb. 12, 1807. They had but one child, A. S.. who is mentioned more fully el.sewhere. Mr. Rogers and his wife began their domestic life in Charlestown, but in 1831 removed to Con- cord, N. H., wheie he engaged in manuf.acturing for four yens. He then became a resident of Pitts- field, where for six years he was proprietor of the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 581 Suneook House, after which he returned to Con- cord and operated the Phenix Hotel, the leading house of that city at that time. He came to the West in 1848, landing at Milwaukee on tlie 19th of October. About 1850, he removed to Berlin, where he was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died July 10, 1863. She was a sincere member of the Congregational Church, and a lady heloved by all who knew her. They had traveled life's journey together for thirty-nine years, and the loss to Mr. Rogers was an irreparable one. He is now an old man, having attained to the advanced age of eighty-six 3-ears. Since his arrival in this community, he has been numbered among the lead- ing citizens, and was honored with several locnl offices, including that of Chairman of the Town Board, and President of the village of Berlin. He has lived a life of usefulness, and his upright career has won him the high regard of all with whom busi- ness or pleasure has brought him in contact. Augustus S. Rogers, the only son of the above- named gentleman, and the present Secretary of the Aurora Fire Insurance Company of Waushara County, resides on section 30, in the town of Mt. Morris, and is one of its leading farmers. He was born in Deerfield, N. H., March 23, 1833, and is a son of Philip S. and Ruth Rogers. His school life began in his native city, after which he pursued a preparatory course in the Pittsfield Academy, and subsequently graduated from the Pembroke Mili- tary Academy. His residence in the West covers a period of forty-one years, dating from 1848, when, with the family, he settled in Bcilin, Green Lake County. While there residing, Mr. Rogers became ac- quainted with, and married. Miss Lucy M. Clark, the wedding taking place Nov. 24, 1854. She was a daughter of Daniel Clark, a native of Ontario County, N. Y., and by their union were born the following named children: J. Philip, \vho gradu- ated from the Business College of Sioux Falls, S. D., and is now engaged in teaching in that .State; Frank A., who graduated from the Business Col- lege of Oshkosh, and is now a book-keeper in Sax- on, Ashland Co., Wis.; Ella P., wife of Chester Bantell, of Wausau, Wis. In 18(!(). the family came to this county, settling in the town of Marion, where they resided until 1865, when they removed to Mt. Morris, where the mother died Nov. 20, 1874. In the year 1 8(5 1, at the first call of President Lincoln for 75,000 troops to put down the re- hellion, Mr. Rogers offered his services to the Gov- ernment, and assisted in raising Company I, of the 7th Wisconsin Infantrj', which regiment formed a part of the famous Iron Brigade. He was commis- sioned Captain of the company, but resigned and became First Lieutenant. He was mustered into the State service at Wautoma, where he remained in camp for two and a half mouths, when he went to Madison, and was there mustered into the United States service. Shortly afterward he was sent to Washington, D. C, and entered into active service, being first undei- fire at Falls Church. Be- fore the battle of Chancellorsville, he resigned his commission and returned home, but again enlisted as a member of Company K, 38th Wisconsin In- fantry, becoming Orderly Sergeant. He participa- ted in the seige of Petersburg, and the battle of Hatchie's Run. and subsequently was detailed ns Chief Clerk of the 9th Medical Corps. He received his discharge in the field hospital in front of Pet- ersburg on account of disability, on the 25th of November, 1864. He served his country for more than three years, and was one uf its faithful de- fenders. When the war was over, Mr. Rogers returned to his home, and in July, 1865, removed to the farm on which he now resides. His wife dying in 1874, he was again mai-ried June 22, 1875, his second union being with Miss Susan A. F.migh, who was burn in this countj', and became the mother of three children — Charles R., Lula M., and Inez G. Few men are more widely or favorably known in Waushara County than Mr. Rogers. His public and private life are alike : bove reproach, and he has the respect and confidence of his fellow-citizens in an unusual degree, as shown by the many politi- cal honors which they have conferred upon him. For thirty years he held the office of Justice of the Pe.ace; was Clerk of the towns of Berlin, Marion, and Mt. Morris; was Assessor in the two last-named towns for a period of nine j'ears each; was Super- visor of the town of Marion for two terms, and in 582 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the town of Mt. Morris has been Supervisor, Chair- man of the Town Board, and Clerk for two terms. He was also Deputy .'^heriff of the county. He supports the Repulilicaii party, and a number of times has served as delegate to the county and State conventions. His public duties have ever been discharged in a manner creditable to himself, and satisfactory to his constituents, atid have won the approval of even his political enemies. Socially, Mr Rogers is a member of the Waushara Grange, the Odd Fellow's Society, and Ed. Saxe Post, No. 135, G. A. R., of which he was Commander, and is now Adjutant. The cause of education has ever found in him a firm friend. He was one of the first teachers of the county, being engaged in that capacity for forty-three terms. Many of the now prominent citizens of the community received their public instruction under his care. Other interests which are calculated to upbuild the community and promote the general welfare, have received his heart}' support and called forth his influence in their behalf. He is now living on section 3C, in tlie town of Mt. Morris, wiitM-e he owns a fine farm of 320 acres. ^^ ALEB F. Fl'LLER, the present Postmaster fll^^ of Weslfield, and one of its most respected ^^^' citizens, was born in Smithfield, R, I., Feb. 2, 1829, and is the son of Caleb Fuller, born in Attleboro, Mass. The latter is a direct descendant of the Rev. Thomas Fuller, whose sons were among the earliest settlers of New England, be- longing to the old Puritan families. From him descended man}' men and women of note. Caleb Fuller, father of our subject, removed with bis parents to Rhode Island when a child, and in that Stale engaged in manufacturing for many year.=. At the time of his death, which occurred Oct. 28, 1847, he was superintendent of a cotton factory. He married Miss Leafy Handy, dauglitir of Philip Handy, a direct descendant of Benjamin Franklin, who was one of the early settlers of Rliode Island, and for many years engaged in the iiniiufacture ol .-cylhes in that State. He was of English ances-try. By the marriage above men- tioned there were born six children who grew to mature years, Caleb F. being the eldest of that number; Albert G.. the second, is engaged in the livcrv business in Wcstfield; Alpha A. is the wife of Alonzo Fuller, of Chicago; William P. is living in AVestfield; Charles W. enlisted in Company E, of the Till Regiment Wisconsin Infantry, was cap- tured while on picket duty and confined in the An- dersonville |)rison, where he died; Joshua P. served in the 37th Regiment Wisconsin Infantry, and fell in the charge upon the rebel works immediate!}- succeeding the mine explosion in front of Peters- burg. AVilliam also served in Company F, of the 7th AVisconsin Infantry. The subject of this sketch was reared to manhood in his native state, and in his youth he began learn- ing the manufacture of cotton goods, becoming familiar with that business in all its departments. He there learned the haljits and methods of busi- ness life and proliably laid the foundation for his future success. He first visited Wisconsin during its territorial d.ays in 184G, when he w.as but sixteen years of age. Milwaukee was then but a small village, and many parts of the State were inhabited only by the red men. He remained for a short lime in W.ashington county, but soon afterward re- turned to Rhode Island, where he continued to re- side until 1855, which year witnessed his return to Wisconsin, He settled in the town of Newton, Marquette County, and turned his attention to farming, which he followed for three years, but in 1859 he met with an accident which forced him to abandon that occupation. In the month of August he was engaged in threshing in Washington County, .and by some mishap had his right foot so severely injured that it had to be amputated. When no longer fitted for agricultural pursuits, he looked about him for some other means of livelihood and became a candidate for the office of Clerk of the Board of Supervisors, to which he was elected. He removed to Monlello and continued to discharge the duties of tliat [wsition for four years, when, in 1863, in comi)any with A. P. Lipe. then County Treasurer of Marquette County, he erected a woolen factory in Harrisville. His early training in Rhode Lsland now proved of great benefit to him, and from IStJo until 1874, he was successfully PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. :)83 engaged in the manufacture of woolen cloth in Harrisville. He has the honor of having made the first cloth in Marquette County on a power loom. Mr. Fuller'.s residence in Westfleld dates from 1874, and he has held the office of Postmaster since 1881. He proved a faithful and competent official, and is quite popular with the citizens of Westfield and Marquette County where he is so widely known. He was reared in the J^emocratie school of politics, but united with the Republican party on its organ- ization, and has ever since been found in its ranks. Mr. Fuller is an intelligent and enterprising citizen who possesses much general information obtained both by observation and reading, and takes com- mendable interest in the educational moral growth of the community. He has ever given his support to all worthy enterprises and as a representative citizen we take great pleasure in presenting liim to the readers of this Album. ARLO R. TAYLOR, undertaker and insur- ance agent, of Berlin, was born in Lewiston, }^/ Niagara Co., N. Y., Oct. 9, 1821. His father, Levi Taylor, was born in Southeastern Ver- mont, on the Connecticut River, and was descended from an old New England familj'. His motiier, whose maiden name was Lucy Reed, was born in New York and was of an old Connecticut family. Carlo R., while an infant, accompanied his parents in their removal to Lockport, N. Y., where he w.as reared and received an academic education. When his school life was over he worked at the printer's trade in Lockport until the winter of 1837-8, when he went to Ypsilanti, Mich., where he spent one year, at the expiration of which time he removed to Ionia County of the same State, where his mother still resides. He engaged in farming in that county until 1843, at which time he became a resi- dent of Indiana, settling near South Bend, where he was employed by the St. Joseph Iron Company. He came to Wisconsin in the interests of that com- pany in 1848, and established a plant at Mayville, Dodge County, and continued in the service of the company for some years in a confidential cap.acity. In the spring of 1850 we find him in Green Lake County, having established business in Princeton, as a hardware dealer, to which stock he subsequently cdded general merchandise. He did not long remain in Princeton, however, but the same year came to Berlin, where he built and operated the first foundry and machine shop, which he conducted until 1859. He then sold out and the following year went South, where he was actively engaged in business operations until 1865. On his return to the North he again settled in Ionia, Mich., where he engaged in the stave and heading business until his removal to Indiana, when he went upon the road as an adjuster of claims against parties who had been guiltj- of infringement of patent, for a manufacturing companj'. He spent three years in that manner, during which time, his business call- ing him to Colorado, he engaged to some extent in prospecting in mining and other enterprises. He crossed the plains ten times, having made five trips to Colorado. In the spring of 1884 he returned to Berlin and engaged in his present business. Blr. Taylor has been twice married, his first union being celebrated in Misbawaka, Ind., in De cember, 1845, when Miss Martha Nicar became his wife. She was a native of Virginia and a daughter of Robert Nicar. Her death occurred in South Bend, Ind.. in the fall of 1882, leaving five chil- dren, three sons and two daughters: Mary is now the wife of J. C. Taylor, of Ionia, Mich.; George married Ella Childs, and resides in Elkhart, Ind.; Ellen is the wife of Gordon M. Murr.ay, of Nap- panee, Ind. ; Robert R. is married and resides in South Bend, Ind.; Edwin P. is first assistant phy. sician in the Mendota Hospital for the Insane, at Mendota, Wis. Mr. Taylor was married in Berlin in the fall of 1883, to Miss Eliza Brown, daughter of Lewis and Elizabeth R. Brown. She was born in Allegany County, N. Y., and came to Wisconsin with her parents in 1843. She spent some years in Walworth County, then came to Berlin with her mother in 1850, and has there resided ever since. Mrs. Taylor was one of the founders of the "Friends in Council,", in 1873, and is a graduate from the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle in the class of 1883. Mr. Taylor is a Democrat in politics, and previ- ous to the war served as Deputy United States 584 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Marshal under .Marshal Thomas, and later under Marshal Lewis, of Wisconsin. He was also chair- man of the town of Berlin several years, and served as .\lderman and Member of tlie Berlin School Board in early limes. He is a charter mem- ber of Berlin Lodge, No. 38, A. F. n the old homestead until August. 1862, when at the age of twenty years he resiwnded to his country's call for troops. Going to Racine, he en- listed in the 22d Wisconsin Infantry and partici- pated in all the most important engagements in which his command took part. He served until j the close of the war, when he was honorably dis- I charged, having faithfully performed every duty ! devolving upon him as a soldier and a loyal defender I of the Union cause. He w.is captured but after twenty d.ays' imprisonment was paroled. He was spared the fate of many of his comrades who suf- fered in Libby prison, he being there confined but ! twenty-four hours. On the 24th of June, 18fi4, he was wounded at Kenesaw Mountain and for three months was unfit for duty, during which time he was granted a furlough, being mustered j out and honoi'ably discharged .at Milwaukee in ] June, 18G5, when he returned to his home. I When the war was over and his duty to his coun- try discharged, Mr. Evans resumed his work upon his farm. In 1869, he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Evans, a lady of Welsh descent. Her father, Francis Evans, was one of the first set- tlers of Marquette County, bnt later became a resi- dent of Berlin, where his wife died in 1864; about two years later he removed to Minnesota, where his death occurred in 1888. Mrs. Evans, the wife of our subject, died in 1887, leaving three children to share the loss of a kind and loving wife and mother with the bereaved husband. She possessed a genial disposition, ever looking upon the bright side and had many warm friends in the community. Three children, as before staled, were born of that union; John E., aged sixteen ye.ars; Josephine, aged fourteen years; and Addie, who is twelve years of age. Mr. Evans is a Republican in politics. He has given his support to that party since casting bis I \ote in .\tlanta, Georgia, for Abraham Lincoln, in 1864. As all true American citizens should do, he feels an .active interest in political affairs and does what he can for the success and welfare I of the party. He li.as held a number of official I positions and is now Deputy Sheriff of the county. i .Socially, he is an Odd-Fellow .and is also a member of John H. Williams Post, No. 4, G. A. R. of Ber- , lin. Mr. Evans has a higiily cultivated farm of ! 200 acres, wliose manj- improvements and well- 1 1 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 587 tilled fields attract the noticse of the passer-bj' and lead him to form the correct idea that the oivner is a man of thrift and enterprise, as well as one wlio entertains practical and progressive ideas. Al- most in the center of his land is a natural building site and upon that he has erected a beautiful resi- dence, which he lias provided with all that makes life worth living. He is a successful farmer and by his worth and ability has secured the confidence and high esteem of all with whom he has come in contact. — =^ -i^m- — -^^- <¥/ AMKS WILSON ALLEN, a farmer of sec- 11 tion 13, Brooklyn Township, Green Lake 1) County, was born amid the wild and pie- ^^/' turcsque scenery of the Green Mountains in Addison County, Vt., his birth occurring Oct. 6, 1825. His paternal grandfather, Noah Allen, en- gaged in farming in that State until his death, which occurred at the .age of seventy-five j^ears. He was a relative of Col. Ethan Allen, whose brilliant re- ci>rd during the Revolutionary War made him famous. His family numbered si.Kteen children. The maternal grandfather of our subject, Thomas Smith, was born in Connecticut and married Eliz- abeth Bigelow. Later he removed to Massachu- setts, and afterward to Vermont, following farming in both States. Eight children were born of this union, one of whom became the mother of our sub- ject. On Feb. 14, 1801, in Addison County, Vl., Mar- tin Allen was born. In early life he engaged in agricultural pursuits, but in later years in con- nection with that occupation he followed carpenter- ing. He was a man of advanced ideas and at ttiat early period strongly advocated anti-slavery and pro'.iibition principles. At one time he an- nounced that he would have a barn-raising, stating that no whisky would be given at the time. Some of his acquaintances predicted tliat no one would respond to his call for .assistance, but when the day arrived so many liad assembled that he could not utilize them all. It was certainly an indication of his poijularity and the high regard in which he was held throughout the community. On the slavery question too, his views were far in advance of the general public sentiment, and he and his wife withdrew from the Methodist Church on account of the decided stand which he made for abolition. Mr. Allen, in Addison County, Vt., wedded Miss Hannah Smith, who was born in Belchertown. Mass., March 15, 1803. In 1854, they removed to Randolph, Columbia Co., Wis., where they prssed the remainder of their lives, the husband dy- ing in March, 1879, the wife in September, 1859. They were active workers in the Church and Sun- d.ay-school, and when they severed their connection with the Methodists, they united with the Wesley- ans. In early life, he supported the Whig partj", but when the Republican party w.as formed, to pre- vent the further extension of slavery, he joined I its ranks, continuing to give it his support until he pronounced in favor of the Prohibition party, believing the question of temperance to be tlie is- sue of greatest importance before the people. James W. Allen, of this sketch, was the second child in a family of four sons and one daughter. He was reared to farm life, and in the district schools of his native county received his education. When he was twenty years of age, his father pro- I posed to board him and give him all the charcoal I which he could make during the year to exceed I four thousand bushels. When the twelve months had exi)ired, it w.as found that he had doubled the [ amount, his share being worth $100. After ad- ding to his capital by working by the month for j a year, he then purchased a piece of land and be- gan farming. He also helped to build the first ! railroad, the Burlington & Rutland, tliat ran through the State, and later engaged in the con- struction of wood sheds and bridges for the same company, having learned the carpenter's trade by watching his father vvhen thus employed. The marriage of Mr. Allen occurred Dec. 5, 1848, when Miss Nancy R. Mason, who was born in P^ssex County, N. Y., July 10, 1829, became his wife. Of her people we will speak hereafter. Five children were born of their union, as follows: James W., tvho died when three weeks old; Wil- lard A., who died at the age of two months; Eliza M., wife of Wendell Murray, bj' whom she has one child, Edna R. ; Cyntliia E., wife of Clarence Flowers, of Fond du Lac; Charles W., who married )8« PUKTKAIT AND BIOGUAI'HICAL ALBUM Susie Hanson, and bas two children, James W. and Eva M. In 18a.{. Mr. Allen, with his family, cniiie to Green Lake County, and settled upon the farm which he still mnkes his home. It is one of the fin- est in the community, made so by the untiring ef- forts of the owner. The residence is a fine brick structure, the barns anil outbuildings are models of convenience, and the well-tilled fields are indi- cations of thrift and enterprise. The farm com- jirises 160 acres owned by Mr. .Mien and fifty acres which is his wife's property. Like his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Allen left the Methodist Church on ac- count of their abolition views and are now consistent Congregationalists. He supported the Kepublican party until within the past few years, since which time he has identified himself with the Prohibition jiarty. Mr. Allen and family are held in high re- gard by all who know them, lie is a valued citizen, true to his convictions of right and wrong, and has secured and retained the confidence of all with whom business or social relations have brought him in contact. The father of .Mrs. Allen. Joseph .M.ason. was born in Canada, in January, lS02,and when a lad removed with his parents to Vermont. He married I'crmelia Miller, a native of New York, born in 1809. They made their home in the Empire State for some time, after which they removed to Vermont, where Mrs. Mason died at the age of twenty-three years, leaving one child — Jlrs. Allen. The husband was afterward again married, his second union being with Koxalana Bancrt>tt, by whom he hail twin boys. He was a highly-respected citizen .vid a prominent and influential man in the community where he made his home. See portrait on opposite page. Vtp?) 1)1) A. BEAN, owner and proprietor of the U^; Lincoln House, of Wautoma. was born in /ILsi ^ Fond du Lac. Wis.. Aug. 28. 18.56, and is a son of Albert and .Vrvilla A. (Connor) Bean, both of whom were natives of Merrimac County, N. H., wluie their marriage was celebrated. They be- canu the |)arent« of eight children, six of whom were born in the old Granite State, while the birth of the two yoiingest occurred after the emigration I of the family to Wisconsin. Charles, the first born, a l)lacksmith by trade, is a resident of Copenhagen, N. v.; John is the present Judge of the County Court of Greeley County', Neb.; Frankie is the wife of James -Mather, of Lincoln County, Wis.; George died in Wautoma. at the age of twenty- eight years; Katie became the wife of Charles Vail, and died at her home in Oshkosh; Fred C. a blacksmith by trade, died in 1878; Edd A. is the ne.\t younger; and Emma, wife of Charles Searl, a jeweler, of Merrill, Lincoln Co.. Wis., completes the family. As before stated, in the year 185."), Mr. Bean, ac- I comp.anied by his wife and children, came to Wis- j cousin. He first settled near Ripon, where he : followed farming for about two years, when, in I 18.t7, he came to Wautoma and worked at his trade of blacksmithing for a year. In 1858 he purchased a farm of 150 acres in the town of Wautoma, and j for the succeeding five years devoted his time and aftention to its cullivatiini. but at the expiration 1 of that time .sold out and again resumed work at ! his trade, in connection with which he engaged in : the manufacture of wagons and carriages. He was I associated in business with Charles Kingsley. and j carried on operations in that line until his death, which occurred on the 27th of March. 1872. Mr. I Bean won the respect and high regard of all who knew him, and his memory will long be cherished by the many friends which he left behind. His upright and honorable dealings in all business transactions won the confidence of all with whom he came in contact, and his word was .as readily re- ceived as Lis bond. Charitable and benevolent, he gave liberally to those in need, and was lenient in his judgment, always seeking the good rather than the evil in a person. Both he and his wife were devotefl members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and were always found at their places in the house of worship. Mrs. Bean survived her husband until .May 3. 1880, when she too passed away, at the age of fifty-nine years. Like him, she was greatly beloved for her many excellencies of character and the manifold deeds of kindness which she performed. With .-such parents, it is not strange that our sub- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 589 ject has become tlie lionorable and respected gentle- man which all know him to be. His entire life has been passed in Wisconsin, and with the liistory of Waushara County he has been closely connected. He received his education In the schools of Wau- toma and then turned his attention to blacksniith- ing, learning the trade with his father. He also became a skilled mechanic, possessing a natural tal- ent in that direction. At the age of twenty years he entered the blacksmith shop with his brother Fred, where he remained \intil 1876, when he em- barked in business for himself, opening a general repair shop in connection with the blacksmith de- partment. His thorough knowledge of the busi- ness, combined with his excellent workmanship, won him a liberal i»tronage, and he carried on business successfully nntil 1886, when he purchased the hotel property known as the Lincoln House. The following year his shop was burned down, and since that time he has devoted his entire attention to his present business. In the month of November, 1879, Mr. Bean led to the marriage altar Miss Hattie E. Jones, who was born in Wautoma, May 29, 1861, and is a daughter of George W. and Abigail (ILayward) Jones, the former a native of New Jersey, and the latter of Michigan. The mother died when Hattie was about three years old, and she then went to make her iiome with her uncle, John Jones, of Wautoma. She received her education in the schools of her native town, and for two years was one of the successful teachers of the county. Two children were born of the union — Anna C who died in infancy; and Arthur E., born May 2-1. 1882. Mr. Bean is an enterprising and progressive citi- zen. He casts his ballot with the Republican party, and is a warm advocate of its principles. He is cordial and genial in manner, gentlemanly in deportment and wins the respect and well wisiies of all his guests. The Lincoln House, of which he is proprietor, is the leading hotel of Wautoma. It is conveniently situated near the cenire of that thriving little city, and furnishes excellent enter- tainment to the traveling public, with which it has found great favor. Wlien Mr. Bean purchased it, in 1886, he completely remodeled it and made it a first-class hotel. It is light and airy, well- venti- lated, and neatness everywhere abounds. Mrs. Bean, a most estimable lad}', superintends the din- ing room and sleeping apartments, and in conse- quence everything is clean, wholesome and inviting. The guests are always made to feel at ease, and take with them on leaving a pleasant memory of their sojourn at the Lincjln Hou^e. We would recommend it to all wlio wish hotel accommoda- tions in Wautoma, knowing that all will receive the most careful attention from its genial host and amiable hostess. Mr. Bean also has a livery stable in connection with his hotel, where he furnishes good rigs at liberal rates. HILO DARLING, who is engaged in gen- eral farming and stock-raising, on section 35 in the town of Rose, Waushara County, is a native of Lower Canada. He was born on the 10th day of June, 1833, and is the eldest in a family of eleven children, ten of whom grew to mature years, while seven of that number are yet living. His parents were John and Marilda (Gaylor) Darling. The father was a native of Vermont, but when a young man went to Canada, where be became acquainted with and married Miss G.a3'lor. They afterward made their home in the Green Mountain State, and in 185-t became resi- dents of Waupaca County, Wis., where Mr. Darling entered a claim and developed a farm upon which he resided until 1873. when he w&s called to his final home. His wife still survives him at this writing, in 1890. Their children yet living are — Philo, of this sketch; Hannah, wife of William Gibson, of Lawrence, Mass.; Lorinda, wife of Henry Darling, of Canada; Susie, wife of Henry Edwards, of Dakota; Melissa, wife of James M. Darling, of Waldo, Wis. ; George, of Crystal Lake, Wis.; Lucretia, wife of Charles Herbert, of Wau- p.aca; and Luman, of Wautoma. The early life of our subject was passed in the usual manner of farmer lads, he assisting his father in the cultivation of the land and attending the common schools of Waterbury. Vt. On attaining his majority be left the parental roof and started PORTRAIT AND IJIOGRAI'IIICAL ALBUM. out in life for himself. He deteimined to liy his fortune in the West, and bidding good-bye to his old home staited for Wisconsin. On reaching Waupaca County he made a claim of ninety-five acres of land hitherto uncultivated, but after a year sold out and engaged in lumbering during the suc- ceeding seven years. About the expiration of that time he was united in marriage witii Miss Martha Jeffers, who was born in tlie town of Rose, Wayne Co., N. Y., in 1843, and with her father, James W. Jeffeis, one of tlie honored pioneers of Wisconsin, came to the West. About two years after his mar- riage, Mr. Darling purchased fifty-seven acres of land in the town of Spring Water, Waushara County, and from the wild land developed a fine farm. In February, 1861, our subject enlisted for the war as a member of Company B, 35th Wisconsin Infantry, and with his regiment participated in the siege at Spanish Fort, and other important engage- ments. During the entire service tlie regiment was engaged in active duty, and marclied 8.050 miles. At length they were discharged at Madison, in February, l'86G, after two years spent upon the Southern battlefields, when Mr. Darling returned to liis home in the town of Spring Water and the young bride wliom he had left to battle for his country. The same year he sold his farm in the town of Spring Water, and removed to the town of Wautonia, but in 1869 he purchased his present farm, where he has since made his liome. He raises a good grade of stock, and 105 .icres of highly cultivated land pay tribute to the care and labor which he bestows upon it. The farm comprises a quarter-section of land, but the remainder has not been improved. In his business transactions he has been quite successful, and has become one of the prosperous farmers of the community. When he first came to Wisconsin he used a breaking-plow, drawn by four or six yoke of oxen, but now hiis the latest improved machinery and everything nec- e^sary to a model farm of the nineteenth century, lie entertains progressive as well as practical ideas, and has therefore niadc his business a prosperous I iito Ml. ami Mrs. D.-iriini: haxobeen born seven cliiklieu: William, who married Miss Lizzie Davis, is engaged in farming in the town of Spring Water; Henry, Etta, Frank. Cora, Philo and Gor- don are still with their parents. The family circle remains unbroken, although the eldest has left the parental roof. Mr. Darling has filled various offices of honor and trust in his township, and in politics is an ardent supporter of the Republican party. Socially he is a member of Ed. .Saxe Post, No. 135, G. A. R.. and his wife belongs to the W. R. C., an auxil- iary of the i)ost. He has ever taken an active part in all that pertiins to the upbuilding of town and county, and .as the result of his industry has gained for himself and family one of the most comfort- ables homes in the town of Rose. ■-^ €-*-^ ^- IMEON POND, a retired lumber merchant of Westfield, is one of tliree brothers who have been identified with the growth and upbuilding of Marquette County since the days of its early history. He was born in Addison, Steuben Co., N. Y.. on the 26th of November. 1830. and was reared to the occupation of farming, which he followed with good success until after the war. He came to Marquette County in 1855, making his first home in the town of Packwaukee, where he remained for two years, when he became a resident of the town of Springfield. Ten years afterward he removed to Monlello and nine j'ears later made a permanent settlement in Westfield. Mr. Pond was married Nov. 26, 1854, his union being with Miss Flora E. Ilotchkiss, of Packwau- kee. Unto them were born the following children — Frederick Eugene, born April 8, 1856; Ida May, born July 17, 1858; Charles E., born Dec. 9, 1869; and Frank L., born Sept. 24, 1872. The eldest son was formerly the proprietor and popular edi- tor of Wikliroods Magazine and is a writer of much merit, while the only daughter is the wife of Dr. P. E. Minckler of Westfield. Mrs. Pond was born July n, 1837. in Green Count}-, N. Y., and is a daughter of Willis and Samantha (Mallory) Hotch- kiss. She is an estimable lady and like her hus- band is hehl in liigli regard. Mr. Pond was a faithful and gallaul soldier in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 591 the War for the Union. f)n the loth of August, 18(52, he enlisted in Company A, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, anrt after serving faithfully with iiis coiiimancl until the end of the war was honora- bly diseharoed June 26, 1865, and mustered out at Milwaukee on the 13th of July, following. His once robust constitution was much broken down by the exposures and hardsliips of army life and he has never fully regained his former health. Being unable to resume fanning, Mr. Pond engaged in the lumber trade at Montello and later followed the same business in Westfield, liut is now living a re- tired life. He has a pleasant home and comforta- ble competence as the result of his years of business industr}' and can spend his last days in the enjo}'- ment of the fruits of his former toil. ^p^UGUST SWANKE, President of the Town ^fUl Board of Princeton, is engaged in the man- /// ii> ufacture of carriages and wagons in that ^ city. He is a Prussian by birth, having first opened his eyes to the light of day in that country on the 16th day of September, 1833. Charles and Augusta (Henke) Swanke, his parents, were also natives of Prussia, in which country they passed their entire lives. Their six children yet living are John, who resides in St. Marie township. Green Lake County ; Henrietta, who resides in Eau Claire County, Wis.; Paulina who is living in Russia; Matilda and Amelia wliose homes are in the same country ; and August of this sketcli. Two other children of tiie family have now passed away. In the common schools of his n itive country our subject received his education and at the early age of fourteen years began life for iiimself. At that time he left home to serve an apitrenticeship to tlie wagon and carriage maker's traile and in that way laid the foundation for his success in after life. For three years ho worked as an apprentice, after which he engaged at his trade in various places un- til 1856, when he bade good-bye to home and na- tive land and embarked for America. His destina- tion was Princeton, Wis., and on landing on the sliores of the new world he proceeded directly to that place, where he has made his home continu- ously since. The year succeeding his arrival he was married, and knowing that he now had a wife dependent upon him, he resumed his labors with renewed zeal which resulted in a degree of success far succeeding his early expectations. The first two years of his life in America were spent as an employe, but in 1858, he rented a shop and began business for himself, tliere continuing operations until 1866, when he erected a large stone building that is now used as a blacksmith shop That he occupied until 1873, when he erected anotlier and more commodious stone building, where he now carries on his work. He not only thoroughly un- dei stands the construction of carriages and wagons hut does all his own painting and decorating, and the goods from his factory have won high com- mendation. Though beginning at the lowest round of the ladder, step by step he has steadily worked his way upward until he is now at the head of a lucrative business, the income of which enables him to be ranked among the substantial mertliants of Princeton. As before stated, in 1857 Mr. Swanke was mar- ried, the lady of his choice being Miss Minnie Dun- dee. The ceremony was performed in the month of December, and to the happy couple eight chiidren have been born, liut two have now passed away. Those living are Julius, who is still at home; Ellis, a resident of Watertown, Wis.; Clara, August, Hanson and Sarah. The parents have provided their children with liberal educational advantages both in li eraiy una mus-'cil studies, and may well be proud of their interesting sons and daughters. Though Mr. Swanke had ever devoted himself with great energy and perseverance to his business affairs, he Las yet found time to respond to the calls made by his fellow citizens to represent them in official positions. He has served as Chairman of the Board of Supervisors, was Treasurer for two terms, was Trustee and now holds the office of Pres- ident of the Town Board. He is a supporter of the Democracy and is a public spirited and a pro- gressive citizen, who from the early history of the count}- has been connected with its growth and de- velopment. He came to Princeton when it was but a mere hamlet and has aided largely in its im- provement by the erection of three store buildings, 592 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. a large brick planing mill and an elegant, commo- dious frame dwelling. Himself and wife are mem- bers of the Lutheran Church and are faithful Chris- tian people. '^tj% ATRICK CROARIvKN.the present efficient I JJj t ounty Clerk of Marquette County, was '^l?^ born in Deerfield. Herkimer Co., N. Y.. |£ July 7, 1S43, of Irish parentage. He is a son of James and Alice (McCarran) Croarken, both of whom were natives of County Monaghan, Ire- land, where they were married July 16, 1842. In the spring of the following year they removed to this countrj-, their first location being in Deerfield. Herkimer Co.. N. Y.. where they remained until 184'.». One of the most important event.s of their life in Deerlield, w:xs the birth of their son as above mentioned. In the spring of the year above stated, they left the East, and came to Wisconsin, locating in Wauwatosa, now ^Milwaukee, where they re- mained until the following October, when they came to Marquette County, taking up tlieir resi- dence in the town of f?hields, where Mr. Croarken pre-empted a homestead, which he afterward im- proved until it became quite valuable. His widow is still living on that farm. On the 20th of De- cember, 1861. he responded to the call of his adopted country for troops to put down the Rebel- lion, enlisting in Ctimpany C, 3d ^Visconsin Cav- alry, and was with the 2d Battalion in Kansas, and other .Southwestern .states, through all of its ser- vice there, .acting as train escort, fighting Quan- trell's guerrillas, and skirmishing with the Indians. One of the most notable of the engagements in which he participated was the battle of Baxter Springs. Ind. Ter.. on the 6th of October. 1863, when Quantrell's band disguised in Federal uni- forms, assaulted (Jen. Blunt, who was commanding the .\rmy of the Frontier, escorted by about 100 cavalrymen and colored troops, en route for Ft. Scott. The General escaped, together with about fifteen men, including Mr. Croarken, but the re- mainder were all captured, robbed and murdered in cold blood. He became disabled, and was dis- charged May 6, 1864, under a special order issued by the War Department April 26, 1864. His death occurred on the 4lh of April, 1868. Our subject m.ide his home with his father, do- ing his share in the work of improvement and pro- gress which the (lioneers of this part of Wisconsin found awaiting them, and at times attending school until sixteen years of age, when, though a mere boy he enlisted in Company E, of the 7th Wiscon- sin Infantry without the knowledge of his parents, but they were ma;i. but the year previous had begun prepara- tions for a home by entering land on section 17, in the town of Marion. He and his brother labored together for two or three j-ears, cultivating the wild and undeveloped prairie into fertile tracts of farm land, but at length severed their connec- tion, each laboring for his own interest. On the iM of Felruary, 18.55, Mr. Storke was united in marriage with Miss Jane Barnliart, who was born in Oxford, Canada West, and with her parents came to Waushara County, in 1 850. Her fatlier died in July, 1876, but her mother still sur- vives and makes her home with her daughter, Mrs. Jennis, having now reached the advanced .age of eighty-eight years. The same year in which he was married, .Mr. Storke erected a house upon his claim, 16x22 feet. It was made of sheeting and was neither lathed nor plastered, but he afterward made extensive additions to it and repairing the old portion had a good home. He has lived a useful and industrious life, and although he was in very limited circumstances on his arrivjil in this county he has become one of the substantial citi- zens of the town of Marion. His career, however, has not always been a prosperous one. He has with a number of reverses, and twice suffered considerable loss by fire. On Dec. 14, 1875, his large barn. 30x60 feet with 16-foot posts was burned with most of its contents, inLluding grain and fodder enough to feed his stock through the en- tire winter. Again in 1885, fire broke out upon the farm and swept away the pioneer home, but with characteristic energy, Mr. Storke at once re- placed it with a commodious and substantial resi- dence, two stories high, the main building of which is 16x24 feet, while the dimensions of the "L" are 16x24 feet and the kitchen 12x14 feet. It is one of the most comfortable homes in the county and is neatly and tastefully furnisiied. Other improve- ments have also been made and the work of devel- opment has been steadily carried forward until the 170 acres of land which be entered have l)een con- verted into a rich and fertile farm, which p.ays a golden tribute to the care and labor which he has bestowed upon it. The stock which he raises is of good grades and he is now making a specialty of the breeding of Jersey cattle. Only once since Mr. Storke took up his resi- dence in Waushara Count}-, has he left home for an}' length of time. In 1865, he enlisted in Com- pany C, of the 52d Wisconsin Infantry, for one year's service and after being mustered in .at Madi- son was ordered to the front. He was eng.aged in active duty until June. 1865, when he was taken sick and w.as un.able longer to perform the ardu- ous tiisks devolving upon a soldier. He did not care to enter the hospital, however, but remained with his regiment until mustered out at the close of the war. He possessed a strong and robust con- stitution when he entered the service, but the rigor and hardships of war broke down his health and he has never since possessed the strength of former years. In the early days of the county he could cut and cradle three acres of grain in a half day and cut two cords of wood per day. During his residence in this county he has tilled various township offices and in many ways has aided in the upbuilding of the community and the advance- ments of its interests. Politically, he is a supporter of the Republican party. Mr. and Mrs. Storke are the parents of three children: Delia C, wife of John Deuel, a resident PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. farmer of tlie town of Dakota, Waushara Count}-; Charles E., boru Sept. 8, 1858, was united in mar- riage Jan. 29, 1887. with Miss Lizzie Davis, a native of the town of Warren, Waushara Count}*, ami a daugiiter of Ed J. Davis, and is engaged in farming; Lew B,, liorn April 21, 1875, is still at home. The children received good educational advantages and are thereby qualified for useful positions in life. WILLIAM B. DODGE has been one of the representative citizens of Montello since his settlement in that village in the spring of 1873. He was born in Madison County, N. Y., Nov. 2, 1823, and is descended from an old New England family. His paternal greatgrandfather, Ira Dodge, left his home in Connecticut and re- moved to Byron, Genesee Co., N. Y., at an early day in the history of that part of the country. His son Anson on leaving Connecticut, where he was born, went to Madison County, N. Y., and later became a resident of Orleans County. Orrin Dodge, the father of our subject, was also a native of Connecticut, but removed with his parents to the Empire State in his childhood. 'He was reared in Madison County and received an excellent education for that day. He afterwards engaged in teaching and was very successful in the prosecution of that profession. He married Janet Beswick, a native of Madison County, who died at the birth of our subject, her only child. Shortly afterwards, Mr. Dodge removed to Troy, N. Y., and took charge of weigh-locks on the Erie Canal, which business he followed for several years. On severing his connection witli the canal companj- he engaged in the mercantile and lumber trade at Troy as a partner of Jabez Burrows, whose sister Laura he married for his second wife. They carried on the business conjointly for a few years, when having been converted, Mr. Dodge entered the ministry of the Baptist Church and continued to follow that holy calling until disqualified by age and failing health. He took charge of churches at various places for a number of years, but in 1848 became the District Secretary of the Missionary Union and for twenty-one years served his church faithfully in that capacity. He died in May, 1884, at the age I of eighty-two years. He was a worthy Christian gentleman and did much to promote the interests of religion, especially in the missionary field, where his influence and power were greatly felt for many years. As before stated, the mother of our subject died at his birth, so William was reared to manhood iu the family of his paternal grandfather. The days of his boyhood and youth were spent upon a farm and in the common schools he began his education, but afterwards entered the Oneida Conference Sem- inary, of Cazenovia, N. Y. On leaving school, he engaged in teaching and farming for a number of 3-earsbutat length altogether abandoned the former profession and devoteil his entire time to the culti- vation of his father's farm in Orleans County. Mr. Dodge has been twice married. In the au- tumn of 1843, he was joined in wedlock with Miss Mary Cook, and their union was blessed with a daughter, Orlina Janet, who was born July 15, 1845, and died Oct. 29, 1859. In 1856 Mr. Dodge led to the marriage altar Miss Rachel Seaver, who was born in Orleans County, Yt., in December, 1823, being one month younger than her husband. Her parents were Dorcas and Henry Seaver, who were also natives of the Green Mountain State and removed thence to Dane County, Wis., in 1855, where they resided until called to their final home. Their family numbered twelve children, nine of whom attained to mature years, but only two are now living, namely: Mrs. Eveline Page of Kock County; George, the only surviving son. who is a resident of Milwaukee. Mrs. Dodge dieend their last days. Few citizens of the connnunily are more widely known and none are held in higher regard. 'Jheir upright lives have won them the respect and con- fidence of all and from the early il.ays of their set- tlement in Marquette County their circle of friends has been very extensive. sHOMAS JOSLIX. deceased, is numbered among the pioneer settlers of Waushara County, and ranked among its best citizens. He was a native of Rhode Island, and in Cumber- land Hills, that State, in his earlier years, learned the tr.ade of a blacksmith, which business he fol- lowed throughout his entire life. When he had completely mastered the occupation, he was placed in charge of a trip hammer in a rolling mill, then located in Winstead, R. I., and owned by Mr. Boyd. While a resident of that city, Mr. Joslin was united in marriage with Miss Kliza Moses and during their residence in Winstead three of their children were born: Sarah, Mary and Phronia, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 601 while Thomas H., the youngest, was born after the emigration of the family to Wisconsin. Severing his business connectioiiS in Winstead, Mr. Joslin removed to Wisconsin in 184.5. and settled near where the city of Oshkosh now stands and during those early da\'s worked for the Win- nebago cliief, Oshkosh. for wliom tiie city was named. lie became well acquainted with that person.age and also wns quite familiar with the habits and customs of that tribe of Indians. Thoj' were generally of a friendly mood, but sometimes committed depredations and occasionally when under the influence of whiskey, or " red eye" as the Indians called it, would steal the children of the settlers. Mr. Joslin continued to make his home in Winnebago County until 18.55, when he renioveil with his family to Waushara County, where, as for- merly, he followed the occupation of blaeksniith- ing. Day after day he was found at his forge and to say that one was not .acquainted with Mr. .loslin was almost to argue oneself unknown. He was held in the highest respect by all and his death was sincerely mourned. His wife still survives him and is making her home with her son. Thomas H. Joslin, Jr., who is now a leading farmer of Marion Township, was born in Winne bago County, Wis., July 13, 1849, and with his parents came to Waushara County when a lad of six years. In the district schools of the neighbor- hood he acquired his education and amid the pioneer scenes of this community was reared to man- hood. His father owning a farm, he aided in the cultivation of the land for a time, but during his youth and the early days of his manhood he fol- lowed various occupations. A portion of the time was spent in the pineries of Northern Wisconsin, but at the age of eighteen years he began learning the carpenter's trade, which he easily mastered as he possessed mechanical genius. He has aided in the erection of many of the best farm buildings in Marion and adjoining townships, and in that way has done much for the upbuilding of the county. Tiring of that life, however, he laid aside his tools and embarked in the general mercantile business at Spring Lake, Waushara County, and for six years successfully conducted the same. Ill health, brought on by close confinement, finally forced him to dis- pose of his business and engage in some pursuit which would call him more into the open air and require him to take greater exercise. In conse- quence he traded his stock of goods for 175 acres of land in Marion Township, his present farm. In connection with its cultivation he is also engaged in the culture of bees, having an apiary, which consists of forty-two hives. This yields him a good income and is a profitable branch of his business. On the lull of July, 187-2, Thomas H. Joslin was united in marriage with Miss Ella Fuller and unto them were boin four children: Ira, Delmer, Mary and Gilbert. The mother was called to her final rest March 5, 1885. All who knew her loved her and her death was sincerely mourned not only by her immediate family but by her many friends also. Mr. Joslin was again married July 30, 1887, when Miss Lizzie Kemp became his wife. She was born in Wautoma and her parents were numbered among the honored pioneers of Waushara County. They have one child. For the past thirty-five years our subject has been identified with the best interests and leading enterprises of the county. In his political affilia- tions he is a Republican and a stanch supporter of the party principles. During his residence in Spring Lake he served for five years as Postmaster and proved an able and efficient officer. . . .g . l .l T .g..-. ^^XDREW H. SCOBIE, the junior member (^0| of the firm of Scobie & Son, manufactur- 11 IB ers and dealers in plows, of Neshkoro, was ^J born in the village where he yet makes his home on the '2d of October, 1859. He received his early education in the common schools of the village, afterward attended Ripon College for a year, and later pursued a business course under the direction of W. W. Daggett, of the Oshkosh Bnsi- siness College. When his education was completed he returned home and began traveling as salesman for his father, in which line of business he con- tinued for a period of six years with good success. At the end of that time he purchased a half inter- est in the business, and united his energy and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. enterprise witli the experience and more nmturcii judgment of his fatlier. The firm of Scobie & Son has been remarkabl)' successful, and is now at the liead of one of the most prominent manufac- tories of Marquette County. Their trade is conslanti3' increasing and extends over a wide territory. Our subject displays much aliility in business circles, and in all probability in the course of time will become one of the wealthiest men of the com- munity. He is still single and makes his home with his parents in the village wliere his entire life lias been passed. WILLIAJI W. COOPER, who is the owner of a flne farm of 200 acres, situated on section 34, in the town of Buffalo, is numbered among the early settlers of Marquette County. He is a native of New Jersey, and a son of David and Rachel (Wyman) Cooper. His father was born in England and came to this coun- try in 1811), when forty-five years of age. He had previously been married, but his wife had died, and on bis journey he was accompanied by his two children — a son, who is supposed to have been killed during the late war, and a daughter. Mar}' Ann, who is now the wife of Nathan R. Bird, of Dunn County, Wis. Two years after his arrival in America, Mr. Cooper wedded Miss Rachel Wyman, a native of New Jersey, and a daughter of Isaac Wyman, who was also born in the same Slate, but traces his ancestry through many generations until the family is found to have been of Holland origin. The subject of this sketch was the only child born to David and Rachel Cooper. He was left an orphan when only four months old, his parents dying within a few woeks of one another. He had many relatives, and by them was cared for until he could earn his own livelihood. He w.ns born Oct. 27, 1822, and at an early .age began working in a paper mill. In his youth he also engaged in clerk- ing, and afterward followed the profession of teach- ing until t«ent_v-f()ur years of age, when the aunt with whom he was living having died, he came to the West with the view of lrvinility "= LORENTINE A. HO TCHKISS, who resides PI on section 12, in the town of Packwaukee, Marquette County, is a representative of one of the earl}' families of this community, his father, Willis Hotchkiss, having settled on the farm where our subject now resides, in the fall of 18.50. He was born near Catskill. N. V., Oct., 16, 1806. and was a son of a Revolutionary soldier. He was a car[)enter and joiner by trade but in after life followed farming. He married .Samantha Mal- lory and with his famil}- emigrated to Wisconsin in the spring of 1850, settling in what is now Green Lake Count}', but in the fall of the same year came to Marquette County. He pre-empted land on section 11. in the town of Pickwaukee and for thirty years there made his home. He was a good farmer, a prosperous business man and one of the leading and influential citizens of the community. His death occurred April 3, 1881, and his wife also died on the old homestead Jan. 11. 18H6. at the advanced age of eighty years. Four of their five children are still living — Mrs. Mary J. Wells, who resides in Fond du Lac; Mrs. Flora Pond, of Westfield; Harriet, wife of Charles Richards, of Wausau, Wis.; and Florentine A. Frederick died March 9, 1853, at the age of eighteen 3ears. The subject of this sketch remained under the parental roof until he entered the army. He was reared to manhood upon the old farm, being sub- ject to all the e.Kperienccs and difficulties of pio- neer life. He offered his services to the Govern- ment on the 1st of November, 1861. and was en- rolled as a member of Company C. 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, with which he served until the close of the war. The reginieiit went into camp at Jauesville, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and thence went to St. Louis, where after a month orders were received to proceed to Ft. Leaven- worth, Kan. Horses were there provided for the troops which completed their equipments and it was not long before they were engaged in active duty. His service was not a kiud to vvin honor and dis- tinction, hut was often fraught with more perils and liardship than fell to the lot of those engaged in regular warfare. Ft. Scott remained the liead- quarters of the regiment during liie entire service hut it was engaged in guard duty and in warfare with the guerrillas and liusiiwhackers. Mr. Hotch- kiss also acted as scout and as escort for emigrant and United States mail trains. The first engage- ment in which he participated was at Jlontevallo, after wliicii he jxarticipated in the raid under Gen. Blunt to Van Buren. In September, 1863, he was sent with a detail from his battalion to Baxter Springs, who reinforced that post and was there attacked by the rebel guerrillas under Quantrell who rode their horses on to the very breastworks of the fortifications. Wiien they left that place Quantrell and his band of guerrillas, disguised in Federal uniforms, attack Gen. Blunt, who with an escort of about 100 men was left to face the rebels alone. He stood his ground until the rebels ad- vanced to a hand to hand encounter when those who had not before fallen retreated to the main body. Mr. Holehkiss assisted in burying about eighty victims of that bloody battle. During Price's raid in Missouri during September, 1864, he was with his battalion in Lexington, that State under Gen. Rosecrans. When the army leached Lexing- ton it was found that Price had fled to the Big and Little Blue Rivers, and he was in the skirmish- ing there and at Independence, and assisted in driving Price across the Kansas River. On the bank of that stream Gen. Curtis halted until re- enforced by Gen. Pleasanton when he again started in pursuit of Price, whom ho overtook at Wine Creek, where a large amount of ammunition and provisions were captured While on the march the rations of the army were nearlj- exhausted but were increased by a supply train. The main part of the regiment to which Mr. Hotehkiss belonged was then sent to act as an escort for that train, re- turning to Ft. Scott to be mustered out. He served several months beyond his term of enlist- ment and was twice offered a discharge while lying sick in the hospital at Ft. Scott from August, 1863, until the following March. Ml. Hotehkiss was mustered out of| service at Madison, Wis., Feb. 16, 1865, after which he returned home and resumed farming. Haviii"- provided himself with a home, he then looked about him for a heli)U]ate whom he found in the person of Miss Emma Hadden, their union being celebra- ted July 21, 1869. She is a daughter of Lyman an! Emily Hadden, who were parents of two chil- dren. Her brother Hiram enlisted in the 10th New York Cavalry, serving from 1861 until 1865, and when last heard from was a resident of Kala mazoo, Mich. Her father died when she was ten years old and her mother, when twenty years of age. Mrs. Hotehkiss was born in Morrisville, Madison Co., N. Y.. in 1848, and by her marriage became the mother of four children — Willie, born Sept. 3, 1870; Flossie, Aug. 29, 1874; Lettie, May 20, 1876; and Walter, June 5. 1880. In his agricultural pursuits, Mr. Hotehkiss has been quite successful and now has one of the most highly cultivated and improved farms of the county. He takes an active interesi in the welfare of the community and is ever willing to do his share towards its ui)building. He was a faithful soldier during the late war. The blood of a Rev- olutionary patriot flows in his veins and like his illustrious grandsire he responded to his country's call in her hour of need and was ever found at his post of dnty. ^APT J.X.P. II _ number of yea "^^y citizen of Wau BIRD, deceased, was for a rears a [irominent and respected "aushara County. He was born in Madison County, N. Y., on the 9th of October, 1835, and two years later was brought by his par- ents to Madison, Wis., where he remained until 1859. In the meantime he learned the trade of a baker, and engaged in that and the confectionery business until his removal to Wautoma, Waushara County. On the nth of Februaiy, 1864, Capt. Bird was united in marriage with Miss Charlotte T. Parker, 610 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the wcdfliug bt'ing ccleln'aUHl in Woodstock, IIL At the breaking out of the Rebellion he had en- tered the service of his country. Aug. 5, 1861, in Company L 7th Wisconsin, and his marriage oc- curred during a furlongh. He first enlisted in the three-months' service, and wlien that term had ex- pired be re-enlisted for tiiree years as a "North- ' western Tiger." belonging to Company I of tlie 7th Wisconsin Infantry. On the 27th of August, I 1861, he was wounded, but on his recovery imme- | diately joined his command. Previous to that time he was commissioned Second Lieutenant, and on the 27th of February, i863, he was promoted lo the rank of Captain, in wliich he served until being mustered out of service. On bidding good-bve to their Captain his company presented him with a valuable sword, «ash and belt. He won the love and esteem of those whom he commanded in an unusual degree, and their gift was a token of their high regard for him. By his gentlemanly conduct and his faithfulness to duty, he also won the con- fidence and respect of his superior ofHcers. He continued to serve his country until Sept. 26, 1864, although his term had expired some time previously. I He reached his home in Wautoma, December fol- | lowing, after more than three years spent upon the battlefields of the South. Capt. Bird at once resumed farming, and fol- lowed that occupation until his deatli, wiiicli oc- curred on the ;5d of September, 1886. Few men have been more honored in the communit}' where I they resided than he, and it is but justice to his I friends and relatives that we insert his sketch in the volume which contains a record of tlie prominent and representative citizens of the county. He served as Chairman in IidIIi tlie town of Dakota and Wautoma, was for a nurnl)er of years .lus- tiee of the Peace, and in 186!) represented his dis- trict in the General Assemply of the State. He served as Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court, from ' 187!) until 1882, when he w.is elected Clerk of the court, which oHicc he continued lo hold until his j death. He w.ns also Treasurer of his town several years, and his official career was marked with the greatest fidelity to duty. He won not only the confidence of his constituents, but also of his polit- . ical opponents. For several years he successfully | carried on the general insurance business, and was an attorney and claim agent. Capt. Bird was widely and favorably known by the citizens of Waushara County, and his loss was keenl3' felt by the whole community. The ilasonic lodge of whicli lie was a member aided the stricken wife and children in laying him away to rest. His funeral was one of the largest ever held in this part of the county, there being 1 1 1 vehicles in the procession. He was also a charter member and the first Commander of Ed. Saxe Post, G. A. R.. and his comrades extended their heart-felt sympathy to the family, consisting of wife and three children — Katie, Mabel G. and Robert K. Capt. Bird w.as faithful in the discharge of every duty to his fam- il}-, his neigiibors, his comrades, his country and his God. It was not death for him to die, but was merely going "(Jut of the shadow of s.idness Into the sunshine of gladness Into the light of the blest; Out of the land so dreary Out of the world so weary Into the raptures of rest."' WILLIAM ROBINSON, who resides on sec- tion 21. in the town of Westfield, is a worthy representative of the Irish citizens of Marquette County. He was born in County Down in the month of August, 1822, and is a son of James Robinson, who died when William was hut a lad. His wife, the mother of our subject, survived her luisliand a number of years. They were parents of four cliildreii. all of whom grew to mature years, while two are yet living — William, who was the only son : and Eliza, widow of Hugh Coughran, a resident of Steele County, Dakota. The boyhood days of our subject were unmarked by any event of special importance, but after at- taining to man's estate he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Bennett, a sister of John Bennett, of the town of Weslfiehl. Thoy begin their do- mestic life in their native country, but with the hope of bettering their condition in the New World, they bade good-bye lo home and friends and in 4*i^ ^^w^ :V .<^^"-'> of Green Lake Count}- would be incomplete and it would be great injustice to his many friends if we should omit from this record the sketch of Mr. Strong, the founder of the city of Berlin. He was born on Isle La Mott, Grand Isle Co., Vt., on the llth day of November, 1813, and was a son of Nathan and Sally (Westover) Strong. The days of his boyhood and youth were passed in his native State, and on reaching maturity be was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Sarah Sheldon, the wedding taking place in Michigan in 1834. A family of five children, three sons and two daughters, was born of their union : Lewis G., the eldest, was a Captain in the 5th Wis- consin Regiment during the late war, and is said to have been the first enlisted man of Berlin. He had studied the legal profession and was a young lawyer of much promise, but when his country uecame en- compassed by danger he laid aside the work which he had chosen and responded to the Government's {■all for aid.. He was shot in the assault on Mary's Hill, below Fredericksburg, May 3, 1863, and the wound caused his death. He was a brave officer who had won his commission as Captain by his meritorious conduct and dauntless courage on the Held of battle. His record as a student was a bril- liant one and he had already gained prominence at the bar, when in his patriotic devotion to his country he enlisted in her defense and gave his life a ransom for her preservation. His brother, James R., was also a martyr of that struggle, being killed dnringthe Seven ]3ays' Battle of the Wilderness. Mr. Strong was the first settler of the city of Berlin and was its founder. He settled on its site in tlio fall of l.SKJ and platted a village whicii he called Strongville, and which was afterwards known as Strong's Landing. He built the first saw- mill in the village and also erected the first resi- dence. Time passed, and other settlers came, and as the years flew by the little hamlet continued to grow until it has now been transformed into the beautiful and populous city of Berlin, which con- tains 5,000 inhabitants. The death of Mr. Strong's wife occurred in Ceresco, Wis., Nov. 5, 1845, after which he was again married, his second union being with Miss Amanda Carhart, by whom he had one child, a son, Nathan H., who is now living in Chicago with his mother. Mr. Strong was an active business man and liad his life been prolonged would no doubt have held his place in the community as a prominent citizen, but six years after settling in Berlin he was called home on the 23d of August, 1852. He was a Whig in politics and a faithful and consistent member of the Baptist Church. Though but comparatively few of the settlers of Green Lake County were ac- quainted with him, he is known by reputation to the present generation and through years to come will be remembered with love and gratitude as the founder of Berlin. %^ ENRY D. BAXTER has been a resident of Waushara County since 1854, and is now ving a retired life in the village of Wau- toma, enjoying a well earned rest after years of toil in which he accumulated the compe- tency that now enables him to lay aside all business duties. He was born in Dutchess County, N. Y., Jan. 28, 1843, and is a son of G. W. and Betsy E. (Horn) Baxter, both of whom were natives of the same State. Their family consisted of our subject, the eldest; James A., who is living in Waupaca, Wis., and was a soldier of the late war in the 30th Wisconsin Infantry; George F. is a merchant of Saxeville, Waushara County; Etfle is the wife of Henry Sattler, a resident farmer of Fond du Lac County; Peter makes his home in Saxeville; Eliza- beth is living with her father, and the other mem- bers of the family are now deceased. Mr. Baxter, Sr., is yet living and makes his home in Saxeville, where he has resided for many years. Though of a rather quiet and reserved disposition, he is a man 61(3 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. of strong conviction and is numbered :uiioii, 1850. and when a lad was brought by his parents to this county. He received his literary education in the common schools, and his business instruction in his father's store, which he entered at the age of sixteen years as a salesman, continu- ing in tliat cap.acity uniil 187(1, wlien he was ad- mitted to partnership. On the 26th of December, 1871, he led to the marriage altar Miss Attie E. Brown, a native of Lyman, Wis. Two children graced their union — Stella F. and Mary B. The mother died Jan. 14, 1881. and Mr. Trufant was again married in March, 1883. when Mrs. Elizabeth Beach became his wife. Her maiden name was Newby, and she is a native of Canada. By her former marriage she had one child, William H. A daughter, Lena D..has been born of the second union. The firm of Trnfant & .Son by their upright man- ner of dealing with the public has won the confi- dence of the entire community. The senior member has been engaged in general merchandise in AVau- toaia for tliirty-four years. anpment of a farm, the work having to be cairied forward from the beginning as not even a furrow had been turned. Although hardship*: w«re encountered and obstacles had to be over- come, prosperity attended the eflforts of our subject, who at one time owned 500 acres of laud. He has since disposed of a part of it, however, investing his money in other directions. !n 1855, he pur- chased eighty acres of land on section 25, Mancliester Township, and has resided there con- tinuously since, but 265 broad acres now pay trib- ute lo his labor. His present handsome residence is composed of a main building and a wing, the dimensions of the former being 20x28 feet and of the latter 16x24 f(«t. The surroundings are in keeping with the home; the barns and outbuildings are models of convenience, all the latest im- proved machinery is there found and the stock raised is of the best grades. Through thejears when Mr. Bond was acquiring his ])roperty his excellent wife proved a true helper. Her household affairs were managed in a most able manner, and she was always re.idy with a word of cheer and encour.agement should times look dark. Her presence seemed a very benediction resting over the home, but at length the lips that were ever ready to speak words of love and counsel were si- lenced in death. She was called to her reward on April 26, 1884, at the age of fift\--six ^-ears and eight days. She had been a sincere and faithful Christian, and one of the most useful and devoted members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. When death came she was ready to respond to the Mas- ter's summons, resting on the promise of a blessed resurrection. Her loss to the family is immeasure- ably great, and a feeling of sadness prevaded the whole community when her death was announced. Six children had been born to Mr. and Mrs. Bond, b\it two had passed away before their mother — Lydia, who died Feb. 5, 1850, when an infant; and Gertrude, who died Feb. 13, 1877. Louisa is now the wife of Corey Currie, a native of Canada, who is now a prominent merchant of Mason City, Iowa; Frank W., who wedded Kittie Smith, is one of the enterprising and well to-do young farmers of the town of Manchester; Sarah II. is the wife of Barnhard Taimber, a conductor on the Santa Fe Railroad; and Lillie is still with her father. Mr. Bond is also a member of the .Meth- odist Church, and one of the earnest workers in the Master's vineyard. His upright life is an example PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 625 well worthy of emulation, and his course has ever been such as to win the confirience and respect of all. As a citizen, he is loyal and discharges his du- ties to the best of his ability. lu political senti- tiraent he is a Republican, being numbered among tiie stanch advocates of that party. ,p ■"'^-^'^ir'^i ir*. AMP> LYMAN, who has made his home in Wautoma since 1855, is one of the most . popular and prominent -jitizens of that vil- (j^// lage, where he is now engaged in cabinet- making and also deals in furniture. He was born in the town of Rose. W.a3'ne County, N. Y., on tlie 1 llh of January, 1827, and is a son of Thomas J. and Rebecca (Swift) Lyman, both of whom were natives of Connecticut. Their family numbered five children, our subject being the only son. Julia is the wife of Albert Barrett, a resident farmer of the town of Wautoma; Betsy, widow of W. H. Stewart, is living in Pittsfleld, Wis.; Sarah is the deceased wife of Peter Sleight; and Nancy wedded Charles Boyce, but both are now deceased. Thomas J. Lyman, accompanied by his family, emigrated to AVaushara County, Wis., in 1855, set- tling in the little village of Wautomn, which had been established but a few years. Ho vvas a car- penter and joiner by trade and followed that occu- pation in Wautoma until his de.ith, which occurred in 1867. His wife survived him until 1874, when she too passed away. She was a member of the Presbyterian Church and a most estimable lad}-. Mr. Lyman was numbered among the leading citi- zens of the county and was greallj^ respected by all who knew him. He was rather quiet and re- served, but was strong in his convictions of right and wrong and was highly esteemed for his honesty of purpose and upright life. The subject of this sketch acquired his education in the schools of New Y'ork, and from an early age has made his own way in the world. He chose the trade which his father followed and with him learned carpentering, which he followed during his residence in the Empire State. Having attained to years of maturity he, on the 20th of January, 1850, led to the marriage altar Miss Betsy A. Jeffers, who like her husband was a native of the town of Rose, Wayne County. Her parents, William and Phoebe (Wiley) Jeffers, became residents of that county in an early day, locating in the town of Rose, Wau- shara County, in 1855, where they passed the re- mamder of their lives. To Mrs. and Mrs. Lj'man was born one daughter, Mary E., who became the wife of Ira Coon, a prominent citizen of Plainfleld, Wis. Their union has been blessed with three chil- dren: Carrie, Ira L. ai\d Royden J. Believing that his financial condition would be benefited thereby. Mr. L3'man, accompanied by his wife and little daughter emigrated to Waushara County, Wis., in 1855, and chose Wautoma as the scene of his future operations. His residence in that village covers a period of more than a third of a century and it is safe to say that none of its citizens are more widely or favorably known. His upright life commends him to the confidence of all, and his genial manner and gentlemanly deportment have made him very popular and won him many friends. On his arrival he resumed work at the trade of carpentering and as it soon became known that he was an expert workman he received all the patron.age to which he could well attend. To him great credit can be given for the rapid ad- vance made in the way of improvements in this communit3' since 1855. He continued to carry on business successfully in that line until 1876, when he established himself as a cabinet-maker and fur- niture dealer. He also has an undertaking estab- lishment in connection with the other branches of his business. The same enterprise and progressive- ness which characterized his earlier transactions is shown since he embarked in the new line and his efforts have been attended with like success in con- sequence. Excellent ability and judicious manage- ment combined with his unfailing industry, have made him one of the most prosperous citizens of Wautoma. Though his duties have been manifold he has yet found time to devote to the public interests and has served in various official positions. For many years he was Chairman of the Town Board and was also Town Clerk. He takes a deep interest in political affairs and is a warm advocate of the Republican party and its principles. When the 626 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. historian visited Mr. Lyman in Lis pleasant liorae in Wauloina, he had but just returned from a six weeks' visit to his native State after an absence of thirty-two years. Once more he loolved upon tlie scenes of his chiidiiood and the old familiar haunts where many happy iiours were passed, but many great changes had taken place. The companions of his boyhood were gray haired men and women, those that remained in the county, but many, like himself, had sought homes elsewhere and others had been called to that land whence no traveler returns. Though glad of the chance to again travel the old beaten paths and look upon his old home, nothing could induce him to change his present residence, where, surrounded by many warm friends and all the comforts of life, he and his estimable wife ex- pect to pass their declining days. OHN CALVIN TRUESDELL, an eminent pioneer lawyer of Wisconsin, came into the Territory in 1847, and at the time of his (^j/i death was the oldest practitioner in the -State with tiie exception of Mr. Finch, of Milwaukee. He was born in the town of Liberty. Susquehanna Co., Pa., on tiie 11th of January 18-25, and his father was a native of Litchlield County, Conn. Mr. Tiutsdell, Sr., removed to Susquehanna County. Pa., where his iron will, energy, strict business metliods and individuality of character placed him among the prominent men of that por- tion of the Keystone State. For over a quarter of a century, 'Squire Truesdell was the favorite local magistrate. His wife wliose maiden name was Lucy Upson, belongcfession. Clear and logical in his analysis of a ease, strong in the presentation of evidence to a jury, possessing unusual oratorical power and for- tified with authorities, he combined all the elements that make a jurist strong before a court and power- ful in the interests of his clients — a brilliant lawyer, whose thorough culture, natural ability and eloquence entitled him to first rank with the most eminent in the State. _., .^>£^ ^ OATHAN KIMBALL, proprietor of the Kimball House, and Postmaster of Pine River, is numbered among the early settlers of Waushara Count}-. He is a native of the State of Maine, his birth having occurred in the village of Buxton, York County, on the 8th of September, 1831. The family was established in this country during the earl}- part of the eighteenth centur}-, or perhaps prior to th.nt date. His paternal grand- father, Daniel Kimball, was a native of York County, Me., born March 27. 1768. He was joined in wedlock March 2d, 1790, with Mary Bryant. He died in Buxton, June 22, 1851. The father of our subject, Nathan Kimball, who was born Aug. 16, 1790, was a Maine farmer and shoe- maker. He married Abigail S. Files, who was born in Gorham, Me., May .3, 1794, and their union was blessed with seven ebildi-en: Jonathan, Eliza A., Melvin, Sarah, Nathan, Ira and JLouisa, all of whom are living with the exception of Jonathan and Louisa. He came to Wisconsin iu 1872, .and spent one year with his son, after which he returned home and passed his last days in his native State. His death occurred in 1873, at the age of eighty- three years. In politics he was a Democrat, and religiously, both he and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Kimball died Feb. 11,1851. In the Pine Tree State our subject passed the days of his boyhood and youth, but in the early days of his manhood cast his lot with the pioneers of Waushara County, settling in Pine River, on the 8tli of September, 1 855, before the town was laid out. In 1867, he purchased 120 acres of wild land which he partly cleared, retaining possession of the same for twelve years, when he sold. In 1857, he entered the store with A. M. Kimball, with whom he remained for fourteen jears, at the expiration of which time, in 1871, he embarked in the mer- cantile business for himself and successfully con- tinued in that line for sixteen j-ears, doing a general mercantile business. At length he sold out in January, 1888, and opened the Kimball House, which he has since conducted with good success. It is furnished with all first class appointments, and has won favor with the traveling public. On the 24th of June, 1860, Mr. Kimliall led to the marriage altar Miss Lyda A. Chamberlain, who was born in Franklin County, N. Y., Aug. 18, 1840, and is a daughter of Franklin and Eliza Chamber- lain, who were also natives of the same county. They came to Wisconsin in 1855, making their first settlement in Berlin, then called Strong's Land- ing, where Mr. Chamberlain engaged in railroad contracting and buii.iing bridges for eight years, although he was a millwright by trade. He was a man of more than ordinary aliility, and was recog- nized as one of the prominent and influential citi- zens of the community. Previous to 1 855, he at various times located Land warrants until he became owner of 400 acres. He was the first to introduce the hop culture in Waushara County, bringing roots from New York and planting a large hop yard near PlainUeld, on what is known as the Decker farm. From Berlin he went to Sacramento, the former seat of justice of Waushara Count}', and purchased property, on which he made his home until his death. Dec. 2, 1888. Mrs. Chamberlain still survives her husband. In early life he was a Whig, but afterwards affiliated with the Republican 628 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. party. He was one of the oldest Odd Fellows in the Stale, having been a member of that organization for more than forty years. His family numbered two sons and four daughters: Kdgar, who served four years in the lato war as a member of Company H, 18th Wisconsin Infantry, was wounded at the battle of Shiloli, hut recovered in time to take part in the famous March to the Sea. The other mem- bers of the family are : Lydia A, Kmeline. Helen M., Newton V. and Martha Kliza. Mrs. Kimball's grandfather. Thomas Chamberlain, was a native of New York, and married Ann Canada, a native of Vermont, who was descended from the old Puritan stock. They resided in Franklin County, N. V. At the age of sixteen years, Mrs. Kimball came to Wisconsin, and for six successive years taught in the district schools of Waushara County. To our subject and his worthy wife have been born three children: Hattie, born Dec. 25, 1862, was married Nov. 17. 1886, to George P. Walker, a well known hardware merchant of Wautoma, wh > was also postmaster for four years; Edgar F., born Feb. 24, 1865, is at home; Fannie Mabel, born March 15, 1872, was educated in the Berlin High School, and is now engaged in teaching. Politic- ally, Mr. Kimball is a Republican, and was ap- pointed to the oflice of Postmaster by President Harrison, July 3, 1889. Much satisfaction has been I expressed with the management of the office so far, I and lie will doubtless prove a popular official. , Both he and his wife are consistent members of the Congregational Church, and liave an extensive | circle of friends and acquaintances throughout the county which has so long been tlieir home. ^ AMES A. OSBORN, who resides on section ' 4 in the town of Oxford, Marquette County, I where he is engaged in general farming, ' was bori> in Erie Countv, Pa.. Oct. 2», 1838, and belongs to one of the early established families of New York. His parents, Leonard and Betsy (Thyer) Osborn, were natives of Western New York, whence the^' removed to the Keystone Slate. They became residents of Adams County, Wis., in 1842, and are now residents of Shawano County, Mr. Osborn being seventy-three years of age, while his wife is in her seventieth year. The mother of Leonard Osborn, and the grandmother of our subject, is living, at the ver3' advanced age of ninety years, and makes her home with a daughter in Rock County. A familj- of eight children, four sons and four daughters, were born to Mr. and Mrs. Osborn, but only two are living — James and Mrs. Lydia Boyington, of Shawano County. Two of the sons were soldiers in the late war: (George, a member of the 32d Wisconsin Infantry, fell a victim to disease after a few months' service and died in the hospital at Wash- ington, I). C. Charles W. enlisted in the 4th Wis- consin Infantry, but was transferred to the 4th Cavalry. He served during the war, but contracted disease from which he died in April, 1867. The other members of the family' died in childhood. In his jouth James A. Osborn learned the car- penter's trade with his father, who followed that occupation. He has m.ide Wisconsin his home since the age of four years, having resided under its territorial government for six years and has made his home within its boundaries during its whole existence as a State. When but nineteen years of age he was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Mary Ann Nixon, daughter of John and Margaret Nixon, who were natives of County Down, Ireland, and Mrs. Nixon crossed the Atlantic to America in 1849. For four years they resided in the Empire State, when, in 1853, they came to Westfield. Into them were born four children, one of whom die(i in infancy. William is living in Jewell County, Kansas; Sarah is the wife of John Worden, of the town of Oxford. Marquette County; and Mrs. Osborn completes the famil}-. The union of our subject and his wife was cele- brated on the 28th of October, 1857, and has been blessed with six children: Minerva, who is at home; William, now a resident of Adams County, Wis.; John, who died in Kansas, in Januar3'. 1885, in the twentv-fourth year of his age; Margaret, wife of George Vroman; Waller, who is living in Oxford, Wis.: and Alice. Mr. Osborn has resided on the farm which is now his home since 1871. He devotes his atlentiou -^n in l!ie town of Westmoreland, Oneida Co., N. Y., un the loth of November, 1815, and on the 4th of October, 1837, married Hannah Park, and emi- grated to Marquette County, Wis., in 1853, settling on the part which has since been separated and ; called Green Lake County. He located on a farm in the town of Berlin, where he engaged in agricul- tural pursuits until 1863, when he formed a partnership with his son and S. II. Warner in the iiardware business in Berlin. He also opened a bank in that city under the firm name of F. B. Peck A- Co. Our subject is tiie onl3' child of his father's fam- 1 ily. His primarj- education, obtained in the Berlin j schools, was supplemented by a course in Ripon i College, and his education completed in Wayland I University- of Beaver Dam. Wis. He began his business career as a clerk in the mercantile house of Avery Brown, of Ripon, and continued in that position between three and four years. While in that city, on the 2d of October, 1861, Mr. Peck was united in marriage with Miss Theodora Russell, daughter of J. C. and Harriett Russell, and a na- tive of Manlius, Onondaga Co., N. Y. Four chil- dren have been born of llieir union as follows: Minnie M., Fred R., Louis C. and Bertine H. The eldest son is about to become a partner in tlie liard- ware business of his father. Mr. Peck began business for himself as a gro- cer, on the corner of Capron and Main Streets, Berlin, in 1863, but a few months later, joined his father and Mr. Warner in a double store, put- ting his stock of groceries in one, while in the other they carried a general line of hardware, stoves and tinware. He also became interested in the bank of F. B. Peck ife Co., the mercantile business being carried on under tlie tirm name of Peck, Warner. & Peck. In 1H64 they sold out the grocery depart- ment and continued in the hardware business, the f.rm remaining unchanged until April 9, 1868, when Mr. Warner withdrew and the business was conducted by Mr. Peck and his father until the death of the latter, Nov. 4, 1877, under the firm name of F. B. & C. A. Peck. Since that time our subject has been sole proprietor. He carries a full line of hardware — stoves, iron, nails, farming tools, tinware, glass, sash, doors and blinds — does an extensive business, and is widely and favorably known as a fair-dealing and suteessful merchant. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 637 Mr. and Mrs. Pei'k are members of the Methodist Episcopal Cliuieh of Ilerliii, in which he has l)een an officer twenty- five j-ears. He is Steward, Class- Leader, and served as Superintendent of the Sab hath-sehool for twenty-one years, during wiiich time lie has worked earnestly and faithfully to maintain the school in a flourishing condition and has succeeded in a marked degree. He has also been active in support of the church, and is recog- nized as one of the most influential members of the society. In political opinion he hai always been a Republican with strong prohibition sympathies, but has never sought or desired public office. The educational interests of the city have alwa3's en- listed his warmest sympathy and support, and be has served eight years as a member of the School Board. Mr. Peck is a Knight Templar Mason, a member of Berlin Lodge, No. 38, A. F. & A. M.; of Berlin Chapter, No. 18, R. A. M., and of Berlin Commandery, No. 10, K. T. He has been Treas urer of the Blue Lodge for fifteen years. High Priest of the Chapter one year and Prelate for the Commandery ten years. Mr. Peck is a thorough business man. a genial, social entleman.and enjoys in the fullest degree the respect and esteem of all who know him. His mother survives her husband and is a cherished member of her son's family. ^js^EORGE W. WESTFALL, Esy., of Oxford, II G^ has been eng.aged in the practice of law ^^^1 since 1872. In recording his sketch in this volume, we present to the readers of the Ai.nuji one of Marquette County's most prominent citi- zens, who is not only well known in the village where he resides, but has an extensive acquaint- ance throughout the surrounding country. Mr. Westfall is a native of the Buckeye State, having been born in Huron County, in 1817. His father, Henry C. Westfall, died when George was but a lad of thirteen years of age, leaving no patrimony to his childdren. His son was thus thrown upon his own resources, and from that time has made his own way in the world. He cer- tainly deserves no little credit for the success to which he bag attained, Possessing a determined energy, no obstacle which he met was too great to be overcome, but successfully opposing all diffi- culties, he has worked his way upward, step by step, until he now holds an honored place in the foremost ranks of his professional brethren. He received his education in the district schools, and began fitting himself for the legal profession in 1866. He pursued his studies under the direction of H. H. Taylor, and, as before stated, was ad- mitted to the bar in 1872. He immediately there- after located in Oxford, where he has since been engaged in practice. He not only attends to his duties as attorney and counselor-at-law, but is also engaged in the insurance business, collecting and pension business, and holds the offices of Notary Public and Court Commissioner. He has secured a good practice, and is an able lawyer. He is num- bered among the representative men of his town, and takes an active interest in whatever tends to promote its welfare. \| ESSE A. KUNDLETT, of Weslfield, is one r of the pioneers of Marquette County. He jl was born the town of Bedford, Hillsborough i^^' Co., N. H., on the Oth of August, 1817, and is a son of Thomas and Fanny (Ayer) Rundlett. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Nathan Rundlett, was a native of Scotland, but came to America when a lad, previous to the War of the Revolution. During that struggle he was em- ployed as ship carpenter on the "Constitution," which vessel belonged to the naval force of the Colonies. He afterward settled at the mouth of the Kenebec River, in Maine, and later removed to Bedford, N. H., where he died at the home of his son. The Ayer family is of English origin, and one of the early and well-known families of New Hampshire. The celebrated Dr. Ayer belonged to a branch of that family. The parents of our suliject passed their entire married life in Bedford, where were born unto them seven sons and five daughters, two of whom died in early life while the remaining ten grew to man- hood and womanhood. The children were as fol- lows: Leonard, William A., Jesse A„ Thomas, 638 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. James, Charles, Thankful, Frances, Susan, and Lucy. All are now deceaserl, with the exception of our subject, but several were married, and have children yet living. Many of their descendants are residents of Manchester, N. H., and vicinity. Lewis, a son of 'William, is Superintendent of the High School in Concord, N. H. Jesse A. Rundlett, whose name heads this notice, passed the days of iiis boyhood and youth on the old liomestead in his native town. His father w.is a liattcr by trade, and witli him he learned the busi- ness which he followed for a livelihood for several years. Soon after attaining his majority, he left home and went to Painesviile, Ohio. That was in the spring of 1840. There lie engaged in the fur business in connection with carrying on operations as a hatter, but three years later removed to Milan, Huron Co.. Ohio, where he remained until 1848. The California gold fever was then raging over the country, and Mr. Rundlett became one of its vic- tims. He resolved to try his fortune on the Pacific Slope, and at once returned to his native town in the old Granite State and leaving his family in Man- chester, he sailed from Boston for San Francisco in the bark, "Daniel Webster"' on tiie 23d of Septem- ber, 1849. The voyage was made by way of Ca\>e Horn, and after twenty-one d.ays s|)enl upon the water. Mr. Rundlett landed in tiie Golden State. He at once went to the mines, where he continued work from May until November, when his health failing him. he resolved to return home to his fam- ily. He sailed from San Francisco on the 2d of November in the ship, '-Obed Mitchell," and on reaching Realoa in Central America, crossed over- land, by way of Lake Leon and Lake Nicarauguajto San Juan, and thence by schooner to New York. At length he reached his home in Maneiiester, having been absent about a year and a half. Immediately afteward, however, he again started Westward with his family, but this time his destination was Mar- quette County, Wis., where he arrived in Novem- ber. 1851. He settled in the town of Weslfield upon IGO acres of land which then had not been surveyeil. but as soon as it came into market, he purchased it, and made the old homestead which he still owns. The wisdom of his selection is shown by the worth of the land at the present day. By cultivation and improyement, it has been trans- formed into a most valuable tract, and is consid- ered one of the finest farms in the township. One of the most important events in the life of Mr. Rundlett, occurred Sept. 7, 1842. when he was united in marriage with Miss Martha St. John, daughter of Silas and Eunice St. John. Their wedding took place in Painesviile. Ohio, whither the lady had removed with her parents when a child from her native city, St. Catherine's. Canada, where she was born June 5. 1825. Mr. and Mrs. St. .lolin afterward removed to Painesviile. Ohio, where they died some years ago. Four children, three sons and a daughter, graced I the union of Mr. and Mrs. Rundlett, and are as follows: James, who is now a physician and drug- ! gist of Augusta, Wis. ; Charles, who is engaged in mining in Denver. Col.; Adin, who died in his twentieth year; and Bell, wife of M. N. Bliss, of ! Baraboo, Wis.; tlie latter have one child. Ida May, I aged fifteen years. As stated, Mr. Rundlett still owns the old home- stead, upon which he settled on his arrival in Mar- quette County, but he and his wife now reside in the village of Westfield. where they have a pleas- ant liome. In early life, he was a Democrat, hav- ing been reared in that school of politics, but when the Republican party was formed, he endorsed its principles on the subject of human slavery, joined its ranks, and has since been one of its faithful adher- ents. When the war broke out lie gave his support to the cause of the Government. His eldest son, though but sixteen years of age. enlisted in the war. an neers of Green Lake County, and is one of (^ the few left to relate the history of life on the frontier of the Badger State. He was born in Yorkshire, Kngland, March 15, 1817, and as far hack as the ancestry can he traced, we find the fam- il3' were residents of the same country. His par- ents, Philip and Betsy (Petch) Walker, were also natives of Yorkshire, where they passed their en- tire lives, the father working as a daj'-laborer. In their family were seven children, five sons and two daughters, two of whom, a brother and sister, went to Australia, while the other five became residents of America. The father died in the prime of life. and his widow afterward married a ^Ir. .Johnson. by whom she had three children. The subject of this sketch was reared amid the hardships and toils of comparative poverty. As soon as he was old enough to work at all. he had to earn his own livelihood, and from that time for- ward has been dependent upon his own resources. When a young man he conceived the idea of be- coming an American citizen, believing that in this free country of ours better oi)portunities were fur- nished young men than the countries of the Old World afforded, so he set to work to obtain the •y means. His brother Christopher resolved to accompany him. and in 1841, they embarked on a sailing-vessel bound for Quebec. For seven weeks and two days they were upon the bosom of the broad ocean, and it certainly must have been a pleasing siglit to them when they first caught a glimpse of land. The brothers found that they had but little over a pound sterling on their arri- val, but this they divided equally between them, and then started out to fight life's battle. It re- mained to be seen whether the)' would meet with defeat, or whether victory would perch upon their banner. Knowing that ho must at once find work in order to provide for his dail3- wants, Aaron Walker went to New York, where he sought and obtained a po- sition as a farm hand, in which capacity he served for six years. At the expiration of that time, he secured the appointment of Superintendent of the farming department of the asylum, at Utica, where he remained for two years. In the meantime, he chose for himself a life companion and helpmate in the person of Miss Elizabeth Fenwick, who was born in Barnsley, Jlngland, Feb. 5, 1824, and emi- grated to this country in 1846. Their union was celebrated Oct. 7. 1848, and the same year wit- nessed their emigration to Wisconsin. Locating in Sacramento, Waushara County. Mr. Walker l)re-empted 108 acres of land, to which he added until he owned a fine farm of 300 acres. They be- gan life in true pioneer style; their home was a log cabin of one room; their table a board laid upon pegs in the logs, their chairs, the trunks in which they kept their clothing. As the days passed, how- ever, bounteous harvests began to reward their efforts, and as their financial resources increased, comforts were added, and improvements made un- til tiiey had one of the best farms in the commu- nity. In 1886, they laid aside the cares of other years, and removed to Berlin to spend their declin- ing years in retirement. On the 22d of Septem- ber, 1888, Mrs. Walker was called to her final rest. The children born to that worthy couple, seven in number, are James H., who married Josie Trox- ell; Charles, who died in infancy; Chr.rles A., who married Annie Sager, and has four children; Bar- tholomew married Martha Sager, and has one child; 644 PORTRAIT AND B10(iRAPHICAL ALBUM. Saiali A., who is the wife of Spencer Angle, and has two chiklreu ; Frank died at the age of fifteen ytars ; and Jennie I. is at iiome. Mr. Wallver snpports the Republican party, and for some tirae was Supervisor of the town of Au- rora. He is now living in the enjoyment of a well- earned rest, and has tlie confidence and respect of all who know him. ETER WINCELL. a respected citizen of Marquette County, living on section 16, in the town of Montello, was born in Ger- many, Sept. 20, 1840, and is one of eight children born to Andrew and Julia (Arnold) Win- cell, both of whom were natives of Germany, where their marriage was celebrated in 1826. Of their fam.ily of six sons and two daughters, live are liv- ing at this writing (in 1889), namely: Mathi.^s, who is married and lives in Minnesota; John, who is married and located in Illinois; Michael, who is married and resides in F'ond du Lac; Julius, wliois mjirried and makes his home in Montello. Ac- companied by his family, Andrew Wincell sought a home in the New World in 1845, and chose a location in Waukesha County, in the Territorv of Wisconsin, where he resided for six years, re- moving thence to the town of Harris, Marquette County. Some years later he changed his place of residence to Montello. and now resides with our subject. The subject of this sketclj is numbered among the early settlers of Marquette County, and since Ins sixth jear h.as resided in Wisconsin. He has therefore witnessed much of the growth and pro- gress of the Slate, and since arriving at years of manhood has done all in his power to .advance its best interests. When twenty seven vears of age he was united in marriage with .Miss Gusta Buholtz. a lady of Gorman descent and a daugiitcr of JLirtin and Caroline Buholtz, who died in their native country long since. Mrs. Wincell came to Amer- ica with her lirother-in-law. Albert Zimrow, who still resides in the town of Mecau, Marquette County. The lady was born in 1846. andllie mar- riage took place in 1807. They became parents of seven children, but five of that number they have laid to rest in the beautiful cemetery' at Montello, all dying in infanc}'. But one son and one daugh- ter yet survive — Julius, aged sixteen years; and Elizabeth, who is now thirteen )'ears of age. Mr. Wincell served his country as a soldier in the War of the Rebellion. He enlisted in Mon- tello, in 1864, as a member (if the 36th Wisconsin Infantry, under the command of Col. Haskin, who w.as killed at Cold Harbor. He was assigned to Comi^any B, an' 1 8, 1829, and when eighteen years of age came to this country. Thirteen children have been bora unto them, eight of whom are living, namelj': Margaret, Albert, George, Louisa, Solomon B., Henry P., .Sarah and Rosa. In 1851 Mr. Friday removed from Columbia County to Green Lake County, locating on a claim In the town of Manchester, where he made his home for about twenty-eight j-ears. In 1878 he removed to his present farm, in the town of Green Lake, where he now owns '22C) acres of land. His possessions at one time amounted to more than that, but he has aided his children in starting in life by giving to them some of his property. To his own efforts can be attributed his success, and he may truly be calleil a self-made man. He labored on, battling with haidships and discouragements when many would have given up in despair, but his per- severance, energy and diligence have at last been rewarded, and he is now numbered among the sub- stantial and prosperous farmers of the community. When he purchased his present farm he had to give his note for $10,000. and many of his neighbors predicted that he would never be able to pay for it, but ere six years had passed it was not on\y free from all indebtedness, but he had also made many excellent improvements and greatly increased its value by placing it under a high state of cultiva- tion, (ircat indeed is the contrast between his present home and that in which he began life in the county. His first residence was a little log cabin, which afforded neither suHicient shelter nor warmth ; now his residence is one of the finest in the community. It is neatlj', yet elegantly furnished with all the comforts and many of the luxuries of life, but in the parlor is still seen one of the relics of pioneer days. Below a beautiful hanging lamp is suspended the old grease lamp which w.as used in lighting the log hut. As a citizen, Mr. Friday is public-spiritod and takes an active part i-i pro- moling the best interests of the community. He has identified himself with all worthy enterprises, and has given liberally for the upbuilding of the community. He is a strong supporter of the tem- peranct! cause, and is also deeply interested in edu- cation. He provided his children with excellent advantages, and three of them have been successful teacheis in the county. He and his wife are mem- bers of the Methodist Church, and are highly esteemed by all for their upright lives and Chris- tian characters. ANIEL 1). KINGSLEV.awell-to-do farmer and stock raiser of Marquette County, re- siding on section 10 in the town of Pack- waukee. is a native of the Empire State, having been born in Franklin County. Oct. 31. 1830. His parents were George and Bet.sy (Drake) Kingsley, the former a native of Vermont and the latter of New Hampshire. The i)aternal grand- father, Uriah Kingslej-, was born in Connecticut and served his country in the War of the Revolu- tion. He was long a pensioner of the Government on account of his services and attained to the ad- vanced age of nearly one hundred years, and was well remembered by the subject of our sketch. The Kingsley family have produced a number of men of ability who have been highly intluentinl and well known in their respective spheres of life. The maternal grandfather of Daniel, was Daniel Drake, a native of New Hampshire. George Kingsley and wife were the parents of four children who grew to mature years, one son and three daughters, who are yet living at this writing in 1889: Lydia, the eldest, is the wife of a Mr. Stevens, of (irafton County, N. II.; Betsy is the wife of .lasper Hawkins, a prominent lawyer of Des Moines, Iowa; Maria is the wife of Henrj^ Hamlin of St. Lawrence County, N. Y. ; and sev- eral members of the family died in early life. George Kingsley, the father of the above-named children passed away in 184!t, and several years after the death of her first husband, the mother be- came the wife of a Mr. Hawkins, who died in St. Lawrence County, N.Y. She tlieu came to Mar- quette County, in 1885. to make her home with her son and one year later went to Des Moines to PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. C4; visit ber daughter, returning in 1887. Siie I ' t - > ' ti^^ IRAM WILCOX, who for forty years has Wyii) been numbered among the prominent citi- zens of Waushara county, is now engaged in general farming and stock-raising on'sec- tion 26. in the town of Plaintield. He is a native of Vermont, having been born in Hinesburg, Chit- tenden County, Aug. 1, 1831. His father. .lohn Wilcox, was a native of Connecticut and married Allha Spaulding, who was a true helpmate and his loved companion until his death. He followed the occupation of farming throughout his entire life and died in Vermont in 1865. his excellent wife surviving him until 1868. They were parents of twelve children, nine of whom are living: Leo- nard of Minnesota; Lewis of Vermont; Henry of Michigan; Hiram of Waushara County ; and Daniel, Silas, Laurie, Soiihia and Louisa of Vermont. Our subject spent his early boyhood days in the Green Mountain Stale and remained under the parental roof until eighteen years of age, when he started out to fight the battle of life for himself. Bidding good-bye to his old home, he started for the West, believing that he could better his finan- cial condition on its broad prairies, where farms could be secured for the cultivation and all stood a fair chance of rising in the world. He chose Waushara County as the scene of his future labors, but ten years passed ere he made a permanent loca- tion. During that time he spent the winters in the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 651 pineries and in the summer months engaged in rafting on the river. When he had acquired some capital hy his industry and perseverance, lie made an investment in 160 acres of wild land and began the development of a farm. It was yet unbroken, not a furrow having been turned or an improve- ment made, but after building a small cabin and seeing his family as comfortably settled as possible, he began the work of cultivation and as success attends those who diligently labor, his efforts were crowned with prosperity. An interruption of his labors came in the shape of the late war. Believing it his duty to strike a blow for his country he enlisted in 1862. in the 30tli AVisconsin Infantry, serving for the period of two years and two months, the regiment being jirincipally engaged in guard duty. The exposure and hardship of war broke down his health and in consequence he was discharged from the service, in Madison, in October, 1864, and immediately there- after returned home. In December, 18.54, Hiram Wilcox was united in marriage with Catherine Furman, a native of Vir- ginia, and daughter of Peter S. and Elethear (Besley) Furman, both of whom were natives of Pennsyl- vania, and unto them have been born three child- ren : Ella, wife of L. Frost, of Portage County; Mary at home, and Florence, wife of Almond Lane, a resident farmer of the town of Oasis. A fine farm of 200 acres now pays tribute to the care and cultivation of our subject. Its fields are well tilled, the latest improved machinery is there found, all the necessary buildings have been erected and he raises good grades of stock. I^verything about the place denotes the care and supervision of an energetic and industrious owner, while the many improvements stand as monuments of his labor in former years. As a citizen, he is public si)irited and progressive, and in all pulilie matters which pertain to the welfare of the community he feels a deep interest. He is a Republican in |)nlilics and himself and family are well and favorably known throughout the county. He has lived to see the great changes which have transformed this section of AVisconsin, and not only Vieen a witness of its progress and development bit lias been an active participant in the labor which has been required to I bring about the result. His upright life and courte- ous manner have won him many friends and placed him in the ranks of the worthy and valued citizens of Waushara County as well as the honored pio- neers. ERMAN L. THOMAS, senior member of , the firm of G. L. and D. W. Thomas,dealers in groceries, provisions and wood at Berlin, was born 1n Pittsford, Rutland Co., A't., July 11, 1833. and is a son of Reuben and Sophronia (Rollins) Thomas. His father, who was a farmer by occupation, was born in Rutland County, Vt., in 1795, and died March 9, 1850. He was of Welsh descent, the family having been founded in America by his grandfather, who was born in Wales and emigrated to America long prior to the War of the Revolution. He was one of a family of fourteen children, twelve sons and two daugh- ters, and with the exception of one who died at the age of twenty years, all lived to be over seventy and some attained the advanced age of ninety years. The mother was ninety-four years of age at the time of her death and was a woman of re- markable vigor and superior intelligence. The mother of our subject, Mrs. Sophronia Thomas, was a native of Rutland C'ouniy, Vt., and was de- scended from English ancestry. Her death oc- curred in the Green Mountain State, in 1852. The subject of this sketch was reared to manhood upon his father's farm and for two years prior to his emigration to the West he engaged in farming and stock-raising. He came to Wisconsin when twenty-two years of age and chose Marquette (now Green Lake) County, as the scene of his future operations. He settled in the town of Brooklyn and began the development of a farm, continuing to devote his energies to its cultivation until 1863. Having made some preparations for a home, he then completed his arrangements by his marriage with Miss Harriet M. Willis, daughter of An- thony Willis, celebrated Nov. 1, 1855. Mrs. Thomas was born in St. Lawrence County. N. Y., in 1838. and by her marriage became the mother of three sons and four d.aughters. Davenport AV., the oldest, wedded Miss Maggie Heald and is the 652 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. junior member of the firm of G. L. & D. W. Thomas, grocers ; Adelaide C. is the wife of TV. W. Collins, a leading dry-goods merchant of Berlin; Lillie C. clerks in the store of her brother-in-law; Nettie S. resides at home; Tina M. is a book- keeper in her father's store; Grant M. is a machin- ist; Eugene, the j'oungest. is attending school. Mr. Thomas gives his support and influence to the Republican party, but has never held an office though solicited to do so. Sociall\% he is a mem- ber of the Odd-Fellows society', belon^ng to Ber- lin Lodge. No. 56, I. O. O. F. As before stated, Mr. Thomas engaged in farm- ing in Brooklyn Township until 186.3, but in that year sold his first home in the county and removed to the town of Berlin, where he pursued the same occupation until 1870. He then sold out and came to Berlin, where he has since resided. He was first engaged in the express and transfer business and in buying and selling wood, but in June, 1882, joined his son in their |)rosent business, which the3' have now carried on for more than seven j-ears. The firm of G. L. it. D. W. Tliomas have an extensive grocery and provision trade and buy and sell large quanties of wood. They have an 80-acre cranberry marsh, which though not now verj' productive is capable of improvement to a degree that will event- uallj' make it valuable. The firm is one of the substantial grocery houses of the city, and both father and son hold a high position in social and business circles. L^^HOMAS HAMILTON is engaged in f:am- m^^ ing on section 21, in the town of Westfield, ^^^ Marquette Count3', where he owns a fine farm of 160 acres. His name has been promi- nently connected with the agricultural records of the county for many j-ears, and it is with pleasure that we record his sketch in this volume. His possessions comprise not only the home farm, but he also owns 320 acres of valualile land in the town Of Springfield. Mr. Hamilton is the eldest son of James and Jane (Bennett) Hamilton, and was born in County Down, Ireland, on the 29lh of December, 1833. His boyhood days were passed in much the usual manner of farmer lads and until nineteen years of age he remained in the land of his birth, but at that age he bade good-bye to friends and accom- panied his paients to the New World. Great in- deed have been the changes which have taken i place in Marquette County, during the thirty -seven years of his residence in the town of Westfield. It was then an almost unsettled wilderness, the land was still in its primitive condition and the echoes of the forest had been unawakened by the woodman's ax. He aided in transforming the wild prairies [ into rich and fertile farms and in all possible ways has given his support to the .advancement of those j enterprises which he believed would benefit the public. The most important event in the life of Mr. Hamilton occurred Nov. 24, 1864. when he was united in marriage with Miss Grace Long, daugh- 1 ter of James and (irace Long. Her parents were natives of County Down. Ireland, and the month of May, I8.')l, witnessed their arrival in I this country. They settled in New York, but after ten years came to Marquette County, Wis., reaching their destination on the 15th of Septem- ber, 1861, and are still residents of the town of Westfield. Mrs. Hamilton was born in Ireland in 1847. and by her union has become the mother of three chil- ' dren: .Samuel, born in 1867; Willinin, in 1869; and j Edwin, in 1875. Mr. Hamilton is one of the rep- I resentative and valued citizens of the town of Westfield and has won the respect and confidence of all by his manly bearing, upriglit life and fidel- ity- to all trusts reposed in him. He devotes his entire attention to his farming interests, in which he has been quite successful and to the enjoyment of the pleasures of the homo ^'ircio. ICILMONI) NOBLE, who resides on section 36, in the town of Marquette, Green Lake 1^\\\ Co., Wis., is a representative of one of the families that settled in the county in 1847. He is a native of the Empire State, hav- ing been born in Leroy, Genesee County, on the 22d day of Nov., 1827. His parents. Hezekiah and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 653 Electa (Riclimond) Noble are fully mentioned in the sketch of John H. Noble, which appears on another page of this volume. The days of his boy- hood and youth our subject spent in his native State, and in its common schools he received his education. He was a young man of twenty years when the family came to the Territory of Wiscon- sin, settling in what was then Marquette County, but now forms a part of Green Lake Count}'. He lias there since made his home and is now the owner of that farm. He was united in marriage with Miss Olive W. Brown, on New Year's Day of 1852, the lady of his ciioicc being the daughter of Lucius and Mary A. (Wliitcomb) Brown, who came to the county in 1850. By their marriage ten children were born, eight of whom are yet liv- ing. Wesley 8.. is now a farmer of Marquette Township; Phoebe, deceased wife of John Hughes; Rosetta C, also deceased; Ellen at home; Rosetta, tlie second of that name, also yet with her parents ; Bertha D., wife of Charles Smith, a resident farmer of Green Lake Count}'; Electa A., wlio is engaged in teaching; Galen, Hattie and Horace. Mr. Noble, in 1849, entered 120 acres of land from the Government, the entire amount being in a wild and totally uncultivated condition. Nearly all other parts of the county were then alike desti- tute of settlements. Marquette consisted of a log house whicii was used by an Indian agent, the Me- nomonee Indians being encamped just across the lake Puckway. They far outnumbered the white settlers and it was some jears before all had left their haunts for the reservation beyond the Miss- issippi. In 1852, on his marriage, Mr. Noble be- gan the improvement of his land and afterwards purchased eighty acres of section 34 of Marquette Township, where he made his home until 1868. At the death of his father, he bought the old home- stead and has since there continued to reside amid the surroundings of his early manhood. He is now the owner of 255 acres of arable land and takes a just pride in his highly cultivated and developed farm. Upon his land is also situated one of the finest granite quarries in the State. The granite is used for paving purposes in the cities of Milwaukee and Chicago and is susceptible of the finest iiolish. It will withstand the actions of the elements, never cracking or breaking, and is a source of a good in- come to the owner. In connection with the other business interests which occupy his time, Mr. Noble is engaged in the raising of fine stock, making a specialty of sheep. Since the time when he came to the Territory of Wisconsin, our subject has identified himself with growth and progress of the community, manifest- ing a deep interest in all that pertains to the wel- fare of the people in general or tends to the up- building of town, county or State. Since the age of twenty-one years he has been identified with the temperance movement, having at that time joined the Sons of Temperance. At the time of the or- ganization of the Independent Order of Good Templars, he enrolled his name with the members of that society and has been one of its most active members. He has enlisted in the ranks of that worthy cause for life and will continue his warfare against the dread evil until called to his final rest. As a citizen, he is public spirited and progressive. He has ever discharged the duties devolving upon him as a member of this great commonwealth with true fidelity, and deserves the respect of all men. He and his family arc held in high esteem and in the social world fill an enviable position. |nj)USSELL NICHOLS, a retired farmer, now |L^ residing in Markesan, Green Lake County, \\ and one of the leading citizens of the count}', was born in Eairfield, Herkimer Co., N. Y., Feb. 13, 1812, and is one of a family of ten children. His parents were Wanton and Fannie (Dorman) Nichols, the former a native of Rhode Island, the latter of Connecticut, but both were born of New f^ngland parentege. The record of their family of eight sons and three daughters is as follows: Lavius settled in the South ; Herman married Nancy Norton and died in Boonevillo, N. Y., leaving two children; Mial was married in Herkimer County and settled in Buffalo, N. Y., where his death occurred ; Ebenezer was married in the same county and died in the Empire State; Wanton became a resident of Wisconsin and de- parted this life in Oconomowoc; Ranson died of 654 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. consumption >t his liome in Heikimer County. N.' Y.; Russell.^of this sketch, is the next in oriliT of birth; Sarah w.is drowned in West Canada Creek at the age of _twenty-flve years; Eliza became the wife of William Uoyle. who died at their home in Ohio, leaving two children, one of whom afterward died, but the other daughter. 8arab,'lived to ma- turity and married a Mr. Beckwith, an attorney-al- law at Pottsdam, N. Y.; lion. Archibald is now a resident of Kansas and Celestia, tiie youngest, died with consumption. For a number of years,' however, Archibald was a resident of Green Lake County, and was one of its prominent citizens. He was five times elected to represent his district in the State Legislature, for a number of j-cars was Chairman of the Town Board of Supervisors and for several terms was Justice of the Peace. He was not only widely known. throughout the Community but his reputa- tion extended all over the Stale and he][numbered j among his friends some of Wisconsin's most prom- j inent legislators. ' He wedded Mary Hormand and j unto them were born five children — Seth, Fannie, ' Emma, Sarah and Alice. Mr. and Mrs. Nichols, parents of our subject, pasted their entire lives in Herkimer County, N. Y.. where they were highly [ respected citizens. Tiiey held membership in the \ Episcopal Church. ' Russell Nichols, whose name heads this notice, received his education in the district schools and when a joung man became an engineer. For eight years he made his home at Fall River, Mass., and then returned to his native county at the call of his father to take charge of the property. In 1842 he was united; in marriage with Miss Eliza Finch, who was born in Ireland, and two years later they came to Green Lake County. Mr. Nichols has now been a resident of this community for more than forty- five years and is classed among the noble band of pioneers. In 1882 he was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who died on the 2 Jth of Sep. tembcr of that year, after forty years of happy | we'hen Judges Larabee and Aikens were appointed .State At- toruies. ^, ELVIN CHILDS. who is engaged in farm- ing on section 34 in the town of Berlin, has been a resident of Green Lake County, for forty-three years, covering the whole period of Wisconsin's existence as a State and two years of her territorial reign. He was born in Ba- tavia Township, Genesee Co., N. Y., July 26. 1820, and is a son of William and Zulima (Clark) Childs. His grandfather Pennel Chdds, who is numbered among tlie early .settlers of New York, was a farmer and miller by tr.ade. His wife lived to the advanced age of eighty-three years. The father of our subject ixmoved to the Empire State with his parents and in Eastern New York wedded Miss Clark. Soon afterwards, he removed to Genesee County and in the midst of the forest de- veloped a good farm. In 1829, he was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, a faithful mem- ber of the Baptist Church, who died at the age of thirty-six years, leaving six children, three sons and three daughters. He afterwards married .Sarah Whiting by whom he had eight children. He was a Democrat in politics and died at the age of eighty-three years. Melvin Childs was reared to f;irm life and re- ceived a limited education in the subscription schools. Having worked for his father upon the old homo farm until twenty-two years of age he then hired out as a farm hand, continuing in that capacity until March, 1844, when he started for PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBLM. 655 the Territory of Wisconsin. On retioliing Ashta- bula County, Ohio, he stopped at the home of an uncle intending tliere to wait until he could pro- ceed by water, the lakes being then frozen over, but it was a late spring that year and becoming tired of waiting, he hired out for a year with a farmer in the neighborhood. When that time had expired he consented to remain another year and it was not until 184G that his original intention was carried out. He reached Green Lake County in the month of June and shortly afterward entered eighty .acres of land three miles west of Dartford, in the town of Piinceton, where he continued to make his home until May, 1850, when he settled upon the farm wiiere he has since i-esided. lie now owns 170 acres of as fine land as can be found in the town and has a splendid farm as the result of his excellent management, industry, enterprise and preseverance. It is furnished with good build- ings and all the necessary improvements. On the Snd day of May, 1850, Mr. Childs was united in marriage with R. Ann Vosburg, and with iiis j'oung bride began life wliere he now lives. She was a native of New York, born June 24, 1836, and by her marriage liad three children — Emily Z., who died at the age of thirty-two years; Ella J., wife of P. W. .lackson and the mother of tliree children; Mclviii E., who wedded Kit Clougii, by whom he has one child. The mother of these children w.as c;illed to her final rest Oct. 9, 1876, and her loss w.as deeply mourned by many friends as well as liy her immediate family. Mr. Ciiilds was again married Dec. 30, 1880, when Mrs. Jane Morris became ills wife. She w.as born June 17, 1828, .and was the widow of Isaac H. Morris. Mr. Childs affiliated with the Democratic party until his views on the slavery question caused him to ally himself with tlic new Republican party formed to prevent its further extension, since which time he has been a warm advocate of its principles. He is a representative and valued citi- zens of tlie community and for two years iield the office of Side Supervisor, and one year discharged the duties of Treasurer of tiie town of Berlin. As a farmer he has been quite successful, having made all that he possesses by his own effort. Mr. Childs is one of the few left to relate the story of pioneer life and the history of the advancement and progress of the country. He has been num- bered! among the most highly esteemed citizens of the community for forty-three years and well de- serves a representation in this volume. Upon the organization of the town of Princeton, he was a member of the Board. OHN BARRY, a banker and attorney of Moutello. is numbered among the prominent I j^businessjnen ofjthat village and since 1883, the banking interests of that yill.age have been represented by John Barry & Son. The first bank .w.as opened by E. B. and C. S. Kelsey in 1 857, but after four or five years they discontinued bnsiness.nin 1880, E. G. Newhall and A. E. Morse opened a priv.ate bank and were succeeded by the present firm on the 16th of July, 1883. Under the management of each of the above named par ties the bank has borne the appellation of the Montello Bank, and is now one of the leading mone^'ed institutions of the county. Our subject is a native of Queenstown. Ireland, his birth having occurred in that country Jan. 2, 183y. His father, Michael Barry, who is now a resident of the town of Harris, M.arquette County, was born in Countj' Cork, Ireland, in 1804. and married. Margaret Harrigan. He was a shoemaker by trade and followed that business in his native land until 1850, when with his family, consisting of wife and five sons, he crossed the Atlantic to America. His destination was .Milwr.ukee, Wis., and on landing he resumed his journey without delay and continued to reside in that city two years or until the spring of 1852, when he came to Mar- quette County and settled on a fiirm in the town of Harris. He lost his wife a number of years .ago but he is still in robust health for a man of his ad- vanced years. The eldest son of Mich.ael and Margaret Berry is Michael. .Ir., a resident of Vicksbnrg, Miss., where he has made his home since 1856. He was engaged as ra.ate on a steamer on the Mississippi River when the war broke out and was foiced into the Coufederatr service, being- under the command 656 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. of Gen. Forrest. He made several attempts to escape but was not successful. The other sons, John, Patrick, .Tames and Daniel W.. who accom- panied their parents to America, are all residents of M.nrquette County. Two sons were horn after the arrival of the family — Thomas W. and Davifl. liie former a resident of Berlin. Green Lake County, and the latter now living on the old liomestead with his father. John Barry, whose name heads this notice, was a lad of twelve years when he crossed the broad At- lantic to find a home in America. Ho attended school in Jlilwaukee and remained in that city two years after the family came to Marquette County. He then went to liis home but soon afterward be- gan clerking in Madison. He was fitted for a suc- cessful business career by excellent educational advantages. His father being in comfortable cir- cumstances, at an enrly age he was placed in the national school at Queenstown. where he obtained the rudiments of a thorough English education. As before stated, he continued his studies in Mil- waukee, where he received superior advantages and improved every opportunity. In 1858, he engaged in teaching and after following that pro- fession for a number of terms, acted as salesman for his uncle, James Barry, a boot and shoe dealer of Montello. with wiiom he remained until 1864, when he taught the school in district No. 6, in Montello Township. Having attained his majority, he was elected town clerk in the spring of 1865 and has held that office almost continuously since, being tlie present incumbent. He served as Regis- ter of Deeds of Marquette County from 1869, to 1872 inclusive, and was Deputy County Treasurer and Clerk of the Court during that time. He was also Clerk of the Circuit Court two terras and served as Deputy Sheriff under S. Kallis. in 1867 and 1868. For a number of years he served .as a member of the village board and for two years was President of that body. He was for three y»'ars a member of the school board of Montello and is now its Secretary. The cause of education has ever found in Mr. Barry a warm friend and in his present position he exerts his power to the ut- most in behalf of good schools. While Clerk of the Ciicuit Court, he directed his attention to the study of law and was admitted to the Circuit Court Jan. 7, 1875, and to the Supreme Court on the 25th of September. 1888. The banking busi- ness is conducted with Mr. Barr3' as President and his son, A. J., as cashier. The latter now has ex- clusive charge of the bankiug business as his father devotes the greater part of his time to his pro- fession. On Christmas day of 1861. .Mr. Barry was united in marriage with Miss Kate S. Devany. daughter of D. K. and Mary (Hart) Devany. Their union has been blessed with four children, three sons and a daughter — A. J., born Feb. 8. 1864, was educated in the public schools of Montello, being a gradu- ate of the high school, and received his business training under the instruction of his father: Henry, born July 3, 1866, also graduated from the high school of Montello and is engaged in the mercan- tile business in that place: Thomas William, another graduate of the same school, is now a student in the Bennett Medical College of Chicago. He w.is born Sept. 25, 1869. Kate E.. the only daughter of the family, was born in November. 1871. Mr. Barry and his family are faithful and con- sistent members of the Catholic Church. He is a Democrat in politics and cast his first Presidential vote for Stephen A. Douglas, in 1860. For thirty- five j'ears he has been a resident of Marquette County, and has been prominently identified with its growth and progress. Whatever he undertakes he carries forward to a successful completion and as a business man and lawyer r.anks high. He is ever among the foremost in the support of those enter- prises which tend to promote the best interests of town and county and is deserving of special mem- tion in this volume. jlj_^ ON. OHRIN W. BOW is numbered among ifjli the pioniinent f.armers and pioneers of !^^^ Green Lake County and it is with the (vy! greatest pleasure that we record his sketch in this volume. His well-spent life marked by honesty, uprightness, benevolence and unbounded kindness of heart has made him many friends. Probably no one in the county is so widely known PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. or stands higher in the estimation of his fellow- citizens. Mr. Bow was born in Pittsfield, Mass., on the 24th of September, 1822, and is one of two children, whose parents, Caleb and Sally (Wing) Bow, were both natives of the old Bay State. Our subject is now the only representative of the fam- ily'. His father, who was a farmer by occupation, died when Orrin was a mere child. The mother then removed with her children to Monroe County, N. Y., where lier death occurred. His sister Ann became the wife of Mr. Herrick and liotli are now deceased. Our subject was reared to manhood in Monroe County, N. Y., the days of his boyhood and youth being passed upon a farm. He received no special educational advantages but acquired a good knowl- edge of the common branches in the schools of his neighborhood, after which lie engaged in teaching for four years. On attaining his majority he deter- mined to cast his lot with the pioneer settlers of Wisconsin and in the spring of the year (1843) landed in JanesviUe, where he remained for six- teen months. At tlie end of that time, however, he returned to the East, but in the month of June, 1846, he again came to Wisconsin and located in Marquette C'ount3\ on the section of land which has since been separated under tlie name of Green Lake County. In the town of Albany he purchased 400 acres arty located it as his claim and Mr. Bow was then obliged to purchase it second-handed. In the meantime, while in the East, he was united in marriage with Miss Lydia C. Morse, the wedding taking place Oct. 25, 1845. The young couple began their domestic life in the West in a little log cabin, which for a number of years continued to l)e their home. On their arrival Mr. Bow found that he had but twelve shillings in cash. That was cer- tainly not a very bright outlook. The produce of the farm did not net any very great gain ; wheat brought fift3 cents per bushel and other grains sold in i)roportion. Mr. Bow labored from the rising of the sun until darkness forbade him continuing longer at his task. Many were the hardships and 'difficulties which he encountered, but he was buoyed up by the hope that, ere long his]land would^yield bounteous returns for the labor which he bestowed upon it and thus enable him to^make a comfortable home, and his desires were at length rewarded. The work of development went gradually on and the rich and fertile fields paid a golden tribute to the cultivation which he bestowed upon them. The boundaries of his farm were extended until his landed possessions now 'aggregate] 1,200 acres, all of which is situated in Kingston Township. The land, too, is all cultivated. No man in the community has taken a more ac- tive part in developing the resources of Green Lake and Marquette Counties than Mr. Bow, and to him a;debt of gratitude is due which can never be repaid. Never has he refused his aid when solic- ited in behalf of some worthy enterprise calculated to benefit the public. Churches and schools have been the recipients of his liberality and many a poor and needy one has reason to bless him for his timely assistance in their hours of need. During the years of tlie Rebellion, when the younger men had to leave their homes and families and fight for their country and its cause, he cared for the wives and children left behind. The soldiers' pay was not such as to support a family with any great de- gree of comfort and many a sack of flour, barrel of potatoes or other needed article found its way into the homes of the suffering soldiers, the in- mates little dreaming whence came the assistance. His icts of charity and benevolence have been per- formed in a quiet and unostentatious manner, he caring little for the praise of men, content with the knowledge that he had aided one in need of assistance. By the union of Orrin Bow and Lydia Morse a family of six children has been born — Cora, prin- cipal of the schools of Mason City, Neb., is the wife of Charles Loucks, who is engaged in farming near that city; Elizabeth is the wife of Edwin Ring, a farmer of the town of Kingston, Green Lake County ; Anna, at home, has for several years been principal of the schools of Kingston; Orrin W.. who is engaged in the practice of law, is a young man of more than ordinary ability, and bids fair to make a brilliant career in the world; Lydia is the wife of William M.illiiran, a furnituio dealer 658 PORTRAIT AJ;D BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and undertaker, of the town of Kingston: Lill^' is at home. Neither labor nor expense has been spared by Mr. and Jlrs. Bow in providing the best educational advantages for their children, four of whom are college graduates. Mr. Bow is everj- where recognized as one of tlie most useful and valued citizens of Green Lake County and the people have shown their apprecia- tion of his worth and abilit^^ by three times elect- ing him as their representative to tlie General Assembly of Wisconsin. While a member of that body, be gave to each question which came up for settlement his careful consideration and his decision was therefore unbiased. He labored for the inter- ests of the district which be represented and was a worthy member of tlie House for six years. In politics he is a supporter of the Democratic party and never wavers in his allegiance to its principles as taught by its eminent leaders. r AMES C ALDER, of Manchester Township, I Green Lake County, residing on section 25, ^^^ jl was born in .Sterlingsliire, Scotland, April 3, ij^jjf' 1821, and is a son of John and Janet ( Kin- cade) Calder, both of whom are now deceased, having died in their native land. They were the parents of ten children, our subject being the youngest, but only three are now living. His brother and sister, David and Mary, are still resi- dents of Scotland. In fact, .lames was tlie only one who ever left, the old home to settle in the Mew World. He was educated in the schools of Scotland and began his business career as a farm hand, continuing that labor for eight years. lie then purchased a horse with the earnings which he had saved and began teaming. In that manner lie acquired enough to pay his passage to .\inerica, where he believed that he might better his iinan- cial condition. Bidding good-by to home and friends, on the 16th of May. he boarded the Amer- ican vessel '-Liberty" at Gla.sgow and sailed for this country, the voyage was a long and tedious oi:e. lastin."!: for nine weeks and four days, during which time they encountered some very rough weather, the vessel losing its mainmast and one sailor being swept awaj-. The sight of land was indeed a welcome one to Mr. Calder. He landed in New York City, and at once continued his journey to Milwaukee, arriving in the month of October. His capital at that time would not have induced many firms to admit him to partnership, being only ten cents. On foot, he started for Portage, Wis., and made his way to Fox Lake, where he hail an acquaintance living. In that vicinity he secured work at -^0 per montii the year round, his employer being Mr. Robertson of Manchester Township, with whom he remained for five years. At the expira- tion of that time, in 1855, he began working for W. R. Carter on the shares, and in that manner earned his livelihood until 1860. The country was then greatly agitaf^d over the slavery question, and the following spring, after Kt. .Sumter was fired upon and the President had issued his call for troops, he enlisted in the service for three months but was returned from Madison after two Or three weeks and discharged. Returning to Green Lake County. Mr. Calder there remained until 18G2, wiien he traveled through Minnesota and Iowa with tiie view to making a location, but lie found no place which so well suited him as his old home, and in consequence he purch.ased seventy acres of land on section 25, in the town of Manchester. It had been partl\' improved but yet required a great expenditure of time, labor and money to transform it into its pres- ent highly cultivated condition. In the same year, believing it not good for man to be alone, he wedded Miss Sar.ih Richards, who was born in Cambridgeshire, England, Jan. 29, 1840, and is a daughter of Richard and Sarah (Bond) Richarils, who are more fully mentioned in the sketch of R. Bond. The wtilding ceremonj' was performed on the 13th of May, 1862, and they at once began their domestic life in a rude cabin which continued to be their home for about two years, when the i comfortable residence in which they are still living ' was erected. Out of the old house they moved j into the new. and prosperity attended them. Mr. I Calder is ranked among the most successful and I substantial farmers of Green Lake County, and h.as j an 'ncome which enables him to live in comfortable 1 ciicu instances. The capital with which he begau PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Co9 life ill America has many, many times increased in value. lie possesses good business ability, sagacity and industiy, and is fair and honest in all his deal- ings, as all will testify who have liad business transactions with him. The union of Mr. and Mrs. C'alder has been ble.'iscd with thiec children, one son and two daugh- ters: Sarah J., who was born June 12, 1863, and is now the wife of George Ames, a farmer of Mack- ford Township, whom she wedded Nov. 28, 1888; John R. was born Feb. 21, ISGC, and Melissa M., born Feb. 22. 1869. They have all been pro.vided with liberal educational advantages, and the younger daughter is a teacher of recognized ability. When only fifteen years old she obtained a certificate and has now been successfully engaged in teaching in this and adjoining counties for four years. In (lolitical sentiment. Mr. Calder is a stalwart Republican, and has filled various township offices. For twenty-one 3'ears he was a member of the School Board and exerted his power to the utmost in behalf of education. He has never united with any church, but never refuses aid to any denomin- ation. His wife and daughters are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the family are held in the highest respect by all. Both Mr. and Mrs. Calder are widely known for their charity and benevolence, and out of their kindness of heart the}' tenderly cared for Ella, an orphan child of Henry and Harriet Collins until she went to a home of her own, she becoming the wife of Frank Brat- ten, in February, 1871). She resides near Cedar Rapids, Neb. The debt of gratitude which she owes to her foster parents can never be repaid, but the worthy couple have the consciousness of right doing, and in time will receive their reward. AMUEL H. RADWAY, who is practically iving a retired life in Berlin, was form- erly one of the leading mechanics of that city. He was born in Cortland County, N. Y., Dec. 15, 1815, and is a son of Wilmouth Radw.aj', a Vermont farmer, who served in the war of 1812, and for a few years prior to his death drew a pension in recognition of his services. He died in 1884 at the .advanced nge of ninety-four yeans. He married Lydia Hovey. also a native of the Green Mountain State, and unto them were born six children, Orrin. Sophronia, 'Samuel H., Matursin Wilmouth and Jesse. Our subject is entirely a self-made man. He re- ceived no special advantages in his youth and the only opportunity he received for securing an edu- cation was afforded by the district [schools, which he attended until the age of twelve years. He has made his own way in the world since a lad of four- teen years at which time he left home to learn the business of carding and cloth manufacturing, but not finding that employment congenial he aban- doned it at the end of the three years' apprentice- ship. During that time his wages were but 13 a month. Possessing mechanical genius of a high order, he now embarked uiion a business peculiarly ailapted to him and met with excellent success. He was engaged in the construction of wooden water wheels in New York until 1846, when believ- ing that he might better his condition in the West he emigrated to the Territory of Wisconsin, settling in Dartford, Green Lake Count}', where be followed his trade of a millwright for Dart & Sherwood for three years. In 1849, he went to St. Marie, where he was engaged in cabinet work and milling for ten years, during which time he built a mill at Markesan, one at Sun Prairie and a third at Prince- ton. The year 1859 witnessed his arrival in Ber- lin where he resumed business as a millwright. He built the mill of Carhart & Wright in Eureka, Win- nebago County, another at Tema and erected four others in Waupaca County. Many years were spent in that line of business when he began mak- ing patterns of milling sandpaper machines for Perry & Matthews, with whom he remained for three years. Since that time he has devoted some attention to that business but is practically living a retired life. He received no instruction of any importance concerning the work which he has made his life occupation. He possesses much genius and an observing eye and has been remarka- bly successful in the prosecution of that occupa- tion. He had the misfortune to lose a limb by amputation in 1856 as a result of a fever sore which began to develop when he was five 3'ears of 660 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. age. lie used cnitclies for about a j'ear but (lur- ing that time conceived the idea of making a wooden limb. After experimenting for a sliort time lie succeeded, and in 1857 constructed a wooden limb for his own use since which time he has made as many as a dozen for other parties. OnthelOlhof Novemlrer, 1835. Mr. Radway led to the marriage altar Miss Elmira Pierce, of Vermont, and their union has, been blessed with three children, two sons and a daughter, namely: Francelia, who became the wife of Lew .Stone, an engineer in a brass foundry of Milwaukee; Frank- ford, who married .Maggie Condell and is eng.aged in farming in Dakota; and Marscious, a carpenter and architect of Ripon, wlio wedded Sarah Atwell. Mr. Uadway is a Republican in politics and has held the ollice of Treasurer of St. Marie and for two years was its Assessor. He is a Trustee of Baptist Church, of which he and his wife have long been members and is an honored pioneer of the county. His residence covers a greater period than almost anj' other of its citizensand few men have done more for its .idvancement and upbuild- ing. He is widely and favorably- known through- out the community and it is with pleasure that we record his sketch. ^-^1^-^^ !?) W. MEACHAM. Among the wonders of Green Lake County, Indeed of Wisconsin, should be mentioned Sunnyside Stock Farm. It is located on the northeast bank of Green Lake, bordering the lake for about a mile and a quarter, and contains 609 acres. The residence is about three fourths of a mile from the lake, but being situated on a slight elevation, commands a splendid view of the water and ihc surrounding country. So numerous are the buildings on the farm that from a distance it appears like a small village nest- ling on a southern sunny slope. A fine carriage house, a spacnous barn, sheds, stys, granaries, cribs and a fully equipped blacksmith shop, are the princi- pal outbuildings that deck the farm, and the best of material and workmanship are everywhere mani- fested. Ikit it is the palatial residence that excites the admiration of all who see it. Neither its size nor its architecture are imposing, though both are in harmony with good taste. It is a two story frame structure with a hip roof, the main building facing the north and overlooking the highway which runs e.ast and west. To that is added an L. which extends southward. The grassy and well kept lawn is shaded b^- beautiful trees, and the highway for about one and a half mile is lined with large maples. The internal finish and furnishiugs of the house cannot be adequately described, for therein does iljexcel anj- residence in the Northwest, outside of the large cities. Indeed, it is question- able whether Chicago can show a more lavishly furnished parlor. The wootl work is of the finest grain ; the mouldings about the ceiling and windows are most elaborate and beautiful; the large mirrors and superb paintings are encased in the richest frames; the upholstery, pianos, chandeliers, etc., are the choicest the market aflfords. and the entire fur- nishings of the house are in harmony witli the parlor. On the first lloor are the family rooms, and above are the private a[)artments and the amusement room, which is furnislicd with a splen- did billiard table. Various estimates have been made as to the amount of capital required in the erection of such a building as Sunnyside, and it is generally thought that i!25,000 would be a modest estimate. In silent magnificence, .Sunnyside stands a monument to him who conceived it and gave material form to his conception — John McDonald, whose character is loo well known to require com- ment here. As a monument Sunnyside bi ars two inscriptions, |)lainly readable to almost anyone; on the one side is written Wealth and Enterprise; on the other Folly and Ruin. From Mr. McDonald the farm passed tu C. JL Sanger of Milwaukee, who used it as a suiiimer resort for a short time and then sold it to L. Trim- born of the same city. The latter made it his home for about four years, and then transferred it in 1885 to G. W. Meacham of Chicago, who has become a permanent resident of Green Lake County, and therefore deserves mention in the record of tiie other prominent citizens. Mr. Meacham was born in Oswego County, N. V., Oct. 5, 1837, being a son of Col. Benjamin F. and Rebecca (Hinman) Meacham, both of whom PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 6G1 were also natives of Oswego County, whence they rpinoveri to Fleming County, Ky., in 1848. Mr. Mejieharn was an enteri)rising and successful business man, but owing to bis endorsing notes for others, he became bankrupt ere he left New York. On his removal to Kentucky, lie rented a large farm of 3,000 acres, upon which were seventy-five negro slaves. He made the first cheese in that (State, and there carried on business until 185o. He was a thorough, outspoken Northern man, and carried his principles with him into the South. In the year above mentioned, on account of his abolition principles, he left Kentucky and removed to Du Page County, 111., where lie passed his last da^'s. He was the Captain of a company of militia which he led to Canada during the Black Hawk War, and while on that expedition was commissioned Colonel. When the Republican party was formed to prevent the further extension of slavery, he joined its ranks and took an active part in the recruiting service. Both he and his wife, who still survives liim, be- longed to the Congregational Cliurch. Tliey were parents of two children: G. W. of this sketch, and Elizabeth, wife of Frank Woodworth,of Chicago. Our subject received his primary education in the public schools, supplementing it by an attend- ance at Wheaton College in Illinois, where he re- mained two years. For the same length of time, he also attended a private school in Peoria for young men. AVhen he had reached man's estate, he was united in mai'riage with Cornelia A. Rathbun, a native of Oneida County, N. Y., born May 22, 1844. With her parents she emigrated to Illinois, the family being one of the first settlers of Du Page County. Five children have been born unto them, namely: Eliza, Edith R., George J., Ch.arles, who died when four years of age, and Roy R. Mr. Meaoham began life in very limited circum- stances. Indeed, for some time he ran a ditching machine and a thresher, but by his industry he in that way acquired the capital neccessary to purchase a farm, which he did, managing his business in the most a[)proved manner. When the Milwaukee iV St. Paul Railroad was laid, he platted a town upon his farm, christening it Meacham, b^' which name it is still known. In 1872, forming a partnership with A. D. Loomis, he engaged in the lumber busi- ness in Chicago, theirs being the first yard estab- lished on Goose Island. Later, Frank Wuodworth became his partner, but the first title of G. W. Meacham & Co., remained unchanged. He also did a private real estate business and accumulated ample capital, so that when failing health compelled him to retire from active life, he repaired to Sunny- side, having sufficient means to enable him to pass his declining years in e.ase and quiet, and in the enjoyment of a well earned rest. Thus have we given a brief sketch of the present owner of beauti- ful Sunnyside, one of the finest homes in the North- west. JHILANDER H. PHELPS, who is now ) living a retired life in Berlin, but for , many years was prominently connected I \ with the leading business interests of this city and community, is a native of the I^mpire State. He was born in "Virgin Township, Genesee County, Dec. 18, 1822. The family is noted for longevity. His father died at the age of ninety- one years, and his grandmother had passed her one hundredth birthday many years before her death. At the age of one hundred and three years she could dance with all the grace of a girl of eighteen. Abner P. Phelps, father of our subject, was bora in Connecticut in 1790, of Welsh parentage, but when a child was taken by his parents to New York, \\ here he became acquainted with and married Lucy Butler, who was born in Massachusetts in 1792, and was of English descent. She also had removed with her family to the Empire State. Shortly after his marriage Mr. Phelps entered land near the site of the present city of Rochester, but becoming dissatisfied with his farm, he sold out for almost nothing, and removed to Genesee Cou.Tty, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits for many years. He was one of the prominent citizens of that community, and held the office of Sheriff and Collector fora longtime. When the War of 1812 broke out he left his family and entered the ser- vice, continuing to defend his country' until the close of hostilities. In 1846, accompanied by his •wife and children, he emigrated to the Territor}' of 66-2 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Wisconsin, locating in Oak Grovo. Doilge County, where the deatli of Mrs. Phelps occurreil the fol- lowing year. She was a faithful member of the Presbyterian Ciiurch. and was the mother of ten children, three sons and seven daughters, of whom six arc yet living. The late Dr. Charles Phelps, of Ripon, is the only one of that number who fol- lowed a professional c.ireer. After the deatli of his wife, Mr. Phelps removed with his children to Waupuii, Fond du Lac County, where he engaged in the grocery business for a short time. He was living in Ripon at the time of his death, whicli occurred at the age of ninety-one years. His long life was probably greatly due to his temperate habits. He voted with the Demo- cratic party, and was a warm advocate of Jeffer- sonian principles until the outbreak of the Civil War. after which he acted with the Republicans. He also was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and was a higlily-respceted citizen. Our subject passed the days of his boyliood nnd youth upon his father's farm, and pursued the elementary studies in the district schools of his neighborhood. In early life he displayed much ability as a mechanic, and when nineteen years of age began learning the machinist's trade. Though he never served a regular apprenticeship, he became an expert workman, and has been able to command the highest wages. He continued business in tli.at line in his native county until 1844, vvhen he and his brother started for Wisconsin, locating in Oak Grove, Dodge County, where he owned some land. They kept bachelor's hall, and wlide Philander worked as a machinist his brothei; engaged in the development of the farm. On the 23d of .July, 1846, Mr. Phelps and Fran- ces E. Peck were married. The lady was born in Stockbridge, ^Lass., Feb. 6, 1827, and is a daughter of Hubbard and Mary (Phillips) Peck. The for- mer was born in Connecticut in 1790, the latter in Massachusetts in 1794. Their early married life, w.as passed near Salisbury, but in later years they came West, spending their last days in this Slate. The father die U 16, in I Count; ^ ) on the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 663 severance and self-reliance wliich have proved im- portant factors in his after life. His father died when he was but eight 3'ears of age, and upon iiis mother devolved the care and support of her four children. John being the eldest, was forced, when but a lad, to earn his own livelihood, and assist in providing for the other three children. Our sub- ject and his brother Richard are the only living representatives of the family. Years came and went, years of toil and trouble, but at length he arrived at manhood, and was united in marriage. With his wife and one child, in 1845, he crossed the Atlantic to America, and on reaching Quebec, came direct to AVisconsin. He made his first loca- tion in Racine, where two j'ears of bis life were passed, when in 1847, he removed with his family to Columbia County, where he made arrangements towards securing a farm. He entered eighty acres of land which he transformed into a good farm, making it his home until 18G4, when he sold out. The same year he purchased a tract of 220 acres on sections 9, 15 and 16, in the town of Kingston, to which he has since added until his landed posses- sions now aggregate 380 acres, all within the same township. His efforts have been blessed with a reasonable degree of success, and in proportion to his means, he has given for public enterprises and charitable works. Mr. Cruckson was called upon to mourn the death of his wife in 1862. He was again married on the 17th of .Tune, 1863, when Miss Ann Kmer- son, who is a native of England, became his wife. Accompanied by her parents, she crossed the At- lantic to America in 1855. Both are now deceased, the father's death having occurred in Kingston in 1883. at the age of sixty-nine years. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Cruckson has been blessed with five children: William, a resident farmer of the town of Kingston; Henry, who is engaged in farming in Marshall County, S. Dak.; Bessie, who is engaged in te.iching; Fred and Robert, who are yet at home. Jlr. Cruckson has been a resident of Wisconsin since its Territorial days, having voted for the delegates who framed the Slate Constitution. In early life, he supported the Whig part}', but since its organization has been an advocate of tlie Re- publican party. He is a strong advocate of the temperance cause, and gives his support to any re- form which has for its object the uplifting of man- kind. He is charitable and benevolent, and is a faithful and consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, with which he united fifty-eight years ago. His wife is also a member, and their faithfulness to dut}', and their earnest efforts to live in harmony with their profession, have won them many friends, who appreciate their worth, and tender them the respect which is their just due. /p^EORGE HAZLEWOOD, who resides on ||| (= section 4, in the town of Green Lake is '^^11 one of the truly self-made men of Green Lake County. His example of industrj' and per- severance is one well worthy of emulation. He was born in Oxfordshire, England, on the 31st of January, 1833, and is a son of William and Ann (Quinney) Hazlewood, who were born, reared, mar- ried, and died in the same county. Their family numbered ten children, eight of whom lived to ma- ture years. The seventh in order of birth is our subject. He is the only one who crossed the ocean, but he has never had occasion to regret making America his home. As his father was in very limited circumstances, and the family was large, he had to begin life for himself at the tender age of eight years, receiving only three pence per d.a}-. He was taught to read and write at home, hut aside from that his opportunities for securing an educa- tion, were very meagre. He worked as a laborer until twenty-two years of age, when he decided to cross the Atlantic to America, where he believed he might better his financial condition. Landing at New York Cit}-, he at once resumed his journey, continuing on his way until reaching Princeton, Green Lake Co.. Wis. He again worked as a la- borer until he had accumulated enough money to purchase a horse and dray, when he went to Ripon and engaged in teaming for about five years. Mr. Hazlew(jod, on the 17th of September, 1866, was joined in wedlock with Alice Welch, daughter of James and Klizabeth (Bazeley) Welch. She was 664 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Ijorn in Buckiuf^lKimsliire. England. Feb. 16, 1845, and llieir union has been blessed with seven chil- dren, namely: .Vnn, wife of Edward Fisher. Will- iam. Cyrus, James. Amos. Agnes, and Martha. In 1871, Mr. Hazlewood turned his attention to f:irming. in which he^has since been engaged. He purchased eighty-five and a half acres of land, and has now one of the highly improved farms of the community. His home is pleasantly and conven- iently situated about a half mile from Green Lake and commands a fine view of that beautiful body of water. Beginning at the lowest round of the ladder, Mr. Hazlewood. step by step, has worked his way upward. The trials and difticullies which he encountered, seemed to serve only as an impetus for renewed labor, urging him on to greater efforts. He indeed deserves much credit for his success, and we join his many friends in wishing that in the future years he m.iy be still more prosperous than in the past. As a citizen, he is public-spirited and progressive, and has won the higii regard of all with whom business or pleasure have brought him ill contact. He is a supporter of the Democratic party. ^?=!5lE()KGK .M.CLELL.VND. one of the pro- [11 g_ gressive and enterprising farmers of Green '^^Ij Lake County, residing on section 2.5 in the town of Berlin, is a native of the Buckeye State. He was born on the 24111 of M.iy. 1834, in Knox County, and is a son of Thomas and Mary (Wilson) McClelland. Though of Scotch descent, Thomas McClelland was born in Ireland in 1815, and when about three years old he came with his parents to the United States, the family locating in Knox County, Ohio, where he grew to manhood and married Miss Mary Wilson, who wiis about six years his senior and was a native of that State. After residing in Ohio for a number of years, they decided to try their fortune in Michigan, but not meeting with the success they anticipated they re- moved to Nobles County, Ind., in 1839. About seven years later, in 1846, Mr. McClelland, accom- panied by our subject, his eldest son. came to Green Lake County for the purpose of selecting a location and entered the southeast quarter of sec- tion 26. Berlin Township, upon which he built a log cabin, 16x20 feet. They lived in bachelor style for a few months, but in the fall of the same year he returned to Indiana and accompanied the remainder of his family to the home which he had prepared for them. They began life in true pio- neer style and were forced to endure many hard- ships, but after a time, owing to the rise in the value of land and the success which attended their efforts in farming. Mr. McClelland was able to place his family in more comfoi table circumstances. As soon as possible, he replaced the first cabin by a substantial log house built on the southwest quarter of section 25, which he had added to his farm, th.it in turn was repl.iced, in 1868. by the fine brick veneered dwelling, in which our subject now resides. It is one of the most palatial residences within the borders of Berlin Township. Mr. Mc- Clelland was in very limited circumstances when he came to the county, but he became one of the wealthiest farmers of the communit}-, owing to his indefatigable industry, perseverance and judicious management. He was a man of scholarly tastes, a logical reasoner. and possessed not only the thought but the power and ability to express his ideas in well chosen words. He supported the Whig party in early life but afterwanl became a Republican, and both he and his wife were members of the Universalist Church. He died in 1881, and his wife was called home the following year. In their family were seven children who reached ma- turity, but only two are living in this county — George and Wiliiam; Samuel and Truman reside in Nebraska; Alexander is living in Oregon; Me- lissa makes her home in Iowa; and Sallie is a resi- dent of Clark County, Dakota. Our subject is the eldest of tlie family. As his early life was spent on the frontier of Michigan, Indiana and Wisconsin, he received but limited educational advantages, for the schools in the pio- neer settlements were not such as we find to-day scattered all over the country. On attaining his majority, be started out in life for himself to make his own way in the world. Going to Minnesota, he engaged in farming in that Slate for eight years, during which time he did his own house work — in other words kept bachelor's hall. In PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 605 1863, he sold out and returned to Green Lake County, purchasing land adjoining the old home farm. Afterward, however, he spent four 3'ears in Montana. Idaho and Oregon, being engaged in mining the greater part of the time, although one year he ran a supply train. We again find him in this county in 1867, since wiiich time he lias made it his home. On his return he bougiit the old homestead and now owns and operates 310 acres of land. Politically, he is a Republican and takes an active interest in political affairs, but has never sought the honors or emoluments of public office. He has also been prominently identified with the ad- vancement of the cause of education. On the 31st of December, 1876, Mr. McClelland was united in marriage with Miss Mary Lj'nch, who was born in this county. Their union has been blessed with three children — George G., Myr- tle M., and Guy W. RANCIS L. SMITH, who is engaged in ) farming and stock-raising on section 22, in the tow^n of Berlin, Green Lake County, is a representative of one of the pioneer families whicli deserves especial mention in this volume. Me is a native of Washington County, X. Y.. and first saw the light of day Aug. 16, 1823. With his parents, James B. and Sophronia (Lloyd) Smith, he removed to Saratoga County, the father keep- ing a hotel in Saratoga Springs. In 1837, accom- panietl l)y his family, he emigrated to the West, locating in La Porte County, Ind., but as the climate there did not agree with the health of his wife and children, he remained but a short time and went to Cleveland. Ohio, where he died in 1838. Soon afterward the family returned to Indiana, where the mother passed away in 184j. She was an exemplary member of the Baptist Church. She and her husband by their upright lives won friends wherever they went. In their family there were five children, four sons and one daughter, two of the sons. Francis L. and Horace D.. being residents of Green Lake County. Our subject was the second in order of birth. He was fitted for life b}' a good common-school education, and on going to Indiana, started out for himself. After working for his grandfather for about two years, he and his brother rented a farm, on which he continued to make his home while residing in the Iloosier State. On the 30th of December, 1846, he chose for a life companion Miss Cordelia Payn, who was born in Genesee County, N. Y., Dec. 29, 1827, and is a daughter of Erastus and Jerusha (Bunce) Payn, who re- moved to LaPorte County, Ind., when Cordelia was a child of six 3'ears. In the autumn of 1850 Mr. Smith located on the farm where he now makes his home, having come to the West with the hope of bettering his financial condition. His sole property at that lime con- sisted of a team and wagon, which he traded to Asa Bunce for fifty-three acres of land, which he at once began to improve, using an unbroken 5'oke of oxen for the purpose of breaking the sod. That formed the nucleus of his present possessions, the farm now comprising 220 acres, 110 of which are owned by his son. He has made many excel- lent improvements, raises a good grade of stock and has a neat and tasty home. To Mr. and Mrs. Smith has been born one child — Lorenzo F., who was born in the town of Berlin, Nov. 19, 1854, and on the 5th of February, 1875. married Miss Etta, daughter of Benjamin R. and Sarah A. (Mattison) Saxton. He is a most enterprising young business man, and, like his father, is numbered among the progressive farmers of the town of Berlin. ^^ <| WILLIAM McClelland, who is engaged \aJf in farming .and stock-raising on section 27, W^ in the town of Berlin, Green Lake County, is a son of Thomas and Mary (Wilson) McClelland, and was born in Knox County, Ohio, Feb. 28, 1836. When about ten years old he came with his parents to this county, hence his education was limiteii to the pioneer hO acres of as fine land as can be found in the county. Not only is Mr. Miller a progressive and enterpris- ing farmer, but he is also numbered among the lead- ing young citizens of the township, and is now serving his second terra as Town Treasurer, being elected to that position by the Reijublican party, of which he is a wn.vm advocate. He is a representa- tive of one of the pioneer families of the county and wherever known is highly esteemed. /p?=^IDEON S AFFORD, who is engaged in gen- ii/ eral farming in Green Lake Township, "■^^iil Green Lake Co., Wis., his home being on section 27, was born in Salem Township, W.ash- ington Co., N. Y., on Dec. 29, 1822. The family was established in America at an early day. The paternal grandfather, Gideon Safford, was a Con- necticut farmer and followed that business through- out his entire life. He married Lucy Freeman and unto them were born eleven children, five sons and six daughters. He lived to the advanced age of eighty-three years and his wife was seventy-six years of age at the time of her death. The mater- nal grandfather, Mr. Eastland, was a native of Massachusetts, but afterwards removed to Rhode Island and thence to Washington Count}', N. Y., locating in Salem Township, where his wife died, leaving eight children four sons and four daugh- ters. Mr. Eastland then removed with his sons to Genesee County, where his death occurred at an advanced age. Nathan .Safford, father of our subject, was born Sept. 14, 1783, in Salem Township, Washington County, and in his youth learned the blacksmith's trade, which he carried on in connection with farm- ing. He wedded Huldah Eastland, who was born in Rhode Island. Sept. 4, 1783, their union being cele- brated in 1804. They had botli been brought by their parents to Washington County when atiout four years ohl and had known each other from childhood up. Their family numbered ten chil- dren, but only three are now living: Mary, wife of William Fairley of New York; Gideon, and Thomas D., a farmer of Dakota. The death of Mr. Safiford occurred at the age of sixty-seven years, his wife passing away at the ailvancedage of eighty-seven. Both were faithful members of the Presbyterian Church and strong believers in its early doctrines. Our subject w.as reared to manliood upon his father's farm and in the district eohools received his primary education which was supplemented bj' a partial academic course. In his youth he some- times assisted his father in the blacksmith shop, but gave no thought to the business. The use of tools seemed to be inherited, however, and without ap- parent effort he had mastered the trade, so in 1 854 he opened a blacksmith's shop of his own which he operated for eleven years. Like a dutiful son he cared for his father in his declining years, trying to repay him for the love and tenderness which sheltered him in early life. On attaining his ma- jority he led to the marriage altar Miss Cynthia Coon, the wedding taking place Feb. 12, 1857. She was born in Salem Township. Washington County, March 23, 1831, and spent her days in the East until she accompanied !ier husband to her new home in this State. In 1856 Mr. Safford went to Brandon, Fond du Lac County, and opened a blacksmith shop, return, ing the following year for his bride. They made their home in that city until 1865, when they re- moved to the town of Green Lake, where Mr. Safford is now living. His wife died May 10, 1862, leaving one child that died after a few montlis. He was again mar- ried Nov. 9, 1863, when Eliza J. Moore became his wife. She was born in Grand Rapids, Mich., July 3, 1837, and is a daughter of Lovell and Lucy (Fuller) Moore. Their union has been bles.scd with one child, Hulda L. Mr. Safiford sup- ported the Whig party in early life but has cast his ballot with the Republican party since its organiza- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. tion. He lias never been a politician in the sense of office seeking, but like every true American citizen should do. ho feels an interest in politital affairs. He keeps himself well informed uii all llio leading issues of the day and can converse well on almost any subject. lie now has a nice farm of eighty acres as the result of his industry and good management and is accounted one of the leading and representative farmers of the community. His wife, a most estimable lady, is a member of the Episcopal Church. ELIASGROl'T, a well-to-do farmer of Mack- ford township. Green Lake County, residing I on section 19, was born in Byron, Genesee Co., N. Y., Jan. 11, 1826, and is a son of Cyrus and Dency (Nettleton) Grout, the former a native of Vermont, the latter of Connecticut. When children, they were taken by their parents to Gene- see County, where they became acquainted, were married and reared a large famil3' of children : Leo- nard P.. who married Adel.aide Cahill, located first in Watertown, Wis., and from thence came to M.ack- ford township, where he died in March, 1887; Sal- mon departed this life in New York; Elias is the third in order of birth: Cyrus died in California; Ellen became the wife of Jerome Currier and died in the Empire .State; Horace is living on the old homestead in Genesee County, N. Y. ; Lydia mar- ried Edwin Darrow, who died in Colorado. Mr. Grout, f.ather of this family, was a prominent citi- zen of Genesee County, and was highly respected by all who knew him. Both he and his wife there passed away. In early life, he was a Democrat, later l)ecame a Free-soiler, and at its organization joined the Republican party, which tc supported until his ileath. He w.as always well informed on the leading issues of the day and was a man of much ability. The early life of our subject was si)ent in much the same manner as that of many a farmer lad has been and like thousands of others all over the country, he acquired his education in a log school bouse. He entered upon his business career when fourteen years of age. at which time he began learn- ing the carpenter's and joiner's trade, which he followed for some time. The year 185.1, witnessed his arrival in Green Lake County, where for a num- ber of years he engaged in carpentering and w.as also employed in the old McCrackeu mill. With but *300 in his pocket which he had obtained b^' liaid labor in the East and a chest of tools, he started out to make his fortune in the West, with no other capital save a young man's bright hope of the future. His determined will and indefati- gable energy have crowned his etTorts with success, and his fair and honest dealings in all his business relations have won him the confidence and high re- gard of those with whom he has come in contact. He is now tiie owner of a valuable farm of 140 acres, all under a high state of cultivation and fur- nished with the necessary improvements. The res- pect which is tendered him and his family is well merited and they hold a high position in the social world. He takes a deep interest in public aflfairs and is an inflexible adherent of the Republican party, but has never aspired to political honors. The estimable wife of Mr. (J rout was Miss Emily Ilaeknc}-. daughter of Benjamin and Ann Ilacknej'. who came to Green Lake County in 18r)f), and settled in the town of Mackford. She was born in England, and in 18(i8 became the wife of our sub- ject. Their union has been blessed with three children, two sons and a daughter: Benjamin, born Nov. 1. 18(59; Densie A.. Dec. 8. 1871: Carl, Nov. 19, 1875. The children still remain under the parental roof. Tw^RED ENGELBKACHT. a leading (lerman j»s^^ citizen of Berlin, was born in the Prin- Ji, cipality of Lippe Detmold, Germany, on tiic 15th of February, 1844, and is a son of Con- rad and Caroline (Thoke) Engelbraoht. His an- cestors were residents of that country as far back as the history is known. Our subject attended school in his native land until ten years of age when he came to America with his parents, reaching the Inited States in October, 1854. On landing, the family at once re- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 673 sumed their journe}' to Wisconsin, locating on a farm near Watei-town, Jefiferson County, where the succeeding seven years were spent by our subject, assisting his father in tiie cultivation of tlie land. In the meantime the war cloud was throwing a dark gloom over the country; the South had made tlircats of secession and at length fired upon Ft. Sumter. Though but seventeen years of age, Mr. P^ngelbracht, in the fall of 1861, responded to the call of his adopted country and enlisted in the ranks of the boys in blue as a member of Com- pany F, 16th United States Infantry. lie served under Gen. Rosseau in the Army of the Cumber- land and was captured at the battle of Perryville. However, he was only held prisoner for ten days, when, lieing in poor health, he was paroled and returned North. In the winter of 1863-4 he en- listed in the navy and was assigned to the United States iron clad Monitor, Lehigh, under C'apt. Semmes and served until the close of the war in June, 1865. On his return from the South, Mr. Engelbracht resumed life on the farm and was employed in that occmpation until his marriage, which occurred Nov. 11, 1868, in Watertown. The lady of his choice was Miss Laura Bushell, a native of Milford, Jefferson Co., Wis., and one of a family of fifteen children. Iler father, Stephen Bushell, was born in Canada, of French parentage and her mother, whose maiden name was Mary Telyea, was of similar parentage. Immediately after his marriage, Mr. Engelbracht removed to Berlin and engaged in his present busi- ness which he has carried on continuously since, covering a period of twenty-one years. He has a large stock of choice liquors, wines, cigars, tobacco and smoker's articles and does more or less jobbing in small lots. Mr. and Mrs. Engelbracht have four children, two sons and two daughters; Fred Jr., the eldest, was born in 186!); Charles, in 1870 ; Laura, in 1874, and Minnie, Jan. 1, 1876. The children were all born in Berlin. The parents of our subject con- tinued to reside in Jefferson until called home, the mother's death occurring in the spring of 1872, the father dying in the spring of 1878. Mr. Engelbracht is a Democrat in politics and has served two terms as alderman in the City I Council of Berlin, also was school commissioner one term. He is a man of superior ability, was a loyal soldier during the late war, and has manj- warm friends in Berlin and (ireen Lake County. ^ AMUEL STAPLES, who resides on section ^^ 24 in the town of Green Lake, is numbered \£_M among the earliest settlers of Green Lake County. He was born in Piscataqua County, e., April 10, 1833, and is a son of David and Susan (Robbins) Staples. The father was also a n.ative of the Pine Tree State, born Oct. 14, 1796 but the mother was born in Massachusetts on the 1st of August, 1795. Soon after their marriage 1 they removed to Maine, where Mr. Staples in the I midst of the forest cleared a farm, making that his home until the spring of 1846, when with his j family he followed the course of human emigration until reaching Green Lake County. He located I in the town of Green Lake and became one of the I prominent and influential citizens of the commun- j ity. He was one of nature's noblemen, his dailj^ I endeavor being to live in harmony with the tea(;h- ; ings of the Bible. His house was always open for the reception of the pioneer ministers and any others who chose to enjoy his unstinted hospitality. He was a Whig in politics, but later became a Re- publican and both he and his wife were members j of the Free Will Baptist Church. Mr. Staples died 1 May 7, 1862, and the death of his wife occurred ' May 8, 1881, much lamented liy all. Our subject was reared to manhood upon the farm, assisting his father in the cultivation of the old homestead until attaining his majority. When he left the old home, his father gave him the sum of §300 with which he made a partial payment on a farm of 155 acres. With characteristic energy he began its development and in a short time had paid off all his indebtedness. As his financial re- sources increased he has added to his land until he is now the owner of a fine farm of 320 acres, highly cultivated and improved. In a little log G74 PORTRAIT AND BIOGUAnilCAL ALBUM. cabin, the dimensions of which were 14x18 feet, he made his first home, but that pioneer dwelling has long since been replaced by a neat and sub- stantial residence surrounded by good barns and out-buildings. Jlr. Staples has certainly been a successful farmer and the stock-raising, in which he is also engaged, has been equally profitable. The hardships and trials of pioneer life were to him but obstacles to be overcome and not insurmount- able barriers. He bore all witli patience and forti- tude and as a result his efforts have been crowned with prosperity and he is numbered among the well-to-do citizens of Green Lake Townshi|). Dur- ing his long residence of fortj'-two years in this community, business and social relations have brought him in contact with men and all with whom he lias had dealings regard him asan upright, honorable man and his friends are both many and faithful. On the 3d of October, 1857, Mr. Staples married Rebecca See, daughter of David and Catherine (Demora) See. She was born in Rensselaer County, N. Y., Oct. 3, 1837, and unto them have been born nine children as follows: Frank D., who died at the age of nineteen years; Albert, who married I^ydia Gardenier; Lillie, who died at the age of nine years; Susie, wife of Wallace Card; George H., John E., Eva M., Arthur L. and Grace L. David See, deceased, father of Mrs. Staples, is numbered among the pioneer settlers of Green Lake County, dating his residence from 1849. He was l)orn in New York, April 14, 1799. and in his youth received a liberal education when com])ared with the usual Advantages afforded the children of that day. When he had attained to man's estate, he embarked in business as proprietor of a hotel and in connection operated a farm. He w.as united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Catherine Demora, who was born in New York, Aug. 6, 1801, their wedding being celebrated on New Years Day of 1824. They continued to reside in the Empire Slate until 1819, which year witnessed their ar- rival in this county, where they pas:5ed the re- m.iiiider of their days. They were parents of four children who are yet livinjj, one son and three diuiLcliters. Another son. Abner, who is now de- ceased, served for two and a half years in the Union Army and was promoted to the rank of I Captain. Mr. See made his own way in the world, rising from a position of comparative poverty to one of wealth and affluence, owning at the time of his death 700 acres of land. He was a prominent eilizen, a le.ailing farmer and a higiily esteemed man. He held various offices of honor and trust j and was nominated to the General Assembly by the Democratic party, but owing to a trick in hav- ing the tickets printed, his name was omitted from tlie list of the candidates and as many, who would \ have otherwise have voted for him, did not notice the omission, he was defeated by a small majority. He and his wife were members of the Methodist Church. Mr. See died on tiie 17th of March. 1873, his wife passing away Oct. 16. 1871. Jn AMES E. WELCH, who resides on section 9 I in the town of Green Lake, is numbered \ among the honored pioneers of Green Lake ' County, having here made his home since 1846. He shared in the hardships and trials of frontier life and deserves no little credit for his assistance toward the upbuilding, progress and de- velopment of the community. He is widely and favorably known throughout this section and a sketch of his life will therefore be of great interest to the readers of this Album. He was born in Nash, Buckinghamshire, England. Sept. ii, 1821. .and is the son of George and Martha (Underwood ) Welch, who was also natives of the same country, there spending their entire lives. In his youth, George Welch learned the baker's trade which he followed for some years, then devoted his energies to farming. He was a zealous and faithful member of the Episcopal Church; as was also his wife, who died when James was about four years ol<1. He held several official positions, such as Constable, Super- visor and Chairman of the town, and lived to the advanced age of ninety-two years. He was the fa- ther of five children, but only three are now liv- ing — James. Henry and Maria, widow of Josiah Bright. The subject of this sketch was the only one of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 675 the family thiit ever came to this countr}-. He re- ceived no special advantages in his youth but at an early age began learning the baker's trade which he followed during the greater part of his residence in his native land. Very mnch against his father's will he married Miss Elizabeth Bazele.y, their union being celebrated March 23,1841. The lady is a native of Northamptonshire, England, where she was born Sept. 25, 1817. They had nothing with which to liegin life and Mr. Welch, Sr., would give them no assistance. However, the young couple had many warm friends v.ho gave them aid and with hopeful hearts they began traveling life's jour- ney together. Mr. Welch rented a ISacre tract of land of the Duke of Buckingham, then borrowed money with which to furnish his house and began farming. By incessant labor and energy he raised enough the first year to pay all debts and obtain provisions for the next year. At the end of four years he had saved $500 and with that sum in his pocket, accompanied by his family, he sailed for America in 1846. On reaching New York, he came direct to Green Lake Count}', where lie purchased eighty acres of land, making a partial payment. That tract constitutes a part of his present fine f;irni. By unceasing industry and good man.ige- ment lie has increased his landed pcssessions to 280 acres and in connection with that has a handsome bank stock. With great courage and fortitude he and his family bore the hardships of pioneer life and are certainly worthy of the success which has crowned their efforts. Tlieir first home was a little log cabin 14x14 feet and during the fiist winter they ground buckwheat in a coffee-mill for bread- stuff. The first wheat which they had, Mr. Welch obtained by flailing for William Bazeley, receiving eveiy tenth bushel for his labor. The young peo- ple of the present generation can hardly realize the trials undergone by the early settlers and little does the traveler of today imagine when gazing abroad over the beautiful homes and thriving cities of the country, that not half a century has passed since it was an uninhabited region. To Mr. and Mrs. Welch were born in England three children — John B., who married Harriet Bloxom and is engaged in farming in Nebraska; Martha and Alice, twins. The latter is now the wife of George Hazlewood. The death of the mother occurred Dec. 4, 1881. She was a true helpmate to her husband, a loving and tender mother and a faithful friend. All who knew her mourned her loss for she had endeared herself to every one by her gentle courtesy and many excellencies of char • acter. She was a member of the E|)iscopal Church, as is Mr. Welch. In political sentiment he is a Republican. For two years during the war he held the office of Township Collector, has been Township Asses- sor and Treasurer for two years each, .Side Super- visor for three years, and Postmaster of Green Lake since 1863. His long continued service in official positions testifies to his worth and the confi- dence and trust reposed in him. His sterling worth and upright character make him a valued citizen, one of whom any community might well be proud. (TL^ENRY HILDRETH, who is engaged in |lp)l farming on section 32. in the town of Brook- /^^ Iji'i was born on the farm where he (^ now makes his home, Jan. 15, 1852. His father was a native of Sag Harbor, N. Y., born June 25, 1816. Wl.en nineteen years of age, he went to Oswego County, in the same State, where he became acquainted with and married Sarah Per- kins, who was born in Oswego County, in 1 825. He there learned the trade of a millwright, serving an apprenticeship of tl;;-ee yeai-s. Subsequently he followed that business in Canada and the Empire State, making his home in the East until 1851, when he emigrated to Green Lake County, shortlj- after his arrival pre-empting forty acres of land, which comprises a part of the farm on which our subject now resides. By purchase, he jidded to that an 80-acre tract, but has never engaged in agri- cultural pursuits to any great extent. For about five years after his arrival he followed carpentering, and then engaged in wagon making in Berlin for about fifteen years. In 1886 he retired from active life and resided in Berlin, until his death which oc- curred from pneumonia Oct. 23, 1889. His wife, who was a devoted member uf the Methodist Church, died in 1862. In political sentiment, Mr. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Hikli-elli is .1 Republienn and like many supporters of liiat party was an advocate of Whig principles until ibe dissolution of that organization. The subject of this sketch was the only child born to Henry and Sarah Hildreth. He was educated in the schools of Berlin, and at the age of twelve began working for Thomas F. McConnell, with whom he remained for three years, receiving his board and clothing. He then engaged in the cultivation of his father's farm until 1873, when lie emigrated to Nebraska entering a claim in that State. On the ar- rival of the grasshoppers a few months later, he re- turned to his home, iiaving decided that he did not care to locate in tiiat State. In 1878, we find him in Cass County, N. D., where he secured a homestead of 160 acres of which he is still owner. It is fur- nished with good buildings, a never failing well of water and is a valuable farm. C)n his return to Green Lake County, Mr. Hil- dreth led to the marriage altar Miss Josephine Krom, the union being celebrated March 12,1879. The lady was born in Ulster County. N. Y., Aug. 4, 1850, and is a daughter of Hiram and Rebecca A. (Stringham) Krom. who were also natives of the Emi)ire State. Accompanied by iiis family, in 185G, Mr. Krom settled in Green Lake County, where he made his home until his death, which oc- curred in February, 1889, at the .age of seventy- four years. His wife h.ad died several years pre- vious, lier death liaving occurred in 1872, when fifty -three years of age. They were both members of the Methodist Church and were highlj- respected citizens. By their union five children were born: Peter S.. who served as a soldier of the 12th Wis- consin Battery during the late War; Alonzo, who defended tiie Union cause in Company I, 31st Wis- consin Regiment; Josephine. Anna M., wife of JamesCrosby and Henrietta, now Mrs. M. R. Clancy. Mr. and Mrs. Hildreth began their (kimcstic life upon their farm in Dakota, where they resided until 1883, when they returned to this county. During the three succeeding years, our subject was engaged in the hunter business in Berlin, after wiiich lie removed to the farm where he now makes his home. He is a man of enterprise and progres- sive ideas and manages his busine.ss with good abil- itJ^ He has thus been very successful io his work. [ He is widely and favorably known throughout the community and himself and family are held in high respect by all. Four interesting children, one son and three daughters, have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hil- dreth. namely : Edna A., Sarah B., Mary K. and Guy. The father is a supporter of the Republican party and in religious belief his wife is a Metho- dist, being a faithful member of that Church. OSEFH A. INGLIS. of the firm of X. I Seely ston. Wis., is a native of the Empire State, UP^ having been born in Erie County, Sept. 18, 1827. His father, Foster T. Goss, when a child, removed with his parents to Erie County, and there became acquainted with and married Su.san Marsh, who had also removed to the county with her fam- ily when a child. They became parents of four children: Frank of this sketch; Emily who died at Fox Lake while engaged in teachino' school; Charles J., a traveling salesman in the employ of Crombie, Smith ife Co., of Milwaukee, now living in Portage, Wis.; and Jane, wife of Capt. Eilwin R. Stevens, commander of a company of the 3d Wisconsin Cavalry, now living in Southern Cali- fornia. 67^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. In 184.'). Mr. Goss. accoinp.iiiied b^- Lis famil}-, started fur Wisconsin. He spent his first year in the West in Fox Lake, Dodge County, and in 1H47, came to Kingston, where lie opened tlie second blacksmith simp in :Marquette County. He first did business under an old oak tree but after a few months built a frame shop on the bank of the Grand River. As his business increased and he found his quarters too small, he erected a stone and brick building and Goss' blacksmith shop was known far .and wide. He received the greater of the p.atronage within a r.adlus of twenty miles and for eighteen years he engaged in business, his trade constantly increasing until he was numbered among the substantial citizens of the county. He also made some of the first plows used in breaking prairie by the pioneers. Mr. Goss w.is a pub- lic spirited citizen and took an active part in the upbuilding of the county. He cast a ballot for the State Constitution and supported the Whig party, including William Henry Harrison, of whom he was a great admirer. Both he and his wife were members of the Baptist Ciuirch.and at their death the county lost two of its best citizens. Mr. Goss was called home in 1859. his wife surviving him ten years. The subject uf this sketch was liberally educated, supplementing the knowledge acquired in tlie dis- trict schools by a collegiate course. Accompany- ing his parents to tlic West, he became a resident of Green Lake County in 184G, and for forty-three years has now made his home in this community. He learned the blacksmith's trade with his father and assisted him with his business until 1856. when he turned liis attention to agricultural pursuits and engaged in farming for three years. At the expiration of tliat time, he again changed his occu- pation and embarked in the mercantile business which he followed for two years. Previous to that time, in 1848, lie united his destiny with that of Miss Mary E. Beers, daughter of George W. and Maria Beers, who were natives of W.ashington County, N. Y. Tlieir family num- bered seven chihlrcii and from Washington County they removed to .Monroe County, wliere the hus- band and father died in 1840. iSeven years after ward, Mrs. Beers came to the West and locating in Wisconsin, made Green Lake County her home until her death in 1872. To Mr. and Mrs. Goss have been born five chil- dren, two of whom are now living: Eugene married Harriet Bailey and Is now living near Ft. Scott, Kan.; Grace, an artist by profession, was graduated from the Massacliusetis Art .School of Boston, from which she received a diploma and is now superin- tendent of the art depart mciil of the schools of Marshalltown, Iowa. Mr Goss is one of the prominent citizens of this comraunit}' and is held in high regard by all who know him. He did effective service for the union cause by procuring recruits, he having raised a companj- which was assigned to the .■32d Regiment and placed under the command of Capt Carleton. He also procured enlistment for a cavalry company and of the first w.as offered a commission as lieu- tenant and of the second was tendered the rank of Captain of Company C. He would not accept, however, as he believed he could do more good in enlisting others than if he should enter the ranks. He cast his first Presidential vote for Zachary T.aylor, but at the organization of the Republican part}' became one of its able advocates and has re- m.ained a faithful supporter to this day. For twenl}-- seven years he held the office of Justice of the Peace of Kingston, and would have been again elected had he not refused to accept. He also served as eon- stable of the Territory- and it is needless to say dis- charged his duties with (iilellty, as those who know him are acquainted with the prompt and faitlifiil manner in which he ever fulfills a trust. Socially, he is a Master Mason, holding membership in Kingston Lodge, No. A. F. it A. M. and in Fort Winnebago Chapter, 14, R. A. ^L He was Mas- ter of the Lodge for many years and was twice its representative in the Grand Lodge. When Mr. Goss first came to this count}', all the land west of Fox River belonged to the Indian Reservation and the red men wore still numerous in the neighbor- hood. \ery few facts of violence were committed by them, but It was unsafe to leave the provisions within their reach. The homes of the white settlers were widely scattered, much of the land was in its primitive condition and the work of imiirovement had scarcely begun. It is a marvel that the piou- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. G79 neers accomplislied so much in so short a time and we owe lliem a debt of gratitude whieli can never be repaid for their untiring labors in behalf of the county. Mr. Goss belonged to that honored band and it is with great pleasure that we record his sketch in this volume, knowing that it will be received with pleasure by his many friends. i|/_, AZEN RICHARD HILL is the popular jjj; proprietor of the -Spring Grove House, one .^jS<^' of the finest summer resorts in the north- ((^ west. Spring Grove is situated on a quarter section of land, about sixty acres being used for the resort grounds that border (ireen Lake on its southern shore for about half a mile. From the lake the grounds gradually rise, forming a natural arapitheatre. Covered with a magnificent forest, and decorated with winding walks and drives, it is one of the most delightful places in which to spend the summer months that can anywhere be found. The main building and the cottages are elegant and room}', and fitted up in the best of stj'le. A fine bowling alley and boats furnish enlertainmer t in that direction, while pianos and the latest peri- odicals help one to while away the time within doors. Spring Grove is the only resort near Green Lake that is furnished with perpetually flowing [ springs. Near by is the noted Lover's Glen, one of nature's most romantic spots. Fresh butter, eggs, vegetables and fruit are produced in abund- | ance on the adjoining farm, and the delicacies made | therefrom would tempt the most fastidious. A I more congenial host and hostess cannot be found than Mr. and Mrs. Hill, who do all in their power to minister to the comforts of their guests. As Mr. Hill is one of the old and prominent settlers of this section, we append a sketch of his life. Hnzen R. Hill was born in Huron County, Ohio. Feb. lo, IS.'IG, and is a son of Asa and Philcna (Lattin) Hill. His father was born in Quebec, Canada, in 1810, of English ancestry, his mother was born in the same country in 1812, and was also of English origin. Soon after their marriage the}' removed to the Western Reserve in Ohio, which ( was then situated on the frontier. In 1838, with his wife and two children, he started by boat for Wisconsin, but on Lake Michigan the vessel was wrecked, and all his goods were lost. Discouraged, he returned to New York, but in 1849, again started for the West, this time in wagons. He reached Ripon in safety, and built the second house in that city, in the growth and progress of which he has borne no inconsiderable part. He is a stanch Democrat in politics, and a believer in the LTniver- salisl doctrine. His wife, also a follower of that faith, died in 1861. Mr. Hill now makes his home with his children. He came to the county a poor man, but by methodical business habits, combined with industry and perseverance, has accumulated a handsome property. Of his seven children, six are yet living, are married and have families. Hazen is the eldest; Rhoda is now the widow of Owen R. Bloom; John L. and Andrew are partners in the mercantile business in Ripon ; George is a farmer of Fond du Lac County ; and Charles M. is a car- penter. Our subject is the only one of the family now residing in Green Lakf County. He passed the days of his boyhood and youth on his father's farm, and in the district schools received his primary education. He desired to continue his studies, but did not have the money necessary to pay his tuition. For two years he engaged in clerking for Capt. Mapes, and at the end of that time, having saved his earnings, entered Ripon College. He was one of the first students of that school and within its walls completed his education. He then obtained a position as salesman with David Green- way and subsequently was engaged in buying grain at Ripon on salar}- for about five years. In 1861, he became a partner of Mr. Greenway, they owning a restaurant and saloon. He had no money when the connection was formed, but such was Mr. Greenway's confidence in our subject, that he said that he would buy the business and place it in the hands of Mr. Hill, who was to attend to it. Within six months he owned a half interest, and it was not long before he became sole proprietor, continuino- alone until 1876, when he sold out to his brother. From 1866 to 1876, he served as Deputy Sheriff of Fond du Lac County, and for twpyears subsequent to that time occupied the position of Sheriflf. He PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. was nominated by the Democratic party, of whicli lie is a warm advocate, bis opponent being D. C. Lamb, one of tiie strongest men of the Rej^ublican ranks. On laying aside the duties of Sheriff, he purchased Spring Grove House and grounds, of which he is still proprietor. In his social relations, he is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Odd Fellows society, and has represented both the subordinate lodge and encampment in tiie (Irjind l>odge. On the 18th of April. I860, Mr. Hill was joined in wedlock with Caroline A. Windecker. who was liorn in Lewis County, N. Y., Sept. 29, 1841, and is a daughter of Jolm and Caroline (Ralston) Windecker, both of whom were descended from the ()1<1 Mohawk Dutch families. Having lived in New York until 18.51, they then came to Fond du Lac County, where they passed their declining years. To Mr. and Mrs. Hill have been born five children: Fr.ank A., who married Nellie Welch, now deceased; Sidney S. ; Burt A., who m.arried Cassie Bachelder; William R.; and Mary C. The children have all received good educational ad- vantages, and the family holds a high position in the social world. Tiie mother is a member of the Episcopal Church. Mr. Hill is now the owner of one of the finest summer resorts of the Northwest, having acquired all he has by his own efforts. lu-^ON. EDGAR C. SMITH, who resides on ifjl section 19, Green Lake Township, Green 's^^ Lake County, is the present Representative (|^ of liis district in the General Assembly of his Slate, and is one of its most prominent citizens. He is a son of Samuel W. and Almena (Conable) Smith, and was born on the 28th of December. 1854, in the town where he still makes his home. Having become familiar with the rudimentary branches of learning, he further pursued his studies in the .lefferson Liberal Institute, taking a course calculated to fit him for the practical and common- place duties of life. After completing his literary education, he spent some time at Bryant k Slral- ton's Commercial College of Chicagi>. where he ended his school days. All he now lacked was the experience to make him a successful business man. In 1875 he formed a partnership with .1. L. Millard, they engaging in the mercantile business in Marke- san for about four years, when the connection w.is discontinued. Mr. Smith selling his interest to his partner. He tlien returned to his farm, continuing its cultivation for several years. The people of the community, appreciating his worth and ability, in 1881 elected him to the position of Township Clerk, which office he held until 1884, when he was elected Sheriff of the county. He may a substantial log cabin. On liis removal to Dart- ford lie opened a blacksmith shop, having learned llie tr-ade in his native land. He also assisted in making and putting in the macliinei-}' of the first gristmill at that place, and was identified with much of its u[)building and progress. Aflor three years, however, he again removed to a farm, pur- chasing land near Princeton in 1851. He spent his time conjointly between farming and blacks|nith ing and acquired a considerable competency. Mr. Wilson was widely known throughout the community and was " Uncle Matthew " to almost every one. His uniform kindness and courtesy made him the friend of both young and old and iiis loss was sincerely mourned. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and a consistent Christian gentleman. He lived in harmony with his profession and was ready to respond to tlu^ summons of his M.aster. He died on the 19th of .lanuary, 1877. His wife is still living and makes her home with her daughter, tlieir only child. Elizabeth, wife of Thomas S. Roberts. She was reared in the Episcopal Church .and has since been a follower of that faith. Like her husband she is held in liigh regard and has a wide circle of friends and acquaintances in the community where she makes her home. W, ^^I'GH McCIvELLANl) is a representative of lu^W one of the pioneer families of Green Lake Ix^ County, and it is with pleasure that we pre. ((^ sent his sketch to the readers of the Por- trait and Biographical Album. His home is on section 35 in the town of Berlin, where he has re- sided for more than a quarter of a century. He was born in Knox Co., (Jhio, May 1, 1828, and is a son of James and Mary (Wilson) McClelland. On his marriage with Miss Wilson, he settled in Knox County, Ohio, where he made his home until his death, which occurred in 1830, when our subject was about two years old. The widow then became the wife of Tlioraas McClelland a I)rother of her former husband. Our subject was the second of three cliildreii: John, the ehlest, is engaged in farming in the town of Berlin, Green Lake County, and Hannah J. is deceased. He was early inured to hard labor and has been industrious man throughout his entire life. He was only twelve \ears of .age when the family- removed to Northern Lidiana and he bore no in- considerable part in the arduous task of developing the land in the midst of a deep forest. He received but little education and that little was obtained in a log school house. He remained under the paren- tal roof until twenty-one years of age. assisting in the cultivation of the home farm, but on attaining his majority started out in life for himself. He first rented land and in that way acquired a sura sufficient to purchase eight}' acres. In 18.53 he went to Minnesota, where he pre-empted a quarter section, transforming it into a good farm. On the 30th of November, 1857, Mr. McClelland wedded Margaret Cromwell, who was born in Montgomery County, N. Y., April 12. 1838. and is a daughter of Stephen A. and Sylvia A. (Worth) Cromwell. The father was of German descent, the mother of New England birth and parentage. The grandfather, Aaron S. Cromwell, was born in Ger- many and married a lad\' of the same nationalitj'. They then came to America and settled in Alont- gomery County, N. Y., where Stephen A. w.as born, reared and married, in 1843, accompanied bj' his family, he emigrated to St. Joseph's County, Mich., where he died in 1844, at the age of fifty-two years. His wife died in 1845 in the forty-third year of her age. In tlieir family were five chil- dren, three of whom are living — Mrs. C. E. Chap- man, Mrs. Lucy J. Streeter and Margaret, honored wife of our subject. At the time of his marriage, Mr. McClelland located upon his farm in ilinnesota and continued its cultivation until the breaking out of the late war, when, fearing Indian depredations, he removed his family tiiat tliey might be away from danger. Soon afterwards, he purchased a part of his present farm, which he h.as since increased until it now comiirises 355 acres, 240 of wliich is arable land. The family numbered three children, but Willie, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 683 the second eliil'L died at the age of two years ; Tru- man H., the eldest, assists in the cultivation of the home farm; and Ella is the wife of Soth A. Janes. Mr. McClelland is owner of one of the best farms in tlie township, it being furnished with a commodious residence, good barns and outbuild- ings and all necessary improvements. He also raises a line grade of sheep, hogs, cattle and horses, and has been very successful in that line of busi- ness. He is a Republican in politics and is held in high esteem by the people of the community. JijOHN H. C'A |! town of Ma I, We take pie ._J'' ^° ^^'^ reader , OHN H. CARD resides on section 2, in the Manchester, Green Lake County, leasure in presenting his sketch s of liie Album as that of one the representative and leading farmers of the of community. He is a native of the P^mpire State, having been born July 1, 1823, in Saratoga County, which was also the birth-[)lace of his parents, Henry B. and Eliz.abotii (Chapin) Card. His father was born May 29, 1797, and was educa- ted in the schools of his native county. He became one of the prominent and influential citi- zens of that district and was frequently called upon to fill public offices of trust. In business he was sagacious and shrewd, liut his transactions were marked with the utmost honesty and his word was .as good as his bond. Ho married Miss Betsy Chapin, in 1818, and they continued to reside in Saratoga County for forty years, when in 1858, they came to Wisconsin. Previous to tiiat time, during their entire married lives, they resided in one house, but in three different towns, but after settling in the Badger State were residents of one locality. They both lived to a ripe old age, but we can best mention their death by quoting from an article written at the time. Mr. Card was the first to be called and these were the words which announced the sad fact to his many friencis. "At two o'clock in the afternoon, on Snnd.ay, Sept. IG, 1883, Mr. Henry B. Card, of the town of Man- chester, breathed his last and his spirit returned to its Maker. He was a native of Saratoga County, N. Y., and was eighty-six years, three months and eighteen days of age at the time of his death. At the age of twenty-one, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Chapin, of the same county. The partner of all his trials and comforts for nearly sixty-five years still survives him and is only one year his junior. They have lived in their pleasant iiome in Manchester, two miles north west of this village, for twenty-six years, in the full enjoyment of the friendship and esteem of all and in the midst of their family of grown up sons and daugh- ters and grand-children. Mr. Card has lived long past the allotted time of man and at last has quietly passed away with no particular disease save the infirmities and ailments incident to extreme old age. The funeral was held at his late residence on Tuesday and the remains were deposited in the Markesan Cemetery." Six months more passed and it then became the sad duty to lay away the mother. The announcement was as follows: '• Died. At her late residence in the town of Manchester, at 1 :30 a. m., March 12, 1884, Betsy A. Card, wife of the late Henry B. Card. Betsy A. Chapin was born in Cheshire County, Mass., June 4, 1798, and when quite young removed with her parents to Saratoga County, N. Y., where in the year 1818, she was married to Henry B. Card, and bore him a family of ten children, five of whom are still living — three sons and two daughters. She united with the Baptist church at Greenfield Center, in 1823, and always lived in that faith until her death, a consistent Christian and a true mother. The remains were conveyed to the Mar- kesan Cemetery and laid by the side of her bus band. At peace with all the world, dear Lord, and Thee, No fears my soul's unwavering faith can shake; All's well I which ever side the grave, for me. The morning light may break. The children of the famil3' j'et living are Will- iam, of Santa Cruz, Cal.; Luci .da Elliott, who resides with our subject; Olive L. Howe; Elisha, a farmer of Marquette County ; and John H. Those who have passed away are — Hannah Mary; Sall^', wife of Enos Ambler: Amanda, wife of Ethan Bailey, who is also deceased ; Charles B. and Charles B., who died in Manchester Township. Our subject passed the days of his boyhood and 684 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. youth in his native county, receiving his educa- tion in its common schools. His earlv years were spent in tlie usual routine of farmer lads, nothing of any great importance occurring, but soon after attaining his majoritj- he performed an heroic action which^jwill never be forgotten by the friends of both parties. He saved the life of an old gentle- man, but in so doing almost lost his own. For a year and a half he was unable to perform any manual labor and for some time fears were enter- tained for his recovery. Possessing a vigorous constitution, he. however, rallied and when able to resume labor returned home and took charge of the farm. He also filled the office of Collector for fourteen years in his native county and it is need- less to say discharged his duties with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of his constituents. His next venture was in the butchering business, in which he was quite successful. He also engaged in burning charcoal, supplying all the large hotels at S.iratoga .Springs. From the two pursuits he obtained a good income and was enabled to lay by some monej- which furnished him a start in life. On the 23d of December. 1842. Mr. Card was united in marriage with Lavissa M. Mallery. who was born in Corinth. .Saratoga Co., N. Y.. and is a daughter of William and Lydia (Holden) Mallery. They are now parents of seven children : Henry W., who was born in .Saratoga County. Oct. 16, 1855. wedded Mary Remier. of Green Lake County and is now eng.iged in farming in Manchester Township; Frederick H.. born in Kane County, 111.. Aug. 13. 1858. married Miss Ida .See, a native of Green Lake County, and is also a farmer of Manchester Township; Wallace W.. born in Grten Lake County. Nov. 18. 1860. married Susan Staples of the same county, and is engaged in .Tgricultural pursuits in the town of Grean Lake; Frank, born in 1870. died March 9. 1873: John A., born March 29, 1873, is at home and two other children died in infanc}-, viz: Frankie and an in fant. After their marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Card resided upon the old homestead in Sar.itoga County. N. Y., until 1»56. when he determined to make the W. St the scene of his future operations, believing t!i il by so doing he might better his financial con- dition. Accordingly with his wife and baby he started for Illinois, making his location near Elgin, in Kane County, where he operated a rented farm until 1860. Practicing habits of industry and economy during those years he acquired some capital which he invested on thirty acres of land on section 2. Manchester Township. Green Lake County. The land was partially improved and a small house had been erected. The purchase price was ^1,000 but the farm since has greatly increased in value. As his financial resources increased he added to the original amount until he has now become one of the extensive Kind owners of the community. He lirst |)urchased 200 acres in the town of Marquette and afterward having an oppor- tunity to dispose of it at an advantage he sold 160 acres and bought an adjoining thirty. The home farm now comprises 300 acres and in addition to that he has another 160-acre tract in Manchester Township and eighty acres in the town of Mar- quette, the whole amounting to 540 acres. Mr. Card is a man of excellent business ability. His judgment of men and enterprises is generally correct and he will never let any one over-reach him. Neither will he take undue advantage in any transaction. He scorns to do a wrong to any one and has gained a reputation for honesty and fair dealing which any might envj-. His sagacity and foresight, combined with industry, persever- ance and prudence, has leil to the success which he so justly merits. He has made the best of every opportunity and has given liberally in proportion to his means for the advancement of all worthy enterprises. He appreciates the use and need of i-ducation, and does all in his power to advance the cause and provided his children with excellent opportunities, thereby fitting them for the practi- cal duties of life. The poor and needy find in him a true friend who not only expresses sympathy with them in their trials but relieves their wants by more substantial ai 1. -\s a citizen, he is public- sjiirited .and progressive and is ranked among the representative men of the community. In political sentiment he is generiilly a Republican but believes iu supporting the best men. He h.-us never sought public oflii-e but his fitness has led to his election to various public positions, the duties of which he PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. discharged with ability and fidelity. Socially, he is a member of the Masonic Lodge of Markcsan, and President of the Manchester, Princeton and Marquette Mutual Fire Insurance Company, hav- ing held the position for three years, and was Chairman of the town of JIaiichester three years. G'^EOKGE CROSS, who is engaged in general -, farming and stock-raising on section 3G, 1.1 in Manchester Township, is the owner of one of the most beautiful homes in the county. It is situated upon the southwest bank of Lake Marie. a most beautiful little body of water. The charms of art have been added to those of nature, the residence is surrounded by a well-kept lawn and shade and ornamental trees, together with every- thing which goes to make a comfortable and pleas- ant home. The scenery, ever changing, would delight the eye of the most critical. Mr. Cross may be justly proud of his pleasant abode, and truthfully declare " there is no place like home." He was born in Lincolnshire, England, on the 27th day of March, 1832, and is a son of John and Ann (Russell) Cross, who were natives of the same county. The}' passed their entire lives in Lincolnshire, were there born, reared, married, reared a family of children, and at length p.assed i away. The death of the mother occurred in 1859, and the father died in 1869. He was a farmer by occupation, and both were members of the Wes- leyan Methodist Church. Their children, nine in number, all grew to manhood and womanhood, our subject being the eldest of the family. Mary A. is now the wife of VV^illiam Snowden, a resident of Ravenna, Mich.; Maria is j"et living in Kngland; Eliza is married. any whom he lias three childrtn — Hat- tie, Nelson, and Ruth, and is now engaged in mer- chandising in Marquette; William, born in the town of Marquette, Dee. 5. 1853, married Julia Bnrk. who died leaving one child. Will, wiio re- sides with his father in Pierpont. S. I).; Charles, born April 25, 1863. is at home. Mr. and Mrs. Inglis are true Christian people, and have reared their children according to Bible precepts, instilling into their youthful minds habits of industry and sobriety. For a quarter of a cen- tury tliey have been members of the Seventh Day Baptist Church, and have given liberally for its support and the advancement of the Master's cause on earth. All enterprises which are calculated to benefit the public, are sure of their sj-mpathy, en- couragement and influence, and throughout the county this worthy couple are held in high esteem. In political sentiment, Mr. Inglis is not fettered by party, but cast his ballot for the men whom he thinks will best fill the office. He and his wife have a pleasant home where hospitality and socia- bility abound, and where all their many friends are sure of a hearty welcome. Respected by all, deserving of the highest confidence, they are surely entitled to a representation in this volume, and it is with great pleasure that we record their sketch. WfclLLIAM R. CARTKR. who resides on sec- I tion 25, Manchester Township, (Ireen Lake County, has resided in the State of Wiscon- sin during its entire existence as such and for four years under the territorial government, the date of his arrival being April 27, 1844. He is a native of the Keystone State, having been born in Erie County, Feb. 10. 1825. His father, William Carter. Sr., w!\s a native of New Hampshire, but his mother, whose maiden name was Clarissa Shad- dock. W.1S born in Pennnsylvania. In an early day. when William Carter. Sr., w.as a young man. he removed to the latter State and purchased a heavily timbered claim in Erie County, near the ! home of llorsice (ireeley. He there formed the ac- I quaintance of Miss Shaddock, whose hand he ! sought in marriage, and on the farm which he there i developed their only child, our subject, was born. ! lu 1838. accompanied by his family, Mr. Carter j left his Eastern home and emigrated to Clinton 1 Count3', Iowa, where he spent one 3ear, but as they I were all afflicted with chills and fever, which is very common in new settlements, he determined to seek elsewhere for a location and chose La Porte County, Ind., settling on what was then called La I Porte Prairie, where he remained for two ^ears. ! In the spring of 1841. we find him with his family j residing in Walworth County. Wis., and three years later he became a resident of Marquette I County, where he pre-empted 140 acres of land. In the month of February they erected a little log I cabin which w.as roofed with boards brought from '■ Winnebago and w.as entirely destitute of a floor. I In that humble home, the following spring, the I first election in the town was held, the ballot boxes I consisting of a tea pot, sugar bowl and pickle I dish. ; The history of the Carter family is inseparably connected with that of the community in which ■ they located. Mr. Carter made the first garden in that part of the county, not an acre having been placed under cultivation previous to that time. No road had yet been cut through and communication with the outside world was carried on with much difticulty. It was predi(aed that the county would not be settled u)) in half a century, but Mr. Carter, more sanguine of success, determined to make his home on the location which he had chosen and ere his death he could look with pride upon the county whose progress and advancement had been ciyried forward with such rapidity as to astonish even the most hopeful. His wife was called to her final rest in 1860. aged forty-eight years, but he survived until 1881. aged seventy-eight years. He was one of the influential and prominent citizens and none stood higher in the community than William Carter who is spoken of as one of the best repre- sentatives of that grand pioneer element which is so rapidly passing awny. He held many offices of honor and trust and the utmost confidence was re- posed ill liim by all his acquaintances. In early PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. life he was a supporter of the Wliig party and cast his ballot for William Henry Harrison, the Tippecanoe hero. When the Republican party was organizefl he joined its ranks and until his death was one of its stalwart advocates. Our subject was reared to habits of industry and morality by a worthy father and mother and like them has won the esteem and best wishes of the community. He was but thirteen years of age when he left his native State. His school life was there begun, continued in Indiana and completed in Walworth County, Wis. Since 1844 he has re- sided upon the same farm. At the time of the location of the family it was a part of Marquette County, but was comprised in the portion which was detached and called Green Lake County. Farming has been his principal occupation and he now has one of the beautiful homes of Manchester Township, where surrounded by all the coniforts of life he can enjoy the fruits of his labor. On the 24th day of September, 1850, Mr. Carter was joined in wedlock with Miss Harriet Ells, a native of Erie County, X. Y., who with her parents came to Wisconsin in 1847. Mr. and Mrs. Ells continued to make their home in the community until 1867, since which time they have been citi- zens of Minnesota. Three children have been born to our subject and his worthy wife: Lucy J., the eldest, was twice married. Her first husband was C. T. Walker, by whom she had two children — May and Delia. Mr. Walker died in Montana and his widow then married H. C. Carter, a farmer of Dodge County, Minn. Lewis J., the second child, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits in the town rjf Manchester, married Eugenie Ames, bj' whom he has three children, Maud, Eda and Edward. L. James, the youngest, is oper.ating the old homestead farm, where he resides with his wife and little son, Mrs. Carter having previously been Miss Cora Chapman. By S3'stematic and methodical habits and fair and honest dealing in all business transactions, Mr. Carter has been very successful as a farmer and, as before stated, has one of the best homes in the vicinity. Like his father, he is faithful in his allegiance to Rei)ublican principles and never fails to cast ijis ballot for the support of that grand old part3'. In the various official positions which he has held he has discharged his duties with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of not only his constituents, but of all concerned. Mr. Carter, Sr., was one of the e.arly Commis sioners, having served three years as such before the State was admitted into the Union, and before the organization of Green Lake County. After the organization of Green Lake County, he was elected a Supervisor in which capacity he served several j-ears. *ESSE THOMAS, deceased, is numbered I among the honored pioneers of Green Lake J| County, and was one of its most prominent (^l' citizens. He was born in Mt. Pleasant, Ohio, in the year 1811, and is the son of Jesse and Avis (Stanton) Thomas. His mother was an aunt of Secretary Stanton and a daughter of Abigal Stanton, who is so beautifully commemorated in '• The Nation," a poem written by Dr. Benjamin Stanton. In early life, our subject studied for the medical profession and with his brother. Dr. Nathan M. Thomas, he emigrated to Schoolcraft, Mich., in an early da3-, where they both engaged in practice. His health failing, Jesse was forced to abandon his chosen profession, and in 1845 came to Green Lake County, Wis., locating in the town of Green Lake, where he entered 800 acres of land for himself and brother, which was subsequently divided, he re- taining as his share 480 acres. With a hope that the pure air and outdoor life would be beneficial to him, he turned his attention to farming, practic- ing only as a favor or when no other physician was in reach. He was a valued and intelligent citi- zen, always well informed on the leading issues of the day and took an active part in political affairs. He was a warm supporter of the Republican party and represented the county in the General Assem- bly of the State. His official duties were always discharged with great promptness and fidelity and he won the confidence of even his political enemies. He was reared in the faith of the Society of Friends and died in 18G3. The wife of Dr. Xljomas was in her maidenhoo them: Aluvia, now the w^ife of W. A. Bangs; Cornelius, Priscilla and Rose. In 1855 Mr. Se\mour determined to cast his lot with the early settlers of Wisconsin and chose Green Lake Count}- as the scene of his future op- erations. He settled in the town of Kingston, and there the family circle was corni)!eted by llie birth of six other children : Horace, who is now engaged in farming in the lown of Kingston; Josephine H., wife of William Paine, also a resident farmer of the town of Marcellon ; Ilattie, wife of James Hamer, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits; Mary, who wedded William Dalton, a farmer near Portage, Wis.; Horatio and Francis. Throughout his entire life Mr. Seymour engaged in farming and was thus employed at the time of his dealii. His wife was called home in 1884. She was a devoted Christian woman, a tender and af- fectionate mother and a loving wife. Both she and her husband were for many years members of the Bai)tisl Church, but during his residence in Wisconsin Mr. .Seymour united with the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was conservative and a man of strong convictions, yet he .accorded to all the right of opinion, believing that each one should form their ideas according to their own judgment, not relying upon the wisdom of others. In manner he was plain and unassuming, never obtrusive and PORTRAIT AND blOGRAPHlCAL ALBUM. 691 ostentatious but winning the respect and love of all by his true wortli. To the Democratic |)artv lie gave his most earnest support and did all in tils power to advance its int,erests and insure its suc- cess. Anotlier sul)ject which he considered para- mount to almost all others was the temperance question. None were more opposed to the liquor traflic or more heartily desired to see it banished from the land. He joined the Independent Order of Good Templars, believing that in that organiza- tion he might best further the interests of the cause, but he never held membership in any other civic society. He survived his wife about four years, dying in the month of September, 1888. His loss was sincerely mourned. All who had known him felt the deepest sympathy- for the be- reaved family, knowing that his place could never be supplied. Other interests may come to take their time and attention, but he will never be for- gotten while memory lasts. ^=^EORGE SCOTT is the owner of a nice farm fif ^¥ °^ ^^^ ^'-"'"®®' sit'U'itcd on section 34, Green ^^j! Lake Township, where he has made his home since 1863, but h.as been a resident of the county since 1855. Few men can tell more of the hard- ships and trials to be endured by the earl3' settlers, for when he came to the county he was in very limited circumstances, and thus had to contend with many obstacles unknown to those who were more comfortably situated. He was of English birth, and is a son of William and Rebecca (Par- geter) Scott, both of whom were natives of Buck- inghamshire, England, where they made their home until their emigration to America. Mr. Scott was a laborer, and by hard toil reared a family of four children, all of whom came to this country-. In the fall of 1862 the parents and three of the chil- dren joined our subject in Sullivan County, N. Y., whither he had come in the spring of the same year. The children still live in that county, but the father died there in the seventy-seventh year of his age, and the wife was called home when seventy-two years of age. George is the oldest of the family. He was born in Maidsmorton, about a mile from Buck- ingham, Aug. 2, 1829, and was there reared to manhood. His educational advantages were very limited, but he has improved his opportunities, and by subsequent reading and observation has become a well-informed man and an intelligent citizen. He was early inured to hard labor, and his life has been one of unceasing toil. His first duty was to keep away the crows and other birds from the fields, and later he began working as a a farm hand. With the wages thus obtained, he paid his passage to America, where he determined to make his future home, but before embarking for the land across the water, he wedded Miss Ann Crook, the union being celebrated on the 5tli of January, 1852. Mrs. Scott was born at Leck- hampstead, England, Sept. 5, 1829, about two miles from the birthplace of her husband, and is a daughter of William and Hannah (Johnson) Crook. The young couple had saved their earnings prior to marriage, and four days after that happy event took place thej^ sailed for New York City, taking ten weeks to make the trip. On landing in the great Eastern metropolis, they at once proceeded to Sullivan Countj-, where both Mr. and Mrs. Scott worked out. In 1855 they came to Green Lake County, bringing with them their two little chil- dren, who graced their union in Sullivan County. Their money was all exhausted in paying the ex- pgnses of the trij), but they again began working to secure a home, and in 1863, bj' their united earnings, they were able to purchase forty acres of wild land. However, they only made a partial payment, giving notes for the rest. As the land was wholly unimproved, they looked forward to a scene of hard and continuous labor before it would bring much return. They, however, determined to make the best of affairs, and with characteristic energy began the cultivation of the land, but about this time, to add to their discouragements, Mr. Scott was drafted into theaimy. He felt that he was more needed at home with his family, and so he paid a bounty of §300, which he could illy spare at that time. It is said that the darkest hour is just before the dawn, so it proved with Mr. Scutt. It was not long before prosperity be- gan to smile on him, and from that time forward G02 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. lie lias been doing a good business. lie lias not only paid off all indebtedness, but b,v industry, economy and i)eiseverance has ac(iuiied a comfort- nble coin])etency and made for himself and family a good home. The little log cabin has long since been replaced by a comfortable residence, in which he and his wife expect to spend the remainder of their days. Both are members of the Methodist Church and are faithful. Christian people who are held in high regard liy all. In political sentiment he is a Republican. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Scott has been blessed with a family of nine children: William, who died in his tenth year; Mary J.; Agnes, who died at the age of two j'ears; Alice A.; Lucy A., wife of John II. Clark; Helen, Shadrack. George; and I ouisa, who died at the age of eight months. /^^ HARLES A. KIMBALL, one of the most (|(^^ extensive merchants and prominent business ^^^ men of Waushara County, was born in Tine River, May 20, 1857. His father, a man of Na- tional reputation and one who has been especially active in the interests of his adopted State, was born in Buxton, York Co., Me., in 1827, and dur- ing his younger days was a farmer and clerk in the village of Kimball's Corners. He settled in Wis- consin during the early days of its history, becoming a resident of Berlin, when that city was a small hamlet on the Fox River, known as Strong's Landing. Entering the employ of Perley Chase, who was engaged in the merchandise business, he continued to act as salesman for two years, when he removed to Centerville and established business for himself in the same line. In 1857 he removed his store to Pine River, where he has since made his home. He has not only been prominently con- nected with business circles but has been an im- portant figure in the political arena. A stam-h advocate of Republican principles, he was elected by that party in 1862 to the Slate Senate and in 1875 was a Representative from Wisconsin to the Forty-fourth Congress. In.hine, 1884, he served as a delegate to the Re|(nblican National Convcnlion in Chicago, which nominated for the Presidency James G.Blaine, of whom he is an ardent admirer. Mr. Kimball was united in marriage with Miss Frances Waterman of Maine, with whom he had attended school in early life. Their union w.is blessed with three children: Ella, became the wife of Charles Clark, junior member of the lirm of Kimball & Clark, lumber manufacturers of Kim- ball, Wis. Charles Sr., died in infancy and on the birth of our subject to him was given the same name. The early education of the subject of this sketch was obtained in the district schools of the town of Leon and supplemented by a two years' course in the Berlin High School, which he entered in 1874. In 1877 he became an equal partner with his father in the merchandise business in Pine River and has since continued operations in that line. They carry one of the largest stocks of gen- eral merchandise in Waushaia County, and have a constantly increasing trade owing to their large and well assorted lines of goods, their fair dealing and uniform politeness to all. On the 25th of January, 1886. Mr. Kimball was united in marriage with Miss Mary Monroe, daugh- ter of William W. and Nancy (Barr) Monroe. Two children have been born unto them: William D., born Nov. '.I. 1886; and Howard, born Aug. 16, 1888. Mr. Kimball is the owner of OOI) acres of land in the town of Saxeville, 30U of vvhich are suitable for farming purposes, while the remainder is adapted to grazing. He is a member of Berlin Lodge, No. 7, K. of P., and in politics is a Republican, having affiliated with that party since attaining his major- ity. He is one of the rising young men of Wau- shara County, displays excellent ability in the management of his business affairs and is held in high regard by all who know him. il^_^ ENRY G. PARRY, a prominent citizen of |f()JI Green Lake County, is the Iirst settler of 1>^ Kingston Township, where he yet resides, (^^ his home being on section 27. The date of his arrival was August, 1845, at which time he purchased the land comprising a part of his present PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 693 tine fiuin. The following are the main facts which have occurred during the life of Mr. Parry: He was horn in Wales, on tlie 24th of May, 1818, and is a son of Griffith and Margaret (Davis) Parry. The family to wliich he belonged num- bered seven children, but only two are now left to perpetuate its history — our subject and his brother Evan, a farmer of Kingston Township. The par- ents, accompanied by their children, left their native land in 1845 with the intention of making their home in America. On landing on the shores of this country they came direct to Green Lake County, although it had not then been separated from Marquette County. Wisconsin was yet a Territory, and the greater part of the State was still in its primitive condition and in possession of the Government. The father entered a large tract of land of 200 acres, all in one body, and there began life in true pioneer style without a living being, save his own family', for miles around. A shanty was erected, but it was without roof or doors. The inmates of the house were obliged in rainy weather to protect themselves by umbrellas. Many other hardships were endured by them, but time passed and the wild land was converted into a fine farm, which yielded a ready return for the care and labor bestowed u|)on it. After two years Mr. Parry passed away, but ere his death he saw his family comfortably situated, part of the land was improved, some stock had been purchased and all arrangements had been completed, so that in a short time its well-tilled fields would have doubled in value and furnish to his family all the necessa- ries and many of the comforts of life. His wife survived him until 1876, when she was called home. She was a devoted member of tiie Calvinist Church, and was beloved by all for her many excellencies of character. Our subject was roareil to nianliood under tiie wise counsel of a tender father and loving mother, who early instilled into the minds of their children lessons of industry and uprightness, which had much to do in making them what they now are, but aside from this he received no special advantages. When he arrived at years of manhood he chose for himself a helpmate in the person of Miss Margaret Jones. Their wedding took i)lace in Wales, where they resided until 1845, which year witnessed their arrival in America. The following yeiir Mr. Parry- built a good log house upon his present farm, and under its low roof many happy years were passed. It still stands as a memento of their life on the frontier, and will continue to mark the spot of their fii-st location until time shall have effaced it. Five children were there born and awakened the echoes with their laughter and fun, making light and sunshine in the parents' hearts. One child had accomi)anied Mr. and Mrs. Parry- to this country, John, who is now engaged in car- riage-making in Cambria, Wis.; Margaret, the first born in Wisconsin, became the wife of George Price, a farmer of the town of Kingston; Jane is the wife of Evan Humphrey, also of the town of Kingston; Mary died at the age of eighteen years; Griffith, who is now deceased, wedded Miss Mar- garet Williams, who now resides in Kingston Town- ship, with their daughter, Margaret E. ; and Robert is a wagon and carriage manufacturer of Kingston, Wis. The mother of these children was called to her final rest in 1869, her death occurring on the 18th of January. She was a consistent member of the Calvinistic Methodist Church, and died in that faith. Mr. Parry was again married, Oct. H), 1880, when Diadama Price became his wife. She is a native of Livingston Connty, N.Y., and the daughter of Lemuel and Elmira (Summers) Price. Her father was a native of New Jersey, but was reared in Pennsylvania, and her mother was born in Vermont. She died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Parry, in 1887, having survived her husband, who died in New York about thirty years before. ISIr. Parry has been one of the prosperous farmers of Kingston Township, and is justly deserving of the success which he has met, as he was industrious, persevering, diligent and enterprising. He re- moved from the old log cabin to his present home in 1862, it having been erected that year. It is a commodious frame dwelling, constructed upon a natural building site, and its well-kept lawn, together with the shade and ornamental trees which surround it make it, one of the most beautiful homes in the county. It is neatly and tastefully furnished, and all the comforts of life are there 694 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. provick'fl. liegiiining liis business career in limited circumstances, Mr. Parry lias since become one of the well-to-do farmers of the community, having 195 acres which pay tribute to his care and cul- tivation. He has been an active participant in the great changes and rapid transformation which has taken place in the county during his long residence of forty-five years, and deserves uo little credit for his untiring efforts in behalf of its le.ading enter- prises and in support of its best interests. He lias given to the school and to the church, and has never refused his aid if he believed the cause for which it was solicited to be a worthy one. For twenty-five years he was associated with O. W. Bow, as a member of the Town Board of .Sui)er- visors, and has also held other local offices of honor and trust. For many years he affiliated with the Democratic party, but since 1886 he has been a Prohibitionist, and strongly advocates the party principles. He and his wife are active members of the Methodist Flpiscopal Church, and are held in tlie highest esteem b}^ all wlio know theui. ~*^» m •s^ M ASA MAY, one of the pioneer settlers of ^(y(l Green Lake County, who since 184(). has /// II made his home in Berlin Township, and is (^ now located on section 22, is a native of Connecticut. He was born in Woodstock, Wind- ham County, Feb. 20, 1815, and is of English des- cent. Eliakim May, his father, was born in Wood- stock, on the 27th of September, 177(). and when a young man w.os employed in the armory at Spring- field, Mass. On his return to his native county, he married Miss Hannah Bradford, who was born in Windham County, Sept. 7, 1777. Their union took place on the 28th of April, 1801, after which they settled on the old homestead, where in the summer of 1819, when our subject was but four years old, they both died. Their family numuered six children, of whom Amasa was the youngest. He has no brotliers living and but one sister, Eliza, who is now the wife of Aaron Lyon of Heailing. Pn. On the death of his pjirents, Amasa May went to live with a man by the name of Spencer Childs, and in his home remained until fourteen years of age. During the summer time he worked ujion the farm and in the winter attended the district schools. He completed his education by one year's attend- ance at an academy and then began learning the shoemaker's trade, which he followed until his re- moval to the West. He left his native State- in 1841, and became a resident of Boone County, III., opening a shop in Belvidere. There on the 2nd of November, 1844, he united his destiny with that of Eunice E. Burwell, daughter of William and Almyra (Atkins) Burwell, born in Montgomery County, X. Y.. April 26, 1825. Two years were spent in Boone County, when, in 1846, they emi- grated to Green Lake County, Wis., and on section 22, in the town of Berlin Mr. May entered a quar- ter section of land, which constitutes a part of his present farm. He aided Elijah Janes in building the first house in the township, and in the fall o( the same year erected a log cabin upon his own claim. The traveler of to-day can scarcely realize the wild and unsettled condition of the county at the time when Mr. May landed within its borders. He endured many hardships and trials and per- formed the arduous task of developing a farm from the raw prairie. The nearest mill was at Kingston, a distance of thirty miles, and he often went to Milwaukee for provisions, but as time passed his labors began to bring their reward in bounteous harvests and prosperity crowned his ef- forts until he is now numbered among tlie substan- tial citizens of the town of Berlin. Although on his arrival he hail but mone}' enough to purchase eighty acres of land, and that he had acquired working at his trade, he is now the owner of 200 acres, highly improved and cultivated. Four children came to gladden the pioneer home of Mr. and Mrs. May by their presence. The first born, a son, Clarence B., inarried Betsy Stickles, and has two children; Marcus E., wedded Gusta Smith and has one child; Edwin E., married Edna Tustan; and William A., the youngest, died in his fifth year. Mr. M.-iy supiiorted the Democracy until the rise of the Free Soil party, with whicii he allied himself. .Vt the organization of the Republican party, how- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 695 ever, he joined i's ranks and has since been one of its supporters. I e has served his fellow-citizens as Township Treasuiar for one terra; for a number of years was Supervisor and for more than twenty years filled the office of Township Assessor. He belongs to no society except the Berlin Fire Insur- ance Company, of which he has been President since its organization. He is one of tlie oId(!st set- tlers of Berlin Township and is a highly respected citizen. '|/ EWIS C. SMITH, dealer in general hard- il (^ ware, stoves and tinware, established busi- j*^-^. ness in Berlin in 1865. He was born in Batavia, Genesee Co., N. Y., July 4, 1839, and is a son of Alexander and Permelia (Winans) Smith. He is descended from an old Massachusetts family. His forefathers, however, removed from the Baj' State to Horse Neck, Conn., in an early day. and llience to Genesee County, N. Y. On the mother's side, Mr. Smith is related to the Hon. John Winans, of Janesville, Wis., late member of Congress from the First Wisconsin Congressional District. Mr. Smith, Sr., came to Green Lake County with his family in 1865, and settled on a farm near Ber- lin. His death, however, occurred in that city, July 13, 1889, while his wife died in 1874. When eleven years of age our subject left home, and from that time made his own way in the world. He went to Snratoga and New York City as a news- bo}', and when sixteen years of age apprenticed himself to the tinsmith's trade in the cit3' of Batavia, N. Y. His term of service lasted four years, at the end of which time, in 1859, he came to Berlin, but remained only a few months, when he returned to IJtica and worked as a journeyman tinner, when he enlisted in the New York State Militia for the late war .is a private in Company E, of the 14th Regiment. Ou that day Ft. Sumter surrendered, and two weeks later his regiment w,as sworn into the United .States service for a term of three months, and without the consent of its mem- bers was transferred to the two-year term, an arrangement which included twenty-one New York Regiments, and cut them off from bounty and Government pensions, which was certainly a gross injustice. Our subject participated in twenty- three battles and engagements. He was first under fire in the battle of Bull Run, which was followed by the battles of Yorktown, Mechanicsville, Beaver Ham, Gainsville, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Charles City Cross Roads, Malvern Hill, Fredericksburg, Bristowe Station, Chancellorsville, Kelley Ford, second battle of Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, White Plains, Culpeper, and others. The regiment was marched to Washington, and on the lOtb of July, 1863, was mustered out in Utica. Mr. Smith rose to the rank of Orderly Sergeant. He was slightly wounded in the leg at Chancellorsville, a bullet struck his right ear and another was shot through his clothes, cutting off his cap box. On the 16th of December, following his return from the scene of battle, Mr. Smith and Miss Mary Lewis were united in 'marriage in Utica. The lady was a native of Wales, but was brought by her parents, William and Jane Lewis, to America when an infant. She died Dec. 18, 1865, leaving an infant daughter, who was named Mar^' Lewis, for her mother, and is now the wife of Thomas Dunn, of Utica, N. Y. Mr. Smith came to Berlin in 1865, and for three years engaged in the hardware business, but in 1868 he closed out and accepted a position as fore- man in the tin shop of Yates & Foote of Berlin, with which firm he continued for thirteen years. He then went on a surveying expedition on the Northern Pacific Railroad acrosss the Rocky Mountains, and while in Olympia, Wash., purchased the town plat of Tacoma, together with 160 acres of land adjoining the site of that city. He then shipped a quantity of lumber by boat to tliat point with the intention of establishing a town, but not liking the appearance of the place, he sold out for a nominal sum and went to Portland, Ore., where he bargained for a half interest in a hardware store. After the inventory was made it was decided that he was to pay his money and become a partner on a certain Monday, but it so happened that tlie owner of the store had a large draft to meet the week previous to the Monday mentioned, and Mr, Smith was induced to draw his money and 696 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. pay it on Tliursilay. The following Saturda}' tiie great Portlaiul (ire occurred ami swept away liis store ami capital. ILiving nothing left at Port- land, he went to San Francisco, where he had a few hundred dollars in reserve, and then storted for Wisconsin. On his return he resumed work in the old shop, which in the meantime had become the property of Yates & .Son. On tile 1st of January. 18(i(;. at Berlin. .Mr. Smith wedded Miss Esther A. Rhodes, a daughter of William R. Rhodes. Orange W. Smith, now a resident of Beloit, Wis., was the fruit of this union. The mother died in Denver. Col., in 1882. On the 24th of October, 1886. Mr. Smith was again married, the lady of his choice being Miss Sarah Frances Rhodes, who was born in I'tica. N. Y., and is a sister of his former wife. In political sentiment Mr. Smith is a Rei)ublican. and has served as Alderman of Berlin for some years, also has been Chief of the Fire Department many years. In 1881 he went on the road us traveling salesman, and the following 3-ear began his present business as dealer in general hardware, stoves, tinware, etc. He is a member of Utica Post. G. A. R., also of Berlin Lodge, No. 36, I. O. O. F., and has filled all the chairs in tl;e last named order several times. Mr. Smith is a man of strictly temperate habits, a valued member of business circles, and has won many warm friends during his residence in Berlin. -I**-!^ K\'. WAKRKN 1). CORNELL, pastor of the Mi-liiodist Kpiscopal Cliurch of Ber- in, and Secretary of the Union Council of the Paving Cutters' Union, is a native of Michigan, having been born in tbe town of White- ford, Monroe County, April 25, 18.08. His par- ents were .loehida and Olive (Slusser) Cornell. His f.ather was born near White Lake, Vt.. of Kiig- lish parentage, and removed to Monroe County, Mich., iu an early day, where he became acquainted with and married Miss Slusser, a native of White- ford. Our subject was reared in his native State and iu his youth attended the common schools, that course being supplemented by a partial course in Raisen Valley Seminary. When nineteen years of age, in 1877, he went to Dallas, Tex., where he had charge of the colored schools of the First and Fourth wards of that city. Beginning in the fall of 1878 he taught until early spring of the follow- ing year, when he went to Fort Worth, of the same State, and was licensed by the Methcdist Episco- pal Church as a minister of that denomination, and assigned to Denton as his first charge. He there remained until the fall of 1880, when he was was transferred to Gainsville in the same State, where he discharged the duties of pastor until the autumn of 1881, when he came North and joined the Wisconsin Cot.ference at Berlin. He was first sent Lo lola and Ogdensburg, AVaupaca County, and in addition to his dut\- as pastor of those churches, he conducted a revival in Union, of the same county, wit'i great success. His labors in that community were productive of much good, and he continued until 1882, when he took charge of the church iu Parfreyville, Waupaca County, where he labored two years at a salary of SioO a year. In the fall of 1884 he was assigned to Ilortonville and Medina, in Outagamie County, Wis., where he spent the two succeeding years, when in the fall of 1886 he went to Rosendale, and was pastor of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church in that village until the fall of 1888, when he came to Berlin, and has since served as pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church of that city. In November, 1889, he took charge of the Methodist Home Journal, as publisher and editor, a .State illustrated religious monthly newspaper. Twenty-five hundred copies of this paper have been issued ever since November, and the list of subscribers has constantly increased, and the paper promises lo be of great service to Wis- consin Methodism, and the charges in general. Mr. Cornell was united in the holy bonds of matrimony in Clainsville, Tex., July 31, 1880, with Miss Jennie E. Roberts, daughter of Henrj' and Maiy Roberts. She was born in Seneca Falls. N. v., and in childhood removed to Lenawee County, Mich., with her iiarenls. She is an ac- complished lady, having graduated from the High School of .Sylvania. Ohio, in the class of 1871. To Mr. and Mrs. Cornell there have been born a PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 697 family of five children, four sons and a daughter — Gerald Arthur, Lona Gladys, Louis Jacquot, War- ren D. and William Collins. IMr. Cornell is Secretary of the Paving Cutters' Union, and since .Jan. 1, 1888, lias edited a monthly journal in the interest of that organization at Ber- lin. The paper has a circulation of 2,000 copies, and is rapidly growing in popularity and circula- tion. The Paving Cutters' Union of America has sixty different branches, representing nearly e\ery State in the Union, and a total membership of more than 2,000. Mr. Cornell possesses vigor and well- trained intellectual powers, is eminently practical in his views, and earnest and dramatic in delivery. His hearers are always entertained and instructed and all speak in high terms of his ability and earnestness in his work. y^.ILL MM furnitur :LLIGAN, who is engaged in the and undertaking business in Kingston, is one of the leading citizens of the village. He was born in the town of Man- chester. Green Lake County, March 21, 1859, and is the second in order of birth in a family of seven children, whose parents are John and Catherine (Green) MiUigan, both of whom were natives of the Empire State. Ella, the eldest child of the family, is the wife of George Greenleaf, a mer- chant of Kingston, Wis.; the third child is now deceased; Amelia is the wife of Henry Pickett, of Kingston; Henry is engaged in clerking at Bir- namwood. Wis.; Frank follows the profession of leaching; and Walter is with his parents. Our subject received liberal educational ad- vantages, having supplemented his primary studies which he pui-sued in the common schools by a course in the Normal at Oshkosh. His younger days were passed upon his father's farm, when, at the age of lifleen years, he began life for himself by teaching school. That pursuit he followed during the winter season, while in the summer months he assisted his father. He may truly be called a self-made man, and for one who is so young comparatively he deserves no little credit for the success to which he has attained. On the 2Gth day I of March, 1884, he led to the marriage altar Miss j Lydia Bow. whose family is mentioned elsewhere in this work. She is a native of the town of Kings- i ton and by their marriage one child has been born. Mr. Milligan continued to engage in teaching, and in the winter of 1882-3 held the position of Principal of the Markesan Schools, where he gave the best satisfaction. In fact, wherever employed as an instructor, he has discharged his duties in so able a manner that he has won the confidence and well wishes of all concerned. In the autumn of 1882, however, he turned his attention to other business interests, purchasing a half interest in a general mercantile store at Kingston, becoming a member of the firm of Greenleaf & Milligan. They established a good business, their trade constantly increasing from the first. By the courteous man- ner of the partners and their efforts and desires to please their customers, they secured a liberal patron- age, continuing in business until 1886, when Mr. Milligan sold his interest. During all the time he was thus engaged he had also held the principal- ship of the Kingston schools. When he disposed of his interest in the store he then started on a Western trip, traveling through the Dakotas and Iowa. On his return he acted as collector during the remainder of the year, and in 1888 went to Aurora County, Dak., where he purchased IGO acres of land and planted a crop, which he har- vested the following fall. He then returned to Kingston and accepted the position of principal of its schools, of which he remained in cliarge until the spring of 188!>, when he purchased a farm on section 2o, and in tlie fall of the same year ex- changed his farm for property and his present business in the village of Kingston. It comprises 160 acres of land and is under a high state of cul- tivation. Mr. Milligan is a worthy representative of the 1 younger element which lias done so much toward I promoting the interests of the county and is re- garded b3- all as a worthy citizen. He has fre- quently been called to positions of honor and trust and for three terms, in 1881, 1882, and 1883. was Township Clerk. He .also held the office of Assessor I for two years and in 1882 was nominated by the 1 Democratic party, of which he is a strong advo- 698 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. cate, for the office of Register of Deeds. Altliougli the county is strongly Republican, he reduced tlie majority so greatly that he is now holding the position of Nota'-y Public. He iisis ever disciiargcd his official duties in a |)rompt and able manner and to tiie satisfaction of all concerned. His life has been such as to commend him to the respect and confidence of all with whom business or pleasure may bring him in contact, and no young citizen of Kingston Township is held in higlier regard. .♦c-^^A^A^. ^ABEZ NELSON 1U)GEHS. an honoiod pio- I neer of Berlin, was born in Middlebury, l| Addison Co., Vt., on the 19lh of February, (^^ 1807, and is a son of Jabez and Sarah Rogers. His father, .Tabez Rogers, was born in Connecticut in 1764, and w.is a son of .Tabez Rogers, who was descended from .an old New England family of English origin. .Tabez Rogers .Jr. moved from Connecticut to Middlebury, Vt., in 179:3. when that pl.ace was but a hamlet of a few dozen houses which were mostly built of logs. He brought with liim a stock of goods and opened the first store in that place, which was the first in Addison County. He wi\s married in Middlebury about the close of the eighteenth century to Miss Sarah Chipman. da'.yghter of Col. .Tohn and Sarah (Washburn) Chip- man. Mrs. Rogers was born in .Salisbury, Conn., on the -iOth of July. 1774, and her father was also a native of that state. He removed to Middle- bury, Vt.. in 1766, but was married in Salisbury Conn., in November. 1771, to Miss Sarah Wash- burn of that i)lace, a daughter of Abisha W.ashburn. The Chipman and Washburn families were among the most distinguished of the early New England people. Col John Chipman served as a volunteer under Col. Ethan Allen in the s|)ring of 1775, and with him participated in the capture of Ft. Ticon- deroga and Crown Point. He also aided in the capture of St. Johns and Montreal and participated in the battles of Bennington and Hubbardton. He was at Saratoga at the time of the surrender of Gen. Burgoyne in Octol)er, 1777, and afterwards had comm.ind of Ft. Edward and Ft. George successively. He was taken prisoner at the latter [joint in October, 1730, and held captive until the summer of 1 781 . when he was exchanged and served as supernumerary until the close of the war. In 1784, Col. Chi()man returned to Middlebury with his family and took possession of the land from which they had been driven by the Indians during the war. He was a man of commanding presence anil superior ability, and served as Sheriflf of Addi- son Count}' for twelve years subsequent to his re- turn from the field of battle. His father, John Chipman, is certainly known to have been the first settler in Middlebury, and made the first clearing at that place in 1766. His cousin, Daniel Chip- man L. L. D.,was an eminent jurist and member of Congress, and was speaker of the General Assembly of Vermont. Another cousin, Nathaniel Chipman L. L. D., was United States Senator and Chief Justice of Vermont. Jabez Rogers, the paternal grandfather of our subject, participated in the War of the IJevolution and was an officer in the commissary department. His death occurred in Middlebury at a ripe old .age. ; The father of our subject engaged in merchandising J during the greater part of his life and died in Mid- j dlebury. in 18.59. at the age of seventy-five years, i He survived his wife but two years, her death hav- ing occurred in 1837. at the age of sixty-three years. Jabez Nelson Rogers, whose name heads this notice, was educated in the common schools aners of different po- litical belief found places in their columns for "the views of Dr. Pease, of the Montello Express." Dr. Pease was a man of exceptional power and ability. As physician, editor and law^-cr, he won an enviable reputation, and at the same time devoted consid- erable attention to public business, but neglected no department. No other man was so prominently identified with the development of the State as he. In manner he was genial and pleasant, possessing rare conversational powers, which drew around him many friends. ^.^F MASA MANLEY, a well-to-do farmer re- WfM siding on section 27. in the town of Mack- /// ifi ford. Green Lake County, has been a resi- le dentof this community since 1854, a period of thirty-five years. He is a native of the Empire Slate, having been born in Greene, Chenango County, Sept. 10, 1825. He was the ninth child born to Cephas and Phcebe (Millard) Manley, both of whom were descended from New England an- cestry. The father was born in Massachusetts and serv^Kl his coipitry jn the War of 181g, Of their PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ten children, nine lived to adult age — .losbph the eldest, married Miss Ksther Gihbs. and settled in Steuben County. N. Y.. where his death occurred : Lester wedn County, with Miss Abnie Gibbs, after which they removed to Potter County, Pa., where he passed away; Louisa was married in Che- nango County, to .lames Hutchins. who died in Steuben Count}-. N. Y., where she still makes her home; Lucy D., widow of Ottis Abby. is living in Sleiiben County, where her husband died; Esther, is the wife of Harlow S. Colgrove of Potter Count}-, Pa. In early life. Mr. Manley cast his ballot with the Whig party. He was a strong advocate of its principles and was a great admirer of William Henry Harrison. He afterward supported the Republican party until his death. He was a great reader and was well versed on the leading issues of the day. both political and otherwise. He was a man of upright character, strictly honorable in all bis dealings and made many friends. He came to the West in 1854. and made his home with our subject until called to his final rest. Our subject was reared upon his father's farm and received such educational advantages as the common schools of the neighborhood afforded. He began life for himself on attaining his major- ity and first engaged in mnking shingles. He had previously learned the mason's trade and also fol- lowed that occupation for a few years. Subsc- (juently, in company with his brotlier. he built a sawmill, shipping the lumber to Pittsburg and con- tinued in its operation until 1854, when he resolved to try his fortune in the West. Previous to that time, in 1850. Mr. Manley w:is united in marriage with Miss Celia, daughter of Paul \an Brunt. Two children were born to them in the Kast and accompanied by his family and also his parents, our subject started for Wisconsin, takin- with him onlv a few househould effects and ;i small sum of money. After paying the ex|)enses of the trip -and purchasing a cook stove, he found that he had but *1 remaining. He at once looked about him to find some means to support the little band depending upon him and as he had no capital with which to jjurchase a farm he concluded to operate land on shares. On the expiration of seven years, duriug which he was thus employed, he found himself the happy possessor of a team and wagon and *500. in cash. He determined with that sum to secure a home and purchased his pre- sent farm of eighty acres on section 27. in the town of Mackford. By judicious management, untiring labor and the assistance of his estimable wife, he has accumulated a comfortable property and is accounted (uie of the prosperous farmers of the town. He tenderly caied for his parents in their old age. surrounding them with all the com- forts which be could provide. Three children graced the union oi Mr. and Mrs. Manly, but one is now dcce.isefl — Sarah, who died at the age of thirteen years. Those living are Vi- ola, now the wife of Merritt Vader, and Cora, wife of Edgar Bassett. both of Green Lake County. The parents are both members of the Free Will Baptist Church of Union, also the daughters and their husbands. Politically. Mr. Mauley is a Re- publican and does all in his power to promote the interests and insure the success of that parjy. /^i,> LARK S. WALKER, who resides on sec- 'W' ^ tion -23. Manchester Township, is one of the '^^l' prominent citizens of Green Lake County. He has been identified with the growth and pro- gress of the community, has aided in the advance- ment and has ever borne his part in its upbuilding. Few men have taken a deeper or more active in- terest in its welfare, which fact justly entitles him to an honored place in this volume. He is not only well-known throughout this county but his acquain- tance extends through surrounding counties, and by all he is he'd in thd highest regard. His birth occurred in Charlestown. N. H., on the iid of Nov. 1X28. He was the only son of Stephen and Keziah (Converse) Walker, but three PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 705 daughters were born unto them. Only two of the family, however, are now living — Annette K., the sister, being now a resident of Ues Moines, Iowa. She is the wife of J. G. Haskin, a prominent banker of that city and they are ranked among its leading citizens; Mary became the wife of George Blaisdell, and died at her home in Manchester Township, this county; while Alice F., the remain- ing daughter, died at the home of her parents when eighteen years of age. No event of any very great importance marked the earl V life of our subject. His boyhood da3's were passed mid play and work and his education was acquired in the district schools. In the spring of 1B51 we find the Walker family en route for the West, and accompanying his [lareuts was (Hark S. The party embarked at Buffalo for Milwau- kee and while on the water one of the most fearful storms which ever swept over the face of the lake occuri'ed. The vessel withstood the strain how- ever, and on the 2d of May, reached its destina- tion. Wiien Milwaukee was reached Mr. Walker hired teams to convey his family to Green Lake County, where a home had been provided for them. He had previoush' purchased 125 acres of land on section 23, IManchester Township, upon which the previous year a house had been erected by his brother so that all would be comfortable and in readiness for the emigrants. That house is still the home of our subject and little alteration has been made. On the 4th of Maj', our subject reached the claim. The rest of the family had halted about ten miles from the farm, where they rested through the night, coming on to their new home on the ."ith. The change indeed was ver}- great and the wild and uncultivated claim bore little resemblance to the finely developed farm in New Hampshire. Not a fence had been built and with the exception of the house, no improvements had been made and the virgin soil was yet unturned by the plow. Not many days passed however, ere oar subject could have been seen in work-day attire driving foui yoke of oxen to a plow used in breaking prairie. Little by little the land was cultivated until at length every acre of the farm yielded tribute to the care and labor bestowed upon it. About this time, a very important event in the life of Mr. Walker occurred. He had formed a strong attachment for Miss Susan A. Hoit, and on the 27th of October, 185.3, he led her to the marriage altar, where the union of hearts was consummated by the union of hands. The lady is also a native of New Hampshire and on the same day on which her husband was born, she opened her ej^es to the light of the world in Southampton. Her parents were Joseph and Charlotte (Cate) Hoit, both of whom were descendants of old Puritan ancestry. The mother was born in Stratham, N. H. and died in Southampton, being interred in the burying ground on the old homestead in Stratham. Afterward, Mr. Hoit, in 1846, came to Green Lake Count}', enteiing a claim on which he made his home for many years. He died at the residence of his son in Ripon, at the advanced age of ninety years and six months. Plain and unas- suming in manner, his life was one of the greatest uprightness and commanded the respect and confi- dence of all. He served his country in the War of 1812 and was a citizen which any community could ill afford to lose. Like him, his wife, who was a faithful member of the Christian Church, was greatly beloved by those who knew her. They were parents of ten children, all of whom grew to manhood and womanhood, while six are yet living, namely: Louisa A., wife of B. M. Currier, of Green Lake; Charles W., of Sacramento, Cal.; Mary, wife of John Simmons, a fruit-grower of Sacra- mento; Charlotte, widow of William Lincoln of Racine County, Wis. ; Nathan, who was for many years County Superintendent of the schools of Green Lake County and is now residing in Ripon; and the honored wife of our subject. Mr. and Mrs. Walker began their domestic life upon the farm which has now for thirty-six years been their home. He at once took charge of the farm, thus relieving his father from all care and now his land is one of the best cultivated tracts in the county. His parents made their home with the young couple until their death, but the mother did not long remain. She died in 1853, and was sur- vived by her husband twelve years, his death occurring in 1865. They were buried in the ceme- tery on the farm, which is one of the neatest and prettiest cemeteries in the State. The care and 706 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. attention which has been bestowed upon it shows that the loved ones who have passed away arc not forj^otten, but still lin.ijcr in the memory of tlicir children. Mr. Walker is one of the most successful farm- ers in Green Lake County. His success is not alone due to his business ability but his possessions have been acquired by toil, perseverance and energy. He extended the boundaries of his farm until at one time his landed possessions aggregated 830 acres, but that amount has been reduced as he gave to his children when they left the parental roof for homes of their own. Five sons completed the family circle, as follows: Milan E., wlio was born April 8. 1855: Charles II., Dec. 27, 1856; John A., Aprils, 1859; Elwin C, Jan. 11, 1864; antl Frank C, Sept 1, 1865. The eldest, who is now engaged in farming in Manchester Township, wedded Jennie Kemjiton. by whom he had three children, Guy and Alice are yet living, Roy died at the age of three years. Charles II. and John A. are now operating 245 acres of land in Manchester Township, constituting one of the most beautiful farms in the county. The latter is married, having wedded Julia W. Walker, of Springfield. Vt. The two 3-outigest sons are still at home. All have re- ceived good educational advantages. liaving thereby- i)een fitted for the practical duties of life and :ne useful members of society. Mr. Walker is not only numbered among the early settlers of the county, but has experienced the hardships and trials of frontier life, the first few years of his residence in the community hav- ing been passed in true pioneer stj-le. Roads were in |)oor condition and they had to drive long dis- tances to mill and market. Oxen were used for farm labor and the harvesting was done with a sickle and cradle. Now the most improved ma- chinery is found upon his farm and there can also be seen the best grades of stock, including forty head of Hambletonian horses. Growth and progress have been steadily carried forward all over the county, and the work of public improvement has been pushed forward so rapidly that it seems almost incredible to the visitor of to-day that only fifty years ago the county was wholly un- setlled. Mr, Walker has ever borne his part in the work of advancing the interests of the commu- nity and he has also aided liberally in the promo- tion of educational, social and moral interests. He is charitable and lienevolent and contributes freely to the support of churches. He attends the Ini- versalist Church, but has assisted all other denomi- nations and gave to the Methodist Episcopal Church three acres of land for a cemetery. The home of Mr. and Jlrs. Walker is noted for its hos- pitality and sociabilitj'. The man}- friends of the worthy couple delight in visiting them and are sure of a hearty greeting and warm reception. The mistress, who is a most estimable lady presides j with much grace and has the tact of making each guest feel at ease. jl^ YRON GAGE is one of the well-known I \\\ citizens of Manjuette County, and owns IJ ifi and conducts the livery stable of Montello. * He is also mail contractor, a business in which he has had extensive expericince. His first mail route was between Montello and Portage, and in connection with that line of business he owns the steamer "Hunter." which transports passengers and mail between Montello and P.ackwaukee. Mr. Gage is a native of Crawford County, Pa., having been born in tlie town of Harrisburg, Aug. 7, 1838. His father. Stephen P. Gage, .accompan- ied by his family, emigrated from the Keystone State to Wisconsin in November, 1844, settling in what was then Hanchettville (now Alarshall), Dane Counlj'. Four years were there spent, and he then removed to Beaver Dam, Dodge County, where he engaged in keeping hotel for about two years. His next place of residence was in the town of Scott, Columbia County, where for a number of years he again operated a hotel, which w.as f.amiliarly known as the old Blue Tavern. At length the La Crosse line of railroad was constructed, and in consequence Mr. Gage's business declined as the travel was taken from that road, so he returned to his farm in Dane County and devoted his time and attention to its cultivation for several years, when he sold out. He had owned an interest in the city hotel at Fortage for soirse time, and becoming sole prO' PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ?07 prietor lie rotunied to the hotel business, which he carried on until his death in August, 1876. His wife still survives him and is living in Portage at tl;e ripe old age of seventy-eight years. Stephen Gage was an enterprising and respected citizen, and made friends wherever he went. He was sixty- six years of age at the time of his decease. The children of the family are Wheeler, Myron, Rich- ard. William, Julia, Peter, Oliver, Lavina and Stephen, and with the exception of Julia all are yet living. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood upon his father'.s farm, remaining under the pa- rental roof until twent3'-three years of age. He was but six years old at the time of the emigration of the family to Wisconsin, and has witnessed much of the growth and progress of the State. The work of development had been carried forward to such a limited degree that it was hardly transformed from its primitive condition. The journey from Pennsylvania was made in wagons and consumed about three weeks. The part3' passed through Chicago, then but a town of about 4.000 inhabi- tants, giving little or no promise of its present greatness. Mr. Gage remained at home assisting in the arduous task of developing the wild lands un- til after attaining his majority, when he engaged in farming for himself in the town of Leeds for a number of years. When his father became owner of a hotel in Portage he became associated with him, but in connection with that liusiness engaged in staging and mail contracting for many years. His first contract of that character was to deliver mail between Portage, and Lodi, in the year 1864, but after operating that route for three years he sold out to his brother William and engaged with John Gates, a liverj'man of Portage, with whom he remained for about three years, when he took the con- tract of the mail route between Montelloand Port- age. He made the round trip between those two places daily, Sunday excepted, for three years or until the extension of the railroad to Packwaukee, since which time the route extends only from that place to Montello. He has also had charge of the mail between Montello and Preston and Pardee- ville for a number of years. Mr. Gage was twice married, his first union l)eing with Miss Sarah Ann Lang, a native of Canada, who removed to Columbia County, Wis., with her parents when a child. Unto them was born one child, a son, Frank, born in the town of Scott, Co- lumbia County, in April, 1863. His present wife was formerly Miss Ellen Powderly, and a daughter graces their union, Mary, who was born in Mon- tello. Mr. Gage is the owner of the onl\' livery stable in Montello. He is fair an(] honorable in all his business dealings and has made many warm friends in the county, by all of whom he is held in high regard. jf? YaiAN D. HART, an early settler of Mar- 11 ^ quette County, of 1852, is engaged in 11^; farming on section 2 in the town of Pack- wauke where he has made his home almost a quar- ter of a century. He w.as born in Chittenden County, Vt., .Fune 3, 1861, and is a son of Orange and Cynthia (Drake) Hart. When Lyman was a lad his parents removed to Leroy, Genesee Co., N. Y., where the death of the mother occurred. Mr. Hart was then again married, but did not long survive, and at the age of five years our subject was left an orphan. There were four children of the family, but he has only one brother now living, Benjamin F., who resides in Jefferson County, Neb. Mr. Hart, whose name heads this sketch, has made his own way in the world since the tender age of twelve years. He was but three years of age when his mother died, but he remained at home until the death of his father, when he was taken back to Vermont by a maternal uncle, with whom he lived until he began earning his own livelihood. He began working upon a farm, and in consequence received but limited educational advantages, being permitted only to attend school during the winter months. Afterward he went to live with his maternal grandmother in Genesee County, N. Y., and with that worthy lady came to Wisconsin in May, 1842. The family went direct to Janesville, settling in that city when it was about the size of Packwaukee. There the grand- parents settled on a farm, continuing the cultiva- 708 PORTRAIT AN 13 BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. tion of tlieir land uulil tbc deatl) of tlie husband, after which the wife removed to Columbia County, Wis., where she remained until called home. Mr. Hart did not accompany his grandmother to Columbia County, but remained in Rock County and for some time worked upon the farm. After- ward he worked one season with his brother at the wagon-maker's trade, in Janesville, but his brother sickened and died and he returned to his former occupation. Subsequently he moved toStoughton, Wis., where he made his home about two years, during which time he worked at the carpenter's trade with his brother-in-law, Samuel R. Rooil, afterward Judge Rood, one of the prominent citi- zens of Marquette Count}-. He came with that gentleman to the village of Packwaukee in 1852, and has resided there coniinuously since, covering a period of thirty-eight years. After one season spent with the Judge he worked at carpentering with a brother of that gentleman, and then engaged as a farm hand with William Axford, a resident of the town of Oxford, Marquette County, with whom he remained a year and a half. His next venture was as a salesman in the grocery store of his brother, B. F. Hart. On the 13tL of April, 1856, in the town of Pack- waukee, L3-man Hart w.as united in marriage with Miss Sally Sheldcn, daughter of Simon S. and Nancy (Hutchins) Shelden, who settled in the town of J'ackwaukee about 1848. Her father w.as a native of Vermont, her mother of New York, and from the latter State they removed to Michi- gan, loming thence to Wisconsin. Settling in Racine County, after a year thej' removed to Horicon, Dodge County, and as before stated came to Packwaukee in 1848. Mr. Shelden was a shoe- m.aker by tr.ade, but after coming to Marquette Counti' followed farming. He died in April, I860, but his wife survived him a number of years, dying at the home of her daughter in Nebraska. That worthy couple were the parents of seven children, four sons and three daughters, but all have now passed away with the exception of Mrs. Hart. Three of the sons scived in the I'nion armj- during the late War. .Simon lived to reach home, but died an hour aflerwurd; George was killed in the battle of Corinth; Shepherd served through the war, and participated in the celebrated March to the Sea under Sherman, but died a num- ber of years ago of yellow fever in Galipolis, Ohio. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Hart has been blessed with a family of six chfldren. two sons and four daughters, and the family circle yet remains un- broken : Lizzie is the wife of A. J. Harring. The other children, Frank A., Fred C, Lottie S., Mary K. and Lula E. are all at home. The family have a ple.isant home situated on section 2 in the town of Packwaukee, where sociability abounds and the hospitable door stands open for their many friends. The farm comprises 160 acres, and Frank and Fred together own 150 acres of land. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hart have witnessed almost the entire growth of Marquette County, and are numbered among the earliest settlers of the town of Packwaukee. Mrs. Hart was the second white woman of the village of that name. In the great changes that have taken place since their arrival they have nolily borne their part, aiding in the up- building of the conimunity, and in the advance- ment of its many enterprises have been found in the front rank. They are numbered among the highly respected and esteemed citizens of the county, and are well worthy a place in this volume, where are represented the noble |)ioneers and the prominent men and women. Mr. Hart served his town as Treasurer for three years, and for twelve years was a member of the School Board, during which time he did all in his power to advance the cause of education, of which he has ever been a warm friend. - — i^mi- — ■ XI ^ ENRY THOMAS, who is numbered among ifjV the |)ion('er settlers of Green Lake County, 1^^ of May, 1847, and is now living in Berlin, ^p was born in Randolph County, Ind., June 9, 1819, and is a son of John W. and Aclia Thomas. His father was born in North Carolina, July 1. 1784, and on the 1st of May, 1808, married Acha Pecle, who was born in the same State, June 12, 178;3. In 1814. John Thomas placed his wife and two children In a one-horse cart, together with such household effects as the^' could carry, and set out PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBLM. across the mountains for the Northwestern wilds of Indiana. He located in Randolph County of that State, where lie cleared a farm and made his home. He was of Welsh descent, his grandfather having emigrated from AVales to North Carolina during the early settlement of that colony. His wife was of English origin and belonged to one of the old families of North Carolina. She was an cousin of Sir Robert Peele, tlie English Premier. Our subject was reared to manhood under the parental roof and at the age of twenty years went to La Porte County, Ind., where he began life for himself as a farmer. He there became acquainted with Miss Harriet Sliarp and on the 1st of Eebruarv, 1847, they were married. Slie was born March 1, 1829, in Wayne County, Ind., and was a daughter of Finley and Elizabeth Sharp, who were natives of Virginia, of English origin. Iler father was born March 5. 1803, and died Jan. 1.5, 1857. His wife was born July 2, 1808, and died Oct. 2, 1866. They were members of the Society of Friends and Mrs. Thomas was reared in that faith. In the month of April, follow ng his marriage. Henry Thomas started witli his bride, in a lumber wagon drawn by an ox team, from La Porte County, Ind., for the Territory of Wisconsin. They en- dured the usual vicissitudes of spring travel through a country poorly supplied with improved highways, and after a tedious ride of 300 miles, reached what is now the town of Berlin, Green Lake County, then a part of Marquette County, on the 15th of May. Mr. Thomas settled on Government land, two miles south of Strong's Landing, now the city of Berlin, where he made a farm which continued to te his home until 18G8. He then purchased another farm, situated in the southeastern part of the town of Berlin, sis and a half miles from Ripon and four miles from Berlin, which is now one of the most highly improved tracts of land in the county. It comprises 337 acres, and by the industry and perseverance of our subject is placed under the highest state of 'cul- tivation. To Mr. and Mrs. Thom.as were born four chil- dren, three sons and a daughter: Mary Ann, born Dec. 21, 1847, is the wife of Lessel Long and has three children, two sons and a daughter ; John Finley, born Aug. 8, 1841), wedded Mary Smith, a native of England; Calvin Sidney, born Jan, 1, 1851, married Kittie Fuller, and has one child, a daughter; George Mahlon, born July 20, 1851. died on the 24th of March, 1855. In the month of March, 1877, Mr. Thomas left his farm to the care of his sons and removed to Berlin to spend his declining years in retirement. Seven jears l.nler his estimable wife passed awaj' at their home in that cit^-, on the 24th of .September, 1884. He is a Universalist in religious faith and a Republican in politics, and by his fellow citizens has been elected to various public offices, both in town and county. For many years he was Chair- man of the town of Berlin and held that position all through the late war. He also served as Town Treasurer and in 1862 was elected Treasurer of Green Lake County, in which capacity he served during 1863-4 and was again elected for the term of 1866-7. He took part in the meeting called to organize the town of Berlin and has since never failed to attend a meeting of that town. Mr. Thomas is widely and favorably known as a just and upright citizen and is one of the few left of the original pioneers of Green Lake County. SAAC CLARK GRAY, who is engaged in farming and general stock-raising on section 'ii 36, Princeton Township, is one of the most popular men in the community. He was born Jan. 21, 1813, in the town of Brunswick, Rensselaer Co., N. Y., and is a son of Isaac and Peninab (Hurd) Gray. The family is of English origin, and was founded in America by two brothers, Henry and John Gray, who came to this country in 1643. They had formerly been residents of Nottingham, England, and had there married sis- ters, daughters of William Frost, who with his family accompanied them to Connecticut. They located in Fairfleld and were among its earliest settlers. There is still in existence an old memo- rial stone at Campo, near the shore of Long Island Sound, which bears the inscription of Henry Gray Unquestionably it marks the burial place of the 710 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ancestor of this line. His descendants are scattered all over tlie Inited States. Man\- were soldiers in the Revolutionary War. others served in the War of 1812, and again in the late Rebellion the familj* was well represented. The grandfather of our subject is duly raen- tioned in the Records of Dan bury and Brook- field, Conn., as having bought and sold real estate in 1808. Ilis son, father of our subject, married Peninah Ilurd, and to them were born five children, of whom Isaac C. is the youngest. Two have now passed away — Abel H. and Fdwin F.. and the other two living are Curtis W. and Hiram A. The father was a carpenter by trade, and followed that occupation in Connecticut until 1803. when with his family he removed to the Empire Slate, locat- ing in Rensselaer County. Resuming work as a carpenter, he continued operations in that line until 1813, when he built a sawmill, therebj- pro- viding for the maintenance of his fareiil}- until 1828, when he returned to his native State. His next venture w.as as a farmer. He engaged in the cultivation of a tract of land, which he purchased near the old homestead, until 1836. which year witnessed his arrival in Calhoun, Mich. He had heard of the splendid opportunities afforded by the West, and determined to test the truth of those reports by a removal to the scene, but he was not long permitted to enjoy his new home, his death occurring in 1840, at the age of sixtj--one years. His wife had died many years previously, in May, 1813. For his second wife he married Xancv Brookcr. who died ten days after the death of her husband. Our subject received such education as the com- mon schools of his nati\ e State afforded, and re- mained under the parental roof until eighteen years of age, at which time he was apprenti ed to a gen- tleman who was owner of a woolen f.ictorv. After learning the trade he worked in various mills for three years, when in 1836, he removed to the old Biiy State, where he was employed in a woolen mill for two years. His father as before stated came to the West in 1836, and in 1838 our subject also went to Michigan, there making his home until the death of the old gentleman. Soon after- ward he returned to Massachusetts and resume*! his old employment as a manufacturer of woolen goods, continuing the same for eight years, when he removed to Bennington. Vt.. where he made his hoiae for two }"ears. He then once more went to Massachusetts, and from that time until 1864 was emplo3"ed in different mills until he received an offer to become Sui>erintendent of a new woolen mill in Vermont. He continued to serve in that capacity for three years, and then came to Wiscon- sin, at the same time purchasing fiftj- acres of land in the town of Princeton, where he now re- sides. His farm is one of the best in the commu- nit}", and is under a high state of cultivation. The slock there found is of the best grades, and his improvements are many, useful and beautiful. Since his arrival in Green Lake County. Mr. Gi-a\- has always given his support to those enter- prises which are calculated to benefit the public, and has ever done his share in the advancement of its worthy interests. In the positions of honor and trust which he h.ns occupied, ability and fidelity to duty have ever marked his course, and his long continued service as Justice of the Pence and School Treasurer indicate the confidence reposed in him by his constituents. He held the former position for twenty-two years, the latter for twelve yeai-s. and also served ."js Side Supervisor for one term. In political sentiment he is now a supporter of the Democracv. He cast his first Presidential vote for Henry Clay, and after its organization affiliated with the Republican party until 1876. when he joined forces with the Democrats. He held mem- bership with the Odd Fellows society in JL-issachu- setts. but does not now belong to any civic organization. He is a man wcll-kno>vn throughout the community, is whole souletl and genial, anil numbers among his friends all with whom he has become acquainted. The estimable wife of our subject was in her maidenhood Miss Kmeline Parker. She was born in Berkshire County, Mass., in 1818, and in 1842 was unitetl in raarrifige with Isaac C. Gray. Her patents. John and Betsy (Bisbee) Parker, were both natives of the same State, and her grjindfathers were Revolutionary soldiers. Mrs. Gray is the only one of the family yet living. Her father died in 1858, .ind her mother in 1864, and her ten V ^ ^3 / PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. brothers and sisters have also passed away. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Gray, namely: Coralinn, who is now deceased; Marion, who is one of the finest portrait artists in the .State of Wisconsin ; John P. and Willie II. ' t > :(§>: -4 : ' ^' SA BUNCE, deceased, was born in ^Vind- hain. Conn., May 26, 1803, and died at his home on section 21, Berlin Township, Green Lake Connty, July 2, 1884, a re- spected and honored citizen. His fatlier was Aaron Bunce, of English descent, who followed fanning tliroughout the greater part of his life. For a number of years he engaged in that occupation in C'onnectlcat, and then removed to Genesee County, N. Y., where he resumed the same line of business, which he continued until liis death. He was survived by his wife for some years, that ex- cellent Indy dying at the home of her son John, in Berlin Township. I'hey were parents of ten ciiil- dren, but all h.-tve now passed away. We know that tliis sketch of Asa Bunce will be received with pleasure liy his many friends in this vicinity, as he was widely kna'' Imsiness relations. Mr. Reese starts in anew with the best wishes of many (lid friends tint he may soon retrieve his lost ground and again he found in the foremost ranks of the successful merchants of Berlin. ,^ HARLRS AUGUSTrS MATHKR. the pio- /[^ neer banker of Berlin. Green Lake County. ^^^' was born in tlie town of Schaghticoke. Rensselaer Co., N. Y.. and is a son of Bethel and Huldah (Smith) Mnllier. His father was born in Torringfonl, Litchfield Co.. Conn., and his mother in Amenia, Dutchess Co.. N. Y., and both were de- scended from old New England families. The former was a descendant of .John Mather, of Low- ton. Lancastershire, England, who was born in the beginning of the fourteenth century. The family was established in liiis country by Rev. Richard Mather, grandson of John Mather, who crossed the Atlantic and settled in Boston in 1(535. He was the father of five sons, who were educated and gradu- ated from Harvard College. One of that number. Increase Mather, was the first person in this coun- try who received the title of D. D. Rev. Richard Mather had the honor of being one of the first Presidents of Harvard College and w.as the first pastor of the old .South Church in Boston, while his son, before mentioned, was one of his colleagues and together they preached in Boston for fifty years. Another member of the family, whose fame is world wide, is Cotton Mather, who was a brother of Charles Mather, of Torringford. Conn., the grandfather of our subject. Charles Augustus Mather, whose name heads this sketch, is of the ninth generation from John Mather, of Lancastershire, England, who is herein mention'-d as the progenitor of the family. He received liberal educational advant.ages and when his school life was completed, engaged in business ill Schaghticoke and Troy, N. Y'., until his emigra- tion to Wisconsin in the spring of 1856. He settled in Berlin, where he has since made his home, and shortl)' afterward emliarked in the insurance busi- ness, to which he yet devotes his energies, in connection with other enterjirises. In 1861 he established a private bank in Berlin, conducting it alone until 1864, when in company with T. S. Rud- dock and others, he organized the First National j Bank of Berlin, with a capital of ^50,000. Mr. Ruddock was made President, Mr. Mather Cashier, and J. F. Heazliti. Teller. The bank was in opera- j tion until 1870, when upon the removal of some of j the heaviest stock-holders from the city, it was de- cided to discontinue it. Mr. Mather then again engaged in private banking, being alone in business until 1877. when he admitted his nephew. Joseph M. Hawley, to partnership under the firm name of C. A. Mather & Co.. bankers, since which time the business has been conducted by those gentlemen, under that style, with marked success. The capi- tal is $25,000 and the bank is one of the most rcli- liable moneyed institutions in this community. In addition to banking, Mr. Mather has continued to carry on the insurance business, and is also largely interested in real estate, owning in connection with residence property considerable marsh land which he devotes to the culture of cranberries. On the Cth of November, 1878, Mr. Mather was united in raarri.nge witli Mrs. A. T. McDonald, widow of E. R. McDonald, of Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. She has one child by her former marriage, a son, Eugene R.. who is now a student of the Wisconsin State University. Her maiden name was Pares, she being a daughter of the late Thomas John Pares, Esq.. formerly of Leicestershire. Eng- land. Throughout his life, Mr. .Mather has been a great admirer of fine horses and manifested his love for that stock by purchasing the wonderful pacer, "Johnston," the f.astest horse on record in ihe world, the time being 2:6^. In 1883 he sold "John- ston" to Commodore Kittson, of St. Paul, for $20,000. Mr. Mather has ever been a liberal supporter of all the institutions of Berlin, and Ims done much for the upbuilding of the county. He w.as con- nected with another branch of industry, previously PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. uiimentioneci in this sketcli — llie quarries. Not long after iiis arrival in Berlin, lie purchased -'The Rocks" adjoining the Berlin Cemelery. Snbse quently he sold it to tlie Berlin & Monlello Granite Connpauy, which is now working it successfully. In political sentiment Mr. Matiier was formerly a Whig, but at the organization of tlie Republican party joined its ranks and has since been one of its faitliful supporters. Joseph M. Hawley, junior member of the firm of Mather & Hawley, bankers of Berlin, deserves more especial mention in this volume. He is a na- tive of the Em[)ire State, having been born in Salem, Washington County, >Jan. 15, IS.iG, and is a son of David and Lydia Jane Hawley. He began his scliool life in Salem, further pursued his studies in the Washington Academy and the schools of Springlleld, 111., and completed his education at Amherst College, from which he was graduated with honor in the class of 1876. He came to Ber- lin in November, of that year, and shortly after- wards entered into the lianking business, in which he is now engaged. ^SAAC RUSSELL, deceased, was one of the I, piominent citizens and honored pioneers of /li Marquette County. He was born in Reading, Windsor Co., Vt., Aug. 27, 1808, and died at his home in the town of Buffalo, in the month of Feb- ruary, 1877, respected by all who knew him. There are but few of the eaily settlers of Wisconsin left to relate the history of the progress and advance- ment which was made by them in those early times, and it thus becomes the duty .ts well as the pleas- ure of the historian to perpetuate their memory'. Mr. Russell ever identified himself with such en- terprises as were calculated to benefit the public, and never refused his aid and support when solici- ted for any worthy cause. He remained in his native State until attaining his m.ijority and his primary education was supi)lemented by a course in Reading Academy. When his school life was over, he engaged in teaching in the Green Moun- tain State, and afterward went to New York, fol- lowing the same profession in Rochester and Nunda for several years. He came to Wisconsin during its Territorial dayt and made his first location in I Racine County, whence he removed to Ripon, ! Fond du Lac County, becoming connected with the well known Phalanx community, at that pUu;e. It was while a resident of Ripon. that Mr. Rus- sell was united in marriage with Mrs. Palmerton, the wedding ceremony being performed on the 23d of March, 1818. In her maidenhood, Mrs. Russell was IMary Anna Clark. She wis born in Gran- ville, Washington Co., N. Y., Feb. -28, 1826, and when a chilil removed with her parents to Cleve- land, Ohio, where her father died in 1840, having survived his wife several years. After the death of her father, Mrs. Russell and her sister returned to her native State, where she remained until 1842, when she became a resident of Darien, AValworth Co., Wis. In that county, on the 25th of October, 1843, she became the wife of Sanford Palmerton, who died on the 14tli of April of the following year. In the fall of 1847, she went to Ripon, where she became acquainted with, and married Mr. Russell. In theautumn succeeding their mar- riage, they came to Marquette County, and settled on section 3, in the town of Buffalo, on land which Mr. Russell had purchased of the Fox River Com- pany. He was a man of great energy and perse- verance, and it was not long before his wild land was converted into a highly improved farm con- taining 240 acres. He was not only a practical farmer, but also entertained progressive ideas, and in consequence was quite successful in his under- takings. His loss was sincerely mourned by .nil who knew him, for the community felt that one of its best citizens had been tiken away. In his busi- ness transactions, his course was marked with the strictest honest}' and integrity, and it war often said of him that his word was .as good as his bond. He was charitable and benevolent, ever ready to extend a helping hand, and by his courteous and gentlemanly demeanor made friends wherever he went. He was liberal and progressive in his vieus on religious matters, and politically, was a waini advocate of Republican principles. He left an adopted d.iughter to sliare with Mrs. Russell her great loss. The wife is now living on the old homestead left her by her husband, with PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. lier daughter, Mrs. Graham and lier family. Mrs. Graham, who was formerly Miss Addie M. Li^wis, is the adopted daugliter of Mr. and Mrs. Russell. .She was born in Montello. Nov. 14, 1855, and on the 29tli of March, 1877, became the wife of James H. Graham, whose birtli occurred Nov. 20, 1851. Two children grace their union: Frank R. was born April 6, 1878. and Gertrude_G., Sept 19, 1880. Mr. Graiiam displays much ability in the nianagc- mentjof the tine farm wliicii he has now purchased, and whiciris situated on section 3, in theJ|town] of Buffalo. He ranks among the leading farmers[,of the community, and is accounted one of the enter- prising citizens as well. Themenilersof his house- hold rank high in the social world, and he deserves a representation in this volume. RA BUTLKR is engaged in farraing]anil slock- I raising in the town of Mackford, Green Lake County, his homcMieing situated on section 22. He h.as resided in Wisconsin during its whole exist- ence as a State, and was two years a resident under territorial Government. He has therefore been a witness of almost its entire growtli and develop- ment, and lias been an active particii)ant in the changes and progress that have been carried on. He was born in Siielhy County, Ind., on the 1st of March. 1838, and is a son of William and Eunice (Stone) Butler. When he was a lad of eight years, the family left their old home and came to Green Lake County, where his life has since been passed. He was reared to manhood upon his father's farm and acquired such education as the schools of that early day afforded. The school-house was built of logs, the seats were niaJe of slabs, the windows were but small apertures in the logs, and an im- mense fireplace occupied one end of the building. His primary education, however, has been hugely supi)leniented by reading and observation, and he is now one of the well-informed citizens of the community. By experience, he has gained a knowl- edge of men and the ways of the world which could never have been learned from toxt books. Ill the autumn of 1850. Mr. Butler was united ill marriage with Miss Alice Westover, daughter of Austin and Mary Westover, both of whom wei-e natives of the Empire State. Mrs. Butler was born in Michigan in 1870, and of her marriage one child was born, Eunice, who died in infancy. Mr. Buller is one of the leading farmers of the town of Mackford, where he owns a fine farm of 260 acres of land. It is highly cultivated and im- proved, and the neat and tasty residence, with its entire surroundings, indicates the care and super- vision of an industrious and energetic manager. In that case appearances are not deceitful, for as such his neighbors always speak of him. He has not only made for himself and wife a comfortable home, but has aided in the upbuilding of the community. He shared in the hardships and difficulties so common on the frontier, and aided in the development of the wild land into beautiful farms. At the time of his arrival the Indians were frequent visitors in the settlement, but their wigwams have long since been rei)laced by palatial residences, and towns and vil- lages have grown into cities: the stage coach has been superceded by the railroads which cross and recross the county, and the telegraph and telephone which have been introduced permit one to address a message or converse with friends hundreds of miles awaj-. Mr. Buller has had the honor of not only witnessing the marvelous growth but has also been a participant in the noble work, and surely deserves a representation in this volume. HARLES H. SMITH, a prominent young farmer and stock-raiser of Green Lake ''' Township, (ireen Lake Co., Wis., and a son I of Samuel W. and Almei.a (Conable) Smith, was I born in the house in which he now livcs,.Iune 1 . 1 8G3, ; it being situated on section 19. His boyhood days were spent on his father's farm, and in the district schools he laid the foundation for a higher educa- tion. Having acquired a good knowledge of the rudimentary branches, he spent two years at the Berlin High School, and then took a select course in the Commercial College of Oshkosh. When his education w.as completed he returned to the farm, and soon afterward made choice of a companion for life. On the 4th of December, 1884, he united PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 719 his destiny witli that of Miss Nellie, the accom- plished daughter of L. J. and Belle (Potter) Br.iy- ton. She was born in the village of Marquette, Green Lake County, March 24, 1865, and belongs to the Episcopal Church. The young couple began their domeslic life upon the old homestead where Mr. S;nith spent his boy- hood da3's. lie is now the owner of 240 acres of as fine land as can be found in the county, but operates 400 acres. He also raises a high grade of stock of all kinds, and since 1885 has dealt con- jointly in stock with T. W. Miller, they being the most extensive shippers in the county. He has been quite successful in both branches of his business and is now numbered among the substantial men of Green Lake. Socially, he is a member of the Masonic Lodge of Markesan. and like all the rest of his family is a stanch supporter of the Demo- cratic party. lie has passed his entire life in the town of Green Lake, has seen most of its growth and progress and is numbered among its wide-awake and enterprising farmers. Both he and his wife are widely known throughout the commu- nity and hold a high position in the social world. #^ <^. ARON BROWN, deceased, was born in v(sOl Oneida County, N. Y.. in .Tune, 1811. and K li was a son of Jon.is Brown. The family ^ from which our subject is descended was founded in America by a Pilgrim of the Mayflower in 1620. His mother's maiden name was Bryant, and she was a cousin of William CuUen Bryant, one of America's most illustrious poets. The subject of this sketch, on attaining his ma- jority, chose milling as the trade which he wished to follow, and in Oneida County was at one time pro- prietor of two sawmills and a gristmill, and diil an extensive business in that line. He was married in his native county, when Miss Lucina Nichols be- came his wife, and unto them were born three chil- dren, two (laughters and a son — Florence A., the eldest, is the wife of A. G. Cary. of Centralia, Wis.; James P. N. is engaged in the mnnuf.'ieture of pumps in Berlin, and is represented elsewhere in this volume: Lillie is the wife of Dr. D. Silliman, of Hudson,'jWis. The death of the mother oc- curred in Berlin, April 23, 1881. Mr. Brown had been married prior to his marriage with Lucina Nichols — his first wife having been Miss Hannah Osborn, by whom he had one child, who died at the age of ten years. Mr. Brown removed to Syracuse, N. Y., and in that city engaged in the manufacture of printing presses and piano plates until 1860, when he came to Wisconsin, settling in Kenosha, where he worked as a millwright and also engaged in the manufac- ture of the New York patent churn. He continued to make his home in Kenosha until 1863, when he removed to Berlin and bought an interest in a fac- toi-y where pumps and water tanks are manufac- tured, and where windmills were also sold. His son afterward became his partner, and be continued business in that line until his death, which occurred Sept. 9, 1883. He was well and favorably known in militia circles in Central New York. Mr. Brown was reared under the auspices of the Methodist E()iscopal Church, but after his marriage attended the Baptist Church with his wife. In pol- itics, he was a Democrat prior to the War of the Rebellion, but at that time he allied himself with the party of the administration, and until his death re- mained a stanch Republican. He was a member of Odd Fellows society of Berlin, and was esteemed an upright, honorable man, and a worthy citizen, whose death proved a sad loss to the couutv and his many friends. ■sides on section 25 in Green Lake County, farming. His entira this community. He was born in Berlin Township, A.ug. 8. 1849, and is a son of Henry and Harriet (Sharp) Thomas. His early life was spent mid play and work in much the usual manner of farmer lads and in the district schools of the neighborhood he acquired his educa- tion. He remained at home until twenty-two years of age when he left the parental roof and began life for himself. On the 3 1st day of October, 1872. he united his destiny with that of Miss Mary A. Smith, 120 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. a naliveof Watertown, Wis., horn Oct. 12, 184!). Her parents, Henry and Jane (Ford) Smith, were botii natives of Sussex, England, and in cliiklliood came to America, settling in Livingston Countj', , N. Y., where they were married. They left the Kast and emigrated to Wisconsin during the days of its early history, making their home in Berlin, where the death of Mr. Smith occurred. His wife is still living. They were parents of three children, hut one is now deceased. Those who survive are Mag- gie, wife of Thomas Saxton; and Mrs. Thomas. During the war Mr. Smith served his country for a year as a member of Company B. 46th AVisconsin Infantry. He was a Republican in politics and his wife is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Thomas has passed his entire married life where he now makes his home. His farm com- ))rises 195 acres of valuable land, higlily im|)roved and cultivated and in addition to its improvement he devotes considerable attention to the raising of fine stock, making a specialty of thoroughbred sheep. He also raises a high grade of horses, cattle and hogs. He is a practical and progressive farmer, and bj- his own exertions has made what he has. He is agent for the Berlin Fire Insurance Company of Berlin Township, and in politics is a Republican. To Mr. and Mrs. Tliom.as was born one child, Leta M.. who died Oc.t. 1. 1878, at the age of three ye.\rs. This worthy couple are widely known | throughout the community in which they reside. I Tiieir home is the abode of hospitality and they hold a high position in the social world. Respected by all who know them, they certainly deserve a representation in this volume and it is with pleasure that we record their sketch. J( AMES WILSON, .Icceased. w:is born Dec. : 26, 1826, and died at his home in Berlin ' Township, Aug. 29, 188G, respected by all who knew him. He was for many years a prominent citizen of that community and was one of tiie representative farmers of the town. He w.as of English birth, but when about a year .and a half t)i(l was brought by his parents to this country, the fimily settling in Oneida County, N. Y., where both father and mother lie under the green sod. James was reared to manhood upon the old home farm where he spent most of his life until his emi- gration to the West. For a few years however he was captain of a boat on the Erie Canal. In 1856 he left the East with the hope of bettering his fin- ancial condition by a removal to Wisconsin. He chose Green Lake County as the scene of his future operations and after working .ns a farm hand for a few months bought a tract of land, then in a wild and unimproved condition. It is llie farm on whicli Mrs. Wilson now resides, but is wild no longer, having been transformeerlin Township, which still continues to be their home, and there was born unto them one child— J. Alfred, who married Lula Owen, and assists his father in the management of the farm. Mr. White owns 120 acres of valuable PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. land wilh a neat and tasty residence, good barns i and outbuildings, excellent grades of stock and the. j latest improved njachinery. As a citizen, he will j ingly and promptly discharges his duties aud well deserves a representation in this volume. Politic- ally, he is a Republican and both he and liis wife are members of the Baptist Church. ^ ^ ^ I E. PEIRCK, financial manager of the Ger- ^_ mania Company, a business corporation of Germania, resides in that village, and is one of its most prominent citizens. He was born on the family homestead, in the town of Shields, Mar- quette County, and is the only son of Abraham and Henrietta (.lones) Peirce. His father was born ill Worcester County, Mass., in 1800, and was Iwicc married. He wedded a Mrs. Ellis, liy whom he had two daughters: Mary A., wife of Col. Joel B. Colougli. of Minneapolis. Minn., who served as First Assistant Engineer under Gen. Anderson, on the North Pacific Road, having charge of the con- struction of that road from Miles City to Billings, Mont.: Martha, the other daughter, resides with her sister, aud has been an invalid for many years. The mother of those children was a widow at the time of her marriage with Mr. Peirce and by her former union also had two daughters: Angelina, wife of S. N. Hartell, of Germania, Wis.; and Hat- tie, a successful teacher, who died in 1863. The year 1S47 witnessed the arrival of Abraham Peirce in Wisconsin. He resided in Kenosha for tiiree years and in 1850 located in the town of Shields. Marquette County, where he engaged in farming.entering land adjacent to Lake Menonionee. Upon that farm he resiiled until iiis death, which occurred in 1853. He w.as a man honored and re- spected by all who knew him. and was a prominent citizen of the county during its early days. Mis. Peirce, the mother of our subject, still survives her husband. She was born in Worcester County, Mass.. in 1616, and is a daughter of I\Iaj. Jones, who w:is a jirorainenl man of his day and one of the olfiiials of the militia of the old Bay State. :«rs. Peine after the death of her husband returned to Massachusetts and was again married, becoming the wife of Benjamin Hall, with whom she returned to Wisconsin in 1859. Mr. Hall, who is now deceased, was practically the founder of the Germania Com- pany, one of the extensive business corporations of the county, and it was also through his instrument- ality that the water power of Germania was utilized. C. E. Peirce, whose name heads this sketch, was born in 1850, in the town of Shields, Marquette County, and on the homestead farm the days of his boyhood and youth were passed. He was twenty years of age when, in the month of Novem- ber, 1870. he led to the marriage altar Miss Nettie S. Wright, who was a native of Massachusetts, and accompanied her parents to Adams County. Wis., when about six years of age. Her family are still living in that count}'. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Peirce have been born four interesting children, two sons and two daughters— Paul M.. Ruth D., Mabel H. and Howard W.. who are still with their parents. Mr. Peirce is one of the prominent and induen- tial citizens not only of the village in which he makes his home, but of Marquette County as well. He is the efficient and trusted manager of the Ger- mania Company, having special charge of the mer- cantile department. The companj- engages in general farming and stock raising, as well as com- mercial pursuits. Mr. Peirce leaves nothing undone which will advance the interests of the corporation, but laliors earnestly for its welfare and has won the confidence and high regard of all connected with the company. Throughout the community he is esteemed by his fellow-citizens as a man of honor and worth and his circle of friends and acquaint- ances is extensive. ERBERT E. FRISBlE.a representative busi- jj- ness man of Pine River. Waushara County, is a native of Vermont. He was born in the town of Georgia. Chittenden County, July 12, 1845. and is descended from one of the early New England families. His paternal grand- father. Ira Frisbie. was born in Connecticut in 1789, and died in 1867. He served in the War of 1812, and followed the occupation of farming for a live- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. r23 liliood. He married Tirza Ruggles, of Vermont, and in tlial State they made tlieir home until death. Hollis Jewell, the maternal grandfather of our sub- ject, was also a native of Connecticut, where his entire life was jjassed. He married Betsy God- dard, of that State, who after the death of her hus- band, came to Berlin, in 1850. She died in May of tlie same year, in the sixt3-sixth year of her age. She was a member of the Christian Church. Benjamin Franklin Frisbie, father of Herbert, is still an honored citizen of Waushara County. He was born in Vermont, on the 17tii of March, 1818, and by occupation is a carpenter and joiner. The date of his emigration to the West, was December. 1849. He landed atasniall liamletknown as Strong's Landing, now the thriving little city of Berlin, where he remained a short time. He then pro- ceeded to Pine River, and ojiening a shop, fol- lowed carpentering for a number of years. He took an active part in public affairs in earlier days, nnd did much for the upbuilding of town and county. He was a partner in the first saw and grist mill built at Pine River, and built the first hotel at that place. The dimensions of that structure vvas 7x9, but he afterward erecteoy, N. ,1. The subject of this sketch passer] the days of his bo3hood and youth in his native land and received his education in its public schools, but wishing to try his fortune intheXew World, when twenty-one years of age he bade good-bye to home and friends and started out on a long journey of more than 3,000 miles. From his native city he went to Co- penhagen, then on to Hamburg, whence he made his way to Liverpool, England, and crossed the Atlantic to Quebec. He at once resumed his journey, and on the 28th day of July. 1 8G6, reached New York. He spent a yrar in Fairfield, Conn., and in 1867 we again find him in the Eastern me- tropolis engaged in the French polisliing, which he followed for two years. He spent a few months of the latter part of 1869 in Fairfield, and in 1870, came to Marquette County, making a location near the village of Uarrisville. With the money ac- quired from his labors in the East he purchased 160 acres of land in company with his brother, and began the improvement of a farm which he soon had under a high state of cultivation. The follow- ing year ho rented land and continued to operate the same until 1876, when he purchased his present farm on section 20, in the town of Harris, which was then in a partly improved condition. He is a man of great energy and perseverance and what- ever he undertakes he carries forward to a success- ful completion, determining to make for lumself a good home, as a result he has one of the finest farms in Marquette Count}^ It comprises 178 acres of valuable land, and understanding the rotation of crop.-, it yields abundant harvests. He has made niiiny im|irovements of both a useful and ornamen- tal character. On the 4th of November, 1870, Mr. Mortensen married Maiia Holm, by whom he has four child- ren: Martin, who graduated with honor from the AVestfield High School in the class of 1H8U; An- drew, William and Anna. The children have all received excellent educational advantages and the eldest son is now one of the successful teachers of the county. Mr. Mortensen is ever ready to aid in the ad- vancement of those enterprises which are calculated to promote the general welfare and has always faithfully discharged his duties of citizenship. Never a trust reposed in him but has been fulfilled to the satisfaction of all concerned. He has held a number of township offices, including thatof Treas- urer, and in the discharge of his duties won the commendation of all concerned. He is a Republi- can in politics, and both he and his wife are de- voted members of the .Seventh Day Adventists' Church. STLLIVAN ROBINSON, deceased, is num- bered among the early and respected citi- zens of Green Lake Count}', and when called to his final rest, his loss was greatly deplored by many warm friends. He was born in Livermore, Me., on the 3d of November, 1806, and was a son of Paul Robinson, a native of Rhode Island. His father died in Green Lake County. The early life of our subject was passed unevent- fully, the first important event in his career oeing his marriage with Miss Emily Clarke, who was also born in Livermore, Feb. 11, 1812. Their union was blessed with four children, .as follows: Hannah, who was born Dec. 6. 1832, married a Mr. Bing- ham and settled in Minnesota, but subsequently removed to Iowa, where her husband died ; she then became the wife of Mr. Young, of Dickinson County, Iowa. Alphonso, who was born Feb. 1, 1835, is living in Brown Count}', Kan.; Charles E., born on the 2d of Febrnarj', 1837, is also a resident of Brown Count}'; he served in the Union Army for three years as a member of a Kansas regiment. Frank C, born March 1, 1839. makes his home in Clark County, S. D. The mother of these children died on the 18th day of August, 1839, after which Mr. Robinson was again married, his second union being with Miss Mary Euslis, who was born on the 4th of .lune. 18U8. Thev 764 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. became the parents of two cliiklien: Kdwin W., born Jnly 1. 1842; and Paul, born July 8, 1848. In 1851 Mr. Robinson left his old home, in Salem, Me., and, accompanied by his family, fol- lowed the course of emigration Westward until reaching Markesan, Green Lake County, where he resided for a year and a half. At the expiration of that time he removed to Trenton, Dodge County, where he engaged in farming on rented land for two years. In the meantime he purchased eighty acres on section 36, in the town of Mackford, but subsequently sold out and, in 1854, removed to the farm on which he made his home until his death. He first purchased 100 acres, but from time to lime added to that until lie was the owner of 300 .acres. He was a successful farmer, and may truly be called a self made man. In political sentiment, in early life, he was a stanch Whig, but on the dis- solution of that party joined the ranks of the Republican part}', of which he remained a firm supporter. He was a man of marked character- istics and strong convictions and stood high in the estimation of the citizens of the community on ac- count of his upright life and sterling worth. His death occurred on the 17tli of February, 18G7. His wife, who was a most estimal)Ie lady and sincere Christian, died March 27, 1884, having survived her husband seventeen years. RAXCIS (ULBERT KNIGHT, one of the Pleading citizens of Kingston, Wis., and a loyal defender of his country during the late war, was born in Somerset Count}', Me., Sept. 19, 1832, his parents, George and Amelia (Rhodes) Knight, being also natives of the Pine Tree State. His mother died when he was about a year old, and he was then reared by an uncle, Gilbert Rhodes, with whom he remained until eighteen years of age, spending his time in the pineries of Maine and Canada. He first came to the West in the month of April, 1857, stopping for a short time at Havanna, 111., whence in July of the same year, lie came to Kingston and engaged in the lumber business for a number of years, until 1862, wlien he responded to his country's call for troops. The year previous, he had married Harriet J. Knox, a native of New York, and a daughter of Alanson Knox. Bidding good-by to his young bride, he enrolled his name among the boys in blue and was mustered into service at Oshkosh, as a member of the 32nd Wis- consin Regiment. Shortly afterward the command was ordered to Memphis. Tenn., where it remained a month; then to Hurricane Creek, Miss., whence they started after Price, who was making a raid through some of the Southern States. The regi- ment participated in the battles of Davis Mills and Holly Springs, after which an engagement was brought on at Grand Junction. Tenn. It went into winter quarters at Bulwer and the ftillowing spring was sent to Memi)liis, Tenn., having charge of the Charleston Depot for six months, during which time the troops also guarded the road for n distance of fifty miles. They then marched on to Vicksburg under Gen. Sherman, and thence east to Meriden, and after some slight skirmishes returned to Cairo, whence after a short time they were sent out to gain knowledge of the whercabonts of For- rest. Boarding some steamers on the Tennessee River, they then proceedeil by water .is far as the boats could go, and on landing marched .across the country to Decatur, Ala., where the. brigade to which Mr. Knight belonged built a fort and was stationed three months, participating in several skirmishes during that time. The next imjjortant engagement in which he took part was the siege and capture of Atlanta, which was followed by the celebrated March to the Sea under Sherman. On their March to the Sea. they participated in the battles of Three Rivers. Bentonville. and a number of others. He also participated in the Grand Review at Washington, after which he received his dis- charge, and on his return to Milwaukee wjis mus- ttred out of service. Mr. Knight was ever faithful to his duty ,<»s a soldier, and though he was in some of the most hotly contested battles of the war, was never known to Hindi or falter. To such men the preservation of the Union is due and too much can- not be said in praise of their heroism and noble self-sacrifice in leaving their homes and families, perhaps never again to return. Immediately after being mustered out, Mr. Knight returned to his home, and the joy of that PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHI'^AL ALBUM. hour can bettci' be imagined tlian desciihed. Six cliildren have been born of liis union witli JMiss Knox: Amelia, Catherine, (xilbert A., Allen, Ilenrj- and Arthur, who died at the age of fourteen years. In political sentiment. Mr. Knight is a Republii.'an, and socially is a member of the G. A. R. Post of Kingston. Both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal t'hurcli, also their children, and in the Master's vineyard, they are earnest workers. They have a pleasant home in Kingston, and are held in high regard by all who know them. Mr. Knight is one of the leading citizens of Green Luke County, and probably p.o man in the com- munity has more friends than he. _^SA FRAXCLS KENDALL, who resides v @A-J| on section 10, in the town of Montello, il X Marquette County, is tiie owner of a fine @/ farm of 160 acres. The family has been prominently connected with the history of this community, but our subject is the only one now living in the county. His father, Frederick A. Kendall, was born in Worcester County, Mass., June 16, 1803, .and in his youth learned the trade of a carpenter and joiner. He married Miss Selena Ann Aberill and shortly afterwards removed to the city of Boston, where for some time he fol- lowed his chosen occupation. He then resided in Fitchburg, Mass., for many years, and afterwards emigrated with his family to the AVest. In the month of April, 1851, they left the Bay State and arrived in Marquette County in July following. The family then consisted of five children, four sons and a daughter. The journey was made by way of the lakes to Milwaukee, where they re- mained for about a month and then proceeded on their way to Watertown, where two months were spent. Thns it is that we find them in Marquette County early in July. Mr. Kendall laid aside car- pentering and turned his attention to merchandis ing and agricultural pursuits. He located on the farm where his son now lives, in 1853, and in the course of time became the owner of a large tract of land in that vicinity. His death occurred in Montello, July 28, 1878, he having survived his wife about four years. Mr. Kendall was an active, energetic business man, sagacious and far-sighted, I and w.as numbered among the respected and valued citizens of the comnuinity. In his political and religious views he was liberal, but gave his support I to any enterprise which he believed would benefit the community. The famil3' of Mr. and Mrs. Kendall numbered ten children, seven sons and three daughters, but [ five of that number died in childhood. The others grew to mature years, but only tliree are now liv ing — F. A., who resides in Berlin, Green Lake [ County; George A., a resident of Worcester County, Mass.; and A. F., whose name heads this notice. Charles L. died in 1870, in Montello. where he had been engaged in the hardware busi- ness; Selena Ann became the wife of Eli A. Smith, and for many years resided in Stevens' Point, but died in Montello in 1881. A. F., or "'Frank Kendall," as he is familiarly r-alled, was born in Fitchburg, Mass., in April, 1812, but has been a resident of Marquette County since his ninth year. His early life w.as unmarked by any event of special importance until 1861, when at the age of nineteen years he enlisted in his countrj''s service as a member of the 3rd Wis- consi'-i Cavalry, but after seven months he was dis- charged on account of disability, caused by an injury received. He was then emplo3"ed in various ways for a number of j-ears. He spent three years in the Southwest and settled permanently on the old homestead farm that he now occupies in the sum- mer of 1875. The following year he attended the golden wedding of his parents, which was celebra- ted in September, 1876, when all the children wore present with the exception of George A. The wife of Mr. Kendall was formerly Miss Electa Ann Record, she being a daughter of Lu- ther C. Record, one of the early settlers of Dodge County. The wedding was celebrated in 1874, and their union has been blessed with an interest- ing family of four children — Jessie L.. Fred L., Frankie and Marian. Mr. Kendall is now the owner of a line farm of 160 acres of highly improved and cultivated hand. He is widely and favorably known throughout Marquette County, being ranked among her worthy PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and respected citizens. He is not radical in bis political views, but generally supports the Repub- lican party on matters of National importance. At local elections lie cists his ballot for the man whom he tliiiiks will best fill the office. ' ^ • a^- ^m DAM PRUTSMAX. one of tha early sel- ^[ul tiers of Waushara County, who is now en- /// •* gaged in general farming and stock-raising ^ on section 11 in the town of Plainfield, w.as born in Tompkins County, N. Y., Sept. 16, 182.5. His parents, David and Mary (Fish) Prutsman. were both natives of Pennsylvania, but the hus- band was of German descent. He was a farmer bj' occupation, which business he followed in the East until 1855, when lie emigrated to Waushara Count}', Wis., purchasing 200 acres of land in the town of Plainfield. Wholly unimproved, it was no easy task to place it under cultivation, but witii ch.iracteristic energy he began the work and at the time of his death, which occurred in 18G8, had a fine farm. His wife died about six weeks previous to the death of her husband and they were laid side by side in Plainfield Cemeter.v. Their family numbered ten children, six of whom are now liv- ing: Jefferson, a farmer of Tioga County. Pa.; Adam, of this sketch; Bets}', wife of Albert Fer- inger, a farmer of Bradford County, Pa. ; Emily, wife of Caleb Greenfield, of Holt County, Neb. ; Charlotte, wife of Aaron Drake, a farmer of the town of Plainfield ; ^laria, wife of .Samuel Bent- ley, a lumberman of Portage Count}'. Those de- ceased arc Jolin, William. Laura, and David, who was killed in the arm\'. Adam Prutsman spent his boyhood day.* in the Ke3'stone State and acquired his education in the common schools. Remaining under the parental roof until attaining his majority, he then started out in life for himself, entering upon his business career as an employe in a saw mill, where he workeil for three summers. He came to the West in 18.").? for the purpose of seeking a location, and deter- miiu'd to make his future home in Wausliara County, so returning for his family, he came with tiiem in tlie spring of 1854 and took up his residence in the town of Plainfield, where he entered about 440 acres of land. After building a good house and barn, he hired a man to improve his lanf six j'eais until tlie death of his father, which oecurrefl when lie was a lad of twelve years, he re- siilcd witii a married sister, but when his father was taken away he returned home and witli the aid of ills brother supported iiis mother and the youuo;er children, keeping the family together until all had iirown up and were able to go forth in the world and provide their own livelihood. In 1836 he went to Michigan, where an older brother had previously located. That brother induced him to bring the family to Michigan, which he did. comfortably es- lahllshing them on a farm. His wife, however, was sick at the time and returning East to her, her par- ents persuaded Mr. Crowl that it might injure his wife's health by taking her into a wild and unset- lied country and he therefore resolved to remain in New York. For three years he worked In a shoe shop, when in 1838 he began learning the milling business with Erastus Whiting, in the town of Hnrns. Allegany County, remaining with that gen- tleman nine years. The following year was spent in the employ of Swane #- ,^^ FENCER S. ANGLE, who is now engaged '^^^ iu farming on section 2, in the town of 1|A/1|) Berlin, Green Lake Count}', has passed his entire life on the farm where he still makes his home. He was born on the 1 1th of July. 185'J. and is a son of Charles H. and Mary M. (Busca- bark) Angle, early settlers of the county, who are 782 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. represented olsewbere in this volume. As soou as he was old enough he began a.ssisting his father in the cultivation of the home farm, alternating his lime between tliat labor and the school room. He received a good common-school education, such as would fit him for the practical duties of life. Like a dutiful son he remained at home until twenty-one years of age, when lie began working in his own interests, obtaining a jjosition as a farm hand. On the 2d of September, 1885. Mr. Angle was joined in wedlock with Miss Sarali Walker, daugh- ter of Aaron and Elizabeth (Fen wick) Walker. The lady is a nart-ive of Wausliara County, wliere her birth occurred March 13, 1858. Upon his mar- riage he located on the old homestead, where he is still living. The union of this worthy couple is graced with two interesting children — Ina W. and Charles R. In connection with the cultivation of liis farm, Mr. Angle devotes considerable attention to the raising of fine stock, and has been very successful in that line of business. In fact, prosperity has at- tended his efforts since he has engaged in business enterprises and he is accounted one of the success- ful farmers of the community. In political senti- ment, he is a stanch Republican and has helil sev- eral local offices, including that of Side Supervisor. /^ HAHLES R. ANGLE, deceased, w.as born in [(( n ■'^«''»''02:a County, N. Y., Jan. 21, 1810. ^^/ The family is of Holland origin, and was established in America by the great-grandfather of our subject, who left his native land and settled in Pennsylvania. His son emigrated to New Jersey and subsequently became a resident of New York. The maternal grandfather was also a citizen of the former State. The parents of Mr. Angle were Jacob and Elizabeth (Smith) Angle. The father was a cripple for many years, and therefore fol- lowed s\ich lines of business as his misfortune per- mitted, including merchandising, keeping tavein. etc. In the Empire State he married Miss Eliza- beth Smith, a native of New Jersey, who had re- moved to New Y'ork in childhood. He died in that State in the sixtieth year of his age, after which his widow went to Indiana, and subsequently became a resident of Winnebago County, Wis., where she departed this life in her ninety-eighth year. Tlieir family consisted of eight children, four sons and four daughters, but only one is now living — Eleanor, who has attained the age of sev- enty-six years. The school privileges which our subject received were very limited, but possessing scholarly tastes he devoted his leisure hours to study, and in that way prepared for teaching, which he followed for many years. He displayed marked ability in that profession and won the confidence of his patrons. In the early days of his manhood he went to Montgomery County, Ind., where, on the 29th of March, 1849, he w.as joined In wedlock with Miss Mary M. Busenbark, who w.as born in Butler County, Ohio, Dec. 26, 1824. and is a daughter of James and Elizabeth (Good) Busenbark. Her father was a native of New Jersey, her mother of Penns3'lvania, but they were married in Ohio, whither thev had removed in an early day. In 1826 they left the Buckeye State and became resi- dents of Montgomery County, where, in the midst of the forest, Mr. Busenbark cleared and developed a farm. His wife died when Mrs. Angle was about eighteen years old, but he lived to the ripe old age of eighty years. They were parents of ten children, eight of whom are yet living. Mr Angle came to Wisconsin in 1847, pre-empted land, re- turned to Indiana, taught school one year, and returned to Green Lake County in 1849. Shortly after their marri.ige. Mr. and Mrs. Angle came to Green Lake County, locating u|)on a farm a mile and a half east of Berlin, where his death occurred. He began life in limited circum- stances, but worked his way upward step by step until he became one of the substantial farmers of community, owning 138+ acres of land, and also operating ninety-five acres owned by his wife. He accomplished whatever he undertook, trusting n3, is the wife of Anthony (^uantius, of Berlin, Green Lake County; Adda L., born Oct. 7, 1855, married W. D. Sutfin, a resident farmer of the town of Buffalo; Martha G., born Sept. 12, 1858, is the wife of George Moore, who is living in Portage City, Wis. William B. Graham, whose name heads this notice, was born April 12, 1850, and has never yet left his native State. He has ever resided u|)on the old homestead, and in the schools of the neigh- borhood acquired his education. Like a dutiful son he assisted his father in the cultivation of the farm until the death of Mr. Graham, Sr., when he assumed the management and has since operated it in his own interest. When twenty-two years of age he was united in marriage with Miss Emma Norton, daughter of Thomas and Catherine Nor- ton, who were born on the Emerald Isle and came to tills country in 1847. Their first h.ome was in Piemont, N. Y., next they resiiled in Rhode Is- I land, and thence removed to Portage City, Wis., PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 785 in 1850. but are now livinu; in Mitchell County, Iowa. Mrs. Graham wns born in Providence, R. I., Dec. 23, 1849, was brought by her parents to this .Slate when a babe, and like her husband was reared in tiie vicinity of her present home. Unto this vrortby couple have been born six ehildien, five of whom are yet living: Stella, born March 7, 1875; Roy T.. April 10, 1877: May E., Feb. 24, 1882; Willie E., July 21, 1884; and Freddie D., Jan. 19, 1889. Francis J., who was born June 6, 1873, died on the 28th of December, 1878, and was laid to rest in the Stone School-Louse cemetery. The father of Mr. Graham on his arrival in tiie county purchased 160 acres of land, but our sub- ject now owns and operates 320 acres, all of which is under a high state of cultivation. He has also made many useful and ornamental improvements, and on his farm may be seen some of the finest blooded stock in the county, in which he takes great pride, devoting considerable attention to that line of his business. His Lome is a pretty and substantial residence, supplied with all that makes life worth the living. Politically, Mr. Graham is a Democrat, but not a radical politician. Socially, he is a member of Montello Lodge, No. 141, A. F. & A. M., and is a well-known and highly respected member of society. H-H-- J^Ml LEAN CLARK, of Princeton, was born in ^ ®P[ tlie town of North Collins, Erie Co, I 1b N. Y., March 19, 1829. His ancestors (^ were English and came to New England with that flow of emigration which set toward the shores of Nortii America during the ecclesiastical troubles, which culminated in the abdication of King James II, in 1688. According to Foster's historical collections of New England, there was one Abraham Clark, of Bristol, England, a cooper by trade, who apprenticed his son Abraham, a Lad ten years of age, to one Harris to go to North America to learn the calling of a planter. Mr. Harris came and settled on the west side of Paw- tuxet River, in wliat is now the town of Cranston, Providence Co., R. I. The apprenticed lad served out his time with Harris and finally settled near him, there rearing a family of which little is known with the exception of some facts concerning two of the sons, Abraham and John. The former sold liis interest in the Pawtuxet homestead to his father and brother John in 1747, and having mar- ried Elizabeth Brown, purchased land in the west- ern part of Rhode Island, in what is now the town of Glouster, near the state line, on which the little village of Clarkville now stands. On tiiat farm the father and grandfather of our suliject were born. The latter, born April 19, 1751, married Mercy Batty in 1781, and died in Fall River, Mass., in 1831. The former, born June 14, 1790, wedded Alice Blackwar, Feb. 18, 1816, and two 3'ears later removed with his f.-iniiiy to North Col- lins, where his death occurred April 25, 1804. Alban Clark of tliis notice received a common- school education in the neighborhood, after which he attended the Springvilie Academy and Seminary during the years 1848, 1849 and 1850. During his attendance at that school, he devoted his time to the study of the higher matiiematics including land surveying, and the rudiments of Latin and Greek. He first came to the West in 1851, locat- ing in McIIenry County. 111., where during the fol- lowing winter he engaged in teaching school in I'rankville. In the month of March, 1852, became to Wisconsin, choosing as the scene of his future operations Big Bull Falls, now the city of Wausau, where he was employed as book-keeper by a lum- ber firm. The succeeding nine years of his life were there passed, he being engaged during the greater part of that time in some of the various branches of lumbering and surveying. He was chosen Assessor of the city of Wausau in 1857, and the following year was elected Town Treasurer. He was also tendered the position of principal of the schools of that place, serving during the years 1857 and 1858. Mr. Clark had come to Wisconsin a single man- but while residing in Wausau was united in mar- riage with Jane Ann Calkins, by whom he has a I family of eight children, four sons and four [ daughters, all of whom are living at this writing. I Clara Alice, the eldest, is now the wife of Ezekiel I Scovel, whom she wedded in 1883; Frank Emer- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. sou, Esq., a graduate of the Noitliern ludiaua College of Law, who now resides in Princeton, is one of the leading members of tlie Green Lake County bar: Mary Emma became the wife of W. C. Briggs in 1881 ; Maggie May is now engaged in teaching; Ralph Hiram is operating his father's farm; U. S. Grant and Lola Etta are also following the teacher's profession; and H. Greeley is at- tending school. Mr. Clark says that of his relations for the last century, so far as he knows, about 90 i)er cent, have been farmers, 3 per cent, merchants, o per cent, mechanics, no doctors or preachers, and only three lawyers, including his son Frank E., of Princeton. He estimates the number of his relations of the name of Clark, now living, to be about 150, or fortj- families, all of whom, so far as he knows, are residing in Massa- chusetts, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, i Ohio and Wisconsin. In 1861 Mr. Clark determined to make his home in Princeton, and in the month of April he arrived I with his family, locating upon a farm where he still makes his home. During the years that have ' since come and gone, he has frequently been honored with offices of trust and in the discharge i of his official duties he has ever displayed the utmost fidelity, thus winning the con6dence and high regard of .ill. For two years he served his town as Clerk and one year w.as Chairman of the Board of .Supervisoi-s. He has five times been elected County Surveyor of Green Lake County, and in 1884 he w.as the people's choice for the position of County Clerk, to which office he was re-elected in 1886. In 1871 he was chosen by Justice Cole as one of the (Commissioners for Green Lake County, to settle for the right of way ' for the Sheboygan & Fond du Lac Railroad Com- p.iny. In politics Mr. Clark is a Republican. He e.nst his first Presidential vote for John C. Fremont, in ' 18o6, and since that time has never wavered in his allegiance to the party. He is a man of more than ordinary ability and is a valued citizen. His j public and private life are above reproach and he commands the respect of all with whom business or pleasure have brought him in contact. He is a I member of no church, being rather liberal in his ' leligii us views, He, however, believes in the I orlhoilox views of the future slate, somewhat modi- fied perhaps by his early associations with the sect known as Quakers, whom he still holds in very high esteem. He is now past his sixtieth year, but possesses unusual vigor and activity for a man of his age and we join his many friends in wishing that for years to come he may be numbered among the citizens of Green Lake County. a^^HOMAS \V. HAMILTON, boot and shoe fjf^^ dealer of Berlin, Wis., is numbered among 5^^ the leading business men of Green Lake County. He is a native of the Empire State, hav- ing been born in Sheldon. Wyoming County, March 13, 183G. His parents were Harry and Asenath Hamilton. His father was born in Tin- mouth, Rutland Co.. Vt., on the litth of February, 179", and is a descendant of one of three brothers who founded the family in America in the latter part of the seventeenth century. They were na- tives of Scotland. Ziba Hamilton settled in Nan- tucket, Mass., and was the founder of the branch of the family to which our subject belongs. He removed to Tinmouth. Rutland Co., Vt., where he died at an advanced age. His son. Dr. Ziba Hamilton settled in Wallingford, Conn., where he was a prominent ph3-sician. He subsequently re- moved to Batavia. Genesee Co., N. Y.. and was the pioneer physician of that place wjiere he prsjcticed fifty-three years. Harry Hamilton, son of Dr. Ziba and the father of our subject, became a resident of Batavia. N. Y. in his boyhood. His father was desirous of educating him for the medical profession, but the son's taste did not lie in that direction and he be- came a farmer instead and settled in the town of Sheldon, now Wyoming County, N. Y.. which was then, however, a part of Genesee County. He married Asenath Warren, daughter of Thomas Warren and a relative of Gen. Warren of Revo- lutionary fame. Mrs. Hamilton w.is born near Rochester, N. Y.. April 10, 1799, and died in Ber- lin, Wis., in October. 1869, at the age of sevenlj' years. Her paternal greatgrandfather was born in France aud with his wife, a native of En^^iand, in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 787 which countrj' they were married, emigrated to America in 1709. They settled in Nantucket, Mass., but afterwards removed to East Lynn, where they reared a family' and spent their last days. Her father, Thomas Warren, was born in East Lynn, but subsequently settled near Roches- ter, N. Y. The family was one of high respecta- bility in that city. T(j Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton were born five chil- dren, three sons and two daughters: Alta, wife of T. D. Gale died in the summer of 1886; Joanna was twice married, being first the wife of Selim Putnam, and lastl3' of H. S. Carrier, and died about 1879; iSilas married Andena Ferry and resides in Oregon; Joseph F. married Chloe Baker and is a prominent merchant of Berlin; Thomas W., the youngest of the family is our subject. Mr. Hamil- ton Sr.. emigrated from New York to Waukegan, 111., with his family in 1840, and thence came to Berlin in the fall of 1855. He followed farming throughout his entire life, and in political senti- ment was a Whig until the organization of the Republican party, when he joined its ranks. He was an upriglit, honorable man, highly respected by all and his death, which occurred in Berlin, Oct. 20, 1888, at the advanced age of ninety-two years, was sincerely mourned. He was reared in the faith of the Baptist Church, but in later life became quite liberal in his views on the subject of religion and was not bound by an3' particular creed. He entertained broad and charitable views, free from what he termed the cant of orthodoxy. Our subject was but four years old at the time of the removal of his family to Waukegan, III. He spent his early youth on his father's farm but when thirteen years of age started out in life for himself being emploj-ed in the sale of patent medicines and notions on the road. He first visited Strong's Laniling in 1851, during one of his trips, and in 1854, purchased property at that point, but did not locate permanently until the fall of the following year. He spent many years on the road as salesman, thus forming many acquaintances, and wherever he went won friends. Mr. Hamilton has been twice married. In Wau- kau, Wis., on the 21st of March. 1857, he led to the marriage altar Miss Adelia Jeannette Hilton, who was born in Attica, AVyoming Co.. N. Y. Six children graced their union, namely : Jay. who died at the age of three years; Harley H.. who married Mattie Kinsley and is engaged in the boot and shoe trade in Berlin; Lillie, wife of J. J. Brewis of Chicago; Annie, who died at the age of thirteen j'ears; Thomas W., who is em[)loyed as salesman in his father's store, and Ardin L. who is yet in school. The mother of this family died at her home in Berlin, Dec, 2, 1880. Mr. Hamilton was again married in Spring Lake, Waushara County, on the 19th of January, 1883, when Miss Delia Metcalf became his wife. She is a native of Wauconda, Lake Co., 111., and a daughter of T. F. Metcalf Esq. Two children were born of their union, a son and daughter — Chester A. and Belle, aged respectively five and three years. In the fall of 1859, Mr. Hamilton joined his brother Joseph F., in general merchandising in Ber- lin, the firm being known under the style of J. F. and T. W. Hamilton. In February, 1864, they en- gaged in milling conjointly with the manufacture of car, wagon, sleigh and plow wood stock and lumber, the mill being situated on Willow Creek, nine miles northwest of Berlin. They also became largely interested in cranberry culture and have 960 acres of cranberry marsh and uplands, situ- ated near Necedah, Juneau County, which is owned equally by the Hamilton brothers, Horace Miner of Berlin and C. T. Baker of Necedah. A part of this marsh is improved and yields about 800 barrels of fruit per year. The supply of water and facilities for flooding are unsurpassed in the cranberry region of Wisconsin. About $12,- 000 have been expended in improvements on the property. Mr. Hamilton continued his connection with his brother in the mercantile business until 1880, when by mutual consent the3' dissolved partnership, Joseph taking as his share of the busi- ness the diy goods and grocery- stock while our subject retained the boots and shoes and mill. In connection with his other property, Mr. Hamilton has landed interests in Central Wisconsin. He is an erterprising, energetic man and has made a point of improving and constructing wagon roads centering in Berlin. He has been instrumental in building fifteen miles of road in Waushara Couuty 788 PORTRAIT AND lilOGUAPHlCAL ALBUM. which was previously uUeriy impassable. By sn- liciting subscriptions of monpy and work, together with appropriations, and devoting his lime to that interest for months, a good graded and gravel road has been secured, reacliing from Herlin fifteen miles into Wausi.ara County. In the same way he has secured the construction of two miles of gravel road in the town of Berlin and eight miles in the town of Seneca. lie is now engaged in building a road from Berlin to Wauloma. a distance of twenty- three miles, nine miles of which is completed. His efforts in the interests of im|)roved roads have been put forth during the past twenty 3'ears, and he has invested in that direction more than *4,000. He has also secured the erection of drinking foun- tains on the highways, which are a great public benefit as man}- a weary wayfarer could attest. Mr. Hamilton is independent in politics and liberal in his religious views. Socially, he is a member of Berlin Lodge, No. 38, A. F. &-A. M.; Berlin Chapter, No. 18. R. A.M. and Berlin Council, No. 10; also holds membership in Berlin Lodge, No 7, K. P. He has served two years as alderman of tlie First Ward and is now representing that ward on the Board of Count}- Supervisors. He began life for himself empty handed and without a dollar's capital, but by energetic effort and the exercise of good business ability, he has succeeded in acquiring a large property and has won a foremost place among the business men of Berlin. ILLIAM HUGHKS, one of tlie extensive Wliind-owners of Aurora Township, Wau- shara County, and Chairman of the Town Board, his home being on section 21. was born in Radnorshire, South Wales. Aug. 11, 1841. and is a son of John and Margaret (Price) Hughes, the former a native of Montgomeryshire, North Wales, the latter of Radnorshire. In the last-named county tluy were married and resided for seventeen years, when they became residents of Breconshire, where bulli passed to their final rest, the father dying in lf<.-.'> and the mother in 1884. He was a farmer by occupation, and followed thai business during the I greater part of his lire. For several years he was ] Parish Guardian, and held a number of minor oflices. Their family numbered twelve children, but only four came to this countr}-: Stephen, who died in Minnesota; Elizabeth, whodied in Madison, Wis.; Thoma>, a resident of Michigan, anil Will- iam. The subject of this sketch was reared to farm I life, and in his youth received a common-school education. He remained at home until twenty- eight years of age. when he bade good-bye to his |)aients, friends and native land and sailed for America with the hope of bettering his financial condition in the New World. His first location was in the town where he now makes his home. Soon after his arrival in Waushara County, Wis., he purchased eighty acres of land in the town of Aurora, and began farming. Afterward, however, he bought 3C() acres, constituting his present farm, disposing of his other purchase. He also owns a two-third interest in a 80-acre lra<-t in Green Lake County. He is one of the prosperous and success- ful farmers of the county, and all the more so when we take into consideration the fact that his possess- ions have been acquired by his efforts and the assistance of his estimable w-ife. He is one of the most extensive landowners in the township, and in connection with the cultivation of his land raises a good grade of stock, and is extensively engaged in dairying. He is a stockholder in and Treasurer of the Waushara Dairyman's Association. Ilis farm is furnisheil with splendid buildings, and his home is supplied with all the comforts of life. On the 23d of November. 1869, Mr. Hughes was united in marriage with Catherine Davies, who was born in Breconshire, South Wales, Aug. 16, 1836, and is a daughter of John and Catherine (Jenkins) Davies, who were also natives of the same county, and there resided until 1852, when Ihey came to America and took up their residence in Aurora Township, Waushara County. The husband and father was killed in I860 by a falling tree. He followed tlie occupation of farming throughout his entire business career, and in pt)litical sentiment was a Republican, lie held the office of Assessor of his town fur a term. His wife died in 1870. In their family were five children: John and Charles PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ■89 .T. (lied ill the town of Aurora; William J. is living in Iowa, and Margaret resides with her sister Catti- erine. 'I'o Mr. and Mrs. Hughes have been born four children: John P., who is a graduate of tlie Berlin High School; Mrytie C, Fred D. and Minnie G. The children have all received good educational advantages, and are therefore fitted to become useful and honorable members of society. Mr. Hughes casts his ballot with the Republican part}-, and in the spring of 1889 was elected Chairman of his town, the duties of which office he is now ably discharging. He is a leading farmer, and one of the representative citizens of the community, and wherever he goes wins friends. lm\ ^TTHEW SPAIN, who follows general I l\\ farming on section 2, in the town of Pack- J \k> waukee. Marquette County, is a native of ^ Ireland, and a son of Abraham and Eliza (Henshaw) Spain. His father was a native of Ire- land, born in 1777, but his people were of French descent. His parents both perished during the religious wars on tiie Emerald Isle in 1798, thus leaving him an orphan at the age of eleven years, from which lime he was forced to make his own waj' in the world. In 1822 he married Miss Hen- shaw, who was also born in Ireland but was of English and Scotch descent. In 1841 we find Mr. Spain and his family en route fur America. For nine years they resided in Canada, and in 1850 lo- cated just north of Fort Winnebago in Columbia County, Wis., where the death of Mr. Spain, the father of our subject, occurred the following year. His wife survived him manj^ years, dying at the very remarkable age of one hundred and five years. She retained both her mental and physical faculties to a wonderful degree and when ninety- five years of age walked nine miles. She died in Dakota, at the home of her youngest son, but her remains were brought back to AVisconsin for burial. Eight children, five sons and three daughters were born of the union of Blr. and Mrs. Spain and all grew to manhood and womanhood with the excep- tion of Eliza, who died at the age of four years while the family was still living in Ireland. At this writing there are five yet living: Mary, widow of James McCleary, of London, a Scotchman by birth and a civil engineer by profession: Jane, widow of Henry S. Smith, of the town of Pack- waukee; Matthew, of this sketch; Richard, who resides in Kentucky; and Abraham, who is living ill Hand County, .S. D. Those deceased are Joseph, who wiis for many years one of the prominent citi- zens of Marquette County and held all the impor- tant offices within the gift of the people of the county. At one time he was the receiver of public moneys in the United States Land Office at Stevens Point, Wis. His remains lie interred in the ceme- tery near Portage City. William, who served his country as Captain of Company D, 19th Wisconsin Infantry, for three years, was a civil engineer and a prominent attorney-at-law and leading citizen of Portage City, Wis. It so happened that he had in- curred the enmity of a number of the citizens of his town by defending one Wildrick, a hard char- acter, who had been arrested on suspicion for the murder of a Mr. Gates. The supposed murderer was hung b}' mob violence in the jail j'ard. The excitement at the time was very great and feelinf ran high. Many persons greatly condemned Mr. Spain for his defense of the prisoner. About the same time he himself was dragged through the streets of the city with a rope around his neck by a mob and brutally murdered by the instigation of one Brit, whom Mr. Spain had shot in self-defense when assaulted by that man on the street on ac- count of an old grudge which he had against Mr. Spain, growing out of some mutual army exper- ience. Working upon the feelings of those who Imd opposed the defense of Wil brick by Mr. Spain, Brit leil them to commit the terrible act of violence which resulted In the death of the brother of our subject. Many of the citizens of twenty years ago will remember the episode and the intense ex- citement which it caused at the time. Matthew Spain, the subject of this biography, was reared to farm life and remained under the parental roof until twenty-five years of ago, when he began life for himself on the farm which is still his home. The following year he was united in the holy bonds of matrimony with Miss Mary A. FDO PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Stanton, a native of England, and a daughter of n. C. and Rlioda (Wilkes) Stanton, wlio were also natives of tlie same country and acconii>anied by their family emigrated to America in I84!», settling in the town of Moundville, Marquette County. Both parents were born in 181L and are now re- si.* '^' B; APT. JOHN E. TILTON, of Hancock, Treas- urer of Waushara County, and a loyal sol- dier of the late war, was born in Franklin County, Vt., March 23, 1830, and is a son of Eben- ezer and Mary ( Foster ) Tilton. His father was born in New Hampshire in 1803, and his mother in Connecticut in 1809, but their marriage was cel- ebrated in Franklin County, Vt., where a family of two children was born unto them — Aurellia A., wife of C. E. Manzer, of Waushara County; and John, whose name heads this sketch. The father died when twenty -six years of age, and in 1845 Mrs. Tilton became the wife of Joseph Paul. Unto them were born three children, who are yet living: Sarah, wife of Ralph LaSalle, of Swanton, Vt. ; and Owen and Oscar (twins) who are also residents of Swanton. Mrs. Paul was called to her final rest in 1885, dying at a ripe old age. Our subject was but two years old when the death of his father occurred and at the early age of ten j-ears he began life for himself. In conse- quence, he received but limited educational advan- tages and those such as the district school afforded. He began working on a farm at 13 per month and continue(i his labors in that capacity until he was sixteen years old, when he went to learn the carpenter's trade. In 1853 he was united in marriage with Miss Sabina A. Manzer, native of Vermont, and the following year came with his young bride to the West. He first located in Alle- gan County, Mich., where his wife died in the spring of 1855, and after two years ca?ne to Wau- shara County, Wis., settling in Hancock, where he has since made his home. By occupation iTe is a carpenter, having served an apprenticeship to that trade when sixteen years of age. On his arrival he began to work in that line and as he thoroughly understood the business and earnestly desired to please his customers, he soon won libera' patronage and has become one of the substantial citizens of 798 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. hav( tlie community. His possessions, liowever been acquirerl entirely by his own efforts aii<^^-o♦o~ '|17 E W I .S H. W E L D O N, a re I (?S) farmer and stock-raiser of th jlLSi Plainfield, Waushara County, leprcsenlative the town of resides on section 1 I. He was born in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., May 7, IStl. and his parents were Lewis and Nancy (Keith) Weldon, the former a native of IMontreal, Canada, the latter of the Empire State. By trade his father was a l)laeksmitli, and [..!!i.wed that occupation in connection with farm- ing. With his family he settled in Walworth County, Wis., in 1846, but after there working at l;is trade for four years, removed to Lee County. 111., in 1850. After six years, however, he returned to Walworth Count}', and purchased a small farui which he sold in 1857 on his removal to Waushara Countj-, where he pre-empted land on section 19, in the town of Plainfield. After a sh.ort time he went to the vill.age and opened a blacksmith shop, but soon resumed his agricultural pursuits. That life seemed injurious to his health, and in the hope of being restored, he went on a visit to his daugliter, Mrs. Searls, where he was taken sick and died Feb. 15, 1889. He was a respected Christian gentle- man, who for many years was a member of the Baptist Church, to which his wife also belongs. Mrs. Weldon is still living, and makes her home with her children. The}' were the parents of two sons and six daughters, all of whom grew to man- hood and womanhood. Lewis H. is the eldest: Elizabeth is the wife of Orlando Rozelle, a resident farmer of the town of Plainfield; Hannah is the wife of James Rozelle. also a farmer of that town; Mary wedded Byron S. Cornwell, a farmer of Sher- idan Count}', Neb. John L. is engaged in the same pursuit in the town of Plainfield; Eliza is the wife of Absalom Iloter. a resident of Idaho: Amanda M., became the wife of Siieridan Kciinison, of Oasis; Hattie married Edgar Searls, of Plainfield. and completes the family. Lewis Weldon, of this sketch, started out in life for himself when sixteen years of age, and has since made his own way in the world. He may therefore be called a self-made man. He spent the winters in the pineries, while during the summer months he was engaged in rafting on the Wisconsin River, until the South took up arras against the Government and he went to its defense. He en- listed in August, 1861, in Company I, 7th Wiscon- sin Lifantry, for three years, and from Madison, where he mustered in the regime:>t, was sent to Washington and equipped for action. They went into camp at Capitol Hill. The command was as- signed to the 1st Brigade, 1st Army Cor[)S, in Mc- Dowell's Division. They went into winter quarters at Arlington Heights, and the following siting par- ticipated in the battle of (iainesville, where Mr. Weldon, while in the act of loading his gun, was struck in the right wrist by a ball which passed up the arm coming out just below the elbow. The suffering which he underwent during the next few days was such as few but a soldier has experienced. He lay on the l)attle-field for three days, having becoaic so weakened from the loss of blood that he could not make his escape. The burning sun beat down upon him, he had no water with which to quench his almost unendurable thirst and endured agony untold, but on the morning following his injury he was taken prisoner, and on the fourlli day his wound was dresseil. After twelve days PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 809 fif imprisonment he was paroled and sent to Gros- venor House Hospital, at Alexandria, where he was tenderly cared for until he had recovered his health. His wound was of such a serious nature tiiat it necessitated the amputation of his arm, and being tiiereby unfitted for further duly he was dis- charged Out. 3, 1862. On his return Mr. Weldon began breaking prairie and also engaged in rafting on the river until 1804, when he purchased a team of horses and followed teaming from Berlin to Wausau. He worked at various other occupations until 1869, when he went to Clay County, Iowa, and procured a homestead of 160 acres, but the grasshoppers destroyed all his crops; and he returned to Wisconsin. In 1872 he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Ingle, who was born in Marathon County, Wis., of which her father was a pioneer. Her parents spent their last days in the village of PlainBeld, and are buried in its beautiful cemetery. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Weldon — Minnie, who died when about two years old; Ward H., born Sept. 1 1, 1875; Ada May, Aug. 23,1877; Mary E., July 11, 1879; and Horace O., March 28, 1884. After his marriage Mr. Weldon went to Clark County, Wis., where, in 1875, he purchased a farm on which he made his home until 1883, when he sold out and bought eighty acres of land on sec- tion 11, in the town of Plainlield, where he has since made bis home. Although his residence in Waushara County has been of short duration, his fellow-citizens soon recognized his worth and abil- ity and made him their Town Treasurer for three years. Socially, he is a member of the G. A. R., and a stanch Republican in politics. He enjoys the high esteem of all in the neighborhood ans one of the honored pioneers of Jefferson County, arriving in Wisconsin when Milwaukee was a small village. One of liis sons and one son-in-law settled there in a very early d.ay and became prominent contractors of that cily. His family numbered eight children, six '< of whom are now living: Elizabeth, wife of Henry Syvier: Mrs. Perry; John died in Bay View, in 1880; Tamzin, became the wife of Charles Warner; James, of Jefferson County, Wis.: Harriet, wife or , Sam Ellis, of Eau Claire. Wis. ; Mary A., wife of ! Horace Clemens, station agent, of Engle, Wis.; and Betsy, wife of John Moys, of Elk Horn. Wis. In 1852, Mr. Perry removed from Jefferson County to Pine (irove. in Portage County, where he erected and operated a mill until 1857. at which time he became a resident of Waushara County. He entered eighty acres of land on section 22, in the town of Plainfield. which was still unbroken prairie, and erected a frame house, 20x40 feet, part of which is still standing. He there made his home until 1865. when he felt that he should respond to his country's call for troops, but on offering his services wiis rejected on account of disability. Shortly afterward he purchased 1 60 acres of land on section 14, in the town of Plainfield, where he still makes his home. His farm now comprises 240 acres, in addition to which he owns land in Portage and Adams Counties.the whole aggregating 500 acres. He has also gi fen a considerable amount to his children, six in number, as follows: William O., who wedded Miss Alice Walker, by whom he has two children, Orrin A. and Carrie M., is now engaged in farming on section 15, in the town of Plainfield : Norman J., wedded Adelaiile De Voe, who died in 1883, leaving one child. Lois A., who resides with her grandparents, and after- ward married Mrs. Mar^- (Stillwell) Clark; Lillian I., is the wife of Eugene .Sparks, of Fox Lake, Ramsey Co., N. Dak., by whom she has eight chil- dren — Estelle I., Armina, Minnie E., Libbie S.. Wendell P., Vernon E., Maggie and Harrison M. : Luella A., the fourth of the family married John Ilanawalt, of North l)akota,and they have three chil- dren — Guy II , Maud E. and John R.; Inez L. is at home: Frank wedded Mary Wood and has three children — Earl. Darrell and Harrell, twins. As his children have left the parental roof Mr. Perry has aided them in starting out in life, fitted them for its practical duties by good educations, and has lived to see them become useful men and women. He is one of the self-made men of Waushara County, hav- ing gained all he has by his own efforts. Never going into debt, he has defrauded no man of a doll.ar, but has been honest and upright in all his dealings, thereby winning the confidence and good will of those with whom he has come in contact. He has the interests of his county at heart, antl has la- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 811 boiert for her welfare, taking a prominent part in ir. the promotion of her worth}- enterprises. The cause of education Ims found in liiin a special friend, and for twenty-five years he served as a member of the School Board. He east his first Presidential vote for John C. Fremont, and since that time has been a warm supporter of Republican principles. « I^ILLIAM N. KliLLEY, one of the promi- \/yl "^"'' members of the bar of Waushaura VW County, was the first settler of the town of Plainfield. in which he yet resides. He is a na- tive of the Empire State, having been born in the town of Middlebury, Genesee Count}-, July 13, lH-26. His parents were Thomas and Sina R. (Ba- ker) Kelley, the former a native of Schenectady, N. Y.. the latter of Connecticut. The paternal ancestry of the subject of this notice has been traced back to Thomas O'Kelley, as the name was orijj^inally spelled, of Walerford, Ireland. Thomas Kelley, the fifth, was the first American ancestor, and his son, the grandfather of William N. was also nanicd Thomas. The maternal grandfather of our subject was Elnathau Baker, a native of Mas- sachusetts, who served as a Captain during the Revo- lutionary War in the Colonial army. The grand- mother's maiden name was Butler, and she was a relative of the famous Butler who espoused the cause of the British in the war for independence. When a lad William N. Kellej^ removed with his parents to Genesee County, which was a part of the Holland Purchase, and in 1840 the family emi- grated to Illinois, settling near Elgin. The first of the Kelley family to come to Wisconsin was Peter S., an uncle of William. He located in Wausau, where he erected or purchased a mill and engaged in lumbering. He died in Plover early in the spring of 1844, of small pox. On the death of tlieir relative, the family removed to Wausau, Mr. Kelley, Sr., having been appointed administrator of his brother's estate. His oldest son purchased the mill above mentioned, but soon afterwards sold it to our subject, who engaged in its operation until 184!». In the month of October. 1848, he came to what is now the town of Plainfield, where he made a claim and erected a house on section 24, it being the first dwelling erected in the town. He sawed the lumber for the house at his mill in Wausau, floated it down the Wisconsin Rixer to Stevens' Point, anil hauled it thence to its destination with ox-teams. On Feb. 18, 1849, he removed his father's family from Stevens' Point into the house that he had erected. There, as before stated, a claim was made and 160 acres entered when the land came into market, forty of which were owned b}' AVilliam N. Plainfield has been the home of Mr. Kelley since October, 1848, though for several seasons thereafter he was engaged in rafting lum- ber down the Wisconsin and Mississippi Rivers to St. Louis. He finally deeded the forty acres of land which he had entered to his mother, and in 1845 settled on section 26, where he improved a fine farm and made a beautiful home at which he still resides. On July 7, 1851, his father died suddenly of heart disease. The mother survived him until 1872, when she also was called home. Thomas Kelley was educated to the medical profession, which he followed before coming West, but devoted his attention to other pursuits after his arrival in Wisconsin. His health was much impaired during the last years of his life and he died at the age of fifty-seven. He was a quiet, unassuming man, highly esteemed by those who knew him, and he and his wife were faithful and devout members of the Free Will Baptist Church. Their family num- bered thirteen children, four sons and nine daugh- ters, but only four are now living: Thomas R., is a resident of Utah Territory ; William N. is the next younger, and is followed by Benjamin F. and Liianna, wife of Morris Robinson, of Neeiiah, Wis. About the year 1855 William Kelley began the study of law, and devoted such time to it as he could spare from his other duties. In 1868 he was admitted to the bar, and for the past fifteen years has given nearly bis entire attention to the practice of his |)rofession, his office being at his residence on the farm. Mr. Kelley was married Oct. 15, 1852, to Miss Ruth M. Bently, daughter of Jesse Bently, who in 1850 settled in the town of Plainfield, emigrating 812 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. to Wisconsin from bis old home in Tioga County. Pa. Two sons an^- ^^ ARDNER GREEN is a resident of Ripon, but II ^-, was one of the earliest settlers of Marquette '\yi|l County and his business interests all lie in that and Green Lake County. He is a real-estate dealer but in former years was connected with other business enterprises and by his energy ami activity has done much for the upbuilding of these counties. He was born in New Hampshire, on llic 14lh of February, 1824, and is a son of David and Mary ( Tuttle) Green. On both sides the ancestry can be traced back to the early Colonial days. Two centuries ago a Mr. Green, who was a descendant of the Pilgrim Fathers, settled on Gardner's Island near the city of New York. Becoming acquainted with the daughter of the gentleman who owned the Island, he wooed and won the lady and shortly af- terward removed with his bride to Boston. He was a typical Puritan, entertaining their narrow ideas as well as their lofty principles and was a firm l)e- liever in witchcraft. Ganlner Green, one of his de- scendants, though belonging to a later generation, was one of the merchant princes of Boston and for him our subject was named. On the maternal side the family also dates its residence in America back to the early history of our country. The great-grandfather of our subject fought for independence throughout tlie entire struggle of the Colonies during the oppression of the mother country. He left his home and family to strike a blow in the cause of freedom and en- dured all the hardships and trials incident to army life. At the close of the war he was paid in Conti- nental money, and as it was worthless he papered the walls of his bedroom with that currency, it there remaining for fortj- years as a memento of the service he rendered his native land. David Green, father of Gardner, was a farmer by occupation and followed that business during tiie greater part of his life, but in connection with that business he also engaged in lumbering and iron-making while a resident of the East. He came to Marquette County in 18.53 and purchased land, which he operated through tenants, while he made Ills home in the village, where his death occurred at the age of fifty-seven 3ears. He was buried in tlie cemetery adjoining Marquette and two years later his wife was laid by the side of her husband. Their familj- numbered four children, of whom Gardner is the eldest. David M.. the second, is a resident of Oshkosh; Cynthia died in Wilkesbarre. Pa.; and .Jessie T. resides in Ellis Park, Chicago. In the common scliools of his native Stale Gardner Green acquired his education and under the paren- tal roof he was reared to manhood, remaining with his parents until twent3--four years of .age. In 1848 he determined to seek his fortune in the West, be- lieving that it furnished better opportunities for young men than the older and more densely popu- lated States of the East. In company with his brother. David, he boarded a lake steamer at Buf- falo, N. v., and on arriving at Milwaukee came direct to Marquette County, with the business in- terests of which he has since been closel}' identi- fied. Shortlj' after his arrival he built a ware- house, 40x60 feet, with the intention of handling all the wheat raised in the count}'. His idea was to ship by water down Fox River to Green Bay and thence to Buffalo. For this purpose he built a steamboat, but, failing to get a water way, he disposed of the boat. He and his brother, who was his partner in the business, then built smaller boats and dealt in produce .and lumber, hauling their freight by barge.>< to Oshkosh, whence they sliippe. His widow is still living. They were parents of eight children, si.x of wliom are now living, viz.: Jane tiie wife of Roikwell Griftin; Thomas, a farmer; David, also farming; Mrs. (iarner next in order; Ellen, who wedded Horace Garner; and Isabelle, who is now the wife of William Jenkins, of Kingston. J"' AMES A. BRIGGS, who resides on section I 31, in the town of Douglas, Marquette County, is a native of .Madison County, \t.. horn Marcii 7, 1836, and is of English, Scotch and Welsh descent. His father, Alexander Ellis Briggs, was the first male child born in the town of ILague, N. Y., and was named in honor of Alex Ellis, who had offered lOO.icresof land to the person whose advent into tlie world should thus mark the early history of that town. He received the property so offered, thus being the youngest and one of the most extensive landed proprietors of that section. He was an uncle of Hon. Ansel Briggs, ex Governor of Iowa, who was born July 26, 1800, of Scotch and English parentage. At the age of thirteen years, he went to Vermont and on the 27th of October. 1826. wedded Miss Mary Ormshee. whose nephew, Ebenezer J. Ormsbce, was once (Jovernor of Vermont. Mrs. Briggs was born in llie town of Shoreham, Addison Co., Vt.. May 22, 1799. and died April 4, 187;'). By her marriage she be- came the mother of seven ciiildren, but three died in infancy. In 1 850, Mr. Briggs emigrated to Wis- consin, settling near the present site of Briggsville when the country w.is one vast wilderness. After making some preparations for a home, he was joined the following year by his wife and chil- dren, their family being one of the first to settle in that section of the county. Their only neighbor was Jonathan Butterfield, who.sc arrival antedated them only a short time. In connection with Aaron Town. Mr. Briggs iiurchased land of Mr. Butterlielil. taking for his interest of the proiiortj the water power. His improvement of the same resulted in the formation of the beautiful sheet of water known as Mason's Lake, the hanks of which are dotted with many happy homes, constituting the village of Briggsville, which was named in honor of Mr. Briggs. His first business adventure was in the manufacture of lumber, but after two years he added the gristmill, now known as the Eagle Mill, and until 18C0, gave his undivided at- tention to that business. It then became the property of his son. James A. In early life Mr. Briggs was a Whig, but has aftiliated with the Re- pulilican party since its organization. He never .aspired to public office but owing to his ability and prominence was often solicited to become a candi- date. Socially, he was a member of the Masonic fraternity. Neither he nor his wife were nieml>ers of an^- Church, but were believers in the Uuiver- salist doctrine. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a native of Taunton, Mass., but in an early day re- moved to New York, locating in Hague, whence he went to Ticonderoga, where he died in 1824. He served in the War of Independence under the im- mediate command of Gen. Washington. His wife was born in Taunton. ]Mass., in October, 1770, and died in Shoreham, Mass., at the age of ninety-one years. She was a member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church. The matornal grandparents of our subject was natives of the Green Mountain State and there spent their entire lives. James A. Briggs remained in the State of his nativity until sixteen years of age, during which time he received his early training at the district schools, but completed his education in the High School of Portage. Wis., where he pursued a three years' course. The first business in which he en- gaged was in assisting his father in the mill, and until the death of the parents he remained under the parental roof. He thcH took charge of the mill and during the long period of eighteen years carried on business in th.it line with marked success. Failing health, however, caused him to resort to other occupations and he repaired to his facpi, of 160 aeics, in the town of Douglas, where he now resides. Tlie same energ}' and activity displaj'ed while engaged in milling have characterized his career as a farmer and he takes rank amoiiL; the leading agriculturalists of the county. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 819 Mr. Briggs was joined in wedlock with Miss Ellen F. Gay. a native of the town of Randolph, Orange Co., Vt., and the birth of six children has blessed their union: Nellie, who died at the age of tliree years; James pjllis, vvho is in the auditor's office of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Rail- road Company, in Milwaukee; Abbie E., who be- came the wife of Daniel Tears, an employe of Galliot ife Loomis of Portage City, Wis.; Robey E. is attending school at Portage City; Jolm G., who died at the age of nine years; and Willie O. at home. Mrs. Briggs has also been called to her final rest. For many years she was a consistent mera- lier of the I'niversalist Church and was greatly esteemed b\' all. Mr. Briggs was again married April 23, 1880, his second union being with Mrs. Maggie (Curtis) Sherman of Sandusky, Oliio. In politics, our subject is a Republican and has held the offices of Township Clerk and Constable. In 1870, he was nominated for the State Senator- ship and though unsuccessful made a brilliant can vass. His defeat was on account of a division in the party brought about by the location to he deter- mined for the Milwaukee & Grand Raj/ids Railroad. He has always been held in high esteem by those of his own party and has tlie regard of his politi- cal opponents. The respect in which he is held by both parties is such that at the time of his election to the office of Township Clerk, he received all the votes cast, there being about sixty Democratic voters. He is a member of Briggsvillo Lodge. No. 255, I. O. O. F. and has filled the chair of Noble Grand and been Representative to the Grand Lodge. Mr. and Mrs. Briggs are earnest workers in the Universalist Church and command the respect and confidence of all who know them. -#-#— _^ UGUSTUS L. PALMER, one of the entei l^yji prising farmers and leading citizens of the /// li town of Br,ooklyn, residing on section 7. ^/ belongs to a family of English descent. The original founder in America settled in the country prior to tiie Revolutionary' War. The grandfather of our subject, Jonathan Palmer, was born ill Hartford. Conn., Jan. 20, 1773, and in early life learned the painter's trade, whicli he followed for a number of years, but afterward engaged in farming. He married Lydia Bunnell, who was born Dec. 22, 1777. in Connecticut, and they be- came parents of three cliildren. Both lived to an advanced age and died in the town of Brooklyn, Green Lake County. The wife departed this life on the 8th of January, 1851, at the age of seventy- eight years; the husband died Feb. 28, 1855. at the age of eighty-two years. The maternal grandfather of our subject was Commodore Ilobart Rogers, who for many years was employed on a vessel trading on the Chesapeake Bay between Baltimore and Philadelphia. lie there won his title of Commodore. He married Beulah Warner by whom he had nine cliildren. Commodore Hobart Rogers was born in Connect icut, and there his marriage with Beulah Warner took place. He was then engaged in farming. After the birth of two children they removed to Delaware Country, N. Y., and subsequently removed to Otsego County, where he engaged in lumbering and mill- ing. The death of his wife occurred about 1 825. He afterward married, but his second wife lived only about a year. After the death of his second wife he again turned his attention to lumbering and trading on the Chesapeake Bay. After follow- ing that occupation for several years he died at Baltimore. Of that family of nine children, Mrs. Palmer, the mother of our subject, is the onl.y one living at this writing (1889). Elias Palmer, the father of our suliject, was horn in Hartford, Conn.. Aug. 18, 1799, and when a child accompanied his parents to New York, where he was reared to manhood, and formed the acquaint- ance of Miss Harriet Rogers, whose hand lie sought in marriage. Their union was celebrated in Del- aware County in 1825. Having removed to Os- wego County, N. Y., they made their home in that community until 1836, when following the course of human emigration, which was steadily flowing westward, they landed in Milwaukee, Wis. They were among the first settlers of the State, and what is now one of the leading cities was then but a mere h.amlet. After a year they went from Mil- waukee to \\'aukesba County, where the succeeding ten years of their lives were passed, when, in 1847, 820 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. they came to Green Lake County. Their only neighbors at that time were the Pottawatomie In- dians with the exception of three wliitc settlers, whose homes were twenty miles distant. In his early life Mr. Palmer had followed the sea for fourteen years, but he now gave his attention to farming, in which enterprise lie was very success- ful. His duties of course took him greatly from home, but his wife was a courageous woman, and though she knew that no one was near to whom she could call for aid in case the Indians molested her, she showed no fear. Atone time an Indian came to the cabin and asked her for several articles, at the same time toying with the butcher knife. She told him she could not spare what he wanted, where- upon he became saucy. Annoyed beyond endur- ance, she sei/.pd the old long-handled shovel and in less time than it takes to record it the Indian had left. By the united efforts of husband and wife tliey accumulated a comfortable property, though they were in limited circumstances at the time of their arrival in the county. Mr. Palmer was num- bered among the prominent and influential citizens of the community, and bore no inconsiderable part in the work of upbuilding an I progress. lie helped to blaze the trees which indicated to the traveler the road between St. Marie and Stevens' Point, and did all in his power to promote the interests of town and county. In early life he was a Whig, but afterward he supportefl the Republican party. He died in tlie faith of the Methodist Church, of which he was a consistent member, Nov. 14, 1883, and his death was deeply mourned by many friends. His wife, who was born Dec. 21, 1806, is still liv- ing, and retains both her mental faculties and phy- sical powers to a remarKahle degree. They were parents of eleven children, but only five are now living, four sons an faithful. '■jtp^ LI B. CHAP.M.\N, who is numbered among \]^ the pioneer settlers of Wisconsin and is the /1l^ father of the editor of the Plainjipld Sun. was born in the town of Ashford, Windham Co., Conn., on the 26th of -Vugust, 1S21. He attended district school until fourteen years of age, in his na- tive lown, and from that time until he came to Wis- consin in 184-1, was a student at .\sliford Academy, Conn., High School at Holleslon, Mass., Smilhville Institute in Rhode Island and Plaiufield Academy in Connecticut, with the exception of two j'cars spent in teaching district school. His early life was spent in his native .State, but in the fall of 1844, when a young man of twenty-three years he emigrated to the Territory of Wisconsin. A few years later, on the 1st of January. 1848, he was united in marriage with Miss Deborah .S. Ilewes, who w.os born in the town of Hampden, Penobs- cotl Co., Me., Dec. 4, 182!(, and came to Wisconsin in April. I.s4(>. Tlicir wedding was celebrated in Beaver Dam, Dodge Co., the Rev. Mr, Montgomery PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 823 performing the c'eramoii}'. They were the parents of six children: Frederick E., born in 1848, at Beaver Dam, Wis., and married to Ilattie Hiibbs, at Oasis, Wis., in May, 187.5; Lewis W., born Feb. 2, 1851, at Appleton, Wis., and married to Maggie K. Lewis, at Montello, May 20, 187.5 : Alice M., born Deo. 18, 1853, at Montello, and married to Herbert E. Moors, at Lone Pine, Sept. 18, 1877; Ida M.,born Feb. 12, 1856, at Montello, and died .Inly 12, 1858; Frances E., born Sept. 29, 1859, at Montello; Ed- gar H., bom June 20, 1862, at Montello; Cora Maude, born July 30, 1869, at Montello. Mr. Chapman first located in Milwaukee after his arrival in the West and soon obtained a situation as clerk in a store owned by a Mr. Sweet, but after a few months he engaged with AValdron & Stim*)- son, merchants of Watertown, Wis, to goto Beaver Dam and there open a branch store. That city was then but a mere hamlet, containing but one frame house, a frame gristmill and about a dozen log cabins. After about a j-ear spent in Beaver Dam, he returned to the Pjast, but the following spring again came to Wisconsin and engaged in the mercantile business for himself as a partner of C. S. Snow. The i)artnership not proving profitable or agreeable, the connection was dissolved by mu- tual consent and our subject turned his attention to farming, purchasing land on English Prairie some few miles west of Beaver Dam. For two or three years the fever and ague raged terribly in that locality. The wheat crop was also a failure and in consequence time^ were very hard. AVheat that was raised l)rought only about fifty cents per bushel, and had to be hauled all the way to Milwau- kee in wagons over almost impassible roads. Often a week or ten days was consumed in making the trip .and in order to save any money at all from his sales, the farmer would have to take with him food for the journey and sleep under his w.agon at night. It was not until several years later that railroads were built, thus affording easy and rapid transportation. This is but a sample of the man}' hardships and trials that were endured by the pion- eers, yet Mr. Chapman in speaking of that period of his life, says that he never passed a more enjoy- able time than the few years spent in and ne;ir Beaver D.ini. Then the people were not dividvd into classes of rich and poor or aristocrats and ple- beians, but all were on the same social footing. Hospitality such as is now unknown characterized those pioneer settlers and the social intercourse would cause wonder among many people of to-day. The winter time was a season of festivities. Sleigh rides, parties, dances, junkets and social gatherings called the people together. A notice would be given out that a dance would be held at a certain place. No tickets were printed or special invitations is- sued but every one was invited. A four horse team would be hitched to a wagon bed placed upon runners and the young people would crowd in and laughing and singing '• we wont go home till morn- ing," they would dash along over the frozen ground until the place of entertainment w.as reached, when they would spend hours in the liveliest manner and it was often almost morning before the pleasure- seekers would return home. The bar-room of old Brown's log tavern was the scene of many a pleas- ant evening. Gathered around a huge fire-place, the time was spent in playing games, telling stories, re- lating hunting adventures and cracking jokes; no drunkenness or fighting, but all social, kind and neighborly. Those iLiys will never be forgotten by the participants. Another means of amuse- ment were the house raisings and husking bees. The written law in such communities was not extensive, but the people were banded together in su|)port of what was ri;i;ht and the men of the set- tlement formed a court when any act was com- mitted contrary to justice. An incident which occurred in those early days will serve to illustrate the manner in which an offender met punishment. At one time a stranger appealed in the settlement stating that he wished to make a home in the com- munity. He met with most courteous treatment from all, was shown by the settlers the most favor- able locations and in every possible way he was made to feel that he would be welcome. He boarded with a neighbor of Mr. Chapman, who through sickness and ill luck was unable to pay for his farm when the time of pre-emption had ex- pired. The stranger becoming acquainted with the fact went at once to the land oflice and deeded the farm. When his action became known to the set- tlers, they were so incensed that a raeetini; was 824 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. called !in.'nnsylvania and a daughter of Stepiien and Hannah Richards, both of whom are now liv- ing. By their union were born two children — Herbert, now a student of the Commercial College at Oskosh, Wis.; and Harry M., at home. The mother departed this life June 9, 1886, on the twentieth anniversary of her marriage. She was a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and won a large circle of friends by her many excellencies of character. Mr. Greenfield was again married May 27, 1887, his second union being with Alice M. Gregg, a native of Wisconsin, and they have one chdd, Leon D. In 1877, Mr. Greenfield purchased his present farm of 120 acres on section 30, town of Flainfielil, where he has since made his home. He has been an active participant in the many great changes which have taken place in this county since 1856, and is recognized as one of the useful and progress- ive citizens of the community. .Socially, he is a member of tlie G. A. R., and in politics is a Re- publican. «-?^^ (i^^HEODORE S. CHIFMAN. County Superin- {(^^^ tendent of schools of Waushara County, ^^^y who resides on section 5, in the town of Warren, is a native of Michigan. He was born in Southfield, April 24, 1839, and is of English and German extraction. His father was William Fitch Chipraan and his grandfather was Dr. Cyrus Chip- man. The family wes founded in America by emigrants who crossed the Atlantic in the -Ma}'- flower." Dr. Chipman was a native of Vermont, but during his early manhood removed to Detroit, Mich., where he engaged in practice until his death. He had several brothers, viz.: Nathaniel, Lemuel, Darius, .Samuel and Daniel, who were prominently connected with the early history of Vermont. Na- thaniel and Daniel were both eminent attorneys, the former being the author of "Principles of Gov- ernment," while Daniel was the author of "Chip- man on Contracts" and "Lives of Chittenden and Warner." The Doctor became one of the prominent physicians of Michigan. His wife was Miss Annie Fitch, daughter of Hon. William Fitch, of Vermont. The maternal grandfather of our subject. Orange Stoddard, was a native of New York, and his great- grandfather served as Brigadier General in the War of Independence. William Fitch Chipman, the father of our sub- ject, was born in Ontario County, N. Y., and when twelve years of age accompanied his parents to Detroit, Mich. After arriving at years of maturity he embarked in the grocery business, which lie continued until 1847. when he went to Milwaukee, Wis., and for two yeais, during the winter seasons, engaged with the firm of Miller & Cushman. grain brokers. He devoted his time in the summer months to the agency of various steamboat lines. On the 24th of April, 1849. he removed to Berlin then a small hamlet on the Fox River, knoivni, 826 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Strong's i^niidiiig. and from tliattirac until the 9tli of Miiy following, assisted in opening a road through the forest from Berlin to Wautoma, whieii is called the south road to Wautoraa, and is the l)rincii)al thoroughfare to that i)laee. Changing his occupation, on the 9lh of May, 1849. he I'C- moved with his familj' to Warren Township, Wau- shara County, and entered a tract of 160 acres of land on section 5. It was the first claim made between Willow Creek and Waupaca. He there settled wiien the country was only inhabited by the wilv Indians, the Winnebagoes and Menonionees, and amid the toil and many privations incident to the eaily settling of a new country, he lived the life of a farmer, his efforts being crowned with prosperity, until 1868, when he removed to Berlin, where the succeeding twenty- years of liis life were passed. Returning to the old homesteail, he there spent the remainder of his days in peace and quiet, dying in January, 1889, at the residence of his son, Leroy W. Mr. Chipman was alw.iys aggressive in political matters, affiliating with the Republican party from its organization. In 1856, he repre- sented in the Lower House of the Legislature, the district composed of Marquette, Green Lake and Waushara Counties, being the first elected to thai office from the last named county, and was the au- thor of the bill granting a charter to the city of Berlin, lie also served as Justice of the Peace and was Supervisor of his township for many years. The wife of William Fitch Chipman was in her maidenhood Miss Betsy Stoddard, a granddaughter of Gei). Orange Stoddard. She was a native of Br,)i r.ie County, N. Y., and by their union were born tliree sons and a daughter — Theodore S., Al- bion K., Leroy W. and Amelia B. In the si)ring of 1862, Albion enlisted in the 32nd Wisconsin In- fantry, as a member of Company C. but was after- wards transferred to another company of the same regiment. He was killed in April, 1865, at Rivers Bridges, during Sherman's advance from Atlanta, Ga., to Richmond, Va. Leroy W. enlisted in Com- pany l,of the 11th Wisconsin Regiment, on the 1st of October, 1861, and in the spring of 1.864, was transferred to the 23d Wisconsin Infantry, with which regiment he participated in the Red River campaign, after which he again became a member of the 11th Wisconsin, with which he remained until his discharge at Madison. Jan. 7, 1865. He participated in the battles of Port Gibson, Jackson, Champion Hills, Big Black River, siege of Vicks- burgs, siege of Jackson, the battle of Sabine Cross Rocds and Cone River. Amelia B., who married Frank M. Wood, was the first white child born in Waushara County, and was the only daughter of the family. On the 24th of April. 1849. Theodore Chipman, whose name heads this sketch, accompanied his pa- rents to Waushara County and shared with them the hardships and privations of pioneer life, in the meantime acquiring sufficient education to teach school. He W.1S not permitted to attend the public school to anj' great extent, but " burning the mid- night i)il" he would peruse the text books until he had fitted himself for the profession above men- tioned. At the age of eighteen, he taught his first school in the Centerville district and in his twenty- first j'ear he entered the Berlin High School, which he attended two years. Before he had completed his course, the war broke out and he laid aside Iris books to enter the army, enlisting in October, 1861, as a member of Company I. lUh Wisconsin Infan- try. Shortly' afterward, he was promoted to the rank of Corporal, and after the charge osi A'icksburg was made First .Sergeant on account of bravery displayed. In the spring of 1864, he was trans- ferred to the 23d Wisconsin Infantry-, and soon af- terward apiiointed to the United States Free Milit^iry School at Philadelphia, where he soon completed the course and then went before the board of examiners at Washington, of which Gen. Silas Ciisey was President, and passed a successful examination for First Lieutenant. He immediatley afterward joined his first com()any and w.as de- tailed recorder for a general Court Martial of his commauil, in which capacity he continued to serve until Oct. 17, 1864. He was discharged at Madi- son, Jan. 17, 1S(;5, but on the loth of March fol- lowing re-enlisted in the 52nd Regiment, remaining in camp until .\pril 5, when he was commissioned First Lieutenant of the 8th United States Colored Heavy Artillery. He joined the regiment at Pa- dueah. Ky., from which point he accompanied his command to Washington, D. C, taking part in the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. fuueral services of President Lincoln. From there he transferred his troops bj' the wa}- of Riciimond to City Point, where he was stationed until July 1, when lie joined Sheridan's expedition to Texas, re- maining in that State until Feb. 10, 1866, when he was ordered to Louisville, Ky., and with his regiment was honorably discharged on the 13lh of March, 1866, having served his country for four years and a half. He was severely injured by a fall from the upper deck on an ocean steamer while doing guard duty at Cape Lookout and from the effects of the fall has never recovered. He participated in the battles of Port Gibson, Jackson, Champion Hills. Big Black River, siege of Vieksburg. siege of Jackson, Ft. Esperanza, Sa- bine Cross Roads and several other minor engage- ments and skirmishes. Returning to his home in Waushara County, Mr. Chipman taught school for a brief period and in 1867. was appointed County Superintendent by John G. McJlinn, Slate Superintendent of Public Instruction, to fill a vacancy caused by the resigna- tion of John Austin, but was previously elected for a full term and such was the general satisfac- tion that he was re-elected for four successive terms. From 1875 until 1887 he devoted his time to his farm and school duties. He was again ap- pointed County Superintendent to fill the unex- pired term of Eugene Monroe, and in 1 888 was once mere elected to the office that he had so creditably filled in former years and is the present incumbent. He has been Township Clerk since 1869 and for six years was Justice of the Peace. In politics he is a Republican but conservative in his views. On the 11th of November, 1871, he was united in marriage with Miss Adeline Borst, a native of Schoharie County, N. Y., and adanghter of Daniel and Lavina (Bice) Borst, both of whom were na- ti »'es of Schoharie County, N. Y. Of their union were born four children — Altie B., Grace, Ray W. and Earl F.. all are living. Mr. Chipman owns a farm of 180 acres, ninety of which is suitable for agricultural purposes, the remainder being adapted to stock-raising. He is a member of Wautoma Lodge, No. 148, A. F. & A. M.; is Commander of p:dwin Saxe Post, No. 135, G. A. R., and since 1873, has been Secretary of the Old Settlers' Society of this county, which was organized Jan. 28, 1871. Mr. Chipman is purely a self-educated and self- made man. During his early life his father's re- sources were such that he was compelled to remain on the farm, thus depriving him of the advantage of instruction except a few months in the district schools, but by close and continued application to his books with inflexible will and a firm determina- tion to excel, he has succeeded in becoming one of the best educators in Central Wisconsin. He is a profound thinker, a logical reasoner and a man of whose citizenship any community of our country might well be proud. His residence in this county has been of longer duration than any of its citizens, and the Chipman family has been so prominently identified with its history that this record would be incomplete without this sketch though brief it may be. WILLIAM BANNERMAN, who is a mana- ger and also one of the principal stock- holders of the Berlin Granite Company, was born in Inverury, Scotland, on the 11th of December, 1842, and is descended from an illustri- ous family of that country. The name Banner- man was first used as a family name after the battle of Bannockburn. The progenitors of the family were standard bearers in the array of the Scottish King, and at the aforesaid battle were stationed on a hill in the rear of the troops. When the columns began to break and victory- seemed doubtful, they rushed to the front, shouting and waving their colors. The enemy, seeing them rnsiiing on, thought re-enforcements had arrived and gave way. Thus the noble men won the name which has descended through generation after gen- eration. Robert and Agnes (McNicoI) Bannerman, the parents of our subject, were both natives of Scot- land, the birth of the former having occurred in the Northern part of that country, while the latter was born in Inverury. The father was Superinten- dent of granite quarries for many years and built a number of the most important light-houses along tlie coast of Scotland. His death occurred at the age of seventy years, while the maternal grand- 828 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. father of our subject lived to the advaucetl age of one huiulrefl years. Kleveii children were born to Robert and Agnes Bannerman, but only two are living in this country: William and John, the lat- ter, being also a stockholder in the Berlin Granite Company. Our subject received a good education in his na- tive land, but had to walk four miles to the school house. After his elementary studies were com- pleted, he spent some time in the study of that Ijninch of mathematics which applies to the measurement of masonry. He worked at stone-cut- ting and also was his father's book-keeper until nineteen years of age. when lie began business for himself. He had become so familiar with quarry- ing that on the sickness of his father he was en- abled to, discharge the duties of superintendent of a quarry for a year to the complete satisfaction of Ihe company. He first left his native land in 18G(). wiien he went to Russia, where he was employed in getting out the stone used in paving the streets of Odessa. On his return to Scotland, i\Ir. Bannerman was united in marriage March 25, 1870, with Catherine C. Tliackery,daughterof William and Ann (Ewing) Thackery. Her father was a native of England but when a young man went to Scotland, where he was married. He was a weaver by trade and in his .adopted country became identified with a large manufacturing establis'araent. Eleven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Th.ackery. seven sons and four daughters, but onlj- two are residents of t'.ie United States: George, who is a member of the Berlin Granite Company; and Mrs. Bannerman. who was born in Aberdeen County, Scotland, .Ian. U, 1851. In 1871. ^Ir. Bannerman came with his wife ti> America, and remained in Massachusetts for ;i short time previous to coming West. After work- ing for sometime in Chicago, III., and Montello, Wis., he opened the I'tley Granite quarry for the Green Lake Granite Company, and occupied the position of Superintendent for two years. In 1 885, he was employed by the Wisconsin Granite Com- pany to open a quarry at Berlin and was Superin tendent of it for two seasons. Through his instru- mentality, the Berlin Gran'te .Company of whicli he is now Superintendent was organized in 1887. and its property is steadily increasing in value. This company has a splendid quarry of dark granite at Berlin, where are employed about forty men and an excellent red granite quarr}- situated about eleven miles northwest of the city. Through his judicious and able management those quarries have yielded a good income to the stockholders of the company. With railroad facilities, the red granite quarries above mentioned arc certain to become very valuable. Eight children have been born unto Jlr. and Mrs. Bannerman. namely: William T.. Robert C, Agnes C. Mary A.. Catherine C. George, Charles R. and Ann E.. who died at the age of one year. Mr. Bannerman is one of the valued citizens of the communit}-. as well in social as in business cir- cles. Both he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church and take an active part in the advancement of its interests. Whatever tends to the upbuilding of the community and the increase of morality, he gives his heartiest sui)port. He is President of the Y. M. C. A. of Berlin and is a man of charitable and benevolent impulses, though his many acts of kindness are performed without ostentation or displ.ay. He hiis allied himself with no political party but is pronounced in his views as a supporter of free trade principles and civil ser- vice reform. Green Lake County' has no more loyal citizen th.an William Bannerman, nor one who feels more interest in her free institutions, yet he retains a deep and abiding love for Scotland as the lanil of his birth, and has eleven times visited that country, while his family has five times accom- panied him. EiZRA A. PARKER, who resides on section 24. in the town of Brooklyn, has been an tj honored resident of Green Lake County since 1846. and. with the exception of three years spent in Dartford, has during all that time made his home upon the farm where he now lives. He was horn in Ashtabula County, Ohio, Sept. 10. lf<2.5. and is descended from Revolutionary stock, both his paternal and maternal grandfathers hav- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 829 ing aided in obtaining American independence. Tlie branch of the Parker family to which he be- longs is not very large. His grandfather Parker was an only son, and his father was an only son. His grandfather was a New York merchant, but when tiie Revolutionary War broke out he left his business to strike a blow for iiis country's free- dom. He was severely wounded, but recovered and lived to the ripe old age of eighty years, dy- ing in the Buckeye State. The maternal grandfather of our subject, Col. Richard Jones, was born in England, but at an earl}' da}' came to America, and as a British sol- dier took part in the French and Indian War. When Lexington was fired upon, and the cry "to arms" was heard throughout the countrj', he es- poused the Colonial cause, and rose to the rank of colonel. He, too, settled in New York, where he reared a large family. He died at the advanced age of ninety years. .Tared Parker, father of our subject, was born in the Empire State, June 11, 1780, and in his youth learned the carpenter's trade, at which he became an expert workman. As a contractor and builder his entire life was passed, his last work being the construction of a bridge across the Sus- quehanna River. He served for a short time in the War of 1812, and lived long enough after its close to entitle him to a pension, but he never applied for one. He was married on the 1st of January. 1807, to Miss Betsy Jones, who was born at Peeks kill. New York, Sept. 19, 1787. They left the East in 1823, and removed to Ashtabula Count}-, Ohio, where they passed their declining years. Both were members of the Methodist Ei)iscopal Church, and they reared their family in accordance with Bible teachings, early impressing upon their minds lessons of honesty, industry and upright- ness. The family numbered nine children, seven sons and two daughters, four of whom are yet liv- ing, three sons and one daughter. The father died Sept. 20, 1852, the mother surviving until 1870, when she was also called home. Our subject was liberally educated in his youth, his elementary education, acquired in the common schools, being supplemented by a course in the col- lege at Meadville, Pa., which he attended foi a year and a half. When about eighteen years of age, he went to work in a blacksmith's shop owned by his brother, working for about a year, when he en- tered college, as above stated. Attracted by the West, of which he had heard such favorable re- ports, we find him, in 1844, en route for Wiscon- sin. He first stopped for a short time in Milwaukee, and thence went to Beaver Dam, coming to Green Lake County in 1846. He earned his first money in this coucty by breaking sod with an ox-team on the old William Sherwood place. Many an acre of raw prairie land has been first upturned l)y his plow, and he also assisted in sawing the first log in the old Dart mill. He operated the first horse- power threshing machine used in this section of the country, and has been identified with the work of improvement and development continuously since. Entertaining progressive ideas, he always keeps abreast of the times, and has borne no inconsider- able part in the advancement of all that pertains to the ubuilding of town and county. Mr. Parker, on the 11th of December, 1849, married Miss Sarah S. McGlashan, who was born in Cattaraugus County, N. Y., Nov. 11, 1830. Her parents were Robert P. and Sarah (Holmes) Mc- Glashan, the former a native of Auburn, N. Y., born in 1785, the latter born in 1800, near Salis- bury, Conn. He was a teacher by profession, but afterward abandoned that pursuit and engaged in farming. With his family, he came to Beaver Dam, Wis., in 1845, his death occurring in that city some six years later. His wife survived him until 1877. They were both believers in the Uni- versalist faith, and in political sentiment he wm a Democrat. Nine of their twelve children lived to mature years. Upon their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Parker settled upon the farm where they are now living, and wiih the exception of three years spent in Dartford, have resided there continuously since. Laboring long and diligently. Mr. Parker has aciuired a handsome property, his landed possessions aggre- gating 606 acres, the greater part of which is under a high state of cultivation. Fair and honest in all his dealings, he has won the confidence and high regard of those with whom business or social relations have brought him in contact, and is 830 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. known to all as a respected citizen. He cast his first Presidential vote for Cass, and from that time up to the present has never wavered in his allegi- ance to the Democratic party. He has held the office of Assessor for three terms in the town of Brooklyn, was Supervisor for one term, and has served on the school board almost continuously since tiie district was organized. He was Chairman of the erst board, and llie first school was convened upon his farm. Sociall}'. he is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Mr. and Mrs. Parker are the parents of seven children: Lillie; J. R., who married Rosanna Brooks, and has two children: William E.; Frank Iv, who wedded Eva Elliott, and has two children; lorae D.. wife of Lyman Fitch, by whom she has three children; Jennie M. and E. F. They have all received good school advantages, and are thereby fitted for the practical duties of life. In October, 1864. Mr. Parker enlisted in the 47th Wisconsin Infantry, and was assigned to Company I. He served until the close of the war, and was mustered out .at Xa.shville, Tenn., Sept. 6. 1865. The brigade was under command of Dudley, and much of the titne was doing guard duty. Mr. Parker served for a time as regimental hospital steward, and was transferred from that to the commissary department, when he was put on detaciicd duty. While in the service he contracted chronic diarrlKca, from which he has suffered very greatly since. EZRA T. WHITING, who is eng.aged in the livery business at Dartford and also has a 'bus line, is a native of Green Lake County. He was the first white male child born in the town of St. Marie, his birth occurring on the 13th of Octo ber, 1849. He is a son of Joel and Lucy (Ama- dou) Whiting. The ancestry is tr.aced in direct line to Nathaniel Whiting, who was one of the first settlers of Dedham. Mass., whose history dates al- most from the begmning of American colonization. He was of English birth Init decided to cast his lot with those who had come to find homes in the New World. In 1643 he married Hannah D wight, and unto them were born fourteen children. The line of direct descent is through Samuel.son of Nathaniel Whiting, Josiah. Caleb, Timothy. Joel to Ezra T. Samuel Whiting, in 1676, married Sarah Metcalf. and had five children; Josiah, son of Samuel, mar- ried Elizabeth Grant, and they became the parents of four children, one of whom, Caleb M.. wedded Hannah Sibley, who bore him four children. After ber death he married a Miss Southworth, and three children were born unto them; Timothj-. a son of the second marriage, chose for a companion Dorcas Fairbanks, and unto them were born nine children, one of whom, became the wife of Elder Warren and Ellis Whiting, early settlers of Fond du Lac County, Wis. Another member of that family was Joel Whit- ing, father of our subject, who w.as born in Wor- cester County. Mass.. on the 20th of September. 1800. When about nineteen years of age. he left hi.s childhood home and removed to Erie. N. Y.. where he resided until 1836, when he emigrated to Northern Indiana, locating on Terecopia Prairie. Eleven years were there passed, when in 1847. he came to Green Lake County settling in the town of St. Marie, where he turned the first furrow. He was in very limited circumstances at the time of his arrival, but by hard labor, energy and persever- ance, combined with the rise in the value of land, at the time of his death he had a comfortable com • petencey and was the owner of 320 acres of fine land. He was thrice married, and by his first union were born three children. After the death of his first wife he married Mrs. Lucy Barrett dpi- Ama don. who had also been previously married, and was the mother of two children. But one child was born of the second marriage, Ezra D., whose name heads this sketch. After the death of Mrs. Lucy Whiting, which occurred about 1866, he he- came the husband of a Mrs. Nichols, who was a member of one of the pioneer families of the county. She survived her husband several years. In political senlimeut. Mr. Whiting was a Repub- lican, and in religious faith a Friend or Quaker. His wife held membership in the Wesleyan Meth- odist Church. Ezra T. Whiting, our subject, has passed his en- tire life in the count3- where he was born. He was PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 831 reared to agricultural pursuits, and passed his early life in the usual manner of farmer lads. He ac- quired his education in the district schools of the neighborhood and remained under the parental roof until both father and mother had been called home. The earlier years of his manhood were spent as a farmer, he engaging in that business un- til 1883, when he abandoned the occupation to emliark in his present line of work. In that year he came to Dartford, purchasing tiie livery barn of wliich he has since been proprietor. He keeps on hand three omnibuses and a good line of carriages, and does a flourishing business as a liveryman. In addition to that business he is also owner of a res- taurant. Courteous in manner and always accom- dating, he receives a liberal patronage and is ranked among tlie leading business men of the town. In political sentiment, he is a Republican and takes a deep interest in the success of the part}'. [IL ON. ALANSON M. KIMBALL. To at- Ijlji! tain prominence in the business and politi- l4W^' cal world, requires the closest application of (^ all the forces inherent and acquired with which man is equipped. To attain even an aver- age standing in any of the pursuits or vocations of life requires an exertion of no mean order, but to launch out in a career embodying the gravest cares in various and distinct lines in life, and suc- cessfully make one's way to the front, attaining success in every undertaking and prominence in raost of them, affords the happiest illustration conceivable of what a man can accomplish where human action is involved. The embodiment of the essential forces necessary to an ideal career, such as is presented in the life of our subject, is by no means general among men — hence it follows that these fc)rces are inherent and hereditary, else the more universal success of men in the affairs of life. In this connection heredity discloses the principal source whence came those predominant character- istics that mark Mr. Kimball's strong personality, gives reason to his methods, and success as a natural sequence to his efforts. He comes from a rugged race, noted for longevity and most excellent habits — conditions and traits which have been fully in- herited through a long line of progenitors to the present generation. Mr. Kimball was born in the town of Buxton, York Co., Me., March 12. 1827. His parents, Daniel and Sallie (Lowell) Kimball, were natives of the Pine Tree State. The father was born and reared in Buxton, where he also received a good education. In 1825 he entered upon a mer- cantile career in his native town, where for thirty years he carried on an important and successful business. In 1855 he removed to Berlin, Wis., where his death occurred three years later. His wife, who was born in Bridgeton, Me., in 1800, died in 1838. A son and three daughters were born of their marriage, all yet living, as follows: Alanson Mellen Kimball, Julia Augusta .Silsu, Sarali Emeline Peirce. and Mary Ellen Kimball. The subject of this sketch acquired such educa- tion in his early youth as the schools of his native town afforded, and subsequently took a course of study in Kent Hill Seminary, which was supple- mented b}' two terms' attendance atGorliam Acad- emy, which, in the main, constituted all the advantages which he enjoyed for acquiring a lite- rary education. In those d.ays college curriculums were composed of practical studies, omitting the classics and many sciences. After leaving school Alanson entered his father's store at Kimball's Corners, where the more practical and important part of his business education, which in afterlife contributed so much to his success, was acquired. A part of his time was spent on his father's farm, where he gained a thorough knowledge of agricul- ture in all its branches. He was inured to hard labor, but it proved an excellent training school, preparing him for the battles of life. From the age of sixteen years until he left the parental roof, he did the greater part of his father's buying. In the summer of 1850 he was employed as traveling salesman by Cowan & Co., manufacturers of pumjjs at .Seneca Falls, N. Y., and the following year em- barked in business for himself, handling the same line of goods through agents whom he employed. In the enterprise he was successful, and accumu- lated some capital. In 1852, in Buxton, Me., Mr. Kimball was united 832 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. in marriage with Miss Fiances Abigail Waterman, daughter of William Waterman, and in October of the same 3'cai he brought his young bride to Wis- consin, locating in Berlin. One of his first busi- ness ventures in the West was in the line of real estate, and shoitly after his arrival he was also em- ployed a.s clerk and general manager in the general merchandise store of Perley G. Chase. In 1854 he bought a stock of goods and began business for himself in Centerville, one mile south of the pres- ent site of Pine River, but that now flourishing village then h.id no existence. A year later he re- moved to Pine River and opened the first store at that place, where he was personally interested in merchandising for many years, and is still con- nected with the business, which is now conducted by his son Charles. He also owned and operated a large farm in that vicinity which received his per- sonal supervision until a few years since, when he placed its management in the hands of his son. Mr. Kimball has not only been prominently con- nected with business circles and the upbuilding of the best interests of the community, but has also borne an important part in political affairs. In earl3' life he was a Free-Soil Democrat, but after the formation of the Republican party he became an ardent supporter of its principles, and has re- mained a faithful adherent to this day. In 18U2 he was honored by an election to the State Senate, representing .Tuneau, Adams and Wauslnra Counties. In 1874 he was elected to the United States Con- gress to represent the Sixth Congressional District, and in 1884 was a delegate to the National Con- vention that nominated for the Presidency, James G. Blaine, of whom he was a warm personal friend and great admirer. His political record is one of wliich his political friends and constituents may well be proud. With the best interests of the peo- ])le at heart, he labored for their welfare and won the high personal regard of all with wliom lie came in contact. In 188:? Mr. Kimball entered 4.800 acres of tim- bered land in Ashland County, Wis. Three years later he built a large sawmill, and established the post village of Kimball, in the town of Ashland, Ashland County, on the line of the Milwaukee. Lake Shore and Western Railroad, where he docs a large business in manufacturing lumber. In Au- gust, 1887, a destructive fire swept away his mill, and with it many thousands of feet of lumber, en- tailing a heavy loss. Ho at once rebuilt the mill, and is still engaged in business with his son-in-law, Charles R. Clark. Two children have been born of liie union of Mr. and Mrs. Kimball, a son and a daughter: 1 Ella A., born .lune 29, 18,03, is the wife of Charles H. (lark, a leading business man of Ashland County'; and Charles, whose sketch appears else- [ where in this work. I Socially, Mr. Kimball is a member of the Masonic I fraternity, belonging to Pine River Lodge, No. j 207, A. F. & A. M., Berlin Chapter, R. A. M., and I Berlin Commandery, K. T. He is an adherent of the Congregational Church, of which his wife is a j member. Mr. Kimball is sagacious, enterprising and successful in business, well-preserved, social and temi)erate. He has ahv.ays taken a lively in- terest in local enterprises of a worthy character, giving liberally, not only from his abundant means, but his moral support. Studious in habit, he is a ripe scholar, a gentleman by instinct and culture, and enjo^'S as he deserves the unqualified respect and esteem of his fellow-citizens. ^KRDIXAXD T. YAHU. It is with great pleasure that we record this sketch, as our subject is not onl}' one of the most promi- nent business men of the community but is also one of the early .settlers of Green Lake County. His residence is in Princeton, where for many j'ears he has been numbered among the leading citizens. On the 17th of December, 1834, in Germany, he was born to Ernst and Caroline (Baker) Yalir. who were also natives of the same country. By oc- cupation, his father was a manufacturer of prints, and followed that business in the fatherland until 1849, when with his family he came to America, locating in Watertown. Wis., where he purchased a farm. After residing there for some fifteen years, he sold his land and removed to Hustisford. where the remainder of his life was passed. Again pur- chasing a farm of 160 acres, he engaged in its PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 833 cultivation until called to his final rest in 1885. He was buried in the cemetery near that place. His wife iiad died many years previously, liaving been called homo in 184.5, before the emigration of the family to America. That worthy couple were par- ents of six children, but two of whom are now living: Ernst, who resides in Watertown, AVis., and P'erdinand, the subject of this sketch. Ernst Yahr Sr.. was twice married, Henrietta Diesel becoming his wife in 1849. The family born of that union numbered eight children. We now come to the personal historj' of Ferdi- nand Yahr. Until fifteen years of age he resided under the parental roof and in the common schools received his education, but at that age he left home to earn his own livelihood. He may truly be called a self made man. Embarking upon hi^ business career as a salesman, he continued to serve in that capacity for three years, during which time his wages amounted to $150. It will be rememliered that the family had ere this become residents of Wisconsin, and in 1853, our subject went to Ber- lin, this State, where for eighteen months he was employed in a distillery. He next served as an apprentice to the blacksmith's trade for one year and later secured a position as cook on a tug boat used in conveying logs to different places on the upper Fox River. During the summer of 1857. he was thus employed but when autumn came he again went to Berlin, where for one year lie worked at the trade of blacksrailhing, after which he re- moved to Waupun, in 1858, following the same occupation at that place for two years. Once more he again returned to Berlin, but after engaging in blaeksmithing at that place for nine months he came to Princeton, where he still makes bis home, being numbered among the honored residents of that city. During the time spent in Waupun, by industry and economy Mr. Valir had accumulated $700, but this sum he had left witli various farmers of the community. On his marriage he determined to collect it, but on doing so found that it was all State money, and from the entire amount only realized $280. Joining his funds with those of his wife, $350, he deposited the money in the bank at Berlin, but not long afterward that institution failed and he lost all. Again he was forced to begin life anew. His reverses^were hard to bear but he determined to retrieve his lost possessions and with undaunted energy pressed forward. He se- cured employment at the blacksmith's trade with August Thiel of Princeton with whom he remained for two years, receiving at first but ten shillings per day, but in a short time his wages were ad- vanced to $2 per day. At the end of that time, in the summer of 1863, he embarked in business for himself, forming a partnership with G. Schaal. They had been in business but about seven weeks when on the 29th of November they received official notice that they were both drafted into the United States service. This unexpected turn in events placed them in an embarrassing situation. They had no other alternative but to join the Union Amy or pay to the Government a commu- tation fee of $300 each. They then decided to sell out their entire stock, pay the Government fee of $300 each and with the balance pay their creditors in full. This being done Mr. Yahr was left fully worse off in a financial sense than he had been at any time previously. Though to him these were try- ing and discouraging times, they proved to be the proverbial "darkest- hour just before day," for about this time his fortunes took;a change for the better. He struggled on in business in a small way for about eight months when he returned to his old employer, continuing with him until 1866, when he formed a partnership with August Swanke. The sun of prosperity was now] beginning to shine upon Mr. Yahr. The firm of Yahr & Swanke engaged in the manufacture of wagons for one year, after which the connection was discontinued for one year and our subject returned to his old trade and employer, receiving $1,000 per year as a compensation for his labors. At the expiration of a twelvemonth, however, he abandoned that oc- cupation, embarking in other lines of business. He opened an agricultural store and in connection with that business, engaged in buying wheat for other parties during three years. In 1871 the Sheboygan i\r Fond du Lac Railroad was completed to Prince- ton, and opened for traffic. Mr. Yahr was one of the prime movers in this enterprise, and its assured success was due in a great measure to bis influence and energy. At this time he engaged in buying 834 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and shipping grain on his own account. His finan- cial resources were now greatl}' increased and lie also engaged as a lumber dealer. In 1874, be pur- chased the hardware store'of II. '_H. Hopkins and the following year erected a brick building, 30x70 feet, and two stories in height, to which he removed his stock. In 1875, he also turned his attention to the banking business in which he is 'still interested. The bank was originally j][establishc'd' with four stockholders, under the firm name of Yahr, Thomp- son & Co. In 1877 Mr. Yahr commenced buying out his partners in this enterprise, and in 1882 be- came sole proprietor of the banking business, and has since conducted it with marked success. In the same year, 1882, he bought his [jartner's interest in the hardware business, and still does a large and profitable trade. The banking institution is one of the leading monej-ed concerns of the county, and is one in which the people place the utmost re- liance. The owner is a careful and sagacious busi- ness man of iiiUch ability and in his relations both in public and private life has won the respect and high regard of all with whom he has come in con- tact. On the 29th of April. 181)1, Mr. Yahr was united in marriage with Amelia C. Schaal and unto them were born ten children, seven of whom are yet living: William, the eldest, is engaged in mer- chandising in Huron. Dak.; Kugene F. occupies the position of cashier in liis father's bank; Ferdinand Ernst is now pursuing his studies in Watertown College; Carrie E., Amelia V., Mabel and Alma are still with their parents. The beautiful home of the Yahr family, situated on the bank of the Fox River, is one of the most pleasant in the county. It was erected in 1883, at a cost of ^\6.- 000 and is palatial in its appointments and sur- roundings. The well kept lawns and the taste- fully furnished mansion all indicate the refinement and culture of the owners, who rank among (ireen Lake County's honored citizens. Mr. Yahr has been prominently identified with the development and progress of this community, aud for ft luimber of years served as a member of the County Board. In his ^social relations he is a Mason and stands high in the order, being a mein- lur :FIELD, who resides on scttion SO in the town of I'lainfield. is one of the enterprising and influential farmers of Waushara County. He was born on the 2d of May, 1846, in Cayuga County. N. Y., and is descended from old Puritan stock. His parents were Caleb and Lidia Greenfield. His father is a farmer by occupation and is now living in Holt County, Neb., but his mother died while the family were _vet residents of New York. Of their four children, three are now living: Daniel W.. is a farmer of Greele}' County, Neb.; John W., of this sketch; and Mrs. Maiy Carpenter. In 1853 Caleb Greenfield emigrated to W3'ocena, AVis., where he carried on blacksmithing until 1856, at which time he became a resident of Plainfield. He entered the army as a member of the 37th Wisconsin Infantrj-, with which he remained until the battle of Peters- burg, during wliic^h he was wounded. Being dis- al)led for further duty he was honorably discharged and returned to Plainfield, where he carried on farming for some time. He afterwards carried on hotel keeping in Wautoma and Plainfield, but in 1883 removed to Holt Countj, Neb. He still owns the Plainfield House, and during his residence in that village was accounted one of its leading citizens. Our subject was but seven _\ cars of .age when with his family he left his native State and came to Wisconsin. He received his education in the Plain- field schools and remained under the parental roof until seventeen jears of age, when in March, 1864, he enlisted for the war and was assigned to Com- liany D, of the 37lli Wisconsin Infantij-. lie joined the regiment in Madison, whence it was ordered to Washington and then marched to the front. With his command he participated in the battle of Cold Harbor and the siege of Petersburg, where our subject, by a fall, was disabled for further duty on the field. He was sent to the hospital and thence to Washington, where he joined the lOtli Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps, of which he remained a member until the close of the war. He was en- gaged in patrol duty in Washington. D. C, at the time of the assassination of President Lincoln. It seemed scarcely an instant ere the news had swept over the city and in fifteen minutes the troops were out and read}- for duly. Mr. Greenfield was one of the escorts who went with the remains from the White House to the capitol. On the 27Hi of Jul}', 1865. he was honorably discharged having served his country for a year and a half. Returning to Waushara County, Mr. tireenfield PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. embarkerl in farming whioh he has since followed. He was married on the 9th of June, 186G, to Miss Emily S. Richards, a native of Pennsylvania, and a daughter of Stephen and Hannah Richards. Iiotli of whom are still living. Two children were horn unto them, Herbert and Harry M., the former a student in the Commercial College of Oshkosh. Tlie mother, who was a consistent member of the Methodist Episco[ial Church, died June 9, 1886. Mr. Greenfield was again married May 29, 1887, his second union being with Alice M. Gragg, a na- tive of Wisconsin, and a daughter of Hiram and Salley J. Gragg, and to them have been born one child, Leon B., who was born Aug. 3, 1888. Our subject purchased his present farm of 120 acres in 1877. His fields are well tilled, he raises a good grade of stock, has all the latest improved machinery and keeps on hand everything necessary to a model farm. He is a member of the G. A. R. Post, of Hancock, and in political sentiment is a Republican. ^^EORGE W. jonx.soN f|[ (— - ing farmers and dair_^ '''^^ County. His present N'.SON is one of the lead- liry men of Waushara home is situated on section 13, in the town of Marion, where he owns 240 acres of valuable land, highly cultivated and Curnished with all the necessary buildings and im- provements. He was born in Oxford County, Me., Nov. 22, 1833, and is the son of Elijah and Lucy (Goddard) Johnson, the former a native of Bridgeton, Me., born in 1800, the latter born in Lancaster, Worcester Co., Mass., in the same year. The'r marriage was celebrated in the latter State, and unto them were born four children — Dr. Henry married Iluldah Rose, and is engaged in tho prac- tice of his profession in Berlin, Wis ; Maria, who became the wife of Lyman K. Moore, and died in Knoxville, 111.; Geo'-ge W., of this sketch; and Frances, who married Randolph (Uenn and died near Vieksburg, Miss., in 1857. Elijah Johnson and his wife emigrated to the | West in 1854, and made their first settlement in Mercer County, 111., where they continued to re- pidc for about four years, at the end of wliich time | they removed to Oneida, Knox County, where the succeeding twelve years of their lives were spent. They passed their last days in Waushara (bounty. Both have gone to their final rest, the death of the father having occurred April 12, 1881. The mother died Jan. 26, 1883. Mr. Johnson was a man of prominence and his influence in behalf of right and justice was felt in every community where he made his home. In his political afHliations he was a Democrat. The early life of our subject was jjassed in much the usual manner in which boys, whose families are in moderate circumstances, spend their time. He received such educational advantages as the com- mon schools afforded and when twenty-one years of age accompanied his parents to the AVest. la Knox County, III., he was united in marriage, in 1869, with Miss Carrie Camp, daughter of Charles Camp, the founder of Oneida and one of the hon- ored and prominent citizens of that community. They resided in Illinois until 1865, when they took up their residence in Waushara County, where thej' have since made their home. Their family numbers five children, four sons and a daughter, namely: Addie, Charles, Erwin, Fred and Frank. Charles F. Camp was married to Wcltha Wilson, Jan. 7, 1828, in Oneida County, X. Y.; the former was born Ai)ril 10, 1807, and died June 3, 1859; the latter was born June 26, 1806, and died Feb. 27,1884. Unto them were born seven children: George D. married N.Burt; Anna M., who became the wife of II. Powell; Iletta G. married C. Powell; Frances J. married E. H. Belknap; Samuel J. mar- ried L. Searls; Cornelia A. became the wife of T. V. LaTourette, and died in Denver, Col., June 14, 1886; Carrie L. married George W. Johnson. As before stated, Mr. Johnson is the owner of a fine farm of 240 acres in the town of Marion, and in connection with the cultivation of his land is extensively engaged in dairying, being quite suc- cessful in both lines of business. Few men are more widely or favorably known in the community than he. and his upright life has secured him many friends. His fellow citizens appreciating his worth and ability have called upon him to serve in various official capacities. He was town Clerk for the period of seven years, was also Supervisor 850 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and in Ibe Aurora Fire Insurance Companj- of which he is a charter member, he has held the of- fice of Treasurer since its organization, with the ex- ception of one terra. He was also Master of the Grange and was an honored member of the Good Templars society. Inlike his father he supports the Republican party and is one of its warm advo- cates. OWEN PRITCHARD.one of tlie leading farm- ers of Green Lake County, residing on sec- tion 27, Manchester Township, is a native of Wales. He was bfrn in the month of January, 1846, and is a son of William and Laura (Hughes) I'ritehard, whose famil3- numbered six children, three of wliom are now living. One child died while the family were residents of Wales, the other two dying after the emigration to America, David at the age of twenty-one years, ans and difli- culties such as are incident to i)ioneer life. At length a log cabin w.as completed, it being situated within a few rods of where now stands the com- fortable home of our subject. Mr. Pritchard had already enti red sixty .acres of land and shortly af- terward purchased ninety acres adjoining, his f.u in then comprising 150 acres. It was indeed no small task to transform that wild and uncultivated tract i lo one of great fertility, but with untiring zeal the father labored on until his work was accom- plished. His hope of procuring homes for his chil- 1 dren was also fulfilled. He lived to see them all I comfortablj' settled in life, knowing that they had I become useful and valued citizens of the commu- I nities in which they resided. Henry wedded Sarah I Roberts, and is now engaged in farming in the town of Randolph, Columbia Co., Wis. Richard is also a prosperous farmer of the same community and of Owen we will speak hereafter. Success at- tended the efforts of Mr. Pritchard and when called from this life he w.as the owner of 230 acres of land which was highly cultivated and improved. He died in 1881, at the ripe old age of seventy- seven. He was a member of the Calvinistic Meth- odist Episcopal Church, to which his wife, who still survives him and is now making her home with our subject, also belongs. The subject of this sketch has passed almost his entire life in Green Lake County. He was but a b.abe when his parents emigrated to America and amid the scenes of this then wild and uncultivated region he was reared to manhood, receiving his ed- ucation in the district schools. When he h.ad attained his majority' he was united in marriage with Miss Laura Howell, their union being cele- brated in 1882. The lady is a native of this county, and to them have been born three children — Howell, Helen A. and David. Mr. Pritchard several years prior to his father's death took charge of the old home farm. He is now the proud possessor of 220 acres, comprising one of the best farms in the county. His home is com- plete in all its arrangements. The stock which he raises, including horses, cattle, hogsand sliee|) is of good grades and his broad acres all under a high state of cultivation indicate his thrift and enter- prise. He takes a deep interest in all public affairs ] and is well informed on the leading issues of the d.ny, both political anrues