89^ aWOfJAf^.. -^>T-B00'^ # ^^ p°^ ^ °^ ^^^^^ ,^ ^^^' ^4iC&\^^ .^ .' r^ r^ ^ '^^^^nj^^ C ^<^ ^ ^^ a^ O,. K <. ■o.v " %.,# /^ ^ s^ .^G' > „ ^ * o . ^ s^ %.<^'' ^s ^. <. ^^<^a'- t '"*^^oot^r.°'/^:'*'">%--.<^: V J&\ "S-o* 0" %,* , •,. ^'p THE WAX WORKER'S TEXT-BOOK PLATE YI. EOSE AND BUD, ^' THE WAX WORKER'S TEXT-BOOK. BY ALBERT B. SMITH. Wf^h §mticnl illttHimtion^. FIRST EDITION. mA^J)-^ _^^A11 portions of this book are protected by copyright, any infringement will be promptly prosecuted. ^7 3. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by ALBERT B. SJIITH, in the Office of the Librarian of Congreaa at Washington, D. C; To THE Wax Workers of America to xchom The Tribute of this dedication is felt \o be equally due — In virtue of their acknowledged proficiency in the Art, is this work ^■ Respectfully Inscribed, DIPLOMA Awarded by the American Institute to SARAH M. SMITH, FOR WAX FLOWERS AND FOLIAGE, Exhibition of i873» P. A. P. Barnard, Pres. John E. Gavit, Roc. See. feamuel D. Tillman, Cor. Sec. New York, Nov. 15th, 1873, This was the only Diploma awarded to the Wax Flower and Foliage Department, there being sixteen com- petitors, it is conclusive that our work is far superior to any other. TESTIMONIAL I have examined the Wax Worhers Text-Book, and consider it, hy far, the most comprehensive u-ork on Wax Flowers that I have seen, TJiis Kew Method is so simple: and the practical details relating to Moulds, Tools, Wax, &c. are minutely given, Tlie beginner is progressively led from the elements to the most difficult flowers. Especial attention is paid to the materials, &c. vsedin making the handsomest bouquet. Great care has heen taken to describe this New Method as clearly as words icill allow, and many excellent cuts illustrate the stdiject. Julius F. van Meerbeke. CONTENTS, PBErACE, XV GENERAL INSTEUCIIOXS, . . . 21 INTRODUCTOEY, 28 LESSON I. — WHITE WATEE-LILY, . . 32 11. — ROSE AND BUD, . . .39 III. — CASIELLIA JAPONICA, . . 47 IV. — MORNING GLORY, . . .52 Y. — LILY OF THE YALLEY, . 56 VI. — DARK CLOVE TINK, . . 59 VII. — TU-BEROSE, ... 62 VIII. — FUCHSIA, . . . .65 IX. — SWEET PEA, ... 68 X. — AUTUMN AND GREEN LEAYES, 73 LIST OF MATERIALS, . . . . .76 PKEFACE. The need of a thorough book of instructions upon the subject of wax flowers in our New Method of making them, has induced the author of this work to undertake the task of furnishing to the artistic (and more especially to those who have the desh^e to become pro- ficient in the beautiful art) a thorough in- structive and readable work on the subject, which will be in reality '* The Wax-workers' Text-Book," and an authority which may be rehed upon as correct. During the short time we had in which to prepare this work we were afforded an oppor- tunity of examining a number of works, both American and English, upon the art of mak- xvi Frefdce. ing "Wax Elov/ers and Foliage by the old method, and, if we had not j^reviously known the necessity for an authority and a correct instruction book of the art, we certainly would have felt it after reading those books, which ■v^re evidently written by persons entirely un- acquainted with the subject, with only one or two exceptions. The author of this work is well acquainted with the art of making Wax Flowers and Foliage, and believes this New Method is the only reliable and accurate sys- tem which can be taught. We are induced to say this not from a feel- ing of conceit, but to assure the novice that, by close attention to the instructions with the various designs accompanying them, they may become proficient artists in a very short time. Many have acquired the art in tlie- short time of three hours ; we have taught it successfully in New York to hundreds of pupils in this time. This new method which we propose to de- scribe is in as clear and concise language as can be used, and many useful hints are given Trefojce, xvii which will be of infinite benefit in learning them. The nse to which this art may be applied are manifold, as objects of art, studies for museums, as aids to the sculptor, the painter, and designer ; and for all interior decorative purposes they are admirably adapted, and will, when their uses are better known, be more extensively used. "We present also to our readers several pages of " Beautiful Poems," in the perusal of which we ask the indulgence of our pupils. Perhaps, during the cold and dreamy nights that are about to come upon us, seated by the warm fireside indulging in the beautiful art, the pupil may find subject for thought in the work ; or, when leisure hours find us at our summer resorts on the mountains or at the sea-shore, whiling away the golden moments, the " Poetry of Life" may not be inapropos. If we have " left undone those things which we ought to have done," the reader is re- minded of the short space of time in which we were obliged to prepare the work, and we hope our derelictions will be overlooked. xviii Preface. We liave spared neither labor nor expense to make tlie work attractive as well as in- structive, and we sincerely hope we have succeeded in our efforts ; and the rapid suc- cess, and consequent good spirit of our reader, will be a reward dearer to us than any other which it is in the power of humanity to bestow. Ifeio York City, 1874. PLATE I. No. 1. No. 2. No. 3. No. 4. No. 5. GENERAL INSTEUCTIONS. *' Flowers are the brightest things which earth On her broad bosom loves to cherish ; Gay they appear as children 's mirth, Like fading dreams of hope they perish." As we have promised our readers, in this New Method of making wax flowers, to write in as clear and concise language as possible, we will commence the chapter with a correct list of material that is required, and be as brief as possible. In the first place, we must let our pupil know that in making our New Method we use very little sheet wax. It is only necessary to use sheet wax for the green leaves, calyxes, Pond Lily centres, and a small portion may be used in covering the stem wire so as to give it a more natural look. What we use is the ordinary melted cake wax, which can be had at any paint or drug • 22 General Instructions. store. It is necessary to have a lamp to melt the wax. We manufacture a very nice lamp suitable for the purpose, and a great many other requirements, such as heating curling irons and crimpers, or used in cases of sick- ness. It is a neat tin lamp with two burners, aad burns alcohol. We also m.ake a one- burner lamp, but it requires twice the time in melting the wax. The next articles that are required in this New Method are a few tin cups, say four or five. These cups may be had at any tin store, at the cost of about five or six cents each. After having your lamp all ready with your cups clean, you may take from one to one and a half cakes of wax, break it small, and XDut in the cup over the lamp. The wax, when melted, becomes a beau- tiful white, and it is not necessary to put any color in the cuj), as your white wax is ready for use. Be very careful that you do not let the wax boil. It is only necessary to have the wax melted, for, should you get too much heat, so as to boil, the wax would spoil. To General Instructions. 23 avoid letting your wax get too liot, you may take the cup off the lamp, but, as soon as the was becomes thick or cool, it must again be returned. The next color most necessary to j)lace in your cup would be a beautiful cup of Eose- colored wax, for Eoses, N'ext in order, a cup of YeUow-colored wax, for Tea Eoses and other requirements, which will be explained in another chapter. Make also a cup of green wax, for Eose cup3 and several other purposes. The other colors are used dry with a small brush or the finger. The f ollowiag colors are dry : — Orange Chrome, Chrome Green, Eose Madder, Chrome Yellow, Prussian Blue, Carmine, No. 40, French Purple, Burnt Umber, and Silver White. These colors are all in small bottles, and put up expressly for wax-work. To make any color of the above in wax, mix a small portion of the color you require in the clear wax — take, on the average, a quarter of a bottle to three-quarters of a cupfuU of wax. • 24 General Instructions. If a smaller quantity is desired, diminish, tlie portions, and you may mix as little as you choose. Silver White gives a beautiful azure to the Prussian blue, and may be used to advantage to make all other colors lighter. To darken any color, you can mix a small Quantity of Burnt Umber. Every flower must have a stem, consequently you use the pre- pared stem wire which is expressly made for that purpose. They come in small ounce packages, already covered with a green paper. This is very desirable, as, a coating of warm wax on the paper, it is all ready for use. That wire which is not already covered with paper, you may cover it with a small strip of green sheet wax. A little practice in this will soon make you perfect. Stamens is the name given to the fine centres that grow in the Fuchsias, Morning Glories, etc. They can be bought in different colors. "We use but five or six varieties in our flowers. Spool wire maybe had of difterent sizes. It is useful for the stems of Green and Autumn leaves ; it is covered with green silk or cotton, just as you wish it. Should the pupil not generally un- General Instructions, 25 derstand any part of this New Method, we will only be too happy to explam practically at our Studio. At the end of this book we will give the reader a precise hst of articles used in making wax flowers; the expense of the materials used being so Uttle that it becomes within the I each of everybody. The New Method is so simple that a child can learn. Careful atten- tion is requested of all pupils at the list, as we will supply the best quality of everything used, and at a much lower price than can be purchased elsewhere. PLATE II. No. 6. No. 7. No. No. 9. INTKODUCTOKY. Flowers, the sole luxury that Nature knew, In Eden's pure and guiltless garden." It is necessary to introduce to the Pupil the nine moulds which are used in thisNewMethod. You will see on Plates I and II the fac-simile used. Seven are made of Plaster of Paris and two of wood. We have patented all with our new flexible wire spring handles, which makes a desired improvement of the former moulds. No. 1 is the Morning Glory mould. " 2 is the Carnation or Clove Pink mould. " 3 is the Lily of the Yalley mould. " 4 and 5 are for making Roses and Buds. ,. " 6 is the Fuchsia and Tuberose mould. " 7, 8 and 9 are moulds used in making the Pond or "Water Lily and Passion Flower. Introductory, 29 All of the above moulds must, before being, used, be placed in a cup of cold water and remain there about five minutes ; and when they are not in use be careful not to leave them in the water any longer, as they will be- come soft. Always dip your moulds in v/ater before you dip in the hot wax, and moisten the hand with water to prevent the wax from adhering. The manner in moulding all our flowers is simply to dip the mould in the hot wax, and taking it out instantly. In making a flower, take, for instance, the smallest Rose mould. No. 4, dip it into the hot wax, and in taking it out instantly, you hold it to one side, so that the drop of wax which would other- wise remain on the middle of the leaf, falls to the end of ifc. You then place it on the palm of your left hand, moistened with water, and with a gentle shde upwards, towards the thumb, the wax will remain to the hand apart from the mould. You need have no fear of the wax burning the hand, as it becomes cool after leaving the lamp. Plate III, No. 16, gives the student a beautiful illustration of taking the wax off the mould. This makes a 30 Ifiiroductory, splendid leaf Avitbout the use of the scissors. Always bear in njiDd that it is necessary to dip the moulds in water before yon dip in the hot wax ; also, be careful not to let the water drop in the wax. No. 7, 8 and 9 moulds are used the same way. Always be careful to turn them on the end in taking them out of the hot wax. See that the drop falls to the bottom, so you will have no imperfection in the leaf. No. 1, the Morning Glory mould, is dipped in the wax the same as the others, only that it is taken out perpendicularly, so that the drop of wax remains at the tip point of the mould. In removing the wax from the mould, take the wire handle in 3'our right hand, gen- tly press the wax with the thumb and first two fingers of the left hand, and with a small movement and slight press, the w^ax will readily come from the mould. See Plate lY, No. 17. A little practice in removing the w^ax from the moulds will soon make the pu- pil perfect. To make a pretty Morniug Glory, do not dip your mould too deep. The Carna- Inirodnctorij. 31 tion or Clove Pink and Lily of tlio Valley are used exactly as the Morning Glory mould. But you must dip the full length of the mould for the Carnation and Pink. Use your own judgment in making these flowers, as practice only makes perfect in these two. A small dip is only required for the Lily of The Valley. No. G mould is dipped the same as Nos. 4 and 5, only be more careful in dij^ping, do not go too deep, as it wiU make a bad edge on the leaf. LESSON I. THE WATEK-LILY. Put forth such blaze of beauty as translates To dullest hearts their dialect of love." TPIE WATER-LILY. Theee are a great variety of these beautiful flowers — all charming in form and color, and all of Yvdiich may Le imitated with great ex- actness. The common Lily of our rivers and ponds I shall choose for this lesson, as being the best known, and of which a natural speci- men may be easily obtained at the proper season. To make this beautiful flower, you first pre- pare your stem-wire ; take the largest one you have, as it requires a stout stem, cover it with small strips of sheet-wax, being careful not to let the space or seam be seen ; if you have any melted green Avax, it would be well to The Water-Lily. 33 take a small camel-hair brush and run over the stem ; this will seal all the seams and make it look more natural ; place your crook in the top part of jour stem wire, cover- ing it with wax to make a bulb for a founda- tion to work upon. Do not forget this, as it is quite essential; this prevents the petals from slipping upward in adhering them to- gether. To make the centre of the Lily, you take the orange and yellow sheet v/ax. Take an ordinary sheet of orange-colored wax cut through the centre lengthways ; you then place it in your left hand, and with a scissors cut strips as shown in Plate Y, Figure 13. After this, j)incli the points together, making them somewhat rounding, to look like the natural. You now place it upon the stem ; adhering it with that part not cut, press it gently upon the bulb ; now cut your yellow wax as shown in Figure 14 ; press this also on the outside of the orange wax. If the bulb or centre, as now made, should look too stiif, you can take the stem in your right hand and gently, vrith the palm of the left, press down 34 The Water-Lihj. on tlie top of tiie centre ; this will give it a more graceful and easy look. Now, to form the first row of petals, you take Mould No. 7 by the handle and dip it lightly into the hot melted white wax ; take it out instantly and hold one end up, so the snfall drop of wax that always is upon the bottom of the mould, fall to the smallest end. See that you do not dip too deep, as the deeper you dip, the larger the leaf. Make about nine leaves around the first row ; on the next, place about the same amount, bemg careful that you get them on a little higher than the yellow centre ; on the third row, dip your mould a little deeper, making the leaf longer. Never make a new leaf until you are sure that the leaf is thoroughly tight to the centre on the stem. Always remember that wdiere you have left the drop of wax, adhere it. After this is complete, you next take the second size mould, v/hich is No. 9 ; make as many petals as will go around and cover the space, being always careful to let the drop of wax run to the smallest end of the mould ; The Water-Uly. 35 make anotlier row the same. Now make as many leaves from tlio same mould, No. 9, as v/ill go around ; let the drop run to the small end, the same as the previous leaves. For the Calyx, the larger mould is used. Make four petals — di]3 liist into the white and instantly after into tne green v/ax, which must be ready for use. >>ow take a small quantity of Burnt Umbei and rub it on the outside of the four leaves, making the Calyx. The same color may be used on the Pond Lily Leaf. In making the Bud, you form the centre the same as the full-blown Lily Make about two rows of the smallest leaves, next follow with the largest ; make one row only. You are now ready to put on the Ca- lyx or outside leaves. Dip the mould first into the white wax, after, into the green, the same as for the Lily ; bring them together, almost, at the top, so the yellow centre will show but a trifle. Use the Burnt Umber the same as you did on the other Calyx. Instructions for making the leaf will be found in Lesson X. WATEK-LILY. ffhere's a spring in the woods by my sunny home, Afar from the dark sea's tossing foam ; Oh ! the fall of that fountain is sweet to hear As a song from tho shore to the sailor's ear ; And the sparMe which up to the sun it thrown Through the feathery fern and olive houghs, And the gleam on its path as it steals away Into deeper shades from th3 sultry day ; And the large water-lilies that o'er its bed Their jDearly leaves to the soft light spread, — These haunt me. I dream of that bright spring's flow; i thirst for its rill like a wounded roe. Hemaks. LESSON 11. THE ROSE AND BUD. Tlie blushing rose that hangs its head, Or meets the sua with shrinking dread, Conceals within its heart a flame Which from that glowing noontide came. . THE ROSE AND BUD. This elegant and beautiful flower is very easily made by our New Method. The student need only follow our instructions, and the task will be easily accomplished. In the first place : you take an ordinary stem wire, make a small crook on the end, cover the stem part with green sheet w^ax, the same as we mentioned in our previous lesson. The crook is neces- sary to prevent the rose-leaves from slipping in pressing them together. Now take your 40 The Bose and Bud. Mould No. 4 — this is the smallest. Dip it into the wax, and so make ^a small rose-leaf. You now place the leaf upon the end ; in so doing you place the large stem, w^iich is covered with green wax making a small bulb in your left hand, holding it near the crook, which is covered, and place the leaf uj)on that part of the stem. Being careful to stick on the stem that part of the leaf where the drop of wax is, and you will find that the wax is so thoroughly adhesive that it requires but to press it gently on the stem to make it stick well. "When you have your leaf thus placed upon the stem, you must take and close it by rolling it around the stem, in order to give a more natural shape to the flower. Much of that desirable shape is obtained by the. use of the best of modelling tools — the fingers. They impart a softness not to be obtained by the modelling tool. The wax is pliable, and no difficulty will be experienced in so mould- ing them. Avoid all stiffness, as a soft roundness is one of Ihe characteristics of this queen of flowers. You continue on in The Rose and Bud, 41 tliis manner until jou liave one round com- plete. The next round you must avoid placing them so closely. After you have completed the second round, you must take the next in size, Mould No. 5, and continue en with it until you have your flower com- plete. We give the student a beautiful illus- tration of the rose and bud on another page, Plato No. VI. You will observe from this how the rosebud and leaf are placed ; making a beautiful combination. Do not make a rose with over twenty leaves, as a larger quantity will look rather clumsy. To make a splen- did full-blown Eose, you proceed the same as you have in the above, only after the second round place the petals on reversed — that is, not to place the hollow of the petal over the others, as you have previously done ; but put the hollow outside, and it will look exactly as if the leaf would fall. To make a finish novr, all that is required is to make the calyx, which you make of the green sheet wax In making the half-blown rose, you take the smallest Mould — No. 4. 42 TJie Rose end Bud, Only a few petals are required to form the same as the rose previously mentioned. Fin- ish it off with the calyx, closing on the top, making a point on the centre. The closed bud is made in the following way : You commence in the same manner as making a large rose — placing on your wire- bulb the smallest petal made from Mould No. 4. This ]3etal is made with the edge of the mould — not with the flat surface, as pre- viously. You dip about one-third of this side into the hot wax. Be sure to use the side, not the flat portion, and you will have a sort of shell-like leaf. You take four or five of these shell-like leaves and place them around the stem, which is made the same as the one for the rose. Now place the calyx on the bulb, as ex- plained above, and you have a beautiful bud, as shown in Plate YL The green leaves are made as explained in Lesson X. LOVE IN A ROSEBUD, (A Fkagment.) — O — As late each flower that sweetest blows, plucked the garden pride, Within the petals of a rose A sleeping love I spied. Around his brows a beamy wreath Of many a latent hue ; All purple glowed his cheeks beneath, Inebriate with dew. LESSON III. CAMELLIA JAPONICA; There are buds that fold within them, Closed and covered from our sight; Many a richly-tinted jjetal Never looked on by the light ! LESSOiS III. CAMELLIA JAPONICA. Tnis truly beautiful flower is probably the most admired, except tlie Eose. Our climate is very favorable for the Camellia, and there are several beautiful varieties. The varieties are far too numerous to describe in a work of such limited extent as this. "We select of our kind the "Wliite Camellia. This is the easiest made, as it requires no coloring. To imitate it well you take the two rose moulds, Nos. 4 and 5. In the first place, see that your wax is perfectly pure, as this is the most important part. Prepare your stem the same as the rose, making a small bulb with white wax. You now dip it into the melted wax to make it smooth and round. Take the smallest mould (No. 4), and make three leaves. Place them around 48 Camellia Japonica, tlie stem — placing them a trifle low, so tliey will not go over the bulb more than one- third of an inch. Make the next row four leaves, and place them between the first three leaves ; also four more to follow. You now take the next mould in size, 'and make four more leaves. Place them on the stem backward, holding the fastening part of each leaf in the left hand, so it will not part from the stem. You now take the largest mould and turn off five petals, placing them in almost a horizontal position. You now finish with making the calyx, by dipj)ing into the hot green Avax. A small spray of green leaves looks very well with the beautiful fine and spotless flower. PLATE Y. Fig. 14. A FKAGMENT. 'Mid scattered foliage, pale and sere, Thy kind floweret cheers the gloom, And offers to the waning year The tribute of its golden bloom. Beneath November's clouded sky, In chill December's stormy hours, Thy blossom meets the traveller's eye, Gay as the buds of summer bowers. Flower of the dark and wintry day ! Emblem of Friendship ! thee I hail v Blooming when others fade away, And brightest when their hues grow pale. LESSON IV. THE MOKNING GLORiT. Thine is that excelling virtue The pure-hearted only know ; Thine that unassuming goodness Which in silent deeds doth flow. THE MOENING GLORY. This beautiful climbing plant of the genus convolvulus lias a splendid funnel-sliaped flower, usually purple or white, sometimes pink or pale blue. They are mostly natives of this country ; a great many are often seen in our flower-gardens and hot-houses, being very ornamental, and readily covering trelhses with their twinmg stems, large leaves, and large beautiful flowers. The Monihuj Glory. 53 In this chapter we propose to show the pupil how this flower is made so easily. You take Mould No. 1, dip it about three- quarters into the white melted wax ; then you may remove it, as shoAvn in Plate lY, No. 17, and you have the form com- plete. You nov/ take a long piece of spool wire and put a long crook upon one end covered with a piece of Avax, placing on tho wax the stamens. For this you take four of the stamens corresponding to the color of the flower you are making, and fold them in the middle, thus making eight stamens in all; how one folded longer than the rest, and you have this all complete. To place the stem on the flower, you heat one end and slip it through the end of the flower ; draw it down tight, so that the stamen remains stationary in the centre. You now place on your four calyxes, pressing them gently, and then tho- roughly adhere the stem to the flower. Bend the wire with an ordinary round stick, and your flower is made — excepting the colormg. The colors most seen are the blue, purple. 54: The'3Iornin(j Glory. and pink. The dry paint is usually rubbed on with a small camel' s-hair brush. I prefer much rather to use Nature's best tools — the fingers. To paint the flowers most correctly, the sudent had better get one of the natural to copy from. MOENING GLOEY. There ic a flower whose modest eye Is turned with looks of light and lore, Who breathes her softest, sweetest sigh Whene'er the snn is bright above. Let clouds obscure, or darkness veil, Her fond idolatry is fled ; Her sighs no more their sweets exhale- The loving eye is cold and dead. Canst thou not trace a moral hue, False flatterer of the prosperous hour ? Let but an adverse cloud appear, And thou art faithless as the flower. LESSON Y. LILY OF THE VALLF.Y. O, what a lovely moial tells The Lily with its silver bells ! 'Tis said they ring on summer nights LILY OF THE YALLEY. This beautiful and graceful little favorite flower is made from Mould No. 3. The wax being melted, can be removed from the light. Dij) your mould in water first to prevent the wax adhering. The wax used must be of the purest whiteness. Take the mould by the handle, holding it quite perpendicular, dip in the wax, withdrawing it as qidckly as pos- sible. Should the wax be too thin, it is because the wax was warmer than it should be. If too cool, it will be thicker than is Liltj of the Valley. 57 desirable ; the right heat is only to be found by practice. Make about seven or eight of these little bells ; then cut the same amount of spool wire (about one and a half to two inches in length), and a large stem wire for the stalk (about three and a half inches long). After making a small hole at the top of the bell, through which you can pass one of the wires, with the pistil affixed, then draw it tight to the bottom of the bell, and the bell is complete. Cover the stem with green wax. The buds are best imitated by rolling some green wax around the top of the stem, and dip into white wax. To give a more natural look to the bells, you may take and pinch the four sides gently, which will prevent them from being so open. This all done, they will re- quire arranging on the long stalk, one of the smallest buds at the top, the rest following on either side, imitating, of course, the ar- riingement observable in the natural flower. The pupil will notice that two leaves grow facing each other, which are long and narrow, and can be made with a brass mould. Ex- plained in Lesson X. THE MOSS KOSE. The angel of the flowers one day Beneath a Rose-tree sleeping lay ; That spirit to whom charge is given To bathe young buds in dews of heaven. Awaking from his light repose, The angel whispered to the Rose : — '•Oh, fondest object of my care, Still fairest found where all is fair ; For the sweet shade thou giv'st to me, Ask what thou wilt — 'tis granted thee !" "Then," said the Rose, with dcepen'd glow, "On me another grace bestow." The spirit paused, in silent thought — What grace was there the flower had not ? 'Twas but a moment. O'er the Rose A veil of moss the angel throws : And, robed in Nature's simplest weed. Could there a flower that Rose exceed ? LESSON YL THE DAKK CLOVE PINK. ■ And there the beanteous Carnation stood, "With proud, disdainful eje." THE DAEK CLOYE PINK. This beautiful and often frequent flower has always attracted admiration for its dark, rich color, though the variety of colors are numerous — all the shades, from scarlet to a deep purple maybe found in this flower, and, with a httle care, can be easily imitated. You flrst proceed to make your stem wire. Coat it with green sheet wax. Put the small crook in the wire, also covered with w^ax. You now cut from white paper two horns, or antlers ; dip them m wax ; put them upon 60 The Dark Clove Pink. the stem wire. You now take Mould No. 2 and prepare your leaf, by dipping it into the hot white wax, nearly full length. In remov- ing it, do so the same as you do the Morning Glory, show^n in Plate IV, No. 17 ; make four in all. You now proceed to color these cups or bells with carmine on both sides, rubbing it in with a small brush, or the fingers. It is necessary to cut the ragged or serrated edge with a scicsors. After doing this you cut the four bells in five parts in the small grooves left on by the mould ; cut them withm one- third of the top of the bell. You now heat the end of the wire, and pass it through the bell, adhering it with a gentle squeeze with the thumb and fingers. Do the same with the three remaining ones, avoiding all stiffiiess in arranging them. After you have placed these on, make the seed-cup. To do this, you take an ordinary stick or pencil — a pencil would be better; scrape it smooth with a pen- knife, removing the black paint about three- quarters of an inch; place it in water, the same as you do the other moulds. You now The Dark ChvcPluh 61 prepare your green wax. Dip the pencil or stick into it quicldj*. If tlie wax sliould be too thin, dip the second time, to make it thicker. After removing the pencil, cut for the cal}^ the four various parts with the scis- sors. Place the stem tln-ough the funnel and press it to the flower gently, and you have it complete. LESSON YIL TUBEROSE, OB, TU-BEBOSE. First fair floweret of the year, 'Mid thy white and savory bed, Welcome Spring's first harbinger. Gold-tip Tuberose, rear thy head. TUBEEOSE, OR, TU-BEROSE. This elegant flower lias gained a liigli repu- tation and esteem for its beauty and fragrance. The odor is most powerful after sunset. The plant grows well in the South, but only bears the open air in more northern climates dur- ing summer. It makes a beautiful flower in a wax collection with its i^erfect whiteness. To make this flower, it is best imitated from Mould No. G . You first prepare your stem. The Rose, or, Tu-berose. G3 Having covered it with sheet wax, put the crook on the end, and then cover it also with wax, making a kind of ball re}Dresenting the pollen. You are now ready for the petals. First wet the mould, then the hand ; dip the mould into the wax, which must be perfectly clear ; turn it the same as the other leaves, and you have the Tuberose. The outside leaves, you will perceive, are bent backwards, and curl a trifle. To form the calyx, bend the wire, so you can dip the flower in hot green wax ; do not dip too deep. This forms a beautiful calyx. TUBEKOSS. Bright flower, whose home is everywhere- A pilgrim bold in Nature's c?.re, And oft, the long year through, tho h^ir Of joy or sorrow. Methinks that there abides in theo Some concord with humanity, Given to no other flower I see The forest through. And wherefore? Man is soon to depart- A thoughtless thing, who, once unblest, Does little on his memory rest — Or on his reason ; But thou would'st teach him to find A shelter under every wind— A hope for times that are unkind — And every season. LESSON VIII. FUCHSIA. Besida the rosy bower of love, Blest wltli the smila of sunny skies, With sweets around it and above, The drooping Fuchsia poured its sighs. FUCHSIA. This beautiful Lady's Ear-Drop, as a great many call it, has derived its name from one of the fathers of botany — "Leonhard Fuchs." In our northern climate, the flower is not so suc- cessful — the vmiters are too cold. The varie- ties of the Fuchsia are numerous, and gene- rally a pendulous red flower, of which the calyx is funnel-shaped ; for beauty and elegance it has no equal. This beautiful flower can be v/ell imitated by using the Mould No. G, and QQ Fuchsia. the smallest rose moulds. You first jorepare your stem wire and then adhere your stamens — eight are necessary — one longer than the rest, something similar to the Morning Glory. Now make four leaves for the corolla, using the smallest Bose mould. Do not dip but only one-half of the flat surface into the wax. Then place the eight petals you have made around the stamens. To make the sepals or calyx, you use the Mould No. 6 the same, but being careful not to dip over the flat surface. You now place them around the petals. In finishing the Fuchsia, you bend the wire and dip it gently into the green wax. This forms the seed-cup. The varieties of color are nu- merous ; we select a few for our pupils. A splendid one is the petals or centre, being white; and the four sepals with the body, pink madder. Another is, crimson centre and white outside -petal ; also, purple centre and crimson outside. T o make the bud, form your wire, the same as for the flower, except- ing placing upon the stamens, you might omit the centre also, as you cover it with the out- side leaves — which must close at the point — Fuchsia, 67 wliicli hide all the interior. To arrange a beautiful spraj, you take an extra strong stem wire — prepare it with green sheet wax. Place at the end two smallest leaves and then two a trifle larger. You now can put on two buds ; follow with green leaves. Now the fullblown flower and more leaves. You then have a beautiful spray. LESSON IX. SWEET PEA. '* Hero arc Sweet Peas, on tip-too for a fiigM, With v/ings of gentle flush, or delicate white. And taper lingers, catching at all things, To bind them all about with tinj/ rings." THE SWEET PEA. This delicate little flower is a native of the East, and is one of the best-known ornaments of our flower-garden, esteemed, not only on account of the beauty of its flower, but of their dehghtful fragrance. There are numer- ous colors. It is, vv^e think, the easiest one of ail to imitate. First you prepare your stem of spool wire. Take the smallest Eose mould, No. 4, dip into the y/hifco wax, and make three small leaves. With a scissors cut the first The Swcef Pea. 69 one around, and make it about half the size it was before. The second leaf you use a trifle larger, and the third one can remain tho full size, as from the mould. You now want to color the first one with pink madder, leav- ing the largest leaf v/hite. Now place the smallest leaf upon the stem, bringing the edges together — this will place a sharp edge upon the front. Now take the second leaf, at the back of the first one, and adhere it to the stem ; also, press it on the top from the back, to bend the leaf inward on each side of the first one. Now place the third leaf upon the stem at the back of the first ones, with tho hollow part backv/ard in contact with the others. Four Lttle pieces of sheet wax placed on for the calyx, finishes the flower. SWEET PEA- Sweet wilding tufts, that 'mid tlie waste Your lowly buds expand ; Tliougli by no sheltering walls embraced^ Nor trained by beauty's hand ; The primal flowers which grace your stems Bright as the dahlias shine — Pound thus like unexpected gems To lonely hearts like mine. Tis a quaint thought, and yet, perchance. Sweet blossoms, ye are sprung From flowers that over Eden once Their pristine fragrance flung : That drank the dews of Paradise Beneath the starlight clear — Or caught from Eden's dejected eyes Her first repentant tear. Smith. 'PLATE YI. KOSE AND BUD. LESSON X. AUTUMN AND GREEN LEAVES, These few pale Autumn flowers — How beautiful tlicj' arc ! AUTUMN AND GEEEN LEAVES. In our New jMetliod of imitating the foliage of any kind of flower, we liave j)repared all kind of leaves in brass and tin moulds. These moulds are made of the best metal, and repre- sent all the leaves required in this art. They are a decided improvement on the old method of making foliage, and can bo purchased at any v/ax material store. In making a loaf, you take the brass or tin mould, and place it into the water ; then take your green v: ax, press it gently on the back of 74: Autumn and Green Leaves. the mould — that is, where the yeins are deepest impressed ; with the thumb and finger press until you see a good impression on the wax. You now place a small piece of spool wire upon the wax — place it about one-half way up the centre of the mould on the wax. You now place another cover of sheet wax right over the other, covering the stem wdre. You press this a trifle harder than you did the first, to get a full impres- sion. When you have completed this, you press your thumb all around the sharp edge of the moulds — this will cut it sufficiently to separate it from the mould. Your leaf is now done. The next thing is to take the leaf off. This is done very easily. You sim- ply loosen the edge with your thumb, push- ing the wax from the mould. You now lift up on edge, and the leaf will leave the mould. Be always sure to wet your mould before using it. Every leaf is made in this manner. If you need a heavy leaf, you sim- ply use thicker wax. Autumn leaves are made in the same way. You can purchase very handsome variegated Autumn and Green Leaves. 75 wax to make these leaves with at ahnost any store. The scissors must be frequently dipped in water, to prevent their adhering to the wax. Should they become clogged, remove the wax which may have accumulated on their blades with a piece of cloth, dip again into the wa- ter, and commence again. Beginners will find new scissors rather troublesome on first using. Never waste your clipping, as every particle of wax can be used, and melted in the cup of green wax. LIST OF MATERIALS. The following list of iiiateriaLs is especially selected hj us as a complete outfix for the new beginner ; and it is advisable that the student should have all that is included in the list. We have selected and put up the best materials that can be had in the mar- ket, and at a much lower price than can be obtained elsewhere. They are all put up in a handsome box, made for the purpose, and can be sent to any part of the United States. LIST OF MATEMALS AND PRICES. 1 Large Lamp, two burners, $1 00 1 Small " one burner, 50c. 1 Pound of Wax, 85 Fine Drj Colors, especially prepared for Wax Flowers by us. 1 Yial Chrome YelloM-, 1 '' *' Green, 1 " Prussian Blue, 1 " Frencli Purple, 1 " Orange Chrome, }- 10c, each, 90 1 '' Burnt Umber, 1 " Rose Madder, 1 " Silver White, 1 " Carmine, No. 40, 3 Camel's Hair Brushes, 4c. each, 12 2 Size Wire on Spools, 10c. each, 20 1 Package Large Stem Wire, 10 78 List of Materials and Prices. 1 Finely Prepared " Oil Tube, Silver Wliite," $0 15 6 Bunches Assorted Stamens, 4e. ea., 24 1 Doz. Sheets Yellow Wax, 1 " " Orange " 1 ^ Ass'd Green, Light j ^ and Bark Wax, J S 60 Brass Moulds for the Leaves. Pond or Water Lily, 3 sizes, Ivy, 3 '' Geranium, Lilies of the Yallej, 3 '' 2 " fc4 1 00 Camellias, Fuchsias, 2 - 2 " BoseSj 3 " 18 Total, IL50, $5 16 List of 3Ia(erials. 79 Students ordering tlie above list in full, wo will send it complete, allowing 5 per cent, discount. If tlie small one-burner lamp should be wanted, we make a further deduc- tion of 50 cents. It is advisable to use the larger lamp, as it is much more convenient. AU of the above can be sent to any part of the United {States ; and those who want their order properly attended to, must en- close $2, and send to us per Hegistered Letter, mth the order ; the balance can be collected on dehvery. We keep in stock aU kinds of materials for making "Wax Flowers ; also Glass Pond Lily Shades, Oval, Round, and Square Shades. In giving orders for Glass Shades, please observe the following rules, to avoid unnec- essary correspondence or misunderstanding : If a Round Shade is required, state the exact diameter and height — for instance, G inches diameter, 9 inches high. If an Oval or Square Shade is required, 80 List of Matericds. state the exact small diameter, large diame- ter, and height — for instance, 5 inches small diameter, 10 inches large diameter, 15 inches high; or 5 inches wide, 10 inches long, 15 inches high. In ordering the Pond Lily Shade, only give the number of inches in diameter. Pond Lily Shades have a fine polished Mirror Stand. Liberal discount on all articles to Teach- ers and Dealers. Address ALBEET B. SMITH, Art Studio y No. 317 Sixth Avenue, New York. ADVERTISEMENTS. ENTIRE NEW METHOD OF MAKING New, Reliable, and Accurate System Taught in a few Hours. Foliage made v/ithout Mould or Scissors. This New Method has given general satisfac- tion ; it is so simple that a child can learn in half a day. "We use the ordinary cake wax, v^^hich is about 300 per cent, cheaper. Mrs. Smith guarantees that her Pupils Y\dll learn in the short space of three hours more than they can learn by the old method in three weeks. Terms for Flow^ers, $5.00, which in- cludes a bouquet of flowers and a full 84: Hoiv to Send Alonaj. set of moulds and tools. Terms for Foliage, $10.00 for superior workmansliip, beauty, and elegance. We defy competition. ^ Mks. SARAH M. SMITH, No. 317 Sixtli Avenue, Between 19tli and 20tli Sts., New York. HOW TO SEND MONEY. Money may be sent at our risk by any of the Express Companies, prepaid, or in Reg- istered Letter by Mail or Postal Money Or- der, also by Bank Draft payable in New York. Small amounts can most readily be sent by obtaining a Postal Money Order at your Post Office. Large amounts are better sent by Bank Draft payable in New York; but if that is not convenient, money can bo Directions. 85 sent safely by Express, securely sealed, with the amount ^Titten on the outside of the en- velope. Parties sending money in advance will save Express charges for collecting. Always enclose $2 in advance with your order, balance payable when the goods are delivered, (C. O. D.) DIEECTIONS. Write your name as plainly as j)ossible, and give full address, Post Office Box, County and State, to ensure a prompt return. State what Express Company runs direct to your place, to save the expense of transfer from one Company to another. Where there is no Express Company, goods 86 Directions, may be sent by Mail, when money is sent in advance. Packages Avill be sent by Express, unless ordered otherwise. Letters requii'ing answers should have a etamp enclosed for return postage. Packages not exceeding twelve ounces can be sent by Mail, at the rate of two cents for each two ounces, or fraction thereof ; in which case, we require extra for postage and registered fee. ALBERT B, SMITH Importer and Dealer iii For covering Clocks, Birds, Statuary, &c. SHEET WAX Am MATEEIALS For Wax Flower Making. llli Wira Bmilati^ Btiii &^, -o- NATURAL FLOWERS PRESERYED. Eound and Oval Pramea f:r Preserved Flcv/ers. Wooieii Crosses^ Marps, Lyres, &c. Ko. 317 Sixth Avenue, (up stairs,) 2d door below 20tli St., New York. o Orders by Mail promptly attended to. 1 x>r-'i^.,'v^jn y /) y 0^ .' .^^ ^^^ .<^ ^^ ^..^^ cp^:-- ■^^d< - ^^^ -^ G^^ • ^^ ^" -^^.'-/^^^ ^ ;/^ ^^ ^c^ :i^, 0^ ^ ^^' ': ' ^^„K^^ ,^ 0^ ^