F 451 
 .E86 
 Copy 1 
 
 Instructor Literature Series— No, 515 
 
 STOniES OF THE STATES 
 
 t 
 
 KENTUCKY 
 
 By % S. Eubank A, B. 
 
 
 010 638 756 4 # 
 
 PUBLISHED JOINTLY BY 
 F. A. OWEN PUB. CO., Dansville, N. Y. 
 HALL & McCREARY, Chicago, 111. 
 
INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES 
 
 Supplementary Readers and Five-Cent Classics 
 
 A series of little books containing material needed for Supplementary 
 Reading and Study. Classified a^nd Graded. Large type for lower grades. 
 
 '^^^ This list is consiantlv being added to. If a substantial iiumber of books are to be 
 ordered, or if other titles than those shown here are desired, setid for latest list. 
 
 FIRST YEAR 
 
 Fables and Myths 
 
 6 Fairy Stories of the Moon.— 7V/a^Mi>^ 
 
 27 ^sop's Fables— Part 1—Reiter 
 
 28 ^sop'S Fables— Part ll—Reiter 
 
 29 ludiau Myihs— Bush 
 140 Nursery Tales — Taylor 
 Nature 
 
 1 Little Plant People— Part 1— Chase 
 
 2 Little Plant People— Part 11— Chase 
 
 30 Story of a Snnheam.— Miller 
 
 31 Kitty Mittens and Her 'Brinnds— Chase 
 History 
 
 32 Patriotic Stories (Story of the Flag, 
 
 Story of Washington, etc.) — Reiier 
 Literature 
 
 104 IMother Goose Reader 
 228 First Term Primer — Maguire 
 230 Rhyme and Jingle Reader for Beginners 
 
 SECOND YEAR 
 Fables and Myths 
 
 33 Stories from Andersen — Taylor 
 
 34 Stories from Grimm — Taylor 
 
 36 Little Red Riding YlooOi—Reiter 
 
 37 Jack and the Beanstalk — Reiter 
 
 38 Adventures of a Brownie — Reiter 
 Nature 
 
 3 Little Workers (Animal Stories)— C/mj-? 
 
 39 Little Wood Friends — Mayjie 
 
 40 Witigs and Stings— //a/i/a;ir 
 
 41 Story of Wool — Mayne 
 
 42 Bird Stories from the Foets—follie 
 History and Biography 
 
 43 Story of the Mayflower — McCabe 
 
 45 Boyhood of Washington — Reiter 
 204 Boyhood of Lincoln — Reiter 
 
 Literature and Art 
 
 72 Bow-Wow and Mew-Mew— Cra 2^ 
 i;2 Child's Garden of Verses — Stevenson 
 206 Picture Study Stories for Little Children 
 
 — Cranston 
 220 Story of the Christ Child — Hushower 
 290 Fuzz in Japan— A Child-Life Reader — 
 Maguirc. 
 
 THIRD YEAR 
 Fables and Myths 
 
 46 Puss in Boots and Cinderella — Reiter 
 
 47 Greek 'Myths— Klingensynith 
 
 48 Nature Myths— Metcalfe 
 
 50 Reynard the Fox — Best 
 
 102 Tliiimbeliua and Dream Storie^s— Reiter 
 146 Sleeping Beauty and Other Stories 
 
 174 Sun Myths— Reiter 
 
 175 Norse Legends I — Reiter 
 i76 Norse Legends, II — Reiter 
 
 177 Legends of the Rhineland — McCabe 
 282 Siegfried, the Lorelei and Other Rhine 
 
 Legends— yl/cCa^^ 
 Nature and Industry 
 
 49 Buds, Stems and Fruits — Mayne 
 
 51 Storj'^ of Flax — Mayne 
 
 52 Story of Glass — Hanson 
 
 53 Adventures of a Little Waterdrop 
 
 — Mayne 
 135 Little People of the Hills (Dry Air and 
 
 Dry Soil Plants)— CAaj^ 
 203 Little Plant People of the Waterways — 
 
 Chase 
 X33 Aunt Martha's Corner Cupboard — Part 
 
 I. Story of Tea and the Teacup 
 
 137 Aixnt Martha's Corner Cupboard — Part 
 
 II. Story of Sugar, Coffee aud Salt. 
 
 138 Aunt Martha's Corner Cupboard— Part 
 
 III. Story of Rice, Currants and Honey 
 History and Biography 
 
 4 Story of Washington — Reiter 
 7 Story of Longfellow — McCabe 
 21 Story of the Pilgrims — Powers 
 44 Famous Early Americans (Smith, Stan- 
 dish, Peuu) — Bush 
 
 54 Story of Columbus— Tl/cCai^^ 
 
 55 Story oiVJhittiev— McCabe 
 
 57 Story of Louisa M. A\cott— Bush 
 
 58 Story of Alice aud Phoebe C&vy—McFee 
 
 59 Story of the Boston Tea Party -McCabe 
 
 60 Children of the Northland— i?2<^/s 
 
 62 Childrenof the South Lands, I (Florida, 
 Cuba, Puerto Rico) — McFee 
 
 63 Children of the South Lands, II (Africa 
 Hawaii, The Philippines)— A^c/><? 
 
 64 Child Life in the Colonies— I (New- 
 
 Amsterdam ) — Baker 
 
 65 Child Life in the Colonies— II (Pennsyl- 
 
 vania) — /.'<)■ -i'l^r 
 
 66 Child Life in the Colonies— III (Virgin- 
 
 ia)— ^a/^^r 
 
 68 Stories of the Revolution— I (Ethan 
 
 Allen aud the Green Mountain Boys;) 
 
 69 Stories of the Revolution— II (Around 
 
 Philadelphia)— yi/cc^iZi^^ 
 
 70 Stories of the Revolution— HI (Marion, 
 
 the Swamp Vo-s.)—McCabe 
 132 Storv of Franklin— T^arzj 
 
 164 The Little Brown Baby and Other Babies 
 
 165 Gemila, the Child of the Desert aud 
 
 Some of Her Sisters 
 
 166 Louise on the Rhine and in Her New 
 
 Home. (Nos. 164, i6§, 166 are "Seven 
 Little Sisters" by Jane Andreivs) 
 
 167 Famous Artists, I — Laudseer aud Bon- 
 heur. 
 
 Literature 
 35 Goody Two-Shoes 
 
 67 Story of Robinson Crusoe— Bush 
 
 71 Selections from Hiawatha (For 3rd, 4th, 
 
 5th and 6th Grades) 
 233 Poems Worth Knowing-Book I-Primary 
 
 FOURTH YEAR 
 Nature and Industry 
 
 75 Story of Coal— yi/cA'awi? 
 
 76 Story of Wheat — Halifax 
 'j'j Story oi Cotton— Brotvn 
 
 134 Conquests of Little Plant People— CAaje 
 
 Continued on third cover 
 
 Au-u^t. 1913. 
 
INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES 
 
 The Story of Kentucky 
 
 Bv % S. Eubank, A. V. 
 
 PUBLISHED JOINTLY BY 
 
 F. A. OWEN PUB. CO., Dansville, N. Y. 
 
 HALL & MCCREARY, CHICAGO, ILL. 
 
 Copyright 1913, by F. A. Owen Pxtblishivg Co 
 
f^s 
 
 ^ ^ ^^ 
 
 iC!,A357866 
 
 Hi/ 
 
The Story of Kentucky 
 
 Geography and First White Visitor 
 
 Lying west of the Allegheny Mountains and extending 
 westward for some three hundred miles, bounded, for 
 the most part, on the north by the Ohio River and ex- 
 tending to the Mississippi, lies the State of Kentucky. 
 In its eastern portion, constituting nearly one-third of 
 its area, the surface is broken, and so high as to be 
 termed mountainous. A large area occupying the cen- 
 tral third, and in the early day mostly a prairie land, is 
 now known as the famous Blue Grass section. The wes- 
 tern third of the State is practically level, being but a 
 few feet above the sea, and cypress swamps are not 
 infrequent. This section is commonly termed "The 
 Pennyrile. " 
 
 In the middle of the eighteenth century, Kentucky was 
 a portion of that unexplored western realm belonging by 
 grant to the State of Virginia, and designated as a part 
 of Fincastle County. The eastern portion in the early 
 day abounded in wild game common to the Appalachian 
 forests. The undulating grass lands in the central part 
 of the State provided ample grazing for the herds of buf- 
 falo and deer that were found there at the time of the 
 coming of man. The skeletons that have been exhumed 
 indicate that it was the feeding ground of the giant mas- 
 todon before the discovery of America. 
 
 About two hundred years after Columbus discovered 
 America, a young man twenty-two years of age came to 
 
4 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 Canada from the Old World. On his arrival he learned 
 from the settlers and Indians the possibilty of a passage 
 to the South Sea, which they then thought the Gulf of 
 Mexico to be. Desirous of making this journey, and 
 lured by the possibility of reaching the Pacific by water, 
 he secured the assistance of Indians and some white hun- 
 ters as guides and set out upon an expedition of explora- 
 tion into the country concerning which he had heard 
 such fascinating stories. 
 
 Crossing the St. Lawrence and traveling southward, 
 he came to what is now called Allegheny River. Secur- 
 ing birchbark canoes, he and his party descended the 
 Allegheny to its junction with the Monongahela, then 
 turning southwestward on the beautiful stream formed 
 by these two small rivers and now known as the Ohio, 
 he explored the country along the banks of the river to 
 what was called by him the Rapids of the Ohio. Thus, 
 LaSalle was the first to gaze upon the country from the 
 mouth of the Big Sandy to the present site of Louisville, 
 and to make a record of such discoveries. 
 
 The Virginians and Daniel Boone 
 
 Near the middle of the eighteenth century, or about 
 1750, a party of Virginia hunters, growing weary of the 
 monotony of home life and desiring to find better hunt- 
 ing grounds, penetrated the Appalachian Mountains by 
 way of Powell's Valley and through Cumberland Gap, 
 into the eastern portion of what is now Kentucky, and 
 hence were the first white men to approach the land 
 from the eastern side. In 1767; John Finley and Daniel 
 Boone, hearing of the fine hunting in this section, came 
 to Kentucky from North Carolina and built a cabin on 
 Red River, near where Estill, Powell, and Clark counties 
 are now joined. Two years later, about forty hunters 
 and adventurers came to the territory and made their 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 5 
 
 camp at what they then called Price's Meadows, about 
 six miles from the present site of Monticello in Wayne 
 County. This camp, by virtue of its location near the 
 Cumberland River, developed into a distributing point 
 for the country lying along the Cumberland, now in- 
 cluded in Wayne, Green, Barren and Warren counties. 
 Another station was built near Greensburg. These sta- 
 tions or camps seem to have served only the immediate 
 needs of the hunters while they were in the territory. 
 
 Daniel Boone seems to have been 
 the only one of these hunters to whom 
 the wilderness especially appealed. 
 Consequently, for many years he made 
 frequent trips into the territory, stay- 
 ing as long as two years on one occa- 
 sion, and winning the title of The Long 
 Hunter. Boone was alone on many of 
 these trips, never seeing the face of a 
 white man, but frequently meeting 
 roving bands of Indians. From a cave in the side of Pilot 
 Knob in Powell County, he could catch glimpses of the 
 joyous sports of the Shawnee boys at Indian Fields ; and 
 from the projecting rocks he feasted his eyes on the herds 
 of buffalo winding across the prairie. 
 
 No permanent Indian villages were found in Kentucky. 
 It seems to have been a choice bit of hunting ground 
 strongly contested by the tribes of the North and the 
 tribes of the South. The Shawnees had a village at In- 
 dian Fields, in the eastern portion of Clark County, near 
 the beautiful stream called Lulbegrud Creek. 
 
 Boone seems to have been endowed with the faculty 
 that enabled him to pass, in his first years of wandering, 
 from tribe to tribe; and from these Indians he learned 
 that the common name of the country, known to all, was 
 Kan-tuckee (kane-tooch-ee ), so called by the Indians be- 
 
6 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 cause of the abundance of a peculiar reed growing along 
 the river, now known as pipe-stem cane. 
 
 Boone remained in the wilderness so long that his 
 brother and a searching party came to find him. They 
 found him in good health and spirits, enjoying life, anci 
 living in peace with the Indian tribes. The party, with 
 Boone, returned to the valley of the Yadkin, and told 
 such stories of the enchanted land as caused the settlers 
 of the region to listen eagerly, and to feel the stirring of 
 the pioneer spirit. Not caring for the growing crops and 
 with no relish for the monotonous labor, Boone easily 
 persuaded a company of men to come with him to the 
 wilderness and to bring their families. 
 
 • irroJaburg' 
 
 K E 
 
 
 
 ^^^^;:S^ 
 
 
 sVJO' 
 
 
 Boone's Trail 
 
 The journey was tedious. Those on foot went ahead 
 and blazed a trail for the few wagons, pack horses and 
 domestic animals, and killed game to furnish meat when 
 the next camp should be struck at nightfall. It was a 
 courageous, jolly party that thus marched through Cum- 
 berland Gap, and blazed a way which has since been 
 known as Boone's Trail. Hostile Indians had to be 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 fought along the way, and several of the party were 
 slain, among them being Boone's son. An Englishman, 
 also, was killed, and his young son was adopted by Boone 
 and thereafter known as his own son. 
 
 Beginnings of Settlements 
 
 The party passed the present site of Richmond in Madi- 
 son County, and reached a point on the Kentucky River, in 
 1775, where Booiiesborough was built. The site selected 
 was a broad, level stretch of land, with the river to 
 the north, and high 
 hills to the south. 
 This particular 
 spot was selected 
 because of a fine 
 spring of water, 
 and high hills that 
 could be used for 
 sentinel towers, 
 inclosing fine level 
 ground for cultiva- 
 tion. The settlers 
 cut trees and con- 
 structed a stockade 
 in the form of a hollow square. It was from this fort that 
 Rebecca 'Boone and the Calloway girls were stolen by 
 Indians while boating on the Kentucky River. 
 
 About the same time that Boonesborough was being 
 established. Captain James Harrod with a party of forty 
 men descended the Ohio River, stopped for a time at the 
 mouth of Licking River, and felled some trees on the 
 present site of Cincinnati. Not being satisfied with the 
 location of the settlement, they followed the Ohio to the 
 mouth of the Kentucky River and ascended the Kentucky 
 to a spot now known as Oregon Landing. Being fatigued 
 
 Boone's Fort 
 
8 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 from their long and difficult voyage, they left their boats 
 and took a course from the river and found a big spring 
 at which they built a stockade on the present site of Har- 
 rodsburg. 
 
 The large flowing spring one mile west of the present 
 town of Stanford, Lincoln County, was made the site of a 
 third settlement. Capt. Benjamin Logan headed this 
 party of pioneers, and the station was, for a time, known 
 as Logan's Fort. Afterward, because of the fact that the 
 fort was made by planting logs on end, it was called 
 Standing Fort, and in later years the town was called 
 Stanford. In the Logan party was a priest who was a 
 musician of rare ability. In his daily walks, he was 
 accustomed to sit, meditating, at the mouth of the cave 
 from which ran the water of this great spring. The rip- 
 ple of the stream flowing from the cavern, over the rocks 
 and through the spearmint, was music to the Father's 
 ear, and to him it seemed the spirit of St. Asaph, the 
 director of King David's choir. He it was who named 
 the spring and the creek which flows from it, St. Asaph's. 
 
 While the people busied themselves at Harrodsburg, 
 Boonesborough and Logan's Fort, Simon Kenton, disap- 
 pointed in a love affair in Virginia, seeking relief from 
 sorrow by satisfying his hunger for hunting and at the 
 same time acting in the interest of Lord Dunmore, came 
 to Kentucky. He reached a point near Old Washington 
 in Mason County, where he and his party cleared an 
 acre of land, planted corn and ate the roasting ears the 
 same summer. So far as we know, this was the first 
 agricultural activity in the Commonwealth. 
 
 In April, 1775, the first battle of the Revolutionary War 
 was fought at Lexington, Mass. At that time a party of 
 hunters was camped, at the big spring near the present 
 site of the Fayette County courthouse, in Lexington, Ky. 
 Months later, the news of the American victory reached 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 
 the settlers, and because of their great joy over the vic- 
 tory gained, they named the camp site Lexington. 
 
 Limestone (now Maysville), Royal Springs (now George- 
 town) and Martin's Station were also built this year. 
 
 In 1779, Lexington was first permanently improved and 
 cabins built. From these rude stockade cabins grew the 
 the beautiful city of* the Blue Grass, in which town for 
 many years were manufactured practically all the fur hats 
 worn in the Ohio and - — - - — - ^ 
 
 Mississippi valleys. 
 Being in the center of 
 the hemp-growing sec- 
 tion, practically all the 
 ropes and cables used 
 in boating on the Ohio, 
 Mississippi and Ken- 
 tucky rivers were made 
 in Lexington. These 
 commercial enterprises, 
 together with the ex- 
 ceptional fertility of the 
 soil, account for the development of the city of Lexington 
 more rapidly than the surrounding forts and stations. 
 
 Daniel Boone was consulted regarding the advisability 
 of the location of all settlements made during the early 
 days, because he knew the country better than any other 
 one person, and knew the wilderness as few have 
 known it. 
 
 Hunters and trappers began to traffic along the Ohio 
 River, and supplies for the more northern settlements 
 were shipped on the Ohio and unloaded at Limestone or 
 at The Rapids. At this latter point it was necessary, if 
 supplies were sent farther down the stream, to unload 
 and carry them to a point below the rapids, when the 
 boats would have to be launched again and reloaded. 
 
 Stockade and Cabins at Lexin^un 
 
10 
 
 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 This necessitated a delay, especially as the traders soon 
 fell upon the plan of having one line of boats plying 
 above the rapids and another plying between points below 
 the rapids. Men for unloading and loading were kept 
 always on the ground. This little settlement became per- 
 manent, and is now the largest town in the State — Louis- 
 ville. 
 
 Ho^^^ the Pioneers Lived and Fought 
 
 After the wives of the settlers in the various forts 
 came to Kentucky, home life took on the appearance of a 
 settled community. Homes were built outside the stock- 
 ades, nearly every man of family had a farm of his own, 
 land was cleared, fruit trees were set out, attention was 
 given to the raising of hogs, sheep, cattle and horses, and a 
 _ little Empire of 
 
 'the West began 
 to appear. The 
 women w e i" e 
 busy with spin- 
 ning, weaving 
 and general 
 housework. 
 The men clear- 
 ed and fenced 
 their land. The 
 fortifications 
 were kept only 
 as a refuge in time of an attack by the Indians— which, 
 however, was not infrequent, because the French in the 
 North coveted the rich lands beyond the Alleghenies, and 
 incited the Indians to warfare against the white peoplo 
 who were settling there. It was the sturdy pioneers of 
 Kentucky, acting in the name of Virginia, who held the 
 frontier against the encroachments of the French, as the 
 property of the English crown. 
 
 First Stockade and Cabins at the Falls of Ohio, now 
 Louisville, Built by George Rogers Clark in 1776. 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 11 
 
 The notorious renegade, Simon Girty, a white man 
 who for certain reasons forsook civilized society and asso- 
 ciated himself with the Indians of Northern Ohio, was 
 willing at all times to harass the settlers on the frontier 
 at the suggestion of the French military commanders. 
 This man cared not for spilling the blood of his own race, 
 and frequently would lead his hostile bands in attacks 
 against the unprotected settlements. His favorite time 
 for attack seemed to be in the spring of the year, when 
 the men were at work in the fields and offered the least 
 resistance by a speedy rally of forces. 
 
 We have noticed that all these forts were built near a 
 spring of unfailing water. The pioneers seem always to 
 have left the spring outside the inclosure, however, and 
 since this worked a great hardship in time of siege, it 
 seems to have been bad judgment. Girty's Indians at- 
 tacked Logan's Fort. The supply of water inside the 
 fort was exhausted, and the suffering was intense. After 
 this siege, General Logan decided never again to be sub- 
 jected to such an extremity. He could not bring the 
 spring to the fort, and it was also difficult to transplant 
 the fort. So he summoned the settlers and proposed a 
 plan to which they agreed. The hours when they were 
 not working in the fields or building new cabins they spent 
 in digging, until a tunnel was made from the stockade to 
 the spring. In succeeding attacks, the General had his 
 granaries and storehouses v/ell supplied with food and 
 ammunition, and it was an easy matter to send a boy with 
 a bucket through the tunnel to the spring for water. This 
 precaution on the part of the General prevented exhaus- 
 tion during the next attack on Logan's Fort. The Indians, 
 unable to understand how the settlers in the fort could 
 do so long without water, supposed them to be miracu- 
 lously defended by the Great Spirit, and never afterward 
 could Girty lead this band to attack Logan's Fort. 
 
12 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 The settlers at Bryan's Station, a few miles from Lex- 
 ington, did not take a similar precaution. During one 
 of the Indian attacks on there the supply of water in 
 the fort became exhausted, and surrender seemed un- 
 avoidable. The women of the fort volunteered to go for 
 water, and taking buckets marched down to the spring. 
 The Indians were surprised, superstitious, and panic- 
 stri'cken, and refused to fire on them. The women filled 
 their buckets and returned in safety to the stockade. 
 
 Notwithstanding the, bounteous provision made by 
 Nature to supply the needs of the settler in the way of 
 fruits, wild meats, and skins for clothing, life in the 
 settlements was plain in the extreme. Furniture and 
 household utensils were scant and crude, for the most 
 part being of home construction. Salt was one of the 
 greatest needs of the settlers. At first, they made it from 
 the water of the numerous salt licks, each family making 
 its supply by boiling the water in a kettle until the mois- 
 ture had evaporated, leaving the salt encrusted in the 
 kettle. These kettles were crude, and invariably small. 
 Hence it was more difficult to supply a family with salt 
 than with sugar, which was easily made by boiling down 
 the sap from the maple trees. After awhile, the Virginia 
 authorities sent out a number of large kettles and two 
 expert salt makers, who reported to Captain Boone for 
 service. Boone, with his two experts and thirty other 
 men, left Boonesborough for the Lower Blue Lick Spring, 
 fifty or more miles toward the north. Here they made a 
 camp and set to work to manufacture a stock of salt suf- 
 ficient to supply the needs of all the settlements for a 
 period of twelve months. From time to time a small 
 party was sent back to the different forts with pack- 
 horses laden with salt. On their return, they would 
 bring supplies, parched corn, and perhaps a few of the 
 simple comforts that seemed almost luxuries to the hardy 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 13 
 
 backwoodsmen. Meat constituted the chief article of 
 diet for the workers of the salt factory. It required no 
 small amount to satisfy the appetites of thirty vigorous 
 men. Boone, as the most expert hunter among them, 
 undertook to supply the camp with meat. The task was, 
 to him, a thoroughly congenial one, which we cannot 
 imagine the more civilized task of manufacturing salt to 
 have been. 
 
 It was Boone's custom to go out some miles from camp 
 every morning, returning at the close of the day with as 
 much game as he could carry, and often leaving a quan- 
 tity at a particular spot to be sent for with a packhorse. 
 One afternoon Boone was making his way toward the 
 salt works after a day of successful hunting, when he 
 suddenly found himself surrounded by a company of In- 
 dians. Not having seen a redskin for months^ and be- 
 lieving it unlikely that they could be present in large 
 numbers at that time of the year, Boone was not as 
 keenly on the alert as usual The savages had found 
 Boone's trail while wandering through the woods. H^ 
 was taken captive, adopted into the tribe, his hair picked 
 outin Indian fashion, and the war paint added. Boone's 
 failure to return led the men in the camp to suspect the 
 presence of Indians, and to guess that Boone had fallen 
 captive. The alarm was quickly sent to the surrounding 
 forts. Maj. Harlan, Col. Trigg, Col. Todd, and Boone's 
 brother led a body of men against the Indians in what 
 proved to be the bloodiest battle recorded in the annals 
 of the territory, and known as the Battle of Blue Licks: 
 In this battle, Boone's eldest son was slain, and it is said 
 the old man never could refer to the battle without shed- 
 ding tears. In the midst of the battle, Boone escaped 
 from his captors and rejoined the settlers. 
 
14 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 George Rogers Clark and the Revolution 
 
 Among the many men of sterling quality who for vari- 
 ous reasons came out to Kentucky, was one stalwart, 
 well-trained, military genius known in history as General 
 George Rogers Clark. His first trip to Kentucky was 
 semi-official, as a representative of the Virginia Legisla- 
 ture, to visit the various forts and settlements and to 
 report progress to the state government. He found the 
 settlers in dire need of powder. Reporting this to the 
 Virginia authorities, he succeeded in 
 securing for the settlers a quantity, 
 which was yet insufficient to defend 
 ihem against the Indians. 
 
 Of Clark's second appearance in 
 Kentucky, General Ray, who was at 
 that time a boy of sixteen, living at 
 Harrodsburg (or Harrod's Station as it 
 was then called), gives the following 
 account: **I had come down to where 
 
 T T u i. r -1 £ TT George Rogers Clark 
 
 1 now live, about four miles from Har- 
 rodsburg, to turn some horses on the range. I had killed a 
 small blue-winged duck that was feeding in my spring, and 
 bad roasted it nicely by a fire on the brow of the hill. While 
 waiting for the duck to cool, I was startled by the sud- 
 den apppearance of a fine, soldierly-looking man. 'How 
 do you do, my little fellow? What is your name? Aren't 
 you afraid of being in the woods by yourself?' Answer- 
 ing his inquiries, I invited him to partake of my duck, 
 which he did, without leaving me a bone to pick, his 
 appetite was so keen. Had I known him then as I did 
 afterwards, he would have been welcome to all the game 
 I could have killed. Having devoured my duck, he 
 asked me questions about the settlers, the Indians and 
 the condition of affairs in the locality." These the boy 
 answered as well as he could, and then ventured to ask 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 15 
 
 the name of his guest. "My name is Clark," was the 
 response, "and I have come out here to see how you 
 brave fellows are doing in Kentucky, and to lend you a 
 helping hand, if necessary." 
 
 With the universal consent of the settlers, Clark nat- 
 urally assumed the military leadership of the territory, 
 visiting all the fortifications, looking after their military 
 stores, drilling the men, and otherwise strengthening 
 the defenses of the pioneers. Clark made other trips to 
 Virginia in behalf of the frontiersmen, but since the re- 
 sources of Virginia were severely taxed by the necessary 
 support given to the other colonies during the Revolu- 
 tionary War, he received little or no encouragement, and 
 practically nothing in the way of military supplies. It 
 is stated that he provided the necessities at his own ex- 
 pense, defraying the cost of transportation and distribu- 
 tion. Later, powder was made by the settlers of Ken- 
 tucky by leaching saltpetre from the soil in various 
 sections and combining it with charcoal and other in- 
 gredients. 
 
 The English army officers formed alliances with the In- 
 dian tribes living north of the Ohio River in the territory 
 now composing Ohio, Indiana and Illinois and incited 
 them to frequent attacks on the Kentucky settlements, 
 with the hope that they would the sooner capture the 
 State of Virginia by an approach from the west. Clark, 
 as military commander of Kentucky, sent spies into this 
 northern country to determine the location of the for- 
 tresses and the number of English and Indians in each. 
 One of these spies was the celebrated Simon Kenton, 
 who was not content with locating the enemy but at- 
 tempted to recapture a lot of horses stolen from Ken- 
 tucky by the Indians on a former raid. Kenton and his 
 companions were not able to travel fast with the num- 
 ber of horses they had secured, and when they were at- 
 
16 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 tacked by a band of Indians, Kenton's companions were 
 slain and he was captured. The Indians hated him cor- 
 dially and began to beat him unmercifully, calling him 
 the "hoss-steal." They easily could have murdered 
 Kenton on the spot, but since he had proved such a ter- 
 rible foe to them in the past, they preferred to enjoy 
 their capture all the more by torturing him for awhile. 
 He was carried by the Indians to Chillicothe, where he 
 was several times forced to run the gauntlet. Finally, 
 when tied to the stake to be burned, he was recognized 
 by his boyhood friend, Simon Girty, who sent him to 
 Detroit, from which place he made his escape and re- 
 turned to Kentucky, reporting to General Clark the con- 
 ditions as he had found them. 
 
 Other spies returned, and from the general reports 
 General Clark thought it necessary to make another ap- 
 peal to Virginia for aid. In 1778, Governor Patrick 
 Henry of Virginia gave to Clark a commission as com- 
 manding officer to take such soldiers as he could secure 
 in Virginia, together with his Kentuckians, and go 
 against the British and Indians north of the Ohio River. 
 Leaving Corn Island, now Louisville, he and his brave 
 followers marched northward through swamps and swam 
 streams, capturing every fortification to which they 
 came. Among these were Kaskaskia and Vincennes. 
 By this heroic deed of Clark's the great territory north 
 of the Ohio River was secured from the British, and be- 
 came a part of Virginia's territory. Clark continued at 
 the head of military affairs in Kentucky, but his greatest 
 work was done before he was thirty years of age. 
 
 Later Days of Famous Pioneers 
 
 When peace came, Clark settled about eight miles from 
 Louisville and fell into habits of intemperance which 
 unfitted him for public service. He was given large 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 17 
 
 land bounties by Virginia, in recognition of services 
 rendered, but conflicting claims prevented him coming 
 into possession of the land for years, thus leaving him 
 helpless and poor in his old age. The Virginia legisla- 
 ture voted him a jeweled sword, which was sent to the 
 old man by a special messenger. When the young man 
 made his speech presenting the sword, Clark replied, 
 "Young man, go tell Virginia, when she needed a sword 
 I found one. Now, I need bread." The worn-out old 
 soldier lived only a little while longer, and in 1818 died 
 and was buried at Locust Grove, Ky. It has been said 
 that a French officer who met Clark at Yorktown, on his 
 return to France, said to the king: "Sire, there are two 
 Washingtons in America." "What do you mean?" said 
 the king. "1 mean," said the officer, "that there is 
 Washington whom the world knows; and there is George 
 Rogers Clark, the conqueror of the Northwest, as great 
 a man as Washington in his field of action and for his 
 opportunity." 
 
 Simon Kenton shared a like fate. Losing his land, 
 acre by acre, this simple-hearted old pioneer found him- 
 self penniless in his old age. He was then allowed by 
 law, to the shame of all civilization, to be cast into prison 
 for debt upon the same spot upon which he had built his 
 first cabin in 1775. In 1799, as a beggar, he moved into 
 Ohio. In 1813, he joined Governor Shelby's troops and 
 was with them in the Battle of the Thames. In 1820, 
 this poor old man moved to a site on Scioto river, where 
 the Indians forty years before had tied him to a stake to 
 be burned. Near the close of his life he was given some 
 mountain lands and a small pension. 
 
 Daniel Boone lost all his fine lands in Kentucky, also, 
 and came to such poverty as to lead him in one of his 
 petitions to say, "I have not a spot of ground whereon 
 to lay my bones." He left Kentucky, saying he would 
 
18 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 never return to live in a country so ungrateful. About 
 1796 he moved to Missouri and settled fifty miles from 
 St. Louis. Spain owned that territory then, and the 
 Spanish government gave him a liberal grant of land. 
 Around him his sons and daughters and their families 
 settled. The broad forests were full of game, and here 
 Boone again indulged his passion for a hunter's life. 
 The old hunter neglected to complete his titles to his new 
 lands, and these he also lost. Congress afterward made 
 him a smaller grant. He died in Missouri in 1820, at the 
 age of eighty-six, and was buried in a coffin which he 
 had made for himself some years before. In 1845, the 
 Legislature of Kentucky had the remains of the pioneer 
 and his wife removed and buried with honor in the 
 cemetery at Frankfort. A suitable monument was erected 
 to mark their resting place. 
 
 In the early days of the settlement of Kentucky, all 
 men were not engaged in fighting Indians, building forts 
 and clearing ground. On the contrary, the fertility of 
 the soil and the wealth of timber and mineral led men to 
 look to the commercial value of real estate, and conse- 
 quently there was formed a powerful company known as 
 The Transylvania Land Company, which had for its pur- 
 pose the ownership and control of the valuable lands. 
 Judge Richard Henderson, a native of Virginia, was the 
 leader in the formation of this Company. 
 
 Taking advantage of the unsettled boundaries west of 
 the mountains and knowing that the several states 
 claimed the country by right of grants from the kings of 
 the countries of Europe, the Transylvania Company at- 
 tempted to organize the territory into a separate govern- 
 ment. These men gave the settlers no little worry over 
 the ownership of their lands, and because Virginia was 
 engaged in the War of the Revolution little attention was 
 paid to affairs in Kentucky. Finally, in 1776, the settlers 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 19 
 
 in Kentucky called a meeting at Harrodsburg and sent 
 Gabriel Jones and George Rogers Clark to the Legisla- 
 ture of Virginia with a statement that unless Virginia 
 should protect the settlers against the Transylvania Com- 
 pany and others, the people would organize the territory 
 into a separate government, and take their place among 
 the States. To this statement the Virginia Legislature 
 gave heed, and cut off from Fincastle County, Virginia, 
 all that unsurveyed territory west of the Allegheny 
 Mountains, and organized it into the County of Ken- 
 tucky, as a part of Virginia. This act enabled the set- 
 tlers to have a regular form of county government with 
 a sheriff and other county officials, as well as two repre- 
 sentatives in the Virginia Assembly. 
 
 Things went well in the new county for awhile. Agri- 
 culture was engaged in more extensively and the good 
 work of developing the country went steadily on, inter- 
 rupted all too frequently by the attacks of the Indians 
 from the north, in very much the same manner as before, 
 though less frequently. 
 
 People in the eastern colonies heard of the fertility of 
 the soil and of the many attractive features of the coun- 
 try, and as a result large numbers from all the older 
 settlements determined to try their fortunes in the 
 favored land. Population increased to such an extent that 
 it was thought advisable to divide the territory into three 
 counties (Jefferson, Lincoln and Fayette), and courts were 
 established. 
 
 After the Revolution 
 
 The treaty of peace which ended the War of the Revo- 
 lution was concluded in November, 1782, but the people 
 of Kentucky did not get the news for nearly four months 
 later. All were rejoiced that the struggle was ended and 
 confidently expected that trouble with the Indians would 
 cease, since there seemed no further reason for inciting 
 
20 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 them to make war on the Kentuckians. The people were 
 doomed to disappointment. The treaty left possessions 
 so poorly defined that not only did the Indians make oc- 
 casional invasions into the territory to plunder, under 
 the direction of the military commanders of the north, 
 but the people were threatened by a still graver danger. 
 The unsettled boundaries and titles of lands along the 
 Mississippi River caused a question of ownership to arise 
 between France, England and Spain. Spain at that time 
 controlled the lower Mississippi River, and men from 
 that country secretly came to Kentucky attempting to 
 arouse the people to the act of establishing a separate 
 nation under the protection of Spain. The loyalty of the 
 good men of Kentucky to the rights of Virginia cannot 
 be too highly praised. There were some persons, though, 
 who for glory and private gain did all in their power to 
 stir up the rebellion and to establish a separate govern- 
 ment. Kentucky was virtually left to her fate beyond 
 the mountains during the trying times following the close 
 of the Revolution. . 
 
 The needs of the territory and the constant menace 
 from these Spanish agents led the better class of men in 
 Kentucky to consider the question of asking Virginia to 
 be allowed the privilege of separation, with the expec- 
 tation of the territory's being formed into a State, equal 
 with others of the Union. This would give a better ad- 
 ministration of affairs and would put an end to the ef- 
 forts of agents from other countries desiring to establish 
 a separate nation. 
 
 On May 23, 1785, a convention of delegates met at 
 Danville and sent the following resolution to the Virginia 
 Assembly: "Resolved: That it is the duty of the con- 
 vention, as they regard the prosperity and happiness of 
 their constituents, to pray the General Assembly at the 
 ensuing session for an act to separate this district from 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 21 
 
 the present government, on terms honorable to both and 
 injurious to neither, in order that it may enjoy all the 
 advantages and rights of a free, sovereign and independ- 
 ent republic." 
 
 In 1786, Virginia passed the act providing for the 
 separation of Kentucky, but she made it conditional on 
 the willingness of the Congress of the United States to 
 admit Kentucky as one of the States of the Union, and 
 upon the willingness of Kentucky to become a- member 
 of the Union as soon as separated from Virginia, thus 
 preventing Kentucky from becoming an independent re- 
 public, or a part of any foreign nation. It was during 
 these days that enemies to both Kentucky and the nation 
 were busiest in their efforts secretly to plan for either 
 an independent government or an alliance with Spain. 
 Kentucky became a State in 1792, being the fifteenth in 
 the Union. 
 
 Progress 
 
 While the preceding pages have dealt largely with the 
 struggle for existence in the frontier country, it must 
 not be understood that during these years the entire at- 
 tention of the settlers was given to waging war against 
 the Indians. The Indian invasions were altogether too 
 frequent, and their savage cruelty entirely too terrible to 
 be mentioned here, and this continued for many years 
 after the country was supposed to be entirely free from 
 terrors of the sort. Yet the people had all the while 
 been doing remarkably well, not only in their efforts to 
 conquer the wilderness, but to establish a civilization 
 which compared favorably with the progress made in 
 the more settled sections of our country at that time. 
 
 The question of land titles offered a fine field for liti- 
 gation, and among the brilliant lawyers attracted to the 
 country was Henry Clay of Virginia, who in his twenty- 
 fifth year was elected to the State Legislature of Ken- 
 
22 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 tucky, and at thirty was a United States Senator. From 
 this period, with but few brief intervals, his long life 
 was spent in the public service, and in the highest 
 positions within the gift of the people. It was he who 
 said, "I would rather be right than be President." 
 In 1787, there was established at Lexington The Ken- 
 tucky Gazette, by John Bradford. This was the first 
 newspaper to be published west of the Allegheny Moun- 
 tains. Since they had no rural delivery in those days 
 the paper was sometimes weeks old before the people 
 received it. It was practically the only medium for the 
 general dissemination of knowledge throughout the set- 
 tlements. With great eagerness would the people of any 
 particular section assemble at their fort, store or tavern, 
 on "paper day," and the brightest youngster or the most 
 accomplished reader in the community would delight his 
 auditors by reading aloud the things that had happened, 
 in the world at large, the colonies in general, and in 
 Kentucky in particularl. 
 
 Early Schools and the First Seminary 
 
 At this early date, schools were established in Ken- 
 tucky and taught in the stockade forts. A Mrs. Coons 
 "kept" school at Harrod's Station; John May at McAfee, 
 and a Mr. Doniphan at Boonesborough. Later, log cabin 
 school houses were built farther out into the settlements. 
 The school boys were required to carry guns with them 
 to school, that they might be ready to meet any danger. 
 School books were rare and very expensive. The dili- 
 gent teacher would copy from his rare and expensive 
 texts lessons to be learned in the subject of arithmetic 
 and other branches, often one copy serving a whole 
 family. In 1798, local school books appeared. The Ken- 
 tucky Primer and The Kentucky Speller were printed at 
 Washington, the old county seat of Mason county, and 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 23 
 
 Harrison's Grammar was printed at Frankfort in the 
 same year. 
 
 Twenty thousand acres of land were given by Virginia 
 for the establishment of Transylvania Seminary in 1783. 
 Its first principal was the Rev. David Rice, a pioneer- 
 Presbyterian preacher and a graduate of Princeton Uni- 
 versity. In 1787 the institution was moved from near 
 Danville to Lexington. George Washington contributed 
 liberally to the maintenance of this school, and Lafayette, 
 on his return to America, visited the school and made a 
 donation to its support. From this seminary grew the 
 now famous Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky. 
 
 In 1798 the Legislature of Kentucky donated six thou- 
 sand acres of land to each county then in existence, for 
 the purpose of establishing county seminaries. In many 
 sections of the state these old pioneer buildings of brick 
 and stone may be seen today. These institutions did 
 much for education in their time. 
 
 Our Commonwealth had, even at this early period, 
 produced an unusual number of inventors of note. John 
 Fitch, in 1786, first successfully applied steam as a motor 
 power to passenger boats. James Rumsey, the same . 
 year, propelled a boat with steam. Edward West, in 
 1794, constructed a model boat and propelled it by steam, 
 on Elkhorn Creek, near Lexington. He later invented 
 the nail-cutting -machine which made it possible to cut 
 nails rapidly from wrought iron, whereas they had for- 
 merly been hammered out by hand. Thomas H. Barlow 
 invented the Planetarium, an instrument by which the 
 movements of the earth and moon around the sun were 
 shown. 
 
 State Government and Foreign Intrigue 
 
 Isaac Shelby, a native of Maryland, but who had spent 
 his early life in North Carolina with the frontiersmen, 
 fighting the Indians and rendering valant service in the 
 
24 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 War of the Revolution, after the conclusion of peace with 
 England had come to Kentucky in 1783. He, like Clark, 
 was a great leader of men. He took an active interest in 
 political, civil, military and social affairs in Kentucky, 
 and was elected the first Governor of the State. On the 
 ,>.^-^-^ fourth of June, 1792, the Legislature 
 
 assembled at Lexington. The chief busi- 
 ness of the first Legislature seems to 
 have been the selection of a site for a 
 permanent seat of government, or cap- 
 ital. Frankfort was finally decided upon, 
 and a State House of stone was erected. 
 Intrigue on the part of foreign gov- 
 Gov. Isaac Shelby emmcnts, however, did not cease with 
 the organization of State government. The Spanish 
 governor at New Orleans continued to send emissaries 
 into the State, seeking to arouse a spirit of discontent, 
 and if possible bring about a separation of the State 
 from the Union. So successful were these agents that 
 they were able to secure the good will of some men 
 in high places, by paying as high as two thousand dol- 
 lars a year salary. One Thomas Power seems to have 
 been the most active agent of the Spanish government, 
 and he held out as an inducement the great commercial 
 privileges that would come to Kentucky through the free 
 navigation of the Mississippi River, and he further of- 
 fered to place two hundred thousand dollars at the dis- 
 posal of his friends if they would bring about a separa- 
 tion from the nation. These treasonable offers, however, 
 were spurned, with one or two exceptions, by the sturdy 
 and loyal manhood of Kentucky. 
 
 After the overtures of the Spanish agents, came the 
 royal offers of an English protectorate, and later the 
 offensive scheme of Genet and his French agents to arm 
 and equip a flotilla of two thousand Kentuckians for the 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 25 
 
 purpose of capturing New Orleans, and thus reopen the 
 Mississippi River for navigation, which had been so prof- 
 itable to Kentuckians prior to the withdrawal of that 
 privilege by the Spanish government. 
 
 In 1805, Aaron. Burr, whose term as Vice-President of 
 the United States had expired, became unpopular be- 
 cause of his criticisms of the administration of President 
 Jefferson, and because of his having killed Alexander 
 Hamilton in a duel. Being ambitious, Burr was mor- 
 bidly restless because of the turn his fortunes had taken. 
 He visited Kentucky and different points between New 
 Orleans and St. Louis. He succeeded in drawing into 
 his plans one Blennerhassett, a wealthy man who lived 
 on a beautiful island in the Ohio River. It is supposed 
 that his plan was to found an empire in the West, and to 
 make himself the ruler of the same. During Burr's 
 visits to Kentucky, it is said that he frequently made his 
 headquarters at an old brick residence in Eddyville, 
 overlooking the Cumberland River. In November, 1806, 
 Burr was brought into court at Frankfort, charged with 
 organizing a military expedition against Mexico. He was 
 defended by Henry Clay and the grand jury failed to indict 
 him. This acquittal was celebrated by a ball at Frankfort. 
 A few months later he was arrested in Alabama, taken to 
 Richmond, Va. , and acquitted of treason after a trial lasting 
 six months. 
 
 Indian Wars and War of 1812 
 
 The great Shawnee chief, Tecumseh, formed a federa- 
 tion of all the northern tribes of Indians for a general 
 massacre of all settlers west of the Alleghenies. Ken- 
 tucky contributed a great number of soldiers to the army 
 under General William Henry Harrison. This army, 
 with Governor Shelby at the head of the Kentucky bri- 
 gade, marched against the northern tribes and defeated 
 them at the Battle of Tippecanoe. The fleeing Indians 
 
26 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 were overtaken at the River Thames, and the cry of the 
 Kentuckians was, "Remember the Raisin and revenge." 
 In this battle, Col. Richard F. Johnson of Kentucky slew 
 the noted chief, Tecumseh. 
 
 In the second war between the United States and Eng- 
 land, in 1812, Kentuckians took a prominent part in 
 nearly all battles against the British. Especially did they 
 distinguish themselves as expert riflemen at the Battle of 
 New Orleans. Most of the cannon ball used in this battle 
 had been made at the old iron furnace in Bath County, 
 near where Owingsville now stands, and a great portion 
 of the powder had been manufactured from the saltpeter 
 leached from the soil in Mammoth Cave, Edmonson 
 County, Kentucky. 
 
 While Kentuckians were winning laurels on the battle- 
 fields of the Indian wars and the War of 1812, literary 
 pursuits were not neglected. In 1785, John Filson wrote 
 the first history of the State, and drew maps of the re- 
 gion. In 1812, Humphrey Marshall, Sr., also wrote a 
 history of Kentucky. Colleges were being established, 
 and young men were being trained in classical lore and 
 oratory. Among the prominent orators of the early day 
 were Thomas F. Marshall and Richard M. Menefee. The 
 genius, ready wit, satire, and forensic power of Marshall 
 made him a favorite with all audiences at all times; but 
 unfortunately his habit of intemperance lessened his 
 powers and closed his career. The oratory of Menefee 
 was so pleasing and convincing as to cause him to be 
 called the Patrick Henry of the West. 
 
 Internal Improvements 
 
 The wealth of timber, mineral, and farm products of 
 the State was so great as to cause early improvements in 
 the building of macadamized roads or pikes, and as early 
 as 1830 the turnpike from Maysville to Lexington was 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 27 
 
 built to facilitate the movement of freight and farm prod- 
 ucts from the bluegrass region to the towns along the 
 Ohio River on the northern boundary. A similar road 
 was built from Louisville through Glasgow and Bowling 
 Green to Nashville, Tenn., and this road not only served 
 as a commercial outlet to the South, but has played an 
 important part in the history and subsequent develop- 
 ment of the State. 
 
 Early in the past century, interest was shown in the 
 making of the water courses of Kentucky navigable 
 throughout the year by the building of locks and dams. 
 These were built on Kentucky, Barren and Green Rivers. 
 Kentucky is said to have a greater number of miles of 
 navigable streams than is owned by any other State. Its 
 territory was supposed, in the early days, to extend to 
 low water mark on the eastern side of the Big Sandy 
 River, to the northern bank of the Ohio River, and to the 
 western bank of the Mississippi on the western border, 
 while the Kentucky, Barren and Green rivers lie wholly 
 within its borders, and the Cumberland and Tennessee 
 rivers cross the State in the western section. Green River 
 is said to be one of the deepest river waterways in the 
 world, and the scenery along its banks is indeed pictur- 
 esque. The towering walls on either side of the Ken- 
 tucky River between Frankfort and Beattyville rival in 
 grandeur and majestic beauty the famous palisades of 
 the Hudson or the castellated southern shore of the beau- 
 tiful Columbia River. 
 
 Railroad construction was early commenced in Ken- 
 tucky. While traveling from Lexington to Frankfort to- 
 day over the L. & N. railroad, one can see from the car 
 windows the old grade and the cuts indicating the line 
 along which ran the early cars on stones in which 
 grooves were cut for the guidance of the wheels instead 
 of the steel rail and the flange wheel of the present day. 
 
28 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 These early cars were drawn by mules, after they had 
 been pulled by a windlass up the cliff from the boat land- 
 ing at Frankfort. The mules and the rock rails were soon 
 replaced by two locomotives and iron rails. One engine 
 brought the train from Frankfort to a point half way, by 
 noon, and after the passengers had eaten dinner at Mid- 
 way, the other engine took the train on to Lexington. 
 
 Kentucky and Slavery 
 
 The early settlers from Virginia brought their slaves 
 with them, and when the State was established, no one 
 thought of abolishing the institution of slavery. The 
 melodious voices of the blacks could be heard in the 
 clearing grounds and the "black mammies" and the little 
 pickaninnies were familiar objects about every well-to-do 
 home. For the most part, the Kentuckian was consid- 
 erate of the welfare of his slaves, and both master and 
 slave were happy in the olden day. Those who are old 
 enough to remember, can tell some stories of the loyalty 
 of the slave to his master, and of the kindly relationship 
 that existed between the two races. About 1829 there 
 began to develop in the minds of many Kentuckians a 
 sentiment which afterward grew into strong opposition 
 to the state of affairs which made it possible for one 
 man to own the body and control the actions of another. 
 In 1831, Cassius M. Clay, while attending Yale College, 
 became thoroughly aroused to the evils of slavery, and 
 when he returned to Kentucky he began to speak and to 
 write in opposition to the institution. He established 
 a paper in Lexington by means of which he was able to 
 arouse sentiment in support of his contention against 
 slavery. He was probably the first pronounced and 
 powerful abolitionist in the State, and became almost as 
 famous in the South as was William Lloyd Garrison in 
 the North. 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 29 
 
 The question continued to be one of absorbing interest, 
 and the anti-slavery party gained in strength steadily. 
 When Texas declared her independence from Mexico, and 
 sought admission into the Union of States, the slavery 
 question was discussed in that connection in Kentucky as 
 heatedly as in any other section. General Zachary Tay- 
 lor, a native Kentuckian, born and reared near Louisville, 
 was placed in command of the American forces when war 
 was about to be declared against Mexico. This and the 
 fact that William 0. Butler and Thomas Marshall were 
 commissioned officers under Taylor, and also from Ken- 
 tucky, served to increase the interest in the approach- 
 ing struggle with Mexico, and intensified the zeal of 
 both the slavery and the anti-slavery parties. Everywhere 
 the question was, "Shall Texas come to us as a slave or 
 a free state?" 
 
 On the third of June, 1808, just about four years before 
 our Kentucky soldiers were called upon to enlist to do 
 battle against the British in the War of 1812, there was 
 born in an old-fashioned log house in that part of Ken- 
 tucky where the town of Fairview now stands, a boy 
 named Jefferson Davis, who was destined to become one 
 of the conspicuous characters in the nation. As a child, 
 he was mild of manner and rathef timid, but possessed a 
 strong and resolute will. He willingly and easily learned 
 the contents of such books as the schools of the time 
 afforded, and at an early age he matriculated as a student 
 at Transylvania Seminary, where he distinguished him- 
 self as a gentleman and a scholar. A point of interest in 
 Lexington is the quaint little house where he roomed 
 while he was a student at the Seminary. 
 
 The spirit of the times led young Davis to choose a 
 military career, and he entered West Point from which he 
 graduated in 1828 We find him soon as a captain in the 
 regiment commanded by General Zachary Taylor. While 
 
30 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 
 
 stationed at Louisville, he met, wooed, and wed the 
 beautiful daughter of General Taylor — not, however, 
 with the consent and blessing of the General. A pretty 
 story is told of Davis and Taylor concerning their recon- 
 ciliation. During the Mexican War, Davis commanded 
 a company of artillery. On one occasion. General Taylor 
 ordered Captain Bragg to unlimber and fire at the enemy, 
 and Bragg was disposed to urge the futility of the effort, 
 since it would result in presenting the battery to the 
 Mexicans and he thought there was no 
 hope of holding the position. With the 
 coolness for which he was noted, Cap- 
 tain Davis was seen to wheel his battery 
 into line, and he directed the ma- 
 neuvres in such manner as soon to be 
 in complete control, and the battle was 
 won. The next morning, says the story. 
 General Taylor sent an orderly to the 
 tent of Captain Davis, commanding him 
 to report at headquarters. The order was obeyed ; and 
 when Davis had saluted his superior officer and stood 
 at attention, the crusty old general stepped forward and, 
 with a moistened eye, extended his hand and said, 
 "Captain Davis, my daughter was a better judge of a man 
 than I." They were the warmest friends ever afterward. 
 While Davis was Secretary of War of the United States, 
 he practically reorganized the army and revised the tac- 
 tics. After the close of the Mexican War, he became a 
 Congressman from Mississippi, and afterward was sent to 
 the United States Senate from that State. When he 
 resigned his seat in the United States Senate, he deliv- 
 ered a farewell speech setting forth his reasons for so 
 doing. This is said to be one of the greatest addresses 
 ever delivered before the Senate. He was chosen Presi- 
 dent of the Southern Confederacy at a time when another 
 
 Jefferson Davis 
 
THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 31 
 
 great Kentuckian, who had been born in the same sec- 
 tion of the state, was President of the United States. 
 
 In a rude log hut, not many miles from the place where 
 Jefferson Davis first saw the light, was born a boy whom 
 the world has placed on the highest pedestal of fame. 
 Abraham Lincoln was born in Larue County on February 
 12, 1809; His life is so well known that there is little of 
 it not familiar to the average school boy. 
 
 The Civil War and Later 
 
 When the Civil War between the States of the Union 
 was about to begin, Kentucky refused to take sides in the 
 controversy, and in the strict sense of the term was 
 never out of the Union. When the President of the 
 United States called on Kentucky to furnish men and 
 equipment for the Union army, the Governor replied 
 that the State was neutral and would take no steps to- 
 ward secession, nor would it espouse coercion by force 
 of arms. The people, however, chose for themselves, 
 and enlisted in the Union or in the Confederate army, as 
 they believed to be in the right of the controversy. The 
 result was that about an equal number enlisted with both 
 armies. Hence the State became a common battle- 
 ground during the struggle, very much as it was in the 
 days when the Indian tribes from the North and from the 
 South met on our soil as a common battleground. Fami- 
 lies were divided as to their espousal of the respective 
 sides of the contest, father and son frequently taking up 
 arms on opposite sides. When the war closed, the peo- 
 ple went to work with a will to repair the damages in- 
 cident to the struggle, and no state has shown greater 
 progress in the developmei^t of its natural resources. 
 
 Probably no state has greater resources capable of de- 
 velopment. The coal beds of Eastern Kentucky comprise 
 an area of more than ten thousand square miles or about 
 
NOV 24 1913 
 
 32 
 
 THE STORY OF kp:ntuck:y 
 
 one-fourth the area of the whole state, and the western 
 coal fields underlie four thousand square miles, or about 
 one-tenth of the area of the state. Inexhaustible deposits 
 of iron ore are found, and the forests are exceedingly rich 
 in fine lumber. 
 
 The state has made wonderful progress in the de- 
 velopment of the school system. In fact, no other state 
 has a more practical and efficient school system, nor has 
 any state a more determined set of school workers. 
 
 Kentucky has had three permanent Capitol buildings. 
 The last was completed in 1909 at a cost of $1,750,000, 
 and is considered one of the handsomest structures of its 
 kind in the Union. 
 
 Great virtues are sometimes accompanied by great 
 faults; but Kentucky's faults have been those born of 
 isolation and inaccessibility. Now that her railways are 
 penetrating into even the remotest districts, bringing 
 her citizens into closer and quicker communication with 
 the outside world, her people rapidly are becoming united 
 in their efforts to make her future eclipse her glorious 
 past. With the purest Anglo-Saxon blood in the United 
 States forming the greater part of her citizenship, and the 
 riches of her forests and mountains even now just begin- 
 ning to pour into the laps of the people, a great future is 
 inevitable for Kentucky, "The land of the China Brier." 
 
 Ancient Mound, Greenup County 
 
INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES-Continued 
 
 136 Peeps into Bird Nooks— I— Afc Fee 
 
 181 Stories of the Stars— AfcFee 
 
 205 Eyes and No Kyes and the Three Giants 
 History and Biog:raphy 
 
 5 Story of Lincoln — Reiter 
 56 Indian Children Tales— ^mjA 
 
 78 Stories of the Backwoods— ^<?z7^^ 
 
 79 A Little New England Viking — Baker 
 
 81 Story of DeSoto-//a//f^/if 
 
 82 Story of Daniel Boone — Reiter 
 
 83 Story of Printing — McCabe 
 
 84 Story of David Crockett— A'^?7<?r 
 
 85 Story of Patrick Yienvy—Uttle field 
 
 86 American Inventors— I (Whitney and 
 
 Fulton) — Paris 
 
 87 American Inventors — II (Morse and Edi- 
 
 son)— i^ar/^ 
 
 88 American Naval Heroes (Jones, Perry, 
 
 Farragut) — Bush 
 
 89 Fremont and Kit Carson— //^rfrf 
 
 91 Story of Eugene Field — McCahe 
 
 178 Story of Lexington and Bunker Hill. 
 
 182 Story of Joan oi KvQ—McFee 
 
 207 Famous Artists, II— Reynolds— Murillo 
 243 Famous Artists — III — Millet — Cranston 
 248 Makers of European YL\s\.oxy — IV kite 
 Literature 
 
 90 Fifteen Selections from Longfellow — I 
 
 (A Village Blacksmith, Children's 
 Hour and other poems) 
 
 95 Japanese Myths and Legends — McFee 
 103 Stories from the Old Testament— 7l/ci^^^ 
 III Water Babies (Abridged)— AY w^^/^jV 
 
 171 Tohni of the Treetops — Gri})ies 
 
 172 Labu, the Little I<ake Dweller— C^zw^i 
 195 Night before Christmas and Other 
 
 Christmas Poems and Stories. 
 
 201 Alice's First Adventures in Wonder- 
 
 land — Carroll 
 
 202 Alice's Further Adventures in Wonder- 
 
 land-Car? o// 
 
 FIFTH YEAR 
 Nature and Industry 
 
 92 Animal Life in the Sea — McFee 
 
 93 Story of Silk — Brown 
 
 94 Story of Sugar— i^^z/^r 
 
 96 Wiiat We Drink (Tea, Coffee and Cocoa) 
 139 Peeps into Bird Nooks, 11— McFee 
 
 2IO Snowdrops and Crocuse? — Mann 
 
 280 Making of the WovUl—Nrmdon 
 
 281 Builders of the World— I/crndo?i 
 2S3 Stories of Time— /<«iA 
 History and Biography 
 
 16 Explorations of the Northwest 
 
 80 Story of the Cahots-McBt ide 
 
 97 Story of the Norsemen — Hanson 
 
 98 Story of Nathan Yla\^— McCabe 
 
 99 Story of Jefferson — McCabe 
 
 100 Story oi^-xanX.— McFee 
 
 101 Story of Robert E. l^^.^—McKane 
 
 105 Story of Canada — Douglas 
 
 106 Story of Mexico — McCabe 
 
 iQ'j Story of Robert LouisStevenson — Bush 
 no Story of Hawthorne- J/rF<'^ 
 H2 Biographical Stories— Hawthorne 
 141 Story of Grant— il/cAaw*? 
 
 144 Story of Steam — McCabe 
 
 145 Story of McKiuley — McBride 
 
 179 Storj' of the Flag — Baker 
 
 190 Story of Father Hennepin — McBride 
 
 191 Story of LaSalle — McDride 
 
 185 Storv of the First Crusade— il/^arf 
 
 217 Story of Florence Nightingale— AfcZ-c.? 
 
 218 Story of Peter Cooper— J/c/v^ 
 232 Story of Shakespeare — Grames 
 
 287 Life in Colonial Days — Tilling hast 
 Literature 
 
 8 King of the Golden River — Ruskin 
 
 9 The Golden Touch — Hawthorne 
 6x Story of Siudbad the Sailor 
 
 108 History in Verse (Sheridan's Ride, In- 
 
 dependence Bell, etc.) 
 
 113 Little Daffydowndilly and Other Stories 
 
 — Hawilioi fie 
 180 Story of Aladdin and of Ali Baba— Z.^it/J5 
 
 183 A Dog of Flanders- Z'^ la Raniee 
 
 184 The Nurnberg Stove — De la Ravtee 
 
 186 Heroes from King Arthur — Grames 
 194 Whittier's Poems. Selected. 
 
 199 Jackanapes — Eiving 
 
 200 The Child of Urbino— Z>^ la Ramee 
 2c8 Heroes of Asgard — Selections — Keary 
 212 Story of Robin Wood— Biish 
 
 234 Poems Worth Knowing — Book II — Inter- 
 mediate — Faxon 
 
 SIXTH YEAR 
 Nature and Industry 
 
 109 Gifts of tlie Forest (Rubber, Cinchona, 
 
 Resin, etc.) — McFee 
 Geography 
 
 114 Great European Cities — I (London and 
 
 Paris) — Bush 
 
 115 Great European Cities— II (Rome and 
 
 Berlin —^//5A 
 
 168 Great European Cities— III (St. Peters- 
 burg and Constantinople) — Bush 
 
 247 The Chinese and Their "Country— /'aw/- 
 son 
 
 285 Story of Panama and the Canal 
 History and Biography 
 
 73 Four Great 'Musicians— Bush 
 
 74 Four More Great Musicians — Bush 
 
 116 Old English Heroes (Alfred, Richard the 
 
 Lion-Heaited, The Black Prince) 
 
 117 Later English Heroes (Cromwell, Well- 
 
 ington, 0\adiStowe)— Bush 
 160 Heroes of the Revolution — Tristram 
 163 Stories of Courage — Bush 
 
 187 Lives of Webster and Clay — Tiistram 
 
 188 Story of Napoleon— ^7<j/f 
 
 189 Stories of Heroism — Bush 
 
 197 Story of Lafayette — Bush 
 
 198 Story of Roger Williams — Leightou 
 209 Lewis and Clark Expedition- Herndon 
 224 Story of William TeW—hallock 
 
 286 Story of Slavery— 5(?o^^r T. Washington 
 246 What I Saw in Japan— Griffis 
 
 509 Story of Georgia — Derry 
 
 511 Story of Illinois— .Swz^/t 
 
 512 Story of Indiana— Clem 
 
 513 Story of Iowa — McFee 
 
 520 Story of Kentucky — Eubank 
 
 520 Story of Michigan— 5A;/w«^r 
 
 521 Story of Minnesota— .S^^MM^r 
 533 Story oi 0\\\o—Galbreath 
 
 536 Story of Pennsylvania -March 
 547 Story of Wisconsin— 5AzwM<'r 
 
 Literature 
 
 10 The Snow Ima^e— Hawthorne 
 
 11 Rip Van Winkle— ^'t'/we 
 
 12 Legend of Sleepy Hollow — Irving 
 
 CoutDiucd vn next page 
 
INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES-Continued 
 
 235 Poems Worth Kuowing— III— Grammar 
 — Faxon 
 
 238 [yanil)'s Adventures of Ulj'sses — Part I 
 
 239 Lamb's Adveutiires of Ulysses — Part II 
 
 241 Story of the Iliad — Church (coudensedj 
 
 242 Story of the ^ueid— C/jMrc/t(coud'sed) 
 
 Literature EIGHTH YEAR 
 
 17 Enoch Arden — Tenyiyson 
 
 18 Visiou of Sir Lauufal — Lowell 
 
 19 Cotter's Saturday Ni^iit— /?7trw5 
 23 The Deserted Village and Traveler- 
 Co W^wz7 A 
 
 126 Rime of the Ancient Mariner 
 
 127 Gray's Elegy and Other Poems 
 
 128 Speeches of Lincoln 
 
 129 Selections from Julius Caesar 
 
 130 Selections from Henr3'^ the Eighth 
 
 131 Selections from Macbeth 
 
 142 Scott's Lady of the Lake— Canto I 
 
 154 Scott's Lady of the Lake— Cauto II 
 
 143 Building of the Ship and Other Poems— 
 Lons: fellow 
 
 148 Horatius, Ivry, The Ariuada — Macaulay 
 
 150 Bunker Hill Address— Selections from 
 the Adams and Jefferson Oration — 
 Webster 
 
 151 Gold Bug, The— Po^ 
 153 Prisoner of Chillou and Other Poems— 
 
 Byron 
 
 155 Rhoecus and Other Poems — Lo7cell 
 
 156 Edgar Allan Poe — Biograpli3' and Se- 
 lected Poems — Link 
 
 158 Washington's P'arewell Address and 
 Other Papers 
 
 169 Abram Joseph Ryan— Biography and 
 Selected Poems — Smith 
 
 170 PaulH. Hayne — Biography and Selected 
 Poems— Z/w4: 
 
 215 Life of Samuel Johnson — Macaulay 
 221 Sir Roger de Coverley Takers— Addison 
 
 236 Poems Worth Knowing — IV — Advanced 
 —Faxon 
 
 237 Lay of the Last Minstv&l— Scott. Intro- 
 duction and Canto I 
 
 Twelve or more copies sent prepaid at 60 cents per dozen or $5.00 per hundred. 
 Price 5 Cents Each. Postage, 1 Cent per copy extra. Order by Number. 
 
 ~I!Zm ANNOTATED CLASSICS AND 
 erieS SUPPLEnENTARV READERS 
 
 21 Cricket on the Hearth. Chas. Dickens. 
 Complete with notes iOc 
 
 23 Familiar Legends. McFee. Old tales 
 retold for young people 10c 
 
 25 Some Water Birds. McFee. Description, 
 and stories of, Fourth to Sixth grades 10c 
 
 27 Hiawatha. Introduction and notes, .15c 
 
 29 Milton's riinor Poems. Biography, in- 
 troduction, notes, questions, critical com- 
 ments and pronouncing vocabulary. .I5c 
 
 31 Idylls of the King. (Coming of Arthur, 
 Gareth and Lynetle, Lancelot and Elaine. 
 Passing of Arthur). Biography, introduc- 
 tion, notes, questions, critical comments 
 and pronouncing vocabulary 15c 
 
 33 Silas Marner. Eliot. Biography, notes, 
 questions, critical comments, bibliog- 
 raphy, 230 pages. Paper 20c 
 
 34 Same iti cloth binding 30c 
 
 22 Rab and His Friends — Brown 
 
 24 Tliree Golden Apples — Ha7vthorne 
 
 25 The Miraculous Pitcher — Hawthorne 
 
 26 The Minotaur — Hawthorne 
 
 118 Tale of the White Hills and Other 
 
 ^\.ox\>ts,— Hawthorne 
 
 119 Bryant's Thanatopsis and Other Poems 
 
 120 Ten Selections from Longfellow — (Paul 
 
 Revere's Ride, The Skeleton in Armor 
 and otlier poems) 
 
 121 Selections from Holmes 
 
 122 The Pied Piper of Hamelin — Browning 
 161 The Great Carbuncle, Mr. Higgin- 
 
 botham's Catastrophe, Snowflakes — 
 
 Haivthorne 
 163 The Pygmies — Hawthorne 
 211 The Golden Fleece — Hawthorne 
 
 222 Kingsley's Greek Heroes— Part I. The 
 
 Story of Perseus 
 
 223 Kingsley's Greek Heroes— Part II. The 
 
 Story of Theseus 
 225 Tennyson's Poems— For various grades 
 229 Responsive Bible Reailino-s — Zeller 
 284 Story of Little Nell— .SwzY/z 
 
 SEVENTH YEAR 
 Literature 
 
 13 Courtship of Miles Standish 
 
 14 Evangeline — Longfellow 
 
 15 Snow V.onnA—Whittier 
 
 20 The Great Stone 'Bac^^Hawthorne 
 
 123 Selections from Wordsworth 
 
 124 Selections from Shelley and Keats 
 
 125 Selections from Merchant of Venice 
 147 Story of King Arthur as told by Tenny- 
 son— //'«//<?c>fe 
 
 149 Man Without a Country, Thtt—Hale 
 
 192 Story of Jean Valjean — Grames 
 
 193 Selections from the Sketch Book. 
 196 The Gray Champion — Hawthorne 
 
 213 Poems of Thomas Moore — Selected 
 
 214 More Selections from the Sketch Book 
 216 Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare— Sel'd. 
 231 The Oregon Trail(Condensed from Park- 
 man) — Grames 
 
 EXCELSIOR Literature S 
 
 I Evangeline. Biography, introduction, 
 oral and written exercises and notes. 10c 
 3 Courtship of Miles Standish. With In- 
 troduction and Notes 10c 
 
 5 Vision of Sir Launfal. Biography, intro- 
 duction, notes, outlines 10c 
 
 7 Enoch Arden. Tennyson. Biography, in- 
 troduction, notes, outlines, questions.. 10c 
 
 g Great Stone Face. Hawthorne. Biog- 
 raphy, introduction, notes, outlines. .10c 
 
 II Browning's Poems. Selected poems with 
 notes and outlines lor study 10c 
 
 13 Wordsworth's Poems. Selected poem 
 with introduction, notes and outlines. 10c 
 
 15 Sohrab and Rustum. Arnold. With in- 
 troduction, notes and outlines 10c 
 
 17 The Children's Poet. Study of Longfel- 
 low's poetry for children, with poems 10c 
 
 19 A Chri.^tmas Carol. Charles Dickens. 
 Complete with notes 10c