UBRARY OF CONGRESS DD027'=]47'^S5 mi Book Copyright N" COPYRIGHT DEPOSrr \ ( Vol. 3, No. 27. NOVEMBER, 1894. Jrice, 10 Cents Issued Montnly. ._ zJ^ ylTHLETIC &EGE ATHLET1C3 ^^-^RAINING '^rAcnuRPHY OP VALE PUBLISHED BY THE p/^Ei^/0N SP9R3 PUBUSfim C9 2^1 m^ADWAV. /SEW YQRK Entered at the Ncvj York t'ost Of/ice, N. K, as Second C.ass Matter. SPALDING'S ATHLETIC IMPLEMENTS, SPALDING'S REGULATION 16-LB. HAMMER. mp ^ w WITH LATEST I IMPROVED WIRE HANDLE. This Hammer is practically inde- structible, and its use avoids the vexa- tious delays occasioned by broken handles. They are used almost exclusively by the leadin' Hammer Throwers. Xo. No. 10. Wire Handle, i6-lb. Lead. (5. Wire Handle, 16-II). Iron, Each, $10.00 7. 50 SPALDING'S REGULATION 56.LB. WEIGHT, With the famous HITCHELL Handle. ___^.__ - "^^^ handles furnished with our s6-lb, |^~ Jj [{^ " ^ J ) weights are the same as used and de- ^^^^•^^ ^ ^' -V^ ' ^ signed by Mr. J. S. Mitchell, the Cham- pion Weight Thrower of America, who has given us exclusive right to use his name in connection with the above han- dles. Each weight is put in box, com- plete, with two sets of handles, for one or two hands. Iron 56-lb. Weights, complete, .... $IO.OO Lead 56-lb. Weights, complete, . ... . 1 3.00 Our Illustrated Catalogue contains the onlj^ complete line of Appliances for Outdoor Athletics. Mailed Free. A. G. SPALDING & BROS., Chicago. Philadelphia. New York. /9 MICHAEL C. MURPHY, Athletic Director, Yale University. eOLloEQE y>cT^lbETICS, MICMAEL e mRPtiY •athletic DIRFCTOR YALE COLLEGE ) A !U)(IK I)KV<»ri:i) K) GKNKKAI. A I 1 1 1,1 IKS, Kl WINC, JIMI'INC JlLkDMM"., WHICH r TIIKtiU INt;, W I I H A iHAriKR ON rHK I.AIKSI' MKIIIitl) (II' IKAlMNi;. ALSO A SI'KCIAI. ( IIAI'IKK ON SIAKllNC. " Ne"»'V Yor'l>i City. V Gvioi •ff\e Entered according to Act of Congress in the year i894, by the American Sports Publishing Company, IN THE OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, AT WASHINGTON. I .O Intercollegiate Association AMATEUR ATHLETES OF AMERICA. CONSTITUTION. ARTICLE I. NAME. This Association shall be known as the Inter-C<)1.i.K(;iatk Association ok Amateur Athletes of America. ARTICLE II. object. The object of this Association shall be the protection of the mutual interests of the different colleges which comprise the As- sociation, and the advancement and improvement of Amateur Athletic Sports among colleges. ARTICLE III. The membership of this Association shall be limited to col- leges of good and regular standing ; and any associate college not giving at least one athletic meeting each year shall pay a fine of twenty-five dollars, to be paid at or before the next annual meeting ; and in default of such payment, such college shall forfeit its membership. e COLLEGU ATHLEtieS. ARTICLE IV. This Association shall in future remain an independent organization, governed entirely by its own Constitution and Laws of Athletics, and any college holding games under other rules shall be expelled from the I. C. A. A. A. A. ARTICLE V. DEFINITION. An amateur is a person who has never competed in an open competition, or for money, or under a false name ; or with a professional for a prize ; or with a professional where gate money is charged ; nor has any time taught, pursued or assisted at athletic exercises for money, or for any valuable considera- tion. But nothing in this definition shall be construed to pro- hibit the competition between amateurs for medals, cups, or other prizes than money. And it is hereby expressly declared that this defiinition is not retroactive, and that all past acts of amateurs shall be judged in accordance with the provisions of the old definition ; and that the foregoing definition shall take eflfect on and after the 25th day of February, 1888. To prevent any misunderstanding in reading the above, the Association draws attention to the following explanations and adjudications. An athlete has forfeited his right to compete as an amateur, and has thereby become a professional, by — (a) Ever having competed in an open competition, i. e., a competition the entries to which are open to all, irrespective as to whether the competitors are amateurs or professionals,' and whether such competion be for a prize or not, in any athletic exercises, viz., base-ball, rowing, cricket, etc, (6) Ever having competed for money in any athletic exercise. (c) Ever having competed under a false name in any athletic exercise. (d) Ever having knowingly competed with a professional for a prize, or where gate money is charged, in any athletic exer- cise. COLLEGE ATHLETICS. 7 (e) Ever having taught or j)ursued as a means of livelihood any athletic exercise. (f) Ever having directly or indirectly accepted or received remuneration for engaging in any athletic exercise. An athlete shall hereafter forfeit his right to compete as an amateur, and shall thereby become a professional, if, at any time after the foregoing definition shall take effect, he shall — (i) Directly or indirectly receive payment for training or coaching any other person in any athletic exercise. (2) Directly or indirectly receive payment for services per- sonally rendered in teaching any athletic exercise. (3) Directly or indirectly receive payment for services rend- ered as Referee, Judge, Umpire, Scorer, Manager, Director, or in any other capacity at any professional exhibition or con- test of any athletic txercise whatsoever. Note. Nothing herein shall be construed to prohibit the ac- ceptance by any amateur of his necessary traveling expenses incurred as Referee, Judge, Umpire, Scorer, or Starter, in go- ing to and from the place of any amateur contest. (4) Directly or indirectly run, manage, or direct, for pros- pective profit, any professional exhibition or contest. An amateur shall not forfeit his right to compete as an ama- teur, and shall not become a professional, by — (a) Receiving compensation for services rendered as ticket taker or ticket seller at any contest or exhibition of amateur athletics. (b) Receiving compensation for services personally rendered as Secretary, Treasurer, Manager or Superintendent of any amateur athletic club. (c) Receiving compensation as editor, correspondent, or re- porter of, or contributor to, any sporting, athletic, or other paper or periodical. (d) Running, managing, or directing, for prospective profit, any sporting, athletic, or other paper or periodical. (e) Receiving compensation for services personally rendered 8 COIiLBGE ATHIiBTICS. as official handicapper, under the direction and authority of any amateur athletic association. (/) Receiving from a club of which he shall be a member, the amount of his expenses necessarily incuired in traveling to and from the place of any amateur contest. (g) Nothing in this rule shall be construed so as to consider a man a professional who has played on a college team against a professional team. This Association hereby declares its jurisdiction, in so far as it does not deviate from the laws governing amateur athletics, over the following athletic exercise : ^ • 1. Running (all distances). 2. Walking (all distances). 3. Jumping (of any character). 4. Pole-vaulting. 5. Putting the shot. 6. Throwing the hammer. 7. Throwing of weights. ARTICLE VI. The management of this Association shall be entrusted to an Executive Committee, consisting of four members and the President (exofficU). They shall be elected for the term of one year, and no college shall have more than one representa- tive in the Executive Committee. Vacancies in the member- ship of the Executive Committee, arising from any cause what- ever shall be filled by the college of which said student is a member. Two members of said committee must reside in New York City. The Secretary of the Association shall attend all meet- ings of the Executive Committee, but have no vote. He shall also, ex officio, be a member of the incoming Executive Com- mittee. ARTICLE VII. No officer of this Association shall receive any money for his services. COLLEGE ATHLETirS, 9 ARTICLE MIL APPLICATION FOR MEMBERbHIP. Any college desiring to join the Association shall send to the Secretary an application for membership in writing ; saiil ap- plication to be submitted to the Association at its annual meeting. ARTK LE IX. The annual convention of this Association shall be held in New York City, at half past two, upon the last Saturday in February of each year. The annual field meeting shall be held in the afternoon of the last Saturday in May on each year, but the trial heats of the quarter-mile shall be run in the morn- ing, beginning at ten o'clock, and the field events shall be started at the same time and continued until not more than five men are left to compete in the afternoon in each event. ARTICLE X. A special meeting may be called at the written request of any college belonging to this Association, provided that a notice of such meeting be sent to every college at least fifteen days be- fore the date assigned for such meeting. ARTICLE XL REPRESENTATION. At all meetings each college may be represented by no more than three delegates, each of whom may take part in all dis- cussions ; but in the decision of any matter each college shall be entitled to only one vote. No voting by proxy shall be al- lowed. ARTICLE XII. Each associate college agrees to accept the rules of this Association. ARTICLE XIII. The dues shall be $io, payable at the annual meeting ; the above sum to be received with the understanding that it shall be for the purpose of defraying the expense of entrance fees for the different competitors. 10 COLLEGE ATHLETICS. ARTICLE XIV. Any violation of the rules of the Association shall render a college liable to suspension by ihe Executive Committee until the next meeting of the Association, and to expulsion by a two- thirds vote of the colleges represented at such meeting. ARTICLE XV. Any alumnus, ex-member, or graduate may be present at all meetings of the Association, may make motions, shall be allowed to enter into discussion, but not to vote for the college he re- presents ARTICLE XVI. No one shall represent any college or university as a competi- tor at intercollegiate meetings, who has not been a member of that college or university in good and regular standing from the fifteenth of the preceding October. In case a competitor's qual- ifications are questioned, he shall furnish to the Executive Committee a certificate signed by three members of the Faculty of the college or university he claims to represent, stating that he regularly attends lectures and recitations amounting to at least five hours a week at such college or university, and has done so since^the fifteenth of October of the college year prior to said meeting. ARTICLE XVII. A student shall be allowed to compete at the Intercollegiate meeting four times and no more, no matter whether he changes from one college and goes to another or not. This applies to all departments, viz.. Medical, Law, Academical, etc. It shall be understood that a student may compete two years in one department or college and then go to another department or college and compete the remaining two, but in no event shall a student compete more than four times. ARTICLE XVIII. The starter of the games shall be a professional of known integrity and ability. OOLLEGE ATHLETICS. 11 ARTICLE XIX. The officials who control the games shall ue composed entirely of non-college men. ARTICLE XX. AMENDMENTS. No addition, alteration or amendment shall be made to this "Constitution at any meeting, except by a two-thirds vote of the colleges represented. At least thirty days' notice of any such proposed change must be given to the Secretary, of which due notice shall at once be sent to the colleges belonging to this Association. BY-LAWS ARTICLE I. Section i. The officers of this Association shall be a Presi- dent, Vice-President, Secretary and Treasurer, who shall hold office for the period of one year, and shall be elected by a majority vote of all colleges lepresented at the annual meeting. Sec. 2. No candidate for the position of President or Vice- President shall be eligible, unless at the time of his election he is an undergraduate in one of the colleges of the Association ; by 'undergraduate" is meant an undergraduate in any depart- ment. Sec. 3. No candidate for the position of Secretary or Treas- urer shall be eligible whose college course will end sooner than one year from the date of his election. ARTICLE IL duties of officers. Section i. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Association and of the Executive Committee, appoint all sub-committees, audit and approve all bills, and order meetings of the Executive Committee, or Association, whenever, in his judgment, he may deem it necessary Sec. 2. The Vice-President shall, during the absence of the President, perform all his duties, as specified in Section i. Sec. 3. The Secretary shall keep the minutes of each meeting of the Association, and of the Executive Committee ; and shall conduct the correspondence, and have charge of^ and be respon- sible for, all books and papers except those of the Treasurer ; COIiIiE«E ATHLETICS. 13 and shall. e,vofficio, be a member of the incomini,' Executive Committee. Sec. 4. The Treasurer shall collect and have charge of all moneys belonging to the Association, shall pay all bills, when properly approved, and submit a report thereof to the Associa- tion at the regular meeting or whenever called upon to do so. Sec. 5. The Treasurer's report shall be submitted to. and audited by, some responsible accountant before being submitted to, and accepted by, the Association at its annual convention. AKIICLK III. Section i. The Executive Committee shall assume entire control of the annual games and shall decide all protests. Sec. 2. The annual meeting of the Executive Committee shall be held the evening before the annual field meeting. ARTICLE IV. Entries to the games shall close at least three weeks before the day assigned for the games. At least fifteen days before the annual games, a printed list of all the entries shall be sent by the Secretary to all colleges of the Association. Protests must be sent to the Secretary as soon as this list is received, stating the grounds on which the protest is made. The Secretary shall at once notify the members pro- tested, and all members of the Executive Committee. He shall also send to the members protested a printed certi- ficate of qualification, to be signed according to Article XVI. This certificate must have printed plainly upon its face Article XVI. of the Constitution, with a space below for signatures. Certificates of qualification signed according to Article XVI. must be presented by protested contestants to the Executive Committee at or before its annual meeting held the evening before the games. 14 COLLEGE ATHLETICS. ARTICLE V. CHAMPIONSHIP GAMES. The Championship games shall include : Running loo yards. Running 220 yards. Running one-quarter mile. Running one-half mile. Running one mile. Hurdle racing, 120 yards, 10 hurdles, 3 feet 6 inches. Hurdle racing, 220 yards 10 hurdles, 2 feet 6 inches. Walking one mile. Running high jump. Running broad jump. Pole vaulting. Putting the shot, 16 lbs. Throwing the hammer. 16 lbs. Bicycle racing, two miles. ARTICLE VI. The order of events shall in all field meetings be as fdllow TRACK EVKNTS. 440 yards run trial heat, 10 a.m. 1. loo-yards dash. 2. 120-yards hurdle. 3. lOO-yards trial for those second in first trial heats. 4. Two-mile bicycle, trial heats. 5. 120-yards hurdle, final heat. 6. loo-yards dash, final heat. 7. One-mile run. S. One-mile walk. 9. 440-yards dash, final heat. 10. 220-yards hurdle, trial heats. 11. 220-yards dash, trial heats. 12. Half-mile run. 13. Two-mile bicycle, final heat. College athletics. 15 14. 220-yartls luudie, final heat. 15. 220-yar(ls dasli. final heat, FIKI.D EVKNIS. 1. Throwintj; the haninur. 2. Tule vault. 3. Running high jump. 4. Running hroad jump. 5. Putting the shot. ARTICLE VII. AH bills shall he presented to the Rresident, or in the event of his absence, to the Vice-President, and shall be audited by him. In case of approval, lie shall affix his signature and date of approval. After such approval the Treasurer shall be authorized to pay. ARTICLE VIII. ORDF.R OF RISINKSS. Roll call. Reading, correction and adoption of minutes. Unfinished business. Reports and communications. Election of officers. Adjournment. ARTICLE IX. These By-Laws may be altered, amended or suspended at any meeting of the Association by a two-thirds vote of the colleges present, provided two weeks' notice shall have been given to every college belonging to the Association. ARTICLE X. No college shall enter more than eight men for any one com- petition, or start more than five. RULES TO GOVERN THE AWARDING OF THE CHAMPIONSHIP CUP. RULE I. This cup shall be awarded to that college of the Intercol- ley at least two ofHcial measurers Said timers and measurers shall be regularly approved by (he ''■club' or association giving games, or by the referee. INTRODUCTION It Is ail indisputable fact that no animal is^so nmcli im- proved l>y training as man— none stands sucii long and severe preparation "vvith advantage— and none displays the didference between condition and its absence in so great a degree. But it is not onl>' that man may be enabled to do certain feats of activity and strength that training is desirable, but tliat he may do them with pleasure to himself, and even Avitli advan- tage to his general health; and this marks the grand prin- ciple which every man who values his health should certainly keep in view, namely, that no one should attempt to compete in any contest requiring agility or strength unless he has had such a preparation as shall enable him to perform his task without feeling any ill effecls fiom it. For instance thcj man in condition can row through a race of three or four miles in which his whole powers aie taxed to their very utmost, and shall, at the end of it, be almost blind from the exertion he has made; and yet before ho gets out of the boat he is "all right," and could go through the same in half an hour witliout injury— whilst the man out of condition iies nearly fainting or perhaps quite insensible, for many minutes or even still longer, and is only revived by stimuli to an extent which will not allow any further liberty to be taken with his naturaxly strong constitution. Pluck will do much in place of condition, but numberless are the instances of ruined health from the excessive draughts which have been made upon this valuable quality, whilst a little care and abstinence would have prevented any such irreparable misfortune. Te enable a man who is ot sound constitution— but, from mismanage- ment, out of health— to restore himself to such a state as will allow him to go into training without mischief, is rather a difficult task in most cases, because it not only requires some skill to know what to do, but also great self-command to avoid that which ought not to be done. In the vast majority of instances the health lias been impaired by excess 32 COIiliEGE ATHL.ET10S. of some kind (and in many by every variety of excess whicli hnman ingenuity can invent). There are two l^inds of excess which are the most likely to produce such a state as 1 am sup- posing—namely, excess in eating, drinking, etc., and excess in literary or other sedentary pursuits. Either will for a time entirely upset the powers of the stomach, and in fact of the whole system, and each will require very different treatment in order to restore those powers. These conditions will also vary very much according to the rank in life, habits and natural (onstltution of the individual. For instance, a wealthy young man, having been generously brought up, goes to the univer- sity and indulges to excess in wine, smoking, etc. For a time his naturally strong constitution enables him to withstand the attacks of the poisonous doses of wine and tobacco which lie is taking, but soon his appetite for solid food ceases, his eyes become red, liis sleep is restless and unrefreshing. Now. if in such a state as this an attempt is made to go suddenly into training the consequence is that the stomach refuses to do its duty, and the prescribed work cannot be performed from giddiness, faintness, sickness or headache. By a little care and time, however, this state of things can be remedied. But suppose the case of a young man in a lower rank, who has been brought up on a spare and rigidly abstemious fare, and who from circumstances is suddenly allowed to indulge in all the temptations of the saloon- he has no other resource ; no riding or tennis to take up his attention ; no lectures to attend, and the consequence is that the beer and tobacco commence the day, and the tobacco and spirits wind it up, Such a man suddenly finds all his energies going, his mind dull and en- feebled, his body weak, flabby and bloated. In a happy moment he thinks to himself that he will take to boating, or Sv^me other amusement which he has formerly perhaps been addicted to, and at once proceeds to the river. Well! what is the consequence' Instead of feeling better for his exertion he is completely exhausted, and perhaps, permanently discour- aged and deterred from any further trial; in fact, he requires a much more careful treatment to get him into a state of health fit for such an exertion than the collegian, because the change from his former habits has been greater, because the imbibition of beer and spirits has been more uninterrupted, COIiliEOE ATHLETICS. ^^ because the rooms l,e has f.c.uentea have b«^" '«^^ ™"';;''^^^;'' ■,na because ho has taken little or no exercise Indeed, it is a toniXiiiKWhat quantities of intoxicating drinks may be ^ dXd " ahout much i.,iur>-, provide.! tiiat a 'Corresponding ai lount of exercise is regularly taken^ But afarmoved ihcult t^ri estt^elheroadingn,an.^vhohaslx.endevotlngt^vcl^^^ to eighteen hours a day to a preparation f.n- honors, ami ^ ho hiding his heal.h giving ^vay. determines "P'- 8-"« ';f- honors of another kind, Here the nervous system has been ove tesed the consequence is that the neglected muscula svs em li unlit for exertion, and the limbs become still and e am e iC the slightest effort- This state of things requires manyVeelL to restore the system to a state lit for undertak- "g anjseveio xvork because the muscles arc wanting m solid material and the nervous system is so irritable as to be totaU incompetent to stimulato them with that stoad.ness aid regularity which is essential to success. Ihe same sta e o tl i'^gs often occur in the counting-house. A young man is eoi eTf r ten or twelve hours a day to the desk and ledger; rrso time for exercise, and hi.s nervous system is ovei- stimu ated by incessant eaiculatl..,., and also by the constant vew of the white paper spread before his J-^-; ^ « ''^ *' « "ledger fever.' and many a young man is remleied by it incompetont to continue tiiis kin.l of drudgery. TRAINING. ITS OBJECT, ADVANTAGES AND ABUSES. " He Avho conquers fiimself. is greater than he who :>onquers kingdonits." A\ ithout in any way wishing to trench upon the subject of self-denial , tins old adage is one that we would first of all impress on the athlete who is about to prepare himself for a contest In athletic exorcises, Avith which we have to deal hero, pi oficiency is Jested in a manner that secures for individual excellence its own special Kudos, and vice versa dcliciency in many points, its certain notice. Training t(» parental minds cc»nveys notions of rising with sun, lonr^ fatiguing exercise in several suits of clothes, conse- quent profuse perspiiation, half-done meat, blue perhaps, if the imagination is ambitious, all-potent eleemosynary water gruel a(n«7>i/um. broken blood-vessels, worn out constitution and premature decay, not to mention utter neglect of books and studies and perfect absorption during non-working hours in the mysteries of prize-lights and other low forms'of civiliza- tion. We may, perhaps, bo slightly stretching a point in this list, but the opinions of many who are entirely ignorant of athletic exercises have been partly formed from the uafair descriptions of the devotees of sports in many of the publica- tions of the day, at th;j universities and elsewhere. The mean- ing of training as accepted by athletes, signifies the improve- ment of power in certain muscles by regimen and practice in a manner shown by theory and experience to produce most naturally the required result. Without doubt, certain In- stances could be selected where permanent internal injury has been causele of it. A man should never practice alone; he becomes sluggish, and can never really tell whether he is doing well or ill. If he is simply training for a 100 or 120-yards race, after half a dozen of those spins, he should take a few minutes' res*- and then run the full distance, or at least seventy or eighty yards. If he is training for 220, 250 or 300 ho must, of course, accustom himself to longer trials; but in general, even for the longest of those distanc es, it is quite enough to run 200 yardri at full speed. In fact, as a general ru o for all practice it may be laid down that a man should very rarely run a trial tor more than two-thirds of the distance for which he is train- ing. Never miss your race- if you can get one spin daily make the most of it. Always run in form, that is to say, as you would in the race, on your toes, with an easy, springing action of the thighs; this point we would insist upon, even to \vhat people might call an absurd length ; but depend upon it, that the movements that are most graceful to the eye are generally most natural, and a position that is most natural is more easily capable of attaining to excellence. The beautiful mechanism of the foot, its numerous short bones and strong sinews, suggest at a glance its adaptation for bearing con- cussion and springing on the ball and toes, while the heel is formed to sustain pressure without motion. In the race keep your eyes well on the tape and never lessen your pace when 42 COLIjEGE ATHIiETICS. in front or let misgivings disturb you wlien behind; your opponent may liave the pace of you and not be able to stay. By persevering to the end you will always win the confidence of your friends, though you may not increase their admiration of your abilities. In racing with a chicken-hearted man race at him, and if you feel done, fancy that he feels worse. STARTING. ]n sprinting, a good start is of such importance, that we would suggest a careful practice in it. It is a curious fact that a novice will invariably start with one foot a yard or so behind the other, either with tlie body bent down low, or with the body erect, and swinging the arms as if they were tlie means of propulsion about to be trusted to. In the former case he runs one yard moie than his distance; in the latter he exhausts and ansteadies himself. Start with both feet within nine mches of one another, the weight of the body resting on the front foot, so that when the spring is made the weight of the body throws the nmner forward. On account of this and a little nervousness the runner at this point has very often a tendency to stumble over his mark. This can at all limes be remedied by learning to hold the mark for a long time. Another style of start is getting down on the hands in a I)Osition like a member of the feline lace. In my opiiuon the advantage of this form of starting over all others is apparent. The sprinter will have full conlidence in himself to hold his mark for any length without going over, as well as the muscles of the back helping the spring of the thighs. The runner should keep his legs well under him, with the knees as far as possible from the ground, the hands resting on the finger tips on the starting line and at each side of the body. A medium between the standing start and the all-fours was the style practised by Mr. Harry Jewett in 1892, and certainly it constituted all the features of a perfect start. Jewett stood on his mark with the left foot foremost and his left hand (fist COLLEGE ATHLETICS. 43 closed) resting inside, and almost touching, the left foot; the right arm was drawn back like a boxer about to deliver a terrific punch. The weight of the body was partially thrown on the left arm, thereby giving the back, thighs and legs the opportunity for a powerful spring, which was yet more so accelerated by the right arm being shot forward like a piston rod. All sprinters having ambitions to the Al class would do well to practise this style of starting. QUARTER MILE. Generally the quarter of a mile is the most interesting race on the modern programme. It may seem absurd, but wo think nevertheless true, that there are two entirely different ways of preparing for a quarter-mile race. The reason is this, that the distance is acommon ground fortwoentirelydilTerent classes of runners. On the one hand, the best quarter-miler oif the day is often the man who is the best sprinter as well, and has found that this distaiKje is not beyond his sprinting powers when he is very lit. On the other hand, the sprinting quarter-milers sometimes find themselves outclassed by a runner who is of nothing more than second-class sprinting abilit5% but whoso stay and strength enable him to keep his stride from shortening up to the very end of a quar er-mile, or even farther. The first class should never attempt any distance over a quarter. With regard to training for a quarter-mile, it is easy to understand that the two classes should not prepare themselves upon exactly the same system. To lay down a rule for the first class, we should say that the sprinter who trains for a quavter-mile should train for it in the same way as he does for a sprint. He should take starts and short sprints daily, and finish up two or three times a week with bursts of 200, 220 or occasionally 300 yards, and should at all times be sure to stride up on his toes, but he should never forget that he is a sprinter training for a sprint and that his speed must be retained at all cost. The same reflection should present itself when he is in the race. It will be the height of folly to try and make the race slow in the hopes of his sprinting powers bringing him in,at the end. At 44 COIiliEGE ATHL.ETIOS. •T^i^Bi^S^"'''"-*'*^^^ COLLEGE ATHLETICS. 45 the end he may be jaded and iiiuiWe to utilize his speed. His ri^'ht course is to use his speed wliile he lias it, and in the lirst 100 or 150 yartls lie may liave made a g'ap of live yards between himself and his opponents. Then let him slacken if ho likes, only to ^o oira;L?ain when they are at his heels; and if he be not overtrainetl. his speed and reserve of energy will serve to brinj? him up to the liidsh lirst. The second class who are found competing for quarter- mile races are those who have moderate sprinting- ability, and owing to a naturally long stride and go xl staying powers never Hag over the distance and linish as strong as lions. These nmners can, no doubt, stand a good deal more work than the mere sprinter. They must not, however, on any account, neglect their si)eed, and frequent starts and short spins must be practised in addition to their longer trials; for some time or another during the race, if a quarter-miler of this class is to win, he must spurt past his speedier opponents. THE HALF MILE. The half-miler is sure to be good at a quarter and good at a mile, for he must have speed and stride, and must have as well good wind and staying powers. The system of taking exercise changes completely as soon as sprinting distances are left behind. The man training for medium distances will, of course, do himself no harm by sprinting to improve his speed, but his sprinting is only an accessory and not the essential to success. He has got to improve his logs, wind and all the muscles of his body in strength, and the way to do this is not gradually to lengthen the distances of practice so much as gradually to increase the pace over these distances. The man in training for half a mile will do enough to take his trials over 600 yards or thereabouts. As he gets fitter he should accustom himself to go faster over his spin. Once or twice before the race he may have a full dress rehearsal— a veritable trial over the whole distance, that he may know exactly what he has to do in the race and the more walking he can get the better, as there is nothing so healthy and so 46 COLLEGE ATHLETICS. little exhausting to a man in training as a brisk walk in fresh air. Supposing the half-mile has got himself into a state of pre- liminary fitness, and is going to give himself three weeks' training for a race. On the lirst day he will do a steady- equable 600 yards. On the second day a brisk 600 yards, which will stretch his limbs a bit, and remind him that running is not all pure enjoyment. On the third day he may take it easy again, and do a very slow steady half-mile without mak- ing any attempt to sprint, or quicken, or push iiimsolf along at any part of the course. On the fourth day he can do the brisk COO yards again ; on tiie lifth a steady and slower 6(J0 ; on the sixth a brisker GOO than he has done before; and then, if he takes a good walk on Sunday, he will lind liimself at the end of the week a good deal more like a runner than he was at the beginning. A similar programme will do for the remain- ing three weeks, but his full trial should be at least a week before the race, and for the last few days before the event he should take no spin at all that can exhaust him. Above all, if on commencing t J practice any d.y he feels that he has not got over the previous day's exertions, he should make a point cf Jiaving a light day's work upon that occasion. In medium and long distance races the runner must accustom himself to run at an even pace, and at as fast an even pace as he can command over the distance, keeping his spurts for when they are wanted, either to pass an antagonist or to get in front of him at the linish ; so that, m training for these distances, it is of importance to know how fast one is going. It is wise, there- fore, to be timed from day to day by a trainer, who will tell the man what pace he ought to go for the distance he is running for the day. A word as to the tactics of a race. In medium or long races a great deal in the way of success de- pends upon the judgment with which a race is run. If you decide to pass an antagonist you had better spurt to do so, and not to try to pass him slowly, as this may end in his shak- ing you off again. If you spurt by an antagonist you may take the heart out of him, and he may shut up on the spot. Another reflection which we mentioned in connection with sprinting, and one which a runner should always bear in mind, is that when the dreadful thought occurs to his mind COLLEGE ATHLETICS. 47 that he is " done," it should l>e succeeded by the reassuring' idea tliat his opponents are equally '• done '' also. If this latter rule -were always borne in mind we should not see, as we often do, cases in which the race does not fall to the swift, but to the plucky. Of course, want of condition is an admirable thing to breed irresolution in a race, and while it is easy to be game when one is lit, it is far harder for a jaded man to keep his sameness and a good head upon his shoulders. ONE MILE AND UPWARDS. In practicing for a mile race and upwards a long, steady course of slow running must be gone through to got the limbs and the wind gradually accustomed to the work. The system for all training for long distances, to describe it shortly, is to tako continual daily spins of half a mile and upwards, the pace being gradually increased as tlie man linds ho can stand it. If the runner takes a long spin or a very fast spin one day and llnds upon turning out the next day that he feels slack from the previous day s exercise, he will do well to take an easier days work on that occasion. 1 he same system in general will apply to whatever distance is to be run, only if it be a very long distance the daily spins must be lengthened correspond- ingly One runner may be at his best at one mile, another at four and another at ten, but all three are of the same class, bring into play the same muscles, and require in varying degree the same essentials to success. The exercise they need is such as will get the limbs hard and the wind abnormally good. All will do well to walk as much as possible without getting themselves stifl". In these longer distances it is hard to give advice as to the actual daily work which should be taken. But an adherance to the following routine will be found to repay the aspirant: FOR ONE MILE. First day, % mile at steady pace. Second day. Half-mile. Third day. Slow mile. Fourth day. Fast half mile. 48 COIiljEGE ATHLETICS. 1 i ! i 1 I 1 1 1 _^^ ...u^^ Torn^. i Ba.d COLIjEGE ATHIjETICS. 49 Fifth day, 1,000 yards at steady pace. Sixth day, A fast three-quarter. FOUR niLES. First day, 2 miles slowly. Second day, A mile. Third day, 3 miles. Fourth da>', A mile ; faster. Fifth day, % mile ; steady, fast pace. Sixth day, 2 miles -, steady, fast pace. WALKING. The great objection urgoil against races of this description is the dillioulty of deciding baweon fair and unfair walking, riio judge's task is seldom a sinecure, but a little study will render decision a matter of no difficulty. Fair walking is ■' having one leg on the ground at a time." Walking is a suc- cession of steps, running of springs. The straightness of the legs, going from toe to heel, does not prove or alter fair walk- ing.' Lifting, tlie usual method of walking unfairly, is done by getting a spring from the toe of one foot on to the heel of the other. The judge must never be led away in his judgment by the play of the shoulders; ho must watch the legs, and judge by them only. The practice for long distance walking is most arduous. Distances of from seven to nine miles must be done to get wind and to strengthen the muscles, at the rate of from five to six mih^s an hour. Stiffness often comes on when fast walking begins. Friction of the legs is then found very useful after a mile or less, and then the pain and stiffness will wear off. After a weak or more of steady work be„in walking fast, first with a mile, and gradually increase it to throe and four miles. The respiratory system not being taxed so severely by the pace that is required, an internal injury is never to be feared. The strain comes on the legs and loins, and being frequently contracted, its support demands a large amount of vital energy in the constitution. A man of no stamina cannot walk a long race, however fine his muscular development may 50 COIiIjEGE ATHIjETICS. be. The legs should be well thrown forward and the shoulders thrown back, with the arms held well up, swingring partially across the body at each stride. The step should be from toe to heel, with the leg as straight as possible. The body is twisted as the leg comes forward, to give the breath of the loins into the stride. Always keep the body well up ; it pre- vents any tendency to lifting. For walking, shoes with heels half an inch thick are generally used, without spikes, except on grass. HIGH JUMPING. One of the most graceful of competitions generally adopted in athletic programmes is that of high jumping. It has, too, an advantage over most athletic pursuits by being easily followed up without fear of any of the constitutional strains that more violent and protracted exercises frequently cause. It is not to be supposed, however, that sudden jumps can be taken without fear of a strain, if the muscles have not been prepared for the effort. In jumping, the contraction and ex- tension of the muscles is sudden and violent, and on that account the risk of rupturing a small ligament is more to be feared. The risk attends any of these exercises that require quick action and sudden motion, such as throwing weignts or sprint running. The actual amount of exercise muse de- pend entirely upon the capabilities of the subject, and the quantity that he has been previously accustomed to. No deti- nite rules of quantity applicable to athletes can be laid down. But the following ideas maybe advantageously adopted by those who intend to practice jumping. Begin by gentle runs of about three hundred yards, with a few jumps, say about three feet high. Practice at this height for a few days until the stiOness of the muscles wears off, and then gradually raise the bar to four feet or four feet six inches. If this height cannot be cleared easily, place the bar at the most suitable height. Care must be taken to go over it quickly and neatly. The run may be slow, but the jump should be taken with a quick spring, and almost at the same instant the body should be twisted or in other words, if the jumper raises from his right h^g his right shoulder should be COLIiEGE ATHIiETlCS. "^l given a pull backwards, thereby causing his left leg to be shot high into the air. This movement, although seemingly very simple, will have the elTect of carrying the body of the jumper horizontally over the bar. BROAD JUMPING. Less preparation is rot him by all means stretch it to the utmost limits of which it is capable. It is even desirable to give a pudding, but it should have bread for its foundation. A good cook will easily make a very palatable pudding of bread with a little milk and an eii:}r or two. The grand articles of diet arc beef and niutt(m, with bread or porridge, and if the stonjach and i)alato would accei)t thorn gratefully no change would bo necessary, but as they so! lom will the best plan is not to attempt too much. Intercollegiate Association — OF — AMATEUR ATHLETES OF AMERICA. In these statistics the following abbreviation ? are used : A. U.— Amherst University. B.U.— Brown University. C.C.N.Y.— College of the City of New York. C.C.— Columbia College. Cor. U.— Cornell University. D.C.— Dartmouth College. F.C.— Fordham College. n.U.— Harvard University. I.e. A.. A. A. A. — Intercollegiate Association of Amateur Ath- letes of America. L.C.— Lafayette College. L.U.— Lehigh University. P.C.— Princeton College. R.C.— Rutgers College. S.I.— Stevens Institute. S.C.— Swarthmore College. U.C.— Union College. U. of C— University of California. U, of M.— University of Michigan. U. of P.— University of Pennsylvania, , W.U.— Wesleyan University. "VV.C— Williams College. T. U.— Yale University. CHAMPIONS. 100-YARDS RUN. 1874— A. B. Nevin, Y.U., 10 1-23. 1875—1. B. Potter, Cor. U., 10 3-4s. COIiliEOE ATHLETICS. 61 1876— H. W. Steven?, W.C, Us. 1877-H. H. Lee, U. of P., 10 l-Ss. 1878-H. n. L-e, U. of P , 10 1-4^. 1879-H. II. Lee, U. of P., 10 4 5s. 1880-E. J. WoKlell, H.U., 10 4-5'. 1881~E. J. Wendell, H,U.. 10 1-43. 1882—11. S. Brooks, Jr.. Y,U., 10 1-59. 1883— S. Derickson. Jr., C.C, 10 3-5-). 1884— H. S. Brooks, Jr., Y.U., 10 1-53. 1885— F. M. Boniue, U. of M.. 10 3-5d. 1886-E. H. Rogers, H.U., 10 l-2s. 1887— C. H. Sherrill, Y.U.. 10 2-5s. 1888— C. H. Sherrill, Y U., 10 3-5s. 1889-0. H. Sherrill, Y.U , 10 1-53. 1890—0. II. Sherrill, Y.U., 10 l-5s. 1891— L. H. Gary, P.C, lOs. 1892— W. Swayne, Y U., 10 l-Ss. 1893— W. S. Richard?. Y.U., 10 1-5^. 1894— E. S. Ramsdell, U. of P., 10s. 220.YARDS RUN. 1877-H. H. Lee, U. of P., 23 1-28. 1878— H. PI. Lee, U. of P., 24 3-5^ 1879— E. J. Wendell, H.U., 24 2-59. 1880— E. J. Wendell, H.U., 24 2-59. 1881— E. J. Wendell, H.U., 23 1-53. 1882-H. S. Brooks, Jr., Y.U., 22 5 83. 1883— H. S. Brooks, Jr., Y.U., 23 1-53. 1884— W. Baker, H.U., 22 2-53. 1885— W. Baker, H.U., 23 2-53. 1886-W. Baker, H.U., 22 4-53. 1887— E. H. Rogers, H.TJ., 233. 1888— C. H. Sherrill, Y.U., 22 3-53. 1889— C. H. Sherrill, Y.U., 22 2-53. 1890— C. H. Sherrill, Y.U., 22 l-5s. 1891 -L. H. Oary, P.O., 21 4-5s. 1892— W. Swayne, Y.U., 223. 1893— W. S. Richards, Y.U., 22 3-5s. 1894— E. S, Ramsdell, U. of P., 228, 62 COLIiEGE ATHLETICS. QUARTER-MILE KUN. 1875-C. M. Culver, U.C., 55 l-4s. 1876— H. W. Stevens, W.C, 56?. 1877— G. M. Hammond, C.C, 54^. 1878— A. I Burton, C.C. 54 1-53. 1879— C. H. Cogswell, D.C , 54 4-53. 1880— E J. Wendell, HI' , 55 1-5 i. 1881— E. A. Bdllard, U. of P , 53 4-55. 1882— W. n Goodwin, Jr., H.U., 583. 1883— "iV. II. Goodwin, Jr., HI'.. 51 1.5-*. 1884- W. H Go. dwio, Jr., H.U., 52 3-5.. 1885— W. r.akrr, H.U , 54 2.5s. 1886—3. G. Wells, H.U., 51 4 Ss. 1887-3. G. Wells, H.U., 53 3-5,. 1888-3. G. Wells, H.U., 52 3-5i. 1380— W. C. Dohm, P.C.SOs. 1890— W. C. Downs, n.U., 50 3-53. 1S91-G. B. Shattuck. A.U., 49 1-23. 1892-W. n. Wrigh*, H.U., 50 3-53. 1893— L. Siyer, ll.TT., 50 4-.5s. 18 4-S. M. Merrill, H.U., 50 2-5s. HALF-MILE KUN. 1875— D. Trumbull, Y.U., 2m. 1876— M. W. Green, P.O., 2m. 16 l-2s. 1877— G. M. Hammond, CO., 2m. 20 1-23. 1878— A, J. Burton, CO., 2m. 8 1-43. 1879— C. H. Cogswell, D.C, 2ai. 123. 1880— S. A. Ballard, V. of P. 2 n. 9 1-58. 1881- T. J. Coolidge, H.U., 2 n. 7 3-8^. 1882— W. H. Goodwin, Jr., H.U., 2m. 2 2-58. 1883— W. H. Goodwin, Jr., H.U., 2m. 2\ 1884— W. H. Goodwin, Jr., H.U., 2m. 5 1.2s. 1885— H. 1 .Mitchell, Y.U., 2m. 7 1.5?. 1886— F. R. Smith, Y.U., 2m. 4 1-53. 1887—11. Paries, U. of P., 2m. 73. 1888— H. R. Miles, H.U., 2m. 2 l-5s. 1889— W. C Downs, H.U., 2m. 2 3.5s. 1890— W. C Dohm, P.C, Im. 57 1-53, COIiLEGE ATHLETICS. 1891— W. H. Wright, Y. U. Im. 59 1.2s. 1892— T. 15. Turuer. P.C., Im. 59 4-5s. 1893— J. Corbin, II. U., Im. 59 4.5s. 1894— C. Kilpatrick, U.C, Im. 59 l-5g. 1 MILE RUN. 1874— E.Copeland, C.U., 4m. 5S l-l^.. 1875— C. H. Barbtr, A.U., 4iu.44 1-4^. 1876— E. ('. Stimpsou, D.C., 4m. 58 1-2 ■. 1877— W. Pearns, ('.('., 5m. 33-j, 1878— :i. Pdton, P.G., 5m. 4 3-4s. 1879— C. H. Trask, Jr., C. C, 5m, 24 3-5 . 1880— T. DeW. Cuyler, Y.U., 4jj. 37 3-.". , 1881-T.DjW. Cuyler, Y.U., 4ji. 43 7-8 1882-G. 15. Morrison, H.U . 4m. 40 3-4-. 1883— (}. B. Morrisou, H. U.. 4 n. 3 ? 3-5d. 1884-H. Farie.o, U. ot P.. 4.d. 45 1-5s. 1885—11. Furie , U. of P. 4m. 46 4-5 . 1886-R. F:iriep, U. of P.. 4m. 38 4-5e. 1887- -W. Harmar, Y.U.. 4j3. 36 4-53. 1888— W. Ilirmar, Y.U., 4m, 37 l-5g.. 1889— C. O. Wei 8, A.r., 4m. 29 4-5s. 1890— C. O. Wells, A.U., 4m. 35 2-5s. 1891— F. F. Carr, H.U., 4m. 34 2-5?. 1892— G. Lowell, H.U.. 4m. 33 2-58. 1893— G. O. Jarvis, W.U., 4m. 34 3-59. 1894— G. O. Jarvis, W.U., 4m. 26 4-5s. 1 0-YARD HURDLE RACE. 1874— C!. Maxwell, Y.U., 20 l-2s. 1875— C, Maxwell, Y.U., 19 l-2s. 1876- W. J. Wakeman, Y.U., 18 1-43. 1877— IL Stevens, P.O., 18 l-2s. 1878- J. W. Pryor, C.C., 21 3-53. 1879— J. E. Cowdin, H.U.. 19 l-5s. 1880-11. B. Stroajr, L.U., 19 1-2-'. 1881—11. T. Morrow, L.U., 18 7 83. 1882 -J. F. Jenkins, CO., 17 3-5^. 1883—0. Harriman, Jr., P.O. IS-i. 1884— R. Mulford, CO., 17 1-2 . 64 COLLEGE ATHLETICS. 1885— W. H, Ludington, Y.U., 19 ISs. 1886— W. H. Ludington, Y.U., 17s. 1887— W. H. Ludington, Y.U., 17 2.5s. 1888— H. Mapes, C.C, 17 l-5s. ■ 1889—11. Mapes, C.C, 16 4-58. 1890— H. L. Williams, Y.U., 16 l-5s. 1891— H. L. Williams, Y.U., 15 4 -5s. 1892-H. T. Harding, CO., ICs. 1893— McL. Van Ingen, Y.U.. 16 2-5s. 1894-E. H. Cady, Y.U., 10s. 220-YARD HUKDLE liACE. 1888— G. S. Mandel, H.U., 26 4-5s. 1889—11. Mapes, CO., 26 2-5^. 1890— J. P. Lee, H. U. 25 1-4^. 1891-H. L. Williams, Y.U. 25 l-5s. 1892— G. 11. Fearing, H.U., 25 2-53. 1893 -VIcL. Van Ingen, Y.U., 26 4-5s. 1894- J. L. Bremer. H.U., 25 l-5s. 1-MILE WALK. 1875— W. A. Piatt, W.C, 7m. 50s. 1876— W. M. Watson, C.O.N.Y., Hm. 7s. 1877 -3. Eldridge, C.C , 7m. 308, 1878— G. Eldridge, CO., 7m. 38 8 4^. 1879— R. H. Sayre, C.C, 7m. 49s. 1880-R. H. Sayre, C.C, 7m. 54 3.5d. 1881— R. H. Sayre, G.G., 7m. 30 l-8s. 1882— H. W. Biddle, U. of P., 7ai. 44 1.5s. 1883— H. W. Biddle, U. of P. 7m. 26 2-5s. 1884— E. A.Meredith, Y.U., 7m. 33 1-53. 1885— F. A. Ware, C.C, 7m. 27 2-53. 1886— E. C Wright, H.U. 7m. U 4-5s. 1887— H. H. Bemis, H.U., 7m. 16s. 1888— E. C Wright, H.U., 7m. 28s. 1889— T. Mellvane, C.C, 7m. 6 4-58. 18'J0— W. W. Gregg, A.U., 7m. lOs. 1891— L. Collis, C.C, 7m. 5 l-5s- 1892— F. A. Borcherling, P.O., 6m. 52 4-5s. 1893— C A. Ottley, P.O.. 7m. 34 3-5 ^ 1894- H. F. Houghton, A.U., 7m. 14 3-5s. COLLEGE ATHLETICS, 65 2-MILE BICYCLE KACE. 1Q90— W. p. Wurtz, Y.U., 7m. 573. issi— C. A. Reed, C.C., 6m. 51^. 1882— E. Norton, H.U., 6m. 52 2-5s. 1883— C. A. Reed, C.C., 6m. 53 1-5:?. 18?4— L. P. Hamilton, Y.U., 6a3. 4S 1.5s. 1S85— L. P. Hamilton, I'.U., 7m. 29 4-53. 1SS6— C. 1^. Ketu, U. of P., 6ra. 393. 1^.S7— J. Eulo, U. of P., 6uj. 53 1-5j. 1888— R. H. Davis, H.U., 7ai. 3^. 1839— F. A. Clark, Y.U., 6m. 48 2-5^. 1S90— R. H. Davis, H.U., 6(1:. 6 2-5:-. 1 =?91— G. . . Taylor, II.U., 6m. 13 2-5?. 1892— C. S. Fox, Y.U., 6Qi. 23 2-5s. iq93-W. H. Glenny, Jr., Y.U., 7m. 4 3.5s. 1S04— F. F. Goodmaa, C.C.N.Y., 5-u. 18 l-Ss. RUNNING HIGH JUMP. 1S7G-J. W. Pryor, C.C., olr. 4.1}. 1377— H. L. Geyelin, U. uf P., 4^, Ilia. 1878— J. P. Conover, C.C, St'r. 6 l-2in. 1879- J. P. Conover, C.G., 5ft. 8 l-4:u. 1880— A. C. Dennistoij, H.U., 5:r. 1 1.4iu. 1>S1-W. Soren, K.r., 5ft. 2 3-4iij. 1882— Vv'. Soreu, H.U., 5ft. 6iu. 1883— C. H. Atkinson, H.U., 5fr. 8 1.2:u. 1884— C. H. Atkinson, H.U., 5fi. C 3-4iD. 1835— W. E. Page, U. of P., 5ft. 11 5-8in. 1S86-W. B. Page, U. of P., 5fr. 11 3 4in. 13S7-W. B. Page, U. of P., 5ft. 7 1.2in. 1888—1. D. Webster. U. of P., 5[t. 11 l-2!n. 1839—1. D. Webster, U. of P., 5fr. 6 3-4-n. 1390— G. R. Fearing, II.U., 5ft.8 l-4in. l?9i-G. R. Fearing, II.U., 6:t. 1392- G. R. Fearing, H.U., 6fr. l-2in. 1S93— G. R. Fearing, H.U., Gil- 10 3-4iR. 1894— C. J. Pair.p, Jr., H.U., bft. ' ' 1..2in. 66 COLLEGE ATHLETICS. KUNNING BROAD JUMP. 1377— H. H. I ee, U. of P., 19ft. 7m. 1878— J. P. Conover, C.C., 19ft. 2 l-2in. 1879— J. P. Conover, C.C, 20ft. 1880— G. G. Thayer, U. of P., 20ft. 2ii:. 1881— J. F. Jenkins, Jr., C.C, 20ft. 9 l-4in. 1882— J. F. Jenkins, Jr., CO., 21ft. 3lu. 1883— W. Soren, H.U., 20ft. Gin. 18S4-0. Bodelson, C.C, 21ffc. 3 1-2 in. 1885— J. D. Bradley, H.U., 19ft. 6:n. 1886- C H. Mapes, C.C, 20f(. llin. 1887— T. G. Shearman, Y.U., 21ft. 11 l-2in. 1888— T. G. Shearman. Y.U., 20fr. Sin. 1389— T. G. Shearman, Y.U., 22ft. 6in. 1390— '.V. C. Dohm. P.C. 22ft. 3 l-2in. 1891— V. Mapes, C.C, 22ft. 11 l-4ins. 1892— E. E. Bloss, H.U., 22Lt. 1 l-2ln. 1893— E. B. Bioss. H.U., 22ft. 9 5-8in. 1894— E. S. Ramsdeii, U. of P., 22ft. lin. Prior to 1881 the measurement was made from toe-mark in- stead of from scratch-line. POLE VAULT. 1878— C Fabregon, CCN.Y., 9ft. 1879— F. H. Lee, C.C, 9ft. 3in. 1880— E. B. Tewksbury, P.C, 9ft. 4in. 1881— F. W. Dalrymple, L.U., 8ft. 9in. 1882— W. Soren, H.U., 9ft. 6in. 1883-K. P. Toler, P.O., 10ft. 1884— H. L. Hodge, P.C, 9 ft. 1885— L. D. Godshall, L.U., 9ft. 7 1 4ln. 1886— A. Stevens, C.C, 10ft. 3-4in. 1887— L. D. Godshall, L.U., 10ft. 1888— T. G. Shearman, Y.U., Oft. 6in. 1889— R. G. Leavitt, H.U., lOft. 5 l-2in. .j.„o (E. D.Ryder, Y.U.,) .f.cj. „:^ 1890- jg^ ^^ ^y^.^i^^ c c_ f lOtt. 7in. 1891— E. D. Ryder, Y.U., 10ft. 9 3.4in. 1892—0. G. Cartwnght, Y.U., 10ft. 5 3.4in. 1893— C T. Buckholtz, U. of P , 10ft. 10 l-8:n. 1994— M. S. Kershow, Y.U., 10ft. 9in. COLLEGE ATHLETICS. 67 PUTTING THE SHOT. 1877— F. Larkin, P.O., 33ft. 1878-F. Larkin, P.C., 32ft. 11 1-2 in. 1879— F. Larkin, P.O., 83ft. 8 1-2 in. 1880— A. T. Moore, S.I., 35ft. 1 1.4in. 1881— A. T. Moore, S.I., 34ft. lliu. 1882— A. T. Moore, C.C., 36ft. 3in. 1883-(J. n. K p, H.U., 35ft. Sin. 1884-D. W. lieckhardt. C.C, 36 ft. 3 3-4 in. 1885— J. n. Robrback, L.C., 38ft. liu. 1886-A. B. Coxe, Y.U., ;.3ft. 1-2. 1887— \. B. Coxe, Y.U., 40ft. l-2in. 1888— H. Pennypacker, H.U., 37ft. Sin. 1889—11. H. Janeway, P.C., 36ft. 1 l-2in. 1893- H. H. Janeway, P.O., 39ft. 6 l-2in. 1891— J. R. Finley, H.U., 39ft. 6 3-4in. 1892— S. H. Evins, H.U., 39ft. 9in. 1893- W. O. Hickok, Y.U.. 41ft. 1-8 in. 1894— W. 0. Hickok, Y.U., 42ft. THROWING THE HAMMER. 1878-F. Larkin, P.O., 76ft. 9in. 1879— F. Latkin, 87ft. lin. 1880— J. F. Bush, C.C. 84ft. 3in. 1881— J. H. Montgomery. O.C., 76ft. 9 l-2in. 1882- D. B. Porter, C.C, 87ft. 3 l-2in. 1883— C. H. Kip, H.U., 88.'t. llin. 1884-A. B. Coxe, Y.U., 83ffc. 2in. 1885— A. B. Coxe, Y.U., 88ft. l-2in. 1886— A. B. Coxe, Y.U., 95ft. llin. 1887— A. B. Coxe, Y.U., 98ft. 6in. 1888— A. J Bowser, U. of Pa., 88ft. 6 l-2in. 1889— A. J. Bowser, U. of P., 89ft. 10 l-2in. 1890— B. C Hinman, C.C, 94ft. 7in. 1891— J. B. Finlay, H.U., 107ft. 7 1.2in. 1892— S. H. Evins, H.U., 104ft. 3-8in. 1893— W. O. Hickok, Y.U., 110ft. 4 1.2in. 1894— W. O. Hickok, I.U., 123ft. 9in. Previou:^ to 1894 the throwing was from a stand.without » run or follow. THE UNIVERSITY TRACK ATHLETIC CUP ASSOCIATION. CHAMPIONS. ICO-YAKDS RUN. 1891-0. K. Haweg, H.U . 10 2-5s. 1892" W. Swayne, Y.U., 10 1-53. 1893— A. A. Lefurgey; K.U., 10 3-53. 1894— P. Dea Prado, H.U., 10 2-5s. 220- YARDS i.UN. 1891— J. S. Cook, H.U., 22 3-53. 1892— Yv'. Swayne, Y.U., 22 3-5s. 1893— S. M. Merrill, H U., 22 3-53. 1894— S. M. Merrill, H.U., 22 1-53. QUARTER-MILE RUN. 1891-W. n. Wright, H.U., 523. 1892— G. F. Sanford, Y.U., 52 3-09. 1893— S. M. Merrill, H.U., Sis. 1894-8. M. Merrill, H.U., 50s. HALF-MILE RUN. 1891— A. M. White, H.U., 2in. 1 3.5s. 1392— J. Corbin, H.U., 2m. 4-5^•. 1893 -J. Corbin, H.U., 2m, 3 3-5;;. 1894— W. B. Woodbull, Y.U., Im. 59 4-5s. ONE-MILE RUN. iS91— J. O. Nichols, H.U., 4m. 35 4-59. 1892-J. Lowell, H.U., 4m. 37e, 1803— J. E. Morgan, Y.U., 4m. 3G2-5s. 1894— J. E. Morgan, Y.U., 4m. 312-Js. COLLEGE ATHLETICS. ^'^ 120.YAKDS HURDLE RACE. 1891— H. L. Williams, Y.U., 164. 1892-D. B, Lymau, Y.U., 16 2-53. 1893-D. B. Lyman, Y.U., 16 4-5s. 1894— W. F. Garcelon, H.U., 163. 220.YARDS HURDLE RACE. 1891_j. p Lee, H.U.. 25 2-5s. 1892— G. R. Fearing, Jr., H.U., 25 3.59. 1893_W. F. Garcelon, H.U.. 26 2 58. 1894 -J. L. Bremer. H.U., 24 3-5s. ONE-MILE WALK. 1891-R. S. Hale. H.U., 7m. 14 3-53. 1892— A. L. Eadicott, H.U., 7m. 48^. 1893-A L. Endicott, H.U., 7m. 5-. 1893-F. S. Bunnell, Y.U., 7m. 252-53. TWO-MILE BICYCLE RACE. 1891— G. F. Taylor, H.U., 6m. 149. 1892-P. W\ Davis, H.U.. 6m. 293, 1893_W. H. Glenny, Y.U., 5m. 4S2-58. 1894-W. H. Glenny, Y.U., 7m. 1 2-59. RUNNING HIGH JUMP. 1891-|i-f;|r?eTH.U.^i^"-«^-^- 1892— G. R. Fearing, H.U., 5ft. 11 3-8m. 1893-G. R. Fearing, H.U., 5ft. 7 l-2in. 1894-C. J. Paine, H.U.. 5ft. 91.2in. RUNNIKG BROAD JUMP. 189i_H. L. Williams, Y.U., 21ft. lin. 1892-0. W. Shead, H.U.,21ft. 3 7-8in. 1893_E. D. Bloss, H.U., 22ft. 4m. 1894-L. P. Sheldon, Y.U., 21ft. 9 l-2in. 70 COLLiEGE ATHLETICS. POLE VAULTING. ; H. M. Wheelrigbt, H.U.,1 iaqi_ 1 '-T- E. Sherwin. H.U., [^c. ^. ^^^1 1 G. J. Briggs, Y.U., I ^'^- ^^^* to. G. Cartwright, Y.U. J 1892—0. G. Cartwright, Y.U., 10ft. 1893—0. G. Cartwright. Y.U.. 10ft. 6 l-4in. 1894— H. Thomas, Y.U., 10ft. 103-4m. PUTTING THE SHOT. 1892— D. B. Lyman, Y.U., 38ft. 3 5-8in. 1893— W. H. Shea. H.U., 40ft, 5in. 1894— A. Brown, Y.U., 40ft. 1 l-2m. THKOWING ^HE HAMMER 1891— J. E. Finlay, H.U., lOSft. Sin. 1892— P. Stillmftn, Y.U., lOOft. 8in. 189.3— W. 0. Hickok, Y.U., 110f^8in. 2894— W. 0. Hickok, Y.U., 113ft. llin. INTERSCHOLASTIC ATHLETIC ASSOCIA- TI0N.-I894. SIXTEENTH ANNUAL GAMES. CHAMPIONS. iOO-yards run— W. B. Rogers, Barnard School, 10 2-53. 100-yard3 run, boys under 15 years— S. Sanger. Harvard School, 11 3-53. 220-yard8 run, boys under I'J years— H. Moeller, Columbia Grammar School, 23 -±.53. l-mile bicycle race— G. Ruppert, Columbia Grammar School, 2trs- 40 3-53. Throwing base ball— A. C. Ayres, Condon School, 325ft. 9in. 440-yards run— S. A. Lyme, Barnard School, 539. Pole vault— H. F. Whitney, Harvard School, 10ft. 120.yards hurdle race— A. F. Beers, De La Salle School, IG 2-5?. Throwing 12-lb. hammer— T. A. Ball, Berkeley ScLo )1, 110ft. 3^^in. 220.yards hurdle race— S- A. Lyme, Barnard School, 27 l-5s. Half-mile run— C. R. Irwin-Martin, Berkeley School, 2m. 10 1-59. Running high jump— W. B. Roger.?, Barnard School, and E. W. Balbazzi, Harvard School, tied at 5ft. 9in. Roger3 won on toss. Putting 12-lb. shot— T. A. Ball, Berkeley School, 39ft. lin. One-mile walk— L. Elliman, Berkeley School, 7m. 30 2-5. 220.yards run— P. W. Simpson. Barnard School, 23K8. One-mile run— T. DuP. Veiller, Halsey School, 5m. 1 1-53. Running broad jump— A. F. Beery, De La Salle School, 19ft. 8>^in. CHAMPION JAMES J. CORBETT USED THE "Corbett" (TRADE MARK) Boxipg Gloves Manufactured by A. J. REACH CO., Tulip and Palnner Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. In his Fight with niTCMELL "AiViii^.rS'iT Mi Mart of every Glove. An Exact Duplicate of the Gloves used by CORBETT will be sent upon Receipt of Price. Per Set, $7.50. If you cannot get them in your city, address A. J. REACH CO., Tulip and Palmer Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. /ATHLETIC inPLEflENTS. Iron Tug of War Starter. For Inuoot Use. Made of Iron, very simple m construction. The Starter is fastened to permanent plates set in floor, allowing it to be quickly removed when not in use. No. go. Iron Starter, complete, $ \ 5.00 Tug of War Starter. Made of well seasoned wood, siinplo in construction, but strong and substantial. ^o. 55. Wood Starter, $5.00 Spalding's Starter's Revolver. With Safety Hammer. Self-Cocking, short -J^-i Absolutely safe and convenient to carry. No. 101. 32-calibre, centre fire $3. CO No. i02. 38-calibre, centre fire 3',50 banc Blank Cartridges. To use in above Revolvers. 32 centre fire blanks, per box of 50 38 centre fire blanks, per bo.\ of 50 .500. 60c- Made of H Signal V.'histles. n and extra lond Each, 25C. Spalding's Last Lap Cong. Made especially for outdoor use, strong .^.nd substantial, and gives an extra Lucl alarm. No. 40, Price, each, $4.00 Spalding's Basket Bali Goal. For la or Outdoor Use. Our Basket Ball Goal is the most substantial one in the market. The parts are made of best quality malleable and wrought iron, and nicely finished. The Basket is made of wire with the joints securely fastened, making it practic- ally indestructible under the roughest usage. The Goal is fastened to the wall or post 10 feet from the floor. After the goal is made the ball is released by pulling the cord, which act Basket Ball Goal. turns the basket sufficiently to allow it to drop out, and the basket then automaticaly returns to its normal position. Our Goalis made in accord- ance with t.ie latest rules governing the game, and has been highly endorsed by the various clubs usins: it. No. 75. Price, per pair, $20.00 Special prices to clubs. Our complete Catalogue No. 102 mailed free to any address. Chicago. A. c. SPALDING & BROS., Philadelphia. New York PECK & SNYDER, Corner BEEKflAN AND NASSAU NEW YORK, STREETS, Manufacturers of the Celebrated American Club Ice Skates. Complete Line of Roller Skates, Complete Catalogue of Summer and Winter Sports; Also our Trick and Novelty Catalogue, Embracing thousands of interesting and amusing novelties for the home circle, •. SENT FREE UPON APPLICATION : Tbe 5paiding Official rio. J li^tercollegiate Foot Ball Adopted for the third year by the Intercollegiate Association. I YALE UNIVERSITY FOOT BALL ASSOCIATION. 1f« Hi»,«. Co"n' 7""/ THE SPALDING OFFICIAL INTERCOLLEGIATE FOOT BALL MUST BE USED IN ALL GAMES PLAYED. PRICE, with Inflator, = . = $5.00. Each Bal! Packed in Separate Box and Sealed. MANUFACTURED BY A. G. SPALDING & BROS., '"'^"'^^i^^J;;.^^?"'■ SpohtsiweN's Weah AND ^ EQUIPMENTS. ^ NO GOODS SOLD AT RETAIL where Dealers Carry Our Line. Ask Your Dealer for Barnard's Goods; if He Cannot Supply You Send Direct to Us. Send for Catalogue. GEO. BARNARD & CO., 1 3 and 5 Bond Street, 199 and 201 Madison Street, NEW YORK'. CHICAGO. flTHLETlC inPLEnENTS. VAULTING STANDARD. Our Combination Standard is made of well sea- soned hard wood, nicely finished, simple in con- struction, and built throughout in a substantial manner. The sliding uprights work freely in grooves in the stationary uprights, and are se- cured in position by thumbscrews at back, as shown in sectional cut. For purposes of illus- tration we have placed both the Vaulting and High Jump Bars in position. They rest on pegs at top and bottom of sliding upright, the lower peg being also used to raise same to desired height Both uprights arc accurately graduated in half Inches. The Stationary Uprights are 7 feet high, and the Sliding Uprights allow of an elevation of 12 feet. The Standard is built in accordance with A. A. U. Rules governing these contests. No. 30. Combination Standard, $20.00 CROSS BARS. For Vaulting and Jumping Standards. No. I f 2. Selected hickory No. 1(3, Selected pine VAULTING POLES.-Selected Spruce. No. 100. 8feetlong....S3.00 I N... |02. 12 feet long No. jot. 10 feet long.... 4.00 I No. ( 03. 14 feet long. .. . 6. Special 1 oles, of extra fine quality, made to order, and prices quoted on Per doz., $8.00 . " 2.50 *^:88 application. HURDLES. .» ^-' Our Combination Hurdl-^s can be used either for indi- vidual use, or with the long cross bar tor general use. The lower division is 2 feet 6 inches, the upper, 3 feet 6 inches high. They_ me strong and substantially made of selected material. For individual use 40 Hur- dles are generally used, calculating four men to a heat. For ffeneral use to Hurdles make a full set. No. A. Individual Hurdles, with short bars. . . .$S.OO No. B. General Hurdles, with long bars 9.00 SCAFFOLD. For" throwing 56-lb. weights for height. M_ade_ of heavy, selected'timber, 15 feet hish and with projecting arm adjustable to 17 feet. Complete, with barrel head, pulleys, etc No. 2 I , Scaffold, $20.00 Spalding's Standard Steel Tapes. N Finest qu.nlitv, and guaranteed absolutely correct. ^ji^ J No. 45. ' Length 100 feet. Each, $ J 3.00 ^lklM0i^ Special discounts to clubs. Complete Catalogue mailed on application. A, G. SPALDII^C & SROS., Chicago. Philadalphla, New York^ WE ARE THE ONLY BUILDERS OF THE Famous St. Lawrence River Skief. AVOID WORTHLESS IMITATIONS. Look for our trade-mark shield, which is placed on every boat of oni' manufacture. Our eight boats, St. Lawrence River Skiffs ; rowboats ; sailing canoes ; paddling canoe ; yacht tender and small s:iil yacht received HIGHEST POSSIBLE AWAPJDS At World's Columbian Extosition. We build HIGH GRADE Pleasure Craft of all kinds, from Canoe to Steam Launch. Our single-hander Sail Boats, of modern built fin-keel type, are in:mensely successful cruisers and racers. On receipt of applicption, we will mail to any address our HANDSOMELY ILLUSTRATED AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE. liiiiJ - ;' z^::^ W^^^i^^^^^'t^^ ST. LAWRENCE RIVER SKIFF, CANOE AND STEAM LAUNCH CO., CLAYTON, Jefferson County, N. Y. 5f/jl5imq's Athletic Libr/?ry, Published Monthly. Each Number Complete. Devoted to all kinds of Sports. No. I. LIFE AND BATTLES OF JAMES J. C0R3ETT No. 2, INDIAN CLUBS AND DUMB BELLS. By J. H. Dough- Ek TV, AiTiateur Champion of America. No. 3. BOWLING. By A. E. Vogell. Containing instructions Ho.v to BmvvI, How to Score, How to Handicap. No. 4. BOXING. This book is, without doubt, the most valuable Jiianc-i of its kind ever published. It is fully illustrated. No. 5. GYMNASTICS. By Rouekt Stoll, N. Y. a. C, America's Champion on the Flying Riu'^s since 1885. No. 6. LAWN TENNIS. By O. S. Campbell, Champion Player of America. Valuable for beginners as well as experts; rules of the game complete. No. 7o BASE BALL. By Walter Camp. Specially adapted for colleges and prcjjaratory schools. Complete history of college base ball. No. 8. GOLF. By J. Stuart Balfour. Containing List of Implements and their uses, Glossary of Technical Terms and Latest Revised Rules o£ the Game. No. 9. ATHLETES' GUIDE. Articles on Training, by H. S. Cornish ; How to Train for Distance Running, by T. P. Conneff ; Sprinting, by Harry Jewett ; Throwing Weights, by James Mitchcl ; Walking, by S. Liebgold ; Jumping, Hurdling, Pole Vaulting, by A. A. Jordan ; and Rules for the (iovernment of Athletic Ghnies. No. 10. CROQUET. OtTicial Rules of the Game as adopted by the National Cro(iuet Association. No. II. SPALDING'S OFi^lCI.AL FOOT BALL GUIDE AND REFEREE'S BOOK. Revised by Walter Cami-. Authorized and adoptetl by tlie American Intercollegiate Association. No. 12. G/ELIC AND ASSOCIATION FOOT BALL. Compete Methods and Rules of each Game. No. 13. HANDBALL. How to Play Tt. Rules and Definitions, Regi - lation Court and its construction, with other interesting matter. No. 14. CURLING, HOCKEY AND POLO. Rules governing each game, and other valuable information. No. ISA, INDOOR BASE BALL GUIDE. Complete Illustrations for Playing, with Description of Game. No. 16. SKATING. Plistory of Skating, from earliest appearance to the present day, to which is added a list of the most authentic recort s. No. 17. BASKET BALL. Latest Revised Rules, with diagrams shov- ing position of players, etc. No. 13. FENCING. Complete Manual of Foil and Sabre, according 10 the methods of the best modern school. No. 19. SPALDING'S OFFICIAL BASE BALL GUIDE FOR 1894. A complete hand-book of the National Game of Base Ball. No. 20. CRICKET GUIDE. By Geo. Wright. Rules of the game, with valuable hints to players. Fully Illustrated. No, 21. ROWING. By E. J. GiANN'iNi, Champion Amateur Oarsman. Contains the Laws of Boat Racing, Records, and Names and Addresses of all tne l!oat Clubs MeniLers of the N. A. A. O. Fully illustrated. No, 22. CROQUET. As adopted by the National Croquet Association. Illustratjcl. No. 23. CANOEING. By C. Bowyer Vaux. Paddling, Sailing, Cruis- ing and Racing Canoes and their uses, with Hints on their Rig and Management, etc. The sport is purely amateur. Fully illustrated. No. 24. OFFICIAL FOOT BALL GUIDE FOR 1894. Edited by Walter Camf. Contains revised rules, portraits of leading players, etc. No. 25. SWIMMING. By Walter (;. Douglas. Illustrated. No. 26. HOW TO PLAY FOOT BALL. By Walter Camp. Ill'd. EACH, POSTPAID, 10 CENTS. AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING CO., 241 Broadway, New York City. WRIGHT Sl DITSON MANUFACTURERS OF ^ fine;* Atbl^tic Goods BASKET BALL, GOALS AND BALLS, GYMNASIUM GOODS AND APPLIANCES^ UNIFORMS FOR ALL SPORTS. Our Illustrated Catalogue Contains a Complete List of all Goods Pertaining to Athletic Sports and Pastimes, Mailed Free to any Address. WHOLESALE STORE. RETAIL STORE, 97 Pearl Street, 344 Washington St., BOSTON, MASS. THE SPALDING Official Intercollegiate Foot Ball ;^-XTf. wmwi FOR 1894. OFFICIALLY adopted by the Intercollegiate Foot Ball Associa- tion for 1894, making the third year of its adoption. It will be the only Foot Ball used in match games between the large colleges. We have spared no expense in making this ball more perfect than ever, and offer this season the finest Foot Ball ever produced. Each ball is thoroughly tested, packed in a separate box and sealed, so that our customers are guaranteed a perfect ball inside \\hen same i^ received with seal unbroken. A polished brass Foot Ball InHator ^'. ill be packed with each Intercollegiate Knot Ball this season without extra charge. No. J. Cotnplete, postpaid. S5.00 A. G. SPALDING & BROS., CHICAGO. PHILADELPHIA. NEW YOSK. ATHLETIC IMPLEMENTS. REGULATION 7-FT. CIRCLE. Made of heavy iron, the front l.alf of which is White, and rear half J\Lit, as a warning to the contestant in avoiding a foul, according to A.A.U.. rules. SOLID CIRCLE. No. (3. Solid Circle, $ | 2.C0 SECTIONAL 7-FT. CIRCLE. Our Sectional 7-ft. Circle is made in six pieces, and is quickly put together. It is made in this style for convoi.ince in handling and shipping. SECTIONAL ciHCLE. No. |4. Sectional Circle, $ 1 5.00 IRON LANE STAKES. t-- — For layin':; out individual lanes for Sprint Races. '-p To avoid fouling in short distance races, these I- should always be used. ^ - No. 15. Iron Stakes, Per doz., $6.00 REGULATION BARS. pi ^ JUMPING BAR No. 25. No. 20. FINISH POST. For Putting the Shot. For Broad Jumping. No. 25. The Toe Bar must be used with the 7-ft. circle, and forms four feet of the circumference. Made according to A.A.U. Rules, and furnished with two heavy spikes for holding firmly in the ground. Complete, $3.0O No. 20. Bar for broad jumping. Made according to A.A.U. Rules, of selected material, and supplied with two heavy spikes to hold firmly in ground Complete, $2.50 n COMPETITORS' NUMBERS. 4 Printed on heavy manilla paper. SetNo. I, Nos. I to 50 PerSet, $9.75 Set No, 2, Nos. I to 100 Set No, 3, Nos, Set No. 4, Nos. to 150 to 200 1.00 1. 50 2.00 SPECIAL DISCOUNTS TO CLTTBS ON APPLICATION. Our Complete Catalogue of Athletic and Outing Goods, No. 102, free to any address. iled A. G. CHICAGO. SPALDING & BROS., PHILADELPHIA. NEW YORK. LBJa'05