merttat£ Classics PA 1 m& OVID StURlES FROM THE METAMORPHOSES BOND AND WALPOLE AMERICAN EDITION W. P, MUSTARD Ph.D. I | ; I I LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, Cfjap ©optjrtg&ttyj shelf Jaj5 B (o UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. STORIES FROM OVID'S METAMORPHOSES t Jgxm mm ■ STORIES FROM OVID'S METAMORPHOSES » EDITED FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS BY EEV. JOHN BOND, M.A. . AND ARTHUR S. WALPOLE, M.A. WITH NOTES EXERCISES AND VOCABULARY Revised for use in American Schools by WILFRED P. MUSTARD, Ph.D. PROFESSOR OF LATIN IN COLORADO COLLEGE JIW 9 1393 Nefo iorfe &QWW& : MACMILLAN AND CO. ) !%%bj ID LONDON 1893 rights reserved ,4^ COPYRIGHT, 1893, By MACMILLAX AND CO. Xorfoooto 33rc88 : J. S. Cushing- & Co.— Berwick & Smith. Boston, Mass., U.S.A. PEEFAOE. Ik adapting this little book for American schools I have rewritten the notes, revised the vocabulary, and added references to the grammars of Allen & Greenough (A. & G.), Gildersleeve (Q.), and Hark- ness (H.). The introduction and the exercises have been left unchanged. W. P. M. Colorado Springs, Feb. 25, 1893. CONTENTS. PAGE Preface v Introduction . . ix Text 1 Notes 25 Exercises 49 Vocabulary to Exercises . . . . . 61 Vocabulary . . • . ... . . 65 INTEODUCTKOT. Publius Ovidius Naso, usually known as Ovid, was born b.c. 43 at Sulmo (Sulmone) in the hill- country of the Peligni, about 90 miles east of Eome ; Julius Caesar had been murdered the year before, and the time of Ovid's birth is memorable for the defeat of Mark Antony before Mutina (Modena). He came of an old equestrian family and was intended for a lawyer; he spent some time at Athens and also travelled in Asia and Sicily; but following the bent of his mind, he gave himself up unreservedly to poetry, after filling some minor offices in the capital. For many years his life in Eome was exactly to his mind; he was the friend of the greater poets of the day, Horace, Gallus, Tibul- lus, and Propertius, and of the Emperor himself. But suddenly, a.d. 8, when he was 50 years of age, he received the order to leave Italy at once and go to Tomi, on the west shore of the Black Sea, near the mouths of the Danube. It has never been quite ascertained how he had offended Augustus : he had probably mixed himself up, intentionally or other- wise, in some court intrigue. His unceasing en- ix X OVID. treaties for recall, backed up by powerful friends in Rome, were beginning to move Augustus, when he died; but his successor, Tiberius, turned a deaf ear to the poet's complaints, and in his bleak home, after ten miserable years, Ovid died an exile in his 60th year, a.i>. 17. He was three times married: his first two wives he divorced; with the third he appears to have lived happily, although she did not go with him to Tomi. His works are voluminous and form three classes : (i.) Elegiac, including tie* * Fasti,' or poetical cal- endar of the Roman year; l Heroides/ letters from celebrated mythical heroines; 'Tristia.' in live books; 'Epistulae ex l'onto.' in tour books written from Tomi, (ii.) Fifteen books of the 'Metamor- phoses' (/xeTa/xo/3c/)oj(r£t9). adapted from G reek writers, containing legends of transformations from the human form into animals, plants, etc., (iii.) His tragedy ( MedeaJ praised by Quintilian and others, but not extant. The present collection is made from the 'Tiroci- nium Poeticum ' of Siebelis, with one addition. At the desire of the Publishers w r e have added a few exercises in Latin Hexameter verse. [In the vocabulary, a few words which are some- times written with a j appear under that heading, but are printed in the text with an i.] OVID, - STORIES FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. I. (Met. v. 438-461.) Ceres, during her search for her lost daughter Proserpine, is insulted by a rude boy, ivhom she turns into a lizard. Istterea pavidae nequiquani filia matri omnibus est terris, omni quaesita profundo. Illam non udis veniens Aurora capillis cessantem vidit, non Hesperus ; ilia duabus flammiferas pinus manibus succendit ab Aetna, 5 perque pruinosas tulit irrequieta tenebras. Rursus ubi alma dies hebetarat sidera, natam solis ab occasu solis quaerebat ad ortus. Fessa labore sitim collegerat, oraque nulli colluerant fontes, cum tectam stramine vidit 10 forte casam parvasque fores pulsavit ; at inde prodit anus divamque videt lymphamque roganti dulce dedit, tosta quod texerat ante polenta. z OVJD — 8T0BIE8 Dum bibit ilia datum, duri puer oris et audax constitit ante deam risitque avidamque vocavit, 15 Offensa est, neque adhuc epota parte loquentera cum liquido mixta perfudit diva polenta. Combibit os maculas et, quae modo bracchia gesfeit, crura gerit ; cauda est mutatis addita meinbris; inque brevem formam, ne sit vis magna nocendi, 20 contraliitur, parvaque minor men sura lacerta est. Mirantem flen tern que et tangere monstra parantem fugit anum latebramque petit, aptumque colon nomen habet, variis stellatus corpora guttis. II. Battus (ii. 680-707). While Apollo, then serving in Messenia as a shepherd^ was playing on hispipes, Mercury stole /us cattle. No one saw the theft except Battus, icho having betrayed the god was changed into a flint Delphice, ternpus erat, quo te pastoria pellis texit onusque fuit baculum silvestre sinistrae, alterius dispar septenis fistula cannis. Dumque amor est curae, dum te tua fistula mulcet, incustoditae Pylios memorantur in agros 5 processisse boves. Videt has Atlantide Maia natus et arte sua silvis occultat abactas. FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. 6 Senserat hoc furtum nemo nisi notus in illo rure senex, — Battum vicinia tota vocabant. Divitis hie salt us herbosaque pascua Nelei 10 nobiliumque greges custos servabat equarum. Hunc timuit blandaque manu seduxit et illi " Quisquis es, hospes," ait " si forte armenta requiret haec aliquis, vidisse nega. aSTeu gratia facto nulla rependatur, nitidam cape praemia vaccam." 15 Et dedit. Accepta voces has reddidit hospes : " Tutus eas ; lapis iste prius tua furta loqnetur : " et lapidem ostendit. Sinmlat love natus abire, mox redit et versa pariter cum voce figura, "Eustice, vidisti si quas hoc limite" dixit 20 " ire boves, f er opem furtoque silentia deme ! km eta suo pretium dabitur tibi femina tauro." At senior, postquam merces geminata, " Sub illis montibus " inquit " erunt." Et erant sub montibus illis. Eisit Atlantiades et " Me mihi, perfide, prodis ? 25 me mihi prodis ? " ait, periuraque pectora vertit in durum silicem, qui nunc quoque dicitur Index; inque nihil merito vetus est infamia saxo. 4 OVIB— STOHIES III. I (Anus (viii. 183-235). Daedalus was imprisoned in Crete by order of Minos; by his skill he invented and made wings and learnt to fly, and then started for Athens with his son Icarus, who fell into (he sea and perished, Daedalus interea, Cretan Longumqile perosus exsiliuni tactusque Loci natalis amore, clausus erat pelago. " Terras licet" iniquit "et undas obstruat, at caelum certe patet : ibimus iliac ; omnia possideat, non possidet aera Minos. " 5 Dixit, et ignotas animum dimittit in artes naturamque novat. Nam ponit in ordine pennas a minima coeptas, longam breviore sequenti, ut clivo crevisse putes. Sic rustica quondam fistula disparibus paulatim surgit avenis. 10 Turn lino medias et ceris alligat imas, atque ita compositas parvo curvamine flectit, ut veras imitetur aves. Puer Icarus una stabat et, ignarus sua se tractare pericla, ore reniclenti modo, quas vaga moverat aura, 15 captabat plumas, flavam modo pollice ceram mollibat, lusuque suo mirabile patris impediebat opus. Postquam manus ultima coeptis FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. 5 iinposita est. geininas opifex libravit in alas ipse suuni corpus niotaque pependit in aura. 20 Instruit et natuin, "Medio '"que "ut limite eurras, Icare," ait ••raoneo. ne. si deniissior ibis, unda gravet pennas. si eelsior, ignis adurat. Me duce carpe viani ! " Pariter praecepta volandi tradit, et ignotas umeris accomniodat alas. 25 Inter opus monitusque genae maduere seniles et patriae tremuere nianus. Dedit oscula nato non itemm repetenda suo, pennisque levatus ante volat eoniitique timet, velut ales, ab alto quae teneram prolem produxit in aera nido ; 30 hortaturque sequi damnosasque erudit artes, et niovet ipse suas et nati respieit alas. Hos aliquis. tremula duni captat harundine pisces, aut pastor baeulo stivave innixus arator vidit et obstipuit. quique aetliera earpere possent, 35 credidit esse deos. Et iam Iunonia laeva parte Samos fuerat. Delosque Parosque relictae. dextra Lebinthos erat fecimdaque nielle Calvnme : cum puer audaei eoepit gaudere volatu. deseruitque due em caelique eupidine tractus 40 altius egit iter. Eapidi vicinia solis mollit odoratas. pennarum vineula. ceras. Tabuerant cerae : nudos quatit ille lacertos remigioque earens non ullas percipit auras, oraque eaerulea patrium elamantia nomen 45 exeipiuntur aqua, quae nomen traxit ab illo. b OVID— STORIES At pater inf'elix, nee iani pater " Icare " dixit, " Icare " dixit kk ubi es ? qua te regione requiram ? "' "Icare w dicebat: pennas aspexit in undis, devovitque suas artes, porpusque sepulcro 50 condidit; et tellus a nomine dicta sepulti. IV. The Eboos (vi. 317-381). A peasant tells /tote some Lycian hours were turned into frogs, Lyciae quoqtie fertilis agria non inipnne deam veteres sprevere colon i. Res obsenra quidem est ignobilitate viroruin, mira tamen. Vidi praesens stagnumque locuinque prodigio notum ; nam me Lam grandior aevo 5 impatiensqne viae genitor deducere lectos iusserat inde boves, gentisque illius ennti ipse ducem dederat. Cum quo dum pascua lustro, ecce lacu medio, sacrorum nigra favilla, ara vetns stabat, tremulis circmndata cannis. 10 Eestitit et pavido "Faveas mihi" murmure dixit dux meus, et simili " Faveas " ego murmure dixi. Nai'adum Faunine foret tamen ara rogabam, indigenaeve dei, cum talia rettulit hospes. "Non hac, o iuvenis, montanum numen in ara est; 15 FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. 1 ilia suani vocat hanc, cui quondam regia Tuno orbem interclixit, quam vix erratica Delos orantem accepit turn, cum levis insula nabat. Hinc quoque Iunonem fugisse puerpera fertur inque suo portasse sinu, duo nunrina, natos. 20 Iamque Chiniaeriferae, cum sol gravis ureret arva, finibus in Lyciae longo dea fessa labore, sidereo siccata sitim collegit ab aestu. Forte lacum mediocris aquae prospexit in imis vallibus : agrestes illic fruticosa legebant 25 vimina cum iuncis gratamque paludibus ulvam. Accessit positoque genu Titania terram pressit, ut hauriret gelidos potura liquores. Eustica turba vetant. Dea sic atfata vetantes : 'Quid pxoliibetis aquis ? usus communis aquarum est ; 30 nee solera proprium natura, nee aera fecit, nee tenues undas : ad publica munera veni. Quae tamen ut detis, supplex peto. ISTon ego nostros abluere hie art us lassataque membra parabam, sed relevare sitim. Caret os umore loquentis 35 et fauces arent vixque est via vocis in illis. Haustus aquae mihi nectar erit vitamque fatebor accepisse simul : vitam dederitis in unda. Hi quoque vos moveant, qui nostro bracchia tendunt parva sinu. 3 Et casu tendebant bracchia nati. 40 Quem non blanda deae potuissent verba movere ? 8 OVID— STORIES Hi tamen orantem perstant prohibere minasque, ni procul abscedat, conviciaque insuper addunt. Nee satis est, ipsos etiam pedibusque manuque turbavere lacus imoque e gurgite mollem 45 hue illuc liiimm saltu movere maligno. Distulit ira sitim. Neque enim Lam filia Coei supplicat indignisj nee dicere sustinet ultra verba minora dea; tollensque ad Bidera palmas 'Aeternum Btagno' dixit 'vivatis in isto!' 50 Eveniunt optata deae: iuvat esse Bub nndis, et modo tota cava Bubmergere membra palude, nunc proferre caput. Bummo modo gurgite nare, saepe Buper ripam stagni considere, saepe in gelidos resllire lacus. Sed nunc quoque turpes 55 litibus exercent linguas, pulsoque pudore, quamvis sint sub aqua, sub aqua maledicere temp- tant. Vox quoque iam rauca est, inflataqua colla tum- escunt ipsaque dilatant patulos convicia rictus. Terga caput tangunt, colla intercepta videntur; 60 spina viret ; venter, pars maxima corporis, albet : limosoque novae saliunt in gurgite ranae ! " FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. 9 V. Philemon and Baucis (viii. 618-724). Tivo pious Phrygians give hospitality to Jove and Mercury, who come in likeness of men. Immensa est finemque potent ia caeli non habet et, quidquid superi voluere, peractum est. Quoque minus dubites, tiliae contermina quercus collibus est Phrygiis, niodico circumdata muro. Haud procul hinc stagnum est, tellus habitabilis olim ? 5 nunc celebres mergis fulicisque palustribus undae. Iuppiter hue specie niortali, cumque parente venit Atlantiades positis caducifer alis. Mille donios adiere domum requiemque petentes ; mille domos clausere serae. Tamen una recepit, io parva quidem, stipulis et canna tecta palustri ; sed pia Baucis anus parilique aetate Philemon ilia sunt annis iuncti iuvenilibus, ilia consenuere casa, paupertatemque fatendo efTecere levem nee iniqua mente ferendo. 15 Nee refert, dominos illic famulosne requiras : tota domus duo sunt, idem parentque iubentque. Ergo ubi caelicolae parvos tetigere penates submissoque humiles intrarunt vertice postes, membra senex posito iussit relevare sedili, 20 10 OVID — STORIES quo superiniecit textuni rude sedula Baucis. Inde toco tepidum cinerem dimovit et ignes suscitut hesternos foliisque et cortice sicco nutrit et ad flammas anima producit anili. Multifidasque faces ramaliaque arida tecto 25 detulit et minuit parvoque admovit aenoj quodque suns coniunx riguo collegerat horto, truncat olus foliis. Furca ievat ille bicorni sordida terga Buis nigro pendentia tigno, servatoque diu resecat de tergore partem 30 exiguam, sectamque domat ferventibus undis. Interea medias falluut sermonibus boras, concutiuntque torum de molli fluminis ulva, impositum lecto sponda pedibusque salignis. Vestibus hunc velant, quas non nisi teni])ore festo 35 sternere consuerant ; sed et haec vilisque vetusque vestis erat, lecto non indignanda saligno. Accubuere dei. ^rensam succincta tremensque ponit anus ; mensae sed erat pes tertius i in par. Testa parem fecit ; quae postquam subdita clivum 40 sustulit, aequatani mentae tersere virentes. Ponitur hie bicolor sincerae baca Minervae conditaque in liquida coma autumnalia faece intibaque et radix et lactis massa coacti ovaque non acri leviter versata favilla: 45 omnia fictilibus. Post haec caelatus eodem sistitur argento crater fabricataque fago pocula, qua cava sunt, flaventibus illita ceris. FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. 11 Parva mora est epulasque foci misere calentes, nee longae rursus referuntur vina senectae 50 dantque locum mensis paulum seducta secundis. Hie irax, hie mixta est rugosis Carica palmis prunaque et in patulis redolentia mala canistris et de purpureis collectae vitibus uvae. Candidus in medio favus est. Super omnia voltus 55 accessere boni nee iners pauperque voluntas. Interea totiens haustum crater a repleri sponte sua per seque vident succrescere vina. Attoniti novitate pavent manibusque supinis concipiunt Baucisque preces timidusque Philemon 60 et veniam dapibus nullisque paratibus orant. Unicus anser erat minimae custodia villae ; quern dis hospitibus domini mactare parabant. Ille celer penna tardos aetate fatigat eluditque diu, tandemque est visus ad ipsos 65 confugisse deos. Superi vetuere necari, "Di" que " sumus, meritasque luet vicinia poenas impia;" dixerunt "vobis immunibus huius esse mali dabitur, modo vestra relinquite tecta ac nostros comitate gradus et in ardua montis 70 ite simul." Parent ambo baculisque levati nituntur longo vestigia ponere clivo. Tan turn aberant suinmo, quantum semel ire sagitta missa potest : flexere oculos et mersa palude cetera prospiciunt, tan turn sua tecta manere. 75 12 OVID — 8 TORIES Dumque ea mirantur, dum deflent fata suorum, ilia vetus dominis etiam casa parva duobus, vertitur in templum : furcas subiere columnae, stramiua flavescunt aurataque tecta videntur caelataeque fores adopertaque marmore tellus. 80 Talia turn placido Satumius edidit ore : "Dicite, iuste senex et femina coniuge iusto digna. quid optetis." Cum Baucide pauca locutus iudicium Buperis aperit commune Philemon: "Esse sacerdotes delubraque vestra tueri 85 poscimns; et, quoniam Concordes egimus annos, auferat hora duos eadem, nee coniugis umquam busta nieae videam, nee sim tumulandus ab ilia." Vota fides sequitur: templi tutela fuere, donee vita data est. Annis aevoque soluti 90 ante gradus sacros cum starent forte locique inciperent casus, frondere Philemona Baucis, Baucida conspexit senior frondere Philemon. Ianique super geminos crescente cacumine voltus mutua, dum licuit, reddebant dicta "Vale "que 95 " o coniunx ! " dixere simul, simul abdita texit ora frutex. Ostendit adliuc Tyanems illic incola de gemino vicinos corpore truncos. Haec mihi non vani (neque erat cur fallere vellent) narravere senes. Equidem pendentia vidi 100 serta super ramos ponensque recentia dixi : " Cura pii clis sunt et, qui coluere, coluntur." FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. 13 VI. Midas (xi. 87-193). Bacchus, grateful to Midas, king of Phrygia, for bringing back Silerais to him, grants him a boon. He chooses that all that he touches shall be changed to gold. This gift which brings disastrous results is cancelled; but Midas having shown his want of taste in preferring Pan's music to Apollo's is con- demned to wear the ears of an ass. Pactolon fhivium, quamvis non aureus illo tempore nee caris erat irrvidiosus harems, Bacchi assueta cohors, Satyri Bacchaeque, fre- quentant ; at Silenus abest. Titubantem annisque meroque ruricolae cepere Phryges vinctumque coronis 5 ad regem duxere Midan, cui Tliracius Orpheus orgia tradiderat cum Cecropio Eumolpo. Qui simul agnovit socium comitemque sacrorum, hospitis adventu festum genialiter egit per bis quinque dies et iunctas ordine noctes. 10 Et iam stellarum sublime coegerat agmen Lucifer undecimus, Lydos cum laetus in agros rex venit et iuveni Silenum reddit alumno. Huic deus optandi gratum, sed inutile, fecit muneris arbitrium, gaudens altore recepto. 15 Ille, male usurus donis, ait " Effice, quidquid corpore contigero, fulvum vertatur in aurum." 14 OVID— STORIES Adnuit optatis nocituraque munera solvit Liber, et indoluit, quod nrraque rasa sonat squamis, quique halitua exit ore niger Stygio, vitiatas inficit auras. 70 Ipse raodo immensuni Bpiris faeientibus orbem cingitux, interdum Longa trabe rectior exstat, iinpete nunc vasto, ceu concitus imbribus aninis, fertur e1 obstantes proturbal pectore silvas. Cedil Agenorides paulum, spolioque leonis 75 sustinet incursus instantiaque ora retardat cuspide praetenta. Furit ille et mania duro volnera dat ferro figitque in acumine dentes. Iamque venenifero sanguis manare ])alato coeperat et virides aspergine tinxerat herbas ; 80 sed leve volnus erat, quia se retrahebat ab ictu laesaque colla dabat retro, plagamque sedere cedendo arcebat nee longius ire sinebat : donee Agenorides coniectum in gutture ferrum usque sequens pressit, dum retro que reus eunti 85 obstitit et fixa est pariter cum robore cervix. Pondere serpentis curvata est arbor, et irnae parte flagellari gemuit sua robora caudae. Dum spatium victor victi considerat hostis, vox subito audita est (neque erat cognoscere promptum, 90 unde, sed audita est): "Quid, Agenore nate, per- emptum serpentem spectas ? Et tu spectabere serpens." Ille diu pavidus pariter cum mente colorem FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. 21 perdiderat gelidoque comae terrore rigebant. Ecce viri fautrix, superas delapsa per auras 95 Pallas adest motaeque iubet supponere terrae vipereos dentes, populi incrementa futuri. Paret et, ut presso sulcum patefecit aratro, spargit humi iussos, mortalia seniina, dentes. Inde, fide niaius, glaebae coepere moveri 100 primaque de sulcis acies apparuit hastae, tegmina niox capitum picto nutantia cono, mox umeri pectusque onerataque bracchia telis exsistunt crescitque seges clipeata virorum. 104 Territus hoste novo Cadmus capere arma parabat : "Ne cape" (de populo, quern terra creaverat, unus exclamat) "nee te civilibus insere bellis ! " Atque ita terrigenis rigido de fratribus unum comminus ense ferit, iaculo cadit eminus ipse. Hie quoque, qui leto dederat, non longius illo no vivit et exspirat, modo quas acceperat, auras. Exemploque pari furit omnis turba, suoque Marte cadunt subiti per mutua volnera fratres. lam que brevis vitae spatium sortita iuventus sanguineo tepidam plangebat pectore matrem, 115 quinque superstitibus, quorum fuit unus Echion. Is sua iecit humo monitu Tritonidis arma fraternaeque fideni pacis petiitque deditque. Hos operis comites liabuit Sidonius hospes, cum posuit iussam Phoebeis sortibus urbem. 120 22 OVID — 8TOBIE8 VIII. Pygmalion (x. 243-294). Pygmalion t of Cyprus, mack a statue of such beauty thai hz fell in love with it. At his earnest prayer Venus brought life* Pygmalion sine coniuge caelebs vivebatj thalamique diu consorte carebat. Interea niveum mira feliciter arte Bculpsit ebur, formamque dedit, qua femina nasci nulla potest, operisque sui concepit amorem. 5 Virginis est verae facies, quam vivere credos, et si non obstet reverentia, velle moveri. Ars adeo latet arte sua. Miratur et haurit pectore Pygmalion Bimulati corporis ignes. Saepe manus operi temptantes admovet, an sit id corpus an ilkul ebur; nee adhuc ebur esse fatetur. Oscula dat reddique putat, loquiturque tenetque, et credit tactis digitos insidere membris ; et metuit, pressos veniat ne livor in artus. Et modo blanditias adhibet, modo grata puellis 15 munera fert illi, conchas teretesque lapillos, et parvas volucres et flores mille color urn, liliaque pictasque pilas et ab arbore lapsas Heliadum lacrimas ; ornat quoque vestibus artus, dat digitis gemmas, dat longa monilia collo. 20 Aure leves bacae, rediraicula pectore pendent. FROM THE METAMORPHOSES. 23 Cuncta decent, nee nuda minus formosa videtur. Festa dies Veneris tota celeberrima Cypro venerat, et pandis inductae cornibus anrum conciderant ictae nivea cervice iuvencae, 25 turaque f umabant ; cum munere functus ad aras constitit et timide " si di dare cuncta potestis, sit coniunx opto," non ausus " eburnea virgo," dicere Pygmalion, "similis mea," dixit, "eburnae." Sensit, ut ipsa suis aderat Venus aurea festis, 30 vota quid ilia velint ; et, amici numinis omen, flamma ter accensa est, apicemque per aera duxit. Ut rediit simulacra suae petit ille puellae, incumbensque toro dedit oscula. Visa tepere est. Temptatum mollescit ebur, positoque rigore 35 subsidit digitis, ceditque, ut Hymettia sole cera remollescit, tractataque pollice multas flectitur in facies, ipsoque fit utilis usu. Durn stupet et dubie gaudet fallique veretur, rursus amans rursusque manu sua vota retractat. 40 Corpus erat ; saliunt tempt atae pollice venae. Turn vero Paphius plenissima concipit heros verba, quibus Veneri grates agat; oraque tandem ore suo non falsa premit, dataque oscula virgo sensit et erubuit, timidumque ad lumina lumen 45 attoilens pariter cum caelo vidit amantem. NOTES. NOTES. 1. filia, Proserpine, whom Pluto had carried off to Hades to be his bride. matri, Ceres: the dative of the agent. A. & G. 232, a; G.352; H.388, 1. 2. With est supply quaesita, with quaesita supply est . 3. illam, Cererem. non does not go with udis. udis capillis, 'wet,' because she rose from the sea: abla- tive of quality or descriptive ablative. A. & G. 251; G. 402; H. 419, II. 4. duabus manibus, so as to have one in each hand. 6. pruinosas tenebras, ' through the cold and darkness.' 9. sitim. What other substantives are thus declined ? A. & G. 56, a ; G. 60, 2, a ; H. 62, II. ora. The plural is freely used in poetry, sometimes for metrical reasons. A. & G. 79, d ; G. 195, R. 6 ; H. 130, 3. 10. cum . . . vidit. The indicative is used where, by an in- verted construction, what would otherwise be the principal assertion is stated in a subordinate clause introduced by cum. A. & G. 325, b ; G. 581, R. 13. dulce, substantive. 14. dum bibit, ' while she was drinking.' A. & G. 276, e ; G. 572 ; H. 467, II. 4. duri oris, genitive of quality. A. & G. 215; G. 364; H. 396, V. 27 28 OVID. 16. neque adhuc=c£ nondum* epota parte, ablative absolute. 17. Construe: diva perfudit loquentem polenta mixta cum liquido. 18. ' And what he lately had for arms, he now has for legs.' 21. Short for menturlk minor est quam mensurd parvae lacertae. parva lacerta, ablative after a comparative. A. & G. 247; G.399; H. 417. 22. monstra, plural for singular, like ora, verse 9, and cor- pora, verse 24. 23. fugit, perfect. latebra, not so common as the plural latebrae. petit petiit. Vergil uses the same contracted form (Aen. IX. 9), and we find also peti=petii; obit = obiit, and like forms, especially in compounds of eo. 24. Alluding to the word stellio (which originally means ' speckled ' or ' starred '), the name of a kind of lizard. corpora, accusative of the part specified. A. & G. 240, c; G. 332: H. 378. II. 1. quo (tempore), 'when.' 2. onus, ■ thy left hand laden with a sylvan crook.' 3. alterius {mania onusfuit). septenis, the use of distributive for cardinal is poetic. A. & G. 95, d ; G. 310, R. ; H. 174, 2, 4). dispar . . . cannis, cp. III. 10, and VI. 68 n. 4. curae, dative of service or predicative dative. A. & G. 230, a; G. 350; H. 390, I. 6. Maia, ablative of origin. A. & G. 244, a ; G. 395 ; H. 415, II. Maia, daughter of Atlas, was the mother, Jupiter the father, of Mercury (verse 18). 7. arte sua. Mercury was a notorious thief, and the god of thieves. occultat abactas. Translate by two co-ordinate clauses. A. & G. 292, R. ; G. 667, R. 1 ; H. 549, 5. NOTES. 29 9. vicinia vocabant. Nouns of multitude often take the predicate in the plural. This agreement of words according to the sense {constructio ad sensum) is called Synesis. A. & G. 205, c, 1 ; G. 202, R. 1 ; H. 461, 1. In V. 67, vicinia has a singular verb. 10. Nelel, dissyllable. A. & G. 347, c; G. 721; H. 608, III. 12. nunc, Battum. timuit, Mercurius. 14. vidisse, the subject te is omitted. Neu . . . nulla, ' and that some.' facto, * the service.' 15. praemia, ' as your reward ' : plural for singular ; cp. ora, 1.9. 16. accepta (vaccd) , ablative absolute. 17. eas, the subjunctive used as an imperative. A. & G. 266, a ; G.256; H. 484, IV. N. 2. 19. versa figura, abl. abs. pariter cum voce = and his voice at the same time, a favorite form of expression in Ovid. Cp. VII. 86; VII. 93; VIII. 46. 20. hoc limite, ' this way.' A. & G. 258, g ; G. 387 ; H. 420, 1, 3. 21. furto, dative instead of the ablative with a preposition. A. & G. 229 ; G. 346 ; H. 386, 2. 22. iuncta, ' mated. ' f emina = vacca. pretium, ' as your pay.' 23. geminata, est . See III. 18 n. senior = senex. erunt, i.e. you will find that they are there : cp. Juvenal I. 126, noli vexare, quiescet : ' don't trouble her, you will find she is asleep.' 26. pectora : the part for the whole. So puppis is often used for navis, axis for currus, etc. 27. silicem, with marked reference to verse 17. Index, *■ Touchstone.' 28. nihil merit o, 'unoffending,' 'innocent.' 30 ovid. III. 1. perosus, ' though hating. 1 A. .V G. 292; G. 667; H. 540, 2. 2. loci natalis. Athens: the objective genitive. A. & (J. 217; G.361, 2; II. 396, III. 3. licet, 'although': the Impersonal verb used as a conjunc- tion. 4. obstruat, Minos: licet takes the subjunctive. A. & G. 313, b\ G. 009; H.415, III. 5. possideat, the subjunctive used as a concessive. A. & ( \. 266, c\ G. 257; B. 184, III. 6. dimittit, ' devotes/ 7. novat, 'revolutionizes': cp. the phrases, norare res and novae re8 t used of a revolution. 8. ' Beginning with the smallest, a shorter (feather) following a long one.' The details in this line are somewhat confused, but the general meaning is obvious from what follows. !». clivo, a poetical extension of the ablative of the place where, in clivo. A. & G. 258,/, 3; G. 384, B. l': H. 425, 2, N. 3. As trees on a slope grow one above another, so the feathers are arranged. putes, ' you would think ' (i.e. if you saw them: the con- dition being only implied). A. & G. 311, a; G. 250; H. 485, N. 3. The subject is impliedly indefinite (i.e. you = one). 11. medias . . . imas; see IV. 24 n. 13. aves = avium alas. 14. ■ That he was handling what was to be his bane ' ; a bold use of an abstract instead of a concrete word. 17. mollibat, old form for molliebat. A. & G. 128, e, 1 ; G. 191, 4; H. 240, 1. 18. postquam regularly takes the indicative (usually in the perfect or historical present). A. & G. 324 ; G. 563 ; H. 518, N. 1. The English translation is often the pluperfect. manus ultima, ' the finishing touch/ NOTES. 31 19. ' The artist poised his own body on the twin wings, and hnng in the ruffled air.' 21. limite. See II. 20 n. Construe aitqite : moneo ut medio limite curras. 22. demissior . . . celsior, 'too low ... too high.' A. & G. 93, a; G. 312,2; H. 444,1. 23. ignis, viz. of the sun. 24. The objective genitive represents many English phrases besides the possessive case and the preposition of. volandi here = de volando. 25. umeris, dative with compound of ad. A. & G. 228, N. 2 ; G. 346; H. 386, 1. 28. repetenda. The gerundive is sometimes virtually a future passive participle : cp. Livy, 9, 5, alii alios intueri, contemplari arma ?nox tradenda, et inermes futuras dextras. Join nato suo. 29. comiti. A. & G. 227, c; G. 347; H. 385, 1. 31. hortatur, Daedalus. The usual construction after hortari is ut with the subjunctive, as after other verbs implying ' ask, command, advise, and strive.' But sometimes the infinitive follows as the accusative of the object: cp. Sallust, Jugurtha, 24, plura de Iugurtha scribere dehortatur mefortuna mea. erudit (eum) artes. In poetry and post- August an prose erudire takes two accusatives (like docere). Cicero (Tusculan Disputations, 2, 14) uses it with the ablative: Lycurgi leges laboribus erudiunt iuventutem. 34. innixus governs both ablatives, baculo and stiva. A. & G. 254, 6, 1; G. 403, R. 3: H. 425, 1, 1), N. 35. Construe crediditque eos deos esse, qui possent (causal clause) . A. & G. 320, e ; G. 636 ; H. 517. aethera carper e, ' to fly ' ; an exaggeration of the common phase viam carper e (' to take one's way ' ). 36. Hera (whom the Romans confused and identified with their Juno) had a splendid temple at Samos, called the Heraeum. It was the largest temple of which Herodotus knew. [The 32 OVID. course of Daedalus and his son was : first, north to the Cyclades ; then, cast to Samos; then south.] 87. fuerat, relicta. relictae,/t/eranl. 38. dextra, nominative. 39. volatu. A. &G. 254, 6,1; G.407; H. 416. 44. remigio. A. &G. 243, a; G. 389; H. 414,1. Abstract for concrete. 40. caerulea, ablative. 4i'». nomen. viz. Tcarium man , between Chios and Cos. 47. nee iam, ' nay, no Longer. 1 BO. sepulcro. Cp. clivo, verse 9 n. 51. tellus, the island oi Ecaria, south of Chios, dicta. e*f. [V. I. agris in agris. Cp. clivo, m. 9.n. .!. deam. Latona, mother by Jove of Apollo and Diana. 3. ignobilitate, causal ablative. A. & G. 245; G.407; H.41G. 4. praesens, ' with my own eyes.' o. aevo, ablative of specification. A. & G. 253; G. 398J H. 424, N. 1. G. viae. Present participles used adjectivally regularly gov- ern an objective genitive. A. & G. 218, b\ G. ."174 : H. .'V.m, II. Imitations, though not strictly a participle, takes a similar genitive. 7. inde, i.e. from Lycia. Join ducem gentis illius =(Lycian). 8. cum quo. cum is usually placed after the relative pro- noun. A. & G. 104, e, X. ; G. 414, R. 1 ; H. 187, 2. 9. lacu medio. See verse 24 n. The omission of the preposi- tion in is easier because of the epithet. A. & G. 258,/, 2; G. 38G ; H. 425, 2, N. 2. Join ara vetus, nigra favilld sacrorum. II. Faveas mihi, a passing prayer is offered. A. & G. 206, a ; G. 256, 2; H. 484, IV. NOTES. 33 14. Construe rogdbam tamen, ara foret Naiadum Faunine indigenaeve dei. This is an instance of a dependent alternative question. For the omission of the interrogative particle in the first member, see A. & G. 211, a; G. 462, 4; H. 353, 2. 14. cum = et turn. See I. 10 n. re-t-tulit probably owes its first t to the fact that tuli is for the reduplicated form te-tuli. 17. All lands refused to receive Latona for fear of Juno, so she wandered on until she came to Delos, which was then a floating (erratica) island. She there gave birth to Apollo and Diana. 19. puerpera (i.e. Latona), ' [when she had become] a mother.' 21. Join Lyciae Chimaeriferae. cum . . . ureret. A. & G. 325, N. ; G. 58G, R. ; H. 521, II. 2. 22. in, thus placed between its case and the genitive thereon dependent, is a poetical liberty. 24. imis vallibus. ' Primus, ultimus, summits, imus, ex- tr emus, and other like adjectives are used as epithets with parti- tive force.' A. & G. 193; G. 287, R. ; H. 440, 2, N. 1. 27. Titania, she was the daughter of the Titan Coeus (Koto?) . See verse 48. 29. turba vetant. See II. 9 n. 30. prohibetis, the direct object me is easily supplied. aquis is the ablative of separation. A. & G. 243, a; G. 388 ; H. 414, I. 31. proprium, 'private property,' ' a monopoly.' 32. publica, 'common,' 'which all may share.' 33. ut detis. A. & G. 331 ; G. 546 ; H. 498, I. peto with short o is found in all poets, as also void, amd, scid, nego, veto, and the parenthetical putd and rogd. A. & G. 348, 7 ; G. 704, 5, Exc. 2 ; H. 581, II. 2. nostros =7neos, unless the babes are included. 35. loquentis, ' as I speak.' 37. Construe fatebor (me) accepisse vitam. The omission of the subject of accepisse is poetical. 34 OVID. .°)S. dederitis. The i in imus, itis of the future perfect Indic- ative and perfect subjunctive, is sometimes long. A. ^v <;. 351, a; G. U2; H.586, III. 5. 39. moveant, the subjunctive used to express a wish. A. & <;. 267; G. 253; II. 184, I. uk sinu esinu. A. & <;. 258, a, N. 3; G.388, R. 3; 11.414, N. l. 41. potuissent forms the apodosis of a conditional sentenci which the protasis is wholly omitted. The suppressed condition is 'if trial had been made.' (This is sometimes called the potential subjunctive.) A. & G. 311, a, R.; G. 602; II. £86, n. 2. 4C>. movere. ' stirred up.' 47. distulit, i.e. mad.- her forget. 4s. dicere is the direct object to the verb susHnet. 4 ( .>. minora dea, ' to say aught below what a goddess should,' = minora verbis . and Bee verse 24 //. 54. considere, ' squat.' 56. pulso: we may translate by the preposition ' without.' 57. sint. A. & G. 313, a ; G. (308 ; H. 515, III. 59. ' their foul words make their yawning mouths grow wide.' patulos, proleptie use of the adjective; cp. abdita, V. 96 n. 62. novae, ' new-made.' v. 3. quo is the ablative of the relative. quo minus (=vt eo minus), 'that thereby the less.' 8. caducifer. He did not, however, carry his wand, but had laid it aside with his wings. NOTES. 35 9. Atlantiades. See II. 6 n. 10. una, domus. 13. ilia agrees with casd. See III. 9 n. 15. nee iniqua mente = et aequo, mente, * with an even tem- per.' Ablative of manner. A. & G. 248 ; G. 401 ; H. 419, III. 16. dominos famulosne requiras. See IV. 13 n. 17. dud. A. & G. 348, 7, Exc. ; G. 704, 5, Exc. 3; H. 581, II. 1. idem, nom. pi. 20. iussit, eos. 21. quo, adverb = in quod. 22. dimovit, Baucis. 27. Construe truncatque foliis olus, quod suus coniunx col- legerat. 28. truncat foliis, ' strips of leaves.' foliis, ablative of specification. See IV. 5 levat, 'takes down.' 29. suis, from sus. sordida, nigro, viz. from the smoke. terga. See I. 9 n. 30. partem, ' a rasher.' 31. domat, i.e. boils soft. 32. medias horas, while the bacon is being boiled, fallunt, ' they wile away.' 33. torum de ulva. De is sometimes used to designate the material out of which anything is made. Cp. Verg. G. III. 13, templum de marmore ponam. 34. sponda (saligna) pedibusque salignis, 'with willow frame and legs.' Descriptive ablative. See I. 3 n. 35. non nisi, 'only.' 37. lecto, dative. A. & G. 232 ; G. 353 ; H. 388. 40. postquam . . . sustulit. See III. 18 n. 41. = mentis virentlbus tersit (sc. Baucis). 36 ovid. 42. baca Minervae. The olive was sacred to Minerva, bicolor. viz. green and black. 45. non acri, i.e. do longer glowing. 47. argento, fago, ablative of material. A. & G.244, N. 1; G. 396, 2; B.415, III. 48. ' Smeared inside with yellow wax.' qua cava sunt in the bowl. flavens is here a mere adjective, illita, from illinere: in compounded with adjectives is usually negative, so dignus, indignus ; but never with verbs witll the exception <>f inrc = ' to misbeseem.' 50. Construe ei vina n<>ii longae senectae (genitive of quality) rurs'//s r< /< rii nt ii r. referuntur . . . seducta. The wine was brought on again after the second course, and only Bet aside (not taken from the table) to make room for the dessert. Mensis secundis, 'the dessert.' at which much wine was drunk; the words are here used of the third course. The poet makes the Phrygian peasants follow the order of a Roman dinner. 52. hie, i.e. in this course. 54. purpureis: the epithet is transferred to the vine from the grapes. 5f>. nee negatives both incrs and pauper: 'neither sluggish nor scanty.' 57. cratera, Greek accusative. Cp. 1 Kings xvii. 16, "And the barrel of meal wasted not, neither did the cruse of oil fail." 59. supinis, open with the palms upward, the ancient attitude of prayer. 61. nullis paratibus, ' for their lack of preparation.' 62. minimae, 'tiny.' custodia, abstract for concrete. 65. visus est, 'was seen,' passive; not, as usual, 'seemed.' 67. Join dixeruntque. 68. immunibus, dative. A. & G. 272, a, 2; G. 535, R. 2; H. 536, 2, 3. notes. • 37 69. mali, objective genitive. A. & G. 218, a; G. 373; H. 399, 1.3. 70. The active form comitare is only poetical. ardua montis, an instance of a partitive genitive depend- ent upon a neuter adjective. A. & G. 216, b; G. 371, R. 7; H. 397, N. 4. 71. simul, i.e. with us. 73. Join semel missa, ' at one flight.' 76. ea, ' this sight.' suorum, ' of their neighbours.' 77. Construe ilia vetus casa, parva etiam duobus dominis. 78. f ureas subiere, 'came into the place of the fork-like props,' which supported the gables. 79. stramina, the roof was thatched, verse 11. flavescunt is explained by the following aurata. videntur, passive. Cp. visus est, verse 65. 82. coniuge, ablative with dignus. A. & G. 245, a, 1 ; G. 373, R. 3 ; H. 421, III. 83. optetis, subjunctive in a dependent interrogative clause. A. & G. 334 ; G. 469 ; H. 529, I. 85. esse . . . poscimus. Cp. hortatur sequi, III. 31 n. 87. auferat, optative. Cp. moveant, IV. 39 n. 89. tutela, abstract for concrete, as custodia, verse 62. 90. soluti, ' weakened,' 'worn out.' 92. inciperent, ' were beginning to speak of.' Philemona, Greek accusative, as Baucida, verse 93. 95. mutua reddebant, ' exchanged.' 96. abdita, proleptic or anticipative use of the adjective, 'covered and concealed.' Cp. Verg. Aen. III. 237, scuta latentia condunt, 'they hide their shields in ambush,' and Tennyson's line, " And strikes him dead for thine and thee." 97. Tyana was really in Cappadocia, not Phrygia (verse 4). 98. ' that had grown from the two bodies.' 38 Ovid. 99. neque erat cur, ' and there was no reason why.' vellent, subjunctive in a relative clause denoting charac- teristic A~& (;.;;_'<); G. 634; H.503, I.N. "J. 100. pendentia, from p< ndere, not i>< n 101. recentia, $erta, 102. Cp. 1 Samuel ii. 30, 'For them that lionour me I will honour. 1 The story of Philemon and Baocia may remind the reader of the Acts <>f the Apostles \i\. LI, 12: 'And when the people saw what Paul had done, they lifted up their voices, Baying in the Bpeech of Lycaonia, The gods are come down to as in the likeness of men. And they culled liarnabas. .Jupiter ; ami Paul, Mercnrius. because he was the chief speaker.' The Delphiu editor saw another Biblical parallel in the story of Lot, Genesis six. An English version of the story is given in Hawthorne's Wander Book, under the title, 'The Miraculous Pitcher.' VI. 1. quamvis . . . erat. In poetry and in late prose quamvU often takes the indicative. A. & G. 313, g\ G. 608, K. 1 ; H. 515, N. :•>. 2. harenis, causal ablative. See IV. 3 n. 5. ' Wreathed with garlands,' i.e. decked for drinking. 7. The rhythm Cecropi \o Eu\ molpo is imitated from the Greek. Cp. Verg. Eel. II. 24, in Actaeo Aracyntho. " Orpheus, like other early bards, is called Thracian. This means that he was connected with the worship of the Muses, goddesses who preside over poetry. Their worship was imparted by a people called Thracians to the Greeks in Pieria, a district on the N. E. border of Thessaly, whence it spread southward. . . . The mystic worship of Demeter at Eleusis in Attica was said to have been founded by the ' Thracian ' Eumolpus (' the good chanter ')." — Jebb, Primer of Greek Literature, p. 18. 8. simul = simul ac. sacrorum, Bacchi. NOTES. 39 9. adventu, causal ablative. 10. iunctas (sc. diebus) ordine (lit. 'in a row ') = ' con- secutive.' 11. agmen cogere, a military technical term, ' to bring up the rear.' Lucifer, as the morning star, is the last to disappear. Cp. Ov. M. II. 114, Diffugiunt stellae, quarum agmina cogit Lucifer, et cceli statione novissimus exit. 13. iuveni, adjective, alumno, i.e. Bacchus. 15. altore recepto. Translate the participle by a verbal noun. A. & G. 292, a; G. 324, R. 3; H. 549, N. 2. For the case of altore see III. 39 n. 16. usurus, ' fated to use ' ; so nocitura, verse 18. 17. vertatur, for ut vertatur. A. & G. 331, /, R. ; G. 546, R. 3 ; H. 499, 2. 18. solvit, ' pays ' ; for his promise made him a debtor. 19. petisset, subjunctive of 'virtual oratio obliqua.' A. & G. 321 ; G. 541; H. 516, II. For the contracted form see I. 23 n. 20. Berecyntius heros, Midas. The mountain Berecyntns was sacred to Cybele, the mother of Midas. 21. ' He tests the fulfilment of the promise.' 22. Construe ilice non alt a detraxit virgam fronde virentem. 26. massa, ' a mass of gold.' Ceres is often used for ' corn ' as Bacchus for ' wine.' Cp. verses 35, 39. 28. The Hesperides watched a garden with golden apples. putes: see note on putes, III. 9, and on potuissent , IV. 41. 29. videntur, passive, as at V. 79. 31. palmis, ' from his hands.' Danae, daughter of Acrisius, and mother of Perseus by Zeus, who visited her in the form of a shower of gold, when she was shut up in a tower by her father. < posset. Cp. note on potuissent, TV. 41. 40 ovid. 34. frogis, genitive depending upon eyentes. A. & G. 243, /; G. 389, R.2; II. 410, V. 1. 35. sive . . . sive, k if ... or if.' Cerealia munera, i.e. the bread. •"»7. parabat, ' tried. 1 38. admoto dente. ablative absolute. ' A layer of ruddy gold spread over the least, as his teeth fastened on it.' 39. auctorem muneris Bacchum - vinum, A Car-fetched and exaggerated expression. 40. videres, ' you might have seen ' : ' you ' = ' any one.' A. & G. 311, a, N. 2; GL252; B.485, N. 1. Cp. putes, ver* 44. meritus, with adverbial force. A. & (i. 191 ; G. 324, K. »i; II. 44:;. ab auro. The aurum is poetically regarded ai a personal agent, hence the preposition. 45. Cp. cireuniliitu auro, verse 60. 48. mite, est. deum, genitive plural. A. & G. K),< ; G. 29,R.3; H.52, 3. 49. 'Grave him back his former estate, and as proof of what he had done cancelled the boon he had granted. 1 Facti /Idem is loosely placed in apposition with data munera solvit. Midas felt sure that he was his old self when he lost his power of turning objects into gold. 53. donee venias. A. & G. 328 ; G. 574 ; H. 519, II. 2. 54. plurimus, l in full stream.' 55. corpus, to be taken with elue, as the repeated sirnul shows. 56. vis aurea, ' the power of producing gold.' 58. ' Xow the fields also, having received the seed of the long- established vein (of gold), are stiff and pale with gold-steeped clods.' 60. colebat applies to silvas et rura in one sense (' haunted ' ), to Pana in another (' worshipped '). This usage is called Zeug- ma. A familiar example is Pope's " See Pan with flocks, with fruits Pomona crowned." NOTES, 41 63. domino, its lord, praecordia mentis = mens. 64. prospiciens, ' looking out upon/ 66. Sardes was situated to the north of Mount Tmolus, Hypaepa to the south. 68. harundine, ablative of the instrument. A. &. G. 248; G. 403; H.420. cerata. The shepherd's pipe was made of reeds of different lengths, joined together with wax. 69. prae se = prae suis. 70. sub, ' before.' Tmolus is here the god of the mountain. The contest was ill-matched because Apollo was the god of music. 71. The god's head has the woods with which the mountain was covered. quercu, ' with oak-foliage.' 74. deum pecoris. Cp. Verg. G. 1. 17, Pan ovium custos. 78. As he turned his face, the woods on his head turned also. 79. caput, accusative of the part specified. See note on corpora, I. 24. 82. a laeva, ' on his left side.' The Latin and English idioms look at the act from different points. A. & G. 260, b ; G. 388, R. 2; H. 434, I. 1. 83. * It was the very pose of an artist.' 85. submittere, ' rank below.' 86. Construe iudicium sententiaque sancti montis. 90. trahit in spatium, ' draws them out lengthwise.' 91. imas, ' at their roots.' Cp. IV. 24 n. posse, object of dat, a frequent construction in poetry. Prose usage would require ut with the subjunctive. A. & G. 331, g ; G. 424, R. 4; H. 535, IV. 93. aures, accusative with a passive verb of reflexive mean- ing. A. & G. 240, c, N.; G. 332, R. 2 ; H. 377. 97. cum . . . auderet. A. & G. 326 ; G. 587 ; H. 517. 4'2 OVID. 98. cupiens. Op. perows, III. 1 ?i. 100. aspexerit. Cp. optetis, V. 83 n. 101. haustae effosacH . ]<>.">. pleno anno, ablative absolute, i.e. when a year had past. 106. agricolam. The king's barber is called a ' husbandman ■ because be planted his Becrel in the ground. With the first 59 Lines <>!' this extract, compare the story of 'The Golden Touch" in Hawthorne's Wonder U'n>k. VII. 1. patriam, Phoenicia. iram. Agenor had threatened him with banishment if he did not find his Bister Europa. 2. Agenorides, Cadmus. Phoebi oracula, at Delphi, in Phocis. 3. sit. ep. <>i>t< tis, V. 83 //. 4. SOlIS. from snhis. <;. hac duce. ablative absolute. herba, poetic for in /<> rb<>, is brought into the relative clause. 7. moenia. 'a walled town.' fac condas, cp. effice . . . vertatur, VI. 17 //. Boeotia, 'call it Boeotian. 1 There was another Thebes in Egypt. [The name Boeotia was supposed to be derived from /SoO? (=L. bos)]. 8. Castalio. The cave in Mount Parnasus which was the seat of the Delphic oracle is here called ' Castalian ' from the neigh- bouring fount of that name, sacred to Apollo and the Muses. antro, ' from the cave.' 11. subsequitur, ' follows close.' presso gressu, 'with slow step.' Cp. Livy, XXVIII. 14, Hispanos . . . presso gradu incedere iubet. 13. evaserat, ' had passed ' ; cp. Verg. Aen. II. 730, omnem NOTES. 43 videbar evasisse viam, ' I thought I had safely passed the whole of the way.' 16. comites, Cadmus and his companions. 18. terrae, locative. 21. libandas, 'to be drawn.' A. & G. 294, d; G. 431; H. 544, 2, N. 2. 26. cristis et auro = cristis aureis, 'with golden crest.' Cp. Verg. G. II. l§2,pateris libamus et auro, ' we make libation from golden cups.' This figure of speech is called hendiadys. A. & G. 385 ; G. 695 ; H. 636, III. 2. 29. Join quern lucum, ' this grove.' proficiscor is used in poetry to express descent. Cp. Verg. Aen. VIII. 51, genus a Pallante profectum. 30. demissa urna. Cp. altore recepto, VI. 15 n. 33. Sanguis relinquit corpus, they were pale with fear. 36. Sinuatur, with reflexive meaning, ' curves himself.' 37. media plus parte, 'more than half his body.' For the omission of quam, see A. & G. 247, c; G. 311, R. 4; H. 417, N. 2. parte is ablative of specification ; cp. aevo, IV. 5 n. 38. despicit, cp. respiciens, verse 16, and prospiciens, VI. 64. Construe tanto est corpore (abl. of quality) quanto (est ille serpens) qui separat, etc., ' as huge of frame as is the Serpent which (in the northern heavens) separates the two Bears ' (i.e. the Great from the Little Bear) . 39. totum, ' his whole body,' adj. 40. nee mora, est, 'without delay.' Phoenlcas, Greek accusative. 43. afliati veneni, ' of his poisoned breath.' 44. Exiguas, complement. Cp. Verg. Eel. I. 83, maioresque cadunt cdtis de montibus umbrae, and II. 67, et sol crescentes decedens duplicat umbras. altissimus, ' at his highest.' Cp. Verg. Eel. III. 57, nunc foi*- mosissimus annus, ' now is the year at its loveliest.' 45. Sit, cp. optetis, V. 83 n. Agenore natus, cp. II. 6 n. 44 ovid. 47. telum, ' his weapons. 1 The singular, in a collective sense, is Sometimes used for the plural, as lost is, ' the enemy ' : 1 the soldiery.' ferro. cp. capUlis, I. •"'> a. 60. supra, adverb, corporis, cp. oris, I. 14 a. 82. mortis, objective genitive; cp. /'"■/', III. 2 a. 54. magnum magno. Latin can, by the freedom of its order, place together words whose resemblance or contrast adds to the effect of the sentence Cp. Cic Lael. 1.5, ad senem senectute scripsi. 66. illius, molarU. Join ardua rnoenia cum turribut <■> ' 66. mota forent. 'might have been shaken.' See potuist IV. 41 a. 68. reppulit. cp. rettvli, for ret(e)Udi, I\'. 14 a. <;4. partem in omnem, ' in every direction.' 66. ossibus, dative. A. & G. 227, e, 3; G. 346, E. 2; JI 4,4). n'7. guttura. plnral for singular; cp. ora, 1.9 a. <;:>. Join halitusque qui; halitus is drawn into the relative clause. Cp. hi rba, verse 6 a. 70. vitiatas. 'poisons the tainted air,' a proleptic epithet. Cp. abdita, V. 96 a. 71. mocio . . . inU rdum . . . nunc, ' now . . . now . . . now.' 7l\ cingitur, with reflexive meaning. Construe cingitur spirit faci{ ntibus imrm nsum orb( 75. spolio leonis, cp. direpta leonis pellis, verse 46\ 77. praetenta. Translate by a verbal noun ; cp. recepto, VI. 15 n. ille, serpens. 78. ferro, dative. 81. se retrahebat, ' retreated.' 82. dabat retro, 'drew back.' sedere . . . arcebat. a construction found in poetry and in XOTES. 45 post-Augustan prose. A. &. G. 331, c, 2: G. 548. R. 1: H. 505. H. 2. longius ire (plagam), ' to go very deep.' ire sinebat. A. & G. 331. e : G. 124, R. 3 : H. 535, II. 84. in gutture, withpressit. 85. dum. ' until.' eunti. serpentL S6. robore and robora, verse 88, ' rbe trunk' oi the oak. 88. Construe gemuit (arbor) sua robora flagellar} parte imae caud S9. victor victi. See verse 51 n. 92. serpens. ' as a serpent.' Cadmus and his wife Harmonia were in their old age changed to serpents. 96. terrae. dative: Dp, umeris, III. 25 n. motae. here= aratae. Translate by the infinitive: cp. occult at abactas, II. 1 n. 97. * whence a people yet to come should grow.' 98. presso. in terram. 99. mortalia. ' of men.' 100. fide mains.. : a thing beyond belief.' in apposition to :/ : '•: rru oeri. coepere : the prose form would be eoeptae sunt. A. & G. 113. a : G. 124. R. 1 : H. 297. I. 1. 106. ne cape, a poetic use. A. & G. 269 : G. 263 ; H. 4SS. 107. nee is sometimes used in poetry for neve, neu. civilibns. "fraternal." bellis. dative: cp. umeris, III. 25 n. 109. ferit, i.e. unus. verse 106. Join ense rigido unum de f ratr (bus u ferit. 110. leto dederat. iUum. 'had slain him.' longius. here used of time. illo. cp. I 'a cert a, I. 21 n. 112. Exemplo pari, 'in like manner.' OVID. 113. Mars for pvgna, as ( '< r< 8 ' corn ' ; cp. VI. iii' slaves '). 1 15. matrem, their mother earth. 116. quinque superstitibus, ablative absolute. 117. humo, '