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THE

SEMI-CENTENNIAL
SOUVENIR

AND

CHRONOLOGICAL
HISTORY

ROCHESTER.

•^1g6g?> '^)SS^.'^

Mi-i^r fB:r\r\^r^ 1

HE liRY iiOODS

A writer who recently visited the places of interest
in Rochester stated that in his opinion the Dry Goods
Ho-Qse of SIBL.EY, I.INDSAY & CURR held the same
relation to other Dry Goods Houses in this city as Powers'
Art Gallery did to other art galleries. While this opinion
may not he exactly correct, it is true that no one gets a
correct idea of the dry goods business of Rochester until
he has looked through the five stories and basements of
this house-
Messrs. SIBLEY, LIHDSAY & CURR commenced
business in Rochester in March, 1868, and have since
gradually increased their business both at wholesale and
retail. They have had the largest retail business in
Rochester since 1876, and the largest importing and
jobbing business since 1881. In December, 1880, Messrs.
Sibley & Lindsay purchased the property known as the
Osborn House, corner Main, St Paul and Division streets,
and in 1883 connected a portion of the building with
their Main street stores, making one of the largest and
finest houses for the dry goods business in the United
States.

THE

SEMI-CENTENNIAL

SOUVEN I R

An Account of the Great Celebration,

JUNE 9th and IOth,

1884.

' TOGETHER WITH A

CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY

OF ROCHESTER, N. Y.
BY

WILLIAM MILL BUTLER, and GEORGE S. CRITTENDEN,

mjo ^

ROCHESTER, N. Y. :

POST-EXPRESS PRINTING COMPANY.

1884.

\3-^

c
a

THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL SOUVENIR.

By Way of lutroduction.

The aim of the editors of this little work is
not only to present, in convenient chronologi-
cal form, a history of Rochester from the ear-
liest times to the present day, but to perpetuate
a full and faithful account of the semi-centen-
nial celebration, the details of which are neces-
sarily excluded from the elaborate new his-
tories of the city. It may not be amiss to state
here that the subject of a proper observance of
the fiftieth anniversary of the Flower City's
birth was first suggested by D. M. Dewey to
Edward Angevine, a veteran journalist on the
Post- Express staff, and Mr. Angevine ac-
coi'dingly began the agitation in the columns
of the paper ou the isth day of June, 1SS3, his
article containing, besides a large amount of
historical matter pertinent to the occasion, the'
following suggestions: " There is no good rea-
son, it seems to the Post- Express, whj' this
semi- centennial birthday of the Flower City
should not be apjiropriately celebrated by her
sons and daughters. It is now none too early to
begin to make arrangements, for there is much
to be done in the way of preparation for the
event. Nothing should be done half-heart-
edly; no effort should be spared to make the
occasion the grandest yet observed in the beau-
tiful city, which has so rapidly and solidly
grown up around the Falls of the (ienesee.
The City of Rochester celebrated the municipal
incorporation of the youthful town with the
firing of cannon and the ringing of the City
Hall bell afterwards for many years hanging
in the cupola of the Court House, and the peo-
ple made merry over the birth of the city. And
now that Rochester has lived for half a century
let there be another celebration, when the ol'd
bell shall again ring out; again let cannon
voice the people's joy and thanks; let there be
speech -makiug.and processions, and fire- works;
let us eat, di-ink and be merry, for Rochester
has now become one of the most important
provincial cities of our land. Let the citizens
of 18:54 living with us now — there are very few
of them to be sure — be given the pxominent
places in the celebration, if they be spared until
that time, and let them be honored, for they
have been the witnesses of the growth of Ro-
chester from a citj' of twelve thousand inhab-
itants to the fourth nnmcipality of the Empire
ytate. Everyone should join in tliis move-
ment; the aged citizen wlio helped to clear the
fields where now stand stately edifices and
where ai'e located broad streets; the child, who
may live to witness Rochester's centennial cele-
biation; the business man and the capitalist,
the banker and the laborer, all should join iii
the effort to make next year memorable in the

history of Rochester. Hon. Cornelius R. Par-
sons and the Aldermen who compose the Com-
mon Council should at once take the initiative
in this matter. Let them invite aid and coun-
sel, resting assured that they have the approval
of all the people. "

The Post-Express of the .same day contain-
ed an editorial advocating the proper celebra-
tion of the anniversary and urging that a meet-
ing of the citizens be called without delay and
the preliminary steps taken.

The idea of a semi-centennial celebration
must have occurred to several minds at about
the same time, for on June 10th, the next
(special) meeting of the Common Council, the
President, M. Barron, in the chair, the follow-
ing communication from the Mayor (dated June
IGth) was presented :

Mayor's Office, I

ROCHE.STER, N. Y.. June 16, 1883. ("
To the Members of the Common Council of the City

of Bochester.

(jEntlemen: On the 28th day of April, 18.34, the
legislature of this state passed an act incorporating
the city of Rochester, and the same provided that
on the first Monday of June following, certain city
officers should he elected. The board of trustees of
the village, at a meeting convened on the 20th day
of May, in that year, adopted the following:

" Resolved, That notice be given of the city elec-
tion for the first Monday of June next; tliat the
election be held at the places in the several wards
hereinafter designated, and that the persons here-
inafter named be inspectors of elections for the
said wards^ respectively."

It may l)e of interest for me to state that the
polling places were fixed as follows:

First ward— Mansion House.

Second ward— Allen's Inn, corner Brown and
State streets.

Third ward — Rochester house.

Fourth ward— Genesee house, corner St. Paul and
Court streets.

Fifth ward — Blossom's tavern.

On the 3d day of Jime, 18;i4, the board of trustees
again assembled and the following action was
tiiken :

The clerk produced the statements of election.
The trustees proceeded to examine and calculate
the same, and therefore made and signed a state-
ment of the result of the said election held in the
city of Rochester, certifying who were elected to
the several offices of the said city. It was also
ordered that the statements be filed with the
county clerk; that he record the same, and that
they be also published in tlie two daily papers of
the city. The board then adjourned, sine die."

The act of inc:orporation furtlier provided, that
the board of aldermen should meet at the court
house at 12 o'clock m. on the Mh day of June, of
that year, for the purpose of electing a Blayor and
a Clerk of tlie city. This was complied with. Nine
of the ten nieiubei"s were present. Johnathan Cliild
was elected Mayor, and John C. Nash, Clerk. Aid.
Brooks presented the following resolution, which
was adopted :

Resolved, That Jonathan Child, having received
eight of the nine votes given by the members of the
common eoimcil present, is duly elected to the of&ce
of Mayor of the city of Rochester, and that Aids.
Backus and Kempshall be a committee to wait upon
him and notify him of his election. The committee
appointed to wait upon the Mayor elect having re-
turned, reported that he accepted said office."

My object in calling your attention to the date of
the city's incorporation, and the subsequent action
of the village trustees and the newly elected alder-
men, is to direct it to the fact that our first semi-
centennial anniversary is rapidly api:)roaching, and
that the people of Rochester sliould join with its
officials in a proper observance of the interesting
event; and while the same is nearly a year hence, it
is none too early to begin to consider what might
appropriately be done to make the day a memor-
able one in the liistory of Rochester. I therefore
suggest that a committee of your honorable board
and a committee of citizens (both forming a joint
committee) be appointed, to take the matter into
consideration and in due time make its report.

CORNELIUS R. PARSONS,

Mayor.

The comunication was ordered received, filed
and published and the following resolution of-
fered by Alderman Hinds, was adoi)ted :

Resolved, That the president of the board be, and
he is hereV)y requested to appoint a committee of
five meml)ers of the common coimcil and six citi-
zens of Rochester to consider the propriety of cele-
brating the semi-centennial anniversary of the city
of Rochester, said committee to report its conclu-
sions to this board at its earliest convenience.

The committee as finally announced by the
President vs^as: Aldermen Hinds, Watson,
Strouss, Rice, Southard and Barron and Hon.
C. R. Parsons, Patrick Barry, D. W. Powers,
Gilman H. Perkins, H. H. Warner, William
Purcell, and Charles E. Fitch. At the regular
meeting on Tuesday evening, June SGth, on
motion of Alerman Pelsinger fourteen addi-
tional names were added to the committee, as
follows: John H. Rochester, Col. H. S. Green-
leaf, D. T. Hunt, S. H. Lowe, Frederick Cook,
Mathias Kondolf, George A. Benton, Josej^h
W. Rosenthal, Charles S. Baker, James E.
Booth, James O. Howard, Henry S. Hebard,
David Healy and H. Austin Brewster.

At the first meeting of the general commit-
tee, Oct. 2(5. 18H3, Mayor Parsons was elected
chairman and Major Benton secretary, and the
following sub-committee ai)pointed " to re-
port a plan of the proper manner and
means of the celebration:" Mayor Parsons,
Aldermen Barron, Rice and Watson, and
Messrs. Fitch, Perkins, Cook, Rosenthal
and Benton. This conunittee at the next
meeting, Dec. 7, 18s:!, rejjorted the plan
substantially as subsecjuently carried out. A
discussion was caused by a proposition to raise
by taxation |1(J,000 to defray the (>xpenses of
the celebration. A motion to raise the funds
by subscription was carried by a vote of 11 to
8. At the same meeting Mcssi's. Lowe, Barron,
Perkins, VV^ainer, Hebard, Brew.ster and Kon-
dolf, with Mayor Parsons added as cliairnian,
were ajjpointed a committee on Ways anil
Means, and Pati-ick Barry was elected treasurer
of the general committee. At the third meet-
ing of the latter committee, the following com-
mittees were announced:

On Invitation and Printing— Messrs. Lowe, Powers,
Cook, llel)iird and ]5i-ewster.

On ReiHiption and Kntertainmout — Messrs. Bar-
ron, Booth, Hunt, Fitch and Hinds.

On Procession— Messrs. Warner, Rosenthal, Kon-
dolf, Purcell and (Jreenleaf.

On Fireworks and Illmiiination— Messrs. Watson,
Rice, Strouss, Howard and Healy.

On Literary Exercises— Blessrs. Rochester, Barry,
Perkins, Baker and Southard.

The chairman and secretary of the general
committee were added to each of the sub-
committees, and the committee on reception
and entertainment subsequently added to its
members the following named gentlemen: Ja-
cob Howe, jr. , H. H. Pryor, Alfred Ely, A. K.
Howe, H. Michaels, Abram Htern, Judge J. S.
Morgan, J. W. Martin, W. Duffy, C. S. Ellis,
J. A. Felsinger, W. C. Barry, Wm. F. Kohl-
metz, Wm. Aikenhead, H. F. Huntington, John
Fahy.

The following named gentlemen were added
to the committee on Ways and Means : Messrs.
Hunt, Rochester, Fitch and Rosenthal. Sub-
sci-iptions amounting to .$4,000 were reported.
Additional subscriptions amounting to .$3,640
were reported at the meeting of April 25th, and
among the i-eports of the sub-conmiittees made
at the next meeting. May 11), that of the
procession committee, stated that Colonel
John A. Reynolds had been selected as grand
marshal of the procession, with power to ap-
point assi.stant marshals and aids. Majoi-
Benton was given charge of the music and dis-
play of bands. Additional subscriptions
amounting to $.5(50 were reported, making the
amount reported to date $7,200. To this sum
$:300 was subsequently added. The fuaal meet-
ing of the committee was held June 6th.

Rochester's Seini-Ceiiteiinial
Celebration.

The hour of 12 o'clock noon of Monday, June
9th, 1884, was ushered in with a terrible clangor
on the City Hall fire-bell. Its brazen mouth, at
each stroke of the hammer, sent forth the hoarse
ly exultant announcement,— the semi-centennial
celebration of Rochester is at hand. In a
few seconds the fog-horn on Kimball's factoiy
lent its deep bass voice to the din, the ai-tillery*
on Court Street bridge began its still deeper up-
roar to the occasion, and then all the bells and
whistles in the city took up the hue and ciy,
and until four minutes past on(» o'clock pande-
monium reigned. Mingled witli the harsher
.soimds, were the sweet chimes of St. Peter's
Presbyterian church, u])on which the following
programme was rendered :

*( )\viug to the disbandment of all tlie militia e.v-
cept the eighth separate company, Rochester had
no artillery of her own to use in the celebration,
unless it were the old army relic in posses-
sion of Reynolds' Battery. Mayor Parsons had
tlierefore secured two brass Napoleon 12-pounders
from the state arsenal in New York city for the occa-
sion. One of these in charge of a sipiad of veteran
art.illci-y officers, headed by Col. Joseph Erbelding,
provided the salute of twenty -five rounds from the
Court street In'idge, at noon and night on Monday,
and in the morning, at noon and at night on Tuos-
(lay ; the other in charge of Battery I.,, First New
York Light Artillery, Col. (iilbert H. Reynolds com-
manding, gave a series of similar salutes at Falls
Field.

1— Rochester Semi-Centennial March (new)

E. H. Sherwood

2— Our Fl.i},' is There

3— Hail Coluinbia —

4 — IndepeudMice Day

" Oh, freedom now through blood and strife,"
5— The FluK of the Fi-ee

" Beautiful streamer now dear to me."
6— We Love the Heroes of Our Land

" Brave hearts that conquered though they
died."

7 — Russian National Hymn

S— America

"My country 'tis of thee," etc.

9— Marchin}^ Soufj

10 — God bless our Native Land

" Blessed is the Nation where God is the Lord."

The proclamation of the Mayor,* issued some
time previously, calling: upon the citizens to
heartily participate in the festivities was hardly
needed to kindle the enthusiasm of the people,
for at the hour above mentioned, despite the
threatening a-spect of the sky and the patter of
big drops of rain on the walks, the scene every-
where was an animated one. Tliousands had
come in from the country on the morning
tains to see the sights. The city was decked out
in extra holiday attire. The prominent
buildings wei-e almost covered with flags
and bunting, and the stores, workshops and

* It was as follows:

Mayor's Office, {

KOCHE.STEE, May 28, 1884. )
To /he Citizem of BoehcHcr :

The committee in cli.-irge of the semi-centennial
celebration 1)1' iiur city has adopted a progranune
extending fi-om noon, June itth, to and including
the evening of .June loth. It has been appropri-
ately determined tliat this slutll be a celebration of
the city by lier people, and I trust that every citizen
will actively participate in tlie festivities (iftheocca-
si(in. Tliere are those ajiiong us who remember
tlie handet of Rochester, and who liave seen a
great and pi-osjierous t;ity grow up around them,
and Hour and lie iwers have extended her name and
fame everywliei'(^ Thoiisands of wilUug han<ls and
millions of capital are constantly employed. Edu-
cation and the arts have not been neglected, and
here are our homes and firesides. Our children
will cai'ry forward the municipal inheritance we
leave tliem, and some will fifty years hence join in
the celebration of tlie centennial.

Truly we have cause for gratitude. I therefore
respeciriilly I'econunend that our eilizens on Sun-
day, .June 8. 1S81, at their several i)I;ices of i)ul)lic
worship, and in such manner as the resjiective
pastors shall deem appi-opriate, unite in thanks-
giving to (iod for his abiding goodness to oiu' fair
city, and upon the following I\Ionday and Tuesday,
(June 9th and lOlh,) heartily join in the celebration
of our connnon home. Every interest (manufactur-
ing, business and labor,) can make such a display
in the procession as will siu'prise even those who
deem themselves cognizant of their magnitude. All
organizations of the city are actively jjreparing to
parade. Let every factory, store and dwelling be
decorated, and on the evening of the 10th illumi-
nated.

Let us vie with each other in making the celebra-
tion so successful in all its features that it sliall be
excelled only when the centennial of the city of
Rochester shall Vie conuuemorated.

CORNELIUS R. PARSONS, Mayor.

In accordance with one of the suggestions, Sun-
day services were held as follows: At the Brick
Chiu-eh, Rev. Dr. Shaw preached from Zachariah
viii, 4 and •'>. in the morning, and gave a descrip-
tion of Rochester as imagined by him in lit84. Then
people will have learned to respect the laws of
health; the city's debt will have been paid, the

private residences were generally decorated.
The merchants of the East Side had erected a
handsome evergreen arch across Main street
near St. Paul. Many of the merchants had se-
cured as special attractions for their show win-
dows historical relics of various kinds.* It was
announced that the general committee of ar-
rangements had succeeded in collecting fully
$8,000 from patriotic citizens to defray the ex-
penses of the two days' municipal merrymak-
ing.

officials will be honest and taxes low; there will
be less attention given by newspapers to jirize
fights, cocking mains and dog fights, and there will
be no buying or selling of votes. At the J'Mrst
Presbyterian Church, in the morning, Rt^v. Dr.
Tryon Edwards rei)eated the sermon which he had
delivered fifty years ago, when he was installed as a
pastor. In the evening Rev. F. DeW. Wai'd, of
Geneseo, gave the sanu- sermon he had preached
in the First church upon the dav of his ordination,
.June 8, 18:W. At St. Luke's! Rev. Dr. Anstice
preache<] upon the develoj)ment of tin; churches in
Rochester during the past fifty years. At St. Maiy's
Catholic tUiurch, Rev. Fatlier Stewart gave the
history of the pai'ish which was founded in the
same year the city was incorpt)rated. At St. Petei-'s
Rev. Dr. Riggs in the morning spoke of " the secret
of a city's real fyrosperity," and semi-centennial
sermons were also preached by Rev. Dr. Saxe at
the First Universalist Church, Rev. Mr. Fisher at
the Second Universalist Chureli, and Rev. Myron
Adams at Plymouth Church; Rev. Dr. Landsberg
had on the day previous delivered an address on
the semi-centennial at Heiith Kodesh Temple. On
Monday and Tuesday mornings special thanksgiv-
ing nia.ss in commemoration of the semi-centennial
was .celebrated at St. Patrick's Cathedral.

*A notable exhibition of this kind was contained
in the window of a firm at No. 22 East Main
street (in the Arcade building). It consisted of the
following: The desk used by Abelard Reynolds
as the first depository of mail matter received
in 1813, when it occupied the identical spot where it
was placed in the window; the original tin ])aper
cutter and sand box used by Mr. Reynolds: many
of his old post-oftlee documeid-s, dating from ISI.J
to 1827; a piece of the fii'st plank house erecteil by
Abelard Reynold in 1812; a branch from a tree that
stood on the four corners in 1812; the vertebra of a
rattlesnake taken from a ledge of rock, corner of
Exchange and Main streets, in isi2; the antler of a
deer killed on the same s))ot in lsi2; a spinning jenny,
brought to Rochestei- in 1,S17; a fire bucket used by
.J. C. Beebe, in 1825; a])ictui-e of the Genesee Falls,
painted by G. W. Robinson, in 18:W; an oil portrait
of Jonathan Child, the first Mayor, painted from
life, in 18.5;i; views of the great Hood of 180."); a
drawing of the house built by Enos Stone in 18)0:
flowers taken from the grave of Sam Patch, at
Charlotte; an engraving of the Gene^see Falls in
18;J4; a life size portrait of Mayor Parsons ; a picture
of Alida Mabee Griffin, who came to the town of
Boyle (now called Pittsfordt, in ITHS; a picture of
Mrs. Huldah (jriffin i''o.ster, l)orn in Pittsford, 1803;
a picture of Jonathan lAister, who came to Roches-
ter in 1825; and a skidl supposed to be the remains
of a mound-builder, found in the mounds at Brew-
er's landing.

The Literary Exercises.

While the vast throng of people was waiting
for the literary exercises to begin in the City
Hall, the Fifth-fourth Regiment Baud gave an
open air concert to the delight of all, rendering
the following programme :

Rochester Semi-Centennial March.. E. H. Sherwood

Selections from Beggar Student Millocker

National Potpourri Heinecke

My Queen Waltz Bucalossi

Grand March Coni-ada

The 3,000 free tickets issued for the admission
of the public to the literary exercises were all
taken within a few hours after they were offer-
ed, those applying first being served first. When
2 o'clock, the hour for the commencement of
the exercises, had ari'ived, the vast hall was
crowded almost to suffocation and hundreds
who did not have tickets had to be turned
away.* The interior of the hall had been dec-
orated in a most gorgeous manner, under the
supervision of James Field. In the rear of the
stage was a large shield, upon wliich rested
the golden figure of an American eagle. The
national colors and flags of all nations abound-
ed everywhere. The officers who had been se-
lected for the occasion were :

President— Hon. Cornelius R. Parsons.

Vice-Presidents— Ex-Mayors C. J. Hayden, John
Lutes, N. C. Bradstreet, George G. Clarkson, D.
Clarkson, D. D. T. Moore, G. W. Briggs, Michael

Filou, Henry L. Fish, N. E. Paine, and James
Brackett; Messrs. James S. Stone and M. F. Rey-
nolds and the following old citizens, most of whom
voted at the election in 1H84:

AUing, David C. Hatch, J. W.

Ailing, Stephen Y. Husbands, J. D.

Ailing, William Himtington, Elon

AlUng, Lewis H. Hull, J. O.

Ailing, John Judson, Junius

Andrews, Julius T. Jones, James

Arnold, George Kirley, Phihp

Andrews, Adna G. Leavenworth, Gideon

Anderson, Jacob Leonard, Frank

Arnold, W. E. Loomis, Isaac

Baker, Benjamin M. Leap, Benjamin

Bacon, William B. Lear, Isaac

Bartholick. Dr. H. A. Moore, William H.

Bell, Jacob D. Moses, Schuyler

Beamish, Sanniel Moulson, Sanmel

Bradshaw, (ieorge McKibben. John

BuckJand, A. B. McFarlin, Benjam

Bi-yan, Elisha W. Madden, Garrett A.

Bush, John P. Newell, A. C.

Brewster, Edward O'Reily, Henry

Boardman, Silas Osburn, Nehemiah

Boorman, Robert M. Perrin, Darius

Burleigh, George W. Patterson, Thomas J.

Chapin, Louis Pone, Joseph

Carter, Giles Quinn, John

Church, Sidney Rochester, H. E.

Chapman, Timothy Riley, General A. W.

Cochrane, Joseph Robertson, B. P.

Cram, Ambrose Southwick, J. M.

Clague, Daniel Stone, Eben H.

Comens, Carlos Sage. Nelson

Davis, Hiram Stone, Joseph

Densmore, R. Strong, Alvah

Dart, John Seward, Jason W.

Dicke.y, Rev. David Stevens, Jolm C.

Evans, Evan Shields, Robert

Fisher, George W. Sherman, H. B.

Fenn, H. C. Smith, Carlos

Gould, George Stone, James S.

Grover, Elihu H. St. John, C. M.

Goi-ton,John Tal mage, .Joseph A.

Haight, Isaac Thomas, William H.

Hanford, William I. Tracy, Jeremiah

Howard, Elijah Winslow, J M.

Howe, Jacob Ward, H. M.

Howell, Richard Warner, Matthew G.

Harris, Orrin Wimble, George

Haines, Isaac T. Walker, Albert

Gihnan, James Wegman, John

Grave s, John W. Witherspoon, Samuel F.

*The ushers for the occasion were: C. J. Robin-
son, C. E. Crouch, C. E. Sunderlin, F. W. Vedder,
G. H. Smith, R. W. Bemish, B. G. Saunders, and W.
G. Shelp, members of the Rochester Cadets.

Secretaries— Fred. A.Whittlesey, Charles T. Smith,
Charles A. Hayden, Jonathan H. Childs. Charles C.
Morse, A. Erickson Perkins, J. Sherlock Andrews,
E. J. Woodbury, W. D. Ellwanger, W. J. Sheridan,
Levi F. Ward, H. C. Brewster, Hobert F. Atkinson,
Solomon Wile, Henry P. Danforth, George H. Per-
kins.

There were also on the stage as guests Mayor
8etli Low, of Brooklyn, and Mayor W. B.
Smith, of Philadelphia. Mayor Parsons, as
President of the day, opened the proceedings
with the following address:

MAYOR PARSONS' ADDRESS.

•

Fellow-citizens— The event that calls us together
to-day is one truly memorable. Never again in the
life history of most of us, so far as our own city is
concerned, will a similai- occiirrence present itself.
A half century hence— long after our children shall
have assumed the mimicipal inheritance we leave
them, those who are active participants or quiet
listeners to-day will have gone the way of all men —
gone to join the innumerable throng. But this is
not the time for sad reflection. Neither do we as-
semble in a spirit of triiunph or exultation.

We have reason to rejoice, however, and have
called in our friends to rejoice with us.

Fifty years in the life of a municipality, as in the
life of an individual, marks an important era. With
u.s wonderful changes have been wrought. The
mighty forests have disappeared and the earth has
yielded its increase. But to the historian .you must
look and listen for the tale of a half century ago,
and as to what the future is to bring doubtless the
orator and poet will most fittingly predict and pic-
ture. That an approving Providence may contiinie
to smile upon us as we devotedly hope and believe,
and when to other hands is committed tlie trust and
cares of the present and by them cheerfully borne
and in due time surrendered, may it be said of us —
they did wisely and well, and faithfully and con-
scientiously performed their part. And now, upon
this day so glorious, let us pledge anew our vows of
devotion to our common coimtry and to this dear
city. To our vi.siting friends let me say that Rocli-
ester to-day with lier " green lap full of sprouting
leaves and bright blossoms" extends a most cor-
dial welcome. Her citizens and her officials appre-
ciate the honoi' of your presence, full.v realizing the
sacrifices you have made in order to meet with us.
We shall not soon forsret how nmch this most im-
portant day in our local history is graced by your
attendance; let the historian of the future in mak-
ing mention of these exercises record the fact that
some of the most distinguished men of our time
and the representatives of many of the cities
throughout this broad land met and rejoiced with
us. For almost the entire time of the life of our
city there has been one loved and honored pastor
over one of our leading chiu^ches. In the services
of his church and of our city his venerable head
has become silvered, his noble heart and deeds have
won for him a reverence and affection more pre-
cious than any golden offering coukl purchase. In
what way could the services of this hour be more
appropriately begun than liy uniting with him in
thanksgiving to Almighty God for liis blessings to
us and our city in the past, and prayer for their
continuance in the futm-e.

PRAYER BY DR. SHAW.

next prayed as

Rev. James B. Shaw, D. D.

follows :

Oh God, oiu' heavenly father, we are assembled
here to-day to bless ami praise thy name for the
iriunificent blessings thou hast .shown us as a city
during the first half century of its existence. Oh
God, we come til thee to-day as the God in whom
our fathers ti-nsted. We come before thee to
humbly confess oui- sins, for we are like sheep that
have gont! astray and wandered far from the mas-
ter's fold. We know that we have done many
things which we ought not to have done, and left
undone those things which we ought to have done.
But we come to-day to confess all these things and

humbly ask tliy mercy iind forgiveness. We desire.
Oh Tjord, to tliaiikfully ackiinwledKctlie unbuiiiKhHl
mercies tlioii hast sliovvii tills imiiiiri|)ality (hii'iiig
the past hair (•ciitiiiT. ^\'(' tliaiik tliee for the
iKihle rouiiilers iif tin* cilv wliieh thmi gavest lis;
thai they were eoiisrifiilious and hh;li minded iiii'ii
fi'Diii whose e.xeiiiplar.N lives has radialcd an in-
fliienee for good wnieli has Ijeeu felt through all
the years down to the present time. We also ile-
sire to thank thee Oh ]>ord for the gi'eat material
pi'Ksperity thou hast granted us; for tlie sclmols,
sennnaries and other institutions of learning which
have lu'cn gi\cn us and havi' done so nnich foi' the
intellectual interests (if (lur city; fVir our clnu'ches,
asyhuus, hospitals, ami all tiie houses of iiu'rcy
which have hecu organi/ed in oiu' midst. And, Oh
Lril'il our (iod we would conuneud to thine iidlnile
care and guidance tlie Chief !\lagistrate of the laud,
the (!ovei-niir of the state, the Mayor and all othei-s
in authority, and pray tliat the.v may all reflect
I hine own merciful and heueticent autliority in all
(heir iifticial acts. May they be able ti> discern the
signs of the times and lie wise in all their actions, sn
that at that great and lin.il day they ma.\' hearfrum
thine own lips the words " Well done, thou good and
faithful servant ; thou hast been faithful over a few
things and I will make thee I'uler over many.
Knter thou into the joy of thy Lord." Our Heavenly
I'alher, we would also ask thy blessing on those
wild have <-ouu' here as our guests on this festive
occasion, and nuiy they return to their homes car-
rying with them none liul the pleasanlest of recol-
Icclidus (if theii- sta.v among us. ( )h tJod, we would
also ask Thee to create such a love for our city in
our hearts, that we may coidiiuially strive to make
it nearer and neari'r like that New Jerusalem, the
city not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.
.\ II tliese unmerited mt^rcies we ask in thy name,
and with angels and archangels we ^vill glorify and
magnify th.y glorious name for ever and ever,
Amen.

FROM ROCHESTEK, ENGLAND.

'I be reading of the following doctimeiit, by
tbe Mayor, wu.s liHteued to atteutively :

Town Clerk's Oi^i'k^e, I
RociiKSTlCR, 2-M May, 18H4. l'
To /he Wtirxliiiifiil, llw Miiiiar of Boche^l'ey, N. Y.:

DkarSik: 1 am directed by the Mayor and cor-
jioration of this city to forward you copy of i-eso-
lution passed at their last ([uarterly nu^eting.

The Mayor desires me to exiircss to you how
much he woidd have been jilcascnl to have acceiited
j-our most kind invitation and to have made a .jour-
ney to America and especiall.y to your city, but it
is (|uite impossible for him to do so.

Allow me personall.y to ofTer my sincere congrat-
ulations on your great jtrosperity, and I am sure 1
can add that the feelings of oiu' citizens will be
with you on the occasion of your most interesting
celebration.
I have the honor to be, deal' sir.

Yours most trul.y,

RICHARD I'RALL.
fAtameeting of the Council of
I the said city liolden at tlie < iuild
Cit.y of Rochester, -| hall, of and in the said city, on
I Wednesday, the fourteenth da3'
I, of May, lS8t—
Present:
('harles Koss Foord, es(|uire, Mayor.
Alderman, James (icorge Naylar, esquire.
Councillors:
I\b-. John Smith Benton, i Mr. Joseph Ord Moore.
" Joseph Creasey. " Fravdcliu (i. Honian.

" George Henry Curel. " Jolm .James Foord.
" Kdward Wm! Willis. " Lewis lilyth Biggs.

George \Villiaiu (iill.
It was Resolved, That the Council desires to ex-
press to the Mayor and citizens of tlie city of
Rochester, N. Y.. their apjireciation of the kind
feelings manifested in the invitation given by the
Mayor to the Mayor of this city to l)e present o\\ tlie ^
occasion of the celebration of the .OOth year of the

city's existence. The Mayor of this city is, he re-
.grets to say. unable to be present, but he and all the
members of this Council would desire to unite in
one cordial wish that the celebration nia.y be a suc-
cessful one.

They congratulate the city on its wonderful
progress manifested in the fact that tlie number of
Its inhabitants now exceeds KKLUOO, and the.v hope
that its prosperity in the future ma.y be eipial to
what it has been in the p;ist; And

Resolved further. That a copy of this resolution
under the common .seal of tiic corporation and
signed by the Ma.yoi- and alderman and councillors
jiresent at this meeting be forwarded to the Ma.vor
of Rochester. N. Y.

[Seal] Chari.ks Ro.ss Foord, Mayor.

Jamks Georgk Navlar.

.John S. Benton.

.losEi'u Creasey.

(lEIIItdE H. Cl'REL.

F. W. Willis.
.J. (>. Moore
F. G. Homan.
.John .J. FooHo.
Lewis Blyth Biggs.
George W. Gill.

The following i-(>sohitions, ofTered by Fred-
erick A. Whittlesey wei'e adopted unan-
imously:

Resolvcci, That we the citizens of Rochester, N.
v., assembled on this fiftieth aimiversar.y of its iii-
coriioration as a city, have heard with tlie grealesi
pleasun^ resolutions of the IMayor, alderman and
councillors of the city of Rotdiesfcr, Kent. Kng
land, adopted 1 )th May, lS'i4, and transmitted to
our Mayor. The continued good will and brotherlv
feeling on the ))'irt of that ancient and venerable
coi|)oratc body towards this its .youthful namesake
which are attested by this missive, are Ixitli grate-
full.y received and lu^artily reciprocated b.y this
community, and we should liave re.joiced could we
have welcomed here any representative from our
elder si.ster b.y the Medwa.y on this our da.v of .jubi-
lee

Resolv(Ml, That our chairman, the Ma.yor, cause
a cony of these proceediiiU's to be .sent to the Mayor
of 1" jii^ester, J<"ii.glaiid, with the re(inest tliat lie
comiiumicate the same to the alderman and coun-
cillors.

OTHER CONGRATUJ.ATIONS.

The following telegrams, received by the
Mayor, were also read:

WAsiiiNtn'oN, D. (1, June '.». — To His Honor, the
:\Ia,yor(if Rochester, N. Y., Sir: In response to your
repeated invitation I have to sa.y, it is with surpass-
ing regret that I cannot otherwise than in sjiirit
walk the streets of your beautiful city to-da.y, and
assist in the celebration of its senii-centennial. iMy
home for more than a (luarter of a centur.V-, the
scene of my earliest endeavors for liberty and hu-
manity, endeared to me by the warmest as.socia-
tion oi' friendsliip and citizenshiii. I send it greetiig
and give you joy on this its (iftieth anniversary,
and extend niv heartfelt ^vislles for its continued
health, prosjierity and honor.

Yours very trul.y,

Frederiuk Douglass.

t Albany, N. Y., June 'J.

Hon. C. It. ParmM:

T greatly i-egret that an important suit comes on
tomorrow at which I h.ave to be present, so I will
not be able to lie present. Albany sends her most
liearty greeting and re.joices with you in your great
prosperity. A. Bleecker Banks,

Ma,yor of Alban.y.

Cincin.nati. O.. .June 9.
To the Hon. C. R. Parmns, Mai/or of Ilochesd^r:
Accept my congratulations and best wishes for

Rochester. May she continue to increase iu pros-
perity and beauty.

Montgomery H. Rochester.

After the clioir of St. Peter\s Church* bad
rendered the .selection "Angel of Peace" (mu-
sic by Mathias Keller), with band accompani-
ment, under the direction of Prof. Sartori,
the cliairmaii introduced the historian of the
day — Hon. Charles E. Fitch, editor of the
Democrat and Chronicle:

THE HISTORICAL ADDRESS BY HON. C. E. FITCH. -j-

I think 1 can understand something of the
pride with which an Athenian, amid the
crumbling monuments of the age of Pericles,
reviews Che record of Attic cuiture in arts
and of Attic supremacy in arms ; or that
with which a Roman, in the shadow of the
Coliseum, looks backward, through the vista
or the past to the glory of the republic and
the majesty of the empire, and exclaims
' 'I, too, am a Roman citisen. ' ' What thrill
of emotion may touch the heart of a Vene-'
tian, when he wakes from his dreams, w^ithin
the slumbrous air of the Adriatic where, as
in Shelley's vision,

' 'The temples and the palaces do seem,
Like fabrics of enchantment piled to heaven, ' '

and reflects that all the wealth of architec-
tural adornment and visible memorials of
medieval luxury are the enduring testimony
to the refined taste and the commercial gran-
deur of the queenly city which ruled the
waters from the Rialto to the Zuyder Zee.
Thus also may the Londoner muse, as he
hears the roar of Cheapside, whose stones
seem to echo to the foot falls of the vanished
toilers and to glow with the light and
color which the long lines of civic
pageantry, in brave array of scarlet
and of gold, have thrown upon them; or as,
within the walls of the Tower, he recalls the
weary imprisonments and the somber
tragedies they have witnessed ; or, as in the
fane of Westminister, by tab'et and vault
and chapel, he notes the events with which
the names of the quiet sleepers there, once
sceptered with royalty or crowned with
laurel, have been associated, through seven
hundred years of English history.

I can understand this pride of retrospec-
tion, this identifloation of citisenship with
the development of urban life, whose genesis
is wrapped in the mists of antiquity. It is

'Soprano, Mrs. F. A. Mandeville; alto, Miss Annie
Alexander; tenor, F. A. Mandeville; basSj F. M.
Bottum. The excellent manner in which the choir,
assisted ))y Prof. Sartori, director, acquitted itself
upon this occasion, was the subject of general
remark.

t Hon. Charles Elliott Fitch was born Dec. 3, 1835,
at Syracuse, N. Y. ; {i^radiiated from Williams College,
18.55, and at the Albany Law School, 1S57; practiced
his profession until the Summer of ISO J; clerk of
the Provost court at Newberne, N. C, from ]HG4 to
1865; editor-in-chief of the Syracu.se Standard, 1SG5
to 1873, and of the Democrat and Chronicle since
then.

something of which to be justly proud.
Cities have been the cradles ot liberty, the
watch-towers of progress, the nuclei around
which nationalities have gathered. Of
nearly all f>nward movements of humanity
they have been the iuspirers and the heralds
Frooj them have radiated, as beaoi'^ from
central suns, the sciences, the arts, the
philanthropies. I can undei stand the claims
of long descent, as illustrated in the achieve-
ments of such municipalities as Athens and
Rome and Florence and Amsterdam'
and London and Paris ; but I can
more than understand, I can fully
sympathise with, the newer civilisation of
the cities of this western world I can feel
its fresh propulsion — the very beatinji of its
heart. I can realise the mighty strides it
has made, even in my own life. It is part
of the work which this generation and the
generations immediately preceding it have
wrought. It is of us and akin with us
Concerning it, some of you may say, with
Aeneas, ' 'a part of which I was and all of
which I saw. ' ' Because it is the newer civ-
ilisation, it is not less worthy of commemor-
ation than the old Inheritor of the quali-
ties, which conspired in the evolution and
the perpetuity of European communities, it
has essential energies of its own stimulated
especially by the conditions of territorial
conquest with which it has had to deal,
and strengthened by the assimilation, with
its original stock, ot various races combin-
ing in the union of peoples which, under
the genius of American institutions, is its
consummate production

Do you realise how new, in the compari-
son, this civilisation is '. It was but last
week that, at Whitestown, was cele-
brated the centennial of the first New
England migration which, pushing beyond
the frontier of German thrift, began the co-
lonisation of Central New York So late as
1800, although the smoke wreathed it-self
above the chimney of Peter Schaefier, in his
Wheatland clearing, and a few hardy ad-
venturers had penetrated to the Ohio and
laid the foundations of Marietta, the western
line of settlement in the United States was
practically drawn at the Genesee river. In
the region between the Genesee and the
headwaters of the Mohawk the population
was comprised in a few straggling hamlets —
Rome, Oneida Castle, Onondaga Hollow.
Hardenbergh's Corners, since Auburn, Ge-
neva, Canandaigua, with their outlying de-
pendencies — connected by roads, whose only
distinction from forest trails was in the
blazed trees upon their course, along which,
however, had already begun to move that
picturesque procession of high -peaked, can
va*8-covered wagons, with their patient
oxen, which was, through the coming years,
to plod its way from the Hudson to Puget
sound. There were solitary farm houses in

several of what are now the eastern towns
of Monroe county ; quite an ambitious town
w»8 projected at King s, subsequently
Hanford's, Landing; a few fishermen kept
watch and ward over the gateway to Lake
Ontario ; and the section south of here had
hegun to respond to the quickening efforts of
Williamson, of Faulkner ana the Wads-
worths. At this place there had been the
whir of the mill of ''Indian'' Allan — that
strange compound of backwoodsmari, savage
and Turk, whose life of lust and crime is
still a tale of dread— but its stones, juow
preserved at the entrance of this building,
had ceased their grinding, and it had fallen
into disuse. Jeremiah Olmstead had gath-
ered a single harvest upon a site near where
the House of Refuge stands, hut had aban-
doned it for higher, and apparently more
eligible, ground on the Ridge In 1800
also, Wheelock Wood built a saw mill at
Deep Gully creek, within the present corpora-
tion limits, but, after one year's experience
Qi' the fever- breeding miasma, which brood-
ed over the low -lying lands, had returned to
Lima, whence he came. For a decade
longer, the embryo city is to sleep, while
the woods keep vigil and the cataract, as if
with prophetic voice, mutters its pro-
test, untU, at the touch of the
advancing time, the spell is dis
solved, she starts from her lethargy,
and, alert with vitality, asserts her
sovereignty. The woods bow at her com-
mand, and the waters are swift to do her
bidding.

Somewhere, in this region so favored by
natural advantages, there was to be a
thriving town. About this there was no
dispute The streams sang of it, and the
opulent acres proclaimed it. To the clear
vision of the pioneer, its shops, its ware-
houses and its shining spires uprose in the
mellow light of the future : but, although
the approaching fact was definitely appre-
hended, its precise location was, at the first,
intangible and illusory. Who has ever been
able to tell, at the beginning, just where the
heart of trade will throb and just in wliat
directions the arteries of traffic will run ?
These have been the constantly recurring
problems of urban development, embracing
a goodly portion of the hopes and the heart-
aches of humanity. Salem was once the
rival of Boston, l)ut the stately ships, laden
with the spices of the orient, no longer seek
her decaying wharves and the luster of her
name is in the romance of her past. New-
port was to control the commerce of
the continent, but her villas and
her casino are but sorry oflf-sets to the cus-
tom-house and the exchanges of New York.
I can easily remember when real estate in -
vestments in Sheboygan were deemed more
inviting than in Chicago. And so here.
Charles Williamson, the agent of the Pul-

teney estate, was a very sagacious, as well as
generous minded, man, and yet over Wil-
liamsburg, which he designed as a metro-
polis, the plow bhare is now driven, its
sharp point occasionally tossing to the sur-
face fragments of the buried foundations.
The busy mart of the Genesee country was
to be at Williamsburg, at Mount Morris, at
Lima, at Carthage, at Charlotte, at Tryons-
town, at Hanford's Landing, at Braddock's
Bay — where not in the groping i In its zig
zag rambling, the divining rod was pointed
in vain to the hidden treasures.

But there vpas one man who guessed
aright — nay he knew. Nathaniel Rochester
was in the prime of life when, in 1800, he
first visited Western New York, in com-
pany with William Fitzhugh and Charles
Carroll. Born in Viginia, in 1752, he was
a resident of North Carolina, during the re-
volutionary war, and was a mem-
ber successively of the committee of
safety for Orange county, of the first
provincial convention, ana of the first legis-
lature independent of the crown, besides
holding a number of other important offices,
civic and military. Removing to Hagers-
town, Maryland, in 1778, he was president
of the bank there, member of assembly,
postmaster, judge of the county court, sher-
iflf and presidential elector. He was
a man of affairs always, a lead-
er of men in the three com-
monwealths in which his lot was cast Up-
on his first visit to the Genesee country, he
purchased the mills, water power and a
portion of the land, upon which he after-
ward resided, at Dansville, and Messrs.
Fitzhugh and Carroll made large purchases
of land near Mount Morris, which they sub-
sequently occupied In I 8 j2, the three
again visited this section and bought the one
hundred acre tract upon which Rochester
was laid out In 1810, Colonel Rochester
removed to Dansville, erected a paper mill
and made other improvements there. In
1811, he had the hundred acre tract, then
called Falls Town surveyed into village lots
and offered a few of them for sale, he act -
ing for all the pi-oprietors. A few
years later, the tract was divided
between the three. It is a fact not, per-
haps, generally known, but exceedingly in-
teresting and deserving emphasis, that the
chief impulse to the exodus of Colonel Roch-
ester from Maryland was his aversion to the
institution of human bondage. He could
not bear the thought of rearing his family
amid its demoralising infiuences He freed
all his slaves, bringing the majority of them
with him, as hired domestic servants, and,
with his household gods, set his face to-
ward the north star. Thus Rochester,
which the Chrysostom of the colored race
was afterward to make his home, and from
which New York's most philosophic states-

man was to announce the ' 'irrepressible
conflict, ' ' is, through the resohition of its
founder, most honorably identified with the
revival of anti- slavery sentiment in
America.

It was, after all, a bold experiment to
essay a village here. Unquestionably, there
was a serviceable water-power, but the
locality was marshy and consequently sick-
ly, and it was quite north of the line of
travel between the east and the west, which
then passed through Avon ; but Colonel
Roche.ster had faith and pluck and withal
liberality. His prices were reasonable and
long term payments were conceded freely.
Before the end of 1812, he had, through
the agency of Eqos Stone, disposed of for-
ty-three lots to twenty-six persons, and
growth had begun. The river was spanned
by a bridge rude as compared with the sub-
stantial, yet invisible, structure, which has
replaced it, and over which thousands pass
daily through Main street, but very famons
in its day, and the only crossing which had
been erected over the Genesee below Avon.
During the same year, Matthew Brown, jr. ,
Francis Brown, Thomas Mumford and John
McKay had bought a section of land imme-
diately north of the Rochester tract, had
also laid it out in village lots, and called it
Frankfort, arter the second of the foregoing
named proprietors Two years before Enos
Stone, who owned some 300 acres on the
east side of the river, then in the town of
Boyle, afterward Smallwood, and later still
Brighton, had huilr, and occupied a house
near what is now the corner of South
St. Paul and Main streets, and there,
it has generally been asserted, that,
on the 4th of May, 18 lo!

his son James S was born Mr. Stone has,
however, recently corrected this statemenr,,
and says that be was born in the house of
his uncle, in -what is yet the town of Brijjh
ton Tradition, still seekuig as industriously
for that first white child, as Jat^het in search
of his father, says that a son was born to
Colonel Fish, in 1802, an<i that he is still
living somewhere in Michigan, but I have
been unaVtle to verify this claim The con-
flaencH of the Rochester, Brown and Stone
migrations thus indicated was to form the
strong currt-nt of future city life, but the
fuller stream was, for a long time to be
r.hat which had its spring in the thought of
Nathaniel Rochester. For years, it was
incontestaVily the chief portion of the town,
and irt so still if we may credit the repre
sentations of the west siders to the federal
authorities when they want to lt<';ate a gov-
ernment building.

It has heen my privilege, on more
than one occasion, before audiences
in Western New York, to dwell upon the
fact that the tide of immicration which set
hither, in the opening years of the century,

was mainly of New England origin. I am
glad that no exception need be made for
Rochester in this regard, and I rejoice that
the same Puritan stock, which furrowed
the hill- sides of Wyoming and planted
the valleys of Livingston, brought here
the mechanic arts — the plane, the last,
the brush, the trowel— and that here, as
elsewhere, they brought the town -meeting,
the spelling book and the Bible They were
the men or the sons of the men who had
chased the Senecas through the forest shades,
in whose veins ran the blood of the May-
flower and of Marston Moor, who had re-
ceived the baptism of the revolution, and
who, on battle-field, or by the hearthstones
of Massachusetts and Connecticut, had
learned those lessons of civil and religious
liberty, which they were here to formulate in
law and exemplify in practice. We cheer-
fully acknowledge our obligations to all —
from whencesoever they came, from the
southern or the middle states, or from be
yond the seas — who have contributed their
virtues and their muscle to the com mem
weal, but we do not forget that by far the
larger proportion of the early settlers — they
who gave the seminal principle to our ex-
pansion — were from the New England
states.

The growth of Rochester — or Roches
terville, as it was known fromi
181G until 1819— after it was

once started was rapid and satisfactory.
Let us glance at it including with it the im
provements on the east side, in 1814 three
\ ears after the first village lot was sold It was
yet very rough and unkempt It had five,
so called, streets Main street ran from the
bridge east and was intersected by River,
now South St. Paul street, upon which,
near where the Chapman house stands, was
the tavern of Isaac W. Stone. Moses Hall,
the brother- in law of Enos Stone, had a
farm house about where the mansion of
Hiram Sibley is now placed, and, farther
east, within, as I understand, the present
city limits, were the log bouses of Miles
Northrup, John Culver and David J. Bates
and the tavern of Oliver Culver Buffalo
street, west of the bridge, crossed Carroll,
now State, street and Mill, now Exchange,
street and entered the woods. About where
the canal aqueduct now is, were the then
upper faIN, some fourteen feet high, at the
east end of which Enos Stone had a saw mill :
from the west end, there stretched a ledge
of ro(!ks, about four feet high, which first
curved from what is now Aqueduct street,
turned across Mill street, and ran out on
Buffalo street, at the site of the Odd Fellows
temple. Near the east end of the ledge, on
the river ^ank, was the saw mill of Harvey
and Elisha Eiy ; just above this were the
ruins of the Allan mill, and a little to the west
was the log house built by the contractor for

himself and hands while constructing the
bridge. Dr. Orrin E. Gibbs had his house
and '^luce on Mill street, midway between
lyue present line of the Erie canal and Court
street. The stor6 of Silas O. Smith was on
the site of Post's drug store. Where now
are the noble proportions of the Free acad-
emy the first rude school house had been
erected, and immediately in its rear was a
lime kiln A few dwellings had been put up
in Frankfort, and the block -house built by
Charles Harford, in 1807, near Vincent
place, was still standing. The Harford mill,
erected the same year by Mr Harford, had
been bought by Francis Brown & Co , who
had enlarged it to three runs of stone and
were testing their full capacity in the manu-
facture of flour. On the east side, just
above the falls, Moses Atwater and Samuel
J. Andrews had purchased a large section
of land and had made some improvements
thereon, Mr. Andrews having erected his
own house at the corner of Andrews and
North St Paul streets. In that vicinity also
was a huddle of huts partially occupied by
Indians But the center of village activity
was on the north side of Buffalo street, be-
tween the liridge and Carroll street. The
river, as is well known, widened out much
more, on the west side, than in these days,
and close to the bank, where is now the store
of Charles E. Furman, James B. Cartter had a
blacksmith-shop Adjoining him west was the
carpenter and millwright shop of David K.
Cartter. Next came the house of Aaron
Skinner, pchool teacher ; then A Wheelock,
joiner ; then the new house of Hamlet Scran-
tom, which was set back some ways from
the street ; next was the tailor shop of
Jehial Barnard, used also on Sunday as a
place of religious worship Next was the
sadler shop of Abelard Reynolds in which
was the post office, he having been appoint-
ed postmaster the year befoie, and returning
to the department the sum of three dollars
and forty -two cents as. he first quarterly
receipts The post office, a battered old
desk, is preserved with pious care by the
son of the first postmaster, and, snugly re-
posing in one of its cracks, was found, only
the other day. an order drawn in 1815, by
Mr. Wheelock upon Mr. Reynolds, in favor
of Horace L Sill. It was here that, on the
14th of December, IS 14, was born our
honored fellow- citisen, Mortimer F. Rey-
nolds, the first white child born in Roches-
terville i)roper. Next was the then unfin-
ished house of Mr. Reynolds which he open-
ed as a tavern, a year later Still further
west, on the corner of Carroll street, was the
store of Harvey and Elisha Ely On the
site of the Powers block wei'e the log
house, bui.t by Hamlet Scrantoin, and
occiipied by Henry Skinner, joiner, and a
frame house owned by Mr. Skinner
On the east side of Carroll street, near the

corner of Buffalo street, was the grocery and
dwelling of Abram Stack. A little beyond,
the inevitable lawyer, in the person of John
Mastick, had hung out his shingle, and, on
the west side of the same street, about
where the German - American bank is, was
the store of Ira West

Such was Rochester, seventy years ago
It had a population of about 150 souls. Its
streets were unpaved. It had few, if any,
plank sidewalks. Its habitations, mostly
combined for business and residence, were
generally a story and a half high. The
forest enclosed it on all fides, and within its
recesses the growl of the wild beast was
often heard. Privations were constant, the
means of living were straitened, and lux-
uries were unknown. There was still the
conflict with primeval nature — the fight for
existence ; but hearts were brave and hopes
were high and associations close. All were
on terms of equality. There were no fic-
titious social barriers ; and there was that
sweet helpfulness of each to .each which
gives a grace and charm, an idyllic beauty,
to narrow village life which the city, with
all its broadening influences and many su-
periorities, but over which selfishness,
like a grim Moloch, reigns, can-
not afford. Of all who mingled
actively in the life of those days, I know of
but one who survives. Mrs. Abelard Rey-
nolds came to Rochester, a young wife and
mother, to share in the toils of the frontier
settlement, and to rear her fanaily in ' the
nurture and admonition of the Lord. ' '
What panorama of dissolving woods, of
opening thoroughfares, of artificial water-
ways, of iron fingers with friendly clasp of
distant communities, of ascending walls
enshrining peaceful homes or uplifiing
dome and tower and steeple, of hammers
swinging and wheels revolving, of varied in
dustries unfolding and expanding, of hos-
pitals and asylums evoked by the gentle
genius of charity, of the confident tread of
the sons pressing upon the tottering steps of
the fathers, has passed before her eyes.
Mother in Israel ! we greet thee, to day,
with reverence and with love, grateful that
thou hast been spared to witness all these
wonders, and earnestly imploring that,
upon the rounded cycle of thj- hundred
years, now so near its consummation, health
and peace and mercy may descend in bene-
diction

We pass on to the year 1820. The popu-
lation has increased rapidly, being now 1,-
500, and business activities have multiplied
accordingly. In 1815, the old Red Mill,
destroyed by fire in 1S27, had been built by
Harvey Ely and Josiah Bissell, every able-
bodied man and boy in the village assisting
in the raising. The Genesee Cotton Manu-
facturing company, which subsequently
proved a financial failure, had set 1,392

spindles in motion. William Atkinson had
built the Yellow mill, upon which our ven-
erable feIlow-citisen,t^chuyler Moses, worked,
in 1817. A year later, the paper mill of
Gilman & Sibley was built, and, in 1819, a
number of new flouring mills were started
Already Rochester was renowned for the
purity of the staple she manufactured, and
had become the principal wheat market for
the entire Genesee country. Colonel Roch-
ester, who had gone from Dansville to
Bloomfield to reside, had built a house on
Mill street in 1816, and occupied it in 1819,
Dr. Levi Ward having meanwhile been in
possession. The house is still standing on
Exchange street and has long been known
by the suggestive tide of the Break o' Day.
Colonel Rochester subsequently moved into
the house on the northwest corner of Spring
and Washington streets, where, on the 17th
of May, 1831,hedied. In 1817, also, the first
of the well-known hostelries of the vill ige, the
Mansion house, was built ; and a charter was
granted by the legislature to Rochesterville,
Francis Brown, William Cobb, Everard
Peck, Daniel Mack and Jehiel Biirnard
being elected trustees. They met at the
tavern of Lebeus Elliot and elected Francis
Brown, president, Hastings R. Bender,
clerk, and F. F Backus, treasurer Fran-
cis Brown had been continued yearly as
president, and trustees, other than those
mentioned, up to 1820, had been Isaac
Colvin, Ira West, Moses Chapin, Elisha
Taylor and Charles J. Hill, the latter so
recently departed from us, taking his seat
forthefiist time in 1820. In this year,
Judge Chapin w^as made clerk and filled the
position for several terms In 1817, the
first fire company with Daniel Mack as
foreman, was organised, and on the 5th of
December, 1819, it did battle with the
first serious conflagration, which swept
away several buildings on the north side of
Buffalo street, including the saddlery shop
of Abelard Reynolds and the office of the
Gazette newspaper, which had been estab •
lishedin 181 G, by Augustine G. Dauby, the
father of the craft in Rochester. It was
followed by the Telegraph, which Everard
Peck & Co. first published July 7, 1818
In the early part of 1819, the Carthage
bridge, then considered and described
as the eighth wonder of the
world, and really, except in the
trifling matter of stabilitj , a marvel of en-
gineering skill, had been swung across the
Genesee, and had given away on the 22d of
May, 1820, and tumbled, a mass of tim-
bers, into the current below, carrying with
it the aspirations of the nascent bergh, and
reviving the force ot the classic epitaph
" Carthago delendaest. '' But it was not
absolute destruction. She was simply to
wait and serve another's weal, absorbed at
last into that other's entity. In 1819, also.

a toll bridge was constructed about midway
between the falls and the present site of
Andrews street bridge which lasted, how-
ever, but a few years, and was not rebuilt.
The year was further made memorable by
the decision of the state authorities to run
the Erie canal through Rochester, and
the survey was made accordingly. The
blithe music of the stage horn, resonant now
from Buffalo to Albany, as it wound among
the hills or lingered upon the ripples ot the
fair chain of inland lakes, was heard in our
streets, and pleasant images come to us,
even in these days of steam and electricity,
from out the traditions that cluster around
the goodly fellowship that enlivened and
the cheerful resting places that broke the
monotony of the far away journeys. Ah !
what regretful longings must sometimes
pofsess the breasts of the older folk, as they
recall the lumbering old coach, with its
heavy springs and its seats of ancient leath-
er, its autocratic Jehu, artistic in
every poise of the reins and crack of the whip,
and its jolly passengers making jests even
of the jolts and the mud holes ; and then the
weather-beaten inns, with their swinging
signs and their comfortable porches and their
spacious sitting rooms with their wide fire-
places and the quaint andirons and the
crackling logs and, under the breath be it
spoken, the steaming mugs of flip. Even
at that early day, our citisens had begun to
pay attention to that beautifying of their
homes, which has made Rochester peerless
among her sisters, in foliage and flowers
and lawns In 1816, sugar maples had been
planted by Harvey Ely ai»d John G Bond,
on the west side of Washington street be-
tween the canal and Spring street, and the
love of nature had intelligent guidance and
expansion, long before the nurseries which
now gird the city — a circlet of emerald round
ruby, and amethyst and turquoise — had
made floriculture an art and won for us the
lovely appellation of ' 'The Flower City. ' '
A picture drawn, a few years later by Willis
Gay lord Clarke, who, had he longer lived,
would have been the Charles Lamb of
America, will, in this connection, bear quo-
tation : ' ' The entrance to Rochester 'from
' the west is impressive by contrast ; and
' when you are once rattling over its pave-
' ments, and through its long streets,
' you fancy yourself m New York,
• or eke in Philadelphia. The sub-
' urbs are beautiful. I envied so deeply
' the lot of some certain friends who es-
' corted us along the banks of the fair Gene -
' see, and showed us the falls of that
' charming river, that their rei idences still
' rise to my eye as the very acme of rural
' establishments. From the roof of ono, I
' looked down upon flowery walks, the
' sparkling cataract, the vast pine forests
' to the north ; the blue Ontario beyond ;

' ' the city, with its turrets, some of which
' ' are Hke those which peer above an old
' ' feudal town in Europe ; and upon the
' ' tfhaily dwelhugs of good old friends in the
' ' suburbs ' '

But let us take a birds -e>e glimpse
of the place as it was in 1820. Buffalo
street was settled as far west as High street,
now Caledonia avenue, and Main street had
bouses as far east as Clinton street, which
was the eastern boundary of the village On
River street there were five houses below
Court street, and with these the southern
limit was reached on the east side of the
river. With the exception of the mansion
of Harvey Montgomery, now the residence
of Mrs Abelard Reynolds, there were no
houses south of Troup street, and
Mr. Montgomery ' s house, within a demesne
of eight acres, was approched, not
from Fitzhugh street, which was only a
Jane beyond Troup, but from Sophia street
which had been recently opened Frankfort
was mapped out, around the square, which
had been given to the village by Dr. Brown
and bears his name, but embraced as yet no
houses,, except a sprinkling on State, the
continuation of Carroll street, the last house
being on the corner of Jay street North of
Main street, there was but a single house
beyond Andrews street Marked changes,
as will be seen, have taken place in the
names of streets, some of which have been
already indicated. Spring was then Falls
street. The northern part of Fitzhugh was
Hughes street. Plymouth avenue was So-
phia street and Sophia was Hart Street
North Washington was Franklin street and
there was another Washington street on the
east side continued beyond its intersection
with North St. Paul, then Market street,
into Clyde street to the entire length of
which the name of Franklin has since been
transferred. Allen was Ann street. Center
was Fish street. Court now Brown street,
which bounds Brown square on the south,
then ran through it, a portion of the square
having since been appropriated for railroad
uses Front was Mason street, and Bridge
street, now in part discontinued, crossed the
river upon the bridge below Andrews street.
Canal was the continuation of Mortimer
street. I have been particular in this de-
signation of streets because I wished to in-
dicate how the names of the pioneers are in
some instances thus appropriately preserved,
and because, even at this late day, I wish to
enter my unavailing protest against certain
changes that have been made. The names
of cities and of streets, like their architec-
ture, should have an individuality of their
own. The mere mention of Constantinople,
of Nuremburg or of Edinburgh suggests the
mosques and minarets, the mediteval Gothic
devices, or the naany storied structures in
stone which give their character to each

respectively Deficient as our Ainerican
communities are, of course, in originality of
architecture, the> are also deficient in apposite
nomenclature Simeon DeWitt, surveyor-
general of New York, went through the
military tract, some ninety years ago, and
discharged the contents of a classical die
tionary upon its hapless towns indiscrimi-
nately, as a pepper-box is shaken over food
and the places that might have borne melli
Huous Indian syllables, or been associated in-
dissolubly with the names of their founders,
remain the victims of General DeWitt' s love
of classic lore. Happily, Rochester has been
saved from the fate of Romei and Syracuse,
and Ithaca and Manlius, and Aurelius and
Sempronius, and the rest ; but it is to be re-
gretted that the names of so few of her early
citisens are preserved in her streets, and
that they should have been bereft of any
such which had once been bestowed upon
them Especially to be deplored is the
change from Carroll to State street. The
one meant something : the other means
nothing. But the village had certain litiga-
tion with Charles H. Carroll, concerning the
title to the site of the river market ; and, al-
though Judge Carroll seems to havb had de-
cidedly the best of the matter in the chan-
cery adjudication, the village trustees had
their petty revenge upon him in the passage of
the following curt resolution, on the 18th of
September, 1881 :

''Resolved, That the name of Carroll
street be changed to State street. ' '

This was good in law, but execrable in
taste.

As the next step, and the last but one, in
our hurried progress, let us pause at the
year 1837. The population has reached
8, 000, an increase, in fifteen years, parall-
eled only by the growth of a few western
cities at a later day. Settlement has ex-
panded along the lines already indicated and
there are some new avenues. There are the
changes to Exchange, Spring and Caledonia
streets, and Ford, Chestnut, Mechanic,
Green, Jackson and Elm appear. Dublin
and Cornhill are known as separate commu-
nities, and, at the west end, we hear of
Stra»>burg, the beginning of that German in-
flow which has been of such immense advan-
tage to our industries. Monroe county has
been erected from Genesee and Ontario, but
the village is still in the towns of Brighton
and of Gates, on either side of the river.
The court house, which was to stand for
thirty years, has been erected on the site
of the present edifice, and, for five years
justice has balanced her scales therein. The
canal has been opened under the auspices of
De Witt Clinton, great quantities of flour
have been shipped upon it, and it has
brought the Marquis de la Fayette to the
thriving village, to the very spot which he
who was to be the citisen king of France

had explored thirty years before along the
Indian trail. Seven flouring mills are in
active operation, and the fame of the Genesee
brand, so long to remain supreme, is fully
established. There are cotton and woollen
and a variety of other manufactories, utilis-
ing the swift flowing river. There are
breweries and distilleries and tanneries.
There are over a hundred stores There are
seven clergymen and twenty five physicians
and twenty -eight lawyers There are over
one thousand mechanics, and more than five
hundred who are classed in the directory of
the year as laborers. There are ten
churches, the First Presbyterian having been
organised in 1815, and being followed by
St. Luke ' s, Episcopal and the Friends in 1817,
the Baptist in 1818, the Roman Catholic and
Methodist -episcopal in 1820, the Methodist
society in 1823, the Christian in 1823, the
Second Presbyterian in 182(5 and the Third
Presbyterian in 1827. In the midst of her
temporal prosperities, Rochester has never
neglected the cause of religion, and, ever
distinguished for her philanthropic institu-
tions, she has, in 1827, her Female Charita-
ble and Female Missionary societies, besides
her leadership in the County Bible, Mis
sionary and Tract societies. The Franklin
institute has just been established as a
literary society There is the Bank of
Rochester, with a capital of $250,000,
and the press is represented by one monthly,
one semi-monthly, two weekly, one semi-
weekly and one daily publication, the latter
being the Advertiser, now the oldest daily
newspaper in the United States west of Al ■
bany The village has just had a new char-
ter, has been divided into five wards, and
Matthew Brown, jr. , is still president. The
trustees are William Brewster, Matthew
Brown, jr , Vincent Matthews, Elisha Ely
and Giles Boulton. The assessors are Pres-
ton Smith, Ezra M Parsons, Ira West, Daniel
Tinker and Davis C. West. Rufus Beach is
clerk and attorney. Frederick F. Backus is
treasurer, and Samuel Works chief engineer
of the fire department, which consists of
two engine and one hook and ladder compa-
nies. Dr Penny, afterward president of
Hamilton college, is preaching in the First
Presbyterian and Dr. C uming in St Lukes
church The bar of Rochester is even then
pre-eminent in ability. John Birdsall is cir-
cuit judge. Ashley Sampson has just re-
tired, and Moses Chapin has been appointed,
as judge of the common pleas Before the.se,
as practicing lawyers, appear Daniel D Bar-
nard, a man of rare gifts of speech, who is
to represent two dit<tricts in congress and the
republic as minister to Prussia ; Timothy
Childs, who serves eight years in congress ;
William B. Rochester who has already been
in congress, and is to be circuit judge and
to come within a few votes of the governor-
ship and is to die, at the high noon -tide of

his usefulness, by a marine disaster which
sent a shudder through the nation ; and Vin -
cent Mathews who, after receiving many
honors in a neighboring section — assembly-
man, senator, congressman — has come hither
to pass his remaining days, the acknowl-
edged head of his profession, not less dis-
tinguished for his ijhilanthropic works than
for his forensic talents Among the younger
members of the bar are Frederick Whittle-
sey, who also was to be judge and congress-
man, and the foremost politician in western
New York, and who was to die at a cona-
paratively early age ; Addison Gardiner, who
was to become one of the first judici^jl au-
thorities in the state and its lieutenant-gov-
ernor, and whose recent death, with his
fame full-orbed, is deplored so deeply ; Isaac
Hills also departed recently, sincerely
mourned ; and Harvey Humphrey, who is
to be county judge and is justly to attract to
himself a full measure of puhlic esteem Other
practioners are Sellick Boughton, Fletcher
M. .Haight, James K Livingston, Charles
M Lee, William W. Mumford and Samuel
L. Selden, then on the threshold of his bril-
liant career William S. Bishop, John C
Nash, Henry E. Rochester and Henry R,
Selden are law students. Among practicing
physicians are William Adams, P. P. Backus,
John B. Elwood and Levi Ward. As we
run our eyes over the list of business men we
find the names of many who are honorably
associated with our future prosperities. A
few must suffice William Atkinson and
Matthew Brown, jr. , and Harvey Ely and
Charles J. Hill and E. P. Beach and Solo-
mon Cleveland and Thomas H Rochester
are naerchant millers Thomas Kempshall,
Erasmus D. Smith, Samuel G Andrews,
Nathaniel T. Rochester, Levi A Ward,
Jacob Gould, H. N. Langworthy, William
Pitkin, Everard Peck, Preston Smith. Silas
O Smith, Elihu F. Marshall and Darius
Perrin are merchants Roswell Hart, one
of the most sagacious of our early merchants,
and whose name w^as to be so honorably
perpetuated by his son, has been dead three
years. Thurlow Weed, Luther H Tucker,
Edwin Scrantom, Levi W. Sibley and Robert
Martin are printers, Benjamin Blossom, J
G Christopher, Russell Ensworth, Eja^tus
Granger, Reuben Leonard, Jesse Southwick
and others are innkeepers Among capita-
lists Levi Ward, Jonathan Child, Josiah
Bissell,jr Elisha Ely. Aristarchus Champion,
Harvey Montgomery, A. M Scher-
merhorn and Ira West arw re-
cognised. Among those who are
hereafter to promote our industries, the
most of whom are laying the foundations of
their fortunes, as David (Jopeland, Richard
Gorsline, Joseph Medberry, Schuyler Moses,
Ezra M. Parsons, Wareham Whitney, Eb-
enezer Watts, the Ailing brothers,
Abner Wakelee, Jacob Anderson, Ben-

jamin M. Baker, Aaron Erickson, Nel
son Sage and Lewis Selye. Elisha
B. Strong is president of the Bank of
Rochester. Abelard Reynolds is still post-
master and is, this year, also a member of
assembly ; Orrin E. Gibbs is surrogate ;
Timothy Childs is di. trict attorney : James
Seymour is sheriff ; Simon Stone is county
clerk, and let it not be forgotten, Jeremiah
Cutler is his deputy ; Daniel D. Barnard is
our representrtive in congress.

These and such as these are the men who,
in their various pursuits, are to give tone
and direction to our social, business and cor-
porate life. No town was ever blessed with
men more diligent in business or of purer
moral fiber. All honor to those who are in
the forefront of our march from the wilder-
ness to the city beautiful. But back of these
is an intelligent body of citisenship
which, resolved into the special

adaptabilities of its constituent elements,
assures the best and most symmetrical de-
velopment ; for it must be noted that per-
suasive as is leadership, significant as
is individual impulse, it is, after all,
through the stirrings of aggregated hu
manity that progress is evolved. I wish
we could pay fitting tribute to all who, in
humble, as well as in exalted, circumstan-
ces, have helped to quicken our energies, to
clarify our homes, to illustrate the social
amenities, to broaden our charities, to en-
large our educational agencies, and to sus-
tain our religious institutions. High and
humble alike, they have nearly all gone
before. Their names may be seen where the
vines of June twine about the chiselled
marble, in that sylvan retreat, where the
hand of affection waters the roses of summer
and sets the evergreen above the snows of
winter, and which Chinstianity has conse-
crated, through her tender offices and chaste
symbolism, as the Mount of Hope. The
pioneers are nearly all gone, but their mon-
uments are all around us, in the energies
they have stimulated and in the enterprises
they have fostered, and, let us trust, in the
virtues they have transmitted A few alone
remain, and may their span still be lengthened
far beyond the patriarchal limit, and they
be spared to behold even greater wonders
than the years of their pilgrimage have yet
witnessed.

And now, with the facility which histor-
ical excursions permit, let lis project our-
selves forward through another period of
seven years — for the mystical number has
been propitious for Rochester — and stand
face to face with the year 1834, with the
event which we, this day, commemorate.
Growth has kept on steadily, and business
enterprises have appreciated as steadily.
Meanwhile, there have been some notable
occurrences. A political party has found
successful expression in an unreasoning pre-

judice against a very worthy fraternity, and
has held the many responsible, at the bar of
public opinion, for the guilt of the few — a
party whose cruel inspiration it is impossi-
ble, in these more gentle and refined days,
to understand, which could not even then
have had being had there been exigent pub-
lic issues demanding statesmanlike deter-
mination, and which naturally became ab-
sorbed in a new and virile organisa-
tion, when such questions arose. It
could only be in the lull of real politics,
such as existed between iS'iO and 1830,
that such a masquerade in politics, as was
anti- Masonry, could have attracted serious
attention. Like the youth who fired the
Ephesian dome, Sam Patch has stumbled '
through an inglorious death, into a lasting
notoriety. With a prevision, which seemed
tantamount to recklessness. Abelard Rey-
nolds has erected the Arcade which, for
many years, was to remain our architectural
pride, until the walls of the Powers block
towered above it, challenging the continent
for its peer, and making the fame of the
city and the building almost synonomous.
The fifty -fourth anniversary of American
independence has been celebrated with much
pomp and circumstance. Colonel Rochester,
then nearing his end, sending to the com-
mittee a pathetic letter declining to ^preside,
on account of his age and infirmities, Daniel
D. Barnard delivering the oration, Samuel
L. Selden reading the declaration, and the
display of the home guard being quite
as inaposing as it will be to-moraort';
for it was not from our fathers
that we learned that contempt for
the militia system, which we
are illustrating so fatally. A year later, the
founder dies, amid the lamentations of the
community, closing serenely a life which
has been eminently useful, and a career
which has had honorable recognition in three
commonwealths. The next year, the Asiatic
cholera, like a devastating simoon, descends
upon the place, carrying away over 400
persons and sparing neither age, sex, nor
condition in its wrathful sweep. I had
thought to observe faithfully the proprieties,
by refraining from anything like eulogy of
living citisens, but I am sure you will par-
don an allusion to one who, amid that dread-
ful scourge, bore himself with a dauntless-
ness, before which that which faced the
Redan battery or climbed the frowning crest
of Molino del Rey pales and grows weak,
who met the pestilence with equanimity,
when others fied before it, whose step never
faltered and whose hand never trembled in
the ordeal, who was as gentle in his bedside
ministrations, as he was fearless in the
chamber of death, and who, with his own
hands, placed over sixty victims in their cof-
fins. Ah ! that is a sublimer type of courage
which walks undismayed in the footsteps

of the plague than that which rushes upon
the foemen ' s serried ranks in the frenzy of
battle, amid the plaudits of a nation. Apd
this citisen- hero, General Ashbel W. Riley,
the sole survivor of the whole body of village
trustees — for he was a trustee sixty years
ago — and the only living member of the first
board of aldermen, although the frosts of
nine decades have silvered his locks, still
walks our streets, erect in form, stately in
his bearing, with his mind yet vigorous,
and the blood of health still coursing his
veins, as the results of temperate habits and
cleanliness in living. ' 'i&e/i(.s in coclum
redeat. ' '

In 1834, the population has reached nearly
13, 000. The streets are pushing out in
every direction. There are ten hotels, some
of thena still modestly calling themselves
taverns, the most of which, like the Eagle,
the Rochester, the Clinton, the Mansion and
the Monroe are to become famous in our local
iinnals, and are stiil suggestive to
many of the. good cheer and friendly
intercourse there enjoyed. There are two
banks — the Bank of Roch ster and the
Bank of Monroe. There are three semi-
monthly, four w^cekly and two daily news-
papers, the Democrat having this > ear been
estabhshed by t<hepard and Strong. The
Athenajum is a flourishing institution and
has in its board of directors such influential
citisens as L Ward, jr. , L. A. Ward, the Rev.
Dr. Whitehouse, tCverard Peck, Ashley
Sampson, Silas O. Smith, Frederick Whittle-
sey, O. N. Bush, Thomas H. Rochester, Will-
iam Atkinson, Charles Perkins and N. T.
Rochester. There is a creditable seminary,
giving instruction in the English branches, in
mathematics and the classics. There are
two through lines of stages; the packet-
boats are well patronised ; there is a steamer
plying between the Rapids and Geneseo, and
another is making regular trips from Char-
lotte to all the lake ports. A new genera-
tion, working with and yet under the pio-
neers, has come upon the scene. There are
ambition and bustle and activity every-
where. The homogeneity of the people
begins to yield to cosmopolitan ten-
dencies The place has evidently out-
grown village limitations, and there is
need, as well as desire, for municipal
government — for a more liberal scale of
expenditure, for water privileges, for a
better system of street lighting, which
Lecky well emphasises as a moral educator,
for all the dignity and expansiveness of
city life.

Accordingly, a charter is procured from
the legislature, and Rochester taken from
the towns of Gates and Brighton, is on the
28th of April, 1834, duly incorporated,
being in chronological sequence the ninth

city erected in the state. Its boundaries
are enlarged to include 4, 000 acres, being
extended northward to embrace the lower
falls and the Ontario steamboat landing.
There are five wards, and in the election
that ensues Lewis Brooks, Thomas Kemp -
shall, Frederick P. Backus, and Ashbel W.
Riley are chosen aldermen, and John Jones,
Elijah F. Smith, Jacob Thorn, Lansing B.
Swan and Henry Kennedy, assistant alder-
men The result of the charter election
is among the first victories of the newly
established Whig party, which four years
thereafter is to elevate Mr. Seward to the
governorship, and in six years, is
to carry the country upon a mighty
wave of enthusiasm for ' 'Tippecanoe
and Tyler too. ' ' The council having
a decided Whig majority, elects Jonathan
Child mayor who, fifty years ago.^ accepts
the trust, takes the oath of office and, with
true Republican simplicity, municipal ad-
ministration is happily inaugurated. Es-
pecially gratifying is it, in this review, to
recall the dignified figure of the first mayor,
informed with all manly attributes. A na-
tive of Vermont, he had lived in the Mo
hawk valley and had been a merchant in
Bloomfield and in Charlotte when, in 1820,
he settled in Rochester. Here he became
interested in manufactures and canal navi-
gation and acquired a competence which
was, however, seriously impaired by the
reverses of 1837. He had been a member
of assembly, from Ontario county, for two
terms, but had, during his residence here,
refused consistently to accept office, and was
only persuaded to respond to the wishes of
the council by a paramount sense of public
duty. He was of commanding presence,
yet alert in his movements and gracious in
his deportment, wi h a high sense of per-
sonal honor, and with a resoluteness of wijl,
which made him inflexible in his
adherence to a principle once espoused by
him, as is shown in his resignation of the
mayoralty, on account of a difference of
opinion between him and tbe second council
concerning the number of licenses that
should be granted for the sale of spirituous
liquors. In the honorable roll of our chief
magistrates, none shall be found, in single-
hearted devotion to the public weal and in
those (jualities which equip the good citisen
and the incorruptible executive, to excel
Jonathan Child. The remaining officials
of the first year are all men of
high standing in the community and well
fitted for their respective positions. John
C. Nash, afterward mayor, is city clerk,
Vincent Matthews is city attorney ; Jasper
W. Gilbert, long a justice of the suprema
court in the second district, is clerk of the
mayor's court ; Ephraim Gilbert is marshal :
Elihu P. Marshall is treasurer ; Samuel
Works is superintendent of streets ; William

H. Ward is chief engineer of the fire de-
partment ; and Isaac Loomis, still a resident
of the city, is collector.

Fellow Citisena : In the very brief review
which was permitted me, in the time accorded
I had the choice of two courses of treatment.
I could not comprehend both. I was
obliged either to ignore the early village his-
tory or to neglect wholly that which has
been made within the last fifty years. I
trust you will agree with me that the prefer-
able plan was selected, however imperfectly
\t has been executed. The one would have
demanded hours of your attention, and even
then there could have been but the slightest
allusions to principal events. The other has,
at least, enabled us to glance at the
men and women who, through privation
and sacrifice, rendered our municipal
progress and prosperity possible The one
would have been like a canvass so crowded
with figures as to blend individuality into
indistinctness. The other presents certain
recognisable portraits. We honor all who
have contributed to the common weal, but,
in the valhalla of our worthies, the pioneers
must havf' precedence.

Nevertheless we cannot, amid these fes-
tivities, refrain from something of gratula-
tion over the half century march of events,
in the rear guard of which we are treading
to-day. We rejoice in our citisen-
ship. May we not as rightfully

rejoicts n it as does that citisenship which
derives its patent from the agora, the trib-
une, or the guildhall? Our patent was
handed to us by nature herself. As Mayor
Child said, in his inaugural address : ' 'The
' "men who felled the forest, that grew on.
' 'the spot where we are assembled, are
' 'sitting at the council board of our city : ' '
We are proud of the city which has been
developed along the lines which the fathers
traced Gratitude then, a« well as gratu-
lation, for the marvelous transformation,
wrought by man, under the favor of
God! Here is a city of over 100,000 in-
habitants, with a ratio of increase excelled
by only three other cities of the state,
ecjualled by no purely inland community east
of the AUeganies Rochester ranks as the
fourth city in New York — the twenty - first
in the United States. There are sixteen
wards, and there ought to be more. The
area is over 1 1, 000 acres. There are nearly
800 streets and alleys. From the little
school taught by Huldah Strong, in 1814,
over thirty free schools, the Free
Academy, and many select schools have
proceeded, and, crowning all, there is the
noble university where Dewey and Cutting
and Raymond aud Anderson and Kendrick
have taught, and the refining influence of
which upon our business, not less than upon
our professional life, has been as marked, as
beneficial. There are over seventy churches,

and here is a See of the Roman Catholic
communion. Through our streets, as the
red current through healthy bodies, flows
the purest water that can be drawn from the
crystal lake. From all directions, the iron
horse brings hither its tides of traffic and
of travel, and thus there is a larger
and a richer territory tributary to Rochester
than to any other city in the state, not upon
the sea board. Our streets are illuminated
by gas and electricity, all night and every
night. Our fire department is most eflS-
cient, and disastrous conflagrations are as
unknown as unexpected. Our health regu-
lations are of the most precise and impera-
tive charav^ter. Our flouring mills have, in-
deed, lost their undisputed pre-eminence,
and the Genesee country bows before the
multitudinous sheaves of Kansas and Da-
kota, but compensation is found in new in-
dustries stimulated by the water-power as
swift and as serviceable as it was sixty years
ago. We are justly distinguished for our
humane and charitable institutions — f or phi-
lanthropy is here a holy religious passion —
and although, as in all large communities,
there is the turbid under -current of vice and
crime, above it flows the mighty, yet unruf-
fled, volume of an exceptionally pure order
of morality. Beautiful, too, is Rochester
for situation, with the blue expanse of
the Ontario upon her northern border,
and the valley of the Genesee sweeping
away to the hills at the south, herself em-
bowered in foliage, and radiant as a bride
with the kisses of the dewy -lipped roses,
never fairer and more radiant than in this
lovely June tide, when she dons her gala
dress, spreads the feast for her sons and
daughters, and beams with smiles for her
guests within her gates. Not ungrateful is
she even as she thinks of the wintry blast,
and of the sudden changes of temperature
she sometimes experiences, for she knows,
with Emerson, that wherever snow falls
there civil liberty abides. Enjoying civil
and religious freedom she also provides at-
tractive homes, for nowhere do the poor
and rich alike have more ample grounds,
nearly every man with a door-yard as well
as a hearth- stone of his ov^n — no stifling
tenement houses, but room enough in which
to breathe, and to sat the flower-bed out-
side the window-sill, and to train the wood-
bine to the trellis. Here is ' 'rus in urbe. ' '
Grateful are we her sons for what
she is, grateful for what her sons
have here accomplished. Here Selah
Matthews, and Adams, and Newton, and
Boughton, and Benedict, and Huson, and
Darwin Smith, and Martindale, have made
eloquent plea, or administered the law
within her temples of justice Here Henry,
and Bradley, and Reid, and Hall, and Dean,
and Ely, and Whitbeck, and Gilkeson, have
practiced the healing art. Here the silver-

tongued Holley was the champion
of human rights. Here Morgan

won the meed of an original investigator.
Here Weed, and Dawson, and Butts, and
Carter, and Peshine Smith, and Allen,
have made and moulded public
opinion. Here ORielly achieved bis
laurels both in science and

in l-tters and we, who are pursuing the
track of history, on this anniver.-ary, cheer-
fully acknowledge our oblieations to him
whose torch of exploration has lighted the
way in which we follow. Here Scrantom,
whose devotion to local annals was as rapt,
as bis memory was tenacious, reproduc
ed the scenes of the long ago. with equal
vividness and greater permanence than pho-
tography fixes the image upon the sensitive
plate. Here Cuming and Whitehouse and
Lee and Fenny and James and Parker and
Yeomaus and Van Ingen and Bartlett have
broken the bread of life ; and from here, at
the behest of duty, they went forth, our best
and bravest, to challenge Death, and found
him, at the fiery front, on the lonely picket
line, in dreary hospital bed, in poisonous
prison pen — wherever war had placed his
grim and ghastly shape. They found him,
with courage high and honor unstained, and
we have woven our chaplets for them — for
the gallant Force and Ry n and Schoen, for
O'Rorke, our Bayard ''without fear and
without reproach, ' ' for all who fill a sol-
dier's grave and receive a patriot's desert.
Illustrious in the sons she has nurtured,
may Rochester be the fruitful mother of still
other children worthy of their heritage.

In that most exquisite picture of self-
renunciation, drawn by the hand of the
master, ' 'Sydney Carton, ' ' standing on the
guillotine, looks, in ecstaiic vision, over the
heads of the vengeful crowd, beyond the
tumult and intoxication of the Reign of
Terror, and beholds a beautiful city and
a brilliant people, arising from the
abyss, and struggling to be truly free.
He sees the calmer days of liberty with law,
the better days of peace and happiness to
come, and, thus comforted, he bows with-
out a murmur to the axe's stroke. So may
we, who soon shall pass away, salute the
coming days. Some of those who are now
in the fret of affairs may enter, in feebleness,
the vestibule of the twentieth century ; how
few may hope to see the centennial of our
city's oirth. What manner of men will the
men of that century be ? Wiser and better,
let us trust, chan are those of this century,
for we know that

' 'Life shall on and upward go ;
' ' The eternal step of progress beats
' ' To that threat anthem, cahn and slow,
' ' Which God repeats."

May we not be permitted, in our vision al-
so, to anticipate that day, through the lilt-
ing mists of the coming time 'i We see a

city of a quarter of a million people. Its
avenues are still lined with stately trees.
Its mansions are those of comfort, as well
as of affluence, and architectural ,
gew gaws have been discarded by
a cultivated taste. Its streets

are as light at night as by day. Invention
has annihilated space, and the air- ship is a
reality. Conversation is had, at will, with
' ' far Cathay. ' ' Life is prolonged far be-
yond the present span, and in rigid applica
tion of sauitary and hygienic requirements,
science has found the elixir of alchemy. A
great university opens wide its portals with
free instruction to all who enter. Upon the
foundation, which Abelard Reynolds laid in
1813, rises the gracious structure of the
Free Public Library. There is a better order
everywhere, a more abounding vitality, a
surer hope of the things that lie beyond, than
it is possible for us even to conceive, much
less to imagine. It is the newer age, and
the clearer light ; but, in faith, we salute
that better age We bid the newer genera-
tions glory in its warnith and cheer. We
stand afar off and hail that centennial hour.
We, who are about to die, salute it ; and
our prayer only is, knowing how, in the
order of nature we pass away and are for-
gotten, that some tender hand, searching
amid the moss -covered entablatures of the
past may find the half effaced inscriptions,
and learn that there were men and women
Avho, in 1884, tried honestly, if humbly, to
take some note of their city's progress, and
to transmit it to the coming century worthy,
at least, of its kindly welcome.

The quartette sang " To Thee, O, Country"
(words by Dr. O. W. Holmes, music by Julius
Eichlierg), and then the orator of the day,
Hon. George Raines, was announced. While
Mr Raines spoke the hall had become rather
dark by reason of the rain following outside.

THE ORATION BY HON. GEORGE RAINES.*

The true orator of the hour is the imperial city
whose fifty years we celebrate; at our feet lie her
ricli i-obes of green bound round with sheen of
Iilacid waters. She points us to her open ways
tliroiiRing with busy life; her schools for youth
crowned with a University cxuTiculum; her thea-
ters for popular amusement; her clanking machin-
ery; iier flags of spray fluttering in triumph above
the conquered waters escaping from brief impris
onment in mill and factory to seek the great lake;

* Hon. Oeorge Raines was born at Pultneyville,
N. Y., Nov. 10, 184(1; came to Rochester in ISS,");
graduated from the University, W(H>\ admitted to the
the Bar, 18(17; elected District-Attorney in the fall
of 1871, holdhig the office for two terms; elected
State Senator in the fall of 1877, serving one term.
Since then he has resumed the practice of his pro-
fession, Ijcing counted the most suct^essful criminal
lawyer in this part of the State. He is the fourth
son of Rev. .lolm and Mary Remington Riiines. His
mother's falhcr eauie to Canandaigua in 1798, set-
tling on what is still known as Remington Hill.
Rev. .John Raines, a well-known and respected
Methodist clergyman, came to Oanantlaigua in 1830,

to the princely palaces of the rich; to tlio tlioii-
sand homes of toilers in all th<^ arts of life in wiiich
fair women and l)rave men diir deep in tlie lied-
rock of conscience tlie foundation of true moral-
ity and patriotism for file Kcncratioiis of tlie fu-
ture; to hei- tribunals of .justice in wliicli the ritrlit
is measuicd to tlu! I'cople; to hei' body of officials,
adininisleriuf,' a {jovernnieut of liberty ri'fiulatcii
bylaw; to her crunches and cathedral, echoinfr
the solemn chant and te deuiu of the relisrion of
human eharity and of the holiness of sacrifice.

The triumphal i)rocessioii will lead no van<iuishcd
enemies but (^ai)tiv(^ hearts in its train on tlie mor-
i\)w. A fireat city, full of the treasures of art and
temples of learniiifr, full of patriotic traditions, full
of lii«h hopes and ambitions, sits in the sunlight of
a frreat victory (|uiekly Won to receiver homage of
the metroi)olis of the nation, which, like a ciiival-
rous knight, comes from af.ir If) honor the Queen
of the Genesee. We weave for posterity to look
u|)on, garlands of poetic tradition an<l of historical
truth and deck with tliem her temples throbbing
with ecstacy of pride.

" Who to co'umand fair Athens but one day,

Would not himself, with all his race, have fallen

Contented on the morrow V;'

Let church bells chime and cannon boom the
universal joy. Proud in every liber of her achieve-
ments of the past, which are liostages to the
future, we have to hide no traditional disgrace in
her civic liistory, either in court or cam]) ornumici-
pal council. We exalt t^e grand strains of our re-
joicing in honor at once of all the generation.-- that
have poured labors of h)ve into our victory in the
great rivalries of cities. Like a picture of wierd
improbability rises all the past before us. Tliick
forests and matted undergrowth shut us in to the
river edge. Strange noises of birds and animals of
prey set tlie echoes of the night ringing through
the outlying hills. The painted son of the forest
glides lazily along the waters, watching and won-
dering what will be the limits of the mill-site of
the i)ale-face. The matron from far Vermont
hills, or the slopes of the Hudson valley
w^atches the child playing among the stimi])s
at the entrince of the rough hewn log
house, and the strong hearted pione(!r swings a re-
sonant ax to ring torth the protest of humanity
against the cruelties of religii)us persecution. The
hamlet grows apace into the village, where the
solitary rider leaves a package of mail, or pauses a
day in the best room of the pioneer, to lift holy
prayer and read solemn service. The wagons,
nured as they bring tlie grains from the farms
about Canandalgua to this market, the corduroy
roads, the rude bridges, the causeway thrown ovt'r
the (Jenesee to join the waters of tlie Great Lakes
and of the Hudson ; the volunteer, patrolling the
shore of Lake Ontario, keeping lonely watch for
hostile craft from the North ; the mills rising upon
the cliffs of the Genesee ; the lumbering stages
sounding the horn along the Kidge ; the old horse
railroad to Carthage, all live in the picture drawn
by the eloquent historian of the day, as in the
myriad traditions of families and localities. Here
and there among us towers the form and undying
spirit of a pioneer soon to depart to join the pa.st.
How like the gods of Greece, they live in the
story of great achievement. They rose to the
height of heroic sacrifice for principle. Tiiey
drank the bitterest cups of human .suffermg.
They welcomed snow and ice, and wind
and tempest, perils of land and .sea,
as we do the dawn of morning and the dews of
evening. The civilization of tin; world may well
be said to be i ouude<l to its ton, when it makes men
like the American pioneer. It is one of otu' proud-
est thoughts in this liour that our loved city bears
the name of one of the grandest of those lion-
hearted heroes of liumanity. The Rochester whose
brawn and brain helped to carve from the wilder-
ness the forest home of our city, has left descend-
ants still in our midst who illustrate that true
virtue and knightly honor are the best inheritance
• of man's posterity. Whether we study their char-
acter when they fled the stifling air of Europe to

be free to worship a God of Truth, or when they
slew kingly forests and suhduedall nature, or when
they stood upon the field of Lexington or Saratoga,
orslipped in blood uiion the decks of American
piivateers. or when they realized in written laws
the world's liope of a new nation whose light
should shine as alieacon of jiure liberty to all peo-
ples, they still outrank the heroes of all wars, the
statesmen of all nations. They might sjjcak to us
the words of Solon:

"If I spared my country,
If gilded violence iind tyranic sway
Could iicn'er charm me, thence no shame accrues.
Still the mild honor of my name I boast.
And tind my Empire tliere."

As we look around us to-day upon the fewscarce
filling this platfoiin, of the men of the first quar-
ter cciitui-y of our growth, \\r look away to the
dotted hillside to which, when the city crowd(;d
upon the old cemeteries, the bones of the dead
were removed in honor.

"Time rolls his ceaseless course. The race of
yore
Who danced our infancy upon their knee
And told our marvelling boylioo<l legends store
Of theirstrange venture, hai)p'd on land and sea-
How are they blotted from the things that be ? "
With thtMTi sleep the true-li(^arted matrons of the
republic, whose memory will not permit silent rev-
erence. To-morrow a gentle matron who lingers
among the women of this generation as an inspira-
tion to high effiort to emulate! her noble character,
will li^ad the jieoplc in recogidtion of the proud
victories won by the children of lier and liei'
worthy compeers of the past. As th;; Vols<ian
army of Coriolaims was seen from the walls of
Kome to draw back conquered by the plea of tlie
matrons of Kome, the temple was opened, sacrifice
offered, and the S(!iiate did homage to woman, by
a decree that the consuls would see that what the
matrons of liome thought would contribute most
to their honor and satisfaction should be
done. The matrons of Home answered that
they only desired that A temple might
be built to the foriwir of (co/zif);, the expense to be
defrayed by women, in which the State should
maintain sacrifices and a solemn service suited to
the majesty of the Gods. The Senate ordered the
temple and shrine to be built at iniblic charge, but
the women contributed and set up therein a statue
of a goddess, whicli, tradition says, uttered these
words, " Oh, women ! most accepcable to the gods
is this your pious gift." Let the voice of the mul-
titude give acclaim to the wives of the pioneers,
the mothers of our genei'ation. The temple they
helped to build is the nation, cherishing \ii-tue, and
within its protection is enshrined the true fame of
the women of the republic. Great sufferers in
peace and in war, nevertheless they ever utter the
voice of ancient Volumnia as she approached
Coriolixnus, "If we can do nothing else we can ex-
pire at his feet in supplicating for Rome."

Hardly had the wheat of ()hio commenced to ar-
rive in Itochester liy canal, and a charter for a rail-
road been granted, when the proud village, picking
up the blunted axe of the pioneer and the worn-out
garments of its village infancy and youth, like a
youth at age, knocked at the doors of the
parent State and demanded its patrimony
of sovereignty. It asked chartered privi-
leges to deal with its estate rich in
manufacture and trade, and with the ten thousand
souls in its limits. Its people divided into i)arties
upon the absorbing question, but, the charter
granted, feasting and speeches upon the little
island ju.st above the falls celebrated the event.
Colonel Nathaniel Rochester having died a little
liefore, and Jonathan Child being elected Mayor,
we may pause a moment to repeat a toast of the
first banquet, responded to by the first mayor:
"The city, having lost its father, seeks protection
in the elder Child." Thenceforth the city grew in
all its parts, channels of trade deepened and multi-
plied. The best brain rose to the top of public life,
unselfish and able effort to advance municipal
growth was given by men who held public service

a Christian duty. They felt the sentiment of Solon,
who, when asked," What city was best modelled?"
answered, " That where those who are not injured,
are no less ready to prosecute offenders, than those
who are!" E. Darwin Smith, Gardiner and the
Seldens made tlie early bar famous through the
State, wliile Danfortli, Cogswell, Martindale, Angle
and Cochrane wrestled for the surrendered suprem-
acy in later days. Conspicuous to-day as on every
day of festive celebration, part of the do-
mestic life of this great city, a living ex-
emplar of the precepts of his master, a
white-haired veteran still lifts the curtain
of life's mystery in our midst and makes the name
of Shaw houseriold. 1 may not pause, without fear
of invidious comment, on this dav of review of our
growth and hopes, to select the master minds wno
nave organized great commercial enterprises. But
one citizen in the use of his vast fortune has mar-
shalled all the way they should go. Who does a
great action in peace should live in history beside
the chiefs of armies which have changed social des-
tinies. Who lifts a monument to high achievement
in letters, politics or art before the people of a city,
and thereby gives birth to loftier impulses and new
standards of attainment; who breathes over the
culture of an hundred thousand people the chaste
influence of the purest conception of the masters in
painting and sculpture, has done more than build
vast commercial enterprises. He has awakened
the human mind to sympathy with the beauti-
ful in nature and the good in humanity.

The dramas of suffering by vice and hate, of exal-
tation of life by goodness, love and truth, cut in
marble or painted on canvas by geniuses now dead,
draw all intellectual life to a liigher plane of cul-
ture and action A gallery of art is the Parthenon
of a city ; a parent of virtues in the living and a
glorious tradition in history.

A little aside from the center of the city in a
classic shade of elm and English oaks the unique
memorial of the life of a great man under his own
hand takes shape and permanence. He has not
desired the fame of a statesman, author or orator,
all easily achieved. Around him for thirty years
has centered the intellectual growths of the city
we love and of the villages of Western New York.
His pupils swell the ranks of every profession,
equip the faculties of schools, organize vast busi-
ness enterprises and are the thousand hands and
hearts and brains with which the solitary mind is
content to mould the generation he walks among
for future good. Stone upon stone he builds a just
fame to outlive the breath of eulogy. At morning
and eventide, with reverence of filial love, a whole
people led by his goodness and greatness of mind
and heart, his noble gift of a university to his fel-
lows, breathe the name of President Anderson.
When the generals of the army wrote upon the
billets of wood at the altar tlie names of the men
who had most achieved, each wrote his own name
first and that of Theniistocles second. To
Eurypidesin Sparta was given the prize of valor
and to Themistocles the i)rize of wisdom and the
crown of olives. Anderson is our Themistocles,

" Sage he stands.
With Atlantean slioulders fit to bear
The weight of mightiest monarchies; his look
Draws audience and attention still as night

Or summer's noon-tide air."

We point out these master minds of our city's
life and growtli to show that the (ionditions of our
time still admit of the production of great mvn.
Said Metternich, forty years ago, speaking of Eng-
land : " Woe to the country who.sc condition and
institutions no longer produce gi'eat men to man-
age its affairs." In tlic attempt to realize tlie full
measureof the gr()wtli attaincHJ and of the condi-
tion of future progress, we are led to study the
cities which have existed in history and borne a
part in impelling civilization to its prtisent advance-
ment. Not more surely does the marble and can-
vas imprison the genius of Pliideasand Ifembrandt,
and the written page picture fortli the highest
thought of a Cervantes and Ilacon, than do the
tablets of laws and public buiklings in their ruins

illustrate the habit of life, moral culture and ten-
dencies of ancient cities. They had their public
marts in which the products of the known world,
brougiit by vessel or caravan, were exchanged.
They were builded for security from attack in
fortresses provided by nature upon hillsides
and cliffs, and were compacted within walls
of stone defended by brazen gates. They
sprang up about the palace walls ot royalty to be
enriclied by its largess, or about some cathedral of
a century's growth to tax the piety of myriad pil-
grims to sustain their splendor. 'Phey grew rich
and powerful almost alone, at the mouths of great
rivers or at the harbors of tne seas, upon the front-
age of maritime commerce. They enjoyed sover-
eignty beyond their borders, received tribute of
subject peoples and made peace or war as nations
do now. The growtli of absolute power in kings
and the accretion of empires changed the condition
of cities of modern Europe. A few tradesmen as-
sembled in Guild Hall voted to the king the price
of a charter making their guild the body corporate
with the right to tax and rule their neighbors and
perpetuate their power by methods of self-election
now known as distinguishing close corporation.
They kept a soldiery to furnish to the use of the
king for defense or conquest as part of the price of
power. They had representatives as cities in the
councils of the king to consent or refuse the de-
mand of money to be drawn from the municipal
treasury, for support of royalty. They had a con-
tract, in the guise of charter or grant, by which the
franchise of the city abided in perpetuity with all
its obsolete, useless and burdensome privileges.

The American city is a unique and consummate
memorial of the changes wrouglit by the centuries
of toil and thought in commerce, population, and
social and political ideas. New dynasties of ideas
hold sway over new conditions of growth. Our
cities spring into life among the iiills where the
sources of great rivers part to course either way
across a continent, or the bowels of the earth are
torn open for hidden treasure, and in the valleys
where thunderous music of waterfalls overcomes
the outcry of multiplied machinery. They rise,
like the legendary tents of the weird army of ghosts
that beseiffed the walls of Prague in a night, where
the rumbling earth tells of the power of man to
join the mountains with steel and pass over tliem
upon the wings of the wind, but they linger after
many suns have scattered the pavihoned clouds of
the night. They sit like lazy deities of Midas-touch
amid the cloth of gold of vast prairie belts glisten-
ing in tlie harvest sun and wave welcome to the far
distant sails that tack through seas, rivers, and
lakes up to the granaries of the world. Unlike the
academies of old, no patent of nobility nor wealthy
patronage opens the halls of our scliools to the
ambitious student. The stamp of the image of the
Creator opens tlie approacli along the paths of
technical leaniing up the ascent to the rich discourse
of thetliouglit of great minds. The rudiments of
knowledge, the serene philosophy of Plato and
Hamiltfin, the rise and corruption of social sys-
tem.s, the surge of population, the philosophy of
history, the discoveries of continents, the canjns
of literature and art, the tongues of ancient and
modern nati(ms, the mysteries of outstretching
fields and wateis of earth, the greater harmonies
of nature i)y which planets, suns and cycling stars
composing one vast universe hold tlieir eternal
rounds in deference to a purpose that sweeps
through ages of wondrous evolution, all are
taught to exi)aud the conception of the mind, of
the duty and possibilities of man. A common
school system has drawn knowledge down from the
clouds to sit at tlie firesides of the people. Tlie
workman disputes with the master of scientific
inetlK/ds, for priority of inventinn in tlu! aiii)liaiices
of trades. He passes independent Judgnient upon
vagaries of leaders of thought. A generous rival-
ry in the attainment of absolute truth has set the
toiler free from the worsliip of the Fetich of dog-
ma and poured into the schools a tide of discov-
eries to stimulate new enquiry. Freedom of
thought has been the prolific parent of all the lib-
orties that dwell in social and pohtical forms.

No metes or bounds are set to man's stndy
of the reason of tilings. The plowshare of tolera-
tion has turned up to die the rooted prejudice of
centuries. Yet humility sits upon the brow of
thinkers as the knowledge that th(;y stumble in the
vestibule of creation teaches tliem the pos.sible
grandeur of the temple of the master mind, and
that the scroll written upon the stars is yet unread.
Knowledge and worship hand in hand bow in the
market-place and sanctuary, and speak in all the
forms of social, business and moral life of man's
moral accountability as a corollary of absolute
freedom. A living popular conscience, like; the
mills of the (jods. srrinds brazen immoralities un-
covered to the light. This enlarged moral si!iise
has mai-ked the cities of our time with charities to
which all churches arc tributary, and has fastened
upon municipal life duties of relief to the poor t)f
communities. Hospitals and homes of the poor, of
private and public maintcaance, ris(^ like a (u'oss by
the wayside to receive homage of the citizen as one
of the moralities of life. Later, but with quickened
force, this sense of human duty strikes off the
manacU^s of the prisoners, lets tli(; light of \)o\>ii
shine into the cells of criminals and builds a new
system of detention of child and man whom
society separates from itself by penal laws. In
this year of jubilee it attacks like an iconoclast the
mouldy cells, rotten timbers anfl charncl house'
damps of yonder jail, which a miserly economy has
cli(!rished too long.

Man in his individual condition and purposes
could not thus center the world's thought
without expanding his political relations
and fiekl of action. His advantage meas-
ures the limits of power and the condi-
tion.T of its exercise. Power is drawn down trom
the high places in which It was guarded and has
been scattered among the people as the true sov-
ereiiriis of nations. Multiplied forces of modern
civilization have turned and overturned the forms
of society until nothing abides but the dominant
will of citizenship, ascertained by means that dom-
inant will itself prescribes. Political forms have
gathered about seething thoughts of liljerty as the
mountains and continents about the molten fires of
earth. Jlere a mountain wall of constitutional
decr<;e of judicial power has been thrown up to
limit encroachments of government upon individual
liberty. There deep gullies guide rivers of revenue
to the defence of national integrity, while like
broad prairie lands between, lie myriad regulations
of social peace aud political convenience. Consti-
tntiotiS prescribe the general laws for large terri-
tories and place all functions of government
nearest the homes and lives of the people in the
dwellers in localities. A portion of sovereignt y is
allotted to them in which all bear a share. The
whole field ot controversies as to tlie i-ights of i)er-
sons or of property, public works, police regulation
of social order, the adjustment of burdens of tax-
ation, are remitted to the municipality aiul its citi-
zenship. The power to devise public measures, the
power to execute them, and the duty to recteive
tithings of the pet)ple are committed to distinct tU;-
partments of local offices, with varied cliecks to
intercept greed of power or of corrupt emolument .
Kvils may infest one department without corrupt-
ing the life-blood of others. The tendency to cen-
tralize resj)onsiliility in single heads of departments
k(!eps up with the tendency to distinguish depart-
ments, while overall, with vested power to enforce
in the administration of each the will of the com-
nuniity, is placed an officer whose discretion is the
safeguard of the general welfare. More direct and
servile obedience of officers to the people, more
sununary power of removal and ultimate recogni-
ti<m that public office is a public trust, is the strong
tendency in municipal life. Sophocles said, " Swift
in its marcli is evil counsel. The planning of
gigantic schemes of public taxation, swiftly ex-
ecuted and of doubtful propriety, has engrafted
on the constitution amendments to check the
rapacity of the officers of the people. Said
Straionicus facetiously : " T would order the
Athenians to have the conduct of mysteries and
processions ; the Eleans to preside in games, and

the Lacedemonians to be beaten if the others did
amiss." The taxpayer has given over the Lace-
demonian part to the official, and taught him the
virtue of integrity and economy. Thus far we have
been content to note the forms of our life con-
trasted with those produced by different condi-
tions. We have mentioned the conspicuous
changes in the physical and political growth
of <mr city, and souglit to note the moving spirit
an<l tendencies of our time ; but written laws
are the mere arteries of the body politic in wnich
flows the life blood of citizenship. Around us
are an humirt^d thousand men and women who
liave shared the struggles and burdens of fifty
years of history. Tlu^y are not girt with walls of
class distincti(jn; with lines of nationality, or bar-
riers of sect. Togisther as one people, with
similar language and customs, passions and hopes,
they have toiled to build an American city. They
have shared adversity in financial panic: have
faced blood and pestilence, and sat
together within the sanctnary of the
living God. They have given to fire-
stricken sister cities of the overflow o.J their
wealth; to famine stricken foreigners their bounty,
and to lovers of liberty in all lands, money and
arms to strike at tyranny. They have welcomed
Lafayette, have heard the eloquent voice of Web-
ster, and bowed with grief as the bier of great
Henry Clay, moved on to its Kentucky rest,
throtigh the streets of the city. The maimed vet-
erans of ISLi and of the Mexican battles of 1847,like
fragments of a mighty vessel wrecked in a storm,
have been thrown up at their doors to receive
shelter. They have heard the lips of Seward de-
clare the strife of the ^ages was again joined be-
tween great civilizations seeking to master our con-
tinent. They watched the picket lines of liberty
driven in by border ruffians upon the far plains of
Kansas, and caught the hand of the fugitive from
the house of bondage, whose creaking hinges
smote against the heavens with the awful appeal
to the sword of eternal justice. Thev saw the
smoke curl up from Moultries iron mouths, and
their quivering hearts, seized by the whirling ele-
ments God's wrath had unloosed, answered to
Moultries flame, " With life and honor on the al-
tar of country, we march to ui)hold the imperilled
flag." They picketed and bivtmacked, tliey marched
along the swamp and builded bridges, they dug in
the trenches and drew the cannon into place,
they burnished the bayonet and wiped the
sword, they kissed the Bible of mother
gift and wrote a brief line of farewell. They de-
filed in the early sunlight upon the plains of An-
tietam, along the Ohicahominny, before Freder-
icksburg, and uijon the crest wave of war rode
triumphant to death at (iettysburgh. They sang
the battle hymn, "His Soul is Marching On," at
Cold Harbor and Spottsylvania, and amid the
throng that watched the truce flags of Appomat-
tox pass to and fro, while the seal of eternal
truth was traced by the sword of the living God
upon the emancipatiim prochunation, stood the
living sons of our loyal city. They marched with
the battered veterans of the South and West, with
the heroes of Shiloh and Vicksburg, with arms
and uniforms rusted and stained, in the great
spectacle of American history down Pennsylvania
avenue. They lingered but a little to rest, and
regiment upon regiment rolled in upon our homes
brmging visions of honor and glory earned by
priceless sacrifice. Some came not with them.
Their names are memorials of patriotism to all
times. Yonder hills hold up to heaven their deeds
inscribed on stone. Their names are upon the
rolls of immortality. Their chieftain, great, good,
of imperishable fame on earth, the martyred Lin-
coln, marslials the Union dead he loved and pitied
along the battlement of a great city which is filled
with a voice saying "Ye are my well beloved." Who
shall say that a city whose history is so replete with
honorable achievement in five decades shall not
vaunt itself upon its citizenship. If you would
find the valor of Thermopylae, the constancy of
the old Guard, the endurance of the soldier that
guarded the retreat from frozen Moscow, the stub-

born loyalty of the army of tlie great Frederick
surpassed, lift the shadows of the past from the
battle fields of the Kepubllc stiffened with blood
and littered with death, and people them again
with the Grand Army of the Union. Speak life to
the bones of O'Rourke, Sullivan and Ryan, that
they may show how grandly patriots die. In this
hour of our .iubilee let this proud city thrill in every
fiber with the memories of her sons living and
dead. Let her to her sons and daughters of the
future say : " You may rival in labors but not in
achievment, my children, whose names I have
written on the deathless scroll of
patriotism." To you, my fellow citizens,
comes the appeal of all who have
honored the past of this city to carry their fame
and that of the city as a sacred legacy to posterity
unstained by avarice, by breach of public trust or
private duty, broadening and deepening the cur-
rent of municipal life to enrich the hearts and lives
of all her people. Cherish the school, the church,
the purity of her government, and honor the un-
selfish labor of her chief citizens to advance her
material and intellectual growth. When the cen-
tennial of our city dawns let it find the way of her
advance still full of honor, her citizenship pure,
patriotic and vigorous, her glory sustained and as-
sured to all generations.

" To the sages who spoke, to the heroes who bled,
To the day and the deed strike the harp-string of
glory ;
Let the songs of the ransomed remember the dead,
And the tongue of the eloquent hallow the story;
O'er the bones of the bold be the story long told.
And on fame's golden tablets their triumphs en-
rolled.
Who on freedom's green hills freedom's banner un-
furled.
And the beacon fire raised that gave light to the
world."

"The Cxolden Year" (words by Tennyson,
music by Henry Leslie) was sung by the quar-
tette, and Rev. Joseph Alien Ely delivered the
poem, as follows:

Kocliester.

1812- 1SS4.

BY HEV. .lOSEPH AI.LKN ELY.=

Out of the forest sprung

City of ours !
Fondly thou dwell'st among
Trees that with thee were young.
Now be thy praises snug,

City of flowers 1

O'er thee no castle walls

Proudly look down;
No mythic glor> falls,
No storied past entliniUs,
Marble nor hronze re»;alls

Ancient renown.

Yet on the traveller's thought,

Where'er he roams.
O'er lands where art hath wrought,
Lands with all memories fraught.
Thine image comes unsought

City of homes !

Beauteous thy vale of old.
Fair (ienesee 1 1

* Rev. .Joseph .\llen Ely was horn in Rochester, in
18415; graduated from the University of Rochester,
IStili; graduated from the Roeliester Theological Sem-
inary, IHTO; pastor of the Congregational church at
Oraiige Valley, N. .1., from IHKi to December, 18H3.

1 The Indian name for (ienesee was Gen nis-he-yo
meaning the beautiful valley. Morgan's League of
the Iroquois.

Down from the mountains rolled,
Bearing the manifold
Wealth of the harvest gold.
Onward with thee.

Hovering on snowy wings

O'er the rock's crest,
Strength of thy gathered springs,
Down thy swift current flings.
Then, with soft murmurings.

Glides to its rest.

Hidden thy charms from view.

Unheard thy roar.
Winding the forest through
Long ere the city grew.
Long ere the light canoe

Pushed from the shore :

We are of yesterday,

Dateless thy tide:
Men, like the drops of spray
Born of the cataract's play,
Glisten and pass away,

Thou dost abide.

Amid your choirs of green.

Sing all ye birds I
Sing what your eyes have seen.
Nestling the leaves between.
All that your thoughts have been.

Songs without words.

Songs which the redman heard

And understood;
Paused, for his heart was stirred.
Ere the swift arrow whirred,
Iiself another bird.

Born of the wood.

Sweet to his ear at morn

Came yoin- glad tone.
When, through the ripening corn.
Passed, like a wail forlorn
Of the Great Spirit born.

The wind's low moan.*

Sweet in the lonely night

To him your lay,
When, from the watch fire bright,
The trembling sparks of light
Held to the forest height

Their silent way.

Often that ranger wild

By grove and stream,
He, too, a forest child,
Grew in his fierceness mild.
So by your strains beguiled

As by a dream.

Mid sterner cries that woke

Thoughts in his heart;
Floixls o'er the cliffs that broke,
CrashiogK of mighty oak,
Skies that in thunder spoke,

Ye had your part.

E'en to the savage breast,

Yoiu' notes were dear.
For he, too, might be blessed.
Tossed between toil and rest,
And lightened or oppressed

By hope or fear.

' The Iroquois called the corn, the beans and the
squash, oi'K i.ipio, or our supi-okteks, and they be-
lieved that the care of eacli was entrusted to a
sepaiiite spiiit There is a legend in relation to
com that ii was originally of easy cultivation and
yielded abundantly. The Evil nunded, envious of
ibis great gift, to man, went forth into the fields and
spread over it a laiiversal blight Since then it has
been harder to cultivate and yields less abundanily.
Wlien the rustling wind waves the corn leaves witii
a moatnng sound, the pious Indian fancies that he
hears the si)irit of the corn bemoaning in compas-
sion her blighted fruitfuluess.— Morgan.

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rM#^^ «1-^ €>-a- a it-

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And when his soul, let free.

Would soar on high,
He set at lilverty
A captive l)ir(l to be
His spirifs win^ to thee

Thou distant sky.*

Then when the pioneer,

Weary and lone.
Built his log cabin here,
(iirt by the forest fear,
Yours was the welcome cheer

Of voices known.

Round him were all things new :

The red faced throng ;
IMen wild and strange to view.
Strange ni their speech ; but you,
Vou from the old he knew,

And knew vour song.

Oft had he heard your strain

lu lands lovei best.
Joyed now to hear again
Still the old sweet refrain.
Here, too. unchanged remain.

Far in the west.

Forests have passed away.

And, where they stood.
Stretch in their bright array
Hamlet and town to-day.
Fields with the winds at play,

A mimic wood.

O birds do ye not know,

Above our strife.
What clianges pass below.
What surgings to and fro.
As on the swift waves flow

Of human life 1

Where those few structures rude,

The settler's care.
Huddled, a little brood.
Mid the vast solitude.
Now, in its pride, is viewed

A city fair.

But ye, light-hearted race,

Free as the air,
Bound to no dwelling place.
Your home the romid of space,
Who pass and leave no trace.

Ye are still there.

Changing, the permanent:

Fixed is the free;
When, from the firmament.
Stars plunge in swift descent,
Melts every element.

We shall still be.

On through the fleeting years

Man shall abide.
With the same hopes and fears.
Still the same joys and tears.
Though all the earth appaars

New at his side.

Not on the wave that flies

Build we secure ;
Dei-p from within must rise
Strength which all change defies.
Manhood alone supplies

What shall endure.

Founders of older worth.

Builders of Rome,
Brought from thf'ir land of birth
Each his own clump of earth.
Dug from the family hearth.

To the new home.

* A beautiful custom prevailed in ancient times
among the Iroquois of capturing a bird and freeing
it over the grave on the evening of the burial, to
bear away the spirit to its heavenly rest.— Morgan.

Came thus, the land to bless.

Closed in the clods.
Pledged to the work's success,
(iuardiau'* of happiness.
Refuge in all distress.

The ancestral gods.

On the new altar dwelt

All the old fires.
Round it the children knelt.
To it their homage dealt.
In it the presence felt

Still of their sires.*

So were they girt around

Who builded here:
Here, too, was native ground.
Here, too, might home be found.
Anthem and i)salm resound

By altars dear.

Lived their loved East again

Here in the West,
Borne by heroic men
Through river, lake and glen.
Mid the wdd forest, then.

Seeking its rest.

Long may the city's fame

Honor their worth.
Long, where the fathers came.
Children their praise proclaim.
Bearing a noble name

Wide through the earth.

SPEECHES BY VISITINO MAYORS.

When the last strains of the much -admired
"Festival Hymu"+ (music composed expressly
for the occasion by Professor Albert Sartori)
had died away, Mayor Parsons introduced

' In the foundation of Rome Romulus dug a small
trench of a circular form and threw into it a clod of
earih which he had brought from the city of Alba.
Then each of his companions threw in a little earth
which he had brou-rht from the country from which
he had come. Their religion forbade them to quit the
land where the family hearth had been established
and where their ancestors reposed. It was necessary
then, in order to be free from all impiety,t hat each of
these men should carry with him, under the symbol of
a clod of earth, the sacred soil where his ancestors
were buried and to which their manes were at-
tached. A man could not quit his dwelling place with-
out taking with him his .soil and his ancestors,sothat
he might say, in pointing out the new place which
he had adopted: This is still the land of my fathers;
here is my country, for here are the manes of my
family.— De Conlanges' The Ancient City.

t The poem by S. F. Smith, author of the words
of "America," were as follows :

God ever glorious !

Sovereign of nations.

Waving the banner of Peace o'er the land;

Thine is the victory.

Thine the salvation.

Strong to deliver.

Own we thy hand.

Still may thy blessing rest.

Father most Holy.

Over each mountain, rock, river and shore;

Sing Hallelujah I

Shout in Hosannas !

God keep our covuitry

Free evermore.

Mayor Low, who was received with applause
and three cheers, and who spoke as follows :

Mr. Mayor and citizens of Rochester:- -I wish to
cordiallythank you for the kind invitation you ex-
tended me to be present on tliis occasion, and the
hearty welcome I have met. I think it is highly
proper that, at a time like tliis, the city of Brook-
lyn should send Rochester a congratulatory mes-
sage, as very few of you probably realize how near
these two cities came to being twin sisters, for
Brooklyn received her charter from the same leg-
islature as did Rochester, only the former's was se-
cured April 8, 1834, while yours was received in the
June following. This difference in the age of the
two cities, you can easily observe by looking at the
two present Mayors, as Brooklyn, you will see, is
somewhat stricken in years. The government of
Brooklyn has not adopted any resolutions regarding
your celebration, but the 650,000 inhabitants of that
city through me extend their hearty congratulations
and wish you .joy in your celebration and prosper-
ity in all yoiu" futm-e history.

Mayor Smith, who was also received in a
most hearty manner, addressed the audience as
follows:

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: I am here
to-day out of compliance with an invitation extend-
ed me some time since to attend your semi-centen-
nial celebration as a city. Though older perhaps
in years than my associate Mayors here, I am nev-
ertheless young in the capacity of Mayor, though
allow me to state that I am Mayor of a city which
last year celebrated her 2(X)th anniversary as a city.
But I claim the superiority here in age, and shall,
therefore, take charge of these two younger May-
ors, and I promise you that during the next two
days Brooklyn and Rochester shall behave better
than ever before. I am here in the simple capacity
of a friendly visitor, and trust that celebrations like
this will serve to make a stronger bond of sympa-
thy and friendly feeling between the various cities
of the United States. I can assure you that Phila-
delphians send you greeting, and we all wish you a
hearty God-speed, and wish you greater success, if
possible, in the futiu'e than in the past.

The audience next joined in the singing of
the national hynm, •' America," with band ac-
companiment, and was finally dismissed with a
benediction pronounced by Rev. Dr. H. C.
Riggs.

The Fire Works.

It was estimated that when the display of
fireworks begun, at the Driving Park, on
Monday evening at 8:15 o'clock, there were
between 25,000 and 30,000 people on the
grounds. The temperature had suddenly
been reduced during the day from S'2 to 50
degrees, and with a cutting north-east wind
blowing in from Lake ( Intario, the experience
of those present was a novel one for this
season of the jear. Those who brought their
overcoats and wraps were in luck, although
even with these cold-weather comforts there
was much suffering. Umbrellas, brought for
use in the event of rain, were freely used to
ward off the cold. The Brush Electric Light
Comp.iny had provided a number of lamps
to light up the gloom before the programme
was commenced and after it was concluded.
The admission to the park was free, and
seats in the grand stand were reserved for
children accompanied by their parents and

friends. The Fifty-Fourth Regiment Baud
rendered tbe following musical programme
during the evening, besides playing "Auld
Lang Syne" when Mayor Child's portrait was
given, and " For He's a Jolly Good Fellow"
as soon as Mayor Parsons' finely defined
physiognomy appeared drawn with lines of
fire :

1. Grand March.

2. Overture. Jolly Fellows Stippe.

3. Selection. Beggar Student, Millocker.

4. Waltz. My Queen, Farbcwh.

5. Trombone Solo. Sig. Mellina Swartz.

6. Cavalry Camp Serenade Downing.

7. Reveille, Swartz.

8. Barn Yard Galop, Downing.

The display, under the personal supervision
of James Palmer's sous, consisted of the fol-
lowing pieces :

No.
No.

No.

1. — Salute of fifty aerial maroons.

2.— Illumination of park and building by 100

large colored illuminations.
3. — Ascension of two firework baloons, one
nine feet in height, symbolical of Rochester
in 1834, one twenty-four feet in height, of
Rochester in 18S4, bearing a brilliant mag-
nesium light and carrying fireworks of many
colors.

No. 4.—" Welcome to Our City's Guests," ter-
minating with colored rosettes and colored
flres.
5.— Jewel Cloud, produced by a simultaneous
discharge of one dozen six-inch .shells con-
taining stars of every color.
6. — Ascent of one dozen parachute rockets,
which while floating in mid-air continually
change color.
7.— Flight of fiery pigeons to and fro from their

cots.
S. — Battery of saucissions.

9. — Discharge of four asteroid shells, each lib-
erating six parachutes.

No. 10— Fire portrait, 15x25, "Our First Mayor,
Jonathan Child," ending with a batteiy
finish.

No. 11 -Grand display of twenty shells.

No. 12 — Ascent of twenty-four four pound rock-
ets, with combination colors.

No. 13— Flight of one dozen " Devils among the
tailors."

No. 14— Large revolving device.

No. 15 — Simultaneous display of 1(X) rockets.

No. l(i— Discharge of eight-inch shells.

No. 17 — Flight of one dozen twin asteroids.

No. 18— Bouquet of 200 rockets.

No. 19— Fire portrait, 15x25 feet, " Our Present
Mayor, Hon. C. R. Pai-sons."

No. 20— Spangle cloud, produced by the simulta-
neous discharge of thirty large shells.

No. 21— Flight of 100 colored rockets.

No. 22 — Grand contra, quadruple, revolving wheel,
sixteen feet in diameter, in four mutations.

No. 23— Discharge of eight parachute shells, each
liberating six parachutes.

No. 24— Grand battery of saucissions.

No. 25— Discharge of 200 large rockets.

No. 20— Polka fantasia.

No. 27 — Golden cloud, (produced by the simultaneous
discharge of twenty shells.

No. 28— Grand bouquet of 5IK) rockets, covering an
arch in space, with variegated gems.

No. 29 — Three ring performance.

No. 30— Grand salvo of shells in rapid succession;
twelve 3>ij inch shells, twelve A}4 inch
shells, twelve 6 inch shells, twelve 8 inch
shells.

No. 31— Grand finale, 40x100 feet, emblematic of the
prosperity of Rochester, consisting of a
large locomotive and tender, coach and
freight car, loaded with general merchan-

dise. Underneath and stretching along the
whole piece were the words " Our City's
I'msperity;" Haiikiug the central piece were
words "Klmir City, 1S;«, .Tune 9, 18SJ,"
both inclosed in ovals of golilen lace work,
with columns of brilliant fire, surniouuted
by the American flag, terminating with the
grand Genesee cascade of silver fire.

No. 32— Discharge of 1,000 rockets, producing a
magnificent aerial boucjuet.

No. 33— Grand feu de joie.

Tuesday's Festivities.

Tuesday, the second and greatest day of the
celebration, was ushered in with leaden skies
and promise of rain. The air was chilly, there
was a cold north-east wind, and the streets were
in muddy condition. Despite this, hovvevei-,
every train entering the city brought hundreds
of people, and by noon the streets were filled to
overflowing. Business was done only in the
morning, every industry ceasing at noon. Tlie
afteruoon newspapers issued l)ut one edition.
All the morning military and civic bodies par-
aded the streets, escorting visiting organiza-
tions fnjui the trains, and preparing for the
afternoon parade. At several different times
dunng the day a light rain fell, but it in no way
marred the pleasuie of the day.

THE governor's RECEPTION.

At 9:30 o'clock in the morning distinguished
guests from New York and Albany', ari'ived in
a special car at the Central station and were
received by Mayor I'arsons and members of the
reception committee. The party consisted of
Governor Grover Cleveland and the follov\ ing
staff officers: (4eneral A. Lathrop, (renerai
J. G. Farusworth, Adjutant General; General
D. D. Bryant, General Charles E. Robbius,
General B. C. Rich, Inspector General Phillip
Briggs, Colonel Chas. Utley, Colonel Wm. R.
Cassidy, Colonel Rol)ert Townsend ; Mayor
Franklin Edsou, of New York, and his private
secretary, Win. E. Lucas. The military escort
was under conunand of Marshal F. A. Scho-
effel, and consisted of a detachment of police in
charge of Lieutenant Davis, the 54th Regiment
band, Captain Henderson's Stli separate com-
pany. Powers" Rifles with drill corps, Lincoln
Guards with Lincoln band, Greenieaf. Guards
and Flower City Zouaves. These organizations
were drawn up in line in front of the depot and
stood at present arms while the Goveruoi- en-
tered the leading carriage, which was drawn
by foiu- horses. The party was driven to the
Powers Hotel, where Mayor Paisons formally
waslcomed the Governor in the following words :

Governor Cleveland :— The city of Rochester
has completed the fiftieth year of its existence, and
the opening day of a second half century most au-
spiciously begins. The futiu-e is full of bright
promise, and to oiu- people the occasion is one of
great interest. Two years ago it was my pleasui-e
to accept an invitation from the citizens of Buffalo
to participate with them in the celebration of their
city's semi-centennial anniversary. At that time
you were its honored chief magistrate. I well re-
member the enthusiasm that everywhere prevailed
and the just cause your people had for rejoicing.
Since then you have been called to a higher field of
action. But we know that you have not lost your
interest in municipal affairs. Under all these cir-
cumstances it is most fitting, and to us cause of

gratification also, that you should he present to-day
and ])articipate with us in oiu* festivities. The
event is ftiost notable. To have as our gue.st the
distinguished Governor of the Empire State, and
the chief magistrates vf the three greatest cities of
the Union— the peerless Metropolis, and the cities of
Brotherly Love and of Churches, and a score of
others i-epreseutiiig many of the prominent places
of the United States and of the neighboring and
friendly province of ( >ntario, over who.se subjects
the good Queen Victoria holds her sovereign sway,
makes this a notable event.

But I will not detain you. To you and to all let
me say, accept the thanks of this grateful conunu-
nity, "who so thoroughly appreciate this visit and in
whose behalf 1 repeat welcome, thrice welcome to
Rochester.

Governor Cleveland responded as follows:

Mayor,— I thank you for the pleasure you have
given me liy this cordial welcome. It recalls to my
nuiid the days when 1 was connected witli muni-
cii)al government, which T shall never forget. No
offices are more honoral)le or greater. The pros-
perity of the cities I hold to be an earnest of the
prosperity of the state. Tt is well for the citizens of
Rocliester to celebrate this day. It can have but
one effect, that is to create a greater interest in the
institutions and welfare of every city and to insijire
all your citizens to an earnest determination to do
•all in their power to increase the prosperity and in-
fluence of Rochester. Again 1 am glad to tiiank
you, i^lr. Mayor, and aU the citizens of this city, for
the welcome here extended.

At the dinner soon after the arrival of the
guests, Mayor Edson of New York was called
upon. In response he said:

Mr. Mayor and gentlemen of Rochester— On be-
half of the citizens of New York it gives me great
pleasure to acknowledge the hearty greetmg ex-
tended here to me as their representative. 1 cou-
giatulate the city on her arrival at the middle point
of her life. Pei'liaps I auj w rong in saying the mid-
dle i)oint for it is proliable that your city is now only
in its infancy, and it will continue to grow and pros-
per for nuiny years to come. I can well remember
the first time 1 came to Rochester. The city ci^uld
then almost be sin-veyed from the platform of the
car, but to-day it extends on every side far beyond
the range of vision. It has become the (lueeu of
the twenty-five cities of the state of New York. Al-
low me again, gentlemen, to tliank you for the cor-
ilial greeting extended to the city of New Y'ork.

THE PARADE.

The jjarade, the crowning event of the day,
showing the wealth of the city in civic, mili-
tary, fire and other oi'ganizations and business
industries, was witnessed liy thousands of peo-
ple who had assembled on both sides of the line of
march. Desirable windows sold at a high price,
and all available lamp posts and electric light
poles were occupied by the small boy. Fifty
special policemen were sworn in to keep order
during the parade. One hundred and eighty
organizations had been invited to participate,
and all with the exception of the Masonic bod-
ies and two or three others responded. The
head of the processioti started from the Liberty
pole on Main street shortly before three o'clock,
passing through the following streets: Main to
North Clinton, Franklin, Central avenue to
State, Church, Sophia to Allen, through p]liza-
beth to West Main, passing in review before
Governor Cleveland and other officials at the
Court House, continuing through Main and
East avenue to Meigs street, to Monroe avenue,
to N(^w York State Arsenal, where the column
was dismissed.

As the procession passed through Church
street, the Governor was cheered by the schol -

ai-s of the public schools, numbering 6,000
massed on that street in charge of their teach-
ers, and under the command of Marshal P. M.
Thrasher. The quotas furnished by the differ-
ent schools were:

Rochester Free Academy, 150 pupils, Professor Z.
P. Taylor, commanding: No. 1, 100 pupils, C. E.
Pugh, commanding : No. 2, 300 pupils, E. A. C.
Hayes, commanding; No. 3. 300 pupils, James M.
Cook, commanding; No. 4, 400 pupils. S. C. Pierce,
commanding; No. 5, 300 pupils, N. C. Parshall, com-
manding; No. 6, 540 pupils, J. L. Townsend, com-
manding; No. 7, aOO pupils, A. M. Lowry, com-
manding; No. 8. 80 pupils, L. M. Daniels, command-
ing; No. 9, 350 pupils, L. R. Sexton, commanding;
No. 10. 3.50 pupils, V. M. Colvin, commanding; No.
11. 2:M pupils, M. A. Hayden, commanding; No. 12.
:j!)0 pupils, W. H. Bosworth, commanding; No. 13,
.300 pupils, A. G. Knapp, conunanding; No. 14, 400
pupils, ,1. G. Allen, commanding; No. 15, 560 pupils,
J. W. O.sborn, commanding; No. 16, 300 pupils, L.
A. McGonegal. commanding; No. 17, 400 pupils, G.
H. Waldon, commanding: No. 18, ,500 pupils, S. Shel-
don, commanding; No. HI, 1.50 pupils, M. E. West-
fall, conunanding; No. 20, .300 pupils, D. Curtice,
commanding; No. 31, 100 pupils, E. A. Kirvin, com-
manding; No. 22, 120 pupils, S. A. Havill, command-
ing; No; 23, 135 pupils, E. A. Jewett, commanding;
No. 24, 175 pupils, N. F. Cornell, commanding; No.
25, 80 pupils, Z. M. Brown, conunanding: No. 26, 300
pupils, E. L. Carter, conunanding; No. 27, 250 pupils,
J. Utley, commanding.

Upon arriving at the grand stand in front of
the Court House the Grovernor and staff. Mayor
Parsons and the guests from abroad who head-
ed the parade, took seats, where they reviewed
the procession. Among the guests were ex-
Mayor Booth, of Brooklyn, Mayor Flood, of
Elmira, and Mayor Wheeler, of Auburn. It
was over four miles long, taking two hours and
five minutes to pass the grand stand and was
composed of the following organizations :

FIRST DIVISION.

Escort— Detachment mounted police, Captain

William Keith, commanding; 12 men.
Police on foot, Captain -J. P. Cleary, command-
ing; 54 men.
General J. A. Koynolds, chief marshal ; S. C.
Pierce, adjutant-general and chief of
staff; Charles S. Williams, assist-
ant adjutant-general.

Aids— General W. H. Benjamin,* Theron E. Par-
sons, H. S. Greenleat, William Emerson, Fred-
erick C )ok. H L. Achilles, Henry Brinker,
C. H. Babcock. W. F. Brown. Maurice Ley-
den, H. B. Hathaway, A. H. Bruman, Geo.
J. Oaks,* Dr. B. L. Hovey, J. W. Casey,
E. T. Curtis, J. A. Adlington, George
W. Elliott,* Horace L. Brewster, J.
W. Rosenthal, H. H. Pyott, .1. W.
Hannan,* Henry L. Lemport.lR.
H. Schooley, -T. E. Morey, jr.;*
Col. F. Miller, I. D. Mar-
shall,' Dr. R. H. Curran,
Walter B. Duffy,* D.
S. Barber.
General John H. McMahon. marshal.

Aids— H. S. Greenleaf. chief of staff; A. L. Mab-
bett, adjutant-general; I. F. Quinby, rjuartor-
master; I..ouis Ernst,t engineer: F. B.
Hutchinson, commissary; J. A. P. Wal-
ters, ordnance officer; W. H. Ben-
jamin, paymaster; R. H. Schoo-
ley, judge advocate; B. L. Hov-
ey, t surgeon ; L. T. Foote,
chaplain; .John Cawthra,
mustering officer; Myron
Adams, signal officer.

Aides-de-camp— T. E. Parsons,! S. P. Williams, Dr.
J. W. Casey, t Daniel Schout, Dr. E. W. Earle,
M. Shannon, Alfred Elwood, Charles Gert-
ner, W. G. Martens, t Dr. F. Wayland
Brown, Law S. Gibson, t Anthony
Walter, James Gosncll.AVilliam
Keith, t James Plunkett. Joliu
Johnsf)n, James O'Neil,
Dr. O'Neil, Dr. Richard
Curran, t John Rusch.t
A. G. Newton, Al-
bert Strong, W.
H. Clague.
54th Regiment band.
Old 13th New York volunteers. Colonel F. A.

Scliooffel commanding, twnnty-four men.
8th New York cavalry, (;a.pt. William H. Stickle-

raeyer, commanding; 44 nicui.
Battery L, 1st New York light artillery, George S.

Burke, commaiiding; 15 men.

Sons of Veterans, camp number 6, Colonel C. A.

Glidden, commanding; 30 men.

Tony Walter's Martial Band.

O'Rourko post, number 1, G. A. R., Egbert Hoeks-

tra, P. C, commanding; 105 men.
Pelssner post, number 106, O. A. R., Jacob Augus-
tine, P. C, commanding; 48 men,
E. G. Marshall post, number 303, G. A. R., J. E.
Austin, senior vice-ccmmandor, command-
ing; 50 men.
8th Separate company, N. G., S. N. Y., Cai)taln H.
B. Henderson, commanding; 64 men.

* Appointed, but did not serve.

t Appointed, but served on other staffs.

SECOND DIVISION.

Major I. F. Force, marshal.

Aids— Captain James Hutchinson, Major C. H.

Yost, W. G. Martens, W. F. Kolmetz, Dr.

H. F. Williams, F. W. Hawley,

G. R. McChesnoy. William Sackett.

Lincoln Band.

Rochester Cadets and thuir guests, the Buffalo

City Cadet corps; 58 men.

Greenleaf Guards; .38 men.

Lincoln Guards; ;32 men.

Emmet Guards ; 22 men.

Independent Martial Band.

Powers Rifles; 32 men.

Florence Cadet cori>s; 33 men.

Flower City Zouaves; 38 men.

THIRD DIVISION.

Colonel S. S. Eddyi marshal.

Aids— J. M. Leonard, J.W. Stebbins, Miles Upton*

Benjamin Haag, George H. Harris,* Frank

W. Page, James B. Cady, H. M.

Webb, S. D. Richardson,

J. E. Lovecraft.*

Palmyra Cornet Band.

Mount Hope encampment, number 2, L O. O. F. ;

25 men.

Genesee lodge, number 3; 22 men.

Teoronto lodge, number 8; .50 men.

Rochester City lodge, nnmbcr 66; 53 men.

Humboldt lodge, number 138.

Orient lodge, number 273; 20 men. •

Floral lodge, number 281; 40 men.

John G. Klinck lodge, number 378; 43 men.

Temple lodge, number 412; 30 men.

Aurora lodge, number 429; 40 men.

FOTfRTH DIVISION.

Colonel J. J. Schuolor, marshal.

Sutton's Naples band.

Aids— J. K. Burke, Patrick Cooper, John Ra"ber,

Cooper Fromm. < harles Siebert, John P. Smith,

Johu J. A. Burke, M. I)., John Hilbert,

Charles A. Armbruster, Timothy

Casey, Leo Sander

Aides-de-Camp— P. X. Foery, William Huddy,

Michael Ehrstein.

Roman Catholic TJniformdd union; 40 mon.
St. Mauritius ftermaiii Catholic union, .Joh(|[)1i

Hea.sliiit,'er, comniandi^r; 61 men.
Knights of St. Goorgo, M. Kolb, commander; 80

men.
St. Leopold union, George Foehuer, commander;

29 men.

Knights of St. Eustace, A. C. Harold, commander;

28 men.
St. Boniface German Catholic union, A. Pappert,

commander; 30 men.
SS. Peter and Paul's union, H. J. Forster, com-
mander; 24 men.
Knights of St. Louis, J. Martin, commander; 26

men.
Knights of St. Patrick, Thomas Pearco, com-
mander; 20 men.
Knights of St. John, Geo. Trott, Commander,

30 men.

Knights of St. Michael, L. Weingaertner, Com-
mander, 20 men.
Leopold cornet band.
Knights of St. James, Charles Stupp, commander;

22 men.
C. M. B. A., branch 12, John Tralnor, commander;

50 men.
St. John the Baptist Benevolent society; 22 men.

FIFTH DIVISION.

Colonel Louis Ernst, marshal.

Aids— Joseph Erbelding, George Engert, Jacob

Gerllng, William Wagner, John Stauden-

melcr, Robert Stlerle, Jacob Aebersold,

J. W. Masser, Charles Englert,

Albert Schoen, Otto C. Popp,

Christian Mannert.

John Bohrer.

Walworth band.

Blucher lodge ; 30 men.

Knights of Calvin; 41 men.

Maeunerchor; 24 men.

Arlon society; 24 men.

Liedertafel; 20 men.

Liederkranz ; 40 men.

Turn-Vereln ; 29 men.

Harugari lodge ; 20 men.

Black hussars ; 21 men.

Swiss society: 42 men.

Swabian society ; 17 men.

Gideon society ; 38 men.

SIXTH DIVISION.

Walter E. Lock, grand commander, S. K.,

A. O. U. W.. marshal.

Aids— C. P. Howard, William Dyer, Frank H. Otto,

G. H. Hatch, A. J.Caulkin, M. Sehoenberg,*

Alexanders. Crook."

Genesee Falls lodge; 57 men.

Lamberton Legion, 10, S. K. A. O. V. W. ; 41 men.

Albion-Holley Band.

.\nierli'us lodge; 25 men.

R. E. U. P. Temple number 1, Patriarchal CMiTle;

48 men.
Members of A. O. U. W. In a body. 50 men, com-
manded by A. P. Leggeit.

SEVENTH DIVISION.

Colonel J. S. Graham, marshal.
Colonel W. W. Robacher, assistant adjutant-gen-
eral.
Aids— G. G. McPhersou, Hugh Hamilton, J. H.
Putnam, H. B. Raymond, Pomoroy Dickinson,
W. E. Werner, Frederick Frlck, W. A. Botts-
tord, Ciiarles Thomas, M. J. Lynn, J.
W. Carruthers, E. G. Gould, Jacob
J. Young, W. J. Burke, John
F. McGratli.
Scottish pipers. (5.
Scottish Society; 75 men.
Rocliester City l)and.
Commercial Travelers; 165 men.
Lay's silver cornet band (full-blooded Indians).

Union cadets; 20.

Locomollvo Engineers; 35 men.

y. C. and H. R. R. R. Freight Handlers; 175

men.

Central Sporting club; 40 men.

Ninth Ward Democratic club; 150 men.

EIGHTH DIVISION.

Hume H. Cale, marshal.

Aids— Henry Hlmmelsbach, W. J. Wlnfield, James

Butler, James Malley, Richard Harrlgan,

Edwai'd Keneally.

Iron Molders' union; 150 men.

Brockport band.

Local Shoemacker's assembly, 1478 ; 200 men.

Clgarmakers" union, number 5; 175 men.

Typographical union. No. 15.

Lima band.

Coopers' assembly, 1742; 150 mon.

Bricklayers', Plasterers' and Stonemasons' union ;

400 men.

Union cornet band.

NINTH DIVISION.

Captain F. M. Thrasher, marshal.
Aids— Members of the board of education, as fol-
lows : J. E. Durand, James O. Howard, Thomas
McMillan, H. A. Kingsley, Charles S. Cook,
Milton Noyes, William J. McKelvey,
Charles S. Ellis, Henry Klein-
dienst, Thomas H. Maguire,
Frederick C. Loebs, Au-
gust Kimmel, J. P.
Rickard, Prank H.Vick.
LoRoy (rornet band.
Major Daniel A. Sharpe, marshal.
Saxton Band.
Bicycle Clubs ; 50 men.
Voters of 1834 in carriages.

TENTH DIVISION.

Major Daniel A. Sharpe, marshal

Sexton Band.

Bicycle Clubs; 50 mn.

Voters of 1834, in carriages

ELEVENTH DIVISION.

Chief Engineer Law S. Gibson, marshal.

Aids, assistant chiefs, Malcomb and Bemlsh.

Fairport Band.

Exempts; 40 men.

Alert hose company, number 1 ; 45 men.

Hook and Ladder company, number 1 ; 9 men.

Extinguisher company, number 1; 4 men.

Hose comjiany, nunil)er 1 ; 5 men.

Hose com|)any, numt)er 2; 5 men.

Hook and Ladder comjiany, number 2; 9 men.

Marion Band

Protective company, number 1 ; 40 men.

Active hose company, numlier 2; 27 men.

Hose coniiiany, number 3; 6 men.

Hos(M'ompany, number 4; 6 men.

Hosl^ <-ompany, numlier 5; 5 men.

Hook and Ladder company, number 3; 7 men.

TWELFTH DIVISION.

Captain Gilbert H. Reynolds, marshal.
.■\ids: T. A. Itaymond, I'liiliii Scliaad, Fred.
C. Lauer, Jr., William Bartliolomay, E.
A. Loder, J. G. Kramer, B. F. Enos, Ed.
Rossney, M. J. McMalion, Oscar E. Hayden,
William H. Jones. N.Palmtu'.Warren Buck-
land, H. li. Achilles, M. Heavey, Rowland
Roe, Thomas (Campbell, Samuel Fra-
zer, John Kane, A. G. Wi'igbt,
Thomas Duffy, J. Holla-
han, S. F. Crossman,
Aid. J. H. Foley.

Seneca National Band. (Pull blooded Indians )

THE INDUSTRIAL EXHIBIT.

Following are some of the most notable ex-
hibits, by the business men, in the procession:
W. S. Kimball & Co. :

1. Horse with liogshead on wheels. Illustrating
the manner in which Leaf Tobacco was brought to
market fifty years ago in Virginia. 2. Horse and
two-wheel cart. Illustrating the manner Planters
transport Leaf Tobacco to tlie interior markets at
the present time. 3. Donkey following, with the
choicest Tobacco in bundles, on its baclt; usually in
small quantities. 4. Yoke of Oxen, and Planter's
wagon; mode of carrying Leaf Tobacco to the
" loose leaf markets" of the South at the present
day. Sometimes a mule and an ox are hitched to-
gether; sometimes a fine span of horses. 5. Two
horse wagon w.th hogsheads of Leaf; as shipped
from Louisville, Cincinnati, Richmond and other
large Leaf Markets. 6. One-horse cart, as used at
the beginning of their business, to transport their
manufactures from factory to railroad and canal.
This cart was built in the year 183'J, and has been in
the possession of its owner, Mr. John Burger, ever
since. The driver began carting in the same year,
and has continued at the business forty -five years in
this city. The two-horse delivery wagons as now
used by them, showing growth of their business
diu-ing the past twenty years.

Culross Bakery, three wagons, handsomely decor-
ated; William Heine, two Vienna baker wagons,
decorated with flags and bunting; Fleckenstein
Bros., general bakery exhibit, three decuratt-d
wagons; E. B. Kimball, six bakery wagons trimmed
with evergreens and floweis, one wagon loaded with
samples of bread, crackers, biscuit, cake, etc.;
Perry's pies, five wagons decorated with bunting,
on first wagon small pie plate with 1834 and large
plate with 1884 in black letters on sides; Howe's
bakery. This establishment had the first place, as
it was established in 1814. Ii was in charge ot Rob-
ert Baker and Joseph Ross, who iiave been with the
firm for over thirty-five years. J. Eckhardt, dried
beef, one wagon trimmed with flags; Mooi'e & Cole,
one wagon filled with groceries; Brewster, Gordon
& Co., the first groc ry store of Rochester, was
represented, presenting a unique appearance, three
wagons; Union Pacific Tea Co., teas, coffees
and spices, one wagon; B. F. Martin,
teas, co/fees and spices, one wagon;
White Swan soap, one w agon loaded with samples ;
G. C. Buell & Co., one four-horse wagon loaded with
boxes of different kinds of groceries: H. Brewster
& Co.. two wagons loaded with groceries, wagons
draped; C. L. Jones Co., Tulip soap, one wagon; D.
Deavenport, grocer, one wagon; H. L. Brewster,
gr.icer, three wagons draped, one driven tandem;
Brewster, Crittenden & Co., four wagons loaded
with barrels of sugar and boxes of groceries,
wagons draped vvith bimting. two four-horse teams;
Smith, Perkins & Co., one four-hor.se wagon
trimmed with flowers and evergreens, d< sign 18:ifj-
1884 in colored berries, wagon filled with gi'oceries;
Kramer's flour works, one wagon loaded with Hour
and decorated with Hags; T. & (i. Heberling, oue
wagon loaded with flour and feed.

William Deering & Vo.. self-binders; this ma-
chine hound grain ivgularly all through the proces-
sion, eliciting admiration at its perfect work; two
wagons; Kelly, Godley & Co., flour and grain
wagon, decorated with flags; C. C. Meyer it Son,
four horses, drawing large log with circulai' .saw in
operation; Hiram Sibley & Co., agricultural inq)le-
ments, two wagons handsomely decorated; Oliver
Chilled Plow Company, one wagon, with a large
display of plows; J. H. Thomas it Sons, of Spring-
field, O., sample hay-tedder exhibited; Gonlon &
De Garmo, a mowing machine handsomely deco-
rated with flags and bunting; Fi'ick & Co., an
Eclipse traction engine, ili'awing threshing machine
and fanning mill.

Chase Bros., one wagon filled with seeds, and
hanilsomely decorated; Crosman Bros., five
wagons, exhibiting flowt^ring plants, vegetables,
flower and vegetable seeds; wagons decorated with

flags and bunting; one wagon with three horses;
John B. Keller, one wagon containing a star of
coleus; James Vick, five wagons containing seeds,
flowers, packages of seeds for mailing, and an imi-
tation green-house filled with plants ; also a wagon
filled with agricultural implements: Design: Flour
City, 18'34— Flower City, " 1884— on canvas; Hiram
Sibley & Co., two wagons containing boxes of seeds
and display of gardening impleiaents; Salter Bros.,
one wagoii filled with floral designs of wheels, bas-
kets, horse shoes, etc. ; Theodore F. Aldrich,
fruits, five wagons decorated; George Hamlin,
flowers, one wagon decorated. Curtice Bros., one
four-horse wagon loaded with canned goods ar-
ranged in form of pyramid.

R. D. Kellogg, original Peerless tobacco, one
wagon ; E. A. Baker, Richfield cigars, one wagon,
handsomely decorated; Seneca Chief Cigar Co., one
wagon, with Seneca chief in full Indian costume;
Cleveland, Biehler & Brewster, various kinds of to-
bacco, decorated with flags, three wagons; S. F.
Hess & Co , plug and fine cut tobacco and seal skin
cigars, three wagons. This firm distributed tobacco
along the line of march; McKelvey Bros., cigars,
one wagon leprcsenting pyramid oi cigar boxes.

Farley & Hoffman, show cases, decorated with
fiags, one wagon; Bailey & Co., two wagons, deco-
rated, showing process of carpet cleaning and
machinery at work; Henry Likly & Co.. three
wagons Containing different styles of trunks, each
in form of pyramid, design, established in 1844, on
wagons painted on canvas; Minges & Shale, furni-
ture, three wagons draped with bunting; M M
Myers, one wagon with set of marble-top furniture:
Ritter Bros., furniture manufacturers, one wagon ;
Henry Schantz. general furniture, one wagon;
Copeland, Hall & Co., extension tables exclu.sively,
one wai<on, decorated with flags and bunting; John
Koomer, showing pieces of upholstering, one wagon ■
F. Sehwikert, handsome display of billiard tables,
one wagon; C. J. Hayden & Co., display of furni-
ture, two wagons, decorated with flags and bunting;
Dewey & Co., various designs of furniture, two
wagons; Bennett& Schaffner, furniture, one wagon ;
Mackie & Co., two wagons decorated with flags and
bunting, first one containing uprigiit piano and
melodeons and musiciau playing on piano, display
of instruments, music, etc , horses led by groom;
Batterson's carpet cleaner, one wagon, trimmed
with flags.

A grand float of the brewing conpanies. Roch-
ester Brewing Company.

Enright's ale and porter, one wagon, handsomely
trimmed; Warren's brewery, four wagons loaded
with beer kegs, decorated with flags; Joseph Nunn,
brewer, one wagon decorated containing exhibits
of ale and beer in kegs; Patrick Enright, brewery,
one wagon loaded with barrels of beer; Fee Broth-
ers, distillers, three wagons containing samples of
liquors, wines, etc., wagons decorated with flags.

K Steiiifeld, one wagon decorated with bunting
and flags, containing samples of cloth, ready made
elotliing and goods in all stages of preparation; M.
Garsoii, clothing, one wagon decorated with flags.

Nfcoll & Co., representing New Home sewing
machine, four wagons decorated with flags and
evergreens, one driven tandem; White sewing ma-
chme, eight wagons, each containing a banner,
horses with white ))lankets on them; Singer Sewing
Machine (_lompany, twentysi.x wagons, handsomely
decorated — this .establishment is over thirty years
old— one machine shown is thirty years old; Davis'
sewing machine, one wagon decorated with flngs.

American Express Company, three double and
six single wagons, decoratefl with flatjs: National
Express Company, four wagons draped with flags
and trimmed with bunting, containing packages,'
boxes and trunks; United States Express Com-
pany, si.x wagons loaded with packages, boxes and
trunks and drape(\ with flags.

J. S. (iraham & Co., general machinery, one
wagon; Conuell & Dengler, machinery, one wagon;
Roclu^ster Machine and Tool Works, a huge iron
planer, one wagon; Mosler, Bowen & Co., handsome

MAP OF THE VILLAGE OP ROCHESTER, 1814.

display of saffs in one wa^on; Weaver. Goss & Co.,
display of hai-d\vare and apple parer. thret- waKons:
Foster & Hennegran, one waeron with .samples of
pliiti)her\s goods; Eureka Steam Heatiiig Company,
one wagon, draped with tlags. containing sami>les
of radiators and steam heating boiler; Steam (iaiige
and Lantern Company draped wagon with pyramid
of street lamps, hand lanterns, etc., sunnouDted by
a row of locomotive head-lights. Rochester Car
Wheel Conij)any. one wagon containing car wheels
and san)ples of iron; W.H. Mills, one wagon with
samples of iron fence work; Bam oer c^' Williams,
stoves, ranges and furnaces, two wagfms; F. Tully.
stoves and ranges, one wagon; H. Lester, gen-
eral display of stoves in one wagon; G. W. &
C. T. Crouch & Sons, one four-horse
wagon containing log and circular saw,
design 1834 - 1884 in colored bimting; R.
Kirkpatrick, one wa^on containing stoves: Co-
operative '''oundry Co., two wagons loaded with
various styles of stoves, ranges, etc. : John Snow,
wire and lime, several wagons, first containing
])arty <if workmen with '■ Snow's Wire Pullers " on
sides in black letters. One containing a minature
lime kiln in operation, and the balance loaded w-ilh
lime and wire goods; J. Hilbert & Son, one four
horse truck, loaded with boxes of merchandise,
showing the capacity of the truck and the amount
of weignt carried ; W T. Fabling, one wagon, show-
ing design of carpenter shop with carpenters at
work; .James Laney & Co.. and Odenbach & Shale,
general display of campaign goods, torches and
caps, decorated with flags, one wagon ; I. S. Dis-
brow, wooden boxes, one wagon, hand«omely
trimmed with flags; Rochester Wheel Company,
large display of wheels, handsomely decorated with
flags, one wagon ; Rochester Paper Company, two
three horse wagons representing their business, and
trimmed with flags.

Woodbury, Morse & Co., one wagon covered with
signs representing paints and colors; M Tobin &
Co., city glaziers, one wagon rej)resenting gla,ss fit-
ting; William Green, paints and colors, one wagon;
Millington & Co., one wagon decorated with signs
and banners, and containing sign painters at work;
Luitwieler & Co., one wagon with samples of paints,
oils and glass; C. William.son, paints, oils, etc., ex-
hibited one wagon; Clague, Wegman, Schlicht &
Co.. one wagon containing samples of printers"
goods, also paoer stock, inks, filing cases, etc.—
wagon draped with bunting; T. T. Swinburne & Co.,
one wagon containing members of firm in costvime,
representing Gutenberg and Faust, the inventors of
printing, with a devil behind. George F. Flannery,
one wagon decorated with flags, containing print-
ing press in operation, striking off papers and sam-
ples of printers' supplies.

Spring Fountain Ice Company, three wagons,
decorated with flags; Consiuners' Ice Company,
one wagon, handsomely decorated; Koiidolf's Hem-
lock water ice, six wagons trimmed with flags

HoUister & Co., hand.somely decorated display of
lumber, bearing inscription '"' E.stabli.shed in 1836,"
one wagon; Barry's wood .yard, one wagon, deco-
rated with flags; A. (i. Yates, coal, fifteen wagons. 4
four horse; H. H. Babcock, coal, one wagon; M.
Brayer & Son. coal, one wagon containing "coal"
in white roses on floral background: Doyle. Gallery
& Co , coal, one four-horse w-agon; Lewis Edelman
it Co.. coal, seven wagons trinuiied with evergreens
and flags: M. ,1. Glenn, kindling wood, one wagon
decorated and loaded with wood; G. W Batterson.
kindling wood, one wagon decorated with flags;
Phillips & Van Ingen, general exhibit of coal, one
wagon.

Standard Sewer Pipe Company, two wagons, car-
rying tiles, sewer pipe, etc., and trimmed with flags;
Otis & Gorsliue, display of cement and sewer pipe,
three wagons ; Rochester Lime Company, fourteen
wagons containing lime,cement and general masons'
suj)plies ; Pet«r Pitkin, one wagon, painted red,
white and blue, containing stone cutting implements;
F. C. Lauer, Jr., & Co., three wagons showing sam-
ples of stone, flagging, sewer pipe and contractors'
supplies ; Henry S. Hebard. marble and granite.
one wagon bearing inscription: "Established in
1831 by Z. Hebard."

J. C. Lighthouse, hor.se collars and mail bags in
five wagons; also one huge wagon completely cov-
ered with tanned hides ; Coruwell Keehn. boots and
shoes, one wagon trimmed with flags and bunting ;
McDonald & Co,, handsomely decorated wagon,
filled with boots and shoes.

J. C. King, one wagon draped with bunting, con-
taining rolls of carjiet, oil <-loth, rugs, etc.; Howe
& Rogers, one wagon covered with canvas loaded
with rolls of cari)ets. oil cloths, etc., of different
kind*, a large display of mats and rugs: Vacuum
(^il Works, two wagons, trimmed with flags and
bunting; A. H. Weniger, one wagon draped with
flags and bunting, containing exhibit of harness,
lap robes, blankets and horse furnishing goods; R.
M. Myers & Co.. one wagon decorated with flags
and containing samples of paper stock; Vi-
enna Yeast, one wagon decorated with flags
and having floral design of sheaf of wheat with
sickle on the top; Attridge & Co.. meat market, one
wagon; City Department, containing two street
sweepers, two scrapers and thirty-four wagons; J.
Tracy & Son, mineral waters, one wagon; Pimnett
& Williams, one wagon containing display of bi-
cycles draped with flags and bunting; C. J. Conolly
& Co., rubber stamps, one wagon trimmed with
flags; Game Protector Schwartz was in a wagon
trimmed with flags and bunting and bearing the in-
scription:" Empire State Fish and Game Protector."
J. F. Linsin, general confectionery, decorated with
flags and bunting, two wagons; Francis L. Hughes,
large wagon containing toys, etc., samples of bicy-
cles and tricycles on the top, wagon draped with
bunting and flags; Bausch & Lomb Optical Com-
pany, one wagon trimmed with evergreens and flags,
containing a variety of optical instruments; British
White Oil Company, one decorated wagon; War-
ner's Safe Remedies, five wagons in line, represent-
ing a giant man, a large Safe Cure bot'le. and two
men rolling two enormous pills: Globe Package Dye
Company, one wagon; J. G. Mutschler & Son,
handsomely decorated disphay of china and glass
ware, one wagon; McConnell & Jones, thirty-one
contractor's wagons; W. J. Smith, tents and awn-
ings, one wagon ; Mo?mini/ Hfrald, one advertising
wagon; James Laney & Co., five rag and three pa-
per carts; Colvin's malaria cure, general advertis-
ing wagon, decorated with flags; Star Steam Laun-
dry, two wagons representing their business, hand-
somely trimmed with flags and bunting.

The Banquet.

After the parade the CTOvernor and the guests
stepped across the street to the Powers Hotel,
where the grand banquet took place at six
o'clock. About 2.50 covers were laid. Mayor
Parsons, as toast-master, the city's guests and
those who were to respond to the toasts, were
seated at a semi -circular table, at the west ena
of the hall. For an hour and a half the atten-
tion of all present was occupied in discussing
the choice array of viands. The menu was as
follows ;

POTAGE.

Tortue clair, a la maison Doree.

HORS D'cEITVRES.

Petites Croustades de Crevettes, a la .Joinville.
Terrapin, a la Semi Centennial.

P01S.S0NS

Salmon, a la Maintenon.

Pouiines de terre, a la Child,

Cucimibers,

RELEVES.

Leg of Southdown Mutton, Caper sauce.

Filet de Boeuf iiique. a la Chartreuse.

Philadelphia Capon, a la Regenee.

ENTREES.

Timbales de Volaille, a la Beaiiharnaise.

Turtle Steak grillees. a la Perigord,

Spring Chicken, a la Maryland.

FROIDS.

Aspic de Galantine de Dinde, a la Valiere.
Paiu d'ecrevisses, a la Chautilly.

MAYONNAISE.

Chicken. Lettuce. Tomatoes. Lobster.

Punch glaces, a la Roraaine.

ROTS.

Ribs of Beef, Spring Lamb, Mint Sauce.

ENTREMETS.

Puree de pommes de terre, a la Crerae.
Petits pois. A.sperges. Tomatoes saute.

Plum Pudding, Brandy sauce.

Gelee, au vin de Champagne.

PATI.SSERIE.

Ice Cream, Vanilla Flavor. Strawberry Tarts.

Gateaux garnis.

Cafe, a la Creme.

At the conclusion of the feast for the in-
ner man Mayor Parsons introduced the
post prandial cx(>rcises as follows: "Ow-
ing to the lateness of the hour and bi^cause of
what we yet expect to show u[)on the
streets, I must suggest to the Roch-
ester gentlemen who are to respond
to toasts that they make their speeches
brief. In compliment t© our distinguished
guest, who is to respond to the lirst toast,
I propose that we rise and driidv to "The
State of N(nv York, chief among her sis-
ters, empii(> of the union ; she guards
her daughters, cherishes her sons and
of her bachelors makes her governors."
The toast was drunk standing after which
Governor Cleveland arose amid lOusing
cheers aud spoke as follows :

"Having Inam in the service of the state
for nearly eighteen months, I feel like any
other loyal and grateful servant, that no
flight of oratory or grace of diction could, if
they were within my reach, do justice to
the greatn(^ss and thti goodness of my mas-
ter. I shall not attempt to do more than
to recall some of the elements which make
ours a great state, and to suggest the pride
we should feel as citizens of this common-
wealth.

"The .stat(^ of New York is notalonea vast
area — though it includc^s within its borders
more territory than seven of Ihr original
thirteen states combined, beautifully diver-
sifi(Ml with mountains and valleys, streams
and lak(^s, forests and tields, and with
farms wiiere the w<'althand vari(>ty of crops
tell the story of fcrlilily and adaptation to
th(^ most \aluabl(^ ])ro(iucls.

"Tli<! stati(^ is not alono a busy work simp,
with its continuous hum of mat;hinery and
its ar-my of artisans and workmen — though
its man\ifa<-tur(is far exceiul in worth, var-
iety and volunn^ any othei- state or territory,
and tliough their value is more than the

aggregate produced in ten of the thirteen
original states.

"The state is not alone a pathway of com-
mence and a centre of trade^though our
waterways and railr<iads transport a na-
tion's wealth, and though our metropolis
i-i\als the money centres of the world and
is a distributing point for all lands.

"The state is not alone an immense
aggregation of people — though its popula-
tion exceeds that of any sister state,
amounting to more than one-tenth of all
the states and territories, and nearly equals
that of eight of the original states.

"Nor do all these things comliined make
up the state which we delight to call our
own.

"Our cities busy, thrift}' and prosperous
are constantly increasing in piipulation and
wealth, and in the means to furnish to
their people all that pertains to refinement
and civilization.

"Our villages, quiet, contented and or-
derly are everywhere ; and by their growth
and enterprise give proof of proper and
economical management.

"Our colleges and seminaries on every
hill and our common schools on every hand
are evidence of the faith of the people in
popular and thorough education. Our
numerous charitable institutions enlist the
care of tlie state for the unfortunate poor.
Our churches and the tolerniit and almost
universal obscu'vance of religious duties by
(every sect and creed teach ol)edi(mce to the
law and prt^pare our peoplt; for good citi-
zenship. Our soldiery well disciplined and
equipped stand ready to defend our homes
while they beget a martial spirit and patri-
otic sentiment. A wise and firm adminis-
tration of the laws by our courts gives
no occasion for disorders and
outbreaks that arise from the
miscarriage of justice. Surely we have
enough to cause us to congratulate our-
selves upon the claim we have to state citi-
zenship. And v(>t I cannot forget how
nnich the (H)ntinuance of all that makes us
proud to-day depends upon tht> watchfid-
ness and independence of the people and
their effective participation and interest in
state affairs. With a bad government,
notwithstaniling all our advantages, our
state, will not be great. Remember
that the goviu'nment of the state was
made for the p(ui[)ln and see to it that it be
by the people. A sturdy indeijcndence and
a detcn-mination to hold jtublic servants to
a strict accountability, will teach him to
keep well in \-iew the line between the
people's interests and narrow and selfisii
jiartisanship. and I am sure that a man
after faithful soi-vice in official ])lace, reaps
no mean reward, and at the end he shall
retire with the confidence and affection of a
thoughtful and intelHgent commu-
nity, and still retaining the proud title of
a citizen of tlu; Empire state."

Tho next toast was : ' 'Tin- Uiiitcd States,
greatest of all republics, j-ei'iig(! of the op-
piessi'd of all lands, inexhaustible in re-
sources, slie gathers a boundless wealth
into the vast ston^house of ht^r liberal in-
stitutions and pours fortii from her abund-
ance tlie riches of prosperity, freedom and
l)eaee." Hon. Alfred Ely responded as fol-
lows :

"Thinking over tlie occasion which has
lirought together this distinguisluHl asseui-
l)lage, graced by the presence of the chief
magistrat(! of our own nolde common-
wealth — th(^ heads of its leading municipali-
ties and like official representatives from
the foremost citi(>s of sister states^hink-
ing over the progress not only of these
cities and commonwealths, but of n(fa-rly
all others within the union in the last live
decades raetallj- — running over the long list
of events in theses fifty years of national de-
velopment, I perceived, as it seemed to
me, that two problems had been solved
and with their solution two dangers had
been i't^mo\ed.

"In th(> half century now emled it has
been shown that the Amei'ican people can
absorb all tl^(^ European en'ugrants that the
desire of bettering theii- condition may
bring to our shores. It has b(KMi proven
that we can Americanize all we can amalga-
nnite. Nay, it has been shown that Ameri-
can citizens of foi-eign bii'th ha\(^ bec<une
moi'c firndy grounded in their faith in our
free n'presentative institutions than even
the American born (utizens themselves.
While somii,born as well as r(^ared among us,
begin to argue tinndly that the cure for tln^
evils of f)(>(Mlom is less freedom, the foreign
born citizen, inspired, as it were. Ijy tlii^
first l)reath he draws on tln^ American side
* of the watin-, b(MH)mes and remains the
steadfast champion of our governmental
sj'steni.

"If I may dare to misquote, it is as if the
Genius of America had said to the honest
toil-inured, long suffering immigrants —

•' ■Lcaji Ihiiii, attire and all
Throutjli proijf of harness to nij' heart and their
Hide on the throbs triumphant.' "

"The only limit to the safe admission of
foreigners is our power of amalganiiiting
Ihem and.bi-uslnng aside all tlu^ sophisti-ies
by whi<'h the (liscussion has l>een clouded,
herein lies the only doubt relative to the
reception of a certain (-lass of Asiatic; im-
migrants. It is true that our system of
government is not perfect, but does any-
body expect to find ]>erfection under the
sunV Ar<^ not other forms of government
accompanied liy still more sei'ious draw-
backs y

"The wise x\.merica II citizen will seek a
remedy for existing political evils, not by
taking a single step backward ; not by cir-

cumscribing the rights or privileges of any
class of citizens, but by conscientious,
steadfast continuance^ in his own political
duties and by faith in the ujiward progress
of th(! rai^e — the gradual elevation of the
mass(;s.

" And while waiting, with what patience
we may, for the good time surely coming,
we can assert in the face of all maidiiiid
that our system of government is not only
one that a hundred years experience has
provcMi pnicticable, but also one that a
righteous judgment can approve as alone
grounded in the eternal princnples of justice.

"I said that two problems had been
solved. Need I state what the other is or
was?

"It was the problem solved by the con-
llict of which tln^ honored veterans I see
ai'ound me are survivors. It was not the
question whether in the language of the fed-
eral constitution 'the other persons' men-
tioned in that great document, should be-
come freemen ; for that question would in a
few years have settled itself.

"In the face of the united scmtiment of
th(> civilized world — and when even Russian
despotism lib(u-ated the serf, the southern
slavti could not much longer have been
kept in chains.

"A plan of gradual emancipation without,
or of speedy ennincipation within, compen-
sation nught and surely would have re-
moved tluMuonstrous evil — an evil so mon-
strous and so diametrically ojiposed to the
spirit of our institutions that it coidd not
ha\(^ lasted much longer under any cir-
cumstances.

"No, no ; it was not the question of slav-
ery that constituted the great probhun
which was settled by the sacrifice of bil-
lions of treasure and, din>ctly and indire(*t-
ly, of millions of lives — it was the question
whether ours was a nation or but an ag-
gregation of states, one or many of which
miglit slough off at any moment, the union
dissolving in the process, like the
baseless fabric of a vi.sion.

Tlie arl>itrament of arms could alone solve
that, prolilem. OonHictiiig theories of the
virtue of the tie that bound the states to-
gether had grown with the growth of the
country and sooner or later a conflict be-
tween the opposing parties was inevitable.
The war of the rebellion settled that ques-
tion. Thank God, that it is settled once and
for ail time.

"The Uniteil States is a nation. The
former adherents of the doctrine which
would make the federal compact a rope of
sand wer(\ beaten out of that notion. And
now we shake, hands across tlu^ bloody chasm
as brothers, citizens of tlni samt^ r(^publi(%
lioiind to t hem by indissoluble ties of blood,
religion and a common destiny.

"Having settled this great question and
having shown that we can assimilate all

who come to us from other shores and come
to stay, let us look the future bravely and
cheerfully in the face. Let us do our duty
as citizens, and confidently await the time
wh(^n the United States shall be acknowl-
edged everywhere not only as the greatest
republic, but as the heritage of the wisest
and noblest people on the face of the earth."

The thiid toast was " The City of Roches-
ter, Home of a happy and prosperous peo-
ple ; the city whose golden anniversary in
this Golden Age we to-day celebrate.'
General Ashbel W. Eiley responded briefly.
He atti'ibuted Rochester's prosperity to the
foundations laid by her pioneers —
men who obeyed the injunction. " By
the sweat of thy brow shalt thou eat bread
all the days of thy life." In the course of
his remarks General Riley paid feeling trib-
utes to some of Rochester's earliest set-
tlers.

The next toa-st was: "Our sister
cities, each one a jewel in that
golden chain of commerce and fraternity
which, stretching from the lake to the
ocean, has its brightest gem in the metrop-
olis over which presides the honored gen-
tleman who favors us with his px'es-
ence to-day." Mayor Edson's response was
as follows :

" Mk. Mayor and gentlemen : The task
which you have assigned me is a pleasant
o!ie, although of no insignificant propor-
tions. Sixty years ago it would have been
comparatively simple and (^asy to speak for
the little family of "sister cities" located
within the borders of the empire state ;
they were only three in number, but they
were so fair and so gentle that no inadver-
tent word of the speaker would have
aroused the demon of jealovisy in their
p(>aceful bosoms. Their existence was har-
monious and happy; no ceaseless hum of
machinery, no deafening shriek of
th(^ steam whistle or rattle of the
railway car, no clatter of iron hoofs over
stony strei^ls shattered their nerves by ilny
oi' disturbi'd the sweetness of their shiiii-
bers by night; the fiend of invention liad
not yet deviscKl the manifokl forms of hu-
man torture with which the dwellers in
the cities of to-day are surrounded. Of
tht^se thi'ee cities, one was sit uatcd on the
]ii('tures(iuc isliiiid of Manhattan, and Hovel-
ed in the surrounding liciiuties of bay, riv-
ei's and ])as1()ral scenery — all unconsc;ious
of her destiny ; while the otlun-s from tlu^ir
sunny homes amtmg the hills looked out
ui)on the "Majestic Hudson," whose
pure, uncontaminated watei's were
dotted with tin; white wings of

our primitive inland commerce, al-
ready on its triumphant westward course.
But that little family has increased apace,
until to-daj' he who responds to the toast
of "our sister cities" located within tiie
boundaries of this commonwealth must
speak for twenty-five — not the modest and
sunny sisters of sixty years ago, but twen-
ty-five boisterous, aggressive and prosper-
ous damsels, who are clamoring in the
halls of the legislature and in the executive
chamber, insisting that they shall severally
be accorded their just right to control their
own households in their own way.

' ' I have referred to the cities of sixty
years ago because it was then that the peo-
ple of the young state, with DeWitt Clinton
as their leader, had been able, unaided, to
complete the first great public work toward
improving the vast natural advantages lying
within the boundBries of their common-
wealth. On the fourth day of November
next it will be just fifty-nine years since —
with pomp and ceremony unequalled in ihe
celebration of any subsequent event in the
history of this state — the waters of Lake
Erie were mingled with those of the Atlan-
tic at Sandy Hook, and an unbi'oken water
Avay was established between the great
lakes and the Atlantic ocean. The forests,
which a few years before had been the
hunting grounds of the Five Nations, faded
away to give place to fertile fields, which
began to contribute their wealth of golden
harvests to increase the riches and the
commerce of the state. Thus wer<^ laid in
the A-alleys of the Hudson, the Mohawk and
the Genesee, the foundations of nineteen
of 'our sister cities.'

"But the benefits rising from the con-
struction of the Erie canal were wide-
spread and of great natioiuil importance.
Our vast inland seas were thus unlocked,
so that agriculture and commerce con-*
tinned their triumphal course along the
great lakes into the heart of the continent.
Manufacturing interests following closely
the man^h of agriculture and commerce,
clustered about the centers which these
had established ; and, as a thrifty and
growing community would establish in its
midst a manufactory of some of the neces-
sities, conveniences or luxuries of life, and
would protect and foster it by a voluntary
tax, if necossai'y, upon the patriotic mem-
bers of the community at large until it
should become strong and self-sustaining,
so our national government by wise provis-
ions of law ]irotected the manufacturing
enterprises thus established until they have
become imiiortant factors in the wealth and
strength of our llourishiiigcities, and giants
of power and influence in our state — able to
compete successfully and unaided, with
similar manufacturing enterprises through-
out the world. We are thus brought lace
to face with a living question which will re-

quire all the wisdom of the statesmen and
the disci'eet and conservative action of
the people of our day justly and equit-
ably to solve it. I refer to the
question of the continuance or discon-
tinuance of national protection to our manu-
facturing interests — the continuance or dis-
continuance of what has become the most
insidious of all our tjixes, the protecitive
tariff. But whatever nuiy be the sobition
of this great national question, if wc ft)llt>w
the policy of Clinton and his contemporaries,
fostering agriculture and conuucrce, we
need have no fear for the continued pros-
perity of our manufacturing interests ; they
will continue — more lai-geiy than ever — to
augment the wealth of the state and to
contribute to the growth and prosperity of
her 'sister cities.'

"I have i-eferred to the fact that the cities
of this empire state ai'c demanding the
right to control their local affairs in their
own way. While the question as to the
pi'oper form of government for cities has
become one of deep interest to all the states
of the union, to our own state it is of great-
er importance than to any other, for a
larger pioportion of our population
resides in cities. To the state of
New Yoi'k, therefore, the country has a
right to look for a permanent and equitable
solution of this growing question. In its
solution we must rel3'ui)on the wisdom and
the love of fairness and justice by the peo-
ple of our own state. The fathers of the
i'(»public devised, inaugurated and be-
queathed to us forms of state and national
government which for harmony, symmetry
and. strength have not been surpassed in
the world's history, but they had no occa^
sion to exercise their wisdom in devising
a form of government for large cities, be-
cause there were no large cities in the
infant republic to govern. Consequenty
our cities have thus far grown up without
a well defined system of government, l)ut
with a perpetual recourse to such tempor-
ary expedients and such special legislation
as seemed to suit the purposes of the parti-
san power which chanced to be strongest
in the legislature for the time being. The
result is curious to behold. Looking over
what is called our city charters one is re-
ndndfHl of the old-time New England farm
house, which, at first small and clearly de-
fined, grew as the family grew : a room was
added here, an extension there, another story
and a bay window somewhere else, until
the whole became an indescribable jumble
of ill-connected apartments, and thus it is
with the laws governing the affairs of our
cities, and thus it must continue to be un-
til they are clothed with the power and the
responsibility of the management of their
own affairs under general permissive laws
of the state.

"In conclusion, Mr. Mayor, permit me on

behalf of the city of New York to congratu-
hite the city of llochestei', not only upon
th(> attainment of her lifti(^th birthday, l)ut
upon the proud position she has attained
as the queen of a noble and prosperous
family of 'sister citif^s.' "

Th(^ toast to which Maj'or 8mith of Phil-
adelphia was called upon to respond was:
"Pennsylvania, keystone of the arch ; Phil-
adelphia citj' of br-otherly love and of his-
toric fame within whose sacred precincts
first was rocked the cradle of Liberty." In
the course of his happy speech. Mayor
Smitii said that in wliatever made New
York great,Pennsylvania was with her.save
ujjon the question of the tariff. He con-
gratulated the city upon the rapid progress
and its happy, cultured and prosperous
people. ' 'I am glad to know," said the speak-
er, "that when Rochester wanted a good
mayor to serve four terms she went among
the Parsons to find him. I am willing to
admit his good looks, but I cannot admit
his clerical looks."

The toast — "Our educational institutions :
frt)m the grammar school to the university ;
they are our pride and safeguard" — was
i-esponded to by President Anderson of the
university in the following language ;

"I thank you for the honor of represent-
ing the teacher's profession — one which is
mttst vitally connected with all the moral,
intellectual and economical interests of
human society. This profession has a com-
mon object and embraces all departments
from the kindergarten to the university, and
I am glad to speak for them all as members
of a common brotherhood. Our city has
been noted for its eflForts to secure the best
education possible for the children of its citi-
zens. To no influence does it owe more for
its past prosperity than to its provisions for
training the young.

" We have a common school system free to
all, and crowned by our high school with its
broad and vigorous course of instruction.
This free system is supplemented by a large
number of private schools of a high order of
excellence. We have facilities for instruction
in the processes of business and in the fine
arts. Especially would we mention the edu-
cational influence of the gallery of art which
we owe to the single thought and action of
Mr. Powers, giving us a collection of pictures
and statues to which comparatively few cities
in our country can furnish a parallel. Soon
we shall have the Reynolds' library, and in
the not distant future connected with it a
course of instruction for clerks and appren-
tices similar in its organization to the Cooper

Institute in New York. We have a largely
endowed, ably manned and well -equipped
theological seminary, with a library of great
value open for consultation to the public,

"We have a university which within the
past thirty years has accumulated property
costing nearly a million— with a library of
over 20,000 volumes stored in the hall erected
by Mr. Sibley, our fellow citizen— open for
consultation through the year. It has a well
equipped elaboratory and specimens of geol-
ogy and natural history, more than 40,000 in
number. The university has sent out 800
graduates and as many more have pursued
partial courses of study within its walls. Of
these graduates 181 have come from our own
city. Of these graduates a large number
from abroad have settled in life among us.
Of our university graduates forty have be-
come presidents or professors in colleges in
various states of our union. They have
served iu the army, engaged in business and
the professions, divinity, law and medicine.
You have only to listen to their arguments
in our courts, to watch their treatment of the
sick in your own families, to follow in your
minds the clergymen among their number
who have filled pulpits in fifty cities in our
land, to become satisfied that the work of
our university has been a worthy and success-
one. I do not claim too much when I
say that the proportion of successful
men among our graduates has been equal
to that shown by any of our sister institu
tions. I believe it has done a work of which
no citizen of Kochester need be ashamed."

The next toast was: "The clergy, by
whose example, as well as precept, our citi-
zens have ever been led to a higher and bet-
ter life. May their influence never be less
potent to preserve our city from vice and
corruption, in whatsoever form it may ap-
pear." The response of Bishop McQuaid was
as follows :

"While engaged in taking note of the ad-
vancement of our city in many ways and on
many lines during the fifty years of its muni-
cipal existence, it is highly proper not to
forget the spiritual element and the religious
forces at work in promoting material growth
and progress.

" I thank the committee in charge of our
semi-centennial celebration for coupling my
name with the sentiment of "The Clergy."
I deeply appreciate the honor of being called
on to respond to this sentiment. There are
others whose years and longer residence in our
city might well have entitled them to this
honor, but they will, I am sure, not begrudge
a favor to another, which strikingly illustrates
the remarkable change that has come over
the relations of various bodies of religionists

within the period commemorated. Fifty years
ago it would not have been jjossible to do
what to-day may be done with pleasure to most
of our fellow citizens, and certainly without
stirring up bitterness in the minds of any.
It is an important fact to note that, under
a well adjusted arrangement of relative
rights and duties, the differences of re-
ligious belief and jjractices do not necessarily
interfere with our social and civic obligations
and intercourse. The change is creditable,
and is due to the growing good sense of the
people, to a not unsalutary restraint exercised
by the press, and to the wisdom acquired by
the pulpit that a good cause is best fostered
among an intelligent people by moderation
in statement and the absence of theological
acrimony and all lingual rasping. In my
long experience, and in several sections of
the counti'y, I know of no city whose pulpits
are freer than those of Rochester from the
tierce onslaughts of polemics which hurt
and never help. The clergyman who has
been some time in Rochester catches the tone
of the city, and soon learns that his ministra-
tions will be more acceptable to his hearers
if the spirit of charity pervade his discourses.
None the less is he free to present his doc-
trines forcibly and unflinchingly, while keep-
ing within the bounds of established pro-
priety. The office of a clergyman is not
only to teach doctrinal truth, but to illustrate
and honor these teachings by a life of prac-
tical charity and active benevolence. Kind
and gentle toward all in word' and manner,
he is helpful toward the sick, the distressed,
and the indigent, accoi'diug to his limited
means. Fifty yeai-s ago there were in the
city no hospitals, no asylums, no homes for
the old and the homeless, because there was
little or no need of them. To-day these in-
stitutions abound in our city, s-uffice for
every form of sulfei'iug, are ample in their
accommodations, complete in equipments,
and are directed by skilled and faithful
guardians. They are deservedly among the
chief glories of Rochester. Our two hospitals,
in sisterly rivalry, under the care of noble
and devoted women, leave no form of dis-
eased and crippled humanity uncared for ;
our four asylums offer shelter to all fatherless
and motherless little ones ; our many homes
welcome the broken down and unprotected
to food and a roof. In building up and
providing these institutions of christian
benevolence, the clergy have led the way and
shared the labor and anxiety incidental to
growth and success. If they lacked the heavy
purse, they held the magic wand with which
to strike the plethoric purses of their more
wealthy parishioners. Without being a pro-
fessional politician, the clergyman is often
called on to rise above the storm and fury
of heated political contests, and tone the un-
reasoning passions of angry partisans down
to sober thought and speech that detriment

H
H

to the repnhlif^'K welfare may not follow
through greed of political ambition and pre-
ferment. When danger to liberty and peace
fnl order threatens, he rises above the grade
of the jtolitician. nnd reaches to the dignity
of the patriot. His utterances are thought-
ful and weighty, and navor of the earnestness
and wisdom of the statesman.

" From the nature of his work and ofl&ce,
seemingly away from the people and not of
them, no man in a Christian community is
more of the people, with them and for them,
than the clergyman. He belongs to all
classes, is ever at their call and service, and
his church must be for the people Exponent
of the law of his Master, he l)riiigs it to bear
to restrain the unjust and uphold the op-
pressed. He rebukes, counsels, soothes and
comforts, rich and poor, as occasion may de-
mand. In our republic dignity and influence
wane as the clergyman recedes from the
people and their legitimate sympathies and
necessities ; they take on glory and power as
he comes nearer to the people in their daily
aspirations nnd struggles. He will never be
able to lead them, or check their unreason-
able and dangerous outbursts of frenzy,
unless the people fSel that their clergyman
is of them and with them in all lawful en-
deavors.

"In vain do we attempt to build up a
city in a Christian land on any other basis
than that of Christian morality. Prisons are
to hold in check the criminal classes, and
protect the law-abiding from their depre-
dations Churches and schools — and the
more Christian they are the better — are to
form character and conscience in the young,
and maintain them in the old, that the
criminal classes may not grow, Imt diminish
in number. Our churches and schools
have kept pace with the increase of popula-
tion. As the boundaries of the city widen,
churches adapted in size and adornment to
tli(> means of the people spring into exist-
(MU'o. They are new centers of Christianizing
influence."

"There is a species of church whose value
and significance should not be ignored. It
is the church — the sanctuary — of the home
whose head is its priest. No where else do
these sanctuaries so abound as here in
Rochester. Only one family dwt^Us under
the one roof. Tln^ privacy thus secured
guards the sacred ness of this Christian
home. Around the little house the light
and the sunshine play. There is room for
gai'den cultun^ and for flowers and fruits.
The moral atmosphere is the purer for the
seclusion, ajid for the freer air. A clergy-
man's task is less difficult when the mem-
bers of his llock ai(! so favorably housed
and protected from contamination.

"The record of the clergy of Rochester
during this half century is one that no
clergyman need be ashamed of. There have

Vieen able and illustrious men aincmg thcMU
in the j)ast; there ai'e such among til^'m to-
day. Th(^y need fear no man's sciutiny.
While the past is now under the microscope
of insi)ection, not to detect flaws and blem-
isiies, so miicli as to draw encoui-agenuMit
from knowledge of small bcgiiiiiiiigs end-
ing ill glorious success and pi-osj)ciity, the
clergy of tli(^ city point witli |irid<' to tluMr
work and court examination. The study of
the past will t<'a<^h meml)ers of other pro-
f(!ssions and of industrial and comnn-r-
cial l)odies much that is useful for
warning and guidancH^, and will
not to b(> thrown away oh us. Our respon-
sibility is the gi'eatest. Rightly more is
ex|iected of our ])rofession. The wonders
of mechanical achievements in the future
may eclipse all that this half century can
show, but if our (country, destined to be a
land of many cities counting their inhab-
itants by the million, cannot keep pace in
good order, respect for law and sound
morals, with this Increast^ of poi)ulation,
these crowded cities will beciome hot-beds
of vice, of lawlessness and of danger to
a republic foundc^d on principles of Chris-
tian morality and submission to law, iKun^ti-
ct^nt in its si)irit of justice aiul equality for
all, and free from partiality and favoritism
to individuals or classes."

Judge Macoraber responded to the toast :
"To the judiciary: Pure, able, independ-
ent ; the palladium of our rights and bul-
wark of our liberties — to whose honored
ranks our city has furnished some of the
foremost names our nation boasts." The
response was as follows :

"The judiciary could not be dropped
from the history of Rochester without se-
rious loss to the renown of the city. The
general growth of our city, the increase of
our population, the gradual spread of the
city limits, the substitution of new and ele-
gaiit buildings for the old, the expanding
fortunes which thrift and industrj' have
wrought, the advance in the arts and sci-
ences, are physical facts palpable to the
senses. We see them, therefore they are.
Within the same time there have been also
changes of legal systems, a develop-
ment of jurisprudence in our state,
none the ' less real, but which do
not strike so directly the senses, in effect-
ing which the city may take just praise to
itself for the part which she has borne. I
refer to the f^truggle in this state for a
thoroughly independent judiciary, for a
distinctively Jiidicial court, whose duty it is
to interpret the law and administer justice in
the light of legal science with historical
accuracy, and with an art which is born
only of learning and honesty. I say 'ju-
dicial court' advisedly; for ftn-merlj' the tri-
bunal wherein the ultimate judic-

ial authority was ^'osted, was, in the
colonial period, the governor and liis
associates, called a council, and la-
ter, and under the first constitution it was
vested in the lieutenant-governor and the
senate, the chancellor and the justices of
the supreme court. Men unacquainted with
legal principles and unskilled in the appli-
cation of establisned laws, though asso-
ciated with others who had both learning
and experience, had the power and the op-
portunity by their voice and their votes, to
make decisions and pronounce Judgmmits
which, however Just as arbitrations, would
not contributf^ much to the scientific value
of the law. The fact that so little actual
inconvenience was caused by this method
of pronouncing decisions in the court
of errors does not render the system
the less illogical and unscientific. When it
gave wa3', under the constitution of 1846,
to the court of appeals, a second anil a
mighty stride was taken towards making
the court of last resort a body such as the
imperial commercial supremacy of the state
demanded. But it fell just short of being
what was most desired. Trained lawyers,
rt is true, wore secured for its judges; but
m account of the representative element
n it from the supremo court, by which
.our justices of that court sat with the four
who were chosen as judges of the court of
appeals, a shifting or rotaiy motion was
given to it which detracted much from its
dignity. Its learning was equal to t\w de-
mands of the age, but it lacked that stal)il-
ity of membership which is so essential to
a court wherein the ultimate authority is
reposed. When the constitution of 18(in
was adopted, permancmcy of menibei'ship
was attain(Hl, and the most ardiuit evolu-
tionist in morals and governmental systems
could not well ask for more.

"In all this the city of Rochester, I have
said, may take a just pride; for since tli(?
adoption of tht^ constitution of 184C), tlu^
people of the state have not failed to look
her<^ foi' a mcmbcu' of that court, and ex-
c<'pt for a IVw years when a voluntary
resignation made a vacancy, this city has
not been without its representativ(^ in that
court. No lik(^ honor can, I believe, be
successfully claimed by any otlnu- city in
the state. Its I'oi'tune in that i-espcct is
uni<|ue. While, Iherefoi'e, we congiat ulate
each other to-day upon our niateri;il pros-
perity, the rellective nnnd will naturally
turn to the contemplation of the moi-i^ en-
during conti-ibution to th(>. judicature of the
state which its re|)r(\seidalives have made
and which shall last forever.

"The first of our juslic(^s of the supreme
court was William 15. Uocliester, who was
appointed in I.S2:i. He was not, I believe,
a I'esident of tlic- city at the time, but he
soon thereafter remov(Ml here. Our next
representative in that court Avas Addison

Gardiner. The honor of Vice-Chancellor
Whittlesey is ours also, being one of the
only two, I believe, who ever bore that dis-
tinctive ajjpellation. After 1846, Rochester
has never been unrepresented in the su-
))reme court. Samuel L. Selden, Theron
R. Strt)ng, E. Darwin Smith and George
W. Rawson well mejited the honor which
was bestowed upon them. I refrain from
speaking of the living ; but of the dead the
character of not one could be spared and
leave the judicial histoi-y of our city unim-
paired.

"Years hence the Hallam of our constitu-
tional history will find, that at Rochester
in an age whcMi political passion was rife,
there was found in Addison Gardiner a
judge who could not be swerved by the pas-
sion of partizan strife ; he will find in the
transitional period of a new constitutif)n
not only a Gardiner but Samuel L. Selden
and Henry R. Selden, whose decisions illu-
mined tile way to true development of a
pure and scientific jurisprudence; and an-
other whom you selected to respond to this
toast, but whose official duties preclude it,
George F. Datiforth, into whose worthy
hands the people placed the succession.

"These courts have •always shown not
only a disposition to preserve, but also an
ability to improve, and ttiereby have easily
met the changes in business by which new
property rights have been created and new
wrongs defined, and have impressed them-
selves favoraljly iqion the age, as may be
seen by the adoption, in a majority of the
states in the union, of their system of pro-
cedure, and in the repayment to England,
of any prior indebtedness of ours by the
enactment there of the judicature act of
1875, where so many of our law reforms
were ejigi'afted upon the ancient m<3thods
of English jurisprudence.

"Not deeming it fit to spealv further of
the influence of the city through the court
of which I am a member, and not at all of
its present occupants, I leave untouched
much of yo\n- honor and reputation among
in(Mi. Rut when I refh^ct how far-reaching
is its daily inlluenc(^ u]Min the li\es and
fort lines of the people, and how a case to-
day may Ik^ the precedent of to-morrow,
and the aiithoi-ity for generations to come,
I may with modesty exclaim,

"lliiW far tliul lilllc caiKlIc tlu'ews lii.s beam."

The toast to the bar was briefly but hap-
jiily responded to by W. F. Cogswell.

Dr. E. M. i\Ioore responded with charac-
teristic felicity to the toast "Medicine:"
\\ iiich "soothes our pains and shortens our
woes. Its duty done, the t(Mid<u' mercies
of the docloi- of divinity calms the troubled
breast and merge discordant fears into the
sweet harmony of eternal regt."

The toast proposed to the press was :

"The Press ; as in the past and present, so

may it l^e in tlie future, that :

' " Hero shall the press the people's rights mafn-

tain,
Unawed l)y iulliieiice and unbrlbcd l)y Kalii:
Here patriot truth her glorinus pi-ecepts draw,
Pledged to religion, liberty and law.' "

In response William Purcell said :

"Mr. President — As a citizen of Eocli-
ester in its village days, and during the half
century of its city growth, 1 feel that my
first duty on this occasion is to thank
Divine Providence for the preservation and
guidance that have kept nie here, and that
keep uic. here still. As one connected witli
the press of Rochewtcn- for more tium forty
years, I respond to tlie toast just offered in
its honor with peculiar pl(>asure. This is a
day of reminiscence — a day that nuirks an
epoch in the life of the municipality and
freshens the history of a most eventful
period. To many agencies does Eochester
owe its popidation and prosp(>rity, but to
no oth(>r on(> is it more indebted than to its
press. Rochester was Init a iiamlet in the
wilderness when, in IHKi, following the or-
gaiuzation of the first church with sixteen
members, and the first .school with a like
nundier of pupils, came from Utica Augus-
tine (1. Dauljy. son of one of the French he-
roes who fought in the revolution under La-
fayette, with a Ramage pr(\ss and the tyi)e
and furniture of a small printing ofiice, from
which he issued Rochester's first news-
paper, a weekly journal called the Gazetlr.
The publication of the first daily, not only
of Rochester but of the Unified States west
of All)anj-, tii(> Ailvirtisir, was commenced
ten years later, on the '25th of October, l)S2('i,
when the ])opulation of the villagi". was but
7,R()0. And it is a notable fact tliat that
Advertiser, which has swallow(>d up so many
rivals, still liv«>sand fiourislies as the l^nioii
and Advertiser, whil(> its weekly issue, the
Repuldiean, is the original (lazette (Estab-
lished by Mr. Daidw in IHK;. I shall not,
attempt to enumerate the many journals,
daily, weekly, and monttily, nearly on(» hun-
dred in number, that have come
and most of which -have gone,
since Rochester's first newspaper
appeared. Suffice it to say that all,
during their existence, and especially those
still alive, have ever been watchful and
jealous of the city's interests, and have
never let slip an opportunity to advocate
and advance them. Their aim and elfoit
have always been to conserve the pid)lic
weal — to uphold the right and put down the
wrong. And t\w survivors have kept ])ace
in their progress with tiie strides of the
t'ity. The primitive [)ress of Dauby that
with bed and ])laten struck off two hundred
and forty shei^ts an hour with twelv(> differ-
ut and distinct movements of manual la-

bor, has been succeeded by the steam rotary
that inci'i'ases the nundier of impressions
an huiulred fold without hunuin exiM'tion.
The aggiegate circulation of the daily press
of Rochester forty years ago did not Qx-
viH'd twenty hundred. To-day it is between
fifty and sixty thousand. All Western New
Yolk is tributai'v to llu" jir'essoi' Rochest(>r,
and is piactically suburlian territory of the
city. The dozen diflVrent railways that
I'amify the country round about afford siu'h
facilities for distribution that the villagers
along their lines, ten, twenty, fifty and
hutidi(>d Mal(>s distant, are enabled to read
their Rochcstc^r evening paper Ixd'oi-e su]i-
per, and their Rochester moiidng paper
iiefore breakfast, siftudtani'ouslv with the
p(H)ple of the city. This rapid intercourse
forms and establishes a cummuiuty of inter-
est, causes a constant f<x>ding of busim^ss
fi'om th(! circumference to the centr'(>, and
hence aids tlui building up of tlu; city that
is constantly going on.

"I shall not, Mr. President, weary the
company here assembled with any disserta-
tion on the press as a general topic. Its
power is known, its virtues are recogiuzed,
its ^•ices are deploi'cd. Electricity and
steam ha\e heighteneil the importance and
value of its best attributes. Through tht^sc
agencies it can gather in and spread abroad
tlie events of the day, the liour, the mo-
ment, in all parts of the world. Nay, the
press of Rochester, Ntuv \\)rk, can obtain
and pulilish a full account of what occurs
in Rochester, England, Ijcfore it transpires,
accoi'ding to the diurnal hour. Through
the agencies of electricity and steam the
press of the world could, by concert of ac-
tion, bring the minds of all the
civilized peopl(>s of the earth iido
communion and engage them in consider-
ation of any given subject at any given
timt^ Such an engine of thought is a mon-
ster power to be directed for good or evil.
Its increase of strength has, especially in
this country dui'ing tl'.e ])ast thirty years,
been wonderful. In ISfjO the nundt(M' of
iiewsitapers and periodicals puldished in
the United States Avas 2,52(i, and their cir-
culation by single issue 5.142,179. In 1880
the number had risen to 11,4:()3 and their
(•irculation to :U, 177,024. It has eoine to
]iass that aside fi-om the journals that cul-
tivate tlit^ fields of news and politics and
literaturt% the names of those that servc^ as
organs of the various braiich(\s of business,
trades, professions, miscellaneous indus-
tries and enterprises, and specialties of
various kinds are legion.

" There is nothing in the history of the
pi'ess of Rochestin" to which we can turn
with greater pride than to the talent and
.eharactcn- of those who have gone before —
most of them to their graves, but somt^ to
engage in other pursuits which tliey still
follow. Among the names of Rochester

editors readily called, several of them from
from the roll of fame, are those of Thurlow
Weed, the leader in this state of the auti-
Masoiiie, whig, and repidilican i>arties, in
the order of their suecession, for a period
of over thirty years; Henry O'lieilly, the
projector and builder of telegraph lines ;
Patrick Barry, the recognized head of the
gi'eat horticultural interests of the countiy ;
Luther Tucker and Dr. Daniel Lee, dis-
tinguishtMl writers on agriculture; William
Lyon Mackenzie, leadtu- of the Canadian
rebellion of 1837 ; Frederic Douglass,
whose North Star lit up the line of
the underground railroad and beaconed
many a poor runaway slave across
the border to Canada > Thomas W. Flagg,
T. Hart Hyatt, Isaac Butts, George Daw-
son, Orsamus Turner, Henry Cook, Samuel
P. Allen, Alexander Mann, and D. D. T.
Moore, Among the names of Rochester
publishers held in remembrance for their
many excellent qualities an- those of Au-
gustine G. Dauliy, Everard Peck, Derrick
Sibley, Robert Martin, Alvah Strong, Eras-
tusShcpai'd, Leonard and Lawrence Jerome,
Elihu F. Marshall and Joseph Curtis.

"If the present conductors of the press oi
Rochester shall leave behind them exam-
ple as good, and record as bright, as have
been left l)y those whose names stand out
boldest in the list of their predecessors,
they may confidently count upon honorable
retirement and rest in peace."

The next toast was : "Municipal govern-
ment; illusti'ious in liLstory as the cham-
pion of human rights, its integrity must be
maintained by the wisdom, firmness and
purity of its administration." The an-
nouncement of the name of Mayor Seth
Low of Brooklyn, elicited a burst of ap-
plause followed three hearty cheers. Mayor
Low's response was as follows :

"I cannot answer to this sentiment in the
spirit of prophecy. As a prophet I would
sell out cheap, but in history I count my-
self some. In this spirit let me speak. I
desire to say some things concei-ning a class
of experienires not familiar to a guest ma-
jority of my ln^arers. In explanation I can
do no better than repeat an anecdote which
has been told of Mayor Green of Boston.
At the time of which I speak the
cellar of one of the citizens in a low part
of the city was flooded with water. It was
particularly uid'ortunatc in this case, be-
causi' the good man kept hens in his cellar.
AfUu' the disasti'r he aj)peared at the office
of the tax collector and wanted his cellar
pum])ed out. The official argued that it
was his (hity to jmmp nam's pockets dry,
l)ut he could not proju'i'ly be called upon to
pum[) out flooded cellars. The good man
insisted that his hens would be drowned

and said, 'My name's Terry Muldoon and
I've fifty votes, and I want my cellar
pumped out.' To get rid of Teriy
the tax collector advised him to
go to see the mayor and he
went. In a few days he returned to the
tax collector's office with the same demand.
'My name's Terry Middoon and I've fiftj'
votes and I want my cellar pumped out.'
The official asked if Terry had visited the
mayor; if so, what the mayor had said
about pumping out the cellar. 'Ht^ only
said to me,' was the answer, 'Terry, man,
why don't you keep ducks V So you see a
mayor is called upon to solve a great many
questions in the private life of citizens.

"In the presence of the honored governor
of our state, who has himself been a maycn-,
and in the presence of half a dozen mayoj's
of cities, I cannot assume to speak as one
who knows all about it. I can only speak
of some things we have done in Brooklyn.
Our city government was formerly like
other cities, in the hands of a nundjer of
separate departments, each one of which
was a law unto itself. Each department
assumed the power to tear up our streets,
l)ut not one felt called upon to
repair the damage. We have

had triple headed and iu)n-partisan
Ijoards. Such commissions seem to have
l)ower to do harm enough, but little capa-
city to do good. In this way it has been
attempted to build cities upon the principle
of the division of the i-esponsibility. We
now have in Brooklyn one responsible head
to each executive department — one police
commissioner, one fire commissioner, one
health commissioner and so on. The
single head of a department, the one man
upon whom responsibility rests, fears the
blame that may fall upon him if he fails
to discharge his duty, but, what is a
more important consideration, he is anxious
to do well. If there is but one police com-
missioner, and the department is efficiently
managed, there can be no question as to
where the credit belongs. Brooklyn gives
to her mayor the power to administer the
city government and puts upon him
responsibility for the proper conduct of the
city's affairs. The nuxyor ofBrooklyn assumes
his office Jaruuiry 1, for a t(U'm of two years.
February 1 it becomes his duty to name
the heads of the several depaitments of
the city government. He has the sole
power of appointment. I claim our system
the most American of any in the country.
Whil<> th(> p(>ople, are attempting to right
one department, mider the system gener-
ally in vogue, another goes astray. When
a mayor comes up for election
the people know that he will assume re-
sponsibility commensurate with the power
with which Ik; is to be clothed. The people
know that they can nuike a city government
at one stroke ami that the mayor they elect
will be responsible to them while his term

of office lasts. How many of us can tell
exactly the relations whicli one official sus-
tains to another? If we find it difficult to
mark the lines how must it appear to the
mind of the naturalized citizen. The propo-
sition tliat everytliing rests upon the eh^--
tion of a mayor is one you can make clear
to the mind of any citiz(Mi, whether he be a
native or foreign born.

"We believe in home rule within proper
limits. We have suffered by the legislature
stepping in to tell us what to do in munici-
pal affairs and we have got tired of all of it.
We believe the legislature should limit the
debt-making power of cities. We don't be-
lieve though that the Jegislature should
step in and sav 'you must enter upon this
improvement or that whether you will or
not.' The debts of our cities
have been contracted in just this
way. Too often the desire of a
few men prevails with the legislature in
laying burdens upon the people. When
extraordinary or ordinary improvements
are to be made we want the work to be
done through home channels. We will ac-
cept some extraordinary machinery, pro-
vided it comes through the mayor who will
be responsible for its workings." In con-
cluding his remarks Mayor Low com-
mended the civil service law governing
municipal affairs, and spoke of the import-
ance of training citizens to appreciate the
importance of local political affairs. Mayor
Low's speech was received with vociferous
applause and three rousing cheers.

His worship the Mayor of Toronto, res-
ponded pleasantly to the toast "Our
Dominion Visitors. Separated from us
by lines of state, but near to our
hearts, and ever welcome to our shores,"
"I shall go back and tell my people," said
the speaker, "that notwithstanding we
are under different governments and
revere different flags, we find

in the United States and in Rochester
a kind, genei'ous and hospitable people."

The next toast was "The business in-
terests of Rochester, by whom the million
may be fed, clothed, shod and have their
needs supplied. May 'good goods' con-
tinue to be the motto and the whole world
be the market." To this toast William N.
Sage responded as follows:

"After the exhibition of to-day illustrat-
ing what Rochester can do and has done,
it is almost unnecessary to say anything
about our business interest. Rocliester
was established here on accountof the water
power of our noble Genesee. At the same
time we had this fertile country around of
whicjli this citj' . was the natural

center. A lai-ge proportion of our prosper-
ity has come since the granting of the
charter. Since then the entire railroad
system has entenMl Rochester, bringing in
its riches and creating employment foi-
many men. We have a class of men h(u-e,
who are enterprising, who carry on extens-
ive opei-ations throughout this entire sec-
tion. Now about the shoe business witia
which I have been somewhat connected.
That was started in 1835. It has been ex-
tending until there are factories established
whose reputation is known even to the
Rocky mountains. So we niigiit speak of
the clothing business, so of drugs, jewelry
and even the caskets in which we are laid
when we go to Mount Hope. I could speak
of the $18,000,000 in our savings banks. It
is a testimonial of the economy and indus-
try of our citizens." Mr. Sage referred to
Powers block, making a complimentary al-
lusion to the energy and enterprise of Mr.
Powers. Mr. Sage also referred to the ap-
proaching political campaien, saj'ing that
whatever the result we all be inspired with
enthusiasm for the ' ' land of the free and
the home of the brave."

Patrick Barry was called to respond to
the toast "Hoi'ticulture and Floriculture."
Mr. Barry was not present, but his re-
sponse was read.by W. C. Barry.

The next toast was : ' 'Our labor interest.
Labor,' said one of America's greatest
thinkers, 'is the grand conqueror, enrich-
ing and building up nations more surely
than the })roudest battles.' The history of
no city in our land more forcibly illustrates
the truth of tlus saying than that of Roch-
ester. Quietly, peaceably, without fortui-
tous assistance, but steadily and laborious-
ly she has gone forward. Who can esti-
mate hei- ol>ligations to those who have
borne the brunt, endured the heatanddone

the work of liei- upbuilding.

Hume H.

Cale was not piesent to i-espond and th^

toast was passed.

Th<^ paper prepared by Mr. Cale is as
follows :

That beautiful lithograph, the "Semi-centennial
Memorial, ' ' that has beeu issued, represents
with a few skilful touches the growth of Roch-
ester from a wilderness to its present state of
population and impor'ant^e. It also illustrates
clearly and deftly the growth of industrial tliought.
The industrial idea grows as a trei grow 5. It may
be, and is, crude at first; but continual grafting
and pruning, and experimenting improves ir, until
its fruit is seen in the beauty and perfection of oar
architectural and industrial surroundings. The
Indian pictured in that lithograph, the original
possessor of our soil here, had but a hazy
idea of architecture and the various forms
of industry. He knew enough to build a
wigwam, aiid tliat was all. His constructiveness

went no further. His idea of industry was the pro-
curement of enougli game to sustain life from day
to day, and with this rude form of Hving and doing
lie was content The pioneer wlio succeeded him,
whose sturdy ami Irveled the forests and laid the
foundation for our city's existence, had an industrial
idea a triflle more advanced. His constructiveness
went as far as ihe building of the rude log cabin.
His industrial thouglit culminated in the felling of
ihe fore.st and in the cultivation of tlie scant acres
he had redeemed from wildness. Each generation
is content with its industrial thought and its archi-
tectural surroundings. Tne pioneer was
content wirh his cabin and his plat of
clearing, and probably enjoyed his life as
much as— if not more than— we do ours.
The industrial thought grew and tne saw-mill
came, and with it came the crude framed dwelling,
unplastered, unpainted, unadorned. The saw-
mill is the pioneer. It widened ihe scope of in-
dustry. It evolved a farm from the clearing. It
g«ve to the banks of the Genesee a village destined
to become a great city The pioneers were uncon-
scious of the growth or their industrial tliought.
It grew as naturally as plants grow. They knew
not what they were building, nor had they an idea
that the industrial thought would widen and de-
velop and result in the order of things visible to us
to-day. Had one predicted then the city as we
know it, without doubt he would have been looked
upon as having something out of gear in his
mental machinery. The brickyard is the
civiliser— the second mile post on the
road of pioneer progress. The industrial
idea developed a brick dwelling, a brick block, rows
of brick blocks, a village of brick— a city of brick
and stone and marble, with all the wealth and
beauty of architectural adornment. The first ef-
forts were crude and excite our amusement to-day,
but the fruits are seen in that grand block of Pow-
ers', and in this stately hotel in which we celebrate
the growth of the industrial tliought of the men
who made Rochester.

In the development of that thought the rude
mortar and pestle of the Indian gave way to the
millstone with all the milling improvements, and
there was built up here a great industry that gave
us the name, ' 'Flour City. ' ' The clearing of the
•pioneer which he tilled with such diffi-
culty and watched with anxiety developed
our fertile nurseries with their prolific
wealth of beauty and gave to us our more modern
' ' Flower City. ' ' Trace the thought and the chan-
nel widens. The lap.stone of the humble shoemak-
ers in tlie little Genesee village developed our vast
shoe industry. The forge and anvil of the village
blacksmith wore touched with the wand of prog-
ress, and in their stead sprang up our busy machine
shops. In each advance of this industriP'l thought
is seen the strong arm and skilled hand of labor.
What our citisens are celebrating to-day witii such
generous enthusiasm is the creative genius of la-
bor. Underneath all of our fair city's beauty and
prosperity lies labor— the labor of " brain and of
hand. Before this creative genius all men should
bow with profound respect. May we not
hope that the time will come when
all men shall acknowledge, with

Daniel Webster, that ' ' the greatest interest of the
country, the cause of all its prosperity, is labor,
labor, labor? ' ' May we not hope that the day will
come when all men shall recognise the truth that
the labor question is the first (luestion to be settled
in civil society, that on it all other questions and
conditions depend? May we not hope that the time
will come when men shall ))ay less attention to tlie
superficial industrial thought and have a more gen-
erous regard fur actual and practical labor? That
day is coming. It is foreshadowed to-day in the
cordial response of all classes of our citisens to cel-
ebrate the growth of that thought which has built
up the industrial interests of the city of Rochester.

Mayor Parsons announced as the next
toasf'Our veterans. Who offered their lives

that onr country might live. We rejoice it
was not necessaiy to eomjilete sacrifice that
they wert^ so ready to make, and that so
many survived to celebrate with us this
festal day. To them and their companions
who have gone before we owe the salvation
of e)iir nation and the safety of our city. To
them all honor, glory and praise." Hon.
H. H. Grenideaf responded to the toast sub-
stantially as follows :

"I thank you for your cordial greeting
but most especially Mr. President I thank
you for assigning to me this toast. What
soldier would not take pride in responding
to this toastV We are thrilled with high
resolves at the two words 'our veterans.'
Do we understand what they imply V These
words express love of country and loyalty •
to the old flag. Do we really understand
they spejik of deserted firesides, of weeping
maidens, of physical and mental suffering
greater than men could bear. Thej' speak
of the sentry guard. They speak of the at-
tack and the tented field, of Sherman's
march to the sea, and especially these
words speak of the 1st New York Veteran
brigade, of whose deeds on the field of bat-
tle Rochester nuiy be justly proud. They
remiiid us of ignominious defeat and glori-
ous victoiy. They remind us oi Lexing-
ton, Bunker Hill and Yorktown. They
stand for the republican form of govern-
ment. They stand for civil and religious
liberty for the United States of America.
This beautiful city of flowers, literallj' biult
on a rock, whose fiftieth anniversary we
meet to commemorate to-night, this empire
state with its 5,0U0,0(I0 people, this magni-
ficent country, grander than any other,'now
in fact the land of free and the home of
ijrave owe more of their general prosperity
and true glory to our veterans who defended
their country in the days that tried men's
souls, than thc^y ever can repay. Do what
we and our children can, they will be the
country's creditors still."

The following toast was "The Ladies,

'They walk in beauty, like tho night
Of cloudless climes and starry skies;

And all that's best of dark and bright
Moot in their aspect and their eyes.'

Thus sang the poet of the ladies of other
days, thus say we of the noble wives,
mothers and sisters who have done so
much to nuxke our city what it is, and of
those who to-day make life ami home
lovely and attractive." J. B. Perkins, who
it was exiiected would respond, was not
present, but he sent the following letter
which was read by Charles E. Fitch :

"I said at the time, that if after fifty
years of corporate life, Rochester could not
produce a toast committee which shyuld

COL. NATHANIEL ROCHESTER.

, . . ^ ,,--,. .,. , , . , prominently

engaged ni the struggle, both in military and legislative offices. After the war, he again em-
barked in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits, at Hagerstown, Maryland. In 1788 he
married Sophia, daughter of Wm. Beatty, Esq., of Marj'land. '

Col. Rochester's connection with this section dates as early as 1803. in which year he visited
the Genesee, where he appears to have become the purchaser of six hundred acres of land, which
was made with the intention of removing to it with his family. In 180-t he again visited the
Genesee, when the "Hundred-acre Lot," now included in our city, was obtained, at seventeen
dollai-s and fifty cents per acre. In 1810 Col. Rochester first became a resident of Western New
York, at Dansville, where he lived five years, and erected a large paper mill and various othei*
manufacturing establishments. In 181.5 he removed to a farm in Bloomfield. After remaining
there three years, in 1818 he took up his residence in this city, which, in the interim, had received
his name. In Januaiy, 1817, Col. Rochester officiated as secretary of the CJonvention, at Can-
andaigua, which urged the construction of the Erie Canal. During the succeeding years of his
active life he was prominently identified with the growth and improvement of our city, and held
many offices of public trust, serving twice as presidential elector, the first as Clerk of the County
of Monroe, Member of the Assembly, etc.

In the spring of 18:M a law passed, granting a charter for the " Bank of Rochester," when
Col. Rochester was appointed one of the commissioners for taking subscriptions and apportion-
ing the capital stock. In June of the same year he was unanimously elected president of that
correct and vigorous institution. The office (with that also of director) was resigned in Decem-
ber following, it having been originally taken only at the urgent solicitation of a number of his
fellow citizens, and with the avowal that, as soon as the bank was successfully in operation, he
must be permitted to resign. When this resolution was carried into effect, the Colonel was only
two months from completing his seventy -fourth year.

The relations of Col. Rochester to this city, after the period of his retirement from the bank,
were those rather of personal influence than personal activity. The age and bodily infirmity,
however, which restrained the latter, gave weight to the former. His opinions came with the
experience of three-score and ten. His example was enforced by the tried morality of a long
life, and the higher sanction of religious conduct and hope. His disinterested use of the property
he had, afforded evgry facility for a thrifty and prosperous population. From the commence-
ment he sold the lots on terms the most liberal, and encouraged, by his personal benefactions,
every plan of general utility. He died May 17, 1831, after an illness of several weeks.

choose a more appropriate person tluiu my-
self to answer the toast ot the hiditis, it
spoke poorly for the city. I must now give
the worst proof of my unfitness for the
honor by being recreant to the cause I have
cigreed to espouse; but imperative business
takes me fi'om the city to-morrow. You can
more than fill my place by choosing some
poet to sing their (ilutrms or some wit to
protend to point out thinv imaginiiry foiljles.
If all fail, get some Mormon saint, who can
speak from a lai'ge and varied experitMice.

Dr. Oronhyateka of London, C'anada, was

called upon by Judge Morgan to mak(* a

brief speech. He spoke substantially as

follows :

"Since the gentleman who was to iuive
responded to the toast, '•The Lailies," has
faibnl us, it is extremely unfortunutc^ that
1 am not a poet, which seems to be a-n
(issrntial in responding to this toast. Still,
as an Indian I think I maj' cdaim some
right to respond to the toast. I am
well aware that white men look
down on the Indians as an in-
fi-rior race. This is a great mis-
taki\ Let me in a few words show you
why tlie Indians are a superior race. One
of the evidences taken by the scientials in
Judging of a people is the language. NoAV
when an Iiulian gets so full of feeling that
h(^ must swear he has to borrow his langu-
ages from tlie English. An Indian can not
swear in his own language. That is one evid-
ence of the superiority of the Indians. It is a
common belief among the whites, I know
very well, that we make the women do all
the work. That is a mistake. Our wonuui
are free. I would no more think of oppos-
ing the little queen who rules over my
honu; than I would think of mandiing into
this state to retake our ancient heiitage.
In our councils when we cannot agree we
call in the women. If yf)u would follow our
e.\anii)le you would still be more pi'ospered.
All our chieftanships descend through the
women."

MORE FIREWORKS IN THE EVENING.

Toward evening the weather grew milder,
and tlie centime of the city was filled by haU-
past eight with dense crowds in anticipation of
enjoymont from the fire works. Tlie rity was
beautifully illuminated. Every building of
prominence was decked with Chinese lanterns,
while additional electric lights added brilliancy
to the scene. The pyrotechnic display was very
fine. Several firms furnished set pieces, and
the sky was continually filled with rockets and
other aerial pieces. Colored lights burned on
Powers' tower and the Kimball chimney ailded
gi-eatly to the pictiu'e. Only two serious acci-
dents occurred; and those at H. H. Warner's on
N. St. Paul street during the firing of some
fire-piece. The Rochester Savings bank build-
ing was beautifully illuminated, "R. S. B.,

1^:^!," being illustrated upon both fronts. The
fol](jvviii}< iirc tlie l)uildiiigs most conspicuous
for the illuiiiiuat ion: Powers Hlock, the Powers
Hotel, Reynolds Arcade, Smith, Perkins &
Co.'s liuilding, the Baker hlock, A. S. Mann I'v:
Co., E. J. Arnold it Co., Sibley, Lindsey &
Curr, Brewster, Crittenden &; Co., the Warner
building and the stores of Caufman, Diukel-
spiel & Co., J. W. Rosenthal i^c Co., Stein
Bloch & Co., S. J. Arnold, Burke, l^^itzSinions,
Hone & Co. on N. St. Paul street.

After the fire works the small -boy — to the
number of two or three hundred — paraded the
principal streets armed with tin horns and
drums. Their anthusiasm was damiiened only
when a copious rain began to descend shortly
before midnight, when the semi-centennial
celebration, may be said, was over.

In looking back at the celebration the peojile
of Rochester may well be proud of the event
that gave them an oi)portuiiity for such a dis-
play. The magnanmity of the citizens in con-
tributing liberally to the fund and their indi-
vidual efforts to make the occ-asion a success,
bespeak for Rochester a marvellous growth in
the next half-century of its life as a city, into
which we have but just entered. The celebra-
tion was a comi)lete succ-ess, and will be re-
membered for maxiy years. To those who pro-
posed the proper oliservance of the day, not less
than to those who skillfully carried it to a
brilliant termination, are due the thanks of the
people of the city.

The Press on the Celebratiou.

THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL.

[Democrat and Chronicle, June 9.]

To-day Rochester is in holiday attire. She is
jubilant over the anniversary which marks her
birth as a muuicipalitj'. AVith joy expressed in
her decorations, fair in her summer gloiy of
green sward and blooming flowers, she makes
high festival for her children and welcomes her
gaiests within her borders.

Rochester may well celebrate this anniver-
sary. Few eastern cities can show a moie rapid
growth or enjoy a more anijile prosperity than
that which has been vouchsafed to Rochester.
Fifty years ago she had a j)opulation of about
i:i,0O0' people. To-day she has over 100,000,
some, who claim to be well informed, placing it
as high as 120,000. Her manufactories are many
and of a vai-ied character. Her merchants are
among the most enterprising in the state. Her
common schools, her university and her theo-
logical seminaries are of the highest order of
excellence. By belts of iron running in every
direction, she is connected with the outside
world. She is the market for a larger territory
than any citj' in the state outside the metropo-
lis. She has received the benefit of the in-
dustries of many ditt'erent races which here com-
bine in harmonious efforts for the common
weal. Both the German and Irish element
form a very considei-able portion of the popula-
tion, and, as they heartily unite with other
nationalities in the festivity of the day, it is
proper that they should understand the full
measure of the obligations which citizens of
American birth feel toward them for what they

have contributed to the advancement of the
common interests. This is to be a celebration
in which all will participate.

In other ways, the history of Rochester will
be dwelt upon to-day, and it is a matter for
congratulation that, "through the industry of
competent literary labors, much of that his-
tory is to assume permanent form in volumes
worthy of the inspiration that has produced
them. We need not therefore enter into the
details of that history which embraced seventy
years of progress from the forest to the great
city ; but it hardly seems possible that such a
transformation has been wrought within the
comparatively brief period indicated, as has
here been witnessed. Less than a century ago
all Western New York was a wildeiiiess. To-
day it is studded with populous cities and
thriving villages, within a garden fair as a
dream of Beckford or Moore. Let us all rejoice
and be exceeding glad for all the blessings we
have received, and make these hours, fleeting
though they are, memorable for the emphasis
we give them.

OUR SEMI-CENTENNIAL.

[Rloming Herald, June 9.]
Among the ancient Greeks the city was the
unit of the body politic. It »was the state ; it
was the nation. To be a citizen was to be a
resident of the city, and the resident of the city
alone possessed the highest civil rights. The
citizen lived only for the welfare of the city, to
bear its arms, to exult when it won on the
battle field or applaud when it carried off the
honors of the forum or the laurels of the am-
phitheatre. The citizen had everything to
make civil life enthusiastic and invigorating.
His feelings swelled or were depressed in pro-
portion as his dear city became exalted or suf-
fered eclipse. This system could not flourish in
these times even though we would have it so ;
and who would have it so? The political anat-
omy of these hellenic cities is one thing, but
their social anatomy is quite another. The
most enthusiastic Rochesterian be he wise, does
not wish to- day to see his citj' through the eyes
of an ancient Greek. We do not celebrate to-
day an event which cut us off from the green
fields beyond and made us an autonomous body
as was the ancient city. We do celebrate the
fiftieth anniversary of an event which conferred
upon us local self-government, but left us a
part of the empire state and the county of
Monroe, a part of the far famed Genesee valley,
the fountain of our prosperity and our riches;
which made us a body corporate. To-day this
body corporate is a living thing. It breathes,
and we rise and fall with the heaving of its
breast. Life blood speeds through its arteries.
It feels. It has emotions. A city is truly a
living body. It lives on and on, assimilating
the food which the industry of its inhabitants
provides and developing new bone and muscle,
blood and brain ; or it wanes, languishes and
dies.

The significance of the celebration which we
commence to-day, of the fiftieth anniversary
of our corporate existence, is plain, therefore,
if we do but observe the simile of the living
body. We have grown because we have been
industrious, because we have made the most of
our opportunities. Every citizen, be he a mil-
lionaire or a day laborer, is a part of the living

organism. He is one of its members. Let him
I'ejoice then and see to it that we continue
taking on bone and muscle, blood and brain ;
that the body corporate performs its functions
well and honestly; that it does not stultify it-
self or abuse and disgrace the powers and duties
of a living body.

THE SEMI-CENTENNIAL.
[Post- Express, June 9.]
As Webster said at the Bunker Hill monu-
ment celebration— The orator of the occasion
stands before us, and is silent.

Rochester, the Beautiful and the Busy, is the
best orator and the most striking monument of
her progress and prosperity.
" Esto perpetua !"

A FITTING FINALE.

[Union and Advertiser, Jmie 11.]
Rochester's Semi- Centennial jubilee closed
last evening with a grand banquet at the Pow-
ers Hotel and a gorgeous street illumination
later on. Distinguished guests from abroad
have left for their several homes, admittedly
bearing with them the favorable impressions
of Rochester's solid prosperity and cordial hos-
pitality. On the whole, our celebration has
been a marked and gratifying success. While,
however, everybody else has given himself up
to enjoyment of the events of the past two
days, the editor, reporter and compositor has
had double woi'k to do. Parenthetically, it
may be remarked that it is a pity some fete can-
not be invented in which all may participate
without respect or attention to business or call-
ing of any name or nature. The semi-centen-
nial proceedings had to be reported and com
mented upon at length, so that while it lasted
the newspapers of Rochester were compelled
to devote double duty as well as double space
to the event and the occasion. After all, the
task has been a laboi- love, since Rochester's
glory is its journalists' highest pride. How
charmingly interesting, too, have been the pub-
lished reminiscences, stories, and incidents of
Rochester's early days — its rise, prosperity, and
magnificent development! Thej^ tell of our
city's progress from a savage wilderness to a
garden of delight — from a trackless forest to a
leading centre of civilization and commerce ;
and they have been and will continue to be ea-
gerly read by hundreds of thousands, not here
alone, but in every part of the American Re-
public, where a Rochester man or woman, boy
or girl, may chance to be. Older citizens, who
have witnessed the growth of events herein de-
scribed, almost from the outset, as well as those
who have known Rochester a shorter time, will
preserve these records for future pleasurable
reference. No one can peruse them without
pardonable pride at what has been accomplish-
ed by an industrious, enterprising and cultured
people in but half a century of time.

How fair a city is Rochester, the goddess of
the Genesee! P^nthroned upon its banks, the
incense of her industry, like the perfume of her
flowers, spreads her fame throughout the
world.

OUR CELEBRATION.

[Sunday Morning Herald.]

Rochester's serai-centennial celebration was

a success in its every detail, and reflects credit

upon those who had its management in charge.

It has jn'overl of vahie at home and abroad.
Many of our citizens had but a faint concej)-
tion of the almost endless variety of connner-
cial and manufacturinj^ pursuits which are
carried on within the limits of the city. It is
long since we have had a procession which
brought them out, and those who have seen
former pni'ades nnist liave been struck with the
great increa.se in variety and imjfortance in the
la.st few years. Rochester has grown very rap-
idly in the last decade; more rapidly than dur-
ing any other i)eriod of its history. Tlie prom
ineiit gentlemen from abroad who visited us
and saw the almost endless stream of wagons
on which were given exhiliitions of Rochester's
iiidustiial wealth must have gone home with
better ideas of the importance of tlie city than
they have had before. Oui-s is an inland city,
a ([uiet, conservative town, rapid in only one
thing — piling up the nmnicii)al debt. Not be-
ing a grain or shipping center, it is but seldom
that the world's attention is called to us. The
prevailing imjjression abroad has been that
Rochestei- wa-s a sort of au over grown village,
of little imjjortance in the commercial world.
The fact is, that as a manufacturing center oui-
city is rapidly going to the front. AVith the
railroad facilities it now has there is no reason
why it should not take the lead. If we can
oidy manage to keep oui" taxes a little nearer
what they should be we might almost hope that
the centennial celebration of Rochester will
show her one of the most important cities on
the continent.

ROCHESTER'S GREAT DAY.
[Sunday Truth.]

The day came. The day has gone. Never
before has Rochester beheid such a gala daj',
such enthusiasm, such generous exhibitions of
love and respect for our fair city. The pioneers
who bravely peneti'ated the forests here a half
century and more ago, felled the wilderness,
and erected their humble log cabins where now
stand our spacious mansions and stately blocks,
never in their wildest flights of fancy dreamed
that half a century would see on the banks of
the CTcnesee a city of such beauty and exten-
sive population, never predicted that an en-
thusiastic populace would so warmly praise the
foundations they then laid.

The growth of Rochester is something to be
proud of. It ranks to-day among the first
cities of our country, and is surpassed by none
in the natural beauty of its surroundings. The
ceremonies of Tuesday were in all respects ap-
propriate to the occasion, and will long be re-
membered.

Rochester to-day is ripe in the experience
gained during the fifty years of her life, and
enters upon her second half century under cir-
cumstances the most favorable. What the city
will be fifty years from now who can predict i
Who can tell how extensive its boundaries, how
dense its population, how prosperous its peopled

Of the thousands who participated in the
ceremonies Tuesday none, in all probability, of
the adults will live to celeVirate the hundredth
annivei-sary of our city's life and growth. The
quietness of Mount Hope and the white-crown-
ed cemeteries of the city will suiTound them.
Then- children, many of them, will gladly cel-
ebrate that day, and will sound the praises of

the men who to-day are jdaying their honora-
ble part ni the upbuilding and perfecting of
Rochester.

FROM OUTSIDE JOURNALS.

[Buffalo Courier.]

The growth of Rochester is thorougldy sound
and healthy. The city is in the heart of a lin^
agricuitm-al lounti-y studded witli happy vil-
lages and coiiifortable farm liouses. It is ac-
cessible through a network of eiglit more oi-
less important railways. ( )nce tlie great mill-
ing town of the country, it has gradually nnd-
tiplied the foi-ms of its industries, and is now
noteti in various branches of manufacture,
especially in the .shoe and clothing trades. In
days of old it wa.s the Flour city, but now since
the development of its great nurseries and seed
houses it is known as the Flower city. It is a
beautiful tow^u. Seen from Mount Hope or the
Pinnacle in midsunnuer it is so coveied with
the foliage of its shade trees as to look like a
vast grove. It has no single street as fine as
Delaware avenue, but it can boast of a few
handsome thoroughfares, and it has miles of
streets lined with pretty (hvellings set off by
n^at gra-ssy dooryards. There are few mean
quarters in the town. It is good in almost all
directions. The distinguishing glory of the
city is that so many of its working people own
their own homes, and are able to make them
trim and comfortable. Of cour.se there is pov-
erty and misery here and there, but we think
no city ia the world of its size has less of either
than Rochester. Its char.*cteristics are quiet-
ude, intelligence, and contented industry. It
has nearly all the advantages of the modern
American city in the way of good schools,
decent churches, commodious hospitals and
asylums, admirable water- works, and, if they
may be called advantages, beautiful ceme-
teries. But withal it must be said that Roches-
ter is sadly lacking in public spii-it. It has no
soldiers' monument ; no public library w'orthy
of the name ; no great hall ; and no park be-
yond three or four old-fashioned " .-quares,''
though the banks of the lower Genesee might
be turned into a suburban paradise. The rich
men of Rochester, unlike the rich men of
buffalo, seem not to have learned that it is
either their duty or their interest to do any-
thing for the benefit of the community in
which thej' have prospered. Perhaps their
local patriotism may be aroused to some extent
by the memories and the hopes kindled in the
excitement of their semi-centennial celebration.
Never bef<jre has Rochester been so thoroughly
awake, and so eagei'ly enthusiastic, and the
fair city in its holiday adornments is indeed a
pleasant sight. Again we present our best
wishes and congratulations.

[Syracuse Staudanl.]
Rochester is, in a conspicuous way, a type of
the flourishing American cities which were
planted b}' the rugged pioneers who, in the
early years of the century, sought homes in the
wilderness which then compassed Central and
Western New York. Numbering now a popu-
lation of 110,000 soids, our sister city has out-
stripped many of her companions, and the
denizens of Rochester do well in setting apart
two days of this week in which to commemo -
rate the men and the events that made possible

the prosperous Rochester of to-day. Syracuse
greets her thriving neighbor.

[Albany Argus.]
Rochester is the dividing point of tho.se who
wish to go to Buffalo and of those wtio are bound
for Niagara Falls. There is no other city in
the United States which can claim this distinc-
tion. It is unique. Mijreover, Rochester has
not only a university, but it has an observ
atory. That observatory is the manufactory
of more comets than anv other in the world —
although in zone work the Dudley Observatory
here is, in the slang of science, the Boss insti-
tution of the country. Among the products of
Rochester have been the Fox sistei-s and Miss
Susan B. Anthony, with an entail of isms as to
suffrage, religion and love which has made the
city a theatre of sciolism equalled by few and
excellsd by none. Nothing need be said of the
Powers block or of the encroachments on the
blue line. There is no other city in the State
which can equal them.

[New York Star.]
Rochester was inebriated with the exuber-
ance of her pride and patriotism yesterday.
The culmination of the exercises by which she
is celeljrating her semi-centennial with so much
pomp and cu'cumstance was attained at noon.
Governor Cleveland, the State officials and
10,000 people from out of town participated in
the ceremonies.

[Utica Herald.]
The Rochester semi-centennial was a com-
plete success, and the most elaborate demon-
stration that has ever occurred in Western
New York.

[.Albany Express.]
It is not surprising that Rochester is making
much of its semi-centennial. The people of
that town ought to for they have one of the
finest and most interesting cities in the coun-
try.

[New York Mail and Express.]

Rochester has good reason for celebrating her
fiftieth birthday with a great demonstration.
The building of such a (;ity in half a century
is truly a marvel.

[New York Graphic (with Illustrations).

Rochester, the loveliest city in the State, if
not in the Union, celebrates her semi-centen-
nial to-day.

Characteristic ClipiMiiss.

[From the Daily Nt'wsp;ipers ilufiiis the Cele-
bration.]

It is expected that over ;^.000 Knights of Labor
will appear in IJie procession.

As the jKjlice authorities anticipate a large
arrival of thieves in the city, Chief McLean
advises residents not to leave their houses un-
occupied Tuesday.

It should be umlerstood generalh' by this
time that the school children will not nian^h in
to-morrow's parade. They will lie massed on
Church sti(!et during the passage of the proces-
sion and no longer.

Sextons are requested by the Mayor and
general committee to ring their church bells
from 12 M. to 1 p. m. Monday. They can apply
for compensation at the ]\iayor's office Wed-
nesday.

Mrs. Washington Gibbons has allowed the
original oil portraits of Colonel Nathaniel
Rochester and his wife, painted in 1S22, and
also the portrait of Jonathan Child, to be
placed in the window of E. Darrow & Co., on
East Main street.

Mrs. O. Hanford, who resides with her daugh-
ter, IVIrs. S. G. Hollister, West avenue, has re-
sided in this city sixty -two years and she should
have been invited to and assigned a seat on, the
reviewing stand with the venerable Mrs. Abe-
lard Reynolds, who is over one hundred years
of age.

One of the special police approached his su-
perior officer last night with a troubled look on
his face and asked in a confidential way, " Say,
put me where there ain't much fighting, will
you ?" The services of such a man in a crowd
are most valuable.

Nehemiah Osburn has resided in this city
sixty -three years, and no man has done more
towards building up the city than he, and some
of the finest buildings in the city are monu-
ments of his industry. He is still actively en-
gaged in the erection of buildings, and bids fair
to pass many more years among us. He was a
voter in the village of Rochesterville in 1823.

The executive board requests that merchants
on streets through which the procession is to
pass, will remove everything from the walks in
front of their places of business to-morrow.
This refers to boxes, barrels, ash receptacles,
market stuff and merchandise generally.

Mrs. Elizabeth Cowles, widow of the late
Norman Cowles, 63 Delevan street, is probably
the oldest lady teacher i-esiding in Rochester
to-day. Fifty years ago this summer she was
teaching on Jackson street in this city, and at
the present time one of her daughters. Miss E.
Francis Cowles, is teacher in public school No.
IS, where she has taught for a number of
years.

One of the features of the celebration is the
decoration of Smith, Perkins & Co., in which
is displayed a very fine portrait, by Gilbert of
Elijah F. Smith, the first Mayor of the city
elected by the people. Previous to that time
the Mayor of the city was elected by the Com-
mon Council. E. F. Smith was born in Con-
necticut, in 1791 and came to Rochester from
Virginia in 1S2(); in the same year founiling the
firm of E. F. & A. G. Smith, the predecessors
of Smith, Perkins & Co. Mr. Smith died in
ISSO. The ])oitrait is treasured bv the firm,
for whom it was painted, as one of the best of
mementoes of the founder of the old house.

The original historic oil painting, now on ex-
hibition in the window of Morris' bookstore in
Powers' Block, is the ai'tistic work of a grand-
daughter by marriage of Hamlet Scrantom,
the man who built the log house in 1S12 repre-
sented in the painting, and stood on the very
site where Powers' magnificent structure now
stands. And there is still living one member of
the original Scrantom family, who with com-

mendable pride points out the trees, the stumps,
and cool water spiings around the old log
house, the very house in which the first white
couple were married, the bride a daughter of
Hamlet Wcrantom, the groom the father of the
late Henry Barnard.

Rochester of To-Day-

The subject of Rochester of to-day is a vast
one, that in detail would make several good-
sized volumes. The following is a brief but
comprehensive view of the fourth city in the
Empire State. The pi-esent (uty boundaries
include 11, :.'()() acres. The city is divided
into l<> wanls, and the estimated p()i)idati(jn is
lO.'J, ()()(). The population is quite cosmoj)oli-
tan for an inland city. Ne.xt to the native
born the Germans stand highest in nunibei-s,
and the Irish next. Following table shows
the growth in population :

POPULATION OF THE crrV.

1K18..
1820. .
1822. .
182.5. .
182l>. .
1830. .
1834. .
1840..

50.

02.

10,830 1875 81,

12,252 1880 89,

20,191

THE CITY GOVERNMENT.

331

1845

1,049

18.50

2,502

18.55

2,700

1800.

5,2T3

1865

7,(it'.0

18T0

905
403
,8TT
204
940
380
000
303

Cornelius R. Parsons, Mayor.

Ambrose (;. MeCilachliu, Treasurer.

H. F. McGUicliliii, Assistant.

Jolui N. Beckley, City Attornej-.

G. FortSlocum, Assistant City Atturney.

Peter Sheriilan, City Clerk.

Oscar H. Peacock, City Surveyor.

William H. Siiiit.h, A.ssistaut City Surveyor.

Frank J. li'wiu. City Mes.senger.

John Lutes, Overseer of the Poor.

City Assessors— Jolm Gorton, Valentine Fleckeii-
stein] William Maher.

Stephen Rauber, City Sealer.

Arthur McCorniick, Fire Marshal.

A. H. Martin, Milk Inspector.

City Physicians— D. A. Hoard, G. A. Guniberts,
George D. Benford, Thomas A. Daly, Heni-y M.
Fenuo, Henry C. Koch.

COMMON COUNCIL.

President, ,J. Miller Kelly,
First Ward— William H. Tracy.
Second Ward — Martin Barron.
Third Ward— Anion Bronson.
Fourth Ward— Charles Watson.
Fiftli Ward— Henry Kolilnietz.
Sixth Ward -Elias Slrouss.
Seventh Ward— Charles A. Jeffords.
Eighth Ward -John H. Foley.
Ninth Ward -F. S. Upton.
Tenth Ward -James M. Pitkin.
Eleventh Ward— Peter G. Sieuer.
Twelfth Wai-d- Henry Rice.
Thirteenth Ward— Christian Stein.
Fourteenth Ward — James M. Aikenhead.
Fifteenth Ward— J. Miller Kelly.
Sixteenth Ward- John B. Sinmielink.

BOARD OF KDCCATION.

President— Charles S. Ellis.

First Ward— John E. Durand.
Second Ward — James (). Howard.
Third Ward— Thomas McMillan.
Pourtli Ward — Homer A. Kingsley.
Fifth Ward— Charles S. Cook.

Sixth Ward— Fletcher M. Thrasher.
Seventh Ward— Milton Noyes.
Eighth Ward— Thomas A. "Raymond.
Ninth Ward— William .1. McKelvey.
Tenth Ward— Charles S. Ellis.
Eleventh Ward Henry Kleindienst.
Twelfth Ward -Thomas H. Magiiire.
Thirteenth Ward— Frederick C. Loebs.
Fourteenth Ward— August Kinimel.
Fifteenth Ward— J. P. Riekard.
Sixteenth Ward— Frank H. Vick.
Superintendent of Public Schools-S. A. Ellis.

HEALTH DEPARTMENT.

Conniiissioners— John W. Martin. E. B. Chace
Timotliy Derrick, Dr. F. B. (iallery. Dr. Edward M
Moore, James O. Howard. Kegisti-ar— Alfred Wedd
Health (tflicer-Dr. J. J. Burke.

Vincent
Evans.

KXCISK C()MM1SSK)NKUS.

M. Smith, Conrad Herzherger, James P.

EXECUTIVE HOAKD.

Samuel B. AVilliams, President. Members— George
W. AMrldge, Byron Holley. Thomas J. Neville,
Clerk. Gilbert II. Keynold.s, Street Suiieriiilcndent.
The Executive Boai'd has charge of Ihe streets, the
Water Works and hire Depaitments. The city re-
ceives its water sn|)|)ly from Hemlock lake, twenty-
eight miles south of the city. Thei-e are |s>.45 miles
of water pipe laid in the city.

POLICE UEI'AKTMENT.

Mayor Parsons, Fredei'ick Zinuncrand Joseijh W.
Rosenthal, Commissioners. Police Justice, Alhert
G. Wheeler. Clerk, B. Frank Enos. Chief of Po-
lice, Alexander MclA'an. Captain, Joseph B. Cleary.
Brevet-Captain, William Keith. Lieutenants, Bch-
.jamin C. li'iirtherer, Nicholas J. Loos. John B Davis,
.lohn A. Baird, ten detectives and seventy -si.\ police-
men.

PlUE DEPARTMENT.

Law. S. Gihson, Chief. James Macolmb and
Samuel Bemish, Assistants, and sixty-two men
composing the eight fire companies, besiiles three
volunteer companies— Alerts, Protectives. Actives.
There are eighty-flve alarm boxes in use, under the
chai-ge of Charles R. Finnegan. There are 1,129 hy-
drants in the city for fire purposes. The apparatus
c-onsists of seven hose carts, five engines, two hook
and ladder trucks, one Hayes extension ladder and
truck, and one canvas and bucket wagon.

MUNICIPAL COURT.

Judges Warner and W' liite, elected by the people
for a term of six years.

THE city's POLITICS.

In polities the city of Rochester is divided. Cor-
nelius R. Parsons, the incumbent of the Mayor's
office, is Republican, and the office has been iii Re-
publican hands for years. Ambrose McGlachlin,
the Treasurer, is Democratic, and this office has
been unchanged in polities for nearly an equal
period. The Board of Aldermen has long been
Democratic, and the Board of Education, with few
exceptions, of the Republican persuasion. Two of
the eight members of the Executive Board are of
the same party. The politics of most of the minor
offices are determined by the Common Council. In
Presidential years the city usuallj- goes Republican.

SCHOOLS.

The educational system, under the charge of Su-
periiiteiuleiit S. A. Ellis, consists of a Free Acatlemy,
Prof. 'A. P. Taylor, princ-ipal; twenty-six grailed
schools, with 12,700 ,scholars and 288 teachers, five
Orphan asylums, an Industrial school and a deaf
mute institute. The University of Rochester is
presided over by Dr. Jlartin B. Anderson. There are,
a Baptist Theological Institute, several convents and
other church schools and many private schools. The
House of Refuge, a reformat! iry institution for boys,
ana the Girls' Reformatory are mider charge of the
State. ' ';>

CHURCHES.

There are sixty-five churches or religious socie-
ties as follows: Presbyterian, 11; Episcopal, 10;
Methodist, 10: Baptist, 6; Romao Catholic, 11; Lu-
theran. 4; Jewish, 5: Christadelphian, 2; Congrega-
tional, 1; Quakers, 3; Universalist, 3; Unitarian, 1;
Second Adventist, 1 ; Reformed Church, 3.

INDUSTKIES.

The chief industries of Rochester are: the manu-
facture of clothing (over 20 large houses), boots and
shoes (between 20 and 30 manufactories), tobacco
(five houses), beer (13 breweries), flour (IS mills), and
patent medicine. Its thirty-two nurseries cover
about 1,0(X) acres of land, and its seed business is
enormous.

RAILROADS

Rochester is situated on the following railroads :
N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R., Rochester & Oenesee Valley,
Rochester & Pittsburg, Buffalo, New York & Phil-
adelphia, New York West Shore & Buffalo, Roch-
ester & Lake Ontai-io, Rome Watertown & Ogdens-
burg, Rochester & Ontario Belt Bead.

NEWSPAPERS.

The newspapers are: dailies, Post-Express, Union
and Advertiser, Democrat and Chronicle, Morning
Herald, Yolksblatt (Cerman), and Abend-Post and
Beobachter (German). Sundays: Herald, Journal
and Truth ; besides several weeklies and monthlies.

BANKS.

There are six general banks, two private and four
savings.

SOCIETIES.

There are twenty Masonic lodges; twenty-three I.
O. O. F. encampments; eight temperance societies;
seventeen prouiinent social and pleasiu-e clubs; sev-
eral bi'anches of the Knights of Labor; Young
Men's Christian Association; Y'ouug Men's Catholic
Association; Society of Natural Science; Art Club;
Art Exchange; Humane Society; Red Cross Society.

LIBRARIES.

There are two libraries : The Central, connected
with the Free Academy, and Reynold's (old Athe-
naeum).

BUILDINGS.

Among the most prominent buildings may be
mentioned Powers Block, Powers Hotel, H. 11.
Warner's building, the Elwood block, Rochester
Savings Bank, Smith & Perkins' building. Ailing &
Cory, F. Tully.

STREET CARS.

The Rochester City & Brighton Railroad Com-
pany runs W6 cars, two herdics and employs 424
horses.

CEMETERIES.

The cemeteries are Mt. Hope, 33.40" interments,
Holy Sepulchre, T,2;i0, St. Peter's and St. Paul's, St.
Patrick's and St, Boniface's.

THE city's light.

The city is supplied with gas by three companies.
There are 2,.'i]('> gas lamps in use, 1,T4U oil lamps and
270 electric lights.

TAXES.

The assessed valuation last vear of real and pei'-
sonal property was $30,0.)2,370.90; taxes $1,013,534.20

HOSPITALS.

There are two hospitals, the City and St. Mary's.

PLACES OF INTEREST.

The Powers Art Gallery in Powers Block is the
finest in Western New York. Prof. H. A. Ward's
Natural Science Establislunent, near the Univers-
ity, lias many ctu-iosities. Warner's ( )ljserva-
toi-y, under the charge of Prof. Lewis Swift,
is on East avenue. There are two theatres, the
Corintliian Academy of Music and Grand Opei'a
Hou.se, Ixjsides a summer garden where entertain-
ments are given.

Semi - Centennial Finances
and Other Matters.

At the meeting of the Committee on Ways
and Means,* held June It), 188-1, the following
list of subscriliers who bore the expense of the
Semi- Centennial Celebration, and who paid
their subscriptions, was reported:

THREE HUNDRED DOLLARS.

H. H. Warner.

TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS EACH.

EUwanger & Barry, D. W. Powers.

ONE HUNDRKD DOLLARS EACH.

Hiram Sibley, James Sargent, Smith, Perkins
& Co. , Henry Bartholomay, James W. Rosen -
t'nal, Doran, Thompson <& Co. , Burke, FitzSimons,
Hone & Co., J. W. Whitney, Alfred Ely, W S.
Kimball & Co., C. B. Wood worth & Sons, Roch-
ester Brewing Co., Steam Gauge and Lantern
Co., George H. Thomson & Co., Genesee Brew
ing Co. , Rochester & Pittsburg R. R. Co.

FIFTY DOLLARS EACH.

E. Ocumpaugh, Mensing & Stecher, Strouss,
Moore & Beir, Michael Filon, J. Judson &. Son,
James Day, Buck & Sanger, Kelly Lamp Com-
pany, Elmer E. Almy, Brewster, Goi'don & Co.,
Whitcomb & Crouch, George H. Mumford,
George W. Archer, Garson, Meyer <& Co.,
Wright & Peters, The Cox Shoe Manufacturing
Company, F. Goetzman & Co. , Bausch&Lomb.
Hathaway & Gordon, Frederick Cook, H. H.
Craig, Estate of Isaac Butts, S. J. Arnold &
Co., Hatch Patent Crimping Company, Ailing
& Cory, S. F, Hess & Co., M. F. Reynolds,
Brewster, Crittenden & Co., B. L. Sheldon,
D. A. Watson.

TWENTY- FIVE DOLLARS EACH.

William Eastwood, Mosler, Bo wen & Co.,
Philip Will, Fee Brothers, E. K. Warren &
Son, Thomas Bolton, Brooks & Reynolds, Stein,
Block & Co., Union Clothing Co., Meyer, Loebs
& Co., S. C. Tibbits, C. H. Babcock, Hollister
& Co., Alfred Wright, G C. Buell & Co., Ham-
ilton & Matthews, Weaver, Goss & Co.,
Woodbury, Morse & Co., Hayden & Ha
vens, Grossman Bros., James Vick, George
WeMon & Co, Singer Manufacturing Com-
pany, D. Armstrong & Co., L. Adler Brothers
& Co., Levi Schwartz & Co., Gibbons & Scone,
W, H. Glenny & Co., Mrs. M. Gordon, Beck &
Meyer, George A. Sabey, S. M. Benjamin,
Byrnes, Dugan & Hudson, S. Millimau, Hagen

*Secretary Benton of tlie General Committee in-
forms us of ' a change in the conmiittees made at a
special meeting. Mr. Gilman IT. Perkins \\as sub-
stituted on the conunittee on entertainment and re-
ception in place of Mr. Booth, who was called away
by illness in his family. Mr. Perkins was made
chairman of the committee, and was one of the
most active among those whose imtiring ett'orts
made the celebration so signally successful. It may
be added here that the tliauks of the editors are
due to tlie gentlemen wliu had charge of the two
days' festivities for information freely given upon
aU matters connected therewith' and corrections
made in the published i)roceedings. They have no-
bly assisted us in our work begun and carried on
while performing our regulai' duties upon the staff
of the PosT-ExpRESs.

REYNOLDS AHl'ADE IN 1S2S.

i ft is^ii^liJ.M'ift »

ti,i'i(',i„ill,|,|Il,l;|i

I y 'ii'g'i'i'ifi'i

REYNOLDS AHCAUK IN 1S80.

& Meyers, Reed & Weaver, Whitmoro, Rauber
& Vicinus, S. N. Oothout, F. M. McFar-
lin, S. S. Eddy, Louis Ernst & Sou, Vacuum
Oil Co., John H. Rochester, Gilbert Brady,
Miithews & Servis, Currau & Goler, Steele &
Avery, H. F. Huntington, W. B. Morse iKr C'o ,
Stronir, Woodbury & Co , Copeland, Hall <fc
Co.. \\' illiam Gleason, F. P. Michel, J. Hayden
it (.'o., Ij. S. Graves & Sou, S. Lieders, Jacob
Howe, jr.. Co-operative Foundry Co. , Joseph
Lovecraft & Son, R. M. Myers. C.
Greeuwood & Co.. J. A. Hinds,
Woodbury, Booth & Pryor, J. Emory Jones,
Doyle & Gallery, E. B. Chacc-, E. H. Cook &
Co., Minges & Shale, J. Fahy & Co., A. V.
Smith Co. (limited), E. B. Parsous Malting Co.,
Geo. F. Merz, Osgood & Brighani, Allen, Straus
<fe Co., E. S. Ettenheinier i'^: Co.. Scrautf^m.
Wetmore & Co. ,A. S. Mann <fe Co., Howe it
Rogers, Henry I.,ikly & Co , Aid. M. Barrou,
Cauffman, Dinkelspiel & Co., Miller Brewing
Co., Simon Hays & Son. A. M. Hastings, Sill
Stove AVorks, Flanigan & Co., Henry S.
Hebard.

FIFTEEN DOLLARS EACH.

Schnarr & Feiock, Curtis Biothers & Co.,
Albert Beir, Taylor Bros , A. M. Semple. J. G.
Davis & Son, J. S. Graham it Co., Farley,
Ferguson & Wilson, Moseley & Motley. Boai"d •
man, Sherman & Co., Stone & Campbell, A.
McVean, L. P. & F. A. Ward, H. Michaels.

TEN DOLLARS EACH.

Trotter, Geddes & Co , S. Sloan, Russ Coats,
James Field, J. C. Barnard, Henry Flake, John
C Moore, J. M. Backus, Frederick Zinnner,
John H Hill, J. K. Burliugame, S D. Wal-
bridge, M. McRoden, J. H. Pool, W. S. Mc-
Millan it Co., John C. King, D. Deav-
enport, Ballard & Hulbert, M. Lecking-
er, J. Rice it Sons, J. Stuvenhaver,
West & Moses, Fred F. Forest, George Klein,
Edward McSweeney, Henry Heblng, George C.
Maurer, B. H. Clark, Ira A. Lovejoy, J. George
Baetzel it Bro. , Frank Kebrig, Martin Briggs
& Son, J. A. Maxwell, Theodore F. Aldrii-h,
James O. Howard, L. Sunderlin, John Doyle,
W. W. Barnard, A. Vogt, Murray <t Rauber,
McConnell <fc Jones, C. E. Furman it Co., S. S.
Brewer, Samuel Golding, Casper Wehle, P.
Fahy, I. Stem & Co. , Connell & Dengler, W. &
J. M. Aikeiihead, Bryan & Atkinson, P. M.
Hinman.

FI\"E DOLLARS EACH.

J. Taylor & Sons, F. Castleman, John G.
Sweigel, Straus it Maid, Maiy Mirguet, Dora
S(;hleber, Sol I^evi, M. A. Zinnuerman, George
Werner, John Bessunger, F. A. Newton, John
H. Snjder, Hemy Aman, Boor it Co., A. D,
Thompson, Olof Oberg, Davenport it Kennedy
Scotield it Strong, Jacob fSauer, A. Spiehler'
James McMannis, J. Dittmeier, G H
Haass. Henry L. Becker, H. A. Kings"
ley, G. N. " Storms, J. R. Chamberlin-
Gary. Rose & Co., Coffey Bros., L. P-
Beck & Ron, Prof. Labossiere, M. Orr, C. W-
Burt, E. Steinfeld, J. E. Hulbert, M. Mutchler,
G. Steinfeld, Wolcott & Moore, W. J, Wilcox-
S. (t J. Cooker, J. J. Stratton, James G.
Comerford H. Tibhils, Gus Basler. J. G. Luit-
wieler, John W. Graves, M. N. Van Zandt,
William Boston, F. Swikehart, R. D. Van
De Carr.

TWO DOLLARS EACH.

J. S. Wilkin, J. J. Thompson, W. Merk, W.
C. Wehle.

Total, $6,948.

The Committee audited and ordered paid
bills amounting to $4,2:18.91. Besides this bills
amounting to $1,774.90 were reserved to be
passed upou later, makin.n' the total amount of
bills in the hands of the committee $5,998.81.
In addition to this amount there had been pre-
viously paid out for nnisic. ineals, and trans-
portation of bands, $1,142.14, and $6.5.00 for
postage and checks, bringing the expenditures
up to $7,205.95. There are a few other bills yet
to be handed in, but tliere are funds enough
to pay everything and leave a small balance
in the hands of the committee.

During and since the celebration, the Com-
mittee, on invitation, has received a large
number of letters (])robably 150) from former
residents of Rochester, public officials of the
United States and State, and prominent men
generally, expressing regret at not being able
to be present at the celel)ratiou, and congratu-
lating the city on its semi-centennial.

A CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY 01- ROCHLSTER.

(1616-1884.)

WILLIAM MILL LUTLER.

Let lis contemplate the rise and progress of the beautiful (,'ity of Flowei-s, beginning with tlie period
when the white man first passed over tlie site of her future greatness, and closing with the joyous oeea-
sion, wlien for a moment she stopped in her busy career to admire herself in her semi-centennial
looking-glass :

1016 to 1630 — White men first known to pjuss
through here; they were French Cmirtitr des Bois,
or wood-rangers.

KUti— In tliis and the following year De La Roche
Dallion, a Franciscan, passed the winter among the
Neuters (Neutral Nations) who occupied the terri-
tory west of the Lower Genesee.

li>;32— C'hamplaiu published the first map of West-
ern New York.

1647— Long visit of Brebeuf, the French Jesuit
missionary, co the Neuters. The Senecas attacked
the Neuters.

16.57— Lower Genesee territory, then occupied by
the Senecas, visited by French Jesuits; missions
established.

1662-3— Grand Indian expedition up the Genesee.

166H— A deputation of Senecas from the Lower
Genesee visited Montreal.

1669— La Salle, the French explorer, paid his
first visit to Irondequoit Bay.

1670 — La Salle's second visit to Irondequoit Bay;
he traded with the Indians.

1683- A French Jesuit priest had an exciting es-
cape from the hostile Senecas, through Irondequoit
Bay.

1684 — Thomas Dongan, Governor of New York,
set up the arms of England in Seneca villages.

1687— An expedition numbering 1,800 whites and
400 Indians, headed by De Nonneville, Governor of
New France (now Canada), met in Ironde(iu<>it Bay
300 Western Indians (enemies of the Senecas) and
170 Voi/reur des Bois; the invaders ravaged the Sen-
eca towns, but lost 100 white men and ten Indians;
the Senecas lost about eighty warriors; after tak-
ing possession of the country in the name of the
French king, De Nonneville departed.

1688— Montreal destroyed by a Seneca expedition
from the Lower Genesee country, out of revenge for

De Nonneville's invasion. Iroquois delegation

visited Montreal to agejee on terms of jieace.

1697 — Peace between the French and English.

1716— The French occupied the Irondeiiuoit Bay
country and erected Fort des Sables.

1720— In the winter of this year Sieiir de Joncaire,
on his way to Niagara, was quartered on the river,
in canoes.

1721 — Father Charlevoix passed the mouth of
the Genesee and described the river; the English
built a fort at Irondequoit and visited tlie (Genesee

Falls. Governor Burnet, desiring to improve the

good humor of the Indians in this locality, fitted
out a colony of t^^u persons, who, headed by a son
of Peter Schuyler, became the first English settlers
in Western New York, on the shore of Lake Ontario;
£500 was spent on the expedition.

1740— Lower Genesee sold to the King of England
by the Indians.

1759— British troops and Indians, under General
Prideux and Sir William Johnson, on their way to
subdue Fort Niagara, camped at Irondequoit.

1764— Ultimate peace declared between the Eng-
lish and the Senecas.

1779— Tory Rangers (Butler's) pursued over the
site of Rochester l)y the scouts of General Sullivan,
who had invaded the uiiddle Genesee country.

1788— Lands in this vicinity (nearly all on the
east side of the riven acciuired by Oliver Phelps and
Nathaniel Gorham, who purcliased the jireemption
1 ight from the State of Massachusetts for t'300,-
000 (afterwards reduced one-third); the land was
ceded to them on condition that they extinguish the
Indian title, which they did "uy giving S5,000 and an
annuity of S.")00 for ever to tlie Seneca,s; the pur-
chase included twelve by twenty-four miles on the
west side, and of this Phelps and Gorham gave
Ebenezer or " Indian " Allan 100 acres at the falls as
a bonus.

1789— Ebenezer Allan erected a saw and grist mill
on the l(K)-acre tract; the old mill-stones now form
the foundations for two lamp posts in front of the
City Hall: Allan became the first white settler of
Rochester, and from what can be learned of him he
would be an imtlesirable citizen to-day; he was
one of Butler's Tory Rangers, and Mary
Jeniison, the white woman so long a
captive among the Indians, says of him: "I have
often heard him confess crimes, the rehearsal of
which made by blood curdle;" among other
atrocious acts, he beat a boy to death and tried to
send one of his white wives, of whom he had tired,
over the falls. He was not an Indian, as his nick-
name might imply.

1790 — Records show that in this year Messrs.
Hunt, Ely, Pomeroy and Breck purchased the 20,000
acre ti act, now a part of the city.

1792— Ebenezer Allan removed to Mt. Blorris; his
successor as miller of the Geii'^see, was ('hristopher
Dugan. William Hencher built the first cabin be-
tween the Genesee river and Fort Niagara, at the
mwuth of the Genesee.

1795— Aaron Burr visited the Genesee Falls.

1796— Four families (Elijah Kent, Simon King, Eli
Granger and Thomas Kingi settled at Ilanford's

Lauding. Oliver Culver visited Irondequoit Bay

and the Genesee.

1797— First log house built on the site of Roches-
ter by Colonel Josiah Fish, near the present aque-
duct. Louis Philiijpe of France and his brothers,

the Duke de Muutpensier and Count Beanjolais,
visited the Genesee Falls.

1798— Jeremiah ( ilmstead raised the first crop of
grain on Rochester .soil, south of the House of

Refuge. .ludge .John Tryon founded Tryon Town,

at the head of Irondequoit Bay; this ambitious
" city " was killed b}' the development of the water

power at the falls. Eli Granger built the first

American vessel on the Genesee.

1799— Four families (Asa Dayton, Stephen Lusk,
John Boyd and Af a Dunbar, the latter a mulattoiin
possession of Tryon Town.

1802— Nathaniel Rochester, AVilliam Fitzhiip:h and
Charles Carroll bought (he lOO-acre lot of Sir Wil-
liam Pultney for $17.50 per acre.

1804— Castle Town founded at the Rapids. Oli-
ver Culver purchased the goods of the Tryon Town
merchants and traded with the Indians at C'leve-
land.

180.5— First g-reat flood on record.

1807 — First block hotise erected by Charles Har-
ford, on Mill street He also built a small mill

near the high falls. Simon Pier.son, who had come

from Connecticut witli oxen and a cart, stopjjed
over night in an unoccupied hut about where the
Court House now stands; next morning he shot a
bear on the spot and moved on, settling at South
Bergen, now Genesee county.

1808— Enos Stone built a saw mill on the east bank
of the Genesee near the present Aqueduct.

1809— The Legislature passed a bill for a bridge
across the Genesee at the falls.

1810— In March Enos Stone and Jacob Miller set-
tled in Rochester. Mr. Stone erected the first

frame house iu Rochester, on the East "side.

May 4th, James S. Stone, the first white child, born
in the town of Boyle, now Brighton, from which the

city east of the Genesee has been taken. Col.

Nathaniel Rochester and his associates laid out the

100 acre tract and began selling lots. DeWitt

Clinton visited Tryon Town, the Genesee Falls (as
Rochester was then known).andCharlotteburg. which
had been named in honor of Charlotte Troup,
daughter of the agent of the Pultney estate.
First store opened by Mr. Hanford, at Han-
ford's Landing. George H. Evans built a cabin

near the present site of St. Mary's hospital.

Isaac W. Stone built the first tavern on the
east side, on what is now South St. Paul street, near
Ely street.

1811— Benjamin Evans, son of George H. Evans,
born ; he is one of three for whom the honor of be-
ing "the first white cliild born in Rochester" is
claimed.— Erastus Spaulding erected the first hotel

at the month of the rivei-. .John Blastic, the first

lawyer, removetl here.

1812— First house erected, for Hamlet Scrantom
by Henry Skinner-, on the west side of the river, on

the present site of Powers's block. First public

Fourth of July celeViration. Abelard Reynolds

appointed the first Post-master and l)egan a frame
house; at the s;iiue time he erected the fii-st ])lank
house on the west side of the river; both upon the

present site of the Arcade. First bridge built

across the Genesee at Rochester (then known as

Falls Town). Handet Scrantom, wife and six

children arrived. James B.Carter erected the first

blacksmitli shop. Jehiel Barnard, the first tailor,

made the first coat for Francis Brown First

weekly mail delivery established between Rochester
and Caiiandaigua.

181:! — Projected invnsion by the British, under
Connitodore Ye<>. abandoned at Chai-lotte uixm the

arrival < if Admiral (ihauncey's fleet. J. K. Bal-

lentine (now residing nearScottsville) removed here
from Pennsylvania, and with a yoke of oxen and
plow broke up the land near the place where

Powers's bloclc now stands Dr. Jonah Brown,

first physician arrived. First schnul taught Ity

Miss Iluldali M. Strong. The Seneca liidiuns cel-

ebi'ated their annual feast (^tbe .sacrifice of the dog)

for the last time in the village. First public

worship held in the ujiper story of Jehiel Bar-
nard's tailor shop. City Mills erected by Eras-
mus I). Smith.

1814 Birth of Mortimer F. Reynolds (Deceml)er
2d), thii first white child I»f)rn on the west side of
the river within the jii-ecincts of the present city.

Second threiitened invasion by the British lui-

der Commodore Yeo; Colonel Isnac W. Stone and
Captains \<\ Brown nnd Elish;\ i'lly, of Rochester,
marched to Charlotte with thirty-three men and an
18 pounder, and by mehus of strateg.v impresstMl the
enemy with their apparent great strength; after a
skirmish with cannon, and plenty of defiance on the

l)art of the Rochester heroes, Yeo departed.

About this year Ebenezer Allan died in Upper
Canada. The first school house built. Jacob

Howe arrived in the village; he still survives at the
age of 74, and has resided on Fitzhusfh street con-
tinuously for 71 years.

1815— Erection' of the old Red Mill, by Josiah Bis-

sell, jr., Harvey KIj- and Elisha Ely.

First wedding (October 8th), Delia Scrantom

to Jehiel Barnard. First tavern opened on

the west side by Abelard Reynolds. First

religious society (Presbyterian) organized. Fii'st

bookstore ojiened by Horace L. and George

G. Sill. First census taken; popidation, 331.

The first house, other than wood, erected by

Samuel J. Andrews: it was a stone structure on the

corner of Main and St. Paul streets. Erastus

Cook, the first watchmaker and jeweler, arrived

The first stage ran between Rochester and Canan-
daigua.

1816— Completion of the cotton factory, with 1,392
spindles. Brown's race finished. -First news-
paper, the weekly Gazette, established. Elisha B.

Strong and Elisha Beach bought 1,000 acres of land

and founded Carth.age village. Captain liUshier

ran the first steamboat (the Ontario) into the Port
of Genesee, stopping there regularly on his trips

from Sackett's Harbor to Lewistoii. The first

stage ran to Lewiston. Moses King taught the

first school in Frankfort. Jacob Howe enga.ged

in the bakery business.

1817 — Incorporation of Rochesterville. The first

church (Pi'esbyterian) Imilt on Carroll (now State)

street. John B. Klein, and wife arrived direct

from Germany, being the first German set-
tlers. St. Luke's Episcopal Church founded.

The first fire company formed. The

Friends' (Hicksite) Society organnized. Wells

Lodge, No. 282, F. and A. M., instituted.
First null on the ea-st side built by Wil-
liam Atkinson, on South Water street. .Tohn.son's

dam and mill race built. John G. Bond erected

the first house west of Sophia street.

181 S-— The second weekly newspaper, the Roches-
ter Tehgraiili, established. The great bridge biu'lt

over the river at " Carthage;" it was 718 feet long,

.30 feet wide and consisted of a single arch. Col.

Nathaniel Rochester arrived with his family.

Fir.st Baptist Church founded.— First village watch
organized; it consisted of Matthew Brown, jr., Ros-
well Hart. William P. Sherman, Moses Chapin,

Daniel Mack and Hastings R. Bender. Toll bridge

built over the Genesee above the upper falls.——

Second village census; 1,049 inhabitants. Mis.

Phineas T. Smith, who is still living, at 4Jy Frank

street, arrived in the village. Hamilton Chapter,

No. 02, R. A. M., organized. First uniformed rifie

company formed. First biu'ving-grouud selected.

First Sunday School organized with thirty

puijils.

1819— Surveys made for the route of the Erie

canal through the village. Cleveland's mill built

on the east side of the falls. Isaac W. T^eonard,

who is still alive, arrived here. First lire in Roch-
ester. Decemlier 5tb; building owned by A. Reyn-
olds burned.

1820 — There being two Post-Oflices called Roch-
ester in the State, the tjuestion, which shoidd be
abolished, arose; the one in Ulster <-oimty yielded

gracefull\ and was changed to Accord. Carthage

bridge fell; a suspension bridge was built near the
old site. — The Twenty sci'oud Regimeiit of Ritle-

men (the first of the kind in the State) orgaiuzed.

.Judge Roger Skinner presided at tlie first term of

the United States District Court held here. St.

J'atrick's Church founded; also the First M. E.

Church. Population of the village, according to

the United States census, 1,.502.

1821- "Seneca'' Allan appi'ared in Rochesterville,
claiming to be a descendant of Ehenezcr Allan and
the owner of certain lauds within the village limits;

he died l)efor(> his claim could be prosecuted.

Moiu'oe comity ci'eated out of part of Genesee and

Ontario counties. Tlie first canal aqueduct built

by William Button; cost, Sn3,000. Monroe County

]5ible Society foiuided; its custom of giving Bibles
to those who were unable to buy was the Iteginiung

of the American Bible Society scheme. The site

of the present City Hospital selected as a burying

ground, the property being received from Roswell

Hart, in exchange for the first burial ground. ■

Thomas Rochester and Harvey Montgomery erect-
ed a mill with three run of stone. — -J<"irst county
court held. — First canal boat left the village.
Cliarles J. Hill built the first brick build-
ing in Rochester on South Fitzhugh street. L. A.

AVard opened the first insurance office. Monroe

County Medical Society organized.

18^3— Rochesterville dropped the "ville"and be-
came Rochester. The County Court House com-

|)!cted. The fii-st boat load of flour left Hill's

Basin fur Little l''alls, on the canal. 'J'lic first .jail

built by iianiel l..oomis. Tlie Society of Friends

erected a house for public worship, an(l the Method-
ists did likewise. The Rochester l<'emale Cliarit-

ablc Society founded.

1H23— First meeting in favor of nominating John
Quinc.y Adams for the Tresidency held In Rocli-
ester; the Rochester Teltfinijili was the first to place

his name at the liead of its columns. Meeting

lield at the Mansion House to afford aid to tlie
Greeks; $1,500 raised in the county. - First cattle

show and fair held in Jlonroe county. St. I'at-

rick's Roman Catholic Church Ijuilt. Samuel

Currier threw himself over the Lower Falls.

1824— The IJank of liochester incorporated, being

the first one chartered outside of New York city.

Aristarchus c;hampii>n, Josiali I'.issell, jr., and A.W.
Rlle.v formed a company to establish a line of six-
day stages, in opposition to Sunday travel; the

undertaking was not a success. Water let into

the Krie canal; cannon planted at intervals along
the line, were fired in regulai- succession, conveying
the news from HulTalo to New York in IJ^ liours; in
Noveud)er (Jovernor (Uinton passed througli here
with a flotilla of canal l)oats; reception accorded
him at the old a((ueduct by citizens of Rochester
on tlie t-aual Ixiat Young Lion of the West.—St.
I^uke's CIkum'Ii erected. — The If'irst Presbyterian
Society's new church finished; it occui)ied the pres-
ent site of the City Hall.

182r>. — A \'iiginian named Tousey brought some
tomato seed to Rochester and after growing the
new vegetable here for the first time, in\iled a
nmuber of guests (Thurlow Wee<i among others) to

liaitake of the dish at Christopher's Tavern.

Lafa.yette visited the village, couuiig from tlie West
on a packet; the village and surrounding towns

gave the illustrious l''reuchmau a giand ovation

'J'he old museum building on i^'-xchange street

erected. First dramatic performance given in

the "Circus" on P^xchange street, which liad been
turned into a theater and was openetl with "The
Mountaineers, or Love and Madness," November St.
The miestion whether the village should ap-
ply for a charter as a city first agitated. Second

Preslivtei-ian, afterwards known as tlie Brick
chvmh. founded. Yillage census (taken in Febru-
ary) 4,274; State census (t ken iu .\ugust) .").2T3

18:.'ti— The dissenting >Iethodists built a meeting-
house. The Rochester l)(iihj A(/ver//x<r, the first

daily paper between Albany and the Pacific Ocea-n,
established The village census showed a popula-
tion of r,(;(in. On May I.")th, "the theater,"

opposite the IMansion House, was ojieued; Edmund
Kean first plaved there .July Itfh, in the "Iron
Chest;"' and Thomas Hamblin followed as Jtolkt.

Eonieo and Williain Tell. Sept. VZ. abduction of

William Morgan, a former resident of Rochester,
from the jail at Canandaigua; three of the
abductors pleaded guilty and the fourth was con-
victed. The first village directory puhlislied.

Franklin Institute, first imiiortant literary asso-
ciation, organized — Sanniel Works chosen first

Chief of the fire department. The first Court

street bridge built. Monroe Commandery, K. T.,

orgasized. Klias Shelmire's mill erected.

1827— Timothy Chilils nominated for Member of
Assembly for "Rochester by tlie Monroe Comity
Convention of anti-Masons and elected by a major-
ity of 1.700. Oct. 7, a corpse discovered on the

beach of Carleton. Orleans county, identified as
that of IMorgan by his wife, the investigating com-
niittee and the coroner's jury. The hotly ex-
humed and identified as that of Timothy Munroe, of

Canada, by his widow\ The Daily Advertiser

credited Thur'ow Weed with saying the corpse wa.s
" a good enough Morgan till after election." Mr.
Weed repudiated the phrase, claiming that what he
did say was, "That is a good enough Morgan for us
until you bring back the one you have carried otT."

The Third Presbyterian Society founded; also,

Monroe | St. Paiirs Kpiccopal. — Publication of the Roches- '

ter IJruftKiiiun commenced. First inspection of

the Fire department. First insurance on public

buildings effected. Thomas IM. Rathbun killed at

the burning of Peck"s paper mill. December 21, be-
ing the first fireman fatally injui-ed. — A big mill
built by Messrs. Beach, Keiiipshall and Kennedy.

1828 -(ireat numbers of clergymen and others re-
nounced the Masonic order. Julius Catlin.a young

artist, drowned while sketching the lower falls.

Warham Whitney constructed a strap and bucket
elevator for carrying wheat into a warehouse near
Brown street; prol)ably the first grain elevator in

Ameiica Re.ynol(ls" Arcade erected. The first

public temperance meeting held in Rochester.

Orthodox Friends Society organized. The

old Brick Chui-ch erected. The Rochester

Balance published. George H. Hill anmsed

large audiences at the Rochester Circus

with his Down-ICast Yankee impersonations.

Amount of assessed real and personal property in
the village, Sl,7t37.:ll.5.

18"2'J- All Masonic institutions in Rochester and
thesui-rounding country surrendered their charters

and ceased to e.xist. Sam Patch, after having

successfull.\- plunged over Trenton I'alls at Pater-
son, N. J., and half the height of Niagara I'alls, re-
peated the penformance at (jenesee Falls, Novem-
ber 8th, in company vi-ith a tame bear; on the 13th
of the same month he again essayed the feat,
fioin a scatTold twenty-five feet higher tnan the falls

and was killed in th(! attempt. Law librar.y

founded by Chancellor Walworth. Roc-hester

Athena/nm organized. The erection of (Jrace

(afterwards St. PauTs) Episcopal Church, begun.

Bank of Monroe incorporated. Eagle tavern

built.

1830— The mangled body of Sam Patch found at
the mouth of the river aiid buried in the cemetery

at Charlotte. Joseph Smith visited the Rochester

Tihrifiiiili office and ti'ied to makf^ arrangements
for the printing of the "Book of Mormon," the
golden plates of which he professed to have dis-
covered in the woods near Palmyra, after receiving
directions concerning them in a vision; Thurlow
Weed looked upon him as craz.y or a very shallow
impostor and declined to become the publisher. (E.
B. Grandin, of Palmyra, printed the book the same

year). St. Paufs chiu-ch finished and consecrated.

The last wild wolf in the countr.y killed near

Irondcfiuoit, after being himted five days by nearly

100 persons from Rochester. Henry ( >Re"illy first

denounced Mormonism in the Rochester /Ayy/W/rrt/f.

A committee appointed to bring the subject of

high schools before the Legislatiu'e. — —William A.

Reynolds established the first seed house. St.

Pairick"s church rebuilt. The old Rochester

theater on State street turned into a liverj- stalde.

1831— Colonel Nathaniel Rochester died, Ma.y 31.

The first cargo of wheat brought from Ohio to

Rochestei'. Monroe Horticultinal Society organ-
ized, Oct. 8. Incorporation of the Rochester

Canal and Railroad (.Company, commonly known as

the Rochester and Carthage Railroad Company.

Samuel L Selden elected the first judge of Common
Pleas of Monroe. Reformed Presbyterian So-
ciety formed. Rochester Savings Bank incor-
porated.

1832— The first year of the cholera in this locality;
118 died dtu'ing the summer, eighty of the number
being placed in their coffins by Ashliel W. Riley,
nearly always unaided and alone; he was a member

of the Board of Health formed that year. The

Rochester <t Tonawanda Railroad Company char-
tered. First Presbyterian Free Church organ-
ized. — -Rochester Seminary organized

18:i3— Fifty-four more deaths from the cholera.

A charit.v school established by the Society of

St. Ltike's Church for the free education of poor

children The Rochester & Carthage (the first)

railroad finished; horses furnished the motive
power. Frederick Starr and Joseph Halsey, fire-
men, were granted the first exemption papers.

1834 — Rochester incorporated as a city. The

Common Conncil and Supervisors elected .June 2d.

. Jonathan Child elected Mayor by the Whigs

in Common Council, .June 9th; (he took the
oath of office the next day); grand celebra-
tion held ou Brown's Island, betwet^n Brown's
race and the "river, where ;^,000 people made

merry. Sidney Smith elected first Police

Justice. The old market destroyed by fire.

Main street bridge rebuilt. Hook and Ladder

Company No. 2 organized. Organization of St.

Mary's Roman C'atliolic, Second Baptist, German
Lutheran Zion's, and Abyssinian colored church
societies. — —Rochester Dai/// Dfmocrai establislied.

Name of Second Presbyterian Church changed

to Brick C!hurch. - — The river steamboat Genesee,
capable of carrying 300 passengers, built and nm
from the rapids to Geneseo for sevei-al seasons.-
Rochester contained 1.300 houses, besides pub-
lic buildings, Vi churches, court-house, jaii, market.
two banks and a museum: assessed valuation of
property (real and personal) $2,.5.>3,211.

183.5— MayorChild resigned, owing to the fact that he
was opposed to granti ng licenses for the sale of intox-
icating liquors and the Common Council in favor of

the same General .Jacoli Gould elected Mayor,

A great Hood did vast damage to hay and corn

as well as to goods in cellars on Buffalo street; the

new bridge at. the lower falls was swept away

Rochester Academy of Sacred Music organized.

Citv boundaries extended. — -Colonel Thomas Mea-
cbam, of Sandy Creek, Oswego county, tendered as
a gift to Rochester a n^ammoth cheese, which was
sold: the amount realized by ci'mpetition for it.
$1,2.37.83. formed the beginning of the Meacliam
fund for widows and orphans of firemen, and

for disabled firemen. Thomas Emerson and

Jacob Graves built the Crescent milis on

South Water street. St. .Joseph's (Terman

Catholic Church Society founded. Third Pi-esby-

terian Church buill ; also the First Methodist Church
on the corner of Buffalo and Fitzhugh streets

1836— The city paid $.').;^86 for fifty four acres of
land for a cemetery, which was named Mount
Hope Ijy the late Ijyman B. Jjangworthy.

The first Andrews street liridge built. ^A

Frenchman named Ijauriatt made the first balloon
ascension, Mayor Gould re-elected. Mechan-
ics' I>iterary Association organized. The first

locomotive arrived by canal. Rochester Musical

Society organized, B. C. Brown director. Central

Presbyterian Church Society founded. Pioneer

Rifle Comjiany organized about this year ; they sub-
sequently fought tlie famous (l)loodless) battle of
Tod-Waddle, in which they captured a solitary
darkey.

1837— A financial crisis caused much suffering.

Suppression by Gen. Scott of the Navy Island raid,
in which persons from Rochester had .ioined; Wil-
liam Lyon McKenzie, the leader the (Janadian so-
called rebellion, lodged for a time in the Blue
Eagle in tliis city.— — William Lyman killed by Oc-
tavius Barron, (Oct. 23) this being the first nuu-der in
Rochester. The Rochester < )rplian Asyliuu or-
ganized under the name " Female Association for

the Relief of Orphan and Destitute Children."

Erection of the new market bouse on Mason (now
Front) street, liegun.— Asbury M. E. Cliurcli soci-
ety founded. City Bank built. Distincticm be-
tween Aldermen and Assistant Aldermen abol-
ished.

1838. — Murder nund)er two occurred May 4, when
Austin Squiers shot and killed bis wife.— — Barron

hanged .lunea.'i. — —Squiers banged NovemberS'.t.

The first foundry started by William 11. Cheney.

Henry O'Reilly i)ublislied his Sketches < if Rochester,

with incidental Notices of Western New York. •

The Rochester Anti-Slavery Society formed. —
New .iaii ei-ected. Genesee Valley Canal com-
pleted. First person buried in Mouiit Hoi)e; cem-
etery dedicated October 2d. Miss Mary B. Allen's

seminary opened on the present site of the Warner

building. The Rochester Union Grays and Roch-
ester City Oadets (afterwards Light Guards) formed
out of the Pioneer Rifles.

183)— The Liberal party formed under the leader-
ship of Myron Holly. The Rochester Freeman

established. Famous (bloodless) battle of Lyell

Bridge fought between the Cadets rnd Union Grays,
for a bass di-um.

1840 — A Semi-centennial celebration commeraor-
atmg the settlement of Western New York was held,

March 16. The Reformed Presbyterian Church

Society founded. First carload of freight left on

the Rochester and Auburn Railroad; depot of the
road built here; first rime-table published Septem-
ber 8. George B. Ben.iamin and .John Eaton, fire-
men, killed at the burning of the Curtis building.

Western New Y'ork Agricultural Society organized.
(icrman Grenadiers organized.

1841 — The remains of patriot soldiers, a detach
ment of Sullivan's army, massacred by the Indians
and Tories, exhumed in Livingston county and
Iniried in Mount Hope, with imijo.sing ceremonies.

Myron Holly, one of the founders of the Jjiberty

party, died. Elijah F. Smith, first Mayor elected

iiv the people. Board of Education organized,

with Levi A. Ward, President, and I. F. Mack, Su-
perintendent. The public schools organized un-
der the new system, with .34 teachers and 2,300
pupils. First Unitarian Church Society organ-
ized. Genesee Lodge, I. O. O. F., (the first Odd

Fellows lodge in Rochester) instituted. Ellwang-

er & Barry engaged in the nursery business.

The first brewery established by Daniel Warren.

1842— Jesse Hawley, a resident of Rochester vil-
lage and the original projector of the overland
route of the Erie canil. died at Cambria, Niagara

county. A duel fought on Pinnacle hill; one man

hiu't; names not given. The new aqueduct fin-
ished at a cost of $600,000. The Rochester &Ton-

awanda Railroad completed to Attica. St. Mary's

Roman Catholic Chiu'ch founded. Teoronto

Lodge. Monroe Rebecca Degi'ee Lodge, and Mount

Hope Encampment (all I. O. O. F.) instituted.

Thomas Mercer opened the first daguerreotype
gallery.

1843— Mass meetings held in favor of Irish free-
dom and the repeal of her union with England.

.John Quincy Adams visited Rochester .July 27.

Masonry revived in this city. St. Peter's and

Paul's Roman Catholic Church, Our Lady of Victory
(French) R<jman Catholic Church, and Berith

Kodesh temple founded. Firemen's lot pui'chased

in Mount Hope.

1844— Joseph Marsh came to Rochester in the
spring and started a weekly paper, The Voice of
7>'(/W. devoted to Millerism; the new faith made
many converts; on Octolier 25th the Millerites gath-
ered in Tallmau's Hall to aw.ait the end of the
world; a rabble gathered outside and the police had

to interfere. First telegraph office opened in

Rochester by the New Y'ork, Albany and Biiftalo

Telegraph company Daily American established.

The census showed a population of 23,.5.'>3-

an increase of 3,3.'J8 in three years. Death of Levi

W. Sililey, a pioneer. Three hundred and ten new

buildings erected during the year.

181.5— Convention of the Western New Y'ork Anti-
Slavery Society, February .5, 6 and 7. An "anti-
gambling" society organized May 21. John C.

tlhumasero issued the fli-st novel, "The Mysteries

of Rochester;" William Beach publisher. ^Trinity

Episcopal Church founded. — Rochester City Lodge,
I. O. O. F., instituted.

181C>— The i)rinters of W'estern New Y'ork held
their first festival and celebrated Franklin's birthday

in grand style. Rev. Ashbel Baldwin, the oldest

ordained Episcopal minister, in the United States,
died in this city. Western House of Refuge es-
tablished. — Jonathan Child brought the first coal

to Rochester tor use in furnaces and foundries.

First Universalist Church founded. — Valley Lodge,
F. A. M., instituted

1817— CJaptain Wilder organized a company for

service in the Mexican war. The Society of

Pioneers organized, with Enos Stone as President.
The mortality for the year was 747, a death- rate

/P%.^

JONATHAN CHILD.

Jonathan Child, tliR first Mayor of Rochester, was born in ITS.'), in Vermont. He was of
pure New England parcjilage and of Puritan liiioage. His ancestoi-s turned their backs upon
English intolerance in l(i:!(), landed in I'oxbury, Mass., and settled at AVocKlstock, in the north-
eastern corner of Connecticut. Colonel Jonathan Child, his grandfather, and eight sons, (ireen
Mountain boys, enlisted as patriot soldiers in th(^ Revolutionary War and t<jok i)art in the battles
of Lexington, Binikei- Hill, in I'ennsyhauia and at l^ake Chaniplain. The grantlson, Jonathan
Child, the subject of this sketch, served his country during the war of 1812, with a commission
of Major, and wa-s pre.seiit at the battle of Poi-t Erie. Mr. Child, on leaving his New England
home, went to TTtica and taught school, and thence moving to West Rloomfield, Ontario county,
engaged in mercantile business. He afterward moved to Perrry, Wyoming county, and then to
Charlotte. He was elected Member of Assembly twice from (hitario county, in bSK) and 1S17.
He married a daughter of Colonel Rochester in isis, and came to Roche^ster t-o live in 1820. Here
he was a merchant and contractor, and among other enterprises in which he was engaged he
built the locks in the Eiie Canal at fiOckport. He was a prominent member of the Masonic fra-
ternity. He held no public oflice in Monroe county until elected by the Connuon Council as
Mayor. He was elected as a Whig. His administration of nnnnci])al affairs was distinguished
by great personal integrity and firmness. He was reappointed in 18:55 for one year from that
date, but the Common Conncil being Democratic in 1835, he resigned his office, principally be-
canse he was unwilling to sign as many licenses for the sale of intoxicating liquore as the Council
desired. After retiring from the ISfayoralty, he h(>ld no public position except that of Superin-
tendent of the Poor for a single term. He died in 18()0. He was a man of fine presence, of cour-
teous mannei-s, and of the most upright character.

of more tliau 2V^ per cent. — Tlie new railroad
bridge of the Auburn & Roohester railroad built

across the river. City Hospital incorporated.

St. Paul's Church burred. John P. Fox and two

of his daufrhters. Margaret and Kate, who had
moved into the house of Michael Weekman. at
Hydesville, Wayne county, began to hear mysteri-
ous noises.

1848— Kate Fox. March 31, answered the rai)pings
at Hydesville and established her allegeil comnui-
nication with the spirit world: considerable excite-
ment ensuing: in the neighbdrhond over the "spook
business," Jlrs. Fish, another daughter, brought
the family to Rochester and they occupied a house
on Troup street, where the noises, henceforth
known to the world as "Rochester Kappings."
, contauued: Isaac Post, Amy Post. R. D. .loncs.
John E. Robinson and fieorge Willits foi-nied

the first Spirit lu^Iistic
P. Pierce, a young
niysteriously murdered
the river; the murdercT

organization. Porter

woolen manufacturer,
; his body found in
never discovered. Abi-
gail B\ish presided in this city over the second

Woman's Rights Convention in the State. The

office of Superintendent of Schools made elective.

Monroe Commandery revived. The present

St. Paul's church erected. The Rochester gas

company organized and works built: the first gas

consumA- was C. A. .Tones United Presbyterian

church. First Reformed church and Immaculate
Conceptii>n church, founded. "Rochester Rap-
pings" first publicly explained at Corinthian Hall,

November 14tii. The City Mills, being overloaded

with grain, fell.

1S(!) -The cholera re-apijeared; about IfiO deaths

occurred. Dr. HardeubrooV ac(iiiitted of the

charge of niuroering Thomas Nott. Fanny Kem-

ble gave readings. Home for the Frieuilless

founded. -Mayor's court abolished.— (Sermaii !M.
E. church founded. — Atiout this time the 51th Regi-
ment (militia) was founded.

IS.'JO- University of Rochester founded. Bufl'alo

& Rochester Railroad Company organized. Mon-
roe County Savings Bank incorporated Roches-
ter Driving Park established. The l,ockport &

Niagara Falls Railroad extended to Rochester.

General Fbenez"r S. Beach a pioneer miller,

and .lohn T. Tallman. anotherearly settler, died.

Handet Scrantom died. The cornerstone of the

Court House laid. June 30th. (Jeneral observance

of the death of President Taylor. Powers's

"Greek Slave" exhibited here. -^^ — IklUii lloiild
established ; its name was changed to th<' Daily

Tillies; it collapsed in a few mrnths. Yonnondio

Lodge, F. A. M.. and Monroe District Grand Com-
mittee, I. O O. F., mstituted. Population, 3f5,.'iGl,

an increase of 11. 296 in five years.

18,')l — President Fillmore visited the city (May
20th I with three members of his Cabinet: a public
demonstration in honor of the visitors took yilace.

Daniel Webster addressed a large crowd from

the south eml of the Arcade gallery. May 21th.

Jenny Lind sang at Corinthian TIall, July 22d and
24th; the receipts for the second I'ight, $2, .501. 41, she

caused to be distributed among local charities.

Stephen A. Douglas delivered the address at the
State fair; a civic festival held oue evening during
the fair was attended by ex-President Tyler, (iov-
eruor Hunt, ex-Governor Marcy, ex-Governor IMor-
tou. of Massachusetts, Horace Greeley and others.

Chancellor Whittlesey died September 19th

Euos Stone, pioneer, died Oct«ber 23. Iguacio

Texeira I'into murdered November 2.5. Matthew

Brown, who came here in 1817. died Decemlier 28.

The new Court-House finished; cost, $61,931.95 ;

later adtlitions, $10,000. Roswell Hart first in-
troduced coal for domestic use. Rochester Theo-
logical Seminary founded. Rochester & Genesee

Valley Railroad Company organized. German

Baptist C'hurch and Plymoutii Congregational
Church foimded. Rochester Free Academy estab-
lished. Harmonic Society organized. Hum-
boldt Lodge, L O. O. F., instituted.

1852— The remains of Ignacio T. Pinto, luL'^sing
since the previous November, found in a cellar on
the Lyell road February G ; Blaurice Aiitonio exe-

cuted for the nuirder June 3. The remains of

llenry Clay passed through here, on the way to
Kentucky, July G; formal obsequies held .Tulv 13,
and a funeral procession " under the direction of the

voimg men of Rochester," Jidy 23. Return of the

cholera; nearly 700 cases; 420 to 473 deaths. Me-
morial services on the death of Daniel Webster held

at Corinthian JIall, Novem\)er 23 Work begun on

the Rochester and Genesee Valley railroad. — The
city divided into ten wards. — Rochester A' Char-
lotte railroad company organized. First train

from Rochester to Niagara Falls June 30. — North
Street M. K. church. Evangelical Reformed church
and Frank street M. E. Church founded.^ — Scott's
band 'organized .— Second depot (afterwards that

of the Central-Hudson roadi finished Monroe .

Rebekah Degree Lodge. I. O. (1. F. (the first ladies'
lodge), instituted. — Rochester Btobachter estab-
li.shed.

1853— Four girl.s burned to death in the Bochester
House fire, April 29th. The New York Cen-
tral and Hudson River Railroad Company
formed May 17th, by the merging of the
Tonawanda, Rochester and Aid)iu-n, the Niagara
Falls. TiOckport and Rochester, Rochester and
Charlotte, and the Rochester and Syracuse railroads.

Office of Chief of Police created and Addy Van

Sl^ck elected. Cornhill M. E Church. Alexander

>r. E. Church and St. Peter's Presbyterian Church

founded. Fran<;is (iretter, aged about 13 years,

ffitally stabbed Paul Satterlee, same age; sen-
tenced to the House of Refuge imtil of age.

The Seamstresses formed a protective union.

Sil.as Hall, pioneer, died. — The Association for

.Tuvelile Reform organized. Corner-stone of

Plymouth Church laid, September 8th, and that of

St. Mary's September 18th. Rochester Medical

society organized. Rochester YolkMatt estab-
lished.

18.54— Everard Ppc'k, pioneer, died. Mysterious

disappearance of Emma Moore, aged thirty -seven;

$1,0(X) reward offered. Ma-nnerchor organized.

r Blossom House destroyed by fire: loss. $150,000.

St. Bridget's Roman Catholic Church founded.

1855— Woman's Rights Comity Convention held at

Corinthian Hall. The Union Grays quelled a riot

of strikfng canal laborers. The night of Feb. 6-7,

the coldest known ; mercury 26° below zero.

May 11th. Martin Eastwood sentenced to hang for
the nuirder of Edward Brereton. but a new trial re-
sulted in life imprisonment. The body of Emma

IMoore found in the upper race. The "Ameri-
can " or "Know-Nothing" party, attaining its great

est strength, elected Charles .T. Havden Mayor

.Junior Pioneer Association organized. President

Ezra M. Parsons. Mrs. IjcvI Ward, Mrs. Joseph

Sibley, Mrs. Samuel J. Andrews, Eli Stillson and

Ell)ert AV. Scrantom, early settlers, died. Christ

Church. (EpiscopaD founded. Veteran corps of

the Rochester Union Grays organized in December.

18.56— Heavy snow blockades. Elihu Burritt. the

" Learned Blacksmith." lectured before the Typo-
graphical Union. The Suspension bridge com-
pleted over the river at Carthage, at a cost of $25,000.

Rev. John Donnelly killed by the cars on the

Central Railroad bridge, August 0th. Charles M.

Lee, leading lawyer, died. Flower City Bank or-
ganized (made a national bank in 1865). Calvary

Presbyterian Church founded.

1857— The year opened, as did the previous one,
with very heavy falls of snow. A flood in Feb-
ruary carried off several buildings on the north side
of tlie old Main street bridge. Abolitionist Con-
vention held February 10th. Ephraim Moore,

jiioneer. died. The new Carthage Suspension

l)ridge fell, during April. The bill for extending

the Genesee Valley Canal jm.ssed. Main street

bridge finished, at a cost of $G0,0(X). While en-
gaged in the rebuilding of Andrews street bridge,

Nathan Newhafer was swept over the falls.

1 )aily Deinocral office destroyed by fire. St Mary's

HospiUil coniHienced in two small stone stables on
Genesee street, near Main.- — Merging of the daily
American and daily Dewocral under the stvle Demo-

cral and Aiiuricaii. Patrick Heavy and AVilliam

Cleator, firemen, killed at the burning of the Eagle

bank building. December Kjtli, Ira Stout mur-
dered Charles W. Littles, with the assistance of Mrs.
Littles, Stout's sister. Industrial School incor-
porated.

1858— Fimeral held here of T. Hart Strong and
Henry H. Rochester, who had perished at the burn-
ing of the Pacific Hotel, St. Louis. Third Pres-
byterian Church burned. William H. Perkins, of

this city, killed in a railroad accident near Utica.

August 17. general celebration of the laying of

the first Atlantic cable; a serious conflagration vis-
ited the city the same night. Longmuir's brewery

and other property being turned, loss Sl75,000.

Alerts and Protectives formed. Williaai H.

Seward originated the phra?e, " the irrepressible
conflict," in an anti-slavery speech, a^ Corinthian

Hall. October 25. Dr F F. Backus, pioneer, died.

- — Stout hanged, October 22: Mrs. Littles sentenced
for seven years.

1859— Another Rochester Z'ai^y Tivu's started, Jan.
^th; it was discontinued in April and revived
in June as the Rochester EiHmiiiQ Expresii.— -
De Lave walked a tight rope stretched directly over

Genesee Falls. The first locomotive explosion

(that of the engine Ontario) took place west of the

Central depot; no one killed. The Second Baptist

Church (on the present site of Washington Hall)

burned Rev. George Bush, the distinguished

commentator, died here. The Traders' Bank

organized (nationalized, 1865).

1860--First Wide Awake company in the State or-
ganized here for the first Lincoln campaign; 100
outfits for the organization secured by George C.
Buell and D. M. Dewey. — Old Brick church torn

down; erection of present Brick church begun.

Convention held for the formation of the Westei'n
New York Agricultural, Horticultural and Mechani-
cal Association. Free Methodist Church and

Christadelphian Church founded. Steam fire en-
gines substituted for hand-working engines

Rev. .Joseph Penny, I). D., died. New building

of the Home for the Friendless opened. Ex-
Mayor Child died. Doric Council. R. and S. M..

and (lenesee Falls Lodge, F and A. M.. instituted.

1861— Dr.Levi Ward died. An Alxjlition conven-
tion mobbed at Corinthian Hall. Jaiuiary 11

President-elect Lincoln, on his way to Washington,
addressed a vast ci'owd at the depot, February 18

The Common Council appropriated $10,000 to

defray urgent war expenses; the citizens suliscribed
$40,0()0 for the families of volunteers. — The Thir-
teenth Regiment (raised in Monroe county, uuis-
tered in May 14th; the first to leave for the seat of
war from this part of the State. The Eighth Cav-
alry recruited.— — Congressman Alfred Ely, being
informed that some of his constituents (members of
the Thirteenth) had been wounded in the skirmish
at Centreville, left Washington to render assistance,
and going too near the battlefield at l^ull Rmi. was
captured by the rebels, July 21st. and taken to Rich-
mond pri.son, where he remained until December
25th, when he was exchanged for Charles .T. Faulk-
ner, formerly United States minister to Friince, who
had been arrested for l)etray»l of his trust in the iu-
terestof the South. Calvin Iltisou, jr., ex District-
Attorney of IMonroe county, cai)lured neai'Bull Run
by rebel pickets, July 2:!d. and taken to Riclimond
prison, where he died of tyj>lioid fever, < )ctober 2Jt,h.

< »ttice of Fire Marshal created an<l ( ). L. Angevine

elected to fill the position. St. Boniface Roman

Cathoiic Church founded. — Jauii's A'Ick first

began the systemutic growing of fluwcr seeds.

Deaths of Selah Mathew, General Lansing B. Swan,
Orlando Hastings, Ebenezer Griffin and Joshua
Conkey.

18t)2—f Congressman Ely .accorded a reception .Tan
4th, on his retui-n from captivity. The ( "ne Hun-
dred and Fifth Regiment of infantry organized at

Rochestei and LeKoy. The One Hun

red and Eighth Regiment left for
the seat of war, Aug. 10; the One Huu-

red and P'ortieth left a month later. Parson

Brownlow delivered an address at ('orinthian Hall.

Clarissa street bridge completed; cost, S]5,(M)0.

Dr. Lewis Swift discovered his first comet in his
primitive observatory, on the gravel roof of Duffy's

cider mill. The Eighteenth Battery (Mack's)

mustered in. — — Deaths of Mrs. Hamlet Scrantom

and Harvey Ely, pioneers. First Rochester Haru-

gari lodge instituted.

1S03— Emancipation celebration at Corinthian

Hall, Jan. 4th. The Eagle Hotel changed

into a business block, after being conducted
as a tavern for forty years. The Twenty-
sixth Battery of Light Artillery mustered

in, February." The corner-stone of St. Mary's

Hospital laid June 2Sth. The first street-
car ran July 9th. Company E (now the Eighth

Separate Comoauy) organized. — Impressive
funeral of Colonel Patrick H. O'Rourke, who was

killed at Gettysburg. The Fifty fourth Regimer t,

N. G., S. N. Y., left for New York to aid in suppressing

the draft riots. 1.096 names drawn from the wheel

to fill the city 's(iuotaof drafted men. First Union

League in the State organized here. Paid Fire

Department established. Rochester City &'

Brighton (street) Railroad Company incorporated.
The Fourteenth Regiment of Artillery mus-
tered in, December. The Junior Pioneer Associ-
ation merged with the older society Arion Singing

Society organized. Rochester Division Brother-
hood of Locomotive Engineers established. — Among
the deaths of the year were t hose of Rev. John T.Coit,
D.D , Isaac R. El'wood, William C. Bloss, Wjlliam S.
Bishop, Samuel (J. Andrews. Rev. Dr. Calvin Pease,
Silas O. Smith .and his son L. Ward Smith.

1H(j4— Funeral of Major Jerry Sullivan, killed in a

skirmish in Virginia. The Fifty-fourth regiment

nuistered into the United States service and

sent to Elniira to guard rebel prisoners City

Hosijital opened, January 28 Twenty-Second

Regiment (cavalry) mustered in, Feliruary.

Brackett House built.— — Holy Family Roman
Catholic Chun.'h founded. Rochester Fire De-
partment incorporated Rochester Business Uni-
versity establishf-d. Speculation ran rife in petro-
leum and in Western Union Telegraph stock Seth

Green began his experiments in fish hatching — —
Rev. .Tames Nichol, Anson House, ,Ta,«!on Baker,
Captain Daniel Loomis and Colonel Eliphas Trim-
mer died during the year.

1865— The doubled stock of the Western Union
Tf-legr.aph C!ompany (whose headquarters were in
this city) run up to $280 per share March IVtli. then
fell to ,$120, and, before tlie summer was over, to
$68. bringing ruin to many. A great flood sub-
merged the central part of the city, March 17th;
damage to property, estimated at over one million

dollars ; no lives lost. Lee's surrender celebrated,

April 9th. The funeral of President Lincoln, at

Washington, April 19lh, oljserved here by a public
denionsti-ation, including a procession, with a funeral
car ; the President's remains pas.sed through Roch-
ester tlie 27th. The Fenian Brotherhood held a

grand demon.stration at the Court House, August

12th. The old Eagle Tavern demolished to make

way for I'owers Block. Rochester Philharmonic

society organized. Present police force or-
ganized. Hmuane society established.

Audul)on Club organized. During the year

the city lost by death, ex-Mayor .and ex-Con-
gressman Thomas Ken\]).shall, Moses Chapin, (the
first County Judge) and e.x-Mayor ,Tohn C. Nash.

1S66- .lonatluin T. Orton, a hackman, found uuu--
dered, Maicli stii; one man arrested proved an

alibi; the murderer was never found. Several

Rochester li'enians took part in the " invasion " of

Canad.a in .June. President Johnson, accom-

I)anieil by Secretaries Seward and Welles, (iener.als
(irant and Custer. Admiral ]''aiTagut and others
gave an oiien air rece|)tion in Rochester. — Holy

Ke(lo(<mer (Ivomnu CattioUcM Church founded.

O'Rourke IVist. No. 1, (i. A. R., organized. (Jrand

Ijodge of Perfection, A. and A. S. R.. instituted.

Moiu-oe County Homeopathic Medical Society or-
ganized.

1867— An ice gorge foi-mcd at the piers of the Erie
railroad l)ridge in February, and threw the water
into the Genese(i Valley canal, causing a flood in

l)ortious of the Third and Eighth wards. Cyrene

Conunander.\, No. .39, K. T., organized February
4. Rochester Lodge, 660, F. and A. M., organized

CORNELIUS R. PARSONS.

The Hon. Cornelius R. Parsons, now in hi« Hl'th term as Mayor of Rochester, is the son of
the late Hon. Thomas Parsons, (State Senator, and was born in York, Livingston county, May
23, l'S4;3. His fatlier removed to Rochester in 1^45, antl since that year Mayor Pai'sous has been
a resident of this city. He received his education in the public schools and in the select school
taught by Prof. John R. Vosbur^h. When (jnite a young man, he engaged in the lumbering
and milling business. In the spring of ISdl he was elected a member of the Common Council,
and was re-elected to the same jjosition in the spring of 18(»S and ISiU. During the last year of
his second term he was chosen President of the Board. In the .spring of ISTO he was nominated
by the Republicans and elected Mayor over Colonel James Rrackett, the Democratic candidate.
He has been four times re-elected by large majorities over some of the most prominent men of
the party opposed to him. He has also seveial times been a member of the Republican State
Committee, a position he holds at the present time. He is one of the most popularmayors the
city has ever had, and was very active in promoting the success of the semi- centennial
celebration.

February IR, and chartered August 22. A board

of trade was established March 'Jth, and after hvinp:

a few months, expired. The " Black Crook "' ran

thirty-six niffhts at the Metropolitan Opera House.
Kistori played "Queeu Klizabeth " ;vt Corin-
thian Hall, Apiil 10th. -John I). Pike, Henry

Foi"schler and .Joseph Wernette, firemen, killed at
the biirninf; of Washinjjton Hall and the Palmer
Wock InMay. lonjc Chapter. :J1(), K. A. M., organ-
ized July 10. Weston passed throufjh here at mid-

niit,'ht of November 12tli. on his walk from Portland
to ('hicago. Mechanic's Savings Haidc incorpo-
rated. Advent Cnristian ( 'liurch founiled. The

body of liOnis Fox, a celebrated liilliard playei',

foiuid in the river at Charlotte. Seth (ireen

went t« Holyoke and made the discovery of hatch-
ing shad artificially. Rochester Council Princes

of .lerusalem. Sovereign grand chajit^'r Rose ('roix,
Germania l,odge of Perfection, and Rochester (irand
(Vmsistory (all A. and A. S. R. ) instituted; also Ionic
Chapter, R. A. M. — Ma.ior-(!eneral .lacob Gould
(also ex!\layon, died; other deaths were those of
Dr. M.M. Mathews, and Dr. Chester Dewey.

ISdS— .Joseph Jlessner murdei-ed his wife in Pen-
field, April l.'ith. The builer of an engine on the

(jeuesee Valley railroad exploded near the depot ou
Exchange street, Sei)t. Mth, killing the engineer,

lirakeman and three little girls. During the year

50.! houses were built at a cost of Sl.-tr>0,liK). Prof.

.John F. Ricliai'dson au«Iex District- Attorney Martin

S. Newton died. Powers's block begun (the north-

ernm»)st store, incorporated in the great structure,

was built a few years before). James H. llackett

played /ui/x'dff.' The /hii/i/ (7(/Y«//"r/' established liy

Lewis Sel.ve. — ^Westminster ("hurch founded.

Protestant Episcopal Church Home established.

Rochester Safe Deposit Comitauy incorporated.

18(J'.) — Practical operations in (ish-hatching were
begun luider the direction (if Seth Green, the State

having piu'chasetl his hatchery at Caledonia.

I'^ight persons killed and about, fifty injured by the
falling of .-i floor in the Gertrian school of Saints Pe-
ter and Paul. St. Patrick's Cathedral opened with

impressive ceremonies March 17 th. (;)(ld ?'eIlows'

senu-centennial celebrated, April titith. The swing

bridge on Exchange street liuilt. Joseph Mess-

nev, who was to have been hanged June 4th, and
subseijuently on December lOMi, obtained a new

trial. Powers's block, so fai- as the State street

part and the Stone part ou West Main street are

concerned, was tinished this y(>ar. Metropolit'in

Opera House destroyed by tire. Rochester and

State Line liailroad Company incorporated. East

Side Savings Bank incorporated. Fire alarm

telegraph finished: cost $]-J,(lO0. Church of the

Good Sh"plierd, Church of the Ejiiiihany (both
Episcopal), and the Church of the Kefoi-mation
(Lutheran) foiujded. E.^empt Firemen's Associ-
ation organized. Rochester Club founded. -

(Jrace Relx'kah Degiee liodge 1. <*.<>. F., instituted.

Monroe Rebekah Degree Lodge (the first ladies'

lodge) chartered. Riverside Rowing ( iub

organized. Deaths of Colonel John H. Thompson,

ex-Mayoi- William Pitkin, Rev. Dr. Samuel Luclcey,
and Frederick Starr.

1870 — Veterans of 1812 held a meet ing at the Court

House .ramiar-y !;;rh. Canal convention held at

CorinthiaTi Hall to adv<icate the aliolition of the
c>>ntr;ict syston in lepairing canals. State sports-
men's convention held here. Captain (or Gen-
eral) O'Neil ari'ested and loilged in Jail while about
to lead the Fenians into Canada upon another raid.

The State Arsenal Imilt. Powers' block ex-

teuded on West Main street to Pindle alley. —
Funerill oliseiiuies held over the remains of Colonel
George Rjaii of the 1 lOth Resriiui'nt, who was killed

atLaiu-i'l Hill. :\Iay 8, 18(14. Rochester Water

Works ( 'oini>any formed. Dfinncidl and Clooiiiclc

consolidated. Aitz Raanon Kodesh congregation

founded. Deaths of Ebenezer Ely, ex fliayor S.

W. D. Moore, ex-Mayor Hamlin Sfilwell, ex-County
Judge I'atrick G Huchan, and Mrs. Mary Ann
Scrantoiw.

1871 — iirient Lodge, No. •i'i-'i, L O. O. F.. in-
stituted March 2lst, with 124 charter members.
The German citizens held a peace .iubilee

(April 10th), over the closing of the Franco-Prussian

war. The Fifty-fourth regiment (pielled a riot

(May 4th), among strikers at the "o.x Bow."

The negro Howard commited an aggravated as-

saidt on a little eirl. .Joseiih Messner hanged.

(Jrand ()pei-a House opened. East avenue and

Lake avenue Baptist churches fomided. Publica-
tion of tlie Sunday Times begun. A lodge of

Knights of Pythias first instituted here. Floral

and Koerner Lodges, L O. <J. F., instituted.

Rochester Pathological Society founded. Old

Cadets organized. The dead of the year:

H. N. Curtis, Dr. Horatio N. Fenn (the' first
in Western New York to devote himself exclu.sively
to dentistry), Preston Smith (who came liere in
1813), Rev. Dr. Barker, of St. Mary's church. Rev.
Dr. Albert G. Hall. Aristarchus Champion, (leorge
H. Mmnford and Dr. Philander. G. Tobey.

18T2— The Howai-d riot, (January 3): .John Elter
and Hemy Merlaii killed, five others wounded;
secret session of the court held at which How,ard
pleaded guilty and was sentenced for twenty years.

Fiuieral of William A.Reynolds, .lanuary l.").

A small i)Ox epidemic visited Rochester; twenty-
eight deaths and many cases (hat were not fatal;

a general vaccination ordered. Cerebro-siiinal

meningitis raged with great violence during Marcli;

twenty -eight deaths. The "epizootic" caused

great mortality among the horses in October.

The following named women voted the National and
Congressional ticket's in th" Eighth ward: Susan
B. Anthony, ^Irs. Hannah Anthony INlosher, Mrs.
JIary S. Hilibard, Mrs. Mancy M. Chapman,
Mrs. Jane M. Cogswell, Mrs. Martha N. French, Mrs.
Margaret Leydeu, Mrs. Lottie Bolles Anthony. Mrs.
Hannah Chatfield, Mrs. Susan M. Hough, Mrs. Sarah
Truesdale, Mrs. Mary Pulvei-, Mrs. Rhoda DeGarmo,
Mrs. Guelma Anthony McLean, Miss Mary S.
Anthony, and Miss Ellen T. Baker; those who reg-
istered but whose votes were not accepted, were:
Mrs. Amy Post, IMrs. 31arv Fish Curtis, Mrs. Dr.
Dutbin, Mrs. Charlotte Wilbur Griftin, Mrs. Dr.
Wheeler, Mrs Ijatlirop, Mrs. Allen; the 14 women
who voted were arrested held to bail and indicted :
three of the inspectx>rs of election, B'jverly W. .Jones.
Wu). B Hull and Edwin T. ^Marsh, were also in-
dicted: of the wonieu who vob-d. Miss Anthony aicaie
was tried. Rochester (Serman lusiu'aTice Com-
pany chai'tered. Stiite Jjinc lailrtiad commenced.

— Rapids Baptist Church and fllemorial Presby-

tei'ian t'hurch founded. \'incent |ilace bi'idge

begun. Holy Sepulchre cemetery and Young

Men's Catliohc Association incorporated. Abe-
lard, Amity and Old Star Clubs organized. Holy

Sepidchre Cemetery incorporated. Germania

liOdge, F. and A. M., instituted.— — Odd Fellows'
Union .\ssociation incorporated to build the Odd

Fellows' 'I'emiile. The dead of the year: O. M.

Benedict, Dr. li. C. Dolley, Isaac Post, Henry Stan-
ton. Lymau Munger and James Riley (the last
named three being pioneers).

187'3— The Rochester German " Real Schule " ded-
icated February 14. First session held in the new

Free Academy lim'lding, March 2.'Jd. The corner-
stone of the new City Hall laid May 28. Miss An-
thony convic-fed of ill<'g.al xoting and fined SlOO
.June lit; the inspectors fined .f 'J.") each and costs;

flues remitted l)y President (irant. The N'oung

Men's Catholic Association b'lilding opened, Oc-
tober 2!t. Vincent place bridge completed at a

cost of $1.")0.000. Bible reading in the public

schools discontinued. Rochester Driving Park

Association incorporated. — — (jlide Eni'amiiment, I.
O. O. F., instituted. Rochester Licdei-kranz or-
ganized. — Dead of the year: A. G. Bristol and Rob-
ert M. Dalzell (early -settlers), Thomtis Parsons
(Stat*- Senator, ]8<)7-78), Gideon W. Burbank, Dr.
Michael Weigel, .John Haywood (])ioneer, first
Treasin-er of Rochester Savings Bank), Colonel
Aaron Newton (]>ioneer), Ebenezer Watt (pioneer),
and .John McCoiivill (mcmbei- of Assemby 18(>4-5.

1874- t'ity building on Front street completed; cost
over S.^O.ooO. — The Holly water works went into
operstion; grand public test made Feliruary 18th.

Failure of the Farmei-s' and Mechanics'

Bank in May. Albert McCullough, aged

thirteen, crazed with liquor, threw him-
self into the river, and was swept over
the falls, — The finding of old city records
proved ex-Controller Robertson to have secreted the
same to cover np a defalcation of nearly $40,000—
Corner stone laid of the St. John's German Lutheran
and ttie First German M. E. Churches, and of St.
Joseph's Orphan Asylum— — Salem Evangelical
Church and St. Michael's Catholic Chiu-ch dedi-
cated. Organization and reunion of the school

boys who had attended the high school before 1843.

Hedding Mission, and St. John's (Lutheran)

Church founded. Police Benevolen Association

organized. Celtic Club formed. John G.

Klinck Lodge, I. O. O. P., instituted. Deaths: Sam

Drake (a local Isaak Walton), John M. French,
Father Andrew .J. Urennan, Pliny M. Bromley,
Isaac Butts, (veteran journalist), Thomas H. Roch-
ester (pioneer) and ex-Mayor Harvey Montgomery.

1875— The City hall opened to the public. January

5; cost of building, $337,000. Funeral of Geii.

Williams, March 29. Mass-meeting held (April

9th) in support of Governor Tilden's cotu'se in pros-
ecuting canal fraud cases. ^ — The Leighton bridge

works at East Rochester wrecked l)y a gale.

John Clark shot and killed John Trevor, July 3; the
murderer was hanged Novemlier 19. — The first
fast mail train from New York to Chicago, passed

thj'ough the city September 17. William J. Vian-

CO anct Andrew J. Northrup, engineer and fireman,
killed by the freight train which ran olT the track

in the Central depot, OctoVier 7 Y. M. C. A.

organized. Bank of Rochester incorporated.

Literary Union organized. Deaths: Elias Pond

(ex-Coliector of the port, Sheriffand Member of As-
sembly), Daniel E. Harris, William Brewster (pio-
neer), ex-Maj'or Rufus Keeler, Geoi-ge W. Par-
sous. Edward S. Boughton (pioneer), John Witt (ex-
Maj'or, Congressman, City Treasurer and, at the
time of his death, Major-General N. G. S. N. Y.),
Father Patricio Byrnes, (Jharles L. Pardee, David R.
Barton, Dr. H. li Haekett, ex-Mayor A. (Jartei-
Wilder. Dr. Hartwell (Jarver. and William H. Han-
ford (pioneer).

187(j— Hemlock lake water system completed, Jan.

23. Institute for Deaf Mutes incorporated. Feb.

4. Centennial oak sapling planted by the Ger-
mans in F'rankliu square. — -Murder of Policeman
Louis Gommenginger by A. C. Fairbanks, who was

sentenced for life. Murder of Joseph Fryer by

Stillnian who was also sentenced for life. Victor

Smith killed Catherine Boormanaud committed sui-
cide in jail. First Baptiht Cluu-ch built St.

.James (Episcopal) Church founded. Board of

Public Works abolished and Executive Board

created. WinLisor Club organized. Sunday

Herald estab ished. Rochester Athenaeum and

Mechanics' Association failed; library closed.
Deaths: Samuel Hamilton, Horatio G. Warner,
Judge Samuel L. Seldeii, William F. Holmes, Dr.
Douglass Bly, Dr. H. C. Wanzer, Abram Karnes,
and Lysamler Farrar.

1877.— The Fifty-Fourth Regiment ordered to Hor-

nellsville on accoimt of the railroad strike. The

Rochester Yacht Club held a regatta on the lake.

liepublican State Convention held in the City Hall,
September 2(1; Senator Conkling attacked 'George

William Curtis. Run on the liochcster Savings

Bank stopped by a display of over a million dollars

in greenbacks. The Water Works Department

Ilrst used the telephone from this city to lleI^locK-
Lake(twenty■eight miles), being the longest line then

in use In the world. Ebenezi-r (Dutch iieformed)

Church founded— — Rochestei- Art Club orgamzed.

— — Jewish ( )rphan Asylmn Society organized.

First Rochester lodge of the A. ( ). U.W. established.
Deaths: Rev. Dr. R. J. W. Bucklaiid, Riv. S. Em-
mons Brown, Samuel Chase (pidiiccr), BIrs. Marj
Anderson (pioneer), Augustin PiiMird (aged lO'J years),
ex-.ludge Harvey Hunq)hrey, (ieneral William E.
Lathrop, ex-Mayor John B. Elwood, Colouel C. T.
Amsden, George W. Rawson (Justice of the
S\iprejue Court), and Rev. Dr. J. V. Van Ingeii.

1878— The last rail ot the State Lino railroad laid
January 28.— — Fall of a building on Ex(;hange
street; Col. M. II. Smith terribly, but not fatally

burned.— Twenty-four prisoners broke out through
the wall of the jail, October 12th. German Evan-
gelical Luthern Church founded. Commercial

National Bank incorporated. Lincoln Club or-
ganized. Firemen's monument in Mount Hope

dedicated. First Rochester lodge of the Knights

of Honor established. Deaths: Dr. H. W. Dean.

Rev. John Barker, E. N. Buell, Charles P. Achilles,
Abelard Reynolds (first Postmaster and original
owner of Reynolds' Arcade), and George J. Whit-
ney. Severe snow storms blocked the railroads

during the last week of the year.

1879— The great snow blockade continued until
January 10th; many trains ran off the track and a
number of employes were killed; people frozen to
death in snow drifts in the country.— (Convention
of National Association of Stovemakers held here.

Failure of Stettheimer, Tone & Co.'s bank Feb.l.S.

— Rochester Microscopical Society organized (after-
wards became the Academy of Natural Sciences)

Celehration of the Maen'nerchor's twenty-fifth.

anniversary. -—The Elwood block erected.——
Rochester Telephone Exchange established; E.

Ocum])augh sent the lirst message. Rochester

and Lake Ontaiio railroad completed. — St. An-
drews Episcopal Church and Beth Israel Syna-
gogue founded. Fire and Waterworks Board

created. Rochester Opera Club organized; R. H.

Lansing, director: J. M. Angle, stage manager.

Rochester .\,ornhir/ Herald established.

Rochester (iun Club organized. Deaths: Dr.

Jonah Brown (pioneer, first physician in the settle-
ment), ex-Mayor .loseph Field. Dr. W. W. Ely, Ezra
Jones, and ( 'oionel A. T Lee.

1880 — Recejjtion in this city of Cliarles Stewart

Parnell, the Irish patiit)t, Jan. 20. Wallace Rice

stiot (not fatally) by Robert J. Jarrard, a lawyer;
.Tarrai'd hanged hiniseif thi-ee days later. — Mon-
roe County Land League ( he first in .\merica) or-
ganized February 1; William Pim-chII. President.

Rochester Society of Natiu'al Sciences established.

Ro<!hester and Charlotte Turnpike Company

organized. Rochester (.)rnithological Society or-
ganized. St. Elmo Encampment, Knights of

Malta, instituted. Rochester Bicycle Club

organized. Great Presidential campaign; Gen-
eral (irant and Senator Conkling among those
present at the Republican rally, October 27th;
tteneral McClellan, the Democratic orator, the
next evening; nearly 7,000 men in line in each torch-
light procession Deaths: Abner Wakelee, Ly-
man B. Langworthy, Johnson 1. Robbins and Ed-
win Scrantom (pioneers), P. M. Crandall, Aaron
Erick.son, William Kidd, ex-Mayor Elijah F. Smith,
Edmund j^yon. Dr. J. F. Whitbeck. and John Wid-
ner (aged 100 years).

1S81— The State Line Railroad sold at auction for
$000,000 and reorganized as the Rochester & Pitts

Ijurg Railroad. t!opies of the Revised Version of

the New Testament first sold in Rochester May 21,
L.^OO copies disposed of on that day. Enter-
tainment at the Corinthian Academy of Music for
the benefit of the Soldierx' and Sailors' Memorial
Fund. Maud >. trotteda mile in2:]0i.^at the Driv-
ing Park, making the fastest time on record. August

mil. Monster funeral procession held in honor

of President (iarfield September 20tli. Red Cross

Society organized. Rochester Academy of Sci-
ences incorporated. Rochester Art Exchange

organized. Mendelssohn Vocal Society organ-
ized Deaths: James C. Cochrane, William

Stebbins (pioneer), David Moody (pioneer,) (ieorge
D. Stillson, Samuel D. Porter and his eldest
son (Ijoth on the same day), ex-Mayor Levi A.
Ward, ex-Mayor Isaac Hills, William Burke, ,Iohn
H. Martindaie (Hritadier-General during the war
and aflei'ward Attorney -General of the State),
Mrs. Jehiel Barnard (pioneer), and Lewis H. Mor-
gan (the most distinguished ethnolo J ist of Amer-
ica).

1882— A small-pox epidemic being threatened, be
tween 20.000 and 30,000 persons were vaccinated. —
Four hundred out of 4.'>0 workmen struck at the
Cunningham carriage works (.January 28tli), by or-
der of the Knights of Labor; a compromise effected
March 1st. — The Employers' Protective Union

J-J

o
is:

33
'A
O

this city in
Labor protested
Penal Code and
Horses attacked

formed in opposition to tlie trades" unions.

Old Central depot torn down. Ground broken

for elevated tracks. Funeral exhibition

by the National Association of Undertakers, in

June. - — The Knights of

against certain featui'es of the

paraded over 0,000 strong.

by a disease called the "pink-
eye.'" Firemen's "state Convention held iiere in

August. The Osburn House closed and turned

into a business block. Genesee Valley Canal

railroad begun. The electric light made its ap-
pearance iu the city Beni David synagogue

founded. — Eureka club organized.— — Rochester

Musical Society organized. The Erening JSwpresn

changed to Post-£xpress. St. John's Episcopal

church founded. Oratorio society organized.

Rochester Canoe Club organized. Rochester

Newspaper Guild organized iu December; George
Moss president. President C. E. Upton's specula-
tions iu oilcaused the suspension of the City Bank,

December 21st. Deaths: Ex-Mayor Hamlet D.

Scrantom, David Bell ; Joseph Medbery (pioneer),
Benjamin Fish (pioneer), Nathan Huntington
(pioneer): Mrs. Mary Westbury (aged 100 years);
James Vick. the celebrated seedsman: Colonel
Charles J. Powers, Patrick H. Sullivan, Charles
H. Chapin, Francis Gorton, and E. Peshine Smith
<a noted publicist).

1883 — Sam Fang, Rochester's first Chinese voter,

was naturalized Jan. 8th. Rochester telegraphers,

in common with the rest of the brotherhood, began

an imsuccessful strike. Military funeral of (jen.

E. G. ^larshall, August ,5th. Free-thinkers' Na-
tional Convention held here in September. Visit

of Lord Chief Justice Coleridge, of England. The

bi-centennial of the German settlement of America
celebrated. — -The new Central-Hudson railroad
dejiot and the elevated tracks completed; cost about

$■^,000,000. Powers' Hotel completed; cost about

S6;W,000 Warner observatory completed; cost

about $100,000. The Warner building on North

St. Paul street finished; cost about $500,-

000. Rochester and Lake Ontario Belt railroad

(Windsor Beach) completed. Genesee Valley

Canal railroad completed, opened and leased to the
Buffalo, New York & Philadelphia R. R. Co. Cogs-
well fountain erected ; it caused much merriment.

Jacob Lutz found murdered, Oct. 21 ; John Kelly

arrested — Donald Gordon (dry goods) failed

for $.500,000. Recess in public schools abolished

and shorter school hours established Second Uni-

versahst Church, North Mission (Presbyterian), and
Berith Oulom S.ynagngue founded. Central av-
enue bridge built, cost $40.000. City Bank torn

down to make way for the new building of the

Flour City National Bank. 3Ierchants' Bank

incorporated. Genesee Bicycle Club organ-
ized. Deaths: Ex-Mayor Samuel Richard-
son, Jeremiah Cutler, ex-Congressman Lewis

Selye, Dr. B. F. Gilkeson, H. Edward Hooker, ex-
Congressman Roswell Hart. Isaac Ashley, Dr. Hugh
Bradley, ex-Judge Addison Gardiner, Nathaniel T.
Rochester, ex-Mayor Charles J. Hill, Joseph Curtis,
ex-Judge E. Darwin Smith and Mrs. Anson House
(one of the witnesses to the first deed recorded in
the county). Assessed valuation of real and per-
sonal property, $3G,0.52,;5ro.90; taxes levied, $1,013,-
542.20.

1884— Berith Kodesh congregation adopted an

English ritual prepared by Dr. Landsberg. G. A.

R. State encampment held here. Reynolds

Librarj' organized, February 2d. House of Rpf uge

investigation begun, February .(J. Rowland Jones

threw himself over the Falls Slarch 13.— Free Trade
Club organized, March 24. - — Matthew Schleer shot

and seriousl.y wounded his wife, Anna, April 20.

Bank of Rochester changed to German-American
Bank. H.S.Potter died; his eccentric will contest-
ed. The new building of the Third Presbyterian

Church on Jleigs street begun. John Kelly

sentenced to hang; he appealed to the General

Term. Very heavy gale. May 2; wind 70 miles an

hour. The " Salvation Army " opened its "bar-
racks" on Exchange street, May 4. Financial

panic in New York caused uneasiness in Roctitster.

Asbury Church (erected in 1842) torn down

to make way for the new East Side Sav-
ings Bank building Reuben Crutchfield shot and

killed by Asa Dubois, May 23d: both colored men.

Visit from Dr. Brehm, German Naturalist. —

Agitation for nineteen wards. Streets renum-
bered " Dr." Sherman sentenced to Auburn for

three years, for malpractice. Free Kindergarten

Association organized. Pere Hyacintlie spoke in

French at St. Luke's and the First Presbyterian

Church, June 1st and 2d. William E. Winston

(colored), a foster son of Frederick Douglass, and
who was brought up in Rochester, died at Washing-
ton. Semi-centennial celebration. June 0th and

lOtb. The Old School Boys of Rochester held a

reunion, June 12. Work begun on the new East

Avenue Baptist Church, between Meigs street and
Park avenue. — —Governor Cleveland vetoed the ap-
appropriation for a school of technology at the

House of Refuge. The Grand Jury held a special

session to investigate alleged bribery in the city

government. Deaths: Martin Briggs, George B.

Harris (veteran fireman), Mrs. Silas O. Smith (pio-
neer), and her son, Edward M. Smith. Consul to
Mannheim.

Note.— The author desires tt) express his high
appreciation of the valuable assistance rendered
him (in his search for authentic information) by
George H. Harris, of Reynolds' library, William F.
Peck (son of the honored pioneer printer and editor,
Everard Peck), D. M, Dewey, George H. Humphrey,
Edward Ange\'ine, H. K. Phinney, of the Universitj-
Library, and many others.

THE ROCHESTER BREWING COMPANY.

NOTHING in Rochester better illustrates the progressive spirit of the
tunes than the wonderful advance of the institution whose name
appears at the head of this page. Less than ten years ago the
Rochester Brewing Companj' made its first appearance before the public,
and to-day it has taken rank among the leadmg breweries of the country.
It is largely through the efforts of this company that Rochester Lager
has become celebrated wherever Lager Beer is known. Organized in
1874, it has steadily increased from yeai- to year, and at the present
tmie has a capacity of over 100,000 bbls., and will in another year be
obliged to still further increase its facilities.

The success which so rightfully belongs to it is due not only to the
faitliful and energetic management of its officers, but also to the super-
iority and purity of its manufacture. Some time ago, when the char-
acter of the beer manufactured in Rochester was made the subject of
attack, this company was one of the foremost in asserting the entire
falsity of the statements that had been published, and in proof of its
assertions procured the services of Professor Latthnore, of the Roches-
ter University, to analyize its products. The analysis resulted in a
complete refutation of the charges. The professor, in giving the
analysis to the public, says :

RocHESTEB, May 10th, 1884.
The results of the analysis expressed in percentages by weight are as follows :
Specific gravity, - - - - . - 1011

Alcohol, - - - - ■ . . 4.58

Extract, - - - - . . .400

Maltose, - - - - - - o.-oO

Dextrine, - - - - - - - 2.7.'>

Albuminoids, - - - - - . o.30

Lactic Acid, - - - - . - O.IG

Ash, --.-... 0.21

Phosphoric Acid, - - - . _ - 0.03

Water, ------. 91. is

The analysis gave no indication of the presence of aloes, quassia or other bitter

substitutes for hops ; or that in the manufacture of this beer any other substances

had been used than malt, hops, yeast and water.

S. A. LATTIMORE.

The officers of the company are : Hon. E. K. Hai-t, President ;
John Keiser, Vice-President : W. N. Oothout, Secretaiy and Treasurer ;
Fredrick Hodecker, Practical Brewer.

18J30. 1884.

C. F. PAINE & CO.,

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DROGGISTS.

24 & 26 EAST MAIN STREET,

SUCCES80BS TO

WILLIAM PITKIN, established in 1820.
L. B. SWAN, '• " 1830.

LANE & PAINE, " " 1852.

The present members of the firm of C. F. Paine & Co. are Cyrus F.
Paine, Lemuel C. Paine, and Clarence D. Van Zant.

In 1852 Mr. C F. Paine in company with the late Alfred S. Lane, pur-
chased the stock of Drugs and Medicines of L B. Swan, who had been favorably
known as a Chemist and Druggist and who had conducted the business for 18
years.

In 1855 they became, by purchase of the stock formerly owned by Wil-
liam Pitkin, the successors of that house also, and under the firm names of
Lane & Pame and Lane, Paine & Co. the business was conducted until 1876,
when the present firm of C. F. Paine & Co. became proprietors.

The premises in which C. F. Paine & Co. carry on the Wholesale and
Retail Drug business, are located at 24 and 26 East Main Street, and the build-
ing was specially erected by L. C. & J. D. Paine for the purposes of this firm,
constituting the most complete and substantial establishment in this line of
business in Rochester. They occupy the entire ground floor and basement on
East Main Street and three stories in the rear part of the building ; the upper
stories, connected with the basement by an elevator, are used for the storage of
the very large stock required for their wholesale trade.

The Prescription Department is most thorouglily arranged and carefully
managed, and is supplied from their large stock of medicines, which includes
everything in demand by the Medical Faculty.

The stock in theii' Retail Dej^artment is also very complete — not only
being very large but embracing nearly every article required and in demand for
the toilet — comprising Fancy Toilet requisites, a great variety of Toilet Brushes,
Toilet Soaps, Colognes, Perfumed Extracts and Waters, and a full assortment
of Proprietary Medicines, Homeopathic Simples and Specifics.

They have also by far the largest stock of Surgical Instruments, Batteries
and ]^jlectrical appliances, Medicine Cases and Clinical Thermometers kept in
Western New York, and in fact, a much more complete assortment of these
goods than can usually be found at any one place in om* larger cities.

SMITH. PERKINS & CO.

)

JL Jl \J

L KKJ

ERS,

13. 15 and 17 EXCHANGE STREET.

This house was established by Elijah F. Smith
in 1826, aud has continued from that day until the
present, under the firms of E. F. Smith & Co., E. F.
& A. G. Smith, and Smith, Perkins Si Co. The
present stjde was adopted over thirty years ago.
The late AVilliam II. Perkins was a member of this
firm for many years until his deatii in May, 18.58.
The present firm consists of Charles F. Smith, (nk
man H. Perkins and Harvey W. Brown. The foun-
der of the house, Mr. E. F. Smith, died at an ad-
vanced age in 1882. He was the first Mayor elected
by the voice of the people, iu 1841. This house is
the oldest grocery house in the city, and probably
in the State.

ROCHESTER GERMAN INSURANCE CO.

The Rochester German Insurance Company is the only local insur-
ance company in the city. It was founded in 1872 on a capital of
$100,000, which was increased to $200,000 the next year. It was
organized entirely on German capital, and has been conducted with the
conservatism and good business principles that characterize that class
of our population. Its success is shown by the publication of the
statement of its condition on the 31st of December, 1883, as follows:

Cash Capital, ------

$200,000 00

Unearned Premium Eeserve, - . - -

208,389 32

Reserve for Unpaid Losses and other Liabilities,

31,315 00

Net Surplus, -.-.--

135,319 33

Gross Assets. -----

$575,023 6s

SUMMARY OF ASSETS

■

United States Bonds, . . - . .

$118,156 25

Eochester City Bonds, ....

26,000 00

Georgia State Bonds, .... -

28,000 00

Pullman Palace Car Company Stock.

23,600 00

German-American Bank of Rochester Stock, -

10,000 00

Bonds and Mortgages, - . - -

2.55,110 00

Real Estate, -.--.-

1,822 82

Cash in Banks and on Hand, - . -

51,399 65

Due from Agents and at Home Office, - . .

53,401 83

Interest Accrued and Due, ... -

7,533 10

$575,023 65

The Directors and Officers of the company are as follows :

DIRECTORS.

J. J. Bausch, Louis Ernst, Chas. Rau, Louis Bauer, Frederick
Goetzmanu, William Vicinus, Nicholas Brayer, Mathias Kondolf,
Albrecht Vogt, Frederick Cook, John Lutes, John Weis, John Dufner,
George C. Maurer, John G. Wagner, Samuel Dubelbeis, Jacob Nun-
nold, Louis Wehn, Casper Wehle, Christian Yaky.

President, Frederick Cook ; Vice-President, Hon. John Lutes ;
Secretary, H. F. Atwood ; Counsel, Eugene H. Satterlee ; Special
Agent for the Western Department, O. C. Kemp.

The Company is doing business in twenty-six states in the Union,
and is well and favorably known not only throughout the insurance
fraternity, but the insurance public, for its sterling worth and prompt-
ness in meeting its losses.

HOWl ^ EOeiEi

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL

CARPET HOUSE,

No. 37 STATE STREET.

This leading Carpet House in Western New York
was established in Rochester in 1857, on the site of
the present spacious store. John H. Howe and
Clinton Rogers came from Worcester County, Mass.,
and by their energy and business qualifications soon
gained a firm footing here. From this beginmg the
house has gi'owu to be the largest and best between
New York and Chicago. They imjjort largely from
abroad, buy dii'ect ot the manufacturers, and at all
times keep a most complete stock of the finest goods
made. Their trade extends all through Central
and Western New York and Northern Pensylvauia,
and is constantly on the increase.

JOHN H. HOWE. CLINTON ROGERS.

KELLY LAMP COMPANY.

ESTABLISHED 1851.

LOCOMOTIVE HEx\D LIGHTS,

HEAD LIGHT BURNERS,

REFLECTORS,

GAUGE AND CAB LAMPS.
ALL KINDS OF LANTERNS,

SWITCH AND STATION LAMPS,
TRAIN SIGNAL LAMPS,

FRESNEL LAMPS,

STREET LAMPS,

PLAIN AND FANCY.

FIRE department; lamps and trumpets.

CONDUCTORS' NICKEL PLATED,

GERMAN SILVER AND BRASS LAMPS.

REPAIRING AND REPEATING.

LAMPS AND LANTERNS OF ALL KINDS
FOR FARMERS, MECHANICS,

HOTELS, STAGE DRIVERS,

LIVERY MEN, ETC.

The members of the Kelly Lamp Comjiany are: James II. Kf.t.ly, R. S.
Kenyon, D. T. Hunt, J. Miller Kelly, F. S. Upton and
H. Ward Kelly.

R. S. KENYON & CO.,

140 EAST MAIN ST.

This house was started in Albany in i860, by David Allard, who
was formerly with George C. Treadwell & Co., heavy Fur Dealers.
It was moved to Rochester in 1866 and located at 55 Main street,
now one of the numbers of Burke, FitzSimons, Hone & Co. A co-
partnership was formed between Mr. R. S. Kenyon, Mr. D. T. Hunt
and Mr. Allard, and the house was made a heavy wholesale, as well
as retail, establishment. Finding their room inadequate to accom-
modate their business, they removed in 1869 to 100 and 102 State St.,
corner of Mumford, the firm being Allard, Kenyon & Hunt. Mr.
Allard soon after this retired, and the firm became Kenyon & Hunt,
which style was continued until 1879, when Mr. Hunt retired, and
the firm became R. S. Kenyon & Co.

Again finding themselves cramped for room, in the fall of 1883 they
leased the store at 140 East Main street (next door to Sibley, Lind-
say & Curr's), where every facility for carrying on an immense busi-
ness was found. Mr. Kenyon, for many years during this co-part-
nership, was also a member of the firm of Kenyon, Chase & Co.,
heavy fur and robe collectors in the Northwest, whose transactions
amounted to the millions One of the partners was Mr. Durfee, who
had fourteen trading posts on the upper Missouri river and its trib-
utaries, and two in the Indian Territory at the same time. Another
of the partners was Mr. Chase, a Quaker, who had an appointment
as Government Inspector of Indian Agencies. Thus it will be seen
that this i^reat western house was an auxiliary of the home house of
which it was made a tender.

Mr Kenyon makes frequent trips to Europe, from which point he
gets most of his experienced help in the fur business. The firm im-
port all their foreign furs, and their orders for seal at present have
grown to that proportion that the sum mentioned to us as this year's
importation seems almost fabulous for a city the size of Rochester.
They also have the exclusive agency of several of the best foreign
houses, who make a specialty of Stylish Wraps and Fur Goods.

This house also enjoys the heaviest trade in Hats of any house in
Western New York. In Ladies' Furs they are known to be the
leaders By handling goods in such immense quantities of course
their prices cannot but be the lowest. The firm are to be con-
gratulated upon their high standing in the community.

Establii^lied 1831.

HENRY S HEBARD,

MANDFACTUKER AND DEAT^ER IN

Coal Grates and Fenders, Brass Open Fireplaces, Brass Fenders, And-
irons, Brass Fire Sets and Coal Hods, Brass and White Wire
Spark Screens, Gas Logs, ard all Articles pertaining to

Open Fires

TIL IE

From all the Principal Manufactories in Europe and America, for Floors, Hearths, and every

Style of Interior Decoration.

MARBLE V/ORK,

Floors, Wainscoting, etc. Plumbers' Slabs, fiadiator Tops. Soap Stone Wash Trays and
Sinks, Jardiniers, in Eiuhossed Brass and Earthenware, Window Gardens, etc., etc. Japanese
Folding Screens, Brass Fire Screen Stands.

The most Complete Assortment of Household Art Goods in my line in Western New York.

Mantel and Grate Store, Monumental Marble and Granite Works,

71 STATE ST. 122 S. ST. PAUL ST.

The Mantel and Grate Store now on State street will probably be removed about August Ist
to the factory on South St. Paul street.

Established 1861.

GIBBONS & STONE,

MANUFACTURERS OF

-^UPRIGHT t SND i SQUJIRE i PlffiNOS^"

■AND-

GENERAL MUSIC DEALERS AND PUBLISHERS,

Sole Agents for Wagner and Ilallett & Cumston Pianos, the Celebrated Estey and Sterling
Organs, and other Leading Makes of Pianos and Organs.

Warerooms, 110 East Main Street, I
Factory, 4 and 6 Hill Street, \

ROCHESTER, N. Y.

^E. o c s: E s T E I?, ;

PRICE,

^3-50.

Mrs. Parker has given a felicitous title to her book. It is, indeed, a hi.storical stoiy— romantic in its in
cidents and fasoinating in its details. Mrs. Parker has made out of the material which she has industri-
ously Kathered, a story wliich is picturesque in treatment, lirilliant in coloring and sparkling in style. The
narrative moves from begliniing to end with vigor and grace, and once entered upon the interest neither
falters nor flags. Mrs. Parker is certainly to be congratulated cordially upon the fidelity of her researches
and the skill with which she has constructed her story— a story none the less entertaining, because it is
ti"ue.— [Rochester Democrat and Chronicle, June 8, 1884.

ScRANTOM, WeTMORE & Co., PUBLISHERS,

ROCHESTER, N. Y.

n..iiititto<llni«lih4iiiniimiitimnn

™ll

j j Kj^jK^^^f Kr^.^ . w ^ ^n ^ m w -

i i

Nl!A«^r<!!f^iira!

4 * '

k--

DORAN & THOMPSON,

BANKERS AND BROKERS,
I and 2 Powers' Block, Rochester, N.Y.

DEALERS IN

STOCKS, BONDS,

GRAIN, PROVISIONS,

AND PETROLEUM.

DEPOSITS RECEIVED.

C. J.HAYDEN&CO.,

— MANUFACTUEEKS AND

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN

FURNITURE,

Nos, 264, 266, 268, 270 and 272 State Street,

c, uvv, uuv.

IN 1842 Mr. C. J. Hayden started in the furniture business at No.
G Front street, coming here from Pompey, Onondaga county,
N. T. Soon after he removed to State street, buying out H. S.
Packard, the oldest furniture manufacturer in Rochester, whose store
stood on the present site of the Mouroe County Savings bank. Mr.
Hayden remained there until 1856, and then removed to store 101 and
103 State street, opposite the old American Hotel. In that year he
bought out Gideon Leavenworth, manufacturer of chairs at the lower
Genesee Falls, adding that manufacture to his furniture factory, which
was then located on Mill street. In the same year he formed a co-part-
nership with P. M. Bromley, under the firm name of C. J. Hayden &
Co., continuing until 18G1, when he bought out Mr. Bromley. The
firm has since that time continued to be C. J. Hayden & Co.

In 1870 Mr. Hayden bought the property bounded by State.
Furnace and Mill Sts., where the present large establishment is located.
The firm ai-e by far the oldest and lai'gest manufacturers in Central and
Western New York, emj^loying 300 hands and upward. The business
is conducted in the most vigorous and thorough manner. C J. Hay-
den & Co. endeavor to merit the patronage of all who wish to purchase
first-class goods at the lowest prices.

^^"

WM. S. KIMBALL &. CO.'S

CLOTH OF GOLD

-AND-

FRAGRANT VANITY FAIR

CIGARETTES,

MILD AND ABSOLUTELY PURE.

PEERLESS AND PLAIN

THE FAVORITES FOR FORTY YEARS.

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