4J^ OUTLINE OF DEPARTMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA OUTLINE OF DEPARTMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA 0. of D, MAR 8 1918 ^ Inquiries have been so numerous from all sections of the country for further information concerning the activities of the Committee of Public Safety for the Commonwealth of Penn- sylvania that it has been found necessary to reprint the "Outline of Departmental Activi- ties," issued in August, 1917, with appropriate revision to make it contemporaneous with the Committee's work. PENNSYLVANIA COMMISSION OF PUBLIC SAFETY AND DEFENSE Hon. Martin G. Brumbaugh, Chairman Hon. Frank B. McClain, Secretary-Treasurer Hon. Harmon M. Kephart Hon. Charles A. Snyder Adj. Gen'l Frank D. Beary COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY for the COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA Headquarters 7th Floor, Finance Building Philadelphia, Pa. February 28, 1918. ROSTER George Wharton Pepper, Chairman Lewis E. Beitler, Secretary Effingham B. Morris, Treasurer Lewis S. Sadler, Executive Manager EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE E. M. C. Africa A. W. Mellon W. W. Atterbury Allen P. Perley A. C. Dinkey James Scarlett Spencer C. Gilbert A. W. Sewall H, J. Hayden E. T. Stotesbury J. R. McAllister Colonel L. A. Watres Mrs. J. Willis Martin DEPARTMENTAL HEADS General Committee Finance Arthur E. Newbold, Director Publicity J. Benjamin Dimmick, Director Ernest L. Tustin, Director Speakers' Bureau Henry B. Hodge, Chairman Four Minute Men Legislation Honorable Frank Gunnison, Director 5 Allied Bodies Dr. S. B. McCormick, Director Medicine, Sanitation and Hospitals Dr. Hobart a. Hare, Acting Director Charlton Yarnall, Vice-Director Civic Relief Colonel Louis J. Kolb, Director Dr. Samuel McC. Hamill, Vice-Director Food Supply Howard Heinz, Director J. S. Crutchfield, Vice-Director W. F. Therkildson, Vice-Director Thomas Shallcross, Vice-Director Materials B. Dawson Coleman, Director Plants George S. Davison, Director Motors and Motor Trucks David S. Ludlum, Director J. Howard Reber, Vice-Director Civilian Service and Labor Edgar C. Felton, Director J. C. Frazee, Vice-Director Military Service T. DeWitt Cuyler, Director Naval Service E. Walter Clark, Director David Newhall, Vice-Director Guards, Police and Inspection Lieut. Col. John C. Groome, U. S. A., Director William S. Ellis, Acting Director Railroads, Electric Railroads, Highways and Waterzuays Samuel Rea, Director Agnew T. Dice. Vice-Director Thomas E. Mitten, Vice-Director Moorhead C. Kennedy, Vice-Director 6 COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY FOR THE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA In active service the Committee of Public Safety for the Common- wealth of Pennsylvania has taken rank as one of the best constructed and most efficient of the State bodies created to be war auxiliaries of the United States Government. Official Washington has expressed its commendation by adopting the Committee as the sole medium through which is carried out practically all of the national policies so far as they apply to Pennsylvania. That the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania reposes similar confidence in the war-emergency undertakings as planned and conducted is con- tinually expressed by succeeding appropriations to the committee, the most recent of which amounted to $312,000. To list the successes of the Committee would be to review practically all of the noteworthy war-time achievements of the State. In every one of them it has participated either as the inspiration or as the directing force. Co-ordinated, concentrated effort has been the working policy, and so smoothly have the activities proceeded that many remarkable results such as exceptional food crop returns, record-breaking army and n:ivy recruiting, conservation and war service registration, and wide- spread adaptation of industrial and other conditions to the changes pro- duced by a state of war, have appeared to be almost spontaneous. The Committee was created in March, 1917, by appointment of the Governor of the State. It adopted a working plan which concentrates activities in five divisions comprising seventeen separate departments, all under compact, central executive control. The Committee's work of rendering effective State aid to the nation's war effort is financed through a legislative appropriation of $2,000,000. Supervision of all expenditures out of this State fund is vested in the Pennsylvania Commission of Public Safety and Defense, composed of the five highest officers of the State — the Governor, the Lieutenant-Governor, the State Treasurer, the Auditor- General and the Adjutant-General. The Governor is chairman of this Commission. Major divisions under which the Committee conducts its activities are : Administration, which includes Departments of Finance. Publicity, Legislation, and Allied Bodies ; Relief, including Departments of Medi- cine. Sanitation and Hospitals, and Civic Relief ; Equipment and Supplies, with Departments of Food Supply, Materials, Plants, and Motors and Motor Trucks ; Service, with Departments of Civilian Service and Labor, Military Service, Naval Service, and Guards, Police and Inspection ; and Division of Transportation, with Departments of Railroads, Electric Railways and Motors, and Highways and Waterways. The Committee, therefore, has a working scope covering practically every field of useful endeavor. Being the only body possessing State authority to mobilize and con- serve all resources essential to the prosecution of the Avar, it obtained the willingly granted right to assimilate operations of many useful estab- lished organizations and institutions. As necessity demanded these have been incorporated almost wholly or in part into the general work as here- after described. Activities of official State departments essential to the efficiency of the Committee's program are at its command. The Com- mittee thus stands as the one body in Pennsylvania with organization and authority for carrying out its great and vital work. It represents a concentration of effort not paralleled at any other time in Pennsyl- vania's history and probably unexcelled by any other State mobilization of potential resources. There are 70 sub-divisions of the Committee in the 67 counties of the State. These sub-committees are duplicates, in organization and working scope, of the main Committee. Each sub-committee has one salaried officer — an executive secretary — who is responsible for stimu- lation of effort in his county, for keeping his committee fully informed of the State-wide work in hand, and also for keeping headquarters fully acquainted with the activities of his particular committee. Including the membership of the county units, the Committee of Public Safety is the largest public organization ever created in Penn- sylvania. Its roster includes 15,000 of the most prominent and influen- tial civilians of the State, whose services are given voluntarily, as required, to help the nation win the war. DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE The duties of the Department of Finance obviously call for no extended explanation. All requisitioins for expenditures approved by the Executive Committee of the Committee of Public Safety must of course be finally passed upon by the Commission of Public Safety and Defense of the Commonwealth created by the Legislature; and all ac- counts of the Committee of Public Safety for Pennsylvania, as an agent of the Commission, must be audited by the Auditor-General of Penn- sylvania as required by the organic law of the Commonwealth. It is the fixed policy of the Commission of Public Safety and Defense of the Commonwealth to safeguard the amount appropriated by the Legislature in every way against the demands that may arise in the course of the arduous task which lies ahead of the country in this war, which cannot be estimated at present, but which undoubtedly will be of unprecedented magnitude. The strictest economy has, therefore, been observed by both the Commission of Public Safety and Defense of the Commonwealth and the Committee of Public Safety in confining expenditures to general purposes of public safety and defense. Up to the present time approxi- mately $215,000 of the $2,000,000 which was appropriated by the General Assembly has been spent for all the work accomplished by the Commit- tee of Public Safety for Pennsylvania as outlined in the activities of its various departments herein set forth. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLICITY Assuming its duties coincident with the organization of the Com- mittee, the Department of Publicity has closely adhered to its designated work of interpreting to the public the Committee's plans and operations, and the carrying out of educational propaganda. The work is divided, first, into news service and correlated publicity ; secondly, speaking activities. The speaking division or Speakers' Bureau is affiliated with the national speaking service under the direction of the Committee on Public Information, Washington, D. C, and by its incor- poration into the Committee of Public Safety illustrates how Federal activities function through the Committee. In the conduct of speaking activities all of the speakers are enrolled as Four Minute Men. The Speakers' Bureau takes charge of all arrange- ments for meetings, supplying the halls, motor transportation for speakers, the direction of patriotic choruses and similar details, but the speakers are furnished from the Four Minute Men. The Four Minute Men, as the name implies, are limited to short, intensive addresses when they speak in theatres and moving picture houses on topics specially assigned from Washington. The activities of the Four Minute Men are now familiar to and well understood by the public in Pennsylvania. As illustrative of the service given by this division it may be stated that in Philadelphia county 160 speakers were active in promoting the sale of the second Liberty Loan. They addressed 1,250,000 persons at seventy-one theatres and 116 other meeting places, making in all 1279 speeches. The Committee estimates that bond sales directly following the speeches totaled $10,000,000, and the sales indirectly resulting therefrom must have reached a much higher figure. The work in Philadelphia county is typical of county effort throughout the State. On the other hand, when addressing meetings organized by the Speakers' Bureau they are not limited in point of time and their activities are of a general character. Principal aims in this speaking are the coun- teracting of seditious influences and the keeping of the fundamental issues of the war clearly before the public. Because of recognized accomplishment in war emergency work the Committee of Public Safety was requested by the Council of National Defense, Washington, D. C, to organize the first state division of this anti-sedition service. Within one month from the time the Committee was requested to undertake the work the service was organized, and its members and other Public Safety delegates participated in a conference at Phila- delphia on December 17 and 18, 1917. This conference was of national importance, and formally introduced the anti-sedition speaking movement to the country at large. It was addressed by Honorable William C. McAdoo, Secretary of the Treasury, and other prominent persons. The procedure so favorably impressed the Federal officials with the capability of the Committee to handle big undertakings that they recommended it, in press interviews issued later at Washington, D. C, as a model to be copied by all of the states. A loyalty campaign was conducted in the State during the week of January 27, 1918. As an auxiliary of the speaking service there is a musical section, under a State Musical Director, which furnishes choruses, quartettes and soloists to lead patriotic singing at the meetings. Pennsylvania's speaking forces are acknowledged to be the most comprehensive and best organized division in the country. There are upwards of 2000 speakers enrolled in about 400 district units which comprise the service. The news service of the Department is fully developed and com- prehensive. The plan was adopted of making the service, so far as possible, the clearing house for all news relating to general Committee activities. There are, of course, well-known established avenues through which publicity is usually disseminated, and these have been regularly employed. Other methods of keeping the public informed have also been devised and utilized with good effect. It has been the function of the Department to keep in close touch with the details of all work in hand. Therefore it has been able to supply timely news announcements to the press and to enlist state-wide co-operation with the separate departments. It has also rendered occasional service in an advisory capacity to other departments. Several hundred separate news stories covering every phase of the Committee's undertakings have been furnished to the newspapers of the State. The Department has organized, through the generous co-operation of the publishers, a system whereby the columns of more than 500 news- papers are at the Committee's service to convey important announcements and facts to the public. This system has been of great value in promoting the activities of various departments, particularly the recruiting campaign of the Military Service Department, registration for the Civilian Service and Food Supply Departments, and also conservation efforts of the Food Depart- ment. News stories and appeals prepared and put out by the Publicity Department in connection with these activities alone were given news- paper space totaling thousands of columns. The assistance of the foreign language press has been enlisted, and is used from time to time in reaching the large foreign-born population of the State. Translations of Committee news announcements are issued at times in as many as five different languages for the use of these papers. The Department also issues the "Pennsylvania Bulletin," which exploits the more important activities of the Committee. The Department designs and issues posters and other literature, and has devised a method of securing prominent and widespread poster display. As an illustration of how posting is specialized, it may be stated that posters aiming to speed up the planting of non-perishable crops were, through the Department's efforts, strategically placed in two thou- sand country general stores throughout the State, as well as in road houses, creameries and other places frequented by farmers. The poster service includes thousands of drug stores and other high-class business houses in the State, which co-operate by displaying the Committee's posters in their windows. Regular bill posting service has, of course, been used when necessary. The Department is in contact with the publicity work of other State Committees. To its duties of keeping the public fully informed through the newspapers, and in other ways, it has added the duty of keeping the directing heads and state-wide subdivisions of the Committee completely in touch with the general activities. 10 DEPARTMENT OF LEGISLATION Duties defined for the Department of Legislation include, interalia, the framing of appropriate statutes to give effective force to policies or measures adopted by the Executive Committee ; also, their introduc- tion into and support before the Legislature. One of the bills which enlisted the Department's attention was the act of Assembly passed at the last session of the Legislature authorizing the creation of the Pennsylvania Home Defense Police. Undoubtedly special legislation will be required to meet exigencies which are likely to arise from time to time during the continuance of the war. When these situations develop it is the Department's function to devise methods to cope with them by legislative effort. DEPARTMENT OF ALLIED BODIES The announced function of the Department of Allied Bodies is to relate the activities of the Committee of Public Safety to those of organizations whose work is similarly aligned, including correspond- ing committees working under appointment in other States. Co-oper- ative contact has been established with all organized bodies in Pennsylvania. The Department has been divided into twelve sections, in charge of vice-directors, who guide the co-operative activities of the follow- ing societies, organizations and institutions ; patriotic orders and associations, of which there are 14 in the State, comprised of about 2500 separate units; religious bodies, including more than 11,000 churches and associations ; scientific and other learned societies, num- bering 17; fraternal orders, 30 in number, with more than 5300 units; agricultural departments and associations, of which there are 6, with about 2100 branches ; women's organizations, 16 in all, with about 400 sections ; labor organizations, including nearly 1900 locals ; firemen's, police and public officials' associations, with more than 1000 branches ; commercial and manufacturing associations, numbering 5, with 219 divisions ; professional associations, which total 37, with more than 200 branches; clubs, 1113 in number; and 46 universities and colleges. As a foundation for departmental effort it was necessary to list the component units of all of these organizations. This comprehen- sive listing, never before attempted, affords a means of conducting unusual co-operative work. The Department is summarizing the resources and service capacity of these various organizations, together with their co-operative work in hand and its territorial extent. A service bureau is featured, through which volunteers for war- emergency work are advised of the fields in which they may render most efficient service. THE DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, SANITATION AND HOSPITALS This Department was organized with a view to co-operating in its particular field with State and Federal activities, supplementing such co-operation by original effort where necessary. The Department's first effort was the compilation and indexing of data relating to every organization, institution and profession 11 coming within its alignment, whose capacity, operation and personnel could in any way be applied to the service of the State and nation in war-time. Among its special activities which attracted national attention was a campaign which the Department inaugurated for the conserva- tion of drugs, pharmaceutical supplies and biological products. The 6000 druggists of the State, also doctors, veterinarians and dentists, were solicited by the Department to pledge themselves to prevent waste of these products. Overstocking by stores of perishable sup- plies, such as anti-toxins and serums, was pronounced a form of waste, and was discouraged. Druggists were requested to educate the public in home conservation of drugs and remedies, and in this way much was done to insure against a drug shortage. The Department's cam- paign was endorsed by the American Manufacturers of Pharmaceu- tical and Biological Products at a recent convention in New York, who urged that similar action be taken in all States. Considerable effort was devoted to listing professional men for various branches of service. A particularly valuable roster was com- piled of dentists, veterinarians and pharmacists, who are willing to give special service in emergency. The information obtained includes the character and amount of service that each one will give. For instance, if the Government were to request a list of dentists willing to serve who can speak French, German, Hungarian, Russian and almost any other language, the Department can supply such a roster. It can also supply complete information about the equipment they possess and the amount of such equipment which would be placed at the disposal of the Government. This equipment includes hundreds of complete outfits, thousands of hand instruments, engines, cabinets and other necessary appliances. A similar list of pharmacists is possessed by the Department which includes many druggists who have large manufacturing facili- ties, which they are willing to apply to the country's needs. Some of them offer entire buildings for Government use, if necessary. The pharmacists include men who can speak almost all European languages. Complete information has been obtained relating to hospitals, homes and other institutions. Essential facts, such as the location, ownership, character and equipment of these institutions, and whether they are at the disposal of the Government, are on file. Institutions and buildings which might be used in emergencies as convalescent hospitals are indexed, and the Department, upon request, can inform the Government of the best location for reclama- tion, detention or hospital camps. This information includes such details as approximate size, topography, present condition of the sites, and transportation, light and power facilities in each case. Data has been compiled concerning sanitary conditions throughout the State. The Department has at its call specialists in nursing, sanitation and hygiene. Realizing that it was essential to insure a constant supply of medical officers for the army and navy as well as for the civilian popu- lation, in case of the war lasting a number of years, a Statewide 12 campaign was made to discourage medical and pre-medical students from enlisting prior to the draft. Similar action was taken in behalf of dental and veterinary students. All of these, except the pre-medical students, were ultimately permitted to enrol in the Enlisted Medical Reserve Corps, and thus were enabled to finish their courses in the institutions in which they are now registered. Sanitary camp sites were secured for a number of Pennsylvania military units prior to their departure for the permanent camps. The military camps throughout the State were inspected in the interest of improved policing and general sanitary conditions, cleanliness of the men, etc. ; the State Board of Health inspecting the water supply, sewage-disposal and other sanitary installation. The Department is in close co-operation with the State Depart- ment of Health, the administration of which, under the late Dr. Samuel G. Dixon, is so widely and favorably known. It also has service contact with a great number of organizations and institutions which enable it to apply a wide variety of effort in its particular field without duplication or overlapping of the work. The matter of establishing reclamation camps in Pennsylvania, and especially in Philadelphia, which is one of the large medical centers of the United States, has frequently been considered by the Committee, but action upon this matter has been deferred until the Government authorities decide upon a definite program. Among its early activities the Department evolved and manu- factured what was pronounced the best type of bandage roller on the market, which was supplied to hospitals and organizations for the production of large supplies of medical bandages. All hospitals in the State possessing sufficient clinical material to give competent instruction were encouraged to increase their facilities for increasing the number of pupils taking the regular three- year course for the thorough training of nurses. Some institutions added as many as twenty-five pupils to their normal enrollment. Young women were encouraged to enter the regular hospital training courses. The Department took an active part in promoting the creation of auxiliary forces of nurses to supplement trained staffs depleted by the war. This was accomplished largely by requesting hospitals throughout the State to offer special three months' courses in hospital work to women. These courses are given as an elementary training to provide a valuable auxiliary nursing force in case of emergency, those finishing such courses not to be considered as full-fledged nurses. The Department aided in securing proper housing facilities for soldiers and sailors temporarily or permanently stationed in or near Philadelphia. Under the direction of the Department arrangements were made with the Medical Corps of the United States Army whereby motion pictures of athletes were taken in Philadelphia for the study of physical movements with reference to military tactics and for the purpose of teaching soldiers correct marching, walking, running and jumping. The pictures also demonstrate wrong ways of going through certain exercises, and reveal the character of injuries and deformities 13 resulting therefrom. Several thousand feet of films were taken at the same time to illustrate various muscular exercises beneficial to dis- abled and wounded soldiers. Arrangements for these experiments were made and paraphernalia and athletes secured by the Secretary under the direction of the Department. Publicly announcing that it constituted "slacking" for physically unfit persons to ignore surgical attention which would enable them to become more productive workers, the Department advanced a new doctrine of efficiency. Rejected draftees were urged to consult their family physicians or nearby hospitals where competent medical and surgical advice and treatment could be secured for the purpose of having such defects remedied. This campaign was subsequently taken up by the national authorities and the State campaign discontinued. Close co-ordination between the Department and the Medical Division of the Pennsylvania Committee of the Council of National Defense has recently been arranged under mutually advantageous conditions. DEPARTMENT OF CIVIC RELIEF A comprehensive program anticipating contingencies that may be expected to develop in the conduct of war-time Civilian Relief has been formulated for this department. There are included measures necessary to deal with the social and moral problems incidental to a state of war. The co-operation of established social agencies is relied upon as part of the general effort. The Department has rendered valuable aid to humanitarian societies and associations through a special appeal made to the chari- table public, urging them not to overlook their customary contribu- tions in the stress of war-time conditions. More than 20,000 contribu- tors were reached by this appeal, and the response was much appreciated by the institutions which otherwise might have been seriously handicapped by the withdrawal of subscriptions. Philadelphia County has an active Civic Relief unit. Its sub- committees on Child Welfare and Recreation are doing unusually fine work. The Child Welfare Committee has within its field all that aflfects the well-being of children up to 16 years of age. The Committee recognized, however, that this field is too large to be covered effec- tively by a program of immediate action. It therefore decided upon the following as essentials: Health — Infants (up to 2 years); chil- dren up to school age ; children of school age ; dependency and delin- quency ; education and child labor. Dealing with each of these is a group of representatives of the agencies most concerned. Each group is represented on the Child Welfare Committee. The Committee as a whole is now concentrating its efforts on the reduction of infant morbidity and mortality, believing that this is the best starting point. It has listed the factors in infant mortality and is attacking each one. In this campaign the Committee is utilizing existing agencies and their trained workers by bringing them into effective co-operation. As the development of the work shows needs not met by existing 14 agencies, the fields of the latter will be extended, or volunteers work- ing under trained supervision will be employed by the Committee. The Sub-Committee on Recreation devises social activities, amuse- ments, and as much of the spirit of home life as is possible in such circumstances for enlisted men stationed in and about the city. A weekly bulletin is published, through which army and navy men are kept in touch with recreations and amusements regularly organized for their diversion. This bulletin at times lists as many as one hundred sources of entertainment, absolutely free to service men. Various organizations, clubs and fraternities co-operate in providing these entertainments. The Recreation Committee is continually on the lookout for new amusements, and aims to keep the men in contact with good moral influences. It has booths located at central points, which serve as information bureaus for men in the service. In many other ways it makes itself of great use to the large military and naval force here mobilized. Community organization to secure the co-operation and co-ordi- nation of existing associations in dealing with matters of public concern, such as Americanization of aliens, moral and religious condi- tions, etc., is being given consideration. DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SUPPLY The task assigned to this Department was that of awakening the people of the State to the seriousness of the world food situation and the institution of such measures as would enable Pennsylvania to contribute its share to the general relief. Organized too late in the season to permit any large accomplish- ment in the way of increased production in 1917, it was yet able to do much in securing the cultivation of unused land, the substitution of necessary vegetable crops for luxuries and co-operation in finding the additional man-power necessary to the speeding up of agriculture. Among the early activities was a campaign to enlist farmers in a movement to make good the wheat shortage by increased acreage of corn and other non-perishable crops ; also, to aid in the solution of the meat problem by increasing the holdings of live stock and the raising of more hogs and hens. Encouragement was given to home gardening through the use of educational posters and other literature, and expert instructors were detailed to the assistance of many communities in this direction. The subject of food conservation has received much attention from the outset, and among other educational methods employed an extensive campaign was undertaken in July and again renewed in the autumn to enlist the housewives of the State in the Hoover food- saving army by securing their enrollment on pledge cards and the later distribution of home direction cards. In this undertaking the Department's own working divisions were ably assisted by many outside organizations and associations, including police and fire departments, and particularly by various women's organizations throughout the State. The present registration of Pennsylvania women amounts to approximately one million, and more are being added daily. 15 Hotel and restaurant men have been induced to contribute volun- tary aid to the conservation cause by reducing menus, the partial elimination of such foods as are required in the prosecution of the war and the more extensive service of substitute cereals for wheat and of sea foods and vegetables. Community markets in cities and automobile roadside markets in rural districts have been established at numerous points throughout the State as a means of improving food distribution methods, and plans are in operation through an expert field force to extend these enterprises on a larger scale during the year of 1918. Assistance has also been given to farmers in connection with the marketing of some of the more important crops, like potatoes, and to consumers in the purchase of foodstuffs, by the use of daily bulletins in the public press calling attention to those seasonable edibles either short or plentiful and to the manner in which price-savings might be effected. Much attention was given during the summer and fall of 1917 to home instruction in preserving, canning and drying as a means to avoid the waste of perishable fruits and vegetables, which work was co-ordinated throughout with the activities of such permanent State organizations as the Department of Agriculture and the Farm Exten- sion Bureau and Home Economics divisions of State College. Supplementing this work, a demonstration train of three cars, especially loaned and fitted for the purpose by the Pennsylvania Rail- road, was operated over the Pennsylvania Railroad lines throughout the State for a period of six weeks. This train was equipped with a full crew of Home Economic experts, teaching food conservation under the joint auspices of the State Food Department, the United States Food Administration and State College. Extension field work for the teaching of home economy and methods of war-saving is still going on throughout the State. A State-wide movement was undertaken in the summer and fall of 1917 to obtain a material increase of the winter wheat and rye acreage and to secure a better yield of these important cereals and other crops through seed selection, the distribution of fertilizers at moderate cost and their more intelligent use, as well as by educational work in better farming methods in general. A constant effort is also maintained to stimulate greater production in the quick-maturing meats like hogs and sheep, and to bring about the largest possible increase in poultry flocks. In line with productive effort a campaign has been undertaken to feed Pennsylvania, so far as possible, with Pennsylvania-grown crops. This campaign is expected to be doubly effective. In addi- tion to stimulating increased production the aim is to eliminate unnecessary freight traffic imposed by the hauling of food supplies into the State which should be produced therein. Recently, at the inspiration of the Department, the Pennsylvania Potato Growers' Association was organized to bring together, for mutual co-operation and co-ordination of effort, all agencies interested in the production, transportation, distribution and utilization of pota- toes, and for promoting all phases of potato culture. 16 The work of the Department was given the highest Federal com- mendation at a Food Conference of Committee representatives, held in Philadelphia last September. This was the first war-time conference called by any State. It was attended by Federal Food Administrator Hoover, who acknowledged that Pennsylvania's food conservation, food producing efforts, and general Committee efficiency were unsurpassed elsewhere. The Department had at that time registered more housekeepers in the food-saving campaign than all of the other States of the Union combined. A second Food Conference has just adjourned. This conference was also held in Philadelphia and brought together all of the Depart- ment's county representatives, as well as representatives of the Fed- eral Food Administration, to speed up the necessary activities during- 1918. In addition to what has been done to meet emergencies as they arise, the Department has welded its component units into a complete organization prepared and equipped to give efficient results, and all the work of the State organization is now closely co-ordinated with that of the United States Food Administration. The Director of the Department is also the Federal Food Administrator for Pennsylvania. DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS As part of its work, the Department of Materials will undertake to determine with exactness the available resources of the State in minerals and in materials which enter into industrial processes. A comprehensive outline of the Department's working program is not presented at this time, nor is the Department in a state of activity, because the Council of National Defense, for reasons related to the conduct of its own activities, has requested delay in putting the plans into active operation. ». DEPARTMENT OF PLANTS A survey of the industrial capacity of the State's manufacturing establishments and co-ordination of their productive efforts fall within the working scope of the Department of Plants. Under the designation of plants is included, of course, all establishments whose output may be applied in any way to the prosecution of the war. The situation with reference to the work of this Department duplicates the status of the Department of Materials : Active opera- tions have been deferred at the suggestion of the Council of National Defense. DEPARTMENT OF MOTORS AND MOTOR TRUCKS The Department of Motors and Motor Trucks began its work by making an exhaustive inventory of the motor resources of the Com- monwealth, the object being to organize a comprehensive motor service available in meeting any and all emergencies. Many of the county divisions of the Department have worked out a program which will provide their respective districts with a motor service for transportation of policemen, soldiers, ammunition and material in case of riots or disturbances. The possibility of util- izing this service to supplement railroad facilities should the rail 17 service for any reason become inefficient has also been kept in view. Consideration has also been given to a motor service plan for the quick movement of crops during the harvest season. The inventory of motor vehicles includes a service registry of 25 per cent, of the pleasure cars. An inventory of drivers for volunteer service has also been made. The motor service plan includes an emergency division for active service day or night, with owners and drivers pledged to give immediate response to service calls. Counties have been given a free hand to perfect emergency motor service to suit their individual requirements. That the Department has an organization capable of coping with big emergency work was illustrated when the Second Field Artillery — a Philadelphia big-gun regiment — received orders to mobilize early last year. At short notice, through its Philadelphia Division, the Department supplied sixty motor trucks and transported 1300 artil- lerymen, batteries of heavy howitzers and a vast amount of stores and equipment from the armory in the center of the city to a mobilization camp>ten miles distant. The work was accomplished in a few hours, despite very unfavorable weather conditions, and without a single mishap, breakdown or delay. High appreciation was expressed by Colonel H. D. Turner, commanding the regiment. Another notable illustration of the Department's capacity to dispose of emergency calls was the work of the Chester Division during disturbances in that city. In response to a hurry call from the Mayor, the division put into service twenty-four motor vehicles, which were used to transport guards, police and State police. The service was so effective in assisting the authorities to keep disorder in check that its continuance was requested, and granted until the trouble had been suppressed. Many cars and trucks remained in service all night during the most violent periods of the outbreak. The great value of the service rendered was publicly acknowledged by Mayor McDowell. Motorists throughout the State have also been enlisted in an important war-time service. At the call of the Department the county units have undertaken to keep Pennsylvania's main highways open to traffic throughout the winter. Freeing of the highways from snow blockades has already been of value to the War Department. The first test run of a war-truck convoy from Detroit to an Atlantic port was successful, principally because of the Committee's work in pro- viding an unobstructed route. More than half of the journey lay through Pennsylvania. Very heavy snows preceded the arrival of the convoy and caused delays elsewhere, but Pennsylvania's roads were kept passable. In some places drifts eight feet high were cleared away. The route lay through eight Pennsylvania counties, in each one of which the local committees made every provision for the speed- ing of the convoy to its destination. The crews were housed and fed and the trucks were overhauled in accordance with a program pre- arranged by the Committee. Patriotic demonstrations were also a feature. The convoy maintained schedule time throughout its trip in the State, which was in strong contrast with the delays it encoun- tered on other portions of its journey. The War Department, in appreciation of the service rendered, warmly commended the Com- mittee's work in press announcements issued at Washington, D. C. 18 A second war-truck convoy passing through a different portion of the State, including Philadelphia, was enabled to cut down its running schedule more than one-half a day through the service ren- dered by the Department in providing accommodations and food for the operating crews at short notice and furnishing pilots over the best and most direct line of travel. In this instance the driver of each truck was given a printed route guide, prepared by the Department, to insure against delays through drivers losing their way. DEPARTMENT OF CIVILIAN SERVICE AND LABOR The working plan adopted for the Department of Civilian Service and Labor gives it supervision over all matters pertaining to the study and control of labor problems. In this Department is again illustrated the close co-ordination of State and Federal effort. The Director of the Department is also United States Director of Employment for Pennsylvania, thus insur- ing against friction or duplication of effort. He is also Federal Examiner for the Delaware Valley Shipbuilding industry with power of recom- mendation to the Board of Mediation. To cope with the various problems of the Department's work six superintendencies were created, controlling four separate bureaus and two divisions, these being placed in charge of experts. The bureaus are Labor Relations, Organization, Instruction and Employment. Apart from the bureaus are the two divisions which supervise the work of industrial reserves of men and boys, and also of women. The duties defined for these several bureaus and divisions are as follows : Bureau of Labor. — This Bureau is handling all problems arising in connection with alien labor, and also questions of conciliation and mediation between employer and employe. Bureau of Organization. — The duty of this Bureau is the creation of working reserves and the incidental compilation of records and information. It also systematizes official relationships and new activi- ties as they are undertaken. Bureau of Instruction. — This Bureau organizes the methods of instruction and training designed to increase labor efficiency. It also supervises the employment of minors enrolled in the United States Boys' Working Reserve. It is entrusted with the work of providing recreational facilities, and also of promoting the physical training, where necessary, to prepare prospective workers for various forms of arduous employments. Bureau of Employment. — To this Bureau is assigned the duty of organizing and supervising local employment offices throughout the State which serve as clearing houses for industrial needs. All Federal and State employment offices in Pennsylvania are conducted under the jurisdiction of the Department. The State has been divided into six employment zones, with a central office in each zone. Branch offices are also in operation, making a total of seventeen now co-ordi- nating their work. In this work the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry has joined forces with the Committee, and the co-operative labor offices represent the National Government, the State and the Committee of Public Safety in adjusting labor supplies to industrial requirements. 19 Under the zone system each zone superintendent keeps in touch with the labor needs of his district and endeavors to meet all calls for workers with the reserves of his particular zone. Should they not supply sufficient labor, adjoining zones are asked for assistance, and, if necessary, the entire State system may be called upon to make good the shortage. The Superintendent of Employment of the State Department of Labor is also superintendent of the co-operative labor offices, and has a clearing house at Harrisburg through which he is kept in direct touch with the industrial needs of all of the zones. Through this service almost 12,000 workers were placed in positions during January, 1918. Approximately 50 per cent, of the placements were skilled workers for manufacturing plants, especially those producing war munitions ; 30 per cent, of the placements were unskilled workers and 15 per cent, were office workers. Only 2400 placements were made in the entire State during September, 1917, before the co-operative employment system had been put into general operation. Many large industrial establishments, especially shipyards, have been obtaining a very large proportion of their workers through these offices. Three shipyards have representatives stationed at the Phila- delphia office to recruit workers applying for employment there, and other large plants have signified their intention of adopting this plan. Contact is established with 2000 industrial firms through a system of "Works Correspondents." These correspondents were appointed by the various concerns at the request of the Department, and keep it in touch with their labor needs. The county units of the Department also keep headquarters posted on industrial conditions through labor surveys which are made from time to time. Agricultural needs are reported by county farm agents, and they accept requests for farm labor for transmission to the various local employment offices. In one of the zones emergency farm labor was supplied through the superintendent's efforts in organizing working groups of business men, who hired themselves out to farmers on Sundays for a number of weeks and were of great service in harvesting the crops. On one occasion about 300 business men were thus engaged. The United States Department of Agriculture has appointed a farm help specialist to devise methods of supplying farmers with adequate labor during the coming year, and this specialist is making his headquarters with the Department and utilizing its facilities to promote his work. An enrollment of boys in the United States Boys* Working Reserve was effected during the summer of 1917 by the Bureau of Organization. Many of these boys were placed in service in agricul- tural sections and their work was of considerable value in relieving a farm labor crisis. Plans are now under way greatly to increase this enrollment. The organization of a comprehensive system of farm camps, under the auspices of this reserve, is now in hand, $50,000 having been provided for this purpose. Agricultural training will be given at the camps, and it is hoped that the utilization of "boy power" will accomplish much toward the solution of the agricultural problem during the coming season. 20 The urgent need of supplying agricultural labor has been recognized by the creation of a new section of the Department, a section on Agricul- tural Labor Service. Through this section agricultural labor service committees are being organized in the various counties and county and district managers of farm labor are being appointed. It is the special function of each county manager for farm labor to act as agricultural exchange agent in his county, to co-operate with the Federal and State employment service already in operation and with the Farm Agents now serving officially; to obtain detailed particulars of the needs of farmers for labor and to handle the placement of such labor as may be available. Drives will be conducted by the U. S. Public Service Reserve, the U. S. Boys' Working Reserve and the Pennsylvania Division, Women's Committee, Council of National Defense, to supply emergency workers for farm service in addition to the regular placements. Likewise, a program calling for a heavy general enrollment of men in the United States Public Service Reserve is being made effective. Re- serve enrollment offices are being operated in a great many counties, and special eflforts have been made to enrol mechanics of all classes for emergency service. The Reserve has recruited several hundred motor mechanics for service in the aviation section of the United States Army Signal Corps. In co-operation with the Pennsylvania Division, Women's Com- mittee, Council of National Defense, the Department made a State- wide effort resulting in the enrollment of many thousands of women for patriotic service. Plans for utilizing the labor reserve thus created are being framed by the superintendent of the division for women. In effecting this large enrollment of women thousands of posters and hundreds of thousands of cards, leaflets and other publicity material were issued. Registration centers were opened in cities and counties, and the assistance of all women's organizations was enlisted. Exceptionally notable results were obtained in many sections. In Allegheny County, for example, the registration of women was conducted at the polling places, a day being set apart and the work being undertaken on the principle of handling an election. The Pennsylvania Division, Women's Committee, Council of National Defense, which had charge of the enrollment, is closely affiliated with the Committee of Public Safety and co-ordinates its activities thereto. As further evidence of Federal reliance in the ability of the Department to handle any or all work incidental to the promotion of industrial efficiency, the United States Department of Labor recently appointed the Civilian Service Department's Vice-Director as chair- man of a Pennsylvania Committee on Industrial Training for War Emergency. This Committee has had conferences with many large employers of labor, and is devising methods of industrial training suitable for introduction into various industries. DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY SERVICE The primary duty outlined for this Department in the General Committee's plan was co-operation with the Federal Government in the creation of the National Army. In this work the Department 21 took an active part until the Government assumed entire control of all phases of the military service. Registration of eligibles for the selective draft brought into play the services of the Department soon after the Committee of Public Safety was organized. Recruiting efforts to bring the regular army and the National Guard up to full strength provided another oppor- tunity for service. In both instances the Department's work is conceded to have contributed very largely to the remarkable registra- tion and recruiting standards set by Pennsylvania. An analysis of the national recruiting figures discloses that Pennsylvania leads all States in the number of men enlisting in the regular army. In registration for selective service the State practically made a 100 per cent, return of eligibles. Registration work was conducted along these lines : Directors of registration were named in the various counties and were placed in charge of the preliminary campaign to insure registration of all eligibles. Daily instructions issued from headquarters were carried out effectively by the county units. Twenty-five thousand copies of a three-color poster, 250,000 handbills, thousands of warning bulletins and other forms of publicity were employed to keep the day and date of registration before the public. It was at the request of this Department that the Postmaster General permitted free delivery of registration literature by rural mail- carriers, a concession which was of immense benefit to registration work throughout the United States. In many of the counties advance lists of known eligibles were prepared and other precautionary measures were taken to prevent registration delinquency. In many counties the registration workers either directly provided motor transportation or induced firms and organizations to provide such transportation as a means to speed up the enrollment of men within the prescribed age limit for military service. Recruiting of the Guard and regular army was aided by a care- fully planned campaign. Every form of publicity was employed, including the issuance of 70,000 recruiting posters and 200,000 leaflets adapted to the particular recruiting use of various Guard regiments. The newspapers loyally supported the effort by the publication of daily news stories. A special two-column Guard recruiting story, prepared for the Department, appeared in a great majority of the 600 newspapers of the State. Philadelphia regiments in need of special assistance were aided by the posting throughout the city of 24-sheet posters and by the placing of correspondingly large signs on the armories. Motor service was also supplied for their recruiting forces. The assistance given to the Guard was highly praised by the various regimental commanders in letters to the Director of the Department. Naturally, the method prescribed by law for bringing the National Armies up to designated war strength superseded the other forms of recruiting activity, and in consequence such services were not required of the Department after the draft system became effective. Should, however, it be called upon for any effort of a military character it is possessed of an effective State organization which is capable of con- tinued usefulness. 22 It has now taken up the request of the British War Commission for assistance in inducing subjects of Great Britain and Canada located in the United States to enlist. In this connection the atten- tion of employers of allied alien labor must be called to the importance of bringing to the notice of such employes the need of their responding to their country's call. The call to the colors reached the Department itself, and General Avery D. Andrews, its former Director, entered the service in France as Colonel of Engineers, U. S. A. DEPARTMENT OF NAVAL SERVICE Recruiting for the Navy, the Naval Militia and the Naval Coast Defense Reserve, and the creation of auxiliary defense fleets, are the principal lines along which the activities of this Department were and are being concentrated. A naval recruiting campaign was undertaken soon after the organization of the Department which resulted in fully 5000 men being enrolled by June 15th last. This by no means represents the extent to which the recruiting efforts could have been carried, as owing to lack of naval housing facilities in this district the Depart- ment was practically forced temporarily to suspend its recruiting work. Indications were that 25,000 men would have been enrolled by a continuance of the campaign. At one time there were seventy enrollment stations open for the distribution of recruiting literature and information. Recruiting trips were made up and down the Delaware River, securing a large number of men. Ten thousand window cards, 60,000 booklets and many thousand leaflets were used in the publicity effort. After several thousand men had been enrolled in the reserve, the need of a camp for housing and training the recruits became apparent, and the Department secured a desirable site near Cape May at a nominal rental of $1 for the duration of the war, which has been equipped to accommodate 2000 men. The work of arranging for all the necessary camp facilities was handled by the Department. Through its efforts an expensive railroad siding was constructed by the Reading without cost to the Government. Some of the other achievements were the listing of boats in the district available for coast defense work, some of which were subse- quently taken over by the navy as mine sweepers. The co-operation of tugboat owners and the proffer of a number of these boats for naval service were also obtained. Assistance was given to naval training classes of the University of Pennsylvania in drill work. Largely as a result of the Department's activities the city made a generous appropriation to improve sanitary conditions in and around League Island Navy Yard by the abatement of the fly and mosquito nuisance. Also as a result of its work additional barracks at the Navy Yard to house 5000 men was provided. The organization is in contact with similar departments in other States and is prepared for a continuance of activities as occasion demands. 23 DEPARTMENT OF GUARDS, POLICE AND INSPECTION Providing for an auxiliary police service to supplement existing forces was designated as one of the principal aims of this Department. The Governor's signature, on July 18, 1917, to an act of Assembly giving the necessary authority for the creation of a Home Defense Police force, permitted enrollment to begin, but circumstances over which the Department had no control served to impede the work. At the present time, however, twenty-three counties possess Defense Police units, with a total enrollment of 4400 men. Members of the De- fense Police are duly commissioned and sworn in, and have all the powers of policemen of first-class cities. The county plan of organization follows the headquarters and platoon system, headquarters being centrally located and platoons strategically placed to cover the designated territory and for rapid concentration in case the entire county forces are needed for service in any particular section. Enrollment includes owners of motor vehicles, who provide emergency transportation. In enrolling members, fitness is first passed upon in the local units and is subject to approval of the Director of the Department. Members are separately commissioned by the Governor and invested with this specific authority : To prevent injury and destruction to the various industries of the Commonwealth by enemies' acts ; to suppress riots and tumults ; to preserve public peace and safety ; and to arrest upon view, without warrant, any person apprehended in the commission of any ofTense against the laws of the State or of the United States. The official insignia are an arm band and a badge. The arm band is worn only when its owner is on active duty, and the badge is worn visibly at such times. Members, however, keep their badges with them at all times as evidence of their authority to make arrests should they witness violation of the statutes when off duty. The arm band bears the coat of arms of Pennsylvania. Police equipment includes a "billy" and a whistle. Insignia and equipment are furnished without cost to the police by the Committee of Public Safety. Under the plan of organization county forces are separate from those of the larger cities. Philadelphia and Pittsburgh have control of their own Defense Police independent of the general State system, bu.t all other Defense Police come under authority of this Department. Chiefs of police are in command in cities, township officers in first-class townships and authorized county officials have control else- where. Men of military, naval or police experience have been given preference in the appointment of officers. Members are, of course, officially enrolled for local service only, but as the force is on a volunteer basis they may volunteer for tem- porary service in any part of the State should occasion require the mobilization of special forces to handle an extraordinary situation. Competent drill masters are giving military instruction and drill in riot, fire and other police duties. County headquarters report direct to the Philadelphia headquarters of the Department, thus keeping the Director informed of local operations and enabling him to supervise mobilization movements and direct efforts in case of necessity. The 24 enrollment is open to men between the ages of 21 and 60 years who, from various causes, may be ineligible for regular military service. The organizer of the force, Lieutenant Colonel John C. Groome, who also organized and commands the famous Pennsylvania State Police, has recently been commissioned to his present rank in the Signal Corps, U. S. A. DEPARTMENT OF RAILROADS In the creation of the Department of Railroads it was recognized that the railroad problem during war-time is primarily of national concern, and that State activity should be merged with Federal effort. Naturally, the Department formulated plans and proceeded with its work as an integral unit of the greater national system of railroads. The recent action of the Government in assuming entire control and direction of the roads has, of course, supplanted all other operating activities and has relieved all State committees of the necessity of giving special attention to the subject of railroad service. It may not be inappropriate to state that the Director of this Department was one of the group of railroad presidents into whose control was submitted the management for war purposes of the entire railroad mileage of the country before a Federal director was named. His expert knowledge and guidance are still relied upon to assist the Government in exercising its control and operations of the national railroads. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRIC RAILWAYS AND MOTORS The importance of electric railways as war auxiliaries of the steam roads is obvious, hence the organization of a separate depart- ment^to co-orfjinate the operations of the State-wide electric systems and to arrange for service contact between the steam and electric roads in case of necessity. The possibilities of electric motor transportation are of wide range, particularly the capacity of the electric roads to take care of traffic essential only to the business of the State, leaving the railroads free to assume a greater share of Government transportation. Ways and means of meeting the present problems are being analyzed and considered. In this connection it is well to remember that the electric railways of the State, in common with all steam and electric railway carriers of the country, have been suddenly confronted with a super-normal demand upon their facilities at a time when the scarcity in the labor market and the delays in the delivery of materials have made impossible the immediate securing of additional equipment or even the full maintenance of usual standards in the repair and operation of the present facilities. At this time also the United States Government and the State Fuel Administration are imposing upon public utilities the strictest conservation of coal, and recommend curtailment of the schedules and heating regulations wherever there is wastage that can be prevented. But the electric railway interests of Pennsylvania are keenly alive to the situation and may be relied upon to do their full share in meet- ing the particular problems in transportation falling upon them because of the national crisis. 25 DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAYS AND WATERWAYS The Department of Highways and Waterways was created to inquire into the availability of rivers, canals and highways of Pennsyl- vania as transportation resources ; to give consideration to their util- ization and, to the solution of problems arising therefrom, and in par- ticular to give careful study to the condition of roads throughout the State. As there are official State organizations and departments charged with direct responsibility for the construction, maintenance and con- trol of these arteries of traffic, many phases of the Department's work are limited to co-operative effort. In this connection it has found opportunity to render service of immediate benefit to several districts and also of general benefit in the State-wide plan of improved trans- portation facilities. Partly as a result of the Department's efforts the State Highway Commission repaired the road from Johnstown to the Lincoln High- way, a distance of eighteen miles. Similar development of other high- ways was effected. Other activities of the Department include consideration of legis- lation for general road improvement. The Department is in close working contact with the Department of Motors and Motor Trucks, and their activities are merged to prevent overlapping of efforts where activities of both Departments relate to highway matters. It is pre- pared to act in an advisory or supervisory capacity where improve- ments are planned or undertaken. The facilities for transportation furnished by the State waterways are extensive and varied, and their co-ordination with rail facilities re- quires much detailed study. It is part of the Department's program to as- sist in disposing of such problems of co-ordination. Survey of the water- ways is necessary to furnish a comprehensive report upon physical features, capacity of movement, possible methods of providing con- nections to link up a useful network of water routes and essential data relating thereto. The Department, however, has not undertaken such a survey for the reason that such effort would duplicate the work of the Commitee on Inland Water Transportation appointed by the Council of National Defense. It is, however, the Department's aim to lend every aid to that Committee and to assist the Federal inquiry into the subject which has been ordered bv Director General McAdoo. 26 Finance ^^ > Publicity K) Legislation OJ -t 3 O '^ 3 Allied Bodies -»>' Medicine, Sanitation and Hospitals ^ Civic Relief '^ Food Supply ^ Materials °° Plants ^ Motors and Motor Trucks *=* Civilian Service and Labor ^ Military Service <^ Naval Service Zl Guards, Police and Inspection •*>• O O 5.< o •5 X o G H < o o H O H Z o o o > H O »3d 11 w > 25 o o H H W W o 2 f o CO > W H Railroads Electric Railways and Motors Highways and Waterways IT.O O "^ 27 Address of HERBERT C. HOOVER toth* FOOD CONFERENCE DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SUPPLY Committee of Public Safety for the Commonwealth of Pemisylvania "Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: Early in the month of June, when I was asked to undertake this particular task, I and the men whom I assembled around me at the moment, made a short survey of the situation by way of organization throughout the United States. We came early to the State of Pennsylvania in our wanderings, and after making a short study of the organization of the State, we determined that if we could annex the Committee of Public Safety to the Food Ad- ministration, we wouldhave no further anxiety as to Pennsylvania, and also that we had settled the question of organization for ten per cent, of the people of the United States. "We were in no uncertain mind as to that because of the character of the organization and the way it was built. We were confident that it was safe and sane and would carrj' the message, and carry out the work; so I come here today with the assumption that you have been annexed to the Food Administration. "You have been doi"" ""--vi Administration for the ' '■' ••'•Admini'^*' 28 PENNA. SAFETY BOARD DOING BIG WORK, SAYS M'ADOO 'An Organization of Remarkable Thoroness,' Secretary Declares; Defense Delegate Calls It Model for Other States special Dispsfch to Tht S'ortli .iiMcrkan ■WASHINGTON', Dec. 22— "Pennsyl- vania's committee, of public safety is doing a tremendous woiU in the mobi- lization of the state's resources for tha war. It is an organization ot remark- able thoroness and cfflciencj". It Is doing big things in a big way." ThlB was the word brouglit back to Washington by Secretary McAdoo, who attended the conference of the commit- tee of public safety In PliUadelphla this week. Other representatives ot the gov- ernment at the conferences warmly praised the committee as a war agency. Arthur K. Eestor, who represented the council of national defense, said today: "After a nationwide survey and first- hand Information tliat I have obtained by direct contact witli many war emerg- ency bodies, 1 am glad to say that there is not In the United States, in my opinion, a more compact and efficient organization for the conduct of the war activities than the Pennsylvania com- mittee of public safety. "If we could duplicate In every state the organization of the Pennsylvania committee for carrying on patriotic edu- cation, we should soon mobilize public opinion, combat traitorous propaganda *nd thereby find muoh easier the solu- tion of many problems involving na- tional co-ordination ' and enthusiastic popular 3upi>*rt. X have just returned from Philadel- phia, where I participated in the con- ferenres of public safely committee delegates from the sixty-seven counties of Pennsylvania. It was beyond ques- tion the most Impressive showing ot ef- ficient organization for the purposes] for which the national and state de-^ tense councils were created that I have' encountered. ' . "The inauguration at the Union. League of the speakers' bureau against- seditious Influences resulte^ in one of-- the most remarkable sessions it has been my privilege to attend. The re- ception accorded to Secretary McAdoo revealed a splendul unanimity of pur- pose In Pennsylvania, irrespective ot party, creed or social standing. "In speed and thoroness of it* ori ganlzatloij of a speakers' division to co-operate with our national speakexa'- bureau, , the" Pennsylvanl-a commlttoo has rhade a new. record. Its speakers* conference demonstrated that the mojh- bers of that division have a correct perception of the task ahead of them, tliat they have the machinery to under- take it and the guidance to carry it to success. "The- Pennsylvania organization Im- pressed me with its splendid efflciency both in its collective membership and its leadef^a and-Indlyldual members. It l^as scope and plan of action, which could profitably be copied by all of tJio . states." 29 PATRIOTISM MARKED' ROUTE OF WAR TRUCKS Government Officials Praise Efficient Work of Penn- sylvania Comniittefe TKILIIPHAL PEOGRESS Br LOUIS W STRAltR, Staff Corrrapondent CMclal Prom The Dispatch Bureau] WASHINGTON, D C, Jan &-ATilb inly ^ f 3W days elapsing since Secretary McAdoo' and other high ofiScials of the Government congratulated the Pennsyl- vania-^'omjnittee of Public Safety upon !l8 ability to ensed free iiospitality. WTien-the test run ■ was scheduled the Quartermaster General's Department through the Council of National Defense, notifi&d the defense committees of the States in which the route lay to make, alj necessary preparations to insure a.n unimpeded 'run. The route traversed' eight Pennsylvania . counties, beginning at ■ a poiiit midway on the Ohio boun- dary ' and passes sotkheasterly across twojthirdfl the length of the State. The Pentisylvania Public Safety Committed' instructed, its local units in these couiv, ties to prepare a clear right-of-ivay ft* thb • conV'ad ?>ee'ti «e*: cnred and were in reewliness to help the trtick* on- icy grades, from which' snow Vttd ■ been removed by the local commit- tee. High school boys and bther voluii/- teers bad assisted in opening a passage through exceptionally- heavy - drifts. Guards were placed at all railroad cross- ing to .prevent accidents such as Jjad resulted in the demolition of a truck ar^ the killing of a chauffeur in the lun aitoss 'Obio. Stf-am "whistles tooted wel- come and people turned out all along the line to cheer the convoy. MeilB were supplied by the county Red Cross unit. t'pon teaching . Allegheny County on schedule time a bugle corps'- of Boy Scchjts met the train and it wa.« es- corted along^ a- deoorated route. Pitts- buTR officials in motor cars also joined irr tife' line of jwirade. The trucks were parked ;in a re<)uisitioned building and pireH mechanical attention. Crews were hOMed- and - fe