3i X ORATION H<'\. ClIARLKS H. BARFLirrr OP MANCHESTKK. N H DEDIO^TIOISr Soldiers' Mom!a\hnt AMHERST, N. H., JUNE 19. 1 890. MANCIILS i ER I'k I N I K I> r. V I i> M N l: . 1 I r. <, IN BXCHAt^CB ORATION. J/r. President, L<^-f'^'-< "-/ Cnt.'.w.i: The historian •>! itus • rnv: uM.;y ^i .i-i.i.ucu township, in the opening - >i his opening chapter, informs the student of oU; hist'or)' that the town of Amherst had its origin in a grant of land made by the General Court of Massachusetts to certain citizens of that province for servi 'red in the Narragansett war of 1675-76. This d. . . n alone, without the promptings of further suggestion, might naturally prepare our minds to look for and expect a marked development of the mar- tial spirit in the descendants of such an ancestr>-. reared in this atmosphere and ' • their sustenance from this soil, which was first a to the approach of civiliza- tion by the footfall of the citizen soldier. And it would seem to require but little stretch of poetic fancy, or oratorical license, to say that the god of war stood godfather at the cradle of the little infant democracy, ncd upon the western border of that narrow belt of sparsely inhabited country, then extending along the Atlan- tic coast, and, as if to make the military impression i>erpet- iial and ineradicable, conferred upon it, at the baptismal font, the name of the most conspicuous military character then associated with the colonies, that of the commander- in-chief of the British forces of North America, — a name which it has borne and honored for more than a century, and a name which is never spoken by son or daughter, however widely roaming, but with true filial pride and affection. But however prominent or conspicuous the military ele- ment may appear in the inception, it must not be inferred or understood that the moral or intellectual welfare of the people was overlooked or even subordinated, for we find that in the sub-division of this grant, one lot was assigned to the first settled minister, one lot to the ministry, and one to that great American institution, the common school. So far, then, as the art of war entered into the habits of the pioneer settlers, it was an art cultivated and practiced for defencive purposes only, to give protection in the field and security at the fireside against assaults that were never tempered with mercy nor conducted by the rules of civil- ized warfare, against a foe who recognized no non-combat- ants, who respected not defenceless womanhood, the inno- cence of childhood, or the helplessness of the couch of sickness and pain, a foe who came not with drum beat and banners waving, but skulking in ambush, or like a thief at night, under cover of its darkness. So much of the knowledge of the art of war, so much of skill and accomplishment in its practice as would enable them to cope with this cunning and relentless foe, was a necessity of their existence. Undisturbed and unmolested, the busy Kand seized the implements of husbandry and 5 plictl ihcm with tireless energy ; but in the presence of peril and danger it j;rasped the trusty musket with a courage that never fallcretl and a spirit that sought no alternative save victory or death. It may not be wholly inappropriate before proceeding to the consideration of the subject which is more especially the theme of the hour, to pause a moment at this milestone in the histor)' of this ;^rand old township and conlci; and briefly review the Amherst of the past, and espc of the early time with reference to the history of this gov- ernment and country, for how can I more appropriately present to you the men whom we especially honor to day than by first presenting to you their ancestry as history has photographetl them to us ? To do this intelligently we must first of all remember that Amherst was one of the first born of the children of the Province and State of New Hampshire, that she attaineen defiance in thcf •■ •• ■>»' kingly jxiwer. Among those true and daring men, as brave as the brav- est, as powerful as the strongest, and second in ardor and 'tism to none, the only representative from the prov- if New Hampshire, so far as authentic history or tradition informs us, was Thompson Maxwell of Amherst. Later on he fought at Lexington and Concord before en- listment, but found an opportunity to enroll himself and ve the ap|Kiintment of lieutenant before the next col- It wouKl seem to violate all sense of justice on occasion when the valor of Amherst's sons is the theme of the hour, not to mention the name of Thompson Maxwell The p.itM"tisiu <>i AtulllI^i m i.ii i.imous era was not of the slumbering, dormant order. It needed no drum- beat, no bugle blast, no booming gun of war to arouse her to action, and no sooner was the war cloud seen to lift its sable crest above the eastern horizon than one third of all her |>opulation. capable of bearing arms, were on the march to Cambridge. Wherever engaged they lost no time in searching for beaten paths but always beat down new ones that led straight up to the enemy's front. More than seventy .\niherst men fought the British foe in the r.,.i. ,..,t..,,Kt. ,1 Hunker Hill ; more than half a hundred. under the immortal Stark, aided in beating back the invad- ers at Bennington, while on other fields, wherever New Hampshire troops were engaged, her sons were found in force and everywhere distinguished themselves for the highest soldierly qualities. Her roll of three hundred, who went forth from her hill- sides and valleys ready and eager to sacrifice their all for liberty and independence, constitutes a galaxy of heroes unsurpassed in historic record. Their fame may not be so widely celebrated in song and eulogy as the immortal three hundred Spartans, who, under Leonidas, disputed the pass of Thermopylae against the Persian host on the Maliac coast, but their patriotism was no less ardent, their courage as unflinching unto death as theirs of ancient re- nown. I have dwelt thus much at length upon the historical features of your town, because as I looked into the record and ran my eye over its pages so illumined with grand and heroic achievements, it seemed to me that I could not pass over in silence this glorious and distinguished past without injustice to those to whose memory this column is to-day dedicated. Glorious, indeed, it is, in the light of their own achieve- ments, but from the open page of history, which tells the story of ancestral valor, sacrifice, and worth, there comes a ray of golden light to encircle and illuminate it with a halo of glory, which the mist of a century has not dimmed, and the mists of other centuries cannot dissipate. When I have said that the noble dead whose memory to-day this vast throng is assembled to honor, were the descendants of such an ancestry and that they were worthy of them, praise, so far as it can be formulated in human speech, reaches its climax and eulogy is exhausted. More indeed may be said, phrases may be multiplied, but nothing; they add. From such an ancestry who but pa- triots and heroes could come ? While the spirit of liberty is thus transmitted from sire to son, the fires u|>on her altars can never become extinguished. In the war of the great Rebellion, upon which our thoughts arc more jiarticularly centered to-r cannot be sp--:.. k„ap. s.i. ks II their fun" r enemies. loving, respectful trih ute and memorial to them all. '' ' master has said that monuments and eulogy 1 ' ' 'I. May we not antici|>ate that other h.i .- ;y this memorial work to a more logical and natural finish, and when all of Amherst's sons who bore their part in the great war which this monument commem- orates, have joined the .idvance-guard who have gone be- fore, then should they not : ' m its now ' " -•■i\ faces other tablets of bron. "ing all the - names upon the honored roll, so that in its perl- e to the four points of the compass it will unfold the names of all alike who dcser\*e the imperishable record .> Into 12 the care and keeping of the youth of Amherst, who will behold that day, I commit this thought. Not one jot or tittle would we abate from the full meas- ure of the glory of those who fell and perished in the struggle ; yet it is but just to those survivors who passed the same ordeal, the same exposure, to say that it takes the same soldierly qualities to face death upon the battle- field that it does to suffer it. Whether the soldier falls or survives is the mere accident of fortune, and we should not meet the full requirements of the occasion did we not say to the members of the Charles H. Phelps Post of the G. A. R., whom a kind Providence has permitted to join in these solemn and impressive ceremonies, to all her sons who have come from far and near to join in this tribute to their fallen comrades, that Amherst remembers to-day that you all stood in battle array where those men fell as ready to join the ranks of the fallen as to fight on with the survivors. There was a mingling of philosophy and grim humor in the remark of the brave Irish soldier who was stricken to •insensibility on the battle-field, but who, on recovering consciousness, said to the faithful chaplain who was ten- derly bending over him : " Sir, it is hard luck to suffer the agonies of death, and then be robbed by a minister of the glory of dying in battle." We remember the fallen when and where they fell and our imaginations canopy the spot with a halo of undying glory ; but we are not so apt to remember that those who fought by their side courted the track of the deadly missile as bravely and as serenely as they whose fate it was to en- counter it on its death-dealins: mission. 13 It was the good fortune of our New Hampshire troops lu Ik- wisely nfficcrci. will led ; so that the essentials of succcsstul milil.ir) ti|>ci.au>ns, — wise direction, unquestion- ing obedience, and prompt and effective execution, happily harmonized in their experiences in the field, and it will offend no officer, whatever his rank in the ser\*ice, when I say that the officers were no less fortunate in the soldiers they had the honor to comman wears the while plume and rides the cajxir- isoned charger ; but the sober, solemn work of war is done by the brave and hardy soldier who shoulders his musket from a sense of duty, fights for the right "as God gives him to see the ri;;ht." hi;* ' — ■ ■! seeks only the reward which ctmio fmrn the > ^ of duty done. More |)articularly was this the case In the war of the late Rebellion, where the whole mass of soldiery sprang as in a day from c\v\\ and |>eaceful pursuits, with hardly a man among them who had been trained in the profession of arms or sought the tented field from force of habit or (Kcupation. In no armies that ever contended for liberty or na- tionality in any other part of the globe, did the private soldier stand for so much, represent so much, embody so much in his individuality, as did the soldiers of the loyal armies in that war. In intelligence in personal character an« in the attributes of accomplished manhood, the wi... world never matchetl him in the annals of war. It is easy to see why this was so. The ranks were filled from the same sources from which they were officered. They came from every profession ; from col- leges and seminaries of learning ; from banks, counting rooms, shops, mills, farms ; from every intellectual call- ing and every branch and line of industry. In the fact that he felt himself fit to command, the soldier saw no impediment to his serving in the ranks. To strike a blow for his country, to strike it effectu- ally and well, was his absorbing thought and ambition. If he found that opportunity in the ranks, he was content and so fought on to the end. Our armies graduated soldiers enough at the close of the war, fit to command, to officer all the armies on earth and officer them well. We find to-day in Congress, in the executive chairs of state, in judicial and official stations of every grade, men who went into the war with the musket upon the shoulder, and laid down the same weapon at its close ; not because they did not deserve promotion, not because they were not fitted for other duty of an apparently higher grade, but because they had found the place where the country needed them ; where they could do good work, effective work ; and with that they were content. A regimental officer, whose command was famed for gallant conduct, on being asked to name men from his ranks for promotion, proudly responded : " If I should pro- mote all of my men who deserve it, I should have a regi- ment of officers with not a private in it." What wonder that such an army proved itself invincible and all-conquering ? What end could come to such a struggle save that at Appomattox ? The theorists who said that the annals of histor)- furnished no precedent for the ion of a rebellion of such ^ij^antic pro|K)rtions, ' d the fact that no other nation ever had such an army for the enforcement of its authority. Never before on the face of the earth was there such a concentration of hi;^!) intellet' nd inflexible purpose, so marshaled, ( ' ' itetl, :>.M..inivd by the unityir > •• ' ,,f military An army indeetl it was, . „ its battles with its feet upt^n the earth ; but it was no less mobilized magazines of thought, ideas, and patriotic impulse, sowing iixt ' "o ann New Hampshire's roll of her brave and gallant de- fenders. Their living presence here to-day forbids the words of compliment which will yet be spoken by more eloquent lips than mine when opportunity is fitting, which soon enough must come. On this occasion we are also exceptionally honored by the presence of the survivors of that regiment which contained in its ranks so large a pro- portion of the Amherst soldiers, and which was so largely recruited from this county. Their most welcome presence enhances the interest, broadens and deepens the signifi- cance of the occasion, and gives stronger impulse to the patriotic ardor and sentiment which it is so well calculated to inspire. Their presence here as an organization, a quarter of a century after their muster out and disbandment, proves the oneness of purpose which actuated them, and how deep and lasting are the friendships, born of long and close association, under circumstances of the greatest peril and danger. Such conditions develop the highest and noblest qualities of the human soul, and create a brotherhood that never loosens its grasp till touched by the cold finger that awaits us all. There is no chain which so binds men together as that whose links are welded in the white heat of battle. If anything was wanting to show the perfect amalgama- tion of our foreign born with native American citizenship, the Tenth furnished it. If anything was wanting to show- that in assuming that high duty our foreign born embraced the full measure of patriotic sentiment and devotion to the fortunes of their adopted country, the Tenth supplied it. If anything was lacking to prove that they were ready to defend her honor and uphold her authority by every sac- rifice, even unto death, with all the ardor, impetuosity, and enthusiasm characteristic of their race, the Tenth removed »7 the lingering doubt when she left her dead nearer the stone wall on St. Mar>-c's Heights than any other regiment !h It foii_^ht on the bloody field of Fredericksburg. .Suic !jy side, under the banner of the gallant Tenth, the native aniW foreign barade rest " on the other shore for tlie c«»ming of von it, it will not only proclaim through brazen lips, sixraking mightily though voiceless, the gospel of liberty, of loyalty, and of |)atriot- ism to coming generations, but it will ever bear most con- '• ive testimony to the generosity and jxitrioiism of its iers. It will tell not only that those men gave up their lives for their country and its institutions, but it will declare also that you for whom this supreme sacrifice was made were worthy of it. And when all ♦' •■ '- • i in its erection are folded upon the { n all who out of their substance contribute shall have struck their tents and passc<: |) and down the face of the ■ one whu bnn: hii> part in the war of the great U. it shall remain among the living, this beautiful work will still stand and tell to other generations the stor)' of ancestral glory and achievement, and inspire in other hearts the same heroic courage and lofty patriotism it so grandly celebrates. LIBRW^ OF COSS TeS" "997" 57 • ( ( oMmrfltton RcMurcc* l.lf-Kre«* T\p*I »4. a C RiifT*rMl LIBRARY OF CONGRESS illllliliil 013 997 257 ^