.^WVU-'V^'^,^. ■ LIBRARY OF CONGRESS/. * UMTED STATES OF AMERICA i€^Mi^^^^^^^5^^y^^ ;J,V«'-^J-W»i ^iiil^*^^^^ ''^g»««,W'*'y,^,y ;*'«yM;;,.;wX'V\JVwyv l^i|ip«^ll9P^^: ^^Hs^^Qi^^^j^'^^^^^i ;w^^jy:vu>vvo^ ;:\;^\j\juv.' ■■v^^U'J^^WM^ ^^>-?^rw' i.,j#isi; j^v ..^00^^ w^uvuwHJ^^^^^^^W ; r.y '^ii UwU iVi i/,.--^ :v':3\j><^ouv rwmSSm!K*\^. Digitized by the Internet Arciiive in 2011 witin funding from Tine Library of Congress littp://www.arcliive.org/details/patternmakingmacOOricli PATTERN-MAKING MANUFACTURED BY MMiiiit iiiiti i lliilf t ATLANTIC WORKS, \<. y,, nj Philadelphia, j x#^ 0^^ ■ %i WAY e^B SHOPS, B0©K YAllS AHl (SENEEAi WOOD MANUPJi©= Till. M.m, 11.1© SJ.MIM© MACHINERY QF ALL KINDS. COPYRIGHTED, Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1873, by Richards, London & Kelley, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. GILLIN, M'GUIGAN & WHITE, STEAM - PR I NT., PHI LAD ^-^7^/ INTRODUCTORY. THE success that has attended our efforts to introduce a special class of machines for railway car making, together with the progress made in wood manufacture b}' 'special' machines both in this country and abroad, has convinced us that it is only by especial adaption that a class of machines can give the best and most profitable result. With this view, it is proposed to introduce a uew set of machinery for pattern-making, arranged mainly upon new and original designs, adapted especi- ally to the peculiar rec^uirements of pattern shops. Hitherto, pattern sliops have, as a rule, been supplied with machines intended for, and adapted to joiner work ; in some cases too heavy, in others too light, and in nearly all cases, wanting adaptation to the nature of the work. The Atlantic Works was founded in 1869 for the manufacture of machines especially directed to railway car manufacturing, and Band Sawing Machinery. There had been to this time but one class of wood-cutting machines, arranged especially for cabinet work and joinery, yet applied to all purposes, including heavy work, while in England and elsewhere, wood-working machines were, in most cases, adapted to the special requirements of the work to which they were to be api:>lied ; machines for working framing being much stronger, and dif- ferently constructed from those intended for the lighter kinds of work. Designs were prepared without any reference to the precedents furnished by other builders. The proportions and fitting were based upon the functions of the machines alone; the framing, gearing, shafts, bolts, belts and other details were adapted to the strains, and the conditions of their operation, so far as a long experience could determine. All " ingenious" complications were avoided, no small screws, springs or other details known as " traps," were used. Screws were all turned, the heads and threads made to conform t(j a regular system ; bored and turned fits were made to standard sizes, and wearing surfaces " scraped" to a perfect bearing. Spindles were made of steel, with bearings of brass. Wheels and pulleys were fastened with steel keys instead of set screws. Details that were subject to wear were case-hardened instead of polished. The success that has attended the business and the machines during the five years past, has proved that the merits of good fitting and careful designs and proportions, are fully appreciated by those who have purchased them. The pattern machines, although lighter, and much less expensive than car builders machines; will be fitted with all possible care, and it is trusted will find favor and approval from the numerous establishments interested in machines of this class. RICHARDS, LONDON & KELLEY. MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. T0 PllOHJISllS. Countershafts, pulleys aud hangers, are furnished in all eases where the ar- rangement of the Machines require them. A set of wrenches, and such belts as run on pulleys fixed in and forming parts of the Machine, are furnished, and are included in the prices given. All Machines are delivered at the works. Boxing and hauling will be charged to the purchaser at cost. Pattern machinery being inexpensive, and . sold at a low profit, the terms are cash upon delivery at the works. For special Machines arranged to order, one- half the price will be required in advance. 4 This circular is intended to convey all the information requii-ed of the stan- dard machines for pattern-making that are illustrated ; the engravings being true elevations, can be measured for general dimensions from the scale marked beneath. Orders for Machines should refer to the page on which the Machine is shown. Car Builders Machinery, Pattern-Makers' Machinery and Band Sawing Ma- chinery, being each a separate class, persons sending for circulars or engravings, should in all cases, designate the class Machinery of which information is wanted. Foreign orders must be accompanied by cash or negotiable bills on New York or Philadelphia houses. Special instructions as to shipping, insuring and packing, should be given when machines are ordered from abroad. Communications and inquiries should be addressed to Richards, London dr Kelley, 22d and Arch streets, Philadelphia, Penna. MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. PATTERNS FOR CASTINGS. AMONG the elements that make up the cost of machinery and other works in iron, there is no one so indefinite, or that calls for more careful con- sideration, than patterns for castings, Not only is the cost of patterns an indefinite matter because of the greater or less cost at which they may be made, but because of their actual value depending upon the number of times that they are used. The material, labor, drawings and even general expenses, may with some exact- ness, be estimated in ascertaining the cost of machinery, but patterns remain an uncertainty. Next after the drawings and designs, the preparation of patterns is that pro- cess that requires the greatest skill to insure economy. Moulding, forging and finishing, are performed under rules and a system that is tolerably constant, but pattern-making cannot be governed by rules, nor patterns be constructed upon any general system, neither as to the plans of making tliem, nor their cost. There is at this time, no branch in wood-work in which machinery is employed so little as in pattern-making. A lathe is of course indispensable, and for the larger class of patterns, saws and planing machines are commonly used, but in most cases, these and other machines used by pattern-makers, are ordinary joiners' machines, and not adapted to the purpose in a manner that allows the greatest advantages to be derived from them. Pattern-making is in many respects, totally different from other kinds of wood- work ; there is no duplication, there is indeed, seldom two things alike; the work is constantly changing, and the machine processes are also continually changed. On planing machines and saws for instance, throughout the whole course of a day, perhaps no two operations will be the same, and the machines to effect a saving of labor, must be especially arranged to admit of rapid and con- tinual adjustment, must operate with accuracy, and be so constructed that they require but little care to keep them in order. Machines in a pattern-shop must be used in common ; each pattern-maker pre- fers to do his own sawing, planing and turning, and Machines that might render good service when in charge of a regular operator, soon fail in a pattern-shop. The saving that may be effected by the use of machinery in pattern-making, is very great if we contrast hand-work with Machines that are properly adapted to the work ; not only is the actual saving of labor so great a consideration as to make the cost of Machines a small matter in most establishments, but the work- men perform relatively much more work when they have Machines to assist them. ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. The different operations of sawing, planing, turning, and so on, will be noticed in connection with the Machines directed to these purposes, what is explained will in this way be more easily understood. The machines illustrated and described, have been especially arranged for pat- tern shops ; made as light as possible so as to be suitable for upper floors ; and as cheaply as possible, to insure their durability and good performance. The number and character of Machines that may be profitably employed in a pattern-shop, is dependent in a great measure, upon the quantity of work that is performed ; sometimes three Machines are as many as are required ; in other cases seven or more can be used to advantage. When inquiries are addressed to the manufacturers the number of worl I PHILADELPHIA J ■iiliiii w ^.^ %i*^..>. STANDARD SLITTING SAW BENCH. Machines of this kind are so well understood that nothing need be explained of their uses. A plain slitting-bench, if not required in the pattern-room of a machine shop, is generally indispensable for flask making, and as an adjunct to the machine tools for cutting blocks, boxing hiinber and other purposes. The Machine illustrated above is constructed with an iron frame planed true on top, and provided either with a plain or a bevel gauge, or both as may be required, and in either case, may be instantly removed when cross cutting is to be done. The gauges adjust to the line of the saw-plate, and are rigidly held by a guide planed in across the top of the machine, that offers no obstruc- tion to the lumber in passing over it. The Machine illustrated, receives saws to 24 inches in diameter. The spindle is of steel with brass bearings. A countershaft is included with each machine, also, one saw 20 inches in diameter, that may be used either for slitting or cross cutting. A machine of a larger size to receive saws to 36 inches in diameter, constructed on the same plan, is furnished when required. For prices, see accompanying list. Speed of the countershaft 750 revolutions a minute. Size of driving pulleys 12 in. diam. 6 in. face. Weight of the Machine, 1300 lbs. MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. BLOCKING AND CROPPING SAW BENCHES, FOR PATTERN-MAKING. During the past ten years, a large number of special Saw benches for accu- rate work have gone into use in pattern shops, and have in all cases, met the expectation of those who have purchased them. The value of these machines, and the saving that they may effect is hot, as many suppose, dependent upon the number of different operations that may be performed on the machines, but is strictly dependeut upon the facility luith which the different operations can be 2)erformed. In the first place, a workman will not use a machine to perform any operation, when such a machine must first be adjusted and changed, so that the time consumed will equal that in which he could have done the same work by hand ; but if a work- man can go to a Saw bench and almost instantly cut a piece to size without having first to hunt up and adjust some detached part, or change from a slitting to a cross cutting saw, he will always prefer to use the machine and save as much tipie as possible. With this idea in view, the machine illustrated on the opposite page has been prepared. One saw can be used in general for cross-cutting and slitting, which, if properly filed with the teeth slightly j)ointed, answers for both purposes quite as well as two saws, and saves the time and trouble of changing the saws on the spindle, or adjusting one saw down and another up. When the machine is to be used for a considerable time in slitting or cross cutting, saws regularly fitted for the different purposes may be used, but as before said, an experiment with a single saw will soon convince any one that it is useless to exchange from one saw to another in the ordinary work of a pattern shop. Circular Saws for jobbing in pattern shops, require to adjust vertically so as to project more or less through the top of the table, not only to cut rebates or grooves, but so that the work may be done as much as possible at the periphery of tiie saw, that is, as far from the spindle as the thickness of the wood and the diameter of the saw will allow. This vertical adjustment should be as near as possible at a right angle with the top of the table; otherwise the slitting gauge will have to extend past the saw blade and be too long, a serious objection that applies to most saw gauges in use. The slitting gauge on these Blocking Saws, slides upon the front edge of the table, on the plan invented by Professor Willis, more than forty years ago, and one of the best that has ever been devised for short gauges, as it avoids all trans- verse grooves or slots in the top of the table. The gauges both for cross cutting and slitting, can be either removed or adjusted instantly, so that no loss of time need occur from different workmen usina; the same machine. ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. Scale, BLOCKING AND CROPPING SAW, FOR PATTERN SHOPS. This machine is arranged on an iron column occupying but little more than two feet square upon the floor, and is adapted for both cross cutting and slitting. The top is of iron, 30 by 40 inches, planed true, and pivoted on the column so as to be thrown back if necessary. Iron gauges for both slitting and cross cutting are provided, and so arranged as to be instantly removed or changed. The cross cutting gauge adjusts to angles of 30° or less. The slitting gauge is also pivoted so as to be set to the line of the saw. The saw spindle is of steel with brass bearings, and is adjusted up or down by the wrench seen on top. The machine receives saws to 16 inches in diameter, and is provided with a countershaft, pulleys hangers, one saw and the necessary wrenches. For prices, see accompanying list. Speedof the countershaft, 800 revolutions a minute. Size of the driving pulleys, 10 in. in diam , 4 in. face. 10 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN- MAKING. BAND SAWING MACHINES. Tliese machines have proved to be so valuable in pattern shops, that but few establishments of any size are now without them. It is sometimes hard to see beforehand the various pui-poses that a Band Saw may serve, but when once erected they are continually in use, even when there are a ^uU set of sawing machines besides. The reason is no doubt the adaptability of Band saws and to the fact that various kinds of sawing can be performed without changing or adjusting. There are various kinds of sawing, such as cutting out ' cants,' for bevel wheel patterns and similar curved work that no other machine can perform so rapidly or so well as a Band Saw ; there is, besides, a large amount of sawing to be done in pattern shops that may be called 'irregular,' where the lumber has to be mainly supported by the hands of the operator, that the Band Saw alone will do. For the smaller class of pattern shops where but a few men are employed, a Band Saw machine can be used for nearly all the sawing that is required, if the machines are properly ai-ranged for cutting straight and bevel lines as- well as curves. Except for curved or irregular lines, the sawing cannot of course be so rapidly nor so accurately performed as upon machines prepared especially for the purpose, yet, the saving over hand labor is very great. The engraving on the opposite page represents a medium size Band Sawing Machine arranged for pattern shops, to be used alone or in connection with other machines. Machines of both larger and smaller sizes are furnished, but the one siiown ( No. 2,) has met with the most favor for pattern work. The larger sizes are fitted with a "Willis" gauge and a. pivoted table, the same as the one in the engraving, but the smaller sizes have fixed tables. A special circular relating to Band Sawing Machines for sawing lumber and other general purposes is furnished upon application. With Band Sawing Machines as with others used in pattern shops, the service to be derived from them, is dependent upon their adjustability, the convenience with which they may be stopped and started, and how quicklj' the guides can be set for lumber of various thicknesses, and so on ; details that need attention in purchasing a machine for use in pattern-shops. ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 11 PATENTED June Tth, 1870, June 28th, 1870, April 25th, 1871, May 9th, 1871. BAND SAWING MACHINE, FOR PATTERN SHOPS. The frames are cast in one piece, suificiently heavy to prevent any deflection of the guides by straining the Saw. The shafts are steel, with brass bearings. The pulleys and wheels are fastened with steel splines. These Machines have wrought iron wheels, 40 in. in diameter, with wooden rims. The tension device is arranged with a spring, to compensate for the con- traction and expansion of the blade. The top wheel is hung on a pivoted bearing, to regulate the path of tlie Saw and the back thrust against the guides. The table is of iron, planed true and pivoted for bevel sawing. Each Machine is fitted with a " Willis" gauge for slitting, pivoted so as to be set to the line of the saw. The guide-stem is balanced, to prevent accident by its falling, and to secure convenience in adjustment. Each Machine is furnished with one saw, of any designated width, a set of wrenches, belt shifter, scarfing frame, wrought iron tongs, and silver solder for joining the blades. For prices, see accompanying list. 12 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. JIG SAWING MACHINES. For all sweep sawing where Band Saws can be employed, they are of course to be preferred to Jig Saws, not only because of their more rapid and accurate performance of the work, but to avoid the jar, vibration and derangement that is common to all reciprocating machinery, especially Jig Saws. This last considera- tion applies especially in the case of pattern-shop machinery, which as a rule, is placed upon upper floors. For perforated sawing however, when a considerable amount of this kind of work is to be done, a Jig Saw is indispensable, and most of the larger establish- ments require such machines in addition to Band saws and Circular saws. To meet this requirement in pattern shops, the machine illustrated on the opposite page has been prepared, and is so arranged as to avoid as far as possible, the objections that have been pointed out. Instead of constructing the framing as light as possible, it is made heavy to absorb the vibration, the machine when complete, weighing 750 to 800 pounds. The reciprocating parts are made as light as possible to insure durability and strength. By employing a spring tension for the saw blades, the machine is separated into two parts, giving a clear space for turning the lumber, an arrangement that is often indispensable in cutting in the middle of large pieces. The top work, including adjustable shoes for diagonal braces is sent out ready for erecting. The tension springs shown in the engraving do not correspond to tlie manner in which they are now made, this part of the machines being in most cases modified to suit the speed of the machines or the nature of the work to be performed. In erecting Jig sawing machines, there should be as much solidity as possible secured in the foundation, and for pattern-making there is no object in driving them at the high rate of speed that is attempted in joiner and cabinet shops, where the amount of sawing that can be done is the first object considered. In pattern shops, adjustability, steadiness and true cutting, are more important than speed, and durability and strength to withstand irregular and general use by different men, is first to be considered. The specifications on the opposite page will explain the general construction of the machines manufactured by the advertisers. ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 13 PATTERN MAKERS' JIG SAW. The machine is of iron, the top planed true, and pivoted for sawing bevels to give the draught on patterns. The crank shaft is of steel with a conical Schiele bearing at the front, adjusted by the nuts on the end of the shaft. A friction break-treadle is provided, so that the saw may be instantly stopped. The sliding stock has a long planed bearing on the front of the column, and is provided with packing boxes for oiling. The top guides are arranged to adjust vertically for saws of different lengths, and pivoted to regulate the amount of rake in the saw. Each machine is furnished with a rotaiy fan, a forked gauge, and a back support for narrow saws, a set of wrenches and six saws. For prices, see accompanying list. 14 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. PLANING MACHINERY, FOR PATTERN-MAKING. Traverse planing machines, or 'Daniels' planers/ as they are generally called, are the only planing machines now used in pattern shops ; and considering the char- acter of the planing and the limited extent to which machines are used except in planing planks or boards, it is safe to assume that the subject of planing has not received much attention from pattern makers and machinists. As a rule, the greater share of the planing now performed on travei'se planing machines in pattern shops, can be as well, and more cheaply done at lumber mills before the stuff is taken to the pattern shop. In fact, it often costs more to carry out the shavings and " clean up," than the planing would cost, to say nothing of the inconvenience and danger of fire from the accumulated shavings. Large machines while they are in many cases required in pattern shops, are entirely unsuited for what may be called jobbing, and the workmen prefer to do most of the planing by hand, rather than to adjust and start a large machine. The means of clamping the lumber and adjusting the feeding mechanism, of the ordinary traverse planing macliines, are not what is required for a great share of the work in pattern-making. A planing machine to be serviceable in a pattern shop, should be one that will plane large or small pieces with equal facility, one that can in an instant be changed to suit any piece that is to be planed. Power feeding mechanism is only in the way, and never required for jobbing ; even on large machines the workmen often use the hand feed in preference, when small pieces are to be planed The planing in a pattern shop, for which machines are especially required, is that which takes the place of hand-work done on the benches. As said before, the lumber can all be planed before it is taken to the pattern shop, and the want that is to be supplied is in relieving the workmen of the planing that has to be done after the stuff is cut out. Frequent requests for planing machines with hand feed for light work, has led to the preparation of the one illustrated on the opposite page, a machine that can- not fail to find favor with both workmen and proprietors of machine shops and iron works, where patterns are prepared. The simplicity of the machine, and its light weight compared to other planing machines, enables it to be furnished at a price that will add but little to the ex- pense of a set of pattern machines, and an experiment of a few months in its use will demonstrate the saving; that can be effected both in labor and time. ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 15 TRAVERSE PLANING MACHINE, FOR PATTERN SHOPS, The machine illustrated above, is constructed wholly of metal, including the carriage which is planed true, moves on anti-friction rollers, and is provided with end and side clamps that will hold pieces to 15 inches wide, 6 inches thick, and six or more feet in length, or as small as one-inch square. The clamps and all the adjustments are so arranged as to be instantly changed for pieces of various sizes. The feeding movement is performed by hand. This admils of a rapid manipulation of the machine, modifies the feed to suit the work, and allows the operator to feel the action of the cutters. The driving pulleys can be arranged so that the machine will stand either parallel with or transverse to the line shaft; a countershaft being required in the first case. The cutter-head is of wrought iron, the spiudle of steel, and the bearings of brass. The framing being open on the front, gives easy access to the cutters, and admits pieces of any width. The operator is protected by an iron shield in front of the cutters. Each machine is provided with either starting pulleys or a countershaft, pulleys, and hangers, also, a cutter-belt and two sets of cutters. For prices, see accompanying list. Speed of countershaft,' 600 revolntions a minute. Size of the driving pulleys 12 in. diam., i in. face. Weight of the Machine to plane 6 feet, 16 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. ROLLER FEEDING PLANING MACHINE. The machine shown above, although not what may be strictly called a pattern- maker's machine, is one that will be found useful in most establishments where there is much thin lumber to prepare, especially such as is used in making patterns for builders' castings. There is always more or less planing to be perforated on machines of this class, and when amount is irregular or small, a machine of this size will answer the purpose very well, saving the room and expense of a larger one. * The machine above will plane from | to 5 inches thick and 20 inches wide ; has a wrought iron cutting cylinder and wrought iron feeding rollers. The cylinder bearings are of brass, and the whole machine carefully fitted in all parts. A countershaft is furnished with each machine. For prices, see accompanying list. Speed of the countershaft, 1000 revolutions a minute. Size of the driving pulleys, 12 in. in diam., 4^ in. face. Weight of the Machine, ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 17 PATTERN TURNING LATHES. Lathes for pattern turning require to be accurately fitted, and strong enougli for a heavier class of work than lathes for ordinary turning have to perform, and at the same time be adapted for the smallest pieces. The patterns to be turned may be from 10 to 20 feet long, and 12 to 20 inches in diameter, or may be 2 inches long and one-half inch in diameter, and it is evident that the most careful adaptation is required in any machine having such a range of duty. The continual shifting of the rests — the variation of length, and changing from 'pivot' to 'chuck' work if not provided for in the arrangement of a lathe causes great loss of time. Hence, iron frames are preferable, not only to keep the spindles in a true line, but to admit of a proper arrangement of the rests, and to avoid the bolts, wedges, and set screws that are required with a wood frame. Tlie bearings of such lathes should be made to receive the thrust of the spindle, otherwise the overhang face plate has to be removed and a thrust screw adjusted each time when the rear plate is used. In nearly all cases, and in all but the smallest shops, a great deal of time and cost is saved by an extra lathe for chuck work, a small inexpensive machine that occupies but little room, and is especially adapted for bosses, hubs, and core prints. Such a machine not only relieves the long pivot lathes from jobbing, but being so arranged that the operator stands in front of the work instead of at the side, the time saved in turning bosses, core prints and other chuck work, will soon pay for such a machine. Mr. Davis, master of machinery of the B. & O. Railway, to meet the requirements of liis own shops some year ago, introduced lathes of this class, and it seems strange that a machine so obviously needed has not been sooner produced. Bosses, prints, hubs and similiar pieces are wanted at irregular times, generally to meet some emergency, and are sure to be I'equired when there is a large piece in the pivot lathe, so that a small chuck lathe is sure to find employment that will justify the small cost at which they can be furnished. The dimensions and other particulars i-elating to face Lathes, will be found on another page. Tlic heads, rests and countershaft of the regular .shear Lathe, are furnished separate from the frame if wanted, so as to stand on a wooden frame ; the tool rests being in that case arranged in the usual manner. In sending orders for turning machinery, it is best to give information as to the general character of the work to be performed, this will often lead to little matters of adaptation that may greatly add to the efficiency and con- venience of the machines. 18 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. LARGE FACE LATHES. In pattern making it is too often attempted to perform heavy turning on the overhang end of shear lathes. When there are but few large pieces to turn, and when the standard lathe can be spared for the purpose, large work may bo turned in this way by using a floor-stand to support the tool rests ; but in all cases where there are many large pieces to turn, such as driving wheel, pulley or gearing patterns, a special Lathe will pay for its cost, even if it is used but one week in a year. The rigidity and strength that are required in lathes of this class to insure accurate work, and safety to the turner, cannot be provided for in a common shear lathe, without rendering it clumsy and unfitted for ordinary pivot turning ; besides, large pieces generally have to remain for a long time on the lathe, sometimes for weeks, and the shear lathes cannot be spared in such cases. In many of the large engineering establishments it has been found necessary to construct lathes for turning large patterns, because such machines have not been made by those engaged in wood machinery manufacture, proving a want for regular lathes of sufficient capacity for large patterns. The Lathe illustrated on the opposite page, although of sufficient size to turn the largest pieces, is by careful arrangement made comparatively light in weighty and occupies but a small space on the floor. Pattern shops are generally on upper floors that are not strong enough to support heavy machines, besides the cutting operations in pattern-work are all light, a large face Lathe is required not because of the nature of the work so much as its size, that is, the cutting requires but little more power on a large piece than it does on a small one, but the work being done farther from the spindle and the rest supports, and the lathe heavy to start, provisions have to be made to suit these conditions. The Lathe shown in the engraving, although it swings 6 feet inside the rest is but little heavier, and costs but little more than the shear lathe already, described. ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 19 Scale, LARGE FACE LATHE, FOR PATTERN TURNING. This Lathe swings 6 feet inside the rests, and clear of the floor, or to any larger size by providing a pit to clear the work. The spindle is ^ inches in diameter, the bearings of brass. Has four speeds, ranging from 250 to 1500 revolutions a minute, or as may be determined by the driving pulley on the main shaft. The rests are supported on a bracket attached to the main frame, that is arranged to be swung out of the way for mounting large pieces. The main frame being cast in one piece, and the whole machine self-contained, no special foundation is required. The countershaft is placed in the main frame as shown in the engraving, or is furnished with hangers to go overhead when so ordered. Each Lathe is furnished with three face plates, two steel rests, the cone belt^ and wrenches. For prices, see accompanying list. 20 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. PATTERN TURNING LATHE. A strong durable Lathe, with a rigid iron frame, provided with face plates at each end of the spindle ; turns to 28 inches in diameter over the frame, and to any length that may be ordered. The thrust is taken up in the bearings by a series of collars ; the spindle is of steel, 2^ inches in diameter, the bearings of brass. The stands and rests are fastened by a single screw, and can be instantly shifted and set in any position. No through bolts or wedges are employed for either the heads or rests. Each Lathe is furnished with three face plates, centres, three rests, one floor and two shear stands, a countershaft fitted with two pairs of tight and loose pulleys, so that the lathe can be driven to the right or left. When the Lathe heads are sold without the frame, the ordinary stands and rests are furnished with bolts to suit a frame 12 inches deep. For prices, see accompanying list. Weight of a Lathe with a frame 15 feet lona:. %s. Speed of the countershaft, 500 revolutions a minute. Size of the driving pulleys, 10 in. in diam., 3 in. face. ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 21 Scale, Jj,. PATTERN MAKERS' FACE LATHE. For turning hubs, bosses, core prints, and other face work to 16 inches in diameter, a strong compact machine occupying but two feet square upon the floor. The spindle is of steel with brass bearings; the cone pulleys of iron. Each machine is furnished with a stand and rests, two face plates, screw stud, a countershaft pulleys and hangers. The machine can stand on a floor of any kind, is well-made and durable, and will be found suited for one-half the turning required in ordinary machine pattern work; answering in the place of a large and expensive lathe, and performing the work in less time. For prices, see accompanying list. Speed of countershaft, 600 revolutions a minute. Size of driving pulleys Weight of tlie Macliine, 8 in. diam., iy, in. face. 22 MACHINERY FOR PATTERN-MAKING. GLUE HEATERS. Among the various devices for glue heating now in use, it may safely be claimed that except in cases where establishments have prepared their own, there are no glue-heaters that meet the requirements of pattern-shops. Glue heaters for some reasons belong to steam-fitting manufacture; but from the rough and careless use that they usually undergo, they require to be made more like machines than like ordinary heating apparatus. Of the importance of a good glue-heater in a pattern-shop, nothing need be said ; all know its value as a matter of convenience and the loss of time that arises from waiting for glue, wlwn there is no means of keeping it hot, and the still greater loss that comes froai using glue that is not hot. Glue may be used in many kinds of wood-work when it is not in good condi- tion ; but, in pattern-making, should be of good quality, well boiled and hot. The warm damp of sand moulds opens the joints of patterns like immersing them in warm water, and a little precaution in proper gluing and protecting the joints with varnish will save a pattern for a long time, that would otherwise be lost in making a few pieces. The waste or overflow from heaters should not depend upon delicate steam traps, that are sure to be deranged for a part of the time ; the best plan is to employ a plain stop valve for drawing off the water, when the temperature indicates that the steam chamber is filled. Joints of whatever character should be avoided. A dry glue heat- er is rarely met with, and then is no security in this matter except in avoiding joints. This will be found a characteristic of the heater illustrated on the oppo- site page which has but one joint, and that a plain flange that may be packed so as to be perfectly secure. The advertisers had their attention called to the subject of glue-heaters in attempting to procure one for their own shops, and after an experience of three years with leaky boxes, have concluded to begin the manufacture of the one illustrated. The M'alls of the steam-chamber are double, so that the pots do not come in contact with the water, in fact the water is totally inaccessible, except as drawn off through the stop-cock seen in the front. The heaters are all tested at a pressure of 60 pounds per inch, with hot steam to insure that there are no leaks. The castings however are capable of withstanding several times this pressure. ATLANTIC WORKS, PHILADELPHIA. 23 STEAM GLUE HEATER, FOR PATTERN SHOPS. This heater, is so constructed that the pots are immersed in water. The walls are double throughout, and the casting in one piece, so that no leakage is possible. The glue pots, three in number, rest on turned flanges that are air-tight to prevent the escape of heat. The centre pot holds one gallon, and the two at the ends one-third gallons each. Each heater is provided with a water-pot and two glue brushes, also with steam and waste cocks, attached by nipples to tlie steam chamber, so that the connecting pipes may pass down through the base as shown in the engraving, or in any direction from tlie heater. The heater is strong, compact, convenient, and cannot fail to give satisfaction in every case. If ordered, one of Wilson's Steam Traps is attached to carry off the waste water ; this is one of the best and most simple escape traps that has been invented, and in some eases may save trouble in clearing the heater of water. For prices, see accompanying list. 'SW^^^i PAGE. INTRODUCTORY 3 TO PURCHASERS 4' PATTERNS FOR CASTINGS 5 SLITTING SAW BENCHES 7 JOBBING SAWS FOR PATTERN WORK 8 BLOCKING AND CROPPING MACHINE 9 BAND SAWS IN PATTERN MAKING 10 BAND SAW MACHINE FOR PATTERN SHOPS 11 JIG SAWS IN PATTERN MAKING 12 PATTERN MAKERS' JIG SAW 13 PLANING MACHINERY FOR PATTERN WORK 14 TRANSVERSE PLANING MACHINE 15 ROLLER FEEDING PLANING MACHINE 16 TURNING LATHES FOR PATTERN WORK 17 LARGE FACE LATHES 18 SHEAR LATHE 20 SMALL FACE LATHE 21 GLUE HEATERS FOR PATTERN SHOPS 22, 23 November, iSyj. OF FATTERXT MAKERS' (^MACHINERY. ^^PHILADELPHIA. Tlie prices given are subjected to change by the improvement or modification of tlie machines, and because of a considerable change in the cost of labor and material. The prices are, however, as likely to be diminished as increased. RICHARDS, LONDON & KELLEY. 1^ PATTERN-MAKING MANUFACTURED BY ATLANTIC WORKS, Philadelphia, e©N§THIfe.T01S OF SFlCIikL &MQ, STANIASB MACHMIBY F®! H^ILW^Y ^AM SM0FS. 10€K Y<111S Al® ©1111J.I. 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