n 
 
 / <" / 
 
 c^^ 
 
 x 
 
 \f(^o 
 
.^^ 
 
 
1/ 
 
 THE UNION: 
 
 Cnubi^mtiatiniT oi ||Ir. pclpcr's 3t\pm, 
 
 WITH A PLAN FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF THE 
 
 "IRREPRESSIBLE CONFLICT." 
 
 BY ONE WHO HAS C0NSIDERE8 BOTH SIDES OF THE QUESTION. 
 
 V 
 
 
 " Heigh, ray hearts ; cheerly, oheerly, my hearts ; yare, yare : Take in the topsail— tend to 
 the master's whistle." 
 
 [Thb Tempest. 
 
 PRICE,] 
 
 FREDKRIC A.. BRA.3DY, PUBLISHKR, 
 
 No. 24 Ann Street. 
 
 [lO CENTS. 
 
 / ^S^ 
 
£ 
 
 ■ H^ I : 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 " What will you do with such as disagree ? 
 Suppress them or miscall them policy ? 
 
 We will do neither, good friend ; our desire is unanim- 
 ity, founded on a basis of justice and benefit to every one, 
 and should our superstructure upon this basis be such as 
 we opine it will, it will not result in " ill-timed efforts of 
 officious love," nor perpetuate a state which those " who 
 love too much, hate in the hke extreme, and both the 
 golden mean alike condemn." But on the contrary, will 
 enable us to say : 
 
 " Teach me to feel another's wo, 
 To hide the faults I see ; 
 That mercy I to others shew. 
 That mercy shew to me." 
 
 The magnitude and importance of the interests involved 
 in the " irrepressible question " are such as to demand 
 our utmost care, not to say or do anything calculated to 
 excite bad feeling or embarrassment in the settlement ot 
 so important a- question — our wish being to deal with it 
 impartially, and apart from all reference to individual im- 
 proprieties in any direction — a course, in our judgment, the 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 most likely to insure such a settlement as will obtain the 
 countenance and support of all parties. 
 
 We have said our desire in dealing with this question, 
 is, tcr build upon a basis of justice and benefit to every one 
 — simply premising, in the first place, that, as there can only 
 be but one opinion in regard to its moral aspect, discussion 
 thereon is in no way necessary, for where all are agreed, no 
 element of strife remains. 
 
 Most writers and orators who have advocated a removal 
 of the shackles from our colored brethren, have, in the ea- 
 gerness of their zeal, unwittingly, and, we think, unhappily, 
 committed the too common error of proposing to take 
 without giving — that is, to manumit without remunerating 
 — accompanied with much personal narrative of cruelty, op- 
 pression and injustice, which, in turn, have excited rancour, 
 bitterness and hatred to such a degree, that it is now next 
 to impossible to obtain a fair, impartial and unimpassioned 
 discussion of the subject. There has thus been created a 
 barrier of the most formidable character to all the ap- 
 proaches to a settlement which have heretofore been at- 
 tempted ; a barrier which stifles all discussion, and turns a 
 deaf ear to all remonstrance, until, in the place of reason, 
 argument and justice, we find compulsion on the one side, 
 with defiant hate and stubborn resistance on the other — 
 both teeming with " a mischief" which, if not removed, 
 will culminate, ere long, and that, too, in a mamier which 
 may make the boldest bate his breath, and all lament that 
 the mastery of intemperate zeal and bitter hate should have 
 prevailed over the better qualities of reason, philanthropy 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 and justice. To obviate so great a disaster our wish is 
 bent, and should the issue be such as we think it will, then 
 all may rejoice in a sentiment, gratifying alike to land- 
 owner, laborer and philanthropist — a sentiment that will 
 " make mankind in conscious virtue bold." 
 
 "VV^hen we consider that Slavery is an inheritance, intro- 
 duced by our English ancestors 239 years since, and that it 
 has all along had the sanction of statutory enactments, and 
 that the present slaves and slave owners have been trained 
 and accustomed to it from their infancy, we are, under those 
 circumstances, in justice bound to recognize these elements, 
 and to deal with the system as we would with any other 
 property similarly introduced and established; and here let 
 us say, we are stoutly at issue with Mr. Helper, and all 
 who may endorse his views of demanding manumission 
 without payment; for if it be as Mr. Helper says it is, that 
 Slavery has been and is a curse, a blight, and a serious loss 
 to the land owners in those States wherein it exists, and 
 we do not dispute that it is so, it only makes the case so 
 much the stronger why remuneration should be accorded to 
 the slaveowner; for again admitting the blighting effects of 
 Slavery, commercially, apart from its pernicious influences in 
 other directions, and that if its effects upon the non-slave- 
 holding proprietor of land be disastrous, it is abundantly 
 shown that they have been doubly so to the slave owner him- 
 self, and who, being thus clearly proved the greater sufferer 
 of the two, is, therefore, by so much the more entitled to 
 remuneration for that which ancient custom and high 
 authority have recognized as property. We are not surprised. 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 therefore, at the indiguation which has been excited in the 
 minds of our Southern friends by Mr, Helper's proposals 
 for a settlement of this question; for, now that we have read 
 " the book," we can sympathize with them in much of their 
 indignation, as, in our judgment, the schemes propounded 
 are unjust, rash, and cruel, both to slave and slave owner, 
 as we will hereafter show, while, as a remechj for the evils 
 complained of, they are a decided failure. 
 
 To manumit and not remunerate, to give the negroes 
 money in hand at the period of their manumission, and to 
 encourage their removal from the Southern States, we again 
 repeat, are unjust, rash, and cruel. 
 
 While holding aloof from the ultra party of cither side, 
 we will say we do consider Slavery an evil, clearly enough 
 displayed by the census statistics, (we will confine ourselves, 
 as much as possible, to its commercial phase;) politically, it 
 is also an evil, being, as it is, so completely mixed up with, 
 and so thoroughly in the way of all our legislation; its im- 
 portance and prominence being thus forced upon us, whether 
 we will or no, is sufficient justification for our entering the 
 lists, and in doing so we may say that while we eschew all 
 thought and intention of impertinently interfering in what 
 may be called the domestic affairs of our Southern friends, 
 we simply do so on the same principle which would induce 
 us to knock uj) the inmates of a tenement in the block 
 where we ourselves resided, to inform them that their pre- 
 mises were on fire, and that unless they made haste they 
 might be burned to death and the whole block destroyed ; 
 it is in this spirit, therefore, that we approach the census 
 
THE UNION, 
 
 statistics, as bearing upon this question, and with the view 
 that our Southern friends will, themselves fairly look the 
 matter in the face, and take such action as their own inter- 
 ests, those of humanity, and the welfare and dignity of the 
 Union demand. 
 
 We insert the first of the following tables, more for the 
 purpose of showing the extraordinary error Mr. Helper has 
 committed, in assuming the Free States could aiford to 
 jiart with the whole of their hay crop, for it is abundantly clear, 
 that if the Free States parted with, the whole of their hay crop, 
 they would not possess cattle, horses and other crops to a 
 tithe of the extent which they now do — well, then, compar- 
 ing the value of the hay crop of the Free States for the 
 year 1850 — assuming it to be a crop which those States 
 could afford to dispense Tvith — its value at $11 20 per ton, 
 as compared with the entire value of the cotton, tobacco, 
 rice, hay, hemp, and cane-sugar crops of all the Slave 
 States for the same year, is ^3,533,275 greater than that 
 of the cotton, tobacco, rice, hay, hemp, and cane-sugar crops 
 of the Slave States — here are the figures : 
 
 Hay crop of the Free States, -------- §142,138,998. 
 
 Sundry products of tlie Slave States, - 138,605,723. 
 
 Balance in favor of the Free States, ----- $3,533,275. 
 
 This is, therefore, an interesting comparison, only as 
 hypothetically considered ; practically, it is altogether fal- 
 lacious. 
 
8 
 
 
 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 s„- 
 
 ^ CI QC 00 C'T t~ >o — 1 <c -ri -t 'it ~ ~. r~ 
 
 Oi 
 
 
 
 
 CJOf-H-rwOLO-rcci— ii-(i~— . oCt-^ 
 
 Cl 
 
 
 
 
 S'i 
 
 lO -^ cc r-H ir; o c-i oi oi o r-^ ci — i d 
 
 1— J 
 
 
 
 
 If 
 
 1— 1 -* t-lCJl-liOrHr-lr-sCNC-? (M 
 
 i—i 
 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 
 ooooooooooooooo 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 CitNO'MOOOO'^OOOOOSO 
 
 C<l 
 
 
 
 
 Tfi t~ CC O O C) (M rC IC CI lO rf O i-C) CI 
 
 r- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <! 
 
 EH 
 
 s 
 
 t^ O O i-H O O CO C5 C: ro O iC T CI O 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 CI O lO rc CI 1— 1 O -H t~ CJ O O 00 O "O 
 
 CI 
 
 
 
 •? 
 
 O^^^CO C5^i-j^r-; '^„'-t,'-t,'~l,'*,'-'^ ^^ --L'"' 
 
 a>^ 
 
 
 
 CG 
 
 
 cf^o^r-i t-r(-r-t<"o"t--ro'~co~crarcrrcrcrr 
 
 -f" 
 
 
 
 W 
 
 
 core COCOdCJ CO-^COnHCIOrO 
 
 -^ 
 
 
 
 
 r-H 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 P> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 s 
 
 c<iococooo«:>-Tt<-oO'*oo-*'ci 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 C<lCiC^OOaO>OC1uOOOOOOOOO 
 
 Tf< 
 
 
 - 
 
 CO 
 
 f"„'~l,'~J,*^t^„'--l'^l-'~t,^„^'"'„^„'-^„'-'^„-''„ 
 
 ^-, 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 w 
 
 ^ 
 
 o" cf cf Ci"oo" t--" rH~ ,— r r--r i^-T cT cT uo" t-^ 1— r 
 
 i-T 
 
 
 - 
 
 >00 »OL-t^O'*t-(-*0»OC1^ro-0 
 
 la 
 
 
 s 
 
 w 
 
 CO 
 
 CnI 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 1 1 1 ^1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 oa 
 
 O 
 
 
 , 1 1 1 « 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 <J 
 
 
 1 t 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 « 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 II 
 
 
 
 »^ 
 
 rt 
 
 
 , 1 1 1 1 ef sf 1 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 <i 
 
 1 
 
 .S S ' ' 
 
 
 
 pq 
 
 
 
 ' ' " , '-■=:" 'II."' ' 
 
 
 
 W 
 
 
 
 " uT a" ^ rt'^ =r' - n ci a 1 - 
 
 
 
 P 
 
 
 
 a t/; rt c: .5 o - c: •/; - ^-^ t« „•= 
 
 
 • 
 
 o 
 P 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3^ 
 
 cr. CO t- rt< 00 -o o t^ o -r o >-c --c r~ -^c o 
 
 rH 
 
 
 <j 
 
 
 «" 
 
 lO CO CO c<i r~ c<o o o c^ 00 Ci o ci cs t~ '-0 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 -E 
 
 ■ ci in ci CO 00 l~ t^ -^ CC u-^ ci C Cl o o 
 
 1—5 
 
 
 pc] 
 
 
 2 cr 
 
 l^r— IC) r-lCl COinO-^O^HCO 
 
 cq 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 a| 
 
 1-1 i-H 
 
 
 
 05 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 oooooooooooooooo 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 
 
 O O O O O -t< O CJ O O O O O -f GO CO 
 
 00 
 
 
 P4 
 
 03 
 
 
 CI CO CI i-^ci_ci^o^<-c^ci^oo_^o^r5^o^oo_^o_co^ 
 
 o 
 
 
 31 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 w 
 
 i^^cri-rTf~crcro~CTr-t<"o"--^'~o"Lo"o"i-r 
 
 cf 
 
 
 < 
 
 u 
 
 CI o in CO 00 ^0 CI o c-o CI X' r- -f CO CO — ( 
 
 5S 
 
 
 < 
 
 00 O CO 'O UO c<0 O CV CI C'O C:_^'.-0_-T"^00 ^^"O, 
 
 o 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 cTcf lo — rc4"o'~-^'"i.o'"io~uo o~o~cr o~-t<" 
 
 cf 
 
 
 
 O COC<1C>OC1 CO coCld CO 
 
 CO 
 
 — : — 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 OOr-OO-^OO-^OOClOOOO-iCl 
 
 
 
 pj 
 
 ;3 
 
 o c: -f JC_r3_i~^oc^co^ci^co_^o^o^c;^co_^c|_cr>^ 
 
 uo 
 
 
 <1 
 
 
 £ 
 
 io'-:tri<<~co''o'^t— '~o"oroo'"r-ro"o"r-ro~co" 
 
 of 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 u- O CO O CO O -*< CO -* i-H u-O 
 f— I 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 
 
 
 
 
 fo 
 
 
 1(111111 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 ''''!'', 2 !'!'■ ,' 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 California, 
 C(»nncticut, 
 Illinois, - - 
 Indiana, 
 Iowa, - - - 
 Maine, - - 
 Massachusetts 
 Michigan, - 
 New Ilampsh 
 New Jersey, 
 New York, - 
 Ohio, - - 
 Pennsylvanui; 
 Rhode Island, 
 Vermont, 
 Wisconsin, 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 

 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 9 
 
 POPULATION OF THE FREE AND OF THE SLAVE STATES-1850. 
 
 T 
 
 m 
 
 W 
 
 < 
 H 
 CO 
 
 < 
 
 CQ 
 S 
 
 O 
 
 z 
 o 
 
 hH 
 
 o 
 
 P4 
 
 
 ct t- C-l U^ lO lO Ol rf O -f< C^ t- h- CI r-l 
 
 C4 CI r.-; ^ M O ^ c^O CI -t* --0 O ^H Ci o 
 
 f— rci~r-rt--'~o~(M r~-'~o"'-o'"of cr. xTof (m"i— T 
 r^ooi3COco-H3oooo-ooO'-H(M 
 
 ■-T 1— T 
 
 05 
 
 
 > 
 
 CQ 
 
 •+000(M^a5Gococ?oo-*<C5^oo 
 -* O o r^ c-i CO o o 1- C-] -r- 00 lo o c-i 
 
 C»^ r-H^ C j^ CO^ 0_^ O"^ 30_ C^O^ CO^ -+_ O^ Ci^ -r^ ^ lO^ 
 
 c-fr-TcfcTTi-To'Tt^'o'crt-roo'^'crtxrc^r 
 
 •* -^ CO 00 ^H Tf C5 O CO ■X) 00 oo iO b- 
 CO CCitMCq CO CNCOCN ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 o" 
 
 CO 
 
 s 
 
 O 
 
 
 O 
 
 2 
 
 uO 00 C^O <M ^ ^ C<) ro O 00 CO O <M ^- ;0 
 
 OOl^COOOr— (0<MCOr— I^COC-ICSCO 
 
 (N «3 O C5 Ci O^^^I^^O O "li^C^"*,^ C0_ 
 
 ,-1 I— 1 1— 1 1^ <N o 
 
 00 
 CO 
 
 1— ( 
 
 OO" 
 (M 
 
 1 
 ^ 
 
 TtiOiOCOCqcOi— ICOOO-^OOCOO-fO 
 1— iOOOOt^^HC7>-Tfr-HOC'l--Or.OroO 
 
 O" C<r 1-h" t^'" rH"r4~ o" t--^ lO" <>f Co" -:f" O" ■*'" -*" 
 
 c^i'ot^-^oioiOT— lociint^inioci 
 
 00 
 
 1— 1 
 
 2 
 
 Alabama. 
 Arkansas. - - 
 Delaware. - 
 Florida. - - 
 Georgia. - - 
 Kentucky. 
 Louisiana. - 
 Maryland. - 
 Mississippi. - 
 Missouri. - - 
 N. Carolina. 
 S. Carolina. - 
 Tennesee. - 
 Texas. - - 
 Virginia. 
 
 
 o 
 
 7 
 
 02 
 
 P3 
 H 
 
 s 
 
 6^ 
 O 
 
 ^1 
 O 
 
 < 
 
 n 
 o 
 
 3 
 O 
 
 b-C5OO':fCi-*i'*Oi0-HC5OOO^ 
 
 5-3aif:i^_i-c)r-Hiot^>oc5 0ioo^<MO 
 
 lO t^ -* ■* <M 1— 1 O iO_O^O^CO^M^t-_^0_'-'„'^-3^ 
 
 c-f cri-H'~oo"cCc.o"-*"t--'"t-^crt-."o"i--rb-rTt< lo 
 
 Cir^moocaoooOi— looOioOi-H-^i— lO 
 ooooasi— looicocorf o^03_co^r-< CO c-d 
 
 co"I-^<^^ 
 
 cq 
 
 Cl 
 
 C5 
 '*" 
 
 CO 
 
 co" 
 1—1 
 
 o 
 o 
 o 
 o 
 © 
 
 (5 
 
 C<JC0'Xi<MC0'X)'*c0OOa50iOOQ0O 
 OOCOOcO»n«2GOfM^Ot--C]t^;pCO 
 0«3-^<McOCOOOi0000 010 O^I>. lO 
 
 o 
 
 t-H 
 1— ( 
 
 o" 
 I— 1 
 
 
 ioo-d'-Tf<— icoo-— looooomjio 
 CO o CO uo 00 ^ o (^ vo O CI o o h- O jn 
 
 cooOCSi— iiCOC^OCO-^OO '^ !.i— 1 CO CO 
 co^rn"*^ 
 
 o 
 
 Co" 
 CO 
 
 co' 
 1—1 
 
 
 California. - - 
 Connecticut. - - 
 Illinois. - - - 
 Indiana. - - - - 
 Iowa. - - - - 
 Maine. - - - - 
 Massachusetts. - 
 Michigan. - - - 
 New Hampshire. 
 New Jersey. - - 
 Nsw York. - - 
 Ohio. - - - - 
 Pennsylvania. - 
 Rhode Island. - - 
 Vermont. - - - 
 Wisconsin. - - - 
 
10 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 RKCAPITULATION. AREA. 
 
 Area of the Slave States, - - - 
 Area of the Free States, - - - 
 
 Balance in favor of Slave States, 
 
 Square Miles. 
 
 851,448 
 - 612,597 
 
 238,851 
 
 Acres. 
 
 544.926,720 
 392,062,082 
 
 152,864,638 
 
 RECAPITULATION. POPULATION 1850. 
 
 Population of the Free States, 
 Population of the Slave States, 
 
 Whites. 
 
 13,233,670 
 €,184,477 
 
 Balance in favor of the Free States, 7,049,193 
 
 Total 
 
 13,434,922 
 9,612,976 
 
 3,821,946 
 
 FREE COLORED AND SLAVE. 1850. 
 
 Free Negroes in the Slave States^ 
 Free Negroes in the Free States, 
 
 Excess of Free Negroes in the Slave States, 
 
 228,138 
 196,116 
 
 32,022 
 
 Slaves in the Slave States, 
 Free Negroes in the Free States, 
 
 3,200,'364 
 228,138 
 
 Aggregate Negro Population of the Slave States in 1850, 3,428,502 
 
 THE TERRITORIES AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 
 Area in Square Miles. 
 
 Indian Territory, - - - - - - - - 71,127 
 
 Kansas " ..-----. 114,798 
 
 Minnesota " 106,025 - - - 
 
 Nebraska " - - . 335,882 
 
 N. ]\Iexico " ------.. 207,007 - - - 
 
 Oregon " - - 185,030 - - - 
 
 Utah " -.-.--... 26!»,170 - - - 
 
 Washington-' -----... 123,022 - - - 
 
 Columbia, District of------- GO---- 
 
 Agregate of Area and Population, 1,472,121 - - - 
 
 Population. 
 
 6,077 
 
 61,547 
 13,294 
 11,380 
 
 *51,687 
 
 143,985 
 
 * Of tl'c.'il,687 inhabitants in the District of Columbia, in 1S50, 10,057 were free colored, 
 and 3,(J87 were slaves. 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 11 
 
 O 
 00 
 
 H 
 
 < 
 
 CO 
 
 pq 
 pq 
 
 ph 
 pq 
 W 
 
 H 
 
 Pm 
 
 O 
 
 EQ 
 H 
 
 n 
 
 o 
 
 :^ 
 
 H 
 M 
 
 ii 
 
 (M C5i lO CO ot> 1— 1 O C2 O (M O 00 -+ >0 O C-l 
 t— 1 C:. C: CC CT. ot CC' -^ O Ci O >0 00 1^. lO Ci 
 
 i-H ^ ^ c-i lo '^ i^ t^ GO o ~^H --r o 
 1—1 I— t !— 1 »n> C't 1— 1 (M 
 
 CO 
 
 
 cT 
 
 lO" 
 
 P3| 
 
 •OOOt— r-lOC0O00lO-^01O<Mt— 00 
 • O I—I •* T— 1 r-l O^ r-H -^ 30 1—1 
 
 CO 
 CI 
 
 t— 
 
 ^„ 
 cf 
 
 r— 1 
 
 
 (N lO -* 00 irO'O "^^CSr— It— ©"^Cs-^O 
 CaO0i-f<O-+<C0t— 1— iinOsOOtMi—liO 
 
 I— loot— OOOOMQOOOi— lO'^coiomo 
 O^O^CN^IM ^^iO^CO^CO^t>-^-^_^<M^O^O ^„^„ 
 
 
 I— 
 
 T— <^ 
 
 CO" 
 
 CO 
 
 o_ 
 
 lO 
 
 o -A 
 .£ 3 
 
 c 
 
 H-l 
 
 OcCTticoO^OOOO-*Oi«-*'-H005 
 CO -f OC' O O lO OV CI t- O O C2 1— 1 O Ci t— 
 C-l O Ci c>-D 1— O ^^'-f O t— -* 0_C<I_C]^co_^ci 
 
 I— IC'0-*iOlOl-0-*'^t— lOlOt^COCOCOOO 
 05^0^0_0^t:-^cO_^O^iC^t— ^OO^O^QO^O O^Ci_ 
 
 r-rt~-^cfoD"— ToCio"!— Too^t^cTCTT (jCi— r 
 
 lO to 1— 1 lO I— 1 
 
 
 
 lO 
 
 00" 
 1— 1 
 
 cf 
 
 CI 
 
 O 3 
 
 0O>— l^iOt— COOi— IOO^C-TO(M^(M 
 .CO--t<r-ITj<00':ruOGOOi— l-*iOC>?COt— 
 
 • '^„*^^'— i.'^„^ ""L^,.^^ ^^^„'^'~l-^,,'~~,^« 
 
 • 00'~t-'"io"-:J''~^ lO^O^Co'cC^C-f C-f x"io"t--^Tf" 
 
 • mooioci'ccooi— t— lOt-coi— iOt— 1 
 r-rcric"r- Tofi— Tof co^o'co'i-T c^Tco" 
 
 t-i <M .— 1 C-1 
 
 I— 1 
 t— 
 
 CO 
 
 0" 
 
 iO_ 
 
 0" 
 
 05 
 
 
 COtMLOOO^HOf— ICiOOOOOr— Ir^OOr— 1 
 (MOt— lOOOiOr-iOOiOOCSiOOi-^iOCO 
 C<l^t— _iO^-^^>O^CN^C^^0C^— :^r-i^ri<^CO^O^ O^r-I^ 
 
 1— 1 •<* ^ 1— 1 CO Ci CO <M 00 O CI 00 O CO 00 
 
 ■^^cq^io^cq oi_i— 1 o^r-H^-^^co^^ »« <M„ 
 
 cTo"!— r '*'" r-rco'~^'~io" ■^" 
 
 r^ r-l ^^ 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 ■^^ 
 
 iC 
 1—1 
 cf 
 t— 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 1 1 1 • 1 1 1 1 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 
 
 1 1 1 1 I , 1 1 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 i 1 1 I I 1 1 1 
 1 1 1 ■ 1 1 1 1 
 
 I 1 1 > I 1 1 1 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 1 1 I 1 oT 1 1 1 
 
 i ^ -2 § „ cT i .^a ^ H ^ « o § 
 
 
 ^ 
 
12 
 
 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 
 
 
 •s 
 
 03CC-. o-+«:>ooooco>-HC5Tf<oro 
 
 ■* 
 
 
 
 
 
 O >— 1 -1" •* re «0 C5 lO -^ O lO C-l 00 Ci lO Ol 
 
 1—1 
 
 
 
 
 £3 
 
 t--^t--<^O^O^rt^C0_C^^'O^u-i^€J^C-w_C;^rC^O^C'l X 
 
 C5_ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o S 
 
 t~" lo" o" -+" ocf c-f oT of go" 1 -^ ■— r irTco" co~ u-" -t" 
 
 of 
 
 
 
 
 ^•o 
 
 ^^t^-^<M T^CSrO-^OOOIMOi— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^r-H Tf CO CQ ■* I— 1 (N CD t-;^0 t— CO 
 
 co^ 
 
 
 
 
 sS 
 
 i-h" 
 
 o" 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 k 
 
 
 (^ 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •g 
 
 >O-*Tt<-<1<00h^O00O<Mt-Tt<Tf<00c0C<I 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 
 h-t^C:5tO-5tlOO<NCO-H-*TtlOr-(0»-0-^ 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 OS 
 
 C<I^Gq^-*^a)^cX3_co__O^I'~ CO C-J^O O t~ (M OC rH 
 
 o^ 
 
 
 
 
 *^ "O 
 
 u'fo"t--"cfoo~cfo"-*"w"ic"cf'*~arac'<xrc<f' 
 
 ■^" 
 
 
 
 
 ° o 
 
 I - C2 04 t~ Ol O 1— 1 O t~ .-H -H CO O 1— 1 CO 
 
 1 — 1 
 
 
 
 
 ga, 
 
 ^1-1 i-i 1—1 CO rf Ci Ol O 
 
 t-;^ 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 co" 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 
 «© 
 
 
 
 
 •cot— ooooo^aiOu■:)^ooQO 'Oi— i 
 
 CO 
 
 
 -o 
 
 • O CO OO lO CO 1— ^ OC Ol O CO 01 • r-0 O 
 
 Ol 
 
 
 
 »o 
 
 ^ « 
 
 ; t~ t-^oq^o-^o »o I— 1 ^^c-^cc^t-;, • O r-l 
 
 o> 
 
 
 
 QO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ff«^ 
 
 J5-C 
 
 i o'=o"i-r cTr-TcxTr-T * ,-h~ 
 
 oo~ 
 
 
 
 
 d 3 
 
 r— 1 CO rH »0 CO •<*< 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 ^^ 
 
 I— 1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i« 
 
 •Oil— r— 100<— 11— -*C.i— IIOt— lOOOOO 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 o^ 
 
 •OOt— co^naoi— OCOi— lO-*rOCiOO 
 
 fO 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 ■gl 
 
 ■ Tt<^OC^OT^-*_CO^O_01^Ci^co t—^O Ci o o -* 
 
 O) 
 
 
 
 (» 
 
 
 1 ot-^crofc<rio~o^co"— r-f~o"3o'>o''>rt"vo~ 
 
 of 
 
 
 
 
 . - 
 
 CO t— 1 CO rH OJ Ci 00 -^ r— I— 1 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 » 
 
 s:^ 
 
 1— 1 T— ( r-H 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 » 
 
 5« 
 
 
 
 
 
 P^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 Pm 
 
 oio-^fouoi— ici^^o-rtiooo^HOOsr- 
 
 VO 
 
 
 
 
 i2 . 
 
 ocii— it-i— -*o>oioi— rroco^-T'io 
 
 CI 
 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 ■o'i 
 
 Ol^O^OO^t- '=*'., »«,l-;,C-1_<»„'-i„>0,'-H„0)_00^0 -O 
 
 Ol 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 S-g 
 
 ofcTof uo ■*'"io"co'~-^'"o~'*'"i— ro'"io"o~-+"o" 
 
 of 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 1— (QOCO O-^t— t-^H-tOiO OOl 
 
 Tf 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 S'" 
 
 OJ t^ ^ 
 
 "^ 
 
 
 
 § 
 
 P3 
 
 
 i-T 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •1— OOOCOiOt— iO-*»OOOI>OCiOO 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 "S • 
 
 •OO-^i— (0^0^-HOCO^OOClTJ-^Ht— 
 
 •* 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 ^"o 
 
 • <^i'«„t-^'-':5,'0,co^Ci^oi^C5^cft^o_o_oj^oo_^cc^ 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 >•= 
 
 ', oT rf" cT of -*"irr of o"oo'~co"Qd~co'~i-rorcr 
 
 o" 
 
 
 
 O 
 P4 
 
 o 3 
 
 OJCO^iOOOr-Ot-QOrOO Ot- 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 •Oli-^r— 1 I— li— l-:f OC^HOi— 1 Ol 
 
 co" of 
 
 Qo" 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 fM 
 
 
 1 1 • 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 Hi 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 <5 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 B 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 t 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 
 
 
 
 
 1-^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1= 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1-1 
 
 
 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 p^ 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 wj 
 
 
 
 
 
 <1 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 to 
 
 alifornia, _ - - 
 
 oiinecticut, 
 
 linois, - - - - 
 
 idif,na, - - _ 
 
 nva, - - - - 
 
 [aine, _ . - 
 
 Massachusetts, 
 
 Michigan, - - 
 
 ew Hampshire, 
 
 ew Jersey, 
 
 ew York, - - - 
 
 hio, - - - - 
 
 ennsylvania, - - - 
 
 hode Island, 
 
 ermont, - _ _ 
 
 'isconsin, - - - 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 oo=:j:3..-<-. :;^S«;<!q;^;cfi,?^>?s 
 
 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 13 
 
 n£ 
 
 a 2 
 
 (5"1 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 H 
 < 
 
 H 
 
 % 
 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 o 
 
 p 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 ooi^co I— l(^o icooi— (>r5coii-<^i^ 
 >0 t^ lO O -*i -^ (M o-D CO OO CO t-^ CO 
 
 1— ll^«3(MOcOir5-*OOOCOOt~000 
 
 OTfOlOlOt^l^r— (0<:OOC»COOCO 
 
 t^oo'cxTi— TiTo'io" co"oi Tt^'o co^oTco^oo 
 
 ,—1 lOr-i <M tJ^CMt^CO lO 
 
 iCi— liO'+it-'CiOtMl:^!— It^OOMt— 
 
 00000»00000!rOt^t-H(MCO<lOO<X> 
 (N Ci Oi O_00 O_O^C^Ca_i0^O^a2_i0_Q0^i0^ 
 r-H"i-H"o"u:rco"o"-rt<"c.o"oo'"-^"';o"co'~lO~o"cr 
 (MOOOOi— lOC-lt^Ot^T—it^-^Clco 
 
 t^ Oi CO t~^ (M^-^^iq^Oi 0^<M^t^^^_^oq^^_^t-(^ 
 
 iS t-^O^r-^ lc"r-rO~-*'"co'"r-rco'" 
 
 Q0Oi<NOlO5i— ICOOOtMt^i— I'fcocOOl 
 
 ■^coTfociOt-ioioc^oioiocMt^i— I 
 O C5 >j^„oo o_'0^co_^c<o^ic io^o^-s"^CN_^oq_co^ 
 
 (^ 00 i-H Oi O O '^t~-;,^„<^''„C^'^„'^O^C^ 
 
 cxTcxa^co^r-To^ocTcrcrofco^t^'xrcf'xrio' 
 
 <N coiOi— ii— l(MciOC<lr— liO CO 
 
 CDcO0O«D-^t— It^T— lOOGlOOiO'Ol^Tt^ 
 CaOOi— iCC^i— ICOi-O00t~-l— lOOO.— 1^ 
 CO i-H lO lO O CO^CO i-^C<J^O^O^r-H^O_0_'-H^ 
 
 io"5o"^"o''o"'— To^ c^r CO*" oo^cvf of co" oTcT 
 
 COiOOOCNOOO-^Ot— lOOlOOst^ 
 
 ■#iC0i— IfMcoOli— ICOCiiOOt^OOOai— I 
 
 '^ Oi C-1 t-H 00 (M 
 05 Oi 00 00 -^ 
 <M r-H -^ O ■— i 
 
 CSCOOOCOCCrH^i— I 
 
 ■*" ofofr-rr-T 
 
 I I I 
 
 I I I 
 I I I I I I I 
 
 I I I I I I 
 I I I I I I I 
 
 I I I 
 
 I'll 
 
 I I I 
 
 :| 
 
 ' ' ' ' ' cS rt 
 
 I I I I .5 .S I I 
 
 j" od' aT ^ cTtT S* '^ rt s! S 
 
 a § rt rt.ES o rt rt -^ 5 ~^ S „-g 
 
14 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 O 
 
 en 
 
 < 
 
 H 
 
 M 
 
 % 
 
 <a 
 H 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 H 
 
 g 
 
 o 
 
 Ah 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 oo^-t-O-coc-. — >« — ^:x-+lO^- 
 
 fe 
 
 u «* 
 
 -^ (- cc t~ ct ic lO -— -r CTi c-'S 
 
 C<I 
 
 t. *5 
 
 ■* -H irt c-i t^ c-i c-i -r i^ f^o -H 06 lo — 1 
 
 00 
 
 O s 
 
 
 
 «-'0 
 
 >0 i-H C-1 -^ 'M Tf -t T O (M <M l^ 
 
 lO 
 
 o o 
 
 1— 1 -Tf -Tfi CI ->C iC r- r-J CO r-l t^ 
 
 lO 
 
 §£ 
 
 1^ t-l ,-H CI ,-, 
 
 CO 
 
 tf 
 
 
 f>H 
 
 > 
 
 
 J^_ 
 
 s 
 
 
 Iri 
 
 ^0-^'r-^OOC^OO'*<M--0«-*t^ 
 
 
 
 0^1.0^^-1 C-J C-l CC lO .OC- 00 vft rt* 
 
 ^0 
 
 OS 
 
 oci-^r^i^L-^n-coocc-jTrTrcii— icco 
 
 OI 
 
 = 1 
 
 
 
 'i't^<MCOOcooCOOC5Cit-~t^C'lcO 
 
 t~ 
 
 
 00 1— 1 r-H t^ •* -^ Oi CC ■* Oi r-H CO 
 
 t^ 
 
 §£ 
 
 ۩: eOi-H (N r-l 
 
 CO 
 
 d 
 
 
 r-^ 
 
 > 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 CT>r-l-<*< '(Ml— 1 •O000i-0-*«OQO 
 
 ■* 
 
 ■Si 
 
 (M '(NO • -* C^ C5 lO (M .— 1 
 
 00 
 
 coc5*ooo'Tf< Oi— 1 cr- 00 
 
 '^ 
 
 S » 
 
 
 
 II 
 
 »0 ' (N CO 00 00 C^ 
 
 Co" 
 
 I— • I— 1 CO rH 
 
 
 
 *.-° 
 
 
 OI 
 
 *""a! 
 
 »0 30 <M >— 1 Ci 3C t^ rH r:0 -f 
 
 t— 
 
 oM 
 
 cc 01 C^l w ^ 1- -^ tC iO ^ I— 1 
 
 I— 1 
 
 
 000 in 1- I- 'O 00 rr o? ^ 
 
 lO^ 
 
 
 
 
 M "^ 
 
 CO Tfl t^ T^ rH -^ CO 
 
 co" 
 
 i- w" 
 
 C<l I— I I— ( 
 
 01 
 
 £5 
 
 
 t— 1 
 
 
 
 
 5« 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 r-HCCOOi— i-i'ClOl^t^'MOi— l--iCi 
 
 b- 
 
 Ph . 
 
 CO C'l i-O i-H 1— CO ^^ iCi -H C<J lO t^ 
 
 Ol 
 
 'O'o 
 
 t--;_r--^>-H^C0^O_l-O^t~ 00 l~ O^CI CO CO lA 
 
 01^ 
 
 g J= 
 
 c<i " 0" TjT irf c<r c-f r-T of of 0" -f~ o~ cT cT .-T 
 
 t-T 
 
 3 
 
 QO CO Tf 1— 1 l~ Tj< CO OI -0 t- Ol 
 
 CO 
 
 g^ 
 
 GOOl T-Hi— IO)i— ( kOOoOi— im 
 
 C: 
 
 
 
 
 £ 
 
 1—1 ,_| r-l r-l 
 
 t-^ 
 
 
 COiniriuOOt^ CO1— ii— i^HrfcOt^CiOO 
 
 t^ 
 
 4 ■ 
 
 Tf t~ r-l lO m t- Ol -+ X Ol Ci 
 
 »o 
 
 ^5 
 
 CO i-i 0^ <M 0_ c;^.-^^-o^r~ OI -* ao 
 
 CO^ 
 
 
 00*" 0" co^t-Tc^T'o^ cT r^r 
 
 kC^ 
 
 r-l C 05 .-H r-H ,-1 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 rH OI 
 
 •* 
 
 m 
 
 1,1 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 >> 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 ■ < I 1 1 1 1 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 H 
 
 1 < 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 ■< 
 
 ■ 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 > i 1 1 i 1 1 
 
 Ill 
 
 '■III.. 1 
 
 B 5 rt rt .£ ^ rt 5 -7 b =: ? 5. .5 
 rtC?'rti--7'r-/-crt3ot£"C 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^t-o^oo^j;^-— . 00 •— 
 
 
 
 <!<;;2ifi,c;ii)-;5^J^J5??;c/ic-ic^J> 
 
 
THE UNION, 15 
 
 RECAPITTLATION FREE STATES. 
 
 Wheat, - - - 72,157,486 bushels « 1 50 - - - ^108,236,229 
 
 Oats, - - - 96,590,371 " « 40 - - - . 38,636,148 
 
 Indian Corn, - 242,618,650 « « 60 - - - 145,571,190 
 
 Potatoes, (I. &S.) 59,033,179 " « 38 - - - - 22,432,604 
 
 Rye, - - - - 12,574,623 « « 1 00 - -' - - 12,574,623 
 
 Barley, - - - - 5,002,013 « « 90 4,501,811 
 
 Buckwheat, - - - 8,550,245 " « 50 - - - - 4,275,122 
 
 Beans and Peas, - 1,542,295 " « 1 75 . . . . . 2,699,015 
 
 Clover & Grass Seeds 762,265 « « 3 00 - - - - 2,286,795 
 
 Flax Seeds, - - 358,923 « " 1 25 448,647 
 
 Garden Products, _ . _ _ 3,714,605 
 
 Orchard Products, 6,332,914 
 
 Total, - - 499,190,041 bushels, valued as above, at $351,709,703 
 
 RECAPITULATION — SLAVE STATES. 
 
 Wheat, - - - 27,904,476 bushels « 1 50 - - - - $41,856,714 
 
 Oats, - - - - 49,882,799 « « 40 - - - - 19,953,191 
 
 Indian Corn, - 348,992,282 « « 60 - - - - 209,395,369 
 
 Potatoes, (I. &S.) 44,847,420 « « 33 - - - -17,042,019 
 
 Rye, 1,608.240 " « 1 OO - - - - 1,608,240 
 
 Barley,- - - - 161,907 « « 90 - - - - 145.716 
 
 Buckwheat'- - - 405,357 « « 50 - - - - 202,678 
 
 Beans and Peas, - 7,637,227 « « 1 75 - - - - 13,365,147 
 
 Clover & Grass Seeds 123,517 " « 3 00 - - - - 370,551 
 
 Flax Seeds, - - - 203,484 " " 1 25 - - - - 254,355 
 
 Garden Products, - . . _ . 1,377,260 
 
 Orchard Products, . - . . 1,355,827 
 
 Total, - - $481,766,889 bushels, valued as above, at, $306,927,067 
 
 TOTAL DIFFERENCE BUSHEL-MEASURE PTODUCTS. 
 
 Bushels. Value. 
 
 Free States - - - 499,190,041 $351,709,703 
 
 Slave States - - 481,766,889 306,927,067 
 
 Balance in bushels, 17,423,152 Diflference in value, $44,782,636 
 
16 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 .!^ 
 
 O 
 »o 
 ao 
 
 T 
 
 H 
 < 
 H 
 to 
 
 » 
 
 Pm 
 
 o 
 
 U3 
 H 
 U 
 
 t3 
 P 
 
 o 
 Pi 
 
 Ph 
 
 p? 
 
 u 
 
 p$ 
 
 <N CS Cv) -J< 
 
 «c -t" -* 
 
 (N CO O 
 
 O ITS O O O CS r-( 
 
 --}< -f O I— I CO "* »o 
 <M^IM^ OO 1— <^"^ O 
 
 CO CO O r-< 
 
 "-I -* Ci 
 
 O'i'C-lt^ClirsTrfcct^-fciiccoh^'O 
 
 ' C5 O Oi O -f CI CI -^ Cs 00 O CI <N uO t— 
 
 ■ t^^C '~'„'^^"v'-'^ r~ CC r— I -f CI O CC 05 
 
 ■ o'co .-roc'co^io'cracTcf i~~'~oo'~o~ cTo" 
 
 •in^dt^CiOCOCi iftOCCI rff— I 
 C^ Ci_ t— ■*_C1_ ^^ ^O CO o 
 
 c^~ cfi-T o'~"*"cf cT 
 
 COCOC50^ClC1C")iOt~Cll^iCClcO 
 
 ocoooocoioio-ot^cooooiocri 
 
 O^O^'^^O^O^-^ .-H^O_Ci irt Ci CO 00 CO 
 
 b-"o"-t~cfr-''f-rt--'~t--'"c<fo"^'~o" o'oo" 
 1— loaoorH oo-t<-+co c^to 
 
 1— I O I— I Oi -^ o 
 
 -<#.— lOCQOiAcoTfcocir-Hocr^coo 
 
 »0>O05-*CJ0>Ot^r0ClC03Ct^ClC0 
 
 lO irt t^ '-i'~l-"'^'--i-'~^'^'-'i'~„^„'^ "^^Oi 
 co^cf oo'o^^'o'b-'cf-o^co'cf trTu:)" 
 
 Oi -^ C^ t^ vO CO O C<) 00 r-H 
 
 r-H c^ IC c^ 
 
 
 oO'-iCJOiftCit-ri'TfOr^ciooococq 
 
 COCOiOCOiOOOOCOiO>00"*t^-^'00 
 
 Oi-HCTiC^oooxoooor^' 
 
 C<l'Oi— icOOiO^H-l-OCOOCCOCl^'OO 
 i—iOOOOiOuOOCsooC^-*-*!— or— 
 
 «:><£)■<* t^ <o Tfi lO ■* t~ -^ 00 00 C<i 
 
 ,2 2 c 3 
 
 
 a -3 
 
 
 :^ c ^ •-- !>• ■" ^' u ^ * •* •— c 2 
 
 I 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 17 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 H 
 
 <1 
 
 H 
 
 CO 
 
 {» 
 
 » 
 
 H 
 
 Ps 
 
 O 
 
 {» 
 H 
 O 
 
 P 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 P4 
 
 <1 
 
 « . 
 
 o o 
 
 o 1—1 00 as 
 o o 00 ^ 
 
 O O^O^CO^ 
 lO O O iC 
 
 O Ci_ ■*„ 
 I— Too" ^"^ 
 
 00 
 
 O O 00 M ■* M -^ 
 
 m o to i-H ira o kO 
 
 00^t~ 00^':O_00_^<M_^i-<^ 
 
 r—{ O CO lO 00 1— I 
 
 of incP 
 
 o <o O I— I 
 lo •* I— I o 
 t- oO O 
 
 
 • lO I— I <M (M t~ 
 
 • Tt< O <^0 t^ 'id^ 
 . lO O lO O Ci 
 
 • o~o'""*"oo'~co'" 
 
 • lO O C5 lO 
 
 CO rH 
 
 o o 
 
 OS CO 
 
 ^ (M G5 t- C5 O '30 CO .30 CO C5 C-1 
 
 O C3 r— I X) '*^^„t~-;,t^„'^l„<^„'^.,^„ 
 
 oo"co".-ro"i--^crco~^"Tf"ao'~co~co" 
 Ci<MO(MO'*'— l00t^-*OO 
 0>'*i»0 "^ 1— IC5 1—1 oo 
 
 t\ 
 
 "-« ^r\ ^ "- «— ' r/1 ^ '-i -^ d> 
 
 ^ ^ b 
 
 3-^-3 S S S o J;S;^ ° o S 
 
 
 i: 
 
 
 O VO m O 
 
 0Q>10 t- 
 
 • >rt 
 
 t- 
 
 
 
 I— 1 OO o o 
 
 ■ <^ 
 
 
 
 Tt< (Nt~ 
 
 as cn> (M lo 
 
 
 
 
 t-. 
 
 b~ 
 
 00 t^ 
 
 oo 
 
 • t- 
 
 00 
 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 
 
 b-d 
 
 lO 
 
 
 
 T(< 
 
 
 I— 1 
 
 T— 1 
 
 
 of 
 
 O t^ «3 
 
 • en ut 
 
 O O CO 1-rl 00 o 
 
 00 
 
 
 • 00 «: 
 
 o a> oo CO "*! lO 
 
 
 CO 1—1 
 
 . O O 1— 1 t^ CO 1— J^O^"*„ 
 
 t-t 
 
 
 • lO 
 
 t^ CO 
 
 oo 1— 1 o 
 
 00 
 
 
 . CO 
 
 (M as 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 «o 
 
 r-H 
 
 
 O lO 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 
 t- 
 
 
 (M 
 
 
 
 
 i—i 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 O oo O O CO OJ t— o 
 
 o 
 
 t^ UO -^ I— 1 
 
 OOOIb-t^CO^OlOO 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 Oqr-lOO 
 
 oq CO 1— 1 00 ^ '~i,'^l. 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 Tt^ 
 
 i-( -*Oi 
 
 1—1 
 
 1— ( 
 
 CO 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 . • • t— 
 
 • CO t~ 00 OS 
 
 • m 
 
 • Oi 
 
 t^ 
 
 . . .00 
 
 • ^ Ol 00 
 
 • OS 
 
 • CO 
 
 
 . . . t^ 
 
 o 
 
 . lO 
 
 • 1—1 
 
 Th 
 
 . . • t^ 
 
 1—1 
 
 o 
 1—1 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 
 
 kO O Oi O OS t- 0-T '--O -ti itO oo lO 1— 1 "* 00 
 
 oor-'Oi— i-^-*oioooiiiooig5io05 
 O OS 1— 1 >o •* t~ t"^^ '^„'^„^„'-'l,'-i,^^„ 
 of co"o"of oo^oo^irTt-' of o"io~o~Tt<'oo"ar 
 
 OOOOCqi-KMuOi-li-i-^Olt- CO 
 
 00 
 CO 
 
 I— 1 
 
18 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 O 
 
 «2 
 
 13 
 
 CO 
 
 % 
 
 M 
 P 
 
 «j 
 P4 
 
 M 
 H 
 
 Ph 
 
 O 
 
 09 
 
 H 
 
 P 
 
 o 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 r-iaoco-H-rrsi— i<MOC'ic5»-ic<i»rtt^ 
 
 o 
 
 
 s so 
 
 CI ^0 -T t~ " — 1 O O O t~ CC 00 t^ C<l o 
 
 o 
 
 
 <c^ 
 
 O CO Ol C-^O^O^l-^X;,^^— - C-1 (N O Xi t^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 X - 
 
 i-ro-f--4^cc"cf arcr-r''i-"x'"cfo'"i="cro~ 
 
 -*" 
 
 
 ? >> 
 
 O C5 tt 1— 1 ct O cr- t- C5 C 1 — 1 ^ rt oc ■» 
 
 o 
 
 i 
 
 5s 2 
 
 CO i-( l~ >-<, ^'■^ :■- >rt Cl O ro 00 
 
 C5, 
 
 T 
 
 m 
 H 
 
 S 
 
 i-T i-T rt~ 
 
 t-^ 
 
 '3 m 
 
 ro t^ o rt o t~ -w o uo — 1 ^ O o o ^ 
 
 Tj* 
 
 ■< 
 
 C^ 
 
 CI C-1 C5 -^ r^ l-~ CI CO CI rc I— 1 CI O rs >0 
 
 CI 
 
 H 
 
 e — 
 
 ci^ro^-f^uc^uo -T}H^c.^>-<^-»'^ri ci^-o^cJ^rt^-3^ 
 
 c^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 CJ w 
 
 cr-^^xTo"!-^ ^o"o~i~~'~t-^ cf o"t--^o"L.o~ 
 
 '^^ 
 
 
 
 -TOOirjccaCwOCrt-oro-^X'-i'^ci 
 
 CO 
 
 3 2 
 
 o^x<^o^cc o^r-H^-o oc^ro^o ci_ci oi -^r >.c 
 
 o^ 
 
 no 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 ^"i-Tr-T Tj-^cT c-o''^'~ar-*"c<r x^cfi-T 
 
 OO 
 
 
 
 f— H r-H 
 
 •o 
 
 
 oomoot^Oirot-occ5T}<cc«oot^ia 
 
 Ci 
 
 Eh 
 
 
 1— 1 C^ -O -rfi rt 7t o M ^ O ro re i^ ^ O 
 
 CI 
 
 "o m 
 
 >— 1 lO t^ d O -I" cc -rr w ^H i^ CI ^•; C5 1^ 
 
 CO^ 
 
 
 
 
 ^•2 
 
 t— CI t- ro o t- C-. I- n 1 ~ o 1^ -+ ^ O 
 
 t-^ 
 
 Eh 
 
 ^-" 
 
 ic 00 o ci o c; o i^ o CI t~ x -o ro CO 
 
 Ol 
 
 O 
 
 
 O 1— 1 Ci CI >— 1 ri< u-Tl — C5 -^ *'■: 1— 1 00 
 
 h- 
 
 oa 
 
 
 Cf I-T r^ cf 
 
 cf 
 
 Eh 
 O 
 
 ft 
 o 
 
 
 
 r-l 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 
 
 
 cq 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 rs ^ ' ' 
 
 
 fk 
 
 
 ' ' ' ' ' eS c4 ' 
 
 
 
 OQ 
 
 ' > • < ■ .E .S ■ ■ 
 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 Eh 
 
 EH 
 
 09 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -2 5 4^ -g ^ 1 •= Cjj t ^ 1 S E? 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 <;-<C;;s,wUi^?^;5r^;<^::cHr->- 
 
 
 
 "3 . 
 
 0'*C5'-l'— lOCO-^CiCOt— 0-*C10 
 
 X 
 
 
 =!£ 
 
 o 
 
 
 X~l 
 
 o'j-rtcot— oioca^ooocj»oco-*o 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ec X 
 
 COOO^CiCSClt^OO'-t'OOCii— I 
 
 X 
 
 • 
 
 s = 
 
 O w CO CI CC lO O ^H o I.C O M -^ CO 
 
 X 
 
 •o 
 
 o O 
 
 CXI O CO !— 1 CO I—I I— 1 t~-^00 00 C<l 1— 1 
 
 x^ 
 
 00 
 
 T 
 
 n 
 
 I— 1 
 
 o" ' 
 
 
 icoocooomciocior^-HCioo-^co 
 
 CO 
 
 H 
 
 "si 
 
 in C5 o a-.' CI -o >-H cr> I— 1 o o cj lo r- f— 1 0-3 
 
 X 
 
 <! 
 
 §-„ 
 
 00 cc^t-^o^O_ci_io^co ;c C5_»o^ci_Tj- r-H^x^o_ 
 
 t^ 
 
 EH 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 t- «> 
 
 1— r-f'~^"^X~crt-^ co^cf t-Tsc^co' cf acTrjr 
 
 o" 
 
 s s 
 
 O O O QC 1^ i-O t~ t- O O -O OJ ^ O CO 
 
 o 
 
 f^ 
 
 s © 
 
 00 'X_>.C C-? C:^— . 0^'-H_X uC^CI ^•: CO X O 
 
 00^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 no 
 
 I-T co" co" cf ^^ o" x" o" cT crT o" c^"t— r o"'*" 
 
 Oi' 
 
 C4 
 
 
 1— li-HrH I— I--H 1—1 ClO-^ C<l 
 
 "* 
 
 
 
 1—1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 O-^COt^X-tOCOOOi-I^OC^t^CO 
 
 1—1 
 
 
 c^vrti— ixcr.cocoxt^csot— t^C3r-(o 
 
 1-^ 
 
 CH 
 
 "o i 
 
 lO T 1— 1 CI X O r-l CI -f CT CO CC O O l-~ C5 
 
 Cl^ 
 
 
 
 
 § 
 
 1- 
 
 KCl^OOcc-^iOCOXO^Oi— iCiOcO 
 
 I-T 
 
 C5 lo ^ 1- o X -r o t~ 1^ o X CI o o 
 
 •* 
 
 CO 
 
 
 Tj'r— icccocoiftOi— icooi— 1^1— i-^ca 
 
 o^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 EH 
 
 
 (NCI rt Cli-l OOtH CO 
 
 aP 
 
 & 
 O 
 
 
 1— 1 1—1 
 
 CO 
 
 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 '.','.'.«,','.' 1 
 
 
 >J 
 
 
 1 1 ' „ ' tH ' ' ' ' 
 
 
 <! 
 
 TO 
 
 ",'.:§,'^" rt-o' 
 
 
 >5 
 
 'A 
 Eh 
 
 ^ 1 1 HJ 1 tC ^ 1 -r r- ' 
 
 (-• '♦^ r* -^ S rt rti O ""^ KH r* '^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 19 
 
 BECAPITULATION. FREE STATES. 
 
 Hay, - - - 28,427,799,680 lbs 
 
 Hemp, 443,520 
 
 Hops, ----- 3,463,176 
 Flax, ----- 3,048,278 
 Maple Sugar, - - 32,161,799 
 Tobacco, - - - 14,752,087 
 Wool, ----- 39,647,211 
 Butter and Cheese, 349,860,783 
 Beeswax and Honey, 6,888,368 
 
 a 1-2 c. 
 
 5 
 
 15 
 10 
 
 8 
 10 
 35 
 15 
 15 
 
 ^142,138,998 
 
 - - 22,176 
 
 - - 519,476 
 
 - - 304,827 
 
 - 2,572,943 
 
 - 1,475,208 
 
 - 13,876,523 
 
 - 52,479.117 
 
 - 1,033;255 
 
 Total, - - $28,878,064,902 lbs., valued as above, $214,422,523 
 EECAPITULATION. — SLAVE STATES. 
 
 Hay, - - - 
 
 Hemp, - - - - 77,667,520 
 Hops, ------ 33,780 
 
 Flax, 4,766,198 
 
 Maple Sugar, - - 2,088,687 
 Tobacco, - - - 185,023,906 
 Wool, - - - - 12,797,329 
 Butter and Cheese, 68,634,224 
 Beeswax and Honey, 7,964,760 
 Cotton, - - - 978,311,600 
 Cane Sugar, - - 237,133,000 
 Rice, (rough) - 215,313,497 
 
 2,548,636,160 lbs. a 1-2 c. - - - - $12,743,180 
 
 ------ 5 " 3,883,376 
 
 15 " 5,067 
 
 10 « 476,619 
 
 8 » 167,094 
 
 10 « 18,502,390 
 
 35" 4,479,065 
 
 15 " 10,295,133 
 
 15" 1,194,714 
 
 8 " 78,264,928 
 
 7 « 16,599,310 
 
 4 " 8,612,539 
 
 Total, 
 
 4,338,370,661 lbs., valued as above, at $155,223,415 
 
 TOTAL DIFFERENCE. — POUND-MEASURE PRODUCTS. 
 
 Free States, 
 Slave States, 
 
 Pounds. Vahhe. 
 
 28,878,064,902 $214,422,523 
 
 4,338,370,661 155,223,415 
 
 Balance in pounds, 24,539,694,241 DiflFerence in value, $59,199,108 
 
20 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 
 d 
 
 
 1 
 
 Q • •>,0 00 '»0>OOiCOOOiO 
 •o • • t- C-1 ro • t- O r-( c; 1- Ol lO t- 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 QO 
 
 [ 
 
 Sx' 
 
 • . r— 1 1— ( ,— ( . 1— I r-1 r— 1 C^ 
 
 CO_ 
 
 
 
 ■*::-•: 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 cq 
 
 a 
 
 Eh 
 
 ri'^ 
 
 
 rH 
 
 i 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 a" 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 CQ 
 
 ^ 
 
 u 
 
 iO(NO •O-tOCOOOTft^,— 1,— lOOO 
 
 UO 
 
 i 
 
 
 'S 
 
 
 N 
 
 ►-( 
 
 Uj 
 
 >— 1 CI CM • I— 1 CI i-H Ol I— 1 CO rn 1— 1 CI C-1 i-H 
 
 t- 
 
 j 
 
 
 J=; z t z 
 
 
 H 
 
 ! o 
 
 ■6^ 
 
 
 C^ 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 g 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ ppf C^ ,-1 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 c-3 
 
 • • • • t^ 1— 1 -GO • • u-:) • t^ • o 
 
 • • • • ,— ( . i-H . . rl • 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 *^ 
 
 
 [^ 
 
 < = 
 
 "1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 fe 
 
 =: 1 
 
 „• 
 
 
 Ci 
 
 
 
 
 
 C-ICCO -0000 ".-HClOOtMOJ 'CO 
 
 ' ' 
 
 
 h^ 
 
 ^aJ 
 
 II 
 
 1— ll-l<N -r-lr-l •C1rtCqr-(r-lr-l -l-l 
 
 o 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
 en 
 W 
 
 2:? 
 
 
 
 1— 1 
 
 g 
 
 -< 
 
 
 
 
 lO "i— iiCOX ■CCCs^Ht^QCt^iOt^ 
 
 f— 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 1—1 I— ( • 1— 1 I-H r-H 
 
 CJ 
 
 
 OQ 
 
 _ . • 
 
 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 P 
 
 £'^ 
 
 
 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 TO 
 
 
 II 
 
 
 <; 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 *>{ 
 
 o 
 
 
 > 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 » 
 
 
 
 
 » 
 
 O 
 
 r. 
 
 .'.'.'.' 1 ' g g- ,' , 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 O 
 
 •< 
 
 < 
 
 Alabama, 
 Arkansas, - 
 Delaware, 
 Florida, 
 Georfjjia, - 
 Kentucky, - 
 Louisiana, 
 Maryland, - 
 Mississippi, 
 Missouri, - 
 North Caroli 
 South Caroli 
 Tennessee, 
 Texas, - - 
 Virginia, - 
 
 
 1 ^ 
 o 
 
 o 
 « 
 o 
 
 -«! 
 
 
 Wheat, - 
 Oats, - 
 Rye, 
 
 Indian Corn, 
 Irish Potatoes, 
 
 
 B 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 kCuOOOOOOO "O -i-tiOCC • 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ .n 
 
 CC rH O O C-l t- •* (M • O • 1- O t- . 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 O 3 
 
 I— li— ll— Ir— li— It— IC^ .t— 1 . t— li-H . 
 
 1— 1 
 
 : 
 
 3 
 
 
 'T 
 
 ^ CO CO CO (N CO CO ro CO (N CO (N -coco 
 
 o 
 
 1 
 
 
 PEI 
 
 ^ 
 
 "1 
 
 CO 
 
 H 
 
 — 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 ■d'= 
 
 
 Tj< 
 
 
 J 
 
 2- - _ . 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 -< 
 
 .— 
 
 *"*cx) ■ "CO • • "r— ifti • "O • 
 
 r^ 
 
 O 
 
 2^-oow.o 
 
 
 
 
 •1— Ir-H • -r-l • • •!— I(M . -(M • 
 
 O 
 
 1— 1 
 
 o 
 
 i-l C^r-lcOC^ 
 
 
 H 
 
 P* 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 h-( 
 
 
 
 
 fe 
 
 
 
 
 
 El 
 
 < 
 ij 
 
 
 
 
 .i 
 
 rH OJ O <0 • O «0 O «0 Ut> r-l 'O • lO 
 
 >o 
 
 
 o 
 
 £7 
 
 11 
 
 C 3 
 
 (N (N (M CO • (N (N CO (M (N (M -CO -CO 
 
 CO 
 
 
 
 
 
 » 
 rt 
 
 Oh 
 
 ''5 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 U 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 «2 
 
 ~d 
 
 _• ^ C-1 -+ O O O -H — 1 CJ CJ O ■ CO rt< 
 
 I— 1 
 
 o 
 
 h 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 H 
 
 ^5 
 
 
 1— 1 
 
 « 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ai 
 
 »(« 
 
 
 1 ' 1 1 1 1 1 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 O} 
 
 X 
 
 
 ' 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 p^ 
 
 Q 
 
 
 III „ ' • 1 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 « 
 
 
 ' , ' , ' ' £ ' ' . ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 P^ 
 
 o 
 
 
 , ^ . '^ ' , .2 _- ' 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 k] 
 
 < 
 
 
 3 .SE^-SS^ipiS.c 
 
 
 
 
 1 - o 
 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 iii '.ctI.I^^^ f::|| 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 o— e r^ ^ Jl'JZ <" "^ «J-c S^ u:- 
 
 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Oats, 
 Rye, • 
 Indian 
 Irish P( 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 J 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 21 
 
 o 
 
 < 
 H 
 
 CO 
 
 W 
 H 
 
 P 
 
 Ph 
 
 W 
 H 
 
 CO 
 
 >-l 
 
 H 
 
 CO 
 
 o 
 n 
 
 n 
 
 <{ 
 «} 
 
 p^ 
 
 Pm 
 
 Pm 
 O 
 
 1^ 
 
 P 
 
 < 
 
 ft 02 
 
 A 
 
 S I 
 
 ft CO 
 
 ft 
 
 ■^^O-*»OOC000i— lOOOOOOOIC-IiO 
 
 ) "-t* T— I O O as CO 00 «3 CO C5 <^t. CI I— I rH 
 
 ) o cc o lo c-i^w o lO o <^|.o_"*„'~-:,'^ 
 
 r O" O" r4~ |>r o" '-<"i--'" 1-h" t-T Co" of r-T ^" CO" 
 < CC rO C5 O r-H CO <0 lO (M 00 lO <>l^t--_-^ 
 .-O CiOrHOt^OOt^rHOCO Co"cO 
 ? ^ I— I 1— I (M 
 
 mo-3 0"0(MCCOOCS)OOt-"2 
 
 00 >-l O .X '-C O Ci O CO O O CO o 
 Tf CO O O t~ >0 C^_C0___iO^t— i^CC^O^t-;,' 
 
 co'co'co ^"cr^cf '3c"-j~o'~f£f;-"c:f r^ 
 
 O) rH M S CO i^ -^ <^„^^=^^'^„"^„"*. 
 
 O C-l 
 
 r^ O 
 1— < lO 
 
 / t— I o 00 lo 1— I cYT' t^ CO o cx> ■* i-H T-H iM in 
 I— icscio-^-tc-ioomooocio 
 
 o'"t-''cro~oc"--r52 t^co'^h-'^t-"o"92 c<ro" 
 
 I o o 00 oc^t-^o^'^.,c-^-+_oo^t-_^o,g ^J-^^ 
 
 (M (M (M ""^ r-f I— I I— < r-H 1— I OO 
 
 I &?- 
 
 ^OOr-lt^OuOi— It^Cl^OCCOOCOCRr 
 (MC£)lOl— ICOOCOrHCNi— IO00-^OO< 
 
 lO c; oo o ^ CO C5 co^i— j^O^'O^'— i^o^o^LO^t 
 t-rao"oc"oro"o' io~co"crco"i-H~crararo"! 
 
 t^j—irO'OOCO'-r'OCOOCiDCOOO'OOl 
 Ci O lO O 00 t-H C<1 t^iC_0^0^>0^iO^'0^i— <^i 
 
 co"-Ttrcsfco"t-"t-"(>f-^'"i--^-^''o"i-r(M"t— "o": 
 
 £fi:t^ O-*''-<«0^HlOi0(Mt^t~C<lr-IO' 
 '^^^^ ,-1 rHiOCO'* 
 
 CO O O lO ^ CO ^ l^ CO (M CO 00 O O O CO 
 l-~ '^ XI CO «D t^ !M OI t- i-O OG -+ -*• 00 CO t-~ 
 r-4 C) c-l O r-H t- C-. ^30 '-'^.,'^„'-l,^„^.,^'~lv 
 
 r-Toi c-f t-^i— TcTo^x'^cN odV3"crcrt--.'~i-H o 
 
 O O I - O C-I ^ O tM CI CO t^ CO r— I O ^ Ol 
 "■ 1 O >0 GO O iro CO lO o_>o^-*^ci^o cc^o 
 - -^"o" r-Tof r-Ti-Tof Co'^t-.'^QO'^ i-T 
 
 ۩^ci 
 
 )iot-ci^cooc^a2Tfiococ<ioo 
 i lo CI r~ t-:,t-;,'^„'^. "*„•>•„ ^„^„^^^„ 
 roD"ci Lra"t-^oo'"i-rci o"i-h'o"ci CO t-- 
 
 jt^OOO-^Ot^t— (--'MOCO-^O 
 I -i+i CO t~ O O 00 CO^"^^"— 1,'^„'^„^.^°0„ 
 
 rcf c>o"crcroo''oo"o"co'"-Tt<'~r--] I— I CI ■* 
 
 Id 1— I t— -:f -^ '—' 
 
 (» 
 
 m 
 
 11 
 
 : 
 
 1 
 
 : 
 
 1 
 
 1 1 1 1 
 
 1 
 
 , ' 
 
 
 s 
 
 t« 
 
 c; 
 
 «3 
 
 ' 
 
 
 «3 
 
 1 
 
 
 7> 
 
 
 r1 
 
 .:s ii n =3 tc' s t; P 
 
 r/1 
 
 «;.s 
 
 to 
 
 C 
 
 is 
 
 ^ 
 
 cjj S "7 T 2 o =* - 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 O C •= C- 5 J; O C 
 
 ^ ?f 
 
 
 < 
 
 <5fi 
 
 ci o c t2 ::;; ;z: • . 
 
 .^ 
 
 
 9§^ 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 , 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 , 
 
 1 
 
 d 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 s 
 
 1 
 'o 
 
 
 o 
 
 .s 
 
 '3 
 
 2§ 
 
 5 
 
 .of 
 
 s . Hanipsli 
 ^. Jersey. 
 
 ^. York. 
 
 d 
 
 
 o 
 S 
 
 G 
 
 5 
 ■n 
 
 dos^SHSSSS:«5^i^c^P5t>fs 
 
22 THE UNION. 
 
 KECAPITULATION FREE STATES. 
 
 Value of Live Stock. ----------- $286,376,541 
 
 Value of Animals slaughtered. --------- 56,990,237 
 
 Value of Farms, Farming Implements and Machinery. - 2,233,058,019 
 
 Total. - - - $2,570,425,397 
 
 RECAPITULATION — SLAVE STATES. 
 
 Value of Live Stock. - - $253,723,687 
 
 Value of Animals slaughtered. --------- 54,388,377 
 
 Value of Farms, Farming Implements and Machinery. - 1,183,995,274 
 
 Total. $1,492,107,338 
 
 DIFFERENCE IN VALUE — FARMS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 
 
 Free States. $2,576,425,397 
 
 Slave States. 1,492,107,338 
 
 Balance in favor of the Free States. - $1,084,318,059 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 23 
 
 to 
 
 CO 
 
 pq 
 
 H 
 
 •< 
 
 H 
 CO 
 
 a> 
 
 W 
 H 
 
 PR 
 O 
 
 P 
 
 pq 
 
 H 
 Ph 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 O 
 
 n 
 P 
 
 m 
 
 H 
 
 O 
 
 lis 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 I— I CO -o 
 
 Ol Ci rH 
 
 00 05 l^ 
 
 ooo. 
 
 O CO 
 
 QO •* 
 
 ccco 
 
 TT< 'CO 
 CI lO 
 
 to O 
 cCio" 
 
 (MOO 
 
 » 
 
 t- ^ o 
 
 CO C^ >— 1 
 
 o lo lo 
 
 O 00 
 
 OO O 
 OO C-1 
 
 ,-1 00 
 O CM 
 
 oo l^tl CO 
 
 o o 
 
 CO CO 
 
 coo 
 oo O 
 
 o o 
 
 T-H t^ 
 
 C5 CO 
 
 I— 1 1^ 
 
 lO o 
 
 lO t-H 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tf o lO lO O C--' "0 "O (M t— uo ;^ (M CO 
 
 r, oocoooo-tot~-oi~coQr-(ao 
 
 (M ,-1 00 lo o r-H 00 -^_^io o^ o^ •?;_ =^','~~„ 
 
 o" aT-^'cTof -*"t1^ of o" o' o' od oo"<m 
 
 CO r-l 1— I C 1 <M O CO CO O O O 
 
 Qi <M 
 
 
 as CO Ci 
 
 t-<M O 
 
 CO 00 lO 
 
 I& 
 
 CO-rfOsOCOi— IOiOt~COOi 
 
 ■^ t— t-- 00 r^ ■— 1 o CO oo o lO 
 
 ■•!t" t^ CO t^"^ i-O O^CS^CO^iO^^ 
 
 t-Tco^^^t— "t-To o"o"o^'-^"5o" 
 
 <M 1-H 73' r-H 1^ O O CO C3 ■* 
 
 Oi ,-i Q.\ t^ CO CO^UO lO 
 
 T+l CO I— I 
 
 O -^ CO 
 
 o t^ >o 
 
 o^oo_^o^ 
 
 CM t--* 
 (M 00 lO 
 
 oo" 
 
 l^irt— (COt^OOCOQOCOCOt^- 
 O CM O o:| 00 CO -+i CO (M CO lO 
 C-1 Ci_0 lO CO c^_— *„'^„^„^„<^„ 
 
 r-To ccTi—T I— Tt^ rt< CO >o -^ 
 
 lo Ci CO CO -* t— CO cr^ t— 
 
 (Xi ,— I lO t~;,^ ^■'„'^'^ ^'~' 
 
 ■^co oo~ co" c<i 
 
 <M rH 
 
 <M b- b O CO CM O CO <M Ol O O CO rH (M 
 
 CO I— I t^ CO lO [^ "*,^^ ^„'^l,"^„'"^'~^ - '. 
 
 cf t-^co'Vo" "^"-"^"o^r^ ^i" 'rTt; 't! ^ 12 
 
 Ci CO lO O t-^ O CO CI O O O lO t-H 
 
 ,—1 CO O rH -ct< CO 
 
 
 -^ S^ o, 
 
 > CO -u -S 
 
 ^ a § .5 rt s * J > ^ fe o 
 
 a 2 i^t 
 
 >^ 
 
24 
 
 
 
 THE UNION. 
 
 
 o 
 »o 
 
 GO 
 
 T-t 
 
 1 
 CO 
 
 <; 
 
 H 
 
 03 
 
 5 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 g 
 n 
 
 o 
 Pi 
 
 t3 
 
 IS- 
 P4 
 
 ^COOOi— IOO»Ot^'#MO'*C5C100 
 cOOXCil^OOcOCJt^iO-^OCOcpo 
 
 '*" co" od ■*" ^cT^'UD CI t-^ cf ^ cT 
 
 CJ CO rH rH r-( CI 
 
 CO " 
 
 
 O c 
 
 ^ioiooMTti-.*icco>nioiACiOco 
 O o Tf o CO CO t~ -Tf c) :^ C) --£: t~ C-. CT> 
 0_O^C5_0, ■^„t-. O ^ ^^O CI X^CI CJ o_ 
 o'-t'x't-' o"o X CO ~rc5 cj ^"lo o cT 
 lO CI r — t CO o .— 1 >« CO t^ i« u- t^ CO O 
 
 Tj-^^c^-; Oi lO TT CO c~ t~ X O CI O Ci O —1 
 
 co" cf in cfo'-*-' r-ic: t-To^-o" x" 
 
 ^ r-H — 1 >-H 
 
 X 
 
 Ci 
 CJ 
 
 . 3 
 
 c 
 c 
 
 xooxmcoxcixi.oi.ocoxxr^ 
 t^cocirocjx-rocoo-r— icocox 
 
 X_-*_O^CO^i.O^'^^C2 I— O CI C3 O -rf O CO 
 
 x" r-T cTx" cT x" o" i~-'~ cf cT — " c -f x" "o" uo" 
 
 CO o ■* (« X X CI r- (- -r — "c: c) -o o 
 
 iO^O 0_CO 0_>O^CO^-:r C-- t ~ r-i o t~ ^-< t~ 
 
 ■*" T^" i-r.^t^c^foffo'crt-^cTrTrcr 
 
 ^ CI CO O^ CI 
 
 cq 
 
 o 
 
 co' 
 
 --0 
 
 GO 
 
 El 
 
 -< 
 
 oa 
 
 -«! 
 CO 
 
 Alabama, - - 
 Arkansas,- - 
 Delaware, - - 
 Florida, - - 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Kentucky, - 
 Louisiana, - - 
 Maryland, - 
 Mississippi, - 
 Missouri,- - 
 N. Carolina, 
 S. Carolina, 
 Tennessee, - 
 
 Texas, 
 
 Virginia, - - 
 
 
 •6 
 
 We 
 
 •^ O >-0 CI 1^ X X O CI ^ O C5 O -H uO o 
 
 cc r- -o -r o 1- CO CI Ci 1— 1 -f X o X -f X 
 C5^r~^o^co_^t-^o_05^ci__o^co_co^-:r^t--_x_-T)<^o_ 
 co"r-''cf-*"n-rx'"o'~Grt-'~h-'~cr^'~o'~o"x'~o" 
 
 '^ 1— 1 r-H ■ Oi'-O CJ 30 Ci O Tf C) 
 
 1—1 —lr-t_ 
 
 lO 
 
 X 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 t^xt^ciu:>cidO-*o>oxo--ot~-x 
 
 o -f X o r~ o "t" o .— 1 c-o o c^o -H t^ t- -:*< 
 i-H CO c-t) o X ^„'-H,ci^'— ;,tn."'l"'„^„'~; ^„^ 
 o o'lrfr-i^cr o~t-^-»<"cf -r'-t^cTco^M?"— ."cf 
 
 O Ci X rj< O O O CO -*• X O .— 1 1^ Cl O X 
 
 o X o5 ci ci r- CO m ca^^ c; c: -t_c-. o co 
 r-T co^o" t^" ^"^ -*~ ^o" «o~ x" cf cT cT -^-'~ cf uo" co" 
 
 ^Cl 1— X .-H Cl C5 Cl Ci 1— 1 
 
 1— 1 
 
 uO 
 
 o 
 o" 
 
 CI 
 
 o" 
 
 CO 
 
 ^ 3 
 
 c 
 c 
 
 C^CICOt-iCOifSiO'^COOCiClOXOX 
 (M O t^ >C X CO tT CI O X -:}. LO .-H O CJ O 
 
 m ^ o '^c 1^ i-H ^ X o o CI CI C-. CI ci o 
 CI O -o CI — ."-f' r~ o"-r"cc' r- r-' -+~rt d c-f 
 o .— 1 CO c) ic ;c c-T I ~ -o — < c -^ -r o r~ C5 
 
 X .-H CI C-. O -.C — ' Cw rt t~_uO o^c o >.o CI 
 CI uo^h-' X c>?"-f — '' O co' cT l-T of 0~cf oc C5 
 
 ^ T^ ^ r-l CI O -^ CI CO CO O CI 
 ^ l-l C^ rH 
 
 X 
 
 o 
 
 X 
 CI 
 X 
 
 W 
 
 H 
 
 E-> 
 CO 
 
 California, - - 
 Connecticut, 
 
 Illinois, 
 
 Indiana, 
 
 Iowa, 
 
 Maine, 
 
 . Ma.-^sacbusetts, 
 
 Michigan, 
 
 N. Ilainp.sbiie, 
 N. Jersey,- - 
 New York, - - 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 Penn.sylvania, 
 Rhode Island, 
 \ennont, - - 
 Wisconsin, - - 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 25 
 
 
 M 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 a§: 
 
 O O Ol (M O :o O O ro M O O 
 O O CO O^O^CO^O^O^C^^O^c;3^<M^ 
 
 0~ o" -+" cT r-H~ -r"" o~ o" t-^ t— " o~ 'xT 
 
 O lO oo 1~ CO lTS C-l O -* ^ CO o 
 O (N O >— I t^ ^„iO O^Q0_^"^_^'^^ 
 
 O O <M CO CO t~ O O CI O 00 t^ O 
 
 CICOOO'OO'— icOt— lOOOt— 
 
 1— 1 
 
 ■* 
 
 • 00 O r-l rt< 
 
 • CO o • 
 
 •Ci 
 
 lO 
 
 I— < 
 
 .0^00 00 
 ^ i-H T-l 
 
 • ^ lO • 
 
 , 1—1 
 
 ۩^ 
 
 p 
 P<) 
 
 H 
 
 n 
 
 <5 
 
 o 
 
 M 
 <1 
 P^ 
 
 n 
 
 <i 
 
 CO 
 
 <1 
 
 o 
 
 s 
 
 c3 "^ - 
 
 >^ ^ r- Oh « a <» 1 
 
 i-H vO 
 -:l^~co' 
 <M O 
 
 coo^-ti—it^cftOcooTio-^mO 
 
 C^l O <M OC Ci -# cf O O t-- 00 CO O 
 Ci O O t^ CO Ci O^vO^IM O^ -^^00^ o_ 
 
 00 O "* O t^ O -^ 00 32 i-O I— I Ci O 
 
 xo CO t— ^-< M oo_^cc_oo^t^o^o^cr^w_ 
 cxrc<rco~arc<r>o"co"i— Tt-T-^ c^ r~ »o 
 
 (M ,— iiO<Ni— li— li— lOO 1—1 
 
 c-iO'*'Ococ<|ioOic<NOc;r~io»oo 
 
 c-iooioio-i^ooo-^t^o^ocoi— ica 
 
 CO lO OO <M -*" <M. O O ^ t~_ X'^^^ ^ O 
 
 0-1 i-T r-i c-i' c-f of 
 
 ' I— I O t^ • o o 
 i CO O CO • o o 
 
 ,— I CO • rH 
 
 1 I-— Ci 1— I CO 
 I ^ 00 C-1 CO 
 1— I O C5 Ci 
 
 g O TO g 
 
 5 1^ 5? 
 
 3 c 5 
 
 J- '-C 
 
 
26 
 
 THE UNION, 
 
 BANK CAPITAL IN THE FBEE AND IN THE SLAVE STATES-1855. 
 
 FKEE STATES. 
 
 Bank Capital. 
 
 SLAVE STATES. 
 
 Bank Capital. 
 
 California - - - 
 
 
 Alabama - - - 
 
 $2,296,400 
 
 Connecticut - - 
 
 $15,.597,891 
 
 Arkansa;i - - 
 
 
 Illinoi.s - - - - 
 
 2,513,790 
 
 Delaware - - - 
 
 1,393,175 
 
 Indiana - - - 
 
 7,281,934 
 
 Florida - - - 
 
 
 Iowa - - , - - 
 
 
 Georgia - - - 
 
 13,413,100 
 
 Maine - - - - 
 
 7,301,252 
 
 Kentucky - - 
 
 10,309,717 
 
 ^Massachusetts - - 
 
 54,492,GG0 
 
 Louisiana - - - 
 
 20,179,107 
 
 Michijran - - - 
 
 980,416 
 
 Marvland - - 
 
 10,411,874 
 
 New Hampshire - 
 
 3,620,000 
 
 Mississippi - - 
 
 240,105 
 
 New Jersey - - 
 
 5,314,885 
 
 Missouri - - - 
 
 1,215,398 
 
 New York - - - 
 
 83.773,2,S8 
 
 North Carolina - 
 
 5,205,073 
 
 Ohio - - - - 
 
 7,166,581 
 
 South Carolina - 
 
 16,603,253 
 
 PeniLsylvania - - 
 
 19,864,825 
 
 Tennessee - - - 
 
 6,717,848 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 17,511,162 
 
 Texas - - - 
 
 
 Vermont - - - 
 
 3,275,056 
 
 Virginia - - - 
 
 14,033,838 
 
 Wisconsin - - 
 
 1,400,000 
 
 Total, - - - 
 
 
 Total - - - 
 
 1 
 
 $230,100,340 
 
 §102,078,940 
 
 PATENTS ISSUED ON INVENTIONS IN THE FEEE AND IN SLAVE 
 • STATES -185S. 
 
 FREE STATES. 
 
 Patents. 
 
 Slave States. 
 
 Patents 
 
 California. - - 
 
 13 
 
 Alabama. - - - 
 
 11 
 
 Connecticut. - - 
 
 142 
 
 Arkansas. - - 
 
 
 Illinois. - - - 
 
 93 
 
 Delaware. - - - 
 
 8 
 
 Indiana. - - - 
 
 67 
 
 Florida. - - - 
 
 3 
 
 Iowa. - - - - 
 
 14 
 
 Geoi'ijia. - - - 
 
 13 
 
 Maine. - - - - 
 
 42 
 
 Kentnckv. - - 
 
 26 
 
 Massachusetts. - 
 
 331 
 
 Loaisiana. - - - 
 
 30 
 
 Michigan. - - - 
 
 22 
 
 Maryland. - - 
 
 49 
 
 N. Hampshire. - 
 
 43 
 
 ]\Iississii)pi. - - 
 
 8 
 
 N. Jersey. - - - 
 
 78 
 
 Missouri. - - - 
 
 32 
 
 N. York. - - - 
 
 592 
 
 N. Caiolina. - - 
 
 9 
 
 Ohio. - - . - 
 
 139 
 
 S. Carolina. - - 
 
 10 
 
 Pennsvlviinia. 
 
 267 
 
 Tennessee. - - - 
 
 23 
 
 R. Island. - - 
 
 18 
 
 Texa-s. - . - 
 
 4 
 
 Vermont. - - - 
 
 35 
 
 Virginia. - - - 
 
 42 
 
 W iscon.sin. - - - 
 
 33 
 
 Total. - - 
 
 
 T.ital. - - 
 
 1,929 
 
 1 
 
 20S 
 
 = 
 
Add to this already overwhelming mass of evidence in 
 favor of free over slave labor, the difference in the value of 
 land iu the Free States as compared with its value in the 
 Slave, and we have every conceivable reason why Slave- 
 holders in view alone of the commercial phase of this ques- 
 tion, should gladly avail themselves of any feasible plan 
 which may embrace the principle of remuneration by which 
 they may rid themselves of a system that has been so dis- 
 astrous and unhappy in all its results, and which has so 
 astoundingly retarded the improvement of the Slave States, 
 notwithstanding their greater natural advantages of soil, 
 climate and position over those of the free. 
 
 So much, therefore, for the commercial facts of the case, 
 and now for the justice of giving freedom to the colored 
 race, and liberty and peace of mind to their masters. 
 
 Assuming to be true all that has been written and spo- 
 ken, as to the generally kind and considerate treatment of 
 the Slaves by their mastei's, and their freedom from care in 
 not having directly to provide for the creature comforts of 
 themselves and their offspring, and their being cared for 
 when sick, aged or infirm, and as a rule the greater physi- 
 cal comforts they obtain than those which the average of 
 free laborers enjoy, there is nevertheless that restless and 
 inherent desire of freedom implanted in the breast of every 
 one, which no efforts of kindness or amelioration of condi- 
 tion in other respects, be they ever so great, can ever efface. 
 When to these is added the solemn admonition, "Do unto 
 others as thou wouid'st be done by," necessity and mercy 
 to slave-owner as well as slave, alike demand an early set- 
 tlement of this question. We say to slave-oivner as well 
 as slave, for we hold that if it is the misfortune of any 
 man to be born into and trained under a system of perni- 
 cious influences, it is our duty and our privilege to use 
 every legitimate and equitable means of relieving him from 
 so uncomfortable a lot. 
 
28 THE UNION. 
 
 We have already stated our desire, that the manumis- 
 sion of the slaves should be accompanied with a fiiir and 
 equitable remuneration to their masters. Such a course 
 we not only deem to be just, but politic. 
 
 Just, under the circumstances which established and 
 sanctioned the system ; and Politic as in the absence of 
 compensation, we fail to see any probability of any other 
 mode of settlement, short of that of a servile war, entail- 
 ing consequences so calamitous to humanity, that we 
 forbear from picturing in detail, what those would be — 
 That this settlement should be effected speedily, all must 
 admit, in view of the scandal to the dignity and sovereignty 
 of our great Republic, so shamefully displayed by the 
 recriminations of so many of our public men in the Senate, 
 and the almost total suspension of the general business of 
 the Union, in a manner most humiliating to public honor 
 and virtue. Why ? Who, of what order-loving and patri- 
 otic class is there, who would not cheerfully contribute his 
 mite, to rid the Nation of so great a wrong and so huge a 
 scandal ? No, we cannot harbor a suspicion of failure on 
 the question of compensation, for however large in the aggre- 
 gate the amount may be, the question is too vast and alto- 
 gether too momentous, to allow considerations of a pecuniary 
 nature to stand in its way — there is, in all civilized communi- 
 ties, an amoimt of Philanthropy and Patriotism, which, 
 when legitimately appealed to, is ever active in doing good, 
 and which, when fairly aroused on behalf of works so import- 
 ant to humanity and public morality as the one now 
 before us, become gigantic iu their efforts and perfectly 
 astonishing in their results. Let us cite an instance — 
 when voluntary subscri])tions were invited to raise a fund 
 for the relief of those British soldiers and their families, 
 who were sufferers by the war in the Crimea, one sin- 
 gle town in Scotland — Glasgow, to wit — raised up- 
 wards of .$100,000, to the fund in qui-stion, wliile tli" 
 
THE UNION. 29 
 
 contributions throughout the country at large were perfectly 
 enormous. 
 
 Let the initiative, therefore, be taken on behalf of this 
 great question now before us, in the way we will by and by 
 suggest, and what between Philanthropical contributions. 
 State aid, and apportionment of unoccupied lands, there 
 will be means enough to settle this formidable business. 
 
 The safety and happiness of ten millions of souls, (the 
 population of the Slave States,) and the integrity and 
 dignity of the Republic are no small objects. 
 
 We have said we did not approve of Mr. Helper's pro- 
 posed allowance to the Slaves of $60 per head at the period 
 of t.heir manumission, for with such money in hand coeval 
 with the romance and novelty of their new position, who 
 will say that the most evil consequences would not result 
 from so dangerous a combination .^ we would fear any such 
 arrangement would be the inauguration of a new position 
 which might not inaptly be described as " out of the frying 
 pan into the fire." Now, in settling this question we don't 
 wish to steer from Scylla to Charybdis, nor do we desire 
 any emigration to Liberia, which by the way we can only 
 look upon as a sort of sleepy philanthropic U topia, no — 
 what we want is, that while we change the domestic or feu- 
 dal character between slave and slave owner, we do not dis- 
 turb the relation of master and servant, employer and em- 
 ployee, but on the contrary provide by such Legislative 
 enactments as may be necessary for the improvement and 
 integrity of the latter position. We have to remember 
 that the great mass of the colored race in the Southern 
 States are there in their native land, or in other words, at 
 home, and which the great bulk of them would not volun- 
 tarily desire to leave, nor would we wish to perpetrate so 
 great an injustice, either to the land-owner or laborer, as to 
 countenance any plai-i which would have a tendency to de- 
 
30 THE UNION. 
 
 prive the one of the labor necessary for the tillage of the 
 soil, or remove the other from a locality where, in addition 
 to the attraction of home associations, there would be an 
 abundance of profitable employment, stimulated as it would 
 be by the advantages of competition in the selection of in- 
 dustrious hands at good wages. 
 
 Wliile, therefore, we would give every encouragement to 
 the Negro to remain where he now is, and would stimulate 
 him to habits of industry by a principle of remuneration, 
 based on Job or Task work, prudence require? we should 
 also make provision against any attempt at indolent squat- 
 ting which might still further degenerate into a state of 
 pauperism and crime, so that while we would have every 
 encouragement to habits of industry, there would also be 
 legislative provision for the support of the aged and infirm, 
 and for the proper and efficient suppression of every descrip- 
 tion of able bodied jjauperism ; with these guards estab- 
 lished we see no reason to doubt that when manumission 
 took place the consequences of the change would be other- 
 wise than of a congratulatory character. 
 
 We have now to consider how long a period from the 
 l)assing of an act for the manumission of the slaves and 
 remuneration to their masters should be allowed to trans- 
 ]iire, before the actual manumission takes place ; and we 
 incline to think that the 1st of January, 1870, would be a 
 suitable time as regards the existing population, and that 
 all increase subsequent to the passing of the act should be 
 Irec. 
 
 We have next to consider the best mode of giving prac- 
 tical effect to the views and suggestions we have now enun- 
 ciated, and for tliis purpose we think there should in the 
 first instance be private meetings of a few of the principal 
 proj)rietnrs in each of the Slave States, at which the views 
 of those who attended such meetings would be expressed, 
 
THE UNION. 
 
 31 
 
 and some approximation made as to what, under all the 
 difficulties and peculiarities of the subject, would be a 
 proper consideration or amount of remuneration for the 
 freedom of their slaves ; such meetings to be followed by 
 a general convention, composed of three delegates appoint- 
 ed at the preliminary meetings of the separate States, who 
 would be enabled to communicate at the convention the 
 opinions prevailing in each of their respective States, and 
 by which they would be guided to some specific course of 
 action or resolutions in the matter. And now before taking 
 leave of the subject, we shall shortly advert to some of 
 the benefits which an early settlement will ensure' to the 
 important interests involved. 
 
 1st. In place of danger, alarm, and general distrust be- 
 tween the white and colored races now so generally preva- 
 lent as evidenced by recent painful occurrences in Southern 
 Virginia, there would be security, quiet, and general confi- 
 dence. 
 
 2d. Instead of a laboring population, performing the 
 work apportioned to them in a generally lazy, indolent, and 
 thoroughly indifferent manner, we would have activity and 
 energy superinduced and stimulated by a scale of payment 
 proportionate to the quality and extent of the work per- 
 formed. 
 
 3d. Instead of the Rural districts in the Southern States 
 presenting an appearance to travelers of intelligence and 
 observation causing the remark, " we always knew when we 
 were in a Slave State from the inferior cultivation and 
 general dilapidation of the buildings and fences ;" not only 
 would those things cease to be, but fertile tracts would 
 asain be cultivated and would flourish and blossom as the 
 
 rose. 
 
 4th. Instead of the white people of Europe, as well as 
 those of our own continent being indisposed to investments 
 and settlements in the Slave States — no sooner would any 
 
32 THE UNION. 
 
 enactment for the extinction of slavery pass into law, 
 than would a steady stream of emigration and investment 
 set in, and continue, until that difference in the value of 
 land between the Slave and the Free States, which now 
 exists, would cease to be. 
 
 Emigrants and Capitalists would soon find their account 
 in the delightful salubrity, great fertility, and vast mine- 
 ral riches of the South. 
 
 5th, Instead of discord, rancour, strife, violence and 
 vulgar personalities amongst so many of our public men, and 
 so seriously obstructive to public business, presenting a 
 spectacle of the most humiliating and painful description — 
 there would be order, decency, courtesy, and dignity, with 
 efficient and beneficial legislation. 
 
 Have we said enough '? we think we have, and we will 
 now, therefore, merely entreat our generous and warm- 
 hearted friends of the South, to take counsel in time, and 
 bestir themselves in assuming an early initiative, towards 
 the disposal of this all important and " iiTcpressible ques- 
 tion," counselling them to approach it in a spirit of 
 moderation and wisdom, and they may i-ely, their efi'orts in 
 the good work will be warmly and generously seconded 
 by the great mass of the well-thinking and order-loving 
 portion of the Union. 
 
 But again we say, delay not, lest " the silver cord be 
 loosened ; or the golden bowl be broken ; or the pitcher be 
 broken at the fountain ; or the wheel broken at the 
 cistern." 
 
BRADY'S PUBLISHING HOUSE. 
 
 I\o. 24 Ami direct. 
 
 FREDERIC A. BRADY, 
 
 (Successor to E. D. LONG,) 
 
 BOOKSELLER & PLT5LISHER 
 
 AXD N. Y. AOKKT rOB TBB WOBKS PCBI. SJED BT 
 
 I B. PETERSON & BROTHERS, PHILADELPHIA, 
 
 And PublLshor of CHARLES DICKENS' HOUSEHOLD WORDS, the most 
 popular Magazine of the day. Subscription, $3.00 per year. 
 
 n-qttce; to alXj. 
 
 p. A. BRADT would state that he is now sfillinpr nil his Publications at prices 
 which arc, in lh"msclvcs, a veri/ special indacemml to Dealers, whatever may 1)6 
 tlinex'ent of tlieir trade, to open accouiils with hiin His (tiscounts, as is nlrradv 
 ■vvfll I; now n, are larfier than those of any other house in tlictr.-ule; a fact 'vhich 
 will, he trustti, liuluce all dealers who are not already in correspondence with him 
 to five him a trial. 
 
 ffe deals in and supplies ezerythine of interest to the trade, and sells at prices 
 which cannot tail to ^ive the most lliorou;jh satisfaction. Booksellers and News 
 Aeeuts would do well to order direct from the Piilili.slicr, as Uiey will be supplied at 
 an earlier date than they can possibly get them from other Irouses. 
 
 ISTETT^T BOOE^S IST O "W" HE-A.^D'S'. 
 
 By G W. M. Eeynolda i Books by Popular Authors. 
 
 Empress Eu..;c..lc'« Bou- b^ljc {JriTVi^^^T.IV*!.*' P*P."' 21 
 
 dull-. r,„„„l,.i«:^ paper, w'TH^IlU-alltonutlc M 
 
 Til. Voun-; Duchess, com- Hlc liai<l of \ oik M 
 
 p , (^ ~ _ •• 5,1 IJoiijiinc of \\ar, " iit 
 
 Imogen II:irtiaii<I,...'.".*.'.!lIi " 60 ■ Sg-V.'.'Ji " '^ 
 
 Canoriltiiiy Mouse " fio . . iloua, ZS 
 
 A.la Vruiiacl. " &) . ,\".V.','f; " .. ^ 
 
 l'.lL.. ...■.■.■..■.■.■.;■.■...'.■.'.... " fri : r<lM- UniicUe,. " 2S 
 
 Knrainnu. 
 Omar Pashn. 
 
 •s Sttitt •' 25 
 
 an .loki-r, . "• 13 
 
 i<i\V \Vi>i««.l mil.' " w Uoinr's As>lst.iiit. 
 
 \va'iK»I .!..... '.■:;."!;'i".*.' •• w;"'?" '» <-«»«>»* ""•* "«»w to 
 
 Faust, " 60 
 
 rvc " 25 
 
 Home 'I'rutUs for YiiiiDB Wives " IS 
 
 . By Pierce Egan. ji^cuc-r Wru.ng M,.ae Ka.s.v... •• « 
 
 The 3,mkc In the liroM. | New Song Books, niustrated. 
 
 cimpie:.', " 50:Chnrley Fox'8 Kthloi>lan Sons 
 
 ThP KlOMcr of the I-^ock, " Ml IJonli, I3 
 
 L,a«ly Ulanchc, c'liipli-te, '* 60 (" '" ' I y's Klhloplan Joke 
 
 Kllen Akonzn, " 25 < v'l lUjou Sonjr B'*«. '^ 
 
 I. Ifc In Ok- tar West, " 2.'. < ly's KtlUoplun Joke 
 
 .Mnric l.«ssalvc, " Z->\ ISoiik. N... ;( IS 
 
 The .'Ucxican's Bride " 25iChrlsty«s Clown Joke Book, .. 13 
 
 CfV Any Work in this List will be cent to any place, (Voe of postage, on receipt of 
 pri-i'. Addn.ss n.« above. 
 
 B>F~ Brady's MniiiiiinthCatalo^e of all the best and most popular Books sent free 
 of postage- Send Casii Orders to 
 
 FREDERIC A. BRADY, « ann sraEET- N. Y. 
 
, TRRftRV OF CONGRESS 
 
 ill 
 
 011 899 85Z ^