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THE AMERICAN 
 
 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
THE 
 
 AMERICAN 
 
 MEDICAL FORMULARY: 
 
 BASED UPON 
 
 THE UNITED STATES AND BRITISH 
 PHARMACOPEIAS. 
 
 INCLUDING ALSO 
 
 NUMEROUS STANDARD FORMULA, 
 
 DERIVED FROM AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN AUTHORITIES. 
 
 TOGETHER WITH 
 
 THE MEDICAL PROPERTIES AND USES OF MEDICINES ; 
 POISONS, THEIR ANTIDOTES, TESTS ; ETC. 
 
 DESIGNED FOE, 
 
 THE MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL STUDENT. 
 
 BY JOHN J. REESE, M.D., 
 
 LECTURER ON MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS IN THE PHILADELPHIA MEDICAL INSTITUTE, 
 FELLOW OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, ETC. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA: 
 
 LINDSAY AND BLAKISTON. 
 
 1850. 
 

 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1850, 
 
 By Lindsay & Blakiston, 
 
 In the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA: 
 C. SHERMAN, PRINTER. 
 
PKEFACE, 
 
 The author of the present volume is aware that several 
 excellent works of a somewhat similar character have 
 already issued from the medical press ; and he deems it but 
 just to them, as well as to himself, to disclaim anything like 
 an invidious comparison in appropriating to his book the title 
 which it bears. The term American may, he thinks, with- 
 out impropriety, be assigned to it, since throughout the 
 work, in the description of the various medicinal substances 
 and pharmaceutical preparations, the precedence has uni- 
 formly been given to those recognised by our own national 
 pharmacopoeia. 
 
 With a very few unimportant exceptions, every article that 
 has a place in the pharmacopoeia of the United States and 
 in those of Great Britain has been here described, and its 
 medical properties and uses, as received by standard authori- 
 ties, noticed to the extent allowed by the limits of the work. 
 The design was not to write a treatise on Materia Medica and 
 Therapeutics, but simply to prepare a correct Formulary of 
 all the officinal articles, and also of the most valuable of the 
 numerous published prescriptions both of hospitals and pri- 
 vate practice, — the authority, in nearly every case, being at 
 the same time given. 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 The reader is requested to observe that when any parti- 
 cular preparation is described as recognised by the medical 
 authorities of the United States as well as by those of 
 Europe, the process adopted by the former is the one always 
 given, except in a very few cases, which are properly noted. 
 It seemed unnecessary to occupy space in detailing all the 
 other processes, inasmuch as they were either only slight 
 modifications of the one mentioned, or else were inferior to 
 it. Besides, they are all to be found in the more extensive 
 treatises on Materia Medica and Pharmacy, accessible to the 
 student. 
 
 In the general arrangement of the work, the alphabetical 
 order has been followed, for two reasons : it made it more 
 easy of reference, and it avoided the necessity of a classifica- 
 tion of the medicines, which must always be more or less 
 arbitrary, and which might very properly be dispensed with 
 in a manual like the present. It might also be observed, 
 that the alphabetical order has rendered a general index un- 
 necessary. 
 
 In the Appendix, several articles have been introduced, 
 which could not with the same propriety have been brought 
 into the body of the work, — such as a list of some of the more 
 common and useful dietetic preparations ; a brief description 
 of poisons, with reference to their treatment, antidotes, and 
 tests; a table of the most celebrated natural mineral waters 
 of the United States and Europe; a table of the doses of the 
 most important medicines, &c, — all which, it is hoped, may 
 prove acceptable to the reader, and perhaps enhance, in his 
 estimation, the value of the work. 
 
 In the execution of his task, the author has bestowed 
 considerable labour in accurately comparing every article 
 in the Formulary with the original, either directly or in- 
 directly. For this purpose he has consulted numerous 
 
PREFACE. XI 
 
 works bearing upon the subject, among which are the follow- 
 ing: — The Pharmacopoeia of the United States of America, 
 The United States Dispensatory, Ellis's Medical Formulary, 
 Beasleys Pocket Formulary, Dr. Neligan's Medicines, 
 Dunglison s New Remedies, Pereiras Materia Medica, 
 Maynes Dispensatory, Dr. A. T. Thomson s Conspectus, 
 Orfilas " Traite des Poisons,'' Bell on Baths and Mine- 
 ral Waters, together with the various Dispensatories and 
 Pharmacopoeias of Great Britain, the Codex, Pharmacopee 
 Francaise, Aliherfs Nouveaux Flemens de Matiere Medi- 
 cale, Soubeiran s Nouveau Traite de Pharmacie, thtorique et 
 pratique, Boicchardafs Annuaire de Therapeutique, and 
 several works on Chemistry. He is especially indebted to 
 Mr. Beasley's Pocket Formulary for many of the hospital 
 and private formulae, which are often of great value. 
 
 In conclusion, it is hoped that the work may prove not 
 altogether useless to the profession — more especially to the 
 student of medicine and pharmacy. 
 
 Philadelphia, March, 1850. 
 
REFERENCES. 
 
 U. S. United States Pharmacopoeia. 
 
 L. London Pharmacopoeia. 
 
 E. Edinburgh Pharmacopoeia. 
 
 D. Dublin Pharmacopoeia. 
 
 P. The Paris Codex, or French Pharmacopoeia. 
 
 Prus. Ph., Bat. Ph., Span. Ph., &c. The Prussian, 
 Batavian, Spanish, &c, Pharmacopoeias. 
 
 IT. Hospital Formularies, as Gfuy's H., Guy's Hospital, 
 St. B. H., St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Fr. H., French Hos- 
 pitals, &c. 
 
 Med. Prop. Medical Properties. 
 
 The individual names attached to the Formulae are those 
 of the authors to whom they are commonly attributed, or 
 from whose works they have been taken. 
 
 For an explanation of the Signs and Abbreviations used 
 in the Formulary, see Appendix. 
 
 \_Note. In the description of those preparations to which 
 the letters U. S. are prefixed, it will be understood that the 
 process of the United States Pharmacopoeia is the one in- 
 tended, and consequently that the Liquid Measure employed 
 is the old " Wine Measure," and not the " Imperial Standard 
 Measure " of the London and Edinburgh Colleges.] 
 
AMERICAN 
 
 MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Absinthium. U. S., L., E. [Artemisia Absinthium, Z>.] Worm- 
 wood. The tops and leaves of Artemisia Absinthium. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and reputed anthelmintic and discutient. 
 
 Use. In debility of the digestive organs, &c. 
 
 Acacia. U S., L. [Grummi Acaciae, E. ; Acacia Arabica, et A. 
 vera, D.] Gum Arabic. The concrete juice of Acacia vera, 
 and other species of Acacia. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent ; also nutritious. 
 
 Uses. In inflammation of the gastric, intestinal, pulmonary, and 
 vesical mucous membranes ; as an article of diet in fevers ; also, 
 in pharmacy, for making pills, troches, and mixtures. 
 
 Acetosella. L. Wood-sorrel. The herbaceous portion of Oxalis 
 Acetosella. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant and antiscorbutic. 
 
 Use. As a drink in fevers, and as an antiscorbutic. 
 
 Aceta. U. S. [Acetica, L., E., D.~\ Medicated Vinegars. In- 
 fusions or solutions of medicinal substances in vinegar or acetic 
 acid. Ordinary vinegar requires to be purified by distillation 
 before being used as a solvent. A small quantity of alcohol or 
 concentrated acetic acid, is generally added to contribute to their 
 preservation. 
 
 2 
 
14 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Acetone. See Naphtha. 
 
 Acetum. U. S., L. [Acetum Gallicum (French Vinegar*), Ace- 
 tum Britannicum (British Vinegar), E. ; Acetum Vini, D.~\ 
 Vinegar. Procured from various liquors by the acetous fermen- 
 tation; — in the United States, from cider; in Britain, from an 
 infusion of malt j in France, from wine. It is an impure dilute 
 acetic acid. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant and diuretic. 
 
 Use. As a drink, diluted, in fevers ; also externally, as a lotion. 
 
 Acetum Aromaticum. P. Aromatic Spirit of Vinegar. Strong 
 acetic acid Oj, camphor ^ij, oil of lavender gr. ix, oil of cloves 
 5ss, oil of cinnamon gr. xx. Mix together. 
 
 Acetum Cantharides. (Epispasticum.) L., E. Cantharides 
 in powder ^ij, acetic acid f^xx; macerate 8 days and strain. 
 E. directs cantharides in powder ^iij, acetic acid f^v, pyro- 
 ligneous acid f^xv, euphorbium ^ss; macerate 7 days. 
 
 Use. To promote prompt vesication. 
 
 Acetum Colchici. U. S., L., E., D. Vinegar of Colchicum. 
 Dried colchicum root, bruised, ^ij, distilled vinegar (or dilute 
 acetic acid) Oij, alcohol f^j. Macerate the root with the vinegar 
 in a close glass vessel for 7 days, then express the liquor, let 
 the dregs subside, pour off the clear liquor, and add the alcohol. 
 L., E., and D., direct fresh colchicum gj, distilled vinegar 
 f^xvj ; macerate for 3 days, and add f^j of proof spirit to the 
 clear liquid. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic. See Colchicum. 
 
 Use. In dropsy ; in gout, rheumatism, and neuralgia. 
 
 Acetum Destillatum. U. S., L., E., D. Distilled Vinegar. 
 From Cong, j of vinegar in a glass retort, distil Ovij, by the 
 heat of a sand-bath. D. rejects the first 10th. E. and D. direct 
 French vinegar. 
 
 Med. Prop. The same as those of common vinegar. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in pharmacy, in making vinegars and oxymels. 
 
 Acetum Opii. U. S., E., D. Vinegar of Opium. Black Drop. 
 Digest opium, in coarse powder, ^viij, nutmeg p. ^jss, saffron 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 15 
 
 ^ss, with Ojss of distilled vinegar on a sand-bath, with a gentle 
 heat, for 48 hours, and strain. Digest the residue with an 
 equal quantity of distilled vinegar in the same manner for 24 
 hours. Then put the whole into a displacement apparatus, and 
 return the filtered liquor, as it passes, until it comes away quite 
 clear. Pour distilled vinegar gradually upon the materials re- 
 maining in the instrument until the whole quantity of filtered 
 liquor equals 3 pints. Lastly, add ^xij sugar, and by means 
 of a water-bath, evaporate to 3 pints and 4 fluid ounces. — E. and 
 D. direct opium, sliced, ^iv, distilled vinegar f^xvj ; triturate 
 the opium with a little of the vinegar, add the rest ; macerate 
 7 days ; strain, press, and filter. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic. 
 
 Use. As laudanum; but usually agrees better with the patient. 
 Dose, 13 drops, about equal to gr. j opium. 
 
 Acetum Scill^. U. S.j L.j E., D. Vinegar of Squills. 
 Macerate bruised squill gfv, withOij distilled vinegar in a close 
 glass vessel, for 7 days ; express, and to the clear liquor add 
 f^j alcohol. L. directs, dried squill ^xv, distilled vinegar Ovj ; 
 digest with a gentle heat 24 hours, strain, and add Oss proof 
 spirit. — E. and D., nearly the same. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic and expectorant. 
 
 Use. In dropsy, and pulmonary affections. 
 
 Acidum Aceticum. U. S., L., E.j D. Acetic Acid. Put Ibss 
 of sulphuric acid into a glass retort, and gradually add Ibj of 
 acetate of soda, in powder ; then, by means of a sand-bath, distil 
 with a moderate heat into a glass receiver, till the residuum be- 
 comes dry. Mix the resulting liquid with Jj of red oxide of 
 lead, and again distil, with a moderate heat, to dryness. The 
 sp. gr. of this acid is 1-06. — L. directs flbij acetate of soda, and 
 ^ix sulphuric acid, previously mixed with %ix water, to be dis- 
 tilled together in a glass retort, by the heat of a sand-bath. Sp. 
 gr. 1-048.-—^. directs ^vj of acetate of lead, dried at 320°, to 
 be distilled with fjixss of sulphuric acid, in a glass matrass, at 
 320° ; the product to be agitated with a little red oxide of lead, 
 
16 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 and again distilled. Sp. gr. 1-063 to 1-065. — D. directs it to 
 be distilled from 52 parts of sulphuric acid, and 100 of acetate 
 of potassa. Sp. gr. 1-074. — U.S. contains 50 per cent, of 
 water; L., 63 per cent. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, rubefacient, and vesicant. 
 
 Use. In syncope and headache, applied to the nostrils. Exter- 
 nally, to warts and corns. 
 
 Acidum Aceticum Dilutum. U S. Mix Oss of acetic acid, 
 with Oy of distilled water. It is intended as a substitute for 
 distilled vinegar. It contains 4-54 per cent, of pure acid. 15 
 parts of strong acid, and 85 of distilled water, mixed together, 
 form an acid equivalent to the distilled vinegar of L. 
 
 Acidum Aceticum Aromaticum. [Apothecaries' Hall, L.~] Dis- 
 solve the oils of cloves, lavender, rosemary, and calamus in 
 highly concentrated acetic acid. 
 
 Use. As a very pungent perfume, in syncope, &c. 
 
 Acidum Aceticum Camphoratum. E., D. Camphor, pulverized 
 with spirit, ^ss, strong acetic acid f^vjss. D., f^vj. 
 
 Use. The same as the preceding. 
 
 Acidum Arseniosum. U S., L. [Arsenicum Album, E. ; Ar- 
 senic! Oxydum Album, D.~\ Arsenious Acid. White Oxide of 
 Arsenic. 
 
 Med. Prop. Internally, alterative and antiperiodic ; externally, 
 escharotic. 
 
 Use. In intermittent diseases j chronic skin diseases, particularly 
 of a scaly character ; chronic rheumatism, especially of a syphi- 
 litic character ; nodes, and hemicrania. Externally, to cancers, 
 lupus, and malignant ulcers. Caution is necessary to avoid 
 absorption. 
 
 Acidum Benzoicum. U. S., L., E., D. Benzoic Acid. Flowers 
 of Benzoin. Benzoin, in coarse powder, intimately mixed with 
 an equal weight of fine sand, is to be sublimed in a suitable 
 vessel until vapours cease to rise. Press the sublimed acid be- 
 tween bibulous paper, to remove the oil, and again sublime. 
 
 Med, Prop. Stimulant, and perhaps expectorant. Asserted by 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 17 
 
 Dr. Ure to convert the uric acid, when in excess, into hippuric 
 acid. 
 Use. In the phosphatic form of gravel ; also in gout, and rheu- 
 matism, combined with carbonate of potassa. 
 
 Acidum Citricum. U. S., L., E., D. Citric Acid. Saturate 
 lemon-juice with prepared chalk, wash the precipitated citrate 
 of lime repeatedly, and decompose with a slight excess of dilute 
 sulphuric acid; strain, and carefully concentrate by boiling, 
 and then crystallize. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant and antiscorbutic. 
 
 Use. As a substitute for lemon-juice. 
 
 Acidum Hydrocyanicum. U. $., E. [Acidum Hydrocyanicum 
 Dilutum, L.; Acidum Prussicum, Z>.] Hydrocyanic Acid. 
 Prussic Acid. Sulphuric acid ^ jss, water f^iv; mix, and when 
 cool, put them into a tubulated retort, and add ferrocyanuret of 
 potassium ^ij, dissolved in f^x water. Pour f^viij of distilled 
 water into the cooled receiver, and having attached this to the 
 retort, distil f^vj with a gentle heat. Lastly, add to this pro- 
 duct f^v of distilled water, or q. s. that 12-7 grs. of nitrate of 
 silver, dissolved in water, may be accurately saturated by 100 
 grs. of the acid, indicating 2 per cent, of real acid. — E. directs 
 ferrocyanide of potassium ^iij, sulphuric acid f^ij, water f^xvj ; 
 dissolve the salt in f^xj of water, add the acid mixed with f^v 
 of water, and distil f^ xiv ; add distilled water to the product, 
 to make up the measure exactly of f^xvj. — D. directs bicyanide 
 of mercury gj, muriatic acid fjvij, water f^viij ) distil from a 
 glass retort into a cooled receiver, f^viij. It may also conve- 
 niently be prepared, extemporaneously, by adding together 50 J 
 grains of cyanuret of silver, muriatic acid 41 grains, and dis- 
 tilled water f^ j ; the mixture is to be shaken in a stopped vial ; 
 decant the clear liquid when the sediment has subsided. The 
 acid should be kept in a cool, dark place. 
 
 Med. Prop. Sedative and antispasmodic; powerfully poisonous. 
 
 Use. In spasmodic coughs, asthma, hooping-cough, hypertrophy 
 
 2* ' 
 
18 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 of the heart, neuralgia of stomach and bowels ; locally, in skin 
 diseases, to allay the itching. 
 
 Acidum Hydro sulphuricum Aqua Solutum. P. Pass a cur- 
 rent of sulphuretted hydrogen (procured by acting on sulphuret 
 or iron by dilute sulphuric acid), through cold distilled water, 
 till it ceases to be absorbed. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. This is an artificial sulphurous water, and may 
 be used in chronic rheumatism, chronic cutaneous diseases, &c, 
 
 Acidum Lacticum. Lactic Acid. To Ovj of milk, add ^viij 
 bicarbonate of soda ; expose it to the air for some days, till it 
 becomes sour, and saturate it with more soda. Repeat this as 
 often as it becomes acid. Boil, filter, and evaporate to the con- 
 sistence of syrup, and digest with alcohol. Filter the solution, 
 and add sulphuric acid as long as it occasions a precipitate. 
 Again filter, and concentrate the clear solution by evaporation, 
 till its density is 1*215. 
 
 Use. Not employed in medicine in the uncombined state. 
 
 Acidum Muriaticum. U. jS., E., D. [Acidum Hydrochloricum, 
 L.~\ Muriatic Acid. Aqueous solution of chlorohydric acid gas, 
 of the sp. gr. 146; (147, E.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic and antiseptic. 
 
 Use. In low forms of fever ; also as a gargle in malignant sore 
 throat. 
 
 Acidum Muriaticum Dilutum. U. JS., E., D. [Acidum Hy- 
 drochloricum Dilutum, L.~\ Dilute Muriatic Acid. Muriatic 
 acid f^iv, distilled water f^xij ; mix them in a glass vessel. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as the preceding. 
 
 Acidum Nitricum. U. JS., L., E., D. Nitric Acid, of sp. gr. 
 1-5; (149, D.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic and antiseptic. 
 
 Use. In low forms of fever (to be largely diluted) ; in chronic 
 syphilis and hepatitis; externally, to ulcers; also for fumigation. 
 
 Acidum Nitricum Dilutum. U S., L., E., D. Nitric acid, 
 f^j, distilled water fsix; mix in a glass vessel. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as- the preceding. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 19 
 
 Acidtjm Nitrosum. Nitrous Acid. The red fuming nitric acid 
 (nitric acid containing nitrous acid gas) is so termed. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as those of nitric acid. 
 
 Acidtjm Nitro-Muriattcum. U S., D. Nitro-Muriatic Acid. 
 
 • Nitric acid f^j, muriatic acid f^ij ; mix, and keep in a dark and 
 cool place, in a well-stopped bottle. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, with a tendency to the liver. 
 
 Use. In chronic hepatitis and syphilis, both internally and as a 
 bath. 
 
 Acidtjm Pyrolignetjm. E. Pyroligneous Acid. An impure 
 acetic acid, procured by the destructive distillation of wood. 
 Sp. gr. 1-034. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antiseptic. 
 
 Use. As an application to ill-conditioned ulcers ; also as a pre- 
 servative for meats. 
 
 Acidtjm Succinicum. D. Succinic Acid. Mix amber with its 
 weight of sand, and distil. Press the crystals between bibulous 
 paper, and re-sublime. 
 
 Use. Not employed in medicine. 
 
 Acidtjm Sulphuricum. U S., L., E., D. Sulphuric Acid, 
 of sp. gr. 1-845, U S. and L.; 1-840, E.; 1-850, D. 
 
 Use. Not employed in medicine. See the following. 
 
 Acidtjm Sulphuricum Aromaticum. U S.,' E., D. Elixir of 
 Vitriol. Sulphuric acid f^iijss, ginger, bruised, ^j, cinnamon, 
 bruised, ^jss, alcohol Oij. Digest the alcohol and acid together 
 for three days ; then add the ginger and cinnamon, and mace- 
 rate for a week ; lastly, filter through paper. — E. and D. very 
 similar. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, tonic, and refrigerant. 
 
 Use. In low fevers, in convalescence, in colliquative sweats, 
 hemorrhages, diarrhoeas, &c. 
 
 Acidum Sulphuricum Dilutum. U S., L., E., D. Sul- 
 phuric acid f^j, distilled water f^xiij. Add them gradually 
 together in a glass vessel, and mix. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as the preceding. 
 
20 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Acidum Tannicum. U. -JS. Tannic Acid. Tannin. Cause 
 commercial sulphuric ether to percolate through powdered galls, 
 in a glass adopter, closed at the lower end with carded cotton. 
 The liquor obtained separates into two parts j pour off the upper 
 layer, and evaporate the lower portion, with a moderate heat, to 
 dryness. Dose, 2 to 5 grains. 
 
 Med. Prop. Purely astringent. 
 
 Use. In chronic dysentery and diarrhoea, and in passive hemor- 
 rhages ; externally, to check hemorrhages. 
 
 Acidtjm Tartaricum. U. S.j L., E., D. Tartaric Acid. 
 Saturate the excess of acid in bitartrate of potassa (cream of 
 tartar), with carbonate of lime ; decompose the resulting tar- 
 trate of lime by sulphuric acid ; then decompose the remaining 
 neutral tartrate of potassa by chloride of calcium in excess; 
 finally, decompose the resulting tartrate of lime by sulphuric 
 acid, as at first ; then strain and crystallize by evaporation. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, antiseptic, and antiscorbutic. 
 
 Use. As a drink, in fevers and inflammatory affections. Also for 
 making the Soda and Seidlitz Powders. 
 
 Aconitina. L. Aconitia, Aconitine. The active alkaline prin- 
 ciple of Aconite. Very apt to be spurious as found in the 
 markets. Morson's Aconitia is of certain strength. (An ener- 
 getic poison ; used only externally ', in neuralgia.} 
 
 Aconitum. U. S.y E. [Aconiti Folia et Radix, L. ; Aconitum 
 paniculatum. Folia, D.~] Aconite. Leaves and root of Aconi- 
 tum napellus, and of A. paniculatum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Sedative narcotic. 
 
 Use. In neuralgia, especially as an external application. 
 
 Adeps. U. S., L. [Axungia, E.; Adeps Suillus Preparatus, 
 D.~\ Lard. The prepared fat of the Sus Scrofa, or common 
 hog, free from salt. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient. 
 
 Use. In the formation of cerates, ointments, &c. 
 
 iETHER Nitrous. D. [iEther Nitricus.] Nitrons Ether. 
 Hyponitrous Ether. Nitric Ether. D. directs it to be made 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 21 
 
 by the reaction between nitrate of potassa, sulphuric acid, and 
 alcohol. An improved process by Dr. Hare is here subjoined : 
 Dissolve 14 parts of hyponitrate of potassa (obtained by heating 
 the nitrate) in 7 parts of water, and mix with 8 parts of alco- 
 hol, in a retort, the head of which is tapering, and bent down- 
 wards, so as to pass through the tube and enter a tall vial. 
 Both tube and vial are kept cold by ice \ 7 parts of sulphuric 
 acid, diluted with its weight of water, are gradually added, and 
 distillation effected by means of a water-bath of 100°. Sp. gr., 
 0-947. (Diluted with alcohol, it forms Sioeet Spirits of Nitre.') 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as those of Sulphuric Ether. 
 
 iETHER Sulphuricus. U. S., L., E., D. Sidphuric Ether. 
 Ether. Pour gradually f^xiv sulphuric acid into Oij alcohol, 
 in an open vessel. Put the mixture into a glass retort, heat 
 quickly to boiling, in sand ; let the liquor distil into a refrige- 
 rated receiver until half a pint has passed over ; then add alco- 
 hol Oij, previously mixed with sulphuric acid f^ij, conveyed 
 through a tube reaching nearly to the bottom of the retort. 
 Continue the distillation until about 3 pints have passed 
 over. Add this to 5 v j potassa, previously dissolved in f^iij 
 distilled water, and shake frequently ; at the end of 24 hours 
 pour off the supernatant liquid, and redistil it with a gentle 
 heat, until two pints shall have passed over, or until it has ac- 
 quired the sp. gr. of 0-750. (U. S.) 
 
 Med. Prop. A diffusible stimulant, narcotic, and antispasmodic; 
 externally, refrigerant or rubefacient, according as it is allowed 
 to evaporate or not. 
 
 Use. In prostrate conditions of system, gout of the stomach, 
 hysteria, asthma, and other spasmodic diseases ; externally, in 
 headache. 
 
 Alcohol. U. S. [Spiritus Rectificatus, L., E., Z>.] Alcohol 
 Rectified Spirits. Spirits of Wine. Procured by distillation 
 from different varieties of ardent spirits. U S. directs it to be 
 of sp. gr. 0-835; (contains 15 per cent, of water.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant both internally and externally ; also narcotic. 
 
22 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Use. Not used internally ; in pharmacy, to prepare certain tinc- 
 tures, &c. 
 
 Alcohol Dilutum. U. S. [Spiritus Tenuior, L., E., D.~\ 
 Diluted Alcohol. Proof Spirit. Mix together equal measures 
 of alcohol and distilled water. Sp. gr. 0-935. (U.S.) It con- 
 tains 42 per cent, of absolute alcohol. — L. directs the sp. gr. to 
 be 0-920, equivalent to 49 per cent, of pure alcohol. E. 
 directs sp. gr. 0-912, equivalent to 52 per cent. D. orders 
 sp. gr. 0-919, or rather more than 49 per cent. 
 
 Med. Prop. Similar to the preceding. 
 
 Use. In pharmacy, to prepare most vegetable tinctures (except 
 those of resins). 
 
 Allium. U. S., L., E. Garlic. The bulb of Allium sativum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, antispasmodic, emmenagogue, diuretic, 
 diaphoretic, and expectorant; externally, rubefacient. 
 
 Use. In enfeebled digestion, flatulence, chronic pectoral affec- 
 tions, and hooping-cough ; externally, to the feet of children, as 
 a revulsive. 
 
 Allium Cepa. D. Onion. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Much the same as the preceding. 
 
 Aloe. U S., L. [Aloe Barbadensis. A. Indica. A. Socoto- 
 rina, E. ; A. Hepatica. A. Socotorina, D.~] Aloes. Inspis- 
 sated juice of the leaves of Aloe spicata, and other species of 
 Aloe. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, emmenagogue, and anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. In constipation, usually combined with other cathartics ; in 
 anienorrhoea ; and for ascarides, in enema. 
 
 Alth^a. U. S. [A. radix et folia, L., E. ; A. officinalis. 
 
 D.~\ Marsh-mallow. Root of the Althaea officinalis. 
 Med. Prop. Emollient, and demulcent. 
 Use. In pulmonary and intestinal affections; externally, as a 
 
 gargle. 
 Alumen. U. S., L., E., D. Alum. Sulphate of alumina and 
 
 potassa. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and in large doses, purgative and emetic. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 23 
 
 Uses. In passive hemorrhages, chronic diarrhoea, &c, and hoop- 
 ing-cough; externally, as an injection. 
 
 Alumen Exsiccatum. U. S., L. y E., D. Dried Alum. Melt 
 alum in an earthen or iron vessel over the fire, till it become 
 dry, and reduce to powder. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild escharotic. 
 
 Use. On fungous granulations. 
 
 Ammonite Bicarbonas, D. Pass carbonic acid gas through any 
 quantity of water of carbonate of ammonia, until saturated ; 
 then let it rest to form crystals, which are to be dried without 
 heat. — Dose, gr. v. to xx. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as those of the carbonate. 
 
 Ammonite Carbon as. U. S., E., D. [Ammonias Sesquicarbo- 
 nas, i/.] Carbonate of Ammonia. (Volatile Salts. Volatile 
 Alkali.) Mix Ibj. of powdered muriate of ammonia with Ibjss 
 of prepared chalk, and sublime with a gradually increasing 
 heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, antacid, diaphoretic, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In low forms of disease, atonic dyspepsia, gout, and chro- 
 nic rheumatism. 
 
 Ammonia Murias. U. S., E., D. [Ammonias Hydrochloras, 
 L.~\ Muriate of Ammonia. Sal Ammoniac. Chloride of 
 Ammonium. The commercial sal ammoniac should be purified 
 by crystallization, for internal use. — Dose, gr. v. to xxx. 
 
 Med. Prop. Purgative in large doses, alterative, and resolvent. 
 
 Use. In hemicrania, chronic enlargements, &c. ; externally, as a 
 lotion to indurations. 
 
 Ammonia Hydrosulphuretum. D. Pass Sulphuretted hy- 
 drogen gas (made by acting on sulphuret of iron with dilute 
 sulphuric acid), through water of ammonia. A sedative poison. 
 — Dose, 4 to 8 drops. 
 
 Ammonite Phosphas. Saturate dilute phosphoric acid with car- 
 bonate of ammonia, and evaporate so that crystals may form. 
 — Dose, grs. x to xx. 
 
 Med. Prop. Excitant, diaphoretic, and discutient. 
 
24 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Use. Reputed useful in rheumatism, gout, and uric acid calculus. 
 
 Ammoniacum. U. S., L., E. [Ammoniacum Gruinmi, D.~] Am- 
 moniac. The concrete juice of Dorema Ammoniacum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, expectorant, emmenagogue, and deob- 
 struent. 
 
 Use. In chronic pulmonary disorders, chronic amenorrhoea ; and 
 externally, as a discutient plaster in tumours of the joints, &c. 
 
 Amygdala Amara. U. S., L., E. [Amygdalae Amarse, D.] 
 Bitter Almonds. The kernels of the fruit of Amygdalus com- 
 munis. — Var. Amara. 
 
 Med. Prop. Sedative. 
 
 Use. In pectoral affections, attended with cough. 
 
 Amygdala Dulcis. U S., L., E. [Amygdalae Dulces, D.~] 
 Sweet Almonds. The kernels of the fruit of Amygdalus com- 
 munis. — Var. Dulcis. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, nutritious. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in emulsion, as a vehicle for other medicines ; ex- 
 ternally, as a lotion. 
 
 Amygdalina. Amygdalin. The peculiar azotized principle found 
 in the bitter almond, peach kernel, &c, which, by reacting with 
 emulsin and water, generates hydrocyanic acid and oil of bitter 
 almonds. It may be thus used medicinally as a substitute for 
 prussic acid. — Prepared, by boiling well-pressed cake of bitter 
 almonds, twice, in strong alcohol ; strain through linen, and press 
 the residue. Remove any oil that may appear ; heat the liquid 
 again, and filter. In a few days part of the amygdalin crys- 
 tallizes. Concentrate the residual liquor to a sixth part, and add 
 ether, which will precipitate the amygdalin. Press it between 
 blotting paper, wash it with ether, re-dissolve in boiling alcohol, 
 and set aside to crystallize. [A mixture composed of gr. xvij 
 of amygdalin, with f^jss of the emulsion of sweet almonds, 
 contains one grain of absolute hydrocyanic acid. (Liebig and 
 Wolher.) The dose of this would be f3J, to commence with.] 
 
 Amygdalus Persica. [Folia, D.~\ Peach Leaves. Leaves of 
 Amygdalus Persica. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative and sedative. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 25 
 
 Amylum. U. S.j L.j E. Starch. The fecula of the seeds of 
 Triticum vulgare. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent and nutritious. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in decoction, as a vehicle for injections. 
 
 Anethtjm. L.j E. Bill Seeds. Fruit of Anethum graveolens. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Aromatic. 
 
 Angelica. U S. (Sec.) The root and herb of Angelica atro- 
 purpurea. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of the following. 
 
 Angelica. E. [Angelica Archangelica. Seniina, B.~] Root and 
 seeds of Angelica Archangelica. 
 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic, tonic. Seldom employed. 
 
 Angustura. U. S.j D. [Cusparia, L., E.~] Angustura Bark. 
 Bark of G-alipea officinalis. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, tonic, febrifuge. 
 
 Use. In intermittents and remittents, bilious diarrhoeas, and 
 dysentery. Not much employed. 
 
 Anisum. U. S.j L.j P., B. Anise. Fruit of the Pimpinella 
 Anisum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly for imparting flavour ', also as a carminative. 
 
 Anthemis. U. S.j L.j E. [Chamsemelum. Anthemis Nobilis, 
 B.~] Chamomile. Flowers of the Anthemis nobilis. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic ; the warm infusion, emetic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, and in convalescence; also to promote the 
 operation of emetics. 
 
 Anthracokali. (Dr. Poyla.) Carb. potassse ^vj, lime ^iijss, 
 water Oiv. Proceed as in making liquor potassse, and concen- 
 trate the clear solution by boiling in an iron vessel, till an oily- 
 looking liquid remains. Then stir in ^v of finely-powdered 
 mineral coal ; remove from the fire, and continue stirring till the 
 whole is reduced to a uniform powder, which is to be imme- 
 diately put into small dry bottles. — Dose, gr. ij, twice or thrice 
 a day, for skin diseases, scrofula, chronic rheumatism, &e, 
 
 3 
 
26 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Antimonii et Potass^: Tartras. U. S. [Antimonii Potassio- 
 tartras, L. ; Antimonium Tartarizatum, E. ; Antimonii et Po- 
 tasssQ Tartras, sive Tartarum Enieticuni, D.~] Tartar Emetic. 
 Tartarized Antimony : Mix together, in a glass vessel, ^xxv of 
 muriatic acid, and 51J of nitric acid; to this add gradually giv 
 of finely powdered sulphuret of antimony ; digest with a mode- 
 rate heat, till effervescence ceases, and then boil for an hour ; 
 filter when cold, and pour into water. Wash the precipitated 
 oxychloride, and then dry it. Boil together \§ij of this powder, 
 ^ijss of powdered cream of tartar, and f^xviij of distilled water; 
 filter while hot, and crystallize by cooling. — L. employs the 
 crocus of antimony (oxy sulphuret). 
 
 Med. Prop. In full dose, emetic; in smaller doses, refrigerant, 
 diaphoretic, and expectorant. 
 
 Use. In fevers not of a low form, and in pectoral affections ; large 
 doses have been recommended in pneumonia and acute rheu- 
 matism ; as an alterative, in chronic cutaneous diseases ; and as 
 an emetic. 
 
 Antimonii Oxidum. E. Sesquioxide of Antimony. [Anti- 
 monii Oxidum Nitro-muriaticum, D.~\ Oxychloride of Antimony. 
 Powder of Algaroth. Proceed as in the first part of process for 
 tartar emetic. 
 
 Use. In pharmacy, in the preparation of tartar emetic. 
 
 Antimonii Sulphuretum. U. S., E., D. [Antimonii Sesqui- 
 sulphuretum, L.~] Native Sulphuret of Antimony, purified by 
 fusion. 
 
 Use. Not employed in medicine. 
 
 Antimonii Sulphuretum Prjecipitatum. U. 8. [Antimonii 
 Oxysulphuretum, L. ; Antimonii Sulphuretum Aureum, E. ; Sul- 
 phur Antimoniatum Fuscum, Z>.] Mix g vj of powdered sulphuret 
 of antimony with Oiv of solution of potassa, and Oxij of distilled 
 water, and boil over a gentle fire for three hours, constantly 
 stirring, and occasionally adding distilled water. Strain the 
 liquor immediately through a linen cloth, and add to it, while 
 hot, diluted sulphuric acid, so long as it produces a precipitate ; 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 27 
 
 then wash away the sulphate of potassa with hot water, and dry 
 the residue with a gentle heat. (If the solution be allowed to 
 cool slowly before adding the acid, Kermes mineral is deposited ; 
 and if the acid be now added, it throws down the Golden Sulphur 
 of Antimony. ) The P. and other foreign pharmacopoeias direct 
 carbonate of soda instead of potassa, which is said to yield a 
 finer kermes. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative ; emetic and cathartic in larger doses. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an alterative, in chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Apocynum Cannabintjm. U. S. (Sec.) Indian Hemp. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emeto-cathartic and diuretic; sometimes narcotic. 
 
 Use. In obstinate dropsies. 
 
 Apocynum Androsemifolium. U S. (Sec.) Dogsbane. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emetic ; not much used. 
 
 Aqua. U. S., E. Water. Natural water in its purest attain- 
 able state. [Spring water, E.~\ 
 
 Aqua Destillata. U. S., L., E., D. Take of water ten gal- 
 lons ; first distil two pints, and throw them away ; next distil 
 eight gallons. Keep in glass bottles. 
 
 Use. In pharmacy, where purity is required. 
 
 AQUiE Distillate. L., E., D. Simple Distilled Waters. 
 The plants, &c, (fresh, if possible,) are put into the still with 
 twice as much water as is intended to be drawn off. — L. directs 
 fgvij of proof spirit, and E., fgiij of rectified spirit, to be added 
 in the still for each gallon of product ; but its utility is very 
 questionable. The L. and E. Colleges also allow the process of 
 U S. See Aquae Medicatae. 
 
 Aque Medicate. U S. Preparations consisting of water im- 
 pregnated with some medicinal substance. Most of the aroma- 
 tic waters are prepared, according to U S., by saturating the 
 volatile oils with carbonate of magnesia -, then adding the water, 
 and filter. 
 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as vehicles; also as carminatives. 
 
 Aqua Acidi Carbonict. U S. Carbonic Acid Water. Water 
 
28 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 charged by pressure, with 5 times its volume of carbonic acid 
 gas. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anti-emetic, diaphoretic, and diuretic. 
 
 Use. In irritable stomach j also, as a vehicle for certain medi- 
 cines. 
 
 Aqua .ZEtherea. [Eau Etheree, P.] Mix 1 part of ether with 
 8 of water ; agitate frequently in a bottle with a ground stop- 
 per ; let it rest 24 hours ; separate the supernatant ether, and 
 keep the water for use. 
 
 Med. Prop. Slightly stimulant, and carminative. 
 
 Aqua Anethi. L., E. Dill Water. Bruised dill seeds Ibjss, 
 proof spirit f^vij, (rect. spt. f^iij, E.,~) water Cong, ij; distil 
 Cong. j. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquas Medicate. 
 
 Aqua Anisi. P. As Aqua Anethi. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquas Medicatas. 
 
 Aqua Aromatica. Prus. Phar. Sage ^viij, rosemary jfiv, pepper- 
 mint ^iv, lavender flowers ^iv, fennel seeds gij, cinnamon ^ij, 
 rectified spirit Ibiv, water Ibxx; macerate for 24 hours, and 
 draw off Ibxij . 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the aromatics generally. 
 
 Aqua Binelli. An Italian styptic nostrum, supposed to contain 
 creasote. 
 
 Aqua Calcis. P., D. See Liquor Calcis. 
 
 Aqua Camphors. U. S. [Mistura Camphoras, L., E., D.~\ 
 Camphor Water. Rub Jij of camphor with ir^xl of alcohol, 
 then with 5J of carbonate of magnesia, and lastly, with Oij of 
 distilled water, gradually added. Filter through paper. — It 
 contains about gr. iij to the f^. 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of camphor in small doses. 
 
 Use. In low forms of fever, to quiet restlessness, and to allay 
 uterine pains. 
 
 Aqua Carui. L., D. Car an: ay Water. From Caraway seeds, 
 or the oil, as Aqua Anethi. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquas Medicatas. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 29 
 
 Aqua Caryophylli. P. Cloves Ibij, water q. s. ; macerate for 
 
 12 hours, and distil Ibviij. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquas Medicate. 
 
 Aqua Cascarilla. P. Cascarilla hark Ibij, water q. s. ; distil 
 
 Cong. j. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Cascarilla. 
 
 Aqua Cassia. E. Cassia hark Ibjss, rectified spirit f|iij, 
 
 water Cong, ij, distil Cong. j, [Guy's H. substitutes ^xv of 
 
 Cassia huds.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquae Medicatae. 
 
 Aqua Chalybeata Aerata. (Soubeiran.) Water, freed from 
 air, Oj, sulphate of iron gr. ss; charge with 5 vols, of carbonic 
 acid gas. Or, sulphate of iron gr. j, carbonate of soda gr. iv, 
 water freed from air and charged with 5 volumes of gas, Oj. 
 [Bewley's Aqua Chalyheata is a solution of citrate of iron in 
 aerated water, flavoured with orange peel.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A mild chalybeate ; intended as a substitute 
 for natural chalybeate spring water. 
 
 Aqua Chlorini. D. [Chlorinei Aqua, E.~\ Chlorine Water. 
 Pass chlorine gas through cold water till it ceases to be ab- 
 sorbed. — E. forms the solution in the liquid way. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and antiseptic. 
 
 Use. In malignant scarlatina ; also externally, to the throat. 
 
 Aqua Cinnamomi. U. S., L., E., D. Cinnamon Water. Tri- 
 turate f5ss of oil of cinnamon with 3ss of carbonate of magne- 
 sia, then with Oij of distilled water, gradually added; filter 
 through paper. The British Colleges direct as Aquae Distillatas. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As those of Cinnamon. 
 
 Aqua Coloniensis. Eau de Cologne. P. Oil of bergamot ^iij, 
 oil of lemon ^iij, oil of rosemary ^jss, oil of neroli ^jss, oil of 
 lavender ^jss, oil of cinnamon Jvj, rectified spirit Oxxiv, com- 
 pound spirit of balm Oiij, spirit of rosemary Oij; mix, and 
 after 8 days distil Oxxiv. 
 
 Use. A very agreeable perfume. 
 
 3* 
 
30 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Aqua Creasoti. Creasote ^j, distilled water ^x; shake to- 
 gether, and filter. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Creasote. 
 
 Aqua Cupri Sulphatis Camphorata. Bates's Camphorated 
 Lotion. Sulphate of copper gr. xv, bole gr. xv, powdered cam- 
 phor gr. iv, boiling water f^iv; when cold, filter. [As a col- 
 lyriuni, this requires dilution.] 
 
 Aqua Florum Aura-nth. L. [Aurantii Aqua, E.~\ Orange 
 Flower Water. Orange flowers Ibx, proof spirit ^vij, water 
 Cong, ij ; distil Cong, j . 
 
 Use. As a perfume. 
 
 Aqua Funiculi. U. S., L., P., D. From oil of fennel, as 
 
 Aqua Cinnamomi. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquas Medicatae. 
 
 Aqua GtOULARDI. See Liquor Plumbi Subaeetatis. 
 
 Aqua Hydrocyanica Vegetabilis. (Schrader.) Essential oil 
 of bitter almonds Jj, rectified spirit ^jss, distilled water ^xyj ; 
 mix well, and filter through wet filtering paper. [Intended as 
 a substitute for Aqua Lauro-cerasi.] 
 
 Aqua Lauro-cerasi. P., D. Cherry-Laurel Water. Fresh 
 leaves of cherry laurel chopped small Ibj, water Oijss; distil Oj ; 
 agitate the distilled liquor well, filter it through wet paper, and 
 add compound spirit of lavender ^ j . [It contains an uncertain 
 amount of prussic acid. Dose, ii^xxx to f5J-] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of Hydrocyanic Acid. 
 
 Aqua Lavandula. P. Flowering tops of lavender Tbij, water 
 q. s. ; distil by steam Ibiv. [The simple and perfumed Spirit of 
 Lavender are also named Lavender Water. See Spiritus Lavan- 
 dulae.] 
 
 Aqua Marina Factitia. Artificial Sea Water. To Cong, iv 
 of water, add the following salts in crystals : chloride of sodium 
 gxvj, sulphate of soda ^vij, chloride of calcium ^jss, chloride 
 of magnesium ^ vj, iodide of potassium 9j, bromide of potassium 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 31 
 
 gr. x. — A simple substitute; used as a bath, is Ifoj of eonimon 
 
 salt to libxxx of water. 
 Aqua Mentha Piperita. XT. S., L.,P.,D. Peppermint Water. 
 
 From oil of peppermint, as directed for Aqua Cinnamomi. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquas Medicatae. 
 Aqua Mentha Pulegii. P., P. Pennyroyal Water. As 
 
 directed for Aquae Distillatae. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquae Medicatae. 
 Aqua Mentha Virldis. U. S., L., P., D. Spearmint Water. 
 
 From oil of spearmint, as Aqua Cinnamomi. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aquae Medicatae. 
 Aqua Opii. (G-uibourt.) Opium, in small pieces, Hbj, water 
 
 Ibvj . Macerate for 48 hours, and distil ilbj . Some authorities 
 
 direct ibiij to be distilled. — Dose, Jij, or more. 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic. 
 Use. As a mild opiate. 
 
 Aqua Phaged^enica. See Lotio Hydrargyri Flava. 
 Aqua Picis Liquids. D. Tar Water. Mix a quart of tar 
 
 with a gallon of cold water ; stir together for a quarter of an 
 
 hour, and filter. Keep in a close vessel. — Dose, one to two 
 
 pints, daily. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and diuretic. 
 Use. Chiefly in chronic pectoral affections. 
 Aqua Pimento. L., P., P. Bruised pimento ibj (or ^ij of 
 
 the oil), proof spirit f^vij, water Cong. ij. Distil Cong. j. 
 Aqua Regia. See Acidum Nitro-Muriaticum. 
 Aqua Ros^. U S., L., P., P. Rose Water. Fresh hundred- 
 leaved rose petals Hbx, water Cong, ij (proof spirit f^vij, P.) -, 
 
 distil Cong. j. 
 Use. A pleasant vehicle for collyria, &c. 
 Aqua Salvias, P. Sage Water. As Aqua Lavandulae. 
 Aqua Sambuci. L., P. Elder Water. From fresh elder-flowers, 
 
 as Aqua Rosae. 
 
32 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Aqua Sapphirina. Liquor Cupri Animoniati. 
 
 Aqua Sassafras. P. Sliced sassafras Ibiij, water q. s. Distil 
 Cong. j. 
 
 Aqua Sedlitzensis. P. Crys. sulphate of magnesia Jij, water 
 Oj ; dissolve, and charge the solution with 3 volumes of carbonic 
 acid gas. 
 
 Use. As a gentle laxative. 
 
 Aqua Selterana. P. Setters or Seltzer Water. Chloride of 
 sodium 5j, crys. carbonate of soda gr. xv, crys. phosphate of 
 soda gr. iss, water §x. Dissolve also chloride of calcium gr. v, 
 and chloride of magnesium gr. iv, in ^x of water. Mix the 
 solutions, and aerate with five volumes of carbonic acid gas. 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of the natural Seltzer water. 
 
 Aqua Tanaceti. P. Flowering tops of tansy Ibvj, water q. s. ) 
 distil Cong. ij. 
 
 Aqua Vanillje. (Niemann.) Vanilla Ibj, water Ibxij. Mace- 
 rate 24 hours, and distil Ibvj. 
 
 Use. For imparting flavour. 
 
 Aqua Yulnerana. From the same herbs as Spiritus Vulnerarius, 
 but with water only. 
 
 Aralia Nudicaulis. U. S. (Sec.) False Sarsaparilla. 
 
 Med. Prop. Gently stimulant, diaphoretic, and alterative. 
 
 Use. As the genuine sarsaparilla, in chronic rheumatism, &c. 
 
 Aralia Spinosa. U. S. (Sec.) Angelica-tree Bark. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant, diaphoretic, emetic, and cathartic. 
 
 Use. In rheumatism, and colic. 
 
 Argenti Ammonio-Chloridum. (Serre.) Saturate boiling aqua 
 ammonise with freshly precipitated and carefully washed chloride 
 of silver ; filter whilst boiling hot, and let the crystals, which 
 form on cooling, be dried between blotting paper, and imme- 
 diately put into well-stopped bottles. — Dose, from T ^th of a 
 grain, in syphilitic affections. 
 
 Argenti Chloridum. Precipitate a solution of nitrate of silver 
 by an excess of chloride of sodium ; wash the precipitate with 
 
AMEKICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 33 
 
 distilled water; dry it quickly, and keep from the light. — Dose, 
 J gr. to gr. iij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the nitrate. 
 
 Argenti Cyanuretum. U. S. [Argenti Cyaniduni, L.~\ Pis- 
 solve 3xv of nitrate of silver in Oj of distilled water ; add Oj 
 of dilute hydrocyanic acid ; wash and dry the precipitate. 
 
 Used in the extemporaneous preparation of Dilute Hydrocyanic 
 Acid. 
 
 Argenti Iodidum. (Dr. Patterson.) Dissolve separately in 
 distilled water, equal weights of iodide of potassium and nitrate 
 of silver ; mix the solutions, wash the precipitate with distilled 
 water, and dry with a gentle heat. — Dose, J to 2 grs. 
 
 Use. Similar to that of nitrate of silver-; particularly in hooping- 
 cough. 
 
 Argenti Nitras. U JS., L., E. [Argenti Nitras Fusum, Z>.] 
 Lunar Caustic. Dissolve ^j of silver in a mixture of f5v of 
 nitric acid and f^ij of distilled water, on a sand-hath. Evaporate 
 the solution to dryness, fuse, and pour into suitable moulds. [The 
 crystals may be procured by concentrating the solution, so that 
 they may form on cooling.] — Dose, gr. |th to gr. iij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, antispasmodic ; externally, stimulant and es- 
 char otic. 
 
 Use. In chorea and epilepsy ; chronic disorders of the stomach and 
 bowels; also as an astringent lotion and injection. 
 
 Argenti Oxidum. (Mr. Lane.) To a solution of Jiv of nitrate 
 of silver, add a solution of Jij hydrate of potassa; wash the 
 precipitate well, and dry it in the shade with a moderate heat. 
 — Dose, gr. ss to gr. j, two and three times a day. 
 
 Use. In gastralgia, &c. 
 
 Armor acia. U S., L., E. Horseradish. The fresh root of 
 
 Cochlearia Armoracia. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and externally rubefacient. 
 Use. In enfeebled dropsy. 
 
 Arnica. U S. (Sec.) Leopard's Bane. The root and herb of 
 Arnica montana. 
 
34 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, narcotic, diaphoretic, diuretic, and emmena- 
 
 gogue. 
 Use. In amaurosis, paralysis, &c. 
 Arum. U S. (Sec.) Dragon-root. Indian turnip. The cor- 
 
 mus of Arum triphyllum. 
 Med. Prop. When fresh, very acrid and stimulating; increases 
 
 the secretions. 
 Use. In asthma, pertussis, chronic rheumatism, &c. 
 As ARUM. U. S. (Sec.) Canada Snake-root. Wild Ginger. 
 
 The root of Asarum Canadense. 
 Med. Prop. An aromatic stimulant tonic ; used as a substitute for 
 
 Serpentaria. 
 
 Asclepias Tuberosa. U. S. (Sec.) Pleurisy -root. The root 
 
 of Asclepias tuberosa. 
 Med. Prop. Diaphoretic, and expectorant. 
 Use. In pectoral affections, rheumatism, and dysentery. 
 
 Assafcetlda. U. S., L., P., D. The concrete juice of the root 
 
 of Ferula Assafoetida. 
 Med. Prop. Antispasmodic, expectorant, and emmenagogue. 
 Use. In hysteria, convulsions, hooping-cough, chronic coughs, &c. 
 
 Aurantii Cortex. U. S. Orange Peel. The outer rind of the 
 
 fruit of Citrus vulgaris, or C. Aurantium. 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic. 
 Use. In flavouring unpleasant infusions and decoctions. 
 
 Auri Pulvis. P. Triturate gold-leaf with 10 or 12 times its 
 weight of sulphate of potassa, and wash out the latter with 
 boiling water. — Dose, gr. -}th to gr. j ; or, applied in frictions to 
 the tongue. 
 
 Use. In chronic syphilitic affections. 
 
 Auri[Ter]-Chloridum. P. Dissolve gold in 3 parts of nitro- 
 muriatic acid ; evaporate till vapours of chlorine begin to appear, 
 and set aside to crystallize. — Dose, ^th to y^th of a grain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Very similar to those of corrosive sublimate. 
 
 Use. In syphilis. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 35 
 
 Aitro-Chloridum Sodii. P. Soda-Muriate of Gold. Dissolve 
 85 parts chloride of gold, and 16 chloride of sodium in a little 
 water ; concentrate by evaporation, that crystals may form as it 
 cools. — Dose, as the last. Both require to be cautiously ad- 
 ministered. 
 
 Use. As the last. 
 
 Atjri Iodidum. P. To a solution of chloride of gold, add a 
 solution of iodide of potassium, as long as it occasions a pre- 
 cipitate. Wash with alcohol, and dry by a gentle heat. — Dose, 
 -Jgth to y^th of a grain. 
 
 Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Atjri Oxidum. P. Ter oxide of Gold, or Auric Acid. To a 
 solution of 1 part chloride of gold in 40 of distilled water, add 
 4 parts of fresh calcined magnesia. Boil together, and wash 
 the sediment with distilled water, then with pure nitric acid, 
 diluted with 20 parts of water. Dry it in the shade. — Dose, 
 y^th to J grain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Avenge Farina. U S. [A vena, L., E.; Avena Sativa, D.~\ 
 Oatmeal. Meal prepared from the seeds of Avena sativa. 
 
 Med. Prop. Nutritive, emollient. 
 
 Use. As a diet for the sick. 
 
 Azedarach. U. S. (Sec.) The bark of the root of Melia Aze- 
 
 darach. 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic, cathartic, and emetic. 
 Use. Chiefly to expel worms. 
 
 Balnea Medicate. Baths of cold or heated water, vapour, and 
 heated air are used medicinally. The following are the tempe- 
 ratures at which they are usually applied : — Water, cold, 50° 
 to 75° F.; temperate, 75° to 85°; tepid, 85° to 92°; warm, 
 92° to 98° ; hot, 98° to 112°. Vapour, if breathed, tepid, 90° 
 to 100°; warm, 100 to 110°; hot, 110 to 130° : if not breathed, 
 tepid, 96° to 106°; warm, 106° to 120°; hot, 120° to 160°. 
 Hot air, as a sudorific, 85° to 100°; as a stimulant, 100° to 
 
36 AMEEICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 130°. Water (usually warm), vapour, and heated air are often 
 medicated by being charged with the active principles of different 
 herbs and other drugs. There are various contrivances for ap- 
 plying them either generally or locally. Dr. Serres suggests 
 the following simple plan of applying hot vapour : — A lump of 
 quick lime, wrapped in a wet cloth, and covered with a dry one, 
 is placed on each side of the patient in bed, and allowed to re- 
 main until perspiration is established. 
 
 Balneum Acidum. Dr. Scott's Nit ro- Muriatic Bath. Proper 
 proportions for sponging, or a foot-bath, f^ij to a gallon of water, 
 at 90°; for a general bath, f^j to the gallon. Wooden vessels 
 only should be used. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant to the liver. 
 
 Use. In hepatitis and syphilis. 
 
 Balneum Furfuris. Bran Bath. Boil Ibiv of bran in Cong, j 
 of water, and add it to the bath, which should be at 90°. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in cutaneous eruptions. 
 
 Balneum Sulphurosum. Sulphur Bath. The fumes of burn- 
 ing sulphur (^ss at a time), are used in the cure of itch, &c. 
 The patient should avoid breathing the fumes. 
 
 Balneum Sulphur atum. Ft. R. Liver of sulphur (Sulphuret 
 of Potassium) gjss to giv, warm water Cong, xxv to 1 ; a 
 small quantity of sulphuric or muriatic acid may be added. 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of the natural sulphur waters. 
 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, and chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Barii Chlorldum. U. S., L. [Barytas Murias, E., Z>.] Dis- 
 solve ibj of carbonate of baryta in f^xij of muriatic acid, diluted 
 with Oiij of water; apply gentle heat; filter and evaporate to 
 form crystals. 
 
 Med. Prop. Deobstruent and alterative. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in scrofula, chronic ophthalmia, and diseases of the 
 skin. 
 
 Barii Iodidum. (Magendie.) Heat a fresh solution of iodide of 
 iron with excess of carbonate of baryta ; filter, and evaporate to 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 37 
 
 dryness. Re-dissolve and crystallize. (The Bromide is made 
 in a similar manner.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative. 
 
 Use. In scrofula, morbid growths, hypertrophy, chronic skin dis- 
 eases, &c. 
 
 Baryta Carbonas. U. S., L., E. Occurs native. May be 
 made artificially by precipitating the nitrate or muriate, by a 
 carbonated alkali. 
 
 Use. Not employed in medicine. In pharmacy, for making the 
 chloride. 
 
 Baryta Nitras. Dissolve the carbonate in nitric acid, and 
 evaporate to dryness j re-dissolve, and crystallize. 
 
 Belladonna. U. $., L., E. y D. Deadly Nightshade. The 
 leaves of Atropa Belladonna. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, antispasmodic, diaphoretic, and diuretic. 
 
 Use. In neuralgia, hooping-cough, epilepsy, mania, amaurosis, &c. 
 
 Benzoinum. U. S., L.j E. [Styrax Benzoin, D.~] Gum 
 Benzoin. The concrete juice of Styrax Benzoin. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and expectorant. 
 
 Use. Chiefly for obtaining its acid. 
 
 Bismuthi Subnitras. U. /S., D. [Bismuthi Trisnitras, L.; Bis- 
 muthum Album, EJ\ JSubnitrate, or White Oxide of Bismuth. 
 Magistery of Bismuth. Dissolve ^j of pure bismuth in f^jss of 
 nitric acid, diluted with f^j of water. Pour the clear solution 
 into Oiij of distilled water; collect the precipitate; wash it with 
 distilled water, and dry by a gentle heat. — Dose, 5 to 15 grs., 
 in pyrosis and gastrodynia. 
 
 Brominum. U. S. (Sec.) Procured from the bittern of sea- 
 water, or certain brine springs, by first passing chlorine through 
 it, and then agitating it with ether. Next, add the etherial 
 solution of bromine to a concentrated solution of caustic potassa ; 
 finally, decompose the bromide of potassium by sulphuric acid 
 and the peroxide of manganese. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to those of Iodine, 
 
 4 
 
38 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Calamus. U. S. (Sec.) Sweet Flag. The rhizoma of Acorus 
 calamus. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and aromatic. 
 
 Use. As a carminative, in colic, &c. 
 
 Calcii Chloridum. U. S., L. [Calcis Murias, E., D.] Pre- 
 pared by saturating muriatic acid with chalk or marble, evapo- 
 rating, and drying at a red heat. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. See Liquor Calcii Chloridi. 
 
 Calcis Carbonas Pr^cipitatum. D. To 5 parts of solution of 
 muriate of lime, add a solution of 3 parts of carbonate of soda in 
 4 parts of distilled water. Wash, collect, and dry the precipitate. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As those of Creta Preeparata. — When pro- 
 perly made, it is a very pure carbonate of lime, in a finely 
 divided state. 
 
 Calcis Hydras. L. Slaked Lime. Fresh lime sprinkled with 
 water till it falls into powder. 
 
 Use. To form chlorinated lime, or bleaching powder. 
 
 Calcis Murias. See Calcii Chloridum. 
 
 Calcis Phosphas Pr^ecipitatum. D. Digest 1 part of cal- 
 cined and powdered bones, with 2 of dilute muriatic acid and 2 
 of water, for 12 hours, and filter the liquor ; then add q. s. of 
 aqua ammoniae j wash and dry the precipitate. 
 
 Dose, 5 SS > m rickets, &c. An excellent basis for tooth-powders. 
 
 Calcis Sulphuretum. P. Sulphur ^x, slaked lime §xxx, 
 water Oijss; boil together till a portion dropped on a cold sur- 
 face becomes solid ; pour it on a marble slab, and, when solidi- 
 fied, break it up, and keep in well-closed vessels. 
 
 Calx. U S., L., P., D. Lime. Quick Lime. Lime re- 
 cently prepared by calcining the carbonate. 
 
 Med. Prop. Externally, escharotic. 
 Use. See Liquor Calcis. 
 
 Calx Chlorinata. U. S., L., E. Chloride of Lime. Bleach- 
 ing Powder. (Hypochlorite of Lime.) Pass chlorine gas into 
 a vessel, or chamber in which slaked lime is thinly spread, till 
 the latter is thoroughly saturated, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 39 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of a disinfectant. Employed also 
 
 for bleaching. 
 Calomelas. See Hydrargyri Chloridum Mite. 
 Calomelas Pr^ectpitatum. D. Precipitate a clear solution of 
 
 nitrate of mercury with a solution of chloride of sodium. Wash 
 
 the precipitate with distilled water, as long as the washings are 
 
 affected by liquor potassas, and dry it. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of Hydrargyri Chloridum 
 
 Mite. 
 
 Caltjmba. L. See Colomba. 
 
 C amphora. U S.j L., P., D. Camphor. The concrete sub- 
 stance derived, by heat, from Laurus Camphora, and purified by 
 sublimation. [Sumatra, or Borneo Camphor is derived from 
 the Dryobalanops Camphora, in which it exists in concrete 
 masses.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, sedative, diaphoretic; externally, anodyne. 
 
 Use. In low forms of fever, in rheumatism, after-pains, &c. 
 
 Canella. U. S., L., E. [Canella Alba, D.~\ The bark of 
 Canella alba. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, tonic, and aromatic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an ingredient in hiera picra. 
 
 Canna. E. Carina Starch. (^Tous les mois^) Fecula of a 
 
 species of Canna. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of arrow-root (Maranta). 
 
 Cantharis. U. S., L., E. [C. Vesicatoria, D.] Spanish 
 
 Plies. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diuretic, and emmenagogue ; externally, 
 
 escharotic. 
 
 Use. In passive dropsies, and chronic amenorrhoea of an enfeebled 
 character ; also in the form of cerate, for blisters. 
 
 Cantharis Yittata. U S. Potato Plies. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as the preceding. — There are 
 several other species possessing similar properties. 
 
 Cantharidina. P. Cantharidin. Exhaust powder of can- 
 
40 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 tharides with strong alcohol by percolation ; distil off the spirit 
 from the filtered tincture, and leave the residue to deposit 
 crystals, which may be purified by dissolving them in boiling 
 alcohol, digesting with animal charcoal, filtering the hot solu- 
 tion, and crystallizing by cooling. This is the active princi- 
 ple of cantharides. 
 
 Capsicum. U. S., L. [Capsicum Annuum, D.~] Cayenne Pep- 
 per. The fruit of Capsicum annuum. 
 
 Carbo Animalis. U. S. y L., E. Animal Charcoal. Bone- 
 black. Ivory-black. Obtained by burning bones (or flesh, L.), 
 in close vessels. 
 
 Use. As a decolorizing agent in making pharmaceutical prepara- 
 tions. 
 
 Carbo Animalis Purificatus. U. S., L., E. Hydrochloric 
 acid and water, each, f^xij, mix, and pour it gradually on Ibj of 
 bone-black ; digest for two days with a gentle heat, stirring fre- 
 quently. Set aside, pour off the liquor, wash the charcoal fre- 
 quently, until entirely free from acid, and then dry it. 
 
 Use. The same as the preceding. 
 
 Carbo Ligni. U. S., L., E., D. Charcoal. Prepared by 
 burning wood in close vessels. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antiseptic, and absorbent. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, attended with foetid eructations, in constipa- 
 tions, nausea of pregnancy, and as a poultice to gangrenous and 
 foetid ulcers. 
 
 Carbonis Bisulphuretum. Sulphurct, or Bisulphuret of Car- 
 bon. Heat iron pyrites with one-fifth its weight of dry char- 
 coal, in a stone retort, furnished with a glass tube dipping in 
 water. Separate the sulphuret which collects at the bottom of 
 the water, and carefully re-distil it from chloride of calcium. Or 
 pass the vapour of sulphur over charcoal, heated to redness, in a 
 porcelain tube. — Dose, as a sudorific in rheumatism, 2 or 3 
 drops, gradually increased. 
 
 Use. Externally, in liniment, for rheumatic pains. It is also 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 41 
 
 dropped (40 or 50 drops) on the part, to promote the reduction 
 of strangulated hernia. (Krimer.) 
 Carbonis Ter-Chloridum. What is sold as TercMoride of 
 Carbon appears to be an alcoholic solution of chloroform. 
 
 Cardamomum. U. S.j L., E. [Amomum Cardamomum, Z>.] 
 
 Cardamom Seeds. The fruit of Alpinea Cardamomum. 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic. 
 Use. As a stomachic, and carminative ; chiefly as an adjuvant. 
 
 Carota. U. S. (/Sec.) Wild Carrot Seed. [Dauci Radix, 
 
 L., E. Garden Carrot Root.] Products of the Daucus 
 
 Carota. 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic, and slightly excitant. 
 Use. In dropsy; the fresh root grated, as a poultice in foul 
 
 ulcers. 
 Carrageen. See Chondrus. 
 Carum. U. S. [Carui, L., E. ; Carum Carui, D.~] Caraway 
 
 Seeds. The fruit of Carum Carui. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the aromatic seeds generally. 
 Caryophyllus. U. -S., L., E., D. Cloves. The unexpanded 
 
 flowers of Caryophyllus aromaticus. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Stimulant, aromatic, and carminative; — 
 
 in nausea, &c. 
 Cascarilla. U. S., L., E.j D. Cascarilla. The bark of Cro- 
 
 ton Eleutheria. (C. Cascarilla, Z>.) 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant tonic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an adjuvant to other bitter tonics, as cin- 
 chona, &c. 
 Cassia Fistula. U. S. [Pulpa, L., E., D.~\ The fruit of the 
 
 Cassia Fistula. 
 Med. Prop. Laxative. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in combination with other laxatives. 
 Cassia Marilandica. U. S. American Senna. The leaves 
 
 of Cassia Marilandica. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as those of Senna. 
 
 4* 
 
42 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Castoreum. U. S., L., E., D. A peculiar concrete substance 
 obtained from the preputial follicles of Castor fiber or beaver. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In hysteria, amenorrhoea, and typhoid diseases. 
 
 Cataplasm A Simplex. D. Sim/pie Poultice. Oatmeal, 2 parts, 
 flaxseed meal, 1 part, mixed with boiling water, q. s. — The 
 simple flaxseed poultice, made by mixing the ground flaxseed 
 with boiling water, and the common bread-and-milk poultice, 
 made by heating together fresh milk and the crumb of bread, 
 are equally good emollient cataplasms. Fresh lard or olive oil 
 incorporated with the poultice, preserves its softness. To be 
 used warm. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Emollient ; to relieve local inflammations ; 
 and to hasten suppuration. 
 
 Cataplasma Aceti. Vinegar Poultice. Oatmeal, or bread crumb, 
 with vinegar. 
 
 Use. Applied cold, for sprains, &c. 
 
 Cataplasma Aluminis. Alum Poultice. Alum 5j, whites of 
 two eggs. Agitate together till a coagulum is formed. The 
 Alum Curd is commonly made by rubbing up the whites of 
 eggs briskly with a lump of alum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. 
 
 Use. Applied, between fine linen, to inflamed eyes, and also to 
 chilblains. 
 
 Cataplasma Anodynum. P. Poppy-heads ^j, dried henbane 
 ^ij, water ^xxiv. Boil, strain, and add to the liquor q. s. of 
 emollient meals (see Farinse Emollientes) to form a poultice. 
 Or, simple poultice ^xvj, wine of opium Jj. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and emollient. 
 
 Use. To relieve local pains. 
 
 Cataplasma Carbonis Ligni. D. Charcoal Poultice. Char- 
 coal powder incorporated with q. s. of simple poultice. 
 
 Use. An excellent application to foul and gangrenous ulcers. 
 
 Cataplasmi Conii. L.,D. Hemlock Poultice. Extract of hem- 
 lock ^ij, water Oj, ground flaxseed q. s. — D. directs a decoction 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 43 
 
 of §j dried hemlock leaves in Ojss water, boiled down to Oj, 
 to be thickened with the powdered leaves. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne. 
 
 Use. In painful ulcers j recommended in cancerous sores. 
 
 Cataplasma Dauci. D. Carrot Poultice. Carrots boiled till 
 soft, and bruised. (Simply emollient.) The fresh root grated 
 forms a slightly stimulating poultice. 
 
 Use. In flabby and foul ulcers. 
 
 Cataplasma Digitalis. L. (Mr. Allard.) A strong decoc- 
 tion of foxglove leaves, with bread crumb or flaxseed meal. 
 
 Cataplasma Discutiens. E. H. Barley-meal gvj, fresh hem- 
 lock ^ij, vinegar q. s. Boil, and add sal-ammoniac jfss. — F. IT., 
 the same, with addition of acetate of lead Jij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Discutient. 
 
 Use. To chronic swellings, and indolent tumours. 
 
 Cataplasma Effervescens. Fresh wort thickened with oat- 
 meal, and a spoonful of yeast added. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as the following. 
 
 Cataplasma Fermenti. L. [Cataplasma Cerevisise, D.~\ Yeast 
 
 Cataplasm. Flour Ibj, yeast Oss. Mix, and apply a gentle 
 
 heat till it begins to rise. 
 Med. Prop. Slightly stimulant, and antiseptic. 
 Use. To foul and flabby ulcers. 
 Cataplasma Humuli. Hop Potdtice. Hops softened with hot 
 
 water. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Anodyne and emollient; to relieve local 
 
 pains, as in rheumatism, &c. 
 
 Cataplasma Lini. L. Flaxseed Poultice. See Cataplasma 
 
 Simplex. 
 Cataplasma Panis. See Cataplasma Simplex. 
 Cataplasma Pltjmbi (yel Ooulardi). G-oulard water Oj, 
 
 bread crumb q. s. Mix together. 
 Med. Prop. Sedative, and astringent. 
 Use. In sprains, local inflammations, bruises, &c. 
 
44 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Cataplasma Sin apis. L., D. Mustard Poultice, Sinapism. 
 
 Ground flaxseed and flour of black mustard, of each, Ibss, hot 
 
 vinegar q. s. [Warm water is superior to vinegar.] 
 Med. Prop. Rubefacient and vesicant. 
 Use. To arouse the system when in a depressed state ; to produce 
 
 revulsion to the surface, and to allay spasm. 
 Cataplasma Stimulans. (Dr. Hugh Smith.) Rye flour Ibj, 
 
 old yeast ^iv, common salt ^ij. 
 Use. As a local stimulant to ill-conditioned ulcers. 
 Cataplasma Tonicum. Germ. H. Powdered Peruvian bark 
 
 ^j, charcoal ^j, camphor 3jss, oil of turpentine q. s. 
 Prop. Stimulant, and antiseptic. 
 
 Cataplasma Ulmi. Slippery Elm Poultice. The powdered 
 
 bark of Ulmus fulva mixed with boiling water. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Emollient; — in inflammations of the skin. 
 Cataria. U. S. (Sec.) Catnep. The leaves of Nepeta Cataria. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Tonic and excitant; — in amenorrhcea, 
 
 chlorosis, hysteria, and infantile colic. 
 
 Catechtj. U. S., L., E., D. The extract of the wood of Acacia 
 
 Catechu. 
 Med. Prop. A pure astringent. 
 Use. In chronic diarrhoea, and dysentery; locally, for spongy 
 
 gums, elongation of the uvula, and epistaxis. 
 Causticum Antimoniale. See Antimonii Chloridum. 
 Causticum Aureum. (Recamier.) Chloride of gold gr. v, 
 
 nitro-muriatic acid ^j ; dissolve. 
 
 Causticum Zinci. (Dr. Cauquoin's Caustics, Nos. 1, 2, and 
 3.) Mix one part chloride of zinc with two, three, and four parts 
 of wheat flour, and water q. s. to form a paste. Form it into 
 cakes or wafers of a line to four lines in thickness, according to 
 circumstances. 
 
 Used in lupus, nsevi, cancers, &c. ; to remain on the part for 24 hours, 
 then to be gently removed, and the part covered with a poultice. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 45 
 
 Centaurium. L., E., D. European Centaury. The flowering 
 
 tops of Erythroea Centaurium. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 Use. In dyspepsia, and the apyrexia of fevers. 
 
 Cera Alba. Cera Flava. U. S., L., E., D. White and 
 Yellow Wax. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in pharmacy, for making cerates and plasters. 
 
 Cerevisle Fermentum. L., D. - Yeast. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and antiseptic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly to form the yeast poultice. 
 
 Cetacetjm. U. S., L., E. } D. Spermaceti. A peculiar concrete 
 substance obtained from the Physeter macrocephalus, or sper- 
 maceti whale. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. In pharmacy, to form cerates and ointments. 
 
 Cetraria. U. S.j L.j E. [Lichen Islandicus, D.~\ Iceland 
 
 Moss. 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, tonic, and nutritious. 
 Use. In chronic catarrhs, chronic dysentery, and in convalescence. 
 
 Ceratum Calamine. L. See Ceratum Zinci Carbonatis. 
 Ceratum Calomelanos. Calomel 5J? spermaceti cerate Jiv. 
 Use. In cutaneous diseases. 
 Ceratum Camphoratum. Pommade clu frlre Oosme. Olive oil 
 
 ^xvj, yellow wax gviij ; melt together, and add camphor 5J ; stir 
 
 till it begins to thicken. 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and emollient. 
 
 Ceratum Cantharidis. U. S. [Emplastrum Cantharidis, L., 
 E.,D.~\ Emplastrum Epispasticum. Blistering Plaster. Melt 
 together yellow wax, resin, and lard, each, gviij ; add Ibj finely 
 powdered cantharidesj stir constantly till cool. 
 
 Med. Prop. Vesicant. 
 
 Use. For spreading blisters. 
 
 Ceratum Cantharidis. L. See Unguentum Cantharidis. 
 
 Ceratum Cetacei. U S.j L. [Ceratum Simplex, E. ; Unguentum 
 
46 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Cetacei, D.~] Spermaceti ^j, wliite wax §iij ; melt together; 
 then add olive oil f^vj, previously heated, and stir the mixture 
 till cool. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient, and cooling. 
 
 Use. To abraded surfaces, and to blisters. 
 
 Ceratum Cinnabaris. Alibert's Anti-herpetic Cerate. Ver- 
 milion Jj, camphor 9j, cerate §j. 
 
 Use. In obstinate herpetic eruptions. 
 
 Ceratum Cosmettcum. Pommade en crime. Oil of almonds 
 §iv, white wax 3iij, spermaceti 3ii,b rose water ^iij, tincture of 
 balsam of Mecca Jij ) mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient, and cooling. 
 
 Use. An agreeable application to chapped lips and hands. 
 
 Ceratum Crotonis. (M. Caventou.) Melt 2 J parts of lard with 
 half a part of wax, and when nearly cold, mix with it one part 
 of croton oil. 
 
 Med. Prop. Rubefacient, and vesicant. 
 
 Use. As a counter-irritant. 
 
 Ceratum G-aleni. P. Cold Cream. White wax giv, oil of 
 almonds ^xvj ; melt, and gradually add in ^xij of rose water, 
 stirring till cold. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as Ceratum Cosmeticum. 
 
 Ceratum G-oulardi. See Ceratum Plumbi Subacetatis. 
 
 Ceratum Hydrargyri Compositum. L. Strong mercurial 
 ointment ^iv, soap cerate ^iv, camphor ^j ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Discutient. 
 
 Use. To indolent tumours. 
 
 Ceratum Plumbi Subacetatis. U. S. [Ceratum Plumbi Com- 
 positum, L.~] Goidard's Cerate. White wax ^iv, olive oil 
 f^viij. Melt together; remove from the fire, and when it be- 
 gins to thicken, gradually add solution of subacetate of lead 
 f^ijss; stir till cool, and lastly add camphor Jss, dissolved in 
 olive oil f^j. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cooling, sedative, and astringent. 
 
 Use. In cutaneous eruptions, and to blisters indisposed to heal. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 47 
 
 Ceratum Resins. U. S., L. [Unguentum Resinosum, E.; 
 Unguentum. Resinas Albas, D.~\ Resin Cerate. Basilicon Oint- 
 ment. Resin %y, yellow wax ^ij, lard ^viij. Melt together; 
 strain while warm, through linen, and stir till cool. 
 
 Med. Prop. Gently stimulating. 
 
 Use. To indolent ulcers, especially those resulting from burns. 
 
 Ceratum Resins Compositum. U. S. Deshler's Salve. Melt 
 together resin, suet, and yellow wax, each Hbj, turpentine Ibss, 
 flaxseed oil Oss ; strain through linen, and stir till cold. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the preceding. 
 
 Ceratum Rosatum. P. Lip Salve. Oil of almonds gij, white 
 wax ^j, alkanet root Jj. Melt, and digest till coloured suffi- 
 ciently ; then strain, and add 6 drops of otto of roses. 
 
 Ceratum Rubrum. Yellow wax and lard, each Ibss, resin ^ss, 
 red sulphuret of mercury gr. xvj . Mix. 
 
 Use. As a common dressing. 
 
 Ceratum Sabin^e. U. S., L. } E. [Unguentum Sabinas, D.~\ 
 Savine Cerate. Savine, in powder, ^ij, to be mixed with Ibj of 
 resin cerate. [The Br. Phars. direct fresh savine leaves to be 
 boiled with lard and wax.] 
 
 Used for maintaining the discharge from blisters. 
 
 Ceratum Saponis. U S., L. Solution of subacetate of lead 
 Oij, soap ^vj, white wax ^x, olive oil Oj. Boil gently the 
 solution of the subacetate with the soap, to the consistence of 
 honey; heat in a water-bath till the moisture is dissipated; 
 lastly, add the wax, previously melted with the oil, and mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Resolvent, and sedative. 
 
 Use. To scrofulous tumours, and as a dressing over fractured 
 limbs. 
 
 Ceratum Simplex. U S. [Ceratum, L.~\ Simple Cerate. 
 Lard ^viij, white wax ^iv. Melt together, and stir constantly 
 till cool. — L. directs olive oil f^iv to be added to melted wax 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient, and cooling. 
 
48 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Use. To inflamed or abraded surfaces; also as a dressing for 
 blisters. 
 
 Ceratum Zinci Carbonatis. U. S. [Ceratuni Calaniinas, L., 
 P.; Unguentum Calaniinas, D.~] Turner's Cerate. Prepared 
 carbonate of zinc and yellow wax, each Hbss, lard Ibij . Melt the 
 wax and lard together, and as the mixture thickens on cooling, 
 add the carbonate of zinc, and stir constantly till cold. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and desiccative. 
 
 Use. In cutaneous diseases, and to abraded surfaces. 
 
 Cerei vel Cereoli. Bougies are made by dipping strips of soft 
 linen cloth, rather wider at one end than at the other, into cer- 
 tain emplastic or elastic compositions, folding them up closely, 
 and rolling them firmly on a smooth slab. For elastic bougies, 
 pieces of catgut, bundles of thread, &c, are sometimes used. 
 The following are some of the compositions held in most 
 repute : — 
 
 1. Bell's. Lead plaster giv, yellow wax ^jss, olive oil Jiij. 
 
 2. Hunter's. Olive oil Ibiij, yellow wax ibj, red lead Ibjss; 
 boil together over a slow fire till combined. 
 
 3. Swediaur's tohite. White wax Ibj, spermaceti Jiij, acetate 
 of lead from ^ij to %) ) boil together slowly. 
 
 4. St. B. H., red. "Wax Ibj, Chian turpentine ^iv; melt to- 
 gether, and add vermilion ^j. To be well stirred. 
 
 5. Piderit's wax. Yellow wax 6 parts, olive oil 1 part. 
 
 6. G-oulard's. Yellow wax, melted and mixed by stirring 
 with from -^th. to £d of G-oulard's extract of lead. — Prus. 
 Ph., Jij of G-oulard's extract to ^vj of yellow wax. 
 
 7. Falk's mercurial. Mercurial plaster ^j, turpentine 3ss, 
 powdered shell-lac gr. xv, calomel 5J? red oxide of mercury 
 
 9j- 
 
 8. Sharp's. Lead plaster gij, Burgundy pitch 9ij, prepared 
 antimony (sulphuret) ^ss; mix, and add quicksilver jfj, tri- 
 turated with oil of sulphur q. s. 
 
 9. Dr. Reece. Lead plaster, tar, and powdered belladonna, 
 spread on linen. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 49 
 
 10. Elastic. Boiled linseed oil ^xij, amber ^iv, oil of turpen- 
 tine jfiv, caoutchouc $v ) this varnish is repeatedly applied 
 to the web. 
 
 Cerevisia Abietina. (Dr. Wood.) Spruce Beer. Essence of 
 spruce Oss, pimento and ginger, bruised, each §v, hops %y, 
 water Cong, iij ; boil for 5 or 10 minutes, strain, add Cong, xj 
 of warm water, yeast Oj, molasses Ovj. Let it ferment for 24 
 hours. 
 
 Cerevisia Diuretic a. E. H. Mustard seed (whole) gviij, 
 juniper leaves ^viij, wild carrot seed ^iij, wormwood ^ij, new 
 small ale Cong. x. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic. 
 
 Use. As a drink in dropsies. 
 
 Cerevisia Picis. (Dtjhamel.) Tar Beer. Bran Oij, tar Oj, 
 honey Oss, water Ovj ; mix them in an earthen vessel, and 
 simmer over a slow fire for 3 hours ', when cool, add yeast Oss, 
 and let it work for 30 hours, and strain. — Dose, a wineglassful 
 before meals. 
 
 Use. In bronchial affections, and incipient phthisis. 
 
 Cerevisia Zingiberis. (Donovan.) Ginger Beer. Infuse ^ijss 
 of bruised ginger in Cong, iv of boiling water. When cool, 
 strain, and add fbiv of white sugar, Oss of solid yeast, and ^ij 
 of cream of tartar. Ferment in a warm situation, and when the 
 fermentation subsides, rack off the clear liquor, and return it 
 into the cooler, previously cleansed. In a day or two, bottle it. 
 
 Use. An agreeable stomachic drink. 
 
 Charta Antirheumatica. (M. Berg.) Euphorbium 30 parts, 
 cantharides 15 parts, alcohol 150 parts; digest 8 days, filter 
 and add black resin 50 parts, turpentine 50 parts. Thin paper 
 is to be brushed over 2 or 3 times with this varnish. (To be 
 applied, gently heated, over the part.) 
 
 The following is said to resemble Poor Man's Plaster: — 
 Black resin 3 parts, tar 2 parts, yellow wax 1 part. To be 
 melted and spread upon paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant. 
 
 5 
 
50 AMEKICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Use. As a mild irritant and revulsive. 
 
 Charta Epispastica cum Cantharide. For keeping blisters 
 open. "White wax ^j, spermaceti 3jiij, olive oil Jiv, turpentine 
 3j, cantharides from 5J to 9iv, water 3 X ; boil slowly in a 
 tinned vessel for 2 hours, constantly stirring, and filter through 
 flannel. To be spread upon paper. 
 
 Charta pro Fontictjlis. (Sotjbeiran.) Issue Paper. White 
 wax 10 parts, spermaceti 5, elemi 5, turpentine 6 ; melt over a 
 slow fire, and strain. To be spread on paper by a proper 
 machine. 
 
 Chenopodium. U. 8. Wormseed. The fruit of Chenopodium 
 anthelminticum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. To destroy lumbrici in children. 
 
 Chimaphila. U. $., L. [Pyrola, E. ; Pyrola Umbellata, Z>.] 
 Pipsisseiva. The leaves of Chimaphila umbellata. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, alterative, astringent, and reputed diuretic. 
 Use. In scrofula, and disorders of the bladder. 
 
 Chlorinitjm. Chlorine Gas may be procured by gently heating 
 hydrochloric acid with half its weight of black oxide of manga- 
 nese, in a flask or retort. 
 
 Chloroformum. Chloroform. Distil together chloride of lime 1 
 part, water 3 parts, and alcohol 3 parts, placed in a capacious 
 retort, into a refrigerated receiver. The heavy oily fluid (chlo- 
 roform) is separated from the water, and may be rectified by 
 re-distilling with oil of vitriol. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antispasmodic, sedative, and narcotic. 
 
 Use. In severe neuralgia, and by inhalation as an anaesthetic. 
 
 Chocolata. Chocolate. The nuts are picked, slightly roasted 
 to loosen the envelopes, broken, winnowed and cleansed, again 
 heated and ground in a mill. The powder is then beaten to a 
 paste in a warm iron mortar, and mixed with sugar. 
 
 Med. Prop. Nutritious, and demulcent. 
 
 Chocolat de Sante. P. 90 pounds each, of the richer and infe- 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 51 
 
 rior kinds of cacao (Cacao Caraque and Maraignan), treated as 
 above, with 160 pounds of sugar, and 1 ounce of cinnamon. 
 
 Chocolata Martis. (Trousseau.) Spanish Chocolate ^xvj, 
 subcarbonate of iron ^ss. Triturate on a warm slab, and divide 
 into cakes of ^j, each. Some direct levigated filings of iron. 
 
 Med. Prop. Chalybeate, and nutritious. 
 
 Use. In amenorrhoea, chlorosis, anaemia, dyspepsia, &c. 
 
 Chocolata cum Salep. To ^xvj of prepared chocolate add ^ss 
 of powdered salep. Arrow-root and tapioca are mixed with 
 chocolate in the same proportion. A mixture very similar to 
 the foregoing constitutes the RacJiohout des Arahes, much used 
 by invalids. 
 
 Chondrus. U. S. (Sec.) Irish Moss. Carrageen. Chondrus 
 crispus. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and nutritious. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an article of diet. 
 
 Cimicifuga. U S. (Sec.) Black Snake-root. Cohosh. The 
 root of Cimicifuga racemosa. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, diuretic, diaphoretic, expectorant, and em- 
 menagogue. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in chorea, and rheumatism. 
 
 Cinchona. U. S., L., P., D. Peruvian Bark. The bark of 
 different species of Cinchona, derived from the western coast 
 of South America. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and antiperiodic. 
 
 Use. In low forms of disease, and in all intermittent and remit- 
 tent disorders. 
 
 Cinchonia. Cmchonine is procured from the Gray Bark (C. 
 pallida), in the same manner as Quinia. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of Quinia. 
 
 Cinchonia Disulphas. As Quiniae Disulphas. 
 
 Cinnamomum. U. S., L., P., JD. [Cassise Cortex, P.; Cassia, 
 D.~\ The bark of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum, and of C. aromati- 
 cum. (Nees.) 
 
52 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic, and astringent. 
 
 Use. As an adjuvant, in diarrhoea and dysentery. 
 
 Cocculus. E. [Cocculus Suberosus, D.~\ Coccalus Indicus. 
 Fruit of Anamirta Cocculus. 
 
 Prop. Stimulant, narcotic, and poisonous; — not used in medi- 
 cine. m 
 
 Coccus. U S. [Cocci, L., E.; Coccus Cacti, D.~\ Cochineal. 
 
 Use. To impart a fine red colour. 
 
 Codeia. This alkaloid is left in the solution, when ammonia is 
 added to ordinary muriate of morphia, and it is obtained by eva- 
 porating the residual liquor, crystallizing, treating the salt with 
 liquor potassse, dissolving the precipitate in ether, and evapo- 
 rating. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, with an apparent tendency to the sympa- 
 thetic nerve. 
 
 Colchici Radix et Semen. U.S. [Colchici Cormus, L., E.; 
 Colchicum Autumnale. Bulbus, D. ; Colchici Semina, L., E. ; 
 Colchicum Autumnale. Semina, D.~\ The cormus and seeds 
 of Colchicum autumnale, or Meadow saffron. 
 
 Med. Prop. Sedative, narcotic, diuretic, diaphoretic, emetic, and 
 cathartic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in gout, and rheumatism ; also in dropsies, and dis- 
 eases of the circulatory system. 
 
 Colchicinia. The active principle of Colchicum. Digest colchi- 
 cum seeds in boiling alcohol, precipitate by magnesia, treat the 
 precipitate with boiling alcohol, and evaporate the filtered 
 solution. 
 
 Collutoria. Mouth-washes. They are of a thicker consistence 
 than gargles, and are prepared extemporaneously. 
 
 Collyria. Eye-waters. Aquse Ophthalmicse. These are noticed 
 under other heads. 
 
 CoLLYRlUM AciDUM. (Krimer.) For removing particles of iron 
 from the eye. Muriatic acid ^xx, mucilage ^j, rose-water ^ij. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 53 
 
 Colocynthis. U S., L., E. [Cucumis Colocynthis, Z>.] The 
 fruit of Cucumis Colocynthis, deprived of its rind. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A hydragogue, drastic cathartic. 
 
 Colomba. U S. y D. [Caluruba, L., E.~\ Root of Cocculus 
 palmatus. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, chronic diarrhoea, and dysentery, &c. 
 
 Confectio Amygdala. L. [Conserva Amygdalae, E.~] Sweet 
 almonds, blanched, ^viij, powdered gum Arabic ^j, white sugar 
 ^iv. Beat together to a uniform mass. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Confectio Aromatica. U. S., L., D. [Electuarium Aromati- 
 cum, E.~] Aromatic powder ^vss, powdered saffron ^ss; to be 
 rubbed together. Then add syrup of orange peel ^vj, clarified 
 honey ^ij, and beat them together till thoroughly mixed. 
 
 Use. An agreeable aromatic vehicle for other medicines. 
 
 Confectio Aurantii Corticis. U. S. [Confectio Aurantii, L. ; 
 Conserva Aurantii, E.~\ Fresh orange peel, grated, Ibj, white 
 sugar ibiij ; beat together till thoroughly mixed. 
 
 Use. As a pleasant vehicle for other medicines. 
 
 Confectio Cassle. L. Cassia pulp Ibss, manna ^ij, tamarind 
 pulp ^j, syrup of roses ^viij. Dissolve the bruised manna in 
 the syrup, add the pulps, and evaporate to a due consistence. 
 
 Use. Same as the preceding. 
 
 Confectio Cinchona. St. B. H. Powdered yellow bark 3vj, 
 
 powdered ginger 3ss, treacle ^iijss. — Dose, 3j to 3ij- 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as those of Cinchona. 
 
 Confectio Conii. (Dr. Osborne.) Fresh hemlock leaves, beaten 
 up with an equal weight of treacle. Dr. 0. proposes to prepare 
 other narcotic plants in the same manner. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of Conium. 
 
 Confectio Damocratis. Mithridate. It consisted of 45 in- 
 gredients, and contained one grain of opium in £ss. 
 
 5* 
 
54 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Confectio Ferri Subcarbonatis. St. B. S. Subcarbonate of 
 iron ^ss, treacle q. s. — Dose, Jss. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the chalybeates generally. 
 
 Confectio Ferri Tartarizati. St. B. H. Cream of tartar 
 ifjss, tartarized iron 3ij, powdered ginger 9j, treacle ^ijss. 
 Dose, 3ij, three times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Chalybeate, and aromatic; — in chlorosis, &c. 
 
 Confectio Jalaps Composita. St. B. H. Powdered jalap 
 5ij, cream of tartar §jss, ginger 9j, treacle ^ijss. — Dose, 3ij. 
 
 Med. Prop. A brisk hydragogue cathartic. 
 
 Confectio Opii. U S., L., D. [Electnarinm Opii, E.~\ Opium, 
 in powder, 3ivss, aromatic powder ^vj, clarified honey ^xiv. 
 Rub the opium with the aromatic powder ; then beat them with 
 the honey till thoroughly mixed. — One grain of opium is con- 
 tained in about 36 grains of the confection. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Opium. 
 
 Confectio Piperis Nigri. L., D. [Electuarium Pi-peris, E.~\ 
 Ward's Paste. Black pepper Ibj, elecampane Ibj, fennel seed 
 ibiij, white sugar Ifoij. Reduce them to a very fine powder, and 
 keep it in a close vessel. When required for use, mix ^vij of 
 the powder with ^ij of honey. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant. 
 
 Use. In haemorrhoids. — Dose, 3J -r J- 
 
 Confectio Ros^e. U. S. [Confectio Rosse Grallicee, L. ; Con- 
 serva Rosas, E., _D.] Powdered red roses ^iv, refined sugar, in 
 powder, ^xxx, clarified honey ^vj, rose water f^viij. Rub the 
 roses with the rose water at a boiling heat, then add gradually 
 the sugar and honey, and beat together till thoroughly mixed. 
 The Br. Phars. direct the fresh roses. 
 
 Med. Prop. Slightly astringent. 
 
 Use. As a vehicle for other medicines. 
 
 Confectio Ros^e Canine. L. Pulp of fruit of dog-rose Ibj, 
 white sugar ^ xx ; heat the pulp gently in an earthen vessel, 
 gradually add the sugar, and rub together until they are incor- 
 porated. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 55 
 
 Med. Prop. Acidulous, and refrigerant. 
 Use. As a vehicle. 
 
 Confectio Scammonii. L. [Electuarium Scainmonium, E.~\ 
 Scammony ^jss, cloves 3yj, ginger 5^j J powder finely, and 
 add syrup of roses q. s. ; rub together with oil of caraway fjss 
 The powders are directed to be kept mixed, and the syrup and 
 oil added when required for use. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic. 
 
 Confectio Senn^. U. JS., L. [Electuarium Sennae, E., D.~\ 
 Lenitive Electuary. Senna ifviij, coriander seed ^iv, bruised 
 liquorice root ^iij, figs Hbj, pulp of prunes, pulp of tamarinds, 
 pulp of purging cassia, each, fbss, white sugar flbijss, water Oiv. 
 Rub the senna and coriander together, and separate 10 ounces 
 of the powder with a sieve. Boil the residue with the figs and 
 liquorice root, in the water, to one-half; press out the liquor, and 
 strain ; evaporate the strained liquor, by means of a water-bath, 
 to Ojss, then add the sugar, and form a syrup. Lastly, rub the 
 pulps with the syrup, and, having thrown in the sifted powder, 
 beat all together till thoroughly mixed. 
 
 Med. Prop. A gentle laxative. — Dose $ij. 
 
 Confectio Stanni. St. B. H. Powdered tin gj, confection of 
 dog-rose ^ij ; mix. — Dose ^ss, every morning. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic. 
 
 Confectio Sulphuris Composita. St. B. H. Precipitated 
 sulphur gss, cream of tartar 3j, clarified honey gj ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Cathartic; — in constipation, rheumatism, &c. 
 
 Coneia. (G-eiger.) The active (alkaloid) principle of Conium 
 onacidatum, procured by distilling soft alcoholic extract of 
 conium seeds with its weight of water, and a little caustic 
 potash. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, poisonous. 
 
 Conii Folia et Semen. U. S., L. Leaves and seeds (Leaves, 
 E., P.) of Conium maculatum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic and resolvent. 
 
56 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Use. As a palliative in cancer ; also, as a general anodyne ; ex- 
 ternally, to cancerous sores. 
 
 Contrayerva. U. S. (Sec.) The root of Dorstenia Contra- 
 
 yerva. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, tonic, and diaphoretic. 
 Use. In low fevers, typhoid dysentery, and diarrhoea. 
 Convolvulus Panduratus. U. S. (Sec.) Wild Potato. 
 
 The root of Convolvulus panduratus. 
 Med. Prop. Feebly cathartic, and diuretic. 
 
 Copaiba. U. S., L., E., D. The juice of Copaifera officinalis, 
 
 and other species of Copaifera. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diuretic, and, in large doses, purgative ; 
 
 it acts also upon the mucous membranes generally. 
 Use. In gonorrhoea, gleet, dysentery, kc. 
 
 Coptis. U. S. (Sec.) Gold Thread. The root of Coptis tri- 
 
 folia. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, and in convalescence. 
 Corallia Pr^parata. Corals are prepared as Chalk. See 
 
 Creta Prseparata. 
 Coriandrum. U S., L., E. [C. Sativum, D.~] The fruit of 
 
 Corianclrum sativum. 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic. 
 Use. Chiefly as an adjuvant. 
 Cornu. L., E. [Cornua Cervina, D.~\ Hartshorn. Horn of 
 
 Cervus Elaphus. 
 Use. To prepare a demulcent and nutritious jelly. 
 
 Cornu Ustum. L. } D. Burn pieces of stag's horn in an open 
 vessel till they are perfectly white, then powder and prepare 
 them as Chalk. See Creta Pragparata. 
 
 Cornus Circixata. U S. (Sec.) Round-leaved Dogv:ood. 
 The bark of Cornus circinata. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the following. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 57 
 
 Cornus Florida. U S. Dogwood. The bark of Cornus Flo- 
 rida. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and astringent. 
 
 Use. In the apyrexia of fevers. 
 
 Cornus Sericea. U S. (Sec.) Swamp Dogioood. The bark 
 of Cornus sericea. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the preceding. 
 
 Cotula. U. S. (Sec.) May-weed. The herb of Anthemis Co- 
 tula. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Anthemis. 
 
 Creasotum. U. S., E. [Creasoton, L., P.] Distil wood tar 
 in an iron retort till white vapours appear ; collect the heavy 
 oily matter which forms the lower layer of the product, and 
 wash it with water slightly acidulated with sulphuric acid; 
 then distil it in a glass retort (rejecting the first portions, 
 which are chiefly eupione), and heat the product with a solution 
 of potassa, at sp. gr. 1*12, shaking the mixture strongly. 
 When it has settled, pour off the layer of eupione from the sur- 
 face, and expose the combined potash and creasote to the air 
 till it becomes black ; then saturate with dilute sulphuric acid, 
 pour away the watery liquid, and distil the product in glass. 
 Repeat the treatment by exposure, potash, sulphuric acid, and 
 distillation, three times, or oftener, till the combination of crea- 
 sote and potash ceases to become coloured by the action of the 
 air; then saturate it with concentrated phosphoric acid, and 
 distil the creasote, rejecting the first portions. (P.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Irritant, narcotic, styptic, antiseptic, and escharotic. 
 
 Use. In certain irritable conditions of the stomach, in hsemate- 
 mesis; externally, in chronic skin diseases; also, to arrest 
 hemorrhages. 
 
 Cremor Taraxaci. (Dr. Collier.) Wash fresh dandelion 
 roots, cut them in slices, and sprinkle them with spirit of juni- 
 per ; then express the juice by means of an iron press. The 
 creamy juice will keep for a considerable time. — Dose, a table- 
 spoonful 2 or 3 times a day. 
 
58 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as those of Taraxacum. 
 
 Creta. U.S., L., E. [Calcis Carbonas, D.} Chalk. See 
 the following. 
 
 Creta Pr^iparata. U. S., L., E., D. Rub chalk very fine 
 with a little water ; stir this into a large quantity of water, and 
 when the coarse particles have subsided, pour off the superna- 
 tant turbid liquor into another vessel, and let it settle. Pour 
 off the water, and dry the powder. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, astringent, and absorbent. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea, accompanied with acidity; externally, to 
 burns and ulcers, to absorb the ichorous discharge. 
 
 Crocus. U S., L., E. [Crocus Sativus, D.] Saffron. The 
 
 stigmas of Crocus sativus. 
 Med. Prop. Reputed stimulant, diaphoretic, and emmenagogue. 
 Use. Chiefly to impart colour and flavour to officinal tinctures. 
 
 Cubeba. U. S., D. [Piper Cubeba, L.; Cubebae, E.~\ The 
 
 berries of Piper Cubeba. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, aromatic, and diuretic. 
 Use. Chiefly in gonorrhoea, gleet, and catarrh of the bladder. 
 
 Cupri Acetas et Diacetas. The diacetate or subacetate of cop- 
 per (Cupri Subacetas, U S. ; iErugo, L., E.), commonly called 
 Verdigris, is made by the action of fermenting marc of grapes, 
 or of vinegar, on sheets of copper. The acetate is made by dis- 
 solving verdigris in acetic acid, and crystallizing. 
 
 Very seldom used. 
 
 Cuprum Ammoniatum. U. S., E., D. [Cupri Ammonio-sul- 
 phas, L.~\ Sulphate of copper ^ss, carbonate of ammonia Jvj ; 
 rub together in a mortar till effervescence ceases; then wrap the 
 mass in bibulous paper, and dry it by a gentle heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In epilepsy, chorea, and hysteria. 
 
 Cupri Sulphas. U. S., L., E., D. Blue Vitriol. Dissolve 
 copper in dilute sulphuric acid; evaporate, and crystallize. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 59 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and tonic; in large doses, emetic; ex- 
 ternally, stimulant, styptic, and escharotic. 
 
 Use. In intermittent fever, and chronic diarrhoea ; externally, in 
 ophthalmia, ulcers, and mucous discharges. 
 
 Curcuma. U. S. (/Sec), L., E. [C. Longa, D.~\ Turmeric. 
 The rhizoma of Curcuma longa. 
 
 Use. To impart colour. 
 
 Cydonia. L. Quince Seeds. From Cydonia vulgaris. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Cyminum. L. [Cuminum, E.~\ Cumin Seed. Fruit of the 
 Cuminum Cyminum. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the Aromatics. 
 
 Decocta. Decoctions. The roots, barks, woods, &c, require to be 
 sliced or bruised. The purest and softest water should be used. 
 In compound decoctions, the various ingredients should be added 
 at different periods of the process, according to the length of 
 time required to extract their virtues. Glass or earthenware 
 vessels are preferable, as a general rule. When sufficiently 
 boiled, the liquid should be strained. 
 
 Decoctum Adstringens. . (Swediaur.) Oak bark, tormentil root, 
 pomegranate rind, of each, ^i], water Ibj, milk Ibj ; boil for a 
 quarter of an hour, adding ^ij of cinnamon, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the Astringents generally. 
 
 Decoctum Aloes Compositum. L. Extract of liquorice £vij, 
 carbonate of potassa 3J? aloes, myrrh, saffron, each, 3jss, water 
 Ojss. Boil to Oj, strain, and add compound tincture of carda- 
 mom f^vij. — E. and D. direct aloes, myrrh, saffron, each, Jj, 
 extract of liquorice §ss, carbonate of potassa 9ij, water f^xvj. 
 Boil to f^xij, filter, and add compound tincture of cardamom 
 
 Med. Prop. A tonic, cordial cathartic, and antacid. 
 Use. In constipation with dyspepsia, and amenorrhcea. 
 Decoctum ALTHiE^. D. [Mistura Alfchsese, E.~\ Marshmallow 
 herb and root, dried, ^iv, raisins, stoned, ^ij, water Ovij. Boil 
 
60 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 down to Ov, and strain the liquor ; allow the dregs to subside, 
 and then decant. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the mucilages and demulcents. 
 
 Decoctum Avenge. Guy's H. Gruel. Oatmeal !§j, cold water 
 f^iv; mix, and add Oiij of boiling water; boil for an hour, and 
 strain through a hair sieve. 
 
 Use. A nutritive, bland diet for the sick and convalescent. 
 
 Decoctum Cetrari^. U. S., L. [Decoctum Lichenis Islandici, 
 D.~\ Iceland moss ^ss, water Ojss; boil down to Oj, and strain 
 with compression. The bitterness is sometimes removed by first 
 infusing the moss in boiling water for a quarter of an hour. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Cetraria. 
 
 Decoctum Chenopodii. (Dr. Wood.) Fresh leaves of the Che- 
 nopodium anthelminticum ^j, milk Oj ; boil. — Dose, a wine- 
 glassful, with some aromatic. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Chenopodium. 
 
 Decoctum Chimaphil^;. U. S., L. [Decoctum Pyrolae, D.~] 
 Pipsissewa, bruised, ^j, water Ojss; boil down to a pint, and 
 strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Chimaphila. 
 
 Decoctum Chondri. . Macerate ^ss of carrageen (Irish moss) for 
 10 minutes in cold water ; remove the moss, free it from the 
 water, and boil it in Oiij of milk or water for 15 minutes, and 
 strain. Flavour, and sweeten to the taste. Ad libitum. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Nutritive and demulcent; — as an article 
 of diet. 
 
 Decoctum Cinchona. U. S., L., E., D. Peruvian bark, bruised, 
 ^j, water Oj. Boil for ten minutes in a covered vessel, and 
 strain while hot. — D. directs the pale bark. The preparation 
 is much improved by adding to the pint of water 5J of aromatic, 
 or dilute sulphuric acid, which more completely exhausts the bark. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Cinchona. 
 
 Decoctum Cinchona cum Serpentaria. (Sir J. Pringle.) 
 Peruvian bark Jiij, water Oj ; boil to Oss, and infuse in the hot 
 decoction 3iij of serpentaria root. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 61 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the preceding, though more 
 
 efficient. 
 Decoctum Colocynthidis. Bat. Ph. Colocynth pulp £j, water 
 
 ^viij ' y boil for 10 minutes, strain, and when cool, add syrup of 
 
 orange peel gj, ether £j. — Dose, gss 3 times a day. 
 Med. Prop. A drastic hydragogue cathartic. 
 Use. In dropsies, &c. 
 Decoctum Cornus Florida. U. S. Dogwood hark, bruised, gj, 
 
 water Oj ) boil for 10 minutes in a covered vessel, and strain 
 
 while hot. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Cornus Florida. 
 Decoctum Cydonl#). L. Quince seeds 3ij, water Oj ; boil for 
 
 10 minutes, and then strain. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent mucilage, for the eyes, skin, &c. 
 
 Decoctum Dulcamara. U. S., L. } E., D. Bittersweet stalks, 
 bruised, ^j, water Ojss; boil down to Oj, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Dulcamara. 
 
 Decoctum Ergotje. (Pereira.) Ergot Jj, water f^vj ; boil for 
 10 minutes, and strain. — For three doses. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Ergota. 
 
 Decoctum GtEOEeroy^:. D. Cabbage-tree bark, bruised, |jj, 
 water Oij ; boil down to Oj, and to the strained liquor add ^ij 
 of syrup of orange peel. Dose for an adult, gss to ^j. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A good anthelmintic. 
 
 Decoctum G-eranii. Dried root of cranesbill (Geranium macu- 
 latum) ^j, water f^xxiv; boil to f^xvj. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. The root boiled in milk is an excellent 
 remedy for infantile cholera and diarrhoea. (Chapman.) 
 
 Decoctum GtlycyrrhizvE. D. Liquorice root gjss, water f^xvj ; 
 
 boil for ten minutes and strain. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A demulcent drink ; used also to flavour. 
 
 Decoctum GtRANati. L. Pomegranate rind ^ij, water Ojss; 
 
 boil down to Oj. 
 Use. As an astringent gargle, &c. 
 
 6 
 
62 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Decocttjm Granati Vermifugum. \_Apozime Vermifuge, P.] 
 Dried bark of pomegranate root ^ij, water ^xxiv, boil slowly to 
 ^xvj, and strain. (The form used in India is gviij of the fresh 
 bark boiled in Oiij of water to Oij. Dose, a wineglassful re- 
 peated every half hour, or as the patient can bear it.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. To expel taenia. 
 
 Decoctum Guaiaci. [Compositum, D.; Decoctum Lignoruin, 
 E.~\ G-uaiac turnings ^iij, raisins §ij, water Oviij ; boil to 
 Ov, adding towards the end, liquorice root %}, sassafras ^j ; strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent; reputed alterative. 
 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, syphilis, &c. 
 
 Decoctum ILematoxyli. U. S., E. Easped logwood ^j, water 
 Oij ', boil to Oj, and strain. [E. directs £j of cinnamon to be 
 added towards the end of the process.] 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild astringent. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea, &c. 
 
 Decoctum Hordei. U. S. } L., D. Barley Water. Pearl barley 
 ^ij, wash it with cold water; boil it a few minutes with Oss of 
 water ; throw this away, and boil the barley with Oiij of water, 
 poured boiling hot upon it, to Oij, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. As a drink in fevers and inflammations, chiefly of the mu- 
 cous membrane, alimentary canal, and urinary organs. 
 
 Decoctum Hordei Compositum. L. y D. Decoction of barley 
 Oij, figs ^ijss, raisins ^ijss, liquorice root $v, water Oj ; boil to 
 Oij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and gently laxative. 
 
 Decoctum Juniperi Compositum. St. B. H. Juniper berries 
 ^ij, cream of tartar ^iij? water Oiv; boil to Oij, strain, and 
 add comp. spirit of juniper f^ij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic and refrigerant. 
 
 Use. As a drink in dropsies. 
 
 Decoctum Lusitanicum. Lisbon Diet Brink. The Decoc. Sarzae 
 Comp. is now substituted for it. 
 

 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 63 
 
 Decoctum Malti. (Swediaur.) Ground malt gvj, water Ibv; 
 boil to Ibiv^ and strain. — ^ij of lemon syrup may be added. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic and demulcent. 
 
 Decoctum Malv^ Compositum. L. Dried mallows gj, cha- 
 momile flowers ^ss, water Oj; boil for 15 minutes, and strain. 
 
 Use. For fomentations and enemata. 
 
 Decoctum Mezerei. E., D. Mezereon in chips, Jij, liquorice 
 
 root gss, water Oij ; boil to Oj, and strain. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Mezereum. 
 Decoctum Papaveris. L., E., D. Poppy -heads (without the 
 
 seeds) ^iv, water Oiv \_E. Oiij ; D. Oij] ; boil 15 minutes, and 
 
 strain. 
 Med. Prop. Emollient, and gently anodyne. 
 Use. To foment painful parts. 
 
 Decoctum Quercus Alb^e. U. S. [Decoc. Quercus. L., E., D.~] 
 White oak bark bruised ^j, water Ojss; boil down to Oj, and 
 strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. A good astringent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly externally to indolent and flabby ulcers, — as a bath 
 in chronic cholera infantum and diarrhoea, and as a gargle. 
 
 Decoctum Rubi. (Dr. Wood.) Smaller roots (or bark of the 
 larger roots) of Rubus villosus %], water f^xxiv; boil to f^xvj. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. 
 
 Use. In chronic diarrhoea. 
 
 Decoctum Rumicis Aquatici. (Dr. A. T. Thomson.) Water- 
 dock root dried ^j (or fresh, ^ij), water Oj ; boil for 15 minutes, 
 and strain. 
 
 Use. In chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Decoctum Salicis. (Wilkinson.) Broad-leaved willow bark 
 ijss; bruise, and macerate in Ibij of water for 6 hours; boil 
 for 15 minutes, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic and astringent. 
 
 Use. As an antiperiodic. 
 
 Decoctum Sambuci. (Sydenham.) Inner bark of elder 5J, 
 water Oj, milk Oj ; boil down to Oj. 
 
64 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop. Hydragogue cathartic, and emetic. 
 
 Use. In dropsies, and as an alterative. 
 
 Decoctum Saponarle. (Swediaur.) Soapwort gij, water Ibiv ; 
 boil to flbj, and strain. — Taken as Decoctum Sarsaparillse. 
 
 Med. Prop. Reputed alterative. 
 
 Decoctum Sarsaparilla. D. [Decoc. Sarzas, L., E.~] Sar- 
 saparilla gv, boiling water Oiv; macerate for 4 (2&, 2) hours 
 near the fire ; take out, and bruise the root ; return it to the 
 liquor; again macerate for 2 hours; boil down to Oij, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Sarsaparilla. 
 
 Decoctum Sarsaparilla [Sarzge, L., E.~] Compositum. U. S., 
 D.~\ Sarsaparilla, bruised, ^vj, sassafras, rasped guaiacum wood, 
 bruised liquorice root, each ^j, mezereon Jiij, water Oiv; boil 
 for a quarter of an hour, and strain. — The Br. Phars. direct the 
 Decoc. Sarzae, boiling, Oiv, sassafras, guaiacum wood, liquorice 
 root, each Jx, mezereon Jiij ; boil for a quarter of an hour, and 
 strain. This process is inferior to that of U. S., in consequence 
 of the long boiling of the sarsaparilla. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative. 
 
 Use. In secondary syphilis, chronic rheumatism, and skin 
 diseases. 
 
 Decoctum Sarza cum Ichthyocolla. Tisane de Feltz. Sarsa- 
 parilla ^iij, isinglass ^ss, sulphuret of antimony (tied up in a 
 rag) 3iij? water Ov; boil to Oijss, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Decoctum Sarza cum Senna. Tisane de Vinache. (Cadet.) 
 Sarsaparilla ^jss, China root ^jss, guaiacum wood ^jss, sulphuret 
 of antimony (tied up in a rag) ^ij, water Ov; boil to Oiij, and 
 add sassafras ^iv, senna ^iv; infuse for 1 hour, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, and slightly purgative. 
 
 Use. As the former. 
 
 Decoctum Scilla Compositum. Dried squill giij, juniper ber- 
 ries ^iv, senega ^iij, water Oiv. Boil to Oij ; strain, and add 
 spirit of nitric ether ^iv. 
 
 Use. As a diuretic, in dropsies. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 65 
 
 Decoctum Scoparii Compositum. L. Broom-tops, juniper 
 berries, dandelion root, each, ^ss, water Ojss; boil to Oj, and 
 strain. — E. omits the dandelion, and adds bitartrate of potassa 
 3iij. — Dose, a wineglassful 3 times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic, in dropsies. 
 
 Decoctum Seneg^e. U. S., L., D. Seneka, bruised, ^j, water 
 
 Oiss; boil to Oj, and strain. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Senega. 
 Decoctum Spigeli^e. Pink-root and senna, each, ^ss, water Oj ; 
 
 boil for a few minutes, and strain. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent anthelmintic for children. 
 
 Decoctum Sponging. (Hufeland.) Burnt sponge ^j, water Ibj ; 
 
 boil, digest for 12 hours, strain, and add cinnamon water f^ij. 
 
 Dose, fgj. 
 Med. Prop. Alterative. 
 Use. In goitre. 
 Decoctum Staphisagrije. Stavesacre seeds ^j, water Oij ; boil 
 
 for a few minutes, and strain. For external use, in neuralgia, 
 
 rheumatism, and paralysis. 
 Decoctum Taraxaci. U. S., E., D. Dandelion root, bruised, 
 
 ^ij, water Oij ; boil to Oj, and strain. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Taraxacum. 
 
 Decoctum Tormentill^e. L. Tormentil root gij, water Ojss ; 
 
 boil to Oj, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. 
 
 Decoctum Ulmi. L., D. Fresh elm bark, bruised, gijss, dis- 
 tilled water Oij ; boil to Oj, and strain. Used in scaly skin 
 diseases. [The Ulmus of the U. S. Phar. is the inner bark 
 of Ulmus fulva, or Slippery Elm. It forms with water a muci- 
 lage; very useful as a demulcent, both internally and ex- 
 ternally.] 
 
 Decoctum Uv^e Ursi. U. S., L. Bearberry leaves, 3j, water 
 Ojss; boil to Oj, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Uva Ursi. 
 
 6* 
 
66 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Decoctum Veratri. L., D. White hellebore root, in powder 
 3x, water Oij ; boil to Oj, and strain, and add rectified spirit 
 f^iij. [f^ijss, D.~\ — For external use in skin diseases. 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of Veratram Album. 
 
 Decoctum Yerbasci. (Dr. Home.) Leaves of great mullein 
 ^ij, water Oij ; boil for 20 minutes, and strain. — Dose, f^iv. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoeas. Also as a fomentation. 
 
 Decoctum Zittmani. Zittman's Decoction is a preparation of 
 sarsaparilla much used in G-erniany for the same purposes as 
 the Decoctum Sarsaparillas Compositum. It contains a very 
 small portion of mercury. 
 
 Delphinium. U. S. (Sec.) Larkspur. The root of Delphinium 
 consolida. 
 
 Delphinia. Delphine. Treat alcoholic extract of stavesacre seeds 
 with water acidulated with sulphuric acid, as long as anything 
 is dissolved ; add ammonia to the filtered solution ; collect and 
 dry the precipitate, and redissolve it in rectified spirit ; filter 
 through charcoal, and evaporate it carefully to dryness. — Dose, 
 gr. ss. Used also outwardly, as veratria. 
 
 Digitalis. U. S., E. [Digitalis Purpurea, L., D.~\ The leaves 
 (and seeds, L.) of Digitalis purpurea. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, and sedative, especially to the circulatory 
 system; diuretic. 
 
 Use. In hypertrophy and dilatation of the heart, and aneurism ; 
 in inflammations, active hemorrhages, and in dropsies. 
 
 Digitalina. Digitaline. (Henry.) Exhaust powdered digi- 
 talis by percolation or digestion with spirit of sp. gr. -860. Filter, 
 distil off the spirit, dissolve the residue in water acidulated with 
 acetic acid, precipitate with infusion of galls, collect the precipi- 
 tate, mix it with powdered litharge and a little spirit ; dry the 
 paste, digest it at a very gentle heat with rectified spirit, distil 
 off the spirit, and agitate the residue with ether. What remains 
 is digitaline. It is said to be 100 times as strong as powdered 
 digitalis. — Not employed, as yet, in medicine. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 67 
 
 Diosma. U. S. } L., E. y D. Buchu. The leaves of Diosma 
 crenata. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diuretic, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. In gravel, and disorders of the bladder. 
 
 Diospyros. U. S. (Sec.) Persimmon. The bark of Diospyros 
 Yirginiana. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. 
 
 Use. In chronic dysentery, &c. (The unripe fruit is still more 
 efficacious as an astringent.) 
 
 Dracontium. U. S. (Sec.) Skunk Cabbage. The root of 
 Symplocarpus fcetidus. (Barton.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, antispasmodic, and narcotic. 
 
 Use. In asthma, chronic catarrh, &c. 
 
 Dulcamara. U. S., L., E. [Solanum Dulcamara, D.] Bitter- 
 sweet. The stalks of Solanum Dulcamara, or Woody Night- 
 shade. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, sedative, diaphoretic, and alterative. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in chronic skin diseases; also as an antaphrodisiac. 
 
 Elaterium. U S., L., E., I). A substance deposited by the 
 juice of the fruit of Momordica Elaterium. See Extractum 
 Elaterii. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful drastic cathartic ; also diuretic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in dropsy. 
 
 Elaterinum. Elaterin. Elatin. (Dr. Morries.) Evaporate 
 tincture of elaterium to the consistence of a thin oil, and throw it 
 into boiling distilled water. Collect the crystalline precipitate 
 when cold, and dry it with a gentle heat. — Dose, y^th of a grain. 
 
 Electuaria. Electuaries are masses of soft consistence, made 
 by incorporating the medicinal substance with syrup, honey, or 
 molasses. They are generally extemporaneous prescriptions. 
 
 Electuarium Antic achecticum. Bath Electuary. Select the 
 heaviest and bluest clinkers from a blacksmith's forge ; powder 
 them finely, and mix with enough treacle to form a stiff paste; 
 to ^viij of this, add carbonate of magnesia and powdered ginger, 
 
68 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 each, ^ss. — Dose, a teaspoonful twice a day, for 3 days; then 
 omit for 3 days, and repeat if necessary. (This is sometimes 
 named Elect. Ferri Compositum.) 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 
 Electuarium Aromaticum. E. Aromatic powder one part, 
 
 syrup of orange peel two parts j mix. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and carminative. 
 
 Electuarium Antiepilepticum. (Dr. Mead.) Peruvian bark 
 gj, valerian fss, powdered tin ^ss. Mix the powders with 
 syrup q. s. to form an electuary. 
 
 Electuarium Carbonis. Prepared charcoal Jij, carbonate of 
 
 soda Jij, confection of senna ^ij. 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, antacid, and antiseptic. 
 Use. In dyspepsia. 
 
 Electuarium Catechu. E. [Comp., D.~] Confectio Japonica. 
 Catechu ^iv, kino ^iv, cinnamon ^j, nutmeg ^j (^ij, D.~), opium 
 ^jss ; diffuse the opium in a little sherry wine, powder the rest 
 finely, and mix the whole in syrup of red roses (syrup of ginger, 
 Z).), boiled to the consistence of honey, Ojss. (Ibijss, Z>.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, carminative, and anodyne. 
 
 Electuarium Cinchona Compositum. (Dr. Copland.) Yellow 
 (Calisaya) bark ^j, confection of roses §ss, diluted sulphuric 
 acid £j, syrup of ginger ^jss. — Dose, 5J or 3ij, 3 or 4 times 
 a day. — Quarin's Electuary consists of powdered red bark gj, 
 gentian 3j, ammoniated iron Jj, oxymel of squill and syrup of 
 five roots (Species Diureticae) q. s. — P. Gray bark 3xviij, muriate 
 of ammonia 3j> honey ^ij, syrup of wormwood ^ij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Cinchona. 
 
 Electuarium Copaiba. (Caspar.) Blanched almonds 3 V J> 
 
 marshmallow powder Jj, catechu 3ss, copaiva Jiij. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Copaiba. 
 
 Electuarium Cubeb^ et Copaibje. (Bouchard at.) Copaiba 
 Eh powdered cubebs ^jss, oil of peppermint gtt. viij, sweet spirits 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FOKMULARY. 69 
 
 of nitre gtt. xv, powdered sugar q. s. to form a paste. — To be 
 taken in four days, wrapped in wafer paper. 
 
 Use. In gonorrhoea, and gleet. 
 
 Electuarium Ferri Subcarbonatis. (Copland.) Subcar- 
 bonate of iron gss, syrup of ginger gss, conserve of orange-peel 
 ^ij ; mix. — Dose, the size of a nutmeg, 2 or 3 times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the chalybeates generally. 
 
 Electuarium Hemorrhoid ale. Manna gij, sulphate of potash, 
 nitre, sulphur, each, £ij, syrup q. s. Or, confection of senna ^ij, 
 sulphur Jiv. — Dr. Copland. Nitre Jij, confection of senna ^jss, 
 syrup of ginger ^jss, elder syrup ^j; mix. — Dr. Graves. Con- 
 fection of senna ^j, sulphur gj, jalap Jj, balsam of copaiva gss, 
 ginger 3ss, cream of tartar §ss, syrup q. s. ; mix. 
 
 Use. As a laxative in hemorrhoids. 
 
 Electuarium Lenitivum. See Confectio Sennse. 
 
 Electuarium Mucune. (Chamberlain's.) Dip the pods of 
 Mucuna pruriens in treacle, and scrape off the hairs, repeating 
 fresh pods till it becomes sufficiently thick. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. To expel lumbrici. 
 
 Electuarium Nigrum. Trousseau's Black Tonic. Perchlo- 
 ride of iron Jiv, tannin 5J? confection of roses ^ij, syrup of 
 orange-peel ^j ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Intended for a tonic, but of doubtful efficacy. 
 
 Electuarium Sinapis. (Guy's H.) Mustard seed, lightly 
 bruised, ^j, sulphur 3ij> syrup of orange-peel fgj. — Dose 3j, 3 
 or 4 times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Laxative, and stimulant to the digestive 
 organs; — in dyspepsia. 
 
 Electuarium Sulphuris Compositum. (Guy's H.) Sulphur 
 ^j, cream of tartar gss, treacle giij ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, and alterative. 
 
 Electuarium Vermifugum. (Beesmer.) Worm-seed 5ss, 
 tansy seed ^ss, valerian 3ij, jalap 3jss, sulphate of potash with 
 sulphur 3jss, oxymel of squills q. s. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic. 
 
70 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Elemi. L.j E., D. The concrete resinous juice of Amyris Ele- 
 
 mifera. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, like the turpentines. 
 Use. Externally, in plasters. 
 
 Elixir. This name is applied to certain compound tinctures, and 
 other solutions of the active principles of drugs. 
 
 Elixir Antivenereum. (Quincy.) Jesuits' Drops. Copaiva 
 ^j, guaiacum ^ij, oil of sassafras 3j> subcarbonate of potash 3ss, 
 rectified spirit f^v; digest 3 days. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, stimulant, diuretic. 
 
 Use. As an antisyphilitic. 
 
 Elixir Long^e Vitje. Tinctura Rhei et Aloes. 
 
 Elixir Paregoricum. Tinctura Opii Camphorata. 
 
 Elixir Proprietatis. Tinctura Aloes et Myrrhse. 
 
 Elixir Sacrum. Tinctura Rhei et Aloes. 
 
 Elixir Salutis. Tinctura Sennae et Jalapse. 
 
 Elixir Stomachicum. Tinctura Gentiani Composita. 
 
 Elixir Yitrioli Acidum. Acidum Sulphuricum Aromaticum. 
 
 Embrocationes. Embrocations do not materially differ from 
 Lotions. See Lotio. 
 
 Embrocatio contra Alopeciam. (Dr. E. Wilson.) Eau de 
 Cologne f^ij, tincture of cantharides f3ij> oil of rosemary tr^x, 
 oil of lavender Tt£ x. 
 
 Use. To promote the growth of the hair. 
 
 Emetina Pura. P. Emetine. Dissolve 1 part of alcoholic 
 extract of ipecacuanha in 10 parts of water, filter, add 1 part of 
 calcined magnesia, evaporate to dryness with a gentle heat; 
 wash the product in a filter with 4 or 5 parts of very cold water; 
 dry it again, and treat it with boiling alcohol. Evaporate the 
 filtered tincture, redissolve the residue in a little water acidu- 
 lated with sulphuric acid, decolorize with animal charcoal, filter, 
 precipitate with ammonia, and dry with a gentle heat. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 71 
 
 This is the active principle of ipecacuanha, but it is very seldom 
 used in medicine. 
 
 Emplastra. Plasters should be of such a consistency as to re- 
 tain their form at the temperature of the body, merely becoming 
 adhesive, without melting. The resins, gum-resins, &c, should 
 be previously strained. In melting them, no greater heat than 
 is necessary should be employed. 
 
 Emplastrum Adh^isivum. See Emplastrum Resinae. 
 
 Emplastrum iERUGiNis. Corn Plaster. P. Yellow wax ^iv, 
 Burgundy pitch ^ij, Yenice turpentine gj. Melt together, add 
 prepared verdigris ^j, and stir till nearly cold. 
 
 Use. To soften and remove corns from the feet. 
 
 Emplastrum Ammonite. Dr. Kirkland's Volatile Plaster. 
 Scraped soap Jij, lead plaster ^ss; melt together, and when 
 nearly cold, add finely powdered sal ammoniac Jss. It should 
 be renewed every 24 hours. 
 
 Med. Prop. Discutient, and stimulant. 
 
 Use. To chronic enlargements, &c. 
 
 Emplastrum Ammoniaci. U. S., L., E., D. Ammoniac Jv, 
 vinegar Oss ) dissolve and strain, and evaporate the solution by 
 means of a water-bath, stirring constantly until it becomes 
 thick. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and discutient. 
 
 Use. To chronic swellings of the joints. 
 
 Emplastrum Ammoniaci cum Hydrargyro. L. y E., D. Tri- 
 turate quicksilver giij with sulphuretted oil f5J, till the metallic 
 globules disappear, and mix them with ibj of strained ammoniac, 
 melted with a gentle heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and alterative ; it may salivate. 
 
 Use. In chronic swellings, nodes, &c. 
 
 Emplastrum Anodynum. See Emplastrum Opii. 
 
 Emplastrum Anticancrosum. (Richter.) Extract of hem- 
 lock ^j, extract of henbane 3iv, powdered belladonna Jj, acetate 
 of ammonia q. s. ; mix. 
 
 Use. Of supposed efficacy in cancer. 
 
72 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Emplastrum Aromaticum. D. Strained frankincense (juiee 
 of Abies excelsa) ^iij, yellow wax ^ss; melt together, and when 
 nearly cool, add powdered cinnamon Jvj, oil of pimento 3ij, oil 
 of lemon Jij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and antiemetic. 
 
 Use. Over the epigastrium, to relieve sickness. 
 
 Emplastrum Assafcetida. U S., E. Lead-plaster and assa- 
 foetida, each, Ibj, galbanum. and yellow wax, each, Ibss, diluted 
 alcohol Oiij. Dissolve the assafoetida and galbanum in the 
 alcohol, by the aid of a water-bath ; strain the liquor while hot, 
 and evaporate to a proper consistence; then add the lead-plaster 
 and wax, previously melted together; stir the mixture well, 
 and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, carminative, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. To the chest in hooping-cough, and to the abdomen in 
 hysteria. 
 
 Emplastrum Belladonna. U. S., L., E., D. Resin plaster 
 ^iij, extract of belladonna ^iss; add the extract to the plaster, 
 previously melted with a gentle heat, and mix them. — [D. directs 
 Emplastrum Saponis ^ij, Extract. Belladonnas ^j.] 
 
 Med. Prop. A local anodyne. 
 
 Use. In local neuralgia, and dysmenorrhoea. 
 
 Emplastrum Calefaciens. See Emplastrum Picis cum Can- 
 tharide. 
 
 Emplastrum Cantharidis. See Ceratum Cantharidis. 
 
 Emplastrum Cantharidis Dilutum. (Pereira.) Cerate of 
 cantharides 1 part, soap cerate 3 parts. 
 
 Use. For blistering in cases of children. 
 
 Emplastrum Cantharidis Compositum. E. Venice turpen- 
 tine 18 parts, Burgundy pitch 12 parts, powder of cantharides 
 12 parts, wax 4 parts, verdigris 2 parts, powdered mustard and 
 black pepper, each, 1 part. Melt the pitch and wax, add the 
 turpentine, sprinkle into the mixture the powder, and stir till 
 cool. 
 
 Med. Prop. A very prompt and speedy vesicant. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 73 
 
 Emplastrum Cer^e. E. [Emplastrum Simplex, L.~\ Yellow 
 wax Ibiij, suet Ibiij, resin Ibj ; melt together, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Slightly stimulant. 
 
 Use. As a mild dressing to ulcers. 
 
 Emplastrum Ceruss^e. P. Emplastrum Plumbi Carbonatis. 
 Carbonate of lead gxvj, olive oil ^xxxij ; mix them thoroughly 
 in a large basin, add water Ojss, and boil together till they com- 
 bine. Make it into rolls; then remelt it, and add white wax ^iij. 
 
 Use. A good application to inflamed and excoriated surfaces. 
 
 Emplastrum Cicut^i. See Emplastrum Conii. 
 
 Emplastrum Conii. Swed. Ph. Wax Ibss, olive oil %iv, am- 
 moniacum ^ss; melt, and add powder of conium ibss. [Bat. 
 Ph. Lead plaster Ibj, yellow wax Ibj, olive oil ^vj, powdered 
 hemlock Ibj.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and discutient. 
 
 Use. To painful tumours. 
 
 Emplastrum Crotonis. (M. Bouchardat.) Melt 4 parts of 
 lead plaster, and when nearly cold, mix with it 1 part of croton 
 oil. 
 
 Med. Prop. A local irritant, or vesicant. 
 
 Use. As a revulsive. 
 
 Emplastrum Diachylon. See Emplastrum Plumbi. 
 
 Emplastrum Ferri. U. S., E. [Emplastrum Thuris, D.] 
 Emplastrum Roborans. Subcarbonate of iron giij, lead plaster 
 Ibij, Burgundy pitch Ibss. Melt together the lead plaster and 
 pitch, add the subcarbonate of iron, and stir constantly till the 
 mixture thickens on cooling. 
 
 Med. Prop. A good local stimulant. 
 
 Emplastrum G-albani. D. Litharge (lead) plaster tbij, gal- 
 banum Ibss, wax ^iv. Melt the galbanum, add the wax and 
 lead plaster, then melt the whole together, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as the following. 
 
 Emplastrum G-albani Compositum. U S. [Diachylon with 
 the G-ums, L.~\ Gralbanum §vij, lead plaster Ibiij, turpentine 
 
 7 
 
74 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 £x, Burgundy pitch (thus, L.) Ifoiij. Melt together the gal- 
 banum and turpentine, and strain; then add the pitch, and then 
 the lead plaster, melted over a gentle fire, and mix the whole 
 together. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and discutient. 
 
 Use. In chronic scrofulous enlargements. 
 
 Emplastrum Glutixaxs. [Emplatre d' Andre de la Croix, P.] 
 TVhite pitch ^viij, elemi jfij, Venice turpentine §j, oil of bays 
 ^j. 3Ielt, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and adhesive. 
 
 Emplastrum Gummosum. E. Litharge plaster §iv, ammo- 
 niacum, galbanum, beeswax, of each, ^ss. Melt ; and mix. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as Emplastrum G-albani Coni- 
 positum. 
 
 Emplastrum Hydrargyri. U. S., L., E. Mercurial Plaster. 
 Mercury gvj, olive oil, resin, of each, ^ij, lead plaster Ibj. Melt 
 the oil and resin together, and when cool rub the mercury with 
 them till the globules disappear ; then gradually add the lead 
 plaster, previously melted, and mix the whole together. — \_L. 
 directs sulphuretted oil, which facilitates the extinguishment of 
 the mercuiy, but which impairs the virtues of the plaster, by 
 forming a sulphuret of mercury.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, resolvent, and discutient. 
 
 Use. To buboes, nodes, and chronic venereal swellings ; also in 
 chronic hepatitis. 
 
 Emplastrum Htoscyami. -Siced. Ph. As Emplasti-um Conii. 
 
 Emplastrum Ichthyocoll^. Court Plaster is made by brushing 
 over stretched sarcenet with a solution of 1 part of isinglass in 
 8 of water, mixed with 8 parts of proof spirit, and finishing 
 with a coat of tincture of benzoin, or balsam of Peru. The 
 transparent plaster is made by brushing over oiled silk with a 
 similar solution. An improved method is to brush over one 
 surface of the peritoneal membrane of the ccecum of the ox (pre- 
 pared as gold-beater's skin), with a solution of isinglass, and 
 the other with drying oil. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of a mild simple adhesive plaster. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 75 
 
 Emplastrum Iodinii. Lead plaster £vj, resin plaster 3ij ; melt 
 
 together, and add iodine 9j, rubbed with olive oil 3ss. 
 Med. Prop. Resolvent. 
 Use. In chronic scrofulous, and other tumours. 
 
 Emplastrum Iodinii Compositum. (St. G-eo. H.) Iodine 3ij, 
 iodide of potassium Jiij, lead plaster fbj, opium plaster gij. 
 Melt the plasters, and add the iodine and iodide, in fine powder, 
 and mix. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the former. 
 
 Emplastrum Iodinii cum Belladonna. Iodine ^ss to ^ij, 
 Venice turpentine 5ij> olive oil 3J> belladonna plaster Ibj; mix, 
 and spread with a cool iron. (In these plasters an iodide of 
 lead is formed.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Resolvent, and locally anodyne. 
 
 Use. In chronic painful tumours. 
 
 Emplastrum Lithargyri. The E. and B. name for Emplastrum 
 Plumbi. 
 
 Emplastrum Opii. U. S., L., P., D. Powdered opium ^ij, 
 Burgundy pitch ,^iij, lead plaster Ibj - } melt together the lead 
 plaster and pitch, and add the opium, previously mixed with 
 boiling water f^iv, and boil over a gentle fire to a proper con- 
 sistence. — [The Br. Phars. direct a much smaller quantity of 
 opium.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and stimulant. 
 
 Use. To relieve local rheumatic and other pains. 
 
 Emplastrum Opii et Camphors. (Dr. Paris.) Opium and 
 camphor, each Jss, lead plaster q. s. ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as the former. 
 
 Emplastrum Picis. L., E. Pitch Plaster. Burgundy pitch 
 Ifeij, resin of spruce fir (or dry white turpentine) R)j, resin £iv, 
 wax ^iv, oil of mace ^j, olive oil f^ij, water ^ij. Melt together 
 the pitch, resin, and wax ; add the rest, and boil to a proper 
 consistence. — (G-uy's H.) Burgundy pitch (or black pitch) 
 §vj, wax ^ss, common turpentine 3J. Melt, and mix. 
 
76 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and rubefacient. 
 
 Use. As a revulsive, in chronic internal inflammations of a mild 
 character. 
 
 Emplastrtjm Picis cum Cantharide. U. S. [Emplastrum 
 Calefaciens, ZX] Warming Plaster. Burgundy pitch Ibiij ss, 
 cerate of cantharides Ibss. Melt together by means of a water- 
 bath, and stir constantly till it thickens on cooling. 
 
 Med. Prop. Rather more stimulating than the former; it some- 
 times vesicates. 
 
 Emplastrum Plumbi. U. S., L. [Emplastrum Lithargyri, E., 
 Z>.] Lead Plaster. Litharge Plaster. Diachylon. Powdered 
 litharge Ibv, olive oil Cong, j, water Oij. Boil together over a 
 gentle fire, stirring constantly till the oil and litharge unite into 
 a plaster. A little more boiling water may be added if neces- 
 sary. "When sufficiently cooled, the plaster must be worked in 
 the hands, to separate the water, and then formed into rolls. 
 
 Med. Prop. Defensive, and slightly sedative. 
 
 Use. To protect the surface, and for making other plasters. 
 
 Emplastrum Quinle. (Voisin.) Sulphate of quinia 3ij> mer- 
 curial plaster ^iv; mix. 
 
 Used in enlargement of the spleen, after intermittent fever. 
 
 Emplastrum Resins. U JS., L. [Emplastrum Resinosuni, E. ; 
 Emplastrum Lithargyri cum Resina, D.] Emplastrum Ad- 
 hdesivum. Resin in powder Ibss, lead plaster ibiij. To the 
 melted plaster add the resin, and mix. — This is the common 
 adhesive plaster of the shops, so much used to retain the edges 
 of wounds in contact, and to give support to ulcers, &c. It is 
 slightly stimulating, in some cases, to the skin. 
 
 Emplastrum Resolvens. [Emplastrum ex mixtis quatuor, P.~\ 
 Equal parts of hemlock, galbanum, mercurial and soap plasters; 
 melt, and mix by stirring. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the resolvent plasters. 
 
 Emplastrum Roborans. See Emplastrum Ferri. 
 
 Emplastrum Saponis. U S., L., E., D. Soap Plaster. Soap 
 in slices ibss, lead plaster Ibiij ; mix the soap with the melted 
 
AMEKICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 77 
 
 plaster, and boil for a short time. — -\_E. directs lead plaster ^iv, 
 galbanum plaster ^ ij, Castile soap ^j.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Protective, and slightly discutient. 
 
 Use. To bed-sores and tumours. 
 
 Emplastrum Saponis Compositum. D. Emplastrum Ad- 
 hserens. Soap plaster ^ij, resin plaster ^iij ; melt, and mix 
 together. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Emplastrum Resinse. 
 
 Emplastrum Stomachicum. See Emplastrum Aromaticum. 
 
 Emplastrum Vigonis. P. Lead plaster ^xl, wax gij, resin 
 |jij, ammoniac, bdellium, olibanum, myrrh, each, Jv, saffron Jiij, 
 quicksilver §xij, common turpentine ^ij, liquid styrax ^vj, oil 
 of lavender 3ij. Powder the gum-resins and saffron, and rub 
 the mercury with the styrax and turpentine in an iron mortar, 
 until completely extinguished ; melt the plaster with the resin, 
 and add to the mixture the powders and volatile oil. When 
 sufficiently cooled, but while yet liquid, add the mercurial mix- 
 ture, and incorporate the whole thoroughly. 
 
 Use. Applied, spread upon a linen cloth, to the face, in the early 
 stage of small-pox, to check the eruption and prevent subsequent 
 suppuration and consequent pitting. 
 
 Emulsiones. The Emulsions of the U. S. and Br. pharmaco- 
 poeias are now termed Mixtures. (See Misturse.) In a few 
 cases, however, both terms are employed where different prepa- 
 rations are signified. 
 
 Emulsio AcACiiE. E. Blanched almonds Jx, sugar £v ; beat 
 them together with mucilage of gum arabic f^iij j gradually 
 add Oij of water, constantly stirring; strain through a linen or 
 muslin cloth. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. In irritative conditions of the mucous membranes of the 
 lungs, bowels, and urino-genital organs. 
 
 Emulsio Arabica. D. Powdered gum Acacia 5ij, blanched 
 almonds ^ss, sugar ^ss, water f^xvj j mix. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Same as the former. 
 
 7* 
 
78 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Emulsio Amygdalae. See Mistura Amygdalae. 
 
 Emtjlsio Amygdala cum Amygdalina. (Woehler.) Form 
 3j of emulsion with Jij of sweet almonds, and dissolve in it 
 gr. xvij of amygdaline. — Dose, 10 to 40 drops. 
 
 Use. As a substitute for Aqua Amygdalae Amar&e. 
 
 Emulsio Balsami Peruviani. Balsam of Peru 3iv, oil of 
 almonds 3vj, powdered gum Arabic ^j ; triturate, and add 
 rose-water £iv. — Dose, ^ss. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent form for administering the 
 Balsum of Peru ; — expectorant. 
 
 Emulsio Camphors. Camphor 9j, sugar gss; rub together, 
 and add blanched almonds ^ss; beat the whole into a smooth 
 pulp, and gradually add water Oj, constantly stirring; then 
 strain. — This is a very good form for administering camphor. 
 
 Emulsio Copaiba. Copaiva ^ij, syrup and mucilage, each, ^j, 
 water ^xij. Triturate the copaiva with the mucilage and 
 syrup, and gradually add the water. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Copaiba. 
 
 Emulsio Cubebs. (W. Proctor.) Oleo-resinous extract of 
 cubebs Jij, powdered gum Arabic |jss, sugar Jj, water f^iijss; 
 form into an emulsion. — Dose, a tablespoonful. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Cubebs. This is a very certain 
 formula for use. 
 
 Emulsio Simplex. P. Blanched almonds gj, sugar gj, cold 
 water ^xxxij ; rub together in a mortar. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An agreeable demulcent. 
 
 Enemata. Injections or clysters are almost always extempora- 
 neous prescriptions. A few only are here noticed. 
 
 Enema Aloes. L. Aloes 9ij, carbonate of potassa gr. xv, de- 
 coction of barley Oss ; mix, and rub them together. 
 
 Use. To remove ascarides from the rectum ; and in amenorrhoea. 
 
 Enema Anodynum. See Enema Opii. 
 
 Enema Astringens. See Enema Rhataniae. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 79 
 
 Enema Catharticum. E. Senna ^ss, boiling water fgxvj ; 
 infuse, strain, add sulphate of magnesia §ss, sugar gj, olive 
 oil ^j. — D. Manna gj, Comp. Decoct, of Chamomile t%x, olive 
 oil gj, sulphate of magnesia ^ss. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent and certain cathartic enema. 
 
 Enema Cevadill^:. (Soubeiran.) Cevadilla 3ij, water %x; 
 
 boil to gvij, strain, and add milk ^viij. 
 Use. To destroy ascarides. 
 Enema Colocynthidis. L. Comp. extract of colocynth 9ij, 
 
 soft soap 3j, water Oj ; mix and rub them together. 
 Use. Whenever a very powerful purgative impression is required, 
 
 as in obstinate colic. 
 Enema Commune. (Guy's H.) Warm gruel f^xij, common 
 
 salt ^j ; mix. Linseed oil fjij may be added. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A good laxative enema. 
 Enema Fellis. (Dr. Clay.) Fresh ox-gall fgij, warm water 
 
 f^iv. 
 Use. To soften indurated faeces. 
 
 Enema Fcetidum. E. To Enema Catharticum, add tincture of 
 
 assafoetida 3ij. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. In flatulence, hysteria, convulsions, &c. 
 
 Enema Nutriens. Strong beef-tea, thickened with arrow-root. 
 Use. In cases of inability to swallow food, or to retain it on the 
 stomach. 
 
 Enema Opii. L., E. Decoction of starch f^iv, tincture of opii 
 
 TTJ7XXX. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. To procure the constitutional effects of 
 opium. 
 
 Enema Tabaci. Tobacco leaves 3J> boiling water Oj ; macerate 
 for one hour, and strain ; — one half to be thrown up at once. 
 
 Med. Prop. Powerfully sedative and relaxing. 
 
 Use. In strangulated hernia, and violent colic ; great caution is 
 requisite, on account of the prostration produced. 
 
 Enema Terebinthin^e. L., E., D. Oil of turpentine faj, yolk 
 
80 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 of egg q. s. ; rub them up together, and add decoction of barley 
 (or water) f^xix. 
 Use. In ascarides j to remove flatus } and in some affections of the 
 urinary organs. 
 
 Ergota. U S., L., E. Spurred Rye. The diseased seeds of 
 
 Secale cereale, or common rye. 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, parturifacient. 
 Use. Chiefly to facilitate labour - } also in menorrhagia. 
 
 Ergotina. This name has been applied to different principles or 
 mixed products procured from ergot. The true active princi- 
 ple of ergot has not yet, probably, been isolated. 
 
 Erigeron Canadense. U. S. (Sec.) Canada Fleabane. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic, tonic, and astringent. 
 
 Use. In dropsy and diarrhoea. 
 
 Erigeron Heterophyllum. U. S. (Sec.) Various-leaved 
 
 Fleabane. 
 Erigeron Philadelphictjm. U. S. (Sec.) Philadelphia Flea- 
 bane. The two latter are frequently known by the name of 
 
 Scabious. 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic. 
 
 Use. As a drink (in decoction) in dropsy, and irritable bladder. 
 Eryngium. U. S. (Sec.) Button Snake-root. The root of 
 
 Eryngium aquaticum. 
 Med. Prop. Diaphoretic, expectorant, and emetic; has been used 
 
 as a substitute for Seneka. 
 Erythronitjm. U. S. (Sec.) The root and herb of Erythro- 
 
 nium Americanum. 
 Med. Prop. Emetic, when fresh. 
 Eupatorium. U. S. Thoroughwort. Boneset. The tops and 
 
 leaves of Eupatorium perfoliatum. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, diaphoretic, and, in large doses, emetic and 
 
 cathartic. 
 Use. In catarrhs and rheumatism. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 81 
 
 Euphorbia Corollata. U. S. (Sec.) Large flowering Spurge. 
 The root of Euphorbia corollata. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the following. 
 
 Euphorbia Ipecacuanha. U. S. (Sec.) Ipecacuanha Spurge. 
 The root of Euphorbia Ipecacuanha. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emetic, cathartic, diaphoretic, and expectorant; — 
 not much used, 
 
 Euphorbium. L., E. [Euphorbia Canariensis, D.~\ The con- 
 crete resinous juice of an undetermined species of Euphorbia. 
 
 Med. Prop. A violent irritant, both internally and externally, 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an errhine (diluted). 
 
 Essentia. The term Essences has been vaguely applied to cer- 
 tain strong alcoholic tinctures, to some essential oils, to solu- 
 tions of the latter in alcohol, and even to concentrated fluid 
 extracts, infusions, and decoctions. 
 
 Ether. See iEther, 
 
 Extracta. Extracts are made by evaporating the expressed 
 juices of plants, or their decocting infusions or tinctures, by a 
 gentle heat. They are usually of a solid consistence ; though 
 occasionally in a semi-fluid state (fluid extracts). In some 
 instances, alcohol, wine, vinegar, and ether are employed as the 
 solvents. A few extracts are procured from animal substances. 
 The plan most recommended is to conduct the evaporation in 
 vacuo. The extracts from the expressed juices are perhaps 
 best prepared by evaporating at common temperatures in shal- 
 low vessels. Extracts from expressed juices (Sued Spissati, D.) 
 are made by bruising the fresh plants after they have begun to 
 flower, sprinkled with water, in a marble mortar, and express- 
 ing the juice, which should be filtered. 
 
 Watery extracts (Extracta Aquosa, D.) are made by boiling 
 (or sometimes, preferably, by maceration, or by percolation) the 
 drug with 8 or 10 times its weight of water, till reduced to 
 one half. It is then strained and evaporated as above. 
 
 Spirituous Extracts (Extracta Alcolwlica) are made by eva- 
 porating tinctures prepared with rectified or diluted alcohol. 
 They are generally more active than other extracts. 
 
82 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Extractum Aconiti. U. S., L., E. [Succus Spissatus Aconiti, 
 _D.] Evaporate the juice obtained by bruising the fresh leaves 
 of monkshood in a mortar with a little water, and expressing to 
 a proper consistence. — E. directs the expressed juice to be mixed 
 with the tincture of the residuum; the mixture filtered, the 
 spirit distilled off, and the residuum evaporated in a water-bath. 
 —Dose, gr. j, to gr. ij. 
 
 Med. Prop. A good and certain preparation of aconite, if well 
 made. 
 
 Extractum Aconiti Alcoholicum. U. S., P. Coarsely pow- 
 dered aconite leaves Hbj, proof spirit Oiij. (Ibiijss, P.) Moisten 
 the powder with half its weight of the spirit, and in 24 hours 
 lixiviate it in a displacement apparatus, with the rest of the 
 spirit. When all the spirit has penetrated the powder, keep 
 this covered with distilled water till a precipitate begins to form ; 
 then distil off the spirit, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
 If made from freshly dried leaves, this is a good preparation. 
 — Dose, gr. ss to gr. j. [A much stronger extract is made by 
 evaporating the tincture of the root.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Aconite. An excellent preparation. 
 
 Extractum Anthemidis. E. [Extractum Chamaemeli, Z>.] 
 From a decoction of chamomile flowers, by evaporation. (The 
 volatile oil must of course escape, and the peculiar virtue of the 
 flowers be consequently lost.) 
 
 Extractum Belladonna. U. S., L., E. [Succus Spissatus 
 Belladonnse, D.~] From the fresh leaves of Atropa Belladonna, 
 as Extr. Aconiti. Its strength is variable. — Dose £ to I gr. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Belladonna. 
 
 Extractum Belladonna Alcoholicum. U. S., P. As Extr. 
 Aconiti Alcoholicum. — Dose, J gr. to gr. j. [Mohr and Pelle- 
 tan recommend the juice of the fresh leaves to be expressed, 
 coagulated by heat, strained, and rapidly evaporated by water- 
 bath to the consistence of syrup ; an equal measure of absolute 
 alcohol is added, and the clear portion of the liquid is evapo- 
 rated.] 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 83 
 
 Extractum Cannabis Indict. Bengal Disp. Boil the dried 
 tops of Indian hemp (Grunjah) in rectified spirit (about Ibj to 
 Cong, j); distil off the spirit, and evaporate the extract by a 
 gentle heat. — Dose, in India, gr. ss to gr. j. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Cannabis Indica. 
 
 Extractum Cantharidis. P. From the powdered flies, as 
 Extr. Ipecac. A stronger extract (Extr. Oleosum) is obtained 
 by evaporating a tincture made by percolation, or digestion, with 
 sulphuric ether. Acetic acid is sometimes employed as the 
 menstruum. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful epispastic. 
 
 Extractum Cassia. L. The pulp of the Cassiae fistula, washed out 
 of the pods by boiling water, strained through a hair sieve, and 
 evaporated. — P. directs cold water, and the solution to be strained 
 through flannel. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A gentle laxative. 
 
 Extractum Catechu. P. Bruised catechu Ibj, boiling water 
 ibvj. Infuse for 24 hours, stirring the mixture occasionally; 
 decant, and evaporate by water-bath. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of Extractum Kramerise. 
 
 Extractum Catharticum. See Extractum Colocynthidis Com- 
 positum. 
 
 Extractum Cinchona. U. S., L., E., D. Coarsely powdered 
 cinchona Ibj, alcohol Oiv, water q. s. ; macerate the bark in the 
 alcohol for 4 days, then filter by displacement, pouring the water 
 gradually on until Oiv of liquid have passed through, distil off 
 the spirit, and evaporate to a proper consistence. — L. and D. 
 direct it to be made by evaporating a strong decoction of either 
 the red or pale bark. — Dose 10 to 20 grs. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Peruvian bark, or Quinia. 
 
 Extractum Cinchona Fluidum. (Dr. Neligan.) Exhaust 
 yellow bark by percolation with proof spirit, and afterwards with 
 water; concentrate the mixed liquors by cautious evaporation. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
84 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Extractum Colchici Aceticxjm. L., E. Fresh colchicum cor- 
 mus bruised Hbj, sprinkle with fgiij of acetic acid; express and 
 evaporate the juice. Scudamore recommends it to be made by 
 digesting dried colchicum in distilled vinegar, and evaporating. 
 — Dose, gr. i to gr. ij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Colchicum. 
 
 Extractum Colchici Cormi. L. Bruise the fresh bulbs, 
 
 sprinkle with a little water, express the juice, and evaporate. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as the preceding. 
 
 Extractum Colocynthtdis. L., E., D. Colocynth pulp Ibj, 
 distilled water Oij j boil slowly for 6 hours, supplying the waste 
 of water ; strain while hot, and evaporate to a proper consistence. 
 P. directs it to be made from the cold infusion. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Colocynth. Not a very good pre- 
 paration. 
 
 Extractum Colocynthidis Compositum. U. S., L., D. Ca- 
 thartic Extract. Pulp of colocynth, sliced, gvj ; macerate in 
 diluted alcohol with a gentle heat for 4 days ; express, and filter 
 the liquid; then add powdered aloes ^xij, powdered scammony 
 ^iv, powdered cardamom ^j, Castile soap ^iij ; evaporate to the 
 proper consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A safe and energetic cathartic. Used often 
 in combination with others. 
 
 Extractum Conii. U. S., L., E. [Succus Spissatus Conii, D.~\ 
 From the fresh hemlock leaves, as directed by U. S. for Extrac- 
 tum Stramonii ; and by L. and D. for Extractum Aconiti. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Conium. A good form of exhi- 
 bition. 
 
 Extractum Conii Alcoholicum. U. S., P. By percolation 
 with proof spirit, and evaporating. — Dose, 2 to 3 grs. 
 
 Extractum Cubeb^. (Mr. Toller.) Exhaust cubebs by rec- 
 tified spirit ; distil off most of the spirit, and evaporate the resi- 
 due over a water-bath, at a low temperature, to a pilular con- 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 85 
 
 sistence, adding a little powdered soap. — Dose, gr. xv, twice a 
 day. 
 
 Extracttjm Cubebs Oleo-Resinosum. (M. Dublanc.) From 
 Ibvj of powdered cubebs put into a still with Oxij of water, 
 distil Ovj. Separate the oil, and return the distilled water into 
 the still with flbvj more cubebs, and again distil and separate 
 the oil. Express the marc strongly, and exhaust it by rectified 
 spirit. Distil the filtered tincture ; evaporate the extract to the 
 consistence of honey, and incorporate with it the volatile oil. 
 One part of this extract is equal to eight of the powder. — Mr. 
 Procter exhausts the powdered cubebs with ether, in a displace- 
 ment apparatus, adds the residue to diluted alcohol, and then 
 distils the tincture by means of a water-bath ; this being evapo- 
 rated to a proper consistence, is added to the ethereal product ; 
 and the whole evaporated to the consistence of honey. It is 
 eight times as strong as the powder. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of cubebs. An excellent form of 
 administration. 
 
 Extractum Digitalis. L. From the unfiltered juice. — E. As 
 Extractum Conii. — D. From the dried leaves, by percolation 
 with proof spirit, and also with water. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Like Digitalis. — Dose, gr. ss to gr. ij. 
 
 Extractum Dulcamara. U S. From coarsely powdered dul- 
 camara, as Extractum Grentianse. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Dulcamara. Very little used. 
 
 Extractum Elaterii. L., D. [Elaterium, U &, E.~] Slice 
 the fruit of ripe wild cucumbers, express the juice very gently 
 and pass through a fine hair sieve. Set it aside, and when the 
 thicker part has subsided, reject the supernatant liquid, and dry 
 the thicker part with a gentle heat, upon a linen or muslin 
 cloth. — Dose, of the best, £th of a grain ; of the commercial, 
 i gr. to gr. j. 
 
 Med. Prop. A drastic hydragogue cathartic. 
 
 Use. In obstinate constipation, and in ascites. 
 
 Extractum Ergots Aquosum. (The Ergotine of M. Bonjean.) 
 
86 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Exhaust powdered ergot by displacement, with cold water ; heat 
 the solution in a water-bath, and filter ; evaporate to the con- 
 sistence of syrup, and add rectified spirit to throw down the 
 gummy matter ; when settled, decant the clear liquid, and eva- 
 porate by water-bath. — One ounce of ergot yields about 70 grs. 
 M. Bonjean says it possesses the haemostatic without the toxic 
 effects of ergot. 
 
 Extractum Ergots ^Ethereum. (Mr. Wright.) Exhaust 
 powdered ergot, by percolation, with ether, and let the solution 
 evaporate spontaneously. 
 
 Extractum Fuliginis. Boil wood-soot in 8 parts of water for 
 half an hour ; strain and evaporate to an extract. — Dose, gr. 
 iv to gr. xvj, daily. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic and antispasmodic. Not much used internally ; 
 externally, a good stimulant, applied in form of a poultice to 
 porrigo. 
 
 Extractum G-allarum. As Extractum Kramerise. 
 
 Extractum G-entian^e. U S., L., E., D., P. Mix Ibj of 
 coarsely powdered gentian with Oj of cold water ; let it stand 
 24 hours, then, in a displacement apparatus, pour water gra- 
 dually upon it until it passes but slightly impregnated with the 
 properties of the root. Heat the filtered liquid to 212° F., and 
 evaporate to the proper consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Gentian. — One of the best tonic 
 extracts. 
 
 Extractum G-lycyrrhiz^. U. S., L., E., D. Liquorice. 
 From the root, by percolation with cold water. [The commercial 
 liquorice is made in Spain and Sicily by evaporating the decoc- 
 tion ; it usually requires to be purified or refined, by dissolving 
 in water, without boiling, and evaporating.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. In coughs and colds, — an excellent adjuvant. 
 
 Extractum Hjematoxyli. U. S.,L. y E., D. Boil Ibj of rasped 
 logwood in Cong, j of water to Cong, ss ; strain while hot, and 
 evaporate to a proper consistence 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 87 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Hsematoxylon. — In consequence of 
 its great hardness, it is apt to pass through the stomach undis- 
 solved. 
 
 Extractum Hellebori. U. $., P. As Extractum Aconiti Al- 
 coholicum. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Helleborus. 
 
 Extractum Hyoscyami. U. S., L. y E. [Succus Spissatus 
 Hyoscyami, D.~\ As Extractum Stramonii Foliorum, U. S. ; 
 as Extractum Aconiti, L., D. ; as Extractum Conii, E. — Dose 
 of the inspissated juice, gr. ij to gr. viij ; of the alcoholic ex- 
 tract, gr. ss to gr. ij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Hyoscyamus. It is an excellent 
 narcotic extract, much used as an anodyne ; also to quiet cough, 
 where opium would not be admissible, on account of arresting 
 the bronchial secretion. 
 
 Extractum Hyoscyami Alcoholicum. U. S., P. From the 
 dried leaves, as directed for Extractum Aconiti Alcoholicum. 
 
 Med. Prop, and tlse. As the former. 
 
 Extractum Seminum Hyoscyami. P. Digest ibj of the ground 
 seeds with Ibiij of proof spirit, with a gentle heat ; strain, and 
 digest with Ibiij more spirit, and again strain. Evaporate the 
 filtered liquors to an extract ; dissolve in cold water, filter, and 
 again evaporate. — Dose, gr. ss to gr. ij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Extractum Hyoscyami. 
 
 Extractum Jalap m. U. S., L., D. From jalap root in powder, 
 as Extractum Cinchonae (JJ. S.) — L. and D. direct decoction, 
 which extracts the starch. — Dose, gr. x to 9j. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As jalap root; it possesses all the purgative 
 properties. 
 
 Extractum sive Resina Jalaps. E. Moisten powdered jalap 
 with rectified spirit, and, after 12 hours, exhaust the rectified 
 spirit in a percolator. Distil off the greater quantity of the 
 spirit, and concentrate the residuum over a vapour-bath to a due 
 consistence. — Dose, gr. iv to gr. xij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding, but more powerfully pur- 
 gative and drastic. 
 
88 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Extractum Juglandis Foliorum. (M. Negrier.) From the 
 dried leaves of the European walnut (Juglans regia), by decoc- 
 tion, or, preferably, by percolation. — Dose, gr. iij, two or three 
 times a day, in scrofula. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antiscorbutic. 
 
 Extractum Juglandis. U. S. From the inner bark of the 
 root of Juglans cinerea, or Butternut, as directed for Extractum 
 G-entianae. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A mild cathartic, resembling rhubarb. 
 
 Extractum Krameria. U. S., E. From moderately fine powder 
 of Krameria (bark of root), as directed for Extractum G-entianse. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Krameria. 
 
 Extractum Lactuce. L. By inspissating the unfiltered juice 
 of lettuce leaves. [It is inferior to Lactucarium, which it re- 
 sembles in properties.] 
 
 Extractum Lactuc^: Viros^. P. The inspissated juice of 
 wild lettuce. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of Lactucarium. 
 
 Extractum Lobelije Inflate. Dried lobelia ^ iv, proof spirit 
 Oiv, strong acetic acid ^j. Macerate for 48 hours, filter, and 
 evaporate by water-bath. 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of Lobelia. 
 
 Extractum Martis. P. By evaporating Tinctura Martis Tar- 
 tarizata. 
 
 Med. Prop. Chalybeate. 
 
 Extractum Mezerii. The alcoholic extract is made by digest- 
 ing mezereon bark in a water-bath with rectified spirit, and 
 evaporating the tincture. The ethereal extract is best made 
 from the alcoholic, by digesting the latter (evaporated to the 
 consistence of a syrup) in ether, in a stopped bottle; then de- 
 cant, and carefully evaporate. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Mezereum. 
 
 Extractum Narcissi. From dried leaves of daffodil, by perco- 
 lation with proof spirit or water. — Dose, gr. ss to gr. jss, in 
 hooping-cough. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 89 
 
 Extractum Nucis Vomica. U S., E., D. Exhaust mix vo- 
 mica (which has been softened by steam, sliced, dried, and 
 ground) by percolation with alcohol. Filter, and distil off the 
 greater part of the spirit, and evaporate. — Dose, gr. ss to gr. ij, 
 2 or 3 times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Nux Vomica. It is not always 
 of uniform strength. 
 
 Extractum Opii. E. [Extractum Opii Purificatum, L. ; Ex- 
 tractum Opii Aquosum, D.~\ Opium, sliced, ^xx, distilled 
 water Cong. j. Soften the opium by maceration with a little 
 of the water for 12 hours ; then, the rest of the water being 
 gradually added, triturate them together till perfectly mixed, 
 and set aside till the dregs have subsided. Then filter, and 
 evaporate to a proper consistence. — E. directs repeated macera- 
 tion and strong expression, and the extract to be again taken 
 up by maceration with successive portions of cold water, and 
 the filtered liquor evaporated. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of opium, but inferior to it. 
 
 Extractum Opii sine Narcotina. (M. Dublanc.) The ex- 
 tract, softened with cold water, is agitated and macerated with 
 successive portions of ether, as long as anything is taken up. 
 The ether being poured off, the extract is evaporated to a pilular 
 consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of opium, with a less tendency to 
 disagree with the stomach. 
 
 Extractum Opii vino Paratum. P. Macerate Ibj of choice 
 opium in Ibiv of white wine for 24 hours, stirring occasionally ; 
 strain, and press ; diffuse the residuum through Ibij more wine, 
 and after some hours, express the liquid. Evaporate the strained 
 liquors to an extract. [Other extracts are obtained from opium 
 by digesting it with vinegar, lemon-juice, quince-juice, alco- 
 hol, &c] 
 
 Extractum Papaveris. L., E. Poppy-heads, without the 
 seeds, gxv, boiling water Cong. j. Macerate for 24 hours, boil 
 
 8* 
 
90 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 to Oiv, filter whilst hot, and evaporate by water-bath to a proper 
 consistence. — Dose, 5 to 10 grs. 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of opium in an inferior degree ; and not of 
 uniform strength. 
 
 Extractum Pareir^:. L., E. From the bruised root of Pa- 
 reira Brava, as Extractum Grentianae ; or by percolation (P.), 
 as Extractum Krameriae. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Pareira Brava. 
 
 Extractum Petroselini. P. From Parsley root, as Extractum 
 Krameriae. — M. Peraire prescribes the inspissated juice of the 
 leaves as a substitute for quinia. — Dose, gr. viij to gr. xv, in 24 
 hours. 
 
 Extractum Podophylli. U. 8. From the root of May-apple, 
 as Extractum Jalapae. — Dose, gr. x to gr. xv. 
 
 Med. Prop. Purgative. 
 
 Extractum Pyrol^e. See Extractum Chimaphilae. 
 
 Extractum Quassia. U. 8., E. From the raspings of Quas- 
 sia, as Extractum G-entianae. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Quassia ; — it is the most powerful 
 of the bitter extracts. 
 
 Extractum Khei. L. } D. Powdered rhubarb §xv, proof 
 spirit Oij, distilled water Ovij ; macerate for 4 days at a gen- 
 tle heat, then strain, and set the solution aside to settle. 
 Decant, and evaporate the clear liquid to a proper consistence. 
 E. directs it to be prepared by maceration in successive por- 
 tions of cold water, and the expressed and filtered liquids 
 evaporated in a vapour-bath, or, preferably, in vacuo, to a proper 
 consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of rhubarb ; over which it possesses 
 no advantage. 
 
 Extractum Rhei Compositum. (Prus. Ph.) Extractum Pan- 
 chymagogum. Extract of rhubarb 3iij, purified aloes 3j, 
 soap of jalap 3J- Dissolve them in a little spirit, and evapo- 
 rate to a proper consistence. [The active principle of rhubarb 
 is dissipated at a high temperature.] 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 91 
 
 Med. Prop. A good, active cathartic extract. 
 
 Extractum Ehei Fluidum. See Tinct. Khei Saccharata.. 
 
 Extractum Sabadilla. (Turnbull.) By evaporating the 
 concentrated tincture of cevadilla seeds. — Dose, £th of a grain, 
 — as a substitute for Veratria, which it resembles in medical 
 properties. 
 
 Extractum Salicis. P. From powdered willow-bark, as Ex- 
 tractum Kramerise. 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of willow-bark. 
 
 Extractum Sambuci. E., D. Elder Rob. From fresh ripe 
 elder-berries, as the inspissated juice of aconite. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Sambucus. 
 
 Extractum Sarsaparilla. U. S., D., P. (Extractum Sarzse, 
 L.) From coarsely-powdered sarsaparilla, as Extractum Aconiti 
 Alcoholicum, U S. ; as Extractum G-entianse, L. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of sarsaparilla, the virtues of which 
 it possesses in a high degree. 
 
 Extractum Sarsaparilla Fluidum. (Mr. Hodgson.) 
 Bruised Sarsaparilla root ^xvj, bruised liquorice root, guaiacum 
 wood, rasped bark of sassafras root, each, ^ij, mezereon 3vj, 
 diluted alcohol Oviij. Digest for 14 days at a common tem- 
 perature, then strain, express and filter. Evaporate the tincture 
 in a water-bath to f^xij ; then add gviij of white sugar, and re- 
 move from the fire as soon as the sugar is dissolved. (This 
 extract is much superior to those of the Brit. Phars.) — Dose, 
 f3J ? equivalent to Jj of the root. 
 
 Extractum Saturni. See Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis. 
 
 Extractum sive Besina Scammonii. E. Boil scammony, in 
 fine powder, in successive portions of proof spirit, till nothing 
 more is dissolved ; filter, distil the liquid till little but water 
 passes over; then pour away the watery solution from the 
 resin, wash the latter with boiling water, and dry it at a tem- 
 perature not exceeding 240°. 
 
92 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Scammony; — given best rubbed 
 up with skimmed milk. 
 
 Extractum Senn^b. P. By percolation with temperate water, 
 as Extractum Krameriae. [Proof spirit is said to yield a more 
 active extract.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Senna. 
 
 Extractum Senn^e Fluidum. (Mr. Duncan.) Senna Ibxv, 
 boiling water 4 times its weight. Exhaust the senna by dis- 
 placement, concentrate to ft>x, dissolve in it Ibvj of treacle, 
 previously concentrated over a water-bath till it becomes nearly 
 dry in cooling. Add f^xxiv of rectified spirit, and water q. s. 
 to make up Oxij (imp.). — Dose, 3ij. Each f^j corresponds 
 with jfj of senna. — Mr. Duhamel (U. S.) prepares it as fol- 
 lows : Macerate ^viij of coarsely -powdered senna with Oj of 
 dilute alcohol for 12 hours ; then, by displacement, procure 
 Oiij of liquid, evaporate with a gentle heat to f^v, and while 
 still hot, dissolve in it ^v of sugar. Strain the liquor, and, 
 when cold, add for each f^j gtts. ij of oil of fennel, dissolved in 
 a little of Hoffman's anodyne. — Dose, for an adult, f^ss. 
 
 Extractum Solani Tuberosi. (Dr. Latham.) From the 
 stalks and leaves of the common potato as Extractum Conii. 
 — Dose, gr. iij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic. 
 
 Extractum Stramonii Foliorum. U. S. Bruise fresh stra- 
 monium leaves in a stone mortar, sprinkling on them a little 
 water, then express the juice, and, having heated it to the boiling 
 point, strain and evaporate. — Dose, gr. j, twice a day, gradually 
 increased. — P. directs an alcoholic extract by percolation with 
 proof spirit, as Extractum Aconiti. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Stramonium. 
 
 Extractum Stramonii. [Seminis, U S.~\ L. } D. Powder of 
 stramonium seeds Ibj ; rub with Oss of dilute alcohol. Intro- 
 duce the mixture into a percolator, and pour upon it gradually, 
 diluted alcohol, till the liquor passes colourless. Distil off the 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 93 
 
 alcohol, and evaporate the residue to a proper consistence. 
 — Dose, i to i gr.— (L. exhausts the seeds by boiling water.) 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Extractum Taraxaci. U. S., L., P., D. From the fresh 
 bruised root of the Dandelion, as Extractum Haematoxyli. 
 Mr. Houlton prepares it by spontaneous evaporation of the ex- 
 pressed juice. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Taraxacum. 
 
 Extractum Uv^: Ursi. L. From the dried leaves, by decoc- 
 tion, as Extractum G-entianse. — Dose, 5 to 30 grs. 
 
 Extractum Valeriana. D. As Extractum Grentianse. — P., 
 by percolation with proof spirit. 
 
 Extractum Valeriana Fluidum. See Tinct. Valerianae 
 iEtherea. 
 
 Farinje Emollientes. See Species Emollientes. 
 
 Ferri Acetas. D. Carbonate of iron 1 part, acetic acid 6 
 parts; digest for three days, and filter. — Dose, gtt. x to xxv, 
 taken in water. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic and astringent. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, chlorosis, hysteria, &c. 
 
 Ferri Ammonio-Chloridtjm. L. Sesquioxide of iron ^iij, hy- 
 drochloric acid f^x; digest in a proper vessel in a sand-bath 
 for 12 hours. Add sal-ammoniac Ibijss, previously dissolved in 
 Oiij of distilled water; filter, evaporate to dryness, and reduce 
 to powder. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. In amenorrhoea, chlorosis, hysteria, &c. 
 
 Ferri Ammonio-Citras. (Beral.) Citric acid gxxiv, distilled 
 water Oiij, water of ammonia f^xjss; heat to below boiling, 
 and gradually add moist hydrated oxide of iron till a portion 
 remains undissolved (about § lv will be required). Evaporate 
 the filtered solution to the consistence of treacle, and then 
 spread thinly on dishes, or glass plates, and dry gradually by a 
 current of air, till it can be chipped off in scales. — Dose, gr. iv. 
 to gr. viij. 
 
94 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to the tartrate and lactate of 
 iron. 
 
 Ferri Ammonio-Tartras. (W. Procter, Jr.) Dissolve 51 
 of tartaric acid in f^xvj of water, saturate with carbonate of 
 ammonia, and add 3I more of acid. Heat the solution in a 
 water-bath, and add moist hydrated oxide of iron. Digest till 
 the oxide is dissolved, filter, and evaporate on shallow porcelain 
 dishes, till it becomes brittle, and can be chipped off. — Dose, gr. 
 iv to gr. vj. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Uses. Those of the other chalybeates. It is a 
 very good preparation. 
 
 Ferri Arsenias. Mix together solutions of arseniate of soda 
 and protosulphate of iron ; collect, wash, and dry the precipi- 
 tate. — Dose, Jgth of a grain, in herpetic and cancerous affec- 
 tions. (Biett.) — Also used externally, with four times its 
 weight of phosphate of iron, by Carmichael j and likewise in 
 the form of ointment. 
 
 Med. Prop. Very irritant, poisonous ; externally, escharotic. 
 
 Ferri Bromidum. (Mohr.) Mix 1 part of iron filings with 3 
 parts of water in a stopped vial j add 1 part of bromine ; close 
 the bottle, and set it aside, shaking it occasionally. When the 
 solution has assumed a greenish colour, filter, and evaporate to 
 dryness. — Dose, gr. ij to vj. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and resolvent. 
 
 Ferri Carbonas. D. See Ferri Subcarbonas. 
 
 Ferri Carbonas Saccharatum. E. Sulphate of iron ^iv, 
 carbonate of soda %y ; dissolve each in Oij of water, and mix 
 the solutions ; collect the precipitate on a cloth filter, wash it 
 with cold water, squeeze out as much water as possible, and 
 without delay, triturate the pulp with ^ij of finely-powdered 
 white sugar. Dry the mixture at a temperature not much 
 above 120°. [It is inferior to VaUet's Ferruginous Mass. See 
 Pil. Ferri Carbonat.] 
 
 Ferri Carburetum. (Prus. Ph.) Common graphite is puri- 
 fied by first boiling it, finely powdered, in pure water ; then it 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 95 
 
 is digested in a solution of nitro-muriatic acid for 24 hours ; it 
 is then washed in pure water, and dried. [Used, internally and 
 externally, in herpetic and other cutaneous diseases. Wein- 
 
 HOLD.] 
 
 Ferri Chloridum. P. The protochloride is made by dissolv- 
 ing clean iron turnings in muriatic acid, boiling the solution 
 on excess of iron, decanting as soon as settled, and evaporating 
 quickly to dryness. The perchloride is made by evaporating to 
 dryness a solution of red oxide of iron in muriatic acid. 
 
 Use. Not employed internally j chiefly in pharmacy. 
 
 Ferri Citras. (Beral.) Citric acid ^iv, water giv; heat to- 
 gether in a platinum capsule, and gradually add moist hydrated 
 sesquioxide of iron as long as any is dissolved ; proceed as 
 directed for Ferri Ammonio-Citras. The more gradually it is 
 dried the larger the scales. — Dose, gr. v to x. — The citrate of 
 the protoxide may be made by treating iron filings with citric 
 acid dissolved in distilled water. It has a dark-green colour, 
 and is more soluble than the former. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent chalybeate; used as the 
 tartrate. 
 
 Ferri et Quince Citras. (Beral.) Dissolve 4 parts of citrate 
 of iron, and 1 of citrate of quinia in distilled water, and evapo- 
 rate the solution to dryness, as directed for Ferri Ammonio- 
 Citras. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An agreeable, and excellent chalybeate. 
 
 Ferri et Potass^e Tartras. U. S. [Ferri Potassio-Tartras, 
 L.; Ferrum Tartarizatum, E.; Ferri Tartarum, Z>.] Digest 
 ^iij of subcarbonate of iron with fgx of muriatic acid, for 2 
 hours; pour the solution into Cong, j of distilled water; set 
 aside for an hour, and pour off the supernatant liquid ; to this, 
 add Ovss of the solution of potassa (which precipitates the 
 hydrated sesquioxide of iron), wash the precipitate frequently 
 with water, and mix it, while moist, with ^vjss of cream of tar- 
 tar and Cong, ss of distilled water. Keep the mixture at 140° 
 
96 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 for 30 hours, frequently stirring ; then filter the solution, and 
 evaporate to dryness by means of a water-bath. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. One of the mildest of the chalybeates; 
 well borne by the stomach, not unpleasant to the taste, and 
 soluble. 
 
 Ferri Ferrocyanuretum. U. S. [Ferri Percyanidum, L. ; 
 Ferri Cyanuretum, D.] Pure Prussian Blue. Make a solu- 
 tion of persulphate of iron, as directed for Ferri Oxidum Hy- 
 dratum, and dissolve in it givss of ferrocyanuret of potassium, 
 pour it upon a filter, wash the precipitate with boiling water, 
 until tasteless ; dry, and rub into powder. — Dose, gr. iij to vj, 
 in intermittents, epilepsy, &c. 
 
 Ferri Iodidum. U. S., L., E. Mix ^ij of iodine with Oj of 
 distilled water, in a porcelain or glass vessel, and gradually add 
 ^j of iron filings, stirring constantly. Heat the mixture gently 
 until it acquires a light-greenish colour j filter, and wash what 
 remains with Oss of boiling distilled water. Evaporate the 
 filtered liquors at a temperature not exceeding 212°, in an iron 
 vessel, to dryness. It must be kept in a closely stopped bottle. 
 (It is best given in saccharine solution. See Liquor Ferri 
 Iodidi.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, alterative, diuretic, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in scrofulous affections, atonic amenorrhoea, and 
 mesenteric obstructions. 
 
 Ferri Lactas. Dissolve ^j of lactate of lime in ^iv of boiling 
 water; precipitate the lime by oxalic acid, avoiding excess, and 
 filter. Heat the liquid with excess of iron filings for 6 or 8 
 hours, filter, set aside, wash the crystalline powder which is 
 deposited, with a little alcohol, and dry it. — Dose, gr. j to ij, 
 several times a day. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in chlorosis. 
 
 Ferri Limatura. E. See Ferri Ramenta. 
 
 Ferri Nitras. Put gjss of iron (in chips or wire) in an earthen 
 vessel, pour upon it f^iij of nitric acid, diluted with f^xv of 
 water, set it aside until the acid has united with the iron, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 97 
 
 decant the liquid, strain and filter, then add 3J of muriatic 
 acid, diluted with as much water as will increase the whole so- 
 lution to f^xxx. It should have a fine dark-red colour. 
 
 Med. Prop. Very astringent, "but not caustic. Dose, 10 to 25 
 drops; in chronic diarrhoea, leucorrhoea, &c. 
 
 Ferri Oxidum Hydratum. U. S. [Ferrugo, E.~] Hydrated 
 Sesquioxide of Iron. Dissolve ^iv of sulphate of iron in Oij 
 of water, and add f^iijss of sulphuric acid; boil the solution, 
 and add nitric acid q. s., in small quantities, boiling for a few 
 moments after each addition, until the acid ceases to produce a 
 dark colour. Filter, cool, and add solution of ammonia in ex- 
 cess, stirring briskly. Wash until thoroughly free from sul- 
 phuric acid, and preserve in close bottles with water sufficient 
 to cover it. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an antidote to arsenic, in which case it should 
 always be employed in the moist state. It should not be long 
 kept. 
 
 Ferri Oxidum Nigrum. E., D. Martial Ethiops. Mix to- 
 gether the solution of persulphate of iron (as directed for Ferri 
 Oxidum Hydratum) and the protosulphate of iron ; and preci- 
 pitate the oxide by means of strong solution of ammonia. — D. 
 directs the scales from the anvil to be prepared as chalk. (See 
 Creta Prseparata.) — Dose, gr. v to xx, two or three times a 
 day. 
 
 Use. The same as Ferri Subcarbonas. 
 
 Ferri Sesquioxidum. L. See Ferri Subcarbonas. 
 
 Ferri Nitras vel Sesquinitras. (Mr. Kerr.) To gjss of 
 iron wire add f^iij of nitric acid, diluted with f^xv of water; 
 set them aside till the action has ceased ; decant, add muriatic 
 acid 5J? and water to make up f^xxx. — Dose, 6 to 10 drops. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful styptic and astringent. 
 
 Use. In solution, in chronic diarrhoea. 
 
 Ferri Phosphas. U. JS. Dissolve separately Sjv of sulphate of 
 iron (pure), and ^vj of phosphate of soda, in Oiv of water; 
 mix, and when the phosphate has subsided, pour off the super- 
 
 9 
 
98 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 natant liquid ; wash the precipitate in hot water, and dry with 
 a gentle heat. — Dose, gr. v to x. 
 
 Use. A very good chalybeate in amenorrhea and dyspepsia. 
 
 Ferri Potassio-Tartras. L. See Ferri et Potassae Tartras. 
 
 Ferri R amenta. U. S. [Perri Limatura, D.~] Iron Filings. 
 Pile a piece of pure iron with a clean file. — Dose, 5 to 20 
 grains. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the other ferruginous prepara- 
 tions, but inferior. In undergoing oxidizement in the stomach 
 it liberates hydrogen gas. 
 
 Ferri Rubigo. D. Expose fragments of iron wire, moistened, to 
 the action of the air, till it is converted into rust. Rub the 
 powder in an iron mortar ; separate the finer particles by the 
 affusion of water, and dry it. [It consists chiefly of the sesqui- 
 oxide combined with a little protocarbonate.] 
 Not much employed. 
 
 Perri Subcarbonas. U S. [Ferri Sesquioxidum, L. ; Ferri 
 Oxidum Rubrum, E. ; Ferri Carbonas, D.~\ Precipitated Car- 
 bonate of Iron. Dissolve ifviij of sulphate of iron and %ix of 
 carbonate of soda, severally in Oiv of water ; mix the solutions, 
 stir, and let the powder subside j then pour off the supernatant 
 liquor, wash the precipitate with hot water, wrap it in bibulous 
 paper, and dry with a gentle heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, alterative, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. An excellent chalybeate in all cases requiring the employ- 
 ment of iron. 
 
 Ferri Sulphas. U. S., L., E., D. Green Vitriol. Add sul- 
 phuric acid ^xviij, and water Cong, j to ^xij of iron wire cut 
 into pieces j heat the mixture till effervescence ceases. Pour 
 off the solution, and having added Jss f sulphuric acid, filter 
 through paper \ evaporate, and set it aside to crystallize. Drain 
 the crystals in a funnel, dry them on bibulous paper, and keep 
 in well-stopped bottles. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, astringent, emmenagogue, and styptic. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 99 
 
 Use. In debility, amenorrhoea, passive hemorrhage, diabetes, &c. ; 
 externally, in leucorrhoea, gleet, eruptions, &c. 
 
 Ferri Sulphas Exsiccatum. E. Dry sulphate of iron with a 
 moderate heat, in a porcelain or earthen vessel not glazed with 
 lead, till it becomes a grayish-white mass, and reduce to powder. 
 (Three grains are about equal to five of the sulphate.) 
 
 Ferri Tannas. (Benedettt.) To a boiling solution of 90 parts 
 of pure tannic acid, add gradually 440 parts of subcarbonate of 
 iron (prepared from the pure sulphate). Agitate the solution 
 till effervescence ceases ) evaporate the mixture at 176° F., in a 
 porcelain vessel, until it becomes thick ; then spread it on glass 
 or porcelain to dry in a stove at 95°. 
 
 Used in chlorosis. — Dose, 2 or 3 grs., gradually increased. 
 
 Ferri Valerianas. (Ruspini.) To clean iron filings, in a "Wedg- 
 wood mortar, add gradually an equal weight of valerianic acid, 
 and stir constantly. In an hour, add distilled water ; gently 
 warm the whole in a flask, and filter. The surface in contact 
 with the air becomes covered over with a crystalline layer of the 
 valerianate; collect this, and expose as before, repeating the 
 process as long as it continues to yield crystals. — Dose, 1 to 2 
 grains. 
 
 Use. As a tonic, in nervous disorders, as hysteria, chorea, chlo- 
 rosis, neuralgia, &c. 
 
 Ferrugo. E. See Ferri Oxidum Hydratum. 
 
 Ferrum Ammoniatum. U. S. See Ferri- Ammonio Chloridum. 
 
 Ferrum Reductum. Iron reduced hy hydrogen. Cause a stream 
 of hydrogen gas to pass through a tube containing oxide of iron, 
 till it is reduced. 
 
 Med. Prop. This is chemically pure metallic iron, and almost 
 always becomes oxidized in the stomach before it can act medi- 
 cinally. 
 
 Ficus. U. S. [Fici, L., E. ; Ficus Carica, Z>.] Figs. The dried 
 
 fruit of Ficus Carica. 
 Med. Prop. Nutritious, laxative, and demulcent. 
 
100 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Filix Mas. U. S. [Aspidiuni Filix Mas, L., E., D.~\ Male 
 
 Fern. The rhizoma of Aspidium Filix mas. 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic, tonic, and astringent. 
 Use. To expel taenia. 
 Fceniculum. U. S., L., E., D. Fennel-seed. The fruit of 
 
 Fceniculum vulgare. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the other aromatics. 
 Folia Belladonna Opiata. (Cruveilhier.) Steep gij of 
 
 belladonna leaves in a solution of 9j of opium to ^ij of water; 
 
 dry them in the shade. 
 Used for smoking in phthisis and asthma ) but caution is requisite. 
 Fomenta vel Fotus. Fomentations are external applications of 
 
 medicated liquids, nearly always prepared extemporaneously. 
 
 Fomentum Aceti. P. White vinegar ^viij, cold water ^xxxij ; 
 
 mix. 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, and slightly resolvent. 
 
 Fomentum Ammonia Muriatis. (Ch.) Decoction of mallows 
 
 Ojss, muriate of ammonia ^j ; dissolve, and add tincture of 
 
 camphor ^ij ; [or, muriate of ammonia gj, water f^xij, proof 
 
 spirit f^ij, G-oulard's extract f3ij ;] mix. 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and resolvent. 
 Use. To painful swellings, &c. 
 Fomentum Arnica. (G-raeff.) Arnica flowers ^ij, rue 3j ; 
 
 infuse in boiling water q. s. to strain off f^xij. 
 Use. For bruises of the eye, &c. 
 Fotus Antineuralgicum. (Mialhe.) Acetate of morphia gr. 
 
 ij, acetic acid gtt. ij, eau de Cologne ^ij. 
 Use. As an anodyne in facial neuralgia. 
 Fotus Astringens. Decoction of oak-bark, or of pomegranate, 
 
 Ojss, alum Jiij. 
 Fotus Calmans. (F. H.) Mallows gj, henbane 3j, poppy-heads 
 
 gj, water Ibiv; boil to Ibiij. 
 Use. As a mild, soothing application in painful tumours, and 
 
 skin diseases. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 101 
 
 Fotus Emolliens. P. Emollient herbs {Species Emollientes) 
 
 %j, boiling water Ojss; infuse for an hour, and strain. 
 Use. Where an emollient fomentation is required. 
 
 Fotus Narcoticus. P. Narcotic herbs (Species Narcoticse) 
 Sjjj, boiling water Ojss; infuse for an hour, and strain. 
 
 Use. As Fotus Caimans. 
 
 Fotus Resolvens. Infusion of elder flowers Iviij, Goulard's 
 extract 3ss; mix. 
 
 Use. As a resolvent in painful swellings, &c. 
 
 Fotus Tannini. (Ricord.) Tannin ^ij, aromatic wine ^viij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and detergent. 
 
 Use. To chancres and buboes. 
 
 Frasera. U. S. (Sec.) American Columbo. The root of Fra- 
 sera Walteri. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to those of Columbo. 
 
 Fuligo. Common Wood-soot. 
 
 Used. Chiefly as an external application to chronic cutaneous 
 diseases. 
 
 Fuligokali. (Deschamps.) Caustic potash 20 parts, powdered 
 wood-soot 100 parts, distilled water q. s. j dissolve the potash 
 in a little water, and add the soot ; boil for an hour, then add 
 more water, and filter. Evaporate the clear solution to dryness, 
 constantly stirring, and keep the powder in dry bottles. 
 
 Uses. Same as the preceding. 
 
 Fuligokali Sulphuratum. Caustic potash 14 parts, sulphur 
 4 parts ; heat them together with a little water till dissolved ; 
 add fuligokali 60 parts, and evaporate to dryness. 
 
 Use. Same as the preceding. 
 
 Fumigatio Aromatica. Olibanum, mastic, amber, of each, Jiij, 
 styrax 3ij, benzoin and labdanum, each 5j- Throw the mixed 
 powders on red-hot cinders. 
 
 Use. To produce an agreeable fumigation. 
 
 Fumigatio Balsamica. Benzoin is burnt alone, or with styrax, 
 
 9* 
 
102 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 as a remedy for hooping-cough, $ss of each being thrown on 
 hot coals, in the patient's room. 
 
 Fumigatio Chlorinii. P. Put into an earthen, or glass vessel, 
 3 parts of common salt, 1 of peroxide of manganese, and 2 of 
 water ; add 2 parts of sulphuric acid ; stir it with a glass rod. — 
 For unoccupied rooms only. 
 
 Fumigatio Iodini et Sulphuris. (Sellers.) Sulphur ^iij, 
 cinnabar 9ij, iodine gr. x; in six powders. One to be thrown 
 on a heated iron, in the bottom of a large jar, capable of receiving 
 the limb. — In lepra, psoriasis, and tubercular eruptions. — To be 
 used 20 minutes, 3 times a day. 
 
 Fumigatio Mercurialis. The patient is placed in a wooden 
 box, having an aperture sufficiently large to allow his head to 
 protrude ; Jij or 5iij of cinnabar are sprinkled upon a hot iron 
 at his feet, and the vapour allowed to condense upon the body. 
 The fumes may be directed to any particular part, by means 
 of an inverted funnel, in an apparatus made for the purpose. 
 (The black sulphuret of mercury may be employed for the same 
 purpose.) 
 
 Use. In syphilis, and certain skin diseases. 
 
 Fumigatio Acidi Nitrici. P. Put into a porcelain cup equal 
 measures of sulphuric acid and water; add to it, from time to 
 time, powdered nitre. 
 
 Use. As a disinfectant. 
 
 Fumigatio Nitrosa. Soak porous paper in a solution of nitrate 
 of potassaj roll it up, place it in a candlestick, and set it 
 on fire. 
 
 Use. In asthma. 
 
 Fumigatio Picis Liquids. Place a tin vessel containing a 
 small quantity of tar, in another vessel of water, keeping the 
 latter at the boiling temperature by means of a spirit-lamp. 
 The patient is to be confined to the apartment. 
 
 Use. In chronic bronchitis, &c. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 103 
 
 G-albanum. U. S., L,, U. y D. The concrete juice of an un- 
 known plant. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, expectorant, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In chronic bronchial affections, amenorrhoea, and chronic 
 rheumatism ; externally, as a plaster to indolent swellings. 
 
 G-alla. U. S. (G-allse, L., E., D.) Morbid excrescences grow- 
 ing upon Quercus infectoria. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful astringent. 
 
 Use. In chronic diarrhoeas, &c. \ but chiefly externally, as a 
 gargle and injection. 
 
 G-ambogia. U. S. f D. (Cambogia, L., E.~) The concrete juice 
 of the Hebradendron Cambogioides. 
 
 Med. Prop. A drastic hydragogue cathartic. 
 
 Use. In dropsy, and constipation. 
 
 GrARGARiSMA Simplex. (Br. H.) Vinegar fgijss, decoction of 
 
 barley Oj, honey, or honey of roses, f^jss; mix. 
 Use. In irritations, and inflammations of the throat. 
 
 GrARGARiSMA Acidi Muriatici. (St. B. H.) Red roses 3ij, 
 boiling water Oj, muriatic acid 3jss; macerate for an hour, 
 and strain. — F. S. Infusion of Cinchona bark ^iv, syrup of 
 honey ^j, muriatic acid 18 drops. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and detergent. 
 
 Use. In chronic ulcerated throat, and in the sore throat of scarlet 
 fever. 
 
 G-argarisma Aluminis. (Saunders.) Alum 9j, infusion of 
 roses ^vij, honey of roses ^j ; or, alum 3j, decoction of bark 
 f^x, honey q. s. ; or, alum Jj to 3ij, decoction of sage Oj, 
 honey q. s. 
 
 Use. In quinsy, and other inflammations of the throat. 
 
 G-abgarisma Antisepticum. (F. H.) Muriate of ammonia 9ss, 
 camphor 9j, decoction of bark gvj. 
 
 Use. In ulcers of the throat of a gangrenous character. 
 
 G-argarisma Astringens. (A. T. Thomson.) Infusion of roses 
 f^vij, diluted sulphuric acid f3J, tincture of catechu f3vj, tine- 
 
104 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 ture of opium fjjss. — (Jannert.) Tannin Jss, honey of roses 
 ^ij, water ^viij, rose-water ^ij. — (Neligan.) Decoction of 
 pomegranate f^vij, honey of borax ^j. 
 Use. In aphthous ulcerations of the mouth and throat. 
 
 GtArgarisma Boracis. Borax Jij, water f^vj, honey |j ; or, 
 
 borax ^\], oxymel fjfss, water f^xj. 
 Use. Same as the preceding. 
 G-argarisma Capsici. Two tablespoonsful of powdered capsicum, 
 
 with a teaspoonful of common salt, to be infused for an hour 
 
 in a pint of boiling vinegar and water (equal parts of each) ; 
 
 to be strained through fine linen, when cool. 
 Used in the West Indies in malignant scarlatina, both as a gargle 
 
 and also internally, in the dose of a tablespoonful every half 
 
 hour. In milder cases, a much weaker preparation may be 
 
 used. 
 GtArgarisma Calcis Chlorinate. Chloride of lime 3ij, water 
 
 Oj ; triturate, filter, and add clarified honey gj. 
 Med. Prop. Antiseptic. 
 Use. In putrid sore throats. 
 GtArgarisma Iodinii. (Dr. Ross.) Tincture of iodine 3J to 
 
 Jij, tincture of opium 3J> water f^vj. 
 Use. In ulceration of the tonsils. 
 
 GtArgarisma Myrreue. Tincture of myrrh ^ss, honey of roses 
 
 ^jss, lime-water ^vj. 
 Use. As an astringent and detergent gargle. 
 
 GtArgarisma Plumbi. (Ratier.) Liquid subacetate of lead 
 
 3ss, barley water Ibj, syrup %]. 
 Use. In severe salivation. 
 
 G-argarisma Rose. Red-rose leaves ^\] to 3iij> boiling water 
 Oj ; infuse for half an hour. (Or the compound infusion may 
 be used.) 
 
 Use. A very good gargle in inflammation of the throat. 
 
 GtArgarisma Sode Chlorinate. {Guy's H.) Solution of chlo- 
 
AMEEICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 105 
 
 ride of soda f£xij, water fgxij. — (Dr. Copland.) Solution of 
 chloride of soda f£xij, honey ^ss, water f^vj. 
 
 Use. The same as Glargarisma Calcis Chlorinata. 
 
 G-argarisma Stimulans. (Dr. Copland.) Infusion of roses 
 f^vjss, dilute muriatic acid ir^xl, tincture of capsicum fjjss, 
 honey Jiij. 
 
 Use. In atonic ulceration of the throat ; also in the sore throat 
 of scarlatina. 
 
 G-argarisma Zinct. (Dr. Copland.) Sulphate of zinc 9j, rose- 
 water f^vij, simple oxymel f^j. 
 
 Use. In inflammation and ulceration of the throat. 
 
 (xAULTHERlA. U. S. Partridge-berry. The leaves of Graulthe- 
 ria procumbens. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of an aromatic and astringent; re- 
 puted emmenagogue j chiefly employed to impart flavour. 
 
 Gelatin A Chondri. See Decoctum Chondri. 
 
 G-elatina Ichthyocoll^e. See Decoctum Ichthyocollse. 
 
 GrELATiNA Lichenis Islandici. See Decoctum Lichenis. 
 
 GrELATiNA Marant^. See Decoctum Marantse. 
 
 G-entiana. U. S., L., P., D. The root of G-entiana lutea. 
 
 Med. Prop. An excellent hitter tonic. 
 
 Use. In functional dyspepsia, and in debility from acute diseases. 
 
 G-entiana Catesb^i. U. S. (Sec.) Blue Gentian. The root 
 of Grentiana Catesbsei. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to the preceding. 
 
 GIentianina. Gentianin, the active principle of gentian, is pro- 
 cured by macerating powdered gentian in cold ether, concen- 
 trating the filtered tincture, and treating the crystalline residue 
 with alcohol. Evaporate the solution, and set it aside to crys- 
 tallize. Other steps are necessary to obtain it perfectly pure. 
 
 GrEOFFROY^: Inermis Cortex. D. Cabbage-tree Bark. Bark 
 of Andira inermis. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, and anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. To expel lumbrici. 
 
106 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Geranium. U S. Cranesbill. The root of Geranium macu- 
 latum. 
 
 Med. Prop. An excellent indigenous astringent. 
 
 Use. In chronic diarrhoea and dysentery ) also as an astringent 
 gargle and injection. 
 
 G-eum. U. S. (Sec.) Water Averts. The root of Geum rivale. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of a tonic and astringent. 
 
 Gillenia. U. S. The root of G-illenia trifoliata, 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A mild and efficient emetic ; it resembles 
 ipecacuanha in its mode of action. 
 
 Glycerinum. Glycerine is obtained in making the Emplastrum 
 Plurnbi, from the water employed, by passing a current of sul- 
 phuretted hydrogen through it, until all the lead is thrown 
 down ; filter and evaporate in vacuo, or over sulphuric acid, till 
 the sp. gr. is 1-27. 
 
 Used externally in skin diseases, and inflammations of the exter- 
 nal meatus of the ear, diluted with water ; also, internally, in 
 affections of the throat and chest. 
 
 Glycyrrhiza. U.S., L. [Grycyrrhizge Radix, E. ; Glycyr- 
 rhiza Glabra, D.~] Liquorice Root. The root of G-lycyrrhiza 
 glabra. 
 
 Med. Prop. A good demulcent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an adjuvant, in catarrhal and urinary diseases. 
 
 Gossypitjm. E. Ravj Cotton. The filamentous matter sur- 
 rounding the seeds of G-ossypiuni herbaceum. 
 
 Med. Uses. Externally, to parts affected with burns, erysipelas, 
 and rheumatism. 
 
 Granati (Fructus et Radicis) Cortex. U S., L., E., D. The 
 rind of the fruit, and bark of the root of Punica Granatum, or 
 Pomegranate. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The rind of the fruit is a mild astringent, 
 and is chiefly used as a gargle. The bark of the root is anthel- 
 mintic, and is used in taenia. 
 
 Guaiaci Lignum et Resina. U S., L., D. [Guaiacum Ofiici- 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 107 
 
 nale ; Lignum et Resina, D.~\ The wood and concrete juice 
 {Guaiac) of G-uaiacum officinale. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diaphoretic, and alterative. 
 
 Use. In syphilis, chronic rheumatism, scrofula, and skin diseases. 
 
 GrUTT^E Acoustics. Acoustic Drops. Oil of almonds 3iv, oil 
 of turpentine 5 s s> tincture of opium 3ss. 
 
 GrUTT^E Antipertussice. (Dr. Graves.) Tincture of cantha- 
 rides, compound tincture of camphor, each, f^ss, compound 
 tincture of cinchona "bark f^v. — Dose, a teaspoonful three 
 times a day, in hooping-cough. 
 
 GrUTTJE Emmenagogs. (Brande.) Compound tincture of aloes 
 f^j, tincture of valerian fgj, tincture of chloride of iron f^ss. — 
 Dose, a teaspoonful, in chamomile tea. 
 
 GrUTT^E Nigrs. Lancaster Black Drop. (Dr. Armstrong.) 
 Opium Hbss, verjuice Oiij, bruised nutmegs ^jss, saffron ^ss. 
 Boil to a proper thickness, then add 2 spoonsful of yeast, and 
 let it stand in a warm place for 6 or 8 weeks, then in the open 
 air till it is of the consistence of syrup. Then decant, filter, 
 and bottle, adding a little sugar to each bottle. (See Acetum 
 Opii, U. S.) 
 
 GrUTT,E Odontalgics. Toothache Drops. (Dr. Copland.) 
 Opium gr. x, camphor gr. x, rectified spirit q. s., oil of cloves 
 5j, oil of cajeput Jj. — (Dr. Righini.) Rectified spirit Jiv, 
 creasote 3yj, tincture of cochineal 3ij, oil of peppermint gtt. xij. 
 — (Dr. Blake.) Finely powdered alum 3j, spirit of nitric 
 ether Jvij. — (M. Cottereau.) Saturate cold ether with 
 camphor, and add a few drops of Aqua Ammonite. 
 
 Hsmatoxylon. U. S., L., E. [Haematoxylon Campechia- 
 num. Lignum, D.~\ Logivood. The wood of ILsematoxylon 
 Campechianum. 
 Med. Prop. A mild astringent. 
 Use. In the bowel complaints of children. 
 Haustus. Draughts are single doses of liquid medicines, and 
 
108 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 are almost exclusively extemporaneous. A few selected for- 
 mulae are here given . 
 
 Haustus Anodynus. (Dr. Copland.) Camphor mixture Jix, 
 nitrate of potash gr. vj, Hoffman's anodyne f^j, tincture of 
 opium Tt%x to xij, syrup of poppies fjij. — To be taken at bed- 
 time. 
 
 Haustus Antiarthriticus. Sir H. Halfourd's Gout Pre- 
 ventive. Infusion of gentian f^jss, bicarbonate of potash gr. xv, 
 tincture of rhubarb fj j . 
 
 Haustus Antilithicus. (Dr. Paris.) Bicarbonate of soda 
 gr. x, infusion of quassia f^j, tincture of columbo fjj ; mix. — 
 (Dr. Venables.) Borax gr. viij, bicarbonate of soda gr. x, 
 aerated water f^viij. 
 
 Use. In red gravel. 
 
 Haustus Aperiens. (Dr. Paris.) Infusion of senna f^j, 
 tincture of senna f3J, tincture of jalap f3j, tartrate of potassa 3J, 
 syrup of senna fjj. — (Dr. Ryan.) Sulphate of magnesia fjiv, 
 infusion of senna f^jss, tincture of senna fjjss, syrup of ginger 
 f3J, aromatic spirit of ammonia ir^xx. — See also Haustus 
 Sennse Comp. 
 
 Haustus Aperiens Effervescens. (Dr. Young.) Bicarbo- 
 nate of soda 3ijss, water f^viij, cream of tartar 3iij. Cork 
 securely in a strong bottle. — (Dr. Barker.) Bisulphate of 
 potassa 73 grains, crystallized carbonate of soda 72 grains, water 
 q. s. ; dissolve separately, and mix together. 
 
 Use. A pleasant, mild cathartic. 
 
 Haustus Astringens. (Dr. Paris.) Chalk mixture ^jss, 
 tincture of opium ng xv, tincture of catechu £5 j > m i x - 
 
 Use. In chronic diarrhoea, and dysentery. 
 
 Haustus Camphorje. {Guy's H.) Camphor gr. vj, spirit q. s., 
 
 white sugar 3J> mucilage ^iij ; water f^jss. 
 Use. As camphor. 
 Haustus Colchici. (Sir C. Scudamore.) Magnesia gr. xv, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 109 
 
 to xx, sulphate of magnesia Jj to ij, vinegar of colchicum fjj 
 
 to ij, cinnamon, or other water fjix, syrup 3j. 
 Use. In gout. 
 Haustus Effervescens. Bicarbonate of soda £ss, water q. s., 
 
 dissolve, and add f^ij of any syrup; then add gr. xxv of 
 
 citric or tartaric acid. See Haustus Potassae Citratis. 
 
 Haustus Ferri Effervescens. (Dr. MacMichael.) Bicar- 
 bonate of soda Jj, water f^iv; dissolve, and add tincture of 
 chloride of iron fjj. 
 
 Use. A good effervescing chalybeate. 
 
 Haustus Ferri cum Magnesia. (Sir J. Murray.) Fluid 
 carbonate of magnesia f^jss, tincture of chloride of iron itjjx. 
 to xxx. 
 
 Use. In chlorosis with acidity. 
 
 Haustus Hydrocyanicus. (Donovan.) Cyanide of potas- 
 sium gr. j, distilled water f^iijss, syrup of lemons f3ss. Mix, 
 and divide into 8 equal draughts. One for a dose. 
 
 Haustus Magnesia Effervescens. Solution of bicarbonate 
 of magnesia f^jss, syrup of orange peel fjj, lemon-juice fljiij. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the Citrate of Magnesia. 
 
 Haustus Magnesije Citratis. (Brande.) Carbonate of 
 magnesia 3j, water f3ix, syrup of Tolu fjj, spirit of nutmeg 
 fjss, lemon-juice fjiij- 
 
 Haustus Magnesia Citratis. (Mr. Carter.) Rub up toge- 
 ther in a mortar, citric acid Jiij, oil of lemons gtt. ij, white 
 sugar 3iv; then add carbonate of magnesia, in powder, 3ij, and 
 water sufficient, or nearly so, to fill an eight-ounce bottle. 
 Transfer the solution to the bottle, before the effervescence has 
 ceased, and cork it tightly, securing it by a string. [Some use 
 magnesia instead of the carbonate, employing, at the same 
 time, a small quantity of bicarbonate of soda to obtain effer- 
 vescence.] — Dose, as a purgative, the whole bottle-full; as a 
 laxative, one half that quantity. 
 
 10 
 
110 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop. An agreeable effervescing, refrigerant, laxative or 
 purgative. 
 
 Use. In febrile affections, nausea, constipation, &c. 
 
 Haustus Magnesia Sulphatis. Sulphate of magnesia 3vj to 
 ^j, aromatic sulphuric acid gtt. iv or v; rub together in a mor- 
 tar, then add water f^ij, syrup of lemons f^j, aerated water f^v. 
 
 Use. An agreeable form for taking Epsom salts. 
 
 Hattstus Niger. Black Draught. See Haustus Aperiens, and 
 Haustus Sennae Comp. 
 
 Haustus Olei Ricini. The most pleasant method of taking 
 castor oil is to drop it into a wine-glass containing some froth 
 of porter, and then pour a little more of the latter upon the 
 top of it; the taste is entirely disguised. 
 
 Haustus Potass^e Citratis. Effervescing Draught. Carbo- 
 nate of potassa gr. xv (or bicarbonate, gr. xxij), water fjj ; 
 dissolve, and add at the time of taking, fresh lemon-juice 
 sweetened f^ss. 
 
 Med. Prop. A very pleasant refrigerant diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. In fevers, and irritable stomach. 
 
 Haustus Quassia et Ferri. (Dr. Paris.) Infusion of quas- 
 sia fjx, tincture of chloride of iron trj^x, tincture of columbo 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and chalybeate. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia and amenorrhoea. 
 
 Haustus Scoparii Compositus. Decoction of broom-tops fjxj, 
 spirit of juniper, f5J, bitartrate of potassa 3J- 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A good diuretic in dropsy. 
 
 Haustus Sennae. Senna, manna, and sulphate of magnesia (or 
 cream of tartar) each ^ss, fennel, or cardamom seed 3ij, boiling 
 water f^x. Infuse for half an hour, and strain. 
 
 Use. An excellent formula for senna tea. 
 
 Haustus Senn,e Compositus. {Guy's II.) Black Draught. 
 Senna ^x, mint 3x, boiling water Oij. Macerate for an hour, 
 strain, and add sulphate of magnesia ^viij. — Dose, f^ij to iv. 
 
 Use. A prompt cathartic, much used in Great Britain. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. Ill 
 
 Hedeoma. U. S. Pennyroyal. The herb Hedeoma pulegioides. 
 
 (The European pennyroyal is the Mentha Pulegium.) 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of a gently stimulating aromatic. 
 Helleborus. U.S., L., E. [Helleborus Niger; radix, Z).] 
 
 Black Hellebore. The root of Helleborus niger. 
 Med. Prop. A drastic hydragogue cathartic, and emmenagogue. 
 Use. In dropsy, mania, melancholia, and amenorrhea. 
 Hepatic A. U. S. (Sec.) Liverwort. The leaves of Hepatica 
 
 Americana. 
 Med. Prop. A mild demulcent tonic, and astringent. 
 Use. Formerly esteemed in coughs and chronic hepatic affections; 
 
 not used at present. 
 Hirudo. L. [Hirudo Medicinalis, D.~\ The Leech. 
 Use. To take blood topically. A single European leech will 
 
 draw from half an ounce to an ounce of blood. An American 
 
 leech, only about one-sixth as much. 
 
 Hordeum. U S., L., E. y D. Barley. The decorticated seeds 
 of Hordeum distichon. When rounded and polished in a mill, 
 it constitutes pearl barley (Hordeum Perlatum). 
 
 Med. Prop. Nutritious, and demulcent. 
 
 Use. Much employed in the form of decoction (barley-water) in 
 fevers, and inflammation of the urino-genital organs. 
 
 Humultjs. U. S. [Lupulus, L.j E. ; Humulus Lupulus, Z>.] 
 
 Hops. The strobiles of Humulus Lupulus. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and narcotic. 
 Use. In dyspepsia of drunkards; to relieve morbid vigilance; 
 
 also in the form of a poultice, in rheumatism, and face-ache. 
 
 Hydrargyrum. U S., L., E., D. Mercury. 
 Use. Liquid mercury was formerly used in obstinate constipa- 
 tion and introsusception of the bowels. 
 
 Hydrargyrum Ammoniatum. U S. [Hydrargyri Ammonio- 
 chloridum, L. ; Hydrargyri Precipitatum Album, E. ; Hydrar- 
 gyri Submurias Ammoniatum, D.~\ White Precipitate. Bi- 
 chloride of mercury ^vj, distilled water Cong, j ; dissolve by 
 
112 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 heat, and add to the solution, when cold, water of ammonia 
 f^viij, frequently stirring. "Wash the precipitate till it becomes 
 tasteless, and dry it. (It is an ami-chloride of mercury, con- 
 sisting of calomel and amidogen. Kane.) 
 
 Use. Externally, as an ointment in skin diseases. 
 
 Hydrargyrum cum Creta. U. S., L., E., D. Rub together 
 mercury ^iij, and prepared chalk §v, till all the globules dis- 
 appear. 
 
 Med. Prop. The mildest of the mercurials ; alterative, and ant- 
 acid. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in the bowel affections of children. 
 
 Hydrargyrum cum Magnesia. D. Purified mercury and 
 manna, each, 2 parts, carbonate of magnesia 1 part. Rub the 
 mercuiy and manna together with enough water to give them 
 the consistence of syrup, till the globules disappear ; then add, 
 still triturating, one eighth of the carbonate of magnesia; and 
 after the whole is well mixed, add 16 parts of hot water, and 
 agitate the mixture. When it has settled, decant the fluid, 
 and repeat the washing a second and third time, that all the 
 manna may be removed. Then add the rest of the magnesia, 
 and dry the powder on bibulous paper. (It contains nearly 
 twice as much mercury as the Hydrargyrum cum Creta.) 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as Hydr. cum Creta. 
 
 Hydrargyri Acetas. P., D. Dissolve protonitrate of mercury 
 in 3 or 4 times its weight of water, slightly acidulated with 
 nitric acid, and add to it gradually a solution of acetate of soda 
 (acetate of potassa, Z>.), in slight excess; wash the precipitate 
 with cold water, and dry it in the shade. — Dose, I gr. to gr. j. 
 
 Med. Prop. Similar to the other mercurials. 
 
 Hydrargyri et Ammonia Murias. P. Sal Aleinbroth. 
 Equal parts of bichloride of mercury and muriate of ammonia 
 levigated together. 
 
 Med. Prop. Very similar to those of Corrosive Sublimate. It is 
 more soluble. 
 
 Hydrargyri Bicyanidum. L. [Hydrargyri Cyanidum, U. £.,/?.] 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 113 
 
 Boil ^viij of Prussian blue with ^x of binoxide of mer- 
 cury in Oiv of distilled water, for half an hour, and filter ; eva- 
 porate and crystallize; wash what remains frequently with 
 boiling distilled water, and evaporate the mixed liquors for 
 more crystals. — Dose, Jgth to ith of a grain. 
 Med. Prop. Yery poisonous, — rarely used as a medicine ; chiefly 
 to prepare hydrocyanic acid. 
 
 Hydrargyri Bichloridum. L. See Hydrarg. Chloridum Cor- 
 rosivum. 
 
 Hydrargyri Chloridum Corrosivum. U. S. [Hydrargyri Bi- 
 chloridum, L. ; Sublimatus Corrosivus, E. ; Hydrargyri Murias 
 Corrosivum, D.~] Corrosive Sublimate. Boil Ibij of mercury with 
 ibiij of sulphuric acid, until the sulphate is left dry ; rub this, 
 when cold, with Ibjss of chloride of sodium, in an earthenware 
 mortar ; then sublime with a gradually increasing heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. One of the strongest of the mercurials, and the least 
 apt to salivate. 
 
 Used. In secondary syphilis, and chronic skin diseases; exter- 
 nally, as a gargle, and in skin diseases. 
 
 Hydrargyri Chloridum Mite. U S. [Hydrargyri Chlori- 
 dum, L. ; Calomelas, E. ; Calomelas Sublimatum, D.~\ Calomel. 
 Boil Ibij of mercury with Ibiij of sulphuric acid, until the sul- 
 phate is left dry ; rub this when cold with Ibij of mercury in an 
 earthenware mortar, until they are thoroughly mixed ; then rub 
 this with Ibjss of chloride of sodium till the globules disappear; 
 after which sublime. Reduce the sublimed matter to very fine 
 powder, washing it frequently with boiling distilled water, till 
 no precipitate is given by water of ammonia. [When sublimed 
 into a vessel containing steam, it forms JeweIVs hydrosubli- 
 mate.~\ 
 
 Med. Prop. A certain mercurial purgative, and anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. As a purgative, whenever the liver requires stimulation; 
 as an alterative, in dyspepsia, constipation, and chronic skin 
 diseases ; as a sialagogue, in inflammations, and some fevers. 
 
 Hydrargyri et Potassii Iodidum. (M. Boullay.) lodoliy- 
 
 10* 
 
114 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 drargyrate of Iodide of Potassium. Iodide of potassium 10 
 parts, biniodide of mercury 25 parts, distilled water 10 parts; 
 boil together in a glass matrass till the biniodide of mercury is 
 dissolved ; let the solution cool, pour off the clear liquid, and 
 crystallize by evaporation and refrigeration. 
 
 Use. In secondary syphilis, and chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Hydrargyri Iodidum. U. jS., L. Rub ^j of mercury and 3v 
 of iodine together, with enough alcohol to form a soft paste, till 
 the globules disappear. Dry the iodide in the dark, by a gentle 
 heat, and preserve in a well-stoppered bottle. [A better way 
 is to decompose calomel by iodide of potassium.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, and resolvent. 
 
 Use. In scrofula and syphilis; externally, as an ointment in 
 skin diseases. 
 
 Hydrargyri Iodidum Rubrum. U. S. [Hydrargyri Biniodi- 
 dum, L., E.~] Dissolve ^j of corrosive sublimate in Ojss of 
 distilled water, and mix it with Jx of iodide of potassium dis- 
 solved in Oss of distilled water. Collect the precipitate on a 
 filter, wash it with distilled water, and dry by a moderate heat. 
 Dose, y'gth to ith of a grain. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful irritant poison, too active for internal 
 use; employed in the form of an ointment, in obstinate skin 
 diseases. 
 
 Hydrargyri Oxidum Nigrum. U. S., D. [Hydrargyri Oxy- 
 dum, L.~\ Dissolve ^iv of potassa in Oj of water, and add %iv 
 of calomel, stirring constantly till the black oxide is formed ; 
 pour off the supernatant liquor, wash the precipitate with dis- 
 tilled water, and dry with a gentle heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, purgative, and sialagogue. 
 
 Use. As calomel ; also for fumigation. 
 
 Hydrargyri Oxidum Rubrum. U. S., E. [Hydrargyri Ni- 
 trico-Oxydum, L. ; Hydrargyri Oxydum Nitricum, D.~] Red 
 Precipitate. Dissolve ^xxxvj of mercury in f^xiv of nitric 
 acid previously mixed with Oij of water, and evaporate to dry- 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 115 
 
 ness. Rub the dry mass into powder, and heat it in a very 
 shallow vessel till vapours cease to rise. 
 
 Use. Not employed internally; externally, as an ointment to 
 indolent and fungous ulcers, and psorophthalmia. 
 
 Hydrargyri Oxidum Rubrum. D. Precipitate per se. Place 
 purified mercury in an open glass vessel with a narrow open 
 mouth and broad bottom, and expose it to a heat of about 600°, 
 till it is converted into red scales. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the former. 
 
 Hydrargyri Binoxidum. L. Dissolve giv of bichloride of 
 mercury in Ovj of distilled water, and add f^xxviij of solution 
 
 _of potassa. The precipitate is to be carefully washed and dried. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Hydrargyri Oxidum Rubrum. 
 
 Hydrargyri Precipitatum Album. E. See Hydrargyrum 
 Ammoniatum. 
 
 Hydrargyri Precipitatum Nigrum. Hahnemann's Soluble 
 Mercury. Dissolve protonitrate of mercury, by triturating it 
 with distilled water, slightly acidulated with nitric acid ; add to 
 the filtered solution, by small quantities, solution of ammonia 
 diluted with 15 or 20 times its weight of water, so long as the 
 precipitate formed is nearly black, stirring it with a glass rod. 
 Wash the powder, and dry in the shade. — Dose, J to 1 grain. 
 
 Hydrargyri Sulphas Flavus. U S. [Hydrargyri Oxydum 
 Sulphuricum, D.~] Turpeth Mineral. Mix ^iv of mercury 
 with gvj of sulphuric acid in a glass vessel, and boil by means 
 of a sand-bath till a dry white mass remains; rub this into 
 powder, and throw it into boiling water; pour off the super- 
 natant liquor, and wash the yellow precipitate repeatedly with 
 hot water; then dry it. — Dose, as an emetic, 3 to 6 grains. 
 
 Used chiefly as an errhine. 
 
 Hydrargyri Sulphuretum Nigrum. U. S., D. [Hydrargyri 
 Sulphuretum cum Sulphure, L.~] Ethiops Mineral. Rub equal 
 weights of mercury and sulphur together till the globules dis- 
 appear. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative. 
 
 Use. In scrofulous, and glandular swellings of children. 
 
116 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Hydrargyri Sulphurettjm Rubrum. U S., D. [Hydrargyri 
 Bisulphuretum, L.~\ Cinnabar. Mix ^xl of mercury with 
 gviij of melted sulphur, over the fire ; and as soon as the mass 
 begins to swell, remove from the fire, and cover it with conside- 
 rable force, to prevent combustion ; then reduce to powder, and 
 sublime. 
 
 Used chiefly for fumigations, in syphilis and skin diseases. 
 
 Hydromel. P. Fine honey ^ij, boiling water gxxxij; dissolve, 
 and filter. 
 
 Use. As a drink. 
 
 Hyoscyami Folia et Semen. U. S., L., E., D. Henbane. 
 Leaves and seed of Hyoscyamus niger. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, gently excitant, and anodyne. 
 
 Use. As a substitute for opium, in coughs, asthma, &c; — exter- 
 nally, as an anodyne fomentation. 
 
 Ichthyocolla. U.S. Isinglass. The swimming bladder of Aci- 
 penser Huso, and other species of Acipenser. 
 
 Med. Prop. A very pure variety of gelatin ; — used as a nutritious 
 article of diet, made up into a jelly. 
 
 Ineusa. Infusions are generally prepared by pouring boiling 
 water on vegetable substances, previously cut or bruised, and 
 macerating in a close vessel till cool. In a few cases cold water 
 is used, as when the active principle of the vegetable is vola- 
 tilizable at the temperature of boiling water, or when it is 
 injured at a high heat, or where it is desirable to avoid the 
 solution of some of the associated principles. The water em- 
 ployed should always be pure. For infusions containing acids, 
 vessels of glass should be employed. For very strong infusions, 
 the process by displacement or percolation should be resorted 
 to. — The usual dose of infusions is from f^j to f^ij. 
 
 Ineusum Absinthii. (Brande.) Fresh wormwood 3ij (or 
 dried ^j), boiling water Oj ; macerate for 4 hours, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 
 Ineusum Alkalinum. Hickory ashes Oj, wood soot Oi, boiling 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 117 
 
 water Cong. ss. Let them stand 24 hours, and decant. — Dose, 
 a wineglassful 3 or 4 times a day, in lithiasis and dyspepsia. 
 [This was a favourite remedy of Dr. Physick.] 
 
 Infusum Aloes Compositum. (Dr. Fothergill.) Aloes 3j, 
 rhubarb Jiv, columbo $iv, lime-water f^viij, spirit of horse- 
 radish f^ss. Infuse 12 hours, in a close vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, purgative, and stimulant. 
 
 Infustjm Angustura. U. S., D. [Infusum Cusparise, L., E.~] 
 Bruised angustura bark ^ss, boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 
 hours, in a covered vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 
 Infusum Anthemidis. U S., L., E. [Infusum Chamsemeli, 
 Z).] Chamomile flowers ^ss, boiling water Oj ', macerate for 
 10 minutes, in a covered vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, when used cold ', emetic, when taken warm, 
 and in large quantities. 
 
 Infusum Armoracia. U. S. [Infusum Armoracise Compo- 
 situm, L. y D.~\ Fresh horseradish root, sliced, and mustard- 
 seed, bruised, each ^j, boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours, 
 in a covered vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diuretic. 
 
 Use. In passive dropsy, scurvy, and paralysis. 
 
 Infusum Aurantii. E. [Infusum Aurantii Compositum, L., 
 D.~] Dried bitter orange-peel ^ss, fresh lemon-peel 3ij> cloves 
 Jj, boiling water Oj; macerate for 15 minutes, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. A grateful stomachic. 
 
 Use. In nausea, and debility of the stomach. 
 
 Infusum Belladonna. (Dr. Paris.) Dried belladonna leaves 
 
 gr. iv, boiling water f^ij ; infuse for one dose. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as Belladonna. 
 
 Infusum Buchu. E. y D. See Infusum Diosmae. 
 Infusum Calumba. L., D. See Infusum Colunibse. 
 Infusum Capsici. (Pereira.) Powdered capsicum 3iv, boiling 
 
118 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 water Oj; macerate for 2 hours, and strain. — Dose, f^ss. (See 
 G-argarisma Capsici.) 
 
 Infusum Caryophylli. U. S., L., E. [Infusum Caryophyllo- 
 rurii, ZX] Bruised cloves ^\), boiling water Oj ; macerate in a 
 covered vessel, for 2 hours, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of a carminative, and stomachic. 
 
 Infusum Cascarill^:. TJ. S., L., E., D. Bruised cascarilla 
 hark ^j, boiling water Oj j macerate for 2 hours, in a covered 
 vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the aromatic tonics. 
 
 Infusum Cassia. Eau de Casse. (Soubeiran.) Cassia pods, 
 bruised, ^iv, boiling water Ojss ; infuse for 6 hours, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic, carminative ; like cinnamon, but weaker. 
 Use. In nausea, flatulence, &c. 
 
 Infusum Catechu Compositum. U S., L., D. [Infusum 
 Catechu, E.~\ Powdered catechu ^ss, bruised cinnamon 3J? 
 boiling water Oj ; macerate for 1 hour, in a covered vessel, and 
 strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, stomachic. 
 
 Use. An elegant mode of administering catechu, in diarrhoea, &c. 
 
 Infusum Chirett^s. E. Chiretta Jiv, boiling water Oj ; in- 
 fuse for 2 hours, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. A pleasant simple bitter tonic. 
 Use. In dyspepsia, and general debility. 
 
 Infusum Cinchona. U. S., L., E., D. Peruvian bark bruised 
 ^j, boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours, in a covered vessel, 
 and strain. It may also be advantageously prepared by perco- 
 lation. [D. directs it to be prepared by macerating ^j of bark 
 in f^xij of cold water, for 24 hours.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of Peruvian bark, but less powerful. — The D. 
 process is the best. 
 
 Use. In general debility, convalescence, &c. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 119 
 
 Infusum Cinchona Compositum. U. S. Powdered Peruvian 
 bark ^j, aromatic sulphuric acid f3J, cold water Oj ; macerate 
 for 12 hours and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent form for administering Peru- 
 vian bark. 
 
 Infusum Colombo. U S., D. [Infusum Calumbse, L., E.~\ 
 Bruised columbo jfss, boiling water j ; macerate for 2 hours, 
 in a covered vessel, and strain. [E. directs it to be made by 
 percolation with cold water, which is a better preparation.] 
 
 Med. Prop. An excellent simple bitter tonic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, convalescence from acute diseases, cholera, 
 and diarrhoea. 
 
 Infusum Dauci. (Woodville.) Carrot seed ^j, boiling water 
 Oj- 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Diuretic; in dropsy. 
 
 Infusum Digitalis. U. S., L., E., D. Dried foxglove leaves 
 
 3J, boiling water Oss \L., Oj]; macerate for 4 hours, in a 
 
 covered vessel, and strain; then add tincture of cinnamon f^j. 
 
 — Dose, fjij to fjiv. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as Digitalis; a good form for 
 
 administration. 
 Infusum Diosm^:. U S., L. [Infusum Buchu, E. y D.~] Buchu 
 
 leaves ^j, boiling water Oj ; macerate for 4 hours, in a covered 
 
 vessel, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diuretic, and diaphoretic. 
 Use. In chronic affections of the bladder. 
 Infusum Ergotje. (Pereira.) Bruised ergot 3j, boiling water 
 
 f^iv; macerate till cold. — For three doses. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Ergot. 
 Infusum Eupatorii. U. S. Dried thoroughwort (boneset) ^j, 
 
 boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours in a covered vessel, and 
 
 strain. 
 Med. Prop. Diaphoretic and emetic in large warm draughts; 
 
 tonic, when cold. 
 Use. In catarrh and influenza ; as a tonic, in dyspepsia, &o. 
 
120 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Infusum Funiculi. Fennel seed Jij, boiling water j ; in- 
 fuse for half an hour. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the aromatic seeds generally. 
 
 Infusum Gentians Compositum. U S., L., D. [Infusum 
 Grentianse, E.~\ Bruised Gentian root ^ss, dried bitter orange- 
 peel and coriander seed, bruised, each Jj, diluted alcohol f^iv, 
 cold water f^xij. First pour on the alcohol, and three hours 
 afterwards, the water ; then macerate for 12 hours, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. An excellent tonic, and stomachic. 
 
 Use. In debility of the digestive organs, convalescence, and 
 diarrhoea. 
 
 Infusum Humuli. XT. S. [Infusum Lupuli, L.~\ Hops §ss, 
 boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours, in a covered vessel, and 
 strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic ; slightly narcotic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, and morbid vigilance ; — very feeble. 
 
 Infusum Juglandis. (M. Negrier.) Fresh walnut leaves ^j, 
 boiling water f^xij ) infuse till cold, and strain. — Dose, f^iv 
 2 or 3 times a day. 
 
 Use. In scrofula. 
 
 Infusum Juniperi. (Pereira.) Bruised juniper berries £j, 
 boiling water Oj ; macerate for 1 hour. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild diuretic. 
 
 Use. As a drink in dropsy ; usually as an adjuvant. 
 
 Infusum Juniperi Compositum. (Guy's H.) Juniper berries 
 ^ijss, boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours, and strain ; then 
 add compound spirit of juniper f3x, and bitartrate of potassa 
 3J [or more]. — Dose, f^ij three times a day. 
 
 Use. An excellent drink in dropsies. 
 
 Infusum Kramerl/E. U S., L. Bruised rhatany ^j, boiling 
 water Oj j macerate for 4 hours, in a covered vessel, and strain. 
 [Better prepared by percolation, with cold water.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Krameria ; an excellent astringent. 
 
 Infusum Lini. U. S., E. [Compositum, L., D.~\ Flaxseed ^ss, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 121 
 
 bruised liquorice root £ij, boiling water Oj ) macerate for 
 
 4 hours, in a covered vessel, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 Use. In catarrhs, strangury, gonorrhoea, and diseases of the 
 
 bladder and kidney. 
 
 Infusum Maticonis. (Dr. H. Lane.) Leaves of matico gj, 
 
 boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. 
 
 Infusum Melissa. Fresh balm £v, boiling water Oj ; infuse 
 
 for a quarter of an hour. 
 Med. Prop. Diaphoretic and emetic, when taken warm. 
 
 Infusum Mentha Simplex. D. Dried mint Jij, boiling water 
 q. s. to yield f^vj of strained infusion; digest for half an hour, 
 and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild aromatic, carminative, and stomachic. 
 
 Use. In nausea, slight colic, flatulence, and to cover the taste of 
 other medicines. 
 
 Infusum Mentha Compositum. D. Add to the last, when 
 strained and cold, white sugar Jij, oil of spearmint 3 drops dis- 
 solved in comp. tine, of cardamom fjfss. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as the preceding, but stronger. 
 
 Infusum Pareirs. L., E. Pareira brava root 3 v j> boiling 
 
 water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, diuretic, and aperient. 
 Use. In chronic urinary disorders. 
 
 Infusum Pruni Virginians. Wild cherry bark, bruised, gss, 
 cold water Oj ; macerate for 24 hours, and strain. [Also by 
 percolation.] 
 
 Med. Prop. A sedative tonic j an excellent form of administra- 
 tion. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia with excitement ; in the colliquative sweats of 
 phthisis. 
 
 11 
 
122 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Lnfusum Quassia. U. S., L., E., D. Rasped quassia 3ij, 
 cold water Oj ; macerate for 12 hours, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. An excellent simple bitter infusion. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, and general debility. 
 
 Infusum Rhei. U. S.j £., E., D. Bruised rhubarb root 3j, 
 boiling water Oss ; digest for 2 hours, in a covered vessel, and 
 strain. [Any of the aromatics may advantageously be added.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Purgative, and stomachic. 
 
 Use. In constipation, and in diarrhoea. 
 
 Infusum Ros^b Compositum. U. S., L. [Infusum Rosae, E.; 
 Infusum Rosae Acidum, D.~\ Dried red roses §ss, boiling 
 water Oijss, diluted sulphuric acid f3iij ) macerate for half an 
 hour, in a glass vessel, strain, and add refined sugar ^jss. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and refrigerant. 
 
 Use. In hemorrhages, and colliquative sweats ; also as a pleasant 
 vehicle for saline medicines. 
 
 Infusum Salvia. Pried sage leaves 3j, boiling water Oj ; 
 macerate for half an hour, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild astringent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as a gargle, in sore throat. 
 
 Infusum Sanguinary. Pried blood-root ^ss, boiling water 
 
 Oj ; infuse for half an hour, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Emetic, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Infusum SARSAPARiLLiE. U. S. [Compositum, D.~\ Bruised 
 sarsaparilla root ^j, boiling water Oj (lime-water Oj, D.), digest 
 for 2 hours (12, Z>.), in a covered vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Those of sarsaparilla ; — an inferior preparation. 
 
 Infusum Sassafras. Sassafras (bark of root) gss, boiling 
 
 water Oj ; macerate for 6 hours. 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic and alterative. 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, chronic skin diseases, and secondary 
 
 syphilis; — of doubtful efficacy. 
 
 Infusum Scoparii. L. Broom tops 3j, boiling water Oj ; 
 macerate for 4 hours, and strain. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 123 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic and cathartic. 
 
 Use. As a drink in dropsy. 
 
 Infusum Senega. E. Senega %x, boiling water Oj ; infuse 
 for 4 hours, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Senega. 
 
 Infusum Senn^e. U. S., E. [Infusum Sennge Compositum, 
 L.j D.~\ Senna %}, bruised coriander 3j, boiling water Oj j 
 macerate for an hour, in a covered vessel, and strain. (Or, senna 
 ifss, sulphate of magnesia and manna, each, ^j, fennel seed Jj, 
 boiling water Ossj infuse in a covered vessel till cool.) — Dose, 
 one-third every 4 or 5 hours. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An admirable form for administering 
 senna as a cathartic; the saline and aromatic obviating its 
 griping effects. 
 
 Infusum Sennge cum Tamarindis, D. [Infusum Sennae Com- 
 positum, E.~] Senna Jj or 3ij, tamarinds ^j, bruised corian- 
 der Jj, muscovado sugar ^ss, boiling water f^viij ; infuse for 
 4 hours, with occasional stirring, in a vessel not glazed with 
 lead, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Much the same as the preceding. 
 
 Infusum Serpentari^e. U. S., L., E. Virginia Snake-root 
 ^ss, boiling water Oj. Macerate for 2 hours, in a covered vessel, 
 and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Serpentaria; — the ordinary form for 
 administration. 
 
 Infusum Sesami. (Wood.) Two fresh bene leaves infused in 
 f^viij of cold water form a mucilaginous demulcent drink. 
 (Dried leaves require hot water.) 
 
 Use. In diarrhoeas and dysentery of children, and cholera in- 
 fantum. 
 
 Infusum Simarub^:. L., E., D. Bruised simaruba bark 3iij, 
 boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours, in a covered vessel 
 and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Infusum Quassia. 
 
124 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Infusum Spigelle. U. S. Pink-root ^ss, boiling water Oj ; 
 macerate for 2 hours in a covered vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. A common method of administering pink-root as a vermi- 
 fuge. 
 
 Infusum Spigeli^ cum Senna. As the last, with Jiv of senna. 
 — Dose, for a child 3 years old, f^ss to f^j. 
 
 Use. A better form than the last. 
 
 Infusum Tabaci. U. S., D. [Enema Tabaci, L. y E.] Tobacco 
 leaves 3J? boiling water Oj ; macerate for an hour, in a covered 
 vessel, and strain. 
 
 Use. As an injection, in strangulated hernia, &c. 
 
 Infusum Tanaceti. (Pereira.) Fresh tansy ^j to gij, boiling 
 water Oj ; infuse and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. A popular remedy in amenorrhoea. 
 
 Infusum Ulmi. U. S. Slippery elm bark, sliced and bruised, 
 ^j, boiling water Oj ; macerate for 2 hours, in a covered vessel 
 and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. As Infusum Lini. 
 
 Infusum Valerianae. U. S., L., D. Valerian ^ss, boiling 
 water Oj ; macerate for an hour, in a covered vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Valeriana ; — a common method of admi- 
 nistration. 
 
 Infusum Zingiberis. (Wood.) Bruised ginger ^ss, boiling 
 
 water Oj ) macerate for 2 hours, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, carminative, and stomachic. 
 Use. In mild colic, flatulence, nausea, and debility of stomach. 
 
 Inula. U. S. (Sec), L. [Inula Helenium, D.~\ Elecampane. 
 
 The root of Inula Helenium. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, diuretic, and expectorant. 
 Use. In dyspepsia, chronic diseases of the lungs, amenorrhcea, &c. 
 Iodinum. U. S. [Iodinium, L., D. ; Iodineum, D.~\ Iodine is 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 125 
 
 prepared by lixiviating kelp, and removing the crystallizable 
 salts by successive evaporations ; dry the mother liquor, and 
 heat the residuum with one-tenth its weight of powdered per- 
 oxide of manganese, in an iron pot, constantly stirring. Dis- 
 solve it in water to obtain a solution of sp. gr. 1-334; pass 
 through it a current of chlorine, avoiding excess ; wash the 
 deposit with a little water, and distil it in a glass retort. (P.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, absorbent, alterative, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. In scrofula, bronchocele, glandular swellings, tertiary 
 syphilis, chronic rheumatism. — Used only in solution. 
 
 Ipecacuanha. U. S., L., E. [Cephaelis Ipecacuanha, Z?.] The 
 root of Cephaelis Ipecacuanha. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emetic, in full dose; alterative, diaphoretic, and ex- 
 pectorant, in small doses. 
 
 Use. A prompt and efficient, though mild emetic; — in dysentery, 
 pulmonary diseases, &c. 
 
 Ibis Florentina. U S. (Sec.) Orris-root. The rhizoma of 
 
 Iris Florentina. 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, diuretic, and in large doses, emetic. 
 Use. At present, chiefly for its agreeable odour. 
 
 Iris Versicolor. U. S. (Sec.) Blue Flag. The rhizoma of 
 
 Iris versicolor. 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, as the preceding. 
 
 Jalapa. U. S., L., E., D. The root of Ipomoea Jalapa. 
 Med. Prop. An active hydragogue cathartic. 
 Use. In dropsy, combined with cream of tartar; — often with 
 calomel. 
 
 Juglans. U. S. The inner bark of the root of Juglans cinerea, 
 or Butternut. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, resembling rhubarb. [The leaves of Ju- 
 glans regia are recommended by Negrier, in scrofula.] 
 
 Juniperus. U. S., L., E., D. Juniper Berries. The fruit of 
 Juniperus communis. 
 
 11* 
 
126 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop. Gently stimulant, and diuretic. 
 
 Use. As an adjuvant, in dropsy. 
 
 Juniperus Virginiana. U. IS. (Sec.) Red Cedar. The tops 
 
 of Juniperus Yirginiana. 
 Med. Prop. Yery similar to Savine (Juniperus Sabina). 
 
 Kali. See Potassa. 
 
 Kermes Minerale. See Antimonii Sulphuretum Precipitatum. 
 
 Kino. U. S., L., E., D. An extract (or inspissated juice), ob- 
 tained from an uncertain plant. 
 
 Med. Prop. One of the best astringents for internal use. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea, chronic dysentery, passive hemorrhages, &c. ; 
 also externally. 
 
 Krameria. XT. S.f L., E. [Rhatania, D.~\ Rkatany. The 
 root of Krameria triandra. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Yery similar to those of Kino. Applied 
 also to spongy gums, and as an injection, in fissure of the anus. 
 
 Lac Amygdala. See Mistura Amygdalae. 
 
 Lac Assafcetidje. See Mistura Assafcetidae. 
 
 Lac Sulphuris. See Sulphur Precipitatum. 
 
 Lacmus. L., E. [Litmus, D.~\ Litmus. A peculiar colouring 
 
 matter, from Roccella tinctoria. 
 Use. To impart a red colour, and as a test for acids. 
 
 Lactucarium. U. S., L., E. The inspissated juice of Lactuca 
 
 sativa [and L. virosa, E.~] 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, anodyne. 
 Use. As a mild substitute for opium, especially in pulmonary 
 
 affections. It does not check the secretions. 
 
 Lapis Divinus. P. Sulphate of copper ^iij, nitre ^iij, alum 
 ^iij ; fuse them together, stir in 3j of powdered camphor, and 
 pour it out on an oiled slab. 
 
 Used in lotions, eye-waters, &c. — Pulegnat recommends the fol- 
 lowing in recent contusions: alum ^ij, sal ammoniac, verdigris, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 127 
 
 and sulphate of zinc, each, Jj \ mix, and melt with a gentle heat. 
 
 A piece the size of a nut to be dissolved in a quart of water. 
 
 The Lapis Vulnerarius of some formularies is nearly the same. 
 Laudanum Sydenhami. See Vinum Opii. 
 Lauri Bacc^ et Folia. L,, D. Berries and leaves of the Bay 
 
 Tree (Laurus Nobilis). 
 Med. Prop. Excitant and narcotic ;— not used as a medicine. 
 
 Lauro-Cerasus. E. [Prunus Lauro-Cerasus, D.~\ Leaves of 
 Prunus Lauro-Cerasus, or Cherry Laurel. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Hydrocyanic Acid. 
 
 Lavandula. U. S., L., E. [Lavandula Spica, D.~] The flowers 
 of Lavandula vera, or Lavender. 
 
 Med. Prop. A delightful aromatic, tonic, and carminative. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in the form of oil (Oleum Lavandulae) ; also as a 
 perfume. 
 
 Limatura Ferri. See Ferri Limatura. 
 
 Limatura Stanni. See Pulvis Stanni. 
 
 Limon. U. S. [Limones, L., E., D.~] Lemons. The fruit of 
 Citrus Limonum. 
 
 Used for their juice, and rind. 
 
 Limonis Cortex. U.S. [Limonum Cortex, L., E. } D.~] Lemon- 
 Peel. The outer rind of the fruit of Citrus Limonum. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild stimulant, and tonic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an adjuvant to stomachic infusions. 
 
 Limonadum. Lemonade. Cut 2 lemons in slices, pour on them 
 Ojss of boiling water; infuse for an hour, in a covered vessel, 
 then add ^ij of white sugar, and strain. Or, citric acid 3J> 
 rubbed up with 2 drops of oil of lemons, sugar §ij, water Ojss. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An agreeable refrigerant drink, in fevers. 
 
 Limonadum Aeratum. Put fgj of syrup of lemons in each 
 bottle, and fill up with aerated water. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the former. 
 
 Limonadum Magnesia Laxativum. (Mialhe.) Calcined 
 magnesia 3ij> citric acid 3vjss, water f^x. Heat to boiling, 
 and filter, whilst hot, into a pint bottle containing 3ij of syrup 
 
128 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 of lemon-peel, and fill up with (aerated) water. This contains 
 
 5xij of citrate of magnesia, equal in effect to ^j of the sulphate. 
 
 [See Haustus Magnesias Citratis.] 
 Limonadum Sulphuricum. (M. G-endrin.) Sulphuric acid 
 
 gtt. xl, water Oj ; mix. 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, tonic, and astringent. 
 Use. Chiefly as a prophylactic, in colica pictonum. 
 Linctus Acidus. (Dr. Copland.) Honey of roses £x, muriatic 
 
 acid n^ xx, syrup of red poppies 3ij. 
 Use. A soothing antiseptic application to ulcerated throats. 
 Linctus Boracis. {U. C. H.) Borax Jiij, honey gj ; melt, and 
 
 stir together; then add syrup gj. — Dr. Copland. Spermaceti 
 
 Jijss, compound powder of tragacanth Jiij, syrup of tolu ^j, 
 
 borax 3ijss, confection of roses 3v, syrup of marsh-mallows q. s. 
 Use. In cases of inflamed throat, or aphthous mouth. 
 Linctus Ipecacuanha. (Dr. Copland.) Oil of almonds f^j, 
 
 syrup of lemons f^j, ipecacuanha gr. vj, confection of hips ^j, 
 
 compound powder of tragacanth Jiij- 
 Use. In coughs. 
 
 Linctus Myrrha et Ipecacuanha. (Dr. Copland.) Myrrh 
 5J, ipecacuanha gr. vj, mucilage, syrup of marsh-mallows, and 
 oxymel of squill, each, Jyj. 
 
 Use. In coughs, and irritation of the throat. 
 
 Linctus Oleosus. {U. C. H.) Oil of almonds f^j, syrup of 
 poppies f^j, powdered tragacanth Jiij. 
 
 Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Linctus Opiatus. {Guy's H.) Tincture of opium fjij, dilute 
 sulphuric acid f 3 ij ss, treacle f^viij, water f^iij. — Dose, a tea- 
 spoonful occasionally. 
 
 Linctus Pectoralis. (Dr. Ryan.) Oxymel of squill, mucilage 
 of acacia, and simple syrup, equal quantities. 
 
 Use. In pectoral affections. 
 
 Linctus Potassje Nitratis. {Guy's H.) Nitre 5jss, honey of 
 roses f^j, oxymel f^ss. — Dose, a teaspoonful occasionally. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 129 
 
 Lincttjs Rosa. Confection of roses |ij, dilute sulphuric acid 
 
 f3J> compound tincture of camphor fjxij. 
 Use. As an astringent and refrigerant, in colliquative sweats and 
 
 hemorrhage. 
 Lincttjs Scilla. Oil of almonds =§ij, oxymel of squills ^j. 
 Use. As a demulcent and expectorant, in coughs. 
 
 Lincttjs Terebinthina. (Recamier.) Oil of turpentine ^ij, 
 
 honey of roses ^iv. 
 Use. A pleasant mode of administering oil of turpentine. 
 
 Linimenta. Liniments. These are oleaginous preparations in- 
 tended for external use; usually applied by gentle friction 
 with the hand. 
 
 Linimenttjm Album. Rectified oil of turpentine gij, solution of 
 ammonia ^ij, soap liniment ^iij, spirit of rosemary %} ; mix in 
 the above order, and gradually add distilled vinegar ^viij, con- 
 stantly agitating it. 
 
 Use. For chapped hands. 
 
 Linimenttjm Albuminis. (Dr. Christison.) Equal parts of 
 white of eggs, and rectified spirit, agitated together. 
 
 Use. In excoriation from pressure. 
 
 Linimenttjm Ammonite. U. S., L., E. y D. Volatile Liniment. 
 Solution of ammonia f^j, [fjij, JD.,~\ olive oil f^ij j mix. 
 
 Use. A mild rubefacient to the throat and chest, especially of 
 children, in catarrh or bronchitis. 
 
 Linimenttjm Ammonite Compositum. D. (Dr. Granville's 
 counter irritants.) Strong solution of ammonia of sp. gr. -880 
 f^v, tincture of camphor f^ij, spirit of rosemary f^j ; mix. 
 
 Used to produce a speedy rubefacient effect. 
 
 Linimenttjm Anodynum. D. See Linimentum Opii. 
 
 Linimenttjm Belladonna. (Biett.) Extract of belladonna 
 3ij, lime-water ^viij, oil of almonds ^iv. — Rangue. Extract. 
 Belladonnse 9ij, cherry-laurel water ^ij, sulphuric ether 31J ; 
 mix. 
 
 Use. In eczema, &c. 
 
130 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Linimentum Belladonna Compositum. (Guy's H.) Extract 
 
 of belladonna %}, soap liniment fjviij ; mix. 
 Use. As a local anodyne, in neuralgia, sprains, &c. 
 Linimentum Calcis. U. S. } £., D. Mix together equal quan- 
 tities of lime-water and linseed oil. 
 Used for burns. 
 Linimentum Calcis Opiatum. (Germ. H.) Lime-water 3iij, 
 
 oil of almonds 3iij, extract of opium gr. j. 
 Use. For sore nipples. 
 Linimentum Camphors. U. S., L., E. [Oleum Canrphoratum, 
 
 D.~\ Camphor %], olive oil f^iv; dissolve. 
 Use. In rheumatism and gout ; it is the mildest of the campho- 
 rated liniments. 
 Linimentum Camphors Compositum. L., D. Solution of 
 
 ammonia f^vijss, spirit of lavender Oj ; mix, and distil Oj ; 
 
 then dissolve in it camphor ^ijss. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and anodyne. 
 Use. In sprains and bruises, chronic rheumatism, and indolent 
 
 swellings. 
 Linimentum Cantharidis. U. S. Powdered cantharides gj, 
 
 oil of turpentine f^viij ; digest for 3 hours in a water-bath, and 
 
 strain. 
 Med. Prop. Powerfully epispastic. 
 Use. In very prostrate states of the system. 
 Linimentum Capsici. (Dr. Copland.) Compound camphor 
 
 liniment f^j, volatile liniment f^j, tincture of capsicum fjiij ; 
 
 mix. 
 Use. As the last. 
 Linimentum Chlorinatum. (Kopp.) Solution of chloride of 
 
 lime 3vj, olive oil gjss. 
 Used in inveterate itch, &c. 
 Linimentum Crotonis. (Pereira.) One part of croton oil to 
 
 5 of olive oil. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A convenient mode of applying croton oil 
 
 to the skin. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 131 
 
 Linimentum Digitalis. (Dr. Eoyle.) Infusion of digitalis 
 fgij, water of ammonia fjij, oil of poppy-seed fjiv. To be 
 rubbed on the abdomen 3 or 4 times a day, to procure the con- 
 stitutional effect of digitalis. 
 
 Linimentum Hydrargyri Compositum. L. Camphor ^j ; 
 rectified spirit fjj J rub together, and add strong mercurial oint- 
 ment and lard, each, ^iv, solution of ammonia f^iv ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, resolvent, and absorbent. 
 
 Use. To glandular swellings, and chronic tumours. 
 
 Linimentum Iodinii. (Dr. Manson.) Liniment of opium fgj, 
 tincture of iodine fjj ; mix. 
 
 Use. As an anodyne resolvent, in painful scrofulous swellings. 
 
 Linimentum Opii. L., E. [Linimentum Saponis cum Opio, 
 vel Liniment. Anodynum, D.~] Soap liniment f^vj, tincture 
 of opium f^ij ) mix. 
 
 Linimentum Saponis Camphoratum. U. S. [Linimentum 
 Saponis Compositum, L., D.~\ Opodeldoc. Common white 
 soap ^iij, digest with alcohol Oj, by means of a sand-bath, till 
 dissolved; then add camphor ^j, oil of rosemary and oil of 
 origanum, each, fjj ; dissolve. 
 
 Med. Prop. A very good anodyne liniment for sprains, bruises, 
 and rheumatic pains. 
 
 Linimentum Simplex. E. Olive oil fgiv, white wax gj; melt 
 together. 
 
 Use. As a protective to the skin, in cold weather. 
 
 Linimentum Sulphuris cum Sapone. (Lugol.) Soap ^iij, 
 water jfvj ; dissolve by a gentle heat, and add sulphur ^iij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Unguentum Sulphuris. 
 
 Linimentum Sulphuris Iodidi. (E. Wilson.) Iodide of sul- 
 phur 3ss, ^olive oil ^j ; triturate together. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Unguentum Sulphuris Iodidi. 
 
 Linimentum Terebinthin^e. U S., L., D. [Linimentum 
 Terebinthinatum, E.~\ Oil of turpentine Oss, resin cerate, 
 melted, R)j ; mix. (Dr. Kentish's application to burns.') 
 
132 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Linimentum Yeratri^e. (Brande.) Yeratria gr. viij, alco- 
 hol fjiv, soap liniment fjiv; mix. 
 Use. As an application in neuralgia. 
 Linum. U S. [Lini Semina, L. ; Lini Farina, E. ; Linum Usita- 
 
 tissimum, Z>.] Flaxseed. The seeds (meal of the seeds, E.) 
 
 of Linum usitatissimum. 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, emollient. 
 Use. For internal use ; — see Infusum Lini. The ground seeds are 
 
 much employed for making an emollient poultice, by simply 
 
 mixing with boiling water. 
 Liquor Acidi Citrici. Artificial lemon-juice. Citric acid 3ixss, 
 
 oil of lemons 4 or 5 drops; rub together, and dissolve in f^xvj 
 
 of water. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Succus Limonum. 
 
 Liquor Ammonije. U. S., L. [Ammonise Aqua, E. ; Ammonise 
 Causticae Aqua, D.~\ Solution of Ammonia. Sal-ammoniac, in 
 powder, ibj, lime Ibj ; slake the lime in fjix of water, and mix 
 with it the sal-ammoniac. Introduce it into a glass retort fitted 
 to a receiver containing Oj of distilled water. Distil, by means 
 of a sand-bath, till ammonia ceases to come over. Add to every 
 f^ of the distilled liquor f^iijss of distilled water, or so much 
 as may be requisite to raise the sp. gr. to 0*96. [It may also 
 be made by mixing 1 part of the stronger solution of ammonia 
 with 2 parts of distilled water.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and antacid, internally j — externally, rube- 
 facient. 
 
 Use. Internally, in heartburn and sick headache j — externally, as 
 Linimentum Ammonise. 
 
 Liquor Ammonite Fortior. Pass gaseous ammonia (from 
 slaked lime and sal-ammoniac) into water kept very cold, till 
 the sp. gr. of the solution is -882. 
 
 Use. Only externally to form very strong rubefacient and vesi- 
 cating lotions and liniments. 
 
 Liquor Ammonite Acetatis. U. S., L. [Ammonias Acetatis 
 Aqua, E., D.~\ Spirit of Minder 'erus. Add carbonate (ses- 
 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 133 
 
 quicarbonate) of ammonia to dilute acetic acid, until it is satu- 
 rated. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diaphoretic, diuretic; externally, discutient. 
 
 Use. In fevers and inflammatory disorders; externally, in sprains, 
 bruises, and porrigo of scalp. 
 
 Liquor Anodynus Hoffmani. See Spiritus JEtheris Sulphu- 
 rici Compositus. 
 
 Liquor Arsenic alis. See Liquor Potassse Arsenitis. 
 
 Liquor Arseniatis Sod^e. Pearson's Arsenical Solution. 
 Arseniate of soda gr. iv, distilled water f^iv. — Dose, irgxij to 
 ttjjxxx, in the day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Liquor Potassae Arsenitis. 
 
 Liquor Arsenici et Hydrargyri Hydriodatis. Donovan's 
 Solution. Triturate 6-08 grains of metallic arsenic, 15*38 
 grains of mercury, and 50 grains of iodine, with fjj, of alcohol, 
 till dry; mix the powder with f^viij of distilled water; put 
 them into a flask with Jss f hydriodic acid (prepared by the 
 acidification of gr. ij of iodine), and boil for a few minutes. 
 When cold, add water to make up the mixture exactly f^viij. — 
 Dose, 5 to 20 drops 3 times a day. 
 
 Use. In chronic cutaneous diseases, chronic rheumatism, and 
 syphilitic nodes. 
 
 Liquor Calcis. U. S., L. [Aqua Calcis, P., Z>.] Lime-water. 
 Pour Cong, j of distilled water on ^iv of freshly slaked lime; 
 stir them together, and immediately cover the vessel, and set 
 it aside for 3 hours. Keep the solution, together with the un- 
 dissolved lime, in closely-stopped bottles, and pour off when 
 wanted for use. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, astringent, and tonic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia and diarrhoea with acidity; combined with 
 milk, in nausea and vomiting ; and where there is excess of 
 lithic acid. 
 
 Liquor Cupri Sulphatis Compositus. Aqua Styptica. Sul- 
 phate of copper ^iij, alum ^ij, sulphuric acid ^ij, water f^xxiv. 
 
 Use. As an external application in hemorrhages. 
 
 12 
 
134 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Liquor Disinfectans. The solutions of chloride (hypochlorite) 
 of lime and chloride (hypochlorite) of soda are so named. The 
 name has also been applied to other disinfecting solutions. 
 
 Liquor Ferri Iodidi. W. S. [Ferri Iodidi Syrupus, E.~\ Mix 
 gij of iodine with f^x of distilled water, in a porcelain or glass 
 vessel, and add ^ j of iron filings, stirring constantly. Heat the 
 mixture gently till it acquires a greenish tint; then add fjjv of 
 prepared honey, continue the heat for a short time, and filter. 
 Lastly, pour distilled water on the filter until enough has passed 
 to make up the whole f^xx. — Dose, gtt. xx to xxx. 
 
 Use. See Ferri Iodidum ; — an excellent form for administration. 
 
 Liquor Fowleri. See Liquor Potassag Arsenitis. 
 
 Liquor Hydrargyri Bichloride Van Swieten's Liquor. 
 Bichloride of mercury gr. x, sal ammoniac gr. x, distilled water 
 Oj ) dissolve. It contains 1 gr. of sublimate in f^ij. — Dose, 
 f3ss to fgij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative. 
 
 Use. In secondary syphilis, and chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Liquor Iodini Compositus. U. S. [Iodinei Liquor Compositus, 
 E. ; Liquor Potassii Iodidi Compositus, L.~\ Iodine 3yj> iodide 
 of potassium ^jss; dissolve them in Oj of distilled water. [This 
 corresponds in strength with LugoVs Concentrated Solution of 
 Iodine.~] — Dose, 6 drops 3 times a day. (The preparations of 
 the L. and E. Phars. are much weaker.) 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A very good form of administering iodine, 
 in scrofula, &c. 
 
 Liquor Magnesia Carbonatis. Murray's or Dinneford's 
 Liquid Magnesia is prepared by passing carbonic acid gas into 
 a reservoir containing carbonate of magnesia suspended in water. 
 (They contain about 9 grains in the fluid ounce.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, and antacid. 
 
 Liquor Magnesia Citratis. See Haustus Magnesias Citratis. 
 Liquor Morphia Sulphatis. U. S. A solution containing 
 
 gr. j of sulphate of morphia to f^ j of water. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A convenient form of administering 
 morphia. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 135 
 
 Liquor Opii Sedativus. (Battley's.) Macerate opium in 
 distilled water for a long time, at a moderate temperature, and 
 add a little spirit to the filtered solution. [Dr. Christison 
 states that irj7xx of the solution is equal to rr^xxx of laudanum.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As laudanum, over which it has no ad- 
 vantage. 
 
 Liquor Picis. See Aqua Picis Liquids. 
 
 Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis. U. S. [Liquor Plumbi Diace- 
 tatis, L. ; Plumbi Diacetatis Solutio, E.~] Goidard's Extract 
 of Lead. Acetate of lead ^xvj, semivitrified oxide of lead 
 (litharge), powdered finely, ^ixss, distilled water Oiv; boil 
 together in a glass or porcelain vessel for half an hour, occa- 
 sionally adding distilled water to preserve the measure ) filter 
 through paper, and preserve in closely-stopped bottles. 
 
 Med. Prop. Externally, cooling, astringent, and sedative. 
 
 Use. Diluted, to sprains, bruises, excoriations, burns, and irri- 
 table ulcers. 
 
 Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis Dilutus. U. S. [Liquor Plumbi 
 Diacetatis Dilutus, L. ; Plumbi Subacetatis Liquor Compositus, 
 D.~\ Lead-water. Mix fjij of the preceding with Oj of dis- 
 tilled water. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as the preceding. 
 
 Liquor Potass^e. U. S., L. [Aqua Potassse, E. ; Aqua Po- 
 tassae Causticse, D.~\ Take of carbonate of potassa Ibj, lime Ibss, 
 boiling distilled water Cong. j. Dissolve the carbonate of po- 
 tassa in Cong, ss of the water ; pour a little of the water on the 
 lime, and when slaked, add the remainder. Mix the hot liquors, 
 and boil for 10 minutes, stirring constantly; set the mixture 
 aside, in a covered vessel, until it becomes clear. Lastly, pour 
 off the supernatant liquor, and preserve it in well-stopped 
 bottles. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, diuretic, and antilithic. 
 
 Use. In some forms of dyspepsia, in the lithic acid diathesis, in 
 lepra, and psoriasis. 
 
 Liquor Potasses Arsenitis. U. S., L. [Liquor Arsenicalis, 
 E.j Z>.] Fowler's Solution of Arsenic. Boil together 64 grs. 
 
136 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 of arsenious acid and pure carbonate of potassa, each, in f^xij 
 of distilled water, till the acid is entirely dissolved. When 
 cold, add compound spirit of lavender f^ss, and distilled water 
 q. s. to make up the measure of 1 pint. [Each fj contains gr. ss 
 of arsenious acid.] — Dose, 10 drops, 3 times a day, after eating. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, in minute doses; antiperiodic, and alterative. 
 
 Use. In obstinate intermittent fever, periodical headache; in 
 chronic skin diseases, especially those of a scaly character. 
 
 Liquor Potasses Carbonatis. U 8., L. [Potassae Carbonatis 
 Aqua, D.~\ Dissolve ft>j of carbonate of potassa in f^xij of 
 water; filter. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Carbonate of Potassa. 
 
 Liquor Potassae Chlorinate. Eau de Javelle. Dissolve 1 
 part of subcarbonate of potassa in 8 or 10 parts of water, and 
 pass chlorine gas through it, until fully saturated. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Much the same as Liquor Sodse Chlorinate. 
 
 Liquor Potasse Citratis. U. S. Neutral Mixture. Saline 
 Mixture. Fresh lemon juice Oss; add carbonate of potassa q. s. 
 to saturate; filter. Or, citric acid Sfss, oil of lemons TTjjij ; rub 
 together, and then dissolve in water Oss ; then add carbonate of 
 potassa q. s. to completely saturate, and filter. — Dose, f^ss. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. An excellent diaphoretic, in febrile and inflammatory dis- 
 eases. 
 
 Liquor Potasse Effervescens. L. [Potassae Aqua Efier- 
 vescens, E.~\ Aerated Potash Water. Dissolve £j of bicarbonate 
 of potash in Oj of distilled water, and pass into it, by pressure, 
 carbonic acid, more than sufficient for saturation. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An agreeable form of administering bicar- 
 bonate of potash. 
 
 Liquor Sode Chlorinate. U $., L. Labarraque's Disin- 
 fecting Liquid. Dissolve Ibij of carbonate of soda in Oiij of 
 water, with the aid of heat. Add chlorinated lime, well tritu- 
 rated, ibj, to water Oix; when the dregs have subsided, decant 
 the clear liquor, and mix it with the solution of carbonate of 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 137 
 
 soda. Lastly, decant the clear liquor from the precipitated car- 
 bonate of lime, strain it through a linen cloth, and preserve in 
 bottles from the light. [L. directs chlorine gas (prepared at 
 the time by the addition of sulphuric acid to chloride of sodium 
 and peroxide of manganese), through a solution of carbonate of 
 soda.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, antiseptic. 
 
 Use. In low forms of disease; chiefly externally, as a gargle, 
 when properly diluted, in sloughing of the throat ; also as a dis- 
 infectant. 
 
 Liquor Soixaj Effervescens. L. [Sodse Aqua Effervescens, 
 E.~\ Sesquicarbonate of soda 3j, distilled water Oj ; dissolve, 
 and force by pressure an excess of carbonic acid into the solution. 
 [Or, extemporaneously, by putting Jss f sesquicarbonate of 
 soda into a bottle of carbonic acid water.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An agreeable mode of administering car- 
 bonate of soda. 
 
 Liriodendron. U. S. {Sec.) Tulip-tree Bark. The bark of 
 Liriodendron tulipifera. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, tonic, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. Has been employed as a substitute for Peruvian bark. 
 
 Lobelia. U. S., L., E. The herb Lobelia inflata. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emetic, narcotic, sedative. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in spasmodic asthma. 
 
 Lobelina. The active alkaline narcotic principle of Lobelia. It 
 
 strongly resembles nicotina, the active principle of tobacco. 
 Not used medicinally. 
 
 Lotio Aceti. One part of vinegar with 3 of water, is a common 
 preparation for sponging the skin, in the hot stage of fevers. 
 
 Lotio Alkalina. P. Subcarbonate of potash ^ij, water (or 
 rose-water) Oij. 
 
 Use. As a wash in cutaneous diseases ; — it may be used stronger. 
 
 Lotio Alkalina Amygdalina. (Dr. A. T. Thomson.) Solu- 
 tion of potash f3iv, emulsion of bitter almonds f^vss. 
 
 12* 
 
138 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Use. To remove the scurf in porrigo furfur arts; afterwards ap- 
 plied twice a day, diluted with warm water. 
 
 Lotio ad Alopeciam. (Dr. Landerer.) Bay leaves gij, 
 cloves Jij, spirit of lavender ^iv, spirit of origanum ^iv. Digest 
 for 6 days, strain, and add sulphuric ether 3jss. 
 
 Use. Applied by friction, to prevent the hair falling off. [Mr. E. 
 Wilson prescribes eau de Cologne fjij, tincture of cantharides 
 fjfss, oil of nutmeg f£ss, oil of lavender n^x.] 
 
 Lotio Ammonite Hydrochloratis Spirituosa. Sal ammo- 
 niac ^j, distilled vinegar f^ij, rectified spirit f^ij, water f^xyj. 
 
 Use. For contusions, chronic tumours, &c. 
 
 Lotio Ammoniata Fortior. Granville's Stronger Counter- 
 irritant. Strongest solution of ammonia fjx, spirit of rose- 
 mary f =§ss, spirit of camphor fjij ; mix. 
 
 Lotio Ammoniata Mitior. Granville's Weaker Counter- 
 irritant. Strongest solution of ammonia f^j, spirit of rosemary 
 fjvj, spirit of camphor fjij ; mix. 
 
 [The above preparations produce prompt vesication, if linen or 
 flannel, several folds thick, be impregnated with them, and then 
 pressed upon the surface for a very few minutes.] 
 
 Lotio Antiphlogistica. (Copland.) Liquid diacetate of 
 lead (Goulard's Extract), Jvj, solution of acetate of am- 
 monia ^iv, distilled water Oij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Sedative, cooling, and resolvent ; in bruises, 
 painful tumours, and swellings. 
 
 Lotio Arnicje. Either the infusion of arnica flowers may be 
 used ; or the tincture, in the proportion of 10 to 30 drops to f^ j 
 of water. 
 
 Use. In bruises, contusions, &c. 
 
 Lotio Boracis. Borax 3ss, rose-water Oj ; or borax 3j, water 
 
 giij, rectified spirit gss. (Sir A. Cooper.) 
 Use. As a wash in chronic scaly diseases of the skin, also in 
 
 aphthous ulcerations of the mouth of children. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 139 
 
 Lotio Boracis Acida. (Dr. Abercrombie.) Borax 3j, dis- 
 tilled vinegar f^ij. 
 
 Use. In ringworm of the scalp. 
 
 Lotio Boracis cum Morphia. (Dr. C. D. Meigs.) Borax ^ss, 
 sulphate of morphia gr. vj, rose-water f^viij. 
 
 Use. In pruritus vulvae. 
 
 Lotio Chlorinata. Liquid chlorinated soda %j, water ^x to 
 | xv. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Liquor Sodse Chlorinatas. 
 
 Lotio Evaporans. (Copland.) Ether fg jss, solution of ace- 
 tate of ammonia f^jss, rectified spirit f^ jss, rose-water f^iijss. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant. 
 
 Use. In external inflammations, &c. 
 
 Lotio Ferri Sulphatis. (Yelpeau.) Sulphate of iron 3j> 
 water Oj. 
 
 Use. In erysipelas. 
 
 Lotio G-lycerini. (Mr. Startin.) Glycerine ^ss, water Oss. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient ) by some supposed to exert a specific in- 
 fluence. 
 
 Use. In certain skin diseases, as eczema and lichen; also to the 
 meatus externus in deafness depending on a want of secretion 
 of cerumen. 
 
 Lotio Hydrargyri Cinerea. Black Wash. Calomel 3ijss, 
 
 lime-water Oj ; shake together. 
 Use. As a dressing to chancres, and other venereal ulcers. 
 
 Lotio Hydrargyri Flava. Yellow Wash. Corrosive sublimate 
 
 gr. xxv, lime-water Oj ; rub together. 
 Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Lotio Myrrhs. (Dr. Kirkland.) Tincture of myrrh |ij, 
 
 lime-water ^ij. 
 Use. To fungous growths. 
 Lotio Nigra. See Lotio Hydrarg. Cinerea. 
 Lotio Plumbi Diacetatis. See Liquor Plumb. Subacetat. 
 
 Dilutus. 
 
140 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Lotio Sobje Chlorinate. Solution of chlorinated soda ^jss, 
 water f^xij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Liquor Sodae Chlorinatae. 
 
 Lupxjlina. Lupulin is the orange-yellow powder procured by 
 rubbing and sifting the dried hops. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. It possesses all the tonic and narcotic pro- 
 perties of hops, for which it is advantageously substituted; 
 also antaphrodisiac. 
 
 Lycopus. U. S. (Sec.) Bugle-weed. The herb of Lycopus Vir- 
 ginicus. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild narcotic, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. To quiet coughs. 
 
 Magnesia. U S., L., P., D. Magnesia Usta. Calcined Mag- 
 nesia. Calcine carbonate of magnesia at a red heat for 2 hours, 
 or till the carbonic acid is expelled. [By trituration it becomes 
 heavier.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, and laxative. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia with acidity, diarrhoea of children, gout, and 
 lithiasis. 
 
 Magnesia Carbonas. U S.,L., E. y D. Magnesia Alba. Pre- 
 pared by decomposing sulphate of magnesia by carbonate of soda. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the preceding. 
 
 Magnesia Carbonas Ponderosa. (Dr. Pereira.) Heavy 
 Magnesia. Add 1 volume of a cold saturated solution of car- 
 bonate of soda to a boiling mixture of 1 volume of a saturated 
 solution of sulphate of magnesia, and 3 volumes of water. Boil 
 until effervescence has ceased, constantly stirring with a spatula. 
 Then dilute with boiling water, set aside, pour off the superna- 
 tant liquor, and wash the precipitate with hot water on a linen 
 cloth, and dry it by heat in an iron pot. 
 
 Med. Prop. Similar to the preceding. 
 
 Magnesia Citras. See Haustus Magnesiae Citratis. 
 
 Magnesia Phosphas. (Nieumann.) Add to diluted phos- 
 phoric acid pure magnesia, or its carbonate, to saturation; 
 evaporate to dryness. — Dose, 8 to 30 grs., in rickets. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 141 
 
 Magnesia Sulphas. U. £., L., E., D. Epsom Salts. The 
 commercial sulphate, obtained from bittern or from magnesian 
 limestone, is usually sufficiently pure. In the U. S. it is exten- 
 sively manufactured from a native niagnesite, a silicious hydrate 
 of magnesia. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, and refrigerant. 
 
 Use. In fevers and inflammatory disorders generally. 
 
 Magnolia. U. S. (Sec.) The bark of Magnolia glauca, M. 
 acuminata, and M. tripetala. 
 
 Med. Prop. G-ently stimulant, tonic, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, typhoid remittents, and gastric de- 
 bility. 
 
 Malva. L., E. Common Mallow. (Malva sylvestris.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient. 
 
 Use. Much the same as Linum. 
 
 Manna. U. S., L., E., D. The concrete juice of Ornus Euro- 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild laxative ; apt to gripe. 
 
 Use. As a purgative for children; but chiefly as an adjunct to 
 
 other cathartics. 
 Mannita. Mannite is procured by boiling manna in alcohol, 
 
 allowing the solution to cool, and redissolving the crystalline 
 
 precipitate. It is the purgative principle of manna. — Dose, 
 
 half that of manna. 
 
 Maranta. U. S.,L., E. Arrow-root. The fecula of the rhizoma 
 
 of Maranta arundinacea. 
 Med. Prop Nutritious, and demulcent. 
 Use. Mixed with boiling water, or milk, it forms an excellent diet 
 
 for infants and convalescents. 
 Marmor. U. S., L. E. [Marmor Album, D.] "White granular 
 
 carbonate of lime, or pure marble. 
 Use. To procure carbonic acid gas. 
 Marrubium. U. S. (Sec), L. Horehound. The herb of Mar- 
 
 rubium vulgare. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic ; diaphoretic in hot infusion. 
 Use. In debility of the digestive organs, and in catarrhs. 
 
142 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Mastiche. L., E., D. The concrete resinous exudation of Pis- 
 
 tachia Lentiseus. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant ; not used internally. 
 
 Matricaria. U. S. (Sec.) German Chamomile. The flower 
 
 of Matricaria Chamomilla. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of Anthemis. 
 Mel. U. S., L., E., D. Honey is a liquid prepared from flowers 
 
 by the bee (Apis mellifica). 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and laxative. 
 Use. As a vehicle for other medicines. 
 Mel Despumatum. U. S., D. Clarified Honey. Melt any 
 
 quantity of honey by means of a water-bath, removing the 
 
 scum. 
 Mel Pr^eparatum. U. S. Clarified honey Oss, diluted alcohol 
 
 Oj, prepared chalk ^ss. Mix the honey and alcohol together, 
 
 add the chalk, and let it stand for 2 hours, occasionally stirring 
 
 it ; then heat to ebullition, filter, and evaporate, by means of 
 
 a water-bath, till its density is 1-32, when cold. 
 Use. Only in pharmacy, in the preparation of the protosalts of 
 
 iron. 
 
 Mellita. Preparations loith Honey. 
 
 Mellitum Simplex. P. White honey Ibvj, water Ibij ; dissolve 
 
 by heat, skim, and, when the boiling solution attains a density 
 
 of 1-261, strain through flannel. 
 
 Mel Boracis. L., E., D. Powdered borax 3j, clarified honey 
 I]) mix. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A very common and excellent mode of 
 applying borax to the aphthous mouths of children ; also to the 
 throat. 
 
 Mel SciLLiE Compositum. Coxe's Hive Syrup. — Syrupus Scillae 
 Compositus is now substituted for it. 
 
 Mel Ros^e. U. S., L., E., D. Red roses ^ij, boiling water 
 Ojss; macerate for 2 hours, and strain; then add clarified honey 
 Oij, and evaporate by means of a water-bath to a proper con- 
 sistence. 
 
 Med. Prop. Slightly astringent. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 143 
 
 Use. A pleasant ingredient to gargles. 
 
 Melissa. U. S. (Sec), E., D. Balm. The leaves of Melissa 
 officinalis. 
 
 Med. Prop. A very mild diaphoretic, if taken in warm infusion. 
 
 Mentha Piperita. U. S.,L.,E., D. Peppermint. The herb 
 of Mentha piperita. 
 
 Med. Prop. A grateful aromatic stimulant. 
 
 Use. In nausea, mild colic, flatulence ; and externally, to the epi- 
 gastrium, in cholera infantum. 
 
 Mentha Pulegium. L., D. European Pennyroyal. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Mentha Virldis. U S., L.,E., D. Spearmint. The herb of 
 Mentha viridis. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Mentha piperita. 
 
 Menyanthes. L.j E. BucJcbean. Leaves of Menyanthes trifo- 
 
 liata. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and in large doses emeto-cathartic. 
 Use. In intermittents, chronic rheumatism, and general debility. 
 
 Not much employed in U. S. 
 
 Mezeretjm. U. S.j L. [Mezereon, E., D.~] Mezereon. The 
 bark of Daphne Mezereum, and of Daphne G-nidium. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diaphoretic, diuretic, and cathartic; ex- 
 ternally, epispastic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in chronic rheumatism and syphilis ; also as a siala- 
 gogue. 
 
 Mistur^e. The term mixtures, in strict pharmaceutical language, 
 is applied to preparations in which insoluble substances, whether 
 solid or liquid, are suspended in watery fluids by the interven- 
 tion of gums, sugar, yelk of eggs, or other viscid matter. The 
 term emidsion is applied where the suspended substance is of 
 an oleaginous nature. Some of the pharmacopoeias also include 
 juleps, mucilages, potions, &c. 
 
 Mistura Acacia. L. See Mucilago Acacias. 
 
 Mistura Acacia. E. See Emulsio Acacias. 
 
144 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Mistura Acidi Nitrosi. Hope's Acid Mixture. Nitrous acid 
 f5J, tincture of opium gtt. xl, camphor water f^viij ; mix. — 
 Dose, one-fourth every 3 or 4 hours. 
 
 Use. In dysentery, diarrhoea, and cholera. 
 
 Mistura Altjminis. (Dr. G-. Bird.) Alum gr. xxv, extract of 
 conium gr. xij, syrup of red poppies fjij, dill- water f^iij. — 
 Dose, a dessert-spoonful every 6 hours. 
 
 Use. In hooping-cough, — with asserted great efficacy. 
 
 Mistura Ammoniaci. U. £., L., D. Ammoniac ^ij, water Oss ; 
 rub them together, gradually added, until thoroughly mixed. 
 
 Use. A convenient method of administering ammoniac, as a sti- 
 mulant expectorant. 
 
 Mistura Amygdala. U. S., L. [Mistura Amygdalarum, E. 9 
 D.~] Sweet almonds, blanched, gss, powdered gum Arabic Jss, 
 sugar £ij ; beat them together in a marble mortar till thoroughly 
 mixed, then rub the mixture with distilled water f^viij, gra- 
 dually added, and strain. [The same formula will answer for 
 an emulsion of bitter almonds.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and emollient. 
 
 Use. As the demulcent drinks generally. 
 
 Mistura Antihysterica. (Dr. Paris.) Assafcetida 5j, pep- 
 permint water f^jss, ammoniated tincture of valerian fjij, tinc- 
 ture of castor f^iij, e *ber f3J. — Dose, a tablespoonful every 2 
 hours. 
 
 Use. In-hysteria. 
 
 Mistura Assafcetida. U. &., L., D. Lac Assafcetidse. Assa- 
 fcetida Jij, water Oss; rub the gum with the water, gradually 
 added, until thoroughly mixed. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antispasmodic, expectorant, laxative, stimulant, and 
 carminative. 
 
 Use. A good form for obtaining the prompt effects of assafcetida; 
 to children, in convulsions. 
 
 Mistura Astringens. (Pradel.) Tannin gr. xij, syrup of 
 rhatany ^j, mucilage gj, camphor mixture ^iv; mix. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 145 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and slightly anodyne. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea, chronic dysentery, and passive hemorrhages. 
 
 Mistura Camphors. L. Camphor Julep. Camphor Jss, 
 
 rectified spirit n^x; rub together, gradually adding Oj of water, 
 
 and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Those of Camphor. 
 Use. In low fevers, nervous derangements, &c. 
 
 Misttjra Camphors cum Magnesia. E., D. Camphor gr. x, 
 carbonate of magnesia gr. xxv, water f^vj ; mix. See Aqua 
 Camphorse. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, laxative, and antacid. 
 
 Use. Much the same as the preceding. 
 
 Mistura Carminativa Infantilis. Daily's Carminative. 
 Carbonate of magnesia 9ij, oil of peppermint ^ j, oil of nutmeg 
 rrgij, oil of aniseed n^iij, tincture of castor trgxxx, tincture of 
 assafcetida i^xv, tincture of opium xc^ v, spirit of pennyroyal 
 irgxv, compound tincture of cardamom n^xxx, peppermint water 
 f^ij. (Dr. Paris.) 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant, carminative, anodyne, and antacid. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in infantile colics. 
 
 Mistura Carminativa Antacid a. (Dr. Paris.) Magnesia 
 Jss, peppermint water f3ijss, compound spirit of lavender fjss, 
 spirit of caraway f3iv, syrup of ginger fjij ; mix. See Mis- 
 turas Catharticae. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, antacid, and carminative. 
 
 Mistura Cascarills Composita. L. Infusion of cascarilla 
 f^xvij, vinegar of squills f^j, compound tincture of camphor 
 f^ij ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, expectorant, and anodyne. 
 
 Use. In chronic bronchial affections. 
 
 Mistura Cathartica. See Mistura Sennae. 
 
 Mistura Cathartics. Cathartic Mixtures. The following are 
 among the most approved : 
 
 Mixture of Assafcetida, Carhonate of Magnesia, &c. Dewees' 
 
 13 
 
146 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Carminative. Carbonate of magnesia Jss, tincture of assafcetida 
 gtt. lx, tincture of opium gtt. xx, white sugar Jj, distilled water 
 f^j ; mix. — Dose, 25 drops for an infant. 
 
 Use. In flatulent colic, &c, of infants. 
 
 Dr. Meigs's Mixture. Carbonate of magnesia Jss, sulphate of 
 magnesia 3iij? aromatic spirit of ammonia f3j, tincture of rhu- 
 barb f^fss, tincture of hyoscyanius f3ss, mint-water f^iv; mix. 
 — Dose, a large tablespoonful, 2 or 3 times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop. An anodyne, cordial cathartic. 
 
 Use. In colic, flatulence, &c. 
 
 Mixture of Castor Oil and Turpentine. Castor oil f^jss, oil of 
 turpentine fg ss ; to be rubbed up with the yelk of an egg, and 
 3ij of sugar; then add mint-water f^iv; mix. — Dose, a table- 
 spoonful every 2 hours. 
 
 Med. Prop. A prompt cathartic and anthelmintic; also car- 
 minative. 
 
 Use. In flatulence, and tympanitis ; also to expel worms. 
 
 Mixture of Croton Oil. Croton oil gtt. j— iij, mucilage of gum 
 Arabic, distilled water, of each, f^j ; mix. — Dose, a teaspoonful 
 every 2 hours, till it operates on the bowels. [Another formula 
 is, croton oil gtt. viij, potassa gr. vj, water fjij ; mix. — Dose, 
 3 to 6 drops.] Four drops may also be rubbed around the um- 
 bilicus. 
 
 Mixture of Magnesia and Rhubarb. Magnesia Jss, powdered 
 rhubarb gr. ij, white sugar 3J> essence of peppermint gtt. vj, 
 water f^jss; mix. — Dose, a teaspoonful every 2 hours. 
 
 Use. For young children, in diarrhoea with acidity. [Laudanum 
 may be added.] 
 
 Mixture of Manna, Rhubarb, and Carbonate of Magnesia. (Dr. 
 Wood.) Manna ^j, fennel seed, bruised, 3j, boiling water 
 f^iv; infuse, and strain; then add carbonate of magnesia Jij ; 
 mix. — Dose, one-third every 3 or 4 hours, till it operates. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, antacid, and carminative. 
 
 Use. In flatulence, and pain in the bowels. 
 
 Mistura Colchici. (ScuDAMORE.) Magnesia 3jss, peppermint- 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 147 
 
 water f^iij, vinegar of colchicum fjiv, syrup of orange-peel f3iv. 
 — Dose, a tablespoonful every 3 hours. 
 
 Use. In acute gout ; also in rheumatism. 
 
 Mistura Cret,e. U. S., L., E., D. Chalk Mixture. Prepared 
 chalk ^ss, refined sugar, powdered gum Arabic, each, ^ij; cinna- 
 mon-water, water, each, f^iv; rub them thoroughly together. — 
 Dose, for an adult, f^ss. [Laudanum, or the tincture of rhatany, 
 may often be added with advantage.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, antacid, absorbent, and carminative. 
 
 Use. Much employed in diarrhoeas, and chronic dysenteries. 
 
 Mistura Diuretics. Diuretic Mixtures. The following are 
 among those most employed : 
 
 Mixture of Copaiva. Copaiva, sweet spirits of nitre, of each, f^ss, 
 gum Arabic, sugar, of each, Jj, tincture of opium fjj, compound 
 spirits of lavender fjij, distilled water f^iv; mix. — Dose, a 
 tablespoonful 3 times a day, in gonorrhoea. 
 
 Mixture of Copaiva, Cubebs, &c. Copaiva, powdered cubebs, of 
 each, ^ss, gum Arabic, sugar, of each, Jij, camphorated tincture 
 of opium f^ss, water f^viij ; mix. — Dose, a tablespoonful every 
 3 hours, in chronic gonorrhoea, and gleet. 
 
 Mistura Effervescens. See Haustus Effervescens. 
 
 Mistura Elaterii. (Ferriar.) Elaterium gr. j, spirit of nitric 
 ether f^ij, tincture of squills f^ss, oxymel of colchicum f^ss, 
 syrup of buckthorn f^j ; mix. — Dose, f3j, 3 or 4 times a day, 
 in dropsy. 
 
 Mistura Ferri Composita. U. JS., L., E., D. Myrrh 5j, car- 
 bonate of potassa gr. xxv, rose-water fgvijss, powdered sulphate 
 of iron 9j, spirit of lavender f^ss, refined sugar Jj ; rub the 
 myrrh with the rose-water gradually added ; then mix with these 
 the spirit of lavender, sugar, and carbonate of potassa; and 
 lastly, the sulphate of iron. Pour the mixture immediately 
 into a glass bottle, which is to be well stopped. 
 
 Med. Prop. This preparation was made in imitation of Griffith's 
 Antihectic Mixture ; — it is tonic and chalybeate. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia attended with amenorrhcea or chlorosis ; also 
 in chronic coughs. 
 
148 AMEKICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Mistura Fusca. Brown Mixture. Extract of liquorice, gum 
 
 Arabic, each, Jij, boiling water f^iv ; dissolve, and add antimonial 
 
 wine f5ij, laudanum n^xx. — Dose, a tablespoonful occasionally. 
 Use. In coughs, &c. 
 Mistura G-uaiaci. L., E. G-uaiac 3iij, sugar gss ; rub together; 
 
 then rub with mixture of gum Arabic f^ss, gradually adding 
 
 cinnamon-water f^xix. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As G-uaiacum. 
 Mistura Magnesia. Magnesia ^j, syrup f|j; rub up together, 
 
 and add carbonic acid water f^iv. The whole to be taken at once. 
 Med. Prop. An antacid cathartic. 
 
 Use. As magnesia ; a pleasant method of administering it. 
 Mistura Magnesia Carbonatis et Mannje. Manna § j, bruised 
 
 fennel seed Jj, boiling water f^iv; infuse and strain ; then add 
 
 carbonate of magnesia £ij. — Dose, one-third. 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, and carminative. 
 Use. In constipation with flatulence. 
 
 Mistura Olei Recini. Oleaginous Mixture. Castor oil f^jss, 
 powdered sugar and gum Arabic, each, ^ij? mint-water f^iv. Rub 
 the sugar and gum together, with a little of the mint-water, then 
 add the oil, rubbing intimately ) and lastly, the rest of the mint- 
 water, with ir^xxx of laudanum. — Dose, a tablespoonful, in 
 dysentery and diarrhoea. 
 
 Mistura Salina. See Liquor Potassae Citratis. 
 
 Mistura Scammonii. E. Resin of scammony gr. vij, unskimmed 
 milk f^iij; triturate the resin with a little of the milk, and 
 gradually add the rest. 
 
 Monarda. U. S. Horsemint. The herb of Monarda punctata. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and carminative. 
 
 Use. In infusion, for flatulent colic, and sick stomach. 
 
 Monesia. An astringent extract imported from South America, 
 obtained from Buranhem bark. 
 
 Mora. L. [Morus Nigra, D.~\ Mulberries. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, and laxative. 
 
 Use. In fevers. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 149 
 
 Morphia, or Morphine, U. S., L. Macerate Ibj of sliced opium 
 with distilled water Oiv, for 24 hours, and having worked it 
 with the hand, digest it for 24 hours longer, and strain. In 
 like manner macerate the residue twice successively with distilled 
 water, and strain. Mix the infusions, evaporate to Ovj, and 
 filter. Add alcohol Ov, and then water of ammonia f^iij, pre- 
 viously mixed with Oss of alcohol. After 24 hours, pour on 
 water of ammonia f^iij, mixed with Oss of alcohol, as before; 
 set the liquor aside for 24 hours, that crystals may form. These 
 are purified by boiling in Oij of alcohol until dissolved, filtering 
 the solution, while hot, through animal charcoal, and setting 
 aside to crystallize. [L. decomposes the hydrochlorate of mor- 
 phia by means of ammonia.] 
 
 Med. Prop. The most valuable active principle of opium, all of 
 whose theraupetical applications it is well calculated to meet ; — 
 especially useful in irritable stomach, combined with minute doses 
 of calomel ; also endermically. 
 
 Morphine Acetas. U S., L., E. Morphia (freed from narco- 
 tina by sulphuric ether) ^j, distilled water Oss; mix, and 
 carefully drop in acetic acid to saturation; evaporate to the 
 consistence of syrup, dry with a gentle heat, and reduce to 
 powder. — Dose \ to \ of a grain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. One of the best forms for administering 
 morphia. 
 
 Morphine Hydriodas. (Dr. A. T. Thomson.) Mix strong solu- 
 tions of 2 parts of muriate of morphia and 1 part, or rather 
 more, of iodide of potassium. Wash the precipitate with a little 
 cold water ; press it between folds of blotting paper, re-dissolve 
 in hot water, and crystallize. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of morphia and iodine combined. 
 
 Morphia Hydrochloras. See Morphiae Murias. 
 
 Morphia Murias. U. S., E. [Morphise Hydrochloras, LJ\ Mor- 
 phia, in powder, 3j j ; distilled water Oss ; mix, and carefully 
 add muriatic acid till saturated, constantly stirring. Evaporate 
 
 13* 
 
150 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 by means of a water-bath, crystallize, and dry the crystals on 
 bibulous paper.— Dose $ of a grain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of the acetate. — Not so 
 much used in the U. S. as the sulphate. 
 
 Morphine Muriatis Solutio. E. Muriate of morphia £jss, 
 rectified spirit f^ v, distilled water f^xv. [It is about the strength 
 of laudanum.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Liquor Morphiae Sulphatis. 
 
 Morphine Nitras and Morphia Phosphas may be prepared as 
 Morphiae Murias, by substituting the respective acids. 
 
 Morphia Sulphas. U. S. As Morphiae Murias, by substituting 
 sulphuric acid. — Dose, $ to £• of a grain. 
 
 Use. The salt of morphia most employed in the U. S. 
 
 Morphia Tartras. (Dr. A. T. Thomson.) As Morphia Mu- 
 rias, by substituting tartaric acid. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding preparations of Morphia. 
 
 Moschus. U JS.f L., E., D. Mush is a peculiar concrete sub- 
 stance, obtained from the follicles of Moschus moschiferus. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and antispasmodic; but often inefficient 
 on account of adulterations. 
 
 Use. In singultus, hysteria, gout in the stomach, pertussis, and 
 typhous conditions. 
 
 Moschus Artificialis. See Oleum Succini Oxydatum. 
 
 Moxa. The Chinese moxa are made from the downy leaves of a 
 species of Artemisia. Various substitutes are used, composed 
 of some light, porous, inflammable substance which burns slowly, 
 as the pith of the sunflower, cotton cloth soaked in a solution of 
 nitrate, chromate, or chlorate of potassa, rolled up into cylinders, 
 and cut into pieces of proper length. [Dr. Osborne employs 
 quicklime moistened with water.] 
 
 Use. As a powerful counter-irritant, when a deep and permanent 
 action is required, as in chronic neuralgia and paralysis, to be 
 applied over the origin of the nerves ', also in incipient caries of 
 the spine. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 151 
 
 Mttcuna. U. S. (Sec.) [Dolichos Pruriens, D.~] Cowhage. 
 The bristles of the pods of Mucuna pruriens. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic j acting by their mechanical irritation. 
 
 Use. To dislodge lumbrici. 
 
 Mucilage. The term mucilage is used by the U. S. Phar. to 
 mean an aqueous solution of gum, or of substances closely ana- 
 logous to it. The British Phars. use it in a more extended 
 sense. 
 
 Mucilago Acacias. U. S. [Mucilago, E. ; Mucilago G-ummi 
 Arabici, D. ; Mistura Acacise, L.~\ Powdered gum Arabic §iv, 
 boiling water Oss ; add them gradually together, rubbing till a 
 mucilage is formed. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in pharmacy, from its viscid nature, to form pills 
 and mixtures ; also an excellent demulcent ingredient in cough 
 mixtures. 
 
 Mucilago Althe^e. P. Althea root gj, boiling water gvj ; 
 
 digest for 6 hours, and strain. 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and emollient. 
 Use. An excellent adjuvant to gargles for inflamed throat. 
 
 Mucilago Amyli. P., D. [Decoctum Amyli, L.'] Starch £iv, 
 water Oj ; rub them gradually together, and boil for a short 
 time. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an enema, in irritations or inflammations of the 
 rectum or colon. 
 
 Mucilago GtLYCYrrhiz^. From liquorice-root, as Mucilago 
 
 Altheae. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to those of Mucilago Althese. 
 
 Mucilago Lini. P. Linseed ^j, boiling water ^vj; digest 
 
 for 6 hours, and strain. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Mucilago Altheae. 
 
 Mucilago Sassafras. Pith of sassafras 3j, water f^xvj ; boil 
 and strain. 
 
152 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and emollient. 
 
 Use. A very pleasant application to inflamed eyes and skin ; also 
 as a drink in catarrhs, nephritis, and dysentery. 
 
 Mucilago Tr ag acanthi. U. S., E. [Mucilago G-ummi Tra- 
 gacanthse, D.] G-um tragacanth %], boiling water Oj ; mace- 
 rate for 24 hours, then triturate it, and forcibly strain it through 
 linen. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly for making troches and pills. 
 
 Mtristica. U. S.j L., E. [Nux Moschata, D.~\ Nutmeg. The 
 kernels of the fruit of Myristica moschata. 
 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic, and narcotic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly for imparting flavour. 
 
 Myristica Adeps. E. Concrete Oil of Nutmeg. Obtained by 
 expression. 
 
 Use. As a gentle external stimulant j rarely employed. 
 
 Macis. D. Mace is the membrane which surrounds the fruit of 
 Myristica Moschata. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Nutmeg. 
 
 Myroxylon. U. S. [Balsamum Peruvianum, L., E. ; Myroxy- 
 lum Peruvianum, D.~\ Balsam of Peru. The juice of Myroxylon 
 Peruiferum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulating, tonic, and expectorant. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in chronic bronchitis and phthisis ; also externally, 
 to indolent ulcers. 
 
 Myrrha. U. JS., L., E., D. Myrrh is the concrete juice of 
 Balsamodendron Myrrha. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, tonic, expectorant, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. In chronic bronchitis, amenorrhoea and chlorosis of an en- 
 feebled character, combined with iron and aloes ; also an ingre- 
 dient in tooth-powders, and mouth-washes. 
 
 Naphtha. This name has been applied to many kinds of inflam- 
 mable liquids, several of which have been used medicinally. 
 The Naphtha of Dr. Hastings, lately introduced as a remedy 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 153 
 
 for consumption, is acetone, or pyroacetic spirit. It is made by 
 distilling acetate of lime, and re-distilling the product over lime, 
 till its boiling point becomes constant. Or it may be procured 
 by passing the vapour of acetic acid through a tube heated to 
 dull redness, and rectifying the product as before. — Dose, 12 to 
 15 drops, 3 times a day, in water, to be gradually increased. 
 
 Nux Vomica. U S., L., E., D. The seeds of Strychnos Nux 
 Vomica. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, in small doses; in larger doses, excitant to 
 the motor nervous centres ; overdoses are poisonous. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia depending on atony of the muscular coat of 
 the stomach, in paralysis, prolapsus ani, and impotence. 
 
 Olea De still at a. U. S., L. [Olea Volatilia, E. ; Olea Essen- 
 tialia, D.~\ Distilled, Volatile, or Essential Oils, are prepared 
 by putting the substance from which the oil is to be extracted 
 (the herbs, flowers, seeds, &c), into a retort, with as much water 
 as will cover them, and distilling into a large receiver, kept cool. 
 Separate the oil from the water which comes over with it. In 
 this manner prepare the following : 
 
 Oleum Anethi. E. From Dill seeds. 
 
 Oleum Anisi. U 8., L., E., D. From Anise seeds. 
 
 Oleum Anthemidis. L., E. From Chamomile flowers. 
 
 Oleum Carui. U. S. [Oleum Carui, L., E., D.] From Cara- 
 way seeds. 
 
 Oleum Chenopodii. U S. From Wormseed. 
 
 Oleum Funiculi. U.S., E. [Oleum Fceniculi Dulcis, D.~\ 
 
 From Fennel seeds. 
 Oleum G-aultheri^. U. S. Oil of Partridge-berry. From 
 
 leaves (and other parts) of Graultheria procumbens. 
 
 Oleum Hedeom^:. U.S. Oil of Pennyroyal. From the herb 
 
 Hedeoma pulegioides. 
 Oleum Juniperi. U. S., L., E., D. From Juniper berries. 
 Oleum Lavandula. U. S., L., E., D. From Lavender flowers. 
 
154 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Oleum Mentha Piperita. U. S., L., E., D. From Pepper- 
 mint. 
 
 Oleum Mentha Pulegii. L. [Oleum Pulegii, 2).] Oil of 
 European Pennyroyal. From European Pennyroyal. 
 
 Oleum Mentha Viridis. U. S., L., E., D. From Spearmint. 
 
 Oleum Monard^e. U. 8. From Horsemint. 
 
 Oleum Origani. IT. S., L., E., D. From Origanum [Mar- 
 joram]. 
 
 Oleum Pimento. U. S., L., E., D. From Pimento [Allspice]. 
 
 Oleum Rosmarini. U. S. } L., E., D. From Rosemary tops. 
 
 Oleum Rut^e. E., D. From Rue. 
 
 Oleum Sabine. U. S., E., D. From Savine leaves. 
 
 Oleum Sambuci. L. From Elder flowers. 
 
 Oleum Sassafras. U. S. From Sassafras bark. 
 
 [All the above volatile oils possess in a very high degree the stimu- 
 lant, aromatic, and other medical properties of the substances 
 from which they are derived. They are employed chiefly as 
 adjuvants ; also in pharmacy. Some of them are used as ex- 
 ternal irritants.] 
 
 Olea Fixa vel Expressa. Fixed or Expressed Oils are pro- 
 cured from certain fruits, seeds, &c, by expression, and some- 
 times by decoction. 
 
 Olea Empyreumatica. Oily fluids, procured, in the destructive 
 distillation of various vegetable and animal substances. 
 
 Olea Medic ata. [Olea Cocta, vel Infusa.] Oils medicated by 
 infusion or decoction. They are mostly prepared by digesting 
 or gently boiling the fresh leaves or flowers of various plants in 
 olive oil, till they become crisp, taking care that the tempe- 
 rature does not rise above 212°. A few animal substances are 
 treated in the same way. 
 
 Oleum Amygdala. JJ. S., L. [Oleum Amygdalinum, Z>.] 
 The fixed oil of the sweet and bitter almond, procured by ex- 
 pression. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 155 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and emollient. 
 
 Use. Rubbed up with water, in catarrhal and other pulmonary 
 
 irritations. 
 Oleum Amygdalae Amar^: Destillattjm. P. Procured by 
 
 distilling the cake of bitter almonds (from which the fixed oil 
 
 has been expressed) with water. — Dose, \ to \ a drop. 
 Med. Prop. A powerful sedative narcotic; it resembles prussic 
 
 acid. 
 Use. As a substitute for hydrocyanic or prussic acid. 
 Olexjm Armoracle. By distilling fresh horseradish root with 
 
 water. It appears to be identical with the Oil of black mustard. 
 Med. Prop. A powerful stimulant. 
 Use. As a rubefacient. 
 Oleum Aurantii Florum. P. Neroli. By distilling orange 
 
 flowers Ibx, with water Ibxx. [An oil is also procured from 
 
 the leaves.] 
 Med. Prop. A delightful fragrant, aromatic oil. 
 Use. For imparting odour to perfumes. 
 Oleum Bergamii. U. S., L. [Oleum Bergamotae, E.~] From 
 
 bergamot peel [Citrus Limetta], as Oleum Limonis. 
 
 Oleum Bezoardicum. WedeVs Oil. Camphor £ij, oil of 
 almonds f^ij, oil of bergamot Jss, alkanet root q. s. to colour it. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to those of Linimentum Saponis 
 Camphoratum. 
 
 Oleum Bubulum. U. S. Neat' s-foot Oil. By boiling the feet 
 
 of the ox a long time in water, and skimming off the oil. 
 Use. In pharmacy, for making citrine ointment. 
 
 Oleum Cajaputi. U. S. (Sec), L., P., D. By distilling the 
 
 leaves of Melaleuca Cajaputi with water. 
 Med. Prop. A powerful stimulant. 
 Use. In epilepsy, palsy, chronic rheumatism, and in spasms of 
 
 stomach and bowels ; also as an external irritant. 
 
 Oleum Camphors. The liquid camphor, obtained by piercing 
 the young camphor tree, is so termed in India. 
 
156 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop. Similar to those of Camphor ; seldom employed in 
 
 U. S. 
 Oleum Camphoratum. See Linimentum Camphorse. 
 Oleum Cannabis. Expressed from Hemp seed. 
 
 Oleum Caryophylli. U. S.> L., E. y D. By distilling cloves 
 with water. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful irritant, and aromatic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as a corrigent ; also to relieve toothache. 
 
 Oleum Cassle. As Oleum Cinnamomi. 
 
 Oleum Cinnamomi. U S., L., E., D. From Cinnamon (and 
 Cassia) bark, by macerating in salt water, and distilling. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, cordial, and aromatic ; not astringent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly to impart flavour. 
 
 Oleum Citri. Oil of Cedrat. From the peel and flowers of 
 Citron; as 01. Limonis. 
 
 Oleum Copaib^e. E. Copaiva ^j, water Ojss; distil and remove 
 the oil, preserving the water j when most of the water has passed 
 over, heat it and return it to the still, and resume the distilla- 
 tion ; repeat this till no more oil comes over. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as Copaiba. As it contains no 
 oxygen, it is a good vehicle for preserving potassium. 
 
 Oleum Cornu Cervi. DippeVs Animal Oil. Procured in the 
 distillation of hartshorn or bones. It is rectified by re-distil- 
 lation. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and antispasmodic ; — not used at present 
 on account of its repulsive odour and taste. 
 
 Oleum Crotonis. See Oleum Tiglii. 
 
 Oleum Cubeb^e. U. S., E. By distilling the ground berries in 
 water. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to cubebs, for which it may be 
 advantageously substituted. 
 
 Oleum Cucurbitje. Expressed from the seeds of the Pumpkin. 
 
 Use. A soothing application in piles. 
 
 Oleum Ergot^e. (Dr. Wright.) From coarsely powdered ergot 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 157 
 
 of rye, by percolation with ether, and allowing the ether to 
 evaporate spontaneously ; or by digesting the ergot in solution 
 of potash at 120° or 150°, diluting the liquid with half its 
 weight of water, neutralizing by sulphuric acid, and distilling 
 by an oil-bath. — Dose, 20 to 50 drops, in hemorrhage. 
 
 Oleum Limonis. U. S. [Oleum Limonorum, L., E.~\ By 
 expressing the yellow portion of the peel of lemons, previously 
 grated off. An inferior kind is procured by distillation. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and aromatic. 
 
 Use. To impart flavour. 
 
 Oleum Lini. XT. S., E. } D. Linseed Oil. By expression from 
 
 flaxseed, either cold, or previously roasted. 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, emollient, and laxative. 
 Use. As an adjuvant to purgative enemata; also externally, to 
 
 burns, combined with lime-water. 
 
 Oleum Morrhu^e. Oleum Jecoris Aselli. Cod-Liver Oil. 
 The oil procured from the fresh liver of the codfish, Gadus 
 Morrhua, by expression. Three kinds are usually to be met 
 with, the pale yellow , the reddish-yellow, and the broivn. — Dose, 
 a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful, 3 times a day, in phthisis, 
 scrofula, &c. [By some it is thought to be beneficial in conse- 
 quence of the minute quantity of iodine which it contains. It 
 more probably acts by increasing the nutritive functions.] 
 
 Oleum Myristioe. U. $., L., E. The essential oil procured 
 by distilling powdered nutmegs with water. The concrete oil — 
 oil of mace — is obtained by expression. 
 
 Med. Prop. Similar to Nutmeg. 
 
 Oleum Oliv^e. U. S., L., E., D* Expressed from crushed 
 olives. An inferior oil is made by boiling the pressed paste 
 with water. 
 
 Med. Prop. Nutritious, demulcent, and mildly laxative. 
 
 Use. As a laxative for children ; as an ingredient in purgative 
 enemata ; to burns ; also in pharmacy. 
 
 14 
 
158 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Oleum Palm.e. Expressed from the fruit of Elais G-uiniensis. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in the manufacture of palm soap. 
 
 Oleum Papaveris. Huile Blanche. From poppy-seeds, as Oleum 
 
 Amygdalae. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Oleum Olivse. 
 
 Oleum Petr^e. Rock Oil, or Oil of Petroleum. The name is 
 also given to the following mixture [Gray] : Oil of turpentine 
 gviij, Barbadoes tar ^iv, oil of rosemary Jiv. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of a stimulant embrocation. 
 
 Oleum Ricini. U. S. } L.,E., D. Castor Oil. By expressing 
 the seeds of Ricinus communis, previously heated ; then clarified 
 by boiling the oil with a considerable quantity of water, sepa- 
 rating the oil, and again heating with a little water, until the 
 latter is driven off. In the East and West Indies, the oil is 
 procured by boiling the seeds in water, by which a more acrid 
 oil is obtained. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic. 
 
 Use. In cases requiring a gentle, soothing action, as in dysentery, 
 also in colic, combined with laudanum, also in cases of children 
 and puerperal women. 
 
 Oleum Rosje. Otto, or Attar of Roses. From rose leaves, by 
 distilling with water, and collecting the oil, when cool, from the 
 surface of the water. 
 
 Use. A delightful fragrant perfume. 
 
 Oleum Sesami. U S. {Sec.) Benne Oil. From the seeds of 
 Sesamum orientale. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient ; in large doses, laxative. 
 Use. As Olive Oil. 
 
 Oleum Sin apis Volatile. By distillation from black mustard- 
 seed. 
 
 Med. Prop. An active rubefacient. 
 
 Use. Externally, as a counter-irritant. 
 
 Oleum Succini. U. S., D. Oil of Amber. By distilling am- 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 159 
 
 ber, previously mixed with an equal weight of sand, in a glass 
 retort, by means of a sand-bath, and separating the oil from the 
 other products. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, antispasmodic, diuretic; externally, rube- 
 facient. 
 
 Use. In hysteria, hooping-cough, amenorrhea, singultus, &c; 
 externally, in chronic rheumatism and palsy ; and to the spine, 
 in hooping-cough, and infantile convulsions. 
 
 Oleum Succini Rectificatum. U. S., D. [Oleum Succini, L.~\ 
 Distil together oil of amber Oj, water Ovj, until Oiv of the 
 water have passed over with the oil ; then separate the oil from 
 the water. — Dose, 5 to 15 drops. [This is the form for internal 
 administration.] 
 
 Oleum Succini Oxydatum. Artificial Mush. Put into a cup 
 f3J of oil of amber, and add to it, drop by drop, f3iij of strong 
 nitric acid; let it stand for 36 hours; then separate, and wash 
 the resinous matter. — Dose, gr. v to x. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. Yery similar to Musk. 
 
 Oleum Sulphuratum. Balsam of Sulphur. Olive oil f^xvj, 
 heated in a large vessel; washed sulphur ^ij, to be gradually 
 added, stirring occasionally till they combine. 
 
 Use. Formerly esteemed in chronic catarrh, and other pectoral 
 affections, but not now employed. 
 
 Oleum Terebinthinje. U. S., D. Spirits of Turpentine. By 
 distilling common turpentine with water. It can be further 
 purified by re-distillation with water, or by agitating it with 
 alcohol, [Oleum Terebinthinse Purificatum, L., E.~\ 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diuretic, and anthelmintic; externally, 
 rubefacient. 
 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, lumbago, and sciatica; in uterine 
 hemorrhage, typhoid fever, chronic gastritis, chronic dysentery, 
 and chronic bronchitis. 
 
 Oleum Tiglii. U. S. } L. [Oleum Crotonis, P., D.~] Croton 
 
160 AMEEICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Oil. Procured by expression from the seeds of the Croton 
 
 Tiglium. 
 Med. Prop. One of the most powerful of the drastic cathartics. 
 Use. In obstinate constipation; in dropsy, mania, apoplexy, coma, 
 
 dropped on the tongue ; externally, as a counter-irritant, to the 
 
 chest and throat. 
 
 Oleum Valeriana. (Prus. Ph.) By distilling valerian root 1 
 part, with water 8 parts. It contains valerianic acid, which is 
 increased in quantity by exposure. — Dose, 4 or 5 drops. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of Valerian; it is its active principle. 
 
 Oleum Vini. Oleum ^Ethereum. Oil of Wine. Procured 
 in the preparation of sulphuric ether. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and calmative. 
 
 Use. In the preparation of Hoffman's Anodyne. 
 
 Olibanum. L., D. Frankincense. A gum-resin, the product 
 of Boswellia serrata. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, as the other gums. 
 
 Use. Only externally, for plasters ; also for fumigations. 
 
 Opium. U JS., L., P., D. The concrete juice of the unripe 
 capsules of Papaver somniferum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, anodyne, antispasmodic, soporific, diapho- 
 retic, and astringent. 
 
 Use. In low forms of disease ; to relieve pain in all disorders where 
 the brain is not implicated ; in spasmodic diseases, especially in 
 tetanus and mania a potu; in morbid restlessness, not dependent 
 on inflammation of the brain ; in rheumatism, gout, dysentery, 
 enteritis, and peritonitis ; in all unhealthy discharges. 
 
 Opoponax. L. A gum-resin, the product of Opoponax Chironium. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antispasmodic, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. Scarcely ever employed at present. 
 
 Origanum. U &., L., E. [Origanum Vulgare, D.} Marjo- 
 ram. The herb of Origanum vulgare. 
 
 Med. Prop. G-ently tonic, and excitant. 
 
 Use. In the form of warm infusion, as a diaphoretic and emmena- 
 gogue. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 161 
 
 Origanum Marjorana. D. Sweet Marjoram. 
 
 Med, Prop. Very similar to the preceding. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in cookery. 
 
 Os. U. S. [Ossa, Z>.] Bone. 
 
 Use. Not employed in medicine ; only in pharmacy. 
 
 Ovum. L., E. Egg. 
 
 Med. Prop. Nutritive. 
 
 Use. As a diet; in pharmacy, the yelk is employed in making 
 
 mixtures. 
 Oxymel. L., D. Honey flbx, acetic acid Ojss; mix the acid 
 
 with the honey, previously heated. 
 Use. As an adjuvant to gargles. 
 
 Oxymel Colchici. D. Vinegar of colchicum f^xvj, clarified 
 
 honey Ibij ; boil to the consistence of syrup. — Dose, fjj. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to those of Colchicum. 
 
 Oxymel Scill^e. U. S., L. y D. Clarified honey llbiij, vinegar 
 of squill Oij ; mix, and evaporate by means of a water-bath to 
 the proper consistence. — Dose, fjj to fjij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Squill; — an excellent form for adminis- 
 tering it as an expectorant. 
 
 Panax. U. J3. ($ec.) Ginseng. The root of Panax quinque- 
 
 folium. . ,_. 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 Use. Not employed as a medicine. 
 
 Pap aver. U. S., L., E. Poppy-heads. The ripe capsules of 
 
 Papaver somniferum. 
 Med. Prop. Those of Opium, in a very feeble degree. 
 Use. As a very mild narcotic, in the form of syrup ; externally, 
 
 as an emollient anodyne application. 
 
 Pareira. U. S. ($sc), L., E. Pareira Brava. The root of 
 
 Cissampelos Pareira. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, diuretic, and aperient. 
 Use. Chiefly in chronic urinary disorders. 
 
 14* 
 
162 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pasta Althe^e. P. Pate de Guimauve, Decorticated marsh- 
 mallow root ^iv, water Oiv; macerate for 12 hours, strain, and 
 add Ibijss of picked gum Arabic and white sugar, each; dissolve, 
 strain, and evaporate to the consistence of honey, constantly- 
 stirring, and add gradually the whites of 12 eggs, well beaten 
 with ^iv of orange-water. Evaporate with constant stirring, 
 till the paste is so firm as to adhere to the hands. [The P. Codex 
 of 1836 substitutes water for decoction of althea, and terms the 
 compound Pate de Gomme,~] 
 
 Med. Prop. An agreeable demulcent. 
 
 Use. In coughs, irritations of the throat, &c. 
 
 Pasta Jtjjub^e. P. Jujube Paste. Formerly prepared from 
 the jujube fruit, by boiling with water, then adding gum Arabic 
 and sugar, and clarifying with the whites of eggs ; then evapo- 
 rating to a thick consistence, flavouring with orange flower 
 water, and pouring into moulds and drying. At present, the 
 jujubes are usually omitted. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. As the last. 
 
 Pasta Viennentis. Pate de Vienne. Potassa cum Galce. 
 
 Pastilli Odor ATI. Aromatic Pastils. P. Benzoin ^ij, balsam 
 of Tolu Jiv, labdanum 3J> yellow sandal- wood Jiv, charcoal ^vj, 
 nitre 3ij, mucilage of tragacanth q. s. > mix, and divide into 
 conical pastils. 
 
 Use. To be burned, for fumigation. 
 
 Petroleum. L., P., D. Barbadoes Tar. Rock Oil. A native, 
 inflammable product of various parts of the world. See Oleum 
 Petrse. 
 
 Petroselinum. U. S. (Sec.) Parsley Root. Hoot of Apium 
 Petroselinum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic, and aperient. 
 
 Use. As an adjuvant, in dropsies. 
 
 Phloridzinum. Phloridzine is prepared from the fresh root-bark 
 of the apple, pear, cherry, or plum, by boiling with alcohol, 
 straining, distilling off most of the spirit, and allowing the residue 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 163 
 
 to cool. Its properties and uses are similar to those of Salicine. 
 — Dose, gr. x to gr. xv. 
 
 Phosphorus. L. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful stimulant in small doses ; poisonous in 
 larger quantities. 
 
 Use. In GJ-erinany, in cases of extreme prostration. 
 
 Phytolacca. U S. (Sec.) Poke (Berries and Seeds). The 
 berries and root of Phytolacca decandra. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emetic, purgative, narcotic, and alterative. 
 
 Use. In rheumatism, as an alterative ; as an ointment in piles 
 and tinea capitis. 
 
 Picrotoxina. The poisonous active principle of Cocculus In- 
 dicus. 
 
 Use. Not used in medicine. 
 
 Pilul^e. Pills are small globular masses of a size convenient for 
 swallowing. They afford a convenient method of administering 
 disagreeable medicines, which do not require to be given in large 
 doses. Deliquescent substances are not proper to be given in the 
 pilular form ; and those which are efflorescent should first be 
 deprived of their water of crystallization. Care should be taken 
 not to combine substances mutually incompatible. A mixture 
 of syrup and powdered gum Arabic forms an excellent material 
 for the formation of pills; the conserve of roses, honey, and 
 molasses, are also employed. Pills are sometimes silvered, and 
 sometimes covered with gelatine, to disguise their odour and 
 taste. 
 
 Pilulje Aloes. U. S., E. Powdered aloes and soap, each § j ; 
 beat them with water so as to form a mass ) to be divided into 
 240 pills— Dose, 2 to 5 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative or purgative, according to the dose. 
 
 Use. In habitual constipation. 
 
 Pilule Aloes Composite. L., D. Aloes ^j, extract of gen- 
 tian ^ss, oil of caraway tijjxl, syrup q. s. — Dose, gr. v — xv. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, and tonic. 
 
 Use. In the constipation of the dyspeptic and sedentary. 
 
164 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pilule Aloes et Assafcetlda. U. S. y E. Powdered aloes, 
 assafoetida, and soap, each ^ss, water q. s. to form a mass. 
 Divide into 180 pills. — Dose, 2 to 5 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, stimulant, and carminative. 
 
 Use. In the constipation of old persons; in flatulence and de- 
 bility. 
 
 Pilule Aloes et Ferri. E. Sulphate of iron three parts, 
 Barbadoes aloes two parts, aromatic powder six parts, confection 
 of roses eight parts j make a mass to be divided into five-grain 
 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, and tonic. 
 
 Use. In constipation with dyspepsia, and amenorrhoea. 
 
 Pilule Aloes et Ipecacuanha. (Dr. Baillie.) Aloes 9j, 
 ginger Jss, ipecacuanha gr. viij, syrup q. s. Divide into 16 
 pills. — Dose, one before dinner, daily. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, tonic, and carminative. 
 
 Use. In constipation with dyspepsia. 
 
 Pilules Aloes cum Mastich. Dinner Pills. Aloes Jvj, 
 mastic and red rose petals, each 5ij, syrup of wormwood (or 
 common syrup) q. s. To be divided into three-grain pills. 
 — Dose, 1 or 2 before a meal. 
 
 Med. Prop. A gentle tonic laxative. 
 
 Use. Much employed in dyspepsia with constipation. 
 
 PiLULiE Aloes et Mtrrha. U. S., E. [Pil. Aloes cum 
 Myrrha, L., D.~] Rufus's Pills. Powdered aloes ^ij, powdered 
 myrrh gj, saffron gss, syrup q. s. ; beat together into a mass, 
 and divide into 480 pills. — Dose, 3 to 6 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. A warm, stimulant cathartic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia" with constipation, or anienorrhcea. 
 
 PiluljE Aloes et Zingiberis. D. Hepatic aloes %}, gi n g er 
 
 5J, soap £iv, oil of peppermint 3ss; mix. 
 Med. Prop. A warm aromatic cathartic. 
 Use. In constipation with flatulence. 
 Pilule Andersonis. P. Scots Pills. Aloes 5 V J> gamboge 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 165 
 
 £vj, oil of aniseed £j, syrup q. s. ; mix, and divide into four- 
 grain pills. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to the preceding. 
 
 Pilule diets Antecibum. P. Dinner Pills. Aloes £vj, 
 extract of cinchona 3iij> cinnamon Jj, syrup of wormwood q. s. ; 
 mix. — Dose, 6 grains, or more. [These are substituted for the 
 Pil. Aloes et Mastich.] 
 
 Med. Prop. A tonic, aromatic laxative. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia. 
 
 Pilules Anticephalalgics. (Brotjssais.) Extract of bel- 
 ladonna gr. xv, extract of hyoscyamus gr. xv, extract of lettuce 
 3ss, extract of opium gr. vj, butter of cacao %iv ; divide into 
 120 pills. — Dose, one, night and morning. (Dr. Wilson 
 Philip's pills for nervous headache : — Rhubarb 3ss, nutmeg 
 Jss, extract of chamomile 9j, oil of peppermint q. s. ; divide 
 into 30 pills. — Dose, 3 pills twice a day.) 
 
 Pilule Antiepileptics. (Recamier.) Oxide of zinc gr. ix, 
 camphor gr. vj, extract of belladonna gr. vj ; divide into 12 
 pills. 
 
 Pilule Antacids. Antacid Pills. Pills of Soda and Rhu- 
 barb, &c. Powdered rhubarb, dried carbonate of soda, extract 
 of gentian, of each 9j, calomel gr. iij. To be made into 20 
 pills. — Dose, two occasionally. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, with acidity of stomach. 
 
 Pilule Aromatics. Aromatic Pills. (Dr. Parrish.) Car- 
 bonate of ammonia, capsicum, cloves, and mace, of each, 9j, oil of 
 caraway gtt. v, extract of gentian gr. xij, syrup q. s. To be 
 made into 20 pills. — Dose, one every 2 hours, in gout of the 
 stomach. 
 
 Pilule Antispasmodics. Antispasmodic Pills. The following 
 
 are used : 
 Pills of Assafoetida. Assafcetida 3J> soap gr. x, water q. $.; to 
 
 be divided into 20 pills. — Dose, 2 to 4 pills. 
 Pills of Castor, Oil of Amber, &c. Castor 3j, oil of amber 5ss, 
 
166 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 extract of gentian q. s. ) to be made into 24 pills. — Dose, 3 pills 
 night and morning, in hysteria. 
 Pills of Musk and Camphor. (Richard.) Musk gr. x, camphor 
 gr. xx, ammoniac 9ij, opium gr. iv; to be divided into pills of 
 4 grains each. — Dose, 4 or 5 in the 24 hours, in nervous dis- 
 eases. 
 
 Pilule Arsenici. P. Pilulae Asiatics. Tanjore Pills. White 
 arsenic gr. j, black pepper gr. xij ; triturate for a long time, and 
 add gum acacias gr. ij, water q. s.; divide into 15 pills. [Each 
 pill contains y^th gr. of arsenic] 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, as arsenious acid. 
 
 Use. In the East, in the treatment of syphilis and elephantiasis. 
 
 Pilule Assafcetid^e. U. S. Assafoetida ^ jss, soap ^ss, water 
 q. s. to form a mass ; divide into 240 pills. [Each pill contains 
 3 grs. of the gum.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Assafoetida. 
 
 Pilule Astrlngentes. Astringent Pills. The following may 
 be employed : 
 
 Pills of Sugar of Lead and Opium. Acetate of lead gr. xxiv, 
 opium gr. vj ; mix, and divide into 12 pills. — Dose, one every 
 hour or two, in haemoptysis and dysentery. [Dr. GrRAVES re- 
 commends acetate of lead 9j, opium gr. j ; to be divided into 
 12 pills. — Dose, one every hour, in cholera.'] 
 
 Pills of Alum, Opium, and Catechu. Alum gr. vj, extract of 
 opium gr. j, catechu gr. j — vj ; to be divided into 6 pills. — Dose, 
 one every 2 hours, in passive hemorrhages. 
 
 Pills of Tannin, &c. Tannin 3j, sulphate of morphia gr. j, blue 
 mass gr. vj ; to be divided into 12 pills. — Dose, one every 2 
 hours, in diarrhoea and dysentery. 
 
 Pilule Calomel anos Composite. E., D. [Pilulse Hydrargyri 
 Chloridi Compositse, L.~] Plummets Pills. Calomel Jij, 
 oxysulphuret of mercury Jij ; rub together, then with guaiac 
 5iv, and treacle Jij, or q. s. to form a mass. To be divided 
 into five-grain pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative. 
 
 Use. In chronic skin diseases, chronic rheumatism, &c. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 167 
 
 Pilule Calomelanos et Opii. E. Calomel 3 parts, opium 1 
 part, confection of roses q. s. Beat them into a mass, to be 
 divided into pills, each containing 2 grains of calomel. 
 
 Use. Where the combined effects of mercury and opium are re- 
 quired -, but the proportion of ingredients may often require to 
 be varied. 
 
 Pilules Camphors cum Thridace. (Ricord.) Camphor, and 
 extract of lettuce, each, 9ijss; divide into 20 pills.— Dose, 4 to 
 6 daily. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anaphrodisiac. 
 
 Pilule Cathartics. Cathartic Pills. The following, among 
 many others, are employed : 
 
 GriffiUs' Cathartic Pills. Pulverized jalap, pulverized rhubarb, 
 and soap, of each, Jss, calomel gr. xxv, tartar emetic gr. jss; 
 mix, and divide into 25 pills. — Dose, two at once, and repeated 
 in 2 hours, if they do not operate. 
 
 Pills of Blue mass, Jalap, and Aloes. Blue mass, pulverized 
 jalap, and pulverized aloes, of each, gr. xv, syrup q. s. ; mix, 
 and divide into 12 pills. — Dose, 3 pills at night. 
 
 Pills of Blue mass and Rhubarb. Blue mass gr. ix, pulverized 
 rhubarb and bicarbonate of soda, of each, gr. xij, aromatic syrup 
 of rhubarb q. s. ) mix, and divide into 12 pills. — Dose, one, 2 
 or 3 times a day. As an alterative, in derangement of the liver. 
 (Dr. Hartshorne.) 
 
 Compound Cathartic Pills. See Pilulse Catharticse Composite. 
 
 Pills of Rhubarb and Iron. Pulverized rhubarb 3 jss, sulphate 
 of iron (dried) Jss, white soap 9ij • mix, and divide into 40 
 pills. (Dr. GtRIfeitts.) 
 
 Pills of Aloes and Gentian. Pulverized aloes Jj, extract of gen- 
 tian Jss, ii f caraway gtt. x, syrup q. s.; mix, and divide into 
 pills of 4 grains each. — Dose, 2 or 3 at once. 
 
 Aperient Pills. Aloes and rhubarb, of each, Jj, ipecacuanha gr. 
 vj, white soap 9j ; divide into 64 pills. — Dose, 1 at night, or 
 more frequently. [Blue mass may be added, if there is deficiency 
 of bile.] 
 
168 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pilule Cathartics Composite. U S. Compound extract 
 of colocynth, in powder, ^ss, extract of jalap, powdered, and 
 calomel, each, Jiij, gamboge, in powder, 9ij ; divide into 180 
 pills. — Dose, 1 to 3 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An admirable cathartic, where there is 
 derangement of the hepatic secretion, as in the commencement 
 of bilious fevers. 
 
 Pilule Ccerules. By Blue Pills we understand Pilulee Hy- 
 drargyri ; but in some of the European pharmacopoeias (as those 
 of Portugal and G-ermany), the Pilulse Cupri Ammoniatae are 
 so named. 
 
 Pilule Colocynthidis. E. [ — Composite, D."] Aloes g j, 
 scammony ^j, colocynth Jiv, sulphate of potash 3j [soap Jij, 
 />.], oil of cloves Jj, rectified spirit [treacle, D.~] q. s. Divide 
 into five-grain pills. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An active cathartic. 
 
 Pilule Colocynthidis et Hyoscyami. E. Compound colo- 
 cynth pill 2 parts, extract of henbane 1 part, rectified spirit q. s. 
 Mix, and divide into five-grain pills. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An active cathartic; — the hyoscyamus is 
 asserted to obviate the griping effect. 
 
 Pilulee Colocynthidis et Colchici. (Bouchard at.) Com- 
 pound extract of colocynth 9j, extract of colchicum 3J> extract 
 of opium gr. j. Divide into 18 pills. — Dose, one or more, accord- 
 ing to their purgative effect. Substituted for Lartigue's Gout 
 Pills. [A similar compound, termed Sir H. Halford's Gout 
 Pills, contains acetic extract of colchicum gr. ijss, Dover's 
 powder and compound extract of colocynth, each, gr. jss — in 
 each pill.] 
 
 Pilulse Conii Composite. L. Extract of hemlock Jv, ipeca- 
 cuanha 3Jj mucilage q. s. — Dose, gr. iij — v. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and expectorant. 
 
 Pilule Copaiba. U. S., and Mialhe. Copaiva gij, freshly 
 calcined magnesia Jj ; mix and set aside, stirring occasionally, 
 till it concretes into a pilular mass, which is to be divided into 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 169 
 
 200 pills. — Dose, 2 to 6 pills twice daily. [Hydrate of lime 
 produces the same effect on copaiva as magnesia.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Copaiba ; — a good form for administra- 
 tion. 
 
 Pilule Cupri Ammoniati. E. Ammoniated copper, finely 
 powdered, 1 part, bread crumb 6 parts, solution of carbonate of 
 ammonia q. s. Beat it into a mass, to be divided into pills 
 containing gr. ss. of ammoniated copper in each. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Cuprum Ammoniatum. 
 
 Pilule Diaphoretics. Diaphoretic Pills: — Pills of Anti- 
 mony, Calomel, and Opium. Antimonial powder gr. x, powdered 
 opium and calomel, of each, gr. ij, confection of roses q. s. j 
 divide into 4 pills. — Dose, two at bedtime, in acute rheumatism. 
 
 Plummets Pills. See Pil. Calomelanos Comp. 
 
 Pilitls Diuretics. Diuretic Pills. The following are fre- 
 quently used : 
 
 Pills of Digitalis, Calomel, and Opium. Powder of digitalis gr. 
 xij, calomel gr. vj, powdered opium gr. iv, confection of roses, 
 q. s. ; divide into 12 pills. — Dose, one 3 times a day, in hydro- 
 thorax and ascites. 
 
 Pills of Extract of Dandelion, &c. Extract of dandelion Jss, bi ue 
 mass gr. v — x, powder of uva ursi q. s. ; make into 10 pills. — 
 Dose, one 3 times a day ; in dropsy complicated loith disease of 
 the liver. 
 
 Pills of Carbonate of Soda. Dried carbonate of soda Jj, white 
 soap 9ij ; divide into 30 pills. — Dose, three pills 3 times a day; 
 in calculous affections. 
 
 Piluls Digitalis et Scills. E. Digitalis and squill, each, 
 one part, aromatic electuary two parts, confection of roses q. s. 
 Mix, and divide into four-grain pills. — Dose, 1 or 2 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic, 
 
 Use. In dropsy. 
 
 Piltjls Digitalins. Granules de Digitaline, (Homolle.) 
 Digitaline gr. xv, refined sugar 3xijss; mix accurately, and 
 
 15 
 
170 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 divide into 1000 granules. From 4 to 6 may be given in 24 
 hours. 
 
 Use. To procure the effects of Digitalis. 
 
 Pilule Emmenagog^e. Emmenagogue Pills. — The following 
 are employed : 
 
 Pills of Myrrh, Sulphate of Iron, &c. Myrrh and sulphate of 
 iron (dried), of each, ^ij, carbonate of potassa and soap, each, 
 £ss; mix, and divide into 40 pills. — Dose, two 3 times a day. 
 
 Hooper's Pills. Sulphate of iron (dried) 9j, powder of senna, 
 jalap, and cream of tartar, of each, gr. x, powdered ginger, gr. 
 xij, syrup q. s.j mix and divide into 25 pills. — Dose, three pills 
 twice a day. 
 
 Pills of Aloes, Sulphate of Iron, &c. Dried sulphate of iron, 9j, 
 powdered aloes 9ij, powdered cloves gr. v, Venice turpentine 
 q. s. ; mix, and divide into 20 pills. — Dose, one 3 times a day. 
 [Assafoetida, or myrrh may advantageously be added.] 
 
 Pilul^e Fellis Bovini. (Dr. Clay.) Inspissated ox-gall may 
 be formed into four-grain pills alone, or as follows : — Inspis- 
 sated gall 3ij> oil of caraway n^x, carbonate of magnesia q. s. 
 Divide into 36 pills. — Dose, 2 pills three times a day; in costive- 
 ness, deficiency of bile, &c. 
 
 Pilule Ferri cum Absinthio. Pilulae Martioles. (Syden- 
 ham.) Levigated iron Jj, extract of wormwood q. s. [Swediaur 
 substitutes the black oxide for the powdered filings.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and chalybeate. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, chlorosis, and amenorrhoea. 
 
 Pilule Ferri Carbonatis. U. S., E. Vallet's Ferruginous 
 Pills. Dissolve separately, ^iv of sulphate of iron, and ^v of 
 carbonate of soda in f^xvj of boiling water, and to each solution 
 add f % j of syrup ; mix the two solutions in a closely-stopped 
 bottle, and allow the carbonate of iron to subside. Wash this 
 repeatedly with warm water and syrup, in the proportion of f^j 
 of the latter to Oj of the former, till tasteless; press it in flan- 
 nel; mix it immediately with f^ijss of clarified honey, and 
 reduce the mass to the pilular consistence by means of a water- 
 
AMEKICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 171 
 
 bath. — Dose, 3 to 5 grains, three times a day. [E. directs 
 saccharated carbonate of iron 4 parts, conserve of roses 1 part, 
 beat into a mass, and divide into five-grain pills. Dr. Bland's 
 pills are made by triturating, in an iron mortar, 3iv of sulphate 
 of iron, 3iv of subcarbonate of soda, and 3ss of gum tragacanth; 
 to be divided into 96 pills.] 
 
 Med. Prop. One of the best chalybeates. 
 
 Use. In chlorosis, amenorrhoea, and general debility requiring a 
 tonic treatment. 
 
 Pilule Ferri Composite. U. S., L. } D. Powdered myrrh 
 Jij, carbonate of soda 3j j rub together; add sulphate of iron 
 3J ', rub again, then beat them in a warm mortar with syrup, or 
 treacle q. s., to form a mass, and divide into 80 pills. — Dose, 
 2 to 6 pills three times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the last. 
 
 Pilule Ferri cum Aloe. (Brande.) Sulphate of iron 9j, 
 carbonate of potassa 9j, myrrh 3J> aloes $ss. Mix and divide 
 into 30 pills. [The Philadelphia College of Pharmacy gives the 
 following as a substitute for Hooper's Pills : Barbadoes aloes 
 ^j, dried sulphate of iron %ij, extract of hellebore 3ij, myrrh 
 3ij, soap Jij, canella and ginger, each, Jj, water q. s. Divide 
 into pills of 2 % grains, each.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, chalybeate, and aperient. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia with anemia and constipation. 
 
 Pilule Ferri Sulphatis. E. Dried sulphate of iron 2 parts, 
 extract of taraxacum 5 parts, conserve of roses 2 parts, liquorice 
 powder 3 parts. Beat together, and divide into five-grain pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. As the other chalybeates ; but inferior. 
 
 Pilul^e Ferri et Quince Iodidi. (Bouchard at.) Fresh proto- 
 iodide of iron Jjss, disulphate of quinia gr. xviij, honey 9j, 
 liquorice powder q. s.; mix and make into 60 pills. — Dose, 2 to 
 6 daily, in chlorosis. 
 
 Pilule Fcetid^e. See Pil. Assafoetidse, and Pil. Galbani Com- 
 positse. 
 
172 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pilule GtAlbani Composite. U. S., L., D. [Pil. Assafoetidae, 
 E.~\ G-albanum and myrrh, each, £jss, assafoetida gss, syrup 
 q. s. Beat together into a mass, and divide into 480 pills. 
 — Dose, 10 to 20 grains. 
 
 Med. Pro]). Antispasmodic, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. In hysteria, and chlorosis. 
 
 Pilule Gambogle Composite. D. [Pil. Canibogiae Compo- 
 site, L.; Pil. Cambogiae, E.~] G-amboge 3J> aloes Jjss, ginger 
 5ss, soap Jij ', mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. An active purgative. 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri. U S. } L., E., D. Blue Pills. Mercury 
 ^j, confection of roses ^jss; rub together till all the globules 
 disappear; then add powdered liquorice-root jfss, and beat the 
 whole into a mass, to be divided into 480 pills. Each pill con- 
 tains 3 grains of the mass. 
 
 Med. Prop. One of the mildest of the mercurials; alterative, 
 sialagogue, and cathartic. 
 
 Use. To procure the alterative and salivant operation of mercury. 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri Chloridi Mitis. U. S. Calomel Jiv, 
 powdered gum Arabic 3j, syrup q. s. Mix, and divide into 
 240 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A convenient form for administering 
 calomel. 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri Chloridi Composite. L. See Pilulae 
 Calomelanos Composite. 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri Bichloridi. Pilvfae Majores Hoffmani. 
 There are several formulas for these pills, varying in the propor- 
 tion of corrosive sublimate, — each pill containing from the g^th 
 to the ith of a grain. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in syphilitic affections. 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri Bichloridi cum Conio. Kopp's Antiher- 
 petic Pills. Bichloride of mercury gr. iij ; dissolve in alcohol 
 q. s., and add extract of hemlock 3J ) mix, and divide into 60 
 pills. — Dose, 6 pills in the course of the day, gradually increased 
 to 9 pills. 
 
 Use. In chronic skin diseases, and syphilis. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 173 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri Iodidi. L. Iodide (protiodide) of mer- 
 cury Jj, confection of dog-rose Jiij, powdered ginger 3j. Beat 
 thoroughly together. — Dose, 5 to 10 grains. 
 
 Med. Prop. As the Iodide of Mercury. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in syphilis. 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri Protiodidi Composite. (Biett.) Pro- 
 tiodide of mercury 3ss, extract of guaiacum 5J> extract of lettuce 
 9ij, extract of sarza q. s. Make into 72 pills. — Dose, 1, and 
 afterwards 2, a day. — (Record.) Iodide of mercury gr. j, extract 
 of lettuce gr. j, extract of hemlock gr. ij, in each pill. — (Dr. 
 Barbour.) Iodide of mercury 9j, aloes 3ss, dried sulphate of 
 iron 3ss, myrrh Jss, oil of savin gtt. xx.; divide into 24 pills. 
 Dose, one 3 times a day, in amenorrhcea. 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri Deuto-iodidi. Biniodide of mercury gr. j, 
 extract of juniper gr. xij, powdered liquorice q. s. Divide into 
 10 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the Biniodide of Mercury. 
 
 Pilule Hydrargyri et Potassii Iodidi. (Pucbze.) Iodide of 
 potassium gr. viij, biniodide of mercury gr. viij, syrup of gum 
 q. s. ; rub together, and add sugar of milk gr. lxiv. Divide into 
 32 pills. — (Mialhe.) Iodide of potassium gr. vj, protiodide of 
 mercury gr. vj, extract of opium gr. xij ; mix the salts accurately, 
 then the extract, and divide into 24 pills. 
 
 Use. In chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Pilule Ipecacuanha Composite. L. Dover's powder giij, 
 fresh dried squill Jj, ammoniacum Jj, mucilage q. s. ', mix. — 
 Dose, 5 to 10 grains. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, stimulant, expectorant. 
 
 Use. In chronic bronchial affections. 
 
 Pilule Ipecacuanha et Opii. E. Dover's powder 3 parts, 
 confection of roses 1 part ; mix, and divide into four-grain pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, and sudorific. 
 Use. As Dover's Powder. 
 
 Pilula Opii. U.S. [Pil. Opii sive Thebaic^, E.] Powdered 
 opium 3j, soap gr. xij. Beat them with water. so as to form a 
 
 15* 
 
174 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 mass, and divide into 60 pills. E. directs opium 1 part, sul- 
 phate of potassa 3 parts ; conserve of roses 1 part ; to be divided 
 into five-grain pills. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Opium. 
 
 Pilule Pectorales. Dr. Latham's Cough Pills. Dover's 
 powder 3J> fresh squill 9j, ammoniacum 9j, calomel gr. iv; 
 divide into 20 pills. — Dose, 1 three times a day. 
 
 Use. In pectoral complaints, after the inflammation has been 
 subdued. 
 
 Pilule Plumbi Opiate. E. Acetate of lead 6 parts, opium 1 
 part, conserve of roses 1 part; mix, and divide into four-grain 
 pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, sedative, and narcotic. 
 
 Use. In dysentery, hemorrhages, and morbid discharges. 
 
 Pilule Plumbi Iodidi. (Cottereau.) Iodide of lead Jss, 
 confection of roses q. s. ; mix, and divide into 120 pills. — Dose, 
 1, gradually increased to 5, twice a day, in scrofula, scirrhous 
 tumours, &c. 
 
 Pilule Plummeri. See Pilulae Calomelanos Compositae. 
 
 Pilule Quini^ Sulphatts. U. S. Sulphate of quinine 3j, 
 powdered gum Arabic Jij, syrup q. s. ; mix together the sulphate 
 and the gum, then beat with the syrup so as to form a mass, to 
 be divided into 480 pills. — Twelve pills are equal to gj of good 
 bark. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Sulphate of Quinia. 
 
 Pilule Rhei. U. S., E. Powdered rhubarb Jvj, soap Jij ; 
 beat them up with water so as to form a mass, to be divided 
 into 120 pills. — Each pill contains 3 grs. of rhubarb. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As rhubarb ; soap is a very good addition. 
 
 Pilule Rhei Composite. U. S., L., E. Powdered rhubarb 
 ^j, aloes 3yj> myrrh Jiv, oil of peppermint fjss, syrup of orange 
 peel q. s. \ beat together so as to form a mass, to be divided 
 into 240 pills. — Dose, 2 to 4 pills, in constipation. 
 
 Pilule Rhei et Carui. Dr. Kitchener's Peristaltic Persuaders. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 175 
 
 Turkey rhubarb 3ij, syrup 3j, oil of caraway t^xj divide into 
 40 pills. — Dose, 1 to 3 pills. 
 Use. A favourite aperient and carminative in constipation and 
 indigestion. 
 
 Pilule Rhei et Ferri. E. Dried sulphate of iron 4 parts, 
 extract of rhubarb 10 parts, conserve of roses 5 parts ; mix, and 
 divide into five-grain pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. A warm, tonic laxative. 
 
 Use. In costiveness with debility of the stomach. 
 
 Pilule Run. See Pilulae Aloes cum Myrrha. 
 
 Pilulje Sagapeni Composite. L. Sagapenum 3j, aloes 3 SS > 
 
 syrup of ginger q. s. — Dose, 10 to 30 grains. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, antispasmodic, and laxative. 
 Use. In flatulent colic with costiveness. 
 
 Pilule Saponis Composite. U. S., L. [Pilulae Saponis cum 
 Opio, D.~\ Powdered opium ^ss, soap ^ ij ; beat them together, 
 so as to form a pilular mass. (One grain of opium is contained 
 in the mass.) 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Opium. 
 
 Pilule Soiled. E. Powdered squill 5 parts, ammoniac, ginger, 
 and soap, each, 4 parts, conserve of roses 2 parts. Make a uni- 
 form mass, and divide into five-grain pills. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant expectorant. 
 
 Use. In chronic pectoral affections. 
 
 Pilule Soiled Composite. U. S., L., D. Powdered squill 
 3J, powdered ginger and ammoniac, each, 3ij, soap ^iij, syrup 
 q. s. ; mix the powders together, then beat them with the soap, 
 and add the syrup to form a mass; to be divided into 120 pills. 
 — Dose, 5 to 10 grains three or four times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the last. 
 
 Pietje^ Styracis Composite. L. [Pilulse Styracis, E. ; Piluhe 
 e Styrace, D.~\ Strained storax Jiij, opium 3J, saffron 5j ', mix. 
 (Five grains contain one of opium.) 
 
176 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pilule Tonics. Tonic Pills. The following are used : 
 
 Pills of Sulphate of Copper, &c. Sulphate of copper gr. j, powder 
 
 of opium gr. ij, sulphate of quinia gr. viij, extract of gentian 
 
 q. s. ; divide into 4 pills. — Dose, 1 three times a day. In chronic 
 
 quartan ague, and in chronic diarrhoea. 
 Pills of Nitrate of Silver, &c. Nitrate of silver gr. v — x, powdered 
 
 opium 3ss ; camphor and nutmeg, of each, 9j, mucilage q. s. ; 
 
 mix, and make into 20 pills. — Dose, one, morning and evening. 
 
 In epilepsy and chorea. 
 Pills of Nitrate of Silver. Nitrate of silver gr. iij — vj, crumb of 
 
 bread (free from salt) q. s. j make into 12 pills. — Dose, 1, 2, or 3 
 
 twice a day. 
 Pills of Ammoniated Copper. Ammoniated copper 9j, confection 
 
 of roses q. s. ; divide into 40 pills. — Dose, one or two at bed- 
 time. 
 Arsenic Pills. Arsenious acid gr. ij, opium gr. iij, soap gr. viij, 
 
 powdered liquorice root q. s. ; mix, and divide into 20 pills. — 
 
 Dose, 1 two or three times a day, gradually increased. In in- 
 termittent fever and chronic skin diseases. 
 Pilule Zinci Valerian atis. (Boudet.) Valerianate of zinc 
 
 gr. ix, tragacanth Jss; m [ x an d divide into 12 pills. — Dose, 1 
 
 night and morning; in nervous diseases. 
 Pimenta. U. S., L., E., D. Allspice. The unripe berries of 
 
 Myrtus Pimenta. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the aromatics ; chiefly used to impart 
 
 flavour. 
 Piper. TJ. S. [Piper Nigrum, L., E., D.~\ Black Pepper. 
 
 The dried berries of Piper nigrum. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and carminative. 
 Use. Chiefly as a condiment; also as an adjuvant, to excite the 
 
 stomach. 
 Piper Longum. L., E., D. The dried unripe spikes of Piper 
 
 longum. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the preceding. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 177 
 
 Pix Abietis. U. S. [Pix Abietina, L.; Pix Burgundica, E. y 
 
 D.~] Burgundy Pitch is the prepared concrete juice of the 
 
 Norway Spruce (Abies excelsa). 
 Med. Prop. A mild rubefacient. 
 Use. As a mild revulsive, in the form of a plaster. 
 Pix Canadensis. U. S. Hemlock Pitch. Hemlock Gum. The 
 
 prepared concrete juice of Abies Canadensis, the native hem- 
 lock spruce of U. S. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as the preceding, for which it 
 
 may be substituted. 
 Pix Liquida. U. S. } L., P., D. Tar is the impure turpentine, 
 
 procured by burning, from the wood of Pinus palustris, and other 
 
 species of pines. 
 Med. Prop. As Terebinthina. 
 Use. In chronic bronchial affections, in the form of tar-water; 
 
 also by inhalation; and, externally, as an ointment, in tinea 
 
 capitis. 
 Pix Nigra. L. [Pix Arida, E.~\ The solid black mass left 
 
 after the evaporation of the liquid parts of tar. 
 Med. Prop. Gently stimulant and tonic ; — scarcely ever employed. 
 
 Plumbi Acetas. U. S., L., P., D. Sugar of Lead. This salt 
 is always procured in the U. S. from the manufacturing chemist. 
 The L. and E. Phars. direct it to be made by dissolving litharge 
 by the aid of heat, in dilute acetic (pyroligneous, E.) acid. 
 The D. Phar. directs the carbonate to be dissolved in the acid. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and sedative. 
 
 Use. In hemorrhages, especially haemoptysis ; in dysentery, and 
 in the black vomit of yellow fever; externally, as a sedative 
 lotion to inflamed surfaces; also as an injection in inflamed 
 mucous membranes. 
 
 Plumbi Carbonas. U. #., L., E., D. White Lead, or Cerussa, 
 is manufactured either by passing carbonic acid gas through a 
 solution of the subacetate, or by exposing lead to the vapours 
 of vinegar, at a certain temperature. 
 
 Med. Prop. Sedative, and astringent. 
 
178 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Use. Not internally; externally, sprinkled over abraded surfaces, 
 and to form a plaster. 
 
 Plumbi Chloridum. L. Dissolve gxix of acetate of lead in 
 Oiij of boiling water; and ^vj of chloride of sodium in Oj of 
 water ; mix the solutions, and when cold, wash the precipitates 
 with distilled water, and dry it. — Not used in medicine. 
 
 Plumbi Iodidum. L., E. Acetate of lead gix, iodide of potas- 
 sium ^vij. Dissolve the former in Ovj of distilled water, and 
 filter j add it to the latter, dissolved in Oij of water ; wash the 
 precipitate, and dry it. \_E. directs the nitrate, instead of the 
 acetate.] — Dose, gr. ss to gr. iv. 
 
 Med. Prop. Resolvent. 
 
 Use. In scrofulous tumours, and indolent swellings. 
 
 Plumbi Nitras. E. Digest, with a gentle heat, litharge ^ivss 
 in dilute nitric acid Oj ; filter, and crystallize. — Not used in 
 medicine. 
 
 Plumbi Oxidum Hydratum. L. Solution of diacetate of lead 
 Ovj, distilled water Cong, iij, solution of potash Ovj. Mix, 
 and wash the precipitated oxide till nothing alkaline remains. — 
 Not used in medicine. 
 
 Plumbi Oxidum Rubrum. U. S., E. Red Lead, or Minium, 
 is procured by heating the protoxide in a reverberatory furnace, 
 till, by absorbing oxygen, it assumes a red colour. — Not em- 
 ployed in medicine ; in pharmacy, for preparing acetic acid, and 
 solution of chlorine. 
 
 Plumbi Oxidum Semivitreum. U. S., L., D. [Lithargyrum, 
 E.~\ Litharge is procured by exposing melted lead to a current 
 of air till oxidized, and the oxide is partially fused into crystal- 
 line grains. — Not used internally; in pharmacy, for making 
 lead plaster. 
 
 Plumbi Tannas. By decomposing a solution of acetate of lead 
 
 by a solution of tannic acid. 
 Used, externally, as a resolvent, in chronic enlargements. 
 
 Podophyllum. U. S. May-apple. The rhizoma of Podophyllum 
 peltatum. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 179 
 
 Med. Prop. An active and certain hydragogue cathartic. 
 Use. As Jalap, which it strongly resembles. 
 
 Polygala Rubella. U S. (Sec.) Bitter Polygala. The root 
 and herb of Polygala rubella. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, laxative, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia. 
 
 Polygonum Bistorta. D. Bistort Root. The root of Poly- 
 gonum Bistorta. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the vegetable astringents generally. 
 
 Pomatum. A name given to unctuous scented preparations, used 
 for the hair. 
 
 Porrum. L. Leek-root. The root of Allium Porrum. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to the Onion, though milder. 
 
 Potassa. U S. [Potassas Hydras, L.; Potassa Caustica, D.~\ 
 Caustic Potash. Solution of potassa, any quantity ; evaporate 
 rapidly in a clean iron vessel over the fire, till ebullition ceases, 
 and the potassa melts. Pour this into cylindrical moulds, and 
 when cold, transfer to well-stopped bottles. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful escharotic. 
 
 Use. To form issues, and open deep abscesses. 
 
 Potassa cum Calce. L., E. Vienna Caustic. [Potassa Caus- 
 tica cum Calce, D.] Rub together equal parts of hydrate of 
 potassa and quicklime, and keep them in a well-stopped bottle. 
 \E. and D. direct solution of potash to be evaporated in a clean 
 iron vessel to one-fourth, and enough quicklime added to form 
 a stiff paste.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding, but milder and more 
 manageable. 
 
 Potassa Acetas. U. S., L., P., D. Sal Diureticus. Saturate 
 any quantity of acetic acid with carbonate of potassa, gradually 
 added ; then filter, and evaporate cautiously by means of a sand- 
 bath till a dry salt remains. It must be kept in closely-stopped 
 bottles. — Dose, 9j to 5ij- 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic; cathartic, in large doses. 
 
 Use. In dropsies, lithiasis, and as a deobstruent. 
 
180 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 PotassvE Ammonio-Tartras. (Niemann.) Dissolve cream of 
 tartar in hot water, and add carbonate of ammonia to saturation. 
 Evaporate to dryness by a gentle heat. 
 
 Potassje Bitartras. U. S., L., E., D. Cream of Tartar. 
 Procured from the crude tartar, or argol, deposited by wines, by 
 solution and crystallization. The crystals are again dissolved 
 in boiling water, containing charcoal and clay. When these 
 have subsided, the clear solution is drawn off, and left to crys- 
 tallize. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, diuretic, and refrigerant. 
 
 Use. In dropsies, frequently combined with jalap; as a drink in 
 fevers ; also in pharmacy. 
 
 Potass.^ Boro-Tartras. P. Soluble Cream of Tartar. Bi- 
 tartrate of potassa, in powder, giv, boracic acid, in crystals, ^j, 
 water Ibij ; put them in a silver basin ; boil till most of the 
 water is evaporated, stirring incessantly. When the matter 
 becomes very thick, take it up in portions, flatten them, and 
 place them in a stove till sufficiently dry ; reduce to powder, 
 and preserve in well-stopped bottles. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild, cooling purgative. 
 
 Potass^ Carbonas. U. S., L. } E. [Potassae Carbonas e Lixivio 
 Cinere, D.] Dissolve Tfoiij of impure carbonate of potassa (pearl- 
 ash) in Oijss of water ; filter, and pour it into a clean iron vessel, 
 and evaporate by a gentle heat till the solution thickens ; then 
 stir it constantly with an iron spatula, till it granulates. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, diuretic, and antilithic. 
 
 Use. In gravel, dropsy, and dyspepsia with acidity ; also to pre- 
 pare the neutral mixture. 
 
 Potass^e Carbonas Impurus. U. S. [Carbonas Impura, L. ; 
 Lixivus Cinis, D.~\ The potash and pearlash of commerce is 
 procured by lixiviating wood ashes, and evaporating the solution 
 to dryness. — Not employed in medicine. 
 
 Potass^e Carbonas Purus. U. S. [Potassae Carbonas Purum, 
 E. ; Potassae Carbonas e Tartari Crystallis, D.~\ Salt of Tartar. 
 Rub up separately into powder Ibij of cream of tartar and Ibj 
 of nitrate of potash ; then mix together, and throw them into a 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 181 
 
 brass vessel heated nearly to redness, that they may undergo 
 combustion. From the residue, prepare the pure carbonate, in 
 the manner directed for the carbonate. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Potassse Carbonas. 
 
 Potass^e Bicarbonas. U. S., L., P., D. Dissolve Ubiv of 
 carbonate of potassa in Ox of distilled water, and pass carbonic 
 acid through the solution till fully saturated. Then filter, and 
 evaporate at a heat below 160°, that crystals may form; pour 
 off the supernatant liquid, and dry the crystals upon bibulous 
 paper. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the carbonate; but milder, and more 
 acceptable to the stomach. 
 
 Potassa Chloras. (Graham. ) Mix 2 parts of carbonate of 
 potash with 1 of quicklime, and expose to a current of chlorine 
 gas. When saturated, heat the mixture gently, digest it in water, 
 and separate the chlorate from the filtered liquid by crystalliza- 
 tion. — Dose, 5 to 15 grains. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, and diuretic. 
 
 Potass^ Citras. Saturate a solution of citric acid with carbo- 
 nate or bicarbonate of potassa, and evaporate to dryness. — Rarely 
 used except in solution. See Liquor Potassse Citratis. 
 
 Potass^e Hydras. L. See Potassa. 
 
 Potassa Hydriodas. See Potassii Iodidum. 
 
 Potassa Hydrocyanas. See Potassii Cyanidum. 
 
 Potass^e Murias. See Potassii Chloridum. 
 
 Potassa Nitras. U. S., L., P., D. The nitre or saltpetre of 
 commerce is chiefly a natural production found in various parts 
 of the earth, but derived mostly from India. In commerce it 
 is known by the name of crude saltpetre. It is purified by 
 dissolving in boiling water, and crystallizing ; it then constitutes 
 refined saltpetre. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, diuretic, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. In fevers of a sthenic character, active hemorrhages ; and in 
 large doses (Jij to Jvj in 24 hours), in acute rheumatism. 
 
 16 
 
182 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Potassa Nitras Purificatum. D. Dissolve 1 part of nitrate 
 of potassa in 2 parts of boiling water ; filter, and set aside to 
 crystallize. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Potassa Nitras Fusa. P. Sal PrunelJe. Fuse nitre in a 
 Hessian crucible, adding 1-12 8 th part of sulphur, and pour out 
 the product on a smooth marble slab, or into moulds. [It is a 
 mixture of nitrate and sulphate of potassa.] 
 
 Potass^ Sulphas. U S., L., E., D. Vitriolated Tartar. Pro- 
 cured by igniting in a crucible the salt which remains in the 
 retort after the production of nitric acid, so as to expel the ex- 
 cess of sulphuric acid ; then dissolve in water and crystallize ; 
 or the excess of acid may be neutralized by carbonate of potassa. 
 — Dose, 9j to 3ss. [It has appeared sometimes to produce 
 poisonous effects.] 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild purgative, and refrigerant. 
 
 Use. In febrile affections. 
 
 Potass^ Sulphas cum Sulphure. E. Sal Polychrest. Mix 
 equal parts of nitre and sulphur ; throw the mixture, in small 
 successive portions, into a red-hot crucible ; and when cool, 
 reduce the salt to powder, and preserve in well-stopped bottles. — 
 Dose, £ss to 5J- 
 
 Med. Prop. Like the preceding. 
 
 Potassa Bisulphas. L., E., D. Dissolve Ibij of the salt which 
 remains after the distillation of nitric acid, in Ovj of boiling 
 water; add to it Ibj (f^vij f3J, E.) of sulphuric acid, and boil 
 down the solution, and set it aside to crystallize. — D. Mix 1 
 part of sulphuric acid with 6 of water, saturate it with carbo- 
 nate of potassa, add another part of sulphuric acid, and evapo- 
 rate, that crystals may form on cooling. — Dose, gr. xx to 3ij, 
 properly diluted. 
 
 Med. Prop. Aperient, and tonic. 
 
 Use. In constipation with loss of appetite. 
 
 Potass^e Tartras. U. S., L., E., D. Soluble Tartar. Dis- 
 solve ^xvj of carbonate of potassa in Oj of water, and gradually 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 183 
 
 add ft>iij, or q. s. of powdered cream of tartar, till perfectly- 
 saturated, and boil. Filter the liquor, evaporate till a pellicle 
 begins to form, and set aside to crystallize. Pour off the liquid, 
 dry the crystals on bibulous paper, and preserve in well-stopped 
 bottles. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild, cooling cathartic. 
 
 Use. In febrile diseases. 
 
 Potassii Bromidum. L. To Ojss of distilled water add gj of 
 iron filings, and then ^ij of bromine. Set aside for half an 
 hour, stirring occasionally ; then apply a gentle heat, and when 
 the liquid becomes greenish add 3 xy ij °f carbonate of potassa, 
 dissolved in Ojss of water. Filter, wash what remains with Oij 
 of boiling water, and filter again ; then evaporate the mixed 
 solutions that crystals may form. — Dose, 2 to 5 grains. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, and resolvent. 
 
 Use. In enlarged spleen ; in bronchocele, and scrofula; externally 
 to scrofulous and other tumours. 
 
 Potassii Chloridum. (Potassse Murias.) To a solution of 
 carbonate of potash, add muriatic acid to saturation ; concentrate 
 the solution by evaporation, and leave it to cool slowly so that 
 crystals may form. — Not used in Medicine. 
 
 Potassii Cyanuretum. U S. Expose gvjij of ferrocyanuret of 
 potassium to a moderate heat, until it becomes nearly white, 
 and perfectly dry; then introduce it into an earthen retort, 
 having its beak loosely stopped, and exposed to a red heat for 2 
 hours, or as long as any gas escapes. Withdraw the retort from 
 the fire, close the orifice with lute, and then let the whole remain 
 till quite cold ; then break the retort, reduce the black mass to 
 powder, and put it into a fjfxij bottle, with f^vj of distilled 
 water. Agitate occasionally for half an hour, filter, evaporate 
 rapidly to dryness, and preserve in closely-stopped bottles. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Hydrocyanic Acid ; poisonous. — Dose, i to £ of 
 a grain. — It is not so liable to decomposition as Hydrocyanic Acid. 
 
 Potassii Ferrocyanuretum. U. S. [Potassii Ferrocyanidum, 
 L., E.~] Prussiate of Potash. Prepared on a large scale by 
 
184 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 calcining animal matters with the pearlash of commerce, occa- 
 sionally adding iron filings; dissolve the calcined mass, after 
 cooling, in water, and then crystallize by evaporation. 
 
 Med. Prop. Said to he sedative to the circulatory and nervous 
 system. — Dose, 10 to 15 grains, three or four times a day. 
 (Dr. Smart.) 
 
 Potassii Iodidum. U. &., L., E. [Potassae Hydriodas, D.~] 
 Mix ^vj of iodine with Oiij of distilled water, and add ^iij of 
 iron filings, stirring frequently with a spatula for half an hour. 
 Heat gently, and when the liquid assumes a greenish colour, 
 add gradually ^iv, or q. s. of carbonate of potassa, previously 
 dissolved in f^viij of distilled water, till it ceases to produce a 
 precipitate. Continue the heat for half an hour, and then filter. 
 Wash the residuum with f^viij, of boiling distilled water, and 
 again filter. Mix the filtered liquors, and evaporate so that 
 crystals may form. Pour off the liquid, and dry the crystals on 
 bibulous paper. — Dose, 2 to 15 grains, three times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Iodine, but rather milder; it increases the secre- 
 tions, especially the urine. 
 
 Use. As an alterative, in tertiary syphilis, scrofula, rheumatism, &c. 
 
 Potassii Sulphuretum. U. S., L., E. [Potassse Sulphure- 
 tum, D.~] Liver of Sulphur. Rub together ^ij of dried car- 
 bonate of potassa, and §j of sulphur; melt the mixture in a 
 covered crucible over the fire ; then pour it out, and when cold, 
 break into pieces, and put into a well-stopped bottle. [It con- 
 sists of a mixture of tersulphuret of potassium and sulphate of 
 potassa.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Sedative; poisonous in large doses. — Dose, 2 to 10 
 grains. 
 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, and gout ; in cutaneous affections ; 
 also as a wash, or ointment, in scabies. 
 
 Potus. Drinks. — Ptisan^e. Ptisanes. These are nearly synony- 
 mous, and include various medicated decoctions, infusions, and 
 solutions, to be taken ad libitum. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 185 
 
 Prinos. U. S. (Sec.) Black Alder. The bark of Prinos verti- 
 cillatus. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and astringent. 
 
 Use. In interniittents, diarrhoea, gangrene, chronic skin diseases, 
 and ill-conditioned ulcers ; also externally. 
 
 Prunum. U.S. [Pruna, L., E. ; Prunus Domestica, D.~\ Prunes. 
 The dried fruit of Prunus domestica. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, and nutritious. 
 
 Use. As an article of diet, in costiveness, especially in convale- 
 scence. 
 
 Prunus Yirginiana. U. S. Wild-cherry Bark. The bark of 
 Cerasus serotina (De Candotte), Cerasus Yirginiana (Michaux). 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, calmative, and sedative. 
 
 Use. In cold infusion, in debility of the digestive organs attended 
 with nervous irritation; in phthisis, hectic fever, and inter- 
 mittents. 
 
 Pulp^e. Pulps are the soft parts of plants, separated from the 
 harder parts by pressing them through a hair sieve. If unripe 
 or dry, they should first be boiled in a little water till they 
 become soft. 
 
 Cassia Fistula Pulpa. U. S. [Cassia, L. ; Cassiae Pulpa, 
 E. ; Cassia Fistula, D.~] Pour boiling water upon bruised purg- 
 ing cassia pods, so that the pulp may be softened ; then strain, 
 first through a coarse sieve, and afterwards through a hair one, 
 and evaporate, by means of a water-bath, to the proper consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Laxative. See Cassia Fistula. 
 
 Pulp^e Caroti. P. Carrot roots are reduced to a pulp by means 
 of a rasp. The tubers of potato, bulb of garlic, &c, are prepared 
 in the same way. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. To form a mild stimulating poultice. 
 
 Pulpje Conii. P. Fresh hemlock is beaten in a marble mortar 
 to a fine paste, and pressed through a hair sieve. All fresh 
 leaves and flowers may be reduced to pulp in the same way. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. To form an anodyne emollient poultice. 
 
 Pruni Pulpa. U. S. Soften prunes in the vapour of boiling 
 
 16* 
 
186 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 water, separate the stones, and beat the remainder in a marble 
 mortar, and press through a hair sieve, 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Prunum. 
 
 Pulpa Ros^E Canin^e. The ripe hips of the dog-rose are to be 
 deprived of their seeds and hairs, and reduced to pulp in the 
 usual way. — P. directs them to be put into an earthen pan, 
 moistened uniformly with white wine, and left in a cool place, 
 stirring them occasionally till' they become soft. They are then 
 beaten and pressed through a sieve. 
 
 Med. Prop. Slightly astringent. 
 
 Tamarindi Pulpa. U.S. [Tamarindus, L., E.; Tamarindus 
 Indica, D.~\ Digest tamarinds with a small quantity of water, 
 till they become of uniform consistence j then separate the seeds 
 and filaments by pressing through a hair sieve. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, and nutritious. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as a diet for the sick and convalescent, in consti- 
 pation. 
 
 Pulveres. Substances are administered in the form of powders 
 which are not given in very large doses, have no corrosive pro- 
 perty, and do not deliquesce rapidly on exposure to the air. 
 When the powder is composed of more than one ingredient, the 
 constituents should, as a general rule, be pulverized separately, 
 and then united. 
 
 Pulvis Aesorrens. (aSjP. Ph.) Carbonate of magnesia 3iv, dried 
 
 subcarbonate of soda 9j, ginger 9j ; mix. 
 Pulvis Aloes Compositus. L., D. Aloes (hepatic, D.) ^jss, 
 
 guaiac ^j, compound powder of cinnamon 3iv; mix. 
 Med. Prop. A warm, stimulant cathartic ; — but little used. 
 
 Pulvis Aloes et Canell^e. U. S. [Pulvis Aloes cum Canella, 
 D.] Hiera Picra. Aloes (hepatic, D.) Ibj, canella bark ^iij; 
 rub separately into fine powder, and mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Warm, cathartic, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. In amenorrhcea. 
 
 Pulvis Alterativus. (Dr. Plummer.) Equal parts of calomel 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 187 
 
 and golden sulphur of antimony, levigated together. [It changes 
 
 by keeping.] 
 Use. In chronic skin diseases, and some forms of scrofula. 
 Pulvis Aluminis Compositus. E. Alum ^iv, kino ^j \ mix. 
 
 — Dose, 5 to 20 grains. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. 
 Use. In diarrhoea, menorrhagia, and hemorrhage from the stomach 
 
 or bowels. [The alum and kino undergo decomposition.] 
 Pulvis Aluminis cum Capsico. (Dr. Turnbull.) Alum 3 
 
 parts, concentrated tincture of capsicum 1 part; mix, dry, and 
 
 again triturate. 
 Use. Applied to the tonsils, in ulcers of a low form, or in gan- 
 grene, as in scarlatina maligna. 
 Pulvis Aluminis Opiatus. (Bouchardat.) Alum Jj, sugar 
 
 5J, opium gr. iv; mix for 12 powders. — Dose, 2 or 3 daily, in 
 
 obstinate diarrhoeas and passive hemorrhages. 
 Pulvis Amyli et Sod^e. Devergie's Alkaline Powder. Mix 
 
 1 part of carbonate of soda, in fine powder, with 10 of white 
 
 starch. 
 Use. Eor external application, in certain skin diseases. 
 
 Pulveres Antacids. Antacid Powders. The following are 
 
 employed : 
 Compound Cretaceous Poivder with Opium. Prepared chalk 3jss, 
 
 cinnamon 3J> long pepper gr. viij, opium gr. vj; mix, and divide 
 
 into 12 powders. — Dose, one 3 or 4 times a day, in diarrhoea. 
 Powder of Crabs' Eyes and Rhubarb. Crabs' eyes (or Testa 
 
 prseparata) 3j, rhubarb 9ij; mix, and divide into 4 powders. — 
 
 Dose, one, once or twice a day, in diarrhoea with acidity. 
 Powder of Soda, Magnesia, &c. Magnesia ^ss, bicarbonate of 
 
 soda and ginger, of each, 9j • mix. — Dose, a small teaspoonful 
 
 occasionally. 
 Powder of Magnesia and Columbo. Magnesia 3J SS ; powdered 
 
 columbo 3J J m i x ? and divide into 6 powders. — Dose, one 3 
 
 times a day in sugar and water, in cardialgia. 
 
188 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pulveres Anthelmintics. Anthelmintic Powders. The fol- 
 lowing are approved : 
 
 Powder of Calomel and Gamboge. Calomel gr. v, gamboge gr. 
 vj — x; mix. — The whole to be taken for an adult, in syrup, early 
 in the morning. 
 
 Powder of Calomel and Pink-root Calomel gr. iv, powdered 
 spigelia gr. x j mix. — To be taken two mornings successively, 
 and followed by a purgative. For a child over 4 years old. 
 
 Powder of Pink-root, Senna, and .Savine. Powdered spigelia and 
 senna, of each, 9ij, powdered savine gr. xij ; mix, and divide 
 into 6 powders. — Dose, one every morning until three are taken, 
 followed by a dose of castor oil. 
 
 Powder of Male Fern. This may be given in the dose of Jj — iij ? 
 in a teacupful of any distilled water, early in the morning; 
 to be followed in the course of two hours by a brisk purgative. 
 In taenia. (Nouffer.) 
 
 Powder of Cochineal and Common Salt. (Dr. Rush.) Chloride 
 of sodium 3iij, powdered cochineal gr. xv; divide into 6 doses. — 
 One every morning, following the last dose with a cathartic. 
 
 Pulvis Antimonialis. E. y D. [Pulvis Antimonii Compositus, 
 L.~\ Sesquisulphuret of antimony Ibj, hartshorn shavings Ibij 
 (an equal quantity, E.~) ; mix, and throw them into a crucible 
 red-hot in the fire, and stir constantly till vapour no longer 
 rises. Rub what remains to powder, and put it into a proper 
 crucible j then apply heat, and raise it to redness, and keep it 
 so for 2 hours. Rub the residue to a very fine powder. [Made 
 in imitation of James's Powder.] 
 
 Med. Prop. As tartar emetic, but very uncertain. 
 
 Use. In fevers, and inflammations. 
 
 Pulvis Aromaticus. U S., E., D. [Pulvis Cinnamomi Com- 
 positus, L.~] Cinnamon and ginger, each, ^ij, cardamoms, de- 
 prived of the capsules, and nutmeg, each, ^j j rub together to 
 a very fine powder. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and carminative. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, with flatulence ; chiefly as an adjuvant. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 189 
 
 Pulvis Arsenicalis. See Pulvis Escharoticus Arsenicalis. 
 
 Pulveres Astringentes. Astringent Powders. 
 
 Compound Powder of Alum. Alum 9j, kino gr. v; divide into 
 5 powders. — Dose, one every 2 hours. 
 
 Powder of Sugar of Lead and Calomel. Acetate of lead gr. ss — j, 
 calomel gr. j — ij ; inix, and divide into 4 powders. — Dose, one 
 every 3 hours, in cholera infantum. 
 
 Powder of Alum and Opium. Alum 3ss, powdered opium gr. iij ; 
 divide into 6 powders. — Dose, one every 3 or 4 hours, in 
 diarrhoea. 
 
 Pulvis Asari Compositus. D. Dried asarabacca leaves gj, 
 dried lavender flowers £j : rub together to a fine powder. — A 
 good errhine. 
 
 Pulvis Belladonna Compositus. (Hecker.) Belladonna gr. 
 j — iij, musk gr. v, camphor gr. v, white sugar Jss; m ix, for 8 
 powders. — (Kopp.) Belladonna root gr. ij, ipecac, gr. ij, sul- 
 phur gr. xxxij, sugar of milk gr. xxxij ; mix, for 8 powders. 
 — Dose, 3 daily, in hooping-cough. 
 
 Pulvis Calamine cum Myrrha. (St. B. H.) Equal parts 
 
 of calamine and myrrh. 
 Use. For sprinkling over ulcers. 
 
 Pulvis Calomelanos Arsenicalis. (Dupuytren.) One part 
 of arsenious acid intimately mixed with 199 parts of calomel. 
 [Other proportions are used.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and mild escharotic. 
 
 Use. Applied to cancerous sores, lupus, &c. 
 
 Pulvis Calumba Compositus. Columbo %j } rhubarb 3ss, dried 
 
 carbonate of soda Jij, ginger 5J- 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, laxative, and antacid. 
 Use. An excellent remedy in dyspepsia with acidity. 
 
 Pulvis Calumba et Ferri. (Dr. Copland.) Potassio-tartrate 
 
 of iron gr. x to xv, columbo gr. xij to xx j mix. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 Use. In dyspepsia with amenorrhea, and chlorosis. 
 
190 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pulvis Camphors. P. Camphor is readily pulverized by 
 
 triturating it with the addition of a few drops of alcohol. 
 Pulvis pro Cataplasmate. D. Linseed meal 1 part, oatmeal 
 
 2 parts j mix. 
 Use. For making an emollient poultice. 
 Pulveres Cathartics. Cathartic Powders. The following 
 
 are among the most approved : 
 Powder of Calomel and Jalap. Calomel gr. v — x, powdered jalap 
 
 gr. x — xv. To be given in molasses or syrup. 
 Powder of Calomel and Rhubarb. Calomel gr. v — x, powdered 
 
 rhubarb gr. x — xv. To be given as the former. 
 Powder of Jalap and Cream of Tartar. Cream of tartar 3ij> 
 
 powdered jalap 3J- To be divided into 6 powders. — Dose, 1 
 
 every two hours, in molasses. 
 Compound Powder of Jalap. As the former, with the addition 
 
 of gr. vj of gamboge. To be used in the same manner. 
 Powder of Sulphur and Cream of Tartar. Sulphur ^ss, cream 
 
 of tartar 3J ; to be mixed in molasses. Dose, a teaspoonful 
 
 three or four times daily. 
 Powder of Milk of Sulphur and Magnesia. Milk of sulphur and 
 
 calcined magnesia, each, j|ss. To be used as the last ; in cos- 
 
 tiveness with acidity. 
 Pulvis Cetacei. Spermaceti is pulverized as camphor. 
 Pulvis Cinchona Compositus. (Dr. Chapman.) Powdered 
 
 cinchona bark ^ss, pulverized serpentaria 3j, bicarbonate of 
 
 soda 3ss; mix, and divide into 4 powders. — Dose, 1 every three 
 
 or four hours, in intermittent fevers. [The efficacy of Peruvian 
 
 bark is increased by the above additions.] 
 Pulvis Cinnamomi Compositus. L. Cinnamon |ij, cardamom 
 
 gjss, ginger ^j, long pepper ^ss; mix. See Pulvis Aromaticus. 
 Pulvis Crets Compositus. L., E., D. Prepared chalk Ibss, 
 
 cinnamon ^iv, tormentil and gum Arabic, each, ^iij, long pepper 
 
 j|ss. Rub separately into very fine powder, and then mix them. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and aromatic. 
 Use. In diarrhoea with acidity. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 191 
 
 Pulvis Cret^e Compositus cum Opio. L., E., D. Compound 
 chalk powder Jfvjss (^vj, J3S), opium 9iv; mix very accurately. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea with acidity ; as the preceding. 
 
 Pulvis Dentifricus. P. Red bole §iij, coral ^ iij, sepia bone 
 ^iij, dragon's blood ^jss, cochineal 3iij, cream of tartar ^ivss, 
 cinnamon Jvj, cloves Jj; a U to ^ e very finely powdered and 
 mixed. — A few more formulae for dentifrices are here added : 
 Aromatic calamus 3iv, charcoal Jj, soap %,), oil of cloves T^xij. 
 — Venetian talc ^iv, bicarbonate of soda %j, carmine gr. v, oil 
 of mint gr. x. — Charcoal 4 parts, cinchona 2 parts, myrrh 1 
 part. — Cinchona ^ij, orris powder ^j, muriate of ammonia ^ss, 
 catechu Jvj, myrrh Jvj, oil of cloves n^vij. — Camphorated 
 chalk is made by mixing 1 part of finely pulverized camphor 
 with from 3 to 7 parts of prepared chalk. 
 
 Use. As tooth-powders. 
 
 Pulvis Depilatorius. (Plenk.) Quicklime 3xij, starch Jx, 
 yellow sulphuret of arsenic 5J j to be mixed with water, when 
 used, and the paste left on to dry. — (Rayer.) Lime %j, car- 
 bonate of potash §ij ; charcoal Jj. 
 
 Use. For the removal of the hair. 
 
 Pulveres Diaphoretics. Diaphoretic Powders. The follow- 
 ing may be used : 
 
 Powder of Nitrate of Potassa, Calomel, and Tartar Emetic. 
 (Nitrous Powders.) Nitrate of potassa 3J? calomel gr. vj, 
 tartar emetic gr. ss — gr. j ; to be divided into six powders. — 
 Dose, 1 every 2 hours, in febrile affections not of a low form, 
 and without irritation of the stomach. 
 
 Poioder of Opium, Ipecacuanha, Calomel, and Nitre. Opium 
 gr. iij, ipecac, gr. vj, calomel gr. jss, nitrate of potassa £ss; to 
 be divided into 6 powders. — Dose, 1 three times a day. 
 
 Powder of Guaiac, &c. G-uaiac and nitrate of potassa, of each, 
 3j, ipecac, gr. iij, opium gr. ij j to be made into 6 powders. — 
 Dose, 1 three times a day. 
 Use. In acute rheumatism, after proper depletion. 
 
 Dover's Powders. See Pulv. Ipecac, et Opii. 
 
192 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Powders of Calomel, Opium, and Ipecacuanha. (Dr. Chapman.) 
 Calomel gr. xvj, opium gr. iv, ipecac, gr. viij ; to be divided 
 into 8 powders. — Dose, 1 every hour or two hours, till slight 
 ptyalism is produced. 
 
 Use. In dysentery, &c. 
 
 Pulveres Diuretics. Diuretic Powders. The following may 
 be used : 
 
 Powder of Calomel, Squill, and Digitalis. Calomel, squill, and 
 digitalis, each, gr. xij ; divide into 12 powders. — Dose, 1 three 
 times a day, till slight ptyalism is produced ', in dropsy. 
 
 Poioder of Uva JJrsi and Soda. Powdered uva ursi 3jss, bicar- 
 bonate of soda 5J; to be divided into 12 powders. — Dose, 1 
 three times a day ; to be taken in sugar and water. 
 
 Use. In nephritic complaints. 
 
 Powder of Squill and Nitrate of Potassa. Powdered squill gr. 
 vj, nitrate of potassa Jj ; to be divided into 6 powders. — Dose, 
 1 three times a day ; to be taken in sugar and water. 
 
 Pulvis Doveri. See Pulp. Ipecac, et Opii. 
 
 Pulveres Effervescentes. E. Soda Powders. Divide ^j 
 of tartaric acid, and 534 grs. of bicarbonate of soda (or 640 
 grs. of bicarbonate of potash), each, separately, into 16 powders. 
 To be kept in papers of different colours ; and when used, to be 
 dissolved in separate glasses, half full of water, and mixed. 
 [The more usual proportions are 25 grs. of tartaric acid and 30 
 of the soda.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant. 
 
 Pulveres Effervescentes Aperientes. Seidlitz Powders. 
 Rochelle salts 3ij, bicarbonate of soda 9ij, in one paper; tar- 
 taric acid 3ss, in the other paper. To be taken as the preceding. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Refrigerant, and gently laxative ) — in sick 
 headache, slight constipation, &c. 
 
 Pulveres Effervescentes cum Ferro. Dried sulphate of iron 
 3ss, white sugar ^\\], tartaric acid 3jss; mix, and divide into 
 12 powders. Bicarbonate of soda 3ij, white sugar 3iij ; mix, 
 and divide into 12 powders. To be taken as the preceding. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 193 
 
 Pulveres Effervescentes cum Zingibere. Ginger-beer 
 Powders. Ginger 3J, bicarbonate of soda Jvj, wbite sugar %xx, 
 essence of lemon gtt. vj ; mix, and divide into 12 powders. The 
 other papers contain Jss f tartaric acid in each. To be taken 
 as the preceding. 
 
 Med. Prop. Gently stimulant, and antiemetic. 
 
 Pulvis Emeticus. (Dr. Wood.) Tartar emetic gr. j, powdered 
 ipecacuanha 9 j . To be taken in a wineglassful of water. 
 
 Med. Prop. A prompt and efficient emetic. 
 
 Pulveres Emmenagog^:. Emmenagogue Powders. The fol- 
 lowing are frequently employed : 
 
 Powder of Hiera Picra. See Pulvis Aloes et Canellse. 
 
 Powder of Savin, &c. Dried savin, in powder, 3J> powdered 
 ginger Jj, sulphate of potassa 3ij ) divide into 6 powders. — 
 Dose, one twice a day. 
 
 Powder of Savin and Cantharides. Powdered savin Jj, powdered 
 cantharides gr. ij ; mix, and divide into 4 powders. — Dose, one 
 every night. 
 
 Powdered Ergot may be given in the dose of 10 grains, morning 
 and night. 
 
 Pulvis Escharoticus Arsenicalis. P. Red sulphuret of mer- 
 cury £iv, dragon's blood %iv, levigated arsenious acid Jij ; mix 
 accurately. [Other authorities direct less arsenic] To be 
 moistened when using it. 
 
 Pulvis Escharoticus Aluminosus. Sharp's Pulvis Angelicus. 
 Burnt alum and red precipitate, equal parts. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild escharotic. 
 
 Pulveres Expectorantle. Expectorant Powders. The fol- 
 lowing are most approved : 
 
 Powder of Myrrh, &c. Powdered myrrh gr. xij, ipecacuanha gr. 
 vj, nitrate of potassa 3ss; mix, and divide into 4 powders. — 
 Dose, one every 4 hours. 
 
 Powder of Opium, Ipecacuanha, &c. Opium gr. iij, ipecacuanha 
 gr. iij — vj, nitrate of potassa £j, calomel gr. iij ; mix, and divide 
 into 6 powders. — Dose, one every 2 or 3 hours, in syrup. 
 
 17 
 
194 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pulvis Febrifugus. Nitrous Powders. Nitrate of potash £j, 
 tartar emetic gr. j, calomel gr. vj ; divide into 6 powders. — 
 Dose, one every 2 or 3 hours. [The proportion of the mercurial 
 may be diminished.] 
 
 Pulvis Ferri Compositus. (Dr. Neligan.) Saccharated car- 
 bonate of iron Jss, myrrh gr. xxiv, aromatic powder ^ss; mix, 
 for 12 doses. 
 
 Use. In protracted infantile diarrhoea. 
 
 Pulvis Ferri et Ipecacuanha. (Dr. Ashwell.) Carbonate 
 of iron gr. viij, ipecacuanha gr. j, mercury with chalk gr. ij. 
 
 Use. Once or twice daily, in anemia. 
 
 Pulvis Ferro-Carbonicus. (Dauvergne.) Sulphate of iron 
 10 parts, charcoal 35 parts; mix. 
 
 Used, externally, in sychosis menti. 
 
 Pulvis Ipecacuanha et Opii. U. S. [Pulvis Ipecacuanha 
 Compositus, L., P., D.~] Dover's Powder. Opium and ipe- 
 cacuanha, in powder, each, £j, sulphate of potash ^j; rub them 
 together to a very fine powder. [The Pulvis Doveri, P., comes 
 nearer to the original form : sulphate of potash ^iv, nitrate of 
 potash ^iv, ipecacuanha, extract of opium, liquorice root, each, 
 
 »•] 
 
 Med. Prop. An admirable anodyne diaphoretic. 
 Use. In the phlegmasia generally, after proper depletion; in 
 dysentery, diarrhoea, and hemorrhages. 
 
 Pulvis Jacobi. See Pulvis Antimonialis. 
 
 Pulvis Jalapa Compositus. U. S., L., P., D. Powdered 
 jalap 3j, cream of tartar ^ij. — Dose, 3ss to £j. 
 
 Med. Prop. An active hydragogue cathartic. 
 
 Use. In inflammatory dropsies, and scrofulous diseases of the 
 joints. 
 
 Pulvis Kino Compositus. L., D. Kino £xv, cinnamon ^ss, 
 hard opium Jj ; rub them separately to a very fine powder, and 
 then mix them. [Twenty grains contain one grain of opium.] 
 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 195 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and slightly narcotic. 
 
 Use. In chronic dysentery and diarrhoea, and in passive hemor- 
 rhages. 
 
 Pulvis pro Cataplasm ate. D. Flaxseed which remains after 
 the expression of the oil, 1 part, oatmeal 2 parts. [The un- 
 pressed flaxseed meal is preferable.] 
 
 Pulvis Rhei Compositus. E. Gregory's Powder. Magnesia 
 Ibj, powdered ginger ^ij, powdered rhubarb ^iv; mix thoroughly, 
 and preserve in well-stopped bottles. — Dose, gr. v — x, for a 
 child two or three years old. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, cordial, and antacid. 
 
 Use. In infantile colic, and diarrhoea. 
 
 Pulvis Salinus Compositus. E., D. Pure chloride of sodium 
 %iv, sulphate of magnesia ^iv, sulphate of potash ^iij. Dry 
 the salts separately, and triturate them together. — Dose, Jij to 
 gss. 
 
 Med. Prop. Aperient. 
 
 Use. In costive habits. 
 
 Pulvis Salinus Anticholericus. (Dr. Stevens.) Chlorate 
 of potash gr. vij, muriate of soda gr. xx, carbonate of soda Jss j 
 mix, for one dose. — (Dr. O'Shaughnessy.) Phosphate of soda 
 gr. x, chloride of sodium gr. x, carbonate of soda gr. v, sulphate 
 of soda gr. x ; mix for one dose. 
 
 Use. In cholera, with a view of supplying the saline elements to 
 the blood. 
 
 Pulvis Scammonii Compositus. L., E., D. Scammony, dried 
 extract of jalap, each ^ij, ginger gss; rub separately to a very 
 fine powder, and mix. — Dose, gr. x — xx. \E. directs equal 
 parts of scammony and cream of tartar to be mixed together. — 
 Dose, gr. xx — xxx.] 
 
 Med. Prop. An active cathartic. 
 
 Pulvis. Spongle. D. Beat the sponge, cut it into small pieces, 
 and burn it in a covered iron vessel until it becomes black and 
 friable ; then reduce it to powder. 
 
 Med. Prop. Similar to Iodine, upon which its virtues depend. 
 
 Use. In goitre, and scrofulous glandular swellings. 
 
196 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Pulvis Stanni. U. S., E., D., P. Melt pure tin in an iron 
 ladle, pour it into a warm iron mortar, and triturate it lightly 
 with a warm pestle ; separate the powder by a sieve, and treat 
 the remainder as before. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. To expel tape-worm. 
 
 Pulvis Sternutatorius. (See Pulvis Asari Comp.) — Boeli's 
 Cephalic Snuff. Valerian ^ij, tobacco 3ij, oil of lavender gtt. 
 iij, oil of marjoram gtt. iij ; mix. — (Pearson.) Asarabacca 3jss, 
 marum Jjss, hellebore 5J ) make into a very fine powder.— 
 (Mialhe.) Sugar candy ^j, veratrine gr. j — ij j mix accurately. 
 
 Med. Prop. Irritant to the Schneiderian mucous membrane. 
 
 Use. As an errhine. 
 
 Pulvis Sulphuris Compositus. (Ratier.) Sulphur, cream 
 of tartar, each ^j, white sugar q. s. — Van Mon's Antidysenteric 
 Poicder. Sulphur ^j, fennel seed 3J> white sugar ^ij, gum 
 Arabic ^ij ; mix. — Swediaur's Pectoral Powder. Sulphur ^ss, 
 liquorice ^j, orris Jij, benzoic acid 9j, white sugar ^ij, oils of 
 anise and fennel, each, gtt. x. 
 
 Pulveres Tonics. Tonic Powders. The following are much 
 used : 
 
 Powder of Columbo, Iron, &c. Powdered columbo, subcarbonate 
 of iron, rhubarb, and ginger, of each 5J \ m i x > and divide into 
 12 powders. — Dose, 1 three times a day ; in dyspepsia. 
 
 Poivder of Columbo and Tartrate of Iron. Powdered columbo 
 Jss, tartrate of iron and potassa 9ij ; mix and divide into 4 
 powders. — Dose, 1 every three or four hours, mixed in syrup. 
 
 Powder of Peruvian Bark, Snake-root, &c. Powdered cinchona 
 ^ss, serpentaria 3J> bicarbonate of soda 9ij ; divide into 
 4 powders. — Dose, 1 every two or three hours, in obstinate in- 
 termittents. 
 
 Pulvis Tragacanth^s Compositus. L., E. Tragacanth ^jss, 
 gum Arabic gjss, starch ^jss, white sugar 5 iij. Powder sepa- 
 rately and mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly for mixing heavy insoluble powders. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 197 
 
 Pyrethrum. U. S. (Sec), L. y E., D. Pellitory. The root of 
 
 Antheniis Pyrethrum. 
 Med. Prop. A powerful irritant. 
 Use. Exclusively as a sialagogue in neuralgia of the face, and 
 
 toothache, &c. 
 
 Quassia. U. S.,L., E. [Quassia Excelsa, Z>.] Quassia. The 
 wood of Quassia excelsa. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Those of the pure bitter tonics. 
 
 Quassina. Quassine is the active principle of Quassia. 
 
 Quercus Alba. U. S. White-oak Bark. The bark of Quercus 
 alba. 
 
 Med. Prop. A good astringent, and somewhat tonic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly externally, for a gargle in inflamed throat, and as a 
 bath for children in marasmus and chronic diarrhoea; also as a 
 wash for flabby ulcers. 
 
 Quercus Tinctoria. U. 8. Black-oak Bark. The bark of 
 Quercus tinctoria. [The Br. Phars. recognise the barks of 
 Quercus robur and Q. pedunculata.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to the preceding; but the 
 black-oak bark may produce irritation of the bowels, in conse- 
 quence of containing quercitrin. 
 
 Quina vel Quinia. Quinine is procured by adding to a solution 
 of the sulphate (disulphate) a solution of ammonia, in sufficient 
 quantity to throw down the alkaloid; wash this with warm 
 water, and dry it. To procure it in crystals, dissolve it in the 
 smallest possible quantity of alcohol, and allow it to evaporate 
 spontaneously in a warm place. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. See Quinise Sulphas. 
 
 Quina Impura. Coloured Quinine. Quinine Brute. Exhaust 
 Peruvian bark by boiling it in water acidulated with muriatic 
 acid ; neutralize the decoction with milk of lime ; dry the pre- 
 cipitate, and boil it repeatedly with rectified spirit ; mix, and 
 filter the solution, and distil off the spirit. The residue is im- 
 
 17* 
 
198 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 pure quinine, which M. Trousseau considers superior to the 
 sulphate. 
 
 Quin^: Acetas. P. Mix 100 parts of quinine with 150 parts 
 of distilled water ; heat the mixture, and add as much acetic 
 acid as will dissolve the quinine, and render the solution slightly 
 acid. Filter boiling, and set it aside to crystallize. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Quiniae Sulphas. 
 
 Quinje Arsenias. (Bourieres.) Dissolve 5jss of arsenic acid 
 in ^yj of water; add $v of pure quinine, and boil till the quinine 
 is dissolved. Let the clear solution cool till crystals form, which 
 purify by recrystallization. — Dose, -i-th of a grain. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Arsenic. 
 
 Use. In obstinate intermittents, but inferior to arsenic. 
 
 Quinine Citras. P. As Quinse acetas ; substituting citric acid. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Quinias Sulphas. 
 
 Quinje et Ferri Citras. See Ferri et Quinse Citras. 
 
 Quin.33 et Ferri Iodidum. (Bouchard at.) Pour a strong 
 solution of acid sulphate of quinine into a fresh solution of 
 iodide of iron. Collect the precipitate, dry it quickly by press- 
 ing it between blotting paper, and protect it from the air. 
 
 Med. Prop. Similar to Ferri Iodidum. 
 
 Quix^: Iodidum. (Bighini.) Add, by drops, a solution of 24 
 parts of iodide of potassium in 8 of water, to a strong solution 
 of 20 parts of bisulphate of quinine. "Wash the precipitate 
 quickly, and dry it in the shade. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, alterative, and resolvent. 
 
 Use. In scrofulous enlargements of the glands. — Dose, gr. ss, to 
 gr- jj- 
 
 Quince Murias vel Hydrochloras. P. Disulphate of quinine 
 10 parts, chloride of barium 3 parts ; dissolve separately in boil- 
 ing distilled water ; mix the solutions, filter, evaporate till crys- 
 tals begin to form on the surface, and set it aside to crystallize. 
 [It may also be made by saturating dilute muriatic acid with 
 quinine.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Quiniae Sulphas. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 199 
 
 Quince Nitras. P. In the same way as the muriate, substitu- 
 ting the nitrate of barytes, for the chloride of barium. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Quinise Sulphas. 
 
 Quinine Sulphas. U. S., P., P., P. [Quinse Disulphas, L.~\ 
 Coarsely powdered yellow Calisaya bark Ibiv, muriatic acid f^iij, 
 lime, in powder, %v, water Cong, v, sulphuric acid, alcohol, 
 animal charcoal, each, q. s. Boil the bark in one-third of the 
 water, mixed with one-third of the muriatic acid, and strain 
 through linen. Boil the residue twice successively with the 
 same quantity of acid and water as before, and strain ; mix the 
 decoctions, and, while hot, gradually add the lime previously 
 mixed with 2 pints of water, stirring constantly until the quinia 
 is completely precipitated. "Wash the precipitate with distilled 
 water, and having pressed and dried it, digest in boiling alcohol, 
 repeating the digestion several times, till the spirit is no longer 
 bitter. Mix the liquors, and distil off the alcohol until a brown 
 viscid mass remains. Remove this from the vessel, and pour on 
 it Cong, ss of distilled water, heat it to the boiling point, and 
 add sulphuric acid q. s. to dissolve the impure alkali. Then 
 boil the solution with ^jss of animal charcoal, for two minutes, 
 filter while hot, and set aside to crystallize. Should the liquid 
 before nitration be entirely neutral, acidulate very slightly with 
 sulphuric acid ; if decidedly acid, add more animal charcoal. 
 Separate the crystals from the liquor, dissolve them in boiling 
 water slightly acidulated with sulphuric acid, add a little animal 
 charcoal, filter, and set aside to crystallize. Wrap the crystals 
 in bibulous paper, and dry them with a gentle heat. [L. directs 
 the bark to be boiled with water and sulphuric acid, and the 
 alkali to be precipitated with oxide of lead ; P. directs sulphuric 
 acid, and the alkali to be thrown down by carbonate of soda j 
 D. directs sulphuric acid, and the quinia to be precipitated by 
 lime.] 
 
 Med. Prop. It possesses the valuable tonic and febrifuge proper- 
 ties of the Peruvian bark, which it has almost superseded, since 
 it can be given in much smaller doses, and is better borne by 
 
200 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 the stomach. Twelve grains are about equivalent to one ounce 
 of good bark. 
 
 Use. In all intermittent diseases, remittent fevers, especially of 
 the malignant type, (the latter require very large doses,) also 
 as a tonic, in typhoid diseases, suppurations, &c. 
 
 Quince Sulphas Neutralis. /Soluble Sulphate of Quinine. 
 Dissolve ^j of disulphate (sulphate) of quinia in distilled water 
 acidulated with fjss of sulphuric acid, by the aid of heat, filter 
 while hot, and crystallize by refrigeration. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. It is a supersulphate. 
 
 Quince Tannas. To a solution of any soluble salt of quinine add 
 a solution of tannic acid ; wash the precipitate with a little cold 
 water, and dry it. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Asserted by Dr. Ronander, to be a very 
 efficient febrifuge \ but it may be regarded as a superfluous pre- 
 paration. 
 
 Quince Tartras. P. As the acetate, substituting tartaric acid. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the Sulphate. 
 
 Quince Valerianas. (Prince L. L. Bonaparte.) To a cold 
 solution of valerianic acid in distilled water, add a concentrated 
 solution of quinine in strong alcohol to saturation, and evaporate 
 spontaneously, or by a very moderate heat, till crystals are 
 formed. — Dose. gr. ss, every 2 hours, in epilepsy ■, hemicrania, &c. 
 
 Ranunculus. U. S., (Sec.) Crowfoot. The cormus and herb 
 
 of Ranunculus bulbosus. 
 Med. Prop. Acrid, and irritant. 
 Use. Externally, as a rubefacient. 
 Resin A. U. S., L., P., D. The residuum after the distillation 
 
 of the volatile oil from the turpentines. 
 Med. Prop. Slightly stimulant. 
 
 Use. Externally, in the composition of plasters and cerates. 
 Resina Cannabis. Cannabine. The active principle of Indian 
 
 hemp (Cannabis Indica). 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The genuine cannabin, as found in India, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 201 
 
 appears to possess very decided narcotic properties of a sedative 
 character. It has been used successfully in the treatment of 
 traumatic tetanus, and other convulsive diseases. 
 
 Re sin A Jalaps. P. Macerate powdered jalap root with re- 
 peated portions of rectified spirit till exhausted ; filter, and distil 
 the mixed tinctures; mix the residue with 20 or 30 times its 
 weight of warm water, wash the resinous matter, and dissolve it 
 in a little rectified spirit ; then spread it on plates, and dry in 
 a stove, till it becomes brittle. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Jalap, but more active in its operation. 
 
 Rhamnus. L. [Rhamni Baccse, E. ; Rhamnus Catharticus, D.~\ 
 Buckthorn Berries. The fruit of Rhamnus catharticus. 
 
 Med. Prop. An irritant cathartic. — Very seldom employed. 
 
 Rhein. The supposed active purgative principle of rhubarb. 
 
 Rheum. U. S., L., E., D. Rhubarb. The root of Rheum pal- 
 
 matum, and other species of Rheum. 
 Med. Prop. Purgative, stomachic, and astringent. 
 Use. As a purge, in typhous complaints, diarrhoea, and dysentery ; 
 
 also in costiveness. 
 Rheum Ustum. (Mr. Hoblyn.) Heat powdered rhubarb in 
 
 an iron vessel, with constant stirring, till it becomes nearly 
 
 black; then smother it in a covered jar. — Dose, gr. v — x, as an 
 
 astringent in diarrhoea. 
 
 Rhceas. L., E. [Papaver Rhoeas, Z>.] Red Poppy. The petals 
 
 of Papaver Rhceas. 
 Med. Prop. Very slightly narcotic. 
 Use. Chiefly to impart a fine red colour. 
 
 Rhus G-labrum. U. S. (Sec.) Sumach. The fruit of Rhus 
 
 glabrum. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and refrigerant. 
 Use. As a cooling drink in fevers ; an infusion of the inner 
 
 bark is useful as a gargle, in the mercurial sore mouth. 
 Rob. A name sometimes given to the inspissated juices of fruits. 
 
202 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Rosa Canina. L., D. [Rosae Fructus, E.~] Dog-rose. Hips. 
 
 Fruit of Rosa canina. 
 Med. Prop. Nearly inert. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an agreeable vehicle for other medicines. 
 Rosa Centifolia. U. S., L., E., D. Hundred-leaved Rose. 
 
 The petals of Rosa centifolia. 
 Med. Prop. Slightly laxative. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in the preparation of rose-water. See Aqua Rosae. 
 Rosa (tallica. U S., L., P., D. Red Roses. The unexpanded 
 
 petals of Rosa G-allica. 
 Med. Prop. Slightly astringent, and tonic. 
 Use. In infusion, as a pleasant vehicle for tonic and astringent 
 
 medicines. 
 Rosmarinus. U. S., L., P. [Rosmarinus Officinalis, D.~] Rose- 
 
 mavy. The tops of Rosmarinus officinalis. 
 Med. Prop. G-ently stimulant, and reputed emmenagogue. 
 Use. Scarcely employed, except as an adjunct. 
 
 Rubia. U. S. (Sec.) [Rubia Tinctorum, D.] Madder. The 
 
 root of Rubia tinctorum. 
 Med. Prop. Emmenagogue, and diuretic. 
 
 Use. In amenorrhea, dropsy, and jaundice; but chiefly as a dye. 
 Rubigo Ferri. See Ferri Rubigo. 
 
 Rubus Trivialis. U S. (Sec.) Dewberry-root. The root of 
 
 Rubus trivialis. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and tonic. 
 Use. An excellent indigenous astringent, in chronic diarrhoeas. 
 
 Rubus Villosus. U. S. (Sec.) Blackberry-root. The root of 
 
 Rubus villosus. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Rumex. L. [Rumex Acetosa, D.~\ Sorrel. The leaves of 
 
 Rumex acetosa [and R. acetosella]. 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, and diuretic. 
 Use. In scorbutic complaints, and as a drink in fevers. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 203 
 
 Rumex Aquaticus. D. Water Dock Root. The root of Rumex 
 
 aquaticus. 
 Med. Prop. A mild tonic, and astringent. 
 Use. In some cutaneous eruptions. 
 
 Rumex Britannica. U. S. (Sec.) Water Dock,. The root 
 
 of Rumex Britannica. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Rumex Obtusifolius. U S. (Sec.) Blunt-leaved Dock. The 
 
 root of Rumex obtusifolius. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Rumex Aquaticus. 
 
 Ruta. U S. (Sec), L., E. [Ruta Graveolens, D.~\ Rue. The 
 leaves of Ruta graveolens. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, antispasmodic, and increases the secre- 
 tions. 
 
 Use. In hysteria, flatulent colic, and amenorrhoea. 
 
 Sabadilla. U. S., L.j E. Cevadilla. The seeds of Veratrum 
 
 Sabadilla. 
 Med. Prop. An acid emeto-cathartic. 
 Use. In taenia. 
 
 Sabatia. U. S. American Centaury. The herb of Sabatia 
 
 angularis. 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 Use. In infusion, as a prophylactic in intermittent and remittent 
 
 fevers ; also in convalescence. 
 
 Sabina. U S., L., E. [Juniperus Sabina, D.~\ Savine. The 
 tops of Juniperus Sabina. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, anthelmintic ; 
 externally, rubefacient. 
 
 Use. In amenorrhoea of an enfeebled character ; chronic rheuma- 
 tism ; externally, as a cerate, to blistered surfaces to maintain 
 the discharge. 
 
 Saccharum. U S., L. [Saccharum Purum, E. ; Saccharum 
 
204 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Oflicinarum, D.] Sugar. The sugar of Saccharum omcinarum, 
 refined. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. In making mixtures, and other pharmaceutical preparations. 
 
 Sacchara. Medicated Sugars are usually made by moistening 
 refined sugar with a strong alcoholic, ethereal, or aqueous solution 
 of a medicinal substance, drying it very gradually, and after- 
 wards reducing it to powder. Or, they are mere mixtures of 
 sugar with other substances. A mixture of an essential oil with 
 sugar is termed Oleosaccharum. 
 
 Saccharum Commune. E. Brown Sugar. Impure sugar, 
 from Saccharum officinarurn. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild laxative. 
 
 Use. As an article of diet, in constipation. 
 
 Saccharum Lactis. Sugar of Milk. Clarify whey by white of 
 egg, and carefully evaporate the strained liquid by a gentle 
 heat, that it may crystallize on cooling. Purify by animal 
 charcoal and repeated crystallizations. — Not used in medicine. 
 
 Sacchari F^ex. L., E. [Syrupus Empyreumaticus, DJ] Mo- 
 lasses. The liquid residue after the crystallization of sugar 
 from Saccharum ofiicinarum. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Saccharum Commune. 
 
 Sacculi. Sachets. Little bags containing dry substances, com- 
 monly in coarse powder, used as local applications. Sometimes 
 they are moistened with spirits, &c. 
 
 Sacculus Aromaticus. Spice Plaster. Cloves, cinnamon, all- 
 spice, of each, in powder, gj, ginger, in powder, Jij ; to be 
 quilted between folds of flannel, and wet with hot spirits. 
 
 Use. Applied to the epigastrium, to relieve vomiting. 
 
 Sagapenum. L., D. A gum-resin, the product of an unknown 
 
 plant. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and antispasmodic. 
 Use. In amenorrhoea, hysteria, and chlorosis; externally, as a 
 
 plaster, to indolent tumours. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 205 
 
 Sago. U. S., L., E. Sago is the prepared fecula of the pith of 
 Sagus Rumphii, or Sago Palm. 
 
 Med. Prop. Nutritive, and demulcent. 
 Use. As an article of diet. 
 
 Sal Absinthii. Salt of Wormwood is now believed to he iden- 
 tical with carbonate of potassa. 
 
 Sal ^Eratus. The name given in the U. S. to a salt made by 
 placing the carbonate of potassa in a brewer's vat. Its compo- 
 sition is between the carbonate and bicarbonate of potassa. 
 
 Sal Acetosell^. Salt of Sorrel, or Binoxalate of Potassa. 
 
 Sal Tartari. Salt of Tartar. See Potassae Carbonas. 
 
 Salicina. P. Salicine, the active principle of willow-bark, is 
 procured by adding to a strong decoction of that bark, milk of 
 lime } filter, evaporate the liquor to a syrupy consistence, add 
 alcohol to separate the gummy matter, filter, distil off the spirit, 
 evaporate the residuum, and set aside to crystallize. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and febrifuge. 
 
 Use. As a substitute for Quinia, but very inferior. 
 
 Salix. U. S. (Sec), E., D. Willow. The bark of Salix alba, 
 (and of S. caprea and S. fragilis, E. } D.) 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Salicina. 
 
 Salvia. U S. (Sec.) Sage. The leaves of Salvia ofiicinalis. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, tonic, and aromatic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in infusion, as a gargle for sore throat. 
 
 Sambucus. U S. (Sec.), L., E. [Sambucus Nigra, D.~\ Elder 
 Flowers. The flowers of Sambucus Canadensis. (Sambucus 
 nigra, L., E., D.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Diaphoretic, and discutient. 
 
 Use. As a discutient poultice. The berries, or their expressed 
 juice, are employed in fevers. 
 
 Sanguinaria. U. S. Bloodroot. The rhizoma of Sanguinaria 
 
 Canadensis. 
 Med. Prop. Acrid, emetic, stimulant, and narcotic. 
 Use. Chiefly in chronic catarrh and pertussis. 
 
 18 
 
206 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Sanguinarina. (Dr. Dana.) The active alkaline principle of 
 Blood-root. 
 
 Santalum. U. S. [Pterocarpus, L., E.; Santalum Rubrum, 
 
 D.~\ Red Saunders. The wood of Pterocarpus santalinus. 
 Use. To impart a red colour to tinctures. 
 
 Sapo. U S., L. [Sapo Durus, E., D.~\ Spanish or Castile 
 Soap. Soap made with soda and olive oil. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, antacid, and antilithic. 
 
 Use. In combination with aloes and other purgatives, to obviate 
 their acrimony; also as an antidote for mineral acids. 
 
 Sapo Vulgaris. U. S. Soap made with soda and an animal oil. 
 — Not used in medicine, except by enema. 
 
 Sapo Mollis. L., E., D. Soft Soap. Made with olive oil and 
 potash. 
 
 Sapo Amygdalinus. P. Amygdaline Soap. Solution of caustic 
 soda (at 1-334 sp. gr.) %x, oil of almonds ^xxj ; add the ley to 
 the oil in very small portions, stirring frequently; leave the 
 mixture for some days at a temperature of 64° to 68° P., stirring 
 occasionally ; then put it into moulds, till sufficiently solid. It 
 should be exposed to the air for several weeks before it is used. 
 Use. For the toilet. 
 
 Sapo Animalis. Beef-marrow, boiled with 2 parts of water and 
 half of soda ley ; when saponified, add one-fifth of common salt, 
 stir, remove the soap from the surface, and place it in moulds. 
 
 Med. Prop. Very similar to Sapo Vulgaris. 
 
 Sapo Olei Jecoris Aselli. (Deschamps.) Cod-liver oil =§ij ; 
 caustic soda Jij, water Jv ; dissolve the soda in the water, and 
 mix it with the oil. — An ioduretted soap is made by mixing 
 with §j of the above, 3j of iodide of potassium, dissolved in Jj 
 of water. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As cod-liver oil. — The last-mentioned pre- 
 paration also combines the remedial properties of Iodine. 
 
 Sapo Olei Elais G-uiniensis. Palm Soap is prepared from 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 207 
 
 palm-oil and soda, to which tallow is added to increase its 
 
 firmness. 
 Use. Chiefly for the toilet. 
 Sapo Terebinthin^:. P. Starkey's Soap. Equal parts of 
 
 subcarbonate of potash, oil of turpentine and Venice turpentine, 
 
 triturated together till they combine. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant. 
 Sapo Windsor. Windsor Soap is a scented soda soap made of 
 
 one part of olive oil and nine parts of tallow. 
 Use. A very agreeable soap for the toilet. 
 Sarsaparilla. U.S., I). [Sarza, L., E.~] Sarsaparilla. The 
 
 root of Smilax officinalis, and of other species of Smilax. 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, diuretic, and reputed anti-syphilitic. 
 Use. Its preparations are very much employed, in conjunction 
 
 with iodine, in tertiary syphilis, chrcnic rheumatism, and cachec- 
 tic conditions of the system. 
 
 Sarsaparillin, or SmilAcin. The crystalline active principle 
 of Sarsaparilla may be procured by boiling the root in rectified 
 spirits, distilling off two-thirds, filtering, and evaporating. 
 
 Sassafras Medulla. U. S. Sassafras Pith is obtained from 
 the stems of Lauras Sassafras. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. The infusion forms a very pleasant application to the in- 
 flamed eyes and skin; internally, in inflammations of the mu- 
 cous membranes. 
 
 Sassafras Eadicis Cortex. U.S. [Sassafras, L., E. ; Lau- 
 ras Sassafras, D.~\ The bark of the root of Lauras Sassafras. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and diaphoretic ; and reputed altsrative. 
 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, &c. ; but chiefly to impart flavour. 
 
 Scammonium. U. S., L., E., D. Scammony. The concrete 
 
 juice of the root of Convolvulus Scammonia. 
 Med. Prop. A powerful drastic cathartic. 
 Use. In constipation, worms, and dropsy, — usually in combination. 
 
208 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Scilla. U. S., L., E. [Scilla Maritime, D.~] Squill The 
 
 bulb of Scilla maritima. 
 Med. Prop. Expectorant, diuretic, and in large doses, emeto- 
 
 cathartic. 
 Use. In chronic bronchial affections, and dropsy. 
 
 Scillitin. The active principle of Squill. 
 
 Scoparitjs. JJ. S. (Sec), L. [Scoparium, E. ; Sparticum Sco- 
 
 parius, D.] Broom. The fresh tops of Cytisus Scoparius. 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic ; and, in large doses, emeto-cathartic. 
 Use. In dropsies. 
 
 Scrophularia Nodosa. D. Figwort leaves. Leaves of Scro- 
 
 phularia nodosa. 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and diuretic. 
 Use. As a fomentation to painful tumours and ulcers; also to 
 
 hemorrhoids. 
 
 Senega. U. -S., L., E. [Polygala Senega, £>.] Seneka. The 
 root of Polygala Senega. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, expectorant, emmenagogue, diuretic, and, 
 in large doses, emeto-cathartic. 
 
 Use. In chronic bronchial affections ; in anienorrhoea, and rheu- 
 matism. 
 
 Senna. U. S.,L., D. [Senna Alexandrina ; Senna Indica, E.~\ 
 Senna. The leaves of Cassia acutifolia., C. obovata, and C. 
 elongata. (Also of C. lanceolata and C. iEthiopica. Gui- 
 
 BOURT.) 
 
 Med. Prop. A brisk cathartic. 
 
 Use. "When the object is to deplete, as in fevers. Often em- 
 ployed in combination with salts and manna. 
 
 Serpent aria. U. S.,L., E. [Aristolochia Serpentaria, Z>.] 
 Virginia Snakeroot. .The root of Aristolochia Serpentaria. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant tonic, diaphoretic, and diuretic. 
 
 Use. In typhoid complaints ; in tardy eruptions, and, combined 
 with cinchona, in obstinate intermittents. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 209 
 
 Sesamum. U. S. (Sec.) Beime. The leaves of Sesamum 
 orientale. 
 
 Med. Prop. Mucilaginous, and demulcent. 
 
 Use. One or two leaves steeped for a short time in a tumbler of 
 cold water, forms a pleasant mucilaginous drink in the bowel 
 affections of children. 
 
 Sevum, U S.,L., E. [Adeps villus Praeparatus, JD.~\ Suet. 
 The prepared suet of Ovis Aries (the sheep). 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient. 
 
 Use. As a dressing to blisters ; also in pharmacy, to give consis- 
 tence to ointments and cerates. 
 
 Simaruba. U. S.,L.,E. [Quassia Simaruba, D.~\ Simaruba 
 Bark. The bark of the root of Simaruba officinalis ; (S. amara, 
 E. ; Quassia Simaruba, D.) 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The same as Quassia. 
 
 Sinapis. U. S., L. [Sinapi, E. ; Sinapis Xlba; S. Nigra, D.] 
 Mustard. The seeds of Sinapis alba, and S. nigra. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, when swallowed whole ; when bruised, 
 stimulant, diuretic, and emetic. 
 
 Use. As a laxative in dyspepsia with torpor of the bowels ; as 
 an emetic in cases of poisoning from the narcotics ; also exter- 
 nally, as a rubefacient. 
 
 Soda Pura. P. Caustic Soda. Crystallized subcarbonate of 
 soda | xx, quick lime ^viij, water Ovj ; boil for half an hour, 
 strain, evaporate rapidly in a silver dish to dryness, and melt 
 as directed for Potassa Fusa. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Potassa Fusa. 
 
 Soile Acetas. U S.j L.y D. Usually manufactured by de- 
 composing acetate of lime (made by saturating crude pyrclig- 
 neous acid by chalk) by sulphate of soda. \_D. directs carbo- 
 nate of soda to be saturated by distilled vinegar, or diluted wood 
 vinegar; evaporate to 1-276, and set aside to ciystallize.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic, in moderate doses; in larger doses, ca- 
 thartic. 
 
 Use. As Acetate of Potassa. 
 
 18* 
 
210 AMEBICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Sodje Arsenias. P. Nitrate of soda 100 parts, arsenious 
 acid 116 parts; mix exactly, heat to redness in a Hessian 
 crucible, treat the residue with water, add carbonate of soda 
 to the solution till it is alkaline; evaporate and crystallize. 
 If the mother liquor is not alkaline, add subcarbonate of soda, 
 and again evaporate. Dose, -^gth to ith of a grain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Liquor Potassee Arsenitis. 
 
 Sod^e Boras. U. S., D. [Borax, L., E.~\ Borax. Biborate 
 of Soda. Procured from native borax, or tincal, by calcination, 
 solution, and crystallization. It is also made from native boracic 
 acid, by saturating it with carbonate of soda. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, and diuretic; reputed emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. Chiefly externally, as a detergent, in aphthous sore mouth. 
 
 Sod.e Carbonas. U. S., L., E., D. The commercial carbonate 
 of soda is thus designated by the U. S., and E. Phars. — L. 
 directs Ibij of the commercial salt to be boiled in Oiv of 
 distilled water ; strain the solution while hot, and set aside to 
 crystallize. — D. prepares it in a similar manner from barilla. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, antilithic, and resolvent. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, with acidity, in uric acid diathesis, in hoop- 
 ing-cough, and bronchocele. 
 
 Sod.e Carbonas Impura. L. [Sodae Carbonas Venale; Ba- 
 rilla, D.~\ Commercial Sal Soda. Formerly obtained from 
 barilla and help, the products of the incineration of certain ma- 
 rine plants ; but at present, on a larger scale, by decomposing 
 sulphate of soda by carbonate of lime, dissolving the impure 
 carbonate of soda, thus formed, in water, straining the solution, 
 and evaporating to obtain crystals. 
 
 Sob^; Carbonas Exsiccatus. U. S. [Sodae Carbonas Exsic- 
 cata, L. ; Sodas Carbonas Siccatum, E., D.'] Expose carbonate 
 of soda, in a clean iron vessel, to heat till it is thoroughly dried, 
 stirring constantly with an iron spatula ; then rub it into pow- 
 der. — Dose, 5 to 15 grains, three times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Sodae Carbonas, but preferable, 
 from its smaller bulk. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 211 
 
 Sod^e Carbonatts Aqua. D. Dissolve carbonate of soda in 
 distilled water, so as to form a solution of sp. gr. 1-024 (gj in 
 Oj). — Dose, f^j — ij, in water q. s. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Sod^e Bicarbonas. U. S., E., D. [Sodae Sesquicarbonas, L.~] 
 Put crystallized carbonate of soda, broken into fragments, into 
 a wooden box having a transverse partition near the bottom, 
 pierced with numerous small holes, and a cover, which can be 
 tightly fitted on. A stream of carbonic acid is then allowed to 
 pass through water into the box, until the carbonate is fully 
 saturated. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the carbonate, but more agreeable to 
 the taste. 
 
 Sod-sj et Potass^e Tartras. U. S., D. [Sodae Potassio-Tar- 
 tras, I/., Potassse et Sodse Tartras, E.~\ Rochelle Salt. Dis- 
 solve Ibj of carbonate of soda in Ov of boiling water, and gra- 
 dually add ^xvj of cream of tartar, in powder. Filter, and 
 evaporate till a pellicle forms; then set aside to crystallize. 
 Pour off the liquor, and dry the crystals on bibulous paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. Refrigerant, and cathartic; diuretic, in small and re- 
 peated doses. 
 
 Use. An excellent purgative in febrile affections. 
 
 Sor^E Murias Purtjm. E. Evaporate a filtered solution of com- 
 mon salt, skim off the crystals as they form, wash them quickly 
 with cold water, and dry them. 
 
 Med. Prop. As common salt. See Sodii Chloridum. 
 
 Sod^: Phosphas. U. 8., L. y E., D. Bones burnt to whiteness, 
 and powdered, Ibx, sulphuric acid Hbvj ; mix in an earthen ves- 
 sel, add gradually Cong, j of water, and stir them well together; 
 digest for 3 days, occasionally adding a little water to replace 
 that lost by evaporation, frequently stirring; then pour in 
 Cong, j of boiling water, and strain through linen, gradually 
 adding more boiling water, until the liquid passes nearly taste- 
 less. Allow the dregs to subside, and pour off the clear liquor, 
 which boil down to a gallon ; heat the clear liquor in an iron 
 
212 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 vessel, and add by degrees carbonate of soda (dissolved in boil- 
 ing water), until effervescence ceases, and the phosphoric acid 
 is completely neutralized ; then filter, and set aside to crystal- 
 lize. More crystals may be obtained by evaporating the remain- 
 ing liquor, adding more carbonate of soda. Preserve the crys- 
 tals in well-stopped bottles. 
 Med. Prop. A mild purgative, particularly adapted to cases of 
 children. 
 
 Sod^e Sulphas. U. S., L., P., D. Glauber's Salts. Dissolve 
 the residuary salt after the preparation of muriatic acid, in boil- 
 ing water, and saturate the excess of acid with carbonate of 
 soda ; evaporate, and crystallize. 
 
 Med. Prop. A refrigerant cathartic j diuretic, in small doses. 
 
 Use. In fevers, &c. 
 
 Sod^e Bistjlphas. Mix 10 parts of dried sulphate of soda, with 
 7 of strong sulphuric acid; heat the mixture gently in a 
 crucible. 
 
 Med. Prop. As the last. 
 
 SoDiE Tartarizata Effervescens. Acidulated Alkali. Bicar- 
 bonate of soda giv, tartaric acid'^iv, refined sugar ^xij, essence 
 of lemon f^ss. The powders to be separately dried at a mode- 
 rate temperature, and the whole uniformly mixed. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the common soda-powders. 
 
 Sodii Bromidum. As Potassii Bromidum. 
 
 Sodii Chloride^!. U S., L. [Soda3 Murias, P., D.~] Common 
 salt is procured either in the solid state, from rock salt, or by 
 evaporating native solutions, as saline springs, and sea-water. 
 
 Med. Prop. In small doses, tonic; in larger quantities, purga- 
 tive, and anthelmintic ; externally, slightly stimulant. 
 
 Use. Universally as a condiment; also an ingredient in the com- 
 mon laxative enema; also externally, as a fomentation for 
 sprains and bruises. 
 
 Solidago. U S. {Sec.') Golden-rod. The leaves of Solidago 
 odorata. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 213 
 
 Med. Prop. Aromatic, stimulant, and diaphoretic. 
 
 Use. In colic, and nausea. 
 
 Solutio. Solution. This term is synonymous with Liquor. 
 
 Solutio Acidi Citrici. Citric acid 3ixss, water f^xvj. [This 
 is about the average strength of lemon juice.] 
 
 Use. As Citric Acid. 
 
 Solutio Aconitin^e. (Dr. Turnbull.) Aconitine gr. viij, rec- 
 tified spirit fgj. 
 
 Use. Externally, to the unbroken skin, in neuralgia, &c. 
 
 Solutio Atropine. (Mr. Wilde.) Atropia gr. j, rectified spirit 
 -n^iij, dilute nitric acid ir^j, distilled water fjj. [Stronger solu- 
 tions contain 2 and 3 grs. of atropia.] 
 
 Use. One drop, applied to the conjunctiva of the lower lid, dilates 
 the pupil. 
 
 Solutio Conii. (Dr. Paris.) Extract of hemlock 3j, tincture 
 
 of hemlock f3j ; water, at 120° F., Oss. 
 To be used 3 or 4 times a day, by inhalation, in irritation of the 
 
 nasal passages. 
 
 Solutio Creasoti. The icatery solution consists of 1 part of 
 creasote to 80 parts of water. [A weaker solution, from 3 to 6 
 drops to Oj of water, is used for preserving pathological speci- 
 mens.] The alcoholic solution consists of 1 part of creasote to 
 16 (10, Laennec) parts of alcohol. 
 
 Use. As Creasote. 
 
 Solutio Delphinle. (Dr. Turnbull.) Delphinia 9j, rectified 
 spirit f^ij. 
 
 For outward use. 
 
 Solutio Iodinii cum Conio. Dr. Scudamore's Solution for 
 Inhaling. Iodine gr. vj, iodide of potassium gr. vj, rectified 
 spirit 3ij, water ^v 3vj. From Jss to %y of this solution, with 
 3ss of tincture of hemlock (or the preserved juice), is to be added 
 to water, at 120° F., in a glass inhaler, and used twice a day. 
 
 Solutio Veratri^e. (Dr. Turnbull.) Veratria 9j, rectified 
 spirit gij. 
 
214 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Use. Externally, in neuralgia. [See Liquor, for other solutions.] 
 
 Spigelia. U. S., L., E. [Spigelia Marilandica, D.~\ Pink-root. 
 The root of Spigelia Marilandica. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anthelmintic, and narcotic. 
 
 Use. Extensively used, especially in the U. S., as a vermifuge. 
 
 Species. Mixtures of dried plants, or parts of plants, in a divided 
 state, which, for convenience, are kept mixed for use. 
 
 Spiraea. U. S. ($sc.) HardhacJc. The root of Spiraea tomen- 
 tosa. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and astringent. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea, and cholera infantum. 
 
 Spiritus. U. S., L., E., D. Spirits are alcoholic solutions of 
 volatile principles, obtained by distillation. They are pre- 
 pared chiefly from aromatic vegetable substances, the essential 
 oils of which rise with the vapour of alcohol. Some of the oils, 
 however, will not rise at the temperature of boiling alcohol, in 
 which case proof spirit must be employed, which should always 
 be free from impurities. Care should also be used to avoid the 
 colour and empyreumatic flavour arising from the decomposition 
 of the vegetable matter by heat ; for which purpose, sufficient 
 water must be added to cover the vegetable matter, after the 
 alcohol shall have been distilled. 
 
 Spiritus iETHERis Nitrici. U. $., L., E. [Spiritus iEthereus 
 Nitrosus, D.~\ Sweet Spirits of Nitre. Mix together in a large 
 glass retort Ibij of coarsely powdered nitrate of potassa, and Oixss 
 of alcohol, and gradually pour in Ibjss of sulphuric acid. Digest 
 with a gentle heat, for 2 hours ; then raise the heat, and distil 
 a gallon. To the distilled liquor add Oj of diluted alcohol, and 
 ^j of carbonate of potassa, and again distil a gallon. [L. and 
 E. mix the nitric acid ready formed, with the alcohol, and distil.] 
 The Sweet Spirits of Nitre of commerce is a mixture, in variable 
 proportions, of hyponitrous ether and alcohol. It has been re- 
 commended by Dr. Hare, in order to insure uniformity, to pre- 
 pare it by mixing together known quantities of pure hyponitrous 
 ether and rectified spirit. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 215 
 
 Med. Prop. Diaphoretic, diuretic, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In febrile complaints, especially of children, attended with 
 nervous disturbance. 
 
 Spiritus .ZEtheris Sulphurici. E. Mix together Oj of sul- 
 phuric ether and Oij of rectified spirit. See the following. 
 
 Spiritus .ZEtheris Sulphurici Compositus. U. S., L. Hoff- 
 man's Anodyne Liquor. Mix together sulphuric ether Oss, 
 alcohol Oj, ethereal oil f5iij- — Dose, fjss to f^ij. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antispasmodic, and anodyne. 
 
 Use. In low forms of fever, with nervous disturbance ; in mild 
 hysteria, &c. 
 
 Spiritus Ammonia. U. S., L., E. y D. (Formerly Alcohol Am- 
 moniatum.) Mix Ibj of muriate of ammonia, in fine powder, 
 with Ibj of lime, (slaked with f^ix of water,) and proceed in the 
 manner directed for Solution of Ammonia, introducing f^xx of 
 alcohol into the quart bottle instead of the water. Preserve in 
 well-stopped bottles. — Dose, 10 to 30 drops in sweetened water. 
 See the following. 
 
 Spiritus Ammonite Aromaticus. U. S., L., E., D. Aromatic 
 Hartshorn. Mix together §v of muriate of ammonia, ^viij of 
 carbonate of potassa; cinnamon and cloves, bruised, each, ^i], 
 lemon peel ^iv, alcohol and water, each, Ov ; distil off Ovijss. — 
 Dose, gtt. xx to Ix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, stimulant, and aromatic. 
 
 Use. In sick headache, hysteria, flatulent colic, and fainting. 
 
 Spiritus Ammonije Fcetidus. L.,E.,D. Mix together ^x of 
 muriate of ammonia, ^xvj of carbonate of potassa, Oiij of recti- 
 fied spirit and water, each, and gv of assafoetida; distil, with a 
 slow fire, Oiij. — Dose, gtt. xxx to fjj. 
 
 Med. Prop. As the preceding. 
 
 Use. In hysteria. 
 
 Spiritus Anisi. L. Aniseed gx, proof spirit Cong, j, water 
 Oij ) distil Cong. j. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the Aromatics. 
 
 Spiritus Anisi Compositus. D. Macerate Ibss of bruised 
 
216 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 anise seeds, and bruised angelica seeds, each, in Cong, j of proof 
 spirit for 24 hours, with water q. s., to prevent enipyreuma ; 
 distil Cong. j. (This is a simplification of the Irish usquebaugh.) 
 
 Spiritus Armoracre Compositus. L., D. Mix together ^xx 
 
 of horseradish root, sliced, and dried orange peel, each, ^v of 
 
 bruised nutmeg, Cong, j of proof spirit, and water Oij ; distil, 
 
 with a slow fire, Cong, j . 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A stimulant diuretic; — in the dropsy of 
 
 drunkards. 
 Spiritus Aurantii. P. The yellow of fresh orange peel ibj, 
 
 spirit of wine, at -863, Ibvj ; macerate for 2 days, and distil, 
 
 by water-bath, to dryness. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A pleasant aromatic. 
 Spiritus Bergami. P. From fresh bergamot peel, as Spiritus 
 
 Aurantii. 
 Spiritus Camphors. See Tinctura Camphorae. 
 Spiritus Carlt. L., E., D. Bruised caraway seeds ^xxij, 
 
 proof spirit Cong, j, water Oij ; mix, and, by a slow fire, distil 
 
 Cong. j. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the former. 
 Spiritus Cassia. E. Cassia, in coarse powder, Ibj ; proceed as 
 
 for Sp. Carui. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the former. 
 Spiritus Cinnamomi. L., E., D. Oil of cinnamon Jij, proof 
 
 spirit Cong, j, water Oj ; mix, and, by a slow fire, distil Cong. j. 
 
 (fbj of cinnamon bark may be substituted for the oil.) 
 Med. Prop. An agreeable aromatic cordial. 
 Use. In debility of the stomach. 
 Spiritus Juniperi Compositus. U. £., L., E., D. Bruised 
 
 juniper berries Ibj, bruised caraway seeds and fennel seeds, each, 
 
 ^jss, diluted alcohol Cong, j, water Oij ; macerate the seeds in 
 
 the alcohol for 24 hours, then add the water, and, with a slow 
 
 fire, distil Cong. j. — A useful addition to diuretic infusions. 
 Spiritus Lavandulae. U. S., L., E., D. Fresh lavender flowers 
 
AMEEICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 217 
 
 Ibij, alcohol Cong, j, water Oij; mix, and, with a slow fire, distil 
 Cong. j. Used chiefly as a perfume ; but the preparation usually 
 sold under the name of lavender ivater, as a perfume, is not a 
 distilled spirit, but an alcoholic solution of the oil, with the ad- 
 dition of other odorous substances. Mr. Brande gives the 
 following as one of the most approved receipts for preparing it. 
 Rectified spirits Cong, v, essential oil of lavender ^xx, essential 
 oil of bergamot jfv, essence of ambergris (made by digesting Jj 
 of ambergris and gr. viij of musk in Oss of alcohol) ^ss; mix 
 them together. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the following. 
 
 Spiritus Lavandulae Compositus. U. S., E., D. [Tinctura 
 Lavandulae Composita, L.~\ Lavender Compound. Spirit of 
 lavender Oiij, spirit of rosemary Oj, bruised cinnamon ^j, bruised 
 cloves 3ij, bruised nutmeg ^ss, red saunders, rasped, Jiij J mace- 
 rate for 14 days, and filter through paper. — Dose, fjss to f3J. 
 
 Med. Prop. A delightful carminative, and aromatic. 
 
 Use. In debility of the stomach, mild colic, and nausea ; also as 
 an adjuvant. 
 
 Spiritus Limonis. P. As Sp. Aurantii. 
 
 Spiritus Melissa Compositus. P. Eau de Carmes. Fresh 
 balm, in flower, ^xxiv, lemon peel ^iv, cinnamon ^ij, cloves ^ij, 
 nutmeg ^ij, coriander seed ^j, dry angelica root ^j, rectified 
 spirit lb viij ; macerate for 8 days, and distil, by means of a 
 water-bath, to dryness. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Spiritus Mentha Piperita. L., D. [Spiritus Menthse, E.~\ 
 Oil of peppermint 3iij, proof spirit Cong, j, water Oj j mix them, 
 and with a slow fire, distil Cong. j. \_E. directs it to be prepared 
 from Ibjss of fresh peppermint, as Sp. Carui.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the essence of peppermint. 
 
 Spiritus Mentha Pulegii. L., D. From the oil of European 
 Pennyroyal, as Sp. Menth. Pip. 
 
 Spiritus Mentha Viridis. L., D. From the oil of spearmint, 
 as Sp. Menth. Pip. 
 
 19 
 
 
218 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Spiritus Minuereri. See Liquor Animoniae Acetatis. 
 
 Spiritus Myristic^:. U. S., L., E. [Spiritus Nucis Moschatae, 
 D.~\ Bruised nutmeg ^ij, diluted alcohol Cong. j, water Oj ; 
 mix them, and with a slow fire distil Cong. j.. 
 
 Use. Chiefly to impart flavour. 
 
 Spiritus Pimento. U. $., L., K, D. Bruised pimento gij, diluted 
 alcohol Cong, j, water Oj ) macerate the pimento in the dilute 
 alcohol for 21 hours, and with a slow fire distil Cong. j. 
 
 Use. As the aromatics generally. 
 
 Spiritus Bectificatus. L., E., D. See Alcohol. 
 
 Spiritus Bosmarini. U. S., L., E. [Spiritus Borismarini, D.~\ 
 Oil of rosemary Jij, alcohol Cong. j, water Oj ; mix them, and 
 with a slow fire distil Cong, j . [A superior product, is obtained 
 from the fresh herb.] 
 
 Use. As an ingredient in liniments. 
 
 Spiritus Bosmarini Compositus. (Wirt. Ph.) Hungary Wa- 
 ter. Flowering rosemary Ibiv, sage 3VJ, ginger ^ij, proof spirit 
 Ibxij, water fbij ; distil Ibxj. [The original receipt for the Queen 
 of Hungary's Water is said to be : Bectified spirit 3 parts, rose- 
 mary tops 2 parts ; distil.] 
 
 Use. As a perfume. 
 
 Spiritus Tenuior. Proof Spirit. L. directs the density to be 
 0-920 at 62° F.; E., 0-912 ; D., 0-919, at 60° F. ; P., (alcohol 
 faille,) 0-923. It is about the strength of equal parts of alco- 
 hol (rectified spirit) and water. 
 
 Spiritus Terebinthin^e. See Oleum Terebinthinse. 
 
 Spiritus Vini Gallici. Brandy. Spirit distilled from French 
 
 wines. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant. 
 Use. In very low forms of disease. 
 Spiritus Volatilis Aromaticus. See Sp. Aninionise Aro- 
 
 maticus. 
 Spiritus Vulnerarius. P. Arquebuscade. Fresh leaves of 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 219 
 
 basil, calaniint, hyssop, marjoram, balm, mint, origanum, rose- 
 mary, sage, mother of thyme, common thyme, wormwood, 
 angelica, fennel, rue, flowering tops of St. John's wort, and 
 lavender, each, %], proof spirit Oiij. Macerate for 6 days, and 
 distil Oij. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant, aromatic compound. 
 
 Spongia. U S. y E. [Spongia Officinalis, D.~] Sponge. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. See Spongia Usta. 
 
 Spongia Cerata. Sponge Tents. Fine sponge, washed and 
 dried, is dipped into melted bees' -wax, pressed between heated 
 tin plates, and left till cold. It is then cut into pieces of pro- 
 per size, to be employed as tents. 
 
 Use. For dilating wounds and sinuses. 
 
 Spongia Preparata. Sponge is prepared by macerating it for 
 several days in cold water, beating it in order to break up the 
 concretions which it contains, and dissolving the remainder of 
 the calcareous matter by muriatic acid diluted with 30 parts of 
 water. It is thus rendered perfectly soft, and fit for surgical 
 use. It may be bleached by steeping it in water impregnated 
 with sulphurous acid, or by exposure, in the moist state, to the 
 action of chlorine. 
 
 Spongia Usta. U. S. Burnt sponge is prepared by cutting- 
 sponge into pieces, beating it so as to separate any extraneous 
 matters, then burning it in a close iron vessel until it becomes 
 black and friable, and reducing it to a very fine powder. — Dose, 
 
 5J— "J- 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, &c, as Iodine. 
 Use. In goitre, and scrofulous glandular swellings. 
 
 Stanni Ptjlvis. See Pulvis Stanni. 
 
 Staphisagria. L. E. [Delphinium Staphisagria, _D.] Stavesacre. 
 
 Seeds of Delphinium Staphisagria. 
 Med. Prop. Emetic, and cathartic. 
 Use. Scarcely employed, owing to its violence. 
 
220 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Statice. U. S. (Sec.) Harsh Rosemary. The root of Statice 
 
 Caroliniana. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. 
 Use. In gargles, for sore throat. 
 
 Stillingia. U. S. (Sec.) Queen' s-root. The root of Stillin- 
 gia sylvatica. 
 
 Med. Prop. Acrid, and purgative. 
 
 Use. In chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Stramonii Folia; S. Badix; S. Semen. U. S. [S. Folia; S. 
 Semina, L. ; S. Herba; S. Seinina, E., D.~] Leaves, root, and 
 seed of Datura Stramonium, or Thorn-apple. 
 
 Med. Prop. Strongly narcotic. 
 
 Use. See Extractum Stramonii. 
 
 Strychnia. U. S., L., E. Strychnine. Digest ibiv of rasped 
 nux vomica in Cong, ij of water, acidulated with f^j of muriatic 
 acid, for 24 hours; then boil for 2 hours, and express through 
 a strong linen bag. Boil the residuum twice successively in the 
 same quantity of acidulated water, each time straining, as be- 
 fore. Mix the decoctions, and evaporate to the consistence of 
 a thin syrup ; then add ^vj of powdered lime, previously mixed 
 with Oj of water, and boil for 10 minutes, frequently stirring. 
 Pour the mixture into a double linen bag, and having washed 
 the precipitate well with water, press, dry, and powder it. 
 Treat the powder repeatedly with alcohol, until deprived of its 
 bitterness, mix the liquors, and distil off the alcohol by means 
 of a water-bath. Mix the residue with water, and having ap- 
 plied heat, drop in sufficient dilute sulphuric acid to neutralize 
 and dissolve the strychnia ; then boil for a few minutes with 
 purified animal charcoal, filter, evaporate, and crystallize. Dis- 
 solve the crystals in water, and precipitate the strychnia by 
 means of a solution of ammonia. Lastly, dry the precipitate on 
 bibulous paper; [or crystallize from a solution of the precipitate 
 in boiling spirit, by evaporation, L.~] — Dose, y^th to y^th of a 
 grain, to begin with. [Strychnine is more readily obtained, and 
 in greater purity, from St. Ignatius' s Bean.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Nux Vomica. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 221 
 
 Strychnije Acetas. Mix 1 part of powdered strychnia with 5 of 
 boiling water, and add acetic acid till the strychnia is dissolved ; 
 filter, concentrate, and crystallize. A slight excess of acid 
 favours the crystallization. [In the same way prepare the 
 Muriate, Nitrate, Phosphate, and Sulphate.'] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Strychnia. 
 
 Styrax. U. S., L., E. [Styrax Officinale, D.~] Storax. The 
 concrete juice (balsamic) of Styrax officinale. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and expectorant. 
 
 Use. In chronic pectoral complaints j in leucorrhoea, and gonor- 
 rhoea. 
 
 Styrax Purificata. U. S. [Styrax Colatus, L. ; Extractum 
 Styracis, E.~] Dissolve storax in alcohol, and strain the solu- 
 tion ; then distil off the alcohol with a gentle heat, until the 
 storax acquires the proper consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Stjccinum. U. S., L., D. Amber is a fossil resin of vegetable 
 origin, derived probably from extinct coniferw. See Oleum 
 Succini. 
 
 Succi iETHERiZATi. Bouchard at' s Sues ether -es. To the ex- 
 pressed juices of plants so much ether is added, that, after agi- 
 tating them together, a thin layer of ether rises to the surface. 
 After 24 hours, remove the supernatant ether by means of 
 a pipette, filter the juice, and retain the ether. Preserve the 
 etherized juice in well-stopped bottles, and when any of the 
 juice is required, reverse the bottle, that the ether may remain 
 behind. [These juices are said to retain their active properties 
 for an indefinite period.] 
 
 Succi Alcoholati. Juices preserved with Spirits. These are 
 prepared from fresh plants, either by adding rectified spirit to 
 the expressed juice, or by digesting the bruised leaves with the 
 spirit, before pressing. The latter method, which is adopted by 
 the French Codex, is noticed under Tincture. According to 
 the other method, the leaves of the mature plants, in flower, 
 are bruised in a marble mortar, and placed in a powerful press. 
 
 19* 
 
222 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 The expressed juice is allowed to stand for 24 hours, and is 
 then poured off from the dregs, and rectified spirit added. After 
 standing 24 hours, the liquid is filtered, Mr. Bentley directs 
 one measure of rectified spirit to be added to four of juice ; 
 Mr. Squire, one of spirit to two of juice. [The principal pre- 
 served juices, prepared according to the above process, are those 
 of Aconite, Belladonna, Digitalis, Hemlock, Henbane, &c] 
 
 Succi Expressi. Expressed Juices are prepared by bruising the 
 plants in a marble mortar, and expressing them in an iron or 
 wooden press. Some plants, as the labiate and those of a viscous 
 nature, require the addition of a small quantity of water. The 
 expressed juice should be filtered, if possible ; but some require 
 to be heated, to coagulate their albuminous matter. The acid 
 juices of fruits are allowed to clear themselves by a slight fer- 
 mentation, in a cool place, before filtration. Fruits are usually 
 crushed by the hand over a hair sieve, and the marc pressed. 
 [Apperts' method of preserving vegetable juices is to bottle 
 them, secure the corks with wire, and place the bottles up to 
 their necks in cold water, with straw between them to prevent 
 breakage, allow the water to boil for a few minutes, remove the 
 bottles, and when cool, cover the corks with wax or pitch.] 
 
 Succi Spissati. Inspissated Juices. See Extracta. 
 
 Succus Limonis. Lemon-Juice is best preserved by first sepa- 
 rating the seeds immediately after expression, then allowing it 
 to stand for a short time till a coagulable matter separates; then 
 filter, and introduce into glass bottles, with a stratum of almond 
 or other sweet oil upon its surface. Before closing the bottles, 
 allow them to stand for 15 minutes in a vessel of boiling water. 
 The juice may also be preserved by concentrating it, either by 
 means of evaporation with a gentle heat, or by exposing to a 
 freezing temperature, which congeals the watery portion, leaving 
 the acid much stronger. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Citric Acid. 
 
 Succus Malorum. {Guy's H.) Verjuice. Bruise crab-apples 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 223 
 
 in a mortar, and express the juice. [P. directs it to be ex- 
 pressed from grapes.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Similar to the preceding. 
 
 Sulphur. U. S., L., E. [Sulphur Sublimatum, D.~\ Sublimed 
 -Sulphur. Flowers of Sulphur. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, diaphoretic, and resolvent. 
 
 Use. In habitual constipation, chronic rheumatism, catarrh, and 
 cutaneous eruptions, especially psora. 
 
 Sulphur Lotum. U.S., I). [Sulphur Sublimatum, E.~] Washed 
 Sulphur. Sublimed sulphur, thoroughly washed with water. 
 
 Med. Prop. As the preceding. 
 
 Sulphur Pr^ecipitatum. U. S. Lac Sulphuris. Milk of Sul- 
 phur. Mix together Ibj of sublimed sulphur with ftvjss of lime, 
 recently slaked with a small portion of water ; add Cong, ij of 
 water, boil for 2 or 3 hours, occasionally adding water to pre- 
 serve the measure, and filter. Dilute the filtered liquor with 
 an equal bulk of water ; then drop into it muriatic acid q. s. to 
 precipitate the sulphur. Wash the precipitate with water till 
 the washings are tasteless. — Dose, 3ij — iij. [Much of the Lac 
 Sulphuris of commerce contains a large quantity of sulphate of 
 lime.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Sulphur. 
 
 Sulphuris Iolidum. U. S. Rub together sulphur gj, iodine 
 ^iv, until thoroughly mixed. Put the mixture into a matrass, 
 close the orifice loosely, and apply a gentle heat, so as to darken 
 the mass without melting it. When uniformly dark throughout, 
 increase the heat so as to melt the iodide, moving the matrass 
 in different directions, so as to insure thorough mixing ; allow 
 it to cool, break it, and put the contents into well-stopped 
 bottles. 
 
 Used as an ointment, in cutaneous diseases. 
 
 Suppositorium Laxativum. A cone of hard soap, two or three 
 inches long, or of solidified molasses, is sometimes employed as 
 a laxative suppository. 
 
 Syrupi. Syrups are concentrated solutions of sugar in water, 
 
224 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 either pure or medicated. Medicated syrups are prepared by 
 incorporating sugar with vegetable infusions, decoctions, ex- 
 pressed juices, fermented liquors, or simple aqueous solutions. 
 When the active matter is not readily soluble in water, or is 
 volatilized Or decomposed by a temperature of 212°, it is some- 
 times extracted by diluted alcohol, the spirit of which is subse- 
 quently driven off. Occasionally they are prepared by adding 
 a tincture to simple syrup, and evaporating the alcohol. The 
 sugar employed should always be the best refined, as it saves 
 subsequent clarification. The quantity of sugar required is 
 about 2 parts to 1 of the liquid ; if in too small proportion, fer- 
 mentation is apt to ensue; if too abundant, crystallization. The 
 proper degree of concentration is 30° (Baume's saccharometer), 
 when boiling, and 35° when cold; or sp. gr. 1-261 boiling, and 
 1-319 cold. 
 
 Syrupus. U S.j L. [Syrupus Simplex, E., D.~] Simple Syrup 
 is made by dissolving Ibijss of refined sugar in Oj of water, with 
 the aid of heat, removing the scum, and straining while hot. 
 [White of egg is sometimes employed to clarify it.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as a vehicle for cough and other mixtures. 
 
 Syrupus Simplex Albus. P. Very white sugar Ibij, water 
 Ibj ; dissolve without heat, add gij of animal charcoal, and in 
 12 hours filter through paper. 
 
 Syrupus Aceti. E. French vinegar f^xj, white sugar ^xiv; 
 boil them together. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As a refrigerant drink, with water, in 
 fevers. 
 
 Syrupus Aceti Rubi Id^i. P. Raspberry vinegar ^xvj, sugar 
 ^xxx; dissolve by a gentle heat in a glass vessel, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Syrupus Acidi Citrici. P. Dissolve 3ijss of citric acid in 3v 
 of water, and add to it gxvj (fgxiij) of boiling syrup. 
 
 Use. As Lemon juice. 
 
 Syrupus Acidi Tartarici. P. As Syrupus Acidi Citrici. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 225 
 
 Syrupus Adianthi. P. Syrop de Capillaire. Infuse ^iv of 
 the herb maidenhair in Oijss of boiling water, add !bv of refined 
 sugar, make a syrup, and clarify with white of egg. Pour the 
 boiling syrup into a water-bath with 3 i j of maidenhair, infuse 
 for 2 hours, and strain. 
 
 Use. In pectoral complaints. 
 
 Syrupus Allii. U. S., D. Macerate ^vj of fresh garlic, sliced, 
 in Oj of distilled vinegar, in a glass vessel, for 4 days ; then 
 express the liquor, and let the dregs subside ; add to the clear 
 liquor Ibij of refined sugar, and proceed as directed for Simple 
 Syrup. — Dose, a teaspoonful, in infantile catarrhs, &c. See 
 Allium. 
 
 Syrupus Allii Compositus. Dr. Willis's Syrup. Garlic, 
 cut small, ^ss, bruised aniseed gss, elecampane root Jiij, 
 liquorice root Jij, brandy f^xxiv. Digest for 2 or 3 days; ex- 
 press, and form a syrup with the clear liquor and Ibjss of re- 
 fined sugar. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Syrupus Altbjeve. L., P., D. Fresh marshmallow root gviij, 
 water Oiv ; boil to Oij , set aside for 24 hours, decant, and make 
 a syrup with Ibijss of sugar. \P. directs it to be made with 
 cold water, thus avoiding the extraction of the starch.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A simple demulcent. 
 
 Syrupus Amygdalae. U. S. [Syrop d' Orgeat, P.~] Orgeat 
 Syrup. Blanch tbj of sweet, and ^iv of bitter almonds, and 
 rub them in a mortar to a very fine paste, with fSjiij of water, 
 and ibj of white sugar. Mix the paste thoroughly with 
 Oij f^xiij of water, strain with strong expression, and dissolve 
 Ibv of white sugar in the strained emulsion, by the aid of a 
 gentle heat. Strain the syrup through fine linen, allow it to 
 cool, and keep it in well-stopped bottles, in a cool place. [P. 
 adds ^vj of orange-flower water to the syrup, after the solution 
 of the sugar.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, nutritive, and slightly sedative. 
 
 Use. A very agreeable addition to pectoral mixtures. 
 
226 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Struptjs Armoracl/E. (Dr. Cullen.) Scraped horseradish ^j, 
 hot water f^viij ; digest, strain, and dissolve in the liquor twice 
 its weight of sugar. — Dose, f^j, frequently, in hoarseness from 
 relaxation. 
 
 Syrupus Aqua Aurantii. P. Orange-flower water Ifoj, very 
 white sugar Ibij j dissolve, and filter. [Similar syrups are made 
 from the distilled waters of cinnamon, rose, peppermint, and 
 lettuce.] 
 
 Syrupus Aurantii Corticis. U. S. [Syrupus Aurantii, L. y 
 E., D.~\ Macerate jfij of bruised orange-peel in Oj of boiling 
 water, in a covered vessel for 12 hours, and strain ; then add 
 Ibijss of refined sugar, and proceed as directed for Simple Syrup. 
 
 Use. Simply for its agreeable flavour. 
 
 Syrupus Balsami Tolutani. See Syrupus Tolutani. 
 
 Syrupus Belladonna. P. Extract of belladonna gr. xxxij, dis- 
 solve in 5iv of boiling water, and add it to ^xvj of boiling syrup. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Belladonna. 
 
 Syrupus Calcis. (Trousseau.) Slake 3ijss of quicklime with 
 f^iij of water, and add it to ^ xxxij of simple syrup; boil 10 
 minutes, and filter. 
 
 Used, diluted with 4 parts of simple syrup, in diarrhoea. 
 
 Syrupus Cerasorum. P. Depurated juice of cherries ^xvj, 
 sugar ^xxx; make a syrup. 
 
 Use. Only to impart an agreeable flavour. 
 
 Syrupus Chondri. (Mouchon.) Boil ^viij of carrageen in 
 Oiij of water, for half an hour ; strain with pressure and boil 
 the clear liquor with Ibx of syrup, till the whole is reduced to 
 ibx. 
 
 Use. As a pleasant demulcent in colds, and irritations of the ali- 
 mentary canal and bladder. 
 
 Syrupus Croci. L., E. Macerate $x of saffron in Oj of boil- 
 ing water for 12 hours, in a tightly covered vessel j strain and 
 add ibiij of refined sugar. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent and slightly stimulant. 
 Use. Chiefly for its fine colour. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 227 
 
 Syrupus Cydonia. P. Clarified quince-juice ^xvj, sugar 
 §xxx; dissolve by a gentle heat. [In the same way syrups 
 from other fruits are prepared.] 
 
 Use. As a demulcent. 
 
 Syrupus Digitalis. P. Infuse 9viij of foxglove leaves in 
 ifxvj of boiling water for 6 hours; strain the liquor, and make 
 a syrup with twice its weight of sugar. [GrUiBOURT substitutes 
 alcoholic extract of digitalis 1 part, dissolved in 8 parts of 
 water \ the filtered solution to be added to 300 parts of boiling 
 syrup. It is twice the strength of the above.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Digitalis. 
 
 Syrupus Ferri Iodidi. E. See Liquor Ferri Iodidi. 
 
 Syrtjpus Ferri Iodidi Compositus. (Kicord.) This may 
 be made by adding the Syrupus Ferri Iodidi to the compound 
 syrup of sarsaparilla. [Each f^ contains gr. iv of the iodide.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and alterative. 
 
 Use. In cachectic conditions of the system. 
 
 Syrupus Gentians. P. Infuse 3xij of gentian in ^xviij of 
 boiling water ; strain, and make a syrup with ^ xxxij of sugar. 
 [A more elegant syrup is made by percolation with cold water.] 
 
 Med. Prop and Use. As Grentiana. 
 
 Syrupus G-ummi Arabici. P. Syrop de Gomme. Gum 
 Arabic (picked, and twice washed for an instant in cold water) 
 Ibj, cold water Ibj ; stir them occasionally, till. the gum is dis- 
 solved, strain without expression, and mix it with ibviij of 
 syrup, of sp. gr. 1-252, boiling. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An agreeable, nutritious demulcent. 
 
 Syrupus Hyoscyami. P. From the extract, as Syrupus Bella- 
 donnas. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Hyoscyamus; — a good adjuvant to 
 cough mixtures. 
 
 Syrupus Ipecacuanha. U S., E. Macerate sj of coarsely 
 powdered ipecacuanha in Oj of diluted alcohol, for 14 days, and 
 filter. Evaporate the filtered liquor to f^ij, and again filter; 
 
228 AMERICAX MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 then mix it with Oij of simple syrup, and evaporate by means 
 of a water-bath, to the proper consistence. Or the alcoholic in- 
 fusion may first be obtained by displacement, employing ^j of 
 powdered ipecac, and diluted alcohol q. s. to procure Oj of 
 filtered liquor; evaporate this to f^ij, and proceed as above. 
 [P. dissolves the alcoholic extract in water, and then mixes it 
 with syrup.] — One fluid ounce is about equal to 15 grains of 
 the root. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an expectorant, in cases of children. 
 
 Syrupus Krameri^e. U S. Extract of rhatany §ij, water 
 Oj j dissolve and filter; then add refined sugar Ibijss, and pro- 
 ceed as for Simple Syrup. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Krameria, 
 
 Use. A convenient mode of administration to infants, in diar- 
 rhoea. 
 
 Syrupus Limonis. U. S., D. [Syrupus Limonum, L., E.~\ 
 Strained lemon juice Oj, refined sugar Ibij ; add them together, 
 and proceed in the manner directed for Simple Syrup. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. To form a cooling, grateful drink in 
 fevers ; also a pleasant adjuvant to certain medicines. 
 
 Syrupus Lobelue. (Mr. Procter.) Vinegar of lobelia f^vj, 
 sugar ^xij. Dissolve by a gentle heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Lobelia. 
 
 Use. A good form for administering, in asthma. 
 
 Syrupus Malorum. From apple-juice, as Syrupus Cydonias. 
 
 Syrupus ALarrubii. P. Dried horehound §j, horehound water 
 ibij ; digest in a water-bath for 2 hours, strain, and add sugar 
 fbiv. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and reputed expectorant. 
 
 Use. A popular remedy in colds. 
 
 Syrupus Mentha. From mint (the herb), as Syrupus Marru- 
 
 bii. — [Syrupus Aquae Alenthse, as Syrupus Aquas Aurantii.] 
 Syrupus aTorphue Acetatis. P. Dissolve gr. iv of acetate 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 229 
 
 of morphia in a very little water, with a few drops of acetic 
 acid, and mix the solution with |xvj of cold syrup. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent anodyne demulcent, in pec- 
 toral affections. 
 
 Syrupus Morphia Sulphatis. P. From sulphate of morphia 
 as the last. [A fluid ounce of each contains ith of a grain of the 
 salt of morphia. They are intended as substitutes for Syrupus 
 Papaveris.] 
 
 Syrupus Mori. L. Strained mulberry juice Oj, refined sugar 
 ftnjss j dissolve by a gentle heat, and set it aside for 24 hours : 
 afterwards remove the scum, and pour off the clear liquid from 
 the dregs. [In like manner syrups may be prepared from 
 strawberries, raspberries, pine-apples, &c] 
 
 Use. To impart a pleasant flavour to drinks. 
 
 Syrupus Opii. D. Extract of opium gr. xviij, boiling water 
 f^viij ; macerate, strain, and add sugar q. s. to make a syrup. 
 — P. Dissolve gr. xvj of extract of opium in g ss of water, add 
 to it f^xvj of boiling syrup ; boil for an instant, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the following. 
 
 Syrupus Papaveris. L., E. [Syrupus Papaveris Somniferi, 
 D.] Poppy capsules (without the seeds) Ibij, water Cong, v; 
 boil to Cong, ij ; express, and again boil to Oiv ; set aside for 
 12 hours, decant, boil to Oij, add sugar Ibv, and make a syrup. 
 [The presence of the seeds is thought to dispose the syrup to 
 ferment.] — Mr. Southall recommends it to be prepared with 
 a cold infusion, made by percolation, the above proportions 
 being employed. — P. directs 3iv of the alcoholic extract of 
 poppies to be dissolved in ^iv of water, and the solution added 
 to Ibiv of boiling syrup, continuing the boiling to a proper con- 
 sistence. — Dose, fjss to f3j, for an infant. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A very mild anodyne and demulcent syrup, 
 intended for infantile cases. 
 
 Syrupus Persimmonis. Unripe persimmons, slightly crushed, 
 
 20 
 
230 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 ■fviij, boiling water Oj; infuse till cold, and strain. Boil with 
 ^viij of sugar, to the consistence of syrup. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent. 
 
 Use. In chronic diarrhoea, and dysentery. 
 
 Syrupus Pruni Virginians. (Mr. Procter.) Macerate |jiv 
 of wild cherry bark, powdered, with f^xij of water, and put it 
 into a percolator, adding water till f^xij of liquid are obtained, 
 retaining the first portions, if not clear • dissolve in this liquor 
 Hbij of white sugar. — Dose, a tablespoonful. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and sedative. 
 
 Use. An elegant substitute for the cold infusion. 
 
 Syrupus Quinine Sulphatis. P. Dissolve gr. xxxij of sulphate 
 of quinine in 3ij of water, with a few drops of alcoholized sul- 
 phuric acid, and mix the solution with ^xvj of white syrup, 
 without heat. (Lemon syrup may also be used.) 
 
 Use. A good form of administering quinia to children. 
 
 Syrupus Rhamni. L., E., D. Fresh juice of buckthorn berries 
 (cleared by subsidence) Oiv, sliced ginger £vj, bruised pimento 
 ^vj, sugar Ibiv ; macerate the ginger and pimento with Oj of 
 the juice for 4 hours, with a gentle heat, and strain ; boil the 
 rest to Ojss, and dissolve the sugar in the mixed liquors. 
 
 Med. Prop. A brisk cathartic. 
 
 Syrupus Rhatanis. See Syrupus Krameriae. 
 
 Syrupus Rhei. U. S. Bruised rhubarb §ij ; macerate in boil- 
 ing water Oj for 24 hours, and strain ; then add refined sugar 
 ft>ij, and proceed in the manner directed for Simple Syrup. — 
 Dose, fjj to f5ij 7 in infantile cases. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Rhubarb. 
 
 Syrupus Rhei Aromaticus. U. S. Spiced Syrup of Rhubarb. 
 Bruised rhubarb ^ijss, bruised cloves, bruised cinnamon, each, 
 gss, bruised nutmeg 3ij> diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 
 days, strain, evaporate by water-bath to Oj, filter while hot, and 
 mix with Ovj of syrup previously heated. [It may also be pre- 
 pared by percolation.] — Dose, f3J, in infantile diarrhoea, 
 
 Med. Prop. A warm stomachic laxative. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 231 
 
 Syrupus Rikeados. L., E. [Syrupus Papaveris Rhoeados, D.~] 
 To Oj of water, heated in a water-bath, add gradually Ibj of red 
 poppy-petals ; then remove from the fire, macerate for 12 hours, 
 strain, and make a syrup with Ubijss of sugar. 
 
 Use. It has no medicinal virtues, and is very liable to ferment. 
 
 Syrupus Ros^e. L., D. [Syrupus Rosae Centifolise, E.~\ Dried 
 petals of the hundred-leaved rose 3vij, boiling water Oiij j mace- 
 rate for 12 hours, and strain. Evaporate the strained liquid to 
 Oij, strain, and dissolve in it Ibvj of white sugar. — E. directs 
 the fresh petals of the damask rose to be infused in boiling water 
 for 12 hours, and the sugar then added. 
 
 Med. Prop. Gently laxative. 
 
 Use. In infantile cases. 
 
 Syrupus Rosa Gallica. E. Red rose petals ^ij, boiling water 
 Oj, pure sugar |jxx, infuse for 12 hours, strain, and dissolve 
 the sugar by heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. G-ently astringent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly to impart a fine red colour to mixtures. 
 
 Syrupus Ruta. Infuse ^ j of rue in Oj of boiling water, strain, 
 and add twice its weight of sugar ; or triturate 8 drops of the 
 oil of rue with Oj of simple syrup. (Pereira.) 
 
 Syrupus Sambuci. Boil the juice of elder berries for an instant 
 with twice its weight of sugar. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Sambucus. 
 
 Syrupus Sarsaparilla. D. [Syrupus Sarzse, L., E.~\ Sarsa- 
 parilla sliced, ^xv, boiling water Cong, j ; macerate for 24 
 hours, boil down to Oiv, strain, add ^xv of sugar, and boil to a 
 syrup. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Sarsaparilla ; but not a good preparation. 
 
 Syrupus Sarsaparilla Compositus. U. S. Powdered sarsa- 
 parilla Ibij, rasped guaiacum ^iij, red roses, senna, and bruised 
 liquorice root, each, ^ij, diluted alcohol Ox; macerate for 14 
 days, express and filter ; evaporate the tincture by water-bath, 
 to Oiv, filter, add sugar (refined) Ibviij, and dissolve it as recom- 
 mended for Simple Syrup. To this, when cold, add oil of anise 
 
232 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 tr^v, oil of sassafras irj?v, oil of partridge-berry "n^iij, previously 
 triturated with a little of the syrup. — Dose, fjss. [For a more 
 concentrated syrup, see Extractuni Sarzse Compositum.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent preparation of sarsaparilla ; 
 much employed as an alterative in chronic disorders, especially 
 secondary syphilis. 
 
 Syrupus Soiled. U S. y E. Vinegar of squill Oj, refined sugar 
 Ibij j add them together, and proceed as directed for Simple 
 Syrup. — Dose, f^ss to fjj, for an adult. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant expectorant. 
 
 Use. In pectoral affections, after the subsidence of the inflamma- 
 tion. 
 
 Syrtjptjs Scill^e Compositus. U. S. Hive Syrup. Squill and 
 seneka, bruised, each, ^iv, tartrate of antimony and potassa gr. 
 xlviij, water Oiv, sugar (refined) Ibiijss. Pour the water upon 
 the squill and seneka, boil to one half, strain, add the sugar, 
 evaporate to Oiij, and, while still hot, dissolve in it the tartar 
 emetic. [It may also advantageously be prepared by displace- 
 ment.] — Dose, 10 drops to a fluidrachm. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emetic, diaphoretic, expectorant, and cathartic. 
 
 Use. In croup, and chronic pectoral affections. 
 
 Syrtjptjs Senn^e. L. Senna ^ijss, fennel seed %x } boiling water 
 Oj ; digest for an hour, strain, and add manna ^iij, sugar 3 XV > 
 and boil to a syrup. — E. directs senna 3jiv, boiling water f^xxiv ; 
 infuse for 12 hours, strain with strong expression, so as to obtain 
 fjxxij of liquid. Concentrate Ibiv of treacle as far as possible 
 in a vapour-bath, add to it the infusion, stirring carefully, and 
 removing the vessel from the bath as soon as the mixture is 
 complete. — U. S. directs senna ^ij, fennel seed, bruised, ^j, 
 boiling water Oj, sugar 3xv. The senna and fennel seed to be 
 digested in the water with a gentle heat, for an hour, then strained, 
 the sugar added, and then evaporated to the proper consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Intended chiefly as a cathartic for children. 
 
 Syrupus Senn^e Concentratus. See Extractum Sennse Fluidum. 
 Another method of preparing it is that of Mr. Duhamel : Mace- 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 233 
 
 rate gviij of coarsely powdered senna with f^xvj of diluted 
 alcohol for 12 hours ; put it into a displacement apparatus, and 
 pour in water, till f^xlviij have passed. Evaporate to f^v, and 
 dissolve in it |v of sugar; strain, and, when cold, add for each 
 fluid ounce 2 drops of oil of fennel dissolved in a little comp. 
 spirit of sulphuric ether. — Dose, fgss. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A good substitute for Senna, the griping 
 qualities of which are obviated. 
 
 Syrupus Seneg^e, U. S. Boil |iv of bruised seneka with Oj 
 of water to one half, strain, and add 3bj of refined sugar, and 
 proceed in the manner directed for Simple Syrup. [It may also 
 be advantageously prepared by displacement.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A stimulant expectorant ; — in chronic pul- 
 monary complaints. 
 
 Syruptjs Simplex. See Syrupus. 
 
 Syrupus Stramonii. From the extract, as Syrupus Belladonnae. 
 
 Syruptjs Tolutani. U.S. [Syrupus Tolutanus, L.,E. Syrupus 
 Balsami Tolutani, D.~\ Tincture of Tolu f^j, syrup Ojss; mix 
 together, and, by means of a water-bath, evaporate to the proper 
 consistence. 
 
 Med. Prop. Almost inert. 
 
 Use. To impart flavour to cough mixtures. 
 
 Syrupus Tragacanth^. (GIuibourt.) Make a mucilage of 
 5J of tragacanth with ^ij of water; add ^vj more water, heat 
 for half an hour in a water-bath, mix with it ^xxxij of syrup, 
 boil to a due consistence, and strain through flannel. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Syrupus Acacise. 
 
 Syrupus Viol^:. E., D. Fresh violets Ibj, infuse for 24 hours 
 in boiling water Oijss, in a covered glass or earthen vessel, strain 
 without pressure, and add pure sugar Ibvijss. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A gentle laxative for infants. 
 
 Syrupus Zingiberis. U S., L., E., D. Mix together fgiv of 
 tincture of ginger and Cong, j of Simple Syrup, and, by means of a 
 
 20* ♦ 
 
234 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 water-bath, evaporate to the proper consistence. [The other 
 Phars. direct it to be made from the infusion.] 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A warm stomachic addition to other pre- 
 parations. 
 
 Tabacum. U. S., L., E. [Nicotiana Tabacum, D.~] Tobacco. 
 The leaves of Nicotiana Tabacum. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful sedative narcotic, emetic, diuretic, and 
 errhine. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in infusion, as an enema, in strangulated hernia, and 
 ileus ; also to the throat, in spasmodic croup ; also as an ointment, 
 in porrigo of the scalp. 
 
 Tamarindus. U S.j L., E. [Tamarindus Indicus, D.~\ Tama- 
 rinds. The preserved fruit of Tamarindus Indica. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, and refrigerant. 
 
 Use. As a drink, in fevers. 
 
 Tanacetum. U. 8. (/Sec.) [Tanacetum Yulgare, D.~\ Tansy. 
 The herb of Tanacetum vulgare. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and reputed emmenagogue, and anthelmintic. 
 
 Use. In amenorrhcea. 
 
 Tapioca. U $., E. The fecula of the root of Jatropha Manihot. 
 
 Med. Prop. Nutritious, and demulcent. 
 
 Use. As an article of diet. 
 
 Taraxacum. U. S., L., E. [Leontodon Taraxacum, D.~\ Dan- 
 delion. The root of Leontodon Taraxacum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, diuretic, and laxative ; also alterative to the 
 liver. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in disorders connected with a deranged secretion of 
 the liver. 
 
 Terebinthina. U. S. Turpentine. The juice of Pinus palus- 
 tris, and other species of Pinus. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, diuretic, anthelmintic, and cathartic. 
 
 Use. As the essential oil. See Oleum Terebinthinae. 
 
 Terebinthina Canadensis. U. S., L. [Balsamum Canadense, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 235 
 
 E. y D.~\ Canada Turpentine. Canada Balsam. Balsam of 
 Fir. The juice of Abies balsamea. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Terebinthina Chia. L., E., D. Chian Turpentine. The 
 liquid resinous exudation of Pistachia Terebinthus. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Terebinthina. 
 
 Terebinthina Veneta. E., D. Venice Turpentine. Liquid 
 resinous exudation of Abies Larix. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Terebinthina. 
 
 Terebinthina Vulgaris. L., D. Common European Turpen- 
 tine. The resinous liquid exudation of Pinus sylvestris. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Terebinthina. 
 
 Testa Pr^eparata. U S. [Testae Prseparatae, L.~\ Prepared 
 Oyster-shell. Free oyster-shell from extraneous matters, wash 
 it with boiling water, and reduce it to powder ; then prepare it 
 in the manner directed for chalk. See Creta Preparata. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, and absorbent; the minute quantity of 
 animal matter blended with the carbonate of lime is supposed 
 to render it more acceptable to a delicate stomach. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea with acidity. 
 
 Theina. Thein, or Caffein, the active principle of tea and coffee, 
 can be prepared from a decoction of tea or raw coffee, by adding 
 to it a solution of subacetate of lead so long as it occasions a pre- 
 cipitate; filter the liquid, and pass sulphuretted hydrogen through 
 it, so as to free it from the lead ; again filter, and concentrate, 
 that crystals may form. 
 
 Theriaca Andromachi. Venice Treacle. This preparation con- 
 sists of 61 ingredients, and contains 1 grain of opium in 75. 
 The Theriaca of P. contains 72 ingredients, and contains 1 
 grain of opium in 72. [These preparations are now obsolete.] 
 
 Tincture. Tinctures, in a pharmaceutical sense, are solutions 
 of medicinal substances in alcohol, or diluted alcohol, prepared 
 by maceration, digestion, or percolation. Solutions in spirit of 
 ammonia and ethereal spirit are also embraced under the same 
 
236 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 denomination, but are severally distinguished as ammoniated 
 tinctures and ethereal tinctures. Rectified spirit (alcohol of sp. 
 gr. 0*835) is preferred as the solvent, when the substance to be 
 extracted is nearly, or quite insoluble in water ; diluted alcohol 
 (proof spirit) is preferred where the substance is soluble in both 
 alcohol and water. Tinctures are prepared by macerating or 
 digesting the medicinal substances in the state of coarse powder, 
 for a sufficient length of time, in the proper menstruum, or by 
 percolation. [For the method of preparing tinctures oi fresh 
 plants, see Succi Alcoholati.] Tinctures should be preserved in 
 closely-stopped bottles. 
 
 Tinctura Aconiti. JJ. S. Aconite (dried leaves) ^iv, diluted 
 alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter through 
 paper. — Dose, 20 or 30 drops. [Prepared also by percolation, 
 with aconite ^iv, diluted alcohol q. s. to cause Oij of filtered 
 liquor.] 
 
 Med. Prop. As Aconitum. 
 
 Use. A good preparation for internal use, if made from good 
 leaves. 
 
 Tinctura Aconiti cum Foliis Recentibus. P. Fresh aconite 
 is bruised and macerated for 15 days with an equal weight of 
 rectified spirits; then strain with expression, and filter the 
 liquor. — Dose, 2 to 12 drops. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding, but stronger. 
 
 Tinctura Aconiti JEtherea. P. Powdered aconite ^iv, sul- 
 phuric ether ^ xvj ; prepare by percolation, by means of an 
 adopter. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the alcoholic tinctures. 
 
 Tinctura Aconiti Radicis Concentrata. (Dr. Turnbull.) 
 Powdered aconite root Ibj, rectified spirit Ibij; digest for 7 days, 
 express the tincture, and filter. — For outward use only, in neu- 
 ralgia. 
 
 Tinctura Aloes. U. S., L. Powdered aloes ^j, liquorice giij, 
 alcohol Oss, distilled water Ojss; macerate for 14 days, and 
 filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Aloes ; — but little used. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 237 
 
 Tinctura Aloes et Myrrhs. U JS., E. [Tinctura Aloes 
 Composita, L. y D.~] Elixir Proprietatis. Powdered aloes ^iij, 
 saffron ^j, tincture of myrrh Oij ) macerate for 14 days, and 
 filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, purgative, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. In chlorosis, and amenorrhoea with constipation. 
 
 Tinctura Ammonite Composita. L. Spiritus Ammoniee Suc- 
 cinatus. Mastic Jij, rectified spirit f3ix; digest until dissolved, 
 decant, and add oil of lavender tt^ xiv, oil of amber tr^ iv, stronger 
 solution of ammonia Oj ; mix. [Without the oil of amber, this 
 forms the Eau cle Luce of the shops.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Very much as Spiritus Ammonise; — stimulant and 
 antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as a stimulant, applied to the nostrils. 
 
 Tinctura Angustur^e. D. Powdered Angustura bark ^ij, 
 
 rectified spirit f^xxxij ; macerate for 7 days, and filter. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Angustura bark. 
 
 Tinctura Antiscorbutica. P. Tinctura Armoracise Com- 
 posita. Horseradish root ^viij, black mustard seed ^iv, muriate 
 of ammonia ^ij, proof spirit ^xvj, compound spirit of scurvy 
 grass ^xvj ; macerate for a week. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant tincture, employed in scurvy. 
 
 Tinctura Antiarthritica. Dr. Graves's Gout Tincture. 
 
 Orange-peel ^ij, rhubarb ^j, powder of aloes and canella ^ij, 
 
 brandy Oij ; digest for a week. — Dose, a spoonful, night and 
 
 morning, with water. 
 Tinctura Arnica. (Prus. Ph.) Arnica flowers gjss, spirit of 
 
 wine (at 0-900) Ibj ; digest, and filter. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Arnica. 
 Tinctura Arnic^e JEtherea. P. From Arnica flowers, as 
 
 Tinctura Aconiti iEtherea. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Arnica. 
 
 Tinctura Aromatica. See Tinctura Cinnainomi Composita. 
 
238 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Tincttjra Assafcetida. U. S., L., E., D. Assafoetida giv, alco- 
 hol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, and filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Assafoetida. 
 
 Use. To make the emulsion, by the addition of water. 
 
 Tincttjra Astringens. (Dr. Copland.) Catechu ^ss, myrrh 
 ^ss, cinchona $ij, balsani of Peru 3jss, spirit of horseradish 
 ^jss, rectified spirit ^jss; digest. 
 
 Use. For sponginess of the gums. 
 
 Tincttjra Aurantii. L., E., D. Dried orange-peel ^iijss, proof 
 spirit Oij ) macerate 14 days, and strain. 
 
 Use. As an agreeable addition to infusions, decoctions, and 
 mixtures. 
 
 Tincttjra Belladonna. U. S. Belladonna leaves %ix, diluted 
 alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter through 
 paper. [Also by percolation.] — Dose, 15 to 30 drops. [Other 
 stronger tinctures are made by macerating the extract in proof 
 spirit.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A good preparation, if made from the 
 recently dried leaves ; but very apt to be inefficient. 
 
 Tincttjra Belladonna ^therea. P. As Tine. Aconiti 
 JEtherea. 
 
 Tincttjra Benzoini. P. Benzoin ^iv, rectified spirit Oj; digest 
 for 6 days. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Benzoinum; — chiefly employed to 
 flavour. 
 
 Tincttjra Benzoini Composita. U JS., L., E. [Tine. Benzoes 
 Comp., D.~] Benzoin ^iij, purified storax ^ij, balsam of Tolu 
 %h powdered aloes ^ss, alcohol Oij ', macerate for 14 days, and 
 filter through paper. [This is identical with the Balsamum 
 Traumaticum, Wade's Balsam, or Friar's Balsam. — Turling- 
 ton's Balsam consists of the above ingredients, with the addi- 
 tion of Peruvian bark, myrrh, and angelica root.] 
 
 Used as a vulnerary. 
 
 Tincttjra Buchu. D. [Tine. Buku, E.~\ Leaves of the Diosma 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 239 
 
 crenata (Buchu) gij, proof spirit Oj ; macerate for 7 days, and 
 filter. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Diosnia. 
 
 Tincttjra Camphors. U. S., L., E., D. Camphor giv, alco- 
 hol Oij ; dissolve. — Dose, 5 drops to f^j, in sugar and water. 
 — P. directs 1 part of camphor to 7 of spirit ; and a weaker solu- 
 tion, consisting of 1 part of camphor to 40 of proof spirit. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and antispasmodic ; externally, anodyne. 
 
 Use. In mild colic, and cholera ; externally, to bruises, sprains, &c. 
 
 Tinctura Cannabis Indicje. (Bengal Ph.) Resinous Extract of 
 Indian Hemp gr. xxiv, proof spirit f^j. — Dose, 5 to 10 drops 
 in neuralgia, cholera, &c. In tetanus, much larger doses are 
 given. 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful sedative narcotic. 
 
 Tinctura Cantharidis. U. S.,L., E., D. Spanish flies, bruised, 
 ^j, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and 
 filter through paper. — Dose, 20 drops to f^j, three times a day. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. The best form for the internal adminis- 
 tration of cantharides, in chronic leucorrhoea, gleet, amenor- 
 rhoea, &c. ; also externally, as a rubefacient. 
 
 Tinctura Cantharidis ^therea. P. Powdered Cantharides 
 ^iv, acetic ether Ijxxxij ; macerate for 8 days in a stoppered 
 bottle; express and filter. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Tinctura Capsici. U S.,L.,E., D. Cayenne pepper gj, diluted 
 alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, and filter through paper. 
 [Also by displacement.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant. 
 
 Use. In low states of the system ; malignant scarlet fever, and 
 in the gastric insensibility of drunkards ', also to the throat, in 
 scarlatina maligna. 
 
 Tinctura Capsici Acetata. (Van Mons.) Capsicum ^ij, 
 vinegar ^xij, proof spirit ^xij ; digest. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the last. 
 
 Tinctura Cardamomi. U. S., L., E. Bruised cardamom sfiv, 
 
240 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. [It may also be prepared by percolation.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the following. 
 
 Tinctura Cardamomi Composita. L., E., D. Cardamom seeds, 
 free from capsules, 3ijss, caraway seeds 3iJ ss > cochineal 3J> 
 cinnamon 3v, raisins, stoned, §v 3 proof spirit Oij j macerate for 
 14 days, and filter. 
 
 Med. Prop. A very agreeable carminative tincture. 
 
 Use. In mild colic, nausea, debility of the stomach, &c. 
 
 Tinctura Caryophylli. P. Digest bruised cloves with four 
 
 times their weight of spirit at 0-863, for 15 days. 
 Med. Prop. A strong aromatic tincture. 
 
 Tinctura Cascarillje. L., E., D. Powdered Cascarilla %v, 
 proof spirit Oij ; macerate for 14 days, and filter; — [17 days, 
 E. and D., or by percolation.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Cascarilla. 
 
 Tinctura Cassia. E. Cassia, in moderately fine powder, ^iijss, 
 proof spirit Oij ; digest for 7 days, strain, express strongly, and 
 filter. [Or preferably, by percolation.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Tinctura Cinnamomi. 
 
 Tinctura Castorei. U. S., L., E., D. Castor, bruised, ^ij, 
 alcohol Oij ; macerate for 7 days, express, and filter through 
 paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. Antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In hysteria, and spasmodic affections. 
 
 Tinctura Castorei Ammoniata. E. Bruised castor ^ijss, 
 assafoetida, in small fragments, 3 X ? spirit of ammonia Oij ; 
 digest for 7 days in a close vessel, strain, express strongly, and 
 filter through paper. [This is the Elixir Ecetidum of foreign 
 pharmacopoeias ; and, with the addition of 3v of opium, it forms 
 the Elixir Uterinum, or Elixir Castorei Thebaicum.~\ 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In hysteria, cramps of the stomach, &c. 
 
AMEEICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 241 
 
 Tinctura Castorei JEtherea. P. Castor §iv, sulphuric ether 
 
 gxvj; macerate for 4 days in a well-stopped bottle, and filter. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Tinctura Catechu. U S., L., P., D. Tinctura Japonica. 
 Catechu §iij, bruised cinnamon ^ij, diluted alcohol Oij ; mace- 
 rate for 14 days, express, and filter through paper. [Or by per- 
 colation, E.~] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A grateful astringent, useful in chronic 
 diarrhoea; often combined with chalk. 
 
 Tinctura Cinchonje. U. S., L., P., D. Peruvian bark [yel- 
 low, L., P., D.~\ in powder, ^vj, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate 
 for 14 days, express, and filter through paper. [Or by percola- 
 tion, allowing the bark to stand moistened with the spirit for 
 48 hours, and then displacing Oij of the tincture.] 
 
 Med. Prop. As Cinchona. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an adjunct. 
 
 Tinctura Cinchona Composita. U S., L. y P., D. ffuxam's 
 Tincture. Peruvian bark, in powder, [pale, L.; yellow, P.~\ gij, 
 bruised orange-peel ^jss, bruised serpentaria 3iij, cut saffron 
 5J, red saunders Jj, diluted alcohol f^xx ; macerate for 14 days, 
 express and filter through paper. [Or by percolation, as the pre- 
 ceding.] — Dose, f3j — iv. 
 
 Med. Prop. An excellent cordial stomachic. 
 
 Use. In low forms of fever, and malignant intermittents ; and in 
 certain forms of dyspepsia. 
 
 Tinctura Cinnamomi. U S., L., P., D. Bruised cinnamon 
 ^iij, diluted alcohol Oij ) macerate for 14 days, express, and 
 filter through paper. [Or by percolation.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As an aromatic astringent in diarrhoeas. 
 
 Tinctura Cinnamomi Composita. U S., L., P., D. Bruised 
 
 cinnamon ^j, bruised cardamom seeds ^ss, bruised ginger J iij, 
 diluted alcohol Oij ) macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. [Or by percolation, as Tine. Cinchona?.] 
 
 21 
 
242 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A stimulant cordial; — in spasm of the 
 stomach, flatulence, and debility of the stomach. 
 
 Tinctura Colchici. L., E. [Tinctura Colchici Seminis, U. S. ; 
 Tinctura Seminum Colchici, D.~\ Bruised colchicum seeds ^v, 
 proof spirit Oij j macerate for 14 days. (Za) — U.S. directs 
 colchicum seeds, bruised, ^iv, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 
 14 days, express, and filter through paper. [Or by percolation as 
 Tinctura Cinchonae.] — Dose, fjss to f3 ij • — P- directs the dried 
 cormus, one part to four of proof spirit. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Vinum Colchici, which is usually pre- 
 ferred. 
 
 Tinctura Florum Colchici. Dr. Wilson's Eau Medicinale. 
 Mix two parts of fresh juice of colchicum flowers with one of 
 brandy \ after a few days filter or decant. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Colchicum. 
 
 Tinctura Colchici Composita. L. Bruised colchicum seeds 
 ^v, aromatic spirit of ammonia Oij ) macerate for 14 days, and 
 filter. — Dose, -nj? xxx to f5J . 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Yinum Colchici, but more stimulating. 
 
 Tinctura Colombo. U S., D. [Tinctura Columbse, L., E.~] 
 Columbo, bruised, §iv, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 
 days, express, and filter through paper. [Also by percolation, 
 as Tinctura Cinchonas.] 
 
 Med. Prop. As Columbo. 
 Use. Generally as an adjuvant. 
 
 Tinctura Conii. U. S., L., E., D. Dried hemlock leaves ^iv, 
 diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. [Or by percolation, as the last.] — E. directs 
 fresh hemlock ^xij, tincture of cardamom f^x, rectified spirit 
 f^xxx; bruise, and press the hemlock, and transmit first the 
 tincture, and then the spirit through the pressed residuum into 
 the juice, gently adding water q. s. to displace the spirit remain- 
 ing in the percolator. — P. directs a tincture from the fresh leaves, 
 as Tinctura Aconiti. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Conium. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 243 
 
 Tinctura Conii iETHEREA. P. As Tinctura Aconiti JEtherea. 
 
 Tinctura Croci. E. Saffron, chopped fine, §ij ; proof spirit 
 Oij ; prepare it either by percolation or digestion, as Tinctura 
 Cinchonae. 
 
 Use. To impart colour to mixtures. 
 
 Tinctura Cubeb^e. U. S.,L. [Tinctura Piperis Cubebae, D.~\ 
 Bruised cubebs ^iv, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, 
 express, and filter through paper. [Also by displacement.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Cubeba. 
 
 Tinctura Digitalis. U. S., L., E., D. Foxglove (leaves) giv, 
 diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. [Also by displacement, as Tinctura Cinchonae.] 
 — Dose, ten to twenty drops, three times a day, carefully in- 
 creased, if necessary. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A good form for administering Foxglove. 
 
 Tinctura Digitalis JEtherea. P. As Tinctura Aconiti 
 iEtherea. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Tinctura Ferri Acetatis. D. Acetate of potash 2 parts, 
 sulphate of iron 1 part ; rub them together, dry with a mode- 
 rate heat, triturate with 26 parts of rectified spirit, digest for 7 
 days in a stoppered bottle, shaking frequently, and decant. — 
 Dose, trgxx to fjj. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Ferri Acetas. 
 
 Tinctura Ferri Ammonio-Chloridi. L. Tinctura Ferri 
 Ammoniati. Ammonio-chloride of iron (ammoniated iron) 
 ^iv, proof spirit Oj ; dissolve. 
 
 Med. Prop. A feeble and uncertain chalybeate. 
 
 Tinctura Ferri Chloridi. U S. [Tinctura Ferri Sesqui- 
 chloridi, L. ; Ferri Muriatis Tinctura, E. ; Muriatis Ferri 
 Liquor, Z>.] Muriated Tincture of Iron. Subcarbonate of 
 iron (sesquioxide) Ibss, muriatic acid Oj j mix them together, 
 shaking the mixture occasionally, for 3 days ; let the dregs 
 
244 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 subside, pour off the liquor, and then add alcohol Oiij. — Dose, 
 
 nj>x to xxx. 
 Med. Prop. An active and certain chalybeate ; it also acts on 
 
 the kidneys. 
 Use. As a tonic in scrofula; also in gleet, leucorrhcea, and 
 
 dysuria dependent on spasm of the urethra; externally, to 
 
 cancrum oris. 
 
 Tinctura Ferri Chloridi ^Etheeea. P. Teinture de Bes- 
 tuchef. Dry perchloride of iron Jj, spirit of sulphuric ether 
 3vij ; mix in a stoppered bottle, and keep it from the light. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Tinctura Ferri Protiodidi. (Calloud.) Sulphate of iron 
 ^j, iodide of potassium Jx; powder them separately, triturate 
 together, and add rectified spirit Oj ; filter, and keep in close 
 bottles, quite filled. [Each f3 contains about 4 grs. of dry 
 iodide of iron.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Liquor Ferri Iodidi. 
 
 Tinctura G-albani. D. Gralbanum, in small pieces, ^ij, proof 
 
 spirit Oij ; digest for 7 days, and filter. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Similar to Tinctura Assafoetidse, but weaker. 
 
 Tinctura Qallje. U. S., L. [Tinctura G-allanum, P., D.~\ 
 Galls, bruised, ^iv, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, 
 express, and filter through paper. [Or by percolation as Tinctura 
 Cinchonse.] 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful astringent, but used more as a test than 
 as a medicine. 
 
 Tinctura Gentians Composita. U S. } L., E., D. Tinctura 
 Amara. Bruised gentian ^ij, dried orange-peel ^j, bruised 
 cardamom seeds ^ ss, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, 
 express, and filter through paper. [Also by percolation, as 
 Tinctura Cinchonse.] 
 
 Med. Prop. An elegant tonic, and stomachic. 
 
 Use. In dyspepsia, and as an adjunct to other bitters. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 245 
 
 Tinctura GrUAiACi. U. S., L., P., D. Powdered guaiac tbss, 
 alcohol Oij J macerate for 14 days, and filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Gruaiacum. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in dysmenorrhea. 
 
 Tinctura GrUAiACi Alkalina. (Dr. Dewees.) G-uaiac (in 
 powder) >jiv, carbonate of potassa 3J SS > powdered pimento ^j, 
 diluted alcohol Ibj ; digest for a few days. — Dose, a teaspoonful, 
 3 times a day, in dysmenorrlioea. 
 
 Tinctura GrUAiACi Ammoniata. IT. S., P., D. [Tinctura 
 G-uaiaci Composita, L.~] Powdered guaiac ^iv, aromatic spirit 
 of ammonia Ojss; macerate for 14 days, and filter through 
 paper. — Dose, f3J to f5ij. 
 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, and dysmenorrhoea. 
 
 Tinctura Hellebori. U. S., L. [Tinctura Hellebori Nigri, 
 Z>.] Black hellebore, bruised, ^iv, diluted alcohol Oij; mace- 
 rate for 14 days, express, and filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Helleborus. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in amenorrhea ; but an uncertain remedy. 
 
 Tinctura Hellebori Albi. See Tinctura Veratri. 
 
 Tinctura Humuli. U. S., D. [Tinctura Lupuli, Z/.] Hops 
 ^v, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, stimulant, and narcotic. 
 
 Use. In the dyspepsia of drunkards, and in cases threatening- 
 mania a potu. 
 
 Tinctura Hyoscyami. U. S., L., P., D. Henbane leaves giv, 
 diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. [Also by percolation, as Tinctura Cinchonae.] 
 — Dose, f3ss to fjj. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Hyoscyamus. 
 
 Use. As a substitute for laudanum, in quieting coughs. 
 
 Tinctura Hyperici. Flowering tops of St. John's wort gv, rec- 
 tified spirit Oj ; digest for 3 days. 
 Use. Chiefly as an application to wounds and bruises. 
 
 21* 
 
246 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Tincttjea Iodini. U. S., L., P., D. Iodine 3j, alcohol Oj ; 
 dissolve the iodine in the alcohol, and preserve in closely-stopped 
 bottles. [Coindet directs 1 part of iodine to 12 of rectified 
 spirit.] — Dose, 10 to 20 drops. Most used externally, in ery- 
 sipelas, chilblains, and tumours. 
 
 Med. Prop. See Iodinuni. 
 
 Tinctura Iodini Composita. U. S., L. Iodine gss, iodide of 
 potassium ^j ; dissolve them in Oj of alcohol. — Dose, 15 to 20 
 drops, in water. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Iodine; — a good preparation for in- 
 ternal use. 
 
 Tinctura Iridis. Fresh powdered orris-root 1 part, rectified spirit 
 8 parts. (Sold as Esprit de Violettes.) 
 
 Tinctura Jalaps. U S., L., P., D. Jalap, in powder, |viij, 
 diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. [Also by displacement, as Tinctura Cinchonas.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Jalapa; — sometimes employed as an 
 adjunct to purgative mixtures. 
 
 Tinctura Japonica. See Tinctura Catechu. 
 
 Tinctura Kino. L., P., D. Kino, in powder, ^iijss, rectified 
 spirit Oij ; macerate for 14 days, and filter. [It is apt to be- 
 come gelatinous on keeping, and to lose its astringency.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Kino. 
 
 Tinctura Kramerme. U. S. Khatany, in powder, ^vj, diluted 
 alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter through 
 paper. [Or by percolation, as Tinctura Cinchonas.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Krameria; — a good astringent prepa- 
 ration for combination with the chalk mixture. 
 
 Tinctura Lactucarii. E. Lactucarium, in fine powder, jfiv, 
 
 proof spirit Oij ; digest, or percolate. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Lactucarium. 
 
 Tinctura Lavandula Composita. L. Spirit of lavender Ojss, 
 spirit of rosemary Oss, cinnamon 3ijss, nutmeg 3ij ss ; re d saun- 
 
AMEEICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 247 
 
 ders wood 3v ; macerate for 14 days, and strain. [For U. S., 
 E., and D., see Spiritus Lavandulae Compositus.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Stimulant, and carminative; — in nausea, 
 fainting, and debility of stomach. 
 
 Tinctura Lobelias. U. S., E. Dried lobelia (the herb) ^iv, 
 diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. — Dose, fjj to fjij, in the paroxysms of asthma. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Lobelia. 
 
 Tinctura Lobelia .ZEtherea. E. Dried lobelia, in powder, ^ v, 
 spirit of sulphuric ether Oij ; digest or percolate. [ White aw' s 
 Ethereal Tincture is : Dried lobelia Hbj, rectified spirit Oiv, spirit 
 of nitric ether Oiv, spirit of sulphuric ether Jiv; macerate for 
 14 days in a dark place, and filter. — Dose, n^v to xx.] 
 
 Med. Prop. As the last, but inferior. 
 
 Tinctura Lepulin^:. U S. [Tinctura Lupuli, E.~\ Lupulin 
 ^iv, alcohol Oij; macerate for 14 days, and filter through paper. 
 — Dose, fjj to fjij. [It is preferable to Tine. Humuli.] 
 
 Use. As Tinctura Lupuli. 
 
 Tinctura Moschi. D. Musk, in powder, Jij, rectified spirit Oj ; 
 digest for 7 days, and filter. — P. directs ^iv to Oj. 
 
 Med. Prop. This is too feeble to be of any use as an antispas- 
 modic. 
 
 Tinotera Myristic^i Composita. Essence Cephalique, P. 
 Nutmeg :§ij, cloves §ij, cinnamon ^jss, pomegranate flowers 
 ^jss, rectified spirit Oij ; macerate for 15 days, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. A strong aromatic cordial. 
 
 Tinctura Myrrhs. U. S., L., E., D. Myrrh, bruised, giv, 
 alcohol Oiij ; macerate for 14 days, and filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Myrrha. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an external application to indolent and flabby 
 ulcers, and to spongy gums, and aphthous sore mouth. 
 
 Tinctera Myrreue iETHEREA. P. As Tine. Castorei iEthcrea. 
 
 Tinctera Necis Vomicae. D. Nux vomica, rasped, 5ij, recti- 
 
248 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 fied spirit gviij ; macerate for 7 days, and filter. — Dose, 5 to 
 20 drops. 
 Med. Prop. As Nux Vomica, but inferior to the alcoholic extract. 
 
 Tinctura Olei Mentha Piperita. U. S. Essence of Pepper- 
 mint. Oil of peppermint f^ij, dissolve it in Oj of alcohol. — 
 Dose, 10 to 20 drops. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Mentha Piperita. 
 
 Use. A very convenient form for internal use, given dropped on 
 loaf sugar. 
 
 Tinctura Olei Menthje Viridis. U. S. Essence of Spear- 
 mint. As the last, substituting oil of spearmint. 
 
 Tinctura Odontalgica. Tincture of opium Jj, sulphuric ether 
 
 3iij, oil of cloves 3 drops. 
 Use. For toothache ; applied to the carious tooth. 
 
 Tinctura Opii. U. S.,L.,E.,D. Laudanum. Thebaic Tinc- 
 ture. Powdered opium ^ijss, diluted alcohol Oij j macerate for 
 14 days, express and filter through paper. — L. directs powdered 
 opium ^iij, proof spirit Oij (imp. meas.). — E. directs sliced 
 opium ^iij, to be digested in f^xiijss of water, at near 212°, for 
 2 hours, break it down with the hand, strain, and express ; then 
 macerate the residuum in f^xxvij of rectified spirit for 24 hours ; 
 strain, express, and mix together the two infusions, and filter. 
 — D. is the same as U. S. — Dose, 25 drops, equivalent to gr. j 
 of opium. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Opium. 
 
 Use. The most commonly employed preparation of opium, both 
 internally and externally. 
 
 Tinctura Opii Acetata. U. S. Opium ^ij, to be rubbed up 
 with vinegar f^ xij ; then add alcohol Oss ; macerate for 14 
 days, express, and filter through paper. — Dose, equivalent to 
 gr. j of opium, tt^ x, or 20 drops. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Tinctura Opii. 
 
 Tinctura Opii Ammoniata. E. Scotch Paregoric. Benzoic 
 acid and saffron, of each, 3yj, opium sliced ^ss, oil of anise 3J> 
 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 249 
 
 spirit of ammonia Oij ; digest for 7 days, and then filter. [80 
 minims are about equivalent to gr. j of opium.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the following, but somewhat uncertain. 
 
 Tinctura Opii Camphorata. U. S., E., D. [Tine. Camphorae 
 Composita, L.~] Paregoric Elixir. Powdered opium and ben- 
 zoic acid, of each, 5J> oil of anise f5J, clarified honey ^ij, cam- 
 phor £)ij, diluted alcohol Oij J macerate for 14 days, and filter 
 through paper. [Half a fluid ounce contains very nearly one 
 grain of opium.] — Dose, f3J, or more. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea, nausea, slight colic, coughs, and in infantile 
 cases. 
 
 [The following formulae are given by the Phila. Col. of Pharmacy 
 for Bateman's Pectoral Drops, and Godfrey's Cordial : 
 
 Bateman's Drops. Diluted alcohol Cong, iv, red saunders, rasped, 
 ^ij; digest for 24 hours, filter, and add powdered opium ^ij, 
 powdered catechu ^ij, camphor ^ij, oil of anise f3iv; digest for 
 10 days. — It contains about gr. ij of opium to the f^. 
 
 Godfrey's Cordial. Tincture of opium Ojss, sugar-house molasses 
 Oxvj, alcohol Oij, water Oxxvj, carbonate of potassa ^ijss, oil 
 of sassafras fjiv ; dissolve the carbonate of potassa in the water, 
 add the molasses, and heat over the fire till they simmer j re- 
 move the scum, and then add the laudanum and oil of sassafras, 
 well mixed together. — It contains rather more than gr. j of 
 opium to the f^.] 
 
 Tinctura Quassia. U. S., E., D. Rasped quassia gij, diluted 
 alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter through 
 paper. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Quassia ; — as an adjunct to tonic in- 
 fusions and mixtures. 
 
 Tinctura Quassia Composita. E. Bruised cardamom seed and 
 bruised cochineal, of each, ^ss, powdered cinnamon and chipped 
 quassia, of each, Jvj, raisins 3vij, proof spirit Oij ) digest for 7 
 days. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and aromatic. 
 
 Use. As the former. 
 
250 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Tinctura Rhei. U. S., E. Bruised rhubarb giij, bruised car- 
 damom seeds ^ ss, diluted alcohol Oij j macerate for 14 days, 
 express, and filter through paper. [Or by percolation, as Tine. 
 Cinchonas.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Rheum. 
 
 Tinctura Rhei Anisata. (Dr. Copland.) Rhubarb and 
 liquorice-root, of each, bruised, ^ij, aniseed and sugar, of each, 
 ^j, proof spirit Oij ; macerate for 14 days. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Tine. Rhei Composita. 
 
 Tinctura Rhei Composita. L., D. Sliced rhubarb §ijss, 
 bruised liquorice-root 5^j, sliced ginger 3iij, saffron Jiij, proof 
 spirit Oij ; macerate for 14 days, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. Laxative, and carminative. 
 
 Tinctura Rhei et Aloes. U. S., E. Elixir Sacrum. Bruised 
 rhubarb %x, powdered aloes 3 Y J> bruised cardamom seeds ^ss, 
 diluted alcohol Oij ) macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stomachic, laxative, and emmenagogue. 
 
 Use. In amenorrhoea with constipation. 
 
 Tinctura Rhei Saccharata [or Extractum Rhei Fluidum]. 
 Coarsely powdered rhubarb ^viij is to be introduced into a per- 
 colator; pour in diluted alcohol Oij, returning it till the rhubarb 
 is exhausted. Evaporate to f^vss, and then dissolve in it white 
 sugar %y. The resulting liquid should measure f^viij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A strong and certain preparation of rhubarb. 
 —Dose, fjj. 
 
 Tinctura Rhei et G-entian^e. U. S., E. Bruised rhubarb ^ij, 
 bruised gentian ^ss, diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, 
 express, and filter through paper. [Or by percolation, as Tine. 
 Cinchonas.] — Dose, f^j — iv. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stomachic, laxative, and tonic. 
 
 Use. Where a purgative is required in low states of the system. 
 
 Tinctura Rhei et Senn^. U. S. Warner's Gout Cordial. 
 Bruised rhubarb ^j, senna 3ij, bruised coriander and fennel-seeds, 
 each, 3j, red saunders 3ij, saffron and liquorice, each Jss, raisins 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 251 
 
 (stoned) Ibss, diluted alcohol Oiij ; macerate for 14 days, express, 
 
 and filter through paper. — Dose, fgss, and upwards. 
 Use. As a stomachic purgative. 
 Tinctura Rhois Toxicodendri vel Radicantis. P. From 
 
 the fresh leaves of the Poison Oak, as Tine. Aconiti cum Fol. 
 
 Recent. — Dose, 5 to 10 drops. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. See Toxicodendron. 
 
 Tinctura Sabadill^e. (Turnbull.) Digest the seeds of ceva- 
 dilla (freed from their capsules, and bruised) for 10 days, in as 
 much rectified spirit as will cover them. 
 
 Use. For external use only, in rheumatism, &c. 
 
 Tinctura Sacra. See Yinum Aloes. 
 
 Tinctura Sanguinary. U.S. Bruised blood-root ^iv, diluted 
 alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter through 
 paper. [Also by percolation.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Emetic in full doses, alterative in small quantities, 
 
 Tinctura Saponis. P. White soap ^iij, subcarbonate of pot- 
 ash Jj, proof spirit ^xij ; dissolve. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An emollient and slightly stimulant embro- 
 cation. 
 
 Tinctura Saponis. P. White soap ^iij, subcarbonate of pot- 
 ash 3J> proof spirit ^xij * dissolve. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An emollient, slightly stimulant embrocation. 
 
 Tinctura Saponis Camphorata. U. S. [Linimentum Saponis, 
 L., E., Z>.] Camphorated Tincture of Soap. Castile soap, in 
 shavings, Sjiv, camphor gij, oil of rosemary f^ss, alcohol Oij; 
 digest the soap with the alcohol by means of a water-bath, till 
 it is dissolved, filter, and add the camphor and oil. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An anodyne and mild rubefacient embro- 
 cation ; — in sprains, bruises, and local rheumatism. 
 
 Tinctura Saponis Terebinthinata. P. Baume de vie externe. 
 White soap ^iij, oil of turpentine ^iij, spirit of wild thyme Ibij, 
 water of ammonia ^ij. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant embrocation. 
 
252 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Tinctura Scammonii. P. Scammony ]§iv, rectified spirit Oj ; 
 digest. 
 
 Med, Prop, and Use. As Scammonium. 
 
 Tinctura Scill^:. U S., L., E., D. Squill giv, diluted alco- 
 hol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter through 
 paper. [Also by percolation, as Tinctura Cinchonas.] — Dose, 
 20 to 40 drops. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. It possesses all the diuretic and expecto- 
 rant virtues of Squill. 
 
 Tinctura Senn^: Composita. L., D. Elixir Salutis. Senna 
 ^iijss, caraway seeds 3iijss, cardamom seeds, bruised, 3J> rai- 
 sins §v, proof spirit Oij ; macerate for 14 days, and strain. 
 
 Med. Prop. A warm, cordial purgative. 
 
 Use. In constipation with flatulence. 
 
 Tinctura Senn^e et Jalaps. U. S. [Tinctura Sennas Compo- 
 sita, E.~\ Senna ^iij, powdered jalap ^ j, bruised caraway and 
 coriander seeds, each, ^ss, bruised cardamoms Jij, refined sugar 
 ^iv, diluted alcohol Oiij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and 
 filter through paper. [Also by percolation.] — This prepara- 
 tion, as well as the preceding one, is an imitation of the old 
 Elixir Salutis, which, however, is said to have contained 
 guaiacum. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Tinctura Serpent ari^:. U S., L., E., D. Bruised Virginia 
 snake-root ^iij, diluted alcohol Oij ', macerate for 14 days, ex- 
 press, and filter through paper. [Also by percolation.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Serpentaria ; — a useful addition to the 
 infusion of cinchona. 
 
 Tinctura Staphisagri^s Concentrata. (Dr. Turnbull.) 
 Digest stavesacre seeds in twice their weight of rectified spirit. 
 
 For external use only, in neuralgic and rheumatic affections. 
 
 Tinctura Stramonii. U S. Bruised stramonium seeds ^iv, 
 diluted alcohol Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 through paper. [Also by percolation.] — Dose, 20 to 40 drops. 
 
 Med, Prop, and Use. As Stramonium. 
 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 253 
 
 Tinctura Succini. P. Amber, in fine powder ^j, rectified 
 spirit f^xvj ; digest for 6 days, and filter- [The ethereal tinc- 
 ture, as Tinctura Castorei iEtherea.] 
 
 Tinctura Tolutani. XT, S. [Tine. Tolutana, E. ; Tine. Bal- 
 sami Tolutani, L., D.~\ Balsam of Tolu ^iij, alcohol Oij ; mace- 
 rate until the balsam is dissolved, and filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Tolutanum. 
 
 Use. As an adjuvant to cough mixtures. 
 
 Tinctura Valeriana. U S., L., E., D. Bruised Valerian root 
 ^iv, diluted alcohol Oij; macerate for 14 days, express, and 
 filter through paper. [Also by percolation.] 
 
 Med. Prop. As Valeriana. 
 
 Use. As an antispasmodic ; but it cannot be used in full doses, 
 without stimulating too much. 
 
 Tinctura Valeriana ^Etherea, [or Extractum Valeri- 
 ana Fluldum.] Coarsely powdered valerian root (English) 
 ^viij is to be uniformly packed in a percolator; add, gradually, 
 alcohol f^xij, and sulphuric ether fjiv, previously mixed to- 
 gether. Pour in diluted alcohol q. s. to displace the ethereal 
 menstruum, which is to be set aside in a shallow vessel to eva- 
 porate spontaneously. More diluted alcohol is now poured in, 
 till f^x of the liquid have passed. When the first (ethereal) 
 liquid has been reduced to f^vj, the two are to be mixed, and 
 allowed to stand for a few hours, when they are to be filtered. — 
 Dose, f5J. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent preparation of Valerian, well 
 adapted for cases requiring a mild antispasmodic, from the 
 smallness of the dose. 
 
 Tinctura Valeriana .ZEtherea. P. Valerian giv, ether 
 
 f! xv J; by percolation. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Tinctura Valeriana Ammoniata. U S., E., D. [Tine. Vale- 
 rianae Composita, L.~] Bruised valerian root siv, aromatic 
 spirit of ammonia Oij ; macerate for 14 days, express, and filter 
 
 22 
 
254 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 through paper. [Also by percolation.] — Dose, fjj to fjij, in 
 
 hysteria, and other nervous affections. 
 Tinctura Veratri^. (Dr. Turnbull.) Yeratria 3j to £j, 
 
 rectified spirit f^ij. 
 For external use only, in neuralgia. 
 
 Tinctura Zingiberis. U. S., L., E., D. Bruised ginger ^viij, 
 alcohol Oij j macerate for 14 days, express, and filter through 
 paper. [Or by percolation.] The Br. Phars. direct a much 
 weaker tincture, — ^ijss of ginger to Oij (imp. meas.) of recti- 
 fied spirit. [This is the Essence of Ginger of the shops.] 
 
 Med. Prop. An excellent stimulant carminative. 
 
 Use. In debility of stomach, flatulence, &c. 
 
 Tolutanum. U. S. [Balsamum Tolutanum, L., E. ; Toluifera 
 Balsamum, D.~\ Balsam of Tolu. The juice of Myroxylon 
 Toluiferum. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant tonic, and expectorant. 
 
 Use. In chronic pectoral affections. 
 
 Tormentilla. U. S. (Sec.), L., E. [Torinentilla Officinalis, Z).] 
 
 Tormentil. The root of Potentilla Tormentilla. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the Astringents. 
 
 Toxicodendron. U S. (Sec), L. [Rhus Toxicodendron, Z>.] 
 Poison Oak. The leaves of Bhus Toxicodendron. [The Rhus 
 radicans and R. Vemix have similar properties.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Acrid, excitant, and narcotic. 
 
 Use. In paralysis, and chronic skin diseases; but uncertain. 
 
 TRAGACANTHA. U. S., L., E. [Tragacantha G-ummi, />.] Tra- 
 gacanth. The concrete juice of Astragalus verus. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly in pharmacy, for making troches. 
 
 Triosteum. U. S. (Sec.) Fever-root. The root of Triosteum 
 perfoliatum. 
 
 Med. Prop. Cathartic, emetic, and diuretic. 
 
 Triticum Hybernum, D. [Farina, L., E.~\ Wheat Flour. Flour 
 of the seeds of Triticum vulgare, or T. hybernum. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 255 
 
 Med. Prop. Externally, as a cooling application to the skin in 
 erysipelas and urticaria. In the form of toasted bread, it forms 
 an agreeable, nutritious drink in febrile complaints. Boiled in 
 milk, bread forms an excellent emollient poultice. 
 Trochisci. Troches, or Lozenges, are small, dry, solid masses 
 composed of medicinal substances, incorporated with sugar and 
 mucilage. They are designed to be held in the mouth, and 
 slowly dissolved, and consequently should not be composed of 
 substances very disagreeable to the taste, or which require to 
 be given in large doses. Tragacanth is preferred to gum Arabic, 
 on account of its greater tenacity. The term Pastilles is some- 
 times applied generally to these preparations. 
 Trochisci Acaci^e. E. G-um Arabic giv, starch gj, refined 
 sugar K)j ; mix, and pulverize them, and make them into a pro- 
 per mass, with rose-water, for forming lozenges. [The trans- 
 parent gum paste or lozenges may be thus made : Dissolve Sbvj 
 of picked gum Arabic, without heat, in Ibviij of water, and 
 add the solution to ifevij of simple syrup. Evaporate by a 
 gentle heat to a very thick syrup, adding towards the end fgiv 
 of orange-flower water. Finish, as directed, for Pasta Jujubse.] 
 
 Use. As a demulcent, in coughs, and irritations of the throat. 
 
 Trochisci Acidi Citrici. P. Citric acid 3iij, sugar ^xvj, essence 
 of lemon 10 drops, mucilage of tragacanth q. s. ; mix, and 
 divide into 10-grain lozenges. 
 
 Use. An agreeable mode of taking citric acid. 
 
 Trochisci Acidi Lactici. Lactic acid Jij, sugar 3j, oil of va- 
 nilla 4 drops, mucilage of tragacanth q. s. 
 
 Use. A good form for administering lactic acid. 
 
 Trochisci Acidi Tartarici. E. Tartaric acid 3 ij, sugar gviij, 
 oil of lemons ttj>x; mix them thoroughly, and with mucilage 
 beat them up into a proper mass for making lozenges. 
 
 Use. A convenient method of using tartaric acid. 
 
 Trochisci Althe^e. P. Tablettes de Guimauve. Powdered 
 decorticated marshmallow root Jij, sugar |;xiv, mucilage of 
 
256 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 tragacanth (made with orange-flower water) q. s. Divide into 
 13-grain lozenges. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, 
 
 Use. For coughs, &c, 
 
 Trochisci Chocolate et Ferri. (Bouchardat.) Fine choco- 
 late i|xiv, iron reduced by hydrogen ^j \ soften the chocolate 
 by heat, mix it with the iron, and divide into lozenges of 15 
 grains each. [Levigated iron filings are sometimes substituted 
 for reduced iron,] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Chocolata Martis. 
 
 Trochisci Cret^e. U. S., E. Prepared chalk ^iv, powdered gum 
 Arabic ^j, powdered nutmeg Jj, powdered sugar ^vj ; rub 
 together till they are intimately mixed, then with water form 
 into a mass, to be divided into troches of 10 grains each. 
 
 Med. Prop. A gentle astringent, and antacid. 
 
 Use. In diarrhoea. 
 
 Trochisci Crotonis. (Soubeiran.) Croton oil irgv, starch 9j, 
 
 sugar 5J? chocolate 3ij ; divide into 30 lozenges. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Croton Oil. 
 
 Trochisci Ferri Citratis. (Beral.) Ammonio-citrate of iron 
 
 gr. xv, sugar 3iv, sugar of vanilla and cloves gr. xv ; mix, and 
 
 divide into 12-grain lozenges. 
 Use. A convenient form for the internal use of the chalybeate. 
 Trochisci Ferri Iodidi. Syrup of iodide of iron f^iij, gum 
 
 Arabic ^j, sugar ^ixss^ mix, and divide into 240 lozenges, 
 
 each containing gr. ss. of iodide of iron. 
 Use. As the former chalybeate. 
 
 Trochisci Glycyrrhiz^e. E. Liquorice and gum Arabic, each, 
 ^vj, sugar Ibj ; dissolve them in hot water, and evaporate to a 
 paste. 
 
 Use. For allaying cough. 
 
 Trochisci G-lycyrrhiz^e et Opii. U S., E. Wistar's Cough 
 Lozenges. Powdered opium gss, powdered liquorice, powdered 
 sugar, and powdered gum Arabic, of each, ^x, oil of anise f3ij ; 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 257 
 
 mix the powders intimately, add the oil, and with water form 
 them into a mass, to be divided into troches weighing each 
 6 grains. [They are sometimes made with morphia, instead of 
 opium.] — Each contains about y^th of a grain of opium. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and anodyne. 
 
 Use. To allay cough. 
 
 Trochisci Ipecacuanha. XI. S. Powdered ipecacuanha gss, 
 powdered sugar ^xiv, arrow-root ^iv, mucilage of tragacanth q. s. ; 
 mix intimately, and form into troches of 10 grains. — Each one 
 contains about i grain of ipecacuanha. 
 
 Med. Prop. Expectorant, and demulcent. 
 
 Use. In catarrhal complaints. 
 
 Trochisci Kermetis. P. Kermes mineral 3ij> sugar ^xvij, gum 
 acacia ^j, orange-flower water %'y, mix, and divide into lozenges 
 of 12 grains each. 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative. 
 
 Use. In chronic pectoral complaints, and chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Trochisci Magnesia. U. S., E. Magnesia giv, sugar flbj, 
 powdered nutmeg Jj j rub them thoroughly together, and with 
 mucilage of tragacanth q. s., form them into a mass, to be 
 divided into troches of 10 grains each. \E. directs the car- 
 bonate of magnesia.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Antacid, and laxative. 
 
 Trochisci Mentha Piperita. U. S. Oil of peppermint f3j, 
 powdered sugar Ibj ) rub thoroughly together, and then with 
 mucilage of tragacanth q. s., make into a paste, to be divided 
 into 10-grain lozenges. 
 
 Use. In nausea and flatulence; but chiefly for their pleasant 
 flavour. 
 
 Trochisci Morphia. E. Muriate of morphia 9j, tincture of 
 tolu fjfss, sugar ^xxv; dissolve the muriate in a little hot water, 
 mix it and the tincture with the sugar, beat into a mass with 
 
 22* 
 
258 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 mucilage, and divide into lozenges of 15 grains each. [Each 
 
 lozenge contains about T V^ 0I " a g ra i n of morphia.] 
 Use. To procure the effects of small doses of morphia, in coughs, 
 
 &e. 
 Trochisci Morphia et Ipecaceaxh^e, E, As the last, adding 
 
 5J of powdered ipecacuanha. 
 Med. Prop. Expectorant, and anodyne, 
 
 Trochisci Opii. E. Opium Jij? tincture of tolu f§ss, pure 
 sugar Ivj, extract of liquorice jfv, gum Arabic §v. Reduce 
 the opium to a fluid extract (as in making Extraction Opii), 
 mix it intimately with the liquorice, reduced to the consistence 
 of treacle; add the tincture, sprinkle in the powdered sugar and 
 gum, and beat the whole into a proper mass, which is to be 
 divided into 10-grain lozenges. [One grain of opium is con- 
 tained in 6 or 7 lozenges.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and demulcent. 
 
 Use. To allay coughs. 
 
 Trochisci Qeixje Seephatis. (Soebeirax.) Sulphate of quinia 
 gr. xxxij, sugar §xvj, mucilage of tragacanth q, s.; divide into 
 15-grain lozenges. 
 
 Use. As Pilulse Quiniae. 
 
 Trochisci Ehei Aromatici, P. Turkey rhubarb Jij, powdered 
 cinnamon $j, sugar gxj, mucilage of tragacanth q. s.; divide 
 into 480 lozenges. 
 
 Use. As Pilulae Ehei. 
 
 Trochisci Soe.e Bicarboxatis, E, Bicarbonate of soda ^j, 
 pure sugar ^iij, gum Arabic §ss. Pulverize them, and, with 
 mucilage of tragacanth, beat them into a proper mass for making 
 lozenges. [The Pastilles de Vichy, P., contain bicarbonate of 
 soda ^j, sugar ^xix, mucilage of tragacanth q, s.; divide into 
 troches of 9j weight.] 
 
 Med, Prop, and Use. Antacid; — in cardialgia and lithiasis. 
 
 Trochisci Toletaxi. P. Balsam of tolu gj ; dissolve in ^j of 
 rectified spirit, add §ij of water; heat in a water-bath, and filter, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 259 
 
 Make a mucilage of the filtered liquor with 9iv of tragacanth ; 
 add sugar 5 xv j> an d form a paste for lozenges. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Demulcent, and slightly expectorant. 
 
 Trochisci Zingiberis. (Soubeiran.) Powdered ginger ^j, 
 
 sugar ^vij ; form into a paste with mucilage of tragacanth, and 
 
 divide into 15-grain lozenges. 
 Med . Prop, and Use. A grateful cordial stimulant ; — in debility of 
 
 stomach, and flatulence. 
 Tussilago. L., D. Coltsfoot. The flowers and leaves of Tus- 
 
 silago Farfara. 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and slightly expectorant. 
 
 Ulmus. L. [Ulmus Campestris, D.~\ Elm Bark. The interior 
 
 bark of Ulmus Campestris. 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, feebly tonic, and astringent; also diuretic. 
 Use. In skin diseases. 
 
 Ulmus. U. S. Slippery Elm Bark. The inner bark of Ulmus 
 
 fulva. 
 Med. Prop. An excellent demulcent. 
 Use. In infusion or decoction, as a drink in dysentery, diarrhoea, 
 
 and disorders of the urinary passages ; externally, as a poultice 
 
 or lotion, in inflammatory skin diseases ; also to form tents for 
 
 dilating fistulas and strictures. 
 
 Unguenta. Ointments are fatty substances, softer than cerates, 
 usually applied by inunction. They are apt to become rancid 
 when long kept ) hence they should be prepared, as a general 
 rule, only when wanted for use. [The French pommades and 
 onguents are placed under this head.] 
 
 Unguentum Acidi Muriatici. (Dr. Corrigan.) Muriatic 
 acid 5jj spermaceti ointment ^j j mix. For scald head, — to be 
 applied night and morning, after the scabs are removed by a 
 poultice. 
 
 Unguentum Acidi Nitrici. D. Olive oil Ibj, prepared lard 
 3iv, nitric acid f3vss. Melt the oil and lard together in a glass 
 
260 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 vessel, and when they begin to congeal, add the acid, stirring 
 constantly with a glass rod. [This ointment is less efficient 
 than the Unguentum Hydrargyri Nitratis.] 
 
 Unguentum Acidi Phosphorici. (Sotjbeiran.) Phosphoric 
 
 acid (sp. gr. 1-454) £j, lard |j. 
 Use. In frictions, over osseous tumours. 
 
 Unguentum Acidi Sulphurici. D. Sulphuric acid 3j, pre- 
 pared lard J;j ; mix together. 
 Use. In scabies. 
 
 Unguentum Aconiti. (Dr. Turnbull.) Alcoholic extract of 
 
 aconite Jj, lard 3>ij- 
 Used as a substitute for Unguentum Aconitinse, in neuralgia. 
 
 Unguentum Aconiti Ammoniatum. (Dr. Turnbull.) Am- 
 
 moniated extract of aconite 3j, lard ^iij- 
 Use. In old rheumatic cases, and paralysis. 
 
 Unguentum Aconitin^:. (Dr. Turnbull.) Aconitina gr. ij; 
 triturate with 6 drops of alcohol, and add Jj of lard. [It should 
 not be employed where there is any abrasion of the skin.] 
 
 Use. In violent neuralgia. 
 
 Unguentum ^Eruginis. E. Verdigris, in fine powder, ^j, re- 
 sinous ointment ^xv. — D. Ointment of white resin Ibj, prepared 
 verdigris ^ss. 
 
 Med. Prop. Detergent, and stimulant. 
 
 Use. In chronic skin diseases, and indolent ulcers. 
 
 Unguentum Alkalinum. (Cazenave.) Subcarbonate of pot- 
 ash 3ij> lard ^ij. — (Cullerier.) Subcarbonate of soda Jij, 
 wine of opium Jj, lard %]. — Devergie uses from 9 to 15 grs. 
 of carbonate of soda with ^j of lard in lichen; 15 to 30 grs. in 
 lepra, psoriasis, and ichthyosis; and 30 to 60 grs. in porrigo 
 favosa. 
 
 Unguentum Alkalinum Camphoratum. (Cazenave.) Sub- 
 carbonate of potash 9j, lard 3vij, camphor gr. iij ; mix together. 
 Use. In sycosis. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 261 
 
 Unguentum Ammonicale. P. Pommade de Gondret. Lard 
 3vj, suet 5iv, almond oil 3ij> strong liquor ammoniae Jxij. 
 The suet, lard, and oil to be melted together, and the water of 
 ammonia added, and the whole well shaken together in a close 
 bottle. 
 
 Med. Prop. Rubefacient; and vesicant, if covered with a compress. 
 
 Unguentum Antimonii. U. S. [Unguentum Antimoniale, E. ; 
 Unguentum Antimonii Potassio-Tartratis, L. ; Unguentum Tar- 
 tari Emetici, D.~\ Tartar emetic, in fine powder, Jij (3j, Z).), 
 simple ointment ^j j mix them. 
 
 Med. Prop. Rubefacient, and vesicant ; it usually pustulates. 
 
 Use. As a counter-irritant, chiefly in chronic pectoral affections. 
 
 Unguentum Antiherpeticum. (Chevallier.) Chloride of 
 lime 3iij, subsulphate of mercury Jij, oil of almonds ^vj, lard 
 ^ij. — (Alibert.) Red sulphuret of mercury 5J SS > camphor Jss, 
 cerate ^ij. 
 
 Unguentum Aqu^e Ros^e. U.S. Cold Cream. Oil of almonds 
 f^ij, spermaceti ^ss, white wax Jj ; melt together by means of 
 a water-bath, and then add rose-water f^ij, and stir constantly 
 until cold. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A delightful cooling unguent, much em- 
 ployed as an application to chapped and abraded surfaces. 
 
 Unguentum Argenti Nitratis. (Jobert.) From 4, 8, to 12 
 parts of nitrate of silver, to 30 of lard; — for white sioellings. 
 — Mr. Macdonald prescribes 1 part of the nitrate with 7 J of 
 lard, to smear bougies, in gonorrhoea. — Mr. G-uthrie's Ophthal- 
 mic Ointment consists of gr. x of nitrate of silver, v<% xv of liquid 
 diacetate of lead (G-oulard's extract), and 5J of lard. — Vel- 
 peau's, of gr. j of the nitrate to gj of lard. — Mackenzie's, of 
 gr. v to I). 
 
 Unguentum Arsenici. {Guy's II.) Levigated arsenious acid 
 9ij, lard gj ; mix. — (Mr. Luke.) Arsenious acid gr. ij, sper- 
 maceti ointment ^j ; mix. 
 
 Use. In onychia maligna. 
 
262 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Unguentum Arsenici cum Sulphure. ( Guy's H.) Levigated 
 arsenious acid 9ij, sulphur Jj, lard ^j j mix. — (Sir A. Cooper.) 
 White arsenic 3J> sulphur 3j, spermaceti cerate jfj. — (Mr. 
 Marshall.) Arsenic and sulphur, each, 9j, cerate §j; mix. 
 
 Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Arsenici Iodide (Biett.) Iodide of arsenic 
 gr. ijss, lard gj ; mix. 
 
 Use. In obstinate skin diseases. — It requires caution. 
 
 Unguentum Arsenicale. (Mr. Carmichael.) Arseniate of 
 iron Jss, phosphate of iron 5ij; spermaceti cerate Jvj ; mix. 
 
 Use. In cancerous sores. 
 
 Unguentum Atropine. (Dr. Brooks.) Atropia gr. v, lard £iij. 
 Med. Prop. As Unguentum Belladonnas, but much more powerful. 
 Use. In neuralgia; also to dilate the pupil. 
 
 Unguentum Barii Iodide (Biett.) Iodide of barium gr. iij 
 
 to iv, lard ^j ; mix. 
 Med. Prop. Resolvent. 
 Use. To indolent tumours. 
 Unguentum Basilicum. See Ceratum Resinae. 
 
 Unguentum Belladonna. (Soubeiran.) Fresh belladonna 
 leaves 1 part, lard 2 parts ; bruise the leaves, mix them with 
 the lard, and boil them gently together till the leaves become 
 crisp; digest, and strain with pressure. — (Pereira.) Extract 
 of belladonna 3j — ij, lard^j; mix. — (Chaussier.) Extract of 
 belladonna Jij, simple cerate ^j ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Locally anodyne. 
 
 Use. In local neuralgia; to painful joints; to dilate the pupil, 
 and also the os uteri ; and to the denuded spine, in violent 
 tetanus and delirium tremens. 
 
 Unguentum Benzoini. (M. Deschamps.) Benzoin, coarsely 
 powdered, 1 part, fresh lard 25 parts; heat for 2 or 3 hours in 
 a water-bath, and strain. [An excellent basis for ointments, 
 as benzoin resists rancidity, and the decomposition of metallic 
 salts and oxides. Poplar buds have the same effect.] 
 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 263 
 
 Unguentum C^eruleum. Mercurial Ointment is so named. 
 
 Unguentum Calamine. D. Ointment of yellow wax Ibv, 
 prepared calamine Ibj ; mix. . 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A mild stimulant application to ulcers. 
 
 Unguentum Calcis Opiatum. (Guibourt.) Cucumber oint- 
 ment %ij } slaked lime Jij, tincture of opium 31J ', niix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Anodyne, and stimulant. 
 
 Use. For hemorrhoids. 
 
 Unguentum Calcis Muriatis. (Sundelin.) Chloride of 
 calcium (muriate of lime) 3j, powdered digitalis 3ij ? concentra- 
 ted vinegar 9ij, lard |jj. 
 
 Use. For chronic glandular swellings. 
 
 Unguentum Calomelanos. (Pereira.) Calomel £j, lard gj. 
 
 (Underwood.) Calomel 3j — ij, elder-flower ointment ^j. 
 Use. In eczema, and other skin diseases. 
 
 Unguentum Calomelanos Compositum. Banyer's Ointment 
 for milk scall. Calomel 3ij, burnt alum ^iy, carbonate of 
 lead 3iv, Venice turpentine 3 V J? spermaceti ointment ^jss. 
 — (Dr. A. T. Thomson.) Calomel 3J, tar ointment 3iv, sper- 
 maceti ointment ^j. 
 
 Use. In lepra. 
 
 Unguentum Cantharidis. U. S., L., D. [Unguent. Infusi 
 Cantharidis, E.~] Powdered Spanish flies ^ij, distilled water 
 Oss ) boil down to one-half, and strain ; then mix the strained 
 liquor with resin cerate (basilicon) ^viij, and evaporate to the 
 proper consistence. \E. adds Venice turpentine ^ij.] 
 
 Use. For maintaining the discharge from blisters. 
 
 Unguentum Cantharidis. E. [Ceratum Cantharidis, L.~\ 
 Cantharides, in fine powder, ^j, resinous ointment ^vij j add 
 the flies to the melted ointment, and stir briskly, as it concretes 
 on cooling. 
 
 Use. As the last. 
 
 Unguentum Tincture Cantharidis. (Dupuytren.) Tinc- 
 ture of cantharides 3j> lard. 5 lx - 
 
264 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Unguentum Cer^e Alb,e. D. "White wax Ibj, lard Ibiv; mix. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Emollient and protective. 
 
 Unguentum Cer^: Flav^;. D. Purified yellow wax Ibj, lard 
 
 Ibiv. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the last. 
 
 Unguentum Cetacei. L. Spermaceti Ointment. Sperma- 
 ceti 3vj> white wax £ij, olive oil f^iij ; melt together over a 
 slow fire, and stir constantly till cold. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A mild emollient ; used as a dressing for 
 blisters, &c. 
 
 Unguentum Cinchona. (Biett.) Powdered red bark 3ij, 
 
 almond oil Jij? beef-marrow 3^j. 
 Use. In porrigo decalvans. 
 
 Unguentum Cocculi. E. Beat the kernels of Cocculus Indi- 
 cus in a mortar, first alone, and then with five times their weight 
 of lard, gradually added. 
 
 Use. For the destruction of vermin. 
 
 Unguentum Conii. D. Fresh hemlock leaves Ibj, lard Ibj ; 
 
 boil the leaves in the lard until they become crisp, and strain 
 
 through linen. 
 Med. Prop. A mild anodyne application. 
 Use. To painful joints, scrofulous enlargements, and cancerous 
 
 sores. 
 
 Unguentum Cosmeticum. (Quincy.) Oil of almonds ^ij, 
 spermaceti 3iij, trisnitrate of bismuth Jj, oil of rhodium 6 
 drops ; mix together. 
 
 Use. As a cosmetic for the face, but liable to discoloration. 
 
 Unguentum Creasoti. US.,L.,E. Creasote fjss; add it 
 to §j of lard, previously melted, and stir them constantly, till 
 cold. 
 
 Use. In cutaneous diseases, especially porrigo of the scalp. 
 
 Unguentum Cucumis. (GtUIBourt.) Cucumber Ointment. 
 Melt together 4 parts of lard and 1 of veal suet ; strain, and 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 265 
 
 mix it well with 3 parts of juice of cucumber. In 24 hours 
 pour off the juice, and add fresh juice ; repeat this process 10 
 times. Melt, and to each pound add 3iij of powdered starch ; 
 let it settle, pour off the ointment from the sediment, strain 
 through a cloth, and stir till cold. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Unguentum Aquae Rosae. 
 
 Unguentum Cupri Subacetatis. U. S.j D. [Unguent. iEru- 
 ginis, E.~] Subacetate of copper, in fine powder, 3j> simple 
 ointment, previously melted, 3 XV > add together and stir con- 
 stantly till cold. 
 
 Med. Prop. A mild escharotic. 
 
 Use. In fungous granulations, and to the eyelids in conjunctivitis. 
 
 Unguentum Cupri Ammoniati. (Swediaur.) Solution of am- 
 monio-sulphate of copper 3J> simple cerate ,^j ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant application to indolent ulcers. 
 
 Unguentum Cupri Carbonatis. (M. Devergie.) Carbonate 
 of copper Jij, lard ^j. 
 
 Use. In impetigo and eczema of the scalp. 
 
 Unguentum Delphini^e. (Dr. Turnbull.) Delphine gr. x — 
 
 xxx, olive oil 3J ; rub together, and add §j of lard. 
 Med. Prop. A powerful local sedative. 
 Use. As Unguentum Aconitinae. 
 
 Unguentum Depilatorium. (Cazenave.) Subcarbonate of 
 
 soda 6 parts, slaked lime 4 parts, lard 30 parts. 
 Use. To remove superfluous hair. 
 
 Unguentum Ectroticum. (Fr. H.) Mercurial ointment 12 
 
 parts, wax 5 parts, black pitch 3 parts. 
 Use. To prevent the pitting of small-pox pustules. 
 
 Unguentum Elemi. L.,D. Elemi Ibj, suet ibij ; melt together, 
 and while yet hot, add common turpentine ^x, olive oil fjjij ) 
 mix together, and strain through linen. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As a gentle stimulant to weak ulcers, and 
 to maintain the discharge from issues. 
 
 23 
 
266 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Unguentum Ferri Sulphatis. (Velpeau.) Sulphate of iron 
 
 5j— ij, lard gj. 
 Use. In erysipelas. 
 
 Unguentum Fuliginis. (M. Blaud.) Wood soot gss, lard 
 
 if ij 5 mix. 
 Use. In cutaneous diseases. 
 
 Unguentum Fuliginis Compositum. Acetic extract of wood- 
 soot 5iv ? dried common salt ^x, lard ^ xiv. 
 
 Use. For tinea capitis. 
 
 Unguentum Fuligokali. (Deschamps.) Fuligokali 5j — ij, 
 lard ^iv; mix. 
 
 Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Gall^. U. JS. [Unguentum Grallarum, D.~] Pow- 
 dered galls ^j, lard ^vij ; mix together. 
 
 Use. For piles, and prolapsus ani. 
 
 Unguentum G-all^i Compositum. L. [Unguentum G-allae et 
 Opii, E.~\ Grails, in fine powder, 3ij, lard ^ij, powdered opium 
 5ss ; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and anodyne. 
 
 Use. In irritable piles. 
 
 Unguentum GtAllm cum Cupri Sulphate. Powdered galls £j, 
 sulphate of copper 9j, lard %]. An Indian remedy for ring- 
 worm of the scalp. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri. U. S., E., D. [Unguent. Hydr. 
 Fortius., L.~] Blue Ointment. Mercury flbij, lard ^xxiij, suet 
 ^j ; rub the mercury and suet, with a little of the lard, together 
 until the globules disappear, then add the rest of the lard, and 
 mix. [As the extinguishment of the mercury is a slow and 
 tedious process, many expedients for facilitating it have been 
 adopted, such as the addition of turpentine, sulphur, rancid 
 lard, and old mercurial ointment ; all of which, except the last, 
 are objectionable.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. When applied by friction, it produces all 
 the constitutional effects of mercury ; also as a resolvent in local 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 267 
 
 glandular, and other swellings ; also to the face, in small-pox, to 
 prevent the pitting. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Mitius. L. Strong mercurial oint- 
 ment Hbj, lard Ibij ; mix them. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding, but weaker. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri cum Ammonia Muriate. (Dupuy- 
 tren.) Strong mercurial ointment ^ij, muriate of ammonia, 
 in fine powder, 5J- 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As a resolvent, in chronic glandular en- 
 largements. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri cum Pice. (Barthez.) Mercurial 
 ointment 24 parts, wax 10 parts, black pitch 6 parts ; mix 
 together. 
 
 Use. To prevent the scars from small-pox. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Ammoniati. U S. [Unguent. Hydr. 
 Ammonio-Chloridi, L. ; Unguent. Precipitati Albi, E. ; Un- 
 guent. Hydr. Submuriatis Ammoniati, D.~] White Precipitate 
 Ointment. Ammoniated mercury 3j, simple ointment ^jss; mix. 
 
 Use. In cutaneous affections, as psora, porrigo, and herpes. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Chloridi. See Unguentum Calome- 
 lanos. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Bichloridi. (Guy's H.) Corrosive 
 
 sublimate gr. iij, spermaceti ointment §j. 
 Use. In chronic cutaneous diseases. 
 [The Pommade de Cerillo, P. is made with Jj of corrosive sublimate 
 
 to gj of lard, well ground together. — Dr. Corrigan uses an 
 
 ointment containing gr. v of the sublimate to ^ j of lard, in 
 
 porrigo.] 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Cyanidi. (Cazenave.) Cyanide 
 
 of mercury gr. viij, lard ^j. 
 Use. In chronic skin diseases. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Iodidi. L. Iodide of mercury 5J, 
 white wax ^ij, lard ^vj; melt the wax and lard together, and 
 
268 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 add the iodide in fine powder. [It may be diluted with lard if 
 necessary.] 
 Use. Chiefly as a dressing to chronic scrofulous ulcers, and skin 
 diseases. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Biniodidi. L. As the last, substi- 
 tuting the red iodide of mercury. 
 Use. As the last, but stronger. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Nitratis. U. $., L., D. [Unguent. 
 Citrinuni, E.~] Citrine Ointment. Dissolve ^j of mercury in 
 f^xj of nitric acid; melt together lard ^iij, and fresh neat's-foot 
 oil f^ix, and when they begin to stiffen on cooling, add the mer- 
 curial solution, and mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant and alterative application. 
 
 Use. In porrigo, tinea capitis, psoriasis, &c. ; also in psorophthal- 
 mia. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi Rubri. U. S. [Unguentum 
 Hydr. Nitrico-Oxydi, L. ; Unguent. Oxidi Hydrargyri, E. ; Un- 
 guent. Hydr. Oxydi Nitrici, D.~\ Red Precipitate Ointment. Add 
 red oxide of mercury, in very fine powder, £j to ^viij of simple 
 ointment, previously softened over a gentle fire, and mix them. 
 
 Use. In psorophthalmia and indolent ulcers. — It may require 
 dilution. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Subsulphatis. (Alibert.) Tur- 
 peth mineral 3ij, lard ^iv. — (Biett.) Turpeth mineral 3J, sul- 
 phur 3ij, lard ^iij, oil of lemon 15 drops. 
 
 Use. In skin diseases. 
 
 Unguentum Hydrargyri Sulphureti Rubri. (Alibert.) 
 
 Bed sulphuret of mercury ^j, lard ^xvj. 
 Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Iodini. U. S. [Unguent. Iodinii, D.~] Iodine gr. 
 
 xx, to be rubbed up with alcohol "njjxx, then with lard ^j, till 
 
 thoroughly mixed. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant, and resolvent. 
 Use. In chronic scrofulous, and other tumours. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 269 
 
 Unguentum Iodini Compositum. U. S. [Unguent. Iodinii Com- 
 positum, L. ; Unguent. Iodinei, E.~\ Iodine $ss, iodide of potas- 
 sium 5J ', rub them up together with alcohol f3J, and then with 
 lard f^ij, until they are thoroughly mixed. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Ipecacuanha. (Dr. Turnbull.) Powdered ipecac. 
 Jij, olive oil 3ij, lard ^ss; mix together. [Rubbed on the 
 skin for a few minutes, once or twice a day, it produces an 
 eruption.] 
 
 Use. Applied to the chest, as a counter-irritant in chronic pec- 
 toral complaints. 
 
 Unguentum Mezerei. U. S. Mezereon bark, dried, ^iv, mois- 
 ten with a little alcohol, and beat in an iron mortar, until 
 reduced to a fibrous mass; then digest it with lard ^xiv, in a 
 salt water-bath for 12 hours, strain with strong expression, and 
 allow the liquid to cool slowly. Separate the medicated lard 
 from the dregs, and melt it with white wax ^ij, and stir them 
 constantly till cold. — M. Guibourt proposes to mix 3ij of alco- 
 holic extract of mezereon with ^ix of lard, and ^j of wax. 
 
 Use. To keep up a discharge from blistered surfaces. 
 
 Unguentum Ophthalmicum. Eye Ointment. The following are 
 selected from the many bearing this name : — 
 
 Ackerman's. Red precipitate 9j, camphor gr. vj, fresh but- 
 ter gij. 
 
 Dessault's. Red oxide of mercury Jj, tutty Jj? acetate of lead 
 5J, burnt alum 3j, corrosive sublimate gr. x, rose ointment ^j; 
 grind for a long time on porphyry. 
 
 Dupuytren's. Red oxide of mercury gr. x, sulphate of zinc 9j, 
 lard Jij. 
 
 Fricke's. Nitrate of silver gr. x, balsam of Peru 3ss, zinc oint- 
 ment 3ij. 
 
 Hufeland's. Black oxide of mercury gr. ij, oil of walnut 3ij- 
 Lohsses'. Iodine gr. jss, iodide of potassium 9j, lard ^ss. In 
 opacity of the cornea. 
 
 23* 
 
270 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Rust's. Liquid diacetate of lead 3ss, wine of opium 3ss, washed 
 
 fresh butter ^ij- 
 Scarpa's. Tutty 3L a l° es g r - ij> calomel gr. ij, butter Jiijss. 
 
 Unguentum Phytolacca. (Dr. Wood.) Powdered leaves, or 
 
 root, of Phytolacca decandra (common poke) 3J> lard gj. 
 Use. In psora, tinea capitis, &c. 
 
 Unguentum Picis Liquids. U. S., L., P., D. Tar Ointment. 
 Tar and suet, of each, ibj ; add the tar to the suet, previously 
 melted with a moderate heat, and stir constantly till cold. 
 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant. 
 
 Use. In porrigo of the scalp; — it should be kept constantly 
 applied. 
 
 Unguentum Picis Nigra. L. Black Basilicon. Black pitch 
 §ix, wax ^ix, resin ^ix, olive oilf^xvj; melt together, and 
 strain. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Picis Compositum. {Guy's H.) Equal parts of 
 
 tar ointment and sulphur ointment. 
 Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Piperis Nigri. D. Powdered black pepper ^iv, 
 
 prepared lard Ibj. 
 Use. As tne last ; — not much employed. 
 
 Unguentum Plumbi Acetatis. P., D. [Ceratum Plumbi Ace- 
 tatis, L.~] Finely powdered sugar of lead ^j, simple ointment 
 ^xx; mix. 
 
 Med. Prop. Sedative, and cooling. 
 
 Use. To burns, and excoriated and inflamed surfaces. 
 
 Unguentum Plumbi Carbonatis. U. S., P., D. Finely pow- 
 dered carbonate of lead ^ij, simple ointment Ibj ; mix together. 
 Use. Same as the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Plumbi Compositum. L. Kirkland's Neutral 
 Ointment. Melt Ibiij of lead-plaster with Oj of olive oil ; mix 
 ^viij of prepared chalk with fgvj of distilled vinegar; add 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 271 
 
 the warm solution to the plaster and oil, also warm, and stir 
 till cold. 
 
 Use. For indolent ulcers. 
 
 Unguentum Plumbi Chloridi. (Mr. Tuson.) Chloride of 
 lead 3J> simple cerate %}. 
 
 Use. In cancerous ulcerations, and painful neuralgic tumours. 
 
 Unguentum Plumbi Iodidi. L. Iodide of lead gj, lard gviij ; 
 rub, and mix them. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As a discutient, in chronic and glandular 
 swellings. 
 
 Unguentum Populeum. (M. Deschamps.) Buds of poplar 
 2 parts, water 1 part, fresh lard 12 parts. Boil in a tin vessel 
 till the moisture is evaporated, strain through linen, and stir 
 now and then, whilst cooling. [See Unguent. Benzoini.] 
 
 Unguentum Potassii Cyanidi. (Cazenave.) Cyanide of potas- 
 sium gr. xij, oil of almonds Jij? cold cream ^ij. 
 
 Use. To the sound skin, for neuralgia. 
 
 Unguentum Potassje Hydriodatis. D. Iodide of potassium 9j, 
 lard %]. [It may very properly be made with Jj to the gj.] 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Unguent. Iodini, but weaker. 
 
 Unguentum Potassii Sulphureti. (Alibert.) Sulphuret of 
 potassium ^i\], carbonate of soda ^iij, lard ^iij. 
 
 Use. For ringworm. 
 
 Unguentum Quin^: Fortius. Sulphate of quinine 3j, lard 3ij. 
 
 Used by friction, in intermittents. 
 Unguentum Resin^e Alb^e. D. Lard Ibiv, white rosin Ibij, 
 
 yellow wax Ibj ; melt together, and strain. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Very similar to Ceratum Resinae. 
 
 Unguentum Resinosum. E. Resin gv, lard ^viij, wax ^ij ; 
 
 melt together. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Rosatum. P. Pommade Rosat. Washed lard 
 Ibij, petals of the hundred-leaved rose Ibiv, bruise half the 
 flowers, mix with the lard ; in 2 days melt, strain, and express. 
 
272 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Add the rest of the flowers, and in 24 hours melt, strain, and 
 express ; colour with alkanet-root. (See Unguent. Aquae Rosas.) 
 
 Unguentum Sabine. D. Fresh savine Ibss, lard Ibij ; boil 
 
 till the leaves are crisp ; strain, and add yellow wax Ibss. 
 Use. For maintaining issues. 
 
 Unguentum Sambuci. L. Elder flowers and lard, of each, ibij, 
 boil together, and express through linen. 
 
 Unguentum Sambuci Vinde. D. Fresh elder leaves bruised 
 Ibiij, lard Ibiv, suet Ibij. Boil the leaves in the lard till they 
 become crisp, then strain with expression ; lastly, add the suet, 
 and melt them together. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A cooling demulcent application. 
 
 Unguentum Scrophularle. D. Fresh leaves of Scophularia 
 nodosa (knotty figwort) Ibij, lard Ibij, suet ibj j boil together 
 till the leaves become crisp, and strain with expression. [A 
 specific in pemphigus gangrenosus. — Dr. W. Stokes.] 
 
 Unguentum Simplex. U. S., E. [Unguent. Cerae Flavas, D.~\ 
 White wax ibj, lard Ibiv ; melt them together with a moderate 
 heat, and stir constantly till cold. 
 
 Med. Prop. Emollient. 
 
 Use. As a mild dressing to blistered surfaces and ulcers ; also to 
 form the basis of other ointments. 
 
 Unguentum St aphis agri^;. (Swediaur.) Powdered stave- 
 
 sacre ^j, lard 3iij ; digest for 3 hours, and strain. 
 Use. As Unguent. Veratriag. 
 
 Unguentum Stramonii. U. S. Fresh stramonium leaves, cut 
 into pieces, Ibj, lard Ibiij, yellow wax Ibss. Boil the leaves in 
 the lard until they become friable, then strain through linen ; 
 lastly, add the wax previously melted, and stir them until they 
 are cold. 
 
 Use. In hemorrhoids, irritable ulcers, and irritable cutaneous 
 diseases. 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 273 
 
 Unguentum Sulphuris. U. S.j L., E. y D. Sulphur Ibj, lard 
 ibij j mix them. 
 
 Use. A specific in scabies. 
 
 Unguentum Sulphuris Compositum. U. S., L. Sulphur gj ? 
 ammoniated mercury, benzoic acid, each, Jj? oil of bergamot, 
 sulphuric acid, each fjj, nitrate of potassa Jij, lard Ibss. Melt 
 the lard, and add the other ingredients, and stir constantly till 
 cold. — L. directs sulphur Ibss, powdered white hellebore gij, 
 nitrate of potassa Jj? soft soap Ibss, lard Ibjss, oil of bergamot 
 ■n^xxx; mix them. 
 
 Use. As the preceding, but more irritating. 
 
 Unguentum Sulphuris Alkalinum. (Bateman.) Subcarbo- 
 nate of potash 3iv, rose-water gj, vermilion Jj, oil of bergamot 
 3ss, sulphur gxj, lard gxj ; mix them. 
 
 Use. In skin diseases. 
 
 Unguentum Sulphuris cum Carbone. (Richard.) Charcoal 
 and sulphur, each, gj, lard gv. 
 
 Unguentum Sulphuris cum Zinci. Jasser's Ointment for 
 
 tinea capitis. Sulphur gij, sulphate of zinc gj, bay ointment 
 
 gj, lard £ v. 
 Unguentum Sulphuris Iodidi. (Cazenave.) One part of 
 
 iodide of sulphur to 30 of lard.— (Pereira.) Grr. x — xxx of 
 
 the iodide, to gj of lard. 
 Use. In obstinate skin diseases. 
 Unguentum Tabaci. U. S. Fresh tobacco, cut in pieces, gj, 
 
 lard ft>j ; boil together over a gentle fire, till the leaves become 
 
 friable ; then strain through linen. 
 Use. In irritable ulcers, and tinea capitis. — It should be used 
 
 with caution. 
 
 Unguentum Olei Tabaci. Empyreumatic oil of tobacco 20 
 
 drops, simple ointment gj. 
 Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Unguentum Tannini. (Richard.) Tannin Jij, water 3ij, lard 
 gjss; mix.) — Cazenave.) Tannin 3 j, lard 3 xxx. — Astringent. 
 Unguentum Tartari Emetici. See Unguent. Antimonii. 
 
274 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Unguentum Tuti.^3. D. Unguentum Zinci Oxidi Impuri. 
 
 Prepared tutty gij, white wax ointment ^x; mix. 
 Use. As Unguent. Zinci Oxidi. 
 Unguentum Veratri Albi. U S. [Unguent. Veratri, L., Z>.] 
 
 White hellebore-root, powdered, ^ij, oil of lemons n#xx, lard 
 
 ^viij; mix them. 
 Use. In scabies, as sulphur ointment. 
 
 Unguentum Veratrle. (Dr. Turnbull.) Veratria gr. x — 
 
 xx, lard ^j. [The veratria should first be rubbed up with a 
 
 little oil.] 
 Med. Prop. A powerful local stimulant, and also anodyne. 
 Use. In neuralgia, amaurosis, and paralysis. 
 Unguentum Zinci Oxidi. U S., D. [Unguent. Zinci, L., E.~\ 
 
 Oxide of zinc ^j, lard ^vj j mix them. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A mild astringent application in chronic 
 
 ophthalmia, and skin diseases. 
 
 Unguentum Zinci Iodidi. (Dr. Ure.) Iodide of zinc £j, lard 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A resolvent application to chronic swellings. 
 
 Unguentum Zinci Sulphatis. (Scarpa.) Sulphate of zinc 
 
 5j, lard ^j. — (Klein.) Sulphate of zinc 9j, fresh butter Jij. 
 Use. To eruptions of the skin. 
 Uva Passa. U S. [Uva, L. ; Uvse Passae, E. ; Vitis Vini- 
 
 fera. Fructus siccatus, D.~] Raisins. The dried fruit of Yitis 
 
 vinifera, or common grape. 
 Med. Prop. Laxative. 
 
 Use. To impart flavour to demulcent drinks. 
 Uva Ursi. U S., L., E., D. The leaves of Arbutus Uva Ursi. 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, and tonic, with a tendency to the urinary 
 
 organs. 
 Use. In lithiasis, chronic nephritis, catarrh of the bladder, &c. 
 
 Urea Factitia. Artificial Urea. Mix 28 parts of well-dried 
 ferrocyanuret of potassium with 14 of black oxide of manganese, 
 (both in fine powder), and heat them to dull redness, on an iron 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 275 
 
 plate. Lixiviate them with cold water; add 20 J parts of dry- 
 sulphate of ammonia ; concentrate, by evaporation, with a heat 
 not exceeding 212° F. j decant the concentrated liquid; treat it 
 with rectified spirit, and crystallize. 
 Med. Prop. Diuretic. — Dose, gr. x to 9j. 
 
 Ure^e Nitras. Nitric acid throws down this salt from a concen- 
 trated solution of urea. — Dose, gr. jss, 3 times a day, in ana- 
 sarca. 
 
 Valeriana. U. S., L., E. [Valeriana Officinalis, D.~\ Valerian. 
 
 The root of Valeriana officinalis. 
 Med. Prop. Grently excitant, and antispasmodic. 
 Use. In hysteria, morbid restlessness, hypochondriasis, and in 
 
 hemicrania, especially in combination with cinchona. 
 
 Vegetabilium Preparatio. Vegetables should be collected in 
 dry weather. They should not be kept longer than a year. To 
 dry them, spread them out lightly shortly after they are 
 gathered, and dry them with a gentle heat, between 100° and 
 212° F. Preserve them in convenient vessels from the air and 
 light. 
 
 Most roots should be dug up before the leaves and stalks shoot 
 forth : annual roots, just before the time of flowering; biennial, 
 after the vegetation of the first year has ceased ; perennial, in 
 the spring, before vegetation has commenced. To preserve roots 
 fresh, put them in dry sand. Fleshy roots may be sliced, and, 
 after drying in the air, exposed to a heat of 100°. The sliced 
 bulbs should be dried at the same temperature. 
 
 Barks should be collected at the season when they are most readily- 
 separated from the wood. This, with few exceptions, is late in 
 the spring, or early in the summer. (Brande.) 
 
 Leaves are to be collected after the flowers are fairly blown, and 
 before the seeds ripen. 
 
 Seeds should be gathered when fully ripe. 
 
 Flowers should be collected when recently blown. 
 
 Pulps. — See Pulpse. 
 
276 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Yeratria. L. Boil Ifoij of bruised sabadilla in three successive 
 gallons of rectified spirit, in a retort with a receiver fitted to it. 
 Press the sabadilla, distil off the spirit from the mixed and 
 filtered liquors, and evaporate the residue to the consistence of 
 an extract. Boil this 3 times, or oftener, in water acidulated 
 with a little dilute sulphuric acid, and evaporate the clear liquor 
 to the consistence of syrup. To this, when cold, add magnesia 
 to saturation ; stir it, press, and wash it 2 or 3 times ; then dry 
 it, and digest it several times in spirit, filtering the solutions. 
 Distil off the spirit, boil the remainder in water, to which a 
 little sulphuric acid and animal charcoal are added, and strain. 
 Lastly, the charcoal being well washed, evaporate the liquors 
 to the consistence of syrup, and add aqua ammonias q. s. to pre- 
 cipitate the veratria; then wash and dry it. [The different 
 salts of veratria are obtained as the corresponding salts of mor- 
 phia.] 
 
 Med. Prop. A powerful irritant, both externally and internally ; 
 diuretic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly externally, in the form of alcoholic solution, or oint- 
 ment, in neuralgia and paralysis. 
 
 Veratrum Album. U. S., D. [Yeratrum, L., E.~\ White 
 
 Hellebore. The rhizoma of Yeratrum album. 
 Med. Prop. A violent emeto-cathartic. 
 Use. Formerly in mania, epilepsy, dropsy, and other obstinate 
 
 disorders \ occasionally in gout ; also as an errhine. 
 
 Yeratrum Yiride. U. S. American Hellebore. The rhizoma 
 of Yeratrum viride. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. Yery similar to the preceding; — it has 
 been employed as a substitute for colchicum, in gout, and neu- 
 ralgia. 
 
 Yerbascum Thapsus. D. Mullein Leaves. 
 
 Med. Prop. Demulcent, and emollient; reputed anodyne. 
 
 Yinum. U. S. [Yinum Xericum, L. ; Yinum Album, E. ; 
 Yinum Album Hispanum, />.] Sherry Wine. [Good Madeira 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 277 
 
 and Tenerijfe wines, may also be substituted.] — For the relative 
 strength of the different wines, see Appendix. 
 
 Med, Prop, and Use, As a cordial stimulant, in low forms of 
 disease, and sometimes in convalescence. 
 
 Vina Medicata, Medicated Wines are prepared in the same 
 general manner as Tinctures. From their liability to undergo 
 decomposition, they should be prepared in small quantities at a 
 time, without heat, and be kept in well-closed vessels, in a cool 
 place. 
 
 Vinum Aloes. U. &, L.j E n D. Powdered aloes §j, carda- 
 mom seeds bruised, ginger bruised, each, 3j, sherry wine Oj ; 
 macerate for 14 days, with occasional agitation, and filter through 
 paper, 
 
 Med. Prop, A warm, stomachic purgative. 
 
 Use. In chlorosis, amenorrhoea, dyspepsia, gout, &c, 
 
 Vinum Antimonii. U. S. [Vinum Antimonii Potassio-Tartratis, 
 L.; Vinum Antimoniale, P.; Liquor Tartari Emetici, Z>.] 
 Antimonial Wine, Tartar emetic 9j, sherry wine f^x; dis- 
 solve. 
 
 Med. Prop. As Tartar Emetic, 
 
 Use. A very convenient mode of administering tartar emetic in 
 small doses, especially to children, 
 
 Vinum Aromaticum. P. Aromatic species ^iv, vulnerary spirit 
 ^ij, red wine ^xxxij. — For outward use, M. Ricord sometimes 
 adds 1 to 6 per cent, of tannin. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as a detergent application to chancres and bubos ; 
 also as a wash for ulcers. 
 
 Vinum Colchici Radicis. U. S. [Vinum Colchici, L., P.] 
 Dried colchicum cormus, bruised, Ibj, sherry wine Oij ; macerate 
 for 14 days, with occasional agitation ; then express strongly, 
 and filter through paper. [Also by percolation.] — Dose, ir^x 
 to ^j. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. An excellent and certain preparation of 
 colchicum, much employed in gout, combined with magnesia 
 and its sulphate ; also with morphia. 
 
 24 
 
278 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Vinum Colchici Seminis. U S. Colchicuro. seeds, bruised, 
 giv, sherry wine Oij ; macerate for 14 days, with occasional 
 agitation; then express, and filter through paper. — Dose, fjj — ij. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Vinum Colchici Opiatum. (Eisenmann.) Wine of colchicum 
 seeds 3iij, tincture of opium 3ss. — Dose, 20 to 30 drops, in 
 gout. 
 
 Vinum Ergots. XT. S. Bruised ergot %x, sherry wine Oj ; 
 
 macerate for 14 days, with occasional agitation ; then express, 
 
 and filter through paper. — Dose, ijj to fjiij- 
 Use. To facilitate labour ; also in uterine hemorihage. 
 
 Vinum Ferri. P. Macerate for 6 days, in a matrass, ^j of 
 pure iron filings, with ^xxxij of good white wine, stirring from 
 time to time ; then decant, and filter. — (Soubeiran.) Proto- 
 tartrate of iron gr. xvj, tartaric acid gr. xvj ; triturate in a 
 glass mortar, add Ojss of white wine, and filter. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A mild chalybeate, well borne by the 
 stomach. 
 
 Vinum Ferri Acetatis. (Soubeiran.) Acetate of iron gr. 
 
 xxxij, white wine ^xvj ; mix. 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the other chalybeates. 
 
 Vinum Ferri Iodidi. (Pierquin.) Iodide of iron 3iv, Bor- 
 deaux wine Oj. — (Calloud.) Sulphate of iron gr. xij, iodide 
 of potassium gr. xvj, white wine ^j ; mix together. — Dose, 
 f5sstof5J. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Liquor Ferri Iodidi, 
 
 Vinum G-entiana. E. G-entian gss, yellow bark ^j, canella 
 3j (each in coarse powder), dried orange peel, sliced, 3ij, proof 
 spirit f^ivss; digest for 24 hours, add f^xxxvj of sherry wine, 
 digest for 7 days, express, and filter. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Tinctura G-entianse. 
 
 Vinum Ipecacuanha. U. S.,L.,E.,D. Bruised ipecac, fij, 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 279 
 
 sherry wine Oij ; macerate for 14 days, with occasional agita- 
 tion, then express, and filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Ipecacuanha, for which it is an excel- 
 lent substitute where small doses are required. 
 
 VinumOpii. U. S.,L., E., D. Sydenham's Laudanum. Opium, 
 in powder, ^ ij, cinnamon and cloves, bruised, of each Jj, sherry 
 wine Oj ; macerate for 14 days, "with occasional agitation, then 
 express, and filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. Narcotic, and stomachic. 
 
 Use. As laudanum, where the latter disagrees with the stomach ; 
 also, externally to the eye, in passive inflammation. 
 
 Vinum Opii Ferment atione Paratum. Rousseau's Laudanum. 
 Black drop. Choice opium giv, honey gxij, hot water Ibv, 
 yeast 3ij- Dissolve the opium and honey, separately, in hot 
 water; mix, and add the yeast, keep it at about 86° F., for a 
 month; express, filter, and distil off ^xvj, and evaporate the 
 residuum to jfx. Add to this §ivss of strong spirit, mix, and 
 filter. [Four drops are considered equal to half a grain of 
 extract of opium, or nearly one grain of crude opium.] 
 
 Yinum Quints Aromaticum. (Dr. Collier.) Sulphate of 
 quinia gr. xviij, citric acid gr. xv, sound orange wine f^xxiv. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Sulphate of Quinia. 
 
 Vinum Rhei. U. S., E. Bruised rhubarb gij, bruised canella 
 5J, diluted alcohol f^ij, sherry wine Oj ; macerate for 14 days, 
 with occasional agitation, then express, and filter through paper. 
 
 Med. Prop. A warm, cordial laxative. 
 
 Use. In debilitated states of the system, requiring a cathartic. 
 
 Vinum Scill^e. P. Dried squill gj, Malaga wine gxyj ; ma- 
 cerate for 12 days. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Tinctura Scillse. 
 
 Vinum Scill^ Compositum. (Richter.) Dried squill 5j, 
 orauge-peel 3iij, calamus 3iij> juniper berries 3ij, white wine 
 Ibiv ; digest for 3 days, filter, and add §ij of oxymel of squills. 
 
 Med. Prop. A stimulant diuretic. 
 
 Use. In passive dropsies. 
 
280 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Vinum Tabaci. U. S., E. Tobacco, cut in pieces, §j, sherry 
 wine Oj ; macerate for 14 days, with occasional agitation, then 
 express, and filter through paper. — Dose, as a diuretic, ttjjx — 
 xxx. It is very seldom used. 
 
 Vinum Yeeatbj Albi. U S. [Yinum Veratri, Z).] White 
 hellebore root, bruised, giv, sherry wine Oj ; macerate for 14 
 days, with occasional agitation, then express, and filter through 
 paper. — Dose, -ngx, gradually increased, 3 times a day, 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Yinum Colchici; but it is very sel- 
 dom employed, on account of its uncertainty. 
 
 Yinum Veratri Opiatum. Mr. Moore's substitute for Eau 
 Medicinale. Wine of white hellebore ^\i] y tincture of opium 
 5j ; mix, 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As Yinum Colchici. 
 
 Viola > U S. (Sec.) Violet. The herb of Viola pedata. 
 
 Viola Odorata. Flores. D. Flowers of Sweet Violet. (Viola 
 odorata.) 
 
 Med. Prop. Both species of violet are emollient, mucilaginous, 
 and slightly laxative. The root is emetic and cathartic. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an adjuvant. 
 
 Wintera. U S. (Sec.) Winters Bark. The bark of Winters 
 
 Aromatica (Drymis Winteri). 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A stimulant, aromatic tonic, used for the 
 
 same purposes as Canella. 
 
 Xanthorrhiza. U. S. (Sec.) Yellow-root. The root of Xan- 
 
 thorrhiza apiifolia, 
 Med. Prop. Tonic. 
 Use. As the simple bitters. 
 
 Xanthoxylum. U S. (Sec) Prickly Ash. The bark of Xan- 
 
 thoxylum fraxineum. 
 Med. Prop. Stimulant and diaphoretic; somewhat resembling 
 
 Mezereon and G-uaiac. 
 Use. In chronic rheumatism, &c. 
 Zinci Acetas. U S. Dissolve Ibj of acetate of lead in Oiij of 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 281 
 
 distilled water, and filter; add ^ix of granulated zinc to this 
 solution, and agitate them occasionally together in a stopped 
 bottle, until the liquid yields no precipitate with iodide of potas- 
 sium. Filter, evaporate to one-fifth, and set it aside to crystal- 
 lize. If coloured, re-dissolve it in distilled water, heat the solu- 
 tion and drop it, while hot, into a filtered solution of chloride 
 of lime, until it ceases to let fall sesquioxide of iron ; then fil- 
 ter, acidulate with a few drops of acetic acid, evaporate, and 
 crystallize. [It was formerly prepared by double decomposi- 
 tion, between acetate of lead and sulphate of zinc] 
 
 Med. Prop. Astringent, similar to the sulphate. 
 
 Use. Only externally, as a collyrium, and as an injection in 
 gonorrhoea, &c. 
 
 Zinci Carbonas. U. S. [Calamina, L. ; Zinci Carbonas Impu- 
 rum, D.~\ Native Calamine. 
 
 Zinci Carbonas Pr^paratus. U. S. [Calamina Prseparata, 
 L. ; Zinci Carbonas Impurum Prasparatum, D.~\ Heat cala- 
 mine to redness, and pulverize; then reduce it to v^ry fine 
 powder, by levigation and elutriation. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. A mild astringent and exsiccant; — in exco- 
 riations, and superficial ulcerations. 
 
 Zinci Chloridum. U. S., P. Zinc, in small pieces, jfijss, put it 
 in a glass or porcelain vessel, and add, gradually, muriatic acid 
 q. s. to dissolve it; strain, and add nitric acid 5J? and evapo- 
 rate to dryness.- — Dissolve the dry mass in water, add prepared 
 chalk 5J? let it stand for 24 hours, filter, and again evaporate 
 to dryness. [M. Righini prepares it by decomposing the sul- 
 phate of zinc by chloride of barium.] 
 
 Med. Prop. Alterative, and antispasmodic ; externally, escharotic 
 
 Use. In scrofula, epilepsy, chorea, and facial neuralgia; but 
 chiefly externally, in scirrhous and cutaneous affections. 
 
 Zinci Cyanidum. P. To a solution of pure sulphate of zinc, 
 add, gradually, a solution of cyanide of potassium ; collect the 
 precipitate, and carefully wash and dry it. — Dose, gr. £. 
 
 Med, Prop, and Use. As a substitute for hydrocyanic acid. 
 
 24* 
 
282 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Zinci Ferrocyanidum. As the former, substituting solution of 
 ferrocyanuret of potassium for cyanide of potassium. — Dose, 
 gr. i — iv. 
 
 Med. Prop, and Use. As the preceding. 
 
 Zinci Iodidtjm. Digest iodine with half its weight of finely 
 divided zinc, in a little water, and agitate frequently till the 
 solution is colourless. Evaporate with a gentle heat. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, astringent, and resolvent. 
 
 Use. Chiefly as an external application to enlarged tonsils. 
 
 Zinci Lactas. (Woehler.) To Ubij of sour milk, add gj of 
 sugar of milk in fine powder, and ^j of clean zinc filings. 
 Digest with a gentle heat for several days, adding more sugar 
 of milk as it dissolves ; heat to boiling, filter whilst hot, and 
 cool gradually in a close vessel. If not sufficiently pure, it may 
 be re-crystallized. [Also made by decomposing sulphate of zinc 
 by lactate of lead.] 
 
 Zinci Oxidum. U. S., E. [Zinci Oxidum, L., Z>.] Dissolve ibj 
 of sulphate of zinc in Oxij of distilled water; dissolve ^vjss 
 carbonate of ammonia in Oxij of distilled water; strain and 
 mix the solutions, wash the precipitate frequently in water, and 
 expose it to a strong heat, so as to drive off the carbonic acid. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. As the Sulphate. 
 
 Zinci Sulphas. U. S.,L.,E., D. White Vitriol. To ^iv of 
 zinc, in fragments, and Oiv of water, placed in a glass vessel, 
 add, by degrees, ^vj of sulphuric acid; filter through paper, 
 then boil down till a pellicle begins to form, and set it aside to 
 crystallize. 
 
 Med. Prop. Tonic, and astringent; in large doses emetic. 
 
 Use. In chorea, epilepsy, hysteria, pertussis, and obstinate inter- 
 mittents; externally, in inflammations of all the mucous mem- 
 branes ; also as a prompt emetic, in cases of poisoning. 
 
 Zinci Valerian as. Saturate valerianic acid with freshly preci- 
 
AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 283 
 
 pitated carbonate of zinc, and crystallize by slow evaporation. — 
 
 Dose, gr. ss, to gr. ij. 
 Med. Prop. Antispasmodic. 
 
 Use. In neuralgia, and other nervous derangements. 
 Zingiber. U. S., L., E. D. Ginger. The rhizoma of Zingiber 
 
 officinale. 
 Med. Prop. A grateful stimulant, and carminative. 
 Use. In dyspepsia, flatulent colic, and atonic gout; much employed 
 
 as an adjuvant \ externally, as a rubefacient. 
 

APPENDIX 
 
 DIETETIC PREPARATIONS. 
 
 As the medical attendant is frequently called upon to give 
 directions and rules for preparing the diet for the sick and conva- 
 lescent, it is obviously a matter of no little importance, that he 
 should be acquainted with these preparations. It is true that they 
 most appropriately belong to the province of the nurse, but as the 
 physician will find more or less ignorance upon the subject almost 
 universally prevalent, a proper knowledge of the modes of pre- 
 paring these articles will secure to him, frequently, a greater con- 
 fidence on the part of the patient and his friends. It was remarked 
 by the late Dr. Rush, in his lectures, that a physician should 
 spend six months in a kitchen before entering upon his practical 
 career; — an observation which will serve to show the estimate in 
 which this matter, however apparently trifling it may appear to 
 some, was held by that distinguished practitioner. 
 
 The rules to be observed in giving nourishment to the sick, will 
 generally present themselves ) but there is one in particular, which 
 should not be overlooked. In all low diseases, the attendant 
 should be directed never to give too much at once, but frequently 
 to repeat a small portion. The lapse of a very short time without 
 
286 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 food will frequently, in cases of great prostration, reduce the pa- 
 tient very low, and may even endanger his life. 
 
 The following are selected from the many dietetic preparations 
 as those which are the most useful and the most frequently used : 
 
 BISCUIT JELLY. 
 
 Take of white biscuit 4 ounces, water 4 pints ; boil down one 
 half, strain, evaporate to 1 pint, add white sugar 1 pound, red 
 wine 4 ounces, cinnamon water 1 drachm. — To be used in debility 
 of the digestive organs. 
 
 BREAD JELLY. 
 
 Boil a quart of water, and suffer it to cool. Take one-third of a 
 sixpenny loaf of bread, slice it, pare off the crust, and toast to a 
 light brown. Then put it into the water, place it on hot coals 
 in a covered pan, and boil it gently, till you find, by putting some 
 in a spoon to cool, that the liquid has become a jelly. Strain 
 through a cloth, and set it away for use. When it is to be taken, 
 warm a teacupful, sweeten it with sugar, and add a little grated 
 lemon-peel. 
 
 ISINGLASS JELLY. 
 
 Take of isinglass 2 ounces, water 2 pints; boil it to one, strain, 
 and add milk 1 pint, white sugar-candy 1 ounce. — Nutritive; in 
 convalescence. 
 
 HARTSHORN JELLY. 
 
 Take of hartshorn shavings 1 ounce, water 4 pints; strain; 
 
APPENDIX. 287 
 
 warm again with orange-juice 1 ounce, white sugar 6 ounces, 
 sherry wine 5 ounces. — As the last. 
 
 ALMOND JELLY. 
 
 Take of sweet almonds, blanched, 1 ounce, white sugar 6 
 drachms, water 4 ounces. Rub into an emulsion, strain, and add 
 melted hartshorn jelly 8 ounces, orange-flower water 1 drachm, 
 essence of lemon 3 drops. 
 
 A pleasant and nutritious article of diet. 
 
 RICE JELLY. 
 
 Mix a quarter of a pound of rice, picked and washed, with half 
 a pound of loaf-sugar, and just suflicient water to cover it. Boil 
 till it becomes a glutinous mass, then strain, and season with what- 
 ever may be thought proper. 
 
 SAGO JELLY. 
 
 Soak sago in water for an hour, pour it off, adding more, boil 
 till the sago is transparent, then add wine and sugar. 
 
 TAPIOCA JELLY. 
 
 Take of tapioca 2 tablespoonfuls, water 1 pint; boil gently for 
 an hour, or until it assumes a jelly-like appearance. Add sugar, 
 wine, and nutmeg, with lemon-juice, to suit the taste and nature 
 of the case. [This is improved by washing the tapioca well, and 
 allowing it to steep for five or six hours, changing the water three 
 times j then proceed as before.] 
 
288 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 CHICKEN JELLY. 
 
 Cut a chicken into small pieces, bruise the bones, and put the 
 whole in a stone jar with a cover that will make it water-tight. 
 Set the jar in a large kettle of boiling water, and keep it boiling 
 for three hours. Then strain off the liquid, and season it slightly 
 with salt, pepper and mace, or with loaf-sugar and lemon -juice, 
 according to the condition of the patient for whom it is intended. 
 
 CALF S FEET JELLY. 
 
 Take two calves' feet, and add to them 1 gallon of water, which 
 reduce by boiling to 1 quart. Strain it, and when cold, skim 
 the fat entirely off. Add to this the white of six or eight eggs 
 well beaten, a pint of wine, half a pound of loaf-sugar, and the 
 juice of 4 lemons, and let them be well mixed. Boil the whole 
 for a few minutes, stirring constantly, and then pass it through a 
 flannel strainer. 
 
 This forms a very nutritious article of diet for the sick and con- 
 valescent. It is superior to the isinglass-jelly. The wine may be 
 omitted or added at option. 
 
 JELLY OF CARRAGEEN OR IRISH MOSS. 
 
 Take of carrageen half an ounce, fresh milk a pint and a half. 
 Boil them down to a pint; remove any sediment by filtering or 
 otherwise, and then add the requisite quantity of sugar, with 
 lemon-juice, or peach-water, to give it an agreeable flavour. — To 
 be used freely. 
 
 The moss, before being used, should be well washed in cold 
 water, to remove its saline taste. 
 
APPENDIX. 289 
 
 decoction or barley; or, barley-water. 
 
 Take of pearl barley 2 ounces, boiling water 2 quarts. Before 
 adding the boiling water, let the barley be well washed. Then 
 boil it to one-half, and strain the liquor. A little lemon-juice and 
 sugar may be added if desirable. — To be taken ad libitum, in 
 inflammatory diseases. 
 
 RICE-WATER. 
 
 Take of rice 2 ounces; let it be well washed, and add to it 
 water 2 quarts. Boil it for an hour and a half, and then add sugar 
 and nutmeg as much as may be required. — To be taken ad libitum. 
 
 Bice, when boiled for a considerable time, assumes a gelatinous 
 form, and, mixed with milk, is a very excellent diet for children. 
 It possesses, in some measure, a constipating property, which 
 may be increased by boiling the milk. 
 
 DECOCTION OF BRAN. 
 
 Take of wheat bran, recent, 1 pint, water 3 quarts. Boil down 
 one-third, strain off the liquor, and add sugar, honey, or molasses, 
 according to the taste of the patient. 
 
 Bran Tea may be made by using boiling water, and suffering 
 the mixture to stand in a covered vessel for three or four hours. 
 
 SAGE TEA. 
 
 Take the dried leaves of sage half an ounce, boiling water 1 
 quart. Infuse for half an hour, and then strain. Sugar and lemon- 
 juice may be added in the proportion required by the patient. — In 
 the same manner may be made balm and other teas. 
 
 25 
 
290 AMEEICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 These infusions form very agreeable and useful drinks in fever, 
 and their diaphoretic powers may be increased by the addition of 
 sweet spirits of nitre, or antimonial wine. 
 
 INFUSION OF MALT. 
 
 Take of ground malt 1 pint, water, not quite brought to the 
 boiling point, 3 pints. Infuse for two hours, and strain off the 
 liquor, to which may be added sugar or lemon-juice, if required. 
 
 This was a favourite preparation with the late Dr. Parrish, in 
 inflammatory fevers. 
 
 LEMONADE. 
 
 Take of fresh lemon-juice 4 ounces, fresh and very thin peel of 
 lemon half an ounce, white sugar 4 ounces, boiling water 3 pints. 
 Let them stand until cool, then strain off for use. When em- 
 ployed in fevers, a little nitrate of potash, or sweet spirits of nitre, 
 may be added. It can be further diluted to the taste of the 
 patient. 
 
 This preparation, when freely taken, sometimes produces pain 
 in the bowels. It must, therefore, be used with some reserve as a 
 daily drink. 
 
 WATER GRUEL. 
 
 Take of oatmeal 2 ounces, water 1 quart. Boil for ten or fifteen 
 minutes, and strain, adding sugar and salt, to make it agreeable. 
 
 RICE GRUEL. 
 
 Take of ground rice 1 ounce, cinnamon 1 drachm, water 1 
 quart. 
 
APPENDIX. 291 
 
 Boil for forty ininutes, adding the aromatic near the conclusion. 
 Strain and sweeten. Wine may be added if necessary. 
 
 INDIAN GRUEL. 
 
 Put three large tablespoonfuls of Indian meal, sifted, into a 
 quart of water, in a large bowl ; wash with several waters, turning 
 off the water as the meal settles ; then boil for twenty minutes, 
 stirring all the while ; add a little salt, then strain and sweeten, 
 adding a little butter, wine, and nutmeg, if the case require. It 
 should be taken warm. — Oatmeal Gruel may be prepared in the 
 same way ; but if made of coarse grits, it should be strained after 
 boiling, and then seasoned. 
 
 PANADA. 
 
 Boil some slices of soft bread in a quart of water for five 
 minutes. Then beat the bread smooth in a deep dish, mixing with 
 it a little of the water in which it had been boiled ; mix with it a 
 bit of fresh butter, sugar, and nutmeg, according to circumstances. 
 — Or, it may be made by grating some bread, or grating or pounding 
 a few crackers ; pour on boiling water ; beat it well, and add sugar 
 and nutmeg, or cinnamon. 
 
 MILK FOR INFANTS. 
 
 Take of cows' milk one part, water two parts, loaf sugar as much 
 as may be agreeable. 
 
 It is necessary, when children are to be raised by the hand, to 
 dilute the milk. These proportions may be altered as the child 
 advances in age. The object is to make a diet as near the qualities 
 of the maternal milk as possible. [Some use a mixture of cream 
 and barley-water.] 
 
292 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 ARROW-ROOT. 
 
 Take of arrow-root a tablespoonful, sweet milk half a pint, boil- 
 ing water half a pint. Boil them a few moments over the fire. 
 
 Sweetened with loaf-sugar, it is one of the best aliments for 
 children, especially when the bowels are irritable. 
 
 The farinaceous substance called Carina is prepared by simply 
 boiling in milk, and adding sugar. 
 
 FARINA. 
 
 This substance, lately introduced as an article of diet, consists 
 of the fecula of wheat in combination with a considerable quan- 
 tity of gluten. It is prepared for use by stirring a tablespoonful, 
 or more, into a pint of boiling milk or water, and then boiling for 
 a quarter or half hour. It forms a mixture like arrow-root ; and 
 it can be prepared as a jelly by using a larger quantity of the 
 farina. It may be flavoured to suit the taste. 
 
 BOILED FLOUR. 
 
 Take of fine flour one pound ; tie it up in a linen cloth as tight 
 as possible, and, after frequently dipping it in cold water, dredge 
 the outside with flour, till a crust is formed around it, which will 
 prevent the water from soaking into it while boiling. It is then 
 boiled until it becomes a hard, dry mass. 
 
 Two or three spoonsful of this may be grated, and prepared in 
 the same manner as arrow-root, for which it forms an excellent 
 substitute. 
 
 It is used in the bowel affections of children. 
 
 VEGETABLE SOUP. 
 
 Take one potato, one turnip, one onion, with a little celery, or 
 
APPENDIX. 293 
 
 celery seed. Slice, and boil in one quart of water for an hour \ 
 add as much salt as is agreeable, and pour the whole upon a piece 
 of dry toast. 
 
 To be used when animal food would be improper. 
 
 MUTTON BROTH. 
 
 To one pound of lean mutton, allow one quart of water ; season 
 with a little salt and some parsley, and put in some large pieces 
 of the crust of bread ; boil slowly for two or three hours, skimming 
 carefully. — Beef, veal, or chicken broth may be made in the same 
 manner. Vegetables, barley, rice, &c, can be added, if expedient. 
 Mutton broth may be made more speedily by taking three chops ) 
 beat the meat on both sides, and slice thin ; put it into a sauce- 
 pan with a pint of water, a little salt and some crusts of bread, or 
 some parsley, and a small onion, sliced thin. Cover the sauce- 
 pan, and boil fast; skim, and in half an hour it will be ready 
 for use. 
 
 CHICKEN WATER. 
 
 Take half a chicken divested of all fat, and break the bones ; 
 add to this half a gallon of water, and boil for half an hour. Sea- 
 son with salt. 
 
 This water is directed by some physicians in the early stages of 
 cholera. Taken warm, it promotes vomiting, and washes out the 
 stomach. 
 
 BEEF TEA. 
 
 Take of lean beef, cut into shreds, one pound, water one quart ; 
 boil it for twenty minutes, taking off the scum as it rises. After 
 it grows cold, strain the liquor. 
 
 This preparation is more nourishing than ordinary broths, and 
 very palatable. 
 
 25* 
 
294 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 ESSENCE OF BEEF. 
 
 Take of lean beef, sliced ; put a sufficient quantity into a porter 
 bottle to fill its body, cork it loosely, and place it in a pot of cold 
 water, attaching the neck by means of a string to the handle of 
 the vessel. Boil this for an hour and a half or two hours, then 
 decant the liquor, and skim it. 
 
 To this preparation may be added spices, salt, wine, brandy, &c, 
 according to the taste of the patient and nature of the disease. It 
 contains a large amount of nourishment in a small bulk, and is 
 consequently very useful in very low forms of disease. 
 
 SUET PTISAN. 
 
 Take of sheep's suet 2 ounces, milk 1 pint, starch half an 
 ounce ; boil slowly for half an hour. 
 
 This may be used as a common drink in dysentery. 
 
 WINE WHEY. 
 
 Boil a pint of milk, and, when boiling, add a large wine-glass- 
 ful of Sherry or Madeira wine ; let it boil again, and then remove 
 it from the fire, and let it stand a few minutes ; then remove the 
 curd from the whey into a bowl, and sweeten it. 
 
 RENNET WHEY. 
 
 Take of new milk one quart, rennet (the water in which it has 
 been steeped) a large spoonful. Heat the milk, and then add the 
 rennet ; boil until the curd separates, and is all taken off. 
 
 To many persons this forms a very agreeable nutriment. 
 
APPENDIX. 295 
 
 VINEGAR WHEY. 
 
 Take of milk one pint, vinegar half an ounce ; boil for a few 
 minutes, and separate the curd. 
 
 TARTAR WHEY. 
 
 Take of milk one quart, cream of tartar half an ounce ; boil 
 until the curd separates. 
 
 TOAST WATER. 
 
 Toast some pieces of bread brown, (not burnt,) then put them 
 into a pitcher and fill it up with boiling water. Let it stand till 
 cold, then strain. — A pleasant drink in fevers, &c. 
 
 TAMARIND WATER. 
 
 Put tamarinds into a pitcher or tumbler until it is one-third 
 full ; then fill it up with cold water, cover it, and let it infuse for 
 a quarter of an hour or more. 
 
 An agreeable refrigerant drink in fevers. 
 
 COCOA. 
 
 Boil two ounces of good cocoa in a quart of water, and as soon 
 as it boils, set it on coals to simmer gently for an hour or more. 
 To be used hot. 
 
 CHOCOLATE. 
 
 Chocolate should be suffered to stand until cold, after having 
 been made in the usual way. The oily parts thus collect on the 
 surface, and should be taken off. The liquid should then be 
 boiled again, and sugar, &c, added. 
 
296 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 II. 
 
 POISONS— THEIR ANTIDOTES AND TESTS. 
 
 Cases of poisoning are so sudden and alarming, that no time can 
 be lost in administering relief. In no position of responsibility 
 which the physician may be called upon to occupy, can the pos- 
 session of accurate medical (and especially chemical) knowledge, 
 be more imperatively demanded of him, than when required to 
 direct the treatment necessary in cases of poisoning. Certainly 
 there is none in which his ignorance or deficiency in these re- 
 spects, will be more disastrous, both to his patient, and himself. 
 
 The following memoranda are added, as embracing, in a succinct 
 form, all the essential facts relating to Poisons, their Antidotes, 
 and Tests. 
 
 The arrangement closely follows that of M. Orfila's Traite des 
 Poisons. 
 
 CLASSIFICATION. 
 
 I. Irritating and Corroding (Mineral, Animal, and Vege- 
 
 table) Poisons. 
 
 II. Narcotic or Stupifying Poisons. 
 
 III. Acrid Narcotic Poisons. 
 
 L— IRRITATING AND CORRODING POISONS. 
 
 (the energetic mineral acids.) 
 
 ARSENIC AND ITS PREPARATIONS. 
 
 Object. Ejection of the poison by vomiting; its decomposi- 
 tion ; and, at the same time, protection of the stomach from its 
 action. 
 
APPENDIX. 297 
 
 Treatment. Abundant draughts of sweet milk, gruel, decoc- 
 tions of starch, or oily mixtures; tickling the fauces, &c, to 
 induce vomiting ; the stomach-pump ; emetics of sulphate of zinc. 
 Hydrated sesquioxide of iron, in large doses, is the only antidote of 
 reliance, made according to the following formula : — Dissolve sul- 
 phate of iron ^iv, in water Oij, and add thereto commercial sul- 
 phate acid 3iijss ; then boil the solution, and next add by small 
 portions, nitric acid (density 1*380) 3ix, boiling the liquid for a 
 minute or two after each addition, until it acquires a yellowish- 
 brown colour, and yields a precipitate of the same hue with am- 
 monia. Filter, and when the liquid cools, add, in full stream, 
 stronger aqua ammonia ^iijss, stirring the mixture smartly. 
 Collect the precipitate on a calico filter, and wash it till the 
 washings cease to precipitate with nitrate of baryta ; squeeze out 
 the water as much as possible, and dry the precipitate at a tem- 
 perature not exceeding 180°. It is best, as an antidote, to employ 
 it in the moist state. [Magnesia has lately been asserted to be a 
 good antidote.] 
 
 In the solid state : — Entirely sublimed by heat. If previously 
 mixed with charcoal (and placed in a suitable test-tube), deoxi- 
 dated arsenic will be obtained in form of a metallic coating inside 
 the tube, and this may be re-converted into arsenious acid, by 
 urging it in various directions along the tube, with the aid of a 
 (spirit-lamp) flame ) the facets of the crystals thus formed (on the 
 cooler situations) will be seen, in some places, with the unassisted 
 eye, but more distinctly by means of a lens of low power. 
 
 In solution : — Ammoniacal nitrate of silver produces a lemon- 
 coloured (arsenite of silver) precipitate. Ammoniacal nitrate of 
 copper throws down a fresh grass-green (arsenite of copper) pre- 
 cipitate. Transmission of sulphuretted hydrogen produces a 
 bright yellow (sesquisulphuret of arsenic) precipitate. Lime-water 
 precipitates a white (arsenite of lime) powder ; but this test is 
 not one of reliance. 
 
298 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Placed with zinc, and diluted sulphuric acid, in Marsh's appa- 
 ratus, the arseniuretted hydrogen thence arising, when lighted, 
 will deposit metallic arsenic on a piece of glass or porcelain, held 
 over the flame. 
 
 The precipitates referred to, if washed and dried, may be treated 
 as directed above for arsenic in the dry or solid condition. 
 
 [Note. In testing suspected matters obtained from the stomach, 
 these (and in cases of death, the stomach itself), must be cut or 
 broken down, and boiled during at least three quarters of an 
 hour : if not sufficiently fluid, add distilled water. Strain, and, 
 with addition of a small quantity of potash, again boil during a 
 quarter of an hour, and filter. If this liquor manifests either 
 acid or alkaline reaction, neutralize with potash, or with acetic 
 acid, as may be required ; then acidulate it faintly with hydro- 
 chloric acid. Solution of nitrate of silver will remove this acid, 
 and solution of chloride of sodium will precipitate any excess of 
 silver. The liquor may now be experimented on with the above 
 tests.] 
 
 NITRIC ACID. 
 
 Obj. To render the acid inert by neutralizing it with earthy 
 carbonates, and then to withdraw it. 
 
 Treat. Mixtures composed of chalk or magnesia with sweet 
 milk or water; linseed decoction or other mucilaginous drinks; 
 soap dissolved in water ; and enemata of the same ingredients. 
 
 By addition of copper or lead-filings, and application of heat, 
 rich red fumes are evolved. 
 
 HYDROCHLORIC (OR MURIATIC) ACID. 
 
 Obj. Same as in preceding. 
 
 Treat. Chalk must be avoided, in case of chloride of calcium 
 
APPENDIX. 299 
 
 being formed; but the other means directed for the foregoing acid 
 are proper. 
 
 Characteristic acid taste. The presence of muriatic acid (in 
 small proportion) is at all times demonstrable in the juices of the 
 stomach, therefore, proof of its presence in excess is required in 
 cases of poisoning. When a piece of glass, wetted with this acid, 
 is held close to liquor ammonias, so as to let the vapours of both 
 meet, white (muriate of ammonia) fumes are formed. Solution 
 of nitrate of silver produces a white (chloride of silver) candy-look- 
 ing precipitate. 
 
 NITRO-MURIATIC ACID. 
 
 Obj. and Treat. As for the preceding. 
 
 OXALIC ACID AND ITS SOLUBLE SALTS. 
 
 Obj. To neutralize the acid, and then evacuate the stomach by 
 immediate vomiting. 
 
 Treat. Mixtures of magnesia, chalk, whiting (or plaster 
 scraped from off the inside wall of an apartment), mixed with 
 water (the amount of the latter being as small as convenient for 
 swallowing) - } abundant drinks subsequently. No alkalies should be 
 employed. 
 
 In solid state. — Has the characterizing sour taste of most acids ; 
 and produces the same changes as they do on vegetable blues. 
 When placed in water, a crackling sound accompanies solution of 
 its crystals. 
 
 i 
 
300 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 In solution : Solution of chloride of lime produces a white 
 (oxalate of lime) precipitate, which is insoluble in hydrochloric 
 acid ; but soluble in nitric acid. Solution of nitrate of silver also 
 throws down a white precipitate, which, on being carefully dried, 
 by aid of heat, on bibulous paper, acquires a brownish outline, and 
 towards the end, shows some slight explosions. 
 
 SULPHURIC ACID. 
 
 Obj. and Treat. — Same as for Nitric Acid. 
 
 TESTS. 
 
 Solution of chloride of barium, or of nitrate of baryta, produces 
 a white (sulphate of baryta) precipitate, which is insoluble by 
 alkalies or acids. 
 
 TARTARIC ACID. 
 
 Obj. To neutralize the acid, and afterwards to remove it by 
 vomiting. 
 
 Treat. Alkaline carbonates in solution j chalk and water. [This 
 acid is now all but excluded from the list of poisons.] 
 
 ALKALIES.— ALKALINE EARTHS. 
 SOLUTION OF AMMONIA. 
 
 Obj. To clear out the stomach as quickly as possible, and pro- 
 tect it from the action of the poison. 
 
 Treat. Irritate the fauces with a feather, to promote vomiting, 
 
APPENDIX. 301 
 
 and, with the same view, give repeated teaeupfuls of warm fluids, 
 containing olive or almond oil, (or either of these oils undiluted,) 
 or gum mucilage, mixed with vinegar, citric or other vegetable 
 acids ; glysters of similar ingredients are also required. Inhala- 
 tion of the fumes of muriatic acid, or of heated vinegar, has some- 
 times proved efficacious. 
 
 Its powerfully pungent odour, and its alkaline action on vege- 
 table colours ; infusion of red cabbage will afford full illustration ; 
 (this effect is destroyed by subsequent boiling.) 
 
 Added to sulphate of copper in solution, a blue (ammoniacal 
 sulphate of copper) precipitate is obtained ; and if more solution of 
 ammonia be added, said precipitate is dissolved. [When in the state 
 of being nearly dissolved, it forms one of the important tests for 
 arsenic] 
 
 LIME. 
 
 Obj. See preceding. 
 
 Treat. Induce vomiting by irritation of throat, &c., and ad- 
 minister copious demulcent or oily drinks. 
 
 In substance. — Its peculiar odour, and austere styptic taste. 
 When triturated with muriate of ammonia, fumes and odour of 
 ammonia are evolved. 
 
 In solution. — Changes the vegetable blues to green. When 
 exposed in an open vessel to the air, a pellicle (of carbonate of lime') 
 forms on the surface ; this will effervesce, and dissolve on addition 
 of acid. Oxalic acid produces a white (oxalate of lime) precipi- 
 tate. 
 
 26 
 
302 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 POTASSA. SODA. AND THEIR CARBONATES. NITRATE OF 
 
 POTASH. 
 
 Obj. Same as preceding. 
 
 Treat. Large doses of fixed oils and mucilaginous draughts ; 
 until the matters ejected cease to show alkaline qualities. 
 
 JPotassa in the solid state. — Its appearance. Deliquesces on ex- 
 posure to the atmosphere. 
 
 In solution. — Changes the vegetable blues to green j turns the 
 yellow of turmeric to a brown colour. Addition of chloride of 
 platinum throws down a yellow precipitate. 
 
 Soda, in substance. — In sensible and general alkaline properties 
 resembles potash, but is less deliquescent. 
 
 In solution. — No yellow precipitate from addition of chloride of 
 platinum (which distinguishes it from potassa). Alcohol, when 
 mixed with soda (or any of its salts), burns with a fine yellow 
 flame, which is probably the most decided test for this alkali. 
 
 Nitrate of Potash, in substance. — Dissolved in distilled water, 
 and a small amount of sulphuric acid added, deep red fumes are 
 disengaged whenever heat (from a spirit-lamp flame) is applied. 
 
 In solution. — Chloride of platinum precipitates a yellow sub- 
 stance, as in the case of Potassa, (yid. above.) 
 
 CHLORIDE OF BARIUM, AND PREPARATIONS OF BARYTA. 
 
 Obj. Speedy decomposition of the poison, and its withdrawal 
 Treat. Sulphate of magnesia, or of soda ; the stomach-pump. 
 
 In solution. — Sulphuric acid throws down a profuse, dense, white 
 (sulphate ofbarytci) precipitate. 
 
APPENDIX. 303 
 
 Solution of nitrate of silver also produces a white (chloride of 
 silver) precipitate. Sulphuretted hydrogen produces no change of 
 appearance, — which circumstance, being peculiar to salts of barium, 
 is valuable as a negative test. 
 
 METALLIC POISONS. 
 
 ANTIMONY, TARTAR EMETIC, AND ANTIMONIAL PREPARATIONS 
 GENERALLY. 
 
 Obj\ To empty the stomach completely, and to neutralize what 
 remains. 
 
 Treat. Encourage vomiting by irritation of the throat, or em- 
 ploy the stomach-pump, if requisite ; repeated warm water draughts ; 
 decoctions of galls, or of cinchona (with tincture of the latter), or 
 green tea; together with stimulants, both internal and external. 
 
 In a solid state. — If first dried and charred, and then exposed 
 in a test-tube to intense heat (by aid of a blowpipe), globules of 
 metallic antimony appear at the bottom. 
 
 In solution. — Transmission of sulphuretted hydrogen produces 
 a reddish or orange (hydrated sesauisulphuret of antimony) pre- 
 cipitate. Should matters from the stomach be present, the solution 
 must be well agitated, along with a small portion of muriatic and 
 tartaric acid, then filtered, previous to being experimented on. 
 
 BISMUTH THE TRISNITRATE. 
 
 Obj. Complete ejection of the poison. 
 
 Treat. Induce vomiting by tickling the fauces, &c, and give 
 continuous full draughts of sweet milk. 
 
304 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 In substance. — Dissolve in nitric acid, without change of colour, 
 and without effervescing (which distinguishes it from a carbonate). 
 Sulphuric acid produces no precipitate (disproving the possible 
 idea of its being a preparation of lead). Dissolve it in nitric acid, 
 and add solution of potash so long as any precipitate is thrown 
 down ; gather this in a filter, and after washing and drying it, 
 place it on charcoal (and treat it as directed for preparations of 
 lead), when its reduction to the metallic condition will be effected. 
 
 COPPER — ITS SALTS, AND PREPARATIONS GENERALLY. 
 
 Obj. To decompose the poison, and remove it from the stomach, 
 
 Treat. Copious draughts of warm liquids containing albumen 
 
 of eggs ; continue to give eggs in the raw state for some time after 
 
 the vomiting ceases. If metallic copper has been swallowed, give 
 
 magnesia, or its carbonate, to prevent oxidisement. 
 
 TESTS. 
 
 The Sulphate, in a solid state. — Bright blue colour, astringent 
 metallic impression on the tongue. 
 
 In solution. — Transmission of sulphuretted hydrogen affords a 
 brownish-black {sulphur et of copper) precipitate. Solution of am- 
 monia precipitates a pure blue substance, which on further addition 
 of ammonia becomes dissolved j but when only a small amount of 
 the poison is present, no precipitation occurs, a clear violet-coloured 
 solution being then at once presented. Ferrocyanide of potassium 
 throws down a reddish-brown {ferrocyanide of copper) precipitate. 
 A piece of polished zinc or iron (as the blade of a penknife) ac- 
 quires a plating of copper, if placed in a liquid containing the 
 above salt. The tests for sulphuric acid will indicate its presence 
 here as the combining acid. (See Sulphuric Acid.) 
 
APPENDIX. 305 
 
 The Acetate. — Same tests as preceding, excepting the two last. 
 
 The Ammonio- Sulphate. — Has a brilliant violet-blue colour, 
 and an ammoniacal odour. Solution of arsenious acid affords a 
 fresh apple-green precipitate. (This experiment is, conversely, 
 that for arsenious acid.) 
 
 The Diacetate.—SsLme tests as for the sulphate, with exception 
 of that which is placed last. 
 
 If, in either of the foregoing cases, matters from the stomach 
 are present, boil the whole, and when cool add distilled vinegar ; 
 filter, and retain both the liquor which has passed through, and 
 the substance left in the filter. Pass sulphuretted hydrogen 
 through the former, and then boil; when the brownish product 
 has subsided (after pouring off the supernatant liquid), wash it 
 several times in distilled water. Incinerate it within a test-tube, 
 add a small amount of nitric acid, and then apply moderate heat. 
 When cool, a few drops of solution of ammonia will produce the 
 violet colour above referred to, if copper exist in the solution. 
 The substance left in the filter must be burnt (at a red heat) in a 
 crucible; and, after addition of diluted nitric acid, exposed to a 
 gentle heat, then filtered. In this state it may be examined by 
 the tests for Sulphate of Copper, in solution. 
 
 LEAD — ITS ACETATE, CARBONATE, AND PREPARATIONS 
 GENERALLY. 
 
 Obj. To decompose the poison, and then promote its ejection. 
 
 Treat. Administer solution of sulphate of zinc, or ipecacuanha, 
 followed by Epsom salts, in full doses; induce and continue vo- 
 miting. If red lead is the poison, almond or olive oil must at first 
 be given, in considerable quantity. 
 
 TESTS. 
 
 In a solid state. — Mixed with potash and charcoal, and exposed 
 to a red heat, (or placed in a suitably sized hollow in a piece of 
 
 26* 
 
306 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 charcoal, and exposed to a blowpipe flame,) metallic lead is 
 formed. 
 
 In solution. — Sulphuric acid, and sulphates, throw down a white 
 (sulphate of lead) precipitate, Solution of carbonate of soda gives 
 a white (carbonate of lead) deposit. Solution of chromate of pot- 
 ash a rich yellow (chromate of lead) precipitate. Transmission of 
 hydrosulphuric acid produces a blackish (sulphuret of lead) pre- 
 cipitate. Zinc precipitates lead from solution of any of its salts. 
 
 To render the carbonate amenable to the foregoing tests, it must 
 first be dissolved in a sufficiency of nitric acid diluted with dis- 
 tilled water. 
 
 MERCURY — CORROSIVE SUBLIMATE, 
 
 IODIDE, RED PRECIPITATE, SUBSULPHATE OR TURPETH MINE- 
 RAL, ETC., ETC. 
 
 Obj. Decomposition of the poison, and its ejection from the 
 stomach. 
 
 Treat. Albumen of eggs in continuous large doses, and infu- 
 sion of catechu afterwards; sweet milk; mixtures of flour with 
 water (for sake of gluten) in successive cupfuls; iron filings; 
 (emetics of tartrate of antimony have been recommended, to com- 
 bat ptyalism, when present.) 
 
 TESTS. 
 
 Corrosive sublimate in a solid state. — Is sublimed when heated 
 in a test-tube; and the acrimonious fumes speedily condense into 
 a crystalline, semitransparent mass. Placed in a test-tube and po- 
 tassa or soda added in solution, a yellow (peroxide of mercury) 
 precipitate is thrown down; (lime has the same effect.) Triturated 
 with an equal weight of well-dried carbonate of potassa, metallic 
 gobules of mercury will become visible. 
 
 In solution. — Ammonia throws down a white (ammonio-chh- 
 ride of mercury) precipitate. Solution of proto-chloride of tin 
 
APPENDIX. 307 
 
 affords a (perchloride of tin) precipitate, which at first is white, 
 but acquires a leaden colour on adding more of said test ; when 
 this precipitate (after being well agitated) is dried, minute glo- 
 bules of quicksilver are formed. Transmission of sulphuretted 
 hydrogen produces a (bisidphuret of mercury) precipitate, which 
 at first is leaden-coloured, and then black. Solution of iodide of 
 potassium affords an intensely brilliant scarlet (protoioduret of 
 mercury) precipitate. — Corrosive sublimate may be reduced to the 
 metallic state through galvanic influence, applied as follows : — A 
 drop of the suspected fluid laid on a piece of polished gold, and both 
 it and the gold touched at the same instant by a point of iron (as a 
 thick needle, or the end of a penknife), a small silvery coating of 
 mercury soon becomes apparent on the gold. (Being most soluble 
 in sulphuric ether, addition of this fluid is of more service when the 
 poison is found mingled with organic or other matters.) 
 
 The Bicyanide. — When sublimed within a test-tube, it con- 
 denses in yellow crystals, these, on being touched with any small 
 point, gradually acquire a fine scarlet colour. 
 
 Calomel. — Is sublimed by heat. Mixed with solution of pot- 
 ash or lime, it gives a black precipitate. When heated along with 
 potash, it at first assumes a black appearance, and then quicksilver 
 globules are observed. Sulphuric ether is equally valuable in 
 treatment of calomel as in the case of corrosive sublimate. 
 
 The Iodide. — On cautious application of heat, it sublimes in 
 red-coloured crystals, which soon change to yellow, and subse- 
 quently to a dusky hue. On exposure to a sufficient degree of 
 heat, iodine fumes are disengaged. When mixed with potash (in 
 equal weights) and heated in a test-tube, decomposition occurs, 
 metallic mercury being sublimed, and iodide of potassium deposited 
 in the tube. 
 
 Red Precipitate. — Exposed to heat in a test-tube, metallic mer- 
 cury is sublimed; evolution of oxygen being at the same time 
 demonstrable. 
 
 The Subsidpliate. — Treated in same manner as foregoing, subli- 
 mation of the mercury takes place; and sulphurous acid gas is per- 
 ceptibly evolved. 
 
308 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 SILVER — THE NITRATE. 
 
 Obj. Speedy decomposition of the poison, and its subsequent 
 evacuation from the stomach. 
 
 Treat. Give, in repeated draughts, a strong solution of chloride 
 of sodium (common salt) and continue its employment although 
 vomiting should have been complete. 
 
 In solution. — Muriatic acid or a soluble chloride throws down 
 a curdy-looking (chloride of silver') precipitate, which acquires a 
 brownish-black colour on short exposure to the light; this sub- 
 stance, after being washed and dried, fuses on being heated; and, 
 when cool, has a horny appearance. Solution of ammonia pro- 
 duces a deep brown (oxide of silver) precipitate ; if the solution of 
 ammonia is added in excess, the precipitate will be dissolved; 
 when only almost dissolved, the turbid mixture thus afforded forms 
 the ammoniaco-nitrate of silver test for arsenious acid, and may 
 itself be tested with a solution of the latter. 
 
 PHOSPHORUS. 
 
 Obj. Decomposition of the poison, and its total evacuation. 
 Treat. Mixture of magnesia and cold water, in repeated 
 draughts ; promote continuous vomiting, by tickling the fauces, &c. 
 
 The peculiarity of its odour ; its highly inflammable property, 
 when only moderately heated. 
 
APPENDIX. 309 
 
 IRRITATING AND CORRODING ANIMAL POISONS. 
 CANTHARIDES. 
 
 Obj. Immediate evacuation of the poison, and protection of 
 the stomach and intestines from its energetic action. 
 
 Treat. Promote vomiting by repeated draughts of warm water; 
 enemata of water with opium, &c. ; camphor. 
 
 TESTS. 
 
 Characteristic green and glistering appearance of the flies, when 
 a portion of them can be obtained. 
 
 THE MUSSEL, LOBSTER, DOLPHIN, CONGER EEL, 
 
 And some more varieties of fish (crustaceous, testaceous, and 
 others) are poisonous under certain (diseased) conditions. 
 
 Obj. Their removal from the stomach and intestines. 
 
 Treat. Induce full vomiting by exhibition of sulphate of zinc ; 
 mustard, in tepid water; or warm decoction of chamomile, in 
 repeated emetic quantities. Castor oil. 
 
 TESTS. 
 
 None by chemical agency. 
 
 IRRITATING AND CORRODING VEGETABLE POISONS. 
 
 COLOCYNTH, ELATERIUM, EUPHORBIUM, GAMBOGE, MEZEREON, 
 
 SAVINE. 
 
 Obj. Evacuation of the poison from the stomach and bowels. 
 Treat. Copious demulcent drinks in a warm state, succeeded 
 
310 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 by liquid cordial, stimulant or opiate medicines, suited to particu- 
 lar circumstances. 
 
 None by means of reagents. The rich yellow colour of gamboge 
 may sometimes prove a means of its detection; and familiar 
 acquaintance with others of the above substances may lead to their 
 recognition by smell, taste, &c. 
 
 II. NARCOTISING OR STUPIFYING POISONS. 
 
 OPIUM, MORPHIA, HYOSCYAMUS, LACTUCA VIROSA, LACTUCARIUM, 
 AND THEIR PREPARATIONS GENERALLY. 
 
 Obj. To empty the stomach as speedily as possible. 
 
 Treat. The stomach-pump; copious administration of warm 
 diluents ; with full emetic doses of tartrate of antimony, sulphate 
 of zinc, or sulphate of copper, and ipecacuanha. After sufficient 
 evacuation, give vegetable acids in a suitably diluted state. During 
 said treatment, application of cold water to the head, &c, should 
 be persevered in, and in many instances, mustard applications to 
 the feet, and the patient strenuously aroused whenever he sub- 
 sides into a lethargic condition. Artificial respiration should be 
 employed after other means fail. 
 
 Opium in substance. — Its peculiar taste, colour, and odour, 
 (especially the latter quality, when arising from opium in a soft- 
 ened or moist state, and more so, if it be moderately heated, as 
 when just obtained from the stomach.) 
 
 In solution. — Nitric acid throws down a red coloured (iiitrate of 
 morphia) precipitate. Tincture of the muriate of iron produces 
 a (meconate of iron) deposit, which is also red. 
 
APPENDIX. 311 
 
 When the suspected fluid has been procured from the stomach, 
 it usually contains a mingling of organic substances; these must 
 be broken down, and the whole rendered sufficiently fluid, by addi- 
 tion of distilled water when necessary, then slightly acidulated 
 with acetic acid; the liquor thus obtained, when well agitated, 
 and afterwards filtered, must be evaporated to the thickness of 
 syrup ; and after being digested with alcohol, it must be boiled, 
 and again concentrated to nearly the consistence of syrup. When 
 this alcoholic extract (as it has been called) is dissolved in dis- 
 tilled water, solution of ammonia, cautiously added, produces a 
 (morphia) precipitate, which acquires a yellow colour when nitric 
 acid is dropped into it. When the last-named precipitate is 
 removed by filtration, and acetate of lead added to the super- 
 natant (ineconate of ammonia) liquor, a (ineconate of lead) depo- 
 sit is afforded, which, when suspended in water, is decomposed 
 by transmission of sulphuretted hydrogen ; a dark precipitate (sul- 
 phur et of lead) being thereby thrown down. The fluid remaining 
 from this last process acquires a deep cherry-red hue, on addition 
 of the sesquichloride of iron. 
 
 Morphia, in a solid state. — Is soluble only in a slight degree of 
 water. Nitric acid turns it first to an orange, and then to a yel- 
 low colour. When suspended in water, it is changed to a dull 
 blue, on addition of tincture of muriate of iron. 
 
 HYDROCYANIC (OR PRUSSIC) ACID. 
 
 CHERRY-LAUREL OIL, AND CHERRY-LAUREL WATER; BITTER 
 ALMOND (AND ITS OIL). 
 
 Obj. Endeavour to counteract the deadly sedative, congestive 
 influence of the poison. 
 
 Treat. The internal remedies best calculated to act chemically 
 on this poison, are, carbonate of potash in solution, quickly suc- 
 ceeded by watery solutions of sulphate of iron, (with the inten- 
 
312 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 tion of decomposing the acid, and forming the less injurious sub- 
 stance named Prussian blue:*} the instances of successful treat- 
 ment by these , or indeed by any other kind of treatment, are 
 extremely rare, however. Inhalation of chlorine gas, ammonia, 
 &c, artificial respiration, exhibition of energetic stimulants — 
 such as brandy, liquid ammonia, chlorine-water, chloride of soda, 
 and of lime, have all been extolled, and may be tried ; also mus- 
 tard poultices to the stomach, and cowhage applied over the chest : 
 venesection at the neck, temples, &c, and affusion of cold water 
 to the head and spinal district, are more likely to prove timely 
 excitant and effective remedies. Employment of the stomach- 
 pump, emetics, &c, seems here a most improbable means of relief, 
 or rather a waste of time. 
 
 TESTS. 
 
 The (bitter almond) peculiarity of its odour. When a little 
 potash is mixed with liquids containing the poison, and solution of 
 sulphate, or sesquichloride of iron added, a grayish-green precipi- 
 tate is thrown down, which deepens to a Prussian-blue tint, on 
 addition of a few drops of sulphuric acid. The nitrate of silver 
 produces a white (cyanide of silver) precipitate, which, after being 
 washed and dried, and then held on a watch-glass over a flame, 
 burns with a fresh rose-colour, cyanogen being at same time 
 evolved. 
 
 When a mixture is to be examined, containing matters from 
 the stomach, &c, if alkaline, it must first be neutralized by addi- 
 tion of sulphuric acid, then one-eighth part cautiously distilled 
 therefrom into a receiver immersed in some frigorific mixture; 
 and the product may then be tested by nitrate of silver, as above. 
 
 * Messrs. J. & J. H. Smith, of Edinburgh, recommend, as an antidote 
 for Prussic acid, a mixture of the sulphates of the protoxide and sesqui- 
 oxide of iron, associated with carbonate of potassa. So soon as the 
 antidote comes in contact with hydrocyanic acid, sulphate of potassa is 
 formed, and the poison is converted into Prussian blue. (American Jour- 
 nal of Medical Science, January, 1845, from the Lancet.) 
 
APPENDIX. 313 
 
 GASEOUS (NARCOTIC) POISONS. 
 CHLORINE, CARBONIC ACID, CARBURETTED HYDROGEN, 
 
 Obj. To avert suffocating symptoms, in the first place. 
 
 Treat. Remove the patient from the situation or apartment 
 in which the poison had been inhaled, or open the doors, win- 
 dows, &c, for admission of pure air : continued application of 
 cold water to the head and neck. Venesection may be necessary, 
 or cupping at the back of the neck; cautious inhalation of steam 
 from warm water placed in a convenient vessel. 
 
 Chlorine. — Take a bottle containing distilled water into the 
 tainted apartment, and after pouring out more than half, cork the 
 bottle, and (to the retained portion of water) apply the tests 
 directed for muriatic acid. 
 
 Carbonic Acid. — Proceed with a bottle of (lime) water, as just 
 described ; the solution of lime acquires a milky appearance on 
 being well agitated, if the said gas may have been in the atmo- 
 sphere of the apartment. A lighted candle will detect the pre- 
 sence of carbonic acid gas (if in excess), by being immediately 
 extinguished in the tainted atmosphere ; it must, for this purpose, 
 be held near the floor. [The utmost caution is required to be 
 observed in introducing lighted tapers into close situations sup- 
 posed to contain this gas, lest an explosive hydrocarbon may, 
 instead, be met with.] 
 
 27 
 
314 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 III.— ACRID NARCOTIC POISONS. 
 
 ALCOHOL, BELLADONNA, COCCULUS INDICUS, COLCHICTTM AUTUM- 
 NALE, DIGITALIS, FOOLS' PARSLEY, HELLEBORE, WATER HEM- 
 LOCK, SPOTTED HEMLOCK, HYPOPHYLLUM (MANY VARIETIES), 
 POISONOUS MUSHROOMS, NUX VOMICA, STRAMONIUM, SABA- 
 DILLA, TOBACCO, VERATRIA, VERATRUM ALBUM, ETC., ETC. 
 
 Obj. To relieve the stomach and bowels of their poisonous con- 
 tents as speedily as possible. 
 
 Treat. The stomach-pump, tickling the fauces, emetics, warm 
 diluents, demulcents, sulphate of magnesia or of soda, and simi- 
 lar treatment to that directed above for Opium, Morphia, &c. 
 
 By sensible qualities chiefly. In fatal cases from alcohol, the 
 stomach should, with its contents, be cut and broken down; and 
 after sufficient fluidity given to the mixture by addition of dis- 
 tilled water, it should be submitted to repeated distillation at a 
 heat under 212°. 
 
 POISONED WOUNDS OF EVERY KIND. 
 
 Obj. To prevent absorption of the virus. 
 
 Treat. If on the extremities, tie a ligature tightly round the 
 limb, &c, between it and the heart; apply cupping-glasses, so as to 
 include the wound ; then, or at first, apply caustic potassa, nitrate 
 of silver, or the actual cautery ; removal of the part by the knife. 
 Peculiar directions for the management of accidents of this nature, 
 however, are here unnecessary, as they more properly belong to 
 works on Surgery. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 315 
 
 III. 
 
 TABLE OF SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS, SOME OF WHICH ARE 
 EMPLOYED IN THIS WORK, AND ALL OF WHICH OCCUR FRE- 
 QUENTLY IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 
 
 ABBREVIATION. 
 
 ft 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 f3 
 f3 
 
 <K 
 
 Ad lib. 
 Ad saturand. 
 Add. 
 Aq. bull. 
 Aq. ferv. 
 Aq. font. 
 Aq. fluv. 
 Aq. distil. 
 Bull. 
 Cap. 
 Chart. 
 Coch. 
 
 Coch. mag. 
 Coch. parv. 
 Coch. med. ■» 
 vel mod. J 
 Col. 
 Colet. 
 Colent. 
 
 LATIN NAME. 
 
 Recipe. 
 
 Ana. 
 
 Libra, vel librae. 
 
 Uncia, vel unciee. 
 
 Drachma, vel drachmae. 
 
 Scrupulus, vel scrupuli. 
 
 Octarius, vel octarii. 
 
 Fluidrachma,vel — drachmae. 
 
 Fluiduncia, vel — unciae. 
 
 Minimum, vel minima. 
 
 Ad libitum. 
 
 Ad saturandum. 
 
 Adde, vel addantur. 
 
 Aqua bulliens. 
 
 Aqua fervens. 
 
 Aqua fontana. 
 
 Aqua fluvialis. 
 
 Aqua distillata. 
 
 Bulliat, vel bulliant. 
 
 Capiat. 
 
 Chartula, vel chartuloa. 
 
 Cochlear, vel cochlearia. 
 
 Cochlear magnum. 
 
 Cochlear parvum. 
 
 Cochlear medium, vel modi- " 
 
 cum. 
 Cola. 
 Coletur. 
 Colentur. 
 
 ENGLISH NAME. 
 
 Take. 
 
 Of each. 
 
 A pound, or pounds. 
 
 An ounce, or ounces. 
 
 A drachm, or drachms. 
 
 A scruple, or scruples. 
 
 A pint, or pints. 
 
 A fluidrachm, or — drachms. 
 
 A fluidounce, or — ounces. 
 
 A minim, or minims. 
 
 At pleasure. 
 
 Until saturated. 
 
 Add, or let be added. 
 
 Boiling water. 
 
 Hot water. 
 
 Spring water. 
 
 River water. 
 
 Distilled water. 
 
 Let boil. 
 
 Let the patient take. 
 
 A small paper, or papers. 
 
 A spoonful, or spoonfuls. 
 
 A tablespoonful. 
 
 A teaspoonful. 
 
 A dessertspoonful. 
 
 Strain. 
 
 Let it be strained. 
 
 Let them be strained. 
 
316 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Collyr. 
 
 Collyrium. 
 
 An eye-water. 
 
 Cong. 
 
 Congius. 
 
 A gallon. 
 
 Cons. 
 
 Conserva. 
 
 A conserve. 
 
 Contus. 
 
 Contnsus. 
 
 Bruised, or broken. 
 
 Cort. 
 
 Cortex. 
 
 A bark. 
 
 Decoc. 
 
 Decoctum. 
 
 A decoction. 
 
 Elect. 
 
 Electuarium. 
 
 An electuary. 
 
 Enem. 
 
 Enema. 
 
 An injection. 
 
 F. vel ft. 
 
 Fac, vel fiat, vel fiant. 
 
 Make, or let be made. 
 
 Fol. 
 
 Folia. 
 
 Leaves. 
 
 Garg. 
 
 Gargarisma. 
 
 A gargle. 
 
 Gr. 
 
 Granum, vel grana. 
 
 A grain, or grains. 
 
 Gtt. 
 
 Gutta, vel guttee. 
 
 A drop, or drops. 
 
 Guttat. 
 
 Guttatim. 
 
 By drops. 
 
 Haust. 
 
 Haustus. 
 
 A draught. 
 
 Inf. 
 
 Infunde. 
 
 Pour in. 
 
 Infus. 
 
 Infusum. 
 
 An infusion. 
 
 M. 
 
 Misce. 
 
 Mix. 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Massa. 
 
 A mass. 
 
 Mic. pan. 
 
 Mica panis. 
 
 A crumb of bread 
 
 Mist. 
 
 Mistura. 
 
 A mixture. 
 
 No. 
 
 Numero. 
 
 In number. 
 
 Pil. 
 
 Pilula, vel pilulge. 
 
 A pill, or pills. 
 
 Ppt. 
 
 Prteparata. 
 
 Prepared. 
 
 Pulv. 
 
 Pulvis, vel pulveres. 
 
 A powder, or powders. 
 
 Q. l.,velq.p. 
 
 | Quantum lubet, vel quantum i Ag much ag yQu pleage 
 J placet. J 
 
 Q. S. 
 
 Quantum sufBcit. 
 
 A sufficient quantity. 
 
 Q. h. 2da, vel | Quaque hora secunda, 
 3ia, &c. / tertia, &c. 
 
 vel I Every 2 or 3 hours, &c 
 
 Rad. 
 
 Radix. 
 
 A root. 
 
 S. 
 
 Signa. 
 
 Write. 
 
 Ss. 
 
 Semis. 
 
 A half. 
 
 Tinct. 
 
 Tinctura. 
 
 A tincture. 
 
 Trit. 
 
 Tritura. 
 
 Triturate. 
 
 Troch. 
 
 Trochisci. 
 
 Troches, or lozenges. 
 
 Vit. ov. 
 
 Vitellum ovi. 
 
 The yolk of an egg. 
 
APPENDIX, 
 
 317 
 
 IV. 
 
 TABLE OF PROPORTIONATE DOSES FOR DIFFERENT AGES. 
 
 
 
 GAUBIUS 7 ' 
 
 rABLE. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Examples. 
 
 rider J 
 
 year, 
 
 l-15th. of 
 
 a full dose, 
 
 or 
 
 4 grains. 
 
 " 1 
 
 C( 
 
 l-12th 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 5 
 
 a 
 
 " 2 
 
 a 
 
 l-8th 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 7J 
 
 a 
 
 " 3 
 
 tt 
 
 l-6th 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 n 
 
 10 
 
 a 
 
 a 4 
 
 tt 
 
 l-5th 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 12 
 
 a 
 
 " 7 
 
 tt 
 
 l-3d 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 20 
 
 tt 
 
 " 14 
 
 a 
 
 1-half 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 30 
 
 it 
 
 " 20 
 
 a 
 
 2-3ds 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 40 
 
 tt 
 
 " 21 
 
 a 
 
 the full dose, 
 
 
 
 1 drachm 
 
 " 63 
 
 a 
 
 ll-12th S 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 55 
 
 grains. 
 
 " 77 
 
 a 
 
 5-6ths 
 
 it 
 
 a 
 
 tt 
 
 50 
 
 tt 
 
 "100 
 
 « 
 
 2-3ds 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 40 
 
 tt 
 
 The following is the more simple rule of Dr. Young : 
 
 "For children under 12 
 
 years, 
 
 the doses of most medicines 
 
 must be diminished in the proportion of the age, to the age in- 
 creased by 12. Thus, at 2 years, the dose will be -fth of that for 
 
 2 1 
 
 adults, viz : ^ ^^ = =r. At 21 the full dose may be given." 
 
 To the above rule there are certain exceptions ; thus calomel 
 and castor oil require to be given in larger proportionate doses, 
 while opium and the narcotics generally should be administered in 
 smaller proportionate quantities. 
 
 Sex, temperament, and idiosyncracy have also a modifying effect 
 upon the dose, and they should always be kept in view in the 
 administration of medicines. Females usually require a smaller 
 dose than males; and persons of sanguine temperament bear 
 depletory medicines better than the phlegmatic. 
 
 27* 
 
318 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 TABLES OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
 
 apothecaries' weight. ( U. S., L., E., D.) 
 
 Pound. Ounces. Drachms. Scruples. Grains, 
 
 ft 1 == 12 = 96 = 288 == 5760 
 
 3 1= 8 = 24 = 480 
 
 3 1= 3 = 60 
 
 9 1 = gr. 20 
 
 AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT. 
 
 Pound. 
 
 Ounces. 
 
 
 Drachms. 
 
 
 Troy Grains. 
 
 ft 1 
 
 = 16 
 
 = 
 
 256 
 
 = 
 
 7000 
 
 
 oz. 1 
 
 = 
 
 16 
 
 = 
 
 437-5 
 
 
 
 
 dr. 1 
 
 = 
 
 27-3437 
 
 RELATIVE VALUE OF TROY (OR APOTHECARIES') AND AVOIRDUPOIS 
 WEIGHTS. 
 
 Pound. 
 
 Pound. 
 
 Ounces. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 1 Troy, 
 
 = 
 
 13 
 
 72-5 (Avoirdupois.) 
 
 1 Avoirdupois, 
 
 = 1 
 
 2 
 
 280 (Troy.) 
 
 apothecaries' or wine measure. (U.S. } D.) 
 
 Gallon. 
 
 Pints. 
 
 Fluidounces. 
 
 
 Fluidrachms. 
 
 
 Minims. 
 
 Cong. 1 
 
 = 8 
 
 = 128 
 
 = 
 
 1024 
 
 = 
 
 61440 
 
 
 01 
 
 = 16 
 
 = 
 
 128 
 
 = 
 
 7680 
 
 
 
 r§i 
 
 = 
 
 8 
 f31 
 
 
 
 480 
 n*60 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 319 
 
 IMPERIAL MEASURE. (L., E.) 
 
 Gallon. Pints. 
 
 Fluidounces. 
 
 
 Fluidrachms, 
 
 
 Minims. 
 
 Imp. Graingj 
 
 Cong. 1 = 8 
 
 = 160 
 
 3= 
 
 1280 
 
 = 
 
 76800 
 
 = 
 
 70000 
 
 01 
 
 = 20 
 
 == 
 
 160 
 
 == 
 
 9600 
 
 = 
 
 8750 
 
 
 f31 
 
 =5 
 
 8 
 
 -B 
 
 480 
 
 = 
 
 437-5 
 
 
 
 
 f3 1 
 
 = 
 
 60 
 
 Saa 
 
 54-7 
 0-91 
 
 RELATIVE VALUE OF APOTHECARIES' AND IMPERIAL MEASURES. 
 
 Apothecaries' Measure. 
 
 Imperial Measure. 
 
 
 
 Pints. 
 
 Fluidotinces. 
 
 Fluidrachms. 
 
 Minims, 
 
 1 gallon 
 
 = 
 
 6 
 
 13 
 
 2 
 
 23 
 
 1 pint 
 
 = 
 
 
 16 
 
 5 
 
 18 
 
 1 fluidounce 
 
 =3 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 1 fluidrachm 
 
 = 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 «i 
 
 Imperial Measure. 
 
 Apothecaries 5 Measure. 
 
 
 
 Gallon, 
 
 Pint. 
 
 Fluidounces. 
 
 Fluidrachms. 
 
 Minims. 
 
 gallon 
 
 = 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 pint 
 
 = 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 38 
 
 fluidounce 
 
 = 
 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 41 
 
 fluidrachm 
 
 =3 
 
 
 
 
 
 58 
 
 RELATIVE VALUE OF APOTHECARIES 5 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES IN DISTILLED 
 WATER AT 60° FAHRENHEIT. 
 
 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 Ounces. 
 
 Drachms. 
 
 Scruples. 
 
 Grains. 
 
 1 gallon 
 
 — 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 8-88 
 
 1 pint 
 
 ass 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 11-11 
 
 1 fluidounce 
 
 =5 
 
 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 15-60 
 
 1 fluidrachm 
 
 = 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 16-96 
 
 1 minim 
 
 = 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •9493 
 
320 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 FRENCH DECIMAL WEIGHTS AND MEASURES, 
 
 MEASURES OF WEIGHT, 
 
 Milligramme 
 
 Centigramme 
 
 Decigramme 
 
 Gramme 
 
 Decagramme 
 
 Hectogramme 
 
 Kilogramme 
 
 Myriagramme 
 
 Troy Grains. 
 
 •0154 
 
 •1543 
 
 1-5434 
 
 15-4340 
 
 154-3402 
 
 1543-4023 
 
 15434-0234 
 
 154340-2344 
 
 lb. oz. dr. gr. 
 
 2 34-3 
 
 3 1 43-4 
 
 2 8 1 14 
 
 26 9 4 20 
 
 MEASURES OF LENGTH. 
 
 The metre being at 32°, and the foot at 62°. 
 
 Millimetre 
 
 — 
 
 English Inches 
 •03937 
 
 ;. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Centimetre 
 
 = 
 
 •39371 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Decimetre 
 Metre 
 
 = 
 
 3-93710 
 39-37100 
 
 Miles. 
 = 
 
 Fur. 
 
 
 Yds. 
 1 
 
 Feet. 
 
 
 Inches. 
 3-371 
 
 Decametre 
 
 = 
 
 393-71000 
 
 = 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 9-710 
 
 Hectometre 
 
 = 
 
 3937-10000 
 
 = 
 
 
 
 109 
 
 1 
 
 1-100 
 
 Kilometre 
 
 = 
 
 39371-00000 
 
 = 
 
 4 
 
 213 
 
 1 
 
 11-000 
 
 Myriametre 
 
 = 
 
 393710-00000 
 
 = 6 
 
 1 
 
 156 
 
 1 
 
 2-000 
 
 MEASURES OF CAPACITY. 
 
 Millitre 
 
 Centilitre 
 
 Decilitre 
 
 Litre 
 
 Decalitre 
 
 Hectolitre 
 
 Kilolitre 
 
 Myrialitre 
 
 English Cubic Inches. 
 
 •061028 
 
 •610280 
 
 6-102800 
 
 61-028000 
 
 610-280000 
 
 6102-800000 
 
 61028-000000 
 
 610280-000000 
 
 Apothecaries' Measure. 
 16-2318 minims. 
 
 2-7053 fiuidrachms. 
 
 3-3816 fluidounces. 
 
 2-1135 pints. 
 
 2-6419 gallons. 
 
APPENDIX. 321 
 
 APPROXIMATE MEASUREMENTS. 
 
 A teacup is estimated to contain f3iv, or a gill. 
 
 A wineglass " " f3ij. 
 
 A tablespoon (cochlear magnum) " f3ss. 
 
 A teaspoon (cochlear parvum) " f£j. 
 
 COMPARISON OF THE DIFFERENT THERMOMETRIC SCALES. 
 
 To convert the degrees of Centigrade into those of Fahrenheit, 
 multiply by 9, divide by 5, and add 32. 
 
 To convert the degrees of Centigrade into those of Reaumur, 
 multiply by 4, and divide by 5. 
 
 To convert the degrees of Fahrenheit into those of Centigrade, 
 deduct 32, multiply by 5, and divide by 9. 
 
 To convert the degrees of Fahrenheit into those of Reaumur, 
 deduct 32, divide by 9, and multiply by 4. 
 
 To convert the degrees of Reaumur into those of Centigrade, 
 multiply by 5, and divide by 4. 
 
 To convert the degrees of Reaumur into those of Fahrenheit, 
 multiply by 9, divide by 4, and add 32. 
 
322 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 TABLE EXHIBITING THE NUMBER OF DROPS OE DIFFERENT 
 LIQUIDS EQUIVALENT TO A FLUID DRACHM. 
 
 Liquid medicines, in small quantities, are frequently estimated 
 by drops, which are often incorrectly considered equivalent to a 
 minim, or the sixtieth part of a fluid drachm. The drop of 
 water and of watery fluids is, on an average, about this size ; but 
 this is by no means the case with all liquids. Even in the same 
 liquid the size of the drop varies, according to the shape of the 
 vessel, and of its mouth, from which it is dropped. The following 
 table was compiled by Mr. E. Durand, of Philadelphia. 
 
 Drops. 
 Acid, acetic (crystallizable) - 120 
 Acid, hydrocyanic (medicinal) 45 
 Acid, muriatic 54 
 
 Acid, nitric 84 
 
 Acid, nitric, diluted, (1 to 7) 51 
 Acid, sulphuric - - - 90 
 Acid, sulphuric (aromatic) - 120 
 Acid, sulphuric, diluted (1 to 7) 51 
 Alcohol (rectified spirit) - 138 
 Alcohol, diluted (proof spirit) 120 
 Arsenite of potassa, solution of, 57 
 Chloroform - - - 250 to 300 
 Ether, sulphuric - 150 
 
 Oil of aniseed, cinnamon, cloves, 
 peppermint, sweet almonds, 
 and olives - 120 
 
 Drops. 
 Tincture of assafcetida, fox- 
 glove, guaiac, and opium 120 
 Tincture of chloride of iron 132 
 Vinegar, distilled 78 
 Vinegar of colchicum - 78 
 Vinegar of opium (black drop) 78 
 Vinegar of squill 78 
 Water, distilled 45 
 Water of ammonia (strong) 54 
 Water of ammonia (weak) - 45 
 Wine (Teneriffe) - - 78 
 Wine, antimonial 72 
 Wine of colchicum 75 
 Wine of opium 78 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 323 
 
 VI. 
 
 TABLE OP THE PROPORTION, BY MEASURE, OF ALCOHOL (SP. GR. 
 0-825) CONTAINED IN 100 PARTS OF DIFFERENT WINES AND 
 
 MALT liquors. — By Branded 
 
 Lissa (average) 
 
 2541 
 
 Syracuse 
 
 15-28 
 
 Raisin (aver.) - 
 
 25-12 
 
 Sauterne 
 
 14-22 
 
 Port (aver.) 
 
 22-18 
 
 Burgundy (aver.) - 
 
 14-57 
 
 Marsala (aver.) 
 
 29-09 
 
 Hock (aver.) - 
 
 13-68 
 
 Madeira (aver.) 
 
 22-27 
 
 Hock, old in cask - 
 
 8-88 
 
 Sherry (aver.) 
 
 19-17 
 
 Nice - 
 
 14-63 
 
 Teneriffe (aver.) 
 
 19-79 
 
 Barsac - 
 
 13-86 
 
 Calares - 
 
 19-75 
 
 Tent - 
 
 13-30 
 
 Lachryma Christi - 
 
 19-70 
 
 Champagne, white - 
 
 13-30 
 
 White Constantia 
 
 19-75 
 
 Champagne, red 
 
 11-93 
 
 Red Constantia 
 
 18-92 
 
 Red Hermitage 
 
 12-32 
 
 Lisbon - 
 
 18-94 
 
 Vin de grave (aver.) 
 
 12-37 
 
 Malaga (1666) 
 
 18-94 
 
 Frontignac - 
 
 12-79 
 
 Bucellas - - - - 
 
 18-49 
 
 Cote Rotie 
 
 12-32 
 
 Red Madeira (aver.) 
 
 20-35 
 
 Gooseberry wine - 
 
 11-84 
 
 Cape Muscat - - ■ 
 
 18-25 
 
 Currant wine 
 
 20-55 
 
 Cape Madeira (aver.) 
 
 20-51 
 
 Tokay - 
 
 9-88 
 
 Grape wine 
 
 18-11 
 
 Elder wine 
 
 9-87 
 
 Calcavella (aver.) - 
 
 18-65 
 
 Orange wine (aver.) 
 
 11-26 
 
 Vidonia - 
 
 19-25 
 
 Cider (highest aver.) 
 
 9-87 
 
 Alba Flora 
 
 17-26 
 
 Cider (lowest aver.) 
 
 5-21 
 
 Malaga - 
 
 17-26 
 
 Perry (aver.) 
 
 7-26 
 
 White Hermitage - 
 
 17-43 
 
 Mead - 
 
 7-32 
 
 Rousillon (aver.) 
 
 18-13 
 
 Burton ale 
 
 8-88 
 
 Claret (aver.) - 
 
 15-10 
 
 Brown stout - 
 
 6-30 
 
 Malmsey Madeira - 
 
 16-40 
 
 London porter 
 
 4-20 
 
 Lunel - 
 
 15-52 
 
 London small beer - 
 
 1-28 
 
 Shiraz - 
 
 15-52 
 
 
 
 * Somewhat different results have been obtained by other chemists. 
 Dr. Christison's analyses exhibit a rather smaller amount of alcohol in 
 most wines, than the above table of Mr. Brande, Thus, according to 
 
324 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Christison, the average strength of Port is 18-68; of Sherry, 18-47; 
 of the strongest Madeira, 20-35. Dr. C. considers it a mistake to suppose 
 that wines become stronger by age, although it is well known, that up to 
 a certain period, their flavour is improved ; while, at the same time, their 
 body, or apparent strength, is increased. 
 
 Wines are very frequently adulterated, and counterfeit mixtures are 
 often sold as genuine wine. Formerly, wine-dealers were in the habit of 
 putting litharge into wines that had become sour ; by which sugar of lead 
 was formed (from the action of the acetic acid of the wine upon the oxide 
 of lead). This corrected the defect of the wine, but, at the same time, 
 rendered it highly poisonous. This adulteration may easily be detected 
 by the action of sulphuretted hydrogen, which causes a black, flocculent 
 precipitate. This criminal practice is now, however, abandoned. Ac- 
 cording to Brande, the presence of lead, in minute quantities, may often 
 be detected in wines, but it is derived, invariably, from shot in the bottle, 
 or some analogous source. 
 
 Spurious mixtures, sold in imitation of genuine wines, though not 
 absolutely poisonous, may, nevertheless, prove very injurious to the 
 stomach, and always occasion mischief and disappointment, when de- 
 pended upon as therapeutic agents. The wines most frequently imitated 
 are Port and Madeira, and cider is usually the chief ingredient in the 
 spurious mixture. English port is sometimes made of a small portion of 
 real port mixed with cider, juice of elder-berries, and brandy, coloured 
 and rendered astringent by logwood and alum. 
 
 Brandy is almost universally added to wines (especially the stronger) 
 to increase their strength. By the custom-house regulations of England, 
 ten per cent, of brandy may be added to wines after importation ; but to 
 good wines not more than four or five per cent, is added. Colouring 
 matters are also frequently added, as caramel, must, and (as in the case 
 of port) logwood. Champagne wine is sometimes imitated by very spark- 
 ling cider, slightly brandied. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 325 
 
 VII. 
 
 A TABLE EXHIBITING THE COMPOSITION OF THE PRINCIPAL NA- 
 TURAL MINERAL WATERS OF EUROPE AND THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 I. Carbonated Waters, or such as contain an excess of car- 
 bonic acid, which gives them a sparkling appearance and the power 
 of reddening litmus paper. These waters frequently contain the 
 carbonate of iron, lime, and magnesia, which are held in solution 
 by the excess of carbonic acid, and which are deposited when the 
 water is boiled, or exposed for some time to the air. 
 
 Seltzer. — ( Germany.) 
 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Carbonate of Soda, 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 
 In a wine pint, 
 cubic inches 17 
 
 grains 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 17 
 
 Total, 
 
 - 29 
 [Bergmann. 
 
 Pyrmont. — ( Germany.) 
 
 Temperature, 55° F. 
 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, 
 Sulphate of Lime, - 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 Oxide of Iron, 
 
 In a wine pint, 
 cubic inches 26 
 
 gra 
 
 10-0 
 4-5 
 5-5 
 8-5 
 1-5 
 0-6 
 
 Total, 
 
 28 
 
 - 30-6 
 [Bergmann. 
 
326 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Spa.- 
 
 —(Belgium.) 
 
 
 
 Temperatnre, 50° F. 
 
 In 
 
 i wine pint 
 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 
 - 
 
 cubic inches 
 
 13 
 
 Solid contents. 
 
 
 
 
 Carbonate of Soda, 
 
 - 
 
 grains 
 
 1-5 
 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, - 
 
 _ 
 
 « 
 
 4-5 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 
 . 
 
 a 
 
 1-5 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 
 _ 
 
 a 
 
 0-2 
 
 Oxide of Iron, 
 
 
 c< 
 
 0-6 
 
 Total, 
 
 [Beegmaxn. 
 
 Mont d'Or. — (France.) 
 
 Four springs, the temperature of which, respectively, is 107°, 
 109°, 113°, and 52° F. 
 
 Madeleine Spring. 
 
 In a Parisian pint. 
 
 Carbonic Acid, ------ grains 4-64 
 
 Carbonate of Soda, - " 6-75 
 
 Sulphate of Soda, " 2-04 
 
 Muriate of Soda, " 5-18 
 
 Alumina, " 2-21 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, ----- << 4-14 
 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, - " 1-36 
 
 Oxide of Iron, " 0-40 
 
 Total, - - 26-72 
 
 Vichy. — (France.) 
 
 The temperature of the different springs, varies from 72° to 
 114° F. They all contain carbonic acid, carbonates of lime, 
 magnesia, and soda, sulphate of soda, and muriate of soda. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 327 
 
 Sweet Springs. — ( Virginia.) 
 
 Temperature, 73° F. 
 
 Carbonic Acid. 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, 
 Muriate of Soda, 
 Muriate of Lime, 
 Sulphate of Lime, 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Silicious Earth, 
 Iron, 
 
 In a quart. 
 
 grams 
 
 12 to 15 
 
 grains 18 to 24 
 
 grains J to 1 
 
 [Rouelle. 
 
 II. Sulphuretted Waters, or such as contain sulphuretted 
 hydrogen, and are distinguished by their peculiar foetid smell, and 
 by their yielding brown precipitates with the salts of lead and silver. 
 
 Aix-la-Chapelle. — {Germany.) 
 
 Temperature, 110° to 143° F. In a wine pint. 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, - cubic inches 5*5 
 
 Solid contents. 
 
 Carbonate of Soda, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 
 Total, 
 
 grains 12 
 
 4-75 
 5 
 
 21-75 
 [Bergmann. 
 
 Harrowgate, Old Well. — (England.) 
 
 Gaseous contents. 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, - 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 Nitrogen, - 
 
 Carburetted Hydrogen, - 
 
 In a wine gallon, 
 cubic inches 14 
 
 4-25 
 
 Total, 
 
 4-15 
 
 80-10 
 
328 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 Chloride of Calcium, 
 Chloride of Magnesium, - 
 Bicarbonate of Soda, 
 
 grains 
 
 752 
 
 (< 
 
 65-75 
 
 it 
 
 29-2 
 
 a 
 
 12-8 
 
 Total, 
 
 859-75 
 
 White Sulphur. — (Virginia.) 
 
 Temperature, 62° F. 
 Gaseous contents. In a wine gallon. 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, ... cubic inches 2-5 
 
 Carbonic Acid, _-____<< 2 
 
 Oxygen, ------- « 1.443 
 
 Nitrogen, -----..« 3.552 
 
 Total, - 9-5 
 
 Solid contents. 
 
 
 In a pint. 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, - 
 
 - 
 
 grains 5-588 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, 
 
 - 
 
 7.744 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 
 _ 
 
 1-150 
 
 Chloride of Calcium, 
 
 _ 
 
 0-204 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 
 - 
 
 0-180 
 
 Oxide of Iron, 
 
 . 
 
 a trace. 
 
 Loss, - 
 
 Total, 
 
 0-410 
 
 
 15-276 
 
 
 [Prof. W. B. Rogers. 
 
 Red Sulphur. — ( Virginia.) 
 
 
 Temperature, 54° F. 
 
 
 Gaseous contents. 
 
 
 In an imperial gallon 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, 
 
 - cubic inches 4-54 
 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 
 - 
 
 8-75 
 
 Nitrogen, - 
 
 
 4-25 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Sulphate of Soda, 
 Sulphate of Lime, 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Muriate of Soda, 
 
 In 32 cubic inches. 
 
 grains 1-25 
 [Prof. W. B. Rogers. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 329 
 
 Salt Sulphur. — ( Virgi?iia.) 
 
 Temperature, 49° to 56° F. 
 
 Gaseous contents. 
 
 
 In 100 cubic inches, 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, 
 
 - cubic inches 
 
 1-10 to 1-50 
 
 Nitrogen, - 
 
 " 
 
 2-05 
 
 Oxygen, - 
 
 << 
 
 0-27 
 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 
 a 
 
 5-75 
 
 Solid contents. 
 
 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, - 
 
 - 
 
 grains 36-755 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, - 
 
 - 
 
 7-883 
 
 Sulphate of Soda, - 
 
 - 
 
 9-682 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 
 - 
 
 4-445 
 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, - 
 
 . 
 
 1-434 
 
 Chloride of Magnesium, 
 
 _ 
 
 0-116 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 
 - 
 
 0-683 
 
 Chloride of Calcium, 
 
 . 
 
 0-025 
 
 Peroxide of Iron, from Protosulphate, 
 
 0-042 
 
 An azotized organic matter, 
 with sulphur, about 
 
 blended ) 
 
 4 
 
 Earthy Phosphates, 
 
 - 
 
 a trace. 
 
 Iodine, - 
 
 
 it 
 
 
 [Prof. W. B. Rogers. 
 
 Warm Springs. — ( Virgi7iia.) 
 
 
 Temperature, 98° F. 
 
 
 Gaseous contents. 
 
 
 In a gallon. 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, 
 
 cubic inches 0-25 
 
 Nitrogen, - 
 
 
 3-25 
 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 
 - 
 
 1-00 
 
 Solid contents. 
 
 
 
 Muriate of Lime, - 
 
 . 
 
 grains 3-968 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, - 
 
 . 
 
 9-984 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 
 _ 
 
 4-288 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, - 
 
 - 
 
 " 5-466 
 
 Soda, - 
 
 
 a trace. 
 
 Total, - - - 23-706 
 
 [Prof. W. B. Rogers. 
 
 28* 
 
330 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Blue Sulphur. — ( Virginia.) 
 
 Solid contents. — (Amount not given.) 
 
 Sulphate of Lime. Chloride of Calcium, 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, Hydrosulphate of Soda and Mag- 
 Sulphate of Soda, nesia, 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, Protosulphate of Iron, 
 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, Iodine, 
 
 Chloride of Magnesium, Sulphur, 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, Organic Matters. 
 
 Gaseous contents. — (Amount not grreD.) 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, Oxygen, 
 
 Carbonic Acid, Nitrogen. 
 
 [Prof. W. B. Rogers. 
 
 Sharon Springs. — (New York.) 
 
 White Sulphur. 
 
 Temperature 4S° F. 
 
 In a wine gallon. 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, - cub. in. 20-5 
 
 Solid contents. 
 
 Bicarbonate of Magnesia, ----- gr S . 24-0 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, - - - - - - "34-0 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, - - - - - - - "85-4 
 
 Hydrosulphate of Magnesia and Lime, - - - " 3-0 
 
 Chloride of Sodium and Magnesium, - - - "2-7 
 
 Total, 149-1 
 
 Magnesia Spring. 
 
 Temperature 48° F. 
 
 In a wine gallon. 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, - - - - cub. in. 3-3 
 
 Solid contents. 
 
 Bicarbonate of Magnesia, ----- grs. 30-5 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, - - - - - - "22-7 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, " 7G-0 
 
 Hydrosulphate of Magnesia and Lime, - " 0-5 
 
 Chloride of Sodium and Magnesium, - - - "3-0 
 
 Total, 132-7 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 331 
 
 III. Chalybeate "Waters are characterized by their inky 
 taste, and by striking a blue-black colour with an infusion of galls, 
 and a blue colour with ferrocyanuret of potassium. The iron is 
 generally in the state of carbonate of the protoxide, held in solu- 
 tion in the water by excess of carbonic acid. By standing, or 
 boiling, the carbonic acid is driven off, and the protoxide, by ab- 
 sorbing oxygen, is precipitated as a hydrated sesquioxide, of an 
 ochreous colour. 
 
 Tunbridge Wells. — (England.) 
 
 Solid contents. In a wine gallon. 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, -_-___ g rs . 2-46 
 Chloride of Calcium, -".-----"« 0-39 
 Chloride of Magnesium, - - - - - " 0-29 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, - - - - - - - "1*41 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, " 0-27 
 
 Oxide of Iron, ." 2-22 
 
 Manganese, Silica, &c, " 0-44 
 
 Loss, " 0-13 
 
 Total, 7-61 
 
 [SCUDAMORE. 
 
 Brighton. — (England.) 
 
 In a wine pint. 
 
 Carbonic Acid, cub. in. 2-5 
 
 Solid contents. 
 
 Sulphate of Iron, grs. 1-80 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, " 4-09 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, - - - - - - "1-53 
 
 Chloride of Magnesium, - - - - - " 0-75 
 
 Silica, « 0-14 
 
 Loss, « 0-19 
 
 Total, 8-5 
 
 [Marcet. 
 
332 AMEEICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Cheltenham. — (England.) 
 
 Chalybeate Spring. 
 
 In a wine pint. 
 Carbonic Acid, ------ cub. in. 2-5 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Carbonate of Soda, - grs. 0-5 
 
 Sulphate of Soda, - - - " 22-7 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, - " 6 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, - - - - - - - "2-5 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, - "41-3 
 
 Oxide of Iron, ---—_--" 0-8 
 
 Total, 73-8 
 [Brande & Parkes. 
 Bedford. — (Pennsylvania.') 
 Anderson's Spring. 
 
 Temperature, 55° F. 
 
 In a wine gallon. 
 Carbonic Acid, ------ C ub. in. 74 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, ------ grs. 80 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, - - - - - - - " 14-5 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, "10 
 
 Chloride of Calcium, - - - - - - "3 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, "8 
 
 Carbonate of Iron, - - - - - - "5 
 
 Total, 120-5 
 [Dr. Church. 
 Schooley's Mountain. — (New Jersey.) 
 
 Temperature 50° F. 
 
 Solid contents. In a wine pint. 
 
 Muriate of Soda, - grs. 0-43 
 
 Muriate of Lime, - - - - - - - " 2-40 
 
 Muriate of Magnesia, - - - - - - " 50 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, - "7-99 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, " 0-65 
 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, - - - - - " 0-40 
 
 Silica, - - 0-80 
 
 Carbonate of Iron, "2-00 
 
 Extractive, - " 0-92 
 
 Loss, - - - « 0-41 
 
 Total, 16-50 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 333 
 
 Balston Spa. — (Neiv York.) 
 
 Sans Souci Spring. 
 
 Temperature, 50° F. 
 Solid contents. 
 Chloride of Sodium, - 
 
 Bicarbonate of Soda, - 
 
 Bicarbonate of Magnesia, -.-."-.'.- 
 Carbonate of Lime, - - - 
 Carbonate of Iron, - 
 Iodide of Sodium, - - - - - 
 Silica, 
 
 In a wine gallon. 
 grs. 143-733 
 12-66 
 39-10 
 43-407 
 5-95 
 1-30 
 1 
 
 Total, 
 
 247-15 
 
 [Steel. 
 
 IV. Saline Waters comprise those which contain a sufficient 
 amount of neutral salts to give them a marked, and generally a 
 purgative operation. The salts most usually present are the sul- 
 phates and carbonates of lime, magnesia, and soda, and the chlorides 
 of calcium, sodium, and magnesium. Iodine and bromine have 
 been found in a few saline springs ; and some of them contain 
 carbonic acid and iron, which might entitle them to be classified, 
 respectively, with the carbonated or chalybeate waters. 
 
 Plombieres. — (France.) 
 
 Temperature, 90° to 144° F. 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Carbonate of Soda, - 
 Sulphate of Soda, - 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, - 
 Carbonate of Lime, ------ 
 
 Silica, ------- 
 
 Animal Matter, ------ 
 
 Total, - 
 
 In a pint, 
 
 grs. 2-16 
 
 " 2-33 
 
 " 1-25 
 
 « 0-50 
 
 « 1-33 
 
 « 1-50 
 
 9-07 
 [Vauquelin. 
 
334 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Carlsbad. — (Bohemia.) 
 
 Temperature, 165° F. 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Sulphate of Soda, 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 Carbonate of Soda, 
 Lithia (Berzelius), 
 
 In a wine pint, 
 grs. 4-15 
 
 " 41-51 
 
 " 5-33 
 
 " 11-76 
 
 a trace. 
 
 [Bergmann. 
 
 Seidlitz. — (Bohemia.) 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, 
 Sulphate of Lime, 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Chloride of Magnesium, 
 
 Total, 
 
 In a wine pint. 
 
 grs. 180 
 5 
 
 2-5 
 
 0-8 
 
 " 4-5 
 
 192-8 
 [Berghann. 
 
 Cheltenham. — (England.) 
 
 Saline Spring. 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Sulphate of Soda, 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, 
 Sulphate of Lime, 
 Chloride of Sodium, - 
 
 In a wine pint, 
 grs. 15 
 
 " 11 
 
 " 4-5 
 
 " 50 
 
 Total, - - 80-5 
 
 [Parkes & Braxde. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 335 
 
 Bath . — {England. ) 
 
 Temperature, 100° to 106° F. 
 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 Solid contents. 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Sulphate of Soda, - 
 Sulphate of Lime, - 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 Silica, - 
 Oxide of Iron, 
 
 In a wine pint 
 
 cub. in. 
 
 1-2 
 
 grs. 
 
 0-8 
 
 (< 
 
 1-4 
 
 a 
 
 9-3 
 
 « 
 
 3-4 
 
 it 
 
 0-2 
 
 a trace. 
 
 Total, 
 
 15-1 
 
 [Phillips. 
 
 Hot Springs. — (Virginia.) 
 
 Temperature, 98° to 106° F. 
 
 Solid contents, (the quantity not given.) 
 
 Carbonate of Lime, Sulphate of Lime, 
 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, Sulphate of Soda, 
 
 Carbonate of Iron, Sulphate of Magnesia, 
 
 Free Nitrogen. 
 
 [Prop. W. B. Rogers. 
 
 Saratoga. — {New York.) 
 Congress Spring. 
 
 Gaseous contents. 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 Atmospheric Air, - 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 Iodide of Sodium, 
 Bicarbonate of Soda, - 
 Bicarbonate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Carbonate of Iron, 
 Silica, - 
 Bromide of Potassium, 
 
 Total, 
 
 In a wine gallon. 
 cub. in. 311 
 - " 7 
 
 318 
 
 Total, 
 
 rs. 385 
 
 " 3-5 
 
 « 8-982 
 
 " 95-788 
 
 « 98-098 
 
 " 5-075 
 
 « 1-5 
 
 a trace. 
 
 - 597-943 
 
 [Steel 
 
336 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Gaseous contents. 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 Atmospheric Air. 
 
 Saratoga. — (Iodine Spring.) 
 
 Total, 
 
 In a wine gallon, 
 cub. in. 336 
 " 4 
 
 - 340 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Carbonate of Soda, 
 Carbonate of Iron, 
 Iodine, - . - 
 
 Total, 
 
 grs. 187 
 
 75 
 
 26 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 - 294-5 
 [Prof. Emmons. 
 
 Saratoga. — (Pavilion Spring.) 
 
 Gaseous contents. 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 Atmospheric Air, 
 
 In a wine gallon, 
 cub. in. 359-05 
 5-03 
 
 Total, - 
 
 364-08 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 Carbonate of Soda, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Iron, 
 Sulphate of Soda, 
 Iodide of Sodium, 
 Alumina, - 
 Silica, -.-■■- 
 
 Phosphate of Lime, 
 Bromide of Potassium, 
 
 grs. 
 
 Total, 
 
 187-68 
 
 4-92 
 
 52-84 
 
 56-92 
 
 3-51 
 
 1-48 
 
 2-59 
 
 0-42 
 
 1-16 
 
 0-19 
 
 . trace. 
 
 - 311-71 
 [Dr. J. R. Chilton. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 337 
 
 Saratoga. — ( Union Spring.) 
 
 Gaseous contents. 
 Carbonic Acid, 
 Atmospheric Air, 
 
 Solid contents. 
 Chloride of Sodium, 
 Carbonate of Magnesia, 
 Carbonate of Lime, 
 Carbonate of Soda, 
 Carbonate of Iron, 
 Iodide of Sodium, or Iodine, 
 Silica and Alumina, 
 Bromide of Potassium, 
 
 In a wine gallon, 
 cub. in. 814-16 
 4-62 
 
 Total, 
 
 grs. 
 
 318-78 
 
 243-620 
 
 84-265 
 
 41-600 
 
 12-800 
 
 5-452 
 
 3-600 
 
 1-570 
 
 a trace. 
 
 Total, 
 
 392-907 
 [Dr. J. R. Chilton. 
 
 Sea Water. — (English Channel.) 
 
 Water, - 
 
 Chloride of Sodium, - 
 Chloride of Potassium, 
 Chloride of Magnesium, 
 Bromide of Magnesium, 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, 
 Sulphate of Lime, 
 Carbonate of Lime, - 
 
 Total, 
 
 In 1000 grains. 
 
 'S. 964-744 
 27-059 
 0-765 
 3-667 
 0-029 
 2-296 
 1-407 
 0-033 
 
 1000-000 
 [Schweitzer. 
 
 29 
 
338 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 V. Acidulous Waters. This division of Mineral Waters is 
 intended to comprise such as contain a free acid, other than car- 
 bonic acid. They are, comparatively, of rare occurrence. The 
 following is an analysis of Sulphuric Acid Springs, lately brought 
 into notice : 
 
 Oak Orchard Springs. — {New York.) 
 
 In a gallon. 
 
 Free Sulphuric Acid, grs. 82-96 
 
 Sulphate of Lime, " 39-60 
 
 Protosulphate of Iron, ------<< 14-32 
 
 Sulphate of Alumina, - ' - - - - " 9-68 
 
 Sulphate of Magnesia, " 8-28 
 
 Silica, ---------« 1-04 
 
 Organic Extractive Matters, - - - " 3-28 
 
 Total, - - 160-62 
 
 [Dr. J. R. Chilton. 
 
 The Alum Spring of Virginia is also stated to contain free 
 sulphuric acid. 
 
 VI. Siliceous Waters. These Mineral Waters are extremely 
 rare ; and in those hitherto discovered, the silica appears to have 
 been dissolved by means of soda. The most remarkable of these 
 are the boiliug springs of Geyser, in Iceland, of which the fol- 
 lowing is the analysis, as given by Black. (Edin. Phil. Trans. 
 iii. 95.) 
 
 Solid contents. In a gallon. 
 
 Soda, grs. 5-56 
 
 Alumina, " 2-80 
 
 Silica, " 31-50 
 
 Muriate of Soda, ------ « 14.42 
 
 Sulphate of Soda, " 8-57 
 
 Total, - - " 62-85 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 339 
 
 VIII. 
 
 TABULAE, VIEW OF THE DOSES OF THE PRINCIPAL ARTICLES IN 
 THE MATERIA MEDICA, (PREPARED CHIEFLY FROM THE UNITED 
 STATES DISPENSATORY.) 
 
 Acetate of ammonia, fjss — f3j. 
 of iron, gtt. x — xx. 
 of iron, tincture, f3ss — j. 
 of lead, gr. j— iij. 
 of mercury, gr. j. 
 of morphia, gr. -| — J. 
 of potassa, 9j — 3j. 
 of soda, 9j — ^ss. 
 Acetous tincture of opium, gtt. x — 
 
 xv. 
 Acid, aromatic sulphuric, gtt. x — 
 xx. 
 arsenious, gr. l-16th — l-8th. 
 hydrocyanic (medicinal), gtt. 
 
 J— y- 
 
 muriatic, gtt. v — xx. 
 diluted muriatic, (U. S.) gtt. 
 
 xx — lx. 
 diluted nitric, gtt. iij — x. 
 dilute nitric, (U.S.) gtt. xx — xl. 
 dilute sulphuric, gtt. x — xxx. 
 nitro-muriatic, gtt. ij — x. 
 tannic, gr. iij. 
 Aconite, powder, gr. j — ij. 
 
 tincture of root, gtt. v — x. 
 tincture of leaves, gtt. xx 
 
 — xxx. 
 extract, gr. ss — j. 
 Aloes, powder, gr. v — x. 
 
 Aloes, tincture, f3j — iv. 
 
 with canelia, gr. x — xx. 
 wine of, f3j — iv. 
 Alum, gr. v — x. 
 
 Ammonia, aromatic spirits, gtt. x — 
 xv. 
 muriate, gr. v — xxx. 
 phosphate, gr. x — xxx. 
 hydrosulphuret (liquor), 
 gtt. iij— vj. 
 Ammoniac, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 tincture, f3ss— j. 
 Ammoniated copper, gr. \ — \. 
 iron, gr. v — x. 
 tincture of guaiac, f3j. 
 tincture of opium, f3j. 
 tincture of cinchona, 
 
 f3j. 
 
 tincture of valerian, 
 
 f3j. 
 
 Angustura bark, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 Anodyne, Hoffman's, gtt. xxx — f3j. 
 
 Antimony, sulphuret precipitate, gr. 
 
 j— iij- 
 tartrate of, and potassa, 
 gr. j— iij- 
 Antimonial powder, gr. iij — viij. 
 wine, gtt. xxx — f3j. 
 Arnica, gr. v — xx. 
 
340 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Arsenical solution (Pearson's), Tf xij 
 — xxx a day. 
 (Fowler's), gtt. v — x. 
 Assafoetida, gr. v — x. 
 
 tincture, f3j. 
 lac, f3ss — j. 
 Azederach, decoction, f3ss. 
 
 Balsam of copaiva, gtt. x — xxx. 
 
 of Peru, f 3ss. 
 
 of Tolu, gr. x — xxx. 
 Baryta, solution of muriate, gtt. v. 
 Barium, iodide, gr. -J- — J. 
 Bateman's drops, fSj — ij. 
 Belladonna, extract, gr. J — J. 
 
 powder, gr. j. 
 Benzoic acid, gr. x — xx. 
 Bicarbonate of potassa, 3ss — j. 
 
 of soda, £)j — 3j. 
 Bicyanide of mercury, gr. -}. 
 Biniodide of mercury, gr. 1-1 6th — 
 
 l-8th. 
 Bismuth, subnitrate, gr. v — x. 
 Bitartrate of potassa, gss — j. 
 Black snakeroot, decoc, f3ij — iv. 
 Blue pill, gr. j — viij. 
 Brucia, gr. £ — \. 
 Bromide of iron, gr. ss — j. 
 Butternut, extract, 9j — 3ss. 
 Blackberry root, decoc, f3ij. 
 Black drop, gtt. v — x. 
 Boneset, infusion, fgj — ij. 
 Buchu, powder, 9j — 3j. 
 
 infusion, fgj. 
 Burnt sponge, gj— ij. 
 
 Cajeput, oil of, gtt. ij — v. 
 Calcined magnesia, 3j. 
 Calomel, gr. iij — x. 
 Camphor, gr. v — x. 
 
 tincture, gtt. v — xx. 
 
 water, f3ss — j. 
 
 Cantharides, gr. ss — j. 
 
 tincture, gtt. xx — xxx. 
 Canella bark, tincture, f3j. 
 Capsicum, gr. iij — x. 
 
 tincture, f3ss — j. 
 Carbonate of ammonia, gr. v — x. 
 of iron, gr. v — xx. 
 of lime, prepared, gr. x 
 
 — xx. 
 of magnesia, 3ss. 
 of potassa, gr. x — xxx. 
 of soda, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 (dried), gr. v — 
 xv. 
 Cascarilla bark, gr. x — xxx. 
 infusion, f3j. 
 tincture, f3J. 
 Cassia, purging, 3j— gj. 
 Castor, gr. x — xx. 
 
 oil, f3ij— f3j. 
 Catechu, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 tincture, f3ss — iij. 
 Carburet of iron, gr. v — x. 
 Cannabis Indica, extract, gr. j — iij. 
 Centaury, American, infus., f3j — ij. 
 Chalk, prepared, gr. x — xx. 
 Chamomile, infusion, f3j — ij. 
 Chloride of gold, gr. 1-1 6th— l-12th. 
 Chlorine water, f3ss — j. 
 Charcoal, 3ss — j. 
 Cicuta. See Conium. 
 Cinchona, infusion of, f^j — ij. 
 decoction of, f3j — ij. 
 extract of, gr. x — xxx. 
 powder of, 3j- 
 tincture of, f3j — iij. 
 Cinchonia, sulphate of, gr. j — v. 
 Citrate of potassa, 9j — 3ss. 
 
 of quinia and iron, gr. ij — v. 
 Cobweb, gr. v — x. 
 Cod-liver oil, fgss — fjj. 
 Colchicumroot, wine of, gtt. x — f3j. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 341 
 
 Colchicuni seeds, wine of, f3ss — j 
 vinegar of, gtt. xxx- 
 
 f3ij- 
 Colocynth, gr. v — x. 
 
 compound extract of, 
 — xv. 
 Columbo, powder of, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 tincture of, f3j — iij. 
 Codeia, gr. ss — j. 
 Confection of opium, gr. x — xxx. 
 of senna, 3j- 
 of scammony, 3ss — j . 
 Conium, powder, gr. iij — v. 
 extract, gr. ij — iij. 
 tincture, gtt. xxx — f3j. 
 Copaiva, gtt. x — xxx. 
 
 oil of, gtt.v — x. 
 Corrosive sublimate, gr. l-16th 
 
 l-4th. 
 Copper, ammoniated, gr. \ — J. 
 sulphate, gr. \ — §> 
 
 (emetic), gr. iij — 
 Crowsbill, decoction of, f^j — ij. 
 Croton oil, gtt. ss — j. 
 Cowhage, electuary of, f3j — iv. 
 Cream of tartar, 3ss — 3j. 
 Creasote, gtt. j. 
 Cubebs, powder of, 3ss — 3j- 
 oil of, gtt. v — xx. 
 extract of, gr. v — x. 
 Cyanuret of iron, gr. iij — v. 
 of potassium, gr. J. 
 
 Dalby's carminative, f3ss. 
 Dandelion, extract of, 9j — 3 S S- 
 
 infusion of, f3ij- 
 Digitalis, powder of, gr. j. 
 
 infusion, f3ss. 
 
 tincture, gtt. x — xx. 
 Dogwood, decoction, f3ij. 
 
 Dover's powder, gr. v — x. 
 
 - Dulcamara, decoction, fgij — iv. 
 
 Elaterium, gr. £ — \. 
 x Elaterin, gr. 1-1 6th— 1 -12th. 
 Elixir of vitriol, gtt. x — xx. 
 
 of opium (M'Munn), gtt. xxv. 
 
 proprietatis, f3j. 
 Emetic, tartar, gr. j — ij. 
 Epsom salts, 3j. 
 Erigeron, infusion, f3ij. 
 Ergot, powder of, gr. x — xx. 
 
 tincture, f3j — ij- 
 
 wine, f3j— ij. 
 Essence of peppermint, gtt. x. 
 Ethiops mineral, gr. v — xx. 
 Ether, spirits of nitric, f3ss — f3j. 
 
 — sulphuric, f3ss — f3j. 
 Extract of aconite, gr. ss — j. 
 
 of butternut, 9j — 3ss. 
 of chamomile, gr. v — xx. 
 v. of colocynth, gr. x — xv. 
 
 of dandelion, 9j — 3ss. 
 of gentian, gr. v — xxx. 
 of hemlock, gr. ij — iij. 
 of henbane, gr. j — ij. 
 of jalap, gr. v — xx. 
 of lettuce, gr. iij — v. 
 of logwood, gr. v — xx. 
 of nux vomica, gr. J — j. 
 of Peruvian bark, gr. x — 
 
 xxx. 
 
 of quassia,, gr. ij — v. 
 of rhatany, gr. x — xv. 
 of taraxacum, 9j — 3ss. 
 of male fern, gr. x — xx. 
 
 Fern, male, 3j — ij- 
 Ferrocyanide of iron, gr. iij — v. 
 Foxglove. See Digitalis. 
 Fowler's solution, gtt. v — x. 
 29* 
 
342 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Garlic, syrup of, f3J. 
 Galls, powder, gr. x — xxx. 
 syrup, f3j— ij. 
 tincture, f3j — ij. 
 Gamboge, gr. iij — vj. 
 Gentian, powder, gr. x — 9ij. 
 extract, gr. v — 3ss. 
 tincture, f3j — ij. 
 Ginger, powder, gr. x — xxx. 
 infusion, f3j — ij. 
 tincture, f3j — ij. 
 Gout cordial, Warner's, fgss — ij. 
 Godfrey's cordial, f^ss — j. 
 Glauber's salts, 3j. 
 Guaiac, (gum,) gr. x — xxx. 
 tincture, f3j. 
 ammoniated tine, f3j. 
 Gunja, extract of, gr. j — iij. 
 tincture, gtt. v — x. 
 
 Hartshorn, aromatic, gtt. x — xv. 
 Hellebore, black, gr. x — xx. 
 
 extract, gr. v — x. 
 tincture, f3j. 
 white, gr. j— ij. 
 American, gr. j — ij. 
 Hemp, Indian, see Gunja. 
 
 (Apocynum Cannabi- 
 num) decoction f3j 
 
 — ij- 
 Henbane, extract, gr. j — ij. 
 
 tincture, f3j. 
 Hive syrup (Coxe's,) gtt. x — f3j. 
 Hiera picra, gr. x — xx. 
 Hoffman's anodyne, gtt. xxx — f3j. 
 Hops, infusion, f3j — ij. 
 tincture, f3j — ij. 
 Huxam's tincture of bark, f3j — ij. 
 Hyoscyamus. See Henbane. 
 Hydrocyanic acid (medicinal), gtt. 
 j— ij- 
 
 Iodide of iron, gr. ij — v. 
 
 solution, gtt. xv — 
 xl. 
 of arsenic, gr. l-16th — l-12th. 
 of barium, gr. ^ — J. 
 of potassium, gr. v — xx. 
 Iodine, tincture of, gtt. v — xx. 
 Iodo-hydrargyrate of potassium, 
 (Channing's solution,) gtt. ij — v. 
 Indigo, powder, 9j — 3j. 
 Ipecacuanha, (emetic,) gr. xv — xxx. 
 American, 9j — 3ss. 
 syrup of, f3ss — j. 
 wine of, fjss — ij. 
 Iron, pure, (reduced,) gr. v — x. 
 acetate of, gtt. x — xx. 
 ammoniated, gr. iv — x. 
 bromide of, gr. ss — j. 
 citrate of, and quinia, gr. v — x. 
 ferrocyanide of, gr. iij — v. 
 iodide of, gr. ij — v. 
 
 solution, gtt. xv — xl. 
 lactate of, gr. iij — v. 
 muriated tincture of, gtt. x — 
 
 xxx. 
 phosphate of, gr. v — x. 
 rust of, gr. v — xx. 
 subcarbonate, gr. v — xx. 
 sulphate of, gr. j — v. 
 
 (dried,) gr. ss — iij. 
 tartrate of, and potassa, gr. x 
 
 — xxx. 
 Valet's carbonate of, gr. v — x. 
 wine of, gtt. xx — f3j. 
 
 Jalap, powder of, gr. x — xx. 
 
 compound powder of, 3ss — j. 
 
 extract of, gr. x — xx. 
 
 tincture of, fgj — ij. 
 James's powder, gr. iij — viij. 
 Juniper berries, oil of, gtt. v — xv. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 343 
 
 Kino, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 infusion of, f gss — jss. 
 
 tincture of, f £ss — j. 
 Krameria. See Rhatany. 
 
 Lac assafcetidos, f3ss — j. 
 
 sulphuris, 3j — ij. 
 Laudanum, gtt. xxv. 
 Lactucariuni, gr. v — xx. 
 Lime-water, fgss — j. 
 Lobelia, powder of, gr. v — x. 
 
 tincture of, f3j. 
 Logwood, extract of, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 decoction of, fgij. 
 Lupulin, gr. v — x. 
 
 tincture of, f3j. 
 
 Magnesia, calcined, 3j. 
 
 carbonate of, 3j — ij. 
 sulphate of, 3j. 
 Male fern, 3j — ij. 
 May apple, extract, gr. x — xx. 
 Manna, gj— ij. 
 
 Meadow saffron. See Colchicum. 
 Mercury, acetate of, gr. j. 
 
 black oxide of, gr. j — iij. 
 black sulphuret of, gr. v 
 
 — xx. 
 bicyanide of, gr. 1-1 6th — 
 
 l-8th. 
 biniodide of, gr. l-16th — i 
 
 l-12th. 
 corrosive chloride of, gr. 
 
 iodide of, gr. ss — j. 
 
 mild chloride of, gr. ss — x. 
 
 yellow sulphate of, gr. ij 
 — v. 
 
 with chalk, gr. v — xx. 
 Mindererus, spirits of, f3ss— -j. 
 Monesia, extract of, gr. x — xv. 
 Morphia, acetate of, gr. £ — J. 
 
 Morphia, muriate of, gr. £ — \. 
 sulphate of, gr. £ — \. 
 
 solution of, f3j 
 
 — ij- 
 
 Muriated tincture of iron, gtt. x — 
 
 xxx. 
 Muriatic acid, gtt. v — xx. 
 
 ether, gtt. v — xxx. 
 Musk, gr. v — 3j. 
 
 artificial, gr. x. 
 tincture of, f3j. 
 Mustard seed, (whole), 3ij — iv. 
 powder, (emetic), 3j. 
 
 Naphtha, wood, gtt. x — xv. 
 Nightshade, decoction of, f3ij — iv. 
 Nitrate of potassa, gr. v — xx. 
 
 of silver, gr. \ — iij. 
 Nitre, sweet spirits of, f3ss— j. 
 Nitric acid, gtt. iij — x. 
 Nitro-muriatic acid, gtt. ij — x. 
 Nitrous powders, gr. v — x. 
 Nux vomica, extract of, gr. ss — ij. 
 
 powder of, gr. v. 
 
 tincture of, gtt. v — xx. 
 
 Oil of amber, gtt. v — xv. 
 
 of cajeput, gtt. ij — v. 
 
 castor, fgss — j. 
 
 croton, gtt. ss — j. 
 
 of cod liver, f^ss — j. 
 
 of cubebs, gtt. v — xx. 
 
 of juniper, gtt. v — xv. 
 
 of male fern, gtt. xx — f£j. 
 
 of sassafras, gtt. ij — v. 
 
 of turpentine, gtt. v — xx. 
 
 of valerian, gtt. iv — vj. 
 
 of wormseed, gtt. iv — viij. 
 Opium, gr. j. 
 
 elixir of, gtt. xxv. 
 tincture of, gtt. xxv. 
 
 acetated, gtt. xx. 
 
344 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Opium, tincture, camphorated, f3j. 
 
 vinegar of, gtt. x — xv. 
 
 wine of, gtt. xxv. 
 Oxymel of squills, f3j — ij- 
 
 Parsley, infusion of, f3iv. 
 Paregoric elixir, f^j. 
 Peruvian bark, 3j- 
 
 decoction of, f3ij. 
 infusion of, fgij. 
 extract of, gr. x — 
 
 xxx. 
 tincture of, f3j — iv. 
 Phosphate of ammonia, gr. x — xx. 
 of iron, gr. v — x. 
 of soda, 3j. 
 Phosphorus, gr. 1-1 6th. 
 Pill, blue, gr. j — viij. 
 Pink-root, powder of, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 infusion of, f3ss — -j. 
 Pipsissewa, decoction of, fgij. 
 Pomegranate bark, powder of, 9j — 
 3ss. 
 decoction of, f^j. 
 Potassa, acetate of, 9j — 3j- 
 
 bicarbonate of, 3 s s — j. 
 bitartrate of, 3ss — -j. 
 carbonate of, gr. x — xxx. 
 nitrate of, gr. v — xx. 
 sulphate of, 3ss. 
 tartrate of, 3 SS — j- 
 Potassium, iodide of, gr. y — xx. 
 cyanide of, gr. \. 
 iodo-hydrargyrate of, 
 gtt. ij— v. 
 Prussic acid (medicinal), gtt. j — ij. 
 Protiodide of mercury, gr. ss — j . 
 Pulvis antimonialis, gr. iij — viij. 
 Doveri, gr. x. 
 
 Quassia, extract of, gr. ij — v. 
 infusion of, fgij- 
 
 Quassia, tincture of, f3j- 
 Quinia, sulphate of, gr. j — v. 
 
 (impure), gr. v — x. 
 and iron, citrate of, gr. ij — 
 v. 
 
 Rhubarb, powder of, gr. x — xxx. 
 
 syrup of, f3j— ij. 
 
 aromatic, f3j — ij. 
 
 tincture of, f3ij — f3ss. 
 Rhatany, extract of, gr. x — xv. 
 
 tincture of, f^j — ij. 
 Rochelle salts, 3ss — j. 
 
 Sage, infusion of, f3j — ij. 
 Sanguinaria. See Bloodroot. 
 Sassafras, oil of, gtt. ij — v. 
 Savin, powder of, gr. v — xx. 
 
 oil of, gtt. ij — v. 
 Sarsaparilla, decoc. of, fgiv. 
 
 fluid extract of, f3j. 
 syrup of, fgss. 
 
 compound, f3ss. 
 Scabious, infusion of, f3ij. 
 Scammony, gr. v — x. 
 Secale cornutum. See Ergot. 
 Seneka, infusion of, fgj — ij. 
 powder of, gr. x — xx. 
 syrup of, f3ss — j. 
 Senna, confection of, 3j — 3ss. 
 infusion of, f3iv. 
 fluid extract of, f3j. 
 syrup of, f3j — f3 ss - 
 Simaruba, extract of, gr. ij — v. 
 
 infusion of, f3ij. 
 Silver, nitrate of, gr. \ — iij. 
 oxide of, gr. ij — iij. 
 chloride of, gr. ij — iij. 
 Soda, bicarbonate of, 9j — 3j. 
 
 carbonate of, gr. x — xxx. 
 phosphate of, 3j. 
 sulphate of, 3j. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 345 
 
 Spirit of nitre, sweet, f3ss — -j. 
 Spigelia, infusion of, fgss — -j. 
 
 powder of, gr. x — xxx. 
 Sponge, burnt, 3j — ij. 
 
 powder of, gr. iij — x. 
 Squill, powder of, gr. j — iij. 
 
 oxymel of, f3j — ij. 
 
 syrup of, f3j— ij. 
 
 vinegar of, f3j- 
 Strychnia, gr. l-12th— l-6th. 
 Stramonium leaves, powder of, gr. 
 
 ij— iij- 
 extract of, gr. j. 
 seeds, gr. j. 
 
 extract of, gr. 
 
 Sulphate of copper, gr. J. 
 
 of iron, gr. j — v. 
 
 of iron (dried), gr. ss — iij. 
 
 of magnesia, 3j. 
 
 of morphia, gr. 1-6. 
 
 of potassa, gss — j. 
 
 of quinia, gr. j — v. 
 
 of soda, 3j. 
 
 of zinc, gr. ss — ij. 
 Sulphur, sublimed, 3j — ij. 
 
 precipitated, 3j — ij. 
 
 milk of, f3j— ij. 
 Syrup vf garlic, f3ss — j. 
 
 of ginger, f3j — f3ss. 
 
 of poppies, f^j — f3ss. 
 
 of rhatany, f3j — ij. 
 
 of rhubarb, f3j — ij. 
 
 of sarsaparilla, f3ss. 
 
 of seneka, f3ss — j. 
 
 of senna, f^j — f3ss. 
 
 of squill, f3j — ij. 
 
 of tolu, f3j. 
 
 of wild cherry bark, f3j — ij. 
 
 Tannin, gr. ij— iij. 
 Tar- water, f3ij — iv. 
 
 Taraxacum, extract of, 9j — 3ss. 
 Tartar, soluble, gss — j. 
 cream of, gss — j. 
 emetic, gr. j — iij. 
 Tartrate of potassa and iron, gr. x 
 — xxx. 
 of potassa and soda, gss — j. 
 of potassa, 3ss — j. 
 Tin, powder of, 3j — 3j. 
 Tincture of aconite root, gtt. v. 
 
 of aconite leaves, gtt. xx — 
 
 xxx. 
 of aloes, fgss — jss. 
 of aloes and myrrh, f3j — 
 
 ij- 
 of assafcetida, f3j. 
 of benzoin, f3ss — j. 
 of black hellebore, f3j. 
 of buchu, f3j. 
 of cantharides, gtt. x — 
 
 xxx. 
 of capsicum, f 3ss — j. 
 of cinchona, f3j — iv. 
 of cascarilla, f3j. 
 of castor, f3j — ij. 
 of catechu, f3ss — iij. 
 of columbo, f3j. 
 of colchicum, gtt. x — xxx. 
 of cubebs, f3j. 
 of digitalis, gtt. x — xx. 
 of galls, f3j. 
 of guaiac, f3j. 
 of guaiac, amnion., f3j. 
 of hemlock, gtt. xxx — f3j. 
 of henbane, f3j. 
 of hops, f3j— ij. 
 of iodine, gtt. v — xx. 
 of iodine comp., gtt. x — 
 
 xl. 
 of jalap, foj— ij. 
 of kino, fo^s — j. 
 of lobelia, f'3j — ij- 
 
346 
 
 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY, 
 
 Tincture of lupulin, f3j. 
 
 of muriate of iron, gtt. x 
 
 — xxx. 
 of musk, f3j. 
 
 of nux vomica, gtt. v— xx. 
 of opium, gtt. xxv. 
 of opium acetated, gtt. xx. 
 of opium camphorated, 
 
 f3j- 
 of opium ammoniated, f3j- 
 of quassia, f3j- 
 of rhatany, f3j- — ij- 
 of rhubarb, 3y — f3ss. 
 of rhubarb and aloes, f3ij 
 
 — fgss. 
 of rhubarb and gentian, 
 
 f3ij— f3ss. 
 of rhubarb and senna, 
 
 f3ij— f3ij. 
 of senna, f3j — ij. 
 of serpentaria, f3j — ij- 
 of squill, gtt. xx — xl. 
 of tolu, f3j— ij. 
 of valerian, f3j — fgss. 
 of veratrum, gtt. iij — vj. 
 Tolu, balsam of, gr. x — xxx. 
 syrup of, f3j— fgss. 
 tincture of, f3j — ij. 
 Turlington's balsam, f3ss — j. 
 Turpentine, white, gr. x — 3j- 
 Canada, 3ss — 3j- 
 spirits (oil) of, gtt. v 
 — xx. 
 Turpeth mineral (emetic), gr. v. 
 
 Uva ursi, powder of, gr. xx — 3j. 
 decoction, f3j — ij. 
 
 Valerian, infusion of, fgij. 
 
 extract of, gr. j — v. 
 oil of, gtt. iv — vj. 
 tincture of, f3j — f3ss. 
 " ammoniated, f3j 
 
 — ij- 
 Vallet's carbonate of iron, gr. v — x. 
 Veratria, gr. l-16th— l-8th. 
 Veratrum album, gr. iij — vj. 
 
 tincture of, gtt. iij — vj. 
 Vinegar of colchicum, gtt. xxx — 
 f3ij- 
 of opium, gtt. x — xv. 
 of squill, f3j. 
 Virginia snake-root, powder of, gr. 
 x — xxx. 
 infusion of, f3j — ij- 
 tincture of, f3j — ij. 
 
 Warner's gout cordial, fgij — f3y- 
 Wormseed oil, gtt. iv — viij. 
 White oak bark, decoction of, f3ij. 
 extract of, gr. xx. 
 Wild cherry bark, infusion of, f3ij. 
 
 syrup of, f3j. 
 Wine, antimonial, f3ss — j. 
 
 of aloes, f3ij — iv. 
 
 of colchicum, f3ss — j. 
 
 of ergot f3j— iij. 
 
 of ipecacuanha, f3ss — f3j- 
 
 of iron, gtt. xx — f3j. 
 
 of opium, gtt. xxv. 
 
 Zinc, oxide of, gr. iij — v. 
 
 sulphate of, gr. ss — ij. 
 valerianate of, gr. j — ij. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 The alphabetical arrangement adopted in the American Formulary- 
 renders a general index unnecessary, each article being easily found 
 (under its Latin or officinal title) by reference to its initial letter. The 
 following is a list of the English names of most of the articles mentioned 
 in the work, together with the corresponding officinal titles. 
 
 Acetic Acid, Acidum Aceticum. (Other Acids will be found 
 
 under the title Acidum.) 
 Aconite, Aconitum. 
 Alder, black, Prinos. 
 Almonds, bitter, Amygdala Amara. 
 Almonds, sweet, Amygdala dulcis. 
 Alum, Alumen. 
 Amber, Succinum. 
 American Centaury, Sabbatia. 
 Ammoniac, Ammoniacum. 
 Aniseed, Anisum. 
 Antidotes. See Appendix II. 
 Antimonial Wine, Vinum Antimonii. 
 Arrow-root, Maranta. 
 Arsenic, Acidum Arseniosum. 
 Ash, prickly, Xanihoxylum. 
 
 Balm, Melissa. 
 
 Balsam of Peru, Myroxylon. 
 
 Balsam of Tolu, Tolutanum. 
 
 Bark, Peruvian, Cinchona. 
 
 Bark, Winter's. 
 
 Barley, Hordeum. 
 
 Barley Water. See Appendix I. 
 
 Baths, Balneum. 
 
348 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Bearberry, Uva TJrsi. 
 
 Bittersweet, Dulcamara. 
 
 Blackberry Root, Rubus Villosus. 
 
 Black Drop, Acetum Opii. 
 
 Blood-root, Sanguinaria. 
 
 Borax, Sodce Boras. 
 
 Bromide of Iron, Ferri Bromidum. 
 
 Bromine, Brominum. 
 
 Broom, Scoparius. 
 
 Bucbu, Diosma. 
 
 Butter-nut, Juglans. 
 
 Calomel, Hydrargyri Chloridum Mite. 
 
 Camphor, Camphor a. 
 
 Caraway, Carum. 
 
 Cardamom, Cardamomum. 
 
 Carrageen, Chondrus. 
 
 Carrot Seed, Carota. 
 
 Castor Oil, Oleum Ricini. 
 
 Catnip, Cataria. 
 
 Cayenne Pepper, Capsicum. 
 
 Cerates, Ceratum. 
 
 Chalk, Creta. 
 
 Chamomile Flowers, Anthemis. 
 
 Charcoal, Carbo. 
 
 Charcoal, Animal, Carbo Animalis. 
 
 Cherry-laurel, Lauro-cerasus. 
 
 Chloride of Gold, Auri Chloridum. 
 
 Chlorine, Chlorinum. 
 
 Cinnamon, Cinnamomum. 
 
 Cloves, Caryophyllus. 
 
 Cod-liver Oil, Oleum Ilorrhuce. 
 
 Colocynth, Colocynthis. 
 
 Colombo, Colomba. 
 
 Confections, Confectio. 
 
 Copaiva (Balsam of), Copaiba. 
 
 Copper, Cuprum. 
 
 Coriander, Coriandrum. 
 
 Cowhage, Mucuna. 
 
 Cranesbill, Geranium. 
 
 Creasote, Creasotum. 
 
 Cubebs, Cubeba. 
 
INDEX. 349 
 
 Dandelion, Taraxacum. 
 
 Decoctions, Decocta. 
 
 Dewberry-Root, Rubus Trivialis. 
 
 Dock, Rumex. 
 
 Dog's Bane, Apocynum Androscemifolium. 
 
 Dog-wood, Cornus Florida. 
 
 Doses, estimated according to the age. See Appendix. 
 
 Doses, Table of. See Appendix. 
 
 Dover's Powder, Pulvis Ipecac, et Opii. 
 
 Eau de Cologne, Aqua Coloniensis. 
 
 Effervescing Draught. Haustus Effervescens. 
 
 Egg, Ovum. 
 
 Elder Berries. Sambucus. 
 
 Elixir of Vitriol, Acidum Sulphuricum Aromaticum. 
 
 " Proprietatis, Tinctura Aloes et Myrrhce. 
 
 " Salutis, Tinctura Sennce et Jalapas. 
 
 11 Sacrum, Tinctura Rhei et Aloes. 
 Epsom Salts, Magnesias Sulphas. 
 Ergot, Ergota. 
 Ether, JEther. 
 
 Ethiops Mineral, Hydrargyri Sulphur etum Nigrum. 
 Extracts, Exiracta. 
 
 Fennel Seed, Foeniculum. 
 
 Figs, Ficus. 
 
 Figwort, knotty, Scrophularia Nodosa. 
 
 Flaxseed, Linum. 
 
 Flies, Spanish, Cantharis. 
 
 " Potato, Cantharis vittata. 
 Flour, Farina. 
 
 Fowler's Solution, Liquor Potasscn Arsenitis, 
 Fox-glove, Digitalis. 
 Friar's Balsam, Tine. Benzoini Composita. 
 
 Galls, Galla. 
 Gamboge, Gambogia. 
 Garlic, Allium. 
 Ginger, Zingiber. 
 Ginger, wild, Asarum. 
 Ginseng, Panax. 
 Glauber's Salts, Sodas Sulphas. 
 30 
 
350 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Godfrey's Cordial. See under Tine. Opii Camphorata. 
 
 Gold, preparations of, Auram. 
 
 Goldthread, Coptis. 
 
 Goulard's Cerate, Ceratum Plumbi Subacetatis. 
 
 Goulard's Extract, Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis. 
 
 Green Vitriol, Ferri Sulphas. 
 
 Griffith's Antiheetic Mixture, Mistura Ferri Composita. 
 
 Gruel, Indian, Oatmeal, &e. See Appendix. 
 
 Gum Arabic, Acacia. 
 
 Hardhack, Spircea. 
 
 Hellebore, American, Yeratrum Yiride. 
 
 " Black, Helleborus. 
 
 " White, Yeratrum Album. 
 
 Hemlock, Conium. 
 
 Hemp, Indian, Apocynum Cannabinum. 
 Hemp, Indian (Gunjah), Cannabis Indica. 
 Henbane, LTyoscyamus. 
 Hiera Picra, Pulvis Aloes et Canellce. 
 Hive Syrup, Syrupus Scillce Compositus. 
 
 Hoffman's Anodyne, Spiritus ^Etheris Sulphurici Compositus, 
 Honey, Mel. 
 Honeys, Mellita. 
 
 Hooper's Pills. See Pilulce Ferri cum Aloe. 
 Hops, Hamulus. 
 Horehound, Marrubium. 
 Horseradish, Armoracia. 
 Horsemint, Monarda. 
 Hundred-leaved Rose, Rosa Centifolia. 
 Hyponitrous Ether, JEther Xitrosus. 
 
 Iceland Moss, Cetraria. 
 
 Indian Hemp, Apocynum Cannabinum. 
 
 Indian Physic, Gillenia. 
 
 Indian Tobacco, Lobelia. 
 
 Indian Turnip, Arum. 
 
 Infusions, Infusa. 
 
 Iodine, lodinum. 
 
 Iodine, Lugol's Solution of, Liquor Iodini Compositus. 
 
 Ipecacuanha, American, Euphorbia Corollata. 
 
 Iron, preparations of, Ferrum. 
 
 Isinglass, Ichthyocolla. 
 
 Isinglass Jelly. See Appendix. 
 
INDEX. 351 
 
 Jalap, Jalapa. 
 
 James's Powder, Pulvis Antimonialis* 
 Jerusalem Oak, Chenopodium. 
 Jujube Paste, Pasta Jujubce. 
 Juniper, Juniperus. 
 
 Labarraque's Disinfecting Liquid, Liquor Sodce Chlorinatce. 
 
 Lac Assafcetidas, llisturu Assafoetidce. 
 
 Lac Sulphuris, Sulphur Prozcipitatum. 
 
 Lactate of Iron, Ferri Lactas. 
 
 Lady Webster's Pills. See Pilulae Stoniaehicse. 
 
 Lancaster Black Drop. See Acetum Opii. 
 
 Lard, Adeps. 
 
 Larkspur, Delphinium. 
 
 Laudanum, Tinctura Opii. 
 
 Laudanum, Sydenham's, Vinum Opii. 
 
 Lead, preparations of, Plumbum. 
 
 Lead Plaster, Emplastrum Plumbi. 
 
 Lead Water, Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis Dilutus. 
 
 Leeches, Hirudo. 
 
 Lemon-peel, Limonis Cortex. 
 
 Lemons, Limon. 
 
 Lenitive Electuary, Confectio Sennce. 
 
 Leopard's-bane, Arnica. 
 
 Lettuce, Lactuca. 
 
 Lime, Calx. 
 
 Lime-water, Liquor Colds* 
 
 Liniments, Linimenta. 
 
 Linseed, Linum. 
 
 Linseed Oil, Oleum Lini. 
 
 Liquorice, Extractum Glycyrrhizce. 
 
 Liquorice-root, Glycyrrhiza. 
 
 Lisbon Diet Drink, JDecoctum Sarsaparilloi Compositum. 
 
 Litharge, Plumbi Oxidum Semivitreum. 
 
 Litmus, Lacmus. 
 
 Liverwort, Hepatica. 
 
 Long Pepper, Piper Longum. 
 
 Logwood, Ilcamatoxylon. 
 
 Lozenges, Trochisci. 
 
 Lunar Caustic, Argenti jNitras. 
 
 Lupulin, Lupulina. 
 
352 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY, 
 
 Mace, Maris. 
 
 Madder, Rubia. 
 
 Magistery of Bismuth, Bismuthi Subnitras. 
 
 Magnesia Alba, Magnesice Carbonas. 
 
 Male Fern, Filix lias. 
 
 Marble, Marmot. 
 
 Marjoram, Common, Origanum. 
 
 Marjoram, Sweet, Origanum Major ana. 
 
 Marsh. Trefoil, Menyanthes. 
 
 Marshmallow, Althcea. 
 
 Martial Ethiops, Ferri Oxiduni Nigrum, 
 
 Mastich, Mastiche. 
 
 May-apple, Podophyllum. 
 
 May-weed, Cotula. 
 
 Measures and Weights. See Appendix. 
 
 Medicated "Waters, Aquce Medicates. 
 
 Mercury, Hydrargyrum. 
 
 Milk of Assafcetidse, Mistura Assafoetidce. 
 
 Milk of Sulphur, Sulphur Prcecipitatum. 
 
 Mineral Tar, Petroleum. 
 
 Mineral Waters, Table of. See Appendix, 
 
 Mint, Mentha. 
 
 Mixtures, Misturce. 
 
 Molasses, Syrupus Empyreumaticus. 
 
 Monkshood, Aeonitum." 
 
 Mucilage, Mucilago. 
 
 Mulberries, Morus. 
 
 Mullein Leaves, Verbascum Thapsus, 
 
 Muriatic Acid, Acidum Muriaticum. 
 
 Musk, Moschus. 
 
 Musk, Artificial, Moschus Artificialit, 
 
 Mustard, Sinapis. 
 
 Myrrh, Myrrha. 
 
 Neat's-foot Oil, Oleum Bubulum. 
 Neroli, Oleum Florum Aurantii. 
 Neutral Mixture, Liquor Potassce Citratis, 
 Nightshade, deadly, Belladonna. 
 " woody, Dulcamara. 
 
 Nitre, Potassce. Nitras. 
 Nitric Acid, Acidum Nitricum. 
 Nitrous Powders. See Pulveres Diaphoretics. 
 Nutmeg, Myristica. 
 
INDEX. 353 
 
 Oak bark, black, Quercus Tinctoria. 
 
 " " white, Quercus Alba. 
 Oils, distilled, Olea Destillata. 
 Oils, fixed, Olea Fixa. 
 Ointments, Unguenta. 
 Olive oil, Oleum Olivce. 
 
 Opodeldoc, Linimentum Saponis Camphor atum. 
 Orange-flower Water, Aqua Aurantii. 
 Orange-peel, Aurantii Cortex. 
 Orgeat Syrup, Syrupus Amygdalce. 
 Orris, Florentine, Iris Florentina. 
 Otto of Roses, Oleum Rosce. 
 Ox-gall, Fel Bovinum. 
 Oyster-shell, prepared, Testa Prceparata. 
 
 Paregoric Elixir, Tinctura Opii Camphorata. 
 
 Parsley-root, Petroselinum. 
 
 Partridge-berry, Gaultheria. 
 
 Peach Leaves, Amygdalus Persica. 
 
 Pearl barley, Hordeum Perlatum. 
 
 Pearlash, Potassce Carbonas Impurus. 
 
 Pearson's Arsenical Solution, Liquor Sodaz Arseniatis. 
 
 Pennyroyal, Hedeoma. 
 
 Pepper, black, Piper. 
 
 Peppermint, Mentha Piperita. 
 
 Persimmon, Diospyros. 
 
 Pills, Pilulce. 
 
 Pink-root, Spigelia. 
 
 Pipsissewa, Chimaphila. 
 
 Pitch, Burgundy, Pix Abietis. 
 
 " Canada, Pix Canadensis. 
 Pitch Plaster, Emplastrum Picis. 
 Plantain, Plantago. 
 Plasters, Emplastra. 
 Pleurisy-root, Asclepias Tuberosa. 
 Plummer's Pills. Pil. Hydrarg. Chloridi Compositce. 
 Poison-oak, Toxicodendron. 
 Poke (berries and root), Phytolacca. 
 Poplar, Populus. 
 Poppy capsules, Papaver. 
 Potato Flies, Cantharis Vittata. 
 30* 
 
354 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Powders, Pulveres. 
 
 Prepared Chalk, Creta Prceparata. 
 
 Prepared Oyster-shell, Testa Prceparata. 
 
 Preservation of Vegetables, Vegetabilium Prceparatio. 
 
 Prickly Ash, Xanthoxylum. 
 
 Pride of China, Azederach. 
 
 Prunes, Prunum. 
 
 Prussian Blue, Ferri Ferrocyanuretum. 
 
 Prussic Acid, Acidum Hydrocyanicum. 
 
 Puccoon, Sanguinaria. 
 
 Pulps, PulpcB. 
 
 Purging Cassia, Cassia Fistula. 
 
 Purging Flax, Linum Catharticum. 
 
 Quicklime, Calx. 
 
 Quicksilver, Hydrargyrum. 
 
 Quince Seeds, Cydonia. 
 
 Quinia, preparations of, Quinice Acetas, §c. 
 
 Raisins, Uva Passa. 
 
 Raspberry Syrup. See Syrupus Mori. 
 
 Red Precipitate, Hydrargyri Oxidum Rubrum. 
 
 Red Roses, Rosa Gallica. 
 
 Resin, Resina. 
 
 Resin Cerate (Basilicon), Ceratum Resince. 
 
 Rhatany, Krameria. 
 
 Rhubarb, Rheum. 
 
 Rochelle Salts, Soda? et Potassce Tartras. 
 
 Rock Oil, Petroleum. 
 
 Rose Water, Aqua Rosce. 
 
 Rosemary, Rosmarinus. 
 
 Rue, Rata. 
 
 Rufus' Pills, Pil. Aloes et Myrrhce. 
 
 Rust of Iron, Rubigo Ferri. 
 
 Saffron, Crocus. 
 
 Sage, Salvia. 
 
 Saline Mixture, Liquor Potassce Citratis. 
 
 Saline Waters. See Appendix. 
 
 Saunders, red, Santalum. 
 
 Savine, Sabina. 
 
 Scabious, Erigeron Philadelphicum. 
 
INDEX. 355 
 
 Sea Water. See Appendix (Mineral Waters). 
 
 Seneka, Senega. 
 
 Silver, preparations of, Argentum. 
 
 Simple Cerate, Ceratum Simplex. 
 
 Skunk Cabbage, Dracontium. 
 
 Slippery Elm Bark, Ulmus. 
 
 Snakeroot, black, Cimicifuga. 
 
 " button, Eryngium. 
 
 " Canada, Asarum. 
 
 " Seneka, Senega. 
 
 " Virginia, Serpenlaria. 
 
 Soap, Sapo. 
 
 Soap Liniment, Tinctura Saponis Camphorata. 
 Soap Plaster, Emplastrum Saponis. 
 Soluble Tartar, Potassce Tartras. 
 Soot, Fuligo. 
 Sorrel, Rumex. 
 
 Spa Water. See Appendix (Mineral Waters). 
 Spanish Flies, Cantharis. 
 Spearmint, Mentha Viridis. 
 Spermaceti, Cetaceum. 
 
 Spiced Syrup of Rhubarb, Syrupus Rhei Aromaticus. 
 Spirits, Spiritus. 
 Spurred Rye, Ergota. 
 Squill, Scilla. 
 Starch, Amylum. 
 Stavesacre, Staphisagria. 
 Storax, Styrax. 
 
 Strengthening Plaster, Emplastrum Roborans. 
 Stronger Solution of Ammonia, Liquor Ammonia Eortior. 
 Suet, Sevum. 
 Sugar, Saccharum. 
 
 Sulphuretted Hydrogen, Acidum Hydro sulphur icum. 
 Sulphuric Acid, Acidum Sulphuricum. 
 Sulphuric Ether, JEther Sulphuricus. 
 Sumach, Rhus Glabrum. 
 Sweet Almonds, Amygdala Dulcis. 
 Sweet Flag, Calamus. 
 Sweet Marjoram, Origanum Majorana. 
 Sweet Spirits of Nitre, Spiritus JEtheris Nitrici. 
 Syrups, Syrupi. 
 
356 AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY. 
 
 Tables. For Tables of Weights and Measures ; of Doses of Medi- 
 cines ; of Mineral Waters, &c, see Appendix. 
 Tannin, Acidum Tannicum. 
 Tansy, Tanacetum. 
 Tar, Pix Liquida. 
 Tar Water, Aqua Picis Liquidce. 
 Tartar Emetic, Antimonii et Potasses Tartras. 
 Thorn-apple, Stramonium. 
 Tin, Stannum. 
 Tinctures, Tincturce. 
 Tobacco, Tabacum. 
 Tous les Mois, Canna. 
 Tragacanth, Tragacantha. 
 Troches, Trochisci. 
 Tulip-tree Bark, Liriodendron. 
 Turlington's Balsam, Tinctura Benzoini Composita. 
 Turmeric, Curcuma. 
 Turpentine, Terebinthina. 
 Turpentine, Spirits of, Oleum Terebinthina?. 
 Tutty Ointment, TJnguentum Tutia*. 
 
 Valerian, Valeriana. 
 
 Vallet's Ferruginous Pills, Piluloz Ferri Carbonatis. 
 
 Verjuice, Succus Malorum. 
 
 Vinegar, Acetum. 
 
 Vinegar, Aromatic, Acetum Aromaticum. 
 
 Vinegars, Medicated, Aceta. 
 
 Violet, Viola. 
 
 Virginia Snake-root, Serpentaria. 
 
 Vitriolated Tartar, Potassce Sulphas. 
 
 Volatile Liniment, Linimentum Ammonice. 
 
 Volatile Oils, Olea Volatilia. 
 
 Volatile Salts, Ammonioz Carbonas. 
 
 Wade's Balsam, Tinctura Benzoini Composita. 
 Walnut, White, Juglans Cinerea. 
 Warming Plaster, Emplastrum Calefaciens. 
 Warner's Gout Cordial, Tinctura Rhci et Senna*. 
 Water, Aqua. 
 
 Water, Distilled, Aqua Destillata. 
 Water of Ammonia, Liquor Ammonice. 
 Waters, Distilled, Aquoz Destillata*. 
 
INDEX. 357 
 
 Waters, Medicated, Aquce Medicates. 
 Wax, White, Cera Alba. 
 
 11 Yellow, Cera Flava. 
 White Arsenic, Acidum Arseniosum. 
 White Mustard Seed, Sinapis Alba. 
 White Hellebore, Veratrum Album. 
 White Lead, Plumbi Carbonas. 
 White Oxide of Bismuth, Bismuthi Subnitras. 
 White Precipitate, Hydrargyrum Ammoniatum. 
 White Sugar, Saccharum. 
 White Vitriol, Zinci Sulphas. 
 White Walnut, Jaglans Cinerea. 
 White Wax, Cera Alba. 
 Wild Chamomile, Cotula. 
 Wild-cherry Bark, Prunus Virginiana. 
 Wild Cucumber, Elaterium. 
 Wild Ginger, Asarum. 
 Willow, Salix. 
 Wine, Vinum. 
 Wines, Medicated, Vina. 
 Wines, Table of. See Appendix, 
 Winter's Bark, Winter a. 
 
 Wistar's Cough Lozenges, Trochisci Glycyrrhizce et Opii. 
 Wood-sorrel, Acetosella. 
 Worm-seed, Chenopodium. 
 Worm-wood, Absinthium. 
 
 Yeast Poultice, Cataplasma Fermenti. 
 
 Yellow-root, Xanthorrhiza. 
 
 Yellow Sulphate of Mercury, Hydrargyri Sulphas Flavus, 
 
 Yellow Wax, Cera Flava. 
 
 Zinc, Preparations of, Zineum. 
 Zittman's Decoction, Decoctum Zittmani. 
 
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