Qass 
 
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61ST Congress) 
 3d Saiion i 
 
 SENATE 
 
 (DOCOMENT 
 
 X No. 872 
 
 l|.?. 
 
 «»0 -HH 
 
 JONATHAN P. DOLLIVER 
 
 (Late a Senator from Iowa) 
 
 MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 DELIVERED IN THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF 
 REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 SIXTY-FIRST CONGRESS 
 THIRD SESSION 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 
 February 18, 1911 
 
 Proceedings in the House 
 February 26, 1911 
 
 COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 
 THE JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING 
 
 y 
 
 A\ 
 
 v)' 
 
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 WASHINGTON 
 
 1911 
 
 // A ^LOL 
 
3Gfe Us 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 Page. 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 5 
 
 Prayer by Rev. Ulysses 0. B. Pierce, D. D 5,7 
 
 Memorial addresses by — 
 
 Mr. Cummins, of Iowa 9 
 
 Mr. Cullom, of Illinois 15 
 
 Mr. Tillman, of South Carolina 20 
 
 Mr. Beveridge, of Indiana 22 
 
 Mr. Clapp, of Minnesota 30 
 
 Mr. La F'ollette, of Wisconsin 36 
 
 Mr. Gore, of Oklahoma 41 
 
 Mr. Chamberlain, of Oregon 46 
 
 Mr. Young, of Iowa 54 
 
 Proceedings in the House 72 
 
 Prayer by Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D 73 
 
 Memorial addresses by — 
 
 Mr. Hubbard, of Iowa 75 
 
 Mr. Woods, of Iowa 81 
 
 Mr. Norris, of Nebraska 87 
 
 Mr. Pickett, of Iowa 91 
 
 Mr. Kennedy, of Iowa 98 
 
 Mr. Lenroot, of Wisconsin 100 
 
 Mr. Kendall, of Iowa 103 
 
 Mr. Hull, of lowa_. 100 
 
 Mr. Sulzer, of New York 109 
 
 Mr. Dawson, of Iowa 112 
 
 Mr. Martin, of South Dakota 120 
 
 Mr. Good, of Iowa 125 
 
 Mr. Clark, of Missouri '. 129 
 
 Mr. Haugen, of Iowa 135 
 
 Mr. Smith, of Iowa 139 
 
 [3] 
 
DEATH OF HON. JONATHAN P. DOLLIVER 
 
 Proceedings in the Senate 
 
 December 5, 1910. 
 
 The Vice President (James S. Sherman, of New York) 
 called the Senate to order at 12 o'clock noon. 
 
 The Chaplain, Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D., offered 
 the following prayer: 
 
 Almighty Clod, our heavenly Father, in whose presence 
 we now stand, look with favor, we pray Thee, upon Thy 
 waiting servants now before Thee, and graciously hear 
 the common supplication wliich with one lieart and with 
 one miiul we make unto Thee. 
 
 The absent faces remind us anew that it is not in us 
 who walk to direct our steps, and that we are ever de- 
 pendent upon Thee, without whom not a sparrow falleth. 
 We remember before Thee, our Father, those of our body 
 wliom Thou hast called from these earthly courts to 
 Thine higher service, and pray tlial tliere as here they 
 may be compassed about by Thine everlasting arms. 
 
 And for us, as we gird ourselves for the work to which 
 Thou hast called us, we pray that we may be guided by 
 Thy wisdom and upheld by Thy strength; that this ses- 
 sion, begun in Thy name, may be continued by Tliy 
 grace and ended to Thy glory. 
 
 And unto the name whicli is above every name will we 
 render praise, now and forevermorc. Amen. 
 
 [6] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Doi.i.iver 
 
 Mr. Cummins. Mr. President, it has become my duty, 
 and a very sad duty it is, to announce to the Senate the 
 death of my colleague, Jonathan P. Dolliver. He died 
 at his home in the city of Fort Dodge on the 15th day of 
 October. 
 
 At another time I shall ask the Senate to designate a 
 day upon which we can consider and reflect on his great 
 personal worth and his distingui.shed public service. At 
 this time I offer the following resolutions. 
 
 The Vice President. The Secretary will read the resolu- 
 tions offered by the Senator from Iowa. 
 
 The Secretary read the resolutions, as follows : 
 
 Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of 
 tlie death of tlie Hon. Jonathan P. Dolliver, late a Senator from 
 the State of Iowa. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary communicate a copy of these reso- 
 lutions to the House of Representatives. 
 
 The Vice President. The question is on agreeing to the 
 resolutions. 
 
 The resolutions were unanimously agreed to. 
 
 January 21, 1911. 
 Mr. Bacon. Mr. President, I desire to give notice, speak- 
 ing for my colleague and myself, and also for the 
 Senators from Iowa, that on Saturday, the 18th day of 
 February, we shall ask the Senate, at half past 2 o'clock, 
 to suspend the ordinary business for the purpose of 
 listening to tributes to be paid to the memory of my 
 former colleague, Mr. Clay, and of the former Senator 
 from Iowa, Mr. Dolli\"Er. 
 
 [6] 
 
Proceedings in the Senate 
 
 Saturday, February 18, 1911. 
 Tlie Chaplain, Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D., offered 
 the following prayer: 
 
 Eternal God, our heavenly Father, with whom do live 
 tlie spirits of them that depart hence and with whom the 
 souls of the faithful evermore dwell, to Thee alone can 
 we turn in this hour of sorrow and of loss. Thy com- 
 passions have been ever of old, and because Thy faith- 
 fulness changeth not, therefore arc we not cast down. 
 As Thou dost call us to this day of memory, when not as 
 we would but as we are able we speak forth the praise 
 of Thy servants, help us, we pray Thee, by the light of 
 their lives to be faithful in duty, loyal to the service of 
 our country, and obedient to the heavenly vision, because 
 of those who walk no more with us on earth. 
 
 And unto Thee, who art the light of them that sit in 
 darkness and who dost comfort all that mourn, giving 
 beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, and the 
 garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness, will we 
 ascribe praise now and for evermore. Amen. 
 
 Mr. Cummins. Mr. President, 1 offer the resolutions 
 which I send to the desk. 
 
 The Presiding Officer (Mr. Chamberlain in tlie chair). 
 The Secretary' will read the resolutions submitted by the 
 Senator from Iowa. 
 
 The resolutions were read, considered by unanimous 
 consent, and unanimously agreed to, as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow of 
 the death of the Hon. Jonathan Prentiss Dolliveb, late a Senator 
 from the Slate of Iowa. 
 
 [7] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 Resolved, That as a mark of respect to the memory of the 
 deceased Senator the business of the Senate be now suspended to 
 enable his associates to pay proper tribute to his high character 
 and distinguished public services. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary communicate a copy of these reso- 
 lutions to the House of Representatives and transmit a copy 
 thereof to the family of the deceased Senator. 
 
 [8] 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 Address of Mr. Cummins, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. President: Jonathan Prentiss Dolliver was born 
 in the country, not far from Kingwood, Preston County, 
 Va., now West Virginia, on the 6tli clay of February, 1858. 
 His father was a Methodist minister — a circuit rider of 
 the old times — of New England ancestiy. His mother 
 was a southern woman of gentle grace and dignity. His 
 early boyhood was spent largely upon the farm of his 
 maternal grandparents, vviiere he was born. He entered 
 the West Virginia University while still very young and 
 graduated in 1875, at the age of 17, with the scientific 
 honor of his class. Very soon thereafter he turned his 
 face to the West, tauglit scliool in Illinois for a brief 
 period, and then settled down in Fort Dodge, Iowa, where 
 he was admitted to the bar in 1878. The promise of a 
 brilliant career in his chosen profession, so obvious to 
 those who knew him, had brief opportunity for fultill- 
 ment, for, after one unsuccessful ellort before the district 
 convention, he was nominated and elected to the House 
 of Representatives in 1888, and from that time forward 
 his life was given to his country, and his great mind and 
 faillilul heart were devoted to the service of his fellow 
 men in the discussion of moral, economic, and political 
 questions either in tlie House, the Senate, or in the forum 
 of the people. 
 
 He was continuously u .Member of the House from 
 March 4, 1889, until August 2, 1900, when he was ap- 
 
 [9] 
 
Memorial Addrksses : Senator Dolliyer 
 
 pointed to the Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the 
 death of John H. Gear. He was elected to the Senate by 
 the Legislature of Iowa in 1902 and again in 1907. He 
 was married in November, 1895, to Miss Louisa Pearsons, 
 a most accomplished woman, who, in tlie best and highest 
 sense, was a helpmate in all the remaining arduous years 
 of his life, and whose loving concern, loyal zeal, and wise 
 counsels contributed mightily to his distinguished career. 
 Of this union three children were born — Margaret, 
 Frances, and George Prentiss. He died at his home in 
 Fort Dodge on the 15th day of October, 1910, leaving 
 behind him his wife, his three children, two sisters, and 
 a brother. 
 
 This is the meager outline of one of the most con- 
 spicuous and one of the most fruitful lives of our day 
 and generation, and the Senate has now turned aside 
 from its usual work to survey for a brief time this tower- 
 ing figure which so lately, in vigor and strength, walked 
 ' to and fro through this Chamber and which but a short 
 1 while ago stood on this very spot quivering all over with 
 / righteous fervor and patriotic enthusiasm, delivering the 
 last and greatest speech of his life in the Senate; a 
 philippic, an argument, an appeal; a masterpiece in the 
 ( annals of this historic body; an oration that will never 
 j be forgotten by those who heard it and tliat will be read 
 by future generations with increasing diiight, so long as 
 good literature is admired and so long as freedom of 
 political thought and public action are preserved among 
 men. As 1 listened to it 1 thought of the remark made 
 by Webster in explanation of his famous speech, " I only 
 had to reach out my hand and grasp the thunderbolts 
 as they went smoking by." 
 
 We did not know it, and maybe he did not, but the 
 hand of death was even then upon him, and in this 
 memorable address he seemed to gather up all his expir- 
 
 tlO] 
 
Addrkss or !Mn. Cummins, ov Iowa 
 
 ing energies; his strength stiflFened, his power grew, and 
 he swept on and up to his highest point of human attain- 
 ment; and this was his farewell to the Senate and to the 
 world. What an exit from the stage of human activi- 
 ties! What an entrance into the mysteries of the life 
 beyond ! 
 
 1 did not know Senator Dolliver's mother, but I knew 
 his father well, and knowing him, I would have been sur- 
 prised if the son had been other than he was. The father 
 was a striking character. Filled with religious faith that 
 knew no shadow of doubt, he fashioned his life accord- 
 ingly and turned neither to the right nor left from the 
 path of duty. He never temporized nor compromised. 
 He knew but one way to deal with wrong, and that was 
 to fight it in season and out of season. He rode his cir- 
 cuit to preach and spread the gospel because he believed 
 the gospel was necessary to man's salvation, and to him 
 the luxurious and sinful pleasures of the world were not 
 even a temptation. Just such stern, unflinching belief 
 has made our country what it is, and it was such a man 
 who gave Jonathan Dolliver the bent and direction 
 which kept him true and steady to the highest ideals 
 and made it possible for him to confer lasting benefits 
 upon the age in which he lived. 
 
 Senator Doi.i.iver was an industrious student in every 
 branch of learning. He enriched an unsurpassed natural 
 endowment by constant explorations into all the fields 
 of knowledge. He not only mastered the facts of his- 
 torj-, but he caught and held its spirit and knew the rela- 
 tion of events to eacli oilier; and you will all bear witness 
 to his marvelous aptitude in illustrating and illuminating 
 the discussion of a current question by the parallels of 
 former times. He knew the Bible better than any man 
 of my acquaintance, and he knew it not only for its 
 spiritual guidance, but he knew it as the source of the 
 
 [11] 
 
Memorial Aoduesses : Senator Dolliver 
 
 best and most impressive English spoken by our race. 
 Its strong and homely idioms were always upon his lips, 
 whether in private conversation or in public discourse, 
 and never did a man draw from this inexhaustible foun- 
 tain sweeter and richer drafts than did our beloved 
 friend. 
 
 He was a keen analyst and a profound reasoner, and in 
 everj' debate he made real contributions to the sum of 
 knowledge upon the subject. Entirely apart from the 
 charm of his oratory, his researches into the policies of 
 government and into the economic problems of his time 
 lifted him up to high distinction among his fellow 
 workers of the House and Senate. All these virtues and 
 accomplishments he shared with many other faithful 
 souls, but he had one power which was not held in equal 
 degree by any other man of his day — his wonderful, 
 almost divine, gift of speech. 
 
 The truth is not always interesting, not always con- 
 vincing, but upon his tongue it always took a form so 
 picturesque and unique that his utterances challenged 
 immediate attention and bore his hearers irresistibly 
 along to his conclusion. His imagination was alive with 
 parallels, illustrations, and pictures. The instant he 
 touched a subject it began to glow, not only with the 
 steady light of truth, but with the shifting, moving light 
 of his imaginative genius. He was able to compress in 
 a single sentence not only the most profound postulates 
 of philosophy, but the concentrated evidences of all time 
 of their soundness. I can not upon this occasion quote 
 from his writing and speeches. I must content myself 
 with saying that, measured by the standard of effective- 
 ness and purity, his use of the mother tongue has never 
 been surpassed and rarely equaled. 
 
 All these attributes of power, and strength, and manli- 
 ness, however, shrink into trivialities when compared 
 
 [12] 
 
Address ok Mh. Cummins, of Iowa 
 
 with his love for humanity and the fixedness of his pur- 
 pose to do something for his fellow men. His great mind 
 surveyed willi intelligence and comprehension the rights 
 and wants of the people, and his hig heart drove him on 
 and on to accomplish something in their Ijehalf. He had 
 a fine instinct of justice, and in attempting to secure it 
 for the multitudes of his country he bore upon his own 
 shoulders the burdens which injustice had imposed upon 
 theirs. During the last two years of his life these burdens 
 seemed to grow heavier and heavier, but he bore them 
 manfully, and from an eloquent advocate of civil right- 
 eousness he was transformed into an impassioned apostle 
 of reform; and in the llaming torch of his zeal he burned 
 out his life as he led the hosts of his country toward 
 higher and better tilings. You will look in vain for a 
 better, brighter example of sacrifice for the general wel- 
 fare and the conmion good, and so long as men value 
 devotion and are grateful to tiieir deliverers liis memory 
 will be enshrined in the affections of mankind. 
 
 Of the personal loss which his death inflicted upon me 
 I must not speak at length. During the two years through 
 which we served together in this body the ties of friend- 
 ship were so strengthened and our association became so 
 close that when he passed away it seemed to me that my 
 own energies were gone. I can say no more. 
 
 But of the loss sustained by that little band, so closely 
 united in the struggles of the two sessions, I may witli 
 propriety give utterance to the special sorrow which fills 
 and overflows their hearts. We shall miss him as we 
 would have missed no other man. His elemental strength 
 was not only our refugi', hut our weapon. His kindUiuss, 
 so pervading and so per.sistent, smoothed every patli and 
 removed every obstacle. We shall not soon look upon 
 his like. 
 
 [13] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Dolliver 
 
 Death has in a brief period taken many of our number, 
 and we mourn to-day not only the brilliant and cour- 
 / ageous Dolliver, but the bold and resolute Clay. He, 
 too, had endeared himself to his associates as few men 
 can. Clear and forcible, he was in the forefront of every 
 important debate. His eye was single for the truth, and 
 where the truth led him he was always willing to follow. 
 Nothing could deter him, nothing swerve him from the 
 utterance of his honest convictions, and the sorrow of 
 the people of Georgia in the death of Senator Clay can 
 only be equaled by the grief which was felt in every home 
 in Iowa when Jonathan P. Dolliver crossed the river to 
 receive the reward which the Ruler of the Universe has 
 ordained for the true and the faithful. 
 
 [14] 
 
Address of Mr. Cullom, of Illinois 
 
 Mr. Prf.sident: As the short session of Congress is 
 drawing to a close, notwithstanding the pressure of pub- 
 lic business, we have hiid aside this afternoon the regular 
 business of the Senate to pay our last tribute of respect 
 and affection to the memory of the dead. Notwithstand- 
 ing the public business, these hours devoted to memorial 
 addresses on the lives and characters of deceased col- 
 leagues are well-spent hours of tribute and respect, which 
 we, who are fortunate enough to be their survivors, 
 should pay those who have gone before. 
 
 It seems to me that there have been a greater number 
 of prominent Senators who have passed away since the 
 close of the last session of Congress than during any 
 similar period since 1 have been a Member of the Senate. 
 
 Senator Daniel, one of the most cultivated men in the 
 Senate; Senator Elkins, one of the most popular men 
 among his colleagues; Senator Clay, an able and fearless 
 Senator; Senator McEncr\% noted for his independence; 
 Senator Huglus, although here but a short time, noted 
 for his ability as a lawyer — all have passed to the beyond 
 since our last session closed. The death of Senator 
 DoLLivER, however, came as more of a shock to me than 
 the death of any Senator in recent years. It was one of 
 the most forcible reminders that we have had of the 
 uncertainty of life. When 1 saw him last he was full of 
 life, vigor, and virile manhood. With liis powerful 
 physi<iue, just at the prime of life, when he had the 
 most to live for, assured of a l)rilliant future, he was tiie 
 
 [15] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 last man in the Senate that one would associate with the 
 thought of death. 
 
 I first knew him as a Member of the House of Repre- 
 sentatives. I became more or less intimately acquainted 
 with him soon after he entered the House by frequently 
 meeting him in the committee room of the late Senator 
 Allison. Senator Dolliver, I believe, was a protege of 
 the late Senator Allison, who was one of the most inti- 
 mate friends with whom I ever served in either House, 
 and one of the most popular and agreeable men of his 
 time in Congress. Senators who were here at the time 
 will remember how much Senator Allison thought of 
 Senator Dolliver, how delighted he was to hear him 
 speak in this Chamber, and how proud he seemed to 
 be of him. 
 
 I remember when Senator Dolliver was first appointed 
 as a Member of the Senate. He then had a national 
 reputation as an orator. He advised with Allison and 
 me as to making speeches in the Senate. Having the 
 old-fashioned traditions of the Senate in mind, we told 
 hiiu tliat it would be better if he made no speeches here 
 for a year, and as I recollect it now he did not make a 
 speech in the Senate during his first year of service. 
 
 He had a most interesting and honorable career. Born 
 in the mountain district of West Virginia, then a part of 
 the State of Virginia, the son of a clergj'inan of honest but 
 humble New England ancestrj-, after receiving a liberal 
 education at the University of West Virginia he left his 
 native State and took up his residence in a small town in 
 my State, Sandwich, 111., and tauglit a school in that vil- 
 lage. Teacliing a school was not sunicicnt to satisfy the 
 ambition of tlie young man, and he entered upon the 
 study of the law, was admitted to the bar, and settled in 
 Fort Dodge, Iowa, where he lived the balance of his life 
 and where he died. He had the usual struggle, I suppose, 
 
 [16] 
 
Ai)i)iu:ss 01 Mit. C.iLLOM, of Illinois 
 
 that all young lawyers had in western towns, and which 
 I myself had when 1 commenced the practice of the law 
 in Springfield, 111. He never became a great lawyer, as 
 we understand that term here now, but he did become a 
 great orator. Although horn in a Democratic State, he 
 was an ardent Republican, and believed in the principles 
 and policies of his party. It was not strange, considering 
 his ability, that he soon became prominent in national 
 campaigns. I would not consider jt an exaggeration to 
 say that at the time of his death he was among the three 
 or four most eloquent campaign speakers in America. 
 
 At the age of 31, in 1888, he became a Member of Con- 
 gress, and continued as such until his death. In 1900 he 
 succeeded my friend the late Senator Gear, one of the 
 pioneer statesmen of the West, as a Member of this Sen- 
 ate. His service as a Member of Congress was long and 
 distinguislK<l. He was a prominent member of the Com- 
 mittee on Ways and Means of the House and was one of 
 the framers and supporters of the Dingley law. He was 
 then an advocate of a high protective tariiV. It was not, 
 however, his prominence as a Member of the House that : 
 resulted in his elevation to the Senate. It was his promi- 
 nence as a candidate for Vice President in 1900 that in- 
 duced Gov. Siiaw to appoint him to succeed Senator Gear, 
 and finally resulted in iiis election for a full term by the 
 Legislature of Iowa. I have often thought of the strange- 
 ness of destiny when I think of the life of tlie Senator we 
 are eulogizing this afternoon. Is it true, after all, that 
 there is some great overruling Providence which guides 
 tiie destinies of nations and men.' Singular it is that the 
 two men in this countrj- who came nearest to the Presi- 
 dency and who did not succeed were Allison and Dolli- 
 VER. Allison was the logical noiiiiiiee in the Chicago 
 Republican convention in 1888, and was defeated on ac- 
 count of the eastern oppo.sition to the agrarian element. 
 
 93227'— 11 2 [17] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 and Dolliver would have been our candidate for Vice 
 President in 1900 and would have succeeded McKinley, 
 and probably would have been the regular nominee in 
 1904, had not Senator Piatt, for reasons of his own, forced 
 the nomination of Theodore Roosevelt. It seemed to be 
 predestined that Theodore Roosevelt should become Presi- 
 dent of the United States and one of the great characters 
 of his day and that Mr. Dolliver should enter the Senate. 
 
 His reputation was probably made as a Member of the 
 House. An honorable, able, dignified Senator he was, 
 but oratory is not appreciated here as it is in the House. 
 An ambitious man would have a much better chance of 
 reaching the Presidency from the House, from the gov- 
 ernorship of a great State, or even from private life, than 
 he would have from the Senate. It is true that Harrison 
 was elected from the Senate and that Garfield was a 
 Senator-elect, but Harrison's nomination came about 
 from a combination of circumstances needless for me to 
 relate here, and Garfield's reputation as a Member of 
 tlie House and an orator brought about his nomination 
 in Chicago. Tliinking of Garfield reminds me that there 
 was much resemblance between Garfield and Dolliver. 
 If I were to compare Dolliver with any American states- 
 man, I would say that he more nearly resembled Garfield 
 than he did any statesman of my time, although he 
 had far more wit, combined with eloquence, tiian did 
 Garfield. 
 
 Oratory is a gift of nature. The Senator from Iowa 
 possessed that gift in a marked degree, but added to that 
 he was a prodigious worker. When I first knew him I 
 thought he was inclined to be indolent and that his 
 speeches came from his wit and his marvelous command 
 of language, but I later learned that the ideas, the 
 thought, the arrangement, the form, and style were the 
 result of the hardest kind of work, and that he never 
 
 [18] 
 
Ai]i)iu:ss oi' Mh. ("ri.i.iiM, tn Illinois 
 
 attempted to speak witliout preparation and prepared 
 his speeches with the greatest care. 
 
 He changed his position radically on the tarilT and 
 otlier legislation after he entered this hody, and espe- 
 cially after the death of the late Senator Allison. I have 
 always been what might be termed an old-line Repub- 
 lican and have always siijjportcd the policies of my party. 
 Senator Dolliver seemed to have the same view until 
 the time of the consideration and passage of the Payne 
 Tariff" Act. While we differed on that legislation and he 
 became what we term now an Insurgent or Progressive, 
 yet we remained warm personal friends. We were 
 neighbors. I liked and admired him and had no less 
 respect and liking for him when he joined the opposition 
 to the Payne Act. 1 realized that he was following what 
 then seemed to be the sentiment of the people of Iowa. 
 I do not consider it a disparagement of him to say that 
 he was not a leader. He watched to see the sentiment of 
 his people, just as McKinley, Blaine, and other popular 
 American statesmen did, and when he thought he knew 
 their real sentiment he followed them. 
 
 Every successful public man must generally follow 
 public sentiment, at least to a certain degree, if he expects 
 to remain in public life. 
 
 Mr. President, I pay this tribute of love and reverence 
 to the memorj' of one whom 1 for years regarded as a 
 devoted friend and in whose death the Nation lost one of 
 its most brilliant and patriotic statesmen. 
 
 [19] 
 
Address of Mr. Tillman, of South Carolina 
 
 Mr. President: I have not the strengtli — I do not feel 
 able to say much on this occasion. It is a sad one for all 
 of us, and peculiarly sad to me, for since 1 was borne 
 from this city last March, to all intents and purposes 
 and the expectations of myself and my friend.s, a dead 
 man, or one who would never return, and then find that 
 1 am here still, 1 feel the transitory nature of human life. 
 We are as shadows who pursue one another, and soon 
 there is an end. 
 
 The paths of glory lead but to the grave. 
 
 The high places we have achieved here are but a step 
 to the last resting place. All this I feel very deeply. 
 But I would be unjust — recreant to myself — if 1 did not 
 try to put a tlower on each of these newly made graves. 
 
 Since 1 went away death has cut a wide swath in the 
 Senate. Six of our fellows have taken that journey — 
 
 From whose bourn no traveler returns. 
 
 1 feel death is even now peeping at us around this 
 Chamber somewhere and selecting the next to summon. 
 
 I loved these two men. They were worlliy of my love. 
 They were worthy of the admiration that we all felt for 
 them. No two Senators wiio have ever been here have 
 been more faitliful to duty or endeavored more thor- 
 oughly and comi)lelely to discharge it as they understood 
 it. I say that not because I want to pay tliem a compli- 
 
 [20] 
 
Ai)i)i(i:ss (ti Mh. Til. I. max, oi- Soitii Cahoi.ina 
 
 mciit. Such is not my purpose. I simply want to tell 
 the truth. 
 
 DoLLivER, as wo all called him, was a great man. Great 
 men are plentiful in this eountiy, hut not as great as 
 DoLLivER. Good men are plentiful in this country, hut 
 not as good as Clay. They both have left us, and wc 
 know not how soon our own time may come. I feel that 
 with especial force. But — but, I can not go on, Mr. 
 President. I liave tlioughts, hut the words will not come. 
 So I will sit down. 
 
 [21] 
 
Address of Mr. Beveridge, of Indiana 
 
 Mr. President: What can I say of Jonathan Dolliver? 
 What tribute can any man pay to this great soldier of 
 the common good which the grateful heart of a mighty 
 Nation has not already paid more abundantly? 
 
 And why has a whole people with uncovered heads laid 
 upon the grave of Jonathan Dolliver that tribute of 
 mingled grief and gratitude which they seldom give to 
 any man and reserve only for their rare beloved who 
 have fought and fallen in the people's service? 
 
 It is not because of his brilliant abilities, whose splen- 
 dor has so often illuminated this Chamber and reached 
 beyond its walls to the contines of the Republic. It is 
 not because his great-heartcdness claimed the aflection 
 of all who came witiiin the radiance of its charm. It 
 is not because his kindly humor threw over all he said 
 and did a mellow geniality more compelling than those 
 sterner and more acrid methods which many powerful 
 men employ. 
 
 No! The American people have enshrined Jonathan 
 Dolliver in the temple of their regard because he gave, 
 to the uttermost, all his noble and peculiar powers in the 
 service of his countrymen, and, witli an abandonment 
 of devotion to their cause, threw the elemental force of 
 his extraordinary gifts against the people's enemies. 
 
 For Jonathan Dolliver gave himself, a living sacrifice, 
 to the cause of human a<lvance as nuicli as Winkelreid 
 in his Swiss mountains or Warren at Bunker Hill. He 
 
 [22] 
 
Ai)i)iu:ss or Mr. l}i:vi;mu(ii:, oi' Indiana 
 
 fell in battle lor the people as surely and as really as 
 any uniformed soldier ever fell stricken on the field of 
 armed conflict. 
 
 While from the beginning his career was notable, it 
 was tlie last two years of his life that gave Jonathan 
 DoLLivER his exalted place in the esteem of the masses 
 of his fellow citizens from ocean to ocean. 
 
 It was during these last two years that the personal 
 relations of Senator Dolliver and myself grew to an 
 intimacy of friendship which was and is one of the most 
 uplifting and strengthening intluences of my life, as it is 
 and always will be one of the fondest and most cherished 
 memories which I shall carry to life's end. 
 
 During these two years there was scarcely a day that 
 we did not spend an hour or more together. Seldom did 
 an evening pass tliat we did not meet at his home or mine 
 for a little period of companionsliip and talk. Almost 
 every day we walked from our neighboring homes to the 
 Senate and back again in the evening. 
 
 A remark of Senator Doli.iver's on one of these morn- 
 ing walks threw a flashlight upon that flowering out of 
 his genius during this period which engaged the attention 
 of all of us here, of the country at large, and indeed of 
 the English-speaking world. 
 
 Wc had stopped while Dolliver talked a few minutes 
 with an old gray-haired negro. It was his custom to do 
 just such human things. As we continued our walk I 
 said to him: 
 
 The country always recognized your intellect and eloquence, 
 but the country did not give you its confidence in the same degree 
 that it gave you its admiration. You Iiavi- Krown more in the 
 last 12 months in the people's trust and faith than during your 
 whole public life. 
 
 [23] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Doli.iver 
 
 DoLLivER stopped, and, taking oflf his hat, passed his 
 hand over his hrow in that characteristic gesture all of 
 us so well remember, and said: 
 
 Yes; I think that is so. And why is it so? It is because for 
 the first time in my life I have determined to be intellectually 
 free. That old, gray-haired negro to whom we were talking a 
 moment ago was not so much emancipated physically 50 years 
 ago as I have been emancipated intellectually within the last year 
 and a half. 
 
 He had determined to be free. So, like another Sam- 
 son, he broke the withes that bound liis mind and heart 
 and stood forth an unshackled giant, acknowledging no 
 master but truth and his conscience. 
 
 The full meaning of this is best set forth in his career. 
 A strange accident gave me the opportunity of hearing 
 Jonathan Dolliver's first notable public speech — a speech 
 whose every word was so tipped with tlie fire of genius 
 tliat in a day it made liim a notable figure in contempo- 
 raneous American politics. 
 
 This speech was delivered as chairman of the Repub- 
 lican Slate Convention of Iowa in 1881. I was then a 
 college student and was spending my junior vacation in 
 Des Moines, Iowa, at the head of a large number of other 
 students who were selling books in that State. I went 
 to that convention, and standing on the outskirts of the 
 crowd, which occupied eveiy inch of space back of where 
 the delegates were seated, listened in wonder to this 
 amazing address. 
 
 After that speech of course it was inevitable that 
 DoLLivER should enter national public life. Those were 
 the daj's of an intense and bigoted partisanship, inherited 
 from the passions which the Civil War set flaming. Also, 
 real and vital issues divided the American people into 
 hostile political camps of opposing convictions which 
 
 [24] 
 
Addhkss or ]\Ir. REVF.Rinr.E, of Inotana 
 
 were as sincerely genuine as they were clearly marked. 
 The period had not yet come when these fundamental 
 issues had been settled. Partisanship was then a living 
 [hint', roprosonting crAstallized opinion based on reason, 
 altiiough superheated by the feelings of our fratricidal 
 conflict. 
 
 So it was natural and inevitable that Jonathan Dol- 
 LivER, like all the rest of us, should be ultrapartisan. 
 And like the rest of us, when those conditions passed 
 away, when new and real issues had risen and in their 
 turn been settled, and when no genuine issues longer 
 separated thinking and patriotic citizens, the thrall of 
 partisanship still chained him, as it did all of us, to party 
 name and party organization. 
 
 But, as always has been and will be the case, when the 
 real issues that create or continue parties have passed 
 away, instead of the organization remaining the instru- 
 ment of the party and the party name the political desig- 
 nation of citizens who belong to it, parties tend to become 
 the servants of party organizations and party names an 
 influence to compel the millions of party voters to accept 
 anything that so-called party managers might decide on, 
 no matter whether right or wrong. 
 
 Instead of the millions of voters who make up the party 
 issuing their orders to party managers, it comes about 
 that the latter issue their orders to the millions of voters 
 who make up the party. 
 
 Thus the curious result occurs of measures being 
 passed bearing bipartisan complexion, while, strangely 
 enough, at the very time party managers sliout more 
 loudly than ever obsolete party catch words, demand 
 uncjuestioning party regularily — meaning obedience to 
 tlie ukase of self-appointed parly managers instead of 
 obedience to the desires and needs of millions of voters. 
 
 [25] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliveh 
 
 with conscience alert, reason vigorous, and facts estab- 
 lished. 
 
 To this more and more grudgingly Jonathan Dolliver 
 yielded his assent, with ever-increasing reluctance. 
 Finally the time came when he could yield to it no 
 longer. 
 
 He felt that this tendency inevitably must result to 
 the injurj' of the people and to the inijjairment of parties. 
 Ultimately came a crisis when with all the force of his 
 powerful nature he believed that injury actually was be- 
 ing worked to the people under these conditions. 
 
 And so he felt it his duty to return himself and bring 
 all men with him back to the true theory' of political 
 parties, which is that political parties are the millions of 
 voters who compose them, and that the supreme court of 
 party policy sits at the firesides of the Nation. 
 
 Tills meant, of course, the service of the whole people 
 in its purest form. It meant that a political party ought 
 to gather its strength solely from things it does for the 
 welfare of the millions. 
 
 This position, of course, was as old as the theory of 
 free government, yet as new as the fresh necessities of 
 the people which each day's rising sun looks down upon. 
 In a different forum Jonathan Dolliver therefore stood 
 for the same fundamental tilings lor which Washington 
 fouglit from White Plains to Yorktown, and for which 
 Lincoln planned and labored for four heroic and im- 
 mortal years. 
 
 This outburst of a conviction on Doi.liver's part sur- 
 prised many. It resembled the fierce temper of the 
 Scotch Covenanters, the militant resolve of Cromwell's 
 Ironsides. It was as remorseless as a storm, yet steady 
 as the Gulf Stream. Always, to the very end, it blazed 
 with increasing brightness and power as of the sun rising 
 to its zenith. And, indeed, it was at its zenith that that 
 
 [26] 
 
Ai)i)Hi:ss 01 Mr. Beveridge, of Indiana 
 
 great light went out — went out so far as his pliysical per- 
 sonality, living brain, and throbbing heart projected it, 
 but not in its influence over this great people. 
 
 And yet it was not strange that at the period which 
 God had appointed there awoke in Jon.\than Dolliver's 
 soul the spirit of his West Virginia mountaineer, circuit- 
 riding, abolitionist, preacher iather. Blood tells, and the 
 blood of a hero and martyr flowed in the veins of Jona- 
 than DoLLivER unsuspected by those who gauged his 
 character from his gift of wit and almost boyish love of 
 fun. But tlie hero-martyr blood was there. 
 
 Had he lived in the fifties he would have been another 
 Wendell Phillips, only more human and therefore more 
 powerful. Had lie lived in pre-Bevolutionary times, he 
 would have been another Patrick Henry, only broader 
 minded, more kindly, and therefore more influential. 
 Had he been an Kiiglislnnau at the time of Lord North, 
 he would have been another Burke, only more pointed, 
 more pungent, and therefore more effective. Had he 
 been a Frenchman in the period of France's epochal up- 
 heaval, he would have been anotlier Mirabeau, only with 
 a greater blood sympathy with the common people from 
 whom he sprang, and tlierefore with a wider potentiality 
 for good. 
 
 I think that all who knew or heard Doi.liver will admit 
 that these comparisons are not extravagant. For, when 
 he died, lie was beyond any possible doubt the greatest 
 orator in the contemporaneous English-speaking world. 
 In tlie compelling art of oratory which has swayed the 
 hearts of men and influenced the destinies of people from 
 the beginning of time until now, and which grows more 
 eflective as the intelligence of those addressed increases, 
 nature made Jonathan Dolliver a master; and to the 
 mastery of tills art which nature gave liiiii he added the 
 finished technique of decades of cultivation. 
 
 [27] 
 
Memorial Addkesses: Senator Dolliveh 
 
 And so with these endowments lie answered the high 
 call which had come to other gifted men in like periods 
 of human history. He put his hand upon the shoulder 
 of his country, which he believed was being lulled into a 
 neglect of its own interests, and rousing it from this 
 creeping lethargy turned its comprehending eyes once 
 more to the sacred fires burning on the altar of those 
 ideals which established the Republic and which alone 
 can preserve it. 
 
 1 said that he fell in battle for the people as truly as 
 any soldier ever killed upon the fields of war. His family 
 and close friends feared what they now sadly but proudly 
 know, that his extraordinary output of mental and physi- 
 cal energj- in the people's cause during those last two 
 years hastened his untimely death. But for tliat he 
 might have lived for many years. 
 
 The work he did during the tariff session drew heavily 
 on his physical powers. Many times during tiiat historic 
 session Jonathan Dolliver worked all night and then 
 next day debated through long, exhausting hours. And 
 during the months that followed, when he should have 
 been replenishing his physical resources, he was com- 
 pelled to give out more and more from the already 
 diminished reservoirs of his power. 
 
 Who that heard it ever will forget his last speech in 
 this body shortly before adjournment at the last session? 
 He spoke as one inspired. He laid down fundamental 
 principles of statesmanship and public conduct. There 
 are parts of that speech which can be compared only to 
 Edmund Rurke's immortal address to the electors of 
 Bristol. Rut it is needless to recount ritlur to his col- 
 leagues here or to his countrymen the details of tiiose last 
 two years of righteous effort and of enduring glory. The 
 Senate and the countr\' know them. 
 
 [28] 
 
AuDHEss OK Mh. Bi:vi:iui)OE, 01 Indiana 
 
 Jonathan Dollivek in llu- flesh is gone from us; but 
 with us and with the whole American people abides his 
 spirit. Before us and before our successors will stand 
 liis inspiring example. Not so much do we do a duty 
 to-day in celebrating tlic memory of a great statesman 
 as we exercise a proud privilege in paying tribute to our 
 personal friend and brother and to the people's fearless, 
 resistless soldier of their conmion good. 
 
 r29i 
 
Address of Mr. Clapp, of Minnesota 
 
 Mr. President : In paying my feeble but heartfelt tribute 
 to the memory of Jonathan P. Dolliver, it seems to me 
 it is a plain duty resting upon me to place in the records 
 of this body his concept of that impending struggle at the 
 threshold of which he fell, and wherein he displayed such 
 splendid courage and resplendent abilities. He realized, 
 as every student of the great forces which make for his- 
 tory must realize, that in the evolution of free govern- 
 ment there are bound to be two great decisive struggles, 
 linked together in the indissoluble chain of sequence. 
 
 The first of these struggles was, of course, that one 
 which finally found fruition in the establishment of free 
 government. No one can study the character of tliat 
 spirit of power and dominion which sought to block at 
 every step man's progress toward free government, which 
 sullenly retreated, step by step, before the advance of 
 human progress, without realizing that that same spirit 
 of power and dominion would attempt to regain, in a 
 measure, in its control of the spirit of free institutions 
 the political power which it had lost in their establish- 
 ment. The long story of oppression written on the page 
 of history by this spirit of power and dominion betrays a 
 character loth to yield. On the ather hand, no one can 
 study the character of that spirit which inspired man in 
 his long, toilsome journey to the goal of free government, 
 that spirit of sacrifice which sustained him in the struggle, 
 without realizing that it will be slow- to yield in the spirit 
 of free institutions that which it seemed to gain in their 
 establishment. In other words, he realized that we stand 
 face to face with the question, more plainly stated, of 
 
 [30] 
 
Addhf.ss of Mr. Ci.app, of Minnesota 
 
 whether that spirit of dominion and power within the 
 peaceful sphere of industrial and commercial life, recast 
 to meet that sphere as a spirit of commercialism, should 
 dominate the spirit of institution, or whether free govern- 
 ment, regulating and controlling that spirit as a develop- 
 ing force in its industrial and commercial life, should 
 make that spirit and force the servant of free govern- 
 ment instead of its master. 
 
 Senator Dolliver saw this impending struggle with a I 
 clear vision. He could see it cast its portentous shadow/ 
 across the pathway of American progress. I have thus! 
 briefly and imperfectly outlined what, had he lived, 
 would some day have been the theme of a presentation 
 at his hands, which, recognizing his marvelous powers 
 and his keen concept of the subject, would have ranked 
 as one of the world's great orations. 
 
 I now turn to his relations to tiiis struggle, which rela- 
 tion was, by his untimely death, terminated at its very 
 threshold. Possessed of rare and unusual powers as an 
 orator, of genial personality, of a broad grasp of funda- 
 mental principles, of an earnest lojalty to what he recog- 
 nized as the instrumentality in the solution of public 
 questions, he early became prominently and closely 
 identified with the party which, from his standpoint, 
 most strongly appealed to him. Ilis service to his party 
 in the advocacy of its claim to popular a|)proval, as well 
 as his participation in molding its policies, coupled with 
 a personality tiuit drew men to him and thx-w him to 
 men, brought him in close association witli tliat some- 
 what vague and undefined but generally recognized force 
 called party leadership. By nature a champion of the 
 cause of the people, he threw himself into his work with 
 ardor and enthusiasm. He was a great potentiality in 
 that series of legislative policies whieli from U)01 to 1909 
 left those years historical in the evolution of tiie effort 
 
 [31] 
 
Memoiual Addrksses : Senator Dolliver 
 
 of Ihc American people, by regulation and control, to 
 subordinate coniniercialisni to the common interest. 
 During those years he rejoiced in what he felt to he not 
 only the triumph of his party, but the triumph of the 
 cause of free government, and found pleasure in the 
 association in which this work was being done. 
 
 Less than two years before his death he discovered 
 what at first seemed to be an abatement of enthusiasm 
 on the part of some with whom he had been associated 
 in the great work of establishing the masterj' of this 
 Government over every agency which develops under its 
 protection. This was something of a shock to him, but 
 slowly and irresistibly the truth was forced into his 
 consciousness that not onlj' was there an abatement of 
 that purpose for which he and those with whom he had 
 been associated had labored, but that the spirit of com- 
 mercialism had resolved to wrest from the people all 
 that it could of what the people had won in the pre- 
 ceding years. He realized that he now stood at a point 
 where he must abandon that for which he had labored 
 or be abandoned by many of those with whom he had 
 labored. Shocked as he was at the discovcrj' of this 
 condition, he never hesitated for a moment as to which 
 alternative he would choose. He had been a potentiality 
 in what had seemed to be the triumph of the real spirit 
 of free government, which, in its last analysis, if it is to 
 be free government, must hold in control and regulation 
 the great forces which energy and ambition develop 
 under its fostering care, because he had thoroughly 
 believed in that; and, when this alternative presented 
 itself, without a moment's hesitation he pressed forward 
 with renewed vigor. 
 
 At this point it seemed to many, who had not known 
 of his earnest purpose and deep sympathy with the cause 
 of industrial freedom, that there came an awakening, 
 
 [32] 
 
Addhess ui Mh. Ci.Ari', ui" Mi.\M;s()rA 
 
 bul it was such an awakening as comes to a man who is 
 pressing forward to a given goal and suddenly discovers 
 obstacles which had not before been apparent. There 
 was no change in his purpose, in his concept of duty, 
 except that ho realized, with clearer vision lliau he had 
 ever realized before, the masterful spirit, the inordinate 
 love of power, the dogged insistence never to yield, of 
 that force which is seeking to reestablish in the activities 
 fostered by free government that political dominion 
 which it had lost after centuries of struggle, and realized 
 that the challenge meant his own emancipation. He now 
 realized with keener concept than ever before that there 
 could be no truce until tlie supremacy of free institutions 
 were as firmly established in the peaceful field of their 
 activities as they had been established in that more tem- 
 pestuous field wherein the spirit of liberty had delivered 
 free government from the womb of ages. This, then, 
 was what seemed to be the awakening, and I have given 
 this analysis because some day the historian will record 
 the story of this struggle, and there should be in the rec- 
 ords of this body the statement of one who knew the very 
 deepest heart throbs of the man whose name will be 
 forever associated with the struggle. 
 
 He seemed also to develop new and marvelous powers, 
 yet they, too, were but a part of that reserve force which 
 seemed ever present when putting forth his greatest 
 effort as when engaged in a less important debate. He 
 felt the bitter shafts of ingratitude and his great noble 
 nature felt the pain of the wound, but this no more de- 
 terred him than did the thouglil of sei)aralion, and, clad 
 in the panoply of truth, invulnerable as tliat magic shield 
 which Merlin, the enchanter, wrought, he pressed for- 
 ward like "knight of old;" with generous sympathy, to 
 do battle for the weak; with courageous heart, to meet in 
 battle the strong. 
 
 93227° -11 3 [33] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 At this point Senator Dolliver began to realize that in 
 the impending struggle, if the true spirit of free institu- 
 tions is to prevail, maintain, and master the forces devel- 
 oped under its aegis, that equation of citizenship which 
 we call the composite citizen, in which equation must 
 ever rest the best, the truest, and the broadest recognition 
 of equality, must be brought into more direct relation 
 as a more direct factor in shaping and molding the pol- 
 icies of government. He again realized that it was only 
 in the more direct application of this force that repre- 
 sentative government would be responsive government. 
 
 When he fell in the early dawn of the struggle the 
 people realized that a great champion had been stricken, 
 and with tremulous voice asked when and whence will 
 come his successor. That inquiry remains unanswered. 
 Men combining the great traits which rendered him so 
 conspicuous are rare indeed, and I must digress here 
 for a moment to point out that rarest of all combina- 
 tions, an intuitive grasp of fundamentals and a mastery 
 of details, both which traits he possessed to such a 
 marked degree. They are rarely combined, but when 
 they are combined they produce a great and masterful 
 mind. 
 
 While we may not find his successor, we must remem- 
 ber that " the blood of the martyrs became the seed of 
 the church." Though cast in heroic mold of I)ody as well 
 as mind, his physical strength proved unequal to the task. 
 Worn out and exhausted with his work he fell, and when 
 he was stricken, after that last great effort which was a 
 warning to his countrymen, those for whom he had strug- 
 gled, realizing that he had fallen in their cause, in their 
 grief and sorrow they too awoke to a deeper sense of 
 the impending conflict and to a firmer determination to 
 preserve their industrial and commercial liberties. And 
 so, while we mourn his departure and deplore his loss, 
 
 [34] 
 
Addhkss 01- Mu. (j.Arr, ok MinnI'Scha 
 
 we realize that, like all who have died for a cause, he did 
 not die in vain. 
 
 Back of every picture lies a background, and grand 
 and heroic as is the picture of D()i.i,ivi:n's jjublic life, 
 there is an instructive, glorious, and luminous back- 
 ground, and with reverent hand — for it should never be 
 done but with reverent hand — I part the curtain to con- 
 template what lies mirrored back of his public service. 
 Born of a parentage that gave to him his wonderful 
 mental powers, his broad and intuitive grasp of finuia- 
 mentals, his keen appreciation of the right, all merged 
 into a religious faith simple as that of a child, as real to 
 him as his earthly existence. In his home, despite the de- 
 mands upon his time in his public service, he was not only 
 loved and adored by his children, but he, in turn, loved 
 and adored, and he found companionship in them, and 
 that Saturday night when the news of his death came, 
 amid tiie grief of that hour the thought came to me that 
 the little boy, whom he so loved and idolized, would 
 grow to manhood and hear of his fallier's fame, but 
 could never know that companionship which would have 
 been a joy to both. 
 
 Senator Dolliver, like all truly great men, recognizing 
 that however keen a man's perception of right and wrong 
 might be, a true woman's perception was keener yet, and 
 in his great, generous nature he recognized the woman 
 at his side as an inspiration. Like all truly great men he 
 recognized that however strong of arm and courageous 
 the heart of man, there is a more enduring strength, a 
 more sublime courage, in the nature of a true woman, 
 and, again, in his generous nature, he recognized liis 
 obligations to the woman at his side for tliis a(l(i(<i 
 strength, this greater courage. Small wonder, then, thut 
 a man thus equipped by nature and thus environed 
 should be willing to sacrifice his life in humanity's cause. 
 
 [35] 
 
Address of Mr. La Follette, of Wisconsin 
 
 Mr. President: I saw him first nearly a quarter of a 
 century ago, mounted on a table, addressing the crowd of 
 delegates tliat thronged the head(iuartcrs of a presiden- 
 tial candidate at a national convention. I see his com- 
 manding figure as plainly now as then, and again I hear 
 his animated and stirring appeal, his eloquent periods, 
 his flashing wit. It was young Dolliver, of Iowa, plead- 
 ing with visiting delegates to nominate Allison as the 
 Republican candidate for the Presidency. For several 
 days before the balloting began this remarkable young 
 orator made the Iowa headquarters the center of interest 
 when the convention was not in session. 
 
 That same year he was elected a Member of the Fifty- 
 first Congress and entered upon his brilliant public 
 career. His delightful personality, his rare talents, won 
 him strong friends and high rank at once. 1 was then a 
 Member of the House, and we became friends. At the 
 close of that Congress he was returned to the House. 
 I was defeated, and returned to my State. He came to 
 the Senate, and our waj's lay apart for some 16 years. 
 The difference of environment and experience separated 
 us somewhat in our opinions as to men and measures. 
 Both of us carried our convictions to the public platform, 
 covering the same States and often addressing the same 
 audiences. While each recognized tlio diflerences of 
 those years, our friendship was unbroken, and a brief 
 service here in this body brought us into perfect agree- 
 ment on public questions and knit closer the ties of that 
 friendship which 1 shall cherish while I live. 
 
 [36] 
 
Addrkss <)i Mr. La Foi.i.f.tte, of Wisconsin 
 
 When Senator Dolliver entered public life, and for 
 many years thereafter, party feeling was very strong. 
 Issues, the offshoot of those whieh had riven this country 
 with civil strife, still swayed political conventions and 
 found prominence in political platforms. The life here, 
 to the prejudice of the highest public service, does much 
 to furnish artificial stimulus to party regularity. None 
 of us wholly escape its influence. 
 
 But, sir, as the years unfolded, as evil fostered in i)rivi- 
 lege grew strong and bold, its aggression roused the giant 
 strength reposing in this man of power. He was no 
 longer simply the polished orator, charming with elo- 
 quence and epigram, but a new being in tiie grip of a 
 might}' conviction, armed with the truth, against which 
 organized wrong, unable to stand, broke and fled in 
 consternation. 
 
 Who that heard him in the debates of 1909 and 1910 
 can ever forget? He seemed to have brought back to us 
 something of the greatness of the Senate of other days. 
 The impression upon the country' was scarcely less pro- 
 found. His power was felt in every commercial center 
 and by every fireside in the Nation. His scathing denun- 
 ciation of the "brutal tyranny of great interests" seared 
 like a hot iron those whom he charged with "capitalizing 
 the schedules of our tariffs." His jjrophecy of the "good 
 time coming, when this people siiall so frame their stat- 
 utes as to protect alike the enterprises of the rich and 
 poor in the greatest market place which God has given 
 to His children," strengthened the hope of democracy and 
 the resolution of good nun and women in every' home 
 liiroughout the land. 
 
 The generations had been pre puring him for liis work. 
 By ancestr}', endowment, training, he had been made 
 ready to cliallengi' wrong and oppression. 
 
 [37] 
 
Mkmohial Addressks : Sknator Doli.iver 
 
 It was not alone his eloquence, the purity and rhythm 
 of his diction, the fine touches of vivid imagination, the 
 dazzling play of his ninihlc wit, hut over and above all 
 was the everlasting righteousness of his cause, the appeal 
 for human rights that will not be denied — God's eternal 
 justice, the fundamental law of social life. 
 
 He was cast in a heroic mold — a giant with the ten- 
 derness of a little child. His powerful blows leveled 
 against wrong made him a host in the present struggle 
 for political justice. His was a philosophic spirit. He 
 held no grudges, harbored no animosities. His oppo- 
 nents feared and respected him. His comrades loved 
 him as a brother. 
 
 Anything which we may say here to-day can but im- 
 perfectlj' suggest the beauty and symmetry and power 
 of this remarkable character. When loving hands shall 
 give his addresses and writings to his countiy, they will 
 best portray the life and services of Jon.\than Prentiss 
 
 DOLLFVER. 
 
 He set the mark of his genius upon everything he 
 touched. 
 
 Out of the libraries which have been written on Lincoln, 
 where will be found anything superior to these words, 
 which brought all his hearers cheering to their feet when 
 they fell from the lips of Dolliver: 
 
 Who is this, sitting ail night long on a lounge in the public 
 ofTiccs of the White House, listening, with the comments of a 
 quaint humor, to privates and officers and scared Congressmen 
 and citizens who poured across the Long Bridge from the first 
 battlefield of the rebellion to fell their tale of woe to the only man 
 in Washington who had sense enough left to appreciate it or 
 patience enough left to listen to it? Is it the log-cabin student, 
 learning to read and write by the light of the kitchen fire in the 
 woods of Indiana? It is he. Can it be the adventurous voyager 
 of the Mississippi, who gets ideas of lifting vessels over riffles 
 while he worked his frail craft clear of obstructions in the 
 
 [38] 
 
Addkkss oi Mk. La Foi.i.inTii, ok Wisconsin 
 
 stream, and ideas broad as the free skies, of helping nations out 
 of barbarism as he traced the divine image in tiie faces of meo 
 and women ciiained togetlier, under the hammer, in the slave 
 market at New Orleans? It is he. Can it be the awkward farm 
 liand of tlie Sangamon who covered his bare feet in the fresh dirt 
 whieli iiis i)lo\v had turned up to keep them from getting sun- 
 burned while he sat down at the end of tlie furrow to rest his 
 team and to regale himself with a few more pages of worn vol- 
 umes borrowed from the neighbors'? It is he. Can it be the 
 country lawyer who rode on horseback from county to county 
 with nothing in his saddlebags except a clean shirt and the Code 
 of Illinois, to try his cases and to air his views in llie cheerful 
 company which always gathered about the courthouse? It is he. 
 Is it the daring debater, blazing out for a moment with the mo- 
 mentous warning, "A house divided against itself can not stand," 
 then falling back within the defenses of the Constitution, that the 
 cause of liberty, hindered already by the folly of its friends, 
 might not make itself an outlaw in the land? It is he. Is it the 
 weary traveler who begged the prayers of anxious neighbors as 
 he set out for the last time from home, and talked in language sad 
 and mystical of One who could go with him and remain with 
 them and be everywhere for good? It is he. 
 
 They said he laughed in a weird way that night on the sofa in 
 the public odices of the White House, and they told funny tales 
 about how he looked, and the comic papers of London and New 
 York portrayed him in brutal i)ictures of his big hands; hands 
 that were about to be stretched out to save the civilization of the 
 world; and his overgrown feet; feet that for four torn and bleed- 
 ing years were not to weary in the service of mankind. They 
 said that his clothes did not fit him; that he stretched his long 
 legs in ungainly postures; that he was common and uncouth in 
 his appearance. Some said that this being a l)ackwoodsman was 
 becoming a rather questionable recommendation for a President 
 of the I'niled States; and they recalled with satisfaction the grace 
 of courtly manners brought home from St. James. Little did they 
 dream that the rude cabin yonder on the edge of the hill country 
 of Kentucky was about to be transformed by the tender imagina- 
 tion of the people into a mansion more stately than the White 
 House; more royal than all the palaces of the earth; it did not 
 shelter the childhood of a king, but there is one thing in this 
 world more royal than a king — it is a man. (Extract from ad- 
 
 139] 
 
Memokial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 dress of Hon. Jonathan P. Dolliver, delivered at the annual 
 Lincoln dinner of the Republican Club of the city of New York, 
 Feb. 13, 1905.) 
 
 It is vcn' hard to be reconciled to the loss which the 
 country and the cause of human rights sustained when he 
 was summoned. We can not understand. We can only 
 bow in submission, grateful that God spared him to do 
 the work which rounded out his great career and gave 
 his enduring name to the plain people of America. 
 
 He had climbed to the summit of the mountain. His 
 vision swept the wide horizon. He was ready for the 
 highest service which man can render unto men. 
 
 And then, almost without warning, came tlie mandate: 
 
 Be ye ready; the summons cometh quickly. 
 
 And in the twinkling of an eye the impenetrable shadow 
 fell about him, and he was gone. 
 
 We look for him in vain. We crj' aloud, but death 
 makes no answer to the living. We can not know 
 whether our cry is heard. Baffled, we can only blindly 
 call across the tomb to our beloved companion: Hail, 
 hail, and farewell ! 
 
 [40] 
 
Address of Mr. Gore, of Oklahoma 
 
 Mr. President: I do not rise to pay cither an adequate 
 or a studied culogj- to our late friend, our lamented col- 
 league and associate. I do not rise to lift up a splendid 
 monument to his memory. I come to plant a flower 
 upon iiis grave and to pay a loving tribute to his services 
 and to his character. 
 
 We do honor to ourselves in the observance of this 
 ancient custom of the Senate. Mr. President, even the 
 savages of the wildwood held in affectionate remem- 
 brance those warriors who were loved in life and la- 
 mented in death. How much the more fitting then that 
 we who are heirs to all the ages should commemorate 
 the deeds of those mighty dead whose spirits still rule 
 us from their sacred urn. How much the more fitting 
 that we should connneniorate the services of those who 
 have bequeathed to us a legacy of glory that can not fail 
 so long as public and private virtues are reverenced 
 anujng the sons of men. 
 
 In every time and in every clime the undying dead 
 have risen and have lived again. Some have lived again 
 in the beaten brass and in the sculptured marble. Some 
 have lived again in story and in song. But, sir, these 
 fleeting tributes may pass with their authors to the ob- 
 livious tomb. The beaten brass may buried lie heiiealh 
 the accumulated dust of ages. Even the marble may 
 molder and surrender its epitaph to the untiring tooth 
 of time. .Ml tliese tributes, all tiiese memorials, await 
 alike the inevitable liouf. They pursue those ]):illis that 
 
 [41] 
 
Mii.MORiAL Addresses: Senator Dullivek 
 
 lead but to the grave. The best and the brightest monu- 
 ment which we can dedicate to our friends that are gone, 
 the holiest shrine that wc can consecrate to our departed 
 patriots, must be found in the hearts and in the memories 
 of their countrymen. 
 
 Mr. President, the pyramids still stand, but the names 
 of their royal builders have Iiardly escaped forgetfulness, 
 and are now remembered rather for tlic oppression and 
 the miseries that they wrouglit. Scliolars may dispute 
 as to the tomb of Maiy's Son, but no one will be found to 
 deny the beneficence of His influence and His example. 
 
 The fame and the name of Dolliver are secure. He 
 won his way to the exalted station which he occupied 
 and which he adorned. He was born of unpretentious 
 parents in a modest home in Virginia. The modest 
 American home has ever been and must ever be the 
 nursery of true genius and of true greatness. His oppor- 
 tunities were limited, but his ambition was unconfined; 
 not that "ambition wliich overleaps itself," but, sir, tliat 
 ambition which seeks no other outlet than service and 
 seeks no other reward than merited honor. 
 
 Nature dealt generously with our lamented friend and 
 he was grateful unto lier. She gave Iiini more than ten 
 talents and lie increased his talents more than twofold. 
 He was lioth brilliant and vorsalile; but, sir. he added 
 depth to versatility, and he added weight to brilliancy. 
 By talent and ambition not alone did he succeed. Men 
 have been possessed of both, yet wanting untiring in- 
 dustry', have failed. Men have wanted both, yet pos- 
 sessing an energy- that did not falter, have achieved and 
 have deserved success, rnlallcring elVorl and ungrudg- 
 ing self-sacrifice go far to make up the price of his 
 success. 
 
 The best possession of a free i)eo|)le is their men of 
 high character and unspotted integrity. The best heri- 
 
 [42] 
 
Anniiiss oi Mn. (iniii;, oi ()iv1,\ei(>m\ 
 
 tage of a frco people is the influence and the memory of 
 such men. 
 
 The lesson of Dou.iver's life is this, lluil in his youth 
 the time liad not come, and that tiie time has not yet 
 come, when every gate is harred with gold and opens 
 hut to golden keys. Worth was the key whereby he did 
 advance. We have in this country a democracy of worth 
 instead of an aristocracy of birth. Much of the glory of 
 our institutions, much of the glory of our historj', is due 
 to tile fact tiiat .\mericau society can avail itself of the 
 best talents born beneath our flag. 
 
 Access to opportunity explains much of our history. 
 Whatever glory we may achieve in the future, access 
 to opportunity must in great measure account for its 
 achievement. 
 
 Any system should be unrelentingly resisted that would 
 cheat talent of opportunity or cheat society of talent. 
 
 In the example of Senator Dolliver every youth may 
 see the star of hope, and in his achievements may per- 
 ceive the bow of promise. 
 
 Mr. President, there is one striking resend)lance in the 
 public services of Senator Dolliver to the public services 
 of tlic great Eiigiisli prime minister. Mr. Gladstone 
 began his political career as a high Tory, as a conserva- 
 tive of conservatives. He closed his long and illustrious 
 life as the chosen and acknowicilged leader of the liberal 
 sentiment of the United Kingdom. The liberality of Dt)L- 
 LivER was rational, was temperate, was judicious. He 
 assailed nothing old merely on account of its antiquity; 
 he accepted nothing new merely on account of its novelty. 
 He accepted the good notwithstanding its age, and he 
 likewise accepted the good notwithstanding its youth. 
 
 I believe that no man in .\merican public life had a 
 keener appreciation of the tendency of the times. He 
 looked as deeply as any man into the secret causes which 
 
 [43] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Dolliveh 
 
 are to-day responsible for the currents and countercur- 
 rents that are agitating public life in America. 
 
 I have sometimes thought that while he united ethics 
 to politics, he allowed the moral side to preside and to 
 predominate over political considerations, and I have 
 also thought that during the last session sometimes the 
 shadow of the coming event was falling across his way, 
 and that tlie light of another world was even then break- 
 ing upon his vision. 
 
 DoLLivER loved his fellow men, and he was loved by 
 them in return. He was just. He neither hated nor flat- 
 tered the rich on account of their riches, nor patronized 
 the poor on account of their numbers. He could not be 
 lured from the path of duty by the blandishments of 
 wealth nor driven from that straiglit and narrow way 
 by the mutterings of the mob. Unlike the time server, 
 he did not hover about the heels of progress, nor did he, 
 like the revolutionist, outrun the vanguard of rational 
 reform and of enlightened advancement. He held the 
 scales of justice with even hand. He was both just and 
 generous; but, sir, he deemed it better to be just than to 
 be generous. 
 
 It has been said that republics are ungrateful. 1 have 
 never been willing to own that harsh impeachment. I 
 believe the people are wise to know and generous to re- 
 ward their friends. 1 believe the example of Dolliver 
 demonstrates that the people are willing to render honor 
 where honor is due. In his life and in liis death he en- 
 joyed the affectionate confidence of the American people, 
 and the desponding stafosnian may well look upon his 
 fate and his destiny and be of good cheer. 
 
 Mr. President, if usefulness were a safeguard against 
 the last dread sununons, Dolliver had survived. His 
 country needed his services, the Senate could not spare 
 80 useful a Member; the Republic could not spare so use- 
 
 [44] 
 
Ai)i)iu:ss or Mk. (iom:, (ii Oklahoma 
 
 fill ;i juiblic servant. Progress lost an apostle, freedom 
 lost a friend, liberty lost a lover when Dolliver died. 
 
 He v^'as a champion of the right; he was a challenger of 
 the wrong. No more have we his presence, his eloquence, 
 and his counsel among us; hut we have the hest of all 
 heritages, his influence and his example. I feel sure that 
 his life will const! tu If an example that will prove an 
 inspiration to every youth who to-day is putting on the 
 tender leaves of hope; it will prove at once an assurance 
 and a warning to all those who to-day bear their blushing 
 honors full thick upon them; and his example will prove 
 a consolation to all those who still linger in the sere and 
 yellow leaf. All those who are now in the sunset of 
 life may see in his example those stars that are invisible 
 by day. 
 
 Well. Ml-. President, may we cherish his memorj', for, 
 taking him all in all, we shall loo rarely look upon his 
 like again. 
 
 [45] 
 
Address of Mr. Chamberlain, of Oregon 
 
 Mr. President: When I was honored by being re- 
 quested to saj' a few words on this occasion I hesitated 
 to accept the invitation because I felt that there were 
 those of my colleagues in this Chamber who, from a 
 more intimate acquaintance with the late Senator Jona- 
 than P. DoLLivER and from long association with him, 
 both socially and politically, were better qualified than 
 I to speak of his many excellent qualities of head and 
 heart. But knowing him slightly, as compared with 
 others here, 1 had learned to love and admire him, and, 
 yielding to none in my veneration to his memory, I did not 
 feel that 1 could with propriety decline to say a few words 
 in commemoration of his distinguished services to his 
 countrj' in whatever capacity he was called upon to act. 
 
 My acquaintance with him began during the presi- 
 dential campaign in 1904, and after that 1 saw much of 
 him, particularly during my service in this body and as 
 a member of the Committee on Agriculture and Forestr\% 
 of which he was chairman. Here I came into intimate 
 touch with him socially and officially and had many 
 opportunities to observe his methods of getting at the 
 merit of things affecting the public. He was one of the 
 most remarkable men from everj- point of view it has 
 ever been my pleasure to meet, and I have sometimes 
 wondered where he found opportunity, in the multitude 
 of his official as well as private engagements, to make of 
 his mind such a storehouse for all the learning tliat goes 
 to make the polished orator and the finished statesman. 
 
 That he was an orator with few, if any, equals in this 
 day and generation, is recognized throughout the length 
 
 [46] 
 
.\i)inti;ss 01 Mn. C.ii \Mui;i(i.AiN, of Ohi-.con 
 
 and breadth of the hind. Whenever and wherever lie 
 arose to address an audience, whether on the rostrum or 
 in a kgishitive body, he was sure to command the 
 respectful and undivided attention of his audience; and 
 it was the subject of general remark among us here that 
 he was one of the veiy few members of the Senate who 
 was always able to command the attention both of his 
 colleagues and of the galleries, and this whether those 
 who listened to him agreed with him or radically and 
 essentially difl'ered from him in the opinions he held 
 and in the views he expressed. The previous announce- 
 ment that Senator Dolliver was to address the Senate 
 at a given time, upon any subject, was sure to bring 
 around him his colleagues and insure him the respectful 
 attention of all who heard him. 
 
 Not only was he an orator, but his strongest political 
 opponents freely accord to him the elements of the high- 
 est statesmanship. In the earlier days of his public 
 career 1 think it may be truly said that he was rather of 
 the conservative type of statesman, sometimes follow- 
 ing — as I have heard him say — those who had been 
 designated as the leaders of his party even into paths 
 where ids better judgment disapproved; but in later years 
 he showed a spirit of independence, which not only 
 placed him in opposition to those with whom he had been 
 wont to work in harmony, but placed him in the front 
 rank of the leaders of a progressive Hcpuljlicanism. 
 Knowing him as I did, I am unwilling to believe the sug- 
 gestion that has sometimes been made against him, as it 
 has been made against other strong pn)gressive leaders 
 of his party, that he and they were actuated rather by a 
 desire to win the plaudits of the mullilude than to voice 
 the sentiments wliieli cainc fioin the ijiomptings of the 
 heart and conscience. On the contrary, 1 am satisfied 
 that as lie grew older and his line of vision extended lie 
 
 [47] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Doleiver 
 
 felt more independent, and, realizing his ability, grew 
 restive under the restraints of partisan leadership. 
 Shortly before the last address he delivered in this dis- 
 tinguished body he told me that he felt more independent 
 than he had in the earlier days of his public career, and 
 was sure that in the exercise of that independence which 
 he intended shoidd characterize his future conduct he 
 could serve his country best and surely better satisfy his 
 own conscience. 
 
 Yet notwithstanding this I am satisfied that in measura- 
 bly separating himself from those with whom he had 
 been wont to work in perfect harmony he experienced 
 that regret which all good men naturally experience when 
 there comes a parting of the ways for those who for a 
 lifetime have served side by side, burj'ing differences 
 which were nonessential for the purpose of united action 
 on those things which were essential from the party 
 standpoint. As evidence of this I have but to call atten- 
 tion to that last splendid address delivered by him on the 
 floor of this Senate. His motives had been impugned by 
 a portion of his party press and by some of his old asso- 
 ciates because lie had allied himself with the progressive 
 element of liis parly. 1 Uioughl that there was a tone of 
 sorrow in his voice as he dwelt upon the sundering of the 
 older ties, but he nevertheless fearlessly outlined his 
 policy and purposes and masterfully analyzed his own 
 position and that of those who had criticized him so 
 severely. 
 
 When— 
 
 He exclaimed — 
 
 it is said lliul I betray my parly, lliat I fight against the Repub- 
 lican Party, I deny it. I li.yhl for tlic Hcpublican Party and 
 propose, with millions of other people, to do what I can to make 
 
 [48] 
 
AnnHEss or Mr. Chamberlain, of Orkgon 
 
 it more than ivtr the servant of tlic gnat constilueiicy which it 
 has represented for so many years. 
 
 I am aware that when one sits down to count the cost of such a 
 struggle as I have outlined, he ought to take into consideration the 
 fact that his motives are likely to he misconstrued; his purposes, 
 however pure they may be, are likely to he disparaged; but such 
 things as those have never injured anybody's standing in society, 
 unless they were acquiesced in by those who were most concerned. 
 
 And, again, in speaking of his differences with the dis- 
 tinguished President of the United States, he said: 
 
 When he was mentioned as a candidate for the Presidency, I 
 did what I could in my own State and everywhere else to promote 
 his ambition. When he was nominated, T gave up my time, far 
 past the limit of my strength, in presenting his case before the 
 American people from one ocean to the other. When he entered 
 this Chamber to take the oath of ofTice, and the multitude arose 
 with bowed head, every thought went out of my head, every senti- 
 ment out of my heart, except that the new President might be 
 endued with power from on high to grapple with the corrupt 
 influences that stood ready to recapture the strongholds of this 
 Government, and that he might succeed, even where strong men 
 had failed, in protecting this market place against the conspiracies 
 of greed and avarice which have attempted to enslave it. 
 
 I have known some of the vicissitudes of life, some of the ups 
 and downs of politics, some of the hardship as well as the good 
 fortune of this world, but I never dreamed that within less than 
 a year I should feel compelled to stand here and for the mis- 
 demeanor of taking the President's campaign speeches seriously, 
 and for the still higher crime of regarding the platform of the 
 Republican Party as a binding moral obligation, be called on to 
 defend myself and the little group of men, who stood together as 
 it v^■as given them to see the right, against the charge of treason 
 and disloyalty to the party which tiny have loved and served all 
 the days of their lives. 
 
 I quote this. Mr. President, because I felt when he was 
 delivering it tliat there was a tone of sorrow in his voice, 
 which no one could appreciate who did not hear hini at 
 the time. 
 
 93227'— 11- 
 
 [49] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 During all the debates of the last Congress there was no 
 more masterful analysis from his viewpoint of the tariff 
 measure that had been previously enacted into law than 
 this last address of the distinguished gentleman who was 
 so soon to answer the call of the white-winged messenger 
 of death, and whose memon*' we arc now here to honor, 
 filled as it is with pathos, with hard, cold facts and figures, 
 and with inimitable humor. At times he soared to heights 
 of eloquence, and by a sudden anticlimax indulged in 
 a humor, with a characteristic smile and gesture that 
 brought a smile to everj' face, and as suddenly branched 
 off into a brilliant peroration that compelled the admiring 
 applause of all who heard him. 
 
 Senator Dolliver was indeed a most remarkable type 
 of man. Born, as he was, amid the mountains of Vir- 
 ginia, I have often wondered if this early environment 
 did not have much to do with the development of his 
 character and of his mind, which had so much of poetry 
 and pathos and yet of manly strength in it. He was wont 
 often to speak of this environment and of the rugged 
 mountains that as a youth he daily looked out upon, and 
 many of the word pictures painted by him could only 
 have found inspiration in the snowcapped peaks and 
 rugged ranges that he learned to know and to love as a 
 child. He always spoke with veneration of tiie old State 
 of his birth, and most loyally loved that of his adoption. 
 He loved his party and revered the memory of the fathers 
 of the Republic, and on the occasion of his last address, to 
 which 1 have referred, he said: 
 
 I was born in the Republican Party, down among the loyal 
 mountains of Virginia. I lliink I know what the articles of its 
 faith are. From my youth I have pored over the pages of its 
 history and found inspiration in all of its high traditions. I have 
 followed its great leaders and souglit direction in the wisdom of 
 their counsel. We have sometimes lived in very humble houses, 
 
 [50] 
 
Ai)i)iti:ss oi- Mh. CiiAMi!i;iu.AiN, oi Oid^iiox 
 
 but wc have never lived in a house so small that llu-re was not 
 room on its walls for the pictures of the mighty men who in other 
 generations led it to victory; and now my own children are 
 coining to years and are looking upon the same benignant, kindly 
 faces as 1 teach them to repeat the story of our heroic age and to 
 recite all the blessed legends of patriotism and liberty. 
 
 Senator Doli.iver was of a strong rtligious tempera- 
 ment, and I have heard liim speak of the wholesome 
 instruction he received from a pious father and mother; 
 not rcHgious in the narrow Puritan sense of the word, 
 because he did not believe it was necessary to go through 
 the world with a long face, closing his lieart and con- 
 science to the lighter things which tend to relieve the 
 monotony of life or avoiding the contests in which it is 
 necessarj- for everj- useful citizen to engage. In an ad- 
 dress delivered by him on the occasion of the unveiling 
 of a statue to Gov. Francis Harrison Pierpont, a little 
 more than a year ago, he defined a great man as one — 
 
 who fears God, keeps His Commandments, and with an ordinary 
 good sense has the fortune to stand in some angle of the fight 
 where the history of the world is being made. He becomes great 
 because he has the opportunity of doing great things, though 
 before the deed he may not have been lifted up among his fellow 
 men, and though after the deed he may fall into such obscurity 
 as to raise questions within 50 years as to what he did and what 
 manner of man he was. 
 
 Many of iiis utterances might be cited, if time per- 
 mitted, to show Iiis trust and belief in llic one Supreme 
 Huler of the universe and his reverence for things tliat 
 make for a better life; but in his intercourse with his 
 fellows, whether officially or socially, in his beautiful 
 family relations as a son, a husband, and a father, are to 
 be found the best evidences of the faith tliat was in him. 
 M(.\v dillicidt it is to realize that a man who has accom- 
 plislied so much for his country, for his family, and for 
 
 [51] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 his friends has heen called hence in middle life and 
 before he had reached the zenith of his splendid promise. 
 The life of Senator Dolmver has been an inspiration 
 and an example to the youth of our land. Attaining the 
 highest place in the gift of the people of his adopted 
 State, through his indomitable courage and energy, he 
 fittingly illustrates the truth of the histoi-y of this coun- 
 try that all things are possible of accomplishment to him 
 who, in whatever he undertakes, presses onward and 
 upward. In his death the people of the country have 
 lost a most exemplary citizen, his family a devoted hus- 
 band and father, and this body one who has at all times 
 set an example of fidelity to duty as God gave him the 
 light to see it. When we think of such a man we can 
 not but hope that there may be truth in what the poet 
 has so beautifully said: 
 
 There is no death! the stars go down 
 
 To rise upon some other shore, 
 And bright in Heaven's jeweled crown, 
 
 They shine forevermore. 
 
 There is no death! the (hist we tread 
 
 Shall change beneath the summer showers. 
 
 To golden grain, or mellow fruit, 
 Or rainbow-tinted flowers. 
 
 The granite rocks disorganize 
 
 To feed the hungry moss they bear. 
 
 The forest leaves drink daily life 
 From out the viewless air. 
 
 There is no death! the leaves may fall, 
 The flowers may fade and pass away. 
 
 They only wait, through wintry hours, 
 The coming of the May. 
 
 There is no death! an angled form 
 
 Walks o'er the earth with silent tread; 
 
 He bears our best loved things away. 
 And then we call them dead. 
 
 [52] 
 
Ai)iini;.ss ov Mh. Cm \Miii lu.AiN, (U Oiux.on 
 
 He leaves our hearts all desolate; 
 
 He plucks our fairest, sweetest flowers; 
 Transplanted into bliss, they now 
 
 Adorn immortal bowers. 
 
 Tlie birdlike voice, whose joyous tones 
 Made glad the scene of sin and strife, 
 
 Sings now its everlasting song 
 Amid the tree of life. 
 
 Where'er He sees a smile too briglit, 
 Or soul too pure for taint or vice. 
 
 He bears it to that world of light 
 To dwell in Paradise. 
 
 Born into that undying life, 
 
 They leave us but to come again; 
 
 With joy we welcome them tlic same, 
 Except in sin and pain. 
 
 And ever near us, though unseen. 
 The dear immortal spirits tread. 
 
 For all the boundless universe 
 Is life, there are no dead I 
 
 [53] 
 
Address of Mr. Young, of Iowa 
 
 In our State him whom we mourn to-day had but one 
 name and that was " Dollivfr." If audiences wished to 
 call him, voices shouted " Dolliver." This single name 
 appeared upon all posters announcing his meetings. 
 From the beginning of his career he was an Iowa favorite. 
 His name drew the crowd. But no one called him Jona- 
 than P. Dolliver. That may have been the form upon 
 the legal ballot or in the Congressional Directorj'. This 
 circumstance is complimentary and means that honor 
 rather than disrespect was intended. 
 
 I shall speak of Dolliver as I knew him. If I had been 
 selecting a comrade for a journey across the continent, 
 either in a prairie schooner or a palace car, I would have 
 selected Dolliver. Every day would have been a new 
 day. Every thought would have been fresh and refresh- 
 ing. When he looked out of a window he saw more 
 than mountains and streams. He saw more tiian prairies 
 and crops. He photographed with a lens which painters 
 and poets know. Nature deliglited him. Trees and 
 plants told their own story to him. He loved books. 
 The best class of romance pleased him. History and 
 biograph}' delighted him. It is a surprise to know that 
 he seldom attended tlie theater, though he loved music 
 and was especially thrilled by patriotic airs. His whole 
 character can be summed up in the statement that he 
 loved his fellow man and was a good comrade with any- 
 one whom he chanced to meet. Acquaintances made on 
 a railroad train often developed into lifelong friendship. 
 His charm of manner was in his simplicity, and he was 
 
 [54] 
 
Address oi Mii. YoiNd. oi Idw \ 
 
 willing lu listen as well as to talk. He probably knew 
 more people in Iowa than did any other of our public 
 men. Certainly more people knew him. He had can- 
 vassed the State for 25 years and had spoken on all 
 manner of occasions. He held the esteem of all with 
 wlioni lie served in either House or Senate. The rela- 
 tionship existing between himself and Senator Allison 
 will long be borne in the minds of Iowa people. The 
 dead Senator was devoted to his kindred. In all his cal- 
 culations the thought of his kindred came first. His 
 affection for his venerable father, known in Iowa as 
 "Father Dolliver," was touching. The Senator believed 
 his father to be one of the greatest men, and he remained 
 to that father as a child always. 
 
 When President Mclvinley was governor of Ohio he 
 made a speech in Des Moines. Senator Doixiver alter- 
 nated between two meetings with Gov. McKinley. In one 
 large opera house Father Dolliver was anxious to be near 
 the stage from which his son was to speak. Father Dolli- 
 ver was a large man and late in life had suffered the loss 
 of a iiinl). The son stepped from his seat on the stage to 
 assist his father to a better position. He did this uncon- 
 scious that 2,000 people were admiring his filial devotion. 
 As a rule. Senator Dolliver's early friendships lasted 
 through life. No mention of his life would be complete 
 which failed to record what our one-time great editor. 
 Gen. James S. Clarkson, did for the struggling youth. 
 Clarkson discovered many Iowa men, but none reached 
 the fame of Dolliver. Clarkson was Dolliver's admiring 
 and helpful friend. He never tired in praising the young 
 man's oratorj'. Dolliver was Clarkson's one intellectual 
 gold nugget. The mine proved not to have been sailed. 
 Later prospecting developed a richer lead. 
 
 In ills earlier career the Senator said bitter things in 
 relation to tiie other parly, lie iiad bnatlud an in- 
 
 [55] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 tcnsitj' of feeling following the great war. lie had heard 
 bitter talk from his childhood, for all politics were bitter- 
 ness in his youth. He loved the old soldier and was a 
 favorite at all Grand Army gatherings. One of his 
 favorite utterances was that no decrepit Union soldier 
 should ever be seen going away from the Treasurj' win- 
 dow bearing the broken promise of Abraham Lincoln. 
 Before being elected to Congress Dollutr had a national 
 reputation as an orator. In the House he was as a cav- 
 alry leader. He was called into action when the fight 
 was thick, and, no matter how brief the notice, he was 
 found with well-filled oratorical cartridge box. He sel- 
 dom sought opportunity for debate, but was willing to 
 respond to the order of his party. Dolliver's service in 
 the House might be called his educational years, his 
 constructive years, his years of character forming and 
 purpose defining. His friends at home discovered by 
 his service in the House that he was a growing man. 
 As 3'ears passed there came to him intellectual poise; 
 his form of expression grew more conservative. Thus 
 he reached a standing in public estimation of being 
 something more than an orator. 
 
 But his intellectual fires burned brightest in the pres- 
 ence of the muHilude. This ability, he always felt, was 
 an inheritance from his father. 
 
 After Dolliver had served in the House and his reputa- 
 tion had become national he was frequently mentioned 
 for the ollice of Vice President, and some months before 
 his death there had been a conspicuous expression that 
 he would some time be President. 
 
 Just before the convening of the Republican national 
 convention held in Philadelphia in 1900 a great western 
 newspaper suggested Senator Dolliver for Vice Presi- 
 dent. The movement grew to be one of importance. I 
 was a delegate to that convention and received a tele- 
 
 [56] 
 
,\iii>iii;ss 01 Mn. Vol N(i, or Iowa 
 
 gram liuin my associate delegates, already at Philadel- 
 phia, to come on at once, prepared to help the Doluver 
 movement and to prepare a speech to be used in placing 
 him before the convention. I proceeded at once to Phil- 
 adelphia and our political activities began. We opened 
 head(iuarters. We secured banners and a band of music. 
 Then we began to inquire in relation to our candidate. 
 We discovered that he was stopping with friends in a 
 Philado]i)hia suburb and that he was mucii unconcerned 
 in regard to the suggestion of his name. He was urged, 
 and yet his enthusiasm did not grow. He was asked to go 
 before the Iowa delegation and finally did so, but with 
 half-unconcerned and lukewarm sjjirit. The Doi.i.iver 
 enthusiasm had not reached Dollivek; but his friends 
 continued their campaign in his behalf. Congressional 
 associates visited headquarters and urged the movement 
 forward; but the Senator said that he could not afford 
 to be Vice President; that the social requirements were 
 too many. The only other name mentioned for Vice 
 President was that of Col. Roosevelt. Col. Roosevelt's 
 friends were urging him not to be a candidate and not to 
 accept the place, giving as a reason that four years later 
 they hoped to nominate him for President. This, then, 
 was the situation: Senator Dolliver's friends were urging 
 him to accept the Vice Presidential nomination, regard- 
 less of his future, and Col. Roosevelt's friends were de- 
 termined that he should not accept, having in mind his 
 future. I have always believed that if Col. Roosevelt iuid 
 not consented to accept llie nomination Senator Doixi- 
 VER would have been the nominee, and thus the whole 
 course of hislon- miglit have been cliani^id. 
 
 The negotiations and consultations among party leaders 
 were numerous. Senators Piatt, of New York, and Quay, 
 of Pennsylvania, then conspicuous in i)arty management, 
 were anxious for the nomination of Col. Roosevcll. to 
 
 [57] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 make what they called " a well-balanced ticket," mean- 
 ing that men of diflerent types should be chosen for the 
 two great ofTices; but these party leaders were unable to 
 secure Col. Roosevelt's consent. A little later in the pro- 
 ceedings these two Senators, now dead, left the field, plac- 
 ing everything in charge of Senator Mark Hanna. Sena- 
 tor Hanna was chairman of the Republican national com- 
 mittee. With his usual energy, he undertook to ascertain 
 the situation. It is doubtless true that he knew the situa- 
 tion. There had been so much in the way of diplomacy 
 between the camps that the situation was generally known 
 to active party men. The first thing Senator Hanna did 
 was to call upon Senator Dolliver and his friends. 
 Learning that the Senator did not have his heart in the 
 cause, he asked the Senator and myself to go with him 
 to call upon Col. Roosevelt for the purpose of securing an 
 acceptance or an unequivocal refusal. Col. Roosevelt 
 had all the time refused to say that he would not accept 
 the nomination for Vice President, refusing to assume 
 that the ofiice was beneath him for the reason that he 
 regarded it as a great ofTice. We called upon Col. Roose- 
 velt. Senator Hanna askad him, " Col. Roosevelt, will 
 you accept the nomination for Vice President?" As I 
 remember it, the Colonel responded, " I will, at your 
 hands and at the hands of the entire Republican Part}'." 
 Then Senator Dolliver turned and with a smile said, " It 
 is all over. My name shall not be used." Senator Hanna 
 asked Col. Roosevelt who would j)rcsent his name. The 
 Colonel turned to Senator Dolliver and Senator Dolliver 
 turned to me, remarking that " You can just change your 
 speech a little and nominate the Colonel." Senator 
 Hanna then, turning to me, said, " It is up to you, young 
 man." My speech nominating Dolliver had already gone 
 out to the Press Association and had to be suppressed by 
 wire. This is the story of the Vice Presidency at Phila- 
 
 [58] 
 
Address of Mr. Yoing, or Iowa 
 
 delphia, briefly told. Senator Dolliver and myself, tiave 
 many times agreed to write the story jointly. We dis- 
 agreed in no detail in our recollections, and I have now 
 given it as 1 remember it. 
 
 At the Cliicago convention of 1908 Senator Dolliver 
 was urged to accept the nomination for Vice President 
 and again declined, stating to all that he preferred to 
 remain in the Senate. 
 
 Senator Dolliver will not be longest remembered as a 
 politician. He was not an organizer. He could not band 
 men together except by their affections. He will be re- 
 membered longest for his humanitarian side. He was 
 sUrred most by what newspapers call " human interest 
 stories." This is true of all men who have hearts. Of all 
 themes, man is the greatest; of all texts, he is the first. 
 DoLLrs'ER's mind seemingly never rested. When sitting 
 upon his front porch his scintillating remarks played like 
 sunshine through the branches of the trees, adding 
 brightness to the circumstances surrounding him. He 
 was a rare comrade. The humblest loved him; others re- 
 spected and admired. None hated him. It is pitiful to 
 know that before he died he could not have known that 
 all the people of Iowa loved him as in former years and 
 that new political conditions had not actually dimmed the 
 memories of the past or caused all the State to lose inter- 
 est in the youth whose activity had been their activities 
 and whose achievements had been their achievements. 
 
 When strong men die in their prime others say "What 
 a pity." But is it a pity? Dolliver lived his day, fought 
 his fight, won a great name, established a home, and 
 leaves to his descendants a heritage as enduring as time. 
 He migiit iuive left a fortune, but, accorcMng to his own 
 theory, this would have been a misfortune. In his own 
 defense of American youth he many times said " The 
 farther you can disconnect the young man from fifty 
 
 [59] 
 
Mkmoiuai. Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 thousand a year the better for him." He did not believe 
 in riches and idleness as a means of mental and moral 
 growth. His own experiences mellowed liis life and 
 created his philosophy. His friends discovered, in the 
 discharge of liis duties, that iiis purposes were patriotic, 
 his love of country genuine. If we shall always send such 
 men to the Senate revolutions will represent the advance- 
 ment following thoughtful consideration, weighed in the 
 balance of judgment, and the Republic will bo secure. 
 In all his intensity he never forgot his responsibililies to 
 his country. He was one of the few men who could in- 
 terest and sway the multitude by a speech full of patriot- 
 ism and optimism. 
 
 His life's labors are ended. His neighbors and friends 
 and an admiring people are preparing to build a monu- 
 ment marking his resting place. The shaft will look 
 from an eminence to the valley of the Des Moines Uiver. 
 From this position the eye can see busy people and mov- 
 ing trains. Generations will come and go, and the name 
 of Dolliver will not be forgotten. 
 
 Last evening the residents of this capital witnessed a 
 beautiful sunset. The clouds were red, purple, and gold. 
 The west was in its glory. Viewed from the western 
 steps of the Capitol of the Nation, there, in the back- 
 ground of this wonderful picture, stood the Nation's 
 monument to Washington. It was a scene to inspire the 
 painter. The shaft, in its simplicity, pierced the sky and 
 stood in tlic illuniination as if it were an American out- 
 post with the ligiit of historj' behind it. Thus stands out, 
 from the achievements of a life, a strong character. 
 Thus will stand Dolliver in the years to come. 
 
 Mr. President, as a further mark of respect to the 
 memorj' of Mr. Clay and Mr. Dolliver, I move that the 
 Senate do now adjourn. 
 
 [60] 
 
Address ov Mr. Young, of Iowa 
 
 The motion was iiiianiniously agreod to, and (at G 
 o'clock p. ni.) the Senate adjourned until Monday, Febru- 
 ary 20, 1911, at 11 o'clock a. ni. 
 
 February 25, 1911. 
 
 Mr. Young. On the 18th instant, when I submitted my 
 remarks in memory of the late Senator Dolliver, I was 
 unable to procure a copy of a letter which 1 desired to 
 incorporate in order that it might be in the permanent 
 volume. I now have that letter in print, written by Gen. 
 James S. Clarkson, who knew Mr. Doi.mver better than 
 any other one living knew him. I ask leave to present it, 
 not to be read, but to become a part of the memorial 
 volunu' when it is printed, it being necessary to its 
 completion. 
 
 The Vice President. Without objection, the letter pre- 
 sented by the Senator from Iowa will be printed as 
 requested. 
 
 Mr. Young. I ask that it may be printed in the Record. 
 
 There being no objection, the letter was ordered to be 
 printed in the Record, as follows: 
 
 [From the Dps Moines (Iowa) Register and Leader] 
 MR. CLAIIKSON'S farewell TRIDUTK to DOLI.IVF.n 
 
 In a telegraphic dispatch I have already responded in part to 
 the rc(iiicst of tlu' Register and Leader for " an expression on the 
 death of Seniitor Dollivkr." In lliat I expressed my sense of the 
 Nation's loss and of my own personal grief in this untimely end 
 of Ills great career. Tliere will be those who will (iiink that his 
 death, largely if not wholly due to his incessant and faithful 
 overwork in the cause of the people, will have contributed even 
 more than he could have done if living to the cause that he 
 espoused so earneslly and powerfully, and this may be true. Yet, 
 for my part, I believe that he was plainly in the line of destiny to 
 
 [61] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Doi.i.iver 
 
 serve a still greater part in this cause than he had yet been able 
 to do, much as he had done. He had already become the leader 
 of the public thought of the Nation on the great reforms so im- 
 peratively demanded in some of our leading national policies and 
 in our business systems, and to me he was becoming plainly the 
 choice of the people for the supreme leader in the final action 
 ■which will i)iit tliese demands for change and reform in the 
 national statutes, or such reforms as will bring the country and 
 its business and its people back to normal balance, with corpora- 
 tions and property having all the protection that they deserve and 
 yet with human rights always having preeminence over property 
 and all material things. 
 
 '■ Dolliver's heart was as much tlie embodied heart of the 
 American people, the struggling and " uncounted millions," as he 
 so fondly and so felicitously termed them, or llie great masses 
 who in their relative poverty have a fairer and larger life in this 
 Republic than the same class of people have in any oilier country 
 of the world, just as much as the heart of Lincoln was the em- 
 bodied heart, not only of all the struggling and suffering millions 
 but also of all patriotic Americans in the years before the Civil 
 War. Besides this almost divine sympathy for the people at 
 large and his desire to save the working people of this country 
 from being degraded to a peasantry similar to the peasantries of 
 Europe, as Lincoln desired to free the millions of human beings 
 from slavery at that time, he also spent long years of studious and 
 incessant invesligalion into all economic ([uestions and learned 
 to know the just basis on which the readjustment in this country 
 should and must and will finally be made. He was among the 
 earliest to see the force of the resistless evolution which has been 
 going on in tiiis country particularly, and also all over the world 
 in a lesser degree, and among the first to know that the tide could 
 not longer be resisted. 
 
 Instead of his views as so conspicuously announced in his 
 speeches of unequaled power and persuasion in the debates in 
 the Senate on the Payne tariff bill — the speeches which so un- 
 prejudiced an authority as the Springfield Republican, first of all 
 political and literary critics in New England, pronounced as 
 having brought the Senate debates of this lime to be judged as 
 cciual in merit with the debates of the days of Webster, Clay, 
 Randolph, and Calhoun — being the zealous views of a new con- 
 vert, 1 personally know them to have been in fact his own per- 
 
 [62] 
 
Address of Mr. Young, of Iowa 
 
 sonal viiws lor many years, tor tlicsc views long have been my 
 own, and I often talked them over with him in the intimacy 
 existing between us, and we both agreed, over 20 years ago, that 
 no tariir duty should any longer be imposed, except in such 
 measure as would protect the American laborer in the difTcrence 
 between American and European wages. These were not only 
 his private views but often as frankly expressed public views. 
 In fact, I have always felt that it was the plank in the Iowa 
 Republican platform in 1895, as I remember the date, in the State 
 convention held in Cedar Rapids, declaring that "the tarilT shall 
 never be allowed to become a shelter of monopoly," and which 
 was presented by George Roberts and Dolliver, that jiut Iowa in 
 the lead of a rising revolt against any further higli or increasing 
 tariff. It was this plank that ushered in what finally became 
 nationally known as " the Iowa idea." In the years since then I 
 talked frequently with Mr. Dolliver, and found him increasingly 
 in favor of lowering instead of increasing the tariff duties. I 
 talked with him several times during the debate on tlu' Payne 
 bill, when he came to New York hunting for the actual facts as 
 to the important schedules into which he made such complete 
 and unsparing investigation, and consulted with me and other 
 customs oflicials in this port. He never stopped until he got the 
 entire truth in detail, which truth he used with such terrific 
 eflFect in his speeches in the Senate and with such overwhelming 
 proof as ought to have defeated the scliedules that he assailed. 
 
 Besides his own tireless work and overwork, which at last and 
 not slowly brought to liiiii the fatal penalty which his country 
 now deplores, in investigating for the truth, he had the service 
 for several years, and in the last year or more the constant service, 
 of Henry D. Tichenor, the best-posted man of this time in all the 
 intricate details of the tariff — the son and student of Col. George 
 C. Tichenor, the greatest tarifT expert this Nation has ever had 
 and who, as a liigh official of the Treasury Department, was the 
 expert authority and adviser of Congress in the preparation and 
 enactment of the Wilson bill, the McKinley bill, and the Dingley 
 bill. Thus, his speeches in the Senate were based not only on 
 his own long and profound study of the economic conditions of 
 this country, but also on ascertained and established oflicial facts 
 gained by him with such an exhaustless and exhaustive research 
 and with such hard labor on his own part, and through the 
 
 [63] 
 
Mkmohi.m. Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 invaluable help of the first taritT experts, as no other public 
 official had ever attempted or utilized. 
 
 This great testimony of incontcstible facts which he gave in 
 the Senate served the one great purpose of convincing the great 
 masses of the people — " the uncounted millions," as he termed 
 them — but failed to convince the majority of the Senate, which 
 had determined not to be convinced. Thus did he place on the 
 great trestle board of the Nation's progress the truth, so imperi- 
 ously demanding long-needed reform in the reduction of the 
 tariff, and with it the plan for accomplishing it. This plan that 
 he thus presented to the wisdom of the Nation and the conscience 
 of Congress will surely yet be enacted into law; and it is more 
 than probable that he himself would have been called to the 
 Presidency as the insurance of its being done. He had not lived 
 to lead in fulfilling his utterance as a prophet, but in a not dis- 
 tant time his prophecies will have become the statutes of the land 
 and the full protection of the people. 
 
 That Senator Dolliver worked with Senator Cummins in the 
 final struggle in Washington was from the fact that Senator Cum- 
 mins was right also and not because anyone or any power than 
 his own conscience led Dolliver to take what his own 20 years' 
 experience in Congress had shown him to be the only thing left to 
 do. I was in sympathy with the most that he did, and yet, as a 
 much older man and a man of the older generation that had 
 passed, could not share fully in the views of the new generation in 
 holding so many of the old party leaders as having been unfaithful. 
 For they had served in a far different period in the evolution and 
 upbuilding of this Nation, and had, in my opinion, served as 
 faithfully the demands of their time as were Dolliver and the 
 other leaders of the new generation proceeding to fulfill their 
 duties now. While I approved his general course of protest and 
 appeal in the Senate, and had plainly increasing admiration for 
 him for the rare powers he was so plainly and so constantly 
 showing, I advised him to vote at last for his party under protest, 
 and place the responsibility on it. Yet I am free to say that in 
 this he showed himself possessed of more courage and more 
 loyalty to the people's interest than I did, or the courage of this 
 newer and braver and perhaps belter era in politics. In any 
 event he plainly met his duty as he saw it, and died proud of his 
 action; and the coming time is not unlikely to find posterity call- 
 
 [64] 
 
AuDHIiSS 01 Mh. YoiNCi, ()!■ loW A 
 
 ing it not only the bravest but the greatest of all his many acts in 
 his h)nK and brilliant and always faithful career. 
 
 One who has lived as long as I have and personally watched 
 the course of things in 50 years of politics can look with admira- 
 tion upon the great leaders of the new day and the new order 
 without joining in the too prevalent present tendency to impugn 
 the motives of the great leaders who led in the great legislation 
 in the generation just passed. For my part, 1 believe that these 
 denunciations should cease and the party be brought together to 
 agree upon the legislation which is to enact, in the statutes the 
 reforms now so irresistibly demanded by the public interest and 
 the public will. The party should bo brought together instead of 
 daily being separated more and more. I do not mean that there 
 should be the least surrender on the part of the new convictions 
 or any lessening of the demands for changes so imperatively 
 needed, but I do believe that 95 per cent of the Republicans of 
 this country want to find in an amicable manner the right way to 
 settle these questions. .Ml that is needed is to ascertain and to 
 enact into law what will be just to property and the people alike, 
 and yet with the rights of the people always above the rights of 
 property. In my judgment, two such great leaders as Senator 
 Elihu Root, so consummate in knowledge of corporation law and 
 corporation rights, and yet conscious of the rights of the people, 
 and Senator Dolliveb, representing so completely the interests 
 and wishes of the people, could have come together any time in 
 the past two years and made a draft for three or four statutes 
 which would have ushered in and made the laws of the land what 
 the people are so imperatively demanding and will continue to 
 demand until their will and wish are complied with. The great, 
 greedy 1 per cent, or the capitalists wiio constitute not over 1 per 
 cent of the population of this country, who have had their way 
 too much and too long, will not much longer continue to defeat 
 the people in their determination to readjust the Government to 
 a basis absolutely just to all interests alike. 
 
 On the personal side of Mr. Doi.i.ivkh's life I could easily fill a 
 whole page of the Register and Leader — or even all its pages — and 
 I will venture to add something on that line to an article already 
 too long. His life readily groups itself into four stages: 
 
 First, the stage of his boyhood and education in Virginia, where 
 under the loving care of his father and mr)ther he was making 
 the struggle of the son of a poor preacher for a liberal education. 
 
 93227°— 11 5 [65] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Doeeiver 
 
 Those who knew tlie parents know tliat he had an inspiration 
 from them botli which was almost divine, for botli were of the 
 best of earth; and those who knew him intimately, and especially 
 in his early days in Iowa, know his love for them amounted 
 almost to worship. His father — who as a minister rode the lonely 
 circuits of the mountain districts of Virginia, carried more than 
 even the gospel of the Master to a frontier people — was himself a 
 great man, and a man who was so devout and so human himself 
 as to be one of the greater pioneers in the vast and faithful work 
 and uplift of the people of the early Republic. Much of the rare 
 power of oratory Senator Dolliver possessed came from his own 
 devout nature, inherited from his parents, with whom the Bible 
 was always the highest platform not only for human thought, but 
 for human action; and nearly every great speech he ever made 
 was informed and made, nearly Inspired, by apt and irresistible 
 quotations from its sacred pages. In a speech that he delivered 
 on Abraham Lincoln, on Lincoln's birthday, before the Repub- 
 lican Club of this city four years ago, he naturally found in the 
 character and career of Lincoln an inspiration to quote from the 
 highest summits of the Bible; and it was to such splendid and 
 impressive effect as to elicit from President Roosevelt, who was 
 present, the remark to me that he thought it was the greatest and 
 most impressive speech he had ever heard. It may be said that 
 the church gave Senator Dolliver to public life and to his great 
 work on such a high plane, and also made him to be what the 
 Tribune, of this city, calls him to-day, " an orator without a rival 
 in either of the great parties." 
 
 The second stage of his life begins when, fresh from college and 
 law schools, he started West to earn his own living and to aid in 
 the support of his father, who had been largely incapacitated by 
 the loss of a leg. He stopped first in Illinois one winter to teach 
 school; but nature and temperament and perhaps a higher power 
 kept his great abilities from being long employed within such 
 narrow borders, an^ he went on to Iowa to practice law at Fort 
 Dodge and to enter into the great career which he linaily achieved. 
 The gates of Iowa never opened in more of fortune to tlie State 
 than when they opened to admit this young pioneer from Virginia. 
 The record to be written now, the record which will grow con- 
 stantly larger as time will pass, is that while a great State has 
 bestowed its greatest honors upon this poor young immigrant 
 since that lime, lie has in return bestowed still greater honors 
 
 [66] 
 
Aiimii:ss cii Mb. ^'(n•^■(■., (u hiwA 
 
 upon it in the theater of the wider field of the whole world. For 
 in faithful and mighty measure he has added to the respect, the 
 admiration, and the love which the world has come to have for 
 the Commonwealth now so great, then just rising into its promise 
 of challenging greatness. 
 
 I first saw Mr. Dollivi:r late in the winter of 1884 at Fort Dodge, 
 where 1 had gone to see Gov. Carpenter, the lovahle man who was 
 one of the noblest and the best of lowans. The governor, who 
 knew the Register was always watching for new stars arising in 
 Iowa, told me of Dolliver and said he was the making if not 
 already the greatest orator in the State, and asked me if I would 
 not stay over until the next day and he would have a meeting 
 called in the courthouse with a speech by Dollivkh. I told him 
 my engagements required I should be in Des Moines that night, 
 and the governor started to take me to the train in his buggy from 
 the farm. As he was driving through a street in F"ort Dodge he 
 suddenly said, " There's Dollivkr now," and drove up to a group 
 of men working in the street; and there, working in a ditch in the 
 street, in his bare feet, working out his poll tax, was the future 
 great Senator. It was typical of the man, for while he had not 
 yet come to have any income as a lawyer only of the slenderest 
 size, he was meeting his duty as a citizen by manual labor, which 
 honored him, and living in his little law odice, with an oil stove, 
 doing his own cooking, and sending all possible money that he 
 could earn and save to his father in Virginia. Later in the same 
 year, when he was brought into the national campaign and won 
 such an instant and complete victory as an orator and won so 
 much praise. Chairman Jones, of the national committee, ex- 
 pressed to me this fear that such great and high praise would 
 turn the head of any young man. 1 told him then of this instance 
 in Fort Dodge and said that a man who started in life in such a 
 manner would always be secure against any mere flattery or any 
 undue vanity. 
 
 This day in Fort Dodge Mr. Dolliver met me in such a manner, 
 and his greatness was so brimming in him even then and in every- 
 thing he said, that I was immediately won by him, and there 
 began one of the two or three most cherished intimate friendships 
 of my life, and which tiirough all the passing years has changed 
 only to deepen and increase. 1 at once decided to slay over and 
 hear the new orator and sec the new star in his own orbit, lie 
 more than justified Gov. Carpenter's ardent measurement of him. 
 
 [67] 
 
Memorial Ai)i)RKSsiis : Senator Dolliver 
 
 In March or April we had our Slate convention to elect the Iowa 
 delegates to the national convention of 1884. Gov. Carpenter and 
 I used our influence with the State committee and had Mr. Dol- 
 LIVER chosen temporary chairman of the State convention. There 
 he made the famous speech which not only surprised and de- 
 lighted the convention and all the people of Iowa, but also cap- 
 tured the country at large and was published in many papers. 
 From that day Dolliver's fame and future high usefulness were 
 certain and secure. 
 
 In that year Iowa gave its vote and its heart to Blaine. I was 
 made the member for Iowa of the Republican committee — one of 
 the generous State's many gracious kindnesses to me — with Mr. 
 Blaine finally insisting that I should go to New York for the cam- 
 paign as a member of the executive committee, which I reluctantly 
 did, although I then not only had no ambition for national reputa- 
 tion, but instead had firmly resolved never to leave or to desire 
 a larger field than Iowa, a resolve which I have often regretted I 
 had not always kept. In a conference between the committee and 
 Mr. Blaine in choosing the larger speakers for the national cam- 
 paign, I suggested Dolliver, and the other members, mainly east- 
 ern men with the usual prejudice against the West, thought it 
 personal partiality on my part. But Mr. Blaine spoke up and 
 said, " If that's the young man who has been showering Iowa and 
 the West with epigrams, wc cert;iinly want him, for his speeches 
 show him to be a man of rare and unusual power." So Dolliver 
 was invited. He reached New York while the executive com- 
 mittee was in session, and I had him brought into the room and 
 introduced him. He had the natural timidity of a young man 
 among famous men, knowing that he was under critical and none 
 too friendly inspection. After he left the room I said to Mr. 
 Hobart (afterwards Vice President): "You are to have an open- 
 ing meeting to-morrow night at your home in Paterson in the big 
 skating rink whicli you say holds 10,000 people and will be fdled. 
 All of us on the committee here will accept an invitation to spend 
 to-morrow night with you and attend the meeting. 1 want you to 
 invite Dolmvkr to speak there. If he does not then more than 
 prove all that I have said of him, he will go back to Iowa." We 
 went; the great rink was filled to overflowing. Hobart presided, 
 and we as fellow committeemen sat around him as wax figures 
 for the occasion. Hobart put up other speakers, and gradually 
 the audience began to melt away. I finally told him if he wanted 
 
 [68] 
 
AuuiiEss 01 Mh. YoiNd, 01 I(i\v\ 
 
 to save his audience to put up Dolliver, and I would guarantee 
 that no more people would go out, and that in less than five min- 
 utes the applause he would receive would call back the people 
 who had left. He reluctantly consented and i)ut Doi.i.ivku up, and 
 in less than five minutes he had captured I lie audience and New 
 Jersey and. tlirough the papers printiTig his speech next day, the 
 country at large. After lli.it Unit national committee could not 
 send Dolliver to one in a hundred of the places he was wanted 
 and asked for. Mr. Blaine asked to see him, and at once took 
 him on a special train with him for an oratorical tour of New 
 Jersey and Pennsylvania. This completed the final arrival of 
 DoLLivKH in the lists of national fame, and from that time until 
 the close of the campaign he was kept away from Iowa and in 
 the national service until the election. 
 
 His first great personal feat in American politics was in the 
 great speeches he made in Ohio in the campaign made that year 
 for the election of a State ticket. His campaign was so inspiring 
 and his persuasion so infectious that he gave new life to the 
 Republican Party there, and it was admitted that he had saved 
 the State from what had been expected to be a Democratic vic- 
 tory. Mr. Blaine always held Mr. Dolliver not only in great 
 admiration for his rare ability as an orator and leader, but also 
 in much of personal affection; and gradually and quickly the 
 young western leader came to be greatly beloved of all the princi- 
 pal party leaders of the Nation. 
 
 The third stage in Mr. Dolliveh's evolution into a great career 
 was in the years when, in 1889, he was elected as a Member of 
 the lower House of Congress; his early rise to unusual power and 
 influence in that body; his four reeleclions to the House and the 
 constant increase of his prestige and usefulness; his large par- 
 ticipation as a member of the Ways and Means Committee in the 
 creation of the McKinley tariff law, where he learned much of 
 the information wiiicli he used in llie debate (m the Payne bill; 
 and finally, after he had become one of Hie accepted leaders and 
 greater or;dors of the party, bis transference to the Senate, where 
 he came into such close and intimate relations with Senator .Mli- 
 son, so loved an<l honored alike by all lowans and all Americans, 
 who accepted liiiii as a colleague who could give as well as 
 receive strength and help. He grew to have still more alTeetion 
 for the venerable leader than be had had before .unl proved a 
 very Jonallum and a very pillar of strength to him in his later 
 
 [69] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Doi.eiver 
 
 years, extending to such a defense of him in that last pathetic year 
 of life and such a defense of equally unexampled devotion and 
 strength as no Iowa man had ever before been given. Dolliver's 
 campaign in Iowa for Allison's last election was such a demonstra- 
 tion of strength and courage as no other Iowa man has ever 
 shovk'n. Himself a man of the newer generation and the new 
 order, instead of going the safe and easy way of afHliation with 
 his own generation and making sure of his future without doubt 
 or hardship, he voluntarily and gladly took up the cause of a great 
 and noble man, wlio at best was very near the end of his days, and 
 cheerfully and gladly gave him liis support, and such a support 
 and based on sucli devotion, and despite the very possible sacri- 
 fice of himself, as not one man in a million would ever give even 
 to his dearest friend. This one act of lofty courage and fidelity 
 should and will in a State with hearts sucli as tlie people of Iowa 
 have of itself make the name of Dolliveh forever sacred and 
 loved by the people who honoreil him so much and so often and 
 who in loyal and grateful return honored them still more. 
 
 The fourth stage in Dolliver's life, or last, covers the closing 
 years, which will now always have an historical pathos which 
 will be inseparable from his undying fame. It covers the two 
 years of his greatest achievements, of his proudest victories in 
 his service to the people, which will always be a model because 
 of its usefulness and purity as well as for the luster of its legiti- 
 mate greatness. 
 
 In the widening circle of his growing power he had come into 
 the consecrated approval of the people of the whole Nation — a 
 people who had already come to look upon him as the desirable 
 and inevitable man for the supreme place in the near future. He 
 had made his way to this high place purely by his own ability. 
 He had such help alone as the inspiration of the devoted love and 
 help, first of his parents, and next of his wife, who was so worthy 
 of him in all his greatness and of his ambitions and purposes, 
 and the loving help of his noble sisters, and all the others who 
 found a new joy and pride in being admitted to his friendship 
 and unchanging affection. His own sad and sudden death recalls 
 to those who knew and loved the brother, too, for his many noble 
 qualities, the sudden death of his brother Victor. 
 
 For Iowa it may be said — and I remember as I say it many 
 thousands and tens of thousands of good hearts I personally know 
 
 [70] 
 
AuDHtSS 01 Mh. YoiNG, <)i low \ 
 
 in the Stale, a Stale I love as I love no other — that in none of its 
 many acts whieh it has rendered for the benefit of the world and 
 the service of mankind has it honored itself more than in giving 
 to the public service of the Nation and to the cause of the people 
 a man so pure and so great and so useful as Senator Dollivkr. 
 
 In the closing years of my life, when, with everyone who is 
 nearing the end of the long journey, I find a greater and yet more 
 radiant and revealing light shining on the acts of all men, I dis- 
 cover even in the earlier public acts of Senator Dollivkh more of 
 useful contribution to the public good and more of lasting benefit 
 to his fellow men for all time than I discovered then. They were 
 the forerunning prophecies and promises of the greater things to 
 come in his ministry and help since for the waiting millions 
 whom Lincoln consecrated with the now sacred title of "the 
 plain people." And as I see now the fruitage of the great results 
 of those early efforts and review the unselfishness and the purity 
 as well as the greatness of his life and his work, I find it one of 
 the proudest titles I can set down for myself that 1 was given to 
 gain the confidence and the unchanging friendship and afl'ections 
 of the man whose name, not only in the years but in the centuries 
 to come, will be quoted as that of one of the .\mericans most to 
 be quoted for the emulation of all young men, and to the honor 
 of a Republic which could develop such a mail for the larger 
 service of his own and all other people. Phiinly, and from the 
 first, he "lifted his eyes unto the hills, from whence all strength 
 
 Cometh." 
 
 James S. Ci^rkson. 
 
 [711 
 
Proceedings in the House 
 
 December 5, 1910. 
 Mr. Hubbard of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following 
 resolution, which I send to the Clerk's desk. 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the House has heard with profound sorrow of 
 the death of the Hon. Jonathan Prentiss Dollivf.u, late a Senator 
 of the United States from the State of Iowa. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
 Senate and send a copy thereof to the family of the deceased 
 Senator. 
 
 The resolution was agreed to. 
 
 January 26, 1911. 
 Mr. Hubbard of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I offer the following 
 order. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Ordered, That there be a session of the House at 12 m. Sunday, 
 February 26, 191 1, for the delivery of eulogies on the life, charac- 
 ter, and public services of the honorable .Jonathan P. Doi.livfr, 
 late a Member of the I'nited States Senate from the State of Iowa. 
 
 The order was agreed to. 
 
 Sunday, February 26, 1911. 
 The House was called to order at 12 o'clock noon by 
 the Clerk, Hon. Alexander McDowell, wlio announced 
 that Mr. Hull of Iowa luid been designated by the Speaker 
 as Speaker pro tempore for this day. 
 
 [72] 
 
Pr()Ckei)in(;s in the Hoi si-; 
 
 The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Coudcn, D. D., offered 
 the following prayer: 
 
 O thou who art supremely wise and good, just and 
 merciful, pure and holy, our (lod and our Father, we 
 thank Thee that no nighl of sorrow can ohscure the light 
 of Thy countenance from those who put their trust in 
 Thee. No disappointment so deep, so poignant, that 
 Thou canst not turn to hope. Hence we pray most fer- 
 vently for those who were hound by the ties of love and 
 friendship to the departed statesmen, who strove ear- 
 nestly to reflect in their lives and deeds the image of 
 their Maker. Grant that the historj' recorded this day 
 may be an inspiration to those who read, to pure mo- 
 tives, clean living, and noble endeavor, that, though 
 dead, their works may live and boar tlie fruits of the 
 spirit thus reflected in their lives. Help us, we beseech 
 Thee, so to live that when we pass to the great beyond 
 we shall be missed and cherished by those who knew and 
 loved us, and song of praises we will ever give to Thee 
 in the name of Him who taught us to live well, and when 
 the sununons comes to pass serenely on with perfect 
 faith and confidence in Thee, O God, our Father. Amen. 
 
 The Journal of tiie proceedings of yesterday was read 
 and approved. 
 
 Mr. HuBBAKi) of Iowa. Mr, Speaker, I offer the follow- 
 ing resolutions. 
 
 The Clerk read as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the House lias heard with profound sorrow of 
 the death of Jonathan P. l)oi,uvi:n, late a Member of the I'nited 
 Stales Senate from the Slate of Iowa, which occurred at his home, 
 in the city of I'ort Dodge, October 15, 1!)10. 
 
 licsolvcd. That the business of the House be now suspended 
 that opportunity may be given to pay tribute to his memory. 
 
 [73] 
 
Mkmoriai, Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 Resolved, That as a particular mark of respect to tlie deceased 
 and in recognition of his distinguished public service the House, 
 at the conclusion of the memorial exercises of the day, shall stand 
 adjourned. 
 
 Resolved, That the Clerk communicate these resolutions to the 
 Senate. 
 
 Resolved. That the Clerk send a copy of these resolutions to the 
 family of the deceased. 
 
 The resolutions were agreed to. 
 
 Mr. Hubbard of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous 
 consent that general leave for five days he granted to 
 Members to print remarks on the life and character of 
 the late Senator Dolliver. 
 
 The Speaker pro tempore. The gentleman from Iowa 
 asks unanimous consent that leave be given for five days 
 for Members to print remarks on the life and character 
 of Senator Dolliver. Is there objection? 
 
 There was no objection. 
 
 [74] 
 
MEMORIAL ADDRESSES 
 
 Address of Mr. Hubbard, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker : Tlic first I knew of Jonathan P. Doi.liver, 
 or J. P., as he was familiarly called, was about 1882. In 
 my memory he was then a tall, almost slender, yet power- 
 ful youth, with a great voice not yet touched in its 
 melody with that certain roughness which later became 
 habitual. He was full of a boyish fun and already 
 looked out upon life with that quaintly cynical humor 
 which saw liie absurd in every sham, the queer and 
 almost comical self-deception in every wrong, and half 
 overlooked the sham and half forgave the wrong for the 
 delight he found in their very absurdity. 
 
 1 met him through that most lovable of men, Maurice 
 D. O'Connell, his lifelong mentor and friend, and even 
 now remember the prankish play of wit and fun with 
 wliich Uie young fellow tickled and teased the older man. 
 At home he was the life of every crowd, the joy of the 
 town, welcome alike to the philosophers of the drj-goods 
 box, as they reasoned sagely of "fate, free-will, fore- 
 knowledge absolute," and to the boys out for a good time. 
 
 The first notes of his eloquence were sounding. With 
 all their apparent ease, they wore the results of arduous 
 training. I iiave been told tiiat in tiiosc days it was his 
 wont, whenever in reading or in his own meditations or 
 in talk, lie encountered a striking thought, a witty turn, a 
 suggestive parallel, to note it upon a slip of |)apir, pin 
 this conspicuously on his bedroom wall, and rehearse it 
 over and over until it became a part of his mental fur- 
 niture. He called these his " repertoire," aEid would 
 
 [75] 
 
Mkmoiual Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 recite them oratorically to his intimates with all conceiv- 
 ahle variations, as might some violinist strive for per- 
 fect expression upon the trembling strings. His earlier 
 speeches quivered with epigram, each sentence rounded, 
 complete; an argument in a willy phrase; an heroic pic- 
 ture in a gleaming word. Such was the speech at the 
 Rcpuhlican State convention in 1884 which ihst intro- 
 duced him to the State and sent him to Congress in 1890. 
 So light and joyous were these children of his brain that 
 men in their laughter and applause forgot the earnest 
 purpose behind the wit and satire. Stupid common- 
 place exacted the usual bitter penalty from him who had 
 the wisdom to make men laugh. He was an earnest man, 
 altliough he did not clothe his earnestness in pompous 
 phrase. He laughed in the face of poverty, yet took 
 prudent and anxious care for those of his own household. 
 
 To his revered father he was a son indeed; to his 
 brothers and sisters he was a brother indeed. Who that 
 has been privileged to see it can ever forget the reverent 
 care which surrounded the aged and crippled father? 
 His was the scat of honor, the voice of autliority. To 
 the day of his death he ruled like a patriarch in the 
 household of his son. And wife and children — who shall 
 tread within the circle of their grief? With what brave 
 humor he took up the seeming burdens of life and bore 
 them so gladly that they ceased to be burdens and be- 
 came as precious adornments. 
 
 Born into the Metliodist Church, in all his jovial and 
 free commerce with the world he never wandered from 
 his Father's house. Nowhere did he appear to belter 
 advantage than in the councils of his church, and no- 
 where did he render more faithful service. In my own 
 town is a college, struggling upward from weakness iuio 
 strengtii — Morningside College. To no man after Bishop 
 Lewis does this growing foundation owe more than to 
 
 [76] 
 
Annrtr:ss or Mr. HrnnMio, ov Iowa 
 
 Jonathan P. Dolliver. Last fall, even as his body lay 
 waiting for the grave, there came a new era to the little 
 college, an era of expanding life under Luther A. Free- 
 man. At the inauguration of Dr. Freeman Senator Dol- 
 LivER was to speak. When his name was reached on the 
 program, the great audience rose with one impulse and 
 stood with tearful eyes, a blessing on their lips. His 
 memoi->' will linger long as a fragrance in those halls. 
 
 Judge Birdsall, Gilbert Haugen, and 1 spent a winter 
 with him here in Washington, dwelling in his house. We 
 called ourselves the Pirates. What boyish, simple fun we 
 had. And in the evening when the fire was blazing in 
 the grate, how prodigally he poured forth the riches of 
 his mind. How wide his reading. There seemed to be 
 no subject he had not studied, no theme he had not 
 pondered. 
 
 This was the year of the rate bill. Tiiere came to 
 Senator Dolliver, in the struggle over that bill, a broad- 
 ening vision, a fuller realization of the tremendous forces 
 at work upon a revolution in the life of the Republic. 
 Then for the first time he feared. Then for the first time 
 there dwelt upon his lips tiie phrase, afterwards so famil- 
 iar to the end, "the integrity, the freedom of the Ameri- 
 can market place." He saw the consolidation of the rail- 
 way, shop, and bank, of transportation, industry, and 
 finance, into one huge, overmastering system, dictating to 
 men and to communities the terms of living. Of course, 
 the people are masters if they will, but will they? Can 
 they endure the steady, unceasing, organized attack of 
 concenlralcd interests? Can they endure witli patience, 
 stand the brunt of hard times, go hungry, if need be, for 
 a principle, or will they, like .some huge, unwieldy animal 
 caught in the nets of the hunter, struggle wildly for a time 
 and then supinely yield to him who gives food— "bread 
 and circuses?" 
 
 [77] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Dolmver 
 
 I do him wrong if I depict any sudden, Saul-like conver- 
 sion to a new gospel. The railroad question was not new 
 to him. As he himself says : 
 
 The fact is, 1 livf in a comiiiunity which for -10 year.s has been 
 studying the railroad ([uestion. We got started in the study in the 
 time of Gov. Cyrus C Carpenter. He gave us a sentence in Iowa 
 that has been more upon the lips of our people than any other 
 political maxim, a phrase, if you please, " the skeleton in the 
 corncrib." 
 
 When in 190(5 Senator Dollivek had the figlil for the 
 rate bill he did it with the ripest knowledge and with a 
 matured and earnest purpose: 
 
 To prevent, with all the power that this Government has or can 
 acquire, those abuses which in 20 years have converted our mar- 
 ket place into an industrial oligarchy more powerful even than 
 the Government of the United States. 
 
 So with llu' tarlir debate he was upon no new ground; 
 no new question surprised him. He was the devoted fol- 
 lower of Blaine. He was the loving friend of William 
 iMcKinley. He had defended to the uttermost the Kasson 
 treaties when men's voices were dumb. He had spoken 
 in warning to deaf ears. Had the policies of Blaine and 
 McKinley, had the treaties of reciprocity negotiated 
 through them been honestly interpreted and honestly 
 maintained, we should not to-day have the tarilf ([uestion 
 agitating and vexing the business of the land. 1 was in 
 the Iowa Legislature when that body named him Senator. 
 1 heard his speech of acceptance. No one there present 
 can forget llie profound impression made by his deep 
 earnestness. 
 
 The design of protective tarilf laws — 
 
 He said — 
 
 is to prevent our home industries from being overborne by the 
 competition of foreign producers, and it may safely be said that 
 
 [78] 
 
AnnitKss ok Mk. Hibisahd. ok Iowa 
 
 no American factory making an unequal or even precarious fight 
 with its foreign rivals will ever look in vain for help and defense 
 to the people of Iowa. But we are not blind to the fact that in 
 many lines of industry larilf rates which in 1897 were reasonable 
 have already become unnecessary and even absurd. They remain 
 on the statute books not as a shield for the safety of domestic 
 labor, but as a weapon of offense against the American market 
 place itself. 
 
 That last sentence might stand as the text for his w lioh; 
 tariff contention. He came lo that grtat controversy 
 armed cap-a-pie, not so much in any new awakening as 
 in response to an aroused public opinion. He was in the 
 full maturity of his powers. No English-speaking orator 
 of his time was so equipped with every resource of his 
 art. The theme was one upon which he had meditated 
 long and earnestly. He had helped to frame the Dingley 
 tariff, and for many months before the extra session 
 began had studied every detail of the schedules. So 
 when the time for action came, no other man alive was 
 so well prepared. The months that followed revealed 
 him to his countrjmen as lie had not been known before. 
 The harvest time had come. The climax of it all was that 
 last great speech when he seemed to rise to prophetic 
 heights, wlien doubts vanished and faith reigned. He 
 cried ahjud with exultation: 
 
 For the day is coming — it is a good deal nearer than many 
 think — when a new sense of justice, new iiisijirations, new volun- 
 teer enthusiasms for good government shall taki- jiossession of 
 the hearts of all our people. The time is at hand when the laws 
 will be respected by great and small alike: when fabulous mil- 
 lions, piled hoard upon hoard, by cupidity and greed, pnd used 
 to finance the ostentations of modern life, shall be no longer a 
 badge c*en of distinction, but of discredit rather, and it may be 
 of disgrace; a good time coming, when this people shall so frame 
 their statutes as to i)rotect alike the enterprises of ricli and poor 
 in the greatest market place which God has ever given to His 
 
 [79] 
 
Mkmurial Addresses: Senator Dollivhr 
 
 children, and wliun tlie rule of justice, intrenched in the habits of 
 the whole community, will put away all unseemly fears of panic 
 and disaster when the enforcement of the laws is suggested by 
 the courts. It is a time nearer than we dare to think. A thou- 
 sand forces are making for it. It is the fruitage of these Chris- 
 tian centuries, the fulfillment of the prayers and dreams of the 
 men and women who have laid the foundations of this Common- 
 wealth and with infinite sacrifice maintained these institutions. 
 
 This was his swan song. A few weeks more and he lay 
 at rest among his loving and beloved people. So passed 
 this master of speech, this gentle, human, loving man, 
 with whom little children played, with whom his neigh- 
 bors joked and gossiped, toward whom a nation turned 
 with listening hearts. For him I refuse to mourn; rather 
 would 1 uplift a song of triumph, thanksgiving, and 
 praise. He hath fought the good fight. 
 
 [80] 
 
Address of Mr. Woods, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: This day has hccn scl apart to honor the 
 memoiy of Senator Jonathan Prentiss Dolliver, who, 
 though born of humble parentage, became one of the 
 mightiest forces in the Nation for better government and 
 the uplift of American citizens. 
 
 What may be said here to-day will add little to his 
 fame. If we can but call the attention of the American 
 youth to the great career of Senator Dolliver the day will 
 have been well spent. The record of his life will be an 
 inspiration to every boy in the Nation, whether among the 
 high or yet among the lowly and the poor. 
 
 Mr. Dolliver was born February G, 1858. His father, 
 Rev. James J. Dolliver, was a minister of the Methodist 
 Episcopal Church; his mother's maiden name was Eliza 
 Jane Brown. The place of Mr. Doi.i.ivek's birth was on a 
 farm a few miles from Kingwood, Preston County, W. Va. 
 When he was 12 years old the family moved to Morgan- 
 town, in tliat State, whore he attended the public schools. 
 He linished liis education in the L'niver.sity of West Vir- 
 ginia, graduating from that institution in 1875 at the age 
 of 17. After graduating fiotn (lie university he took up 
 the study of law and was admitted to the bar in 1878. 
 He then began looking about for a suitable location, 
 selecting the little city of Fort Dodge, Iowa, where the 
 hills, undulating back from llic i{iver Des Moines, were 
 an ever-pleasant reminder of liis early home. 
 
 Mr. DoLLiVKit hrouglit to his chosen Stale a |)urpose lo 
 succeed, a ciiaracler seasoned jjy the vicissitudes that 
 
 »3227*— 11 — 6 [81] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Doleiver 
 
 come to the families of ministers of the gospel in follow- 
 ing their calling in tlie sparsely settled districts, a strong 
 constitution, the result of clean living and the invigorat- 
 ing air of a mountain climate. Born on a farm, spending 
 his early hoyhood in the rough and hilly country, he 
 learned to love nature for its own sake. Little wonder 
 that later on in life his great speeches were filled with the 
 music of the songs of hirds and the ripple of the mountain 
 brooks. His nature partook of tliose early surroundings, 
 which supplied him with the many qualities that after- 
 wards gained for him national recognition, for there was 
 in his eloquence and word pictures the grandeur of the 
 mountain storm and the beauty of the valleys. In liis 
 home life ilowers bloomed in his conversation and the 
 clouds drifted away. 
 
 In the year 1878 he moved to the State of Iowa, the 
 soundest, sweetest, and most wholesome Commonwealth 
 in the American Union. From the moment ho arrived in 
 Fort Dodge until the day of his death, October 15, 1910, 
 Mr. DoLLivER was identified with everj' forward move- 
 ment. He endured and even enjoyed the hardships that 
 come to a young lawyer. In his case, as in the case of 
 others beginning tlie practice of law, he had plenty of 
 time to devote to the politics of his countj'. 
 
 He began at once to attract the attention of the men 
 who took an interest in government, not only for his 
 ability to speak but on account of llie soundness of liis 
 counsel. The beginning of his political career, however, 
 may be said to date from the time he was selected as 
 chairman of the Stale Republican convention in 1884. His 
 address to tlie delegates was widely commented on, and 
 from that lime forward he was in demand as a speaker 
 at political and patriotic gatherings. The prominence 
 thus given him resulted in his nomination and election 
 as a Member of the House of Representatives of llie 
 
 [82] 
 
Ai)i)Hi;ss oi' Mh. Woods, oi' Iowa 
 
 Fifty-first Congress. The broader field afTorded as a 
 Member of the lower House spurred him to put forth 
 his best efforts. A brilliant mind like Representative 
 Doi.LiVKR possessed required such a field not afforded in 
 any other avocation or single occupation. This was tlie 
 work he loved, the field he sought, and it became his life 
 work. Had his ambition been the building up of a great 
 fortune he would have attained his goal; had it been but 
 the quest of fame he could have been content to rest, for 
 his eloquence had already supplied him tliis. To Iiis 
 credit it must be said that these vanities had no attraction 
 for him — he took a broader and better view of life; he 
 labored only to serve his countn' and his fellow man, 
 and to solve, if possible, the economic problems that con- 
 front the Nation. Throwing all his energj' into his work 
 it is not to be wondered at that he soon made his influ- 
 ence felt in the House of Representatives, so that when a 
 vacancy occurred in the Senate Representative Dolliver_ 
 seemed to be the logical candidate. 
 
 On August 23, 1900, he was ajjpointed I'nited Slates 
 Senator to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Senator 
 Gear. His previous training in the House prepared him 
 to take up at once the work in the Senate. Constituted 
 as he was and coming from humble surroundings, he 
 worked and voted for the welfare of the common citizen, 
 not being blinded by ambition or personal success. Nat- 
 urally a student, he was necessarily a great reader, and 
 enjoyed not only the works of the masters of philosophy 
 and political economy, but he enjoyed as well the works 
 of fiction and the current comments of the magazine and 
 newspaper. In the Senate Chamber when Senator Doi.- 
 LIVER arose to speak there fell an expectant hush, and 
 even though the subject was of minor importance his 
 handling of the mutter, gilded with the touch of elo- 
 quence, made the driest (juestion of state entertaining. 
 
 [83] 
 
Mkmoiual Addresses: Senator Dom.iver 
 
 His quick wit and wide knowledge made him a master in 
 the verbal brushes and debates. He could stem and turn 
 the tide of argument by his ability to select the weak 
 points in his opponents, and could paint their position in 
 sucli a ridiculous light tliat he never failed to bring forth 
 applause. When matters of great moment were before 
 the country for decision Senator Dolliver set at once to 
 work to secure all available information, and viewed the 
 question from everj- standpoint before attempting its 
 solution. He was an untiring worker, and when he had 
 collected all his data and properly arranged it for sum- 
 ming up, it could be depended upon that when he pre- 
 sented it to the Senate that cvciy phase of the question 
 had been considered. It was not to the Senate alone, 
 however, that he spoke; the Nation was his audience 
 chamber and the 9(),()()(),000 Americans his auditors. 
 
 Being of a gonial disposition, he avoided all useless 
 arguments and controversies, and in questions of state 
 was slow to discuss the matter until thoroughly convinced 
 of the correctness of his position. When he had once 
 concluded the proper course to pursue he could not be 
 swerved, by friendship or other consideration, from his 
 purpose of championing the cause. While he felt keenly 
 any coldness on the part of his friends and their disap- 
 proval of his attitude, he never allowed that fact to lessen 
 his vigorous support of righteous legislation. I have 
 often beheld iiim during a debate on some great ques- 
 tion, like the tariff or transportation, when his whole 
 being would be summoned to action by the knowledge of 
 his own responsibility to see that justice was done; the 
 light of understanding was in his eye and righteous deter- 
 mination in his heart. His aim and endeavor was the 
 restoration and continuance of the power of the individ- 
 ual citizen, and to do right because it was right. He 
 accomplished much for the benefit of his countrymen 
 
 [84] 
 
Address of Mu. Woods, oi- Iowa 
 
 and the common people and endeavored to eradicate the 
 cause of inequality to the individual and make his coun- 
 Iry a place of equal opportunity and enjoyment of citizen- 
 ship to all. It has hcen remarked that Senator Dolliver 
 surely enjoyed the full measure of public honor, but I 
 believe that had he lived his country would have further 
 crowned his career with the highest honor that is within 
 the gift of the American i)eople. 
 
 In reviewing the life of Senator Dolliver and summing 
 up his career we are too apt to see but the public side of 
 the man and forget entirely his home life. Senator 
 Dolliver was married in hSi).") to Miss Louisa Pearson, and 
 to this union were born three children, Margaret, Frances, 
 and George Prentiss. I love to think of him in his home, 
 where, in the early evening with his family and in con- 
 versation with them, he would receive the inspiration for 
 his labors the following day. It was his habit, later in 
 the evening, to gather about him his books, the works of 
 masters and the humbler poets; there amid the solitude, 
 surrounded by these mute friends, his soul would receive 
 all the wonders of the creation of the human mind. And 
 thus at some future time in the Senate his memory, as 
 treasurer, was always ready to pay the drafts made upon 
 it in debate. 
 
 Not long ago T went down the Potomac River to Mount 
 Vernon, the last earthly home of George Washington. I 
 stood on the beautiful slope that rises up from the river, 
 and, while moved by tlie inspiring surroundings, I medi- 
 tated upon the great purposes and the splendid achieve- 
 ments of the departed President. I was impressed with 
 the maxim that the good that men do live after them. 
 On the southern hillside stands the tomb of Washington, 
 where his earthly remains have reposed for more than a 
 century. On the tomb are inscribed these words: 
 " Tiiough ye are dead, yet shall ye live." 
 
 [85] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Doij.iver 
 
 That motto could find no more substantial vindication 
 than the life of Washington, and no fitter epitaph could 
 be invented for his tomb. It embodies the spirit of fame, 
 the power of example, the permanence of achievement, 
 and the immortality of unselfislmess. The influences of 
 tlie nameless dead linger with us still; they sway and 
 direct our course by their precepts and examples. In the 
 moment of doubt we consult precedent, and precedent 
 is but the deeds of those who have gone before. 
 
 In the city of Fort Dodge they are building a monu- 
 ment to commemorate the great work Senator Dolliver 
 has done in behalf of the American Government and its 
 citizens, upon which I hope the sculptor will inscribe the 
 same epitaph as is upon the tomb of Washington, 
 " Though ye are dead, yet shall ye live." The people of 
 Iowa will always take pride in pointing to the life of 
 Senator Dom.iver as exemplary. I am glad they are 
 building that monument in his home city. Monuments, 
 however, are not needed to perpetuate his memory. The 
 work of his great, noble mind and heart will be unfor- 
 gotten when the monument above his resting place shall 
 have crumbled into dust. 
 
 Senator Jonathan Prentiss Dolliver has gone, his work 
 is finished, but the influences of his life will become more 
 and more potent for good. The world is better for his 
 having lived. In years to come, from his toil and sowing 
 the American people will garner a rich harvest. 
 
 [86] 
 
Address of Mr. Norris, of Nebraska 
 
 Mr. Si'Eakkr: The great Slate of Iowa gives praise to- 
 day to the memory of her honored son. And well she 
 may, for the fame of his brilliant career has brought 
 honor to the State he loved so well; and yet Senator 
 Doi.i.ivER belonged to us all. 
 
 When the news of his untimely taking off was flashed 
 across the wires every humble home in our broad land 
 lost a champion and every fireside a defender. His work 
 was national; his fame was world-wide, and, coming as 
 I do from the western plains far beyond the limits of his 
 adopted State, I bring to his bier a token of honor and 
 respect from those who knew him best for what he stood 
 and loved him most for what he did. We admired his 
 statesmansliip; we loved him for his |)atriotic courage; 
 we believed in his wisdom; we trusted liis fidelity; and 
 we would have gladly followed in his lead in every strug- 
 gle for the advancement of human rights and the preser- 
 vation of our liberties. We believed in his destiny, and 
 had he been spared to a grateful people, tlieir faith would 
 have placed liim at the helm and made him the Chief 
 Magistrate of our common country. 
 
 The record of his public service is known in every 
 humble home, and in the great West at many a hearth- 
 stone, as evening shadows fall and tlie little brood is 
 gathered around maternal knee to say the evening prayer, 
 
 [87] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 the childish heart is cheered anew to hear again from 
 mother's lips the story of Dolliver's life. He is gone, 
 but the lesson of his life is with us yet, and cverj' struggle 
 that he made in our behalf will still remain as shining 
 stars to guide aright the weai->' footsteps of those who 
 follow and those who are to come. 
 
 I saw him last just at the adjournment of the pre- 
 ceding session. He told me then that overwork had well- 
 nigh broken down his strength; and now it seems to me, 
 in looking back, that then he spoke in prophetic vision 
 when he said that unless he at once sought rest and quiet 
 his days on earth were numbered. He had been labor- 
 ing then through two almost continuous sessions with 
 unceasing toil, and well he knew that he had reached the 
 limit of human endurance. He had decided then to take 
 a well-earned rest and rebuild his wasted strength for 
 the work of the present session; but duty called and he 
 obeyed. He knew the danger of his course, but without 
 consideration for his own welfare or even his own life 
 he plunged into a vigorous campaign in defense of those 
 principles which he conscientiously believed to be right. 
 Witli labor unceasing and with courage undaunted he 
 boldly faced the danger that he well knew was liable to 
 bring the unanswerable summons that came too soon. 
 He sacrificed his life upon the altar of his country as 
 truly, as bravely, and as nobly as any knight who ever 
 faced a foe upon the field of battle. Overburdened with 
 the cares of state, on the topmost hill of life's pathway, 
 while the sun was still shining in the zenith, he laid his 
 burden down and sank to eternal rest. 
 
 It is sometimes diflicult for mortal man to understand 
 the wisdom of a mj'sterious Providence when such men 
 are stricken down at the noonday hour of life, and yet it 
 has been the fate of many of our most useful and illus- 
 trious men. It almost seems like a denial of justice to 
 
 [88] 
 
Addrkss 01- Mh. Xoiuiis, of Xi.uhaska 
 
 strike them down before they have heard the shouts of 
 triumph from those who follow and before they have 
 felt the crown of victory' upon the brow. But, after all, 
 when we consider the brief span of life's existence, 
 it matters but little whether the summons comes at 
 noon or wiufher it takes us off as the sun is sinking in 
 the west. 
 
 But whenever it does come, if we can look back over 
 the road we have trod and sec along the pathway the 
 flowers of love, of justice, and of mercy that have been 
 planted by our own hands to blossom and to bloom for 
 those who follow, then life siiall not have been lived in 
 vain. We can honor our illustrious dead most by living 
 the life they would have us lead and remaining true to the 
 principles for which they labored and for which they 
 died. These occasions arc not for the good of the dead, 
 but for the benefit of the living. In the face of death we 
 all realize our weakness. It is well for struggling mortals 
 to touch elbows around the open grave. It drives from 
 out the heart selfishness and greed, it frees the mind of 
 anger and of hate. It reminds us that in but a few days 
 we all must follow; that the rich, the poor, the small, the 
 great, must all meet upon the common level in answer to 
 the summons; and that after all life is too short to carry 
 in the heart any envy or ill-will against our fellow man. 
 It teaches the doctrine of the fatherhood of God and the 
 brotherhood of man, and standing here, as it were, beside 
 tlie open grave, with life's tenure unknown, but with 
 eternity in view, let me say: 
 
 When I am old — and O, how soon 
 Will life's sweet morning yield to noon, 
 And noon's broad, fervid, earnest light 
 Be shaded in the solemn night! 
 Till like a story well-nigh told 
 Will seem my life, when I am old. 
 
 [89] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Dolliver 
 
 When I am old — perhaps ere then 
 1 shall be missed from haunts of men; 
 Perhaps my dwelling will be found 
 Beneath the green and quiet mound; 
 My name by stranger hands enrolled 
 Among the dead — ere I am old. 
 
 Ere I am old, O let me give 
 
 My life to learning how to live! 
 
 Then shall I meet with willing heart 
 
 An early summons to depart, 
 
 Or find my lengthened days consoled 
 
 By God's sweet peace — when I am old. 
 
 [90] 
 
Address of Mr. Pickett, or Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: In the early eighties the countrj' school- 
 house campaign was at its height in Iowa. In those days 
 the farmer did not have the telephone or rural mail serv- 
 ice. He Nvas not taking the daily newspaper or magazine. 
 The family reading consiste<l of the weekly, which usually 
 did not devote an extravagant space to political affairs. 
 This made it necessary to carrj' the campaign into the 
 country precincts, and few were the schoolhouses, near 
 or remote, tliat did not have a meeting. It was a great 
 training school. Many of the noted men of Iowa — some 
 who have since sat in the Cabinet or occupied the Speak- 
 er's chair or stood with " The applause of listening Senates 
 to command" — commenced their public career in the 
 country scliooliiouse. 
 
 In the year in mind the managers of the Republican 
 Party in my home county heard of a young man in Fort 
 Dodge who had acquired some local reputation as a 
 speaker and secured him for a .scries of schoolhouse 
 speeches. Reports of the meetings reached the county 
 seat and created so much interest that a closing rally was 
 arranged for vSaturday niglit. 1 attended the meeting and 
 for the first time listened to llie matchless eloquence of 
 Jonathan P. Dolliver. 
 
 Soon after he was chosen temporary chairman of the 
 Republican State convention, and from tlie date of liis 
 speech delivered on that occasion his career may be said 
 to date. His rise to prominence was sudden, but his 
 tenure secure. How few the public men of to-day who 
 
 [91] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Doi.i.iver 
 
 can command an audience anywhere in our land and 
 how few of this number could do so 20 years ago. How 
 very few, in all our historj', whose hold on tlie public con- 
 tinued with increasing power for more than a decade. 
 Dolliver answered this test. Each year witnessed a 
 steady and certain growth. From his recorded speeches 
 you can trace the expanding intellect, the ripening wis- 
 dom, the accumulating knowledge, and increasing power 
 with which his career was characterized. 
 
 Dolliver's achievements as an orator may be attributed 
 to both natural endowment and personal attainment. 
 He was gifted with rare intellectual faculties, an un- 
 bounded faith, a picturesque imagination, a unique 
 humor, and, besides, had both a disposition and capacity 
 for work. He acquired a storehouse of information 
 along broad lines of history, science, biography, and lit- 
 erature. He was a student of social, economic, and po- 
 litical problems. He was unusually gifted in anecdote, 
 homely illustration, and personal reminiscence; and all 
 were so card-indexed in his memory that they seemed to 
 come forth without effort just at the right time. The 
 element of surprise was always present. You dwelt in 
 expectancy. He would pass in easy rapidity from the 
 most common and grotesque illustration to classic refer- 
 ence or philosophic observation. In this respect he was 
 the same in private conversation as in public address. 
 
 During the latter years of his service he gave more 
 attention to debate — the greatest crucible of a speaker's 
 powers and resources — for then the moorings are severed 
 and you must stand alone. Doi. liver's success in the 
 forensic arena surprised even his friends. It was there 
 that all of his natural and acquired resources were 
 brought into play. He was equipped with the weapons 
 of attack and defense. His dehalis during the first and 
 second sessions of the Sixty-first Congress will be historic. 
 
 [92] 
 
Ai)i)Hi;ss oi Mm. PicivLrr, oi- Iowa 
 
 Even his opponents and those against whom his attacks 
 were directed admit liis claims to greatness. 
 
 The purposes of this lioiir do not i)ermit an extended 
 analysis of the varied ikinenls \\liich merged in the 
 ultimate fact of his power eiliier as a dehater or platform 
 orator. His power could only he appreciated by those 
 who came under its immediate presence, for in action 
 his whole being seemed a part of his spoken word. 
 
 Pure and eloquent IjIooiI 
 
 Spoke in his check, and so distinctly wrought 
 
 That one might almost say his body thought. 
 
 The late Senator Ingalls may have surpassed him in 
 satire and invective; Tom Con\'in, in humor; Wendell 
 Phillips, in sustained strains of lofty patriotic appeal; 
 Webster, in the depth and profundity of his reasoning; 
 but in tiie peculiar blending of all these various attributes 
 DoLLivER stands alone. He had no predecessor, and con- 
 temporary oratory discloses no successor. 
 
 It is impossible to measure the influence exerted by 
 the orator. The writer can be judged by his books, the 
 jurist by his decisions, the statesman by his measures, 
 but the influence exerted by the orator is intangible. He 
 appears before the crowded auditorium for an hour or 
 so, passes on, and no one can tell how many have felt 
 the impress of some new thought, some new hope; how 
 many have been inspired to better things, or gathered 
 new courage to go forth and bafllc for the right. Each 
 life has but few intense moments, but in those few mo- 
 ments there is a rebirth whose influence goes on and on. 
 
 In tiie addresses of Senator Doi.i.ivkk there was a vein 
 of optimism. His buoyant r:iilli forbade the contrary. 
 It was natural for him to look upon the l)iiglit side. He 
 had a eheerfu! and hopeful pliilos()|)liy of life, and this 
 was radiated in whatever circle he moved. There was 
 
 [93] 
 
JNIemorial Addresses: Senator Dolliveh 
 
 nothing depressing in his message, and this was par- 
 ticularly true when addressing young people, the boys 
 and girls who were concluding their high school or uni- 
 versity course, for on such occasions he transmitted to 
 the minds and hearts of his young hearers a spirit of 
 gratitude for the possibilities of our free institutions, in- 
 spired confidence to go forth into the battle of life, and 
 held out to each and all the goal which could be attained 
 through lives of virtue, industry, and courage. 
 
 To hear Dolliver was a stimulus for higher culture, 
 better citizenship, and purer ideals of government. With 
 him patriotism was almost a passion — palriolisni in its 
 broad and noble sense, that which stands for righteous- 
 ness in public as well as private affairs. Viewed from 
 this standpoint, who can estimate or measure the influ- 
 ence he exerted on society? 
 
 Others who have been associated with him during his 
 career in the House, as well as in the Senate, have spoken 
 of his public service as a legislator. He stood for justice; 
 he fought for good government; he championed the cause 
 of the people and of humanity in the broadest sense; he 
 pleaded for that equality of opportunity which wcnild 
 plant the seed of hope in the humblest heart. In the 
 storm center of controversy he stood erect. He was one 
 of the central figures in an epoch-making period of our 
 historj' and played a conspicuous part in the considera- 
 tion of its important constructive legislation. " His name 
 is enrolled in llic Capitol," and no words of mine can 
 add luster to his fame. It is sufiicient to say that when 
 some future historian writes the story of these times the 
 name of Jon.xthan Prentiss Dolliver will be given a 
 notable place. 
 
 Dolliver loved his adopted State and was beloved by it. 
 Few men in the histor>' of Iowa have been held in such 
 affectionate regard. The reason for this lay not so much 
 
 [94] 
 
Addkess of Mr. Pickkit, oi Iowa 
 
 in his public service and achievements iis in his uiuK lin- 
 able personality. He had a cordial f^rccting and hearty 
 handclasp for all. He was easy of approach. Around 
 him was no self-imposed barricade. He lived in the 
 open. He iiad a guest chamber reserved for all who 
 sought till' iiospitality of his friendship. There was ever 
 an outcropping of boyish good feeling. Kindliness 
 breatlied in his words and was reflected in his manner. 
 He did not cherish hatred, but used the strength thus 
 saved as a magnet to draw his friends closer. His con- 
 tests left no personal sting. Out of the bitterness of con- 
 troversies arose the charity of the generous foe. Victory 
 did not conceit him, nor defeat disturb his equipoise. 
 
 He was a many-sided man. He loved the varied 
 phases of life. He was at home either in the drawing- 
 room or tlic countn*- store, in the marble halls of state or 
 the cornfields of Iowa, with tlie greatest scliolars, divines, 
 and leaders of our time, or the unlettered fisherman, or 
 the lowly workman with face and hands begrimed with 
 honest toil, and responded with equal interest to every 
 environment. He was genuinely and intensely human. 
 
 No one could know the filial love and reverence of 
 DoLLivER for his venerable father, and liis devotion to 
 wife, children, brothers, sisters, and friends, without for- 
 getting all oilier tilings in admiration of these qualities 
 of tile man. Tiiese things were known to the people of 
 Iowa. They are the real basis of riiciidship and love and 
 faithful followers. These qualities shone to best advan- 
 tage wiien alone with his friends, " the worh.l forgetting, 
 by the world forgot." It is in such moments that the 
 soul feels and the mind thinks aloud. 
 
 Dolliver's inheritance and early training shaped his 
 life. He was born in Virginia during the days when 
 it was the border line between tlie two great contending 
 forces of this country over the greatest moral issue of 
 
 [95] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Dolliver 
 
 the age. His father was a Methodist minister — a circuit 
 rider of the old days — and had that simple and intense 
 faith of which apostles are made. Dolliver inherited 
 these traits. He was strongly religious in the broad 
 sense, and faith seemed to be his guiding star, and to tliis 
 many of his friends attribute his success. 
 
 A short time before his death he was walking in the 
 evening with one of his closest friends over the farm 
 whose hills and fields and trees he loved so well, and 
 where he sought refuge from the many pressing cares of 
 public life. He was conversing in all the abandonment 
 of confiding friendship, when suddenly he paused and, 
 turning to his friend, said: " Do you know the most beau- 
 tiful thing that was ever written? I'll tell you what it is: 
 
 "Sunset and evening star, 
 
 And one clear call for me I 
 And may there be no moaning of the bar 
 When I put out to sea. 
 
 "Twilight and evening bell, 
 And after that the dark! 
 And may there be no sadness of farewell 
 When I embark; 
 
 "For though from out our bourn of time and place 
 The flood may bear me far, 
 I hope to see my Pilot face to face 
 When I have crossed the bar," 
 
 Recalling this scene afterwards, his friend remarked 
 that it seemed as though he must have felt at that time 
 the shadows gathering about him. 
 
 I shall never forget the scene at the grave side of DoL- 
 LrvER. It was a cold, rainy, drear October day. It 
 seemed as though nature itself was in mourning. At the 
 coiulusion of tlu- simple burial service Mrs. Dolliver, 
 stepping to the side of Bisiiop McDowell, asked him to 
 
 . [96] 
 
Ai)i)Hi:ss or Mh. Pickkit, or Iowa 
 
 lead in singing the hymn "We shall Meet in the Sweet 
 By and By," and as he did so Mrs. Doliivcr and the 
 brother and sister and other members of the family and 
 then the friends who had gathered there joined in the 
 singing. As the sad and broken-hearted circle stood 
 around the grave with its lowering casket laden with 
 loving flowers at the moment of final parting with all 
 that was mortal of the loved husband, father, brother, 
 and friend, the words of that beautiful, hopeful, and con- 
 soling hymn, borne on voices bathed with tears and 
 freighted with grief, created an impression on my mind 
 wliich time can never efface. It told better tlian any 
 words can describe that indefinable faith which was the 
 sustaining power and consolation of the Dolliver family, 
 for only such a faith could sing such a song under such 
 circumstances. It robbed the grave of its terrors, when 
 faith lifted our eyes to the reunion when " we shall meet 
 in the sweet by and by." 
 
 n32-J7'— II 7 [97] 
 
Address or Mr. Kennedy, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: This is the second lime in a period of two 
 years that our delegation has assembled to pay a tribute 
 of respect to a deceased Senator of our State. On a for- 
 mer occasion we met to commemorate the life and service 
 to the Nation of the late Senator Allison, whose death 
 came at a ripe old age after a period of ill health, and 
 his death was not unexpected. To-day we are here for a 
 similar purpose — to pay a tribute of respect to the late 
 Senator Dollivek, whose sudden and unexpected death 
 came as a blow to the people of the State and Nation at a 
 time when the eyes of the public were focused on him as 
 a commanding figure in the United States Senate, a posi- 
 tion attained by his unusual ability and industry. 
 
 Senator Doluver was not a native of Iowa; he was 
 reared in West Virginia, where he secured his education, 
 finishing in the university of that State. He then moved 
 to F'ort Dodge, where he engaged in the practice of law 
 and where he lived up to the time of his death. 
 
 It was fitting that the end should come amid scenes so 
 dear to him, surrounded by people all of whom were his 
 friends, who had seen him rise from the obscurity of a 
 young Ia\vyer to the highest position witliln Uie gift of the 
 State. 
 
 His public career started at an early age; he had not 
 been long in Iowa until the opportunity offered to show 
 his power as a speaker. He was chosen temporary chair- 
 man of a State convention, and his address on (luit occa- 
 sion demonstrated his power as a speaker and paved the 
 way for his future political success. 
 
 [98] 
 
Ai)i)Hi:ss oi Mii. Kf,.nm;i)Y, oi Iowa 
 
 Senator Dolliver's services in Congress covered a period 
 of some 20 years, 10 of wiilcli wore as a Member of (liis 
 body, where he was loved and esteemed for his genial, 
 companionable disposition and a<hiiired for his skill and 
 ability as a debater. On the death of Senator Gear lie 
 was chosen to fill the vacancj', where he served witli dis- 
 tinction until the time of his death. 
 
 He first attracted national attention when lie toured the 
 country in tiie campaign of 1881, speaking from the same 
 platform with Gen. Logan, who was in that campaign a 
 candidate for Vice President. Since lluit lime he partici- 
 pated in every campaign and spoke in all parts of the 
 countrj'. He was known to tlie people of the country at 
 large as an orator of unusual eloquence and a debater of 
 great skill, but to those who enjoy d the pleasure of a 
 personal acquaintance he disclosed many distinguishing 
 characteristics. He was an optimist in its fullest sense 
 and always looked on the bright side of things. His 
 bright sayings and humor enlivened any company in 
 which he might be thrown. These traits made him most 
 companionable and endeared him to all who were fortu- 
 nate enough to enjoy his friendship. He was proud of 
 Iowa, and her people loved and honored him, and all join 
 in deploring his untimely deatJi. 
 
 [SJTj 
 
Address of Mr. Lenroot, of Wisconsin 
 
 Mr. Speaker: It is the custom of the House and Senate 
 to eulogize their Menihcrs who have passed away. It is 
 the custom to speak nothing hut good of the dead, and 
 pay tribute to the qualities which endeared them to us 
 in life. In speaking of Senator Dolliver, however, the 
 highest tribute that language can express is merited to 
 the last degree. Because he lived, the door of oppor- 
 tunity is opened a little wider for everj' American boy. 
 The future is a little brighter for every man who earns 
 his bread by honest toil. He was a tower of strc iigth to 
 the cause of a " government of and by and for the peo- 
 ple." One of our greatest orators, a man of remarkable 
 intellectual ability, an indefatigable worker, devoting 
 his talents to the service of his country, we shall not soon 
 see his like again. 
 
 The last years of his life were his best years — years full 
 of unselfish service for the public good. He felt weighing 
 heavily upon him the burdens of 90,000,000 of people. 
 With keen vision he saw " the wrongs that round us lie " 
 in our national and social life, and with untiring energ>-. 
 with a zeal like unto that of tiie Apostles of old. he souglit 
 to correct them. He saw that this Republic could not 
 endure unless the doctrine of eipiality of opportunity for 
 all men .shall again become one of its chief foundation 
 stones. Because of Doi.mver's life politics are to-day 
 upon a higher level, and the coming of that day is 
 hastened — 
 
 When v;\ch man seeks liis own in all men's good, 
 .\n(l all men work in noble brotherhood. 
 
 flOO? 
 
Ai)i)Hr:ss (Ji Mh. Licnhoot, of Wisconsin 
 
 DoLLiVER was not ;i pessimist. He was not a jjainter of 
 dark pictiins of our future. On the contrary, he saw a 
 hrigliter and better day coming than had ever been 
 known — a day when this should be in a greater degree 
 than ever before a hind of equal opportunity, where all 
 would share in the fruits of our prosperity according to 
 their merits and habits of industry'. 
 
 In his last great speecli in the Senate, last .Tune, he gave 
 expression to this in these words, which have already 
 been quoted by Judge Hubbard, but they will bear 
 repetition: 
 
 The day is coming — it is a good deal nearer than many think — 
 when a new sense of justice, new inspirations, new vohmteer 
 enthusiasms for good government shall take i)ossession of the 
 hearts of all our people. The time is at hand when the laws will 
 be respected by great and small alike; when fabulous millions 
 piled hoard upon hoard by cupidity and greed and used to finance 
 the ostentations of modern life shall be no longer a badge even of 
 distinction but of discredit rather, and it may be of disgrace; 
 a good time coming, when this people shall so frame their statutes 
 as to protect alike the enterprises of rich and poor in the greatest 
 market place which God has ever given to His ciiildren, and when 
 the rule of justice, intrenched in the habits of Ihe whole com- 
 munity, will put away all unsecmlj- fears of jjanic and disaster, 
 when the enforcement of the laws is suggested by the courts. It 
 is a time nearer than we dare to think. \ thousand forces are 
 making for if. It is the fruitage of these Christian centuries, the 
 fulfillment of the prayers and dreams of the men and women who 
 have laid the foundations of this (^ommonweallh and with infinite 
 sacrifice maintained these institutions. 
 
 DoLLivEB was not a rich man, but he left to his family 
 and his countrA-men a heritage more to be prized than 
 dollars counted in millions — a record of service to his 
 fellow men. Hy his life it has been proven again, as it 
 has so many times in the i)asl, tli.il - 
 
 A good name is rather to be chosen than git at riches, 
 And loving favour rather tlian silver or gold. 
 
 [101] 
 
Memoiuai. Addressks: Senator Doi.i.iver 
 
 During the memorable tariflf session of 1909 I had occa- 
 sion to know sometliing of Senator Dolliver's work. I 
 had occasion to know that ho and that little group of 
 Senators associated with him were giving their very lives 
 to the public service. During those sultrj' summer days 
 they fought the people's battles during the day in the 
 Senate, and after adjournment worked far into the night 
 and even until morning preparing for the next day's 
 struggle. They gave no thought to personal health or 
 convenience. They were " soldiers of the common good," 
 fighting for the public welfare with as much courage, 
 with as much self-sacrifice, aye, with as much danger as 
 the warrior patriot who faces the cannon's mouth upon 
 the field of battle. 
 
 The struggle of that session and the succeeding one 
 undermined Dolliver's health and he is dead, sacrificing 
 his life for his countiy as truly as any who died upon 
 Bunker Hill or the field of Gettysburg. 
 
 In Senator Dolliver the country has lost a great states- 
 man, a valiant soldier for the common welfare, and those 
 of us who were privileged to know him have lost a per- 
 sonal friend. 
 
 II is not gold, but only nian 
 
 Can make a pcopU- great and strong. 
 Men who for truth and honor's sake 
 
 Stand last and suffer long. 
 Brave men who work while others sleep. 
 
 Who dare while others fly, 
 These huild a nation's pillars deep 
 
 And lift them to the sky. 
 
 Such a man was Dolliver. and of such is the Kingdom 
 of Heaven. 
 
 [102] 
 
Address of Mr. Kendall, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Si'e.\ker: There are occasions in liuniaii experience 
 when the heart so overflows witli sadness that it is difh- 
 cult for the li])s to perform their ordinaiy office. I am 
 oppressed hy such emharrassnient at this hour when I 
 undertake to render appropriate euhigiuni upon the life 
 and character of the departed friend to whom I was so 
 devotedly attached. 
 
 DoLLivER is dead. His removal, just wlien opportunity 
 for a larger and a nohler usefulness than any he had i)re- 
 viously enjoyed opened with such assured promise before 
 him, was a tragedy inconceivably sorrowful. The cruel 
 billows roared his sunken ship as he entered mid-ocean, 
 in the happiest, sunniest hour of all his voyage, and the 
 imperial Commonwealth wliidi delighted to decorate him 
 witli the rarest distinctions it had to confer is involved in 
 inconsolable bereavement. For Iowa loved the man. 
 He was her favorite son. Others are secure in her 
 affectionate regard, but only Dollivi-h. the foremost ora-- 
 tor in tiie world, was enshrined in the innermost recesses 
 of her loyal heart. 
 
 He came to lur in his early youth, an obscure stranger, 
 uncouth and unsoi)Iiisticafed. from tlie mountain coun- 
 try of the Old Dominion. Hut he was not long destined 
 to remain unknown. The State first became acquainted 
 with him in 1881, when, at llic aiiiuuil convention of our 
 party, he introchiced l^imself to the consideration of the 
 people in a pliiiippic of sucli marvelous effectiveness that 
 it is cherished yet as a masterpiece of controversial litera- 
 
 [1031 
 
Mkmorial Adoressks ; Sknatoh Doi.livkr 
 
 ture. A mere boy, I listened entranced by his fascinating 
 eloquence, and cheered myself hoarse in the tremendous 
 applause which approved his transcendent periods. It 
 was a day of political delirium. Blaine was a candithite 
 for the Presidency, and his adherents, overwhelmingly in 
 the majority in Iowa, were inspired with a passionate 
 abandon which has never since been equaled in our party 
 contests. It was an epoch when extreme partisan convic- 
 tion announced itself in extravagant public expression. 
 One of the picturesque phrases in that wonderful address 
 is in my menioiy at this moment: "When slavery died, 
 the Democratic Party was too old to marry again." The 
 dramatic scene which ensued is as vividly before me as 
 though it had been enacted yesterday. The brilliant 
 epigram appealing to emotions alreadj^ aroused to inten- 
 sity, the assembled thousands hysterical with rapturous 
 excitement, and Dolmver, the impersonation of immeas- 
 urable energy, the apotheosis of infinite power! 
 
 From that moment to his death his career was a 
 matter of common concern, and it was a series of unin- 
 terrupted triumphs. In each recurring campaign he 
 traversed the Republic from boundary to boundary, sum- 
 moning the hosts of patriotism to renew their allegiance 
 at the fountains of enthusiasm. He became at once the 
 most conspicuous and interesting figure in the national 
 arena. He was welcomed everjwhere — from Maine to 
 California — and everywhere the multitudes responded 
 captive to his persuasive speech. In 1888 he was elected 
 to this House, and after 13 years of distinguished service 
 here he was transferred to the Senate of the I'nited 
 States, where he continued with increasing influence 
 until the pallid messenger beckoned him to depart. 
 
 His eminent record in official station is familiar to his 
 countrA-men, and to them it is bequeathed as an ines- 
 timable heritage. I can not embark upon its detailed 
 
 [104] 
 
.\iiiiiii;ss 01 Mii. Kkndall, or Iowa 
 
 analysis now. Wo do not forget the qualities in which 
 he was so unapproachcd, his learning so unusual in its 
 variety, his intellect so unexcelled in its resources, his 
 statesmanship so exceptional in its IVuitfulness, his ora- 
 tory so incomparable in its invective, his humor so irre- 
 sistible in its satire; but now tliat he is finally and irrev- 
 ocably gone, what we most remember was his integrity 
 of heart under the temptations of preferment, his sim- 
 plicity of soul under tiie bhmdislunents of ambition, his 
 serenity of spirit under the aspersions of criticism, his 
 unselfisli consecration to the service of his fellow men. 
 From a private soldier in the ranks of conservatism he 
 was evolved by the shock of battle into a principal 
 trumpeter in the army of righteousness. Mis endowment 
 was unprecedented, and he dedicated it all without reser- 
 vation to the welfare of his people. He despised the wrong, 
 no matter how formidably intrenched, and he exalted 
 the right, no matter how seriously beleaguered. He loved 
 his countrj', her histon,-, her institutions, her citizenship; 
 and he sacrificed himself to the uttermost for the estab- 
 lishment of her prosperity and honor. And just when 
 wider avenues of en(hiring achievement invited iiim, the 
 Divine Omnipotence called him home. He believed im- 
 plicitly in the inspiration of the Scriptures, in tlie atone- 
 ment thnnigh faith, and in the life everlasting. In the 
 cliastened sweetness of this memorial liour we can not 
 doubt that as the dutiful son, the devoted husband, the 
 indulgent father crossed lo llic liourn from wliieh no 
 traveler returns, his weary ears were gladdened by the 
 triumi)liant benediction of the great Master, "Well done, 
 thou good and faithful servant, enter into the joy of thy 
 Lord." 
 
 [105] 
 
Address of Mr. Hum., or Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: I desire to add a word to the mcmorj- of 
 the man I knew so well, and one for whom 1 have so pro- 
 found an admiration. I knew Senator Dolliver before 
 the great speech at the State convention that made him 
 famous throughout the Nation. As a young man, after 
 his fast start in the local politics at Fort Dodge, his fame 
 widened more rapidly than that of any man I have ever 
 known in public life. To my mind his life furnishes 
 another of the splendid examples of what can be accom- 
 plished in this country by the young man who is true to 
 his own interests and labois for the advancement and 
 upbuilding of what he believes to be for the good of the 
 people. He had ab.solutely none of the powerful aids 
 which sometimes push a young man forward. As has 
 been said, his fatlier was a Methoiiisl circuit rider in the 
 mountains of West Virginia. He worked his own way 
 through college, he worked his own way through the study 
 of law, taught school, or accepted any humble employ- 
 ment that came to his liand by which he maintained his 
 own independence and his own self-respect. From these 
 humble beginnings lie came to be, at the early age of 52, 
 a commanding figure in the national life of this great 
 Republic. 
 
 But, Mr. Speaker, I want to speak of him more as a 
 young man. When 1 first knew him it looked as if he 
 had before him a long life, with his siileruhd physique 
 and excellent habits. As a young man lie had the power 
 of winning men, of winning to himself the coniidence 
 
 [106] 
 
Anniucss oi' Mn. Hi i.i., oi' low \ 
 
 and affection of the older public nion of Iowa of that day. 
 His relationship to Gov. Carpenter was referred to by 
 the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. Clark]. Gov. Car- 
 penter was one of the men Iowa deligiited to honor. Mr. 
 DoLMVER was a citizen of Fort Dodge, and when Gov. 
 Carpenter was occupying the executive chair he was all 
 the time looking to the ui)biiil(ling of the younger men of 
 the State, and he was the friend that did more to pro- 
 mote the early interests of Jon.\tiian P. Doi.liver than 
 any other man in Iowa. And Doli.ivi:h won to himself 
 the affectionate regard of all the older men and never 
 aroused the jealousy of the younger. He won friends 
 and kept them, and to me, as be passed from one ad- 
 vancement to another, and to his other friends in Iowa 
 older than lie, there was a cause of congratulation and 
 rejoicing tliat honors came to him. 
 
 Tiiere was a time in his life, in 1900, when the Presi- 
 dency was in his reach; and if he had been a self-seeking 
 man, if he had pushed his own fortunes, if he had backed 
 up the President of the United States, William McKinley, 
 and his great pojitical manager, Mark Hanna, in their 
 desire to iiave him for the Vice Presidency, I do not be- 
 lieve that any power could Ikivc pr('\ ciilcd his being Vice 
 President, and stepping up from that place, when the great 
 President passed beyond, into tiie highest office of the 
 Republic. Those of us who knew Jonathan P. Doixiver 
 have tile (irm belief that he would have discharged the 
 duties of thai liigh otlice so as to merit the plaudits of the 
 entire American people. He was a Repuljlican. He was 
 on purel)' party questions a partisan, but he was beyond 
 that a man that loved his fellow man. There is no man 
 of the opposite party wlio ever charged Jonathan P. 
 Doi.i.ivER with doing iiim or his party any wrong. He 
 met in fair ik'bate all comers and, as lias l)eeii said by the 
 gentleman from Missouri [Mr. Clark], the last years of 
 
 [1071 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolmver 
 
 his life disclosed the fact that as a debater he ranked 
 among the very best this country has ever produced. 
 
 I want to say further, Mr. Speaker, that Jonathan P. 
 Dolliver's success was not an accident. He was a close 
 student all his life. In his younger days he laid the 
 foundation of a broad culture so deep and well that when 
 he builded the superstructure he had a fund to draw upon 
 that was practically inexhaustible. No speech of his, no 
 great effort of his was ever given to the public until it 
 had passed through his great mind and had been revised 
 and corrected and improved until it met the high criti- 
 cism of his own judgment as something ready to give to 
 the public. 1 know that in many cases men are misled 
 with the belief that great men make but little preparation 
 and speak out of the abundance of their great ability. 
 No gi'eater wrong can come to the young than to have that 
 idea. There is no excellence without labor. Jonathan 
 P. Dolliver reached the highest excellence in his chosen 
 walk of life because he shrank from no labor. 
 
 Mr. Speaker, if is a matter of great regret to many of 
 his lifelong friends that the closing days of his life were 
 somewhat embittered by the factional fights engendered 
 in this country, but as the storj' of the past shall grow 
 more dim, as the passions shall pass away, and the his- 
 tory of his time and life be written, there will be notliing 
 to mar its perfect symmetry, notliing to cast the shadow 
 upon his memory or his name. He was beloved in life 
 and his memory will be cherished by those that live now 
 and knew him, and his family will receive from the good 
 people of Iowa and of the Nation the sympathy fliat 
 should go to them, bereaved of this great husband and 
 father and citizen and patriot. 
 
 [108] 
 
Address of Mr. Sulzer, of New York 
 
 Mr. Speaker: It was my good fortune to know Senator 
 DoLi.ivEK long and intimately. He and I were friends 
 for many years, and his unexpected death was a great 
 shock to me personally as well as a national loss to all 
 the people of our counln.-. Hence, on this memorable 
 occasion I desire to place on record my sincere tribute 
 to the memory of my friend and to say a few simple 
 words regarding his life, iiis character, and his great 
 I)iiblic services to the Republic. 
 
 JoNATHA.N Prentiss Doli.ivek was horn near Kingwood, 
 Preston County, Va. (now West Virginia), February 6, 
 18.")8; graduated in 187.^ from the West Virginia Uni- 
 versity; was admitted to the bar in 1878; never held any 
 political oflice until elected to the Fifty-first Congress 
 as a Representative from the Tenth Congressional Dis- 
 trict of Iowa; was a Member of the House also in the 
 Fifty-second, Fifty-third, Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and 
 Fifty-sixth Congresses; on .\ugust 2.3, 1!)()0, was appointed 
 United Slates Senator to fill tiie vacancy caused by the 
 death of Hon. J. H. Gear; was elected .Ianuar>' 21, 1902, 
 to succeed himself; and ni Icclcd in 1907. Had he lived, 
 his term of service would have expired on March 3, 1913. 
 Such, in brief, is the record of this noble man and dis- 
 tinguislicd public servant, whose untimely death we 
 mourn to-day. 
 
 Senator Doi.i.iver was a true man, a 1()\(t of justice, a 
 believer in tiic supremacy of law, a friend of tlie cause 
 
 [1091 
 
Memorial ADmu;ssKs: Si;\at(ih Ddii.i 
 
 \I.H 
 
 that lacked assistance. He stood for the principles of 
 right, for fair play, and believed in the equal oppor- 
 tunity vouchsafed to everj-one under the dome of the 
 Union sky. He was an optimist — no skeptic, no scoffer, 
 no cynic. He was broad and liberal in his views, had 
 chanty for all, trusted the people, and never lost faith 
 in himianity. He believed the world was growing better. 
 He knew himself, believed in the destiny of the Republic, 
 and made the corner stone of his convictions that great 
 cardinal principle — equal rights to all, special privileges 
 to no one. 
 
 He hated cant and despised hypocrisy. He had no use 
 for a trickster, a trimmer, or a trader. He had a sun- 
 shiny, genial disposition and a forgiving spirit that never 
 harbored revenge. He had true elocpience and was one 
 of the most effective orators of his lime. He was a plain, 
 simple man wlio loved mankind. He was an indulgent 
 father, a loving husband, and a faithful friend. He will 
 live in the hearts of those he left behind, and to do this is 
 not to die. He was an indefatigable worker and suc- 
 ceeded in accomplishing what he undertook to do. lie 
 met Napoleon's test — he did things. He was a true friend 
 of the plain people, the implacable foe of private nionop- 
 ol}', of discriminating legislation that robs tlie many for 
 the benefit of the few, and he made llie Constitution the 
 north star of his political life. He was the fearless cham- 
 pion of the oppressed and lived for the good tliat he 
 could do. He tried to lift his fellow man up to a iiigher 
 plane and help him forward on the highway of progress 
 and of civilization. He was a fearless man, and ever 
 dared to do what he thought was right regardless of con- 
 sequences. He was a faithful public ofticial and died in 
 the service of his countiy. 
 
 Senator Doli.iver's work is done. His career on eartli 
 is finished. He has run liis course; he kept the faith; he 
 
 :iio] 
 
ADOKiiss OF M». Sii.zKu, OF New Yokk 
 
 fought the good fight; he has reaped his oveHasting re- 
 ward in the great beyond, mikI we, his friends, can all 
 say InithruUy, well done thou good and faithful servant, 
 a grateful people will ever keep tliy memory green. 
 
 In halls of state he stood for many years 
 Like fabled knight, his visage all aglow, 
 Receiving, giving sternly, blow for blow. 
 Champion of right! But from eternity's far shore 
 'I'hy spirit will return to join the strife no more. 
 Rest, citizen, statesman, rest; thy troubled life is o'er. 
 
 run 
 
Address of Mr. Dawson, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: In the untimely death of Senator J. P. 
 DoLLivER Iowa loses one of her most faithful and devoted 
 public servants, the Senate its most powerful debater, the 
 Nation a patriotic and fearless leader, and humanity an 
 advocate who was untiring in his zeal for its welfare and 
 betterment. Stricken at the zenith of his power as an 
 orator and statesman, his death at the early age of 52 
 years is greatly to be lamented, and his memory will long 
 be revered not only by the people of Iowa, but of the 
 Nation generally. 
 
 The life story of Senator Dolliver is an inspiration to 
 the youth of the land, who will gain strength and courage 
 from a knowledge of the struggles and the triumphs of 
 this young man, who rose from the obscurity of poverty 
 and by the force of character and intellect au<l industry 
 won his way to a commanding position in the Congress 
 of the United States and to an eminence that exerted a 
 powerful iuduencc on the public thought of the age. 
 
 His early life was a struggle against adversity. After 
 his graduation from the University of West Virginia, at 
 the age of 17, he came west and applied for one of the 
 rural schools in Dekalb County. 111. While waiting the 
 decision of the school board he occupied his liuu' work- 
 ing on a farm, and it is related that when the board 
 sought him to discuss his eiuploynuiit as teacher they 
 found him at work digging |)()laloes, barefootecl and clad 
 in a pair of overalls. During the two years of his career 
 
 [112] 
 
Address oi' Mh. Dxwson. oi lowx 
 
 as a ttachor liis spare moments were employed in read- 
 ing law, and in 1878 the future Senator and his older 
 brother decided tc locate at Fort Dodge, Iowa, and open 
 a law office. 
 
 Clients were few and far between, and llie law firm 
 led a i)recarioiis existence. I recall a vivid description 
 of tiieir early struggles by the Senator himself, ".\fter 
 we had given the landlady our last cent," he said, "we 
 removed our personal belongings to the law oflice, where 
 we slept on the floor and did our own cooking." By and 
 by ills brotlur gave u|) tlie figiit and icturned to the old 
 home in West Virginia to enter the ministry. Then, to 
 quote the Senator's own words: 
 
 I was left alone. I had no money. Once I worl<ed on tlie 
 public road for si. 50 a day. But I kept cheerful, and in the 
 evenings I would go down (o the drug store and talk politics. 
 Unexpectedly I was noniinalcd and elected corporation counsel at 
 a salary of .'?200 a year. Might there I ceased to be an inter- 
 mittent day laborer on the streets, and thereafter Fort Dodge 
 knew nie only as a lawyer. 
 
 .\t tlie age of 26 he leaped into political prominence by 
 a speech as temporary chairman of tlie Heiiubiican State 
 convention of Iowa, held in the spring of 1884. That 
 speech attracted national attention, and as a result of it 
 he bore a conspicuous part in the memorable presidential 
 camjiaign of that year, traveling for a time and speaking 
 with James G. Blaine. Four years later, in 1888. he was 
 chosen to represent the tenth congressional district of 
 Iowa in this House, and for more than 10 years he was a 
 Member of this body. Wliin the Dingley tarifl' was en- 
 acted Mr. Doi.i.ivKK was a nieniber of the Committee on 
 Ways and Means and distinguished himself in the work 
 of framing and jiassing tiiat law. 
 
 On llic (hath of Senator .loliii II. Cicar. Mi-. Dou.ivER 
 was promoted from the House lo tin Senate. He filled a 
 
 03227°— 11 8 [t13] 
 
Memohial Addhessks : Senatok I)()i.i,i\i:u 
 
 conspicuous rule in the railroad-rate legislation oC the 
 last administration, the Hepburn-Dolliver law being to a 
 large extent the product of his labors. Bui it was during 
 the tariff debate iji the present Congress lluit he achieved 
 his greatest fame. In that memorable debate he showed 
 a mastery of his subject, a skill in its presentation, and a 
 conmiand of logic and argument which stamped his 
 speeches as the most powerful that were made during 
 that memorable contest. 
 
 Few men in all the history of the United States Senate 
 have equaled Senator Doluver for eloquence and force 
 of speech. He possessed the gift of eloquence to an ex- 
 ceptional degree, and was equally effective on the popu- 
 lar platform and in the more exacting requin-ments of 
 senatorial debate. His oratory was scholarly and philo- 
 sophic, and with an imposing presence, a full, deep voice, 
 a profuse and scintillating vocabulary', and a never-fail- 
 ing supply of wit atui iunnor, he had the happy faculty 
 of winning the rapt attention of every person within the 
 sound of his voice. 
 
 I desire, Mr. Speaker, to add an analytical appreciation 
 of his oratorical power from the pen of his life-long 
 friend and neighbor, Hon. George E. Roberts: 
 
 In him wcri' combined in rare degree all the qualifications of a 
 political orator. There have been other popular campaigners in 
 Iowa during his time, each with his own efTective characteristics, 
 but J. P. Doi.LivF.H was in a class by himself. Neither on the 
 stump nor in Congress was there anyone who combined the 
 scholar, the statesman, and the orator as they were combined 
 in him. 
 
 In the first place, he had the philosophic, reflective mind that 
 views every subject in the large way and seizes intuitively upon 
 fundamentals. His grasp of principles was sure. He was thor- 
 oughly educated and informed, his reading and culture were so 
 broad that he was always abreast of the best thought of the time. 
 His campaigns over the tenth district were an eilucational influ- 
 
 [114] 
 
Ani)i;i;ss oi- Mii. Dawson, oi Idwa 
 
 once upon this people. Hf pitched every discussion upon a high 
 plane. His style was distinctly his own, simple and homely in a 
 way, but wonderfully efFective in statement, and combining with 
 this the grace and linish anil pathos of the accomi>lisheil orator. 
 His literary sense was true and his judgment of material unerring. 
 There was no straining for ell'ect. He had the imagination that 
 is the soul of great oratory — the imagination of tlie seer, llie poet, 
 and the statesman. He was logical, but much more than logical; 
 his mental processes outran the methods of logic and summed up 
 the argument in a sentence. He thought in pictures and epigrams. 
 His wit was illuminating, but humorous rather than biting. He 
 could use sarcasm with terrible effect, but was not malicious 
 enough to dcligiit in it. In his earlier years he used it freely in 
 a good-humored way at the expense of his political adversaries, 
 but outgrew that in his maturity and treated everybody with the 
 respect that he really felt for sincere opinions. He seldom told 
 a story or read an extract, preferring, as well he miglit, to make 
 his points in his own language. There was nothing approaching 
 coarseness or vulgarity in his speeches, but always the charm of 
 clear, apt, and vigorous statement couched in the most felicitous 
 phrase. He could take a commonplace or abstruse subject, and 
 before either the academy of political science or a country school- 
 bouse audience invest it with vil:il interest. He knew the peoi)le 
 of this country with sympathetic familiarity from the highest to 
 the lowliest, was in touch with every class, at home with all, 
 understood them all, and knew the way to their hearts. 
 
 Ills mind was fertile, active, imaginative, and his gift of lan- 
 guage was extraordinary; but after all is said, the capacity for 
 hard work had more to do with his success than is commonly 
 understood. His broad culture was not obtained wilhout effort. 
 He was an omnivorous reader; he was a most industrious stu- 
 dent of every subject which he undertook to discuss. He came to 
 Iowa when the greenback issue was uppermost, and he read the 
 literature of the (juestion completely, including the congressional 
 debates when the greenbacks were issued. He had the same 
 knowledge of the silver (juestion, and his masterly treatment of 
 that subject in the tenth district showed the same capacity for 
 thorough analysis and convincing argunuiit thai was revealed to 
 the Senate in the tariff debate. 
 
 ■115] 
 
Memokiai, Addressks: Senator Dolliver 
 
 In striking contrast to most men possessed of his extraordinary 
 (jujilifications, Senator Doli.iveb did not naturally crave the dis- 
 tinction and honors of leadership. He lacked the egotism of most 
 political leaders. He was singularly free from any trace of con- 
 ceit. None of his intimate friends ever saw an expression of it. 
 He never lost his modest poise or was without his sense of humor 
 for a moment. He was therefore nothing of the political boss. 
 He was supreme in the tenth district by his own preeminence, 
 not by the power of a machine. He had no taste for machine 
 politics, no disposition to call upon his friends to do political 
 service. Among politicians this was counted a weakness, as he 
 ■was said to lack trading strength. It is true that he was never 
 strong in the arts of manipulation. His strength was in his 
 superb powers as an advocate upon the issues, and there he was 
 almost without an equal in any forum. 
 
 But, with all the admiration which his talents and 
 ability commanded. Doleiver the man was even greater 
 than DoLLivER the orator and statesman. He had a 
 charming personality, and to know him was to be his 
 friend. lie had a heart as big as his great body and an 
 unfailing geniality which made friends rapidly and re- 
 tained them easily. 
 
 His life was the exemplification of the words of George 
 Linnajus Banks: 
 
 I live for those who love me. 
 For those who know me true. 
 For the heaven that smiles above me 
 
 And awaits my spirit, too; 
 For the wrongs that need resistance. 
 For the cause that needs assistance, 
 For the future in the distance. 
 And the good that I can do. 
 
 Senator Dolliver was an optimist, full of kindliness 
 and rare good humor. He was generous by nature, 
 obliging in disposition, and possessed a heart filled with 
 human sympathy. 
 
 [1161 
 
AddhI'Ss <)i Mi(. I)a\\s(in. o\ K 
 
 He had a warm .si)ot in his heart for the rising {,'c'ncra- 
 tion, ami among his greatest dehghts was to be helpful 
 to the youth of the land. In the impressive funeral serv- 
 ices at Fort Dodge last October there was no sentiment 
 uttered that rang truer than the one oflfered by Mr. Harvey 
 Ingham when he said that — 
 
 Senator Doi-liver left tlic door a little wider open for the 
 common boy and girl. 
 
 It can be trutiifully saitl that Senator Oolliver gave 
 his life to the service of his country as tridy as ever did 
 any soldier on the field of battle. The days and nights 
 of toil which he put in during tiie special and regular 
 sessions of the present Congress overtaxed his strength, 
 and when he left Washington last summer he was broken 
 in health. During the special session it was not unusual 
 for him to be found zealously studying the intricacies of 
 tariff schedules far into the night, in preparation for his 
 great fight on certain rates in the Payne bill. 
 
 He had forged to the front with a display of unusual 
 powers, which not only established him in a position of 
 great power in the Senate of the United States, but had 
 lifted him to that more select class wlio actually leave 
 a lasting impress upon the life and thought of their day 
 and generation. That tariff debate in the summer of 
 1009 revealed Senator Dolliver as the most powerful de- 
 bater in that body, and as a man who possessed tlie moral 
 courage to break witii his parly before he would with 
 his conscience. 
 
 Under these most extraordinary circinnstances the sor- 
 rf)w of the [)eople is intensified by tiie thought that he 
 laid down his life in a zealous effort to protect their 
 rights, and just at the lime when he was entering that 
 jxriod of Ills lifi wliicii promised the greatest usefulness 
 and power. 
 
 [117] 
 
iMi'.MOiUAL Addresses : Senator D()LI,ivi:r 
 
 Mr. Speaker, I desire to add a few brief tributes from 
 some of the leading publie men of our State and country 
 to the memoi-y of our departed friend, whose memory 
 we honor this day i)y these services: ' 
 
 Gov. B. F. Carroll: 
 
 Of all the able inc-n that our State has given to public service 
 few have arisen to thai mark of distinction attained by Senator 
 DoLLiVER, especially as an exponent of public questions. His 
 friends extend beyond the limits of our Nation, and his splendid 
 ability and patriotic devotion to public duty arc recognized by all 
 who knew him. Our State will deeply mourn the loss of this 
 brilliant and able statesman and public servant. His career as a 
 public oflicial, covering near a quarter of a century, was full of 
 events, and his promise of useful service to his State and the 
 Nation was full of hopeful fruition. In his death both the State 
 and the Nation sustain a great loss, and his memory will long be 
 cherished by a loyal and patriotic people. 
 
 Hon. S. F. Prouty: 
 
 I had learned to regard Senator Dolliver as one of the greatest 
 benefactors of the masses of the people, and as one of the great- 
 est men of the West, if not of the entire country. He had a 
 peculiar power of expression that was particularly effective, and 
 he used this power in the cause of the masses of the people. 
 
 Hon. H.M. Towner: 
 
 Regardless of factional or, indeed, of party alignment, Iowa 
 will mourn tin- loss of her brilliant and distinguished Senator. 
 He was so distinctly an lowan that his loss is personal and inti- 
 mate to our people, but the Nation has lost from its great forum 
 its greatest orator and most able debater. There will be universal 
 sorrow at his deatli. 
 
 Hon. W. \V. Morrow: 
 
 When the political history of this country is written, the name 
 of Jonathan P. Doi.livkr will be inscribed in glowing phrases as 
 one of the greatest orators and ablest leaders of the age. He was 
 a great man, a grand man, and one we all respected. 
 
 [118] 
 
Ai)i)iii;ss oi Mm. Dawson, oi Iowa 
 
 Hon. J. L. Bleaklcy: 
 
 His long and faithful service for the Stale, liis untiring energy, 
 and his patriotic zeal in behalf of his country will be written on 
 the undying pages of history. 
 
 Hon. George D. Perkins: 
 
 Senator Doi.i.iver was of buoyant disposition. He had experi- 
 ence with the shadows, but it was his delight to be in the plaj' of 
 gentle atmosphere, warmed by the sun. He was a noble son, 
 husband, father, brother. He counted not as sacrifice whatever 
 measure of service he could render for those he loved. In all his 
 relations he was a genial, likable man. Bitterness was not born 
 with him, nor could it find root in the generosity of his disposi- 
 tion. He had the strength for heavy blows, but the tenderness of 
 his heart made quick burial of enmities. 
 
 Col. Thoodore Roosevelt: 
 
 Senator Doi.i.ivKii's death is a great misfortune to the country, 
 especially at this time. He was a public man whose character, 
 ability, and loyalty to the interests of the people I especially 
 admired. 
 
 Hon. C. W. Fairbanks: 
 
 Senator Dolliver was one of the best men the country has ever 
 produced, a friend whom we all admired and loved. 
 
 Col. Henry Watkrson : 
 
 Whom the gods love die young. Senator Dollivkr had at least 
 the good fortune that comes to those whose ship goes down 
 "when eager winds are kissing every sail." He was spared the 
 shipwreck of hope that is suffered by hard-working public serv- 
 ants who realize in their old age that improving iunnan institu- 
 tions is a form of activity that promises greater labor than reward. 
 
 [110] 
 
Address of Mr. Martin, of South Dakota 
 
 Mr. Speaker: A great ninii has fallen al the meridian 
 of his greatness, and the Nation mourns his loss willi a 
 universal sorrow. Dolliver was a young man when 
 death came, and there seemed to have been every promise 
 that his greatest achievements were still before him. 
 And yet 22 years of his life was spent in the Congress of 
 the United States, a much longer period than the average 
 service of statesmen and oilier men of public alTairs. Be- 
 sides, life is not measured by length of days, but by 
 human heart throbs, transcendent purposes, and noble 
 deeds. Measured by these standards, his was a long life 
 and his career was well rounded and mature. 
 
 Jonathan Dolmver was a child of genius. His ora- 
 torical powers were as truly a gift of Nature as the genius 
 of tlie sculptor, the painter, or Ihe poet. Hhetoric is an 
 accomplishment of the schools. Oratory maj^ be en- 
 riched and embellished by cultivation and by the deep 
 experiences of luiniau life; but llie orator is born, not 
 made. The ability to hold and sway audiences as under 
 a spell of magnetism, the ability to lilunt a logical deduc- 
 tion by a word or tiic wave of a iiantl, or to destroy a 
 sophistry with a single epigram — these are rare powers, 
 possessed by but few men, who bear the unmistakable 
 stamp of genius. Dolliver sprang into nalioiiai jiroini- 
 nence in a single great speech in the Hepiiblican State 
 convention of Iowa in 1881. He became at once a na- 
 tional character. He was in great demand on political 
 
 [120] 
 
AnnitKss of Mk. Maktin, or Soitii Dakota 
 
 and popular platforms everywhere. His name would in- 
 sure a crowd in any p;iit of flic eoiintry. He never lost 
 tlie ability to maintain llie ri'i)ulati()n tliat his first great 
 speech had given him. The most masterful utterances of 
 his whole career were his last two or three great speeches 
 in Uk' Senate. Tiiey marsliai liie fundamental principles 
 of popular government with eloquence seldom equaled in 
 legislative dehate. and they define the field and scope as 
 well as tile liiiiitatioiis of pulilical |)arties with such clear- 
 ness of view and such convincing logic as to make them 
 classics in political literature. 
 
 At the time of his death Senator Dolliver was the 
 strongest individual force in the movement now shaping 
 toward the popularization of the United States Senate. 
 
 He liked the democratic quality of tiie House of Repre- 
 sentatives. He had just gone to the Senate when 1 came 
 to the House in 1901. He came back frequently lo watch 
 debate in this body. He missed the free forum in which 
 he had served so long, and had not yet adapted himself 
 to the more dignified procedure of tiie Senate. He liked 
 legislation by confiicl and had not ac(|uired the habit of 
 legislation by courtesy. He gloried in the lilunt trullil'ul- 
 ness of a forum of del)ate in wliicli an iiiiiiileresting 
 speech is made to empty seats, but wheic llic man with a 
 message soon fills the chairs and. as inliresl becomes in- 
 tense, Memliers gatlier closely around the orator like the 
 folds of a garment. 
 
 " Marliii." lie said lo inc one day, " the House of Repre- 
 sentatives is the most democratic legislative body in the 
 world. Here a man sinks or swim.s, according to ids 
 talents." 
 
 Later he mastered the legislative |)roccdiire of the Sen- 
 ate, and his great powers were never in belter form than 
 when balanced by the limitations of senatorial debate; 
 and yet he was always, in the broadest sense, a repi'esen- 
 
 [121] 
 
Memorial Adduksses : Senatoh Doi.eiver 
 
 tative of the people. He viewed all legislation in its 
 bearing upon the general welfare. Instinctively he saw 
 the line of separation between the encroachments of spe- 
 cial interests and tiic well-being of all tlie people. In- 
 stantly his militant armor was on, and he was in the 
 arena in the midst of tiu> battle for popular rights. He 
 was never a demagogue, but always a knight of the com- 
 mon good. 
 
 DoEi.ivER was a profound student of the principles of 
 our Government. He was rooted and grounded in the 
 fundamental principles of human rights and relations. 
 And he was never lost in the task wliich a statesman al- 
 ways has before him of applying the fundamental prin- 
 ciples to the varying problems of the hour. No man of 
 our generation could set forth these essential principles 
 in more attractive form or with more telling effect. 
 
 Dolliver's humor was constant and sparkling, like a 
 clear stream of water gurgling from a spring. His wit 
 was a burnished saber of offense and defense. His satire 
 cut clean as a lance, but was never dipped in poison. His 
 fun was never more appreciated than when the joke was 
 on himself. I heard him say that he was once forced into 
 a candidacy for the Vice Presidency of the United States 
 through the friendly intentions of Col. West, then of tlic 
 Washington Post, but that he got out by " unanimous 
 consent." How delicious was his remark in the tariff 
 debate that the two noteworthy events of the year 1909 
 were the revision of llic tariff downward by the Senator 
 from Rhode Island and the discovery of the North Pole 
 by Dr. Cook. No man ever excelled him in the use of 
 epigrannnatic speech. More than once has be slain a 
 humbug will) a humorous epigram. I want a copy of 
 the volumes that must be publislied of Dolliver's public 
 addresses, beginning with his speech before the Iowa con- 
 vention in 1881. Wiien tliese volumes are published I 
 
 [122] 
 
Addhkss 01 Mh. Mauiin. oi Soriii Dakoi \ 
 
 believe they will prtsoiit tlic most readable aiul illumin- 
 ating history ohtainal)le of the politieal development of 
 the past quarter of a century. 
 
 One of the marvels of Dollivkr's talents was his mas- 
 tery over the details of great questions, (ireat orators 
 are often generalizers and neglectful of details. Not so 
 with DoLLivER. I have heard men express the opinion 
 that DoLLivER was not a close student of the intricate 
 details of public questions. With that view I disagree 
 absolutely. There is no single question more ditlicult 
 and laborious in its mastery than the taritt' question. 
 Yet there are few, if any, men with a better understand- 
 ing of that problem than had Senator Dou.iveh. He 
 began his study of those intricate problems with Dingley 
 and McKinley in the House, and his laborious methods 
 carried him over everj' phase of every schedule and into 
 the consideration of the effect of tariff rates upon all 
 American industries and upon the general progress of 
 all the people. 
 
 No man mastered the subject with a more statesman- 
 like grasp, and no man was a safer adviser on tariff 
 questions. Had Doixiver been chairman of the Commit- 
 tee on Finance, or even a member of that committee, as 
 by all the precedents he ought to have been, some recent 
 tariff historj- would have been differently written, and 
 the Republican Party, in whose policies he so implicitly 
 believed, would have been saved some of the embarrass- 
 ments which have since fallen to its lot. 
 
 Over all Jonamian Doi.i.im h's character as a man low- 
 ers monumenllike, the most striking (]uality in his un- 
 usual career. His sturdy parents endowed him richly 
 in mind and heart and rugged manhood, but in no quality 
 was lie more generously favored lli.iii in iiis deep, abid- 
 ing religious faith. With unerring certainty he di.scov- 
 ered the moral ffuality in rvciy great i)ul)lie controversy. 
 
 [t231 
 
Memofual Addresses: Senator Doi.liver 
 
 He came to the defense of a good cause with all the 
 foi-ce of his nature, and he could unmask a sham or pre- 
 tense with a completeness that would render further 
 deception impossible. 
 
 An acute moral sense is the best political asset that a 
 public man can possess. It will help him to detect the 
 right of a public dispute when the processes of reason 
 and logic are slow and unreliable. That he followed 
 implicitly his convictions of the right in every situation 
 must have been apparent to every close observer. Among 
 the many evidences of this is this passage from one of the 
 latest of his speeches in the Senate: 
 
 In the course wliich I have pursued in the Senate I have always 
 endeavored to find out, if I could, the path appearing to lead in 
 the direction of the common welfare. I have never been able to 
 linow, as questions arose, whether or not the course I had chosen 
 led in the direction of my personal political fortune. In fact, I 
 have had absolutely no motive for caring whether it did or not. 
 
 Senator Dolliver's home I'elations afford us a view of 
 the most beautiful picture of his life. His wife was to 
 him a most trusted counselor and companion. His chil- 
 dren were the most sacred of his earthly blessings. From 
 such a haven of inspiration he went forth daily to battle 
 for the highest ideals and to bear a manly part in the 
 worthy struggle to bring the greatest good to all men. 
 
 In the closing hours of a busy Congress no one can do 
 full justice to the memoiy of this remarkable man. As 
 one of his intimate and admiring friends, I can do no 
 less than to offer this modest tribute of appreciation of 
 one of the kindliest and most gifted men our country 
 has ever known. 
 
 [124] 
 
Address of Mr. Goon, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Spe.\ker: This occasion has its lesson, this day its 
 sadness. The lesson is found in the life of a great and 
 good man; the sadness in his untimely death. We gloty 
 in the achievements of Jonathan Prentiss Dolliver; in 
 his death we mourn a Nation's irreparahle loss. 
 
 It is not given to the mind of man to prescribe a for- 
 mula for greatness. The component elements of the 
 human mind, their relations to each other, and their 
 harmonious blending in the human compound of great- 
 ness must forever remain one of the secrets of this life. 
 Dark and mystei-ious as are the ([uestions upon which the 
 solution of this problem depends, yet we see in the life 
 of every man characteristics that make for him his place 
 in the world, be that place great or small. 
 
 Senator Dolliver inherited the strong religious ten- 
 dencies of his father. He had a childlike faith in a 
 Supreme and Overruling Providence. He loved the 
 Bible, and his public address and private conversation 
 reflected a deep study of it and an unwavering belief in 
 its precepts. To his simple faith and trust in a God 
 whose name is Love was due his great optimism, Ms 
 buoyancy of spirit, and his cheerful disposition. 
 
 Tlic liuinan side of Senalor Doi.mvfk was most strongly 
 developed, and to this fact more than any other is due 
 his greatness. A feeling for others was a predominating 
 characteristic in his life. To help make his country a 
 better abiding place for his fellow man was his ambi- 
 tion and his aim. Unmindful of liis own welfare, he 
 drew all too freely upon his great strength in working 
 
 [125] 
 
Mkmouial Ai)1)Hj:ssi;s: Sknator Doi.i.iveh 
 
 for the good of others. Altruistic himself, lie (lisj)iscd 
 all forms of selfishness in others. In him — 
 
 Love took up llic harp of F.ifo, and sniotc on all llic chords with 
 
 might; 
 Smote the chord of Sulf, llial, trcnihling, pa.sscd in music out of 
 
 sight. 
 
 As a legislator lie was alert to discover the plans of the 
 designing and the selfish. He frequently expressed his 
 abhorrence of lohl)yists by applying to tluin the term of 
 " dirty workers." His car was always open to the storj' 
 of stunted children, toil-worn shop girls, and starving 
 miners. His time and his strength were always at their 
 command that he might make their road easier and liieir 
 burden lighter. He gave all too freely of his wonderful 
 intellect, his almost limitless strength, and his big heart 
 to secure the enactment of such laws as would give every 
 man a more even chance with every other man. If meas- 
 ured as the world measures greatness, others have sur- 
 passed him, but if measured by heart throbs for his fel- 
 low man, few have equaled him. 
 
 In the humanity of Dom.ivek was found his true great- 
 ness. He rose rapidly from the position of a countiy 
 lawyer to that of a Senator of the United States. Of the 
 .52 years of his life 21 years were spent in Congress. 
 From the time of his entrance in this House until his 
 death he was recognized as one of the greatest political 
 orators, not only of his day, but of all time. His rise 
 was as rapid as his ])Iace was pernuuunt. 
 
 Twice Doi.i.iviiH could have been the nominee of his 
 party for the exalted position of Vice President of the 
 United States. And twice he refused to permit iiis name 
 to go before the nominating convention. Honors came to 
 him in rapid succession, but none of them nor all of them 
 combined were able to swerve him from his devotion to 
 
 [126] 
 
Ai)i)iu;ss oi .Ma. (Iood, oi Iowa 
 
 the service (if tlir ooinmoa cilizi'ii. All liic honors which 
 he achieved and llu' distinctions which came to liiin 
 onlj' drew him closer to those whoso cause he had long 
 championed. They served to slrcn4<tlu'n the bond of 
 sympathy between him and the common man. 
 
 Senator Dolliver's life was a complete answer to Kip- 
 ling's test: 
 
 If you can talk witli (-rowds and keep your virtue, 
 Or walk with kings— nor lose the common l(]U(h. 
 
 He did more than this. Neither his recognition as an 
 orator nor his elevation to high political positions caused 
 him to lose his sympathy lor or iiis interest in the com- 
 mon people. These achievements only strengthened the 
 bond of brotherhood between himself and his fellow 
 man. He looked out upon the life we live and saw that 
 the greater half of life's misery came not from frost or 
 drought, fire or flood, pestilence or famine, disease or 
 death, but from the selfishness of men, from the want 
 of brotherhood, the lack of fellowship, in the millions 
 of loveless homes, in the bickering of employer and 
 employee, in the flaunting insolence of newly won riches 
 and ill-gotten gain, in tiie bickerings of trade, and the 
 crimes of the calendar, in laws whicli were violated, in 
 hopes which were blasted, and in hearts that were 
 broken — in all these he saw witness to the greed and 
 selfishness of man. His great humanity directed the field 
 for his statesmanship, the forum for his oratory and the 
 secret of his great success. 
 
 Gentleness and kindness were visible expressions of 
 his great humanity. He was as gentle as a child and as 
 tender as a woman. The hurt of a friend phmged iiini in 
 sorrow, the joy of aji a.ssociate bathed him in sunbeams. 
 
 This dominant characteristic in the life of Senator 
 Doi.i.ivF.R also found expression in his great love of 
 
 [127] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Doeliver 
 
 nature. He loved the rugged oak and the spreading chn; 
 the squirrels and the birds were his companions and 
 friends as he strolled in the woodland. He loved his 
 farm, and on many occasions expressed the wish that he 
 might retire there and spend tlic rest of his days free from 
 factional and political strife. 
 
 The quiet and unselfish life in which the farm abounds 
 appealed most strongly to his nature. He loved its 
 simple life, the genuineness of its people, the changes of 
 the seasons and the homely farm scene; the spring with 
 its freshness and its fragrance; the summer with its fields 
 of growing grain waving in the sunlight; the autumn with 
 the hum of the reaper and the song of the meadow lark; 
 the winter with its snowbound prairies stretching far in 
 the distance; these he loved and in his meditation of 
 them he found his recreation. 
 
 The day we buried Dolliver was cold and cloudy; a 
 drizzling rain had set in and gloom had cast its shadow 
 over the inhabitants of the city of Fort Dodge. I shall 
 long remember the sorrow and tender sympathy ex- 
 hibited on the streets as the funeral procession passed 
 from the armory to the cemetei'y. Thousands of men, 
 women, and children lined the sides of tlie street, unmind- 
 ful of the cold and drizzling rain. Sorrow was written 
 deeply on every countenance. Thousands of tear-stained 
 faces told the story all too plainly of broken hearts. 
 Thus, unconsciously his neighbors and friends paid the 
 highest tribute to his memory. The city of Fort Dodge 
 is erecting a bronze statue to tlie memoi->' of Senator 
 Dolliver, but in the minds and hearts of the people of 
 this generation are enshrined memories of him tliat are 
 more enduring than marble, more lasting than bronze. 
 Mc nnule for himself a l)ig place in the world and he 
 filled that place like the great man lliat he was. 
 
 [128] 
 
Address of Mr. Clark, of Missoiri 
 
 Mr. Speaker: One of the pleasant features of serving 
 in this House is that a majority of the Members do not 
 permit the big aisle which separates the House into two 
 parties to be regarded as a line of demarkation in mat- 
 ters of friendship. Senator Jonathan Prentiss Dolliver 
 was one of my most intimate friends. In fact, he was 
 one of the three most intimate of all the Republicans 
 with whom I have served in 16 years. Circumstances 
 determine very largely questions of personal intimacy. 
 The way that Senator Dolliver and I became so intimate 
 was that I was poor and he did not have very much 
 money himself, so both of us had been experimenting 
 somewhat in the business of lecturing at what are called 
 lyceum lectures, and also at the Chautauquas, and were 
 making some headway and some money. In the fall of 
 1899 it occurred to me one day that I had heard in years 
 gone by that the Brockway Lecture Bureau at Pittsburg, 
 which arranged the dates for both Senator Dolliver and 
 myself, had a few years before conducted a joint lecture 
 between the Hon. Michael Harter, of Ohio, and tlie Hon. 
 Hoswell G. Horr, of Michigan, on the tariff question. The 
 difllcrence between a lecture and a speech is that you 
 get pay for a lecture and you do not get any pay for a 
 speech. I wrote to them and asked them if that dual 
 lecture or debating performance had been a success, and 
 
 93227'— 11 9 [129] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 they answered that it had. Then I wrote to them that it 
 seemed to me that the signs of the times indicated that 
 politics would be of considerable interest in the next 12 
 months, and why not arrange a debate on the Chautau- 
 qua circuit and at these lecture courses for myself and 
 some Republican. They answered by telling me to pick 
 my own Republican. So I suggested Senator Dolliver, 
 and we went into it. 
 
 Our first debate was down at Chambersburg, Pa., on 
 the 14th day of December, 1899, the one hundredth anni- 
 versary' of the death of George Washington. We pro- 
 ceeded in that business with a great deal of success, if 
 drawing large crowds is a test of merit, until he was 
 appointed to the Senate, and I think during that time 
 that he and I must have had somewhere in the neighbor- 
 hood of 50 or 75 debates. The very day that he was 
 appointed to the United States Senate we had a debate 
 down in southern Iowa. It was my turn to open and 
 close, but he asked me as a special favor to let him open 
 and deliver the whole of his hour and a quarter speech 
 first, so that he could catch a train to Des Moines to see 
 Gov. Shaw about being appointed Senator. I always 
 told him that I thumped him into the United States Sen- 
 ate. His reply to that was to inquire why I did not thump 
 myself into the United States Senate. 
 
 The other two men with whom 1 have debated at these 
 lecture courses and Chautauquas are Gen. Grosvenor, of 
 Ohio, and the Hon. C. B. Landis, of Indiana, and, not- 
 withstanding radical differences of political opinions, 
 they are among my closest friends. 
 
 Debating on the circuit brings men into very close rela- 
 tionship. The newspaper wits have a way of under- 
 taking to make the Chautauqua lecturers the butt of 
 their jokes. There is, however, lliis nmch to be said 
 about lecture money. It is clean money; you do not have 
 
 [130] 
 
Address of Mr. Clark, of Missouri 
 
 to explain where you got it, or how you got it, or when 
 you got it. In addition to that, the lecture business, 
 which flourished very much from about 1855 to 1865 
 and then died out almost entirely, taking a new start 
 with these Chautauquas, has been a great educational 
 force in the country, and the Chautauqua business espe- 
 cially has been of vast influence in that regard. Some 
 of the most distinguished men in both Houses of Con- 
 gress have tried their hands at it, with varying degrees 
 of success. 
 
 I was a guest in Senator Dolliver's house. I enjoyed 
 the hearty hospitality of himself and wife. I roamed 
 with him over his fine farm up on the bluifs, consisting 
 of 400 or 500 acres of as rich land as the sun ever shone 
 on. He took a great deal of pride in the fact that the 
 farm had at one time belonged to Gov. Carpenter. He 
 was genial; he was companionable; he was handsome; 
 he was true as steel to his friends. 
 
 It may or may not be known to some people that he 
 came very near being President of the United States. 
 There has been a great deal of dispute about what hap- 
 pened down at Philadelphia in 1900 at that Republican 
 convention. Of course, I do not undertake to say exactly 
 what did happen or all that happened. I will tell what I 
 believe, and I believe it on tlie very best authority, too, and 
 that is if Col. Roosevelt had adhered to his declared inten- 
 tion of not accepting the vice presidential nomination, 
 witliout doul)t Jonathan P. Doli.iver would have been 
 nominated almost by acclamation. Of course if he had 
 been, he would have been elected along with McKinley 
 and would have succeeded to the Presidency of the United 
 States. That he would have made an intelligent and 
 patriotic President 1 have no doubt. 
 
 WHien he and I were debating at llie Chautauquas and 
 in the lecture courses he was a great deal more of an 
 
 [131] 
 
Memorial Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 orator than he was a debater. There is a vast ditrercnce 
 between an orator and a debater. A man may be both, 
 but he is lucky if he is either. I think in the hour and a 
 quarter's speech that he delivered in those debates there 
 were two or three sections of 10 minutes each which 
 would have graced the speech books, which is the higlust 
 tribute 1 know how to pay to his eloquence. He lived, 
 however, to become one of the foremost debaters in the 
 land, and, strange to say, he became a debater in the last 
 year or two of his life. 
 
 1 am not going to trench upon the dangerous ground of 
 political differences in this talk, except so far as it may be 
 necessary to illumine his life. My own judgment about it 
 is that, considered solely with relation to Dolliver's fame 
 as a debater and thinker, the best thing that ever hap- 
 pened to him was that Senator Aldrich and the men who 
 made up the Finance Committee of the Senate refused to 
 place him on it. That put him on his mettle. He was 
 determined to sliow the men who did that that he knew 
 something about the laritf question and could debate with 
 the best of them. He employed an expert on tariff facts, 
 paN'ing him out of his own pocket, and the expert ren- 
 dered him very valuable services, and 1 believe it is en- 
 tirely within the range of truth to saj' that Doli.ivek's 
 speeches in the Senate in the last 18 months of his life are 
 among the finest specimens of congressional debating that 
 have taken place in the last 20 years. 
 
 I have saitl time and again- 1 have said it in tliis House; 
 I have said it on the stump; 1 have said it in private con- 
 versation — that tlic last speech, the long speech wliieii 
 Senator Dolliver delivered on that tarilT bill 10 months 
 after it was passed in the sjiring of 1010, as a sample of 
 oratorj-, of eloquence, of wit. of humor, of sarcasm, of 
 learning, has not been exceeded in either branch of Con- 
 gress in a generation. There are parts of it equal in irony 
 
 [132] 
 
Address ok Mr. Clark, of Missouri 
 
 to anything tluit Junius wiolf. Tlurc are bits of it equal 
 in wit to anytliing tiial Sydney Smith ever said. There 
 are certain parts and passages of it equal in humor to 
 Mark Twain at his best. There are certain parts of it as 
 philosophical as Lord Bacon's essays, and taken alto- 
 gether it is a splendid monument to the man's memory. 
 
 I had a rather curious experience with him about it. 
 When I made the 1 hour and 20 minutes' speech here in 
 May, 1910, in reply to Mr. Chairman Payne, I quoted from 
 that speech of Senator Doi.liver's very liberally. A few- 
 days afterwards 1 was over in the Senate, and I told him 
 that he was an ungrateful kind of statesman. He wanted 
 to know why. I replied that I had quoted his speech very 
 elaborately in the House, and that it seemed to me he 
 ought to thank me for it; that it gave him a great adver- 
 tisement; and that he never had thanked me for it. He 
 looked at me in a quizzical sort of way and said that he 
 was not absolutely certain that the fact that I had quoted 
 from his speeches and had passed eulogies upon his pres- 
 ent views would be of any advantage to him ultimately in 
 a political way. 
 
 In tliat same conversation he startled me by telling me 
 that he was in a very bad condition physically; that he 
 was extremely anxious and uneasy al^out himself. 
 
 Senator Doi. liver was an enthusiast by nature. He was 
 a Methodist, thoroughly imbued with the principles of the 
 Christian religion as expounded by the Methodists. In 
 politics he was a thoroughgoing Hepublican, born and 
 reared in a Republican household, a Republican all his 
 days. He was a patriot to the core. I never knew a man 
 who loved his country with greater devotion than he did. 
 He seemed destined for a long life. He cut a splendid 
 figure in tliis House. He cut a splendid figure in the 
 Senate. It does not necessarily follow, and in a great 
 many cases it does not follow, that because a man is a 
 
 [133] 
 
Memorial Addrksses : Senator Doixivek 
 
 shining light in the House lie is sure to succeed equally 
 well in the Senate. But he succeeded equally well in 
 both. He was stricken down in the very prime of life, at 
 the meridian of his fame. He now takes his place in the 
 goodly company of distinguished men whom Iowa has 
 contributed to the service, the honor, and the glory of the 
 Republic. 
 
 [134] 
 
Address of Mr. Haugen, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: In accord with tiinc-iioiiorcd custom we 
 are here to-day to speak in memory of the life, character, 
 and work of one of Iowa's most beloved and distinguished 
 citizens, one who for 20 years was a beloved and honored 
 Member of this House and Senate; one endowed with 
 lofty ideals; a character of the highest type, founded on 
 integrity; one with unusual talent, fortified with a wealth 
 of learning. He as a young man entered the public 
 service with zeal, integrity, character, ability, and con- 
 science, rectitude of purpose, dominated by noble and 
 lofty ideals, with firm determination to do justice and 
 right, to serve his countrj' and fellow men. 
 
 Having served with Senator Dou.iver in this House, 
 having lived in his home, and having studied his grand 
 life and character, 1 got to know him well, and the better 
 I knew him the more I admired him and the more I loved 
 him. I knew of his bright life, his pure character. Ins 
 devotion to truth, his many grand and noble qualities 
 manifested in his even>' walk of life, lK)th public and 
 private. In his Christian home lie lived a pure, bright, 
 and grand life, a most devoted husband and a patient and 
 affectionate father, generous, considerate, and lielpful to 
 others, always ready to lend a helping hand, a man with 
 keen, clean, clear, and sound nnnd, blessed with extraor- 
 dinarj- intelligence and power of conception, a student, 
 a tin'nker, and a most untiring workir. There seemed to 
 be no limit and no end to liis industrv and research. In 
 
 [135] 
 
Mkmorial Addresses: Senator Doleiver 
 
 his home, in his oflico, in the Senate Chamher, from early 
 morning to late at night he toiled. Among the most 
 pleasant hours of my life are those spent in his company. 
 Nearly every night, after his day's work, he would join 
 the circle around the fireplace to cheer, to enlighten, and 
 entertain. He possessed a wonderful fund of knowledge 
 and wide range of information not only on public ques- 
 tions, but he spoke with readiness and fluency on any 
 subject he took up and discussed. His remarks on any 
 subject were not only illuminating and brilliant but 
 always instructive and interesting in the highest degree. 
 Ever}' thought and utterance was fresh and refreshing. 
 We all found in him something to learn. Uppermost in 
 his mind and his heart was his God, the people, and 
 country' he so dearly loved. Every act and purpose was 
 patriotic. He was eminently a talented and lovable man. 
 In his modest, unassuming way, his kindness and strong 
 mind and character, his symjiathy and imceasing industry 
 he fought his waj' up in the world and attained the high 
 and exalted position which he occupied at the time of 
 his death. 
 
 At the age of 31, in 1888, he was elected, and in 1889 he 
 became a Member of Congress, and August 2, 1900, with 
 11 years of distinguished and faithful service to his 
 country, here in the House, he was appointed United 
 States Senator, and twice elected by the legislature of 
 his State. 
 
 No man ever entered public life better fortified and 
 equipped as a legislator. His work, especially in the 
 last years of his service, showed that it meant little to 
 him whether manj' or few shared in his views. If he felt 
 that he was right, that was all sullicient to him. That 
 was his guiding star, and when fully convinced that he 
 was right he would go straight forward with a courage 
 that never faltered and with earnestness, sincerity, and 
 
 [136] 
 
Address of Mr. Haugen, oi Iowa 
 
 ckaiiiess ho would point out what to him seemed the 
 rif^ht course. He seemed to have knowledge of every 
 proposition before Congress, its scope and object, and 
 wlunever any important question arose concerning the 
 welfare of his people and countrj' he never flinched, 
 shrunk, or forgot his responsibility. He was always 
 found in the foremost ranks eiuunpioning the cause of 
 liberty and for what seemed just and right to him, and 
 with his power of speeoli and eloquence he moved his 
 audience to tears and applause. With his mine of knowl- 
 edge, his power of comprehension, his forceful and log- 
 ical presentation of facts, he always received the closest 
 attention and his speeches proved most effective. He 
 rarely attempted to speak without preparation. Gener- 
 ally his speeches were prepared with the greatest of care, 
 and tlie ideas, style, thought, and arrangement of his 
 speeches were the result of his skill and hard work. But 
 fortified as he was with a wealth of learning and knowl- 
 edge of public affairs, acquired by experience and con- 
 stant and persistent study, without previous preparation 
 he would, at times, speak for hours with fluency, master- 
 ing the subject discussed with force, clearness, and elo- 
 quence, and in these master ctforts it seems that all that 
 was necessary for him to do was to reach out into that 
 ocean of eloquence and information he had stored away 
 to pick out one gem after tlie other, and for hours he 
 would deal out sledgehanuner blows with a most power- 
 ful and unceasing chxiuence. 
 
 DoLMVKH was not a politician or an organizer. As an 
 orator of his day he had no superior. Iowa has been 
 blessed in orators, statesmen, and public men. Of them 
 all, Senator Doi.mvkh achieved flic widest and most 
 enduring fame. No man in j)ublic life rendered to the 
 Iicpublic more patriotic, faithful, and eminent service 
 than did Senator Doli.ivkh. 
 
 [137] 
 
Memorial Addresses : Senator Dolliver 
 
 When we review his career for zeal, faithfulness, his 
 noble and upright life; what he did and sought to do for 
 the good of humanity and his country; his conception of 
 the high purpose of Government; truly it can be said that 
 he was an honor to his State and to the House and Senate. 
 
 Senator Dolliver commanded, not only public con- 
 fidence, but the love, respect, and affection of all who 
 knew him. The depth of feeling of his neighbors and 
 friends was manifested in the large concourse of people 
 at his funeral. We saw the large auditorium and streets 
 filled with men and women, old and young, black and 
 white, from near and far, assembled there in testimony 
 of their deep affection and to do honor to his memory. 
 Here, where he had lived the greater part of his life and 
 where they knew him best, they loved him most. The 
 presence of thousands of friends and neighbors, the sor- 
 row, the sermon, the eulogies, the flowers, and expres- 
 sions on every hand testified to his greatness, and that a 
 faithful friend and upright citizen had passed away. 
 
 [IM] 
 
Address ok Mr. Smith, of Iowa 
 
 Mr. Speaker: In 1881, when but 26 years of age. Sen- 
 ator DoLLivER by a single address took his place among 
 the great public speakers, not only of Iowa, but of this 
 countrj'. Never, perhaps, was there such a sudden rise 
 to conspicuous prominence by any man in the historj' 
 of that State. That year he was called to many Eastern 
 States, and his reputation immediately spread through- 
 out the countrj'. In four years he was elected to this 
 House and remained here without opposition until his 
 appointment to the Senate. 
 
 I became acquainted with him early in his career, and 
 for many years we were close personal friends. I was 
 early impressed with the wonderful breadth of his read- 
 ing, and particularly with the extent of his knowledge 
 of English and American literature. This, without any 
 ostentation of learning, enabled him to illumine his con- 
 versation and public addresses with all the philosophy 
 and wit of all the ages. 
 
 He was the most eloquent man ever produced by Iowa, 
 and I think I am not influenced by any provincial spirit 
 when I say that he was the greatest American public 
 speaker of his time. His spontaneous spirit and wide 
 reading made him a most doliglilful associate and com- 
 panion. Brilliant as was his public career, his devotion 
 to his family was his most admirable characteristic. He 
 was a beloved son and brother, a devoted husband and 
 father, and all those nearest and dearest to him are en- 
 titled to have the sincere sympathy, not only of the peo- 
 ple of Iowa, but of all the people of the United States, 
 because, before his sun liad reached its high meridian 
 and, turning, cast shadows toward the east, his sky was 
 darkened and his day was done. 
 
 [139] 
 
Memoriai. Addresses: Senator Dolliver 
 
 The Speaker pro tempore. In accordance with the reso- 
 lutions heretofore adopted, as a further mark of respect 
 to the late Senator Dolliver and the late Senator McEnery, 
 the House will adjourn. 
 
 Accordingly (at 4 o'clock and 34 minutes p. m.) the 
 House adjourned until to-morrow, Monday, Februarys 27, 
 1911, at 11 o'clock a. m. 
 
 
 [1401 
 
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 L£ N 'II 
 
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