croup XII. No. 331 v.3^^ Price 10 eent^ ATHLETIC LIBRARY GV TOl ji^ O^ H i) E i;^ m PRESIDENT AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNIONr^ % MEMBER BOARD OF EDUCATION, I illIjH'""......,,,,,, ,,„ GREATER NEW YORK ,„. .„.,, fe' American Sports Publishing Co'h ■-'^"" -■> 21 \^arren street, NewYorK m '" Class Book. ^ vvii Copyright]J^_ COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. Spalding's Athletic Library Anticipating the present ten- dency of the American people toward a healthful method of living and enjoyment, Spalding's Athletic Library was established in 1892 for the purpose of encouraging ath- letics in every form, not only by publishing the official rules and records pertaining to the various pastimes, but also by instructing, until to-day Spalding's Athletic Library is unique in its ovim par- ticular field and has been conceded the greatest educational series on athletic and physical training sub- jects that has ever been compiled. The publication of a distinct series of books devoted to athletic sports and pastimes and designed to occupy the premier place in America in its class was an early idea of Mr. A. G. Spalding, who was one of the first in America to publish a handbook devoted to athletic sports, Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide being the initial number, which was followed at intervals with other handbooks on the sports prominent in the '70s. Spalding's Athletic Library has had the advice and counsel of Mr. A. G. Spalding in all of its undertakings, and particularly in all books devoted to the national game. This applies especially to Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide and Spalding's Official Base Ball Record, both of which receive the personal attention of Mr. A. G. Spalding, owing to his early connection with the game as the leading pitcher of the champion Boston and Chicago teams of 1872-76. His interest does not stop, however, with matters pertaining to base ball; there is not a sport that Mr. Spalding does not make it his business to become familiar with, and that the Library will always maintain its premier place, with Mr. Spalding's able counsel at hand, goes without saying. The entire series since the issue of the first number has been under the direct personal supervision of Mr. James E. Sullivan, President of the American Sports Publishing Company, and the total series of consecutive numbers reach an aggregate of considerably over three hundred, included in which are many "annuals," that really constitute the history of their particular sport in America year by year, back copies of which are even now eagerly sought for, constituting as they do the really first authentic records of events and official rules that have ever been consecutively compiled. When Spalding's Athletic Library was founded, seventeen years ago, track and field athletics were practically unknown outside the larger colleges and a few athletic clubs in the leading cities, which gave occa- sional meets, when an entry list of 250 competitors was a subject of com- ment; golf was known only by a comparatively few persons; lawn tennis bad Bome vogue and base ball was practically the only established field Spalding EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY sport, and that in a professional way; basket ball had just been invented; athletics for the schoolboy— and schoolgirl— were almost unknown, and an advocate of class contests in athletics in the schools could not get a hearing. To-day we find the greatest body of athletes in the world is the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York, which has had an entry list at its annual games of over two thousand, and in whose "elementary series" in base ball last year 106 schools competed for the trophy emblematic of the championship. While Spalding's Athletic Library cannot claim that the rapid growth of athletics in this country is due to it solely, the fact cannot be denied that the books have had a great deal to do with its encouragement, by printing the official rules and instructions for playing the various games at a nominal price, within the reach of everyone, with the sole object that its series might be complete and the one place where a person could look with absolute certainty for the particular book in which he might be interested. In selecting the editors and writers for the various books, the lead- ing authority in his particular line has been obtained, with the result that no collection of books on athletic subjects can compare with Spalding's Athletic Library for the prominence of the various authors and their ability to present their subjects in a thorough and practical manner. A short sketch of a few of those who have edited some of the lead- ing numbers of Spalding's Athletic Library is given herewith : JAMES E. SULLIVAN President American Sports Publishing Com- pany; entered the publishing house of Frank Leslie in 1878, and has been connected continu- ously with the publishing business since then and also as athletic editor of various New York papers; was a competing athlete; one of the organizers of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States; has been actively on its board of governors since its organization until the present time, and President for two suc- cessive terms; has attended every champion- ship meeting in America since 1879 and has officiated in some capacity in connection with American amateur championships track and field games for nearly twenty-five years; assistant American director Olympic Games, Paris, 1900; director Pan-American Exposition athletic department, 1901; chief department physical culture Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, 1904; secretary American Committee Olympic Games, at Athens, 1906; honorary director of Athletics at Jamestown Exposition, 1907; secre- tary American Committee Olympic Games, at London, 1908; member of the Pastime A. C, New York; honorary member Missouri A. C, St. Louis; honorary member Olympic A. C, San Francisco; ex-president Pastime A. C, New Jersey A. C, Knickerbocker A. C; president Metropolitan Association of the A. A. U. for fifteen years; president Outdoor Recrea- tion League; with Dr. Luther H. Gulick organized the Public Schools Athletic League of New York, and is now chairman of its games commit- tee and member executive committee; was a pioneer in playground work and one of the organizers of the Outdoor Recreation League of New York ; appointed by President Roosevelt as special commissioner to the Olympic Games at Athens, 1906. and decorated by King George I. of the Hellenes (Greece) for his services in connection with the Olympic Games; ap- pointed special commissioner by President Roosevelt to the Olympic Games at London, 1908; appointed by Mayor McCIellan, 1908, as member of the Board of Education of Greater New York. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC L IBRARY WALTER CAMP For quarter of a century Mr. Walter Camp of Yale has occupied a leading: position in col- lege athletics. It is immaterial what organiza- tion is suggested for college athletics, or for the betterment of conditions, insofar as college athletics is concerned. Mr. Camp has always played an important part in its conferences and the great interest in and high plane of ^^Vf^^^^^''^ to-day. are undoubtedly due more tp Mr. Camp than to any other individual Mr ofl,i«««» 7^^ iu ^^"^P has probably written more on college athletics than any other writer and the leading papers and mag|! zines of America are always anxious to secure his expert opinion on foot ball, track and field athletics, base ball and rowing. Mr. Camp hTs gro^ ^hni'L\^^^ t'^'^^"' ?"^ i^^ part of Yale's remfrkabie athletirs?steZ While he has been designated as the "Father of Foot Ball " it is a we^ of"?Ch?f *^* '^"ri"^ ^'' *=°"^^^ ^^^^^'^ M^- Camp was regarded as^ne of the best players that ever represented Yale on the base ball field so when we hear of Walter Camp as a foot ball expert we must also remem° ber his remarkable knowledge of the game of base ball, of whfch hT?s a great admirer. Mr. Camp has edited Spalding's OflFicial Foot Ball Guide since It was first published, and also the Spalding AthletL Library bSk H?A°.T^i°/'^^,?^* ?^"- '^^^P is certainly no man in AmericanTollSe ciLp «"al>fied to write for Spalding's Athletic Library than S DR. LUTHER HALSEY GULICK The leading exponent of physical training In America; one who has worked hard to im- press the value of physical training in the schools; when physical training was combined ^ni'T^^''^^^'-''V ^\ *^^.^*- ^°">« Exposition in 1904 Dr. Guhck played an important part in that congress; he received several awards for his good work and had many honors conferred upon him; he is the author of a great many books on the subject; it was Dr. Gulick, who nro.oT„v«^ *ir~^ ui- o u ^<=^^"^ ?n tl^e suggestion of James E. Sullivan organized the Public Schools Athletic League of Greater New York and was Its first Secretary; Dr. Gulick was also for several years Directo, of JOHN B. FOSTER Successor to the late Henry Chadwick ( Father of Base Ball") as editor of Spald- ing s Official Base Ball Guide; sporting editor of the New York Evening Telegram; haa been in the newspaper business for many years and is recognized throughout America as a leading writer on the national game- a staunch supporter of organized base ball, his pen has always been used for the better* ment of the game. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY TIM MURNANE Base Ball editor of the Boston Globe and President of the New England Leagrue of Base Ball Clubs; one of the best known base ball men of the country; known from coast to coast; is a keen follower of the game and prominent in all its councils; nearly half a century ago was one of America's foremost players: knows the game thoroughly and writes from the point of view both of player and an official. HARRY PHILIP BURCHELL Sporting editor of the New York Times; graduate of the University of Pennsylvania; editor of Spalding's Official Lawn Tennis Annual; is an authority on the game; follows the movements of the players minutely and understands not only tennis but all other sub- jects that can be classed as athletics; no one is better qualified to edit this book than Mr. Burchell. GEORGE T. HEPBRON Former Young Men's Christian Association director; for many years an official of the Athletic League of Young Men's Christian Associations of North America ; was con- nected with Dr. Luther H. Gulick in Young Men's Christian Association work for over twelve years; became identified with basket ball when it was in its infancy and has fol- lowed it since, being recognized as the lead- ing exponent of the official rules; succeeded Dr. Gulick as editor of the Official Basket Ball Guide and also editor of the Spalding Athletic Library book on How to Play Basket Ball. ^ZM JAMES S. MITCHEL Former champion weight thrower; holder of numerous records, and is the winner of more championships than any other individual in the history of sport ; Mr. Mitchel is a close student of athletics and well qualified to write upon any topic connected with athletic sport; has been for years on the staff of tho New York Sun. EDITORS OF SPALDING' S ATHLETIC LIBRARY MICHAEL C. MURPHY The world's most famous athletic trainer; the champion athletes that he has developed for track and field sports, foot ball and base ball fields, would run into thousands; he became famous when at Yale University and has been particularly successful in developing what might be termed championship teams; his rare good judgment has placed him in an enviable position in the athletic world; now with the University of Pennsylvania ; dur- ing his career has trained only at two col- leges and one athletic club, Yale and the University o£ Pennsylvania and Detroit Athletic Club; his most recent triumph was that of training the famous American team of athletes that swept the field at the Olympic Games of 1908 at London. DR. C. WARD CRAMPTON Succeeded Dr. Gulick as director of physical training in the schools of Greater New York: as secretary of the Public Schools Athletic League is at the head of the most remarkable organization of its kind in the v/orld; is a practical athlete and gymnast himself, and has been for years connected with the physi- cal training system in the schools of Greater New York, having had charge of the Hi£:h School of Commerce. DR. GEORGE J. FISHER Has been connected with Y. M. C. A. work for many years as physical director at Cincin- nati and Brooklyn, where he made such a high reputation as organizer that he was chosen to succeed Dr. Luther H. Gulick as Secretary of the Athletic League of Y. M. C. A.'s of North America, when the latter resigned to take charge of the physical training in the Public Schools of Greater New York. DR. GEORGE ORTON On athletics, college athletics, particularly track and field, foot ball, soccer foot ball, and training of the youth, it would be hard to find one better qualified than Dr. Orton; has had the necessary athletic experience and the ability to impart that experience intelligently to the youth of the land; for years was the American, Britv^b ana Canadian champion runner. EDITORS OF SPALDING* S ATHLETIC LIBRARY FREDERICK R. TOOMBS A well known authority on skating', rowingr. boxing, racquets, and other athletic sports; was sporting editor of American Press Asso- ciation, New York; dramatic editor; is a law- yer and has served several terms as a member of Assembly of the Legislature of the State of New York; has written several novels and historical works. R. L. WELCH A resident of Chicago; the popularity of indoor base ball is chiefly due to his efforts; a player himself of no mean ability; a first- class organizer; he has followed the game of indoor base ball from its inception. DR. HENRY S. ANDERSON Has been connected with Yale University for years and is a recognized authority on gymnastics; is admitted to be one of the lead- ing authorities in America on gymnastic sub- jects; is the author of many books on physical training. CHARLES M. DANIELS Just the man to write an authoritative book on swimming; the fastest swimmer the world has ever known; member New York Athletic Club swimming team and an Olym- pic champion at Athens in 1906 and London, 1908. In his book on Swimming, Champion Daniels describes just the methods one must use to become an expert swimmer. GUSTAVE BOJUS Mr. Bojus is most thoroughly qualified to write intelligently on all subjects pertaining to gymnastics and athletics; in his day one of America's most famous amateur athletes; has competed successfully in gymnastics and many other sports for the New York Turn Verein; for twenty years he has been prom- inent in teaching gymnastics and athletics; was responsible for the famous gymnastic championship teams of Columbia University; now with the Jersey City high achoolo. EDITORS OF SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY CHARLES JACOBUS Admitted to be the "Father of Roque;" one of America's most expert players, win- ning the Olympic Championship at St. Louis in 1904; an ardent supporter of the game and follows it minutely, and much of the success of roque is due to his untiring efforts; certainly there is no one better qualified to write on this subject than Mr. Jacobus. DR. E. B. WAR MAN Well known as a physical training expert; was probably one of the first to enter the field and is the author of many books on the sub- ject; lectures extensively each year all over the country. W. J. CROMIE Now with the University of Pennsylvania; was formerly a Y. M. C. A. physical director; a keen student of all gymnastic matters; the author of many books on subjects pertaining to physical training. G. M. MARTIN By profession a physical director of the Young Men's Christian Association; a close student of all things gymnastic, and games for the classes in the gymnasium or cIuIm. PROF. SENAC A leader in the fencing world ; has main- tained a fencing school in New York for years and developed a great many cham- pions ; understands the science of fencing thoroughly and the benefits to be derived therefrom. SPALDING ATHIETIC LIBRARY P\ Giving tlie Titles of ail Spalding Aliiletic Library Books now /O l* s, in print, grouped lor ready reference ^ iJ ^G^ SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS No. I No. lA No. 2 No. 2A No. 3 No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 10 No. 12 Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Spalding' Official OfTicial Official Official Official Official Official Official Official Official Official Official Official Group I. Base Bail No. 1 Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. No. 202 How to Play Base Ball. No. 223 How to Bat. No. 232 How to Run Bases. No. 230 How to Pitch. No. 229 How to Catch. No. 225 How to Play First Base, No. 226 How to Play Second Base. No. 227 How to Play Third Base. No. 228 How to Play Shortstop. No. 224 How to Play the Outfield. How to Organize a Bate Ball Club. [League. How to Organize a Base Ball How to Manage a Base Ball Club. How toTrain a BaseBallTeam How to Captain a Base Ball How toUmpireaGame. [Team Technical Base Ball Terms. Ready Reckoner of Base Ball Percentages. BASE BALL AUXILIARIES No. lA Official Base Ball Record. No. 319 Minor League Base BallGuide No. 320 Official Book National League of Prof. Base Ball Clubs. No. 321 Official Handbook National Playground Ball Assn. Group II. Foot Ball No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide. No. 334 Code of the Foot Ball Rules. No. 324 How to Play Foot Ball. No. 2a Spalding's Official Soccer Foot Ball Guide. No. 286 How to Play Soccer. No. 231. L No. 219. Base Ball Guide Base Ball Record Foot Ball Guide Soccer Foot Ball Guide Cricket Guide Lawn Tennis Annual Golf Guide Ice Hockey Guide Basket Ball Guide Bowling Guide Indoor Base Ball Guide Roller Polo Guide Athletic Almanac FOOT BALL AUXILIARY No. 332 Spalding's Official Canadian Foot Ball Guide. Group III. cricKet No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket Guide. No. 277 Cricket and How to Play It. Group IV. Lawn Tennis No. 4 Spalding's Official Lawn Ten- nis Annual. No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawn Tennis. Group V. Golf No. 5 Spalding's Official Golf Guide No. 276 How to Play Golf . Group VI. Hochey No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey Guide. No. 304 How to Play Ice Hockey. No. 154 Field Hockey. (Lawn Hockey. No. 188 < Parlor Hockey, (Garden Hockey. No. 180 Ring Hockey. HOCKEY AUXILIARY No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario Hockey Association. Group VII. Bashet Ball No. 7 Spalding's Official Basket Ball Guide. No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. No. 318 Basket Ball Guide for Women. BASKET BALL AUXILIARY No. 323 Official Collegiate Basket Ball Handbook. ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS '^ SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY :=0C= IT Miscellaneous Games €roup VIII. Bowling No. 8 Spalding's Ojfficial Bowling Guide. Group IX. Indoor Base Ball No. 9 Spalding's Official Indoor Base Ball Guide. Group X. Polo No. 10 Spalding's Official Roller Polo Guide. No. 129 Water Polo. No. 199 Equestrian Polo. Group XI. No. 201 Lacrosse. No. 322 Official Handbook U. S. Inter- collegiate Lacrosse League. No. 248 Archery. No. 138 Croquet. No. 271 Roque. (Racquets. No. 194 < Squash-Racquets, (Court Tennis. No. 13 Hand Ball. No. 167 Quoits, No. 170 Push Ball. No. 14 Curling. No. 207 Lawn Bowls. No. 188 Lawn Games. No. 189 Children's Games. Group XII. Athletics No. 12 Spaldiiig's Official Athletic Almanac. No. 27 College Athletics. No. 182 All Around Athletics. No. 156 Athletes' Guide. No. 87 Athletic Primer. No. 273 Olympic Games at Athens.1906 No. 252 How to Sprint. No. 255 How to Run 100 Yards. No. 174 Distance and Cross Country Running. [Thrower. No. 259 How to Become a Weight No. 55 Official Sporting Rules, [boys. No. 246 Athletic Training for School- ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES No. 311 Amateur Athletic Union Offi- cial Handbook. [book. Intercollegiate Official Hand- Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook. Public Schools Athletic League Official Handbook. No. 314 Public Schools Athletic League Official Handbook — Girls' Branch. Official Handbook New York Interscholastic Athletic Association. Marathon Running. Schoolyard Athletics. No. 316 No. 302 No. 313 No. 308 No. 317 No. 331 Athletic Acconiplishmeots How to Swim. Speed Swimming. How to Row. How to Become a Skater. How to Train for Bicycling. Canoeing. Roller Skating Guide. Manly Sports ( By Breck.) Boxing. Fencing. ( By Senac.) Wrestling. How to Wrestle. Ground Tumbling. Jiu Jitsu. How to Swing Indian Clubs. Dumb Bell Exercises. Indian Clubs and Dumb Bells. Medicine Ball Exercises. Pulley Weight Exercises. How to Punch the Bag. Tumbling for Amateurs. Professional Wrestling. Group XV. Gymnastics No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- cises. [Dumb Bell Drills. Graded Calisthenics and Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. Indoor and Outdoor Gym- nastic Games. How to Become a Gymnast, Fancy Dumb Bell and March- ing Drills. [Apparatus. Pyramid Building Without Exercises on the Parallel Bars. Pyramid Building with Wands, Chairs and Ladders GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY No. 333 Official Handbook I. C. A. A. Gymnasts of America. Group XVI. Physical culture No. 161 Ten Minutes' E x e r c i s e for Busy Men. [giene. Physical Education and Hy- Scientific Physical Training and Care of the Body. Physical Training Simplified. Hints on Health. 285 Health Answers. Muscle Building. [ning. School Tactics and Maze Run- Tensing Exercises, [nasties. Health by Muscular Gym- Indigestion Treated by Gym- Get Well; Keep Well, [nasties. Twenty-Minute Exercises. Physical Training for the School and Class Room. Group XIII. No. 177 No. 296 No. 128 No, 209 No. 178 No. 23 No. 282 Group XIV. No. 18 Fencing. No. 162 No. 165 No. 140 No. 236 No. 102 No. 233 No. 166 No. 200 No, 143 No. 262 No. 29 No. 191 No. 289 No. 326 No. 214 No. 254 No. 158 No. 124 No. 287 No. 327 No. 328 No. 329 No. 208 No. 149 No. 142 No. 185 No. 213 No. 238 No. 234 No. 261 No. 285 No. 288 No. 290 No. 325 No. 330 ANY OF THE ABOVE BOOKS MAILED POSTPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 10 CENTS SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY Group I. Base Ball No. 1— SpnMing's Official Base Ball Guide. The leading Base Ball annual of the country, and the official authority of the game. Contains the official playing rules, with an explanatory index of the rules compiled by Mr. A. G. Spalding; pictures of all the teams in the National, American and minor leagues ; re- views of the season; college Base Ball, and a great deal of interesting in- formation. Price 10 cents. No. 202— Ho^ to I'lar Base Ball. Edited by Tim Murnan*. New and revised edition. Illustrated with pic- tures showing how all the various curves and drops are thrown and por- traits of leading players. Price 10 cents. No. 223— How to But. There is no better way of becoming a proficient batter than by reading this book and practising the directions. Numerous illustrations. Price 10 cents. No. 232— HoTT to Hun the , Baeies. This book gives clear and concise directions for excelling as a base run- ner; tells when to run and when not to do so; how and when to slide; team ■work on the bases; in fact, ever.v point of the game is thoroughly explained. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 23U— How to Pitch. A new, up-to-date book. Its contents *re the practical teaching of men who have reached the top as pitchers, and who know how to impart a knowledge of their art. All the big leagues' pitchers are shown. Price 10 cents. No. 229— How to Catoh. Every boy who has hopes of being a clever catcher should read how well- known players cover their position. Pictures of all the noted catchers in the big leagues. Price 10 cents. No. 225— How to Pluy First Base. Illustrated with pictures of all the prominent first basemen. Price lOcents. No. 22G— How to Play Second Base. The ideas of the best second basemen have been incorporated in this book for the especial benefit of boys who want to know the fine points of play at this point of the diamond. Price 10 cents. No. 227— How to Play Third Base. Third base is, in some respects, the most important of the infield. All the points explained. Price 10 cents. No. 22S— How to Play Short- stop. Shortstop is one of the hardest posi- -tions on the infield to fill, and quick thought and quick action are necessary for a player who expects to make good as a shortstop. lUus. Price 10 cents. An invaluable guide for the out- fielder. Price 10 cents. JJo. 231— How to Coach; How to Captain a Team; Hott to Manaere a Team; Hoir ^to Umpire: Hovr to Or- eaiiize oi Leaene; Tech- nical Terms of Base Ball, No 219— Ready Reckoner of Base Ball Percentases. To supply a demand for a book which would show the percentage of clubs without recourse to the irduous work of figuring, the publisher? had these tables compiled by an expert Price 10 cents. B\SK BALL, AlISlLIARIBS. Something new in Base Ball. Con- tains records of all kinds from the be- ginning of the Nt tional League and official averages of all professional or- ganizations for past season. 10 cents. The minors' own guide. Edited by President T. H. Murnane, of the New England League. Price 10 cents. No. 32U— OfHcial Handbook or the National l,euBiie of Professional Base Ball Cliihs. Contains the Constitution, By-Laws. Official Rules. Averages, and schedule of the National League for the current year, together with list of club ofi^cers and reports of the annual meetings of the League. Price 10 cents. No. 321— Official Handbook National Play«rround Bull Association. This game is specially adapted for playgrounds, parks, etc., is spreading rapidly. The book contains a descrip- tion of the game, rules and officers. Price 10 cents. Group II. Foot Ball No. 2— SpuldinK's Official Foot Bull Guide. Edited by Walter Camp. Contains the new rules, with diagram of field; All- America teams as selected by the leading authorities; reviews of the game from various sections of the country; scores; pictures. Price 10 cents. No. 3.14— Code of the Foot Ball Rules. This book is meant for the use of Officials, to help them to refresh their memories before a game and to afford them a quick means of ascertaining a point during a game. It also gives a ready means of finding a rule in the Official Rule Book, and is of great help to a pl.^yer in studying the Rules. Compiled by C.W. Short, Harvard, 1908. Price 10 cents. No. 324— How to Play Foot Ball. Edited by Walter Camp, of Yale. Everything that a beginner wants to know and many points that an expert will be glad to learn. Snapshots of leading teams and players in action, with comments by Walter Camp. Price 10 cents. No. 2A— Spuldine's Official Association Soccer Foot Ball Guide. A complete and up-to-' date guide to the "'Soccer" game in the United States, containing instructions for playing tltfe game, official rules, and interesting news from all parts of the .•niintrv- Ilhistrated. Ppiro No. 2SG— How to Play Soc- cer. •! How each position should be played. written by the best player in England in his respective position, and illus- trated with full-page photographs of players in action. Price 10 cents. FOOT BALL AUXILIARIES. No. 33^— Spaldlne'B Official Canadian Foot Ball Guide. The official book of the game in Can- ada. Price 10 cents. Group in. Cricket No. :t— SpaldiuK'a Official Cricket Guide. The most complete year book of the game that has ever been published in America. Reports of special matches, official rules and pictures of all the leading teams. Price 10 cents. No. 277— Cricket; and Ho'W to Play it. By Prince Ranjitsinhji. The game described concisely and illustrated with full-pape pictures posed especially for this book. Price 10 cents. Group IV. Lawn Tennis No. 4— Spaldins'a Official Lawn Tennis Annual. Contents include reports of all important tourna- ments; official ranking from 1885 to date; laws of awn tennis; instructions for handicapping; deci- sions on doubtful points: management of touma- ments; directory of clubs; ing out and keeping a court. Illusi trated. Price 10 cents. No. I.'i7— How to Play Lawn Tennis. A complete description of lawn ten- nis; a lesson for beginners and direc- tions telling how to make the most im- portant strokes. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. By P. A. Vaile, a leading authority on the game in Great Britain. Every stroke in the game is accurately illus- trated and analyzed by the author. Price 10 cents. Golf Group V. No. .'>— Spnldins's Golf Guide. Contains records of all important tournaments, articles on the game in various sections of the country, pictures of prom- inent players, official play- ing rules and general items of interest. Price 10 cents. No. 27C— How to Play Golf, By James Braid and Harry Vardon, the world's two-greatest players telL how they play the game, with numer SPALDING ATHLETIC UBRARY Group VI. Hockey No. C<»S pa 1«1 lug's Official Ice Hockey Guide. The official year book of the pame. Contains the official rules, pictures of leading teams and players, records, review of the season, reports from dif" ferent sections of the United States and Canada. Price 10 cents. Ko. ;j«)4— How to Play Ice Hookey. Con.tains a description of the duties of each player. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 154— Field Hockey. Prominent in the sports at Vassar. Smith. Wellesley. BrynMawrand other leading: colleges. Price 10 cents. No. TWfS — Lawn Hockey. I'nrlop Hockey, Garden Hookey. Containing the rules for each fifame. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. ISO— Ring Hockey. A new game for the gymnasium. Exciting as basket ball. Price 10 cents. HOCKEY AlAILIARY. No. :i5U— OlHoial Handbook of the Ontario Hockey Association. Contains the official rules of the Association, constitution, rules of com- petition, list of officers, and pictures of leading players. Price 10 cents. Group VIII. Bowling Group VII. Basket Ball No. 7— Spalding's OHicial Basket Ilall Gnide. Edited by George T. Hepbron. Contains the revised official rules, de- cisions on disputed points. records of prominent teams, reports on the game from various parts of the country. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. lO.t— How to Play Basket Ball. By G. T. Hepbron. editor of the Official Basket Ball Guide. Illustrated with scenes of action. Price 10 cents. No. ."^IS— Official Basket Ball Guide for \Vonien. Edited by Miss Senda Berenson. of Smith College. Contains the official playing rules and special articles on the game by prominent authorities. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. BASKET BALL, AUXILIARY. No. 323— ColIeKiate Basket Ball Handbook. The official publication of the Colle- giate Basket Ball Association. Con- tains the official rules, records. All- America selections, reviews, and pic- tures. Edited by H. A. Fisher, of iin.i u:. D.:../> in ^ont„ No. S— Spalding's Oincial Bowling Guide. The contents include: I diagrams of effective de- j liveries; hints to begin- how to score: official ! ?s; spares, how they made: rules for cocked hat, quintet, cocked hat and feather, battle game, etc. Price 10 cents. Group IX. Indoor Base Ball Ko. »— Spalding's Ollloial Ii door Base Ball Guide. America's national game ] is now vieing with other indoor games as a winter | pastime. This book con- tains the playing rules. pictures of leading teams, and interesting articles on the game by leading au- thorities on the subject. Price 10 cents. Group X. Polo No. lo— Spalding's Official Roller l>olu Guide. Edited by J. C. Morse. A full description of the game; official rules, re- cords; pictures of promi- nent players. Price IC cents ^o. 129— Water Polo. The contents of this book treat of every detail, the individual work of the players, the practice of the team, how to throw the ball, with illustrations and many valuable hints. Price 10 cents. \o. 11)0— Eciuestrlnn Polo. Compiled by H. L. Fitzpatrick of the New York Sun. Illustrated with por- traits of leading players, and contains most useful information for polo play- ers. Price 10 cents. -, ___ Miscellane- GroupXI. ous Games \o. 201 — Lacrosse. Every position is thoroughly ex- plained in a most simple and concise manner, rendering it the best manual of the game ever published. Illus- trated with numerous snapshots of im- portant plays. Price 10 cents. No. 322— Official Handbook I'. S. Inter-Collegiate La- crosse League. Contains the constitution, by-laws, playingrules.listof officers and records of the association. Price 10 cents. >o. 271— Spalding's Official Roque Guide. The official publication of the Na- tional Koque Association of America. Contains a description of the courts and their construction, diagrams, illus- trations, rules and valuable informa- tion. Price 10 cents. No. 13.S— Spalding's Official Croquet Guide Contains directions for playing, dia- grams of important strokes, description of grounds, instructions for the begin- ner, terms used in the game, and the No. 248 — Archery. A new and up-to-date book on this fascinating pastime. The several varieties of archery; instructions for shooting: how to select implements; how to score: and a great deal of inter- esting information. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 104 — Racquets, Sqnash- Racquets and Court Ten- nis. How to play each game is thoroughly explained, and all the difficult strokes shown by special photographs taken especially for this book. Contains the official ruleo for each game. Price 10 cents. No. 1G7— Qnoits. Contains a description of the plays used by experts and the official rules. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 170— Push Ball. This book contains the official rules and a sketch of the game; illustrated. Price 10 cents. By the world's champion, Michael Egan. Every play is thoroughly ex- plained by text and diagram. Illus- trated. Price 10 cents. No. 14— Curling. A short history of this famous Scot- tish pastime, with instructions for play, rules of the game, definitions of ■terms and diagrams of different shots. Price 10 cents. No. 207— Bowling on the Green; or. Lawn BoTvIs. How to construct a green; how to play the game, and the official rules of the Scottish Bowling Association. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 180— Children's Oamea. These games are intended for use at recesses, and all but the team games have been adapted to large classes. Suitable for children from three to eight years, and include a great variety. Price 10 cents. No. IsS— La^TH Games. Lawn Hockey, Garden Hockey, Hand Tennis. Tether Tennis: also Volley Ball. Parlor Hockey, Badminton, Bas- ket Goal. Price 10 cents. Group Xn. Athletics No. 12— Spalding's Official Athletic Almanac. Compiled by J. E. Sulli- van, President of the Ama- teur Athletic Union. The only annual publication now issued that contains a complete list of amateur best-on-records; intercol- I legiate, swimming, inter- 1 scholastic, English, Irish, Swedish, Continental, South African, Australasian; numerous photos of in- dividual athletes and leading athletic teams. Price 10 cents. No. 27— College Athletics. M. C. Murphy, the well-known ath- letic trainer, now with Pennsylvania, the author of this book, has written it especially for the schoolboy and college man, but it is invaluable for the athlete who wishes to excel in any branch of athletic sport; profusely illustrated. Scotch. SPALDING ATHLEnC LIBRARV No. 182— All-Aronnd Ath- letics. Gives- in full the method of scoring the All-Around Championship; how to train for the AU-Around Champion- ship. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 15«— Athlete's Gnide. Full instructions for the beginner, telling how to sprint, hurdle, jump and throw weights, general hints on train- ing: valuable advice to beginners and important A. A. U. rules and their ex- planations, while the pictures comprise many scenes of champions in action. Price 10 cents. No. 273— The Olympic Games at Athens. A complete account of the Olympic Games of 1906, at Athens, the greatest International Athletic Contest ever held. Compiled by J. E. Sullivan, Special United States Commissioner to the Olympic Games. Price 10 cents. No. 87- Athletic Priiner. Edited by J. E. Sullivan. President of the Amateur Athletic Union. Tells how to organize an athletic club, how to conduct an athletic meeting, and gives rules for the government of ath- letic meetings; contents also include directions for laying out athletic grounds, and a very instructive article on training. Price 10 cents. No. 252— Ho'tT to Sprint. Every athlete who aspires to be a sprinter can study this book to advan- tage. Price 10 cents. No. 265— HoTT to Ran 100 Yards. By J. W. Morton, the noted British champion. Many of Mr. Morton's methods of training are novel to American athletes, but his success is the best tribute to their worth. Illus- trated. Price 10 cents. No. 174— Distance and Cross- country Running. By George Orton, the famous Uni- versity of Pennsylvania runner. The quarter, half, mile, the longer dis- tances, and cross-country running and steeplechasing, with instructions for training; pictures of leading athletes in action, with comments by the editor. Price 10 cents. No. 259— Weieht Throwlngr. Probably no other man in the world has had the varied and long experience of James S. Mitchel, the author, in the weight throwing department of ath- letics. The book gives valuable infor- mation not only for the novice, but for the expert as well. Price 10 cents. No. 246— Athletic Training for Schoolboys. By Geo. W. Orton. Each event in the intercollegiate programme is treated of separately. Price 10 cents. 9lO. 55— Official Sportins Rales. Contains rules not found in other publications for the government of many sports; rules for wrestling, shuffleboard, snowshoeing. profes- sional racing, pigeon shooting, dog racing, pistol and revolver shooting, British water polo rules, Rugby foot ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES. No. 311— Official Handbook of the A.A.U. The A. A. U. is the governing body of athletes in the United States of America, and all games must be held under its rules, which are exclusively published in this handbook, and a copy should be in the hands of every athlete and every club officer in America. Also includes a very interesting article on "The Growth of American Ath- letics," and a short biography of each member of the Board of Governors. Price 10 cents. No. 31(>— Official Intercolle- eiate A. A. A. A. Handbook. Contains constitution, by-laws, and laws of athletics; records from 1876 to date. Price 10 cents. So. 308- Official Handbook New York Inter.schol- antic Athletic Associa- tion. Contains the Association's records, constitution and by-laws and other information. Price 10 cents. No. 3— Speed SwlmminB. By Champion C. M. Daniels of the New York Athletic Club team, holder of numerous American records, and the best swimmer in America qualified to write on the subject. Any boy should be able to increase his speed in the water after reading Champion Daniels' instructions on the subject. Price 10 cents. No. 23 — Canoeing:. Paddling, sailing, cruising and rac- ing canoes and their uses; with hints on rig and management; the choice of a canoe; sailing canoes, racing regula- tions: canoeing and camping. Fully illustrated. Price 10 cents. Contains advice for beginners; how to beco-Tie a figure skater, showing how to do all the different tricks of the best figure skaters. Pictures of prominent skaters and numerous diagrams. Price 10 cents. No. 2S2— Official Roller Skat- ing- Guide. Directions for becoming a fancy and trick roller skater, and rules for roller skating. Pictures of prominent trick skaters in action. Price 10 cents. No. 17S— How to Train for Dicycling. Gives methods of the best riders when training for long or short distance races; hints on training. Revised and up-to-date in every particular. Price 10 cents. Group XIV. Ks No, 140— Wrestling. Catch-as-catch-can style. Seventy illustrations of the different holds, pho- tographed especially and so described that anybody can with little effort learn every one. Price 10 cents. No. 18— Fencing. By Dr. Edward Breck, of BostotH editor of The Swordsman, a promi»- nent amateur fencer. A book that has stood the test of time, and is universally acknowledged to be a standard work. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 1G2— Boxing Guide. Contains over 70 pages of illustrations showing all the latest blows, posed especially for this book under the super, vision of a well-known instructor of boxing, who makes a specialty of teach- ing and knows how to impart his knowledge. Price 10 cents. No. 165— The Art of Fencing By Regis and Louis Senac, of New York, famous instructors and leading authorities on the subject. Gives in detail how every move should be made. Price 10 cents. No. 236— How to Wrestle. The most complete and up-to^late book on wrestling ever published. Edited by F. R. Toombs, and devoted principally to special poses and illustra- tions by George Hackenschmidt. the. SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY No. 102— Ground TunibllnB. Any boy. by reading this book and foUowing the instructions, can become proficient. Price 10 cents. No. 28l>— Tumbline: tor Ama- tenrs. Specially compiled for amateurs by Dr. James T. Gwathmey. Every variety of the pastime explained by text and pictures, over IC'O different positions being: shown. Price 10 cents. No, I'Jl— HoiT to Punch the Dug. The best treatise on bag punching that has ever been printed. Every va- riety of blow used in training is shown and explained, with a chapter on fancy bag punching by a well-known theatri- cal bag puncher. Price 10 cents. No. 143— Indian Cluba and Dumb-Bells. By America's amateur champion club swinger. J. H. Dougherty. It is clearly illustrated, by which any novice can become an expert. Price 10 cents. No. 200— Dumb-Bells. The best work on dumb-bells that has ever been offered. By Prof. G. Bojus. of New York. Contains 200 photographs. Should be in the hands of every teacher and pupil of physical culture, and is invaluable for home exercise. Price 10 cents. Ball Ex- No. 2G2— Medici erciaes. A series of plain and practical exer- cises with the medicine ball, suitable for boys and girls, business and profes- sional men. in and out of gymnasium. Price 10 cents. No. 29— Pulley Weight Exer- CiNCS. By Dr. Henry S. Anderson, instructor in heavy gymnastics Yale gymnasium. In conjunction with a chest machine anyone with this book can become perfectly developed. Price 10 cents. No. 233— Jiu Jltsn. Each move thoroughly explained and illustrated with numerous full-page pictures of Messrs. A. Minami and K. Koyama, two of the most famous ex- ponents of the art of Jiu Jitsu, who posed especially for this book. Price 10 cents. By Prof. E. B. Warman. By follow- ing the directions carefully anyone can become an expert. Price 10 cents. No. 320 — Profe.s.sional >Vrest- A book devoted to the catch-as-catch- can style; illustrated with half-tone pictures showing the different holds used by Frank Gotch, champion catch- as-catch-can wrestler of the world. Posed by Dr. Roller and Charles Postl. By Ed. W. Smith. Sporting Editor of the Chicago American. Price 10 cents. Group XV. Gymnastics No. 104— The Grading of Gymnastic Exercises. By G. M. Martin. A book that should be in the hands of every physical direc- tor of the Y. M. C. A., school, club, col- Icira. ate. Price 10 cento. No. 214— Graded Calisthen- ics and Ounib-Dell Drills. For years it has been the custom in most gymnasiums of memorizing a set drill, which was never varied. Conse- quently the beginner was given the same kind and amount as the older member. With a view to giving uni- formity the present treatise is at- tempted. Price 10 cents. No. 2S4— Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. Edited by Dr. R. Tait McKenzie. Director Physical Training, University of Pennsylvania. Profusely illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 158 — Indoor and Outdoor Gyiiinastic Games. A book that will prove valuable to in- door and outdoor gymnasiums, schools, outings and gatherings where there are a number to be amused. Price 10 cents. No. 124— How to Become a Gymnast. By Robert Stoll, of the New York A. C., the American champion on the flying rings from 1885 to 1892. Any boy can easily become proficient with a little practice. Price 10 cents. All concede that games and recreative exercises during the adolescent period are preferable to set drills and monoton- ous movements. These drills, whilede- signed primarily for boys, can be used successfully with girls and men and women. Profusely illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. :t27— Pyramid Building Without Apparatus. By W. J. Cromie, Instructor of Gymnastics. University of Pennsyl- vania. With illustrations showing many different combinations. This book should be in the hands of all gym- nasium instructors. Price 10 Cents. By W. J. Cromie. Every gymnast should procure a copy of this book. Illustrated with cuts showing many novel exercises. Price 10 cents. No. 32!» — I'yrnmid Building ■»vitlt Chairs, AVands and Liadders. By W. J. Cromie. Illustrated with half-tone photopraphs showing many interesting combinations. Price 10 cents. GYMNASTIC AUXILIARY. No. 33."?- Official Hantlbook Inter-Collegiate Associa- tion Amateur Gymnasts of America. Edited by P. R. Carpenter, Physical Director Amherst College. Contains pictures of leading teams and individual champions, official rules governing con- tests, records. Price 10 cents. ^,r» Physical Group XVI. Culture No. 1(J1— Ten Minutes' Exet- cise for Busy Men. By Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick, Direc- tor of Physical Training in the New York Public Schools. A concise and complete course of physical education. No. 20.S — Phv.sicul Education and Hygiene. This is the fifth of the Physical Training series, by Prof. E. B. Warman (see Nos. 142. 149. 166. 185. 213.261, 290.) Price 10 cents. No.l4!>— The Careof the Body. A book that all who value health should read and follow its instructions. By Prof. E. B. Warman, the well-known lecturer and authority on physical cul- ture. Price 10 cents. No. 142— Physical Traluinff Siiup lilted. By Prof. E. B. Warman. A complete, thorough and practical book where the whole man is considered— brain and body. Price 10 cents. No. IS.-— Health Hints. By Prof. E. B. Warman. Health in- fluenced by insulation; health influ- enced by underwear; health influenced by color; exercise. Price 10 cents. No. 21.3— 2S.'> Health AnsT^ers. By Prof. E. B. Warman. Contents: ventilating a bedroom; ventilating a house; how to obtain pure air; bathing; salt water baths at home; a substitute for ice water; to cure insomnia, etc., etc. Price 10 cents. No. 2.tS— Muscle Building. By Dr. L. H. Gulick, Director of Phy- sical Training in the New York Public Schools. A complete treatise on the correct method of acquiring strength. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. No. 234— School Tactics and .■^lay.e Kuniiing. A series of drills for the use of schools. Edited by Dr. Luther. Halsey Gulick. Director of Physical Trair.ing in the New York Public Schools. Price 10 cents. No. 2(>1— Tensing Exercises. By Prof. E. B. Warman. The 'Tenr sing" or "Resisting" system of mus- cular exercises is the most thorough, the most complete, the most satisfac- tory, and the most fascinating of sys- tems. Price 10 cents. No. 2.S5— Health: by Musev- lar Gymna.stics. With hints on right living. By W. J. Cromie. If one will practice the exer- cises and observe the hints therein contained, he will be amply repaid for so doing. Price 10 cents. No. 28S— Indigestion Treated by Gymnastics By W. J. Cromie. If the hints there- in contained are observed and the exercises faithfully performed great relief will be experienced. Price 10 cents. No. 200— Get Well; Keep Well. By Prof. E. B. Warman, author of a number of books in the Spalding Ath- letic Library on physical training. Price 10 cents. No. 32.'>— Twenty- Slinute Ex- By Prof. E. B. Warman. with chap- ters on " How to Avoid Growing Old." and "Fasting; Its Objects and Bene- fits." Price 10 cents. No. 330— Pliysical Training: for the School and Class Hoom. Edited by G. R. Borden, Physical Director of the Y. M. C. A.. Easton, Pa. A book that is for practical work in the school room. lUuitrated. PricQ 10 cents. JAMES E. SULLIVAN, President Amateur Athletic Union. Member Board of Education of Greater New York. Spalding's jJthletic Library Group XII. ^o. 331 Schoolyard Athletics Giving T)ire&ions for Conducing Organized Athletic Adivities in the Schoolyard James E. Sullivan 'President Jlmateur Jlthletic Union; Member ^oard of Education of Greater tJ^ew York. 'Prepared for the Use of "teachers. Officials and Pupils 'Published by jJmerican Sports Publishing Company 21 Warren Street, tKew York Copyright, 1909 BY American Sports Publishing Company New York CI.A251351 CONTENTS. PAGE Intkoduction 5 Chapter 1 7 Organization — Events — Officials — The Meaning of Rules — Order of Events. Chapter II 10 Schedule of Work. Chapter III 13 Management. Chapter IV 14 Games Committee — Director — Referee — Starter — Clerk of the Course — Inspectors — Judges at Fin- ish — Field Judges — Timers — Chief Scorer — Mar- shal — Official Announcer — Official Reporter — Com- petitors — Protests. Chapter V 24 The Finish — An Announcing Board — Lanes. Chapter VI 35 Training. Chapter VII 29 General Practice. Chapter VIII 32 The Start for Sprinting — Relay Racing — Flag Re- lay — Hurdle Racing — Three-Legged Race — Sack Racing — Potato Racing. Chapter IX 37 Putting the Shot — Standing Broad Jump — Run- ning Broad Jump — Standing High Jump — Run- ning High Jump — Running Hop, Step and Jump — Standing Hop, Step and Jump — Three Standing Jumps. PAGE Chapter X 45 Handicapping. Chapter XI 47 Final Hints. Chapter XII 53 Putting the Shot, by Martin J. Sheridan. Chapter XIII 54 Standing Broad Jump, by Ray C. Ewry. Chapter XIV 57 Standing High Jump, by Ray C. Ewry. Chapter XV 60 Hurdle Racing, by Harry Hillman. Chapter XVI 63 Three-Legged Racing, by Harry Hillman. Chapter XVII 65 High Jumping, by Harry F. Porter. Chapter XVIII 69 Class Athletics of the Public Schools of Greater New York — Athletic Badge Tests. Chapter XIX 73 Setting-up Exercises, by W. G. George. Official Eules Public Schools Athletic League. 77 Governing the Competitors — The Track — The Course — Relay Racing — Potato Racing — The Shot — Running High Jump — Running Broad Jump — Standing Broad Jump — The Hurdles — Ties — The Finish — Protests. Spalding's athletic library. INTRODUCTIOX. The schoolyard of the future will of course be used for general play as heretofore, but the advantage of organized play over general play is admitted by all, hence unorgan- ized play and activities are being replaced by organized play. The games that are suitable to schoolyard play are many. This book is devoted exclusively to competitive events generally designated as "track and field athletics" and is arranged with the view of giving to the teacher who is not an expert the proper idea of the management of an athletic competition and also as a guide to the pupil com- petitor. Nearly all forms of athletics, track and field particularly, can be conducted in almost any schoolyard, and the advan- tages to the pupil of competing under proper regulations and rules must appeal to all. Athletics in the schoolyards must from now on be considered part of the curriculum. Properly conducted athletics in a schoolyard will mean a great deal for the school. The pupil also receives that preliminary training which is absolutely essential when he competes in track and field athletics outside of his schoolyard. Owing to the limited space in most school- yards the list of events herein described is somewhat modified, but this can be the basis for all to work on who desire to improve the general athletic ability of the pupils in any one school. Spalding's athletic library. CHAPTER I. Organization. The first step for the proper organization of athletics in a school must be the formation of an association; this sliould of course be named after the particular school wherein the organization is effected. This general organi- zation should be presided over by either the principal or the teacher assigned to the work. Then properly elected officials should be chosen. In many schools such an or- ganization now exists. This association should be an association of each class; in that way the individual pupils in their respective classes can be controlled. Each class should have its track and field captain. This gives to the boys an organization of their own and makes them more interested. Events. The following events can be conducted in almost any schoolyard 60 yards in length: Flag race, relay race, shot put, high jump, broad jump, hurdle race, 40 or 50 yards dash, potato race, three-legged race, hop, step and jump, hopping, sack race, standing high jump, standing broad jump and high kick. Officials. It is very necessary that all class and school athletic games be conducted according to the laws of athletics, and it is a simple matter for the teacher in charge to study the 8 Spalding's athletic library. rules and explain to the officials just how each event must be conducted. The pupils also must be familiarized with the rules and have any doubtful points explained to them before each competition. In schoolyard work it would be best to have the teachers act as officials, if they can be secured. If not^ then the pupils must be relied upon, tak- ing the older pupils for the official positions, so that when an athletic event is scheduled it shall be properly con- ducted with the regular number of officials. The Meaning of Rules. Do not attempt to hold athletic games unless you thor- oughly know the rules. Study them and have them explained, and then live up to them, for by adhering to the rules you will teach the pupils law, order and obedi- ence, and the fact is clearly brought out that if the events are conducted according to law, they must play fair. The teacher should make it a point to see that each and every pupil is given a fair show, that there is no favorite, and that everyone is absolutely on an equal footing. It is a healthy condition if the entire school can compete on a basis of this kind. It helps the cause materially. Order of Events. In order to get the best results from schoolyard work there should be individual practice. If possible invite some prominent athlete to visit the school and show the boys just how to perform in the one particular event in which he is proficient. In many cases this instruction can be given by the physical director, but in the absence of Spalding's athletic library. 9 a ph3^sical director an invitation to any prominent athlete is almost sure to be accepted and great good will undoubt- edly result from his visit to the schoolyard. After individual practice, each class having had its own period, class games should be arranged. As it would be impossible to have all the events decided in one after- noon, two or three events should be selected for certain afternoons or mornings, giving a variety, say a relay race, a shot putting contest and a jump, alternating with the other events on the schedule previously given. It is advis- able to have all the competitions as scratch events for the first week or two. After that follow with handicap events. The method of handicapping is fully described in another part of this book. Handicapping gives to the athletes who are not experts a chance to compete on equal terms with the more proficient, and stimulates interest. 10 Spalding's athletic library. CHAPTEE 11. Schedule of Work. To hold all the events in a schoolyard in one afternoon, in an hour or so, is absolutely impossible and is certain to bring about disorganization. It is therefore much better to have a fixed schedule of events for each day, so as not to discourage the pupils or tire out those who are helping the cause of athletics in the schools by contributing their time to its advancement. In nearly all cases the work is performed by teachers who volunteer their services, par- ticularly in the New York schools. The volunteers should not be overtaxed. Monday — 40 yards dash, shot put, hop, step and jump. Tuesday — Shot put, standing high jump, hurdle race. Wednesday — Potato race, running high jump, standing broad jump. Thursday — Class team race, 50 yards (teams of entire classes) ; sack racing, standing high jump. Friday — Flag race, relay race, three-legged race, potato race. If tlie boys wish to compete in any one particular event let them select for themselves the one in which they wish to compete. The foregoing events are to be the fixed athletic events of the day. They are to be proj^erly managed, just as though they were held for the championship of the city, but prior to or after the events are finished the teacher in SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. H charge should allow the boys to practice at their special- ties, except running, if they desire. z\ll other activities should cease while the floor is being used for sprinting. On some Saturday the teacher in charge should endeavor to get an athletic field or some large plot of ground for a scratch athletic meeting to include all of the events. For this meeting medals can be given to the boys that score the greatest number of points, scoring on the basis of five points for first, three for second and one for third. For such a meeting the following events can be arranged: 50 yards dash, shot put, running high jump, standing broad jump, hurdle race, hop, step and jump, flag race, potato race and class team race. It will encourage the boys to alternate repeatedly from scratch to handicap events. Do not try the weight classification until it is really neces- sary. It is much better, if possible, to get the boys grouped together in sizes. The director in charge can arbitrarily select the different classes if he does not like the weight proposition. He can use the weight or size system or he can have them in different groups according to ability. As previously stated, however, the idea of having boys make weight is injurious and the method should be abolished. In all schoolyard competitions open to boys from differ- ent classes, arrange the preliminary heats so that only one boy from each class will be in each heat. Do not have two boys from one class in one heat. If semi-final heats are necessarv before the final is reached, it may of course result that two or three boys from one class will come into one heat, but it should be made a point to try to separate them as much as possible. Spalding's athletic library. 13 CHAPTER III. Management. It is always good judgment in class athletics, team races, and dashes to keep apart in the preliminary heats the best boys of each class. The physical director will of course know the ability of the different boys from their practice games. At certain periods other games than those here men- tioned will undoubtedly be played, such as basket ball, base ball, etc., and the director should make it a point to have different periods for different activities. The rigid discipline of field and track will be one of the greatest allies to general school discipline. It will be one of the greatest helps in developing in the boy those valu- able traits of character — self-control, obedience, honest effort, and the spirit of fair play. All athletic events, whether merely preliminary or whether they are to decide championships, should be con- ducted in a strictly official manner. For schoolyard ath- letics as herein described, the number of officials need not be very great. But these schoolyard athletics are a prepa- ration for larger championship meets, and for the proper conduct of such meets many officials and regulations are necessary. 14 Spalding's athletic library. CHAPTER IV. G-AMEs Committee. The games committee must manage the meeting, decide where the games are to be held, what events shall be con- tested, what prizes, if any, shall be given, select the officials, get out the entry blanks, if it is an open school meeting, attend to the advertising and arrange the field in advance, see that the proper distances are marked off, the start and finish clearly recorded, handicaps marked off (if it is a handicap meeting), see that there is a ball of finish tape, a measuring rod, steel tape, score cards, and have all arrangements intelligently followed out up to the hour of calling the officials into the ring to start the meeting. The games committee should pass on the qualifications of all entrants, and reserve the right to reject any if they so desire. There is no necessity of giving any excuse to the athlete whose entry is rejected. Director. The director of the games should be the chairman of the games committee, as he must have followed all the details of the meeting from beginning to end. As there are usually many questions to be asked during a meeting it is the director's duty to be on the grounds throughout the course of the games and see that there is no hitch. SPALDING^S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 15 Referee. The referee is really the most important official. He must of necessity be a man of great experience^ particularly if the meeting is an important one. It is good judg- ment to select as referee a man who has been a competing athlete or one who has officiated at games repeatedly and understands athletics thoroughly. He must know the rules and must know precedents if no rule is found to cover any particular case. In all cases not covered by the rule the referee's decision is final. On the question of fouls his decision — and his decision only — shall be taken. Under no circumstances may a starter start a race or a heat until he has. received instructions from the referee to do so. The referee has no authority whatever to overrule a law that has been established by the governing body; he must obey the rule book. Starter. The starter alone has absolute charge of the competitors after they have been placed on their marks and checked off by the clerk of the course. He should penalize them if they go over the mark before the signal, but under no cir- cumstances can the starter recall the contestants unless the pistol has been accidentally discharged. After the starter tells the men to take their marks, get set, and fires the pistol there is no recall. The starter must see that the men are back of the starting line, or back of their marks in handicap races. Their hands must not be on the line; thev must be back of the line. Spalding's athletic library. 17 If possible it is a very good plan in practice games, class or school games always to have the starter use a .22 caliber pistol with blank cartridges. It gives the boy the feel- ing that he is in a real race and makes it official. The starter should be one of the teachers that understands athletics. He should be firm. It is customary for the starter to stand behind the boys, holding the pistol above his head, so as to give the timers a good view of the flash. Before the boys go to their mark he must instruct them how he is going to start them. He should see, if they take the crouch start, that the boys' hands are behind the line and not over the line. The regular method of instruction from the starter to the boys should be somewhat as follows : ^'^N'ow, boys, take your marks." At that the four or five boys who are in the heat walk to their marks. He then tells them to get set. After they become set and steady, he fires the pistol. The boys should not be kept too long on their marks, because they are anxious to start and will break away if the starter is a bit tardy. He must watch the boys and, just as they are set, shoot them off. However, he must not get into the habit of shooting the boys off too rapidly. That does not give them the right kind of practice. Hold them just long enough, so that they will not think they can beat the gun whenever they wish. A clever starter will be on the alert and a penalty will be the result. The start must be made fairly. It should be the duty of the teacher or director to impress upon the boys the fact that they should not try to beat the pistol, that it is not fair play. There is a great deal, of course, in getting a quick start, but a quick 18 start does not mean an unfair start, whereas beating the pistol certainly does. Clerk of the Course. The clerk of the course, at a given signal from the referee, should call the men out, check them off, and before they start in an event report to the referee and inform him how many answered the roll call. The referee will then arrange the heats and designate how many boys will start in each heat. There should be several assistant clerks of the course, whose duty it is to perform the work assigned to them by the clerk of the course, which is usually to take charge of the various events, go to the dressing rooms and get the men out and make preliminary calls to the contestants. Inspectors. The inspector is an assistant to the referee. The referee places the inspectors usually at the four corners of the track, or at any other point near the track that he may think requires 25articular watching, for instance, at the start of a race if it is close to the bend. The inspectors shall report any Jostling, interference or anything that looks like a foul^ and the referee will then make his decision. An inspector has absolutely no right whatever to disqualify a contestant. Judges at Finish. Three or more judges at finish may serve. The best rule in America for judges at finish is found in the Public Schools Athletic League Handbook (fSpalding's Athletic Spalding's athletic library. 19 Library, Group XII, No. 313), Rule 5, because it gives to the rules committee the power to indicate the judges at finish, who shall pick first man, second man, third man, fourth man, etc. It is a good rule, but it is very seldom lived up to in the Public Schools Athletic League. If there are three judges they usually stand two on one side of the track and one on the other; if there are only two judges, one stands on one side and one on the other. The judges should always confer before they announce their decision, in order to see if they agree. If they disagree the majority shall rule. The judges must watch their men carefully and note how they finish. They should see who finishes fourth, in case one of the first three men should be disqualified. The judges have no power over the contest- ants ; they cannot disqualify them ; they merely place them in their different positions as they cross the finish line. Judges at finish become expert only after years of ser- vice. It is an easy proposition to pick the men in some races, but in places where only inches separate the men it requires a keen, experienced eye. Officials should stand back from the finish post four or five feet, so that they can see the start, watch the men for at least three-fourths of the way, and then fix their eyes upon the finish line. Expert judges have found this to be the surest way of judging. Always carefully follow with your eye the man whom you have been designated to place. If it is the sec- ond man, follow him; if the third man, follow him. Field Judges. There should be three field judges appointed for each SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 21 event. They should measure each and every performance and give to the scorer the correct and official distance. They have no power to disqualify or to penalize a con- testant. They have the power to decide if a try is foul, and can excuse a contestant from his field event to take part in his track event and give him his missing turns after a reasonable time. Timers. Three timers should be selected, and at least two of tlie three should be very experienced in their office. The timers time each event separately. The time is taken from the flash of the pistol, not the report. The timers must stand directly on a line with and at the finish line; if they do not they cannot get the correct time. Chief Scorer. The chief scorer should superintend the placing of the assistant scorers. He should see that there are score cards for the assistant scorers, who should return the score cards to him, or to the referee, so that in case of an argument the score cards can be referred to and the matter settled. In all distance races the chief scorer should score the number of laps himself, or assign that work to one of his most competent assistants. Marshal. The marshal and his assistants are to see that order is maintained, keep the athletes who are not competing off the field and exclude all but officials and actual competitors from the inner field. The marshal may, if he so desires. 32 Spalding's athletic library. report to the referee any athlete who refuses to leave the field when he has no husiness there and the referee can disqualify the offender. OrnciAL Announcer. The official announcer receives from the judges at finish the order in which the men finished, and from the timers the official time. He likewise receives the name of the winner of each field event from the field judges and the time or distance of the various athletes, and announces the same. Official Eeporter. The official reporter is usually someone who represents the press. He is supposed to keep in touch with the judges, timers and field judges and get from them the official infor- mation to give to the members of the press. Competitors. Competitors must report to the clerk of the course at the starting point of each competition. They must take up the position assigned to them by the clerk of the course and must obey the starter and other officials, and behave themselves in a lawful manner. In all straightaway races the contestants must run in their own lanes; if a com- petitor leaves his lane the referee can disqualify him if he interferes with any other contestant. In all races on a circular path the contestant must maintain his own course ; he cannot pass a man on the inside unless there is ample room to do so. In passing a man he must be at least two strides ahead of him before he takes the pole and in all Spalding's athletic library. 23 races of this kind he must, when on the straightaway for home, run in a direct line and not cross in and out. A contestant shall not coach in a race; if he does the referee can disqualify him. Protests. Protests are of several kinds. One may be as to the boy's eligibility to compete. The games committee decide that. If it is a protest during the games it goes to the referee. If it is a protest that affects the amateur standing of a competitor it must be referred to the registration com- iT^ittee of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States. A boy can compete under protest, and his prize, if he wins one, is withheld, pending a trial. 24 Spalding's athletic library. CHAPTER V. The Finish. The finish line is whitewashed on the floor or ground between two wooden posts. The finish occurs when any part of the body except the hands and arms reaches the line. No competitor shall be considered to have finished unless his entire body shall have crossed the line. An Announcing Board. It is a good plan to have in a prominent place on the infield an announcing board to record the event and the numbers of those who finished first, second and third in any particular heat or event, witli their time or distance. One of the best announcing boards in America was that used by the Recreation League at its games in the Sixty- ninth Regiment, New York, when a revolving board was used which gave excellent satisfaction. Lanes. Never think of having sprint races without having lanes staked out if outdoors; or whitewashed or painted, if indoors. A good way to mark out lanes if one is in a hurry is to thoroughly chalk a cord, lay it on the floor, draw it taut and snap it; a chalk mark will then be left on the floor. A schoolboy should never be allowed to run without lanes. They save confusion and often prevent the runner from being disqualified. Spalding's athletic library. 26 CHAPTEK VI. Training. iSTowadays a great deal is heard of the training — athlet- ically — of the schoolboy. A schoolboy requires no train- ing, as the word is understood in athletic circles. The schoolboy requires play; he must take athletics as he does play, and training should consist merely in showing the boy the correct way in which he should proceed. Show him how to put the shot, how to get down for the start of a sprint, how to hold his arms, body and feet in the broad jump. Grive the boy an example of just what he is to do ; then let him play his own game. That is athletics for the school- boy. Omit in all cases that you possibly can the arranging of boys in any kind of competition that calls for weight. The training of boys entered by weight classification is something that should be discouraged, for the simple rea- son that in many cases if a boy is to go into an eighty- pound class event and he weighs, say, eiglit3^-two pounds, he will resort to some unnatural means to take off those two pounds, and that unnatural means will eventually harm the boy. In the writer's years of athletic experience many in- stances have come to his knowledge where, through igno- rance, harmful advice for reducing weight has been given to boys. They are sometimes instructed to take physic, to get up a copious perspiration, or to use other rigorous methods of reduction, which cannot but injure their health. Spalding's athletic library. 27 In some cases, it is said, young boys have been sent to Turkish baths to reduce their weight for a race. Several of such baths in a few days will injure a boy — ^liis vitality will be sapped. Weight competition is not at all objectionable if the boys are taken at their ordinary weight, without training, diet- ing or physicing. The harm comes when the boys diet, perspire and take physic to reduce their weight. Perhaps it may be necessary for the Public Schools Athletic Leagues to have their championships conducted on a weight basis, but in all preliminary scliool athletics, all classification by weight should be abolished. When the team is made up for the championships, if they have to be picked out, pick them out without training as to their w^eight. It is advisable therefore that the class teacher or the one in control devise other bases of competition. Have it by handicap, or size, or make a selection arbitrarily, but in preliminary work do not think of having weight classi- fication. There should be no necessity in school athletics for a boy to diet himself. In other words, do not worry the youngster wdien he is at play; let the athletics in th schoolyard be such that he will derive some benefit there- from. Have the boy go into as few outside competitions as possible. Let him compete in his own group and in his own class; competing among his own sclioolmates is not the strain on the boy that it is when he is asked to go outside and compete in championship or other important events. The fewer we have of these outside competitions the better the boy will be in after years. Preparation for 28 SPALDING^S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. such events is a worry and a strain on the boy to which he should not be subjected. Above all things, avoid giving a boy too much work, even in his class or school athletics. T^ever permit him to exhaust himself; never allow him to keep on until he is absolutely exhausted. Do not allow him to compete in more than one event, no matter whether he feels like entering two or three. Eestrain him, because it is over- indulgence in athletic competition that will eventually tire the youngster of athletics. Some men in answer to this argument of not having the boy compete in too many events have said that a boy will run on the street all day long. That is quite true, and a boy in his ordinary play will do a lot of running, but it is not the kind of running that is a mental strain on the youngster. As soon as you send a boy to compete he gets nervous. It gets on his mind, and in many cases the mere thought of the final test that is coming has been known to upset not only schoolboys but even old and seasoned ath- letes. The work, to show any benefit, must be the kind of work that enlists the entire class; let them all take their turn in putting the shot, high jumping, running and other activities. Spalding's athletic library. 29 CHAPTER VII. General Practice. In a schoolyard of a size to permit it, it is very good practice to have different competitions going on at the same time. This of course applies also to field events. Before commencing, the boys should be divided up into groups in charge of leaders, who will have entire command of the group practicing one particular sport. The boys should be lined up one behind the other and the leader should see that each boy has his regular turn. Thus, if the yard is large enough, the high jump, the broad jump, the shot put and the dashes can all be going on at the same time. Then the boys can rotate from one event to the other. There is one thing that is very important in connection with this practice work, absolute order must be maintained. General play and all running around on the part of the athletes, must be stopped, but that does not mean that practice work need interfere with the general play or running around of the other pupils. In all schoolboy running, let it be a potato race, hurdle race, sack race or dash, lines should be marked on the floor and each boy must keep within his own lines. If he leaves his lane or interferes with another runner the referee can disqualify him, and he should be disqualified, because he must learn to keep in a direct line. If the lines are marked out in practice and the rule enforced boys will get accus- tomed to running straight and thus obviate the chances of 3 00 '^ P SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 31 disqualification during competition. If the schoolyard is large enough to have a circular course eighty ten or twelve laps to the mile, the rules in relation to keeping one's course must be rigidl}' enforced. A contestant must not turn in for the pole until he is at least two strides ahead of his opponent. He must not try to pass a fellow competitor on the inside, nor must he run wide, because the other runner then has the privilege of passing on the inside, although it is not good judginent to do so unless there is plenty of room to pass without touching the runner. In all jumping exercises, high jump, standing jumps, hop, step and jump, do not attempt to have either com- petition or class exercises unless the regular mats can be used for the boys to land on. The mats must be soft, so that there will be no possible chance of injury to the boy. This is particularly necessary in the running high jump and standing high jump. Of course if there is an outside yard that will permit of a dirt landing place, so much the better. Then the mats can be dispensed with and the jumps taken without fear of injury. The landing pit must be of earth alone. For competitive purposes do not have the boys jump in a pit of sand. The pit must be of loam, which should be sifted through the finest possible sieve and raked over after each jump. Sand should not be used for competitive purposes or for practice jumps, because it does not break clean, like earth, it rolls, and the exact landing place cannot be marked. 32 Spalding's xVthletic library. CHAPTER VIII. The Start for Sprinting. It is impossible to make a hard and fast rule for the proper method of starting. The general way is to have the left leg about five inches back of the line. The runner should go down to the mark position with the right knee about the middle of the left leg. This will bring him in about the correct position. At the same time should he not feel comfortable in this position, if he is cramped or if he thinks he has not enough power in his right leg, let him regulate the distance to suit himself. The foregoing is the method for the crouch start of J. Morton, the noted English runner, and as he has won many championships all over the world beginners can pretty safely follow his advice. At the command, "On your mark," go down on your right knee. Do not get in the "set" position until the starter tells you to do so, because it tires one out very soon. At the words "Get set," all weight should be on the left leg and arms. The right leg should be free, ready to plunge forward at the report of the pistol. Hurdle racing requires great sprinting ability and the main thing is to get the correct stride for the first hurdle and between hurdles, so that it will be an easy matter to take the hurdles without hesitating. The best type of a boy for hurdling is a tall, lanky lad of the style of Kraenz- lein, A. B. Shaw and others of that physique. 33 Relay Racing. For indoor relay racing, if the space will permit, it is advisable to have a straightaway of 35, 50 or 60 yards. The teams can be large or small, the larger the better, and if there is enough space to permit competition of class against class so much the better, because there is even more chance for general all around exercise. It is imma- terial what length the race shall be. Lines must be clearly drawn and whitewashed, so that each class will have its own lane. A chalk line must likewise be clearly marked on the floor. The best way to conduct a relay race would be to do away with the flying start in the change of relays and insist that each boy remain on the line until he is touched by his team mate. The teams should be divided into equal numbers, starting from different ends of the yard. Flag Relay. The flag relay is an Australian idea and was first held there in connection with public school athletics. Four or five teams can be entered, each team consisting of an equal number of boys. Each boy runs 35, 50 or GO yards, as the case may be. He carries a flag, which must be held aloft; at the completion of his allotted distance he hands the flag to his team mate, who then takes up the running. With the flags of six or eight nations in a race of this kind it is extremely spectacular and interesting and gives oppor- tunity to a large number of boys to compete. The race is conducted the same as a relay race; the contestants must not leave the line until the flaoj is handed to them. In both SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 35 the relay race and the flag race the teacher or instructor must bear in mind that discipline and order must be maintained in order to have the event properly conducted. AVhen one runner finishes he should take his place at the end of the line^ so that at the end of the race the teams will occupy the same position they did at the start. Do not permit the boys to run around coaching their team mates, but have everything done in an orderly manner. Hurdle Eacing. Hurdle racing is a most spectacular event for indoor work, providing the size of the yard will permit a 60-yards hurdle race. That will permit three hurdles ten yards apart; fifteen yards from the start to the first hurdle and fifteen yards between the last hurdle and the finish line. There should certainly be twenty-five feet or more for the boys to run after finishing the 63 yards. Under no circum- stances allow the finish of a hurdle race or a dash close to a wall or fence. Hurdles 2 feet 6 inches in height should be used. Do not try the 3-foot 6-inch hurdles. Do not allow the entire class to hurdle until all the boys can do so successfully. The better plan is to have one hurdle 2 feet 6 inches in height and have the bovs practice going over it until they can regulate their stride to the ten yards and become proficient. It is very essential that the youngsters be taught that in order to hurdle they must be able to control their stride and know just from where to jump. Under no circumstances should a boy balk at the jump. The stride should be regulated so that the hurdle will be cleared gracefully and without apparent effort. 36 spalding s athletic library. Three-Legged Race. The three-legged race is another diverting event. As shown in the photograph on page 62, it is arranged by tieing two boys' legs together at the ankle and above the knee. The plan is to run as one boy. The three-legged race causes lots of fun and sustains the general interest. Sack Racing. Sack racing is much like an obstacle race or a three- legged race. It is used occasionally as a diversion. It is not the kind of sport, however, that the entire class can take part in and it is not particularly advantageous. The sacks are usually three feet in width and should be fas- tened securely around the boy's neck. They should be reinforced at the bottom, as it is important that the boys' feet do not come out, because if a competitor's foot or feet do come through the sack he will be disqualified. If a boy falls he is at liberty to pick himself up again and start for the finish line and get there in any way he can. Sack racing, however, is not considered a good athletic event. Potato Racing. Potato racing is one of the hardest forms of exercises, because it is a steady strain, and under no circumstances should boys be permitted to go in a long potato race. The potatoes should not be more than two feet apart, and there should not be more than four of them. Of course it is out of the question to use potatoes in a race of this kind, therefore small blocks of wood, painted white, about the size of a potato, should be substituted. SrALDING's ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 37 CHAPTER IX. Putting the Shot. There is absolutely no danger in practicing shot putting if the teacher in charge is careful ; the danger comes from using a shot that will roll. All danger in this direction can be eliminated if the teacher will, during the shot putting competition or practice, insist that all the pupils stand behind the shot putter and not in front of him. Have no one out near the mat except the measurer. In some schools regulations prohibit the putting of the shot on school property. In that case the shot putting exercises can be held on the nearest lot adjoining the school. The putting of the five-pound indoor shot cer- tainly cannot injure schoolyard property. Unless the floor of the school is of flimsy material it will never do any damage if the proper mats are used, and there is no chance of spectators being injured by the shot. If there is a shot putting event it is optional with the management what weight the shot shall be, but it is strongly recommended that a five-pound shot be used for elementary school boys. These boys should not use an eight, twelve or sixteen-pound shot, as it is liable to strain them. The light five-pound shot for little fellows will give them all the opportunity in the world to practice the art of shot putting without injury. They can oecome more proficient at holding the shot, and acquire tne cor- SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 39 rect poise and movement much easier while using a five- pound shot than if a heavier one were used. The officials should bear in mind that the boy must not throw the shot; it must be put from the shoulder^ and if at any time the hand is drawn back for the purpose of throwing it is a foul put, and should not be measured. After the put is made, be sure to see that the contestant's foot is not over the circle; after putting the shot, if the contestant's foot is on the circle or on the toe-board, the put is a foul and must not be measured; the shot putter can go to the toe-board for a brace before his final heave, but he cannot put his foot on top of the circle. The measurement of each put shall be from the nearest mark made by the fall of the shot to the circumference of the circle on a line from the mark made by the shot to the center of the circle. In putting the shot, when it is not necessary to measure the put of the contestants, the distance should be desig- nated by little flags of various colors mounted on wooden blocks; a red flag, say, to indicate the best put, white the second best, blue the third best, and yellow the fourth best. Have them on a direct line with the spot where the shot drops. They can be very small and will not interfere in any way with the competition, except that the measurers, who must act in practice just as they would in competition, will move the blocks up as one putter excels the other, and there will always be in position blocks showing the boys that are first, second, third and fourth. It adds materially to the practice competition w^hen the boys know Just what distance they are striving to attain. The same flags can 40 Spalding's athletic library. be used advantageously in both the standing broad jump and the hop, step and jump, by placing them to the side of the mat on which the boys land. The remarkable picture of champion Martin Sheridan on page 52, shows his perfect balance after delivery of the shot in the shot put. This illustration is published to show the boy that there is a great deal in being able to get all the strength possible and still not make a foul put. Sheridan has just finished putting the shot and has bal- anced himself perfectly. Standing Broad Jump.* The standing broad jump is now a popular competition among schoolboys and it is a simple one. The contestant should stand close to the whitewash or chalk line and rock gently to and fro; he may rock backward from toe to heel, but under no circumstances can he make two jumps from the ground. His feet must not be off the ground before he makes his jump, nor can he slide forward with a sort of preliminary movement. He must leave the ground with both feet at the same time. The same rules for the measurement of the other jumps apply to the standing broad jump. Running Broad Jump. In the running broad jump the boy must regulate his stride and speed up to the take-off, and make it a point to practice his stride diligently, so that when he makes his effort he will not waste his distance by toeing too far back nor overstepping the mark and thus making a:foul. Spalding's athletic library. 41 Stepping over the line is a foul and the jump is not measured. Standing High Jump. In the standing high jump the same rules in relation to leaving the ground apply as in the standing broad jump. The jump must be clean and clear. A dive is not per- missible. Running High Jump. The running high jump should be practiced with uprights and regular cross bar instead of a cord, because in practicing with a cord the boy does not receive the same experience that he would if he used a regular cross bar. When the entire class is out for high jumping the teacher should line them up, pick out a leader and see that each boy is given a chance to clear the height. Those that clear it in the first jump can be placed in one line. The others then have their second try and those that succeed in this trial can join the first group. A third trial is then taken and the unsuccessful ones are out of the competition alto- gether. If a contestant does not want to jump at a certain height he need not do so; he can start to jump at any height he wishes, but under no circumstances can the bar be lowered for him. EuNNiNG Hop^ Step and Jump. In the running hop, step and jump the same procedure must be followed out as in the broad jump. Under no circumstances in the hop, step and jump can a boy take two hops, or two steps; it is not two hops and a jump, nor two steps and jump; it is a hop, step and jump. The Spalding's athletic library. 43 physical director or officials can easily distinguish between a hop, step and jump, and two hops and jump. Of course there is no objection to having an event of two hops and a jump, or two steps and a jump, but if the event is a hop, step and jump then the boy must hop, step and jump only. A competition of this kind is sure to be popular, because it is something that the boys will become interested in quickly. In the running hop, step and jump the take-off is usually from the right foot, but whatever foot is used the boy must land on the same foot, then reverse and take a step with the other foot and his final jump must be in the nature of a running broad jump, using both feet for land- ing on the mat. In other respects the rules governing tiie running broad jump apply to the hop, step and jump. In measuring, count from the nearest point of the heel to the take-off. If the competitor falls backward or jumps to the side before he has landed correctly, measure from the nearest mark made by his body to the take-off. In other words, if, in making the jump, the boy falls back or sits back, measure from where he fell or sat to the take-off board. If he falls back and puts his hands back of him measure from where his hands touch the ground. The idea is that the boy must learn to balance himself, land cor- rectly and pitch forward. Standing Hop, Step and Jump. This is a competition to which the elementary schoolboy will take keenly. It can be practiced witliout much chance of injury. A whitewash line or chalk line should 44 Spalding's athletic library. be marked on the floor. The boy stands on one foot swinging gently to and fro, so as to get his momentum before starting. On the hop he must land on the foot he leaped from, then take a quick step with the other foot and then make a sudden take-off with both feet for the final jump. Be sure that the final jump is made on a mat that is large enough to eliminate all danger to the boy. The meas- urement must be from the heel, or the last place where the boy landed, to the chalk line. If the boy falls backward the measure must be taken from the chalk line to the nearest point of contact — to the hands if he has used them in supporting himself in a backward fall. Three Standing Jumps. The three standing jumps is an event that should be practiced indoors, because it is an indoor event. The con- testant assumes the same position he does in the standing broad jump and the measurement is the same as in the standing broad jump. The boys should be taught to land correctly and pitch forward and not fall backward. Spalding's athletic libkary. 45 CHAPTER X. Handicapping, While it is true that in these days of advanced athletics the method of handicapping is quite generally known, an example is nevertheless given as an illustration of how such events are conducted. Scratch races among the pupils will of course be instrumental in deciding the best man, the second best, etc., and a record must be kept — and cor- rectly kept — of all heats in all competitions, otherwise the data is of no value. Suppose for instance, the results in the standing high jump, scratch, were as follows: first, John Jones, 3 feet 6 inches; second, D. Andersen, 3 feet 4 inches; third, H. Andrews, 3 feet 1 inch. In addition, the records of all other boys who competed should also be kept. Then follow with the handicap jump; John Jones would ])e scratch, D. Anderson would have a handicap of 2 inches, H. Andrews, 5 inches, etc. Spalding's athletic library. 47 CHAPTER XI. Final Hints. It is very important indeed, if the athletic meet is to be well managed, that all preliminary details be arranged in a careful manner before the officials appear on the field or floor. Therefore the following suggestions should prove valuable to the committee, director or individual who is to be responsible for conducting a meet: Decide on the date, place and hour. Select the events, and print the entry blanl^s or type- write the announcement of the events, with the time, place and full particulars therein. Print the admission tickets. Have some stamped ''com- petitors," some "official" and some "press." Select the following officials : Games Committee, One Referee, Two or more Inspectors, Three Judges at Finish, Three or more Field Judges, Three or more Timekeepers, One Judge of Walking, One Starter, One Clerk of Course, One Scorer, One Marshal. 48 Spalding's athletic library. If necessary, assistants may be provided for the Judge of Walking, the Clerk of Course, the Scorer and the Mar- shal; and an Official Announcer may be appointed. Order the medals and badges. Appoint a programme manager — a programme com- mittee. Mail out the entry blanks to secure entries. Tabulate in proper form a separate sheet for each event, the entries as they are received, giving each a competitor's number, and leaving a space for the competitor's regis- tration number. Send to the papers for several weeks before the meeting notices in relation to the meeting, where it will be held, the hour, with whom the entries close, who will compete, the prizes that will be awarded and other information. Mail press, officials' and competitors' tickets several days before the games. Send an extra ticket to each school for an official to accompany the team. Have the clerk in charge distribute the competitors' numbers at the athletes' entrance, so that each contestant can receive his number as printed on the programme. See that the following things are attended to in advance : The marking out and measurement of the track must be done in advance. Have the start and the finish of each race plainly marked. Placard if outdoors; or in figures, if indoors. See that each handicap is marked on the floor, if indoors ; or on the border, if outdoors. See that the finish line is whitewashed or marked plainly on the floor, as well as the starting line. Spalding's athletic library. 49 The Judges should be furnished with several balls of red worsted, and same should be placed at the finish post of each race. Be very careful about the measurements, and if pos- sible, secure a civil engineer. The lanes for the sprint events must be clearly marked out, either whitewashed or chalked, if it is impossible to get the regular lanes. Plenty of mats for jumping must be on hand. In the high jump, look out for the uprights, cross bars and pegs. At least three measuring tapes should be secured and turned over to the measurers, who should be responsible for same. It is always good judgment for the management to have an extra pistol on hand in case the starter fails to appear. Circles, either w^ooden or iron, for the shot or weight events, must be secured. If outdoors, iron circles plainly whitewashed must be used with the proper toe board. If indoors, mats must be on hand for the shot to land on. Scales should be on the grounds to weigh the imple- ments. A bell should be attached to a post on the finish line of all races, which should be rung for the last lap. In the absence of a bell the starter should be compelled to fire his pistol as the contestants enter the last lap. Score cards should be prepared and furnished to the scorers for all field events and for the scorer who is to record the finish of all track events and of sprints. 50 Spalding's athletic library. If a pole vault is on the programme, the association must furnish poles for the contestants to use, hut the con- testant can use his own pole. Chairs and tables must be on hand for the use of re- porters, and someone should be put in charge of same to see that no one sits at the press tables except the reporters. Arrange for an announcer with a megaphone, and if an announcing board can be erected, it would be much better for all concerned. Try and arrange to have some section of the grounds or hall set aside for the competitors to occupy when not competing. Arrange to have the ticket taker and ticket seller and manager on the grounds or in the hall at least an hour and a half before the meeting is scheduled to commence. In the dressing room make it a point to have several men watch the athletes' clothes, or hire some one to be custodian of the dressing room. Always have two whistles on hand, one for the starter and one for the referee. Provide small cards with which the competitors draw for positions. Try and have a space reserved for the judges and timers, with an official in charge, to see that no one else is allowed to enter. A scorer must be stationed at the finish in order to take from the judges the finish of all the heats, so that the clerk of the course can arrange the semi-finals and finals. The score sheets furnished should be stiff cardboard, about 8x4 inches, so they can be preserved. spaldtxg's athletic library. 51 Have two or three assistant clerks of the course, one in the dressing room checking up and arranging the heats, and one at the entrance to tlie track to take the boys to their marks, so that the heats can follow each other rapidly. Have a marshal to see that the boys immediately leave the field after a competition is over. In field events, always have a man out on the field to carry the implements back to the circle. In high jumping and pole vaulting have someone whose duty it shall be to replace the bar at once. Have one official always ready to replace the worsted tape at the finish post after the finish of each heat or race. \Mien a hurdle race is on the programme, always have the hurdles on the grounds and in good order. In the jumping pit finely screened loam should be used, and not sand or sawdust. Have the take-off board flush with the ground, spirit level and whitewashed. The earth should be removed to a depth of three inches and a width of twelve in front of the take-off board. Xever commence the hammer throwing or discus throw- ing events until the field is clear, as no one should be on the field except the officials measuring the event. After the entries are closed make up the official order of events for the programme, and under no circumstances change it thereafter. For any further information write to James E. Sullivan, 21 Warren Street, New York City. PUTTING THE SHOT. Martin J. Sheridan; showing a perfect balance after delivery. Spalding's athletic library. 53 CHAPTER XII. PUTTIXG THE SlIOT. By Martin J. Sheridan. For schoolboys I would recommend that a light shot be used; a five pound shot is quite heavy enough. The shot can be put in any back yard. If there is not room for a seven-foot circle, a line can be drawn and the shot put from the line. As a matter of fact I think that be- ginners in shot putting should put the shot from a line and master the rudiments of the game before they put it from the regulation circle. The hop across the circle and swing of the body can be learned afterwards. A great deal more progress will be made by having some prominent shot-putter give an exhibition in order to let the boys note his every movement and copy him than by just letting them practice without any idea as to the cor- rect method of putting the shot. Be careful to see that the boys do not overexert them- selves. From eight to ten puts every day will be enough practice, and they should not be permitted to extend themselves to the limit. 54 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. CHAPTER XIII. Standixg Broad Jump. By Ray C. Ewry. In tlie standing broad jump the body covers a certain distance, and in doiDg so must rise to a certain height. A novice at the game invariably makes both distance and height with the muscuhir action of the leg, his arms being used only to balance the body. To get the most out of a jump the arms must help lift the body as well as balance it, as will be seen in the following description of the motions used in the jump. Standing on the take-off, the first position is an erect one with the arms stretched up straight in the air; as the knees and hij)S bend for the squat, the arms are brought down past the body and sw^iing well back. When they have reached the highest point of their backward swing they are started down and forward, passing the feet just as the body has reached the lowest point of the squat; then just as they reach this point the legs start their push. Xow the body has been falling forward all this time an amount which is instinctive and to be learned by practice, so that when the legs push, their thrust is applied in a more or less horizontal direction along the ground. This would bring the jumper face downward on the ground, but the arms in the meantime have continued their liard upward swing and give the lift to the entire body necessary to carry it to the landing point. After leaving the take-off the legs 55 are pulled up sharply and at the proper time the feet are dropped forward and down. The arms have heen coming down during this action^ so that at the moment of land- ing they are swung backward ]iast the feet, assisting in rocking the body forward and preventing its falling back of the break. RAY EWRY HIGH JUMPING. ^7his is a remarkable snapshot of the world's champion clearing the bar. Note the action of his right leg, body and arms. SPALDJXg's ATiiLETiC LIUKAKY. 57 CHAPTER XIV. Standi N'G High eTuMP. By Kay C. Ewry. In the standing high jmnj^ the start is made with the side to the bar at a distance depending upon the jumper. I stand about 18 inches from the bar when clearing 5 feet 4 inches or 5 feet 5 inches. This distance will vary with the height of the bar and the juniper's condition, and will have to be determined by practice. In starting the jump the feet are placed close together, the arms brought down, the squat made in the same way as in the standing broad, except that the body does not fall forward. The upward swing with the arms, combined with the push of the legs, throws the body straight up into the air. As it rises the leg nearest the bar is brought up with the knee bent and carried over the bar. x4s it passes over the bar the other leg is started upward in the same manner and when the body is at its highest point it is in a sitting position, with a leg on either side of the bar. The first leg over has commenced to drop and the other leg is brought still higher to allow it to clear. The body is now dropping and the second leg must be kicked high to prevent its catching the bar. The landing is made on the first leg over, with the second leg just passing clear of the bar. In starting, the body is inclined slightly toward the bar, so as to give the necessary side rake. This side rake is also increased by a sidewise movement of the hips which 58 Spalding's athletic libijaky. can be learned only by practice. Do not start the scissors action of the legs too soon. Get all the push upward pos- sible first and then maneuver the leg while in the air. This jnmp requires a great deal of practice, especially in the action of the arms, which control the balance of the body while in the air and make the jump possil)le. The important point in all this is the liard and rapid upward swing with the arms, which lifts the body and allows the legs to make the distance in the standing broad, and assists in lifting the body in the standing nigh. One of the best exercises for the arms is the full arm swings and any work which will bring into play the mus- cles of the neck and shoulders. For the leg muscles, skipping the rope, the stiff-legged jump and "squats." To strengthen the abdominal muscles, use the kicks, espe- cially the double-footed kick, which will also teach control of the body while in the air. Of course the jump itself is the best exercise, especially for timing the various movements. A good plan, when time allows, is to jump until tired and then find out by the sore spots the next day what muscles are w^eak ; then suitable exercise can be taken to strengthen these parts. Jump as often as you feel like doing, but always rest up three or four days before a contest, taking only some light, quick exercise. Above all keep supple; the standinu" jumps take only an instant to execute, and during that time the various parts of the body move rapidly through long distances, so that any stiffness or tightness which would not affect a shot putter or running juuiper would make for a poor performance in a standing jumper. Spalding's athletic library. 69 Avoid the use of .Simulants, intoxicants or anything that will affect the digestion. Your nervous S3'steni iiiiisl 1)0 in the best of shape^ as you must concentrate all your strength in one effort^ without any chance to change your stride or balance after the start is made. GO SrALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBKAKY. CHAPTEll XV. Hurdle Eacixg. By Harry Hillman. Hurdle racing is one of the most spectacular events in athletics. It requires considerahle practice and plent}^ of speed to excel at this sport. A great many athletes make mistakes in trying to run the full distance over the sticks in tlieir initial trials. For both the high and low hurdles, as a starter, obtain two hurdles 2 feet G inches in height. Begin by practising the jump. Start about ten yards from the hurdle and practice going over it until you show some form and gain confidence in yourself. Of course this cannot be done in a day nor in a week. It will take some time to acquire the knack. ]\Iost timber-top])ers hurdle with the left leg forward, l)ut if you find it more convenient to use the other leg, do so. The idea is to get over the hurdles as quickly and gracefully as possible. In leaping extend the leg going over first straight in front; bend the body forward from the hips: extend the arms similar to a tight-rope walker — they act as a balance while in tlie air. Bring up the rear leg in a hooked position and close to the body; during the leap gradually bring your rear leg forward; on land- ing be prepared to slioot this leg out for the next stride. Be sure that the front leo- clears the hurdle — the rear lesf may occasionally hit at first, but practice will overcome SPALDIXC/S ATIILKTIC LinKAKV. 61 this fault. A Inirdh'r will S'/ldoiu fall i i' his lirst k'g clears the bar. In the otlic'ial 22^) yards low liui'dlcs cnc-li hurdle is placed 2i) yards apart, a like distance froni the start to the first hurdle and from the last hurdle to the finish. IJut for l)oys 10 yards will do for a (iJ yaj'ds race; when the distance is longer the hurdles should be 20 yards apart. In the latter event seven or nine strides should be taken between the jumps^ but it is much better for boys to use hurdles 10 yards apart until they become better acquainted with the hurdles^ with, of course^ a reduction in the number of strides. Xever chop your stride. If necessary, make an extra long leap. Go at the first hurdle as you would if you were running a 50 yards dash, and on clearing the first obstacle look straio-ht ahead for the next one, countins? vour strides between the jumps. Never look around; if you do, un- doubtedly you will lose your stride and either fall or lose considerable distance. Keep your mind on your own race ; do not pay attention to your rivals. At first the beginner will probably get somewhat dis- couraged, but upon acquiring the necessary form and si)eed he will greatly enjoy this branch of the sport. HARRY HILLMAN JND LAWSON ROBERTSON. The champion three-legged team. Showing how to adjust the official harness. SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. CHAPTER XA^T. Tiiree-Legged 1\AC1XG. By Harry Hillman. Til roe-legged racing until the last few 3^ears was re- garded as a freak event, but lately it has been looked upon as an event which reqnires speed, form and knack — an event lliat necessitates considerable training and practice. In the annual Military Athletic League tournament, it has l)een for the last four years listed as a championship, and when one considers the time that has been made, 100 yards in 11 seconds, it can readily be realized what progress has been accomplished. A slra]) is fastened to each inside ankle of the athlete and a loop strap 3 inches long attached to these, allowing enough leeway, so the competitors will not step on each other. At the upper part of the leg between the knee and hip, another strap is fastened in a similar manner, except that the center strap is shorter — 2 inches in length. The lower straps should not be tight, but the upper ones must be fastened tight enough to hold them in place during a race. In the longer races, 120 yards and over, a leather belt must be worn, and attached to this a small strap fastened to the upper leg strap, to hold same in place. It is advantageous to have the team made up of one taller man, so that the shorter man can better grasp his partner around the back and ol)lain a good hold around his partner's waist. The taller man's inside arm goes 64 Spalding's athletic library. over his partner's arm and takes a like hold on the other side. At first it would l)e ])etter to practice running- together until both athletes gain confidence in themselves. The crouch start should be used. In starting the strapped legs should l)e placed in the front position — the loose legs in the rear; this is advisable because free action is neces- sary in the first stride. After leaving the mark keep close to your partner, swing the outside arms similar to a sprinter, and on finishing keep going steadily until you slow up to a walk; otherwise a nasty fall will result. The athletes run exactly as if they were running the race alone, with the exception that the inside arms are locked around each other. Signals should be arranged between the partners so each will know what the other one is going to do. Continual practice in this event means perfection. Spalding's attilettc library. 65 CHAPTER XVII. High Jumping. By Harry F. Porter. High jumping is one of the most helpful and at the same time most fascinating of sports. It calls for all the zealousness of an acrobat and furnishes all the stimulus of competition. Progress in high jumping is likel}^ to be slow, but patience and persistence will win the prize. The goal is worth while, for each round of success makes a human weakness overcome, some part of the body strengthened and brought under perfect control, some bit of nervousness eliminated, a substantial gain in manhood — mental, moral, and physical. To rise to class in high jumping one must bring out symmetry of manhood; if weak he must become strong, if awkward he must become graceful, if angular he must become rounded, if inclined to timidity he must become bold, if to nervousness and excitement calm and self-possessed. There is no set way of high jumping. As no two men are built exactly alike, so no two men can jump their best along the same lines. But the general principle is the same — to make every part of the body and every part of the jump from the beginning of the run to the clearance of the bar and the alighting, serve the one purpose, which is to attain the greatest possible height. First determine that you are going to succeed, then stick everlastingly at it. being guided largely by your own judgment as to the ■■■mw 1 . . . .- yj — HARRY F. PORTER. Olympic champion high jumper. SPALDIXcfs ATIU.K'I'IC LIBRA I{Y. 67 amount of work you attempt. l)iit doing a little every day, if only in your own room, to keep in trim, and you are bound to get there. It is not necessary to run hard at the bar. It is better to bound along easily with just enough speed to carry you across the bar. Too much speed will shoot you into the bar and out a distance, but not up in tho air. ^'ou will be coming just fast enough when 3^ou are easily able to check yourself at the instant of take-oif, thus converting the force of your run into distance upward. ^lost jumpers when beginning approach the take-off from the side. But it is better to run straight at it. At first it may seem more difficult and you may not be able to jump as high as with the side approach, but eventually you will be able to go much higher. Learn to use the off-leg to advantage. By giving it a powerful swing u]:»wards at the instant of take-off, and following it up with a ''bending-t he-crab" movement just at the instant when the hips and back would appear to take the bar off, you will add many inches to your jump. The body should clear the bar in a wiggle, snake-like, and not stiff nor bolt-upright. A quick snap-down of the legs after they are once across the bar and a simultaneous reach- forward of the arms, head, and shoulders will carry the upper part of the body free of the bar, right it, and enable it to alight gracefully on the feet, thus completing the jump. In practice it is best not to try very great height, but rather to confine your eff':rt5 to more and more perfect clearance of a moderate height — one that you feel you can 68 SPALDING S ATHLETIC LLBRARY. make sure of every time. This will favor development of form. Then, under the spur of eompetition, you will easily be able to couibine form with lieight. It is not well to practice if you are not in the mood — do somethino- else: run, tramp, play base ball, tennis, ])asket l)all, or hand l)all — anytliino- tluit you can abandon yourself to and thoroughly enjoy and that at the same time will make you quick and develop perfect control. Slow, heavy exercises, like rowing and dumb-bells, or throwing the medicine ball, are not desirable training adjuncts. Practice doing the split and high-stretch kicking every (^lay — this will keep you loosened out and your legs under good control. Also practice the "jumping-jack" stunt very frequently — it will develop spring in the calves and thighs. All these things can be accomplished in one's room or in tlie back yard and require but a few moments of time each day. After form is once acquired, they will suffice to keep one always in trim for competition. Do not attempt to combine broad jumping or hurdling with high jumping, if you wish to make the most of your- self at high jumping. Set you heart on one thing, keep alive your interest in that one thing, and if you are patient and persistent you will one day become a cham]uon — in this or any other athletic feat or in anything else you attempt. Spalding's atiiletic libkaky. 69 CllAl'TKlJ Will. Class Atiii.ktks. Tho method of detcriuining class ivcords as adoi)t(Ml l)y the Board of Superintendents of the Tublie Schools of Greater Xew York is given herewith. In this form of athletics a record is made by the whole class instead of Ijv an individual. At least 80 per cent, of the boys enrolled in tlie class must take part in order to have the record stand. Classes may be tested as follows : Staxdixg Bro.u) Jump. The best record made in three trial jumps is taken for each boy. The class record is determined by adding the individual records and dividing by the number of boys competing. Pull-Up. Each boy must pull himself up until his chin is above the bar, then lower himself, extending his arms to their full length. His feet must not touch the floor during the test. The number of times that he pulls himself up is his record. The class record is found as in the Broad Jump. EUXNING. The distance is 50 yards for Grades G-A and 6-B and 80 yards for Grades 8-A and 8-B. In order to lessen the possibility of error in timing the competitors, the follow- CLEARING THE BAR. A remarkable action photo of Harry F. Porter high jumping. Spalding's athletic library. 71 ing method has heen adopted: The boys arc lined up be- hind the starting mark in the order in which they are to run; the tinier, who also acts as starter, stands at the finish-line and gives the signal for each boy to start. As the first runner crosses the finish-line the second runner is ffiven the signal to start. As the last bov crosses the finish- line the watch is stopped. The record is found by dividing the time elapsed by the number of boys competing. If an ordinary watch is used the first boy should be started when the second hand is over the "60" mark. The Public Schools Athletic League has placques that are held till the next year l)y the class making the highest average in each event in each grade of each borough. Athletic Badge Tests. The Public Schools Athletic League offers Athletic Badges for all boys having at least B in effort, proficiency and deportment, upon the attainment of the following standards : Br^oxzE Badge. 60-Yard IJiin 83-5 seconds Pull-up. or cliinning on liar 4 times Standing Broad Jump 5 feet 9 inches Bronze and Silver Badges. 60-Yard Run, Indoors 8 seconds 100-Yard Euu, Ontrloors 14 seconds Pull-up 6 times Standing Broad Jump 6 feet 6 inches OLYMPIC CHAMPION F. C. IRONS. Showing hi? remarkahh rise and l^g-raising action. spaldixg's athletic ltbi^ary. 73 CHAPTER XIX. Setting Up Exercises. Setting-up exercises are claimed by the author, W. G. George, of London, England, to be one of the best exer- cises for an athlete. They are easily adapted to class work as a preliminary to other athletic activities. For an elementary schoolboy not more than ten attempts are advisable at the start, five for the first couple of weeks would be better. First week, five times; second week, ten times ; third week, fifteen times ; fourth week, twenty times, and never more than twenty times for a schoolboy. ]\[r. George, who firmly believes this to be one of the best methods of getting into shape, is holder of the world's record for running one mile, time 4 minutes 12% seconds. Mr. George's "100 -up" exercise can be practiced on any floor, the space required being not more than six feet. The method as given by Mr. George is as follows : "A. — Preliminary practice for preparing the leg muscles for the more severe strain required of them for the ^100-up' exercise : "Draw two parallel lines on the ground, eighteen inches long and eight inches apart. Place one foot on the mid- dle of each line. Stand flat-footed, the feet lying perfectly straight on the lines. The arms should be held naturally, loosely and nearly straight, with a slight forward inclina- tion, the body being upright and straight (Plate Xo. 1). Xow raise one knee the lieight of the hip (Plate Xo. 2) — 74 Spalding's athletic library. precisely as in walking, only the knee action is higher, and brings the foot back and down again to its original posi- tion, touching the line lightl)' with the ball of the foot; repeat the raising and lowering of the leg ten to fifteen times, and repeat with the other leg. Practically, this amounts to balancing the body on one leg while exercising with the other. Care must be taken that the knee comes to the level of the hip every time. This may not be found easy at first, but practice will soon bring about the desired result. Great attention must be paid to keeping the body upright and the legs and feet quite straight while exer- cising. Practice slowly until the necessary balance is spaldixg's athletic library. 75 acquired and the exercisr aceomplislied with ease. Havinsr thoroughly iriastered the correct form, the student may turn his attention to — "B. — The major or '^lOO-up' exercise. "^'Before giving particulars, I should like again to im- press the necessity of maintaining form in every practice. ]\Iy advice is, directly the correct form is lost, stop. Be- ginners should start the major exercise slowly and on no account strain nor overexert themselves. Nearly all break- downs and failures are the result of hurried and injudicious training, or fast work while the system is unprepared for it. On the other hand, slow, well considered, steady prac- tice, rarely, I might also say never, is injurious; while breakdowns are practically unknown among those who start their training slowly, gradually increasing distance, time or pace as the heart, lungs and muscles grow accus- tomed to the strain which is put upon them. "Prepare lines as for the preliminary practice. Stand on them as before, except that the body must be balanced on the ball of the foot, the heels being clear of the ground, the head and body being tilted very slightly forward, and the hands down by the side. Xow spring from the toe, bringing the knee to the level of the hip (Plate No. 3) as in the slower exercise — letting the foot fall back to its original position; repeat with the other leg, and continue raising and lowering the legs alternately. This action is exactly that of running, except that instead of the legs moving forward, the foot drops into its original position on the ground. "The main point is, Correct Action. The knees must be brought at each stride up to the level of the hip, while, 76 Spalding's athletic library. as the knee comes down, the foot shouhl not be carried further backwards than level with the back. When the knee is brought higher than the hip, the body is thrown out of its perpendicular backwards (Plate No. 4) ; when the foot is thrown out behind further than level with the back, the body is correspondingly forced forward (Plate No. 5 ) . Either is a hindrance to form and pace — the two objects striven for l)y those who train, whether for health or competition. All such will, undoubtedly, derive more benetit from doing their practice correctly than the re- verse. While doing the ^100 up' use the arms as in run- ning — i. e., hold them also at full length and swing them half way across the chest, forward and backward a few inches behind the back as each stride is taken. A good practice is to stand still on the lines and use the arms as in running, putting plenty of force into the work, so as to loosen the muscles of the shoulders and make the upper part of the frame active and pliable, in order that it may act in perfect union with the legs when the ^100 up' is performed. "I advise nobody to attempt more than twenty up at the start, ten for each leg. Very few can manage even so many in form at the outset ; but practice makes a world of difference. T.et me warn you, however, against a too rapid progress. This may result in a strain, or what is even more likely, a loss of correct form. The knees will not be par- allel to the straight line, or the body will be dragged for- ward. Do not expect to get true action in a moment. Probably the first few attempts will be disappointments. Be not, however, discouraged. Keep steadily on, and the correct action will come sure enough." OFFICIAL TJITLES OP THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS ATHLETIC LEAGUE GOVERNING Competitors The Track The Course Hurdles Eelay Racing Potato PiAcing The Finish Standing Broad Jump Running Broad Jump Running High Jump The Shot Ties Protests Reprinted from the Official Handbook of the Public Schools Athletic League (Spalding's Athletic Library No. 313). THE COMPETITORS. J?ule XVII. The competitors shall report to the Clerk of the Course at the starting point of each competition, after they have been called to the inner circle. Each contestant must provide himself with a number corre- sponding to the number opposite his name on the programme. This number he must wear conspicuously while he is competing, and without it he shall not be allowed to start except with the consent of the Referee. In handicap events, competitors, whether they be scratch or hmit mark men, must start from positions in which they are placed by the Clerk of the Course. If in straightaway races the competitor does not confine him- self to his own lane, but instead crosses into the lane of his opponent, the Referee shall disqualify him. In races around a turn, the competitor shall, after turning the last corner, continue in a straight line to the finish and not cross either to the outside or the inside in front of any of the other competitors. Any competitor who wilfully jostles, crosses in front of, or otherwise impedes an opponent, shall be disqualified by the Referee from that event. The Referee shall further disqualify from the meeting any competitor who, in his opinion, is trying to lose, to coach, or to impede in any way the chances of another competitor. He shall further notify the Games Committee, who will take further action. Any competitor acting in an ungentlemanly manner, whether toward competitors, spectators or officials, may be disqualified by the Referee from that and all other events at that meeting, and if the Referee thinks the offence worthy of further punishment, he shall make a full report on the case to the Secretary of the Public Schools Athletic League for further action. Spalding's athlktic library. 79 THE TRACK. Rule XIX. The distance to be run shall be measured on a line eighteen inches outward from the inner edge of the track. This edge shall be a solid curb raised three inches above the level of the track. In straightaway races, distance shall be measured in a direct line from the starting mark to the finishing line. In indoor races on board floors courses may be marked plainly (with whitewash) on the track. THE COURSE. Rule XX. In straightaway races the competitor must keep his own course from start to finish. In these races separate courses, called lanes, shall be laid out for each competitor by means of stakes driven into the ground, to which cord or wire is attached and which are placed about fifteen yards apart. In all races the competitors must not cross to the pole, or inner edge of the track until he is at least two strides in advance of his nearest competitor. In all championship races positions shall be drawn for, num- bering one, two, three, and so on, from border out, and the drawing shall be in the names of the schools. The Clerk of the Course shall then allot positions. The school having the first choice shall have the position next the pole, or inner edge of the track, the school having second choice, second position and so on, the schools alternating, so that, if possible, there will not be two contestants from the one school in the same heat. In championship events on straightaway tracks, the drawing shall be by schools, and the Referee shall see that no two con- testants from the same school shall start in one heat. There shall be a drawing for the choice of lanes, the school winning first choice selecting whatever lane the first runner for that school desires, the school having second choice the next best lane and so on. 80 Spalding's athletic library. Ill handicap events the contestants, when called, must take any lane assigned them by the Clerk of the Course, RELAY RACING. Rule XXII. A line shall he drawn twenty feet in front of each starting line. Between these two lines each runner must touch the suc- ceeding runner. Failure to do this shall disqualify the team in that event. There shall he Judges of Relay Racing whose duties it shall be to see that all touches are properly made. The same rules with reference to fouling, coaching or imped- ing a runner in any manner, apply to relay racing as to other running events. In the case of a handicap relay race, the boy on the first relay is granted the total handicap allowed each team. Only those boys are allowed to run in the final heat of a relay race who have competed in the trial heats. POTATO RACING. Rtde XXIV. The potato race shall be one in which three or more potatoes are placed two yards apart on a direct line. The first potato shall be two yards from the receptacle, which shall be either a pail, basket, box, or can, not over 36 inches in circumference at the opening. The finish shall be a line five yards back of the receptacle, which must be crossed after the last potato has been placed in the receptacle. If the competitor should drop a potato, he must replace it in the receptacle before he touches another potato ; otherwise, he shall be disqualified. In handicap events the mark is taken off back of the receptac? \ THE SHOT. Rule XXV. The Shot shall be a m.etal sphere of any weight decided upon by the Games Committee. For indoor^ games for record purposes Spalding's atulktjc lihiiaijv. 81 a filled shot covered with any material and being a perfect and solid sphere may be used. The shot shall be "put" with one hand, and in making the attempt, it shall be above and not behind the shoulder. All puts shall be made from a circle seven feet in diameter. The circle shall be a metal or wooden ring, painted or white- washed, and sunk almost flush with the ground, and it shall be divided into two halves by a line drawn through the center. In the middle of the circumference of the front half shall be placed a stop-board four feet long and four inches high, and firmly fastened to the ground. In making his puts, a competitor may rest his foot against, but not on top of, the stop-board. That put shall be considered a fair put when no part of the body of the competitor touches the top of the stop-board, the circle, or the ground outside of the circle, provided the competi- tor shall leave the circle by its rear half, which shall be the half directly opposite the stop-board. A put shall be considered foul if any part of the body of the competitor shall touch the ground outside the front half of the circle before the put is measured. The Field Judges shall measure each put from the nearest mark made by the fall of the shot to the circumference of the circle on a line from the mark made by the shot to the center of the circle. Foul puts and letting go the shot in making an attempt shall be counted as trials without result. Each competitor shall have three trial puts, and the first, sec- ond, third and fourth in the trials shall have three more trials each in the final. The best put made by a competitor, whether made in the trials or finals shall count as his best put and the result will be decided accordingly. RUNNING HIGH JUMP. Rule XXVI. A fair jump shall be one that is made without the assistance of weights, diving, somersaults or handsprings of any kind. 82 Spalding's athletic libeaky. The bar shall be a thin stick two inches in width and shall rest on pins which shall project not more than three inches from the uprights. When this bar is removed, it shall constitute a trial jump without result. The height at which the jump shall commence and the height to which it shall be raised at each succeeding jump shall be decided by the Field Judges. The height shall be measured from the middle of the bar to the ground on a direct line. Each competitor shall be allowed three trial jumps at each height, and if on the third trial he shall fail, he shall be declared out of the competition. At each successive height each competitor shall take one trial in his proper turn ; then those failing, if any, shall have their second trial in a like order, after which those who have failed at the second trial may take their third and final trial at that height. A competitor may decline to jump at any height in his turn, and by so doing, forfeits his right to again jump at the height declined. If, however, a competitor takes a trial at any height and fails in the first trial, he shall not pass the other two trials. Running under the bar in making an attempt to jump shall be counted as a balk, and three successive balks shall constitute a trial jump. There shall be no limit to the run a competitor may take before attempting a jump. RUNNING BROAD JUMP. Rule XXVII. A joist five inches shall be sunk flush with the ground. The outer edge of the joist shall be called the scratch line and the measurement of all jumps shall be made from it at right angles to the nearest break in the soft ground, or in the turf or earth outside the soft ground by any part of the body of a competitor. spaldtxg's athletic library. 83 In front of the scratch line the ground shall be removed to the depth of three and the width of twelve inches outward. A foul jump shall be one where the competitor in jumping off the scratch line makes a mark on the ground immediately in front of it, or runs over the line without jumping, and shall count as a trial jump without result. Each competitor shall have three trial jumps, and the competi- tors finishing one, two, three and four in the trial jumps, shall each have three more trial jumps. The competition shall be decided by the best of all the trial jumps of the competitors. A fair jump shall be one that is made without the assistance of weights, diving, somersaults or handsprings of any kind. STANDING BROAD JUMP. Rule XXVIII. The feet of the competitor may be placed in any position, but shall leave the ground once only in making an attempt to jump. When the feet are lifted from the ground twice, or two springs are made in making the attempt, it shall count as a trial jump without result. A competitor may rock back and forward, lifting heels and toes alternately from the ground, but may not lift either foot clear of the ground, nor slide either foot along the ground in any direction. In all other respects the rules governing the running broad jump govern the standing broad jump as well. THE HURDLES. Rule XXXI. In the 120 yards hurdle race, ten hurdles shall be used ; height of hurdles to be decided upon by the Games Committee. They shall be placed ten yards apart, with the first hurdle fifteen yards distant from the starting point, and the last hurdle fifteen yard? before the fini^^hing line. In the 220 yards hurdle race ten hurdles shall be used; height of hurdle to be decided upon by the Games Committee. They 84 Spalding's athletic library. shall be placed twenty yards apart, with the first hurdle twenty yards distant from the starting mark, and the last hurdle twenty yards from the finishing line. In hurdle races of other distances, and with different numbers of hurdles, the hurdles shall be placed at equal distances, with the same space between the first hurdle and the starting point and the last hurdle and the finishing line as between each of the hurdles. In making a record it shall be necessary for the competitor to jump over every hurdle in its proper position, nor shall the per- formance be considered a record unless every hurdle is left standing. TIES. Rule XXXII. In all contests whose results are determined by measurement of height or distance, ties shall be decided as follows : In handicap contests the award shall be given to the competitor who received the least allowance. In case of a tie between two or more competitors who received the same allowance, the decision shall be made as in scratch contests. In case of a tie in a scratch contest at high jumping, the tieing competitors shall have three trials at the height last tried, and if still undecided the bar shall be lowered to the height next below, and three trials taken at that height. If no one clears it, the bar shall be lowered again and again until one of the com- petitors clears it. In case of a second tie, the award shall be given to the competitor who cleared the bar with the least num- ber of trials. In case of a tie in a scratch contest in any event decided by distance, each of the tieing competitors shall have three addi- tional trials, and the award shall be made in accordance with the distance clear in these additional trials. In case of a second tie three more trials shall be allowed, and so on, until a decision is reached. In case of a dead heat in track events, the competi- tors shall not be allowed to divide the prize or points, or to ATHLETIC LIBKAKV. 85 toss for them, but must compete again at a time and place appointed by the Referee. In case of a tie in the pole vault the officials shall raise or lower the bar at their discretion, and those competitors who have tied shall be allowed one trial at each height. THE FINISH. Rule XXI. The finish of a course shall be represented by a line between two finishing posts drawn across and at right angles to the sides of the track and four feet above which shall be placed a tape attached to both finishing posts. The finish of any race shall be counted when any part of com- petitor's body except his hands and arms shall reach the finish line. No competitor shall be considered to have finished unless his entire body shall have crossed the finish line. PROTESTS. Rtile XVIir. Protests against any competitor entered in any games may be made verbally or in writing, to the Games Committee before the meet, or to the Referee during the meet. If the protest is a claim of foul committed during the meet, the Referee shall decide the matter at once as laid down in the duties of Referee (Rule III.). If possible, the Games Committee shall decide all protests before the events are run off. If it is a case requiring the taking of evidence, the Games Committee shall decide the matter within one week after the date of the games. If it affects the contest- ant's amateur status, however, the case must be referred to the Secretary of the Public Schools Athletic League for action. When a contestant is allowed to compete under protest, the prizes that he may win shall be withheld until the case is settled. OFFICIAL RULES FO R ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS. The following list contains the Group and the Number of the book of Spalding-' s Athletic Library in which the rules wanted are contained. See front pages of book for complete list of Spalding's Athletic Library. Event. AU-Round Athletic Cham- pionship A. A. U. Athletic Rules .... A. A. U, Boxing Rules A. A. U. Gymnastic Rules. . A. A. U. Water Polo Rules. A. A. U. Wrestling Rules. . . Archery Badminton Base Ball Indoor Basket Ball, Official Collegiate Women's Water Basket Goal Bat Ball Betting Bowling Boxing— A. A. U., Marquis of Queensbury, London Prize Ring Broadsword (mounted) Caledonian Games Canoeing Children's Games Court Tennis Cricket Croquet Curling Dog Racing Fencing Foot Ball Code of Rules Association (Soccer) English Rugby Canadian Golf Golf-Croquet Hand Ball Hand Polo Hand Tennis Hitch and Kick Hockey Ice Field Garden Lawn Parlor Ring Ontario Hockey Ass'n Indoor Base Ball Intercollegiate A. A. A. A. . I.-C. Gymnastic Ass'n Lacrosse U. S. I.-C. Lacrosse League No. 12 182 12 311 12 311 12 311 12 311 12 311 11 248 11 188 1 1 9 9 7 7 7 312 7 318 12 55 6 188 12 55 12 55 8 8 14 162 12 55 12 55 13 23 11 189 11 194 3 3 11 138 11 14 12 55 14 165 2 2 2 334 2 2a 12 55 2 332 5 5 6 188 11 13 194 55 304 6 154 188 188 188 55 256 9 307 333 201 305 Event. Lawn Bowls Lawn Games Lawn Tennis Obstacle Races Olympic Game Events — Mar- athon Race, Stone Throw- ing with Impetus, Spear Throwing, HellenicMethod of Throwing Discus. Dis- cus, Greek Sty le for Youths Pigeon Flying Pin Ball Playground Ball Polo ( Equestrian) Polo, Rugby Polo, Water (A. A. U.) Potato Racing Professional Racing, Shef- field Rules Public Schools Athletic League Athletic Rules. . . . Girls' Branch ; including Rules for School Games. Push Ball Push Ball, Water Quoits Racquets Revolver Shooting Ring Hockey Roller Polo Roller Skating Rink Roque jRowing Sack Racing Shuffleboard Skating Skittles Snowshoeing Squash Racquets j Swimming Tether Tennis Three- Legged Race Volley Ball Wall Scaling Walking Water Polo ( American) Water Polo (English) Wicket Polo Wrestling lY. M. C. A. All-Round Test. Y. M. C. A. Athletic Rules. . Y. M. C. A. Hand Ball Rules. Y.M.C.A. Pentathlon Rules. Y.M.C.A. Volley Ball Rules. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE THE SRALDINGli|)TRADEMARK GUARANTEES QUALITY SPALDING Official Juvenfle Shot SPALDING JUVENILE SHOT are made spherical in shape. The practice obtained with same will benefit the juvenile athlete as he develops and is able to use the reg- ulation shot. Made in two styles, lead and iron. The lead shot is cov- ered with special reinforced and cushioned leather, making it an ideal shot for use in schoolyard play- grounds or where it is desirable to have shot roll minimum distance after landing, and its construction makes it possible to use it on a board floor without danger of injury to latter. This shot will not lose weight even after considerable use. ]\f|\ C Leather Covered Shot, guaranteed llU. O. weight 5 lbs Each, No ^IS ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ (^^^ covered), liU« eliiJ* guaranteed weight 5 lbs. Each, .00 .00 VSl!^^^^^ Communications , addressed to New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOR STKEET fiVMBERS SEE INSWE tRONT COiT.H OF THIS BOOK ^ I London, I Edinburgh, I Sydney, |^ T England Scotland Australia ' Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis I San Francisco Kansas City Seattle Denver i ^fUnneapolis Detroit I St. Paul SJrll^HE SPALDING I THE SPALDING TRADEMARK IS PLACED UPON EVERY GENUINE SPALDING ARTICLE. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTETI Spalding Championship Hammer with Ball Bearing Swivel The Spalding Championship Ball Bearing Hammer, originally designed by John Flanagan, has been highly endorsed only after repeated trials in championship events. The benefits of the ball bearing construction will be quickly appreciated by all hammer throwers. Guaranteed absolutely correct in weight. No. I 2FB. 12-lb., with sole leather case. $7.60 No. I 2F. 12-lb. , without sole leather case. 5.50 No. 1 6FB, 16-lb., with sole leather case. 7.50 No. I 6F. 16-lb., without sole leather case. 5.60 ■7 Spalding Rnbber Covered Indoor Shot (Patented December 19, 1905) ^^Z^^ This shot is made according to scientific ^■Mv' \ P^'i'^ciples, with a rubber cover that is ^Bi^^^ 'I perfectly round ; gives a fine grip, and ^^K/^^^m has the proper resiliency when it comes ^^^^HHr in contact with the floor ; will wear ^^^^^ longer than the ordinary leather covered, and in addition there is no possibility that the lead -dust will sift out, therefore it is always full weight. No. P. 16-lb., SI O.OO 1 No. Q. 12-lb., S9.00 Indoor Shot With our improved leather cover Does not lose weight even when used constantly. No. 3. 12-lb., . Each, $7.00 No. 4. 16-lb., . " 7.50 No. 26. .8-lb., . " 5.00 Regulation Shot, Lead and Iron Cu|^ Gnaranteed Correct In Weight T3\ No. I 6LS. 16-lb., lead. Each, $3.5 O m No. I 2LS. 12-lb., lead. " 3.00 i^i No. I6IS. 16-lb., iron. " 1.7 5 mg No. I2IS. 12-lb., iron. " I.50 ^ No. SIS. 8-lb., iron. " 1.25 New Regulation Hammer with Wire Handle Gnaranteed Correct In weight Lead No. I 2LH. 12-lb., lead, practice. $4.60 No. I 6LH. 16-lb., lead, regulation. 5. CO Iron No. BIH. 8-lb., iron, juvenile. S2.60 No. I 2IH. 12-lb., iron, practice. 3.50 No. I 6IH. 16-lb., iron, regulation. 3.75 , Extra Wire Handles No. FH. For above hammers, improved de-| sign, large grip, heavy wire. Each, 75c. Spalding Regulation 56-lb. Weight Made after model submitted by Champion J. S. Mitchel, and endorsed by all weight throwers. Packed in box and j guaranteed correct in weight' and in exact accordance with rules of A. A. U. No. 2. Lead 56-lb. weights. Complete, SI 2. CO Spalding Olympic Discus Since the introduction of Discus Throw- ing, which was revived at the Olympic Games, at Athens, in 1896, and which was one of the principal features at the recent games held there, the Spalding Discus has been recognized as the Official Discus, and is used in all com- petitions because it conforms exactly to the Official rules in every re- spect, and is exactly the same as used at Athens, 1906, and London, 1908. Packed in sealed box, and guaranteed absolutely correct S6.00 Spalding Youths* Discus Offlclallr adopted by the PnbUc Schools Athletic League To satisfy the demand for a Discus that will be suitable for the use of the more youthful athletes, we have put out a ■ special Discus smaller in size and lighter in weight than the regular Official size. The Youths' Discus is made in accordance with official speci* fications. . . Price, 94.09. [E^^ corr^r^^on^^ A. G. SPALDING & BROS. ^-^^"^^^^^^ cities will receive attention. New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo FhUadelphia Pittsburg Baltimore Washington Atlanta New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOK STREET NUMBERS SEE INStDB FRONT COVER CtliCagO St. LOUlS ^ ■OF THIS BOOK London, England JEdinburgh, Scotland Sydney, AustraUa Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Prices in effect July 5, 1909, Subject to change without notice. sSSte THE SPALDING TRADEMARK 7u" Official Harness for Ttiree-Legged Racing MADE according to official rules. Complete Set of straps for fastening men and with extra straps for keeping fastenings at re- quired height in long distance races. Spalding Official Sacks for Sack Races (REINFORCED) SPALDING Official Sacks for Sack Races are made in two sizes, for men and boys. They are all strongly reinforced, will wear for a great length of time, and by their construction it is practi- cally impossible for racers to work their feet free. These sacks are made in exact ac- cordance with official regu- lations. No. MS. Men's Sack, rein- forced, 3 ft. wide. Each, $1.50 No. BS. Boys' Sack, rein- forced, 2;^ ft. wide. Each, $1.00 Communications addressed to A. G. SPALDING & BROS. in any of the following attention. New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada ^1^1 London, I Edinburgh, I Sydney, 1^ ' England Scotland Australia ' Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Sa THE SPALDING r THE SPALDING TRADEMARK IS PLACED UPON EVERY GENUINE SPALDING ARTICLE. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE. Foster's Patent Safety Hurdle The frame is 2 feet 6 inches high, with a swinging wooden hurdle 2 feet high, the swinging joint being 6 inches from one side and 18 inches from the other. With the short side up it measures 2 feet 6 inches from the ground, and with the long side up, 3 feet 6 inches. The hurdle can be changed from one height to the other in a few seconds, and is held firmly in either position by a thumb-screw. Single Hurdle, «3.50 Per set of Forty Hurdles, S I OO.OO Foster's Safety Hurdle at the World's Fair, St. Leufs Spalding Vaulting Standards These standards are made carefully and well. There is nothing flimsy about them, and the measurements are clearly and correctly marked, so as to avoid any misunderstanding or dispute. it- No. I09. Wooden uprights, gradu- ated in half inches, adjustable to 13 feet. Complete, $ I 5.00 No. 111. Wooden uprights, inch graduations, 7 feet high. Complete, $9.00 Cross Bars No. I 12. Hickory. Doz., $3.00 S palding Vaulting Poles— Selected Spruce, Solid The greatest care has been exercised in making these poles. In selecting the spruce only the most perfect and thoroughly seasoned pieces have been used. All of this goes to make them what we claim they are, the only poles really fit and safe for an athlete to use. No. No. No. No. No. lOO. lOI. I02. I03. I04. 8 feet long. 10 feet long. 12 feet long. 14 feet long. 16 feet long. Each, SS.OO 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 Spalding Hollow Spruce Poles Considerably lighter than the solid poles, and the special preparation with which we fill the interior of pole greatly increases the strength and stiffness. No. 200. 8 feet long. . . . s » Each, $8.00 Nfi. 20I. 10 feet long. ..,.»« " 8.60 No. 202. 12 feet long. . . . ^ , " 9.00 No. 203. 14 feet long. . . , i , " 9.60 No. 204. 16 feet long. . . . . . " lO.OO We guarantee all of our wood vaulting poles, both hollow and solid, to be perfect in material and workmanship, but we do not guarantee against breaks while in use, as we have found in our experience that they are usually caused by improper use or abuse. "^ Spalding Bamboo Vaulting Poles Supplied in one length only, 16 feet, tape wound at short intervals. Thoroughly tested before leaving our factory. Fitted with special spike. No. B i 6. Bamboo, 16 feet long. Each, $7.00 Competitors* Numbers, Printed on Heavy Manila Paper or Strong Linen -MANILA LINEN No. I. Ito 50. Set, $ .60 «2.50 No. 2. Ito 75. No. 3. 1 to 100. No. 4. 1 to 150. No. 5. 1 to 200. No. 6. 1 19 250. .75 3.75 i.OO 5.00 I.50 7.50 2.00 lO.OO 8,60 12.60 For larger meets we lO. I I. 12. 13. 14. 16. Ito 300. ito 400. Ito 500. Ito 600. Ito 700. Ito 800. Ito 900. 1 to 1000. 1 to liOO. PER SET $3.00 4.00 6.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 lO.OO I 1.00 No. ' PER SET 16. 1 to 1200. $ I 2.00I 17. ito 1300. I8.0Q 18. Ito 1400. 19. Ito 1500. 20. Ito 1600. 21. Ito 1700. 22. Ito 1800. 23. Ito 1900. 84. Ito 2000. Commun.,aUons^^^ A. G, SPALDING & BROS. "^^01 New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Washington \for stkeet numbers see ixswe moyr cover Pittsburg Atlanta [a- of mis book j^_^ Baltimore I New Orleans [•3'^ London, Edinburgh,! Sydney, Montreal. Canada I ^ I England | Scotland | Australia Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Franclscd Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul prices to effect July 5, 1909. Subject (q change without notice. ACCEPT NO suSteTHE SPALDINGa«;TRADE-MARK THE SPALDING TRADEMARK IS PLACED UPON EVERY GENUINE SPALDING ARTICLE. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTETI Spalding 7-Foot Circle The discus, shot and weights are thrown from the 7-foot circle. Made of one-piece band iron with bolted joints. Circle painted white. Each, $10.00 Spalding Take-off Board The Take-off a necessary adjunct to the athletic field. Regu- lation size; top painted white. Each, $3.00 Spalding Toe Board or Stop Board The Toe Board or Stop Board is used when putting the 16-lb. shot, throwing weights and discus, and is curved on the arc of a 7-foot circle. Toe Board, regulation size, painted white and sub- stantially made, s! . ._ Each, $3.50 Spalding Referees' Whistles No. I . Nickel-plated whistle, well made. Each, 25c. No. 2. Very reliable. Popular de- sign. 26c. Spalding Lanes for Sprint Races We supply in this set sufficient stakes and cord to lay out four 100-yard lanes. Stakes are made with pointed end and suf- ficiently strong, so that they can be driven into hard ground. No.L. Per set, $1 5. CO Patent Steel Tape Chain on Patent Electric Reel For Measuring Distances in Athletic Competitions Madeof supe- rior steel about ?f inch wide. The ■■^ ^j^^^^^a >-cr-v ^^^' allows /^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^ the entire I \}^ . ♦ . « e " tape open to V-/ Pat. May24,'92 dry and can be reeled and unreeled as easily as tapes in cases. Especially adapted to lay off courses and long measurements. Accuracy guaranteed. Com- plete directions with every tape. No. IB. 100 feet long. . Each, $5, CO No. I IB. 200 feet long. . " 7.50 Patent "Angle" Steel Measuring Tape (QI. Especially adapted for laying off base ball dia- monds, tennis courts and all kinds of athletic fields, both outdoors and indoors. 1 With this patent "Angle" Tape one person can easily secure accurate right angles, yet the tape is equal to any other for straight or any kind of measuring. Steel Tape enclosed in hard leather case, flush handles, all mountings nickel-plated. Accuracy guaranteed. No. A. 50 feet long, %in. wide. Each, $4.00 No. B. 100 feet long, 3g in. wide. " 6.75 Spalding Stop Watch Stem winder, nickel-plated case, porcelain dial, regis- tered to 60 seconds by 1-5 seconds, fly back angaging and disengaging mechanism. Each, $7.50 Spalding Starter's Pistol 32 caliber, two inch barrel. Patent ejecting device. Each, $6.00 *-s^ ^— a"J...o A. G.SPALDING & ^ROSJ'^'-^>?L:'^,^^l=..::^^m New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans FOR STREET NL.'^BERS SEE JXSWE FRO.\T COVER ■4, OF THIS BOOK 4- Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul P * London, England Edinburgh, Scotland Australili ¥ Pricixi in e/fec tJuli,5.1S 09. Subject to change * m-o la/iotlce. StHUHE SPALDING SMIDING Boys' Running SUITS Combination prices will be quoted on five or more suits as specified. No. IB SUIT— Consisting of Retail No. 6E Shirt $ .50 No. 6 Running Pants. . . .35 No. K Shoes 75 No. VB Sweater (Gray only) . 1 .25 Price, if separate articles composing outfit are purchased singly. .... $2.o5 Combination Price $2*40 Striping pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra No. 2B SUIT— Consisting of Retail No. 6E Shirt $ .50 No. 6 Running Pants. . . .35 No. K Shoes 75 No. 1 Bathrobe. . . . 2.50 Price, if separate articles composing outfit are purchased singly. . . . . $4. 1 Combination Price $3.60 Striping pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra No. 3B SUIT- Consisting of Retail No. 6E Shirt $ .50 No. 4 Running Pants. . . .50 No. 1 2 Running Shoes, sizes 1 to 6, with spikes for outdoor running. . 2.50 No. JB Sweater (Gray only) . 1 .50 Price, if separate articles composing outfit are purchased singly. .... $5.00 Combination Price $4.40 Striping pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra ) A« \T» SPALDING & BROS* aties win receive attention. New York Boston sjrra Buf Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOR STREET NUMBERS SEE J.SSIVE FRONT COiTR ■OF THIS BOOK «^| London,|£dinburgl|,| Sydney, 1^ T England 'Scotland Australia ' Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis Detroit I St. Paul sSbsS THE SPALDING TRADE-MARK TuAulf SPALDING Boys' Running CI TITC ^o^^^^^^^o^ prices will be quoted on five or more suits as specified. NO« 4B SUIX — Consisting of Retail No. 6E Shirt $ .50 No. 4 Running Pants. . . .50 No. 1 14 Leather Running Shoes, sizes 1 to 6, rubber soles, no spikes, for indoor running. . 2.50 No. JB Sweater (Gray only). . 1 .50 Price, if separate articles composing outfit are purchased singly. .... $3.00 Combination Price $4.40 Striping pants doivn sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra ]VO* 5B SUIT — Consisting of Retail No. 6E Shirt $ .50 No. 4 Running Pants. . . .50 No. 1 2 Running Shoes, with spikes, for outdoor running. . . 2.50 No. 1 Bathrobe. . . . 2.50 Price, if separate articles composing outfit are ■ purchased singly. .... $6.00 Combination Price $S*40 Striping pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra No. 6B SUIT— Con5r5/mg of No. 6E Shirt No. 4 Running Pants. No. I 1 4 Leather Running Shoes, rubber soles, no spikes; indoor use. No. 1 Bathrobe. Price, if separate articles composing outfit are purchased singly. .... Combination Price $5*40 Striping pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra Retail $ .50 .50 2.50 2.50 $6.00 to A. G. SPALDING & BROS* ^" ^"ofe wufre^he attention. New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada ^^ I London, I Edinburgh, I Sydney, ITf ^ England Scotland AastraUa ^ Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Price;} in effect July 5, 1909.. Subject to change mthout notice. ASSUME SPALDING SPALDING INDOOR^sr f"'''"^'""^' RUNNING Suits Combination prices will be quoted on Jive more suits as specified. or Consisting of No. ID SUIT No. 6E Shirt, white. No. 4 Running Pants. . No. K Shoes Price, if articles composing Retail $ .50 .50 .75 outfit are purchased singly. $1.75 Combination Price, $1.45 Striping Pants down sides or around waist. 20c. pair extra Consisting of ^O. 2D SUIT No. 6E Shirt, white. No. 3 Running Pants. . No. 1 Shoes. Price, if articles composing outfit are purchased singly. $2.75 Combination Price, $2.20 Striping Pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra Retail $ .50 .75 1.50 Consisting of ^0» 3D No. 6E Shirt, white. No. 4 Running Pants. . No. 11 4 Shoes. . . Price, if articles composing outfit are purchased singly. Combination Price, $3.00 Striping Pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra SUIT ,,,„ $ .50 .50 2.50 $3.50 Communicgtions .^ f^ Q SPALDING & BROS. ^ ""^•'J^ ''■^Z?"""'?"^ addressed i cities will receive attention. New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo PhUadelpbia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOR STREET HVMBERS SEE INSIDE FROST COVER A OF THIS BOOK London, Edinburgh, Sydney, England Scotland | Australia Prices in effect Jul}/ S, 1909, Subject /p change without potice^ StuteTHE SPALDING QUALITY SPALDING OUTDOOR f'^-'^"* Running Suits Combination prices will be quoted on Jive or more suits as specified. Consisting of No. IS SUIT Retail No. 6E Shirt, white. . $ .50 No. 4 Running Pants. . .50 No. K Shoes . . .75 Price, if articles composing outfit are purchased singly. $1.75 Combination Price, $1.45 Striping Pants down sides or around waist. 20c. pair extra Consisting of No. 2S SUIT Retail $ .50 .50 3.00 No. 6E Shirt, white. No. 4 Running Pants. . No. 1 1 Shoes. . Price, if articles composing outfit are purchased singly. $4.00 Combination Price, $3.30 Striping Pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra Consisting of '^O. 3S SUIT r,,^,, No. 600 Shirt. . . $1.50 No. 3 Running Pants. . .75 No. 1 IT Shoes. . . 4.00 Price, if articles composing " outfit are purchased singly. $6.25 Combination Price, $5.30 Striping Pants down sides or around waist, 20c. pair extra M^yfj S^^ Communications addressed to A. G. SPALDING "& 'KROS.'^""^'^^?'^:^^^^^^ New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo PhUadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada ¥ London, England MltERS SEE INSIDE FHONT CO\T.R I ChicagO TH)s BOOK ^J Cincinnati Edinburgh,! Svdnev. 1^ Cleveland Scotland Sydney, Australia htrV St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Prices in effect July 5, 1909^ Subject (ff change without notice. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE V'JAVi ^jsmmmm^i THE SPALDING TRADEMARK IS PLACED UPON EVERY GENUINE SPALDING ARTICLE. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTL Spalding lONG-DISTANCE RUNNING SHOES cogsgiaa-'^l ^ Spalding Running Shoes were worn by many of the American Team at the Olympic Games, London, and the news of the un- paralleled success of the men from these shores came to us with the added know- ledge that we had con- tributed in at least some small degree to make their victory so conclusive. We had been building for just this result for over twenty years, or since our shoes have been made in the Spalding Factory, sparing no pains or expense in our endeavor to turn out abso- lutely perfect athletic shoes, and when the im- portance of having a shoe expert on the ground with the American athletes at the Olympic Games, Lon- don, was borne to us, our expert went to give what- ever aid, counsel and en- couragement he could to the sterling athletes who competed for the glory of America and the Stars and Stripes. (s===:S «===*=:£ e=*ss£ BUILT TO WIN. The same models as used hy many of the competitors Id the famous riflHRHTHOM race at the \''JMae€tOi^- 1908 Olympic Games, London. No. MB. High cut. Made with special pure gum "diamond point' ' rubber soles and special quality black leather uppers. Full finished inside so as nol to hurt the feet in a long race. Hand sewed. This is a special shoe, not carried in stock, and made to order only. We can- not guarantee the soles on these shoes as they are pur« gum, which, while the best and rnost costly material for tha purpose, is not, unfortunately, the most durable. Pair, $8.00 No. MO. Low cut. Made with corrugated tap rubber sole and cushioned leather heel; special quality black leather uppers. Full finished inside so as not to hurt the feet in a long race. Hand sewed. Per pair, $5.00 No. MH. High cut. Made with corrugated tap rubber sole and cushioned leather heel; special quality black leather uppers. Full finished inside so as not to hurt, the feet in a long race. Hand sewed. Pair, $5.00 The above represent the three styles most popular among American distance runnera. 1^3^^^ Communications A | addressed to A* ' J.SPALDING & BKOS.'"''"'ci^i/'£ilfr^^"Jarte^^^ New York Boston Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOR STREET tJUMBERS SEE INSCDB FRONT COVER A. OF THIS BOOK ♦ Chicago Cincinnati St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle MinneapoUs St. Paul ffl London, England Edinburgh, Scotland Australia m Cleveland Columbus Prices in effect July 5, 1909. Subject to ch'' ''" Each, SB.OO-k $5Jt.00-Doz. No. 3j. Standard weight wool, shaker knit, pearl buttons. In Gray or White only. Each, 9^.GO-k$lt8.00Doz. WITH POCKETS No. VGP. Best quality wors- ted, heavy weight, pearl but- tons. Made up in Gray or White only. With pocket on either side and a particularly convenient and popular style for golf players. Each, SG.OOii: $75.00 Doz. No. VGP ULT \KJ Spalding Vest Collar Sweaters No. BG. Best quality worsted, good weight. Gray or White only, with ex- treme open or low neck. Each, $5.50 -k $57.00 Doz. Boys' Jacket Sweater No. 3JB. This is an all wool jacket sweater, with pearl buttons; fur- nished in Gray only, and sizes from 30 to 36 inches chest measurement. Each, S3. 00 •k$33.00Doz. SPECIAL NOTICE— We will furnish any of the above solid color sweaters with one color body and another color (not striped) collar and calls in stocl( colors only at no extra charge. This does not apply la the No. 3 JB Boys' Sweater. The prices "printed in italics opposite items marked with * will be quoted only on orders for one half dozen or more. Qtiantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with ir Commun ications tekjo A. G. SPALDING & BROS. '"""'Ji tf\e following cities will attention. New York Boston Syracosc Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada London, Edinburgh, England Scotland AustraUa Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Prices in effect July 5, J 909. Subject to change without notice. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE ATHLETIC SHIRTS, TIGHTS AND TRUNKS STOCK COLORS AND SIZES. Worsted Goods, Best Quality. We carry following colors regularly in stock: Black, Navy Blue and Maroon, in stock sizes. Shirts, 26 to 44 in chest. Tights, 28 to 42 in. waist. Other colors and sizes made to order at special prices. Estimates on application. Our No. 600 Line Worsted Goods. Furnished in Gray and White, Navy Blue, Maroon and Black only. Stock sizes : Shirts, 26 to 44 in. chest ; Tiglits. 28 to 42 in. waist. Sanitary Cotton Goods. Colors: Bleached White, Navy, Black, Maroon and Gray. Stock sizes : 26 to 44 ^ '° '' '"■ "="^' Spalding Sleeveless Shirts No. 1 E. Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors and sizes. Each, $3.00 No. 600. Cut worsted, stock colors and sizes. Each, S 1 .50 * $13.50 Doz. No. 6E. Sanita»-y Cotton, stock colors and sizes. Each,50c. if White, ^. 50 Doz. Spalding Striped Sleeveless shirts * <^^'''^^' ^•^^^''~- No. 6OOS. Cut Worsted, with 4-inch stripe around chest, in following com- binations of colors; Navy with White stripe; Black with Orange stripe; Maroon with White stripe; Red with Black stripe; Royal Blue with White stripe; Black with Red stripe; Gray with Cardinal stripe. . Each, $ 1 .50 * $15.00 Doz. iNo. 6ES. Sanitary Cotton, solid color body, with 4-inch stripe around chest, ilin same combinations of colors as No. 600S. . Each, 75c. if $7.50 Doz Spalding Shirts with Sash No. 6ED. Sanitary Cotton, sleeveless, solid color body with sash of differ- '^Lr^°°^ ent color. Same combinations of colors as No. 600S. Each, 75c. if $7.50 Doz. r"^"^^^^'' Spalding Quarter Sleeve Shirts L ^""^ Best Worsted, full fashioned.stock colors and sizes. Each, S3.00 -i CutWorsted.stock colors and sizes. Each, $l.50 * $15.00 Doz. Sanitary Cotton, stock colors and sizes. 50c. * White, i. 50 Doz. 4.75 Doz. No. IF. N0.6OI No. 6F. Spalding Full Sleeve Shirts * ^''^'"'• No. 3D. Cotton, Flesh, White, Black Each, SI. OO m Spalding Knee Tights No. IB. Best Worsted, full jjjjj,^^ fashioned, stock colors and jflfl sizes. . . Pair, $3.00 H n ill No. 6 O 4 . Cut Worsted, stock colors and sizes. Pair, $ 1 .50 if $13.50 Doz. No. 4B. Sanitary Cotton, stock (i.lors and sizes. Pair, 50c. • White, $i. 50 if Colors, $i. 75 Spalding Full Length Tights !f|.;;i,,i| l-jHi No. I A. Best Worsted, full «*UiiiJ tiiiiiiia fashioned, stock colors and Pair, $4.00 Ikl I-jI: Sizes. No. IB No. 606. Cut Worsted, stock colors and sizes. . Pair, $2.00 * $21.00 Doz. No. 3A. Cotton, full quality. White, Black, ■ $ 1 .00 * $9.00 Doz. Spalding Running Pants No. I . White or Black Sateen, fly front, lace back. Pair, St. 25 if $12.00 Doz. No. 2. White or Black Sateen, fly front, lace back. Pair, $ 1 .00 * $9.00 Doz. No. 3. White or Black Silesia, fly front, lace back. Pair, 75c. * $7.50 Doz. No. 4. White, Black or Gray Silesia, fly front, lace back. Pair, 50c. * $5.00 Doz. Flesh. Pair. Spalding Worsted Trunks No. I . Best Worsted, Black, Maroon and Navy. Pr.,$2.00 'No.T No. 2. Cut Worsted, Navy and black. Special colors to order. Pr.,S I .OO The prices printed in italics opposite items marked with if will be quoted only on orders for one-half dozen or more. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with if Silk Ribbon Stripes down sides of any of these running pants 25c. per pair extra. if $2.40 Doz. Silk Ribbon Stripe around wiist on any of these running pants 25c. per pair extra. * $2.40 Doz. Spalding Velvet Trunks No. 3. Fine Velvet. Colors: Black, Navy, Royal Blue, Ma- roon. Special colors to order. Pair, « 1 .00 * $10.00 Doz. No. 4. Sateen. Black. White. Pair, 50c. * $5.00 Doz. w Communications A /l .C1>A Y T\f Vn A> 1&1>/>C in any of the following ^ addressed to fk» %!• OAAiMlIinM jOC J>ll\.\Jj> cities will receiw attet SyracoM Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta fialtiniore I New Orleans MontreaL Canada an. Edinburgh, Sydney, England | Scotland | Australia Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco' Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul rrTHES^^^^ QUALITY THE SPALDING OFFICIAL INTERCOLLEGIATE FOOT BAU THIS is the ONLY OFFICIAL RUGBY FOOT BALL, and is used in every important match played in this country. Guaranteed absolutely if seaJ of box is unbroken. We pack with leather case and guaranteed pure Para rubber bladder, (no composition), an inflater, lacing needle and rawhide lace. No. J5. Complete, $5.00 We Guarantee every Spaldmg Foot Ball to be perlect in material and workmanship and correct in shape and size when inspected at our fac- tory. If any defect is discovered during the first game in which it Is used, or during the first day's practice use, and if returned at once, we will replace same under this guarantee. We do not guarantee against ordinary wear nor against defect in shape or size that is not discovered immediately after the first day's use. Owing to the superb quality of every Spalding Foot Ball, our customers have grown to expect a season's use of one ball, and at times make unreason- able claims under our guarantee, which we will not allow. j'^/i^L^^ ^"^m lj»J^ ^^ Communications addressed to A* G. SPALDING & BROS* '" cities wiS receive attention New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada Y London, England Edinburgh, Sydney, Scotland Australia Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Prices m effect July 5. 1909. Subject to change without notice sSbSe THE SPALDING "•5j^^^^?ff TRADEMARK "^riiif The Only Official Association Foot Ball ^n Old Favorite — just as T^opular as ever The Spalding Official No. L Association ^Foot BalR The case of our No. L Ball is constructed in four sections with capless ends, neat in ap- pearance and very serviceable. Material and w^orkmanship are of highest quality and fully guaranteed. Each ball is packed complete in sealed box, with pure Para rubber (no com- position) guaranteed bladder, foot ball inflater, rawhide lace and lacing needle. Contents guaranteed if seal is unbroken. No. L. The Spalding "Official" Association Foot Ball. $5.00 13yE GUARANTEE every SpaldingFoot Ball '* to be perfect in viaterial and workmanship and correct in shape and size when inspected at our factory. If any defect is discovered during the first game in which it is used, or during the first day's practice use, and, if returned at once tee will replace same under this guarantee. We do not guarantee against ordinary wear nor against defect in shape or size that is not discovered im- mediately after the first day's use. Owing to the superb Quality of every Spalding Foot Ball, our customers have grown to expect a seaso7i's use of one ball, and at times make unreasonable claims under our guarantee, which we will not allow. ^J'^i^.r^ A. G. SPALDING & BROS. "'''"^i^I'%^^^ attention ^'^m New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Pittsburg Baltimore Washington Atlanta Montreal. Canada New Orleans *{• London, Edinburgh, Sydney, TSf . Canada ' England Scotland Australia ' Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul /V?«3 ia effect July 5, 1909^ Subject tg chns. it is stipulated that this ball must be used in all match games of either men's or women's teams. No. M. Spalding <* Official'' Basket Ball. Each, $6.00 Extract irom Men's Official Rule Bool( Rule II-Ball. Sec. 3. The ball made by A. G. Spald- ing & Bros, shall be the official ball. Official balls will be ^gffKiXis. stamped as herewith. (c^^Vljl and will be in sealed S^SJTT^^ Sec. 4. The official ball must be used in all match games. Extract from Official Collegiate Rule Book The Spalding Official Basket Ball No. M is the official ball of the ,^>^ Intercollegi- /7^^?N ate Basket V As2lIS<&{/ BallAssocia- ^^JacETSJs*^ tion, and must be used in all match games. Extract from Women's Official Rule Booli; Rule II- Ball. Sec. 3. The ball made by A. G. Spald'- ing & Bros shall be the official ball; Official balls wiF " stamped as herewith, /^ and will be in i boxes. Sec. 4. The official ball must be used in all match games. Con.n,unica^ons^^ A. G. SPALDING & BROS. in any of the following cities will receive attention Hew York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Washington \for street nvmbeks see jnside front cover Pittsburg Atlanta I * "^ ™js book Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Pricei in effect July 5, 1909. Subject to change without mtice^ London, England Edinburgh, Scotland Sydney, Australia St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul StKtUHE SPALDING QUALITY Spalding "Special No. E" / BASKETBALL ^ X y No. E. Fii.L ijcijw.c grain lea- ther case. The bladder of pure Para rubber (no composition) and guaranteed. Each ball complete in sealed box, with rawhide lace and lacing needle. Each, $4.00 Spalding Practice "No. 18" No. I 8. Giiuu iiualily leather cover; regulation size. Each ball complete in box with pure Para rubber (no composition) bladder guaranteed ; rawhide lace and lacing needle. Each, $2.50 No. O ( . Canvas Cover, for holding inflated basket ball. Each, S 1 .00 Spalding Basket Ball Score Books No. I . Paper cover, 10 games, I Oc. No. 2. Cloth cover, 25games,25c. No. A. Collegiate, paper cover, 10 games. . Each, lOc, No. B. Collegiate, cloth cover, 25 games. . Each, 25c. Spalding Officially adopted and must be used in ail match games. We are equipping our basket ball goals now with nets constructed so that the bottom may be left open in practice games to per- mit ball to drop through. The opening is closed readily by a draw string for match games. No. 80. Per pair, $4.00 Officiar' Basket Ball Goals Extract from Official Rule Book RULE III. -GOALS Sec 3. The goal made by A. G. Spalding & r^l£rifi5gajTO«««f Bros, shall be the offi- '■"^^ MHw8»(Z?88a cial goal Sfx 4. The official goal must be used in all match games. No. 70. Spalding Detachable Basket Ball Goals No. 50. Made so that they may be detached readily from the wall or upright, leav- ing no obstruction to interfered with other games or with gen- eral gymnasium work. Same size basket and brace, same length as on ofl^cial goals. Spalding Practice Coals Japanned Iron Rings and Brackets. Complete with nets. Per pair. $3.00 Per pairj S5.00 Spalding Outdoor Goals The upright post is made of 4x6 inch se- lected chestnut. The backstop itself is made of tongue and groove chestnut, all of the woodwork being given two coats of durable outdoor paint. Fur- nished complete with pair of No. 80 Official Basket Ball Goals. No. I 60. Pair, $40.00 Spalding Backstops Only for Basket Ball Goals These backstops are made of ^s-inch matched hard wood. The back of the board is reinforced by three cleats of 2 X Z's inch material. On flat walls the two end cleats extend above and below the backstop, which attached to the wall by bolting through these cleats. No. 100. Per pair, $20.00 Spalding Thumb Protector No. T. A substantial support that players will appreciate. j Each, 50c. Spalding Bladders— Guaranteed Quality All rubber bladders bearing our Trade-Mark are made of pure Para rubber (no composition), and are guaranteed perfect in material and workmanship. Note special explanation of guar- antee on tag attached to each bladder. No. OM. For No. M ball Each, $1.25 No. 16. For No. E ball "' .76 No. A. For No. 18 ball " .75 A. G. SPALDING & BROS* '" ""owes wufrece^ attention. New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOR STKEET NUMBERS SEE JNSCDE FRO.ST COVER ChiCagO OF THIS BOOK ^J Cincinnati London, I Edinburgh, Sydney, ^ff] Cleveland England Scotland Australia ~ Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul Prices in effect July 5, 1909. Subject to change without notice. SEETHE SPAL{)ING TRADEMARK "^"nS^^ QUALITY ts^^ss^s^^ DdSKCI DdU Suits Combination Prices Apply Only on Five or more Suits No. IT SUIT Consisting of No. 6E Shirt, white. No. 4 Running Pants. No. 4RC Stockbgs. No. K Shoes. Price, if articles composing outfit are purchased singly Combination Price • Striping pants down sides, 20c. per pair extra Retail $ .50 .50 .40 .75 $2.15 $1.75 No. 2T SUIT Consisting of Retail No. 6ES or 6ED Shirt. . $ .75 No. 4 Running Pants. . .50 No. 4RC Stockings. . .40 No. K Shoes. . . .75 Price, if articles composing outfit are purchased singly $2.40 Combination Price • q)iy«UU Striping pants down sides, 20c. per pair extra A. G. SPALDING & BROS/^'"?/^SI?S«««^- Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOR STREET I^VMHERS SEE JNStDE FRONT COVER ^ I London, I Edinburgh,! Sydney, 1^ T England Scotland Australia ' Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul ' f ono ^ttMttf* #A ^l>yi StI1?e THE SPALDING mx Basket Ball Suits Combination Prices Apply Only on Five or More Suits No. 3T SUIT Consisting of No. 600 Shirt. No. 5B Pants. No. 3RC Stockings. No. K Shoes. Price, if articles composing outfit are purchased singly Combination Price • Striping pants down sides, 20c. per pair extra Retail $1.50 1.00 .75 .75 $4.00 $3.15 Ho. 4T SUIT Consisting of Retail No. 600S Shirt. . , $1.50 No. 5B Pants. . .1.00 No. SRC Stockings. . .75 No. M Shoes. . .1.00 Price, if articles composing outfit are purchased singly $4.25 Combination Price • $d*TV Striping pants down sides, 20c. per pair extra ^m Communications A /Z C1>AYI\flT/l A* I^Vr^C in any of the following addressed to A. \I. Dx ALiUinSl CC X»lvl/J. cities will receive attention. I New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo PhUadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore New Orleans Montreal. Canada TOR STREET MUMBERS SEE J.MSIDE FRONT COITR ¥ fiF THIS BOOK London, Edinburgh, Sydney, " ■■ id Scotland Australia Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul ' Prices ia fJfectJuJy 5, ISOS^Sl^^ ia diairse ivithout PQficfi^ StKUHE SPALDING Spalding Basket Ball Shoes Spalding Basket Ball Shoes, on account of their general satis- factory qualities, are worn by the most prominent teams and *"««*<*«* players in the country.;;;;: No. BBR. THE SPALDING "EXPERT" BASKEf BALL SHOES. Pure gum thick rubber soles, with special diamond point surface and reinforced edges to prevent sole spreading. Laces extremely far down. Made of best quahty black calf in highest type of workmanship. The soles on these shoes are perfectly made but we do not guarantee as to length of service. . Per pair, $8.00 1 No. AB. SPALDING BASKET BALL SHOES. The red rubber suction soles we use on these shoes are superior quality and 1-16 inch thicker than the soles on the No. BB shoes. One of the principal advantages of this style of sole is that it enables the playertoobtainagood, firm purchase on the floor. Superior quality light drab chrome tan leather. Laces extremely far down. Pair, $5. CO No. BB. SPALDING BASKET BALI SHOES. Suction soles of good quality red rubber. Uppers of good quality black leather. A very popular style of basket ball shoe. Per pair, $3.60 No. BEL. SPALDING BASKET BAIL SHOES FOR LADIES. These are otherwise same as No. BB shoe. . Per pair, $3.5 O No. HH. SPALDING CANVAS TOP BASKET BALL SHOES. High cut white canvas upper. Sole surface is similar to our popular gymnasium shoes, but of white, best quality rubber, twice as thick as on best rubber sole gymnasium shoe. Avery durable and satisfactory shoe. Pair, $2.00 No. H. Same as No. HH, but low cut. ... " 1.75 c ■ ' J Spalding Special Basket Ball Pants No. 6B. Good quality, either Gray or White flannel, padded lightly on hips ; very loose fitting. Per pair, $1.75 * $18.00 Doz No. 5B. Heavy Brown orWhite c in vas, padded lightly on hips ; vcr\ loose fitting. Per pair, $ I .OO • $9.00 Ih No. 7B. White silesia, hips lightb k- , 1 ci-t.: X No. aoP, Ho. 40,, Padded full knee length pants, J Similar to No. 40P. but unpadded. padded; vei-y loose fitting. r- X Per pair, $ .75 -„ White Silesia. "■ I .OO \^:_^ .75 No. 40P fSte prices printed frt italics opposite items marked with ic tcill he quoted only on orders for one-half dozen av more. Quantity prices NOT allowed on items NOT marked with ic Communldations addressed to A. G. SPALDING & BROS. Wew York Boston Sfracuac Philadelphia Pittsburg JSaltimore Washington Atlanta New Orleans ^ London, Edinburgh, Sydney, njf Cleveland in any of the ioUowing c ities will receive attention, j Chicago Cincinnati St. Louis Kansas City Denver San Francisco Seattle MInneapoIB «» Paul M ACCEPT NO SUBSIITUTE THE SPALDING(jO))TRADE MARK GUARANTFES QUAUTY Spalding Gymnasimn Suits COMBI\ATION PRICES APPLY ONLY ON FIVE OR MORE SUITS No. IG SUIT Consisting of Retail No. 6E Shirt, white. $ .50 No. 4 Running Pants. .50 No. K Shoes. . . .75 Price, if articles com- posing outfit are puchased singly. $1.75 Combination Price . . $1.45 No. 3G SUIT Consisting of Retail No. 600 Shirt. . $1.50 No. 4 Y.M.C.A. Trousers. . . 1.75 No. I Shoes. . 1 .50 Price, if articles com- posing outfit are purchased singly. $4.75 Combination Price . , $3.85 ass^ ^""-""■asiTiT A. G. SPALDING & BROS. "°"?,,t'aSr^ „„,,,„„- No. 2G SUIT Consisting of Retail No. 6E Shirt, white. $ .50 No. 14B Knee Pants. 1. 00 No. K Shoes. . . .75 Price, if articles com- posing outfit are purchased singly. $2.25 Combinational qa No. 4G SUIT Consisting of Retail No. 600 Shirt. . .$1.50 No. 605 Full Tights. 2.00 No. I Shoes. . . 1.50 No. 3 Trunks. . . 1.00 Price, if articles com- posing outfit are purchased singly. $6.00 Combination Price !$4.95 New York Boston Syracuse Buffalo PhUadelphia Washington Pittsburg Atlanta Baltimore I New Orleans Montreal. Canada FOR STREET At.V/iK/?S SEE J.WSWE FRO^T C0\T:R CtliCagO ^r—— 1"^""-^^""^' ^ Cincinnati •J* London, Edinburgh, Sydney, \*iff Cleveland T England Scotland Australia ~ Columbiis St. Louis Kansas City Denver Detroit San Francisco Seattle Minneapolis St. Paul THE SPALDING^^^TRADE-M GUARANTEES IIPMO ACCEPT NO IjT^ QUALITY ^:;;^ substitute ^ London England Communications addressed to A. G. SPALDING & BROS. any of the following cities will receive attention For street numbers see inside front cover of this book Edinburgh Scotland New York Bolialo Syracuse Boston Pittsburg Cleveland Philadelphia Washington Baltimore Chicago Detroit Atlanta St. Louis Denver Seattle Cincinnati Kansas City Minneapolis San Francisco New Orleans Montreal.Can. Fricea in ^ect JoMwaxy 5, 1909. Subject to change without notice THE SPALDING GUARANTEES I -r^fc QUALITY ^^TRADE-MARK ISPALSiO ACCEPT NO %^:^ SUBSTITU TE t^ \\ SPALDING OFFICIAL NATIONAL LEAGUE BALL The Official Ball of the game for over 30 years. Adopted by the National League in 1878 and the only ball used in championship games since that time. No. Ir Each, $1.25 Per dozen, $15.00 SPALDING OFFICIAL NATIONAL LEAGUE JUNIOR In every respect same as our Official National League Ball No. 1, except slightly smaller in size. Especially designed for junior clubs (composed of boys under 16 years of age) and all games in which this ball is used will be recognized as legal games. No.Bl. Each, $1.00 Spalding National Association Ball No. NA. Made in exact accordance with the rules governing the National and American Leagues and all clubs under the National Aifreement. Ea.,$1.00. Doz.,$12.00 Spalding National Association Jr. No. B2. In every respect same as our National Association Ball No. NA, except slightly smaller in size Each, 75c. Spalding Public School League No. B3. A well made junior size ball. Splendid for general prac- tice by boys' teams. Each, 50c. Spalding King of the Diamond No. 5. Full size, of good material, horsehide cover. . . Each, 25c. Spalding Junior Professional No. 7B. Slightly under regular size, horsehide cover and very lively Each, 25c. Spalding Boys Amateur Ball No. 11. Nearly regulation size and weight, the best ball for the money on the market; one dozen balls in a box. . . . Each, 10c. Spalding Double Seam League Ball No. 0. Made with same care and of same material as our Official National League Ball. The double seam is used in its construction, rendering it doubly secure against rippinar. Each, $1.50 Doz.. $18.00 Spalding City League No.L4. Full size and weight. Very well made and excellent for sren- eral practice. Ea., 75c. Doz., $9.00 Spalding Professional No. 2. Full size ball. Made of care- fully selected material and first- class quality. ... Each. 50c Spalding Lively Bounder No. 10. Horsehide cover; the inside is all rubber, making it the live- liest ball ever offered at the price Each, 25c. Spalding Boys' Favorite No. 12. A good boys' lively ball; two-piece cover. Packed one dozen balls in a box. Each, 10c Spalding Rocket BaU No. 13. A good bounding ball; boys' size. One dozen balls in a box Each, 5c London England Communications addressed to A. G. SPALDING & BROS. in any of the following cities will receive attention For street numbers see inside front cover of this book Edinboroh Scotland New York Buffalo Syracuse Boston Pittsbnrg Cleveland Philadelphia Washington Baltimore Chicago Detroit Atlanta St. LoDis Denver Seattle Cincinnati Kansas City Minneapolis San Francisco New Orleans Montreai.CiB. Frieu in ifftU January S, 1909.^ Subjtet ta ehaagt without natit*:^ St eTHE SPALDING Durand-Steeli Lockers -y^r- Wooden lockers are objectionable^ because they attract vermin, absorb odors, can be easily broken into, and are dangerous on account of fire. Lockers made from wire mesh 6t expanded metal afford little secur* Ity, as they can be easily entered with wire cut* ters. Clothes placed in them become coveredl with dust, and the lockers themselves present a poor appearance, resembling animal cages Durand-Steel Lockers are made of finest grade furniture steel and are finished with gloss black, furnace-baked japan (400°). comparable to that used on hospital ware, which will never flake off nor require refinishing, as do paints and enamels. Somd <>f tTid 6,0 Ourand-Steel Lockers Installed In tnd Public Cymnaslums of Chicago. I2"x I5'x42', Double Tier. Durand-Steel Lockers are usually built with doors perforated full length in panel design with sides and backs solid. This prevents clothes in one locker from coming in contact with wet garments in adjoining lockers, while plenty of venti- lation is secured by having the door perfo- rated its entire length, but, if the purchaser prefers, we perforate the backs also. , The cost of Dnrand-Steel Lockers is no more than that of first-class 'wooden lockers, and they last as long as the building, are sanitary, secure, and, in addition, are fire-proof. The following Standard Sizes are those most commonly used : DOUBLE TIER 12 X 12 xSe Inch IS X 15 x36 Inch 12 X 12x42 Inch I5x IS x42 Inch SINGLE TIER 12 X 12x60 Inch ISx 15x60 Inch I2x 12x72 Inch 15x15x72 IncK 8U l,90Ker« In Double Tier Three Lockers In Single Tier Special Sizes made to order. We are handling lockers as a special con- tract business, and shipment will in every case be made direct from the factory in Chicago. If you will let us know the num- ber of lockers, size and arrangement, we shall be glad to take up, through corre- spondence, the matter of prices. Communications addressed to A. G. New York SjracDse misbnrg Boston Pliiladelphl^ Washington Atlanta Now OrUaii SPALDING & BROS.'^iftil^y/, '^etJ.i'7t& For street numbers see inside - front cover of this book ^ England Edinburgh '^Scotland |Wontrea| Canada Chicago Cincinnati Cleviland St. Lonis Denver Pricet \n effect January S, 1909.^ Subject to change uiithouljnotice^ 1 San Francisco Kansas City |t})nneapoU$ HE following index from Spalding's latest Catalogues will give an idea of the great variety of Athletic Goods manufactured by A. G. Spalding & Bros. Ankle Brace, Skate Archery Ash Bars Athletic Library Attachments, Chest \V«i^lit Bags, Bathi-ng Suit Bags, Caddy Bags, Cricket Bagi, Uniform Balls, Base Balls, Basket Ball Cleaner, Golf Balls, Cricket Balls. Goli Balls, Playground Balls, Squash Balls, Tennis Bandages, Elastic Bar Bells Bar Stalls Bars, Parallel Bases, Base Ball Bases, Indoor Basket Ball Wear Bathing Suits Bats, Base Ball Bats, Cricket Bats, Indoor Batting Cage, Base Ball Belts Bladders, Basket Ball Bladders, Foot Ball Bladders, Striking Bags Blades, Fencing Blouses, Umpire Boxing Gloves Caddy Badges Caps, Base Ball Caps, University Caps, Skull Center Forks, Iron Center Straps, Canvas Chest Weights Coats, Base Ball Collars, Swimming Combination Uniforms Corks, Running Cricket Goods Croquet Goods Cross Bars Discus, Olympic Discs, Marking Discs, Rubber Golf Disks, Striking Bag Dumb Bells Emblems Equestrian Pold Exerciser, Home Exhibition Clubs Fencing Sticks Field Hockey Finger Protection Flags, College Flags, Marking Foils, Fencing Foot Balls, Association Foot Balls, Rugby Foot Ball Goal Nets Foot Ball Timer Foul Flags Gloves, Base Ball Gloves, Cricket Gloves, Fencing Gloves, Golf Gloves, Handball Gloves. Hockey Glove Softener Goals, Basket Ball Goal Cage, Polo Goals, Foot Ball Goals, Hockey Golf Clubs Golf Counters Golfette Grips, Athletic Grips, Golf Guy Ropes and Pegs Gymnasium, Home Gymnasium Board, Home Hammers, Athletic Handballs Handle Cover, Rubber Hangers for Indian Clubs Hats, University Head Harness Hea\th Pull Hob Nails Hockey Slicks Hole Cutter, Golf Hole Rim, Golf Horizontal Bars Hurdles, Safety Indoor Base Ball Indian Clubs Inflaters, Foot Ball Inflaters, Striking Bag Jackets, Fencing Jackets, Foot Ball Jackets, Swimming Jerseys Knee Protectors Knickerbockers, Foot Ball Lace, Foot B511 Lanes for Sprints Lawn Bowls Leg Guards, Crifcket Leg Guards, Foot Ball Leg Guards, Hockey Leg Guards, Polo Letters, Embroidered Letters, Woven Lockers, Durand-Steel Mallet, Cricket Markers. Tennis Masks, Base Ball Masks, Fencing Masks, Nose Masseur, Abdominal Mattresses Medicine Balls Megaphones Mitts, Base Ball Mitts, Handball Mitts, Striking Bag Mocassins Mouthpiece, Foot Ball Needle, Lacing Nets, Tennis Net, Volley Ball 1 Numbers, Competitors Pad, Chamois, Fencing Pads, Foot Ball Paint, Golf Pants, Base Ball Pants, Basket Ball Pants, Boys' Knee Pants, Foot Ball Pants, Hockey Pants, Roller Polo Pants, Running Pistol, Starter's Plastrons, Fencing Plates, Base Ball Shoe Plates, Home Plates, Marking Plates, Pitchers' Box Plates, Teeing Platforms, Striking Bag Poles, Ski Poles, Vaulting Polo, Roller, Goods Protector, Abdomen Protector, Elbow Protector, Polo Protection for Running Shoes Pucks, Hockey Push Ball Pushers, Chamois Puttees, Golf Quantity Prices Quoits Racket Covers Rackets, Lawn Tennis Racket Presses Rackets Restrung Rapiers Reels for Tennis Posts Referees' Horns Referees' Whistle Rings, Exercising Rings, Swinging Rowing Machines Roque Scabbards ibr Skates Score Board, Golf Score Books, Base Ball Score Books, Basket Ball Score Books, Cricket Score Books, GolL Score Books, Tennis Scoring Tablets, Base Ball Seven-Foot Circle Shin Guards, Association Shin Guards, Rugby Shitv,Guards, Hockey Shin Guards, Polo Shirts, Base Ball Shirts, Basket Ball Shirts, Sleeveless Shoes, Base Ball Shoes, Basket Ball Shoes, Bowling Shoes, Cross Country Shoes, Cricket Shoes, Fencing Shoes, Foot Ball, Association Shoes, Foot Ball, Rugby Shoes, Golf Shoes, Gymnasium Shoes, Jumping Shoes, Running Shoes, Skating Shoes, Squash Shoes, Tennis Shot, Indoor Shot, Massage Skate Bags Skates, Hockey Skate Holders Skates, Ice Skates, Racing Skates, Rink, Ice Skate Rollers Skates, Roller Skates, Tubular Skate Straps Skis Sleeve Bands, College Slippers, Bathing Snow Shoes Squash Goods Standards, Vaulting Standards, Volley Ball Starters' Pistol Steel Cable Sticks, Polo Stockings Stop Boards Striking Bags Studs, Golf Stumps and Bails Suits, Union, Foot Ball Supporters Supporters, Ankle Supporters, Wrist Suspensories Sweaters Swimming Suits Swivel Striking Bags Swords, Fencing Swords, Duelling Tackling Machine Take oflf Board Tapes, Adhesive Tapes, Marking Tapes, Measuring Tees, Golf Tennis Posts Tether Tennis Tights Toboggans Toboggan Cushions Toboggan Toe Caps Toe Boards Toques Trapeze, Adjustable Trapeze, Single Trousers, Y. M. C. A, Trunks, Bathing Trunks, Velvet Trunks, Worsted Umpire Indicator Uniforms, Base Ball Varnish for Gut Volley Balls Water Polo Ball Wands, Calisthenic Watches, Stop Water Wings Weights, 56-lb. . t Whistles, Referees* / Whitely Exerciser // Wrist Machine If WOV 4 1909 Standard Policy A Standard Quality must be inseparably linked to a Standard Policy. Without a definite and Standard Mercantile Policy, it is impossible for a manufacturer to long maintain a Standard Quality. To market his goods through the jobber, a manufacturer must provide a profit for the jobber as well as the retail dealer. To meet these conditions of Dual Profits, the manufacturer is obliged to set a proportionately high list price on his goods to the consumer. To enable the glib salesman, when booking his orders, to figure out attractive profits to both the jobber and retailer, these high list prices are absolutely essential; but their real purpose will have been served when the manufacturer has secured his order from the jobber, and the jobber has secured his order from the retailer. However, these deceptive high list prices are not fair to the consumer, who does not, and, in reality, is not ever expected to pay these fancy list prices. When the season opens for the sale of such goods, with their misleading but alluring high list prices, the retailer begins to realize his responsibilities, and grapples with the situation as best he can, by offering "special discounts," which vary with local trade conditions. Under this system of merchandising, the profits to both the manufacturer and the jobber are assured; but as there is no stability maintained in the prices to the consumer, the keen competition amongst the local dealers invariably leads to a demoralized cutting of prices by which the profits of the retailer are practically eliminated. This demoralization always reacts on the manufacturer. The jobber insists on lower, and still lower, prices. The manufacturer in his turn, meets this demand for the lowering of prices by the only way open to him, viz. : the cheapening and degrading of the quahty of his product. The foregoing conditions became so intolerable that, ten years ago, in 1899, A. G. Spalding & Bros, determined to rectify this demoralization in the Athletic Goods Trade, and inaugurated what has since become known as "The Spalding Policy." The "Spalding Policy" eliminates the jobber entirely, so far as Spalding Goods are concerned, and the retail dealer secures his supply of Spalding Athletic Goods direct from the manufacturer under a restricted retail price arrangement by which the retail dealer is assured a fair, legitimate and certain profit on all Spalding Athletic Goods, and the consumer is assured a Standard Quality and is protected from imposition. The "Spalding Policy" is decidedly for the interest and protection of the users of Athletic Goods, and acts in two ways: First— The user is assured of genuine Official Standard Athletic Goods, and the same fixed prices to everybody Second— As manufacturers, we can proceed with confidence in purchasing at the proper time, the very best raw materials required in the manufacture of our various goods, well ahead of their respective seasons, and this enables us to provide the necessary quantity and absolutely maintain the Spalding Standard of Quality. All retail dealers handling Spalding Athletic Goods are required to supply consumers at our regular printed catalogue prices— neither more nor less— the same prices that similar goods are sold for in our New York, Chicago and other stores. All Spalding dealers, as well as users of Spalding Athletic Goods, are treated exactly alike, and n^^ special rebates or discriminations are allowed to anyone. Positively, nobody; not even officers, managers, salesmen or other employes of A. G. Spalding & Bros., or any of their relatives or personal friends, can buy Spalding Athletic Goods at a discount from the regular catalogue prices. This, briefly, is the "Spalding Policy," which has already been in successful operation for the past ten years, and will be indefinitely continued. In other words, " The Spalding Policy " is a "square deal " for everybody. A. G. SPALDING & BROS. PEESIDENT. ^— ^ NOV nmm standard Quality An article that is universally given the appellation "Standard" is thereby conceded to be the Criterion, to which are compared all other things of a similar nature. For instance, the Gold Dollar of the United States is the Standard unit of currency, because it must legally contain a specific proportion of pure gold, and the fact of its being Genuine is guaranteed by the Government Stamp thereon. As a protection to the users of this currency against counterfeiting and other tricks, considerable money is expended in maintaining a Secret Service Bureau of Experts. Under the law, citizen manufacturers must depend to a great extent upon Trade-Marks and similar devices to protect themselves against counterfeit products— without the aid of "Government Detectives " or " PubHc Opinion" to assist them. Consequently the "Consumer's Protection " against misrepresentation and "in- ferior quality" rests entirely upon the integrity and responsibility of the * 'Manufacturer." A. G. Spalding & Bros, have, by their rigorous attention to "Quality," for thirty- three years, caused their Trade-Mark to become known throughout the world as a Guarantee of Quality as dependable in their field as the U. S. Currency is in its field. The necessity of upholding the guarantee of the Spalding Trade-Mark and main- taining the Standard Quality of their Athletic Goods, is, therefore, as obvious as is the necessity of the Government in maintaining a Standard Currency. Thus each consumer is not only insuring himself but also protecting other con- sumers when he assists a Reliable Manufacturer in upholding his Trade-Mark and all that it stands for. Therefore, we urge all users of our Athletic Goods to assist us in maintaining the Spalding Standard of Excellence, by insisting that our Trade-Mark be plainly stamped on all athletic goods which they buy, because without this precaution our best efforts towards maintaining Standard Quality and preventing fraudulent substitution will be ineffectual. Manufacturers of Standard Articles invariably suffer the reputation of being high-priced, and this sentiment is fostered and emphasized by makers of " inferior goods," with whom low prices are the main consideration. A manufacturer of recognized Standard Goods, with a reputation to uphold and a guarantee to protect, must necessarily have higher prices than a manufacturer of cheap goods, whose idea of and basis for a claim for Standard Quality depends principally upon the eloquence of the salesman. We know from experience that there is no quicksand more imstable than poverty in quality— and we avoid this quicksand by Stand£u^ Quality. ^^X?^^^:.^^^^/^!^^-^ ATHI/ETIC LIBRARY ^^■aJ' A separate book covers every Athletic Spa: and is Official and Standard ; Price 10 cents each GRAND PRIZE GRAND PR] ST. LOUIS, 1904 Spalding PARIS. 19C ATHLETIC GOODS i ARE THE STANDARD OF THE "W^OR^ A. G. Spalding © Bros . MAINTAIN WHOLESALE and RETAIL STORES in t^/Ve FOLLOWING CITIE NEW YORK CHICAGO PHILADELPHIA ST. LOUIS Tine TOM KANSAS CITY NEW YORK CHICA PHILADELPHIA ST.L BOSTON KA BALTIMORE ^ WASHINGTON PITTSiBURG BUFFALO SYRACUSE NEW ORLEANS ATLANTA LONDON, ENGLAND EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA Factories owned and operas "radcAfarked Athletic Goo, MINNEAPOLIS SAN FRANCISCO CINCINNATI DENVER DETROIT LEANS CLEVELAND TA SEATTLE i COLUMBU ST. PAL MONTREAL. CANAC V.C.Spaldiny & Bros, and where ollofSpaldin made are located in the following cities IKBW VORK BROOKLYN CHICAGO BOSTONl^ SAN FRANCISCO PHILADELPHIA CHICOPEE.MAS LONDON* BNO; # 6 I.6Z 006 900 ^-^ SS3d9NO0 dO AdVdgn c^^^^r-t: X '^ ../ ^*- ir^o i?v^'1 tj^"'v.'- w^^s^m JB* f^ r*'\ ^« ■ '^'^^N^ V\ f' fJ{-i/7^f- •*.y^ l^f^ '/ . >^ >-mb *i>* K^^ ^>^^l:^^^>-^^i^ ^ i