Crass Book COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT ^ei£hampel'£ Baltimore < 1800 Laurens. 1700 Wilson. 1000 McMechen. a 1500 Mosher. 01 •H 1400 Townsend. 1300 Lanvale. h3 1200 Doiphin. 1100 Hoffman. 1000 Preston. 900 Biddle. 1700 Lanvale. 1600 Federal. 1500 Oliver. 1400 Hoffman. 1300 Preston. 1200 Biddle. 1100 Chase. 1000 Eager. 900 Read. 800 Madison. 700 Monument. 600 Center. Hamilton. 500 Franklin. 400 Mulberry. Pleasant. 300 Saratoga. Barnet. 200 Lexington. 100 Fayette. Bank Lane. 1900 North Ave. ! 1800 Townsend. 1700 Lanvale. 1600 Federal. 1500 Oliver. 11400 Hoffman. 1300 Preston. .1200 Biddle. 1100 Chase. ,1000 Eager. Barnes Abbot. 600 Chew. , 800 Madison. Milliman. 1 700 Monument. 600 McElderry- 500 Jefferson. 400 Orleans. 300 Mullikin. 200 Fayette. 100 Fairmount A. West Baltimore St._^ &T East Baltimore St. Frederick Av Holhns. 100 Lombard. 200 Pratt. 300 McHenry. 400 Ramsey. 500 WilkensAv, 600 Cole. 700 Eagle. 100 Lombard. 200 Pratt. 300 McHenry. 400 Ramsey. 500 ColumbiaAv. 600 Paca. 700 Ridgely. 800 Barre. 900 Lee. 1000 Hamburg. 1100 Cross. 1200 West. 1300 Stockholm. 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 M00O 'illOO en l-jno 1300 1100 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 Lombard. Pratt. Camden. Conway. Barre. Lee Hill. Montgomery Henrietta. Hamburg. Cross. West. Ostend. Clement. Fort Av o. Randail. Heath. Barney. Wells. te i 100 Lombard. <-'m 200 Pratt. 300 Gough. 400 Banks. 500 Eastern Ave 600 Canton Ave 8 S3 700 Aiieeanna. 800 Lancaster. 'H 900 Thames. 4 Basin. • 1100 Nieholson. fi 1200 Cuba. l'WO Bea«on 1400 Clement, EXPLANATION.— Baltimore Street divides the City into North and South. Vv'e give four of the leading Streets crossing it in different sections, ot show thrs general plan. Going North or going South, every cross Mreet counts from Baltimore Street. Thus, No. 500 means five squares from Bal- timore Street, and so on. lipSee third page of cover for Streets running North and South. MONUMENTAL CTT YJ For an accurate and handsome delineation of the plan of the City, with all the streets, parks and public places distinctly marked, get WeishampeTs New Pocket Map of Baltimore, at any bookstore ; price 25 cts m 2t WASHINGTON MONUMENT. WEISHAMPEL'S BALTIMORE GUIDE. THE p,mp iq Baftiip'e: A NEW HAND BOOK, Containing a General Description of Baltimore City arid its Notable Localities, with other Information, Useful to both Strangers and Citizens. "Then Commerce brought into the public walk The busy merchant ; the big warehouse built ; Raised the strong crane ; choked up the loaded street With foreigh plenty. On either hand, Like a long wintry forest, groves of masts Shot up their spires, the bellying sheet between Possessed the breezy void ; the sooty hulk Steered sluggish on ; the splendid barge along Rowed regular, to harmony; W hile deep the various voice of fervent toil -^-rrve From bank to bank increased." -Thompson. FLC 2 1888 COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY John F. Weigh&mpel, printer 1 and Boo^ellei 1 , NO. 6 N. GREENE STREET. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1866, by John F. Wetshampel, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the District of Maryland. Second Edition, 1869. Third Edition, 1872. Fourth Edition, 187*, Fifth Edition, 1876. Sixth Edition, 1885. Seventh New and Revised Edition. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1888, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress- f & ■ > CONTENTS. Early History of Baltimore 9 General Description of the City 15 N anes and Trades 22 flarbor and Shipping 24 Increase of Population 24 Oistances by Water 26 The Water Works 26 Parks and other Public Resorts 33 Monuments 43 Churches 55 Cemeteries .# 72 Humane Institutions 75 Miscellaneous Institutions and Societies 85 City Hall 92 Literature and Newspapers 95 Markets 97 Theatres 97 Hotels 99 PUBLISHERS PREFACE. A CITY is always interesting. While some may decry its crowded thoroughfares and haunts of traffic and pleasure, contrasting them unfavorably with the fertile fields and forest shades of the country, the most of men will ever seek the city for thegreater concentrated attractions of labor, of mind, of busi- ness, of humanity. The country may be lauded for its natural beauties, lor its unsophisticated manners and freedom from enor- mous vices, as if to lay upon city-life a greater aggregation of folly and crime. But there is danger of misapprehension from this view. There is not a rural district anywhere free from vice ; indeed, in many cases the villager exceeds the citizen in excesses of every grade. In many small towns, as well as less settled neighborhoods, the vices of man's nature are exhibited unblush- ingly and without fear of restraint, for the executors of the civil law are too weak to repress any disorders of the least magnitude. The thinness of population, however, causes this fact to be over- looked, and consequently the great cities are generally denounced as disproportionally criminal. The fact is, that many of the worst class, already graduated in villany, assemble from the coun- try to practice their nefarious employments in the city. With this exception, the proportion is not unfavorable. It is forgotten that, while a great amount of wickedness may pervade a large town, there is also a much more powerful influence exerted for law, for intelligence and morality, than could be obtained in any rural locality. The city has ever been the centre from which have radiated the wonderful achievements of religion, of human- ity and art. The names of Jerusalem, Rome, Constantinople, London, call to our view Religions that have swayed the world # While the histories of the cities of European and Asiatic king- doms have been written in blood and folly, they have also marked the fact that civilization has been fostered within their walls, which would otherwise have been lost among people purely pas- torial or nomadic. Art, science, law, refinement, have all been gathered there to perpetuate the greatest efforts of man, to estab- lish his highest genius in the eyes of future generations, to au- 8 WeiskampeV s Baltimore Guide. thorize order and government, to increase the welfare of the whole human race. It is from our modern cities, for example, that religion and moral reform have received their greatest en- couragement, in the shape of charitable, educational and humane institutions, of societies for the diffusion of the gospel, and of every approved enterprise in state and church. These facts ren- der the city doubly interesting to the moral observer as well as to the mere curioso. In both, what astonishment and speculation do the lights and shadows of city-life excite ! Every tongue and class of people, jostling along the crowded streets, every form and variety of youth and age, every device of trade and pleasure, every ingenuity of mechanism, every means of commerce, exist- ing together in a harmony of confusion, amid a deafening din and bustle, with an absorbing haste and earnestness, with splendor and squalor mingled, with the extremest show of penury and unlimited extravagance! But we must now direct our attention especially to the City of Baltimore, which, though less ostentatious than some others in our country, is held in the highest estimation by tourists from all parts of the world, for its situation, climate and hospitality, and grows dearer every year to its inhabitants in recollections and at- tachments, in sources of happiness and promise of increased pros- perity. The above remarks comprised the introduction to this work when first issued in 1866. Since then, the Guide has passed through several editions, and has been a source of satisfacti* many tourists, as well as a reservoir of facts for the corres dents of many periodicals. We would thank the latter tc us credit hereafter for any items they may use in their descri letters. The present edition is an entirely fresh one, witl criptive matter to date of issue. In remembrance of a life-long friendship, and especially ( first compensation for literary composition when a youth, a] so in recognition of his energy, perseverance and success as neer in the great modern business of popular literature, this ( is respectfully INSCRIBED TO HENRY TAYLOR, OF BALTIMORE. FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. J^AFfLY Jil^TORY LANDING AT ST. MARY S. ECILTUS CALVERT, the second Lord Bal- timore, became Proprietary of Maryland under a charter from Charles L, of England, in 1632, who named it "Maryland," in honor of his wife Henrietta Maria. In 1634, Lord Baltimore aided two 'hundred emigrants to colonize at the mouth of the Potomac river, on a tract which they named St. Mary's. From 1649 to 1658 this and adjacent settlements were under the control of authorities acting in favor of Oliver Cromwell and his son Richard; but in 1662, on the ac- cession of Charles II., Lord Baltimore resumed his full powers, and appointed Philip Calvert, his brother, Gov- ernor. At this date, the territory was almost entirely a wilderness, occupied by Indians. 10 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. In 1662, Mr. Thomas Gorsuch patented fifty acres of ground on Whetstone Point, upon the extreme end of which Fort McHenry is now located. This was the first land patented within the present limits of the city. The "purchase money" was at the rate of four shillings, the "quit rent" four shillings a year, and "alienations" four shillings per hundred acres, payable in specie or tobacco. In 1663, Mr. Charles Mountenay took up two hundred acres on each side of Harford Run. In 1668, Mr. John Howard patented the land lying between the heads of the middle and north branches of the Patapsco. The same year Thomas Cole took five hundred and fifty acres more, extending from Mountenay's ground across the north side of the river one mile, and northwardly from the river about half a mile, calling the tract Cole's Harbor. In 1682, this property was purchased by a Mr. David Jones, who gave hisname to the stream running through it, and who is believed to have been the first actual settler on the site of the future city. He built a house on the north side of the stream, (Jones' Falls,) near its junction with tide water. Shortly afterward, a Mr. John Hurst became possessed of the land, and built a house, which he used as an inn, near Mr. Jones' residence. In 1711, Mr. Jona- than Hanson built a mill near the present corner of Bath and Holliday streets, which was standing in 1825. In 1726, Mr. Edward Fell settled on the east side of the Falls. There were then but two dwelling-houses, a mill, and several out-houses, in existence at this place. As years progressed, other settlers located in this neigh- borhood, and in 1723 there were five ships in the Patapsco at North Point, freighting for London. As trade in- creased, the head of tide seemed preferable for the situa- tion of a town, and application was made to Mr. John Moale, who owned the land between the middle and the Weishampel's Baltimore Guide. 11 south branches of the Patapsco, to lay out lots for houses on his property, but be refused permission. Excluded thus from the level land, the petitioners were compelled to select a site under the hills and along the marshes of the northwestern branch. In 1729, an act of Assembly was passed for "erecting a town on the north side of the Patapsco, in Baltimore County." BOUNDARY PRESCRIBED IN 1816. In 1730, about 60 acres of land were laid off into lots and called Baltimore, in compliment to the Proprietary, whose title bad been derived from a seaport in Ireland. The line began at the present corner of Pratt and Light streets, and ran north-westerly along Uhler's alley to Sharp street; thence crossed Baltimore street and up McClellan's alley to the corner of St. Paul and Saratoga streets; along Second to the Basin, which then extended to Water street, and thence to the point of starting. 12 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. At that time the bed of the present Falls was much divided, diverging in more than one channel; the whole space from Front street to Calvert, from the Basin back to Franklin street, was low and marshy, and a deep gully also extended down Little Sharp street, through Sharp street and Uhler's alley, to the Basin. "Marsh Market' derives its name from the character of that portion of ground. In 1752, John Moale, son of the former gentleman of that name, sketched a plan or view of the town, which, after corrections by Daniel Bowley, was published about 1820, by Edward J. Coale, and exhibits the state of im- provements west of the Falls, at that time. Including the buildings already noticed, it appears there were about 25 houses, four of which were of brick. The last one of these was Kaminesky's Inn, which was demolished about 1875. It stood on the northwest corner of Grant and Mercer Streets. (See engraving opposite.) As this volume is not intended as a history, but mere- ly a description of our city, we will take no further notice of its past than to say that from time to time additional tracts were added to the city bounds, until in 1816 they were made to extend about four miles square, as shown in the diagram, containing about 10,000 acres of surface. Since 1816 the growth of the city has been rapidly filling up that boundary and extending at several points beyond it, making necessary the further extension of its corpor- ate authority. A table on another page shows the in- crease of population. w^^ms^t --.MTV ) ' liillla GENERAL J)e£CRIPTION lV/fANY and persistent endeavors have been made, through prejudice and rivalry, to defame the char- acter of Baltimore City. Occasionally there has appeared an excuse for just censure in some unforeseen incident, common to all cities, and especially frequent in those whose interest is our loss; but, examined impartially, there is no city of equal magnitude whose record is clearer, whose uniform character is higher. Knowing her pros- perity to be natural and not speculative, she has been content to advance slowly, so as never to retrograde, even after national panics. Gradually adopting sound im- provements, she is developing her advantages as circum- stances may require. Her central location upon the At- lantic seaboard places her in the front commercial rank. She has been styled by travelers as 'the Liverpool of America." The Chesapeake Bay, near which she stands, is a noble sheet of water, about two hundred miles long, and from ten to fifteen wide, absorbing twenty rivers, and forming a coast which is eligible for as many ports and large towns, when the population of our State shall require them. It is deep throughout, and navigable for the largest vessels. It is rarely frozen over sufficiently to impede navigation — perhaps once in twenty years — nor has it a current of such rapidity as to render floating ice dangerous to the smallest craft. Its tributaries, from the Elk to the Pocomoke, on the Eastern Shore, and from the Susquehanna to the Potomac, on the Western Shore, provide for navigation in the interior, as well as 16 WeisUampeVs Baltimore Guide. vast water-power for machinery. Chesapeake Bay is also the roadway to the commerce of the world at large. In respect to the salubrity of its climate, no city in this country is, on the whole, superior. Intense cold for more than a few days of winter is rare; the polar waves break their icy strength before reaching us ; and in the summer, nearly all the other great cities record longer spells of oppressive heat than ours. The system of internal improvements which Maryland has completed gives Baltimore access to the agricultural and mineral treasures of the South and West. The Bal- timore and Ohio Railroad is the great western artery, and its northern extension commands increased facilities to Philadelphia and New York. The Northern Central Railroad unites us to the great Pennsylvania Road and its branches throughout the North. The Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Road is the long established Eastern route. Two lines connect us with Washington City and the South. The Potomac Road traverses the lower counties; the Western Maryland opens up the in- terior counties, passing the magnificent scenery of Pen Mar, and connecting at Hagerstown with other routes. The Maryland Central (narrow gnage) leads northeast- wardly through the State. Another Road runs through the lower counties, to Dfum Point. Baltimore City is situated on the north side of an arm of the Patapsco River, fourteen miles from where it emp- ties into Chesapeake Bay ; 204 miles from the Atlantic by ship-channel ; in longitude 39° 17' 23" N., and 24' E. from Washington, 39 miles from Washington, 97 from Philadelphia, 184 from New York, and 420 from Boston. The location is on undulating ground, and some of the elevations command fine views. The best water-front scene is to be had from Federal Hill Park ; the various heights around the City afford other extensive views, and WeisliampeVs Baltimore Guide. 17 from the summit of Washington Monument a central bird's-eye observation maybe taken. The original corporate limits of Baltimore are com- prised in a space of about sixteen square miles, bounded on the south by the Patapsco River, which indents it considerably, and on the east, north and west, by avenues. The City is not built up on all the territory here specified, but at several points extends beyond it. North Avenue is graded for three miles, is one hundred feet wide, and is becoming a place of fine residences. The streets in the oldest parts of Baltimore were not laid out regularly, and were built up before the place grew into importance. Since 1818, however, all streets have been extended at right angles as far as practicable, so that the greater part of the City is laid out regularly, with a proper width of streets and well paved. There are about 80,000 houses erected, almost all of brick. The Passenger Railways afford rapid access to all parts of the city and neighbor- ing settlements, Calverton, Catonsville, Hampden, Wood- berry, Govanstown, Towson, &c. Jones' Falls, a small stream rising about twenty miles northward, divides the City into East and West. Sub- stantial iron bridges are thrown over this stream, which is sometimes as turbulent as "the troubled Tiber, chafing with its shores." On two noteworthy occasions, great overflows took place. In 1837, at midnight, a flood de- stroyed much property and twenty-five lives; July 24, 1868, a rise swept off several bridges and houses, inun- dating many streets, reaching to the new City Hall, and drowning several persons. A stone on the Maryland Institute commemorates this flood. The stream is now straightened, and massive walls have been erected to render it less dangerous. That part of the City east of the Falls is popularly called "Old Town," the south-east end is "Fell's Point," and adjoining, still further east, is "Canton," 18 WeisliampeVs Baltimore Guide. The principal streets extending east and west are Pratt, Lombard, Baltimore, Fayette, Lexington, Franklin, Mon- ument, Madison and Biddle, besides about fifty others, some not so long or straight in their course. The principal streets crossing them north to south are Washington, Wolfe, Broadway, Bond, Central Avenue, High, Gay, Holiday, North, South, Calvert, St. Paul, Charles, Hanover, Howard, Eutaw, Paca, Greene, Fre- mont, Carrollton, Carey, Gilmor, Fulton, and over fifty others of unequal length and diverging lines. Since 1860, a marked change has taken place in the life, vim, traffic, trades, architecture, warehouses, stores, wharves, street-travel and general city activities. In its wealth, commerce, parks, railroads, public places, resi- dences, church edifices, and extraordinary facilities as a good seaport, this City is acquiring a wide reputation, and attracting the attention of great capitalists and com- mercial companies. The chief heavy business firms are found on and south of Baltimore street, between Paca street and the Falls, extending along the water's edge to Canton. There are many streets lined with retail stores and shops, for the sale of every species of goods and provisions. W T est Bal- timore, Eutaw, Howard, Lexington, Charles and Gay streets and Broadway are great thoroughfares for shop- pers. Many dwellings are connected with places of bus- iness ; but the greater part of the city outside of the streets here mentioned is devoted to private residences. There are numerous blocks of palatial homes, built of beautiful Baltimore-made brick, and Maryland marble, and granite. Charles street, St. Paul street, Madison Avenue, Eutaw Place, Harlem Park, Calvert street, and many other localities, are worthy of special description, had we space. The neat appearance of the average brick dwellings stretching for miles along the streets is a sub^ WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 19 ject of comment to many visitors. Baltimore is a city of homes, of cleanly streets, moderate rents, cheap markets, and unpretentious gentility. Many of our wealthy citi- zens have handsome country seats and productive farms within a few miles. Exchange Place, on Lombard street, is the focus of the heaviest business. Here are the Merchants' Exchange, Custom House and Post Office. Near it are South, Ger- man and Second streets, occupied principally by bankers, brokers, insurance companies, &c. Baltimore, Lexington, and Charles streets are the leading retail business thor- oughfares and the promenade of beauty and fashion. Here the visitor may determine for himself the comparative beauty of Baltimore women. Extensive wholesale warehouses are located on Sharp, Hanover, Liberty, Howard, German and Charles streets. Flour, grain and provision warehouses are found chiefly upon Howard, North and Pratt streets, and also on the wharves; ship-building at Fell's Point and below Fed- eral Hill ; coal-shipping at Locust Point. The B. & 0. Kailroad terminus, the Grain Elevators, the Dry Dock and Fort McHenry adjoin each other. On the opposite side of the Basin at Canton, are other grain elevators, depots of several railroads, iron foundries, machine shops, factories, fruit and oyster canning houses, lumber yards, saw-mills, and other industrial pursuits, extending up into the City along the Basin and Jones' Falls, until they connect with the great railroad improvements along that stream, reaching from Hill en street to Druid Hill Park. Gas is conveniently supplied at a low price, and the streets and wharves are abundantly lighted at night by both gas and electricity. The population of Baltimore has frequently doubled in twenty years, and is now over 400,000. The taxable property is estimated at about $244,000,000. 20 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. In the commodities of Flour and Grain, Baltimore is prominent. About 1,400,000 barrels of Wheat Flour and proportionate quantities of Rye Flour and Corn Meal are annually inspected here. We give only actual figures in this statement, taken from commercial registers. In one year as high as 36,538,473 bushels of Wheat and 16,01,254 bushels of Corn have been received in this city, mostly for export. Coal is brought here in large quan- tities from Pennsylvania, Maryland and West Virginia. Tobacco to the average amount of 50,000 hogsheads is annually sold here. The provision trade is of great im- portance. The annual arrival of live stock is averaged at 140,000 horned cattle, 360,000 hogs and 240,000 sheep. Coffee, Sugar and Molasses are imported in great bulk. An immense trade is done in Lumber, Tin, Fruit, Cotton, Guano, Iron, Leather, Tar, &c. As much as 23,000,000 gallons of Petroleum, 27,000,000 pounds of Lard, and 21,000,000 pounds of Bacon, have been exported in one year. The general wholesale jobbing trade of our mer- chants amounts to over $500,000,000 annually. There are numerous Cotton Mills in and near the City, which use from 50,000 to 70,000 bales annually. Wool is also manufactured. The Flour Mills are numerous Whiskey distilleries and Beer breweries are unfortunately also numerous and profitable, as in all our large cities. Brick manufacture is also carried on extensively— our City having a reputation for the finest quality in the country The Iron Foundries are extensive, and manu- facture materials for railroads, bridges and other con- structions throughout the world. The Hide and Leather trade and the Shoe manufacturing business are both large and fast increasing. Our Piano Forte manufactories are famous for fine work. There are eighty Oyster and Fruit packing houses, giving employment to a vast number of persons and expending millions of dollars. About WeishaiupeV s Baltimore Guide. 21 16,000,000 bushels of Oysters are brought here annually. Our oyster-house cookery is famous. Our Tobacco and Cigar manufactories are plentiful, employing thousands of hands. The Book Printing and Publishing business is not as extensive as in northern cities, but is increasing every year ; there is a vast amount of Job Printing done. In addition to these, are manufactories of Hats, Caps, Boots, Shoes, Drugs, Chemicals, Silverware, Marbleware, Agricultural Implements, Glassware, Hardware, Fertil- izers, Furniture, &c, which we have not the space to enumerate in so general a description ; but these will suffice to indicate to visitors the points of prominence, which they can verify by their own observation. The government of the City is generally in able hands and its Police system and Fire Department are among the most efficient in the country. Our places of public amusement are sufficiently numerous, including theaters, opera houses, concert halls, lecture rooms, skating rinks, a natatorium, &c. Our monuments, parks, churches, mar- kets and other public resorts will be described separately. Baltimore has a large number of elegant and substan- tial Public School buildings, fitted up with appliances for healthful study and covering in their scope the whole range of rudimentary and classical education. In 1828, the "Canton Company" was incorporated, having for its capital 10,000 acres of land, adjoining the deep water of the harbor. Within a few years, that vicin- ity has become the terminus of several railroads and the location of depots, grain elevators, c:al and transportation piers, iron furnaces, rolling mills, chemical works, oil and sugar refineries, brick yards, breweries, oyster and fruit packing establishments, and thousands of dwelling houses, supplied with water and gas. Like other parts of this well-located city, the ground here rises gradually from tide water, and presents miles of eligible situations 22 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide, for private residences, public edifices, parks, and other metropolitan characteristics. The low price at which an unlimited extent of eligible building lots may be bought and leased, gives all the outlying parts of this city a de- sirable advantage over the many restricted territories of great cities elsewhere. As an item of interest, we append the following list containing the number of persons of each name residing in Baltimore, indicating the cause of frequent difficulty in finding individuals in large cities: 275 Adams. 1100 Jones. 420 Shafer. 210 Allen. 700 Kelly. 500 Schmidt. 350 Anderson. 420 King. 350 Scott. 400 Baker. 350 Lee. 2250 Smith. 220 Bell. 280 Lewis. 400 Stewart. 150 Bennett. 5200 Mc. 200 Sullivan. 80 Bond. 400 Martin. 700 Taylor. 175 Boyd. 1150 Miller. 700 Thomas. 360 Brooks. 400 Mitchell. 600 Thompson 1475 Brown. 400 Moore. 200 Turner. 250 Burns. 425 Murphy. 350 Wagner. 200 Butler. 300 Murray. 280 Walker. 240 Campbell. 400 Myers. 200 Ward. 50 Clark or Cla rke. 80 Parker. 210 Warner. 420 Cook. 204 Patterson. 150 Waters. 500 Davis. 200 Phillips 150 Watkins. 200 Evans. 200 Price. 150 Weaver. 200 Gray. 400 Read, Reed ,Reid 150 Webb. 420 Green. 100 Reynolds. 500 White. 480 Hall. 180 Richardson. 900 Williams. 360 Harris. 150 Keiley or Riley. 800 Wilson. 200 Hughes. 450 Robinson. 400 Wright. 420 Jackson. 150 Ross. 400 Young. 1400 Johnson. 150 Russell. 800 Z. The following list approximates the number of places in the city devoted to the most important trades and occupations. Besides those given here, there are others, WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 23 used for every variety of manufacture and barter. Many houses employ five, ten, fifty or a hundred hands, and it would therefore be difficult to state the number of indi- viduals engaged in all these pursuits. Fertilizers. Glass Manufactories. Gloves and Hosiery. Grocers (Wholes le.) Grocers (Retail.) Guano Depots. Gun Makers and Dealers. Hardware. Hats and Caps. Hide and Leather. Hotels. Importers. Instrument Makers. Insurance Agencies. Iron and Steel Dealers. Iron Foundries. Iron Furnaces. Jewelers and Silversmiths, Lamps and Oil. Liquors (Wholesale) Liquor (Retail.) Livery Stables. Lumber Merchants. Machinery. Marble Work. Merchant Tailors. Newspapers. Notion Houses( Wholesale.) Packers of Fruit, &c. Paper Hangings. Painters (House and Sign.) Paints and Oils. Paper (Wholesale.) Photographers. Physicians. Piano Factories. Printing Offices. Plumbers. Potteries. Saddlers. Ship Builders. Soap and Candle Manuf. Saw and Planing Mills. Shipsmiths, &c. Shipping Merchants, 18 Agricultural Implements. 80 125 Apothecaries & Chemists. 6 28 Architects & Civil Engineer; . 50 31 Artists. 100 370 Attorneys at Law. 1200 13 Auctioneers. 23 35 Bakeries. 17 25 Banks. 100 2 Bell Foundries. 100 70 Blacksmiths, Wheelw r right. 32 20 Block and Pump Makers. 60 10 Boat Builders. 240 14 Book Binders. 8 150 Books and Stationery. 130 10 Brass Founders. 36 20 Basket & Wooden Ware. 20 34 Breweries. 5 49 Brick-makers. 200 150 Brokers (Stock & Merch.) 32 GOO Butchers. 150 30 Butter Dealers (Wholesale.) )700 120 Cabinet Ware. 90 200 Carpenters and Builders. 65 50 Carriage Makers. 70 25 Carvers. 35 35 Cattle Dealers. 150 50 Cotton Factors or dealers. 30 40 China-w T are. 75 150 Clothing Houses. 85 15 Cloths and Cassimeres. 70 250 Coal-dealers. 75 (500 Commission Houses. 45 22 Confectioners (Wholesale.) 20 35 Coopers. 50 10 Coppersmith's Works. 650 150 Dentists. 17 30 Druggists(Wholesale.) 100 125 Dry -Goods (Retail.) 160 70 Dry-Goods (Wholesale.) 9 25 Engraving 80 50 Fancy Goods (Wholesale.) 15 60 Florists. i 14 150 Flour and Feed. 1 18 5 Flour Mills. 1 30 15Q Furniture Dealers. 1 65 24 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 250 Shoe Stores(Retail.) | 350 Tailors. 50 Shoe Houses( Wholesale.) I 600 Tobacco and Cigars. 500 Shoe-making and Selling. J 4 Type Foundries. 41 Steamship Lines. 23 Tanneries. 100 Stove Stores. I 60 Wood-dealers, &c, &c. INCREASE OF POPULATION. Year. Population. 1752 - 200 1775 5,934 1790...- 13,503 1800— (Doubled in ten years) 26,514 1810 - 35,583 1820— (More than doubled in twenty years) 62,738 1830 80,625 1840-(Nearly doubled in twenty years) 102,313 1850 169,054 I860— (More than doubled in twenty years) 217,000 1870 f • 278,000 1880— (Exclusive of suburbs) 332,000 1886— (Including suburbs, est.) 400,000 1890— (Estimated) 450,000 HARBOR AND SHIPPING. Our Harbor is about three miles long, varying from a half to three fourths of a mile in width, with a shore line of over seven miles, largely indented with wharves which afford an actual water frontage, builtup with ware- houses, of about twenty-four miles. The Harbor consists of an inner Basin admitting light craft quite into the city, and an outer Bay which can float the largest vessels. Fort McHenry commands the entrance. Fort Carroll, not yet completed, stands in mid channel six miles below. One of the most important adjuncts of a great com- mercial city is its shipping. Baltimore has increased notably in its foreign and domestic commerce, Several WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 25 great Railroads have made this their terminus for ocean freight, and opened facilities unsurpassed on the Atlan- tic coast for transportation of products from home abroad, or from foreign lands to every portion of our country. There are several lines of steamships running weekly to various ports of Europe, and about twenty-five lines of coast steamers to every landing in the Chesapeake Bay, the rivers adjacent and all the Atlantic ports. About sixteen hundred sailing vessels annually arrive and clear for foreign ports. The smaller sailing craft are propor- tionably numerous, and carry on an immense domestic trade in oysters, fish, wood, fruit, &c, &c. The principal imports from foreign lands are annually about 500,000 bags of coffee ; 150,000 boxes of oranges, raisins, figs, &c. ; 20,000 tierces of molasses; 350,000 sacks of salt ; 250,000 boxes of tin ; 10,000 tons of iron ; 50,000 hides; 10,000 tons of guano; besides large quantities of numerous other commodities. Our exports are chiefly grain, flour, coal, petroleum, pork, cotton, lumber, tobac- co, with in fact all the productions of our soil and labor. The annual average value of our imports is $20,000,000, and of exports $46,000,000. The Basin has sufficient depth of water for steamboats and small craft, along Pratt and Light streets, but deep- ens beyond to admit the largest tonnage vessels. From South street wharf to Canton on the east side, and from Federal Hill to Fort McHenry on the west side of our harbor are the landings of the larger vessels, foreign steam- ships, &c. On Locust Point are located two covered piers for Liverpool and Bremen steamers, three elevators for transhipment of grain, numerous coal wharves, and the Dry Dock. As Locust Point is the Maryland terminus of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, so Canton is the sea terminus of the Northern Central, Western Maryland, Baltimore & Potomac, and Philadelphia, Wilmington & 26 WeisUampets Baltimore Guide. Baltimore Railroads. With all the necessary facilities, wharves, elevators and machinery, Canton is an important shipping point. The interior South, the great West, and even Chicago and the cities on the northern lakes find this by railway their nearest Atlantic port. The following givesthe distance in miles by water from Baltimore to the principal foreign ports: To Bremen 3,575, London 3,225, Havre 3,148, Amster- dam 3,510, Canton 10,600, Java 13,000, Bordeaux 3,310, Bombay 11,574, Constantinople 5,140, Havana 1,280, Hong Kong 6,488, Lima 11,300, Nagasaki 9,800, Rio Janeiro 5,920, Honolula 7,157, Liverpool 3,023, Australia 13,294. Steamboat Excursions take place almost hourly during the Summer season to various pleasure resorts along the Bay and to distant cities. The point of departure is usually from the Light street wharves. For particulars see the daily papers. Distances by water are as follows, to the landings and resorts along Chesapeake Bay. Miles. Miles. Seven Foot Knoll 14' Miles Landing- 55 Gunpowder Creek 22 Choptank River Light House. . . 57 Mouth of Magothy Hiver 22 Oxford 59 Pool's Island Light House 24 Castlehavcn Choptank River — 65 Tolchester 25 Easton Landing 67 Sandy Point Light House. 25 Cove Point Light House fi9 Mouth of Bush River 27 Cambridge 70 Annapolis 32 Church's Creek Landing- 73 Ray Ridsre 35 Drum Point Patuxent River — 76 Thomas' Point Light House 33 " Howell's Point ■••■ 34 Kent Point.. 38 Mouth Cox's Creek West River. 40 Turkey Point Light House 41 Havre de Grace 48 » air Haven 48 St. Michael 50 Charleston 50 Chestertown 52 Port Deposit 52 Sharp's Island Light House 53 Mouth Chesap. and Del. Canal.. 54 Plum Point Landing- 55 Cabin Creek Choptank River — 70 Hunting Creek Choptank River. 81 Point Lookout Light House 95 Clay Island Light House 98 Solomon's Lamp Light House... 101 Smith's Point Light House 105 Crisfleld, via Ridge's Strait 115 Watt's Island Light House 127 Pongoteague Landing 129 Windmil I Point Light House .... [29 Onancock Landing 134 Wolf trap Light House 141 New Ft. Comfort Light House. .151 Eastville Landing i56 tyeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 27 The arrangements for furnishing Baltimore with pure water are very extensive and calculated to suffice for many years to come, and for a population of over a million. The supply is derived from Jones' Falls and Gunpow- der River. There are four reservoirs connected with the Jones' Falls supply, holding 535,000,000 gallons, and two reservoirs connected with the Gunpowder supply, storing 765,000,000 gallons, making the entire storage capacity, when full, 1,300,000,000 gallons. Over 200 miles of pipes run under the streets, supply- ing about 50,000 houses, 1,000 fire-plugs, and 15,000 special needs, baths, &c. JONES' FALLS. This famous stream has its rise in Baltimore county, some twenty miles above the city, and is of but few yards in width. Often it is so low as to scarcely cover the chan- nel, but during rainy seasons it receives the flow of a large water shed, and swells to a great height, sometimes over- flowing the adjoining roads for miles, and overleaping the walls which confine its course through the city. Several tributaries form Jones' Falls, among which are Roland and Towson Branches, which aid largely in filling Lake Roland. LAKE ROLAND. Taking advantage of natural conveniences, a noble lake was formed in the valley of Jones' Falls, near Rollin's Station, on the Northern Central Railroad, about 8 miles from the city. The expense of masonry, bridges, &c, was $112,752. It extends over about 116 acres, is 225 28 WeisliampeV s Baltimore Guide. feet above tide, and since 1861 has maintained a supply of 500,000,000 gallons. The dam to hold this lake is of immense strength and durability, built of stone, 120 feet wide, about 60 feet thick, and 40 feet high; it cost about $152,000. A visit to this Lake is very interesting; the drive thither is through a romantic country, the Falls being quite picturesque along its entire length. A Con- duit is built from the Lake to the Receiving Reservoir at Hampden. It is about four miles in length, made of brick and cemented, oval in shape, five feet wide and six feet in height. About a mile of this conduit was accom- plished by tunneling under the earth to various depths. It cost $536,000. HAMPDEN RESERVOIR. This work is located on the Fall's Road near Hampden, opposite Woodberryand Druid Hill Parle, from which it can be seen. It occupies eight acres, is semi-circular, diameter 1,000 feet, is 217 feet above tide, holds about 50,000,000 gallons, and cost $206,000. From this base of receival a line of pipes — which cost $140,000 — extends across the Falls and along the railroad to MOUNT ROYAL RESERVOIR. This beautiful lake is for distribution through the main pipes into the streets of the city. Its location is admi- rable; it is north of North or Boundary Avenue, and overlooks Jones' Falls, the Depot of the Northern Central Railroad, and a great part of the city. Its grounds are beautifully laid out. A marble gateway opens on North Avenue at Oliver street, and a wide drive of half a mile in length leads to the interior of Druid Hill Park. The scenery is diversified. Mount Royal Reservoir is circular, 550 feet across, 150 feet above tide, has five acres of sur- face and holds 30,000,000 gallons. Cost about $112,000. WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 29 DRUID LAKE. This location wasonce an immense natural ravine south of the original Druid Hill Park. The authorities- pur- chased it with grounds adjoining, for the purposes of a Storage Reservoir. Besides the utility of such a l«ke, it was calculated that the beauty of the Park would be won- derfully increased by the improvement. The result has justified expectation— there are few cities which present such a grand natural park and artificial lake. From the centre rises a four-inch jet of water 112 feet in height. The smooth drive around the Lake is a favorite resort. A tower of white marble stands on the eastern summit of the embankments, from which the visitor has a fine view as far down as Fort Mc Henry. The water area of Druid Lake is 53 acres, greatest length 2,300 feet, greatest width 900 feet, 300 feet across its narrowest point. — Extreme depth of water at mouth of drain pipe, 65 feet; extreme depth of dam, 98 feet. At the screen well where the effluent mains start, there is a depth of 39 feet of water; and at the upper end about 25 feet. The lake when full contains 429,000,000 gallons available. The surface of water when full is 217 feet above tide. The dam is 750 feet in length, from north to south; its greatest width at base is 650 feet; width on top 56 feet; its greatest depth to foundation on eastern side 116 feet; in the centre 119 feet; at the western side 103 feet; at the north and south ends 17 feet. Through the whole extent or the dam from north to south an ex- cavation was first made 36 feet wide, varying in depth according to the distance down to rock foundation. On the north end 40 feet in depth was excavated before reach- ing rock ; in the middle 15 feet, and on the south end 50 feet. In the centre of this excavation trench, a stone tooth 30 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. or wall is laid in cement 2 feet at top, 4 feet at bottom, and 5 feet high. On this prepared foundation the clay puddle core rests, which is carried up to the top of the dam through its whole extent. HIGH SERVICE RESERVOIR. A Reservoir of five acres is erected in the northwest part of the Park, the water being forced into it by machinery, for the purpose of supplying the most elevated portions of the City. GUNPOWDER RIVER, LAKE MONTEBELLO AND LAKE CLIFTON. The Gunpowder River has its rise about thirty miles north of the City; it runs southeasterly and empties into the Patapsco fifteen miles east of us. Near its mouth it widens considerably and is crossed by the Philadelphia Railroad on a trestle bridge. About nine miles north- east of the City, at a narrow part, the stream is intercep- ted and conveyed to the Montebello Reservoir. This involved the construction of a Tunnel seven miles long and twelve feet in diameter, the greater part of which is through rock. It has excited much interest, being the third largest tunnel in the world. The Gunpowder River is 170 feet above tide where the supply is taken. Lake Montebello is situated about two miles north-east of the City in a ravine, the ends of which were enclosed by artificial embankments. The surface of the lake is 163 feet above tide, water area 60 acres, depth 30 feet. The roadway around the Lake is 1$ miles, from 60 to 80 feet wide. The water enters and is discharged from the Lake through a Compound Gate-House, the largest in the country. Capacity 500,000,000 gallons; cost $660,000. From this Reservoir the water passes to Lake Clifton, which is one mile from the City on the Johns Hopkins WeisliampeVs Baltimore Guide. 31 estate. This Lake is elliptic in shape; long axis 1,700 feet, short axis 1,200 feet; roadway 50 feet wide, 4,400 feet long. Water area 30 acres, depth 31 ft. Capacity 265,000,000 gallons. From the gate- house, water is con- veyed to the city in six 40-inch pipes. 1 1 hate a cottage where the south wind comes Cool from the spicy pines, or with a breath Of the mid-ocean salt upon its lips, And a low, lulling, dreamy sound of waves, To breathe upon me as I lie along On my white violets, marveling at the bees That toil but to be plundered, or the mart Of striving men, whose bells I sometimes hear When th'y will toss their brazen throats at hv-aven, And howl to vex me. But the town is far, And all its noises ere they trouble me Must take a convoy of the scented breeze And climb the hills and cross the bloomy dales And catch a whisper in the swaying grain, And hear unf ithful echoes from the woods, \nd mix with birds and streams and fluttering leaves." Geo. H. Boker. WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 33 pAF(K£ AfID OTHER ]^E£ORT£. When breezos are soft and skies are fair, I steal an hour from study and care And Jiie me away to the woodland scene Where wanders' the stream with watersof As if the bright fringe of herbs on its brink Kad given their stain to the wave they drink. Though forced to drudge for the dregs of men, And scrawl strange words with the baibarous p*a And mingle amon, r the jostling crowd, Where the sons of strife are subtle and loud, 1 often come to this quiet place To breathe the airs that ruffle thy face .And ga/.e upon thee in silent dream, For in thy placid and lovely stream An im<»e of tha' calm life appears That won my heart in my greener years." Bryant. DRUID HILL PARK. The citizens of Baltimore being greatly in need of a large Park, were fortunate enough, in 1860, to find one as if specially prepared for their need, within half a mile of the city limits. Commissioners were authorized to purchase it, which they did for about |500,000. It was the estate of the Rogers family, comprising about 500 acres, laid out over a hundred years ago in the style of the English parks, and in every respect entirely suited to the purpose of a pleasure garden for a large city. It occupies the very highest tract of land in the immediate vicinity of the city. From its principal eminences there are noble views of the city and the Bay beyond, down to Kent Island and Annapolis; whilst eastward and west- ward open up a succession of inland scenes of great beauty and diversity of character. One feature of primary im- portance in the choice of a location for a public park is, that it shall have easy undulations of the surface, so that the numerous walks and drives can be economically con- structed, and yet be so disposed by following the contour 34 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. lines, that the eye shall not be able to trace out their various ramifications. Another feature is, that wherever detached masses, groups and clumps of trees are scattered over the grounds, they shall occupy such positions as will produce the finest possible effect, and shall be, of them- selves, the noblest specimens of their kind. A third is, that the disposition of the woodland shall be such, that it shall not only form the more suitable boundary to the park, but that the trees shall be of primitive growth, and of the greatest possible variety that is indigenous to the latitude. In all these respects Druid Hill is unsurpassed. Having been in the possession of the same family for a century and a half, and for a considerable portion of that time jealously guarded from intrusion, either the pride which some landed proprietors take in conserving the property bequeathed to them by their ancestors, or some other motive, fortunately prevented the woodman's axe from destroying what has now become the crowning ornament of the place. Upon nearly one-half the estate the fine artistic taste of some earlier proprietor is every- where, visible. All over the extensive lawn in front of the mansion, and stretching thence across a wide expanse of meadow land, magnificent groups and masses of trees checquer the surface, and have been so skilfully arranged as to lead the eye at every turn through a succession of long, cool, green vist-is, until the eye is lost in deeply- embayed recesses of the skirting, or among the shadows cast by the bolder indentations which have been formed in the glades of the forest. The trees are not only grouped with exquisite taste, but those which were originally selected to remain were evidently chosen with a careful regard to contrasts which would be presented by their autumn foliage. This effect has been further heightened by suffering single trees, such as sassafras and dogwood, to grow up detached from WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 35 the larger masses, and thus to display in their fullest perfection the rich orange and crimson of their autumn leaves, intensified by being placed in apposition to the deep browns and dark purples of the oaks, and bright golden tints of the hickory. This artistic skill of the old improver is not only visible in the dressed grounds of the place, but is to be seen in the manner in which he planted up many of the various eminences to the west- ward of the mansion. Some vestiges of those old groups — composed of medium sized, trees, such as the Catalpa and others, backed by Lombardy poplars, adding to ' apparent height, whilst perfecting the pyramidal fc ofthemass — still remain. One oi the hickories measi nine feet two inches in circumference and overshad< an immense area with its trailing limbs. There are hi ories ninety feet high, and eight to eleven feet in circi fere nee, and white oaks ten feet seven inches in girtl In 1886, a great many of the trees were labeled, w their names, by the Naturalists' Association. The ascent to the Mansion in the centre of the Par gradual. Its height is 326 feet above tide. From summit of this cone, as well as from other prominen fine views of the City and Bay are caught between dis taut masses of foliage. From Tempest Hill, the north- eastern extremity of the Park, a lovely scene spreads before the gazer, embracing Woodberry, Hampden and its Res- ervoir, and miles of undulating fields, farms and woodland. Druid Lake adorns the southern portion, and a wide drive along Mount Royal brings the beauties of the Park quite within the edge of the City. The springs on the domain are numerous, and are handsomely adorned by private munificence. Winding drives and walks, summer houses, bridges, the swan lake, the sea lion pond, the Centennial Maryland Building, the Cages of wild animals, bear-pit, deer, sheep, the fountains. 36 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide, vases, urns, and the choir of birds ever warbling in the glorious trees — these form attractions for many thousands of delighted visitors. This Park is indeed of inestimable value to the health and innocent gratification of our citi- zens, old and young. It has entrances on North Avenue at Oliver Street, and on Madison Avenue, both adorned with marble gateways, and others will be made as the leading streets are opened. The Park is free to all, and is under wise regulations and careful police management. CLIFTON PARK. rp his is a tract of several hundred acres, described on City Map, located northeast of the City, but not yet ;ned to the public as a pleasure resort. It was the m try seat of the late Johns Hopkins, and intended by 1 to be the location of the University bearing his name, is has been made a question of much dispute, and has n been carried to the Maryland Legislature. Mean- ile the trustees have erected buildings on Howard •oLi'eet, where the University Schools are at present lo- cated. A portion of the estate has been utilized for the introduction of water from the Gunpowder River, and a Distributing Reservoir. This Park and the adjacent Reservoirs are reached by the Hall's Springs Railway, starting from the City Hall. PATTERSON PARK. A large pleasure ground, containing 113 acres, orna- mented with trees, shrubbery, and a fountain, located at the east end of the City, its chief gateway fronting on Lombard Street. This Park overlooks the harbor, and affords a most beautiful view on all sides. It preserves within its grounds the origitfai earthivorks thrown up by citizen volunteers in 1814, when the British army threatened an attack. The Baltimore soldiery, however, WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide, 37 met the enemy several miles below, near North Point, and defeated them, with the loss of their commander, Gen. Koss, and thus saved the City. The Citizens' Line Kail- way connects this Park with Druid Hill Park, five miles distant. FEDERAL HILL PARK. This Hill comprises about 8£ acres, and is an old land- mark. Its elevation commands a view of the entire City and harbor, which it immediately overlooks. It has been used as the location of an observatory, to signal the approach of shipping. In 1862, it was occupied by the United States Government, and held as a fort until the close of the Civil War, in 1865. In 1878, the grounds were purchased by the City to preserve as a public park. No one should omit a visit to this Hill, as it gives a bird's-eye view of a city seldom equalled. Hours may be spent in gazing upon the panorama of life and commerce spread out all around and beneath. A memorial to the memory of Col. Geo. Armistead, the defender of Fort McHenry, crowns the northwestern summit of this Hill. The name of this Hill had its origin in the early times of the Union, when the "Federal" Party was dominant, in honor of the Federal Constitution. In 1886, a new pavilion and observatory were built. The Hill is 85 feet above tide. RIVERSIDE PARK. This pleasure resort is located in South Baltimore, cov- ering 141 acres, of ground high enough to command a good prospect. It includes the site known as "Fort Cov- ington," a six-gun battery which sunk the barges of the English fleet as they attempted to land a force at night, in the rear of Fort McHenry, in 1814. The earthworks still remain. 38 WeislimnpeV s Baltimore Gtiide. HAKLEM PAKK. This is a beautiful plot of ground about two squares in extent, undulating in surface and adorned with a handsome fountain. It is one of the most pleasing parks in the city. It is located in the West End, between Cal- houn and Gilmor streets and Edmondson and Harlem avenues. A handsome monument and statue of Jas. L. Ridgely were erected here in 1885, by the Odd Fellows. LAFAYETTE SQUARE. A park comprising a square, between Lanvale Street, Carroll ton, Arlington, and Lafayette Avenues ; contains a small fountain. The Normal School and five handsome churches face upon this square, adding to its beauty. FRANKLIN SQUARE. A small park, with a fountain, between Fayette, Lex- ington, Carey and Calhoun Streets. The Aged Men and Women's Homes and several churches are located near this popular resort. $ome years ago the iron railings around all the city squares were removed and the walks improved with cement pavement, thus enlarging and greatly beautifying them as well as the neighborhood. UNION SQUARE. A park and spring similar to the others, between Lom- bard, Hollins, Strieker and Gilmor streets. MADISON SQUARE. Handsomely located, and beautified with flowers, on elevated ground, bet. Caroline, Eden, Eager and Chase sts. PERKINS' SPRING SQUARE. This is not a square, but a triangular lot of ground between George Street, Clinton and Myrtle Avenues. — It is adorned with flowers and a fountain on what was once known as "Perkins' Spring." WeiskampePs Baltimore Guide. 39 PUBLIC WALKS. Besides the parks above named, are several beautifully adorned Public Walks, the chief of which is Eutaw Place, in the middle of the roadway of Entaw Street, extending from Dolphin Street for a half-mile northward. It is decorated with flowers, and has several fountains, one of which is very elaborate, surmounted by a statue, which was purchased for a large sum at the Centennial Expo- sition, at Philadelphia. The tout ensemble of this Place is charming. Several handsome church edifices face this locality. Broadway is also ornamented with a beautiful street park extending from Baltimore Street to North Avenu< including the Wildey Monument. Similar Public Walks are to be found adjoining tl Washington Monument, also on North Boundary Avem near Charles Street, and elsewhere. EASTERN FOUNTAIN. In 1816, a natural spring known as Cloppe's was pu chased, with adjacent grounds, and set apart for publ use, and known for many years as Eastern City Spring. It has since been supplanted by a drinking fountain, supplied from the Reservoir,' and is now known as Eastern Fountain. The grounds are oblong, covered with grass and trees, located between Lombard, Pratt, Spring and Eden Streets. FORT McHENRY. In 1774, when the citizens of Baltimore began to take part in the Revolution, they erected a water battery on Whetstone Point,* and stationed a company of Artillery there. Three massive chains of wrought iron were stretched across the Patapsco river, and its channel ob- structed by sunken vessels. In 1794, a star fort, of brick 40 WeisliampeVs Baltimore Guide. was erected. Subsequently the property was ceded to the United States Government, and named "Fort McHenry," after James McHenry, first Secretary of War under Pres- ident Washington. In 1814, during the war with Eng- land, a British fleet landed an army at North Point, and then advanced to bombard this Fort, in a double attempt to capture the city. The Fort was gallantly defended FOKT McHENKY. by Major Geo. Armistead, with about 1,000 men. Two small batteries, some distance above the Fort, under the commands of Lieutenants Newcomb and Webster, assisted the defence. After twenty-four hours bombardment the fleet was repulsed. In the meanwhile their land forces were also defeated at North Point. It was during this bombardment that the national anthem "The Star Span- gled Banner," was composed by Francis S. Key, who was a prisoner on one of the British ships during the engage- ment. During the war of 1861-5, this Fort was strengthened, but happily was not engaged in active conflict. Spacious grounds are enclosed around the Fort which are accessible to visitors, who can reach them by the street cars. WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 41 FERRY BAR. This is a shallow part of the Patapsco River at the point between the Northwest and Middle branches. It is nearly a mile in width, and is crossed by a trestle bridge to Brooklyn, a settlement in Anne Arundel county. The bridge cost $42,000 and has a draw forty-two feet wide for the passage of vessels. Capital boating, fishing, crabbing and swimming, are all to be had here, in the midst of a beautiful scene of land and water. Opposite the City are several extensive and picturesque woodland shores, which are visited daily by families and social par- ties on picnics and fishing excursions. Street cars con- vey passengers to Ferry Bar, which is at the extreme end of Light street. Boats are also to be had at the foot of Hanover, Eutaw and South Paca streets, at the base of Federal Hill and other points on the water side. BAYSIDE RESORTS. Though not in the city, there are several very popular places which derive their support from Balitimore, and are the resort of many thousands of people during the summer season. We refer to "Tolchester Beach," in Kent County, about 25 miles from Baltimore. Also to ' k Bay Ridge," below Annapolis, about 32 miles distant. Both these have fine hotels, grounds, bathing houses, &c, and a beach nearly equal to the sea-coast. Steamers run twice a day. RAILROAD RESORTS. "Pen Mar," on the Western Maryland Railroad, is a Baltimore institution, although located seventy miles away. Trains carry immense crowds thither, every day during the summer season. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad also makes special excursions to Harper's Ferry, 42 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. Irving Park and intermediate places. The other Roads carry numerous parties at special rates to other resorts. BRIDGES. There are several handsome and expensive iron bridges over Jones' Falls on St. Paul, Calvert and North Streets, and on North Avenue, which afford an interesting sight to visitors. The observer can see beneath him the wind- ing stream of the Falls, and alongside of it numerous railway tracks, with trains rapidly passing to all points of the country. These bridges, which are of different designs, and two of them elaborately decorated, connect an old settled part of the City, with a new and extensive portion, comprising many of the finest and most fashion- able residences and churches, and reaching to a plateau of eligible property a mile in extent, now rapidly building up, which is called "Peabody Heights." Besides these fine bridges, there are numerous bridges crossing the Falls at all the main streets in its course. DRIVES. Besides the extensive and lovely drives through Druid Hill Park, and thence to Green Spring Valley and Pim- lico, there are several other roads much frequented for horse and carriage riding— the Charles St. Avenue leading to Woodlavvn Cemetery, Waverly and Towson ; the Falls Road to Hampden, granite and marble quarries, cotton factories, Lake Roland, etc.; the York, Harford, Belair, Philadelphia and North Point Roads; the old pike to Westminster; the Liberty Road; the Franklin Road through Calverton, Five Mills, Gwynn's Falls and Pow- hatan; Eclmondson Avenue extended, crossing a bridge over Gwynn's Falls, which affords a beautiful view, to Catonsville; the Frederick Pike passing the House of Refuge, Mount Olivet, Western and Loudon Park Cem- eteries ? Fair view ? Paradise, Catonsville and Ellicott City. WeisliampeVs Baltimore Guide. 43 IviWTOT? "J pray you, let us satisfy our eyes With the memorials and the things of fame That do renown this city.'''' I m^FSH^ KMF3SIE T^ALTIMORE has been styled "The Monumental \ City," on account of the patriotism of her citizens in erecting two notable monuments, one to com- memorate the name and services of Washington ; and the other to preserve the memory of her Defenders, in the War of 1813, Since then, other marbles have been 44 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. raised to honor the illustrious dead, but these first-named stand preeminent. THE WASHINGTON MONUMENT Is popularly recognized as the most graceful and majestic in America. In 1809, the Legislature granted permission for its erection. Lotteries were then lawful and common in the United States, and were frequently used to raise money for churches and other public buildings ; and by this means the necessary sum of $100,000 was acquired to pay part of the cost of this Monument. A lot two hundred feet square was given by General John Eager Howard, of Revolutionary fame. At that time, the lot was far out of the City, but at this time it is nearly at its geographical centre. It is on an eminence at the crossing of Charles and Monument Streets, one hundred feet above tide. From the middle of this rises the column, and handsomely decorated greens and walks extend for a square on the four sides. This place is called Mount Vernon, after Washington's homestead. The corner-stone of the Monument was laid with Ma- sonic ceremonies, July 4, 1815, in the presence of over twenty-five thousand spectators. Generals Harper, Ster- rett and Winder paraded the military, and a portrait of the "Father of His Country," by^Rembrandt Peale, was exhibited. Among those present were Colonel Edward Johnson, second mayor of Baltimore, General Howard, General Sam'l Smith, and all the principal citizens. The entire Monument is of white marble. Its base is 60 feet square and 35 feet high; from this base rises a Doric column (20 feet in diameter at the base and 15 feet at the top) to a height of 165 feet above ground. Upon the capital of this column is a gallery, and above that a colossal statue of Washington, representing him in the WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 45 act of resigning his commission as General in Chief of the United States Armies. It is a work of great merit, by the sculptor Gregory. It is 15 feet high, weighs 7 tons, cost $17,000, and required an expense of $3,000 to raise it in position, which was completed October 19, 1830; thus about fourteen years elapsed during the con- struction of the whole work. The name of Robert Mills is deserving of honorable remembrance as the Architect of this most chaste and symmetrical structure. The following inscription is divided upon the four sides of the base. TO GEORGE WASHINGTON, BY THE STATE OF MARYLAND. Born, February 22, 1732. Commander-in-Chief of the American Army, June 15, 1776. Trenton, Dec.*25, 1776.— Yorktown, October 19, 1781. Commission Resigned at Annapolis, Dec. 23, 1783. President of tlie United States, March 4, 1789. Retired to Mi. Vernon, March 4, 1797. Died, December 14, 1799. The total height of the Monument to the head of the statue is 180 feet above ground, and 280 feet above tide. It is ascended on the inside by a circular stairway of 220 steps; a lantern being used to light the way. Visitors are admitted to the top, on payment of a small charge. But one fatality is recorded of this ascent, which occurred in 1875; a young man who suffered from abberation of mind, threw himself from the summit and was of course instantly killed by his fall. In 1872 the statue was struck by lightning, but the injury was slight and immediately repaired. The view from the top is very pleasing to those who are not nervously affected. The western side of Mount Vernon Place is adorned with several bronze statues by Barye, representing Peace, 46 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. War, Force and Order, and a colossal Lion; also with "Military Courage," by Dubois. Many of the private dwellings in this neighborhood are quite costly; the Peabody Institute and the Methodist Episcopal Church give additional beauty to this Place, which is conceded to afford one of the most elegant and pleasing public views in any city. THE "BATTLE MONUMENT." Erected in Monument Square, under the direction of the City Government, to the memory of those who fell in defence of the City at the Battle of North Point and bombardment of Fort McHenry, on the 12th and 13th of September, 1814. The corner-stone was laid on the 12th of September, 1815. The shaft of the Monument pre- sents a fasces, symbolical of the Union ; the rods are bound by a fillet, on which are inscribed the names of the heroes killed, because by their death they strengthened the bands of the Union. The fasces is ornamented at the bottom in the north and south fronts with the bas-reliefs, one representing the battle of North Point and death of Gen- eral Koss; the other, the bombardment of Fort McHenry. On the fronts, east and west, are lachrymal urns, em- blems of regrets and tears. On the top are wreaths of laurel and cypress, expressive of glory and mourning. Each centre of the Egyptian cornice is adorned with a winged globe; the globe represents eternity, the wings time. The edifice is constructed entirely of marble, sur- mounted by a statue, representing the City of Baltimore. In one hand is a rudder, emblem of navigation; in the other she raises a croiun of laurel as she looks toward the field of battle. The Monument without the statue is 42 feet 8 inches high, the statue 9 feet 6 inches — total height 53 feet 2 inches above the platform, M, Godfroy, TEE 5ATTLE MONUMENT. 48 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. architect; Antonio Capeleno, sculptor. It stands in the middle of Calvert St., near Fayette, on the site of the first court house, built in 1769 and demolished early this century. Opposite on the west is the second court house built in 1809, and now used for various offices. On the east side stands the new Post Office building. The following inscription appears: BATTLE OF NORTH POINT, 12th of September, A.D. 1814, and of the Independence of the United States the Thirty-ninth. BOMBARDMENT OF FORT MrHKXUY September 13, A. D. 1814. John Lowry Donaldson, Adjutant 21th Regiment. Gregorius Andre, Lieut. 1st Rifle Battalion. Levi Glagett, 3d Lieut, in Nicholson 1 s Artillerists. G. Jenkins, H. G. McComas, D. Wells, J. Burneston, J. Richardson, W. McClelhtn, R. K. Cooksey, W. Alexander, G. Fallier, ' J. Wallack, T. V. Beeston, J. Jephson, J. G. Byrd, D. Hoivard, E. Marriott, W. Ways, J. H. Marriott, of John, J. Dunn, 0. Bell, J. Armstrong, P. Byard, J. Clemm, M. Desk, B. Reynolds, T. Garrett, J. Craig, J. Gregg, J. Merriken, R. Neale, A. Randall, G. Cox, J. Evans, J. H. Cox, U. Prosser, J. Hanbert, 1. Wolf, B. Bond, D. Davis. In this enduring manner are perpetuated the names of the humblest soldiers as well as the titled officers who fell in that gallant defence of our city. We copy them to aid in honoring their memory as having died for their coun- try, and as deserving of our grateful recollection. WeiskampeVs Baltimore Guide. 49 THE ODD FELLOWS' MONUMENT. This unique structure, subject to criticism as {l work of art, but worthy of attention as one of the va- rieties of architectural de- sign with a technical pur- pose, is located on the high- est elevation of Broadway, near East Baltimore street- Its object is to honor the memory of " Past Grand Sire" Thomas AVildey, who founded the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in Baltimore, April 26, 1819, and to typify the progress ^ of the Order from a rude beginning, until it has at- tained a noble and commanding rank. To embody this history, the design gives a rough granite base from which rises the white marble superstructure. On the base-block are carved the natural productions of this country, and several inscriptions, in part as follows : THOMAS WILDEY. Born Jan. 15, 1783— Died Oct. 18, 1861. He who realizes that the true mission of man on earth is to rise above the level of individual influence, and to recognize the fatherhood of God over all, and the brotherhood of man, is Nature's true nobleman. 50 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. Above the base is the pedestal, having on it the seal of the Grand Lodge of the United States, carved in bas-relief and also representations of Hope and Charity. The pil- lar is Doric, typifying by the beauty and simplicity of its proportions the Order of Odd-Fellows. On the four faces of the entablature are carved the emblems of the Order: the three links, the heart and the hand, the bundle of rods, and the globe. A life-sized figure crowns the top, rep- resenting Charity protecting orphans. The height of the entire monument is 52 feet — cost $18,000. It was dedicated April 26, 1865, at which time an immense concourse of Odd-Fellows from all parts of the country assembled and paraded in full regalia with music, making the occasion one of fraternal union, and rejoicing at the return of peace between the States. THE McDONOGH STATUE. John McDonogh was born in Baltimore in 1779, but resided the principal part of his life in New Orleans. He Avas successful in mercantile pursuits, and especial- ly in the purchase of lands, which increased his wealth to millions. He lived very temperately and attained the age of seventy-one years. He was of a philanthropic character, a friend to colonization in Africa and other humane enterprizes. He bequeathed his fortune to the cities of New Orleans and Baltimore, for the founding of an institution for the education of poor children. A statue, considerably larger than life, is erected in Greenmount Cemetery to commemorate this benefaction. It represents a faithful figure of McDonogh, sculptured by Randolph, mounted on a massive pedestal, upon the sides of which is the following inscription, written by himself, (copied from his tomb in McDonogh, La.) WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 51 "Here lies the body of John McDonogh, awaiting in firm and full faith the resurrection, and the coming of his glorious Lord, Redeemer and Master, to judge the world. Rules for my guid- ance in life. 1804.: Remember that labor is one of the conditions of our existence. Time is gold ; throw not one minute away, but place each to account. Do unto all men as you would be done by. Never put off till to-morrow what you can do to-day.— Never bid another do what you can do yourself. Never covet what is nut your own. Never think a matter so trivial as not to deserve notice. Never give out that which does not first come in. Never spend but to produce. Let the greatest order regulate the transactions of your life. Study in the course of your life to do the greatest possible amount of good. Deprive yourself of nothing necessary to your comfort, but livein an honorable simplicity and frugality. Labor then to the last moment of your existence.— Pursue strictly the above rules, and the Divine blessing and riches of every kind will flow upon you to your heart's content, but first of all remember that the chief and great study of your life should be to tend by all the means in your power to the honor and glory of the Divine Creator. * * The conclusion to which I have arrived is, that without temperance there is no health, without virtue no order, without religion no happiness, and the sum of our being is to live wisely, soberly and righteously." 5% WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. WELLS AND McCOMAS MONUMENT. Daniel Wells and Henry G. McOomas are celebrated as having slain General Koss, who commanded the British forces in their attack on Baltimore, Sept. 12, 1814. The conflict occurred near North Point. The youths were in turn immediately killed by the foe. Their remains were buried, but in 1858, were re-interred in Ashland Square, at the intersection of Gay, Monument and Ais- quith streets. In 1873, a plain, substantial monument was erected over the grave, at a cost of $3,500. THE ARMISTEAD MONUMENT. In 1827, the city authorities erected a memorial over the City Spring on Calvert street, near Saratoga, in honor of Col. George Armistead, who commanded the forces of Eort McHenry during its bombardment by the British, Sept. 13 and 14, 1814. The grounds of the Spring be- coming unpopular, and the stone much defaced by time, the City Council in 1882 ordered another to be erected in its stead on "Eutaw Place," which was done with ap- propriate ceremony. In 1886, improvements having been made at Federal Hill Park, it was decided that this em- inence was a more appropriate location for the monument, and it was accordingly removed and placed upon the north-east summit of the imposing Hill, overlooking the harbor, and in sight of the Fort so gallantly defended by the hero. The monument is about seventeen feet high, surmounted by a bomb and cannon balls. A sword and scabbard are sculptured upon the base, and four cannon stand on end around the pillar, all of marble. It is in- scribed "Esto perpetuum" Dates are given of the items of Col. Armistead's career, and close with the statement that "he died universally esteemed and regretted, April 25, 1818, aged 39 years. WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 53 EIDGELY MONUMENT. The Odd Fellows have erected a beautiful monument in Harlem Park, surmounted by a statue, to the memory of their distinguished member, James L. Ridgely, who for fifty years labored for the spread of the Order and the good of humanity, as Secretary of the Grand Lodge of Maryland, and the Grand Lodge of the United States. The monument is of marble, elaborately carved with appropriate inscriptions on all sides, the front having the name of the honored dead, with the date: Born Jan. 27, 1807; Died Nov. 18, 1881. The statue. is of bronze, a line life-like figure, and stands some thirty feet above the base. Altogether, the memorial is one of the handsomest in our city. TOMB OF EDGAR A. POE. Our cemeteries contain the remains of many justly cel- ebrated men, prominent in their day in literature, religion, society and the army, but their tombs are not regarded as public shrines, excepting one here and there, as in the case of Edgar Allen Poe. The novels and poems of this writer occupy a singular place in literature, and have achieved for him a wide reputation as an original genius, especially in the conception of the grotesque and horrible, a keen critic, and an accomplished artist in language. Many readers have supposed that personal remorse was the motive of his most famous poem, "The Raven," but his explanation of its construction dissipates any sug- gestion of genuine feeling. His severe criticisms upon contemporary authors excited much hostility against him, and provoked a long disparaging public discussion of his character and poetry; but that has passed away and he is now accorded a permanent place in the highest yank of literary celebrities. 54 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. Several years ago, the admirers of Poe in this city col- lected some thousands of dollars, largely among the pub- lic schools, and erected a substantial memorial, which was dedicated with public ceremonies, Nov. 1, 1875, in the Westminster grave-yard, on the corner of Fayette and Greene streets. It is ornamented on the front with a medallion portrait, which is said to be a fine likeness of Poe. The monument bears the inscription : Edgar Allan Poe, Born Jan. 20, 1809; Died Oct. 7, 1849. MEKCHANTS' SHOT TOWEE. This lofty building, cor- ner of Front and Fayette sts., is the only one remaining of the three which formerly attracted the curiosity of strangers. One on Gay st. was removed about 1850, and one on Eutaw st., near Camden, was burned out and removed about 1856. The present tower was built in 1828, on the site of the first Baptist meeting house built in Baltimore. The height is 246 feet, base 40 feet in diameter, top 20 feet. The walls are 4J feet thick at the ground, tapering to 18 inches at the summit. The masonry is well done and comprises about 1,100,000 bricks. It is said the top oscillates eight or ten inches during a strong wind. The prospect from this tower is fine, but it is not open to the public. Several years ago the woodwork of the interior was burnt out. The tower presents quite a novel appearance, and can be seen to :e from Gay street, looking down Fayette street ■0H*;pn THE MER0HANT8' SHOT T0W1B. WmsliampeVs Baltimore Guide. 55 pjfwras FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. There are over two hundred church edifices in Balti- more, besides numerous halls, used by religious societies. We indicate the most prominent of these under their denominational headings, so that the reader may be able at a glance to. learn of their location and characteristics. 56 WcisliampeVs Baltimore Guide. Seventh Baptist Church. BAPTIST.— This denomination lias the following houses of worship: First, on Lan vale st., built in 1878, at a cost of $60,000, (in place of the old "round top" edifice erected in 1817, on Sharp st., now removed.) The Seventh, a commodious and elegant building on the corner of Paca and Saratoga sts., built in 1847, at a cost Grace Baptist Church. WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 57 of $ 10,000. Several meetings of the Southern Baptist Convention have been held there. The Eutaw Place Church, costing $100,000, built in 1871, of marble, with a tower 187 feet high. T. U. Walter, architect of the Capitol at Washington, designed this beautiful edifice, a fine engraving of which is presented on the next page. Fuller Memorial Baptist Church. Fuller Memorial Church, corner of Carey and Presst- man sts., in memory of Rev. Richard Fuller, D. D., for thirty years a minister in this city, and who deceased in 1876. Immanuel, corner of North Avenue and St- Paul st., Frakklin Square, Lee St., High St., Grace, corner of Caroline and Preston sts., and the Second, on Broadway, besides a number of others less conspicuous. In addition, there are several spacious buildings, costing from ten to twenty thousand dollars each, owned by the colored Baptists: the Union church on North st, the First, on Caroline st., the Calvary, on Park Avenue, and the Laeadenhall st. church. There are about 10,00Q Eutaw Place Baptist Church. Weishampel's Baltimore Guide. 59 Union Baptist Church. members reported as belonging to this denomination, nearly equally distributed between white and colored. CONGREGATIONAL. The First Congregational Church, on Eutaw street, near Dolphin, is built of granite, is grow^ over with vines, has a handsome grass plat in front, and presents a very picturesque appearance. 60 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. CATHOLIC. This city is the seat of the oldest archbishopric in this country, and has always ranked among the first in impor- tance in Catholic population and respectability. The Cathedral is the chief edifice; it is built of porphyritic granite, hauled from a point near Ellicott City, by teams of oxen, and has so far resisted the ravages of time, and is in an admirable state of preservation. On Sunday afternoon, July 6, 1806, the foundation stone was laid by Right Rev. John Carroll, bishop of Baltimore, in the presence of a vast auditory that filled the adjacent hills. Work was immediately commenced, and was continued uninterruptedly till 1812, when the British war neces- sitated its suspension for several years. In 1817, labor was again resumed, and thence progressed until 1821, when the building was completed. It is severely plain in appearance, excepting the front, which has a handsome porch and entablature supported by several lofty marble columns. It is 100 feet long, 197 feet broad; its dome is 69 feet in diameter and 95 feet from centre of dome to the floor, with cross on top 32 feet higher. The organ has 600 pipes and 39 stops. There are several very fine paintings upon the interior. The mammoth bell was imported from Marseilles, France. Numerous councils of bishops have transpired at the Cathedral. In 1822, the remains of Dr. Can oil, first archbishop, were con- signed to its present sepulchre beneath the archiepiscopal throne. Since that time successive deceased archbishops have been laid beside him. Each incumbent reposes in death, clad in the richest pontifical vestments, each mausoleum having a depth of ten feet, a breadth of four feet, and a height of seven feet. Cardinal Gibbons re- WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 6l ceived his dignities in this Cathedral in 1886, amidst imposing ceremonies, attended by clergy from all parts of the country. St. Alphonsus' Church. St. Alphonsus' church is 154 feet long and 64 feet wide, and has a steeple 205 feet high. Tts location is on the prominent corner of Park Ave. and Saratoga St., and is in full view of Baltimore Street. St. Ignatius' G2 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. church, corner Calvert and Read sts., is imposing in ap- pearance and size, as indeed are almost all the churches of this denomination. The authorities build with a wise reference to location and durability; the sites they choose are the most eligible in and around the city, and their walls are laid in the most substantial manner. In this respect they are models for imitation* These remarks apply to St. Martin's, on Fulton Ave., St* Peter's, on Poppleton St, St. Vincent de Paul's, on Front St., St. Patrick's, on Broadway, St. Michael's, on Lom- bard St., St. Pius', on Edmondson Avenue, St. Borro- meo's, on Gilmor St., and in fact nearly all the Catholic houses, a list of which, numbering over thirty, may be seen in the city directory. Statues >and paintings and frescoes of considerable merit adorn the walls and ceilings of many, and add to their attractions for the casual vis- itor as well as the communicant. St. Xavier's Church, colored, cor. Calvert and Pleasant streets, was formerly occupied by a Uni- versalist society, and popularly used for lyceums and lectures. Besides the churches, there are many large schools, monasteries, ST. XAVIER'S. . . . , p , nunneries, hospitals, &c, m and near the city, some of them handsomely built and of commanding appearance, the names of which are given in our list of Miscellaneous Public Institutions. CHRISTIAN. This Church, known as Disciples', is located on Paca st., near Lombard st. EVANGELICAL. — This body has houses of worship on Greene st., near German, on McElderry st., and on Edmondson Ave., near Fremont. Weishampetfs Baltimore (Juide. m FRIENDS. — This Association has several plain meet- ing houses, cor. Eutaw and Monument sts., Lombard st. near Eutaw, and cor. Aisquith and Fayette. Its member- ship is numerous and influential. INDEPENDENT.— Zion, German, erected 1808, on. Gay st., near Saratoga, with a large day school attached. JEWISH. — There are about twelve synagogues, located on Hanover st., near Pratt, Lloyd, nearE. Baltimore st., Lexington st., near Pine, Eden st., near Lombard, and elsewhere. LUTHERAN. The First English Lutheran church, on Lexington st., having been burnt in the fire of 1873, the congrega- tion erected another on Fremont and Lanvale sts. It is of marble, has a fine tower and overlooks the city from an elevated position. The Second, on Lombard st., near Greene, as well as the other houses of this denomination, of which there are about a dozen, are all plain, but suf- ficiently commodious. St. Paul's German Independent Lutheran Church is a fine brick edifice, with a spire, on the corner of Fremont and Saratoga sts. Charles St. M. E. Church. u Weishampefs Baltimore Guide. Mt. Vernon Methodist Episcopal Church. METHODIST EPISCOPAL. The Methodist Episcopal denomination numbers about 40,000 members in this city. They have about sixty churches. While most of their houses of worship are plain and unpretentious, several of them rank among the most expensive and beautiful in the city, the handsomest of which is the Mount Vernon, which is built in Gothic style, of various colors of marble and other stone and brick, is elaborately ornamented, and has three spiref. No picture, unless carefully colored, and no mere descrip- tion, can give the reader a notion of its appearance, con- trasting agreeably, as it does, with the noble, plain marb!e shaft of the Monument and the equally plain Peabody Institute. The cost of the ground was $100,000, and the building, $300,000. Erected 1873; Dixon & Carson, WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 65 Architects. The Madison" Avenue M. E. Church is an imposing brick building, with Grecian front and pillars; Madison Avenue, cor. Townsend. Grace, near Lafayette Square, is a fine stone structure, in Gothic style. Har- lem Park, on Gilmor street, is beautifully located. Whatcoat, cor. Strieker and Presstman st., is a brick building, with a fine spire. Eutaw, on Eutaw st., near Mulberry, is an old-time church remodeled. Straw- bridge is a handsome stone structure on Park Avenue, near Wilson st. Columbia St., Monument St., Sharp St., Broadway, Jackson Square, and other churches we could name, are all neatly but not expensively built. The Eirst Church, just erected on St. Paul st., beyond Boundary Ave., is a commanding stone edifice, quite unique in appearance.* * The oldest Methodist congregation in Baltimore built the "Lovely Lane meeting house" in 1774. In that building "The Methodist Episcopal Church of America" was organized in 1784. In 1884, this congregation laid the foundations of "The First Methodist Episcopal Cnurch, comer of St. Paul Ave. and Third St., and completed it in 1887, the fifth building it has occupied in one hundred and thirteen years. The structure stands 122 feet above tide, on a lot of ground 150x184 feet, covering nearly the entire lot. It is of the Etruscan style of architecture; built of granite, and roofed with the old Roman S shaped tile. It includes the main audience room, the largest of any church in the City; a chapel, Sunday School and class rooms, reading and reception rooms, office, parlor, kitchen, parsonage, &c, and is second to none in the United States in its completeness and convenience for general Church work. Every article of furniture and detail of ornamentation was made from special drawings, and are all in hardwood, stucco or stone. At the south-east corner rises a massive and dignified Campanile, 186 feet in height. The cost was about $250,000. Adjoining the Church, extending along St. Paul Ave , for two blocks, are the grounds of "The Woman's College of Baltimore City," an Institution founded by the M. E. Church for the higher education of women. The buildings are of the same general style of architecture and material as the Church adjacent. 66 Weishampel's Baltimore Guide. METHODIST EPISCOPAL SOUTH. This branch of the Methodist family has several hand- some houses, Trinity, on Madison Ave., St. Paul's, on Fayette st., near Carroll ton Ave., and Central, opposite Harlem Square, beside several chapels. METHODIST INDEPENDENT. St. John's, Liberty street, near Lexington. Chats- worth, cor. Pine and Franklin. Bethany, at Frank- lin Square. Epworth, corner Mosherand Gilmor sts., and St. John's Chapel, corner Madison Ave. and Wil- son st. The churches- are all neat and handsome, and the last two especially so. METHODIST PROTESTANT. Lafayette Avenue Church, cor, Gilmor st., is a new and handsome edifice. Starr church, on S. Pop- pleton st., was built chiefly at the cost of the late Wesley Starr, who deeded it to the Conference, conditional upon several stipulations, three of which are, that the hymns shall always be given out from the pulpit by couplets, that there shall be no instrumental music used, and that' the sexes shall sit in separate aisles, &c, which rules are observed as far as practicable. PRESBYTERIAN. This denomination has about g=^, thirty places of worship, wilh a large membership. The First Presbyterian church, cor. of Madison and Park sts., is one of the most beautiful in this coun- try. It is built in Gothic style, of brick, iron, and New Brims. Franklin St. Presb. Church, . . . , , . , wick brown iree-stone, which last admits of much exquisite carving. It has three First Presbyterian Church. 68 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. towers, the principal one being 250 feet high. Graceful, majestic, and profusely ornamental, this entire edifice receives much admiration. It is sufficiently spacious for a large congregation. The main spire rises towards the clouds in dignity and splendor and is truly a "thing of beauty." We know of nothing of the same style of architecture, to surpass it. The parsonage adjoining, is built of yellow stone and stands as a pleasing relief to the brown stone of the sanctuary. (Starkweather, archi- Wtstminster Presbyterian Chureh. tect.) The Westminister, cor. Green and Fayette sts., has a lofty turreted tower, which attracts the attention of literary sight-seers particularly, from the fact that it over- WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 69 Brown Memorial Presbyterian Church. shadows the grave of Poe. The Brown Memorial is a spacious marble edifice in Gothic style, cor. of Park and Town send sts. The Second is a handsome two-steepled structure, cor. East Baltimore and Lloyd sts. The Franklin Square is a neat marble edifice, contrasting with the verdure of the opposite park. The Central, which was burned in the great conflagration of 1873, on Saratoga st., is renewed in a handsome structure on Eu- 70 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. taw Place. The Boundary Avenue Church, on the corner of St. Paul street, is an expensive and beautiful building, and shows to great advantage. Faith Church, corner of Broadway and Biddle street, is another attract- ive edifice. Indeed, the increase of beautiful Church buildings is so rapid of late years, as to preclude more than a mere mention of them, for want of space. PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. This denomination has a large membership and numer- ous church edifices, many of which are consistent with the prevailing English Gothic style which has become so generally followed. St. Peter's church on Druid Hill Avenue is a fine example. It is from the same model that many of our fashionable churches are patterned, and therefore they are very similar. Grace, corner of Madison and Park sts., St. Luke's, near Franklin Square, Christ, cor. St. Paul and Chase sts., and others, are all imposing buildings. Emmanuel, cor. Read andCathedral sts., is a massive stone ediiice,»with a great tower, and reminds one of a feudal age fortress. St. Paul's, corner of Charles and Saratoga sts., rebuilt on the site of the first church erected here, in 1741, is remodeled after a composite de- sign, and has a high square tower, which resembles the campanile at Venice. There are about thirty church buildings, besides schools, guilds and humane institu- tions, connected with this denomination. Episcopal (Preformed.)— The Cummins Memorial, in honor of Bishop Cummins ; an elaborate stone edifice, on Carrolltou Ave., opposite Lafayette Square. REFORMED.— The Fikst, Calvert st, near Read, and Third, cor. Saratoga and Paca, are the chief. SWEDENBORGIAN.— Calvert st, near Chase. Weishampel's Baltimore Guide. 71 UNITED BRETHREN.— This German and English body has several houses of worship, the oldest of which is historical, having been erected by Rev. Wni. Otterbein about 1790, on Oouway st., near Hanover. It has a tower and bell, and still stands as a memento of the past. UNI VERS A LIST.— A commodious building, E. Bal- timore st., near Central Avenue. UNITARIAN. About 1817, the First Independent Church was erected on the corner of Charles and Franklin sts., by a society of Unitarians, Rev. Jared Sparks, pastor. The building, which is first independent church handsome and imposing, still remains in good preservation, bearing upon its front the inscription in Greek : "To the One God." (First Baptist Church, corner Shai-p and Lombard Sts., built 1817, demolished 1877.) 72 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. u Mouun not the dead — shed not a tear Above the moss-stained sculptured stone, But weej) for those whose living woes Still yield the bitter, rending groan. Grieve not to see the eyelids close In rest that has not fevered start; Wish not to break the deep repose That curtains round the pulseless heart. But keep thy pit;/ for the eye* That pray for night, yet fear to deep, Lest wilder, sadder visions rise Thau those o'er which they waking weep. Mourn not the dead, — 'tis they alone Who are the peaceful and the free J The purest olive branch is known To twine about the cypress tree. Crime, pride and passion, hold no more The willing or the struggling slave; The throbbing pangs of love are o'er And hatred dwells not in the grave. The world may pour its venomed blame And fiercely spurn the shroud-wrapped bierj Some few may call upon the name, And sigh to meet a dull, cold ear. But vain the scorn that would ofl'end, In vain the lips that would beguile; The coldest foe, the warmest friend. Are mocked by death's unchanging smile. The only signal that can tell Of peace and freedom won by all, Is echoed by the tolling bell, And traced upon the sable pall !" ELIZA Cook, GREENMOUNT CEMETERY. "Greenmount" was the name given to the country seat of Robert Oliver, on the northern limits of the city. Daring his life he spared no expense in adorning it, and left it at his death a most lovely spot. In 1838, it was purchased from his heirs by an association of gentlemen, for the purposes of a Cemetery, which was dedicated July 13. 1839. Revs. Drs. W. E. Wyatt and J. G. Hamner WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 73 performed the religious services; J. H. B. Latrobe, Esq., and Hon. John P. Kennedy participating with addresses. The first interment at Greenmount occurred December 27, 1839, that of an infant. The grounds are now cov- ered with monumental tombs and other adornments of respect and affection for the dead. This Cemetery, as well as the others we mention, is conducted with great attention to its requirements and care to preserve it from desecration. Many distinguished persons are interred within its walls. The mausoleum is of the Egyption order, sufficiently large to contain eighty bodies; it cost $3,400. The chapel is a Gothic structure of brown stone, with stained windows, and cost $30,000. The stone wall cost $60,000, and the gateway $10,500. The Cemetery is bounded by the York Uoad, Hoffman, Ensor sts., and North Ave. Strangers from abroad can obtain admit- tance generally, through the week, on application at the office, 6 E. Lexington St., or at the gate of the Cemetery. The general rule is not to admit any person (especially on Sunday) unless in company with a lotholder, or one of his family, with a ticket. Here are seen hundreds of the most costly and sculptured monuments reared by affection, and sometimes ostentation, to the memory of departed relatives. Interspersed are plainer tombs and smaller head-stones. Among the most noticable graves in Greenmount, are those of Gen. Wm. H. Winder, defender of Baltimore in 1812-14; Maj. Sarn'l Ringgold, killed by a wound received in the battle of Palo Alto, Mexico, in 1845 ; Ferguson, the heroic Mayor of Norfolk, Va., who died, while administering to the sick, during the yellow fever, some years ago; Junius Brutus Booth, the tragedian, father of Edwin Booth ; Commodore Lynch, explorer of the Red Sea, in 1848; Johns Hopkins, the millionaire; Thomas Wilaey, founder of Odd Fellowship in the United States; Richard Fuller, the eminent Bap- ?4 WeishampePs Baltimore Guide. tist preacher; John McDonogh, the philanthropist, J.W. Garrett, President of the B. & 0. Railroad, Tho. Winans, the railway contractor, and many other public citizens, honored and famous in Baltimore, during the past fifty years. BALTIMORE CEMETERY. This commodious burial place was opened about 1850. It lies in the northeast corner of the City limits, at the terminus of the Gay Street line of cars. It is on high ground, comprises about 100 acres, overlooking the City. It contains many handsome tombs, and is becoming more and more beautiful as a city of the dead. Office, 8 South Street. LOUDON PARK CEMETERY. This Cemetery is located west of the City, comprising about 100 acres, on the Frederick Road. From sev- eral points the City and Bay can be overlooked. There are, among the tombs, several life-size figures of the Sav- iour and Gabriel, embossed and figured urns, executed in the finest marble, by W. H. Rhinehart, beside other fine marble work. Office, 229 N. Charles st. MOUNT OLIVET CEM ETERY, located on the Fred- erick Road, 2 miles west of the City Hall. WESTERN CEMETERY, situated about half a mile from the City on the Ellicott's Mills Road. MOUNT CARMEL CEMETERY, Office, 187 South Broadway. LAUREL CEMETERY, Office, 18 Courtland Street. ST. PETER'S CEMETERY, west of the City limits. Also, the following: Laurel, Holy Cross, Hebrew, Lorraine, Friends', Cedar Hill, Bonnie Brae and Crema- tion Cemeteries. (See Directory.) Weiskampel's Baltimore Gtiide. J4UMANE j^TITUTIOj^. Rek ! tender Pity comes — at her conrol Drops the big tear ;in«l melts tlie stubborn sniil. Hene-" rose yon pile, where sickness tiinls relief, Where lenient care allays the weight ol grief; Yon spacious roof, where hushed in calm repose, The drooping widow half forgets her woes; Yon calm retreat, where screened from every ill The helpless orphan's throbbing heart lies still, And finds delighted in the peaceful dome A better parent and a happier home." m English Poet. Tfiis City has a great number of public and private institutions for humane purposes — so many indeed, that we cannot name them all here. But our list will show a scope of generous and well directed effort sufficient to elevate the reputation of any community, and we can but feel justly proud to record it. BAY VIEW ASYLUM. The Bay View Asylum, erected in 1866 for the paupers of the City, is the first prominent building that strikes the eye of the traveler as he approaches the City on the Philadelphia Kailroad, and of the voyager entering the harbor. It is situated upon a hill high enough to ren- der it conspicuous for many miles. Some $700,000 have been expended on the premises, and every modern appli- ance afforded to render the Asylum and its grounds equal to the best. The wings and centre building give an ag- gregate front of 714 feet, whilst it is three stories in height, including the basement. It is built of Baltimore brick of excellent quality, has a massive entrance of gran- ite with a roof and entablature supported by large fluted columns, and presents an imposing appearance. One striking feature of the interior is the main hall of the principal story, which extends the entire length of the structure, is of unusual height, and supplied with tassel- 76 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. lated marble flooring. This hall, as well as those above it, communicates by spacious doorways to nearly all the principal rooms, and thereby contributes much to the ventilation, a very desirable feature in so large a building. The principal arrangement for ventilation is a large stack of brick, the foundation of which is on a level with the superstructure, while the top ascends above the roof* thereby passing a continual current of air. The top of the cupola rises to a height of 184 feet, the base is 100 feet above tide-water. Architect, John W. Hogg* Seven millions of brick were used in the work. The grounds consist of forty-six acres. Water is con* veyed from Mt. Koyal Reservoir, a distance of five and a half miles, at an expense for pipes, &c, of over $65,000. Permits for visitors must be obtained from the Trustees. Bay View Asylum. "WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide* 77 From the Reports of the Trustees we learn that about 2,500 persons are annually admitted to Bay view, about one-half of whom are of foreign birth, one-fourth natives of Baltimore, and one fourth from other parts of the IT. S., and about one-fourth the number are colored. A large number suffer from disease and debauchery and are treated by competent physicians. Three- fourths are ad- dicted to the use of intoxicating liquors. The annual average of inmates is from 800 to 900. About 50 males and 100 females are insane. The births are annually about 60; deaths 200. The annual expense is over $70,000, or about $80 per annual average for each pauper. Of the number admitted about three-fourths are between the ages twenty and fifty years. More than one-half are males, about one-thirtieth are children under ten years. About $25,000 worth of work is done by the inmates. Over 900 tons of coal are burned. Nearly 1,500 barrels of flour are used, also about 1,000 lbs.-tea, 5,000 lbs. cof- fee, 1,700 lbs. tobacco, 133,000 lbs. meats, 22,000 lbs. sugar, 7,500 lbs. soap, 680 gallons molasses. HOUSE OF REFUGE. The House of Refuge for vagrant, vicious and incorri- gible children of both sexes, was opened in 1855, and has been highly successful in reforming many young people who might otherwise have been entirely lost to virtuous society. The average number of inmates is about 300. Since 1873 they have been restricted to hoys only. The courts and magistrates have power of commitment. The 78 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. inmates are subject to disciplinary regulation, and every effort made to improve their character. Trades are taught, and a common school education provided by competent instructors. The buildings are of stone, massive and extensive, with several acres of ground attached, and are located west of the City, near the Frederick Road, and reached by the Oatonsville Passenger cars. The expen- ses are jointly paid by the City and State and the labor of the workshops. Religious instruction is given by voluntary teachers on Sunday. FEMALE HOUSE OF REFUGE. This Institution was organized in 1866 and located in the County. The object is to reclaim vicious and un- manageable girls and to educate and train them morally. In 1873, the girls were transferred from the House of Refuge for male and female, to this House. Since then* a fine property has been secured in Baltimore City, and is now occupied ^s a State Institution. Rev. Dr. Frank- lin Wilson, and other prominent citizens of Baltimore have been the chief organizers and support of this Insti- tution, for particulars of which persons may address the Superintendent, corner of Carey and Baker Sts. MOUNT HOPE RETREAT. This Retreat for the insane is on the Reisterstown Road, four miles from the City. It has a front of 76 feet and depth of 160 feet, and is six stories high. There is every convenience for the comfort of patients. The grounds about the building are beautifully located. MARYLAND PRISONERS' AID ASSOCIATION. Incorporated 1873. Its object is to reach the heart and will of prisoners and convicts in jails, penitentiaries and almshouses, while undergoing sentence, and when they are discharged, to aid them to employment and a WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 79 life of honesty. This society is accomplishing a truly Samaritan work and deserves encouragement. Donations and subscriptions received, address SOCIETY FOR IMPROVING THE CONDITION OF THE POOR. This Association was organized in 1849, by a number of benevolent citizens. Its object is to discourage indis- criminate almsgiving, street begging, pauperism and idleness; and to elevate the moral and physical condition of the indigent and, so far as compatible with these ob- jects, the relief of their necessities. The aim is to aid the poor — not to support them. The agents visit, and see for themselves, the needs and condition of applicants for relief, ere they relieve them. Those who are found really unable to support themselves, are aided at once with what they most need, either fuel, food, clothing or medicine. They do not expend the bounty of the char- itable upon imposters, but they see that the money so freely and trustfully given, is worthily bestowed and its merits not lost to the really necessitous, by being expend- ed upon those who are able to live without it. Every year a large amount is distributed in the shape of fuel, food and clothing, among poor families, comprising thousands of persons. This relief is raised by voluntary contributions. Main office, Y. M. C. A. Building. THE BALTIMORE MANUAL LABOR SCHOOL, The Farm School is located about 7 miles from the City on the Washington Turnpike, and includes a farm of 140 acres. It is an Institution designed for the raising and education of poor boys between 5 and 15 years, who are taught trades, and are cared for until the age of 21, unless otherwise arranged. It was organized about 1840, and has been of great benefit to the class for which it wa.s designed. 80 WeisliampeV s Baltimore Guide. MARYLAND INSTITUTION FOR INSTRUCTION OF THE BLIND. "But chief of an, O, loss of sight! of this I most complain Light, the prime work of God, to me extinct. And all her various objects of delight Annulled, which might in part my griefs have eased Inferior to the vilest now become Of man or worm. The vilest here excel me, They creep, yet see; I dark in light, exposed To daily fraud, contempt, abuse and wrong; Within doors or without, still as a fool, The power of others, never in my own, Scarce half I seem to live, dead more than half. O, dark, dark, dark! amid the blaze of noon. Irrecoverably dark ! total eclipse I Without all hope of day I " Milton- This Institution has about fifty pupils. It has met with success since its incorporation in 1853, and has a beautiful and extensive building on North Avenue, near Charles street, erected at a cost of $140,000. The in- mates of the Blind Asylum at Washington, D. C, Avere transferred to this place, along with many valuable books and apparatus to facilitate the education of blind per- sons. There are stated hours when visitors are admitted to view the progress made by the students. THE BALTIMORE ORPHAN ASYLUM. This is a large and commodious building on Strieker street, near Lexington, in a high and healthy part of the City, affording accommodation for 100 boys and 200 girls, with a play ground attached. It was founded in 1801, for the education and maintenance of poor orphan child- ren under nine years of age. The management of this humane work has been carried on principally by the ef- forts of a number of well-known, noble-hearted women, aided by donations from the charitable. A contribution of $50 will constitute a life member; $10 and $5 will constitute grades of annual membership. The Institu- tion is open on Thursdays and Fridays to visitors, from 2 to 7 P. M. Weishampel's Baltimore Guide. 81 UNION PROTESTANT INFIRMARY. UNION PROTESTANT INFIRMARY. The object of this Institution is to provide "a Christian asylum for the reception of the sick and suffering, where they may receive kind nursing and skilful medical treat- ment, at reasonable rates, or gratuitously, as circum- stances may require, and may enjoy the privilege of reading the sacred Scriptures, and the consolation of Protestant religious instruction." Corner of Mosher and Division sts. HENRY WATSON CHILDREN'S AID SOCIETY. No. 72 N. Calvert Street, near Pleasant. This truly benevolent Society is prepared to receive, clothe, feed and protect children, coming from any part of the City or State, between the ages of 8 and 15 for boys, and 8 and 13 for girls. No children are refused, if coming within the specified age, and they are not only fed, clothed and cared for, while at the "Home," but are looked after, visited frequently and properly prote:ted after suitable places have been secured for them in the country. The agent of the Society often visits the country, taking children, who have arrived at the proper age, to suitable §2 Weishampefs Baltimore Guide. hdiiles vVhich have been found far tluni, and where they may be trained to useful employments, and have the op- portunity to become in after life honorable members of the community. McDONOGH FARM SCHOOL. This philanthropic institution for the education and training of poor boys, and founded by the late John McDonogh, (see page 50,) is located near Pikesville, five miles from Baltimore, on the Western Maryland Railroad. There are about fifty boys in charge. The buildings are suited for the purpose, with ample grounds. THOS. WILSON SANITARIUM FOR CHILDREN. Located on a farm of 147 acres near the McDonogh School Farm. It is about 573 feet above tide, with a diversified woodland and meadow prospect. Gwynn's Falls passes through, and numerous springs furnish water. For sick children and their mothers, during the heat of summer, this location is most eligible. Office in City Hall. JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL. This Institution is located on Broadway, between Monument and Jefferson streets. It comprises a niass of buildings artistically arranged for symmetrical archi- tectural effect, and containing within its walls the latest appliances of art, science and medicine, for the reception and treatment of the sick, and the cure of disease. No hospital in the world has superior arrangements for the accomplishment of its humane purposes. Under certain wise regulations, the Hospital is free to all, that it may extend the widest reach of benefit to suffering humanity, without regard to creed or color. SPRING GROVE INSANE ASYLUM. In 1798 the Maryland Hospital for the Insane was founded, and in 1880 it was removed, to make room for Weishampel* s Baltimore (ruide. £3 the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Some year ago a tract of land was bought near Catonsville and a new and com- modious granite building was erected, at a cost of about $400,000 appropriated by the State. To this building the corporation of the old Maryland Hospital was at- tached, and under new and improved surroundings forms one of the landmarks of a humane civilization. The medical attendance is of the best. Access may be had by the Catonsville railway. For enquiries, address the faculty. AGED WOMEN'S HOME, AND AGED MEN'S HOME. Two separate buildings on the corner of Fayette and Calhoun sts., Franklin Square. Thpse in- stitutions are designed to supply comfortable homes to a limited number of persons at a moderate cost. HIBERNIAN SOCIETY. Formed in 1810, for the purpose of affording relief to needy Irish emigrants. Incorporated in 1818. Under the direction of this Society is the Oliver Hibernian Free School, founded and en- dowed by the late John Oliver. 4G£ HO"* 6 There are many other distinctively humane and beneficial So- cieties, which for want of room we cannot describe. We name some of them. Boys' Home— 82 N. Calvert. Charity Organization Society — Room 12 Wilson Building. , Female Christian Home — 410 N. Greene. German Orphan Asylum — Aisquith near Orleans. General German Aged People's Home— Baltimore and Payson. Girls' Home— 327 N. Calvert. Hebrew Orphan Asylum — Calverton Heights. Home for Boys — Druid Hill Av. and Townsend, Hospital Relief Association of Maryland — 325 Park Ave. Home for Incurables — Guilford Avenue and Second St. House of the Good Shepherd — Mount and Hollins. Home for the Aged (M. E. Church)— Fulton ave. and Franklin. Indigent Sick Society— Meets at 113 N. Charles. Johns Hopkins Colored Orphan Asylum — 517 W. Biddle. Kelso Home, for Orphans of M. E. Church— 1017 E. Baltimore. 84 WeisTiampeVs Baltimore Guide. Little Sisters of the Poor — Preston and Valley. Shelter for Aged and Infirm Colored persons — 515 W. Biddle. Society for Protection of Children — 408 Conrtland. St. Mary's Female Orphan Asylum — 111 W. Franklin. St. Joseph's House of Industry— Carey and Lexington. St. Mary's Home for Colored Boys— 237 W. Biddle. St. Patrick's Orphan Asylum— 1707 Gough. St. Vincent's Infant Asylum — Townsend and Division. St. Vincent de Paul Orphan Asylum— 112 N. Front. St. James Home for Boys — High and Low. Thos. Wilson Fuel Saving Society— Office, 301 N. Charles. Young Women's Christian Association — 221 N. Liberty. HOSPITALS, INFIRMARIES AND DISPENSARIES. Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, 625 W. Franklin. Baltimore University, 35 N. Bond. Church Home and Infirmary, Broadway near Fairmouut Ave. City Hospital, Calvert and Saratoga. City Hospital for the Insane, Eastern Ave. ext. Hebrew Asylum for the Sick, Monument and Ann. Hospital for Women of Maryland, 150 W. Townsend. Hospital Good Samaritan, 1501 McCulloh Office 301 N. Charles. Maryland General Hospital, 809 Linden Ave. Maryland Hospital for the Insane, Office, 120 E. Lexington. Maryland Women's Hospital, 112 E. Saratoga. Maternite, (Lying-in Asylum), 113 W. Lombard. Nursery and Child's Hospital, Schroeder cor. Franklin. Presbyterian Eye, Ear, Throat Charity Hospital, 1007 E. Balto. St. Agnes' Hospital, Maiden Choice Road, Carrollton. St. Joseph General Hospital, Caroline and Hoffman. St. Vincent Hospital, Wilkens Ave. near Maiden Choice Road. United States, Hosp. (Marine), Remington Ave. near Railroad. University Hospital, Lombard and Greene. University of Maryland, Dental Dept., Lombard and Greene. Uni/ersity of Md., School of Medicine, Lombard and Greene. Woman's Medical College, 510 K Eutaw. WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 85 ^JV[l£CELLANEOU£ ]Jj^TITUTION£ YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. Young Men's Christian Associations had their origin in Lon- don, England, in 1841, through the efforts of a young man named George Williams. He was one of eighty clerks in a large estab- lishment, and as a christian, saw his opportunity for usefulness. Through his example and entreaties many of his fellow clerks became christians, and in their turn endeavored to do good to others. A small society was formed June G, 1844, which was greatly blessed. Thence the good work spread over England to America. The first similar society here was organized in Mon- 86 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. treal, in 1851. Others were begun in New York, Baltimore and all our chief cities and towns, until now they number over eight hundred. The Baltimore Y. M. C. A. has accomplished much good. Its primary object is to gather young men, both resident and stran- gers, for the purpose of religious instruction ; incidental to this, it seeks to provide employment for the destitute, afford rational amusement during hours of relaxation, and generally to counter- act the temptations and troubles to which young men are exposed, especially in a large city. Within the past few years a number of liberal citizens have contributed large sums to provide a building for the headquarters of this Association, which has been erected on the eminence corner of Charles and Saratogi sts., and is one of the most prominent edifices in the city. It has a frontage of 130 feSt on Charles street and 189 feet on Saratoga street. It has suites of library, office and committee rooms, a grand audience chamber, gymnasiums, etc. We inviteevery citizen and stranger to visit this Hall and aid or participate in the benevolent objects of the Association. MASONIC HALL. The Masonic Orders have a large and influential membership, with many lodges in the City and State. The Grand Lodge of Maryland was formed by a deputation from the several lodges of Ancient "Sork Masons in Maryland, at Talbot Court House, April 7, 1787. A Hall was built on St. Paul St. in 1822, which was used as a meeting place for the City lodges until 1870, when the present large Temple was erected on Charles St., at a cost of $400,000. It is adapted to the requirements of the fraternity, and contains also one of the largest and finest halls in the city for public concerts, lectures and festivities. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. Johns Hopkins, a merchant of Baltimore, and a member of the Society of Friends, who died Dec. 24, 1873, aged 79 years, left a fortune in stocks, land, &c , of about ten millions of dollars — $3,500,000 of which he devised for a University, a like sum for a Hospital, and other sums to special charities and relatives. These trusts were committed to a selection of responsible persons to ful- fill. The above named sum is the largest ever bequeathed in this country by any one person for the endowment of an institu- tion. The University was organized in 1876, and is now advan- cing to a foremost position among the great educational institu- tions of this country. Its scope is wide, comprehending every department of science and philosophy, "including some elsewhere neglected," and "the most liberal promotion of all useful knowl- edge." It is located in commodious buildings on Howard street, opposite Centre, where the public are admitted, at times, to Lec- tures on special topics, and to the Library, which now numbers 15,000 volumes. The corps of Professors comprises men of distinguished reputation. WeisJiampeV s Baltimore Guide. 87 PEABODY INSTITUTE. The name of George Peabody has be- come familiar as that of a benefactor of his race. He was born in Massachu- setts, but resided for many years in Baltimore, where he rose to fortune in a mercantile business. He then re- moved to London, England, and ac- quired reputation as a banker. He de- voted his wealth largely to humane purposes during his lifetime. His na- tive place received much from his hands, and the deserving poor of London have cause for gratitude to his provident wisdom in the construction of good homes at low rents. But what brings oeoeqe peabody. hi* name into daily mention in our City, is that, in addition to his splendid endowment for Educa- tion in the Southern States, he founded the Institute bearing his name. In 1857. he presented the sum of $1,240,000 for the pur- pose of establishing this institution, to foster Art, Science and General Knowledge by means of a Free Library of rare books, a Gallery of Art, Schools of Drawing, Painling and Music, and an Annual Course of Lectures. Noble buildings of marble and brick have been erected at Mt. Vernon Place, comprising all the departments for this grand design. The Institute was founded in 1865, and is now fully entered upon its career. The Library Hall has space for 300,000 volumes. At this time it ^se-a contains 75,000 and valuable. works, to be increased annually, V ;r comprising all branches of know- ledge, science, art, antiquities, J history, travels, heraldry, poetry, religion, law, medicine, biography, philosophy, etc. The library is for reference only, therefore no books may be taken from the room. Open free, daily from 9 a.m. to 9 p. m. The Art Galleries are spacious, containing many objects of in- terest, among which we name casts of the celebrated Frieze of the Parthenon, ?60 feet in length and 3 feet 4 inches wide, being all thatis preserved of this the largest single piece of sculpture re- maining from antiquity. It represents a Grecian festival, com- prising hundreds of figures in relief. It was copied from the El- gin marbles in the British Museum. There are numerous statues from the antique, Rinehart's statues of "Clytie," and Chief Jus- tice Taney, a bronze copy of the Ghiberti gates of the Baptistery at Florence, Michael Angelo's David, busts, paintings, etc. Free to visitors. 88 Weishampel's Baltimore Guide. State Normal School. STATE NORMAL AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS Telche^Th^Tc? 1 ? f°-?l" ta inten ^ fl f ^ the instruction of is lorS flt T T he f ele f' in i buildin S T erected b y th e State for this use, is located at Lafayette Square. It cost $1 .10,000. 130 of «n Jr^ Ch °t S were ° ri S in ^d in 1829, and now number IdO of al grades Many of the school buildings are ornamental cSS^X^ ma ^ H ^ Sc ^ lB andth ^ Baltimore City college tor boys. The latter is a grand edifice of brick and marble, costing $100,000 on Howard St., near Centre Our free educational system costs the State about $600,000 a year Weishampet s Baltimore Guide. MARYLAND INSTITUTE. This building was erected by the members of the "Maryland Institute for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts." It is built "ver the Centre Market, and is 355 feet long by 60 wide. For many years the main hall has been used for fairs, conventions lectures, &c, 6,000 people sometimes assembling within. Total cost, $100,000. Completed in 1854. The Society carries on its work through Art School, Library, Lectures, and occasional ex- hibitions of mechanical and industrial pursuits. CHAMBElt OF COMMERCE. The Corn and Flour Exchange was organized in 1853, and oc- cupied a building on Bowly's wharf for several years. In 1882, the handsome structure on Holliday and Second Sts. was erected. It is of granite, brick and iron, four stories high and very com- modious. It is the centre of a large traffic in grain, etc. THE ATHENiEUM. This new building, on the corner of Charles and Saratoga Sts., contains the appurtenances of the Mercantile Library Association and the Historical Society and the Maryland Academy of Science. The Maryland Historical Society has in possession about 5,000 volumes on the history of States and Cities, biographies, etc.. in- cluding over 300 volumes of newspapers, some of the earliest is- sued in Maryland, with hundreds of rare manuscripts, paintings, drawings, maps, coins, medals, &c. Among the portraits are those of Jerome Bonaparte and Miss Patterson and other celebra- ted characters. 90 WeisharnpeV s Baltimore Guide. ODD FELLOWS. This Order, of English origin which had its first beginning in '-^ the United States, in this city, in Y 1819, now numbers thousands of members and numerous Lodges. Thos. Wildey, the founder, lived |i| and died here, and a monument his memory is erected on The Hall on Gay street is an extensive building with a massive tower. It contains all the rooms and paraphernalia necessary to the Order, also a fine library of many thousands of volumes, and a grand saloon in which levees and other public meetings are held. g^ Broadway. THE CENTENARY BIBLICAL INSTITUTE. This admirable Institution for the promotion of education among the Colored race, is located on the corner of Fulton and Edmondson avenues, with a branch Prepaiatory School in the building No. 105 Saratoga street, and another Branch School at Princess Anne, Md. This was founded in 1867, and has grown from a class of nine with one instructor .into a thoroughly equipped Theological, Classical and Normal School, with eleven competent instructors, and over 250 students. A large number of graduates are preaching and teaching with marked acceptability. Four of them are members of the Faculty. The Institute -has a library of over 1,000 volumes, a museum containing numerous and very interesting specimens, and also a laboratory with con- siderable apparatus, and all the buildings are furnished with modern school appliances. The entire property is valued at about $50,000, one-half of which sum has been contributed by WeisliampeVs Baltimore Guide. 91 Rev. John F. Goucher, D. D. The expense of conducting the schools is about $10,000 a year, which is chiefly contributed by the churches and liberal citizens. Strangers will find this ben- evolent Institution well worth a visit, as it furnishes an agreeable surprise to all who first view its handsome main structure and internal work. ENOCH PRATT FREE LIBRARY. In 1882, Mr. Enoch Pratt, a merchant of Baltimore, gave to the city nearly a million of dollars on conditions which were subse- quently complied with, to secure an annuity for the maintenance of a Free Library. The necessary legislation, as well as the vote of the citizens of Baltimore, ratified the designs of the founder. Mr. Pratt appointed trustees to manage the library. He built a marble home for the library on Mulberry street, near Cathedral street, 81 by 140 feet, intended' to be thoroughly fire-proof. The style of architecture is Romanesque. A tower 98 feet high rises from the centre of the facade. The front is lighted by large win- dows and ornamented with allegorical sculpture. The building has room for 200,000 books and 250 readers at a time. Mr. Pratt has also erected four branch libraries in other parts of the city. 92 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. CITY HALL. TheCity Hall was founded Nov. 11, 1866, and finished in 1875. Architect, G. A. Frederick. The ground and old buildings cost $137,237, the total expense of the building was $2,271,000. It occupies an entire block, bounded by Holliday, North, Lex- ington and Fayette streets, length 225 feet, breadth 140 feet. The space covered by the building is 29,000 square feet. The edifice is on the Rennaissance style of architecture, well broken and relieved. The plan consists of a centre wing four stories high, with man- sard roofs. The exterior fronts are faced with Baltimore county marble. The design is well divided and elaborated, relieved by projecting pilasters, columns and arches to the windows, which, with cornice, balustrades and parapet, making the different sto- ries, give an effect of magnificence to the whole. The centre wing is surmounted by an iron dome and lantern, on a base of marble. The extreme height of the dome from the ground to the finial is 260ft.; it has a circumference of 170 ft., and is divided by Corinthian columns and arched windows ; 650 tons of iron were required in its construction. About 250 feet above ground, at the base of the lantern, a projecting balcony offers a view of the city which well repays the toil of mounting the stairs which lead to it. Located in a central, depressed part of the city, there is scarcely any point from which the dome of the City Hall cannot be seen. At the base of the dome there is a clock, five feet six inches in diameter. Every department in the building is furnished with clock dials, and all are worked by electricity from the dome clock. In the lantern, hangs "Big Sam," the town bell, weighing 5,000 pounds, cast by .Joshua Register, ofBaltimore, which strikes the hours and the alarm of fire by electricity. The stories are in height as follows : cellar, 10£ feet ; basement, 15 feet ; first story, 20£ feet; second story, 20| ; council chambers and large hall 35 feet. Four commodious stairways are located on each floor, on spacious and marble-tiled corridors. Each room is well lighted, heated by hot water, and ventilated by ducts. Each department is furnished with private dressing rooms and all modern conveniences, besides the liberal arrange- ments made for the public. Although a strictly fire-proof building, each department is fur- nished with secure vaults of large dimensions, lined with iron and steel. The building concentrates within itself all the municipal offices of the city. In the basement are the departments of the Water Board, Board of Health, City Commissioners, Inspectors of Build- ings and Gas, City Fire and Alarm Telegraph, Port Warden, and Board of Police. On the first principal story are the Governor's Rooms, the May- or's Department, City Register, Finance Board, City Comptroller, Tax Department, City Counselor, Commissioners of Parks, Har- bor, Public Schools, &c. WeishawpeVs Baltimore Ouide. 93 A magnificent Armory Room extends the entire length of the Lexington street front. Upon the occasion of military visits or for municipal or State receptions, this apartment is found specially available ; it is 35 feet high, 42 feet wide, and 140 feet long. On the second principal story are the First and Second Branch City Council Chambers, each 42 feet square, and 35 feet in height. These are furnished in the most elaborate manner in hard wood, with Corinthian pilasters, crowned by rich, fine gilt caps, sur- mounted by an elegant entablature, and decorated ceilings. On this floor are also the various Committee Rooms in connection with the Councils and City Library. The mansard rooms are used for the storage of Municipal Records, which have accumu- lated since 1797. There is a door on each side of the Hall, the principal entrance being on Holliday St., by a marble portico, with columns and capitals in the composite style. The entrance door is of bronze. NEW POST OFFICE. This edifice, erected by the United States Government, is a handsome ornament to the City, and forms one of the cluster of picturesque buildings in the centre of our business mart. Its lo- cation is on a square of ground between the Battle Monument and the City Hall. The site cost $500,000. The building is on the Rennaissance style, of great height and breadth, and comprises ample accommodations for all the necessities of a large post office, besides rooms for other departments of U.S. service.. The total cost of the building and lot is over a million of dollars. PIML1CO FAIR GROUNDS AND RACE COURSE. These Grounds are located about five miles northwest of the City Hall, on high ground, 427 feet above tide, and reached by the Western Maryland Railway, during the season of exhibition and races. 94: WeishamjjeVs Baltimore Giiide. THE DRY DOCK. The Dry Dock adjoins the parade grounds of Fort McHenry, on the north side. It is the next object of interest after passing the largest elevator. It is 473 feet long and 123 feet wide, built in a durable manner. All the requisite machine shops are on the grounds, for the repair of any vessel entering our port. PENITENTIARY AND JAIL. The Penitentiary is an old building, located on Madison street, near the Falls. Adjoining is the City Jail, a castellated structure of granite and marble, 400 feet long, and containing 300 cells. RAILROAD TUNNELS. The Tunnel of the Baltimore and Potomac Railro d is \\ miles long, under the northwestern bed of the City. It is laid with double tracks, required 1,230,000 cubic feet of masonry, 15,000,000 bricks, and cost $3,300,000. The Union Railroad Tunnel, under the northeastern section, is half a mile long, and with the road (which is a connection between the great lines) cost $2,000,000. RAILROAD DEPOTS. Baltimore & Ohio and Washington — Camden st. near Eutaw. Northern Central — Calvert and Franklin sts. Baltimore and Potomac— Calvert Station and Penna. Ave. Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore— President st. Western Maryland— Hilleu st., and Fulton Station. Drum Point— West and Ridgely sts. Maryland Central— North ave. and Oak st. UNION RAILROAD DEPOT. Connects with all the principal lines, located on North Charles St., near North Avenue, and occupying a great extent along the Fails. Entrance to the station is from Charles St. Travelers to New York, Pennsylvania or Washington may go from this point. See daily papers for special information. THE CITY PASSENGER CARS Run through all our principal thoroughfares, to all the parks, w iter- works, churches, markets, monuments and other ob- jects of interest. Fare five cents. City cars also run to Catons- ville, Towson and other suburban localities. Information of the routes may be had of any citizen or policeman. LOCUST POINT. This has long been known as a large shipping depot. The loca- tion has recently assumed increased importance. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad has established its terminus here, connecting with the Pniladelphia and New York lines. BANKS.— There are ab^ut thirty -five Banks, besides an equal number of private banking offices, open for business every day except Sunday, between 9 and 3 o'clock. WeishavtycV & Baltimore Guide. 95 Sun Office. LITERATURE AND NEWSPAPERS. Baltimore docs not claim Athenaic eminence, but has never received that meed of just consid- eration as a literary community to which she is entitled ; one reason of several being, that for- tuitous circumstances early developed the print- ing press .more rapidly in our Northern cities and gave to them advantages as literary centres over all competitors. Nevertheless, our City and State have always abounded with cultured writers. who as novelists, poets, essayists, editors, playwrights, lawyers and statesmen, have embel- lished much literature issued both here and else- where, and acquired a national reputation. The choicest as well as the lightest reading of the world has always met with a proportionate sale in our midst. There have been many books published in thiscity, covering law, science, medicine, theology and fiction. Numerous periodicals and papers have 96 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. appeared, flourished and perished, during the lapse of the century. On the shelves oftheHistorical Society will be found hundreds of volumes of newspapers. Niles' Register, the most popular, begun in 1811, continued for forty years, and is now hoarded in libraries as a valuable chronicle of contemporaneous history. Of the daily press, there are two notable exceptions of longevity: The Bal- timore American, founded in 1773, and The Sdn, founded in 1837 ; both dailies are now flourishing with remarkable success, and occupy on opposite corners, the finest newspaper establish- ments in the city. The other principal dailies at this writing, Weishampel's Baltimore Guide. 97 are the German Correspondent, Journal, News and Herald. The principal weekly journals are the American, Sun, Labor Free Press, Every Saturday, Telegram, Baltimorean, Wecker, Herald, Methodist, Baltimore Baptist, Episcopal Methodist, Presbyterian Observer, Catholic Mirror, and many other denominational and Trade journals. MARKETS. Our Markets are well known as stocked with every variety of produce and garden stuff, meats and game, from all parts, at prices as low as anywhere in the country. Horned cattle, sheep, hogs, poultry, butter and bacon come from the West ; pota- toes, butter, apples and ice come from the North ; milk, butter, eggs aud farm produce from our own State ; melons from south- ward, peaches from New Jersey and Maryland, early vegetables from Virginia and North Carolina, and tropical fruit from Cuba and Florida. Fish are abundant all the year— the most common are herring, perch, trout, taylor, (blue fish,) pike, mackerel, shad, sturgeon, halibut, eels, lobsters, turtles, crabs and oysters. The market houses are located as follows : Belair — Forrest, from Hillen to Orleans. Canton— O'Donnell, from Potomac to Patux- ent. Centre — Harrison St., from Baltimore to Pratt. Cross St. — From Light to Charles, between Cross and West. Fell's Point- Broadway, from Canton ave. to Thames. Hanover — Hanover and Camden. Hollins— Carrollton to Oregon. LaFayette— Cook, from Penna. ave. to Fremont. Lexington— Lexington, from Eutaw to Pearl. Northeastern— Chester, from Monument to McElderry. Richmond— Howard, from Armory Place to Biddle. THEATRES. HOLLIDAY ST. THEATRE— First erected of wood, in 1784, re-erected of brick in 1814 ; burnt down, Sept. 10, 1873, at 3 o'clk a.m.; rebuilt, and is now open in season. Location, opposite the City Hall. ACADEMY OF MUSIC— On Howard St., near Centre. A large first-class Opera House, costing $400,000. FORD'S GRAND OPERA HOUSE— Fayette near Eutaw. CONCORDIA— Opera and German Club House, Eutaw and German. FRONT— Front St., south of Gay. Besides the above, are other places of amusement. Lectures Concerts, Panoramas, Fairs, are held in the American Institute Masonic Temple, Peabody Institute, &c, &c. BOARDING AND LODGING HOUSES. There are innumerable restaurants and boarding houses, at all rates of cost, the character of which strangers can ascertain from respectable citizens or the police, who will always furnish infor- mation to enquirers. CaiTollton Hotfl. HOTELS. We name some of the principal ones only: Barnum's — Calvert and Fayette Sts. Carrollton— Light and Baltimore Sts. Eutaw House — Eutaw and Baltimore Sts. Mt. Vernon — Monument St. near Park. St. James — Charles and Centre Sts. Hotel Rennert — Liberty and Saratoga. Altamont — Eutaw Place. Guy's — 108 N. Calvert. Gen'l Wayne — Paca and Baltimore Sts. Howard House — Howard St., near Bait. Maltby — Pratt St., near Charles. Mansion — Fayette and St. Paul Sts. 100 WeisliampeVs Baltimore Guide. First Congregational Church. MISCELLANEOUS. Calverton Cattle Yards, on the Bait, and Potomac R. R., oc- cupy a tract on the west side of the City reaching from W. Balti- more St. to Franklin road, along a branch of Gwynn's Falls. Hotels, offices, pens, &c . afford facilities for a large traffic. Claremont Stock Yards, at the S. W. end of the City, along Gwynn's Falls, on the B. &. O. R. R. It comprises forty acres, with stables, pens, &c, to accommodate 4,000 head of cattle, 7,500 hogs and 10,000 sheep. Custom House — Gay and Lombard. Merchant's Exchange — Lombard, near Gay. Mount Clare Depot is the chief department of construction and repairs of the B. &. O. R. R., in which as many as 2,500 hands are sometimes employed. It covers a large space south of Pratt St., beginning at Poppleton. The Northern Central Depot is along Jones' Falls, between Mt. Royal Reservoir and the Park. e There are other public institutions, too numerous to particularize in a general and rapid survey as this. For business houses, con- suls, steamship lines, city officials, courts, etc., etc., see the City Directory, issued every year and to be seen in hotels and the stores generally. [C( •i] "West. Principal Streets running Not ill and South. NOHTH AVENUE, Eart. 888 OC t-ffl © ": © © t> .©C3^ OC^J lllllllli .- ^iiiiii 3 - 8 ■88 a o 88888 = L- cc c: 5 — c 5888888888 fc d © ' M ,m ^ a C UJT w w w 53 > o ££S,c:£-©ef > o3 < u©+-'?.o e3eti>-*oCa.S»-©^c330.'2 = a|3j; 8888 Ph ©US I S3?* fl^ © gJ • bo . istiiifiiSI 8888888^88888888883888 ; ?! ??-*L- CC ,-, ,- r- ,— ,— r- c : ?:?• ^T East Baltimore St. JOOBOOOOOQOt «iw<5occc c c: *> «o «c t- © O Q O O i SOCrrH BALTIMORE XPL AN ATIOX.— Charles Street divides the City into Enst ard West. We the leading Streets running parallel v. Ah it. G< ii - ; East, the tbers begin with Charles. (See 2nd page of cover.) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 00015311332