F 234 .R5 L68 Copy 1 THE REFORM ADVOCATE \ SYNAGOUE, RICHMOND, V.\ "Jews of Richmond" PUBLISHED AT 7 S. DEARBORN STREET CHICAGO LIBRARY OF CONGR 1457147 March 8, 1913 (lass _Z_2j5i£ ill ink PKI SI .YIKD IIY The Reform Advocate. B. A. BLENNER Representing: The Stearns, White, Chalmers, and Warren Cars New Show Room: 521 E. Main Streeet, Phone 888 RICHMOND, VA. Robert Ilackett & Company Fifth and l.jinnl Streets Architectural Galvanized Iron and Copper Work. Skylights Cornices, Bay Windoxvs, Finials, Ceilings, Corrugated Iron, Toncan Metal and Tin Roofing. JOB WORK PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO Phone Monroe 2089 Richmond, Va. * . M. SKI.ril, Secretary ami Treasurer. C. I". PA1 L, Vice President. GOVERNOR ST. SOUTHERN PIPE COVERING COMPANY, Inc. Sond vl T ASBE I'lpe and Boiler Coverings for all purposes, Asbestos Roofing, Asbestos Felts, Building: Papers, Steam Packing;, etc. Cold Stor- age Construction, Agents Cor Beai er Board, Devo Gaskets and Nonpariel < overings. Contract work executed at any point. T. L- Moore J. P. Harry Moore & Harry Carpenters and Builders Prompt attention given to all work Shop: 16 South Eighth Street Shop Phone, Monroe 186 Richmond J. A. McNickle J. J. McMahon Phone Monroe 597 McNi ckle & McM ahon Steam and \Hot Water Heating Power Plant Work— Plumbing and]J Gas Fitting. . . r^ General Pipe Fitters. 13 ■ 2 N. Eleventh Street. Richmond, Va. Huestis P. Cook Photographic Craftsman 913 East Main Street, Richmond, Va. Phone Madison 3441. PHONE MAD. 1640 A. ZACHARY, Prop. Agency Michigan "4 i7'ii Mutual Assurance Society of Virginia RICHMOND, VIRGINIA rhe oldest fire institution in the South appreciates your patronage in the past, and assures you that we will continue to use our best endeavors to furnish you the best protection from loss by fire at the lowest rates. < ibFICH: Society's Building Main and 9th Streets Edgar M. Andrews Electrical Contractor Repairer of Elevator Starters, Motors, Generators and Fans. Electrical Wiring of all Kinds Executed Promptly. Bells, Telephones Repaired and Installed. 12N. 12thSt., RICHMOND, Va. Phones: Day Madison 4012. Night Monroe 350 I3aker Clecteics ■■^< - Aristocrats of Motordom Pleasure and Commercial Cars Investigate the BAKER, the only Electric that offers proof of super- iority rather than mere claims. The Worth Electric Vehicle Co., Inc. The only exclusively electric garage south of Washington Richmond, Va. 2035-2037 West Broad Street Telephone: Madison 7060 The Reform advocate. EMIL G. HIRSCH, Editor CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. BI.OCH & NEWMAN. Publishers HISTORY OF THE JEWS OF RICHMOND Their Progress and Prospects By GASTON LICHTENSTEIN. At the close of the Revolutionary War a handful of lews lived in Richmond. The place itself was small, there being only a few thousand people altogether. It must be borne in mind that Williamsburg was the Capital of Virginia, at the outbreak of hostilities, and that Rich- mond had not yet become a town of importance. The assembly at St. John's church, in 1775. (when Patrick Henry made his memorable "Liberty or Death" speech i was held in Richmond because Williamsburg naturally did nut appeal to the patriots, as a place of safety. While the great struggle between England and the Colonies was at fever heat, a Hessian by the name of Joseph Darmstadt came to America and finally settled in Richmond, He was one of the first Jew- to make a notable place for himself in the life of the city, ft is strange to think that a despised Hessian, man) of whom were hired by England to fight the patriots, could settle in an American community (immediately after the Revolution t and become a respected citizen. Joseph Darmstadt was as well known for many years a- the market square on which he lived. I lis knowl- edge of German enabled him to trade with the Teuton farmer^ who had settled beyond the Blue Ridge, in the beautiful valley region. These sons of the Fatherland used to drive their wagons to Richmond, laden with the products of "the farm, the mill, the forest and the chase." Hi- social disposition brought wlr. Darmstadt into the best society. Early every morning, when the citizens went to market, he would have a large coffee pol bef '• his fireplace. On particularly cold, or wet. morni many of his friends partook of its contents, lie pre- pared the beverage himself. Judges, lawyers, doctors and merchants used to repair to this coffee house and gather the news from each other. Thus the happenings cf the community circulated from this agreeable centei to the several families. Joseph Darmstadt not only made a commercial success hut he also became a prominent Mason, lie was Treas- urer of the Grand Lodge of Virginia and the record; oi the order contain several references to him. ' >f the other Jewish inhabitants of Richmond, prior to the in- auguration of Washington as first President of the United States, probably the members of the firm of Cohen and Isaacswere besl known. It may be state 1 that their place of business was called "the Jews' store." This phrase is copied from a newspaper of the period and occurs in an advertisement. It did not imply viru- lent prejudice against them, as many readers may think, because Cohen and Isaac did a large business. In 1791, Isaiah Isaacsdeeded a piece of land to Jacob I. Cohen, Israel 1. Cohen. David Isaac* Moses Mord< Jacob 1. Cohen, Jr., Simon Gratz, Aaron Levi, Moses Jacob and Levi Myers, trustees, for a cemetery. Isaiah s t vho dee led the tract, was a member of the firm, ohen ami Isaac? lie is buried in the old cemetery, which a few years ago was reclaimed from decay. Its location, in the lower section of the city, oany Jewish tourists to pas- it by. However unsightly the surroundings today, owing to the shifting of the city's population, the landscape in 179] presented a different view. Jacob I. ( ohen was the partner of [saiah Isaac? He had no children hut his brother Israel J.'s sou. Jacob I. Cohen the Second, went to Baltimore from Richmond and his descendants live there at this writing. Jacob I. ohen tin- Second settled in Maryland, in 1803. He had left a city where the Jews were allowed to hold office and. being imbued with the Virginian's spirit of lib -et about to secure a repeal of Maryland's anti-Jewish laws. In 1825, a combined tight of the Jewish citizens >f Haltimore succeeded in repealing the obnoxious laws. man of action and won the honor of being elected b i the Baltimore l 'ity t Council. Twenty-nine heads of families appeared upon the r ister of the Congregation "Beth Shalome," at the time of its organization in 1791. The inhabitants of Rich- mond nail worshipped together, before this date, but the The Reform Advocate. official records of Beth Shalome began during the year 1791. These early papers were unfortunately destroyed in 1865. when the Confederates evacuated Richmond and the city was set on fire. As evidence of the ex- istence of a communial organization, prior to 1791, the address of the Hebrew Congregations of Xew York. Philadelphia, Charleston and Richmond, in 1790, to George Washington may be cited. This congratulatory- address to the Father of His Country and General Washington's reply are herewith appended: "The address of the Hebrew Congregations in the cities of Philadelphia, Xew York, Richmond and Charles- ton, to the President of the United States: "Sir — It is reserved for you to unite in affection for vour character and person every political and religious denomination of men, and in this will the Hebrew Con- gregations aforesaid yield to no class of their fellow- citizens. "We have hitherto been prevented by various circum- stances peculiar to our situation from adding our con- To this address the President was pleased to reply as follows : "Answer : To the Hebrew Congregations in the cities of Philadelphia, New York, Charleston and Richmond : "Gentlemen — The liberality of sentiment toward each other, which marks every political and religious denomi- nation of men in this country, stands unparalleled in the history of nations. "The affection of such a people is a treasure beyond the reach, of calculation, and the repeated proofs which my fellow citizens have given of their attachment to me and approbation of my doings, form the purest source of my temporal felicity. The affectionate expressions of your address again excite my gratitude and receive my warmest acknowledgement. "The power and goodness of the Almighty, so strong- ly manifested in the events of the late glorious Revolu- tion, and his kind interposition in our behalf, have been no less visible in the establishment of our present equal government. In war He directed the sword, and in Jewish Syn;,.' (Ffcnldin »nd RyUnJ Sl.J. Richmond, Va SYNAGOGUE. Franklin & Ryland Sts. gratulations to those which the rest of America have of- fered on your elevation to the chair of the federal gov- ernment. Deign, then, illustrious sir, to accept this our homage. "The wonders which the Lord of Hosts hath worked in the days of our forefathers have taught us to observe the greatness of His wisdom and His might through the events of the late glorious revolution; and, while we humble ourselves at His footstool in thanksgiving and praise for the blessing of His deliverance, we acknowl- edge you, the leader of American armies, as His chosen and beloved servant. But not to your sword alone is present happiness to be ascribed; that, indeed, opened the way to freedom, but never was it perfectly secure until your hand gave birth to the Federal Constitution and you renounced the joys of retirement to seal by your administration in peace what you had achieved in war. "To the eternal God, who is thy refuge, we commit in our prayers the care of thy precious life; and when, full of years, thou shalt be gathered unto thy people, 'thy righteousness shall go before thee,' that the Lord hath set apart the godly for Himself, whilst thy name and thy virtues will remain an indelible memorial on our minds. "For and in behalf and under the authority of the several congregations aforesaid. "Manuel Josephson." "Philadelphia, December 13. 1790." peace He has ruled in our councils. My agency in both has been guided by the best intentions and a sense of duty I owe to my country. "And as my exertions have hitherto been amply re- warded by the approbation of my fellow-citizens, I shall endeavor to deserve a continuance of it by my future conduct. "May the same temporal and eternal blessings which you implore for me rest upon your congregations. "G. Washington." This reply was preserved in the archives of Beth Shalome. The most valued probably, of many valuable documents, it shared the fate of the others in the evacu- ation 'fire of April, 1865. Beth Shalome congregation first worshipped in a building on Nineteenth street, be- tween Franklin and Grace, but within a few years a synagogue was built on Mayo street, in which the con- gregation held services for more than three quarters of a century. The Sephardic ritual was used, as the mem- bers clung to their old style of worship. They were so- called Spanish and Portuguese Jews. Their pulpit was occupied by men who afterward became well known and whose careers form a part of the history of American Judaism. .Among the names of those who officiated are those of Isaac H. Judah, Isaac Leeser, Jacques J. Lyon, Isaac Mendes de Sola, Henry S. Jacobs and George Jacobs. Isaac Leeser, translater of the Bible from Hebrew into The Reform Advocate. English, lived in Richmond with his uncle Zalma Re- hine, before he settled in Philadelphia. He read serv- ices at Beth Shalome and also indulged in literary work but Richmond offered too small a field for his energetic mind. He went to Philadelphia and began the publica- tion of the Occident, the first Jewish magazine to appear in America. It continued its existence for a number of years and was a worthy publication. In addition to its general literary features, social news also found a place now and then. Items from Richmond are scattered through the several volumes. Jacob Ezekiel, father of the famous sculptor Sir M>- scs Ezekiel, settled in Richmond during the year 1834. lie was a native of Philadelphia, having been born there in 1812. On his arrival he took an active part in the conduct of the affairs of Beth Shalome. lie was n it connected in a ministerial capacity bul liis services as an officer of the congregation deserve special mention. Soon after the War Between the Stales, Jacob Ezekiel went to Cincinnati and lived there until his death at the "QUARTERLY SESSION ( >F CHEBRAH AHABAT ISRAEL. "Richmond, Ya.. January 28th, 1841. "Present: Myer Angle, President, in the chair; L. Rosenfeld, Treasurer; J. Gotthold, Secretary; W. Fleish- man, First Deputy, and I. Rosenheim, Second Deputy, and the following members: Joseph Myers, E. Straus, A. Ancker, M. Wise, M. Mitteldorfer, Isaac Rosenheim, M. Fanduward, 1.. Rosenfeld, S. Rosenfeld. S. Rosen- fels, 1".. Rosenfeld, A. llirsch. Sandeck, H. Rosenfield. "After the business of the Chebrah was transacted, the members present expressed a wish to establish a sy- nagogue for German Israelite. After considering the matter, its was "RESOLVED, To establish a Synagogue for the Ger- man Israelites. "RES< )LVED, The President appoint a committee to lay before this Chebrah a plan how to accomplish this undertaking. The President appointed on this commit- (End of Hebrev \, i£iri mk** • ^HHt* if JvS llljStiin FM [iiHiM*'M| flt/UHJHlL Wm* i I \1 I I ERY, End of N. 5th St. advanced age of eighty-seven years. For many years, he served as Secretary of the Board of Governors, of the Hebrew Union College. Cincinnati. The German Jews, who first came to Richmond,, affi- liated with the congregation Beth Shalome and were kindly received by its members ; however, a difference in ritual prevented them from forming a fully sympathetic association with their Spanish and Portuguese brethren. In 1839, the German members organized a society known as the "Chebrath Ahabat Israel." and while this organi- zation was intended for social and charitable rather than religious purposes, yet on January 28th, 1841 ( after its short existence of two years), the members resolved "to establish a synagogue for the German Israelites." About the beginning of the nineteenth century Ger- man Jews began to settle in Richmond. During the early decades, there were only a few families. Myer Angle, first President of the Beth Ahabah congregation, married in 1821. His wife was a native Richmonder, which proves that the influx began early. As has been noted, a sufficient number of German Jews had settled in the Capital of Virginia to form an organization of their own, in 1839. This was the germ which later developed into Beth Ahabah. The new- comers from the Fatherland saw too main- differences in the Sephardic ritual to feel at ease with their co-reli- gionists of Spanish and Portuguese stock. Rev. Max J. Michelbacher preserved the records of the new organiza- tion by copying them, so that the full account of what happened in 1841 can be reproduced today. tee Joseph Myers, I. Rosenheim, S. Rosenfeld, and E. Straus, and, on motion, he himself was added to this committee. "Absent: M. Moonshine, Stem. Gerst, Oppenhei- mer, Jacobson, Harris, Guggenheimer, Lovenstein, i Signed i "Myer Angle. President. "J. Gotthold, Secretary." "CHEBRAH AHABAT ISRAEL. "Meeting February 14, 1841. 'The committee appointed at the last meeting to pro- pose a plan for establishing a Synagogue, reported the following : "(1) We have succeeded in finding a place, the house called the Seminarium, on Marshall street, between Fifth and Sixtli streets. The house is suitable for our purpose. "i 2 I The owner of the house, Fred. Anderson, told Messrs. M. Angle and Joseph Myers he would rent the house to this Society for a yearly rent of S225 for our purpose, and he would have the outside repairs done. "(3) The costs of the inside arrangement of the Sy- nagogue will be about $500, and we recommend that this amount be paid by free-will contributions of the mem- bers of this Chebrah. "(4) The committee laid a design of the arrangement and its estimate before the meeting, which was adopted by all present. "The meeting adopted all the committee had prop* and The Reform Advocate. The Northwestern's Record for 1912 Insurance written $160,045,000,- a GAIN of $22,512,140. Insurance in Force $1,229,378,000,— a GAIN of $82,104,000. Receipts $58,407,548— a GAIN of $3,871,094. Assets $297,764,038,— a GAIN of $12,188,819. Dividends to policyholders $12,906,810,— a GAIN of $303,483. From this statement it will be seen that the Northwestern's GAINS in the various items are larger than the TOTAL BUSINESS of a number of other companies. Concerning the Northwestern Mr. L. Z. Morris, one of the leading business men of Richmond says : "I have always regarded my insurance in the Northwestern as giving me the most satisfactory results." There is at present a vacancy in our Agency Corps for the City of Richmond, for which we will be pleased to receive applications. Address T. A. CARY, General Agent irginia and North Carolina 906 Times Dispatch Bldg. Richmond, Va. C. W. TOOMBS CO. manufacturers of Granite and Marble Monuments and Memorials of Every Description Our Carving is of the Highest Artistic Order second to none. Designs Furnished on Application. All Carving and Lettering done with the Pneumatic Tool, the latest and most improved Machinery. Phone Monroe 589 413 and 415 South Cherry Street, hollTOo'J'g.ate RICHMOND, VIRGINIA W. O. RNAPP, Manager Chester fi eld Motor Car Repair Shop Phone : Monroe 2828 924 West Broad Street RICHMOND, VA. The Reform Advocate. HEBREW CONFEDERATE SO RS ' I VIETERY. "RESl 'LVED, The house on Marshall street between Fifth and Sixth be rented and the committee have it ar- ranged as designed for a synagogue. i Signed i "J. < lotthold, Secretary. "Adjourned." "Meeting, April 10, 1841. "Present: M. Angle. H. Rosenfeld, Louis Rosenfeld, Stern, Rosenbaum, Straus, Oppenheimer, Fanduward, II. Rosenheim. E. Rosenfeld. Joseph Myers, Moonshine, Fleishman, A. Hirsh,, Mitteldorfer, S. Rosenfels, Isaac Rosenheim; J. Rosenheim, Secretary. "After hearing the report of the Committee on Ar- rangement of Synaogue, "RESOLVED, This Chebrah pay out of her own treasury the balance of all the expenses of the Syna- gogue and charge it to the congregation worshipping in this new Synagogue. The congregation was named ■"Beth Ahaba," (Hebrew title here I "house of love." President appointed Isaac Rosenheim, S. Rosen- feld. Joseph Myers, Samson Rosenfels. and E. Straus, a committee to report a constitution and laws for the government of this congregation. "The Synagogue was consecrated on May 15, 1841, Shabuoth, by the Rev. J. Gotthold, officiating as minister.*' Thus was Beth Ahaba brought into being. Its found- ers would have looked into the future with wondering eyes, if even a mental picture of the magnificent Temple on West Franklin street could have been presented to them. Rev. J. Gotthold, its first spiritual head, did not re main long with the congregation. He was rather a la) reader than a regular minister. \fter his departure Myer Angle read the services but the congregation needed a religious guide. The mi nbei iressed this need in a document, well worthy of preservation. It will be noted that the sons of the Fatherland wen attached to thi German language that they included its stud- gi her with that of English and religious sub- In short, a parochial school was to be established. The document follow "A number of the German Israelites, residing in id, see with deep sorrow that the I ion of their children is partially neglected, that the Religion of ■' forefathers is not taught to them in a manner to incul- cate into their tender hearts the moral and religious feel- ings, and that the) become not sufficiently acquainted with the history of their ancestors and thi ation of their religious ceremonies : "They are beside- desirous, that their children should tin a grammatical knowledge of the German lan- presenl they only lear i nine and ,\ ithi 'tit principles ; "They further think it highly important to obtain the ices of a Reader, who by his learning and m principles, will command the esteem of the congregation, whose Iciure- will he lessons of morality to young and old; "They therefore resolve to unite all their energies, and besides ask the good will of all in favor with their views. in order t > raise a sum sufficient to obtain the services of a Reader, who shall also be a teacher to their children in the elementary branches of an English education, in the German language, and the Religion of their fathers. The compensation ought to be commensurate with the task, and it is to he hoped that every member will act according i" the importance of the cause. The contri- butions are set down per annum, but will he collected three-monthly." Thirty-three name- were upon the list, which brought to a realization the views expressed above. The m ment for a parochial school began in January, 1846, and on the 1st of May, of the same year, Reverend .Max I. Michelbacher (called from Philadelphia), took charge of the congregation. For many years he gave his best efforts toward the uplift of the Jewish community, both in secular and religious matter-. When the War be- tween the State- was desolating the fair fields of Virgi- nia, Max J. Michelbacher perfoi tied dangei ius jour ne) - i ' comfort wounded Jewish ildii [< out Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederacy, and the various generals and sei dough- for the Jewish tro ips to attend ' ■ "ii the holy days. In this con- necti m, a letter from General Robert E. Lee brings one close to that stirring period : -DM Ql S. VALLEY MT.. 29 Aug.. 18 "Rabbi M. |. Michelbacher. I 'readier I [ebre ,\ ' ' mgregation, I louse of I .o\ e. Richmond, Va. : "Rev. Sir: "I have just received your letter of the 23rd hist., re- questing that a furlough from the 2nd to the 15th Sept., he granted to tic the Jewish persuasion in the ( '. S. Army, that the) may participate in the ap- proaching hoh services of the Synagogue. "It would give me great pleasure to comply with a re- quest so earnestl) urged by you. and which 1 know would he so highl) appreciated by that class of our diery. Rut the necessities >f war admit of no relaxa- The Reform Advocate. tion of the efforts requisite for it- success, nor can it be known on what day the presence of every man may not be required. I feel sure that neither you or any member of the Jewish Congregation would wish to jeo- pardize a cause you have so much at heart by the with- REV. M. J- MICHBLBACHEE REV. J. WECHSLER REV. DR. A. HOFFMAN REV. DR A S. BETTELHEIM REV. DR. A. HARRIS FORMER RABBIS OF "BETH AHABA." drawal, even for a season, of a portion of its defenders. I cannot therefore grant the GENERAL furlough you desire, but must leave to individuals to make their own application to their several commanders, in the hope that they may be able to enjoy the privilege you seek for them. Should any be deprived of the opportunity of offering up their prayers according to the rites of the Church, that their penitence may nevertheless be ac- cepted by the Most High, and their petitions answered. That your prayers for the success and welfare of our Cause may be granted by the great Ruler of the Uni- verse, is my ardent wish. "1 have the honor to be, with high esteem, "Your obt. servt., "R. E. LEE, Gen'l. Commd." Mrs. Miriam Michelbacher, widow of the rabbi, still survives her husband who went to his reward on Janu- ary 26th, 1879. She enjoys her old age, surrounded by a family of children and grandchildren. One of her (laughters, Zipporah married Sam Cohen (of the large lepartment store known as the Cohen Company). Mrs. Sam Cohen's biography will he found under the head- of Prominent Jews of Richmond. Charles Hutz- ler, who received his early education at the parochial liool, is the President of Beth Ahaba at the present time. His biography also appears elsewhere. In giving an account of activities relating to the con- gregations of Beth Shalome and Beth Ahaba, certain items of interest have necessarily been omitted. The thread of Richmond's history will be retraced to say- first of all that both Cohen and Isaac served in the American Army, during the Revolutionary \\ ar. They- earned thereby the lasting regard of their fellow citizens. Air. E. V. Valentine, the sculptor, has been collecting for many years a staggering mass of material, relative to the history of Richmond. He has gone patiently over the old newspaper files and, among other items, has jotted down all the references to the firm of Cohen & Isaac. His work will be valuable for research workers. in many ways, whenever it appears. Jewish citizens suffered, in common with their neigh- bors, when the terrible theatre fire of 1811 cast its- shadow over the city. This appalling calamity claimed! a number of Jewish victims. Monumental Church now -lands on the spot. In 1845. Emanuel Hunt died at the age of ninety-three. The former's funeral was attended bv the Governor of Virginia and other officials. Emanuel Hunt had saved a number of persons from drowning and Beth Ahaba honored him with a memorial tablet. Among the Richmonders who enlisted in the Confe- derate Army, Ezekiel J. Levy stands forth prominently. He was connected from youth with the old congregation, 1/ Lqi^emoriarq \V l|| I, ir'l Isaac Wasserman MYER ANGLE JOSEPH MYERS WM. FLEISHMAN' .1 GUNDERSHEIMER MOSES MILLHISER MOSES MITTELDORFER 10 STRAUS IX MEMORIAM. ISAAC WASfi"ERMAN* FORMFR PRESIDENTS OF "BETH AHABA." Beth Shalome, and served as its Secretary when the call to arms came. On April 21st, 1861, he enlisted and rose to be Captain of the Richmond Light Infantry Rlues, one of the oldest military organizations in the United States and one which today makes an impression wher- ever it goes. Captain Levy was born on September The Reform Advocate. 15, 1833. He attended private schools in the cit) and then became associated in business with his father. From the grade of fifth corporal, at the outbreak of hostilities, he was promoted gradually. I [e participated in the cam- paign in West Virginia in 1861, in the seven days' right around Richmond, in the battle of John's Island, S. C. ; the battle of the .Mine at Petersburg, and numerous other engagements. He was a member of the distinguished Levy family, which has furnished Richmond many pro minent citizens. William Flegenheimer, a native of < iermany who took part in the unsuccessful revolution of the late 40's, 'and ed in New York and came to Richmond ten years before Virginia left the Union. Being an unusually skilled pen- man, he was called upon to copy numerous documents, several of which have become historical. The Secession Convention employed him to engross the Virginia ordi- nance of secession. Mr. Flegenheimer also wrote the credentials of Mason and Slidell, the seizure of whom by a Yankee vessel almost brought on war between England and the United States. William Flegenheimer served a while in the Confederate Treasury Department. < hie of his daughters married Herbert T. Ezekiel, who has done considerable writing. A few years ago a history of the Jews of this city appeared in the Jewish Record. Mr Ezekiel, the author, gathered together a number of in- teresting incidents. At the close of the War between the States, a schism in the ranks of the German element took place and a new congregation, Beth Israel, was formed. It lasted for a few years and then the members returned to the parent fold. At the time of Beth Israel's dissolution, the fol- lowing gentlemen were its officers: President, Levi Hex- HJ* pL / ■ : h jftk B^^^^^^H V . * I \I'T. E. J. LEVY. ter; Secretary. William Flegenheimer; Treasurer, Selig- man Schwartz ; Trustees, Samuel Binswanger, Henry Wallerstein and Joseph Kirsh. Another Jewish element of the community, the de- scendant- of whom have played a big part in the life of Richmond, is that which formed the Keneseth Israel con- gregation in 1856. A large portion of its membership was gradually absorbed by Beth Ababa. Just as the Beth Shalome adherents lost their individuality, so has the original strength of Keneseth Israel been swallowed up in Beth Ababa's "melting pot." A fire crippled the efforts of the young organization, formed in 1856, and Beth Ahaba kindly offered its place of worship but the members of Keneseth Israel declined the offer. They lifted up a temporary synagogue and a Building Committee went to work, to arrange for the erection of a permanent structure. Philip Whitlock, whose biography appears elsewhere, was an energetic member of this committee. I lis brother. Herman served a- chairman. The other three gentlemen, through whose i fforts the building came into being, were: M. Kaufman, A. Hirshberg and Simon Lichtenstein, grandfather M the w riter of this hist >ry. On Wednesday, September 1st. 1869, the sacred edi- fice was dedicate! and continued as a place of divine \VM. FLEGENHEIMER worship mm! circumstances demanded a removal else- where. A programme, printed Ferguson and Rady, has been preserved and Line- the "< )rder of Service for the Dedication of the Synagogue of the Keneseth Israel Congregation on Mayo, near Broad Street." Then fol- low- a list of the officers: Daniel Abram. President; Philip Hirshberg, Vice-President; X. Greenwald, Secre- tary; M. Harrison. Treasurer: and 9. Henry, Isaac Jacob, M. Myer, Philip Whitlock, Trustees. The Build- ing Committee, already named, and the Committee oi Arrangements are also given. The minister was Rev. I.. lacoby. During the service. Reverend Max J. Michel- bacher offered a prayer and Reverend George Jacohf, oi Philadelphia, delivered the Consecration Sermon. The synagogue of Keneseth Israel today has 88 mem- bers. The organization possess a much changed per- sonnel but it retains the old 1 ks of the congregation, a few of which have survived the ravages of time. An incomplete copy of the minute- has been preserved. The officers are: Henry J. Colin, President; Vice-President, G. Bernstein; Secretary since January l c »00. Ab< I ohn; and Treasurer, S. Jacobson. One other organization must lie mentioned. This is the Sir Moses Montefiore Congregation, which came into being about twenty odd years ago. When Beth Ahaba moved into its magnificent new building, the orthodox organization secured the old edifice and are worshipping there at the present time. Sam Stern is the President and H. E. Hirshberg, Secretary, of the Sir Mom- Mon- tefiore ( Congregation. Perhaps many readers of Richmond's history would like to know when the old cemetery was abandoned and the Shockoe Mill burying-ground became the place of in- terment. At the formation of Beth Shalome (1791) by Jacob Mordecai, Joseph Darmstadt i one of the few Ger- man lews in Richmond prior to 1800). Samuel Alexan- der, Marcus Elcan, Zalma Rehine -uncle of Isaac Leeser 10 The Reform Advocate. C. F. BAUMAN L. W. HINES Bauman & Hines Electrical Contractors AGENTS FOR "Excelsior" and "Harley Davidson" Motorcycles House Phones and Bell Wiring of all Kinds Motors, Generators and Fans Furnished, Installed and Repaired on Short Notice. OUR SPECIALTY: Mazda, Tungsten and Car- bon Lamps. Electric Signs of All Kinds Built to Order. Day Phone Monroe 1836 Night Phone Madison 551 2-J 210 North Third Street Richmond, Va. Yon Can Always CotmtOn floors of guaranteed yresfimss JYom HAMMOND Vir^irarfsLai^estHorist RICHMOND — , and others, the cemetery problem loomed up large. \. i irdingly, in < Ictober of that year, Isaiah Isaac vested into the hands of certain trustees a portion of his garden. This burying ground was placed under the supervision and control of Beth Shalome and used as a place of bur- ial until the year 1816. \lnnii that time the walls around ilu cemetery had gotten into a delapidated condition and the members of the congregation being increased, it was thought to lie more prudent fur Beth Shalome to obtain a new burying ground than to incur the expense or rebuilding a wall around a place which was too small for the enlarged membership. Therefore, at a meeting of the congregation held mi the 18th of February, 1816, the following resolution was adopted: Resolved, That, Messrs. Benjamin Wolfe, Mandel Judah, and Samuel Myers, be appointed a committee to investigate the records of the Common Hall, concerning the appropriation of some ground that was laid off for bur; iunds, for the different religious societies some time back, and that they use their endeavors to obtain said ground Eor this congregation." \t a subsequent meeting, held on the 9th of June. 1816, Mr. Benjamin Wolfe, chairman of the committee, laid before those presenl tin- following ordinance: ".In Ordinance Concerning the Hebrew Society of Richmond. Passed May 20th, 1816. "lie it ordained, etc.. etc., I hal one acre of land, being a part "!' the land belonging to the city of Richmond, and lying upon Shockoe Hill, as laid off and designated in a plol of the -aid land, made by Richard N oung, Surveyor of the cit\ of Richmond, be and the same is hereby vest- ed in the Hebrew Society of the city of Richmond, called in Hebrew, "Ka Kadosh Beth Shalome." in English, "The Congregation for the House of Peace", to be by them held, and exclusively used as burying ground, sub- ject tu their rites and laws, for that purpose, and for that ali me." The land was accepted by the congregation. It has been added to and contains a Soldiers' Section. Jew- ish patriots, who fell in the War between the States rest within an iron enclosure, of martial design. When Beth Ababa was organized, an unpleasant controversy arose over interments. This dispute dragged a long time. Despite the bitterness engendered, few of the present generation are aware of Beth Shalome's trial of suffering. The old congregation claimed that they had exclusive right but would allow interments on the part of Beth Ababa, on certain conditions. The disagreement was settled, in 1865, by a mutually signed document. Of the modern history of Richmond, so to speak, the Jewish citizens have played a great part in it,- commer- cial development. The Cohen Company and \alheimer Bros., are well known establishments. L. /.. Morris, Ra- phael Lew. Dr. Chas. A. Labenberg, Brae 1 Stern. Sol L Bloomberg, and others, have become intimately asso ciated with the life of the city. In conclusion, a few words concerning .Mrs. Rosalie Held must be added. This old lady, the mother of Isaac Held whose biography appears in another column, came to Richmond in 1846. On the 4th of July of each year, she celebrates her birth- day, surrounded by her children, grandchildren, great- grandchildren, and friends. She will reach the advanced age id" ninety-four on next Independence Day. May she round out the century with the same amount of mental vigor as she displays now to her admiring friend-! The Reform Advocate. 11 THE JEFFERSON < Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Association. I lie Ladies' Hebrew Benevolenl Association lias been in existence since January. 1890. The first Jewish or- ganization of this kind w :ht into being through Max J. Michelbacher, father of Mrs. Sam Cohen who today directs with tireless energy and success the charit- able work of the Association. Before the advent of Rev. Mr. Michelbacher. charitable work had been carried on by societies of one sort or another, but he realized the necessity of drawing the Jewish women of the commu- nity into closer relationship. Accordingly, in 1889, the Ladies' Hebrew Association was formed The early organization served another purpose, in ad- dition to that of charity (which constitutes the raison d'etre of the Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Association). At that time it was purely beneficial. The members re- ceived a sick benefit and were otherwise assisted until the outbreak of the War between the States. From 1861 on. the funds were used exclusively for caring for the sick and wounded soldiers. Many a mortally wounded patriot offered up a fervent prayer for this noble organi- n .f Jewish women, who spent weary hours in min- istering to their comfort. After the close of the hostilities a reorganization took place, under the name of the Ladies' 1 [ebrew Bene- ficial Association. This second society, in addition to its beneficial features, added a fund for charitable purposes. The poor and needy were cared for. but not until 1800 when the beneficial feature was eliminated, did the or- ganization proceed along broad lines. Mrs. Sam Cohen stated in one of her reports, which was read before the Council of Jewish Women: "Each year has it striven to broaden its usefulness, until today it stands forth like a giant oak affording shelter to the poor and needy. Nor i- it necessary t into minute detail, or go through the various period distress, which from time to time have come in our midst. Suffice to say that no crisis has ,- >me upon us of which this organization has not been able to take of. and we have the satisfaction of knowing that our poor have been cared for as well, if nol than any in the community. We give each year one hund , Instructive \ " i ^i t ii i in the Balkans. Its members have made appropriations for a number of worthy causes. During the past Fall, a del- egation of Richmonders went to Norfolk, Virginia, and organized there a Junior Section. Irving May is Presi- dent and Rov Eichel, Secretary. Hebrew Home for the Aged and Infirm. The idea of establishing a home for aged and infirm Jews originated with Henry Hutzler, who received little encouragement for a long time; but, in 1888, his determ- ination was rewarded. About one hundred signed a call for organization in May of that year and, on September 30th, the Home for the Aged and Infirm came into ex- istence. Henry S. Hutzler was elected President: E. Z. Morris, Vice-President, and Charles Hutzler, Secretary- Treasurer. Despite repeated predictions of failure every obstacle was removed. From a small fund of less than a thousand dollars, in January. 1890, thousands upon thousands have been collected since for the support of aged persons. I. O. B. B. The Independent ( )rder of B'nai B'rith is represented in Richmond by Rimmon Lodge No. 68, with a member- ship of about one hundred and sixty. Great interest is being manifested at the present time and a campaign for increased numbers is being waged. Rimmon Lodge is represented on the executive committee of the Constitu- tion Grand Lodge by Dr. Edward M. Calisch as repre- sentative from District Grand Lodge No. 5, and on the general committee of the District Grand Lodge by Mr. Edwin L. Levy. The officers of Rimmon Lodge for the present year are: President, Harold S. Bloomberg; Vice-President, Samuel S. Rosendorf ; Assistant Monitor, M. L. Hof- heimer ; Monitor. Albert Schwartz: Secretary, Morton G. Thalhimer; Treasurer, Joseph L. Levy; Warden, J. Leo Levy ; Guardian, Alvin B. Hutzler. CAPITOL BUILDIXG. The Reform Advocate. 13 EDWARD N. CALISCH, PH. D. Dr. Edward N. Calisch, Rabbi of Beth \hahah gregation, has been spiritual head of the leading Jewish house of worship for more than twent; one fears. Ik- came to Richmond from Peoria, as a successor to Dr. A. Harris. His stay has continued through repeated elections and he has become so closel) identified with the life of the community, that his departure would not only be a distinct loss, but would leave a vacancy that would be very hard to fill. He was born at Toledo. Ohio, in June, 1865. While the Hebrew Union College was young ami on trial, as it were, he entered the institution. His matriculation took place in 1879, several years before the first graduates gational singing resulted in a volunteer choir, which now take- a permanent place among other organizations, con- netced with the house of worship. Dr. Calisch has de- clined calls to other communities. He attended the i u\ of Virginia, at Charlottes- ville, for three days a week, without interfering seriously with his Rabbinical duties, and received in the due course of time, both the much desired degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy. He ha- participated in many notable occasions, lie delivered the prayer at Mount Vernon on the centennial of the death of Washington ami has opened with prayer the House of Representa- tives, at Washington. Dr. Edward X. Calisch is a memher of the Executive Committee. I. O. 1'.. I'..: Vice-President of the Alumnal Association of the Hebrew Union College; member of DR. EDWARD NT. CALISCH. left the school. He received both the degree of B. L. and the title of Rabbi, in 1887. His seculiar education, leading to the above degree, was obtained at the Univer- sity of Cincinnati. It may be worthy of remark that he was the sole graduate, in 1887, at the Hebrew Union Col- lege. Dr. Calisch married Miss Gisela Woolner, in 18 f )0. and has three children, Harold, Woolner, and Edward X.. the second. After his arrival in Richmond, he labored successfully to bring the various activities of the con- gregation up to a high standard. As an orator, he im- mediately obtained great favor and fame. A great deal of his time was spent in Circuit preaching, of which movement he was the originator. He worked energetically for the magnificent new Temple on West Franklin, one of the points of interest shown to visitors. His labors in the interest of congre- the Executive Committee of the Central Conference of American Rabbis; 2nd Vice-President of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ; Trustee for the Jewish Orphans' Home, at Atlanta: Xational Jewish Hospital, Denver: on Faculty of Correspondence School of Jewish Chautauqua Society; Phi Beta Kappa and the Raven Society U. of V. His literary activity deserves individual mention. He has written a "Child's Bible;" "Prayer and Hymn Books." used for many years by Beth Ahabah: and is the author of "The Jew in English Literature," a work of much merit. This last named publication has re- ceived a number of flattering criticisms. He is the strong, capable leader that make not only Richmond Jews, but the entire Jewish South proud of him known by Jew and Gentile alike, and loved by all who come in contact with him. 14 The Reform Advocate. First National Bank RICHMOND, VA. Capital $2,000,000 Surplus $1,000,000 Resources over $20,000,000 Business Invited Atlantic Life Insurance Company A Richmond institution with a record. It deserves your business because: It offers security equal to that of any company ; It offers policy contracts that are liberal and easily understood; Its contracts can be suited to your indi- vidual needs. A. O. SWINE, Manager for Virginia Arthur Levy, District Agent 111-112 Mutual Building, Richmond, Va. Everett Waddey Company Richmond, Va. "Office Outfitters" Manufacturing Stationers and Printers Steel and Copper Plate Engravers Office Furniture Dealers Blank Book Makers Established 1877 The Randolph Paper Box Co. Manufacturers of all Styles Paper Boxes Printers, Lithographers, Embossers Specialists in Druggist Line of Boxes 1307-09-11-13 Ross St. Richmond, Va. W. H. JENKS Electrical Contractor ELECTRICAL WIRING of all kinds Electric and Combination Lighting Fixtures. Largest and Most Up-to-date Show Room in the South. Phone Madison 338 621 E. Main St. RICHMOND, VA. Phone Monroe 3997 Residence Phone, Monroe 473-J O. C. PEERS General Contractor & Builder Room: 310311 Traveler's Bldg. RICHMOND, VA. jjJjS^ GOOD *>/?> T^ RUBBER STAMPS 9^ L^> BrassStencil s^M . ^,1 i Notary ^« ■telifho^'^M Seals jM | 847 1 Monroe J SOUTH laiSST. ,*c Stock M™ ^Certificates Ma JobPrintikg4 fi 4t> Pads & Paters .. 4* A Creery Shirt Co. inc. J. L. CRFERY. Manager and Secretary Fine Custom Shirts, Pajamas and Underwear Made to Your Measure FIT AND WORKMANSHIP GUARANTEED We have in stock at all times the Newest Patterns in White and Colored Shirtings of Scotch, English and American weaves. Your Business Invited. 713 Hairi Street RICHMOND, VA. The Reform Advocate. 15 CHARLES HUTZLER. Charles Hutzler, President of Beth Ahabah congn tion, was born in Richmond October 26, 1849. He was educated in a parochial school, conducted by the Rev. M. J. Michelbacher, but the knowledge gained at this time was merely the foundation for his extensive store of information. Since leaving school, Mr. Hutzler has devoted a multitude of hours towards wide reading and study. Today he is one of the most scholarly citizens of Richmond, despite the fact that man;, years were spent as head of a mercantile concern. lie married Miss Jeanette Millhiser, in 1875, am! has one Mm. Alvin. From 1865 t" 1877, he served as teacher and thru as assistant superintendent of the Beth Ahabah Sabbath School. In 1898, he was elected I i the \ io Presidency of the congregation and continued to hold this office until elevated to the highest position therein. Mr. 1 lutzler attends services regularly. Mis firm, A. Hutzler's Sons, always closed it- doors on Saturday. It prospered nevertheless. Today Charles Hutzler is President of the Central National Bank, lie patiently studied Hebrew grammar and can read the 'Holy I .an guage' with pleasure. His Jewishness may well be imi- tated by his co-religionists. He was one of the organizers of the Jefferson Lite- rary Association, which became the Jefferson Literary and Social Circle, but withdrew when it merged with the Mercantile Club, on account of tin- change of ob- jects of the new association. He has delivered lectures on literary and religious topics: three of which may be named: "The Study of Othello," "Religious Leaders." and "The Jews of Germany and Anti-Semitism." Charles I lutzler was secretary for twelve years of Rimmon Lodge. I. < ). B. I'... and the first secretary tn urer of the Hebrew Home for tin- Aged and Infirm. Ik- was a member of the School B 'aid, of the City of Rich- mond, for sixteen years and its Chairman for six years. When the magnificent High School was built a few years ago, the members of the Hoard used to 'ask Hutzler' for all information connected therewith. I lis heart was in the task of giving Richmond one of the largest and best appointed High Schools in the United States and he succeeded. The John Marshall High School should be visited by all tourists. Mr. Hutzler has for a number of years been President of the Prison Association of Virginia, which is doing good work in the reformation of criminals. He occu- pies a place in the din of the American Window Corporation; is a director of the Public Playgrounds Association; has been on the Board of the Rosemary Li- brary; is a member of the Jefferson Club; has done charitable ami other worthy work. PHILIP \\ HITD iCK. lip Whitlock was born on the 14 of March, 1838. He came to Richmond in 1854, ami. from the unenviable condition of stranger, he worked his way up t<> the pi position of one of Richmond's well known citizen-. At present, he is a capitalist, but was for a number of years engaged in the manufacture of cigars, lie maintains an office with Emanuel Raab, in the Mutual Building. In 1863, he married Miss Eva Abraras and has the following children : Miss Rebecca S., Mrs. Moses Zan- der, Mrs. Alfred Newman, Mrs. Aaron Greenwald, Mrs. Sadie Block, Mrs. Julius VV. Klaus, and Lee \. Whit- lock. lie is Vice-President of Beth Aahbah, Last Presi- dent of two lodges, 1. ( I. B. I!.. Last High Priest, Royal \rch. .i and 32; he has been a director of thi \ irginia I lospital. Mr. Whitlock originated the widely known ( »ld \ ir- ginia ( heroot. This article is now advertized and sold by the present owners in evei n ol and corner of the land. Many years ag unders of the American tobacco Company saw the worth of this special brand and made the manufacturer a flattering offer, which he accepted. For a while. Phillip Whitlock was ;i director of the American Cigar Company. Me is one of Rich- mond's most generous ctizens, M\RX GUN ST. Photo by "Foster." Marx Gunst was born in Philadelphia, June 24, 1856, but moved to Richmond at the early age of three months. His life has always been ted with the State of his adoption and t" all intents and purposes he may be called a Virginian. After spending a few years in school, he entered mercantile pursuits. At present, he is manager for Muhhs and Con Co., in the City of Richmond and the State of Virginia. Me married Miss Emma Kronheimer in 1879, and has three children: Albert. Sidney, and Mi stands alone in the list of Aldermen. His entry into municipal affairs occurred in 1894, when he was elected a member of the lower branch. In this body he served for eight years. Since his elevation to the Board of Aldermen, he has been Vice-President for irears. He was President of the Hoard for a short term and acted, during this period, as Mayor of the City. Both branches honored him with the chairmanship of of the mosl important committees. S. L. BLOOMBERG. Photo by "Foster." During the long public life of Sol L. Bloomberg few Jews of this city enjoyed more honors than those show- ered upon him. A few years ago, after a law practice of a quarter of a century, he withdrew from the lime- light and now leads the peaceful life of retirement. He was born in Yorkville, South Carolina, July 29, 1858, but came to Richmond with his parents in 1861. Mr. Bloomberg read law under Major John Johns, Jr., one of the city's most learned attorneys, completing his legal education at the Summer Law School of the University of Virginia. He was admitted to the bar in July 1879, entering at once active practice in conjunction with his preceptor under the firm name of Jones & Bloomberg, which continued to the death of the former, when he practised alone until the admission to the bar of his son. He married Miss Alice Ezekiel in 1880. Since the un- timely death of his wife his children are his chief plea- sure. They are: Harold S. (a sketch of whom appears elsewhere), Mrs. Alfred B. Lichtenstein, Mrs. Edwin X. Ezekiel, Clarence, \lma and Louis. A deep interest in public affairs caused him to enter politics with enthusiasm. He served for a number of ears as \ ice-Chairman of the City Democratic Com- ic; beginning with 1894, he served continuously for ar in tin Common Council, his five terms being marked by such energy as to win for him the high esteem of his colleagues. At the 1902 election, he led his ticket and upon the organization of the body received the unanimous vote of the members for the Presidency of the Common Council. Those who knew him well realized his courage in defending opinions, whether on the side of the majority or on the side of the minority. In 1904 he declined to stand for re-election to the body. Before enumerating the organizations with which lie has been affiliated, mention must be made of his ser- vice as President of the Board of Public Interests and as a member of the Board of Commissioners of the Sink- ing Fund. Sol L. Bloomberg took an active part in many organizations and his associates expressed their appreciation by repeatedly honoring him. He was at the head of nearly every one. at some time during his serv- ice. He is an ex-President of the Jefferson Literary and Social Circle ; was Treasurer of the Jefferson Club ; Past Master of Fraternal Lodge No. 53, A. F. and A. M. : Past High Priest of Richmond Royal Arch Chapter Xo. 3, and Temple Royal Arch Chapter Xo. 32, and Past Grand High Priest of the Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons of Virginia ; Past President of Paradise Lodge No. 223, I. O. B. B. ; Past Chancellor of Jefferson Lodge No. 23, Knights of Pythias, and Past Grand Regent of the Grand Council Royal Arcanum of Virginia, having been for four years the representative of his State in the Supreme Council of that order; to these will be added his connection with the Red Men and Odd Fellows. In June 1896 he was elected a member of the Board of Managers of the Congregation Beth Ahabah and since 1909 has been its Treasurer. Five handsome gold jewels attest the appreciation of his fraternal association. Upon retirement from the Common Council, Mr. Bloomberg was presented with an engrossed copy of the following resolutions, express- ing the esteem of the members: "At a meeting of the Common Council of Richmond, Va., held August 5, 1904, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted : "Be it RESOLVED by the Common Council of the City of Richmond that the thanks of the members of this body be and are hereby extended to IK IN. SOL L. BLOOMBERG. PRESIDEXT, for the uniform courteous and polite consideration shown them while acting in his capacity as presiding offi- cer during the term of this Council, for his fair and im- partial rulings, and his respectful and conscientious de- cisions of questions at issue. "Be it RESOLVFD further that this body expresses its regret at his retirement from active sendee as a mem- ber of the Council and hereby records its apperciation of his long and faithful service to the city. Ben T. August, City Clerk." HAROLD S. BLOOMBERG. Harold S. Bloomberg, son of Sol L. and the late Alice E. Blomberg. was born in the city of Richmond thirty- one years ago ; was educated in the public schools and graduated from the Richmond High School in 1897, win- ning the faculty scholarship to Richmond College : at- tended academic and law schools of the latter institu- tion, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Law in the class of 1900, and winning the Edward Thompson Company prize, valued at $250.00 for the best thesis submitted in a contest open to students of the law school. Mr. Bloomberg began the practice of law in 1901. at the age of twenty years, under the provisions of a spe- The Reform Advocate. 17 cial act of the Legislature of Virginia. 1 le member of the firm of Bloomberg & I [utzler, his part- ner being Alvin B. Ilutzler (son of Charles lltr whose biography appears else ' heri nd i II \ROI.D S. Photo by "Foster." I'J.OOMBERG. ney for the Virginia Railway & Power Company and as- sistant counsel for the Richmond Society for the Pre- vention of Cruelty to Animals. Mr. Bloomberg is Pre- sident of Rimmon Lodge. No. 68, 1. O. B. B. In 1909 he married Miss Clara II. Kahn, formerly of Harris- burg. Pa. Photo by "Foster." MILTON E. MARCUSE. Milton E. Marcuse was born in Richmond, August 27. 1869. His parents removed six months later to Cali- fornia, where his early life was spent. However, he re- turned East in 1882 and attended the Richmond High School, from which he aduation. In 18X9. he became connected with the Hasker-Marcuse Company, which concern assumed such formidable | portions that it was absorbed by the American Can Com- pany. lie inarm. 1 Miss Rosa May. in 1894. Mr. Mar now holds an important i Pulp and I'. 1 le has of the I and Social Circl ,.:i i odge, CO. B. I'.. ; and the I Club: a master Mason; and king emple chapter, Royal Arch Masons, lb irector of several organization-: Chamber of ( om >ad Street Bank. Hebrew Home for the Aged and Infirm, Pri on of Virginia. Virginia State Penitentiary, Retreat for the Sick. Spring Street Home, Jewish Or- phans' Home, Atlanta, and the Beth Ahabali congrega- tion. Under the administrations of Andrew Jackson Montague and Claude \. Swanson, Governors of Vir- ginia, he was President of the State Board of Pardons. HENRY E. HUTZLER. S Henry B. Hutzler is one of the most popular citizens of Richmond. He has done a great deal of charity in a quiet way and deserves to have a conspicuous record made of his kindness to the poor of the city. He was born in Petersburg, \ irginia, on the 25 of September, 1857. His education in the public and private schools of Richmond being shortened, so that he could begin a business career, he entered upon the -urn duties of life as a stock boy, at the sum of one dollar and twenty-five cents a week. Today he heads the banking busines I lenry S. Hutzler & Co. He has never married and compensates for lack of children of his own, by taking great interest in orphans. Henry S. Hutzler has been for years connected with numerous organizations some of which follow: a mem- ber of the Board and Secretary of the Beth Ahabah con- gregation : Past Grand President 1. O. B. P... District Xo. 5 : member for Virginia of American Jewish Com- mittee : founder and President of the Richmond Hebrew Home for the \e;ed and Infirm; member of Fraternal ye No. 53, A. P. & \. M.; on the Board of the Masonic Home of Virginia; on the Board of the Home for Wayward Girls of Virginia; a member of the Rich- mond Education Association: Virginia Association of Charities and Corrections; Vssociated Charities of Rich- mond: on the Board of the Sheltering Arms' Hospital; Richmond Male Orphan Asylum : Virginia Mechanics' Institute: Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities: and Treasurer of the Foundling Asylum. 18 The Reform Advocate. Broad Street Bank Richmond, Va. State and City Depository Capital - - $200,000 Undivided Profits (Earned) Over $120,000 N. VV. riartin J. H. Martin Phone, nonroe 140!t N.W. Martin & Bro., Slate, Tile and Slag Roofing and Sheet Metal Workers REPAIR WORK SOLICITED No. 124 South Eighth Street, RICHMOMD, VA. "A satisfied customer is the best advertisement." We have done satisfactory work for the follow- ing prominent citizens of Rich- mond: MR. LEON WALLERSTEIN MR. E. H. CUNST MR. L. Z. MORRIS MR. H. 9. BINSWANGER MR. S. W. FLEISHMAN MR. G MILLHISER MR ISAAC COHEN THE JEFFERSON CLUB THE W. B. CATLETT ELECTRIC CO. RICHMOND, VA. Electrical Contractors The Largest Display of Lighting Fixtures in the South. Pemberton & Benson Plumbing and Heating Contractors 211 N. Third Street Phone Madison 1340 RICHMOND, Va. Personal Security and Service Is our aim in rendering YOU that help and information which our bOND DEPARTMENT is in a position to give our customers Whethtr the amount you have at your disposal is large or small, we would be pleased to give you our attention and advice in placing it. Among a number ot well secuied investments on hand we can help you find what is best suited to YOUR INDIVIDUAL needs. The American National Bank of Richmond, Virginia, in every department seeks for YOU this per- sonal SECURITY AND SERVICE A. C. Houston J. T. Houston A. C. Houston & Son Builders Phone Madison 5189 918 E. Main Street Richmond, Va. A. M. Walkup CONTRACTOR Richmond, Va. J. A. Umlauf Manufacturer of Hand and Power ELEVATORS 9 South Fifteenth Street Richmond, Va. The Reform Advocate. 19 A glance at the list, already given, shows the variety of organizations with which Henry S. Hutzler ha come affiliated. They represent all classes of denomina- tions of Virginians, but the list has by no means been completed; he holds life memberships in the following three: Home for Incurables, Polici Bi - >lent Associa- tion, and Firemen's Relief Association; a I'.oard mem- ber of the Orphans' Home, at Atlanta: National Jewish Hospital for Consumptives, of Denver; National Farm School; National Jewish Immigrant Society: and Jewish Publication Society of America. He i- a member of the Jefferson Club, the Business Men's Club, the Chamber of Commerce, the American I '.ankers' Association and the Virginia Bankers' Association. And still he finds time to aid the cause of music by holding membership in the Richmond Philanthropic Society. DR. ERNEST C. LEVY. Dr. Ernest C. Levy, at the present time Chief Health Officer in the Richmond Health Department, was edu- cated in the public schools of the city, the Medical College of Virginia, the College of physicians and Sur- geons at New York, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is a native of Richmond, one of whom the city can point to pride. Born August 11, 1868, his life has been spent in a succession of busy years. During 1912, he married Miss Elizabeth Det- wiler. Dr. Levy served as professor of Histology, Pathology, and Bacteriology, at the Medical College of Virginia, 1897-1900; director of laboratory, at the City Water De- partment, Richmond 1904-6: city bacteriologist, 1905-6; and has been chief health officer of the Health Depart- ment since 1909. While serving as professor, he also edited the Medical Register. During 1902, he was house physician at Mount Sinai Hospital. Xew York City. He occupies the position of Secretary of that Section of the American Public Health Mini- ated Municipal II a member of the Society of Bacteriolog) : of the American Medical sociation, and the Virginia Medical Society. In 1900, he was president of the Richmond Academy of Medi- cine and Surgery. Dr. Lew's life has b led with varied work that a sketch falls short of doing him justice. Through his efforts largely, tin American Public Health Associ- ation held its ns in Richmond, a few years ago. Man ere present from Latin America. His efforts in improving the health conditions of the Capital of Virginia reserve special mention. ISAAC HELD. Isaac Held, Deputy Treasurer of the City of Rich- mond (which position he has held despite major changes in the office, was born in Richmond on October 20, 1854. He was engaged for a while in mercantile pursuits. He married Miss Mary Bachrach, in 1878, and has a num- ber of children, and grandchildren. Mr. Held served on the Board of Managers of Beth Ahabah congregation for several years, was quite a while chairman of the music committee, and is now Financial Secretary. Of the Jewish organizations with which he is connected, it may be mentioned that for many years he has held the office of Secretary of the Jefferson Club and that of Secretary-Treasurer of the Hebrew Home for the Aged and Infirm. He is clerk of Magnolia Camp. Woodman of the. World: a member of the Heptasophs; lien Hur ; Bank- ets Union; Royal Arcanum; Fraternity Lodge F. A. W., etc. Mr. Held is always ready to help those who come to him for information and has earned the enviable re- putation of being a courteous and accommodating gen- tleman. H. S. IUXSWANGER. Mr. Binswanger was born in Richmond, May 29, 1866. After attending the public schools of the city, he entered business life and now occupies the position of President of the large and well known concern. Bins- wanger S my, Inc. This firm h -. both at Richmond and at Memphis, and handle id build- ing suppli S. Binswanger married in 1893, Mis- Rebecca W. Whitlock, and ha Samuel I-'... and Leah W. Mo i- on ill' Board of Directors, of the Chamber of ( .-President of the J Club; a member of the Business Men n, and a member of the I. O. B. P.. 20 The Reform Advocate. .MRS. E. A. EZEKIEL. Mrs. Ezekie] (nee .Martha Lev) i was born in Rich- mond and received her education at the Baptist Female Institute, now called the women's < ollege, of Richmond. She graduated in 1874 and won a medal for essay writing. Another honor, which may be mentioned in this connection, was the winning of a prize from the Philadelphia Y. M. II. A., for an essay. I ler mental equip- ment needs no further comment than to mention the fact of her being a member of the Lev) family. She is a sister of Dr. Ernest C. Levy, and there fun-, a niece of Dr. Henry II. Levy. She married Edward A. Ezekiel, in 1880, and has four children: Alis- Helen, Percy, Dr. Gerald, and Edwin. i number of years, Mrs. Ezekiel has been President of the Richmond Section, Council of Jewish Women; >he is Treasurer of the Ladies' Hebrew Memorial Asso- ciation: she holds membership in the Benevolent Socie- ty and Ladies' Auxiliary. Society for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, the Peace League, ond the Pro- sive Literary Association (of which she was a char- ter member. ) She has recently become an Anti-Suffra- gist. At the end of her second term as President of the Council of Jewish Women, Mrs. Ezekiel was presented with a testimonial of the high esteeai in which she was regarded by her fellow workers for the cause of Ju- daism. MRS. SAM COHEN. Mrs. Sam Cohen (nee Zipporah Michelbacher) was born in Richmond and is the oldest daughter of the late Rev. M. J. Michelbacher, who guided the Beth Ahabah congregation through many trying years. She married in 1875 and has three sons: Leroy E., Max J., and James Beale. Her husband, Sam Cohen, is a member of the Cohen Company, one of the largest department stores of the city. She was educated at her father's school and also at Powell's Female Seminary. She has a great deal of en- ergy and her efforts in the community have helped won- derfully. She directs charitable enterprises and assists in laudable objects generally. Mrs. Cohen is President of the Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Association; 1st Vice- President of the Beth Ahabah Auxiliary; Chairman, He- brew Home for Aged and Infirm; Treasurer. Eye, Ear and Throat Infirmary; 1st Vice-President, Instructive Visiting Nurses Association; member of Daughters of the Confederacy; Richmond Kindergarten Association; member, Hospital Board; Richmond Education Associa- tion; and Chairman of the Immigration Committee, i iouncil of lewish Women. MRS. JULIUS EDEL. Mrs. Julius Edel i nee Miss Delia Myers : W as born at I lot Springs. Virginia. She is a sister to the late Her- man Myers. Mayor of Savanah who was very highly thought of in Georgia. She received her education both at Lynchburg and Savanah High Schools. After graduation, she studied music and German at the New York Conservatory of Music. She was married at Lynchburg, in 1883, and has three children; Miss Elfreda, Albert, and Herman. She has done a great deal for the Jewish community of Rich- mond, along many lines. She is treasurer, of the local section, Council of Jewish Women ; she helped inaugurate settlement work in the city ; she takes the time to find out the weak links in the Jewish social organization and then directs her efforts to remedy conditions. Mrs. Edel is a member of the Daughters of the Confederacv. HENRY II. LEVY M.D. Dr. Henry II. Levy is an uncle of Dr. Ernest C. Levy. He was born on the 24 of December, 1850, and re- ceived his early education at the private school of E. W. Cone. He attended Richmond College and graduated in 1869. as Bachelor of Arts. Entering the Medical College of Virginia, located in his native city, Richmond, he graduated in 1871, receiving the faculty prize. After serving fifteen months in the Philadelphia Hospital, he returned to Richmond and began the practice of medi- cine. Dr. Levy has been a practictioner since February, 1873. and his reputation among the members of all denominations has marked him as an exceptionally well liked gentleman. He married Miss Gertrude Hahn of Philadelphia, March 1, 1888, and has two children, Theodore J., and Clare M. He has found time, amid the exacting duties of an extensive practise, to keep in touch with a multitude of topics. He is Emeritus Professor of Practice of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia ; was professor of Physiology for twelve years and Neurology for five years. Dr. Levy held the presidency of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, in 1881. He still retains membership in this body and is a member of both of the Medical Society of Virginia and the American Medical Association. LEON M. NELSON. Leon M. Nelson was born in Richmond. 1876. After a course in the local public schools, he went to Cincin- nati and entered the Hebrew U/nion College and Hughes High School. During his graduating year at the latter institution, he won the oratorical medal. After leaving Hughes High School, he matriculated at the University of Cincinnati and graduated therefrom in 1898. At the same time he received the title of Rabbi from the He- brew Union College. He married, in 1900, Henrietta Adler, of Cincinnati, and has two children ; Nathan Henry and Leon M. Nel- son, the second. For a number of vears he was Rabbi The Reform Advocate. 21 of Temple tsrael, Brooklyn (the pulpit now occupied by the Rev. Dr. Nathan Krass), but gave up th< trial calling for the profession of law. He attended Columbia University and the University of Virginia. On his return to Richmond, he became associated with his brother in the firm of Nelson son. LEON M. NELSON. Photo by "Foster." Among the organizations with which he is connected may be mentioned: Phi Delta Phi Fraternity; Jefferson Club, of which he is a Director; the Hebrew Cemetery Company, in which he holds the position of Trustee, and the Vice-Presidency of the Country Club of Richmond. DR. MARK W. PEYSER. Dr. Mark W. Peyser, Secretary of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery for nineteen con- secutive terms, is a native of Washington, D. C. He was born July 8, 1870. He received his education in the High School of Petersburg. Virginia, and the Uni- versity of Virginia, where he studied medicine. He was married in 1897 to Miss Eva Pee Ezekiel. After graduating from the University, in 1890, he received the appointment of resident physician, at the Retreat for the Sick, in Richmond. He served here for twelve months. He lectured for seven years in the University College of Medicine. Dr. Peyser is Trea- surer of the Medical Society of Virginia; physician, Hebrew Home for Vged and Infirm: Examiner, Nat- ional Hospital for Consumptives; etc. He has contributed to medical journals; was for a time Associate Editor of the Virginia Medical Senii- Monthly; and has tp his credit a work entitled "Manual of Physic- of PKt£2$2ty." Dr. Peyser is very popular with the members of his profession. No better pi can be ound than his continued election to the difficult position of Secretary of the Richmond Academy of Med- icine and Surgery. His manner is magnetic and exi tionallv mild. EMANUEL RAAB. Photo by " F o s '"-" Emanuel Raab was born at Hanover, Penn., on the 13 of February. 1845. He received a public school edu- cation, in Baltimore. He married Miss Rosa B Strause. in 1878, and has four children: Genevieve CU11- man), Emily (Hammel), Merrill ]•'... and Henry S. He came to Richmond during April. 1884. Mr. Raab was engaged for many years in the Leaf Tobacco business but has retired. 1 towever, his varied interests require him to maintain an office. He was a mason and a member of the R yal Arch; on the Ce Board; a member of the Beth Ahabah Board: Trustee for the Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent So- ciety; on the Board of the Jefferson Hotel: Trustee for the Home for Needy Confederate \\ omen : on the Board of the Retreat for the Sick, and other organizations. Photo by "Foster." UJBREY II. STB \ Aubrey II. Straus, City Bacteriologist, was born in Richmond, during the year 1887. Although a young man, he has already begun to make a place for himself 22 The Reform Advocate. "CORRECT FIREPLACES" Mantles, Tiles, Fireplace Trimmings, Sanitary Plumbing, Lighting Fixtures, Hot Air Heating W. F. MAHONEY Phone Madison 800, 523 E. Main, Richmond, Va. Phone Madison 2823 Pierce-Arrow Agency Eastern Virginia Foster Motor Car Company, Inc. Kline Kar Distributors Virginia and North Carolina 605-613 West Broad Street RICHMOND, VA. EstabKahed 1900 PHONE MONROE 314S The National Window Cleaning Company, inc. W. A. BROIDY, President and General Manager Expert General Cleaners w t e {"* »° ur * l0T . e ;°# ce - factor ^ 0T home dean as a » bUlle - I at rates that astonish. Our men are insured against accidents, therefore all damages are made good. Special attention to private residences. Estimates gladly furnished. 1214 East Main Street Richmond, Va. "Every Article Needed fur Schools and Colleges" School Desks, Blackboards, Teachers' Desks aod Chairs, Bookcases, Auditorium Seating, Mapi, Globes, Charts, Crayons, Erasers, Etc. VIRGINIA SCHOOL SUPPLY CO. BOX 1177 Richmond ... Virginia C. C- Satterwhite G. L. Satterwhile Satterwhite & Co. 104 N. Governor (13th) St.. Richmond, Va. MACHINISTS and ENGINEERS ial Attention Given To Tobacco Machinery, Gasoline Engines and Printing Presses. CAST IKON AND STEEL BRAZING All KindsoJ 1"'" •aiui Special Machine Work Given Prompt Atleitfinn Satisfaction Guaranteed Phone Monroe 1973 Madison 4509 PHONES Madison 5866 SOUTHERN OFFICE EQUIPMENT CO. ANDREW AARONSON The EDISON DICTATING MACHINE will save you 50 of the cost of tour cor- respindence. Let us prove it In your office without obligation id you. Write or 'Phone us NOW. 20 North 7 th St. RICHMOND, - - - VA. H. L. Driscoll General Contractor 729 East Main Street RICHMOND, Va. The Reform Advocate. 23 in the educational life of the i ity. Aftei from Richmond College in 1907, a.' a Bacheloi ence . he spenl two -i in Massachusetts Institute of I i |„ 19] ; married Miss \\ il na Marx, of I • son, Clifford Allen. He is an Associate Member of the Ri< h my of Medicine ami Surgery : ,. logy at the University College of Medicine; In- structor in Hygiene at the Medical < Virginia; and. a member of American Public Health Association. Aubrey IT. Straus is a nephew of Dr. Ernesl C. Li and Mrs. E. A. Ezekiel. LEON WALLERSTEIN. Leon Wallerstein was born in Richmond, in 1854. For n an interest in civic affairs generally. \lthough actively en. a business man, he finds time to atteni ngs and give his view-. lie was married 1,, 1889, to Mi-. Sadie Wechsler, of New York has the I ren: Robert I... Clemence M.. Marion, Ethel Sadie, and Leon, Jr. He is a Di f Commerce: a •edit Men's \-sociation, and now on th - Board. His business is wholesale Dr) ■ md Motions. Mr. Wallerstein has served President of the Jefferson Club, the leading social Jewish organization of the citv. IN MEMORIAM. MRS. S< )L L. I'd.i )( iMBERi i Mrs. Alice Ezekiel Bloomberg was born October 4, 1860. She spent her life in her native city and so en- deared herself to its inhabitants that there was universal mourning when she was taken away suddenly from fam- ily and friend-, on \pril "th. 1907. Funeral service- were held in Beth Ahaba, an unusual circumstance, and the Temple was crowded. \n immense cortege accom- panied the deceased to the cemetery. Not only had she mothered a large family, but she also had found time to mfort the unfortunate and assist die needy, to which unselfish service numerous re testify. Mrs. Bloomberg was the daughter of X. and Rebecca (Levy 1 Ezekiel. Thi 1 distin- guished families showed to advantage in her case, truly exemplifying the phrase: "Blood will tell." She gradu- ated from the Richmond High School, receiving a num- ber of medals. On December 1st, 1880, -he married L. Bloomberg. Her family life was blessed with dutiful children. She energetically labored for the Ladies' Hebrew Benevolent Association. Her administration accom- plished much for the indigent of the city. After laying down the presidential office, she continued to serve on the executive committee. Mrs. Bloomberg served on the Executive Committee of the Beth Ahaba Ladies' Auxil- iary: she was Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Old Dominion Hospital, and President of the Ladies' Auxiliary of the Masonic Home of Virginia. E. IK (TTIGHEIMER. The synagogue of Beth Ahaba had a faithful friend in Bottigheimer. Many a time was lie called upon to till the pulpit as reader when unforseen occurrences neces- sitated absence on the part of its regular occupant. He lucted services from the time of Dr. Harris' death, in th part of 1891, until Dr. Edward X. Calisch assumed charge of tin m. Since then he has 1 fficiated during the holidi assistant to the rabbi. 24 The Reform Advocate. He came to Richm >nd. just prior to the War between the States, from Baden, Germany, where he was born in 1845. He married Miss Amelia Gundersheimer in 1870 and had six children to bless his union: Reverend Sey- mour G,, a graduate of the Hebrew Union College; Mrs. ne H. Jonnessof, who is popular in Jewish educa- tional circle-: Misses Florence, Nettie and Hattie: and .Manly F. Mr. Bottigheimer was a past president and financial etary of Paradise Lodge Number 223, I. O. B. B. i a charter member I, and a past master and secretary of I ternal Lodge Number 53, A. F. and A. M. He had an manner and possessed an approachable personality. JULIUS STRAUS. A man of great activity, the late Julius Straus made a lasting place for his name in the congregational and in- stitutional history of this city. Born in Richmond on May 4, 1843, he grew up to love the place and to labor for its advancement in every way. lie was the son of Emanuel Straus, one of the founders of Beth Ahaba, and followed in his father's footsteps as an ardent supporter of the congregation. Vs far back as 1873, he was elected a member of the board of managers of Beth Ahaba. For more than twenty years he served as Financial Secretary. At the death of X. W. Nelson ( father of Leon M. Nelson, whose biography appears in another column i, he was elected to the vice-presidency of the synagogue and, in 1898, suc- ceeded Moses Millhiser as President. Julius Straus also acted for several years, as superintendent of the Sunday school. He married Miss Carrie Mitteldorfer in 1866 and left five children : Mrs. Jos. M. Rosenbaum, who spends much of her time in educational and charitable work; Milton [., who has begun commendable work for the uplift of the community ; M. Mitteldorfer, an artist whose efforts are being recognized in his chosen field; Irving J., and Percy J. JULIUS STRAUS. Pl ' 0t ° ^ "Foster." Julius Straus was a past president of Grand Lodge, 1. O. B. B., District Xo. 5: a member of the board of governors of the Masonic Home ; finance committeeman ■ f the Grand Lodge of Masons ; and, a member of a mul- titude of organizations. He served both the State of Virginia and the City of Richmond, having been a direc- tor of the Central State Hospital, at Petersburg, a mem- ber of the Board of Public Interests and, of the Common Council. \\ VSHINGTON MONUMENT. The Reform Advocate. 25 VIEW OF RICHMOND FROM NORTHERN SUBURBS. CITY OF RICHMOND. Richmond, lying on the James, where, as one of her eloquent sons has aptly put it, "the falls of the river meet the tides of the sea," has since early colonial times held a prominent part in the social, political and military affairs of the country, great men and great events making her in every epoch of its development the scene of im- portant activities, endowing her with a fame as enduring as the history of the republic. Richmond was founded in 17Ti by Col. William Byrd, who in 1737 began to advertise in the Virginia Gazette its advantages as a place of residence and investment. In 1756 his son, in order to hasten the sale of town lots, established the Byrd Lottery, long well known through- out the country and frequently referred to in deed- ex- ecuted in the present day. In 1742 the General Assembly of Virginia established the town of Richmond, and in 1779 the seat of government was moved from Williams- burg and Richmond became the capital of Virginia. It was made the capital of the Southern ' deracy in L861, and was Eor four years the storm center of the fiercest and most destructive war of modern times, only to be left finally, when the conflict was over, with its business district and portions of its residence section laid in ashes as the result of arsenals ami military stores be- ing fired by the retreating army, lest they be utilize the city's captors. When the Southern army disbanded in 1865 the men of Richmond returned to the city to find it in ruin- houses destroyed, property laid waste, business -wept out of existence. They were too courageous to despair, proud to cry aloud in their distress, ami itly, grim- ly, and with high resolve, they sel to work to lift the city from the ashes of her desolation and re-establish her in the high position that had once been hers. Bui instead of trying to win back her prestige in politics and war the energies and abilities of the men of Richmond were impelled by circumstances to seek other modes of expres- sion, and they gave their efforts to winning for her a place of eminence in the commercial and industrial af- fairs of the country. The same unfaltering courage, the same -tern determination that sustained them on the field of battle bore them and those who came after th through a thousand discouragements and disappointn* in the task the) had se1 themselves to do in rescuing the city from the red ruin war had wrought, and making her. as -'a- l- today, one of the fairest, most prosperous ami most progressive of the nation's municipalities. So quietly has this work been done, and so accustomed are pi i nerallv t< < regard Richmond as merely a cial and political center, that few outside her own zens have taken the measure of her accomplishment, and not many even of those who know fully appreciate significance. Vet so effective has it been that in point of diversity of manufacturing interests, no less than in the aggregate value of product. Richmond is surpas by few cities of the same size in the country, while in the matter of compact city building and modern municipal improvements it has few equals among cities of any size. The spirit i sive enterprise exhibited by thi men of Richmond attracted the attention of those from other communities who were looking for opportunities ist their lot among f energy and activity, and lately considerable outside mon come here for in- ment, giving added impulse to wdiat was being ac- complished by her owi \\ ith this new money and the new blood that d it, and with the com of her own people strengthened by each victory their ambition rising higher with each obstacle overcome. Richmond looks buoyantlj out upon a future that bi ens as the perspective ns, and is bounded by no perceptible lines of limitation. Furnishing a broad basis for the activities of her ; pie, though • inoperative without them, is Rich- mond'- position of natural strength with respect to the 26 The Reform Advocate. W. A. Chesterman General Contractor 1007 West Broad Street Richmond, Va. Thos. N. Kendler Manufacturer of Cornices, Skylights and Metal Ceilings Phone Madison 5418 407 Brooke Ave., Richmond, Va. H. F. GRIMMELL WM. GRIMMELL H. GRIMMELL'S SONS DEALERS IN STOVES and RANGES TINNING, PLUMBING & GAS FITTING Stove Repairs A Specialty Phone Mad. 2266 304 E. Broad St. RICHMOND, VA. A. F. PERR1N Formerly SLAUGHTER & PERRIN General Contractor Estimates given on all classes of Building Construction Repair Work given prompt attention Phone Mad 2936 402 NATIONAL BANK OF VA. RICrlHOND, VA. The C. Manning Plumbing Co. Incorporated Plumbing, Tinning, Gas and Steam Fitting Furnaces, Ranges, Latrobes Phone Madison 2814 1443 E. Main Street RICHMOND, VA. ROBBINS & NELSON CO. Everything Electrical 711 E. Main St. RICHMOND, VA. PHONE MADISON 9834 -A. J". ^V7RAY Ornamental Marble and Granite Works 328-330 S. Cherry St. RICHMOND. VA. Owxkb OP m'AHiv of Virginia Bl.uk Granite F. F. V. Facts —Figures -Verified CHARLES F. HUDNALL Auditing Accounting Systematizing Monroe 43 1 909 Travelers BIdg RICHMOND, VA. PHONE, MONROE 2538 EDW4RD L. PERKINS & CO. Monuments and Cemetery Furniture of every description Office and Show Room, 409 S. Cherry St. RICHMOND, VA. KOBT. W. GILLIAM F. W. SHAW J. C. AYERS ROBT. W. GILLIAM & CO. Successor, to L. W. DORSET & CO, TINNERS, PLUMBERS and GAS FITTERS Furnaces, Latrobe Stoves and Ranges, Roof Painting Agents for Malleable Ranges made in South Bend All Work Entrusted to Us Will Receive Prompt Attention Telephone Madison 2917 114 NORTH SEVENTH ST. RICHMOND, VA. O C LYNE W. B HARRIS i^xtstes eft? Coal *X XX l ». and with an aggregate capital of $35,073,510. The combined output of these plants totaled in 1910 I the latest figure- available) $90,281,408. Prominent among these manufacturing establishments are those engaged in the manufacture of smoking and plug tobaccos, cigars. cigarettes and cheroots ; the Richmond branch of the 28 The Reform Advocate. McKENNEY Dyeing and Cleaning Establishment Phone 3340 418 East Marshall St. RICHMOND, VA. Makers of all kinds RICHMOND PAPER ROX FACTORY INCORPORATED Phone Monroe 2481 1333=35-37 East Franklin St. RICHMOND, VA. PHONES GO 16 Madison 2962 Mudison P. O. BOX S32 ACCOUNTANTS' COMPANY PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS AND SYSTEMATIZERS 200 NAT'L BANK VIRGINIA BUILDING RICHMOND, VA. Richmond Auto Tire Works The VULCANIZERS Let Us Quote You On New Tires and Accessories 924 W. Broad St. RICHMOND, VA. , irr r t r T T T f r , , , 1 irr. r r r r r r T T f r, ' * > 1 f • - * \ \ ! S V = Virginia Baking Co. Inc Cakes and Crackers Richmond, Va. BOWLING COODS ALSO IN STOCK. WE CARRY A COMPLETE STOCK OF SUPPLIES C. P. Dean Corporation MANUFACTURERS OF BILLIARD AND POOL TABLES No. 10 Governor St. RICHMOND, VA. Richmond Dairy Co, FOR Milk, Cream and Butter Established 1868 Phone 1935 James B. Lacy Coal Co. YARDS : Cor. Madison and Cary FACTORY: 6th and Byrd Streets RICHMOND, VA. COAL and WOOD Dealers in High-Grade Red Ash Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Oak and Pine Wood, which modern machinery afiords in superior facilities (or preparing for the consumer Gerhardt Bros., Inc. MANTELS, TILING, TINNING PLUMBING AND GAS FITTING PHONE MADISON 2163-L 505 East Main Street Richmond, Va, S. FL Hawes & Co« Dealers in COAL, Lime, Cement, Etc. Telephones 57 and 3817 Richmond, Virginia H. N.FRANCIS CO., Inc. RICHflOND. VA. TILING, MANTELS, GAS LOGS, FIREPLACE TRIMMINGS A. Ruggles Nelson, Jesse A. Ladd, W. H. Nelson, President Vice-Prett & Gen*l Mgr. Secretary NELSON & LADD, Inc. Wholesale and Retail Dealers in all Kinds of Coal, Cok^e and Wood Office and Yards: 1903-5-7 East Cary Street Telephones, Monroe 1096 and 1097 Richmond, Va. The Reform Advocate. 29 American Locomotive Co.; the Tredegar Company, with its great foundry and machine he Old Domin Iron and Nail Works, the Rich ■ Works, the three big paper mills, the Southern Manufacturing ' making baking powder; the flouring lie numei large plants of the Virginia-Carolina ' hemical Co., man- ufacturing fertilizers, and the plan e Richmi ( luano Co.. First in importance in manufacturing -on of total value of output, are tl I in manufac- turing tobacco into its various marl orms — smok- ing, plug, cigars, cigarettes, chen ots, in which the prod- uct aggregates $21,350,925. Nexl comes the foundaries and iron works and the nest of plants turning out loco- motive-, boilers, engine- ami agricultural implemi with a total product of $10,525,150. These are followed, in turn, by fertilizer--, paper, 1 ts and butchers and packers of meat-, manufacturers of lumber, and so on down the list to the small concei >ying but few hands and turning out products of -mail relative value, hut each lending its help to build up an mi-' ggre- gate. The advantage gained from this wide diversity of manufacturing intere-t- is thai il the city from those periods of depression that inevitably come to the community that is dominated by a single industry, and which is prosperous or otherwise according as that par- ticular industry i- active or stagnant. But large as her manufacturing industries are, and varied as they are. Richmond od for concerns engaged in making bui vagons, automo- biles, pianos, furniture, pa; - and broom-. Many others could he added to that list, but these a as probably most in demand just at present. Next to her manufacturing industries, Richmond's wholesale int< :cupy the most important place with respect to I eneral public. These emp a total capita] of $13,225,237. and the sales in 1910 . ggregated $71, 190,718. business is done in the following lin< Groceries, confectionerie ors, tobacco, cigarettes, provisions, boots and -hoe-, dry goods and notions, coal, wood, hay. nursery stock, drugs, licorice, flavoring extracts, hardware, agricultural im- plements, railway, mill and plumbing supplies, bicycles, automobiles, rubber and sporting goods, oils, paints, varnish, g ather, hides, saddlery, tanbark, tin, china, earthenware, hooks, stationery, paper, furni- ture, carpet-, upholstery, piano-, organs and other musical instruments and musical goods. Ihi- great trade is secured chiefly from the south, and is due to the liberal policy which Richmond merchants deal with their patrons, and the energy and activity ot the army of traveler- who carry the flag of Richmond commerce, no less than to the excellent mi yed for reaching the business center- of that territorv. It is the result of a tine combination i f personal enterprise and transportation facilities. A number of matter- now in course of consummation will, it is thought, add materially to the opportunities for doing business profitably in Richmond, \mong these is a railroad now being built from a connection with this city into the five wealthy, populous and productive Virginia counties f irming what is known as the "North- ern Neck." This will bring within three hours' ride of Richmond 70.000 people who have >re done their chief trading elsewhere owing to the fact that communi- cation was ea-ier than with this city. It is believed that the new road will turn a considerable portion, possibly half, of that trade to this city. There are 700 country Stores and 10.000 farms in the territory thus sought to he bound to Richmond, and it i- thought trade amounting to $2,500,000 will I- the city by building the road. Tin of Richmond recently subcribed $75,000 to aid in its construction, and it is expected that it will he completed within three years. 1 tion to the present trade of the "Northern Neck," the con- struction of a railroad into that section will doubtless cause a rapid growth, so that the returns will be even larger than anticipated. Negotiations that have been in progress for some time in looking to building a traction line from this city to Urbanna a point 30 mile- distant, on the Rappahannock River, are reported to lie nearly completed, and it is felt that the road will unquestionably be built. The section through which it will pass has been sadly in need of facilities for reaching this city, and the proposed traction line will do much to develop the country and increase its trade with Richmond. Richmond, by the way. having been the first city to successfully operate a trolley car. ha- much faith in it as a developer of outlying territory and a builder of trade, and believes that the most potential factor in city growth 30 The Reform Advocate. W. D. ROSE PHONE MONROE 1076 J- W. BAKER Rose Sr Baker General Contractors and Builders REPAIR WORK HON. Jefferson St., RICHMOND, VA, Marcellus Hicks T. B Hicks, Jr. PHONES. MONROE 224, MADISON 69 Thos. B. Hicks' Sons Livery and Automobiles Leaders in Select Livery Office: 101 E. Main St. CORNER FIRST and MAIN Open Day and Night Richmond, Va. Smithdeal Business College Corner 9th and Broad Sts. Twice as many calls for our Students as n>e can fill. Call or write for information. W. T. SMITHDEAL President. William E- Tanner John F. Tanner Tanner Paint and Oil Co. Manufacturers of High-Grade Paints Phones: Mad. 399, Mad. 1797 1417-1419 Main St. Richmond, Va. WM. C. STERTZ 112 North First Street MICHAEL SEAY 718 Griffin Avenue Bro->kIand Park, Phone Monroe 2778 STERTZ & SEAY Contractors and Builders JOB WORK PROMPTLY DONE 112 North First Street Richmond, Va. C. B. Norvell Manufacturer of Awnings, Tents, Decorations and Flags of All Kinds. Canopies and Floor Covering or Wed- dings a Specialty 204 N. Foushee St. Phone, Madison 486 RICHMOND, VA. Sole Agent for the A. L. Folding Arm Awning It is vitally important that your drinking water be pure Broad Rock Water with the lowest total of mineral solids of any water of which we have knowledge is Wonderfully pure THE BELL BOOK and STATIONERY CO. Commercial Stationers Engravers .'. .'. Printers 914 E. Main St. RICHMOND, VA. THE AMERICAN AUDIT CO. Room 017-819 American Bank HIiIk. THOS. P. HOWARD, C.P.A., New York, Resident Manager Our report* have gained ti nat'onal reputation for accuracy, clearness and reliability.. That Is why they ""' accepted as a im»i* if , relit bj banks throughout Hi,- countrj when preset i by our clients. GEO. B. WILSON. C. P. A. (Va.) President A. M. PULLEN. C. P. A. (Va.) Seer., and Treas. Wilson and Pullen PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS and AUDITORS Richmond, Va. 903 904 Travelers Ins. Bldg Raleigh, N. C. 505 Masonic Temple HAVE YOUR SHIRTS MADE TO ORDER BISHOP THE SHIRT BUILDER 30 N orth 7th St. RICHMOND, VA. ^;ill Mad. 1990 for Prompt Attention. 1VE- EISEN A1NTTIQUBS Bought and Sold FURNITURE REPAIRED AND FINISHED 1619 W. Broad St. RICHMOND, VA. The Reform Advocate. 31 is a good system of suburban and interurban railv It i- claimed b) people hei i know, that n the country of like size has a betl such railways than Richmond. i i and in- terurban electric lines enter Richmo have exerted and still exert upon its pro • perity cannot be estimated. I Ine i ndid line between this city and Petersburg, a dista thing mure than JO miles. It jiv ervice almosl be- yond criticism, and is not only an eiii tive helper oi cities, but is rapidly building up the intervening Inside the city of Richmond the streel oar service i such high order that the people universally take pride and pleasure in calling the attention of visitors and strangers to it, and mosl of them are ready to assert that it is not surpassed by that rendered in any city any- where. The relations of the company owning the elec- tric lines — the Virginia Railway & Power Co and the city are cordial, and each is ready to help the other, realizing that in doing so it takes an effective wa in business as may come than to helping bring it. ( me ot these is a new brid the James between Rich- mond and wl nerly Manchester, but is now th Richmond, and i municipality. new viaduct is being eri site of old Mayo - bridge, an ancient stru at was operated for many years as a toll bridge, but was finally purchased by the city and has been torn down to make way for the new tructure. This will be a reinforced concrete structure, el in width, and will cost $250,000. Another bridge will be constructed shortly between these two sections of the city, the demands of traffic being so great that they cannot be adequately met by one crossing. Plans and bids have already been asked for the construction of the sec >nd bridge. The city owns the water-works and gas plant, and has also an electric light and power plant of its own. In fact, it has two distinct water plants, each capable of working independent of the other, and each with capacity t i pump more water titan the city needs. Such an ar- MONUMENT AVENUE. helping itself. The city receives 3J per cent, of the company's earnings, while the patron.-, of it- lines gel six tickets for a quarter, with universal transfers, and school children and working people get tickets, good between certain hours, for 2} cents apiece. The city has constructed a public wharf on James River, operated by the municipality, the owner and operator of the Richmond Dock, long owned by a pri company. This insures adequate terminal facilities for all water-borne commerce at re cost. This action is taken also to meet the requirements of Congress, recently promulgated, that Goverment appropriations for interior waterway development will only he made where adequate terminal facilities are publicly owned and operated, so as to insure shi] ainsl private control. Other matter- under consideration with res] to increasing the facilities for shipment of freight by water will doubtless be properly worked out within a short time, and the result will he. it is hoped, a largely- increased impetus in general busini Other plans in contemplation and in progress of consummation will serve to help this of these look rather to properly caring for such incr rangement avoids any possible danger of interfen in supply, such as is frequently occasioned in cities having hut a single plant by the breaking down of some of it- machinery. The pumps and machinery of both the-e plant- arc operated by water-power from the river. The municipal goverment of the city is honest and ind has the confidence of the people to a high degree. The officials are thoroughly awake to the t the city, and are swift to take advantage of any opportunity that for helping it in its progress. The growth of tin nee 1900 to I was 50 per cent., and it now has a population of 127.668. rea i- but 11 square mile-, and it is therefore the e in the United State-, with I n, X. 1. It ■mi| mlation of 40,000. Just now th ivity in building, and I record for 1'~>11. which is the highest ever made by the city, -;and- in danger of being eclipsed. In that year the buildings constrw . an increase of 51 er the year 1" hen they totaled $4,000,000. The most impressive building i 32 The Reform Advocate. under way is that of the First National Dank. This tructure will be 19 stories above ground, the tallest bnild- south of New York and east of the Mississippi. It istructed of materials both substantial and ornamental, and will be one of the handsomest buildings i n anywhere. ( Ither large and handsome struct- i under wa\ in various parts of the city, while still others have but recentl) bee ipleted, and man) more are to lie begun with the opening of spring. Alto- gether the business sections of the city present the appearance of a thoroughly modern municipality, and one substantially buill as well. Many street improve- ment; are in progress also, and the stranger visiting Richmond for the first time is much impressed by the activity in evidence on every hand. The Chamber of Commerce of Richmond, well officered and well directed, is one of the most aggressive bodies 'if the kind to be found in the entire south, and is a potential factor in advancing the material interests of the community. Its members are active and devoted, and much of their time to carrying out the objects of the nization. Just now the body is about to build a home in which will also be established a Manufac- turers' Exhibit. There will be gathered together in this building articles of every kind manufactured in the city, so that the visitor can see within the limits of a comparatively short visit just what is being accomplished in the various lines of manufacture. The exhibit will he permanent. The great banking capital of Richmond is one of the sources of its immense commercial and industrial strength. The banks have money, and the bankers are not afraid to let it go for any substantial business, and therefore many large enterprises are financed by home money instead of having to go abroad for capital. A leading business man said a day or two ago that, whereas any proposition calling for $50,000 or more would a few years ago have been com- pelled to go elsewhere for financing, similar propositions calling for hundreds of thousands could now be financed in Richmond without outside help. This is, of course, a tremendous ;b-ct. for it is easier to demonstrate a local proposition to a local man than to a stranger, and when home money stands behind home enterprises those enter- prises have the moral as well as the financial support of the o\\ ners of the money. The hold active men of Richmond have not been satisfied to build up their own city merely, but have been leaders in many enterprises throughout other sections of the South, helping to construct railroads, establish manufacturing industries and build cities. They have felt that their city should be the business capital of the i ountry to the south of it, as it was formerly its political capital, and have devoted much of their time and energy and invested much of their money to make it such. ! laving been successful in accumulating large private fortunes — for there are many millionaires in Richmond — they feel like using them in developing the wonderland of riches known as the South, to the end that oppor- tunities for amassing fortunes may be opened up to the thousands of Southern people. With a generalship equal to that with which Lee and Jackson and Stuart led the armed legions of the South, upon so many fields of glory and of carnage, the new generals of the Virginia capital are marshalling the industrial hosts of that same South upon new fields of endeavor, where the same patient courage displayed at the behest of the commanders of that other day will win bloodless victories of greater moment. It is a great mission to which these gallant Virginia gentlemen have called themselves, and its success means making the South what nature intended it should be. the garden spot of this continent — rich beyond human computation, lovely be) 'iid compare. PHONE MADISON 2576 The COPELAND Awnings, Flags, CO., Tents Inc. 108 N. 9th Streel Floors Covered for Weddings RICHMOND. VA RICHMOND CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC FRANK EUGENE COSBY. Director Laurel & Broad St. PHONE MAD. 7284 ALL BRANCHES OF MUSIC THOROUGHLY TAUGHT PHONE MADISON 5308 PHONE MONROE S79 J". E C AUDLE ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR 816 W. Marshall 'Rear! RICHMOND. VA THE OLDEST ELECTRICAL REPAIRER :N RICHMOND SHEPHERD ICE CREAM CO. Ice Cream and Fancy Cakes 2008 W. Broad St. RICHMOND, VA. The Reform Advocate. THE REFORM ADVOCATE LIBRARY 20 DISCOURSES BY DR. EMIL G. HIRSCH In Cloth Binding $2.50 a Volume. Single Copies Bound in Paper Covers 10 Cents Each. 1 "The Jews and Jesus" 2 "Jesus, His Life and Times" 3 "The Doctrines of Jesus" 4 "Paul, the Apostle of Heathen Judaism" 5 "Why Am I a Jew?" (I) 6 "Why Am I a Jew?" (II) 7 "The Inalienable Duties of Man" (I) 8 "The Inalienable Dutieo of Man" (Hi 9 "Myth, Miracle and Midrash" (II) 10 "The Bible in the Light of Modern Science" 11 "The Place of the Individual in Organized Charity" 12 "Some Tendencies of the Modern Drama" 13 "Attacks on Jews and Judaism" 14 "Judaism and the Higher Criticism" 15 "The Doctrine of Evolution and Judaism" 16 "Judaism and Modern Religion" 17 "The God of Israel" 18 "The Concordance of Judaism and Americanism" 19 "The Responsibility for the Russian Massacres" 20 "Reform Judaism and Unltarianism" Single copies mailed to any address, postpaid, on receipt of to cts. TWELVE FOR $1.00. BLOCH & NEWMAN, Publishers ■•THE REFORM ADVOCATE" 143 Dearborn Street - Chicago. 014 649 645 3 §