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 Copy 1 
 
 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION 
 
 .Native Sows of Vermont. 
 
 SA.N FRANCISCO, CAL. 
 
 Report for the Years 1879-80 akd 1880-81. 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO: 
 
 M. S. Crocker & I'o., I'kintkrs. 
 
 1881 . 
 
 btCriLTAni'S uHitE 4c=3 CAL SI 
 
 _r-*' 
 
STATED MEETmaS. 
 
 Regular Monthly Socials are held on the second Friday 
 Evening of each month. 
 
 Annual Reunion, in commemoration of Vermont's independ- 
 ence, on January i6th. 
 
 Annual Picnic and Vermont " Sugaring-off," in the latter 
 part of May. 
 
 
(ir^tjficfrci for IS7!). 
 
 President : 
 DR. TRUMAN CROSSETT, 
 
 (Of Bennington, Vt. ) 
 
 Vice-Presuients : 
 BRAINARD C. BROWN, S. W. SHAW, 
 
 { Of Woodstock. ) ( Of Windsor. ) 
 
 A. C. TAYLOR, 
 
 (Of Westford.) 
 
 Secretary : 
 GEO. W. HOPKINS, 
 
 (Of liethel. ) 
 
 Treasurer : 
 
 DR. G. C. HOADLEY, 
 ( Of Woodstock. ) 
 
 Executive Committee : 
 Yi. C. BARNES, BRAINARD C. BROWN, 
 
 ( Of Burlington. ) (Of Woodstock. ) 
 
 MATTHEW BLAIR, GEO. W. CHAMBERLAIN, 
 
 (Of Ryegate. ) ( of Burlington. ) 
 
 A. F. GOSS, 
 
 ( Of Canaan. ) 
 
(SDffKcrs for 18«0. 
 
 President : 
 
 A. W. SCOTT, 
 (Of Bakersfield.) 
 
 Vice-Pn-sidents : 
 Hon. JAS. McM. SHAFTER, LUTHER C. DODGE, 
 
 ( Of Athens. ) ( Of Montpelier. ) 
 
 DR. G. C. HOADLEY, 
 
 (Of Woodstock. ) 
 
 Secretary : 
 GEO. W. HOPKINS, 
 
 (Of Bethel.) 
 
 Treasurer : 
 E. P. MONROE, 
 
 ( Of Wells. ) 
 
 Executive Committee : 
 CHAS. F. BASSETT, GEO. P. RIXFORD, 
 
 ( Of Ludlow. ) ( Of Highgate. ) 
 
 BRAINARD C. BROWN, F. A. WATERHOUSE, 
 
 ( Of Woodstock. ) ( Of Salisbury. ) 
 
 C. D. BURBANK, 
 ( Of Danville. ) 
 
 A uxillia ry Com m it tee : 
 Mrs. L. J. HARDY, Jr., Mrs. M. BLAIR, 
 
 Mrs. E. W. BURBANK. 
 
1 
 
 
 OfRciTs for issi. 
 
 
 President : 
 
 
 A. W. SCOTT, 
 
 
 ( Of Bakersfield. ) 
 
 
 Vice-Presidents : 
 
 Hon. JAS. McM. SHAFTER, LUTHER C. DODGE, 
 
 
 ( Of Athens. ) ( Of Montpelier. ) 
 
 
 Dr. G. C. HOADLEY. 
 
 
 (Of Woodstock.) 
 
 
 Sec ret a rj^ : 
 
 
 GEO. W. HOPKINS, Office, ii Montgomery Street. 
 
 
 Treasurer : 
 
 
 E. P. MONROE, 
 
 
 ( Of Wells. ) 
 
 
 Executive Committee : 
 
 H. 
 
 D. JAMESON, C. H. BLINN, 
 
 
 (Of Irasburgh. ) (Of Burlington.) 
 
 H. 
 
 A. DEMING, F. E. MARSH, 
 
 
 ( Of Chester. ) ( Of Sheldon. ) 
 
 
 Dr. G. C. HOADLEY, 
 
 
 ( Of Woodstock. ) 
 
 
 Auxilliary Committee : 
 
 xMrs. L. J. HARDY, Jr., Mrs. NELLIE HOLBROOK BLINN, 
 
 
 Mrs. II. D. JAMESON. 
 
 ■ 1 
 
Historical Iiteoductioi. 
 
 jOTN the latter part of the year 1878, three or four native Ver- 
 Ql monters were conversing together in this city on their 
 ^ reminiscenses of the dear old Green Mountain State, when 
 one of them suggested the formation of an association of Vermont- 
 ers resident on the Pacific Coast. The others grasped enthusi- 
 astically at the idea, and the immediate result was a call for all 
 native Vermonters who were interested in such a movement to 
 meet and talk the matter over. That meeting was held on the 
 evening of December 5, 1878. There were present: H. N. Til- 
 den, H. C. Barnes, Dr. C. L. Pierce, Dr. G. C. Hoadley, L. H. 
 Parker, T. H. Underwood, H. K. Cummings, Capt. A. C. Taylor 
 and Geo. W. Hopkins. After an informal exchange of ideas it 
 was agreed to organize an association. To that end a meeting 
 was called at private parlors of the Palace Hotel for December 
 10, 1878. At that meeting among those present, were: Wm. G. 
 Barrett, B. Burr, Matthew Blair, N. J. Bailey, H. C. Barnes, 
 H. K. Cummings, Dr. Truman Crossett, Geo. W. Chamberlain, 
 S. M. Collins, A. F. Goss, H. A. Haskins, L. A. Hayward, Dr. G. 
 C. Hoadley, Geo. W. Hopkins, T. B. Hurlburt, H. D. Jameson, 
 W. H. Orne, L. H. Parker, Maj. Rodney Smith, S. W. Shaw, 
 L. P. Tenney, H. N. Tilden, Capt. A. C. Taylor, J. B. Whitcomb 
 and Dr. C. L. Pierce. 
 
 A committee, consisting of Gen'l G. W. Chamberlain, S. W. 
 Shaw, Dr. C. L. Pierce, Dr. Truman Crossett, H. C. Barnes and 
 G. VV. Hopkins, was appointed to draft a constitution and by-laws, 
 and the meeting adjourned to meet at the same place on the i6th 
 of the same month. At the third meeting the Committee on 
 Constitution and By-laws were granted further time. Addresses 
 were made by Drs. Crossett and Pierce, and Messrs. Chamber- 
 lain, Crane, Barnes and Capt. Taylor. 
 
PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 The permanent organization was effected January 6, 1879, at 
 a meeting held at the same place, by the adoption of a constitu- 
 tion and by-laws, and election of the following named officers: 
 President, Dr. Truman Crossett; Secretary, Geo. W. Hopkins ; 
 Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Hoadley ; Vice-Presidents, B. C. Brown, 
 S. W. Shaw and Capt. Taylor; Executive Committee, H. C. 
 Barnes, (chairman,) B. C. Brown, Matthew Blair, Geo. W. Cham- 
 berlain and A. F. Goss. 
 
 The next meeting was held on the evening of January 13, 
 1879, ^t Washington Hall, 35 Eddy Street, which had been tem- 
 porarily engaged for the meetings of the association. The 
 evening was chiefly devoted to making arrangements for the first 
 anniversary festival of the association, the details of which had 
 been in the meantime considered by the Executive Committee, 
 whose report was adopted. At the anniversary meeting which 
 was held at the same place on Friday evening, January 17, 1879, 
 the worth of the organization was for the first time fully appreci- 
 ated. 
 
 It was the first time on this coast that a large meeting of Ver- 
 monters and their friends had ever been held. Up to this time 
 the meetings had of necessity been mainly devoted to the details 
 of business, but now there was nothing to be done but to renew 
 old acquaintances and form new ones, to talk over old times and 
 to make inquiries and give responses to questions regarding mu- 
 tual acquaintances in that State, so beloved by all members. 
 
 Many a man was astonished at meeting acquaintances at that 
 gathering whom, although he had known for years, he never 
 dreamed they were from his own native State. Never was a so- 
 cial gathering more happily provided with a common ground of 
 sympathy, and the only regret was that the hours passed so quick- 
 ly.^ The early part of the evening was devoted to dancing. 
 When supper was announced the assembled company formed in 
 march to the banquet hall, being led by Hon. Jas. McM. Shafter 
 and his daughter. After the company had partaken of a bounti- 
 ful repast, President Crossett arose, and after a few remarks, 
 proposed the first toast of the evening, 
 
 " The Day we Celebrate ;" which was responded to by Hon. 
 Jas. McM. Shafter. 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 
 
 The other toasts were as follows : 
 
 " Vej-mont ."' 
 
 " 'Tis a rougli land of rock and stone and tree, 
 Where lives no castled lord, no cabined slave ; 
 But hanil and tongue and thought are free, 
 
 And friends will find a welcome — foes, a grave. " 
 
 Responded to by Hon. G. W. Tyler. 
 
 " VerDwtit Soldiers in the Rebellion ; they proved that when 
 the 'federal cheer' was to drown the 'rebel yell/ it was well to do 
 as General Sedgwick did : ' Put the Vermont Brigade in front 
 and keep the column closed up.'' " Responded to by U. S. Internal 
 Revenue Agent, A. M. Crane. 
 
 " The Schools of Vermont ; the supporting columns of our in- 
 telligence and virtue ; may the schools of the Sierras never fall 
 below those of the Green Mountains." Response by City Supt. 
 of Schools, A. L. Mann. 
 
 " Middlehiry College.'" Response by Col. J. S. Byington. 
 
 " The Netvspaper Press of Vermont.'' Response by G. P. 
 RiXFORD, of the "Evening Bulletin." 
 
 " The Vermont University." Response by E. H. Rixford, Esq. 
 
 " The Daughters of Vermont.'" Response by Gen'l Geo. W. 
 Chamberlain. 
 
 " Green Mountain Grit ; ever ready to sharpen the sword of 
 freedom or dull the sword of oppression." Response by Capt. 
 A. C. Taylor. 
 
 " The Heroic Dead of Vermont ; the- memory of those who 
 died that the government 'of the people, by the people and for 
 the people' might not perish from off the earth." Response by 
 Rev. J no. Kim hall. 
 
 "_/(?//;/ G. Saxe and other Poets of Vermont.''' Response by 
 Prof W. T. Ross. 
 
 " San Francisco ; the Queen City of the Pacific ; when, like 
 Cornelia, she points to her children as her jewels, may Vermonters 
 be among them." Reponse by Supervisor A. W. Scott. 
 
lO PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 The company then adjourned to the main hall and enjoyed 
 themselves socially for an hour, before retiring to their homes. 
 
 From that time to the present the association has steadily in- 
 creased in numbers and prosperity. Nothing has occurred to mar 
 the harmony of its gatherings. Monthly meetings have been 
 held regularly, and for a year or more last past, these have been 
 held at Cambrian Hall, 1133 Mission Street. These meetings 
 have been largely attended and have been almost exclusively de- 
 voted to sociability, the business details of the organization being 
 arranged by the Executive Committee. 
 
 At these monthly gatherings the early part of the evening is de- 
 voted to musical exercises, recitations, readings, addresses, &c., 
 and after an hour has passed in this pleasant manner, refreshments 
 are served. The floor is then cleared, and the remainder of the 
 evening is devoted to dancing. Three picnics have been held. 
 The first at Schuetzen Park, Alameda, on May 24, 1879. About 
 two hundred persoais were present, and the affair was a success in 
 every way. 
 
 The second picnic was held at Shell Mound Park, Berkeley, 
 May 27, 1880, and was attended by about six hundred persons. 
 
 The third picnic was held at the same place. May 27, 
 1 88 1, at which upwards of nine hundred persons were present. 
 Among the features of the last two picnics were a genuine old- 
 fashioned Vermont "sugaring-off," with nut-cakes and New Eng- 
 land cider, literary exercises, dancing, games, &c. At the last 
 picnic an interesting and eloquent address was delivered by Hon. 
 Geo. W. Tyler. This address will be found in the later pages 
 of this volume. 
 
 The second annual reunion of the association was held at 
 B'nai B'rith Hall, on the evening of January i6, 1880, being 103 
 years since the day on which Vermont declared itself an inde- 
 pendent commonwealth. Upwards of three hundred Vermonters 
 and their friends were present at this exceedingly enjoyable meet- 
 ing. The first part of the evening's programme consisted of a 
 few admirably rendered musical exercises, closing with an eloquent 
 address by City Supt. of Schools, A. L. Mann. The floor was 
 then cleared, and after two or three dances the company ad- 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 11 
 
 joumed to the banquet hall below, where was served a genuine 
 Vermont supper, prepared entirely by the lady members of the 
 association. After supper the following toasts were proposed by 
 President Scott : 
 
 " The Day ice Celebrate." Being 103 years since the day when 
 
 " Hampshire giants were tracts of land, somewhat in disputation; 
 Tracked by the most intractable of all the Yankee nation ; 
 When Ethan Allen ruled the State with steel and stolen Scriptur — 
 Declared his beech-seal-war against New York, and took and whip't her." 
 
 Response by Mr. H. L. Dodge, Supt. San Francisco Mint. 
 
 '• Vermont ; among whose green hills we were cradled ; may 
 the rugged virtues of the Green Mountain State ever cling to her 
 sons and daughters." Response by Hon. Jas. McM. Shafter. 
 
 " California : the State of our adoption." Response by Capt. 
 A. C. Taylor. 
 
 "Memories of Childhood:' Response by Mr. F. M. Husted. 
 
 The company then returned to the hall, and dancing was re- 
 sumed until a late hour. 
 
 The third anniversary was held at the same place, on the 
 evening of the 17th of January, 1881. The character of the en- 
 tertainment was similar to that of the second reunion, though 
 there was a much larger attendance, the spacious hall being filled 
 to overflowing. 
 
 The communications from noted Vermonters and others in 
 the East, which were read at these reunions, will be found further 
 on. 
 
 It will be seen from this hasty review that a successful and pros- 
 perous organization of Vermonters on the Pacific Coast is an ac- 
 complished fact, and that the hopes of the most sanguine members 
 have been more than realized. But the success thus far attained, 
 only leads us to hope for greater things. Up to within a short 
 time the membership has been principally confined to San Fran- 
 cisco. It is now rapidly branching out, and Vermonters are joining 
 from all parts of the State. There are over two thousand 
 native Vermonters now living in California, and it is earnestly 
 
13 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 hoped that the day is not far distant when all these children, who 
 have strayed so far from their mother — dear old Vermont — shall 
 have joined themselves to this association, meeting together from 
 time to time, to recall incidents of early days, and to draw from 
 them fresh inspiration, so that ere long, the spirit and teachings 
 of our fathers shall be manifested visibly all over this our adopted 
 State. 
 
 San Francisco, July 25, 1881. 
 
 ■/^;# 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 13 
 
 ADDRESS 
 
 Delivered at the Second Annual Reunion of the P. C. A. Native 
 Sons of Vermont, at IVnai B'rith Hall, January i6, 1880, 
 by Supt. of Schools, A. I.. Mann. 
 
 Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, Sons and Daughters 
 OF Vermont : 
 
 One hundred and four years ago to-day our. forefathers met at 
 Dorset to organize a new and independent State ; one hundred 
 and three years ago yesterday they met again at Westminster, 
 completed their organization, and adopted the name of "New 
 Connecticut, alias Vermont." In commemoration of the birth- 
 day of our native State, we have assembled this evening, and our 
 thoughts naturally revert to the circumstances attending that in- 
 teresting period. Our ancestors were mainly emigrants from 
 Connecticut and Massachusetts — of the old Puritan stock. They 
 had settled upon the "New Hampshire Grants ;" had subdued the 
 wilderness, felling the forests to let in the light of heaven upon their 
 rude hearth-stones, overcoming savage beasts and still more savage 
 men. But now they had to face a new difficulty. The products 
 of their industry were claimed by the State of New York. A 
 long and bitter contest followed. After a hundred years we are 
 moved to smile at Ethan Allen's fierj' proclamations, and at the 
 grim humor attending the impression of the "beech-seal" upon 
 the backs of the meddlesome New York officials, and even at the 
 curious complication of difficulties which perplexed our fathers' 
 souls, just as we laugh at their home-spun clothes, and their frugal 
 diet of brown bread and pumjjkin-sauce ; but it was all terrible 
 earnest to them. They asserted their independence not only of the 
 British Crown, but of New York, New Hampshire, Massachu- 
 setts, and the Continental Congress itself. Only 20,000 strong, 
 they were yet sufficient for themselves ; they refused to submit 
 the question of self-government to any higher tribunal, holding 
 that the sacred question of human liberty could be settled by no 
 extraneous arbitrament. They joined the Federal Union only 
 when their deliberate judgment told them it was their interest to 
 do so, and that in so doing, they would still retain the essentials 
 of freedom. 
 
 Surely we need not travel south of Mason and Dixon's line for 
 a clear-cut illustration of the much-abused doctrine of states' 
 rights. 
 
14r PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 We may well be proud of our native State. Other States did 
 noble work in the great struggles that were necessary to found 
 and to preserve the republic ; other States had their peculiar trials 
 and difficulties, but none overcame severer obstacles with feebler 
 resources, with a more dauntless spirit, or with a more glorious 
 success. 
 
 A hundred years have wrought a wondrous change — 20,000 
 have become 350,000; three-fourths of the State, mountains and 
 all, is under cultivation ; there are thriving villages in every val- 
 ley; prosperous hamlets in the very heart of the Green Mountains; 
 factories by every stream ; and the church, the academy and the 
 school with their necessary attendants, intelligence and virtue, all 
 over the little State. Happy indeed would it be for the whole 
 country, if every State had developed in the same way, and now 
 presented the same characteristics as Vermont. It has but one 
 large city, and that has but 15,000 people. Its population is 
 mainly agricultural, owning the soil on which its labor is expended. 
 Its farms are small, averaging but little over a hundred acres. Its 
 farm industry is diversified, each farmer raising several crops, de- 
 voting his attention now to corn and now to hops or sugar or 
 stock ; thus taxing his ingenuity, calling for the use of tact and 
 fertility of mental resource, as well as for hard work, and furnish- 
 ing employment for himself and his "boys" and "hired men" the 
 year round. It has a comparatively small foreign population, the 
 proportion being one to seven, no larger than it can easily assi- 
 milate, and so it avoids the disorders so frequent where an unas- 
 similative element is in excess. Its town-population is no greater 
 than the necessities of the agricultural districts demand. Hence 
 the extremes of social condition are not so wide and strongly 
 marked as elsewhere. The lowest social unit is the "hired man," 
 generally of the same origin as the farmer himself, a neighbor's 
 son, it may be, who hopes to save from his wages enough to buy 
 a farm, or to "go West." Hence the town-meeting is a real de- 
 mocracy ; one man's opinion is as good as another's ; the dema- 
 gogue has no field in which to ply his baneful trade ; the best men 
 rule ; the State government is simple, inexpensive and practically 
 out of debt. There is no stock-market with its demoralization 
 of sudden wealth and sudden ruin ; no special legislation, no 
 great monopolies of land or transportaion, no Chinese, and hence 
 — no Dennis Kearney. 
 
 It is fortunate in its soil, climate and natural scenery. These 
 have been powerful factors in shaping the character of its people. 
 
 The cUmate while rigorous is yet healthy, and the soil fertile 
 enough to yield subsistence to unremitting toil, and to provide a 
 modest competence as a reward for a laborious life, does not fur- 
 nish homes for idlers, nor a "Garden of Eden" for those content 
 with fig-leaves for clothing. 
 
NATIVE SOXS OF VERMONT. 15 
 
 Its scenery is full of romantic beauty, and engenders the at- 
 tachment that all mountaineers feel for their native land. I have 
 traveled from l^ellows Falls to Manchester in a mountain stage- 
 coach, from Rutland to Ikthel in a family carriage, from White- 
 hall to Burlington, down the beautiful Champlain, in a steamboat, 
 over all the railroads of the State, along the Connecticut River on 
 foot, crossed Lake Champlain in midwinter on the ice to Fort Ti- 
 conderoga, have ridden in a sleigh through St. Albans, Sheldon and 
 Highgate to the Canada line, all in the fresh vigor of early youth, 
 filling my memory with beautiful pictures of lakes and mountains, 
 winding rivers, crystal brooks, peaceful meadows and paternal 
 mountains, that have not been effaced by later impressions of the 
 immense expanse of our own broad valleys, or the awful glories of 
 the Yosemite ; and when the day shall come to me that comes to 
 all, when the world and all its scenes shall fade from view, I ex- 
 pect, like Falstaff, in my last moments to "babble of green fields" 
 — the green fields of Vermont. 
 
 Two of these unequaled landscapes are before me now — the 
 view from the summit of Ascutney, and the view from the cupola 
 of the main building of the University of Vermont, at Burlington. 
 
 From Ascutney we see the greater portion of Vermont and 
 New Hampshire, the Green and the White Mountains, the Valley of 
 the Connecticut and, in every direction, rolling hills, silver streams 
 and green meadows, the beautiful environment of an intelligent, 
 industrious and liberty-loving people. 
 
 The view at Burlington is pronounced by Bayard Taylor the 
 finest in the world. In front, the broad lake with the noble Adi- 
 rondacks for a back-ground, and in the rear Mount Mansfield, the 
 Camel's Hump and the lovely Valley of the Winooski. I have 
 been reminded of the front or lake view by the prospect from the 
 Twin Peaks, looking east. The bay is not unlike Lake Cham- 
 plain, and the Mount Diablo Range bears some resemblance to 
 the Adirondacks. But the hills are generally brown and bare, the 
 bay is only for a moment like its prototype, the pure, blue lake, 
 and on the other side there are only the sand dunes in place of 
 the lofty mountains, and for the bright Winooski, that brackish 
 blessing in disguise, Laguna de Merced. 
 
 The late Stephen A. Douglass, when in the height of his fame, 
 and a prospective candidate for the presidency, said m a speech 
 at Brandon, his native town, that ''Vermont was a good State to 
 emigrate from."' His remark was not taken quite in the sense he 
 intended ; indeed, the good Vermonters thought it rather the re- 
 verse of complimentary, and by their votes in the following 
 election showed that, in their opinion, it was a good State for him 
 to emigrate from. But there is a sense in which the sentiment is 
 both just and redundant to the praise of our beloved State. For 
 to be a native of Vermont is to afford prima facie proof of indus- 
 try, intelligence, frugality and virtue. 
 
16 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 For one, I have a greater pride of ancestry resulting from the 
 fact that my father and grandfather wrung a scant subsistence 
 from the rugged hill-slopes and the narrow brook-sides of Vermont, 
 than if I could trace my lineage to any of the robber chieftains 
 that founded the noble famihes of Europe, or to the great Julius, 
 first of all the Csesars. As Vermonters we have a true patent of 
 7tobility ; we have all the honors and responsibilities of genuine 
 American aristocracy. It is ours to perpetuate the institutions 
 and the virtues of our sires — to exert our talents and energies to 
 the utmost, to make this land of our adoption a counterpart of 
 the land of our nativity. Three thousand miles from our birth- 
 place our country is unchanged. In the language of S. S. Prentiss 
 upon a similar occasion : "We do not meet as a band of exiles 
 upon the banks of a foreign river to mingle our bitter tears with 
 its flowing waters. Though far away from the homes of our child- 
 hood, our country is still the same. There still floats over us the 
 same bright banner of freedom, only its folds are broader, and 
 on its blue field there is a more numerous galaxy of stars." 
 
 Our adopted State of California is large enough for eighteen 
 States like Vermont. If it were as thickly settled, it would con- 
 tain 6,000,000 of people. The County of San Bernardino alone 
 is nearly large enough for two Vermonts. What shall be the fu- 
 ture condition of California? As intelHgent men and women we 
 are driven to ask ourselves this question. Only brutes live only in 
 the present. We are vindicating our claim to manhood this 
 evening by indulging in pensive or pleasant memories of the past. 
 The future, too, demands a moment's thought. Already we begin 
 to hear the confused sound of the voices of the coming time. 
 Shall they be voices of blessing and contentment, or of cursing, 
 anarchy and strife ? With us, individually and collectively, rests 
 in part the answer to the question. "We have no way of judging 
 of the future but by the past." The lesson of the past to us, is 
 that the prosperity and happiness of Vermont depend in a great 
 measure upon these elements : Her population is homogeneous ; 
 her pursuits are mainly agricultural ; farms are small, owned by 
 the tiller of the soil, and devoted to a variety of cultures ; labor 
 is respected, as there is no servile, alien class of menial laborers ; 
 there is a liberal, well sustained system of public schools, inclu- 
 ding high and normal schools. It is for us then to foster such in- 
 stitutions here ; to hold as a public enemy any man who attacks 
 our school system ; to discourage the holding of large tracts 
 of land ; to foster new industries ; to encourage respect for honest 
 labor ; to uphold the hands of upright officials, even if they may 
 not be what is called "popular;" and to spare no pains to rid 
 this State speedily of the plague of Chinamen. To these arduous 
 and beneficent duties we are called by the memories of the fair 
 land we have left behind ; by the traditions of six generations of 
 
freemen, who have made that land what it is to-day ; by our hopes 
 for the integrity and glory of the American Union ; by the inno- 
 cent voices of our children, and by our immediate successors, the 
 shadowy forms of coming generations, who will find for a country 
 that which we shall leave to them. 
 
 With others we will open mines, reclaim marshes, levee rivers, 
 cultivate corn and cotton, silk and wine; if possible, break up our 
 immense wheat prairies into orchards and hop-fields, build rail- 
 roads and engage in the countless varieties of manual, mercantile 
 and professional enterprise ; but let it be our peculiar province, 
 our " labor of love," to add to all these efforts in the line of ma- 
 terial prosperity, an earnest, constant endeavor to plant on this 
 congenial soil the public spirit and the domestic virtues of our 
 native State — our own Vermont. 
 
 <3S* 
 
GOMMUKICATIOKS 
 
 SECOND ANNUAL REUNION, B'NAI B'RITH HALL, FRIDAY 
 EVENING, JANUARY i6, 1880. 
 
 From Hon. T. W. FREELON. 
 
 Chambers Judge Superior Court, Department No. ii, 
 San Francisco, January 16, 1880. 
 
 Geo. W. Hopkins, Esq., 
 
 Secretary Pacific Coast Association, Native Sons of Vermont : 
 
 Dear Sir — I felt honored and pleased by receiving your invitation to at- 
 tend the exercises of your society. I understand also that it was expected 
 that I should make a few remarks on the occasion. I deem it a high compli- 
 ment. Where there is a fitting word to be said, Vermonters at home or 
 abroad will never lack the fitting man to say it. By your invitation you as- 
 sume that my utterances would be such as a Vermonter might give forth, and 
 such as Vermonters might listen to. In this, so far as the spirit goes, you on- 
 ly do me justice. The history of Vermont among the States is an exceptional 
 one, and the student of our institutions will find her action in the time that tried 
 men's souls, exceptionally brave and wise. I feel pride in the State, and 
 proud that I was born upon the banks of her beautiful river. What influence 
 greater wealth and luxury and ease of communication may have had upon her 
 social and religious and political character, I do not know, but down to a very 
 late period I should say that Vermont furnished the best illustration I have 
 ever heard of, of the capacity of man for self-government. She was indepen- 
 dent in her form of religion, in her schools, and in her township and county 
 and State systems. The town meeting was a better exemplar of free govern- 
 ment by the people and of and for the people, than has ever been furnished us 
 by the cantons of Switzerland, or by Athens or Sparta. The bed-rock of this 
 was, of course, the virtue and intelligence of the individual. The people were 
 of good old English independent stock, whose motto was steadfast and thorouji^/i. 
 The only tyranny was that of public opinion, an opinion quite sure to be right 
 in essentials, and if wrong in forms, the greater good overbalanced the evil. 
 But if I had not already passed the limits proper in such a note as this, I should 
 like, con amove, to say a word about the schools of Vermont. Should I ex- 
 press fully what I feel, it would lead to long dissertation and to unlimited 
 praise. I know of no other system so perfect in theory and practice. The 
 common schools were the nurseries of the public spirit and action. The boy 
 there showed the man. He there became fitted to assume and carry on the 
 duties of his father on the old homestead, and he there acquired the elements 
 necessary to develop, by after study and thought, whatever there was in the 
 individual worthy of farther development and scope. He did not leave the 
 common school learned in all arts and sciences and languages, but he there 
 laid the foundation of all knowledge; and Yankee quickness and industry, 
 where they existed, were sure to raise the superstructure. My physician for- 
 bids me, on account of a soreness of the throat, to go out in the air to-night, 
 so I am debarred the privilege of meeting with you on this interesting occa- 
 sion. My best wishes are with you at all times. 
 
 I am, respectfully. 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 T. W. FREELON. 
 
so PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 To the members of the Pacific Coast Association, Native Sons of 
 Vermont, at their annual meeting, to be holden at San Fran- 
 cisco, Cal., January ly, 1880. 
 
 A POEM 
 
 BY 
 
 MRS. M. S. TARBELL, 
 
 Of Craftsbury, Vermont. 
 WRITTEN BY REQUEST. 
 
 To the "Native Sons of Vermont," commingling as friends 
 At their annual feast, near the famed "Golden Gate," 
 
 A Vermont aged matron friendly greeting extends. 
 
 In behalf of old friends in the "Green Mountain State." 
 
 The honor your fraternal reunion bestows 
 
 On the land of your birth, that is far, far away, 
 
 (While robed in its mantle of white winter snows) 
 Speaks language we gladly would echo to-day. 
 
 It tells us its landscapes of beauties untold 
 
 On memory's tablets are legibly traced. 
 And so deeply engraved, that your treasures of gold 
 
 Have never as yet the impressions effaced. 
 
 Aye, more ; it assures us you are proud to belong 
 To the race whose ancestry did firmly unite — 
 
 And scorned to submit to oppression and wrong, 
 And State Independence assumed as their right. 
 
 And full well may Vermont claim with maternal pride 
 Her esteemed, noble sons, found in every State ; 
 
 The learned, who o'er thousands of students preside — 
 The lawyer, the statesman, the good, and the great. 
 
 One delicate link hasps the encircling chains 
 Of reciprocal friendship, at home and abroad ; 
 
 The dearly beloved ones, whose mortal remains 
 Lie safely encased 'neath Vermont sacred sod ! 
 
 The parent, the brother, the sister, the friend. 
 
 Sleep — 'til Gabriel, the ending of lime, shall declare, 
 
 When all shall awake — to the Judgment ascend — 
 .Shall we joyfully meet with the sainted ones there ? 
 
From Hon. WM. M. EVARTS. 
 
 Department of State, 
 Washington, D. C, January 7, 1880. 
 
 My Dear Sir— I am in receipt of your favor of the 27th of December. 
 I beg you to convey my hearty thanks to the "Sons of Vermont" upon the 
 Pacific Coast for the kind invitation to the second annual reunion, and my re- 
 grets that I shall not be able to avail myself of it. With my best wishes for 
 the prosperity of the association, I am, very truly yours, 
 
 WM. M. EVARTS. 
 To Geo. W. Hopkins, Secretary, 
 
 San Francisco. 
 
 From Hon. GEO. F. EDMUNDS. 
 
 U. S. Senate Chamber, 
 Washington, January 7, 1880. 
 
 Dear Sir — I have received yours of the 27th ult., enclosing invitation 
 to the second annual reunion of the Sons of Vermont on the Pacific Coast, 
 for which I thank you sincerely. It is a source of great pride to all Vermont- 
 ers that, although she suffers at home from so large a number of her children 
 seeking new fields of activity in the distant West, they have carried every- 
 where with them the spirit of her institutions, and have made that spirit grow 
 and be felt in the new communities where they have taken up their home. 
 We thus feel that the loss we have suffered by your departure has been greatly 
 counterbalanced by the benefit you have done in your new fields of labor, and 
 by the honor you have conferred upon her name. I wish you, and I am sure 
 all Vermonters do, every joy in the festivities of your reunion, and every suc- 
 cess in the future. Very truly yours, 
 
 Geo. W. Hopkins, Sec'y, &c., 
 
 San Francisco. 
 
 GEO. F. EDMUNDS. 
 
 From Lieutenant-Governor E. P. COLTON, 
 
 Irasburgh, Vt. , J.anuary 7, 1880. 
 
 Dear Sir — Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind remembrance, 
 tickets of admission to the second annual reunion of the Native Sons of Ver- 
 mont on the Pacific Coast. We send greeting to our many friends on that far- 
 off golden coast, and would be pleased if we could enjoy the pleasure of taking 
 them by the hand upon the occasion of the second annual reunion of the soci- 
 ety. It is a pleasure to know that those who have found homes in far-ofi lands, 
 kindly remember their native hills and valleys, the old hearth-stones around 
 which we clustered in our youthful days, and the dear friends they left at home. 
 Our hearts go out in sympathy towards our friends who have cast their lot on 
 that Western shore, trusting that they have carried principles along with them 
 which will be towers of morality and monuments of strength and beauty in the 
 State of their adoption. It is an honor to the State which gave birth to sons 
 who annually convene for the purpose of cherishing the recollections and asso- 
 ciations of their native commonwealth. Very truly yours, 
 
 E. P. COLTON. 
 To G. W. Hopkins, Secretary, 
 
 .San Francisco. 
 
as PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 Telegram from Governor HORACE FAIRBANKS. 
 
 St. Johnseury, Vt., January i6, 1880. 
 Geo. W. Hopkins, Sec'y, &c. : 
 
 Most cordial greetings to the Pacific Coast Association of the Sons of 
 Vermont, at their second annual reunion. 
 
 HORACE FAIRBANKS. 
 
 Telegram from the Illinois Association, Sons of Vermont. 
 
 Chicago, January 16, 1880. 
 
 Dear Sir — The sons of Vermont in Chicago, four huncired strong, 
 assembled this evening, send greeting to their Pacific brethren who are also 
 honoring the natal day of the Green Mountain State. 
 
 NORMAN WILLIAMS, 
 
 For the Executive Committee. 
 Geo. W. Hopkins, Secretary, 
 
 San Francisco. 
 
 In reply to which the following w^as telegraphed. 
 
 San Francisco, January 16, 1880. 
 Norman Williams, Chicago : 
 
 The Pacific Coast Vermonters, three hundred strong, assembled, return 
 hearty greeting to our Chicago brethren. We love all who were born in the 
 Green Mountain State. 
 
 GEO. W. HOPKINS, 'Secretary. 
 
 Following is a toast proposed at the second annual reunion, 
 at B'nai B'rith Hall, on Friday evening, January 16, 1880: 
 
 " The Day we Celebrate." Being 103 years since the day when 
 
 " Hampshire grants were tracts of land, somewhat in disputation; 
 Tracked by the most intractable of all the Yankee nation ; 
 When Ethan Allen ruled the State with steel and stolen Scriptur — 
 Declared his beech-seal-war against New York, and took and whip't her." 
 
 Responded to as follows, by Henry L. Dodge, Esq., Supt. of 
 the U. S. Mint, at San Francisco — 
 
 Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen : 
 
 To attempt to review the events foreshadowed in the senti- 
 ment just proposed, would be out of place, in the time allotted to 
 each speaker on this occasion. 
 
 We have met together as the native sons and daughters of 
 Vermont, and it is no disparagement to our adopted State that we 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. S3 
 
 do SO. We should indeed be recreant to our duty if we allowed 
 the memories of our noble defenders to pass into oblivion. It is 
 creditable to the Green Mountain State, that her sons are loyal to 
 her memory. In a family gathering like this, a little self-lauda- 
 tion may be indulged in with propriety. 
 
 We are wont to regard that old hero with iron sinews and 
 leathern lungs, Ethan Allen, as a man of God-like (lualities. To 
 his memory every true Vermonter brings a tribute. To him more 
 than to any other man, Vermont to-day owes her proud position 
 in the constellation of States. From him, and his kind, sprang 
 the sturdy men who, by emigration to the West, and Xhtfar West, 
 have aided largely in moulding the destinies of our younger States. 
 
 You will find on the Congressional register, and on the roll of 
 nearly every Constitutional convention since Vermont has been a 
 State, and in nearly every legislature, as well as at the bar and on 
 the bench of every Northern and Western State, able men from Ver- 
 mont. You may scan the records of their actions for deeds of ques- 
 tionable honesty, and you will find they compare more than favor- 
 ably with their neighbors. You may search the records of the re- 
 cent civil war, and you will find Vermont furnished the largest per- 
 centage of soldiers to the Union army, for her population, of any 
 State in the Union. You may search for deeds of daring and 
 valor, and you will find that the Green Mountain boys were never 
 shot in the back. In 1791 Vermont became a State, after a long 
 series of contentions and struggles with the adjoining States for 
 the supremacy of government on her own soil. In these struggles 
 the names of Allen, Warner, Baker, Schuyler, Montgomery, 
 Robinson, and many others were most prominent, and to their 
 memory is due the reverence of every son of Vermont. But 
 little more than one hundred years ago, Vermont was an unbroken 
 wilderness, occupied chiefly by wild beasts and hostile Indians. 
 
 What she is now with her churches and colleges, her excellent 
 common schools, with her unflinching loyalty to the Union and 
 Republican institutions, is largely due to the sterling qualities of 
 her early settlers. Those were qualities which make men, and 
 where you find a Vei'monter, you will- find a man, or better still, a 
 womati. 
 
 I say no word of disparagement of any other State. I,et 
 every loyal son of a loyal State sing the praises of his native land. 
 I venture to challenge any State to show a better representation 
 than we see here to-night. We left our old homes and firesides, 
 most of us, in the bloom of youth. We have labored, toiled and 
 grown gray in our new homes, and if we have laid one sound 
 timber in the structure of our new commonwealth, if by our 
 example or influence we have made one human being better, 
 or aided in any way the civilization we enjoy, it is due to the same 
 moral principles we inherited from our ancestors. 
 
34 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 Many of us have been here thirty years, many twenty years, 
 others a shorter time, yet who of us does not feel that he owns a 
 portion of this new State ? Who does not feel that Ver7nont grit 
 played a prominent part in forming and maintaining our liberal, 
 social and civil institutions on this coast ? 
 
 I repeat, we have a right to congratulate ourselves on the part 
 Vermonters have taken in this and almost every other young and 
 prosperous State. Will you glance over the Ust of distinguished 
 Vermont men who have passed away ? 
 
 You will find Crittenden, Douglass, Wright, Thad. Stevens, 
 Foote, CoUomer, Phelps, and one who recently graced our bench, 
 Shafter, and a host of others. Of the living I will not speak. 
 Their deeds will be recorded by the historian if worthy of record 
 — otherwise must pass into oblivion. I, for one, am proud of my 
 native State. I believe every true son and daughter of Vermont 
 has reason to rejoice in the same pride. I am proud of the record 
 of the Green Mountain heroes, whose bravery and daring won for 
 us our soil, and aided so largely in securing for us our liberty. I 
 am proud of old Ethan Allen. I am proud of his memorable 
 reply to De la Place, on the loth day of May, 1775, when asked 
 by what authority he demanded the surrender of Ticonderoga — 
 "In the name of the great Jehovah and the Continental Con- 
 gress" — and the authority was respected. I am proud of the 
 author of those spirited words so expressive of the sentiments of 
 early Vermonters. I know he was a Vermonter, and am sorry his 
 name has not been handed down to us. Although familiar to you 
 all, you will pardon the recital of a verse or two — 
 
 Ho ! all to the borders 
 
 Vermonters come down, 
 With your breeches of deerskin 
 
 And jackets of brown ; 
 With your red woolen caps 
 
 And your moccasins, come 
 To the gathering summons 
 
 Of trumpet and drum. 
 
 Come York or come Hampshire, 
 
 Come traitor and knave, 
 If ye rule o'er our land 
 
 Ye shall rule o'er our graves ; 
 Our vow is recorded, 
 
 Our banner unfurled, 
 In the name of Vermont 
 
 We defy all the world!" 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. S5 
 
 AN ADDRESS 
 
 On the Life and Character of Ethan Allen, delivered before the 
 Pacific Coast Association, Native Sons of Vermont, at Cam- 
 brian Hall, September lo, 1880, by Capt. A. C. Taylor. 
 
 Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen : 
 
 In all ages there have appeared on the stage of public action 
 men of herculean minds and bodies that raised them high above 
 their fellows, who towered upward, and upward, as do the great 
 trees of our Sierras, until those crested plumes rattle and sparkle 
 with the stars as they make their obeisance to the God that cre- 
 ated and gave them power of action ; brave, truthful, energetic, 
 determined men. Such a man was one of Vermont's earliest 
 pioneers, Colonel Ethan Allen. He was born in Litchfield, 
 Connecticut, April 13, 1739. ^i^ lineage was most illustrious — 
 the yeomanry of New England — men that are the stability of 
 States in peace, and its defenders in war. Such men as in our 
 late civil strife thrust their lives into the breach and rolled on in 
 triumph the Union car. 
 
 What book learning he possessed was acquired by a few months' 
 study in the winter at the old brown school house on " Litchfield 
 Hill." The master's rod or books had little to do with forming 
 the character of Allen. The great braun and brain were so 
 rubbed for a living on Connecticut's sterile soil that when he 
 arrived at manhood he was like the roughest stone ground on the 
 lapidary's wheel, the friction had worn off the surface. Then 
 was seen the beauty and brilliancy of the fiery gem. This, with 
 the moral training of a more than Roman mother, cemented as 
 one of those great gifts of nature, and made this Leonidas of Ver- 
 mont — -this Spartan hero of the eighteenth century. 
 
 At the period of colonial history when young Allen was march- 
 ing step by step from youth to manhood, Vermont, the land of 
 our birth, although a century had elapsed since its discovery by 
 De la Mont and Champlain, remained an unbroken wilderness. 
 It was not until after the close of the bloody strife between 
 France and England, that ended as far as it effected the colonies 
 on the plains of Abraham at Quebec, on the 13th day of September, 
 1759, where fell two of the most consummate commanders of the 
 age. General Montcalm and General Wolfe. That ensanguined 
 battlefield sealed forever the supremacy of England in North 
 America. Shortly thereafter the green mountains were to hear 
 
other music besides the screech of the owl and war-whoop of the 
 wild Indian. 'i"he sound of the woodman's ax, the bleating of 
 the domestic flocks, was soon to produce more congenial music, 
 for New England civilization was taking a long stride over the 
 Mount Verd Mountains. 
 
 In 1763, Ethan Allen, with three brothers, joined the throng 
 of emigrants to seek their fortunes in Vermont. By the well- 
 directed blows of the axman, the forests receded before them. 
 They cleared farms, planted orchards, built rude homes, and 
 laid a solid foundation for family associations, happiness and 
 prosperity. Whilst thus pursuing these peaceful employments 
 another cloud burst upon them in the shape of a claim to these 
 lands promulgated by the Governor of the State of New York. 
 To understand the legal status of Allen and his associates, we 
 must turn back on history's page. There we find that notwith- 
 standing the bull of the Pope, giving all of the discovered and 
 undiscovered lands of the New World to his pious children, 
 Portugal and Spain — that some of his more distant relatives 
 ignored this " bull of bulls," — this division. France, Holland 
 and England made discoveries, and by right of such claimed 
 territories in America. England, whose voyagers had "bumped" 
 along the coast from Nova Scotia to Cape Fear, early in the six- 
 teenth century divided this claimed territory into sections, called 
 North and South Virginia. The latter included the territory 
 south of Chesapeake Bay to Cape Fear, and west of the Pacific 
 Ocean. North Virginia, from a parallel of latitude striking the 
 Bay of Flushing — Long Island — on the south, to the Canadas on 
 the north, from the Atlantic on the east to the great Pacific 
 Ocean on the west. 
 
 Thus, it will be seen that there was an intervening space of 
 more than two hundred miles between North and South Virginia. 
 This intervening territory was claimed and colonized by other 
 European nations, /. c, Holland and Sweden. These two great 
 divisions of the claims of England, were in the year 1 605 granted 
 to two companies called the London and Plymouth. To the latter 
 belonged all North Virginia. In 1606 the Plymouth Company, 
 soon after receiving their charter, dispatched an agent to America 
 to inspect their property. The interior of the country now called 
 New England was an unknown land until 1614. The energetic 
 Captain Smith not only explored the coast, but the rivers pene- 
 trating the wilderness. He laid his report before Prince Charles, 
 the heir apparent to the throne. This report so pleased the 
 Prince that he nam^d the country "New England." The Plymouth 
 Company, after this favorable report of their agent Smith, in 
 order to make their claims doubly sure, applied to the King in 
 the name of the Plymouth Council for a new patent, which was 
 granted. Thus, this new corporation, under the name of the 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 
 
 "Plymouth Council," superseded the original "Plymouth Com- 
 pany." 'J'his patent is noted l)y being stamped with the seal of 
 King Charles First, as one of his last acts between the Crown and 
 colonies before he dispensed with the use of a British patent. 
 This patent gave to the assignors of the Plymouth Company, 
 namely, the Plymouth Council, ^he vast domain of more than a 
 million scjuare miles, lying between the fortieth and forty-eighth 
 degrees of north latitude, thence to the Pacific Ocean. These 
 immense possessions were conveyed to them as absolute owners 
 of the soil. They embraced the finest portion of the Continent. 
 The patent of this domain was signed and sealed by the Crown 
 on the 3d of November, 1629. 
 
 Under this grant of the British Government to the Plymouthers 
 of all North Virginia under the patent given to those assigns, the 
 Plymouth Council, stamped with the seal of the Crown in 1629, 
 our forefathers obtained title to those lands, and settled the New 
 England States. 
 
 In or about the year 1755, Bennington Wentworth was by the 
 Crown appointed Governor of the State of New Hampshire. His 
 commission authorized him to grant or sell unimproved lands within 
 his jurisdiction, or within the limits of his i)rovince. Under this 
 power so derived, he surveyed one hundred and thirty-six town- 
 ships of land in the wilderness of Vermont, and issued grants for 
 its settlement. These New Hampshire grants, coming through a 
 long line of patents and grants from the British Government, 
 were the title deeds of our Vermont fathers to these possessions. 
 Thus is seen by this short but correct abstract, that these Green 
 Mountain Boys had all the title any government can give its sub- 
 jects, in addition to that inalienable one God has given to all 
 men, to occupy and till for their sustenance the land he cre- 
 ated for that purpose. On the other hand, the title under which 
 the State of New York set up their claim was of subsequent date, 
 namely, 1664. And its very ear-marks entitle its author as pos- 
 sessing the attributes of his age, low cunning or "king craft." 
 This grant was given by the pious Charles the Second to his 
 more pious brother, James, Duke of York. Now, what does 
 this grant confer on James ? Not a whit more or less than what 
 he stole from innocent j)arties. It robbed the heirs and assigns 
 of the Plymouth Council, and the New England States west of 
 the Connecticut River. Secondly, it stole from Sweden and Hol- 
 land their lands and subsecjuent jurisdiction over their subjects in 
 America. View this document in the light of common sense, and 
 it must be pronounced one of the most audacious attempts at 
 kingly thievery made in that or any other age. These conflicting 
 titles to land were in 1770 agitating the minds of the fathers of 
 Vermont. 
 
 In 1769 Gamar Wentworth and James Dismore left these 
 
S8 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 conflicting claims of jurisdiction to King George Third. He 
 decided in favor of the strongest party, /. e., New York. The 
 Vermonters paid httle attention to this decision, for they scarcely 
 expected that it would affect their rights of property. In 1771 
 they were served with writs from the King's Bench, and for 
 Allen to appear before them. One settler had been served with 
 a writ of ejectment, returnable to the Court at Albany. The time 
 had now come to attend to the matter, for if judgment was given 
 against this settler it settled the stahis of all. Allen was appointed 
 agent to attend the Court. He, and the ablest lawyer of Con- 
 necticut, with their saddle bags filled with title deeds, appeared 
 before the Court. The case was called, and the answer was 
 made — that of previous title and occupancy, and improvement. 
 This answer was ignored by the attorney of New York, and he 
 argued that the Court could not go behind the "Returning Board," 
 that King George's decision was final. So said the Court, and 
 that ended the case. Allen gathered up his papers and was depart- 
 ing, when the State's Attorney commenced reading him a lecture. 
 He told him "might made right," and advised him to tell those 
 settlers to make the best terms possible for themselves with this 
 united band of land thieves, for it was now well understood that 
 their farms were already parceled out amongst judges, attorneys, 
 juries, and others who at this time were "toadying" to kingly 
 power. This lecture excited the ire of Allen. It made his bosom 
 heave with Norman fire, and he broke the sentence with these 
 laconic words, worthy to be uttered by a Roman Senator in the 
 best days of the Republic: "Sir," says he, "I see the Gods of 
 these valleys are not the Gods of the Green Mountains." The 
 State's Attorney asked an explanation. He is told to cross the 
 Rubicon and enter Vermont, and he shall receive one he will ever 
 remember. Allen returns; the settlers are assembled in con- 
 vention; the decision is made known. Allen tells them there 
 is but one alternative left, and that is to defend their firesides, 
 wives and children with all the powers God Almighty has 
 given them. So said they all. Allen is chosen commander in 
 chief, and Warner his lieutenant. Then and there, the first of 
 1772, he drew his sword for right, justice and liberty. And 
 it was never returned to its scabbard until victory was achieved. 
 Soon surveying parties and settlers from New York made their 
 appearance. They were ordered homeward, and those who 
 lagged were treated to a dose of medicine from doctor's hickory, 
 birch and beech, which proved an effective remedy. And 
 sometimes they varied the medicine. Near Bennington there 
 resided a physician who displayed great zeal in opposition to the 
 Vermont settlers. He was one day called before "the Boys." 
 His case was reported upon as one that required a peculiar rem- 
 edy. There, before the Mountain Tavern, stood a forty foot 
 
NATIVE SOS'S OF VERMONT. SG 
 
 pole, and on its apex for a sign was a stuffed catamount, with 
 gnashing teeth, glaring eyes and outstretched tail, and nose point- 
 ing towards New York. The crowd decided to have the Doctor 
 keep it company for two hours. 
 
 "There, at the cat and pole's extended top, 
 These mountain hoys made sure the rope; 
 The other end made fast and sure, 
 Through the doctor's breeches they secure. 
 Up goes the doctor, with open mouth the cat to grace. 
 Dangling like a globe in empty space." 
 
 The settlers continued in a successful manner to baffle the New 
 York authorities. The Governor was aroused to more decided 
 action. He sent the Sheriff Ten Eyck, with a posse of six hun- 
 dred men, to eject nine farmers and bring them prisoners to Albany. 
 The Sheriff' found the men ready to receive him. They were 
 entrenched in their dwellings. The Sheriff commanded them, in 
 the King's name, to surrender. They told him to come on if 
 he wanted hash meat for breakfast, for they were ready for the 
 slaughter. Whilst thus parleying, there appeared on his right 
 flank, Warner, with eighty men, and on his left, Allen, with one 
 hundred more, and with their rifles at a poise. The Sheriff con- 
 cluded that retreat was the better part of valor, and so immediately 
 returned to Albany. Tryon, the Governor, was so enraged at this 
 defeat, that he offered ;!^25o reward for the apprehension of Allen 
 and others. Allen retaliates on the Governor by offering jP^k, for 
 the delivery of New York's State Attorney into the hands of the 
 Green Mountain Boys. The low price set on this officer's head 
 they considered the greatest of all outrages. 
 
 In 1774, the State of New York by an act declared Allen and 
 others outlaws, and if they did not surrender within seventy days 
 sentence of death should be passed on them. This had no other 
 effect than to make them more watchful. They continued to clear 
 the State of land thieves, and protect all in their honest employ- 
 ment. It is a noted fact that during this border warfare for the 
 rights of these settlers, Vermont increased in population from four 
 to over twenty thousand, and this the elan and fiery spirit, the best 
 part of New England's production. For over four years this hardy 
 band of men, headed by Ethan Allen, had like tigers kept the 
 sleuth hounds of kingly power at bay, when early in 1775 ^^ is 
 changed. The storm which had for years been brewing between 
 the mother country and the colonies had burst forth, and driven 
 Tryon and his Tory hordes from power. Scarcely had the blood 
 of liberty's martyrs dried on the soil of Lexington, when Allen 
 and his boys took in the whole situation, and for right and lib- 
 erty they were ready to fight all creation. There on the borders 
 
30 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 of Champlain Lake stood Fort Ticonderoga, the key of the 
 northern gate. Allen saw the value of this great prize. On May 
 lOj 1775, he takes it by surprise; within its walls, hurrah God's 
 echo through the skies. De la Place asks by what authority he is 
 commanded to surrender; learns it's the will of Jehovah, the 
 Continental Congress, endorsed by Green Mountain thunder. 
 The capture of this strong position in this early period of colo- 
 nial struggles for liberty, was of the utmost importance. For 
 there fell into their hands over one hundred cannon, and other 
 military stores sufficient to equip a small army. In the fall of 
 that year might be heard the voice and whip of the teamster, as 
 he urged onward his ox teams dragging these guns to the vicinity 
 of Boston. There they were soon in position, sending fiery com- 
 pliments in shot and shell of the Green Mountain Boys to General 
 Howe, and his Tory friends in Boston. 
 
 We will next notice our hero in his attempts to surprise and 
 capture Montreal. True to his word he crossed the St. Lawrence 
 on a stormy night, June 26, 1775, with eighty-one men, mostly 
 Canadian volunteers. Failing of Major Brown's support, as prom- 
 ised him, morning found him isolated and helpless before the city, 
 with no chance of retreat. He is soon surrounded by 600 British 
 Canadians and Indians. Bravely fighting them for two hours 
 until his ranks were reduced over one-half, he said he thought 
 the "kingdom to come" at hand. Being sorely pressed on all 
 sides by wild Indians, he projected an immediate fortification, 
 not then, or now laid down in the military books. He seizes a 
 small Frenchman by the shoulder and spins him around his 
 head, and thus kept the Indians at bay, until a British officer 
 comes to the front and receives Allen's sword in token of their 
 surrender as prisoners of war. All received that treatment due 
 to such as prisoners of war by the British officers at Montreal. 
 Soon St. John surrenders to General Montgomery; Montreal is 
 invested; for safety the prisoners are removed down to Quebec. 
 Then commenced the inhuman treatment of Allen and his asso- 
 ciates, which is a lasting disgrace to civilization. They are 
 entrusted to the keeping of the notorious Guy Johnson, that old 
 Tory who had just been driven by Herkimer from the upper 
 Mohawk. He ordered a blacksmith, who forged rude hand ruf- 
 fles clinched to the wrists by iron grips. Thus ironed, they were 
 confined in prison and on shipboard for months. Montreal fell 
 into the hands of Montgomery. The English Governor-General 
 retreated to Quebec. These Vermont boys were but on board a 
 British ship bound for Bristol, England, still accompanied by the 
 brutal Johnson. On this voyage down the St. Lawrence occurred 
 an incident showing the love of right, and herculean strength of 
 Allen. Whilst handcuffed, walking around on deck, one of these 
 unprotected men was grossly insulted, and most inhumanly treated 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 31 
 
 by an officer. This so enraged Allen that he bit off the nail by 
 which his handcuffs were fastened, and with 6ne well-directed 
 blow of his Green Mountain maul sent the officer bleating and 
 bleeding like a stabbed calf to the scui)pers. For this daring 
 infraction of the rules of His Majesty's government, all of the 
 prisoners were double ironed, and confined in the ship's hold for 
 over thirty days when they reached England. Imagination can 
 better conceive than tongue express the forlorn condition of these 
 men when they again saw sunlight, and breathed the sweet air of 
 heaven. With trembling limbs and swollen and ulcerated bodies, 
 covered only by the remnants of unchanged clothing in which 
 they were taken prisoners long months before, unshaven, and 
 uncombed locks filled with all the accompaniments of crawling life, 
 these martyrs in the sacred cause of liberty presented a spectacle 
 piteous and deplorable. From Bristol they were removed to Fun- 
 dise Castle, which was in charge of a humane man named Gen- 
 eral Hambleton. Although he could not knock off their shackles, 
 yet he alleviated their sufferings to the best of his ability. All, by 
 a change of clothing, were made to appear decent. As to Allen, 
 he fared sumptuously. The General sent him every day a bottle 
 of wine, and dinner from his own table. But there was a report 
 earnestly believed by all, that these men were soon to grace the 
 gallows, to be hung as rebels, to strike awe into the minds of men, 
 of the end of all those who dared raise their arms against the 
 despotic power of a kingly government. The idea of hanging 
 did not suit Allen's fancy. He asked for and received materials 
 to write a letter to the Continental Congress. The officers thought 
 that he would tell Congress of the power of the King, and the 
 utter helplessness of their cause, and that he would advise them 
 to make the best terms they could for peace. But no ! Not a 
 bit of such twaddle. He wrote a plain and succinct history of 
 their captivity and treatment since they were made prisoners, and 
 advised Congress not to retaliate if in their power until they 
 heard the fiinal se(]uence of their fate. He sealed the letter, and 
 with a bold hand directed it to His Most Excellency, the Pres- 
 ident of the Continental Congress. This epistle was sent to the 
 British Minis.try, where Allen designed it to go. It had its effect — 
 to set the Ministry to thinking. It was seized upon by the friends 
 of the colonists in Parliament. The irons were taken off the men, 
 who were ever after treated as prisoners of war. And ultimately 
 it led the Ministry to write to their commander in America to open 
 up a correspondence with General Washington for an exchange of 
 prisoners. We next find Allen with the other prisoners on board 
 a ship joining the fleet, then moored in Cork harl>or, and soon to 
 sail for America. No sooner is it known that these unfortunate 
 men are on board this vessel than the warm hearted sons of Erin 
 become their true Samaritans, administering to their every want. 
 
3S PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 All are furnished with a change of raiment, with tea, sugar, rice, 
 etc., to make them comfortable on their voyage to America. 
 These stores were taken from them by the orders of the inhuman 
 Captain. To Allen had been presented two suits of broadcloth 
 and two beaver hats, one being trimmed a la militaire. We next 
 behold our hero pacing the deck of an English man of war. He 
 is ordered down below, and informed the deck is for the use of 
 geritletnen only. Obeying, he appears the next day on deck attired 
 in his best clothes, and head covered with the soldier beaver. 
 The Captain thus accosted him : "Did I not tell you the deck 
 is for gentlemen?" "Yes; I am a gentleman and a soldier." 
 "Well," said the Captain, "you may walk on the lee side; but 
 the windward is reserved for His Majesty's officers." On every 
 fair day might be seen on the windward side of the ship, strutting, 
 this pimp of despotic power ; on the leeward, the broad strides of 
 Allen, the representative of American freedom. We next notice 
 him on board the frigate " Lark," bound to New York, Captain 
 Smith. On coming on deck, he is met by the Captain with both 
 hands extended, and told that he knew of his sufferings, and that 
 he and his fellow prisoners should receive only just treatment on 
 board his vessel. These kind words moved Allen to tears, for 
 they were the first spoken to him by a British officer since his 
 imprisonment. He thanked him, and said if it ever was in his 
 power he would reciprocate this kindness, little thinking then that 
 he could soon repay it, and reward the humanity of this noble 
 man, princpal and interest. For scarcely were they well on 
 their voyage before a mutiny was planned to kill the Captain, 
 plunder the ship, divide the gold on board, and steer for some 
 Spanish island. Allen was approached by a delegation of the 
 crew and prisoners to take the leadership of the plot. " What," 
 says he, " murder the only humane Englishman I've seen for 
 years ? No ! never. Abandon this unholy enterprise, or I will 
 see you all hanged on the yard arm." And they did abandon it. 
 And next Allen is seen in New York, surrounded by men high 
 in the councils of the British nation. He is approached by one 
 of the King's own, praising his bravery and prowess, telling him 
 of the utter hopelessness of freedom's cause, and advising him to 
 abandon it and espouse that of the King. He should be enriched 
 with plenty of gold, be elevated to a higher office, and at the 
 close of the rebellion stand on " Camel's Rump," and have all 
 the land his heart could wish. Allen was no Benedict Arnold. 
 He answered this proposition like a Spartan. " Your offer," says 
 he, "reminds me of a tale much sacred, and read by my mother : 
 how Old Beelzebub took Christ up on a high mountain and pointed 
 out all the kingdoms of the earth, and assured him if he would 
 fall down and worship him they all should be his. At the same 
 time the Devil, hke your King, did not own one foot of land on 
 earth." 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 33 
 
 Again, Allen is seen holding a national jubilee in the Provost 
 Prison, where he was confined on bread and water for protesting 
 against the inhuman treatment of American prisoners at the 
 " Wallabout," where they were dying by hundreds through poison 
 and starvation, brought on by that old Tory and villain, then at the 
 head of the British Commissary Department, Old Cunningham. 
 Whilst he was in confinement, a prisoner from below shoved up a 
 paper containing the news of Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga. 
 This so elated him that his lungs made the roof tremble. The 
 prison keeper thought he had gone crazy, as peal after peal of 
 hurrahs shook the whole fabric. Citizens, officers and soldiers 
 gathered at the bars of his cell to learn the cause of all this noise. 
 Allen tells them he is holding a national jubilee over the glorious 
 news that the whole British army, under Burgoyne, are marching 
 on to Boston, keeping step to the tune of Yankee Doodle. On 
 May 3, 1778, he is seen embracing Major Campbell, a British 
 officer on Staten Island, where the meeting of both was equally 
 cordial. The officers were there exchanged, and both regained 
 their liberty. Next he appears with Washington at Valley Forge, 
 and again before the Continental Congress at York, thanking 
 them for the great interest they had taken in his treatment and 
 long captivity. He receives from Congress their thanks for his 
 fidelity, and a commission as Colonel in the Continental army, 
 and with an unlimited furlough, in order that he might recruit a 
 constitution shattered l)y hardships and prolonged imprisonment. 
 
 Early on the evening of the last day of May, 1778, Allen, unher- 
 alded arrived at his old stamping ground in Bennington. The 
 news of his arrival soon spread all around, from valley to hill and 
 mountain, and before two o'clock on the day following thousands 
 of men, women and children had gathered from the country to 
 bid him welcome. Colonel Hearch, he who had so nobly sec- 
 onded Stark the year before at Bennington, brought out one of 
 the cannon captured by Allen at old " Ti," and fired a salute of 
 fourteen guns— thirteen for the Continental Congress, and one 
 for the little " North Star," Vermont. For it must be remembered 
 that she applied in 1776 to be admitted into the Confederation, 
 but was opposed by New York. She withdrew her petition, and 
 on the 17th day of January, 1777, declared her independence not 
 only from New York and New Hampshire, but from all the rest of 
 " God;s creation." She adopted an organic law, sufficiently broad 
 to protect all of her people in freedom's fullest enjoyment. Ever 
 after this Vermont has stood like her mountains, on the solid gran- 
 ite beneath her surface. Allen fully comprehended the situation. 
 Her citizens asked for and cheerfully received his undivided 
 attention and support. He was again elected the Commander- 
 in-Chief of her soldiers. The British in Canada and in New 
 York saw her isolated position. Soon they sent emissaries to 
 
34. PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 sound these Vermont leaders. Allen saw that now was the oppor- 
 tunity to " play possum " in favor of Vermont. A correspondence 
 was presently opened with the commanders in Canada, which 
 stopped the invasion and led to a cartel for an exchange of pris- 
 oners. During this coquetry, that gave Congress some uneasi- 
 ness, Allen wrote his famous letter to Congress reiterating in the 
 strongest terms Vermont's claims to independent sovereignty, and 
 referred indignantly to the attempts of neighbors to abridge her 
 rights and destroy her existence. He said : " No one can doubt 
 my sincere attachment to the cause of my country and liberty ; 
 and I am as resolutely determined to defend the independence 
 of Vermont, as you are that of our common country. And before 
 I will succumb to the dictation of States, or be foiled by ene- 
 mies, I will, rather than fail, retire with the hardy Green Moun- 
 tain Boys to the caverns of their mountains and wage war with 
 human nature at large." This Talleyrand coquetry was carried 
 on only by Allen with General Haldamand, and kept back an inva- 
 sion of the Colonies by the way of the lakes, until Washington had 
 matured his plans for corraling Cornwallis at Yorktown, which vic- 
 tory ended the war for American Independence. 
 
 Few men engaged in the struggle for American liberty were 
 more highly appreciated by their companions in that struggle than 
 Ethan Allan, the hero of Ticonderoga. 
 
 At length he retires from public toil to the peaceful pusuits of 
 a farmer, beloved and respected by all, and adored by his old com- 
 panions in arms. 
 
 Allen was not perfect ; for he was human. He was not pol- 
 ished, as some fancy a man must be to be great. He had but 
 little book learning, for he had no chance to acquire it. As for 
 a polished exterior, he neither possessed nor needed it ; for his 
 whole life was spent with the rugged pioneers of the borders. 
 But he was endowed by nature with a mighty mind; a body of 
 adamant, a soul of fire. Beneath his broad shoulders was encased 
 a heart as big and verdant as the Green Mountains, ever beating 
 .in sympathy with oppressed humanity. 
 
 Colonel Ethan Allen died at Burlington, on April 12, 1787, 
 and was buried on the bluff o'erlooking the blue waters of one 
 of Vermont's loveliest rivers, along whose shores his herds and 
 flocks did feed and roam ; and so long as the silvery spray of the 
 VVinooski mingles with the sunbeams of Heaven, so long will the 
 sons and daughters of Vermont remember the name and fame of 
 the man who abandoned the peaceful life of a farmer and drew 
 his sword in the defence of their mothers' homes and firesides — 
 of right, and man's liberty. And as they 'gaze on his tomb, amidst 
 the roar of the falls of the Winooski, they will say to the cataract's 
 roar^ — roar ever, for you are but chanting a requiem to Vermont's 
 noblest pioneer hero. 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 3G 
 
 Communications 
 
 lO I HI- 
 
 THIRD ANNUAL REUNION, B'NAI irRlTII HALL, MONDAY 
 EVENING, JANUARY 17, 1881. 
 
 From Hon. GEO. F. EDMUNDS. 
 
 U. S. Sknate Chamher, 
 Washington, December 22, 1880. 
 
 Dear Sir— I have your kind invitation to attend the third annual reunion 
 of the Native Sons of Vermont, at San Francisco, January 17th. Of course, 
 it is impossilile for me to have that pleasure, but I appreciate highly your 
 remembrance of me on your far-off coast. I hope the sons of Vermont will 
 have what they deserve— a most agreeable and jirofitable reunion, and I am 
 sure they will never forget their native hills, and that they will continue to be 
 examples of true Vermont character. Very sincerely yours, 
 
 ^ GEO. F. EDMUNDS. 
 
 To Geo. W. Hopkins, Sec'y, &c., 
 
 .San Francisco. 
 
 From Gen'I GARFIELD. 
 
 MiCNTOR, Ohio, December 22, 1880. 
 
 Dear Sir- Vour letter of the 14th inst. came duly to hand. I regret 
 that it is impossible for me to attend the reunion. Thanking you and your 
 committee none the less for the kind invitation, I am. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 J. A. GARFIELD. 
 
 Geo. W. HorKiNS, Secretary, 
 
 San Francisco. 
 
 From Rev. C. L. GOODELL. 
 
 St. Louis, Mo., December 20, 1880. 
 Geo. W. Hopkins : 
 
 Dear Sir— Mr. and Mrs. Goodell beg to present their hearty thanks for 
 the courteous invitation to be present at the third annual reunion of the Native 
 Sons of Vermont. We shall be sure to be there in soitl any way, and if we 
 get 7vinss before that time, we shall be there in body also. With best wishes 
 for a pleasant time, I am, sincerely yours, ^r^r^■r^T-T t 
 
 ' C. L. goodlll. 
 
3Q PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 • From President HAYES. 
 
 Executive Mansion, 
 Washington, December 28, 1880. 
 To the Native Sons of Vermont of San Francisco and the Pacific Coast : 
 All hail "the star that never sets" — best wishes to her sons. 
 
 R. B. HAYES. 
 
 Accompanying the greeting of President Hayes, was the fol- 
 lowing speech, delivered by him at the first annual dinner of the 
 New England Society of Brooklyn, N. Y., December 21, 1880: 
 
 "Mr. President and Gent/emen of the Ne^u England Society : We have 
 often heard the phrase — 'New England ideas.' It is said, and I think said 
 truly, that those ideas have a large and growing influence in shaping the aff"airs 
 of the people of the United States. It is not meant, I suppose, that the prin- 
 ciples referred to in this phrase are peculiar to New England, but merely that 
 in New England they are generally accepted, and perhaps there they had their 
 first practical illustration. These ideas, these principles, generally termed 
 New England ideas and New England principles, it seems to me have had 
 much to do with that prosperity which we are now enjoying, and about which, 
 perhaps, we are apt to be too boastful, but for which it is certain we cannot be 
 too grateful. [Applause.] The subject of New England ideas is altogether 
 too large a one for me, or for anybody, to discuss this evening. If it was to be 
 done at length, in protracted speaking, we have our friends here, who have a 
 reputation, and who have a capacity that way — my friend Mr. Evarts, for 
 example, [applause,] and Mr. Beecher, [increased and enthusiastic applause,] 
 and I am confident that I shall be excused for naming in this connection, 
 above all, our friend General Grant. [Tremendous applause.] Leaving, then, 
 to them the discussion of the large topic, I must content myself with the 
 humble duty of merely naming the New England ideas to which I refer. New 
 England believes that every man and woman, under the law, ought to have an 
 equal chance and an equal hope with every other man and women. [Applause.] 
 It believes that in a country where that is done, individuals and society will 
 have their highest development and the largest allotment of human happiness. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 " New England believes that equal rights can best be secured in a country 
 where every child is provided with the means of education. [Applause.] New 
 England believes that the road, the only road, the sure road, to unquestioned 
 credit and a sound financial condition, is the exact and punctual fulfillment of 
 every pecuniary obligation, public and private, [applause,] according to its 
 letter and spirit. [Renewed applause.] New England believes in a home, 
 and in the virtues that make home happy, [applause,] and New England will 
 tolerate, so far as depends on her, no institution and no practice, in any State 
 or Territory, which is inconsistent with the sacredness of the family relation. 
 [Hearty applause.] New England cherishes the sentiment of nationality, and 
 believes in a General Government strong enough to maintain its authority, to 
 enforce the laws, and to preserve and perpetuate the Nation. [Applause.] 
 Now, with these New England ideas, everywhere accepted and received, and 
 prevailing, and with just and equal laws, administered under the watchful 
 eyes of educated voters, with honesty in all money transactions, with the 
 New England home and the New England family as the foundation of society, 
 with national sentiments prevailing everywhere in the country, we shall not 
 lack that remaining crown of New England life, which lends to every peopled 
 landscape its chief interest and glory — the spires pointing to Heaven, that tell 
 to every man who sees them that the descendants of the Pilgrims still hold to 
 and cherish and love that which brought their fathers to this continent, which 
 they here sought and which they here found— freedom to worship God." 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMOST. SV 
 
 AN ORATION 
 
 Delivered at the Vermonters' Picnic, held at Shell Mound Park, 
 Friday, May 27, 1881, by Hon. George W. Tyler, of 
 Alameda : 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen — Native Sons and Daughters of 
 Vermont : 
 
 It cannot be truthfully said of the State of our nativity that it 
 is "a land of brown heath and shaggy moor," but it can be truly 
 said that it is a land of green mountains and fertile valleys ; of 
 gurgling rills and pleasant vales. It is a land of loving and vir- 
 tuous women, and of liberty-loving and brave men. It is a land 
 in the lexicon of whose children is found " no such word as fail." 
 It is a land whose truthful history sounds more like romance than 
 reality. In short, it is a land in which we ought to feel very proud 
 that we were born, and from which we ought not to regret very 
 much that we emigrated to this golden land of the West, where 
 every one can sit under his own vine and fig tree and enjoy the 
 fruits of his industry, with no one to molest him nor make him 
 afraid. 
 
 I believe it will not be uninstructive for us, at this annual 
 meeting of the Sons and Daughters of Vermont, to take a short 
 retrospective glance at the early history of our native State. It is 
 well for us to remember who we are, and from whom we are 
 descended. It is eminently proper that we should celebrate 
 their deeds, and try to emulate the virtues and the heroism of our 
 ancestors. 
 
 Whatever may have been at times claimed by the early settlers 
 of the New Hampshire grants, there is no doubt that the now 
 State of Vermont was originally granted by Charles II of England 
 to his brother, the Duke of York, and that the State of New York 
 succeeded to all his rights. It is well, however, to remember that 
 the Duke of York never took possession of any part of the ter- 
 ritory granted to him, and before the State of New York had exer- 
 cised any act of sovereignty over the grant. New Hampshire had 
 not only claimed control of the whole territory, but the Gov- 
 ernor and Council of that State had, for a valuable consideration, 
 granted to the Green Mountain Boys one hundred and thirty-eight 
 townships of land, of six miles square each, and those boys had 
 taken possession. You know possession is deemed nine points in 
 the game of law, but their possession, backed up by brave hearts 
 and willing hands, won the game. 
 
38 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 The controversy between the authorities of New York and the 
 settlers, under the grants from New Hampshire, commenced in 
 1762 or 1763, when there were not more than three or four hun- 
 dred famihes within the now territory of Vermont. 
 
 In 1763 the Governor of New York issued a proclamation 
 claiming the whole State, under the grant to the Duke of York, 
 which proclamation the Governor of New Hampshire met with a 
 counter one, declaring the grant to the Duke of York to be obso- 
 lete, and asserting the right of New Hampshire to the whole 
 territory. 
 
 The Green Mountain Boys, who had bought their lands in 
 good faith, and who had taken possession and commenced to cul- 
 tivate them, never dreamed, up to that time, that their right to 
 the lands they had purchased would ever be seriously disputed by 
 New York. They were content to be either citizens of New York 
 or New Hampshire, as the right to the sovereignty over the terri- 
 tory should be determined to be in the one or the other ; and at 
 that time the idea of independence was not thought of by them. 
 About this time the State of New York issued a decree annul- 
 ling the grant of New Hampshire, and granted the lands to other 
 parties — citizens and partisans of the State of New York — and these 
 grantees brought suits of ejectment in the Courts of New York, 
 at Albany, and recovered judgments against the grantees of New 
 Hampshire, and the Sheriff was required to put the winning par- 
 ties in possession of the land^ so won ; but this was by no means 
 so easy a thing to be accomplished as the New Yorkers supposed. 
 It may be well here to make a little digression and look into 
 the situation m which the Green Mountain Boys were placed. 
 They had paid for their lands to New Hampshire. Like most of 
 the pioneers of every new country, the early settlers upon the New 
 Hampshire grants were poor and wholly dependent upon their 
 own exertions to carve out homes for themselves and families. 
 We cannot at this day very well realize the sufferings and priva- 
 tions they endured. In many instances, famiUes went to the 
 farms they had purchased, miles from any human habitation, and 
 encamped in the wilderness, until, by their own efforts, they could 
 erect a log cabin in which to reside. 
 
 Many families traveled on foot, carrying all their household 
 effects upon their backs. The heads of other families proceeded 
 to their farms in summer, erected cabins, cleared a little land, 
 and in the winter brought their families to their rude and solitary 
 homes. It was no uncommon thing for them to travel on foot, 
 drawing their household utensils on handsleds, and frequently 
 when the wife was unable to endure these trials, the husband 
 would draw her also in the same manner. 
 
 If there be any who would censure the Green Mountain Boys 
 for what they did, in taking the law, as it were, into their own 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 30 
 
 hands, they should remember these things, and should not forget 
 that if they had permitted New York to get a foothold in the 
 grants, legally, they would all have had to buy their lands over 
 again at an extravagant price, or become wanderers on the face of 
 the earth. 
 
 The Sheriff of Albany went with his writs and his posses, and 
 endeavored to evict the settlers and place the grantees of New 
 York in possession of the lands. As soon as they arrived they 
 were seized by the Green Mountain Boys, tied to saplings and 
 received on the bare backs thirty-nine lashes, well laid on, and 
 then sent back to New York sorer if not wiser men. This was 
 denominated "administering to them the beech seals," or, as 
 Ethan Allen quaintly put it, " flaggellating them with the twigs of 
 the wilderness." 
 
 A volume could be easily filled in recounting the daring and 
 heroic acts of our ancestors, in defending their homes against 
 what they firmly believed were acts of tyranny and oppression on 
 the part of the authorities of New York. In some instances the 
 Sheriff went with posses numbering hundreds of men, fully armed, 
 but in no one instance did he succeed in placing any New Yorker 
 in possession of land in the New Hampshire grants and keeping 
 him there. 
 
 From 1763 to 1775 the Green Mountain Boys induced as many 
 of their friends as they could, from Massachusetts, Connecticut 
 and New Hampshire, to come into the grants and share with them 
 their lands and fortunes, and during that time the inhabitants of 
 the grants increased to about twenty thousand. 
 
 Ethan Allen, Ira Allen, Seth Warner, Remember Baker, and 
 a few others, had been leaders of the settlers in their opposition 
 to the New York authorities, and the Governor of New York 
 offered large rewards for their apprehension and delivery at 
 Albany ; whereupon Allen and others issued a counter proclama- 
 tion, offering a reward for some of the New York officials. 
 
 Ethan Allen, to show" his contempt of the authorities of New 
 York, and in fulfillment of a bet, proceeded to Albany, and riding 
 up in front of the most prominent tavern in that town, alighted 
 and went in and called for a bowl of punch — of which, by the way, 
 he was very fond — drank it down at one draught, went outdoocs 
 through a large crowd that had gathered to get sight of the famous 
 outlaw (one of which was the Sheriff of Albany), remounted his 
 horse, and giving a hearty "huzza for the (irecn Mountain Boys," 
 departed free and unharmed. 
 
 About the year 1774 the King and Council of England recog- 
 nized the rights of the settlers to their lands under the New Hamp- 
 shire grants, giving them, for the first time, something of a legal 
 status in opposing the pretensions or the authorities of the State 
 of New York. 
 
4rO PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 This was about the condition of things in April, 1775, at the 
 commencement of the Revolutionary War, which put an end, tem- 
 porarily, to the strife between the New Yorkers and the Green 
 Mountain Boys, and turned their attention to another and 
 broader field of adventure and glory. 
 
 You all know how Ethan Allen, with the aid of less than 
 a hundred Green Mountain Boys, and in the name of the "Great 
 Jehovah and the Continental Congress," on the roth of May, 1775, 
 surprised and captured Fort Ticonderoga, on Lake Champlain, 
 with its garrison, over one hundred cannon, and an immense amount 
 of ammunition and military stores. You have all read of the 
 bravery, heroism and hardihood of the Green Mountain Boys in 
 the struggle of the Colonies for independence, but I have not now 
 time to call those incidents particularly to your remembrance. 
 
 During nearly all the time of which I have been speaking the 
 New Hampshire grants were without political government, and 
 without Courts. The people held town meetings, in which every 
 male citizen had a voice, decided disputes between individuals, 
 taxed themselves, raised soldiers, purchased supphes and provided 
 for their payment, governed only by their own sense of what was 
 right and just. 
 
 In January, 1776, the inhabitants of the grants met in conven- 
 tion at Dorset, framed and forwarded to Congress a petition that 
 the New Hampshire grants might be henceforth free from the 
 control of New York, and promising to do all in their power in 
 aid of the common cause; but Congress, owing to the powerful 
 influence of the representatives of New York, took no action upon 
 the petition, except to advise them to submit to the jurisdiction 
 of New York for the time being, and until hostihties ceased with 
 England, and promising that such submission should not prejudice 
 their rights in the future. 
 
 This action of Congress convinced the settlers that " Who 
 would be free themselves must strike the blow," and they again 
 met in convention in January, 1777, at Westminster, and declared 
 as follows : 
 
 " This Convention, whose members are duly chosen by the voice of their 
 constituents, do hereby proclaim and publicly declare, that the district of ter- 
 ritory comprehended and usually known as the New Hampshire grants, of right 
 ought to be, and is hereby declared forever hereafter to be, considered a free 
 and independent State, called, known and distinguished by the name of New 
 Connecticut, alias Vermont," etc. 
 
 _ You will see by this, gentlemen, how near you all came to 
 being wooden-nutmegers, instead of greenhorns. 
 
 Congress was immediately notified of this action, and the rep- 
 resentatives of Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Connecticut 
 urged upon Congress the propriety of recognizing Vermont as an 
 independent State ; but the representatives of New York bitterly 
 opposed such action, and had influence enough to prevent it. 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 41 
 
 During a long series of years the Green Mountain Boys had 
 to protect themselves, first against one enemy, then another, and 
 then against nearly all combined. New Hampshire claimed the 
 State, and New York claimed it also. They had to fight the New 
 Yorkers, the Indians and the British, and at one time had to pro- 
 tect themselves against a most formidable combination between 
 New York and New Hampshire to partition the State between them, 
 making the Green Mountain range the dividing line. 
 
 We cannot sufficiently admire the skill and ability displayed 
 by the leaders of our brave ancestors in their long struggle for 
 independence. Congress refused to aid them ; they were preyed 
 upon by New York and New Hampshire. Their territory was 
 made the battle ground between England and the Colonies, they 
 having no voice in Congress, and all this after they had poured 
 out some of their best blood on the altar of their country. 
 
 The British, finding their concjuest of the Colonies somewhat 
 difficult, determined, if possible, to detach Vermont from her 
 allegiance to the Colonies. They knew how Vermont had been 
 treated. They were aware of the indignation of her sons towards 
 Congress and towards New York, and they offered the leaders 
 every inducement to take sides with them. 
 
 The leaders were true as steel to their country, but found it 
 policy for a time to temporize, and thus prevent being attacked by 
 the British. Instead of replying to the numerous letters received 
 from the British authorities, they sent messengers to reply, under 
 the pretext that they could not write, and kept up the delusion of 
 the British for some considerable time. 
 
 The leaders determined to use these letters to show Congress 
 and the people where they stood, and to compel Congress to 
 admit Vermont as a State. Ethan Allen (who had been a prisoner 
 for two years in the hands of the British), selected by them for 
 that purpose, forwarded all these letters, so received, to Congress, 
 and also a letter of his own in these words : " No person can 
 dispute my attachment to and sufferings in the cause of my coun- 
 try; but I do not hesitate to report that Vermont has an indubita- 
 ble right to agree on terms of cessation of hostilities with Great 
 Britain, provided the United States persist in rejecting her appli- 
 cation for a union with the States. Vermont, of all people, would 
 be the most miserable were she obliged to defend the independ- 
 ence of the United States, and Congress at the same time had 
 full liberty to overthrow and ruin the independence of the State 
 of Vermont. I am persuaded when Congress considers the cir- 
 cumstances of this State, they will not be more surprised that I 
 have transmitted these letters than that I have kept them in cus- 
 tody, for I am as resolutely determined to defend the independ- 
 ence of Vermont, as Congress is that of the United States, and 
 rather than submit, I will retire with the hardy Green Mountain 
 
Boys into the desolate caverns of the mountains, and wage war 
 with human nature at large." 
 
 Brave and noble words, nobly and bravely uttered ! May the 
 grass forever grow green over the grave of the hero who uttered 
 them ! 
 
 Those letters and this declaration aroused the attention of Con- 
 gress and of the whole country, and fixed it upon Vermont. They 
 knew the loyalty of the Green Mountain Boys very well, but they 
 did not know what a people, brave and determined, might do 
 when driven to desperation. 
 
 About the same time a letter from Lord Germaine, then at 
 the head of the American Department in England, to Sir Henry 
 Clinton, at New York, was intercepted and sent to Congress, and 
 afterwards published in a newspaper called \h& Pennsylvania Packet, 
 printed in Philadelphia. In that letter the importance to England 
 of securing the people of Vermont to return to their allegiance 
 was fully set forth, and he was urged to use every effort to bring 
 it about. This letter swelled the excitement. 
 
 In August, 1 781, Congress, fearing that Vermont might make 
 terms with England, passed a resolution that she should be enti- 
 tled to admission into the Union as a State, upon the performance 
 of certain conditions, which conditions were soon after complied 
 with by Vermont, and yet Congress subsequently failed and refused 
 to comply with its promise, so great was the influence of New York 
 in the councils of the nation. 
 
 New York continued to press her claim of sovereignty over 
 Vermont, both by persuasion and force, until 1 791, when she gave 
 up the contest and consented to the independence of Vermont. 
 For this consent Vermont paid her the sum of $30,000, and on 
 the 1 8th of February of that year, Vermont, by the unanimous 
 vote of Congress, became a component part or the United States 
 of America, being the first State admitted into the Union after 
 the adoption of the Constitution. 
 
 I have given you this brief sketch of the early history of our 
 native State, to show you with what consummate abifity our ances- 
 tors managed their affairs to secure as well their own independence 
 as the independence of the other Colonies. They proved true to 
 themselves, true to the State they so much loved, and true to the 
 independence of their country; and the names and deeds of Ethan 
 and Ira Allen, of Chittenden, Warner, Baker, Robinson, Safford, 
 Brownson, Fassett, Fay, and many others of the early heroes of 
 our native State, will forever remain engraven upon the hearts of 
 Vermonters and their descendants. 
 
 During their long struggle for indejjendence the people of Ver- 
 mont willingly submitted to the advice and direction of the few 
 men developed in the town meetings and conventions, who showed 
 themselves worthy to be leaders. They have followed the same 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. ^3 
 
 course since. Without personal application or solicitation for 
 office, the best men in the State have generally been elected to 
 represent her in Congress, and that is why she has always stood 
 so high, and deservedly so, in the councils of the nation. 
 
 Of the history of the State since her admission into the Union, 
 you are all familiar. She took a prominent and honorable part in 
 the war witli England in 1812 ; and in the great life struggle of the 
 nation, with a population of less than 325,000 she gave 35,256 
 volunteers — more than one in ten of her inhabitants — to the cause 
 of human freedom, over 3,000 more troops than all the calls upon 
 her by the Government. It will thus be seen that Vermonters 
 have in no way degenerated. They proved themselves to be 
 "worthy sons of worthy sires," and liberty, if she ever does per- 
 ish upon this continent, will find her last and bravest defenders 
 way up among the Green Mountains of New England. 
 
 It is with pride that Vermonters remember that in an educa- 
 tional point of view, Vermont is the first State in the Union; that 
 the first regiment of Vermont cavalry was officially declared to 
 be the banner regiment of the late war ; that no Vermont troops 
 ever turned their backs to the foe on any field of battle; that a 
 Vermont brigade went into the battle of Gettysburg thirty-three 
 hundred strong and came out with only nine hundred that were 
 not either killed or wounded, and were complimented on the field 
 of battle by General Meade for their bravery. One of that immor- 
 tal band was a brother-in-law of mine, and I tell you I would far 
 rather have been in his place and helped turn back the tide of 
 war than to be Governor of California to-day ! 
 
 Of the sons of Vermont who have staid at home, we need say 
 but little. They have proved true in all the relations of life, and 
 Vermont can point with pride to the fact that among the first, 
 if not the very first, statesmen in the land, is her own Senator 
 Edmonds, at once the Chatham and the Cato combined of the 
 United States Senate. 
 
 Of the many who have left the old homesteads and came out 
 into the western world, I shall not speak to-day. 
 
 There is, however, no western State or Territory of this Union 
 in which the hardy sons of Vermont are not be found ; and wherever 
 they are "you will find that they have been generally successful. 
 
 They carried with them the moral principles instilled into them 
 in their early years, which, with their habits of industry and fru- 
 gality, have caused them to stand with the foremost of the land 
 in mercantile busiiiess, in literature, in law, and in statesmanship ; 
 and the instances are rare, indeed, in which it will be found that 
 any Vermonter has proved recreant to any trust reposed in him. 
 
 While we are somewhat proud that we are natives of Vermont, 
 we ought to feel far prouder of the fact that we are citizens of that 
 broader and grander country known as the United States of 
 
44 
 
 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 America, and that we did not have to leave our native land when 
 we left our native State. . That we are citizens of that " Union 
 strong and great," of which the poet speaks : Of that Union, 
 "one and inseparable now and forever," td which the oppressed 
 and enterprising of all lands are now hastening, and upon which 
 the universal world is gazing with admiration to-day. 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 45 
 
 COKSTITUTIOH AND By-LaWS 
 
 Ol- THE 
 
 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATIOK 
 
 HATIYE SONS OF YERMOIT, 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. 
 
 CONSTITUTION. 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 Section i. This Association shall be known as "The 
 Pacific Coast Association Native Sons of Vermont." 
 
 ARTICLE II. 
 
 OBJECTS. 
 
 Section i. The objects of this Association are the promo- 
 tion of acquaintance, and the cultivation of social intercourse 
 among Vermonters, the collection and preservation of important 
 information relative to the early and subsequent history of the 
 Green Mountain State, and the mutual advancement of the 
 interests of its members. 
 
 ARTICLE IIL 
 
 membership. 
 
 Section i. The membership of this Association shall be 
 divided into two classes, active and honorary. 
 
 Sec. 2. The active members shall consist of natives of the 
 State of Vermont, resident on the Pacific Coast, without restriction 
 of age or sex. 
 
4rG PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 Sec. 3. The honorary members shall consist of — J^i'rsf, the 
 husbands, wives, sons and daughters of natives of Vermont. 
 Second, persons who have resided in Vermont, and who hold dear 
 the recollections of such residence. Third, natives of Vermont 
 who are not resident on the Pacific Coast. No one who is eligible 
 to active membersliiip may become an honorary member, except 
 by a three-fourths' vote of the members present at a regular meet- 
 ing of the Association, and then only as a mark of special dis- 
 tinction. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 OFFICERS AND THEIR ELECTION. 
 
 Section i. The officers of this Association shall consist of 
 a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer, three Vice-Presidents, and 
 an Executive Committee of seven, of which the President and 
 Secretary shall be ex-officio members. 
 
 Sec 2. The officers shall be elected by ballot, at the regular 
 annual meeting, and shall hold office for one year and until their 
 successors are elected. 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 
 duties of officers. 
 
 Section i. It shall be the duty of the President to preside 
 at all meetings of the Association and of the Executive Commit- 
 tee ; to sign demands on the Treasurer, and to sign only such 
 demands as are by the Association or the Executive Committee 
 ordered paid. 
 
 Sec. 2. In the absence of the President from meetings of 
 the Association, the duty of presiding shall devolve upon the first, 
 second or third Vice-Presidents, precedence being given in the 
 order named. 
 
 Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the Secretary to attend all 
 meetings of the Association and of the Executive Committee ; 
 to keep an accurate record of the transactions of such meetings ; 
 to conduct the correspondence of the Association under the 
 direction of the Executive Committee; to countersign all demands 
 on the Treasurer only when ordered by the Association or the 
 Executive Committee ; to collect fees, dues and assessments, and 
 
NATIVE soys OF I'ERHIONT. 47 
 
 pay them over to the Treasurer, taking his receipt therefor ; to 
 notify members who are deUnquent for dues or assessments, 
 and to perform such other duties appertaining to his office, as he 
 may be directed to perform by the Association or the Execu- 
 tive Committee; he shall render an annual report on the last 
 monthly meeting of the Association preceding the regular annual 
 meeting. He shall notify members of the Executive Committee 
 of the time and place of holding special meetings of committees. 
 He shall be exempt from all fees, dues and assessments. 
 
 Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to safely keep 
 all moneys paid him by the Secretary, and to disburse the same 
 only upon demand signed by the President and Secretary. On 
 the monthly meeting preceding each annual meeting, he shall ren- 
 der a report of all moneys received and paid out by him, and sub- 
 mit vouchers for payments. He shall render a like report at any 
 time, when directed by the Association or the Executive Commit- 
 tee. On the election of his successor he shall turn over to him 
 all moneys and records in his hands. 
 
 Sec. 5. It shall be the duty of the Executive Committee to 
 pass upon applications for membership, and to attend to all busi- 
 ness of the Association when not otherwise disposed of by the 
 Association. They shall elect a chairman, whose duty it shall be to 
 preside at their meetings in the absence of the President, and who 
 shall sign such demands on the Treasurer as are ordered paid by 
 the Executive Committee in the absence of the President. They 
 shall have full control of the affairs of this Association, subject 
 to the restrictions of the Constitution and By-Laws. They shall 
 attend to the financial interests of the Association, and are author- 
 ized to adopt any measure within the scope of this Constitution, 
 that in their judgment will increase the funds or advance the 
 interests of the Association. They shall render an annual report 
 at the monthly meeting last preceding the annual meeting. They 
 shall have the power of excluding from the meetings of the Asso- 
 ciation any person, except an active member, who in their judg- 
 ment should, for the best interests of the Association, be exclu- 
 ded. They may appoint an Auxiliary Committee, whose duty it 
 shall be to assist them in the details of refreshment and entertain- 
 ment at the meetings of the Association. 
 
48 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 Sec. 6. The Secretary and Treasurer shall give such bonds 
 as may be required by the Association, said bonds to be approved 
 by the Executive Committee. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 QUORUM. 
 
 Section i. Twenty members shall be necessary to constitute 
 a quorum at meetings of the Association. 
 
 Sec. 2. Three members shall be necessary to constitute a 
 quorum at meetings of the Executive Committee. 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 
 VACANCIES IN OFFICE. 
 
 Section i. In case of a vacancy in any office of this Asso- 
 ciation, the Executive Committee shall appoint a member to serve 
 for the unexpired term. 
 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 
 AMENDMENTS. 
 
 Section i. This Constitution shall not be amended except 
 at a regular monthly meeting by a two-thirds' vote ; notice, speci- 
 fying the amendment, having been given at a previous meeting. 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 4Q 
 
 BY-LAWS 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 ADMISSION TO MEMBERSHIP. 
 
 Section i. Application for membership, cither active or 
 honorary, shall be made to the Secretary, who shall submit the 
 same to the Executive Committee, which committee shall deter- 
 mine on the propriety of admitting the applicant. If their action 
 be favorable, the applicant, if for active membership, shall sign 
 the Constitution and By-Laws and ])ay the admission fee, before 
 he is admitted to membership. 
 
 ARTICLE II. 
 
 MEETINGS. 
 
 Section i. The annual meeting of this Association shall be 
 held on the second Friday of February, at 7.30 P. m. 
 
 Sec. 2. The regular monthly meetings shall be held on the 
 second Friday of each month, unless ])Ostponed by the Executive 
 Committee. 
 
 Sec. 3. There shall be held on the 17th day of January of 
 each year, an anniversary reunion, in commemoration of the day 
 on which the Green Mountain Boys asserted their right to ])opu- 
 lar sovereignty. 
 
 Sec. 4. Special meetings of the Association may be held at 
 any time, by order of the Association, or on call of the President 
 and the Executive Committee. 
 
 Sec. 5. The Association may hold executive sessions for the 
 transaction of such business as should, in their judgment, be kept 
 secret ; at such sessions, none but active members in good stand- 
 ing shall be present. No member shall disclose to any person 
 not a member in good standing, anything which has transpired at 
 an executive session. 
 
50 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 ARTICLE III. 
 
 FEES, DUES AND ASSESSMENTS. 
 
 Section i. The admission fee for active members shall be 
 one dollar ($i.) 
 
 Sec. 2. The dues of resident active members shall be four 
 dollars ($4) per annum, payable quarterly in advance. 
 
 Sec. 3. The dues of non-resident active members shall be 
 two dollars ($2) per annum, payable in advance. (Amendment 
 adopted July i, 1881.) 
 
 Sec. 4. Any active member in good standing, may become 
 a life member, on payment of twenty-five dollars ($25,) which 
 payment shall forever after, exempt him from paying dues. 
 
 Sec. 5. The Association, by a majority vote of the members 
 present at a regular monthly meeting, may levy such assessments 
 as they in their judgment, deem necessary. On the death of a 
 member in good standing, the Executive Committee may, if they 
 deem it required by the necessities of the surviving relatives, levy 
 an assessment on the members, not to exceed one dollar ($1) 
 each, the proceeds thereof to be disbursed to the family of the 
 deceased, under the direction of the committee. 
 
 Sec. 6. No fees, dues or assessments standing against any 
 member, can be remitted except by a two-thirds' vote of the 
 members present at a regular meeting. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 penalties. 
 
 Section i. Upon, written charges' preferred by any active 
 member in good standing, against another active member, speci- 
 fying that the latter has committed any offense against any mem- 
 ber, or against the Association, or specifying any conduct having 
 a tendency to bring disgrace upon the x\ssociation, the following 
 action shall be had : 
 
 Sec. 2. The charges shall, at a regular meeting, be referred 
 to the Executive Committee, or to a Special Committee, as di- 
 rected by the Association. 
 
NATIVE SONS OF VERMONT. 51 
 
 Sec. 3. If the Association, by a majority vote, determine to 
 refer said charges to a Special Committee, they shall, in the same 
 manner, determine the number of said Special Committee, which 
 shall not be less than three or more than seven, and which shall 
 be appointed by the President, or be elected by ballot, as the 
 Association may determine. 
 
 Sec. 4. The Executive Committee or the Special Committee 
 shall proceed to try the case, giving both sides a fair hearing. 
 Having concluded the trial, they shall by a majority vote, deter- 
 mine the guilt or innocence of the accused. If they find the ac- 
 cused guilty, they shall, in the same manner, determine the 
 penalty. 
 
 Sec. 5. The penalty shall be suspension or expulsion. If 
 the committee determine on suspension, they shall determine the 
 term of the same. 
 
 Sec. 6. They shall at a regular meeting, report to the Asso- 
 ciation the result of their action. Their action shall be final, ex- 
 cept the Association, by a three-fourths' vote of the members 
 present, grant a new trial ; in which case proceedings shall be 
 again had as provided in this article. 
 
 Sec. 7. Any member who permits himself or herself to fall 
 in arrears six months for dues or assessments, may, by the Asso- 
 ciation, be suspended. 
 
 Sec. 8. No member expelled or suspended for any cause, 
 shall have any of the privileges of the Association ; nor shall any 
 member over six months in arrears for dues and assessments, have 
 the privilege of voting. 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 
 OF HONORARY MEMBERS. 
 
 Section i. Honorary members shall be exempt from fees, 
 dues and assessments ; but those who attend regularly the meet- 
 ings of the Association, shall be expected to contribute to the ex- 
 penses thereof 
 
 Sec. 2. Honorary members shall not be subject to the pre- 
 ferment of charges ; but it shall be in the power of the Executive 
 Committee to cause the name of any such member to be erased 
 
53 PACIFIC COAST ASSOCIATION OF THE 
 
 from the loll whenever said committee deems such action for the 
 best interests of the Association. And it shall, in like manner be 
 in the power of said committee to exclude any honorary member 
 from attendance on meetings of the Association. 
 
 Sec. 3. No honorary member shall have the privilege of 
 voting or taking any part in the conduct of the affairs of the Asso- 
 ciation, except requested by the Association or the Executive 
 Committee to do so. Any honorary member infringing this rule 
 may, by- the Executive Committee be excluded from attendance. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 WITHDRAWALS. 
 
 Section i. Any active member clear of the books, may with- 
 draw from membership by written or oral request made at any 
 regular meeting. 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 
 REINSTATEMENTS. 
 
 Section i. No member suspended for non-payment of dues 
 shall be reinstated, except he pay all his indebtedness to the Asso- 
 ciation. Having made such payment, his application shall be 
 considered as provided in Article I, Section i of the By-Laws. 
 
 Sec. 2. No member having been expelled shall be reinstated 
 except on payment of all his indebtedness to the Association. 
 His application shall be referred to the Executive Committee, 
 and if they report favorably thereon, vote shall be had at a regu- 
 lar meeting of the Association. If less than three-fourths of the 
 votes cast be for reinstatement, the applicant shall be rejected. 
 
 ARTICLE VIIL 
 
 BADGE OF THE SOCIETY. 
 
 Section i. The badge of the Association shall be of the 
 design of a maple leaf, silver or gold, to be worn on the left breast 
 at meetings of the Association. No one except members shall 
 be privileged to wear the badge at such meetings. 
 
NATIVE SO.VS OF VERMONT. 53 
 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 
 AMENDMENTS. 
 
 Section i. These ByT^aws may be amended by a two thirds' 
 vote. All amendments shall be proposed in writing at a regular 
 meeting, to be acted upon at the next meeting. No portion 
 thereof may be suspended, e.xcept by a two-thirds' vote. 
 
 *J3S^ 
 
Roll of Members. 
 
 LIFE MEMBERS. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Barrett, Wm. G 
 
 Bliiin, Jlrs. Nellie II . . . 
 
 Clark, Mrs. R. C 
 
 Dodjfc, Henry L 
 
 Hardy, Mrs. L. J., Jr... 
 
 Hopkins, Geo. W 
 
 Howard, Chas. Webb . . . 
 
 Ingerson, Dr. H. H 
 
 Scott, A. W 
 
 Shatter, Hon. Jas. McM 
 Towle, Allen 
 
 Chester .... 
 Nortlifield.. 
 
 Esse.x 
 
 Miintpelier. 
 
 Corinth 
 
 Bethel 
 
 Cabot , 
 
 Morgan .... 
 Bakersfield , 
 Athens .... 
 Corinth .... 
 
 Secty. S. F. Gas Co. 
 
 Milliner 
 
 Supt. U. S. Mint. 
 
 Aeeountant 
 
 Pre.s't S. V. Water Wks. 
 
 Physician 
 
 Hay and Grain 
 
 Attorney - 
 
 Lumber Merchant . . . . 
 
 1000 Pino Street. 
 
 1527 Post Street. 
 
 906 Market Street. 
 
 1011 Bush Street. 
 
 a Beaver Street. 
 
 11 Montgomery Street. 
 
 5Ui California Street. 
 
 .■523 Geary Street. 
 
 Steuart, near Kolsom .Street. 
 
 O.'il ChestnutlStreet. 
 
 Dutcli Flat, Cal . 
 
 RESIDENT ACTIVE MEMBERS. 
 
 BlKTIII'LACK. 
 
 Aiken, H. M 
 
 Andross, P. H 
 
 Bailey, N. J 
 
 Barney, Mrs. V. A 
 
 Bartlett, Geo. C 
 
 Bassett, Chas. F 
 
 Belcher, Hon. W. C 
 
 Blair, Matthew 
 
 Blair, Mrs. M 
 
 Blake, I. E 
 
 Bliim, Chas. H 
 
 Bradford, W 
 
 Brown, Brainard C 
 
 Bryant, Mrs. John 
 
 Burr, Bartlett 
 
 Bn,\lon, Mrs. N. E 
 
 Carleton, Jerome 
 
 Carleton, Mrs. Jerome. . 
 
 Chamberlin, K. H 
 
 Champion, T. E 
 
 Chase, Gilbert 
 
 Childs. Miss Aggie. . . . 
 
 Clark, C. S 
 
 Collins, J. A 
 
 Collins, S. M 
 
 Colton, A. O 
 
 Cook, I). S. 
 
 Baruet 
 
 Bradford 
 
 Peach am 
 
 St. Jolinsbury , . 
 
 Lyndon 
 
 Ludlow 
 
 Stockbridge. . . . 
 
 Ryegate 
 
 Danville 
 
 Derby 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Chester 
 
 Woodstock 
 
 .Salisbury 
 
 West-Fairlee. . . . 
 
 Chester 
 
 Vershire 
 
 Corinth 
 
 Ryegate 
 
 Vergennes 
 
 Mclndoes Falls 
 
 Wilmington 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Manchester 
 
 Middlese.\ 
 
 West Bolton . . . . 
 Troy. 
 
 Crossett, Dr. T | Bennington. 
 
 Cud worth, A. W. 
 Cumniings, H. K. . 
 Cypiot, Mrs. Julia. 
 Darling, Ebenezer. 
 
 Davis, F. E 
 
 Deming, H. A 
 
 Dickson, D. M. . . . 
 Dodge, Eleazer E. 
 Dodge, L. C 
 
 Putney. 
 Guildhall. . 
 Corinth. ... 
 
 Grafton 
 
 Derby 
 
 Chester 
 
 Ryegate. . . 
 Montpelier. 
 Montpelier. 
 
 Wood and Coal Dealer. 
 
 Clerk 
 
 Butcher 
 
 Bookkeeper 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Hay and Grain. 
 
 Sup't Con. Oil & T. Co. . 
 Permit Cl'k Cus. House. 
 
 Printer 
 
 Short-hand Reporter. . . 
 
 Poultry Dealer. 
 Police Officer. . 
 
 Laundryman . 
 
 Clerk 
 
 Clerk 
 
 Compositor. 
 Attorney. . . 
 Merchant. . . 
 Attorney . . . 
 Merchant. . . 
 
 Dentist 
 
 Capitalist. . . 
 Merchant. . . 
 
 Expressman 
 
 Salesman C. O. It, T. Co 
 Mercantile Agency. . . . 
 Grocer and Butcher, . . 
 
 Physician 
 
 Merchant 
 
 22d and Valencia Streets. 
 
 28 O'Farrell Street. 
 
 51.5 llrvaiit .Street. 
 
 112(1 .Market Street. 
 
 404 Battery Street. 
 
 304 I )a\ is Street. 
 
 520 Montgomery Street. 
 
 224 Capp Street. 
 
 224 Capp Street. 
 
 2124 1 Inward Street. 
 
 1527 Post street. 
 
 212:! Ciilifdrnia Street. 
 
 604 .Merchant Street. 
 
 127 Sliotwell Street. 
 
 Mission Market. 
 
 1710 Geary Street. ' 
 
 334 Turk Street. 
 
 334 Turk Street. 
 
 1540 Ellis Street. 
 
 International Hotel. 
 
 444 Second Street. 
 
 823 (Joldeii (!ate Avenue. 
 
 2111 Jones Street. 
 
 1 Boston Place. 
 
 119 Mason Street. 
 
 Webster and O'Farrell Sts. 
 
 8 Davis Street. 
 
 !)1() Twentieth Street. 
 
 2420 Fillmore Street. 
 
 424 Battery Street. 
 
 8 Mason Street. 
 
 1139 Market Street. 
 
 541 Fourth Street. 
 
 .')34 Bush Street. 
 
 Second and Bryant Streets. 
 
 407 Leavenworth Street. 
 
 325 Front Street. 
 
RESIDENT ACTIVE MEMBERS— Continued. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Birthplace. 
 
 Occupation. 
 
 Doton, Mrs. A. E 
 
 Drew, O. C. 
 
 Eaton, E. R 
 
 Edminster, Wm. S 
 
 Edmonds, Hon. M. A. . . 
 
 Ewer, Warren B 
 
 Freelon, Hon. T. W.... 
 
 Gale, J. W 
 
 Gibbs, R. F 
 
 Giddings, B. F 
 
 Goss, A. F 
 
 Green, Julius C 
 
 Hardy, W. A 
 
 Haswell, J. C 
 
 Hatch, Rev. E. B 
 
 Henry, W. W 
 
 Herrick, G. E 
 
 Hoadley, Dr. G. C 
 
 Hunt, Carl 
 
 Hurlburt T. B 
 
 Hynes, M. J 
 
 Jameson, H. D 
 
 Johnson, C. A 
 
 Kimball, Rev. John. . . . 
 
 Ladd, CD 
 
 Lamb, M. W 
 
 Lauder, L. G 
 
 Lauder, S. VV 
 
 Loop, S. J 
 
 Marsh, F. E 
 
 McClure, P. L 
 
 McLaren, W. J 
 
 IMoore, J. B 
 
 Monroe, E. P 
 
 Mott, J. H 
 
 Morg-an, H. W 
 
 Needham, Chas. E 
 
 Orne, W. H 
 
 Parker, L. H 
 
 Perham, J. P. M 
 
 Piper, E. W 
 
 Putnam, C. B 
 
 Rice, A. W 
 
 Rice, Mrs. A. W 
 
 Riker, H. H 
 
 Rixford, E. H 
 
 Rixford, G. P 
 
 Roberts, Peter 
 
 Robinson, Heman 
 
 Rogers, R. K 
 
 Ruggles, A. B 
 
 Roberts, N. H 
 
 Scott, John J 
 
 Shaw, Mrs. W. A 
 
 Shaw, S. W 
 
 Small, Mrs. R. G 
 
 Smith, Major Rodney. . 
 
 Soul<5, Dr. A. G 
 
 SouM, Dr. Milan 
 
 Somers, H. C . 
 
 Somers, W. J 
 
 Stanton, Chas. H 
 
 Steen, E T 
 
 Taylor, A. C 
 
 Tenney, L. P 
 
 Tilden, H. N 
 
 Tullar, A. G 
 
 VanSicklen, F. W 
 
 Waterhouse, F. A 
 
 Waterhouse, H. K 
 
 Waterman, P. H 
 
 Waters, E. D., Sr 
 
 White, Carlos 
 
 Whitmore, Mrs. Mary V. 
 
 Willard, Edd .' . . . 
 
 Willey, C. J 
 
 Willej', O. F 
 
 Williams, Henry B 
 
 Wing, R. W 
 
 Craftsbury.. 
 
 Glover 
 
 Monkton . . . 
 Fayette ville. 
 Sterling . . . 
 Windsor. . . . 
 Norwich .... 
 Barnard. . . . 
 
 Westford 
 
 Cavendish . 
 
 Canaan 
 
 Stockbridge. 
 
 Barnet 
 
 Bennington . 
 Hard wick. , . 
 Bennington. . 
 Burlington. , 
 Woodstock. . 
 
 Barnet 
 
 Glover 
 
 Rutland 
 
 Irasburgh . . . 
 
 Barnet 
 
 Barton 
 
 Danville. . . . 
 Granville. . . . 
 
 Topsham 
 
 Topsham 
 
 Alburgh 
 
 Sheldon 
 
 Ryegate 
 
 Barnet 
 
 Burlington . . . . 
 
 Wells 
 
 Brandon 
 
 Westford 
 
 Ferrisburgh . . . 
 
 Westfield 
 
 St. Johnsbury. 
 
 Athens 
 
 Middlebury. . . . 
 
 Grafton 
 
 Weathersfield. 
 
 Granville 
 
 Montpelier. . . . 
 East Highgate. 
 East Highgate. 
 Burlington.. .. 
 Bennington. . . . 
 Newbury. . . . 
 
 Sntton 
 
 Groton 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Barnard 
 
 Windsor 
 
 Brookfield 
 
 Burlington. . . . 
 
 Alburgh 
 
 Alburijh 
 
 Danville 
 
 Danville 
 
 Danville 
 
 Brattleboro ... 
 
 Westford 
 
 Orwell 
 
 Barre 
 
 East Troy 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 Johnson 
 
 Bennington. . . . 
 
 Topsham 
 
 Pittsfield 
 
 Hartland 
 
 Danville 
 
 Wheelock 
 
 Woodstock 
 
 Lvndon 
 
 Clerk 
 
 Police Officer 
 
 Teamster 
 
 Superior Judge 
 
 Publisher 
 
 Superior Judge 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Miner 
 
 Man. Pub, fept. Crocker & Co, 
 
 Timekeeper 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Clerk 
 
 Printer 
 
 Clergyman 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Inspector S. V. W. W . . 
 
 Dentist 
 
 Stableman 
 
 Dairyman 
 
 Clerk 
 
 Harnessniaker 
 
 Salesman 
 
 Publisher " Pacific". . 
 
 Gunsmith 
 
 Capitalist 
 
 Hay and Grain Dealer . 
 Hay and Grain Dealer. 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Letter Carrier 
 
 Teamster 
 
 Laundryman 
 
 Employee U. S. Mint. . . 
 WithS. F. GasCo. . , 
 
 Storage Merchant 
 
 Car Conductor 
 
 Revenue Inspector 
 
 Foreman " Ev'ng Post' 
 
 Scale Builder 
 
 Merchandise Broker. . . . 
 Quarterm's Clerk U. S. A 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Sexton 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Man'g'r "Ev'g Bulletin' 
 
 Woodmolder 
 
 Employee U. S. Mint. . , 
 
 Dairyman 
 
 Broker 
 
 Saddler 
 
 Carpenter 
 
 Artist. 
 
 Paymaster U. S. A. 
 
 Physician 
 
 Physician 
 
 Hay and Grain 
 
 Capitalist 
 
 Teamster 
 
 Machinist 
 
 Capitalist. . . 
 
 Miner 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Printer 
 
 Salesman 
 
 Bookkeeper 
 
 Bookkeeper 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Publisher. 
 
 Carriage Maker .... 
 Carriage Dealer .... 
 
 Carriage Dealer 
 
 Shipping Merchant. 
 Chile S. A. Trade . . 
 
 234 O'Farrell Street. 
 302 Davis Street. 
 1811 Dupont Street. 
 2225 Greenwich Street. 
 905 Bush Street. 
 1512 Folsoni Street. 
 1310 Webster Street. 
 402 Davis Street. 
 Brooklyn Hotel. 
 373 Minna Street. 
 Palace Hotel. 
 322 Fulton Street. 
 821 Kearny Street. 
 526 (Greenwich Street. 
 134 Twenty-sixth Street. 
 37 Second Street. 
 516 California Street. 
 5i Kearny Street. 
 1925 Bush Street. 
 1601 Geary Street. 
 19 Guerrero Street. 
 518 Mission Street. 
 1010 Jackson Street. 
 132 McAllister Street. 
 821 Kearny Street. 
 8 Second Avenue. 
 427 Sixth Street. 
 427 Sixth Street. 
 406 Bryant Street. 
 Post Office. 
 312 Post Street. 
 ] 540 Ellis Street. 
 
 701 Stockton Street. 
 
 Cor. First and Natoma Sts. 
 
 647 Market Street. 
 
 234 Langton Street. 
 
 Internal Revenue Office. 
 
 11 Monroe Street. 
 
 401 Market Street. 
 
 2808 Laguna Street. 
 
 Presidio. 
 
 327 Geary Street. 
 
 2041 Howard Street. 
 
 2041 Howard Street. 
 
 6i Lewis Street. 
 
 526 Oak Street. 
 
 1825 Bush Street. 
 
 339 Bryant Street. 
 
 518 Second Street. 
 
 206 Valencia Street. 
 
 206 Powell Street. 
 
 1116 Harrison Street. 
 
 577 Minna Street. 
 
 728 Grove Street. 
 
 605 Buchanan Street. 
 
 1131J Mission Street. 
 
 36 New Montgomery Street. 
 
 325 Lai'kiu Street. 
 
 325 Larkin Street. 
 
 Twentj'-fifth and Folsom Sts. 
 
 1034 Mission Street. 
 
 323 Jessie Street. 
 
 702 Post Street. 
 659 Harrison Street. 
 511 Mason Street. 
 119 Mason Street. 
 969 Harrison Street. 
 47 South Park. 
 2213 Howard Street. 
 1819 Jessie Street. 
 
 Room 12, Montgomery Block. 
 
 518 Clay Street. 
 
 320 Sansome Street. 
 
 1408 Howard Street. 
 
 605 Natoma Street. 
 
 108 Prospect Place. 
 
 522 Third Street. 
 
 202 Market Street. 
 
 607 Sutter Street. 
 
NON-RESIDENT ACTIVE MEMBERS. 
 
 Name. 
 
 Birthplace. 
 
 UCCL'PATION. 
 
 Address. 
 
 Adams, Moses 
 
 Allen, Franklin K 
 
 Allen, M.vmn W 
 
 Ba.vter, Morris 
 
 Bettv, Geo. ,1 
 
 Bishop, A. W 
 
 Bond, Ueo. W 
 
 Brewster, Leonard O. . . 
 
 Brown, Alexander 
 
 Chiiniberlain, Geo. W. . 
 Chase, Miss Martha K.. 
 
 Childs, Marcus VV 
 
 Chikis, (). W 
 
 Oliurchill, Seth W 
 
 Cleveland,- S. A 
 
 Cole, Daniel T 
 
 Coleman, David C 
 
 Crane, Henry K 
 
 DeLoiig, Francis 
 
 Doane, Orson 
 
 Dodge, Geo. M 
 
 Dorrance, H. T., 
 
 Dorrance, Mrs. H. T . . . 
 
 Dow, Dexter D 
 
 Finnegan, P. .J 
 
 Ford, Jerom B 
 
 Galusha N. H 
 
 Gates, Benj. F 
 
 Goodhue, O. P 
 
 Gould, Will 1) 
 
 Hale, .Marshall 
 
 Harrington, \Vm. B. . . , 
 
 Hatch, Ejihraini 
 
 Hawley, Ashbel D 
 
 Hayward, L. A 
 
 Hitchcock, Rev. A. F. . 
 
 Hoadley, Jas. F 
 
 Hooker, A. L 
 
 Humphrey, Morton.... 
 
 Husted, F. M 
 
 Hyde, A.J 
 
 Jefts, Augustus 
 
 Jewell, Isaac R 
 
 Jewett, Rev. Heury E. 
 
 Jevvett, Solomon 
 
 Ladd, IraW 
 
 Mack, Geo. C 
 
 McConnell, Thos 
 
 McCov, Henry L 
 
 Mills,' Mrs. S. T 
 
 Miner, Edwin R. 
 
 Morrill, Krastus F 
 
 Montague, Rodney 
 
 Newton, Reuben 
 
 Nichols, Harrison P. . . 
 
 Nye, Eli^a 
 
 Parker, Freeman 
 
 Parker, Rev. H. I 
 
 Parker, H. G 
 
 Perry, Stephen A 
 
 Putnam, Geo. L 
 
 Eanney, Sullivan 
 
 Roach, Thos 
 
 Roy, J. A 
 
 Russ, John 
 
 Savage, Rev. Chas. A . 
 
 Sawyer, Geo. VV 
 
 Shepston, John A 
 
 Smith, Horace 
 
 Stevens, Andrew J 
 
 Stevens, Richard H. .. 
 
 Stone, Benj. T 
 
 Stone, Eli Todd 
 
 Talcott, J. R 
 
 Tinkham, Henry 
 
 Towle, Geo. W 
 
 Tyler, Hon. Geo. \V. .. 
 
 Varney, H. H 
 
 Warren, Dr. 0. P 
 
 Whitcoinb, J. B 
 
 Woodward, E. W 
 
 Waterford 
 
 Brandon 
 
 Middkhury.... 
 
 Norwich 
 
 Williston 
 
 Wallingfoid . . . 
 
 Thetford 
 
 Cambridge 
 
 Vergemies 
 
 Burlington . ... 
 
 Lyndon 
 
 Sutton 
 
 Sutton 
 
 East Swanton . . 
 
 Hartland 
 
 .Montpelier. . . 
 
 Wcsthaveii 
 
 Panton 
 
 Addison Co 
 
 Calais 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Middlebury 
 
 New Haven 
 
 Cabot 
 
 Eden 
 
 South Hero 
 
 East Arlington 
 
 South Rvegate .... 
 
 ITnderhill 
 
 Cabot 
 
 Winhall 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Chelsea 
 
 Monkton 
 
 St. Johnsbury . . . . 
 
 Chittenden 
 
 Woodstock 
 
 Peacham 
 
 Waterbury 
 
 Starksboro 
 
 Hydepark 
 
 Cnester 
 
 Bolton 
 
 St. Johnsbury 
 
 Weybridge 
 
 Danville 
 
 Plainfield 
 
 Pittsford 
 
 Georgia 
 
 Enosburgh 
 
 Peacham 
 
 Coventry 
 
 Wilmington 
 
 Hartford 
 
 Sudbury 
 
 Woodstock 
 
 Orange 
 
 Cavendish 
 
 Wolcott 
 
 Plainfield 
 
 Grafton 
 
 Rye^ate 
 
 Burlmgton 
 
 Barnet 
 
 Hartford 
 
 Stowe 
 
 Norwich 
 
 t'arpenter 
 
 Carpenter 
 
 Carriagemaker 
 
 Foreman C.P.R. F'lidry 
 
 Merchant ". 
 
 City Justice 
 
 Carpenter 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Sheepraiser 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Principal Female Scm'y 
 Hardware .Merchant. , .. 
 
 'Fruit Grower 
 
 Hotelkeeper 
 
 Undertaker 
 
 Lumberman 
 
 Liquor Dealer 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Capitalist 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Civil Engineer 
 
 Hamessmaker 
 
 Newbury .... 
 
 Barnard 
 
 Barnet 
 
 Chelsea 
 
 Cabot 
 
 Williston .... 
 
 Pom fret 
 
 Corinth 
 
 Warren 
 
 Danville 
 
 Peacham 
 
 Rockingham. 
 Tnnbridge . . . 
 
 Teamster 
 
 Carpenter 
 
 Pres. Mendoc'o Luni.Co 
 
 Teacher 
 
 Engineer 
 
 Lumber Dealer 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Mason 
 
 Farmer. . : 
 
 Clothier 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Clergyman 
 
 Commission Merchant. 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Janitor 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Clerk..; 
 
 Jeweler 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Clergyman and Teacher 
 Pres. Kern Co. Bank . . 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Sheritf 
 
 Teacher 
 
 Farmer and Engineer. . 
 
 Sawyer 
 
 Orchardist 
 
 Miner 
 
 Farm Machinery Dealer 
 
 Grocer 
 
 F'amier and .Surveyor 
 
 Clergyman 
 
 R. R.Man 
 
 Merchandising 
 
 Postmaster 
 
 Farmer 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Emp. Evening Bulletin 
 
 Clergyman 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Speculator 
 
 Master Mechanic C.P.R. 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Prof, of Astronomy . . . . 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Butcher 
 
 Lumber Merchant 
 
 .Attorney 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Physician 
 
 Real Estate 
 
 Real Estate 
 
 Modesto. 
 
 V\atcrfora. 
 
 Oakland. 
 
 Sacramento. 
 
 West Butte. 
 
 Oakland. 
 
 San Rafael. 
 
 Modest... 
 
 Jenny Lind. 
 
 Iterkcley. 
 
 Santa Rosa. 
 
 Los Angeles. 
 
 Los Angeles. 
 
 San Jose. 
 
 Modesto. 
 
 Mountain House, Sierra Co. 
 
 Modesto. 
 
 San Leandro. 
 
 Novato. 
 
 San .luan. 
 
 San Rafael. 
 
 Stockton. 
 
 Stockton. 
 
 San Bruno Road, S. F. 
 
 Greenville, Plumas Co. 
 
 East Oakland. 
 
 San Jose. 
 
 East Berkeley. 
 
 Sacramento. 
 
 Los Angeles. 
 
 San Jose. 
 
 Marysville. 
 
 Ceres. 
 
 Newhall. 
 
 San Bruno Road, S. F. 
 
 Suisun. 
 
 Cloverdale. 
 
 San Bruno Road, S. F. 
 
 East Oakland. 
 
 Berkeley. 
 
 Stockton. 
 
 Modesto. 
 
 Petal uma. 
 
 Golden Gate Academy, Oakl'd 
 
 Bakersfield. 
 
 Stockton. 
 
 Westminster, L. A. Co. 
 
 Elk Grove. 
 
 Marysville. 
 
 Mills Seminary, Alameda Co. 
 
 Benton, Mono Co. 
 
 Greenville, Plumas Co. 
 
 Los Angeles. 
 
 Grass Valley. 
 
 Stockton. 
 
 Oakland. 
 
 Petahnna. 
 
 Santa .-Vna. 
 
 Oakland. 
 
 Douglas Flat. 
 
 Bodie. 
 
 Stockton. 
 
 Petaluma. 
 
 San Bruno Road, S. F. 
 
 Oakland. 
 
 Berkeley. 
 
 San Bruno Road, S. F. 
 
 San Jose Road. 
 
 Bodie 
 
 Sacramento. 
 
 Visalia. 
 
 San Jose. 
 
 Modesto. 
 
 Oakland. 
 
 Stockton. 
 
 Dutch Flat. 
 
 Alameda. 
 
 San Bruno Road, S. F. 
 
 Oakland. 
 
 Berkeley. 
 
 St. Helena. 
 
HONORARY MEMBERS. 
 
 Backus, Mrs. Lucj 
 
 Barlow, Jos. C 
 
 Barrett, Etta G 
 
 Beggs, Mrs. Emma G. . .. 
 
 Bradford, Wallace 
 
 Bradford, Mrs. W 
 
 Burr, Mrs. B 
 
 Byington, J. S 
 
 Cady, Geo. B 
 
 Carter, Mrs. Sarah J . . . . 
 Chamberlain, Mrs. G. W. 
 Chamberlain, Annette J. 
 
 Childs, W. H 
 
 Clough, Mrs. J. \V 
 
 Cobb, F. D 
 
 Collins, Mrs. J. A 
 
 Conner, Mrs. Jennie L. . 
 
 Crosset, Mrs. T 
 
 Crossett, F. W 
 
 Crossett, E. T 
 
 Cimimings, Mrs. H. K... 
 
 Cummings, Kate M 
 
 Dunn, Rev. Dr. Ransom. 
 
 Dodge, Zenas U 
 
 Ellis, Mrs. C. J 
 
 Ewer, Mrs. W. B 
 
 Goodell, Rev. C. L 
 
 Hale, E. \V 
 
 Hale, Jas. M 
 
 Hale, O. A 
 
 Hale, P. C 
 
 Hardy, Estelle L. J 
 
 Hardy, Lowell E 
 
 Hardy, Lowell J. , Jr. . . . 
 
 Haskins, Mrs. H. A 
 
 Henry, Mrs. W. W 
 
 Hopkins, Caspar T 
 
 Hopkins, Mrs. Geo. W. .. 
 
 Hopknis, Annie F 
 
 Humphrey, Mrs. Morton 
 
 Hurlburt, Eva 
 
 flusted, Mrs. F. M 
 
 Jameson, Mrs. H. D 
 
 Little, Mrs. L. G... 
 
 Needham, Mrs. C. E . . . . 
 
 Nelson, Horace..^. 
 
 Page, Rufus 
 
 Parker, Mrs. H. G 
 
 Rice, W. H 
 
 Rice, Mrs. W. H.. 
 
 Riker, Mrs. H. H..:. ... 
 
 Rixford, Mrs. G- P 
 
 Rixford, Mrs. E. H 
 
 Scott, Mrs. A. W 
 
 Scott, Geo. W 
 
 Scott, Albert Place 
 
 Scott, Mrs. J. J 
 
 Shaw, W. A 
 
 Seaver, G. L 
 
 Small, R. G 
 
 Smart, E. K 
 
 Smith, A. VV 
 
 Somers, Mrs. H. C 
 
 Somers, Bank 
 
 Soul(5, Mrs. Dr. A. G.... 
 
 Soul6, Maud 
 
 Staniels, Mrs Anna E 
 
 Tullar, Mrs. A. G 
 
 Towle, Mrs. E. W 
 
 Towle, Geo. G 
 
 Towle, O. A 
 
 Towle, Allien A 
 
 Towle, Mrs. Geo. W 
 
 Vandercook, Roberts 
 
 Wiliey, Frank D 
 
 Amherst, N. H.. . . 
 
 Brandon, Vt 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 Boston, Mass 
 
 Nantucket, Mass . . 
 Mantucket, Mass. . 
 Reading, Mass .... 
 
 Chazy, N. Y 
 
 E. Greenwich, R. I. 
 Whitehall, N. Y. . . 
 Hartford, Conn.. . . 
 
 Galesburg, 111 
 
 Boston, Mass 
 
 Grantham, N. H . . 
 Kalamazoo, Mich. . 
 Coventry, Conn . . . 
 La Colle, Canada. . 
 Greenwich, N. Y . 
 Pittsfield, Mass . . . 
 Pittsfield, Mass. . . . 
 Boston, Mass. . . . .' 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 Bakersfield 
 
 P. Townsend, W.T. 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 Vineyard Haven, Mass, 
 
 Calais, Vi 
 
 South Haven, Mich. 
 Scrupple, N. Y. . . . 
 
 Granby, N. Y 
 
 South Haven, Mich. 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 Lexington, Mass. . , 
 Thomaston, Me. . . , 
 Sleubenville, Ohio 
 Pittsburg, Penn. . . 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 Halstead, N. Y.... 
 Sacramento, Cal . . 
 
 Omro, Wis 
 
 Calais, Me 
 
 Oxford, Me 
 
 Crown Point, N.Y, 
 
 Monroe, N. H 
 
 Darian, Ga 
 
 Roxbury, Mass. . . . 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 Philadelphia, Penn 
 Belleville, Ont . . . 
 Stanbridge, P. Q. 
 
 Lodi, N. Y 
 
 Wayne, Me 
 
 San Francisco .... 
 San Francisco. . . . 
 Swansea, England 
 Quebec, Canada. . 
 
 Phillipstown 
 
 Harwich, Mass . . . 
 Dutch Flat, Cal . . 
 Lyman, N. H. ... 
 Thomaston, Me. . 
 San Francisco. . . . 
 
 Chazy, N. Y 
 
 Marysville, Cal. . . 
 Milfbrd, N. H . . . . 
 
 Insurance 
 
 Photographer . 
 
 Storekeeper, U. S. Mint 
 
 Merchant 
 
 Teacher. 
 Teacher . 
 
 Clergyman and Teacher 
 Stationer and Printer , . 
 
 Clergyman. 
 Merchant. . 
 ilerchant. . 
 Merchant. . 
 Merchant . . 
 
 Attorney 
 
 Pres. California Ins. Co. 
 
 Milkman 
 
 Collector, S. V. W. W. 
 
 Police Officer. 
 
 Coal Dealer. 
 
 Master Mariner. 
 Bookkeeper. . . . 
 Milkman 
 
 Winslow, 111 . . . 
 Dutch Flat, Cal 
 Dutch Flat, Cal 
 Dutch Flat, Cal 
 Northampton, N.Y 
 Pittstown, N. Y 
 San Francisco . . 
 
 Carpenter. 
 
 605 Pine Street. 
 
 Binghampton, N. Y. 
 
 1000 Pine Street. 
 
 1710 Geary Street. 
 
 ■21-23 California Street. 
 
 21-23 California Street. 
 
 Capp and 16th Street. 
 
 417 California Street. 
 
 235 Kearny Street. 
 
 Sonora, Cal. 
 
 Berkeley, Cal. 
 
 Berkeley, Cal. 
 
 823 Golden Gate Avenue. 
 
 44 Tkird Street. 
 
 San Jose. 
 
 1 Boston Place. 
 
 Cor. Market and Powell Sts. 
 
 916 Twentieth Street. 
 
 Caspar, Cal. 
 
 Evergreen, Cal. 
 
 20 Perry Street. 
 
 20 Perry Street. 
 
 Hillsdale, Michigan. 
 
 407 Leavenworth Street. 
 
 2123 California Street. 
 
 1512 Folsom Street. 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Stockton, Cal. 
 
 Sacramento, Cal. 
 
 San Jose, Cal. 
 
 Petaluma, Cal. 
 
 6 Beaver Street. 
 
 6 Beaver Street.' 
 
 S38 Market Street. 
 
 I131i Mission Street. 
 
 37 Second Street. 
 
 31 » California Street. 
 
 Berkeley, Cal. 
 
 Berkele.y, Cal. 
 
 Brooklyn, Cal. 
 
 1601 Geary Street. 
 
 Berkeley, Cal. 
 
 24 Washington Avenue. 
 
 6 Beaver Street. 
 
 San Jose, Cal. 
 
 35 Eddy Street. 
 
 200 Stockton Street. 
 
 Oakland, Cal. 
 
 2041 Howard Street. 
 
 2041 Howard Street. 
 
 6i Lewis Street. 
 
 1«25 Bush Street. 
 
 526 Oak Street. 
 
 19 Rincon Place. 
 
 19 Rincon Place. 
 
 19 Rincon Place. 
 
 577 Minna Street. 
 
 728 Grove Street. 
 
 509 Fell Street. 
 
 11311^ Mission Street. 
 
 13]3*Vallejo Street. 
 
 35 Eddy Street. 
 
 25tb and Folsom Street. 
 
 1034 Mission Street. 
 
 3-25 Larkin Street. 
 
 325 Larkin Street. 
 
 152S Eddv Street. 
 
 969 Harrison Street. 
 
 Dutch Flat, Cal. 
 
 Dutch Flat, Cal. 
 
 Dutch Flat, Cal. 
 
 Dutch Flat, Cal. 
 
 Dutch Flat, Cal. 
 
 26 Turk Street. 
 
 5-22 Third Street. 
 
 <^" In addition to the foregoing^. at the office of the Secretary, is a Register containing tlie names, occupation and 
 present residence of over 1,700 Vermonters residing in California. This may be consulted by any one who desires. 
 
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