Alabama Memorial Commission Campaign Handbook Suggestive Speech and Publicity Material for Use of Speakers, Directors and JP Others, in the Campaign for ^5 Funds for the \lt\(o ALABAMA MEMORIAL To erect a true memorial to epitomize and apotheosize the great war, that posterity may benefit by our sacrifices and travail, is a sacred privilege that Is transcendent in its importance. — ROBEBT C, LAFFEBTY. Montgomery, Alabama. Tb« Brown Printing Company, Stata Printers and Binders, 1»19. Class ID _no Book . 6 U .!\z.K{^ o 5.^ W BS H O S 2 « 5 o ^; Alabama Memorial Commission Campaign Handbook Suggestive Speech and Publicity Material for Use of Speakers, Directors and Others, in the Campaign for Funds for the ALABAMA MEMORIAL To erect a true memorial to epitomize and apotheosize tlie great war. that posterity may benefit by our sacrifices and travail, is a sacred privilege that is transcendent in its importance. import — Robert C. Laffertv. MontKomery, Alabama. The Brown PrintinK Company, State Printers and Binders, 1919. ll57o THE DEBT By Theodosia Garrison. For the youth they gave and the blood they gave, For the strength that was our stay, For every marked or nameless grave On the steel-torn Flanders way — We who are whole of body and soul We have a debt to pay. For the youth they gave and the blood they gave We must render back the due ; For every marked or nameless grave We must pay with a service true ; Till the scales stand straight with even weight And the world is a world made new. n. of w. SEP 12 ,9,g ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION Officers and Members His Excellency, Gov. Thomas E. Kilby, ex-officio, Montgomery, Chairman ; Henry P. Merritt, Speaker, House of Representatives, ex-officio, Tuskegee ; Senator T. J. Bedsole, President pro tern, of the Senate, ex- officio, Grove Hill; Hon. J. Q. Smith, Attorney General, ex-officio, Montgomery; Dr. Thomas M. Owen, Director, Department of Archives and History, ex-officio, Montgomery, Secretary and Historian ; Borden Burr, Birmingham ; W. R. Chapman, Dothan ; Albert C. Davis, Montgomery ; N. D. Denson, Opelika ; Senator James B. Ellis, Selma ; C. A. O'Neal, Andalusia ; A. G. Patterson, Albany ; L. Pizitz, Birmingham ; Joseph 0. Thompson, Birmingham; Rev. Dr. Richard Wilkinson, Montgomery ; Dr. Henry J. Willingham, Florence. Campaign Officers R. L. Bradley, Montgomery (State Treasurer), Treasurer; W. S. Stallings, Birmingham, State Campaign Director; Spright Dowell, Montgomery, Campaign Director for Schools; Fred H. Gormley, Y. M. C. A. Building, Birmingham, Newspa- per Publicity Director. The Commission was formally organized in the office of the Governor, February 18, rules adopted, committees appointed, the sum of $500,000 agreed upon as a minimum to be raised by popular subscription for the me- morial, and June 27-July 4, 1919, selected as the week for the drive. Later a campaign organization was effected, campaign officers selected, etc. Friday,, May 9, 1919, was named as Memorial Building Day in the schools. All general inquiries should be addressed to the Secretary and Historian as above; and school campaign correspondence to Mr. Dowell. All general campaign commrnications should be directed to W. S. Stall- ings, State Campaign Director, Y. M. C. A. Building. Birmingham, Ala. MEMORIAL FOR ALABAMA SOLDIERS (Extract from Rciiori of the Alabama Coiuicil of Defense, 1918.) Just as we have served the living, so we must pay tribute in an abiding way to those heroes who have finished their course in life. As a testimonial to the gallantry, the courage and the nobleness of purpose which actuated them to go forth to battle, should we not erect a permanent and lasting memorial ? Not one simply of artistic conception or imposing design, but a building of adequate proportions and enduring usefulness, and which will tend to keep alive the records and exploits of those sons of Alabama who made the supreme sacrifice, and yet prove a bene- faction to the veterans of the great world war. We trust that by legislative action or voluntary subscriptions, either or both, some definite program may be worked out to commemorate the acts of heroism and devotion of Alabama's sons who lie beneath the sod of a sister Republic. TABLE OF CONTENTS Title 1 Organizatiiiii of (Onmiissiitu 3 Contents 5 Introdiction Alabama's Memorial a Massive Buildini;. By W. S. Stallings 7 Alabama Memouial Commission Createo; Commendatory Expressions; Memorial Efforts in Other States Alaliama Memorial Commission Created 13 Design of the Alabama Memorial 14 Alabama's Memorial Hall 15 Ttie State Memorial 17 Let's All Get Together 17 IvEcoRD OF Alabama in the World War Alabama's Answer to the Nation's Call. By Gov. Charles Henderson 21 Record of Alabama in the European War. By Gov. Thomas E. Kilby 24 Alabama's War Work. By Dr. Hastings H. Hart 25 Alabama's Record in the Selective Draft. By L. E. La^Iont 29 Patriotic and Memorial Selections Alabama. By Miss Julia S. Tutwiler 35 A Land Without Ruins. By Father Abram J. Ryan 35 A Song for Heroes. By Edwin Markham 3(5 Your Lad and My Lad. By Randall Parrish 37 The Service Flag. By William Herschell 38 In Flanders' Fields. By Lieut.-Col. John D. McRae 39 Rest in Peace. By James N. Gunnels 39 In Flanders' Fields : An Answer. By C. B. Galbreath 40 INTRODUCTION ALABAMA'S MEMORIAL A MASSIVE BUILDING Reasons Prompting the Decision of the Commission By W. S. Stallings, State Campaign Director. (P'voni BiiiniiH/hain Xeirs, May i:'>. 1011).) Why a massive building as Alabama's memorial to those who died or were ready to die in defense of America's ideals and public policies? What better answer could be given to this ques- tion than that fifty years from now those who made the word "Alabama" honored in France and all Europe will be living in the glorious past, and their proudest mental possession will be the thought that "I was one of those who w^ent over and aided in establishing that name," or "I was ready to go across." Then the best moment of those who came back will be spent in reading and talking of the exploits of other years. A nation always links its past with its present and considers its record in planning for the future. Glories of the past lend the proper inspiration for the solution of the problems of the present and the solution of these problems means the advance- ments of the future. Alabama Honored Name Alabama's name is on the lips of all nations now. Wherever one goes in France one hears of those fellows from Alabama. This State's soldiers, members of the famous One Hundred and Sixty-Seventh Regiment, were the only ones referred to in France by the name of their State, all because of their records at Chateau- Thierry, St. Mihiel and Sedan. Alabama must preserve the history of this wonderful fighting organization, the official records of the regiment, the archives of the various units composing it, the trophies of war brought back by them. Many other men from Alabama aided in making the State's record. They were members of other organizations. Their records, too, must be collected and preserved somewhere so their friends and relatives may know that for all time there is a place in this State where they may find what each person in whom they are interested did to establish democracy as the political policy of the world. 8 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION At this time there is no place to preserve these records and at the same time to have them available for inspection or for exhibition. Hence the memorial building. One may think little of the value of the proposed memorial now, but as the years go by interest will become greater and greater, and fifty years from now each citizen will say to himself: "I am glad that I had a part in that drive of 1919 which gave my State a building that has kept alive the spirit created by those fellowg in 1918." Leads in Preservation of History This State was the first in the South to provide for a great Department of Archives and History, charged with the duty officially to receive, compile and preserve all records, reports, documents, trophies, manuscripts, paintings and other things which make up the State's History. Its work is known through- out the nation and in foreign countries, but, sad to relate, its facilities have not been such as to give the State the maximum benefits of the wonderful organization. The "Alabama Memorial" will furnish just the facilities needed. It will enable the properly-constituted officers to collect all records and documents bearing on this State's part in the war and to preserve the individual records of all Alabama's rep- resentatives. Attention will be paid to every feature of the State's war work and every citation of a soldier, sailor or marine will be filed. Memorial Features It is proposed that the building shall be a work of art. It will be constructed of Alabama marble. On the walls will be painted scenes of the battles in which Alabama men participated, especially Chateau-Thierry and St. Mihiel, and will show their advance just before the armistice was signed toward the spot at Sedan where France was humbled by the Prussian hordes in the Franco-Prussian war, and where on November 11, 1918, the allied nations completed the task of visiting righteous retribution on the invaders. Provision will be made for statues of men who led the Ala- bama soldiers, of those who received recognition for bravery, and of those who paid the State's debt to freedom with their lives. It will be a memorial building in every sense of the word. No part of the State's record will be neglected. Plans of Thirty-Seven Other States Alabama is not alone in providing a memorial building. Thirty-seven of the forty-eight States have answered inquiries CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 9 regarding their memorials. Of this number, thirteen have already made plans for memorial buildings and five have pro- posed memorial buildings, but final action has not been taken. Two will build monuments or statutes, one will erect a bronze tablet, one will have a system of memorial highways, one will construct a memorial bridge, one is planting memorial trees along a national highway, while thirteen have not completed plans. Eleven states have not answered inquiries. The states which will construct memorial buildings are Ala- bama, Delaware, Illinois, Iowa, Mississippi, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina, South Dakota, and Tennessee. Those which propose memorial buildings but have not completed plans are Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, Rhode Island and Utah. Colorado and Washington are the only states which have pro- vided for monuments or statues. Wyoming will erect a bronze tablet in its capitol. Oregon has proposed a system of Memo- rial Highways. Maine is planning the erection of a memorial bridge connecting the State with New Hampshire. Louisiana is planting memorial trees. States which have not decided on forms of memorials are Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kan- sas, Massachusetts, Montana, New York, Ohio, Texas, West Vir- ginia, and Wisconsin. Alabama Memorial by Legislative Action Alabama was the first State to provide for a State Memorial by legislative enactment and the action of a majority of the other states shows that the idea of this State is shared by the Nation. Tennessee proposes the erection of a building for its archives and history at a total cost of $2,225,000, Mississippi will make a State drive for $500,000, the same week as the Alabama drive, June 27 to July 4, the fund to be used for the same purpose as the Alabama fund. Reasons for Building Overwhelming Many things prompted the Alabama Memorial Commission to make its decision in favor of a building. From every part of the Nation appeals have been registered against the erection of memorials which will lose their beauty, their prestige, as time advances into the twentieth century. It has been pointed out that monuments in commemoration of deeds during the Civil War were erected and many of them attract little attention now. Persons interested in memorials, students of architecture and other arts are agreed that buildings are the proper form of mem- orials in this age. 10 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION After reaching the conclusion that a building should be erected, the Memorial Commission then took up the problem of selecting the form of the building. It had before it the sugges- tion that the building provide for the welfare of soldiers, sailors and marines, but this was counter-balanced by information from Washington that Congress had appropriated $10,000,000 for this work and would appropriate $50,000,000 or more during the year if the Public Health Service asked for such an amount. In view of the fact that the National Government considered this prob- lem one for the Nation instead of the individual states this sug- gestion was cast aside. Then came the proposal that a great building be constructed, to be known as the "Alabama Memorial" and to be used in receiving, storing, preserving and exhibiting the records, his- tories, trophies and valuable articles of the State. The Com- mission reached the conclusion that this was the proper form of the memorial building since the other suggestion had already been cared for by the National Government and since there should be some central point where records of the past could be preserved in order that they might lend inspiration for the solu- tion of the problems of the present. In this connection it might be stated that the allies, knowing how important a part sentiment has in the life of nations, suc- cessfully urged before the peace conference that Germany be required to surrender precious manuscripts and early printed books in partial reparation for the destruction of the Library of Louvain, and to retiarn other trophies which the invaders had removed from Belgium and Northern France, and which were valueless except for the sentiment attached to them. This re- quirement was incorporated in section seven of the peace treaty delivered to the German Government. Alabama Memorial Commission Created; Commendatory Expressions; Memorial Efforts in Other States The custom of coiuiiieinoratiiisi the dead is older than history. Spec-ial honor has always been paid to the heroic dead — those who have renderetl great service or made great sacrifice for the general welfare. Every village has its churchyard filled with costly marble ; every city has its statues, monu- ments, or other memorials. — The American City, December, 1918, p. 471. So fresh is the painful memory of our losses and those of our allies in the war. and so much have we been impressed witli the greatness of our national and world leaders in this crisis, that we have reminded ourselves of the fact that it would be tragic if their names and their deeds were lost, for- gotten amidst the passing of time and the shuffling of generations. We are impressed with the thought that one of the highest and most sacred duties of any people is to revere the times and the great leaders and heroes of its past. Out of the Past the Present has come and from the Present and the Past the Future can only be born. The historical continuity of a people or an institution is impressed upon us today as never before because we have gone throiigh A great historical crisis. The thought that great men of a former generation who did big things should be forgotten in lieu of the moderns and the so-called progressive, is strange to our minds today. — Milner, Suggestive Si)eech Material, Sewanee Campaign, 1919, p. 14. Any memorial should be built of permanent materials such as stone or bricli and be fireproof — for it sliould of its very nature he permanent. In old-established conununities where there is an architectural tradition exempli- fied by the older buildings in the town the memorial should conform to their general character. — Suggestions for a Liring Memorial, 1919, p. 10. ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION CREATED 9.) (H. 5— Merritt. AN ACT To create the Alabama Memorial Commission, to prescribe its powers and duties, and to make an appropriation in aid thereof. Section 1. Be it enacted hy the Legislature of Alabama, That there is hereby created a commission, to be known as the "Ala- bama Memorial Commission," to consist of the governor, the attorney general, the director of the department of archives and history, president pro tem of the Senate and the speaker of the House of Representatives, all ex-officio, and twelve other persons to be appointed by the governor. Sec. 2. The governor shall be president, and the director of the department of archives and history shall be secretary and historian of the commission ; a careful record of its proceedings shall be kept, an annual report to the governor to be made, to be printed as other official reports, and it is empowered to adopt rules for its guidance and for the execution of its powers herein proposed, and eight members shall constitute a quorum; and the members shall serve without compensation, other than reim- bursement for traveling and living expenses while in. attendance, upon the meetings of the business of the commission. — *= ^ Sec. 3. The commission shall have full authority and power^ and it shall be its duty, as early as practicable after the approval of this act, to elfect an organization, and to consider and adopt plans for the erection of a suitable memorial to commemorate the part of Alabama and Alabamians in the world war. In the exe- cution of the powers herein conferred, the commission may solicit and receive gifts and donations or property, and may organize and conduct campaigns or canvass throughout the State for the purpose of securing contributions and subscriptions for the me- morial herein provided. Power is given to adopt the form and design of the memorial, to determine the extent of the cost there- of, and to secure an appropriate site on which to locate or erect the said memorial, and power is hereby conferred upon the commission to proceed, through the attorney general in the name of the State to condemn and acquire land in accordance with the laws governing condemnation now in force in the State. Power is further given to elect all executive officers or other persons necessary in organizing and carrying on the work of raising funds, and further power is conferred to contract for and super- intend the erection of such memorial, plans therefor to be made from the funds herein approved and which may hereafter be col- 14 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION lected. In order to safeguard the funds, the executive secretary and the treasurer shall be required to give bond in some surety company in such sum and otherwise conditioned as the commis- sion may determine. Sec. 4. The sum of fifty thousand dollars is hereby appro- priated as the official contribution on the part of the State to- ward the erection of such memorial, but such sum shall not be available until the sum of two hundred thousand dollars has been raised by voluntary contribution throughout the State, and such sum shall not be actually expended from the State treasury until the expenditure first of the amounts voluntarily contributed. The further sum of ten thousand dollars is hereby appropriated, to be immediately available, to be used and employed by the commis- sion for the purpose of organization, salaries, printing, advertis- ing and other expenses necessary to the putting on of campaign for the raising of the subscriptions and contributions herein above prescribed, and the State auditor is hereby directed to draw his warrant for such part of the said sum of $10, 000. CO, from time to time as may be required by the governor. Approved February 3, 1919. DESIGN OF THE ALABAMA MEMORIAL Resolution Adopted by the Alabama Memorial Commission, April 3, 1919 Whereas, the act of the Legislature under which we derive our powers authorizes us only to adopt plans, receive contribu- tions for, and cause the erection of a "suitable memorial to com- memorate the part of Alabama and Alabamians in the world war," "to adopt the form and design of the memorial," and "to secure an appropriate site on which to locate or erect the said memorial ;" and Whereas, both the spirit of the law and the intent of the Legislature of Alabama provide for a memorial to our soldiers and sailors perpetuating for posterity their records and evidenc- ing by its name, character and location, its form and design the dominant ideal of a state-wide memorial, as distinguished from the humanitarian idea; therefore, Be It Resolved, (1) That we adopt as the form of memorial a building to be called "Alabama Memorial," and to be of such design and archi- tecture as will best illustrate and commemorate the record of Alabama and Alabamians in the world war; (2) That in order that the memorial building should be state- wide in both its purposes and uses a^ appropriate site on or near the capitol grounds, in the city of Montgomery, be secured ; CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 15 (3) And in order to secure for posterity the records of the past, present and future and the traditions of the past, and to assist in formulating the future historical movements of the State, and in order that our educational system may keep step with the progress of our people — both drawing inspiration from our history and lending strength thereto — and for the reason that the history of our State and the education of its citizens are so closely allied, the State Department of Archives and History shall have the custody or care of the said memorial building and its historical contents, and the State Department of Education shall be housed therein. (4) That the Executive Committee of the Commission in keeping with these resolutions be authorized and directed to pro- cure proper plans and specifications for the memorial building, determine the extent of the cost thereof, and make report to this commission as far as practicable within thirty days from this date. ALABAMA'S MEMORIAL HALL (From The Montyomery Advertiser, April 4, 1919.) The Alabama Memorial Commission has decided that the memorial which will be raised to honor the valor and devotion of Alabamians in the great European war and which will be built by the generous gifts of Alabamians moved by pride in and effection for their sons and brothers, shall take the form of a beautiful and stately memorial building erected in Montgomery, somewhere near the State House. This decision to honor the dead and the living by a monument which will inspire pride and patriotism, and which will symbolize a great chapter in the history and traditions of Alabama, will meet with the earnest approval of the mass of Alabamians, who are today moved by an eager desire to honor the sons of Alabama, while their deeds are fresh in the minds of men. The supporters of the plan for a great hospital building for the alleviation of the sufferings of the soldiers and their families in the future ably presented their idea, and they sustained their rroject by a generous financial offer which would have given impetus to the memorial campaign at its inception. The mem- bers of the commission discussed at some length the appropriate- ness and the suitability of a philanthropic and utilitarian institu- tion, in comparison with the original project of establishing a monument which would appeal to the ideal and heroic in human nature, and contribute to the creation of a splendid morale in Alabama's people. It was pointed out in a legal opinion rendered 16 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION to the commissioners, however, that the commission had no right under the act creating and providing for the erection of a memorial, to build a hospital. The efforts of the advocates of the hospital plan, however, were not made in vain, nor was the discussion of the project bootless. The act will undoubtedly be amended at the summer session of the Legislature, so that the commission can supplement its efforts, after providing for the memorial hall, to use its machinery for the erection of a State Hospital and to turn over for such an institution the funds left after the memorial building is erected. The unspoken purpose in the hearts of all the people of Alabama, to commemorate a great chapter in the history of the State and the men who made it, has now been crystallized by the legal action of the agents of the State, into a stately and beautiful memorial hall. It is a great conception ; no one man alone can claim to have created it. It projects the vision of a building of white beauty, its lines drawn true to taste and art, set in spacious grounds — a temple of patriotism with the relics of a heroic struggle set around and about. It will, the commission decided quite appropriately, house the Department of Archives and His- tory, for the resources of that department are committed to the task of keeping alive the memory of the valor of the men who challenged, halted and beat back the terror of German militar- ism. It will hold, too, by the decision of the commission, the offices of the men responsible for the present great educational activi- ties in the State. The assignment of the quarters in the building to the Depart- ment of Archives and History and of the State Educational De- partment was but incidental. The building had to be cared for, occupied and kept going ; its original, its primary purpose could be best observed by keeping it alive with occupants whose labors were in accord with and supplementary to the purpose which was behind its construction. The memorial will be, for all time, a symbol and an inspiration, rather than a utilitarian agency. It will, as it very properly should, appeal to the ideal and inspire the spiritual in the people of Alabama. It will be the focus of the State's patriotism, a center of influence from which will arouse forces to permeate our people and contribute to the mak- ing of that matchles morale in a people, founded upon loyalty, honor and duty. We may hope that the reality of this conception will develop into a building so stately, so dignified and so appropriate, that people from afar will come to wonder at the achievements of the people of Alabama in commemorating the valor of their soldiers. The funds for the memorial will be raised by a popular sub- scription directed and conducted by State officials, specifically •^ CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 17 empowered to do the work by the Legislature. In the work of raising funds it is incumbent upon the city of Montgomery to lead. The memorial was not ordered to be built through any partiality or for friendship for Montgomery. It was ordered to be erected in this city without any consideration of its possible effect in beautifying and improving Montgomery. Montgomery happened to be the seat of the State government, and the memo- rial hall was naturally ordered to be built near the Capitol. But it will improve — it will beautify Montgomery. It will furnish the city with an added interest and an attraction for visitors. In the years to come, this building will draw many thousand visitors who but for the memorial hall would never have come. Now, in appreciation of this favor of good fortune the people of Montgomery should lead the remainder of the State in the collection of funds for the building. THE STATE MEMORIAL (From The Mohilc livuhfcr. April .j, lOlO.) The State memorial of the valor and sacrifices of the soldiers and sailors and marines of Alabama in the great war will take the shape of an imposing building to be erected in Montgomery, and which will be a monument and at the same time the reliquary of the war. In it will be preserved the history of the gallant deeds of our men ; and the trophies and relics that will illustrate to coming generations the greatest conflict the world has ever known or probably will ever know. The memorial will be useful as well as an ornament. It will be dedicated to history and edu- cation ; it will house the valuable war collections already made by the State department of archives and history and it will also give room for the State's educational department. While it calls to mind at all times the heroism of our soldiers and instructs intimately as to the part each soldier or sailor played in the world drama, it will help to cultivate a finer civilization and to impress upon the minds of the coming generations in Alabama the importance of the great moral right for which the war was fought, and the nobility of American patriotism. LET'S ALL GET TOGETHER (From MoutooiiKiji Journal, April 15, liUD.) While there was some differences as to what form the mem- orial to our soldiers in the recent war should take, there has never been any differences on the question as to Alabama's duty to erect such memorial ; and now that the memorial commission 18 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMLSSION has acted, has unanimously agreed on a building for the depart- ment of archives and history of the State — a building in which can be stored and preserved "for all time the records, histories and souvenirs of all who participated in the world war as the representatives of Alabama" — let there be no dissenting voice, but a united effort to raise the funds necessary. Let all enter upon the work in hand — a most patriotic work — with enthusiasm, and if so, there will be no doubt of the result. No state in the United States furnished braver, more daring and fearless soldiers than Alabama, according to population, and few states furnishing so many officers who achieved distinc- tion on field of battle. In this, Alabama has maintained its record in all wars in which this section of this country has been involved in all its history ; and that record is a proud one — one of distinction. The memorial building is to be erected upon Capitol Hill, and it is to be made one in which the people of Alabama will have cause to have a pride. And the uses to which it is to be put will ever keep vividly and freshly in the minds of the people that the building is a monument to those heroes who gave their lives to their country, for freedom and humanity, and to those who gave their service and so nobly offered their lives as sacrifice in the interest of liberty and humanity. The Journal repeats, let's get together, no matter what dif- ferences we may have had as to the form of the memorial, and join in the good work soon to begin of raising the half million dollars for the erection of the memorial building. As Dr. W. B. Crumpton, who represented those who have favored the State hospital memorial idea, said in a letter to The Journal, "I hope the advocates of the State hospital will lay hold, with liberal hand, and aid in the drive for the Archives and History Building." In this attitude toward the action of the commission in agreeing upon a building for the Archives and History Department of the State, Dr. Crumpton represents the sentiment of thousands and tens of thousands of people throughout the State who had favored the State hospital as, what they conceived would be, the most appropriate and most helpful to humanity. It is gratifying to see one of the ablest advocates of the State hospital as memorial come out so emphatically and strongly for the form of memorial agreed upon by the commission. Again we say, let us unite in this good work, and help to crown with success the efforts of those who will be named to help raise the amount required. The Journal assures the commission it enters the campaign for raising subscriptions for the memorial as our brave soldiers entered the war — with the spirit of deter- mination to win. Record of Alabama in the World War A memorial worthy of the recent conflict must be dynamic ; it must he a building that shall honor the dead by immortalizing the principles for which they made the supreme sacrifice ; it must be a building commemorating the service of the living by giving service. — The American Citi/, December, 1918, p. 471. If they are to exist at all, they must be the best. This means that we are bound to guard ourselves scrupulously against the commercial purveyors of mortuary art. What has hapiiened in cemeteries in the way of family vaults. '"Celtic crosses," symbolical statues and headstones, should give us l)ause. There are just two iieople who can jiossibly produce what is wanted, the architect and the sculptor; and the connnittee that picks its type memorial from an illustrated catalogue (probably delivered liy parcel-post) gets exactly what it deserves, even if the soldiers and sailors and airmen get much less. —Cram, The Architectural Record, February, 1919, p. 116. ALABAMA'S ANSWER TO THE NATION'S CALL By Gov. Charles IIendekson. (Extract from Message to the Legislature, Jauuary U, VMU.) In the making of this record, our nation has depended and rehed upon the co-operation and support of the forty-eight states ■ ?^ ,V"^°"' ^l^bama has participated in this support equally with all the other states, and now with the return of peace, we can look with pride upon the score that has been made in each of the activities concerning the war, that have gone far towards aid- ing and strengthening our government in the performance of its tasks. Alabama answered the nation's call by the tender of volun- teers. She answered it through the stoical acceptance upon the part of her people, of the duties assigned to them, by reason of citizenship. She answered the call of the nation by the tender of her best young manhood and of her treasure, without evasion. This was all done with the unfaltering determination, that the honor and integrity of the nation should be preserved and that the best traditions of a noble ancestry should be upheld and glorified. How well that faith has been nurtured, is best told in the daily reports that have come from the battlefields of Chateau-Thierry, on the Marne, before Verdun, in the Argonne Forest and from the sectors from Flanders to Lorraine. It is told in the golden hue of the stars in the home service flags. And now when the advance guards of our heroes, flushed with victory, are returning to their native land, we can rejoice as Americans and as Alabamians, over the records which they have made during the world conflict and which records they now bring and present to us, as fresh laurels for the graves of our heroes of the past and of the present. While rejoicing over the return of our soldiers, our happiness is tempered with a touch of sorrow, for, there are many of those heroes who met the supreme test of duty, by giving up their lives as a sacrifice to their country, that others might live. We should remember, however, that while the bodies of these heroes may lie in the sacred soil of France, that usefulness and service to one's country and to his fellowman, is not to be measured by the span of years in which he may be permitted to live this life. The influence of a hero does not cease with his physical existence here, but his spirit continues to abide with his fellowman and to incite him to deeds of valor and to the higher ideals of life, for centuries to come. Alabama's soldiers from the illustrious corps commander down to the unherald private have all made good ; her people at home have stood as a reserve force and imbibed fully the spirit of 22 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION those who were at the front. The State's record is clear, and we can, with confidence and with sincerity exclaim, I am proud that I am an American. I am proud that I am an Alabamian. The achievements of our heroes should be ever perpetuated in our minds and in the memories of those who come after us. There is no more suitable way of commemorating their deeds than by the erection, in public places, of enduring monuments. The capitol grounds are the most suitable location for such a tribute. It would lend a touch of beautiful sentiment to this act of remem- brance for it to be erected from popular offerings accepted from an admiring and devoted people. The Legislature, however, should father the movement by the creation of a commission to receive subscriptions and to take such other action as may be necessary for the consummation of the plan. The counties will then likely follow the example set by the State and erect monu- ments in the public places of their several localities. It is some- thing more than sentiment — it is an inspiration to have the acts of noble lives constantly before our view. Alabama's War Activities While the European war broke out about the first of August, 1914, and our own country did not become directly involved in this war until April, 1917, the nation really was, to a limited ex- tent, in a condition of warfare for nearly three years. For many years Mexico had been seriously involved with internal troubles. The country had been so completely depleted in resources of food and material opportunities, that property near the western bor- der became subject to the depredations of disorganized bands. Many lives had been lost and much property destroyed and taken away, in the frequent visitations of the lawless bands that infest- ed that section near our western border. For the protection of the border states against the designs of these bandits, the Na- tional Guard of Alabama was mobilized for duty at Montgomery on June 18, 1916. The Alabama Guard has been on constant duty since that time. From the day that it was brought together through the proclamation of the President, it had been kept in training at the mobilization camps, near the capitol of the State until the following October, when it was ordered to the western border. It remained on duty in Arizona and Texas until March, 1917, at which time it was entrained for its return to Alabama. A short while after the mobilization order for the National Guard in Montgomery was issued, an additional unit, a full regiment of cavalry, was organized and its services were tendered to the National Government. It was accepted and was duly mustered into service. After some months of training it was sent to Camp Houston on the Texas border. The National Guard of Alabama, CAMPAICN HAND BOOK 23 then in the service of the National Government, v^as composed of about 6,0C0 officers and men. On its return to Alabama and be- fore demobilization orders were put into effect, conditions with the German government had become serious. The break in diplo- matic relations was soon followed with a declaration by Congress, that a state of war existed. In consequence of the above, the State militia* has been continuously in service from June, 1916, until the present time. The Alabama National Guard was divided after recruiting and training for some months at Vandiver Park, which is now within the limits of Camp Sheridan. One regiment, the fourth, was placed in the Rainbow Division which was soon embarked for France and were among the first American troops to become engaged in actual warfare. The remainder of the Alabama brig- ade were transferred to Camp Wheeler. While stationed there the camp suffered from a severe epidemic of pneumonia. A similar scourge passed through the camp of the Alabama National Guard while on the western border. The disease in both instances was of a severe type and many lives were lost. Personal visits were made to both camps while the epidemic was at its worst, and assurance was given that Alabama soldiers were made of the right material and that when opportunity came for them to meas- ure swords with a visible foe, they would render a good account of themselves. This assurance has been vindicated to the utmost degree, not only as it relates to the National Guard, but to the personnel of the Alabama men in general who were a part of the National Army. The Selective Service Draft Act was passed by Congress and became a law on May 18, 1917. The registration boards were formed through orders issued by the Executive of the State and the first registration day was had on June 5, 1917. This em- braced all men of ages from 21 to 31 years, inclusive. After this, commenced the work of selecting those of the registrants who were physically fit and who could best be spared from their accus- tomed vocations, to serve their country in the military service. These were rapidly inducted into the training camps and when the supply from this registration approached exhaustion, under an amended act, those who had reached the age of 21 years since June 5, 1917, were called upon to register on June 5, 1918. The combined number of registrants under the calls were 200,775, of which 122,995 were whites and 77,780 were negroes. Under an amended act, those from 18 to 21, and from 31 to 46, were regis- tered on September 12, 1918. This registration was made up of 155,384 whites and 82,498 negroes. The total number of regis- trants in Alabama on the three registration days had, were 438,- 657, made up of 278,379 whites and 160,278 negroes. Of the above registrants 32,495 whites and 25,873 negroes were inducted 24 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMLSSION into the service. In addition to the above, there were already in the service as National Guardsmen and volunteers in the different branches of military service, 15,457, who were not required to register. The total number of Alabamians inducted into the National Army were 73,825, of whom 47,952 were white and 25,873 were negroes. This does not include the large number who volunteered their services and were accepted ihto the Navy and the Merchant Marine, as we have no record of those. For your information as to what the people of your State have been doing in the way of responding to the calls of the National Government in the payment of income taxes and the different activities pertaining to the war, there is given herewith the amounts that have been paid during 1918 for each particular ac- count. The amounts that they will be called upon to pay in taxes in 1919 will be more than double of that paid in 1918 on account of the increased rate. Less will be required of them, however, to meet the demands for bonds and other war work funds. Income and war taxes (paid by 18,400 individuals and corporations) $12,000,000 Red Cross (subscribed by 383,779 people) 1,401,009 United War Work Campaign 1,430,870 Library Fund 12,260 Knights of Columbus 45,360 Liberty Loan Bonds : April 6th to March (third) 21,428,950 September 28 to October 19 (fourth) 36,145,850 War Savings Stamps (to November 1st) 9,100,000 $81,564,299 Besides the above there were other large sums raised on be- half of the Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A., of which no informa- tion is at hand. RECORD OF ALABAMA IN THE EUROPEAN WAR By Gov. Thomas E. Kilby. (Extract from Mcssaif/c to the Legislature, January 21, 1919.) The prompt and efficient action of our Government, the ready and cheerful response of our men to the call to the colors, and the devotion and sacrifices of all the people of the nation have served to bring to a speedy and successful conclusion the ter- rible conflict that has been waged so long and so fiercely upon the CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 25 battlefields of Europe and the East. We may confidently look to our envoys and those of our allies to so contrive the settlement of affairs as to render it impossible that such another catastro- phe shall ever again occur. In fact, we may now indulge the hope that wars are at an end for all time. As American citizens we may take a just and pardonable pride in the efficiency and unusual achievements of those charged with the conduct of the war. Especially are we gratified to have demonstrated that the sons of free men, taken from civil life and trained but a few short months, can meet and overcome the sea- soned veterans of Autocracy upon fields of their own choice. The gallant conduct and indomitable spirit of America's fighting men, and the devoted and sacrificial support of them by practically the whole citizenship, has taught the world a lesson that it will not soon forget. Indeed, I doubt if ever again any nation will have the temerity to draw the United States into an armed con- flict. As Alabamians we are more than proud of the heroic deeds of our valiant sons and the prompt and liberal response of our people to all the demands made upon them. We congratulate with great satisfaction the fame of our boys on the fields of France and Belgium. It is indeed gratifying to know that in France Alabama is a dear and honored name because of the brave, chivalric conduct of our "Fighting Fourth" Regiment, and many other of our sons who have shared the dangers and endured the toil and hardships incident to warfare. They have written a burning page upon the annals of our State and nation and we should see to it that the record of their deeds be not lost or forgotten. That they may be perpetuated let us join with the other states and the nation in erecting memo- rials commensurate with the immeasurable sacrifices they made for Freedom, Justice and Right. Many of them will never return ; others will come to us, maimed and broken, for rehabili- tation. They have made, or have offered to make, the supreme sacrifice. It is meet, therefore, that we should properly com- memorate their deeds. ALABAMA'S WAR WORK By Dr. Hastings H. Hart. (Extract from Social Prohlenis of Alahama, 3918, pp. 16-21.) Alabama has met the demands of the great war with one hundred per cent efficiency. She has furnished men, white and black, to her full quota. She has gone over the top in every drive for the sale of Liberty Bonds and for the Red Cross, the Y. M. 26 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION C. A., the Knights of Columbus and the other national agencies. Her churches and her women have responded to every call for assistance in measures of the care and protection of the soldiers, by training camp activities, hostess houses, club houses, soldiers and officers and by extending to them the hospitality of their homes. They have promptly met the requests of the Govern- ment for food conservation, meatless and wheatless days and gasless Sundays. The Alabama State Council of Befense The State Council of Defense, although it has had no State appropriation because the Legislature did not meet, has secured funds from private sources and has co-operated fully with the National Council of Defense in the organization of the State, in educational propaganda and in the active promotion of the vari- ous drives and other movements for the winning of the war. Within a month after the United States entered the Euro- pean war. Governor Henderson, by executive proclamation created the Alabama Council of Defense. The first meeting of the Alabama Council was held June 1, 1917. Alabama claims credit for being the first State to co-ordi- nate all war work in the Council of Defense. Every head of a federal agency in the State has been made a member of the executive committee of the council, thus giving each department the privilege of knowing what other agencies are doing and pre- venting duplication of efforts. Alabama made this plan early in 1918, and since that time several other states have adopted it. This plan so impressed the Council of National Defense that it was sent to all state councils in the nation as a model method for the co-ordination of activities. Among the important duties assigned to the Alabama Council are the following : Approving or disapproving construction projects not neces- sary during the war. Keeping a complete history of Alabama's part in the war. Organizing Community Sings and Liberty Choruses. Maintaining^ an organization in every county which will be available for any government work on a moment's notice. Co-ordination of all war organizations in the State in order that duplication of effort might be prevented and a war machine might be ready at all times without a heavy expense to the nation. In addition, the State Council is charged with the duty of assisting every war organization in the State when it calls. Act- ing under this assignment, the Alabama Council of Defense made an appropriation for the teaching of illiterate selectmen during the summer of 1918, assisted the State Ifealth department in CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 27 combatting the spread of Spanish influenza, assisted every Lib- erty Loan Campaign, Red Cross drive, etc., with its State Speak- ers' Bureau, created a State Highways Transport Committee, which has been gathering information about Alabama roads available for motor transportation, lent its assistance to the selective service boards in preparing selectmen for military serv- ice and assisted selective service boards in the creation of perma- nent boards of instruction for selectmen. The Alabama Council of Defense did pioneer work in the detection of deserters, and its plan was so successful that the war department instructed all military camps throughout the nation to notify the state councils of persons absent without leave and in desertion. Representatives of all county councils of de- fense have been vigilant in investigating all reports transmitted to them by the War Department through the State Council and have succeeded in returning a large number to military camps. In order that every force in the State might be organized for war, the Alabama Council of Defense created an Advisory Com- mittee on Negro Organization. This committee was made up of some of the most favorably known negro men of the State, being headed by Dr. Robert R. Moton, president of Tuskegee Institute. County councils, following the plan of the State Council, created Advisory Committees on Negro Organization. Thus the State has a system whereby the negro power of the State is ready for any service. The advisory committees work under the State and county councils in a way that the directing heads of all council work of the State can know at any time what is being done by the negro committee. The Woman's Division of the Council of Defense At my request the following brief outline of the war work of the women of Alabama has been furnished by Mrs. J. F. Hooper, Chairman of the Woman's Division of the Council of Defense : A Woman's Division of the Council of Defense was formed by the national committee. The eighteen State organizations of women elected Mrs. J. F. Hooper chairman of the Alabama Division, thereby placing her upon the State Executive Board of the Council of Defense. This Division conducted the war work of the women, which was assembled under the departments recommended by the national committee. To expedite the work of organization the State was divided into zones, a member of the organization committee becoming chairman of a zone, responsible for the organization of seven counties entrusted to her supervision. Many counties had a unit of the council in every community and the cities were divided into ward and street units. Through this strong minutely organ- ized body all of the government measures were successfully 28 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION conducted. Sixteen thousand women registered for service and the system proved a practical economic factor in the industrial problems of the larger cities. Food conservation demonstrators visited every county and instructed the women in war substitutes, established Hoover kitchens and taught the art and duty of economy. Child conservation was undertaken under the program for "Children's Year," sent out by the National Children's Bureau; 15,000 children were weighed and measured ; free clinics and food depots were established ; conferences, illustrated lectures and courses of study were provided in every part of the State, and a national play-day is in preparation. The Public Information Committee was active in seven cam- paigns and 112 four-minute women have carried their messages to 600,000 people. The total results from the four Liberty Loan campaigns placed to the credit of the woman's committee a sale of $17,608,000. Home and foreign relief work was done, largely through the Red Cross ; but over and above the magnificent service rendered through that channel, the women of Alabama have supported 726 French orphans and endowed 13 beds in the American Hos- pital in France. The Music Committee has stirred the patriotism of the people by liberty choruses and by providing weekly entertainments for the camps in Alabama. With two camps in the State the inter- est of the Division centered largely in camp activities, and flow- ers, dainties and automobile rides for convalescents were a daily service by the relief and motor divisions. Pianos, victrolas, roll- ing chairs, magazines, everything that could make for the com- fort of the soldier lad were freely and gratefully bestowed. This work could not be estimated in dollars and cents, although thou- sands of dollars were expended, for it dealt with the work of the spirit and the preservation of the morale of the men in the army. The Committee on Conservation of the Spiritual Life of the Nation instituted a special prayer service for the safety, both physical and moral, of the boys over there and for the strength- ening of faith in the watchers at home. The Americanization Committee brought many able national speakers to Alabama to spread abroad the great national ideals and to impress upon the people their personal responsibility for upholding them. The conclusion of the whole matter is : believing that, other things being equal, the nation would win whose women showed intelligence and efficiency as well as patriotism and devotion, the women of Alabama had as their goal efficient, loyal, unbounded service, and they feel that they helped, in some measure, to speed the day of victory. CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 29 State War Historian The privilege of making up the record of the participation of Alabama and Alabamians in the European war has been com- mitted to Dr. Thomas M. Owen as State War Historian of the Alabama Council of Defense. On inquiry I find that Dr. Owen as Director of the Alabama State Department of Archives and History has been carefully and painstakingly collecting all avail- able data, not only bearing upon the general struggle, but also in reference to Alabama activities and Alabama men. Therefore his new duties will be merely an enlargement of title. He plans a full and exhaustive collection of European war books, military and technical books, histories and historical sketches of all fed- eral, military, welfare and commercial activities operating in the State, and the personal records of all officers and enlisted men in the military or naval service of the United States from Alabama. ALABAMA'S RECORD IN THE SELECTIVE DRAFT Compiled by L. E. LaMont, U. S. Draft Executive of Alabama. COUNTIES S5-2 'c'o'5 Autauga Baldwin . Barbour . Bibb Blount .... Bullock . Butler Calhoun . Chambers Cherokee Chilton . Choctaw . Clarke .... Clay Cleburne Coffee Colbert .... Conecuh . Coosa Covington Crenshaw Cullman . Ill 131 196 155 60 70 200 520 148 84 129 57 94 88; 33 237 162 272 51 253 118 112 fa O CCQ "S >> >, T3 T3 0)— ij ^W § . o o c - 03 ^■a ^ h-5 00 ' w Set- hi I 5 i S o coo 5 => go 188 318 617 318 200 649 289 302 787i 379 246 780' 447 46 553 138 358 5661 332 394 9261 752 415 1,687! 450 485 1,0831 454 57 595! 458 114 701' 288 295 640 : 410 480 9841 519 85 6921 296 44 373^ 451 179 867! 435 332 929! 352 321 945! 249 138 4381 713 352 1,318! 403 243 7641 776 42 930' 1,4671 1,7151 2,224! 2,2361 2,178i 1,4901 2,3321 4,4281 3,454; 1,6491 1,8251 1,6831 2,378' 1,999' 1,144! 2,5261 2,208! 2,027! 1,184! 3,363! 2,0201 2,771| 1,473 1,972 2,737 2,464 2,567 1,846 2,790 5,202 3,515 2,063 2,219 2,012 2,867 2,388 1,284 2,677 4,403 2,198 1,421 3,424 2,217 3,465 2,940 3,687 4,961 4,700 4,745 3,336 5,122 9,630 6,969 3,712 4,044 3,695 5,245 4,387 2,428 5,203 6,611 4,225 2,605 6,787 4,237 6.236 30 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION COUNTIES .2 3 3 JX •^ '^ " .2 lO ,^"00 2« 3 «-"■ j=tf ar fe: T3 ►-» ^ 00 ^ -73 ^■'3 J ^ i»i- ) O ?i g Dale Dallas DeKalb Elmore Escambia Etowah Fayette Franklin Geneva ;. Greene Hale Henry Houston Jackson Jefferson Division No. 1 Division No. 2 Division No. 3 Lamar ,... Lauderdale Lawrence Lee Limestone Lowndes Macon _ Madison Marengo Marion Marshall Mobile Co. Monroe Montgomery Co. Morgan Perry Pickens Pike : Eandolph Russell Shelby St. Clair Sumter Talladega Tallapoosa Tuscaloosa Walker Washington Wilcox Winston 192 273 120 195 363 451 57 100 244 31 94 91 358 173 ^415 338 154 196 48 191 83 174 140 71 48 303 118 83 221 305 96 130 208 92 133 210 107 82 171 157 77 253 105 281 280 78 98 59 338 233 774 362 306 910 414 491 495 54 183 311 572 879 5601 3381 4091 4211 605! 3241 3651 618' nil 95i 8511 2491 588! 8021 4331 2921 1031 7201 176! 3371 339' 4431 1291 4221 4571 150! 477! 4991 726! 9421 2251 191! 2521 104 601 44 321 270 364 78 77 136 200 297 244 340 112 1,536 345 514 141 207 195 467 437 405 412 591 559 41 64 583 398 468 303 246 290 364 176 363 178 175 313 391 431 450 381 193 503 21 634 1,107 938 878 939 1,725 549 668 875 285 574 646 1,270 1,164 *415 2,434 837 1,119 610 1,003 602 1,006 1,195 587 555 1,745 926 712 1,087 1,321 786 701 1,231 514 760 913 726 574 771 789 540 1,121 1,035 1,457 1,603 496 792 • 332 1,890 3,323 2,836 2,389 2,065 4,925 1,545 2,013 2,333 987 1,600 1,761 2,917 2,921 7,473 2,846 3,978 1,600 3,154 2,073 2,531 2,912 1,569 1.577 4,678 2,462 1,882 2,774 3,151 2,362 2,104 3,535 1,590 2,267 2,741 2,332 1,867 2,243 2,164 8,848 3,235 2,403 5,065 4,681 1,200 1,867 1,184 2,117 4,790 3,442 3,596 2,334 4,176 1,810 2,068 2,777 1,433! 1,9381 1,9371 3,3361 3,5251 6,369! 3,521! 4.255! 1,8791 3,927! 2,3411 2,7561 3,003! 1,9831 1,9331 4,9371 3,1111 2,083i 3,3571 4,9721 2.8061 2,6981 4,2421 2,1031 2,504! 2,8661 2,5781 2,041' 2,6731 2,3881 2,3761 3.6931 2,6101 5,575! 5,9091 1,4041 2,5511 1,511| 4,007 8,113 6,278 5,985 4,399 9,101 3,355 4,081 5,110 2,420 3,538 3,698 6,253 6,446 13,842 6,367 8,2.33 3,479 7,081 4,414 5,287 5,915 S,552 3,510 9,615 5,573 3,965 6,131 8,123 5,168 4.802 7,777 3,693 4,771 5.607 4,910 3.908 4.916 4,552 4,224 6,928 5.013 10,640 10,590 2,604 4,418 2.695 CAMPAIGN HAND 1!0UK 31 COUNTIES m C o .2 3 3 iju C O « * >■ >> :sh O O C r- :« 3 Hois- c2 3 . ^-> 00 t- be C3 a A^ li'bc • Jv_G c 00 fi .9 So ill Montgomery City| 590 Mobile City | *387 Division No. l.J 121 Division No. 2... 116 Birmingham Cityi *1,140 Division No. 1... 331 Division No. 2... 222 Division No. 3..J 365 Division No. 4... 207 Division No. 5... 289 Division No. 6...| 161 1 Totals 1 15,457 5111 653 370 377 1 195 640 468 628 I 363 380 1 496 818 i 276 600 484 742 ! 249 261 1,754 *387 868 951 *1,140 1,427 965 1,679 1,083 1,515 671 4,204 5,578l 9,782 2,137 2,338 4,167i 3,0701 6,304 5,408 4,0081 3,057| 5,086i 3,1261 4,4891 2,1761 9,9471 4,163 i 6,044! 3,049! 4,510! 2,916! 8,955 7,220 11,130 6,175 8,999 5,092 32,4801 25,8741 73,811| 201,7751 237,8821 439,657 *Voluntary enlistments before Draft. The total number of men who entered the militai'y service in the State of Alabama is 46.4 per cent of the total white and colored registrants of June 5, 1917, June 5, 1918, and August 24, 1918. The total number of men who entered the military service, exclusive of the Navy and Marine Corps and deserters, is 73,811, as shown on this list. Volunteers in Service In the foregoing table no account is taken of National Guard commands or other volunteers. Therefore, it is estimated that ten per cent at least should be added to the figures for every county, to reach the approximate grand total actually in the service. t Patriotic and Memorial Selections The memory of the dead will be kept greener if their memorial renders continuous service to the living. —Henry B. Jackson, U. S. Bureau of Education Circular No. 2, Jan., 1919. The memory of a great past is the inspiration of a great present, and the country wliich honors its great men kas the prospect of producing more in the future. The gratitude of free people will uudouhtedly lead them to erect some kind of memorials to the heroic men who in this war sacrificed their lives that liberty might live. Only an enduring memorial can express our gratitude for the boys who made the supreme sacrifice. They gave their to-dav for our to-morrow. —Thid. Its bronze tablet should contain, not only the names of the boys whose bodies lie under little white crosses in France, but the names of all the boys who fought in behalf of this idea. They were potential martyrs, and were willing to die with their comrades. Moreover, by the side of the names of the boys who made the supreme sacrifice should be placed the names of their mothers. The mothers of these martyrs have rendered a conspicuous service to the cause for which their heroes fell. They furnished the heroes. In their loss they have already suffered more than the boys, and will bear an additional burden of loneliness and hardship down the long trail of the future. While we remember the heroic boys it is unfair to forget their, equally heroic mothers. —Tbid. CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 35 ALABAMA By Miss Julia S. Tutwiler. Alabama, Alabama, We will aye be true to thee, From thy Southern shore where groweth, By the sea, thine orange tree. To thy Northern vale where floweth. Deep and blue thy Tennessee, Alabama, Alabama, We will aye be true to thee ! Brave and pure thy men and women, Better this than corn and wine. Make us worthy, God in heaven. Of this goodly land of thine ; Hearts as open as our doorways, Liberal lands and spirits free, Alabama, Alabama, We will aye be true to thee ! Little, little, can I give thee, Alabama, mother of mine; But that little — hand, brain, spirit. All I have and am are thine. Take, O take the gift and giver. Take and serve thyself with me, Alabama, Alabama, I will aye be true to thee ! A LAND WITHOUT RUINS By Father Abram J. Ryan. **A land without ruins is a land without memories — a land without memories is a land without history, A land that wears a laurel crown may be fair to see ; but twine a few sad cypress leaves around the brow of any land, and be that land barren, beautiless and bleak, it becomes lovely in its consecrated coronet of sorrow% and it wins the sympathy of the heart and of history. Crowns of roses fade — crowns of thorns endure. Calvaries and crucifixions take deepest hold of humanity — the triumphs of 36 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMLSSION might are transient — they pass and are forgotten — the suffer- ings of right are graven deepest on the chronicle of nations." Yes, give me the land where the ruins are spread, And the living tread light on the hearts of the dead; Yes, give me a land that is blest by the dust. And bright w^ith the deeds of the down-trodden just. Yes, give me the land where the battle's red blast Has flashed to the future the fame of the past; Yes, give me the land that hath legends and lays That tell of the memories of long vanished days ; Yes, give me a land that hath story and song ! Enshrine the strife of the right with the wrong! Yes, give me a land with a grave in each spot, And names in the graves that shall not be forgot ; Yes, give me the land of the wreck and the tomb ; There is grandeur in graves — there is glory in gloom; For out of the gloom future brightness is born, As after the night comes the sunrise of morn ; And the graves of the dead with the grass overgrown May yet form the footstool of liberty's throne. And each single wreck in the war path of might Shall yet be a rock in the temple of right. A SONG FOR HEROES By Edwin Markham. I. A song for the heroes who saw the sign And took their place in the battle-line ; They were walls of granite and gates of brass ; And they cried out to God, "They shall not pass !" And they hurled them back in a storm of cheers, And the sound will echo on over the years. And a song for the end, for the glorious end. And the soldiers marching up over the bend Of the broken roads in gallant France, The homing heroes who took the chance, Who looked on life, and with even breath Faced the winds from the gulfs of death. Their hearts are running on over the graves — Over the battle-wrecks — over the waves — Over the scarred fields — over the foam — On to America — on to home ! CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 37 11. And a song for the others, the heroes slain In Argonne Forest — in St. Gobain — In the flowery meadows of Picardy — In Belgium— in Italy, From brave Montello to the sea. A song for the heroes gone on ahead To join the hosts of the marching dead — A song for the souls that could lightly fling Sweet life away as a little thing For the sake of the mighty need of earth, The need of the ages coming to birth. All praise for the daring God who gave Heroic souls that could dare the grave. Praise for the power He laid on youth To challenge disaster and die for truth. What greater gift can the High God give, Than the power to die that the truth may live ! Glory to the Lord, the Hero of Heaven, He whose wounds in His side are seven — Glory that He gathers the heroes home. Out of the red fields, out of the foam — Gathers them out of the Everywhere, Into the Camp that is Over There ! YOUR LAD, AND MY LAD By Randall Parrish. Down toward the deep-blue water, marching to throb of drum, From city street and country lane the lines of khaki come ; The rumbling guns, the sturdy tread, are full of grim appeal. While rays of western sunshine flash back from burnished steel. With eager eyes and cheeks aflame the serried ranks advance; And your dear lad, and my dear lad, are on their way to France. A sob clings choking in the throat, as file on file sweep by. Between those cheering multitudes, to where the great ships lie ; The batteries halt, the columns wheel, to clear-toned bugle-call. With shoulders squared and faces front they stand a khaki wall. Tears shine on every watcher's cheek, love speaks in every glance ; For your dear lad, and my dear lad, are on their way to France. 38 ALABAMA MIOMOUIAI. TOMMISSION Before them, through a mist of years, in soldier buff or blue, Brave comrades from a thousand fields watch now in review ; The same old Flag, the same old Faith — the Freedom of the World- Spells Duty in those flapping folds above long ranks unfurled. Strong are the hearts which bear along Dermocracy's advance, As your dear lad, and my dear lad, go on their way to France. The word rings out ; a million feet tramp forward on the road, Along that path of sacrifice o'er which their fathers strode. With eager eyes and cheeks aflame, with cheers on smiling lips, These fighting men of '17 move onward to their ships. Nor even love may hold them back, or halt that stern advance,. As your dear lad, and my dear lad, go on their way to France. THE SERVICE FLAG By William Herschell. Dear little flag in the window there, Hung with a tear and a woman's prayer; Child of Old Glory, born with a star — Oh, what a wonderful flag you are. Blue is your star in its field of white, Dipped in the red that was born of fight; Born of the blood that our forebears shed To raise your mother. The Flag o'erhead. And now you've come, in this frenzied day. To speak from a window — to speak and say : "I am the voice of a soldier-son Gone to be gone till the victory's won. "I am the flag of The Service, sir, The flag of his mother — I speak for her Who stands by my window, waits and fears, But hides from the others her unwept tears. "I am the flag of the wives who wait For the safe return of a martial mate, A mate gone forth where the war god thrives To save from sacrifice other men's wives. CAMPAIGN HAND BOOK 39 *'I am the flag of the sweethearts true ; The often unthought of — the sisters, too. I am the flag of a mother's son, And won't come down till the victory's won." Dear little flag in the window there. Hung with a tear and a woman's prayer ; Child of Old Glory, born with a star— Oh, what a wonderful flag you are. IN FLANDERS' FIELDS By LiEUT.-CoL. John D. McCrae. In Flanders' fields the poppies grow Between the crosses, row on row. That mark our place, and in the sky The larks still bravely singing fly. Scarce heard amid the guns below. We are the dead ; short days ago We lived, felt dawn, saw sunsets glow, Loved and were loved, and now we lie In Flanders' fields. Take up our quarrel with the foe ! To you from falling hands we throw The torch ; be yours to hold it high. If ye break faith with us who die We shall not sleep, though poppies blow In Flanders' fields. REST IN PEACE By James N. Gunnels. Sleep on, ye Brave, In Flanders' fields. The torch that dropped from falling hands Is blazing high o'er war-free lands. And happy larks now singing fly O'er cross-marked graves of ye who lie In Flanders' fields. 40 ALABAMA MEMORIAL COMMISSION We kept the faith. In Flanders' fields Where poppies bloom the graves among. For countless years that yet may come Shall Freedom still her vigil keep O'er noble sons in peaceful sleep, In Flanders' fields. Rest on, ye, then. In Flanders' fields. No more the sound of bursting shell, No murderous gas, no seething hell ; Yet, 'tis not death ; what seems to be Is dawn of immortality. In Flanders' fields. IN FLANDERS' FIELDS: AN ANSWER By C. B. Galbreath. In Flanders' field the cannons boom. And fitful flashes light the gloom, While up above, like eagles, fly The fierce destroyers of the sky ; With stains the earth wherein you lie Is redder than the poppy bloom In Flanders' fields. Sleep on, ye brave. The shrieking shell. The quaking trench, the startled yell, The fury of the battle hell Shall wage you not, for all is well. Sleep peacefully, for all is well. Your flaming torch aloft we bear, With burning heart an oath we swear. To keep the faith, to fight it through To crush the foe, or sleep with you In Flanders' fields. i'^RAft r OF STRESS 020 J3]' 525 6