i Qass. Book- COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT ! ^ I Classic Unterlincar ZLranelatlons Idvid's metamorphoses The original text reduced to the natural English order ..WITH A LITERAL, Interlinear Translation Copyright, 1895, by Arthur Hinds & ' PUBLISHED BY -^ / f ' ^ CUXJ Arthur Hinds and Company 4 COOPER INSTiT JTE, NEW YORK CITY 1 PREFACE In preparing the Classic Series of Interlinear Transla- tions the publishers have insisted upon a faithful adher- ence to two obvious essentials ; the reduction of the original text to the natural order, and, as far as possible, a strictly literal version. In all cases, however, where the meaning as thus literally rendered is not sufficiently intelligible, explanatory words or phrases have been added. It is hoped that the plan will be appreciated of insert- ing all explanatory words and phrases, by means of brackets, in immediate conjunction with the text, thus obviating the annoyance and the serious loss of time that attend frequent reference to notes by numbered paragraphs in an appendix. The superiority is re^.dily apparent of the interlinear over other translations, not only in the saving of time,but also for all purpo.es of careful study ; making possible as well as convenient and easy, a correct solution of idioms, a quick insight into the sense, a facile and lucid re-arrangement of the context in the English order, and a practical comparison of both the similarities and the contrasts of construction. OTID'S METAMORPHOSES. r BOOK I. Animus fert dicere formas mutatas in My mind leads (me) to speak of forms changed into .lova corpora. Dii, aspirate raeis coeptis new bodies, Gods, breathe {favor aUy) on my undertakings (*nam mutastis vos, et illas); que {for you have changed yourselves, and them) ; and deducite perpetuum carmen ab prima origine bringdown a continuous poem from the first origin mundi ad mea tempora. Ante mare et terras, of the world to my times. Before the sea and lands, et caelum, quod tegit omnia, erat unus and heaven, which covers all things, there was one vultus naturae in toto orbe, quem countenance of nature in the whole globe, which dixere Chaos ; rudis que indigesta moles, nee they called chaos; a rude and confused mass, nor quicquam nisi iners pondus, que {was there) anything except a sluggish weight, and discordia semina rerum non bene junctarum discordant seeds of things not well harmonizing, congesta eodem. 10 Nullus Titan heaped together in the same {place). No Titan (sun) * Or, (nam vos et mutastis illas). {Jot you also have changed them). (1) 2 METAMORPHOSES — I. adliuc praebebat lumina mundo, nee Phoebe as yet afforded light to the world, nor did Phoebe (the reparabat coniua nova crescendo, nee moon) recover her horns anew hy increasing^ nor did tellus pendebat in circumfuso aere, librata the earth hang in the surrounding air, poised suis ponderibns : nee Amphitrite porrexerat by her own weight : nor had Amphitrite (the sea) reached bracchia longo inargine terrarum. Que {her) arms in the long margin of the lands. And ut et tellus erat illic et pontiis et aer, sic though also land was there and sea and air, yet tellus erat instabilis, unda innabilis, aer the earth was unstable, the wave nnnavigable, the air egens lucis ; sua forma manebat null! : in need of light ; its oicn form remained to nothing ; que aliud obstabat aliis, quia in uno corpore, and one thing obstructed others, because, in one body, frigida pugnabant calidis, humentia siccis, 20 moUia cold contended with hot, moist with dry, soft cum duris, habentia pondus with hard {things), things having weight {with things) sine pondere. without iceight. Deus et melior natura diremit banc litem. Nam God and beneficent nature ended this strife. For abscidit terras caelo et undas he cut off the lands from heaven and the leaves terris, et secrevit liquidum caelum ab from thelands, and separated the liquid heaven from spisso aere. Postquam evolvit quae que the thick air. After he ui folded these {elements,) and exerait caeco acervo, ligavit took them out from the confused heap, he bound dissociata locis concord! pace. the disunited {elements) in their places in concordant peace* THE CREATION. 6 Ignea vis convex! et sine pondere caeli The fiery force of the convex and ethereal heaven, emicuit, que legit locum sibi in summa sprang forth and chose a place for itself in the highest arce. Aer est proximus illi levitate que citadel. The air is next to that in lightness and loco ; tellus densior his, que position; the earth (ir as) more dense than these ^ and traxit grandia elementa, 30 et pressa est attracted the heavy atoms, and was pressed by gravitate sua : circumfluus humor possedit its own weight : the encircling moisture possessed ultima, que coercuit solidum orbem. the last {places), and constrained the solid globe. Ubi, quisquis deorum ille fuit, secuit When, whosoever of the gods he was, he divided congeriem sic depositam, que redegit sectam in the mass thus disposed, and reduced (it) cut into membra, principio glomeravit terram in members, in the beginning he rounded the earth into speciem magni orbis, ne foret the appearance of a great globe, lest it might be non aequalis ab omni parte. Turn diifudit freta, unequal on any side. Then he poured out gulfs, que jussit tumescere rapidis ventis, et and commanded {them) to swell by rapid winds, and circumdare litora ambitae terrae. to surround the shores of the encompassed earth. Addidit et fontes, et immensa stagna que He added also fountains, and immense ponds and lacus; que cinxit declivia flumina obliquis lakes ; and bounded the down-flowing rivers icith sloping ripis ; 40 quae diversa locis sorbentur banks; which, differentiji {different) places, are absorbed partim ab ipsa ; partim perveniunt in partly by herself (the earth); partly they arrive at 4 METAMORPHOSES — I. mare, que recepta carapo liberioris aquae, the sea, and being i^eceived in a plain of freer water, pulsant Htora pro ripis. Jussit they beat the shores instead of banks. He commanded et campos extendi, valles subsidere, silvas also plains to be extended, valleys to sink, woods tegi fronde, lapidosos monies surgere. to be covered with foliage, stony mountains to rise. Que ut duae zonae secant caelum dextra, que And as two zones cut the heavens on the right, and totidem sinistra parte, quinta est ardentior as many on the left side, the fifth is hotter than illis : sic cura dei distinxit inclusum those: so the care of the god distinguished the inclosed onus eodem numero, que mass (of the earth) with the same number, and totidem plagae premuntur tellure. Quae as many regions are impressed on the earth. The one which est media quarum est non habitabilis aestu ; is the middle one of these is not habitable from heat : 50 alta nix tegit duas : locavit totidem inter deep snoiD covers two: he placed as many between utramque, que dedit temperiem, flamma mixta each pair, and gave a temperate climate, heat mixed cum frigore. Aer imminet his, qui est with cold. The air hangs over these, which is tanto onerosior igni, quanto pondus aquae as much more iceighty than fire, as the weight of water est levins pondere terrae. Jussit et is lighter than the iceight of earth. He commanded also nebulas consisteie illic, nubes illic, et the mists to stand together there, the clouds there, and tonitrua motura humanas mentes, et ventos facientes thunders to alarm human minds, and winds making frigora cum ful minibus. Fabricator mundi cold as well as the lightnings. The Creator of the world THE CREATIOX. quoqiie permisit non aera habendum passim also permitted not the air to he possessed e^eryichere his. Vix nunc obsistitur illis, 60 quin hy these. Hardly now they are prevented from lanient mundum : tanta est discordia tearing asunder the warld : so great is the discord fratrum, cum regnant quisque of the brothers, although they rule every one sua flamina diverse tractu. Eurus hris own blasts in a different region. The east icind recessit ad Auroram que Xabathaea regna, que receded to Aurora and the y^ahathoean kingdoms, and Persida et j^iga subdita matutinis radiis : Persia and mountain-tops exposed to early sunbeams: Vesper et litora quae tepescunt occiduo the ecening and shores which grow warm with the setting sole sunt proxima Zephyro : horrifer Boreas invasit sun are nearest to Zephyrus : dreadful Boreas seized Scythiam que Septemtrionem : contraria tellus madescit Scythia and the Xorth : the opposite land grows moist assiduis nubibus que ab pluvio Austro. with continual clouds and from the rainy south wind. Super haec imjx)suit liquidum aethera, et carentem Above these he placed the liquid sky, which both lacks gravitate nee habentem quicquam terrenae faecis. weight and has no element of earthly dreg. Vix dissaepserat ita omnia certis Scarcely had he fixed thus all things in certain limitibus, 70 cum sidera, quae ])ressa diu latuere limits, when the stars, which being pressed long lay hid sub massa ipsa, coeperunt effervescere under the mass itself (of chaos), began to glow out toto caelo. Xeu ulla regio foret orba in the whole heaven. Lest any region might be bereft of suis animalibus, astra que formae deorum its own animals, the stars and the forms of the gods 6 METAMORPHOSES — x. tenent caeleste solum, undae cesserunt liabltandae hold the heavenly region, the waves fell to he inhabited nitidis piscibus : terra cepit feras ; by the smooth fishes : the earth took the wild beasts ; agitabilis aer volucres. Deerat adhuc the yielding air the birds. There was yet wanting animal sanctius his que capacius an animal more holy than these, and more capable altae mentis, et quod posset dominari in of lofty mind, and which might be able to rule over cetera. Homo natus est. Sive ille opifex rerum, the rest. Man was born. Either that artist of things, origo melioris mundi, fecit hunc divino t7ie origin of a better world, made him from divine semine, 80 sive tellus, recens que nuper seducta ab seed, or the earth, fresh and lately separated from alto aethere, retinebat semina cognati caeli. the lofty sky, retained the seeds of the related heaven. Quam mixtam fluvialibus undis, satus Japeto This {earth) mingled with river water, the son of Japetus finxit in effigiem deorum moderantum cuncta. formed into the image of the gods governing all things. Que cum cetera animal ia prona spectent And although all other animals bent down look on terram, dedit sublime os homini ; que the earth, he gave an upright countenance toman; and jussit tueri caelum, et tollere commanded him to behold the heavens, and to lift up vultus erectos ad sidera. Sic tellus quae his face erect to the stars. Thus the earth, which modo fuerat rudis et sine imagine, conversa, lately had been rough and without form, being changed, induit ignotas figuras hominum. put on the strange shapes of men, Aurea aetas sata est prima, quae, The golden age was produced first, which, {there THE FOUR AGES. 7 niillo vindice, 90 colebat fidem que leing) no avenger^ cultivated faith and rectum sua sponte, siue lege. Poena right, by its own will, without law. Punishment que metus aberant, nee and fear were distant (unknown), nor minacia verba legebantur aere fixo, were threatening tcords read in brass fixed up (to nec supplex turba timebant view on tablets), nor did a suppliant crowd fear ora sui judicis ; sed erant tuti sine the faces of their judge ; but they were safe icithout vindice. Pinus nondura, caesa suis an avenger. The pine not yet, cut in its native montibus, descenderat, in liquidas undas, mountains, had descended into the flowing warns, ut viseret peregrinum orbem, que mortales that it might msit a foreign globe, and mortals norant nulla litora, praeter sua. Nondum kneic no shores, except their oicn. Not yet praecipites fossae eingebant oppida. did steep trenches surround towns. {There teas) Non tuba di recti, non cornua no trumpet of straight (brass), no horns (bugles) flexi aeris, erant non galeae, non ensis : of bent brass, there ic ere no helmets, and no sword: lOOgentes securae peragebant mollia otia sine nations safe lived in tranquillity without usu militis. Tellus ipsa quoque, immunis the use of a soldier. The earth herself also, free que intacta rastro, nec suacia ullis and untouched by the harroio nor wounded (torn) by any vomeribus, dabat omnia per se ; que content! ploughshares, produced all things by herself; and content cibis creatis nullo cogente, legebant arbuteos with foods created under no compulsion, men gathered arbutus 8 M ET AMORPHOS ES — 1. fetus, fruit et and que and and cornel-berries, duris rubetis, et Jiard hushes, and arbore tree montaua fraga, que corna, mountain strawberries, mora haerentia in mulberries clinging to glandes, quae deciderant acorns, which had fallen from Jovis. Ver erat aeternum of Jupiter. Spring was eternal ; mulcebant tepentibus auris flores natos with warm breezes the flowers sprung Mox etiam tellus inarata Soon also the earth unploughed 110 ager and the field gravidis aristis. Jam with heavy stalks {of corn). Now flumina nectaris ibant ; que flava mella stillabant de rivers of nectar flowed ; and yellow honey distilled from viridi ilice. Postquam Saturnc misso in tenebrosa the green holm oak. After Saturn was sent into the gloomy Tartara, mundus erat sub Jove, argentea proles Tartarus, and the icorld teas under Jupiter, the silver age subiit, deterior anro, entered, worse than gold (the golden age), fulvo aere. Jupiter contraxit tempora than yellow brass. Jupiter shortened the time soothed semine. seed. fruges ; fruits ; nee without patula the spreading que placidi Zephyri and gentle Zephyrs sine without ferebat bore renovatus canebat being reneioed grew white flumina lactis, jam riverz of milk, now pretiosior more valuable antiqui of the ancient que and spatiis, periods, per by ver is, spring hiemes, que icinters, and exegit divided annum tJie year aestus, et summers, and primum first breve ver. Tum s?iort spring. Then siceis fervoribus 120 canduit, et with dry heat gloivs, and adstricta ventis pependit. Tum bound by the icinds hung. Then autumnos, et autumns, and ustus burnt quattuor in four inequales unequal aer the air glacies the ice primum subiere first men entered THE FOUR AGES. 9 domus. Domus faerimt antra, et densi frutices, houses. The houses were caverns, and thick fruit trees, et virgae vinctae cortice. Turn primiim semina and rods hound with bark. Then first seeds Cerealia obriita sunt longis sulcis; que juvenci of Geres were buried in long furrows ; and bullocks pressi j^igo gerauere. Enea proles tertia pressed by the yoke groaned. The brazen age, the third, successit post illas, saevior ingeniis et promptior succeeded those, fiercer in disposition and readier ad horrida arma; nee tamen scelerata. Ultima for dreadful arms ; not however wicked. , The last est de duro ferro. Protinus omne nefas pejoris is of hard iron. Immediately all wickedness of worse venae irrumpit in aevum, piidor, que 25 nVi (quality) breaks into the age ; modesty, and verum, que fides fugere : 130 in locum quorum que truth, and faith fled : in place of which both fraudes, que doli, que insidiae, et vis, et frauds, and deceits, and snares, and violence, and sceleratus amor habendi subiere. Navita dabat vela the wicked love of gain succeeded. The sailor gave ventis, nee noverat illos bene adhuc : que to the winds, nor did he know them well as yet : and carinae quae steterant diu in altis montibus, keels (ships) which had stood long on lofty mountains, insultavere ignotis fluctibus : que cautus bounded over the unknown waves : and the cautious mensor signavit humum longo limite, measurer marked the ground with a long boundary, prius communem ceu lumina solis et hitherto common {to all) as the light of the sun and auras. Nee dives humus poscebatur the breezes. Nor was the rich ground required {to tantum segetes que debita alimenta ; sed furnish) only crops and due nourishments; but 10 METAMORPHOSES — I. itum est in viscera terrae : que men 'penetrated into the bowels of the earth : and opes, irritamenta maloriim quas recondiderat riches, the incentives to vice which {riches) she had hidden que admoverat Stygiis umbris, eflPodiuntur. 140 Que and had removed to Stygian shades, are dug out. And jam nocens ferrum que aurum nocentius already destructive iron, and gold, more injurious than ferro prodierat : l)ellum prodit, quod pugnat iron, had come forth : war arises, which fights utroque ; que concutit crepitantia arma sanguinea with each ; and shakes together rattling arms with bloody manu. Vivitur ex rapto : hospes non hand. Men live from plunder, the guest (is) not tutus ab hospite ; non socer a 8^f^ from his host ; nor the father-in-law from genero : gratia fratrum quoque est rara* the son-in-law : harmony of brothers also is rare. Vir imminet exitio conjugis, A man (husband) threatens the destruction of his wife, ilia mariti ; terribiles novercae miscent lurida she of her husband ; dreadful step-mothers mingle dark aconita ; filius inquirit in patrios annos ante poisons ; a son inquires into his father's years before diem. Pietasjacet victa : et virgo (his) day. Piety lies conquered : and the virgin Astraea, 150 ultima caelestum, reliquit terras Astrcea (justice), last of the deities, left the earth madentes caede. dripping with slaughter. Neve arduus aether foret securior Lest the lofty sky might be more secure than the terris, ferunt gigantas affectasse caeleste lands, they say that the giants aimed at the celestial regnum, que struxisse montes congestos ad alta kingdom, and erected mountains piled up to the lofty THE FOUR AGES. 11 sidera. Turn omnipotens pater perfregit stars. Then the almighty father hroke through Olympum niisso fiilmine et excussit Ossam Olympus after hurling the holt, and shook off Ossa Pelio siibjecto. Cum dira corpora from Pelion placed under (it). When the dreadful bodies jacerent obruta sua mole, ferunt lay overwhelmed by their own mass, they say that terram, perfiisam multo sanguine uatorum, the earth, drenched with much blood of her sons, immaduisse que animasse calidum cruorem : et ne nulla grew moist and animated the hot gore : and lest no monumenta ferae stirpis manerent, 160 vertisse monuments of the savage stock should remain, turned it in faciem hominum ; sed ilia propago et into the appearance of men ; but that offspring also fuit contemptrix superum, que avidissima saevae despised the gods, and was most greedy for cruel caedis, et violenta : scires slaughter, and violent : you might know that they were natos e sanguine. born from blood. Ut Saturnius pater vidit quae When the Saturnian father saio these things summa arce, ingemit ; et from the highest citadel {of heaven), he groans ; and referens foeda con vi via Lycaoniae mensae recalling the abominable banquets of the table of Lycaon nondum vulgata, facto recenti, concipit not yet published, the deed (being) recent, he conceives ingentes iras animo, et dignas great anger in his mind, and such as is worthy Jove ; que vocat concilium : nulla mora tenuit of Jupiter,; and calls a council : no delay detained vocatos. Est sublimis via manifesta those who were called. There is a lofty way clear 1 2 METAMORPHOSES — I. sereno caelo, habet nomen Lactea, in the serene sky; it has the name Milky ( Way)^ notabilis candore ipso. 170 Hac iter remarkable by its whiteness. By this (way) a passage est superis ad tecta raagni Touantis is to the gods to the mansions of the great Thunderer que regalem domum. Atria nobilium deoruru a7id the royal house. The halls of the superior gods celebrantur^ valvis apertis are frequented, the folding -doors being opened dextra que laeva. Plebs habitant on the right hand and the left. The lower gods dwell diversa locis : potentes que clari caelicolae in different places : the powerful and illustrious deities posuere suos penates a fronte. placed their Jiousehold gods (dwellings) on the front. Hie est locus, quern baud timeam dixisse This is the place, which I may not fear to call palatia magni caeli, si audacia detur the palace of the great heaven, if boldness may be given verbis. Ergo, ubi superi sedere to words. Therefore, when the gods sat down marmoreo recessu, ipse celsior loco, in the marble recess, (Jove) himself higher in place, que innixus eburno sceptro, concussit que ter que and leaning on his ivory sceptre, shook thrice and quater terrificam caesariem capitis, 180 cum qua four times the dreadful hair of his head, with ichich movit terram, mare, sidera. Inde he shook the earth, the sea, and the stars. Then he solvit indignantia ora talibus modis: ^^Ego fui opened his indignant mouth in such manner: "/ was non magis anxius pro regno not more anxious for the kingdom (government) mundi ilia tempestate, quaquisque anguipedum of the world in that season^ when each of the snake-footed THE FOUR AGES. 13 parabat injicere centum bracchia captivo (giants) prepared to cast his hundred arms on the captive caelo. Nam^ qiiamquam hostis erat ferus, tamen heaven. For, although the enemy was fierce, however illiid bellum pendebat ab iino corpore et ex una that war depended on a single class from one origine. Nunc, mortale genus perdendum milii origin. Now the mortal race is to be destroyed by me qua Nereus circumtonat orbera. wherever Nereus (the Ocean) thunders round the globe. Juro per flumina infera labentia sub I swear by the rivers of the lower regions gliding under terras Stygio luco, 190 cuncta temtata the earth to the Stygian grove, all tilings have been tried prius; sed immedicabile vulnus recidendum before; but an incurable wound is to be cut away ense, ne sincera pars trahatur. by the sword, lest the sound part may be infected. Semidei sunt mihi, rustica The demigods are for me (are my subjects), tlie rural numina, nymphae, que fauni que satyri, et deities, the nymphs, and the fauns and the satyrs, and monticolae sylvani sunt. Quoniam the mountain dwellers, the sylvans, are {mine). Since dignamur quos nondum honore caeli, we deign to give these not yet the honor of heaven, sinamus certe habitare terras let us permit them certainly to inhabit the land (earth) quas dediraus. An creditis O superi illos which we have given. Do you believe, gods, they fore satis tutos, cum Lycaon notus will be sufficiently safe, when Lycaon, remarkable feritate struxerit insidias raihi, qui que for his savageness, has laid snares for me, who both habeoquerego fulmen, qui vos?'^ hold and rule the lightning, w/io (hold and rule) you^** 2 1 4 METAMORPHOSES — I, Omnes contremuere ; que ardentibus studiis deposcunt All shuddered ; and with ardent zeal they demand ausiim talia. 200 Sic, cum impia the man who dared such things. Thus, when an impious raanus saevit extinguere Romanum nomen sanguine band raged to extinguish the Roman name by the blood CaesareOj humanum genus attonitum est subito of Cmsar, the human race was astonished by sudden terrore tantae ruinae, que totus orbis terror of so great a ruin, and the whole globe perhorruit. Nee fuit pietas tuorum, August e, trembled. Nor was the devotion of your friends, Augustus, minus grata tibi, quam ilia Jovi. less pleasing to you than that was to Jupiter. Qui postquam compressit murmura voce que After he checked their murmurs by his voice and manu, cuncti tenuere silentia. Ut clamor substitit, handy all kept silence. When the noise ceased, pressus gravitate regentis, Jupiter rumpit checked by the seriousness of the ruler, Jupiter breaks iterum silentia hoc sermone : '' Ille quidem solvit again the silence with these words : ''He indeed has paid poenas, dimittite banc curam ; 210 tamen docebo the penalty, dismiss this care; however, I will tell you quod admissum, quae sit vindicta. Infamia what has been committed, what is the retribution. The infamy temporis contigerat nostras aures; cupiens quam of the time had reached my ears ; desiring this falsam, delabor summo Olympo, et deus to be false, I descend from the top of Olympus, and as a god sub humana imagine, lustro terras. under a human image, I review the lands (earth). Mora est longa enumerare The delay is long (it would cause long delay) to recount quantum noxae repertum sit ubique : infamia how much guilt was found everywhere: the evil report THE FOUR AGES. 15 ipsa fuit minor vero. Transieram Maenala, itself was less than the truth. I had crossed Maenalus, horrenda latebris ferarum et dreadful on account of the dens of wild beasts and pineta gelidi Lycaei cum Cyliene. Hinc the pine groves of the cold Lycaeum with Cyliene. Hence ingredior sedes et inhospita tecta I enter the house and the inhospitable dwelling Arcadis tyrannic cum sera crepiiscula of the Arcadian tyrant, when the late twilight traherent noctem. 220 Dedi signa deum was bringing on the night. I gave signs that a god venisse ; que vulgus coeperat precari. had come; and the common people began to pray. Lycaon primoirridet pia vota : ait, ^Experiar Lycaon at first mocks their pious vows: he says, 'I will find out raox, aperto discrimine, hie sit deus an presently, with open trial, (whether) this be a god or mortalis ; nee verum erit dubitabile.' Parat a mortal ; nor shall the truth be doubtful.' He prepares perdere me noete gravem somno, nee opina to destroy me at night {while) heavy with sleep, by an unexpected morte : haec experientia veri placet lUi. death : this proof of the truth pleases him. Nee contentus eo, resolvit mucrone jugulum And not content with that, he opens with a blade the throat unius obsidis missi de Molossa gente : atque of a hostage sent from the Molossian tribe : and ita partim mollit semineces artus ferventibus thus partly softens (boils) the half -dead limbs with boiling aquis, partim torruit igna subjecto. water, partly roasted {them on) fire placed beneath. 230Simul imposuit quos mensis, ego vindice As soon as he placed these on the tables, I with avenging flamma everti tecta in Penates, flame overturned the house upon the household gods, 16 METAMORPHOSES — I. territiis affrighted nactus having gained que conatur and endeavors rabiem fury nunc quoque sanguine, now also in blood. fugit, que fled, and ruris exululat, places of the country he howls, loqui : to speak OS Ids mouth colHgit collects vestigia the traces canities the hoariness dignos domino. Ipse worthy (their) master. Himself silentia the silent frustra vainly ab ipso^ que vertitur in from himself and is turned on cupidine solitae caedis ; et from a desire of accustomed slaughter : and Vestes abeunt His clothes change lacerti in crura; fit lupus, et his arms into legs ; he becomes a wolf, and veteris formae : of his old shape : violentia vultu the violence in his countenance lucent; imago feritatis shine ; the image of savageness 240 " Una domus occidit ; sed non una fuit digna ''One house fell; but not one alone was worthy perire; Erinys regnat qua terra to perish; the Fury reigns wherever the earth Putes jurasse You might suppose that they conspired ocius dent speedily should suffer meruere pati, sic sententia stat." deserved to suffer, thus my determination stands.'' Pars probant dicta Jovis voce Pai't approve the words of Jupiter by voice (speech) que adjiciunt stimulos frementi : alii implent partes and add incentives to his rage : others fill {their) parts est is idem eadem ; the same ; the same eadem.^' is the same." pecudes the cattle gaudet he rejoices in villos, into hair, servat preserves eadem, the same, oculi patet. lies open. in facinus to crime : omnes all poenas, the penalties, quas which they have assensibus. by assents. Tamen However jactura the loss humani generis est of the human race is THE FLOOD. 17 dolori omnibus ; et rogant quae forma sit futura a grief to all ; and they ask what form will be terrae orbae mortalibus? quis sit laturus the earth's her eft of mortals? who will carry thura in aras? ne paret tradere frankincense to the altars? whether he prepare to deliver terras populandas feris? 250 Rex the lands to he ravaged hy wild beasts ? The king superum vetat quaerentes trepidare, enim of the gods forbids {them) inquiring to fear , for cetera fore sibi curae ; que promittit subolem the rest will be his care ; and he promises an offspring dissimilem priori populo mira origine. Que unlike the former people of wonderful origin. And jam erat sparsurus fulmina in totas now he was about to scatter (his) lightnings on the ichole terras ; sed timuit ne forte sacer aether land: but he feared lest hy chance the sacred sky conciperet flammas ab tot ignibus, que longus might catch the flames from so many fires, and the vast axis ardesceret. Reminiscitur quoque esse in fatis universe might burn. He remembers (it) also is fated tempus aflFore quo mare, quo that the time would come in which the sea, in which telluSj que regia caeli, correpta, the earth, and the palace of heaven, seized (by flames), ardeat; et operosa moles mundi shall burn ; and the labored mass of the world laboret. Tela fabricata manibus Cyclopum may be in trouble. Darts wrought by the hands of the Cyclops reponuntur. 260 Diversa poena placet : are laid aside. A different punishment pleases (him): perdere raortale genus sub undis, et to destroy the mortal race under the waves, and dimittere nimbos ex omni caelo. Protinus to send tempests from all the heaven. Immediately 1 8 METAMORPHOSES — I. claudit aquilonem in JEoliis antris, et he shuts up the north wind in ^olian caves, and quaecimque flamina fugaut inductas nubes; que whatever blasts diHce away collected clouds; and emittit Notum : Notiis evolat he sends forth the south wind : the south icind flies out madidis alis, terribilem viiltum tectns with wet icings, his dreadful countenance covered picea caligine. Barba gravis nimbis : with pitchy darkness. His heard was heavy with tempests; unda fluit canis capillis ; nebulae sedent water flows from his hoary locks ; mists gather fronte ; que pennae que sinus on his forehead ; both Jiis feathers and bosom rorant. Que ut pressit pendentia nubila drip with dew. And as he squeezes the hanging clouds lata manu, fragor fit : hinc densi nimbi with broad hand, a crash arises : hence dense tempests funduntur ab aethere. 270 Iris nuntia are poured from the sky. Iris (the ramhov^^), messenger Junonis induta varies colores, concipit aquas que of Juno, clad in various colors, collects the waters and affert alimenta nubibus. Segetes brings nourishments to the clouds. The standing crops sternuntur, et deplorata vota are prostrated, and the lamented expectations coloni jacent, que irritus labor of the husbandman lie loic, and the useless labor longi anni perit. Nee ira Jovis of the long year perishes. Nor (was) the wrath of Jupiter eontenta suo caelo ; sed caeruleus content with his own heaven ; but (his) azure frater juvat auxiliaribus undis. Hie br ot Iter (Hi^e^itune) assists (him) icith helping waves. He convocat amnes ; postquam qui intra vere tecta calls together the rivers ; after they entered the home THE FLOOD. 19 sui tyranni, ait, '' Longo hortamine non est of their ruler, he says, ' 'A long exhortation is not nunc utendum ; effimdite vestras vires ; sic now to be used ; pour out your strength ; so it is opus : aperite domos, ac mole necessary : open your houses : and after the barrier remota, 280 immittite totas habenas vestris is removed, give loose reins to your fluminibus.'' Jusserat : hi redeunt, ac relaxant floods/' He ordered : they return, and unloose ora fontibus; et volvuntur the mouths of the fountains ; and they are rolled defrenato cursu in aequora. Ipse percussit with unbridled course into the seas. He himself struck terram suo tridente; at ilia treniuit, que the earth with his trident ; and it trembled, and motu pate fecit sinus aquarum. Flumina by the motion opened out its bosoms of waters. The floods expatiata ruunt per apertos campos, que breaking out rush through the open plains, and rapiunt arbusta, simul cum satis, que tear away the shrubs, together with the crops, and pecudes que viros, que tecta, que the cattle, and the men, and the houses, and penetralia cum suis sacris. Si qua domus the shrines with their sacred {contents). If any house mansit, que indejecta potuit resistere remained, and not thrown down was able to withstand tanto malo, tamen unda altior tegit culmeH so great a ruin, yet a wave more lofty covers the top hujus, 290 que pressae turres labant sub of this, and overwhelmed the towers totter under gurgite. Que jam mare et tellus habebant nullum the flood. And now the sea and earth had no discrimen. Omnia erant pontus ; que litora distinction. All things were sea ; and shores 20 METAMORPHOSES — I. deerant huic ponto. Hic occupat collem; were icanting to tJiis sea. This one gains a Mil ; alter sedet adunca cymba, et diicit remos illic, another sits in a curved boat, and plies oars there, ubi nuper ararat. Ule navigat supra where lately he had ploughed. One man sails above segetes, aut culmina mersae villae; hic the crops, or the tops of a drowned villa ; this man deprendit piscem in sunama ulmo, Ancora catches a fish on the top of an elm. An anchor figitur in viridi prato, si foi-s tulit; aut is fastened in a green meadow, if chance directed ; or curvae carinae terunt vineta subjecta. the crooked keels *rub the vineyards lying beneath them. Et qua modo graciles capellae carpsere gramen, And where lately slender she-goats cropped the grass, 300 ibi deformes phocae ponunt nunc sua corpora. there shapeless sea-calves rest now their bodies. Nereides mirantur lucos, que urbes, que domos The Nereids admire the groves, and cities, and houses sub aqua ; que delphines tenent silvas, et under water; and dolphins hold the woods and incursant altis ramis, que pulsant agitata gambol among the lofty brandies, and beat the shaken robora. Lupus nat inter oves ; unda oaks. The wolf swims among the sheep ; the wave vehit fulvos leones; unda vehit carries away the yellow lions ; the loave carries away tigres: nee vires fulminis prosunt the tigers : neither the forces of liis lightning profit apro, nee velocia crura cervo ablato. the wild boar, nor his swift legs {profit) the stag borne away. Que vaga volucris^ diu quaesitis terris, ubi And the stray bird, having long sought earth, tchere detur sistere, decidit in mare lassatis it may be able to alight, falls into the sea with wearied DEUCALION AND PYRRHA. 21 alis. Immensa Hcentia ponti obruerat wings. The unbounded lawlessness of the deep had overwhelmed tumulos, 310 que novi fluctus pulsabant montana the hills, and strange waves lashed the mountain cacumina. Maxima pars rapitur unda : tops. The greatest part is carried off by the water : longajejunia inopi victu domant illos quibus unda long fastings with poor food subdued those whom the wave pepercit. spared. Phoeis, ferax terra, dum fuit terra, separat Phocis, a fertile land, while it was land, separates Aonios ab Actaeis arvis ; sed in illo tempore the Aonian from the Act aean lands; but in that time latus campus subitarum a broad plain of sudden ibi duobus verticibus, there with two peaks, pars {it was) part mans, et and aquarum waters. of the sea, Arduus mons A lofty mountain nomme by name nubes the clouds aequor the ocean Parnassus, Parnassus, superat surmounts cacumine. with its top. consorte petit astra, que seeks the stars, and Ubi Deucalion, vectus parva When Deucalion, borne in a small rate cum consorte tori, adhaesit hie (nam bark with the consort of his bed, rested here {for texerat cetera), adorant 320 Corycidas Jiad covered the rest), they adore the Cory dan nymphas et numina montis, que fatidicam nymphs and the dieties of the mountain, and fate-declaring Themin, quae tunc tenebat oracla. Non then gave oracular responses. Not vir fuit melior illo, nee amantior man was better {than) he, nor a greater lover aut ulla metuentior deorum or any woman who more feared the gods Ut Jupiter videt orbem stagnare Wlien Jupiter sees the globe overflowing Themis, who quisquam any aequi, of justice, ilia. {than) she. 22 METAMORPHOSES — I. liqiiidis palndibus, et unum saperesse de with liquid lakes, and one man remaining of tot rnilibus modo, et videt iinarn so many thousands lately, and sees one woman superesse de tot rnilibus modo ; ambos rernainijig of so many thousands lately; both innocuos ambos cultores nu minis, disjecit innocent, both worshippers of the deity, he dispersed nubila, que nimbis remotis aquilone, the clouds, and the tempests being removed by the north wind, ostendit et terras caelo et aethera he discloses both the lands to heaven and the sky terris. 330 Nee ira maris manet; to the lands. Nor does the anger of the sea remain ; que rector pelagi, tricuspide telo posito, and the ruler of the sea, having laid aside his trident, mulcet aquas ; que vocat caeruleum Tritona sooths the waters ; and calls the azure Triton exstantem siipra profundum, atque tectum humeros standing out above the deep, and covered on the shoulders innato murice;que jubet iuspirare with the natural purple ; and he orders (him) to blow upon souaci eonchae ; que jam dato signo the sounding shell; and now, having given a signal, revocare fluctus et flumina. Cava tortilis to call back the waves and the rivers. The hollow spiral bucina sumitur illi, quae crescit in latum trumpet is taken by him, which increases in breadth ab imo turbine : bucina, quae, ut from the lowest twist : {that) trumpet, which, when concepit aera medio ponto, replet it has received air in the midst of the deep, fills voce litora jacentia sub utroque Plioebo. Turn with its sound the shores lying under each sun. Then quoque, ut contigit ora dei rorantio also, as it touched the mouth of the god dripping with his DEUCALION AND PYEBHA, 23 madida barba, 340 et inflata cecinit jussos receptiis, wet heard, and heing blown sounded the hidden retreat, audita est omnibus undis telluris et it was heard hy all the waters of the land and aequoris : et quibus uudis audita est, of the ocean : and hy whatever waves it was heard, coercuit omnes. Jam mare habet litus; it constrained all. Already the sea has a shore ; alveus capit plenos amnes ; flumina their channels contain the full rivers; the floods subsidunt; colles videntur exire. Humus surgit; sink; the hills are seen to come out. The ground rises; loca crescunt, undis decrescentibus. Que post the places increase, the leaves decrease. And after longara diem silvae ostendunt nudata cacumina ; que a long time the woods show their hared tops ; and tenent limum relictum in fronde. Orbis retain the mud left on the foliage. The glohe redditus erat. Postquam Deucalion vidit quern inanem had heen restored. After Deucalion saw it empty et desolatas terras agere alta silentia, 350 affatur and the desolate lands keeping deep silence^ he addressed Pyrrliam ita, lacrimis obortis : " O soror^ O conjunx, Pyrrha thus, with rising tears: "0 sister, wife, O sola femina superstes, quam commune genus et only woman survivor, whom a common origin and patruelis origo, deinde torus junxit mihi, a kindred descent, then the marriage bed united to me, nunc pericula ipsa jungunt ; nos duo sumus now dangers themselves unite (US'); we two are turba terrarum quascunque occasus et ortiis the inhabitants of the earth, whatever the west and east vident ; pontus possedit cetera. Nunc quoque adhuc see; the deep has possessed the rest. Now also as yet est non satis certa fiducia nostrae vitae ; etiam nunc there is no certain assurance of our life; even now 24 METAMORPHOSES — I. nubila terrent mentem. Quid animi foret the clouds affright my mind. What courage would he nunc tibi, miseranda, si erepta fuisses now yours, {0) tuiJiappy woman^ if you had been rescued fatis sine me? Quo modo hy the fates icithout me? In what manner {would you) sola posses ferre timorem? 360 Quo consolante alone he able to hear your fear f Who would console you doleres? Namque ego, crede rnilii, conjunx, si modo as you grieved ? For /, believe me, my wife, if only pontus haberet te, sequerer te ; et pontus the sea held you, I should follow you; and the sea haberet me quoque. O utinam possem reparare should have me also. that I might he able to renew populos artibus paternis, atque infundere animas the people by the art of our ancestor, and to infuse souls formatae terrae ! Nunc mortale genus restat into the moulded earth ! Now the mortal race remains in nobis duobus ; sic visum superis, que in us two; thus it has seemed fit to the gods, and manemus exempla hominum/^ Dixerat, et flebant. we remain as specimens of men.'' He spoke, and they id ept. Placuit precari caeleste numen ; et quaerere It pleased them to pray to the heavenly deity ; and to seek sacras sortes. Est nulla the sacred oracles. There is no Cephisidas undas pariter, 370 ut delay ; they go to the Gephisian waves together ^ though nondum liquidas, sic secantes vada jam nota. not yet clear, yet cutting their channel now well known. irroravere liquores libatos they sprinkled the water poured et capiti, flectunt vestigia and heads, they bend their footsteps sanctae deae ; fastigia of the holy goddess ; the pinnacles auxilium per aid through mora ; adeunt Inde, ubi Then, when vestibus on their garments ad delubra to the shrines quorum of which DEUCALION AND PYRRHA. 25 pallebant turpi musco ; que arae stabant were foul with filthy moss; and the altars stood sine ignibus. Ut tetigere gradus without fires. When they touched the steps terapH, uterque procurabit pronus humi, of the temple, each lies down hent on the ground^ que pavens dedit oscula gelido saxo : atque and trembling imprinted kisses on the cold rock : and ita, "Si numina, victa justis (they spoke) thus, ''If the deities, overcome hy just precibus remoUescunt, si ira deorum prayers, relent, if the anger of the gods flectitur, die, Themi, qua arte damnum nostri is hent, say, Themis, by what art the loss of our generis sit reparabile ; 380 et mitissima, fer opem race is reparable ; and mildest one, bring help mersis rebus." Dea mota est ; que to our ruined fortunes.'' The goddess was moved ; and dedit sortem : "Discedite templo, et gave an oracle : ''Depart from the temple, and velate caput, que resolvite cinctas vestes, cover your head, and unloose your girded garments, que jactate ossa magnae parentis post and cast the bones of your great parent behind your tergum.'' Diu obstupuere; que Pyrrha prior back.'' They were long amazed; and Pyrrha first rumpit silentia voce, que recusant parere broke the silence with her voice, and refuses to obey jussis deae; que rogat pavido the commands of the goddess ; and begs with trembling ore det veniam sibi : que pavet lips that she may grant pardon to her : and she dreads laedere maternas umbras jactatis ossibus. to injure her mother s shades by casting her bones. Interea repetunt secum obscura verba sortis Meantime they reconsider the ambiguous words of the oracle 26 METAMORPHOSES — I. datae caecis latebris, que volutant inter given with dark obscurity, and ponder them between se. 390 Unde Promethides mulcet Epimethida themselves. Then Promethides (DeViQ^Mon) sooths Epimethis placidis dictis ; et ait, '' Ant nobis (Pyrrlia) with gentle words ; and says, ''Either my solertia est fallax, aut oracula sunt pia, que discernment is at fault, or the oracles are pious, and suadent nullum nefas. Magna parens est terra : persuade to no impiety. The great parent is the earth : reor lapides in corpore terrae dici I imagine the stones in the body of the earth are called ossa; juberaur jaoere hos post terga.'' bones; we are commanded to throw these behind our backs.'' quaraquam Titania mota est augurio Although Titania (Pj^rrha) was moved by the interpretation conjugis, tamen spes est in dubio ; adeo of her husband, yet her hope is in doubt; so much ambo diffidunt caelestibus monitis : sed quid both distrust the heavenly admonitions : but what nocebit tentare? Descendunt, que velant caput, will it hurt to try? They come down, and cover their heads, que recingunt tunicas, et mittunt lapides jussos and ungird their tunics, and throw stories as ordered post sua vestigia. 400 Saxa coepere ponere behind their footsteps. The stones began to lay aside duritiem que suum rigorem ; quis credat their hardness and their rigidity ; who would believe hoc, nisa vetustas sit pro teste? que molliri this, unless antiquity is the witness f and to be softened mora, que molitta ducere formam. Mox in time, and being softened to assume a form. Soon ubi creverunt, que mitior natura contigit illis, ichen they increased, and a milder nature came to them, ut quaedani forma hominis potest videri, sic so that a certain form of man can be seen, though PYTHON. 27 non manifesta ; seel lUi de marmore coepto, not manifest ; hut as from marble begun (tobefashton€d)y non satis exaeta que simillima rudibus (a shape) not sufficiently exact and very like rough signis. Tamen pars ex illis quae fiiit hiimida statues. However the part of them which icas moist aliquo succo et terrena versa est in usiim with some juice and earthy was adapted to the use corporis: quod est solidum, que nequit fleoti, of the body : what is solid, and cannot be bent, nuitatur in ossa: 410 quod modo fuit vena mansit is changed into bones : what lately was a vein remained sub eodein nomine. Que in brevi spatio, munere under the same name. And in a short time, by the gift superorum, saxa niissa manibus viri of the gods, the stones thrown by the hands of the man traxere virilem facieni ; et femina reparata est de assumed a manly face; and woman was renewed from jactu femineo. Jnde sumus durum genus que the cast of the woman. Thence tee are a hardy race and experiens laborum ; et damns doeumenta qua able to endure labor; and we give proofs from what origine nati simus. origin we have been born. Tellus peperit cetera animalia sua sponte The earth produced the other animals of its own accord diversis formis ; postquam vetus humor with different forms; afterwards the old moisture l^ercaluit ab igne solis : que caenum icas warmed thoroughly by the heat of the sun : and tM mud que udae paludes intumuere aestu : que fecunda and moist marshes swelled from the heat : and the fruitful semina rerum nutrita 420 vivaci solo, ceu in seeds of things nourished infertile soil, as in alvo matris, creverunt, que cepere aliquam faciem the womb of a mother, increased and took some shape 28 METAMORPHOSES — I. morando. Sic ubi septemfluus Nilus deseruit in time. So tohen the seven-cha?ineled Nile abandoned madidos agros, et reddidit sua flumina antique the wet lands, and restored its floods to the ancient alveo, que recens liinus exarsit sethereo sidere : channel, and the fresh mud glowed by the ethereal sun : cultores, versis glebis, inveniunt plurima the husbandmen, turning the clods, find many animab*a;et vident in his quaedam modo coepta animals ; and see among these some lately begun sub spatium ipsum nascendi ; quaedam imperfecta near the time itself of formation ; some imperfect que trunca suis numeris ; and unformed in their numbers (in the number of their et in eodem corpore saepe altera pars limbs) ; and in the same body often one part \W\iy altera pars est rudis tell us. 430 Quippe lives, the other part is misshapen earth. Because ubi que humor que calor sumpsere temperiem when both the moisture and heat receive heat concipiunt ; et cuncta oriuntur ab his duobus. they conceive ;. and all things arise from these two. Que cum ignis sit pugnax aquae, humidus And although fire is inimical to water, a moist vapor creat omnes res, et discors concordia vapor creates all things, and a discordant harmony est apta fetibus. Ergo ubi tell us is suited for production. Therefore when the earth lutulenta recenti diluvio recanduit aethereis muddy from the fresh deluge grew warm again by the ethereal solibus, que alto aestu, edidit innumeras rays, and great heat, it brought forth innumerable species; que partim rettulit antiquas figuras, species {of things) ; and partly restored ancient shapes, partim creavit nova monstra. Ilia quidem partly created new inonsters. It (the earth) indeed DAPHNE. 29 nollet, sed genuit te quoque turn, might not have been icilling, but it produced you also then, maxime Python, que incognita serpens eras greatest Python, and an unknown serpent you were terror novis populis ; 440 tenebas tantum spatii a terror to the new people ; you occupied, so much space de monte. Arcitenens dens, et nnnquam ante of a mountain. The how-holding god, never before usus tali bus armis, nisi in damis, que fugacibus hating used such arms, unless on deer, and fleet capreis, roebucks. p^rdidit destroyed, pharetra his quiver bunc him gravem weighted pene (being) almost per through nigra the black opens, of the work. posset might be able saeros sacred delere to blot out ludos games tebs, darts, effuso poured out vetustas length of time institnit he instituted certamine, diotos Pytbia contest, called Pythian {games) domitae serpentis. Quicunqne of the conquered serpent. Whosoever vicerat bis conquered in these rota, capiebat bonorem in chariot racing, took the reward 450 Laurns erat nondum mille icith a thousand exbausta, exhausted.; vnlnera. wounds. yeneno poison jS^eve And lest fa mam tJie fame celebri witJi an illustrious de nomine from the name manu, in boxing, ve or tempora, his teniples, arbore. tree. Primus The first 3 The laurel was deoentia adorned not yet ; Ion go with long jnvennm of the young men pedibus, ve in running, or aesculeae frondis. of the beech leaf. que Pboebns cingebat and Ph rebus bound criue, de quab'bet hair, from any amor lovG Pboebi of Ph(i:bus Peupia was Feneicm Daphne, Daphne, 30 METAMORPHOSES — I. quem ignara fors dedit non, sed saeva which (love) blind chance gave not, but the cruel ira Cupidinis. Delias, superbus serpente wrath of Cupid. Delian (Apollo), proud of the serpent nuper victa, viderat hiiiic flectentem cornua lately conquered, had seen him bending his bow nervo addiicto ; que dixerat, "Quid with the string drawn; and he said, ''What (business) tibi, lascive puer, cum fortibus armis? ista have you, wanton boy, with brave arms f those gestaraina decent nostros humeros, qui possumus dare badges become my shoulders, who am able to give certa vulnera ferae, dare hosti, sure wounds to a wild beast, and to give (them) to an enemy , qui modo 460 stravinms innuiueris sagittis who lately have prostrated with numberless arrows tumidum Pytliona prementem tot jugera the swollen Python covering so many acres pestifero ventre. Esto tu contentus irritare tua with poisonous body. Be content to provoke with your face nescio quos amores ; nee assere nostras torch I know not what loves; but do not claim my laudes.'^ Filius Veneris ait huic; " Tnus praise.'' The son of Venus replied to him: ''Tour arcus figat omnia Phoebe ; mens arcus bow may pierce all things, Phoebus ; my bow te ; que quanto cuncta animal ia cedunt tibi, (can pierce) you ; and as all animals yield to you, tanto tua gloria est minor nostra/^ Dixit, so much your glory is less (than) mine.'' He said et eliso aere percussis pennis, (this), and cleaving the air beating with (his) wings, impiger constitit umbrosa arce Parnassi ; que active he stood on the shady top of Parnassus ; and prompsit duo tela e sagittifera pharetm. drew out two darts from his arrow-bearing quiver. DAPHNE. 31 facit amorem. causes love. et and Hoc fugat, illud One banishes, the other facit est auratum causes (it) is gilded, cnspide : quod fiigat point: (that) which banishes (it) plumbum sub arundiue. Deus under the shaft. nympha Peneide the nymph Peneis : Apollineas illo Apollo with the former Protinus alter amat Immediately the one loves : the other avoids amantis, gandens latebris silv^arum of a lover, rejoicing in the dens of the wood lead in in 470 Quod ( That) which fulget acuta glitters with sharp est obtusum et habet is blunt and has fixit hoc The god fastened this (the latter) at laesit medullas but he wounded the frame of per trajecta through the pierced : altera fugit ossa. bones. exuviis the spoils mnuptae of the unmarried captivarum ferarum^ of captive beasts, Phoebes. Diana. que and positos sine placed without petentes que her suitors and, lege. care. nomen the name que and aemula emulous Vitta coercebat capillos, A fillet bound her locks, Multi petiere illam ; ilia aversata Many sought her; she hated expers viri, lustrat avia unacquainted with man, surveys the pathless nemorum^ 480 nee curat quid Hymen, (places) of the woods, nor cares conubia sint. wedlock may be. debes generum you owe a son-in-law dixit, ''Nata, said, ''Daughter, Ilia exosa jugales She, hating the marriage sufFunditur verecundo quid Amor, quid what love, what dixit. said, Pater Her father nepotes grandchildren velut '' Filia, Daughter, saepe often mihi." to me.'' crimen, as if a crime, is suffused with bashful what marriage, Pater saepe Her father ofte n mihi.^^ to me." debes you owe taedas, torches, rubore blushes 32 METAMORPHOSES — I. pulchra ora, que haerens cervice over her beautiful features, and clinging to the neck patris in blandis lacertis, dixit, '' Carissime of her father in his kind arms, said, ''Dearest genitor, da mihi frui perpetua virginitate : pater father, let me enjoy perpetual virginity : her father dedit hoc ante Dianae/' Ille quidem obsequitiir : granted this before to Diana.'' He indeed complies ; sed iste decor vetat te esse quod optas; but that elegance forbids you to be what you wish; que tua forma rep ugnat tuo voto. 490 Phoebus amat and your beauty opposes your icish. Phoebus loves que cupit conubia Daphnes visae : and desires marriage with Daphne seen (by him) : que sperat, quae cupit; que sua oracula and he hopes, what he desires ; and 7iis own oracles fallunt ilhim. Que ut leves stipulae adolentur, deceive him. And as light stubble is consumed, aristis demptis : ut saepes ardent when the stalks are taken away ; as hedges burn facibis, quas viator vel forte admovit by torches, ichich a traveller either by chance lias brought niniis, vel reh'quit jam sub luce; sic too near, or has left now at daybreak ; so deus abiit in flammas, sic uritur toto t?ie god has burst into flames, so he is consumed in Jiis whole pectore, et nutrit sterilem amorem sperando. breast, and nourishes his fruitless love by hoping. Spectat inornatos capillos pendere collo : He beholds your unadorned locks hanging on your neck : et ait, '^ Quod, si comantur?'^ Videt oculos and says, ''What, if they are arranged ? " He sees your eyes micantes igne, similes sideribus. Videt oscula, quae sparkling icith fire, like stars. He sees your lips, ichich est non satis vidisse. 500 Laudat que digitos, it is not enough to have seen. He praises both your fingers. DAPHNE. 33 que maniis, que bracchia, et lacertos niidos and hands, and arms, and shoulders naked plus media parte. Si qua latent, putat from beyond the middle. If anything lies hidden, he thinks raellora. Ilia fugit ocior levi aura, neque it better. She flees swifter than the light breeze, nor resistit ad haec verba revocantis: "Peneia stops at these words as he calls after her : " Feneian Nympha, mane, precor ! Insequor non hostis: Nymphy stay, I pray ! 1 pursue not {as) an enemy : Nympha, mane ! Sic agna lupum;sic cerva Nymph, stay ! Thus the lamb C flees) the wolf ; so the hind leonem ; sic columbae fugiunt aquilam trepidante the lion ; thus doves fly the eagle with trembling penna ; quaeque saos hostes. Amor est mihi causa icing ; everyone her own enemies. Lo'ce is my reason sequendi. Misemm me ! ne cadas prona, ve for following. Wretched me ! should you fall headlong, or sentes secent crura indigna laedi, et the thorns cut your legs vndeserving to be hurt, and sim causa doloris tibi ! 510 Looa, qua properas, I be the cause of pain to you! The places, where you hasten, sunt aspera, Oro, curre moderatius, que inhibe are rough. I pray, run more moderately, and check fugam : ipse insequar moderatius. Tamen your flight: I myself will pursue more moderately. However, inquire cui placeas. T£^ sum non incola inquire of whom you please. I am fwt an inhabitant raontis, non pastor: observo non horridus of a mountain, not a shepherd : I watch not in rude guise armenta ve greges hie. Temeraria, nescis herds or flocks here Rash {girl), you know not quem fugias ; que ideo fugis. Delphioa tellus, whom you flee; and therefore you flee. The Delphic land, et Claros, et Tenedos, que regia Patarea servit and Claros, and Tenedos, and royal Patarea obeys 84 METAMORPHOSES — 1. mihi, me. erit, will he. Jupiter Jupiter que and est is fuit. genitor. my father. que est J and is, Per Through patet : lies open : me me que both per through quod what me me quod amor because love has been, carmina concordant nervis. Quidem nostra est certa ; poems suit the strings. Indeed my arrow is sure ; tamen una sagitta 520 certior^ quae fecit vulnera however one arrow (is) surer, which has made wounds in vacuo pectore. Medicina est meum inventum^ que in my empty breast. Medicine is my invention, and dicor opifer per orbem, et potentia 1 am called helper throughout the globe, and the power herbarum subjecta nobis. Ei mihi, of herbs (is) subjected to me. Woe to me, est medicabilis nullis herbis ; nee artes^ is curable by no herb ; nor (do those) arts, Peneia The Peneian fugit locuturum plura, (nymph) fled from (him) as he was about to speak more, timido cursu-; que reliquit verba imperfecta cum with timid steps ; and left the words unfinished with Tum quoque visa decens. Venti Then also she seemed lovely. The winds corpora, que flamina obvia vibrabant quae prosunt omnibus^ prosunt domino ! " which profit all, profit their lord ! ' ' ipso. himself. nudabant exposed (her) limbs, vestes adversas her garments impexos her uncombed in front ; capillos ; and et and breezes meeting her fiuttered levis aura dabat retro the light breeze threw back que forma aucta est . 530 locks ; fuga. Sed by fiight. But ultra perdere blanditias ; que ut amor ipse mo vebat, longer to waste (his) fiatteries ; and as love itself moved, enim however and her beauty was increased sustinet endures juvenis deus the youthful god non no sequitur he follows vestigia her footsteps admisso with hastening passu. pace. Ut As cum when DAPHXE, 36 Grallicus canis vidit leporem in vacuo a Gallic dog (a greyhonnd) has seen a hare in the open arvo, et' hie petit praedani pedibus, ille land, and he seeks his prey ly running, the (Jiare) saliitem : alter similis inhaesuro, (^seeks) safety : the one (w) like (as if just) about to fasten on que jamjam sperat tenere, et stringit (the hare) y and just now hi hopes to catch it, and plies vestigia extento rostro : alter est in his footsteps with extended nose : the other is in ambiguo an sit deprensus, et eripitur doubt whether he be seized, and is snatched morsibus ipsis, que relinquit ora tangentia : from h is zery ra outh, a n d le a ic e s th e ja ws to u c h in g (him) : sic est deus et virgo ; hie celer sj>e, so (it) is (with) the god and the virgin; he swift ttith hope, ilia timore. 540 Tamen qui insequitur, she with fear. However (he) who pursues, adjutus ])ennis amoris est ocior, que aided by the wings of lore is swifter, and negat requiem, que immiuet fugaci denies {her) rest, and hangs oier her fleeing tergo, et afflat crimen sparsum cervicibus, hack, and breathes on the hair floating on Tier shoulders. Viribus absumptis, ilia expalluit que victa Her strength being spent, she grew pale and, oiercoine labore citae fugae, spectans Peueidas by the fatigue of her rapid flight, looking on the Peneian undas, inquit, "Pater, fer opem, si flumina waves, says, *' Father, bring help, if your ricers hal>etis numen : aut, tellus, hisce, vel j^rde have divine power : or, earth, open, or destrryy istam figuram qua placui nimium, that beauty by which I hare pleased too much, mutando, quae facit ut laedar/' by changing it, which causes me to be injured,*' 36 METAMORPHOSES — I. occiipat artns : seizes her limhs , libro: hark : Prece vix finita gravis torpor The prayer was scarcely ended when a hea'cy numbness mollia praecordia cinguntur tenui her soft bosom is begirt with thin 550 crines crescimt in frondera. braccliia in her hair grows into foliage, the arms into ramos : pes modo tarn velox haeret pigris boughs: the foot lately so swift clings with sluggish radicibus : eacuraen obit ora : nitor roots: a leaf y top overspreads her features : her elegance unus remanet in ilia. Phoebus amat banc quoque ; que alone remains in her, Phoebus loves this also; and posita placing pectus her breast in on stipite^ the trunk, novo the neiD dextra Ms right {hand) trepidare adhuc sub trembling yet under com plexus ramos, having embraced the boughs, dat oscula Hgno : he imprints kisses on the wood refugit oscula. Cui recoils from his kisses. To her quoniam potes non esse mea conjunx, certe since you can not be my wife, certainly you shall eris mea arbor, laure. Coma te semper, be my tree, laurel. My hair (shall have) you always, citharae te, nostrae pbaretrae habebunt my harps (shall have) you, my quivers shall have te. 560 Tu aderis Latiis ducibus, cum you. You shall be presented to Latin generals, when sentit he feels cortice. Que bark. And ut membra, suis lacertis, as limbs, in Ms arms, tarn en lignum even yet the wood deus dixit, '' At the god said, ''But vox voice laeta the joyful pompae processions fidissima a most faithful canet triumphum, et shall sing a triumph, and visent Capitolia. Eadem shall visit the Capitol. You custos ante fores postibus guardian before the doors on gate-posts longae the long stabis sJiall stand lO. 37 Augiistis, of Augustus, mediam. in the middle. intonsis with unshorn perpetuos the perpetual Laurea The laurel que and tuebere you shall protect qiierciira the oak (placed) Que ut meani juvenile caput est And as my youthful head is (adorned) capillis, locks, lionores honor quoque also tu you frondis/' of foliage.'' annuit nodded Visa est seemed Est There is agitasse to shake nemus a grove claudit undique ; ram IS with the^ bought cacumen^ ut its top, as Haemoniae, of Ilcemonia, vocant gere sJiall bear Paean Apollo modo factis lately made semper always finierat. fi?iished. que and caput. a head. quod praerupta silva which a rugged wood encloses on every side ; they call quae Peneus 570 effusus ab which the Peneus poured out from Tempe ; .{it) Tempe; per through que and imo Pindo the foot of Pin d us conducit nubila gathers mists gravi dejectu, que from its heavy fall, and aspergine, with the foam. volvitur spumosis undis, rolls witJi foaming waves, agitantia tenues fumos which scatter light spray impluit summas silvas it sprinkles the tops of tcoods plus quam vicina more than the neighboring (places) (more distant pi sonitu. Haec domus, hne sedes, i^ith the sound. This (is) the house, this the abode, sunt penetralia magni amnis : residens in are the recesses of the great river : dwelling in antro facto de cautibus, dabat jura undis, cavern made of rocks, he gave laws to the leaves^ nymph is colentibus undas. to the nymphs inhabiting the waves. flumina primum conveniunt illuc, rivers first assemble thither. et fatigat and tires Popularia The native nescia not knowing 38 METAMORPHOSES— 1. gratentur, ne consolentur parentem. {whether) they may congratulate, or comfort their parent. Populifer Sperchios^ et irrequietiis Enipeus, Poplar -hearing Spercheus, and the troubled Enipeus, 580 que senex Apidanus, que leuis Amphrysus, et and aged Apidanus, and gentle Amphrysus, and Aeas. Que mox alii amnes, qui deducunt Aeas. And presently the other rivers, which lead in mare, undas fessas erroribus, qua into the sea, their waves tired with wanderings, where impetus tulit illos. Inachus unus abest, que force has borne them. Inachus alone is absent, and reconditus imo antro auget aquas hidden in the lowest cavern he increases the waters fletibus, que miserrimus luget natam To hy weeping, and most wretched he bewails his daughter lo ut amissam. Nescit ne fruatur vita, as lost. He knows not whether she may enjoy life, an sit apud manes. Sed putat or may be among ghosts (the dead). But he thinks esse nusquam, quam non invenit usquam, atque that she is nowhere, whom he does not find anywhere, and veretur pejora animo. Jupiter viderat lo dreads worse {fate) in mind. Jupiter had seen lo redeuntem a patrio flumine; et dixerat, returning from her father's river : and had said, "O virgo digna Jove, 590 que factura *'0 virgin worthy of Jupiter, who will make nescio quern beatum tuo toro, I know not whom {some one) happy with your marriage, pete umbras altorum nemorum," et seek the shades of the lofty groves, ' ' and monstraverat umbras nemorum, ^^dum he pointed out the shades of the groves, ''ichile calet, et sol est altissimus medio it is warm, and the sun is high in the middle 10. 39 orbe. Quod si times sola intrare latebras of his course. But if you fear alone to enter the dens ferarum, tuta deo pmeside, of wild beasts, safe Kith a god as conductor, subibis secreta nemorum, nee you shall enter the secret (recesses) of the groves, nor dec de plebe, sed qui with a god of the common sort, but (with me) who teneo caelestia sceptra magna manu, sed hold the heacenly sceptre in my mighty hand, but (with qui mitto vaga fulmina. Fuge me) who send forth the wandering lightnings. Flee ne me!'^ euim fugiebat. Jam reliquemt not me!'' for she did fee. Already she had left paseua Leruae, que Lvrcaea arva consita the pastures of Lerna, and the Lyrccean lands planted arboribus, cum deus, inducta caligine, with trees, when the god, having brought on darkness, 600 occuluit latas terras, que tenuit fugam, que concealed the wide lands, and arrested her flight, and rapuit pudorem. Interea Juno despexit in forced her modesty. Meantime Juno looked down into medios agros, et mii^ta the midst of the lands, and having wondered that volucres nebulas fecisse faeiem noctis sub the fleet mists had made the appearance of night under nitido die, sensit illas esse non fluminis, bright day, she perceived them to be not of the river, nec remitti humenti tellure. Atque nor to be sent from the moist earth. And circumspieit ubi suus coujux sit, ut she looks about (to see) where her spouse maybe, as (one) quae nosset furta mariti totiens who understood the intrigues of a husband so often deprensi. Postquam repperit quern non caelo, detected. After she found him not in heaven^ 40 METAMOUPHOSES — 1. ait, she says, Que And *' Either ego fallor / am deceived ant ego or I delapsa ab having glided down from in on 610 terris, the earth, Praesenserat que and He had previously perceived qne mntaverat vnltns and had changed the features laedor/^ am injured.** snmmo aethere^ constitit the highest sky, she stood jnssit nebnlas recedere. commanded the mists to retire. adventnm ^ conjngis, the coming of his spouse, Inachidos of the daughter of Inachus in into (lo) formosa. beautiful. nitentem juvencam. Bos a sleek heifer. (As) a cow quoque also Satnrnia, qnamqnam invita, Saturnia (Juno), although unwilling. est she is probat praises quaerit sJie inquires speciem vaccae, necnon the appearance (beauty) of the cow, also et cnjns, et unde, ve quo armento sit, botJi whose, and whence, or quasi as if e from nescia ignorant gen i tarn she teas produced desinat inquiri. need not he inquired for. munus. Quid faciat? {as) a present. What is he to do f from what herd she is, Jupiter mentitur veri. of the truth. Jupiter terra, ut the earth, tliat Saturnia Saturnia falsely says auctor the owner banc her petit asks suos aniores ; suspectum ?iis love ; a cause of suspicion pudor, qui suadeat shame, which persuades Crudele addicere {It is) cruel to give up non dare. Est not to give {her). It is illinc ; amor on the one hand ; love dissuadet. liinc. Pudor victus esset dissuades him on the other. Shame might have been overcome 620 sed si vacca, leve munus, amore ; by love : but if a cow, a light (trifling) present, negaretur sociae que generis que tori, were denied to the partner both of his race and of his bed. lO. 41 protinus, immediately, anxia apprehensive Aristoridae son of Aristoi\ cinetum poterat non videri vacca. Doiiata she might hot seem (to be) a cow. After he had given up pellice, diva nou exuit oainem metiim his mistress, the goddess did not lay aside all fear que timiiit Jovem, et fuit and she feared Jupiter, and was furti^ donee tradidit - Argo of a theft, until she delivered (he?') to Argus, servandam. Argus habebat caput to be guarded. Argus had his head centum luminibus. Inde bina capiebant encircled icith a hundred eyes. Then two took quietem suis vicibus ; cetera servabant atque manebant rest in their turns; the rest icatched and remained in statione. Quocunque modo constiterat, spectabat ad on guard. In whatever manner he stood, helooked at lo; quamvis aversus, habebat lo ante oculos. lo; although turned away, he kept lo before his eyes. 630 Sinit pasci luce. Cum sol est sub He permits her to feed by day. WJien the sun is under alta tellure, claudit, et circumbat vincula the deep earth, he shuts her up, and puts indigno collo. Pascitur about her undeserving neck. She feeds on frondibus et amara lierba : leaves and bitter grass : infelix incubat the unfortunate (cow) limosa of muddy etiam supplex vellet also in supplication might icish Argo, habeit non bracchia, to Argus, she had no arms, Argo ; que conata que and pro instead of chains arbuteis arbutus toro a couch terrae, on the earth, non semper not always habenti having (covered with) flumina. Cum ilia Whe)i she bracchia her arms tenderet gramen, que grass, and potat drinks rivers. tendere to stretch quae which she might stretch to Argus ; and trying 42 METAMORPHOSES — I. queri, to complain, ore, from her mouthy que and que and propria by her own ubi where que and que and edidit mugitus she sent forth bellowing s exterrita est was frightened ripas Inachidas, the banks of Inachus, solebat saepe ludere ; 640 ut conspexit rictus she used often to sport ; when she beheld her jaws nova cornua in unda, pertimuit, her new horns in the wave, she feared greatly, externata, refuo:it se. Naides pertimuit sonos, greatly feared the sounds, Venit et ad She came voce. voice. et also to frightened, ignorant, do not recognize her. se. she fled from herself. et Inachus ipse and Inachus himself The Naiads ignorat knows not quae sit. who she is. sorores, her sisters, At ilia sequitur patrem, que sequitur But she follows her father, and follows et patitur se and lets herself tangi, be touched. que and offert presents Inachus Inachus se admirantibus. Senior herself to them admiring. The aged porrexerat decerptas herbas ; ilia lambit manus, reached {to her) some gathered herbs; she licks his hands, que dat oscula patriis palrais. Nee and gives kisses to her father' s palms. Nor does {she) si modo verba sequantur, if only words followed, loquatur suum nomen que would tell her name and ret i net restrain opem, help, lacrimas ; her tears ; oret she would beg casus. Littera misfortunes. A letter pro verbis 650 peregit triste indicium instead of words completed (gave) the sad information nuitati corporis. " Miserum me!" exclamat et and que and quam which pes her foot ducit draws m in pulvere the dust of her changed body. ''Wretched pater Inachus, que pendens her father i Jnachus^ CLnd hanging me me r in on exclaims cornibus the horns lo. 43 et cervice niveae juvencae gementis, ingeminat, and neck of the snow-white heifer as she wept, he repeats, "Miserum me! es tune nata quaesita mlhi *' Wretched me! are you the daughter sought by me per omnes terras ? Tu non inventa eras through all lands f You, when not found were levior luctus reperta. Retices, nee lighter grief (than when) found. You are dumb, nor refers mutua dicta nostris. Tantum do you return responsive words to mine. Only prodis suspiria alto pectore : que quod you truly heave sighs from your deep breast: and what uniira potes, remugis ad mea verba. At alone you can, you bellow to my words. But ego ignarus parabam thalamos que taedas tibi ; / unknowing prepared a bridal chamber and torches for you ; que prima spes mihi fait generi, secunda and the first hope tome was of a son-in-law, the second nepotum. 660 Nunc vir de grege of grandchildren. Now a husband from the flock habendus tibi, unnc natus de grege, nee licet must be yours, now a son from the flock, nor is it possible mihi finire tantos dolores morte; sed nocet for me to end so great grief by death ; but it is a detriment esse deum; que praeclusa janiia leti extendit to be a god; and the closed gate of death continues nostros luctus in aeternum aevum/^ Stellatus Argus my griefs to everlasting ages.'' The starry Argus summovet maerentes talia, que abstrahit removes them lamenting in such words, and draws away natam ereptam patri in di versa the daughter torn away from her father into a different pascua. Ipse occupat sublime cacurnen montis pasture. He himself gains the lofty top of a mountain procul. unde sedens speculetur in omnes partes. at a distance, whence sitting he may watch in all directions. 44 METAMORPHOSES — I. Nec rector superuni potest ferre ultra Nor is the ruler of the gods able to bear any longer tanta mala Phoroniclos ; que vocat natiim, such great misery of Phoronis (lo) ; and he calls his son, quem lucida 670 Pleias enixa est partu, que imperat whom the bright Pleiad brought forth, and commands det Argum leto. Mora est parva {that) he put Argus to death. The delay is small sumpsisse alas pedibus, que somniferam virgam to put wings on his feet, and {take) the sleep-bringing wand potent! manii^ que tegimen capillis. Ubi in his powerful hand, and {place) his cap on his hair. When natus Jove disposuit haec, desilit ab the son of Jupiter arranged these things, he springs from patria arce in terras, que illic removit his father's citadel upon the earth, and there he removed tegimen^ et posuit pennas ; tantummodo virga his cap, and put aside his wings ; only his wand retenta est. Diim venit^ ut pastor agit hac was kept. Wldle he comes, as a shepherd he drives with this capellas per devia rura abductas, per {icand) some she-goats through the pathless fields et and cantat sings (plaj^s) structis icith arranged avenis. oaten reeds. taken up, Argus, Argus, Junonius custos, captus voce novae Juno's keeper, captivated with the sound of a new artis, ait, *^ Quisquis es, poteris considere mecuin art, says, '' Whosoever you are, you may sit down with me hoc saxo : 680 enim herba est fecund ior pecori on this rock : for grass is more abundant for cattle neque ullo loco, que vides umbram aptam pastoribus, in no other place, and you see the shade fit for shepherds. Atlantiades sedit et detinuit euntem The son of Atlas (Mercury) sat down and beguiled the passing diem sermone, loquendo multa; que tental vincere day in, discourse, by speaking much ; and tries to overcome the SYRINX. 45 servanda lumina canendo jiinctis arundinibus. icatchful eyes by singing with the joined reeds. Tamen ille piignat evincere molles somnos, et However he (Argus) strugyles to overcome soft sleep, and qiiamvis sopor receptus est parte oculoriim, although sleep has been received by apart of the eyes, tanien vigilat parte. Quaerit quoqiie — namque yet he watches with a part. He inquires also — for fistula reperta erat niiper — qua ratione the pipe had been found (iuvented) lately — by what means reperta sit. it was invented. Turn deus inquit, 690 ^^Fuit una Naias in gelidis Then the god says, ''There was a Naiad in the cold montibus Arcadiae, celeberrima inter mountains of Arcadia, most distinguished among Nonacrinas Hamadryadas ; nymphae vocabant Syringa. the Nonacrine Hamadryads ; the nymphs called her Syrinx. Ilia non semel eluserat et satyros sequentes, She not once {only) had escaped both the satyrs following et quoscunque deus ve umbrosa silva {her), and whatever gods either the shady wood ve ferax rus habet. Colebat Ortygiam or the fertile country has. She emulated the Ortygian deani studiis que virginitate ipsa. Quoque goddess (Diana) in pursuits and virginity itself. Also cincta ritu Dianae falleret et girded in the fashion of Diana she might deceive {one) and ])osset credi Latonia, si huic arcus might be believed the daughter of Latona, if her bow non corneus, si illi non foret aureus. Sic were not of horn, if the goddess's were not of gold. Thus quoque fallebat. Pan videt banc redeuntem Lycaeo also she deceived. Pan sees her returning from the Lycean coUe que [)raecinctus acuta pinu caput, hill and bound with sharp pine (leaves) on her head, 4 46 METAMORPHOSES — I. per through aranem river 700 refert talia verba/^ Restabat referre utters such words.'' It remained (to Mercury) to repeat verba : et precibus spretis, the words: and how, when his prayers nympliam fugisse the nymph (is said) to have fled donee venerat ad until she had come to arenosi Ladonis : hie, of the sandy Ladon : here, illi cursum, her course, mutarent se : que Pan, cum putaret they might change her : and Pan, when he thought Syriiiga prensam sibi, tenuisse palustres calamos Syrinx caught by himself, held the marshy reeds pro corpore nymphae. Que dura suspirat ibi, for the body of the nymph. And while he sighs there, ventos niotos in arundine effecisse tenueni sonnm, que the winds moved in the reed caused a shrill sound, and avia pathless (places), placid um the gentle undis impedientibus as the waves prevent orasse she prayed liquidas her liquid Pan, cui sorores, sisters. ut that jam now similem querenti ; deum, like one complaining ; the god, que captum nova arte, captivated by the new art, and dixisse, 710 " Hoc consilium dulcedine vocis, the sweetness of the sound, said, ''This mode of converse manebit mihi tecum : atque ita disparibus calamis shall remain for me with thee ; and thus unequal reeds junctis being joined compagine by a fastening cerae, of wax. tenuisse retained mter se together nomen puellae. the name of the girl. Cyllenius dicturus talia vidit omnes Cyllenius (Mercury) about to say such (words) saw all ociilos succubuisse, que lumina adoperta the eyes sunk (to sleep), and his eyes wrapped somno. Supprimit vocem extemplo, que firmat in sleep. He checks his voice immediately, and strengthens ARGUS. 47 soporem, perraulcens languida luQiina raedicata his drowsiness, stroking his languid eyes with the magic virga. Nee mora, vulnerat iiutantem wand. Nor {loas) there delay, he wounds {him) as he nods falcato ense, qua ea])ut confine collo, with a crooked sword, where the head joins the neck, que dejicit cruentum saxo^ et malculat and casts him bloody from the rock, and stains praeruptam cautem sanguine. 720 Arge, jaces> the rugged crag u'ith blood. Argus, you lie que lumen, quod habebas in tot lumina, {prostrate), and the light, which you had in so many eyes, extinetum est, que una nox occupat centum has been quenched, and one night seizes the hundred oculos. Saturnia excipit hos, que collocat eyes. Saturnia (Juno) takes up these, and places {them) pennis suae volucris, et implet caudam in the feathers of her bird, and fills its tail stellantibus gemmis. with starry gems. Protinus exarsit, nee distulit Immediately she (Juno) icas angered, nor deferred tempora irae, que objecit horrificam Erinyn the time of wrath, and presented the dreadful Erinys oculis que animo Argolicae pellicis, (Fury) to the eyes and mind of the Grecian mistress, que condidit eaecos stimulos in pectore, et and buried hidden stings in her breast, and terruit profugam per totum orbem. Nile, affrighted her an exile through the whole globe. Nile, restabas ultiraus immenso labori. Quem you icere the boundary of her immense labor. Which simul ac tetigit, que genibus positis in so soon as she touched, and her knees %cere placed on margine ripae, 730 procubuit, que ardua the edge of the bank, she lay down, and raising herself 48 METAMORPHOSES — I. collo resupino, toUen ad sidera vultus with neck bent back, raising to the stars her features qQos solos ])otuit, visa est queri cum which alone she could, she seemed to complain with Jove et gemitu et lacrimis et luctisono Jupiter both by groans and tears and mournful mugitu, que orare finem malorum. lUe bellowing, and to pray for an end to her miseries. He having complexus colla suae coujugis lacertis, rogat, embraced the neck of his spouse with his arms, begs, ut tandem finiat poenas ; que inquit, that at length she may end her punishment ; and says, " Pone metus in futurum, liaec nunquam erit ''Lay aside fear for the future, she shall never be causa doloris tibi/' et jubet Stygias paludes a cause of grief to you,'' and he orders the Stygian lakes audire hoc. Ut dea lenita est, ilia to hear this {oath). As the goddess teas softened, she (lo) capit priores vultus^ que fit quod fuit ante. assumes her former looks, and becomes what she was before. Setae fugiunt e corpore, 740 cornua decrescunt, The hairs flee from her body, her horns diminish, orbis luminis fit arctior, rictus the circumference of the eye becomes more narrow, the opening contrahitur, que humeri que manus {of the jaw) is contracted, and her shoulders and hands redeuntj que ungula dilapsa, absumitur in return, and the hoof having vanished, is absorbed into quinos ungues. Nihil superest de bove in ilia, five nails. Nothing remains of the cow in her, nisi candor fi^rmae ; que nymphe unless the whiteness of her form ; and the nymph contenta officio duorum pedum erigitur, contented toith the service of two feet is raised up que metuit loqui ne mugiat {on them), and fears to speak lest she may bellow PHAETHON. 49 more juvencaej et reteiitat timide ill the manner of a heifer^ and pronounces timidly interraissa verba. Nunc dea her long -interrupted words. Now (as) a goddess celeberrima colitur linigera the most illnstrious she is worshipped by the linen-wearing turba. crowd. Hie Epaplius creditur tandem esse genitus de I'o her Epaphus is believed at length to be born of semine niagni Jovis ; que tenet templa tJie seed of the great Jupiter; and he possesses temples juncta parent! per urbes. 750 Phaethon, joined to his parent through the cities. Pha'ethon, satus sole, fuit aequalis huic animis sprung from the sun, was equal to him in spirits et annis ; quern quondam loquentem magna and years ; him when once speaking boastful words nee cedentem sibi, que superbum parente and not yielding to Mm, and proud of his parent Phoebo, Inachides non tullt; que Phoebus, Inachides (Epaphus) did not endure ; and ait, '^ Demens, credis matri omnia, said, "Foolish (fellow), you believe your mother in all things, et es turn id us imagine falsi genitoris. and are puffed up with the conceit of an imaginary father. Phaethon erubuit que repressit iram pudore, et Phaethon blushed and checked his anger from shame, and tulit ad matrem Clymenen convicia Epaphi, told to 7iis mother Clymene the repraacJies of Epaphus, que ait, ^^Quo doleas magis, and he says, '' In order that you may grieve more, genitrix, ego, ille liber, ille ferox, tacui. mother, I, that free, that bold {youth), was silent. Pudet et haec opprobria potuisse dici 1 am ashamed both {that) these insults could be said 50 METAMORPHOSES — I. nobis, et non potuisse refelli. 760 At tu ede tome, and could not have been refuted. But declare notam tanti generis, si modo creatiis sum a sign of so great a race, if only I am sprung eaelesti stirpe ; que assere me caelo." Dixit, from divine stock; and claim me for heave?!.'' He spoke, et implieuit braechia materno collo; que and twined (his) arms about his mother's neck, and oravit per suurn eaput que Mcropis, que begged by his own head and that of Jlerops, and the taedas sororura, traderet sibi marriage-torches of his sisters, (that) she would give him signa veri parentis. Ambiguum Cly- the signs of his true parent. (It is) doubtful (ichether) Cly- mene magis mota precibbs Phaethonis mene (was) more moved by the prayers of Pha'ethon an ira criiniuis dieti sibi ; than by the anger at the charge spoken (against) herself ; porrexit utraque braechia caelo, que spectans ad she,extended both arms to heaven, and looking to lumina solis, inquit : ^^ Per hoc jubar insigne the light of the sun, says: "By this beam bright coruscis radiis, quod que audit que videt nos, icith resplendent rays, which both hears and sees t/s, juro tibi, nate, 770 te satuni hoc I swear to you, my son, (that) you are sprung from this quern spectas, te hoc sole, qui temperat (sun) which you see, you from this sun, which governs orbem. Si loquor fieta, ipse se neget vivendum the globe. If I speak lies, may he himself refuse to be seen mihi, que ista sit novissima hix nostris oculis. by me, and may this be the last light to my eyes. Nec est labor longus tibi Nor is the trouble long to you (nor will it be any great nosse patrios ]ieuates ; domus trouble for you) ^0 risiY your father s house; the habitation PHAETHOy. 51 iinde oritur est coiitermina nostrae terrae. Si lehtnce 7u arises is bordering on our land. If mermits.li Forsooth, ut credas te pledges, that you may believe yourself nostro sanguine. Do certa pignora timendo ; from my blood. I give sure pledges by fearing {for you) ; et probor esse ])ater and T am proved to be {your) father Ecce ! as])ice meos vultus, que See! behold my looks, and nt when resists the reins. auctor the author vota, que and ne lest que and wish tua your certa pignora, sure cervix the neck sim I may be corrige change petis you seek genitum to be sprufig patrio metu. by a father's fear. utinam would that you might 58 METAMORPHOSES — II. posses inserere oculos in be able to insert your eyes into mtus patrias within my fatherly quidquid dives at whatever the rich aliquid e tot something out of so many curas ! care! mundus world circiimspice, look round. nomine name poenam punishment tenes mea do you hold my pectora, et deprendere my breast, and detect Denique, Finally, habet ; que posce has ; and ask tantis bonum caeli, so great goods of heaven, ; patiere nullam of the sea ; you shall suffer no hoc unum ; quod vero this one thing ; which in its true non honor. Phaethon, poscis is a punishment^ not an honor, Phaethon, you ask pro munere. 100 Quid, ignare, instead of a gift. WJiy^ my ignorant lad, lacertis ? arms f que and que terrae, and of earth, repidsam. Deprecor repulse. I deprecate est poena, que and maris : coUa blandis neck with caressing Dubita Doubt dabitur — shall be given — tu opta you must icish tamen ille however he, (Phaethon) resists tenet propositum, que flagrat cupidiue holds his purpose, and burns with desire ne : quodcumque optaris not : whatsoever you wish Stygias undas ! — sed by the Stygian waves ! — but Finierat monitus ; He finished his admonitions ; dictis, que his loords, and currus. Ergo, genitor for the chariot. Therefore, his father, licuit, dedueit (as far as) he could, conducts Vulcania munera. Axis Vulcan's gift. The axle curvatura summae the circle of the outer edge radiorum argenteus. of spokes silver, ii. Chrysolites and juravimus we have sworn sapientius.^^ more wisely.'* repugnat qua where juvenem the youth erat was cunctatus, delaying ad altos currus, to the lofty chariot, aureus, temo aureus, golden, the beam golden, rotae of the wheel aurea ordo the circle golden, Chrysolithi que gemmae positae diamonds placed PHAETHON. 59 ex ordine per juga 110 reddebant clara lutnina in order along the yoke gate bright light repercusso Phoebo. Que diim mao[;naniraus from the reflected sun. And tchUe the high-minded Phaethon miratur ea, que perspicit ojnis, Pha'ethon admires those things, and surveys the work, ecce vigil Aurora patefecit purpureas fores behold the wakeful Aurora opened her purple doors ab rutilo ortu^ et atria plena rosarum. in the ruddy east, and her halls full of roses. Stellae dilfugiunt ; quarum agraina Lucifer The stars flee away ; whose troops Lucifer cogit et novissimus exit statione caeli. gathers and he last goes out from the watch of heaven. At ut pater vidit terras que muudum But when his father saw the lands and the world rubescere, que cornua extremae lunae velut reddening, and the horns of the distant moon as if about evaneseere^ Titan imperat velocibus Horis juugere to vanish, Titan orders the swift Hours to yoke equos. Celeres deae peragunt jussa; 120 que the horses. The fleet goddesses obey the orders ; and ducunt quadrupedes altis praesepibus, vomentes lead the horses fromthelofty stalls, snorting forth ignem saturos succo ambrosiae ; que addunt fires and full of the juice of ambrosia ; and they add sonantia frena. Turn pater contigit ora the sounding bits. Then his father touched the face sui nati sacro medicamine, et fecit of his son with a sacred medicine, and made it patientia rapidae flammae : que iraposuit radios able to endure the rapid flame: and he placed the rays comae, que repetens suspiria, praesaga luctus, on his hair, and drawing sighs, forebodings of grief , sollicito pectore, dixit, " Si potes hie from his anxious breast, he said, t'' If you can here 60 METAMORPHOSES— II. saltern parere paternis monitis, puer^ parce at least obey your father's admonitions, my hoy, spare the stimulis, et utere loris fortius. Properant spurs, and use the reins more vigorously. They hasten sua sponte ; labor est inhibere volentes. of their own accord; the difficulty is to restrain them willing. Nee via per quinque directos arcus plaeeat Let not the way through the jvce direct circles attract tibi 130 Limes est sectus in obliquum^ lato you. The track is cut obliquely, with a broad curvamine que contentus fine trium zonarum; curvature, and bounded by the extremities of three zones ; que effugit australem polum, que Arcton junctam and avoids the southern pole, and the Bear joined aquilonibus. Iter sit hac; cernes to the north winds. Let the way be by this ; you will perceive manifesta vestigia rotae. Que, ut et caelum distinct traces of the wheel. And, that both heaven et terra ferant aequos calores, nee preme and the earth may bear equal heat, neither depresc nec moliie currum per sumraum aethera. nor guide tha chariot along the summit of the sky. Egressus altius, cremabis caelestia tecta ; Going too high, you will consume the heavenly dwellings ; inferius, terras; ibis tutissimus medio. too low, the earth ; you will go safest by the middle {course). Neu rota dexterior declinet te Neither let the wheel toward the right turn you off in tortum Anguem ; neve sinisterior to the twisted Snake ; neither {let the wheel) to the left ducat ad pressam Aram : 140 tene inter utrumque. lead you to the low Altar : hold between each. Mando cetera Fortunae, quae, opto, juvet et I commit the rest to Fortune, who, I wish, may aid and consulat melius quam Ui tibi. Cum loquor, may plan better than you for yourself . While I speak, \ PHAETHON. 61 humida nox tetigit metas positas in moist nigJit has touched the boundaries placed on Hesperio litore. Libera mora est non nobis : the Hesperian shore. An unlimited delay is not for me; poscimur. Aurora effulget, tenebris fugatis. I am required. Aurora shines outy the darkness is put to flight. Corripe lora manu : vel si tibi pectus Seize the thongs (reins) in your hafid : or if your purpose est rautabile, utere nostris consiliis^ non curribus, is changeable, follow my advice, not my cJiariot, dum potes, et adstas etiam nunc solidis sedibus, while you can, and you stand even yet on solid ground, que dum inscius premis nondum axes and while in your ignorance you press not yet the axles male optatos^ sine me dare lumina unfortunately coveted, permit me to give light terris, quae tutus spectes.'^ 150 Ille to the lands which you safe may behold.'' He occupat levem currum juvenili (Phaethon) seizes (jumps into) the light chariot withy outhful corpore^ que stat super, que gaudet contingere habenas body, and stands above, and rejoices to touch the reins datas mauibus, et inde agit grates invito given him with his hands, and then thanks his unicilling parenti. Interea volucres equi soils, Pyroeis, parent. Meantime the loinged horses of the sun, Pyroeis, et EouSj, et Aethon, que quartus, Phlegon, and Eous, and Aethon, and the fourth, Phlegon, implent auras flammiferis hinnitibus, que pulsant fill the air with fiery neighing s, and beat repagula pedibus. Postquam Tethys, ignara the barrier^ with their feet. After Tethys, ignorant fatorum nepotis, reppulit quae, et copia of the fate of her grandson, thrust them back, and the scope immensi mundi facta est, corripuere viam, of the boundless world was given^ they seized the way^ 5 62 METAMOEPHOSES — II. que findunt obstantes nebulas pedibus motis and cleave the opposing mists with feet moving per aera, que levati pennis 160 praetereunt through the air, and raised on wings they pass hy Euros ortos de isdem partibus. Sed the East winds sprung from the same parts. But pondus erat leve ; nee quod equi the weight was light; nor such as the horses solis possent cognoscere ; que j^ig^^ni of the sun could feel: and the yoke carebat solita gravitate. Que ut wanted the aocustomed weight. And as curvae naves labant sine justo pondere, curved ships toss about icithout proper ballast, que feruntur instabiles per mare nimia and are borne unsteady through the sea from too great levitate, sic currus dat saltus, vacuos lightness, so the chariot gives bounds, empty of assueto onere, in aera, que succutitur its accustomed burden, into the air, and is tossed alte, que est similis iuani. Simul ac on high, and is like an empty {one). As soon as quadrijugi sensere quod, ruunt, que the four-yoked (horses) perceive this, they rush, and relinquunt tritum spatium ; nee currunt leave the beaten space; nor do they run ordine quo prius. Ipse pavet, in the path in which (they did) before. He himself fears, 170 nee scit qua flectat habenas nor does he know ichere he may turn the reins commissa?, nee qua iter sit; nee, si intrusted (to him), nor where the way may be ; nor, if sciat, imperet illis. Turn priraum gelidi lie knew, could he command them. Then first the cold Triones caluere radiis, et Triones (the seven stars) grew warm with the sunbeams, and, PHAETHON. 63 tentarunt frustra tingi vetito aequore. tried in vain to dip themselves in the forbidden ocean. Que Serpens quae est posita proxima glaciali And the serpent which is placed nearest to the icy polo, prius pigra frigore, nee formidabilis uUi, pole, formerly slow with cold, nor formidable to any, incaluit, que sunipsit novas iras fervoribus. grew warm, and took on new anger from the heat. Memorant te quoque, Boote, turbatum, They say that you also, Bootes, being disturbed, fugisse; quaravis eras tardus, et tua plaustra fled; although you were slow, and your wagon tenebant te. Vero ut infelix Phaethon detained you. But when unhappy Phaethon despexit ab summo aetliere terras jacentes looked down from the highest sky on the earth lying penitus que penitus, 180 palluit, et genua intremuere far, far aioay, he grew pale, and his knees trembled subito timore : que tenebrae obortae sunt oculis icith sudden fear : and darkness overspread his eyes ])er tantuni lumen. Et jam mallet through so great light. And now he would rather nunquam tetigisse paternos equos : que jam never luive touched his father' s horses: and now piget agnosse genus, et valuisse he is sorry to have known his race, and to have prevailed rogando. Jam cupiens dici Meronis, by his entreaties. Now desiring to be called (the son) of Merpps, fertur ita, ut pinus acta praeei|3iti he is borne so, as (is) a ship driven by the impetuous Borea, cui victa frena suns rector remisit, Boreas, ichose conquered helm her pilot has relaxed, quam rellquit deis que votis. Quid which he has left to the gods and his prayers. WJiat faciat? Multum caeli relictum post terga; is he to do ? Much of heaven is left behind his back ; I 64 METAMORPHOSES — II. plus est ante oculos : metitur utrumque animo, more is before his eyes : he measures each in mind. Et modo prosplcit occasus, quos est non And now he looks forward to the west, which it is not illi fato contingere; 190interdum {possible) for him by fate to reach ; sometimes respicit ortus. Que ignarus quid agat, he looks back on the east. And ignorant what to do, stupet : et nee remittit frena, nee valet he is stupefied: and neither loosens the reins, nor is able retinere ; nee novit nomina equorum. to retain them ; nor does he know the names of the horses. Quoque trepidus, videt miracula sparsa passim Also fearful, he sees wonders scattered everywhere in vario caelo, que simulacra in the various (parts of) heaven, and the images vastarum ferarum. Est locus, ubi of immense wild beasts. There is a place, where Scorpios concavat bracchia in geminos arcus, et the Scorpion bends his arms into two arches, and Cauda que lacertis flexis utrimque, porrigit with his tail and arms bent on either side, reaches membra in spatium duorum signorum. his limbs over the space of two signs (constellations). Ut puer vidit hunc madidum sudore nigri When the boy sate him moist icith the perspiration of black veneni, minitantem vulnera curvata cuspide, poison, threatening wounds icith the bent point {of his 200 inops mentis, remisit lora gelida tail), destitute of reason, he let go the reins in cold formidine. I Postquam quae jacentia tetigere terror. ^ After they falling touched summo tergo, equi exspatiantur : que nullo the top of their backs, the horses roam: and since none inhibente, eunt per auras ignotae regionis; checks them, they go through the air of an unknown region / PHAETHON. 65 que qua impetus egit, ruunt hac and ichere their violence has drioen them, they rush hither sine l^ge; que incursant stellis fixis without restraint : and they rush on to the stars fixed sub alto aethere, que rapiuut curruni per under the high sky, and drag the chariot through avia. Et modo petuut sunima, pathless loays. And now they seek the highest {places), modo feruntur per declivia, que precipites now are home through slanting {places), and steep vias spatio propiore terrae. Que Luna ways in a space nearer to the earth. And the Moon admiratur fraternos equos currere inferius. suis: wonders that her brother' s horses run lower than her own: que ambusta nubila fumaut. 210 Ut quaeque tellus and the scorched clouds smoke. As each land altissima, corripitur flammis; que fissa agit is highest, it is caught by the flames ; and cleft it forms rimas, et succis ademjitis aret. chinks, and when the moisture is dried aicay ii is parched. Pabula cauescunt; arbor uritur cum froudibus; The grass grows white ; the tree is burnt with its leaves ; que arida seges praebet materiam suo and the parched crop furnishes material for its own damno. Queror parva. Magnae urbes destruction. I complain of small things. Great cities pereunt cum moenibus ; que incendia vertunt totas perish with their to alls ; and the fires turn whole geutes cum suis populis in cinerem. Silvae nations with their peoples into ashes. Woods ardent cum montibus. Athos ardet, que Cilix burn with the mountains. Athos burns, and Cicilian Taurus, et Tmolus, et Oete, et Tde nunc sicca, Taurus, and Tmolus, and Oete, and Ida now dry, prius celeberrima fontibus ; que Helicon, before most renowned for its fountains ; and Helicon^ 66 METAMORPHOSES — II. virglneus, et Haemos nondum the^hoine of the maidens (Piuses), and Haemos, not yet Oeagrius. 220 Aetne ardet in immensum (called) Oeagrian. Aetna burns to an immense geniinatis ignibus, que biceps Parnassus, {degree) with doubled fires, and two-headed Parnassus, et Eryx, et Cynthus^ et Othiys, et Ehodope and Eryx, and Cynthus, and Othrys, and Ehodope tandem caritura nivibus, que Mimas, que at length to be freed of snows, and Mimas, and Dindyma, et Mycale, que Citliaeron natus ad Dindyma, and Mycale, and Githaeron created for sacra. - Nee sua frigora prosunt Scythiae : sacred {rites). Nor {do) its colds profit {avail) Scythia : Caucasus ardet que Ossa cum Pindo, que Caucasus burns and Ossa tcith Pindus, and Olympus major ambobus, que aeriae Alpes, et Olympus greater than both, and the lofty Alj^s, and nubifer Apenninus. Tunc vero Phaethon aspicit the cloud-bearing Apennines. Then truly Phaethon beholds orbem accensum e cunctis partibus ; nee sustinet the globe inflamed on all sides; nor {can he) endure tantos aestus : que trahit ore ferventes auras, velut so great heat : and inhales scorching air, as if e profunda fornace, 230 que sentit suos currus from a deep furnace, and j^erceives his own chariot candescere. Et neque jam potest ferre cineres to be on fire. And lie can no longer bear the ashes que ejectam favillam, que involyitur undique and the emitted embers, and is enveloped on every side calido fumo. Que tectus picea caligine, in hot smoke. And covered with a pitchy darkness, nescit quo eat aut ubi sit; et he knoiDS not whither he is going or where he is ; and raptatur arbitrio volucrum equorum. Credunt is dragged at the will of the fie et horses. {People) believe PHAETHOX. 67 populos Etliiopum turn traxisse that the peoples of the Ethiopians then contracted nigrum colorem, their black color. sum ma the surface of huinoribus the moisture corpora. their bodies. sanguine vocato in the blood being then attracted to Turn Lybve facta est arida, Then Libya became dry, tum then deflev ere que rapt IS ; being carried off; fontes que Nvmphae the Nymphs lamented both their fountains and comis. Boeotia quaeritur Dircen lacus lakes ]mssis icith dishevelled 240 hair. Boeotia mourns Argos Argos Nee flumina Nor do the rivers Dirce, Amymonen, Ephvre undas Pirenidas. Ainymone, Ephyre theicaters of Pirene. sortita ripas distantes loco manent tuta : ichich chanced to have banks far apart remain safe: Tanais fumavit in mediis undis, que senex the Tanais smoked in the midst of its waves, and old Peneos, que Teuthranteus Caicus, et celer Ismenos^ Peneus, arid Teuthrantian Gaicus, and rapid Ismenos, Xanthus Xanthus cum Phocaico Erymantho, que with Phocean Ery man thus, and iterum, a second time. qui ichich ludit sports Melas, et Melas, and arsurus to burn que flavus Lycormas, que Maeandros, and Maeander, que Mygdonius and Mygdonian Babylonius Babylonian and yellow Lycormas, in recurvatis undis, m current Et And icinding Taenarius Eurotas. Taenarian Eurotas. Euphrates arsit, Orontes arsit, que citus Thermodon, Euphrates burned, Orontes burned, and swift Thermodon, Ganges, et Phasis et Tster. 250 Alpheus Ganges, and Phasis and Ister. Alpheus aestuit ; ripae Spercheides ardent ; que aurum, quod boils ; the banks of Spercheus burn ; and the gold, icJiich Tagus vehit sue amne, fluit ignibus. Et Ta.Qus carries in his river, flows in fires (melts). And que and 68 METAMORPHOSES — TI. flumineae v^olucres, quae celebrarant Maeonlas the river birds (sw^ns), which had ennobled the Maeonian caliiere medio Caystro. grow hot in the midst of Cayster. fugit in extremum fled into themost remote {part of the) caput, quod adhuc latet; ripas banks carmine, bi/ song, Nil US perterritus The Nile affrighted occuluit concealed orbem, que globe, and concealed his head, ichich septem pulverulenta ostia vacant dusty his seven sine flumine. ivithoiit a river. Hebrum (rivers), Hebrus amnes, Rhenum, rivers, the Rhine, Thybrin, the Tiber, still lies hidden; septem valles mouths are empty (as) seven valleys Eadeni fors siccat Ismarios, The same chance dries the Ismarian que and fuit was que and et and Et And cum with que and cui to which Strymone, que Hesperios Strymon, and the Hesperian Ehodanum, the Rhone, que and Padu m. promissa. 2)romised. lumen the light terret regem affrights the king the Po, potent ia rerum the sovereign ty of the loorld 260 Omne solum dissilit; All the ground starts asunder; Tartara, Tartarus, rimis in in to penetrat penetrates by the chinks [^em infernum cum of the lower icorld %oith conjuge. his wife. mare contrabitur, que quod modo erat pontus the sea is contracted, and witat lately was sea est campus is a plain altum acq nor deep ocean sparsas (number of) the scattered ima, the lowest (places), 72 or toll ere se raise themselves siccae arenae : of dry sand: texerat, ex i stunt had covered, stand out Cvcladas. Cyclades. nec audent curvi que montes, quoS and the mountains, whichthe et and augent increase the Pisces petunt The fishes seek delpbines dare the curved (graceful) dolphins super above aequora the sea in into consuetas the accustomed PHAETHOK. 69 auras. air. Corpora The bodies resupina on the hack phoearum natant of sea-calves float exanimata sumrao profnndo : est qiioque fama lifeless on the siirface of the deep : there is also the story Nerea ipsum, que Dorida^ et uatas {that) Nereus himself, and Doris, and their daughters latuisse sub tepidis autris. 270 Ter Neptuuiis lay hidden under the warm caverns. Thrice Neptune ausus erat exserere bracchia aquis cum torvo ventured to thrust out his arms from the waters with grim vultu : ter non tulit aestus countenance : thrice he could not hear the heat Tamen alma Tellus, ut erat However the hountiful Earth, as she teas pouto inter aquas pelagi, que by the ocean among the waters of the deep, and contractos uudiq ue, drawn togetlier on every side. aeris. of the air, ciroumdata surrounded fontes the fountains qui condideraut se which had hidden themselves sustnlit lifted up n\ viscera opacae matris, in the bowels of their dark mother, oiuniferos vultus tenus Iter all-producing face as far as manum fronti, her hand on her forehead, magno tremore subsedit pauliim^ et fuit infra quam with great trembling sank a little, and was lower than que and arida, parched, coUo, que opposnit her neck, and placed concutiens omnia shaking all things solet esse ; she is accustomed to he; voce : '' O summe voice: '' highest que and deu locuta est ita she spoke m. of the gods, SI if thus hoc this que and merui, quid tua I have deserved (it), why do your cessant? 280 Liceat peritiirae cease f Let me, as I am about to perish igni, perire tuo igne, que of fire, perish {rather) by your fire, aiid Sicca with parched placet, pleases you, fulmine lightnings viribiis by the force leva re alleviate 70 METAMORPHOSES — II. cladem aiictore. Vix my destruction by (your being) the author (of it). Scarcely eqiiidem resolve fauces in liaec verba ipsa/^ indeed I open my mouth for these words themselves.'' A^apor presserat ora. " En ! aspice {For) the vapor had oppressed her mouth, '^Lol behold crines tostos ! Que tantum favillae in oculis my hair scorched ! And such a quantity of ashes in my eyes tantum super ora. Hosne fructus, hunc and so much over my features. Is this the reward, this honorem fertilitatis officiique mihi refers, the recompense of my fertility and duty which you give me, quod fero vulnera adunci aratri que (in) that 1 bear the wounds of the crooked plough and rastrorum, que exerceor toto anno? Quod of rakes, and am harassed the whole year? That ministro frondes pecori, que mitia alinienta, fruges I supply leaves to cattle, and mild nourishments, fruits humano generi, quod tliura vobis? to the liuman race, that {I supply) frankincense to you? 290 Sed tamen, fac nie meruisse exitium ; But, however, suppose 1 did deserve destruction ; quid undae, quid frater why {have) the waves {deserved this), why has yo2ir brother meruit? Cur aequora tradita illi sorte deserved {this) ? Wliy do the seas given him by lot descrescnnt, et absunt longius ab aethere? Quod decrease, and recede still farther from the sky? But si nee gratia fratris, nee mea if neither regard for your brother, nor for me taugit te, at miserere tui caeh*. Circumspice touches you, at least pity your heaven. Look round on ntrumque ; uterqne pohis fumat; si ignis each {side) ; each ^;o?6 smokes; if the fire vitiaverit qnos vestra atria ruent. En, Atlas injure these, your hidls will tumble. Lo, Atlas I>HAETMON. 71 ipse laborat ! que vix siistinet candentera himself struggles! and lie hardly supports the burning axem suis humeris. Si freta^ si terrae, si axle on his shoulders. If the straits, if the lands, if regia caeli pereunt, con fund imiir in the palace of heaven perish, we are plunged into {the antiquum Chaos. 300 Si quid superest confusion of) ancient Chaos. If anything remains adhuc, eripe flammis ; et consule summae as yet, rescue it from the flames; and consult for the icelfare rerum/' Tellus dixerat haec : enini of t/ie universe.'' The Earth spoke these {words): for neque potuit tolerare vaporem ulterius, nee she was neither able to endure the vapor farther, nor dicere plura: que retulit suuni os in se, to say more: and she withdrew her face into herself, que antra propiora Manibus. At omnipotens and the caverns nearer to the Manes. But the omnipotent pater testatus superos, et ipsuni father having called in icitness the gods, and him {also) qui dederat currus, omnia iuteritura who had given the chariot, {that) all things ic ere about to perish gravi fate nisi ferat opem, petit arduus by heavy fate unless he should bring help, seeks on high summam areem, unde solet the highest point of the citadel, ivhence he is accustomed inducere nubes latis terris, unde movet to spread clouds over the broad lands, whence he moves touitrus que jaetat vibrata fulmina. Sed the thunders and throics the brandished lightnings. But tunc liabuit neque inibes, quas posset inducere then he had neither clouds, which he might spread terris ; 310 nee imbres, quos demitteret over the earth; nor rain, which he might send down caelo. Intonat : et niisit fulmen from heaven. He thunders: and sends a thunderbolt 7 2 METAMORPHOSES — II. libratum ab dextra aure, in aurigam, que poised from Ids right ear against the charioteer, and expulit pariter que anima que rotis, drove (him) equally both from life and from the wheels, et compescuit ignes saevis ignibus. Eqiii and restrained the flames by his cruel fires. The horses consternantur, et saltii facto in contraria, are confounded, and icith a bound in opposite directions, excutiunt colla jugo, que relinqnunt they shake their necks from the yoke, and leave abrupta lora. Frena jacent illic, axis revulsus the broken harness. The reins lie there, the axle torn temone illic; radii fractarum rotarum in from the pole there ; the spokes of the broken wheels on hac parte; que vestigia laceri currus sunt this side; and fragments of the ruined chariot are sparsa late. At Phaethon, flamma populante scattered far and wide. But Pha'ethon, the flames consuming rutilos capillos, 320 volvitur in praeceps, que fertur his red locks, is rolled headlong, and is borne per aera longo tractu ; ut interdum stella^ through the air for a long distance ; as sometimes a star, etsi non ceoidit cle sereno caelo, potuit although it has not fallen from the serene heaven, may videri cecidisse. Quern maximus Eridanus seein to have fallen. Him the great Eridanus (the Po) excipit procul a patria diverse orbe, receives far off from his country in a diff^ereut region, que abluit spumantia ora. and ^cashes his foaming face. Hesperiae Naiades dant tunuilo corpora T'he Hesperian Naiads give to a tomb the body fnmantia trifida flamma; que signant saxum smoking with the three-pronged flame ; and mark the rock hoc carmine : " Hie Phaethon, auriga with this verse: ''Here Fhaethon, the charioteer I THE HELIADES. 73 paterni currus, est situs ; quem si of Ms father' s chariot, is buried; which although tenuit non, taiuen excidit magnus ausis/' he managed not, however he fell from great attempts.'' Nam miserabilis pater condiderat vultus obductos For his wretched father had hidden his face overspread aegro luctii ; 330 et, si modo credimiis. feriint with bitter sorrow ; and, if only we believe it, they say iiiium diem isse sine sole. lucendia praebebant one day passed icithout a sun. Fires afforded lumen ; que fiiit aliquis usus in illo malo. liglit ; and there was some help in that trouble. At Clymene, postquam dixit quaecumque fuerunt But Clymene, after she said whatever {things) were dicenda in tautis malis, lugubris et to be said in so great misfortunes, sorrowful and aniens, et laniata sinus, percensuit totum distracted, and tearing her bosom, traversed the whole orbem, que primo requirens exanimes artus, mox globe, and first seeking the lifeless limbs, then ossa, repperit tamen ossa condita peregrina the bones, she found however the bones buried on a foreign ripa, que incubuit loco, que perfudit bank, and she lay down on the place, and drenched lacrimis nomen lectum marmore, et fovit with tears the name read on the marble, and cherished aperto pectore. 340 Nee minus Heliades {it) with open breast. Nor less do the Heliades dant fletus et lacrimis, inania (his sisters) give forth lamentations and tears, vain munera morti ; et caesae pectora palmis, gifts to death; and beating their breasts with their palms, vocant nocte que die Phaethonta non auditurum they call by night and by day Pha'ethon not destined to hear miseras querelas, que asternuntur sepulcro. their sad complaints, and they lie on the sepulchre. 74 METAMORPHOSES— II. Luna implerat orbem quater, cornibus junctis; The Moon had filled her orh four times, with horns joined; illae dederant plangorem suo more, nam usus they had given a lamentation in their manner, for use quis Phaethusa, whom Pha'ethusa, fecerat morem : e had made custom : among sororum, questa est pedes of the sisters, complained that her feet vellet she wished cum ichen maxima the eldest diriguisse, had grown stiff, ad to quam whom procumbere terrae ; to lie down on the earth ; Candida Lampetie conata venire retenta est the fair Lampetie endeavored to come, {hut) was detained subita radice. 350 Tertia avellit frondes, cum by a sudden root. The third tears away leaves, when laniare crinem manibus. Haec to tear her hair with her hands. This one dolet crura teneri stipite, ilia complains that her legs are held in a trunk, pararet she tried sua bracchia fieri longos ramos. that her arms mirantur they wonder at are becoming long boughs ea, cortex complectitui that {one) Que dum And while those {things). embraces {their) uterum, the stomach, que and bark inguina, que per gradus ambit loins, and by degrees it encompasses humeros, que mauus ; et tantum the hands; and only exstabant. Quid icere left free. What can pectus, que numeros, que the breast, and the shoulders, and mat rem mother ora vocantia their mouths calling mater faciat? nisi eat hue the mother do f except to go hither ill am? et jungat herf and imprint licet? Est non satis; tentat she may? {T'his) is not enough; she attempts atque and quo impetus trahat where frenzy draws illuc, thither, oscula* dum kisses ichile avellere to tear away corpora truncis, et abrumpere teneros their bodies from the trunks^ and to break off the tender CYCNUS. 75 ramos mambus; 360 at sanguineae guttae manant houghs with her hands ; hut hloody drops flow inde, tamquam de vulnere. Quaeciimque est saucia thence, as if from a wound. Whichever is wounded clamat, ^^ Mater, parce, precor, nostrum corpus exclaims, '' mother, spare, I pray, my body laceratur in arbore ; que jam vale/^ Cortex is torn in the tree ; and now farewell." The bark venit in novissima verba. Inde lacriraae fluunt ; came over her last words. Thence tears flow ; que electra stillata sole de novis and the amber distilled by the sun from the new ramis rigesciint; quae lucidus amnis excipit, branches grows stiff; which the transparent river receives, et mittit gestanda Latinis nuribuSo and sends to be worn by Latin maidens. Cycnus, proles Sthenelia, adfuit huic monstro, Cycnus, sonof Sthenelus, was present at this prodigy, qui quamvis jimctus tibi a materno sanguine, who although joined to you through his mother's raxe, Phaethon, tan^on fuit propior mento. Ille, Phaethon, hoa\ ccr was nearer you in affection. He, relicto imperio, 370 nam rexerat populos having left his kingdom, for he had ruled the p)eoples et magnas urbes Ligurum, implerat querelis and great cities of theLigurians, filled with complaints virides ripas, que amnen Eridanuai, que the green banks, and the river Eridanus, (the Fo,) and silvam auctam sororibus ; cum viro vox est the wood increased by the sisters ; when his voice is tenuata, que canae plumae dissimulant ca])illos ; que enfeebled, and hoary feathers disguise his locks ; and longum collum porrigitur a pectore, que junctura along neck is extended from his breast, and a joining ligat rubentes digitos ; penna vestit (jweh) binds the reddening toes ; feathers clothe 76 METAMORPHOSES — II. latns, Ms side, Cycnus Cycnus OS tenet rostrum sine acumine : Jiis mouth holds a beak without a point: nova avis ; nee credit anew bird; hut he does not trust fit becomes caeloque to heaven se himself injuste missi unjustly sent lacus ; que lakes ; and contraria que and ab illo. him. bird ; Jovi, to Jupiter, Petit He seeks ut as memor mindful Ignis of the fire perosus hating stagna que patulos the ponds and tcide ignem 380 elegit flumina the fire he selects the rivers, flammis, quae colat. the very opposites of flames^ which he inhabits. Interea genitor Phaethontis squalidus, Meantime the father of Phaethon {ic as) in squalid garb, et ipse expers sui decoris^ qualis solet and himself void of his beauty, as he is accustomed ipse odit himself hates lucem, que se que diem ; the light, and himself and the day ; animum inluctus; et adjicit iram his mind to grief ; and adds anger negat officium mundo. ^^ Mea denies his service to the world. "My " fuit irrequieta satis ab principiis troublesome enough from the beginning esse, to be. quum deficit orbem, que when he is eclipsed, and que and he g\ luctibus, to his grief, J) que both dat 'ves up que and sors, lot,' inquit, says he, ''has been aevi, of time, sine icithout que and fine, end. piget Iain tired sine without actor um endured mi hi by me laborum of labors honore. Quilibet alter agat honor. Any other may drive lumina. Si est nemo currus portantes .^.^...c.. ^. ^ou x.^xxxv/, the chariot which carries the light. If there is no one, que omnes dei fatentur non posse, and all the gods confess (themselves) not to be able, 390 ipse agat; ut, dum ten tat himself (Jupiter) may drive ; that, while he tries THE HOUSE OF ENVY. 77 nostras habenas, ponat saltern aliquando my reins, he may lay aside at least for a time fulmina orbatura patres. Tunc the lightnings which bereave fathers. Then, having expertiis vires igni pedum equorum, experienced the strength of the flame footed horses, sciet qui rexerit illos non bene he will know {that he) who managed them unsuccessfully meruisse non necem/' Omnia numina circumstant deserved not death.'^ All the deities surround Solem dicentem talia : rogant supplice the Sun as he spoke such words: they entreat (him) with suppliant voce, neve velit inducere tenebras voice, {that) he may not wish to spread darkness rebus. Jupiter quoque excusat ignes missos, over the world, Jupiter also excuses the fires he had hurled, que regaliter addit minas precibus. Phoebus and imperiously adds threats to prayers. Phoebus coUigit equos amentes, et adhuc paventes collects the horses furious, and as yet tremhling terrore ; que domaus caedit stimulo with terror : and managing {them) he strikes themtcith the u^hip et verbere; 400enim saevit, que objectat et and wjith the lash ; for he rages, and reproaches and imputat natum illis. imputes his son (his son's death) to them. 760 Protinus petit tecta Invidiae, Immediately she (Minerva) seeks the abode of Envy, squalentia nigro tabo. Domus est abdita in filthy with black gore. Her house is hidden in imis vallibus antri, carens sole, non pervia the deepest recesses of a cave, icanting the sun^ not pervious ulH vento, tristis, et plenissima ignavi frigoris, to any wi?id^ dismal, and full of benumbing cold. et quae semper vacet igne, semper abuudet and which ever is void of fire, ever abounds 6 78 METAMORPHOSES — II. caligine. Ubi virago metuenda bello pervenit with darkness. When the heroine dreadful in war arrived habet does she hold it opened. vipereas, of vipers y visa neque enim nor indeed pulsat strikes hue, constitit ante doinum, here^ she stood before the house, fas succedere teetis, et right to enter the dwelling, and postes extrenia cuspide. Fores concussae the door-posts icith the point of her spear. The doors shaken patiiere. Videt Invidiam intus cdentem carnes JShe sees Ency within decouri/ig the flesh alimenta suorum vitiornni, 770 que the nourishment of her vices, and avertit oculos. At ilia surgit pigre being seen she turns away her eyes. But she rises heavily humo, que relinquit corpora seniesarum from the ground, and leaves the bodies of the half -devoured serpentum, que incedit inerti passu. Que serpents, and stalks on with an indolent pace. And ut vidit deani doeorani que forma que as soon as she saw the goddess beautiful both inform and armis, imgemuit, que duxit suspiria cultu in armory she groaned, and drew deep sighs at the appearance deae. Pallor sedet in ore, macies of the goddess. Paleness rests upon her couiitenance^ leanness recta, direct^ in in toto corpore, acies nusquam her whole body, her glances (are) never denies her teeth felle, 2cith gall J abest, is absent. livent rubiorine, pectora her breast vu'ent is green Risus Laughter movere are black icith tartar , lingua est suffusa veneno. her tongue is overspread with poison. nisi dolores visi unless the miseries {of men) seen may have caused quern, nee, excita vigilantibuscuris, fruitur some {laughter), nor, excited with loatchful cares, does she enjoy sorano, 780 sed videt ingratos successus hominum, sleep, but beholds icith sorrow the successes of men, THE HOUSE OF EXYY. 79 que intabescit videndo, que carpit, et and pines away at seeing thenij and she torments^ and una carpitur, que est suum at the same time she {herself) is tormented, and is her own supplicium. Tritonia quamvis oderit tamen punishment. Tritonia (Minerva), although s7ie hated her , yet adfata est illam breviter talibus dictis : " Infice addressed her briefly icith these icords: " Taint tiia tabe uiiara uatariun Cecropis : sic est with your poison one of the daughters of Cecr ops: so it is opus. Ea est Aglauros/' Haud locuta plura needful. That {one) is Aglaurus.'' Not saying more fugit et repulit tellureni hasta impressa. she fled and repelled the earth tcith her spear thrust against it. Ilia ceruens deam fugientem obliquo luniine, Envy gazing at the goddess fleeing, ^cith a side glance, dedit parva murmura^ que iudoluit suecessurum uttered a few murmurs, and grieved^ at the successes Miuervae. Que capit baculum, quod tortum of Minerva. And she takes her staff* ichich {as) a icreath vincula spiuea 790 cingebant, que adoperta atris bands of tJiorns encircled, and veiled with black nubibus^ quacumque ingreditur, proterit clouds, . wherever she goes, she tramples down floreutia arva, que exurit herbas, et carpit the flourishing flelds, and burns the grass, a7id plucks off sumraacacumina, que polluit populos, que urbes, the tops {of the flowers), and pollutes nations, and cities. que domos suo afflatu, et tandem conspicit and families icith her breath, and at length she descries arcem Tritonida, virentem ingeniis, the citadel of Tritonis, (of AX\\Qn?i,) flourishing in talents, opibus, et festa pace, que vix tenet lacrimas, in loealth, and in joyful peace, and scarce restrains her tears, quia cernit nil laerimabile. because she discerns nothing deserving tears. 80 METAMORPHOSES — II. Ubi Atlantiades cepit has poenas When the son of Atlas (Mercury) inflicted this punishment verborum que profanae mentis, linquit terras on her words and profane mind, dietas a Pallade, et ingreditiir named from Pallas, and enters peniiis. Genitor sevocat hunc ; wings. His father calls causam the cause meoriim of my delabere descend amoris, of his love, jussoriim, commands, pelle banish he leaves the land aethera jactatis the sky icith leaving nec fassus him apart ; and not having confessed ait, '' Nate, fide minister he says, "My son, faithful minister noram, que celer delay, and swift solito cursu ; que pete banc tellus, quae with your usual speed ; and seek this land, which suspicit tuam matrem a sinistra parte, looks up to your mother on the left side, 840 indigenae dicunt Sidonida nomine, que verte the natives call it Sidon hy name, and drive ad litora regale armentum, quod vides to the shore a royal herd, which you {will) see pasci procul montano gramine/^ Dixit : grazing at a distance on the mountain grass.'' He spoke : et juvenci jamdudum expulsi monte petunt and the bullocks long since driven from the mountain seek jussa litora; ubi filia magni the ordered shores ; where the daughter of the great comitata Tyriis virginibus, solebat ludere. Majestas attended by Tyrian mrgins, was accustomed to sport. Dignity regis, king, et amor conveniunt non bene, and love agree not well. sede. Gravitate sceptri abode. The dignity of the sceptre laid aside, que rector deum, cui dextra and ruler of the gods, ichose right hand trisul(MS ignibus, qui concutit orbem nutu, witii three-forked fires, who shakes the globe with a nod. nec raorantur in una nor tarry in one relicta, ille pater he, the father est armata is armed THE PvAPE OF EUROPA. 81 850 induitur faciem tauri ; que mixtus puts on the appearance of ahull; and mingled juvencis mugit, et formosus obamVjulat with the bullocks he lows, and beautiful walks ill teneris herbis. Quippe color est nivis, on the tender grass. For his color is (that) of snow, quam nee vestigia duri pedis calcavere, which neither the traces of a hard foot have trodden, nec aquaticus auster solvit. Colla exstant nor the watery south wind has melted. His neck stcells ton's ; palearia pendent armis ; cornua with muscles ; Msdeiolaps hang from his shoulders; Ids horns quidem parva ; sed quae posses contendere indeed were small ; but which you may assert were facta manu, que magis perlucida pura made by hand, and more transparent {than) the pure gemma. Nullae minae in fronte ; nec lumen gem. No threats on his forehead ; nor was his eye formidabile ; vultus habet pacem. Nata formidable ; his countenance expresses peace. The daughter. Agenore miratur quod tarn formosus, quod minetur of Agenor wonders that he is so beautiful, that he threatens nulla proelia. 860 Sed primo metuit contingere, no attack. But first she fears to touch him, quamvis mitem. Mox adit, et porrigit although mild. Soon she approaches, and reaches flores ad Candida ora. Amans gaudet ; et flowers to Ms white mouth. Loving he rejoices ; and dat oscula manibus, dum s]>erata voluptas gives kisses to her hands, until the hoped-for pleasure veniat. Ah ! vix, vix differt cetera. Et may come. Ah I hardly, hardly he puts off the rest. And nunc alludit, que exsultat in viridi herba ; now he plays, and skips on the green grass ; nunc deponit niveum latus in fulvis now lie lays down his snowy side in the yellow 82 METAMORPHC^ES— II. arenis; que mctu dempto paulatim, sand; and her fear being taken away yradaally, modo praebet pectora plaudenda at one time he yields his breast to be patted virgiDea manu; modo, corniia impedienda by the maiden's hand; at another, his horns encircled novis sertis. Reoia viro;o nescia tcith new garlands. The royal maiden, ignorant quern preraeret quoque ausa est cousidere ichom she pressed, eten dared to sit tergo tauri : 870 cum deus sensim ponit on the back of the bull: when the god by degrees places falsa vestigia pedum iu primis uudis, the deceitful hoofs of his feet in the first leaves, a terra que a sicco litore. lude from the earth a?id from the dry shore. Thence abit ulterius, que fert praedam per he departs farther, and bears his prey over aequora medii ponti. the surf ace of the middle sea (of the Mediterraneau Sea). Haec pavet, que ablata respicit relictum She trembles, and borne aicay looks back on the abandoned litus ; et teuet cornu dextra ; altera est shore; and holds a horn with her right {hand); the other is imposita dorse : tremulae vestes siuuautur p)laced on his back: her fluttering garments are tossed flamine. by the wind. THE SEABCH OP CADMUS. 83 BOOK III. Que jam deus, posita imagine A7id now the god, having laid aside the shape fallacis taiiri^ confessus erat se^ que teuebat of a deceitful hull, had corfessed himself and reached Dictaea rura. Cum pater ignarus the Dictean (Cretan) plains. Wlien her father, ignorant imperat Cad mo perquirere {of his daughter's fate), commands Cadmus to search for (Jiis raptam, et addit exilium poenam, sister) carried away, and threatens exile (as a) punishment, SI non iuvenerit pi us et sceleratus if he does not find her, {thus) pious and wicked eodem facto. Pererrato orbe, hy the same deed. Having wandered over the entire world, Ageuorides, profugus, vitat que patriam Agenorides (Cadmus), an exile, avoids both his country que iram parentis, enim quis possit deprendere and the anger of his parent, for tcho can detect furta Jovis? que supplex consulit the intrigues of Jupiter ? and suppliant he consults oracula Plioebi, et requirit, quae tellus the oracles of Phoehus, and inquires, what land sit habitanda. Phoebus ait, 10 " Bos occurret must he dwell in. Phoebus says, ^'A cow shall meet tibi in solis arvis, passa nullum you in the lonely fields, which has suffered no jugum, que immunis eurvi aratri. Hac yoke, and is free from the crooked plough. With her 84 METAMORPHOSES — III. diice, carpe vias; et qua herba requieverit as guide, choose the icay; and on ichat grass she rests , fac condas moenia^ que voeato ilia Boeotia." there build a citg, and call it Boeotian.'' Cadmus vix deseenderat bene Castalio Cadmus scarcely had descended well from the Cast alia ti antro, videt incustoditam juveneam ire cavern, (when) he sees an unguarded heifer going leute, gerentem imlluiii signuru servitii cervice. slowly, bearing no sign of slavery on her neck. Subsequitur, que legit vestigia presso He follows near, and pursues her footsteps icitli leisurely gressu^ que taciturnus adorat Phoebum^ auctorem step, and silently adores Phoebus, the author viae. Jam evaserat vada of the way. Already he had passed over the fords Cephisi que arva Panopes ; 20 bos stetit, of Cephisus and the fields of Panope ; the cow stood, et tollens speciosam frontem altis cornibus ad and raising her beautiful forehead with high horns to caelum, inpulit auras mugitibus. Atque heaven, filled the air with lowings. And ita respiciens comites sequentes sua terga, thus looking back on the attendants following behind, procubult, que summisit latus iu tenera she lay down, and reposed her side on the tender herba. Cadmus agit grates, que figit oscula grass. Cadmus gives thanks, and imprints kisses peregrinae terrae, et salutat ignotos montes ontheforeign land, and salutes the unknow?i mountains que agros. Erat faeturus sacra Jovi : and lands. He was about to make sacrifices to Jupiter : jubet ministros ire et petere undas, libaudas he orders servants togo and to seek water, tobe offered e vivis fontibus. from the living fountains. THE SEARCH OF CADMUS. 8o Vetus silva stabat, violata nulla securi, et in An old wood stoody touched by no axe, and in medio specus, densus virgis ac the middle (is) a cacern, thick icith twigs and vimine, 30 efficiens humilem arcum compagibus with osiers, forming a low arch by thejoints lapidum, fecundus uberibus aquis, of stones, abounding in plenty of waters, ubi anguis Martins erat eonditns antro, where a serpent, sacred to Mars, was hidden in the cave, pmesignis cristis et anro. Ocnli micaut adorned with crests and with gold. His eyes sparkle igne ; omne corpns tumet veneno, que tres with fire ; all his body swells with poison ^ and three linguae vibrant : dentes stant triplici ordine. tongues quicer : his teeth stand in triple order. Postquam profecti de Tyria gente After (the men) who had come from the Tyrian nation tetigere infausto gradu quern lucuiu, que urna touched with luckless step this grove, and the urti deraissa in undas dedit sonitum, caerulens serpens letdown into the waves gave a sound, the dark serpent extulit caput longo antro, que misit raised up his head from the deep cavern, and sent forth horrenda sibila. Urnae effluxere manibus, dreadful hisses. The urns dropped from their hands, que sanguis relinquit 40 corpus, et subitus and the blood leaves their bodies, and a sudden tremor occupat attonitas artus. Ille torquet trembling seizes their astonished limbs. He twists squamosos orbes volubilibus nexibus, et sinuatur his scaly spirals in rolling knots, and bends himself saltu in immensos arcus : ac erectus in by a bound into immense arches : and raised into leves aums plus media parte despicit the light air from below the middle part he looks down on 86 METAMORPHOSES — III. onine iiemus ; all the grove J que est tanto corpore quanto (uid 7i£is^ of as great body as qui separat genii nas Arctos, si spectes (tJiat serpent) whicli separates the tico Bears, if you see him totum. Nee mora, occupat Phoenieas, entire. Nor is there delay ^ he seizes the Phoenicians^ sive illi parabaiit tela sive ^chether they prepared icea pons {to defend themselves) or. fugam, sive timor ipseprohibebat {prepared for) flighty (or) ichetJier fear itself hindered utrnmque, iiecat Iios morsii, illos loiigis each, he destroys these in his mouth, those by his long complexibus, hos afflatos tabe funesti folds, some breathed on with pestilence of deadly veneni. poison. 50 Jam sol altissimiis feeerat exiguas umbras : Now the sun at its height made short shadows : natus Agenore miratur quae mora sit the son of Age nor iconders what delay keeps viros. Tegimen erat the men. His covering was telum laneea Jiis weapon (was) a lance sociis, que vestigat his associates, and he traces pellis direpta leoni, a skin torn from a lion , fer rro, et and jaculum, a dart. que and animus courage Ut intravit nemus, WJien lie entered the grovx. splendenti with shining point. praestantior onini telo. more excellent than any weapon vidit letata saic the lifeless liostem spatiosi corporis, lambentem with his huge body, licking que and victorem the victorious corpora, bodies. que and supra above (them) tristia the horrible "Fidissima ''Most faithful enemy vubiera iDounds sangumea with bloody corpora, bodies (of my comrades). imgua, tongue, ero I will be inquit, he says, aut either FIGHT WITH THE DRAGON. 87 ultor the avenger vestrae mortis aut comes." of your death or your companion {in that death).'' Dixit, que sustulit molarem He spoke, and lifted up a huge stone dextra 60 et misit magnum with his right {hand) • and hurled the great mass magno conamine. Ardua moenia foreiit mota cum with mighty effort. Lofty walls might he moved with celsis turribus illius impulsu, serpens mansit their high towers by its shock, hut the serpent remained sine vulnere. Defensus squamis modo without a wound. Defended with scales like loricae, et duritia atrae a coat of mail, and hy the hardness of the Mack pellis, repulit validos ictus cute. At skin, he repelled the strong blows hy his hide. But vincit non jaculum quoque eadem duritia, he overcomes not the dart also by the same hardness, quod constitit fixum medio curvamine lentae which stood fixed in the middle joint of the pliant spinae^ et descendit toto ferro in ilia. spine, and sank with the whole iron into his entrails. Ille, ferox dolore, retorsit caput in sua He, fierce with pain, writhed back his head on his terga, que adspexit vulnera, que momordit fixum back, and looked on the loounds, and bit the fixed hastile, 70 que ubi labefecit multa vi in spear, and when he loosened it by great force on omnem partem, eripuit id vix tergo ; every side, tore it with great exertion from tjte back; tamen ferrum haeret ossibus. Tum vero, however the iron cleaves to {his) bones. Then truly, postquam recens plaga accessit ad solitas iras, after a new toound increased his accustomed anger, guttura tumuerunt plenis venis ; que albida spuma his throat sioelled with full veins ; and a white foam 88 METAMORPHOSES — III. circumfluit pestiferos rictus ; que rasa terra flows round his poisonous jaws; and the scraped earth sonat squamis; que ni^er halitus, qui sounds with his scales ; and the black breath, which exit Stygio ore, iuficit vitiatas comes out from his Stygian mouth, infects the tainted herbas. Ipse modo cingitur spiris, facieutibus grass. He at one time rolls himself in coils, making inimeusum orbem ; interdum exstat rectior an immense circle : sometimes he stands out straighter longo trabe. Nuuc fertur vasto impete^ ceu than a long beam. Now he is borne icith vast force, as amuis concitus imbribus, 80 et proturbat obstantes a river urged by rains, and throws down the opposing silvas pectore. Ageuorides cedit paulura ; que woods icith his breast. Cadmus retires a little ; and sustinet iucursus spolio leonis ; sustains his attacks with the spoil of the lion (the lion's que retardat iustantia ora, skin, in place of a shield) ; and retards the advancing jaws, cuspide praetenta. I lie fur it, et the spear-point held before him. The serpent rages, and dat inania vubiera duro ferro ; que figit gives fruitless blows to the hard iron; and fixes {his) deutes in acumine ; que jam sanguis coeperat teeth on the point; and note the blood had begun manare veuenifero palato, et tinxerat to flow from Ids poisonous palate, and had tinged virides herbas adspergine ; sed vuluus erat the green grass with the spray ; but the wound teas leve, quia retrabebat se ab ictu, light, because he drew himself back from the blow, que dabat retro laesa colla ; que arcebat and threw back his loounded neck ; and prevented plagam sedere oedendo, nee the blow from sinking deep by giving way, and he did not THE FOUNmXG OF THEBES. 89 sinebat ire loiigius ; allow it to go farther ; 90 donee Agenorides, usque until Cadmus, still pressit ferrum conjectum in gutture, dura pressed the iron lodged in his throat, until et cervix and (his) neck Arbor curvata est 27ie tree was bent imae of the lowest sequens, following, quercus obstitit euuti retro, an oak opposed him going backward. fixa est pariter cum robore. icas pierced equally with the oak. poudere serpeutis, et gemuit sua by the weight of the serpent, and it groaned that its robora flagellari parte wood was lashed by the part caudae. tail (by the extremity of the tail). Duni victor cousiderat While the conqueror was considering victi hostis, vox subito audita est, of his vanquished enemy, a voice suddenly was heard, neque erat promptura coguoscere uude ; sed nor was it easy to know whence; but audita est : '' Quid, uate Agenore, it was heard: ''Why, son of Agenor, serpentem ? et spatium the size peremptum the destroyed serpens/' as a serpent.'' serpent f tu you Ille He dill long pariter equally gelido with cold viri. of the man, adest, spectas are you gazing at spectabere shall be seen pavidus perdiderat colorem fearful lost color 100 que comae rigebant and his hair stiffened terrore. Ecce, Pallas, fautrix terror. \ Behold, Pallas, the patron goddess delapsa per superas auras, glided down through the high air, cum with mente ; his mind que and jubet subponere vipereos dentes orders him to sow the viper's teeth and is present, raotae terrae, increment a futuri under the ploughed earth, the seeds of a future populi. people. 90 METAMORPHOSES — III. Paret, et ut patefecit siilcum presso He obeys, and when lie opened a trench with the pressed humi dentes on the ground the teeth mortalia semina. Tnde majiis fide, {as) mortal seeds. Then, beyond helief, aratro, spargit plough, he scatters jussos, as ordered, glaebae the clods que and prima the first sulcis. the trenches. liastae of a spear teo-mina acies point Mox Soon the coverings picto cono ; mox with a painted cone; soon bracchia onerata pectus, que que and and the arms loaded clipeata seges the shield-bearing crop solent surgere, are accustomed to rise, festis in the fe slide theatris, theatres. coe|)ere moveri ; began to be moved ; apparuit de appeared from capitum iiutantia of the heads nodding humeri qi the shoulders and breast, telis, 110 existunt, icith darts, stand out, virorum crescit. Sic signa of men increases. So figures ubi aulaea tolluntur ichen the curtains are raised up que ostendere vultus primum, cetera paulatim ; and to show the countenances first, the rest gradually; que iota, educta placido tenore, patent, and the whole, drawn out in gentle continuation, appear^ que ponunt pedes in and place their feet in Cadmus, territus novo lioste, parabat capere Cadmus, affrighted by the new enemy, prepared to take arma : unus de populo quem terra creaverat arms : one of the people whom the earth had produced exclamat, " Ne cape, nee insere te exclaims, ''Do not take arms, nor engage yourself civilibus bellis." Atqiie ita ferit unum de in civil war.'' And thus he strikes one of fratribus cominus rigido brothers hand-to-hand with the hard imo margine. the lowest edge {of the stage). terrigenis . his earth-born • THE FOFNDIXG OF THEBES, 91 ^nse; ipse cadit jacaio eminnsw im&rd; MmMlffattM vifA ajaw^Um {imrUd) fnam a diMimm€€^ 120 Qooqne, qui dcdent hone leto, vivit '^Uka ^tki^ mUc^ wk^ AadffU€m him U d^mtk^ U9€s Doo loi^as illo ; el expirat auras qnas ii#l l«af«r (tkmm^ ke ; mmd hrMtMMxmmt tkt air which accqperai mode. Que oninis tnrba forit \^ had rtt€i9€d «# rteeMtlg. Amd aU the cromd rages pari exemplo, que sobiti fnitres cadunt iA similar fashiam^ aitd the memijf-made brothers faU soo marte p»r mutoa volneia. Que jam bgthmr&mm straggUs bg mMtmml wamrnds, Amd ahrmdg juveotus stHtita s|)atioiii bievis the goMth mhith had beem aUotied the space ef a shari vitae, plaugebant sai^uiueam matrem trepido life, smaie their iiaod-staiMed mother miih tremMimg peetore, quinque snperstitiboSy nous qooram fait brea^^ fire being smrciMrifrs^ ame ef wham was EehioD. Is jeeit sua anna hamo, monitn EcAi^m, He cast his anms om the gr^mmd, bg adriee Tritonidis, que que periit que dedit fidem €f T^tamis(PMaLs), amd b&th samght amd game pledges firatemae pacts. Sidonins hospes affratermal peace. The Sidamiam stranger (Cftdnms) habuit boo comites operis, 130 enm poenit had these as c^mpamitifms ef his wark^ whem he bmUt urbem jas^m Phoebeis sortibosw the dig srdered Ay ApoHa's oracles. Jam Thefaae stabant: jam poteras, Cadme, J¥bw Thebes was stamdimg: mow gom coald, Cadmms^ videri felix exilio. Que 3»[ars que Venus seem happg im exHe. Both Jf*irs amd Vemms eoDtigerant soceri tibi. Adde hue hecamte paremts-im4aw to gom. Add to this genusy td natos^ que natas, et gomr ofsprin^, go mamg soms, amd damghters^ amd 92 METAMORPHOSES — III. nepotes, cara pignora de tauta conjiige. Hos grandchildren^ dear pledges from so great a wife. These qiioqiie jam juvenes. Sed scilicet ultima also now {are) young men. But, forsooth^ the last dies semper expectanda day (is) always to be expected dici beat lis ante to be called happy before funera. funeral rites. Nepos A grandson homini ; by man ; obitum his death que nemo debet and no one ought que and suprema the last fuit prima causa luctus tibi, Cadme, icas the first cause of grief to you, Cadmus, tot secundas res, que aliena cornua much good fortune^ and strange horns {were) satiatae sated inter among addita placed on his forehead, fronti, 140 que vos, canes, and bene, well, yoUy dogs, {were) herili sanguine. At si quaeras with {your) master's blood. But if you inquire invenies in illo crimen fortunae, non scelus. you icill find m him the fault of accident, not guilt. Enim quod scelus habebat error ? For what guilt had a mistake f (How can igno- Erat mons infectus ranee be deemed a crime?) There teas a mountain stained caede variarum ferarum, que jam dies iDith the slaughter of various icild beasts, and noic the day contraxerat medias umbras rerum, et sol had shortened the mid-day shadows, and the sun distabat ex aequo utraque meta ; cum Hyantius was distant equally from each goal; lohen the Hyantian juvenis compellat placido ore (Theban) youth accosts with gentle words operum, vagantes per devia lustra: "Comites, of his labors, wandering through pathless haunts: ''Companions^ lina que ferrum madent cruore ferarum, the nets and the spears are wet with the gore of icild beasts. participes the comrades ACTAEOX. 93 que dies habuit satis fortuiiae. 150 Cum altera and the day has yielded enough sport. When another Aurora invecta croceis rotis reducet Aurora (morn) home on saffron-colored wheels brings back lucem, repetamus propositum opus. Nunc the light y let us resume our proposed work. Now Phoebus distat idem utracjue terra, que find it Phoebus is distant equally from each land, and cleaves arva vaporibus. Sistite praesens opus, que the fields toith heat. Stop the present work, and tollite nodosa lina/' Faciunt jussa takeaway the knotted nets.'' They obey the commands viri, que intermittunt laborem. of the man, and discontinue the labor. Erat vallis, densa piceis et acuta There was a valley, thick with pitch trees and icith sharp cupressu, nominae Gargaphie, sacra succinctae cypress, by name Gargaphia, sacred to the girded Dianae, in cujus extremo recessu est nemorale Diana, in ivhose extreme depths is a woody antrum, laboratum nulla arte : natura simulaverat cave, lorought by no art : nature had imitated artem suo ingenio ; nam 160 duxerat nativum art by her skill; for she had formed a natural arcum vivo pumice et levibus tofis. arch with native pumice stone and loith light sandstones. Fons sonat a dextra, perlucidus tenui A fountain sounds on • the right, transparent with clear unda, incinctus gramineo margine patulos water, begirt with a grassy border at its wide hiatus. Hie dea sil varum, fessa venatu, openings. Here the goddess of the woods, toearied with hunting, solebat perfundere virgineos artus liquido was accustomed to bathe (he?') virgin limbs with the clear rore. Postquam subiit quo, tradidit jaculum, loafer. After she entered here, she delivered her dart, 7 94 METAMORPHOSES — III. que pharetram, que retentos arcus, uni nympharum, and quiver J and unstrung how, to one of the nymphs y armigerae ; altera subjecit bracchia pallae her armor-hearer ; another placed her arms under her cloak depositae; duae demiint vincla pedibus. when laid aside ; two take off the sandals from the feet. Nam Ismenis Crocale, doctior ill is, 170 colligit For Ismenian Crocale, more skilful {than) they, collects in nodiim capillos sparsos per colla, quamvis into a knot the locks scattered over her neck, although ipsa erat solutis. Que Nephele, que she herself was with loosened locks. And Nephele, and Hyale, que Rhanis, et Psecas, et Phiale, excipiunt Hyale, and Rhanis, and Fsecas, and Phiale, get laticem, que fiindunt capacibus urnis. Que dum water, and pour from large urns. And while Titania perluitur ibi solita lymplia, ecce Titania is hathing there with the accustomed water, lo! nepos Cadmi, parte laborum dilata, the grandson of Cadmus, part of his sport being deferred, errans per ignotum nemus non certis wandering through the unknown grove with uncertain passibus, pervenit in Incum : sic fata ferebant steps, arrives at the grove : thus the fates directed ilium. Simul qui intravit antra rorantia him. As soon as he entered the cave sprinkled fontibus, nymphae uudae siciit erant, hy fountains, the nymphs, naked as they were, percussere pectora viso viro, que implevere struck their breasts at the sight of a man, and filled omne nemus subitis ululatibus, 180 que all the grove with sudden shiHeks, and circumfnsae texere Dianam suis corporibus. pressing round they covered Diana with their bodies. Tamen dea ipsa est altior illis, que Hoioever the goddess herself is taller than they, and ACTA EON. 95 siipereminet omnes tenus collo. overtops all as far as the neck. esse nubibiis infectis ab ictu to he in the clouds dyed by the ray soil's^ aut purpureae aurorae sun, or of the purple viiltn Dianae Qui color solet What color is wont adversi of the opposite fiiit IS in aurora, the countenance of Diana stipata visae seen Sine without quamqnam although tamen yet ora surrounded adstitit stood retro : et and her face backioard ; sagi ttas pro m ptas, her arrows ready, liabuit, que perfndit she had, and sprinkled such was in veste. Quae, garments. She, turba suaruni comitum, icith a inuUitude of her attendants, in obliquuni latus, que flexit sideways, and turned ut vellet habuisse although she wished she had liausit aquas quas she took up the waters which SIC spargens sprinklijig haec these comas his head virileni vultum, the man's countenance, ultricibus undis, icith the vengeful water. 190 verba praenuntia futurae words prophetic of his future si poteras narrare, licet narres if you can tell, youmay tell that tibi velamine posito.'^ hy you with my clothing laid aside.'' que and addidit she added Nunc, cladis : destruction: ''Now, me visam / have been seen Nee minata plura, Not threatening more, cervi sparso stag to his sj}ri?ikled que cacuminat and she points vivacis of a lively collo, to his neck, mutat she exchanges longis cruribus, long legs, dat she gives capiti, dat she gives manus his hands et and cum for velat covers head, sum mas the tops pedibus, feet, cornua the horns spatium length aures, of his ears, bracchia his arms que and cum for corpus his body maculoso ^vith a spotted 96 METAMORPHOSES — III. vellere ; -fleece ; heros hero et and fugit, pavor fear additus est. was added. et and Jlees^ in ciirsu ipso, in running. et cornua in and horns in "Miseriiin me ! '^ ''Wretched me!'' Ingemuit ; ilia He groaned : that fluxeriint per flowed over mens mansit. Quid mind remained. What miratur wonders 200 Yero But unda, the water. se that he ut when nulla no erat he was vox voice Autoneius The Autoneian eel e rem sioift vultus his face dieturus, about to say, seciita est. followed. que lacriraae tarn is so vidit he saw (but) fuit vox was (all his) voice; and tears ora non sua. Tantum pristina a face not his. Only his former faciat ? can he do f Repetatne domum Shall he seek home et regalia tecta? an and the royal palace f or Timor impedit hoc. pudor Fear hinders this, shame lateat lie hidden Dum While illud. that. si 1 vis ? in the woods f dubitat, he hesitates. canes videre ; que the dogs see (him) ; and sagax Ichnobates, the sagacious Ichnobates, Ichnobates Gnossius, Melampus Melampus dederunt signa gave signs primus, first, que and latratu ; by barking ; Melampus Spartana Ichnobates (was) Gnossian (CretRn), JIela7npns from Spartan Inde alii ruunt Then the others rush aura, 210 Pamphagus, et wind, Pamjjhagus, and Arcades, Arcadians, trnx Theron cum Laelape, et Pterelas utilis the fierce Theron icith Lcelaps, and Pterelas excelling pedibus, et Agre naribus, que Hylaeus nuper in speed, and Agre in scent, and Hylaeus lately gente. breed. omnes all velocius rapida more swiftly than the rapid Dorceus, et Oribasus, Horceus, and Oribasus, que valens Nebrophonos, et and the strong Nobrophonos, and ACTAEOX 97 percussus ab fero a|)ro, que Xa{)e coneepta struck hy a fierce icild boar, and Xape conceited cle lupo, que Poemenis secuta pecudes, from a wolf, and Poemenis that had tended sheep, et Harpyia comitata duobus uatis, et and Harpyia accampanied by her tico sons, and Sicyonius Ladon gerens substricta ilia, et Sicyonian Ladon with slender body, and Dromas, et Canace, que Sticte, et Tigris, et Dramas, and Canace, and Sticte, and Tigris, and Alee, et Leucon niveis villis, et Asbolus Alee, and Leucon with snowy shag, and Asbolus atris, que praevalidus Lacou, et Aello with black, and the very strong Lacon, and Aello fortis cursu, 220 et Thous, et volux Lycisca brave in the course, and Thous, and swift Lycisca cum Cyprio fratre, et Harpalos distinctus with his Cyprian brother, and Harpalos distinguished nigrara frontera ab albo medio, et Melaueus, by a black forehead with a white spot, and JIalaneus, que Lachne hirsuta corpore, et Labros et Agriodus and Lachne hairy in body, and Labros and Agriodus nati Dictae patre sed Laeouide born from a Dictcean (Cretan) father but Laconian matre, et Hylaetor acutae vocis, que mother, and Hylaetor of sharp voice, and (others) quos est mora referre. Ea turba sequuntur which it is tedious to relate. That pack pursue cupidine praedae per ru})es, que scopulos, que from a desire for prey over rocks, and cliffs, and saxa carentia aditu, qua via est difficilis, que stones without access, tchere the way is difficult, and qua nulla via. Ille fngit per loea where {there is) no way. He flees through places quae seoutus fuerat saepe ; lieu, ipse fugit by which he had followed often; alas, he flees from 98 METAMORPHOSES — III. suos faraulos ! Libebat cliimare, 230 " Ego Ms own servants! Fain would he cry out, '*i sum Actaeon, cognosclte vestrum dominiim.'' am Actaeon, know your master." Verba desuiit animo. Aether resonat Words are wanting to his mind. The sky resounds latratibus. Melancliaetes fecit prima vulnera in with barkings. Melancltaetes made the first loounds in tergo, Tlieridamas proxima ; Oresitropbos l^aesit his hack. Theridamas the next ; Oresitrophos fastened in armo. Exierant tardius, sed via on his shoulder. These had gone out later, hut their loay anticipata est per compendia montis. Ulis was cut short hy near paths of the mountain. WJiile these retinentibus dominum, cetera turba coit, Jield their master, the rest of the pack comes together, que confert dentes in corpore. Jam loca and fasten their teeth in his body. Already room desunt vulneribus. Ille gemit, que habet sonum, is lacking for icounds. He groans, and gives a sound, etsi non hominis^ tamen quem cerv^us although not human, however {one) ichich a stag possit non edere ; que replet nota j^^g^ can not utter; and fills the well-known mountain tops maestis querelis, 240 et sup])lex pronis with mournful comj^laints, and supp)liant on hent genibus, que similis roganti, circumfert knees, and like (one) entreating, he turns round tacitos vultus, tamquam sua braccliia. At his silent looks, instead of his arms. But (his) comites ' ignari instigaut companions, ignvrant (of what had chanced), urge rapidum agmen solitis hortatibus, que quaerunt the fleet pack icith the accustomed cries, and seek Actaeona oculis, et certatim clamant Actaeon with their eyes, and emulously cry out for KAHCISSUS. 99 Actaeon veliit absentem — ille refert caput ad Actaeon as if absent — he bends back his head at nomen — et qneruntnr segnem abesse, the name — and they complain that he indolent is abstnt, nec capere spectacula praedae oblatae. and is not enjoying the sight of the prey offered. Quidem vellet abesse, sed adest ; Indeed fie might wish to be absent, but lie is present ; que vellet videre, non etiain sentire fera and he might wish to see, not also to feel the savage facta suorum canum. Circumstant undique; deeds of his own dogs. They stand round on every side ; que rostris mersis in corpose, 250 dilacerant arid their noses sunk in his body, they tear asunder dominum sub imagine falsi cervi. their master under the form of an imaginary stag. Erat inlimis fons, argenteus nitidis undis, There was a clear fountain, silvery with bright waters^ quern neque pastores, neque capellae pastae monte, ichich neither shepherds, nor she-goats fed on the mountain, ve aliud pecus, contigerant, quern nulla volucris, or other cattle, had touched, which no bird, 410 nec fera turbarat, nec ramus lapsus ab 710?' wild beast had disturbed, nor bough fallen from arbore. Erat gramen circa, quod proximus a tree. There icas grass around, ichich the neigfiboring humor alebat, que silva passura locum moisture nourished, and a wood which suffered the place tepescere nullo sole. Hie puer, lassus to grow warm by no sun. Here the boy (^aLveissns), fatigued with studio venandi et aestu, procubuit, his eagerness for hunting and- with heat, lay down, secutus que faciem loci que being charmed with both the appearance of the place and fontem. Que dum cupit sedare sitim, altera thefountain. And while he desires to allay his thirst, another 1 00 METAMORPHOSES — III. sitis crevit. Que dnm bibit, correptus imagine thirst increased. And ichlle he drinks, seized icith the image formae visae, of a form seen{v;\\\\ the reflection of liimself seen in the water), amat rem sine corpore, putat esse corpus, he loces a thing icitliout body, he thinks (that) to be a body, quod est umbra. Ipse adstupet sibi, que haeret which is a shade. lie is amazed at himself, and hangs immotus, eodem vultu ut signum formatum motiofiless, with the same expression as a statue formed e Pario marmore. 420 Positus humi, spectat (>/ Parian marble. Lying on the ground, he beholds sna lumina geminum sidas, et crines diguos liis own eyes a double constellation, and locks worthy of Baccho, et dignos Apolline, que impubes genas, et Bacchus, and worthy of Apollo, and youthful cheeks, and eburnea colla, que decus oris, et ruborem itory neck, and grace of countenance, and redness mixtum in niveo candore : que miratur cuneta mingled in a snowy whiteness: and he admires everything quibus ipse est mirabib's. Imprudens cupit by which he himself is admirable. Imprudently he desires se, et ipse qui probat himself, and the very one who approves is {the very one) probatur. Que dnm petit, petitnr, que pariter approved. And while he seeks, he is sought, and equally ineendit et ardet. Quotiens dedit irrita oseula inflames and burns. How often he gave useless kisses fallaci fonti ! Qnotiens mersit bracchia to the deceitful fountain! How often he plunged 7iis arms caj^tantia visnm colhim in medias aquas, nee catching at the visible neck into the midst of the waters, nor deprendit se in illis I 430 Xescit -quid videat, yet catches liimself in them! He knows not what he sees, sed uritur illo qnod videt, atqne idem hut he is consumed with that which he sees, and the same NARCISSUS. 101 error qui decipit oculos ineitat. Credule, error which deceives his eyes urges him on. Credulous (hoy), quid captas frustra fugacia simulacra? Quod petis why do youvainly catch at the fleet image? What you seek est nusquam : avertere, perdes quod amas. is nowhere : (only) turn away, and you will lose what you love. Ista est umbra repercussae imaginis quam cernis. That is the sJiade of the reflected image which you behold. Ista babet nil sui ; venit que tecum que That has nothing of its own ; it comes both icith you and manet : discedet tecum, si possis discedere. remains : it will depart with you, if you can depart. Non cura Cereris potest abstrabere ilium iude, non No regard for food can draw him thence, nor quietis ilium : sed fusus in {the want) of rest {can draw away) him : but stretched on opaca berba spectat meudacem formam inexpleto the thick grass he holds the deceitful form with unsated lumine^ 440 que ipse perit per suos oculos ; que eye, and he perishes by his own eyes ; and levatus paulum, tendens sua bracchia ad silvas lifted up a little, stretching his arms to the woods circumstantes, inquit, " lo, silvae ! ecquis St andAng around, he says, '^ Alas, woods I what {person) amavit crudelius ! Enim scitis, et fuistis has loved 7nore cruelly I For you know, and you have been opportuua latebra multis. Meministis a convenient hiding place to many. Do you remember ecquem in longo aevo, qui tabuerit sic, any one during as long a time, who has pined thus, cum tot saecula vestrae vitae agantur? Et though so many ages of your life have been spent? Both placet, et video : sed tameu invenio non quod it pleases, and I see {it) : but however I find not what que video, que placet ; tantus error tenet both I see, and what pleases ; so great an error possesses 102 METAMORPHOSES — III. amantem. Que quo doleain magis, nee one in love. And in order that I may grieve more, neither ingens^mare separat nos, nee via, nee monies, a great sea separates us, nor distance, nor mountains, nee moenia elausis portis. 450 Prohibimar exigua nor walls with dosed gates. We are hindered by a little aqua. Ipse eupit teneri. Naui quotiens water. He himself desires to he held. For as often as porrexinuis oscula liquidis lymphis, totiens hie I reach kisses to the liquid waters ad me resupino ore. to me with uplifted mouth. nititur leans posse tangi : est he could he touched : it is mmmium a X)ery little thing so often he Putes You would think obstat araantibus. the lovers. Quisquis es, Whoever you are, nor quoque amarunt even have loved exi come out ,9 quod which luic. hither. Ve Or opposes Quid, Why, quo whither unice puer, fallis me: precious hoy, do you deceive me\ abis petitus? Certe est do you depart when sought f Certainly it is forma nee aetas quam fugias; et nympliae form nor age which you should shun ; and " nymphs me. Promittis me. You promise nee mea neither my nescio quam I know not what mi hi amico to me with friendly bracchia tibi, my arms to you, risi, arrides : vultu, countenance. que and cum ego when I porrigis ultro : you reach yours too : saepe quoque notavi spem hope porrexi have reached cum when I have laughed, you laugh : often also I have marked tuas lacrimas, 460 me lacrimante; quoque remitiis your tears, when I icept ; also you send hack sigua nutu : et quantum suspicor motu signs hyanod: and as I suspect hy the motion form OS i oris, refers, verba non of your beautiful mouth, you utter words not isrARCiSBirs. 103 pe rvt: n le n t " :i n • : >t ris •;- ■;: :->, Sensi eg»> sa ni in te: n- mea imago &I)it mcL XJror £» f't^w .- A«w Q^'c/t^^ft wf' iimmg€ dsxt&utm wm, I mm €^m*mwHutd amc^e mei: que moveo que feno wUh the 1mm ^ wagmlf: mmd lejPtHm mmd Mar flammas. Quid £iciam? Boger^ anne rogem ? tAeJiam^^*, WAai am Itba^d^f SAaUIM adte^ m- *kan Im^f IMiide quid rogabo? Quod enpio est mccnin: Ukam mkat SkkaiMIa»kf Wlk&t IdM^re ik miikm^: c«^ia &cit me inopem. O otinam possem mhmmdamee hast mtodm wm 'fi«mr^ O tJhai Iwdght Im (Me secedane a nciglTO (sofpcNre! ATdlan tt§dtpHiri fr&m wng mem £#<%/ Iw^mMwisk (tkmi) qaod amamos ab^set : novQni Yotnm in amante I what I1at€ wmfMdtMamay: a 'mem miik im mlmerl Que jam dolco' adimit vires; nee longa Amd tkom fwwf takm ama§ mt§ stremgOk ; amd ma hmg temp>r^ 470 meae vitae snperant), qoe e^stin^vnor peri&d of my life rmmaimSy, amd lam extimymiduid in primo aevo; nee est; mors gravis mihi^ til mig first yamik; mmr i« death grieeams iame,, podlnrD dolores nic»te. Vellem nmee IxhaU lay aside my mrrams by death. I^amtd wi»h hie qui diligknr e^el dintnmior. Nnne this ame mha iM l&wed might he wtare laatimy^ M^ie {me} duo concDides moriemnr in una anima.^ Dixit, ct twa eameardamt »haM die im ame asndJ"' He sfpakey, amd male sanus rediil ad candem fiMRiem ; el imeame retmrmed ta the same ^nfieatmrn ; amd tnrfaavit aquas laerimis, qne laeo dietmrhed tike waters with teare„ amd as the water* moio forma ledditaest ohecnia. Cbm weremaeed^ the shape wasremdered ahsemre^ Whem vidis^el qnam aliire^ elaniavit : ^^Qno fiigis? he msw it depart^ he iJrttMimied : ^''Whither dayamjteef 104 METAMORPHOSES — III. Remane, nee, eradelis, desere me amantern. Liceat Turn hack, nor, cruel, abandon me your lover. Let me adspicere quod non est tangere, et praebere behold what it is impossible to touch, and to afford alimenta misero furori.'' 480 Que dum nourishment to my wretched madness.'' And while dolet, deduxit vestem ab summa ora, he grieves, he drew off^ his robe at the upper edge, que percussit nuda pectora marnioreis palmis. and struck his naked breast icith marble-like hands. Pectora percussa traxerunt tenuem ruborem, non The breast struck contracted a slight redness, not aliter quani poma soleut, quae, Candida otherwise than apples are accustomed, which, white parte, rubent parte ; aut ut uva nondum in a part, are red in a part ; or as the grape not yet niatura solet ducere purpureum colorem variis ripe is accustomed to contract a purple color in 'carious racemis. Quae simul adspexit rursus in clusters. Which (breast) as soon as he beheld again in liquefacta uuda, tulit non ulterius : sed, ut the liquid wave, he bore not further : but, as flavae cerae solent intabescere levi igne the yellow icax is accustomed to waste away by a slight fire ve matutinae pruinae sole tepente, sic attenuatus or the morning Jrosts when the sun is icarm, so blighted amore, 490 liquitur, et carpitur caeco igni. hy love, he is melted, and toasted by the secret fire. Et jam neque est color candore mixto rubori ; A)id now no longer is his color ichite mixed with red; nec vigor, et vires, et quae modo neither the\igor, and strength, and ichat lately visa placebant, nec corpus remanet, quod Echo when seen pleased, nor the body remained, which Echo quondam amaverat. Quae, tamen, quanivis irata formerly had loved. She, however, although angry NARCISSUS. 105 que memor, ut vidit, indoliiit ; que and mindful, when she saw him, grieved, and quotiens miserahilis puer dixerat, ^^ Elieu ! 'Miaec as of ten as the tor etched boy said, ''Alas!''' she iterabat resonis vocibus, ^^ Eheu ! ^^ Que cum repeated with resounding voice, '^ Alas I'' And when illepercusserat sues lacertos manibus, haec quoque lie struck his arms with his hands, she also reddebat euudem sbuituni plangoris. Haec fuit ultima returned the same sound of the blow. This was the last vox S])ectantis iu vmdam solitam : 500 " Heu, word (he spoke) gazing into the wave as usual : ''Alas, puer^ dilecte frustra!^' que locus remisit boy, beloved in vain I " and the place sent back totidem verba ; que dicto '' Vale ! ^' as many words; and ichen he said " Faretoell!'' Echo et iuquit ^^ Vale ! ^^ Hie submisit fessum Echo also says "Farewell! '' He laid his weary caput in viridi herba, nox claiidit lumiua head on the verdant grass, night closes his eyes mirautia formam domiui. Turn quoque admiring the beauty of their master. Tlien also spectabat se iu Stygia aqua, postquam he gazed on himself in the Stygian water, after receptus est iuferua sede. Naiades he was received in the lower regions. The Naiads, sorores plauxere, et posuere sectos capillos his sisters, b etc ailed him.; and consecrated their shorn locks fratri. Et Drvades plauxeruut ; to their brother. And the Dryads bewailed {hiin) ; Echo assonat plaugentibus. Et jam parabaut Echo resounds as they bewail. And now they prepared rogum, que quassas faces, que feretrum : corpus a pile, and shaken torches, and a bier : the body erat uusquam : 510 iuveuiuut croc^eum was nowhere {not to be found) : they find a saffron-colored 1 06 METAMO RPHOSES — ITIo florem pro corpore, albis foliis cingeiitibus flower instead of the body, with white leaves surrounding medium. the centre. Res cogiiita, attulerafc meritam famatii The matter when known, brought deserved fame vati per Achaidas to the i^rophet {TirQ&\?i?>) through the Achaian (Gremsin) urbes, que nomen auguris erat ingens. cities, and the name of the soothsayer teas great. Tameii, Pentheus^ Echionides^ unus ex omnibus However, Pentheus, son of Echion, alone of all contemptor superum, vspernit hunc^ que ridet despised the gods, and despises him, and laughs at praesaga verba senis, que objicit the prophetic words of the old man, and reproaches (him) tenel)ras et cladem ademptae lucis. for his blindness and the misfortune of (his) lost sight. Ille^ movens tempera, albeutia canis, ait, He, moving his head, ichite icith hoary hair, says, " Quam felix esses, si tu quoque fieres ''How happy might you be, if you also were orbus hujus luminis, ne videres Bacchica bereft of this light, lest you might see the Bacchian sacra ! Que jam dies aderit, que rites/ And presently the day will be at hand, and jam auguror baud esse procul, 520 qua now I prophesy it not to be far off, in which novus Liber, proles Semeleia, veniat hue. the new Bacchus, offspring of Semele, shall come hither. Nisi dignitatus fueris quem honore templorum, Unless you honor him with the homage of temples, lacer spargere mille locis, et you shall be torn and scattered in a thousand pieces, and foedabis silvas, que tuam matrem, que you shall pollute the woods, and your mother, and PENTHEUS. 107 sorores matris, sanguine. the sisters of your mother, with your blood. {These things) Evenient : enim neqne dignabere numen lionore, will happen : for you icill not dignify the deity icith honor, que qiiereris me vidisse nimium sub and you will complain that I have seen too much under his this darkness.'' dicentem tali a. saying such things. Xatus Eehione protnrbat TJte son of Echion drives him off Fides sequitiir dicta, que Confirmation folloics the words, and responsa the predictions ad est comes . que and vatis aguntur. of the prophet are fulfilled. agri fremiuit festis the lands roar with festive Turba ruunt, que que matres que The crowd rushes out, and both mothers and daughter s-in-Uuc Liber Bacchus ululatibus. cries. uurus que and ignota sacra. theunknown rites. mixtae viris, 530 mingled with the men, proceres feruntur ad nobles are borne along to ait, " Quis furor, says, " What madness. Mavortia, attonuit vestras mentes ? of Mars, has confused your minds ? aere valent tan turn, et tibia by brass avail so much, and a pipe vulgus que the common people and Pentlieus Pentheus anguigenae, proles descendants of the dragon, sons Aerane repulsa Do brasses beaten adunco cornu, icith a crooked horn, et magicae fraud and magic mota vino, voces, et uisania voices, and madness et and es, ut femineae deceits, that women's obsceni greges, et inania produced by tcine, and filthy crowds, and empty tympana, vincant quos non bellicus ensjs, non drums, overcome {those) ichoni not the icar sword, nor tuba, non agmina strictis telis, the trumpet, nor troops with drawn weapons, terruerit? Mirer vosne, senes, qui, have frightened 1 Shall Iivonder at you, old men, who^ 1 08 METAMORPHOSES — III. vecti per longa aeqiiora, posuistis Tyron, home across long seas, have placed a 7ieic Tyre, profugos penates bac hac sede, (your) exiled household gods here in this place, 540 nunc sinitis capi sine now do you permit yourselves to betaken icithout Marte? Vosne, O juvenes, acrior aetas, J/«rs (a battle) ? And you, young men, a sharper age, que propior nieae, qiios decebat tenere arma, and nearer to my own, whom it befitted to hold arms, lion thyrsos, que tegi galea, non not ivy sceptres, and to be covered with a helmet, not fronde? Precor, este memores qua stirpe icith a wreath f I pray you, be mindful from what stock sitis creati, que samite anirnos illius serpentis, you are born, and assume the spirit of that serpent, qui uniis perdidit niultos! lUe interiit pro which alone destroyed many! He p>erished for fontibus que lacu : at vos vincite pro vestra his fountain and lake: but do you conquer for your fania. Ille dedit fortes leto, vos pellite fame. He put the brave to death, you expel niolles, et retinete patriuni decus. Si the effeminate, and preserve your country's honor. If fata vetabant Tbebas stare din, utinani the fates forbid Thebes to stand long, I would, that torraenta que viri 550 diruerent moenia, que engines and men might pull down the walls, and ferrum que ignis sonareut ! Essemus iron and fire might sound ! ^ye should then he miseri sine crimine, que sors querenda, wretched without a crime, and our lot icould be to be lamented, non celanda, lacrimae carerent pudore. 7iot to be concealed, our tears would be free from shame. At nunc Tbebae oapientur a ineriTii puero, But now Thebes shall be taken by an unarmed boy. PEXTHETS. 109 quern neque bella, nee tela, nee usus equonim wh4fm neither wars, nor iceapans, nor the use of horses jovant, sed crinis madidus raiirra, que delight, but his hair (is) moist icith myrrh, and molles coronae, que purpura, que aurum {he has) soft crowns, and purple, and gold intextum pietis vestibus. Quem, quideni, interwoven in embroidered garments. Him, indeed, Gogam actutum, modo vos absistite, fateri I wHI compel forthwith, if only you stand away, to confess que assumptum patrem que commenta sacra, both his assumed father and fictitious rites. An est satis animi Acrisio contemnere vanum Is there enough spirit to Acrisius to despise the false 560 nuraen, et claudere Argolicas portas deify, and to shut the Argire gates venienti, advena terrebit Penthea against his approach, shall a stranger affright Pentheus cum totis Thebis? Ite citi, ite," — imperat with the whole of Tit the sf Go quick, go,'' — he commands hoc famulis — "que attrahite hue ducera this to the servants — *^and drag hither the leader vinctiim. S^nis mora abesto jussis." in chains. Let slow delay be wanting to my commands.'* Avus hunc dictis, His grandfather (Cadmus) (rebukes) him with words, Athamas hunc cetera turba suorum and Athamas and the rest of the crowd of his (friends) corripiunt hunc, que lalx)rant fnistra inhibere. rebuke him, and they strive in vain to restrain {him). Est acrior adnionitUy que retenta rabies He is all the more eager by their advice, and his checked rage irritatur et crescit, que remoramina ipsa is provoked and increases, and the obstructions themselves nocebant. Sic ego vidi tonrentem decurrere did him injury. Thus I have seen a flood rundown 8 1 10 METAMORPHOSES — III. lenius et modico strepitu, qua nil gently and with moderate noise, where nothing obstabat eunti : 570 at quacumque trabes que opposed it in its course : hut ichereier beams and obstructa saxa tenebant, ibat spumeus et fervens, piles of stones detained it, it went foaming and boiling, et saevior ab obice. Ecce ! and fiercer on account of the barrier. Lo ! redeunt cruentati, et neeant they {ih.^ ?>QY\diiiXi) return blood-stained, and they deny vidisse Bacchuni domino quaerenti that they haze seen Bacchus to their master inquiring ubi Bacchus esset. ^^ Tamen/' dixere : where Bacchus was. " Hoiceier,'' they said : " cepimus hunc comitem que famulum sacrorum/^ '' we hate taksn this attendant and servant of the rites,'' et tradunt manibus ligatis post terga. and they deliver him with hands bound, behind his back. Pentheus adspicit hunc ocuh's quos ira fecerat Pentheus beholds him with eyes which wrath had made tremendos ; et, quamquam vix differt tempora dreadful; and, although scarcely he puts off the time poenae, ait, '^ O periture, dature of punishment, he says, ** doomed wretch^ who will set documenta aliis tuaque 580 morte, ede tuum an example to others by your death, declare your nomen, que nomen parentum et patriam, que name, and the name of your parents and country, and cur frequentes sacra novi moris." Ille, vacuus why you frequent sacred rites of a neiD kind.'' He, void metu, dixit, '^ Xomen mihi est Acoetes, patria of fear, said, '' My ruune is Acoetes, my country Maeonia; parentes de humili plebe. Pater Maeonia ; my parents from the common people. My father reliquit mihi non ar^, quae duri juvenci left to me no lands, which hardy bullocks SAILORS CHANGED TO DOLPHINS. Ill colerent, ve lanigeros greges, iion ulla armenta, might tilly or wool-bear ing flocks, nor any htrds. Et ipse fiiit j>auper, que solebat decipere And he himself teas poor, and he used to deceive lino et hamis, et dueere salientes tnth the line and the hook, and to draw the leaping pisees calamo. Sua ars erat illo census. Cum fishes with the rod. His art was his estate. When traderet artein, dixit, ' Successor et heres he delivered the art, he said, 'As the successor and heir studii, accipe opes quas habeo.' 590 Que of my pursuit, receiue the riches which I huce.* And morieus ille reliquit nihil mi hi, praeter aquas. dying he left nothing to me, except waters. Possum apj^eilare hoc uuum paternum. Ego lean call this one thing my patrimony. I mox addidici flectere regimen carinae, by and by learned besides to bend the course of tTie ship, dextra moderante, ne Iiaererem with my right hand governing, that I might not be confined sem[>er in isdem scopulis, et notavi oculis always to the same rocks, and I marked with my eyes pluviale sidus Oleniae capellae, que the rainy constellation of the Olenian she-goat, and Taygeten, que Hvadas, que Arcton, que domos Taygete, and the Hyeides, and the Bear, and the quarters ventorum, et portus aptos puppibus. Petens of the winds, and the harbors fit for ships. Seeking Delon, applicor forte ad oras Diae Bel OS, I am directed by chance to the coast of the Bian telhiris, et adducor litora dextris remis, kindC^AXos), and am brought to the shore with right oars, que do leves saltus, que immittor udae arenae, and Igice a light leap, and alight on the wet sand, 600 ubi nox consumpta est Aurora coeperat primum when the night was spent, Aurora had begun first 112 METAMORPHOSES — III. rubescere : exsurgo, que admoneo inferre to redden : I rise up , and I order {my men) to bring in recentes latices, que monstro viam, quae ducat ad fresh water, and I point out the way^ lohich leads to undas. Ipse prospicio ab alto tumulo the waves. I myself lookout from a lofty hillock {to see) quid aura promittat mihi ; que voco comites, what the gale may promise to me ; and I call my companions, que repeto carinam. Opheltes, primus soci- and return to my ship. Opheltes, the first of my com- orum, inquit, ^ Eu, adsumus!' que nactus panions, says, * Lo, here we are I ' and having caught praedam^ ut ])utat, in deserto agro, ducit a prize, as he thinks, in the desert land, he leads puerum virgiuea forma per litora. Ille, gravis a hoy with girlish beauty along the shore. He, heavy mero que somno, videtur titubare, que with icine and loith sleep, seems to stumble, and vix sequi. Specto cultum que faciem^ que scarcely tofolloio. I examine his dress and face, and gradum ; 610 videbam nil ibi, qnod posset credi step ; 1 saic nothing there, lohich could be believed mortale. Et sensi, et dixi mortal. And I p)erceived {this fact), and said sociis, ' Dubito quod nurnen sit to my companions, 'I am in doubt what deity may be in isto eorpore ; sed numen est in isto corpore. in that body; but some deity is in that body. O, quisquis es, faveas que adsis nostris 0, iDhoever you are, may you favor and aid our laboribus ! quoque^ des veniam his ! ' labors! also, may you give pardon to these I' Dictys ait, ^ Mitte precari pro nobis !^ quo Dictys says, 'Do not pray for us ! ' than whom non alius ocior conscendere summas (Dictys) not another {teas) quicker to mfOunt the highest SAILORS CHAXGEB TO DOLPHINS. 113 antennas, que prenso rudente relabi. LIbys sailyards, and catching the rope to slip back. Libys probat hoc, flavus Melanthus, tiitela approoes this, the yellow -haired Melanthus, the tcatch prorae, hoc, Alcimedon hoc; oftheproic, {approves) this, Alcimedon (approves) this ; et Epopeus, hortator animonim, qui dabat aiid Epopeus, the cheerer of their spirits, icho gave que requiem que modum remis voce ; both rest and time to the oars by his voice ; 620 omnes alii hoc ; tain caeca est all the others {approve) tJiis ; so blind is cupido praedae. Dixi, ' Taraen, perpetiar their desire for booty. I said, 'However, Iicill endure non hanc pinum violari sacro pondere : not that this ship is injured by the sacred ic eight : maxima pars juris hie mihi.' Que the greatest part of right here {is) mine.' And obsisto in aditu. Lvcabas, audacissimus de I oppose them in the passage. Lycabas, most daring of omni numero, furit, qui, pulsus ab Tusca all the number, rages, w7io, expelled from a Tuscan urbe, luebat exsilium poenam pro dira city, suffered exile as a punishment for a dreadful caede. Dum resto, is rupit mi hi guttura murder. While I oppose, he seized my throat juvenili puo^no, et misisset excussum with his y out? ful fist, and icouldhave throicn {me) shaken off^ in aequora, si non haesissem, q nam vis amens, into the sea, if I had not grasped, although stunned, retentus in fune. Tmpia turba probat and held fast by a rope. The impious crowd approve factum. Tum denique Bacchus — 630 enim fuerat the deed. Then finally Bacchus — for ithadbeen Bacchus — veluti sopor solutus sit clamore, que Bacchus — as if sleep were broken by the cry, and 114 METAMORl>HOSES — 111. mero the icine sensus redeant a his senses returned from ait, ' Quid facitis ? says, * What are you doing? Dicite, iiautaej qua ope Tell me^ sailors, by what means Que paratis deferre me ? ' ^VJiither do you prepare to carry me aicay? ' dixit, ' Pone metura, et ede said, 'Lay aside your fear, and declare in pectora, into his breast, clamor ? is this noise f hue ? hither f Proreus The steersman Quis What perveni have I arrived quos portus what harbors velis you wish petita.' you seek.'' Naxon. to Naxos. contingere. Sistere terra to touch. You shall be placed in the land Liber ait, ^Advertite vestros cursus Bacchus says, ' Turn your course Ilia est mihi domus ; erit hospita home ; it icill be a hospitable que and That is my tellus vobis/ Fallaces jurant per mare la7id to you.' The deceitful men swear by the sea fore sic, que jubent that it shall be so, and they order pictae carinae. 640 Naxos per omnia numuia by all the deities me dare vela me to set sail erat dextera. was on the right. danti lintea setting sail toward demens ? Quis madman f What Pete laevam ! ' Goto the left!' pars susurrat part tcJiisper Obstupui, I icas amazed, moderamina,^ que the steering,' and on the painted ship. Quisque pro Every one for dextra, ^ Quid the right, ' What furor tenet insanity possesses Naxos se inquit mihi, himself says to me, facis, are you doing, te, Acoete ? you, Acoetes ? Maxima pars signifieat mihi nutu, The greatest part signify tome by nod, quid velit. tell at {they) icish. ^Alius capiat 'Another may take me ministerio myself from the office an re in my ear que dixi, and I said, removi / removed SAILORS CHANGED TO DOLPHINS. 115 sceleris que artis. Inerepor acunctis, of 'Wickedness and of my art. I am rebuked by all, que totum agmen immurmurat. E quibus and the whole band inurmiirs at me. Among them Aethalion ait, ^Scilicet omnis nostra salus est posita Aethalion says, ' Forsooth all our safety depends in te uno!' et ipse subit, que explet upon you alone ! ' and himself comes up, and undertakes meum opus, que relicta Naxos petit diversa my iDork, and leaving Naxos he seeks a different 650 Turn deus illudens, tamquam senserit direction. Then the god mocking, as if he perceived modo deniqne fraudem, prospectat pontum e 71010 finally the knavery, mews the ocean from adunca P^H^Pb ^^ similis flenti ait, the crooked stern, and like one iceeping says, ^Nautae, promisistis non liaec litora 'Sailors, you have promised not these shores mihi, non haec terra rogata est to me, not this land has been desired mihi. Quo facto merui by me. By what deed have I deserved poenam ? Quae gloria est vestra, si juvenes piniishment? What glory is yours, if you young men fallitis puerum, si multi unum ? ' Flebara deceive a boy, if many {deceive) one f ' Ihad tcept jamdudum. Impia manus ridet nostras for some time. The wicked band laughs at my lacrinias, et impellit aequora properantibus reniis. tears, and urges the sea with hastening oars. Nunc adjuro tibi per i|)snm, eniin deus est not Now I SIC ear to you by himself, for a god is not praesentior illo, me referre tibi tam more propitious than he, that I tell you things as vera, 660 quam majore fide veri. true, as they are greater {than) the belief of truth. 116 METAMORPHOSES — III. Piippis stetit aequore baud aliter qiiam si The ship stood in the ocean not otherwise than if teneret siccum navale. Illi admirantes perstant it icere in the dry dock. They wondering persevere in verbere remorum, que dedueunt vela, que in the stroke of the oars, and spread the sails, and tentant currere gemina ope. Hederae try to run 'by this extra assistance. Ivy irnpediunt reraos, que serpuut recurvo nexu, entangles the oars, and creeps with crooked twining, et distringuunt gravidis corymbis. Ipse, and hinds with heavy ivy -berries. He himself, circumdatus racemiferis uvis froutem, surrounded with cluster-hearing grapes on the forehead, agitat bastam velatam pampineis frondibus. Circa shakes a spear covered with leafy boughs. Around quern tigres, que inauia simulacra lyncum, que fera him tigers, and empty images of lynxes, and fierce corpora pictaruni pautberarum jacent. 670 Viri bodies of spotted paiithers lie. The men exsiluere ; sive insania sive timor fecit boc. leaped overboard ; either madness or fear caused this. Que Medou primus coepit nigrescere piuuis, And Medon first began to grow black icith fins, cor pore depresso, et incipit flecti his body was flattened and he begins to he bent curvamine spinae. Lycabas dixit buic, in the curvature of the spine. Ly cabas said to him, ^In quae miracula verteris?^ et lati 'Into lohat prodigy are you turning V and broad rictus et panda naris erat loquenti, que jaws and a crooked nose came as he spoke, and durata cutis trabebat squamam. At Libys vidit the hardened skin received scales. And libys saio manus resilire in breve spatium, dum vult his Jiands shrink into a small compass^ while he wishes PEXTHECS. 117 obvertere obstantes remos, et illas jam esse non to turn the resisting oars, and those now are not maniis, jam posse vocari pinnas. Alter, ciipiens hands, now can he called fins. Another, desiring dare bracchia ad intortos funes, 680 habuit to extend his arms to the twisted ropes, had iiou bracchia, que, repandiis, desiluit trunco not arms, and, lent hack, leaped with memherless corpore in undas. Xovissima cauda est falcata, body into the waces. The end of his tail is forked, qiialia comiia dimidiae lunae. Dant saltus undique like the horns of the half moon. They leap on every side que rorant multa adsi>ero:ine, que and he sprinkle {the ship) with plenteous spray, and emergiint iterura, que redeunt sub aequora rui^us, they emerge again, and return under the sea again, que luduut in sj>ecieiu chori, que jactant and sport in the appearance of a dance, and toss lasciva corpora, et efBant mare aeceptum t?ieir sportive hodies, and Mow out the water receiced patulis naribus. Solus reslabam de viginti tJi their wide nostrils. I alone remained, of twenty mode, enira ilia ratis ferebat tot. Deus lately, for that hark hore so many. The god firmat, pavidiim que gelidum tremente cor]>ore, encourages me, fearful and. cold with tremhling hody, que vix meum, dicens, ^Excute 690 metiim and scarcely myself, saying, * Shake off fear corde, que tene Diam/ Delatns in illam, from your heart, and turn to Dia.* Arriving there, aris accensis, frequento saora Bacchea/' at the altars kindled, I attend sacred {rites) of Baccttus.'' Pentheus inqiiit, " Praebuimus aures longis Pentheus says, " We have lent our ears to a long arabagibus, ita ut ira posset absumere vires story, 80 that anger might consume its strength 118 METAMORPHOSES — III. mora. Famuli, rapite praecipitem hinc, que by delay. Servants, hurry him headlong hence, and demittite corpore cruciata duris tormentis send down his body tortured by severe torments Stygiae nocti ! ^' Tyrrhenus Acoetes, protinus to Stygian night f The Tyrrhenian Acoetes, forthwith abstractiis, clauditur in solidis tectis, et dragged away, is shut up in a solid dungeon, and dum crudelia instrumenta jussae necis, que while the cruel instruments of the ordered death, both ferrum que ignes, parantur, fama est iron and fire, are prepared, the report spreads that fores patuisse sua sponte, 700 que the doors have opened of their own accord, and catenas, nuUo solvente, lapsas lacertis the chains, when no one loosed them, slipped from his arms sua sponte. of their own accord. Echionides perstat. Nee jam jubet Pentheus persists. Nor now does he order {others) ire, sed ipse vadit, ubi Cithaeron, electus to go, but himself goes, ichere Cithaeron, being selected ad facienda sacra, sonabat cantibus, for celebration of the sacred rites, resounded with songs, et clara voce Baccliantum. Ut acer cuid with the loud voice of the Bacchants. As a spirited equus fremit, cum bellicus tubicen dedit horse neighs, when the warlike trumpeter lias given signa canoro acre, que assumit amorem signals with the tuneful brass, and conceives the love pugnae, sic aether, ictus longis ululatibus, movit of battle, so the sky, struck icith long holdings, excited Penthea, et clangore audito, ira Pentheus, and, when the sound loas heard, his anger recanduit. kindled again. i>ENTHEUS. 119 Est campus spectabilis iindique, fere medio Thereis a plain visible on every side, nearly in the middle monte, purns ab arboribus^ silvis of the mountain, clear from trees, while the woods cingentibus ultima. 710 Hie mater prima encompassed the boundaries. Here his mother first videt ilium cernentem sacra profanis oculis, saiD him beholding the sacred rites icith prof ane eyes, prima concita est insano cursu, prima viola vit first was roused in a mad manner, first wounded suum Penthea, misso thyrso, clamavit, her Pentheus, having fiung her thyrsus, and cried, " lo, geminae sorores adeste ! Ille maximus aper, "Ho, my two sisters, come! That great boar, qui errat iu nostris agris, ille aper ferieiidus which strays in our lands, that boar must be struck mihi.'^ Omnis furens turba ruit in unum. by me.'' All the raging multitude rushes upon him alone. Ciinctae coeunt, que cunctae sequuutur jam All come together, and all follow him now trepidum^ jam loquentem verba minus violenta jam fearful, now speaking words less violent, now damnantem se, jam fatentem se peccasse. condemning himself, now confessing himself to have sinned. Tamen ille saucius dixit, ^^ Matertera 720 Autonoe, However he wounded said, ^' Aunt Autonoe, fer opem ! umbrae Actaeonis moveant animos ! ^' help me! let the shades of Actaeon move your heart!'' Ilia nescit quid Actaeon, que abstulit She knows not what Actaeon (is), and tears off dextram precanti ; altera lacerata est, his right hand as lie prayed ; tlie otlier was torn, Inoo raptu. Infelix habet non bracchia, seized by Ino. The unfortunate man has not arms, quae tendat matri ; sed membris which he may stretch to his mother ; but since his limbs I 1 20 METAMORPHOSES — III. disjectis, ostendens trunea corpora, nit : are being scattered, shrndng his maimed body, he says : " Mater, adspice ! ^^ Visis, Agave ulalavit, que '^Mother, behold.'^' WJien she saic it, Agave howled, and jactavit colla, que movit crineni per aera ; que tossed her neck, and shook her locks in the air ; and oomplexa avulsum caput crueutis digitis, she clasped and tore off his head icith bloody fingers, clamat, " lo, coniites, haec victoria est nostrum and cries, ''Ho, companions, this victory is our opus ! " Ventus rapit alta arbora frondes work/^^ The wind tears from a higJi tree Laces tactas autumno frigore, 730 que jaui haert^ntes touched by autumnal cold, and now clinging male, nou citius quam membra viri icith difficulty J not more quickly than the limbs of tht man disrepta sunt nefandis manibus. Ismenides were torn asunder by abominable hands. The Ismenian women mouitae talibus exemplis frequentant nova sacra, admonished by such examples frequent the new worship, que daut thura, que colunt sanctas ai-as- and give frankincense, and reverence the holy altai^s* DAUGHTERS OF MINYAS. 121 BOOK IV. At Minyeias^ Aldthoe, non censel But the daughter of Minyf^er themselves with a *tiM pectore, solvere vittas erinales, sumere orer the breast, tolo*>sen thefiUets of their hair^ t*> put serta coma, firondentes thyrsos manibnSy garland* on their hyet*^ leafy thgr*i in their hand*^ et vaticinatus erat irara laesi numinis and had prophesied the anger of the injured deity fore saevam. Qne matres que nnms w*yuld he severe. Both mother* and daughier*-4n-lam parent; 10 qne reponnnt telas^ qne calathos^ qne obey, and lag aside their meb*, and ba*ket*„ and infecta pen^, que dant thnra^ que vooaut unfinished ta*k*, and give frankincense, and they eaU on Bacehum, que Brominm^ qne Lyaeum, que Igwi- Bacchus, and Bromims, and Lyaeus, and the fire- 122 METAMORPHOSES — lY. genam, que satum iterum, que solum bimatrem. son, and the ticice-born, and the only one twice-mothered. Nyseus additur his^ que iudetonsus (The name) JS'y sens is added to these, and unshorn Thyoneus^ et genialis consitor uvae cum Thyoneus, and the genial planter of the grape with Leuaeo, que Xyctelius, que parens Eleleus, et Lenaeus, and Nyctelius, and father Eleleus, and lacclius, et Euhau^ et plurima uomiua praeterea, lacchus, and Evan, and many names besides, quae habes, Liber! per Graias gentes. which you have^ Bacchus! among the Grecian nations. Euim inconsumpta juventas tibi; tu aeteruus For unwasted youth (is) yours ; you are animmortal puer; tu conspiceris formosissimus alto caelo ; hoy; you are beheld most beautiful inthelofty heaven; virgiueum caput est tibi, cum astas sine a maiden's head • is yours, when you stand icithout cornibus ; 20 Oriens victus tibi usque ad horns; the East {was) conquered by you as far as qua decolor India tingitur extremo Gauge ; xchere tawny India is washed by the remotest Ganges; tu, venerande, maetas Penthea que you, worthy of reverence, struck Pentheus and bipenniferum Lycurgum, sacrilegos, que mittis axe-bearing Lycurgus, both sacrilegious, and sent Tyrrliena corpora in aequor. Tu premis colla the Tyrrhenian sailors into the sea. You press the necks bijuguni lyncum, insignia pictis frenis, of double-yoked lynxes, graced icith painted bridles, Bacchae que Satyri sequuntur, que senex, qui, Bacchants and Satyrs follow, and theoldnian, who, ebrius, sustinet ferula titubantes artus, et drunken, supports with a stick his tremhling limbs, and liaeret non fortiter pando asello. Quacumque sticks not firmly to his bending ass. WJierever MINYAS. 123 ingrederis, jiivenalis clamor, et una femineae voces, you go, a youthful shout, and also icomea's xoices, que tympana impiilsa palmis, 30 que concava and drums struck with tlieicomeri' s hands, and concave longo foramine. with its long hore. " adsis {that) ''you may he present, colunt jussa they celebrate the ordered solae intus, turbantes alone within^ disturbing Minerva, aut Minerva (work), either aera sonant, que buxus brasses sounds and the flute Is men ides rogant The Ismenian women ask miti.^ que and pac^tus que propitious and mild sacra. Minyeides rites. The daughters of Minyas festa i n t em pesti va the festivals with unseasonable ducunt lanas, aut versant stamina poUice, aut spin wool, or ticist the threads icith the thumb ^ or haerent telae, que urgent famulas laboribus. Una ply the web ^ and. keep tTte maid -servants at work. One quibus, doducens filum levi pollice of inquit, says, them drawing out the thread with light "Duni " ^hie thumb. aliae cessant, que frequentant others loiter, and frequent sacra, nos quoque, quas Pallas, melior rites, let us also, whom Pallas, a better coramenta these false dea, detinet, levemus utile opus manuum goddess, detains, lighten the useful irork of our hands vario sermone, que referamus 40 per vices, in with varied discourse, and relate in turn medium ad general {amusement) to quod non sinat which will not 'permit Sorores probant dicta, que The sisters approve the words, and narrare. Ilia cogitat quid referat e to tell a story . She thinks ichat she tcill relate out of relate vacuas our vacant tempora tJie time aures, ears, videri to seem jubent ask for aliquid sometJiing longa." long.'' primani her first 1 24 METAMORPHOSES — IV. miiltis, nam norat plurima, et est dubia many, for she knew 'cery many, and is doubtful narret de te, Babylonia Derceti, quam ichether to tell about you, Babylonian Dercetis, whom figura versa Palaestini credunt with shape changed the people of Palestine believe celebrasse stagna squamis velantibus to have frequented the ponds icith scales covering artns ; an magis nt illius fib'a, sumptis her limbs ; or rather how her daughter, taking pennis, egerit extremes annos in albis turribus ; icings, spent her last years in a white tower; an ut Xais 50 verterit juvenilia corpora in or how a Naiad changed youthful bodies into tacitos pisces, cantu que herbis nimium potentibus, dumb fishes, by song and by herbs too poicerful, donee passa est idem : an ut arbor, until she suffered the same herself : or how the tree, quae ferebat alba poma, nunc ferat nigra ichich used to bear lohite fruit, now bears black contactu sanguinis. Hoc placet; orsa by the stain of blood. This (fable) pleases her ; she began banc talibus modis, quoniam fabula est non this in the following loay, since the fable is not vulgaris, lana sequente sua fila. common, while the wool followed her threads. Pyramus et Thisbe, alter pulcherrimus . Pyramus and Thisbe, the one the handsomest juvenum, altera praelata puellis, quas of young men, the other pi^eferred to the girls ichich Oriens habuit, tenuere contiguas domos, ubi tJte East contained, lived in adjoining Jiouses, where Spmiramis dicitur cinxisse urbem coctilibus Semiramis is said to have surrounded her city icith brick muris. Vicinia fecit notitiam, que primos walls. Their nearness made acquaintance, and the first PYRAMUS A>D THISBE. 125 gradus ; 60 amor crevit tempore. Taedae steps (of intimacy) ; love grew by time. Marriage qiioque coissent j^^i'^^ sed patres also might have united them duly, hut their fathers vetnere. Ambo ardebant ex aequo captis meiitibus, forbade them. Both burned equally with inflamed minds, qiiod lion potnere vetare. Omnis coiiscins which they ic ere unable to forbid. Every person icho knows of it abest : loqiuiDtur nutu que signis, que quo is distant : they speak by nods and signs, and the magis tegitur, magis ignis aestuat more it is smothered, the more the fire rages tectus. Paries communis utrique domui ichen smothered. A wall common to each house fissus erat tenui rima, quam duxerat has been cleft with a, slender chink, which it had contracted olim, cum fieret. Amantes primi sensistis formerly, when it teas built. You lovers first perceived id vitium notatum nulli per longa saecula, — tJiat flaio remarked by none through many years, — quid amor non sensit? — et fecistis iter what does love not perceive? — and you made a passage voci ; 70 que blanditiae solebant transire for words ; and caressing words used to pass tutae ])er illud minimo murmure. Que ut safe through it with the least ichisper. And as constiterant^ Thisbe hinc, Pyramus illinc, t/iey stood, Thisbe on this side, Pyramus on that, anhelitus oris captatus fuerat saepe invicei:^! ; the breath of the mouth was caught often by turns ; dicebant, ^' Invide paries, quid obstas they said, *' Envious wall, why do you stand between amantibus? Quautum erat nt sineres lovers f How much was it, that you might permit iios jungi toto corpore? Aut si hoc us to be united with the whole body ? Or if this 9 1 26 METAMORPHOSES — IV. nimium, vel pateres ad oscula danda. is too much, at least you might he open for kisses to be given. Nec sumus iograti ; fatemur iios debere tibi ^or are we ungrateful ; we confess we owe to you quod transitus datiis est verbis ad arnicas that a passage has been given to words for friendly aiires/^ Locuti talia neqiiiquam diversa ears.'' Having spoken such things in vain in their respective sede, dixere sub noctem, *^Vale!^^ que places, they said at night, "Farewell/ " and 80 quisque dedere suae parti oscula non each gave to his own side kisses not pervenienta contra. arriving on the other side. Postera aurora removerat ignes nocturnos, The next morning had removed the fires of night, que sol siccaverat radiis herbas pruinosas ; and the sun had dried with his beams the grass hoary coiere ad solitum locum. {with dew) ; they came together to the usual place. Turn questi multa prius parvo murmure, Then having complained much first with low murmurs, statuunt ut teutent fallere custodes sub they resolve to try to deceive their guardians in silenti nocte^ que excedere foribus : que cum the silent night, and steal out of doors : and when exierint domo, relinquant quoque tecta they have gone out from home, to leave also the houses urbis ; neve sit errandum spatiantibus of the city ; and that they may not have to wander and roam lato arvo, conveniaut ad busta Nini, in the open fields, to meet at the sepulchre of Ninus, que lateant sub umbra arboris. and to conceal themselves under the shade of a tree. Arbor, ardua morus, erat ibi, uberrima Atree, a lofty mulberry, was there^ most fruitful PYRAMUS AND THISBE. 127 niveis pomis, 90 contermina gelido fonti. with snow-white apples, near a cool fountain. Pacta placent; et lux visa The arrangement suits them ; and; the light seeming decedere tarde, praecipitatur aqiiis, et nox to depart sloicly, goes doicn over the waters, and night surgit ab isdem aquis. Callida Thisbe, rises from the same icaters. The cunning Thisbe, versato cardine, egreditar per tenebras, que turning the hinge, goes out through the darkness, and fallit suos ; que adoperta vultum deceives her friends ; and icith a veil over her face pervenit ad tumulum, que sedit sub dicta arrives at the hillock, and sat under the appointed arbore. Amor faciebat audacem. Ecce ! leaena, tree. Love made her hold. Lo ! a lioness, oblita spuuiautes rictus recenti caede smeared over her foaming jaics by the fresh slaughter bourn, veiiit deposit ura sitini in imda of oxen, comes to quench thirst in the water vicini fontis. Quam Babylonia Thisbe of the ?ieighboring fountain. Which Babylonian Thisbe vidit procul ad radios lunae ; 100 et saw at a distance by the rays of the moon ; and fugit tiniido pede in obscurum antrum; que she fled with timid foot into a dark cave; and dum fugit, relinquit velamina lapsa tergo. while she flees, she leaves {her) veil which fell from her back. Ut saeva lea compescuit sitim multa When the cruel lioness quenched her thirst irith much unda, dum redit in silvas, laniavit water, while she returns into the woods, she tore cruentacO ore tenues amictus, inventos forte loith blood-stained mouth the thin veil, found by chance sine ipsa. Pyramus, egressus serins, vidit icithout {Thisbe) herself . Pyramus, going out later ^ saw 1 28 METAMORPHOSES — IV. certa vestigia ferae in alto pulvere, que the evident traces of a wild beast in the deep dust, and expalhiit toto ore. Vero ut repperit grew pale all over his countenance. But when he found vestem tinctam sanguine quoque, inquit, ^^ Una the garment tinged with blood also^ he says, " One nox perdet duos amantes ; e quibus ilia fuit 7iight shall destroy us tico lovers ; of whom she was dignissima longa vita : 110 nostra anima est the most worthy of long life : my soul is nocens. Ego peremi te, miseranda, qui guilty. I have destroyed you, lamented girl, who jussi venires nocte in loca plena commanded you to come by night into places full metus ; nee veni hue prior; O, quicumque of terror ; and I did not come hither first. 0, whatever leones habitatis sub hac rube, divellite nostrum lions dicell under this rock, tear asunder my corpus, et consumite scelerata viscera fero morsu ! body, and consume my guilty body with fierce jaws! Sed est timidi optare necem ! ^^ But 'it is {the part) of a cowardly (man) towisJi death!" Tollit velamina Thisbes, et fert secum He carries the veil of Thisbe, and takes (it) icith him ad umbram pactae arboris. Que ut to the shade of the appointed tree. And as dedit laerimas notae vesti, dedit oscula, he bestowed tears on the icell-known garment, he kissed it, inquit, '' Accipe nunc quoque haustus nostri and says, ''Receive noio also the draught of my sanguinis!'' Que demittit ferrum quo blood!'' And he sends the sword with which accinctus erat, in ilia. 120 Nee he had been girt into (his) bowels. Nor (was there) mora; morieus, traxit e ferventi vulnere. delay ; dying, he drew it from the glowing wound. PYRAMaS AND THISBE. 129 Ut jacuit resupiniis humo, criior As he lay supine on the ground, the gore em i eat alte, non aliter qnani en in spouts aloft, not otherwise than when plumbo vitiato fistula seinditur, et ejaeulatur louche thelead is spoiled and the pipe bursts, and shoots far tennes aquas strldente foramine, atqiie rumpit the liquid icaters from the hissing aperture, and cleaves aera ietihus. Arborei fetus vertuntur in the air icith blows. The tree's fruits are turned to atram facieni adspergiiie caedis ; que a black color from the sprinkling of the blood ; and radix madefaeta sanguine tingit pendentia the root moistened with the blood dyes the hanging mora puniceo colore. mulberries with a purple color. Ecee ! metu nonduni posito, ilia redit, ne Lo I fear not yet past, she returns, lest fallat amantem; que requirit juvenem she may disappoint her locer ; and she seeks the youth oculis que animo, 130 que gestit narrare with eyes and heart, and desires to tell him quanta perlcula vitarit. Que ut what great dangers she has escaped. And when cognovit locum et versara formani in she observed the place and the changed color on arbore, sic color porai fecit incertam, the tree^ thus the color of the fruit makes her uncertain, haeret an haec sit. Dum dubitat, she doubts if this is {the tree). While she hesitates, videt tremebunda membra pulsare cruentum solnm, she sees trembling limbs beating the bloody ground, que tulit pedem retro, que gerens ora pallidiora and draws her foot backward, and with looks paler bnxo, exborrnit, instar aequoris, quod than the box-wood, she trembled, like the ocean, which 130 METAMOKPHOSES — IV. cum sum mum tohen its surface stringitur exigua aura. is ruffled hy a gentle breeze. fremit trembles Sed postquam remorata cognovit suos amores, But after liamng delayed she recognized her lover^ lacertos claro plangore, arms with a loud sound., percutit she strikes indignos her innocent comas, her hair, que and amplexa amatum corpus, body, fletum sorrow gelidis his cold in on et laniata and tearing her hair, and embracing the beloved 140 supplevit vulnera Jacrimis que miscuit she filled the wounds with tears and mingled cruori, et figens oscula with his blood, and imprinting kisses vultibus, clamavit, " Pyrame, features, she cried, '' Py ramus, ademit te milii ? Pyrame, has taken you away from me f Pyramus, carissime Thisbe nomiuat te. Exaudi dearest Thisbe calls you. Hear, quis what casus calamity responde : tua ansioer : your que attoUe and raise jacentes your prostrate vultus.'^ face. ' ' morte, by death, erexit raised Pyramus Pyramus ad nomen at the name oculoSj jam his eyes, noio Thisbes, que of Thisbe, and gravatos weighed dovm ilia visa, recoudidit. Postquam quae cognovit after she teas seen, closed (them). After she recognized et suam vestem, et vidit ebur vacuum both her oicn garment, and saw the ivory without inquit, ^^Infelix, tua she says, '' Unfortunate, your amor perdidit te. Fortis man us est et love has destroyed you. A brave hand is also in hoc unum ; 150 et amor est : hie dabit for this one (thing) and love is mine: this will give ense, the sicord manus hand que and milii mine in for vires strength dicar shall he called vulnera. wounds. Persequar I icill follow extinctum, que your destruction, and miserrmia t?ie most wretched causa cause que and comes companion PYRAMUS AND THISBE. 131 till leti. Que qui poteras revelli a me, of your death. And you, who could he torn from me, heu ! morte sola, poteris revelli nee alas I by death alo?ie, shall he ahle to he torn not even morte. Tameu, O parentes, multum miseri, mei hy death. However, parents, "oery wretched, of mine que illius, estote roo:ati verbis amborum, ut and Ms, he entreated hy the words of hoth, that non iuvideatis componi eodem you may not refuse to place together in the same tumulo quos certus amor, quos novissima hora tomh {those) whom sure love, whom the latest hour junxit. At tu, arbor, quae mine tegis miserabile united. But you, tree, which now covers the pitiahle e'orpus unius ramis, mox es tectura hody of the one with {your) houghs, {and) soon are ahout to cover (luorum, 160 tene signa caedis, {those) of the two, retain marks of the slaughter, que semper habe fetus pullos et aptos luctibus, and always have fruit hlack and fit for mourning, monumenta gemini cruoris ! '^ Dixit; et the memorials of our douhle death!'' She spoke ; and mucroue aptato sub imum pectus, the hlade being fitted under tJie loicest part of her breast, incubuit ferro, quod adhuc tepebat a she fell on the iron, which still was warm from caede. Tamen, vota tetigere deos, the slaughter.* However, the wishes touched the gods, tetigere parentes. Quam ater color est in porno, touched the parents. For a hlack color is in the berry, ubi permaturuit; que quod superest when it has ripened ; and what remains rogis requiescit in una urna. from the funeral piles rests in one urn. Finis erat dictis. Et adhiic proles Minyeia An end teas to the stories. And yet the daughter of 3finy as 132 METAMORPHOSES — IV. 390 urguet opus, que spernit deum, que profanat presses the icork, and despises the god, and profanes festum ; cum tympaua non apparentia the festive (day); ichen the drums unseen obstrepuere subito raucis sonis, et tibia rattled suddenly icith hoarse sounds, and the pipe aduuco cornu, que tinnula aera sonant. Que witli the crooked horn, and tinkling brasses sound. Both myrrhae que croci redolent ; que res major onyrrh and saffron-jloicers shed odors; and a thing greater fide, telae coepere virescere, que pendens (than) belief, the webs began to grow green, and the hanging vestis frondescere in faciem hederae. Pars abit cloth to grow verdant into the form of ivy. Part changes in vites, et quae modo fuerunt fila mutantur into mnes, and what lately were threads are changed palmite ; pampinus exit de stamine ; into^ vine-branches ; a vine-leaf springs from the warp; purpura accommodat fulgorem pictis uvis. the purple lends brightness to the painted grapes. Que jam dies exactus erat, que tern pus subibat And now the day was past, and the time was past 400 quod tu posses dicere nee tenebras nee lucem ; ichich you could call neither darkness nor light; sed taraen confinia dubiae noctis cum luce. but yet the confines of dubious night icith day. Tecta videntur quati repente, jcjue pingues The house seems to be shaken suddenly, and the oily lampades ardere, et aedes collucere rutilis ignibus, torches to blaze, and the house to shine with ruddy fires, que falsa simulacra saevarum ferarum ululare. and false images of cruel beasts to howl. Sorores latitant jamdudum per fumida tecta, The sisters hide themselves now through the smoking house, que diversae locis vitant ignes ac lumina. Que and in different places avoid the fires and the lights. And I THE DAUGHTERS OF MIXYAS. 133 dum petiint latehras, meml:)i'ana porrigitur per while they seek hiding-places, a membrane is extended over parvos artus, queineludit bracchia teniii pinna. their little limbs, and covers their arms with thin feathers. Nec tenebrae sinunt scire qua ratione Nor does the darkness permit them to know in what manner perdiderint veterem figurara. 410 Pluma levavit they have lost their former shape. Feathers lifted illas non ; tamen sustinnere se perlucentibus them not; but they supported themselves icith transparent alis, que conatae loqui, emittunt minimam icings, and endeavoring to speak, they send forth a very small vocem pro corpore, que peragunt leves voice in proportion to their body, and express their low querelas stridore. Que celebrant tecta, non complaints with a squeak. And they frequent houses, not silvas. Que porosae lucem, volant nocte, que woods. And hating the light, they fly by night, and trahunt nomen a sero vespere. derive their name from the late evening. Turn vero numen Bacchi erat memorabile Then truly the deity of Bacchus was found totis Thebis ; que matertera narrat magnas in the whole of Thebes ; and his aunt relates the great vires novi dei ubique, que de tot power of the new god everywhere, and out of so many sororibus una erat expers doloris, nisi quern sisters she alone was free of grief, except that which sorores fecere. 420 Juno adspicit banc habentem her sisters occasioned. Juno beholds her with sublimes animos natis, que thalamo an exultant spirit in her children, and in her alliance Athamantis, et numiue alumni, nee witJi Athamas, and in the deity Jier foster-child, and did not tuHt ; et secum, " Potuit natus pellice bear it; and (says) to herself '^ Could a son ofaynistress 1 34 METAMORPHOSES — IV. vertere Mae(3nios nautas, que immergere transform the Maeonian sailors, and plunge them pelago, et dare viscera nati laceranda in the ocean, and give the body of the son to he torn suae matri, et operire triplices Minyeidas hy his another, and cover the three Minyeides novis alis ? . Juno poterit nil, nisi with new icings? shall Juno be able (to do) nothing, except flere inultos dolores?qiie est id satis to lament these unrevenged griefs? and is that enough mihi ? est haec una potentia nostra? Ipse forme? is this single power mine? He himself docet quid agam ; est fas doceri et teaches ivhat Imay do ; it is right to be taught even ab hoste ; que ostendit que satis ac super by an enemy ; and he shows both sufficiently and more quid furor valeat oaede Penthea. 430 Cur what fury may avail by the slaughter of Pentheus. Wliy non Ino stimuletur, que eat per exempla should not Ino be goaded, and submit to an example cognata suis furoribus?^^ like to her own ravings (akin to that of lier sisters) ? " Est declivis via, nubila funesta taxo, There is a steep tcay, gloomy by a funereal yeic, ducit ad infernas sedes per muta silentia. {which) leads to the infernal abodes through speechless silence. Iners Styx exlialat nebulas, que recentes The sluggish Styx exhales mists, and new-made umbrae que simulacra functa sepulcris descendunt ghosts and images having left their sepulchres descend iliac. Pallor que hiems tenent senta loca that way. Horror and icinter possess the dreary places late; que novi manes ignorant qua iter far and icicle ; and new ghosts know not ichere the way sit quod ducit ad Stygiam urbem, ubi fera is which leads to the Stygian city, where the fierce TAKTARUS. 135 regia nigri Ditis sit. Capax urbs habet palace of black Pluto is. The capacious city has raille aditus, et portas apertas undique. a thousand approaches, and gates opened on every side. 440 Que ut fretuni flumiiia de tota And as a gulf {receives) rivers from a ichole terra, sic ille locus aecipit omnes animas, nee land, so that place receices all souls, nor est exigmis nlli popiilo, ve sentit turbam is it small for any people, or perceives the crowd accedere. Umbrae erant exsangiies, sine corpore increasing. The shades icere bloodlesSj icithout body et ossibus, que pars celebrant forum, pars and bones, and part frequent the forurn^ part tecta imi tyranni, pars exercent alias the palace of the infernal ruler, part pursue various artes, iraitamina antiquae vitae. Saturnia callings^ in imitation of their former life. Saturnian Juno relicta caelesti sede, sustinet ire JunOj leaving her heavenly abode, submits to go illuc, tantum dabat odiis que irae. thither, so much she yielded to lier hatred and anger. Quo, simul intravit, que limen ])ressum There, as soon as she entered, and the threshold pressed a sacro corpore ingemuit, 450 Cerberus extulit by her sacred body sounded, Cerberus raised tria ora, et edidit tres latratus his three mouths, and sent forth three barks simul. Ilia vocat sorores genitas nocte, at the same time. She calls the sisters begotten of night, grave et implacabile numeu. Sedebant ante severe and implacable deities. They sat before fores carceris, clausas adamante, que pectebant the doors of the prison, shut with adamant, and combed atros angues de suis crinibiis. Simul deae black snakes from their hair. As soon as the goddesses ■ 136 METAMORPHOSES — IV. agnorunt quam inter umbras caliginis recognized her among the shades of darkness^ surrexere. Vocatur Scelerata sedes. they arose. It is called the "accursed'' abode. Tityos praebebat viscera lanianda, que Tityus yielded his entrails to he torn, and distractus erat no vera jugeribus. Tantale, nullae was stretched over nine acres. 2\mtalus, no aquae deprenduntur tibi; que arbor, quae iraminet, waters are reached by you; and the tree, which overhangs, eflfugit. 460 Sisyphe, aut petis, aut urges saxuni escapes you. Sisyphus, either you seek, or push the stone ruituruni. Ixion volvitur, et que sequitur destined to fall again. Ixion is whirled, and both folloios que fugit se, que Belides ansae and escapes himself, and the daughters of Belus having dared moliri letum suis patruelibus, assiduae repetunt to plot death for their cousins, constantly seek undas, quas perdunt. Postquam Saturnia vidit the loater, which they lose. After Saturnia saw omnes quos torva acie, et Ixiona ante omnes, all these icith stern sight, and Ixion before all, rursus adspieiens Sisyphon ab illo, inquit, again beholding Sisyphus after him, she says, '' Cur hie patitur perpetuas poenas e "Why does this man suffer constant punishment alone fratribus? Dives regia habet superbum of his brothers? WJiy does arich palace hold the proud Athamanta, qui cum conjuge semper sprevit me?^' Athamas, who tcith his wife alicays has despised me?'' et exponit causas que odii que viae, and she explains the reasons both of her hatred and journey, 470 que quid velit. Quod vellet erat, regia and what she wishes. What she wished was, that the palace Cad mi ne staret, et sorores traherent of Cadmus might not stand, and the sisters might draw TARTARUS. 137 Athamanta in facinus. Confiindit in ununi Athamas into crime. She mingles together imperium, proniissa, preces, que sollicitat deas. authority, promises and prayers, and solicits the goddesses. Junone locuta haec sic, Tisiphone, turbata After Juno spoke these (words) thuSj Tisiphone, disturbed ut erat, movit canos capillos^ et rejecit as she was, shook her hoary locks, and cast back obstantes colubras ab ore, atque iiiquit ita, the opposing snakes from her face, and speaks thus, '' Est noD opus loDgis ambagibus. Puta facta ''There is no need of a long story. Think as done quaecumque jubes, desere inamabile regnum, ■whatever you command, leave this unlovely kingdom, que refer te ad auras melioris caeli/^ and go back to the air of a better heaven.'' Juno redit laeta. 480 Thaumantias Iris Juno returns joyful. The daughter of Thaumas, Iris, lustravit quam^ parautem intrare caelum, roratis purified her, preparing to enter heaven, with sprinkled aquis. Xec mora ; importuna Tisiphoue sumit icaters. Xor (is there) delay ; crutl Tisiphone takes facem madefactam sanguine, que iuduitur pallam a torch moistened with blood, and she puts on a robe rubentem fliiido cruore, que incingitur torto red with liquid gore, and is girt with twisted angua, que egreditur domo. Luctus, et snakes, and she goes out from her abode. Grief, and Pavor, et Terror, que Insania trepido vultu, Fright, and Terror, and Madness with fearful countenance, comitantur euutem. Coustitemt limine : attend her as she goes. She stood on the threshold: Aeolii postes feruntur trenuiisse ; que the Aeolian door-posts are said to hate trembled; and pallor infecit aceruas fores, que sol fugit paleness dyed the maple doors, and the sun fl^ed from 138 METAMORPHOSES — IV. locum. Coiijuiix exterrita monstris, the place. {His) wife was frightened hy the prodigies, Athamas territiis est. Que parabant (and) Athamas (too) teas frightened. And they prepared exire tecto. 490 Infelix Eriuvs to go out from the house. The baneful Erinys (Fury) obstitit, que obsedit aditum, que opposed, and beset the entrance^ and distendens bracchia nexa vipereis nodis, stretching out her arms bound in snaky knots, exciissit eaesariem. Motae colubrae souuere; she shook her locks. The shake 7i snakes soun^ded ; que pars jacens humeris, pars lapsae circum and apart lying on her shoulders, part gliding about terapora, dant sibila, que vomunt saniem, que her temples, give Jiisses, and emit gore, and coruscant linguas. Inde abrumpit duos angnes dart forth their tongues. Then she tears two snakes medus orinibus, que immisit raptos from the middle of Jier hair, and flung them snatched pestifera mauu. At ilia pererrant que sinus with deadly hand. But they creep through both breasts Inoos que Atbamanteos, que inspimnt graves of Ifio and Athamas, and inspire their heavy auimas. Xec ferunt ulla vulnera membris; souls. But they do not inflict any ivounds on the li?nbs ; est mens quae sentiat diros ictus. it is the mind which feels the dreadful blows. 500 Attulerat quoque secum monstra liquid! She had brought also with her jnonsters of liquid veneni, spumas Cerberei oris, et virus poison, the froth of Cerberus' mouth, and the venom Echidnae, que vagos errores, que oblivia of Echidna, and the vague wanderings, and oblivion caecae mentis, et scelus, et lacrimas, et rabiera, of a blind mind, and guilt, and tears, and fury, ATHAMAS. 139 simul, quae together, ucJiich et amorem caedis, omnia trita and the love of daughter, all mixed mixta recenti sanguine, coxerat cavo acre, mingled with fresh blood, she had boiled i?i hollow brass, versata viridi circuta. Que dum illi pavent, mixed icith green hemlock. And ichile they trenibUy vertit furiale veuenum in pectus amborum, she throws the maddening poison into the breasts ofboth^ que and movit intima praecordia. Turn moved the inmost vitals. Then jactata saepius per eundem orbem, waved repeatedly through the same circle^ face with a torch consequitur she raises ignes^ motos velociter ignibus. 510 Sic victrix fires, kindled quickly by fire. Thus victorious potens j^issi, redit ad having executed the order, she returns to que and inania the empty regna kingdoms que and recingitur takes off media she returns raagni Ditis ] of the great Pluto ; anguem su m ])tum. the snakes which she had prit on. Aeolides proti'ms furibundus clamat in Athamas immedlntehj raging cries out in themiddleof aula, " To ! comites, pandite retia his ''Ho! companions, spread your nets in these leaena visa est modo a lioness was seen lately Que And ut ferae, as of a wild beast, et tendentum a7id stretching matris, et of his mother, and ter per auras more fundae, que ferox discutit thrice through the air like a sling, and fiercely dasher the hall, silvis ! woods ! prole." young ones. eonjugis, of his wife, ridentem laughing sinu the bosom mi In by me cum tcith two aniens, mad. sequitur he follows que and rapit snatches parva his little rotat whirls vestigia the footsteps Learchum, Learchus, bncchia de ar7ns from bis que him twice and 1 40 METAMORPHOSES — IV. infantia ossa rigido saxo. Turn denlque the infant form on the hard rock. Then finally mater concita exululat, 520 sen dolor fecit the mother being roused howls, whether grief did hoc, seu causa sparsi veneni, que this, or the reason was the scattered poison, and male sana fugit passis capillis. Que ferens insane she flees with dishevelled locks. And hearing te, Melicerta, jiarvum, nudis lacertis, you, Melicertes, a little {one), in her hare arms, sonat, ^^Eulioe, Bacclie!^^ Juno risit sub nomine she cries, '^ Edoe^ Bacchus!'^ Juno laughs at the name Bacchi ; et dixit, ^'Alumnus praestet of Bacchus ; and said, *•' May your foster-child perform hoc usus tibi." this good turn for you.'' Scopulus imminet aequoribus, ima pars A cliff overhangs the sea, the lowest part cavatur fluctibus, et defendit tectas undas is hollowed hy the hilloics, and defends the covered waves ab imbribus; summa riget, que porrigit frontem from the rains ; the top is hard, and extends its front in . apertum aequor. Ino occupat hunc ; insania into the open sea. Ino gains this {cliff); madness fecerat vires, que tardata nullo timore, 530mittit gave her strength, and delayed hy no fear, flings se que suum onus super pontum ; unda percussa herself and her hurden upon the deep; the icave struck recanduit. At Venus miserata labores immeritae ichitened. But Venus p^Y^^/?^ thetrouhles of her innocent neptis, sic blandita est suo patruo : grand-daughter, thus softly addressed her uncle : "Onumen aquarum, Neptune, cui potestas '^ Deity of the waters, Neptune, to whom power proxima caelo cessit, posco quidem magna ; next to heaven fell, 1 request indeed great {things) ; INO. 141 sed miserere tu meorum, quos cernis jactari in hut pity my kiridred, ichom you see tossed in immenso lonio, et adde tuis dis. the boundless Ionian (sea), and add (them) to your gods. Aliqua gratia est et mihi ponto, si, tamen, Some interest is also mine in the ocean, if, indeed, fui quondam spuma concreta in medio profundo, I was once foam formed in the middle of the deep ^ que Graium nomen manet mihi ab ilia/' and the Greek name remains tome from that.'"^ Neptunus annuit oranti, et abstulit Neptune assented to her prayer, and took away illis 540 quod fait mortale, que im])osuit ve^^endam from them what was mortal, and granted a reverend majestatem, que novavit nomen que faciem majestyy and changed their names and faces simul; que dixit Palaemona deum cum matre together ; and called Palaemon a god with his mother Leucothoee. Leucothoe. Sidoniae comites secutae signa pedum, Her Sidonian companions following the marks of her feet, quantum valuere, primo videre novissima saxo ; as far as they were able, at first saw the last on the rock; nec ratae dubium de morte, and not having thought it doubtful about their death, deplanxeredomum Cadmeida palmis, scissae bewailed the house of Cadmus with their hands, tearing their capillis cum veste. Que fecere invidiam locks together with their raiment. And they caused hatred of deae, ut parum justae que nimium saevae in the goddess, as too little just and too cruel towards pellice. Juno tulit non convicia, et dixit, the mistress. Juno bore not the reproaches, and said, " Faciam vos ipsas maxima 550 monumenta "i will make you yourselves the greatest monument^ 10 142 METAMORPHOSES — IV. meae saevitiae/^ Res secuta est dicta. Nam of my cruelty.'' The deed followed her words. For she quae fuerat praecipue pia inquit, " Perseqiiar who had been especially affectionate says, '^ I will follow reginam in freta;'^ que datura saltum, the queen into the gulf;'' and tchen about to give aleap, potuit hand moveri usquam, que cohaesit affixa could not move anywhere, and clung fastened scopulo, Duni altera tentat ferire pectora to the cliff. While the other tries to strike her breast solito plangore, sent it lacertos tentatos with her usual lament, she feels that her arms when tried riguisse. Ut ilia forte tetenderat manus have stiffened. As she by chance had stretched her hands undas maris, porrigit maims, facta saxea, to the waves of the sea^ she reaches her hands, made stone, in easdem undas. Videres Imjus digitus snbito to the same leaves. You could see her fingers suddenly dnratos in crine, ut laniabat crinem arreptum hardened in her hair, as she tore the locks seized vertice. 560 In quo gestu quaeque on the top of her head. In whatever posture each deprensa est, haesit in illo. Pars factae was caught, she remained fast in that. Part became volucres. Quae aequora nunc Cadmeides quoque birds. 2^ his sea now the Cadmeian women also in illo gurgite distringunt summis . alis. in that gulf skim with the tips of their wings. Agenorides nescit natam que parvum Agenor's son knows not that his daughter and little nepotem esse deos aequoris. Victus luctu que grandson are gods of the sea. Overcome by grief and serie malorum, et ostentis, plurima quae by a succession of evils, and by prodigies, many of which viderat, conditor exit sua urbe, he had seen, he, the founder, goes out from his own city. CADMUS AND HERMIONE. 143 taraqiiani fortuiia locorum, aioii sua, premeret as if the ill-luck of the place, not his own, oppressed se ; que actus lougis erratibus contigit Illyricos him; and driven in long wanderings he reached the lllyrican fines cum ])rofuga conjuge. Que jam graves land with his exiled icife. And now loaded malis que annis, dum retractant prima by misfortune and old age, 'while they reflect on the first 570 fata domus, que relegunt suos labores fates of their house, and recall their trials sermone, Cadmus ait, " Num ille serpens fuerat in discourse, Cadmus says, ''Could that serpent have been sacer trajectus mea cuspide, tum cum, sacred ichich was pierced hy my spear point, then ichen, profectus Sidone, sparsi vipereos dentes, nova hamng left Sidon, I scattered the tipefs teeth, novel semina, per humum? Si cura deum vindicat seeds, over the ground? If the care of the gods avmges quem ira, tarn certa, precor, ipse porrigar it with anger, so surely, I pray, may I he extended serpens, in lougam alvum/' Dixit, et tenditur, as a serpent, into along body.'' He spoke, and is extended, ut serpens, in longam alvum, que seiitit squamas as a serpent, into a long body, and perceives scales increscere duratae cuti, que nigra corpora growing on the hardened skin, and the black members variari caeruleis guttis ; que cadit pronus in speckled tcith azure spots; and he falls flat on pectus, que crura commixta in unum 580 tenuantur hisbreast, and his legs joined together taper paulatim tereti acumine. Bracchia jam restant. gradually in a long point. The arms still remain. Tendit bracchia, quae restant, et dixit, lacrimis He stretches the arms, which remain, and says, the tears adhuc fluentibus per humana ora, ^^Accede, yet flowing over his human face, ''Approach, 144 METAMORPHOSES— IV. O miserrima conjunx, accede, que dum aliquid most wretched spouse, approach, and while something siiperest de me, taiige me, que accipe remains of me, touch me, and receive manum, dum est manus ; dum anguis occupat my hand, while it is a hand; while the snake seizes lion totum/' Ille quidem vult loqui plura, sed {me) not wholly .' ' He indeed wishes to speak more, hut lingua fissa est repente in duas partes; nee his tongue was cleft suddenly into two parts; nor verba sufficiunt loquenti, que quotiens words are supplied {to him) to speak, and as often as parat edere aliquos questus, sibilat. xSatura he prepares to utter some complaints, he hisses. I^ature reliquit hanc vocem illi. 590 Conjunx feriens left this voice to him. His wife striking her nuda pectora manu exclamat, " Cadme, mane, naked breast with her hand cries out, '' Cadmus, remain, que exue te, infelix, his monstris ! Cadme, and layoff, unfortunate one, this strange shape ! Cadmus, quid hoc? Ubi pes? ubi sunt que ichat {is) this f Where {is your) foot? where are both humeri que manus? et color et facies, et, {your) shoulders and hands? and color, and face, and, dum loquor, omnia ? Cur, caelestes, while I speak, all things? Why, heavenly beings, vertitis non me quoque in eundem anguem?" do you not turn me also into a similar snake?'' Dixerat. Ille lambebat ora suae conjugis. She spoke. He licked the face of his wife, que ibat in caros sinus, veluti cognosceret; and crept into her dear bosom., as if he knew her; et dabat amplexus, que j)etebat assueta and gave her embraces, and sought her well-known colla. Quisquis adest — comites aderant — neck. Whoever is present — attendants were present— CADMUS AND HERMIONE. 145 terretur; at lubrica colla crisfati is affrighted ; hut the slippery neck of the crested draconis permulcent illos ; 600 et subito sunt serpent soothes them ; and suddenly there are duo, que volumine juncto, serpunt donee subiere two, and with coils joined, they creep until they entered in latebras appositi nemoris. Nune quoque into the dens of a neighhoring grove. Now also fugiunt nee homines, nee laedunt vulnere, que they avoid neither men, nor injure with wounds, and plaeidi dracones meminere quid fuerint prius. the gentle serpents remembered what they were before. Sed tamen nepos fuerat magna solatia But however their grandson was a great comfort versae formae ambobus, quem debellata India in their changed shape to both^ whom subdued India colebat; quem Achaia, templis positis, worshipped ; whom Achaia, when temples were built, celebrabat. Acrisius, Abantiades, cretus ab celebrated. Acrisius, son of Abas, sprung from eadem origine, solus superest, qui arceat the same origin, alone remains, who repels {him) moenibus Argolieae urbis ; que ferat arma from the ID alls of the Argive city; and bears arms contra deum ; 610 que putet non esse genus against the god ; and thinks {him) not to be the son Jovis. Enim neque putabat Persea, quem Danae of Jupiter. For he did not think Perseus, ichom Danae coneeperat pluvio auro, esse Jovis. had conceived in a shower of gold, to be {the son) of Jupiter. Tamen, mox paenitet Acrisium, tanta est praesentia However, soon Acrisius is sorry, so great is the force veri, tam violasse deum, quam non of truth, as icell to have injured the god, as not agnosse nepotem. Alter est jam to have recognized his grandson. The one is now 146 METAMOHPHOSES — IV. impositus caelo. placed in heaven. spolium viperei spoil of the snaky monster, strideiitibiis alis. Que icith tcltizzing icings. And Libvcas arenas At alter referens memorabile But the other bringing hack the famous monstri, carpebat tenerum cut cum ichen the thin aera air victor penderet the conqueror hung super above the Libyan sands. cecidere. fell, animavit animated capitis head in into crnentae guttae Gorgonei bloody drops of the Gorgon's quas exceptas, humns ichich, ichen received, the ground 620 unde ilia terra dicers snakes; tcJience that land frequens que infesta colubris. filled and infested icith serpents. Actus inde per immensum discordibus Carried thence through the boundless (sky) by the fitful ventis, fertur, nunc liuc^ nunc hither, now despectat looks down on est is winds, aquosae a watery nunc now et and illuc, exemplo thither, like terras the lands fertur, he is borne, nubis, et despectat terras longe cloud, and looks down on the lands far seductas ex alto aetliere^ que supervolat totum withdrawn from the lofty sky, and fiies over the tchole orbem. Ter globe. Thrice Cancri ; ablatus est saej^e sub of the Grab ; he loas carried often towards die as the day vidit gelidas Arctos, ter he saw the cold Bears, thrice saepe often in to ortus. the east. Que And J am. veritus fearing hesperio the icestern credere to trust orbe, land. bracchia the arms occasus, the west, cadente, declined, constitit in he stood in exiguam requiem a little rest, Aurorae, now, se nocti, himself to the night, regni-s Atlantis, the kingdom of Atlas, dum Lucifer 630 evocet ignes until Lucifer may summon the fires Aurora diurnos currus. Hie Here que and petit seeks of Aurora, (and) Aurora her daily chariot. ATLAS. 147 Atlas, lapetionides, fiiit praestans cunctos hominum Atlas, son of lapetus, was excelling all men ingenti corpore. Ultima tellus erat in huge body. The utmost houridaries of the world were sub hoc rege, et pontus, qui su«bdit aequora iinder this king, and the sea^ which holds its surface anhelis eqnis soils, et excipit under the panting horses of the sun, and receines fessos axes. Mille greges que the icearied axles (chariot). A thousand flocks and totidem armeuta errabaut ilH per herbas; as many herds wandered for him through the grass ; et nulla vicinia premebant humum. Arboreae and no neighbors injured the ground, Tree- froudes, virentes radiante auro, tegebant ramos leaves, luxuriant with beaming gold, covered branches ex auro, ponia ex auro. Perseus ait illi, of gold, (and) apples of gold, Perseus says to him, ^^Hospes, seu gloria magni generis tangit " My friend, if either the glory of great birth touches te, 640 Juppiter auctor you, (I must tell you that) Jupiter (is) the author generis mihi ; sive es mirator rerum, of my descent ; or if you are an admirer of great exploits, mirabere nostras. Peto hospitium que you shall admire mine. I seek a lodging and requiem.'^ Ille erat memor vestustae sortis ; * rest." He (Atlas) was mindful of an ancient oracle; f Parnasia Themis dederat banc sortem : '' Atla, I Parnasian Themis had given this oracle: ''Atlas, [ tempus veniet, quo tua arbor spoliabitur f the time will come, when your tree shall be despoiled auro; et natus Jove habebit hunc titulum of its gold; and a son of Jupiter shall have this honor \ praedae.'' Metuens id, Atlas clause rat pomaria of the spoils.'' Fearing this, Atlas had i7iclosed his orchard 148 METAMORPHOSES — IV. solidis moenibus, et dederat vasto draconi with solid walls, and had given them to a huge dragon servanda, et arcebat omiies externos siiis to he kept, and drove away all strangers from his finibus. Ait hiiic quoqiie, ^^ Vade procul, boundaries. He says to him (Perseus) also, " Go far away, loria rernni, 650 quani mentiris, which you falsely claim, lie lest the glory of the deeds, absit longe, Juppiter may he far from protecting you, and Jupiter tibi/^ Que addit vim minis; to you.'' And he adds force to his threats ; expellere manibus cunctantem to expel him hy force as he delays placid is dictis, {words) with gentle sayings. longe of no avail que tentat and tries et mi seen tern fortia cmd mingles hrave Iiiferior viribus (Being) inferior in strength — enim quis esset par Atlanti viribus? — ait, —for who could he equal to Atlas in strength ? — he says, "At quoniam nostra gratia est parvi tibi, ''But since my favor is of little value to you, ! " que ipse retroversus and himself turning backward Medusae a laeva of Medusa on the left factus mons. Nam became a mountain. For accipe munus receive a present ! squalentia era the horrid face quantus erat, great as he teas, parte. side. protulit revealed Atlas, Atlas, barba his beard que comae abeunt in silvas, que umeri and hair are transformed into tcoods, both shoulders que and Quod fuit caput What was a head manus sunt j^ig*'^- hands become mountain ridges. ante, est cacumen in summo before, is (note) a sumrnit on a very hvgh 660 ossa fiunt lapis. Tum auctus in his hones become stone. Then increased in partes, directions^ crevit he grew in immensnm immensely ;- -sic so, monte ; mountain ; omnes all di gods^ ATLAS. 149 statiiistis ! et you determined! and sideribus reqiiievit omne all caelum the sky cum tot with so many stars rested in on illo. him. Hippotades The grandson of Hippotas (Aeolus) aeteruo carcere^ que Lucifer, in an eternal prison, and Lucifer, admonitor operum alto caelo, herald of work in the lofty heaven^ Ille, pennis resumptis, clauserat veiitos had shut the winds clarissimus the brightest ortus erat. had arisen. unco a crooked Hgat He (Perseus), with wings resumed, hinds them fast to pedes ab utraque parte, que accingitur his feet on either side, and girds on telo, et findit liquidum aera motis talaribus. weapon, and cleaves the liquid air with his agile feet. Innumeris gentibus que circum que infra Numberless nations both around and beneath relictis conspicit left behind, he beholds Cepheia arva. the Cepheian lands. jusserat immeritam had ordered innocent que and Jinguae, tongue. quam her populos Aethiopum the people of the Aethiopians 670 Illic inju8tus Ammon There unjust Ammon Andromedan pendere poenas Andromeda to suffer punishment Simul Abantiades As soon as the descendant of Abas ad duras to hard religatam bound cautes rocks maternae for her mother's vidit (Perseus) saw bracchia, nisi quod levis aura moverat capillos, et by the arms, except that the light breeze moved her locks, and luniina manabant tepido fletu, ratus esset her eyes flowed icith loarm tears, he might have thought her marmoreum opus — inscius trahit ignes, et a marble work — unconsciously he takes fire, and stupet. Et, correptus imagine formae is amazed. And, seized with the image of her beauty i'ilih 1 50 METAMORPHOSES — IV. vlsae^ oblitiis est paeiie quatere suas penuas which he has seen, he forgot almost to icave his wings in aere. Ut stetit, dixit, ^^O non digna in air. When he alighted^ he said, " you not icorthy istis catenis, sed quibiis cupidi of those chains, hut (of those) by tchich desirous amantes jungiintur inter se, 680pande reqnirenti lovers are joined together, tell me inquiring qne tnnni nomen qne terrae, et cur both your name and {that) of the land, and why geras vincla?'^ Primo^ ilia silet, nee virgo youwear these chains?'' First, she is silent, nor as a maiden audet appellare virum ; que celasset dares to accost a man; and she tcould have concealed modestos vultus manibus, if fuissetnon religata. her modest face with her hands, if she had not been bound. Quod potuit, implevit lumina What {alone) she was able {to do), she filled her eyes obortis lacrimis. Indicate instanti loith rising tears. She points out {to him), as he urged her saepius, ne videretur nolle fateri frequently, lest she might seem to be unwilling to confess sua delictaj que nomen terrae que her oion transgressions, both the name of the land and suum, que quanta fuerit fiducia maternae her own, and how great was the confidence of her mother formae, et omnibus nondum memoratis, unda in her bea,uty, and before all teas yet related, the inaters insonuit, que belua veniens immenso resounded, and a monster coming from the boundless ponto 690 imminet, et possidet latum aequor sub sea emerges, and covers the broad ocean under pectore. Virgo conclamat. Lugubris genitor his breast. The maiden cries out. Her mournful father et una mater adast, am bo miseri, and with him her mother- are present, both wretched, ANDROMEDA. 151 sed ilia justius. but she with more reason. secum, with them, plangorem, lamentation, Turn Then sed but fletus weepings que adhaerent Nee ferunt auxllium Nor do they bring aid dignos suitable tempore to the time que and and they cling in viiicto corpore. to her chained body. hospes ait sic : " Longa tempora the stranger speaks thus: '' Plenty of time lacrimarum poteruiit manere vos ; hora est brevis for tears can remain for you ; the hour is short ad opem fereiidam. Si ego, Perseus, iiatus for assistance to be given. If 1, Perseus^ son of Jove, et ilia qnam clausam Juppiter implevit Jupiter, and her whom when shut up Jupiter filled fecundo auro, Perseus, superator auguicomae with fruitful goldy Perseus, the conqueror of the snake-haired Gorgonis, et 700 ausus ire per aerias Gorgon, and (who} dared to go through the ethereal auras jactatis alis, peterem banc, air on leaving wings, should sue for her. praeferrer be preferred gener as a son-in-law cunctis. to all. I should Tento I try certe certainly addere meritum et tautis dotibus, modo iiumina to add desert also to such great gifts, if only the deities faveaut. Paciscor, ut servata mea virtute, may favor. I stipulate, that, being preserved by my valor, sit mea/^ Parentes accipiunt legem she may be mine.'' The parents receive the condition — enim quis dubitaret? — et orant que —for toho would hesitate? — a7id they beseech and promittunt super regnum dotale. Ecce ! velut promise moreover a kingdom as dowry. Lo ! as 1, concita praefixo rostro, sulcat aquas, urged with fixed beak, furrows the waters, acta sudantibus lacertis juvenum, sic impelled by the perspiring arms of young men^ so navis, a 152 METAMO RPHOSES — IV. Balearica (ichicJi) a Balearic torto pi urn bo ; fera, undis dimotis impiilsn^ the beast, while the waves were divided by the force pectoris, aberat tantiini scojiulis, quantum of his breast, icasaistant so far fromthe rocks as {that medii caeli distance) of the middle of the sky 710 funda potest transniittere sling is able to pass icith the ichirled lead; cum subito juveuis, tellure repulsa pedibus, when suddenly the youth, the earth being spurned byhisfeet^ abiit arduus in nubes. Ut umbra viri rose upwards into the clouds. As the shadow of the man visa est summo aequore, fera saevit teas seen on the surface of the ocean, the icild beast rages in umbram visam. Que ut praepes against the shadow he has seen. And as the fleet (bird) Jovis, cum vidit draconem praebentem of Jupiter, ichen he has seen a serpent exposing liventia terga Plioebo in vacu arvo, occupat his black back to the sun in an open field, seizes aversum, figit avidos ungues squamigeris him behind, he pierces his eager talons into the scaly cervicibus, neu retorqueat saeva era; sic neck, lest he may writhe back his cruel mouth; thus missus praeceps, ])ressit terga ferae swooping headlong, he pierced the back of the beast celeri volatu per inane, que by a speedy flight through the empty air, and 720 Inachides abdidit ferrum tenus the descendant of Inachus hid his sword up to curvo hamo in dextro ai*mo frementis. the crooked hilt in the right shoulder of the roaring beast. Laesa gravi vuhiere modo sublimis attoHit Injured by the severe wound now on high it raises se in auras, modo subdit aquis, modo itself into the air, now sinks into the water, now ANDROMEDA. 153 versat more ferocis apri, quem tiirba caniim tosses like a fierce wild hoar, which a ipach of dogs drcumsona terret. Ille efFugit avidos in full cry frightens. He (Fersens) escajyes his eager morsus velocibus alis ; que vulnerat falcato jaws with fleet icings; and he tcounds with crooked eiise nunc terga, qua patent^ obsita sii|)er sword now the back, where it lies exposed, covered over cavis conchis, nunc costas laterum, nunc qua icith hollow shells, now the ribs of the sides, now where Cauda tenuissima desinit in piscera, Belua vomit the tail tapering ends in a fish. The beast vomits ore fluctus mixtos puniceo sanguine. from his mouth water mingled with purple blood. Graves pennae maduere adspergine ; 730 nee The heavy wings became wet with the spray ; nor Perseus ausus credere ultra bibulis talaribus, did Perseus dare to trust longer his dripping wings, conspexit scopulum, qui exstat summo vertice but he beheld a rock, which projects at its top aquis stantibus; operitur ab aequore from the icaters when calm ; but is covered by the sea moto. Nixus eo, que tenens when troubled. Having perched there, and holding prima j^^ga rupis sinistra, exegit the highest top of the rock with the left hand, he thrust ter quater ferrum per ib*a three and four times his iron through the entrails repetita. Clamor cum plausu implevere litora attacked again. A shout with applause filled the shores que su])eras domos deorum. Cassiope que Cepheus and the lofty houses of the gods. Cassiope and Cepheus, pater gaudent, que salutant generum, que the father, rejoice, and salute him {as) son-in-law, and fatentur auxilium que servatorem domus. acknowledge him lobe the aid and preserver of their house. 1 54 METAMORPHOSES — IV. Virgo, que pretium et causa laboris, The maiden^hoth the price {Yev^diT^) and cause of his labors, i need it resoluta eatenis. proceeds loosed from chains. Ille ponit tribus dis totidem focos de caespite, He erects to three gods as many altars of turf^ laeviim Merciirio, dextruni tibi belliea virgo ; the left to Mercury, the right to you, warlike virgin; ara Jovis est media. Vacca mactatur the altar of Jupiter is in the middle. A cow is sacrificed Minervae, vitulus alipedi, taiirus to Minerva, a calf to the icing footed {Mercury)^ a hull tibi, summe deorum, Protinus rapit to you, highest of the gods. Forthwith he takes Andromedan et indotata praemia tanti facti, Andromeda and theundowried rewards of so great a deed, Hymenaeiis que Amor praecutiunt taedas ; Hymen and Lote shake before them the torches; ignes satiantur largis odoribus, 760 que the fires are heaped icith plenteous odors, and serta dependent tectis, et ubique que garlands hang down from the roofs, and everywhere also lyrae que tibia et cantus, felicia argumeuta lyres and the pipe and songs, the happy tokens laeti animi, sonant. Tota aurea atria, valvis of a joyful mind, sound. All the golden halls, with doors reseratis, patent, que proceres Ceplieni ineunt unlocked, lie open, and nobles of Cepheus enter con vi via reois instructa pulchro paratu. the banquet of the king arranged with splendid preparation. Postquam functi ej)ulis diffudere ,/ After they have finished the feasts and have cheered aninios munere generosi Bacchi, their minds tcith the gift of generous Bacchus, iJ| Abantiades quaerit que cultus que '\f the grandson of Abas inquires both the manners and MEDUSA. 155 que both quae he mores the manners que and habitus locorurn ; Lyncides unus habits of the place; Lyncides^ one {of them), narrat quaerenti relates to him inquiring virorum. Simul of the men. As soon as " Nunc, O fortissime Perseu, ^'Now, brat est Perseus, protinus forthwith habitus habits dixit, he said, fare quanta virtute que by what great valor and ora crinita draconibus.'^ the head hairy with serpents.'' sub under edocuit, instructed him, 770 preco I pray you tell artibus abstuleris arts you cut off Abantiades narrat Perseus tells them that quibus by tchat esse jacenteni gelido cold Atlante, Atlas, munmime in its bulwark tutum safe introitu cujus the entrance of which Jocum a place soh'dae niolis; in of a solid mass; at geminas sorores Pliorcydas habitasse, partitas two sisters, daughters of Phorcys, lived, sharing usum iinius luminis; se supposita* manu solerti the use of one eye; he by putting in his hand by skilful astu, cepisse id dum traditur, cunning, took that {eye) while it is being passed {from one to que tetigisse Gorgoneas domos per saxa abdita another), and reached the Gorgon's house through rocks hidden longe, que devia, et horrentia fragosis silv' far, and devious, and rough icith craggy 780 que vidisse passim per and saw everywhere through hominum que ferarum conversa of men and of tcild beasts changed agros que the lands and woods, per along vias smiuJacra the ways images ex ipsis in silieem from themselves to tamen, se however, he himself Medusae aere Medusa on the brass flint, as])exisse beheld CI 1 pel of the shield Medusa cfter Medusa form am the shape quod which visa ; had been seen; liorrendae of the dreadful laeva his left hand 156 M ETA MORP HOSES — IV. gerebat, repercnsso ; carried, being reflected; colubras the snakes que ipsam, eripuisse caput and herself, snatched the head que dum gravis soranus and while heavy sleep tenebat que held both collo ; que Pegason fugacem pennis et from her neck; and Pegasus fleet with wings and fratrem natos de sanguine matris. his brother were born from the blood of the mother. Addidit et non falsa pericula longi cnrsus ; He added also the real dangers of his long journey; quae freta, quas terras vidisset ab alto sub what gulfs, what lands he had seen from on high under se, himself, pennis. wings. et and quae %chat sidera tetigisset stars he had touched 790 Taraen, However, tacuit he became silent ex pec tat u m . U n u s the expected {time). One e of numero the number jactatis on waving ante before procerum of nobles excipit, quaerens cur sola sororuni gesserit rejoins him, inquiring ichy she alone of the sisters carried angues immixtos alternis crinibus. snakes mingled alternately with her hair. Hospes ait, " Quoniam scitaris The guest says, relatu, accipe to be told, hear '"Since you ask digna {things) worthy quaesiti. Ilia {the thing) you ask. invidiosa the coveted ulla pars any part que and fuit was She spes hope in in causam the reason of fuit clarissima forma, was most renowned in beauty^ multornra procorum ; nee of many suitors; nor tota conspectior her ichole person more remarkable Inveni qui referret se vidisse. I have found one who said he had seen her pelagi dicitnr vitiasse banc templo of the ocean is said to have defiled her in the temple capillis. {than) her hair. Rector The ruler MEDUSA. 157 Nata Jovis aversa est, et The daughter of Jupiter turned away, and vultus aegide. 800 Neve face with the aegis. And lest impune, mutavit happened with iinpunity, she changed in turpes hydros. Nunc into filthy water -serpents. Now adverse pectore, angues quos also she hears, in the front of her breast, the snakes which fecit, ut terreat hostes attonitos Minervae. of Minerva. texit castos covered her chaste hoc fnisset this might now have Gorgoneum crinem the Gorgon's hair quoque sustinet, in she made, that formidine/^ with fear.* ^ 11 she may frighten her enemies surprised 158 METAMORPHOSES — V. BOOK V. J Qiiednm heros Danaeius commemorat ea And while the hero son of Danai is relating those {things) medio agmine Cepheniim, regalia atria in the middle of the crowd of the Cepheni, the royal halls complentur fremitii turbae. Nee est clamor are filled with the noise of the multitude. Nor is (it) the shout qui caiiat conjiigialia festa, sed qui nuntiet fera which sings at marriage feasts, but which announces fierce arma, que possis assimilare con vi via versa in arms, and you might liken the banquets changed into repentinos tumultus freto, quod saeva rabies a sudden tumult to a strait, which the fierce rage ventonim exasperat quietum, undis motis. of the winds disorders (when) quiet, when the leaves are raised. Phineus primus in his, temerarius auctor belli, Phineus first among these ^ the rash author of the attack^ quatiens fraxineam hastam aeratae cuspidis, 10 ait, shaking an ashen spear icith brazen point, says, " En ! adsum, ultor conjugis praereptae. Nee '' Lo ! I am her e^ the avenger of a wife stolen. Neither pennae, nee Juppiter versus in falsum aurum, your wings, nor Jupiter changed into false gold, eripient te mihi/' Cepheus exclamat shall deliver you from me.'' Cepheus cries out (to him) conanti mittere, ^^ Quid facis? as he endeavors to throw (his lance), " What are you doing? quae mens agit te, germane, furentem in facinus? what mind drives you, brother, raving into crime? MEDUSA. 159 Haec gratia redditur tantis meritisne? Is this the gratitude returned for such great merit? Eependis vitam servatae hac dote? Do you repay her life which has beenpreserved with this dowry ? qiiam non Perseus ademit tibi, si quaeris ichom not Perseus has taken away from you, if you ask veriim ; sed grave nuinen Xereidum, sedcorniger the truth ; but the mighty deity of the Nereids, but horned Ammon, sed belliia ponti quae veoiebat Ammon, but the monster of the deep which came exsaturanda rae's visceribiis. Rapta est tibi illo tobe filled with my daughter. She was torn from you at that tempore, 20 quo fuit peritura. Nisi, crudelis, time, when she was about to perish. Unless, cruel one, si exigis id ipsum, ut pereat, que if you require that 'cery thing, that she may perish, and levabere nostro luctu. Scilicet est baud satis, you will be appeased by our grief. Forsooth it is not enough, quod, te spectaute, revincta est ; et quod that, while you looked on, she was bound ; and that patruus ve spousus tulisti nullam opem ; {neither as) uncle or spouse you brought assistance; insuper dolebis, quod servata sit a moreover will you grieve, that she has beenpreserved by quoquam, que eripies praemia? Quae, si videntur anyone, and icill you seize his reward? Which, if it seems magna tibi, petisses ex illis scopulis ubi great to you, you could have sought out of those rocks where afRxa erant. Nunc sine qui petiit, it was affixed. Now permit him who has sought {her), per quern senectus non orba, ferre through whom my old age (is) not bereft, to bear off (a reward) quod pactus est et meritis et voce ; que which he has covenanted for both by merit and by words ; and intellege non praelatum tibi, sed certae understand that he was not preferred to you, but to certain, 160 METAMORPHOSES — V. morti/^ 30 Ille contra nihil ; sed spectans et hunc death,'' He ansicered nothing ; but looking on both him et Persea alterno vuitu, ignorat and Perseus with alternate looks, he knows not (whether) petat hunc an ilhim. Que cnnctatus brevi, to attack this man or that. And after hesitating a bit, misit hastam contortam nequiquam in Persea, he threw the spear hurled iti vain against Perseus, viribus quantas ira dabat, et ilia stetit toro. with force as great as anger gavCy and it stuck in a couch. Turn denique Persues exsiluit stratis, que ferox, Then finally Perseus jumped up from his seat, and fierce^ telo reniisso, rupisset inimica pectora, by the weapon returned, might have pierced his enemy's breast, nisi Phineus isset post altaria; et indignum ! had not Phineus gone behind the altar ; and unworthy ! ara profuit scelerato. Tamen, cuspis non the altar aided the wicked man. However, the point not irrita adhaesit fronte Rhoeti. Postquam qui useless stuck in the forehead of Rlioetus. After he cecidit^ que ferrum revulsum est ex osse, fell, and the iron was torn back out of the bone, 40 calcitrat et adspergit positas mensas sanguine. he struggles and sprinkles the laid tables with blood. Turn vero vulgus ardescit in indomitas iras, Then truly the common people kindle to untamed anger, que conjiciunt tela. Et sunt qui dicant and hurl darts. And there are {some) icho say Cephea cum genero debere mori. Sed that Cepheus icith his son-in-law ought to die. But Cepheus exierat limine tecti, Cepheus went out from the threshold of the house, testatus que jus que fidem que deos calling to witness both right and faith and the gods hospitii, ea moveri se prohibente. of hospitality , that this disturbance is made while he forbade it. PERSEUS. 161 BelHea Pallas adest, et protegit fratrera Warlike Pallas is present, and protects her brother aegide, que dat aninios. Erat with the aegis, and gives him courage. There was Indus, Athis, qiiera Clematie, edita flumine an Indian, Athis, whom Clematie, the daughter of the river Gange, creditur peperisse sub vitreis Ganges, is believed to have brought forth under glassy antris, egregius forma, quam augebat grottoes, excelling in beauty, which he increased divite cultu, 50 adhuc integer bis octonis annis, by rich dress, now in his prime by twice eight years, indutus Tyriam chlamydem^ quam aureus clad in a Tyrian mantle, which a golden limbus obibat ; aurata monilia ornabant collum fringe bordered; gilded necklaces adorned his neck et curvum crinale capillos madidos and a curved fillet {encompassed) the locks moist murra. Ille quidem doctus erat figere, itith myrrh. He indeed had been taught to pierce {objects), quamvis distantia, jaculo misso, sed although distant, witli the javelin hurled, but doctior tendere arcus. Tum quoque Perseus still more skilled to stretch the bow. Then also Perseus perculit stipite flectentem rnanu struck him down with a stick, bending with his hands lenta cornua, qui positus in media his pliant bow, {a stick) which, placed in the middle ara fumabat; et confudit ora in fraetis of the altar, smoked; and crushed his face in the broken ossibus. Ubi Assyrius Lycabas videt huuc jactantem bones. When Assyrian Lycabas saw him tossing laudatos vultus in sanguine, 60 et junctissimus his admired features in blood, both a most devoted comes illi, et non dissimulator veri amoris, companion to him, and not a concealer of true love. 162 METAMORPHOSES — V. postquam deploravit Athin exhalantem vitam sub after he bewailed Athis breathing out his life under acerbo vulnere, arripit arcus, qiios ille a severe wound, he snatches up the boio, which he tetenderat^ et dixit, ^^ Certamina sint tibi had stretched, and said, ''Let the contest be between you mecum, nee laetabere longura fato pueri ; and me, nor shall you rejoice long in the fate of the boy; quo by which Dixerat He had said al telurn emicuit habes you acquire more odium omnia haec nondum all these (words) not yet, dart bounded tamen, however, spectatam distinguished plus invidiae quam laudis/ than praise.' penetrabile when the piercing vitatum, though avoided, veste. of the garment. hunc harpen que and nervo, from the string, pependit sinuosa it hung in the folds Acrisioniades vertit in The grandson of Acrisius turns against caede Medusae, 70 que adigit by the slaughter of Medusa, and drives it At ille But he, atra nocte. black night. pectus. Jiis breast. in into natantibus sub swimming in que acclinavit jam now him his sword moriens, oculis dying, with his eyes cireumspexit Atliin, looked round for Athis, ilium, et tulit ad Syenites, the Syenian, manes and leaned himself upon him, and carried to the shades solatia junctae mortis. Ecce ! the comfort of a united death. Lo ! Phorbas, genitus Methione, et Libys Ampliimedon, Phorbas, son of Methion, and Libyan Amphimedon, avidi committere pugnam, lapsi sanguine, eager to join in the fray, having slipped in the blood, quo t^llus madefaeta tepebat, conciderant. with which the earth moistened was warm, had fallen. Ensis obstitit surgentibus, adactus costis The sword met them rising, thrust in the ribs PERSEUS. 163 jugulo Phorbantis. and ill the throat of Phorhas. alterius, of the one, petit non Eritiim, Actoriden, cui attacks not Eritus, son of Actor, whose 80 erat telum, was a iceapon, duabus manibiis hamato with his crooked in his two altis icith great que and hands Sign is, figures, infligit At Perseus But Perseus lata bipennis broad battle-axe ense ; sed tollit sword; but lifts cratera exstantem bowl embossed que and dashes it against cruorem gore, vertice. head.. et and ingentem a huge in pondere multae massae, of the weight of great mass, viro. Ille vomit rutiluni the man. He vomits ruddy resupinus pulsat humum moribundo on his back beats the ground with dying Inde Then sternit he levels Polvdaemona Poly daemon cretum sprung sanguine from the blood Semiramio, of Semiramis, que Caucaseum Abarin, and Caucasian Abaris, que Lvcetum, Sperchionidem, que Elycen intonsum and Lycetus, son of Sperchius, and Elyces with unshaven comas, hair. que and exstruetos the piled ausus concurrere daring to engage Plilegyan, que Clytum, et calcat Phlegyas, and Clytus, and tramples acervos morientum. Phineus nee heaps of the dying. Phineus not comminus hosti, 90 intorquet hand-to-hand with the enemy, error detulit in accident carried away against expertem frustra belli, et secutum unengaged in vain in the icar, and following arma. Ille tuens immitem Phinea torvis He beholding savage Phineus with stern ^ Quandoquidem abstrahor in partes, ''Since indeed I am forced into the factions, jaculum; a javelin; quod which party. ait, says, aceipe, receive, hurls Idan, Idas, neutra neither oculis, eyes, Phi Phineus, neu. hostem, quem fecisti ; the enemy, whom you have made ; que and 1 64 METAMORPHOSES — V. pensa hoc vulnus vulnere." Que jam remissurus repay this wound by a wound.'" And now ahout to return telum tractimi de corpore, collapsus, cecidit in theiceapon drawn from his body, fainting, he fell upon artus, defectos sanguine. Turn quoque Hodites, his limbs, deprived of blood. Then also Hodites, primus Cephenum, post regem, jacet ense the first of the Cepheni, after the king, lies by the sword Clymeni ; Hvpseus perculit Prothoenora, of Clyvienus : Hypseus struck down Frotho'enor, Lyncides Hypsea. Et grandaevus Ematliion fuit in Lyncides, Hypseus. And the aged Emathion was among illis, 100 cultor aequi que timidus deorum ; them, a lover of justice and fearful of the gods; quoniam anni prohihent bellare, qui pugnat since his years hinder him from fighting, he fights loquendo, et incessit, que devovet scelerata arma. by speaking, and rails and curses the wicked arms. Chromis decutit luiic caput ense, Chromis strikes off his head with a sword, though he an'iplexo altaria trcmulis palmis ; quod protinus embraced the altars with tremulous hands; it immediately incidit arae, atque ibit edidit execrantia verba fell on the altar, and there he uttered cursing words semianimi lingua, et expiravit aniniam in with half-dead tongue, and breathed out his life in medios ignes. HInc gemini fratres, que the midst of the fires. Then two brothers, both Broteas at Amnion, invicti caestibus, si Broteas and Ammon, unconquered with the caestus, if enses possent vinci caestibus, cecidere Phinea swords could be conquered by caestus, fell by Phineus' manu, 110 que Ampycus, sacerdos Cereris, velatus hand, and Ampycus, priest of Ceres, covered over tempora albenti vitta. Tu quoque, lapetide, the temples with a white fillet. You also, son of lapetus. PERSEUS. 165 non adhibendus in hos usos, sed qui moveres not to he employed for these uses, hut who could strike citharam cum voce, opus pacis, jussus eras the harp with a song, a work ofpeaiie, had heen ordered celebrare dapes que festura canendo. Cui to celebrate the feasts and festive (place) hy singing. Him adstanti procul que tententi imbelle plectrum, standing at a distance and holding the unwarlike quill, Pettalus ridens, dixit : ^^ I, cane cetera Pettalus mocked, and cried out : ** Go, sing the rest Stygiis manibus/' et figit mucronem laevo to the Stygian shades,'' and fixed his Made in his left tempore. Concidit, et ille retentat fila lyrae temple. lie fell, and he sounds the strings of the lyre morientibus digitis ; que canit miserabile carmen with dying fingers ; and sings a mournful song casu. Ferox Lycormas sinit hunc non cecidisse in his fall. Fierce Lycormas suffers him not to fall impune, 120 que inlisit ossibus cervicis with impunity, and dashed at the hones of his neck robusta repagula rapta de dextro poste. At a strong har torn from a right-hand post. And ille procubuit more mactati juvcnci. Cinjphius he tumhled like a sacrificed hullock. Cinyphian Pelates quoque tentabat demere robora laevi Pelates also tried to take away the oak-har of the left postis. Dextera temptanti fixa est cuspide post. His right hand as he tried was pierced hy the spear -point Corythi, Marmaridae, que cohaesit ligno. of Corythus, son of Marmarus, and it cleaved to the tcood. Abas hausit latus haerenti ; nee ille corruit, Ahas pierced his side as he clung ; nor did he fall, sed moriens pependit e poste retinente but dying hung from the post which still held manum. Et Melaneus, secutus Perseia his hand. And Melaneus, having followed Perseus' 166 METAMORPHOSES — Y. et Dorylas, ditissimus and BorylaSy the richest 130 Dorvlas, dives JDorylas, the rich quo lion alter possederat latius castra, sternitiir, fortunes, is prostrated Nasomoniaei in Nasomonian agri ; land , aut than whom no other possessed more widely, or agri, in land, totidem as many missum stetit in oblique hurled stuck obliquely et and turning "Habeto ''Have tot agris/ so many lands, Abantiades, The grandson of Abas, hastam raptam de Haley oneus premis quod which says, de you cover out of que and exsangue the lifeless corpus. body. acervos farris. Ferrum heaps of corn. The iron hujus inguine ; ille locus letifer. Postquam auctor in his groin ; that place is deadly. After the author vulneris vidit quern singultantem animam of the wound saw him sobbing out his life, versantera lumina, Bactrius Halcyoneus inquit, his eyes, Bactriar hoc terrae this {share) of earth reliquit he left ultor, torquet in hune his avenger, hurls against him calido vulnere, quae recepta a spear torn from the warm wound, which being received media nare exacta est cervice, in the middle of the nostril was driven out from the neck, que eminet in ambas partes. 140 Que dura fortuna and projects in both directions. And ichile fortune fudit he routed diverso vulnere. by a different wound. librata juvat manum assists his hand. que both Clvtium que Clanin, Clytius and Clanis, matre, mother. satos una sprung from one fraxinus tJie ash (javelin) acta per (was) driven through Clanis moniordit Clanis bit utrumque each jaculum the javelin Nara For lacerto arm Clytii : of Clytius: ore. Et with his mouth. And gravi by the heavy femur thigh PEHSEtTS. 167 Mendesius Celadon ocddit. Astreus occidit, creatus Mendesian Celadon fell. Astreus felly born Palaestin;? matre, dubio patre, que from a Palestine mother, (but) from a doubtful father, and ^thion, quondam sagax videre ventura ; JEthion, formerly sagacious to see {things) to come ; tunc deceptus falsa ave ; que Thoactes, armiger then deceived by a false bird; and Thoactes, armor-bearer regis, et Agyrtes, infamis patre caeso. of the king, and Agyrtes, infamous by his father's murder. Tamen, plus superest exhausto. 150 Namque However, more remains than what is done. For animus est omnibus opprimere unum. Conjurata intention is to all to overwhelm one (Perseus). Allied agmina pugnant undique pro causa impugnante troops fight on every side for a cause attacking meritum que fidem. Socer pius frustra, et merit and faith. A father-in-law pious in vain, and nova conjunx cum genetrice favent pro hac parte, the new spouse with her mother favor on his side, que complent atria ululatu. Sed sonus armorum, and fill the halls with wails. But the sound of arms, que gemitus cadentum, superat; que Bellona and the groans of the falling , prevail; and Bellona perfundit multo sanguine Penates semel drenches with much blood the household gods once pollutos, que miscet renovata proelia. Phineus, et polluted, and mingles the renewed battle. Phineus, and mille seeuti Phinea, circueunt unum. a thousand who followed Phineus, surround one (Perseus). Tela plura hiberna grandine volant praeter Darts more plenty than wintry hail fly on utrumque latus, que praeter et lumen et aures. each side, and past both the eyes and ears. 160 Hinc applicat humeros ad saxa magnae Hence he places his shoulders against the stones of a great 168 METAMORPHOSES — V. columnae, que gerens tuta terga, que versus in pillar, and with protected hack, and turned against adversa agmina, sustinet instantes. the opposing troops, he withstands them pressing on. Chaonius Molpeus sinistra parte^ Nabathaeus Chaonian Molpeus {pressed) on the left side, Nalathoean Ethemon instabant dextra, Ut tigris Ethemon pressed on the right. As a tigress {when) mugitibus duorum armentorum auditis diversa the belloicings of two herds are heard in different valle, exstimulata fame, nescit utro {parts of a) valley, urged on by hunger, knows not on which ruat potius, et ardet ruere utroque; sic she may rush best, and burns to rush on each ; so Perseus, dubius ne feratur dextra laeva, Perseus, doubtful whether to bear to the right {or) the left, submovit Molpea vulnere trajecti cruris, que repulses Molpeus by a icound in his pierced leg, and est contentus fuga ; enim Ethemon dat neque is contented with his flight ; for Ethemon gives no tempus, 170 sed furit, et cupiens dare vulnera time, but rages, and desiring to give him a wound alto collo, viribus non circumspectis, fregit deep in the neck, his force not being considered, he broke ensem exactum extrema parte percussae columnae; the sword driven against the edge of the struck pillar; lammina dissiluit que fixa est in gutture domini. the blade snapped and was fixed in the throat of its master. Tamen, ilia plaga dedit non satis valentes However, that wound gave not sufficiently poicerful causas ad letum. Perseus confodit, trepidum et occasion for death. Perseus stabs him, fearful and tendentem frustra inermia bracchia, Cyllenide stretching in vain his helpless arms, with his Gyllenian harpe. Verura ubi Perseus vidit virtutem succumbere falchion. But when Perseus saw his valor yield PERSEUS. 169 turbae, dixit, "Quoniam ipsi cogitis to 7iiimbers, he said, "Since you you?' selves force me sic, petam auxilium ab hoste. Avertite thus, I will seek end from the enemy.. Turn away vestros vultus, 180 si qiiis amicus adest ! '^ et your countenance, if any friend is present! " and extulit ora Gorgoiiis. Thescelus dixit : he raised the head of the Gorgon. Thescelus said : ^^ Quaere alium, quern tua miracnla moveant;'^ ''Seek another, whom your miracles may move ;'' que ut parabat mittere fatale jaculum manu, and as he prepared to send a fatal dart from his hand, haesit in hoc gestu signum de marniore. he stood fast in this attitude (as) a statue of marble. Ampyx, proxiinus huic, petit gladio Ampyx, next to him, attacks with a sword pectora Lyncidae, plenissima magni animi ; que in the breast of Lyncidas, full of daring spirit ; and in petendo, dextera diriguit, nee mota attacking, his right hand stiffened, and was not moved citra, nee ultra. At Nileus, qui ementitus erat on one side, nor the other. But Nileus, ivho falsely said se genitum septemplice Nilo, quoque he was begotten from the seven-mouthed Nile, and also caelaverat septem flumina clipeo, partim argento, had engraved seven rivers on his shield, partly silver, partim auro, ait, 190 "Aspice, Perseu, primordia partly gold, says, ''Behold, Perseus, the origin nostrae gentis; feres magna solatia mortis of my race; you shall carry a great comfort for death ad tacitas umbras, cecidisse a tan to viro/^ to the silent shades, to have fallen by so great a man.'' Ultima pars vocis suppressa est in medio The last part of the voice was suppressed in the midst sono, que credas adaperta ora of the sound, and you would believe the opened mouth 170 METAMORPHOSES — V. velle wished loqui, nee sunt ea per via verbis. to words. Eryx Eryx increpat chides to speak, hut it gives no passage hos, que inquit, " Torpetis | them, and says, "■ You are torpid vitio animi, non Gorgoneis viribus ; from fault of the spirit, not from the Gorgon's powers; humi incurrite meeum et prosternite rush on with me and juvenem lay on the ground the young man Erat ineursurus ; He was about to rush on ; arma. arms.' que and armata an armed immotus, fixed, imago. image. moventem magiea wielding his magic tellus tenuit vestigia, the earth held his footsteps, silet, que mansit he ceases to speak, and remained 200 Tamen, hi subiere poenam ex merito ; However, these underwent punishment as they deserved; sed erat unus miles Pei'sei, Aconteus, pro hut there was one soldier of Perseus, Aconteus, for quo dum pugnat, Gorgone conspeeta, whom ichile he fights, since the Gorgon was seen, concrevit oborto saxo. Quem Astyages ratus hardened in a growing stone. Him Astyages thought vivere etiamnum, ferit longo ense. Ensis to live even yet, and strikes icith a long sicord. The sword sonuit aeutis tinnitibus. Dum Astyages stupet, sounded with sharp ringing. While Astyages is amazed, que and vultus the countenance longa a long traxit eandem naturam^ he assumed the same nature, mirantis manet in marmoreo ore. Est as he wonders remains in a marble face. It is mora dieere nomina virorum de media plebe. task to mention the names of men from the lower rank. Bis eentum eorpora restabant pugnae, bis Twice a hundred bodies yet remained for the battle, tioice eentum a hundred corpora bodies riguerunt, Gorgone visa. stiffened, ichen the Gorgon was seen. PERSEUS. 171 210 Tunc deiiique Phinea paenitet injusti Then finally Phineus repents of the unjust belli* Sed quid agat ? Videt simulacra diversa attack. But what shall he do? He sees images differing figuris, que agnoscit suos ; et poscit in shape, and recognizes his own {men) ; and requests qiiemque vocatum nomine opem, que everyone called by name {to lend) assistance, and parum credens, tangit corpora proxima sibi : scarcely believing, he touches the bodies nearest himself : erant marmor. Avertitur, atque ita supplex, they were marble. He turns away, and thus suppliant, que tendens manus, confessas, que and stretching out his hands, which confessed, and obliqua bracchia, ait, ^^Perseu, vincis; remove extended arms, he says, ^'Perseus, you conquer ; remove fera monstra, que tolle saxificos the fierce monster, and take away the stone-creating vultus tuae ]\ledusae, quaecumque ea, precor ; face of your Medusa, whatever she is, I pray ; non odium ve cupido regni compulit nos not hatred or a desire of kingdom has driven me ad bellum ; movimus arma pro conjuge. 220 Tua to the contest; I ID ielded arms for a wife. Tour causa fuit mc^ior meritis ; nostra tempore. cause was the better in merit ; mine in time. Piget non cessisse. O fortissime ! concede nil I am not sorry to yield. bravest! grant nothing mihi praeter hauc animam : cetera sunto tua.'^ tome except this life: the rest be yours.'' Ait, dicenti talia neque audenti He speaks to him, as he said such (things), and did not dare respicere eum, quem rogabat voce, to look back on him tchom he entreated with his voice, "Tribuam, timidissime Phineu, quod possum ^' I will grant, most cowardly Phineus, what I am able 172 METAMORPHOSES — V. et tribuisse et est magnum munus inerti ; both to grant and {what) is a great gift to a coward; pone metum, — violabere nullo ferro. lay aside fear, — you shall he hurt hy no iron. Qiiin etiam, dabo monumenta mansura per Moreover, I will give a monument to remain through aevum ; que spectabere semper in domo the ages ; and you shall he seen always in the house nostri soceri, ut mea conjunx soletur of my father-in-law, that my spouse may console se imagine sponsi/^ 230 Dixit; et herself with the image of her hetrothed.'' He spoke ; and transtulit Phorcynida in illam partem ad turned Phorcynis (the Gorgon) in that direction to quam Pliineus obverterat se trepido ore. which Phineus had turned himself with fearful face. Tum, quoque^ cervix diriguit conanti flectere Then, also, his neck stiffened as he endeavored to turn sua lumina, que humor oculorum indnruit saxo ; his eyes, and the moisture of the eyes hardened to stone; sed, tamen, timidum os, que supplex vultus, hut, however, his fearful face^ and suppliant countenance, que submissae manus, que obnoxia facies^ mansit in and lowered hands, and guilty face, remained in mar more. the marhle. Victor Abantiades intrat patrios muros The conqueror descendant of Abas enters his native icalls cum conjuge, et vindex que ultor with his spouse, and as publisher and avenger immeritae parentis aggreditur Proetum : nam of his innocent parent (Cassiope) 7ie attacks P^oetus : for fratre fugato per arma, Proetns possederat when his brother was routed by arms, Proetus had possessed Acrisioneas arces. Sed superavit torva lumina the Acrisian citadel. But he overcame the grim eyes PERSEUS. 173 colubriferi monstri, 240 nee ope of the snake-hearing monster y neither hy the help armoruni, nee arce^ qiiam ceperat male. of arms, nor hy the citadel, which he had taken wickedly. Tamen nee virtus jiivenis, spectata per However, neither the valor of the yout\ tried through tot labores, nor mala mollierant you, O so many lahors, nor sorrows had softened you, Polydecta, rector parvae Seriphi ; sed durus exerces Polydectes, ruler of little Seriphus; hut severe you shoio inexorabile odium, nee est finis in iniqua inexorahle hatred, nor is there an end to your unjust ira. Detrectas etiam laudes, que arguis anger. You deny even his praises, and you allege that necem Medusae esse fictam. Perseus ait, " Dabimus the death of Medusa is feigned. Perseus says, ''We will give tibi pignora veri; parcite luminibus:^^ que you proofs of the truth; turn away your eyes :'' »^ and fecit ora regis silicem sine sanguine he made the face of the king a flint without Mood Medusaeo ore. hy Medusa's face. 250 Hactenus Tritonia dedit se comitera Hitherto Tritonia presented herself as a companion aurigeno fratri. Inde circumdata cava to her gold-hegotten hrother. Hence surrounded hy a hollow nube deserit Seriphon, Cythno que Gyaro cloud she quits Seriphus, while Cythnus and Gyarus relictis a dextra. Que petit Thebas que are left on the right. And she seeks Thehas and Helicona, virgineum, qua via visa Helicon, the home of the maidens, where the way seemed brevissima super pontum ; potita quo monte shortest over the deejj; having gained this mountain constitit, et sic afFata est doctas sorores : " Fama shehalted, and thus accosted the learned sisters: ^'Thefame 12 174 METAMORPHOSES — V. pervenit has come novi fontis of a new fountain dura ungula praepetis the hard hoof of the fleet ad to nostras my aures quem ears, ichich Medusaei Pegasus causa mihi viae. {fountain) {is) the cause of 7ny journey. mirabile monstrum; vidi the wonderful prodigy; I saw materno sanguine, from his mother's blood." " Quaecumque est causa ''Whatsoever is the cause rupit, is broke, that Volui cernere I wished to behold ipsuni him 260 excipit : replies: nasci spring Uranie Urania tibi videndi has domos, of your seeing these houses, div^a, es gratissima nostro animo. Tanien goddess, you are most delightful to our mind. However, fama est vera. the report is origio {is) the origin sacros the sacred hujus of this latices. loaters. ictibus et Pegasus true, and Pegasus fontis;" et deduxit Pallada ad fou^itain ;'' and she led Pallas to Quae mirata diu undas factas She, having admired long the waters made by the blow pedis, circumspicit lucos antiquaruni silvarum, of his foot, surveys the groves of the ancient woods, que antra, et herbas distinctas innumeris and the grottos, and the herbs distinguished with innumerable floribus;que vocat Mneraonidas pariter felices flowers; and she calls the Mnemonidae (Muses) equally happy que studii que loci. Quara una sororum both in their study and the place. Her one of the sisters affata est addressed SIC : thus . virtus valor majora greater opera, works, m into partem a sJiare probas approve '' Nisi -If O Tritonia, Tritonia, nostri chori, of our band, merito deservedly que both tulisset te ad had not carried you to 270 Ventura you who iDould now come refers vera, que you say true {things), and artes que locum ; et the arts and the place; and HIPPOCRENE. 175 habemus gratam sortera^ modo simus tutae. we have an agreeable lot, provided we are safe, Sed — adeo nihil est vetitum sceleri — omnia But — thus nothing is forbidden to wickedness — all things terrent virgineas mentes, que dims Pyreneus frighten mrgin minds, and the dreadful Pyreneus vertitur ante ora, et nonduni recepi is turned before our faces, and not yet have I recovered me tota mente. Ille ferox ceperat myself with whole mind. That ferocious {tyrant) had taken Daulia que Phocea rura Threicio milite, the Daulian and Phocean countries with Thracian soldiers, que tenebat injusta regna. Petebamus Parnasia and held a usurped kingdom. We sought the Parnasian templa. Vidit emites ; que veneratus nostra temple. He saio {us) going; and having reverenced our numina fallaci cultu, dixit, 280 ^ Mnemonides, deities with deceitful worship, he said, '0 Muses, consistite/ enim cognorat, ^nec dubitate, precor, stop,' for he kneiD us, 'nor hesitate, I pray, vitare grave sidus et imbrem ' — imber erat — to avoid the heavy storm and rain ' — it teas raining — ^meo tecto. Superi saepe subiere miuores casas.' ' in my house. The gods often have entered smaller cottages.^ Motae . dictis et tempore, que annuimus Moved by his words and by the weather, we both assented viro que intravimus primas aedes. to the man and entered the front of his house. Tmbres desierant, que Austro victo The rain ceased, and the south wind was conquered Aquilonibus, oaelo repurgato, fusca hy the north wind, the heaven was cleared again, the dusky nubila fugiebant. Impetus fuit ire. Pyreneus mists fled. Our wish was to go. Pyreneus claudit sua tecta, que parat vim, quam nos, shuts his house, and prepares violence, which we, 176 METAMORPHOSES — V. sumptis alis, effugimus. Ipse, similis secuturo, taking wing, escaped. Himself, as about to follow, ardiius stetit arce, que dixit, 290^ Qua via on high stood in a tower ^ and said, ' Where a way est vobis, erit et raihi eadem/ que is yours, it shall he also to me by the same,' and vecors, jacit se e culmine summae insane, he casts himself from the top of the highest turris, et cadit in vultus, que moriens tundit tower, and falls upon his face, and dying strikes ossibus discussi oris humura, tinctam with the hones of his shattered skull the ground, dyed scelerato sanguine/^ with his wicked blood.*' Musa loquebatur. Pennae sonuere per auras The Muse spoke. Wings sounded through the air que vox salutantum veniebat ab altis ramis. and a voice of salutation came from the lofty branches Suspicit, et quaerit unde linguae Bhe (Minerva) looks up, and inquires whence tongues loquentes tam certa sonent ; que nata speaking (words) so distinctly sound; and the daughter Jove putat hominem locutum. Erant ales. of Jupiter thinks a man spoke. They ic ere birds. Que picae novera numero, querentes sua fata, And magpies, nine in number, lamenting their fate, institerant ramis, imitantes omnia. had perched on the boughs, imitating all things. 300 Dea orsa sic deae The goddess (Urania) began thus to the goddess (Pallas) rairanti: ^^ Et istae nuper victae certamine wondering: "And those lately conquered in a contest auxerunt turbam volucrum. Pieros dives in have increased the number of the birds. Pierus rich in Pellaeis arvis genuit has; Euippe Paeonis fuit Bella's land begot these; Euippe from Paeonia was PIERIDES. 177 raater. Ilia, paritura noviens, vocavit noviens the mother. She, in labor nine times, called nine times potentem Lucinam. Turba stolldarum sororum the powerful Lucina. The crowd of foolish sisters intumuit numero, que venit hue swelled {with pride) at the number, and come hither per tot Haemonias, et per tot through so many Haemonian, and through so many Achaidas urbes, et committunt proelia tali Achaean cities^ and engage in a dispute with such voce: ^^Desinite fallere indoctum vulgus vana words : *^ Cease to deceive the unlearned people by vain dnloedine; Thespiades deae, certate nobiscum, si sweetness; Thespian goddesses, contend with us, if qua fiducia est vobis. 310 Vincemur nee any confidence is yours. We shall be conquered neither voce, nee arte ; que sumus totidem. by your voice, nor art; and we are just as many (as you). Vel victae cedite Medusaeo fonte, Or else conquered withdraic from the Medusa's fountain, et Hyantea Aganippe, vel nos cedamus and Hyantean Aganippe, or let us withdraw Emathiis campis usque ad nivosos Paeonas. from the Emathian plains to the snowy Paeonians. Nymphae dirimant certaraina.'^ Erat Let the Nymphs determine the contests.'' It was turpe quidem contendere, sed visum shameful indeed to contend, hut it seemed turpius cedere. Electae nymphae jurant per more shameful to yield. The chosen nymphs swear by flumina, que pressere sedilia facta de the rivers, and sat on seats made of Vivo saxo. Tunc prior quae professa est the living rock. Then the first who proposed se certare, sine sorte, canit bella to contend, without a lot {being drawn), sings of the wars 1 78 METAMORPHOSES — V. superum, que ponit Gigantas in falso lionore, of the gods, and places the Giants in false honor, 320 et extenuat facta magnorum deorum ; que and detracts from the deeds of the great gods; and Typlioea emissum de ima sede (asserts) that Tyxjho'eiis was sent away from the lowest seat terrae fecisse metum eaelitibus, que cunctos of the earth and brought fear to the celestials, and all dedisse terga fiigae, douec Egyptia tell us turned their hacks in flight, until the Egyptian land ceperit fessos, et Nilus discretus in received them wearied, and the Nile separated into septem ostia. Narrat terrigenam Typhoea seven mouths. She relates that the earth -begotten Typho'eus venisse hue quoque^ et siiperos eelasse se came hither also, and the gods concealed themselves mentitis figurls; que dixit: ^^Juppiter fit in feigned shapes; and she said : ''Jupiter becomes dux gregis ; unde nunc quoque Libys Amnion leader of a flock ; whence now also Libyan Ammon est formatus cum recurvis cornibus. Delius is formed with crooked horns. Delius (Apollo) latuit in corvo, Semeleia proles capro, lay hidden in a crow, Semele's son in a goat, 330 soror Plioebi fele, Saturnia the sister of Phoehus in a cat, Saturnia (Jwno) nivea vacca, Venus pisce, Cyllenius in a snowy cow, Venus in a fish, Cyllenius (Mercur}^ alis ibidis.'' in the icings of an ibis.'' Hactenus moverat vocal ia ora ad Hitherto she hadmoved her speaking mouth to(the sound of) citharam, Aonides poscimur. Sed forsitan the harp. We Aonides are asked {to sing). But perhaps otia sint non, nee vacet tibi praebere aurem leisure may be not, nor leisure for you to lend an ear CEBES. 179 nostris cantibus/^ Pallas ait^ "Dubita ne, que refer to our songs." Pallas says^ ''Hesitate not, and relate mihi vestrum carmeu ordine ; ^^ que consedit in to rifie your song in order ;'' and she sat down in levi umbra nemoris. Musa refert : " Dedimus the light shade of a grove. The muse relates: ''We gave summam certaminis uni." Calliope the management of the contest to one {of us) ."" Calliope surgit, et collecta immissos capillos hedera, rises, and gathering her long locks in ivy, praetentat querulas chordas pollice, 340 atque she turns the plaintive strings with her thumb and subjungit haec carmiua nervis percussis. sings this song from the strings when struck. Ceres prima dimovit glaebam unco aratro, Ceres first separated the clods with crooked plow, prima dedit fruges que mitia alimenta first she gave fruits and wholesome nourishments terris, prima dedit leges. Omnia sunt munus to the lands, first she gave laws. All things are the gift Cereris. Ilia est canenda mihi. Utinam possera of Ceres. She is to he sung hyme. that Imightheahle modo dicere carmina digna dea ! Certe only to sing a song worthy of the goddess! Surely dea est digna carmine. Vasta Trinacris the goddess is worthy of my song. The vast Sicilian insula ingesta est giganteis membris, et island has been heaped up on the gianfs limbs, and urget magnis molibus Typhoea subjectum, presses with great masses Typhoeus lying beneath, ausum sperare aethereas sedes. Ille quidem since Jie dared to hope for the heavenly seats. He indeed nititur, que pugnat saepe resurgere ; 350 sed strives, and struggles often to rise ; but dextra manus est subjecta Ausonio Peloro, his right hand is placed under the Ausonian PeloruSj 1 80 METAMORPHOSES — Y. laeva tibi, Pachyne ; crura prerauntur tlie left under you, Pachynus ; Ms legs are pressed down Lilybaeo; Aetna degravat caput, sub qua hy Lilyhaeus ; Aetna weighs down his head, under which Typhoeus resupinus ejectat arenas, que vomit Typhoeus on his back casts forth sands, and vomits flammara fero ore. Luctatur saepe flame from his fierce mouth. He struggles often remoliri pondera terrae, que devolvere oppida topushhack the weight of the earth, and to roll off the towns et magnos montes corpore; inde tellus and great mountains from his body ; then the earth tremit, et rex ipse silentum trembles, and the king himself of the silent {shades) pavet, ne pateat, que solum retegatur trembles, lest it open, and the ground may be uncovered lato hiatu, que dies imniissus terreat by the broad opening, and day let in may affright trepidantes umbras. Tyrannus metuens banc cladem the trembling shades. the ruler fearing this ruin exierat tenebrosa sede, 360 que vectus curru went out from his dark seat, and borne in a chariot atrorum equorum, cautus ambibat fundamina with black horses, cautiously went round the foundations Siculae terrae. Postquam exploratum est satis of Sicily. After it was proved sufficiently nulla loca labare, que metus that no places tottered, and his fears {were) deposit!, Erycina, residens suo monte, videt laid aside, Erycina (Venus), seated on her mountain, sees hunc vagantem, que amplexa volucrem natum, him straying, and having embraced her winged son, dixit, ^^Nate, mea arma, que meae manus, saidy ''Oson, my arms, and my hands, {and my) potentia ; Cupido, cape ilia arma, quibus superas power; Cupid, take those arms, by which you overcome CERES. 181 omnes, que molire celeres sagittas in pectus allj and prepare fleet arrows against the breast dei, cui novissima fortuna triplicis regni of the god, to whom the last fortune of the triple kingdom cessit. Tu domas superos, que Jovem ipsum, fell. You subdue the gods, even Jupiter himself, 370 tu victa numina ponti, que you {subdue) the conquered deities of the deep, and ipsum qui regit numiua ponti. Quid Tartara him who rules the deities of the deep. Why is Tartarus cessant? Cur prefers non que imperium exempt ? Why do you not extend both the empire niatris que tuum ? Tertia pars mundi of your mother and your own? The third part of the world agitur. Et tamen, quae est jam nostra is at stake. And yet, what is now to our patientia, spernimur in caelo, ac vires Amoris sorrow, we are despised in heaven, and the forces of Love minuuntur mecum. Nonne vides Pallada, are diminished together with me. Bo you not see Pallas, que jaculatricem Dianam abscessisse mihi ? and the huntress Diana have withdrawn from me f Filia Cereris quoque erit, si The daughter of Ceres also will be so, if patiemur, nam affectat easdem spes. At we shall suffer it, for she aims at thf same hopes. But tu juno;e deam patruo, si mea gratia est do you unite the goddess to her uncle, if my favor is qua pro socio regno." Venus dixit. of any weight for our allied kingdom.'' Venus spoke. Ille solvit pharetram, 380 et seposuit unam de He loosed his quiver, and drew one of mille sagittis arbitrio matris ; sed a thousand arrows by the will of his mother; but {one) qua nee ulla est nee acutior nee minus incerta, than which none is either more sharp nor less uncertain. 182 METAMORPHOSES — V. nec nor que and que which arcuru the how que and curvavit he bent audiat vbei/s the bow better; flexile cornu genu oppositae, the flexible horn {of the bow) by the knee pressed against it, in cor hamata in the heart with a hooked percussit Ditem struck Pluto arundine. shaft. Hand procul a Hennaeis moenibus est lacus Not far from Henna's walls is a lake altae aquae, nomine Fergus. Caystros audit of deep water, by name Fergus. Cayster hears non plura carmina cygnorum ilia in labentibus not more songs of sicans than that in its gliding aquas, the waters, frondibus, que and coronat croicns suis by its undis. Silva cingens omne latus waves. A wood encompassing e^cery side submovet Phoebeos ignes shuts out the sun's fires ut velo. 390 Rami dant frigora, leaves, as by a veil. The boughs give coolness, humida humus flores. Ver est perpetuum the moist ground flowers. The spring is perpetual. luco dum Proserpina ludit, et carpit aut grove tchile Proserpina sports, aut Candida lila, que dum Quo In this violas violets carpit and plucks either or whiti^ lilies, and while calathos puellari studio, et baskets loitJi childish zeal, and que and aequales legendo, her friends in gathering, rapta Diti pene carried off by Pluto almost properatur. Dea is Jiastened. The goddess implet she fills certat strives sinum her bosom superare to exceed amor love visa est que dilecta, que she teas seen and beloved, and usque adeo to such a pitch clamat et cj'ies for both simul : at the same time . territa affrighted matrem mother et and comites, attendants. sed hut matrem her mother saepuis, oftener. PROSERPmA. 183 maesto ore ; et ut laniarat vestem mith mournful sounds ; and as she had torn her robe ab SLimma ora, collecti flores cecidere from the upper edge, the gathered flowers fell remissis tunlcis. 400 Que tanta simplicitas from her loosened robe. And so great simplicity adfuit puerilibus annis, haec jactiira quoqiie was present to her childish years, this loss also movit virgiaeum dolorera. Raptor agit excited the maiden's grief The ravisher drives currus, et exhortatur equos, quemque vocatos the chariot, and encourages the horses, each called nomine, per colla que jubas quorum by name, over the necks and manes of which excutit habenas, tinctas obscura ferrugine ; he shakes out the reins, dyed with dark rust; que fertur per sacros lacus et stagna and he is borne through sacred lakes and the ponds Palicorura, olentia sulfure, ferventia of the Palici, smelling strong with brimstone, boiling rupta terra, et qua Bacchiadae, from the broken earth, and where the Bacchiadae, gens orta Corintho bimari, posuerunt a nation sprung from Corinth with its tico seas, built moeuia inter inequales portus. a city between unequal harbors. Est aequor, medium Cyanes et Pisaeae There is a sea, beticeen Cyane and Plsaean Arethusae, 410 quod inelusum coit angustis Arethusa, which enclosed comes together ivith narrow cornibus. Hie fuit Cyane, celeberrima inter ridges. Here was Cyane, the most famous among Sicelidas Nvmphas, a cujus nomine quoque Sicilian Nymphs, from whose name also stagnum dictum, quae exstitit medio gurgite the pond was called, who stood out in the middle of the flood 184 METAMORPHOSES — V. teims sumraa alvo, que agnovit deum. Inquit, as far as Iter waist, and recognized the god. She say s^ ^^Necibitis longius. Non potes esse gener ^' You shall not go farther. You cannot he son-in-law Cereris invitae : fuit roganda, iion rapienda. of Ceres if unwilling : she was to he asked, not torn away. Quod si est fas mihi componere parva But if it is right for me to compare small things magnis, Anapis et dilexit me : tamen, exorata, to great, Anapis also loved me : however, entreated, nee exterrita, ut haec, nupsi/^ Dixit, and not affrighted^ as this girl, I married him.' ^ She spoke, et tendens bracchia in diversas partes, and stretching her arms in different directions, 420 obstitit. Saturnius tenuit baud she opposed. The son of Saturn restrained not irani ultra, que hortatus terribiles his wrath further, and hamng encouraged the dreadful equos, eondidit regale sceptrum, contortum valido horses, he huried the royal sceptre, hurled with strong lacerto, in ima gurgitis. Tellus arm, in the loicest (parts) of the waters. The earth iota fecit viam in Tartara, et recepit struck opened a way into Tartarus, and received pronos currus medio cratere. At the plunging chariot in the middle of the hasin. But Cyane, maerens que deam raptam que Cyane, grieving hoth for the goddess ravished and contempta jura sui fontis, gerit inconsolabile the despised rights of her fountain, hears an inconsolable vulnus tacita mente, que omnis absumitur wound in her silent mind, and all is wasted lacrimis : et extenuatur in illas 171 tears : and she is diminished into those aquas, quarum fuerat modo magnum numen. waters, of which she had been lately the great deity. PROSERPINA. 185 Videres membra molliri, 430 ossa paii You could see her limbs softening, the hones submitting to flexus, ungues posuisse rigoreiu ; que bendings, the nails laying aside their hardness ; and quaeque tenuissima de tota prima liquescunt, each slender extremity of the whole first melt, oaerulei criues, que digiti, et crura, que pedes ; the dark hair, and fingers, and legs, and feet ; nam transitus est brevis exilibus menibris in gelidas for the change is short from slender limbs to cold waves. Post haec, umeri que tergura, que latus, waves. After these, shoulders and back, and side, que pectora, abeunt, evanida in tenues rivos. and the breast, dissolve, vanishing into thin rivulets. Denique, lympha pro vivo sanguine subit vitiatas Lastly, water instead of live blood enters her corrupted venas, que nihil restat quod possis prendere. veins, and nothing remains which you can catch. Interea fib'a quaesita est Meantime the daughter (Proserpina) was sought nequiquam omnibus terris, omni profundo, in vain in all lands, in every sea, pavidae matri. 440 Aurora veniens rutib's by her frightened mother . Aurora coming with ruddy capillis vidit illam non cessantem, non locks saw her not ceasing (taking repose), nor Hesperus. Ilia succendit pinus duabus manibus did Hesperus. She lighted pines with her two hands ab flammifera Aetna que irrequieta tulit from fiery Aetna and restless bore {them) per pruinosas tenebras ; rursus, ubi alma dies through the frosty gloom; again, when serene day hebetarat sidera, quaerebat natam ab had extinguished the stars, she sought her daughter from oeeasum sol is ad ortu sol is. Fessa the setting of the sun to the rising of the sun. Fatigued 186 METAMORPHOSES — V. labore, collegerat sitim, que nulli fontes by the labor, she had contracted thirst, and no fountains colluerant ora, cum vidit forte casam had washed her mouth, ichen she saw by chance a cottage tectam stramine, que pulsavit parvas fores. covered tcith straw, and she knocked at the small door. At inde anus proditj que videt divam, But then an old woman comes forth, and sees the goddess, que dedit roganti lympham, 450 dulce, gave to her as she asked pure icater, sweet coxerat ante tosta she had boiled before with toasted and (a sweet drink) polenta. barley meal. duri of an impudent deam, the goddess, Offensa est, She icas offended quod ichich Duni While ilia she bibit drinks datu m. wine given, andax, constitit bold. puer a boy que and oris et andax, constitit ante face and bold, stood before vocavit avidam. called her greedy. adhnc parte neque epota, {and while) as yet a part teas not drunk up. risit, laughed. que and diva perfudit loquentem polenta the goddess sprinkled {him) as he spoke with the barley meal et and qua where mutatis to his changed mixta cum liquido. mingled with the liquid. gerit crura he bears legs est addita is added in brevem formam into a short shape, sit, que mensura est maybe {his), and his size is 460 Fugit anum, mirantem He fled from the old icoman, as she icondered flentem, et parantem tangere monstra, wept, and was pi^eparing to touch the monster. Os combibit maculas, {His) face contracts the stains, gessit braccbia modo ; cauda he bore arms lately; ■ a tail membris ; que contrahitur limbs; and he is contracted ne magna vis nocendi lest a great power for injury lacerta. lizard. minor less than parva a small que and que and CERES. 187 petit latebram, que habet nomen aptum colori, seeks a lurking hole, and has a name suited to his color, stellatus variis giittis corpora. being starred with various spots all over his body. Mora est longa dicere per qiias terras, et The task is long to say through what lands, and qiias undas, dea erraverit; orbis defiiit what waters, the goddess strayed ; the globe was too limited quaerenti. Repetit Sicaniani. Que dum for her search. She returns to Sicily. And while lustrat omnia euiido, venit et ad she observes all things as she passes, she came also to Cyanen ; ea narrasset omnia, ni fuisset Cyane ; she would have told all things, unless she had mutata; sed et os et lingua been changed; but both mouth and tongue non aderant volenti dicere, nee were not available {to her) though she wished to speak, nor habebat quo loqueretur. did she have {anything) with which she might speak. Tamen, dedit manifesta signa, que ostendit in Hoicever, she gave clear signs, and showed on sum mis undis zonam Persephones notam the crest of the waves the girdle of Proserpina known parentij delapsam forte illo loco, to her parent, which had slipped off by chance in that place, sacro gurgite. 470 Simul diva agnovit in tJie sacred whirlpool. As soon as the goddess recognized quam, laniavit inornatos capillos, tamquam scisset this, she tore Iter unadorned lockSy as if she knew tum denique raptam, et percussit then at last that she had been stolen, and struck pectora repetita suis palmis. Nee scit her breast repeatedly with her hands. Nor does she know adhnc* ubi sit; tamen, increpat omnes as yet where she is ; however, she exclaims against all 188 METAMORPHOSES — V. terras, que vocat lands, and calls in in vestigia the traces ingratas, nee them ungrateful, nor frugum, Trinacriara ante alias, of fruits, Sicily before all others, damni. Ergo of her loss. Therefore nianu aratra vertentia ha7id the jjloics turning dedit parili leto put to a similar death the husbandmen boves ; the oxen ; fecit made dignas munere worthy of the gift qua which fregit she broke repperit she found saeva with cruel glaehas the clods illic, there. que and colonos, que que and jussit ordered arva 480 the lands que and semina the seeds per through {seed), terrae, vulgata of the earth, famed falsa ; segetes moriuntur valueless ; the crops modo nimius now too much vitiata. corrupted. latum the broad irata in anger ruricolas, and the land-tillers, fallere depositum, to fail the planted Fertilitas The fertility orbem, globe, jacet lies die prim is the early herbi in in the early blades sol, modo nimius imber corripit. sun, now too much rain spoils it. IS, sidera que the stars and venti winds nocent, do injury, lolium darnel que and et and Que And avidae volucres greedy birds que tribuli et and thistles and legunt jacta semina gather the sown seeds ; inexpugnabile gramen fatigant triticeas messes. unconquerable weeds choice the wheat crops. Turn Alpheias extulit caput Eleis undis, que Then Alpheias raised her head from the Elean waves, and removit rorantes comas a fronte pushed back her dew-dropping hair from her forehead ad aures, atque ait, to her ears, and says, ^^O genetrix virginis quaesitae '' mother of the virgin sought toto orbe, 490 et frugura, in the whole globe, and of fruits, labores, neve violenta irascere labor, and do not in your violence be angry siste immensos stop your immense terrae at the earth CERES. 189 fidae tibi. Terra meruit nihil ; faithful to you. The earth has deserved nothing {severe); que invita patuit rapinae. and unwillingly she was open to plunder (unwillingly Nec sum supplex opened to give a path to the robber). Nor ami a suppliant pro patria; veni hue hospita. for my native country ; I have come hither as a guest Pisa est mihi patria, et ducimus ortum (stranger). Fisa is my country , and I derive my origin ab Elide. Peregrina, colo Sicaniam; sed haec from Elis. A sojourner, I live in Sicily ; hut this terra est gratior mihi omni solo : land is more agreeable to me than all other lands : nunc, Arethusa, habeo hos penates, now, {named) Arethusa, I have these as my household gods, hunc sedem, quam serva tu, mitissima. this seat, which may you protect, mildest one. Hora veniet, tempestiva meis narratibus, cur An hour will come, seasonable for my tale, why mota sim loco, que advehar Ortygiam, Ihave been moved from my place, and conveyed to Ortygia, per undas tanti aequoris ; 500 cum tu through the waves of so great a sea ; when you eris que levata curis, et melioris will be both lightened from cares , and of a more cheerful vultus. Pervia tellus praebet iter mihi, countenance. The passable earth affords a way to me, que ablata subter imas cavernas, hie and carried away beneath the lowest caverns, here attollo caput, que cerno desueta sidera. Ergo I raise my head, and behold strange stars. Therefore dum labor sub terris Stygio gurgite, while 1 glided under the land in the Stygian waters, tua Proserpina visa est illic nostris oculis. Ilia your Proserpina was seen there by my eyes. She 13 190 METAMORPHOSES — V. quidem tristis, nee adhue interrita vultu; indeed was sad, nor as yet undismayed in countenance; sed tamen regina, sed maxima opaei hut however {she was) a queen, and the greatest of the dark mimdi, sed tamen, pollens matrona inferni world, but however, the powerful wife of the infernal tyranni/^ Mater stupuit ad voces auditas, ruler." The mother was amazed at the words she heard, ceu saxea ; 510 que fuit diu similis as if turned to stone ; and was long like attonitae. Que ut gravis amentia one thunderstruck. And when her great bewilderment pulsa est great dolore, exit in was dispelled by her heavy grief she goes out into aethereas auras curribus: ibi, nubila toto the ethereal sky in a chariot ; there, clouded all over her vultu, stetit invidiosa passis capillis, countenance, she stood revengeful with dishevelled locks, ante Jovem, que inquit, ^^Yeni supplex, before Jupiter, and says, " I have come a suppliant, Juppiter, tibi, que pro mea sanguine, que pro Jupiter, to you, both for my child, and for tuo. Si gratia matris est nulla, yours. If the favor of a mother is of no effect, nata moveat patrem ; neu cura let the daughter move her father ; nor let the care illius sit vilior, precamur, quod edita est for her be less, I pray, because slie was brought forth nostro partu. En ! nata, quaesita diu, reperta est by my labor. Lo ! my daughter, sought long, has been found tandem mihi ; si vocas reperire amittere at length by me ; if you call {that) to find her^ to lose her certius, 520 aut si vocas reperire more surely, or if you call {tli at) to find her scire ubi sit. Feremus quod to know where she is, I shall bear {the fact) that {she has CERES. 191 rapta, dummodo reddat earn. Eiiim tua been) torn away, provided he restores her. For your filia est neque digna praedone marito, si daughter is not deserving of a robber husband, even if jam mea filia est digua/' Juppiter excepit : now my daughter is deserving.'' Jupiter answered: ^^Nata est commune pigniis que onus mihi '' Your daughter is a common pledge and charge tome tecum, sed si modo placet addere vera with you, but if only it pleases you to give true nomina rebus, hoc factum est non injuria, verum names to things, this deed is not an injury, but amor. Neque ille gener erit pudori nobis ; love. Nor shall that son-in-law be a shame to us ; modo tu, diva, velis. Ut cetera provided you, goddess, are willing. Though the rest desint quantum est esse fratrem were wanting^ how great {a thing) is it to be a brother Jovis ! quid, quod nee cetera of Jupiter ! why so? — because neither other {advantages) desunt, nee cedit sorte, nisi are wanting (to him), nor does he yield in lot, except mihi; sed si tanta cupido 530 discidii to me ; but if so great desire for their separation tibi, Proserpina repetet caelum ; tamen, is yours y Proserpina may seek again heaven; however, certa lege, si contigit nullos on a certain condition {namely), if she has touched no cibos illic ore. Nam sic cautum est food there with her mouth. For thus it has been provided foedere Parcarum.'' by the covenant of the Fates.'' Dixerat: at est certum Cereri educere natam. He spoke : but Ceres resolved to lead out her daughter. Non ita fates sinunt; qnoniam virgo solverat Not so the fates permit; since the virgin had broken 192 METAMORPHOSES — V. jejnuia, et dum simplex errat in cultis her fast^ and while innocent she strays in the cultivated hortis, decerpserat puniceum pomum gardens, she had plucked a purple apple (a pomegranate) ciirva arbore ; que presserat sno ore from a bent tree ; and had pressed in her mouth seplem graiia sumpta de pallenti cortice ; que seven grains taken from the pale rind : and Ascalaphus solus ex omnibus viderat illud^ quern Ascalaphus alone of all saw that, he whom Orpluie, 540 baud ignotissima inter Avernales Orphne, not themost unknown among the Avernian Nymphas, dicitur peperisse quondam ex suo NymphSy is said to have home once to her own Acheronte sub furvis antris. Vidit et Acheron under his dusky caverns. He saic {it) and crudelis ademit reditum indieio. Regina cimel took away her return by the information. The queen Erebi ingemuit, que fecit testem of Erebus groaned, and changed the icitness into profanam avem ; que vertit caput an accursed bird; and turned the head {which she) sparsum Phlegethontide lympha in rostrum^ et sprinkled with Phlegethon's water into a beak^ and plumas et grandia lumina. Ille ablatus sibi, feathers aiid large eyes. He, taken aicay from himself amicitur ab fulvis alis, que crescit (despoiled of his shape), u' cZo^A^cZ 52^' yellow wings, and grows in caput, que reflectitur longos ungues, {especially) in his head, and bends back his long nails, que vix movat pennas natas per inertia and hardly moves the icings grown through the sluggish bracchia;que fit foeda volucris, nuntia veri arms; and he becomes afoul bird, a messenger of real luctuSj 550 ignavus bubo, dirum omen mortalibus. grief, a lazy oicl^ a dreadful token to mortals. ASCALAPHUS. 193 Hie, tamen, potest videri commeruisse poenam He, howeveVy can seem to have deserved punisJiment indicio que lingua. Acheloides, by the information and (of) his tongue. daughters ofAchelous, unde vobis pluma que pedes avium, whence {came) to you the feathers and feet of birds, cum geratis ora virginis? An quia although you bear the looks of maidens f Is it because doctae Sirens eratis in numero comitum, you learned Sirens were in the number of attendants, cum Proserpina legeret vernos flores ? Postquam when Proserpina gathered the spring flowers f After quaesistis quam frustra in toto orbe, optastis you sought her in vain over the whole globe, you wished posse insistere remis alarum super fluctus, to be able to rely on the oarage of wings over the waves, ut aequora sentirent protinus vestram curam, that the seas might feel iinmediately your anxiety, que habuistis faciles deos, et 560 vidistis vestros and you had favorable gods, and saw your artus flavescere subitis pennis. Tamen, limbs grow yellow with quickly growing feathers. However, ne ille canor, natus ad mulcendas aures que lest that melody, born to soothe the ears and tanta dos oris deperderet usum linguae, so great a gift of face might lose the use of a tongue, virginei vultus, et humana vox remansit. your virgin countenance, and human voice remained. At Juppiter, medius que sui fratris que But Jupiter, mediator both between his brother and maestae sororis, dividit volventem annum ex aequo. sorrowful sister, divides the rolling year equally Nunc dea, commune numen duorum (between them) . Now the goddess, a common deity of the two regnorum, est totidem menses cum matre, kingdoms, is just as many months with her mother^ 1 94 META^fORPHOSES — V. totidem cum coiijuge. Facies et mentis as with her husband. The appearance both of mind et oris vertitur extemplo : nam and of countenance is changed immediately : for {the brow^ quae poterat videri maesta quoque Diti, 570 est which could seem sorrowful even to Pluto, is laeta frons deae, ut sol, qui the joyful forehead of a goddess, as the sun, which tectus fuit ante aquosis nubibus, ubi, nubibus has been covered before by watery clouds, tchen, after the clouds victis, exit. ai^e dispersed, he comes forth (to view). Maxima e nobis finierat doctos cantus. The greatest (Calliope) of us ended her learned song. At Nymphae dixere concordi sono And the Nymphs said with unanimous 'voice that deas colentes Helicona vicisse. Cum the goddesses inhabiting Helicon had conquered. WJien victae jacerent convicia, dixit, "Quoniam the vanquished began to cast reproaches, she said, ''Since est parum vobis meruisse supplicium it is a trifle to you to have deserved punishment certamine que additis maledicta culpae, by the contest^ and you add evil sayings to your faulty et libera patientia est non nobis, ibimus and free (complete) patience is not ours, ice shall proceed in poenas, et sequemur qua ira vocat.'^ to punishments, and will follow ichere anger calls.'* Ematbides rident, que spernunt minacia The Emathides laugh, and despise our threatening verba, 670 que conatae loqui, et in ten tare words, and endeavoring to speak, and to menace protervas manus magno clamore, adspexere {icith) insolent hands with great noise, they beheld pennas exire per suos ungues, bracchia feathers coming out of their nails, and their arms PIERIDES. 195 operiri plumis, que vident altera ora alteriiis covered with feathers, and they see one another' s face concrescere rigido rostro, que novas volucres growing hard with a stiff beak, and new birds accedere silvas. Que duni volunt plangi, to be added to the woods. And while they try to lament, picae, convicia nemorum, levatae per raota as magpies, the scandal of the groves, lifted by the waving bracchia, pendebant aere. Nunc quoque prisca arms, they hung in air. Now also the ancient facundia, que rauca garruHtas, que imraane talkativeness, and hoarse babbling, and an astonishing studium loquendi, remansit in alitibus. inclination to speak, has remained in the birds. 1 96 METAMORPHOSES — VI. BOOK VI. Tritonia praebuerat aurem talibus dictis, que Minerva had lent her ear to these sayings, and probaverat carmina Aonidum que justain had approved the verses of the Muses and {their) just iram. Turn secura^ '' Est parum laudare ; anger. Then {she said) with herself^ "It is little to praise; et ipsae laudemiir, nee siiiamus numina and let us too be praised, and let us not allow, our divinity sperni sine nostra poena/^ Que intendit to he despised without our punishment.'' And she turned animum fatis Maeoniae Arachnes, quam her mind to the fate of Maeonian Arachne, ichom audierat non cedere sibi laudibus she had heard did not yield to herself in praises lanificae artis. Ilia fuit non clara loco of woolworking art. She was not illustrious in rank nee origine gentis, sed arte. Colophonius nor in origin of family, hut hy her skill. Colophonian Idmon, huic pater, tingebat bibulas lanas Idmon, her father, dyed the soaking wools Phocaico murice. 10 Mater occiderat, sed et with Phocaean purple. {Her) mother icas dead, hut and haec fuerat de plebe, que aequa (a\so) she had heen from the common people, and equal suo viro. Tamen ilia quaesierat to her hushand. Yet she (Aracline) had acquired memorabile nomen studio per Lydas urbes, a memorahle name hy her skill through the Lydian cities, ARACHNE. 197 quamvis, orta parva domo, habitabat although, sprung of an humble family, she lived parvis Hypaepis. Ut aspicerent hujus in the small Hypaepae. That they might see her admirabile opus, saepe nymphae deseruere vineta remarkable work, often the nymphs deserted the vineyards sui Timoli, Pactolides nymphae deseruere suas of their Timolus, the Pact olian nymphs deserted their uudas. Nee solum juvabat spectare vestes waters. Xor only was it a delight to view the robes facias; tum quoque, cuai fiereiit when made; but also, ichen they were being made tantus decor adfuit arti. Sive so great beauty was present in the working. Whet/ier glomerabat rudem lauam in primos orbes, 20 sen she rolled the rough wool into the first balls, or subigebat opus digitis, que mollibat vellere ravelled the work with her fingers, and softened the fieece repetita longo tractu, aequantia nebulas, worked again with long drawing, equaling the mists ; sive versabat teretem fusum levi poUice, ichether she revolved the taper spindle with light thumb, seu pingebat acu ; scires or embroidered with the needle; you might see doctam a Pallade. Quod tamen ipsa she had been taught by Pallas. This however she negat, que offensa tanta magistra, ait, denies, and offended with so great a mistress, she says^ "Certet mecum; est nihil quod, ''Let her contend with me; there is nothing which, victa, recusem.'' Pallas simulat anum, if conquered, 1 shall refuse.'' Pallas personates an old icoman, que addit falsos canos in tempora, et baculum and adds false locks to her temples, and a staff quod sustinet infirmos artus, • which supports her infirm lirrihs. 198 METAMORPHOSES — TI. Tunc sic orsa loqui : '^ Grandior Then thus she began to speak : ''Great quae which non omnia 7iot everything venit ab seris annis. comes from length of years. consilium. Maxima fama advice. Let the greatest fame fugiamus. we should avoid. aetas habet age has Usus Experience inter among veniam, pardon^ petatur tibi he sought by you deae, que roga to the goddess, and ask dictis, supplice voce. words, with suppliant voice. roganti.'^ Adspicit banc to you if you ask.'' y^/i^ (Aracline) looks at her que relinquit fila incepta, que {eyes), and leaves the threads begun, confessa 30 Sperne Despise faciendae of working mortales. mortals. temeraria, rash woman, dabit will give manum, her hand. que and ne meum not my lanae wool Cede Yield tuis for your veniam pardon torvis, with stern retinens and scarcely restraining iram vultibus, Ilia She vix resecuta est she followed ^* Venis ''You come mops bereft que and icith such confecta icasted words : longa by long et and vixisse to have lived showing her anger by her looks, obscuram Pallada tali bus dictis the disguised Pallas mentis, of mind, nocet it is your misfortune tibi, si qua yours, if any audiat istas voces. 40 Est let her hear those words. There is in me. Neve putes ifi myself A?id you should not think profecisse monendo. Eadem sententia you have availed anything by advising. The same opinion senecta, old age, nimium diu too long. filia est daughter is satis consilii mihi enough wisdom for me , Si If tibi, yours, qua nurus est any daughter-in-law is nobis. is mine. Cur Why non does she not ipsa herself venit ? come ? Cur Why AtlACttNE. 199 vitat haec certamina ? ^' Tunc dea ait, does she avoid this contest?" Then the goddess says, " Venit/^ que removit anilem formam, '* She has come,''' and she removed the old woman's formy que exhibuit Pallada. Nyraphae que and exhibited {herself) as Pallas. The Nymphs and Mygdonides nurus venerantur numina. Virgo the Mygdonian women venerate the divinity. The virgin sola interrita est. Sed tamen erubuit, que alone was unfrightened. But yet she blushed, and subitus rubor notavit ora invita, a sudden redness marked her countenance unwilling que rursus evanuit, ut aer solet {to show it), and again vanished, as the air is wont fieri purpureus cum primum Aurora movetur, et to become red when first the mornings stirs, and post breve tempus candescere * ab ictu after a short time to become white from the rays solis. 50 Perstat iu incepto, que cupidine of the sun. She persists in her undertaking ^ and with desire stolidae palniae ruit in sua fata. Enim for foolish victory she rushes to her own fate. For neque nata Jove recusat, nee monet neither the daughter of Jupiter (Pallas) refuses, nor advises ulterius, nee jam difFert certamina. Hand mora ; farther, nor now defers the contest. There is no delay; ambae constituunt diversis partibus, et intendunt both stand in separate places, and stretch geminas telas gracili stamine. Tela vincta est the two webs with slender thread. The web was bound jugo; arundo secernit stamen; medium to the beam ; the reed separates the warp ; the middle of subtemen inseritur acutis radiis, quod the woof is inserted with the sharp shuttle, which digiti expediunt, atque ductum inter stamina, the fingers arrange, and brought between the threads, 200 METAMORPHOSES — VI. insecti denies the notched teeth Utraque Each festinant ; hastens ; moveDt they move laborem. their labor, Tyrium a Tyrian feriunt percusso pectine. strike with moving comb. cinctae vestes ad pectora, girding their garments to their breasts, 60 docta bracchia^ studio fallente their skilful arms, their eagerness deceiving Et illic purpura quae seusit which has been subjected to que and And there purple aenum caldron parvi discriminis^ of little distinction, percussis solibus struck by the sun ingenti in a large texitur, is woven, qualis as solet is wont et and arcus the bow inficere to tint tenues the slight ab after longum the long curvamine curve. in in quo which umbrae shades imbre a shower caelum heaven mille a thousand diversi different fallit deceives tangit touches i lentum the pliant vet us an ancient colores colors ipse itself 70 Pallas Minerva story pingit paints in Cecropia in Cecrojfs de concerning sedent augusta sit with august medio. Sua cum although tamen transitus yet the transition usque adeo quod to such a degree that that which ; tamen ultima distant. Et illic the same ; yet the last differ. And there aurum immittitur filis, et gold is interwoven with the threads, and deducitur in tela. is drawn out in the web. niteant, may glitter, spectantia lumina the viewing est idem argumentum scopuium the rock arce, citadel. et and antiquam the ancient nomine the na7ae Mavortis of Mars (the Areopagus) litem contention Bis sex caelestes Twice six celestials altis sedibus, Jove in high seats, Jupiter terrae. of the land. gravitate gravity facies inscribit quemque deorum in the centre. His own face describes each of the gods. w ARACHNE. 201 Imago Jovis est regalis. Facit deura The image of Jupiter is regal. She makes the god pelagi stare que ferire aspera saxa longo of the sea stand and strike the rough rocks with long tridente, que ferum exsiliiisse e medio trident, and a beast (horse) sprung out of the middle vulnere ; quo piguore vindicet urbem. of the opening ; by which pledge he may claim the city. At dat sibi clipeum, dat hastam But she gives to herself a shield, she gives a spear acutae cuspidis, dat galeam capiti : of sharp point, she gives a helmet for the head : pectus defenditur aegide; 80 que simulat her breast is defended by the aegis ; and she represents terram percussam de sua cuspide edere the earth , struck by her own spear point bringing forth fetura canentis olivae cum baccis, que deos the shoot of the pale olive with the berries, and the gods mirari. Victoria finis operi. Tamen ut admiring. Victory is the end of her work. Yet that aemiila laudis intelligat exempb's quod the rival of her praise may understand by examples what pretium speret pro tarn furialibus ausis, punishment she may expect for such mad darings, addit quattuor certamina in quattuor partes, clara she adds four contests in four parts, bright suo colore, distincta brevibus sigillis. Unus icith their color, distinguished icith little figures. One augulus habet Threiciam Ehodopen, et Haemon ; corner has the Thracian Rhodope, and Ha emus ; nunc gelidos montes, quondam mortab'a corpora, now cold mountains, once mortal bodies, qui tribuere sibi nomina summorum who assumed to themselves the names of the highest deorum. 90 Altera pars habet gods (Jupiter and Juno). Another part has 202 METAMORPHOSES — VI. miserabile fatum Pygmaeae matris. Juno the miserable fate of the Pygmies' mother. Juno jussit banc victam certamine esse gruem, ordered this {woman) overcome i7i contest to be a crane, que indicere bellum suis populis. Et pingit and to declare war on her own people. And she paints Antigonen quondam ausam contendere cum Antigone once having dared to contend with consorte magni Jovis, quam regia Juno vertit the consort of great Jupiter, whom royal Juno turned in volucrem : nee Ilion profuit illi, ve pater into a bird: neither Ilion protected her, or her father, Laomedon, quin sumptis pennis ipsa Candida Laomedon, from assuming wings herself {as) a white ciconia plaudat sibi crepitante rostro. crane and applauding herself with noisy beak. Sohis anguhis qui superest habet orbum The only corner which remains has the bereft Cinyran^ que is amplectens gradus temph*, Cinyras, and he embracing the steps of a temple, {once) membra suarum natarum,,100que jacens saxo the limbs of his own daughters, and lying on the stone videtur lacrimare. Circuit extremas oras seems to weep. She encircles the outer border })aca]ibus oleis. Is est modus, que facit with peaceful olive trees. That is the end, and she makes finem operis sua arbore. an end of the work with her own tree. Maeonis designat Europen elusam The Maeonian (Arachne) designs Europa deluded imagine tauri ; putares taurum by the resemblance of a bull; you might think the bull verum, frcta vera. Ipsa videtur spectare terras real, the sea real. She herself seems to look at the land relictas, et clamare suas comites, que vereri left behind, and to call to her companions^ and to fear ARACHNE. 203 tactum assilientis aquae, que reducere the touch of the leaping water, and to draw up her timidas plantas. Et fecit Asterien teneri timid feet. And she made Asterie held luctante aquila : fecit Ledam recubare sub hy a struggling eagle : she made Leda reclining under olorinis alis : 110 addidit, ut Juppiter, celatus the swan's wings : she added, how Jupiter, concealed imagine Satyri, implerit pulclira Nvcteida in the image of a Satyr, filled the fair daughter of Nycteus gemino fetu, fuerit Amphitryon, {Kniio^Q) with a douUe offspring, {how) he was Amphitryon, cum cepit te, Tirynthia ; ut aureus when he took you, Tirynthian (Alcmena); how as gold luserit Danaen, ignis luserit Asopida ; he deluded Danae, {hoic as) a flame he deluded the Asopian pastor Mnemosynen ; varius (Aegina); a shepherd {he deceived) Mnemosyne; a variegated serpens, Deoida. Posuit quoque te, Xeptune, serpent, Pi^oserpina. She placed also you, Neptune y mutatum torvo juvenco, in Aeolia virgine. changed in a grim bullock, with tJie daughter of Aeolus Tu visus Enipeus gignis Aloidas ; (Arne). You, seeming Enipeus, beget the Aloidae; aries fallis Bisaltida. Et (as) a ram. you deceive the Bisaltian (Theophane). And mitissima mater frugum, flava comas, the most mild mother of fruits (Ceres), with yelloic hair^ sensit te equum : 120 mater volucris perceived you as a horse: the mother of the icinged equi, crinita colubris, sensit te avem : horse (Medusa), icith snaky locks, perceived you {as) a bird: Melantho sensit delphina. Eeddidit Melantho perceived {you as) a dolphin. She rendered omnibus his que suam faciem que to all these both their own appearance and 204 METAMORPHOSES — VI. faciem locorura. Phoebus est illic imagine the appearance of the places. Phoebus is there in likeness agrestis, que ut modo gesserit pennas accipitris, of a rustic, and how now he bore the wings of a hawk, modo terga leonis, ut pastor luserit now the back of a lion, how (as) a shepherd he deluded Macareida, Issen. Ut Liber deceperit the daughter of Macareus, " " ~ " falsa uva, Erigonen Erigone by a false grape geminum Chirona equo. the double Chiron from a horse circumdata tenui limbo, surrounded with a fine border, nexilibus hederis. with wreathed ivies. Non Pallas, non Livor JSFot Minerva, not Envy opus. 130 Flava work. The yelloic -haired How Bacchus deceived Ut Saturnus crearit How Saturn begot Ultima pars telae, The last part of the web, habet flores intertextos has flowers interwoven possit may virago heroine (Pallas) carpere illud carp at that doluit grieved successu ; et rupit pictas vestes, and tore the painted web^ (describing) Que ut tenebat radium And as she held her shuttle at her success; caelestia crimina. the celestial crimes. de Cytoriaco from the Cytorus ter thrice percussit she struck monte, mountain (famous for its box-wood)^ quater frontem and four times Idmoniae Araclines. lufelix, of Idmon's daughter, Arachne. She unhappy, que and animosa spirited Pallas Minerva, ligavit she bound guttura her throat the forehead tulit non, bore it not, laqueo. ivith a noose. ita thug miserata levavit pitying, bore her up dixit, ^^ Improba, pendentem ; hanging; Vive 'Wicked (woman), live atque and quidem, indeed. I ARACHNE. 205 tamen pende, que ne sis secura futuri, yet hang, and lest you may he secure of the future, eadem lex poenae esto dicta the same condition of punishment he appointed tuo generi que seris nepotibus.'^ Post ea to your race and late posterity.'' After these {things), discedens, 140 sparsit succis Hecateidos depa.rting, she sprinkled (her) with juices of a Hecatean herbae, et extemplo comae tactae tristi herh (wolf-bane), and forthwith her hair touched with the sad medicamine defluxere, que cum his et naris drug fell off, arid with these hoth the no&e et aures, que caput fit minimum, parva and the ears, and the head hecomes nery small, and she is small quoque toto corpore. Exiles digiti haerent in also all over her hody. Her slender fingers adhere on latere pro cruribus. Venter habet cetera : de the side as legs. The helly occupies the rest : from quo ilia remittit stamen, et aranea exercet which she lets down a thread, and (as) a spider spins telas antiques. her wehs as formerly. Tota Lydia fremit, que rumor facti All Lydia resounds, and the report of the deed it per oppida Phrygiae, et occupat goes through the towns of Phrygia, and fills magnum orbem sermonibus. Niobe cognoverat the great glohe with discourse. Niohe had known illam ante suos thalamos, tum cum virgo her (Arachne) hefore her marriage, then when a virgin colebat Maeoniara que Sipylum. 150 Nee she lived in Maeonia and Sipylus. Nor tamen, admonita est poena Arachnes however, was she warned hy the punishment of Arachne popularis, cedere caelitibus, que uti her countrywoman, to yield to the celestials, and to use 14 206 METAMORPHOSES — VI. minoribus verbis. Malta dabant less (presumptuous) words. Many things contributed animos. Sed enim nee artes conjiigis, to her pride. For neither the skill of her husband, nee genus amborum, que potentia magni nor the descent of both^ and the power of a great regni, sic placuere illi (quamvis cuncta ea kingdom, so pleased her (although all those things placebant), ut sua progenies; et Niobe did please), as her offspring: and Niobe dicta foret felicissima matrum, si might have been called the most happy of mothers, if non visa fuisset sibi. Nam Manto, sata she had not so seemed to herself. For Manto, daughter of Tiresia^ praescia venturi, concita divino Tiresias, foreknowing the future, excited by a divine motu, vaticinata fuerat per medias vias, impulse, had prophesied through the middle of the streets, "Ismenides, ite frequentes 160 et date tura " Theban women, go in numbers and give incense Latonae que duobus Latonigenis to Latona and to the two children of Latona (Apollo and cum pia prece. que innectite crinem Diana) with pious prayer, and bind your hair lauro. Latona jubet meo ore/' with laurel. Latona commands (this) by my words.'' Paretur: et omnes Thebaides ornant sua It is obeyed; and all the Theban women adorn their tempora frondibus jussis, que dant tura temples with the boughs as commanded, and give incense et precantia verba Sanctis flaramis. ;^T]cce Niobe and prayers ' to the sacred flames, -^ehold Niobe venit celeberrima turba comitum, spectabilis comes attended by a crowd of companions, conspicuo^is Phrygiis vestibus intexto auro, et for Phrygian garments interwoven with gold, and NIOBE. 207 Formosa, quantum ira sinit, que movens heautifuly as much as her anger allows, and tossing capillos, immissos per utrumque humerum^ cum her locks, hanging down over each shoulder, with decoro capite, constitit; que ut alta her graceful head, she stood ; and when loftily circumtulit superbos oculos^ 170 inquit, ^^Qiiis she cast around her proud eyes, she said, ''What furor praeponere auditos caelestes visis ! madness to prefer merely rumored celestials to visible aut cur Latona coHtur per aras ? (gods)/ or why is Latona worshipped at the altars? Adhuc meum nnmen es sine ture. Tantalus As yet my divinity is without incense. Tantalus mihi auctor, cui soli licuit tangere was my father, to whom alone it was allowed to touch mensas superorum. Soror Pleiadum the tables of the gods. A sister of the Pleiades (Taygeta) est mihi genitrix ; maximus Atlas est avus, qui is my mother ; great Atlas is my grandfather, who fert aetherium axem cervicibus. Juppiter alter bears the ethereal axle on his neck. Jupiter (is) my other avus. Quoque glorior illo socero. grandfather. Also 1 boast in him (as) a father-in-law. Phrygiae gentes metuunt me, regia Cadmi The Phrygian nations fear me, the palace of Cadmus est sub me domina, que moenia commissa is under me (as) mistress, and the walls built fidibus mei mariti, cum populis, reguntur by the lyre of my husband, with their peoples, are ruled que a me que viro. 180 In quamcumque both by me and by my husband. Into whatever partem domus adverto lumina, immensae opes part of the house I turn my eyes, immense riches spectantur. Accedit eodem facies digna are beheld. There comes in addition to this a face worthy 208 METAMORPHOSES — VI. dea. Adice hue septem natas et totidem of a goddess. Add to this seven daughters and as many juvenes, et mox que generos que nurus. youths, and hy-and-hy both sons-in-law and daughters-in-law, Quaerite nunc quam causam nostra superbia habeat, Seek now what cause my jpride has, audete praeferre mihi Titanida I^atonam^ satam do you dare to prefer to me Titanian Latona, sprung nescio quo Caeo ? qui quondam pariturae {from) Iknow not what Gaeus f to whom once in travail maxima terra negavit exiguam sedem. Nee vestra the great earth denied a small spot. Nor was your dea reeepta est eaelo, nee humo, nee goddess received in heaven, nor on the ground, nor aquis. Erat exsul mundi^ donee on the waters. She was banished from the world, until Delos, miserata vagantem, dixit, 190 ' Tu DeloSj having pitied her icandering, said, ' You erras hospita in tern's, ego in undis/ wander a stranger on the earth, I in the waters, ' que dedit instabilem locum. Ilia facta and gave her aii unsteady place. She became parens duorum : haec est septima pars nostri mother of two : this is the seventh part of my uteri. Sum felix : enim quis neget hoc? Que offspring. lam happy: for who may deny this? And manebo felix: quoque quis dubitet hoc? 1 shall remain happy: also who may doubt this? Copia fecit me tutam. Sum major quam Plenty has made me safe. I am greater than cui Fortuna possit nocere; que ut one whom Fortune may hurt ; and although eripiat multa, relinquet multo plura she may seize many things, she will leave much more mihi. Jam mea bona excessere metum. to me. Already my goods have surpassed my fear. NIOBE. 209 Fingite aliqnid posse demi huic populo Suppose something could be taken from this number meorum natorum ; tamen spoHata non of my ' children; yet being despoiled I shall not redigar ad numerum duorum^ 200 Latonae be reduced to the number of two, Latona's turbam ; quantum distat ab qua brood; how different (is she) from one orba? Ite, satis sacri est pro who is childless ? Go, enough sacrifice {already) is for prole; que poiiite laurum capillis. her children ; and place the laurel from your locks. Deponunt, et relinquunt sacra infecta, They put it down, and leave the sacrifices unfinished, que quod licet, venerantur numen Latonae and as they may, worship the dimnity of Latona tacito murmure. Dea indignata est, que with silent murmur. The goddess was indignant, and locuta est cum gemina prole in summo vertice spoke with her two children on the highest top Cynthi talibus dictis : " En ego, vestra parens, of Cynthus in such words: ''Lo, i, your parent, animosa vobis creatis, et cessura nulli proud in your birth, and who shall yield to no one dearum, nisi Junoni, dubitor, an of the goddesses, except to Juno, am doubted, whether sim dea. Que arceor cultis aris I am a goddess. And I am driven from the holy altars per omnia saecula, nisi vos, O nati, through all ages, unless you, children, succurritis. 210 Nee hie solus dolor. aid (me). Nor (is) this my only grief. Tantalis adjecit convicia The daughter of Tantalus (Niobe) has added reproaches diro facto, que ansa est postponere vos to the dreadful deed, and has dared to place you 210 METAMORPHOSES— VI. suis natis, et dixit me orbam, after her own children, and has said I am bereft, quod recidat in ipsam, et scelerata exhibuit which may it fall upon herself, and wicked she has shown paternam linguam.'^ Latona erat adjectura preces her father's tongue.'' Latona was about to add prayers his relatis: ^^Desine/^ Phoebus ait. "Longa to her story: "Cease," Phoebus says, '^ Your long querella mora poenae.^^ Phoebe dixit complaint is the delay of her punishment." Diana said idem^ que tecti nubibus contigerant the same thing, and covered with clouds they reached Cadmeida arcem celeri lapsu per the Cadmeian (Tlieban) citadel with swift gliding through aera. Erat planus campus^ que patens late the air. There teas a level plain, and extending widely prope moenia, pulsatus assiduis equis; ubi near the walls, beaten continually by horses; where turba rotarum que 220 dura ungula moUierant a crowd of wheels and the hard hoof has softened glaebas subjectas. Ibi pars de septem gonitis the clods beneath. There part from the seven sons of Amphione conseendunt in fortes equos, que Amphion mount upon strong horses, and premunt terga rubentia Tyrio fuco, que press their backs red with Tyrian dye, and moderantur habenas graves auro. E quibus guide the reins heavy with gold. Of these Ismenos, qui quoudam fuerat prima sarcina suae Ismenos, icJio once had been the first burden of his matri, dum flectit quadru pedes cursus in certum mother, while he bends the horses' course into a perfect orbem que coercet spumantia ora, ^^ Ei mihi!'* circle and restrains the foaming mouths, ''Alas tome!" conclaraat; que fixus in medio pectore gerit he cries out; and pierced in the middle of his breast bears KIOBE* 211 tela; que frenis remissis morieute a dart (there); and with the reins loosened from his dying manu defliiit paulatim a dextro armo hand he falls down by degrees from the right shoulder in latus. 230 Proximus, Sipylus, {of the horse) iipo?i his side. The next, Sipylus, sonitu pharetrae audito per iDane, when the sound of the quiver was heard through the empty dabat frena; veluti cum rector praescius (space) J gave rein (fled); as when a pilot foreseeing imbris fugit nube visa, que undique a storm flees when clouds are seen. and on all sides deducit pendentia carbasa, ne qua levis unfurls the hanging sails, lest by any means the slight aura effluat. Tamen teliim non evitabile breeze Nevertheless the dart may escape. consequitur daiitem frena, que follows him giving the reins, and haesit summa stuck in the top of his exstabat de stood out from ut erat, volvitur as he waSy is rolled jiibas; et foedat mane; and stains cervice, et neck, sagitta the arrow nudum the naked gutture. the throat. per over pronus inclined and Tile, He, adnisa the struggling tellurem calido the earth with warm unerring tremens trembling ferrum iron (forward) crura que legs and sanguine. blood. Infelix Phoedimus et Tantalus, heres nominis Unhappy Phoedimus and Tantalus, the heir of the name aviti, 240 ut imposuere finem of his grandfather, when they put an end solito labori, transierant ad juvenile to their accustomed sport, had gone over to the youthful opus palaestrae nitidae ; et jam exercises of the wrestling place glowing with oil ; and already contulerant pectora luctantia pectoribus arcto they had brought together breasts struggling with breasts in close 212 METAMORPHOSES — VI. nexu, embrace, cum when sagitta the arrow concita tento urged (shot) from the stretched cornu trajecit utriimquejuncti sicut erant. Ingemuere how 'pierced each, joined as they were. They groaned simul, simul posuere solo together, together they laid on the ground incarvata dolore ; simul jacentes bent with pain ; together lying supreraa lumina, simul exhalaruut their dying eyes, together they breathed out Alphenor adspicit, que plaugens laniata Alphenor perceives it, and beating advolat ut allevet flies to {them) that he may lift up complexibus ; 250 que eadit pio his torn gelidos their cold membra their limbs versaruut they rolled animam. their life. pectora, breast, artiis limbs officio ; and falls in the pious (affectionate) duty : rumpit illi intima praecordia mtals eductum, iron. As soon as this was drawn out, hamis, the hooks (barbs), m in with embraces ; nam Delius for the Deliangod (Apollo) pierces his inmost fatifero ferro. Simul quod with the fatal pulmonis eruta est of the lungs was torn out cruor effusus est in auras cum anima. the gore was poured forth into the air with 7iis life. non simplex vulnus afficit intonsum Damasichthona. not a simple wound affects tlie unshorn Damasichthon. Ictus erat qua crus incipit esse, et qua He had been struck where the leg begins to be, and where nervosus poples facit mollia internodia. Que dum the sinewy thigh makes soft (pliant) joints pars part que and At But And while tentat he tries sagitta arrow jugulum. his throat. trahere exitiabile telum manu, altera to draw out the fatal dart with his hand, another pennis the feathers per through acta est ten us was driven as far as Sanguis expulit banc, que ejaculatus The blood thrust this out, and having darted NIOBE. 213 se in altum, 260 emicat et prosilit itself out on high, hounds forth and spouts forth aura terebrata longe. Ilioneus in the air pierced afar. Ilioneus ultiDius sustulerat bracchia nou profectura last had raised his arms unavailing precando, que dixerat, ^^O omnes comrauniter" — in prayer, and had said, "Ogods, all in common" — iguarus non omnes esse rogandos — ignorant (that) not all ought to be entreated — " parcite.'^ Areitenens erat motus cum '' spare me.'' The archer-god (Xpollo) icas affected when jam telum fuit non revocabile : tamen already the dart icas not recallable : but ille occidit minimo vuluere, corde percusso with the least icourid, his heart being struck sagitta. with the arrow. mali, que dolor populi, que The report of the ecil, and the grief of the people, and lacrimae suorum fecere matrem certara the tears of her own friends made the mother acquainted tarn subitae ruinae, mirantem potuisse, icith so sudden a ruin, icondering that (the gods) were able, que irascentem, 270 quod super! ausi essent hoc, and angry, because the gods dared this, quod haberent tantum juris. Xam pater because they had so much right. For the father, Amphion moriens finierat dolorem pariter cum Amphion, by dying had ended his grief together with luce, ferro adacto per pectus. his life, with a sword thrust through his breast. Heu, quantum haec Niobe distabat ab ilia Niobe Alas J how much this Niobe differed from that Niobe quae modo submoverat populum Latois aris, who just now had removed the people from Latona's altars, he fell non alta not deep Fama 214 METAMORPHOSES — VI. et resupina tuletat gressus per mediam and proud had walked through the middle of urbem^ invidiosa suis ; at nunc the city y exciting envy in her friends ; hut now miseranda vel hosti. Incumbit gelidis to he pitied even hy an enemy. She lies on the cold corporibus^ et dispensat supreraa oscula per bodies, and distributes her last kisses among omnes natos nuUo ordine. A qnibiis tendens all her sons indiscriminately . From these stretching liventia bracchia ad caelum, dixit, 280 ^^ Pascere, her livid arms to heaven, she said, '' Glut yourself, crudelis Latonae, nostro dolore ; [pascere/' ait, cruel Latona, withmy grief; \_glut yourself,'' she says, " que satia tua pectora meo luctu ;] que ''and satiate your breast withmy mourning;] and satia ferum cor. Per septem funera efferor : satiate your fierce heart. Through seven deaths lam killed: exulta ; que victrix inimica triumpha. Autera exult; and as a victorious enemy triumph. But cur victrix? Plura supersunt milii miserae quam why victorious ? More remain to me wretched than tibi felici. Quoque post tot funera to you happy. Also {even) after so many deaths vinco.'^ Dixerat; nervus insonuit ab I conquer.'" She spoke ; the how -string sounded from contento arcu, qui conterruit omnes, praeter the stretched how, which frightened all, except Nioben unam. Ilia est audax malo. Sorores Niohe alone. She is bold hy evil. The sisters stabant cum atris vestibus ante toros fratrum stood with block garments before the beds of their brothers demisso crine. 290 Una e quibus, trahens with dishevelled hair. One of them, drawing tela haerentia viscere, moribunda, relanguit the weapon sticking in her vitals, dying, grew faint KIOBE. 215 ore with lips conata endeavored imposito placed on solari to console fratri. her brother. miseram her wretched Altera Another, having parentem, subito parent, suddenly conticuit, que dupHcata est caeco vulnere. became silent, and was doubled together by a hidden wound. [Que pressit non ora nisi postquam spiritus [And closed not her mouth until after the breath exit.] Haec fugiens frustra, collabitur; ilia goes out. ] This (sister) fleeing in vain^ falls ; that one immoritur sorori ; haec latet ; videres dies on her sister ; this one lies hid ; you might see illam trepidare. Que sex datis leto, And when six had been given to death, diversa vulnera, ultima restabat, different wounds, the last remained^ tegens toto covering with her whole tota veste, clamavit, " Relinque unam, with her whole garment, cried out, ''Leave the only one, que minimam ; 300 posco minimam and the youngest; I ask the youngest de multis." Que dum rogat, pro of many.'' And while s7ie asks, (s7ie) for that one trembling. que and quam whom passis had suffered mater the mother corpore body {and) que and unam only one qua whom she rogat, occidit. Orba resedit fell. Bereft, she sat down natas que daughters and que and natos sons malis. with her misfortunes. vultu est her countenance there is virum, husband. que and inter exanimes among her lifeless diriguit she grew stiff Aura movet nuUos capillos. In The air moves no lock. In color sine sanguine; lumina color without blood ; stant stand vivum alive imraota unmoved maestis in her sad gems : cheeks . in in imagine. Iter form. Qiioque ....^ Also lingua the tongue est there is ipsa her eyes nihil nothing in ten US within I 216 METAMORPHOSES — VI. congelat cum duro palato, et venae freezes together with the hard palate, and the veins desistunt posse moveri. Nee cervix potest cease to be able to be moved. Nor is the neck able flecti, nee bracchia reddere gestus, nee pes to he bent, nor the arms to make movements, nor the foot ire. Quoque saxum est intra viscera. 310 Taraen to go. Also stone is within the vitals. Yet flet, et circumdata turbine validi she weeps, and surrounded by a ichirlwind of strong venti rapta est in patriam : wind she was hurried away into her own country : ubi fixa cacumine montis liquitur, there fixed on the summit of a mountain she is melted, et etiam nunc marmora manant lacrimas. and even yet the marble distils tears, Finitimi proceres coeunt, que propinquae The neighboring chiefs assemble, and the near urbes oravere suos reges ire ad solatia, cities begged their kings to go to console him (Pelops), que Argos, et Sparte, que Pelopeiades Mycenae, et and Argos, and Sparta, and Pelopian Mycenae, and Calydon, nondum invisa torvae Dianae, que ferox Calydon, not yet hateful to stern Diana, and the fierce Orchomenos, et Corinthus nobilis acre, que Orchomenos, and Corinth famous for its brass, and ferax Messene, que Patrae, que humiles Cleonae, fruitful Messene, and Patrae, and Jiumble Gleonae, et Nelea Pylos, que Troezen, ne adhuc and Nelean Pylos, and Troezen, not as yet Pittheia, que aliae urbes quae named from Pittheus, and the other cities which clauduntur ab Isthmo bimari, 420 que are enclosed by the Isthmus between two seas, and sitae exterius spectantur ab Isthmo situated without are viewed from the Isthmus PROGNE. 217 bimari. Quis possit credere ? cessastis solae between two seas. Who can believe it f you omitted it alone Athenae ! Belliim Athens ! War subvecta carried agmina troops muros, (Athenian) walls. auxiliaribus with auxiliary vincendo. by conquering. et ducenteni and deriving Pandion junxit armis, arms, Qiiem Him obstitit officio^ duty, terrebant frightened Tereus Tereus habebat won que and ponto on the sea Threiciiis Thracian barbara foreign Mopsopios the Mopsopian fuderat haec these et and nomen name viris. routed clariim a famous potentem opibiis que powerful in wealth and in men, genus forte a magno Gradivo, his race by chance from great Mars, sibi conubio Prognes. by the marriage of Progne. Juno, non Hymenaeus, the goddess of marriage, Juno, nor Hymenaeus, non Gratia adest illi lecto. 430 Eumenides nor the Graces are present to that wedding. The Furies Pandion joined to himself Non pronuba Not tenuere held faces torches raptas snatched stravere strewed que and tecto, the roofy Progne Progne que and de funere. from a funeral. profanus bubo the ill-boding culmine the roof Eumenides The Furies incubuit brooded on tbalami. of the bridal chamber. owl torum ; the bed; sedit in sat on Tereus conjuncti sunt hac ave : Tereus were joined together with this bird facti sunt parentes hac ave. (augury): they were made parents with this omen. Scilicet Thracia gratata est illis, que ipsi Truly Thrace congratulated them, and they themselves que and gave grates thanks vocari to be called dis ; to the gods; festam, que a festival, both que and jussere tJiey ordered diem the day qua nata in which {Progne), born 218 METAMORPHOSES — VI. claro Pandione data est tyraDno, que from illustrious Pandion, was given to the tyrant, and qua Itys ortus erat. Usque adeo utilitas in which Itys (their son) was horn. So much our interests latet! Jam Titan duxerat tempora lie concealed! Already the sun had led the seasons repetiti anni per quinque autumnos, 440 euni of the repeated year through five autumns, when Progne blandita, dixit viro : ^^Si ulla gratia Progne, caressing, said to her husband : ''If any favor est mea, vel mitte me sorori visendae, is mine, either send me to my sister for a visit, vel soror veniat hue. Promittes or let my sister come hither.. Ton shall promise socero redituram parvo tempore. to your father-in-law that she will return in a little time, Instar magni numinis dabis mihi Like a great deity {you will he if) you will allow me vidisse germanam.^^ Ille jubet carinas deduci to see my sister.'' He orders the ships to he hr ought down in freta, que intrat Cecropios into the straits, and enters the Cecropian (Athenian) portus velo et remige, que tangit Piraea harhor with sail and with oarage, and touches thePiraean litora. Ut primum copia soceri shores. When first opportunity {to see) his father-in-law data que dextra jungitur dextrae, sermo was given and hand is joined to hand^ discourse coramittitur infausto omine. Coeperat referre is commenced with unlucky omen. He hegan to relate causam adventus, mandata 450 conjugis, the cause of his coming', the commands of his wife, et spondere celeres reeursus missae ; ecce and to promise quick return of the {sister if ) sent; hehold Philomela, dives magno paratu, divitior Philomela, rich with magnificent apparel, richer PROGNE. 219 forma, venit. Quales solemus audire Naidas in beauty, comes. Such as we are wont to hear that the Naiads and Dryades incedere mediis silvis, si modo and Dryads proceed in the deep woods, if only des illis cultus que similes paratus. you could give them decorations and like dress. Virgine conspecta, Tereus exarsit, non secus The virgin seen, Tereus took fire, not othei'wise quam si quis siipponat ignem canis than if anyone places fire under white aristis, aut frondem, que cremet herbas ears of corn^ or foliage, and burns the grass positas faenilibus. . . . 461 Est impetus illi, 'placed in stacks. . . . There is an impulse to him, corrumpere curam comitum, que to bribe the care of her companions, and fidem nutricis, nee non soUicitare the fidelity of her nurse, also to solicit (Philomela) ipsam ingentibus datis, que impendere totum herself with great gifts, and to expend his whole regnum, aut rapere et defendere raptam saevo kingdom, or to seize and to secure her seized by cruel bello. Et est nihil quod captus eifreno war. And there is nothing which, taken with unbridled amore ausit non; nee pectora capiunt love, he dared not ; nor does his breast contain inclusas flam mas. Que jam male fert the internal fames. And already he ill bears moras, (jue revertitur cupido ore ad mandata delay, and returns with eager mouth to the commands Prognes, et agit sua vota sub illis. Amor of Progne, and pleads his own icishes under them. Love faciebat facundum ; que quotiens rogabat470 ulterius made him eloquent ; and as often as he asked farther justo, ferebat Prognen velle ita. Et than (what is) becoming, he said Progne wished it so. And 220 INIETAMORPHOSES — VI. addidit lacrimas, tamquam mandasset et he added tears, as if she had commanded also illas. Pro superi^ quantum caecae noctis the7n. gods, how much blind night mortalia pectora habent ! Tereus creditiir esse mortal breasts have ! Tereus is believed to be pius ipso molimine sceleris, que affectionate in the very attempt of wickedness, and sumit laudem a crimine. Quid quod takes praise from a crime. Wliy (is it) that Philomela cupit idem? que blanda, tenens patrios Philomela desires the same? and caressing, holding her father' s humeros, lacertis petit usque per shoulders, with her arms begs continually through suam que contra suam salutem^ ut eat her own and against her own safety, that she may go visura sororem. . . 483 Genitor vincitur see her sister. . . . The father is conquered prece ambarum. Ilia gaudet, que agit by the prayer of both. She rejoices, and gives grates patri ; et infelix putat id thanks to her father ; and to her misfortune thinks that successisse duabus quod erit lugubre success to the two (sisters) which will be mournful duabus. Jam exiguus labor restabat Phoebo, to the two. Already little labor remained to Phoebus, que equi pulsabant spatium Olympi declivis and his horses beat the space of Olympus downward pedibus. Regales epulae raensis, with their feet. Royal banquets (are placed) on the tables, et Bacchus ponitur in auro : hinc sua and Bacchus (wine) is placed in gold : then their corpora dantur placido somno. . . . 494 Erat bodies are given over to calm sleep. ... It was lux, et Pandion complexus dextram light, and Pandion taking the right hand of ?iis PROGNE. 221 generi enntis, commendat comitem obortis son-in-law going, entrusts his companion with rising lacrimis tears : "Ego ''I care dear gener, son-in-law, et and do banc tibi^ give this one (Philomela) to you, quoniam pia causa coegit : because an affectionate reason has compelled me : ambae both voluere, have wished {it), voluisti; have wished it ; que and que and cognata our kindred supplex suppliant pectora, breasts. patrio with a father's mihi tu quoque, Tereu, you also, Tereus, oro per fidem, I pray by your faith ^ per superos, by the gods above, amore ; 500 et love ; and dulce quam primum to me as soon as possible the sweet senectae (omnis mora erit old age {any delay will be tuearis that you defend her remittas may you send back lenimen sollicitae solace of my anxious longa nobis). Tu quoque, Philomela, quam primum, long tome). You also, Philomela, as soon as possible, si est ulla pietas, redito ad me (est if you have any affection, return to me {it is satis sororem esse procul).'^ Mandabat, enough that your sister is at a distance)/' He enjoined, que pariter dabat oscula suae natae et mites and likewise gave kisses to his daughter, and gentle lacrimae cadebant inter mandata. Que poposcit fell between his commands. And he required tears dextras the right hands junxit joined {them) salutent them to salute utri usque of each inter se together ore by mouth pignus a pledge ut as datas, when given, absentes {his) absent fidei, of faith, que and que and natam daughter jubet he orders nepotem grandson 15 pro for se himself memoria ; mindful {of them); que and que and 222 METAMORPHOSES — VI. vix dixit supremum vale, ore pleno scarcely said the last farewell, with voice full (choked) singnltibus, 510 que timuit praesagia suae mentis. with sobs, and he feared the boding s of his mind. Ut semel Philomela imposita est pictae carinae, When once Philomela was placed in the painted ship^ que fretum admotum est remis, que and the sea was urged by the oars, and tellus repulsa est^ " Vicimus/' barbarus the earth receded, '' I have conquered,'' the barbarian exclamat:"mea vota ferunturcum me;'^ et detorquet exclaims : ''my wishes areborne with me;'' and he turns aside lumen nusqnam ab ilia. Non aliter Ms eye nowhere from her. Not otherwise quam cum praedator ales Jovis than when the plundering bird of Jupiter (the eagle) aduncis pedibus deposuit leporem in alto nido : with hooked feet has deposited a hare in its high nest : est nulla fuga capto ; raptor spectat there is no escape to the captive ; the plunderer views sua praemia. Que jam iter effectum, que his prize. And already the voyage was completed, and jam exierant fessis puppibus in sua already they had gone out from the weary ship upon their litora, 520 cum rex trahit natam own shore, when the king drags the daughter Pandione in alta stabula, obscure of Pandion (Philomela) into a high dwelling, hidden vetustis silvis; atque ibi superat vi, in an ancient icood ; and there overcomes her by force, ])allentem, que trepidam, et timentem cuncta, pale, and trembling, and fearing all things, et jam rogantem, cum lacrimis, ubi germana and now asking, with tears, where her sister sit; parente saepe clamato frustra, saepe is; her father often wa^s called on invain^ often PROGNE. 223 sua sorore, super omnia, niagnls divis. Ilia her sister, above all things, the great gods. She tremit, velut pavens agna, quae saucia excussa trembles, as a fearful lamb, which wounded escaped ore cani lupi, nondum videtur sibi from the mouth of a hoary wolf, not yet seems to herself tuta; que ut columba, plnmis madefactis suo safe; and as a dove, with feathers wet with her own sanguine^ 530 horret adhuc, que timet avidos ungues blood, shudders as yet, and fears the greedy talons quibus haeserat. Mox, ubi mens with which she had been held. Soon, when understanding rediit, laniata passos capillos [similis lugenti, returned, tearing her dishevelled locks [like {one) mourning, lacertis caesis plaugore], intendens palmas, arms beaten with wailing^, stretching out her hands, ait, '' O barbare, diris factis ! O she said, " barbarian, for your dreadful deeds ! crudelis ! Nee mandata parentis cum cruel man! Neither the commands of my parent with piis lacrimis, nee cura sororis, movere affectionate tears, nor regard of my sister, have moved te. ... Si tamen superi cernunt haec you. . . 'If, however, the gods above perceive these si nuniina divum sunt aliquid, things, if the divinities of the gods are of any avail, si omnia non perierunt cum me, quandocumque if all things have not perished with me, at some time dabis poenas milii ; ipsa loquar tua you shall pay the penalty tome; I myself will speak your facta, pudore projecto. Si copia detur, deeds, shame being laid aside. If opportunity be given, veniam in populos ; si tenebor clausa I will come among the people ; if I shall be held shut up silvis, implebo silvas et conscia saxa. in woods, I will fill the woods and conscious rocks. 224 METAMORPHOSES — VI. Aether aiidiat haec et si {with complaints). Let the sky hear these things, and if ullus deus est in illo/^ . . . Sustinet reverti any god is in it.'' . . . He dares to return ad Prognen post talia facta. Quae conjuge to Progne after such deeds, Wio, when her husband viso, quaerit germaiiam ; at ille dat was seen, seeks [inquires for] her sister ; but lie gives fictos gemitus^ que narrat commenta funera. Et feigned groans, and relates her feigned death. And lacrimae fecere fidem. Progne deripit ex his tears convinced her. Progne tears off from humeris velamina fulgentia lato auro, que her shoulders her garments shining with broad gold, and induitur atras vestes, et constituit inane clothes herself with black robes, and erects an empty sepulcrum^ que infert piacula falsis tomb, and bears expiatory sacrifices to the false manibus^ 570 et luget fata sororis non shades, and mourns the fate of a sister not lugendae sic. Deus lustraverat bis to be mourned thus. The god [sun] had traversed twice sex signa anno acto. Quid six signs [constellations], a year being completed. What Philomela faciat? Custodia claudit fugam. Moenia can Philomela do? A guard prevents flight. The walls stabulorum rigent, structa solido saxo. Mutum of the house are stiff, built with solid stone. Her dumb OS caret indice facti. Grande mouth is without an informer of the deed. Great ingenium est dolori ; que sollertia venit miseris rebus. ingenuity is to grief; and cunning comes in her misfortunes. Candida, suspendit stann'na barbarica tela, que Skilful, she suspends threads with barbarian web, and intexuit purpureas notas albis filis, indicium interwove purpU marks with white threads, a proo^ PBOGNE. 225 sceleris, of the CTimey attendants) ; dominae. to her mistress. que and tradidit delivered it perfect! completed uni to one {of her que and rogat asks gestu ut by gesture that Ilia rogata 580 pertuHt ad She when asked bore it to nee nor scit knows quid what illis. them. ferat she bear it Prognen, Progne, Matrona The wife que and legit read tradat in she delivers in saevi tyranni evolvit vestes^ of the cruel tyrant turned over the garments, miserabile carmen suae gerraanae. Et mirum 'of her sister. And (it is) wonderful silet ; dolor repressit ora ; she is silent ; grief repressed her mouth; que verba indignantia satis defuerunt linguae and words indignant enough were wanting to her tongue quaerenti, nee vacat flere. Sed ruit needing them, nor is there time to weep. But she rushes confusura que fas que nefas, que est to confound both justice and injustice, and she is the wretched tale potuisse ! — that she could be !- tota absorbed Erat It was Solent are wont Nox in in imagine the contrivance poenae. of punishment. tempus the time celebrare to celebrate conscia quo in which trieterica the triennial Sithoniae the Sithonian sacra sacred rites Night (was) privy sacris. to the sacred rites. sonat sounds regina the queen ritibus for the rites Caput Her head tinnitibus with tinklings egressa est left dei, of the god. tegitnr is covered sua her acuti of shrill domo, house, que and accepit takes vite, with a vine, nurus matrons Bacchi. of Bacchus. Nocte Rhodope By night Rhodope aeris, 590 nocte brass, by night instruitur prepared furialia arraa. furious arms. cervina vellera deer-skins que and 226 METAMORl^HOSES — VI. dependent sinistro lateri, levis hasta incubat hang down from her left side, a light spear lies on humero. Terribilis Progne concita per her shoulder. The terrible Progne excited through silvas turba suarum comitante, the woods with a crowd of her own (friends) accompanying, que agitata furiis doloris, simulat tuas, and agitated by the fury of grief , feigns your (fury), Bacche. Tandem venit ad avia Bacchus. At length she comes to the out-of-the-way stabula^ que exululat que sonat Euhoe^ que refringit house, and howls out and cries Evoe, and breaks down portas, que rapit germanam^ que induit raptae the gates, and seizes her sister, and puts on her seized insignia Bacchi, et abdit vultus frondibus the emblems of Bacchus, and hides her face with leaves hederarum; 600 que trahens ducit attonitam ^f '^'^yj <^'^^ dragging leads her astonished intra sua limina. Ut Philomela sensit within her own house. When Philomela perceived tetigisse nefandam domum, infelix (herself) to have touched the impious house, unhappy horruit que expalluit toto ore. she shuddered, and turned pale over her entire countenance. Progne nacta locum, demit pignora Progne, having reached the place, takes off the tokens sacrorum, que develat pudibunda ora of the sacred rites, and unveils the modest face of her miserae sororis, que petit amplexu. Sed wretched sister ^ and seeks her with an embrace. But haec sustinet non attollere oculos contra; visa she dares not to raise her eyes to her; she seemed sibi paelex sororis ; que vultu to herself the supplanter of her sister; and with looks dejecto in humum, manus fuit pro voce cast down on the ground, her hand was instead of voice PROGNE. 227 volenti jumre^ que testari deos, illud as she tried to swear y and to call to witness the gods, that dedecus illatyim sibi per vim. Progne ardet, disgrace was inflicted on her hy force. Progne hums, 610 et ipsa capit non suam iram, que and she herself contains not her own anger ^ and corripiens fletum sororis^ inquit, " Est non checking the weeping of her sister y saidy *' We must not agendum hie lacrimis sed ferro : sed si habes act here with tears hut with iron: hut if you ha've quid quod possit vincere ferrum ; ego anything which may he hetter than iron; I paravi me^ germana, in omne nefas. Aut have prepared myself sister j for every crime. Either ego immittam artificem Terea mediis flammis, / will send the artful Tereus to midst of flames y cum cremaro regalia tecta facibus; aut ichen I shall hum the royal palace with torches; or expellam linguam, aut oculos, aut mox I will thrust out his tongue, or eyes, or soon sontem animam per mille vulnera. Quodcumque his guilty life ' hy a thousand wounds. Whatever paravi, magnum. Dubito adhuc, quid I have prepared (is) great. I hesitate as yet, what sit. Dum Progne peragit talia, 620 Itys it may he. While Pi^ogne spoke such things, Itys veniebat ad matrem. Admonita est ab illo, came to his mother. She was put in mind hy hiin, quid possit, que tuens immitibus oculis, what she could do, and vieicing {him) icith cruel cyes^ dixit: ^^A, quam similis es patri.'^ she said: "Ah, how like you are to your father.'' Nec locuta plura, parat triste facinus, Not speaking more (words), she prepares a sad deed, que exaestuat tacita ira. Tamen ut natus and hums with silent anger. Yet when her son 228 METAMORPHOSES — YI. accessit que attulit salutem matri, et approached and greeted his mother, and adduxit colla parvis lacertis, que embraced her neck with his little armSj and junxit oscula mixta puerilibus blanditiis, genitrix joined kisses mingled with childish caresses, the mother mota est quidem, que ira constitit infracta: ^cas moved indeed, and her anger stood abated: que inviti oculi maduere coactis and in spite of herself her eyes were icet with gathering lacrimis. Sed simul sensit mentera tears. But as soon as she perceived Iter mind labare ex nimia pietate, 630 iterum versa est tcavering from too much affection, again she turned ah hoc ad vultus sororis ; que invicem from him to the face of her sister; and in turn spectans ambos, inquit: ^^Cur alter ad movet viewing both, said: ''Why does the one employ blanditias; altera silet rapta lingua? caresses; the other is silent with torn tongue ? Cur ilia non vocat sororem, quam Why does she not call {me) sister, whom hie vocat matrem? Vide cui marito sis 7ie (Itys) calls mother? See to what a husband you are nupta, nata Pandione. Degeneras : married, daughter of Pandion. You degenerate : scelus est pietas in conjuge Tereo.'^ a crime is affection toicards (such) a husband (as) Tereus.'' Nee mora, traxit Ityn veluti tigris Wor did she delay, she dragged Itys just as a tigress Gangetica lactentem fetum cervae per of the Ganges a sucking offspring of the hind through opacas silvas. Utque tenuere remotam partem dark woods. And as they came to the farther part altae domus, tendentemque manus et of the lofty house, {him) stretching out his hands and PROGNE. 229 jam videntem sua fata, 640 et clamantem " Mater, already seeing his fate, and crying "Mother, mater,'' et petentem colla, Progne ferit another,'' and clinging to her neck, Progne strikes ense qua pectus adhaeret lateri, nee with a sword where the breast joins the side, nor avertit vultum. Vel unum vulnus turns aside {her) countenance. Even one wound erat satis illi ad fata. Philomela resolvit was enough to him for his death. Philomela cuts open jugulum ferro. . . . Thracius his throat with a sword. , . . The Thracian (Tereus) insequitur ferro genitas Pandione. pursues with sword the daughters of Pandion. Putares corpora Cecropidum You might think the bodies of the Athenians (Progne and pendere pennis : pendebant pennis : altera Philomela) hung on icings : they did hang on wings: the one quarum petit silvas ; altera subit tecta. of them seeks the woods; the other goes under roofs. 670 Neque adhuc notae caedis excessere Nor as yet have the marks of slaughter departed de pectore ; que pluma est signata from their breasts; and the plumage is marked sanguine. Hie velox suo dolore with blood. He (Tereus), swift in his grief que cupidine poenae vertitur in voluerem ; and in desire of punishment, is turned into a bird; cristae stant in cui vertice : immodicum crests stand on his head : a prolonged rostrum prominet pro longa cusplde. beak stands out instead of a long weapon point. Nomen volucri epops : facies videtur The name to the bird (is) IIoopoo: his face seems armata. Hie dolor misit Pandlona ad Tartareas armed. This grief sent Pandion to the Tartarean 230 METAMORPHOSES — VI. 1 umbras ante diem que extrema tempora before Ms day and extreme perioa longae senectae. of a long old age. MEDEA. 231 BOOK VII. Que jam Miiiyae secabant fretum And already the Minyae (Argonauts) cut the sea Pagasaea puppe, que Phiueus visus erat in the Pagasaean ship (Xr go), and Phineus hadheenseen trahens inopem senectam sub perpetua nocte ; dragging on a needy old age in perpetual night; que juvenes creati Aquilone, and the youths, the sons t)/^.^?^^?^ (Calais and Zetes), fugarant virgineas vol ucres had put to flight the maiden-faced 6^r(Zs (Harpies) ore miseri senis, que from the countenance of the wretched old man, and perpessi multa sub claro Jasone, having sujfered many things under famous Jasoii, tandem contigerant rapidas nndas limosi at length had reached the rapid waters of the muddy Phasidos. Que dum adeunt regera, que poscunt Phasis. And while they go to the king, and demand Phryxea vellera, que lex the Phryxean fleeces (the golden fleece), and a condition datur horrenda numeris magnorum laborum, is given to he dreaded hy the number of its great difliculties, Aeetias interea concipit validos the daughter of Aeetes (Medea) meantime conceives powerful ignes ; 10 et luctata diu, postquam fires (love) ; and having struggled a long time, after non poterat vincere furorem ratione, ait, she was not able to conquer her passion by reason, she said, 232 METAMORPHOSES — VIL ^^ Medea, repiignat frustra : nescio quis deus '^ Medea, you oppose in ^ain : Iknoicnot what god obstat, que mirum, nisi hoe, aut certe opposes, and {it is) wonderful, unless this, or certainly aliqiiid simile huic, est quod vocatur amare. Nam something like this, is what is called to love. For cur jussa patris videntur mihi nimium why {do) the commands of my father seem tome too dura? Quoque sunt nimis dura. Cur timeo ne hard f And they are too hard. Why do I fear lest pereat, quem vidi modo denique ? Quae he may perish, whom I saio only lately? What {is) causa tanti timoris? lufelix, excute, the causp. of so great fear? Unhappy {Medea), shake off , si potes, flammas conceptas virgineo pectore. if you can, the flames conceived in your maiden breast. Si possem, essem sanior. Sed nova vis If I could, I should he more sound. But anew power trahit invitam ; que cupidp suadet aliud, drags me against my will ; and desire persuades one thing, 20 mens aliud. Video que probo meliora, my reason another. I see and I approve better things, sequor deteriora. Quid, regia virgo, ureris I follow worse. WJiy, royal virgin, are you inflamed in hospite, et concipis thalamos alieni orbis? by a stranger, and covet marriage in a foreign country? Quoque haec terra potest dare quod ames. Also this land is able to give what you may love. Est in dis, an ille vivat occidat. It is in {the power of) the gods, whether he live {or) perish. Tamen vivat : que licet precari id vel Yet may he live: and it is lawful to pray for that even sine amore. Enim quid Jason commisit? without love. For what has Jason committed? Quam, nisi crudelem, aetas Jasonis non What {woman), unless cruel, loould the age of Jason not MEDEA. 233 tangat, et genus, et virtus? Quani forma, affect, and his race, and valor? What {icoraan) Ms form, ut cetera desiut, non potest although the other things may he icarding, is not able movere? Certe movit mea pectora. At to move? Certainly he has moved my heart. But nisi tulero opem, afflabitur ore unless IshaU bring assistance, he icill be blasted by the mouth tauroruni ; 30 que concurret suae segeti, of the bulls ; and icill engage icith his own crop, hostibus creatis telhire : ant dabitur witJi the enemies born from the earth : or will he given fera praeda avido draconi. Si ego patiar hoc, a cruel prey to the greedy dragon. If I suffer this, turn fatebor me natam de tigride^ turn then I will confess myself born from a tiger, then {1 gestare ferrum et scopulos in will confess myself) to bear iron and rock in, corde. Cur non specto pereuntem ? et my heart. WJiy do I not view him perishing? and conscelero oculos videndo ? Cur non exliortor tauros profane my eyes by seeing ? Why do I not urge the bulls in ilium, que feros terrigenas, que iipon him^ and the fierce earth-born (men), and insopitum draconem ? Di velint meliora. the sleepless dragon ? May the gods wish better tilings. Quamquam ista non precanda, sed facienda Although tJiose things are not to be prayed for, but tobe done mihi. Ego prodamne regna parentis, by me. Shall 1 betray the kingdoms of my parent, atque nescio quis advena servabitur nostra and some stranger be preserved by my ope, 40 nt, sospes per me, det assistance, that, safe through me, he may give vela ventis sine me, que sit vir sails to the winds without me, and may be the husband 234 METAMORPHOSES — VII. alterius? Medea relinquar poenae? Si of another? Shall Ij Medea, he left to punishment ? If potest facere hoc, ve potest praeponere aliam he is able to do this, or is able to prefer another nobis, ingratiis occidat ! Sed is (woman) to me, so ungrateful, may he perish ! But that vultiis non in illo, ea non est nobilitas animo, look {is) not in him, such is not that nobility in his mind, ea gratia formae , ut timeam fraudem, que that grace of form, that I may fear fraud, and oblivia nostri meriti. Et dabit fidem forgetfulness of my merit. And he shall give a pledge ante : que cogam deos esse testes in before: and I will force the gods to be witnesses to foedera. Quid times tuta? Accingere the covenants. Why do you fear safe things? Prepare yourself et pelle omneni moram. Jason semper debebit and avoid all delay. Jason always will owe se tibi : j^^i^get ^ te sibi solemni himself to you : he will join you to himself with solemn face ; 50 que celebrabere servatrix torch (marriage) ; and you will be celebrated (as) a preserver per Pelasgas urbes turba matrum. Ergo through the Grecian cities by a crowd of matrons. Therefore ego, ablata ventis, relinquam germanam, que shall I, borne by the loinds, leave my sister, and fratrem, que patrem, que deos, et natale solum ? brother, and father, and the gods, and my native land ? Nempe pater saevus, nempe mea tellus est Truly my father (is) cruel, truly my land is barbara, frater adhuc infans : vota barbarous, (my) brother as yet an infant : the wishes sororis stant cum me. Maximus of my sister stand with me (are on my side). The greatest deus est intra me. Relinquam non magna; ^ocZ (Love) is within r?^/, J shall leave not great things ^ MEDEA. 235 sequar magna: titiilum Achivae I shall follow great things: (namely) the glory of the Grecian pubis servatae, que notitiam melioris loci, youth preserved^ and the kriowledge of a better place, et oppida, que cultus, que artes virorum, and the towns, and the dresses, and the arts of men, fama quoruui viget quoque hie : que the fame of whom flourishes also (even) here: and Aesonidem quern ego velim mutasse the son of Aeson (Jason) whom I would wish to have in exchange cum rebus quas totus orbis possidet: for the things which the whole globe possesses: 60 quo conjuge ferar felix, et cara with whom as my husband I shall be called happy, and dear dis, et tangam sidera vertice. Quid to the gods, and shall touch the stars with my head. Why quod nescio qui montes dicuntur concurrere, {shall I say) that some mountains are said to arise in mediis undis, que Charybdis inimica in the middle of the waters, and Charybdis hostile ratibus nunc sorbere, nunc reddere fretum ; que to ships now sucks in, now throws out the sea; and rapax Scylla cincta saevis canibus latrare rapacious Scylla, surrounded, icith cruel dogs, barks Siculo profundo? Nempe tenens quod amo in the Sicilian deep {sea) ? Truly holding lohat Hove que haerens in gremio lasonis ferar per and clinging to tJie bosom of Jason, I shall be borne through longa freta. Amplexa ilium, verebor nihil ; I7ie long seas. Embracing him, I shall fear nothing; aut si metuam quid, metuam de conjuge or if I fear anything, I shall fear concerning my husband solo. Vocas conjugiumne, que iraponis, alone. Do you call (it) marriage, and do you impose, Medea, speciosa nomina tuae culpae? 70Quin Medea, this plausible name upon your fault f But 236 METAMORPHOSES — VII. adspice, quantum nefas aggrediare; et, dum behold, how great a wickedness you attempt; and, while licet, effuge crimen/^ Dixit : et Rectum, que it is lawful, shun the crime.'* She said: and Bight, and Pietas, que Pudor constiterant ante oculos ; et Affection, and Modesty stood before her eyes ; and jam Cupido dabat victa terga. now Desire showed her conquered back (was retreating). Ibat ad antiquas aras Hecates, Perseidos, She went to the ancient altars of Hecate, daughter of Per ses, quas umbrosum nemus que secreta silva tegebat : which a shady grove and a secret wood covered: et jam erat fortis, que ardor repulsus and now she was bold, and her ardor which had been repelled resederat : cum videt Adsoniden, que returned; when she sees the son of Aeson (Jason), also extincta flamma revixit. Genae erubuere ; que the extinguished flame revived. Her cheeks grew red ; and recanduit toto ore. 80 Ut parva she grew hot again all over her countenance. As a small scintilla, quae latuit sub inducta favilla, spark, which has lain hidden under covering embers, solet resumere alimenta a ventis, que crescere; is iDont to take nourishment from the winds, and to increase; et agitata resurgere in veteres vires, sic and being moved to rise again into its old strength, so jam lentus amor, quem putares jam languere, now slow love, which you might think now to be languid, lit vidit juvenem, inarsit specie ^ohen she saw the youth, burned at the appearance {of him) praesentis. Et casu natus Aesone fuit who is present. And by chance the son of Aeson was formosior solito ilia luce : posses ignoscere handsomer than usual on that day; you could pardon amanti. Spectat, et tenet lumina fixa in her loving. She views, and holds her eyes fixed on MEDEA. 237 vultu, veluti {his) countenance, as if demens putat in her madness does she think ora ; nee declinat countenance; nor turns awojy ut hospes when the stranger 90 et dextrara, her right hand, and nunc denique viso, now finally se videre she sees se ab illo. herself from him loqui, to speak roo:avit auxilium submissa que both coepit began que and nec seen, nor mortalia a mortal A^ero But prehendit seized voce, que proraisit and promised "Video quid *'Isee ichat amor love munere. gift. aid icith downcast voice, ait lacrimis profusis: with tears rolling down: asked torum, ilia marriage, she said. faciam : nec ignorantia veri, sed I may do: neither ignorance of truth, hut decipiet me. Servabere nostro will deceive me. You shall he saved by my Servatus dato promissa/^ II le jurat When saved, give the promises.'' He swears triformis deae, of the threeformed goddess (Hecate), numen quod foret in illo the divinity which is in that patrem futuri soceri the father of his future father-in-law (the Sun, father of cernentem cuncta, que suos eventus, Aeetes), who perceives all things, and his own success, per tanta pericula. Creditus, accepit protinus hy so great dangers. Being helieved, he received immediately cantatas herbas, que edidicit usum : que laetus the enchanted Jierhs, and learned their use: and joyful per que and sacra the sacred rites luco, grove. que and per by recessit went hack in into tecta. the house. depulerat micantes stellas. had dispelled the glittering stars. lOOPostera aurora Th e following m o rn populi conveniunt in sacrum arvum Mavortis ;que the people come together into the sacred field of Mars; and 16 238 METAMORPHOSES — VII. consistunt jugis. Rex ipse, purpurens stand together on the hills. The king himself, adorned in purple que insignis eburno sceptro, resedit medio and distinguished with an ivory sceptre^ Ecce, aeripedes Behold, the brazen-footed bulls breathe out adamanteis naribus ; with adamantine (untamed) nostrils; herbae, tactae vaporibiis, ardent. Que ut the herbs, touched by the vapors, burn. And as Solent agmine. of the troop. Vuleanum Vulcan (fire) sat in the middle tauri efflant que and camini resonare, furnaces are icont to resound, terrena {into lime) in an earthen adspergine liquidarum by the sprinkling of liquid pleni full aut ubi SI 1 ices soluti or when flints being dissolved fornace concipiunt ignem furnace take fire aquarum ; waters; take sic so pectora their breasts volventia flammas clausas intus, 110 que usta rolling the flames shut within, and (their) burnt guttura sonant. Tamen natus Aesone it obvius throats resound. Yet the son of Aeson goes opposite ill is. Truces vertere terribiles vultus, to them. Fierce they turned their terrible faces, ferro ad ora venientis ; with iron to his face as he came; pulvereum solum bisulco pede, the dusty soil icith cloven foot, locum fumificis mugitibus. the place with smoke-making lowings. diriguere metu. Ille The Thessalian loomen greic stiff anlielatos the exhaled cornua praefixa horns tipped pulsavere beat implevere they filled Minyae que and que and que and nee nor sentit feels tantum. Que so much. And dextra, right hand, ]gnes ; fires; mulcet he soothes pendula the hanging withfear. He medicamina the drugs palearia deiv-laps que and cogit forces them suppositos 'placed under subit ; goes up; possunt avail audaci with bold the yoM MEDEA. 239 ducere grave pondus aratri, et proscindere to draw the heavy weight of the plow, and to cut insuetum campum ferro. the unaccustomed plain with iron (the plowshare). 120 Colchi mirantur. Minyae implent The Golchians wonder. The Thessalian icomen Jill up que adjiciunt aniraos clamoribus. Turn siimit and add courage with shouts. Then he takes vipereos denies aeiia galea, et spargit the dragon's teeth in his brazen helmet, and scatters in aratos agros. Humus {the )n) up 071 the ploughed fields. The ground praelincta valido veneno mollit j^emina : sprinkled beforehand icith strong poison softens the seeds: et sati dentes crescunt que fiiint nova corpora. and the soicn teeth groio and become new bodies. Que ut infans sumit speciem hominis in And as an infant takes the appearance of a man in materna alvo, que componitur intus per his mother's icomb, and is comptosed within through siios numeros, nee exit in communes auras nisi its parts, nor goes out into the common air until maturas; sic, ubi imago hominis efFecta est maturity; so, when the image of man ic as formed visceribus gravidae telluris, consurgit in feto in the bowels of the pregnant earth, it rises in the fruitful arvo ; 130 que quod magis mirum, concutit arma field; and ichat is more wonderful, shakes arms edita simul. Ubi Pelasgi viderunt produced at the same time. When the Pelasgians saw quos paratos torquere hastas praecutae cuspidis them prepared to hurl spears of sharp point in caput Haemonii jnvenis, demisere upon the head of the Haemonian youth (Jason), they lowered que vultum que animum. Quoque ipsa extimuit, both face and courage. Also (Medea) herself feared, 240 METAMORPHOSES — VTI. quae fecerat ilium tutum : que ut vidit juvenem who had made him safe: and when she saw the youth unum peti ab tot hostibus, palluit; et alone sought hy so many enemies, she turned pale; and subito sedit frigida sine sanguine. Xeve gramina suddenly she sat cold icithout blood. And lest the herbs data a se valeant parum, canit auxiliare given by herself may avail little, she sings a helping carmen ; que advocat secretas artes. Hie, verse; and summons her secret arts. He (Jason), jaculatus gravem silicem in medios hostes, hamng hurled a heavy flint into the middle of the enemies, 140 convertit Martem depulsum a se in turns Mars (the attack) diverted from himself upon ipsos. Terrigenae fratres pereunt per mutua vulnera, them. The earth-born brothers perish by mutual wounds, que cadunt civili acie. Achivi gratantur que and fall in civil battle. The Grecians congratulate and tenent victorem ; que haerent avidis amplexibus. embrace the conqueror; and cling in eager embraces. Tu quoque, barbara, velles complecti You also, barbarian (Medea), loould like to embrace victorem ; pudor obstitit incepto ; at the conqueror; shame opposed the undertaking; but complexa fuisses ; sed reverentia famae you icould have embraced him; but respect for your reputation tenuit te, ne faceres. Quod licet, laetaris held you, lest you might do (it), WJiat is allowed, you rejoice tacito afFectu, que agis grates carminibus, with silent emotion, and give thanks to the songs et dis auctoribus horum. (incantations), and to the gods the authors of these. Superest sopire pervigilem draconem herbis ; It remains to lull the watchful dragon with herbs; 150 qui praesignis crista que tribus Unguis, which remarkable with crest and with three tongues^ MEDEA. 241 et horrendus uncis dentibus^ erat custos and dreadful with crooked teeth, was the guardian aurei arietis. Postquam sparsit hiinc gramine of the golden ram. After he sprinkled him with the herh Lethaei suci, que dixit ter verba facientia of Lethean juice, and said thrice words inducing placidos somnos, quae sistunt turbatuni mare, quae quiet sleep, which still the troubled sea, which concita flumina, somnus venit in sibi {can calm) the excited rivers, sleep came upon his oculos ignotos^ et Aesonius, heros, potitur eyes unused {to sleep) and Aeson's son, a hero, possesses auro : que superbus spolio, portans cum the gold: and proud with the spoil, carrying with se auctorem muneris, altera spolia, victor, himself the author of the gift, other spoil, a conqueror, cum conjuge tetigit lolciacos portus. with his wife he reached the lolcian harbor. Haemoniae matres que grandaevi patres The Haemonian mothers (matrons) and aged sires ferunt dona pro natis carry gifts {to the temples) on account of their children receptis : 160 que liquefaciunt tura congesta received back safe: and they dissolve frankincense piled up flam ma ; que vota victima, in flame {upon the altars) ; and the promised victim, inducta aurum cornibus, cadit. Sed covered with gold on the horns, falls {in sacrifice). But Aeson, jam propior leto, que fessns senilibus annis, Aeson, now near to death, and feeble from old age, abest gratantibus. Cum Aesonides sic : is absent from these rejoicings. Then the son of Aeson thus '^O conjunx, cui confiteor {addressed Medea): '* wife, to whom I acknowledge debere salutem, quamquam dedisti cuncta I owe my safety, although you Jiave granted all things 242 METAMOHPHOSES — Vll. number of) parent! /^ to my father.' Est {Medea) is 170 que and mihi^ que summa tuorum meritorum excessit fidem ; to mie, and the sum of your faxjors exceeds belief; tamen, si possunt hoc (quid enim yet, if (^incantations) can do this {ichat indeed carmina uou possunt?) deme are incantations not able {to do) ?) take aicay from {the meis annis, et adde demptos my years^ and add the {\j ear s)ta'ken away Xec tenuit lacriraas. Nor did he check his {rising) tears, mota pietate rogantis : moved by his filial love as he requested: Aeeta, relictus, subiit Aeetes, {ichom she had) abandoned, came into dissimilem animura : tamen, non confessa {her) different mind: however, not having confessed tales affectuSj inquit : ^^ Conjunx, quod scelus excidit such emotions, she said: ^' husband, what crime has fallen tuo ore ? Ego ergo videor posse transcribere from your mouth ? Do I then appear able to transfer cuiquam ? Hecate non sinat to any one? Hecate may not allow tu petis aequa : sed, Jason, do you request a just thing: but, Jason, dare niajus munus isto quod to grant a greater gift {than) that ichich Teraptabimus revocare longum aevum We will try to call back a long life soceri niea arte, non tuis to my father -in -laic by my art, not by {diminishing) your annis : modo triformis diva adjnvet; que praesens years: if only the threefold goddess assist; and propitious spatium tuae vitae a part of your life hoc, iJiis, nee nor experiar I will endeavor petis. you ask. annuat ingentibus approve the mighty eiFetum corpus the exhausted body ausis." . . . Jussit attempt.'' . . . She ordered Aesonis proferri ad aras : of Aeson to be carried to the altars: Medjea. 243 et porrexit resolutum carmine In plenos somnos, and extended it relaxed by her incantation in deep sleep, similem exaniral, in stratis herbis. like a lifeless (corpse), upon the strewed herbs, Jubet Aesoniden ire procul hinc, S7ie orders the son of Aeson to go far hence, {and she ministros procul hinc : et monet orders his) attendants {to go) far hence: and she warns reraovere profanes oculos arcanis. them to withdraw their profane eyes from her secret {rites). Jussi diffugiunt. Medea, capillis These ordered flee in different directions. Medea, her hair sparsis, circuit flagrantes aras, ritu dishevelled, runs around the flaming altars, in the manner Bacchantum ; que tingit multifidas faces in atra of the Bacchantes; and dips the split torches in a black fossa sanguinis; 260 et accendit intinctas in ditch of blood; and lights the dipped {torches) at geminis aris : que lustrat senem ter flamma, the double altars: and purifies the old man thrice with flame, ter aqua, ter sulfure. Interea medicamen thrice icith water, thrice with sulphur. Meantime the mixture positum calido aeno fervet, et exultat, que put in a hot brazen vessel boils, and bounds up, and albet tumentibus spumis. Illic incoquit whitens with swelling froth. There she boils together radices resectas Haemonia valle, que semina et roots gathered in the Haemonian valley, and seeds and flores et atros sucos. Adjicit lapides petitos flowers and black juices. She casts in stones (gems) procured extremo Oriente, et arenas quas refluum in the remotest East, and sands which the refluent mare Oceani lavit. Et addit pruinas exceptas sea (tide) of Ocean washes. And she mingled frosts gathered luna pernocte, et infames alas strigis, by the moon at night, and the ill-boding wings of a screech owl, 244 METAMORPHOSES — YII. cum ipsis carnibus, together with its "oery flesh, ambigui lupi soliti of an ambiguous wolf accustomed 270 que and prosecta the entrails mutare ferinos vultus to change his savage face in virum. Nee tenuis squaraea into {the appearance of a) man. Nor was the thin scaly membrana Cinyphii chelydri defuit illis, slough of the CinypMan water-snake wanting que and jecur the liver ora the hill que and caput head vivacis cervi of a long-lived stag; addit adds saecula. ages. instruxit had prepared to thesCy quibus insuper to which she moreover passae (that had) lived novem nine munus the mixture cornicis of a crow Postquam barbara After the barbarian {princess) propositum mortali intended for the mortal his {body of Aeson) with these et and mille a thousand aliis other rebus things sine nomine, confudit omnia ramo without a name, she stirred all together with a branch mitis olivae jampridem arenti, que immiscuit of the cultivated olive long since dry, and mixed ima summis. Ecce vetus the lowest with the highest {ingredients). Lo, the old stipes versato calido aeno primo fit stick turned over in the hot caldron first becomes viridis : 280 nee longo tempore induit frondem, green: and in a short time clothes {itself) with leaves, et subito oneratur gravidis olivis. At quacumque and is suddenly loaded tcith ripe olives. And ignis ejecit spumas cavo the fire cast forth froth from the hollow et calentes guttae cecidere in terrara, and the warm drops fell upon the earth, vernat : que flores, et moUia pabula surgunt. blooms: and flower Sy and soft grapes spring up ,wherever aeno, caldron, humus the ground Quod Which ABACUS. 245 simul ac Medea vidit, recludit jugulum senis as soon as Medea saw, she opened the throat of the old man stricto eiise : que passa veterem cruorem with a drawn sword: and having let the old blood exire, replet sucis. Postquam flow out, replenishes {Ms veins) with new juices. After Aesoii combibit quos^ aeceptos aut ore, Aeson drinks up this, having taken it in either by the mouth, aut vuluere, barba que comae, canitie posita, or by the wounds his beard and hair, grayness put aside, rapuere nigrum colorem. 290 Macies pulsa quickly took a glossy black color. Leanness driven out fugit; que pallor que situs abeunt, que flees; and paleness and ghastliness disappear, and cavae rugae supplentur adjecto corpore; que the hollow wrinkles are filled with increased body; and membra luxuriant. Aeson miratur, et reminiscitur his limbs swell. Aeson wonders, and remembers se olim hunc, ante that he himself was formerly {such as) this, before quater denos annos. four times ten years. Aeacus ingemuit ; que ita locutus tristi Aeacus groaned; and thus spoke with sad voce : . . . 520 '' Quos roquiris memori voice: . . . '' {Those) whom you ask for with mindful mente, jacent ossa que cinis : et illi periere, heart, lie bones and ashes: and they have perished, quota pars mearum rerum ! Dira lues lohat (how great) apart of my belonaings* A dreadful pest incidit populis ira iniquae Junonis, fell upon the people by the anger of unmst Juno^ exosae terras dictas a paelice. Dum hating the lands (Aegina) called from her rival. WJiile malum visum mortale, que nocens causa tantae the evil seemed mortal, and the hurtful cause of so great 246 METAMOHPHOSES — VII. cladis latebat, pugnatum est arte medendi. calamity lay concealed, it was opposed by the art of curing. Exitium superabat opes, quae jacebat The destruction surpassed the remedies, which lay victa. Principle caelum conquered (were baffled). In the heginning the hea^oen pressit terras spissa caligine, et inclusit oppressed the earth with thick darkness, and shut up ignavos aestus nubibus. 530 Que dum luna sluggish heat in its clouds. And while the moon quater implevit orbem cornibus junctis, quater four times filled her orb with horns joined, four times tenuata retexuit plenum orbem, calidi austri diminished opened her full orb, hot south-winds spirarunt letiferis flatibus. Et constat vitium blew with deadly blasts. And it is evident that infection venisse in fontes que in lacus, que came upon the fountains and upon the lakes, and multa milia serpentum errasse per many thousand serpents wandered through incultos agros, atque temerasse fluvios suis the uncultivated fields, and polluted the rivers with their venenis. Potentia subiti raorbi deprensa est poison. The power of the sudden disease was detected primo strage canum, que volucrum, que at first by the destruction of dogs, and of birds, and ovium, que boum, que in feris. of sheep, and of oxen, and in the wild beasts. Infelix arator miratur validos tauros The unfortunate ploughman wonders that powerful bulls concidere inter opus, que recumbere medio fall during work, and lie down in the middle sulco. 540 Que lanae cadunt sua sponte of the furrow. And the wool falls by its own accord lanigeris gregibus, dantibus aegros balatus, from the wool-bearing fiocks, giving faint bleating s. ABACUS. 247 et corpora tabent. Equus, quondam acer, and {their) bodies waste away. The horse, once swift, que magnae famae in pulvere, degenerat palraae; and of great fame in the course, degenerates for-dictory; que oblitns veterum lionorum, gemit ad and forgetful of former honors, groans at mori turns inerti morbo. Aper about to die by sluggish disease. The icild boar non irasci, cerva non fidere cursu, nee not to be angry, the deer not to trust to her speed, nor ursi incurrere fortibus armentis. the bears to attack the strong herds. praesepe, the stable, nieminit remembers habet possesses silvis, in the woods, vitantur is corrupted omnia ; all things; que and foeda foul corpora bodies Languor Languor jacent lie que and que and viis : in the ways : aurae the air mira, non not agris, in the fields, odoribus. Ijoquor with odors. I speak wonderful {things), avidae volucres^ 550 non cani In pi, greedy birds, not hoary wolves, ilia ; dilapsa, liquescunt, those {carcases): falling aic ay, they bee 07ne liquid, que nocent afflatu, et agunt contagia by their exhalations, and spread contagions canes dogs tetigere touched ve or and hurt late. Pestis pervenit ad miseros wide. The plague arrives among the wretched damno, et dominatur in loss, and rules in urbis. Primo viscera city. At first the bowels flammis. in the fiames. igni, est is graviore with heavier magnae of the great colonos husbandmen moenibus the walls torrentur, are heated. que and fatiscunt burst open ductus et and Rubor, Redness, indicium drawn with fire, is the token {of the infection) ; lingua tumet ; que ora patent arentia tongue swells; and the mouth is open, parched anhelitus the breath aspera the rough tepid is with warm 248 METAMORPHOSES — VII. ventis: que graves aurae captantur winds : and the lieavy (infectious) air is inhaled hiatu. Xon possimt pati stratum, non with gaping. They are not able to suffer a bed, nor uUa velannua, sed ponunt dura praecordia in any coverings, hut they place their hard breasts on terra; uec 560 corpus fit gelidum humo, the earth; nor is the body made cold by the ground, sed humus fervet de corpore. Nee moderator but the ground is heated from the body. Nor is a director adest, que saeva clades erumpit (physician) present, and the cruel calamity breaks forth in ipsos medentes ; que artes obsunt auctoribus. upon them as they cure; and their art injures its oicners. Quo propior quisque est^ que servit fidelius The nearer each is, and serves more faithfully aegro^ citius venit in partem a sick (person), more quickly he comes into a share leti. Que ut spes salutis abiit, que of death. And when hope of safety has departed, and vident finem morbi in funere^ indulgent they see the end of disease i)i death, they indulge {their) animis, et est nulla cura^ quid utile. Enim desires, and there is no care, what {may be) useful. Truly nihil est utile. Passim, que pudore posito, nothiiig is iiseful. Everywhere, even shame being laid aside, haerent fontibus, et fluviis, que they cling to the fountains, and to the rivers, and capaeibus puteis. Nee sitis extincta est to the capacious wells. Nor teas thirst quenched bibendo, prius quam vita. 570 Inde multi by drinking, before life {icas extinct). Thence WMuy graves nequeunt consurgere, et immoriuntur aquis sick are unable to rise, and die in the waters ipsis : tamen aliquis et haurit illas. Que tanta themselves: yet some one even drinks them. And so great ABACUS. 249 sunt taedia invisi lecti miseris, is the weariness of the hateful bed to the wretched ones, prosiliunt^ aut, si vires prohibent consistere, they leap out, or, if (their) strength hinders them from standing ^ devolvunt corpora in humura, que fugiiint they roll down their bodies upon the ground, and they shun quisque suos penates : sua domus each his own household gods (home): his own house videtur funesta cuique. Et quia causa latet, seems fatal to each. And, because the cause lies hidden, locus est in crimine. Adspiceres semianimes, the place is in fault. You might see them, half -dead, errare notis viis, dum valebant stare ; loandering in the knoicn ways, while they were able to stand; alios flentes, que jacentes terrae, que versantes others weeping, and lying on the earthy and turning lassa lumina supremo motu ; 580 que their weary eyes with a last movement; and tendunt membra ad sidera pendentis caeli, they stretch their limbs to the stars of the hanging heaven, exhalantes hie illic, ubi mors deprenderat. expiring here (and) there, where death seized (them). Quid animi fuit tunc mihi ? quod What feeling was then mine ? ( Were they not) what debuit esse, ut odissem vitam, et they ought to have been, that I should hate life, and cuperem esse pars meorum ? Quocumque acies desire to be part of my (countrymen)? Wherever the glance oculorum flexerat se, illic vulgus erat stratum ; of the eye turned itself, there the people were strewed; veluti cum putria pom a cadunt motis ram is, as when rotten apples fall from shaken branches, que glandes agitata ilice. Vides templa and acorns from the agitated oak. You see the temple contra, sublimia longis gradibus. Juppiter on the other side. lofty with long steps. Jupiter 260 METAMORPHOSES — VII. tenet ilia. Quis tulit non irrita tiira ilHs holds it. Who bore not useless incense to those altaribus? Quotiens dum conjiinx dixit altars ? How often while the Jmsband offered precantia verba pro conjuge, 590 genitor pro prayers for his wife, the father for gnato, finivit animam in aris non exoratis ; his son, he ended life at the altars not placated; que pars turis reperta est inconsumpta in and part of the incense has been found unconsumed in manu ! Quotiens tauri admoti templis, the hand I How often the bulls brought near the temple, dum sacerdos concipit vota, et fundit while the priest performs the sacrifice, and pours purum vinum inter cornua, ceciderunt baud pure wine between the horns, have fallen not expectato vulnere ! Cum ego ipse facerem by an expected tcound ! When I myself was performing sacra Jovi pro me, que patria que sacrifice to Jupiter for myself, and my country and tribus natis, victima edidit diros mugitus, et three sons, the victim uttered dreadful lowings, and collapsa subito sine ullis ictibus, tinxit having fallen suddenly without any bloics, dyed cultros subjectos exiguo sanguine. 600 Quoque the knives placed under with little blood. Also aegra fibra prodiderat notas veri the sick fibre {of the victim) had lost the marks of the truth que monitus deorum : tristes morbi penetrant and the warnings of the gods: the sad disease penetrates ad viscera. Vidi cadavera projecta ante to the entrails. I have seen corpses cast before sacros postes : ante aras the sacred door-posts {of the temple) : before the altars ipsas, quo mors foret invidiosior. themselves^ in order that death might be more odious. MYKMIDONES. 251 Pars claudunt aiiimara laqiieo^ que fugant timorem Part end their life with a noose, and dispel the fear mortis morte; que ultro vocant venientia fata. of death by death; and willingly call the coming fates. Corpora missa neci feruntur nulHs funeribus Bodies sent to death are borne with no funerals de more ; enim neque portae capiebant according to custom; for neither the gates could receive funera. Aiit iiihumata premnnt terras, aut the funerals. Either unburied they press the earth, or dantur indotata in altos are placed unendowed (without obsequies) upon high rogos. Et jam est nulla reverentia ; 610 que funeral-piles. And now there is no respect; and pugnant de rogis, que ardent ignibus they fight concerning funeral-piles, and they burn in fires alienis. Qui lacriment desunt, belonging to others. Those who weep (mourners) are absent, que animae natarnm que matrum, que and the souls of daughters and of mothers, and juvenum, que sennm, vagantur indefletae. Nee of youths, and of old men, wander unwept. Nor locus sufficit in tumulos, nee arbor in does the place suffice for tombs, nor trees for ignes. fires. Attonitns tanto turbine miserarum rerum, Astonished by so great confusion of wretchedness, dixi, '' O Jnppiter, si loquuntur non falsa I said, " Jupiter, if men speak (relate) not false dicta te ivSse sub amplexus Aeginae, words, {saying) that you came to the embrace of Aegina, Asopidos, nee pudet te, magne daughter of As opus, and it does not shame you, great pater, esse parentem nostri, aut redde mihi father, to be the parent of me, either restore to m^ 1 252 METAMORPHOSES — VII. meos, aiit conde me quoque sepulcro." my {countrymen), or hide me also in the to7nb." lUe dedit notam fiilgore, que secundo tonitru. He gave a sign by lightning, and by favorable thunder. 620 ^^ Acclpio," dixi, ^^que precor ista sint '' I receive it/' I said, *'and I pray those maybe felicia signa tiiae mentis ; pigneror omen fortunate signs of your mind; I take as pledge the token quod das mihi/^ Forte qiiercus fuit juxta, which you give me.'" By chance an oak icas near, de Dodonaeo semine, sacra Jovi, rarissima from Dodonaean seed, sacred to Jupiter ^ rnost rare patulis ramis. Hie nos adspeximus longo with spreading branches. Here we beheld in long agmine frugilegas form icas gerentes grande train the fruit-collecting ants carrying a great onus exiguo ore, que servantes suum burden in their sinall mouths, and keeping their own callem rugoso cortice. Dum miror numerum, path in the rough bark. While I wonder at the number, dixi, ^^Optime pater, datu mihi totidem cives; I said, ''Best father, give tome as many citizens; et reple inania moenia.'^ Alta quercus and fill up my empty walls.'' The high oak mtremuit, que, ramis motis sine flamine, trembled, and, the branches being moved without a blast, 630 dedit sonum. Mihi membra horruerant pavido gave a sound. My limbs shivered tcith timid timore, que comae stabant. Tamen dedi fear, and my hair stood {upright). Yet I imprinted oscula terrae, que roboribus; nee fatebar kisses upon the earth, and the oaks; nor did I confess me sperare ; tamen sperabam ; atque fovebam that 1 hoped; yet I did hope; and L cherished mea vota animo. Nox subit, et somnus my wishes in mind. Night comes on, and sleep MYRMIDONES. 253 occupat corpora exercita curis. Eadem quercus possesses my body harassed by cares. The same oak visa est adesse ante mihi oculos, que ferre seemed to be present before my eyes, and to bear totidem animalia suis ramis, que tremiscere as many animals (ants) on its branches, and to tremble parili motu^ que spargere graniferum agmen with similar motion, and to scatter the grain-bearing troop in arvis subjectis; quod crescere subito, in the fields beneath; these (seemed) to increase suddenly, videri majus que majus^ 640 ac tollere to seem greater and greater, and to raise et viaeri majus and to seem greater an se humo^ themselves from the ground, et que assistere recto and to stand near the upright trunco, ponere maciem, que and nuraerum the number trunk, and to lay aside leanness pedum, et inducere humanarn formara membris. of feet, and to put the human form upon their limbs. Somnus abit. Vigilans damno My sleep departed. nihil that no Awake I censure mea visa, vision, que and queror complain opis aid murmur noise ingens a great exaudire voces to hear the voices esse is in in m mihi. to me, ecce behold my superis. At the gods above. But erat in aedibus, que videbar was in the house, and J seemed hominum, jam desuetas of men, now unusual Dnm suspicor haec quoque somni, While I suspect these also (to be visions) of sleep j Telamon venit properus, que foribus (my son) Telamon comes hastily, and with doors reclusis, dixii, "Pater, egredere, videbis opened, said, ''Father, come out, you shall see (things) majora que spe que fide/' Egredior ; que greater both than your hope and your faith.' ^ I go out; and adspicio que I behold and 17 agnosco recognize tales viros ex ordine quales such men in order as i 254 METAMORPHOSES — Yll. 650 visus eram vidisse in imagine somni. I had seemed to have seen in the image of sleep. Adeunt^ que salutant regem. Solvo They approach, and salute {me as their) king . loffer vota Jovi, que partior urbem .recentibus vows to Jupiter, and I divide the city among the new populis, et agros vacuos priscis cultoribus, people, and the fields empty of their former tillers, que voco Myrmidonas^ nee fraudo nomina und I call (them) Myrmidons, nor do I deprive the names origine. Vidisti corpora. Nunc quoque of their origin. Tou have seen (their) persons. Now also habent mores quos gerebant ante, que they have the manners which they had before, and parcum genus, que patiens laborum, que (they are) a frugal race, and patient of labor, and tenax quaesiti, et qui reservant tenacious of (the tiling) obtained, and they keep quaesita. the (things) obtained. Cephalus, et simul creati Pallante, Cephalus, and at the same time (tJiose) born from Pallas conveniunt ad regem. Sec altus (Clytus and Butes), repair to the king. But deep sopor adhuc habebat regem. Phoeus Aeacides sleep as yet held the king. Phoeus, the sonof Aeacus, excipit illos in limine ; nam Telamon que receives them at the thresliold; for Telamon and frater legebant viros ad bella. 670 Phoeus his brother were collecting men for tear. Phoeus ducit Cecropidas in interius spatium que pulchros leads the Athenians into the inner room and beautiful recessus, cum quis simul ipse resedit. apartment, icith whom at the same time himself sat down. Adspicit Aeoliden ferre in He perceives the grandson of Aeolus (Cephalus) bore in ' CEPHALUS. 255 manii jacalum factum ex ignota arbore ; ciispis Ms hand a dart made of unknown wood; the point ciijus fuit aurea. Ille locutus prius pauca of which was golden. He having spoken first a few mediis serraonibus, ait, '^ Sum studiosus (words) in promiscuous discourse, said, "lam fond nemorum, que caedis ferinae : of the groves, and of the slaughter (ch3ise) of wild beasts: tamen dubito jamdudum e qua silva yet I wonder for a long time out of what wood teneas hastile recisum. Certe, si esset you hold the spear staff cut. Certainly, if it were fraxiuus, foret fulva colore ; si cornus, nodus an ash, it would he yellow in color; if a cornel, a knot inesset. Ignoro uude sit ; 680 sed would he in {it). I am ignorant whence it is; hut nostri oculi non viderunt telum jaculabile my eyes have not seen a weapon for hurling formosius isto.'' Alter e Actaeis fratribus more beautiful than that.'' One of the Athenian brothers excipit, et dixit, ^^ Mirabere in isto usum majorem replied, and said, ''You icill admire its use more than specie. Consequitur quodcumque petit, its beauty. It reaches whatever it seeks que Fortuna non regit missum ; (aims at), and Fortune does not guide it when sent et revolat, cruentum, nullo (thrown); and it flies hack, bloody, although none referente.'^ Vero turn jN'ereius juvenis brings (it) hack.'' But then the Nereian youth (Phocus) quaerit omnia, cur, et unde, datum sit, quis inquires all things, why, and ichence it was given, who auctor tanti muneris. Ille refert the author of so great a gift. He relates {the things) quae petit, sed silet, quae est which he asks, hut is silent {as to the things) which it i^ 256 METAMORPHOSES — VII. pudori narrare, qua mercede tulerit : que a shame to relate, at what price he received it : and tactus dolore amissae conjngis, ita touched by grief for his lost wife (Procris), thus fatur lacrimis obortis : 690 " J^ate he speaks with tears rising: "(O Phocus), horn dea, hoc telum facit me flere, — quis from a goddess, this weapon makes me to weep, — who possit credere? — que faciet diu, can believe it f — and will make {me do so) a long time, si fata dederint nobis vivere diu. Hoc if the fates shall allow me to live long. This perdidit me cum cara coujuge; utinam destroyed me with (my) dear wife; oh that caruissem hoc munere semper ! Procris erat I had been without this gift always! Procris was soror raptae Orithyiae, si forte Orithyia the sister of the seized Orithyia, if by chance Orithyia pervenit magis ad tuas aures ; si velis has come more {probably) to your ears; if you wish conferre faoiem que mores duarum, ipsa to compare the face and the manners of the two, she herself dignior rapi. Pater, Erechtheus, {was) more worthy to be seized. Her father, Erechtheus, junxit hanc mihi: amor junxit hanc mihi. joined her to me: love joined her to me. Dicebar que eram felix : visum est I teas said {to be) and I was happy: it seemed non ita dis, aut nunc quoque forsitan not so to the gods, or now also perhaps essem. 700 Alter mensis post I might be {happy). A second month after jugalia pacta agebatur, cum, tenebris the marriage rites passed, when, the darkness pulsis, lutea Aurora videt me being driven away^ yellow Aurora sees m^ CEPHALtJS, 261 mane in the morning cervis de stags from Hyraetti, Hymettus, referre relate tendentem stretching sumrao the highest retia cornigeris nets for the horn-hearing vertice semper top of ever- florentis blooming que and rapit seizes (me) mvitum. unwilling. vera the truth pace with the permission Liceat mihi Let me deae : of the goddess: quod although ten eat she holds noctis, sit spectabilis roseo ore, quod she is beautiful loith rosy countenance, although confinia lucis, teneat the confines of light and holds {the confines) quod alatur aquis nectareis, of night, although she is nourished with draughts of nectar, ego amabam Procrin, Procris erat pectore, Procris / {yet) lo^ed Procris, Procris was in my heart, Procris semper in mihi ore. 710 Que referebam prima foedera always on my lips. And deserti lecti.'^ . The goddess was moved; querelas, ingrate : complaints, ungrateful {man): mea mens est provida, 'my of my deserted bed. et dixit, " Siste and said, *' Cease habe Procrin ! have Procris ! voles non you will wish not me illi. me back to her. 1 related the first covenan ts Dea mota est; mens mind cum with tuas your Quod si But if my mind is foreseeing, babuisse/' que irata remisit to have had her,'' and angry she sent Dum redeo, que retracto While I was returning, and considering me memorata deae, metus myself {the things) mentioned by the goddess, fear coepit began jugalia the conjugal credere to believe esse, ne conjunx non to arise, lest my wife might not que and jura. Que facies rights. And her face adulterium ; mores infidelity; her manners servasset bene have kept well aetas jubebant age induced me prohibebant JUndered me from 258 METAMORPHOSES — Yll. credere. Sed tarn en abfueram : sed et believing it. But yet Iliad been absent: but even haec, unde redibam, erat exemplum this (Aurora), whence I was returning ^ was an example criminis : sed amantes timemus cuncta. 720 Statue of crime: but we lovers fear all things. I decide quaerere quo doleam, que solHcitare pudicam to seek that by which I may grieve, and to tempt her chaste fidern donis. Aurora favet huic timori que imrautat faith by gifts. Aurora favors this fear, and changes meana figuram — (videor sensisse). Ineo my figure — {I seem to have perceived it). I enter Palladias Athenas, iiou cognosoendus ; the city of Pallas^ Athens, not to be known (in a form que ingredior domum. Domus ipsa unknown); and I enter {my own) house. The house itself carebat culpa ; que dabat signa casta, que erat was without fault; and gave signs of chastity, and was anxia rapto domino. Vix aditus factus anxious for its seized 7naster. Scarcely access teas made per mille dolos ad Erecthida. by a thousand tricks to the daugJifer of ErectJieus (Procris). Ut vidi, obstupui, que paeue reliqui When I saw, I was astonished, and almost I abandoned raeditata temptamenta fide. Continui me the projected trial of her faith, I restrained myself male quin faterer vera ; male quin scarcely from • confessing the truth; scarcely from ferrem oscula, ut oportuit. 730 Erat tristis ; sed kissing her, as was right. She was sad; but tamen nulla potest esse formosior ilia yet no (icoman) can be more beautiful than she tristi : que calebat desiderio {even though) sad: and she was consumed with desire conjugis abrepti. Tu collige, Phoce, for her husband torn from her. Imagine, Phocus, CEPHALUS. 259 qiialis decor fuerit in ilia, quam dolor ipse what sort of beauty was ia her, whom grief itself sic decebat. Quid referam quotiens pudici thus did become. Why shall Fr elate how often her chaste mores reppulerint nostra temptarnina ? quotiens manners repulsed my attempts f how often' dixerit, '' Ego servor uni, ubicumque est, she said, "/ am kept to one {alone), wherever he is, servo mea gaudia uni.'^ Cui sano I keep my joys for one alone.'' To what sensible {man) ista experientia fide non foret magna would that trial of faith not be great satis? Sum non contentus, et pugno in mea enough? lam not contented, and I fight to my own vulnera, dum paciscor me dare wounds (sorrow), while 1 promised that 1 would give census pro nocte, 740 que augendo munera vast sums for a night, and by increasing the gifts tandem coegi dubitare. Exclamo, " Rea at length I forced her to hesitate. I cry out, '* The culprit victa est, male ! Ego, adulter is conquered (proved guilty), to my sorrow ! I, the gallant teetus, eram verus conjunx. Perfida, in disguise, was your true husband. Treacherous woman, teneris, me teste." Ilia nihil, you are caught, and by my witness.'' She {answered) nothing, tantummodo victa tacito dolore fugit only conquered by silent grief she fled insidiosa limina cum malo conjuge ; que from the crafty house with her wicked husband; and perosa omne genus virorum mei thoroughly hating all the race of men by my offensa, errabat montibus, operata offence, she wandered in the mountains, employed studiis Dianae. Tum violentior ignis in the pursuits of Diana. Then a more violent fire 260 METAMORPHOSES — YII. pervenit ad inihi ossa deserto ; orabam veniam, comes to my frame {thus) forsaken; I begged pardon, et fatebar peccasse ; et me potuisse and I confessed that I had sinned; and that I would have succiimbere simili culpae quoque, muneribus yielded to a like fault also, if gifts datis, 750 si tanta munera darentur. Prius icere given, if so great gifts should he given. First ulta laesum pudorem redditur mihi having avenged her injured chastity she is restored to me confesso hoc, et exigit dulces annos concorditer. after this confession^ and spends sweet years in harmony. Praeterea, tamqiiam dedisset parva dona, Besides, as if she had given {hut) small gifts, dat mihi canem munus; quern cum sua she gives tome a dog {as) a gift; which when her Cynthia traderet illi, dixerat, " Superabit Cynthia (Diana) gave to her, she had said, '' It will surpass omnes currendo." Simul et dat all in running.'^ At the same time also she gives jacuhim, quod cernis habemus manibus. the dart, which you perceive I have in my hands Eequiris quae sit fortuna alterius muneris? Do you ask ichat is the fortune of the other gifif Accipe : movebere novitate Receive {\ie2iT): you will he moved hy the novelty mi rand i facti. of the wonderful deed. Laiades solverat carmina non Tfie son of Laius (Oedipus) had solved verses not intellecta ingeniis priorum ; 760 et understood hy the icit of men hef ore him; and obscura vates, immemor the mysterious prophetess (The Sphinx), unmindful suarum ambagum, jacebat praecipitata. of Iter own windings (riddles), lay prostrate. CEPHALUS. 261 Scilicet alma Themis liquit non talia Truly bounteous Themis (Justice) leaves not such iniilta. Protiniis altera pestis (things) unrevenged Immediately another plague immissa est Aoniis Thebis, et multi rurigeiiae was sent on Aonian Thehis, and many countrymen pavere feram que suo exitio que feared the wild beast both by their oicn destruction and pecorum. Vicina juventus {that) of their cattle. (TT^t son of Aeson, hurled a spear, ichich accident turns away ab illo, et figit in fatura from it {the boar), and fastens to the destruction latrantis, et, conjectnm inter ilia, of a barking {dog), and, being cast through the bowels, fixum est tellure per ilia. At manus was fixed in the earth through the boicels. But the hand Oenidae variat, que duabus of the son of Oeneus {^le\ea.ger) differs, and two {spears) missis, prior hasta stetit terra, were hurled, the former spear stood in the earth, altera medio terG:o. Nee mora : the other in the middle of his back. Nor {was there) delay; dum saevit, dum versat corpora in orbem, que while he rages, tcJiile he rolls his body around, and fundit stridentem spumam cum novo sanguine, pours forth hissing foam icith fresh blood, auctor vulneris adest, que irritat hostem the author of the icound comes up, and provokes the enemy ad iram, que condit splendida venabula in to anger, and hides the shining hunting spear in adversos armos. 420 Socii testantur gaudia his opposite shoulder. His companions shoto their joy secundo clamore, que petunt conjungere with favorable shout, and seek to join victricem dextram dextrae que Ms victorious right {hand) to their right hands and 284 METAMORPHOSES — VHI. mirantes spectant immanem ferum jacentem wondering they view the immense wild {hoar) lying on multa telliire, neque putant esse a large space of earth, nor do they think him to he adhiic tutu 111 contingere, sed tameu quisque cruentat as yet safe to touch, hut yet each stains sua tela. Ipse pressit exitiabile his own weapons. (Meleager) himself pressed the destructive caput pede imposito, atque dixit ita, "Nonacria, head with foot placed on it, and said thus^ ''Nonacrian sume spolium mei juris, et gloria veniat (Atalanta), take the spoil of my right, and the glory may come ill partem milii cum te.'^ Protinus in part (may be shared by) me with you.'' Immediately dat exuvias, terga horrentia rigidis he gives the spoils, the back, rough with stiff saetis, et ora insignia bristles, and the countenance (the head) remarkable magnis dentibus. 430 Auctor muneris cum with great teeth. The author of the gift as well as munere est laetitiae illi. Alii invidere ; the gift is a pleasure to her. The others envied; que murmur erat toto agmine. E quibus and a muttering was in the whole troop. Of these Thestiadae tendeiites bracchia clamant the sons of Thestius, stretching their arms, cry out ingenti voce, ^^Age ! femina, pone, nee with great voice, ''Come ! woman, lay them down, and do not intercipe nostros titulos, nee fiducia formae intercept our honors, nor let your confidence in your beauty decipiat te, ne auctor captus amore tuo sit deceive you, lest the giver taken by love for you be longe/' et adimunt liuic munus, illi afar,'' and they take away from her the gift, from him jus muneris. Mavortius tulit non, the right of giving. The warrior {yLe]e3igeY) bore this not. MELEAGER. 285 anger, alieni, belonging to another^ ' ' '^^ que and quantum how much hausit he pierced timentia fearing que and que and et, frendens tumida ira, dixit, "Discite, and, indignant with swelling anger , said, ''Learn, raptores honoris plunderers of the honor facta distent minis ^ deeds differ from threats; " 440 nefando ferro pectora Plexippi, with impious sword the breast of Plexippus nil tale. Haud patitur Toxea, dubium quid no such thing. He does not allow Toxeus, doubtful what faciat, que pariter volentem ulcisci fratrem, to do, and equally wishing to avenge his brother, timentem fraterna fata, dubitare diu, fearing his brother's fate, to hesitate long, recalfecit telum^ calidum priore oaede, he warmed again hisiceapon, hot with former slaughter, consorti sanguine. in the brother's blood. Althaea, nato victore, ferebat Althaea, since her son (Meleager) was conqueror^ was bearing dona templis deum, cum videt fratres gifts to the temples of the gods, when she sees her brothers referri extinctos. Quae plangore dato, implet urbem borne lifeless. She, beating her breast, fills the city maestis ululatibus, et mutavit auratas atris with sad cries, and changed her gilded {robes) for black vestibus. At simul auctor necis editus est, robes. But as soon as the author of the death was named, omnis luctus excidit 450 et versus est a lacrimis all grief fell and was changed from tears Erat stipes, There loas a stump of a tree, Thestlas in into amorem poenae. desire for punishment. cum quem, which, when (Althaea), enixa after having brought forth 19 jaceret daughter of Thestius, lay partus, triplices sorores offspring, the three-fold sisters 286 METAMORPHOSES — VIH. posuere in flaramam ; que nentes stamina [Fates] placed in the flame; and spinning the threads fatalia impresso poUice, dixerant, " O nate modo, of fate with pressed thumbs said, ''0 you born just noWy damns eadem tempora, que ligno que we give the same length of time, both to the wood and tibi/^ Quo carmine dicto, postquam deae to you.^' When this prophecy wasuttered, after the goddesses excessere, mater eripuit flagrantem torrem ab departed, the mother snatched the flaming brand from igne que sparsit liquentibus undis. Ille the fire and- sprinkled it with liquid water. i^ [the brand] fuerat abditus din imis penetralibus, que had been concealed a long time in the lowest recesses, and servatus^ juvenis, servaverat tuos annos. being preserved, youth, it preserved your years, 460 Genitrix protulit hunc, que imperat The mother brought forth this, and commands taedas poni in fragmina^ et torches to be placed upon the broken pieces {of wood), and admovet inimicos ignes positis. Turn applies fatal fires to them ichen placed. Then conata quater imponere ramum flammis, having endeavored four times to place the branch on theflames^ quater tenuit coepta. Que mater que four times she withheld her task. Both the mother and soror pugnant, et duo diversa nomina trahunt the sister struggle, and the two different names distract unum pectus. Saepe ora pallebant metu her one heart. Often her countenance grew pale with fear sceleris futuri ; saepe fervens ira dabat suum of the crime impending ; often gloicing anger gave its ruborem ocub's : et modo vultus erat similis redness to her eyes: and now her look was like minanti nescio quid crudele; modo one threatening I know not what cruel thing; now MELEAGER. 287 qiiem one which posses credere misereri. Que cum you could believe full of pity. And when ferus ardor animi siccaverat lacrimas, 470 tamen the fierce passion of mind had dried her tears, lacrimae inveniebatur. Que ut carina, tears were found. And as a ship, yet quam ventus which the wind que and vim^ force, aestus a tide vento contrarius opposite incerta pa ret unsteady obeys Thestias (Althaea), daughter of Thestius, affectibus^ que and rapit, to the wind seizes, duobus ; the two; errat wanders sentit gerninam a double baud not affections, que per vices and in turn ponit lays aside Tameu Yet positam iram. her quieted anger. esse melior to be superior leniat she may soothe est pia impietate. she is pious in her impiety. pestifer ignis convaluit, dixit, the deadly fire grew strong, she cried, que and germana the sister aliter otherwise dubiis with varying resuscitat rouses again incipit begins et, and, ut that consangineas the kindred parente ; to the parent; umbras, shades {of her brothers), Nam postquam For cfter " Iste rogus ''Let that funeral pile Que ut tenebat And as she held 480 infelix adstitit unhappy she stood " Eumenides, ''Furies, creraet mea viscera/ burn my bowels (my son)." fatale lignum dira manu, the fateful wood inher ruthless hand, ante sepulcrales aras, before the sepulchral altars, triplices deae poenarum, advertite vestros vultus que and inquit, said. three-fold goddesses of punishment, furialibus sacris. Ulciscor to these baleful rites. I avenge mors est pianda morte : death must be expiated by death: turn que your looks facio nefas : and I commit a crime: scelus est addendum crime must be added 288 METAMORPHOSES — VIII. ill seel us, funus in funera. Impia domus pereat to crimey funeral to funeral. Let the impious house perish coacervatos luctus. An Oeneus felix accumulated grief. Shall Oeneus happy nato victore, Thestius erit orbus? a son victorious, shall Thestius be bereft ? lugebitis melius. (It is better that both should per through fruetur enjoy Ambo You both will mourn better fraterni, mourn). que and paratas prepared Modo vos, manes Only you, spirits of my brothers, recentes animae, sentite meum officium, que accipite new spirits, perceive my duty, and accept inferias sacrifices for the dead 490 mala pignora nostri uteri. of my loomb. Fratres, ignoscite matri ! Brothers, pardon a mother ! coepta. Fatemur ilium the undertaking. I confess that he auctor mortis displicet the author of death is repugnant feret the wicked pledges with great price, Ei mihi ! Alas me ! quo whither rapior ? am I hurried ? Manus My hands meruisse deserved deficiunt ad fail cur pereat, to perish, Ergo Shall he therefore victor, et a conqueror, and habebit regnum shall he have the kingdom mihi. to me. et and impune, que vivus, and successu with success alive, ipso, itself, Vos jacebitis Shall you lie exiguus cinis que gelidae umbrae? Equidem a little (heap of ) ashes and lifeless shades? Truly go unpunished, tumidus proud Calydonis? of Galydonf baud / loill not trahat carry with him patiar. suffer it. regni, of the kingdom, Sceleratus pereat, May the wicked (Meleager) perish, patris, of his father (Oeneus), que ruinam patriae. Ubi est and the ruin of his country. Wliere is m que botJi spem the hope que and que and Meleager. raaterua mens? ubi suni mother' 8 heart? uhere are 289 pia jura t?Le affect ionate ties parentum ? 500 et labores quos sustiuui bis of parents? and the labors which I sustained twice quiuque mensum ? O utinam arsisses five months? would that youhadheenhurned infans primis ignibus, que ego passa forem an infant in that first fire, and 1 had suffered id I vixisti nostro munere^ nunc moriere that! you have lived by my gift, now you shall die by tuo merito. Cape praomia facti^ que your own fault. Take the reward of your deed, and redde animam bis datam, primum partu, mox return your life twice gicen, first at birth, then when stipite rapto, vel adde me fraternis sepulcris. the brand was seized, or add me to my brothers' death. Et cupio, et nequeo. Quid agam? Modo Both Iwishy and I am unable. Wliat shall I do? Xow vulnera fratrura sunt ante mihi oculos, the wounds of my brothers are before my eyes, et imago tantae caedis ; nunc pietas, and the picture of such great slaughter; now affection, que materna nomina fmngunt. Me miseram • and a mothers name overcome me. Me icretched ! fratres, vincetis male, sed vincite ; brothers, you will prevail to my sorrow, but prevail; 510 dummodo ipsa sequar vos, que solacia if only I myself follow you, and the consolations quae dedero vobis/* Dixit que which I shall have given to you.'' She spoke, and avei'sa, conjecit funereum torrem trementi turning away, she cast the fatal brand with trembling dextra in medios ignes. Ille stij>es right hand into the middle of the fire. That brand aut dedit aut visusest dedisse gemitus, et either gave or seemed to have given groans, and 290 METAMORPHOSES— Vlll. correptus seized ab by inscius atque igiiorant and sentit viscera feels his bowels scorched dolores pain cadat he falls et dicit invitis ignibus arsit. unwilling fires burnt. absens uritur ab absent is burnt by torreri caecis ignibus, ac superat by hidden fire, but he withstands ilia that Meleagrog Meleager flamma, et flame, and magnos the great quod because virtute. by valor. ignavo by an inactive Tamen Yet sanguine, bloody 520 que and fratrem, brother, leto, death, vulnera Ancaei and he says the loounds of Ancaeus maeret, he grieves, et sine and without felicia, are fortunate. vocat he calls on grandaevum his aged patrem,- father. que and que and pias affectionate sorores, sisters. que and cum with ton, of his bed, forsitan perhaps {he called on his) gemitu, a groan, sociam the partner supremo ore ; et with his last voice; and Que Both que and dolor the pain uterque each abiit departed fa villa embers crescunt, increase, que and matrem. i^ue igms mother. Both the fire languescunt : simul diminish: at once extinctus est, was extinguished, jacet : lies low: iterum again paulatim spiritus little by little the spirit leves auras, paulatim cana the light air, little by little the gray velante prunam. Alta Calydon covered up the live coals. Lofty Calydon que juvenes que senes lugent, both youths and old men in into que and auras, air. vulgus tJie people que and proceres gemunt, the nobles groan, que and que mourn, both Calydonides the Calydonian matres Eveninae scissae capillos planguntur. matrons of Evenus cut their locks and beat their beasts. Genitor fusus humi foedat canitiem The father stretched on the ground begrimes his hoary head MELEAGER. 291 que and manus the hand seniles vultus pnlvere, aged face with dust, spatiosum aevum. Nam his prolonged old age. For diri facti, of the dread deed, ferro acto the sword driven dedisset mihi ora sonantia Iiad given me a mouth sounding 530 que and conscia conscious exegit exacted per through poenas punishment de of increpat curses sibi to itself matre, the mother. "que and capax enormous ingenium, ability, que and non I could not sororum. persequerer tell I m mem ores Unmindful pectora ; que breasts; and dum while viscera. Si deus her entrails. If the gods centum linguis, with a hundred tongues, totum Helicona, the whole Helicon, tristia dicta miserarum the sad sayings of the wretched decoris, tundunt liv^entia of grace, they strike their livid corpus manet, the body (of Meleager) remains^ que and refovent again caress dant oscula they imprint kisses (of Meleager) corpus, dant tlie body, they imprint lecto on the bier posito. there set. cineres ashes fovent que they caress oscula ipsi, kisses upon it. Post cinerem pressant haustos After the ashes (burning) they press the gathered ad pectora ; 540 que aiFusae tumulo jacent, to their breasts; and stretched near the tomb they lie, que complexae nomina signata saxo, fundunt and embracing the name marked on the stone, they pour lacrimas in tears on He (Lelex) immensa superi the gods above nomma. the name. Ait sic : '^ Potentia caeli est speaks thus: ''The power of heaven is finem, et quicquid a limit, and whatsoever volnere, peractum est. have willed, has been accomplished. que habet non and has not 292 METAMORPHOSES VIII. 620 Que A7id quo that you may collibus hills minus dubites, est in the less doubt, there is among tiliae, a lime tree, quercus an oak contermina near Phrygiis the Phrygian eircumdata modico muro. Ipse vidi enclosed by a moderate (low) wall. I myself hane seen locum ; nam Pittheus misit me in Pelopeia the 'place; for Pittheus sent me into the Pelopian arva quondam regnata suo parenti. fields (Phrygia), formerly subject to his father (Pelops). Haud procul hinc est stagnum ; olim J^ot far from here is a swamp; at that time (it was) habitabilis tellus, nunc undae celebres a habitable land, at present (it is) a lake abounding mergis que palustribus felicis. Juppiter venit hue, in divers and fen-loving coots. Jupiter came hither, mortali specie, que cum parente inhuman shape, and with his father (also came) Atlantiades, caducifer the grandson of Atlas (Mercury), bearing a herakVs staff alls positis. Adiere mille domos, with his wings put off. They went to a thousand houses, petentes locum seeking a place (lodging) clausere mille domos. closed the thousand houses. 630 parva quidem, (them), stipulis with straw and swamp -grown reed que and serae bars que and small indeed, et palustri canna anus, que Philemon old woman, and (in marriage) consenuere and grew old together Philemon, ilia under that (roof) ilia in that requiem : repose: (but) Tamen una recepit. Yet one (house) received tecta covered (that died) sed Baucis pia but Baucis, a pious aetate, juncti sunt age, were joined juvenilibus annis, in their youthful years, casa ; que fatendo cottage; and by owning ])arili of equal PHILEMON AND BAUCIS, 293 paupertatem effecere levem nee ferendam their poverty made (it) light (easy) and not to be borne iniqua mente. Xee refert, ne v:ith a discontented mind. It does not matter whether reqiiiras illie dominos, famulos ; tota you ask there for the masters, {or for) tJie servants; the whole domus sunt duo^ idem que parent que household are (but) two, the same both obey and jubent. Ergo ubi caelicolae tetigere command. Therefore when the heavenly guests reached parvos penates, que intmrunt humiles postes this little home, and entered through the low posts vertice subraisso, senex jussit relevare (doors) irAth head lowered, the old man bade {them) to ease membra sedili posito : 640 quo sedula their limbs on a seat offered them: oter which busy Baucis superinjecit rude textum. Inde Baucis threw a coarse cloth. Then dimovit tepidum cinerem foco she removed the warm ashes from the fire-place et suscitat hesternos ignes que nutrit and she stirs up yesterday' s fires and coaxes them foliis et sicco cortice, et producit with leaves and dry bark, and blows ad flammas auili anima, que detulit theminto fiames with Tier aged breath, and she brought from tecto multifidas faces que arida ramalia, the roof finely -split faggots and dry brush-wood, et minuit, que admovit parvo and broke them in pieces, and put thein under a small aeuo. Que truncat foliis hoi us kettle. And she cuts (strips) off the leaves from the vegetables quod suus conjunx collegerat riguo which her husband had gathered in the icell-icatered horto. Ille levat sordida terga garden. He (Philemon) takes down a dingy chine 294 METAMORPHOSES — VIII. suis, pendentia nigro ^^giio^ bicorni ofhacoriy hanging on a black (sooty) beam, with a two-pronged furca, que resecat exiguam partem de tergore diu forkj and cuts off a scanty part from the chine long servato, 650 que domat sectam ferventibiis kept, and boils the sliced {part) soft in boiling undis. Interea fallunt medias horas water. Meantime they while away the intervening hours sermonibus. Concutiunt torum de molli ulva in discourse. They shake up the bed of soft sedge impositum lecto^ sponda que pedibus laid upon a couch, (with a) frame and feet salignis. Velant hunc vestibus, quas of willow-wood. They cover this with garments, which consuerant sternere nisi festo they had been wont to spread out ■ only on a festival tempore, sed et haec vestis erat que vilis time (occasion), but even this coverlet was both paltry que vetus, non indignanda saligno lecto. 660 Dei and old, not unsuitable for a willow bed. The gods accubuere. Anus laid themselves down upon it. The old icoman having {her gown) succincta que tremens ponit mensam. tucked up and trembling sets a table before them. Sed tertius pes erat impar ; But its third foot was unequal {to the remaining two feet) ; testa fecit parem. Postquam quae subdita a shell made {it) equal. After this, put under {the sustulit clivum, virentes mentae foot), removed the unevenness {of the table), green mint tersere aequatam. Bicolor baca sincerae wiped the leveled {table). TJie double-colored fruit of pure Minervae ponitur hie, que autumnalia corna Minerva is placed on this, and autumnal cornel-cherries condita in liquida faeoe, que intuba, et radix, preserved in liquid brine, and endive, and radish. PHILEMON AND BAUCIS. 295 et niassa coacti lactis, que ova, leviter versata and a mass of curdled milk, and eggs, lightly turned fa villa non acri, omnia [gentl}' roasted] in the gloicing embers not very hot, all fictilibus. Post haec caelatus crater (these) in earthen vessels. After these things a graven bowl eadem argilla sistitur, que {made) from the same ichite clay is set out, and pocula fabricata fago, 670 qua cava cups made from beech-icood, in which the hollow sunt illita flaventibus ceris. Est (j)arts) (inside) are smeared with yellow wax. There is parva mora ; foci misere calentes epulas, little delay; the fire-place furnished the glowing dishes, vina nee longae senectae referuntur rursns, and wines not of long (great) age are returned again, que seducta paulum daut and having been withdrawn a little they give (place) secundis mensis. Hie est nux, hie to the second table [course]. Here there are nuts, here carica mixta rugosis palmis, que pruna, et dried figs mixed with wrinkled dates, and plums, and redolentia mala in patulis canistris, et uvae fragrant apples in wide baskets, and grapes coUectae de purpureis vitibus. Candidus gathered from the purple 'cines. A glistening white favus est in medio. Boni vultus honey comb is in the midst. Good (friendly) looks accessere super omnia : voluntas nee iners were added above all: and a icill not indifferent que pauper. Interea quotiens vident haustum and mean. Meanwhile so often they see that the drained cratera repleri 680 sua sponte, que bowl is filled again by its own accord, and Vina succrescere ]ier se, attoniti the wines increase of themseUes, thunderstruck 296 METAMORPHOSES — Vlll. novitate pavent, que by the strange occurrence they tremble with fear, and supinis manibus que Baucis que timidus with upturned hands both Baucis and frightened Philemon concipiunt preces et orant veniam Philemon utter prayers and beg pardon for (their dapibus que uullis paratibus. Erat homely) feast and lack of preparation. There was unicus anser, custodia minimae villae, quern a single goose^ the guardian of this little house, which domiui parabant mactare dis its owners were preparing te sacrifice to the gods hospitibus. Ille celer penna fatigat their guests. He swift by {aid of his) icing icearies (them) tardos aetate^ que eludit diu, que slow through age, and eludes them a long while, and tandem visus est confugisse ad deos at length was seen to have fled for refuge to the gods ipsos. Superi vetuere necari, themselves. The celestial deities forbade it to be killed, que dixerunt, '^ Sumus di, que impia and said, ''We are gods, and this impious vicinia luet meritas poenas. neighborhood shall suffer merited punishments. 690 Dabitur vobis esse immunibus It shall be granted to you to be freed hujus mali : modo relinquite vestra tecta, from this calamity: only leave your home, ac comitate nostros gradus, et ite simul and accompany our steps, and go at once in ardua montis/^ Ambo parent, to the steep (places) of the mountain.'' They both obey, et levati baculis, nituntur ponere and supported with staves, they press forward to put vestigia longo clivo. Tantum their footsteps on the long ascending height. So far PHILEMON AND BAUCIS. 297 aberant summo quantum missa sagitta were they distant from the summit as a shot arrow potest ire semel : flexere oculos, et can go at a single {shot) : they turned their eyes, and prospiciunt cetera mersa they behold the other things (all the country round) sunk palude, tantum sua tecta manere. in a morass, and only their own house remaining. Que dum mirantur ea dum And while they are amazed at those (things), and while deflent fata suorum^ ilia vetiis casa, they mourn the fate of their friends, that old cottage, etiam parva duobus dominis, 700 vertitur in even small for two owners, is changed into templum : columnae subiere furcas^ a temple: columns came into the place of the fork-shaped props stramina (the gable of the house), the straw coverings flavescunt, que tellus adoperta marmore, became gold-colored, and the ground paved over with marble, que caelatae fores, que aurata tecta videntur. and sculptured gates, and gilded ceilings are seen. Turn Saturnius edldit talia placido Then the son of Saturn [Jupiter] spoke thus loith calm ore: '^ Dicite, juste senex, et mouth [with gentle accent] : ''Say, just old man, and femina digna justo conjuge, quid optetis." woman worthy of so just a spouse, what you desire.'' Philemon locutus pauca cum Baucide, Philemon, having spoken a few {words) with Baucis, aperit commune judicium su peris : makes known their common decision to the gods above: ^' Poscimus esse sacerdotes, que tueri '' We wish to be your priests, and to have the care of vestra delubra : et quoniam egimus Concordes your temples: and since we have lived harmonious 298 METAMORPHOSES — VIII. annos, eadem hora auferat duos, yearSy let the same hour he the last for both; videam biista meae conjugis, 710 neii sim may I see the tomb of my wife, nor may Ibe\\YVQ'\ tumulandus ab illa/^ Fides sequitur vota : to be buried after her.'' A promise follows their wishes: fuere tutela templi, donee vita they were guardians of the temple, as long as life data est : soluti annis que aevo, cum was granted: weakened by years and age, when forte starent ante sacros gradus, que by chance they stood before the sacred steps, and narrarunt casus loci, Baucis conspexit talked of the fortune of the place, Baucis beheld Philemona frondere senior Philemon Philemon shooting into leaf, and old Philemon {beheld) Baucida frondere,. Que jam cacuraine crescente Baucis shooting into leaf. And now a tree-top growing up super geminos vultus, dum licuit, above their two faces, while yet it was allowed, reddebant mutua dicta, que dixere, simul, "Yale, they exchanged words, and they said, at once, '' Farewell, Oconjunx!^^ Frutex simul texit abdita ora. spouse ! '' Foliage at once covered their hidden lips. Incola Cibyreius adhuc ostendit illic The inhabitants of Cibyra still show there 720 vicinos truncos de geraino corpore. the neighboring trees {formed) from their tico bodies. Senes non vani narravere haec mihi. Old men not empty {talkers) related these {things) to me, nee erat cur vellent neither was there {any reason) why they should wish fallere. Equidem vidi serta pendentia to deceive me. Indeed I myself saw the garlands hanging super ramos, que ponens recentia, upon the boughs, and putting fresh {ones to them), PHILEMOX AND BAUCIS. 299 dixi, "Pii sunt cura diis, et I said, "The Good are a care to the gods, and coluntur qui coluere.'^ they are honored who have honored (them).** 300 METAMORPHOSES — IX. BOOK IX. Mora medii temporis fuit longa : The space of the intervening time was long (a long que acta magni interval of time succeeded) : and the deeds of the great Herculis, que odium novercae Hercules, and the hatred of his step-mother (Juno) implerant* terras. Victor ab liad filled the earth. The conqueror {on his way) from Oechalia parabat sacra vota Oechalia was preparing the sacrifices vowed {by him) Cenaeo Jovi, cum loquax fama^ quae gaudet to Cenaean Jupiter, when babbling fame, which delights addere falsa veris, et . crescit e to add false to true things, and increases from minima per sua mendacia, praecessit ad tuas the least {report) by its own lies, came to your auras^ Dejanira^ 140 Amphitryoniaden ears, Bejanira, {saying thai) the son of Amphitryon teneri ardore loles. A mans was possessed with a burning love for lole. The loving credit : que perterrita fama novae {Bejanira) believes it: and alarmed by the report of a neic veneris^ primo indulsit lacrimis, que miseranda love, at first gave vent to tears, and much to be pitied difFudit suum dolorem flendo. Mox deinde she poured out her grief with tears. Soon then ait, ^^Quidautem flemus? Paelex laetabitur she says, ''Why, then, do J weep? My rival will be gladdened DEJANIRA. 301 istis lacrimis. Quoniam quae adventat, by these tears. Since now she comes near, properandum est, que aliquid novaudum, dum I must hasten, and something must he done, while altera nondura tenet nostros the other not yet possesses my Conquerar, an si learn ? Shall I complain, or must 1 be silent? Calydona, Calydon, Exedam tectis, an Must I depart from this house^ or nihil aniplius, obstem ? Quid si nothing more, oppose {their entrance)? What if memor, Meleagre, me esse tuam sororera, sister, licet, et I may, and thalamos. bridal chambers. Repetam Shall I return to morer ? or must I remain here? sic, thus^ {if 1 may do) me esse that I am Meleager, that 1 am your forte facinus, que testor paelice by my rival's que injuria and tcrong in in remembering, 150 paro I prepare a desperate deed, and show jugulata, quantum femineus dolor murder, hoio much a tcoman's grief possit?^^ Animus abit may be capable of? " Her mind goes away cursus. Praetulit omnibus directions. She preferred to all {other resolves) illi vestem imbutam to him the garment dyed reddat vires may give back strength quid tradat van OS various mittere to send quae which Nesseo, of Nessus, Que And amori love. nescia not knowing what she is giving luctus icoes (the cause of her grief) miserrima mandat que and ut that in the blood defecto to enfeebled ipsa tradit suos she herself gives her own Lichae, Lichas, blandis verbis, ignaro to the im conscious most icretched, she enjoins him icith flattering words, det ilia dona viro. 7ie may give that gift to her husband. 20 302 METAMORPHOSES — IX. Inscius heros capit, que induitur In his ignorance the hero takes it, and puts on humeris virus Ms shoulders the poison (the poisoned garment) Lernaeae Echidnae. Dabat tura et of the Lernaean hydra. He was offering incense and precantia verba primis flammis, supplicating words (prayers) icith the first flames 160 que fundebat vina patera {of the sacrifice) , and teas pouring wine from a gohlet in marmoreas aras : ilia vis mali upon the marble altar: that poicer of evil (poison) incaluit, que resoluta flammis grew warm, and dispersed by flames (by the heat of the body) abiit late diffusa per artus Herculeos. Dum went icidely spread through the limbs of Hercules. WJiile potuit, repressit gemitum solita virtute. he could, he suppressed his groaning with his wonted fortitude. Postquam patieutia victa est malis, After his patience was conquered by his agony, reppulit aras, que implevit neniorosum he pushed away the altar, and fllled the icoody Oeten suis vocibus. Nee mora, conatur Oeta with his cries. Nor (is there any) delay; he endeavors scindere letiferam vestem ; ilia, qua to tear away the death-bringing garment; that, icherever trahitur, trahit cutem ; que foedum it is drawn off, draws the skin icith it; and horrible relatu, aut frustra temptata revelli, to be related, either (it), in vain tried to be torn off (when haeret membris, aut he vainly endeavored to pluck it off), sticks to his body, or detegit laeeros artus et grandia ossa. 170 Ipse bares his mangled joints and huge bones. The very cruor stridet ceu quondam eandens lammina blood hisses as sometimes (does) a glowing metal plate HERCULES. 303 tincta in gelido lacu, que coqwitur ardente dipped ill a cold water -tank, and seethes icith the burning veneno. Xec est niodus^ avidae flaramae poison. Xor is {there) a limit; the greedy flames sorbent ])raecordia, que caeruleiis sudor fluit suck up his vitals, a fid the dark perspiration flows de toto corpore, que ambusti nervi sonant, from his whole body, and his burnt sinews crackle, que medullis liquefactis caeca tabe. Tollens and his marrow is melted by the hidden venom. Raising j)alnias ad sidera, exclauiat, ^^Saturnia, his hands toward the stars, he cries out, " daughter of Saturn, pascere nostris cladibus : j)ascere^ et ab alto, feed upon my calamities: feed, and from on high, crudelis, specta banc pestem, que satia ferum cruel one, behold this plague, and sate your savage cor. Vel SI miserandus et bosti, hoc est, heart. Or if {I am) to be pitied even by a foe, that is, si tibi sum, 180 aufer animam aegram if to you I am {an enemy), takeaway a spirit distressed diris cruciatibus, que invisam que natam laboribus. by dire tortures, and odious and created for toils. Mors erit mi hi mnnus. Decet novercani Death will be to me a boon. It befits a step-mother dare haec dona. Ergo domui to bestow these gifts. {Was it for this), then, I mastered Busirin foedantera templa peregrino cruore, que Busiris defiling the temples icith strangers' gore, and eripui saevo Antaeo alimenta parentis? took from cruel Antaeus the nourishments of his mother Xec triplex form Iberi (Earth) f Did neither the threefold form of the Iberian pastoris movit me, nee tua triplex forma, herdsman startle me, nor your threefold form, Cerbere? Vosne, manus, pressistis cornua Cerberus? Did you, hands, grasp the horns 304 METAMORPHOSES — IX . validi tauri? Habet Elis vestrum opus, of the mighty hull ? Has Elis your exploit, Stymphalides imdae que Parthenium nemus the Stymphalian waves and the Parthenian grove vestrum ? Balteus caelatus your {exploit)? Was not the belt embroidered Thermodontiaco auro relatus vestra virtute, with Thermodon' s gold brought back by your valor, 190 que poma, custodita ab insomni dracone ? and the apples, guarded by the sleepless dragon? nec potuere Centauri resistere mihi nee mi, nor could the Centaurs resist me, nor me, the wild aper, vastator Arcadiae ? nec profuit Hydrae boar, waster of Arcadia ? nor was it of use to the Hydra crescere que resumere geminas vires per damnum. to grow and to recover double strength by his own loss. Quid, cum vidi equos Tliracis, What, when I saw the steeds of the Thracian (Dioinedes), pingues humano sanguine, que praesepia plena fat from human blood, and the stalls filled laceris corporibus, que dejeci visa, with mangled bodies, and overcame {them when) seen, que peremi dominum que ipsos? Nemeaea and slew their master and themselves ? The Nemean moles jacet elisa his lacertis. Hac monster lies crushed by these arms. With this cervice tuli caelum. Saeva conjunx Jo vis neck I bore up heaven. The cruel spouse of Jupiter defessaest jubendo. Sum has been wearied out with enjoining {tasks). I am indefessus agendo. 200 Sed nova pestis unwearied in doing them. But a new plague adest, cui potest resisti is here, to lohich it can be resisted (resistance can be made) nec virtute, nec telis que armis. neither by valor, nor by missiles and weapons. HERCULES. 305 Edax A consuming que pascitur and feeds Ignis fire valet ! prevails ! esse?^^ exist? '' et and ' errat imis pulmonibus, spreads in the depths of my lungs, artus. At Eurystheus my limbs. But Eurystheus qui possint credere deos per omnes through all sunt are there those graditur strides quam saucius wounded si Dixit, que He spoke, and Oeten baud aliter Oeta not otherwise venabula fixa in corpore spears fixed in his body refugerit. Saepe videres has escaped. Often you might haie seen him per in tigns than (as) if a tiger auctor the author que and who can believe gods altum lofty gerat bears facti of the deed edentem giving out gemitus, saej^e frementem, saepe retemptantem groans, often roaring^ often striving over and over refringere totas vestes^ que sternentem trabes, que to tear off his whole robe, and prostrating trees, and irascentem 210 montibus, aut tendentem raging in the mountains^ or stretching bracchia patrio caelo. Ecce, adspicit Licban his arms to his father' s heaven. Lo, he beholds Lichas trepidum et latitantem in cavata rupe, skulking in a holloiced rock, trembling dolor his pain " Tune, ''Did you, and que and ut as collegerat hadj summoned Licha, Lichas, tulisti bring ens auctor meae necis be author of my death?'' pavet, et timide fears, and timidly Alcides The grandson of Alcaeus (Hercules) dicentem que parantem adhibere speaking and preparing to put omnem rabiem, dixit, all his rage, he said, feralia dona? Tune this deadly gift ? Will you Ille, pallidus, tremit que He, pale, trembles and dicit excusantia verba. speaks apologizing words. corripit seizes {him while) manus genibus; his hands on the knees 306 METAMORPHOSES — IX. tormento, than a hurling engine, que and et, fortius (of Hercules) ; and, more powerful mittit rotatum que ter launches him whirled both three Euboicas uudas. Ille induruit the Euhoean leaves. He stiffened (while) floating aerias auras: 220 que ut ferunt the airy breezes : and as they say corpus the mass adstringi is hound hard concrescere gelidis ventis, combine by the freezing toinds, (and) inde, iiivibus quoque thence, and when snowflakes mole, by their own loeight, spissa graudiue. in thick-falling hail, ilium, missum he, having been sent lacertls, que arms, quicquam any nives snows quarter in four times into pendens per through imbres the raindrops fieri are produced rotatis are whirled around et glomerari and rolled up prior aetas edidit a former age declared that per inane validis through void (space) by strong nee habentem SIC thus que exsanguera metu, and pale with fear, and not humoris, versum in moisture (vital fluid), turned into having rigidos silices, stone. Nunc Now quoque also m in and alto the deep brevis scopulus eminet, et a low rock stands forth, humanae formae, quern, of a human form, which (rock), nautae verentur caleare, sailors fear to tread on, inelita renoicned Euboico Euboean servat retai)is gurgite gulf vestigia tJie traces quasi sensurum, as if it could feel, que appellant Lichan. a7id call Lichas. At But tu, you, 230 arboribus, lohen trees, que and structis built in into proles Jovis, offspring of Jupiter, Oete gesserat, caesis, Oeta had borne, were cut, pyram, jubes a pyre, command (Vliilocieie^,) quas ardua ichich HEUCULES. 307 satiini Poeante ferre arcum que capaceni son of Foeas, to bring your how and capacious pharetram, que sagittas visuras iterum quiier, and the arrows about to visit again Trojan regna, quo ministro the Trojan realms, by which attendant (Pliiloctetes) flamma subdita est. Que dum agger comprenditur flame was put beneath. And while the heap is caught avidis ignibus, sternis summam congerieni by the hungry fires, you spread the top of the pile silvae Xemaeo vellere, et, cervice of timber witJi the Nemaean (liofi's) ski?i, and, with neck imposita clavae, recumbis baud alio vultu quam laid on your club, you recline with no other look than si jaceres con viva redimitus sertis if you were reclining as a guest encircled with wreaths inter pocula plena meri. Que jam flamma, among goblets full of pure wine. And now the flame, valens et diffusa in omne latus, sonabat, 240 que strong and difl^used on every side, crackled, and petebat securos artus que suum contemptorem. assailed his fearless limbs and its own despiser. Dei timuere pro vindice terrae. Quos, The gods feared for the champion of the earth. These, enim sensit, Saturnius Juppiter ita for lie 'perceived their thoughts, Saturnian Jupiter thus allo((uitur laeto ore : '' Iste timor est addresses with joyful words: ''That fear {of yours) is nostm voluptas, O superi, que libens grator 7ny delight, gods, and pleased Icongraiulate mihi toto pectore, quod dicor que myself with my whole heart, that I am called both rector que pater memoris populi, et mea ruler and father of a grateful people, and that my progenies quoque est tuta vestro favore. Nam, progeny also is guarded by your favor. For, 308 METAMORPHOSES — IX. enim indeed, metu, fear, vicit has 'vanquished cernitis, nee, you see, nor, paveant be alarmed quamquam datis hoc ipsius immanibus although you grant this {concern) for his 'cast aetis, tamen obligor ipse. Sed achievements, still I am obliged {to you) myself. But ne fida peetora lest your faithful breasts temnite Oetaeas flammas. 250 Qui disregard Oeta's flames. He, who omnia, vineet ignes all things, will vanquish the fires nisi materna parte save in his maternal part, vano witJi idle qiios which sentiet shall he feel potentem the mighty aeterniim eternal domabile conquerable defunctum Vulcanum. Vulcan. et and expers exempt nulla by 710 Quod What atque and flamma. flame. traxit he dreiD a from me me immune necis. est que and terra, accipiam free from, death, Que id, And that {part), caelestibus oris, having done with earthy I will receive in the heavenly regions, que confido meum factum fore laetabile cunctis act tamen meum and I trust that my dis. Si quis, the gods. If anyone, however, erit doliturus Hercule shall grieve that Hercules data. icill be pleasing forte by chance to all praemia SI if deo, becomes a deity sed sciet quis anyone nolet and will not wish that honors are given him, but he will know {that they) meruisse dari, que invitus, probabit/' deserve to be given, and though unwilling ^ icill approve.'* Dei assensere ; quoque regia conjunx The gods assented; also his royal spouse (Juno) visa est 260 tulisse cetera dicta Jove appeared to have borne the other words of Jupiter vultu • non duro, ultima tamen mth a look not hard {^ull^n)-, the last {loords) however HERCULES. 309 duro vultu, que Indoluisse se with a sullen look, and to have grieved (that) she notatam. Interea Mulciber abstulerat was marked. Meanwhile Malciher (Vulcan) had taken away quodcumque erat flammae popiilabile : iiec whatever was for the flame destructible: neither remansit cognoscenda effigies Herculis, nee did there remain a recognizable figure of Hercules, nor habet qiiicquam ductus ab imagine matris, has he anything drawn from the likeness of his mother que servat vestigia Jovis tantum. (Alcmena), and he retains traces of Jwpiter alone. Que ut serpens novus, senecta posita And as a serpent renewed^ his old age being dropped cum pelle, solet luxuriare que virere with his skin, is wont to swell up and to glisten recenti squama, sic, ubi Tirvnthius in his fresh skin, so, when the Tirynthian (Hercules) exuit raortales artus, viget meliore has thrown off his mortal limbs, he groics in the better parte sui, que coepit videri major 270 et portion of himself and begins to seem larger and fieri verendus augusta gravitate. Quem, raptum to become revered with majestic dignity. Him, taken up inter cava nubila, omnipotens pater among the hollow clouds, the all-powerful father quadrijugo curru intulit radiantibus astris. in a four -horse chariot conveyed to the radiant stars. ^ 310 METAMORPHOSES — X. BOOK X. Inde, velatus croceo From thence (a previous wedding) covered with an orange- amictu, Hymenaeus digreditur colored robe, Hymenaeus immensum the measureless moves off through tendit ad aims for Ciconum, et neqiiiquara vocatnr Orphea of the Cicones, and in vain is invited by Orpheus' s voce. Ille adfuit quidem, sed attulit voice. He (Hymenaeus) was there indeed, sollemnia verba, the customary words (greeting), per aera, air, et and que and neqiiiquara in vain but nec neither .nec nor oras the shores he brought laetos joyous vultus, looks, tenuit, he held, que and nec felix omen. nor a happy omen. fuit usque stridula was constantly hissing invenit nullos ignes gained no fires quam which fumo, smoke. gravior was heavier Fax quoque, The torch also, lacrimoso witli tear-causing motibus. Exitus by waving. The issue nam dum for while comitata turba accompanied by a throng nova nupta the new bride auspicio ; than the foreboding; vagatur per herbas, roves through the grass^ Naiadum, 10 dente serpentis recepta in of Naiads, from the fang of a serpent received in talum, occidit. Quam postquam Rliodopeins vates her heely she died. Her after the Rhodopeian bard deflevit satis ad auras superas, ne non bewailed enough to the airs above, lest he might not ORPHEUS. 311 temptaret et umbras^ aiisus est descendere ad Styga assail also the sJiades, lie dared to descend to the Styx Taenaria porta : que per leves hy the Taenarian gate: and {passing) among the light popiilos que simulacra functa sepulcris, phantoms and the images that had enjoyed their graves, adiit Persephonen, que dominum tenentem Persephone, and (Pluto) tlie master possessing umbrarum ; of the shades; ad regna realms he came to iuaraoena the dreary pulsis beaten {in tune) numina mundi deities of the world quern decidimus^ which we all descend. que and nervis with harp-strings carrniua, sic ait: ^O to his words, thus he sings: ' positi sub terra, in lyi7ig heneath the earthy into creamur mortale : we are created mortal quicquid whatever and falsi of a lying non ut not that oris mouth si licet, if it is lawful, ambagibus the truth, the icily shifts positis, 20 descendi hue being put aside, I came down hither (we all return, whoever are born to die) : et sinitis loqui, vera you suffer {me) to speak viderem I might see viucirem terua I might bind the three villosa colubris. shaggy with adders. opaca the shadowy Tartara, iiec nor uti that Tartarus, guttura Medusaei moustri throats of the Medusaean monster Causa viae coujunx, The cause of my journey is my loife, in quam vipera calcata diffudit veuenum, que into whom a mper trodden on spread poison^ and abstulit crescentes annos. Volui posse took away her growing years. 1 wished to be able pati, nee negabo me temptasse. Amor to bear it, nor tciUIdeny that I tried. {But) Love vicit. Hie deus est bene notus in supera conquered. This god is well known in the upper 312 METAMORPHOSES — X. ora, an sit liic et, dubito ; sed tamen region, whether he he {so) here too, I doubt; hut yet auguror esse hie et, que si fama I conjecture {that he) is {so) here too, and if the report veteris rapinae est non mentita, Amor junxit of your former abduction is not feigned. Love united vos qiioque. Per haec loca plena timoris, 30 per you also. By these places full of fear, by hoc ingens Chaos^ que silentia vasti this mighty Chaos, and by the stillness of this desolate regni, oro retexite properata fila realm, I pray {you), renew the hastened threads of the life Eurydices. Omnia debemur vobis, que, morati of JEurydice. We all belong to you, and, having tarried paulum properamus serins ant citius ad unam sedem. a little, we hasten later or sooner to one home. Hue tendimus omnes, liaec est ultima domus, que Hither march we all, this is our last home, and vos tenet is longissima regna hnmani you hold the most lasting mastery of the human generis. Haec quoque, cum matura race. This {woman) too, when indue season she shall have peregerit jnstos annos, erit vestri completed her just years, will he {the subject) of your juris. Poscimns usum pro munere. Quod, law. I ask her possession as a boon. Wliereas, si fata negant veniam pro conjuge, if the fates deny {me this) pardon for {my) wife, mihi est certum nolle redire. (then) for me it is a settled {thing) not to wish to go hack Gaudete leto duorum ! '^ (I will not revisit earth). Rejoice ye in the death of the two ! " 40 Exsangues animae flebant dicentera The bloodless spirits wept for {him while) speaking talia, que moventem nervos such words (singing thus), and stirring the harp-strings ORPHEUS. 313 ad verba; nee Tantalus captavit refugara to his words; nor did Tantalus catch at the retreating undam, que Ixionis orbis stupuit ; water, and Ixion's wheel stood still (in amazement); nee volucres carpsere jecur, que nor did the birds pluck the liver {of Tityos), and Belides vacarunt urnis, que the daughters of Belus were idle with their water pots, and sedisti in saxo, Sisyphe. Fama est you sat quiet on your rock, Sisyphus. Report is {that) turn primum genas Eumenidum, then for the first time the cheeks of the Eumenides (Furies), victarura carmine, maduisse lacrimis ; nee sustinet subdued by the lay, grew wet with tears; nor bears regia conjunx^ nee qui regit ima, {Q.2in) the king' s wife, nor he who sicays the lowest places negare oranti ; que vocant (the world below), to refuse Mm praying; and they summon Eurydicen. Ilia erat inter recentes umbras, Eurydice. She was among the neicly -arrived shades, et ineessit passu tardo de vulnere. and she walked on with step slow from her wound. 50 Rhodopeius heros aceipit banc, et The Rhodopeian (Thracian) hero receives her, and simul banc legem ne flectat retro at the same time this condition that he turn not back lumina donee exierit Avernas valles; aut his eyes until he has left the Avernian vales; or dona futura irrita. Trames acclivis, {else) the boon would be of no avail. A path ascending, arduus, obscurus, densus opaca caligine, steep, gloomy, and close (filled) with thick darkness, carpitur per muta silentia. Nee is mounted {by them) in speechless silence. Nor {and not) procul abfuerant margine siimmae terrae far were they from the margin of tfce upper earth 314 METAMOEPHOSES — X. hie amans, (of earth's surface) {wlun) lie, the loving (husband), metuens ne deficeret^ que avidus fearing lest she should escape {him), and desirous videndi, flexit oculos ; protiiius ilia of seeing her, turned hack his eyes; and straightway she relapsa est, que infelix intendens fell back, and the hapless {woman) stretching out bracchia, que eaptans prendi et prendere her arms, and strixing to be caught {by) and to catch arripit nil nisi cedentes auras. 60 Que {him) grasps nothing except the yielding air. And jam iterurn moriens, questa est non quicquam de she now again dying, complained not anything of suo conjuge : enim quid quereretur nisi her husband: for what could she complain of except se amatani? Que dixit {that) she was loved {by him)? And she spoke supremum vale, quod ille jam vix the last farewell, ichich he now scarce acciperat auribus : que revoluta est could receive in his ears (could hear); and she was hurried rursus eodem. Orpheus stupuit hack again to the sa7ne place (H^des). Orpheus teas amazed gemina nece conjugis, non aliter quani by the second death of his spouse, not otherwise than qui timidus vidit tria colla canis, {the man) who alarmed beheld the three necks of the dog medio portante catenas; quern (Cerberus), the middle {neck) bearing chains; whom pavor non reliquit antequam prior natura, {WiQm^n) terror did not forsake before his former nature saxo oborto per corpus ; que {did), a stone having gathered over his body; and Olenos, qui t rax it in se crimen que Olenus^ who took on himself {Lethaea's) crime and HYACINTH. 315 voluit videri esse nocens, que tu, O wished to appear to he the guilty one, and like you, infelix Lethaea, confisa tuaefigurae; 70 quondam hapless Lethaea, who trusted to your beauty ; {you two) once junctissima corpora, nunc lapides, quos humida united bodies^ now only stones, which moist Ide sustinet. Portitor (spring-abounding) Ida bears. The ferryman (Charon) arcuerat orantem que frustra volentem debarred {him, while) praying and vainly wishing transire iterum. Septem diebus, tamen, to go across {the Styx) again. Seven days^ however, sedit ripa squalidus sine munere Cereris. he sat on the bank in sorry guise without the gift of Geres Cura que dolor animi que lacrimae (bread). Anxiety and grief of mind and tears fuere alimenta. Quest us deos were his nourishment. Then^ complaining {that) the gods Erebi esse crudeles, recipit se in altam of Erebus are pitiless, he takes back himself to the lofty Rhodopen, que Haemon pulsum aquilonibus. Bhodope, and Haenuts beaten by the north-winds. 162 Phoebus posuisset te quoque in aethere, Phoebus would have placed you also in the sky, Amyclide, si tristia fata offspring of Amycla (Hyacintlius), if the sad fate dedissent spatium ponendi. Qua had given time for placing you there. As far as licet, tamen, est aeternus : que quotiens it is permitted, however, you are immortal: and as often as ver repellit hiemem que Aries succedit spring drives back pointer and {the sign) Aries succeeds aquoso Piscis, totiens tu oreris, que flores to rainy Piscis, so often you rise, and yourflowers {rise) in viridi cespite. on the green turf. 3 1 6 METAMORPHOSES — X. Que jam Titan erat fere medius And now Titan (the Sun) was about midway venientis et actae noctis, que between the coming and the banished nighty and distabat utrimque pari spatio : levant stood apart from both sides by an equal space; they lighten corpora veste, et splendescunt succo their bodies from raiment, and become shining with the juice pinguis olivi^ que ineunt certamina lati of the fat olive, and go into contests with the broad disci. Quern, prius libratum^ Phoebus misit in quoit. The quoit, first poised, Phoebus launched into aerias auras et pondere disjecit nubes the airy winds and with its weight parted the clouds oppositas. 180 Longo tempore post, pondus placed against it. A long time after, the weight reccidit in solidani terram, et exhibuit artem fell back upon the firm earth, and showed skill juuctam cum viribus. Protinus Taenarides, united with force. Immediately the one born at Taenarus imprudens. que actus cupidine (Hyacintlms), thoughtless, and urged by eagerness lusus, properabat tollere orbem. At dura for the sport, madehaste to raise the quoit. But the hard tellus subjecit ilium, repercussum in aera, in earth sent it back, rebounding into the air, to tuos vultus, Hyacinthe. Deus ipse expalluit, your face, Hyacinthus. Tliegod himself turned pale^ aeque ac puer, que excipit collapses artus, as well as the boy, and he takes up your falling limbs, et modo refovet te, modo siccat tristia vulnera ; and noiD revives you, now wipes dry your woful icounds; nunc sustinet fugientem animam herbis admotis. 71010 keeps up your ebbing life with herbs applied to Artes prosunt nil ; vulnus erat {you). His art avails him nothing; the wound was HYACINTH. »317 immedicabile. 190 Ut, si qiiis infringat violas, incurable. As, if anyone breaks off violetSj ve papaver in riguo horto, que lilia haerentia or poppies in a watered garden, and lilies clinging fulvis virgis, ilia marcida demittant subito to the yellow stems, these drooping hang down suddenly gravatum caput, nee sustineant se que theburdened head, nor can they support themselves and spectent terram cacumine, jacet moriens must look on the earth with their heads, so lies his dying vultus, et cervix, defecta vigore, est ipsa face, and the neck forsaken by its strength, is itself oneri sibi, que recumbit humero. a burden to itself and droops on the shoulder. Ait Phoebus : " Oebalide, ( Then) said Phoebus: *' offspring of Oebalus (Hyacintlius), tu laberis fraudate prima juventi, que you fall cheated out of your first youth, and video tuum vulnus, mea crimina. Tu es dolor I behold your wound, my fault. You are {my) grief que meum facinus. Mea dextera and my great transgression. My right {hand) est inscribenda tuo leto. Ego sum auctor is to be charged for your death. I am the cause tibifuneris. 200 Tamen quae mea culpa? of your decease. Yet what {is) my crime? Nisi si lusisse potest vocari culpa, nisi Except if to have sported can be called a crime, unless et amasse potest vocari culpa. Atque utinam also to have loved can be called a crime. And that liceret reddere animam pro te ve tecum ! I might give up my life for you or with you! Sed quoniam tenemur lege fatali, eris But since we are held fast by the law of fate, you shall be semper mecum, que haerebis in memori always with me, and shall remain on my mindful 21 31 8 METAMORPHOSES — X. ore. Lyra piilsa manu te, lips. The harp smitten hy the hand {shall sound of) you, nostra carmina sonabunt te, que novus flos our lays shall sound of you, and (as) a new flower imitabere nostros getnitus scripto. you shall represent my laments by an inscription, Et illud tempus erit, quo fortissiraus Also that time shall he, in which a most valiant heros addat se in hunc florem, que legatur hero must put himself into this flower, and he read eodem folio.'^ Sed duni talia memorantur on the same leaf." But while such {things) are said vero ore Apollinis, 210 ecce, cruor qui, hy the truthful mouth of Apollo ^ lo, the gore which, fusus humi, signaverat herbas. desinit esse shed on the ground, had stained the grass, ceases to he cruor, que oritur flos nitentior Tyrio gore, and there rises a flower more glittering than Tyrian ostro, que capit formam quani lilia, si purple, and takes the form which lilies {take), if esset non purpureus color huic, there were not a purple hue in this (the hyacinth), argenteus in ilHs. Hoc est non satis a silvery {hue) in those (the lilies).. This is not enough Phoebo, — enim ille fuit auctor honoris, — for Phoebus,— for he was author of the honor, — ipse inscribit foliis suos gemitus, et he himself writes on the leaves his own lament, and flos habet "AI AI/' inscriptum, que the flower has "AT, AT,'* written on {it), and {that) funesta littera ducta est. Nee pudet ominous writing was traced {thereon). Nor does it shame Sparten genuisse Hyacinthon, que honor Sparta to have produced Hyacinth, and his homage dura in hoc aevi, que Hyacinthia lasts to this {point) of time, and the Hyacinthian HYACINTH. 319 redeunt annua celebranda more (holidays) come yearly to be solemnized in the manner priorum pompa praelata. of the ancients with pageantry preceding. 320 METAMORPHOSES — XI. I BOOK XL Nee est hoc satis Baccho : Nor is this (the murder of Orpheus) enough for Bacchus: deserit quoque ipsos agros, que cum he forsakes also the very fields {of Thrace), and with meliore choro petit vineta sui Timoli a superior train seeks the vineyards of his own Timolus que (Tmolus) and Pactolon ; Pactolus; aureus, golden. nec nor erat non it teas not Hunc assueta Him (Bacchus) tJie wonted Bacchae, frequentant. constantly visit. Bacchants, Phryges The Phrygian quaravis illo although at that invidiosus caris coveted for precious Satyri the Satyrs Silenus Silenus is absent. titubantem cohors, retinue J 90 At But tempore time arenis. sands. que aiid abest. ruricoiae cepere country people caught {him) que both annis with years que and coronis tcith {his oicn) garlands mero, with wine, ad to que and Thracius Orpheus cum Cecropia Thracian Orplieus with ~ tradiderat had given over (imparted) simul agnovit staggering duxere vinctum led {him) bound Midan, cui Midas, to ichom Eumolpo Cecropian (Athenian) Eumoljms Qui He (the king) regem king orgies. the orgies. as soon as he recognized socium {7iis) partner que and sacrorum, egit of the sacred rites, made comitem companion festum genial iter adventu a feast merrily on the arrival MIDAS. 321 hospltis per bis quinque dies et of Ms guest through twice five days and {as many') noctes juDctas ordine. Et jam nights joined in order (successive nights). And now luidecimus Lucifer coeo-erat sublime a^-men the eleventh Lucifer had closed the lofty line stellarum, cum laetus rex venit in Lydos of stars, when the joyous king comes into the Lydian agros, et reddit Silenum juveni alumno. grounds, and gives back Silenus to his young pupil. 100 Huic deus, gaudens To him (the king) the god, rejoicing that his altore recepto, fecit gratum sed foster father was recovered, gave the pleasant hut inutile arbitrium muneris optandi. useless choice of a gift to he wished (of wishing a gift). Ille, usurus male donis, ait, " Effice He, ahout to use ill the gift^ saySy '' Cause (that) quicquid contigero corpore vertatur in whatever I shall touch with my hody he turned into fulvum aurum/^ Liber annuit yellow gold.'' i/^66r (Bacchus) nodded to (digrQQd. to) optatis, que solvit munera the (thing) wished, and paid him the gift nocitura, et indoluit quod non which would he to his ruin, and grieved that he had not petisset meliora. Berecynthius heros asked ahetter (one). The B ere cynthiaii (Fhrygmn) hero abit laetus, que gaudet malo : que goes off joyous, and delights in his hane: and tangendo singula temptat fidem polliciti. by touching things one hy one tests the truth of the promise. Que vix credens sibi, detraxit non alta And he, scarce believing (it) himself pulled from a low ilice virgam virentem fronde: virga facta est oak a hough flourishing (gxe(i\i) in leaf : the hough became 322 METAMORPHOSES — XI. aurea. 110 Tollit humo saxum : saxum golden. He raises from the ground a stone: the stone quoque palluit auro. Contigit et glaebam : too grew pale with gold. He touched also a clod: glaeba fit massa potenti contactu. the clod becomes alump of metal by the powerful touch. Decerpsit areiites aristas Cereris : messis He plucked off dry ears of Ceres (corn) : t?ie crop erat aurea. Tenet pomum demptum arbore : was golden. He holds an apple taken from a tree: putes Hespericles donasse. you would suppose the daughters of Hesperus had given (it to Si admovit digitos altis postibus, 7iim). If he applied Jiis fingers to the lofty door -posts, postes videntiir radiare. Etiam cum laverat the door-posts appear to beam. Also when he had washed palraas liquidis undis, unda fluens palmis his hands in liquid water, the icater flowing from Jiis hands posset eludere Danaen. Ipse, fingens omnia might deceive Danae. He himself, imagining all aurea, vix capit spes animo. (things) golden, scarce contains his hopes in his mind. Ministri posuere raensas 120 exstructas dapibus, The attendants set the table piled up with dainties, nec egentes tostae fruges, gaudenti. Turn nor wanting parched grain, for (him) rejoicing. Then vero, sive ille contigerat sua dextra in truth, whether he touched with his right (hand) raunera Cerealia, dona Cerealia the bounties of Ceres (bread), the gifts of Ceres rigebant ; sive parabat convellere dapes kept stiffening; or if he was preparing to devour the food avido dente, dente admoto, fulva with greedy tooth, when the tooth touched it, a yellow lammina premebat daj^es. Miscuerat auctorem plate (of gold) covered the food. He mingled the author MIDAS. 323 muneris of the gift (Bacchus, wine) fiisile aurum fluitare per rictus. melted gold trickle through his mouth. novitate mali, que by the strangeness of the affliction^ and eifugere to escape puris undis ; videres with pure water; you might see Attoiiitus Thunder-struck dives rich que and miser, wretched {at once), optat he wished opes, his riches, et and quae which odit hates {the things) copia relevat famem. plenty eases his hunger, 130 et meritus, modo voverat. Nulla lately he had prayed for. No Arida sitis urit guttur, Dry thirst hums his throat, torquetur ab and having deserved it, he is tortured by auro. Que inquit, tollens ad caelum maiius et gold. And he says, raising to heaven his hands and splendida bracchia, ^^Da veniam, Lenaee arms, ** Grant pardon^ Lenaean sed but Mite The gracious Bacchus, restituit Bacchus, reinstated him que solvit pactam and he annulled his pledged shining Peccav I have sinned; Peccavimus ; sea miserere, eripe rescue me peccasse, his sin. numen deity fatentem confessing fideni, data faith, the granted circumlitus auro overlaid with gold '' ad amnem *' to the river pity me, specioso damno.'' from this specious mischief.'' deum, of the gods, inviso the loathed pater. father. que and munera. boon. male ill he annulled '' Neve ^^And lest optato, chosen. ait, said he. vicinum near to mighty maneas you stay vade," gor Sardibus, Sardis, que obvius labentibus undls, carpe viam per and opposite to the gliding waves, take your way along donee venias ad ortus until you come jugum ripae the ridge of the bank to the fountain 324 METAMORPHOSES — XI. flurninis, 140 que sabde tuum caput spumifero of the stream, and 'put your head under the bubbling fonti^ qua exit plurimus, que elue spring, where it goes out fullest, and wash off simul corpus, simul crimen.'^ at the same time your body, {and) at the same time your guilt.'" Rex succedit aquae jussae. Aurea The king plunged into the water as appointed. The golden vis tinxit flumen, et cessit de humano abundance dyed the stream, and passed from the human corpore in amnem. Nunc quoque jam body into the river. Now even at this very time arva pallentia auro madidis glaebis, the fields brightening with gold in their moist clods, rigent percepto semine veteris venae. are stiff from the received seed of the ancient vein {of gold). Ille, perosus opes, colebat He (Midas), thoroughly hating riches, delighted {only) silvas et rura, que Pana habitantem in the icoods and the country, and Fan dwelling seraper in montanis antris. Sed ingenium mansit always in mountain caves. But {his) wit remained pingue ; que praecordia stolidae dull; and theparts near tJie Jieart {thoughts) of his foolish mentis erant rursum, ut ante, nocitura mind were again, as before, going to do harm domino. 150 JSTunc Tmolus, prospiciens to their owner. For {Mount) Tmolus, looking forth late freta, ^ig^^? arduus alto far and wide on the seas, stands erect, steep in {its) lofty ascensu, que extensus utroque clivo, ascent, and being outstretched each way with a slope, finitur hinc Sardibus, illinc parvis is bounded on this side by Sardis, on that side by small Hypaepis. Dum Pan ibi jactat sua carmina Hypaepa. WJiile Pan there throws out his verses MIDAS. 325 teneris Nymphis, et modulatur leve to the tender (young) Nymphs, and measures a light carmen cerata harundine, ausus lay on his wax -joined reed (pipe), he daring contemnere cantus Apollineos prae to slight the songs of Apollo compared with se, venit ad impar certamen sub Tmolo himself y came to an unequal strife under Tmolus judice. Senior judex consedit suo monte, {as) judge. The old judge sat doicn on his mountain, et liberat auras arboribus ; caerula coma and frees (his) ears from trees; his dark hair cingitur tantum quercu, et glandes pendent is loreathed only with oak, and acorns hang circum cava tempora. 160 Que is spectans around (his) hollow temples. And he, looking at deum pecoris dixit, "In judice est nulla the god of the sheep, said, ''In the judge is no mora/^ Die insonant agrestibus calamis : que delay.'' He (Pan) plays on the rustic pipe: and barbarico carmine delenit Midan — with a barbaric (foreign) song soothes down Midas — nam forte aderat canenti. Post hunc for he by chance was present as he sang. After him sacer Tmolus retorsit ora ad os Phoebi ; divine Tmolus turned his face to the face of Phoebus sua silva secuta est vultum. Ille, (Apollo); his forest followed his look. He (Apollo), flavus caput vinctus Parnaside lauro, verrit 7iis auburn head bound icith Parnassian laurel, swept humum palla saturata Tyrio murice : que the ground icith a cloak dyed with Tyrian purple: and a laeva sustinet lyram distinctam with his left (hand) he holds up the lyre studded gemmis et dentibus ludis : altera mauus with gems and teeth of India {iwory.) the other hand 326 METAMORPHOSES — XI. tenuit plectrum. held the pick. artificis. Turn of an artist. Then stamina, the strings, ipse itself (touches) captus, having been captivated^ cannas citharae. the pipe to the harp. sancti mentis of the sacred mountain Status His posture doc to poll ice with skilful thumb dulcedine by the sweetness fuit was (that) 170 sollicitat he puts in motion quorum Tmolus of which Tmolus Pana submittere Pan to yield Judicium que sententia {This) judgment and decision placet omnibus : tamen pleases all {hearers): yet jubet he commands {the judgment) sermone Midae arguitur is blamed atque and vocatur is called injusta unrighteous unius. Nee Deli us by the speech of Midas alone. Nor does tli^ Delian {Apollo) patitur stolidas aures retinere humanam figuram : sed suffer his stupid ears to keep a human shape: but trahit in spatium, que implet extends {them) in space (lengthwise), and fills {them) albentibus villis, que facit illas instabiles, et with white hairs, and makes them unsteady, and dat posse moveri. grants {them) to be able to be moved (makes them movable). Cetera sunt hominis; damnatur The other {members) are {those) of a man; he is,condemned partem, que induitur aures part, and is clothed in {puts on) the ears gradientis aselli. stejjjnng ass. cupit celare desires to conceal {his misfortune), velare purpureis tiaris to cover with purple turbans in unam in one lente of a slowly- 180 Ille He quidem indeed que temptat and strives onerata laden turpi with this shameful pudore : disgrace: sed but tempora his temples famulus a domestic CEYX. 327 solitus resecare longos capillos ferro accustomed to clip his long hair with iron (^shears) viderat hoc. Cum qui cupiens efferre had seen this {thing). When he, longing to reveal (it) sub auras^ nee auderet prodere under the air (in public), did not dare disclose dedeeus visum, nee tamen posset the disgrace seen (by him), nor yet could reticere, secedit, que effodit humum, say nothing of it, he goes aside, and digs the ground, et parva voce refert quales aures and in a low voice relates {to it) what sort of ears domini adspexerit, que immurmurat terrae of his master he has seen, and whispers it to the earth haustae; que obruit indicium voce tellure cast up; and buries the information of his voice with earth regesta, et tacitus discedit opertis heaped hack, and silent goes apart from the covered scrobibus. Lucus creber tremulis harundinibus ditch. A grove thick set with quivering reeds coepit surgere ibi, et, ut primum maturuit began to rise up there, and, as first it ripened pleno anno, prodidit agricolam : nam with full age, it betrayed the field -tiller: for ^Y (the reed- motus leni Austro refert grove) being stirred by a gentle South wind reports obruta verba, que coarguit aures the buried words, and proves the charge on the ears domini. of his owner. 410 Interea Ceyx turbatus anxia Meanwhile Ceyx being troubled in his apprehensive pectora que prodigiis sui fratris heart both by the miraculous fortunes of his brother que secutis fratrem, parat ire and by those which succeeded his brother, makes ready to go 328 METAMORPHOSES — X ad deura Clarium, ut consulat sacras to the god of Claros {Aj^oWo), that he may consult theholy sortes, oblectamina hominum : nam profanus Phorbas oracle, the solace of men: for ungodly Phorhas cum Phlegyis faciebat templa Delphica with the Phlegyae made the temple at Delphi invia. pathless (unapproachable). 474 Exierant portibus, et aura moverat They had gone out of the harbor , and thehreeze had stirred rudentes ; navita obvertit lateri pendentes the ropes; the sailor turns to the {ship' s) side the hanging ramos, que locat cornua in oars (lays them level), and plants the yard-arms on sum ma arbore, que deducit tota the highest mast-top, and draws down (unfurls) all carbasa malo, que accipit venientes auras. the canvas from the mast, and catches the coming breezes, Aut minus aut certe non amplius medium Either less or certainly not more (than) mid aequor secabatur puppe, que utraque tellus erat sea was being cut by the ship, and each sJiore was longe, 480 cum mare sub noctem coepit albescere far off, when the sea near night began to whiten tumidis fluctibus, et praeceps Eur us with swollen waves, and the rushing East wind (began) spirare valentius. "Demittite ardua cornua to breathe more strongly. ''Letdown the high yard-arms jamdudum^ et subnectite totum velum antemnis/^ right away, and furl all sail on the sail-yards,'* clamat rector. Hie jubet; adversae procellae cries the pilot. He orders: opposing gusts impediunt jussa, nee fragor aequoris sinit hinder his orders, nor does the roar of the sea allow ullam vocem audiri. Tamen sponte alii any voice to be heard. Yet by their oion choice some CEYX. 329 properant subducere remos, pars munire hasten to haul in the oars, a part (hasten) to secure latus, pars negare vela ventis. (the ship's) side, apart withdraw the sails from the winds. Hie egerit fluctiis, que refundit aequor This (man) bails out the waives, and pours hack the sea in aeqnor, hie rapit antemnas. Dum into the sea, this (one) tears down the sail-yards. Wliile quae geruntur sine lege, 490 aspera these things are being done without order, the rough hiems crescit, que feroces venti gerunt bella ex storm increases, and fierce winds wage war from omni parte, que misceut iudignantia freta. Rector every quarter, and embroil the wrathful seas. The pilot ratis ipse pa vet, ipse fatetur of the vessel himself is frightened, and himself admits se nee scire qui sit status, that he does not know what may be the state (of things), nee quid ve jubeat ve vetet: moles nor what he either must order or forbid: the mass mali est tanta que tanto potentior arte. of danger is so great and so much mightier (than) skill, Quippe viri sonant clamore, rudentes stridore, For the men make noise by outcry, the ropes by creaking, gravis uuda incursu undarum, aether the heavy wave by the dashing of (other) leaves, the sky tonitribus. Pontus erigitur fluctibus, que by thunder peals. The deep is uplifted by the billows, and videtur aequare caelum, et taugere seems to equal heaven (in height), and to touch inductas nubes adspergine. Et modo cum the overspreading clouds with spray. And now when verrit fulvas arenas ex imo it has turned up the yellow sands from the lowest (part) 500 est concolor illis, modo nigrior it is of like hue with them, now blacker (than) 330 METAMORPHOSES — XI. Stygia unda; interdum sternitur, que albet the Stygian wave; at times it is level, and is white sonantibus spumis. Quoque Trachinia piippis with resounding foam. Also the Trachinian ship ipsa agitur his vicibus : et nunc videtur itself is driven on by these changes: and now is seen sublimis, veluti de vertice moutis, despicere alofty as if from the top of a mountain, to look down in valles que imum Acheronta: nunc into the vales and nethermost Acheron: now suspicere summum caelum de inferno gurgite, to look up to highest heaven from the infernal gulf ubi curvum aequor circumstetit demissam. lohen an arched wave has enclosed it let down. Saepe, icta latus fluctu, dat It often, being stuck on the side by a wave, gives ingentem fragorem, nee sonat levins, pulsata, a mighty crash, nor resounds lighter, being smitten, quam cum olim ferreus aries ve ballista than when sometimes an iron battering-ram or ballista concutit laceras arces. 510 Que ut feri leones, shakes the shattered towers, And as wild lions, viribus sumptis incursu, solent ire when strength is gained by the onset^ are wont to go pectore in arma que tela praetenta, with the breast against arms and missiles held before sic, ubi unda commiserat se (them), so, when the wave had set itself on (had coortis ventis, ibat been spurred) by the rising winds, it kept moving upon arma ratis, que erat multo altior the tackling of the crafty and was much loftier {than) illis. Que jam cunei labant, que rima, that. And now the bolts give way^ and a crevice, spoliata tegmine cerae, patet, que praebet being despoiled of the covering of wax, opens, and offers CEYX. 331 undis. waves. viam letalibus a passage for the deadly cadunt resol Litis nubibus, fall from the loosened clouds, totum caelum descendere all heaven was plunging tumefactum pontum scandere the swollen main Vela madent The sails are wet miscentur Ecce, Behold, que and in into aquae waters largi imbres huge rain-showers credas you would believe fretum, the sea^ in plagas caeli, was climbing to the tracts of heaven, nimbis, with the rain, undis caelestibus. 520 Aether The sky et and que and aequoreae the sea que and caeca blind are mingled with water from heaven. caret ignibus, is without (its) fires (stars), premitur que tenebris hierais is overwhelmed both by the darkness of the tempest suis. Tamen fulmina discutiunt has, by its own. Yet the lightnings scatter this (darkness), praebent hinien ; undae ardescunt light; nox night que and que and micantia flashing fulmineis by the lightning dat saltus intra lea])s within ut miles, as a soldier. furnish ignibus. fires. cava the hollow praestantior more excellent Jam Now texta texture the waves quoque also blaze fluctus the billow carmae : of the keel (ship). et and cum when saepe often tandem at last comrades), defensae urbis, of a defended city, accensus amore being inflamed by the love mille viros, tamen unus a thousand men, still alone sic ubi celsi fluctus 80 when the mighty billows omni numero, (than) all the number (of his adsiluit moenibus he has leaped upon the works potitur is master spe, of his hope. que and laudis, inter of praise, (though) among occupat murum ; takes possession of the wall; pulsarunt ardua have battered the (ship's) steep 332 METAMORPHOSES — XI. latera, 530 insurgens impetus decimae undae ruit sides, the gathering onset of the tenth wave rushes vastiug: nee absistit oppugnare fessam more wildly (on) nor ceases to fight against the wearied carinam, prius quam descendat velut in moenia hulk, before it falls as it were upon the walls captae navis. Pars maris, igitur, of the captured (injured) vessel. Fart of the sea, then, temptabat adhuc invadere pinum ; pars was striving hitherto to get into the pine (ship); part erat intus. Omnes trepidant baud secius was (already) within. They all tremble not less quam urbs solet trepidare, aliis than a city trembles, when some (of its besiegers) fodientibus murum extra, atque aliis tenentibus are undermining the wall without, and others possessing intus. Ars deficit, que animi (it) within, (Their) skill fails them, and their spirits cadunt : que totidem fluctus veniunt, totidem fall : and as many waves as come, just so many (shapes mortes videntur ruere atque irrumpere. Hie of) death seem to rush on and to break in. This (one) tenet non lacrimas; hie stupet; ille restrains not his tears; this (one) is horrified; that (one) voeat beatos 540 quos funera maneant; calls (those men) blessed whom death may await; hie adorat numen votis, que tollens irrita this (one) prays to a deity with vows, and raising helpless bracchia ad arms to caelum, the sky. quod which videt he sees non, not, poscit asks opem : illi que aid: to that (one) both fratres brotJiers que and parens parent subeunt rise huic domus cum pio;noribus. (in memory) ; to this (one) home (rises) with his pledges et (of love), and cuique to each one (that thing rises) quod which CEYX. 333 relictum est. Alcyone movet Ceyca ; nulla has been left behind, Alcyone disturbs Ceyx; no nisi Alcyone est in ore Ceycis : {woman) but Alcyone is on the lips of Ceyx: et cum desideret unam^ tamen gaudet and while he longs for {her) alone, yet he rejoices {that she) abesse. Vellet quoque respicere ad isalways from {him). He would like also to look back at oras patriae, que vertere ultimos the shores of {his) father-land, and to turn {his) last vultus in doraum : verum nescit ubi sit : looks towards home: but he knows not where it may be: pontus fervet tanta vertigine, et omne the deep boils with so great a whirling, and all caelum latet umbra inducta e the sky lies hidden in the shade brought upon {it) from piceis nubibus, 550 que imago noctis est the pitch-black clouds, and the picture of night is dupHcata. Arbor frangitur doubled (made twice darker). The mast is broken incursu nimbosi turbinis; regimen by the onset of the stormy wind; the rudder et frangitur : que superstes unda, animosa also is broken: and a towering wave, proud spoliis, que sinuata despicit in {its) booty, and curved {over) looks doicn on undas, velut victrix. Praecipitata, the {other) waves J as if {itself) a conqueror. Falling headlong y cadit nee levins quam si quis everteret it falls not more lightly than if anyone should overthrow Athon ve Pindura, revulsos e sua sede, totos Athos or Pindus, torencJied from its base, bodily in apertum aequor, que mergit upon the outspread plain, and {it) (the wave) sinks ratem in ima pariter pondere et the vessel to the bottom equally by its weight and 22 334 METAMORPHOSES — XI. ictu. Cum qua magna pars virorum, hy the shock. Together with this, a large part of the men, pressa gravi gur.gite^ neque reddita in being sunk in the mighty flood, and not restored to aera^ functa est suo fato : alii tenent partes air, finished their fate: other {men) cling to the parts et trunca membra carinae. 560 Ceyx ipse and mutilated pieces of the ship. Ceyx himself tenet fragmina navigii manu qua holds the fragments of the vessel in the hand {in) which solebat sceptra, que, heu ! frustra invocat he used {to hold) the sceptre y and, alas! in vain calls on socerum que patrem. Sed conjunx, {his) father-in-law and {on his) father. But {his) wife, Alcyone, est plurima in ore nantis. Que Alcyone, is most on his lips as he swims. He both meminit que refert illam ; optat ut fluctus remembers and calls her; he wishes that the billows agant sua corpora ante illius oculos, et may drive his body before her eyes, and exanimis tumuletur amicis manibus. {that) he, when lifeless, may be entombed by friendly hands. Dum natat, quotiens fluctus sinit While he keeps swimming, as often as the water suffers hiscere, nominat Alcyonen, que {him) to open his mouth, he names Alcyone, and inmurmurat ipsis undis. Ecce, super murmurs to the very waves {her name). Lo, above medios fluctus niger arcus aquarum frangitur the midst of the billows a black arch of waters breaks et obruit caput mersum rupta unda. and overwhelms {his) head sunk in its broken wave. 570 Ilia nocte Lucifer fuit obscurus, On that night {his father) Lucifer loas dim, nec posses cognoscere quem ; et quoniam non you could not perceive him; and since it was not THE CAVE OF SLEEP. 335 Hcuit excedere caelo, texit permitted {him) to go away from the sky, he covered {his) ora densis Dubibus. face with thick clouds. Interea Aeolis, ignara tantorum Meanwhile the daughter of Aeolus, ignorant of such great malorum, dinumerat noctes : et festinat jam disasters, counts the nights: and hastens now vestes qiias ille indiiat, jam quas the garments which he must put on, now {those) which ipsa gerat iibi ille venerit, que promittit she herself must wear when he shall come, and she promises sibi inari^s reditus. to herself {his) 'cain return (she vainly expects him). Ilia quidem ferebat pia tura omnibus She indeed kept carrying holy incense to all superis ; taraen ante cuiictos colebat the gods above; yet before all she kept attending templa Junonis, que veniebat ad aras the temple of Juno, and kept coming to her altar pro viro qui erat nullus, 580 que optabat for a husband who was noT^e (dead), and kept desiring ut suus conjunx foret sospes, que ut that her spouse might be scfe, and that rediret, que praeferret nullam he might come back, and {that) he might prefer no sibi. At de tot votis hoc {woman) to herself. But from so many wishes this {last solum poterat contingere illi. At dea wish) only could continue to her. But the goddess non ultra sustinet rogari pro no further bears to be entreated for {him) functo morte ; que ut arceat who had experienced death; and that she may keep aris man us funestas, dixit, from {her) altar hands made unclean by death, she said, 336 METAMORPHOSES — XI. " Iri, fidissima nuntia meae vocis, vise *' IriSy most faithful messenger of my words, go velociter soporiferam aulam Somni^ que jube swiftly to the drowsy court of Sleep, and hid (him that) imagine Ceycis exstincti mittat ad in the likeness of Ceyx, who is no more, he send to Alcvnonen somnia iiarrantia veros casus/^ Dixerat : Alcyone dreams relating the true events. ^^ She spoke: Iris induitur velamina mille colorum, 590 et Iris puts on robes of a thousand hues, and signans caelum arcuato curvamine, marking the sky with an arched bend (a rainbow), petit regis tecta jussi^ latentia sub she seeks the king's dwelling (as) ordered, lurking under nube. Prope Cimmerios est spelunca longo a cloud. Near the Cimmerians there is a grotto with a deep recessu, cavus mons, domus et penetralia retreat, a hollow mountain, the home and abode ignavi Somni^ quo oriens ve medius ve of slothful Somnus, whither rising or midway or cadens Phoebus numquam potest adire radiis. setting Phoebus never can approach with his beams. Nebulae mixtae caligine que crepuscula Mists mixed with darkness and twilight dubiae lucis exhalantur humo. with doubtful light are breathed forth from the ground. Ibi non vigil ales cristati oris evocat There not the watchful bird of crested head calls forth Auroram cantibus, nee ve solliciti canes ve the Dawn with his crowing, nor do either anxious dogs or anser sagacior canibus, rumpunt the goose, more quick of sense than dogs, break silentia voce. 600 Non fera, non the stillness with their voice. Not a wild (beast), not pecudes, non rami moti flamine, sheep, not boughs stirred by the blowing (of the wind), soMNus. 337 ve convicia humanae linguae, reddunt sonum. or the clamors of the human to?igue, give hack a sound. Mijta quies habitat. Tainen ab imo Dumb repose dwells {there). Yet from the lowest saxo rivus aquae Lethes rriest, himself also weeping que invitus, rupit praebita praecordia and tinioilling, pierced her proffered breast conjecto ferro. Ilia, labens super terram with his quickly- 4 jHv en steel. She, sinking on the earth defecto poplite, pertulit intrepidos vultus with iceakened knee, bore an undaunted countenance ad novissima fata. Tunc quoque fuit cura, to the very last fate. Then, too, it was a care (to her), cum caderet, velare partes when she should fall, to cover {those) parts {that ought) tegendas, 480 que servare decus casti to be concealed^ and to save the grace of her chaste pudoris. Troades excipiunt; que modesty. The Trojan women receive {the corpse); and recensent deploratos Priamidas, count the deplored (deceased) children of Priam, et quid cruoris una domus dederit; and how much blood one house had given up (shed); 394 METAMORPHOSES — XIII. que gemunt te, virgo, que te, o and they bewail you, virgin (Polyxena), and you, modo dicta regia conjunx, regia parens, lately called a royal consort (Hecuba), a royal parent, imago florentis Asiae, nunc etiam the resemblance of flourishing Asia, but now still mala sors praedae, quam victor the unfortunate part of plunder , which the conqueror Ulixes nollet esse suam, nisi quod tamen Ulysses would not wish to be his own, except that still edideras partu Hectora. Hector vix repperit you had brought forth Hector. Hector scarcely found dominum matri. Quae complexa corpus, a master for his mother. Who having embraced the body, inane tarn fortis animae, dat huic quoque deprived of so brave a soul, gives to her lacrimas, quas totiens dederat patriae tears, which she had so often given to her country que natis que viro ; 490 fundit lacrimas in and children and husband; pours her tears into vulnera, que tegit oscula the wounds {of her daughter), and coders the mouth ore, que plangit consueta with her mouth (kisses her), and beats her accustomed pectora, que, verrens suam canitiem (wont to be beaten) 5r6