LIBRARY OF CONGRESS DDDDli4flHb43 % HISTORY 'i HOCKING VALLEY, OHIO, TOGETHER WITH SKETCHES OF ITS CITIES, VILLAGES AND TOWNSHIPS, KDUCATIONAL, RELIGIOUS, CIVIL, MILITARY, AND POLITICAL HISTORY, PORTRAITS OF PROMINENT PERSONS, AND BH GRAPHIES OF REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS. CHICAGO: [NTER-STATE PUBLISHING CO. 1883. PREFACE. In presenting to the ctizens of the Lower Hocking Valley this History.it is with the full knowledge that there may be found within its pages errors, both of omission and commission. It would be strange, indeed, if in recording the many incidents which may have transpired since the Hocking Valley was transformed from the wilderness home of the Indian to the civilization of the white man, that mistakes have not been made and much left unrecorded; yet, notwithstanding this, we feel confident that, by careful research, much has been f< uud, not generally known, worthy of a place in the annals of a local history which, but for this compilation, would have forever remained buried in the dark oblivion of the forgotten past. To gather these daily incidents of the long ago has been a work of infinite care and attention to detail, and a dependence, in a great measure, upon the memory of early settlers now living, and to the imperfect records of historical events, which in many instances time has effaced, with facts but partially re- corded. Of the living pioneers, they have told us of their trials and troubles ot by-gone years with all that wonderful simplicity and aptness of illustration for which the "old pioneers'' and their first descendants were noted. Tis true that their memories at times have sadly faltered, and that they have forgotten much of value and incidents of a thrilling nature, yet enough has been given worthy of a place among the archives of the Lower Hocking Val- ley's progress to warrant their narration upon the pages of history. The county, township and city records and the flits of old newspapers have been carefully conned, and many facts and figures have been culled by midnight toil. Every available source of information has been explored, and every avenue of investigation exhausted, that only such incidents as were trustworthy might And a place within the pages of this work, making it not only a compendium o( acknowledged facts but a useful and valuable book of reference. Intelligent readers may judge of how this labor has been performed and make all due al- lowance for such errors in names and dates as may be found therein. Perfection in man is not of this world, therefore to say that this work approached that high degree of excellence would savor too much of vanity; but let us say that an hon- est endeavor has been made to make the History of the Lower Hocking VALLEY worthy, iu all respects, the careful perusal, if not approval, of the reader. ■ I ■ • ■ ■ ■ I M CONTENTS. HISTORY OF HOCK1XO VAI^EY CHAPTEK I. INTRODUCTORY, BUT STILL HISTORY. Indians and the White Man's Advent— 1 he Owners of the Territory— The Government Secured It -Ordinance of ITS"— The Dun- more War— Locating on Indian Lands— Dun- more's March up the Hocking Valley— 1 he Indian ^ame and Why 17-26 CHAPTER II. E akly Settlement and Material Progress . The Ohio Company— The Valley of Hocking — Washington County —Generals Wash- ington and Futnam — Organization— Pur- chase of Land— Athens and Hocking Coun- tj eB _ First Settlers— Adelpl.ia— Marietta- Indian War— Generals Harmer and St. Clair Defeated- Mad ALthony Victory— F.rst Set- tlers of College Lands, or Athens County- Making Salt— Pioneer Modes and Pioneer Progress 27-4b CHAPTER III. The Trials and Tribulations, Cabins and Comforts of Early Days. . Pioneer Life— The Log Cabin — Cooking— Dress— Family Worship-Hospitality-Trade and Barter— Hog Killing— Native Animals- Wolf Hunts— Education— Spelling and Sing- ing Schools— On Their Guard— The Bright Side— A Touch of Pioneer Life— How the Pioneers Advanced Civilization — Women Pioneers iJ ~ m CHAPTER IV. Scientific View of Hooking Valley, Pre- liminary Thoughts. Topography — Drainage or River System— Geology— Stratigraphies! Formation— Arch- ffi ology— Fauna— Flora— Meteorology— Sum- mary — Conclusion 85-127 CHAPTER V. Statistics of the Hocking Valley, besides Railroads and Canals, Senators and Rep- resentatives. , Lands and Valuation— County Buildings and Valuation— Miles of Railway— Area ofVal- li v— Population and Wheat Growing— Cities and Villages and Population— Boundary of the Mir era'. Field— Coal Production— Hock- ing Valley— State Senators of the Hocking Valley and Representatives .. 128-145 CHAPTER VI. Athens County History — From the Wil- derness to Advanced Civilization. Organic— Act of the Legislature— Organized Feti 20. 1805— Area— First Session of Court —First Jail and Court-House— Taxation and License— New Couit-House, 1818 — School Districts and School Moneys— 1840 to 1850— Rise and Progress, 1850 to I860— War and Peace— County Officials — Floods— Devasta- tion and Ruin by the Rushing Waters — Floods of 1847, 1858, and 1873— Destruction ol Thirteen Miles of the Hocking Canal — The Swelling Waters of 1875 146-165 CHAPTER VII. Military History — War of 1812, Mexican War, and the War Between the States. Early Patriotism— War with Mexico— The Rebellion— Firing on Fort Sumter— News- papers Firingthe Hear's of the People— Ath- ens County Meets All Demands— Camp Jew- ett— Mustering In— Camp Denison— Sanitary and Relief— Work— Morgan's Raid— Nelson- ville Captured— Ladies Once More to the Front— Grand Encampment— 'N ar Ended—- President Lincoln's Assassination— The Ath- ens Soldiers by TowLships-The Regiments • in which they served 166-178 CHAPTER VIIL Statistics of Athens County— Population, Agricultural, Political. Population bv Townships and by Decades— The Value of Real and Personal Property in 1870, 1880, 1881, and 1882— Assessed \ aluation in 1846, 1853, and 1859— Record of Marriages and Deaths— Pauperism— Land Sales— Mort- gages-Dog and Sheep Statistics— Railroad andTelegraph— Political— Preeidentianote, 1836 to 1880— Governor's Vote, 1836 to 1880 -Vote for Secretary of State— The County Vote by Townships 1.9-1* CHAPTER IX. Melange— A Series of Articles Worthy op Attention. Perusal — Educational— Normal Institute- statistical - Agricultural Society — Annual Fairs— Constitution and By-Laws— Pioneer Association— The Death Roll- Officers-Let- ter of General Thomas Ewing— Future Pros- pects— New Court-House-The Old Log Oourt-House of 1807 -The Ancient Brick Court- House of 1818-The Pride of Athens County, 1880- Its Cost-Jail-Chi dren a Home— Infirmary— Defalcation 197-324 CHAPTER X. Township and City of Athens Linked To- gether— One and Inseparable. Interwoven-Metes and Bounds-lH5, and 1851 to 1883— Items-First Post Route-Pro- gressing Slowly-Popnlation and Compan- ion of Growth-Township Officers, 1806 to 1883 — Trustees - Treasurers - <- lerks-d us- ticesof the Peace —' »« ■ ■ ' i I . ,1 CONTENTS. Bounds— Some of the Early Settlers— Min- eral Deposits—Transportation Only Needed --Churches— Cemeteries -- Schools, and Ma- terial Prosperity— Biographical . . 701-713 CHAPTER XXVI. Carthage Township — The Beauty of Its Landscape. The Act which organized It— Taken from Troy Township in November, 1819— Area- Lost Records— Officeholders—The Pioneers —First Mill — First Postmaster — Population by Decades — Growth Slow but Substantial — Churches and Schools— Biographical 714-730 CHAPTER XXVII. Dover and Trimble Townsuips. Outline— Early Settlers— Township Officials —Sunday Creek Valley— Mineral Resources —Social Periods— Biographical 731-789 CHAPTER XXVIII. Lodi Township — An Agricultural Town- ship Mixed with Petrifactions and In- dian Traditions. Organization and Bounds — Population — Topography— Petrifactions— First Election, Fourteen Votes— The Pioneers— Schools and Srnie Few Remarks — Churches, Villages, Business — Towns- hip Officers from 1827 to i ^-3— Biographical 790-812 CHAPTER XXIX. Hi- Tory of Hocking County — The Hocking Valley— The White Man's Advent and Fed Man's Exit. Those Who Led the Van of Civilization— The First Pioneers— The County Organiza- tion Act —Early Records— Eagle and Salt Creek — County Commissioners' First Meet- ing— First Grand Jury— Green and Laurel — Townt-hlps Organized and Numbered — Items — Falls -G ore and Jackson — Marion — Benton — Jail and Court- House —Mineral Talk- Progress— Population, 1840 — Taxation— Ex- tracts from Sentinel, 1842 — Something of Early Days — Something about a Name — To- pography—Metes aud Bounds 813-834 CHAPTER XXX. Agricultural and Mineral — Local Events. Iron Manufacturers— Progress and Flood — Yield of 1859— Local History— Valuation and Taxation— 1807 to 1875— Jail— Births and Deaths', 1873 — County Infirmary — Its Cost and Officers— Assessment Returns, 1874 and 187(3— Agricultural Products and Stocks for 1870, 1875, and 1880— Hocking County As- sei-sment, 1882 — Coal Output — Two Items- Hocking County Agricultural Soricty— From 1853 to 1882— The Record of a Crime— Mur- der ot the Weldon Family — Patrons of Hus- bandry—Oil Well— Postal Routes and Tally Ho— Normal Institute— From 1868 to 1882... 835-851 CHAPTER XXXI. Political History. Governors oi Ohio and Hocking County's Vote — County Officials — Commissioners — Other County Officers — The Vote of Hocking Coun- ty. 1818 to 1882— Population from 1820 to 18S0 — Seventh Judicial District — Sub-Districts 1, 2, and 3— Judges from 1818 to 1883— Counties Comprising the Districts and Sub-Divisions —Ten Judicial Districts in the State. .852-8B1 CHAPTER XXXII. War History of Hocking County— The Glo- rious Rlcord of the Gallant Sons of Ho.cking. They Were Born So — Michigan and Ohio boundary Troubles— Mexican War and Lit- tle Hocking— What Ohio Did— The Gallant Seventeenth— A Series of Mbrches — New < r- ganization— The Slain— The Glorious Thitty- first — Ordeied to Trave:— The Gallant Dead —The Noble Fifty-eighth— The Sixty-third, Seventy fifth, and the I ne Hundred and Fifty-first— The End 862-S83 CHAPTER XXXIII. Falls Township — The Pioneer Township and Its Steady Growth. From 1798 — Something of Its Important Changes of Territory— Railroad, Canal, and River—Timber, Coal, and Iron Ore— Assessed Valuation— Schools— Streams— The Falls of the Great Hockhockicg— Under the Surface— Churches — When Located — Cemeteries- Population— Falls-Gore— Railroad and Fur- naces—Church—Schools—Societies—Towns — Industries — Business — Land — Water — Boundary— Name 881-893 CHAPTER XXXIV. The City of Logan— The Pride of the Val- ley and of the Hockuocking. To the Memory of the Mingo Chief, Logan— The Beauty of its Location and Surroundings —From 1825 to 1830— Incorporation of Logan —What She Was— Bridges— the Culver Prop- erty— Purchase and Price- Logan Postoffice —Mayors of Logan-- Logan Graded School — Business Interests in 1859 and .8&3 -Pro- fessional 891-902 CHAPTER XXXV. Referring to Religions, Morals, Political and Business Interests. Presbyterian Church — Methodist Episcopal Church-Catholic Church-Luthei an Churches —People's Bank— First Na'ional Bank— The Logan Press — Manufactories— Iron and Steel — Furnture — Woolens— Sash, Doors, and Blinds— Fire Brick— Foundry and Machine Shop- Lodges and Societies 903-917 CHAPTER XXXVI. Biographical Sketches < f Falls Township, Including Falls-Gore and City of Logan 918-1011 CHAPTER XXXVII. Ward and Green Townships— Ward Town- ship, the Seat of Wealth, of Coal and Iron. Mineral but not Agricultural — About Ninety Per Cent— Shawnee Ore— Gardner's Trace- Interesting Situation— Dew Farm Organiza- tion—Carbon Hill— Orbiston— Murray City- Population and Area--School, etc. —Holocaust —Biographical— Green Township— Organi- zation and Area— Topography— Its Wealth of Waters — Coal and Iron — Craft's Furnace, Saw and Grist Mills— Early Settlement — Haydensville — Churches— Greenland Lodge —Assessed Valuation— Schools — Population —Its Relative Progress -Biographical 1012-1035 CHAPTER XXXVIII. Starr Township — A Township That Has a History. Boundary— Name— Water Courses— Timber —Pioneers— Who They Were — Starr Post- office — New Cadiz -Haydensville— Schools —Mills — Societies— Political — God's Acre- Religious— Churches — Township Officers- Biographical 1036-1070 CHAPTER XXXIX. Washington and Benton Townships — A Combination of Hills and Valleys, Caves and Ravines. Washington — Its Name, Topographically Speaking— Soil and Production-Old Settlers - i I .-. • CONTENTS . PORTRAITS Page. Alderman, W. N 437 Anderson, George S 335 Armstrong, William.. 1036 Belt, Raymond 903 Blackstone, William 233 Bowlby, W. R 550 Bowen, Cap:. W. M £62 Brawley, Henry B 284 Brown, John Frouti-pieee. Buerhaus, Carl H. II 688 Carpenter, Abel 1071 Culver, L. A 27 D ivis, Levi 640 Defebaugh, D. K 1098 Friesner, John S 887 Grogan, James R 6 1 1 Grosvenor. C. H 146 Hansen, John 985 Hart, U.C 85 Henry, Charles 715 lies, Jeremiah 713 Jones, H. C 1185 Page. Mansfield, W. D mi Mat bias, Isaac 782 McBroom, J. C 1130 McBroom, Mrs. J. C 1131 McCarthy, T.F 060 McCormick, I. II 1311 Patterson John . . 362 Poston, A 412 Primrose, I. P 1256 Rempel, Col. F. F 813 Shaw, J. A 60 Shepard, W. P 175 Spencer, Smith 485 Stewart, D. B 259 Stiers, Wilfred 1284 Stiers, Elizabeth 1285 Welch, John F 515 White, C. L 12(8 Wolf, Andrew 1158 Wolf, Joseph 200 Youne, W. R . 590 . BIOWKAPIHCAL SKETCHES. Page. Acker, James N 918 Acker, Win. T 918 Ackley, John 308 Addleman, B. T 309 Akin, G. E Albin Samuel 1310 Albin, Wm 1311 Albin, Wm.S 1110 Alderman, W.N 4 57 Allbaugh, Morris 1292 Allen, B. II 1093 Allen, David £54 Allen, J. B 308 Allen, John, Jr 1093 Allen, Josiah 770 Ailender, B. G 1030 Allison, T.J 693 Ames, Bishop E. R 514 Amerine, George 1094 Ambrose, M. H 919 Anderson, Geo. S 516 Andrews, M 437 Angell, R 796 Angell, T G 797 Ankram, J. A 1299 Arbaugh, M 1367 Armstrong, C. P 920 Armstrong, Elmer 554 Armstrong, E. B 554 Armstrong, f. C 437 Armstrong. Milton 1110 Armstrong, Wm 962 Armstrong, Wm. H 1044 Armstrong, Wm 1111 Arnold, Archibald 1830 AtkinsoD, G. E 1291 Atkison.S. L 1044 A ton, Llnza 797 Austin, J. O 1045 Austin, J. S 1U45 Bailey, Seth G61 Bailor, Samuel 1112 Baird, J, W 631 Baker, Geo. W 31 i9 Baker, S. C 797 Baker, T. E 920 Barker.F.M 311 Barker, Isaac, Jr 311 Barnes, James 1356 Barnes, M.R 1231 Barnes, W 43S Bamhill, John 7!7 Barrows, G. H 138 Bartlett, Sylvanus 1299 Bartlett, W. L 1299 Page. . 711 . 1371 . 797 . 555 Bason, C Bay, T. M Beam James Bean, Bisco Bean, E . M 555 Bean, Edmund 579 Bean, Harrison 632 Bean, Mrs. Lorana ... 579 Beasley, David 556 Beasley, George 516 Beasley, J. J 516 Beattie, Alex 439 Beebe, W. p 579 Beery, A. W 921 Beery, H. P 1311 Beli'ord, W. W 1342 Bell, Wm 743 Belt, Raymond 921 Bennett, Dariu- • .. 1016 Bennett, E. H 1338 Bennett, J. W 440 Benson, J. A 312 Berry, James 1134 Berry, Thomas ... 44n Bestow, M. L 662 Bethel, A. S 441 Bethel, L. T 1046 Biduison,T 7'0 Biddison, W 770 Bingham, H 743 Bingman, Wm 662 Birge, O. R 744 Bishop, H II 1357 Bishop, Harry 1331 Bishop. J 79. Biaci<, Rev. D. P 1134 Black, John S 612 Black, T.N 441 Blackstone, James 1076 Blackstone, W 811 lia-kwood,W 798 Blake, J. R 442 1 Blake. S. B 556 blakeky, G. W rso Blazer, Ceorge 718 Blore, John 1368 j Blum, Andrew 923 Boden, John 694 Booth, J 1368 I Bort, L. S 923 , Bothwell, E. P 1231 Bots.S. M : Boudinot, T... 744 Bowen, C. E . 924 Bowen, David 1030 Bowen, Wm. M 925 Bowen, J. C 313 Bowlbv, Wm. L 928 Bowsher, Nelson 1101 Boyd, Daniel 314 Boyd. Wm. G 663 Braddock, W. II 771 Brandeburg, John 580 Brawley, E. H 519 Brawley, II. B 517 Brawley, J. P 519 Brawley, J. W 714 Bray, John 1312 Brehm, G. W T 929 Brehm, John 1135 Brewer, I. V 1*92 Brewster, Sherman 663 Briggs, James 1300 Bright, J. G 929 Bright, J. L 929 Bright, S. II 930 Brooke, A. H 931 Brooke, Oliver 931 Brown, A. G 315 Brown, A. M 1150 Brown, AW 612 Brown, CD 932 Brown, C. H . . . 316 Brown, E. F 519 Brown, G. C ■ 317 Brown.H. T . 317 Brown, J. D 3:8 Biown, J. E 932 Brown, Gei; .John 316 Brown, John 318 Brown, M. B IS: own, Thomas 1150 Brown, T.J 933 Bryson, Archibald 520 Buck, A. T 581 Buckingham, W T m. D 1047 Buckley. A 413 Buerhaus, CD. n.,Jr ... '.-31 Buerhaus, C. H. H 934 Burge, O. G 745 Burge, W\ W 745 Burgess, A. J 935 Burgess, H. T 936 Bumgardner, H.F 665 Bandy, 11. S 1232 Burberry, J 444 Burrell.J.0 444 Burroughs, Jeremiah 633 Burson, J 799 Bur-,'), W. N 799 CONTENTS. :. Perrin Phom&s 525 Geiger, John - F .. "ames . ■•" W re, VT. B E. H - - - D r, C. W ■ ■ er, E.F -.-:, J.H 525 v i Goddam, W. R W. D $ ■ • -:. fm. R H nry GoodV. Goodspeea. J. Mel. S. M L - 344 9*, Martin - . ias :~ ? •: '. T - . ?. J - '■ ih R. - - i-t;or, Hoe. C. H 345 - • I -v Gaard. J .* ri'e, J. F .- Ham. ! - .. 6ST '-■ > '■"■ .. 954 Ham ': I Ham: I ■' ■ John ! • ■ W Haider. Even... Harce-d. J W J 53 ■ • . ■ . ndsr, B . Rev. • T. J - Hawk . . 1246 Hawk, F Hawt - 1 Hawk P Hawt. J. H R Haw... 3jt) Hawk Haws. I . Hawkins, James a, W. J 459 11 1 11 1 3 -. c. c Hames. J. S. - C. H. • v, J. C. P - Hedjes, Amos I - - • B . :50ii, C B 9'9 " " 1 -- ±. ; - Henrr. Joju i R. B ; ..... Herrold, W. H - _ - . xk. C. B - s . • . ■ voss im • . :•" i - - •:- Z. W ■ . B. A Howard. Wm D.W ■ - : d I : s 7 HoU,S . R H ■ ■ Eum-Dh -eV. R. F Huston, I.E.... T. S • - H - - "■' E B : J - cson, O. D *m.-: ' ■ - - >" . TV . L. R 8.31 • - ■ - - ■ - . L. H " ■- - I ■ - - 3 - E. M 354 j»s M M • A ' I ■ _ Johnson. J. W - n, 8. H - D - I'. H - . E ' '4 - :: : - J. H - - s M ! I L d L ;- s, S. \ ■ - - • l _ - . J.L - -- - 7 - ■ B A ■ ■ ' -• . ; • ■ •■ B :_ . - . - - L ■ ■ ' V - i - . - • • A T.i : - : -- 5 i . ENT8. Latimer, P. D ... ugh D Id ward 7~>2 72-} Learned, A.J Lean . . Lee, h ! D .on, Hev. R. J ... til* - Aaiun • Abuer - ,. i. - B. J -ihT .. 1121 I !l -• ■I 4t)7 . ii or] .1. D I. omis .]. M B B Lot t ridge, I. N r. D ll JTB 710 X J. M 1253 P I. hi/., Mm. Minerva 1121 1011) mas I leld, L. E .'. . D Marshal, i P . 1 1 •.'■.' i , A Martin. T. A M Martii > S r F M irl ndl .1 \ 1844 Mm-,-- l.jll M MOD ■ I Mason, John .... M I80n, .Miry . . . 1057 ii, John Mastei .ii we, S. L lac \ 1138 McBroom, M. \ U88 M Bi i Robert 1184 . . hran, J. A .... McClai McClannahan, W. S I . . Abraham. . S H. F W. W am M Cune. A 1155 ji no ne, J. B .:_■■ McDaniel, Joeeph McDaLiel. Zara llii M.i Don d, •'• W . !<72 454 . . 470 .'.h, A. E 1264 c.J. A . McKim. Mrs M L Ml K: trick. J tam D McLean, C McM tniga Mi Manigal, R. D Mi Manigal, W. J 1080 J. II McVey, J. M 1^54 Miller, David 115i Miller, D. A , II. McC Minear, A. I) 6in Minear, A. W. ?> Minor, J. K Mintuu, T. L Mlrick, II. D Mlli hell, John t\~", 1, Lafayette Moler, E.C lan, 8. W Montgomery, Wm. McA l. H J 11 M. D . Morris, Hon. C M in!-, J yiorns, J. W Morrison, A I Morrison, Joeeph Morris.. i,. Moutgomei \ Mosare, A. W... Motoei well, Robert. , . 078 i 7i(i Mowrey, II. i' Murphy, A. C Murphy, L. C . , J man, John, Jacob W Newman, D. J Newton, A. P nan N lion, 8llae William 3 .i Mattel . Natter S 979 II A .. 711 at 1189 • . . David W.. .. I Owen, Horace C ameeG 535 N B Pfffc:. Paine, B. P. Paine, G Paine, J. B Painter, AC Palmer, Augustus 781 Parker, J. C 47j Parker, J . M Parker, J. M Parrieh, Solomon Patri. .: V :iiO- Patterson, James jhn • Patteri-on, R M Patters Paltou. F. B Payne, P. M... Pavne, George 1322 Pavue, II ...... A 1. II Perry, Jefferson Pettit, C. JI Phelps. Parley.... is, Ezra, Jr Phillip-. L. D Phillips i »v ii Pickering, J. L . Pickei: 3 w Pierce, .J Pierce, M Pilcher, C. B r T. M D Plenkhai p, Wm E Poling. Noah ..... . 1156 - . > . w I Q . D Postou, Samuel Poston, William w s W.V 174 i li (3 A II ! L P \ . A W. II Primrose, IP... Prnden, Pugh, KB - . 1294 CONTENT-:. Raine. John Rannells, C. S .. Rannells. D. V.. Rannells, J. W.. Rannells, T Raune - . ■ .. 1323 .. 13*4 Batcliff. William Rathburn, Lewis Raucfc, J. £ Raucb, Peter Ream, Isaac Reasoner, Catherine Reasoner, P. M Riber, B. C Reber, M. B - 621 1304 : - 1 . 1326 . 1205 . 995 . 384 . 3*4 coy, Jasper 565 Stiles, S. D... Selby.W. W 71- StimsoD, Mrs^ Emma M Shafe'r, G. Van S 479 Sbaner. J Shaner. E ;»3 shaner, Seth ' Schlotterback, John Schmidt, Co. Schwenkt.-. C. W. . . . Scott. A. B Scott, W. F Scott. Rev. W. H... Scott, Winfifcld ■ 999 :.c-r. W I .v . J . A . Reddick, w.f.-.::'.".::... a ; w.^n \v, J. S. 1033 995 . - -on, T. M Stewart. D. B Stewart, L>. is., Jr . Stiere, Isaac Stiers. J. A - B Stiers, W.iiord 54 4 . Stimsoni H. S Stivison, Samuel. . . Stoddard, Grove ttone, L'-mu. stout, Aaron, Sr Aaron, Jr Stou , C 3 Stout, Cyrenue rge ■ 999 1125 72; Redttrn, JB.. V »J™» Sheffield B B 480 Stout. George geevesEhphaz 564 bheffie Id B »••■• ^ Stout j. M . g Reid, CnarksP «S fiSn C B 382 Stout, S. C -" Reid, James 140 Sheldon, C. B . . . . . • *m Stou: w (J • U- 5it Sheoard WP 481 Strahl, J. L Rempel.F.J *» ^?P* r °' d j ain e" B " ' '"..'... 482 Strausbaugh, J Sral*"; v eDry ^Thomas:: 482 Straiisbaugb, M Rhn^'PM rard,'D.C Rhoads, F . -U »»* Sle-wood S W .... K J. W. RhnHris. Jacob 991 Ofe.woou, o. y» t ,„„i„ i„„j. Rhoads, Jacob... Rice, Jason — j^'J Richardson. A. B Richardson, Thomas... Rickev. D. T Ricke'v, G. W Rickey, John Riggs, Samutl Rineheart, George *. Ring, John , D. M Roach. A. I Roads, J. B Robb, J. I >hn v, J.J nett, Bzekiel ett. Levi... 378 . I - 379 1376 12 4 : 295 1365 : : . Leander s FraLk - ron^, J Strous, Allen Stump, J. II '■ J. M ton, Thoma Shrade^ Mrs. Amy 622 Taylor, J....... Mrs. Marv ■\ Noah ii B22 Thacker, B. W I harp. M. W •; j Shockey. G. W Shockey, Jacob — Shockey, J. J Shoemaker, Shoop, James B. . . Shott. Wind, hrader, A. J Shry, Is&ac Shurtz, Andrew.. Shurtz, G. W Sickels, Jan . W. . . ■ G. »V . Robert.... slater, J . 1124 542 !:8::::::::::: b\ Si! ! r. W 782. Smith, H. J.... Rochester, J. W - Smith, John.. ■ ..V. T. J. J , J. M Ho--, Charles Rose, J B J77 - . K 622 B Rowt-11, Wm. M Runn ion, Elijah 725 Runnion, M. M m, Adam 1062 Rush, Peter C. W 4 rhoiuas, J. M 13. s 72 • - - 1269 Tnomas, W. A. . 1296 ThompsoD, J. W . Samuel.. . ED; Sranc's an ker, C. S ker, K 543 • ■'- roseph 49} -- E Smith V • 727 lownsei.u, Hon. L Smith) W.'a.' 623 Towsley, F. T. Smiiii.W ■•• Towsley, G.W.... am. ■' l rlt6C , h v J ' L ' ' ..Rachel 1«70 Troxel, Henry Sonders, Israel 1086 Tfue,Auttin Soule, Almond 1364 Tru Southerton, C. W 762 Tucker. A Southerton, J. P 762 Tu( .rohne. ling, J 762 Tucker, C. G David. 580 Spaulding, J. M. 598 Tuckei 1340 Tucker. 1001 114'. tfa: nA...:. 7^6 spencer Snath. . Bpicer, J. J 129o ■ am 541 im 1264 Stalder Nicholas 645 Stalder. 8 Sar^H J! T 783 I Stanley, John van vornes, uon. «. a I"&t l 758 Stanton, W 1378 Varley, John. 39 Peter Untie. David A. P Vale, J. <>. A ta, R. 8 Van Vorhes, Hon. N. II 9 i. f.:::::::::::.:: 1296 |j^«'wm.w::.:".:; S;¥ama;i:::::::::iS Schaff,I.M 479 S'.euart, D. G Vickers. Elijah . Albert Vorhes, John irbes, W. H Vorhes, W. H Voris, A. W.. rortb, W. B J . ' A. B Walk' r, Daniel ... 69S . - ... 1157 .B... " ... ;.• M ■ M II ■ v I I w ■ I CONTENTS. Page, liable, John 477 Rannells, C.S ' g ' .... I 258 .... 1323 . .. 1324 .... 1*59 Rannells, D. V Rannells, J. W. Rannells, T.... Rannells, W. J. Katcliff, William 13-10 .540 983 1083 0-21 1304 1304 990 990 1083 1096 561 Kathburu, Lewis Raiich, J. K Rauch, Peter Ream, Isaac Reasoner, Catherine Reasoner, I'. M Rtber, B. (! Reber, M. B Reddick.W. F Redfenr, E. F Reeves, Eliphaz.... Koicl, Charles P «8o 1140 Tage Schlotterback, John 1326 Schmidt, Conrad 1265 Schwenke, <_'. \V. Scott, A. B Scott, W. F Scott, Rev. W. 11. Scott, Winfield ecoy, Jasper Selby, W.W 712 Shafer, G. Van S.. 47 9 Shafler, J • 382 Shinier, E ;59 Shauer, Seth i84 Reid, James Reismgcr, J. II Rempel, F. F Reynold^, Henry Rhode?, J. M Rhoade, P. M Rhoads, Jacob Rico, Jason Richardson, A. B Richardson, Thomas. Rickey, D. T Rickey, G. W Rickey, John. 1364 938 1262 596 991 991 540 378 680 56 1 1825 564 Shaner, \V Shaw, J. A — Shaw, John... Shaw, J. s. . . . Mn Held, B. li Sheik, John si 1038 995 1H21 4S0 1140 Page. . 1:504 . 1389 . 599 . 997 . 998 . 999 . 1003 Riggs, Samui 1 1081 Rineheart, George. Ring, John hisley, D. M Roach, A. I Roads, J.B Robb, J. L Robbius, E Robbins, John Robey, J. J Robintstt, Bzeklel... Robinett, Levi Robinson, Mien — lo32 379 991 379 992 1-. 63 1376 1377 L033 12 I -.295 1295 Sheldon, C. R 382 Shepard, J. S 481 Shepard, W. P 481 Sheppard, James 482 Sheppard, Thomas 482 Sheirard, D. C 1034 Slerwood, S. W 1265 Shockev, G. W 1266 Shockey, J acob 1265 Shockey, J.J 1*68 Shoemaker, Salem 1124 snoop, James B 542 Shott, Windell «08 Shrader, A. J 4 «3 Shrader, Mrs. Amy 622 Shry, l8t.ac shnrtz, Andrew Shnrtz, G. W Sickels, James Silvey, W. U Simms, G. B 681 ... 1002 ... 1269 ... 1296 . . . 483 Stevenson, T. M Stewart, D. B Stewart, 1>. B., Jr - Stiers, Isaac Stiers, J. A Stiers, J. B Stiers, WUIord Stiles, S. D 511 Stimson, Mrs. Emma ML.. 62:j Stimson, II. S 38 Stivison, Samuel 99 ' Stoddard, Grove 1034 ttone, Lemuel 1 Stout, Aaron, Sr — Stout, Aaron, Jr.... Stou , Chiuies .. Stoul , Cyrenus Stout, George Si out, J. M Stout, S. C <28 Stoul, W. O '. 729 Strahl, J.L 383 Strausbaugh, J 1305 Strausbau'gb, M 1365 Strausbaugh, r 1303 727 727 7*8 728 728 Strentz, J. w. Stnght, Leandcr. Strong, Frank Strong, J. 998 1271 1366 Strous, Allen 11*5 Stump, J. II. »w aim, J. si 1126 698 Swepston, Thomas 1< S! > m . . . . .. i' van Robinson, P. C 541 1269 1327 1328 622 7. v.! Taylor, J. Tedrow, Mrs. Mary.. 785 599 Robinson, J. C Robinson, J. W. Rochester, J. W Rodeheaver, J. J Romel, J. M Rose, Charles — Rose, C. P Rose, *'v r.us Rose, J IS Rossetter, T. K. Roll., F Rowi 11. Wm. M 59< Runnion, Elijah 725 Runnion, M. M 725 Runyon, Adam 1062 Rush, Peter Russell, C. W Russell, David Russell, G. A Russell, James ...... Russell, John Russell, Washington. Russell, William Suits, A. W Sums, Nathan Sunders, 11. T — Sunders, J Sands, J. F Sands, J. W Sargent, Isaac 808 Saunders, Amasa 726 Saunders. A.N 726 Searlott, William Schaal. Daniel.. Simms, M.. F Sisson, G. w — Skelly, Robert... slater, J.... Smith, C.R 760 Smith, David 761 Smith, Henry 097 Smith, II. J... 598 993 Smith, John - r '43 993 Smith, Joseph 481 i [28 Smith, V ,| ~" Smith, W. A 6*3 Smith, W <61 994 380 381 177 022 381 758 i. i 680 7S2 725 726 :>:•; 7 20 1204 011 788 644 1270 isi 990 1*70 1086 Smith, William. Snook, William.. Snowden, G Snyder, U. R .... Snydi r, Rachel .. Bonders, Israel . . . Soule, Almond 1364 Southerton, C. W 762 Southerton, J. I' Spaulding, J Spaulding, J. M — Speakman, J. 3 Spenci r. Charles . . . Spencer, Smith Spicer, J. E Stalder, Fred Stalder, Nl< holas. . .. Stalder, Samuel Stanley, John 758 Stanton, W. 1*96 381 1085 Schoeffer, w. T 478 Schaff, C. E 178 Si haff, I M 479 Siaikey Wm. W.... Starr, N. W St. Clair, Samuel Steadman, K. C Steel, James S — Steel, Johu S Steel, M. A St( el, T. A Stephenson, J. A... Steuart, D. G 598 1 140 1103 48.". 1295 544 645 M'.S 1270 1378 645 996 1156 388 .1124 1124 1364 1124 763 809 Tedrow, Noah Ten ell, I. U K-00 Thacker. B. W 1342 Tharp, M. W 785 'lharp, T. J 7t6 Thomas, J. M 1378 Thomas, VV. A 886 Thompson, J. W 1064 Thompson, Samuel 1 |! 61 Tibbies, Prancis 7*9 Tibbies, John 729 Tinker, C. S 786 Tinker, K 486 Tobin,J.A 186 Tompkins, E 386 Townser.d, lion. C Towsley, F. T 3-8 Towsley, G. W 389 Trimmer, Anthony 1272 Trimmer, S. 11 1272 Tritsch, B. K 1001 Tritsch, J. E 1001 Troxel, Henry 1140 True, Aui-tiu 78 1 True. J 78' Tucker, Aaron 64 Tui Iter, Mrs. Caroline. . , 1 ' : Tucker, C. G 600 Tinker, Josephus 681 i ucker, w . s Tullis, John A 484 I'lm.-r, Peter 391 Unble, l)a\id 1140 Vale, A. P 1370 \ ale, J. Q, A 1371 Van Alta, R. S 100* Van \ orhes, Hon. N. 11 Varley. John 39* Vickers, Elijah \ .nli.-, Albert 624 \ oi lie.-, John Vorhes, W. II Vorhes, W. H Voris, A. W w . dswortb, W. B. .. w agner, J. li Walker, A. B Walker, Daniel 624 186 699 1157 1087 1127 393 7 CONTENTS. Page. Walker, G. K 394 Walker, J. H 394 Walker, T. C 682 Walker, William 395 Wallace, J. S 4*7 Wallace, J. W 1:179 Wallar, E. H 1329 Walsh, Thomas 396 Warden, T. B 396 Warehime, J 787 Warren, J. W 1388 Warren, N. O 600 Warrener, W. J 545 Watkins, Elieha 1021 Walking, J. K 809 Watkins, j. g 1021 Watson, A 488 Waxier, G. W 1273 Weatherby, William 682 Weaver, Jacob 1002 Weaver, Levi 1127 Webb, Ralph 1003 Webb, Thomas 1004 Webster, C. D. B 646 Wedge, F. W 683 Weed, S. T 1305 Weethee, J. P 764 Weethee, L 769 Weitzell.R. S 1004 Welch, Hon. J 397 Welch, J. F 488 Welch, J. M 397 Wellman, John 1005 -^Wells A. H 489 Wells, R. E 1367 —Wells, W. J 7?8 Weltner, John 1147 Wescoat, N. B 1273 Wheeler, Edmund 546 Whipple, J. O 400 Whitcraft, D. B 1141 Page. Whitcraft, G. W 1141 White, Alexander 1006 White, C. L 1274 White, Darius 1007 White, Harlow 1007 White, Jacob 1305 White, J. F 1008 White, J. W 490 White, Lewis 1065 White, S. C 683 White, T. R 788 Whitlatch, J. P 1276 Whitlatch, William 1276 Wickham. H. H 647 Wiggins, G. W 1103 Wilder, Jay 547 Wilkins, C. B... 1128 Wilkins, J. M 1128 Wilkins, John 1129 Wilkins, J. R 1129 Will. Daniel lv!77 W T illiams, A. M 809 Williams, B. F 1367 Williams, Richason 1065 Williams, W. M 810 Willis, S. H 1329 Willmarth, A. J 769 Wilson, A. J 490 Wilson, Mrs. Dorcas t>84 Wilson, E 490 Wilson, J. « 491 Wilson, J 491 Winget, M. C 1297 Winn. JohnT 634 Withers, H. G Hio Witherspoon. J. S 1330 Wolf, Andrew 1279 Wolf, Joseph 491 Wolf. J. D 1066 Wolf, L. H 1035 Wolf, L. W 1006 Page. Wolf, M. D 10b7 Wolf, S. J 1129 Wolf, T. B 1130 Wolf, William, Jr 1007 Wolfe.EzraH 712 Wolfe, Frederick 1097 Wolfe, Joseph II 712 Wollett, W. S 492 Wood, J. M 401 Wood, J P 401 Wood, R. M 565 Woodard, Ichibod, Sr. . .. 1008 Woodard, Ichabod 1069 Woodard, L. C 493 Woodard, N. B 1069 Woodard, W. N 493 Woodruff, M 402 Woods, T. D 1141 Woodyard, J. C 402 Work, J. W 1008 Work, R. R 100ft Wright, Harvey 601 Wright, H. K.. 1087 Wright, O. W 109ft Wright, Robert 1010 Wright, W. A 1035 Wyatt, F. C 648 Wyatt, George 713 Wyatt, J. L 789 Wyatt, John 547 Wvatt, Joshua 64- Zeigler, David 1142 Ziller, David 1147 Zeller, Jacob 114; Z'jller, J. N 1011 Zimmerman, Joseph 789 Zinn, Wi.liam 810 Yaple, W. R 1341 Young, S 403 Young, Wm. R 1180 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. CHAPTER [. INTRODUCTORY, BUT iSTILL HISTORY. Indians, and the White Man's Advent — The Owners of the Territory — The Government Secured it — Ordinance of 1787 — Who was its Author — The Dunmore War — Battle of Point Pleasant — Locating on the Indian Lands — Dun- more's March up the Hocking Valley — The Indian Name and Why. When the early explorers and missionaries first visited the country afterward described as the " Northwest Territory," they found it under the rule of that famous and powerful tribe of Indians, the "Six Nations." Later, however, their prestige dimin- ished, and during the eighteenth century this region was occupied and owned by several Indian tribes entirely independent of each other. Those in what is now Ohio were the Delawares, the Shaw- nees, the Wyandots (called the Hurons by the French), the Mingoes (an offshoot of the Iroquois), the Chippewas and the Tawas (more commonly called the Ottavvas). The Delawares occu- pied the valleys of the Muskingum and the Tuscarawas; the Shawnees, the Scioto Valley; the Miamis, the valleys of the two rivers upon which they left their name; the Wyandots occupied the country about the Sandusky River; the Ottawas had their head- quarters in the valleys of the Maumee and Sandusky; the Chippe- was were confined principally to the south shore of Lake Erie; and the Mingoes were in greatest strength upon the Ohio, below the site of Steubenville. All of the tribes, however, frequented more or less lands outside of their prescribed territory, and at different periods, from the time when the first definite knowledge concerning them was obtained down to the era of white settlement, they 2 (17) IS HISTORY OF HOOKING v ai.i.i \ . oooupied different locations. Thus the Delawares, whom Boquet found in !7<>l in greatesl aumbers in the valley oi the Tuscarawas, had, thirty years later, the majority of their population in the regi f the county which now bears their name; and the Slmw- nees, who were originally strongest upon the Scioto, al the time of St. ('lair's and Wayne's wars had concentrated upon the little Miami. The several tribes commingled to some extenl as their animosities toward each other were supplanted by the common fear of the enemy of their race. They gradually grew Btronger in sympathy and e compact in union as the settlements of the whites encroached upon their loved domain. Hence the divisions, which had in L750 been quite plainly marked, became, by the time the Ohio was fringed with the cabins and villages of the pale face, in a large measure, obliterated. In Eastern Ohio, where the Delawares had held almost, undisputed sway, there were now to !»»' found also Wyandols, Shawnees, Ming06S, and even Miamis from the western border from the Wahasli, Miami and Mad rivers. The Delawares, as has been indicated, had their densest popu lation upon the CJpper Muskingum and Tuscarawas, ami they really were in possession of what is now the eastern half of the State, from the Ohio fo Lake Erie. This tribe, which claimed !<> be the elder bran oh of the Lenni Lenape, has by tradition and in history and in fiction been accorded a high rank among the savages , and in less than a score of years their entire population had become resident in this eountry. They became here a more flourishing and powerful tribe than they had ever been before. Their war- riors numbered not less than 600 in L764. OWNERSHIP OF DUE NOW I'liw EST. Though the actual occupants, and as most will say the righl owners of this region were these native tribes of Indians, there were other claimants to the soil, who, though tor a long time they made little pretense of actual possession, were eventually to dis- possess the Indians of their hunting grounds. France, resting her claim upon the discovery and explorations oi Robert Cavelier de La Salle and Marquette, upon a sort oi nominal occupation of the country by means of forts and missions, and later, upon the provis- ions of several European treaties (those of Utrecht, Ryswick and Ai\ '.a Chapelle), was the first nation to formally lay claim to the soil of the territory now included within the boundaries of the S of Ohio, as an integral portion of the valley of the Mississippi and of the Northwest. Ohio was thus a part oi New France. After the treaty oi Ltreeht in 1713, it was a part of the French province of Louisiana, which extended from the gulf to the northern lakes. 'The English claims were based on the priority ot their occupation of the Atlantic coast, in latitude corresponding to the territory claimed; upon an opposite construction of the same treaties a named; and last, but not least, upon the alleged cession rights of the Indians. England's charters to ail of the orig colonies expressly extended their grants from sea to sea. principal ground of claim by the English was by t purchase from the Six Nations, who, claiming to the whole country and therefore its posse-- - to dispose ot' it. France successfully resisted the claims land, and maintained control oi arritory b the Ohi and the lakes by force of arms until the f Paris summated in 1768. L\ the provisions oi came into the possession vu 1 * the dispul until 20 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ownership was vested in the United States by the treaty of peace made just twenty years later. Virginia had asserted her claims to the whole of the territory northwest of the Ohio, and New York had claimed titles to por- tions of the same. These claims had been for the most part held in abeyance during the period when the general ownership was vested in Great Britain, but were afterward the cause of much em- barrassment to the United States. Virginia, however, had not only claimed ownership of the soil, but attempted the exercise of civil authority in the disputed territory as early as 1769. In that year the colonial House of Burgesses passed an act establishing the county of Botetourt, including a large part of what is now West Virginia, and the whole territory northwest of the Ohio, and hav- ing, of course, as its western boundary the Mississippi River. It was more in name than in fact, however, that Virginia had juris- diction over this great county of Botetourt through the act of 1769. In 1778, after the splendid achievements of General George Rogers Clarke, — his subjugation of the British posts in the far West, and conquest of the whole country from the Ohio to the Mississippi, — this territory was organized by the Virginia Legislature as the County of Illinois. John Todd was appointed as County Lieuten- ant and Civil Commandant of Illinois Count} 7 ', and served until his death (he was killed in the battle of Blue Licks, Aug. J.8, 1782). He was succeeded by Timothy de Montburn. New York was the first of the several States claiming right and title in Western lands to withdraw the same in favor of the United States. Her charter, obtained March 2, 1661, from Charles II., embraced territory which had formerly been granted to Massa- chusetts and Connecticut. The cession of claim was made by James Huane, Wm. Floyd and Alexander McDougall, on behalf of the State, March 1, 1781. Virginia, with a far more valid claim than New York, was the next State to follow New York's example. Her claim was founded upon certain charters granted to the colony by James I., and bearing date respectively, April 10, 1806, May 23, 1609, and March 12, 1611; upon the conquest of the country by General George Rogers Clarke; and upon the fact that she had also exercised civil authority over the territory. The act was consum- mated March 17, 1784. Massachusetts ceded her claims, without reservation, the same year that Virginia did hers (1784), though the action was not formally consummated until the 18th of April, 1785. The right of her title had been rested upon her charter, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 21 granted less than a quarter of a century from the arrival of the Mayflower, and embracing territory extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Connecticut made what has been called " the last tardy and reluctant sacrifice of State pretension to the common good, "Sept. 14, 1786. THE GOVERNMENT OWNED IT. The United States Government was the only one now claiming authority over the Northwest, and there remained only the task of extinguishing the Indian title before the question of ownership could be finally settled. This was no easy matter, however, as the Six Nations and other tribes were allies of the English, and hostile to the Americans, and they did not relish the idea of giving up their homes without a struggle. The result was a series of hostile movements, and numerous acts of revenge. The Government prosecuted almost a continuous war against them, without bring- ing about a satisfactory peace, until in 1786, a conciliatory policy- was adopted, which proved far more effectual. By a series of pur- chases and treaties made at various dates, the title of the Indians was peaceably extinguished. It is a fact worthy of note, and one of which we may well be proud, that the title to every foot of Ohio soil was honorably acquired from the Indians. ORDINANCE OF 1787. In 1784 a committee, of which Thomas Jefferson was chairman, reported to Congress an ordinance providing for the establish- ment and maintenance of government in the Northwest Terri- tory. This measure of 1784, although it remained nominally in force until repealed by the ordinance of 1787, was really inoperative — a dead letter. May 20, 1785, an ordinance was passed for the survey of Western lands. A surveyor was chosen from each State, to act under the direction of the Geographer of the United States, in laying off the land into townships of six miles square. The Geographer was instructed to designate the townships by numbers, beginning at the south; and the ranges by numbers, beginning at the east and going westward. It is this simple system of describing land that has been adopted by the Government in the survey of all its lands since that time. The famous ordinance of 1787, passed July 13, and from its most important provision often termed the u Ordinance of Freedom," was the last gift of the Congress of the old confederation to the 22 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. country, and it was a fit consummation of their glorious labors. It was the product of what we may call inspired statesmanship, the foundation upon which rive great commonwealths were to be built up, the fundamental law, the constitution of the Northwest Terri- tory, and a sacred compact between the old colonies and the yet uncreated States to come into being under its benign influence. "It forever proscribed slavery upon the soil of the great territory that it organized." The Congress of 1787 "builded wiser than it knew, 1 ' and more grandly. Let us pass the broader significance and vaster value of the ordinance, and look upon it simply as the act of legislation providing for the opening, development and government of the territory; we find it alike admirable and effective. It provided for successive forms of territorial govern- ment, and upon it were based all of the territorial enactments and much of the subsequent State legislation. It was so constructed as to give the utmost encouragement to immigration, and it offered the utmost protection to those who became settlers, for " when they came into the wilderness," says Chief Justice Chase, 4 ' they found the law already there. It was impresged upon the soil, while as yet it bore up nothing but the forest." The authorship of the ordinance of 1787 has been variously as- cribed to Nathan Dane, a Congressman from Massachusetts, to Rufus King of the same State, and to Thomas Jefferson; and ar- guments more or less weighty have from time to time been ad- vanced to support their claims or those of their friends. Thomas Jefferson went to France as Minister three years before the passage of the ordinance of 1787, and did not return until eighteen months after. He was, however, identified with the inoperative ordinance of 1784, which introduced the clause prohibiting slavery after the year 1800, which did not pass. Mr. King was undoubtedly the author of the anti-slavery clause in an ordinance which secured some attention in 1785, but he was not even a member of the Con- gress of 1787. Mr. Dane's claim is combated chiefly on the ground that it was never made while any of the other men who, from their position, were supposed to know about the formation of the ordinance were alive, and on the ground that he had none of those graces of composition which are exhibited in the ordinance. Of later years investigation has convinced almost all prominent writers on the subject that Dr. Manasseh Cutler was the real au- thor. The evidence is too lengthy to introduce here, but it has not been refuted, and the supposition accords very well with the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 23 well-known facts of history. Dr. Cutler had come before Congress to purchase for a company composed chiefly of Massachusetts men, a large body of public lands. The purchase would have been almost entirely valueless in the opinion of most of the Ohio Com- pany associates if they could not have the land to which they pro- posed to emigrate covered with the law to which they had been accustomed. The ordinance of freedom was as an act of legislation, the natural predecessor of the sale to the Ohio Company. It was considered by Congress, after the plan had been fully examined, very desirable that the public domain should be advantageously disposed of, and that a colony should be established in the Federal Territory. Such a colony would form a barrier against the British and Indians, it was argued, and this initiative step would be fol- lowed speedily by other purchases in which additional settlements would be founded. The South had a greater interest in the West than had New England; and Virginia, especially, from her past protection, future prospect and geographical location, was inter- ested in and eager for the development of the country beyond the Ohio. Virginia, and the South in general, may have justly re- garded the planting in the West of a colony of men whose patri- otism was well known, a measure calculated to bind together the old and new parts of the nation, and promote union. It is pre- sumable that much was said by Dr. Cutler upon these advantages and that it was their importance in the eyes of Southern members which led them to permit the creation and enactment of such an ordinance. dunmore's war. Probably but few of the present inhabitants of the Hocking Valley are aware that a fort was established within its limits and an army marched across its borders, led by an English earl, before the Revolutionary War. The building of Fort Gower at the mouth of the Hocking River, in what is now Troy Township, Athens County, and the march of Lord Dunmore's arm) 7 across the country many years before its first settlement, forms an inter- esting passage in our remote history. "Dunmore's War" was the designation applied to a series of bloody hostilities between the whites and Indians during the year 1T74. It was the culmination of the bitter warfare that had been waged with varying success between the frontier population of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the Delawares, Iroquois, Wyan- 24 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. dots and other tribes of Indians. One of the most noted of the many massacres of that period was that of Logan's family by the whites, and in retaliation the swift vengeance of the Mingo chief upon the white settlements on the Monongahela, where, in the language of his celebrated speech, he "fully glutted his ven- geance." In August, 1774, Lord Dunmore, then Governor of Virginia, de- termined to raise a large force and carry the war into the enemy's country. The plan of the campaign was simple. Three regiments were to be raised west of the Blue Ridge, to be commanded by General Andrew Lewis, while two other regiments from the interior were to be commanded by Dunmore himself. The forces were to form a junction at the month of the Great Kanawha and proceed, under the command of Lord Dunmore, to attack the Indian towns n Ohio. The force under Lewis, amounting to 1,100 men, rendezvoused at Camp Union, now Lewisburg, Greenbrier Co., ~W. Va., whence they marched early in September, and reached Point Pleasant on the 6th of October. Three days later Lewis received dispatches from Dunmore informing him that he had changed his plan of operations ; that he (Dunmore) would march across the country against the Shawanese towns on the Scioto, situated within the present limits of Pickaway County, and Lewis was ordered to cross the Ohio River at once and join Dun- more before these towns. This movement was to have been made on the 10th of October. On that day, however, before the march had begun, two men of Lewis's command were tired upon while hunting a mile or so from camp. One was killed and the other came rushing into camp with the alarm that Indians were at hand. General Lewis had barely time to make some hasty dispositions when there began one of the most desperate Indian battles recorded in border warfare — the battle of Point Pleasant. The Indians were in great force, infuriated by past wrong and by the hope of wiping-out their enemy by this day's fight, and were led on by their ablest and most daring chiefs. Pre-eminent among the savage leaders were Logan and "Corn- planter" (or "Cornstalk"), whose voices rang above the din, and whose tremendous feats performed in this day's action have passed into history. The contest lasted all day. and was not yet decided. Toward evening General Lewis ordered a body of men to gain the enemy's flank, on seeing which movement about to be successfully executed the Indians drew off and effected a safe retreat. The HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 25 force on both sides in this battle was nearly equal — about 1, 100. The whites lost half their officers and fifty-two men killed. The loss of the Indians, killed and wounded, was estimated at 233. Soon after the battle Lewis crossed the river and pursued the In- dians with great vigor, but did not again come in conflict with them. Meanwhile Lord Dnnmore, in whose movements we are more interested, had, with about 1,200 men, crossed the mountains at Potomac Gap, reviewed his force at Fort Pitt, now Pittsburg, and descended the Ohio River as far as the mouth of the Hocking. Here he landed, formed a camp, and built a fortification which he called Fort Gower. It was from here that he sent word to Gen- eral Lewis of the change in his plan of campaign, and he remained here until after the battle of Point Pleasant. Leaving a sufficient force at Fort Gower to protect the stores and secure it as a base, Lord Dnnmore marched up the Hocking toward the Indian country . There is a tradition that his little army encamped at night success- ively at Federal Creek, and at Sunday Creek in Athens County. He marched up the Hocking as far as where Logan now stands, and from there westward to a point seven miles from Circleville, where a grand parley was held with the Indians. It was at this council that the famous speech of the Mingo chief was made, be- ginning, "I appeal to any white man to say if he ever entered Logan's cabin hungry and he gave him not meat,' 1 etc. After the execution of a treaty with the Indians, Lord Dnnmore returned to Fort Gower by nearly the same route he had pursued in his ad- vance, across the country and down the valley of the Hocking to its mouth. It is probable that his army was disbanded at this point, and returned in small parties to their homes. ORIGIN OF THE NAME " HOCKING." " Ilockhocking " is a Delaware (Indian) name, and meant in their language, iw Bottle River." In the spring of 1765 George Croghan, a sub-commissioner of the British Government, embarked at Pittsburg with some friendly Indians, intending to visit the "Wabash and Illinois country, and conclude a treaty with the In- dians. Five days from Pittsburg, he notes in his journal that ''we passed the mouth of Hochocen, or Bottle River." This translation of the word Hochocen or Hockhoeki ng. is also given by Ilecke- welder and Johnson, and is undoubtedly correct. The Shawanese called the river Weathak-agh-qua, which meant, in their dialect, the same as Hockhocking; and one of the other tribes called it by 26 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. a name signifying Bow Eiver. All of these names had reference to the winding, crooked course of the stream. The origin of the name Hockhocking — Bottle River — is thus explained by a writer in an old number of the American Pioneer, who says: " About six or seven miles northwest of Lancaster there is a fall in the Hock- hocking of about twenty feet ; above the falls, for a short distance, the stream is very narrow and straight, forming a neck, while at the falls it suddenly widens on each side, and swells into the ap- pearance of the body of a bottle. The whole, when seen from above, appears exactly in the shape of a bottle, and from this fact arose the Indian name of Hockhocking." The original name has been corrupted or shortened to ''Hocking," and this shortened form has become so universal in its use, that it may now be con- sidered the correct form of the word. ^ ^y^u,^ 4AsL CHAPTER II. EARLY SETTLEMENT AND MATERIAL PROGRESS. The Ohio Company — The Yalley of Hocking — Washington County — Generals Washington and Putnam — Organization — Purchase of Land, 9(54,285 Acres — Athens and Hocking Counties — The Arrivals — Names of the First Settlers — The ^ity of Adelphia — -Marietta— Indian War — Generals Harmer and St. Clair Defeated— Mad Anthony's Victory — First Settlers of the College Lands, or in Athens Cou nty — Making Salt — Pioneer Modes and Pioneer Progress. the first settlement. The first settlement of the Hocking Yalley, or northwest of the Ohio River, was in 1774. Then quite a number settled within the limits of what is now Ohio. There were small villages at Hocking Falls, at the Muskingum, the Scioto, Miami, and along the north banks of the Ohio. The largest appeared to have been Hocking, and there was quite a town on the Mingo bottoms, opposite what is now Wheeling. In January, 1785, the commissioners to treat with the Indians in possession of the territory, Messrs. George Rogers, Richard Butler and Arthur Lee, were compelled to cease negotiations until the.lands west of the Ohio River were dispossessed of the white settlers or pioneers. Ensign John Armstrong was sent by Colonel Harmer to drive these white invaders from Indian soil. Some failed to leave. The Delaware and Wyandot Indians were in possession. This was in March, 1785. It is very probable that these primitive settle- ments were formed by soldiers from Lord Dnnmore's army which, after a short campaign against the Indians in Ohio, was disbanded at the mouth of the Hocking River in the fall of 1774. The fact of the disbandonment of the army, about 1,200 men, at the time and place above named, has been accepted as conclusive, and as no facts to the contrary have ever been presented, nothing seems more plau- sible than that parties of these soldiers, on discovering the fertility of these valleys, tarried long enough to test their fruitfulness, and afterward sent for their families or friends. (27) 28 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. It is fully evident from the foregoing that the whites had fastened themselves upon the country as early as 177-f, but there is no evi- dence at hand to prove that any fixed settlement was founded for the active development of the country until the advent of the Ohio Company. The close of the Revolutionary war, which proclaimed to the world a nation born and liberty triumphant, found the coun- try in an exhausted condition, and the people had little means, ei- ther for home comforts or to travel to unknown and far off lands. However, the recuperation of the population from the devastations of a seven-years' war was remarkable for its rapidity, and the desire to explore the then great unknown West became a consuming one. A government of peace, however, had to be founded, laws made, and all the machinery of law, order and the inalienable right of a few people was to be inaugurated that would secure a continuation ot that peace which had cost so much, and for a prosperity which was absolutely necessary to the welfare of* an impoverished people. This was the labor of years, yet the year 1787 saw the fruition of the work, and a glorious structure was reared which has stood the test of time, the assaults of a foreign foe and a civil strife unpar- alleled in the history of nations. Under the gegis of this law the pioneer left his New England home and planted the banner of civilization upon the boundary line of the great Northwest, and from there took up his line of march into the interior, blazing a pathway for others to follow, and, at times, leaving his body as a bloody offering upon the shrine of freedom, and the burning of his cabin a torch to light the footsteps of those who came after. All was not peace in the West when freedom sat enthroned on the Atlantic Coast. ' The Indians were not willing to give up their hunting grounds without a struggle, and bravely they repelled the pale faces. But destiny had decreed their doom, and the white man was master of the country. THE CONTROLLING SPIRITS. A few leading spirits, highly endowed with wisdom, endurance, and a spirit in which, through all the trials and troubles of a pioneer life, remained undaunted, organized for the purpose of settling this country, and took the form of an incorporated body by the name of the " Ohio Company." How they secured this land is a matter of record a few pages further along in this work. The purchase of the land, the contract, the confirmation of the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 29 same by Congress, with a copy of the first patent issued by George Washington, completes the entry of that company for the land, and it only became necessary to secure settlers to put themselves into possession of their landed estate. This estate was in part com- posed of Athens County and a part of Hocking and Yin ton coun- ties. The first settlement was at Marietta, on the river, while but a few weeks later Athens seems to have secured both a habitation and a name. Thus it was that Marietta and Washington County became the site of the first white settlement made in the territory of the Northwest, while Athens secured the right to be called the first inland town. GENERAL PUTNAM'S LETTER. In the summer of 1783 some 250 officers petitioned Congress for a grant of land in the Western country. General Putnam, who was himself personally interested in the measure, addressed a letter to Washington on the subject, setting forth the plan in detail, and requesting the latter to use his influence with Congress in favor of the grant. One of the most important suggestions in this letter of General Putnam's was the formation of townships six miles square, and the donation of 3,040 acres of land for the support of churches, schools, and the improvement of the highway. His suggestions were ap- proved, and he thus has the honor of being the father of these be- neficent measures. The townships of six miles square were decided upon, and in many of the States, the school sections of 640 acres, set apart in each township for school purposes, is this suggestion of General Putnam practically carried out. Not long after this a warm friend of General Putnam, General Benjamin Tupper, was appointed by Congress to survey the public lands in the West. This was the first step in the object of secur- ing the grant in which General Putnam and others were suc- cessful. THE INITIATORY STEPS. In the autumn of 1785 General Tupper started for the Northwest, intending to prosecute the land surveys of that region, but owing to Indian troubles, did not proceed further than the present site of Pittsburg. After the Indians had been temporarily quieted by treat}', Jan- uary, 1786, General Tupper made a second journey to the West in nisroKY OF HOCKING v \i 1 i v . the summer ol that year and completed, during the season, a Bur\ ej of most of the territory In this Beotion. At'u-r his^/S ^ \ isil i* 1 the Northwest, during the winter of 1 f8 i Y», General Tupper's mind was filled with the idea of removing to the Ohio country. Ho soon became thoroughly in earnest, and believing that liis friend General Putnam would approve his plans, visited him :it his residence in Rutland; and thus were brought ther again the two men who originated the idea of the famous Ohio Company. They discussed the subject of Western land and emigration thoroughly, and the result was a rail which was pub lished in the newspapers ofthe State, on the 25th of January, 1 786, It read: "The subscribers take this method to inform all officers and soldiers who have served in the late war, and who are, by a Late ordinanoe ofthe honorable Congress, to receh e certain tra< Land in the Ohio country, and also all other good citi ens who wish to become adventurers in that delightful region, that from personal inspection, together with other incontestable evidences, they are fully satisfied that the lands in thai quarter are of a much better quality than any other known to Now England people; that the climate, [seasons, products, etc., are, in fact, equal to t ho most (latter ing accounts that have ever been published of them; that being determined to become purchasers and to prosecute a sett ement in this country, and desirous ot forming a general association with those who entertain the same ideas, they hoc leave to propose the following plan, vis.: That an association by the name ot' .'" ( ■ ho formed of all such as wish to become purchase in that country who reside in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts onk. or to extend to the inhabitants ot' other States as shall bo agreed on. In order to bring such a company into es . the subscribers propose that all persons who wish to promote the Bclieme should meet in their respective counties at LO oVjIook i h on Wednesday the 1 5th da) of February next, and that each county meeting then assembledfchoose a delegate or delegates, to meet at the Bunch ot' Q-rapes Tavern in Boston on Wednesday, the first day ot' March next, at LO o'clock \. m.. then and then sider ami determine on a general plan ot' association tor said company; which plan, covenant, or agreement being published, any pe (under condition therein to ho provided) may, bj ribing his name, become a member ot' the company. ••lu ii s I Y r\ w." 1' x 111 \ \\ ITIK." msiVKY OF HOOKING V Ai i BY. The result of this call was a meeting of delegates, appointed by several oouut ■ Massachusetts, in Boston on March i. L7S0, These delegates wore Winthrop Sargent and John Miles, from Suf- folk County; Manasseh Cutler, from Essex; John Brooks and Thomas Cashing, from Middlesex; Benjamin Tuppor, from Hamp- shire; Crocker Sampson, from Plymouth; Rufus Putnam, from Worcester; John Patterson and Johvliel Woodbridge, from Berk- shire; ami Abraham Williams, from Barnstable. General Rnfus Putnam was of tlie meeting, and Major W n throp S it, Secretary Be mrnment of this meeting, wh i v\ \ followed ov a series of others, a commits Putnam, Cutler, Brooks, Sargent and Cnshing, was afl a plan \ nex n ee • .,. M Irafl was presented, ■. poi ion oi whicli read is ows : ■• Che design of this assoeiati a fund of continental ed to tlu -■■'.; lands e TVes to the United States apanyandto] tlement in tl r\\" CI e amount - '■■.-■ J ,000*000, - \ asive • ■. \ . \ 5 interest . - seb scpos •"■--» •-.- s of Congres s tan I was juuk I Samuel Parsons* . Steps ken until - 32 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. committee from Congress, then sitting at New York, was appointed to confer with him, and he, transcending his instructions, proposed a purchase of the Scioto Valley. The proprietors being dissatisfied with this procedure, appointed in his stead Major Sargent and Dr. Cutler to complete the purchase on the Muskingum. This was done, though the contract was not concluded until the follow- ing autumn. The contract is as follows: " Contract of the Ohio Company with the Board of Treasury. " The contract of the Ohio Company with the Honorable Board of Treasury of the United States of America made by the Rev. Mr. Manasseh Cutler and Mayor Winthrop Sargent, as agents for the directors of said company, at New York, Oct. 27, 1787: "This Indenture, made the 27th day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, between Samuel Osgood, Walter Livingston and Arthur Lee, Esquires, (the Board of Treasury for the United States of America), acting by and under the authority of the Honorable, the Congress of the said States of the one part, and Manasseh Cutler and Winthrop Sargent* both of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as agents for the directors of the Ohio Company ot Associates, so called, of the other part: "Whereas, the Congress of the United States afore- said, in and by their several resolutions and votes of the twenty- third and twenty- seventh days of July last past, did authorize and empower the Board of Treasury aforesaid to contract with any per- son or persons for a grant of the tract of land in the said resolutions mentioned, upon such terms and conditions, for such considera- tions and under such reservations, as in the said resolutions is ex- pressed. And, whereas, by virtue and in consequence of the said resolutions and votes, the said parties of the first part have con- tracted and agreed with the parties of the second part, agents as aforesaid, for a grant of the tract of land hereinafter mentioned. "JVbw, therefore this indenture witnesseth, That the said parties of the first part, in order to carry their said agreement, as far as possible, into effect, and for and in consideration of the sum of five hundred thousand dollars well and truly paid into the Treas- ury of the said United States by the said parties of the second part, before the ensealing and delivery of these presents, the receipt whereof the said Board of Treasury do hereby acknowledge, and do hereby, on the behalf of the said United States, acquit, release, exhonerate and forever discharge the said parties of the sec- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 33 ond part, and the said Ohio Company of Associates and every of them, their and every of their heirs, executors, administra- tors and assigns forever,' by these presents; and also in con- sideration of the further sum of live hundred thousand dol- lars, secured tobepaidas hereinafter is mentioned, have, in behalf of the said United States and the Congress thereof, covenanted and agreed, and do hereby covenantand agree, to and with the said parties of the second part, their heirs and assigns, that within one month of the payment of the said last mentioned sum of five hundred thousand dollars, in the manner hereinafter prescribed, a full and ample grant and conveyance shall be executed, in due form of law, under the seal of the said United States, whereby the people of the s^iid United States or the Congress thereof, or such officer or officers as shall be duly authorized for that purpose, shall grant, convey and assure to the said parties of the second parr, their heirs and assigns forever (as agents to 'he directors of, and in trust for the persons composing the said Oho C unpany of Associates, ac- cording to their several rights an ! interests under the said associa- tion), and to their heirs and assigns forever, as tenants in common, in fee simple, all that certain tract or parcel ofland, Beginning at the place where the western boundary line of the seventh range of town- ships, laid out by the authority of Congress, intersects the ( )hio, and extending thence along that river southwestwardly, to the place where the western line of the seventeenth range of townships, to he laid out according to the land ordinance of the 20th .May, 1785, would intersect the said river, and extending thence northerly on the western boundary line of the said seventeenth range of town- ships, so far that a line drawn due east to the western bound- ary line of the said seventh range of townships will, with the other lines of this tract, include one million and a half acres of land, besides the several townships, lots and parcels of land hereinafter mentioned, to he reserved or appropriated to spe- cific purposes; thence running east to the western bounds of the said seventh range of townships, and thence southerly along those bounds to the place of beginning ; with the rights, members and appurtenances thereof; which said tract of land shall he sur- veyed by the Geographer or some other officer of the said United States, to be authorized for that purpose, who shall plainly mark the said east and west line, and shall render one complete map or plat of the said tract to the Board of Treasury of the United States, for the time being, or such other parson as Congress may appoint. 3 34 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and another plat or map thereof to the said parties of the second part, their heirs and assigns: Provided always, and it is hereby expressly stipulated, That in the said grant, so to be executed as aforesaid, a proper clause or clauses shall or may be inserted for the purpose of reserving in each township, or fractional part of a town- ship, which, upon such surveys as hereinafter are mentioned, shall fall within the bounds of the tract, so to be granted as aforesaid, lot number sixteen, for the purposes mentioned in the said ordinance of the 20th of May, 1785 ; lot number twenty-nine to be appropri- ated to the purposes of religion ; and lots numbers eight, eleven and twenty-six for the use, and subject to the disposition of the Congress of theJUnited States ; and also reserving out of the said tract so to be granted, two complete townships to be given perpet- ually for the purposes of an university, to be laid off by the parties of the second part, their heirs or assigns, as near the center as may be, s<> that the same shall be of good land, to be applied to the in- tended object in such manner as the Legislature of the State wherein the said township shall fall, or may be situated, shall or may think proper to direct. And the said partiesof the second part do hereby for themselves, and the directors, and Ohio Company of Asso- ciates aforesaid, and every of them, and their and every of their heirs, executors, administrators and assigns, covenant and grant to and with the said parties of the first part, their heirs, executors and administrators (acting, as aforesaid, for and on behalf of the United States by virtue of the authority so as aforesaid to them delegated and assigned), that within the space of seven years, from and after the outlines of the said tract shall have been so, as aforesaid, run out by the Geographer, or other officer of the United States to be for that purpose appointed, and the plat thereof given as afore- said (if they are not prevented by incursions or opposition from the savages, or if they are so prevented then as soon as the same can be conveniently thereafter accomplished), the said directors and Ohio Company of Associates, or some of them, their or some of their heirs or assigns shall aud will cause the said tract of land to be surveyed, laid out and divided into townships, and fractional parts of townships, and also subdivide'! into lots, according to the directions and provisions of the land ordinance of the 20th of May, 1785, issued by Congress, and shall and will make, or cause to be made, complete returns of divisions and subdivisions to the Treasury Board of the United States, for the time being, or such other person or persons as Congress shall or may appoint. And, also, shall and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 35 will, within one month after the outlines of the said tract shall have been so, as aforesaid, surveyed, well and truly pay, or cause to be paid, into the Treasury of the said United States, the sum of $500,000 in gold or silver, or in securities of the said United States without fraud or farther delay. And, inasmuch as it was the true intent and meaning of the said parties to these presents, and of the Congress of the United States, that the said Ohio Company of Associates should immediately cultivate, if they thought proper, a part of the said tract of land, proportionable to the payment which they have so, as aforesaid, already made; and should have full security for the undisturbed enjoyment of the same. JVow, this indenture further witaesseth, That the said parties of the first part, by virtue of the power and authority to them given by Con- gress, as aforesaid, have covenanted, promised and agreed, and do hereby covenant, promise and agree, to and with the said parties of the second part, their heirs and assigns, that it shall and may be lawful for the said Ohio Company of Associates, so called, their heirs and assigns, to enter upon, take possession of, cultivate and improve, at their pleasure, all that certain tract or parcel of land, part of the tract hereinbefore described: Beginning at the place where the western boundary line of the seventh range of townships intersects the Ohio; thence extending along that river south- westerly to the place where the western boundary line of the fif- teenth range of townships, when laid out agreeable to the ordinance aforesaid, would touch the said river; thence running northerly on the western bounds of the said fifteenth range of townships, till a line drawn due east, the western boundary line of the said seventh range of townships, will comprehend, with the other boundary lines of this tract, 750,000 acres of land, besides the several lots and parcels of lands hereinafter mentioned to be reserved or appropria- ted to particular purposes; thence running east to the western boundary line of the said seventh range of townships, ami thence along the said line to the place of beginning; with the rights, members and appurtenances thereof, according to the terms of the said association. Reserving, always, and excepting out of the said tract last mentioned, and the permission to cultivate the same in eacli township and fractional part of a township which shall fall within the same, according to the land ordinance hereinbefore mentioned, lot number sixteen, for the purposes specified in the said ordinance; lot number twenty-nine for the purposes of relig- ion; lots numbers eight, eleven and twenty-six subject to the dis- 36 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. position of the Congress of the United States, and also reserving and excepting two complete townships for the purposes of an university, to be laid off in the manner hereinbefore mentioned, and to be applied in such manner to that object as the Legislature of the State wherein the said townships shall fall, or be situated, shall or may think proper or direct. And the said parties of the first part do hereby, for and on behalf of the said United States, promise and agree to and with the said parties of the second part, their heirs and assigns, that the said Ohio Company of Associates, their heirs and assigns, shall and may, from time to time, and at all times hereafter, freely and peaceably hold and enjoy the said last-mentioned tract of land, except the said lots and parcels of land and townships so, as aforesaid, excepted: Provided, That the covenants and agreements hereinbefore contained on the part of the said parties of the second part are observed, performed and fulfilled. And the said parties of the first part do hereby pledge the faith of the United States to the said parties of the second part, their heirs and assigns, and to the said Ohio Company of Associates, so-called, for the performance of all the grants, promises and agreements hereinbefore contained, which, on the part of the said parties of the first part, or of the said States, are or ought to be kept and performed. In witness whereof, the parties to these presents have inter- changeably set their hands and seals, and the said parties of the first part have caused their seal of office to be hereunto affixed, the day and year first hereinbefore mentioned. SAMUEL OSGOOD, [l. s.] MANASSEH CUTLEK, [l. s.] ARTHUR LEE, [l s.] WINTHROP SARGENT, [l. s.J There is also given here the act of Congress authorizing the dis- position of the land to the Ohio Company, and confirms its sale, and also the first patent to the company signed by Geo. Washing- ton and Thos. Jefferson. There were other patents granted, but not necessary to place here in full. AN ACT AUTHORIZING THE GRANT AND CONVEYANCE OF CERTAIN LANDS TO Till: OHIO COMPANY OF ASSOCIATKS. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That a cer- tain contract expressed in an indenture executed on the 27th day HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 37 of October, in the year one thousand seven hundred and eighty- seven, between the then Board of Treasury for the United States of America, of the one part, and Manasseh Cutler and Winthrop Sargent, as agents for the directors of the Ohio Company of Associates, of the other part, so far as the same respects the follow- ing described tract of land, that is to say: "Beginning at a sta- tion where the western boundary line of the seventh range of town- ships, laid out by the authority of the United States in Congress assembled, intersects the river Ohio; thence, extending along that river, southwesterly, to a place where the western boundary line of the fifteenth range of townships, when laid out agreeably to the land ordinance passed the twentieth of May, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-five, would touch the said river; thence running northerly on the said western bound of the said fifteenth range of townships, till a line drawn due east to the western boundary line of the said seventh range of townships will compre- hend with the other lines of this tract 750,000 acres of land, besides the several lots and parcels of land in the said contract reserved or appropriated to particular purposes; thence, running east, to the western boundary line of the said seventh range of townships, and thence along the said line to the place of begin- ning," be, and the same is hereby, confirmed: And that the Pres- ident of the United States be, and he hereby is, authorized and empowered to issue letters patent, in the name and under the seal of the United States, hereby granting and conveying to Rufus Putnam, Manasseh Cutler, Robert Oliver, and Griffin Green, and to their heirs and assigns, in fee simple, the said described tract of land, with the reservation in the said indenture expressed, in trust for the persons composing the said Ohio Company of Associates, according to their several rights and interests, and for their heirs and assigns, as tenants in common. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the President be, and he hereby is, further authorized and empowered, by letters patent as aforesaid, to grant and convey to the said Rufus Putnam, Manasseh Cutler, Robert Oliver and Griffin Green, and to their heirs and assigns, in trust, for the uses above expressed, one other tract of 214,285 acres of land: Provided, That Rufus Putnam, Manasseh Cutler, Robert Oliver and Griffin Green, or either of them, shall deliver to the Secretary of the Treasury, within six months, warrants which issued for army bounty rights sufficient for that purpose, according to the provision of a resolve of Con- 38 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. gress of the twenty- third day of July, one thousand seven hundred and eighty seven. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the President be, and he hereby is, further authorized and empowered, by letters patent as aforesaid, to grant and convey to the said Rufus Putnam, Ma- nasseh Cutler, Robert Oliver and Griffin Green, and to their heirs and assigns, in tee simple, in trust for the uses above expressed, a further quantity of one hundred thousand acres of land: Pro- vided always nevertheless, That the said grant of one hundred thousand acres shall be made on the express condition of becom- ing void, for such part thereof as the said company shall not have, within five years from the passing of this act, conveyed in fee sim- ple, as a bounty, and free of expense, in tracts of one hundred acres to each male person, not less than eighteen years of age, be- ing an actual settler at the time of such conveyance. Sec 4. And be it further enacted, That the said quantities of two hundred and fourteen thousand two hundred and eighty-five acres, and of one hundred thousand acres, shall be located within the limits of the tract of one million five hundred thousand acres of land, described in the indenture aforesaid, and adjoining to the tract of land described in the first section of this act, and in such form as the President, in the letters patent, shall prescribe for that purpose. Approved, April 21, 1792. Patent for 750,000 acres. In the name of the United States. To all lohom these presents may come. Know ye, that in pursuance of the act entitled "An Act au- thorizing the grant and conveyance of certain lands to the Ohio Company of Associates," I do hereby grant and convey to Rufus Putnam, Manasseh Cutler, Robert Oliver and Griffin Green, and to their heirs and assigns forever, the following described tract of land; that is to say, beginning at a station or point where the western boundary line of the seventh range of townships laid out by the authority of the United States in Congress assembled in- tersects the river Ohio; thence extending along that river south- westerly to a place where the western boundary line of the fifteenth range of townships when laid out agreeably to the land HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 39 ordinance passed the twentieth day of May, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-five, would touch the said river; thence run- ning northerly on the said western boundary of the said fifteenth range of townships till a line drawn due east to the western boundary line of the said seventh range of townships will compre- hend with the other lines of this tract herein specified and described, seven hundred and fifty thousand acres of land beside the several lots and parcels of land in a certain contract executed on the twenty-seventh day of October, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, between the then Board of Treasury for the United States of America of the one part, and Manasseh Cutler and Win- throp Sargent as agents for the directors of the Ohio Company of Associates of the other part, reserved or appropriated to partic- ular purposes; thence running east to the western boundary line of the said seventh range of townships, and thence along the said line to the place of beginning, which said tract contains as computed nine hundred and thirteen thousand eight hundred and eighty-three acres, subject, however, to the reservations expressed, in an indenture, executed on the twenty-seventh day of October in the year one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, between the then Board of Treasury for the United States of America of the one part, and Manasseh Cutler, and Winthrop Sargent, agents for the directors of the Ohio Company of Associates, of the other part: To have and hold the said described tract of land with the res- ervations aforesaid in the said indenture so expressed as aforesaid, to the said Rufus Putnam, Manasseh Cutler, Robert Oliver and Griffin Green, and to their heirs and assigns forerer, in trust for the persons composing the said Ohio Company of Associates, ac- cording to their several rights and interests, and for their heirs and assigns as tenants in common, hereby willing and directing these letters to be made patent. Given under my hand and the seal of the United States at the city of Philadelphia this tenth day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-two, and of Independence the sixteenth. Go. WASHINGTON. [ L. S. ] By the President : Th. Jefferson. 40 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. WISDOM AND HUMANITY. The selection of this section of country by the Ohio Company did not seem to some people of that'day to have been controlled by either reason or judgment, for the mineral wealth of the region was not known or even thought of. Yet reason guided them, and posterity blesses them for the wisdom of their choice. The lives ot the settlers were of the highest consideration to the Ohio Company, and while there might be more inviting fields, from an agricultural point of view, than the hills and valley of the great Hockhocking, there were none that combined so much safety from Indian raids and gave prospects of peace in the future. Then again Virginia had quite a number of settlements on its western border, and these, though some distance away, seemed like near neighbors, and, in case of disaster, a sure refuge. The valley, also, was but the continuation of others which led all the way from Lake Erie to the Ohio River, with but one or two dividing ridges. The valleys ot the Cuyahoga and the Muskingum rivers were but extensions of a natural line of communication between the great lakes and the Ohio, which some day would become a great highway of trade, and thus it has proved; and if the Ohio Company did not know of the inexhaustible mineral wealth of this valley or even as a future great highway of traffic and commerce, yet there was wisdom in their choice in what they did know, because humanity guided them and that humanity has received its reward in the productive capacity of the purchase a thousand fold, for Ohio has few, if any, more productive fields than the Hocking Valley. So humanity, the guide of honest and honorable men, has been added to by an abun- dance of wealth, and posterity blesses the men who preferred what many thought a barren land, rather than to sacrifice to their cupid- ity, or the merciless tribes of Indians, ever ready to carry out the hellish and cruel work, the men who became purchasers of their estate. And so to-day these barren hills are turning out large supplies of mineral products, and the rich valleys are teeming with stock and grain, and the then wilderness is now a land fair to look upon, and the home of a joyous, happy and contented people. They meant well, did these humane managers of the Ohio Company, but even they, in all their integrity and wisdom, built wiser than they knew. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 41 THE START. A meeting of the directors of the company at Brackett's Tavern, in Boston, Nov. 21. 1787, was held to consummate arrange- ments for forming a settlement, and an advanced expedition was decided upon, with General Putnam as its leader. The trades were represented in the company, for they proposed to bnild boats to aid in transportation down the Ohio River, the party of mechanics led under the charge of Major Hatfield White in December following, while the surveying party and some settlers, under General Putnam and Colonel Ebenezer Sproat, started in January, 17SS. They arrived at Sumrill's ferry in February. Having built their boats the party started down the river, April 2, with their baggage. ON TO ADELl'HIA. The flotilla was composed of one large boat, forty-five feet long and twelve wide, which was roofed over, and had an estimated capacity of fifty tons, a flat boat and three canoes. Laden with the emigrants, their baggage, surveying instruments, weapons, and effects, the little flotilla glided down the Youghiog- heny into the Monongahela, and finally out upon the broad bosom of the Ohio, which stream was to bear them to their new home. For several days and nights they pursued their solitary way, urged along only by the current of the beautiful river, whose banks gave no signs of civilized life, nor of welcome to the pioneers. Occa- sionally a flock of wild turkeys in the underbrush, or a startled deer, drinking at the water's edge, would draw the lire of the rifle- men from the boats; and now and then the dusky form of an Indian would be seen darting into the forest. But the emigrants met with no interruption, and on the fifth day reached their destination. On the 7th day of April, 1788, the company of adventurers landed at Fort Harmer, on the right bank of the Muskingum River, and near its month. These were the founders of Marietta, and t'r >m the day of their arrival, as above noted, may be said that Ohio dates her existence. The following were their names: General Rufus Putnam, Superintendent; Colonel Ebenezer Sproat, Colonel R. J. Meigs, Major Anselra Tupper, and Mr. John Matthews, Surveyors; Major Hatfield White, Steward and Quartermaster; Captain Jonathan Devol, Captain Josiah Munroe, 42 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Captain Daniel Davis, Peregrine Foster, Captain Jethro Putnam, Captain William Gray, Joseph Wells, Gilbert Devol, Jr., Israel Danton, Jonas Davis, Theophilus Leonard, Joseph Lincoln, Will- iam Miller, Earl Sproat, Josiah White, Allen Devol, Henry Maxon, William Maxon, William Moulton, Edmund Moulton, Simeon Martin, Benjamin Shaw, Peletiah White, Josiah Whit- ridge, John Gardiner, Benjamin Griswold, Elizur Kirkiand, Sam- uel Cushing, Oliver Dodge, Isaac Dodge, Jabez Barlow, Daniel Bushnell, Ebenezer Corry, Phineas Coburn, Allen Putnam, David Wallace, Captain Ezekiel Cooper, Jervis Cutler, Samuel Felshaw, Hezekiah Flint, Hezekiah Flint, Jr., and Amos Porter. The party at once commenced a settlement, and a town was laid out. The embryo city at the mouth of the Muskingum was named Adelphia; the "college bred " members of the little com- munity coming to the front got in their work. They followed this up by calling the largest public square a Quadranaon, and the smaller one the Capltolium. The wide road, leading up from the river landing to the square, was named Sacra via, and the fort, with its inclosure of block-houses, etc., was called Campus Martius. At a meeting of the directors held July 2, 1788, which was the first convened west of the mountains, the name of the city was changed to Marietta, in honor Marie Antoinette, Queen of France. Thus by a fortunate change of name, the city of Mari- etta managed to live and prosper, but it was a narrow escape. Washington County was organized in 1788, and it had something of a territory, comprising, as it did, nearly half of the present commonwealth. A TERRIBLE AWAKENING. For a while peace and prosperity had been the lot of the white settlers, and they had been spreading their cabins into the interior, until at last they aroused the red man to a sense of his danger in being dispossessed of his hunting grounds. Then again tin; fron- tiersmen, those who in a measure made hunting their occupation, had the impression that an Indian, like a wild beast, was game, and he was generally killed on sight. The Indians were by no means backward in retaliation, and the scalp of a hunter was something they considered a legitimate trophy, and a great one if the hunter was a good fighter. Of course this state of affairs was bound to breed trouble, and when in addition to this the pale faces overran their lands or hunting grounds, they determined upon HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 43 driving them out of the country. The result was a general rising, in which the shriek of their victims and the light of their burning cabins called upon the Government for immediate action. THE INDIAN WAR. Peace overtures having failed and the Indians aggressive to a mur- derous degree, General Harmer was directed to attack their towns. In September, 1790, with 1,300 men, he marched from Cincinnati through the wilderness to the Indian villages on the Miami, which he burned. On his homeward inarch he was attacked by a superior force of savages, and, after a desperate battle, was totally defeated. General Harmer was barely able to make good his retreat to Cin- cinnati. His expedition was a failure and gave the Iudians re- newed courage and hope. From this time there were four years of uninterrupted war with the Indians, and sad indeed was the condition of the settlers. Wherever the settlements extended, the whole frontier was lighted by the names of burning cabins and destruction of improvements. An attack was made on the settlement at Big Bottom, in Washing- ton County, on the Muskingum River, Jan. 2, 1791, characterized by the usual horrible features of stealth and sudden surprise by the savages, of quick massacre and scalping of the victims, and of hasty retreat into the wilderness. In tiiis attack twelve persons were killed and five carried into captivity. st. clalr's defeat. Governor St. Clair was placed in command of a second expedi- tion against the Indians on a larger scale than the first one. He marched against the Indians who were prepared to meet him, and attacked his force with great fury on the morning of the 4th of No- vember, 1791, and totally defeated it. This called for another change of commanders, and General Anthony Wayne was ap- pointed to the command. He arrived at Cincinnati in the spring of 1793, and the work of organizing a third army was commenced. In July, 1794, with a force of about 3,500 men, he marched against the Indians. They had collected their whole force, amounting to about 2,000 men, at the Maumee rapids. Wayne encountered the Indians on the 20th of August. The battle which ensued resulted in the utter defeat of the Indians, and was their downfall in the Northwestern Territory. Wayne followed up his victory, and gath- ered all its fruits. He burned their villages, destroyed their grow- 44 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ing crops, and laid waste their whole country. Forte were erected in the heart of their territory, and they were made to feel, as they had never felt before, the energy and power of the Government. Convinced, at last, of their inability to maintain the contest, or resolved, perhaps, to accept their inevitable doom, they sued for peace. A general council was convened at Greenville (now in Darke County), at which General Wayne represented the United States, and the following tribes were represented by their chiefs, viz.: the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanese, Ottawas, Chippewas, Pottawat- omies, Miamis, Eel-Rivers, Kickapoos, Weeas, Pinkashaws and Kaskaskias. By the treaty here made, Aug. 3, 1795, it was de- clared that " henceforth all hostilities shall cease ; peace is hereby established and shall be perpetual ; and a friendly intercourse shall take place between the said United States and Indian tribes." The tomahawk was buried, the Indians gave up their ancient hunt- ing grounds and the graves of their fathers, and the white man's title to the lands of Ohio was never again seriously contested. THE TWO SURVEYS. The committee appointed by the Ohio Company to examine the Hocking Valley made the following report Dec. 8, 1795: "We, the subscribers, being appointed a committee by a resolve of the agents of the Ohio Company of the 9th of Nov. 1790, and for the purpose expressed in said resolve, but being prevented from attending to that business by the Indian war until a treaty took place, since which (in company with Jeftery Matthewson, a surveyor appointed by the superintendent of surveys) having measured and very minutely examined the lands up the Ilock- hocking, report that in range XIV., township 10, the following lots or mile squares, viz : Nos. 13, 19, 20, 25, 31 and 32;— range 15, township 12, lots 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 17, 23, 24, 30, 35 and 36; — range 16, township 13, Nos. 13, 14, 20, 21, 26, 27, 28, 33 and 34, we find are suitable to be laid out into fifth division lots. Hav- ing also examined and surveyed the land at the mouth of the Great Hockhocking we find it very suitable for house lots accord- ing to map, etc." i Jno. Devol, Signed, < Rob't Oliver, ( Haffield White, Committee. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 45 The above sections covered most of the river bottom and adja- cent upland in Dover and York townships of Athens County, and Green Township of Hocking County. The two townships, Nos. 8 and 9, — Athens and Alexander, — appropriated by the Ohio Company for the benefit of a university, were located about the same time the above report was made, but by another party. The survey of these lands was made under the personal supervision of General Putnam in 1796 and was, said Ephraim Cutler, "one of the favorite portions of the hunting grounds of the Indians" and upon their surrender to the whites after the disastrous defeat of " Mad Anthony" Wayne, was closed to them forever. In the early part of 1797 a considerable number of emigrants had arrived at Marietta,eager to obtain lands on the most favorable conditions, and were induced by General Putnam to come to these college lands. Among these were Alvan Bingham, Silas Bingham, Isaac Barker, William Harper, John Wilkins, Robert Linzee, Edmund, William and Barak Dorr, John Chandler and Jonathan Watkins. They made their way down the Ohio and up the Hock- hocking in large canoes early in the year 1797. Having ascended as far as the attractive bluff where the town of Athens now stands, they landed and sought their various locations. A few of them fixed on the site of the present town, but most of them scattered up and down the adjacent bottoms. The surrounding country was then covered with dense forests. The bluff and bottoms were heavily timbered with hickory, walnut, ash, poplar, and other trees, indicative of good soil; while the course of the tortuous Hockhocking was marked as far as the view extended by the gigantic sycamores that grew thick set and lofty along its edge. Hunting parties continued to traverse these hills and valleys, embracing the land watered by Raccoon, Monda}% Sunday and the heads of Federal Creek. According to Mr. Cutler the buffalo and the elk were exterminated about the year 1780. A young buffalo, believed to be the last seen in this part of the country, was capt- ured a few miles west of Athens, on a branch of Raccoon, in the spring of 1799, brought to the settlement, and reared by a domes- tic cow. The bears continued in considerable abundance until the last great hunt of the Indians in the winter of lSlO-'ll. That winter was a favorable season for them to effect the object they seemed to have in view, which was to destroy the game, the weather being ^ 46 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. cold, with several falls of snow. The carcasses of many deer were found in the woods bordering on the settlements in Washington and Athens counties, which appeared to be wantonly destroyed by the savages. The pioneers soon opened up several clearings about Athens, and the echo of their axes was the first sound of civilized industry heard in all this region. The clearings, however, were irregular and scattered, and no effort was made, as yet, to lay out a town. Early in 1798 a number of emigrants arrived, among whom were Solomon Tuttle, Christopher Stevens, John and Moses Hewitt, Cornelius Moore, Joseph Snowden, John Simonton, Robert Ross, the Brookses and the Hanings. Some of these had families. Some settled in Athens and some in Alexander Township. Mrs. Mar- garet Snowden, wife of Joseph Suowden, was honored by having "Margaret's Creek" named, after her, she being the first white woman who reached this central point in the county. For the enforcement of laws and preservation of order, Alvan Bingham had been commissioned a Magistrate, and his brother, Silas, a Deputy Sheriff. One of their most difficult duties was to prevent illegal entries and occupations of land by new comers; but this, and their other duties, sometimes delicate and accompanied with danger, they discharged with firmness and general acceptance. Ephraim Cutler, who came in a little later than the Binghams, and settled in Ames Township, was also a Magistrate, and in a cer- tain class of land cases, which required two magistrates and a jury, he and Judge Bingham held court together. In those early times. notwithstanding the primitive state of society, the judges had proper ideas of the sanctity of law and the dignity of a court. It is re- lated that at one of these trials of forcible entry, the leaders of the disorderly class came forward and threatened violence ; the magis- trates ordered them to leave the room, which they did, but utter- ing threats to put a stop to such courts. The judges, determined to vindicate their judicial dignity, instantly issued warrants, and ordered the sheriff to arrest the parties immediately, and take them to Marietta. They were arrested accordingly, and it is not easy to conceive of men more frightened ; the idea of being taken to .Ma- rietta, to be tried by a court that had established a reputation throughout the territory for rirmness and strict justice, filled them with terror. Silas Bingham (who, to great shrewdness and dispatch in business, united an unconquerable humor) did nothing to allay their fears, but told them the better wav would be to come into HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. -±7 court, and, on their knees , ask forgiveness and promise amend- ment. The ringleader of the offending party replied that "it was too bad to be compelled to kneel down and ask forgiveness of two Buckeye justices ;" but he concluded to submit, rather than be taken to Marietta, and the penitential ceremony was accordingly performed. During the first year of the county, the court was held in a private house, obtained for the occasion. In Decem- ber. 1806, Silas Bingham was allowed $12 for the use of a room occupied by the courts during that ye;ir, and an allowance of $6 was made by the county commissioners to " Edmund Dorr and Barak Dorr, for guarding and victualing John Farmer one month." The two Binghams, Judge Alvan and his brother Silas, were natives of Litchtield County, Conn., and had both served in the Revolutionary army. The former was a man of strong com- mon sense, and his judicial mind and well-trained conscience ad- mirably qualified him for the position of judge, which he filled for many years. He is said to have been a person of quiet and dig- nified manners, stern and uncompromising in his sense of right. Silas was " full of anecdote and humor, social and kind in his feel- ings, a man of excellent sense, and a terror to evil doers." The promptness with which these men acted in enforcing the laws had the effect to rid the settlement of nearly all disorderly persons. Alvan Bingham was the first Treasurer of Athens County, and Silas was for several years a Constable. One of the greatest troubles that the pioneers had to contend with was the extreme scarcity of salt, and the high price of that essential article often caused severe privation. At the time of the first settlement of Athens and Ames, it was sold for $6 a bushel, and had to be packed on horseback a great distance. As early as* 1788, when the first colony arrived at Marietta, it had been rumored that salt springs existed on a stream, since called Salt Creek, which flows into the Muskingum River, near Duncan's Falls, Muskingum County, and even during the Indian War a party was sent up the river from Marietta to search for them. The exploration was made at great risk, but the springs were not found. White men, held as prisoners by the Indians, had seen them make salt at these springs, and had noted their locality. An accurate description of the country having been gained from these persons, another exploring party of hunters and experienced woodsmen was sent out, a year or two later, to find the springs. This tim£ they were successful, and brought back with them a small supply 48 HISTORY OF HOCKINO VALLET. of the precious article. In 1796 a joint stock company was formed of fifty shareholders, at $1.50 each, making a capital of $75, with the object of buying castings, erecting a furnace, and manufacturing salt. Twenty-four kettles were bought at Pittsburg, and transported by water to Duncan's Falls, and thence, on pack-horses, to the salt springs, seven miles further. A. well was dug. near the edge of the stream, about fifteen feet deep, to the bed rock, through the crevices of which the salt water oozed and rose, though not very abundantly. The trunk of a hollow sycamore tree was fixed in the well to exclude the fresh water. A furnace was built, of two ranges with twelve kettles each. The water was raised from the well by a sweep and pole. The company was divided into ten sections of five men each, who worked in turns for two weeks at a time, and the works were thus kept in operation day and night, the men standing regular watches. They were thus able to make about 100 pounds of salt in twenty- four hours, using about 1,600 gallons of water. This was the first attempt t> manufacture salt in Ohio, and the product was. a very inferior and costly article. For several years all of the salt used by the pioneers of the Hocking Valley was brought from these works, and afterward from the Scioto salt licks, in Jackson County, on pack-horses. Yet time changes all things, and the primitive modes of early days gave way to the inventive genius of the people, but the pioneer days were full of incidents in the strug- gle of life, and the progress of civilization at the hands of the pio- neers are here recorded. CHAPTER III. THE TRIALS AND TRIBULATIONS, CABINS AND COMFORTS OF EARLY DATS. Pioneer Life — The Log Cabin — Cooking — Dress, etc — Family Worship — Hospitality — Trade and Barter — Hog Killing — Native Animals — "Wolf Hunts — Education — Rather Long- drawn-out Spelling and Singing Schools— On Their Guard— The Bright Side — A Touch of Pioneer Life Given — How the Pioneers Advanced Civilization — Women Pioneers. pioneer life. The pioneers of Ohio, especially those who settled in the Ohio, Valley and its tributary streams, like the Scioto, Muskingum- Hocking, came generally from the older States which were upon the border, like Pennsylvania and Kentucky, but not a few found their way from the Eastern, or North Atlantic, States. There is little difference in pioneer life even at this day. It is the poor and hard- working element that seek a home in a new country as a general thing, and at this day especially, very few who enjoy the comforts of civilization, of churches, schools, railroads and telegraph, and are able to remain will leave for a residence in the wilds of the West. The exceptions to these are those who may be in fair cir_ cumstances, but have large families, who are willing to give up their comforts for the better providing for the future of their children. Thus we find the pioneer generally poor but robust, with an energy which labor increases, and with an endurance that seems to baffle all opposing forces. Poor in purse, but rich in faith, he tackles the wilderness, and it blossoms like the rose. He has reached his location in the West and he at once com- mences the erection of his LOG CABIN, a description of which may not be uninteresting to the present readers while it will be of profound interest to the generations yet to come, who will be so far removed from pioneer life as to wonder over the primitive styles and habits of long ago. Very few of these old-time structures are now to be seen, but here is their mode of building. 4 49 50 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Trees of uniform size were chosen and cut into logs of the de- sired length, generally twelve to fifteen feet, and hauled to the spot selected for the future dwelling. On an appointed day the few neighbors who were available would assemble and have a " house- raising." Each end of every log was saddled and notched so that they would lie as close down as possible; the next day the pro- prietor would proceed to " chink and daub " the cabin, to keep out the rain, wind and cold. The house had to be re-daubed every fall, as the rains of the intervening time would wash out a great part of the mortar. The usual height of the housa was seven or eight feet. The gables were formed by shortening the logs gradually at each end of the building near the top. The roof was made by laying very straight small logs or stout poles suitable distances apart, generally about two and a half feet, from gable to gable, and on these poles were laid the " clapboards " after the manner of shingling, showing about two and a half feet to the weather. These clapboards were fastened to their place by " weight poles," cor- responding in place with the joists just described, and these again were held in their place by "runs" or "knees," which were chunks of wood about eighteen or twenty inches long fitted be- tween them near the ends. Clapboards were made from the nicest oaks in the vicinity, by chopping or sawing them into four-foot blocks and riving these with a frow, which was a simple blade fixed at right angles to its handle. This was driven into the blocks of wood by a mallet. As the frow was wrenched down through the wood, the latter was turned alternately over from side to side, one end being held by a forked piece of timber. The chimney to the Western pioneer's cabin was made by leaving in the original building a large open place in one wall, or by cut- ting one after the structure was up, and by building on the out side from the ground up, a stone column, or a column of sticks and mud, the sticks being laid up cob-house fashion. The fire- place thus made was often large enough to receive fire-wood six to eight feet long. Sometimes this wood, especially the " back-log," would be nearly as large as a saw-log. The more rapidly the pioneer could burn up the wood in his vicinity the sooner he had his little farm cleared and ready for cultivation. For a window, a piece about two feet long was cut out of one of the wall logs, and the hole closed sometimes by glass, but generally with greased paper. Even greased deer-hide was sometimes used. A doorway was cut through one of the walls if a saw was to be had; otherwise HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 51 the door would be left by shortened logs in the original building. The door was made by pinning clapboards to two or three wood bars, and was hung upon wooden hinges. A wooden latch, with catch, then finished the door, and the latch was raised by any one on the outside by pulling a leather string. For security at night this latch-string was drawn in; but for friends and neighbors, and even strangers, the " latch-string was always hanging out," as a welcome. In the interior, over the fire-place would be a shelf, called " the mantel," on which stood the candle-stick or lamp, some cooking and table ware, possibly an old clock, and other articles; in the fire-place would be the crane, sometimes of iron, sometimes of wood; on it the pots were hung for cooking; over the door, in forked cleats, hung the ever trustful rifle and powder horn ;in one cor- ner stood the larger bed for the " old folks " and under it the trun- dle-bed for the children; in another stood the old-fashioned spinning-wheel, with a smaller one by its side; in another the heavy table, the only table, of course, there was in the house; in the remaining corner was a rude cupboard holding the table-ware, which consisted of a few cups and saucers and blue-edged plates, standing singly on their edges against the back, to make the dis- play of table furniture more conspicuous; while around the room were scattered a few splint-bottomed or Windsor chairs and two or three stools. These simple cabins were inhabited by a kind and true-hearted people. They were strangers to mock modesty, and the traveler, seeking lodgings for the night, or desirous of spending a few days in the community,if willing to accept the rude oftering,was always welcome, although how thej r were disposed of at night the reader might not easily imagine; for, as described, a single room was made to answer for kitchen, dining-room, sitting-room, bed-room and parlor, and many families consisted of six or eight members. SLEEPING ACCOMMODATIONS. The bed was very often made by fixing a post in the floor about six feet from one wall and four feet from the adjoining wall, and fastening a stick to this post about two feet above the floor, on each of two sides, so that the other end of each of the two sticks could be fastened in the opposite wall; clapboards were laid across these, and thus the bed was made complete. G-uests were given this bed, while the family disposed of themselves in another corner 52 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. of the room, or in the " loft." When several guests were on hand many ingenious ways were resorted to for the accommodation of the weary traveler. COOKING. The pioneer women had very few conveniences which now adorn the kitchens of to-day. The range or stove was then unknown, but the large fire-place was fitted with a crane and a supply of hooks of different lengths, and from one to four pots could be hung over the fire at once. Then the long-handled frying-pan, the bake- pan, the Dutch-oven, and along about 1830 came the tin bake- oven. With these the pioneer women did their hot, laborious work. But they knew how to cook. The bread and the biscuit of those days have not been improved upon. A better article for baking batter-cakes was the cast-iron spider or Dutch skillet. The best thing for baking bread those days, and possibly even yet in these latter days, was the flat-bottomed bake kettle, of greater depth, with closely fitting cast-iron cover, and commonly known as the "Dutch-oven." With coals over and under it, bread and biscuit would quickly and nicely bake. Turkey and spare-ribs were sometimes roasted before the fire, suspended by a string, a dish being placed underneath to catch the drippings. Hominy and samp were very much used. The hominy, how- ever, was generally hulled corn — boiled corn from which the hull, or bran, had been taken by hot lye; hence sometimes called "lye hominy." True hominy and samp were made of pounded corn. A popular method of making this, as well as real meal for bread, was to cut out or burn a large hole in the top of a huge stump, in the shape of a mortar, and pounding the corn in this by a maul or beetle suspended on the end of a swing pole, like a well-sweep. This and the well-sweep consisted of a pole twenty to thirty feet long fixed in an upright fork so that it could be worked " teeter " fashion. It was a rapid and simple way of drawiug water. When the samp was sufficiently pounded it was taken out, the bran floated off, and the delicious grain boiled like rice. The chief articles of diet in early day were corn bread, hominy or samp, venison, pork, honey, beans, pumpkin (dried pumpkin for more than half the year), turkey, prairie chicken, squirrel and some other game, with a few additional vegetables a portion of the year. Wheat bread, tea, coffee and fruit were luxuries not to be indulged in except on special occasions, as when visitors were present. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 53 WOMEN'S WORK. Besides cooking in the manner described, the women bad many otber arduous duties to perform, one of the chief of which was spinning. The "big wheel ? ' was used for spinning, yarn, and the "'little wheel" for spinning flax. These stringed instruments furnished the principal music of the family, and were operated by our mothers and grandmothers with great skill, attained without pecuniary expense and with far less -practice than is necessary for the girls of our period to acquire a skillful use of their costly and elegant instruments. But those wheels, indispensable a few years ago, are all now superseded by the mighty factories which over- spread the country, furnishing cloth of all kinds at an expense ten times less than would be incurred now by the old system. The loom was not less necessary than the wheel, though they were not needed in so great numbers. Not every house had a loom ; one loom had a capacity for the needs of several families. Settlers, having succeeded in spite of the wolves in raising sheep, com- menced the manufacture of woolen cloth; wool was carded and made into rolls by hand-cards, and the rolls were spun on the " big wheel." We still occasionally find in the houses of old settlers a wheel of this kind, sometimes used for spinning and twisting stocking yarn. They are turned with the hand, and with such velocity that it will run itself, while the nimble worker, by her backward step, draws out and twists her thread nearly the whole length of the cabin. A common article woven on the loom was linsey, or linsey-woolsey, the chain being linen and the filling woolen. This cloth was used for dresses for the women and girls. Nearly all the clothes worn b} 7 the men were also home-made; rarely was a farmer or his son seen in a coat made of any other. If, occasionally, a young man appeared in a suit of " boughten " clothes, he was suspected of having gotten it for a particular occa- sion, which occurs in the life of nearly every young man. DRESS AND MANNERS. The dress, habits, etc., of a people throw so much light upon their conditions and limitations that in order better to show the circumstances surrounding the people of the State, a short exposi- tion of the manner of life at different epochs is here given. The Indians themselves are credited by Charlevoix with being "very laborious ,, — raising poultry, spinning the wool of the buffalo, and 54 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. manufacturing garments therefrom. These must have been, how- ever, more than usually favorable representatives of their race. Dressed deer-skins and blue cloth were worn commonly in the winter for pantaloons. The blue handkerchief and the deer-skin mocassins covered the head and feet generally. In 1800 scarcely a man thought himself clothed unless he had a belt tied round his blanket coat, and on one side was hung the dressed skin of a pole- cat filled with tobacco, pipe, flint and steel. On the other side was fastened, under the belt, the butcher knife. Among the Americans home-made wool hats were the common wear. Fur hats were not common, and scarcely a boot was seen. The covering of the feet in winter was chiefly mocassins made of deer-skins and shoe-packs of tanned leather. Some wore shoes, but not common in very early times. In the summer the greater portion of the young people, male and female, and many of the old, went barefoot. The substantial and universal outside wear was the blue linsey hunting shirt. This was an excellent garment. It was made of wide sleeves, open before, with ample size so as to envelop the body almost twice around. Sometimes it had a large cape, which answered well to save the shoulders from the rain. A belt was mostly used to keep the garment close around the person, and, nevertheless, there was nothing tight about it to hamper the body. It was often fringed, and at times the fringe was composed of red and other gay colors. The belt, frequently, was sewed to the hunting shirt. The vest was mostly made of striped linsey. The colors were often made with alum, copperas and madder, boiled with the bark of trees, in snch a manner and proportions as the old ladies prescribed. The pantaloons of the masses were gener- ally made of deer-skin and linsey. Linsey, neat and fine, manufactured at home, composed generally the outside garments of the females as well as the males. The ladies had linsey colored and woven to suit their fancy. A bonnet, composed of calico or some gay goods, was worn on the head when they were in the open air. Jewelry on the pioneer ladies was un- common ; a gold ring was an ornament not often seen. In 1820 a change of dress began to take place, and before 1830, according to Ford, most of the pioneer costume had disappeared. " The blue linsey hunting shirt, with red or white fringe, had given place to the cloth coat. [Jeans would be more like the fact.] The raccoon cap, with the tail of the animal dangling down behind, had been thrown aside for hats of wool or fur. Boots and shoes had HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 55 superseded the deer-skin mocassins ; and the leather breeches, strap- ped tight around the ankle, had disappeared before unmentionables of a more modern material. The female sex had made still greater progress in dress. The old sort of cotton or woolen frocks, spun, woven and made with their own fair hands, and striped and cross- barred with blue dye and Turkey red, had given place to gowns of silk and calico. The feet, before in a state of nudity, now charmed in shoes of calf-skin or slippers of kid ; and the head, formerly un- bonneted,but covered with a cotton handkerchief, now displayed the charms of the female face under many forms of bonnets of straw, silk and Leghorn. The young ladies, instead of walking a mile or two to church on Sunday, carrying their shoes and stockings in their hands until within a hundred yards of the place of worship, as formerly, now come forth arrayed complete in all the pride of dress, mounted on fine horses and attended by their male admirers. " The chronicler of to-day, looking back to the golden days of 1830 to 1840, and comparing them with the present, must be struck with the tendency of an almost monotonous uniformity in dress and manners that comes from the easy inter-communication afforded by steamer, railway, telegraph and newspaper. Home manu- facturers have been driven from the household by lower-priced fabrics of distant mills. The Kentucky jeans and the copperas- colored clothing of home manufacture, so familiar a few years ago, have given place to the cassimeres and cloths of noted factories. The ready-made clothing stores, like a touch of nature, made the whole world kin, and may drape the charcoal man in a dress- coat and a stove-pipe hat. The dress goods of England and France give a variety of choice and assortment of colors and shades such as the pioneer woman could hardly have dreamed of. Godey and Demorest and Harper's Bazar are found in our modern farm-houses, and the latest fashions of Paris are not uncommon. FAMILY WORSHIP. The ministers in pioneer settlements at that early day seemed more demonstrative in their devotions than at the present time. In those days, too, pulpit oratory was generally more eloquent and effective, while the grammatical dress and other "worldly" accom- plishments were not so assiduously cultivated as at present. But in the manner of conducting public worship there has probably not been so much change as in that of family worship, or " family prayers, " as it was often called. We had then most emphatically 56 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. an American edition of that pious old Scotch practice so eloquently described in Bnrns's "Cotter's Saturday Night: " The cheerful' supper done, wi' serious face They round the ingle formed a circle wide ; The sire turns o'er, wi' patriarchal grace, The big ha' Bible, ance his father's pride; His bonnet rev'rently is laid aside, His lyart haffets wearing thin and bare ; Those strains that once did sweet in Zion glide; He wales a portion with judicious care, And " let us worship God, " he says with solemn air. They chant their artless notes in simple guise ; They tune their hearts, — by far the noblest aim ; Perhaps " Dundee's" wild warbling measures rise, Or plaintive " Mart} r rs, " worthy of the name ; Or noble " Elgin " beats the heavenward flame, — The sweetest far of Scotia's hallowed lays. Compared with these, Italian trills are tame ; The tickled ear no heart-felt raptures raise : Nae unison hae they with our Creator's praise. The priest-like father reads the sacred page, — How Abraham was the friend of God on high, H: * * * * * Then kneeling down to heaven's Eternal King The saint, the father and the husband prays ; Hope "springs exulting on triumphant wing," That thus they all shall meet in future days ; There ever bisk in uncreated rays, No more to sigh or shed the bitter tear. Together hymning their Creator's praise, In such society, yet still more dear, While circling time moves round in an eternal sphere. Once or twice a day, in the morning, just before breakfast, or in the evening, just before retiring to rest, the head of the family would call those around him to order, read a chapter in the Bible, announce the hymn and tune by commencing to sing it, when all would join ; then he would deliver a most fervent prayer. If a pious guest was present he would be called on to take the lead in all the exercises of the evening; and if in those days a person who prayed in the family or in public did not pray as if it were his very last on earth, his piety was thought to be defective. The familiar tunes of that day are remembered by the surviving old settlers as being to them more spiritual and inspiring than those of the present day, such as. Bourbon, Consolation, China, Canaan, Conquering Soldier, Devotion, Davis, Fiducia, Funeral Thought, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 57 Florida, Golden Hill, Greenfields, Ganges, Kentucky, Lenox, Mear, New Orleans, Northfield, New Salem, Olney, Primrose, Pisgah, Pleyel's Hymn, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Reflection, SuDplica- tion, Salvation, St. Thomas, Salem, Windham. Greenville, etc., etc. HOSPITALITY. The traveler always found a welcome at the pioneer's cabin. It was never full. Although there might be already a guest for every puncheon, there was still "room for one more," and a wider circle would be made for the new-comer at the log fire. If the stranger was in search of land, he was doubly welcome, and his host would volunteer to show him all the " first-rate claims in this neck of woods," going with him for days, showing the corners and advan- tages of every " Congress tract" within a dozen miles of his cabin. To his neighbors the pioneer was equally liberal. If a deer was killed, the choicest bits were sent to his nearest neighbor, a half- dozen miles away, perhaps. When a "shoat" was butchered, the same custom prevailed. If a newcomer came in too late for " crop- ping," the neighbors would supply his table with just the same luxuries they themselves enjoyed, and in as liberal quantity, until a crop could be raised. When a new-comer had located his claim, the neighbors for miles around would assemble at the site of his proposed cabin and aid him in " gittin'" it up. One party with axes would cut down the trees and hew the logs ; another with teams would haul the logs to the ground ; another party would "raise" the cabin ; while several of the old men would " rive the clapboards " for the roof. By night the little forest domicile would be up and ready for a "house-warming," which was the dedicatory occupation of the house, when music and dancing and festivity would be enjoyed at full height. The next day the new arrival would be as well situated as his neighbors. An instance of primitive hospitable manners will be in place here. A traveling preacher arrived in a distant neighborhood to fill an appointment. The house where services were to be held did not belong to a church member, but no matter for that. Boards were raked up from all quarters with which to make temporary seats,' one of the neighbors volunteering to lead off in the work, while the man of the house, with the faithful rifle on his shoulder, sallied forth in quest of meat, for this truly was a "ground-hog" case, the preacher coming and no meat in the house. The host ceased not the chase until he found the meat, in the shape of a 58 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. deer; returning, he sent a boy out after it, with directions on what " pint " to find it. After services, which had been listened to with rapt attention by all the audience, mine host said to his wife: " Old woman, I reckon this 'ere preacher in pretty hungry and you must git him a bite to eat." " What shall I git him ? " asked the wife, who had not seen the deer; " thar's nuthin' in the house to eat. " " Why, look thar," returned he; " thar's a deer, thar's plenty of corn in the field; you git some corn and grate it while I skin the deer, and we'll have a good supper for him." It is needless to add that venison and corn bread made a supper fit for any pioneer preacher, and was thankfully eaten. TRADE. In pioneer times the transactions of commerce were generally carried on by neighborhood exchanges. Now and then a farmer would load a flat-boat with beeswax, honey, tallow and peltries, with perhaps a few bushels of wheat or corn or a few hundred clap- boards, and float down the rivers into the Ohio and thence to New Orleans, where he would exchange his produce for substantials in the shape of groceries and a little ready mone}\ with which he would return by some one of the two or three steamboats then run- ning. Betimes there appeared at the best steamboat landings a number of "middle men" engaged in the "commission and for- warding " business, buying up the farmers' produce and the tro- phies of the chase and the trap, and sending them to the various distant markets. Their winter's accumulations would be shipped in the spring, and the manufactured goods of the far East or dis- tant South would come back in return; and in all these transac- tions scarcely any money was seen or used. Goods were sold on a year's time to the farmers, and payment made from the proceeds ot the ensuing crops. When the crops were sold and the merchant satisfied, the surplus was paid out in orders on the store to labor- ing men and to satisfy other creditors. When a day's work was done by a working man, his employer would ask, "Well, what store do you want your order on? " The answer being given, the order was written and always cheerfully accepted. MONEY. Money was an article little known and seldom seen among the earlier settlers. Indeed, they had but little use for it, as they could transact all their business about as well without it, on the " barter " system, wherein great ingenuity was sometimes displayed. When HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 59 it failed in any instance, long credits contributed to the conven- ience of the citizens. But for taxes and postage neither the barter nor the credit system would answer, and often letters were suffered to remain a long time in the postoffice for the want of the twenty- five cents demanded by the Government. With all this high price on postage, by the way, the letter had not been brought 500 miles in a day or two, as is the case nowadays, but had probably been weeks on the route, and the mail was delivered at the pioneer's postoffice, several miles distant from his residence, only once in a week or two. All the mail would be carried by a lone horseman. Peltries came nearer being money than anything else, as it came to be custom to estimate the value of everything in peltries. Such an article was worth so many peltries. Even some tax collectors and postmasters were known to take peltries and exchange them for the money required by the Government. When the settlers first came into the wilderness, some supposed that their hard struggle would be principally over after the first year; but alas ! they often looked for ''easier times next year " for many years before realizing them, and then they came in so slily as to be almost imperceptible. The sturdy pioneer thus learned to bear hardships, privation and hard living, as good soldiers do. As the facilities for making money were not great, they lived pretty well satisfied in an atmosphere of good, social, friendly feeling. But among the early settlers who came to this State were many who, accustomed to the advantages of an older civilization, to churches, schools and society, became speedily home-sick and dissatisfied. They would remain perhaps one summer, or at most two, then, selling whatever claim with its improvements they had made, would return to the older States, spreading reports of the hard- ships endured by the settlers here and the disadvantages which they had found, or imagined they had found, in the country. These weaklings were not an unmitigated curse. The slight improvements they had made were sold to men of sterner stuff, who were the sooner able to surround themselves with the neces- sities of life, while their unfavorable report deterred other weak- lings from coming. The men who stayed and were willing to endure privations belonged to a different guild; they were heroes every one — men to whom hardships were things to be overcome, and privations endured for the sake of posterity, and they never shrank from this duty. It is to those hardy pioneers who could endure that the people of to-day owe the wonderful improvements 60 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. made, and the developments, almost miraculous, that have brought this commonwealth in the past eighty years from a wilderness to the front rank among the States of this great nation. MILLING. Not the least of the hardships of the pioneers was the procuring of bread. The first settlers must be supplied at least one year from other sources than their own lands; but the first crops, however abundant, gave only partial relief, there being no mills to grind the grain. Hence the necessity of grinding by hand-power, and many families' were poorly provided with means for doing this. Another way was to grate the corn. A grater was made from a piece of tin, sometimes taken from an old, worn-out tin bucket or other vessel. It was thickly perforated, bent into a semicircular form, and nailed, rough side upward, on a board. The corn was taken in the ear, and grated before it got dry and hard. Corn, however, was eaten in various ways. Then followed the horse or band mill as it was called. Soon after the country became more generally settled, enterpris- ing men were ready to embark in the milling business. Sites along the streams were selected for water-power. A person looking for a mill-site would follow up and down the stream for a desired loca- tion, and when found he would go before the authorities and secure a writ of ad quod damnum. This would enable the miller to have the adjoining land officially examined, and the amount of damage by making a dam was named. Mills being so great a public neces- sity, they were permitted to be located upon any person's land where the miller thought the site desirable. AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. The agricultural implements used by the first farmers in this State would in this age of improvement be great curiosities. The plow used was called the "bar-share" plow; the iron point con- sisted of a bar of iron about two feet long, and a broad share of iron welded to it. At the extreme point was a coulter that passed through a beam six or seven feet long, to which were attached handles of corresponding length. The mold-board was a wooden one split out of winding timber, or hewed into a winding shape, in order to turn the soil over. Sown seed was brushed in by drag- ging over the ground a sapling with a bushy top. In harvesting the change is most striking. Instead of the reapers and mowers HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 61 of to-day, the sickle and cradle were used. The grain was threshed with a flail, or trodden out by horses or oxen. HOG KILLING. Hogs were always dressed before they were taken to market. The farmer, if forehanded, would call in his neighbors some bright fall or winter morning to help "kill hogs." Immense kettles of water were heated; a sled or two, covered with loose boards or plank, constituted the platform on which the hog was cleaned, and was placed near an inclined hogshead in which the scalding was done; a quilt was thrown over the top of the latter to retain the heat; from the crotch of some convenient tree a projecting pole was rigged, to hold the animals for disemboweling and thorough cleaning. When everything was arranged, the best shot of the neighborhood loaded his rifle, and the work of killing was com- menced. It was considered a disgrace to make a hog "squeal" by bad shooting or by a "shoulder-stick," that is, running the point of the butcher-knife into the shoulder instead of the cavity of the breast. As each hog fell, the " sticker " mounted him and plunged the butcher-knife into his throat ; two persons would then catch him by the hind legs, draw him up to the scalding tub, which had just been filled with boiling-hot water with a shovelful of good green-wood ashes thrown in ; in this the carcass was plunged and moved around a minute or so until the hair would slip off easily, then placed on the platform where the cleaner would take hold of him and clean him as quickly as possible, with knives and other sharp-edged implements ; then two stouf men would take him up between them, and a third man to manage thegambrel (which was a stout stick about two feet long, sharpened at both ends, to be in- serted between the muscles of the hind legs at or near the hock joint), the animal would be elevated to the pole, where the work of cleaning was finished. After the slaughter was over and the hogs had had time to cool, such as were intended for domestic use were cut up, the lard " tried" out by the women of the household, and the surplus hogs taken to market, while the weather was cold, if possible. In those days almost every merchant had, at the rear end of his place of business or at same convenient building, a "pork-house," and would buy the pork of his customers and of such others as would sell to him, and cut it for the market. This gave employment to a large number of hands in every village, who would cut and pack 62 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. pork all winter. The hauling of all this to the river would also give employment to a large number of teams, and the manufacture of pork barrels would keep many coopers employed. There was one feature in this method of marketing pork that made the country a paradise for the poor man in the winter time. Spare-ribs, tenderloins, pigs' heads and pigs' feet were not con- sidered of any value, and were freely given to all who could use them. If a barrel was taken to any pork-house and salt furnished, the barrel would be filled and salted down with tenderloins and spare-ribs gratuitously. So great in many cases was the quantity of spare-ribs, etc., to be disposed of, that they would be hauled away in wagon-loads and dumped in the woods out of town. In those early times much wheat was marketed at twenty-five to fifty cents a bushel, oats the same or less, and corn ten cents a bushel. A good young milch-cow could be bought for $5 to $10, and that payable in work. Those might truly be called "close times," yet the citizens of the country were accommodating, and but very little suffering for the actual necessities of life was ever known to exist. NATIVE ANIMALS. The principal wild animals found in the State by the early set- tler were the deer, wolf, bear, wild-cat, fox, otter, raccoon, generally called "coon," woodchuck, or ground-hog, skunk, mink, weasel, muskrat, opossum, rabbit and squirrel; and the principal feathered game were the quail, prairie chicken and wild turkey. Hawks, turkey buzzards, crows, blackbirds, were also very abundant. Sev- eral of these animals furnished meat for the settlers ; but their principal meat did not long consist of game ; pork and poultry were raised in abundance. The wolf was the most troublesome animal, it being the common enemy of the sheep, and sometimes attacking other domestic animals, and even human beings. But their hideous bowlings at night were so constant and terrifying that they almost seemed to do more mischief by that annoyance than by direct attack. They would keep everybody and every ani- mal about the farm-house awake and frightened, and set all the dogs in the neighborhood to barking. As one man described it: " Sup- pose six boys, having six dogs tied, whipped them all at the same time, and you would hear such music as two wolves would make." To effect the destruction of these animals the county authorities offered a bounty for their scalps ; and, besides, big hunts were common. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 63 WOLF HUNTS. In early days more mischief was done by wolves than by any other wild animal, and no small part of their mischief consisted in their almost constant barking at night, which always seemed so menacing and frightful to the settlers. Like mosquitoes, the noise they made appeared to be about as dreadful as the real depredations they committed. The most effectual, as well as the most exciting, method of ridding the country of these hateful pests, was that known as the " circular wolf hunt," by which all the men and boys would turn out on an appointed day, in a kind of circle, comprising many square miles of territory, with horses and dogs, and then close up toward the center of their field of operation, gathering not only wolves, but also deer and many smaller "varmint." Five, ten, or more wolves by this means would sometimes be killed in a single day. The men would be organized with as much system as a little army, every one being well posted in the meaning of every signal and the application of every rule. Guns were scarcely ever allowed to be brought on such occasions, as their use would be unavoidably dangerous. The dogs were depended upon for the final slaughter. The dogs, by the way, had all to be held in check by a cord in the hands of their keepers until the final signal was given to let them loose, when away they would all go to the center of battle, and a more exciting scene would follow than can be easily described. BEE HUNTING. This wild recreation was a peculiar one, and many sturdy back- woodsmen gloried in excelling in this art. He would carefully watch a bee as it filled itself with the sweet product of some flower or leaf-bud, and notice particularly the direction taken by it as it struck a " bee-line" for its home, which, when found, would be gen- erally high up in the hollow of a tree. The tree would be marked, and in September a party would go and cut down the tree and capt- ure the honey as quickly as they c >uld before it wasted away through the broken walls in which it had been so carefully stored away by the little busy bee. Several gallons would often be thus taken from a single tree, and by a very little work, and pleas- ant at that, the early settlers could keep themselves in honey the year round. By the time the honey was a year old, or before, it would turn white and granulate, yet be as good and healthful as when fresh. This was by some called "candid honey." 64 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. In some districts the resorts of bees would be so plentiful that all the available hollow trees would be occupied and many colonies of bees would be found at work in crevices in the rock and holes in the ground. A considerable quantity of honey has even been taken from such places. SNAKES. ,' In pioneer times snakes were numerous, such as the rattlesnake, adder, blood snake and many varieties of large blue and green snakes, milk snake, garter and water snakes, black snakes, etc., etc. If, on meeting one of these, you would retreat, they would chase you very fiercely ; but if you would turn and give them battle, they would immediately crawl away with all possible speed, hide in the grass and weeds, and wait for a ''greener" customer. These really harmless snakes served to put people on their guard against the more dangerous and venomous kinds. It was the practice in some sections of the country to turn out in companies, with spades, mattocks and crow-bars, attack the princi- pal snake dens and slay large numbers of them. In early spring the snakes were somewhat torpid and easily captured . Scores of rat- tlesnakes were sometimes frightened out of a single den, which, as soon as they showed their heads through the crevices of the rocks, were dispatched, and left to be devoured by the numerous wild hogs of that day. Some of the fattest of these snakes were taken to the house and oil extracted from them, and their glittering skins were saved as specifics for rheumatism. Another method was to so fix a heavy stick over the door of their dens, with a long grape-vine attached, that one at a distance could plug the entrance to the den when the snakes were all out sunning themselves. Then a large company of citizens, on hand by ap- pointment, could kill scores of the reptiles in a few minutes. EDUCATION. Though struggling through the pressure of poverty and priva- tion, the early settlers planted among them the school-house at the earliest practical period. So important an object as the education of their children they did not defer until they could build more comely and convenient houses. They were for a time content with such as corresponded with their rude dwellings, but soon better buildings and accommodations were provided. As may readily be HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLET. 65 supposed, the accommodations of the earliest schools were not good. Sometimes school was taught in a room of a large or double log cabin, but oftener in a log house built for the purpose. A mud- and-stick chimney in one end of the building, with earthen hearth and a fire-place wide and deep enough to receive a four to six foot back-log, and smaller wood to match, served for warming purposes in winter and a kind of conservatory in summer. For windows, part of a log was cut out in two sides of the building, and may be a few lights of eight by ten glass set in, or the aperture might be covered over with greased paper. Writing desks consisted of heavy oak plank or a hewed slab laid upon wooden pins driven into the wall. The four-legged slab benches were in front of these, and the pupils when not writing would sit with their backs against the front, sharp edge of the writing-desks. The floor was also made out of these slabs or " puncheons," laid upon log sleepers. Every, thing was rude and plain ; but many of America's greatest men have gone out from just such school-houses to grapple with the world, and make names for themselves and reflect honor upon their country. So with many of the most eloquent and efficient preachers. Imagine such a house with the children seated around, and the teacher seated on one end of a bench, with no more desk at his hand than any of the pupils have, and you have in view the whole scene. The " schoolmaster " has called "Books! books!" at the door, and the "scholars" have just run in almost out of breath from vigorous play, have taken their seats, and are for the moment "paying over their lessons" to themselves with all their might, that is, in as loud a whisper as possible. While they are thus en- gaged, the teacher is perhaps sharpening a few quill pens for the pupils, for no other kind of writing pen had been thought of as yet. In a few minutes he calls up an urchin to say his a b c's; the little boy stands beside the teacher, perhaps partially leaning upon his lap ; the teacher with his pen-knife points to the letter and asks what it is ; the little fellow remains silent, for he does not know what to say ; "A," says the teacher; the boy echoes ; ' A:" the teacher points to the next and asks what it is; the boy is silent again; k ' B," says the teacher; "B," echoes the little urchin; and so it goes through the exercise, at the conclusion of which the teacher tells the little ,; Major" to go back to his seat and study his letters, and when he conies to a letter he doesn't know, to come to him and he will tell him. He obediently goes to his seat, looks 5 66 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. on his book a little while, and then goes trudging across the pun- cheon floor again in his bare feet, to the teacher, and points to a letter, probably outside of his lesson, and asks what it is. The teacher kindly tells him that that is not in his lesson, that he need not study that or look at it now; he will come to that some other day, and then he will learn what it is. The simple-minded little fellow then trudges, smilingly, as he catches the eye of some one, back to his seat again. But why he smiled he has no definite idea. The a-b-ab scholars through with, perhaps the second or third reader class would be called, who would stand in a row in front of the teacher, " toeing the mark," which was actually a chalk or char- coal mark drawn on the floor, and, commencing at one end of the class, one would read the first " verse," the next the second, and so on around, taking the paragraphs in the order as they occur in the book. Whenever a pupil hesitated at a word, the teacher would pronounce it for him. And this was all there was of the reading exercise. Those studying arithmetic were but little classified, and they were therefore generally called forward singly and interviewed, or the teacher simply visited them at their seats. A lesson containing sev- eral "sums" would be given for the next day. Whenever the learner came to a sum he couldn't do, he would go to the teacher with it, who would willingly and patiently, if he had time, do it for him. In geography, no wall maps were used, no drawing required, and the studying and recitation comprised only the committing to memory, or "getting by heart." as it was called, the names and locality of places. The recitation proceeded like this: Teacher— " Where is Norfolk?" Pupil — " In the southeastern part of Vir- ginia." Teacher — " What bay between Maryland and Virginia?" Pupil — " Chesapeake." When the hour for writing arrived, the time was announced by the master, and every pupil practicing this art would turn his feet over to the back of his seat, thus throwing them under the writing desk, already described, and proceed to " follow copy," which was invariably set by the teacher, not by rule, but by as nice a stroke of the pen as he could make. The first copies for each pupil would be letters, and the second kind and last consisted of maxims. About half past ten o'clock the master would announce, " School may go out;" which meant, " Little play time," in the children's parlance, called nowadays recess or intermission. Often the prac- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 67 tice was to have the boys and girls go out separately, in which case the teacher would first say, "The girls may go out," and after they had been out about ten minutes the boys were allowed a similar privilege in the same way. Between play-times the request, u Teacher, may I go out?"was often iterated to the annoyance of the teacher and the disturbance of the school. At about half past eleven o'clock the teacher would announce, " Scholars may now get their spelling lessons," and they would all pitch in with their characteristic loud whisper and "say over" their lessons with that vigor which characterizes the movements of those who have just learned that the dinner hour and " big plav- tirne " is near at hand. A few minutes before twelve the " little spelling class " would recite, then the "big spelling class." The latter would comprise the larger scholars and the major part of t»e school. The classes would stand in a row, either toeing the mark in the midst of the floor, or straggling along next an unoccupied portion of the wall. One end of the class was the •• head," the other the " foot," and when a pupil spelled a word correctly, which had been missed by one or more, he would " go up " and take his station above all that had missed the word; this was called " turn- ing them down." At the conclusion of the recitation the head pupil would go to the foot to have another opportunity of turning them all down. The class would number, and before taking their seats the teacher would say, "School's dismissed," which was the signal for every child rushing for his dinner and having the "big play- time." The same process of spelling would also be gone through with in the afternoon just before dismissing the school for the day. The chief text-books in which the " scholars " got their lessons were Webster's or some other elementary spelling-book, and arith- metic, may be Pike's, Dilworth's, Daboll's, Smiley's or Adams's, the old English reader, and Roswell C. Smith's geography and atlas. First, old Murray's, then Kirkham's grammar, were the text-books on this subject. ' ' Book larnin " instead of practical oral instruc- tion, was the only thing supposed to be attained in the primitive log school-house days. But writing was generally taught with fair diligence. " PAST THE PICTURES." This phrase had its origin in the practice of pioneer schools which used Webster's Elementary Spelling-book. Toward the back part of that time-honored text-book was a series of seven or eight 68 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. pictures, illustrating morals, and after these again were a few more spelling exercises of a peculiar kind. When a scholar got over into these he was said to he v 'past the pictures," and was looked up to as being smarter and more learned than most other people ever hoped to be. Hence the application of this phrase came to be extended to other affairs in life, especially where scholarship was involved. SPELLING-SCHOOLS. The chief public evening entertainment for the first thirty or forty years of pioneer existence was the celebrated " spelling- school." Both young people and old looked forward to the next spelling-school with as much anticipation and anxiety as we nowa- days look forward to a general Fourth-of-July celebration; and when the time arrived the whole neighborhood, yea, and some- times several neighborhoods, would nock together to the scene of academical combat, where the excitement was often more intense than had been expected. It was far better, of course, when there was good sleighing; then the young folks would turn out in high glee and be fairly beside themselves. The jollity is scarcely equaled at the present day by anything in vogue. When the appointed hour arrived, the usual plan of commencing battle was for two of the young people who might agree to play against each other, or who might be selected to do so by the school- teacher of the neighborhood, to " choose sides;" that is, each con- testant, or "captain," as he was generally called, would choose the best speller from the assembled crowd. Each one choosing alter- nately, the ultimate strength of the respective parties would be about equal. When all were chosen who could be made to serve, each side would " number," so as to ascertain whether amid the confusion one captain had more spellers than the other. In case he had, some compromise would be made by the aid of the teacher, the master of ceremonies, and then the plan of conducting the cam- paign, or counting the misspelled words, would be canvassed for a moment by the captains, sometimes by the aid of the teacher and others. There were many ways of conducting the contest and keeping tally. At one time they would commence spelling at the head, at another time at the foot; at one time they would '"spell across," that is, the first on one side would spell the first word, then the first on the other side; next the second in the line on each side, alternately, down to the other end of each line. The question, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 69 who should spell the first word was determined by the captains guessing what page the teacher would have before him in a par- tially opened book at a distance; the captain guessing the nearest would spell the first word pronounced. When a word was missed, it would be re-pronounced, or passed along without re-pronouncing (as some teachers strictly followed, the rule never to re-pronounce a word) until it was spelled correctly. If a speller on the opposite side finally spelled the missed word correctly, it was counted a gain of one to that side; if the word was finally corrected by some speller on the same side on which it was originated as a missed word, it was " saved,'' and n'o tally mark was made. Another popular method was to commence at one end of the line of spellers and go directly around, and the missed words caught up quickly and corrected by " word-catchers." appointed by the captains from among their best spellers. These word-catchers would attempt to correct all the words missed on his opponent's side, and, failing to do this, the catcher on the other side would catch him up with a peculiar zest, and then there was fun. Still another very interesting, though somewhat disorderly, method, was this: Each word-catcher would go to the foot of the adversary's line, and every time he " catched " a word he would go up one, thus "turning them down" in regular spelling-class style. When one catcher in this way turned all down on the opposing side, his own party was victorious by as many as the opposing catcher was behind. This method required no slate or blackboard tally to be kept. One turn, by either of the foregoing or other methods, would occupy forty minutes to an hour, and by this time an intermission or recess was had, when the buzzing, cackling and hurrahing that ensued for ten or fifteen minutes were beyond description. Coming to order again, the next style of battle to be illustrated was to "spell down," by which process it was ascertained who were the best spellers and could continue standing as a soldier the longest. But very often good spellers would inadvertently miss a word in an early stage of the contest and would have to sit down humilia- ted, while a comparatively poor speller would often stand till nearly or quite the last, amid the cheers of the assemblage. Sometimes the two parties first " chosen np " in the evening would re-take their places after recess, so that by the *' spelling-down " process there would virtually be another race, in another form; sometimes there would be a new "choosing up " for the ''spelling-down" TO HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. contest; and sometimes the spelling down would be conducted with- out any party lines being made. It would occasionally happen that two or three very good spellers would retain the floor so long that the exercise would become monotonous, when a few outlandish words like " chevaux-de-frise," " ompompanoosuc " or "baugh- naugh-claugh-ber," as they used to spell it sometimes, would create a little ripple of excitement to close with. Sometimes these words would decide the contest, but generally when two or three good spellers kept the floor until the exercise became monotonous, the teacher would declare the race closed and the standing spellers ac- quitted with a" drawn game." The audience dismissed, the next thing was to "go home," very often by a round-about way, "a-sleighing with the girls," which of course was with many the most interesting part of the evening's performances. SINGING-SCHOOL. Next to the night spelling-school the singing-school was an occa- sion of much jollity, wherein it was difficult for the average singing- master to preserve order, as many went more for fun than for music. This species of evening entertainment, in its introduction to the West, was later than the spelling-school, and served, as it were, as the second step toward the more modern civilization. Good sleighing weather was of course almost a necessity for the success of these schools, but how many of them have been prevented by mud and rain ! Perhaps a greater part of the time from November to April the roads would be muddy and often half frozen, which would have a very dampening and freezing eftect upon the souls, as well as the bodies, of the young people who longed for a good time on such occasions. The old-time method of conducting singing-school was also some- what different from that of modern times. It was more plodding and heavy, the attention being kept upon the simplest rudiments, as the names of the notes on the staff, and their pitch, and beating time, while comparatively little attention was given t.> expression and light, gleeful music. The very earliest scale introduced in the West was from the South, and the notes, from their peculiar shape, were denominated i% patent" or " buckwheat " notes. There were four, of which the round one was always called sol, the square one la, the triangular one fa, and the " diamond shaped " one mi, pro- nounced me; and the diatonic scale, or " gamut " as it was called then, ran thus: fa, sol, la, fa, sol, la, mi, fa. The part of a tune HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 71 nowadays called " treble," or " soprano," was then called " tenor;" the part now called "tenor" was called "treble," and what is now "alto" was then "counter," and when sung according to the oldest rule, was sung by a female an octave higher than marked, and still on the " chest register." The " old " " Missouri Harmony " and Mason's ' ' Sacred Harp " were the principal books used with this style of musical notation. About 1850 the " round-note" system began to "come round," being introduced by the singing-master. The scale was do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, do; and for many years thereafter there was much moredo-re-mi-ing than is practiced at present day, when a musical instrument is always under the hand. The " Oarmina Sacra " was the pioneer round-note book. GUARDING AGAINST INDIANS. The fashion of carrying fire-arms was made necessary by the presence of roving bands of Indians, most of whom were ostensibly friendly, but like Indians in all times, treacherous and unreliable. An Indian warwas at any time probable, and all the old settlers still retain vivid recollections of Indian massacres, murders, plun- der, and frightful rumors of intended raids. While target practice was much indulged in as an amusement, it was also necessary at times to carry their guns with them to their daily field work. As an illustration of the painstaking which characterized pioneer life, we quote the following remark of an old settler: " The manner in which I used to work in those perilous times was as follows: On all occasions I carried my rifle, tomahawk and butcher-knife, with a loaded pistol in my belt. AVhen I went to plow I laid my gun on the plowed ground, and stuck a stick by it for a mark, so that I could get it quick in case it was wanted. I had two good dogs; I took one into the house leaving the other out. The one outside was expected to give the alarm, which would cause the one inside to bark, by which I would be awakened, having my arms al- ways loaded. I kept my horse in astableclose to the house, having a port-hole so that I could shoot to the stable door. During two years I never went from home with any certainty of returning, not knowing the minute I might receive a ball from an unknown hand." 72 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. THE BRIGHT SIDE. The history of pioneer life generally presents the dark side of the picture; but the toils and privations of the early settlers were not a series of unmitigated sufferings. No; for while the fathers and mothers toiled hard, they were not averse to a little relaxa- tion, and had their seasons of fun and enjoyment. They contrived to do something to break the monotony of their daily life and fur- nish them a good hearty laugh. Among the more general forms of amusements were the u quilting-bee," "corn-husking," "apple- paring," " logrolling," and " house-raising." Our young readers will doubtless be interested in a description of these forms of amusement, when labor was made to afford fun and enjoyment to all participating. The " quilting-bee, " as its name implies, was when the industrious qualities of the busy little insect that " im- proves each shining hour" were exemplified in the manufacture of quilts for the household. In the afternoon ladies for miles around gathered at an appointed place, and while their tongues would not cease to play the hand was busily engaged in making the quilt, the desire being always manifested to get it out as quickly as possible, for then the fun would begin. In the evening the gentlemen came and the hours would then pass swiftly by in playing games or dancing. "Corn-huskings " were when both sexes united in the work. They usually assembled in a large barn which was arranged for the occasion; and when each gentleman had selected a lady part- ner the husking began. When a lady found a red ear she was subject to a kiss from her partner; when a gentleman found one he was al- lowed to kiss his lady partner. After the corn was all husked a good supper was served; then the " old folks" would leave, and the re- mainder of the evening was spent in the dance and in having a general good time. The recreation afforded to the young people on the annual recurrence of these festive occasions was as highly enjoyed, and quite as innocent, as the amusements of the present boasted age of refinement and culture. The amusements of the pioneers were peculiar to themselves. Saturday afternoon was a holiday in which no man was expected to work. A load of produce might be taken to " town " for sale or traffic without violence to custom, but no more serious labor could be tolerated. When on Saturday afternoon the town was reached, "fun commenced." Had two neighbors business to transact, here it was done. Horses were " swapped," difficulties HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 73 settled and free lights indulged in. Bine and red ribbons were not worn in those days, and whisky was as free as water; twelve and a half cents would buy a quart, and thirty-five or forty cents a gal- lon, and at such prices enormous quantities were consumed. Go to any town in the county and ask the first pioneer you meet, and he would tell you of notable Saturday-afternoon fights, either of which to-day would fill a column of the Police News, with elaborate" engravings to match. An old settler quaintly describes some of the happy features of frontier life in this manner: " We cleared land, rolled logs, burned brush, blazed out paths from one neighbor's cabin to another and from one settlement to another, made and used hand-mills and hominy mortars, hunted deer, turkey, otter and raccoons, caught fish, dug ginseng, hunted bees and the like, and — lived on the fat of the land. We read of a land of corn and wine.' and another 'flowing with milk and honey;' but I rather think, in a temporal point of view, taking into account the richness of the soil, timber, stone, wild game and other advan- tages, that the Hocking Valley country would come up to any of them, if not surpass them. " Reader, what would you think of going six to eight miles to help roll logs, or raise a cabin? or ten to thirty miles to mill, and wait three or four days and nights for your grist? as many had to do in the first settlement of this country. Such things were of frequent occurrence then, and there was but little grumbling about it. It was a grand sight to see the log heaps and brush piles burning in the night, on a clearing of ten or fifteen acres. A Democratic torchlight procession, or a midnight march oi the Sons of Malta with their grand Gyasticutus in the center bearing the grand jewel of the order, would be nowhere in comparison with the log-heaps and brush-piles in a blaze. " But it may be asked, Had you any social amusements, or manly pastimes, to recreate and enliven the dwellers in the wilderness? " We had. In the social line we had our meetings and our sing- ing-schools, sugar-boilings and weddings, which were as good as ever came off in any country, new or old; and if our youngsters did not 'trip the light fantastic toe ' under a professor of the Terpsichorean art or expert French dancing-master, they had many a good ' hoe- down ' on puncheon t fLoors, and were not annoyed by bad whisky. The boys and men of those days had quite as much sport, and made more money and health by their hunting excursions than 74 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. our city gents nowadays playing chess by telegraph where the play- ers are more than seventy miles apart." WHAT THE PIONEERS HAVE DONE. Ohio is a grand State, in many respects second to none in the Union, and in almost everything that goes to make a live, prosper- ous community, not far behind the best. Beneath her fertile soil is coal enough to supply the State for generations; her harvests are bountiful; she has a medium climate, and many other things, that make her people contented, prosperous and happy ; but she owes much to those who opened up these avenues that have led to her present condition and happy surroundings. Unremitting toil and labor have driven off the sickly miasmas that brooded over swampy prairies. Energy and perseverance have peopled every section of her wild lands, and changed them from wastes and deserts to gardens of beauty and profit. Where but a few years ago the barking wolves made the night hideous with their wild shrieks and howls, now is heard only the lowing and bleating of domestic animals. Only a half century ago the wild whoop of the Indian rent the air where now are heard the engine and rumbling trains of cars, bearing away to markets the products ot our labor and soil. Then the savage built his rude hut on the spot where now rise the dwellings and school-houses and church spires of civilized life. How great the transformation! This change has been brought about by the incessant toil and aggregated labor of thousands of tired hands and anxious hearts, and the noble aspirations of such men and women as make any country great. What will another half century accomplish ? There are few, very few, of these old pioneers yet lingering on the shores of time as connecting links of the past with the present. What must their thoughts be as with their dim eyes they view the scenes that sur- round them ? We often hear people talk about the old-fogy ideas and fogy ways and want of enterprise on the part of the old men who have gone through the experiences of pioneer life. Some- times, perhaps, such remarks are just, but, considering the ex- periences, education, and entire life of such men, such remarks are better unsaid. They have had their trials, misfortunes, hard- ships and adventures, and shall we now, as they are passing far down the western declivity of life, and many of them gone, point to them the finger of derision and laugh and sneer at the simplicity of their ways? Let us rather cheer them up, revere and respect HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 75 them, for beneath those rough exteriors beat hearts as noble as ever throbbed in the human breast. These veterans have been com- pelled to live for weeks upon hominy and, if bread at all, it was bread made from corn ground in hand-mills, or pounded up with mortars. Their children have been destitute of shoes during the winter ; their families had no clothing except what was carded, spun, wove and made into garments with their own hands ; schools they had none ; churches they had none ; afflicted with sickness incident to all new countries, sometimes the entire family at once ; luxuries of life they had none ; the auxiliaries, improvements, inventions and labor-saving machinery of to-day they had not ; and what they possessed they obtained by the hardest of labor and individual exertions, yet they bore these hardships and priva- tions without murmuring, hoping for better times to come, and often, too, with but little prospect of realization. As before mentioned, the changes written on every hand are most wonderful. It has been but fourscore years since the white man began to exercise dominion over this region, erst the home of the red man, yet the visitor of to-day, ignorant of the past of the country, could, scarcely be made to realize that within these years there has grown up a population of over 3,000,000 people, who in all the accomplishments of life are as far advanced as are the inhabitants of the older States. Schools, churches, colleges, pala- tial dwellings, beautiful grounds, large, well-cultivated and produc- tive farms, as well as cities, towns, and busy manufactories, have grown up, and occupy the hunting grounds and camping places of the Indians, and in every direction there are evidences of wealth, comfort and luxury. There is but little left of the old landmarks. Advanced civilization and the progressive demands of revolving years have obliterated all traces of Indian occupancy, until they are only remembered in name. In closing this section it would be well to impress on the minds of the reader the fact that a debt of gratitude is due to those who pioneered this State, which can be but partially repaid. Never grow unmindful of the peril and adventure, fortitude, self-sacrifice and heroic devotion so prominently displayed in their lives. As time sweeps on in its ceaseless flight, may the cherished memory of them lose none of its greenness, but may future generations alike cherish and perpetuate them with just devotion and gratitude. 76 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. WOMEN PIONEERS. Thus far the pioneer has been referred to as of the sterner sex, but were they the only pioneers in these once uncivilized regions % Was man the only one who suffered privation and want, who worked that a generation, then verging on manhood, might find the way "blazed " to the light of a higher civilization, and that a genera- tion yet unborn might find the fruits of struggle in well-tilled fields, a full granary, and a home blessed with all the art and progress that a new era gave them ? Was it in the culture and refinement of the people of a later day, who had received not only wealth descended from their forefathers, but those benefits which science had discovered hidden in the deep and dark mysteries of nature, and were they to thank men alone for the blessings around them? No! but high on the scroll of fame should the pioneer women of our land have their names emblazoned that generations yet to come, and for all time, may honor and bless the memory of the heroic women who gave themselves to the duties of a pioneer's life, and who proudly and uncomplainingly did the work which came before them, as only women could do it, smoothing their rugged lives with the light of an undying love, and proving in every way the equal of man in carrying forward the work of making a wilderness take upon itself the garb of civilization, and barren plains the wealth of fruitful fields and abundant har- vests. Thus have the pioneer women worked and struggled, and the rude cabin to them was a home of love and happiness. Rude and primitive as that cabin might be, with a floor of mother earth, simple and unadorned, there was found within its walls many a heroine of early days. Not in the palaces of the rich of what is called this enlightened era, was more true life-like hap- piness found than in those lowly cabins. There was no waiting in those days for a home of splendor before man found his mate, but the heroes and heroines of those da} r s joined hands and hearts, and helped each other down the rugged pathway of life, lie went into the field to work, that he might supply the food necessary for life, while she worked on in her own sphere, furnishing her husband's cabin with the smiles of a loving heart, greeting her partner with the evident work of willing hands, keeping her true and womanly talents in full play, not only in preparing the food for the family meal, but in spinning and weaving, cutting and making, not only her own clothing, but the garments of those who were of her HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 77 household and under her loving care. Much has been written of the "old pioneer" and his struggle in the early years of his life, heavy trials, misfortunes, and, ultimately, his success, but little has been recorded of his noble companion, the light of his cabin, who cheered him in his misfortunes, nursed him in sickness, and in health gave her whole strength to labor for their future welfare and happiness. There was little luxury or ease for the pioneer's wife of those early days, but whatever her destiny might be, it was met with a firm faith and a willingness to do her whole duty, liv- ing in the love of her husband and children and trusting in Provi- dence to receive her final reward for the unceasing labor of years, well and nobly performed. Yes, there was something decidedly primitive in the building and furniture of those cabins of old. They were built one and a half stories high, in many cases, that they might have a "loft" to store away things, and sometimes to sleep in. The windows were covered by a light quilt to keep the wind and rain out; the puncheon floor was laid, the stick and mud chimney set up, a table and a chair or two, or stools made of split logs, with auger holes bored to put in the legs ; some shelves made of the same material, holes bored and pins put in to hang up their clothes and other things, and that pioneer heroine was ready to meet her friends and neighbors and the world at-large in a roomy and comfortable house. A house-keeping outfit of that style in these days, would send a young woman into hysterics, make her declare that "she would go right home to her pa," and probably fur herself and that young man it would be the best place for her. A calico or gingham dress was good enough to visit in or go to church, but oftener a home-spun dress did duty on the same occasions; then the calico or gingham would last a year or two, and it only took eight yards for a dress. Hoop-skirts had not yet put in an appearance, and pin-backs were of another day and generation. So with a multiplicity of duties the young wife kept on her way. By and by, when a family had grown up around them, cares began to increase ; the wife and mother was often compelled to sit up night after night that the husband's and the children's clothes might be mended, their stockings darned, and the preparations for the coming morning's work made ready. Then it was discovered that woman's work was never done. The household was asleep. The tired husband and father was resting his weary limbs in dreamland, the children were tossing here and there on their beds as restless children always do. Nature itself had 78 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. gone to rest, and the outer world was wrapped in darkness and gloom, but the nearly exhausted mother sewed on and on, and the midnight candle was still shedding its pale light over the work or the vigils of the loved and loving mother. And this is the record of the thousands of noble women, the female pioneers, whose daily presence, loving hearts, earnest work, and keen judgment made the work of civilization and progress one of success. And the question has often been asked, " What would the men of olden times have done if the women of olden times had not been with them?" And the reply comes back, "Ah! yes, what would they have done?" These were the kind of women who made civilization a suc- cess, and brightened the pathway of material progress with the promise of a glorious future. There are a few yet living of that glorious pioneer band of women who gave their lives to the hard fate of a pioneer's wife. They bore their share of the trials, troubles, and labor of the times. They are deserving the love and veneration of all, and may their pathway to the unknown river be brightened by kind words and loving hearts. Let them glide softly and pleasantly down the river of time, and let no regrets come from them of neglect or coldness. Their young days were days of hard- ship; let the evening of their life be bereft of care, peaceful and joyous. Of those who are now sleeping the sleep that knows no waking, they did their duty nobly and well, and while their allotted time on earth has passed they have gone to a better world, a reward to all those whose life's pilgrimage has been worthily performed. And thus the pioneer women pass away. May they be ever blessed while living. One and all, living or dead, deserve a high and honored place in our country's history, and the compiler of the History of the Hocking Valley gives this short tribute to their memory. Not that it is much, but that the lives of those who have done so much to bring this once wild valley to a land of civ- ilization and Christianity, has the veneration of the writer, and of those he has met. And of those who have gone before will he hold a cherished memory until he, too, joins the throng on the golden shore, where time ceases and eternity begins the endless round. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 79 OLD SETTLERS' POEM. It is almost a hundred years Since you and I, old pioneers, With aspirations free, A home within this region sought; But who of us then dreamed or thought To see the many changes wrought That we have lived to see ? From different countries there we came ; Our object and our aim the same — A home in this far West. A cabin here and there was found, Perhaps a little spot of ground Inclosed and cleared, while all around In nature's garb was dressed. Here then we saw the groves of green Where woodman's ax had never been — And pleasant valleys, too. Within these groves so dense and dark Was heard the squirrel's saucy bark ; The bounding stag was but the mark To prove the rifle true But all is changed, and cabin's gone, The clapboard roof with weight-poles on, The rough hewn puncheon floor; The chimney made of stick and clay Are seen no more — gone to dtcay ; The men who built them — where are they ? I need not ask you more. They're gone, but they're remembered yet, Those cabin homes we can't forget, Although we're growing old ; Fond memory still the spot reveres, The cabin homes of youthful years When with compatriot pioneers We pleasures bad untold. The dense and tangled %roodland, too, The groves we often wandered through, No longer now are there; The valley with it's sward of green With flowerets wild no more are seen, But farms with dusty lanes between Are seen where once they were. 80 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Large towns and villages arise, And steeples point toward the skies Where all was desert then ; And nature's scenes have given place To those of art; the hunter's chase Has yielded to the exciting race Of speculative men. Ah ! what a change the pioneer In eighty years has witnessed here ; The country changing still ; How many changes it's passed through, And we, old friends, are changing too, There's been a change in me and you, And still that change goes on. And when we think upon the past, Those friends whose lots with us were cast On this once wild frontier, And pass them all in our review, As oftentimes in thought we do, Alas ! how very few Are there remaining here. A few more years will come and go As other years have done, you know; And then — ah! yes, what then? The world will still be moving on ; But we whose cheeks are growing wan Will not be here ! We'll all be gone From out the ranks of men. Our places will be vacant here, And of the last old pioneer The land will be bereft; The places which we here have filled, The fields which we have cleared and tilled, Our barns, though empty or though filled, To others will be left. Let us go back, — in memory go, — Back to the scenes of long ago, When we were blithe and young ; When hope and Expectations bright Were buoyant, and our hearts were light ; And fancy, that delusive sprite, Her siren sonnets sung. 'Tis natural that we should think, While standing on the river brink, How wide the stream had grown. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 81 We saw it when 'twas but a rill, Just bursting from the sunny hill, And now its surging waters fill A channel broad, unknown. 'Tis natural and proper, too, That we compare the old and new — The present and the past — And speak of those old fogy ways In which we passed our younger days ; Then of the many new displays That crowd upon us fast. We little knew of railroads then, Nor dreamed of that near period when We'd drive the iron horse ; And 'twould have made the greatest laugh Had we been told only one-half The wonders of the telegraph — Then in the brain of Morse. We did not have machinery then To sow and reap and thresh the grain, But all was clone by hand; And those old-fashioned implements Have long been banished hence, Or, rusting, lie inside the fence — No longer in demand. Yes, there are grown-up meu, I know, Who never saw a bull-tongue plow, A flail, or reaping hook ; And who could not describe, you know, A swingling board or knife, although Their grandmas used them long ago And lessons on them took. The young man now would be amused To see some things his grandsire used, Some things he ne'er had seen; The way in which we cleaned our wheat, When two strong men with blanket sheet Would winnow out the chaff and cheat, And twice or thrice the thing repeat, Until the grain was clean. The single-shovel plow and hoe To clean out weeds was all the show^ We knew no better ways ; And now our sons would laugh to scorn Such poky ways of making corn, And bless their stars that they were born In more enlightened days. 82 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. They say the world has wiser grown, They've got the speaking telephone — Talk hundred miles or more. And preachers now may preach and pray To congregations miles away ; And thousand other things they say We never had before. And yet I do not know but what The pioneer enjoyed his lot And lived as much at ease As men in these enlightened days — , With all the strange new-fangled ways The world of fashion now displays The mind of man to please. 'Tis true we did not live so fast, But socially our time was passed, Although our homes were mean ; Our neighbors then were neighbors true, And every man his neighbor knew, Although those neighbors might be few And sometimes far between. Ah ! yes ! old pioneers, I trow The world was brighter then than now To us gray-headed ones; Hope pointed us beyond the vale, And whispered us a fairy tale, Of coming pleasures ne'er to fail Through all the shining suns. Ambition, too, with smile so soft, Was pointing us to seats aloft, Where fame and honor last. We had not learned what now we know— The higher up the mount we go The storms of life still fiercer blow, And colder is the blast. That though w^ reach the mountain's top, Fruition find of every hope, Or wear the victor's crown ; Though far above the clouds we tread, Other clouds there are still o'erhead, And on the mind there is the dread, The dread of coming down. Ah ! yes! old settlers, one and all, What ever may us yet befall. We will not, can't forget HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 83 The simple, old-fashioned place. The nits in which our fathers ran Before the age of steam began To run the world in debt. But ere, my friends, we hence embark, We fain would place some lasting mark Upon this mountain shore; A mark the traveler may see In coming years, and know that we Have lived and passed the road that he May then be passing o'er. When death's dark curtain shall be drawn, And we old pioneers are gone, Let truthful history tell To far posterity the tale As down the stream of life they sail, How we with motto " Never Fail " Came here, and what befell. Let history then impartial state The incidents of every date ; And that it so may do, Let pioneers of every age In this important work engage, And each of them produce his page — His page of history true. The incidents ot early years, Known only to the pioneers, With them will soon be lost, Unless, before they hither go, Those incidents are stated so Posterity the facts may know, When they the stream have crossed. And while we talk upon the past, Of friends who are dropping off so fast, g And those already gone, It may not be, my friends, amiss For each of us to think of this ; The curtain of forgetfulness Will soon be o'er us drawn. The mind goes back through all the years : We call to mind the pioneers, Those bold and hardy men ; We pass them in the mind's review, The many dead, the living few, Those unpretending settlers who Were our compatriots then. 84 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. But time would fail to speak of all Those changes that our minds recall ; The world is shifting more, And soon its shifting scenes will bear The last old pioneer to where His lost and loved companions are — The bright and golden shore. The poem closes, more particularly, the career of the old settlers and their work. And it closes in verse a better description of the old pioneer and his work than many pages of prose could have done. Not all has been given which the compiler of this history would have liked to record, and many omissions may be found that should have had a place in the foregoing pages, but what is here given is a record of facts, and will be found to be very full of the passing events of the early settlement of the country. The mem- ory of the old pioneer was not always to be depended upon; dates were seldom remembered, and it was a work of days sometimes to verify a statement and secure the proper date. mfjjjk &.&**4 CHAPTER IV. SCIENTIFIC VIEW OF HOCKING VALLEY. Preliminary Thoughts— Its Topography- — Its Drainage or River System — Its Geology— Its Stratigraphioal Formation —Its Archaeology — Its Fauna — Its Flora — Its Meteorology — Summary — Conclusion. preliminary thoughts. Within an irregular curve, formed by the western water-shed ot the Muskingum Valley, and the eastern crest of the Scioto Valley, somewhat parabolic in its contour, lies the Hocking Valley; mod- erate in its past history, fair in its present, but in its future devel- opments quite unlimited and exceedingly rich. It is the sixth, in size, of the seven river sections of Ohio. It contains parts of nine counties, and has an area of about 4,000 square miles. Though somewhat limited in its area, yet, in its mineral resources, it is without a peer in Ohio, if in any other part of the world. So many stratigraphical shelves crowded with a va- riety, profusion and richness of mineral commodities can seldom be found. Nature has seen fit, for some wise and inscrutable pur- pose, to locate in the Hocking Valley one of her great laboratories, her chemical work-room, where she has abundant materials for future "exposition" of her cabinet of mineralogical wealth. Such a valley demands a scientific record. The river section, termed " Hocking Valley," contains portions of the following counties : Fairfield, Perry, Hocking, Morgan, Athens, Vinton, Meigs, Gallia and Lawrence. The entire counties are geographically arranged under the Hocking Valley sectional head, except Morgan ^County, which lies principally in the Mus- kingum Valley. We have named it among the Hocking Valley Counties for the reason that Sunday Creek, one of the tributaries of Hocking River, drains its western part. The following scientific sketch relates, principally, to that part of the Hocking Valley dis- trict which lies along the Hocking River and its tributaries. In our conclusion, however, we shall take in the entire iron and coal fields. (85) 86 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. These counties, except Fairfield, lie within the coal measures, and form the southwestern part of the iron ore belt. The surface is quite hilly. The soil is principally native, being formed of the disintegration and wash of its rock structure, or of the decay of vegetable matter. Its limestone ridges make a durable and very fertile soil. The Hocking bottoms contain a very large amount of gravel belonging to the drift period. This will be noticed under its appropriate head. ITS TOPOGRAPHY. The topography of Hocking Yalley presents a great variety of interesting features. Let us walk about and through its county divisions and gather materials to enable us to construct out of them what would be called in military language an " eye map " — one as perfect as the eye, without instruments, will allow. The rim of this curvilinear basin has many attractive landscapes. Follow the western divide of the Muskingum Valley, beginning at its southern extremity and traveling northward. Such is the ever changing surface configuration that the eye never tires of seeing. Nature varies your prospect with every change of horizon. The curve which you are following (the curve of the water-shed) changes its course in every yard of advance. Like the hand of a chronom- eter, or the rise and fall of the mercury in the barometer, the line of your direction is constantly moving to the right or left, toward the heaveus, or gradually or abruptly descending. At one time you are climbing a high conical peak from which your view is quite extended and enchanting. Again you descend into a low gap in the divide, where your out-look is circumscribed by surrounding ridges and protracted spurs, shooting forth from the chief divide. At one time you are passing toward the east, heading a long trib- utary of the Hocking, while, in a few hours, you are driven equally far to the west by a protracted branch of the Muskingum. In this manner you travel, up and down, to the right and left, till, on the evening of the third day, having traveled not less than 130 miles, passing around the heads of the eastern continents of Hocking, and noted all their hills, spurs, gulches, ravines and tributary val- leys describing its northern curve, you arrive at the extreme head fountain of the river some miles to the north of Lancaster. Your western survey of the Hocking Yalley will consume about the same time. During this survey you have an eye view of the western ridges, spurs, slopes, gulches, ravines and valleys, as were HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 87 seen on the eastern water-shed. The land surfaces in the Hocking Valley present a continued succession of bottom lands, more or less extended, some a mile wide, others presenting but a few rods of level ground ; above these low creek and river bottom lands are a few plains, such as Wolf's Plains, between Salina and Athens, and Tupper's Plains, which are located toward the southeastern part of Athens County. The higher lauds consist of side-hill slopes or plains, forming with the horizon every possible angle of inclination, having a face for every point in the heavens. Other portions of the surface form coves under which were the early creek and river channels, now covered by ancient land slides to the depth of twenty to fifty feet. The crests of the spurs and prin- cipal ridges are usually very narrow. Sometimes, however, they are broad, rich, and well adapted to grain and fruit culture. By cross-sectioning the Hocking Valley through Fairfield and Perry, Hocking and Morgan, and, finally, through Athens counties, the above description of the surfaces of the Hocking Valley will be applicable to all the counties, Fairfield excepted. The surface of the northern two thirds of Fairfield County are quite level and very fertile. The reasons for this exception will appear when we examine its geological features, In the Hocking Valley, consisting of the river trough, its trib- utary valleys, its ravines, gulches, plains, river and creek bottoms, coves, side-hill slopes, spurs, and their main ridges, we can find but little waste land. A few acres of swamps and ponds, the re- maining parts of old beds of the river and branches, are to be found in the Hocking Valley. It now remains to introduce the agency by which these physical changes, already described, were formed. ITS DRAINAGE OR RIVER SYSTEM. The first topographical feature of Hocking, its surface configura- tion, has been sufficiently examined. Its land formations, whose varieties we have enumerated and described, are a series of effects, the results of adequate causes. The principal agent that has operated through many geological ages to bring about such stu- pendous results is water. That fluid is an erosive agent, as well as a shipper. It loosens the dissolving elements and transports them into the sea. Hocking River takes its rise in a large spring some miles north- west of Lancaster, Fairfield County. Flowing from that fount- Ob HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ain through Lancaster, having been joined by such tributaries as serve to drain that level part of Hocking: Valley, it flows some eight or ten miles to Sugar Grove, where it is joined by an east- ern tributary called Rush Creek. By a close inspection of the wa- ters of Rush Creek it will be readily seen that the lesser stream carries the river name (Hocking). It has often been claimed, and very properly, that Rush Creek should have been called Hocking, since it is a third longer, and discharges a larger volume of water. It drains much of Perry County, and the southeastern portion ot Fairfield Comity. The waters of Hocking and Rush Creek, uniting at Sugar Grove, are the drainage of the level and Waverly division of Hocking Valley. Principally they are the water outlet of a larger territory in proportion to the amount discharged than any other equal sec- tion of the river. The reasons are quite obvious: (1) The drainage of flat lands is imperfect; (2) The waters moving sluggishly along their moderately inclined channels are subjected to a greater shrink- age, both by evaporation and by absorption of the soils. For the same reasons water-courses are shortened, as it is invariably the case, with old and well-cultivated lands. Many small branches hat once flowed with water during the four seasons, are now dry dur- ing nearly half the year. Rush Creek heads, principally, among the coal measure hills of Perry County, which accounts, in part, for her larger discharge of water. About three miles below Sugar Grove Hocking River receives a tributary from the northwest, the latural drainage of Southwestern Fairfield, and the Northwestern portion of Hocking County. With the exception of Margaret's Creek, Hocking River receives no considerable tributary flowing from the west or northwest from Millville, twelve miles below Lan- caster, to Ilockingport, at its junction with the Ohio River, a dis- tance of about sixty-five miles, while her eastern branches are large, numerous and long. As we pass down the river from Millville, Hocking receives no waters except such as drain the river hills, till we arrive at the mouth of Monday Creek, below Nelsonville. Monday Creek is a very important tributary, since its valley is the natural outlet of one of the most magnificent coal and iron districts in Ohio. It was so named by the original survey, the company reaching that creek on that day of the week. Its head waters are in Hocking, Perry and Athens counties. Its confluents are exceedingly numer- ous, taking their rise principally in Perry County. The most noted HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 89 branches of Monday Creek are Shawnee Run, the location ot the thriving mining and furnace town of Shawnee; Sugar Run, on which New Straits ville is situated; Little Monday Creek; Lost Branch, head- ing in the same ridge with Sugar Run; Kitchen Run, Sand Run, Dorr's Run, Poplar Run, Snow Fork, with its tributaries, Right Branch, Left Branch, Brush Fork, Case Run, Miligan's Branch, Long Run and Smith's Run. These various brandies are noted for their coal and iron interests. No one can examine an accurate and minute map of Monday Creek and its net-work of tributaries, without being convinced that this valley, with its numberless tributaries, was grooved out for a higher purpose than that of drainage. The future of Monday Creek will fully justify the remark. On the west side of Hocking River are a few small runs flowing into Hocking from the river hills, noted, simply, for their coal works. Three of these are: (1) Lick Run, three miles above Nel- sonville, where are located the coal works of the "Lick Run Coal Company," Brettland; (2) Meeker Run; (3) Floodwood, and (4) Brigger Staff. The Hocking River receives its third large tributary on the eastern side, at Chauncey, six miles above Athens, called Sun- day Creek. This branch takes its rise in Perry and Morgan counties. Its head branches are remarkably spread out, east and west, so that its extreme fountains measure a greater distance apart than the length of the stream — wider than long. The East Branch drains the western portion of Morgan County, joining the Middle Branch in section 6, Trimble Township, Athens County. The Middle Branch takes its rise in the water-shed, near the town of Moxahala. Along this branch is constructed the Ohio Central R. R. On it are located Rend ville and Corning, with their extended coal works. Though by far the smallest of the three Sunday Creek branches, having but a few small tributaries, it is, by far, the most celebrated. Its valley is quite narrow, having but a few patches of bottom lands. The West Branch has its head waters in the southwestern part of Perry County. It is a large branch of Sunday Creek. Its tributaries are Indian Run, a stream of Perry, Johnson's Run, Windfall and Tucker. The West Branch has at its head waters in Perry some objects of interest — the "Sulphur Springs," vis- ited by invalids; a mill and factory; Buckingham, a coal village. Its head branches are Carter's Fork, Rodgers' Fork, Coal Fork, 90 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. West Fork, Iladley's Fork, and Priest's Fork, noted (all these forks) as draining a very remarkable coal development, in one place measuring thirteen feet <>f excellent coal. From this district was removed a block of coal thirteen feet and over, which was transported to Philadelphia in 1876, and was an interesting specimen in the Centennial. The village of Hartley (llartleyville) is located on this branch at the mouth of Johnson's Run. The West Branch is traversed by a branch of the Ohio Central Railroad, which is doing a thriving .business in removing coal to the great Northwest. The waters of the three branches form a junction at Sedalia, one mile above the village of Trimble. u Mud Fork " joins the West Branch a few rods above its union with the principal stream at Sedalia. Mud Fork heads in the Snow-Fork ridge. On this branch a shaft was sunk through the " great vein," coal, in which the seam was found to be about twelve feet thick. Strait Run, one of its principal branches, heads with Wolf Run, a tributary of Snow Fork, in a depression or " low gap " of the ''divide," between Sunday Creek and Snow Fork. Through this depression a railroad will, probably, soon connect Sunday Creek Yalley with that of Monday Creek. Should the two mining districts come under the management of the same company, this union would take place very speedily. At Trimble, one mile below Sedalia, Sunday Creek receives two other tributaries, McCune's Run from the west, and Congress Run from the east. The junction of these waters and the lay of the valleys (concentering) point to Trimble as a future important min- ing and iron-making center. With capital in the hands of an enterprising people, Trimble would soon grow into a town of very considerable note. It has an excellent steam flouring mill, a num- ber of stores of various kinds, and shops. Next to Corning, Trim- ble is the most active, thriving and wide-awake little village in the valley. Another tributary comes into Sunday Creek from the east, nearly opposite to Jackson and its coal works. It is called Woodbury's Run. This stream, with Congress Run and many small brooks of the East Branch, head with Federal Creek. Jackson, the location of a coal shaft and coal works, is ;i new village about one mile below the village of Trimble. It takes its name from O. D. Jack- son, its proprietor. It will soon become a town of some note. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 91 Trimble and Jackson will, in time, become the upper and lower divisions of one prosperous city. One mile below Jackson, Sunday Creek receives a western branch, called Green's Run. This branch heads, by two main streams, in the Snow Fork divide. These branches, with their small affluents, cause Green's Run to afford an excellent outlet for the removal of its mineral resources, which are varied and abun- dant. Near the mouth of Green's Run are two salt wells, where for many years excellent salt was manufactured. At Milltield, two miles below, Jackson's Run flows in from the east, heading with Woodbury's Run and Federal Creek. Below Milltield, from the east, How Boon, Stony Camp, and Lick Runs, and with these end all the eastern tributaries of Sunday Creek. On the west, one mile above Ohauncey, Sunday Creek receives the waters of Bailey's Run — a stream that gives name to a valuable seam of coal. We have been particular in describing Monda}' Creek and Sunday Creek and their chief continents because their mineral resources, especiallj* coal, are so vast, that every creek, branch, branch of branches, brook or rill will be noted among capi- talists and miners for some peculiarity of its mineral wealth, either in amount or quality, or in both. There is a remarkable feature in the head waters of Rush Creek, Monday Creek, and Sunday Creek, to which we desire special attention. Between the mouths ot Rush Creek, Monday Creek and Sunday Creek there cannot be less than forty miles, while Rush Creek and Monday Creek have, in part, the same water-shed, while the head waters of Sunday Creek are quite near. The pecul- iarity is in the sources of Rush Creek. They take their rise among the hills of Perry, on the western slope of the great divide between Monday Creek and Moxahala, and descend from the coal measures of Perry toward the Waverly group of Southeastern Fairfield. The general direction of the How of these three creeks indicates high lauds in the regions of the heavy coal and iron-ore deposits. The Mocking River has a large western affluent about one mile west of Athens, called Margaret's Creek. This stream is the nat- ural drainage of the western part ot" Athens County, including principally Athens, Waterloo, Alexander and Lee townships. Near its mouth it receives two branches, Little Factory ami Big Factory. Further up the stream comes in another branch, the East Branch; then the middle and west branches. There are many smaller affluents which we have not room, neither is it necessary, 92 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. to describe. The towns situated on its waters will be noticed in other chapters. The peculiarity of its drainage deserves a brief touch. Margaret's Creek is the water outlet of more surface rain- fall than its volume at its mouth would indicate. The philosophy of this fact of science may not be so readily understood. This part of Athens County is peculiar in its surface configuration. It is a high semi-table land, with some hills near Hocking River. Margaret's Creek has grooved this plain to perfect its drainage, though this drainage is as complete as the nature of the territory will allow; still, at the ordinary stage of water, the stream is slug- gish, and, therefore, by evaporation and absorption, an unusually large percent, of its waters never reach the river. Another result is obvious, large rainfalls are at times disastrous. Another infer- ence is, perhaps, correct. Table and flat lands are not generally rich in valuable mineral products, hence the natural process of exposure by rapidly flowing water is not required to expose any deep mineral resources. The Divine Author adapts his means to the ends designed to be accomplished. Drainage is not the entire object of our river systems. Irrigation and exposure of deep and otherwise hidden treasures are evidently had in view by the Author of Nature with all its elementary combinations. He that makes eyeless fishes where no light can ever penetrate would not up- heave and plow down the earth's crust without having in view some special object. Hocking Valley is not, by any means, destitute of the foot-prints of the Deity. Hocking Valley is a proof of his handiwork. About four miles below Athens, Hocking receives another small tributary called Stroud's Run. This stream has nothing worthy of special note. The next branch from the east is Federal Creek, so named from its thirteen branches. This creek heads principally with Sunday Creek and "Wolf Creek. The stream is not as large as Sunday Creek, but it has about it many interesting features. Its dividing ridges are rich with limestone formations. They fur- nish the. valley great mineral wealth by the decay of its limestone formations. Federal Creek was early settled by citizens from New England. Its various branches furnished homes for the early pio- neers of the county. It was on the Walker Branch that the "Coonskin Library " had its origin. Many of our ablest citizens, those whose names have been heard through the civilized world, claim this valley as their native land. Its minerals, such as iron ore and coal are quite valuable, and will, in coming time, attract pub- lic attention. Federal Creek has had many paying oil wells. For HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 93 some years it furnished a large amount of oil for the general mar- ket. The flood waters of Federal Creek are peculiarly rich in lime held in solution. The soil of this creek is the most productive of any other in the county, and quite exhaustless. Tributaries of Hocking below the mouth of Federal Creek are quite numerous, yet they are small, taking their rise principally in the river hills. They are devoid of sufficient interest to jus- tify any special description. They are short, and flow down steep declivities, making for themselves deep channels in the various rock strata. We have completed our survey of the river system of Hocking Valley, have carefully noticed its tributaries from its fountain head till its waters are seen mingling with its kindred waters of the noble Ohio. Many questions of interest might be discussed rela- tive to this river system. Of the seven river systems of Ohio, which is the most ancient \ for they are, geologically, quite dif- ferent in their ages and unlike in their growth. Their modes of formation and their movements and their mission are dissimilar. A few thoughts relative to the ages and mission work of the Ohio rivers will enable the reader better to understand the philosophy of the things in the Hocking Valley. To know that such things exist on and under a given district may be satisfactory to the masses; but, to the mind that desires to look into the reason of things, many questions step forward and demand satisfactory answers. Why do the things exist? Why in such a form % How long have they existed ? What made them ? Why are they formed ? Such queries have correct answers. We are surrounded by an endless variety of objects which, for convenience of explanation, we call ''things." They are principally effects. The causes that produced them may often be obscure. It is the object of the science of philosophy to make visible the reasons of things. Cast your eye over a large map of the State. Fix your attention upon one class of objects — rivers, for instance. There are seven river systems. Why differ in so many particulars? In the broadest sense there are but two river sys- tems: (1) The waters flowing into Lake Erie forming one system; (2) Those flowing into the Mississippi forming the other system (the seven being called sections). The causes of these variations lie below the surfaces of each district. 1. The Maumee Valley, embracing eighteen counties, shows glacial action over its entire surface, in its heavy drifts of bluish 9 I HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. clay intermingled with sand, gravel and boulders. Its drainage is peculiar. The St. Joseph River has no tributaries on the south, and the St. Mary is without any on the north. Old drift deposits determine the features of its drainage, whether to flie lake or to the Mississippi. 2. The Western Reserve drainage is sluggish, except where the streams head near the lake. Twelve counties lie principally within the lake basin. The rim is about 600 feet, in places, above the surface of Lake Brie. The Cuyahoga and Chagrin rivers are rapid and eroded ; deep valleys mark their (low to the lake. 3. The Ohio River section has its peculiarities of drainage. This section numbers four counties. It is drained principally by short affluents of the Ohio, taking their rise in the extremity of the spurs of the river hills. The valleys are, generally, deep erosions. 4. The Muskingum River Valley, having sixteen counties, has its name from its principal river, its system of drainage. It is a valley of erosion, it being noted for its small amount of drift, and, consequently, its large amount of native soil — that which is formed from erosion and disintegration of its own strata. Its drainage extends to the center of the State. 5. The Scioto River section includes fifteen counties. The Scioto River has great length in proportion to its volume of water. Its course Is from the north to the south, following one meridian in much of its southern division. Its branches are usually Lengthy, its western affluents predominating. The coal-measure hills give rise to its eastern tributaries. 6. The Miami forms another extended river system. It includes fifteen counties, and has an area of ti,44i> square miles. This sec- tion has the highest and the lowest land in the State : still the sur- face slopes so gradually, that the country seems somewhat level. The liver erosions have been moderate, the waters flowing tardily. It will be seen, from the sketch above given, that Hocking Valley has its peculiarities of drainage, the closer resemblances being found between it and the Scioto and Muskingum valleys. Hooking River system of drainage is more active, and. conse- quently, more perfect than that of any o( the other systems, if we except the Ohio River system, which is quite limited. One other remarkable feature in the Hocking River system .is worthy ofnotioe the direction and tlow o( rhe river itself. A single glance at the general course of Hocking River shows us that its HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 95 flow is in the direction of the greatest dip. It rises in the Waverly group and enters the Ohio River high up in the lower coal measures. Geologically speaking, therefore, its head spring is about 1,200 feet higher than its mouth, and the stream flows up — up the strata, but down the natural slope of the valley. This will be explained under the geological division . THE GEOLOGY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Having noticed its surface, structure and drainage, we propose to investigate the causes, which, in the past ages, have superin- duced these surface configurations and drainage. The rock for- mations of the valley are chiefly the coal measures. They are fire-clay, sandstone, limestone, coal and iron stone and shale. In Fairfield County we have the Waverly group, and the glacial drift, which also has its beds down the main valley of Hocking. The geology of this portion of Hocking Yalley, that of Fair- field County, will occupy but little space, since it has no very pe- culiar features. The northern and western two thirds of the county, are, to the geologist, somewhat monotonous. The fertility of the soil and its large, well-cultivated and well-stocked farms are the objects of attraction in this district. In the southern portion of the county the surface prospects assume a more rugged form; spurs, between which are seen the most lovely valleys, give signs of your proximity to the Alpine district of Ohio. The drift forms the peculiar geological feature of Fairfield. On the low lands wells reach the blue clay of the drift; and over nearly the entire surface are found gravel and boulders of the drift formation. The immense gravel beds and terraces along the Hocking River come from these immense drift deposits. The boulders, which are profusely scattered over the surface, vary in size from that of a few inches to the one on Baldwin's Run, whose dimensions are eighteen feet by sixteen feet. They are usually granitic, demonstrating their foreign origin. In some cases, how- ever, they are limestone, and are utilized by burning into quick- lime. * Fairfield, though covered in many parts with drift, lies within the Waverly formation, except one lofty hill near East Rushville, showing signs of the coal measures. Fairfield produces no coal. The products of her rich agricultural land are exchanged for fuel. The Waverly formation, which lies immediately under the coal measures, is seen most distinctly on Rush Creek, in a ravine be- 96 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tween East Rushville and West Rushville. The sandstone is fine grained, but too soft for building stone. The Waverly sandstone seen in the cliffs along the Hocking below Lancaster are coarse grained, passing into a conglomerate. Its color is rich yellow and dark brown. At times it is richly variegated. It forms the court- house at Lancaster, and some costly buildings in Columbus. The Waverly sandstone constitues the only mineral wealth yet found in the Fairfield division of the Hocking Valley. There is an increasing demand for this Waverly sandstone. Quarries are being opened and quite extensively worked. By the proximity of the Hocking Valley R. R. the rock may be readily shipped to the towns farther west. It may, in time, become valuable, and yield a very considerable revenue to the citizens dwelling in this portion of the valley. Still the Fairfield section of Hocking Valley must draw its principal wealth out of its soil. This will always place its industrious citizens among the most wealthy and thriving of the interesting valley. THE GEOLOGY OF HOCKING COUNTY. Passing down the Hocking Valley the next county we enter is Hocking. This section of the valley lies principally within the Waverly group. In this county the drift forms terraces along the Hocking River. The rocks of this county are the coarse Waverly sandstone, the conglomerate, and the Logan sandstone. Upon this sandstone as its floor is the Maxville limestone. The south- eastern part of the county comes into the horizon of the lower coal measures. The Waverly rocks have been noticed in their lower formations as seen in Fairfield County. Hocking County is rich in its mineral formations. Its sandstones are excellent for building purposes; its fire-clay has not yet been fully tested. It has lime- stone in considerable quantities, and good. It has beds of excellent ores of iron. Its coal is perhaps the most valuable of its mineral products. This coalfield lies on Monday Creek, and its waters flowing into it from the east and west. It contains the great coal seam of Ohio, usually called the "great vein, "or " Nelsonville " coal seam, it having been mined at Nelsonvile and in its vicinity for many years. This coal seam in many localities is a dry. burn- ing coal. It varies in thickness from six feet to thirteen feet. It lies high in the Monday Creek hills, and is mined by drifting. A vertical section passing from the mouth of Monday Creek in Fork Township to a point near New Straitsville, on the divide between HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 97 Monday Creek, extending down to the Waverly group and to the highest hill of the aforenamed water-shed would cut the various geological formations in about the following order: A limestone horizon, shales of various degrees of thickness, sandstones, three coal seams, several horizons of iron ore, and about an equal number of horizons of fire-clay, as they usually underlie veins of coal and iron ore. In this section the Bailey's Run coal seam shows an imperfect development, it being located too high in the Monday Creek hills. This will be more fully seen in a section further to the east. The Kelson vi lie seam shows well, though its location is rather high. One vein of iron ore has been worked to advantage by a number of furnaces. Mining, however, even in this district, is in a crude state, and, consequently, its formations are imperfectly ex posed. Many rich beds of iron ore may yet be exposed which have never yet been seen. Prospecting so far has done wonders in discovering and bringing to view its mineral resources. Much remains still to be accomplished in the exposure of its mineral wealth. THE GEOLOGY OF THE ATHENS COUNTY SECTION OF THE HOCKING VALLEY. This county takes in the entire valley of Hocking from a point a few miles above JSTelsonville to its junction with the Ohio at Hocking port, a distance of nearly forty miles. It lies wholly within the productive coal measures. More or less coal has been de- veloped over the principal portions of the county. For present use we shall have to confine our investigations to the Sunday Creek Valley, including the northen part of Athens County and the southern townships of Perry County. We select this district for various reasons: 1. Of the three eastern tributaries of the Hocking River, Monday Creek, Sunday Creek, and Federal Creek, Sunday Creek is the middle stream. Monday Creek is the stream where the great coal seam is high, and is mined by drifting; and, consequently, there must be a large amount of crop coal, and worthless. On Fed- eral Creek the great vein, if there, is deep and would require very heavy expenses to obtain it by shafting. On Sunday Creek we have the mean between the crop coal and expensive shafting. 2. Along the Sunday Creek Valley is the completed Ohio Cen- tral R. El., a road which, from its directions and pecuniary abili- 98 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ties, affords the best shipping facilities that can be found anywhere. Capitalists desiring to invest in coal and mineral property are in- terested to know what they are purchasing. In a vertical section 1,100 feet of vertical face, extending below the surface of the valley of the Waverly group, 500 feet; and from the creek to the summit of the most elevated hill, 600 feet, we have the vertical section of 1,100 feet. Beginning at the Waverly and passing upward, we can count the various geological formations. We shall not, at present, enumerate the strata, but simply the dif- ferent formations: 1. The rock containing brine, from which a vast amount of salt has been manufactured. We then alternate between the lime- stone shales and sandstone till we reach (2) fire-clay, of which there are many horizons. 3. Above the first fire-clay we have our first coal formation. The entire coal formation of this section measures about twenty- seven feet. Another valuable formation we discover in the face of the section. 4. Iron ore. This appears in various horizons and varies ma- terially in its per cent, of iron. 5. Another valuable geological formation appears — limestone. The limestone formations are numerous and quite pure. 6. Alternating with coal and iron ores, we have heavy shale deposits — still-water formations. There can be seen ( 7 ) various layers of sandstone? some of these layers are more than fifty feet thick and excellent for the manufacture of glass. Others are excel- lent for building stone. There are also beds of flagstone. Flow- ing in two porous blue ( 8 ) sand rocks is petroleum. 9. Illuminating gas flows with the oil and with salt water. All these mineral products are seen in the Sunday Creek Valley, and are found within the 1,100 , feet. Let us form them into a list: Gas, salt water, shale, fire-clay, limestone, sandstone, iron ore and coal. Such are our geological formations. On Federal Creek and continuing eastward to the rim of the Hoeking Valley basin is the Pittsburg coal seam, measuring about eight feet of coal. Above this coal are very heavy horizons of limestone, shales, marls, sandstone and iron ore. On Federal Creek, and on the East Branch of Sunday Creek are oil wells which have produced many thousand barrels of rock oil. The disintegration of the higher limestone formations has made for Federal Creek and other eastern tributaries of Hocking a soil of great productiveness. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 99 Their waters-sheds are full of lime, which being washed down the • slopes and into the valleys, produces a black soil, equal to any on the globe. Such is a brief outline of the geological formations of Hock- ing Valley, between the Waverly and Drift of Fairtield and the buff limestone of the eastern water-sheds. Our space will not allow us to say more about its geological formations. We now come to ex- amine another interesting feature of the Hocking Valley; it may be termed the analysis of its geology. ITS STRATIGRAPHICAL FEATURES. In our geological sketch we described each formation as a whole, such as shales, sandstones, limestones, fire clays, marls, iron ores, and coal. We shall now view these formations in their distinct horizons, or layers. All the formations native to the Hocking Valley are what may be termed sedimentary. The particles of which they are com- posed were held in solution by the waters of the ocean once cov- ering the entire globe. Hocking Valley cannot date beyond the Waverly. Its age is that of the lower productive coal measures. The valley is, geologically, young. Ages after the Laurentian Mountains of Canada and the Adirondack Mountains lifted their snow heads above the primeval ocean the Allegheny Range quietly slept be neath its turbid brine. In the revolving cycles, the loftiest peaks struggled into atmospheric life; through a series of risings above the sea surface, and fallings beneath it, the mountains stood forth to sink no more. By the upheaval of the Allegheny Mountains and the Cincinnati Arch, the Ohio River trough was formed, the western side of which has, in part, been grooved out into what is now called the Hocking Valley. The valley itself has, therefore, been formed since the deposit of all its eroded strata, and is more recent than the Cincinnati Arch and the Allegheny Mountains. The strata that form the lower coal measures are sedimentary deposits from the ancient ocean. And since coal is of vegetable origin, the for- ests which produced the coal must have grown above the waters; and afterward, submerged, and made the floor of later deposits. All the other strata, such as shales, fire-clay, limestone, sandstone, iron ore, were submarine deposits. In our division it is our purpose to notice these distinct sedi- mentary deposits, which aggregate about 1,100 feet in thickness. The lowest strata in the valley are the Waverly, in Fairfield County, covered by the glacial drift of a more recent date. This floor dates, 100 iiistoky OF BOOKING VALLBY. geologically, far baok of the coal moa me , incu the coal measures v<- i upon the upper Waverly as iti floor; our theme requires us to notice each layer lill we reaob tlie en item water lied. These strata rega/te aboul 1,600 feet, in vertical height; by this we mean thai i be oresi of i bo eastern water shed of i be I locking Valley is, geolog* ioally, 1,500 feel bigher than the Waverly floor of Fairfield, and thai the mouth of Flocking al I'lockingport is, stratigraphioally, at least L,000 feel bigher than il fountain source in Fairfield County, When speaking of strata ii musl nol be supposed thai each stratum is found iu every pari of the valley, nor thai they are of uniform thickness Shales vary in thickness from a few inohos to fifty feet. As thev were still water deposits, the duration of the si illness and the amount of theolay sedimenl and day and sand determine the amount of deposil Limei tone formations are nol uniform; nor are the sand rooks, iron ore and ooal deposits; the} often lie in pockets and lagoons We shall name suoh strata only as may be found Bomewhere In the valley, describing only where they are of speoial value. A:, we pass down the valley we shall pass up the strata, as one ascends a High I ofstairs, eaoh stratum being a step, or, as the shelves of a mineralogioal oabinet, eaoh stratum formings shelf, Commencing with the Waverly, as the floor of our cabinet, lei us note each shelf and its oontents a i we ascend h may be remarked, then, that Hie lirsi shell in our ooul meas lire ea lii net lia | I lie M a \ \ 1 1 le I i nu v itOIlO; I Ii i • lien . mi dOGS not 6X tend over the entire valley, still it is a large deposit in certain lo oalities, and is of oon iiderable value, I '• is n valuable deposil <>f the cabinet, The Bhale stratum is nexl inorderin the ascending stral igraphioal shelves, ^s the shales have nol been utilised, only by n 1 1 me in forming the ba lis of many of its soils, we shall pass them with o general remark, i hat they being still water deposits predom male ill enr valley S :i M> 1 «lel ei mi ne, piiuei pal I v , iheir e\|enl. The alternation of mineral rook deposits require sandstone Che i indstone strata are numorous, and vary exceedingly in their texture, Some aro i"' 1 wfl for building atone, othors bard ami shellj ; seme nre conglomerate and coarse grained, The ridges have specimens of glass rook over Aft} feel thick, rim Hooking Valley abounds in uxcollonl frees to jig belonging to th'i lowoi ooal measures Some of the rooks resemble the besl Wavorlj sands to no Phe valley tins extou ive beds of excellent fiagstono We therofbre plaoe our freestone stratum among our \aiuahle minerals. There are man\ hen ous of flre-olay Theeare in plaoos of oxoellont quality, >!•' IIOOKINO V .M.I IV 101 The> form the floors of our iron oro bods, ooal seams, and somo linn-, underlie limestone formations. Tin- tire olays are, therefore, of grout commercial value Hie str.ua thai lies bolow tin- ooal reins wo pass without furthor uotioo. Our mining operations will, porhaps, extend onl\ to tho lowor coal veins, which oropoul near Nelson villo, in tho Hooking \ ' al'e\ ■ . along Monday Oroek, md Lowor Snow l'\»rlv, :ii New Stfaitsville, Shawnoe, and is al tho dopth of aboul eight) feet in Lowor Sunday Crook Valley; al Corning, about forty foot; and :ii Rondvillo, but a low feel benoath the surface L'ho seams of coal in tho Hooking Valley, including its eastern tributaries, number in all six. Tho ftrsl is about twenty ox feet bolow tho ' groat ve n," known as the Nolsonvillo seam. It tnoas u res about three foot. The second vein is tho Nolsonvillo seam. It measures in tho [locking Valley proper about six foot. On Mom >!:i\ Creek it is six to ton fool thick; on tho v aters >>t' Upper Sunday Greek it measure. from seven to tnn foot, at one point thirteen feet, tn tho Lowor Suuday Crook Valloy, in tho shafts, il averages nine foot. This istheonlv coal whioh,from Hooking Valley, Has reached successfully tin- general market, rts excellent quality is admitted, ami tin 1 vastnoss of i he deposit places its v.iluo m tin- front rank of all tho mineral deposits of tho valle\ l?ho third seam of coal is about so von I y H> o feel abo\ o the Nolsonvillo seam. It averages, in thickness, about four and one-half feet. It is oallod the Bailey's Run ooal, and bolongs principally tt> Sunday Crook ami. as u has been tho only ooal over used in tin- 1 . >wor Sunday Crook \ r alloy,and lies at the baso of its hills, il may bo oallod the Sunday Crook ooal. It is not yol known in tho goueral market, It 1ms often been una d and coked, b\>r steam generation it is excellent, makes coke, and fordomestio uses it is not readily excelled Should it oomo into .".en ise tor ookingil will become of i in mouse value, A fourth seam of coal i^ found thirty Bovonfoot above the Bailey's Run coal, too thin, however, for mining oxcepl in mining a seam of ore ol which it forms tho floor, A tifth coal seam, two and one-half feel thick, lies About seventy live teet ROOVO tlie fourth seam Aboul 400 foot above the Uai lev's Run ooal oomes in tho Pittsburg or Pomoroj ooal seam. Phis seam closes tho [locking Valloy coal loams. Clio amount ofeoal in Hooking 18 imineuse. Centuries will bo rOUUirod to IllillQ ami remove ami nt :li o its vast deposits Alternating with our ooal seams and limestone strata are counted thirteen her; onset iron ore, Hooking Valloy Is looatod within the iron bolt of Ohio SOUIO Ol it • 01*08 have been in use lor iron making, tor al loasl, ono 102 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. half a century. Its veins of ore are, in certain localities, rich and productive. They vary from six inches to five and one-half feet in thickness. They yield by analysis from twenty-five to sixty per cent, of pure iron. Mixed with other ores they make an excellent iron. In Hocking Valley are found twelve horizons of limestone. Four of these spread through half of the valley, the other strata lie along the eastern rim. One deposit is about thirty feet thick, and very pure. Our eastern ridges are formed of heavy limestone layers. The principal strata, which we have enumerated, are found in the higher portion, and in the eastern division of the valley, com- mencing at the tops (top shelf in our mineral cabinet) of our east- ern hills and counting the strata as we descend the rock slopes: (1) The buff limestone; (2) Shales; (3) Sand rock; (4) Limestone; (5) Sandstone; (6) Iron ore; (7) Shale; (8) Pittsburg coal seam; (9) Fire-clay; (10) Rich nodular ore in thirty feet of red marl, nodules yielding fifty-five per cent, of pure iron; (11) Limestone; (12) Sand- stone; (13) Iron ore; (14) Ames limestone; (15) Shales; (16) Ferru- ginous clay stone; (17) Coal, two and one half feet; (18) Ferruginous limestone; (19) Black limestone; (20) Ferruginous limestone; (21) Shales; (22) Black band ore; (23) Coal, one and one half feet; (24) Big vein ore, five and one half feet; (25) Shales under fire-clay; (26) Bailey's Run coal, four and one half feet; (27) Fire-clay; (28) Limestone; (29) Iron ore; (30) Sandstone; (31) Shales; (32) Lime- stone; (33) Sand rock; (34) Shales; (35) Limestone; (36) Sandstone; (37) Black slate; (38) Nelson ville coal; (39) Fire-clay; (40) Sand- stone; (41) Limestone; (42) Shales coal, two and one half feet thick. Here ends the coal seams of the valley. This inclined plain, which was, by erosion, constructed into the Hocking Valley by the rising of the Land, must have had six for- mative periods when the surface was abjve the sea and remained above water until the growth of vegetation prepared materials for a vein of coal, when it again subsided, thus rising and falling till the last coal vein was formed, when, after the various strata were deposited, it arose to sink no mure. Such appears to be the pro- cess by which the Hocking Valley plain was formed. The valley was grooved into this inclined plain by running water. The Ohio River flowed toward the gulf down a series of inclined plains 100 feet b3low the plains down which its waters now flow. Rain fall- ing on this Hocking plain, the river, as a short river, begins to form by grooving out the strata, and floating the debris, suspended HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 103 in the running water, till the river had its head waters at Cool- ville, then as tar as Athens, to Chauncey, Nelsonville, Logan, Mill- ville, Sugar Grove, and finally a few miles beyond Lancaster. The tributaries were formed by a similar process, the eroded materials being carried into the main stream. In like m inner the branches of the branches, even to the smallest rills, were eroded. This pro- cess of erosion is still in progress, and would finally carry all the hills to the ocean, unless a new era should change the order of things. What a vast amount of eroded particles have been taken out of the valley. For the purpose of drainage, irrigation and exposure of the mineral resource, what a work has been, and is being, accomplished in the Hocking Valley. The earth truly is standing out of the water and in the water, and was thus formed; the strati, coal ex- cepted, were formed in or under the water, and the coal elements growing out of the water, but converted into coal under the water. Thus has the Architect of all the created universe, in his labor- atory in the ocean caverns, constructed a rich cabinet of minerals for exposition and future use. After constructing the materials for ages to come, and placing his mineral merchandise upon their appropriate stratigraphical shelves, he raises the entire materials above the deep, and begins the process of opening his grand exposi- tion. We have seen his erosive work. It is our duty to examine the effects that we may discover their intelligent, all-powerful cause. We have now examined the geological make of the Hocking Valley. We have walked up and down its strata, and noted their variety, their position, and searched into the modes of their formation. The age of the valley we have not given, and for the reason of our inability. ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE HOCKING VALLEY. What races of men occupied the Hocking Valley before the white man entered it, and its forest began to retire before the march ot civilization? To answer this question intelligently, and with en- tire satisfaction, requires more data than we are able to command. When the Europeans first entered the Hocking Valley they found it occupied by the Indians. But who were the Indians? Were they indigenous to the soil, natives, barn out of the earth of the valley, or were they exotics? Elias Bondinot, LL. D., held that the Indians were of the ten lost tribes of Israel. He made a collec- tion of many of their traditions, manners, and customs, and, from testimony which he deemed sufficient, came to that conclusion. 104 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Be hi* theory true or false, they were not aborigines of that valley. They came into the valley from some distant country. Their mode ot living originated their peculiarities of color and peculiar modes of thought. The Indians were not the Mound-builders, since they do not appear to have any knowledge of the time when the mounds were built, nor by whom they were eredted. It is very generally conceded that the mounds are tumuli. Another point is, perhaps, equally true: that they were built over distinguished chiefs, fallen in battle. The mounds occupy grounds, once battle-fields, since they are covered more or less profusely with flint arrow heads. These heads strewn over the ground indicate a battle-field. These mounds are quite numerous in Hocking Valley, on what is called Wolfs Plains, between Salina and Athens, were a number of very large tumuli. Two have been particularly noted. One of these mounds was quite demolished to make room for a school-house, an act of desecration to the tomb oi' the ancient dead. One that is now standing is not less than thirty feet high, and quite regular in its form, it being a cone. It was once not less than forty feet high.. The materials of which the mounds are com- posed vary according to the geological formations of the districts where they are erected. On the plains they are formed, principally, of the drift sand and gravel, these materials composing the plains. The materials were carried by many persons, and well packed, or storms of so many centuries as they hive seen would have washed them almost to a level with the surrounding plains. Tiie mound of which we are now speaking is in an excellent state of preserva- tion. Though times have been set to have it opened. Providence has defeated all the intentions of the mound desecrators. How long its once living human remains will be allowed to remain in their long and unbroken slumbers is not revealed. On the firm o( Daniel Weethee, in Dover Township, Athens County, two mounds have been opened; the one, about fifty years ago; the other, recently. The one tirst opened was on the Sunday Creek bottom. It must have been originally twelve or fifteen feet high and about twelve feet in diameter. It was surrounded, when first seen (1798) by a shallow ditch, formed by the removal ot' the dirt to construct the tumulus. It had on its slope bushes and a large tree. The surrounding lands were thickly Sprinkled with flint arrow-heads of all sizes, colors and shapes. Here and there were Btone-axes, black and gray. One implement was metallic, and answered, perhaps, for a sword. It has been so many "1&/p*&c&& HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 105 years since I saw it that I cannot describe it intelligently. In the center of the mound's base was a circular heap of dark mold, about two feet in diameter, evidently the dust of the person over whom the mound was erected. In that pile was found a ring, composed of metal, large enough to clasp the human wrist. It was rust-eaten and broken. The mound had been raised around and over the person standing. This must have been a battle-field, since the implements were those of war. Whether the field, at that time, was cleared, or covered with a dense growth of timber, cannot be clearly ascertained at this late period. We should suppose that the land was then under cultivation, since it would have been difficult to construct such a tumulus in the midst of an unbroken forest of beech, sugar tree, oak and hickory, as it was when Mr. Weethee, the first white man, entered it. If it were a cultivated field, the Mound-builders must have been advanced beyond the purely savage state. They might have been semi-barbarians as their arrow-heads and stone implements indicate. The second mound opened is on a hill. Its size and shape were about the same as those or" the one just described. It was constructed of materials that had to be con- veyed about one half of a mile, as they could not have been found any nearer. The contents of this mound were in a much better state of pres- ervation. Near the top were bones of what appeared to be a young child. Three skeletons were found resting on its base. Two o the skeletons were human; the third skeleton resembled that of a dog. This might have been for a fallen chief and his family. On an adjacent hill, overlooking the 270-acre field first described, is another mound, not opened. It is about the same size as that of the other two. Another mound, of similar size, and unopened, is located on a hill south of the battle-field. Relative to these four mounds and those on Wolf's Plains, if we be allowed to conject- ure the occasion of their construction, it would be about as follows: The Sunday Creek Valley and the plains were two great battle- fields, chosen as the ground on which to decide the claims of great rival powers. On the plains was fought the first bloody battle. The defeated army retreated up the Sunday Creek Valley. Being recruited from the north they made a stand. On the North Dover field was fought another engagement, more destructive than the first. Till the dead of those battle-fields can utter their true his- tory, our conjecture will, perhaps, come as near to the facts as our 106 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. data will allow. The fortifications of the Mound- builders show about the same skill. In a cave, on the same farm cm Sunday Creek, is a vessel, worked out of the rock, which was used as a kettle for boiling; whether it was constructed by the Indians or by the Mound -builders we have no means to decide. The materials out of which their arrow-heads and axes were made came from some other region, since we have no such strata belonging to the valley. They might have obtained their granite from the drift found in the Hocking River terraces, but this ti rift is foreign. It is true that they might have obtained their black Hint from Rush Creek, but whether they found their white and red flints in this locality we are unable to say; perhaps they did. They had stone implements whose uses we are not able to dis- cern. There is a mound on Minor's Branch of Federal Creek which possesses some peculiar features worthy of special notice. A circular area about twelve feet in diameter is sunk about two and one-half feet below the surface of the earth, around the cir- cumference of which were found lying, heads to feet, six skeletons; in the center of the area rested the seventh and the largest skele- ton. Over these the mound was erected. These must have died at the same period, since the seven rest on the same horizontal level and were covered at the same time. This account we have from Dr. Dennis Newton, of Trimble Township, Athens County. It is said that there are 10,000 mounds, and 1,500 eircumvallations in Ohio. Of what race were these Mound-builders has not been satisfactorily ascertained. That they were originally from Asia we feel quite sure. From a skull obtained from one of the mounds we are inclined to give them a Mongolian extract. They evi- dently came to America over Behring's Straits, which they could have crossed on the ice, or in small crafts. It would require cent- uries to have gone as far south as Central or South America. As they moved toward the south they advanced in their arts. That they came from Northeastern Asia and from that quarter peo- pled America will appear from this: that the American continent, between the great mountain range (consisting o( the Rocky Mount- ains in North America and the Andes Mountains in South America) and the Pacific Ocean, was first peopled and grew into powerful empires. The memory of the Mound-builders lias per- ished from the earth, and the rude monuments give us a tar more imperfect sketch of their being and character than that o\' the fos- sils whose tombs are in the earth's strata. BISTORT OF HOCKING VALLEY. 107 THE FAUNA OF HOCKING VALLEY. We are requested to describe the Hocking Valley in its three departments, or, kingdoms: Mineral, Animal and Vegetable. We have described its mineral or geological formations; and have dropped a few thoughts relative to its aboriginal inhabitants in their monuments; it now remains to consider its original animal and vegetable kingdoms. What beasts, birds, fishes, and reptiles originally occupied the valley ? This department we now propose to investigate. THE BEASTS OF THE VALLEY. When the first white man entered within the limits of the Hocking Valley, it was a dark, unbroken wilderness. The silence of its continuous forest was broken by the piercing cry of the eagle, the howling of wild beasts, and the whoop of the savage. The co-mingling of such wild, unusual, and discordant voices pro- duced a sense of loneliness to which the present occupants of the valley are utter strangers. Far from the cheering smiles of quiet civilization he is resolved to take up his abode with these untamed denizens of the valley. What were they that made his nights so dangerous and gloomy ? A few of its most dangerous occupants deserve special notice. Others will simply be named. (a.) Pum/i or Cougar, Fells concolor, leopard us concolor or puma concolor — one of the largest of the American folios, rivaled only by the jaguar. It is called panther {Felis pai'dus) called by the vulgar u painter." It is sometimes called the American lion. It does not often attack man, but has an unusual thirst for blood. One puma has been known to kill fifty sheep in one night, drink- ing a little blood of each. These monarchs of the forests were not numerous in the Hocking Valley, but their name always car- ried terror with it. When it was reported that a panther (painter) had been heard or seen in any district, the whole country turned out for a hunt, each man hoping to be the fortunate one to give it the death shot. This animal was the prince of beasts, though sometimes mastered and killed by a single dog. (b.) Bear — American black bear ( Ursus Americanus) were found in abundance, all over the valley. It was rather timid, but had great muscular power. It usually fed on berries;- seldom made an attack on man; but, when attacked it was very dangerous. The bear was hunted for the value of his fur and oil. Bear-hunt- 108 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ing was a chief pursuit in the early settlement of the valley, and a successful ''bear hunter" was enrolled among the honorable. Bear meat was a great relish. Long since has the American black bid adieu to his favorite haunts in the Hocking Valley, and retired to Western lands, from the face of his human foe, there to pursue in secret his own natural calling. (c.) The Wolf. — The gray wolf (Canis occidentalis) was the wolf usually found in the Hocking Valley, though now and then a black wolf was caught. The wolves roved in packs, and when hungry disputed with the early settlers the right of possession of the flocks, and at times challenged man to mortal combat. Their barking howl, breaking upon the ear at noon of night, reminds one of those fabled monsters that are said to guard the entrance to the realms of Pluto. Wolf hunts were very common and quite necessary. They, too, have been driven from the valley, and in a few more years even their name will not be known in the valley. (d.) Deer (Gervidce). — Deer were, in early times, very numerous in the Hocking Valley. They were hunted for their skins and flesh. Many families lived, principally, on venison, and made deer-hunt- ing their chief occupation. The deer have also retired from the valley. Here and there one may be seen, but they are so scarce as to render their hunting quite unsuccessful. The four kinds of animals formed those classes which were, perhaps, the most noted. While these haunted the valley, hunting formed one of the chief occupations. When they disappeared hunting became more of a sporting business. Other wild animals were numerous, some of which were valued for their furs, such as the beaver, foxes, otters, muskrats, minks; others may be enumerated, as the hares, squir- rels, mice, rats, weasles, porcupines, badgers. These animals occu- pied the valley at the time when the white mm first entered it. The smaller animals still continue. Foxes have been very numer- ous and often destructive on the poultry. The opossums were numerous. BIRDS OF THE VALLEY. The Eagle Family (Aquila) — deserves the first notice as it is the royal family among birds. The eagles were, in the early settlement of the valley, quite numerous, there being many species. The eagle has always been a noted bird. Its extraordinary powers of vision, the height to which it is able HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 109 to rise, its love tor wild scenery, and its longevity consti- tute it as a bird of poetic associations. " It was associated with Jupiter in the Roman mythology ; its figure on the standards of the Roman legions expressed and animated their confidence in victory." It is the emblem of our standard. The American eagle inspires the American soldier in the day of battle. The spe- cies of eagles formerly numerous in the flocking Yalley are: (a) The white, or bald-head eagle of America; the chosen emblematic eagle of American States, is also an erne, one of the eagle group; (5) The forked-tailed eagle was another species quite common in the early settlement of the valley. On almost any clear day of summer its piercing cry would call your attention. Looking to- ward the sun you would discover the eagle, with expanded wings immovable, and forked tail circling in a spiral path upward till it disappears in the boundless expanse above. That bird has also forsaken the valley. The bald eagle did much damage in the way of carry ing-off pigs, lambs and other small animals. Sometimes infants have been stolen. The Hawk {Falconidm) — is an " ignoble " bird of prey. This family has always had a full representation in the Hocking Yalley. The two most noted species are the (1) "'hen hawk," so called from its larger size; and (2) the " chicken hawk," one much smaller. A third species may be added, the " blue hawk." The three spe- cies are " ignoble " birds of prey. The}' are tar-seeing, and have always been disputants for a large share of the domestic products of the poultry. Our good and wise law-makers placed the family, for a time, under legal restrictions, but, for some reason, wise, per- haps, have signed for them, a reprieve. This large family is pleased with its treatment and fare, and has concluded to continue its resi- dence in the valley. The Owl {StrigidcB). — This family is the nocturnal section of birds of prey. It was once a very large family in the Hocking Valley, and made the nights hideous with its hootings. The owl family has always been one of poor repute, being a family of " evil omen." It has this bad reputation from gloominess of its haunts, such as old, dilapidated buildings, caverns, and the dark solitudes of the woods; and, especially, from its cry, " hollow and lugu- brious," but loud and startling, " heard during the hours of darkness, and often by the lonely wanderer. It is evidently from this cry' that the name owl is derived, as well as many of its synonyms in other languages, and of the names appropriated in different coun- 110 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tries to particular species, in most of which the sound oo or ow is predominant, with great variety of accompanying consonants. Many of the owls have also another and very different cry, which has gained for one of them the appellation screech owl, and to which, probably, the Latin name Strlx and some other names are to be re- ferred." Between the settlers and the owl family there has been a continued struggle as to the right of certain kinds of property, the owl being a noted thief and robber, sleeping in the light of day, but wide awake during the hours of darkness — having such a big eye and so peculiarly constructed', that it can see without light. The owl fam- ily still remains in the valley, following its old occupation. The eagle, the hawk and the owl were the principal families of prey; what the eagle and the hawk failed to accomplish in the light, the owl finished in the darkness. Birds of other families abounded in the valley. Enter the dark valley of the primeval forests in the hot and shady months, and the notes of a great variety of "feathered songsters " always salute the listening ear of the lonely traveler. These families prefer the retired wilderness abode to the cultivated lands of civilization. Other families soon formed an intimacy with the new comers of the valley. As the forests removed and the lands were made productive they came in for their share in payment for their "gabble " and musical entertainments. Of these there was a great variety, such as the buzzard, the raven, the crow, the dove, the lark, the quail, the par- tridge, the black-bird, blue-bird, the humming-bird, the wild turkey, water-fowls, and a great variety of swallows, martins, American mocking-bird (cat-bird),robin , whip-poor-will, yellow-hammer, wood- cock, wood-pecker, and many other families; these continue in the valley, and prefer the haufits of civilization. One other family of birds should not be overlooked, since it outnumbered the sum of all others, viz., the wild pigeons. Flocks of pigeons often in their flight darkened the whole heavens. Their roosts were so crowded and large that they broke down forests. This family have now deserted the valley for homes more retired. FISHES (PISCES) OF HOCKING VALLEY. The Hocking River and its tributaries, were abundant in their supply of excellent fish. Some have been caught weighing fifty pounds. They were of many varieties, and of nearly all sizes. Those prized mist for food were the pike, weighing from one pound HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Ill to ten pounds; the black perch, sometimes called bass; white bass; the sucker and salmon. The cat fish, sometimes called " mud cat," is now, by far, the most abundant in the Hocking waters. It grows, sometimes, to a very large size, and affords an excellent supply of choice food for the inhabitants of the water courses. During early spring, fishing is made a pleasing and profitable amusement. To fish with a hook and line, standing in the water up to the middle, was one of the early pioneer spring and summer occupations. Should our waters be supplied with foreign varieties of choice fish, the time may come when Hocking River and its affluents will yield the citizens of the valley a satisfactory income. Fish culture, in point of commercial value, will, perhaps, compare favorably with grain products, provided, however, that the culture is prop- erly guarded. THE REPTILES OF HOCKING VALLEY. When first discovered, the valley was full of reptiles. (1) Ophi- dia, or serpents; (2) Sauria, or lizards; (3) Chelonia, or tortoises. The serpents were of many species: (1) The rattle-snake; (2) Cop" perhead; (3) The black-snake; (4) The striped snake; and (5) The "racer." These were the most common of the serpent family. The rattle-snake and the copperhead were very poisonous. The rattle-snake always gave warning, and was not, therefore, so dan- gerous as the copper-head, which accomplished its deadly work from an ambush. The racer was not poisonous; still it was dan- gerous in its mode of attack, coiling about its victim, and, sud denly, and with great power, crushing the object. There were combats between the rattle-snake antl the racer which resulted in the total destruction of the former. The serpents of the poisonous species have become scarce, except in a few localities. Lizards in the Hocking Yalley are small, and without any special interest. About the same may be said of the tortoises; some few species are used as food. The insects of the valley were also numerous, some of which are useful. The wild honey-bee belongs to that class. Many species may be placed in the rank of pests. Our space will not allow further notice. Before closing our notice of the Fauna of the Hocking Valley, it may be well to notice some ancient animals that once occupied the valley but are now either extinct or have long since retired to other regions. 112 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Among these we may reckon the buffalo, and the mastodon. That both of these species once made Hocking Valley their homes, we have sufficient proof. On some of the points of the spurs, on the east of Sunday Creek, in Trimble Township, Athens County^ are buffalo beats — spaces covering several square rods of ground. These are trodden very hard. They were localities where, in hot weather, buffaloes congregated to beat Hies. The points of ridges were selected by them as watch towers, to give alarm at the ap- proach of an enemy. What proof, it maybe asked, is there that the mastodon ever inhabited the Hocking Valley? About fifty-one years since, the Hocking River, during a high flood, on its east bank, on the farm of William Courtney, one mile above Athens, washed out part of the skeleton of a mastodon. It was in the alluvial bank, about thirteen feet below the surface. Its molar teeth and some parts of the jaws remained; still', exposed to the air they began to slack. They were removed to the museum of the Ohio University, where they remained for many years. From the size of those parts obtained the size of the animal was approxi- mately estimated at about eleven feet high and sixteen feet long. It was deposited in the water, or mud of the river. Whether it died there, or washed there from some other part of the valley, cannot be ascertained. It was not found, however, in the glacial drift. That the buffalo and the mastodon once fed upon the banks of the Hocking River, passed up and down its numerous branches, roamed over its ridges, and stood upon its spurs, cannot be a mat- ter of any doubt. They had left the valley before the white man entered it; how long before is a matter of conjecture. From the condition of skele- tons, the mastodon and the Mound-builders might have been face to face. But, aside from the ancient denizens of the Hocking Valley, let us view the inhabitants of the valley when first seen by the Cau- casian. Not a tree has yet fallen before the ax of the white man. Among the waving branches of the heavy timbered bottoms, and on the stately oaks of the hills, are heard the notes and cries of birds of various plumage, new and Btrange. The Indian whoop, the panther's cry, the hoarse growl of the bear, the howl of the wolf, mingled with thousands of notes of living organism, fall upon his ear, as from the animated beings of a new world. Is he dream- ing^ or, does he behold the animated beings of a literal country, like the one left behind him? HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 113 Are these numberless organisms indigenous to the soil, like the trees that grow out of it? or, are they the offspring of an eastern ancestry, that, in ages long-passed, found their way over a pathless ocean? Have the human family one center, or many? Do ani- mals follow the same law of unity? These points are unsettled in the minds of many learned men. The animals of the new world had their laws of natural combination corresponding with a new human development, each to move in unison as another great whole in the divine government. THE FLORA OF THE HOCKING VALLEY. The flora concerns those trees and plants which are indigenous to the district. We shall, under this term, include the botany of the valley, as it was when first settled by Europeans. A few gen- eral remarks will be of use to a proper understanding of what shall follow. The Arctic flora of Europe, Asia and America resemble more closely than that of the equatorial regions. The same holds true of their fauna. This affords an argument in favor of the idea of one floral center. Species in the three grand divisions are not alike. Trees of the same name differ in America from those in Europe and Asia. These variations are mostly the result of cli- mate and soil, and not because of different original centers; the families are more alike than their species. The family name is not changed, but the species differ. The American forests, as in Europe and Asia, consist of pines, oaks, birches and willows; but they are not like those that cover the plains and mountains east of the Atlantic. The same is true of other trees, such as poplars, elms, planes, maples, hazels, and other families of trees, and, also, it holds good with roses, brambles, strawberries, bilberries, etc.; it is true also of grasses, common flowers, and weeds. Each zone, therefore, has its peculiar flora. The change in the species is evi- dently the result of a change in the soil and climate. The oaks and pines on the mountains of Mexico differ from the Arctic oaks and pines of America. Geological formations vary the features. Look at the white oaks, growing on thin hill land, rich north side hills, southern and western exposures, on rich bottom lands, on lands containing much iron, lime or sand, those that are on wet, cold and sour soils. We conclude, therefore, that the flora of a country varies with its geological formation, temperature, light and heat. We speak of a white oak soil, a walnut soil, buckeye soil, 114 HISTORY OF DOCKING VALLEY. beach soil. Each soil is adapted to its peculiar flora. The seeds being in the soils will not germinate unless the laws of germina- tion are met. This is true of all floral seeds. Put a heavy coating of lime on afield and, without sowing, clover springs up from seed already in the earth. These laws of germination understood, we proceed to investigate the flora of the Hocking Valley. ITS FORESTS. No one passing for the first time (18S3) through the various sections of the Hocking Valley, noting carefully its cultivated fields; its railways, villages, towns and cities; its coal, salt, and iron establish- ments, can form any fair picture of Hocking Valley and its tributa- ries one century since. All its bottom lands were then shaded by a very dense, high, and heavy growth of green, healthy trees, com- posed of immense sycamore, poplars, black and white walnut, black and white ash, buckeye, beech, soft and rock maple, white, black, red and yellow oak, standing so dense when clothed with foliage, as not to allow the sun's rays to penetrate to the earth; turning bright noon-day into twilight. What immense labor to consume those primeval forests. The hills were covered with a dense growth of oak, hickory, ash; here and there pine, poplar, maple and some few other species of forest trees. The ravines, slopes, and plains were covered with a mixture of the bottom and upland growth. These dense forests have given way to the march of civilization. Over a large portion of the valley there is nothing left to teach the rising generation the majestic beauty of nature's original clothing. What is a cornstock beside a venerable oak, or poplar, or ash, or syca- more? What are our steepled houses beside the beauty and the glory of "God's first temple"? These forests, so wantonly mutilated and destroyed, have been the necessary servants of the citizens of the valley, by supplying them with fuel, bridge, fencing and building materials, and by satisfying various other wants. There has been, however, a great waste of timber; thousands of acres of choice timber were burned. The "log rollings" of early times are sufficient testimony of the truth of the assertion. Could that choice timber have been sawed into lumber and protected it would have supplied the wants of many generations, but where then were their portable saw-mills and the men to work them? Steam itself was yet slumbering. Relative to the flora of the Hocking Valley something should be said relative to its tree families, their location, growth, and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 115 particular habits. Many families, each consisting of several mem- bers or species of trees, formed the vast wilderness of the Hocking Valley. Sometimes miles were occupied by the members of a sin- gle family, such as the oak family; in other localities the family of hickories held almost exclusive possession; in another poplar; beech, another, and so on through the catalogue of families, each family occupying the land that best suited it, forming all over the valley "little squatter' 1 sovereignties. Other localities were covered with family mixtures. Nut that they amalgamated, but that they were not exclusive in their habits; they grew up quietly in the same beautiful grove. Such habits do not come by chance; they must spring from philosophical causes. Why such habits among the more noble families of the floral kingdom? Be it true or false, we venture an explanation. Seeds, the parentage of veg- etation, were the result of an original creation. Whether they were created in one place and distributed or were formed where they afterward germinated, we do not say. The seeds, through some agency by the waters of the flood, by birds, or by some other means, entered the soils in every quarter of the globe, waiting there for favorable conditions of germination, each variety or fam- ily varying in its conditions. They may have been placed there in the original creation. The ground is full of seeds not sown by the hand of man; how long sown there is not known. Seeds retain their vitality many centuries; instances are given which would show that some varieties (grains of wheat about Egyptian mummies) have held their vitality forty centuries. Corn in the tombs of the Incas has vegetated. "After the great fire of London, in 1666, plants not previously common sprang up abundantly on the waste ground; certain plants previously unknown there are sure to appear after a fire in the American forests, in deep trenching of land, or turning up of the soil, by railway or other operations, producing a crop of some kiud of plants unknown or rare in the locality." The seeds then that have produced these families may have been in their local- ities ages before exposed to their various conditions of germination. The seed of the oak might germinate in one place; those of the beech in another; of the poplar in another, each variety of seed germinating in that locality best adapted to its growth. Thus we call one soil a beech soil, another oak, another walnut, because best adapted to that peculiar growth. These tree preferences and habits are well understood, and followed in the purchase of lands. Each geological formation has its distinct flora. It is not our 116 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. purpose to discuss fossil botanj r , but simply to give some account of what might be the origin of the Hocking Valley forests. These forests sprang up among the debris ot the lower coal measure, yet they are infants in age compared with the duration of those meas- ures. To the cretaceous formation many of the genera now living are said to belong. "They formed the forests of that period, and the fossil remains show that their appearance was much the same as now. Among the living genera represented were the oak, pop- lar, plane, willow, beech, sassafras, magnolia, fig, maple, walnut, tulip tree, etc." That the seeds were long in their various locali- ties, and were not therefore brought from the Old World, will appear when we learn that many are natives of America, such as maize (Indian corn) and the potato. The wild flowers of the Hocking Valley were exceedingly numer- ous and of many varieties. We have no data by which any botanical description can be given, neither will our limited space permit such a scientific notice. We simply describe it as the first settlers saw it. Wherever the sun was permitted to warm the earth, seeds of unknown plants germinating sprang up in profusion. The deep soils of the river and creek bottoms soon brought them into bloom. One of nature's flower gardens would extend many miles, showing every size, shape and shade of color. Such a profusion and co-mingling of odors and tints can exist only in the gardens of nature's planting. You might walk seventy miles and still be surrounded with this wild Eden bloom. The rose, the pink, the violet, the tulip and the lilies! Who could count the numbers or tell their varieties? We have floral exhibitions of our times, but they would not favorably compare with one of Nature's exhibitions in the Hocking Valley of those early days. Over hills, up ravines, along the slopes, on the plains, in the valleys, over a space of 2,000 square miles, from April till September, was this beautiful flower garden on exhibition. How true to nature are these lines: " Full many a flower is born to blush unseen, And waste its sweetness on the desert air. " METEOROLOGY OF THE HOCKING VALLEY. Meteorology discusses atmospheric phenomena. We shall con- fine our remarks to those phenomena that relate to weather and climate. This department of nature has, so far, refused to submit HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 117 to any regular system of well-defined laws. At least it has been very reticent before the most distinguished savants. The element that we breathe, and in which we live and move and have our being, is too intimately associated with our health and happiness to allow us not to be familiar with its nature and habits. Let us look into the character of this constant companion. Pure atmosphere is the element of life. Impure air is a death angel. Whatever, then, affects its purity or condition as a breath- ing element, or as a faithful servant and companion, should be made familiar. The atmosphere is the home of those meteors that so much affect the human family, viz.: Dew, clouds, fog, rain, hail, frost, lightning, and storms of wind, rain, hail and snow. Its temperature and weight are constantly varying. Whatever chauges its weight, its temperature, its moisture or its motion or direction has a direct bearing on our health and our enjoyment. We speak, also, of its electricity. In every light, therefore, atmospheric changes affect our happiness more sensibly than any other natural department. All nations are watching its changes, that, if possible, they may discover the laws which govern its greatest meteor storms, how to forecast storms, and, consequently, to avoid their terrible effects. If its tornadoes, or cyclones could be seen twenty-four hours in advance, much ot their damages could be avoided. To prevent rains when too abundant, or to cause showers in times of drought, would be a great achievement. We hold that the atmosphere is like water, under the control of specific laws; that these laws will finally be known, and meteorology will be brought under the theorems and problems of all true sciences. This, however, will not be accom- plished until the influence of disturbing causes are distinctly ascertained. Then storms will be accurately predicted and their forces ascertained. The 2,000 daily observations taken in all parts of the world is bringing about an important era in the history of meteorology. All that aid in that work are public benefactors. Every river system has its own meteorological peculiarities . The course of the river and its branches, and the nature of its soils, determine the character of its atmosphere. These, united with temperature and the rapid or tardy flow of the streams — all these combined — make its peculiar atmospheric features, The atmos- phere of the Mississippi is subjected to two currents of air, between which there exists a continuous struggle; a cool, dry wind from the north and northwest, and a sultry wind, charged with vapor, from 118 HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the south and southwest. Were it not for the struggle for the ascendency between these opposing winds the Mississippi Valley would long since have been a desert waste. The reason of this will appear when a third atmospheric current is traced. A west wind, saturated with vapor, starts from the Pacific, east- ward, direct for the Mississippi Valley, in the same latitude. Pass- ing over the Coast Range, with the fall of temperature its capacity to hold moisture decreases. There it parts with a portion of its vapor. It does not recover its full capacity when it meets with its second mountain range (the Nevada), where it makes its second deposit, this range being higher than the coast range. Having passed the third range (the Rocky Mountains) it descends the east- ern slope a dry wind. Crossing a vast extent of country with a higher temperature it has no moisture to precipitate, it reaches us a dry west wind. Should there be no north and south winds we should have no rain. Two currents, one cool, the other warm and saturated with vapor, make a general rain fall — what we call k ' steady rains." Summer showers are produced by the law of condensa- tion, but in another way; a warm, saturated current moving up- ward meets a cold stratum of air, part of its vapor being condensed is precipitated in the form of rain or hail. The law is the same in each, but they differ in mode and direction; the one is horizontal, the other vertical. With this view before us let us examine the lay and peculiar features of the Hocking Valley. Its course is northwest and southeast, the direction of the two contesting cur- rents of air — the line of advance and retreat of the contending ele- ments. The storm belt is where the contending winds meet. If the wind is southeast the storm is further north; if south, then we have a northwest wind. Our various winds have the following characteristics in Hocking Valley: A south wind, east wind, or southeast wind in the spring, fall and winter bring a storm, be- cause the}' being warmer and saturated with vapor meet a cold wind which precipitates a portion of its moisture, and will continue to storm till they are driven southward, and the wind, in common language, shifts to the north, northwest. The true expression is, the colder or opposite wind prevails and Iris driven the warmer wind and, consequently, the storm belt , to the south. The rains in the valley are local, often covering less than a mile square. Se- vere and protracted droughts are seldom known in the Hocking Valley. The reasons are obvious : The valley has so many hills and ridges that they serve to introduce heated rising currents of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 119 moist air; these rising currents carrying their vapor with them it is condensed and falls in rain. Hence it is said that turning up so as to show the under surfaces of the growing leaves is a sign ot rain. It shows the existence of upward currents of air, which in- dicate rain. A west wind is usually a dry wind for reasons already given. East winds, those due east, bring rain only when they are heavily charged with vapor — for meeting a cool, dry west wind, much of its vapor will be absorbed. The winds of the Hocking Valley are very much broken, owing to so many breaks. Every hill is a wind-break. In the North Fairfield division the winds are more uniform, the country being level. The north and west winds have no obstruction, but in every other section the hills, spurs and ridges " chop " the winds. Among the hills it is difficult to determine the general course of winds, ex- cept by the clouds. "Within one mile square the wind at different points blows at the same time from every quarter, it meeting with obstructions. Four persons meeting after a heavy blow, might thus speak: A. — We had a severe north wind this morning. B. — No, sir; it was a west wind. C. — You are both mistaken; it was an east wind. D. — You must all have been dreaming, for I was on a hill and know that it came from the south. They were all correct, for (chameleon like) it had a course for each. In this man- ner the valley in a hot summer's day, when upward currents are forming, is full of eddies or local whirlwinds. The winds of the valley are, therefore, peculiar. Its climate, for the same reasons, is peculiar also. It has every kind of exposure. On the same farm there are summer gardens and winter gardens, summer fields and winter fields in one locality, owing to the exposures being nearly a month earlier than another. This climatic variety gives Hocking Valley an advantage in fruit culture, since there is scarcely ever a season in which the fruits ot all its localities are destroyed. From its conformation it has its share of f >gs and clouds, rains, snows and storms. The valle} r , at times, has had its tornadoes, yet they have been quite limited, since all the hills combining soon put an end to their devastations. The evaporation of the valley is also very unequal. The whole structure of the valley tends to de- stroy atmospheric equilibrium. Storms must be the result. One question deserves further notice : Has the valley civilization changed or modified its meteorological phenomena? What atmos- pheric changes have resulted from clearing, draining and culti- L20 history OF HOOKING VALLEY. mating the soil, and erecting villages, towns and cities, and establishing manufactories, constructing railways and other im provements ' The writer of this article has kepi a weather journal for aboul fifty years foluob of thai time he has been e citizen of the Hook- ing Valley. He speaks, therefore, from positive knowledge when Baying: The seasons are nol now whal they were one half a century ago. The four seasons have been changed, nol thai they are opposite In character, but that there has been many atmos pheric changes and modifications. The valley evaporation has been made over and vastly aug mented. The letting of the sun's rays, unobstructed by dense foresl i, falling upon the earth lias greatly increased evaporation. Streams thai once flowed during the entire summer are dry, only after shown- 1, This vapor, floating in the at mosphere, must change ii density and tend to produce local rains. The cultivated fields are great absorbents, so thai the size of the streams, except in heavy rain ''all;, i; reduoed. Much of the land since the removal of it- forests lies in its unite I suffers the extremes of he it and OOld, BOWing 111 LtS bosom the seels ol o msumption Thi i epidemic tendency is oommunicated to the at mosphere, robbing i1 of its freshness and vitality. We breathe a cultivated air, impregnated with a thousand malarial impurities The improvements of the valley have changed its atmospheric phenomena, Prof. J. P. Espy, the "storm king," used t<> say : "Give me fuel enough and I can break up any drought." A greal up ward fin rent thus produced would carry with it a mass of VapOl' to be condensed and fall in rain. Am upward currenl musl bo pro duced I" haVQ rain-fall in the sunnier. It is said that it rains every day in mil around London; bo many fires in suoh a small space produce upward rain ourrents. These disturbing elements are increasing in Eooking Valley, and their results are apparent. Am cause thai tends to breakup the atmospheric equilibrium Introduces :i storm element. Mm has, therefore, introduced meteorological ohanges. These disturbing causes will i nor ease a the valle\ till, up with m working, enterprising population. A coil district is subject lo a greater flow of water, and, therefore, atfeots the atmosphere. Human industrj so muoh ohanges the meteorological phenomena thai it is diilicult to prediol aoourately ooming ohanges of weather. Every person should learn the names and peculiar characteristics of the 0loud8, winds and all such history OP' llocKlNii VALLEY IL'I meteorological phenomena as affect either his health, oharaoter or basines The natural history oftho Eiooking Valley has boon briefly <>ui lined, li now remains to aggregate its principal features and sketch it future. Thai seotion of Ohio known as the [looking Valley was once an irregular block of mineral doposits, about eighty miles long by thirty miles wide, and L.200 feel deep, resting horizontally on the Waverly group, oomposod ofaboul six geological formations, via Sandstones, sb ties, limestones, Bre day, coal and Iron ore) consisting of nearly LOO layers or strati) resting upon eaoh othei hori :ontally, as they were deposited ft'orn the primeval ocean, and, al thai time, under its waters. Its upper surface was smooth, horizontal and level. Thai plain was some feel above the Irishes! poinl of the eastern water-shed, the hills being lowered by ages of erosion When these stral i were ftui ihod to the smooth surface of the lasl and highest stratum, a great goologioal change took place The Cincinnati A.rch and the Allegheny Mountains arose out of the bosom of the waters, carrying up with them the strata intervening to an elevation above the sen level, and inclining so n • to form the longitudinal trough, the bottom of which is now oooupiod by the waters of the beautiful Ohio. Since thai noted upheaval which oxtendod over thousands of miles, there was uo Further submora ence of the Hocking \ r alle) section. The work oi the valley formation by erosion then commenced. The Ohio River flowing in a channel LOO feel lower than its present ohannol, made its tribul irios and sub tributaries orod • vi ry rapidly. 11 >ok u •• R ver then ran in a channel about LOO feet l »«>l. »w its present bed, A.11 ii • tributaries noar their mouths wore LOO feel lower than now. This made their il >w much more rapid , :m 1 the growing proi w is very active. Every flood carried oul of the tributary val :ui immenso amount of eroded debris. Thus w:»s the 11". \ alloy form id and fu ihionod into il i pre icnl I ■• an l ihape * I • other mo litication of the depth and face of the chief \ alle^ des >r\ o i notice. A glaoial epoch followed with a temperature of Greenland In the II »okin •; Valley an J over I h • c intin mt. [mmeuse ma isos ol loo were formed, binding up in their glacial fetters millions ol tons of land, gravel and boulders This was followed by a 10 far as to detach icebergs, whioh, floating louth, south 122 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. east, by melting, deposited their drift, boulders, clay and gravel. All the Western and Northwestern Ohio was leveled up with this drift. A large amount was deposited along the Hocking Valley, through which the river has cut its modern channel. Such is a brief sketch of the formation and shaping of the present Hocking Valley. Had it not been for the upheaval there would still have been a sea to occupy its present site; there could have been no erosion; and without erosion, the geological and strati- graphical formation of the valley would never have been known . This great upheaval gave birth to the valley, with all its living organisms. It wis evidently elevated above the ocean waters and made and shaped by erosion for some wise purposes. The im- mense mineral deposits of the Hocking Yalley, exposed by the up- heaval and erosion, are sufficiently indicative of the intention of its Creator. The topography of the Hocking Valley is peculiarly varied. It would be a difficult task even to count its ridges, spurs, hills, m.umds, gulches, ravines, slopes, valleys and plains; its fountains, rills, rivulets or creeks; and its various bodies of water. Such a pleasing variety never tires the eye. But, to the geologist pre- paring to benefit mankind by his untiring researches, the Hocking Valley is a theater of unusual interest. Its mineral formations are remarkably rich and exceedingly varied. Of these, its early inhabitants knew but little. There are no remains of any struct- ures in Hocking Valley that indicate any extended use of its sandstones, limestones, shales, fire-clay, coal or iron ores. Flint supplied the place, principally, of iron; cones of earth, that of m irble m >nu nents. h\ the midst of untold mineral wealth, they pursu ■62, T. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 133 R. Stanley; 1862-'66, Henry S. Neil; 1866-'6S, Joseph Bradbury; 1868-70, Homer C. Jones; 1870-72, H. C. Jones and T. C. Welch; 1872-74, Win. Nash; 1S74-7S, J. R. Filson; 1S7S-'S0, Lindsey Kelly; 1880-'82, L. Kelly and W. C. Cline. REPRESENTATIVES IN STATE LEGISLATURE FROM THE HOCKING VALLEY. ATHENS COUNTY. Athens, Washington, Gallia and Muskingum Counties — 1S05- 6, Elijah Hatch; lS06-'7, Lewis Cass, Levi Barber and Wm. A. Puthoff; 1807-'8, John P. Bureau, James Palmer and John Matthews. Athens and Washington Counties — lS08-'9, William Woodbridge and Leonard Jewett; 1809 -'10, Wm. R. Putnam and Simeon Pool; lSlO-'ll, Wm. R. Putnam and Samuel P. Hildreth; 1811-'12, Samuel P. Hildreth and Jehiel Gregory; 1S12-'13, Jehiel Gregory and Sardina Stone; 1813-'14, Sardina Stone and Eiijah Hatch; 1814-'15, Jehiel Gregory and John Sharp; 1815-'16, Henry Jolly and Robert Linzie; 1S16-'17, Sardina Stone and Robert Linzie; 1817- , 1S, Nathaniel Hamilton and Sylvanus Ames; 1818-'19, Sylvanus Ames and Joseph Barker; 1819-'20, Ephraim Cutler and Elijah Hatch. Athens County— 1820-'23, Elijah Hatch; 1823-'24, Ezra Hull; 1824-'25, Edmund Dorr; 1825-'27, Robert Lin- zie; 1827-'28, Calvary Morris. Athens and Hocking Counties — 1828-'29, Calvary Morris; 1829-'30, John Gilmore; 1830-'31, Andrew Crockett; 1831-'33, Ebenezer Currier; 1833-'34, Isaac Lottridge and Andrew Crockett; 1834-'35, Elijah Hatch; 1835-'36, Calvary Morris. Athens and Meigs Counties — 1S36-'3S, David Jones; 183S-'40, Andrew Donnally; 1S40-'41, A. Yan Yorhes; 1^41-'42, J. B. Ackley and Stephen Titus; 1842-'43, J. B. Ackley; 1843-'45, Columbia Downing: 1845-'46, Thomas Irwin; 1846-'47, Horace S. Horton; 1847-'48,Robert G. McLean; 1848-'50, Joseph K. Will, lS50-'52, N. H. Yan Yorhes. NEW CONSTITUTION. Athens County— lS52-'54, N. H. Yan Yorhes; 1854-'56, Sam- uel B. Pruden; 1856-'60, N. H. Yan Yorhes; 1860- , 62, A. B. Monahan ; 1862-'64, J. W. Bayard ; 1S64-70, Wm. P. Johnson; 1-70-74, N. H. Yan Yorhes ; 1874-78, C. H. Grosvenor ; 1878-'80, Charles Townsend ; 1880-'82, Charles Townsend, elected Secre- tary of State, C. L. Kurtz, successor; 1SS2-'S4, C. L. Kurtz. I :i HISTORY OT HOOKING \ u u v . HOOK1 NO) 001 N i \ ■ [looking and Pi oka way Counties 1820-'21, John Barr, Samne] Lybrand; L821-'22, Caleb Atwater, Valentine Keffer; l822-'24, Samuel Lybrand, Valentine Kofier; L824-'26, Joseph Olds, Jacob Lindsey; L826-'27, raoob Lindsey and Guy W. Doanj L827-'28, Francis S Mnhlenbnrg, Valentine Keffer, Hooking and Athena l828-'20, Calvary Son I l9-'80, John Gilmour; is;;o\;i, Andrew Orookett ; I Ebene oi Currier; L888-'84, [saao B. Lottridge, Andrew Orookett; is;!':;., Elijah JJatohj is.-.;. V.i;, Oalvarj Morri Hooking and Fairfield Counties L886-'88, Wm. Medill, John Gray bill; LSSS-'SO, John Brough; L889-'40, Lewis [lite, Jamos Spenoer. Hooking, R is . Pike% and Jaokson Counties 1840-'41, James T, Worthington, John Stinson, .1 os . Kay lor; IS41V42, Le Grand Byington, John Jamos, Daniel Kooshner; 1842 '48, La Grand Byington, Elihu Johnson, Wm, Nelson ; L848 '44 Wesley Olaypool, Joseph Kayler, A. R Cassidy, Hooking and i;,. ■. t lounties i s 1 1 ' 15, Joseph Kayler; 18 1.'< ' t6, James Gib L846-'47> Joseph Kayler; L847-'48, J, A. Green. Hooking, Perry, and Fairfield Counties L848-'49, 1 aao Lorimer; l849-'50, N. P, Colburn, Hooking and Perry Counties LSSO-'Sl, 0, W, James, \i w 0ON >ni i i.'\ Hook i ■;■■ County 1862, '54, W, James; i s ;> i ';> ; , Reuben Huston; l8fi6-*60, George Johnson; I860 84, Manning Stiers; l864-'68, Wm s. Dresbaoh; L86S-'72, Wm C ^.oker; LS7S Oaklej Case; LS76-'78, \\ M Bowen; l878-*82, - s S w 1882 '84, Wm \ V\ \ | \ i\>\ COUNT* \ i w CONST! n N0N Vinton and Jaokson Counties LS52-\*i4, D, r D, Hurd; 185 i '.'< ; . w m, Uobert I' Stephenson, resigned, snoooodod by W m L, Edmund 186CV02, Uex, Pieroe; L862- % 64, lohn Foe; l864-*66, E v Bratton; i v - \".',w I Swa in; i s . '".•.'. A.lmond Sonle; i" M | v . ! r6 '• ■■ \ J Sw dm; LS80 S2, Oolum- bus P w HOCKING \ vi i i \. L35 HOCKING \ U . I > RAIJ RO i.DS M ucu rr i & CINCINN.A n. Th of building a i i westvt ird through Southern o to Cincinnati was tirst discussed about L840, and finally lape in the organisation, in L844, of the Belpre A cinnati Railroad Company, [t was designed to build the from Cincinnati to Belpre, opposite Parkersburg, Va. (now West Virginia). The company, organized u thout funds, pro- an means for prosecuting the work ting so to it: stock from the localities through h the road was to pas - being asked of Athens County. The Legislature, by an act passed March 20, 1851, authorized the Athens County Commissioners to sn £100,- 000 of stock, provided the necessary majority of the legal vo gave their consent. A specia election was -held A.ugnst 26 of the same year, resulting \ to the subscription, ami on the 30th day of August the County Commissioners (John Elliott, James D id Zibo Lindley) subscribed for 2,000 shares oi each, in the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad Company, e years afterward, when the railroad company and the i of Athens County were not mi the best of terms, an attempt was made t > test the legality o( the subscription. Some thought commissioners had transc ieir powers in subscribing to Marietta & ( a the people had voted to s v to th.e Belpre & Cincinnati. The question was agitated time through the county, meetings being held i i of th. Ml th' prominent lawyers were ranged on one aide or the other. The county commissioners at one time refused to levy the tax to |>:\ erest on the bonds, but after nssi >n they replaced the tax on the dn AKKIY U OP lilt [RON HO . rhe oompany soon began the construction of the ro\d, whi was continued in the face of all >bstac!es until it was completed to ^ ■ : n the spring LS Dhere w . al rejoicing, not only in the cit) of At*, ens, but in the country round about, for they now had communication with the on side world, and a trip Doinnati was but a few hours' ride instead of as many days Puesday, the 29th da} of April, 1856, witnessed the arrival in L36 HISTORY OF HOOKING VAI.I.KY. Alliens of the I i i • - 1 railway passenger train over the read, or which had ever reached the city. The citizens turned out en masse to give it a welcome with three hearty cheers. Congratulatory speeches were made by several distinguished persons, and the arri- val of the ''Iron Horse" proved a gala day for the city of Athens. HOSTILl riES COMMENCED. Daily passenger trains were al once run between Athens and Chillicothe, connecting a1 the latter point with train,- for Cincinnati. James 1>. Foster was appointed ticket and freight agent at Athens. Not long after, the road was completed to Marietta. Through had management, however, the road losl money from the start. It svae unfortunate in many things, and the people of Athens and vicinity lost confidence in it. This gradually developed into a decided hos- tility on the pari of man)- of our prominent citizens, which culmi- nated in tearing up their trad:. Jan. 1, L858. It seems that in L856 the company decided to abandon, temporarily, the tunnel through the hill above Athens, ami obtained a lease from some of the citizens for the ground on which to lay a track smith of the vil- lage, making a kind of circumbendibus, as the people said, and again getting upon the old line below town. The lease for this trad expired I he. 31, L857, and some days prior to that time the owners of the land gave notice to Mr. Wilson, in writing, to com nly with the terms ( if the least' by vacating the land. This the company failed to <\^, ami on New Year's day, L858, a number of citizens repaired to tin' track in question and proceeded t" remove Some ^'i' the rails and ties. This course was condemned in severe terms by many, particu- larly by the friends of the road. The Marietta and Chillicothe papers were especially hitter, accusing the Athenians of being blind to their own interests, of being influenced by malicious motives, and even ^i' having committed an offense against the law- of the state. Itwas, perhaps, a question as to whether the action was politic, or was the besl mode of dealing with the company, which of course became only exasperated, and imbued with a decided hos- tile spirit toward the citizens. The company had never paid any rent for the use of the land; the lease wis 1, expire Jan. 1st, and the company was duly notified in writ in-- several days in ad- vance, by the owners of the land, to remove the track. The ooin- pany taking no action whatever in the matter, it was clearly the HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 137 right of the citizens to take quiet possession of their property, and to remove ns many of the rails us they pleased. Soon after this Mrs. Curtis, over whose land the railroad passed, had a portion of the tract removed. The company, however, pro- cured the condemnation of the land by a jury appointed hy the Probate Court, and were thus enabled to re-lay their track, and once more run regular trains through to Marietta. The company claimed thatin their embarrassed financial circumstances it wasimpossible for them to complete the expensive tunnel above the town, and that if time was given them they would " make all things right;' 1 but that they would not be enabled to do this if crippled, by such opposition as that manifested by the people. The citizens claimed, on the other hand, that they had recognized the straitened condition of the com- pany's resources, and had leased them this temporary right of way merely as an accommodation, it being clearly to their interest to have the road follow the line originally designed: but that the company had neither paid any rent, according to agreement, nor showed any disposition to regard the rights of the owners of the land. The hostile feeling toward the railroad company was doubl partly due to the hitter's abandoning the original plan of building the road down the Hocking Valley to Belpre, where it could con- nect with the Northwestern Virginia Road, terminating at Par- kersburg, on the other side of the Ohio River. Influenced by the offer of subscriptions from Marietta, Wheelingand Pittsburg to the amount of $1,500,000, the management had turned road northward toward Marietta instead of toward Belpre, and time had totally disregarded the interests of the Hocking Vail The excitement consequent upon the tearing up of the track was of duration, and after its subsidence Athens and the raih resumed gradually their former friendly relations. The original blunder of building the road across t^he hills to M etta was rectified at last, after twenty years. The old line had I tunnels between Athens and Marietta, one 1,660 feet long, another 1,400 feet, and two others 300 feel each. Besides, it had a number ot high, long and expensive trestles, that made the cost of main taining the road a constant, drain. Worse than all, it had sharp Curvatures and heavy grades that made its operations slow and ex pensive. In February, L871, the Baltimore Short-line Company was formed, for the purpose of constructing the short line to Parkers- 138 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. burg. It was composed of parties interested in the B.& O. and the M. & C. roads. The contracts were let in August, 1872, and the last rail was laid Oct. 24,1871. The line, as built, leaves the old line at Warren's, seven miles east of Athens, and follows the Hocking River for adistance of seven miles, to the valley of Skunk Hun, passing through Canaanville, Guysville and within two miles of Coolville. From Skunk Run the road takes an easterly direction, up the valley of that stream, to the summit at Torch; thence strik- ing the valley of Knowles's Run it follows in an easterly and north- easterly direction, coming to the valley of the Ohio River at the mouth of Little Hocking; thence along the Ohio^River it passes to Belpre, where it joins the old line. Athens County has spent considerable money for this railroad, but it has been a good investment. The county took §200,000 of capital stock, but the company pays annually many thousands of dollars to the county as taxes, and the valuation of property in the county has increassd by $6,000,000, much of which increase is due to the presence of the road. COLUMBUS, HOCKING VALLEY & TOLEDO. The Hocking Valley, as a field for railroad enterprise, early at- tracted the attention of capitalists and public men, and many projects were started in an early day for building a Hocking Valley railroad to connect with that pioneer of railroads, the Baltimore & Ohio. The State Legislature passed an act as early as March, IS: 1 !!, authorizing the construction of a railroad from Lancaster to a point on the Ohio River, opposite Parkersburg. Section second of the bill was as follows: "The capital stock of the Hocking Valley Railroad Company shall be $1,000,000, and shall be di- vided into shares of $50 each. Tiiese shares may be subscribed for by any corporation or individuals; and it shall and may be law- ful for said corporation to commence the construction of the said railroad, and enjoy all the powers and privileges conferred by this act, as soon as $50,000 shall be subscribed to said stock." The idea of building the Hocking Valley Canal soon after supplanted this project of building a railroad, and nothing was done under the act. NEW PROJECT. It was not until 1854, some twenty years after the above charter was granted, that active steps were again taken to secure a railroad through the valley of the Hosking. It again fell through, and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 139 active work did not commence until 1856. The former chief engineer of the B. & O. Railroad, B. H. Latrobe, Esq., had exam- ined the route, and was so favorably impressed that he urged the formation of a company and the building of the road. His advice was taken, and a company formed for the prosecution of the enter- prise, which was prosecuted with vigor, though active and open opposition was made against it by the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad Company. The city of Marietta, opposed and personally, undertook to secure legislative action to prevent its construction. This action of its enemies aroused the people of the Hocking Val- ley, and although the obnoxious legislation passed, it in no way altered the determination of the people of the valley to secure the prosecution of their cherished plans. However, if they could not secure a road to Parkersburg, they could build down the valley, as far as Athens, and let time and circumstances control the extension of the work. Meetings were held, and every effort made to carry forward the work. At the next session of the Legislature, in 1853, the obnoxious act above spoken of as having passed was repealed, and the way for active operation again opened. But the financial crash of 1857 was still severely felt the following year, and al- though opposition had ceased, the monetary situation prevented further progress. The war then came on, and it was not until the year 1865 that the project was again resurrected. In that year the Mineral Railroad Company was organized, its incorporators being: W. P. Cutler, E. D. Moore, M. M. Green, John Mills and Douglas Putnam. Every effort was made to start the enterprise by arousing the people and showing them the value of the work. The result was, meetings were held along the line, from Columbus to Athens, in the winter and spring of J 866. It was necessary to raise §750,000, and this sum was divided along the route as follow.-: Columbus, $400,000; Groveport and Winchester, $50,000; Lancas- ter, $75,000; Logan, $75,000; Athens, $100,000. Athens raised $120,000, and Columbus, $480,000, making, $800,000, which was enough to secure the success of the enterprise, and the people to rejoice. The name of the company was afterward changed, to the Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad Company. In the spring of 1867, the entire line of seventy-six miles from Columbus to Athens was let to contract, the contractors, Dodge, Wood & Co., receiving for their work $800,000 cash, and the company's bonds for $850,000, or about $21,715, per mile. The ground was broken at Columbus, July, 1867, and on Nov. 7, 186S, twenty -five miles of 140 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the road was completed to Lancaster, and the first train of cars arrived at that town at that date, amid the rejoicings of the peo- ple. The road reached Xelsonville, June 30, 1S69, and Athens in the summer of 1ST0. The road is well equipped, and has been a prosperous one from the start. Three passenger trains run each way daily, and thus by affording prompt means of transportation to the coal fields of the Hocking Valley the road lias been of untold benefit to both consumers and producers, as well as the welfare of its own excheq- uer. The Straitsville branch of the Hocking Valley Railroad was constructed at the same time with the main line, which it leaves at Logan; thence running in a circuitous course through the coal beds east of Logan, it returns to the main line at TSTelsonv^ille. The Columbus & Hocking Valley, Columbus & Toledo and Ohio & West Virginia railroads, were consolidated in the summer of 18S1, under the present name, Columbus, Hocking Valley cv. Toledo Railroad. The capital stock of this company was fixed at $20,000,000, divided into shares of $100 each. At the rate paid for the three roads by the syndicate' which effected the consolida- tion, the Hocking Valley stock cost them $4,000,000; Toledo, $1,250,000, and the Ohio & West Virginia, $600,000. The bonded indebtedness of the Toledo road was $2,600,000; Hocking Valley, $2,400,000; Ohio & West Virginia, $1,600,000, a total of $6,600,000, and a total for both bonds and stock of $12,950,000. The new company issued $15,000,000 of bonds, which, with the stock, makes $35,000,000. OHIO CENTRAL. The Ohio Central Railroad is a new one, having been built through Athens County within the past two years. It has received no aid from the county and but little from the citizens. It passes through Trimble, Millfield, Jacksonville. Chauncey, Athens, Hebbards- viile and Albany, in this county. The road extends from Toledo to Middleport, Ohio, and is being rapidly pushed through Vir- ginia. The line has already proved a valuable auxiliary to the transportation facilities of the valley, and when completed to its terminus on the Ohio and beyond will be stiil more so. So far as Athens County is concerned its railroad transportation may be said to be completed. Perhaps in the future some few miles of local road may be added, but the prospects are not Mattering. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 141 HOCKING COUNTY RAILROADS. It was as early as 1S51 when the railroad fever first showed its symptoms in Hocking and culminated into a violent attack the fol- lowing year. What caused this first outburst of railroad progres- sion was called the SCIOTO u i.i .ii • ' ii Ifcll . |.u, mi ,.| n i, i lumnl i .,,,,1 vv iii, i, w i . , 1 1 in.., .i ii .'in \\'\\ month '•• ( . ni 1 1 1'.. 1 1 ■ . the i*oule ii ,,iu i .. mi throin h llmn\ m m.i \ In ton oounl h w nue 1 1 1 1 1 . . I , I . I 1 1 • ll I I i ■ \ villi. II. \\',.i i. mi... ,. , .1 ...I i ii i . i ...el 111 i lie |n i n dI i , 'i in i i in HI u , , ,|l,|.,|ll \ I..1I..U I 'I I III' . lit] I I III III. I ■■ I I. I. I III . .11 I Ii l I > II II .1 1 i, :\ I., i . M ■ i •• ■ •■■ i i In-. !\l a (J Ii i; , in. I i iii ii i iii ii i 1 1,, ill) , , I i, .ii |j| I'..i I iii. .ill Ii l..u ii .1 < iill I |...|i I I .ii Inn Ii. .1 lli, [olluwliiu ) i i' io thwl 1 1 -ii ii i i .in 1 1 ..in i .. •< in 1 1 . 1 1.. Ohio Uivbi in I Ii i .ml., i I . .ii 'I'll, i |,,i! ,.u ii. -.1 i \\ . i . i , , . I. ,, i ,.i ( '.,| in,. |)||| , l.ul 1 1|| ) lii.l I I.- 1 I Ii'-. i Ull, ni'l I i i. i ii |.. i ,.n In |.| l I,. 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I hi • 'I i ii. .i I I. iii.l ..ml Ii i ii Ii ,. 1. 1 i iniiiiii ilni.. I lln.ii I, ll,. . . i,i. , ..I i Ii, . ii ( i ,1 I,, i . i i |., i ii ip i, |i i in ■ i in ..ii ii i in . , town lilii Thl > * i' Ul ' Ulvl Ion ■ •I iii « . 1 1 \ a r i;.,iii ,. ,,i i ,.i, 1 1 , ,i i,. in 1 1,, |., . , ,..i, |. , • "" " i" 'I I ;. in ni'l i llll II I II lu till I >lll • Ki ■ i il « , .Mi,. ll ll "■ 'i n M i' ■■ii.. .ii ..i ii.. VI ii i a i ',,, i; ..I... ,,i m i... i. • ni'l.- 1 1,,. | mm! j ,,( i in iuhi i M( ,. i ,..,,,., ..i t 'iini, .ii r,.\\ ii lilii I"' 1 . I ' Ill ' .11. I I I II. .1 I ll. I I . I 1 1 . ..Ill . 1 0| . .1,1. I U . Ill \ Mill, 144 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. passes into Athens County. This gives its central and eastern portion good transportation facilities, the western portion of the county of which the western portion is still void. The River Division Road was opened for business at McArthur, Aug. 17, 1880, and an account of its freight and passenger traffic at that point will be found in the history of McArthur. WALKER'S HISTORY OF ATHENS COUNTY. Charles M. Walker, the oldest son of A. B. Walker, is now editor-in-chief of the Indianapolis Times. He was prepared for the legal profession and admitted to the bar, but did not incline to make that his life pursuit. He is somewhat of a politician, and under Lincoln's administration was appointed by Secretary Chase Fifth Auditor of the Treasury, a position which he held for two years. He then entered upon the work of journalism which he has followed since. He was for a number of years connected with the Indianapolis Journal. While at Washington he conceived the idea of compiling a history of his native county, and he corre- sponded with some of the principal citizens concerning the matter. Receiving much encouragement, he proceeded with the work, in- tending at first to make a book of about 200 pages. The scope of the history enlarged as he progressed, and when completed the History of Athens County appeared as a work of 600 pages. It was well printed and neatly bound. While a few have criticised some features of Walker's History, it is generally conceded to be a well-written and valuable work. A considerable amount of valua- ble information in this work has been taken from Walker's History by permission, for which our sincere thanks are hereby ten- dered. MEDICAL SOCIETY OF THE VALLEY. This society was organize! April 28, 1866, at the court-house in city of Athens. The following physicians were present: Drs. A. II. Burrell and A. A. Shepard, of Nelsonville; James Moore, of New England; Hiram G. Withara, of Shade; E. B. Pick- ett, of Marshfield, James Howe, I. B. Harper, W. P. Johnson, and C. L. Wilson, of Athens; Wm. S. Bell, of xvmesville; John Earhart, of Lee, and W. W. Feirce, of Chauncey. A constitution and by-laws were adopted, an 1 the association then proceeded to elect its first officers. These were as follows: President, Dr. W. P. Johnson; Vice-Presidents, John Earhart HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 145 and I. B. Harper; Secretary, C. L. Wilson; Treasurer, Wm. S. Bell. Monthly meetings were decided, and the association started out with twenty-five members. The same officials were re-elected the following year. 1868, for two years — President, E. G. Carpenter; Secretary, C. L "Wilson. 1870, fur two years — President, C. L. Wilson; Sec- retary, R. W. Erwin. 1872, for two years — President, I. P. Prim- rose; Secretary. R. W. Erwin. One year a blank. 1875, for two years — President, I. P. Primrose; Secretary, H. 1VI. Lash. 1877 —President, H. C. Rutter; Secretary, H. M. Lash. 1878— Pres- ident, W. E. W. Shepard; Secretary, Chas. F. Gilliam. 1879— President, Jas. Little; Secretary, Chas. F. Gilliam. 1880 — Pres- ident, II . M. Lash; Secretary, Chas. F. Gilliam. 1881 — Presi- dent G. W. Pullen; Secretary, E. C. De Steiger. 1882— Presi- dent. David Little; Secretary, W. A'. Alderman. 1883 — Presi- dent, I. P. Primrose; Secretary, K. Tinker; First Yiee-Presideiit, II. M. Lash; Second Yice-President, G. W. Pullen; Treasurer, S. E. Butt. The following are the present members of the society, 1883: Athens County — EL M. Lash. G. L. Gorslene, A. B. Richardson, B. JEL. Pickering, E. G. Carpenter, Athens; A. H. Shepard, S. E. Butt, C. W. Cable, I. P. Primrose, D. B. Elder, W. E. W. Shepard, W. X. Alderman, C. F. Gilliam, K. Tinker, Nelson ville; W. A. Adair, Huestis, Amesville; II. T. Lee, T. C. Armstrong, Buchtel; •James M. Kittrick, Chauncey; H. D. Danford, Trimble; G. W. Blakely, Guysville; H. D. Witham, Shale ; B. C. Voris, Albany. Hocking County— David Little, James Little, G. W. Pulleu, W. I. Bright, J. H. Dye, E. C. De Steiger, H. G. Campbell, Logan; A. B. Lyons, Sand Run; 0. F. Aplin, Carbon Hill; J. C. Wright, Haydenville; Irwin, South Perry; W. G. Dawson, George Mar- shall, Gibesonville. Yinton County — J. Y. Rannels, Andrew Wolfe, C. O. Dunlap, J. E. Sylvester, McArthur: W. R. Moore, Swan. Perry County — R. C. Allen, W. J. Jones, G. Newton , New Straits The association is a progressive one, where deep and studious thought, combined with experience, is interchanged in the cause of humanity. 10 CHAPTER VI. ATHENS COUNTY HISTORY— FROM THE WILDERNESS TO AD- VANCED CIVILIZATION. Organic — Act of the Legislature — Organized Feb. 20, 1805 — Area — First Session of Court — Four Township Boundaries — First Jail and Court-House — Taxation and License — Some Shining Lights — New Court-House, 1818 — School Districts and School Moneys — 1840 to 1850 — Rise and Progress 1850 to 1860 — War and Peace — Court-House Talk — Old Father Time — County Officials— Floods — Devastation and Ruin by the Rushing Waters — Floods of 1817. 1858 and 1873 — Dam- age Computed — Destruction of Thirteen Miles of the Hock- ing Canal — It is Abandoned — The Swelling Waters of 1875 — organic. The county of Washington covered a very extensive territory, so much so that for the convenience of the people who had settled in extreme points of the county, other counties were organized from it. Washington Countj r was organized in 1789, and Athens County was taken from it in 1805. The Athens County of to-day, however, is not the Athens County of 1805, for she, like Washing- ton, has been somewhat curtailed of her former population. The question of organization came up before the third session of the General Assembly, and on Dec. 1, 1801, Governor Tiffin, in ref- erence to the subject of schools and education, referred to the Ohio University and its valuable gift of land, and that these lands might become more valuable if a new county was' organized. His message on this point was as follows : " It is further thought, that it would greatly increase the demand tor those lands and town lots, as well as prepare the way for the accommodation and comfort of the youths who may be sent to the university, if a new county were erected and its seat established at Athens. This may conveniently be done without injury to the counties adjacent, and, in my opinion, the convenience of that part of the county imperiously demands it." (146) Yve^tAA^^t HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 147 These favorable words placed the matter in its proper light be- fore the members of the General Assembly, and before the session closed it was acted upon bj them. Political considerations also hastened this step. The first few years of Ohio's existence as a State were marked by strong politi- cal feeling, the advocates of "federalism" being arrayed against those of " democracy. " The act of the Legislature creating the county of Athens, reads as follows. " An act establishing the County of Athens. "Sec. 1. Be it enacted, etc., That so much of the county of Washington as is contained in the following boundaries be, and the same is, hereby erected into a separate county, which shall be known by the name of Athens, viz.: Beginning at the southwest corner of township number ten, range seventeen; thence easterly with the line between Gallia and Washington counties, to the Ohio River; thence up said river to the mouth of Big Hockhock- ing Eiver; thence up the said Hockhocking River to the east line of township number six, of the twelfth range; thence north on said line to the northeast corner of the eighth township, in the said twelfth range; thence west to the east line of Fairfield County; thence south on said county line and the line of Ross County to the place of beginning. " Sec 2. That from and after the first da}' of March next the said county of Athens shall be vested with all the powers, privi- leges, and immunities of a separate and distinct county: Provided always, That all actions and suits which may be pending on the* said first day oi March next shall be prosecuted and carried t > final judgment and execution, and all taxes, fees, fines and forfeit- ures which shall then be due shall be collected in the same man- ner as if this act had never been passed. "Sec 3. That the seat of justice of said county is hereby estab- lished at the town of Athens, any law to the contrary notwith- standing. " Sec 4. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after the first day of March next." Passed Feb. 20, ISO:-. 148 HISTOKT OF HOCKING VALLEY. AREA. The area within the boundary above described, contained 1,053 square miles, or about thirty congressional townships of six miles square. This territory not only included the present county of Athens, but three townships, Ward, Green and Starr, now in Hocking County; seven townships, Brown, Swan, Elk, Madison^ Knox, Vinton and Clinton, in Vinton County; five townships now a part of Meigs County, viz. : Columbia, Scipio, Bedford, Orange and Olive; and two townships, Homer and Marion, a part, at this time, of Morgan County; and a strip of land ten miles long and one mile wide, which was afterward made again a part of "Washing- ton County. Two years later an act passed the Legislature alter- ing the boundary line between Athens and Gallia counties, and by that act Athens took a strip off of that county ten miles long and one wide. At the same session, about one month later, or Feb. 18, 1S07, an act was also passed altering the line between the counties of Washington and Athens, which gave to Athens the portion of Troy Township lying east of the Hocking River, and gave to Washington County a strip fifteen miles long and one mile wide, taken from Athens. Following up the acts oi* Legislature, numerous other changes were made, some adding to and others taking territory from Athens. One act making a change was dated Feb. 10, lSltt. Then the organization of Jackson County, Jan. 12, 1816, and the creation of Hocking County, Jan. 3, 1818, and a further act dated March 12, 1845, all curtailed the dimensions of Athens County, and added them to the new counties formed. Meigs County, organized Jan. 21, 1819, took off another slice of her territory, and finally by the erection of the county of Vinton, which act was passed March 23, 1850, took the remainder of our outlying possessions in that direc- tion, and the same act detached Ward Township from Athens and gave it to Hocking, thus reducing our boundaries all around to their present limits. The present boundaries of the county include about 430 square miles. An act of the Legislature was passed Feb. 13. 1804, establishing boards of commissioners, providing that the election for commis- sioners should be held on the first Mondays of April. The first election in Athens County resulted in the choice of Silas Dean, William Howlett and John Corey, Commissioners. The first session of the Board of Commissioners took place at HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 149 Athens on April 16, 1805, and the records show the following pro- ceedings:— "Agreeably to an act entitled ' an act establishing boards of commissioners,' passed February the 13th, 1804, "We, Silas Dean, Wm. Howlett and John Corey, being elected Commissioners for the County of Athens on the 13th day of April, 1805, Silas Dean and John Corey, aggreeably to appointment, met this day in order to proceed to business, and have made choice of John Corey for Clerk, and then proceeded to divide the county into the following townships: "The township of Ames begins at the northeast corner of the county; thence running west to the northwest corner of said county; thence south to the southwest corner of township No. 12 in the 16th range; thence east to the southeast corner of township No. 7 in the 12th range; thence north to the place of beginning. "The township of Athens begins at the northwest corner of town ship No. 12 in the 17th range; thence south to the southwest cor- ner of township No. 12; thence east to the southeast corner of town- ship No. 5,in the 13th range; thence north to northeast corner of the aforesaid township No. 5; thence west to the place of beginning. " The township of Alexander begins at the northwest corner of township No. 11 in the 17th range; thence south to the southwest corner of township No. 10 in the aforesaid 17th range; thence east to the southeast corner of township No. 3 in the 13th range; thence north to the northeast corner of township No. 4 in the 13th range; thence west to the place of beginning. " The township of Troy begins at the southwest corner of town- ship No. 4 in the 12th range; thence east on the south line of the county until it intersects with Shade River; thence down Shade Eiver to its junction, with the Ohio; thence up the Ohio to the month of the Great Hockhocking; thence up the Hockhocking to where the eastern line of the 12th range crosses said river; thence north to the northeast corner of township No. 6, in the 12th range; thence west to the northwest corner of the aforesaid 6th township; thence south to the place of beginning." After dividing the county into four townships as stated above they next appointed Alvin Bingham, County Treasurer, who pro- duced his bond which was accepted and filed. They also made an order for the erection of a jail, to be built of logs, dimensions to be twenty-four feet long by thirteen feet wide in the clear, with full specifications. 150 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The voting precinct in each township was then made of records,, as follows: John Havner's house in Athens; the house of Sylvanns Ames for Ames Township; John Armstrong's house for Alexander Township; and at Ebenezer Buckingham's house for Troy Township. This completed the most important acts of this session, and the board adjourned to the second Monday in June, 1S05. The com- missioners allowed themselves $1.50 per day, and the session cost the county $19.25. The next session was principally given over to the question ol ferry license, and $2 would get the coveted paper. The license for crossing the Great Hockhocking River, as it was then called, was also $2 and the rates for ferrying was for each foot passen- ger, 3 cents; for each man and horse, 10 cents; for loaded wag- ons and team, 50 cents; for every other four-wheeled carriage, or empty wagon and team, 37i cents; for every loaded cart and team 37-J cents; for every loaded sled, or sleigh, or empty cart and team, 25 cents; for every empty sled or sleigh and team, 12^ cents; for every horse, mare, mule, or ass, and every head of neat cattle, 6 cents; for sheep and hogs, 3 cents. The rates within the county were the same as the above, but the license was put at $1. Tavern license was decided to cost as follows: In the town ol Athens $8; Ames Township, $-1; township of Troy, $5; and that of Alexander $4.50; and for the township of Athens outside of the town limits it was placed at $6. The levy for a county tax was fixed and a duplicate made for each township, and this assessment amounted to the gross sum of 8157.'"' >. The amount of tax in each township was: For Athens and Alexander, $96.40; Ames Township, $39, and Troy Township, $22.20. This closed the second session of the poard of County Com- missioners, and it may be said that Athens County was fairly launched upon the world with all the rights and privileges of an independent municipality to paddle her own canoe. OLD LOG COURT-HOUSE. The first two years of the county's existence the court-house was a rented room, the property of Silas Bingham and Leonard Jew- ett, but in 1807 a ,court-house was erected. It was a substantial log building with the latest improvements, one of which was a brick chimney, instead of one composed of sticks and mud, and the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 151 old log court-houses of early days were a very useful auxiliary to the conveniences of a town which had the good fortune to be the county seat. Schools were sometimes held in them, but generally thev were churches, amusement halls and court-house, and the place where all public and private assemblies met. In fact, the town got the most of the benefit. This primitive affair remained as i court-house for ten years, and if it could have told the story of its work, or the work and words which transpired within its log walls, history would have repeated some strange episodes of early life. It was in the old log court-house that Hon. Thomas Ewing, then a youth here at college, received the first impressions of the workings of that law of which he subsequently became so marked an embellishment, and so eminent an expounder. Among the dis- tinguished names of those formerly connected with the Athens bar may be mentioned Messrs. Beecher, Irwin, Hunter, Ewing, P.rasee, Stanberry and Medill, of Lancaster; Samuel F. Vinton and Simeon Nash, of Gallipolis; Generals' Goddard and Convers, of Zanesville; William Woodbridge, Arius Nye and others, of Marietta. The old log court-house rang with the eloquence of men who became famous in the history of the States, and of others who adorned some of the highest offices in the gift of the country. The societies, schools, etc., that used the house were to furnish the wood for the use of the County Court, and in 1813 the schools secured rooms for their own use. A new courtdiouse was decided upon in 1814, and some contracts made for material. The build- ing was to be of brick and substantially built. NEW COURT-HOUSE COMPLETED, ETC. The building was finished in the year 1818, and did duty as such rer sixty years, or, to b3 exact, sixty-two years. Edmund Dorr fun ished the brick, 100,000, at $6 per thousand, payable in county orders. X ^withstanding the expense of building the new court-house, the county did not go into debt, but i I to pay its running uses. It continued to grow and prosper. The population increased ; the farmers became comfortable if not rich ; churches arose in different parts of the ty md cl Is grew and flour- ished. 152 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. There were tea school districts in the county in 18Jr2, and there was reported the following number of children of school age: — District No. 1, 44; No. 2, 93; No. 3, 39; No. 4, 58; No. 5, 61; No. 6, 56; No. 7, 83; No. 8, 98; No. 9, 53; No. 10, 56. The State school money for the same amounted to $299. 16. MEXICO AND CALIFORNIA. There was nothing to particularly startle the people of Athens County from the even tenor of their ways until 1846, when the declaration of war by Mexico aroused the dormant energies of the citizens, which had become stagnant over a combination of peace and prosperity, which they had enjoyed for a third of a century. The war of 1812 had drawn from Athens County her portion ot recruits, and some noble spirits had been sacrificed on the altar of freedom. The war spirit those long years proved not to be dead, but sleeping; and the first bugle blast aroused the people, and acted upon them like an electric shock. Athens County sent a full company of 100 men under Cap- tain McLean. For two years this war was an all-absorbing theme. But scarcely had the sound of artillery died away amid the chap- arrals of Mexico when there was borne upon the wings of the wind, which at first appeared to be a wild, weird and fanciful dream, a report, that upon the Pacific sunlit coast, where the wild waves had dashed in fury when the Storm King was in his wrath, or had laved its pebbly coast with the lullaby of a murmuring sea, that this coast was, veritably, a golden shore. It was not many months before this report was verified, and then came that hegira which has had no equal since the Israelites left Egypt. Athens County had her share of the California fever, and quite a number left the county to make their fortunes in that far off land. Some succeeded; others did not ; many returned, but a few made their homes there, while others had crossed the mystic river, time giving place to eternity, as far as their future was concerned. Wealth came to a few, but it is doubtful if the amount of gold brought back, in the aggregate, equaled the amount taken away. If so, Athens County was among the fortunate ones. L850 to 1860. It may be surprising to some to find that Athens County, which rather more than doubled its population between 1830 and 1840, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 153 actually lost about 900 during the decade between 1840 and 1350, but this is so, the population in 1840 being 19,109, and in 185'!, 18,215. Possibly the Mexican War and the California exodus might have had something to do with it, but these could hardly account for the great loss. The next decade, between 1850 and I860, showed a respectable gain of a trine over seventeen per cent. The general prosperity had also been good and the per cent, of material wealth increased fully as much during that decade as at any time during her history. There were in 1850, 82,168 acres improved, and in 1860, 129,- 531, making an increase of 47,363 acres improved, or over fifty-seren per cent, increase. In 1860 the value of farms was $4,980,034, against $2,125,967 in 1850, making an increase of $2,754,067, or 133 1-3 per cent, over 1850. One other item will show how the farmers progressed as well as other items, and that is in farm implements. Farm machinery, in 1850, was valued at $92,283, and in 1860 at $156,646, an increase of $64,363, or close to seventy per cent, in ten years. This shows that Athens County, in materia' wealth, had her full share of the prosperity of the country, and that at the time that the dark and ominous cloud of civil strife first arose upon the horizon, she was riding the wave of progress with exultation, and buoyant with the hope of a magnificent future. WAR AND PEACE. "When war's dread alarm sounded it found Athens County in the full tide of prosperity, and it also found her ready to do her part in the great struggle for an indestructible union of States. The first bugle blast that called the people to arms had not died away ere her heroic sons had answered the call with a response that told the country that loyal Athens was awake and would, in the lan- guage of a once somewhat noted senator of the State: " Welcome all foes of the Union with bloody hands to hospitable graves.'' Little else was thought or talked of during the conflict, but a pros- ecution of the war to a successful termination, and for a history of the acts of the gallant sons of Alliens County turn to the chapter in this work headed "Military History." It is not to be supposed that the material prosperity of the peo- ple would be greatly enhanced while the constant drain on them for war expenses lasted, but ere the decade which ended January, 1870, had ended, Athens County was once more making com- mendable progress, both in population and wealth. 154 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. RAILROAD FEVER. It was toward the last of this decade that the railroad fever which had attacked her sporadically in previous years, now assumed a violence which was really to test the enterprise of the people. How successfully the people met the demand upon them can be seen at this time in something over 100 miles of railroad track within her border. Railroads mean progress, and to say that Athens County has nearly doubled her material wealth"' the past fifteen years is not getting beyond the bounds of truth. Her railroads gave her new life, and even stirred up some of her old fogyish citizens to an exhibition of energy and enterprise that was truly commendable, and the city of Athens, the old borough sit- uated among the " Huckleberry Knobs " oi the valley of the Hocking, actually opened wide her dreamy eyes and took an intelligent view, both of the situation and her surroundings, and to her credit, it may be said, she forgot to close them again. So Athens County and her capital city have met the demand of advanced progress, and have kept step with the onward march of the country's prosperity. COURT-HOUSE TALK. The general thrift of the people and the awakening of the citizens of the city of Athens to progressive ideas suggested that a city hall, one that would be a credit to the city, would be about the best thing for them to have, and so they erected one of which the city could be proud. The success of this realty necessary and desirable work acted upon the citizens very much like a new and highly col- ored carpet does upon the good house-wife with dilapidated furniture as an accompaniment. The more she looked at the carpet the worse the furniture looked and the more disheartened she became. Just so with the Athenians. They had no sooner withdrawn their gaze of admiration and pride from their new city hall, when, oh, horrors! it fell upon the old rickety court-house. Their pride received a severe shock, and the more they looked the more they felt that the city was everlastingly disgraced, and the citizens, or some of them, would actually go round a block rather than catch a glimpse of the old rat trap, as it was called by many. Of course this could not always be endured, and so it was decided to call upon the citizens of the county to help relieve them of their disgrace, and erect a county court-house that would be worthy the proud city, the seat of cult- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 155 ure, refinement, a city hall, an insane asylum. In 1674 the question was put to a vote whether a court-house to cost not over $60,000 should be built. The people said No, with an emphasis that was truly staggering to the hopeful Athenians; 2,784 voted no, and 573 yes, which was a majority of 2,211, and about four fifths of the votes in favor were cast by the residents of the ambi- tious city. This was so disheartening that it took them two years to get up courage enough to again ask that the city's disgrace should be pulled down and a structure reared w T orthy of Athens County. So in 1876 the question was again asked, and again refused, but the refu- sal was not in thunder tones, like that of 1874, being but 767 majority against it, and failed to take their breath entirely away. But the people of Athens County soon found that they had one opponent they could not vote down. They could see the pride of the citizens of their capital city humbled, but "Old Father Time" was not to be disposed of in that way, and he soon let the people of the county know that if they did not soon build a new court-house he would rattle the old one down about their ears. This was so unmis- takably the case that in June, 1878, the court-house question was carried, but about half the voters stayed at home, knowing that votes enough would be had to carry it, and they, if opposed, might as well accept the alternative of " Old Father Time " and let their vote go by default. Only 1,716 votes were polled, of which 1,213 were in the affirmative, and 503 nays. It was clear that the new court-house was built none too soon, and the citizens of the county certainly can take a just pride in the beautiful and massive edifice known as the Athens County Court-House, one of the most artistic and imposing structures of the kind in the State. The building was completed in August, 1880. The census of that year, which will be found in another place shows that the county had made excellent forward progress during the decade which had then just ended, and the prosperity then so observant has still a strong and increasing foothold in the county. Her agricultural and mineral productions are still in their infancy, but the future is one so full of promise that hope is in the ascendancy in the breasts of the people. In fact, a book could be written from the standpoint of the present and the proba- bilities and possibilities of this county, which would read like a fairy tale, or the Arabian Nights, but space is insufficient in this work to even cast a horoscope of her future destiny. 156 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. COUNTY OFFICIALS. Those who attended to the official business of Athens County will be found in the following pages. It is a record of names and dates which will be found invaluable for reference. COUNTY COMMISSIONERS FROM THE ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTF. 1805 Silas Dean, William Howlett, 1805 William Barrows, William Howlett, 1806 Alvan Bingham, William Howlett, 1807 Alvan Bingham, Caleb Merritt, 1808 Alvan Bingham, 1809 Asahel Cooley, 1810 Asahel Cooley, 1811 Asahel Cooley, 1812 Ebenezer Currier, 1813 Ebenezer Currier, 1814 Ebenezer Currier, 1815 Daniel Stewart, 1816 Caleb Merritt, 1817 Caleb Merritt, 1818 George Walker, 1819 George Walker, 1820 George Walker, 1821 George Walker, 1822 George Walker, 1823 George Walker, 1824 George Walker, 1825 George Walker, 1826 George Walker, 1827 George Walker, 1828 Georee Walker, 1829 George Walker, 1830 George Walker, 1831 Joshua Hoskinson, 1832 Joshua Hoskinson, 1833 Joshua Hoskinson, 1834 Joshua Hoskinson, 1835 Joshua Hoskinson, 1836 Joshua Hoskinson, 1837 Joshua Hoskinson, 1838 Joshua Hoskinson, 1839 Joshua Hoskinson, 1840 Joshua Hoskinson, 1841 Joshua Hoskinson, 1842 Joshua Hoskinson, 1843 Silas M. Shepard, 1344 Silas M. Shepard, 1845 Silas M. Shepard, 1»46 Silaa M. Shepard, 1847 Silas M. Shepard, 1848 James Dickey, 1849 James Dicke}-, 1850 James Dickey, 1851 James Dickey, 1852 L. D. Poston, Caleb Merritt, Caleb Merritt, Zebulon Griffin, Zebulon Griffin, Zebulon Griffin, Caleb Merritt, Caleb Merritt, Levi Stedman, Asahel Cooley, Asahel Cooley, Stambro P. Stanclifl, Stambro P. Stanclifl, Stambro P. Stanclifl", Edmund Dorr, Edmund Dorr, Edmund Dorr, Edmund Dorr, Daniel Stewart, Daniel Stewart, Harry Henshaw, Harry Henshaw, Harry Henshaw, Absalom Boyles, Absalom Boyles, Absalom Boyles, David Jones, David Jones, David Jones, Alfred Hobby, Alfred Hobby, Alfred Hobby, Elmer Powell, Elmer Rowell, Elmer Rowell, Arnold Patterson, Arnold Patterson, Arnold Patterson, Ziba Lindley, Ziba Lindley, Ziba Lindley, Ziba Lindley, Ziba Lindley, Ziba Lindley, Ziba Lindley, Ziba Lindley, John Corey— (At special election.) Samuel Moore — (At reg- ular election.) Samuel Moore — (At reg- ular election.) Samuel Moore— (At reg- ular election.) Ebenezer Currier. Ebenezer Currier. Ebenezer Currier. Seth Fuller. Seth Fuller. Seth Fuller. Robert Linzee. Robert Linzee. Daniel Stewart. Levi Stedman. Levi Stedman. James Gillmore. James Gillmore. James Gillmore. James Gillmore. James Gillmore. James Gillmore. James Gillmore. Justus Reynolds. Justus Reynolds. Justus Reynolds. Justus Reynolds. Justus Reynolds. Justus Reynolds. Justus Reynolds. Justus Reynolds. Justus Reynolds. Frederic Abbott. Frederic Abbott. Frederic Abbott. William R. Walker. William R. Walker. Benj. M. Brown. Benj. M. Brown. Benj. M. Brown. Benj. M. Brown. Alfred Hobby. Allied Hobby. Alfred Hobby. Alfred Hobbv. Alfred Hobby. Alfred Hobby. Pearley Brown. John Elliott. John Elliott. HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 157 1853 L. D. Poston, 1854 L. D. Poston, 1855 John Brown, 1856 John Brown, 1857 John Brown, 1858 John Brown, 1859 John T.Winn, 1860 John T. Winn, 1861 John Brown, 1862 John Brown, 1863 John Brown, 1864 John Brown, 1865 John Brown, 1866 John Brown, 1867 John Brown, 1868 Thomas L. Mintern 1869 Thomas L. Mintern 1870 Thomas L. Mintern 1871 E. M. Blake, 1872 E. M. Blake, 1873 E. M. Blake, 1874 Alpheus Wilson, 375 Alpheus Wilson, 1876 Alpheus Wilson, 1877 Elza Armstrong, 1878 Elza Armstrong, 1879 Elza Armstrong, 1S80 W.G.Hickman, 1881 W. G. Hickman, 1882 W. G. Hickman, Ziba Lindley, William Mason, William Mason, William Mason, Joseph Jewett, Joseph Jewett, Joseph Jewett, John Dew, John Dew, John Dew, Hugh Boden, W. F. Pilcher, W. F. Pilcher, W. F. Pilcher, W. F. Pilcher, W. F. Pilcher, Samuel S. Boyles, Samuel S. Boyles, Samuel S. Boyles, Samuel S. Boyles, Samuel S. Boyles, Samuel S. Boyles, E. H. Watkins, E. H. Watkins, E. H. Watkins, E. H. Watkins, A. S. Tidd, W. H. Curfman, W. H. Curfman, W. H. Curfman, W. H, Curfman, John Elliott. John Elliott. Daniel B. Stewart. Daniel B. Stewart. Daniel B. Stewart. Daniel B. Stewart. John E. Vose. John E. Vose. John E. Vose. G. M. McDougall. G. M. McDougall. G. M. McDougall. G. M. McDougall. G. M. McDougall. G. M. McDougall. G. M. McDougall. G. M. McDougall. G. M. McDougall. J. F. Welch. J. F. Welch. J. F. Welch. J. F. Welch. J. F. Welch. F. Finsterwald. F. Finsterwald. F. Finsterwald. F. Finsterwald. F. Finsterwald. F. Finsterwald. J. W. Murphy. COUNTY AUDITOBS. The first constitution of Ohio provided for the election by the people of only two county officers — sheriff and coroner; other county officers were, during the first eighteen years of the State's history, appointed by the county commmissioners or by the associate judges of the respective counties. The office of county auditor was created by act of the Legislature, at the session of 1820-'l. Before that time the principal duties of the auditor were performed by the county clerk. Henry Bartlett, so long known in the county as u Esquire Bartlett," was Clerk and ex-officio Auditor from 1806 till March. 1821. From this time the successive auditors were: Joseph B. Miles, appointed by commissioners in 1821, and served nine months. General John Brown, appointed and served to March, 1827. Norman E.oot, elected 1827, served to March, 1839. Leonidas Jewett, elected 1839, served until 1843. Abner Morse, elected 1843, served until 1845. Leonidas Jewett, elected 1845, served until 1847. E. Hastings Moore, elected 1847, served until 1861. Simeon W. Pickering, elected 1861, served until 1871. A. W. S. Minear, from 1S71 to 18S0. A.J. Frame, from 1880 to . 158 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. COUNTY CLERKS. Henry Bartlett, appointed Dec.l, 1806; served until Feb 8, 1836. Joseph M. Dana, appointed Feb. 8, 1836; elected Feb. 22, 1843; served until 1857. Louis W. Brown, elected 1857. Edwin M. Phillips, elected 1869. G. W. Baker, elected 1872. Silas E. Hedges, elected 1881. COUNTY RECORDERS. Dr. Eliphaz Perkins, from 1800, to July, 1819. Chauncey F. Perkins, from July, 1819, to May, 1826. A. G.Brown, from May, 1S26, to August, 1833. Robert E. Constable, from August, 1833, to November, 1835. A. G. Brown, from November, 1835, to October, 1841. Enos Stimson, from October, 1841, to October, 1841. John Boswell, from October, 1S44, to October, 1847. A. J. Van Vorhes, from October, 1847, to October, 1850. W. H. Bartlett, from October, 1850 , to December, 1851. Frank E. Foster, from December, 1854, to November, 1855. George II. Stewart, from November, 1855, to June, 1861. Norman Root, from June, 1861, to January, 1862. Daniel Drake, from Jauuar}', 1862, to January, 1868. Josiah B. Allen, from Januar} 1- , 1S68. John W. Andrews, from January, 1880, to January, 1883. Lafayette Hawk, from January, 1883, to . COUNTY SHERIFFS. Robert Linzee, from April, 1805, to November, 1807. Silvanus Ames, from November, 1807, to November, 1809. Robert Linzee, from November, 1809, to January, 1814. Thomas Armstrong, Erom January, 1814, to January, 1818. Isaac Barker, from January, 1818, to January, 1822. Jacob Lentner, from January, 1822, to January, 1824. Calvary Morris, from January, 1824, to January, Robert Linzee, from January, 1828, to January, 1830. John McGill, from January, 1830, to January, 1832. Amos Miller, from January, 1832, to January, 1S30. Joseph Hewitt, from January, 1836, to January, 1840. Joseph H. Moore, from January, 1840, to January, 1844. William Golden, from January, 1844, to January, 18 \&. J. L. Currier, from January, 1848, to January, I - J. L. Kessinger, from January, 1852, to January, 1856. Leonard Brown, from January, 1S56, to January, 1858. II. C. Knowles, from January, 1858, to January, 1862. Frederic S. Stedman, from January, 1862, to January, 1864. John M. Johnson, from January, 1864, to January. 1808. HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 159 William S. Wilson, from January, 1868, to January, 1872. A. J. Reynolds, from January, 1872, to March, 1873. Nehemiah Warren, from March, 1873, to January, 1810. Parker Carpenter, from January, 1876, to January, 1830. Tim. B. Warden, from January, 1880. COUNTY TREASURERS. Alvan Bingham, from April, 1805, to June, 1806. William Harper, from June, 1806, to June, 1807. Ebenezer Currier, from June, 1807, to March, 1808. Eliphaz Perkins, from March, 1808, to June, 1809. William Harper, from June, 1809, to June, 1811. Eliphaz Perkins, from June, 1811, to June, 1815. Amos Crippen, from June, 1815, to June, 1825. Isaac Barker, from June, 1825, to January, 1830. Amos Crippen, from January, 1830, to January, 1832. Isaac Barker, from January, 1832, to January, 1836. Isaac N. Norton, from January, 1836, to December, 1836. Abrain Van Vorhes, from December, 1836, to January, 1S37. Isaac Barker, from January, 1837, to January, 1840. Amos Crippen, from January, 184.0, to January, 1842. Robert McCabe, from January, 1842, to Jsmuary, 1848. William Golden, from January, 1848, to January, 1854 Samuel Pickering, from January, 1854, to January, 18 Leonard Brown, from January, 1858, to January, 1860. Joseph M. Dana, from January, 1860, to Janua^, 1862. Leonard Brown, from January, 1862, to January, 1804 A. W. S. Minear, from January, 1864, to January, 1868. George W. Baker, from January, 1868, to January, 1872. W. S. Wilson, from January, 1872, to January, 1876. A. J. Frame, from January, 1876, to January, 18S0. John P. Coe, from January, 1880, to . COUNTY COURT. The first Court of Common Pleas was held July 8, 1805, Robert F. Slaughter, President Judge; Silvanus Ames and Elijah Hatch, ■ciate Judges, and Henry Bartlett, Clerk. Since that time the following judges have been elected: Isu6^-Levin Belt, President Judge; Silvanus Ames, Alexander Stedman and Abel Miller, Associate Judges. In 1807 Judge Ames became Sheriff and Elijah Hatch became Judge. 1807 to 1S12 — William Wilson, President Judge, and Alexander Stedman, Abel Miller and Elijah Hatch, Associate Judges. 1813 — William Wilson, President Judge, and Jehiel Gregory, Silvanus Ames, and Elijah Hatch, Associate Judges. 160 HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1814 — William Wilson, President Judge, and Jehiel Gregory, Silvanus Ames, and Ebenezer Currier, Associate Judges. 1815 to 1818 — William Wilson, President Judge, and Silvanus Ames, Ebenezer Currier and Elijah Hatch, Associate Judges. 1819 — Ezra Osborne, President Judge, and Robert Linzee, Eben- ezer Currier, and Silvanus Ames, Associate Judges. 1824 — Alvan Bingham, Associate Judge, vice Silvanus Ames, deceased. 1825 — Amos Crippen, Associate Judge, vice Robert Linzee. 1826 — Edmund Dorr, Associate Judge, vice Ebenezer Currier, and Thomas Irwin, President Judge, vice Osborne. 1827 — Elijah Hatch, Associate Judge, vice Amos Crippen. 1838 — George Walker, Associate Judge, vice Alvan Bingham. 1833 — Ebenezer Currier, Associate Judge, vice Edward Dorr. 1834 — David Richmond, Associate Judge, vice Elijah Hatch. 1840 — John E. Hanna, President Judge, vice Thomas Irwin. 1840 — Samuel B. Pruden, Associate Judge, vice Ebenezer Cur- rier. 1841 — Isaac Barker, Associate Judge, vice D. Richmond. 1845 — Robert A. Fulton, Associate Judge, vice George Walker. 1847 — Arius Nye, President Judge, vice John E. Hanna. 1847 — Samuel H. Brown Associate Judge, vice S. B. Pruden. 1850 — Norman Root, Associate Judge, vice Samuel H. Brown. 1850 — A. G. Brown, President Judge, vice Arius Nye. 1852 — Simeon Nash, elected tirst Judge under new constitution, when associate judges were dispensed with. 1862— John Welch, elected. 1865 — Erastus A. Guthrie, appointed, vice John Welch, elected Supreme Judge. 1866— E. A. Guthrie, elected. 1872 — J. Cartwright, appointed. 1872 — David Hebbard, appointed. 1873 — Joseph P. Bradley, elected. 1873— Samuel S. Knowles, elected. 1882 — Hiram L. Sibley, elected. PROBATE COURT. (Organized in 1852.) Jacob C. Frost, elected 1852. Nelson H. Yan Yorhes, elected October, 1855; resigned No- vember, 1855. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 161 Daniel S. Dana, appointed November, 1855. Calvary Morris, elected October, 1855. L. Jewett, appointed 1871, elected in October, 1872. Thomas L. Mintern, elected 1875. Wm. S. Wilson, elected 1881. PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS. Robert E. Constable, from 1839 to 1841 John Welch, from 1841 to 1843. Tobias A. Plants, from 1843 to 1845. James D. Johnson, from 1845 to 1847- Lot L. Smith, from 1847 to 1851. Samuel S. Knowles, from 1851 to 1855. George S. Walsh, from 1855 to 1857. Erastus A. Guthrie, from 1857 to 1861. Lot L. Smith, from 18G1 to 1863. Rudolph De Steigner,from 1863 to 1870. Chas. Town send, from 1870 to 1876. Leonidas Jewett, from 1876 to 1880. Emmet Tompkins, from 1880. E. B. Merwin, from 1806 to 1809. Benjamin Rnggles, from 1809 to 1810. Artemas Sawyer, from 1810 to 1812. Alexander Harper, from 1812 to 1813. Artemas Sawyer, from 1813 to 1815. J. Lawrence Lewis, from 1815 to 1816. Thomas Ewing, from 1816 to 1817. Joseph Dana, Sr., from 1817 to 1820. Samuel F. Vinton, from 1820 to 1822. Thomas Ewing, from 1822 to 1824. Thomas Irwin, from 1824 to 1826. D wight Jarvis, from 1826 to 1830. Joseph Dana, Jr., from 1830 to 1835. John Welch, from 1835 to 1839. ' The first grand jury drawn in Athens County was in November, 1805, and was composed as follows: John Dixon, John Hewitt, Saml. Moore, Alvin Bingham, Jno. Corey, Peter Boyles, Jeremiah Riggs, Canady Lowry, Wm. Howlett, Robt. Fulton, Josiah Coe and Phillip M. Starr. THE WATERS AND THE FLOODS. The Hocking River and its tributaries have frequently risen far beyond their ordinary limits, and carried destruction and ruin in their path. Altogether, property has suffered considerably at dif- ferent times from high water. One of the most serious floods occurred in 1847, the water rising higher than was known for a generation before, and doing more or less damage throughout the valley. Severe floods were also experienced in 1852. The next one of importance occurred in the last week of May, 1858. Heavy rains throughout this part of the State caused a general rise in the water-courses. The Hocking was higher than had been known for many years, particularly at Lancaster and Logan. At Athens it was not so high. It did not reach, by twenty inches, the high- water mark of 1847. The destruction of property was considerable. Hundreds of acres of growing grass and grain were entirely or partially ruined. On the uplands, also, the washing of the soil and the consequent injury to grain and grass has been unusually severe. The canal gave way at two or 11 162 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. three points, but the breaks were not extensive, and were easily repaired. Margaret's Creek, running through Alexander and half way through Athens Township, was higher than ever before seen by that notorious personage, " the oldest inhabitant." The bottoms were entire submerged, and the destruction of property necessarily heavy. Several farmers had each as high as eight or ten thousand fence-rails carried away. Along the smaller streams in other por- tions of the county the destruction of property was similar to that along the Hocking and Margaret's Creek. Several bridges were swept off or greatly injured. The county bridge over Federal Creek, near Big Run, was a total loss. The damage to the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad was heavy, but trains were running again in about ten days. East of Athens the greatest obstruction was near Warren's, where some sixty feet of heavy embankment was washed away; and beyond that point were numerous slides. The damage between Athens and Chilli- cothe was also great. Scarcely had the waters begun to lower in the streams when, on May 31, the valley was again visited with severe and destructive showers of rain. The smaller streams rose with remarkable rapid- ity. The west branch of Margaret's Creek, in Alexander Town- ship, in a few hours rose to a point even higher than that reached during the freshet of the previous week, sweeping off fences and causing the sudden destruction of other property. Sunday Creek was higher than had been known for twenty years, and the Hock- ing was out of its banks. This storm was followed by another on the evening of the 5th of June. The streams again rose, till, on the 7th, the Hocking lacked but a few inches of being as high as during the first freshet. Monday Creek and other streams rose to a greater height than before, and much damage resulted to bridges, roads, fences and crops. The railroad also suffered further. And still again in the following June, the 11th, heavy and con- tinuous rains swelled the waters for a fourth time in close succes- sion, the river at this time reaching its highest point since the great flood of 1847. Comparatively little damage was done, how- ever, from the simple fact that there was but little left to destroy. The railroad track was under water for a mile east of Athens, and the approaches to the bridges crossing the river were impassable. The canal was much damaged, there being numerous breaks all along HISTORY OF HOCKING T ALLEY. 163 its line. "When the floods subsided thousands of acres of land pre- sented the appearance oi a desert waste. Mails from Cincinnati were not received over the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad between May i!4 and June 17. This seemed to be a season of general floods, the Hocking Valley not being- the only sufferer. The floods were 7erj severe throughout Ohio. Indiana and Illinois. The severest flood ever known to the inhabitants of the flocking Valley came in the summer of L873. The rain commenced falling on Thursday, July 3, and continued, almost without interruption, until Saturday morning following, inundating the whole valley, from Lancaster to the Ohio River. Wheat, corn and grapes were swept to the ground, from Carroll to Hockingport. At Nelson- ville fifty families were driven from their homes, the west end of the town being submerged. Among the heavy losses in that vicin- ity were: The bridge and crops of L. D. Poston, $10,000; bridge and coal works of W. B. Brooks, $5,000; tanyard of J. F. Broadt, $5,000; planing-mill and dry-dock of George Freer, 81.500; crops and lumber of John W. Scott, $3,000; crops of John Her- rold, 82.000; and many others. The destructive waters rushed rapidly up the ascent to Main street, impetuously flowing into houses, and mingling in dire confusion their contents. With one exception every bridge in the vicinity of the town was swept away; and the "Bobbins' Bridge," though not wholly destroyed, sus- tained such damages that it had to be virtually rebuilt. At Chaun- cey five miles north of Athens, the waters entered the second story of the dwellings, and also at Floodwood. At the latter place, about daylight on Saturday morning, the attention of Aaron Lewis, residing near the "Arnold Shaft,'' was arrested by the shrill screams of a woman. Proceeding in a boat in the direc- tion of the alarm, he found a woman with her two children in the loft of their cabin surrounded by the rapidly encroaching waters; he hurriedly tore through the shingles oi the roof and rescued the party, rowing them to his own residence. The works of the Hocking Valley Salt Company were seriously damaged. Their loss in manufactured salt alone exceeded 1,000 barrels. All the smaller bridges in the neighborhood of the works were destroyed. From the residence of Henry Brown, of Chauneey. to the salt works, a distance of half a mile, the entire population were forced to aban- don their dwellings during Friday night and Saturday morning. The works at Salina, owned by George T. Gould, lost 3,000 barrels 164 . HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. of salt His loss was estimated at $5,000. Other individual losses in this district were: Those of Henry Brown, $3,000; Infarmary farm, $2,000; A. Courtney, $1,000; Judge and Joseph Jewett, conjointly, $3,500; Joseph Dorr, about $1,000; Hiram Arrmtage, $1,000; William Courtney, $500. Comin» toward Athens, the destruction was so great as to dety description. Among the heaviest losers here was D. B. Stewart of Athens Indenendently of the indirect damages he sustained his losses included about 100 acres of corn, 80 acres of hne wheat 1 500 bushels of old corn in crib materially injured; 10 acres ot meadow destroyed; 100 cords of wood, and 50,000 feet of lumber swept away, in addition to unestimated damages to mill and fences. Other losers were: Joseph Herrold, between $5,000 and $7 000- E. H. Moore, over $2,000; John King, between $1,000 and $1,500; and unestimated: Porter Wilson, Hiram Bingham, Grosvenor and Beaton, R. J. Cable, Jesse Davis .Augustus Nor- ton, Oliver Carpenter, S. H. and Leroy Mansfield, S. S Boyles, N O Warren, Charles Henry, Benjamin Randall, and, indeed, every farmer in the valley, between Athens and the Ohio River The damages wrought by the flood to the Hocking Canal and the Hocking Vallev Railroad were also of startling magnitude. 1 he canal between Athens and Logan was well-nigh destroyed, the encroachment of the Hocking River completely washing away the tow-path at many points, for stretches, variously, of a halt mile and more. So ruinous were the damages to this pioneer public work that it has been discontinued between Nelsonville and Athens. On the Hocking Valley Railroad, bridges, embankments and portions of the road-bed, fromapoint beyond Lancaster to Athens were wrecked and torn to an extent that required weeks ot time and vast expenditures of money to repair. During the height ot the flood, as the surging waters swept past Athens and on down the valley, the spectacle was a sublime one, the water bearing upon its swelling surface the fearful havoc it had consummated. Altogether, this general calamity has cot boon equaled by any similar catastrophe that had previously occurred since the settle- ment of the country, the extent of the floods of 1832, 1847 and 185S being materially exceeded by this one of 1873. In the latter part of July. L875, the windows of the heavens wore opened, and the Hocking Valley once more inundated Villages were flooded, and crops, bridgea and fences carried oft. lie river was higher than ever before known at Athens, and all the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 165 tributaries were swollen beyond their banks. The mails were stopped for several days, and the railroad bridges were swept away, track washed out, etc. At Athens the gas works were flooded, and the citizens were compelled to resort to kerosene lamps and old candle-sticks or to the lights of other days. The damage by this flood was not confined to the valleys, but the hill farms were injured by washing. The losses in the Hocking Valley were probably over million of dollars. CHAPTER VII. MILITARY HISTORY— WAR OF 1812, MEXICAN WAR, AND THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES. Early Patriotism — War With Mexico — The Rebellion — Firing on Fort" Sumter — Newspapers Firing the Hearts of the People — Athens County Meets all Demands — Camp Jewett — Mustering In — Camp Dennison — Sanitary and Relief— Work — Morgan's Raid — Nelsonville Captured — Ladies once more to the Front — Grand Encampment — War Ended — Great Rejoicinc — President Lincoln's Assas- sination — Sorrow and Indignation — The Athens Sdldiers by Townships — The Regiments in which They Served. early patriotism. The people of Athens County, in common with the rest of the civilized world, believe that military organization, defense and ac- tion are sometimes necessary to patriotism. Some of the early set- tlers of the county and the ancestors of many more were patriot soldiers during the Revolution, and from them a zeal for the supremacy of the stars and stripes has been inherited, which is so far from cooling with the lapse of time that it seems to grow more fervent in each generation. The first time an appeal was made to the loyalty of Athens County was during the war of 1812. • A company of volunteers was promptly raised in September, 1812, which was enrolled in the regiment of Colonel Robert Staf- ford and the brigade of General Ed. Tupper, and which served till March following. It marched northward to Sandusky and Per- rysburg, after Hull's surrender, but was not engaged in any actual combat. Jehiel Gregory of Athens, was at first Captain of the company; Nehemiah Gregory, of Athens, was Lieutenant; James Crippen, of Rome Township, was Ensign; and Leonard Jewett, of Athens, was Surgeon of the company. After reaching camp, (160) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 167 Captain Gregory was promoted to Major, Lieutenant Gregory be- came Captain, and William McKinstry, of Alexander Township, became Lieutenant. Among the privates were Thaddeus Crip- pen, of Home; William Stewart, of Rome; Andrew Stewart, of Rome; James Starr, of Rome, and Roswell Poole, of Ames. Tliese volunteers received $8 per month and subsistence for their services. About 1809 the two or three survivors of this band were gladdened by the act of Congress which pensioned all living soldiers of the War of 1812. The last of that company has now gone to "that bourne whence no traveler returns " and their deeds live only in history. MEXICAN WAR. The tocsin of war again sounded in 18±6, and Athens responded with over 100 volunteers. Most of them went in one company, Captain McLean's, and quite a number of these from York and othejf townships. The following is the muster roll of Company E, (Captain Mc- Lean's) Second Ohio Regiment in the Mexican War: First Lieutenant, Michael Earhart; Second Lieutenant, J. K. Blackstone; First Sergeant, E. D. Wall; Second Sergeant, Daniel Nelson; Third Sergeant, John A. Beard; Fourth Sergeant, J. C. Stedman ; First Corporal, Thomas Shannon ; Second Corporal, Thos. Miller; Third Corporal, A. Steenrod; Fourth Corporal, Charles Barker; Privates, T. Armitage, C. Armitage, J. B. Abbott, Mi- chael Austin, Thomas Arrington, James Andrews, William Bailey, Ezra Bridge, Samuel Brown, Samuel Burns, James Beabout, Mar- tin Bobo, P. A.J. Beard, James Bowen, Samuel Bush, John Crow, F. Chamberlain, A. Carpenter, Richard Carr, Alford Cams, Jonas Clark, Samuel Clark, John Clayton, William Dolen, Isaac Desler, R. De Steigner, G. W. Full, Alexander Francis, James Finster- wald, Homer Gibbs, Columbus Gray, Reason Hull, Harrison Hume, William Hendrixon, L. Hohvell, E. D. Hatch, Benjamin Hugh-, Jefl Henshaw, H. D. Johnson, Reuben James, Wm. N. R. Janiis, Charles Kemp. Ciinton Loudon, A. Liggit, F. Lawrence, Edward Merick, Thomas Macklin, Philip McDaniel, Samuel Older, John Peters, Nathan Picket t, A. Patterson, William Reason, A. M. Smith, Daniel Shepard, Rufus Sim nons Alford Starr, John Thomp- son and Jerry Thomps ii. 168 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. WAR OF THE REBELLION. It was in the terrible four years' war of 1861— '65, that the people of Athens County most fully demonstrated their thorough loyalty to the best Government on earth. According to the United States census of 1860, the number of male inhabitants of the county in that year, between the ages of fifteen and fifty, both inclusive, was 5,089. The county furnished to the Government during the war, in all, 2,610 soldiers, or more than fifty percent, of her men able to bear arms. In other words, of the able-bodied men in the county every other one left his business and his family to aid in suppress- ing the Rebellion. This is a record of which the county may well be proud — a record which no county in the State of Ohio, and few in all the Northern States, can surpass. The number above given does not include 1,967 men who volunteered and served in repelling the Morgan raid, in 1863, nor 160 "squirrel-hunters," who hurried to the defense of Cincinnati in 1862. The train of national events which led to the war are todtwell known to need even a summary of them here. The county was a strong Whig county, and, after the death of that party, its Repub- lican, or " abolition," tendencies were equally strong. Athens was a prominent station on the " underground railway," and many good stories might be told of adventures on that mysterious service. At the presidential election of 1860, Lincoln, Douglas, Brecken- ridge and Bell were candidates for the presidency, and the trium- phant election of Lincoln was the result. Athens County gave him a majority of 1,200. The South had threatened secession in the event of Lincoln's election, and it now proceeded to execute this threat by the various States passing ordinances of secession, and organizing themselves into a Southern Confederacy. After a num- ber of weeks of negotiation, or attempted negotiation, General Beauregard attacked Fort Sumter, at Charleston, S. C, in obedi- ence to instructions from L. B. Walker, Secretary of War of the Confederate Government at Montgomery, Ala. The startling news of the firing on Fort Sumter produced 'out one general feeling — that of indignation at the action of the South, aula patriotic de- termination to support the United States Government in the prompt suppression of the Rebellion. Words can not describe the enthusiasm with which men of all parties in Athens County declared themselves for the Union, the Constitution, and the en- forcement of the laws. The spirit of the people was eloquently HISTORY OF HOCKrNG VALLEY. 169 reflected by the press, which called upon all loyal citizens to stand by their Government, and remember their duties as mem- bers of the Republic. We give one or two extracts from the ring- ing- editorial which appeared in the Messenger of April i8, 1S61: "The American flag has been violated, American soldiers have been shot down, and a brave commander of a Government fort has been forced to strike his flag and capitulate. JMea of Athens County, this news comes home to you. A call will soon be made on Ohio to contribute her portion of men and money to aid the Federal Government in asserting its authority and preserving the honor and dignity of the nation. Will you falter in the hour of your country's peril? Will you stand by and call into question the causes which have produced this state of things? If so the name and memory of Benedict Arnold will be enviable compared with that which future generations will justly apply to you. This is no time for party jealousy or partisan bickering. America expects every man to do his duty, and all must do it, or reap the vengeance of an outraged people. Democrats! Republicans! and no-party men! We call on you to merge the partisan in the patriot, the demagogue into the hero, and rally as the exigencies of the times may indicate, to the support of your country's flag. Let every man be a true American citizen, feeling the responsibilities and patriotism of an American citizen, and those base destroyers of the peace and pros- perity of the Union will soon be made to hide their accursed heads in shame before all nations." Meetings were held by citizens throughout the country, at which patriotic speeches were made, and at which the most zealous deter- minations to tight for the Union was manifested. A meeting was held at Athens on the 17th, but five days after the firing on Fort Sumter. The stars and stripes were raised over the court- house, amid the wildest enthusiasm. Republicans and Democrats, with one accord, cheered every Union expression. The townships were urged to hasten the enlistment of volunteers in response to the call of President Lincoln for 75,000 volunteers. April 20 a large and enthusiastic meeting of citizens was held at Chauncoy. Dover Township. A pole was raised, and. the stars and stripes ran up, amid deafening shouts. The greatest enthusiasm prevailed. A large number volunteered, and steps were also taken to organize a home guard. At Athens, on the same date, a patriotic meeting was held on the college green. In the center of the concourse were the Ohio State 170 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Guards, of Athens, armed and in full uniform, bearing a beautiful silk banner presented by the ladies of Athens, Feb. 22, 1860, little thinking how soon it would be called to wave amid the smoke of the battle-field. Th.3 uniformed recruits were stationed near the college. A beautiful flag, twenty-six by fifteen feet in size, was run up the staff, and as it unfolded to the breeze, it was greeted by three rounds of musketry from the State Guards, and three cheers from the crowd. Patriotic speeches were made; songs were sung by the ladies in attendance. A series of patriotic resolutions were adopted by the students of the Ohio University. A fund started for de- fraying the expeuses of recruits before starting and for the support of their families during their absence reached $2,000 in twenty- four hours. The following staff officers of the Third Brigade, Seventh Division, Ohio Volunteer Militia, composed of the counties of Athens, Washington, Meigs and Gallia, reported for duty: General R. A. Constable, Brigadier-General, Athens; Major D. Maule, Brigadier- Major, Athens; Amos Layman, Brigadier-Judge-Advocate, Wash- ington; Captain George W. Baker, Brigadier-Quartermaster, Athens; Captain Cyrus Grant, Brigadier-Aid-de-Camp, Meigs; Captain J. L. Yance, Brigadier-Aid-de-Camp, Gallia; Dr. W. P. Johnson, Brigadier-Surgeon; Prof. W. H. Young, Brigadier-En- gineer; Bev. J. Pratt, Brigadier-Chaplain. The following call was issued by General Constable: "The United States Government, through the Governor of Ohio, calls upon the people of the counties of Washington, Athens, Meigs and Gallia for ten companies of infantry, of not less than seventy-five rank and file each. Able-bodied men between the ages of eighteen and forty-five are required. The time of enlistment is three months. Volunteers will be received and enrolled in the cities of Marietta, Athens, Pomeroy, and in Gallipolis." The volunteers swarmed into Athens in greater numbers than they could be received, and went into camp. Their temporary home at this time received the name of "Camp Jewett," and Camp Jewett was soon a scene of great activity. Fully two hun- dred men were in a few days quartered here, drilling and organiz- ing for service, under the command of General Constable. Most of the new soldiers were made of the right kind of material, but many fancied that their three months' service would be but a grand pleasure excursion to Washington or to the South, and that they would soon return to their admiring friends "covered all over HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 171 with glory." They soon found out the reality of war, the hard- ships of soldier life, etc., and that the war was more than a three months' task. The'change from the independence and luxury of Camp Jewett to the rigorous discipline and plain fare of army life, too, was not relished by many; but the majority stoically accepted the situation, and fought the four years' war through. GOING INTO ACTIVE SERVICE. The Ohio State Guards, of ninety-six men, was the first company to leave Camp Jewett. It was ordered to Camp Dennison, near Miamiville, where it was mustered into the service of the United States as Company C, Third Regiment. This company, under the command of Captain J. M. Dana, carried the flag of the regiment, and thus occupied the post of honor. It left Athens for Camp Dennison, May 1. The occasion of its departure was one of pecul- iar interest and solemnity. Many of the volunteers were leaving behind them wives and families, brothers and sisters, and all the fond associations of many years' formation. There was many a moist eye, and many a heart swelled with emotion, but none lacked the courage demanded for the trying scene — the parting of bosom friends from their mates, perhaps forever. Just before their depart- ure each of the volunteers was presented with a New Testament by Revs. Pratt and Porter. A short, patriotic speech was after- ward made by Hon. Y. B. Horton. Then the shrill whistle ot the locomotive screamed, ' k Good-bye," " God bless you" and " Farewell," were quickly exchanged, and with cheer after cheer they departed. The boys reached Camp Dennison safely, but found poor quarters there even for a soldier. Many of them, with- out even a blanket, were compelled to lie out all of the first night. The next company to leave Camp Jewett was Captain E. A. Guthrie's, numbering ninety-nine men, which became Company B, Twenty-second Ohio. Recruits continued to pour into Camp Jewett, and another com- pany was soon filled. This became Company H, Twenty-second Regiment, and consisted of eighty-nine men. It left Athens for Columbus, May 20, commanded by Captain Nathan Pickett. Thus in one month's time, Athens County sent forward for the war 300 men. They were fine, able-bodied men, and volunteered with a resolute determination to aid with their whole strength in the suppression of the Rebellion. Captain Pickett's company was raised almost entirely in Dover Township. Two of the commis- 172 HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. sioned officers, Captain Pickett and Lieutenant Stedman, had seen service in the Mexican War. It is an interesting coincidence that there were seven printers in Captain Dana's company, four of whom were from the office of the Athens Messenger. A band of marauders organized in the county and did some desperate deeds. They were lawless characters, who, thinking there was no law, undertook to carry out a programme of thieving and intimidation. They were suppressed. Among the early appointments to the higher grades of the ser vice was that of W. S. Smith to the position of Assistant Adjutant- General, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, on General Sleich's staff. Colonel Smith was a brother of Lot L. Smith, of Athens, and a graduate of the Ohio University. He was presented, June 5, 1861, just after his appointment as Assistant Adjutant-General, with a beautiful sword by the citizens of Athens, through Ron. S. B. Pruden. On the same occasion a Colt's revolver was pre- sented by C. H. Grosvenor to Captain E. A. Guthrie. Colonel Smith was soon after appointed to the command of the Thirteenth Infantry, and early in 1S62 he became a Brigadier-General. The rapidity with which recruits poured into Camp Wool (the name of " Camp Jewett " was dropped after a few weeks, and the name of "Camp Wool" adopted instead) was fairly astonishing. As if knowing that the war would last for years, and that the Union cause would require all the men that could be spared, the county responded as though animated by one mind. Every township raised a company or half a company of men for three years' ser- vice, while those who did not enlist devoted their energies toward raising a good crop, knowing that provisions are the staple neces- sity of an army. Besides the soldiers of our own vicinity company after company came to Athens from other counties, en route to Camp Dennison or some Eastern point. Thus Athens was almost constantly a scene of military activity. By the first of August, 1861, Athens County had raised 1,000 men for the Union army. Eight companies had left, under orders, for Camp Dennison and elsewhere (three of these companies had already seen hard ser- vice in West Virginia), while five others were being raised in different parts of the county. FIRST RETURNS. The first regiment to return to this part of the State, after the expiration of its term of service, was the Twenty-second Infantry, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 173 commanded by Colonel Gilmore. It arrived at Athens, Aug. 4, 1861, and immediately went into quarters at Camp Wool. This regiment had seen the hardest kind of service in marching about from one place to another over the hills and mountains of West Virginia. Four companies, Captain Olmstead's (Company I), Captain Payne's (Company K), Captain Wilhelm's (Company G), and Captain Guthrie's (Company B), were scouting from one place to another nearly all the time after the regiment left Camp Wool until its return. They performed one feat that is worthy of special mention. From Spencer to Glenville, Ya., is about forty-two miles. About six miles of this distance was marched in the night. The next morning the four companies started for Glenville, about thirty-six miles distant, where they arrived between eight and nine o'clock in the evening. It rained during the whole day, and the men had to cut away large trees and heaps of rubbish thrown across the road by the rebels in several places. During the day an alarm was given that the advance guard was attacked. Immedi- ately the whole force started off on " double quick," and continued at this rate for a distance of four miles, when they overtook the guard and found the alarm to be false. The Twenty-second remained in camp about two weeks,, -and were paid off Aug. 21 and 22, and discharged. One of the brightest pages in the record of Athens County's war history is the remembrance of the sanitary and relief work done by the patriotic citizens — particularly the ladies — all over the county. In October, 1861, an appeal was made for contribu- tions of clothing, etc., for the soldiers. No sooner was it known that these articles were needed, than the citizens immediately took effective measures toward organized relief. A county committee was appointed, known as the " Military Committee," consisting of Joseph Jewett, Rudolph De Steigner, Albert Parsons, II. T. Brown and William P. Kessinger. This committee appointed relief com : mittees in every township, which were urged to act at once, and send in to the county committee such contributions as they could col- lect. The following are the township relief committees: Athens. — Judge Barker, Samuel Pickering, Jared Maris and C. W. Goodspeed. Alexander. — Elmer Armstrong, Hon. James Gibson and William Campbell. Lee. — John T. Winn, Leonard Brown and Dr. John Earhart. Lodi. — Joseph Cramer, Dr. Moore and William Jeffries. 174 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Carthage. — James Caldwell, Walter Glazier and Atnasa Saun- ders. Trimble. — Benjamin Norris, William Russell and Dr J. Dew. York. — J. L. Mintern, Charles Ashton and Joseph Brett. Dover. — Eli F. Brown, Henry Brown and G-. T. Gould. Ames. — N. P. Hoisington, A. W. Glazier and James Bryson. Bern. — P. W. Lampson, Samuel Wells and George Wyatt. Troy. — John Frame, E. A. Gibbs and Sherman Brewster. Borne. — D. B. Stewart, Elmer Rowell and Hiram Gard. Canaan. — N. O. Warren, Peter Finsterwald and William Bureh. Waterloo.— Hugh Boden, W. H. Allison and P. C. Hewett. In Athens village the committee appointed some sixteen ladies to solicit contributions. As a result of these prompt steps, large quantities of clothing and other useful articles were sent to our soldiers, which not only aided in making many brave men com- fortable, but beyond a doubt saved many a volunteers life. This work was kept up through the war, and in this way the ladies of the North did effectual service in crushing the Rebellion. The rebel raid by General John Morgan in the summer of 1S63 is well remembered by the citizens of the Hocking Valley, for his forces were for a few days rather " numerous " in this region. He was at that time on a run for life, rather than a raid of destruction; otherwise we should have suffered much more from his presence. The general facts of the raid are well known. His arrival, how- ever, in Athens County, caused considerable consternation among the people, as it did along the line of his inarch. He had under- taken to cross the Ohio River at Hockingpoit but the gun-boats were too much for him and he lost about 1,000 of his men at that point, they having surrendered. General Morgan, with about 100, turned toward Gallipolis, crossing the railroad at Yinton, some fifteen miles north of that city, and then turned directly north. About eleven o'clock in the forenoon the people of Nelsonville and vi- cinity were thrown into confusion by the unwelcome intelligence that the famous General John Morgan and his forces were within a mile of town. In a very short time they came pouring in from all directions, and took complete but quiet possession of the town. Nearly every house was visited and made to serve meals to two or more of the strangers. Never was food given more grudgingly by the usually hospitable people of Nelsonville. The rebels are de- scribed by those whom they visited here as being dirty and ragged, of various kinds of dress, and an extremely hard-looking lot of men. V HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 175 After they had eaten all they could find in the houses, they entered the stores and helped themselves to new clothes and other things that suited them. They paid for part of them. They then visited all the stables and pastures near town in search of horses, of which they took all that were able to travel. When the news first came of their approach, some rode their horses into the woods to save them, while others were overtaken and had to deliver up. Farmers from the country had their horses unharnessed from their wagons, and were left to get home the best way they could. The plundering was all done in a very quiet manner. Just before leav- ing they fired the river bridge on which they crossed, and all the canal boats that were in port, about twelve in number, turning fam- ilies out upon the banks without saving a thing but the clothes on their backs. They kindled a fire in the cabin of one boat where there was a sick woman. Her pleadings were of no avail, and she was obliged to make her escape the best way she could. L. D. Poston's coal-works caught fire from the boats, but were put out after the rebels left without much damage. The plunderers re- mained in town about two hours, and left between one and two o'clock to spread terror and devastation along their route through the country. Morgan himself was recognized by several persons in jSTelsonville. The cavalry in pursuit of Morgan under Major Wolford, entered jSTelsonville about five o'clock, but four hours be- hind him. Morgan moved northeast through the counties of Morgan, Guern- sey, and Harrison, and at noon on Saturday, the 25th, was ap- proaching Winters ville,a place about four miles north of Steuben ville. Here he was headed off by militia. Thence he moved north in the direction of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad. He arrived at Salineville, near that road, early on the morning of the 26th, and was met by Major Way with a detachment of the First Michigan Cavalry. After an hour's hard fighting Morgan was completely routed, and the delay occasioned by this engagement enabled Gen- eral Shackleford, who was only a few miles away, to catch up with Morgan, who surrendered three miles south of New Gibson, Co- lumbiana County. The part taken by the ladies of Athens County during the week of the Morgan raid was no inconsiderable one. As a proof of their liberality and generous patriotism the following statement is given of the provisions furnished soldiers at Athens for one week: Fri- d iv, July 17 5 dinner on the college green for 65, supper for 300. 176 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Saturday, breakfast for 200, lunch and coffee at the depot, at three o'clock p. m. for upward of 3,000, supper for 80. Sunday, break- fast for 90, dinner for 100, supper for 1L0. Monday, breakfast at five o'clock a. m. for 150, at six a. m. for 90, dinner at 12 m. for 100, at one p. m. for 90, supper at five p. m. for 90, at six p. m. for 68. Tuesday, breakfast for 90. Wednesday, breakfast for 112. Fri- day, lunch at the depot for 300. This is, of course, exclusive ot those who were provided for at private houses or at the hotels, which were all filled to overflowing. The provisions were supplied for the first two or three days by the citizens of Athens. After that the war committee furnished bacon and coffee. Abundant sup- plies of bread, biscuit, pies, cake, etc., poured in from the country around, four wagon-loads coming from the patriotic town of Nel- sonville alone. A general order was issued from the Adjutant-General's office Aug. 15, 1863, dividing the State into military districts and direct- ing that there be held in 1863 in each district one officers' muster and encampment, each to continue eight days. The First District included the counties of Athens, Meigs, Washington, Morgan, Hock- ing, Vinton and Ross, and its officer muster and encampment were directed to be held on the lands of Messrs. Cable and Brooks, at Athens, to be called "Camp Athens." All officers of the militia and volunteers, and also all non-commissioned officers of militia and volunteers of the rank of sergeant, were to attend the camp in their proper district and participate in the drill and instructions throughout the period of its duration; while the various companies of militia, privates as well as officers, were ordered to attend the encampment during the last two days for drill and instruction. The encampment for the First District was appointed for Saturday, Sept. 5, and to last till Saturday, the 12th. The encampment was held according to appointment, and was a decided success. The weather was fine and favorable for drilling, and a good degree of efficiency was secured for those in attendance. About 6,000 men, including 1,000 militia officers, were in camp. Several companies were completely uniformed. Among these were an artillery company from Washington County, and one from Meigs; and infantry companies from Marietta and Middleport. It was a grand sight on the last two days to see the battalion drill, and it would have been still more imposing, had all been uniformed and armed. The Thirty-sixth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Militia also met at Camp Athens for drill, Sept. 29, 1863, by order of the regimental officers. HISTORY OF. HOCKING VALLEY. 177 Toward the close of 1863, a " Great Western Sanitary Fair " was held at Cincinnati for the purpose of raising funds, clothing, pro- visions, etc., to better the condition of our soldiers, and aid in pre- paring them to endure the winter. A branch organization was perfected in Athens County, with N. H. Van Yorhes as Secretary and Treasurer, and the county was canvassed for contributions, and its offering amounted to about $3,000, over half of which was in cash. In the spring of 1861 the Governors of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin offered the General Government the services of 85,000 men for 100 days. They thought that the men could be easily raised for this short term of service, and these 100-days men could render efficient service by being placed on guard duty and in garrisons, and enabling the experienced soldiers to go to the front. The Government accepted the tender, and the call for the 100-days men was accordingly made. Ohio's quota was 30, 000, but the militia offered themselves to the number'of 38,000. Athens County furnished five companies, which, together with a battalion from Gallia County were organized as the One Hundred and Forty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry. This regiment was ordered to border duty in West Virginia. Under the President's call for 500,000 men made in 1863, the quota of Athens County was 250 men, and a general draft was anticipated. But volunteers stepped briskly forward, month after month, induced partly by the liberal bounties, general and private, and when the draft finally came, in the summer of 1864, but eight men were drawn for Athens County. This was just after the county had furnished half a regiment of 100-days men. The county thus maintained its patriotic record to the end of the war, which came in April, 1865, in the'shape of complete victory for the Union arms. Never was there a more jubilant feeling in Athens and vicinity than when the news came of the surrender of Lee. The evening of Friday the 14th saw the town literally ablaze with light, and a brilliant display of fire-works added to the festivities. At the hall the citizens gave vent to their exuberance of feeling in speeches and enthusiastic cheers. On Saturday morning the joy was unabated, and every one wasjn the happiest mood when the crushing news came of the assassination of our beloved President— Abraham Lincoln. t Twice death had tread the halls of the White House, but never fell a sorrow like this on our people. Business was suspended for want of heart to carry it on, 12 178 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. voices were muffled, and the bells tolled the live-long heavy day, in unison with the general sorrow. At night there was a spontaneous meeting of citizens at the M. E. church to testify their sorrow for the nation's loss and to debate over the mournful event. Judge Welch was called to the chair, and A. B. "Walker appointed Secre- tary. An impressive prayer was delivered by Rev. Mr. Prettyman, after which Judge "Welch made an appropriate and able address to the audience. A committee of three was then appointed by the Chair, consisting of Hon. C. Morris, Samuel Pickering and E. H. Moore, to prepare resolutions for the action of the meeting. "While the committee were out, further remarks were made by Dr. Prettyman, Colonel "W. EL Young, Judge Welch and Hon. W. P. Johnson. The committee reported that in view of a more general demonstration soon to be held by the county, they did not deem it necessary to report matters for action at that time. On the 17th a very large and general meeting of the citizens was held at the Atheneum. Dr. W. P. Johnson was appointed to the chair, and A. J3. Walker was chosen Secretary. The meeting was addressed briefly by Hon. John Welch, who, at the close of his remarks, offered a series of resolutions appropriate to the heart-rending intelligence of the President's tragic death. This properly closes the narrative of Athens County's part in the war. The following table shows the number of soldiers furnished by each township : TOWNSHIPS. NO. IN U. S. ARMY. NO. OF 100- DAYS MEN. TOTAL. Athens 267 162 142 108 112 117 154 117 143 156 143 181 162 226 2,190 96 58 10 30 68 39 54 27 38 363 Alexander . 220 Ames 142 108 112 127 184 185 Lou 182 Troy 210 170 181 York 162 264 Total 420 2,610 The principal regiments in which Athens County was repre- sented were the Third, Eighteenth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-ninth, Sixty-ninth, Seventy-fifth, Ninety-second and One Hundred and Sixteenth Infantry and the Seventh Cavalry. CHAPTER VIII. STATISTICS OF ATHENS COUNTY— POPULATION, AGRICULTURAL, POLITICAL. Population by Townships and by Decades — Value of Real and Personal Property in 1870, 1880, 1881 and 1882— Assessed Valuation of in 1-4-0. 1853, and 1S59— Record of Marriages and Deaths — Pauperism— Land Sales— Mortgages — Dog and Sheep Statistics — Railroad and Telegraph — Political — Presidential Vote, 1836 to 1880— Governor's Vote, 1S36 to 1880 — Vote for Secretary of State — The County Vote by Townships. population by decades. By the census of 1800. Washington County (then including Athens County) had 5,427 inhabitants. By the census of 1810, Athens County had 561 males and 517 females under 10 234 241 283 144 210 260 235 102 years, between 10 and 16 " 16 " 26 " 26 " 45 " over 45 years. 1,463 1,324 Total population in 1310. .2,787. POPULATION BY TOWNSHIPS IN 1820. MALES. Ames Athens Alexander. Canaan. . . . Carthage.. . Dover Elk Homer Lee Rome Troy York Aggregate. 388 582 421 193 175 330 274 101 185 206 295 183 3,393 FEMALES. 333 538 433 163 145 277 271 100 157 231 246 158 3,040 TOTAL. 721 1,114 854 356 320 607 545 201 342 497 541 341 6,439 (179; 180 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. It must be borne in mind that the boundaries of some of the townships underwent changes from time to time till March, 1850, since when there have been no changes. 1830. Athens Township 1 ,703 Alexander 882 Ames 857 Bern 223 Canaan 375 Carthage 395 Troy 649 Dover 550 Lee 418 Lodi 276 Elk 822 Vinton 178 Homer 636 Rome 522 Trimble 190 York 871 Waterloo 216 Total 9, 763 1810. TOWNSHIPS. MALE. FEMALE. TOTAL. 728 718 1,178 196 132 421 397 679 647 451 440 394 569 427 385 546 179 382 108 863 723 713 1,104 185 125 379 337 611 614 461 408 3G0 510 425 377 510 157 359 119 737 9,214 1,451 1,431 2,282 381 257 800 Carthage 734 1,290 Elk 1,261 912 848 754 1,079 852 Trimble 7(32 T; oy 1,056 Ward 336 741 227 York 1,600 Total white 9,840 19,054 55 19,109 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 181 STATISTICS OF THE COUNTY FOR THE YEAR 1850 — POPULATION. WHITE MAL'S WHITE FEM. TOTAL. COLORED. AGGREGATE. Alexander.. . . 869 780 1,151 432 589 554 628 480 678 650 482 686 511 745 9,235 859 702 1,179 387 553 533 004 477 655 627 442 735 487 634 1,728 1,482 2,330 819 1,142 1,087 1,232 957 1,333 1,277 924 1,421 998 1,379 18,109 7 30 *4 3 32 18 12 106 1,735 1,482 2,360 819 Lee 1,142 1,087 1,232 961 Troy 1,336 1,309 924 1,421 York 1,016 1,391 Total 8,874 18,215 CHURCHES. Baptist Methodist Presbyterian. . . Roman Catholic Universalist VALUE. $ 1,100 8,250 7,000 800 800 $ 17,950 AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1850. Acres of land improved in farms 82,168 Acres of land unimproved 103,109 Cash value of farms. . . , Value of farming implements and machinery. Number of horses 3,345 Number of milch cows 4,302 N umber of working oxen 1,331 Number of other cattle 6,260 Number of sheep 35,945 Number of swine 15,675 Value of of live stock Value of slaughtered animals Bushels of wheat 72,146 Bushels of rye 395 Bushels of Indian corn 443,546 Bushels of oats 74,255 Pounds of tobacco 58,356 Pounds of wool 92,990 $ 2,125,967 92.283 $314,894 75,551 $ 2,608,695 182 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1850 — CONTINUED. Bushels of Irish potatoes 84,447 Bushels of sweet potatoes 2,328 Bushels of buckwheat 7,095 Value of orchard products $ 6,199 Pounds of butter 257,302 Pounds of cheese 58,170 Tons of hay 12,188 Bushels of clover seed 375 Bushels of other grass seeds 229 Pounds of flax 7,618 Bushels of flax seed 348 Pounds of maple sugar ... 28,665 Gallons of maple molasses 2,052 Pounds of beeswax and honey 9,983 Value of home-made manufactures $ 28,325 POPULATION BY TOWNSHIPS. 1860. WHITE MAL'S Alexander... Ames Athens Bern Canaan Carthage — Dover Lee Lodi Rome Trimble .... Troy Waterloo . . . York Aggregate. 816 675 1,413 482 639 579 722 565 818 787 574 876 765 969 WHITE FEM. 843 657 1,394 472 683 548 699 562 780 749 536 871 701 853 TOTAL. 1,659 1,332 2,807 954 1,272 1,127 1,421 1,127 1,598 1,536 1,110 1,747 1,466 1.822 COLORED. 16 3 45 68 174 45 2 17 14 AGGREGATE. 1,675 1,335 2,852 1,022 1,272 1,127 1,423 1,301 1,598 1,581 1,112 1,747 1,483 1,836 21,364 CHURCHES. VALUE. Baptist Baptist, Free-Will Christian Episcopal Methodist Presbyterian Cumberland Presbyterian Roman Catholic Union Universalist Total number $ 650 4,600 1,825 700 23,565 10,550 1,000 800 600 600 $44,890 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 183 The valuation of estate, real and personal, in the county for the year 1860, was : — . Real $6,467,950 Personal 2,600,677 $9,068,627 AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1860. Acres ofland improved, in farms 129,531 Acres of land unimproved 123,170 Cash value of farms $4,980,034 Value of farming implements and machinery 156,646 Number of horses 5,731 Number of asses and mules 33 Number of milch cows 5,658 Number of working oxen 1,558 Number of other cattle 11,597 Number of sheep 36,498 Number of swine, , 21,447 Value of live stock 748,589 Bushels of wheat produced 120,082 Bushels of rye 721 Bushels of Indian corn 641,605 Bushels of oats 66,104 Pounds of tobacco 275,789 Pounds of wool 88,968 Bushels of peas and beans 2,428 Bushels of Irish potatoes 57,261 Bushels of sweet potatoes 3,600 Bushels of barley 476 Bushels of buckwheat 14,930 Value of orchard products $17,799 Pounds of butter 634,872 Pounds of cheese 89,213 Tons of hay 19,278 Bushels of clover seed 104 Bushels of grass seed 1,098 Pounds of hops 356 Tons of hemp 79 Pounds of flax 2,774 Bushels of flax seed 118 Pounds of maple sugar 22,778 Gallons of maple molasses 2,549 Gallons of sorghum molasses 28,335 Pounds of beesw ax 554 Pounds of honey 19,540 Value of home-made manufactures 15,978 Value of animals slaughtered 122,375 184 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. MANUFACTURES, 1860. Blacksinithing. . Boots and shoes. Carriages Clothing Coal. Flour and meal Furniture Leather Lumber' Machinery Marble aud stone work Pottery ware Printing Provisions — pork and beef Saddlery and harness Salt Tin, copper and sheet iron ware. Wagons, carts, etc Wool carding Total. CAPITAL ANNUAL VAL. INVESTED. OF PRODUCTS $ 1,750 | 4 452 3,700 16,794 8,200 4,113 7,100 12,150 49,450 49,700 70,400 263,938 3,950 4,030 26,815 29,028 32,200 46,944 3,000 7,100 800 3 500 1,000 800 3,000 2,400 10,000 12,000 2,700 6,141 96,000 59,050 1,000 2,585 1,400 1,700 1,500 9,860 $331,665 .$545,002 STATISTICS OF THE COUNTY FOR THE YEAR 1866. Products of Athens County in the year 1865-6. Number of acres of wheat 13,176, Number of acres of rye 153, Number of acres of buckwheat 243, Number of acres of oats 3,403, Number of acres of corn 15,422, Number of acres of meadow .15,188, Number of acres, of potatoes 514, Number of acres of tobacco 168, Number of acres of clover 755, Number of acres of sorghum 526, Number of lbs. of maple sugar 14,347, Number of lbs. of butter 327,480, Number of lbs. of cheese 27,705. Number of bushels. . . Number of bushels. . . Number of bushels... Number of bushels... Number of bushels. . . Tons of hay « Number of bushels. . . Number of pounds. . . . Number of tons of hay Number of gall, syrup. Number of gall, syrup Number of sheep m the county. Value Number of hogs in the county. . . Value , Amount of wool produced, pounds Number of dogs in the county Number of sheep killed by dogs Number of deeds and leases recorded Number of mortgages recorded Amount of money secured by mortgage Number of crimes indicted during the year Number of convictions Number of marriages during the same year Number of divorces Number of dwellings erected during same year Number of barns Number of factories Number of school-houses Number of civil judgments rendered during same year Amount of civil judgments rendered during same year $5 .104,893 . 1,450 . 2,450 . 56,445 ,546,791 . 18,206 40,462 .136,460 799 . 80,253 . 1,391 75,406 1221,585 12,191 $60,342 18!US) 1,082 304 713 144 124,658 I.' 27 352 15 50 U 1 2 91 5,026.03 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. STATISTICS OF THE COUNTY IN 1870. POPULATION BY TOWNSHIPS. 185 TOWNSHIPS. Alexander Ames Athens. . Bern Canaan. . . Carthage. . Dover Lee Lodi Rome Trimble... Troy Waterloo. . York TOTAL. Total 23,768 ,511 ,229 ,277 ,014 ,543 ,272 ,697 146 551 972 ,379 830 ,695 652 NATIVE. FOREIGN. WHITE. COLORED 1,502 1,220 3,063 1,007 1,461 1,231 1,648 1,133 1,528 1,897 1,365 1,809 1,587 2,465 22,916 9 9 214 7 82 41 49 13 23 75 14 21 108 187 852 1506 1,195 3,031 990 1,543 1,272 1,689 22,995 5 34 246 24 258 1,551 1,861 111 1373 6 1,815 15 1,663 32 2,618 34 773 VALUE OF REAL ESTATE — 1870. Acres of land 305,9241 Aggregate value of lands $3,790,722 Aggregate number of buildings. .466,474 Value in towns of lots and b'ld's$747,428 Total value of real property $5,004,624 PERSONAL PROPERTY. Number of horses 6 091 Value of same $367158 Number of cattle 17,745 Value of same .$326,670 Number of mules 135 Value of same <$9 315 Number of sheep 45,217 Value of same $77 269 Number of hogs 17 161 Value of same $62,763 MARRIAGES AND BIRTHS. Number of marriages 232 Number of white males born 261|Number of white females born..'. '. '. .217 " " colored" " 10| " " colored " " 1:, Total number of births 501 186 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS — 1870. Total value of farm products. .$1,607,698 Value of orchard products 91,499 " " animals slaughtered 387,997 Bushels of clover seed 79 " " grass seed 149 Poundsof hops 19 " " flax 300 Bushels of flax seed 14 Pounds of maple sugar 8,118 Gallons of sorghum molasses 1,027 " " maple molasses 43,820 Pounds of beeswax" 486 Pounds of honey 17,118 Bushels of spring wheat 468 " of winter wheat ..123,277 Bushels of rye 2,187 of Indian corn 619,447 " of oats 96,012 " of barky 110 " of buckwheat 586 Pounds of tobacco 207,839 " of wool 201,593 Bushels of peas and beans 286 " of Irish potatoes 78,721 " of sweet " 1,655 Gallons of wine 69 Pounds of butter 513,864 " of cheese 22,265 Gallons of milk sold 9,029 Tons of hay 23,239 STATISTICS OF THE COUNTY IN 1880 AND LATER. POPULATON BY TOWNSHIPS, 1880. Alexander 1,423 Ames 1,392 Athens 4,517 Bern, 1,073 Canaan 1,499 Carthage 1 308 Dover 1,736 Lee 1.086 Lodi 1,550 Rome 2,207 Trimble 1367 Troy 1,858 Waterloo , 1,957 York 5,438 Total 28,41 1 POPULATION OF TILLAGES, 1880. Nelsonville 3,095 Athens 2,457 Carbondale 500 Albany 469 Buchtel 417 Lick Run 400 Frost 350 Coolville 323 Guysville 250 Stewart 203 Canaanville 200 Jacksonville 200 Salina 200 Ilockingport 191 Marshfield 191 Shade 175 Chauncey 185 Amesville 159 Floodwood 159 Pleasant Valley ... 150 Torch 150 Trimble 121 Pleasanton ,. .107 Millfleld... 101 Mineral City 100 Hebbardsville 92 New England 75 Garden 50 Lottridge 50 AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1880. Acres of wheat 19,862 Number of bushels produced 234,558 Average number of bushels per acre 1 1.8 Acres sown for 1881 19,054 Cost of fertilizers bought for 1881 13,032 Acres of rye 179 Number of bushels'produced 1,329 Acres of buckwheat 170 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 187 AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS, 1880 — CONTINUED. Number of bushels produced 1,918 Acres of barley 11 Number of bushels produced 250 Acres of oats 1,667 Number of bushels produced 22,247 Acres of corn 17,301 Number of bushels produced 578,856 Acres of grass other than clover 17,474 Number of tons of hay produced 16,291 Acres of clover 1,022 Number of tons of hay produced 422 Number of bushels of seed 51 Acres of potatoes. 1,134 Number of bushels produced 76,234 Acres of sweet potatoes 42 Number of bushels produced 3,079 Acres of tobacco 109 Number of pounds produced 90,146 Acres of sorghum 171 Number of pounds of sugar 65 " " gallons of syrup 13,241 Maple sugar, number of pounds produced 5,3 15 " syrup " gallons " 2,474 Number of hives of bees 1,294 " pounds of honey produced 17,106 butter " 502,096 " cheese " 14,545 " dozens of eggs " 292,221 Acres of orchards 5,084 Number of bushels of apples produced 186,284 peaches " 34,996 " " pears " 058 cherries " 4,877 plums " 1,749 Acres of vineyard 25 Number of pounds of grapes produced 23,455 " gallons of wine " 502 Pounds of wool shorn 402,832 Sheep killed by dogs 461 Value of same $1,624 Sheep injured by dogs 191 Estimated damage done $618 Aggregate of injury done to sheep by dogs $2,242 STATISTICS, 1881 — RAILROADS. Miles of main lines 54.45 Single track branches 17.42 Sidings, etc 19.92 Total miles 91.79 Value of realty $ 22,535 personalty 791.72s Total valuation $814,216 Taxes for 1881 $16,299.04 1SS HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. LAND SALES, 1881. Number of sales of agricultural lands 546 " acres in same 37,440 Average price per acre $29.00 Total amount paid for same $1,091,409.07 Number of sales of" town acres " 27 " acres in same 61 Average price per acre $132 Total amount paid for same $8,060.19 Number of sales of town lots 270 Total amount paid for same $17,624 Mixed sales of land 6 Sales of lands for one dollar 37 Total number of sales recorded 886 Total amount of consideration $1,117,093.26 REAL PROPERTY EXEMPT FROM TAXATION. Common school property, lands $ 8,350 buildings 54.051 Church property, lands 3,795 buildings 49,924 Charitable institutions, lands 9.935 " " buildings 805,500 Other lands 20,875 " buildings 65,600 Cemeteries, etc 2,865 Aggregate exemptions 1,020,895 SHEEP KILLED AND INJURED, 1882. Number of sheep killed by dogs 395 Value " " " $1,448 Number " injured " 259 Damage to " " " $ 599 Paid tor sheep killed 1,160 " " injured 506 Total paid 1,666 Collected from dog tax, including balance 2,710 Transferred to school fund 823 Balance of "dog tax fund " 221 BIRTHS, 1SS1. White, males , 276 White, females 294 Colored, males 13 Colored, females 6 Total number of births 581 PAUPERISM, 1SS1. Males in infirmary 47 Females in infirmary 58 Total in infirmary 105 Number admitted during year, males 35 Number admitted during year, females 41 Whole number admitted during year 76 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 189 Paupers otherwise supported by county, males 40 Paupers otherwise supported by county, females 54 Whole number of paupers otherwise supported 94 Total number of all paupers 275 Cost of keeping infirmary $ 7,205.71 Cost of keeping other paupers 3,756.72 Cost of all paupers • 10,902.43 Cost of each pauper per day , .17 DEATHS, 18S1. White, males 85 White, females 102 Colored, females 5 Total deaths 192 MARRIAGES, 1SS1. Marriages of white citizens 285 Marriages of colored citizens 7 MORTGAGES. Mortgages recorded 350 Amount of same $2,501,883.75 Canceled 220 Amount of same $205,954.42 GRAND DUPLICATE, 1882. Acres of land 313,332 Value of lands $4 721,849 Value of real estate in cities, towns and villages 855,373 Value of chattel property 3,018,109 Total value $8,595,391 5-10 mill tax for payment of State debt $ 3,801.24 1 and 4-10 mill tax for general revenue, State 10,643.54 1 mill tax for common school fund 7,002.52 Total State tax, 2 and 9-10 mills 22,047 30 All other than State taxes 150,091 96 Delinquent taxes, real estate 1,883.99 Delinquent taxes, personal property 1,278.58 Dog tax, one dollar per capita 1,681.00 County tax ... .. 25,78617 Poor tax 12,033.06 Bridge tax 17,190.79 Road tax 13,354 63 Township tax 9,792.95 Sub-district tax 39,222.43 Other special taxes 18,909.83 City, town and village taxes 13,801.60 190 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. PERSONAL PROPERTY, MONEYS AND CREDITS, 1882. Number of horses 4,895 Value of horses $283,103 Number of cattle 12,242 Value of cattle $192,031 Number of mules 268 Value of mules $ 17,581 Number of sheep 86,996 Value of sheep $247,465 Number of hogs 6,752 Value of hogs $ 22,429 Number of carriages 705 Value of carriages $ 44,112 Number of watches 658 Value of watches $ 13,659 Number pianos and organs 415 Value of pianos and organs $ 26,670 Merchants' stock $235,337 Manufacturers' stock 85,385 Moneys on hand ( or in deposit 214,249 Credits, deducting debts 482,057 Stocks, bonds, etc 12,065 EQUALIZED REAL PROPERTY. Valuation of real property, 1846 $1,655,974 Valuation of real property, 1853 2,676,829 Valuation of real property, 1859 3,225,608 Valuation of real property, 1870 5,064,679 Valuation of real property, 1880 5,267,770 VALUATION AND TAXATION, 1881 AND 1882. TOWNSHIPS AND CORPORATIONS. ATHENS COUNTY. Athens Athens Corporation , Alexander , Ames Bern Canaan Carthage Dover Lee Albany Corporation Albany School District Lodi Rome Troy Coolville Corporation Coolville School District — Hockingport School District Trimble Waterloo Marshfield School District.. . York Nelsonville Corporation 1881 RATE T'X VALUATION. MILLS. $541,185 18.2 805,444 28.7 370,403 17.9 530,990 15.3 333,548 15.4 494,530 18.6 568,829 17.7 386,641 18.9 209,827 16.4 115,720 17.2 57,580 15.9 433,651 18.1 575,621 18.8 370,552 18.6 70,956 22.8 30,760 22.0 35,555 21.0 402,631 15.2 390,964 16.9 76,795 16.9 840,614 19.7 546,378 29.3 1882. VALUATION. $544,842 853,333 381,630 522,561 364,595 479,565 379,090 567,827 '220,340 129,828 58,705 430,230 579,620 376,594 69,447 28,790 37,555 437,179 400,427 75,270 1,085,033 572 900 RATE T'X MILLS. 18.3 26.4 17.5 17.6 18.5 17.1 19.4 18.9 20.3 18.0 17.5 18.1 20.8 18.5 24.0 22.0 21.5 20.2 17.5 16.5 17.3 30.6 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. POLITICAL- 191 THE VOTE OF THE COUNTY 1S36 TO 1882. The people of Athens County have always taken an intelligent interest in political matters, and yet they have never indulged in that bitter party strife which has characterized many localities in our country. The attitude of the voters of the county can be most impartially shown by giving, without comments, the vote for the more important officers through a long series of vears. We give herewith the vote for President and Governor during the years in which the two great opposing parties have contended: PRESIDENT, IN 1836. William Henry Harrison, whig. . .1098 Martin Van Buren, clem 957 Harrison's majority 141 governor, 1836. Joseph Vance, whig 966 Eli Baldwin, clem 736 Vance's majority 230 GOVERNOR, 1838. Joseph Vance, whig 1086 Wilson Shannon, dem 732 Vance's majority 354 president, 1840. William Henry Harrison, whig. . .2094 Martin Van Buren, clem 1322 Harrison's majority 772 governor, 1842. Thomas Corwin, whig 1519 Wilson Shannon, dem 1278 Corwin's majority 241 president, 1844. Henry Clay, whig 2050 James K. Polk, dem 1425 Bimey, ab 220 Clay's plurality 625 GOVERNOR, 1844. Mordecai Bartley, whig 1742 David Tod, dem 1267 Leicester King, ab 266 Bartley's plurality 475 governor, 1846. William Bebb, whig 1189 David Tod, dem 1007 Samuel Lewis, ab 209 Bebb's plurality 182 president, 1848. Zachary Taylor, whig ig46 Lewis Cass, dem 1509 Martin Van Buren, bolter.' .' .' '. .' '. '. [ 320 Taylor's plurality 337 governor, 1851. Samuel F. Vinton 1294 Pteuben Wood, dem. .H62 Samuel Lewis, ab 114 Vinton's plurality ] , 132 president, 1852. Winfield Scott, whig 1750 Franklin Pierce, dem 1383 John P. Hale, ab 36(3 Scott's plurality , 357 governor, 1853. Nelson Barrere, whig 849 William Medill, dem 1272 Samuel Lewis, ab 735 Medill's plurality , 423 The defeat of Scott for the Presidency in 1852 announced the virtual death of the Whig party. Since its forma- tion, in 1854 and 1855, from Whigs and Abolitionists, the Republican party has controlled a strong •lnajority in Athens County. governor, 1855. Salmon P. Chase, rep 1634 William Medill, clem 974 Allen Trimble, whig 98 Chase's plurality 660 president, 1856. John C. Fremont, rep 2299 James Buchanan, dem. . . , 1350 Millard Fillmore, American 159 Fremont's plurality 944 192 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. CONGRESSMAN, 1856. V. B. Horton, rep 2183 William Medill. dem 1270 Horton's majority 913 GOVERNOR, 1857. Salmon P. Chase, rep. ., 1723 H. B. Payne, dem 1319 P. Van Trump, American 14 Chase's plurality 404 CONGRESSMAN, 1858. N. H. Van Vorhes, rep 2143 C. D. Martin, dem 1303 Van Vorhes' majority 840 SUPREME JUDGE, 1858. William V. Peck, rep 2105 Thomas W. Bartley, dem 1354 Peck's majority 751 governor, 1859. William Dennison, Jr. , rep 1843 R. P. Ranney, dem 1237 Dennison's majority 606 president, 1860. Abraham Lincoln, rep 2526 Stephen A. Douglas, dem 1491 John Bell, American 36 John C. Breckinridge, UnioD 46 Lincoln's plurality 1035 CONGRESSMAN, 1860. V. B. Horton, rep 2580 C. D. Martin, dem 1386 Horton's majority 1194 GOVERNOR, 1861. David Tod, rep 2405 H. J. Jewett,dem 642 Tod's majority 1763 SECRETARY OF STATE, 1862. Wilson S. Kennon, rep 1954 W. W. Armstrong, dem 1194 Kennon's majority 760 CONGRESSMAN, 1862. Cutler, rep 1965 Morris, dem 1185 Cutler's majority 780 GOVERNOR, 1863. John Brough, rep. home vote, 2,788 " " soldiers' vote 609 " "total vote 3,397 C. L. Vallandingham, dem. home vote 1,008 " soldiers' vote. . 16 " total vote 1,024 Brough's majority 2,373 SECRETARY OF STATE, 1864. Wm. H. Smith, rep. home vote. . .2,289 " soldiers' vote. . 442 " total vote 2,731 W.W. Armstrong, dem. home vote 1,175 " soldiers vote ... 27 total vote 1,202 Smith's majority 1,529 president, 1864. Abraham Lincoln, rep. home vote 2,474 " soldiers' vote. . 566 " total vote... .3,040 Geo. B. McClellan, dem. home vote 1,246 " soldiers' vote . . 72 " total vote 1.318 Lincoln's majority 1,722 CONGRESSMAN, 1864. T. A. Plants, rep. home vote 2,280 " soldiers' vote.. 435 " total vote 2,715 James R. Morris, dem. home vote 1,178 " soldiers' vote. . 14 " total vote 1,192 Plants's majority 1,523 GOVERNOR, 1865. J. D. Cox, rep. home vote 2,541 " soldiers' vote. . 50 " total vote 2,591 Geo. W. Morgan, dem. home vote 1,160 " soldiers' vote. . 10 " total vote 1,170 Cox's majority 1,421 SECRETARY OF STATE, 1866. William H. Smith, rep 2,647 Benjamin Lafever, dem 1,210 Smith's majority 1.437 CONGRESSMAN, 1866. T. A. Plants, rep 2,640 Martin D. Follett, dem 1,212 Plants's majority 1,428 HISTORY OF HOCKING TALLEr. 19J GOVERNOR, 1867. Rutherford B. Hayes, rep 2,598 Allen G. Thumian, deru 1,701 Hayes's .majority 897 president, 1868. Ulysses S. Grant, rep 2,908 Horatio Seymour, dem 1,592 Grant's majority. . . 1,316 SECRETARY OF STATE, 1868. Isaac R. Sherwood, rep 2,725 Thomas Hubbard, dem 1,687 Sherwood's majority 1,038 CONGRESSMAN, 1868. E .H. Moore, rep 2,807 M. D. Foiiett, dem 1,590 Moore's majority 1,217 governor, 1869. Rutherford B. Hayes, rep 2,578 Geo. H. Pendleton, dem 1,644 Hayes's majority .... 932 secretary of state, 1870. Isaac R. Sherwood, rep 2,374 William Heisley, dem 1,417 Sherwood's majority 957 congressman, 1870. William P. Sprague, rep 2,367 John Cartwright, dem 1,440 Sprague's majority 927 governor, 1871. Edward F. Noyes, rep 2,505 Gideon W. McCook, dem 1,540 Noyes's majority 965 president, jl872. Ulysses S. Grant, rep 3,025 Horace Greeley, dem 1,398 Grant's majority 1,627 secretary of state, 1872. A. T. Wikoff, rep 2,79S Aquila Wiley, dem 1,510 Wiko ft's maj ority .1,288 congressman, 1872. W. P. Sprague, rep 2,644 R. R. Hudson, dem 1,700 Sprague's majority 944 governor, 1873. E. F. Noyes, rep 2,576 William Allen, dem 1,455 G. T. Stewart, pro 166 Isaac Collins, lib 34 Noyes's plurality 1,121 13 SECRETARY OF STATE, 1S74. A. T. Wikoff, rep 2,516 William Bell, Jr., dem 1,684 John R. Buchtel, pro 101 WikofPs plurality 832 CONGRESSMAN, 1874. N. H. VanVorhes, rep 2,748 W. H. Oldham, dem 1,487 Alderman, pro. '57 Van Vorhes's plurality 1,26 1 GOVERNOR, 1875. Rutherford B. Hayes, rep 3,192 William Allen, dem 2^410 Hayes's majority 782 SECRETARY OF STATE, 1876. Milton Barnes, rep 3,240 William Bell, Jr., dem 2,152 E. S. Chapman, pro 54 Barnes's plurality 1,088 CONGRESSMAN, 1876. N. H. Van Vorhes, rep 3,264 W. W. Poston, dem 2,044 F. J. Cathers, pro 47 Van Vorhes's plurality 1,220 governor, 1877. William H. West, rep 2,568 Richard M. Bishop, dem 2,051 Henry A. Thompson, pro 145 Stephen Johnson, nat 15 West's plurality 517 SECRETARY OF STATE, 1878. Milton Barnes, rep 2,687 David R. Paige, dem 1,731 Jeremiah N. Robinson, pro 327 Andrew Roy, nat 447 Barnes's plurality 956 CONGRESSMAN, 1878. N. H. Van Vorhes, rep 2,934 A. J. Warner, dem 1,740 J. M. McElhinney, pro 155 George E. Geddes, nat 362 Van Vorhes's plurality 1,194 governor, 1879. Charles Foster, rep 3,361 Thomas Ewinsr, dem 2,289 Gideon T. Stewart, pro 112 A. Sanders Piatt, nat 73 Foster's plurality 1,072 194 HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. SECRETARY OF STATE, 1880. Charles Townsend, rep 3543 "William Lang, dem 2244 William H. Doan, pro 69 Charles A. Lloyd, nat 85 Townsend's plurality 1299 CONGRESSMAN, 1880. Rufus R. Dawes, rep 358Q A. J. Warner, dem 2260 Wm. Pemrose, pro 69 J. W. Martin, nat 59 Dawes's plurality 1320 It will be seen that the Prohibition and National parties both cast their largest vote in this county in 1S78. To give an idea of the complexion of the different parts of the count} 7 , we give here- with the vote by townships for President in 1876 and 1880, for Governor in 1881, and for Secretary of State and Congressman in 1882: VOTE FOR PRESIDENT IN 1876, BY TOWNSHIPS. G. CLAY PETER TOWNSHIPS. R. R. HAYES, 8. J. TILDEN, SMITH, COOPER, TOTAL VOTE. REP. DEM. PRO. NAT. 606 202 14 822 Ames 212 72 1 285 Alexander. . .. 191 106 297 191 43 i 235 120 197 317 143 120 263 Dover 228 131 359 Lee -.. . 201 63 i 265 167 164 336 Rome 304 170 5 479 Trimble . 180 83 263 Troy 251 170 ii 432 Waterloo 213 220 433 York 406 454 24 884 Totals 3.413 2,195 38 24 5,670 VOTE FOR PRESIDENT IN 1880, BY TOWNSHIPS. TOWNSHIPS. JAMES A. GARFIELD, REP. WINFIELD S. HANCOCK, DEM. NEAL DOW, PRO. JAMES B. WEAVER, NAT. TOTAL VOTE. Athens Alexander Carthage Troy Waterloo York 602 231 208 197 134 161 249 177 178 324 173 244 229 538 199 71 101 38 172 103 120 56 140 131 111 168 162 662 20 "e 1 '*7 5 2 11 13 9 2 1 11 5 59 830 302 315 235 312 265 369 242 323 455 287 434 409 1,259 Total 3,645 2,234 71 87 6.037 HISTOKY OF HOCKING- VALLEY. 195 The most remarkable part of the above vote is its number according to the population of the county the same year, which was 28,-ill, or about one vote to every four and two-thirds persons of the population. VOTE FOR GOVERNOR IN 1S81, BY TOWNSHIPS. . TOWNSHIPS. CHARLES FOSTER, REP. JOHN W. BOOKWALTER DEM. ABRAHAM R. LUDLOW, PRO. JOHN SEITZ, NAT. TOTAL VOTE . Athens Alexander . . . Carthage Dover Lee 527 214 159 137 106 127 178 131 132 248 163 178 179 378 228 59 63 29 120 48 83 50 79 72 84 111 143 648 27 1 9 5 2 10 "38 21 2 "45 7 50 7 "2 "7 1 i 10 12 197 789 274 231 173 228 185 268 220 Lodi Rome Trimble . . . Troy Waterloo .... 232 322 248 344 341 1,273 Total 2,857 1,817 217 237 5,128 VOTE FOR SECRETARY OF STATE, 1 882, BY TOWNSHIPS. TOWNSHIPS. CHARLES TOWNSEND, REP. JAMES W. NEWMAN, DEM. FRED SCHU- MACHER, PRO. GEORGE L. HAFER, NAT. TOTAL VOTE Alexander.. .. Lodi. ... Trimble Troy Waterloo .... York 477 195 166 117 111 138 163 161 142 244 135 200 191 484 264 159 72 30 151 73 103 61 73 95 78 129 129 623 24 "e 16 7 14 3 5 39 7 "23 4 2 6 "i "4 3 "g 9 20 188 771 254 245 163 269 225 273 230 254 346 219 361 344 1,297 Total 2,924 1,940 150 237 5,251 196 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. VOTE FOE CONGRESSMAN, 1882, BY TOWNSHIPS. TOWNSHIPS. RUFUS R. DAWES, REP. A. J. WAR- NER, DEM. WILLIAM REESE, PRO. TOTAL VOTE. 471 183 169 119 96 145 162 171 136 234 141 191 196 487 2.901 295 71 79 44 172 75 106 60 105 107 77 150 129 679 2.149 6 "l "i 3 "6 9 19 146 772 254 249 163 268 Dover 220 272 234 Lodi 241 Rome 341 Trimble 224 Troy Waterloo . . 350 344 York 1.312 Total 194 5,241 CHAPTER IX. MELANGE— A SERIES OF ARTICLES WORTHY OF ATTENTION- PERUSAL. Educational — Normal Institute — Statistical— Agricultural Society — When Inaugurated — Failure and Resurrection — Annual Fairs — Constitution and By-laws — Pioneer Associ- ation — Its Organization — Series of Interesting Meetings — The Death Roll — Officers — Letter of General Thomas Ewing — Future Prospects — New Court-House — The Old Log Court-House of 1807 — The Ancient Brick Court-House of ISIS — The Pride of Athens County, 1SS0 — Its Cost — What the People Thought in 1874, 1876 and 1878 — Its Success and Completion — Jail — Childrens' Home — Infirmary — Defalca- tion. educational. The inherited ideas of the pioneers of Athens Count} 7 , together with the presence for over three quarters of a century of the Ohio University, have ever made the interests of education paramount to most others. The first settlers, being attracted here by the University, were naturally a class of people to benefit by its pres- ence. Common schools and seminaries have from the start re- ceived careful attention, and the results have been wonderfully beneficial. The Athens people feel the deep truth of the saying of the eminent Frenchman, Jules Simon, (1 The people which has THE BEST SCHOOLS IS THE FIRST PEOPLE; IF IT IS NOT SO TO-DAY, IT WILL BE SO TO-MORROW." While this is true, comparatively speaking, it is no less certain that there is yet much room for improvement in educational affairs, a fact to which the people have been awakening during the last few years. It is encouraging to observe a growing tendency to place at the head of the leading schools, and in the important principal- ships, men and women of ability and culture, and to retain these persons long enough to secure their best services to the community. It is also a favorable sign that the tendency to divide the teaching force somewhat more liberally between the sexes is increasing. It (197) 198 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. is with reason that two somewhat different elements conspire in the culture of families. Experience demonstrates the wisdom of accepting this suggestion in the organization of schools, where so large a proportion of the intellectual and moral character of the youth of the State is formed. An occasional tendency to limit too narrowly the salaries of in- structors is one of the greatest drawbacks of the present time. The great need of the country is educators, and the fact is beyond dispute that educators can be obtained only through such an or- ganization and management of the school system as shall furnish inducements for educated and enterprising men and women to en- gage in the business of instruction and to remain in it. NORMAL INSTITUTES. One of the most necessary aids to a complete system of educa- tion is the Normal Institute. The professional contact of the teachers of a county with each other is quickening, and the influ- ence on the younger and less experienced teachers is always in- structive, and tends to awaken ambition and energy. The first permanent organization of teachers in Athens County was effected Dec. 17, 1853, at the court-house in Athens. S. How- ard, President of the University, was chosen Chairman, and J. P. Weethee, President of the Amesville Collegiate Institute, Secre- tary. The meeting was addressed by Professor J. G. Blair, Presi- dent Howard, Mr. R. W. Carley, Professor J. F. Given and Super- intendent C. Grant, after which it was resolved to organize a teachers' institute. A committee, consisting of Professor Blair, Superintendent Grant and Professor Weethee, reported a brief constitution, which was adopted. Semi-annual meetings were provided for, the first meeting to be held the second Monday in April, 1854. The following persons were chosen to lecture. President Howard and R. W. Carley, at Albany; Professor Blair and Superintendent Grant, at Nelson ville and Chauncey; Pro- fessor Given, at Amesville, and President Weethee and Rev. Hand, at Athens. The April meeting was not held, and for some time no further steps were taken for an effectual union of educational interests in Athens County. The organiza- tion was kept up continuously, however, and institutes were held occasionally. The first one of which any record is found was held at Cool ville on Tuesday, Oct. 7, 1S5G. George Hanger acted as HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 199 President pro tern. The session lasted two days, and was of inter- est to those who attended, although no professional lecturers were present, and the membership not large. The next institute was appointed for Albany, March 31, 1857, but no record of the pro- ceedings, if held, was kept. Oct. 5, 1857, a very successful institute was held at the Method- ist church in Athens, and was entered on the proceedings as beino- the " tenth semi-annual session." Presidents. Howard occupied the chair. C. S. Koyce, Agent for the Ohio State Phonetic Asso- ciation, was present and elected a member. He opened the work of the institute by lecturing briefly on elementary sounds. He was fol- lowed by Professor McLaughlin in an introduction to the study of arithmetic, and Mr. Royce then addressed the teachers on the subject of phonography. The question of the age at which chil- dren should be sent to school was discussed by the institute, and also the usage of tobacco by teachers. An interesting lecture was de- livered by Mr. Royce on "Responsibilities of Teachers," and bv Mr. Ogden on " Family and School Government." The next meeting of the association was held in Nelson vi He, March 15, 1858, S. Howard being President, and lasted four days The principal lecturers at this institute were Professors Allen, Young and Ogden, Mr. J. C. S. Miller and President Howard. The attendance of both teachers and visitors was large. The association had adjourned to meet at Albany, where a large institute was held for four days, beginning April 4, 1859. Seventy teachers attended this session, which was presided over by Dr. William Campbell. Mr. Royce, Agent of the Southwestern Nor- mal School, delivered an instructive address on " Moral Culture in Schools." Professor Allen lectured on " English Grammar." The Normal Institute was again opened in 1860, commencing July 23. The attendance was fair, and one of the principal feat- ures was a course of twelve lectures on elocution and literature delivered by Professor I. C. Zachas. This, 'so far as the records show, was the last one held until 1868. On July 6 of that year. the institute held for two weeks and was largely attended, and proved of unusual interest. The lecturers were Professor Schuy- ler, on Arithmetic; Professor John R. Scott, Penmanship; Profes- sor Tappan, Geography; Professor Young, the Theory and Practice of Teaching; Professor Gibbons, Grammar; and Professor Kidd on Elocution. The benefits derived from these institutes soon be- came very apparent, and the standard of qualification took a much higher plane than in former years. 200 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Another of these important institutes was held in the summer ot 1870, for one week, with an attendance of twenty-eight males and sixty-five females, which also proved of great interest. This was followed by a session in July, 1873, of one week, with an at- tendance of sixty -five, and one each in March and August of 1875, holding, also, one week, seventy-five teachers being present. In 1876 a live-days session was organized at which about 100 teachers attended. This was followed by similar sessions in 1878, 1S79, 1880 and 1881. The last and largest of all was the two-weeks session of 1882, when 150 teachers and students showed their appreciation of the value of these institutes by their close attendance from the open- ing to the close, Superintendent R. W. Stevenson, the Hon. T. W. Harvey and Professor Mendenhall conducting the work. STATISTICAL. The following educational statistics, taken from the State Com- missioner's Report of Common Schools, for the school year ending Aug. 31, 1881, are interesting and instructive. They show in a succinct and clear form the progress that has been made in educa- tional matters in Athens County: SCHOOL MONEYS RECEIPTS. School moneys on hand Sept. 1, 1880 $19,529.81 State tax... 13,393.65 Irreducible school fund 1,050.82 Local tax for school and school-house purposes 29,681.6-1 Amount received on sale of bonds 400.00 Fines, licenses, tuition of non-resident pupils, and other sources 1,639.06 Total receipts f 65,644.98 EXPENDITURES. Paid primary teachers $33,224 64 Paid high school teachers 2,790.00 Managing and superintending 1,185.00 Sites and buildings 3,016.45 I nterest on bonds 167.96 Fuel and other contingent expenses 6,228.53 Total expenditures #46,612.58 Balance on hand Sept. 1, 1881 $19,082.40 STATE SCHOOL FUND. Showing the amount of interest on the several funds constituting the irreducible State debt for the year ending Dec. 31, 1880, due HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 201 and payable to counties after Jan. 1, 1881, and paid during the fiscal year ending Nov. 15, 18S1. Section 16, school fund. .*. . $ 784.57 Section 29, ministerial fund 431.46 Total $ 1,216.03 SCHOOL POPULATION, ETC., 1881. White boys between 6 and 21 4,746 " girls " " 4,336 Total white children 9,082 Colored boys between 6 and 21 215 " girls " " 164 Total colored children 379 Whole number 9,461 Population of county, 1880 28,413 Enumeration of persons of school age, 1880 9,237 Per cent, of population 33 SCHOOL DISTRICT, SCHOOL-HOUSES, ETC. Number of townships . . . 14 " sub-districts 156 " separate districts 6 Sub-divisions included in separate districts 6 School-houses erected in lb81 4 Cost of school-houses erected in 1881 $2,110 Whole number of school-houses 165 Value of school-houses $112,350 SCHOOL-ROOMS AND TEACHERS. No. school-rooms, township primary schools 154 high ' " 2 " sep. dist. primary " 27 " high " 5- Whole number of school-rooms . 188 Male teachers in primary schools, township 116 Female " " " , 126 Total number 242 Male teachers in primary schools, sep. dist 8 Female " " " 13 Male " high schools, " 2 Female " " " 12 Total number 35 Whole number of different teachers in county 277 202 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. AVERAGE WAGES OF TEACHERS. Males in primary schools, township .* $28 Females " " 22 Males " sep. dist 32 Females " " 30 Males in high schools " 34 Females " " 4S LENGTH OF SCHOOLS. Number of sub-districts in which schools were taught less than twenty- four weeks within the year 4 Primary schools, in townships, average number of weeks in session 25 Primary schools, in separate districts, average number of weeks in session. 36 High schools in separate districts, average number of weeks in session. . ..36 AVERAGE RATE OF LOCAL TAX IN MILLS. Townships, 1880-1831 3.2 1881-1882. 3.5 Separate districts, 1880-1881 3.7 1881-1882 ••■ 4.2 DIFFERENT PUPILS ENROLLLED. Boys in primary schools, townships 3,157 Girls " " 2,973 Boys in high schools, sep. dist 84 Girls " " 109 Boys in primary schools " 712 Girls « « 718 Total enrollment 7,753 AVERAGE DAILY ATTENDANCE. Boys in primary schools, township 1,683 Girls " " 1,556 Total 3,239 Boys in primary schools, sep. dist 464 Girls " " 424 Boys in high schools " 50 Girls " " 82 Whole average daily attendance 4,259 Per cent, attendance is of enrollment, townships 72 " " " sep. dist 86 DISTRICTS WHOSE ENUMERATION IS OVER 300. ATHENS. Enumeration of youth of school age, 1880 759 » 1S81 645 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 203 Total receipts for school purposes $6,928.63 " expenditures for school purposes within the year 1881 $6,136.51 Local levy for 1881 in mills 6.5 Number of school-house 1 Number of school-rooms 11 Total value of school property, including grounds, school-houses, furni- ture, apparatus, etc $ 25,000 Number of teachers necessary to supply the schools 12 Male teachers employed Female " " 10 Male average monthly wages Female " " " $33 Superintendent's salary $1,200 Portion of Superintendent's time employed % Pupils enrolled in primary schools 405 " 'i " high " 33 Average monthly enrollment in primary schools 351 " high " 30 " daily attendence " primary " 293 " high " 27 Per cent. " " is of average monthly enrollment in primary schools 85 Percent, daily attendance is of average monthly enrollment in high school .... 90 Number of different pupils enrolled, whose ages were between 16 and 21 7 23 Cost per pupil of the year's expenditure $12.32 NELSONVILLE. Enumeration of youth of school age, 1880 1,001 1881 1,028 Total receipts for school purposes $9,424.30 " expenditures for school purposes $6,198.50 Local levy for 1881 in mills $10.00 Number of school-houses 4 " school-rooms 12 Total value of school property, including grounds, school-houses, fur- niture, apparatus etc $15,500 Number of teachers necessary to supply the schools 7 Male teachers employed 2 Female " " 5 Male average monthly wages $33 Female " " ' $33 Average number of weeks of school 36 Superintendent's salary $1 ,200 Portion of Superintendent's time employed % Pupils enrolled in primary schools 708 " high " 60 Average monthly enrollment in primary schools 485 " " " " high " 45 " daily attendance in primary " 434 " high " 42 Per cent, daily attendance is of average monthly enrollment in primary schools 85 Per cent, daily attendance is of average monthly enrollment in high schools 93 Number of different pupils enrolled, whose ages were between 16 and 21 23 Cost per pupil of the year's expenditures $8.07 204 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. TOWNSHIPS IN WHICH SCHOOLS WERE HELD LESS THAN TWENTY-FOUR WEEKS. AMES. No. of school-rooms in township 14 " " in which schools were held less than twenty-four weeks 1 Average number of weeks schools were sustained in township. ........ 25 Rate of local school tax, in mills, 1880-1881 . . 1.3 1881-1882 30 Average monthly wa^es, males $ 24 " females $23 CARTHAGE. No. of school-rooms in township 9 in which schools were held less than twenty-four weeks 2 Average number of weeks schools were sustained in township 24 Rate of local school-tax in mills, 1880-1881 1.8 " 1881-1882 3.8 Average monthly wages, in ales $25 " females $18 ATHENS COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. The mineral interests of Athens County, while being rapidly developed of late, was not the pioneer business of the settlers. Yast as are the deposits of iron, coal, fire-clay, etc., the agricult- ural interests of the county are by no means small. The cereals, grasses and stock raised exceed the value of the mineral product as yet, and there are few, if any, counties in the State better adapted to stock-raising than those located in the Hocking Valley. It could be made a vital and important interest in the future growth of these counties. Agricultural and mechanical associations have, from an early day, been a strong incentive to intelligent farm labor. The rivalry which is excited is one to be commended, and to this spirit it may be said, has the rapid stride been made, which has placed the farm in the front rank of advanced material production and given em- ployment to the inventive genius of man. This is, and always will be, the result of a well-organized and managed agricultural society, and they should be encouraged and fostered. Athens County holds a front rank in agricultural production and stock-rais- ing in the State, but that position could be materially enhanced by enlarging their field of action, and by giving a full week to the exhibition of all the products of the county. HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 205 WHEN ORGANIZED. The first agricultural society of Athens County was organized May 19, 1S28, under the name of the " Athens County Agricult- ural Society," and as was stated in the preamble, "was for the purpose of raising a spirit of emulation and improvement in the culture of the soil, and the domestic manufacture of its products. " The organization formed a constitution and by-laws which covered the rules and regulations usual to such societies, and appointed committees to solicit subscriptions, etc. The committees were as follows: Athens. — S. 13. Pruden, R. J. Davis, Charles Shipman. Alexander. — Ziba Lindley, -Jr., Asa Stearns, Daniel Dudley. Ames. — Colonel A. Boyles, Geo. Walker, Jacob Eoarman. Bern. — James Dickey, Win. T. Brown, Robert Henry. Canaan. — Parker Carpenter, Martin Mansfield, Harry Hen- shaw. Carthage. — Francis Caldwell, B. B. Lottridge, Milton Buck- in gham. Dover. — Josiah True, Daniel Herrold, John Pugsley. Elk. — Thomas Johnson, James Bothwell, Edward Dodge. Homer. — R. S. Lovell, Selah Hart. Win. Hyde. Lee. — Jacob Lentner, Michael Canny, Win. Brown. Locli. — Joseph Thomson, Rufns Coole} r , Elam Frost. Home. — Elijah Hatch, Daniel Stewart, John Thompson. Troy. — Charles Devol, Alfred Hobby, Wm. Barrows. Trhnole. — Wm. Bagley, Samuel B. Johnson, James Bosworth. Vinton. — Daniel H. Horton, Isaac Hawk, Samuel Zinn. Waterloo. — Joseph Hewitt, Nathan Robinett, Alexander Youn_% York. — James Knight, Joseph J. Robbins, Robert Terry. A meeting was held in July following which showed the work so tar advanced as to arrange for a fair. This was accordingly -done, and October was designated as the month to hold the first agricultural fair in Athens County, which was also the first held in Southern Ohio. The fair was primitive in many respects, but was considered a success for the times. At the annual meeting, which took place on the 16th of the follow- ing April (1829), an effort was made to enlarge the scope of the soci- ety and infuse a new spirit in the enterprise. This was in a measure successful, and the organization received a fresh impulse. The meeting adjourned after electing the following officers for the en- suing year: 206 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. President, Ziba Lindley, Jr.; Vice-Presidents, Christopher "Wolf,. Athens; Samuel McKee, Alexander; Abel Glazier, Ames; James Dickey, Bern; Joshua Hoskinson, Canaan; Fr. Caldwell, Carthage: John B. Johnson, Dover; Justus Reynolds, Elk; H. Alderman, Homer; Jacob Lentner, Lee ; J. Thompson, Lodi; Daniel Stewart, Rome; Wm. Barrows, Troy; ¥ra, Bagley, Trimble; Geo. Utsler, Vinton; Joseph Hewitt, "Waterloo; James Knight, York; Treas- urer, Thomas Brice; Secretary, A. ; G. Brown; Directors, Levi Booth, Colonel Absalom Boyles, Robert Linzee, Calvary Morris, S. B. Pruden, Isaac Baker. There was $75 appropriated at this meeting for premiums at the coming fair. This was not a large sum, but it was considered as about the amount that could be afforded. The largest was to be given for the best stallion, owned and kept by a member of the society, $4. The next largest i'or the best pair of working oxen and yoke, $3. For the best six merino ewes, $2. Best beef an- imal, $2. To the person producing evidence of having killed the greatest number of wolves, two young ones to be counted as one old one, $3. Best specimen of sewing silk $1 00 Best five yards fulled cloth. 3-4 wide - - - - 1 00 Best ten yards linen - - - - - - - -150 Best straw or grass bonnet ------ 1 00 This fair was held, as was several others afterward, but the or- ganization was kept up but a few years, when it gradually sank to rest. The General Assembly of the State passed an act Feb. 25, 1832, authorizing the establishment of such societies in the several counties of the State. This was the first general recognition of the farming interest by the State Legislature. Undoubtedly it did some good, but the main trouble was that the country was too voting and too thinly settled to make fairs a success in many coun- ties of the State. There was but little further action for a number of years, when the subject was again revived by legislative action. A NEW DEPARTURE. An act of the Legislature, passed in 1S46, to encourage the formation of agricultural societies, provided that whenever a soci- ety might raise $50 as a fund for paying the premiums and other expenses of an exhibition, the State would contibute $50 addi- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 207 tional. The subject of forming such a society in this county came up in 1850, and resulted in a call for a meeting to be held Jan. 13, 1851. At that date a number of the citizens of the county met at the court-house, and effected a temporary organiza- tion by calling Joseph Post, of Lee Township, to the chair, and appointing George Putnam, of York Township, Secretary. On motion of A. B. Walker it was resolved to proceed to form an agri- cultural society for Athens County. A committee of five — S. Rice, A. B. Walker, A. Love, Ezra Goodspeed and Hiram Stewart were selected to draft a constitution. They reported the following, which was adopted: " Article 1. — The officers of the society shall consist of a presi- dent, vice-president, recording secretary, corresponding secretary, treasurer, and five managers, who, together, shall constitute a board of directors for the general management of the affairs of the 60cietv ; they shall be elected annually by the members of the society, and hold their offices until their successors are appointed. Article 2. — Members of this society must be residents of the County of Athens, and pay the sum of $1 annually to the treas- urer. Article 3. — Competitors for premiums must be members of the society. Article 4. — A list of the articles for which premiums are to be awarded by the society mast be published in a newspaper or in hand-bills six weeks previous to the day of exhibition. Article 5. — All articles offered for premiums must be owned by the persons offering the same, or by members of their families; and products of the soil, or manufactured articles, must be pro- duced or manufactured within the county of Athens. Article 6. — Awarding committees of three persons each shall be annually appointed by the directors, for judging the different classes of articles offered in competition, and awarding premiums for the same. Article 7. — The awarding committees for the improvements of soils, tillage, crops, manures, implements, stock, articles of domes- tic industry, and such other articles, productions and improvements as they may deem proper, and calculated to promote the agricultu- ral and manufacturing interests of the county, shall so regulate the premiums and the different grades of the same as that it shall be competent for small as well as large farmers to compete there- for in conformity to the second section of the law of Ohio for the encouragement of agriculture. 208 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Article 8. — Competitors for premiums on crops shall be re- quired to have the ground and its produce accurately measured by two disinterested persons whose statements shall be verified by affidavit. Article 9. — Premiums on grain and grass crops shall not be awarded for less than one acre, and on root crops not less than one fourth of an acre, under the rules in relation to all crops and pro- ductions to be agreed on by the directors of the society. Article 10. — The annual exhibitions of this society shall be held at such place within the county as may be designated by the directors, on the third "Wednesday of October, the premiums on crops, if necessary, to be awarded at a later period. The members who joined at this first meeting of the society were as follows: Joseph Post, Ziba Lindley, George Putnam, Hi- ram Stewart, John Ballard, A. Ryors, J. M. Dana, E. B. Talpey, Eleazer Smith, A. J. Wilmarth, E. D. Harper, B. F. Johnson, A. J. Yan Yorhes, James D. Johnson, John T. Glazier, E. F. Brown, George Walker, Jr., Alexander Love, N. O. "Warren, A. B. Walker, E. Mathews, Chandler Rosceter, H. B. Brawley, Samuel Gillett, N. P. Hoisington, Charles Dickey, James Dickey, John Elliott, John B. Brown, John Welch, Sabinus Rice, James W. Bayard, R. E. Constable, Joseph Herrold, 2d, Joseph Morrison, Ezra Good- speed, Joseph Goodspeed, Peter W. Boyles, Hugh A. Poston, Alex. Stephenson, John Beabout, J. L. Currier, Daniel Nelson, P. M. Starr, L. Jewett, H. Hay, O. Gillett, K Root, E. H. Moore, Wm. Golden, W. P. Johnson and Bernard Howson. The following were chosen as officers: Sabinus Rice, President; Ziba Lindley, Yice-President; George Putnam, Recording Secre- tary; A. B. Walker, Corresponding Secretary; J. M. Dana, Treas- urer; Henry Brawl ey of Ames, Eleazer Smith of Athens, Hiram Stewart of Rome, Peter W. Boyles of Lodi, and Charles Dickey, of Bern, Managers. The first fair was held at Athens, Oct. 15, 1851, and, all things considered, was a success. About a hundred premiums were awarded, and the exhibition of stock was satisfactory in most particulars. The productions of the dairy and domestic manufact- ure were well worthy of commendation. The specimens of grain were remarkably fine, and the quantity raised per acre was also respectable. Forty-five and a half bushels of wheat and 120 -of corn to the acre, were reported. The second annual fair was a decided improvement over the HISTORV OF HOCKING VALLEY. 209 first. Two hundred premiums were offered and the fair lasted two days — Oct. 14 and 15, 1852, the weather favorable and the attendance good. The first day was devoted exclusively to the- exhibition of stock, which was of a much better grade than the first year. At this fair there were entered for exhibition seventy- two horses, sixty-three head of cattle, thirty-two of sheep, and twenty-one hogs. An address was delivered by Hon. John Welch, and short speeches were made by others. The third fair occupied two days, Oct. 6 and 7, 1853, and the fourth was held on the 5th and 6th days of October, 1S54. This was on a larger scale, there being sixteen classes of articles, with a separate committee of judges for each. The admission fee charged was 10 cents. A riding match was held, in which the equestriennes competed for a gold locket, a gold breast-pin and a gold pen. These first fairs, though mere experiments, drew a good number of visitors from all parts of the county, and quite a number from surrounding counties. The fairs continued to be held annually, and the interest in them increased until the eighth annual fair showed a membership of 500 and the receipts over $1,000. The ninth fair proved the most suc- cessful of the series, being held three days under the name of the "Athens County Agricultural and Mechanical Association," and came off Oct. 11, 12 and 13. 1859, with some new feat- ures not before given. The attendance was estimated at from 10,000 to 12,000, although Vinton, Hocking, Washington and Ross counties held their fairs at the same time. The membership ran up to about 650. There were 669 entries of articles, and $427 in premiums were awarded. The receipts were $1,500, which placed the society on a sound financial footing. As before, the show of live stock was the best feature, although many were attracted b} r the trotting races held this year for the first time. Five entries were made. Sorrel gelding "Jake," raised in Athens County, but owned by Dickey & Seamon, of Morgan County, won first money, $20.00. Time, 3:01 and 2:58. Brown mare " Kate " took sec- ond money, $10.00. Time, 3:05 and 3:07. From this time on for some fifteen years annual fairs were held with the exception of 1862. There were little changes to note, with the exception that pleasant weather insured a much more sue. cessful fair than wet or bad weather. The sixteenth fair, in 1866, was the best held up to that time, and the only one whose receipts equaled the fair of 1859. The next was the twenty-first, 14 210 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. held in 1871, the receipts of which were reported at the same fig- ures as given twelve years previous. From the twenty-first to the twenty-seventh fair, inclusive, the success was but moderate. The twenty-eighth fair showed receipts aggregating $1,700, and that of the twenty-ninth, over $2,000, they being held respectively in 1878 and 1879. The thirtieth annual fair held on Oct. 6, 7 and 8, 1880, was the most successful, for many years, of the series held. The races this year were also very fine. The gate receipts were over $2,000. The thirty-first annual fair was held Oct. 5, 6 and 7, 1381. The season had been a very unfavorable one for the farmers, and con- sequently the number and quality of exhibits showed a considerable falling off. The gate receipts were $1,900, of which $1,250 were paid out in premiums. The thirty-second annual fair, held Oct. 4. 5 and 6, 1882, was a great success in every respect. The season had been a good one, agriculturally, and the farmers came forward with a goodly num- ber of live stock and farm products. The gross receipts were $2,556.94. The premium list was quite a liberal one, aggregating $1,750. The society is now in a flourishing condition, and is destined to be a most successful organization for the agricultural and stock interests of Athens County. ATHENS COUNTY PIONEER ASSOCIATION. The advantages of organizing pioneer societies to keep alive the memory of early days, to record in permanent shape our early history, and to promote a fraternal feeling among surviving pio- neers have been felt and acted upon in most localities. Nearly every county has its organization, and holds reunions at stated periods. Athens County was rather slow to take the necessary steps; but interest was finally awakened, and in pursuance of a call, by a committee previously appointed, a number of citizens of the county met at the court-house in Athens, Dec. 26, 1868. The meeting was called to order by lion. Calvary Morris, Chair man, with appropriate remarks. A. B. Walker was chosen Secretary, pro-tem., and the committee appointed for the purpose reported a constitution and by-laws, through Dr. "William Blackstone. The following extracts are made : HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 211 " The object of this association shall be to gather together and preserve reminiscences, statistics or other information connected with the settlements and history of our town, county and the southern part of Ohio previous to the year 1820. "Any person may become a member of this association by paying into the treasury thereof the sum of $1 and signing the constitution, provided that he or she has lived in the State of Ohio on or before the 4th of July, 1830. " The annual meeting for the election of officers shall take plac on Saturday succeeding Dec. 25 of each year, and the semi-annual meetings on the fourth Saturday in July, at Athens. " In case of the death of any member, an attendance upon the funeral, on the part of the members of the association, in a body, shall be observed as far as practicable." The following persons signed the constitution at this meeting and became members: Isaac Barker, General John Brown, Nathan Kinney, Calvary Morris, Archibald G. Brown, William Black- stone, John Perkins, Francis Beardsley, John N. Dean, Oliver Childs, Jacob Swett, John Brown, Oscar W. Brown, George Put- nam, Gilbert M. McDougal, Archibald B. Walker, Daniel B. Stew- art, Joseph Tippie, Henry B. Bravvley, Peter Stalder, Samuel Pickering, Ephraim C. Brown and William Golden. Also, Matthew A. Patrick, John Ackley and Benjamin T. Handall were elected corresponding members. The members present then proceeded to the election of permanent officers for the ensuing year, which resulted as follows : President, Isaac Barker ; Vice-President, General John Brown; Corresponding Secretary, Archibald G. Brown; Recording Secretary, Archibald B. Walker; Treasurer, John Brown; Executive Committee, Calvary Morris, Elmer Powell, William Blackstone, William Golden and George Putnam. After the transaction of some further business the meeting adjourned. The next meeting was held April 7, 1869, at the court-house, and several papers of great interest relating to pioneer life and border warfare were read. Brief addresses were also delivered by several of the members. A very profitable meeting of the association was held Sept. 30, 1869, at New England, in this county. Vice-President General John Brown presided, Judge Barker, then in his ninety-first year, being unable to attend. At this meeting the constitution was amended so as to admit to full membership all females of the fami- lies of members who have been in the State the requisite time, with- 212 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ont an}' initiation fee; and the third article was so amended that persons resident of Ohio previous to 1810 (instead of 1830) were eligible to' membership. It was also directed that in future the annual meetings be held on the 7th of April (the anniversary of the landing of the first settlers at Marietta), and the semi-annual meet- ings on the 7th of October, when either or both of said days hap- pen on Sunday, the day following to be substituted instead. T. L. Dewess, Jacob Tedrow, B. F. Johnson, Andrew Dodds and Orange "Barrows were added to the list of members, and under the amend- ment eighteen ladies were received on the list of members. The secretary announced at this meeting the death of several pioneer women of the county, viz.: Mrs. Betsey Parker, Mrs. Apphia Ham- ilton, Mrs. Maria Dean and Mrs. Lyclia Nye. Mrs. Parker was a daughter of Joshua Wyatt, who settled in Ames Township in 1801. Her marriage, May 13, r 1803, to William Parker, was the first in that township and the second in the county. Siie died in Athens, Aug. 8, 1S69, in the eighty-fourth year of her age. The following brief sketch of a pioneer was read and entered on the minutes. " Henry Bartlett, a native of Beverly, Mass., came to Marietta in the year 1796, and settled in this county the following year with his young family, living in the town of Athens till his decease, Sent. 9, 1850, in the eightieth year of his age. Mr. Bartlett was on many accounts distinguished among the early pioneers of our county Having enjoyed good opportunities in early life, fitting him for public business, he was appointed by the County Commission- ers, Clerk of the board; and of the County Courts in 1805, the year of the organization of the county. He held the position of Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas for more than thirty years, and for a still longer period several other offices, including those of Secre- tary and Auditor of the Ohio University. His superior penman- ship was noticeable among the best writers of the day, and his numerous friends were justly proud of his distinction in that line." Judge Morris, in a short address, remarked that there were older members present than himself, but that he had lived to see great and important changes in the county, especially in the way of public improvements. In 1828 he rode on the first ten miles of rail- road constructed in the United States for the conveyance of pas- sengers, from Baltimore to Elliott's Mills. The car was made like the body of an omnibus, with seats along the side, and drawn by a single horse, and he thought it a great treat thus to ride on a railroad. In 1842 he witnessed the first public experiment of Pro- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 213 fessor Morse's telegraph, when the communication extended only from one room of the capitol to another. The Judge then closed with a few remarks upon the rapid growth and extension of im- provements generally since that period. The annual meeting, held April 7, 1670, at the court-house, was replete with interest. Judge Barker, then in his ninety second year, presided at the opening, but soon called Judge Morris to the chair. Among the interesting features of this meeting was the presentation to the society, bv General John Brown, of a tax duplicate dated June 27, 1807. The following were elected officers: President, General John Brown; Vice-President, Hon. 0. Morris; Corresponding Secretary, Hon. A. G. Brown; Recording Secretary, A. B. Walker; Treasurer, John Brown; Executive Committee, H. B. Brawley, William Blackstone, William Golden and G. M. McDoua-al. The semi-annual meeting of Oct. 7 following was presided over by Hon. Calvary Morris, the Vice-President, although the Presi- dent, General John Brown, was present. Tiie principal object of discussion at this meeting was the first public library northwest of the Ohio, the claims of Ames Township (since substantiated be- yond dispute) to priority on behalf of the "Western Library As- sociation" having been disputed by Cincinnati. A committee was appointed to investigate the subject and have the question forever settled. General C. H. Grosvenor, Rev. John Stewart, Rev. John Fletcher Stewart, General T. F. Wilder and Charles E. M. Jen- nings joined the association at this meeting. The next meeting was the annual one of April 7, 1871, presided over by Vice-President Calvary Morris. The committee appointed to investigate the matter of the first public library in the North- west made a lengthy report, which was placed on the records, pre- senting the respective claims of Ames and Cincinnati, and proving that the honor belongs to Ames. A number of interesting and valuable documents were presented to the association. Elmer Armstrong, Leonard Brown, John Ballard, Ziba Hoskison, Dr. S. Howard, Colonel William S. Wilson, Enoch Cabeen, Alfred Morri- son and Frederick P. Kassler joined the association. The follow- ing officers were chosen: John Perkins, President; H. B. Brawley, Vice-President; A. G. Brown, Corresponding Secretary; A. B. Walker, Recording Secretary; and John Brown, Treasurer. This session was well attended." A meeting of the association was held at Amestown, July 1, in conjunction with a celebration by the citizens of that vicinity. 214 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. General Thomas Ewing was present at this meeting. His father, Hon. Thomas Ewing, had been expected, but could not come on account of failing health. He died soon after. The following is the letter of regret written by him and read by General C. H. Grosvenor: Lancaster, July 3, 1871. Gentlemen: I find it will not be in my power to attend the Ames- ville pioneer celebration on the 4th. Though my health is toler- able, I cannot endure even a small amount of fatigue; and on consulting my physician, he advises me not to venture. I would be very glad to meet you all, the living friends and associates of ray boyhood and early youth, and the descendants of those that are gone; but as I cannot, I send my third son, General Thomas Ew- ing, Jr., whom I trust you will find a creditable representative of the first pioneers. I visited Amesville a few weeks since, after an absence of fifty- five years, and found my memory fresh as to places and persons. The streams appeared small, and the valleys narrow, but rich and beau- tiful as when I last knew them. To me, while I lived in it, and until I left it, it was a happy valley; there was little material wealth in it, but one could see a verification of the assertion of the poet, that a people "though very poor may still be very blest." There can grow up no inordinate wealth here to disturb the quiet tenor of life. While it is abundantly prosperous, its tranquillity is not in danger of being destroyed by those terrible commotions which distract the greater world. Mr. Walker's History of Athens County marks well the calm and steady progress of this happy valley in population and in mental culture, much of which is due to our early library associa- tion; and I am strongly impressed with the opinion that it is en- titled to one year's earlier date than his record gives it. In the spring of 1803 my father removed his family to a small farm seven miles southeast, on the Marietta road. In this I am not mistaken, as I made record of the date on the bark of a beech tree which I have seen often since. I remained on the Amestown farm to go to school, and helped my brother take care of the stock. Judge Walker came in November of that year and occupied the principal cabin, and such of our family as remained, a smaller one on the other side of the little run. I was reading a library book — "The Children of the Abbey" — and had got together a good HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 215 supply of hickory bark to make me a light, and I rose an hour or two before day and sat on a stool by the fire reading. Henry Bartlett, Esq., who happened to be with us that night, came and sat also and asked to look at my book. I handed it to him, aud, as he returned it, it fell open on the fire and scorched and spotted several of the leaves. By the rules of the library there was a fine for every spot; and in counting up the injury in tips and levies, I found myself a bankrupt boy. However, 1 took the book to the next library meeting, explained the misfortune, and the board very kindly remitted the fines. If the volume (I think it was the second) be still in existence, it must bear the marks of the adventure. This antedates Mr. Walker's record several months. I think the money was raised and the books bought and on hand before that record was made out, and that it is but an official recogni- tion of a past fact. As to Morse's Geography, I studied it as early as 1800; but it was no doubt a book on hand, afterward turned in by Mr. Cutler and my father as part of their contribution to the library. I remember a rural scene of the summer of 1800, simple and childish, but illustrative of a fact in history. Mrs. Brown had a handsome little tomato plant of the small round kind, which was then called love-apple. It was not known among us as an article of food until several years after the French inhabitants of St. Domingo had been driven from the island and had taken refuge on our shores, and then its use extended slowly. On the day named, children of the two families were at play in Mrs. Brown's garden, when suddenly the alarm was raised and ran through the little group that Apphia Brown had eaten a love-apple! We sped with the fearful intelligence to the grown up people, who did not par- take of our alarm, and it passed off without a catastrophe. It was many years later when I first saw the tomato used on our tables as an esculent. For many years we had no postoffice nearer than Athens, but my father's little farm on the Marietta road was passed once a week by a mail carried on horseback between Clarksburg, Ya., and Chil- licothe, one week east, the next week west. I always took care to be on hand when the mail passed. It was carried by a boy of six- teen or seventeen, John Davis, who became my intimate friend, and I fed his horse and mother gave him supper and a bed with me by the fire, as a reward for the news he brought us. I have often sat up till ten o'clock listening for his horn; he was very 216 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. punctual with his sachel of "news from all nations lumbering at his back." I am indulging in trifles, but " these little things are great to little men," and I write as I would talk with you, if present. I wish all our assembled friends many happy returns of this glori- ous day. I am very Respectfully Yours, Thomas Ewing. The semi-annual meeting of October, 1871, was held in Athens, when several reminiscences were presented and the usual routine business transacted. The annual meeting of April 6, 1872, was held at the court- house and presided over by John Perkins. John "Welch, J. M. Dana, Rev. Justice Reynolds, Dr. Eber G. Carpenter, William Courtney, George Linscott and David Goodspeed were received as members. Hon. John Welch was chosen President; H. B. Braw- ley, Yice-President; John Brown, Treasurer; A. B. Walker, Corre- sponding and Recording Secretary; D. B. Stewart, George Putnam, Leonard Brown, Charles H. Grosvenor and T. F. Wildes, Executive Committee. The meeting was well attended. The semi-annual meeting of Oct. 7, following, was presided over by Hon. John Welch. Joseph Herrold, James G. Owens and William H. H. Mintern were received as members. The most important feature of this meeting was the reading of memorials in regard to a number of pioneers who had recently passed away, among them Mrs. Phoebe Sprague, Mrs. Joseph Post, Mrs. Bet- sey P. Walker, Mr. Samuel Brown and Dr. Chauncey F. Perkins. The annual meeting in April, 1873, was presided over by Vice- President H. B. Brawley. The election of officers resulted in the choice of John Ballard as President; H. B. Brawley, as Yice-President; A. B. Walker, Sec- retary; John Brown, Treasurer; J. H. Glazier, Leonard Brown, D. B. Stewart, C. II. Grosvenor and George Putnam, Executive Com- mittee. A picnic and meeting of the society was held Sept. 6, following, at Milltield, Dover Township, which was largely attended, and enjoyed by all. John Wyatt, J. P. Weethee, James Henry, A. W. Glazier, John M. Hibbard, J. H. Harris and Ebenezer Pratt were received as members. The deaths of Dr. Solomon Howard, Jacob Tedrow, John Frame, Alexander Caldwell, Isaac Coe, Mrs. Nancy II. Per- kins, Mrs. John Haldren and Captain Jasper N. Watkins were HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 217 announced. A number of interesting communications and dona- tions were received. The annual meeting, April 7, 1874, presided over by John Bal- lard, was held at the Presbyterian church in Athens. After an interesting meeting, the following officers were chosen for the en- suing year: President, Hon. N. If. Van Vorhes; Yice-Presid George Putnam; Secretary, A. B. Walker; Treasurer, John Brown; Executive Committee, Leonard Brown, H. B. Brawley, D. B. Stew- art, J. H. Glazier and S. W. Pickering. The annual meeting of April 7, 1875, was held in the M. E. church at Athens, and was presided over by Hon. N. H. Yan Vor- hes. The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: President, N. H. Van Vorhes; Vice-President, Dr. Win. Black- stone ; Secretary, A. B. Walker; Treasurer, Hon. E. H. Moore; Executive Committee, Judge Leonidas Jewett, Dr. E. G. Carpen- ter, George Putnam and Joseph Herrold. The Secretary reported the death of John N. Dean, June 23, 1874, in the eightieth year of his age; of Nathan Kinney, Ang. 26, 1874, in his ninety-third year; Oliver Childs, Feb. 3, 1875, in his seventy-eighth year; and Nelson McCune, Hon. Jacob C. Frost, Judge L. Jewett, Win. Mason and Hull Foster were elected members. The next meeting of interest was held April. 7, 1877, at the new city hall in Athens, Hon. N. H. Van Vorhes presiding. Judge John Welch delivered an instructive address in the afternoon. The following officers were chosen: President, Hon. N. H. Van Vorhes; Vice-President, G. M. McDougal; Secretary, A. B. Walker; Treasurer, E. H. Moore; Executive Committee, H. B. Brawley, M. A. Patrick, D. B. Stewart and Elmer Armstrong. The annual meeting of April 8, 1878, the tenth since the organ- ization of the society, was held at its room in the <;ourt-house, which was tastefully decorated for the occasion with flowers and house-plants, contributed by the ladies. Vice-President Gilbert M. McDougal presided. A large number of contributions of books, papers and reminiscences were received through the Secretary, A. B. Walker. For the ensuing year Gilbert M. McDougal was chos- en President; Elmer Armstrong, Vice-President; A. B. Walker, Secretary; E. H. Moore, Treasurer; Executive Committee, Dr. E. G. Carpenter, Hon. John Welch, B. F. Johnson, H. B. Brawley and D. B. Stewart. The deaths of Elmer Powell, Oct. 26, 1877; John Wyatt, Oct. 31, 1877; and Jacob C. Frost, March 24, 1878, were reported. 218 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The annual meeting for 1879 was held May 7, at the city hall, and was presided over by President Gilbert M. McDougal. The deaths of Dr. William Blackstone, March 18, 1879; Bishop E. R. Ames, April 25, 1879; and George Linscott, April 19, 1S79, were announced. A number of contributions were received, and the following officers were elected: President, G. M. McDougal; Vice- President, Samuel Pickering; Secretary, A. B. Walker; Treasurer, Hon. E. H. Moore; Executive Committee, Dr. E. G. Carpenter, Hon. John Welch, B. F. Johnson, D. B. Stewart and H. B. Bravvley. July 4, 1879, an interesting meeting was held at the "grove" near Amesville, the principal features of which were speeches by Hon. Charles Townsend and Judge A. G. Brown. A goodly num- ber of members were received at this time. Their names are as follows: Daniel Fleming, A. W. McLead, Alfred Matteson, George S. Anderson. J. N. Pilcher, George Ed. Henry, S. J. Wells, Jr., Fred Stalder, John Patterson, Solomon Hill, J. H. Blunden, W. M. Henry, Elizabeth Whaley, Lucy Fleming, Rebecca Smith, Annie L. Brown, Mary McLead, Sarah E. Patterson, Sarah E. Matteson, Jane Wells, Lydia A. Blunden and Lavina Henry. Sept. 1, 1879, a petition praying for the assignment of a room in the court-house for the use of the association, and signed by twen- ty-live members, was presented to the Board of County Commis- sioners. This board, then consisting of Messrs. F. Finsterwald, Elza Armstrong and W. II. Cnrfman, unanimously granted the society the use of the southeast room of the basement. The next meeting was held April 7, 1880, at the city hall, the room in the court-house not being yet prepared, and was presided over by D. B. Stewart, of Athens. The death of John Perkins, of Athens, one of the oldest merchants in the Hocking Valley, was announced, and a biographical notice prepared by President Scott was read by the Secretary. By a unanimous vote it was decided to hold the annual meetings thereafter on the fourth Wednesday in May. William Nelson, Cephas Carpenter, and William H. H. Mintern presented themselves for membership and were admitted. The election of officers resulted in the choice of the following: Presi- dent, D. B. Stewart; Vice-President, Eli F. Brown; Secretary, A. B. Walker; Treasurer, Joseph H. Norton; Executive Committee, Dr. E. G. Carpenter, B. F. Johnson, W. II. II. Mintern, Samuel Pickering and Cephas Carpenter. The annual meeting of 1881 was held May 25, and was the first held at the room in the new court-house. D. B. Stewart presided. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 219 The deaths were reported of Cephas Carpenter, John Ballard, Robert Henry and Judge Leonidas Jewett, members of the association, and of Edwin Corner, Ann C. Grosvenor and Sarah Dams, well- known pioneers, were announced at tins meeting. New members were received as follows: Louis C. Butler, Levi Pickering, John Cornwell and A. J. Wilmarth. The association was then photo- graphed, sitting on the steps of the court-house, by Mr. Graham, of Athens. At this meeting Mr. A. B. Walker gave up the office of Secretaiw, after serving in that capacity for twelve years and over, Mr. L. C. Butler is the present Secretary. A meeting was held Aug. 13, 1881, to discuss the subject of a "Library Monument," and it was resolved to erect a granite mon- ument at Amesville. A committee was appointed to solicit sub- scriptions for this purpose. It has since been decided not to erect any monument of stone; In lieu thereof the society in 1882 authorized the publication of a memorial pamphlet, which was prepared by Judge John Welch, and is now being circulated throughout the county. It has received many favorable notices. The Pioneer Association of Athens County has been a most useful organization, and contains many noble pioneers yet. May they live long to enjoy the annual reunions of the association. THE NEW COURT-HOUSE. Athens County has had during herexistence three court-houses, besides renting a room for the first two years of her organization. The first court-house that claimed the name was a log building, with a brick chimney. It was not, as can well be imagined, an expensive building, neither was one of that kind necessary. The county revenue was but $157.60 the first year, and the remaining eleven of its existence were not years of heavy taxation. The twelfth year was the one that inaugurated the second temple of justice and general convenience, which was in 1817 or 'IS. This last was a more expensive affair, and for the times a fair specimen of the average court-houses throughout the State. The people of the county thought so much of it that had not " Old Father Time" shook his hoary locks at it until it trembled to its very foundation, it would have undoubtedly been there to this day, notwithstanding the refinement of its surroundings and the pride of truly an esthetic people. 220 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The first proposition to build the present court-house was early in 1874, by petition to the County Court to submit the voting of a two-mill tax for four years, for the purpose of building a court- house not to exceed the cost of $60,000. This proposition was submitted to the voters of the county on April 6, 1871, being the day for the spring election. The proposition was lost by a major- ity of 2,211. The vote by townships is here given: FOR. AGAINST. Athens 383 145 Ames 6 215 Alexander 6 200 Bern 22 100 Canaan 13 126 Carthage 1 173 Dover 13 221 Lee 19 150 FOR. AGAINST Locli 8 234 Rome 21 222 Troy 44 149 Trimble 4 176 Waterloo 23 246 York 10 424 Total 573 2,784 This was such an overwhelming defeat that those who favored the project let it rest for a couple of years. The question was again brought before the people for their action at the spring elec- tion of 1876 (April 3), but was defeated by a much less majority in an increased vote of 106, the total vote in 1876 being 3,163, against 3,357 in 1871. The following is the vote again given by townships: FOR. Athens 469 Alexander 81 Ames 54 Bern 81 Canaan 120 Carthage 6 Dover 94 Lee 51 Lodi 16 While this was not very satisfactory, it was somewhat encourag- ing. The opposition had been reduced over 600 votes, while that in its favor had considerably more than doubled. Again, the friends of the enterprise rested for a couple of years, until June 1, 1878, when the proposition was carried by a vote of 1,213 in its favor, to 503 against it, the total vote being only 1,716, or a trifle less than half of the number polled two years before, hi fact, the old court-house had given such evidences of decay that the people saw a new building was demanded, and left it to its friends to do the voting. This was as follows: GAINST. FOR. AGAINST 131 .. 71 190 143 Troy .. 92 143 119 Trimble .. 51 120 38 .. 58 154 56 York . . 104 420 157 110 Total ..1,348 2,115 122 212 Majority against, 767. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 221 Y3S. NO. Athens 380 43 Alexander 50 29 Ames 72 36 Bern 24 3 Carthage 20 11 Dover 90 28 Lodi 35 29 Rome 92 12 Troy 90 15 YES. NO. Trimble 98 13 Waterloo 79 27 York 94 132 Lee 26 116 Canaan 63 9 Total 1,213 503 Majority, 410. Bids were at once advertised for, and Oct. 10, 1878, awards were made as follows: Excavating and grading, D. F. Minihan, -$315; stone-work complete, W. W. McCoy, $10,250; steam heating and plumbing. Brown & Robb, $1,230; wrought and cast-iron work, H. O'Blenness, $10,700; galvanized iron, tin and slating, H. O'Blenness; brick-work, concrete and centers, W. W. McCoy, $7,737; painting, glazing and frescoing, W. W. McCoy, $1,635; plastering and stucco work, George H. May and C. W. Mellinish, $1,396; carpenter-work, George Towsley, $5,942. The total of these awards was $14,705. There were over sixty bids. The work was at once begun, and pushed as rapidly as prudent. The corner- stone was laid without formal ceremonies May 22, 1879. In the stone is a copper box containing copies of the Cincinnati Enquirer, Commercial and Gazette^ and the Athens Messenger and Journal', a copy of $500 county court-house bond with coupons attached (on the back of the bond is printed a copy of the act under which the court-house was built); a list of the Presidents of the United States, of the Governors of Ohio, and of the present county and township officers; also the business cards of the several attorneys practicing at the Athens County bar, and cards containing the names of prom- inent citizens; checks on each of the Athens banks, greenback and State of Ohio dollar bills and specimens of our silver and copper coin. The court-house as it stands was duly completed in the summer of 1880, and was formally dedicated Sept. 10, with pleasing cere- monies. The building was brilliantly illuminated with gaslight, and the court-room, where the exercises were held, was filled to overflowing with visitors. Entertaining speeches were made dur- ing the evening by Hon. A. G. Brown, General Grosvenor, Judge Welch, Homer C. Jones, Esq.,of Mc Arthur, and others. Mr. A. B. Walker also read a very elaborate historical sketch appropriate to the occasion. The Second Regiment Band discoursed some of their finest music from the upper balcony. Athens County now possesses in this, one of the finest county 222 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. buildings in the State. It is an ornament to the county and town, and is, moreover, built on a scale of substantialness that will con- clusively prove its durability and worth. JAIL. §|The first jail of Athens County was built, during the first year of the county's existence, 1805, of logs and was about on a par with the other public buildings of that day. It soon was replaced by a new and better structure, but still not a sufficiently good one to safely confine desperate characters. The number of jail escapes in the history of Athens County is unpleasantly large. The present jail is a great improvement on former ones. It was built in the latter half of the year 1876, by Henry O'Blenness. The contract price was $9,238, but much more than this was required to fit the building for use. The jail is of cut stone, and is adjoining the court-house, in the rear of the sheriff's residence, with which it is connected by a brick office, two stories in height. It is 30 x 47 feet in size and twenty-one feet in height. It contains twelve iron cells, four feet eight inches by six feet eight inches, and seven feet in height. ATHENS COUNTY CHILDREN'S HOME. This benevolent institution is a result of the efforts of Mr. John S. Fowler, a Quaker gentleman, living in Washington County. He spent the greater part of the four years prior to 1880 in trav- eling over the county soliciting private subscriptions for the above institution. In 1880, by an act of the State Legislature, the sub- scription list, which had been raised to about $12,000, was placed in the hands of the county commissioners. Ln the same year the commissioners purchased a farm of 125 acres pleasantly situated about one mile east of Athens, lying partly in the river valley and partly on adjoining upland, at a cost of $G,600. In the following year, 1881, the farm and buildings began to be properly improved, and were made ready for occupation in the fall, the farm-house having been thoroughly remodeled and greatly enlarged so as to accommodate sixty inmates, although this number has been over- run most of the time. The subscription list was placed in the hands of the county auditor, who, up to the present time, has received about $9,500. The Home is controlled by a Board of Trustees who are chosen by the commissioners of the county. The first Board, chosen in 1881, consisted of the following men: A. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 223 Norton, John Boden and A. W. S. Minear, Mr. Norton being Secretary. The present Board contains: J. W. Johnson, of Rome Township; Charles Henry, of Athens Township; and A. W. S. Minear, of Athens. The first Superintendent and Matron were: Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Nourse who served until Jan. 1, 1883. They were followed by Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Thomas, who served three months, and were followed by the present Superintendent and Matron, Mr. and Mrs. Elza Armstrong. There have been received into the Home since it was opened, 117 children. Of this number fifteen have been found good homes in private families, while several have been taken back by their par- ents or relatives, leaving sixty-four inmates at the present time. A teacher is employed regularly by the Home, and the children are taught in a school-room fitted for that purpose on the farm. The teacher at present is Miss Ella Constable. INFIRMARY. This farm, containing 129 acres and located in Dover Township, was purchased in 1857. The farm was put in repair, and an addi- tion made to the building to accommodate 100 persons. The man- agement, both of the farm and the inmates, has been improved. The inmates have numbered as high as 175 in one year. The average for 1882 was eighty-six. The first admission was James Tinkum, May 6, 1857. The farm is now in good order and a pro- ductive one. The expenses of the Infirmary for the year 1882, being a fair average, is here given. EXPENSES, 1882. For provisions $ 2,837.50 For apparel 989.10 For improvements 452.87 For building and furniture 121.49 For miscellaneous 296.99 For lights and fuel 364.22 For wages 1,358.29 For conveyances 106.80 For physician and medicines 209.70 For interments 28.00 $ 6,764.96 Outside relief 6,029.36 Total $ 12.794.32 This shows an expense, per capita of 24 cents per day, which would seem to be about as economically as such an institution ought to be managed. 224 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. OFFICERS. The officers of the institution are composed of a Board of Direct- ors, elected by the people, a county superintendent, matron and one general farm hand. The officials for 1883 are as follows: BOARD OF DIRECTORS. F. L. Junod, President; T. J. Allison, Secretary; Charles Henry, the three composing the Board ; Superintendent, A. Martin; Matron, Mrs. A. Martin; Farm Hand, O. Berge. DEFALCATION AND FORGERIES. A. J. Reynolds was elected to the office of Sheriff of Athens County in October, 1871. He continued in office until the night of March 25, 1873, when he left for parts unknown. On examina- tion it was found he was a defaulter to the amount of between $6,000 and $7,000. It was also discovered that he had put out something between $3,000 and $4,000 of forged paper at Athens and McConnelsville. The same summer he was traced to Memphis, Tenn., and there captured by Sheriff Warren, and brought back to the scene of his rascalities. He soon after stood his trial in the Common Pleas Court, found guilty and sentenced to the penitentiary for five years and served his time. His sureties on his official bonds were Joseph Herrold and J. L. Baker, who came forward and paid the amount of the defalcation. The county there- fore did not come out a loser, but his sureties did. This was the only defalcation of note which transpired in the county, and the outcome of this was not of a character to make defalcations and forgeries popular among those who served the people in the char- acter of public servants. CHAPTER X. TOWNSHIP AND CITY OF ATHENS LINKED TOGETHER, ONE AND INSEPARABLE. Interwoven — Metes and Bounds — 1805 and 1851 to 1883 — Items — Brimstone Punishment — First Post Route — Progressing Slowly — Population and Comparison of Growth — Township Officers, 1S06 to 1883 — Trustees — Treasurers— Clerks — Justices of the Pea.ce. interwoven. Athens Township is so interwoven with the city of Athens, so blended in their history with each other, that outside of their official acts there is little to record separate. In the exhaustive history of the city here given there is little left of township history to record. Its first settlement in 1798 was at Athens City, and its growth radiated from that point, and this settlement and this growth is fully recorded in the city's history. Its metes and bounds and its official life is here given, which is all that can be said except in a general way. Athens Township is one of the two selected by Congress as a donation for a university and is six miles square, and is considered about as good a section of land as the Ohio Purchase contained. The valley of the Hocking widens as it nears the Ohio River, and much of Athens Township lies in this valley, and its arable land is rich and fertile. There are other valleys and streams, the latter flowing into the Hocking, and the former with a deep alluvial soil, which yields abundant returns for labor rendered, and these branch valleys are now filled with improved farms, well-built residences, and with an air surrounding them that tells of comfort, thrift and economy. METES AND BOUNDS. . Athens Township is six miles square with an area in acres of 23,040 on a general average, but perhaps a few hundred acres could be added by measuring both sides of some of the mo8t prominent 15 (225) 226 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. hills. She has Dover Township on the north; Canaan on the east; her twin township, Alexander, on the south, and Waterloo, on the west. Athens Township was not always of the present, if it can be so expressed, "regulation" size, but covered a somewhat extensive range of country. At its first organization it was composed of what is now known as Brown and Swan townships, of Vinton County, and "Waterloo and Canaan, of Athens County, besides its own present boundary. This gave it thirty miles east and west by six miles north and south. For some reason, perhaps on ac- count of its uneven surface, Southeastern Ohio, as laid off into counties, has been given very queer and irregular shapes, and they seem to have taken it from the forms of the townships, for a good many townships in early days could boast of an area equal to many counties of the present time. The old pioneer may have been educated in many things, bat he had little idea of form or compactness, unless it came down to purely home or domestic mat- ters. He could fill a wagon or a canoe until, like an omnibus of modern times, there was always room for more. Even township and range lines were ignored in many cases. Athens County is not so bad as some, but Hocking is thirty miles wide at its widest part, east and west, and Vinton is twenty-four miles north and south, and both out of all conceivable form or shape. However, there is nothing like being used to it, and the people of these counties live and thrive all the same. The few foregoing lines may not be altogether township history, but are facts, and a few facts now and then are not considered barred in historical writings. ITEMS. The first preaching done in the township was in 1799. The survey of the township was completed in 1795. The first settler came in 1798. The first school established in Athens Township, says Walker's History, was in 1801, and was taught by John Goldthwaite. The school-house (a log one) was situated on Joseph Higgins's place, about three miles south of Athens. Henry Bartlett taught in this house several quarters, between 1802 and 1806. Michael Higgins, now seventy-four years old, attended Esquire Bartlett's school, and relates that, on one occasion, when the scholars undertook, accord- ing to a custom then prevalent, to bar the master out on a certain day, and had made all very fast, Mr. Bartlett procured a roll of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 227 brimstone from the nearest house, climbed to the top of the school - house, and dropped the brimstone down the open chimney into the lire; then placing something over the chimney, he soon smoked the boys into an unconditional surrender. The first postoffice in the county of Athens was established at Athens in January, 1804, and the first Postmaster was Jehiel Gregory. The office was kept at his house, across the river, past of Athens, where D. B. Stewart's woolen factory is now situated. The township was organized and given its metes and bounds within the county in the year 1805. The first mill was built on the river in 1806, known as the Gregory Mill. It stood just east of the city of Athens. The Miles Bros, erected another mill in 1832 upon the same site. The Herrold Mill was built in 181 6 and 1826. Judge Pruden con- nected with it the first carding machine and cloth-dressing estab- lishment started in the township. The first ferry across the Hocking River was that of Arthur Coates, below the South bridge, and the second that ofWm. Harper's which crossed the river just west of Athens. The first was started in 1800 and the latter some later. The first important bridge built in the township is the one known as the East bridge, in 1834, the West bridge in 1836 and the South bridge in 1839. The first two were erected by Isaac Jackson, the last b} r Samuel Miller. They were toll bridges. In 1806 tavern licenses in the township were $4, but those on the road to the salt-works were charged $6. The first post route through Athens Township was opened in 1802, being the post route from Marietta via Athens, to Chillicothe. PROGRESSING SLOWLY. Athens Township, like the county, made but a gradual progress perhaps less so than any other township in the county outside the limits of the town. The growth and prosperity of the township seem to run pretty close together. The wealth showed no more rapid increase than the other. The population in 1820 was 1,114; 1830, 1,703; 1S40, 2,282. Up to this time the gain had been steady, but the next decade it seemed to stand still, even losing nearly all its natural increase. In 1850 the population had reached 2,360, only seventy -eight more than it had ten years previous. In I860 the gain was better, the number 22S HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. being 2,852, an increase of 492. Neither the actual gain nor the per cent, was quite up to the previous decade, the population of 1870 being 3,277. The population of the town of Athens that year was 1,G9G, leaving for the township 1,581. The census of 1880 gave the township and city a population of 4,517, the greatest gain in its history, both in town and township. The city increased in number from 1,696 to 2,457, or a net gain of 761, which was considerable more than the city and township had ever before gained in a decade. The township's growth wag from 1,851 to 2,060, a net gain of 479, which, up to that decade, was above the average gain of town and township for the previous five decades. The trouble with the valley of the Hocking was, that up to 1871 its only line of travel was the canal and the stage lines. This, of course, prevented its rapid settlement; then its rugged hills were passed by as of little value for a half a century. All this was a drawback. A newer country had been found less rough and broken, easier of access, with the tide of railway building setting toward it as well as immigration, so the old land was passed by and the New West became the Mecca of those who sought a change. But when the iron horse had made his way down the valley and the real wealth of the country became known, with facilities of transportation, and daily intercourse with the outside world a veritable fact, Athens Township felt the inspiration, and township and town took a for- ward start, that gave it a net gain of about thirty-eight per cent, for the last decade. Since then she has still kept up the new life and progress and prosperity are going hand in hand. The official records show but little of importance, being simply the natural business which came before them. The names of those who conducted the township business for a p3riod of nearly eighty years, are here added: TOWNSHIP OFFICERS, ATHENS TOWNSHIP. The first election for township officers in Athens Township was held at the house of John Ilavner, on the point of the hill, near where Bing's wagon shop now stands, on the first Monday in April, 1806, when the following persons were elected, viz.: Jehiel Gregory, John Lowry and William Harper, Trustees; John Hewitt, Robert Linzee, Joel Abbot, Daniel Mulford, Canada Lowry and Uriah Tippee, Supervisors; John Corey, Clerk; Chaun- cey Perkins, Treasurer; Robert Fulton, Lister; Alvan Bingham HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 22!) and Abel Mann, Overseers of the Poor; Robert Lowry, Philip M. Starr and William Biggerstaff, Constables. At succeeding elections, the following officers were chosen: TRUSTEES. 1807 Leonard Jewett, 1st s John Ilavncr, 1809 Leonard Jewett, 1810 Leonard Jewett, 1811 Silas Bingham, 1812 Jehiel Gregory, 1813 Ebenezer Currier, 1814 Robert Lirjzee, 1815 Robert Lin zee, 1810 Robert Linzee, 1817 Edmund Dorr, 1818 Edmund Dorr, 1810 Edmund Dorr, 1820 Edmund Dorr, 1821 Edmund Dorr, 1822 Edmund Dorr, 1823 Edmund Dorr, 1824 Edmund Dorr, 1825 Edmund Dorr, 182G Edmund Dorr, 1827 Sol. Goodspeed, 1828 Sol. Goodspeed, 1829 Sol. Goodspeed, 1830 Sol. Goodspeed, 1831 Sol. Goodspeed, 1832 Sol. Goodspeed, 1833 John Mintun, 1834 John Mintun, 1835 Josiah Coe, 1836 John Brown, 1837 Justus Reynolds, 1838 Justus Reynolds, 1839 Edmund Dorr, 1840 Robert McCabe, 1841 Robert McCabe, 1842 Amos Crippen, 1843 John R. McCune, 1844 John R. McCune, 1845 John Ballard, 1840 John Ballard, 1847 George Connett, 1848 George Connett, 1849 George Connett, 1850 Leonidas Jewett, 1851 O. W. Pickering, 1852 O. W. Pickering, 1853 O. W. Pickering, 1854 Peter W. Boyles, 1855 Peter W. Boyles, 1856 Thomas Davis, 1857 Thomas Davis, 1858 Thomas Davis, 1859 Thomas Davis, 1860 Thomas Davis, 1861 C. R. Sheldon, Jehiel Gregory, William Harper, Ebenezer Currier, Jacob Lindley, Hopson Beebe, Martin Mansfield, Joel Abbot, \Vm. Whitesides, Win. Harper, Win. Harper, John White, John White, John White, John White, John White, John White, John White, John White, John White, John White, Reuben J. Davis, Reuben J. Davis, Reuben J. Davis, Reuben J. Davis, Frederic Abbot, Frederic Abbot, Frederic Abbot, Frederic Abbot, Edmund Dorr, Solomon Goodspeed, John White, Jr., John Brown, John Brown, John Brown, John Brown, Norman Root, Justus Reynolds, Justus Reynolds, Henry Hay, Henry Hay, Henry Hay, Andrew Kessinger, John Brown, John Brown, John Brown, John Brown, James W. Bayard, Richard Dobson, Richard Dobson, Richard Dobson, Charles Goodspeed, Charles Goodspeed, Charles Goodspeed, Ezra Goodspeed, Ezra Goodspeed, Silas Bingham. Aaron Young. John Abbot. John Abbot. Joseph B. Miles. William Harper. Stephen Pilcher. Stephen Pilcher. Arthur Coates. Arthur ( Joates. David Pratt. Abel Mann. Abel Mann. Abel Mann. Abel Mann. Abel Mann. Abel Mann. Silas Bingham. Columbus Bierce. Josiidi Coe. Josiah Coe. Josiah Coe. Josiah Coe. Josiah Coe. Josiah Coe. Samuel Lowry. Samuel Lowry. Daniel Stewart. Daniel Stewart. Samuel B. Pruden. Ebenezer Currier. Ebenezer Currier. Daniel Stewart. Christopher Sheldon. Christopher Sheldon. Christopher Sheldon. Christopher Sheldon. Christopher Sheldon. Win. T. Dean. Win. T. Dean. Nathan Goodspeed. J. H. McCune. J. R. McCune. Joseph Morrison. Joseph Morrison. Joseph Morrison. Joseph Morrison. Joseph Morrison. L. R. Jarvis. Thomas Laughlin. Thomas Laughlin. Richard Dobson. Thomas Laughlin. Thomas Laughlin. Thomas Laughlin. 230 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1862 C. R. Sheldon, Ezra Goodspeed, Alfred Morrison. 1863 C. R. Sheldon, Jesse Davis, Je fferson Reynolds. 1864 C. R. Sheldon, Jesse Davis, A. J. Reynolds. 1865 Ezra Goodspeed, B. F. Finney, A. J. Reynolds. 1866 Ezra Goodspeed, B. F. Finney, A. J. Reynolds. 1867 Ezra Goodspeed, B. F. Finney, A. J. Reynolds. 1868 Ezra Goodspeed, Parker Carpenter, A. J. Reynolds. TREASURERS AND CLERKS SINCE 1807. TREASURERS. CLERKS. 1807 Chauncey Perkins, John Corey. 1808 Alexander Stedrnan, John Corey. 1809 Alexander Stedrnan, John Corey. 1810 Alexander Stedrnan, John Corey. 1811 Alexander Stedrnan, John Corey. 1812 Alexander Stedrnan, John Corey. 1813 Eliphaz Perkins, Nehemiah Gregory. 1814 William Weir, Alexander Proudnt. 1815 Charles Shipman, Alvan Bingoam. 1816 Charles Shipman, James Gillmore. 1817 Ebenizer Blackstone, James Gillmore. 1818 John Gillmore James Gillmore. 1819 John Gillmore, James Gillmore. 1820 John Gillmore, James Gillmore. 1821 John Gillmore. James Gillmore. 1822 John Gillmore, James Gillmore. 1823 John Gillmore, James Gillmore. 1824 James Gillmore, John Gillmore. 1825 James Gillmore, John Gillmore. 1826 James Gillmore, John Gillmore. 1827 James Gillmore, John Gillmore. 1828 James Gillmore, John Gillmore. 1829 Charles Shipman, John Gillmore. 1830 Allan V. Medbury, John Gillmore. 1831 Allan V. Medbury, David Pratt. 1832 Allan V. Medbury, David Pratt. 1833 Isaac Barker, Robert E. Constable. 1834 Isaac Barker, A. B Walker 1835 A. G. Brown, A. B. Walker. 1836 A. G. Brown, N. B. Purington. 1837 Elias Hibbard, D. W. Cunningham. 1838 Joseph H. Moore, D. W. Cunningham. 1839 Joseph H. Moore, D. W. Cunningham. 1840 Joseph H. Moore, D. W. Cunningham. 1841 Joseph H. Moore, D. W. Cunningham. 1842 Joseph H. Moore, D. W. Cunningham. 1843 Joseph H. Moore, David M. Clayton. 1844 Joseph H. Moore, David M. Clayton. 1845 E. H. Moore, David M. Clayton. 1846 Samuel Pickering, Wm. Loring Brown. 1847 Samuel Pickering, Wm. H. Bartlett. 1848 Lot L. Smith, Wm. H. bartlett. 1849 Joseph L. Kessingcr, Wm. II. Bartlett. 1850 Joseph L. Kessinger, 11. K. Blackstone. 1851 Joseph L. Kessinger, Daniel S. Dana. 1852 John 13. Paul, Daniel S. Dana, 1853 John B. Paul, Samuel S. Knowles. 1854 John B. Paul, Daniel S. Dana. 1855 V/m. P. Kessinger, Daniel S. Dana. 1856 Wm. I'. Kessinger, George H. Stewart. 1857 Wax. P. Kessinger, George H. Stewart. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 231 TREASURERS , CLERKS. 1858 Wm. P. Kessinger George H. Stew 1859 Elias Tedrow, George H. Ste? 1860 Elias Tedrow, George H. Stev Elias Tedrow resigned in December, 1860, and A. D. Brown appointed. 1861 A. D. Brown, • Norman Root, 1862 A. D. Brown, Norman Root. 1863 A. D.Brown, Norman Root. 1864 A. D. Brown, Norman Root. 1865 A. D. Brown, Norman Root. 1866 A. D. Brown, Norman Root. 1867 E. H. Moore, Norman Root. 1868 E. II. Moore, C. R. Sheldon. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 1817- 1829- 1835 1886- 1838 1842- 1844- 1847- 1848- 1850- 1851- 1852- 1853- 1855- 1856- 1858- 1859- 1861- C. R. Sheldon (Resigned July 18, 1864), May 5, 1864. Wm. A. Thomas, Oct. 14, 1864. Wm. L. Brown, Dec. 2, 1864. Norman Root (Died Sept. 21, 1867), Feb. 15, 1865. Geo. W. Baker (Resigned Sept. 1, 1868), April 6, 1867. Oscar W. Brown, Sept. 11, 1867. Hiram C. Martin (Resigned March 10, 1870), Dec. 4, 1867. Wm. A. Thomas, Sept. 9, 1868. Wm. Golden, April 9, 1870. Sumner Bartlett, Sept. 13, 1870. R. E. Constable, April 11, 1873. Wm. Golden, April 11, 1873. H. L. Baker, Aug. 21, 1874. R. E. Constable, April 5, 1876. Wm. Golden, April 5, 1876. H. L. Baker, Sept. 4, 1877. Wm. Golden, April 14, 1879. R. E. Constable, Mav 6, 1879 Wm. Golden, April 11, 1882. Ed. T. Rose, April 11, 1882. R. E. Constable, May 6, 1882. OFFICERS SINCE 1869. 1869. — Trustees, Ezra Goodspeed, A. J. Reynolds and Parker Carpenter; Clerk, W. A. Thomas; Treasurer, Thos. H. Sheldon. 1870. — Trustees, Parker Carpenter, A. J. Reynolds and Jacob Lash; Clerk, W. A. Thomas; Treasurer, Thos. II. Sheldon; Jus- tice of the Peace, Wm. Golden. 1871. — Trustees, Jacob Lash, H. L. Baker and Josephus Tucker; Clerk, W. A. Thomas; Treasurer, T. II. Sheldon. 1872. — Trustees, Jacob Lash, H. L. Baker and Parker Carpenter; Clerk, Josiah B. Allen; Treasurer, T. II. Sheldon; Justices of the Peace, W. A. Thomas, Sumner Bartlett. 1873. — Trustees, A. Morrison, Judiah Higgins and II. L. Baker; Clerk, J. B. Allen; Treasurer, T. II . Sheldon; Justices of the Peace, Wm. Golden and R. A. Constable. 1814— John L. Lewis, Abel Miller, Henry Bartlett. -Henry Bartlett, Stephen Pilcher. -Reuben J. Davis, A. G. Brown. -A. G. Brown. -Henry Bartlett. -Abram Van Vorhes. -Henry Bartlett. -Norman Root. -A. G. Brown. -Sumner Bartlett. -H. K. Blackstoue, Enoch Cabeen. -Daniel S. Dana. -Norman Root. -Daniel S. Dana, Jacob T. Stanley. -Oscar W. Brown. -Norman Root, Doloro Culley. (Resigned Nov. 10, 1858.) -William Golden, Wm. Loring Brown. -Norman Root. -William Golden, Wm. Loring Brown. 1862— Norman Root. 232 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1874. — Trustees, A. Morrison, Judiah Higgins and Joseph Dorr; Clerk, J. B. Allen; Treasurer, T. H. Sheldon. 1875. — Trustees, A. Morrison, Judiah Higgins and Joseph Dorr; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, T. H. Sheldon. 1876. — Trustees, Augustus Norton, James H. Irwin and A. Morrison; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, T. H. Sheldon; Jus- tices of the Peace, Wm, Golden and R. A. Constable. 1877. — Trustees, same as above; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, T. H. Sheldon. 1878. — Trustees, A. Norton, C. W. Goodspeed and John Cuck- ler; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, Judiah Higgins. 1879. — Trustees, C. W. Goodspeed, Josephns Tucker and J. K. Cuckler; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, Judiah Higgins; Jus- tices of the Peace, Wm. Golden and W. H. H. Mintun. 1880. — Trustees, C. W. Goodspeed, J. K. Cuckler and Joseph Dorr; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, D. H. Moore, Jr. 1881. — Trustees, same as above; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, D. H. Moore. 1882. — Trustees, C. W. Goodspeed, Joseph Dorr and Parker Carpenter; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, D. H. Moore; Justices of the Peace, Wm. Golden, R. A. Constable and Ed. T. Rose. 1883. — Trustees, C. W. Goodspeed, P. Carpenter and A. H. Simms; Clerk, Alex. Ewing; Treasurer, D. H. Moore. d ti.^'Vr?"' ^ 1 ' =' CHAPTER XL THE CITY OF ATHENS— THE HOME OF CULTURE, REFINEMENT AND INTELLIGENCE. What She Was and Is — Advance of Civilization — Footsteps of the Old Pioneer — When Settled and hy Whom — Act for the Laying Out the Town of Athens, 1799 — Inception and Growth — Condensed History — Comparison not Needed — Sale of Lots and Purchasers— Incorporation — Growth — Schools — Churches — Cemeteries — Bible Society — Lodges — The Press of Athens — With Biographical Notes. what she was and is. The City of Athens is situated in the beautiful valley of what in olden times was called the " Great Hockhoclung. " Placed upon its hundred hills in this magnificent valley, it was a pioneer settlement in Southeastern Ohio, and the second in the territory now known as the State of Ohio. Standing upon a high bluff, the scenery is one of beauty, and the Athenians can not only be proud of its sur- roundings, and its early or pioneer existence, but also because it has arisen from the wilderness a veritable rose blooming, and fra- grant with beautiful life, a seat of learning, and the record of a noble generation of men, who have made a glorious name in the annals of State history. Her pioneers were men of education, men who stood in the front rank of culture, and intelligence in the Puritan States, and whose children and children's children have proven themselves worthy sons of noble sires. Such were the founders of the proud and beautiful city of Athens. Cultured, re- fined and hospitable, it was no wonder that she drew to her other noble men of those early davs, and that she has since become fa- mous throughout the State for the true nobility of her people, the beauty of her surroundings, her culture and refinement, and the unostentatious generosity of her sons and daughters. (233) 234 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. THE ADVANCE OF CIVILIZATION. The hunter first trod the site of the ( city of Athens, and within her limits the buffalo, the bear, the deer and wild turkey, gave up their lives, but they soon left for more quiet fields, and, like the red men, gave way before the steady march of civili- zation, the ring of the woodman's ax and, last, but not least, before the unerring rifle of the pale-face. Scarcely can there be found within the broad limits of our magnificent commonwealth a more beautiful site for a city than this of Athens. Lying upon the banks of the murky Hocking, with an extended view of the valley, which is everywhere recognized not only for its beauty, but for the rich- ness of its deep alluvial soil, the great fertility of which after nearly a century of cultivation has not failed or allowed its re- sources to diminish; surrounded by valleys and hills, and looking out upon a broad expanse of well-cultivated fields, guided by intel- ligent labor, she invites to her those natures who wish to rise to a higher plane, those who wish to retire from the vortex of business strife to give their minds and talents to those researches which de- velop man's best nature and brings forth his greatest intellectual force and endeavor. So the Athens of to-day is the seat of culture, education and refinement, and her future is but brightened by the noble record of her past. FOOTSTEPS OF THE PIONEER. Following the footsteps of the hunter the old pioneer was not long in finding this favored spot, and still less time in deciding that it would be his present and future home. In 1797 the first perma- nent white settler located in this county, and in 1798 the first one built his cabin on the site of the city of Athens. Of course the country was a wilderness, an unbroken forest; and it was the wood- man's ax, while clearing the land, that marked the era of civiliza- tion, and of progress which time has not diminished. It was early in the year 1798 that Athens was first inhabited and the first Indian corn waved its grim foliage to the breeze, the proof of man's labor and the date when progress should henceforth rule the country and become the light which was to shed its rays upon a 'people pros- perous, peaceful and happy. Quite a number settled in and around the site of the city, and there were, perhaps, a score of families within the radius of a few miles before the new year of 1799 entered upon its diurnal course. Of course not all of these HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 235 settled upon the immediate site of the city of Athens. Walker's History gives the number of only six families who resided within the present city limits, but this was an error of nearly one half, or in other words, there were twelve to fifteen families located here. That Gillespe killed the buffalo is probably true; that deer and wild turkeys were killed on the site is also true; but when this land was surveyed and platted for a town or city, it was known to the settlers who came here as under the auspices of the Ohio Company. The college grounds were located in 1796, the sur- vey having been commenced the previous year, or in 1795. Two settlements started almost together — Atnesville and Athens — and around these two points the pioneers located first; and as immi- grants continued to arrive they spread over a greater extent of country. A company came in 1799, more than half of whom set- tled at Athens or immediately around the present site of the city — none on the hills, but all in the valley. "At this time, December, 1800, there were not more than five or six cabins on the town plat. Mr. Earhart lived on the brow of the hill where Bing's carriage shop is situated. Othniel Tuttle had a cabin on the southwest corner of the old graveyard. Dr. Perkins bought this cabin, moved it down the road and added it to his own-near where Dr. E. G. Carpenter now lives. Solomon Tut- tle lived on 'the corner of the Atkinson lot opposite the Currier homestead. Christian Stevens had a cabin just back of the col- lege green, and a man by the name of Brakefield lived twenty or thirty rods east of the southeast corner of the green. Alvan Bingham, known by older citizens as "Old Judge Bingham," lived half a mile northeast of where our Auditor, A. W. S.Minear, now resides. During the next four or five years, though increasing but slowly it received the addition of numbers of valuable citizens. " The first school-house on the town plat was a small brick build- ing, which stood on the site now occupied by the city hall. It was built in 1S0G. David Pratt taught here several years. Some of those who succeeded him in giving shape to the growing thought of the present and preceding generations are Mrs. Sarah Foster, Miss Sallie Jewettj Rev. James McAboy, Prof. Andrews, Rev. Joseph Marvin, Dr. Charles Townsend, Samuel Marsh, Rev. J. M. Ste- venson, Miss Haft and others." The act of laying off the town of Athens was passed and approved by General Arthur St. Clair, Dec. 18, 1799, a little less than two years from the time the first cabin was erected. This act reads as follows: 236 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Whereas, In the county of Washington, within this territory, the townships Nos. 8 and 9, in the 14th range have been ap- propriated and set apart for the purpose of endowing a uni- versity; and whereas, the application of the same to the purpose aforesaid has been entrusted to the Legislature of this Territory; therefore, to enable the said Legislature the better to determine the situation whereon to establish the said university: Be it resolved by the Legislative Council and House of Repre- sentatives in General Assembly, That Rufus Putnam, Benjamin Ives Gilman and Jonathan Stone, Esquires, be requested to lay off, in the most suitable place within the townships aforesaid, a town plat which shall contain a square for the college, also lots suitable for house lots and gardens, for a president, professors, tutors, etc., bordering on or encircled by spacious commons, and such a num- ber of town lots adjoining the said commons and out-lots as they shall think will be for the advantage of the university, who are to make a' return of the said town plat and lots, describing their situ- ation within the said townships, to the Legislature at their next session, and shall receive such compensation for their services as the Legislature shall and may direct and allow. EDWARD TIFFIN, Speaker of the House of Representatives. H. VANDERBURGH, President of the Council' On receiving a copy of this act of the Territorial Assembly, the gentlemen named therein took steps to carry out its provision, and did so, being ready to report at the next session of the Territorial legislation. That body, on receiving the report, passed the follow- ing act entitled, An act confirming the establishment of the town of Athens in the County of Washington. Whereas, By a resolution of the Legislature of this Territory, of the 18th day of December, 1799, Rufus Putnam, Benjamin Ives Gilman and Jonathan Stone, Esquires, were requested to lay off a town in the most convenient place within the townships numbered 8 and 9, in the 14th range of townships as set apart by the agents and directors of the Ohio Company, for the uses and purposes of a university, which should be so laid off as to contain a square for colleges, and lots suitable for house-lots and gardens for a resi- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 237 dent, professors and tutors, with out-lots and commons. And, whereas, the said Putnam, Oilman and Stone, in conformity to the said resolution, have laid off the said town within the ninth, tenth and fifteenth, sixteenth and twenty-second sections of the aforesaid ninth township, and have returned a plat of the same; therefore, to establish and confirm the same: Section 1. Beit enacted by the Legislative Council and House of Representatives in General Assembly, And it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, that the return and report of the said Putnam, Gilman and Stone be accepted and approved, and that the said town shall be confirmed and established by the name of the town of Athens; Provided, That the trustees of the university therein to be established shall have power to alter the plan of said town, by extending the house lots into the commons or out-lots which adjoin the town, or by altering the streets, when, on actual survey, they may find it necessary or convenient; Provided also, That such alterations be made and a plat of the town, out-lots on commons, with a designation of the uses of the commons, be re- corded in the office of the recorder of the proper county, prior to the offering to lease any of said lots. Sec 2. And be it further enacted; That the house-lots num- bers 55 and 56 in the said town of Athens, or some other two lots therein, equally as well situated, to be designated and set apart by the trustees of said university when appointed, shall be reserved for the accommodation of public buildings that may be necessary to be erected for the use of said town and the county in which it may be situated; which two lots, when agreed upon by said trus- tees, shall be particularly noted on the plat of said town and vested in the county to and for the uses designed thereby. Edward Tiffin, Speaker House of Representatives. Approved, Dec. 6, 1800. .Robert Oliver, Arthur St. Clair, President of the Council. Governor. When the last act of the Territorial Legislature was passed, Athens could well boast of from fifteen to twenty families, and in- stead of Cincinnati being a town on paper at that time, or credited with 750 inhabitants, it had more thousands than hundreds above given, the cause being that it was the western and southern out- post of the Northwest Territory at that time. Athens County, 238 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. while being probably settled first, was only because it was nearer the eastern border; but while some stopped here, others followed the river, and Cincinnati did not lag far behind. It was from that point that Mad Anthony Wayne made the first successful campaign against the Indians, after Generals Harmar and St. Clair both had met with overwhelming defeat and disaster. General Harmar was defeated in September, 1790; St. Clair in November, 1791, and General Anthony Wayne commenced the formation of his army, at Cincinnati, in April, 1793, but did not move against the Indians until the following year. 1794. His celebrated battle was fought Aug. 20 of that year, and peace was declared in 1795. So an army of 3,500 men left Cincinnati in July, 1794. This would show that Walker had made a very great mistake in putting the popula- tion of Cincinnati in the year 1800 at 750 when in fact the census of that year gave the county of Hamilton 14,fi92, and the city of Cincinnati held most of it. Ten years later Athens County had a population of 2,791. It has been thought best to correct this statement here, as the history above mentioned is much quoted, and its errors of figures resulted probably from a want of correct statistics at hand. In making the above correction, however, in regard to the popula- tion of Cincinnati, it is done only for the purpose of conforming to known history and to the census of that year. INCEPTION AND GROWTH. The following early history of Athens is condensed from an ad- dress by Mr. A. B. Walker, delivered in June, 1875, on the occa- sion of the opening of the new city hall. It contains facts which can not be gathered from any other source, and will be found of particular interest in this connection. The portions taken are mainly such as pertain alone to the town of Athens. At the public opening of the new city hall in Athens, June 8, 1875, Mr. A. B. Walker, an aged and respected citizen of the place, delivered the following address, a familiar historic narrative sketch of the town of Athens : "The occasion which we celebrate is peculiarly fitted to direct our minds and lead our thoughts to reminiscences bearing upon the history and growth of our town. The first opening of a new city hall is an event of sufficient moment to arouse the municipal consciousness and reanimate the local patriotism which must be- long to all who have common interests and common surroundings. HI8T0BT OB HOCKING VAL/J-.V. 230 " Each achievement, like the present, is a milestone that marks our progress ; every such occasion place.-; as on a height where we can glance buck on the path already traversed. "Since the shades of the native forest fell on this spot a mo- mentous and salutary change has taken place in the physical, in- tellectual and social condition of this people. " The material resources requisite to produce a public hall at a of perhaps $30,000, and the felt need of a place of public enter- tainment convenient of access, are matters of the highest commen- dation, and such a.-, may well lead to an inquiry into the sources of our corporate life. Let us therefore examine in brief some of the causes that have operated in producing Athens. " On the evening of the 6th of April, A. D. 1788, while a heavy mist, hung over the river, a little flotilla of one large boat, •me flat-boat and three canoes dropped quietly down the beautiful Ohio, and lodged on a point at the mouth of the -Muskingum. It was a winged seed, which contained the germ of the subsequent civilization of this broad State. " Of the four natural divisions of Ohio, — the lake country, the Miami country, the Scioto country and the Muskingum country, the Ohio Company wisely fas time has proved) decided in favor of the Muskingum country, which gave to our section of the State priority of occupation. The letters patent granted by Congress gave them about 1,000,000 acres, lying within the limits of Washington County. Indeed, at that time, the ambitious bounda- ries of Washington County readied out to the headwaters of the Big Miami, and encircled the present sites of Portsmouth, Cleve- land and Columbus. " The auspicious location of our town is more than evinced when we consider it in its wider geographical connections. The Scioto and the Muskingum form a parallelogram which, lying north and south, or nearly so, is bisected diagonally by the Ilockhock- ing River, having its source near Columbus, on the Scioto, ninety miles above the mouth of the latter, and emptying into the Ohio only a few miles below the mouth of the Muskingum- Now the Ilockhocking, with its tributaries, contains the great mining field of Ohio, and Athens County enjoys the happy distinc- tion of occupying thepreferred portion of this charming valley, while the town of Athens is the central point in the valley, as it is the mid- dle point between Parkersburg and Marietta on the east, and Chilli- cothe on the west. 240 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. " Every access by the ,river and that general fertility and pic- turesqueness which invited first the occupation of water-courses, may have fixed this bluff and the adjacent bottoms as an eligible site for a settlement. The haste to found the college would prompt to a selection of the most accessible place, which at the same time should be sufficiently interior. Thus it appears that the college and town were mutually parent and child to each other; for while the growing village was intended to become a source of revenue and nourishment to its infant charge, the university, on the other hand, became a leading and efficient cause in hastening the incep- tion of a corporate town, in giving it a local habitation so desirable, and a name linking it with the choicest associations of literature and learning in the distant past. " The county of Athens was first settled in 1797, but was not regu- larly erected into a separate county by legislative enactment until the year 1805 — eight years after its first settlement. It is singular however, in being the second county in Ohio, as the town of Athens is the second town in the State. Upon the latter fact we may be pardoned in indulging a natural pride, since antiquity is no slight element in the historic estimate of a place." The town of Athens was incorporated by the following act : " 'An act to incorporate the town of Athens, and for other purposes. ui Jcm. 28, 1811.— Sec 2. That the trustees of the Ohio University are hereby authorized and directed to lease to the com- missioners of the county of Athens for the time being, in-lots numbers 35 and 37, on which the court-house and jail now stand, and also in-lot number 18 reserved for the purpose o building a school-house and meeting-house, on a nominal rent for ninety-nine years, renewable forever; also, to lease on the terms aforesaid, the ground reserved for a burying ground. "'This act to be in force from and after the passage thereof.' " About the year 1820 a company for that purpose bored a well for salt water on Sunday Creek, to a considerable depth, but aban- doned the undertaking. Ten or twelve years after other parties resumed the boring and soon struck a vein of good salt water. This was the first successful salt-well t bored in the Hocking Valley. The manufacture of salt in this valley soon became a prosperous business, imparting of its advantages to all the surrounding inter- ests of the county. To provide for its export with other surplus productions, two channels of traffic were opened, which, though HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 241 now in disuse, bore quite a prominent part in the early commercial history of our town. "Athens, with its surplus pork, flour, wheat and other agricultu- ral productions, and now engaged in the very considerable manu- facture of salt, must not only make use of the Hockhocking River, as it offered the advantages of descending navigation during the spring and autumnal freshets, for the passage of large flat-boats loaded and intended for the Southern markets, but to facilitate the transit of salt to the interior and central part of the State a canal down the Hocking Valley to Athens, for the double purpose oi transporting both the salt and the coal to the interior of the State. was justly deemed indispensable to all the interests of the valley. For the timely construction of the Hocking canal, we are largely indebted to our late townsman. Hon. Calvary Morris. It was through his indefatigable endeavors that the canal was chartered and pushed vigorously to completion in the face of the most stub- born opposition of the commissioner and a majority of both Houses ' of the Legislature. A public dinner was tendered to Judge Mor- ris on his return, as a token of the high estimation in which his services were held. The canal opening up the valley to the north was an outlet toward the middle portion of the State and the W ern markets generally. "The middle section of this town's history presents fewer salient points to the eye, but we may say in general that the several cai that operated in giving the place early notoriety, were still active in controlling its subsequent advancement. Athens, in its type, is a pioneer town, and is well built for one of its class. Its central position in the thickly settled Southern part of Ohio; the growth of a thrifty, agricultural and stock-raising county of which it is the natural focus and constituted seat of justice; the seminal princi- ples of a rugged virtue and industry unconsciously engrafted upon it by its founders; the intellectual and moral atmosphere diffused by its schools, courts, churches and university; its handsome situa- tion and picturesque surroundings; all these have ever made Ath- ens an attractive place of residence. "Few towns have retained such a hold upon their people as is evinced by the large number of old inhabitants in proportion to the population. This circumstance coming into notice has given rise to the proverb that ' Xo one can permanently remove from Athens who has once tasted the waters of the Hockhocking.' " Situated in one of the two college townships, Athens may well 10 242 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. regard herself as a natural custodian of the college allotment or endowment lands; rejoicing in its elevation; guarding with jealous interest against any encroachments tending to abridge its power, and doing as much as may be to aid its future advancement. " It is gratifying to be able to say concerning the town that its old age, which entitles it to some degree of veneration, appears to bring with it no indications of decrepitude. For all purposes 01 internal improvement and energetic action in securing advantages of a public nature from without, Athenian enterprise has suffered no abatement. The exterior dress of the town is proof enough of this. Its recently improved streets, both in grades and pave- ments; its multiplied shade-trees; its gaslights; its beautiful new cemetery, and more particularly its asylum for the insane, are all features that at once strike the eye of a stranger, producing a decidedly favorable impression; and last, but not least, we make mention of our railroads and telegraphic communications of the most important character; all not only combine to reflect the high- est credit upon the action and enterprise which secured them, but are also encouraging as harbingers of an era that may one day, in the. early development of this valley, make Athens one of the noticeable and important railroad centers of Ohio." COMPARISON NOT NEEDED. Athens needs no comparison with other points, nor is she en- vious of their growth and prosperity. Comparisons are said to be odious, and this is so in this case, for it is entirely unnecessary- Athens is not, cannot be, and would not be a commerical empo- rium if she could. If so, she would not be Athens; and the fact that she is Athens, is her pride and boast. Anything else would be her destruction. She represents a seat of learning the oldest in the State, and she herself is really an enlarged edition of the famed college. She is the home of all that goes to make an intel- lectual paradise on earth. Refined, cultured, generous and hospit- able, situated in one of the most beautiful valleys in the State, nature and art have combined to make her, what comparison would but lower. The first tavern, built of logs, was kept by Win. Mc- Nichol, nearly opposite to where the old Abbott House stood. Win. Dorr built a store. Dr. Perkins's cabin was on what is now State Street, and that of Dr. Leonard Jewett was on College street. The town seemed to take on new life after it was incor- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 243 porated, and attracted considerable attention at that time from the outside world. Game was abundant all through the country, and Athens became somewhat of a trading point, dealing in the furs brought in and also in wild meats, for it furnished most that the inhabitants used at that time. Hogs and cattle were scarce, and i'ow would kill them for meat. Athens was not experiencing an y very rapid progress, but it was steady. The first circuit preachers appear to have been Rev. Jno. Meek and Rev. James Quinn, who were appointed to the Hocking Circuit in 1804. The Rev. Joseph Williagis was on the circuit the following year. The trustees in charge of the town passed an or- dinance for the sale of lots to take place Nov. 5, 1804. It was their desire that Athens should become the county-seat of the new county which was shortly to be organized, and was organized the following year, 1805. The town was at once surveyed, laid off and platted, in readiness for the above sale, and rules prescribed for the purchase and payment of lots. The sale came off on the above date, and in Walker's History is the following account of the sale. THE FIRST SALE. NO. OF LOT. PURCHASER. PRICE. POUCH USER'S RESIDENCE. 1 4 Wm. Mc Nicho! 46.00 40.50 27.00 62.00 51 00 61 00 25.00 30.00 101.00 59 00 27.00 20.00 20.00 30.00 17.00 14.00 13.00 42.00 22.00 10.00 ■ 30.00 23.00 30.00 101.00 65.00 42.00 Athens. Salt Works- 7 Silas Bingham 10 13 16 19 23 Wm. McNichoI Middletown. Salt Works 26 28 29 Rufus Putnam Athens. 32 John Simonton 36 John Johnson Wheeling. 40 Rufus Putnam 43 46 Henry Bnrtlett 49 52 Daniel Mulford it CI 55 Jehiel Gregory u 59 63 65 68 Timothy N. Wilkins Wm. McNichoI C( K Marietta. Salt Works. 71 73 C( u 74 Wm. Dorr Middletown. 77 Wm. McNichoI | Salt Works. 244 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. This was thought to have been a very fair sale, and the prices were satisfactory to the trustees. The town took a start after this sale, and Athens's future seemed to be assured. Steady growth in town and country for a little over two years resulted in another sale of lots, which came off Nov. 25, 1806, and while not realizing so hio-h an average, was considered a profitable one, from the fact that the lots were not so eligibly situated as those of the first sale. The prices and names of purchasers will be found below: SECOND SALE OF LOTS. NO. OF LOT. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 12 11 29 33 14 16 IT) 17 re 20 24 PURCHASER. Joel Abbot $72.00 40.50 Ebenezer Currier 36.50 Wm. Skinner 15.00 Silvanus Ames 15.00 Leonard Jewett 15.00 15.00 ' " 13.00 John Walker 12.50 26 00 Win. Skinner 7.50 16.00 " 35.00 Silvanus Ames 35.00 15.00 Wm. Dorr 18.00 Ebenezer Currier 52.00 Moses Hewitt 35.00 40.00 11.00 NO. OP LOT. 36 48 21 22 23 25 34 27 30 32 31 43 38 39 41 40 42 44 47 45 PURCHASER. PRICE. Moses Hewitt 18.00 6.00 Silas Bingham 15.00 22.00 Rufus Putnam 10.00 16.00 " 26.00 Saml. Luckey 14.00 James Buell. . , 15.00 11.00 Benajah Seaman 20.00 12.00 David Bovles 17.00 Timothv Wilkins 14.00 17.00 Dudley Woodbridge. . . . 11.00 .... 10.00 Jehitl Gregory 6.00 6.00 Henry Bartlett 6 00 INCORPORATION AND GROWTH. An act for the incorporation of the town of Athens was passed by the Legislature Jan. 28, 1811, and the act covered what was known as the town plat, as recorded in the recorder's office of the county of Washington. It was given the name of the " Town of Athens," with all the rights and privileges accorded corporate bodies, and provided for annual township elections. At that time Athens had, probably, a population of about 200 inhabitants, and her growth from that time up to the opening ot the Civil War was slow, reaching in the neighborhood of from 1,250 to 1,300 in pop- ulation. The decade between 1860 and 1870 was a marked era of dullness, and Athens made but little progress, either in population or material progress. The year 1870, however, found her recover- ing from the prostration of preceding years and she commenced that decade with a population of 1,696. Undoubtedly this recov- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 245 erv from her former listless activity resulted from the fact that in 1867 she had secured to her site the Southern Lunatic Asylum. The struggle to secure this aroused all the dormant energies of her people, and, although the good effects of this important element to her growth was not at first felt, yet by the opening of the decade between 1870 and 1880, its great benefit began to leave its mark on the daily progress of her business life. The prize was won and the citizens showed of what stuff they were made by promptly purchasing, adjoining the city, 150 acres of land, known as the Coates farm, commanding a most beautiful view of the valley of Hocking, and lying upon an elevation, which gives of itselt and the magnificent buildings which adorn its crest, as pleasant a scene as man's eye need rest upon. The blue of heaven, the lofty hills lying in the background, and God's earth surrounding it with a carpet of green, make it one of the most attractive ot sights; and if insanity cannot be cured, it has in this instance a home where Nature in her most glorious garb, blended with art, has done her best for the comfort and happiness of the afflicted ones. From 1870 to 1880 the city of Athens made somewhat more rapid strides toward metropolitan greatness, her population in- creasing during that decade nearly fifty per cent., the census giving her 2,457. The improvements made were also of a more substan- tial nature, and few cities of the State of her size can boast ot finer brick blocks, a growth more stable, handsomer residences, or more beautiful lawns an i pleasant surroundings than the city of Athens. SCHOOLS. The Union system of schools was adopted in Athens in the year 1850. At a meeting of citizens held Jan. 12 of that year, at which S. Miller acted as Chairman and F. F. Baker as Secretary, the fol- lowing Board of Directors was chosen: L. Jewett and O. W. Pickering, three years; E. H. Moore and William Walker, two years; E. P. Talpey and William Golden, one year. This board chose L. Jewett as President and E. II. Moore as Secretary. Salaries of teachers in those days were surprisingly low. We find from the records that in 1853 C. Grant received $450 for his services one year; Miss Rice, $5.50 per week; Miss Gould, $5.0) per week; D. S. Dana, §8.30 per week; Misses Sanderson and Beaton, $4.00 per week, each. Several different buildings were used for the schools before the 246 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. present fine building was erected. Among the many eligible sites offered for school purposes, the board finally decided to accept the Frost lot, consisting of in-lots 132, 130, 150 and 151. Sept. 17, 1853, $8,000 were voted for a school building, to be raised in four annual levies of $2,000 each, and afterward $4,000 more were voted. Various sums have since been appropriated for the improvement of grounds, and other purposes, $2,000 having been spent in the last ten years. The property is now valued at about $30,000. The building was first used in 1858. The first Superintendent of the Athens schools was Cyrus Grant, chosen Dec. 23, 1853. He served till Oct. 15, 1S55, a period of one year and ten months, at $450 per year. He was succeeded b} T John II. Pratt, who served five months, until March 22, 1856. J. K. Mower was then chosen Superintendent, holding the position two years and eight months. He was followed by J. H. Pratt, for three months. The next to hold the office was J. H. Doan, for two years and five months, resigning Aug. 9, 1861. M. M. Travers then served one year, and after him for one year and a half the Superintendent was W. H. Scott, now President of Ohio Uni- versity. C. A. Barker was chosen Feb. 6, 1864, and served two years and five months. July 16, 1866, the present Superintendent, J. M. Goodspeed, was elected. His salary was at first $600, but has been variously increased, and is now $1,200. The present corps of instructors includes J. M. Goodspeed, Superintendent; Miss Kate Boyd, High School; Miss Emma Dana, Mrs. Stalder, Ella White, Clara "Weilier, Lizzie Cochran, Ollie "Wilson, Sallie Kessinger, Fronie Foster and Ella Pickering. The present Board of Directors are Judiah Higgins, President; J. M. Wood, II. M. Lash, E. B. Clarke, E. J. Jones and A. B. Frame. Superintendent Goodspeed is Clerk of the Board. The course of study comprises five years in the Primary School, four years in the Grammar School an 1 three years in the High School. The High School course is an English course, none of the languages being prescribed as studies. Students may, however, elect to pursue Latin for two years. The roll of graduates comprises 109. CHURCHES <)F ATHENS. Presbyterian. — The First Presbyterian Society of Athens was organized in the autumn of 1809, by the Rev. Jacob Lindley. The original members of the organization were but nine in number, viz.: HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 247 Joshua Wvatt and wife, Josiah Cos, Arthur Coates, Dr. Elipliaz Per- kins, Alvan Bingham. Mrs: Sally Foster and the Rev. Jacob Lind- ley and wife. Public service was held for a time in the little brick school-house which stood just east of the present site of the Presbyterian church, and afterward in the court-house until the year 1828, when the present brick church was built. In 1815 the church numbered forty-seven members, and a revival that year added forty-three. In the year 1820 there were fifty-six added to the church, and the whole number of church members at that time was 177. Articles of association were drawn, written in the hand of Joseph B. Miles, and adopted by the society in the early days of its exist- ence. Tnough anions the earliest religious societies organized in the © ~ Cj CD State, this church was not incorporated till 1828. The act, passed Feb. 7 of that year, names as the incorporators: Columbus Bierce, Isaac Taylor, Joseph B. Miles. Charles Shipman, Francis Beardsley, Samuel Miller, Eben Foster, John Perkins, Hull Foster, John Gillmore, and Cephas Carpenter, and Messrs. Miles, Bierce, Taylor, B'eardsley and Carpenter were constituted Trustees of the church, to act as such till the first annual meeting. The Rev. Jacob Lindley acted as Moderator of the session and Pastor, until about 1828, since when eighteen ministers have served the church either as stated supply or as Pastors. The entire list in the order of time is as follows: Rev. Jacob Lindley, contemporary; Rev. Samuel Davies Hoge, contemporary: Rev. Robert G. Wilson. Rev. John Spaulding (now of New York City), Rev. William Burton, Rev. Timothy Stearns. Rev.K B. Purington, Rev. Wm. II. McGnffey, Rev. Wells An- drews, Rev. Aaron Williams. Rev. Moses A. Hoge, Rev. Addison Ballard, Rev. Alfred Ryors, Rev. S. Dieffendorf, Rev. John H. Pratt, Rev. James F. Ilolcomb. Rev. Ernst W. Schwefel, Rev. J. M. Nourse. and Rev. Isaac W. Montfort. Rev. John H. Pratt began his labors here in 1854, laboring one year as " stated supply."' after which he received a call as Pastor. During the period of his pastorate (fourteen years), 200 mem- bers were added to the church. The deaths and removals of members during the same period were, however, numerous — the latter especially so — so that the present active membership is only about 17". 248 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Some years since, the church was rebuilt and a lecture-room added. The old-fashioned lofty pulpit has given place to a modern platform. In those days the pulpit being in the front end of the church, the congregation faced about on taking their seats. The church is prospering, and a Sunday-school is connected which is doing effective service in its sphere. The Methodist Episcopal Church — Is the pioneer religious organization of Athens, and indeed of the whole Hocking Yalley. The Methodists have had a society here from the year 1800, when a Rev. Mr. Quinn made a missionary tour up the Hocking Valley and preached in Athens, and during the early as well as later years of their church history here, have numbered among their preachers some very able, earnest and useful men. In 1805 Rev. Jacob Young preached on this circuit; Rev. George C. Light preached here about the same time. In 1806 Peter Cartwright, who afterward became celebrated in the church, visited Athens and Alexander townships, preaching and forming societies. About 1815 Rev. Thos. Morris (afterward Bishop Morris) was on this circuit and preached statedly at Athens. Among the early Meth odist preachers here were Rev. Cornelius Springer, Rev. Daniel Limerick, Rev. Curtis Goddard, Rev. Abraham Lippett, Rev. John Ferree, Rev.* Abraham Baker, Rev. Henry S. Fernandez, Rev. Absalom Fox, Rev. Asa Stroud and Rev. Robert O. Spen- cer, some of them being on the Muskingum and some on the Ath- ens circuit. For the first few years the Methodists held their meetings at dif- ferent houses, but in 1S12 or 1813 they built a brick church, now owned by Henry Wright. In 1825 they erected a brick parsonage adjoining. The church building, having been used as such nearly thirty years, fell into decay and was then used for some years as a foundry; it has now disappeared. The parsonage forms a part of Mr. Wright's present house. The present Methodist church was built in 1837 and thoroughly remodeled in 1861. Other impor- tant improvements have ,been made at short intervals up to the present time, one of the most important being the addition of a fine lecture-room in tke'rear of the main building in 1875. The present parsonage, situated on College street, was built in 1S76. It is to be regretted that the records of this old and useful church society have not been better preserved. The Pastors since the war have been: Rev. Ansel Brooks, appointed in 1865; Rev. J. M. Jamison, 1867; Rev. J. II. Creighton, 1869; Rev. E. II. Heagler, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 249 1870; Eev. W. T. Harvey, IS 73; Rev. O. J. Nave, IS 75; Rev. J. W. Peters, 1876; Rev. J. M. Weir, 1S77; Rev. M. Y. B. Evans, 1879; Rev. S. D. Hutsinpillar, 1881. The church is now in a state of gratifying prosperity. A Sabbath-school is kept up by the church society throughout the year. It is well attended and is very prosperous. The superintendency has changed hands several times in the last few years, Mr. D. L. Sleeper holding the position at present. Catholic Church. — The St. Paul's Catholic Church of Athens was organized about the year 1846. No regular service was held for a while, but irregular meetings were held in the court-house. The first regular service was conducted by Father John Albrick, of Pomeroy, who came over once a month. Father Albrick was succeeded by Father McGee, a Dominican from Somerset, Ohio. Father Gells, from Pomeroy, succeeded him, and he in time was succeeded by Father Tenerie, from Vinton County. During all these changes the church was growing stronger, both in number and influence, and if not rapid was sure. It was during Father Ten- erie's administration that the timber for a church building was gotten out. This was in the year 1861. During the service of Fathers Madzell and Curtzen the church was completed and ready for occupancy in 1863. Since then services have been held by the Reverend Fathers in the order named, viz. : Fathers O'Reily, Slavens, Campbell, Hartnedy, T. J. Lane and John Madden. The church is attached to the diocese of Columbus, Ohio, and has at this time a membership of 300. It is progressive and pros- pering. Colored Churches. — The colored citizens of Athens have two church organizations of the denominations of Methodist and Bap- tist. They also have two church buildings, one a brick church belonging to the Methodist congregation and the other a frame, that of the Baptist. The churches are fairly supported and in a fair condition, though some money is yet due upon their buildings. CEMETERIES. For considerably more than half a century, says Walker's His- tory, after Athens was settled, the dead were buried in the old graveyard northwest of town, which was set apart for that use by the trustees of the university in 1806. The place never was orna- mented to any extent, and for many years only a few forest trees 250 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. have given it their grateful shade. Here, a little apart from their surviving friends, rest the fathers of the village. " The breezy call of incense-bre ithing rnorn, The swallow twittering from the straw-built shed, The cock's shrill clarion or the echoing horn No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed." In January, 1861, the citizens of Athens, feeling the need of a more beautiful burying ground, organized the Athens Cemetery Association, with a capital stock of $4,000, divided into shares of $100, which was incorporated under a general law of the State. An eligible site was selected west of the town, and a purchase made of twelve acres, which has since been tastefully laid off into winding walks and drive3, and handsomely ornamented with shrub- bery. Some appropriate and costly monuments already adorn the new cemetery, which is a place of pleasant resort for the residents of Athens, and is a credit to the town. The organization is offi- cered as follows : Calvary Morris, President, H. J. Topky, Secre- tary; A. B. Walker, Treasurer, and Calvary Morris, J. W. Harris, J. H. Pratt, W. P. Johnson and Jesse Van Law, Trustees. ATHENS COUNT? BIBLE SOCIETY'. This society was founded in Athens County in 1822, as an auxil- iary of the American Bible Society. Since its organization it has donated to the parent society in cash nearly $2,000 and expended in the purchase of books for home use about $7,000. It has circulated, in sixty-one years, upward of 16,000 copies of the Holy Bible in home and foreign fields. The present officers are: D. B. Stewart, President; Cyrus Rose, Secretary, and James D. Brown, Treasurer. SOCIETIES. Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, Jb. & A. Jf., was chartered Oct. 2, 1S14, and is one of the oldest lodges in the State of Ohio. The records have been unfortunately destroyed by lire. The Past Mas- ters since 1867 have been: C. L. Wilson, 1867; J. M. Goodspeed, 1869; H. M. Lash, 1875; J. M. Goodspeed, 1S78; H. C. Will, 1879; J. II. Walker, 1830; J. L. Pickering, 1882. The present officers are: Peter Kern, W. M.; E. P. Cooke, S. W.; J. P. Dana. J. W. ; Judiah Higgins, Treas.; George R. Walker, Sec; H. B. Stew- art, S. D.; G. G. Lewis, J. D.; Joel Moe, Tyler. The next elec- tion of officers occurs Dec. 11, 18S3. The stated communications are held the second and fourth Tuesdays of each month. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 251 Athens Chapter, No. 39, R. A. 31., was chartered Jan. 20, 1849, since which time the office of High Priest has been held suc- cessively by Leonidas Jewett, 1819-52; S. P. Pruden, 1853-'5; J. M. Dana, 1856-'S; L. W. Brown, 1859-'61; J. M. Dana, 1862-'74; J. M. Goodspeed, 1875-'83. The present officers are : J. M. Goodspeed, H. P.; H. M. Lash, K.; L. M. Jewett, S.; J. P. Dana, C. II. ; II. B. Stewart, P. S. ; E. R. Lam, E. A. C. ; E. P. Cooke, G. M. 3 V.; J. L. Pickering, G. M. 2 V.; B. W. Pickering, G. M. 1 V.; Wm. H. Brown, Treas.; C. Mc Lean, Sec; Joel Moe, Guard. The next election of officers occurs Dec. 14, 1883. The stated communications are held on the second Friday of each month. Sereno Lodge, No. 479, 1. O. O.F., was organized June 29, 1871, by A. Pearson, D. G. M. The seven charter mombsrs were : J. O.Jones, W. G. Cooley, J. H. Earhart, G. W. Ullom, J. H. Thurston, J. W. Harris and W. H. Mintun. The first officers were : J. O. Jones, N. G.; W. G. Cooley, V. G.; G. II. Earhart. Kec. Sec; G. W. Ullom, Per. Sec; J. W. Harris, Treas. The present officers are : W. C. Leesger, N. G. ; W. J. Hastings, V.G.; Mr. Myers, Kec Sec; D. C. Conwell, Per. Sec; G. W. Ullom, Treas,; C. B. O'Bleness, P. G. The lodge meets every Friday evening, and is in excellent condition, financially and oth- erwise. Athenian Lodge, No. 104, K. of P., was instituted Jan. 15, 1877, by Leroy S. Dungan, of London, O., and T. Q. Collins, of Toledo, 0., with eighteen charter members, as follows: C. B. O'Bleness, P. C; E. R. Lash, C. O.j H. B. Stewart, V. C. ; F. O. Pickering, P.; E. H. James, K. of P. and S. ; A. L. Gabriel, M. of F.; T.^M. Pickering, M. of Ex.; John Graham, M. at A.; L. W. Connett, J. L. Swett, C. P. Pose, E. Z. Stedman, E. P. Gabriel, W. F. Jourdan, A. Laird, S, M. Shepard, 11. C. Gabriel and F. F. Custar. The present membership is forty -five. It meets every Monday night. The present officers are: C. P. Rose, P. C; L. W. Connett, C, C; George Ford, Y. C. ; A. Laird, P.; E. R. Lash, K. of R. and S.; John P. Coe, M. of Ex.; F. O. Pickering, M. of F.; C. B. O'Bleness, M. at A. Athens Council, No. 15, was chartered Oct. 15, 1850. The records having been destroyed by fire, a new charter was granted June 3, 1853, since which time the office of Thrice Illustrious Master has been filled as follows: S. B. Pruden, 1853; W. II. Young, 1S59; J. M. Dana, 1864; L. ^Y. Brown; J. M. Good- 252 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. speed, 1873; J. A. Slattery, 1S75; G. W. Baker, 1S7S; A. Selig, 1882; J. L. Pickering, 1SS3. The present officers are as follows: J.L. Pickering, T. I. M. ; A. J. Frame, D. M.; J. M. Good- speed, P. C. W.; L. M. Jewett, Treas.; C. McLean, Rec; E. R. Lash, C. of G.; Dean Stickney, C. of 0. ; Peter Kern, Steward; Joel Moe, Steward. The next election of officers occurs Dec. 19, L883. The stated communications are held third Wednesday ot each month. Athens Commandery, Hfo. 15, was chartered Oct. 16, 1857, since which time the office of Eminent Commander has been tilled by Samuel Pruden, 1857-'64; Norman Root, 1865; Win. II. Young, L866; C. L. Wilson, l867-'8; J. Q. Mitchel, 1869-'72; Joseph Jewett, 1873; N. II. A^an Vorhes, 1874; J. M. Goodspeed, L875 '6; C. 11. Grosvenor, 1877-'8;' J. M. Goodspeed, 1879- , 83. The present officers are : J. M. Goodspeed, E. C. ; E. R. Lash, Gen.; II. B. Stewart, Capt. Gen.; J. P. Dana, Prelate; J. L. Pickering, S. W.; Dean Stickney, J. W.; A. J. Frame, Treas.; C McLean, Pec; C. W. Harris, St. B.; W. P. Shepard, Swd. B.; Peter Kern, Warder; Joel Moe, Sent. The next election of officers occurs Nov. 28, 1883. The stated communications are ap- pointed to be held the fourth Wednesday of each month. Grand Army of the Republic. — This order was established June 24. 1881, by David Banning, of J. C. McCoy Post, of Columbus, Ohio. It is called the Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, being named after Columbus Golden, who was the first man who fell in the civil war from Athens County. The post belongs to the De- partment of Ohio, and was organized withjtwenty-five charter mem- bers, R. A. Constable, elected Post Commander and J. L. Pickering, Adjutant. The post has had a successful life so far and its future is one of promise. Its present officers are R. A. Constable, Post Commander and F. T. Towsley, Adjutant. Its membership now numbers 212, and its treasury holds a surplus of $800. R. A. Constable was the delegate to the National Council in 1882, and the delegate'to the National Encampment in 1883 was C. II. Grosvenor, the only one from Ohio. A portion only of the members ot'thepost (thirty) are uniformed besides the officers. The Columbus Golden Post stands high among its brethren in the State, and ha- strong influence in the State and National ( 'ouncil. HI8T0BY 01 HOCKING VALLEY. 253 PAPEBS. Athens Mirror and Literary Register. — This was the pior spaper of the Hocking Valley, as well as of Athens Com It was started in 1825 by A. Gr. Bro\ editor and pro- prietor, lie wa ted pecuniarily in this enterprise by citizens of Athens. The pros-, was bought second-hand at .Marietta, and with the press came Isaac Maxon as fore- man, and John Brongh, afterward Governor or Ohio, a.s appren- tice. He lived with Judge Brown for several year.-, w ing on the paper, and between the two there grew a warm friendship. The press above alluded Vj wa. a Stanburg p "double pull." and the ink was distributed by leather-covered balls, the only method at that time known. The first isssne of the Mi't roi appeared the first week in April, 1825. The paper was politi- cal and literary in its character, printed once a week, of six- teen pages, about 9x5 inches to each number. It continued through five years. In February. L829, the publisher announced that "all who wish to see the fifth volume of the Mieeoe pub- id, are desired to .-end in their names before the first day of May next," and earnestly solicits increased patronage. Among the contributors to the Mirror was Rev. Samuel D. Hoge, a son of Rev. Moses Hoge, President of Hampden-Sidney College, of Virginia, and a lu-other of Rev. James Hog lum- The circulation of the Mirror was usually about 400 to 500. It was succeeded in 1830 by The Western Spectator, which was edited and published by Isaac Maxon, formerly foreman under Mr. Brown. Under his manage- ment it continued about six years. It was a good loca aper. ii: L836 it was bought by Abraham Van Vorhes, who changed the name to the Athens Messenger and Hooking Valley Gazette. — Under this name Mr. Van Vorhes edited and published the paper for ral years, enlarging it, printing it on new pre-,- and type. and otherwise greatly improving it. In 1-1 i 1 out to ons, ]S\ II. and A. J. Van Vorhes. From Jan. L8, 1-50, to July 14, 1-51. S. X. Miller was a member of the firm. Jul 1853, N. II. Van Vorhes was obliged to resign his duties tempo- rarily, on account of failing health, and his brother conducted the paper until Oct. 19, 1850, when the office was sold to G - AVahsh. Mr. Walsh conducted it but a year, when .X. II. Van 254 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Vorhes again took the paper. He continued as editor till 1861, when he entered the Union army, having, sold the Messenger to T. F. Wildes, afterward editor of the Journal. He retained the Mes r senger but a short time, selling out to Jesse and S. C. Van Law, the latter of whom withdrew in September, 1S63, leaving Jesse Van Law sole editor and proprietor. He was the " war editor," and under his control the paper maintained the reputation made for it by Mr. Van Vorhes. The news from the scenes of conflict during the war were fuller in the Messenger than in almost any other paper of its size in the State. Mr. Van Law sold to J. W. Stinchcomb in No- vember, 1S65, and on Oct. 25, 1866, J. R. S. Bond became the pro- prietor and editor. He sold to the present editor, G. E. M. Jennings, March 5, 1868. Since taking possession of the paper, Mr. Jennings has twice brought out the Messenger in a new dress. The size of the paper has been changed several times during its long life. It is now eight pages in size, and contains six columns to the page. It is published every Thursday. The Messenger has always been uniformly Republican in principles, since the organization of that party, and before 1855 equally consistent in its support of Whiff doctrines. It continues to be one of the most influential papers in Southeastern Ohio. The Athens Herald. — The Athens Herald is yet in its infancy, its first issue being of date Sept. 25, 18S2, but it is a lusty, vigor- ous child of the art typographical. It was started by a stock company, of which J. M. Wood, J. P. Wood and L. C. Butler were the principal stockholders, Mr. L. C. Butler assuming the editor- ship, and the name given being as above. Politically it is Repub- lican or represents the principles of the party so designated at this time, and is in size a quarto of eight pages, six columns to the page. Mr. Butler retired from the editorship May 9, 1883, and at this time the paper does not have its editor's name at the head of its columns. Mr. Malcolm Jenning became city editor Oct. 23, 1882. and is still upon the editorial staff of the paper. The publication of the Herald has proved a marked success from its firstissue, and the Herald Publishing Company is at this time in a prosperous condition. The Athens Journal. — The Athens Journal, since its founding, has been one of the leading newspapers in the county. Although for a period in its history it was independent in politics, it has always been a guide to public opinion on the leading topics of the day, and has done not a little to affect the political phases of the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 255 county and elsewhere, so far as it has reached. Its history is con. siderably varied, having made two radical changes in its political doctrine, and been in the hands of several different, but always able, editors. It was founded by Hiram C. Martin, a citizen of Athens, who was proprietor and editor. The first issue appeared on Wed- nesday, Dec. 15, 1869, but it did not appear regularly until Thurs- day, Jan. 6, 1870, the number issued on this date being marked No. 1, of Yol. 1. It was Republican in politics, but rather than to political agitation its tendency was in the direction of a critical and literary journal, having among its contrib- utors such public-spirited and educated gentlemen as David H. Moore, W. II. Scott, then Professor of Greek in the Ohio University, W. F. Boyd, of Cincinnati, Rev. A. C. Hirst, then Professor of Latin in the Ohio University, Rev. Jesse Van Law? John R. Scott, Earl Cranston, John E. Sanders and John Ackley under the nom de plume of "Daddy Hague." The paper con- tinued under this management until 1871 when, Mr. Martin's health failing, he sold out to a joint stock company and retired from the paper but retained an interest in it by becoming a stockholder. Ot this new company, called the Journal Printing Co., Mr. Henry T. Brown, of Athens, was the President and Dr. Thomas W. Sparrow, Secretary and Treasurer. Dr. Sparrow assumed the business control. Although for several months after this change no name appeared as editor, it is well known that the editorial work was done chiefly by General Thomas F. Wildes, then a resident of Athens. At the beginning of the year 1872, according to pre- vious announcement, the editorial responsibility was undertaken by W. H. Scott, while Hiram C. Martin became business manager ami local editor In October following the management was transferred to Oscar W. Brown, who also supervised the editorial department. In December, 1873, the Journal Company sold out to D. Mon- tague and James A. Miller, whose names appear as joint proprietors and editors, but who failed to fulfill the contract of purchase, and it fell back into the hands of the company in January, 1875. At the beginning of this management the name was changed from the Athens County Journal to its original name, the Athens Journal^ and it was also changed in politics to an independent paper. In the issue of Jan. 14, 1875, Montague and Miller pre- sented their valedictory, making known to the public their sale ot the paper to Colonel R. W. Jones, who was to take possession at once. At this time it was the intention of Mr. Jones to make it a partisan 256 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. paper, and change the name to the Democratic Standard. Although public announcement to that effect had been made, since it was found that the Journal Company were still the real owners, it was only leased to Mr. Jones, and continued as an independent paper, as the owners, being all Republicans, refused to allow it to become Demo- cratic. At the time of the completion of this change the following card appeared in the columns of the Journal; "The Journal Company have made arrangements with Colonel R. W. Jones to continue the publication of the Journal as an independent paper. Under the new r management the patrons of the paper, and the public, may be assured that its interest as a public journal will be increased, and its usefulness and circulation extended. " Colonel Jones has had large experience as an editor and pub- lisher, and is thoroughly conversant with every department ot the newspaper business. " The prompt encouragement of the friends of the Journal by way of subscriptions, job-work and advertising is earnestly solicited, and will, we are contident, assure the complete success ot the pres- ent arrangement. » F. L. Junod, II. T. Brown, Signed, II. C. Martin, T. W. Sparrow. Peter Hixs"N\ Geo. Putnam, and Leonard Brown, Journal Company." Soon after this, the paper was enlarged to nine columns, the size it has since preserved. Mr. Jones won friends and confidence in the paper by his sar- castic wit and masterly ability. Limited as he was by the require- ments of its owners, that the paper should be independent, his strength as a political advocate was not known until after April, 1^7(1, when it passed entirely under his control. He made the paper strictly Democratic in doctrine, expressing through it, without fear, his views on all subjects. During his edi- torial control, which lasted until near the time ot his death, in L881, the paper was characterized by vigor and independence, the editor's motto being, "'Give me the liberty of the press and I will tear down corruption from its towering height, and bury it beneath the ruin of the abuses it was meant to shelter." HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 257 Since the death of Mr. Jones the paper has remained in the hands of his family, and has continued the same in appearance and political doctrine. The editorial control has been assumed by his daughter, Jennie Jones, who has proven her ability to maintain the usefulness and strength of the paper as an influential public organ. PERSONAL SKETCH FROM THE FUNERAL DISCOURSE. Robert Wilmeth Jones was bom in Belmont County, O., June 17, 182(5. On his father's side he was of Welsh extraction, and on the maternal side a lineal descendant of that brave sailor, Rear-Admiral Carter, who. with Admiral Russell, commanded the English and Dutch fleets in the battle of La Hogue, and who, be- ing mortally wounded in the engagement, gave his last command in the memorable words, " Fight the ship while she can swim.'' Colonel Jones was the third child of Wilmeth Jones arid Sarah, his wife, nee Carter, and one of seven children. At the age of four- teen year.-^ he began to learn the mysteries of "the art preservative of all arts,'' ser s en years as apprentice and foreman with John Irons, of Uniontown, Pa., in the office of the Genius of Liberty, which paper he edited for about two years of that time. On the 2d of March, 1847, he was united in marriage with Anna .M. Stui'gis, of Uniontown, who survives him after a wedded life of thirty-four years. To them were born six children, two of whom only are now living. In 1^47 Colonel Jones began the publication of the Cumberland Presbyterian, the organ of the church whose name it bore, at Uniontown, and continued it at Brownsville and afterward at Waynesburg, Pa., with a short interval, till 1865. He began the publication of the Messenger, apolitical paper, at the latter place in 1801, but in 1805 abandoned all newspaper work for more active business pursuits, which he continued at Philadelphia and other points with varying success till he came to Athens, and assumed tditorial and business control of the Journal. He took an active part for many years in all business and political questions, often occupying responsible positions in the counsels of his party, and at onetime holding a military commission as aid to Governor Pollock, :' Pennsylvania. He was of a social and genial disposition, with a host of friends, and best beloved by those who knew him b st. As a journalist he was a pleasing writer, wielding a facile and often trenchant pen; clear, sparkling and direct in style; accurate in facts and convincing in deductions and argument. To all these 17 258 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. qualities be united a high sense of justice, great industry and fine business capacity. He amassed a handsome fortune, but financial losses came to him with railway and other investments. During the days of his greatest prosperity his friends shared in all his good fortune. In the season of adversity he bore with philosophical equanimity his reverses, and took up anew all the labors of life, with a serene determination to extract the largest measure of com- fort for self and family from his surroundings ; and with temper unsoured and disposition as genial and sunshiny as ever, he worked on till death, with no unkind hand, without lingering or great conscious suffering, and in the midst of his activity and labors, called him to rest. The Journal has been continued by his daughter, Jennie Jones, who undertook to carry out all the plans of her father. She was born at Brownsville, Pa., and was educated at Philadelphia, grad- uating from the High School there in the spring of 1872. When her father began his connection with the Journal, she went into the office as his bookkeeper and took charge of the mailing de- partment, holding that connection until his death, when she became the sole editor and publisher, and has so continued to the* present time. ' J, "(/ f-tJi /7 %^*~ CHAPTER XII. OHIO UNIVERSITY— ITS INCEPTION, RISE AND PROGRESS. The Wisdom of its Conception — The University and Dr. Cut- ler—Acts of 1802 and 1804 — Given in Full — Steps taken for Organization— The Act to Increase Rents— Beginning- Active Work — The First Graduate — Pressing Forward — Literary Societies — Beautiful Location — The College Buildings — Bio- graphical Sketches — Presidents of the Faculty — Professors — Preceptors and Principals — Trustees. — The Officials. the wisdom of its conception. Almost simultaneously with the final erection of this new Empire of America, provision was made by the governing power of the nation for the establishment of an institution of learning in the great West, the exact location to be fixed at a future time. Too high a tribute to the far-reaching wisdom of those men who con- ceived and worked out the destiny of this project can hardly be paid. It was an idea worthy of the conjecture of an old and es- tablished country; but these men were only members of a then fee- ble nation, of unknown resources and an uncertain future, just recovering from a terrible conflict for life. This move to plant a seat of learning far in the West, beyond the bounds of civilization, that should in time rival the English universities of Cambridge and Oxford, indicated a prophetic faith in the development of the new country almost unprecedented. Now, civilization has reached and gone far beyond the spot chosen, and if the University has failed to come up to the cherished hopes of its founders, that it should deserve and retain the homage of all the Western country as its pride and shining light, and be its mother of intelligence and learning, it is not the fault of those who gave it life, for they did well their part and there all the honor lies. If the Rev. Manasseh Cutler and General Rufus Putnam could now come and review the blunders of some of those in whose hands they had placed the care of their ward, and see the careless disregard shown to the Univer- (259) 260 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. sity by many who have grown up within her very shadow, they would surely say, " There's something grimly wrong in this." But if this institution has failed to fulfill early anticipation, its career has by no means' been void of usefulness. Its location on the site of Athens presented attractions greater than those of any other portion of all the Northwest Territory. For healthfulness and beauty of situation, for the lay of its ground and its command- ing scenery, it can hardly be surpassed. The Hocking Valley, be- side the compliment to its beauty by securing the location of the university, is better for its possession and especially Athens,. the child of the college, which, like a natural child, has grown up from earliest infancy beneath her brow. THE UNIVERSITY AND DR. CUTLER. One of the first great steps taken by the revolutionary heroes after the close of the war, was to make arrangements for settling the country north of the Ohio River, called the Ohio country. In the growth and adoption of the plan for such a settlement, which culminated in the ordinance of 1787, the idea of providing for a university was always present. This ordinance was passed in July, 1787, while the Constitutional Convention was in session at Phila- delphia, thus preceding the first permanent encroachment of civilization upon the vast wilderness west of the Alleghanies by ten years. It was, in fact, intended as an integral part of the foundation then laid for the political and social fabric which has since been reared in the Northwest. In authorizing the Board of Treasury to contract this sale of lands to the Ohio Company, Con- gress agreed that two complete townships should be given perpet- ually to the uses of a university, to be laid off by the purchasers as near as possible to the center of the purchase, but that it should be good land and applied to the intended object by the Legislature of the State. This was the first university ever thus endowed by Congress with land for its support, but the policy then begun was continued and now Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Alabama, Missouri, Mississippi and other States have similarly endowed universities. This great principle which has done so much toward shaping the intellectual features of our country may be said to have resulted from the propriety of such a measure as impressed upon Congress by Dr. Manasseh Cutler in securing the endowment for the Ohio University. To this man, Dr. Cutler, perhaps more than to any HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 261 other, is due the founding of this pioneer institution. He was a member of the Ohio Company, and being a man of culture and -ability, was able to appreciate the value of higher education as a source of individual happiness, its value as an element of political liberty, and doubtless was the first to conceive and set forth the idea of establishing the University. At the first organization ot the company he had urged the advantage of employing a com- petent instructor for the proposed settlement, and was himself authorized to secure a proper person. He afterward conceived the idea of the University and impressed it so strongly upon the mem- bers of Congress as to secure the above result. He urged that the location of the college lands should be as nearly as practicable in the center of the first million and a half of acres that the company should pay for; for, he said, to fix it in the center of the proposed purchase might too long defer the establishment. Dr. Cutler found a ready supporter of his plans and a valuable helper in another member of the Ohio Company, General Rums Putnam. He, in charge of the first colony, came to Ohio, helped to view the country, located the college lands and the site of the college, and was an interested and efficient worker for the Univer- sity scheme to the end of his life. The college townships were not located and surveyed till 1795, when townships S and 9 in the 14th range were selected. These are the townships of Athens and Alexander. For some years after that, the dense for- ests that covered the whole region were but slightly invaded by settlers, and it was not until the town of Athens had been laid out and " confirmed and established " by the Territorial Legislature, that any action was taken by that body toward carrying into effect the compact for the establishment of the University. On Dec. 18, 1799, the Territorial Legislature appointed Rufns Putnam, Benja- min Ives Gilman and Jonathan Stone " to lay off in the most suit- able place within the townships, a town plat which should contain a square for the college ; also, lots suitable for house lots and gardens for a president, professors, tutors, etc., bordering on or encircled by spacious commons, and such a number of town lots adjoin- ing the said commons and out-lots as they shall think will be for the advantage of the University." This work having been done, a resolution was adopted by the Legislature. Dec. 6, 1800, approv- ing and accepting it. In that year, also, Dr. Cutler sent to Gen- eral Putnam his draft of an incorporating act for the University. In a letter which accompanied the draft, he said: " As the Amer- 262 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ican Congress made the grant which is the foundation of the Uni- versity, no name appeared to be more natural than American University. The sound is natural, easy and agreeable, and no name can be more respectable. There i a Columbian College and a "Washington College, etc., already in the country, but no Ameri- can College. I hope the name will not be altered." It is evident from this passage that the founders of the Univer- sity entertained large expectations of its future. The same fact is no less manifest from Dr. Cutler's comments on the eighth section of his draft. Speaking of a limitation of the income by the Legis- lature, he said : "$40,000 and $50,000 can not be too high, as it must be applied to one of the most useful and important purposes to society and to Government. The sums sound large, but no one can say to what amount the income of the endowments of this Univer- sity may arrive in time. The income of Oxford and Cambridge in England is much greater." ACTS OF 1802 AND 1804. The act referred to above was passed by the Territorial Legislat- ure in 1802. It was an able} instrument and largely copied in the act of 1804, but it does not appear that any effective action was ever taken under this law. It provided that the institution should be known as the " American Western University," and that the Hon. Rufus Putnam, Joseph Gilman, Return J. Meigs, Jr., Paul Fearing, Rev. Daniel Story, Griffin Greene, Robert Oliver, Eben- ezer Sproat, Dudley Woodbridge and Isaac Pierce, together with the president, yet to be selected, should constitute a body politic by the name of "The President and Trustees of the American Western University." The next legislative act on this subject was a joint resolution passed by the first Legislature of the State, Jan. 27, 1S04, which read as follows: " Resolved, That Samuel Carpenter, James Wells, and Henry Abrams be appointed commissioners to appraise the land included within the two college townships, in the county of Washington, at its real value in its original and unimproved state ; to divide and value said land into four different qualities or rates and make return of the quantity contained in each division, as near as may be, and the value thereof to the next General Assembly on oath. And that the said commissioners also value the land in its HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 263 present situation, mentioning the number of houses and quantity of cleared land contained within the two townships. "Resolved., That the trustees appointed by the act entitled an act establishing a university in the town of Athens, be, and they are, hereby required to report to the next General Assembly of this State, what measures they have taken to carry the said act into operation." On the ISth of February, 1804, the Legislature passed another act establishing a university at Athens, which differed in some re- spects from the one of 1802. This is the fundamental act under which the institution was actually founded and remains to-day, the origin of the present University. The following is an exact copy of the law : Act of State Legislature establishing a Uhivt ersity in the town of Athens. "Whereas, Institutions for the liberal education ot youth are es- sential to the progress of arts and sciences, important to morality, virtue and religion, friendly to 'the peace, order and prosperity of society, and honorable to the government that encourages and pat- ronizes them: Therefore, Sec. 1. That there shall be a University instituted and es- tablished in the town of Athens, in the ninth township of the four- teenth range of townships, within the limits of the tract of land purchased by the Ohio Company of Associates, by the name and style of the "Ohio University," for the instruction of youth in all the various branches of liberal arts and sciences, for the pro- motion of good education, virtue, religion and morality, and for conferring all the degrees and literary honors granted in similar institutions. Sec. 2. That there shall be and forever remain in the said Uni- versity a body politic and corporate, by the name and style of ''The President and Trustees of the Ohio University;" which body politic and corporate shall consist of the Governor of the State (for the time being), the president, and not more than fifteen nor less than ten trustees, to be appointed as hereinafter is pro- vided. Sec. 3. That Elijah Backus, Kufus Putnam, Dudley Wood- bridge, Benjamin Tuonan. Bazaleel Wells, Nathaniel Massie, Daniel Symmes, Daniel Story. Samuel Carpenter, the Rev. James Kilbourn, Griffin Greene, Sr., and Joseph Darlington, Esquires, 264 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. together with the Governor as aforesaid, and the president of the said University (for the time being), to be chosen as hereinafter di- rected, be, and the same are hereby created, a body politic and cor- porate, by the name of " The President and Trustees of the Ohio University;" and that they and their successors, and such others as shall be duly elected members of the said corporation, shall be and remain a body'politicand corporate in law, by that name forever. Sec. 4. That the said trustees shall have power and authority to ele.ct a president, who shall preside in the University, and also to appoint a secretary, treasurer, professors, tutors, instructors, and all such officers and servants in the University as they shall deem necessary for the carrying into effect the designs of the institution, and shall have authority, from time to time, to determine and estab- lish the name, numbers and duties of all the officers and servants to be employed in the University, except wherein provision is other- wise made by this act, and may empower the president or some other member of the corporation, to administer such oaths as they shall appoint and determine, for the well ordering and good gov- ernment of the University: Provided nevertheless, That no corpo- ration business shall be transacted at any meeting, unless seven of the trustees at least shall be present. Sec 5. That the said corporation shall have power and authority, from time to time, to make and ordain reasonable rules, orders and by-laws for the government of the corporation, not incompatible with the constitution, laws and ordinances of the United States or this State, and the same to repeal as occasion may require, and also to determine the salaries, emoluments and tenures of their several officers. Sec 6. That the said corporation shall have power and au- thority to suspend or remove the president or any member of the said corporation, who shall, by his misconduct, render himself un- worthy of the office, station or place he sustains, or who, from age or other infirmity, is rendered incapable to perform the duties of his office ; and the said corporation shall have power and authority to suspend or remove from the University any professor, in- structor or resident student, or servant, whenever the corpo- ration shall deem it expedient for the interest and honor of the University. Sec 7. That whenever the president or any member of the cor- poration shall be removed, by death, resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature, the corporation shall hold a meet- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 265 ing (due notice of the design of which meeting shall be given to the several members) for the supplying such vacancy; and the per- son elected shall continue in office until the end of the next session of the Legislature, and no longer, by virtue of such appointment; and in order to choose a president or member of the corporation, there shall be, at least, two thirds of the wholejiumber of said trustees present, and the said election shall be by ballot. Sec. 8. That when any member of the corporation shall be re- moved by death, resignation ^or otherwise, such vacancy shall be supplied at the next meeting of the Legislature of the State. Sec. 9. That the president and such professors, tutors and in- structors as the corporation shall appoint for that purpose shall be styled, "The Faculty of the University," and shall have power and authority, from time to time, to ordain, regulate and establish the mode and course of education and instruction to be pursued in the^University, and also to make, publish and execute such code of rules, regulations and by-laws as they shall deem necessary for the well ordering and good government of the University, and to repeal or amend any part thereof; which rules, regulations and by- laws shall continue in force until altered or disapproved of by the corporation; and it shall be the duty of the faculty to lay before the corporation, from time to time, accurate statements of all their proceedings; and the faculty shall direct and cause to be holden in the said University, quarterly, in every year, a public examination, at which time the faculty shall attend, when each class of the students shall be examined relative to the proficiency they shall have made in the particular arts and sciences, or branches of edu- cation in which they shall have beeu instructed. Sec. 10. That the said corporation may have and keep one com- mon seal, which they may change or renew at pleasure; and that all deeds or instruments of writing, signed and delivered by the treasurer, and sealed with the corporation seal, by order of the president and trustees, shall, when made in their corporate name. be considered in law as the deed and act of the corporation; and the said corporation shall be capable of suing and being sued, pleading and being impleaded, in any action, real, personal or mixed, and the same to prosecute and defend to final judgment and execution, by the name of "The President and Trustees of the Ohio University:" Provided, That when any suit shall ba com- menced against the said corporation, the process shall be by sum- mons, and the service made by the officer leaving an attested copy 266 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. of such process with the treasurer of the said corporation, at least twenty days before the return day of such process; and the said corporation shall be capable of having, holding and taking, in fee simple, or any less estate, by gift, grant, devise or otherwise, any lands or other estate, real or personal. Sec. 11. That the two townships numbered 8 and 9 in the 14th range of townships, within the grant of land made by Congress to the Ohio Company of Associates, be, and they are, hereby vested in the corporation, by this act created, in trust, for the sole use, benefit and support of the said Univer- sity, forever. Sec 12. That one or more of the aforesaid trustees (to be appointed by the board for this purpose), shall, within six months from the passage of this act, proceed (by the oath of three disin- terested and judicious freeholders) to lay off the lands in said townships (those included in the town of Athens excepted), or such part thereof as they may deem expedient, into tracts not less than eighty nor more than 210 acres, and to estimate and value the same as in their original and unimproved state (for which service such compensation shall be allowed as the trustees shall think reasonable, to be paid out of the funds of the University) and having thus laid off and estimated said lands, the trustees, after giving four weeks' notice in the newspaper printed at Mari- etta, shall proceed to make out leases of the said tracts to such of the present occupants as shall apply for the same, within three months after such notice given, and to all persons that shall apply hereafter, for the term of ninety years, renewable forever, on a yearly rent of six per centum on the amount of the valuation so made by the said freeholders; and the land so leased shall be sub- ject to re-valuation at the expiration of thirty-five years, and to another revaluation at the expiration of sixty years, from the com- mencement of the term of each lease; which re-valuation shall be conducted and made on the principles of the first, and the lessee shall pay a yearly rent of six per centum on the amount of the re- valuation so to be made, and forever thereafter on a yearly rent equal to and not exceeding six per centum of the amount of a valu ation to be made as aforesaid, at the expiration of the term of ninety years aforesaid (which valuation the trustees and their successors are hereby authorized and directed to make). Provided , however, That such last-mentioned rent shall be subject to the following regulations, to-wit: At the expiration of the afore- HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 207 said period of ninety years, three referees -hall be appointed, the first by the corporation of the University, the second by the le under the provisions of this section of this act, and the third by the two referees thus chosen (or in case either or both of the parti( - shall neglect to choose such referee or referees, or said refei shall neglect to choose an umpire, the General Assembly, at its next session, shall appoint such number of referees, not exceeding three, as the case may require;, which referee shall meet within a reasonable time, to be agreed on between them, at the town of Ath- ens, and then and there determine on and declare the medium price per bushel of the article of wheat; which determination shall be grounded on a calculation of the average price of said article at the town of Marietta, for the live preceding yi tu'eh declaration shall be made in writing, and entered of record on the books of the corporation; and at the commencement of each and every succeed ing period of twenty years there-after, the amount of rent for such period shall be fixed on and determined by referees, to he chosen upon the principles hereinbefore directed, from a comparison of the aforesaid recorded price of wheat with its average price at Marietta, for the five years which shall have been then last pa t; in which leases shall he reserved a right of distress and re-entry tor non-payment of rent, at any time after it shall have been due two months: Provided^ always, That the said corporation shall have power to demand a further yearly rent on the said lands and tenements, not exceeding the amount of the tax imposed upon property of like description by the State, which rents shall be paid at such time and place, to such person, andcollected in such a man- ner as the corporation shall direct. C. 13. That the trustee., shall lav oil' the aforesaid town of Athens, conformably to a plan made out by Rufus Putnam and others, in pursuance of a resolution of the Territorial Legislature of the eighteenth December, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, with such variation-, h as they may find it expedient to make; and the same being thus laid off and a plat of the Bame with a designation of the uses of the eral parts recorded in the office of the recorder of the pn County, and six week-,' previous notice given, in at least two of the newspapers of this State, may proceed to sell, from tim< time, at public auction, such of the . and out-lots as they may think proper, for which lot-, on payment being made or isfactory security given, according to the condition- of such sale, 268 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. they shall execute to the purchasers respectively, leases for the term of ninety years, renewable forever on an annual rent, equal to, and not exceeding, six per centum of the amount of the purchase money, which lots, with the improvements which may be made on the same, shall be subject to such further yearly rent as may be equal to the tax imposed, from time to time, on property of like value and description, by the State ; and they are likewise author- ized to deliver a reasonable compensation for the improvements which have been made on lands within the town of Athens, to be paid out of the funds of the University. Sec. 14. That the clear annual rents, issues and profits, of all the estate, real and personal, of which the said corporation shall be seized or possessed, in their corporate capacity, shall be appro- priated to the endowments of the said University, in such manner as shall most effectually promote the end of the institution: Pro- vided nevertheless, That any donation which shall hereafter be made and received for particular purposes, relative to the design of this institution, shall be applied in conformity to the intention of the donor or donors. Sec. 15. That the treasurer of the said corporation shall, before he enters upon the duties of his office, give bonds to the said cor- poration, in such sum and with such sureties as they shall ap- prove, conditioned for the faithful discharge of the duties of the said office, and for the rendering a just and true account of his doings therein, when required; and also, for the delivering over to his successor in office all moneys, securities and other property that shall belong to the president and trustees of the said Uni- versity, together with all the books and papers in which his pro- ceedings, as treasurer, shall be entered and kept, that shall be in his hands at the expiration of his office; and all money that shall be recovered by virtue of any suit at law upon such bond shall be paid over to the president and trustees aforesaid, and be subject to the appropriations above directed in this act. Seo. 16. That the said corporation shall have full power, from time to time, to contract for, and cause to be erected, such building or buildings as they shall deem necessary for the accommodation of the president, professors, tutors, pupils, and servants of said University; as also, to procure the necessary books and apparatus, for the use of said University, and shall cause payment therefor to be made out of the funds of the University, and shall reserve such lot or lots in said town of Athens as they may deem necessary for HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 2G9 the purposes aforesaid, and for the erection of buildings for the use of the town and county. Sec. IT. That the lands in the two townships, appropriated and vested as aforesaid, with the buildings which are or may be erected thereon, shall forever be exempted from all State taxes. Sec. 18. That until a president of the said University shall be elected, and shall have entered upon the duties of his office, and also, in all cases of a vacancy or the absence of the president, the said trustees shall appoint one of their members to preside in their meetings, and all the doings and acts of the trustees, while acting under such circumstances, shall be considered in law as the doings and acts of the corporation, as fully and completely as when the president of the University shall be in office and preside. Sec/ 19. That it shall be the duty of the Governor to fix the time for holding the first meeting of the said corporation, which shall be in the town of Athens, of which he shall give notice in writing, to each member, at least twenty days previous to such meeting, and all subsequent meetings of the said corporation shall be in the said to vn of Athens. Sec. 20. That all acts and parts of acts, containing anything within the purview of this act, shall b3 and they are hereby re- pealed. steps taken toward an organization. From the records of the first meeting of trustees the following is taken: • ; At a meeting of the trustees of the Ohio University, convened at the house of Dr. Eliphaz Perkins, in the town of Athens, on the first Monday of June, 1804, the day ordered by His Excellency Edward Tiffin, Esq., Governor of the State of Ohio, for the first meeting. The following trustees present, viz.: His Excellency Edward Tiffin, Elijah Backus, Eufus Putnam, Dudley Wood- bridge, Daniel Story, Samuel Carpenter and, James Kilbourne." The board elected Governor Tiffin, President, Dudley Wood- bridge, Secretary, Eliphaz Perkins, Treasurer, and adjourned till next day, June 5. This first session of the board lasted three days, and was principally spent in arranging for the appraisal and leasing of the college lands. Eufus Putnam and Samuel Carpen- ter were appointed to lay off and appraise such lands in the two townships as were claimed and occupied. Since the surveying of these townships in 1795, numbers of new settlers had come in and occupied the lands. Some of these were rough and determined 270 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. characters, and were bent on] maintaining possession. To adjust these cases, settle disputed titles, etc., required patience, tact, and wisdom. The persons had either to be mollified and induced to come to terms, or be ejected from the lands. The first business of the board was to adjust the claims of conflicting persons, secure titles and protect the corporation in its rights. These matters, together with the surveying and laying out of lots, classifying lands, etc., employed the trustees during this session. It is worthy of remark that the meeting of these men, under the circumstances, afforded a high proof of their character — of their appreciation of the value of education, and their honest devo- tion to the welfare of the new country. They had traveled fifty, seventy-five or a hundred miles by blind paths or Indian trails through the dense and wild forest to this embryo village, for the purpose of establishing an institution of learning. By the follow- ing November the sale of house and out-lots of the town of Ath- ens amounted to $2,223.50; average of house-lots, $43,331-2; of out-lots, $39. In the south township (Alexander), seventy-five tracts, or 11,000 acres, were applied for. In the north township (Athens), seventy-five applications for leases, covering 8,760 acres, had been made. Notwithstanding this favorable outset toward a disposition of the college lands the State Legislature at their following session passed an amendatory law which was probably designed to hasten the disposition of the lands. However this law may have fulfilled its intended design, it has certainly been the means of much con- cern to the future welfare of the University. The following is a copy of the act: "An act to amend an act, entitled '''•An act establishing a Uni- versity in the town of Athens ." Section 1. That James Denny, Emanuel Carpenter, Jr., Isaac Dawson, Pelatiah White and Ezekiel Deming, residents of this State, are [appointed appraisers of the two college townships, numbered S and 9, in the 14th range of townships within the grant of land made to the Ohio Company of Associates, and the said appraisers, or any three of them, on oath or affirmation, are hereby required to appraise the townships aforesaid, within nine months, at the present real value as in its original and uncul- tivated state, and make report thereof to the Board of Trustees of the said University; and the said trustees shall lease the same to HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 271 any persons who have or may apply, agreeable to law, for the term of ninety-nine years, renewable forever, with a fixed annual rent of six per centum on the appraised valuation: Provided, That no lands shall be leased at a less valuation than at the rate of one dol- lar and seventy-five cents per acre. Sec. 2. That the commissioners aforesaid shall meet on the first day of April next, at the town of Athens, who shall then proceed to discharge the duties imposed on them by this act, and the act to which this act is an amendment, and the same to have performed within the time mentioned in this act. Sec 3. That the trustees of the corporation of the said Univer- sity lands are hereby authorized and empowered to remove, by due course of law, all persons living on said lands, in case such persons refuse or neglect to take leases within six months after the valuation of the lands aforesaid. Sec 4. That the secretary of this State shall cause notice to be given as soon as convenience will permit, to each of the com- missioners aforesaid, of their appointment under this act, and the commissioners respectively, on receiving the notice aforesaid, shall within a reasonable time thereafter, forward to the Governor of this State their determination to accept, or not to accept, the appoint- ment under this act made. Sec 5. That so much of the aforesaid act, passed the eighteenth day of February, one thousand eight hundred and four, as is con- trary to this act, be, and the same is, hereby repealed. This act shall be in force from and after the passage thereof. Passed Feb. 21, 1805. It will be seen that this law conflicts, to a certain extent, with the original act, and partially repeals the founding act of 1804, but the extent of the real confliction is the question which has given rise to extensive and important litigations between the lessees of the college lands and the authorities of the University. Prior to 1875 the authorities of the University had made no attempt to put into force that part of section 12 of the act of 1804, reading, " Pro- vided, always, That the said corporation [meaning the president and trustees of the University] shall have power to demand a further yearly rent on the said lands and tenements, not exceeding the amount of the tax imposed upon property of like description by the State," etc. Although numerous laws had been passed from time to time touching indirectly upon this subject, the next move directly, and that which was the immediate cause of the litigations referred to, was the passage of the following act in 1875: 272 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. An act to require trustees of institutions of learning to collect certain rents. Sec. 1 . Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the /State of Ohio, That the trustees of any institution of learning, holding lease- hold lands and having authority, under the laws of the State, to de- mand a yearly rent on such lands, and the tenements erected thereon, not exceeding the amount of the tax imposed on property of like description by the State, said rent being in addition to a yearly rent at six per centum on the appraised valuation of said lands and tenements, are hereby required to demand and collect said rents for the support of said institution. Sec. 2. This act shall take eifect from and after the first day of July, eighteen hundred and seventy-five. March 30, 1875. This was followed by a resolution of the trustees of the Univer- sity in June, 1876, instructing the treasurer to collect additional rents in accordance with the above act, the date of such additional rents to begin on the first day of July, 1875. The lease-holders, believing that that part of the law of 1804, to which the act of 1S75 might in this case apply, had been repealed by the act of 1805, re- fused to comply with the demand for the additional rent and at once entered suit against the president and trustees of the Univer- sity. The case has passed through the Court of Common Pleas and the Supreme Court of Ohio, in both of which decision was given in favor of the University, and is now awaiting decision in the Supreme Court of the United States. During the fourteen years following 1805, nearly as many laws were passed by the State Legislature relative to the University, many of them amendments to former acts, and a number of them on the subject of land rents. One passed in 1809 provided that the renters might pay in produce ; and one in 1826 authorized the trustees of the University to dispose of certain lands by conveyance in fee simple. BEGINNING ACTIVE WORK. But to return more directly to the early work of the commis- sioners. The year 1806 was consumed in settling titles, appraising the lands, and accumulating a small fund with which to begin the actual educational work. The second meeting of the Board of Trus- tees was called for Nov. 20, 1805, but no quorum was present and they adjourned. The third meeting was held April 2, 1S06, when HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 273 the committee for selling town lots reported, and other business was transacted relative to titles and leases. At this session it was "Resolved, That Jacob Lindley, Rufus Putnam and William Skinner be a committee to contract with some person or persons for building a house in the town of Athens for the purpose of an academy, on the credit of the rents that will hereafter become due." At the meeting of the trustees Dec. 25, 1806, pursuant to the above resolution, a plan for a building was reported and the com- mittee was empowered to contract for a building. This was the old academy which stood east of the present buildings, partly outside of the present enclosure. It was a two-story brick building, twenty-four feet by thirty, containing one room on each floor. For ten years this was the only building of the University. After the college classes were organized, the lower room was occupied by the preparatory department, while the upper one accommodated the higher classes. After the completion of the building, at a meeting held March 2, 1808, Rev. Jacob Lindley, Eliphaz Perkins and i Rufus Putnam were appointed a committee to report a plan for opening and conducting the academy and providing for a pre- ceptor, which they did at the same meeting. A few days later Mr. Lindley was chosen Preceptor and entered on his duties in the spring of 1808. Thus, in a scantily inhabited wilderness, the University began its active career which has now extended over three quarters of a century. The attendance at first was necessarily small and the curric- ulum incomplete, but then, as since, the institution was charac- terized by proficiency of its instruction and the thoroughness of work done by students. For the first few years Dr. Lindley was the only instructor, he alone constituting the Faculty of the Ohio University. In lsl2 Mr. Artemus Sawyer, a graduate of Harvard University and an excellent scholar, was appointed assistant in- structor. Prior to this time it had not assumed pretentions beyond those of a grammar school; but the instructor had done good work and the school was now well qualified to adopt a more thorough course of study. In the year 1815 THE FIRST GRADUATE received from the University the degree of Bachelor of Arts. The man who had not ouly this honor of being the first to go forth with the blessings of the Ohio University, but the first to receive a collegiate degree in the State of Ohio, was the Hon. Thomas Ew- 18 274 HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ing, Sr., whose after career is well known throughout this country. He had entered the institution three years previously and pursued his studies with great energy, spending his later vacations in sur- veying and helping to lay out county roads to raise money for his college expenses. In 1815 the success of the University was thought to be so far assured, and the necessity for increased facilities was so apparent, that the trustees resolved to erect a new college building. June 4, 1816, a committee, consisting of Jacob Lindley, Eliphaz Per- kins, and J. Lawrence Lewis, appointed in September previous, reported to the board that, after due advertisement and consultation with an architect, they had contracted with William T. Dean for 370,000 bricks at $4.50 a thousand; with Christopher and Daniel Herrold for 27,964 feet of lumber, to be delivered and piled up during the summer, at $1.12 per hundred feet; with Messrs. Bing- ham & "White for stone; with Pilcher & Francis for laying the foundation of the rough stone, and making the window and door sills; and with Wm. and James Wier for digging the cellar — which last was already completed. The corner-stone of the building, now known as the center college, was laid in the summer of that year. The work was pushed forward as rapidly as the condition of the treasury would permit, and the building was completed in 1817. In order to raise funds for this expense, the trustees had, in June, 1814, petitioned the State Legislature to grant a lottery, the pro- ceeds of which was to be given to the college. The Legislature granted the request, and prescribed the method, but for some reason the scheme was never carried out. In 1819 Mr. Sawyer having some time before ceased his connec- tion with the institution, Professor Joseph Dana, a man of rare scholarly attainments, was secured as a teacher of languages. He was especially fitted for this chair by his knowledge of the classics, and remained in connection with the University a number of } ? ears. PRESSING FORWARD. The pecuniary embarrassments of the University were so far overcome by 1822,that its complete organization was effected in that year, and the faculty was constituted a* follows: Rev. James Irvine, President and Professor of Mathematics; Joseph Dana, Professor of Languages; Rev. Jacob Lindley, Professor of Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy; Rev. Samuel D. Hoge, Professor of Natural Sciences, and Henry D. Ward, Academical Preceptor. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 275 From this period dates the complete working system of the University. Its history from this on to the present time has been almost uniform in the routine duties of ordinary college work. The usual four years' course was adopted, the curriculum embracing higher studies in mathematics, natural sciences, philosophy and the classics. " ' The classes graduating each year have ranged from fourteen down Ihe attendance gradually increased up to the time of Rev Wm H. McGufrey's administration (1839-'43), when it reached nearly 250 students. This, and a short time following the close of the war ot the Rebellion, are the two most nourishing periods 'in the University's history. For the decade from 1S55 to 1865 the aver- age annual attendance was 150, and for the collet year of 1865-'6 the attendance was 243. This sudden rush of students resulted doubtless, from the fact that the great number of young men throughout the country, who had just been released from the serv ice, were without employment, and being generally supplied with ready money, as well as many of them being entitled to free tuition by a law passed in 1864, saw no better way to spend a year or two than in attendance at the University. Since 1870 the average annual attendance has been about 110. n The two LITERARY SOCIETIES were established in 1836 and in 1839 by special acts of the State Legislature. The first, entitled « An act to incorporate the ' Athe- nian Literary Society of Ohio University,' in the town of Athens " was passed Dec. 19, 1836, and the other, entitled « An act to in- corporate the « Philomathean Society of the Ohio University ' in the town of Athens," March 9, 1839. By these laws, the above societies were each created a body corporate and politic by the names given above, capable of suing and being sued as such, and invested with the usual privileges granted to other corporated bodies, the only provision made being that the annual income of either shall not exceed the sum of $1,000. The first was created with perpetual succession, and the second with succession for thirty years These societies have each a hall in one of the University build- ings, own the property with which it is furnished, and are each governed by separate constitutions and by-laws which provide for a regular succession of officers. Since these are the only socie- ties of the kind connected with the institution, each has had in 276 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. its membership since organization about half the students of the University. The public exercises of these societies consist of an annual literary contest between the two. There are also four Greek letter fraternities in the University, the Delta Tau Delta, Beta Theta Pi, Phi Delta Theta, and a ladies' society, Kappa Alpha Theta. Ladies were admitted to equal privileges with the gentlemen in the University in 1868, the first lady graduate being Miss Mar- garet Boyd, in the class of 1873. THE BEAUTIFUL LOCATION of the University can not fail to excite the admiration of all lovers of natural scenery. The winding valley of the Hocking and the wooded hills beyond, together with the asylum building across the wide bottom on the opposite hill, with its lakes and improved o-rounds in front, all make a series of landscape views seldom sur- passed in quiet and varied beauty. The immediate site of the University buildings is unusually charming even for this region of rural beauty. The campus is an enclosed square of ten acres, higher than the adjacent portions of the surrounding town and sloping gently from the center. The buildings, grouped nearly in the center of this extended lawn, are partially hidden from a front view by the growth of forest trees, except the tower of the main building, which lifts its head high above and overlooks all. The entire grounds are carpeted with a fine growth of grass, are laid out with improved walks, and the north half covered with tall forest trees evenly distributed, and skirted along the lower edge by a row of magnificent elms. THE COLLEGE BUILDINGS are four in number. The main building was erected in 1817, and is the oldest college edifice, as the University itself is the oldest institution of learning, northwest of the Ohio River. This vener- able structure, made dear to many by a thousand strong and ten- der associations, and to many more by the names of eminent men who have studied or taught within its walls, has recently been remodeled, and, while retaining the same general proportions, is, to all intents, a new building. It is admirably planned and well finished. With its slate roof and massive cornice, its lengthened windows and handsome colors, its convenient arrangement and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 277 pleasant appointments, it will compare favorably, in appearance and in adaptation to its purpose, with most college buildings in the West. The two wing buildings, erected in 1836, contain the dormito- ries, and will accommodate about sixty students. The west wing contains also the preparatory recitation-room, three music-rooms, and orre large room which is at present used as a chapel. On the completion of the new chapel, however, the last-named room will be devoted to other purposes. The new building stands on an eminence at the western side of the campus. In design it is unique and elegant; the material is brick with cut-stone trimmings. .Its dimensions are forty feet in width by seventy-six feet in length, and two stories in height. It has two fronts, one on the west toward Court street, which is the principal street of the town, and one on the east toward the main building. The first floor contains the chapel or assembly-hall, two corridors and stairways, and a waiting-room. The second floor contains two society-halls, with a committee-room attached to each. The University comprises only a literary department, which offers two courses, the classical and philosophical. The quality ot work done is equal to the best institutions in the West. The usual degrees are given. The University library, in connection with those of the two literary societies, is one of the best in the State. Con- nected with it is a large reading-room, supplied with standard newspapers and periodicals, which is open daily to the students. The long roll of graduates from this institution contains many who have achieved more than a local fame, and nearly all have in their several walks of life reflected credit upon their alma mater. With the recent improvements and additions in buildings, appa- ratus and library, for which liberal appropriations were made by the State, and the recent re-organization and enlargement of the faculty, it is generally believed that the University is about to enter upon a new, prosperous and more useful career than it has ever before known. Following are brief sketches of the- first preceptor and the sub- sequent presidents of the Ohio University: JACOB LINDLEY. Mr. Lindley, the Preceptor, was born in Pennsylvania, June 13, 1774, graduated at Princeton in 1798, and was appointed a 278 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLET. Trustee of the Ohio University in 1805. From 1808 to 1822 he was President of the Board, and Preceptor of the Academy; from 1822 to 1824, Professor of Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy; from 1824 to 1826, Professor of Mathematics. His connection with the Board of Trustees continued till 1838, when it was dissolved by reason of his removal to the State of Mississippi. He died in 1857. REV. JAMES IRVINE, A. M., the first President of the Ohio University, was born in Washing- ton County, New York. Immediately after his graduation at Union College, he was elected Professor of Mathematics in the University, in 1831 ; and in the following year became the President. Owing to ill-health, he was the next spring allowed leave of absence and never returned to his post. REV. ROBERT G. WILSON, D. D., a native ot North Carolina, was born Dec. 30, 1768. He gradua- ted at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., and, after studying theol- ogy, was ordained to preach May 22, 1794. He spent the first ten or eleven years of his ministry in Abbeville District, S. C. ; removed thence, in 1805, to Chillicothe, O., where he was for nineteen years Pastor of the Presbyterian church. In 1S24 he was elected President of the Ohio University, and during the next fourteen years administered its affairs with ability and success. In 1838, at the age of seventy, he resigned his position. He died April 17, 1851. REV. WILLIAM HOLMES MCGUFFEY, D. D., LL. D. was born in Washington County, Penn., Sept. 23, 1800. When he was but a child his parents removed to Trumbull County, Ohio. He prepared himself and entered Washington College, Pennsyl- vania. In March, 1826, he was elected Professor of Ancient Lan- guages in Miami Universit}', Ohio, and in 1832 he was transferred to the chair of Mental Philosophy. In 1836 he was chosen Presi- dent of Cincinnati College and in 1839, President of the Ohio University, which position he retained until 1843, when he returned to Cincinnati. In 1845 he was chosen Professor of Mental Philos- ophy in the University of Virginia, where he continued until his death, May 4, 1873. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 279 KEY. ALFRED RYORS, D. D. ■ ) Kev. Alfred Ryors, D. D., was born in Philadelphia, June 28, 1812. Being left an orphan at a very early age, he was received into the family and select school of Rev. Robert Steel, D. D., at Abington, Pa. lie graduated at Jefferson College, Pa., in 1835, and in May, 1836, he was elected Professor of Mathematics in the Ohio University where he remained till 18-14. In that year he was called to the same chair in Indiana State University. In 1818 he was elected President of the Ohio University, and filled the office for four years. REV. SOLOMON HOWARD, D. D., LL. D. , was born in Cincinnati, Nov. 11, 1811. At twenty-two he graduated at Augusta College, Kentucky. He was elected to a professorship in St. Charles College, Mo. He entered the Ohio Conference of the M. E. church in 1835; was elected Principal of the Preparatory Department of the Ohio Wesleyan University in 1843, and Princi- pal of Springfield High School in 1845. On leaving this position he became President of Springfield Female College; and in 1852 was elected President of the Ohio University. He retained this office till 1872, when, on account of ill-health, he resigned. He died at San Jose, Cal., June 9, 1873. WM. H. SCOTT was born at Chaimcey, Ohio, Sept. 14, 1840. He entered the Ohio University as a student in 1859, graduating in 1862. Was Superintendent of the public schools of Athens from 1862 to 1864, and Principal of the Preparatory Department of the Ohio Univer- sity from 1864 to 1865. He joined the Ohio Conference of the M. E. church in September, 1S64; was Pastor of Main Street Church, Chillicothe, Ohio, from 1865 to 1867, and of Town Street Church, Columbus, Ohio, from 1867 to 1869. He was elected Professor of Greek in the Ohio University in 1869; served in that position three years. He was acting President of the University for 1872-'3 and elected President of the same in 1873, still retaining that position. PRESIDENTS OF THE FACULTY. Rev. James Irvine, A. M., 1822-1824; Rev. Robert G. Wilson, D. D., 1824-1839; Rev. William H. McGuffey, D. D., LL. D., 1839- 280 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1843; Rev. Alfred Ryors, D. D., 1848-1852; Rev. Solomon How- ard, D. D., LL. D.,' 1852-1872; Rev. William H. Scott, A. M., (acting) 1872-1873; Rev. William H. Scott, A. M., 1873. PROFESSORS OF ANCIENT LANGUAGES. Joseph Dana, A. M., 1818-1819; Rev. John B. Whittlesey, A. M., 1819-1821; Joseph Dana, A. M., 1822-1835; Daniel Read, A- M., 1836-1838; Daniel Read, A. M., Latin and Political Economy, 1838-1843; Rev. Elisha Ballentine, A. M., Greek, 1838-1840; Rev- John M. Stephenson, A.M., Greek, 1840-1842; James Irwin Kubn> A. M., Greek, 1842-1844; Rev. Aaron Williams, D.D., 1844-1853; Rev. Addison Ballard, A. M., Latin, 1848-1852; Rev. E. E. E- Bragdon, A. M., 1853-1854; Rev. Clinton W. Sears, A. M., 1854- 1855; Rev. John M. Leavitt, A. M., 1855-1857; Rev. Robert Allyn, A. M., 1857-1859; William H. Young, A. M., 1859-1869; Rev. William H. Scott, A. M., Greek, 1869-1872; Rev. Augustine C. Hirst, A. M., Latin, 1869-1870; Rev. John L. Hatfield, A. M., Latin, 1870-1882; Charles W. Super, A. M., Ph. D., Greek, 1879; David J. Evans, A. M., Latin, 1882. PROFESSORS OF MATHEMATICS. Rev. James Irvine, A. M., President, 1821-1824; Rev. Jacob Lindley, A. M., 1824-1826; William Wall, A. M., 1827-1836; Rev. Alfred Ryors, A. M., 1836-1844; Rev. Lorenzo Dow Mc. Cabe, A. M., 1844-1845; Rev. William J. Hoge, A. M., Rhetoric, 1848-1851; Rev. Addison Ballard, A. JM., 1852-1854; Rev. John M. Leavitt, A. M., 1854-1855; William H. Young, A. M., 1855- 1859; Eli T. Tappan, A. M., 1859-1860; Rev. Richard A. Arthur, A.M., 1861-1864; Eli T. Tappan, A. M., 1864-1868; William H. G. Adney, A. M., 1869-1872; Rev. Daniel M. Blair, A. M., pro tempore* 1872-1873; Russell S. Devol, A. M., 1873. PROFESSORS OF MORAL AND MENTAL SCIENCE. Rev. Jacob Lindley, A. M., 1822-1824; Rev. Robert G. Wilson, D. D., President, 1824-1839; Rev. William H. McGuffey, D. D., LL. D., President, 1839-1843; Rev. Alfred Ryors, A. M., Presi- dent, 1848-1852; Rev. Solomon Howard, D. D., LL.D., President, 1857-1872; Rev. William II. Scott, A. M., President, 1873. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 281 PROFESSORS OF NATURAL SCIENCE. Rev. Samuel D. Hoge, A, M., 1826, died 1826; Thomas M. Drake, M. D. ? 1827-1834; Rev. Frederick Merrick, A. M., 1838- 1842; William W. Mather, A. M., 1842-1850; Rev. Joseph S. Tomlinson, D. D., 1851-1852; Rev. James G. Blair, M. D., D. D. , 1852-1864; Rev. Alexander S. Gibbons, A. M., M. D., 1864-1872; William H. G. Adney, A. M., 1872-1873; J. McC. Martin, A. M., 1873-1882; Carl Leo Mees, M. D., 1882, PROFESSORS OF HISTORY AND ENGLISH LITERATURE. Rev. Randolph Stone, A. M., 1838-1839; Rev. Wells Andrews, A. M., 1840-1842; Cynthia IT. Weld, 1882. PRECEPTORS AND PRINCIPALS OF THE PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT. . Rev. Jacob Lindley, Preceptor, 1809-1822; Henry D. Ward, A. M., Preceptor, 1S22-1824; A. G. Brown, A. M., Preceptor, 1824- 1825; Daniel Read, A. B., Preceptor, 1825-1836; Rev. Wells Andrews, A.M., Preceptor, 1837-1840; Rev. Amos Miller, A. M.> Principal, 1844-1845; Rev. Aaron Williams, A. M., Principal' 1845-1847; Rev. O. M. Spencer, A. M., Principal, 1851-1852; Rev. James F. Given, A. M., Principal, 1852-1854; W. H. Young, A- B., Principal, 1854-1855; Francis Brown, A. B., Principal, 1855- 1859; Hugh Boyd, A. B., Tutor in Mathematics, 1859-1860; Ed- ward H. Guthrie, A. M., Tutor in Language, Principal, 1859-1863; Rev. William H. Scott, A. B., Principal, 1863-1865; William H. G. Adney, A. M., Principal, 1865-1868; Rev. John M. Davis, A. B., Principal, 1872-1874; Rev. John A. White, A. B., Principal, 1874-1877; George B. Coler, Principal, 1881-1882; L. W. Shep- pard, Principal, 1882. Trustees. — Elijah Backus, Marietta, 1804-1806; General Rufus Putnam, Marietta, 1804, died 1824; Hon. Dudley Woodbridge, Marietta, 1804, died 1823; Hon. Benjamin Tappan, Steubeuville, 1804-1808; Bezaleel Wells, Steuben ville, 1804-1808; General Na- thaniel Massie, Chillicothe, 1804-1808; Hon. Daniel Symmes, Cin- cinnati, 1804-1808; Rev. Daniel Story, Marietta, 1804, died 1804; Samuel Carpenter, Lancaster, 1804, died 1821; Rev. James Kil- bourne, Worthington, 1804-1820; Griffith Green, Marietta, 1804- 1808; Joseph Darlington, West Union, 1804-1815; Hon. William Creighton, Jr. , Chillicothe, 1805-1808 ; General Joseph Buell, Mari- 282 HISTOBY OF HOCKING VALLEY. etta, 1805, died 1812; Benjamin Tupper, Zanesville, 1805, died 1814; Rev. Jacob Lindley, Waterford, 1805-1838; Michael Bald- win, Chillicothe, 1805-1809; Rev. Stephen Lindsley, Marietta, 1806-1826; William Skinner, Marietta, 1806, died 1840; Dr. Eli- phaz Perkins, Athens, 1806-1819; Hon. Sylvanus Ames, Athens, 1808, died 1823; Hon. Jehiel Gregory, Athens, 1808-1812; Hon. Abel Miller, Athens, 1808-1825; Dr. Leonard Jewett, Athens, 1808-1813; Moses Hewett, Athens, 1808, died 1814; Rev. Robert G. Wilson, Chillicothe, 1809-1819, Hon. Jesup K Couch, Chilli- cothe, 1809, died 1821; Major J. P. R. Bureau, Gallipolis, 1809- 1812; Hon. Elijah Hatch, Athens County, 1809, diedlS49; Henry Abrams, Lancaster, 1809-1814; Dr. Samuel P. Hildreth, Marietta, 1812-1819; SethAdams,Zanesville ; 1812-1838; Hon. William Wil- son, Newark, 1813-1819; John Lawrence Lewis,Washington County, 1815-1819, Joseph Wood, Washington County, 1815-1838; Rev. James Culbertson, Zanesville, 1815, died 1847; Hon. Charles R. Sherman, Lancaster, 1815-1833; Hon. Edwin Putnam, Putnam, 1820-1839; Hon. Ephraim Cutler, Marietta, 1820-1849; Hon. Thomas Scott, Chillicothe, 1820-1838; Hon. Robert Linzee, Ath- ens, 1820-1839; Hon. Alexander Harper, Zanesville, 1821-1839; Hon. Return J. Meigs, Marietta, 1822, died 1825; Hon. Levi Bar- ber, Marietta, 1822, died 1833; William Rufus Putnam, Marietta, 1823-1843; Rev. James Hoge,D.D., Columbus, 1823-1S52; Hon. Thomas Ewing, Lancaster, 1824-1832; Rev. David Young, Zanes- ville, 1825-1849; Rev. Dudley Woodbridge, Jr., Marietta, 1825- 1833; Hon. Calvary Morris, Athens, 1825-1848; Hon. Lewis Sum- mers, Virginia, 1829, died 1843; Hon. John L. Frye, Virginia, 1829-1839; General James T. Worthington, Chillicothe, 1830- 1846; Rev. James McAboy, 1831, died 1833; Rev. Amos Miller, Athens County, 1832; Dr. A. V. Medbury,Athens County, 1834- 1839;William B. Hubbard, Columbus, 1834, died 1865; General Sam- uel F. MacCracken, Lancaster, 1834, died 1857; Hon. Nathaniel C. Reed, Cincinnati, 1840-1845; Hon. John Brough, Columbus, 1840-1843; Hon. William Medill, Lancaster, 1840-1847; Hon. A. G. Brown, Athens, 1841; Rev. James M. Brown, Virginia, 1842- 1859; Hon. John H. Keith, Chillicothe, 1844, died 1875; Hon. V. B. Horton, Pomeroy, 1844; Joseph Olds, Circleville, 1844-1846; Rev. William Aiken, McConnelsville, 1846-1866; Rev. William Cox, Lancaster, 1846-1856; William H. Trimble, Hillsboro, 1846- 1849; Benjamin F. Hickman, Somerset, 1847-1849; Hon. Samuel F. Vinton, Gallipolis, 1848-1859; Hon. John Welch, Athens, 1S48; HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 283 Hon. Wm. P. Cutler, Chillicothe, 1849-1853; Hon. Leonidas Jewett, Athens, 1849-1881; Joseph M. Dana, Athens, 1851, died, 1881; Hon. Samuel B. Pruden, Athens County, 1851, died 1862; Dr. M. Z. Kreider, Lancaster, 1851, died 1855; Hon. Robert Wright, Logan, 1852; Horace Wilson, Columbus, 1853; Hon. John E. Hanna, McConnelsville, 1854; Rev. Wm. T. Hand, Marietta, 1854, died 1860; Hon. John McLean, LL. D., Cincinnati, 1856, died 1861; Hon. George M. Woodbridge, Marietta, 1857; Hon. Calvary Mor- ris, Athens, 1859, died 1871; Rev. J. M. Trimble, D. D.. Colum- bus, 1860-1876; Rev. B. N. Spahr, Columbus, 1861-1877; Rev. J. M. Leavitt , New York, 1861-1864; Hon. E. H. Moore, Athens, 1861; Wm. Waddle, M. D., Chillicothe, 1864; Hon. H. S. Bundy, Jackson, 1864; Hon. W. P. Johnson, M. D., Philadelphia, 1866; Hon. Bellamy Storer, Cincinnati, 1866, died 1875; Hon. R. De Steiguer, Athens, 1871; Hon. Thomas Ewing, Lancaster, 1875; Hon. G. W. Boyce, Cincinnati, 1875; Hon. W. W. Johnson, Iron- ton, 1876; Hon. John Hancock, Dayton, 1877; Hon. James W. Bannon, Portsmouth, 1881; Hon. Perry Wiles, Zanesville, 1882. Presidents. — Governor Edward Tiffin, ex-officio, 1804-1806; Gen- eral Joseph Buel, 1806-1808; Rev.JacobLindley, A.M., 1808-1822; Rev. James Irvine, A. M., ex-officio, 1822-1824; Rev. Robert G.Wil- son, D. D., ex-officio, 1824-1839; Rev.Wm. H. McGuffey, D. D., LL. D., ex-officio, 1839-1843; Hon. Calvary Morris, 1845-1847; Rev. Alfred Ryors, D. D., ex-officio, 1848-1852; Rev. Solomon Howard, D. D., LL. D., ex-officio, 1852-1872; Rev. William II. Scott, A. M., ex-officio, 1873. Secretaries. — Hon. ■ Dudley Woodbridge, 1804-1808; Henry Bartlett, 1S0S-1841; A. G. Brown, 1841-1853; Horace Wilson, 1853-1857; J. M.Dana, 1857-1881; R. De Steiguer, 1881. Treasurers. — Eliphaz Perkins, M. D., 1804-1807; Leonard Jew- ett, M. D., 1807-1808; Joseph B. Miles, 1808-1814; Hon. Eben- ezer Currier, 1814-1824; General John Brown, 1S24-1875; Hon. E. H. Moore, 1875. Auditors.— Henry Bartlett, 1813-1850; Wm. H. Bartlett, 1850, died 1855; Hon. Calvary Morris, 1855, died 1871; J. M. Dana, 1871-1881; L. M. Jewett, 1881. CHAPTER XIII. INCIDENTS OF TWENTY YEARS— A GROUPING OF FACTS AND A BUSINESS STATEMENT. Insane' Asylum — Its General History — A Barbecue — Light Guards — Crrr Hall — Temperance Movements — From 1829 to 1883 — A Challenge — The Whisky Insurrection, 1861 — Lynch- ing at Athens — Judge Lynch Decides to Hang a Murderer, and It is Done — Athens's Business Interests — Some Gen- eral Remarks — Business Houses and Enterprises — Banks — Gas Light Company — Telegraph — Officers of Athens, 1825- 1883. ATHENS ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE. Through the efforts of Dr. W. P. Johnson, Representative from Athens County, and other citizens, the State Legislature passed an act which was approved April 13, 1867, providing for the erection of an additional lunatic asylum. It directed the appointment by the Governor of three trustees, to select and purchase, or receive by gift or donation, a lot of land, not less than fifty nor more than loo acres, suitably located for the erection of an asylum to contain 400 patients. W. E. Davis, of Cincinnati, D. E. Gardner, ot Toledo, and Dr. C. McDermont, of Dayton, were appointed Trust- ees; a vacancy occurring in this committee, through the death of Dr. McDermont, E. H. Moore, of Athens, was appointed in his place. There were various competing points, and for some time the contest was sharp and close; but Athens finally secured the asylum. To carry the point, the citizens purchased and made a gift to the State of 150 acres of land, lying south of the town, known as the Coates farm. It is a magnificent site, overlooking the Hocking Valley, and presenting a fine view of the city on the opposite hill. The location was fixed by the trustees in August, 1867, and contracts let for the various parts of the work. About 18,500.000 bricks were used in its construction, all of which were made on the ground. (284) X 2tf?^.$3fr€SL+*r£y HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 285 The corner-stone of the asylum was laid on Thursday, Nov. 5, 1868. The day was delightful, and the people came pouring into Athens until the streets were thronged with those who had come to witness the event. The ceremonies were conducted by the Masonic order, not less than 1,000 members of the order, from various parts of the State, being present to participate in the exer- cises. The people of Athens had made every preparation for the reception, and a cordial and generous welcome was given to all. The procession formed at two o'clock, on Washington street, in the following order, and marched to the asylum grounds: 1st, Athens Brass Band; 2d, Choirs of the Methodist, Episcopal, and Presby- terian churches; 3d, Masons; 4th, Judges, mayor, members of town council, magistrates, county officers, etc.; 5th, Citizens on foot; 6th, Citizens in carriages; 7th, Citizens on horseback. This pro- cession was imposing in the extreme. General D. W. H. Day acted as Grand Marshal. Having arrived at the asylum grounds, the exercises of laying the corner-stone were performed by Howard Mathews, the Grand Mas- ter of the order in Ohio, assisted by the grand officers carrying the ^mblems of corn, wine and oil. Both vocal and instrumental music by the Athens Brass Band and the united choirs of the Methodist, Episcopal and Presbyterian churches added much to the pleasure of the occasion, while deep interest was manifested in the ceremonies as conducted by the Grand Lodge. The Grand Treas- urer made the following deposits in the corner-stone: Holy Bible; Constitution of Ohio and of all the States of the Union; names of members of the Fifty-eighth General Assembly of Ohio; names of State officers of Ohio; proceedings of the Grand Lodge of Ohio for 1807; laws of Ohio, 1867; programme of this day's proceedings; roll of members of Paramuthia Lodge,]S[o. 25; one copy of daily Cincin- nati Commercial; one copy of daily Cincinnati Gazette; one copy of daily Cincinnati Chronicle; one copy of weekly Enquirer; one copy of i^thens Messenger ; specimens of coins of the United States; a list of grand officers of Ohio Masons. After the ceremonies at the asylum, the procession moved to Athenseum Hall, where Past Grand Master Thrall delivered the oration. It was a beautiful and scholarly production, and was listened to with great attention. The asylum was completed and furnished 'for the reception of patients Jan. 1, 1874. The building was 853 feet in length in a straight line, and it is 4,072 feet around it. It is divided into an administration building, with two wings for patients at the sides, 286 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. and a series of buildings extending from it in the rear, for domes- tic and other purposes. The administration building is four stories in height, and comprises a front and rear divisions. The first in- cludes, on the first floor, an'entrance hall sixteen feet wide by fifty- five long, on each side of which are the offices of the superintendent, assistant physicians and steward, a general reception room for visit- ors, and the large stairways to the stories above. The second story of this division contains the apartments of the superintendent. The third and fourth stories comprise similar rooms for the other offi- cers of the institution. In the rear division of the administration building, a central hall twelve feet wide leads from the front to the rear, on either side of which are the passages to the patients' wards. In the basement of this division are placed the kitchens, scul- leries and other domestic rooms for the general household, and beneath these are cellars. On the first floor are the dining-room and kitchen of the officers, reception-rooms for friends of patients, and general store-rooms. On the second floor the central hall leads to the amusement room, 6Q x 42 feet, and twenty-eight feet in height, occupying bath second and third stories. Above this room, in the fourth story, is a room of similar size, sixteen feet high, designed for religious services. Besides these rooms, there are on each side of these stories two rooms for reading, sew- ing and other purposes, and on every floor bath-rooms. On either side of the administration building in the wings are the wards for patients. Each wing is of three stories high, except at the end, where a fourth story is placed over a part of the third section. Each wing is divided into three sections, connected to- gether, but receding in succession. Thus ten wards are made on each side, providing for the classification to that extent of each sex. Each ward contains a central corridor, fifteen feet wide, with the rooms opening into it on each side. In the center of the front part of each ward is the parlor, a handsome room 24 x 16, with bay window. A dining-room and associate dormitories, bath- rooms, lavatory and water-closets are attached to every ward. An iron stairway leads in every section from basement to attic, and communicates with each floor therein. The single bed-rooms are about 9 x 11 feet, and vary in height from twelve to fifteen feet. The associate dormitories vary in size from 10 x 20 to 20 x 20 feet. Under the wings is a basement connecting with the kitchens and basement of the administration building, in which is a railway for HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 287 the conveyance of food to the dumb-waiters of the dining-rooms of each ward, and the chambers for the steam coils and pipes connect- ing them to heat the wards above. In the rear of the adminis- tration building are the laundry and boiler-house. The connecting building contains a long corridor continuous with the central hall of the main edifice, having on one side eight rooms for domes- tic or other purposes. In the basement is a similar corridor, and also a passage for steam pipes, etc. Below this is the air duct for supplying air to steam coils of main building. The laundry build- ing has two stories and a basement, in the center of which is situ- ated the water-tower, sixty-eight feet high, containing four large iron tanks, capable of holding 8,000 gallonsof water. Still further in the rear is the boiler-house, in which are located the six boilers for heating purposes, the entire building being heated by steam. The asylum contains 544 rooms at present. The original cost of the building was about a half million dollars, but the present needs of thecount}' call for an addition that will probably cost $100,000. The visitor to the asylum cannot fail to be favorably impressed at the humane methods used in the treatment of the unfortunates and at the absence of prison-like surroundings. 13 nt few patients require seclusion, and these only at times. This, too, is the only form of mechanical restraint in use. Patients are encouraged, and in many cases required to take out-door exercise. In the last re- port of the able and efficient Superintendent, Dr. A. B. Richard- son, it is stated that the daily average for some months of ti who were given out-door walks, equaled half the number of patients in the asylum; and, as a rule, on every suitable day, scarcely a dozen males fail to get some form of out-door exer The reports show that at least one fourth of the whole number of patients, or an average of over 150, have been allowed the privilege of the grounds unattended. This exhibition of confidence in the integrity of the patients is found to operate well. It does much to remove the feeling of imprisonment which is often so de- pressing in its influence. The instances of misplaced confidence have been infrequent. During the past year, out of a total of over 250 persons who were accorded special privileges, but sixteen at- tempted to escape, and in not one of these cases did an}- bad results follow. Regular weekly religious services are held in the chapel, and opportunities are afforded the patients for social enjoyment Thurs- day evening of each week in the amusement hall. The health of 288 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the patients is remarkably good, the death-riBite being from two to three per month, out oi' a total number of 631 patients on the average at the asylum. OFFICERS, 1880. II. M. Horton, Pomeroy, President; John E. Hanna, McCon- nelsville, S. W". Pickering. Athens, George W. Boerstler, M. D., Lancaster, Theo. F. Davis, Marietta. Trustees; A. B. Richard- son, M. D., Superintendent; E. P. Cook, M. D., Asst. Physician; B. W. Pickering. M.. D., Asst. Physician; Robt. E. Hamblin, Steward; S. 0. Adams, Store-Keeper; Mrs. J. D. Richardson. Matron . UNION SOLDIERS' BARBECUE. One of the greatest days Athens ever saw was the 30th of August. 1S66, when a grand barbecue was held, by the ex-soldiers and citizens of Athens County. The barbecue had its origin in a desire to cement more firmly the relations existing between the citizens and survivors of the gallant band who for so long a time breasted the storm of battle for love of country. The day was propitious, and the town of Athens, the streets having been cleaned, never appeared in a neater dress. The streets were thoroughly policed from end to end. A train often cars came from the "West and two loaded trains from the East, bringing over 3,000 persons. But from every wagon-road came, not here and there a wagon, but a grand unorganized series of processions which had been formed spontaneously on the main thoroughfares from all the smaller roads and paths, and tinally culminated in the grand throng, which tilled every nook and corner of the town. Some 15,000 people came into Athens that day. The decorations were a leading feature. They were planned by the ladies with great taste and skill, and they with their own hands did most of the labor. Banners and streamers spanned the streets at all the principal corners, while an ingenious and beauti- ful arch from the court-house yard to the block opposite was the admiration of all. A rope was the main support of the arch, while smaller ropes beautifully decorated with evergreens formed the principal ornamentations. The likenesses of Generals Grant and Sherman and the mottoes "The Nation Honors her Defenders," and " Welcome, Brave Men, M occupied a place in the center. Nearly every place in town was decorated, some of them on a magnificent scale. BI8T0E1 OV BOOKING VALLEY. 289 The dinner was served on the college green, and was a great suc- Vast as was the hungry throng, there was enough for all to eal A good idea of the amount of edibles required can be ob- tained by perusing a few figures showing the amount of the con- tributions from one or two places. A.thens Township gave L38 pounds of bread, 26 pounds of butter, 280 pounde of mutton, 60 pounds of cheese, 20 chickens, 50 dozen pickles, 21 large cakes, 7 dozen tarts, 2S dozen small cakes, 167 pies and $600 in cash. About $200 ol this sum was invested in bread. Lodi Township brought 300 pounds of bread, 400 pounds of beef, 60 pounds of mutton, 20 chickens, 55 pounds of butter, 60 pounds . Pond, and lion. .Mr. Dundy (ot Jackson). The barbecue was pronounced a gram] success, and re- flected credit on all concerned. ATHENIAN LIGHT GUARDS. This military organization, the only one worthy of mention in Athens since the; war, was formed in the spring of 1878, with L. I'. Harper, Captain; John P. Dana, First Lieutenant, and 11. B. Stewart, Second Lieutenant. Three months after the organization. Captain Harper was elected Colonel and John P. Dana was elected Captain; II. I!. Stewart, First Lieutenant, and W. F. Scott, Second Lieutenant. In 1879 Captain Dana was appointed < c M' :u *termaster of the Eighteenth Regiment, O. NT. G., andH. B. Stewart was elected Captain; W. F. Scott, First Lieutenant, and Chas. W. Potter, Sec- ond Lieutenant. In L88J Stewartand Potter resigned when W. F. Scott was elected Captain; C. W. Harris, Rirst Lieutenant, and H. T. Hoyt, Second Lieutenant. The first year of the company's existence it was a detached company. The second year it was made Company C, of the Eighteenth Regiment, O. X. G., and remained so until the following year when the Eighteenth and Second Regiments were consolidated and continued under the name of the Second Regiment, of which the A. L. G. still formed Company C. The in 290 HISTORY OP HOCKING VALLEY. company averaged about forty-five members, were well uniformed, and armed by the State with breech-loading rifles. The com- pany's band, also organized from Athens, was in 1879 detailed as a regimental band, at which time it was enlarged to about twenty-five pieces, being an unusually fine military band, of which A. B. Lowry was leader. The company went into camp each year of its existence at Marietta in 1878 and 1S79; at Cambridge in 18S0, and at Barnesville in 1881. It was a well-drilled company, being above the average in proficiency. Among the evidences of the appreciation in which it was held by the public was the presentation of a fine silk banner in 1S78 by the ladies of Athens. CITY HALL. The construction of the fine town hall of Athens was begun in the summer of 1874, Henry O'Bleness being the contracting architect. The following extracts from the plans are given: " Front- age on Washington street, fifty -four feet; depth, 104 feet; height, two stories; first story thirteen feet in the clear, second story, twenty- five feet. A corridor thirteen feet in width extends through the building, on each side of which corridor are three apartments suit- able for offices, with large closets attached." The postofnee is located in two of the east rooms. Two broad flights of stairs as. cend from the front entrance to the second story, and one staircase ascends from the rear of the building to the rear of the stage. These latter stairs are designed for private use. The entire height of the structure to the top of the cupola, in which latter is a fine town clock, with four faces, is 102 feet. The hall on the second floor, designed for public occasions, is fifty-one feet wide, seventy feet in length, and twenty-five feet in height. The stage is 16 x 26 feet,with a private apartment 12x14 on each side. The seating capacity of the hall is from 500 to 000. The corner-stone was laid Monday, Aug. 24, 1S74, with im- posing ceremonies by the Masonic order, witnessed by a large con- course of people both from home and abroad. The following articles were deposited within the stone: One copy each of the Cincinnati Commercial, Gazette, Times and En- quirer,' the Athens Messt tiger and Journal, the Nelsonville Miner; the Prohibition Era, Western Christian Advocate, Masonic Re- view and Wooster Republican ; specimens of the several denomina- tions of fractional currency; a one dollar note on the State Bank of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 291 Ohio, Athens Branch; a two dollar U. S. note and silver half dol- lar of 1874 ; roll of officers of the Athens Masonic bodies and of the Grand Lodge of Ohio, and municipal officers of Athens. This hall was completed in the spring of 1875, and opened formally June 8. fc TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT. The warfare between King Alcohol and the friends of temper- ance has been waged constantly for forty years with varying suc- cess. A detailed history of the temperance work will not bo attempted here, but it is deemed fitting to notice some of the prin cipal agitations. The first temperance movement of record is found in a sermon preached on that subject by the Rev. Robert G. "Wilson, Jan. 22, 1829. This sermon was published in full in the Athens Mirror of that date. A society was formed, of which Dr. Wilson was President, the Rev. John Spaulding, Vice-President, and Prof. Joseph Dana Secretary, and a pledge was kept at the Mirror office for signatures The movement was pushed with great earnestness and success by the good men who inaugurated it, and doubtless there was suffi- cient need of reform. Some of the seed sown fell on good ground in Ames Township, and blossomed forth into the following unique advertisement, which appeared in the Mirror of April 25, 1829 : " A CHALLENGE. " ATTENTION GROG DRINKERS ! ! " SAMUEL L. MOHLER, of Ames Township, having been for sixteen years in the constant habit of drinking, and getting drunk on an average as often as once a month, has resolved to refrain en- tirely from the practice in future; and as a test of his sincerity, he offers to pledge the new wood work to a good wagon against any property of equal value that he will refrain from drinking ar- dent spirits longer than any other man who has been in the habit an equal or half the length of time ; provided both live to make the trial. Any person disposed to take him up can give notice to that effect. "April 10, 1829." Whether this interesting challenge was ever accepted or not is not known. 292 HISTORY OF BOOKING VALLEY. The Washingtonian movement, which started in the East about the year 1848, became very popular throughout Athens County. In July, 1848, there were seven of this order organized and at work in this county, as follows : Philos Adelphos Division, No. 129, located at Athens; McArthurstown Division, No. 210, at Mc- Arthur, now Vinton County; Ainesville Division, No. 277, at Amesville; Hebbardsville Division, No. 296, at Hebbardsville; Nelsonville Division, No. 415, at Nelsonville; Albany Division, No. 487, at Albany; and Savannah Division, No. 485, at Savannah. " THE CRUSADE/' The famous temperance "crusade" produced much excitement in Athens. The initial step here was a meeting held in the Pres- byterian church Feb. 6, 1874, when a "Woman's Temperance League " was organized. Mrs. Angie C. Brown was elected Presi- dent, Mrs. Jamee L. Ballard and Mrs. Lewis Steenrod, Vice-Presi- dents, and Mrs. Angele C. Davis, Secretary. Daily prayer-meetings were held for some time. A number of pledges were prepared and circulated. The first was a pledge for the members, de- claring lasting warfare on all kinds of liquor dealing. A pledge of total abstinence was signed by many citizens, binding for one year, and another binding for life. Still another pledge Tor the citizens was one promising aid and sympathy to the women in their work. The " property -holders' pledge" promised that the signers would not lease any property for use in connection with the liquor traffic. The physicians' and druggists' pledges promised not to prescribe or sell liquor for medicine except when absolutely necessary. Most of these pledges were liberally signed. Tuesday, Feb. 10, a meeting was held in the Methodist church, when acall was made for volunteers to go upon the street and person- ally appeal to the druggists and saloonkeepers. Two thirds of the ladies present volunteered for this duty, and the rest o\' the ladies with a number of gentlemen remained in the church to pray. The crusaders went forth to visit the places where liquors were sold in the town, and, by singing and praying, endeavored to induce the proprietors to give up their business. All such places were visited, but the object in view was attained only with a few. Various promises were secured, but when the excitement subsided the town was but little better off in this respect than before. Nel- sonville and other places in the county had a similar experience. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 293 MURPHY MOVEMENT. The well known "Murphy movement" of 1877 reached Athens May 9, of that year. A scries of meetings was held, beginning with that date, which almost carried Athens by storm. In ten days 1,000 signatures to the pledge were received. The meetings were attended by immense crowds. These meetings were held in the city hall, except a mass meeting on the college green, held on Saturday, May 19. Much good was doubtless effected by these meetings, but still the enthusiasm was comparatively short lived. Meetings were for a time held almost constantly all over the county, and several thousand persons were pledged to total abstinence. WHISKY INSURRECTION. On the last day of the session of. the Legislature, in the spring of 1861, a law was passed by an almost, if not quite, unanimous vote, prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors within two miles of any encampment of soldiers, and authorizing the officers of the military, as well as civil officers, under certain circumstances, to destroy the liquor. This law was soon enforced in Athens. On the night of Wednesday, May 22, some of the recruits in Camp Jewett found the means of leaving the camp, and after visiting the grog shops of the town, were prepared to play the soldier on their own account. Mistaking gate posts for rebel officers, and the pickets for secession armies, they charged upon the foe, and when victory perched upon their banners there were fewer front fences in Athens than before. Of course astir was created in town, and no less a one in camp. It was soon ascertained where the liquor had been obtained, and a squad of soldiers, with muskets and bay- onets, were detailed to " execute the law." And they did execute the law with summary promptness. From shanty to saloon, and from doggery to hotel, the squad marched, and in their trail flowed, if not blood, streams of very bad whisky. This summary execution of a wise law was repeated in a milder manner, Aug. -1, 1861. The Eighteenth Infantry was at that time rendezvousing at Camp Wool, at Athens, for reorganization, under the supervision of Major C. H. Grosvenor. Certain "liquor shan- ty" proprietors on the outskirts of town were on several occasions ordered not to sell liquor to the soldiers, but this prohibition was persistently disregarded. Accordingly , early on the morning of 20i HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the date above mentioned, Major Grosvenor appeared on the streets with a squad of soldiers, and accompanied by " Cart " Da- vis with his horse and dray, proceeded to gather up the whisky from the different places whore it was kept for sale. Several Loads of whisky were thus captured, and placed under lock and key. LYNCHING IN ATHENS ! The greatest event in the criminal history of Athens County was the crime and punishment of Christopher C. Davis, a mulatto, in the fall of L881. Davis was a farm-hand who had been working in the vicinity of Albany. He had done some Work for and was acquainted with a widow. Mrs. Lucinda Luckey by name, a most estimable lady of about fifty-two years of ago. Betweeu eight and nine o'clock on Saturday evening, Oct. 29, L881, Davis went to Mrs. Luckey 's house, which was in an isolated situation, and made indecent proposals to her, which were indignantly repelled. She succeeded in inducing him to quit the house, but he returned again at midnight and broke into the house with an ax. Without a word he assaulted the poor woman, who stood near the doorway, wild with terror, striking her in the face and choking her to the floor. It is supposed that he then forcibly outraged her person. Ai'ter accomplishing this hellish purpose betook the ax to com- plete his deadly work, and struck her with it about the head several times, fracturing the frontal and parietal bones of the skull, and cutting frightful gashes, portions of the scalp and the integu- ments of the head being torn completely off. Mrs. Luckey lay unconscious tor several hours, but in the early morning managed to make her way to a neighbor's house, ami tell her terrible story. She finally recovered. Davis was arrested and taken before the Justice at Albany, who bound him over to court in the sum of $300. lie was taken to Athens and imprisoned there. But when the enormity ot the crime charged against him became known, there were mutterings and threats ot' vengeance both loud and deep, which induced Sheriff Warden to remove him to Chillicothe for safe keeping. Alter a time, when the excitement had apparently subsided, he was brought back to the Athens jail. Between one and two o'clock on the morning of Monday, Nov. 21, L881, a band of about thirty armed men from the vicinity ot' Albany and- other parts of the county made their appearance in Athens for the purpose of hanging Davis. They wore thoroughly BISTORT OF HOCKING VALLEY. 295 organized, and used great care in their operations. They stationed guards at the residence of Marshal Scott, at the Brown House, where it was supposed Deputy Sheriff Sands roomed, at the churches and city hall, so that no alarm could be given by the ringing of bells. Thej then proceeded to the residence of the sheriff, overpowered him, got into the jail, and finding Davis, placed a rope around his neck, and the crowd proceeded to the South Bridge. Davis at first maintained his innocence, but finally confessed. lie was given three minutes to pray, and then, the rope being fastened, was cast off the bridge. Watching him till life was extinct, the crowd then quietly dispersed. The testimony before the grand jury did not show who were the leaders in this summary execution, and no one has ever been brought to justice for complicity in it. In fact, public sympathy was so strong that little effort was made to investigate the facts. A.THENS BUSINESS [NTEEE8TS. in the business interests of Athens can be seen better than in any other way her actual growth and true progress. For years her growth was slow, her business languishing. This was while she had no outlet to the busy world, but was surrounded by her ever- lasting hills, which looked down serenely upon the gem which rested so quietly upon the bosom of the valley below. The first impulse or movement which gave life to her sluggish nature, for it was becoming such from long inactivity, was the completion of the Hocking Valley Canal. It was the end of water route, and as such she received much business. She was the shipping point for quite an extensive scope of country, which gave her quite a name as a business point. It did not much, as the census shows, increase the population, but her mercantile class received a wonderful increase to their business, and one they welcomed most heartily. On the completion of the Marietta & Cincinnati Railway, the Hocking Valley and the Ohio Central, she had been placed in a commanding position, and her trade has advanced most rapidly. The isolated town among the hills is assuming a commercial look, and it will not be long before her business interests will be, like her University and Asylum, something that people can point to with pride. ix 1819. The record of the above year of Athens's business interests shows that she had five general stores, three taverns, and the Ohio Uni- 296 HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. versity, one of the most celebrated seminaries in the State, and the Hocking River. There was also stated that there were live prac- ticing physicians in the county. From that date the town grew, and further arrivals and a more extended business gathered within her limits, but the next record found was after a lapse of nearly a half a century. 1866. It was not until 1866 that another statement was found of the business interests of Athens, and the contrast between that and 1S19 is certainly great; while taking the half century that had passed into consideration, the city had nothing whatever to be proud of. A far greater contrast will be found between 1866 and 1883. One other point in this last growth of seventeen years: It has not only grown in the number and variety of its business houses, but the old firms have in many instances trebled and quad- rupled their sales. One house in Athens now does a larger busi- ness than all in 1819, and has a fair margin over. There can be ten business houses of 1883 selected that would, in amount of their sales, exceed the combined mercantile interests of 1866. It is this business growth which has exceeded the increase of popula- tion. The statistics of 1866 are given below: There were 21S dwelling houses, 2 tanneries, 2 grist-mills in op- eration besides one out of repair, 2 spinning and weaving facto- ries, 2 carding machines, 2 wagon and buggy shops, 4 blacksmith shops, 13 carpenters, 2 coopers, 2 tinshops, 2 hardware stores. 2 drug stores, 2 book and stationery stores, 1 tobacconist, 2 butchers, 4 fresh meat sellers, 2 bakeries, 1 general land agency, 1 planing mill. 3 coal merchants, 2 salt works, 1 company sinking shaft for coal, 3 hotels, 2 barber shops, I express company, 1 telegraph of- fice, 5 plasterers, 1 clothing store, 5 dry-goods stores, 2 boot and shoe stores, 2 silversmiths, 5 groceries, 1 huckster shop, 4 saloons, 2 millinery shops, 2 saddle and harness shops, 2 tailor shops, 2 draymen, 2 warehouses, 1 foundry and machine shop, 3 livery sta- bles, 1 stage-coach line, 7 lawyers, 7 doctors, 1 bank, 2 churches (Methodist ami Presbyterian), jail and count}' buildings, -i passen- ger and 4 freight trains arriving and departing daily, I printing office, 1 fancy sign-painter, 2 house-painters, 2 dentists, I univer- sity with large and commodious buildings, a large and one of the finest anion school-houses in Ohio, and "an old court-house." There have been some changes in Athens since that time, and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. L y, .»7 decidedly for the better. The last item of the above was undoubt- edly a sore spot to the chronicler, "An old court-house." lia seemed to have an utter contempt for the '* old affair," and yet it rang with as much eloquence, and the law had as many great ex- pounders as ever will the new. There are no doubt brainy men at the bar <»t* Athens to-day, hut somehow their reputation is not national and they but till a State and local field. So we will drop a parting tear to the "old court-house," to Tom Ewing and his compeers, before the old love is thrown off for the new. Ill SINE6S DIEE< TOEY. Adams' Express Company, Frank Falloon, agent; B. F. Addle- man, photograph artist; Robert Arscott, brickmaker; Athens Gae Light Company, J. M. Welch, President, W. II. Harris, Secretary; Athens Water Wheel and Machine (Jo., J). B. Stewart, I 'resident, II. R. Mathias, Secretary; G. W. Baker, general insurance agent; Bank of Athens, James D. Brown, Cashier; First National Bank, A. Norton, President, I). II. Moore, Jr., Cashier; W. I). Bartlett, hardware ; Bayard, TJllura & Co., hardware; E.C. Berry, restaurant; E. T. Bingman, musical instruments and sewing machines; Thomas Bradford, barber shop; W. II. Brown & Co., wholesale groceries; T. W. Woodyard, proprietor Brown Eouse; Brown & BLoone, attorneys at law; W. R. Calkins & Bro., hardware; Wm. Caven, blacksmith; Pl. E. Constable, attorney at law; John Cornell, pro- prietor Cornell House; Jesse Cornell, restaurant; D..C. Cornwell, jewelry and silverware; Cushman Crippen, blacksmith; Dana & Ivaler, dry goods and clothing; De Steiguer & Jewett, attorneys at law; G. A. Dille, dentist; II. K. Dorr, drug- and medicines, two stores; I )avid Dyson, boots and shoes; David Edgar, brick-maker; J. E. Edmundson, dentist; Falloon & O'Bleness, furniture manu- facturers and dealers in lumber and building materials; James Far- rell, meat market; F. Fensel, brick-maker and saloon keeper; Frank E. Foster, groceries; W. B. Foster, livery stable; A. B. Frame, physician and Burgeon; J. A. Frame, physician and sur- geon; James 15. Fulton, groceries; Elmer Golden, groceries; G. L. Gorslene, physician and surgeon; Frank Gibbs, barber shop; F. P. Graham, photograph artiat; James Grim, livery stable; Grosvenor & Jones, attorneys at law; Henry Eagy, saloon; [saac Half, furniture; Frederick Ileisner, tobacco and cigars; ('. P. Een- derson, drugs and medicines; the Athens Herald, published by the Herald Company, edited by L. C. Butler; Henry Herrold, flour- 29S HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. ing mill; T. J. Herrold & Co., groceries; Judiah Higgins, harness and saddles; C. C. Holmes, bakery and confectionery; The Athens Journal, published and edited by Jennie Jones; P. Kern ifc Son, boots and shoes; .fames King, blacksmith; F. M. Koons, grocer and dealer in lumber and building material; Kurtz & Minear, books, jewelry, stationery and wall paper; Justin Laird & Co., carriage manufacturers, and dealers in carriages, wagons, farming implements, harness, whips, etc.; E. R. Lash, drugs and medicines; H. M. Lash, physician and surgeon; A. Love, Bakery; W. F. Mann, saloon; J. Maxey, gunsmith; C. McLean, jewelry; W. F. Scott, agent M. & C. R. R. and Express Co. ; Gus. Mensler, meat market : The Athens Messenger, published and edited by C. E. M. Jen- nings; Mintun & Fuller, groceries; M. P. Murphy, cigars, tobacco and sample room; Henry Nelson, dry goods and cloth- ing; Pickering & Walsh, groceries; S. Pickering, cigar manu- factory; T. M. D. Pilcher, furniture; W. II. Potter, restaurant; John Ring, meat market; A. L. Roach & Son, groceries; F. S. & H. M. Roach, Jr., groceries; Harvey M. Roach, grocer ies; R. "W". Roach, groceries; F. Roth, tannery; Cyrus Rose, harness and saddles; Ryan & Bell, groceries; Jacob Snaffle r, merchant tailor; Chas. P. Shutt, carriage manufactory, dealer in carriages, wagons, etc; Singer Sewing Machine Co., sewing- machines and fixtures; Albert Sloan, tobacco, cigars and jewelry; O. B. Sloan, dry goods; Sam. Sommers, dry goods; W. 11. Statey, boots and shoes; D. B. Stewart, flouring mill; H. S. Stinson, physician and surgeon; Emmett Tompkins, at- torney at law; Townsend & Sleeper, attorneys at law; E. L. "\\ alker, boots and shoes; G. R. Walker, books and stationery; J. II. Walker, undertaker; C. H. Warden & Bros., produce shippers; Granville C. Brown, proprietor Warren House; J. E. Weidman, cigar manufactory; C. S. Welch, attorney at law; Welch & Welch, attorneys at law; Western Union Telegraph Co., Mrs. Ella Guerin, operator; James West, barber shop; John West, barber shop;* Mrs. M.C.White, milliner; J. O. Whipple, groceries; Wilson & Morse, marble works; C. II. Winger, con- fectioneries, cigars and tobacco; Wood & Wood, attorneys at law; D. Zenner & Co., dry goods and clothing; one new court- house; one new city hall and postoffice; Ohio University with additional building; an insane asylum; one tine public school building. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 299 I5ANK8. The first bank in Athens, and the first in the Hocking Valley, except at Lancaster, was the Athens branch of the State Bank ot Ohio, established in 1848. For the purpose of forming this bank, a number of citizens met at the court-house May 17 of that year, over which meeting Ezra Stewart presided. Articles of association were adopted and signed by the forty-nine stock-holders. The capital stock was $100,000, divided into 1,000 shares of $100 each. This was the minimum amount which the law of 1845 allowed to be used as the capital of a branch of the State Bank. The following nine gentlemen were chosen as the Directors of the bank: John Ballard, John Welch, Ezra Stewart, A. B. Walker, Joseph M.. Dana, Leonidas Jewett, Douglas Putnam, Samuel Pickering, and Joseph K. Will. John Welch, of Athens, was elected President; Charles II. Cornwell, previously Teller of a bank«at Chillicothe, was chosen Cashier, at a salary of $800; and Enos Stimson, Jr., of Athens, was named as Teller, at a salary of $500. The cashier's bond was fixed at $20,000, and the teller's at $10,000. The bank was located in a brick building erected by Pickering & Carley, opposite the court-house, and began business in the latter part of duly, 1848. John Ballard was chosen President for 1849, and held the office as long as the bank existed as a branch of the State Bank. Mr. Corn- well resigned in December, 1S50, and John U. Crawford was chosen Cashier in his place. lie remained six years, and was succeeded by L. H. Stewart in ls57. Mr. Stewart's health failing him, he was obliged to leave in 1863, after which time A. G. Brown was the Cashier. The year 1803, in which was passed the law provid- ing for National banks, brought a revolution in banking, and the State banks gave way to the banks of the present day. The First National Bank of J.^/k?«.? was the natural successor of the Athens Branch of the State Bank, and was organized Dec. 29, 1863, with a capital stock of $50,000, divided into 500 shares, the first owners of which were as follow.-: Noah L. Wilson, of Chillicothe, 62; John Welch, of Athens, 19; John Ballard, of Ath- ens, 110; Eliakim II. Moore, of Athens, 40; Archibald G. Brown, of Athens, 100; Douglas Putnam, of Marietta, 50; Charles B. Hall, of Marietta,.'!; David C. Skinner, of Marietta, 50; Milbury M. Greene, of Athens, 15. The Directors first chosen were, N. L. Wilson, John Welch, John Ballard, E. II. Moore, J. C. Skinner. Douglas Putnam, and A. G. Brown. E. JL Moore was elected 300 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. President, a position he retained until January, 1879, when A. Norton became President. A. G. Brown was Cashier until 1868, when he was succeeded by Thomas H. Sheldon. Mr. Sheldon resigned in 1882, and since Jan. 1, 18S3, the position has been held by David II. Moore. David Kessinger was Teller from 1868 to 1S76, in September ot which year D. H. Moore was elected Teller. On Mr. Moore's being promoted to Cashier, John J. Welch became the Teller. The present Board of Directors consists of A. Norton, J. M. Welch, E. EL Moore, A. G. Brown, Emmett Tompkins, J. M. Goodspeed, and E. W. Nye. The charter of the bank was renewed Feb. 24, 1SS3. The capital stock was some time since increased to $75,000. Since the establishment of the bank, it has declared over $80,000 in dividends. The Bank of Athens. — Messrs. John Brown and James D. Brown started in the banking business in Albany in 1867, under the firm name of John Brown & Son. In October of the following year they removed, with their business, to Athens, where their bank has since been known as the "Bank of Athens." The elder Mr. Brown died in October, 1875, since which time the business has been con- ducted by Mr. J. D. Brown. Mr. R. H. Stewart was with the bank as Teller for about ten years, leaving in July, 1S82. Charles W. Harris, the present Teller, entered the bank in January, 1876. W. B. Golden entered the bank in August, 18S2. The bank of Athens has until this year (1883) occupied one of the oldest buildings ot the village, having been built in 1812. This has been taken down, and at the present writing Mr. Brown is erecting a new building 38x16 feet, with an L 18x19 on the same corner. The banking- room will be 18 x 26; private office 10 x 11. ATHENS GAS-LIGHT COMPANY. This company was organized as a joint stock company in 1872, its object being the manufacture of gas for lighting the city. The original capital was $30,000. The facilities were all completed for operation in the fall of 1873, since which time gas has been used for lighting the streets, also the public and private buildings of the city. The original directors of the company were : John Ballard, G. T. Gould, C. II. Grosvenor, D. B. Stewart and L. W. Brown, John Ballard being President and L.W. Brown, Secretary. The present Directors are : J. M. Welch, D. B. Stewart, A. W. rilum, Emmett Tompkins and W. D. Bartlett. J. M. Welch is HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 301 President and W. H. Harris, Secretary. This company has also built up a large trade in lime and cement in which, at present, they are the leading dealers in the city. TELEGRAPH LINES. The first telegraph line which passed through Athens City was that of the New Orleans & Ohio Telegraph Company. The first message received at Athens was on Oct. 6, 1848, and the line is still a public institution for private profit. The Pomeroy & Athens line was the next which opened for business, in January, 1S59. OFFICERS OF THE TOWN OF ATHENS. The records of the town, from the date of incorporation, 1811, to that of 1825, inclusive, were lost. The latter year, how- ever, it was known that James Oilman was President of the Council, and Joseph B. Miles, Recorder. The election for town officers, March 0, 1826, gave a total poll of forty-three votes, and the following persons were elected mem- bers of the Town Council, viz.: Thomas Brice, by thirty -four votes; Columbus Bierce, by thirty-four votes; Ebenezer Currier, by thirty- one votes; John Brown, Jr., by thirty-three votes, and Joseph B- Miles, by twenty-three votes. The following town officers were elected : Samuel Knowles. Marshal; Eben Foster, Supervisor; A. G. Brown, Treasurer; Calvary Morris, Collector; John Gill- more, Assessor. The council elected Ebenezer Currier, President, and Joseph B. Miles, Recorder. March 5, 1827. — Charles Shipman, Columbus Bierce, John Brown, Jr., Thomas Brice and Isaac Taylor were elected Council- men; William "W. Bierce, Marshal; John Gillmore, Assessor; James J. Fuller, Collector; A. G. Brown, Treasurer; Eben Foster, Supervisor. The council elected Columbus Bierce, President, and John Brown, Jr., Recorder for the ensuing j-ear. March 10,1828. — An election was held, pursuant to an act of the Legislature, passed Jan. 24, 1828, entitled '-an act to incorporate the t>»wn of Athens, in the county of Athens." Nine councilmen were chosen, whose term of office was afterward decided by lot, as follows, viz.: Joseph Dana, Thomas Brice and Jeremiah Olnev. to serve three years; Isaac Barker, John Gillmore and Amos Crip- pen, to serve two years; and Fbenezer Currier, Eliphaz Perkins and Norman Root, to serve one year. The council elected of their 302 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLE1. own number, Joseph Dana, Mayor, and Norman Root, Recorder; and they appointed from the citizens, A. G. Brown, Treasurer; John McGill, Marshal; John Porter, Surveyor of wood and lum- ber, and William Golden, Clerk of the market. March 9, 1829. — Joseph Dana was elected Mayor; Ebenezer Currier, Calvary Morris and Norman Root, Councilmen; and John McGill, Marshal. Norman Root was chosen Recorder for the ensuing year; A. G. Brown, Treasurer, and John Porter, Surveyor of wood and lumber. The mode of electing the mayor and marshal had been changed by an act of the Legislature, passed Feb. 2S, 1829, which made these officers elective by the people, instead of by the Town Council. March 8, 1830. — John Gillmore, Amos Crippen and Isaac Barker were elected to the Town Council, for three years, and John Perkins for one year; Joseph Dana was elected Mayor, and John Sampson, Marshal. Norman Root was appointed Recorder, John Porter, Surveyor of wood and lumber, and Dr. A. V. Med- ial rv, Treasurer. March 14, 1831. — Joseph Dana, Thomas Brice and John Per- kins were elected Councilmen; Joseph Dana was elected Mayor, and John Sampson, Marshal. The Council appointed Norman Root, Recorder; Dr. A. V. Medbnry, Treasurer, and Win. D. Bart- lett, Surveyor of wood and lumber for ensuing year. March 12, 1832.— Hull Foster, Win. D. Bartlett and Francis Beardsley were elected Councilmen; John Gillmore, Mayor, and Thomas Francis, Marshal. The Council appointed Thomas Brice, Recorder, and Dr. Medbury, Treasurer. March 11, 1833.— Samuel Miller, Oliver Childs and Isaac N. Norton were elected Councilmen; Samuel Miller, Mayor, and John Sampson, Marshal. Joseph Dana was appointed Recorder, and Dr. Medbury, Treasure! 1 . March 10, 1831. — Thomas Francis, A. B. Walker and Charles Cunningham were elected Councilmen; Samuel Miller, Mayor, and John Sampson, Marshal. A. B. Walker was appointed Recorder, for the ensuing year, and Dr. Medbury, Treasurer. March 9, 1835. — Norman Root, James J. Fuller and Francis Beardsley were elected Councilmen; Samuel Miller, Mayor, and John Sampson, Marshal. Edgar P. Jewett was appointed Treas- urer, and A. B. Walker, Recorder, for the ensuing year. March 14, 1836. — I. N. Norton, John AVelch and Leonidas Jewett were elected Councilmen; I. N. Norton, Mayor, and Cyrus HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 303 Gibson, Marshal. John Welch was appointed Recorder, and P. S. Baker, Treasurer. March 13, 1837.— Henry Bartlett, John N. Dean, Cephas Car- penter and Thomas Francis were elected Conncilmen; Henrv Bartlett, Mayor, and Samuel Miller, Marshal. Norman Root, appointed Recorder, and P. S. Baker, Treasurer. Record of 1838 missing. March 11, 1839. — John Brown, Jr., H. R. Gillmore and Cephas Carpenter were elected Conncilmen for three years, and Norman Root, Robert McCabe and Francis Beardsley, for two- years. John Brown, elected Mayor, and Dr. C. Bierce, Marshal. Norman Root appointed Recorder, and P. S. Baker, Treasurer. March 9, 1810. -P. S. Baker, John N. Dean and Cephas Car- penter, were elected Councilmen; John Brown, Mayor, and I. K. Norton, Marshal. Norman Root appointed Recorder, and A. B. Walker, Treasurer. March 8, 1841. — James J. Fuller, E. Cockerill and Enos Stim- son, were elected Counciimen; John Brown, Mayor, and Benja- min Brown, Marshal. Enos Stimson appointed Recorder, and A. B. Walker, Treasurer. March 14, 1842. — Leonidas Jewett, Norman Root and J. L. Cur- rier were elected Councilmen; Norman Root, Mayor, and John Sampson, Marshal. Enos Stimson appointed Recorder, and A. B. Walker, Treasurer. March 13, 1843. — John Brown, Ezra Stewart and Francis Beards- ley were elected Councilmen; John Brown, Mayor, and Jacob C. McCabe, Marshal. March 11, 1844. — John Ballard, Cephas Carpenter, Sumner Bartlett and Dr. Win. Blackstone were elected Conncilmen; John Brown, Mayor, and William Smith, Marsha 1 . Leonidas Jewett appointed Recorder, and Benjamin Brown, Treasnrer. Record of 1845, missing. March 1', 1846. — Ezra Stewart, Francis Beardsley and John Brown elected Conncilmen for three years; Sumner Bartlett, Win. R. Smith and J. W. Bayard for two years; John Brown, Mayor, and Abel Stedman, Marshal. J. W. Bayard appointed Recorder. and O. W. Brown, Treasnrer. March 8, 1847. — John Ballard, Dr. Win. Blacks.one and Cephas Carpenter were elected Councilmen; John Brown. Mayor, and Abel Stedman, Marshal. J. W. Bayard appointed Recorder, and O. W. Brown, Treasurer. 30-1 HISTORY OF HOCKING TALLEY. March 13, 1848.— Samuel Miller, Win. R. Smith and Joseph Jewett were elected Councilmen; Samuel Miller, Mayor, and Win. H. Abbott, Marshal. Joseph Jewett appointed Recorder, and O. W. Brown, Treasurer. March, 12, 1819. — John Brown, Andrew Kessinger and Wm. "Walker were elected councilmen; John Brown, Mayor, and Abel Stedman, Marshal. Joseph Jewett appointed Recorder, and O. W. Brown, Treasurer. March, 11, 1850. — Joseph M. Dana, Lot L. Smith and Samuel Pickering were elected Councilmen; Samuel Miller, Mayor, and Abel Stedman, Marshal. Joseph Jewett appointed Recorder, and Leonidas Jewett, Treasurer. March, 10, 1851. — John Brown, Joseph M. Dana, Andrew Kes- singer, E. P. Talpey and Wm. Walker, Councilmen; Samuel Miller, Mayor; Joseph Jewett, Recorder, and Leonidas Jewett, Treas- urer. March 10, 1852.— Wm. Walker, Norman Root. John B. Paul, Samuel Miller, J. M. Dana, Councilmen; John Brown, Mayor; Joseph Jewett, Recorder, and L. Jewett, Treasurer. April 14, 1853.— John Brown, Samuel Miller, John B. Paul, Joseph Jewett, Win. Walker, Councilmen; Norman Root, Mayor; J. M. Dana, Recorder, and L. Jewett, Treasurer. April 15, 1854. — John Brown, Wm. Walker, H. K. Blackstone, D. M. Clayton, Henry T. Hoyt, Councilmen; Norman Root, .Mayor; J. M. Dana, Recorder; and L. Jewett, Treasurer. April, 1855. — Henry T. Iloyt, Jesse Davis, J. Lawrence Currier, J. C. Frost, N. H. Yan Yorhes, Councilmen; Norman Root, Mayor; J. M. Dana, Recorder; L. Jewett, Treasurer. April, 1856. — II. K. Blackstone, Wm. P. Kessinger, Oliver W. Pickering, L. Jewett, E. H.Moore, Councilmen; Norman Root, Mayor; J. M. Dana, Recorder; L. Jewett, Treasurer. April, 1857.— Lot L. Smith, H. K. Blackstone, Wm. P. Kes- singer, Geo. W. Baker, O. W. Pickering, Councilmen; Norman Root, Mayor; J. M. Dana, Recorder; II. K. Blackstone, Treas- urer. April, 1858.— Henry T. Hoyt, N. II. Van Yorhes, Lot L. Smith, Hiram R. Crippen, Thomas Davis, Councilmen; N. Root, Mayor; J. M. Dana, Recorder; II. T. Hoyt, Treasurer. April, 1859.— II. T. Hoyt, L. L. Smith, Charles H. Grosvenor, Thomas Davis, Hiram R. Crippen, Councilmen; X. Root, Mayor; J. M. Dana, Recorder; H. T. Hoyt, Treasurer. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 305 April, I860.— L. Jewett, W. P. Johnson, H. T. Hoyt, Win. Gol- den, Rufus P. Crippen, Councilmen; X. Root, Mayor; F. II. Sted- man, Recorder; II. T. Hoyt, Treasurer. April, 1861.— L. Jewett, W. P. Johnson, II. T. Hoyt, Win. Gol- den, II. S. Stimson, Councilmen; X. Root, Mayor; F. II. Sted- man, Recorder; II. T. Hoyt, Treasurer. April, 1862.— II. T. Hoyt, Wm. Golden, E. II. Moore, Josephus Tucker, E. C. Crippen, Councilmen; X. Root, Mayor; F. H. Sted- man, Recorder; 11. T. Hoyt, Treasurer. April, 1863.— II. T. Hoyt, E. C. Crippen, Josephus Tucker, Charles P. Ballard, Jesse Davis, Councilmen; N. Root, Mayor; F. IL Stedman, Recorder; II. T. Hoyt, Treasurer. April, 1861.— Abner Cooley, A. D. Brown, II. K. Blackstone, Josephus Tucker, R. P. Crippen, Councilmen; Joseph M. Dana, Mayor; Simeon W. Pickering, Recorder; A. D. Brown, Treas- urer. April, 1865.— Jesse Van Law, X. H. Van Vorhes, II. K. Black- stone, Elmer Golden, A. D. Brown, Councilmen; J. M. Dana, Mayor; S. W. Pickering, Recorder; A. D. Brown, Treasurer. April, 1866.— A. D. Brown, II. K. Blackstone, J. W. Harris, X. H. Yan Vorhes, Jesse Van Law, Councilmen; J. M. Dana, Mayor; S. W. Pickering, Recorder; A. M. Brown, Treasurer. April, 1867.— II. K. Blackstone, X. H. Van Vorhes, Jesse Van Law, J. H. Falloon and Wm. P. Johnson, Councilmen; George W. Baker, Mayor; Frederick L. Ballard, Recorder; II. II. Van Vorhes, Treasurer. April, 1868.— X. II. Van Vorhes, H. K. Blackstone, C. L. Wilson, H. S. Stimson and Alexander Cochran, Councilmen; J. M. Dana, Mayor; F. L. Ballard, Recorder; X. II. Van Vorhes, Treas- urer. 1869.— Hiram C. Martin, Mayor; F. L: Ballard, Recorder; X. II. Van Vorhes, Treasurer; II. K. Blackstone, II. S. Stimson, Josephus Tucker, X. 11. Van Vorhes, C. L. Wilson and F. L. Bal- lard, Councilmen. 1870.— Wm. Golden, Mayor; S. W. Pickering, Eli C. Crippen, H. S. Stimson, John Ring, W. W. Kurtz and W. W. Love, Coun- cil; C. II. Grosvenor, Solicitor; C. R. Sheldon, Clerk; James D. Brown, Treasurer; Robert White, Street Commissioner and Mar- shal. 1871. — The same as 1870, except Elza Jones, Marshal, in place of R. White, resigned. 20 306 HISTORY OF Hot KING VALLEY. 1872.— Win. Golden, Mayor; L. W. Brown, George T. Gould, Jacob G rones, W. W. Kurtz, W. W. Love and J. Ring, Council; C. H. Grosvenor, Solicitor; C. R. Sheldon, Clerk; James D. Brown, Treasurer; Robert White, Street Commissioner; M. B. Port, Marshal. 1873. — Members of Council, Louis W. Brown, George T. Gould, J. Grones, R. P. Crippen, Judiah Higgins an 1 Xehemiah War- ren; other officers the same as in 1872. 1874. — Wm. Golden, Mayor; James D. Brown, Treasurer; C. R. Sheldon, Clerk; L. M. Jewett, Solicitor; Robert White, Street Commissioner; J. Cart. Davis, Marshal. Council, J. Higgins, N. Warren, J. Grones, E. H. Moore, N. H. Van Vorhes and Win- field Scott, and George W. Baker, from Nov. 5, to fill vacancy of X. 1L Van Vorhes, resigned. 1875. — Council, S. W. Pickering. J. Higgins, Winfield Scott, E. M. Moore, 11. K. Blackstone and J. Grones; other officers the same as in 1874. 1876. — Mayor, Wm. Golden; Solicitor, Emmett Tompkins; Cierk, C. R. Sheldon; Treasurer, J. D. Brown; Marshal, M. B. Port; Street Cjmmissioner, Peter Fiusterwald; Council, Messrs. Leonard Brown, II. S. Stimson, E. Ii. Moore, W. H. Brown, J. Higgins and S. W. Pickering. 1877.— Council, E. B. Clarke, H. M. Lash, T. B. Warden, II. S. Stimson, E. II. Moore and Leonard Brown; other officers held over from 1ST''.. 1878. — Mayor, Emmett Tompkins; Solicitor, Evan J. Jones; Clerk, C. R. Sheldon; Treasurer, J. D. Brown; Marshal, M. B. Port; Street Commissioner, Peter Finsterwald; ^Council, Peter Kern, Winfield Scott, George W. Lllum, E. B. Clarke, II. M. Lash and T. B. Warden. L879. — Council, E. B. Clark, F. O. Pickering, T. II. Sheldon, P. Kern, G. W. Ullum and Winfield Scott; other officers held over from 1878. Dec 31, J. P. Wood app tinted Mayor to fill vacancy of Emmett Tompkin-, resigned. 1880. J. P. Wood, Mayor; C. R. Sheldon, Clerk: C. McClain, Treasurer; Walter Howe, Marshal; Peter Finsterwald, Street Com- missioner; Ii. II. Stewart, John Graham, AN'. II. Brown, T. II. Sheldon. F. ( ). Pickering, E. B. Clarke, Councilnien. 1881.— J. H. Calkins, Harry M. Roach, T. II. Shellon, W. II. HISTORY OK HOCKING VALLEY, 307 Brown, John Graham, R. H. Stewart, Councilmen; W. M. Scott, Marshal; other officers held over. 1882.— Mayor, J. P. Wood; Marshal, W. M. Scott; C. R. Shel- don, Cierk; C. Medium Treasurer; Peter Finsterwald, Street Commissioner; D. L. Sleeper, Solicitor; Council, W. II. Brown. Conrad Josten, Peter Kern, J. II. Calkin-, T. II. Sheldon and H. M. Eoach. April 3, 1833.— Mayor, J. P. Wood; Solicitor, D. L. Sleeper; Cierk, C. R. Sheldon; Treasurer, C. McLean; Marshal, Peter Fin- sterwald; Street Commissioner, F. O. Pickering; Member- oi Council, Jesse II. Cornell, James 1). Brown, II. M. Roach, W. H. Brown, C. Josten and P. Kern. CHAPTER XIV. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES IX THE CITY OF ATHENS AND ATHENS TOWNSHIP. John Ackley, civil engineer and ex-County Surveyor of Athens County, was born in Washington County, Pa., May 31, 1825, He is the second of the live sons of Jehu and Elizabeth (Eaton) Ack- ley, who came to Ohio in 1836 and settled in Lodi Township, Ath- ens County. His mother died when he was eleven years old. He lived with his father till he was twenty years old, working on a farm and attending the common schools. In 18-16 he entered the Ohio University at Athens, taking an irregular course, study- ing and teaching till 1849, when he was elected Surveyor of Athens County, holding the position six years, and since then at intervals till January, 1883, although the most of his time has been spent in surveying and civil engineering. He has also been engaged in farming in the vicinity of Athens since 1868. Dec. 31, 1849, he married Jerusha Haning, of Lodi Township. They have five children — Lavinia, wife of W. F. Lewis, of Waxahachie, Ellis Co., Tex.; Ida; Hattie, wife of H. A. Brown, of Scioto County, Ohio; Eber G., and Eliakim H. Mr. Ackley is Master of Grange No. 422, Athens, and County Deputy. Josiah Benton Allen, late Recording Clerk in the office of the Sec- retary of State at Columbus, Ohio, was born near Cadiz, Harrison Co., Ohio, July 14, 1842. He is the son of David and Mary ( Wilkin) Allen. He lived with his parents until he was seventeen, receiving his education in the common schools and the De Camp Institute at Pagetown, Ohio. July 4, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Thirtieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry as a private. In April, 1862, he was promoted to First Orderly Sergeant. He participated in a number of battles and skirmishes, the most important being Giles Court-House, Carnitax Ferry, Second Bull Run, Centerville, South Mountain,Antietam, Haines's Bluff, Jackson, Champion Hill, Black River and Yicksburg. At the last, May 22, 1S63, while storming Fort Greerg, he being in command of his company at the time, all but fourteen of his men were killed, he himself losing his left arm. After submitting to two amputations of the same arm, and beins HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 309 unfitted for service thereby, he was discharged for disability in 1861. He returned to Athens and attended the Ohio University until the close of the college year in 1S66, then went to Missouri and that fall was engaged in the insurance business. During the winter he taught school in the village of Maysville, of that State; returned to Athens in April, 1S67, and the following fall was, without opposi- tion, elected Recorder of Athens County on the Republican ticket. He held that office by being re-elected, for twelve years. From Jan- uary to June, 18S0, he held the stewardship of the Athens Asylum for the Insane. Losing that position through a change in the admin- istration, he was appointed Recording Clerk in the office of the Sec- retary of State at Columbus, in December, 1880, remaining there until January, 1883. April 11, 1871, he was married to Miss Sue E. Racer, of Marietta, Ohio. He is a member of J. C. McCoy Post. No. 1, G-. A. R., and holds a membership in the council of admin- istration of that order, of the State of Ohio. Benjamin Thomas Addleman, photographer, Athens, Ohio, was born near Richmond, Wayne Co., Ohio, Jan. 28, 1827. At the age of nineteen he went to Richmond and worked as an apprentice eighteen months to learn the gunsmith's trade. He then worked as a journeyman until 1849, when he opened a gunsmith shop in Rich- mond, remaining there until 1852, when he went to California and mined successfully in Canyon Creek until 1S59. He then returned to Ohio and purchased a farm in Preble County near New Paris, and farmed nearly two years, when, selling his farm, he returned to Richmond and dealt in iron with his brother, J. P. Addleman, until 1861. He then purchased another farm in "Wayne County and pursued farming until 1861, when he again returned to Rich- mond and engaged in photography until 1S69. He removed to Hagerstown, Ohio, and engaged in photography until 1S73 when he came to Athens and established his present gallery. In April, 1S60, he married Miss Margaret Tenney, of Montgomery County, Ohio. They have six children — Charles L., bookkeeper for the Singer Sewing Machine Company of Athens; Adell; Clara Belle, wife of Clement H. Hooper, of Athens County; Lula, William A. and Frank. George Washington Baker, general insurance agent, Athens, was born near Athens, O., May 2, 1829, where he was reared, re- ceiving only a common-school education. His father, Nicholas Baker, was one of the pioneers of Athens County, and came with his parents from Massachusetts in 1811. His mother, Clara '. 10 uistoky OF HOOKING v \i i BY, (White) Baker, was born in Washington County, 0. The subject of this sketch came to A.thens when twenty years of age and was employed as a clerk in the drug store of John Perkins for two pears. He then wont to California % here he worked in the i;*'ld mines in Placer and Butte counties aboul two years, returning home in February, LS54, making his adventure a success. In March of the same year he became associated with his former em- er, John Perkins, in the drug business, under the firm name of Perkins A Baker, they doing business until L859. He then engaged in t ho clothing and merchant tailoring business with F. I .. Ballard under the firm name of Baker a- Ballard, they discontinu- ing in L861. In July of that year he entered the Union army as Captain of Company 0, Thiity-ninth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer [nfantry, and served as such until November, 1862, when he was commissioned Commissary of Subsistence by President Lincoln, and served under General Sherman until the fall of Vicksburg in July, LS68, when, broken down in health, he was sent home on a leave of absence. In the following November he was ordered to report to General Stephen A. Hnlburt at Memphis, Tenn., and was by him ordered on duty at La Grange, Tenn., where he re mained until March, IS64, when he served as Commissary of Gen- eral A.. J. Smith's oommand during the Red River expedition, until May, 1864. Having returned with that command to Memphis his heal tli again became impaired and he was ordered by the General War Department to report to General Pope at Milwaukee, Wis., and by him to report to General Sibley at St. Paul, Minn., who ordered him on duty us Commissary of the Post at Fort Snelling, where he remained until Nov. 22, L864, when he was ordered to report to . ral A. J. Smith at Nashville, Tenn.. and remained with that mand during the battle of Nashville, and the pursuit of the enemy to Eastport, Miss. Soon after the oommand was ordered \ I 9 where it was orj into the Sixteenth Army Corps, and our subject was commissioned Chief Commissary with the raid; oi Lieutenant -Colonel, and was with that corps at and. capture of Mobile and Montgomery, Ala., until April, l^'>.">. At Montgomery he served as Chief Commissary of that de- partment until December, L865, when he was ordered to report at >uis, M i . and from there home tb Athens to await further orders; was mustered out of the service there Jan. L6, 1866, Dnr* that summer he went to West Virginia, and engaged in the oil business until the spring of l s »>7. when he returned to Athens HIMTOBY 01 IIO< i I BY ■ .'ill and ' - ' ! 01 ! ce i fthe Peac< until Septembei .I860 vhen b< , r< i • County and held that office by re-election for two terms. In he v.- elect ' lerk of the C Couni d I that tion for nine con ccnti months in 1881 he owned a half interest in the AtlumH County liepublican. tvhen • I'l and then cstab ed Mi y 2, I "■'< i he married Amanda JVTahon, of Blairsville, Pa. They have four children Edward If., attorm Cine 0. ; na 13 Clara A., and Rollins M . al home lie i a prominent Ma and member of the lodge, chapter and commandcry of At. Himself, wife and three of his children are membci of the Metl ch, Francis M Barker, former I >nofJo , and Ruth (Griffith) Barker. »rn in Athena 'I hip, Athen < .. Ohio, April 23, L836. At the age of I heb< g for himself, in 1858 he rmingforhin on his father's and other farm No* I 1861 ' om- pany I) I Fifth Ohio V< appointed ' 'oi poi company. I Le : March 20, I S02. While at 1 1 ' W. V r on fur- ■ :i. and i' : until Jum command at Midi Va. From there he more, M. G A. I'.. Athi ,Jv/lg> I ■"" Barh > Ji 17!'- Man 312 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. eer, that we give him a place in this chapter, but because he was a man of ability and accomplishments, a public man of model character and habits. Judge Barker was born at Long Plains, near New Bedford, Mass., Feb. 17, 1779, the son of Isaac and Ehoda (Cooke) Barker. Isaac Barker, Sr. , was a lineal descendant of Robert Barker, a Welshman, who emigrated to Plymouth Colony prior to 1630, and afterward became a colonial official. In 1789 he came with his father's family to Ohio, where they settled on a farm near the present site of Belpre, a mile above the garrison soon afterward built and known in pioneer history as " Farmer's Castle." At the outbreak of the Indian war of 1790-'94r, the savages commenced war- fare on the settlement, killing and harrassing the field laborers and capturing prisoners, compelling a part of each family to stand on guard while the remainder worked and slept, destroying their stock and scanty crops until the entire settlement was compelled to take ref- uge in the garrison, where they suffered from disease and privation for two or three years, and were only relieved by the final treaty of peace concluded by General Wayne. Here in Belpre our subject spent the nine years of his pioneer life, having as companions the Putnams, Devols, Smiths, Danas, Rouses, Stones, Cookes, Bents, Brownings and many other families of more or less prominence in pioneer annals. In 179S the family removed to Athens, then a village of half a dozen cabins, and settled on a farm. Judge Bar- ker's education was acquired principally by private study. His first business on his own account after coming to Athens was that of hotel keeping. His hotel was on the site of the old Brown House, just in front of the college. After remaining here three years he removed to his long residence on the corner of College and State streets in 1818. During his residence in Athens, Judge Barker served ten years as Associate Judge of Common Pleas Court, ami held the offices of County Sheriff, County Treasurer, and Collector of rents for the University, each a number of years. James Addon Benson, Superintendent of the Hamley Run coal mines, was born in the city of Buffalo, N. Y., Jan. 7, 1837. When he was live years of age his parents, Michael and Harriet (Ashton) Benson, removed to Sheboygan, Wis. He was educated in the public schools of Sheboygan and at the Lawrence University, at Appleton, Wis. When becoming of age he followed teaching school in Manitowoc and Sheboygan counties until 1862, when he came to Ohio and located at Nelsonville, Athens County, where he was employed to take charge of a store for his uncle, Charles Ash- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 313 ton. In 1865 his uncle died, and he and A. B. Walker were ap- pointed administrators of the estate, requiring a year or more to settle it up. In February, 1865, he removed to Athens and en- gaged in the mercantile business until September, 1868, when he removed his business to Nelsonville. In 1873 he gave up mer- chandising and was employed as weigh-master at the coal mine of W. B. Brooks until 1878. He then went to Shawnee, O., where he carried on the mercantile business until 1882, when he returned to Athens and took charge of the Ilamley Run coal mines as Su- perintendent for H. C. Wells & Co., of Columbus, O. While re- siding in Nelsonville, in 1873, he was elected City Clerk and during 1873 and 1874 served as a member of the Bjard of Education of that city. May 29, 1865, he was married to Aggie, daughter of Cornelius Steinrod, of Nelsonville. They hive three children — George Edwin, Ilattie and Abbie. Mr. Benson is a member of Para- muthia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M., of Athens. James Crawford Bower was born Jan. 30, 1835, near Pittsburg, Pa., where he was reared and received a common-school education. He was the third of seven sons of Alexander and Martha (Couch) Bower, with whom he lived till fifteen years of age when he was apprenticed to learn the blacksmith's trade, serving three years and seven months. After working as a journeyman about a year, he, in March, 1855, came to Athens County, Ohio, and established him- self in a shop at Pleasanton, where he remained till 1862, being at the same time engaged in farming. In 1862 he was commissioned a recruiting officer with the rank of First Lieutenant, and recruited Company I, Ninety -second Ohio Infantry, going into the service with them as First Lieutenant. He served about ninj months when he resigned on account of sickness. In April, 1864, he went to Montana; worked at his trade there till October, 1866, and then returned to Athens County, locating in Albany, where he opened a shop. In 1877 he moved on to a farm, in the vicinity of Albany and carried on the farm in connection with blacksmithing. In 1S80 he came to Athens, where he is now engaged in the dairy business. Aug. 15, 1855, he married Louisa Cooley, of Pleasan- ton. They have live children — Loduska, Emma, William, Charles, and Ilattie. Mr. Bower has been Coroner of Athens County since the fall of 1878. He is a Master, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason, and a member of lodge, chapter, council and commandery at Athens. He has served as Junior Warden of 314 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. his lodge. He is also a member of Athenian Lodge, jS"o. 497, K. of P., and Columbus Golden Post, IS T o. 89, G. A. R. Daniel Boyd, deceased, was born in the county of Donegal, in the Northern part of Ireland, in September, 1794. His ancestors came from Scotland. His opportunities for obtaining: an education were limited, but by improving his spare hours while learning the weaver's trade, he acquired a good education. He had a natural love of books, and was a constant reader, and in after life whatever luxuries his circumstances might compel him to forego, newspapers and periodicals were always to be found in his home. In boyhood he had become familiar with the wrongs and hardships of the Irish people. His father, Robert Boyd, possessed a small leasehold estate, which he intended to divide among his four sons. But Daniel, having read of the rich land and free air of the western world set his heart on seeking a new home free from exacting tithes and odious rents. Succeeding in obtaining sufficient money with which to pay his passage he came to America, landing at Philadelphia in 1819. He walked over the mountains to Steuben- ville, Ohio, where he found employment as a teacher and after- ward as a weaver. In 1S27 he removed to Keene, Coshocton County, whore he engaged in the mercantile business, near which place he had located his parents and younger brothers and sisters who followed him to America in 1822. His business proving a failure he became deeply involved in debt. In 183S he removed to Athens County, Ohio, and settled on a farm in Carthage Town- ship, where he diel in 1367, an I where for nearly thirty years he was highly respecte 1 as'a man of the strictest integrity, warm sympathy, and generous impulses. Here, after many years of hard labor, he succeeded in paying off his indebtedness with its heavily accrued interest. He was a member of the Methodist Epis- copal church, and gave liberally of -his means for its support, and at his house the "itinerant" was always a welcome guest, lie took a deep interest in educational institutions, especia ly the com- mon schools of the vicinity. In 1825 he was married to Jane Elliott, a sister of Rev. Charles Elliott, widely known in the Methodist Episcopal denomination as a minister, editor and author. They were blessed with nine children — John Elliott, a physician, who died at Columbia in 1855; Mary Ann, who died in 1S67; Jane, a prominent teacher of Athens County; Kate, Prin- cipal of the Athens High School; Hugh, a graduate of Ohio University in class of 1859, afterward a member of the Ohio Con- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 315 Terence of the Methodist Episcopal church, and since 1S71 Pro- fessor of the G-reek and Latin Languages in Cornell College, Iowa; Lucj 7 , formerly a teacher in the Nelsonville school, but now teach- ing in the Orphan's Home ot'Xenia; "William Fletcher, a graduate of the Ohio University in the class of 1866, now attorney at law at Cincinnati; Fanny Blair, wife of Charles Lawrence, Esq., of Carthage Township; and Margaret, who taught for several years in the Cincinnati Wesleyan College and is now Principal of the High School at Martinsville, Ind. She is the first lady gradu- ate of the Ohio University. After the death of their father, in 1S67, the family sold the farm and removed to Athens where they procured a pleasant home and where those remaining at home still live, and with them their mother, happily and contented at the age of eighty years. Hon. Archibald Green Brown, born at Waterford, Washing- ton Co., Ohio, April 16, 1798, is of Puritan stock. His father was Captain Benjamin Brown of Revolutionary tame, who came from Massachusetts in 1776, and settled in Washington County, Ohio. Our subject was educated in the Ohio University at Athens, gradu- ating in 'the close of 1822, and is now the oldest living graduate of that institution. In the latter part of 1S22 he went to Colum Ohio, where he taught in an academy until the following year, when he returned to Athens and taught in the preparatory depart- ment of his alma mater from September of that year until the epring of 1825. hi the summer of 1825 he established the Athens Mirror, the first paper published in Athens County, the publica- tion of which he continued until LS30. In July, 1825, he was appointed, by the Court of Common Pleas, Recorder of Athens County, which he subsequently held, by election, for a period of thirteen }'ears. Prior to 1*26 he was elected Justice of the Peace of Athens, and held that office continuously until about 1850. In 1834, while filling the office of Justice of the Peace and County Recorder, he taught a private school in Athens, and, having in the meantime privately studied law, was admitted to the bar at Athens, during the same year. In April, 1850, he was elected member of the Constitutional Convention that trained the present Constitution of Ohio, and in July of the same year was appointed Presiding Judge of the Eighth Judicial Circuit, to fill a vacancy, and held that office until February, l s .">2. Since then he has devoted his life to his profession and has built up an enviable reputation as a real-estate lawyer. In 1841 he became a Trustee of the Ohio 316 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. University, and still fills that position. Jan. 8, 1824, he married Priscilla K. Crippen, by whom he had five children — Henry T., attorney at law, Athens; Louis W., late of Athens, who was for some fifceen years Clerk of the Court of Athens County, and who died Sept. 29, 1873, at the age of forty-two; the others died in in- fancy. He has been a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Athens since 1819 and a Ruling Elder since 1833. Charles Henry Brown, born Nov. 26, 1846, in Athens, Ohio, is the youngest of three children of Charles Pitt and Angeline Eliz- abeth (Crippen) Brown, and grandson of the late General W. Brown, an old pioneer of Athens County. He was educated in the'Athens High School and the Ohio University, it being his in- tention to graduate from the latter, in the class of 1865. He was suspended for a minor offense, and afterward reinstated, but con- sidering the suspension unjust he withdrew from the class, and spent the next two years in teaching. April 7,1867, he married Ann Eliza, daughter of Harvey and Abbie (Calvert) Carpenter, of Canaan Township, who died Oct. 23, 1S67. After his marriage he settled on a farm in Canaan Township, which he still owns and carries on in connection with his other business. In 1874 he was employed by the Adams Express Company and worked for them in different capacities for five years. In 1879 he received his present situation as bill clerk for the M. & C. R. R. In 1877 he married Ada Earhart, from whom he was divorced in 1880. Feb. 7, 1881, he married Ada J., daughter of Hiram Hill, of Marietta, Ohio. General John B row .i was a resident of Athens County from 1799 to the time of his death, March 28, 1876. lie was born in Rowe, Mass., Dec. 1, 1785, descended from a good family, a number of his ancestral relatives holding high positions, both military and civil. He came with his father's family to the Northwest Terri- tory in 1799, settling in Ames Township. He took advantage of the superior school advantages at that time in Ames Township, supplementing his education by private study. He married, in 1811, Miss Sophia Walker, daughter of Dr. Ezra Walker, and re- moved to Athens in 1817, where he resided continuously to the time of his death. For the first year he kept a hotel on the lot after- ward owned by Judge Barker, and then purchased the lot and built the house long known as the Brown House, in front of the college campus. Here he kept hotel continuously until 1865, a period of forty-seven years. In 180 s " he was elected Captain in the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 317 militia, was subsequently made Colonel, and in IS 17 was elected Brigadier-General. He was County Auditor from 1822 to 1827, and was Treasurer of the Ohio University from 1824 until June, 1874, more than half a century. He was Mayor of Athens for several years and held the office of Coroner two terms. He was a man uni- versally respected and for many } T ears kindly regarded as one of the most worthy fathers of the village, " who has come down to us from a former generation." He had a kind heart, good judg- ment, and perfect honor. Granville Currier Brown, of the firm of G. C. Brown & Co., proprietors of the "Warren House," Athens, was born in Athens, May 16, 1853, where he was reared and educated in the public schools. He is the son of Oscar W. and Adaline S. (Cur- rier) Brown. At the age of seventeen he began to clerk in the store of W. W. Love & Co., at Athens, remaining with them three years. He was then variously employed for one year, and in 1874 began to clerk in the Brown Hotel, for Major Elmer Golden, remaining with him in that and the AVarren House until November, 18S2, when he became associated with W. H. Brown, under the firm name of G. C. Brown & Co., proprietors of the Warren House, Athens, he having the full charge of the house. He is a Master Mason, and member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, Athens. Henry Thomas Brown, attorney, Athens, was born in Ath- ens, Nov. 11, 1825. He is the oldest of two sons of Hon. Archi- bald Green Brown, a pioneer lawyer, and a native of Ohio. His mother, Priscilla King Crippen, was a native of New York. He was educated in Ohio University, at xVthens. He chose his father's profession, and at the age of nineteen began the study of law in his office. He was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court at Pomeroy, Ohio, in 1846, and at once began to practice at Athens. In 1S52 he became associated with his father, under the firm name of A. G. & H. T. Brown. In 1S60 L. A. Koons became associated with them, changing the firm name to Brown & Koons. In 1864 Mr. Brown entered the Union Army as First Lieutenant and Quartermaster of the One Hundred and Forty- First Regiment, Ohio National Guards, and served five months. Dec. 16, 1847, he married Charlotte M. Fuller, of Athens, by whom he has five children — Charlotte E., wife of Henry D. Mirick, of Athens; Herbert H., of Parsons, Kan.; Mabel King and Bertha B., living at home; and Harold, of Nebraska. They lost one son, Carlos Louis, who died at Athens, June 30, 187S, at the age of twenty-two. He 3 IS HISTORY OF HOCKIXG VALLEY. sun Odd Fellow, and a member of Sereno Lodge, No. 479, and , Athens Encampment, No. 175, and has held all the positions ia both bodies, lie is a member of the First Presbyterian Church ot Athens. James Dickey Brown, a banker of Athens, son ot John and Susan (Green) Brown, was born at Albany, Athens Co., Ohio. Aug. 27, 1845. He was cheated in the High School of his native town. In the spring of 1865, at the age of nineteen, he became associated with his father in the mercantile business at Albany, under the firm name of John Brown & San. They discontinued the mercan- tile business in the fall of 1867, and engaged ia private banking at Albany, under ths same firm name. In the fall of 1868 they removed to Athens, and established the Bank o? Athena, carrying- on private b inking together there, until the death of the senior member of the firm, Oct. 18, 1875. Since then oar subject has carried on the business alone. In 1835 he enlisted ia Company 11. One Hundred and Forty-First Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private, and served on guard duty 100 days, at Barboursville, \V . Va. May 23, 1^67, he married Lizzie, daughter of Elmer Armstrong, Esq., of Athens County. They have two children. John and Jennie Jaynes. Mr. Brown and wife are members of the First Presbyterian Church, of Athens, of which church he has been a Ruling Eider since April, 1S75. Our subject is a Mason, a member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M., oi' Athens. John Brown. — The founJer of the Brown family in America wis "William Brown, who came to this country from England in LI and settled in Hatfield, Mass. Sixty years later, in 1720, the family r moved to Leicester. Mass., where, at an advanced age, William Brown died. Captain John Brown, son ot' William, came with the family to Leicester, and was there elected t ithe M iss ichuset - Legislature and served with ability for twenty successive year-. He was twice married and the father of nineteen children. His eldest son was John Brown, a Revolutionary soldier, who was twice wounded at the historic battle of Banker Hill. He came to in L797, settling in Washington C >unty. His eldest son, Sam- uel Brown, father of our subject, was also a Revolutionary s ddier. He came to Ohio with his parents in 1797, landing at Marietta, and settled in Alliens County. Dover Township. His wife was Lydia Thayre, of Taunto .. M iss. They were the parents of seven children, five of whom were born before and two after they came 'liio. Their names, in the order of their birth, were— Samuel HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 319 I'... William T.. Phoebe, Lydia, Betsey, Harriot and John. John Brown was born in Ames Township, Athens, (then Washington) Co., Ohio, Dec. 23, 1801. While he was still achildhis parents removed to a farm within nine miles of Marietta. In L 8 36 he mar- ried Susan Green, of Washington County, who was a faithful wife to him and a devoted m >ther to his children till her death, Aug. J!*, 1859. In 1838 he removed to Trimble Township, and two years later to Albany. In 1868 he took up his residence in Athens, where he remained till his death, Oct. Is, 1875. Throughout his career he sustained a marked character. In whatever community he lived, wherever his influence extended, he was recognized as a man of sa- gacity and strength. Without high official station and without un- due self-assertion, he was, by inherent superiority, a public man. The only public office he ever held was that of .County Commi ■- sioner, to which he was three times elected wirhout his consent and against his wishes, and he was probably the ablest, or at lea?t one of the ablest, that ever filled that position in Athens County. In any suitable notice of the man a prominent place must be given to his intellectual character; and first, when the circumstances of his life are considered, one cannot but be struck by his mental force and individuality. His educational advantages were limited. At ten years of age he went one or two terms to a district school, and at nineteen went ab >ut half a year to the III-. School in Marietta. At the former he learned little, if anything, beyond reading and spelling, but on this foun lati >n, slender as it wis, he never ceased to build. When thirteen years old he began the study of arithmetic at home, and having, with his mother's assistance, mastered the fundamental rules, he pressed on alone. During the six or seven months'he spent at Marietta he devoted eighteen hours a day to study and recitation. Not being satisfied with the work required in school, he took up besides both chem- istry and physics, and pursued them in private with his usual ex- actness and thoroughness. So m after leaving school he became a teacher, and for twelve orfourteen y jars taught in winter and worked on his farm in summer. To the general public he was b-'St known as a business man. In practical matters he displayed clear per- ceptions, sound judgment ami great caution, and he managed his af- fairs with such care and discretion that he succeeded in building up no inconsiderable fortune. He was a man of exact and general information, and made himself familiar with geology, b »tany, chemistry, astronomy, physics, and was also well read in medicine. 320 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Like Terence he could say, ''I count nothing pertaining to man foreign to me." His moral character was as sharply delined as his intel- lectual character. His life was pure, temperate and honest. The most distinctive features of his moral character were courage and justice. Ilis courage had nothing ot bravado; he took a coura- geous position as a matter of course. In an early day to be an Abo- litionist was to suffer ostracism. Yet he was one of the few to openly and strongly avow himself a friend of the slave. Aboli- tionism was no mere sentiment with him; he studied the subject till he was more than a match for his ablest opponents. He was a man of much kindness and even tenderness of feeling. Toward cases of distress he was among the most benevolent. At the time of his death he was President of the Bank of Athens, his son James D. being Cashier. He always merited as he received the confidence and patronage of the public, and in his death Athens lost one of her best and most influential citizens. Eber Green Carpenter, M. D., is a native of Xew Hampshire, the son of Dr. Eber and Judith Green Carpenter. lie was born in Alstead, Cheshire County, August, 1S08, and was reared and educated in his native town. His father and brother being physi- cians, he studied medicine under them and graduated as M. D. from the Berkshire Medical College, an adjunct of "Williams College, in 1831. He then practiced at Lempster, X. H., until 1S33 when he came to Ohio and located at Chester, the county seat of Meigs County. On account of impaired health during 1S36 he made a visit to his native State, and on returning to Ohio, permanently located at Athens, where he practiced continuously until March, 1S79, when he had the misfortune to fracture the neck of his thigh bone, the result of a fall, which not uniting rendered him a cripple. Not being able to endure the fatigue of practicing, he was obliged to abandon it. October, 1833, he married Miss .Mary Kellogg Stanley, a daughter of the late Timothy Stanley', of Marietta, Ohio. They have had five children — Mary P., wit'e of R. De Steiger, of Athens; George II., deceased, a physician who was accidentia killed in Missouri in 1801; Helen M.. wife of J. L. Hatfield, re- cently a Professor in the Ohio University at Athens, but now of Missouri; Emma, unmarried; and Julia, wife of Dr. R. W. Erwin, if Bay City, Mich. Dr. and Mrs. Carpenter are members of the First Presbyterian Church of Athens. He was made a Master Mason at Alstead, N. II., in 1832. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 321 Parker Carpenter, son of Frederick and Mary W. (Johnson) Carpenter, was born in Koine Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Nov. 4, 1831. When he was four years of age his parents came to Athens Township, where he was reared and has spent the most of his life, engaged in farming. From 1803 to 1868 he combined tanning with his farm labor. In 1869 he was elected Assessor of Athens Township, serving a year. In 1872 he was nominated Sheriff of Athens County on the Republican ticket, but was de- feated. In 1874 he was again nominated by the same party and elected, and in 1876 was re-elected to the same office, serving con- tinuously four years. From 1872 to 1874 he served as Deputy Sheriff under Sheriff X. Warren. In 1882 he was elected Trustee of Athens Township, still holding that office. Oct. 12,1853, lie married Elizabeth C. Knowles, of Alexander Township, who died June 18, 1874. Feb. 26, 1876, he married Jane D. Cook, of Alex- ander Township. They have three children — Frederick, R. F., and Hattie May. Mr. Carpenter is a member of Serene Lodge, No. 479, 1. O. (). F., Athens. John Porterfield Coe, Treasurer of Athens County, was born in Ohio County, W.Va., Oct. 5, 1842. His father, Silas Coe, was a native ot Pennsylvania, and his mother, Emily (Porterfield) Coe, of Ohio. In his seventh year he came with his parents to Athens County, they settling on a farm near Athens, where he lived with them until his nineteenth year. He was given only a common-school education. On leaving home, in 1861, he enlisted in the Union army as a private in Company C, Thirty- sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served during the war. In 1863 he was promoted to Corporal, to Sergeant in 1864, and to First or Orderly Sergeant in May, 1865, but had acted as Orderly Sergeant from May, 1864. During his time of service he was only twice on the sick list, once by camp fever and again by an injured ankle, caused by a spent ball. He participated in all the battles in which Lis regiment took part, the most important being South Mountain, Antietam, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, and the battles in the Shenandoah Valley, during Sherman's campaign. lie was mus- tered out of the service in August, 1865, when he returned home to Athens County. In March, 1866, he went to Vinton County, where he engaged in farming and dealing in stock. In the fall of l v ''>7 he returned to Athens County, and again engaged in farming and dealing in stock, making sheep a specialty. In the fall of 1879 he was the Kepublican nominee for Treasurer of Athens County, 21 322 illMouv OF HOOKING VALLEY. and was elected by a handsome majority, and was elected his own successor without opposition in the fall of 1881. In 1870 he was elected Clerk of Lee Township, which he held for nine consecutive years, until his election as County Treasurer in L879. Oct. 25, L866, he married Lucy, daughter of Edward Blake, late County Commissioner of Alliens County, by whom he has five children — Flora Alice, William Wallace. Perry (ileum Frank Edward, and Mary Elsa. lie isa member of Athenian Lodge, No. L04, K. of P., of which he is Treasurer. Himself and wife are members of the First Alexander Cumberland Presbyterian Church of Alexander Township. 'onel Robert Albert Constable^ attorney at law, Athens, is the only son of the late Robert E. Constable, a prominent lawyer of Athens, a native of Maryland, who came to Athens in 1826, and died at that place Jan. l!>, L883. His mother was Elizabeth II. (Barker) Constable, a native of Athens. He was born at Athens in March, L830, where he was reared and educated in the private school and at the Ohio University. At the age of seventeen, in L847, he began the study of law in his father's office and was ad- mitted to the bar by the Supreme Court at Delaware, 0., in dune, L851. However he did not enter upon the practice of law at once, but engaged in the mercantile business until 1^54. when he became associated with his father and formed the law firm o\ Constable & Constable. They remained together until L878 when, on account offailing health, his father retired from the firm. At the breaking «>ut of the war in L861, being a Brigadier-General of militia, his brigade being composed of Washington, Athens. Meigs and Gallia counties, he, with Captain d. M. Dana, went to Columbus and of- ten d his services to Governor 1 )ennison, by whom he was authorized to recruit 2,000 men for the United^States service, which he did and sent forward. In L861 he helped to raise the Seventy-fifth Regi- ment, Ohio Volunteer [nfantry,and was commissioned Lieutenant- Colonel. Soon after, the Colonel, N.C McLane, being promoted to Brigadier-General, he was promoted to Colonel. At the battleof McDowell, Ya., in April, 1862, while >iek with typhoid fever, he was taken prisoner by the Confederates, and was incarcerated at Libby Prison and Salisbury four months, and at Belle Island one day. when he was exchanged under the first cartel for the exchange of prisoners. He then returned home on a leave of absence and remained until October of that year, when he rejoined his regiment at Fairfax CourNHouse, Ya. In 1863 he, not endorsing President HISTORY 01 HOCKING VALLEY. 323 Lincoln's emancipation, like many others, resigned his commission, returned to Athens and resumed the practice of law. June 10, 1851, he married Martha S., daughter of Professor Joseph Dana, of Athens, by whom he lias four children — Elizabeth A., wife ol "W. R Flinn, of North Adam-. Mich.; Ethel Dana. Anna and Henry Lee, at home. lie is a member of Columbus Grolden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., of which he is Commander, and also is a mem- ber of the National Council of Administration of the same order. Robert E. Constable was born at Chestertown, Kent Co., Md., Nov. 29, 1809. He began his education in Maryland, and be- came very thoroughly grounded in the languages before he came to Athens, in July, 1826. Here he entered the Ohio University, and remained as a student until about half through the senior year, when he was married to Elizabeth II. Barker, daughter of Judge Isaac Barker, May 5, L829. Soon after that time he was elected Recorder of Athens County. He studied law during his term ot office and was admitted to the bar in the spring of 1835, at Jack- son, 0. lie entered upon the practice ot law in Athens County and was elected soon afterward Prosecuting Attorney. This position he resigned, in order to be able to practice as criminal lawyer and counselor. lie was a leading and successful lawyer in this part of the State until his health tailed him, when he was obliged to re- tire from practice. He was very active in all his undertakings. As a lawyer he was markedly successful in addressing a jury, and his ability was most specially adapted to the conducting of crim- inal cases. He was an orator of merit, and was chosen at different times as chief speaker on important occasions, being a devoted member of the old Whig party, in his most active days he was as a politician justly considered as entitled to the respect and con- fidence of the people. In the later years of his life he was so afflicted that it was impossible for him to be active in the sc< of public and social life. In the year 1827 Mr. Con-table became a Christian and joined the Methodist Episcopal church; but in later years he became a member of the Episcopalian society, organ- ized at Athens. He had been reared as an Episcopalian originally. He died at Athens, Jan. 19, 1883, leaving one son, R. A. Constable. Thomas Andrew Cooper, carpenter and joiner, was born near Chestnut Flat, Walker Co.,Ga., Sept. 16, 1838,. the eldest of twelve children of Andrew and Nancy (White) Cooper. IJe received a limited education in the common schools of that country, and worked on the farm with his father until he was nineteen vearsold. 324 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. He continued farming for himself until March, 1S62, when circum- stances forced him into the service of the Confederate States, and he was assigned as a private to the Army of Virginia under Jackson, and participated in the battles of Bristow Station, second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Spottsylvania Court-house, Mo- nocacy. Md., Lynchburg.Va., and in the several engagements in the Shenandoah Valley during the campaign of 186-L In September, 1864, he came to Parkersburg, W. Va., and engaged to work at gardening for T. T. Davidson, near that place, until January, 1805, when he was employed by the New York Oil Company as carpenter, in Wood County, W. Va., until March of the same year. He then came to Marietta, O., and entered the employ of the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad Company as bridge carpenter under S. M. Wright, foreman. In February, 1S68, he entered the employ of Gould & Smith, contractors, on the Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad, as bridge carpenter, and worked for them until Novem- ber, 1868. He then formed a partnership with T. T. Davidson, near Parkersburg, W. Va., for the purpose of market gardening, the firm name being Davidson & Cooper. In September of same year they dissolved partnership, and Mr. Cooper came to Athens, O., and again entered the employ of Gould ife Smith and worked for them until the Hocking Valley Road was completed. In July, 1870, he was employed by Gould & Wright as bridge carpenter in the construction of the Hope Furnace branch of the M. & C. R. R., and also the Straitsville branch of the Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad. In November, 1870, he was employed by the Salina Salt and Coal Company, until July, L871; then by the Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad Company until May, 1872; then by eph Herrold until January, 1>7:>, then by S. M. Wright at Eamley Run Coal Works till January, 1^74; then by G. T. Gould at Salina until January, 1877; and by the Hocking Valley Coal and Salt Company at Chauncey, Ohio, until January, 1^7 S . Dur- ing the years of 1878, 1879 and 1880 he was variously engaged at the trade in Athens, and in the spring was employed by the C. & 1 1. V. Railroad ( lompany at Columbus, where he worked until April, 1882. He was then employed by William Gladfelter, of Springfield, I >.. contractor and builder, and worked for him until Oct. 9, 1882, when he returned to Athens. Aug. 9, 1857, he was married to Miss Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Sexton and Martha Ann (Will- HI8T0EY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 325 iaras) Humphres. They have five living children — Annie; Lizzie, wife of W. IL. McGill, Columbus, 0. ; Carrie May, Alfred Mintun and Leola Rosalie. Mr. Cooper is a Master Mason and member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25. He has filled the office of Senior Deacon two years, L880 and L881. Levjis William Connett, proprietor of the Stewart Flouring Mills, Athens, whs b >rn in Dover Township, Athens County, Aug. 23,1851, a son of George and Lydia (Dorr) Connett. He was educated in the schools of his native county and at the Ohio Uni- versity. His mother died when he was fourteen and he then began to work for himself. When nineteen years of age he went to Chauncey and clerked for J. C. McCracken a year. He then went to Greenfield, Ind., and engaged in the mercantile business there till 187-1. In ls75 he came to Athens and was employed till ls77 as bookkeeper in the Grange store. He then engaged in the gro- cery business till 1881, when he rented the Stewart Flouring Mill, lb- was married May 1, 1881, to Mary, daughter of Henry Brown, of Athens. They have one child — Lewis Henry. Mr. Connett is a member of the Methodist and his wife of the First Presbyterian Church, of Athens. He is a member of Lodge .No. 101, K. of P., of which he is Chancellor Commander. John Everett Cornell, proprietor of the Cornell House, Athens. Ohio, was born at Chester. Meigs Co., Ohio, July 5, 1817. He lived with his parents, Frank and Amelia (Branch) Cornell, until his sixteenth year, when he was employed as a clerk in the wholesale hardware house of R. W. Booth & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, one year, and then as cashier in Hunt's dining rooms of the same city for nearly two years. He then went to Guysville, Ohio, where he clerked in the store of his father and uncle until 1868, when he removed with his father to New Vienna, Ohio, where he clerked for him until 1869. At that time he was employed as bookkeeper in the office of the C, H. & D. R. It. Company at Cincinnati until 1870. He then came to Athens County and engaged in farming in the vicinity of Athens until 1871, when he went to "Washington C.-H., Fayette Co., Ohio, and kept a con- fectionery store and restaurant until August, 1872, when he returned to Athens and opened the Cornell House with his father. as F. Cornell & Son. In 1881 his father retired from the firm and he became sole proprietor. March 29, 1870, he was married to Miss Lizzie West, of Martinsville, Ohio. They have two chil- dren — Blanch and Adine. 326 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. William Cornell, farmer, is the second son of Eli and Eliza- beth (Dilley) Cornell, and was born near Elizabethtown, Wood Co., W. Va., Aug. 17, 1S36. When a small boy his parents came to Athens County, O., and purchased a farm near Salina, where he was reared, and was educated in the common schools. He began business for himself, mining coal at Salina, O., and was thus engaged for six years. In 1S59 and 1860 he and his brother Rufus were engaged in farming. April, 1861, they enlisted in Company A, Twenty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as privates, for three months. At the expiration ot his term of enlistment he was mustered out at Athens, O., and returned home, his brother Rufus enlisting in the First West Yirgina Cavalry for three years. After remaining at home for a few months, he enlisted in Com- pany I, Sixty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at Chillicothe, for three years, or during the war, as a private. At the organi- zation of his regiment, he was elected First Lieutenant of his company, and served as such until July. 1S63, when he was pro- moted to Captain of Company D, same regiment, and commanded the company until their term of service expired, Dec. 21, 1864. He was engaged in the battles of New Madrid, Island No. 10, Fort Pillow, Farmington, Parker's Cross Roads, Iuka, and Corinth, Miss. He was with Sherman to the sea, and was in the battles of Dallas, Kennesaw Mountain, Siege of Atlanta, and all the battles to Savannah, where his regiment was discharged. He has served as Trustee of his township for four years, lie is a Master Mason and member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, F. & A. M., Athens, O. He has been twice married. May, 1860, he married Sarah, daugh- ter of Thomas and Barbara (Young) Wilson, of Athens Township. January, 1861, his wife died. Nov. 11,1866, he was married to Annie C, daughter of Isaac and Christie Ann (Harper) Matheny. They have live children — AngieB., Cora D., Mauley G., Russel R., Stella M., all living at home. Their daughter, Ella W., died April 9, 1SS2, in her eleventh year. Himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. His brother Rufus, of the West Virginia Cavalry, was killed while reconnoitering in front of the enemy near Antietam, Md., Sept. 4, 1862. David Col man ComwdL jeweler, of Athens, was born near Athens, Oct. 15, 1S44. He lived with his parents, John and Ann (Cowell), Cornwell, until manhood, and learned the jeweler's trade in his father's shop in Athens. After becoming of age he engaged in farming near Athens two years, when he went to Xelsonville HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 327 and worked at his trade nearly two years, which, not agreeing with his health, he abandoned and again pursued farming for two years. In 1871 he established hie present business at Athens. He has been twice married. He married his first 'wife, Mary A. Ted row. of Athens, March 21,1865. She died June 15, 1868, leaving two children — Mary Luella and Eber II. May 21. l v 73. he married Sarah J., daughter of James Thomas, of Londonderry, Ross Co., Ohio. They have four children — David B., Alma E., Sadie T. and Clifford. Mr. and Mrs. Cornwell are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. lie is a member of Sereno Lodge. No. 479, I. O.O. F.. of which he is Secretary. Politically he is an avowed Prohibitionist. During the late Rebellion, in L865, he enlisted in Company B. One Hundred and Forty-first, O. N. G.,for 100 days, and served on guard duty at Barbonrsville, Ky. John Cornwell was born in Hallowell, Prince Edward Co., Upper Canada, May 17. L812. He is of English ancestry. His father. David Cornwell, and his mother, Phoebe Gilbert Goldsmith, emigrated from England and settled in Canada in early times. When five years of age our subject came, with his parents, to Ohio, settling near Gallipolis, where he lived with them until he was seventeen. Afcer living in Meigs County two years, he, in 1831, came to Athens, where, after attending the Ohio University one year, he settled, and engaged in the jewelry business till 1852, when he went to California and mine 1 for gold, and was variously employed until 1856. He then returned to Athens and resumed the jeweler's business, remaining here till 1871, when he remove 1 t'j McArthur, Vinton County. April 20, 1837, he married Ann Cowell, who was born in Berkshire. England, Sept. 20, 1815. When four years of age she immigrated to America with her mother and relatives, her father being dead. They had nine children, five sons and four daughters. He resided at McArthur until the death of his wife. Feb. l' ». 1 V 7S when he began to live with his children. He is now living with his son. David C. Corn- well, at Athens. He experienced religion in 1830 and joined the Presbyterian church, from which he withdrew in 1 83 1 and joined the Methodist church. In ,1 851 he was ordained a Deacon. He has been a member of the church at Athens since 1868. Alansoa Courtney, farmer, was born near Newport. Washing- ton Co., Ohio, Aug. 26, 1797. He is the- oldest son of Neal and Mary (MeLane) Cjurtney. lie lived with his parents until manhood, receiving a common-school education. At the age of 328 HISTORY OF HOCK I NO VALLKY. twenty-one years he purchased a farm in Dover Township, Athens Co., Ohio, and has farmed it up to the present time. May, 1818, he married Nancy, daughter of Samuel and Mary Camby, of Athens County. They had nine children, seven now living- — Mary, wife of Joseph Eten, of Chauncey, Ohio; Caroline' wife of Peter Hixson, Ames Township; Louisa, wife of Robert Carpenter, of Monroe County, Ohio; Allen V. M., Rufus, Hen- rietta and Zimrode. His son, Alonzo Courtney, enlisted in Com- pany A, Sixty-third Ohio Infantry, Oct. 20, 1861, as First Sergeant, and was with his regiment in all the battles from New Madrid, Mo., to Atlanta, Ga., and re-onlisted as a veteran in the same regiment, Dec. 22, 1863, as a private. He was taken prisoner near Atlanta, Gi., July 22, 1864, and was confined in Aniersmville Prison for a time, and from there to Floreuce, where he died Feb. 5. 1865, at the age ot twenty-four years. His son William died May 21, 1875, at the age of forty-eight years. His wife died Aug. 31, 1851. March 24, 1856, he married Mrs. Mary Pyle, widow of Jesse Pyle, of Belmont County, Ohio. They had no children. She died May 10, 1861. Allen V. M. Courtney, farmer, of Djver Township, second son of Alanson and Nancy (Camby) Courtney, was born in Dover Township, Athens Co., Ohio, O^t. 22, 1828, and has lived with his father up to the present time. He was educated in the common schools. In May, 1863, he enlisted in the Fourty-fourth Regiment, Ohio Home Guards, Company A; remained with the regiment until Nov. 10, 1863, when he enlisted in Company II, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, as a private, and served a short time, when he was transferred to Company A, same regiment. In July, 1864, he was appointed Military Postmaster's Clerk at Chattanooga, Tenn., and tilled that position until Aug. I, 1865. lie then reported to hi; regiment at Augusta, Ga., where he was mustered out, receiv- ing his discharge at Camp Chase, Ohio, O^t. 9, 1865. He then returned home and has continued farming up to this time. He is a Master Mason and member of Paramnthi i Lodge, No. 25, F. & A. M., Athens, Ohio, and is also a member of the chapter. Ee is a member of the Methodist church. El< Cushman Cripp //, an "1 1 resident of Athens, was bom Dee. 28, 1811, in that city, where he was reared and has lived all his life. Bis parents were Amos and Amelia (Stea Imam Crippen. His father was a man of some prominence, being at one time As- sociate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Athens County, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 329 and having served as Treasurer of the same county for eight years. He was also Postmaster of Athens a number of years. He was by trade a blacksmith, Eli learning the trade of him when a boy. Afcer attaining his majority our subject becam3 associated with his father in the business, under the firm name of Agios Crip pen & Son. The firm existed until tin death of the senior member, in Feb- ruary, 1856. Since then our subject has carried on the business alone. In 1S65 he was appointed Postmaster of Athens by Presi- dent Lincoln, and served as such three years, when, not meeting with approbation during President Johnson's administration, he was removed from office. Dec. 2, 1841, he married Kate C. Whip- ple, daughter of Jeremiah Whipple, residing near Athens. Mr. and Mrs. Crippen have three children living — Henry C, mail agent on the M. & C. K. R. ; Carrie, wife of Rev. Silas Prulen, of Brownsville, Cal., and Celia A., wife of Rev. David Morgan, of St. Paul, Minn. They have lost two children — Willie C, who died in infancy, and Frank M., who died Feb. 4, 1875, at the age of seventeen. Mr. Crippen is a member of the Universalist church at Rutland, Meigs Co., Ohio; his wife, of the First Presby- terian Church at Athens. John K. Cuckler. son of W. II. and Elizabeth Cuckler, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, Dec. 15, 1840. When he was eleven years of age his parents came to Athens County and located in Athens Township. During the late war he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Forty-first Ohio Infantry, and served four months. He was married Oct. 20, 1870, to Jennie Bartley, of Pike County, Ohio. They have three children — Minnie L., William B., and Maggie J. Mr. Cuckler has a fine farm of 150 aires and a good residence and farm buildings. He has one of the best orchards in this township. He has been Township Trustee four years. He is a member of the Methodist church. Judge Ebenezer Currier came to Athen3 in 1806, where he was a leading citizen until his death, March 2, 1851. He was promi- nently connected with every laudable public enterprise during his time; was possessed of ample means, and was a most reliable man, especially in his time, when most of those about him were in poor circumstances. By his generosity and the interest he took in aiding the pioneer settlers to secure permanent homes he soon became known as the poor man's friend, to whom all looked with confidence when substantial aid was needed. We give an example of the way this man helped to promote the early development of the 330 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. country: He would furnish poor men the money to pay for land, and although securing himself with a mortgage, would accept, in some cases, 50 cents on the dollar or let the debts run forty years, or as he did some, until after his death, without fore- closing the mortgage. To such men as this too much credit can hardly be given for the success of new countries, and we feel justi- fied in saying that no man deserves more credit for the success of Athena County than Judge Currier. lie was born at Hempstead, Rockingham Co., N. II., Dec. 15, 1772. His early education was received at the public schools, afterward completed at Exeter, Mass., where he was a schoolmate of General Lewis Cass. He came to Marietta in 1804, and to Athens in 1S06. His permanent business was that of a merchant, doing a large wholesale and retail business. Besides this he owned and superintended a farm and carried on a pri- vate banking business. He tilled, during his lifetime, a number of minor offices, among them Justice of the Peace, County Treasurer and County Commissioner. lie was for many years Treasurer of the Ohio Universitv. taking great interest in the success of that insti- tution. He was four times elected to the State Legislature, serving both as Senator and Member of the Lower House, and was Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for about twenty-one year.-. He was a great reader, devoting much of his time to the study ot the science of government and to American politics. He took an active interest in both local and national politics, being the recog- nized leader of his party in his own county. He was married in 1S07 to Miss Olive Crippen, who, with her mother, came from the East to Ohio in its earliest settlement. She survived her husband seventeen years John Perkins Dre, an 1 Treasurer of the same for a long term ofyears ; Mayor for many consecutive terms: member of th s Board of Trustees of the Ohio University, b3ing Secretary an 1 Auditor of that time-honored institution many years, resignin g finally on ace >u at of infirm health, which rendered him unable to attend to the responsibility of its position. One of his most prom- inent and distinguished traits was his sterling and uncompromising integrity and honesty, which m irked his every dealing in pro- fessional and business life, equally in small asin large affairs. As a Mason he waszealous and prominent, presiding many times in the different bodies. Was High Priest oi Athens K. A. Chapter fif- teen years, and Treasurer of all the bodies many ye irs. lie was a char- ter mambir of Athens Commandery of Knights Templar, No. 15, and for many years represente 1 the different orders in the Grand Bodies, and took a very active part in their proceedings, usually being assigned to positions upon the m >st important committees. Captain Dana was a member of the Methodisl Episcopal church, and was a zealous Republican. Of friends he had legions; of ene- mies none. He died at Athens, O., July 10, 18S1. Jesse Davis was born in Cadiz, Harrison Co., Ohio, Jan. 30, L828. When ten years oi age he came with his brother Thomas to Athens, where he has since resided. His mother died when he HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 333 was five, and his father when lie was twelve years ot age. lie was thus early thrown on his own resource?. He received a com- mon-school education, and when twelve years of age was appren- ticed to learn the wool-carding business; but, not liking the business, at the end of his three years, began to learn the shoe- maker's trade, which he afterward worked at ten years. Since then he has been in the grocery and mercantile business. July 3, 1850, he married Elizabeth Warren, of Canaan Township. They have eight children — Ambrose, George W., Fred, Lancaster, Lou Jesse, Ida and Bee. Mrs. Davis is a member of the Methodist church of Athens. Mr. Davis is a member of Paramuthia Lodtre. No. 25, Athens. He has served as Trustee of Athens Township four years, and as a member of the City Council two years. William Eben Dean, stone-mason, was born in Athens, Aug. 2, 1840, where he has lived all his life, excepting when serving in the Union army. In April, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Third Ohio Infantry, and served three months, when he again en. listed in Company D, Fourth W. Va. Infantry, and served until the spring of 1803, when he re-enlisted in the same company and regiment as a veteran and served until the close of the war, being discharged at Wheeling, Va., in March, 1805. He then returned to Athens, and was soon after appointed Postal Clerk in the House of Representatives at Washington, D. C, under Colonel Given, the Postmaster of that body, and served as such until the close of the session in 1867, when he returned to Athens, and has pursued the vocation of a stone-mason ever since. May 2, 1868, he was married to Miss Martha Gabriel, daughter of William Gabriel, of Athens. They have two children — Frank C. and Minnie F. Mi\ Dean is a member of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R. Gtorge Albert Dille, a dentist of Athens, was born near the vil- lage of Ontario, Ohio, May 3, 1849. He is the son of John R. and Nancy (Rogers) Dille, with whom he lived until he was twenty, and was given a good education. In his nineteenth year he began teaching school and taught for two years, when, in 1870, he began the study of dentistry in the office of Dr. F. D. Coleman, at La Salle, 111., and studied under his tutorship eighteen months. He then went to Mansfield, Ohio, and studied eighteen months un- der Dr. L. W. Nevins, forming a co-partnership with him in dentistry at the end ot that time, under the firm name of Nevins & Dille. The co-partnership was dissolved Nov. 1, 1875, Mr. Dille going to Lima, Ohio, where he practiced until June, 1879, 834 BISTORT OF BOOKING VALLET. when he came to Athens and established his present practice. Oct. 14, L875, he married Lou (\, daughter of Esau W. Num- bers, of Iberia, Ohio. They have three children — John Mar. [va Pauline and Anna Helen. Mr. Dille and wife are members of the First Presbyterian Church at Athens, of which he is a Ruling Elder, and also Superintendent oi the Sabbath-school. Hadley King Dorr, druggist of Athens, is a son of Joseph ami Dorcas (Mathena) Dorr, lie was horn near Athens. Sept. 1". L852; there lived with his parents until ho was seventeen, ami was educa- ted, in the common sohooland Ohio University. On leaving home, which he did in 1870, he became associated with his brother, Dr. Eber Q-. Dorr, in the drug business at Athens, under the firm name of E. Gh DorrA Co. In l^To the linn name was changed to H. K Dorr & Co., his brother, though still associated with him, opening a drug store at Columbus, Ohio. In L876 his brother retired from the firm. Since that time he has continued the business alone, at Athens. Mr. Dorr is a Mason and a member ot' Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, and an Odd Fellow, and member of Serene Lodge, No. 479, oi Athens. Joseph Dorr, a resident of Athens, was born in the vicinity ot Athens. J une 1, L816. He was reared a tanner and has pursued that avocation all his life in Athens Township, excepting one year, during which he lived in Hover Township. He worked as a farm- hand until IM 1. when he purchased a farm on Sugar Creek, three miles north ot' Athens, on which he lived until L854, when he sold it and purchased a farm onWolf's Plains, three miles west of Athens. There he lived until 1ST I; since that year he has had if fanned by tenants and he himself has resided in Athens. March 1. 1M1. he married Dorcas, daughter ot' John Mathena, ot' Athens. They have four children — Dr. Eber Q-., of Texas; Lucy C, now wife of David C. Oasto, "( West Virginia; Hadley K., druggist oi Athens, and Laura Frances. Mr. Dorr is a member ot' the Meth- odist Episcopal church ot' Wolfs Plains. v Jos Edmundson, dentist at Athens, was born July L840, in Pittsburg, Fa., where he was reared, and educated in the common schools until he was fifteen, lie then attended the Iron City College ot' Pittsburg, for three years, and Duff's College, of the same city, one year. He then taught bookkeeping and pen mauship in Ohio about one year, and then began the study k>{ med icine and dentistry in private. In lStil he entered the dental office of Dr. Jacob Qreenawalt, of Pittsburg, and was under his tutor- togg i 4^ ^ s K HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 335 ship some four years, in the meantime acting as an assistant in the surgical hospital at Pittsburg. In 1865 he located on Smithfield street, Pittsburg, having formed a partnership in dentistry with Dr. Hoffman, under the firm name of Edmundson & Hoffman. Six months later he retired from the firm and traveled through Ohio and Pennsylvania until the spring of 1866, when he located at Plymouth, Ohio. In the spring of 1870 he removed to Athens and established his present dental practice. March 7, 1867, he married Margaret Black, of Pittsburg, six children being born to them — Mary E., William T., James L., Charles G., Clyde M. and Edith. Mr. Edmundson and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Athens. Our subject is an Odd Fellow, and a member of Sereno Lodge, No. 479, of Athens. Alexander Ewing, assistant in the Auditors office at Athens, was born in Lancaster County, Pa., Aug. 23, 1824. When he was two years old his parents, Thomas and Mary (Gallaway) Ewing, removed to the region of Mount Pleasant, Ohio, where he was reared, receiving a common-school education. At the age of fifteen he began the woolen manufacturing trade in McKei's woolen mills near Mount Pleasant, where he worked until 1S48. From 1849 until 1857 he was engaged in the livery business at Warren- ton, Ohio. In 1858 he was elected County Recorder of Jefferson County, and re-elected in 1861. From 1865 to 1868 he acted as insurance agent and traveling salesman. He came to Athens in April, 1868, and rented the Herrold Woolen Mills, manufactur- ing woolen goods until 1872. He entered the County Auditor's office at Athens as an assistant, December, 1872, and has remained there ever since. In March, 1849, he was married to Mary A. Moore, of Mount Pleasant, Ohio, three children being born to them — George Y., now station agent at McArthur's Junction; Jane, still at home, and John A., now telegraph operator at Big Springs, Texas. Mr. Ewing is an Odd Fellow, a member of Good- will Lodge, No. 143, Steubenville, Ohio, also a charter member of Athens Encampment, No. 17.">, of Athens. John Finsterwald, a farmer of Athens Township, was born in Ames Township, Athens County, Jan. 1, 1820. His parents, John and Catherine (Stalder) Finsterwald, came from Switzerland in 1819, and settled in Ames Township, where he was born. His father died when he was fifteen years of age and he lived with his mother until manhood. In April, 1842, he was married to Man- Ann, daughter of Jonathan Hill, of Ames Township. He farmed 336 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. as a renter until 1844:, when he was employed by Judge B. Pruden to work in his salt works near Athens, nine years. He then purchased a farm in the vicinity of Athens and followed farming until 1S58, when he was employed in the Ballard Salt Works until 1867. lie then went to McCuneville, in Perry County, and worked in the McCune Salt Works until 1S70, when he returned to his farm, where he still resides. lie has been Road Supervisor of Athens Township seven years. He has eight children —Catherine, wife of Pearson Duffy, of Perry County; Lucy, wife of Spence Hill, of the same county; Eliza, Ada, Peter, Marshall, of Athens; Henry, of Ludlow Grove, Onio; Charles, of Athens Township, and John, an attendant of Athens Asylum for the Insane. Peter Finxterwald, Marshal of Athens, was born in Ames Town- ship, Athens Co., Ohio, Feb. 23, 184:3. He was reared a farmer and lived with his parents, John and Mary ( Hill ) Finsterwald. until he was nineteen years of age, when, in 1S62, he enlisted in Company A, Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, as a private. He partic- ipated in the battles of Mission Ridge, Chickamauga, Dalton, Kennesaw Mountain, Resaca, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Savan- nah, Charleston and Bentonville. He was discharged as a Ser- geant at the expiration of his term of service at Washington, D. C, June 20, 1865. He then returned home and worked on the farm with his father until 1S67, when he rented a farm where he lived till 1871. He then came to Athens and followed teaming until the spring of 1875, when he was elected Street Commis- sioner, and has held the office by re-election ever since. In 1S82 he received the appointment of Marshal of Athens. He has been twice married. I lis first wife was Emma M. Bing, of Athens, whom he married in August, 1867, and who died in 1873, leaving four chil- dren — Frederick, Elsie, Carlos and William. In October, 1876, he was married to Mary O. Crippen, of Rome Township, Athens County. They have two children — Artemus and Gertrude. Mr. Finsterwald is a member of the Knights of Pythias and of Colum- bus Golden Post, No. S9, G. A. R. Adolphus Benjamin Frame, M. D., was born in Coolville, Ath- ens Co., Ohio, Jan. 4, 1840. He is the son of John and Mary ( Nesmith) Frame. He remained at home until September, 1859, at which time he entered Marietta College, attending there until the fall of 1862, when he entered the Union Army as Second Lieu- tenant of Company I, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Volunteer HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 337 Infantry, being commissioned by Governor David Todd, Aug. L6, 1862. He was promoted to Fir^t Lieutenant, Jan. 31, LS63, and to Captain, Dec. 27, 1864. He served witii his regiment in the Shenan- doah Valley, under Generals Melroy, Seigle, Hunter, Crook and Sheridan, until December, 1864, when it was transferred to the Army of the James. March 1, L865, he was honorably discharged, by order of the War Department, and on the following day was commissioned Adjutant of the One Hundred and Eighty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served with this regiment in the Army of the Cumberland from March, 1865, until September of the same year, when the regiment was mustered out, at the close of the war. Immediately after quitting the service, he began the study of medicine witli Dr. A. P>. Monahan, at Jackson, Ohio. lie graduated from the medical college .at Cincinnati, in March, 1 368, after taking two full courses of lectures. He then prac- ticed at Coolville, Ohio, until May. 1872, when he came to Ath- ens. Dec. 21, 1868, he married Miss Mary Elizabeth Morris, daughter <>f Charles Morris, of Athens. They have one child — Mary Lydia. Jan. 5, 1S74, Mr. Frame was appointed United States Pension Examining Surgeon, by the Government. March 7, 1S77, he was appointed a Trustee of the Athens Asylum for the Insane, by Governor Thomas L. Young. lie is a member of the Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M.,at Athens, and also one of the charter members of the Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. U., he being Surgeon of the post and Deputy of Ohio. John Adrian Frame, M. D., was born at Coolville, Athens County, Feb. 26, 1850, and is a son of John and Mary (Nesmith) Frame. He lived, with his parents until manhood at his birth, place, and was educated in the High School of that place. In October, 1879, he began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. G. W. Ilarman, at Coolville, and was under his preceptorship for three years. He graduated as M. D. from the Ohio Medical Col- lege at Cincinnati — after taking two courses — in 1872. He then began his practice in Coolville, where he remained until L875,when he went to Jacksonville, Ohio, and practiced nine months. He then came to Athens and established himself in his present prac- tice. June 3, 1874, he married Miss Elizabeth Morrison, daughter of Alfred Morrison, of Athens County. They have one child — Adrienne. John Friday, of the firm of D. Zenner & Co , merchants oi Athens, was born near Nuremberg, Bavaria, June 11,1834. He 22 338 HISTORY OF HOCKIXG VALLEY. was educated in the schools of Nuremberg up to the year 1849, when, at the age of fourteen, he emigrated to America. He was employed as clerk in store* at Cincinnati. Ohio, and Rushville, Ind., until 1853. He then'engaged in the mercantile business at Salem, Ohio, Rochester, Ind.. and Wellsville, Ohio, until 1858, when he removed to Steubenville, Ohio. Here he engaged in the mercantile business until 1867, when he came to. Athens and became associated with D. Zenner, under the firm name of D. Zeuner & Co. In October, 186S, he married Miss Rebecca Zenner, daughter of D. Zenner, of Athens. He is a demitted Mason, a member of Good Will Lodge, No. 113, and Nimrod Encampment, No. 3, I. O. O. F., at Steubenville, Ohio. Leopold Friday, of the firm of D. Zenner & Co., of Athens, was born near Nuremberg, Bavaria, July 13, 1812. At the age of fifteen he was apprenticed to learn the mercantile business at Bayreuth, serving three years. He then clerked for his father until he reached his majority. In 1861 he emigrated to America. He was employed as stockman in a wholesale house at Cincinnati for about six months, at very low wages; then went to Nashville, Tenn., and clerked one year. He then went to Memphis and thence to St. Louis; not finding employment, went to Dakota Territory, where he worked at manual labor, enduring all the hardships and privations of a frontier life for three years. He returned to Ohio in 1869 and was employed for some six mouths as a farm hand by D. Zenner, living near Athens, when by the advice of his relatives and friends he entered, as a clerk, the store of D. Zenner & Co., his brother being the company. By hard work and attention to business he became a member of the firm in 1875. June 11. L876, he was married to Julia, daughter of D. Zenner. He is a Master, Royal Arch and Council Mason, and a member of the lodge, chapter and council at Logan, Ohio, lie is a member of Sereno Lodge, No. 479, and Athenian Encampment, No. 175, I. O.O. F.. at Athens, and lias passed all the chairs in both subordinate lodges and encampments. Be is also a member of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 1,880, K. of P., of Logan. James B. Fulton, grocer, Athens, was born in Athens Town- ship, Nov. 10, 1855, where he was reared and educated. He is the youngest of three sons of Robert and Elizabeth (Robinson) Fulton. tie begin business for himself in 1878, by dealing in wool. Dur- ing JS80 lie was employed as clerk in the grocery store of J. O. Whipple, Athens. In 18S2 he opened the store where he is now HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 339 doing a good business. Nov. 8, 18S2, he married Etta Wilson, of Vinton County, O. They are members of the Methodist Episco- pal church. Mr. Fulton is a member of Sereno Lodge, No. 470, I. O. O. F., Athens. Reason Gabriel, born Sept. 28, 1815, in Alexander Township, Athens Co., Ohio, is the third of four sons of Abram and Polly (Higgins) Gabriel. Dec. 31, L835, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Tederman Allen, of Philadelphia, Pa. He purchased a farm in Waterloo Township where he lived three years; then sold it and bought one in Athens Township, which he still owns. In 1855 he moved into Athens, where he still resides, his farm being carried on by tenants. Mrs. Gabriel died Oct. 25, 1S62. They had seven children — Sarah A., now Mrs. Asa Love, of Athens; Abram, of Athens; Mary M., now Mrs. C. S. Rose, of Columbus; Orpha, now Mrs. John Wyland, of Columbus; Elizabeth, now Mrs. Henry Kilburn, of Columbus; Charles, of Columbus, and one who died in infancy. Jan. 10, 1875, Mr. Gabriel married Eliza- beth, daughter of John and Serena (Andrew) Clutter, of Washing- ton, Pa. Mrs. Gabriel is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, Athens. James Gilly, son of William and Frances Gilly, was born Nov. 22, 1S15, on the farm where he now resides. His youth was spent in working on the farm and attending the common schools of the neighborhood. He was married when twenty years of age to Sarah Johnson, of this township. They have two children — Luella and Tabitha. Mr. and Mrs. Gilly are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Gilly has a good farm of 11^ acres, all well improved, William Gilly, son of William and Sarah Gilly, was born in Pennsylvania, Dec. 15, 1816. When he was twelve years of age his parents came to Ohio, settling in Alexander Township, Athens County. He was married when twenty years of age to Frances Hill, of Athens County. Their children are — Calvin, Frank, Henry. William, Becky, Frances, James and Elizabeth. Mr. Gilly has a line farm of 710 acres, which he has acquired by his frugality and industry. 0. Dent Gist was born Muskingum County, O., Jan. 13, 1811. He is the second son of Charles W. and Melinda (Wilson) Gist, his father a native of Frederick County, Md., and his mother of Muskingum County. Our subject was reared on a farm and re- ceived his early education in the common schools, and completed it 140 HISTORY OF 110CKINO VALLEY. at Now Plymouth Academy, Vinton County. lie enlisted as a private in Company F. One Hundred and Fourteenth Ohio Infantry, Aug. 22, L862, and during his service was promoted to Commissary Sergeant. lie participated in many ot' the hard-fought battles of the Rebellion, and bravely performed the duties of a soldieruntil the closeof the war. and was mustered out at Houston, Texas, July 17. L865. He then returned home and became engaged in the mercantile business, which he has since pursued, lie was married Nov. 30, 1ST 1. to Susie Allen, daughter ofDavid and Mary J. Allen, who were among the pioneers of Athens. By this union are three* children — Dollie, born Sept. 1. L872; Gracie, born March 28, L875; John D., born Oct. 7, 1878. Air. Gist is a member of the G. A. II . Columbus Golden Tost. No. 89, which is located at Athens, Ohio. Major Elmer Golden, grocer, was bom in Alexander Town- ship, Athens Co., Ohio, April 12, L835, the son of William and Jane (Crossen) Golden. He was reared in Athens County. At the age of twelve years he began to clerk in the store of Oliver Pickering, and afterward clerked in different stores in Athens until L855, when he became associated with D. Zenner in the mer- cantile business, the firm name being Zenner & Golden. In July, L862, he received a recruiting commission as Captain, and in ten days' time recruited 143 men; out of that number Company A. Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, was organized, of which he was elected Captain. The excess o( men were transferred to other companies, lie served as Captain until March, L863, when he was promoted to Major o( his regiment, lie was discharged Dee. 8, L863, for disability, and returned to Athens. He participated in the battles of Chickamauga, Mission Ridge and others vt' less importance. In L865 he retired from the firm (<( Zenner & Golden and was employed as salesman in the wholesale dry goods house of Thompson & lveen, ol! Cincinnati. In 1866 he engaged in the hardware business at Jackson, Ohio. In 1868 he removed with his stock o( hardware to Garnett, Kan., where he remained until March, 1>74, when, discontinuing the business, he returned to Athens and became proprietor o( the Brown Hotel. In May, L878, he took charge ^t the Warren House, which he kept until November, L882. March t, 1 S S'2. he engaged in his present gro- cery business. Dec 6, 1856, he was married to Miss Mary B- Cooley, of Athens, who died March L3, L862, leaving two children — Will B., a clerk in the Bank of Athens, and Bessie P., wife of Dr. Charles A. Cable, of Logan. He was again married. Sept 20, 18 HI8T0EY OF HO< KING VALLEY. '.'A\ to Miss Hattie A. Butin, of Logan, Ohio. Major Golden is a Free- mason, deniitted from the lodge at -. ; Ohio. He is a mem- ber of Columbue G-olden Post,No. 89, G. A. K, of Athens, of which he is Junior V^ce-Commander. William Golden, Esq., Justice ol the Peace of Athens, was born near Lewis town, Pa., Oct. 5, 1799. He is the son of Barnabas and Mary (Campbell) Golden. Hi-, mother died when he was an in- fant and lie was left in the care of an uncle in Mifflin County, J'a.. with whom he lived, receiving a common-school education, until lie was fourteen; at thai age he began to maintain himself by vari- ous employments. In his seventeenth year he went to Allenville, Mifflin C unity, and waa apprenticed to learn the tra le of plasterer, ing three years, when, in 181 3, he came to Ohio and worked at his trade in Woo3ter, Wayne County, until ls20. During the win- ter, when he could not work at his trade, he taught 8 ihool. He then went to Perry County, living there until 1823, when he came to Athens, working there as a plasterer till L829, when he pur- chased a farm in Alexan ler Township, live miles south of Athi where he farmed until L8i3. Being at that time elected Sheriff of Athens County, he removed to Athens. He held this office two terms of two year- each. In 1847 lie was elected Treasurer of Athens County, and held this position, by re-election, for six years. While living in Alexander Township he- served a- Justice of the Peace for six year-. He is now Justice of the Peace of At! Township, an 1 has hold that position sine- 1864. He a served as Mayor of Athens eight years. Nov.28, 1822, he married Miss Jane Crossen, of Perry County. O. She died at Athens, April 17, 1876. Tliey had nine children, only three of whom are now living — John C, of Texas; Sarah A., wife of Le 1 Steinrod, of Nelsonville, and Major Elmer Golden, of Athens. Hi- children all lived to maturity excepting one tint died in infancy. His son, Cjlumbus Golden, in honor of whom the Grand Army of the Republic ol' Athens named their post, died from wound- received ir Creek, Ark., in l-'!2. He was the first resident of Athens County who fell in that war. Mr. Golden is the oldest Freemason in Athena C >unty. lie has taken the Mas ter, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar degrees, and is a member of the lodge, chapter, council and commandery at Athens. He has also held high p >sitions in these bodies for many y< lion. William Reed Golden^ career was among the men of to-day. As a lawyer and a politician his abilities have b Med, uisreKY OF HOCKING VAU BY. if ever, In this portion of the State. He was born at Athens, April u, 1827, where he died Feb, 17, 1880, aged nearly fifty-three years, He passed his boyhood on his father's farm in Alexander Township, where he attended the district school. He afterward, for three years following 1846, attended the Ohio University. He then studied Athens with Hon. Lot L Smith, and after two terms in \ ional Law School at Ballston, N. V., graduated from it and admitted to the bar in 1851. He at once began the pra< of law in Athens, meeting with good success from the start. He was married in May, 1859, to Miss Kate K. Foster, to whom was born si\ children, five of them survivingthe father. He was twice ted to the ' State Senate, in 1865 and L868, serving four years, representing the district composed of Athens, Hocking and Fairfield counties. In this body he was an able and important member-. In the dark days of the Republic, although from a nat- ural defect unable to take up arms, he was, in sympathy, true to - country. His career as a politician was that of an honorable, patriotic and shrewd gentleman. For many wars he was the lead- spirit in his, the Democratic, party in this part of the State, and whether on the stump or in the committee room was a formidable adversary to his party opponents. A.S a lawyer he was polite to those about him, and exceptionally shrewd in the conduct ot a ease, lie was not only shrewd, but well informed on the substantial prin- ciples of the science of law, being able to conduct his business in a prompt and masterly way. His natural ability was, however, s erally supposed to be far in advance of his real attainments. Being of a careless disposition, he let his impulsive nature take its course, unrestrained by a desire for self-improvement or by moral precept. But for all this, he never forgot the instincts of honor to his fellow- men and. WS if his country, lie wasot a genial andeordial disposition, steadfast to his friends and honorable toward all. lis taults were the weaknesses of human nature, in which he injured so much as himself, lie made no pretension to be other than what he was —equally as honorable and outspoken in this as in his public and professional business, lie was highly respected and honored as an able and genial companion by his assoeiates at the - - a farmer o( Athens Township, where he was born Sep^. 17, m ^( David and Clai (Baker) Goodspeed. After becoming ^t' age he lived on the d with his parents until his mar: Nancy Coats. HI6TOB* 01 H0< KING GALLEY. 343 daughter of Arthur Coats, of Athens, June 27. L858, when he settled on a farm he had purchased in Athens Township, on which ived twelve yean-. In 1870 he returned to the homestead, which he now owns. His farm, in all, embraces 500 acres. With farming he does an extensive teaming bug contract. lie - now a Trustee of At] vnship and hi veral He- lias served nine e year as Land Appraiser. He has three children — George Elza and la (twins), and Mattie 1 . all still aJt home. lie is a ter, Royal Arch. Council and Knight Templai member oft! chapter, council and commandery at At! Joseph McKendree Goodspeed, £ i endent of the Dnion Public Se »f Athens, was bom near Athens He rily son of Ezra and Matilda (Rose) Goodf-peed, with m he lived until manhood, and v.. eal educal lie graduated from the Ohio ' ity in the class of 1859. lie had, however, taught school several terms before his graduation, and afterward, during chool in ounty. In September, I860, hei the po sition of Principal of the Carrollt< i rro'.lton, K y the breaking out of the war. id 1861, he resigned his position and, returning to Ohi sioned a Second Lieutenant and recruited Company E, Seventy-fifth Infantry, Ohio Volunte< Upon the _•■ zation of the company he wa- Firsf Lieu- nt and so commie eh until November, 1 when he on on account of failing health. While serving he participated in th< . ments at McDowell, sburgh, S r Mounti Ford and Second Bull with the On< Hundred and fir • !:• - Adjutant. He served 100 di and then served with his regiment on guard duty at Barbours- vilie, W. Va., until 1 'ation of his term of fall oi 1864 he was employed in the commission house of R. II. vart at Cincinnati, and while there. Jan. 14. 1865, he was mar- ried to Mary C. Clark, daughter of Rev. .). W. Clark, of that c He then returned to At] nty and farmed his father's farm until September, 1866, when he -■ rintendent oi n Publi< Ls of Athens, by the Athens Board ol tion. and has filled that position -• April 1, 1874, wife died at Ath< ing him children — Gertrude and Eliza, th dying 344 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Mr. Goodspeed is a prominent Mason and has taken the degrees np to thirty-second of the Scottish rite. From 1S691 to 1S75 he was Worshipful Master of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, of Athens; II gh Priest of Athens Chapter, No. 39, from 1^74 to the present time; Eminent Commander of Athens Commandery from L874 to 1 876, also from 1877 to the present time (1883). Daring 1880 and 1881 he was Most Illustrious Master of the Grand Council of Ohio, and during the same years was Senior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge of Ohio. In 1882 he was elected Deput} r Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ohio and now holds that position. Mr. Goodspeed is a Director of the First National Bank of Athens, and President of both the Citizens Building and Loan Association and the Home Building Association, of Athens. Granville Lucius Gorslene, M. D., of Athens, was born at Ath- ens, July 16, 1837. He is the son of James M. and Maria (Qui m by) Gorslene. He was educated by taking an irregular course at the Manual Labor School, at Albany, now the Atwood Institute. At the age of twenty he bsgan the study of medicine under the tutorship of Dr. C. L. Wilson, at Albany, with whom he studied and practiced four years. He then practiced and studied at Ham- den, Vinton County. He graduated as M. D. from the Starling Medical College, at Columbus, Ohio, Feb. 28, 1865. He continued his practice at Ilamden until 1873, when he came to Athens and became associated with Dr. EL M. Lash, under the firm name of Lash & Gorslene. Two years later he withdrew from the firm and practiced alone until 1S76, when he removed to Austin, Texas, and practiced there one year, when, on account of impaired health, he returned to Ohio and practiced at Hamden until 1ST'.', when he again came to Athens and established his present practice. In April, 1882. he was appointed one of the Board of Examiners at Athens by the Pension Commissioner. May 20, 1862, he mar- ried Miss Mary Charlotte Strahl, daughter of John and Hannah (Snitt) Strahl. They have two children — James M., a student of the Ohio University, and Clara Lula. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Athens and has served as Ruling Elder since 1874. He is a Mister, Royal Arch and Council Mason, and a member of the lodge at Hamden and of the chap- ter and council at Athens. George T. Gould, of Athens, was born at Kennebunk Po:% a coast town in the State of Maine, Nov. 24, 1825. His father, Thomas F. Gould, of Scotch ancestry, was a sea captain and finally HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 34:} lost at sea. His mother, Lyntha Miller, was of English descent. George T. Gould was educated in the public schools at Lewiston, Maine, where the family moved when he was yet a child. He came *o Ohio in November, 1852, brought hither by the construction of the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad, on which he was a contrac- tor. After the completion of this road, he, in connection with M. M. Green, of Columbus, engaged in business at Salina, where they invested a large amount of capital and carried on various businesses, including salt-making, coal-mining, pork-packing, and dealing in grain, wool and general merchandise. After a residence at Salina of twelve or fourteen years he removed to Lancaster when the Co- lumbus & Hocking Valley Railroad was being built, and on which he had a contract for the construction from Lancaster to Ath- ens. A number of years previous to the close of business at Salimt, Mr. Green had withdrawn and Mr. Gould was alone. In 1878 he went to South America, where he was, for a time, superin- tendent of the mines of the Telimb'a Mining Company, of which he was a member. For a few years following this he was in California superintending mines, a part of the time havi g as many as four different mines under his control. For the last few years he has been engaged in various pursuits. Few men have had so wide an experience in business pursuits as Mr. Gould. To mention in detail all of his business relations would, in his own language, " make a book of itself. " In this short sketch we have only noticed those pursuits in which he was more permanently established. More than as many more in which he has been to a great or less extent engaged, might be mentioned. In his business pursuits lie has traveled through more than two thirds of the States and Territories of the Union, and through a greater part of both Upper and Lower Canada and parts of South America. He was married Oct. 24, 1855, to Miss Minerva Brown, daughter of the late John B. Brown, of Ames Township. They have six children, live; daughters and one son, all living. Fliiley Perrij Graham, photographer at Athens, was born near McKeesport, Pa., Nov. 2s, 1842. He lived with his parents, George and Mary Jane (Maines) Graham, until he was nineteen, when he joined the Union army, enlisting in Company F, Thirty - sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, serving three years. He partici- pated in a number of battles and skirmishes, the most important being South Mountain, Antietam (being wounded at the battle), Hoover's Gap and Kernstown. At the battle of Kernstown he was 346 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. taken prisoner and imprisoned at Winchester, Lynchburg, Dan- ville and Libby Prison, making in all seven months of imprison- ment; at the end of this time he was exchanged at Annapolis. He was then granted a furlough, his health being impaired by his prison life, when he returned to Ohio to gain strength. He re- joined his regiment at Winchester, Va., and served until his discharge at the expiration of his term of service, June, 1865. He then returned to his father, at Plymouth, Washington Co., Ohio. The following August he went to Chesterfield, Ohio, and began learning the art of photographing, with his uncle, William S. Waugh, remaining with him four months, when he returned to Plymouth, where he did photographing until 1S72. He afterward carried on the same business at Lexington and Logan until 1874> when he came to Athens and established his present gallery. Nov. 8, 1866, he married Hattie T. Selby, of Athens County, Ohio. They have four children — George II., Clarence Arthur, Mabel L. and Lulu Selby. They lost one by death — Ida A., who died at Logan, Aug. 5, 1873, at the age of nine months. Mr. Graham and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Athens. Our subject is a member of Columbus Golden Post, No- 89, G. A. E. James Grim was born April -i, 1835, near New Lisbon, Ohio. When fifteen years of age he went to Salem and learned the mold- er's trade, serving an apprenticeship with Samuel Taylor. In 1853 he went to Cleveland and worked in the foundry- of Merchant & Ingersoll a year. In 1S5' 1 ) he came to Athens and was employed as molder in the foundry of W. W. Love until 1SG6, being absent only 100 days, while serving in Company B, One Hundred and Forty-first Regiment, O. N. G. In 1867 he engaged in the huck- stering business with John Davis, under the name of Davis & Grim. In L868 Mr. Davis withdrew and Mr. Grim continued the business till 1872. From 1872 to 1877 he was in the grocery business, but sold out and was variously employed till August, 1SS0, when he became established in the livery business. In September, 1862, he married Eliza J. Pierce, of Athens. They have seven children — Emma F.. Robert T., Charles A., James C, Eliza J., Myrtle A., and Holly II., all living at home. Hon. Charles H. Grosvenor, attorney at law and a member of the law firm of Grosvenor & Jones, at Athens, and Grosvenor & Vorhes, at Pomeroy, wis born at Pomfret, Conn., Sept. 20, lb33. At the age of live he came with his parents, Peter and Ann HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 347 (Chase) Grosvenor, into Athens County, where they settled in 1838. He is of English ancestry, being a descendant of John Grosvenor, who died at Roxbury, Mass., in 1690, from whom, it js believed, have descended all who bear his name in America. His grandfather, Thomas Grosvenor, served on the personal staff of General Washington during the Revolutionary War, with the rank of Colonel, lie was afterward Judge of the Circuit Court of Con- necticut. His father served in the war of 1812, and was promoter! to the rank of Major of Militia. Our subject received his rudi- mentary education in the district schools of Athens County, and, being thrown upon his own resources at an early age, he was obliged to teacli school, tend store and work on a farm in order to obtain means to further pursue his studies. In his private study he was assisted by his mother, an amiable and intelligent lady, to whom the marked characteristics that distinguish Air. Grosvenor as a lawyer and advocate are largely due Ee studied law under the tutorship of Hon. Lot L. Smith, and was admitted to the bar by the District Court at Athens in 1857, and at once -began the practice of his profession. In 1858 he formed a law partnership with Hon. S. S. Knowles. During the war he enlisted in the Eight- eenth Ohio Infantry, and was soon promoted to Major of his regiment. In June, L863, he was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel, and in April, 1865, to Colonel, with the brevet title of Brigadier- General, he having commanded a brigade at the battle of Nash- ville, and having been recommended by General Steedman, on account of gallant action on the field. The recommendation was endorsed by General George II. Thomas as follows : "Respectfully forwarded and earnestly recommended. Lieutenant-Colonel Grosvenor has served under my command since November, 18G2, and has on all occasions performed his duties with intelligence and zeal. " At the close of the war he returned to Athens and resumed the practice of law, becoming associated with J. M. Dana, Esq., under the firm name of Grosvenor cV Dana, this co-partnership lasting nearly fourteen years. Besides being a prominent lawyer, with an extensive practice in the Supreme Court of Ohio, and all the lower courts in this section of the State, he has the reputation of being an eloquent orator, a successful campaign speaker and a formidable opponent. During the hotly contested Maine campaign of l v 7'.» his assistance was earnestly requested by Hon. James G. Blaine and other distinguished Republicans of that State. Accepting the 348 HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. invitation, he made his first speech at Portland, Aug. 13. He made in all thirty speeches, his stay covering a period of several weeks, he fully vindicating his reputation as an eloquent and popu- lar speaker. In 1872 he was elected one of the Republican Presidential Electors, and was chosen to carry the returns from Ohio to Washington. In 1880 he was elected Presidential Elector at large on the Republican ticket, and took an active part in that campaign, making speeches in five States. Dec. 2 of that year the Republican Presidential Electors and other distinguished citizens of Ohio visited President-elect Garfield to tender him their congratulations on the successful issue of the campaign just closed, and Mr. Grosvenor was choseu spokesman. In 1873 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives, from Athens County, and while a member of that body formed one of several important committees. He was re-elected in 1875, and at its organization was chosen Speaker of the House. Mr. Grosvenor is now a mem- ber of the law firms of Grosvenor & Jones, Athens, and Grosvenor & Vorhees, Pomeroy; the latter firm has existed since 186S. Dec. 1, 1858, he married Samantha Stewart, of Athens County. She died April 2, 1866, leaving one daughter. He was again married, May 21, 1867, to Louise H. Currier, also a native of Athens County. They have two daughters. Isaac Half, upholsterer and dealer in furniture and carpet ings, of Athens, was born in Hagueneaw, Alsace, July 17, 1812. He was educated in the schools of his native city and Strasbourg, where he went at the age of thirteen, and attended the Industrial School four years. He then, 1S60, emigrated to the United States, landing in New York City, July 4. He was first employed in the upholstery house of M. Sfceinhous, where he remained until the fall of 1861, when he came to Athens and was employed as a clerk in the store of I. Selig & Co. He was employed by the same at Athens, Albany and Logan until 1861, when he, with L. Selig. purchased the stock of I. Selig & Co., and established themselves in the mercantile business at Athens, under the firm name of L. Selig & Co. In L868 M. and A. Selig became associated with them, chang- ing the firm name to M. Selig & Cj. The firm dissolving in D-cember, 1882, Mr. Half, the following February, established himself in his present business. He has been a member of the Board of Education of Athens for seven years. He is a Master. Royal Arch and Council Mason and also an Odd Fellow. He is, by birth and education, a Hebrew, and has always adhered to that HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 34$ faith. February, 1865, he married Eva Selig, of Philadelphia, seven children being born to them — Filx, Gertrude, Rodolph, Morris, Samuel, Sophia and Leopold. Robert Emmett Hamblin, Steward and Financial Manager of the Athens Asylum for the Insane, born in Logan, Hockino- Co., Ohio, Aug. 14, 1852, is the son of Emmett and Celestia (Cook) Hamblin. He received his literary education in the schools of Logan and took a commercial course in the Zanesville Business College in 1872. At the age of nineteen he began to teach school, and taught until July, 1874, when he received the appointment of Steward of the Athens Asylum for the Insane. In May, 1878, on account of a change of administration, he was superseded by an- other. In May, 1880, without being solicited, he was again appointed Steward of the asylum and still holds the position. He is a Master, Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason and member ot the lodge, chapter and commandery at Athens. William Hunter Harris, Superintendent and Secretary of the Athens Gas Light Company, was born at Clarksville, W. Va., Sept. 8, 1845, where he lived with his parents, James W. and Per- melia (Burton) Harris, until he was eighteen years of age. He attended schools in Clarksville until his sixteenth year, when he was employed as a clerk in the store of B. F. Shuttleworth for two years. He then came to Athens with his parents and, with his father, engaged in the marble business until 1873, when he became Superintendent and Secretary of the Athens Gas Light Company and has since held that position. Oct. 27, 1869, he married Miss Bettie, daughter of the late George Putnam, of Athens. They had two children — May Putnam and Bessie. Mr. and Mrs. Harris are members of the First Presbyterian Church of Athens. He is a member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. &. A. M. Lafayette Hawk, Recorder of Athens, was born at Wilksville, Vinton Co., Ohio, Aug. 24, 1S43, where he was reared, and lived with his parents until his seventeenth year. He was educated in the common schools. When first leaving home he enlisted in Company C, Thirty-sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry* he served as a private about two years, when he was promoted to Cor- poral, and three months alter, in July, 1863, to Duty Sergeant. July 18, 1864, he was detailed as Sergeant- Major of his regiment. In September of that jjear he was taken prisoner while in an engage- ment at Kernstown, in the Shenandoah Valley, and was imprisoned at Danville,Va., until Oct. 10, when he, with others, made his escape 350 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and returned to the Union lines at Gauley Bridge, Va., being out twenty-eight days. He was returned to his regiment at Oumber- land,Md., in January, 1865; he was soon after promoted to Orderly or First Sergeant, May 16, 1865, he was commissioned Second Lieu- tenant of Company A, of the same regiment; in July, 1865, he was mustered out of the service at Columbus, Ohio, when he Returned home to Vinton County. During 1866 he farmed his father's home- stead, and in 1867 he came to Marshfield, Athens County, and en- gaged in merchandising until 1871, when he engaged in shipping produce at the same place until 1872. He was then employed as a traveling salesman by wholesale houses in Chillicothe and Ports- mouth, Ohio, which he followed, with the exception of three years, until August, 1881. For a short time he was employed as a clerk at Guysville, Athens County. In the fall of 1882 he was elected by the Republican party, Recorder of Athens County, and has just entered upon the duties of that office. Oct. 18, 1866, he married Jennie, daughter of James Maylmgh,of Marshfield, Athens County. They have two children living — Eva and Nellie; they lost one — Nettie — who died June 1, 1879, at the age of twelve years. Mr. Hawk is a Master Mason and member of Constitution Lodge, No. 426, Marshfield, and of Columbus Golden Post, G. A. R., No. 89, Athens. S'das Elson Hedges, Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas of Athens County, is the son of William F. and Sarah (McElhiney) Hedges, and was born in Homer Township, Morgan Co., Ohio. Sept. 26, 1817. He was educated in the common school, besides attending one term at Mount Auburn, Ohio. In 1S68 he took a commercial course at Small's Business College, at Zauesville, Ohio, lie was associated with his father, who was a merchant, as clerk and partner until the death of his father in 1880. After this event he did not engage in any particular occupation until the fall of 1881 when lie was elected Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas of Athens County by the Republican party. Sept. 18, 1871, lie mar- ried Miss Sarah J., daughter of Jackson Franklin, of Morgan County, Ohio. They have three children — William F., Flora II. and Fred A. Charles Booth Henderson, druggist, Athens, was born Feb. 23, 1856, at Parkersburg, W. Va., a son of Richard H. and Anna W. (Shanklin) Eenderson. His parents removed to Wheeling and from there to Belpre, Ohio, and when he was twelve years of age, to Marietta, Ohio. He was educated in the schools of Belpre and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 351 Marietta. When nineteen years of age he returned to Belpre and entered the drug store ot C. II. Johnson, with whom he learned the business, clerking for him three years, till 1878. During 1879 he was employed as bookkeeper for J. W. Moore, of Harmar, Ohio, six months, returning to Athens in December, 1879, when he was employed as clerk by F. E. Waterman a year. In January, 1881, he, in company with P. Carpenter, purchased the drug store of Mr. Waterman and carried on the business under the firm name of Carpenter & Henderson. In January, 1882, he withdrew from the firm, and in February established his present business. Mr. Henderson is a Master, Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason, and a member of lodge, chapter and commandery at Athens. Joseph Herrold, a farmer and mill owner of Athens Township, was born in Ames Township, Athens County (then Washington County), Feb. 2, 1809. He is the son of Christopher and Martha (Cable) Herrold, who came to Washington County in 1798. His father dying when our subject was only thirteen years of age he began to support himself at that age by working as a farm hand at $8 per month. Ln 1833 he worked, under a contractor, on the Ohio Canal for $24 per month. In the latter part of that year he returned to Athens Cjunty and worked for Captain Bingham for $20 per month, and while with him, in 1834, built a fiat-boat and ran it to Cairo for him. In 1836 he began to work as a bridge-builder and continued so until 1849. Many of the bridges built by him are still standing. In 1840 he purchased the mills now known as Hen-old's Mill, on Hocking River, which he rebuilt in 1858 with a run of five pairs of burrs. In 1850 he went to California for his health, accompanied by C. II. Armitage, Isaac Deshler and Isaiah Baker. While in California they established a mercantile house in a mining district, and he was to receive a percentage of their profits for the first eighteen months. He then cruised on the Pacific and Atlantic coasts and returned home during the latter part of 1S50. In 1854 he built the Woolen Mills at Athens, which lie ran up to 1873. In 1858 he purchased 400 acres of coal lands at the mouth of Monday Creek, in York Township, and opened up the Herrold coal mines, employing many miners and shipping his coal to various places on the Hocking Valley Canal up to 1873. In 1860 he purchased the Ballard Salt Works, Athens County, which he enlarged and worked till 1880. In 1857 he again went to California, having been appointed administrator of the estate of C. H. Armitage, who was murdered at Virgin Bay, on the Pacific 352 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Coast, when on a return trip to Athens; and while there, pros- pected on the North Fork of the American River and returned to Athens in 1858. He has been twice married. His first wife was Elizabeth Barker, whom he married in 1830, who died in January, 1849, from the effects of injuries received by a falling bridge near Pomeroy. They had eleven children, five of whom are still living. He married his second wife, Mrs. Orpha Baker, in December, 1849. In 1871 he built his present residence near Athens, it being one of the finest in Athens County. He is a Master, Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason and member of the lodge, chap- ter and commandery at Athens. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church since 1837 and an exhorter for many years. William Henry Herrold, proprietor of Herrold's Mills, is the son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Barker) Herrold, and was born near Athens, April 8, 1833, where he was reared, and received a com- mon-school education. When seventeen years of age he commenced to assist his father in his extensive coal mining, milling and salt manufacturing business. He worked for his father till 1876, when he became associated with him in the milling business. In 18S0 his father gave him two thirds of the mill as his share of the estate, and sold him the remaining third. Mr. Herrold is a practical business man, having received a business education in boyhood, and entered upon a business career before reaching manhoo 1. He was married June 16, 1862, to Orpha Reynolds, of Athens. They have one daughter — Rosa. Joseph S. IL'ggins, farmer, stock dealer and market gardener, Athens Township, second son of Michael and Mary (McClintick) Iliggins, was born in Athens Township, June 30, 1828, and lived with his parents until he was twenty-two years of age; then con- tinued in business with his father until 1862, when he purchased the farm en which he now resides, and was engaged in farming until July 28, 1863; he then enlisted in the Independent Battery of Ohio Volunteer Artillery for sixty days; was appointed Corporal and served as such with his battery through the Morgan invasion of the State. At the expiration of his term of enlistment he was discharged at Camp Denison, Ohio, in November, 1863, and returned home, and has been actively engaged in farming, garden- ing and stock-dealing to the present time. He has served as As- sessor of his township several years. He has been a member of the Board of Agriculture of Athens County for twenty years, serving HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 353 as Vice-President eight years, and President two years. He is a Master Mason and member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, F. & A. M., Athens, Ohio. Sept. 2, 1851, he married Hannah W., daughter of John M. and Amity L. (Lyons) Hibbard, of Athens Township; they have had ten children, nine living — Charlotte E., wife of William H. Wood, of Smithfield, Jefferson County, Ohio; Joseph W., married and living near his father; Cyrus M., Daniel N., John M., Charles II., Mary E., Hannah E., Nettie A. A., all at home. They lost their second child, Sarah E., who died Feb. 22, 1874, at the age of twenty years. Mrs. Mary (McClintick) Hig- gins, his mother, now resides with him. on the farm she settled on in the year 1817. Judiah Biggins, harness-maker, was born near Cadiz, Ohio, May 7,1837. When he was two years old his parents, Edward and Nancy (Collins) Higgins, removed to Athens Township, Athens County. When fifteen he came to Athens and was apprenticed to J. W. Bayard to learn the harness-making trade and served three years. He worked as a journeyman until 1867, when he estab- lished his present shop at Athens. In 1873 he was elected a mem- ber of the Council at Athens and re-eleeted in 1875. In 1873 he was also elected Township Trustee of Athens Township and held the office by re-election for three years. In 1878 he was elected Treasurer of Athens Township and re-elected in 1879. In 1880 he was elected a member of the Board of Education of Athens and still holds that office. In 1858 he was married to Miss Jane Umbowers, ot Athens. They have two children — William Ed- wards and Katy K. Mr. Higgins is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows fraternities at Athens. Amsey Hooper, manufacturer of the Gem bed-springs, Athens, was born in Alexander Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Feb. 11, 1856. He is the fourth of five s^ns of Clement and Rhoda (Axtel) Hooper, with whom he lived till twenty-one years of age. March 8, 1877, he married Maggie Angel, of Lodi Township, and went to finning, following that occupation till 1881, when be came to Athens and was emplo} T ed as a clerk in the grocery of John Gra- ham for eighteen months; then clerked for J. B. Fulton till Jan. 1, 18S3. He is now engaged in the manufacture of the Gem bed- springs, for which there is at present a market in Athens and adjoining counties, with the demand constantly increasing. Mr. and Mrs. Hooper have one child — Ola. 23 354 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Cliarles E M. Jennings was born March 9, 1837, at Catawissa, Columbia Co., Pa., and was brought by his parents the same year to Ohio. They located in Fairfield County, where he lived with them on a farm till the fifteenth year of his age. In 1852 he went into the office of the Lancaster Gazette to learn the trade of a printer. In 185T he went to Loj;an, and assumed the editorial control of the Hocking Valley Republican. Daring the war of the Rebellion lie was Chief Clerk to the Provost Marshal General of Ohio, serving with Colonel Edward A. Parrott of the First Ohio Infantry and Colonel Joseph H. Potter of the regular army. For some time after the war he was the Columbus correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazette, relinquishing the position in 1868, when he purchased the Athens Messenger, of which he has since been editor and proprietor. The Messenger is the old established Repub- lican paper of the county and now, under the editorialship of Mr. Jennings, continues to be one of the most influential papers of Southeastern Ohio. He is an able and easy writer, fearless of all contemporaries, and dauntless in advocating the principles of truth and justice. Robert Malcolm Jennings was born in Cairo, 111., Oct. 17, 1861. His father, Robert M. Jennings, was a son of Junia Jen. nin°rs, of Marietta and was well known along the Ohio River, he having been prominent in steamboat circles for many years. The mother of the subject of this sketch was a grand-daughter of Elijah Ilayward, who held the office of Commissioner of the Laud Office during Jackson's administration, and who subsequently held various offices in Ohio. Mr. Jennings received a grammar-school educa- tion and learned the printer's trade at the Messenger office in Athens. In October of 1882, shortly after the establishment of the Athens Herald, he became a member of the company publish- ing that paper and has since been connected with it as Associate Editor. Evan J. Jones, of the law firm of Grosvenor & Jones, Athens, was born near Centerville, Gallia Co., Ohio, Oct. 3. 1S40. Ilia mother dying when he was about eight years old, he remained in his father's family until his sixteenth year, when he went to Ewing- ton and attended the Ewington Academy one year, he defraying the expenses by teaching district school at Portland and Madison Furnace, Jackson Co., Ohio. In the spring of 1S69 he went to Lebanon, Ohio, and attended the National Normal School for four months, when he came to Athens and entered the Ohio Uni- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 355 versity and graduated in the class of 1873, in the mean time hav- ing in 1S72 and 1873 taught at Burlington, Ohio. Immediately after his graduation he accepted the Principalship of the Grammar School at Norwalk, Ohio, where he taught one year, at the same time privately studying law. In December, 1874, he was ad- mitted to the bar by the Supreme Court, at Columbus, and in August, 1875, became associated with Hon. Charles Townsend, forming the law firm of Townsend & Jones, at Athens. In 1878 he became associated with Hon. Charles H. Grosvenor and formed the present law firm of Grosvenor & Jones. In 1878 he was elected City Solicitor of Athens, and by subsequent election held the position for four years. In the fall of 1881 he was appointed to fill a vacancy in the School Board of Athens and was elected to the same position in 1882. Dec. 17, 1879, he married Miss Lucy Johnson, of Pennsylvania. They have one child — Helen. Mr. Jones is a member of Sereno Lodge, No. 179, I. O. O. F., of Athens, and of the Delta Tau Delta Society, a fraternity of Ohio University. He is a member of the Baptist church at Norwalk, Ohio. Conrad Josten, of the firm of Laird, Josten & Co., manufacturers of wagons and carriages, and dealers in agricultural implements at Athens, was born in Wheeling, Va., July 1, 1850. When eight years of age became to Athens County with his parents, Mathias and Elizabeth (Bricker) Josten, settling in Lodi Township, where he lived with them until he was sixteen years old, when he went to Gallipolis and learned the blacksmith trade with Louis Munzt, being with him four years. He then worked at blacksmithing at various places until 1878, when he became associated with Arm- strong Laird at Athens, the firm being Laird & Josten, and engaged in manufacturing carriages and general repairing. In 1882 his father became associated with them, changing the firm to Laird, Josten & Co. In 1882 he was elected a member of the Council of Athens. May 3, 1880, he married Miss Maggie Shay, of Athens. They have one child — James M. Mr. Josten is a member of St. Paul's Catholic Church at Athens. Mathias Josten, of the firm of Laird, Josten & Co., was born in Prussia, Oct. 1, 1820. At the age of sixteen he was apprenticed to learn the trade of calico printer, at Mettlock. He afterward worked in print factories in Austria, Bavaria and Prussia until 1816, except- ing two years he served in the Prussian army. In 1816 he came to America and settled in Pottsville, Pa., where he was variously 356 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. employed until 1849, when he removed to Wheeling, W. Ya. ; thence to Athens County, Ohio, in 1857, where he settled on a farm in Lodi Township, and pursued farming for twenty-live years. In 1882 he sold his farm and came to Athens and became associated with A. Laird, and his son, Conrad Josten, in manufacturing wag- ons and carriages, and dealing in farming implements. Feb. 17, 1848, he married Elizabeth Bricker, of Armstrong, Pa. They have four children — Conrad, Peter, Mary and Lizzie. Mr. and Mrs. Josten are members of St. Paul's Catholic Church of Athens. Frederick Lewis Junod was born in Canaan Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Jan. 30, 1832. When he was an infant his parents, Frederick Lewis and Ursula (Stalder) Junod, removed to Ames Township, where he was reared. Tlis father died June, 1852, and he remained on the homestead farm with his mother till 1867, when he bought the farm in Dover Township, where he now resides. Mr. Junod was Trustee and Justice of the Peace in Ames Town- ship several years. He has been a member of the Board of Edu- cation in Ames and Dover townships the most of the time since 1854, and has also been a Trustee in Dover Township. In 18S0 he was elected one of the Directors of the Athens County Infirmary. Nov. 30, 1852, he married Lydia Ajin Stephenson. They have ten children, seven sons and three daughters. Mr. and Mrs. Junod are members of the Sugar Creek Methodist Episcopal church. Herbert Augustus Junod, son of Frederick L. and Lydia (Stephen- son) Junod, was born in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Sept. 17, 1854. When he was thirteen } T ears old his parents removed to Dover Township. He was educated in the district schools of the county, and at the Ohio University, Athens, after which he taught school two years. He then was a salesman for the Singer Manu- facturing Company a year, and then was employed by F. M. Ivoons, lumber dealer, two years. In 1883 he accepted the situation as salesman lor O. D. Jackson, proprietor of the coal mines at Jackson- ville, Athens County. He is a member of the Methodist Episco- pal church at Sugar Creek, and of Sereno Lodge, No .479, 1. O. O. F., Athens. Peter Kern, dealer in and manufacturer of boots and shoes, was born near Chambersburg, Pa., Oct. 10, 1837. When two and one- half years old his parents removed to Ohio and settled at Logan, Hocking County, where his father died when he was about four years old. He lived with his mother at Logan until he was nineteen. At the age'of sixteen he began to learn the trade of a shoe maker. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 357 serving three years. He then worked as a journeyman at Logan and Pella, Iowa, until 1863, when he came to Athens and engaged in manufacturing and in dealing in boots and shoes, He was asso- ciated with several parties at different times, under various firm names, up to 1879, when he became sole proprietor and carried on business alone until August, 1882, when his son, Harry R., became associated with him, under the firm name of Peter Kern & Son. In April, 1879, he was elected a member of the Council of Athens for a term of two years, and re-elected in April, 1882. Oct. 18, 1860, he was married to Annie M. Reynolds, of Athens County. They have two children — Lizzie and Harry Ellsworth. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and has taken the degrees as high as Knight Templar. * Andrevj Kessenger, deceased, was a native of Virginia, born in Rockingham County in 1800. He came to Ohio with his mother in 1812, and lived in Muskingum and Fairfield counties till 1812, when he came to Athens County, and engaged in merchandising and milling at Athens, until his death in 1853. He was an enter- prising business man and one of the substantial citizens of the county. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church from his boyhood. Theodore Koerner, born in Milwaukee, Wis., Feb. 25, 1845, is a son of Frederick Hugo and Amelia Margaret (Rampmire) Koerner. In August, 1862, he enlisted as a drummer in Company K, Twen- ty-sixth Wisconsin Infantry, and served till the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mis- sion Ridge, Atlanta, and was with Sherman from Atlanta to the sea. He was discharged June 29, 1865. After his return to Mil- waukee he was apprenticed to learn the trade of an iron-molder, serving over two years. In 1868 he started out as a journeyman and worked in towns in Iowa, Nebraska, Missouri, New York and West Virginia. In 1875 he came to Athens, and is now employed in the foundry of the Athens Water-wheel and Machine Company. Aug. 22, 1872, he married Mary Priscena Baker. They have three children — Anna Lee, Julia Belle and Louisa. Mr. Koerner is a member of Paramathia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M. ; Sereno Lodge, No. 479, I. O. O. F., of which he is Past Grand, and ot Co- lumbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R. Francis Marion Koons, grocer and dealer in lumber and build- ing hardware at Athens, was born in Dover Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Nov. 9, 1848. His parents were George S. and 358 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Chloe A. (Weramer) Koons. His father died when he was an in- fant, and he remained with his mother until he was fourteen, when he began to maintain himself. Up to that time he had received a limited education. After becoming of age he attended two terms at a select school in Dover Township. In 1864, at the age of six- teen, he went to Mount Pleasant, Mich., and was employed on farms or in lumber camps until 1S67, when he returned to Athens County, remaining there until the winter of 1868-'9. He then returned to Michigan and worked in the pineries until 1870, when he again returned to Athens County, In 1871 he began to sell goods by peddling in Athens and adjoining counties, at first carrying a pack and afterward running a wagon. He followed this business for two years. In the fall of 1873 he purchased a farm in Dover Township, where he pursued farming until 1878, and during that period taught four terms of school. Selling his farm in 1879, he purchased a tract of timber land in the vicinity of Chauncey, Athens County, where he manufactured lumber until 1880, when he removed to Athens and opened a lumber yard. January, 1S82, he added to his lumber business that of groceries and building hardware. In 1880, before removing to Athens, he was elected Land Appraiser of Dover Township, and also Census Enumerator of the same town- ship. Nov. 12, 1873, he married Martha J. Orme, of Dover Town- ship. They have five children — Stella Irene, Leopold Wordworth, Inez Leona, Eva Maud and George Wilmarth. Mr. Koons is a Master, Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason, and a member of the lodge, chapter and commandery at Athens. Honorable Charles Lindly Kurtz, member of the Ohio State Legislature and senior member of the firm of Kurtz & Minear, booksellers, stationers and jewelers, Athens, is the son of W. W. Kurtz, the present Postmaster of Athens, and Isabella, nee McEllroy, Kurtz. He was born in Albany, Athens County, May 4, 185L In 1865 he came with his parents to Athens where he received a com- mon-school education. At the age of fourteen he was employed as a clerk in the book store of J. & T. W. Van Law. Some time after his father and C. D. Norris became the Messrs. Van Law's suc- cessors, and our subject had the management of the business until 1881, when he became associated with A. W. S. Minear, and they became the successors of his father and Mr. Norris, and now con- tinue the business under the firm name of Kurtz & Minear. In 1880 he was elected by the Republican party of Athens County for member of the Sixty-fourth General Assembly of the State of Ohio, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 359 to fill a vacancy caused by the election of Major Charles Townsend as Secretary of State. He was re-elected in 1881, and is the present Representative of Athens County. Sept. 11, 1878, he married An- nie, daughter of Edgar P. Jewett, Esq., of Athens County. They have two daughters, lone and Eleanor. Mr. Kurtz is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Athens. William Wyland Kurtz, Postmaster of Athens, is the son of George A. and Mary (Divender) Kurtz. He was born near New Vienna, Clinton Co., Ohio, March 16, 1833. When he was an infant his parents removed to Allegheny City, Pa., where he was reared and given a common school education. He lived with his parents until manhood, and when a youth learned the carpenter trade. In 1851 he came to Athens County and settled near Albany where he pursued farming and working at his trade until the fall of 1865. During three years of that time he was Postmaster of Albany, and also served as Clerk of Lee Township about six years, and Township Trustee three years. lie came to Athens in 1865, and engaged in dealing in drugs, books and stationery with a silent partner, under the firm name of W. W. Kurtz & Co., until 1868, when he became associated with C. D. Norris as book- sellers, jewelers and stationers, under the firm name of Kurtz & Norris. In 1870 he received the appointment of Postmaster ot Athens. His son. Charles L., was the manager of the business until 1881, when the same son and A. W. S. Minear became the successors of Kurtz & Norris. Since that time he has devoted his time wholly to the Athens postofiice. During 1861 he was com- missioned Captain of Company H, One Hundred and Forty-first Regiment, Ohio National Guards, and served at Barboursville, W. Ya., nearly four months. Since living in Athens he has served on the City Council three years. June 8, 1848, he mar- ried Isabella, daughter of William McEllroy, then editor of the daily 1 l itt slur g her , of Pittsburg, Pa., by whom he has seven living children — William M., of Columbus, Ohio; Mary Ellen, wife of John W. Doud, Superintendent of the schools of Toledo, Ohio; George A., Hon. Charles L. and Oscar II., all of Athens; Edward B., of Columbus, and Jennie A., attending the Ohio University. They lost one, Benjamin F., a twin brother to Jennie, who died at Athens, Feb. 7, 1882, at the age of eighteen. Himself and wife are members of the Free Baptist church, of Albany, Athens County. 360 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Armstrong Zaird,[semor member of the firm Laird, Josten & Company, manufacturers of wagons and carriages, and dealers in farm implements, Athens, was born near Athens, May 16, 1852, son of John and Susannah (Hooks) Laird. He attended school until six- teen years of age, and then commenced to learn the carriage-mak- er's trade of J. Gr. Cornwell, serving an apprenticeship of three years, after which he worked on a farm a year. Nov. 30, 1872, he married Rebecca M. Sams, of Canaan Township, Athens County, and came to Athens and rented a small shop where he made and repaired carriages and wagons. In the fall ot 1871: he formed a partnership with John Graham, under the firm name of Laird & Graham, increasing his stock. In the spring of 1877 they sold out and established themselves in the grocery business under the firm name of Graham &, Laird, but the following fall Mr. Laird withdrew his interest and engaged again in the manufacturing o* wagons, etc., with Conrad Josten, under the name of Laird & Josten. In 1882 Mr. Josten's father, M. Josten, was admitted to the firm, the name changing to Laird, Josten & Co. Mr. and Mrs. Laird have two children — H. A. and Mattie A. Three chil- dren died in infancy. Mr. Laird is a member of Athenian Lodge, No. 104, K. of P., Athens. He has filled all the chairs, being at the present time Prelate. Mi Reynolds Lash, a druggist at Athens, was born in Alex- ander Township, Athens County, Nov. 20, 1818. He is the son of Jacob and Susan (Morrison) Lash, with whom he lived until he became of age. He then left home, in 1869, and entered the Ohio University at Athens, attending two years. In 1871 he was employed as a druggist's clerk by Dr. E. G. Dorr, with whom he remained until 1S73, when he purchased the drug store of John Perkins and established himself in the drug business at Athens. In November, 1875, he married Alice, daughter of James M. John.-, of Athens. They have two children — Rey and Florence. Mr. Lash is a Master, Royal Arch, Council, and Knight Templar Mason. He is also an Odd Fellow and a Knight of Pythias; has held important positions in all these bodies, and represented his lodge in the Grand Lodge, K. of P., of Ohio, in 1879. Peter Fisher Martin, tanner, is the eldest of two sons ot A\' illiani and Mary Ann (Bodine) Martin, and was born in Blooms- bury, Hunterdon Co., N. J., Sept. 28, 1832. After arriving at manhood he was employed by his father at home on the farm, until they removed to Ohio. In 1851 he came to Ohio with his HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 361 parents, and settled in Athens Township, Athens County, and per- sued farming there until 1856. In the fall of 1856 he moved to Henry County, 111., and was there employed in improving a new farm for five years. In the fall of 1861 he returned to Athens County, purchased the Willis farm, and lived there two years. He then worked on the Jewett farm one year. In the spring he moved on the Zenner farm where he lived seventeen years. In the spring of 1880 he purchased the Leonidas Jewett farm, on which he now resides. March 11, 1851, he married Mary Ann, daughter of John and Margaret (Hacket) Hoppock, of New Jersey. They have had five children, three now living — Isabel, wife of Gafcton Coe, of Dover Township; John II., married, living in Dover Township; Walter II., at home. William W. was drowned in the Hocking Canal at the age of nine years; George W. died in infancy. In February, 1865, he obtained a divorce from his wife. April 20, 1865, he married Charetta II., daughter of David and Margaret (Sidders) Shafer, of Athens County. They have one son — Curtis James. Himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Loving Glazier Matheny, farmer, Athens Township, oldest son of Isaac and Chistia Ann (Harper) Matheny, was born June 1, 1840, in Tyler, Dover Township, Athens County. He lived with his parents until manhood. He was educated in the common schools, the Albany Manual Laboring Institute, and attended the Ohio University at Athens three terms. He began teaching school at the age of eighteen. Oct. 20, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Sixty-third Ohio Infantry, as a private, and was mustered into the service at Chillicothe, Ohio. He was appointed First Sergeant of his company, Feb. 20, 1862, and served as such until June 27, 1S63, when he was commissioned Second Lieutenant of Company P, same regiment. He participated with his command in the battles of New Madrid, Island No. 10, Fort Pillow, Farmington, Tenn., Iuka, Corinth and Parker's Cross Roads, Tenn. He was with Sher- man from Chattanooga to the sea, and participated in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged. He was mustered out of the service and discharged near Savannah, Ga., Dec. 21, 1864. He then returned to his home in Athens County, Ohio. During the year 1865 he was in the employ of the Hocking Valley < >il Company. May, 1866, he removed to Johnson County, Mo., and there engaged in school teaching 'until the fall of 1868, when he returned to Athens County and taught until the spring of 1870. He then en- 36*2 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. gaged in farming until March, 1877, when lie removed to Scotland County, Mo., and there engaged in farming. March, 1879, he return- ed to Athens County, and has/ollowed farming to the present time. Nov. 17, 1869, he was married to Hannah M., daughter of William and Mary Ann (Bodine) Martin, of Athens Township. They have six children — Edward L., Gertrude M., Charles M., Luella, William M., and Mary E. Mr. and Mrs. Matheny and two oldest children are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and he is Steward of the church and local preacher. lie is a mem- ber of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., of Athens. Alexander Watts Shaw Minear, of the firm of Kurtz & Mi near, booksellers, stationers and jewelers, Athens, was born in Harrison County, W. Va., Dec. 6, 1835. He came to Ohio with his parents, Jonathan and Nancy (Parrill) Minear, when he was in his fifth year, they settling near Coolville, in the southern part of Athens County, where he lived with them until his twentieth year, when he went to California and was employed as a clerk in a store for nearly two years. He then went to the gold diggings at the junction of the North and South Yuba rivers and mined until the spring of 1859, when he returned home. After his return, the same year, he purchased a half interest in the Coolville flouring- mill. Selling the same in 1860, he became associated with his brother, E. R. Minear, in the mercantile business at Guysville, Athens County. The war breaking out soon after, he sold his interest in the store to his brother and entered the Union army as First Lieutenant of Company C, Eighteenth Regiment, Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry, he having assisted in raising the company. At the battle of Stone River he was shot through the body, the ball penetrating his left lung. The wound was received while making a charge through a cedar thicket. It being considered fatal, his wife left her home to visit him, and although it was the order of the War Department not to let any one pass through the lines on account of a scarcity of provisions, she, by secreting herself among a load of pork-barrels covered with a large tarpaulin, succeeded in passing through the line. She remained until his convalescence, in March. 1863, when he returned home with her. Being entirely disabled for service he resigned his commission in the following April, and in the fall of that year he was elected Treasurer of Athens County, and re-elected in the fall of 18''.."). At the expira- tion of the term, having held the office for two consecutive terms, he was ineligible for re-election. In 1868 he became associated ^tf^-^, ^^ HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 363 with Drs. Johnson and "Wilson in the drug business, under the firm name of A. W. S. Minear & Company. They discontinuing the business in 1870, he was not especially engaged in any business until the fall of 1871, when he was elected County Auditor, which he held by re-election for nine consecutive years, up to November, 1880. In the spring of 1881 he became associated with C. L. Kurtz in his present business, as Kurtz & Minear. April 20, 1860, he married Fannie, daughter of X. O. Warren, of Athens County. They have two daughters — Minnie and Rosa. He is a Master and Royal Arch Mason, and a member of the lodge and chapter at Athens. Thomas Leazeriby Mlntun, ex-Probate Judge of Athens County, was born in Hampshire County, Va., June 11, 1809. When he was about six months old his parents, John and Sarah (Leazenby) Min- . tun, removed to Parkersburg, where his mother died about three months later. In 1812 he came with his father, who married again that year, to Athens County, O., and settled near Wolf's Plains, where he lived until he was seventeen. Having no opportunities to go to school, he received but a meager education. On leaving home, which he did in 1826, he came to Athens and became ap- prenticed to learn the trade of carpenter and joiner, which trade he followed until 1855. In 1837 he removed to Nelsonville, where he lived until 1876. In*1850 he was elected Justice of the Peace of York Township, and filled that office at Nelsonville. by re-elec- tion, until 1863. In 1863 he was appointed Postmaster at Nel- sonville, and served as such until 1867. h\ the spring of 1867 he was again elected Justice of the Peace of York Township, and served until 1876. In the fall of 1867 he was elected one of the County Commissioners of Athens County for two terms of three years each. He also served as Mayor of Nelsonville several terms. In October, 1875, he was elected Probate Judge of Athens Com i and served as such for two terms of three years each. In 1876 he removed to Athens, where he still resides. Jan. 14, 1830, he mar- 4 ried Miss Nancy E. Ilerrold, of Athens. They have six children ^ living — Thomas, now living in Illinois; William II., now in Cin- cinnati, O.; Charles H., now residing in Athens; Sarah, now wife of J. F. Welch, of Nelsonville; Lucinda E., now wife of Dr. D. G. Gillian, of Columbus, O. ; and Emma, now wile of G. B. Rain, of Nelsonville. Mr. Mintun is a member of the Methodist Epis- copal church. In 1842 he was licensed to preach the gospel, and was ordained as Deacon by Bishop Janes. 364 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Henry Dustin Mirick, son of Augustus and Caroline Dustin (Prichard) Mirick, was born March 3, 1S36, in Worcester, Mass. His father was by trade a printer, and during his life was a promi- nent journalist and publisher in Massachusetts. At the time of his death, Feb. 1, 1864, he was doing a general book and job print- ing business in Greenfield, Mass. His mother is a descendant of the Dustins and Prichards, families of prominence, of whom men- tion is made in the early histories of Massachusetts. Henry D. Mirick received a good common-school and some academical education, and learned the printer's trade of his father, being in business with him from March, 1857, till August, 1862, when he went to Cincinnati and was in the wholesale boot and shoe store of Prichard, Alter & Co. until June, 1867. He then went to Des Moines, la., where he was in the boot and shoe business about two years. In April, 1869, he sold out and was an agent for the Cran- berry Iron property at Cranberry Forge, X. C, till the following November, when he was offered a position in the land office of the Union Pacific Railroad Company, at Humboldt, Kas. In April, 1870, he was appointed general freight and ticket agent of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad (which had assumed control of the Union Pacific), with headquarters at Junction City, Kas. July 1, 1870, owing to the increase of business, this double office was divided, Mr. Mirick retaining the position of general freight agent, with headquarters at Sedalia, Mo. In March, 1873, he was appointed assistant to the general manager of the road. lie left this position in December, 1875, to take the one of assignee of the Land Grant Railway vfe Trust Company, headquarters still at Sedalia, filling this position till January, L878. In addition to this and other business he was Auditor of the Hannibal & St. Jo- seph Railroad from February, 1876, to January, 1877, and was afterward extensively engaged in Southern Kansas and Northern Texas. From 1878 to 1879 he was Secretary and Treasurer of the Dennison A' Pacific Railroad Company. In 1880 he became connected with the Osage Coal-Mining Company at Parsons, Kas., being its Vice-President and Treasurer, and at the same time became Vice-President of the First National Bank, of Par- sons. In 1881 he came to Athens with the intention of making this his permanent home. Oct. 14, ^71, Mr. Mirick married 11 irriet S., daughter of John Brown, of Athens. She died at Se- dalia. Mo., Dec. 23, L875, leaving an infant son, and her remains were brought to Athens tor burial. July 22, 1879, Mr. Mirick HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 365 married Charlotte E., daughter of Henry T. Brown, of Athens. They have one child — Carlos Brown. John A. Mc Cathran, manufacturer of carriages and buggies, Athens Township, second son of John and Mary (Stevens) Mc Cath- ran, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, April 3, 1840. He lived with his parents until manhood, receiving a common-school education. When about eight years old his parents removed to Pennsylvania, and remained there near seven years. He then went to Virginia, near Holiday's Cove, and remained nearly two years, when he went to Stenbenville, Ohio, where he learned the trade of cabinet-maker. He remained at Steubenville some eight- een months, and then went to Cambridge, Ohio, where he resided two years. He then went to Bishopville, Morgan Co., Ohio, and remained there three years, when he came to Athens County. May 2, 1864, he enlisted in Company G, One-hundred and Forty-first Regiment National Guards, at Athens, Ohio, as First Sergeant of his company for 1 « >0 days, and served for four months; was mustered out and discharged at Gallipolis, Ohio, Sept. 1,1864, and returned to Athens, Ohio. He then entered the employ of T. M. D. Pilcher in his furniture factory and worked for him about eighteen months, when he went to Ilebbardsville and purchased property and began manufacturing carriages. In 1870 he sold his Ilebbardsville property and purchased property near Athens and continued the manufacture of carriages there until 1876, when he sold out and purchased property near Wolf's Plains. In February, 1882, he removed to Nelsonville, Ohio, and remained four months, returning to the Plains, where he now resides. March 27, 1864, he married Fannie F., daughter of John and Elizabeth (Fierce), Stage, of Athens Township. They have two children — Nettie R., and Lizzie L. Their oldest daughter, Eva M., died July 30, 1SG5. Himself and wife are members of the Free Methodist church. John Russell MoGune was born in Lycoming County, Pa., June 24, 1795, a son of James and Martha (Russell) McCune, who emigrated to America from Ireland in 1790. When six years of age his friends removed to Fayette County, Pa. After arriving of age he worked the homestead farm till 1824, when, Nov. 24, he married Maria King, of Somerset County, Pa., and purchased a farm, where he lived till 1838, when he sold out and came to Athens County, Ohio, and settled on a farm two miles south ot Athens. In 1861 he moved into Athens and lived four years, re- turning to the farm in 1865. In 1879 lie retired from farm life 366 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and moved into Athens to spend the remainder of his days. Mrs. McOune died Jan. 5, 18S2. He has six children — Harriet, now Mrs. W. P. Wilkin, of Missouri; Maria, now Mrs. J. N. Patter- son; Ellen, now Mrs. W. A. Thomas; Ann, now Mrs. W. AY. McVey; John King, and Samuel. The latter son is supposed to be living somewhere in the West. In 1S51 he went to California and remained till 1857, when he went to Oregon, a volunteer in the war against the Indians. After serving about eighteen months he was taken prisoner by the Indians, by whom he was kept in bondage three years, and then exchanged to another tribe and kept by them three years. He made his escape in 1863 and reached Fort Hall, where he first heard of the Rebellion. From there he went to Salt Lake City and engaged in teaching school and acting as Indian interpreter, since which he has never been heard from. Mr. McCune has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church over fifty years. In 1883 he visited Fayette County, Pa., where he spent his boyhood and early manhood, and married his wife, and was cordially received by relatives and friends. Cinney McLean, jeweler, was born in Washington, Fayette Co., Ohio, Aug. 17, 1816, a son of Samuel and Eliza (Robin- son) McLean, with whom he lived at his birthplace until maturity. At the age of nineteen he began to learn the jeweler's trade, serv- ing four years. Sept. 15,1868, he came to Athens and estab- lished his present business. In 1SS0 he was elected Treasurer of Athens City, and re-elected in 18S2, the term of office being two years. Feb. 29, 1880, he was married to Miss Annie, a daughter of William Edwards, of Athens. They have two chil- dren — Ben and Willie. Mr. McLean is a Master, Royal Arch, Council, and Knight Templar Mason, and a member of the lodge, chapter, council anl cominanlery at Athens. Hon. Calvary Morris was born near Charleston, W. Ya., in 1798, and spent his youth in the Kanawha Yalley, laboring on a farm, and battling with the hardships of pioneer life. In 1818 he married the eldest daughter of Dr. Leonard Jewett. of Athens, and in the spring of 1819 located permanently in that town. "Finding myself, " said Mr. Morris, "a stranger in a strange land, and obliged to make provision tor the support of my family, my first step was to rent five acres of ground, upon which to raise a crop of corn. While cultivating that ground, during the sum- mer of 1819, the Rev. Jacob Lindley (then acting president of the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 367 Ohio University) came to me and said that a school teacher was much needed in our town, and proposed that I undertake it. I informed him that I was not at all qualified — that reading, writing, spelling, and a limited knowledge of arithmetic was the extent of my education. He said that the wants of the community required that arithmetic, geography, and English grammar be taught in the school, and 'now,' said he, 'I will tell you what to do. I have the books and you have brains; take my books, go to studying, and recite to me every day for three weeks, and by that time I will have a school made up for you; you will then find no difficulty in keeping ahead of your scholars so as to give satisfaction in teach- ing, and no one will ever suspect your present lack of qualifica- tions.' I consented, went to work, and at the end of three weeks went into the school. I taught and studied during the day, and cultivated my corn-field part of the time by moonlight, and if there was ever any complaint of my Lick of qualifications as a teacher, it never came to my knowledge." In 1823 Mr. Morris was elected Sheriff of Athens County, and re-elected by an almost unanimous vote in 1825. In 1827, at the close of his term as Sheriff, he was elected to the lower branch of the State Legislature, and re-elected in 1828. In 1829 he was elected to the State Senate, and re-elected in 1S33. In 1835, when the project of the Hocking canal was being warmly agitated, Mr. Morris was elected again to the popular branch of the Assemblv from Athens and Hocking counties, as the avowed friend of that measure, and in the belief that he was the best man to engineer it through. To his adroit management and indefatigable efforts the measure was mainly indebted for success, as he had to overcome the almost unanimous opposition of both branches of the Legislat- ure and the whole Board of Canal Commissioners. He had the i>leasureof seeing the bill triumphantly passed a few days before the close of the session, and on his return home his constituents tendered him a public dinner. In 1S36 Mr. Morris was elected to Congress, and re-elected in 1838 and '40. In 1S43 he retired from public life and engaged, to some extent, in w r ool growing and in the introduction of fine- wooled sheep into the county, in which business he rendered great service to the farming community. In 1847 he removed to Cin- cinnati and engaged in mercantile pursuits, which finally proving unfortunate, he returned to Athens in 1854, and in 1S55 was elected Probate Judge of the county. HISTORY OF HOOKING V \ J Few m o county have ti led a Larger part in its official nan Jui. M ind, during his varied services, he charged i ast with honor and fidelity. In his latter days, niidence and respeol is neighbors, he had . and happy fortune of being able to review his whole it shamo and without remorse, Jndge Morris was a brother of the Reverend Bishop Morris of the Methodist Episcopal church; William D, Morris, of Illinois, and Levi Morris, of Louisiai •.. were the other brothers, lie died at \' -. is: i. . SOW of Joseph and Susan Morrison, \v:is born efiferson County, Ohio, A.ug. 91, 1820, lie was the sixth of a children, and when only four years old his father . then took her children to Belmont Cow rears C - \ ens C >unty and e same farm where Mr. Morrison new lives. Nov, 15, e married Minerva Benson, of Monroe County, C iej en — Joseph, Emma J., Susan, Elizabeth, K. B., . \ MM -v. son lias a tine farm of 220 acres, is a Dam- He has been School\Director many years, and takes an aet- e and eduoation of the young. He is a \\> 25, Athens, ~ < \ \ ttional Bank of ph 11. and Rosannah (Johnson) \ He was born \ ans, Pee. 19, 1887, where he was v. [n early boyhood he uning of er in the mercantile bus ess ander J, EI, N a Son, and so continued until the In dune. 1861, he enlisted in the Ul v i Volunteer ( V' tl a of his - - Lieutenant. P erpoint. lie 391 - - 1862, when he resigned and I to A ised C tnpany [, Seventh «t - tnmiss ad t Sept 2, LS62, [ S enth mpany b ■ V ■ Coi ""' '" B '.'.■ ' > \'> 11': ■ ■ Hem >/ BU ■■■ ■ 370 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. New York City, Much 15, 1771. Ee was married in the city oi Now York, May 15, L796, to Rachel (Rickman) Davenport, a widow. He emigrated to Ohio in L817, ami settled LnWashington County, near M irietta. To them was born John Vark, at Kings- bridge, near Now York City. Aug. 21, 1309, who came with his parents to Ohi i in 1817. lie was married in Lawrence Township, Washington Co., <>., Oct. 29, 1829, to Susan Hoff, and settled at Newport, near Marietta, where the subject of this sketch was born to them, June 10, 1842. He lived with his parents until lie was nineteen and learned his father's trade, that of carpenter and joiner. He enlisted in L861 in Company F, Eighty-fifth Ohio In- fantry, to serve three months. Alter being discharged at the ex piraticn of his term of service he went to Marietta and worked at the carpenter's trade until May 2, 1864, when he enlisted in Com- pany G, One Hundred and Forty-eighth Ohio National Guards, to serve 100 days, goingout as a Sergeant. When discharged from ser- vice he again returned t i Marietta and resumed the carpenter's trade, in the spring o{ L865 he returned to Newport and engaged in contracting and building, also in dealing in lumber until the spring i>\' 1869, when he came to Adieus ami became associated with W. W. McCoy, as McCoy & O'Bleness, and t >ok the contract to con- struct the wood work of Alliens Asylum for the Insane, he having the full charge of the business. Mr. McCoy remained with him for three years. Mr. O'B.eness completed the contract, requiring a period o( live years, after which ho determined to remain a! Athens and his either superintended or built by contract the city hall, court-house, university building and mmy of the business houses and private residences ^f Athens. March 7. 1871, he was married t i Josephine M. S learer, of Belpre, Washington Co., Ohio. Thev have tour children — II airy Clifford, Caarles G-arnett, Ralph Al- phonso and Mary Lulu. Mr. and Mrs. O'Bleness are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a Master and Royal Arch Mason and memb -v o\' the lodge ami chapter at Athens. Matthew Putriek, son of -Jacob an 1 Sarah (JSpicer) Patrick, was born Jan. 28, 1811, in Sullivan Township, Malison Co., N. Y., where he was reared and received a common-school education. W .en sixteen years of age he went t> Lyons, N. Y., and clerked in his brother's store five years. In 1832 he came to Ohio to sell fauuing-mills for his brother-in-law, Zalmon Rice, traveling for him three years. In 1835 he went into the mercantile business at Lithopolis, Ohio, and in 1837 removed his stock of goods to Athens, HISTORY OF HOCKrNG VALLEY. 371 and was one of the leading merchants here several years. In 1856 he bought a farm in the vicinity of Athens where he lived till 1866, when lie again m^ved to Athen3. Mr. Patrick was married May 1, 1830, to Lydia S., daughter of John Walker, of Athens. One son was born to them — John J., who died Sep f . 7. 1861, aged twenty-one years. Mrs. Patrick died Feb. J. 1 S79. Aug. 10, 1880, Mr. Patrick married Mrs. Martha A. Davis, widow of John Davis, who died at Athens, Dec. 30, 1871. Mrs. Patrick has had two children — Ella, who died Feb. U, 1S73, aged nineteen, and Mary Ilattie. Mr. and Mrs. Patrick are members of the Method- ist church, of which he has been Steward and Trustee for forty years. Richard Phillips, a native of Hunterdon County, N. J., born Jan. 11, 1807, was a son of Thomas and Mary (Angell) Phillips, natives of England. He lived on a farm till seventeen years of age and then went to learn the boot and shoe maker's trade, an occupation he followed many years. In December, 1831, he mar- ried Leah Bishop. They had ten children — John B., Mary, Thomas. Wilson, Kate, Elizabeth, David, W. II. L., Jane and Belle. In May, 1842, Mr. Phillips started for Athens County, with his family and household goods. lie was on the road a month, arriving in Athens, June 4. He settled in Lodi Township on the farm now owned by Thomas Angell. Here, with the assistance of his sons, he cleared 160 acres of timbered land. In 1856 he sold the farm and removed to Canaan Township. He lived there till L870 and then bought his present home, where he has fifty acres of good land and is surrounded with all the comforts of life. His wife died in October, 1868, and June 6, 1870, he married Jane Robinson, a native of England. Mr. Phillips is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has been a Steward and Class- Leader. He started in life poor, and by his own exertions has acquired the property he now has. Belford Wood Pickering, M. P., assistant physician in the Athens Asylum for the Insane, a son of Samuel and Cather- ine (Wood) Pickering, was born at Athens, July 26, 1853. He was ed- ucated in the Union schools of Athens and the Ohio University. In the fall of 1873 he began the study of medicine in the office ot Dr. A. B. Frame, and was under his preceptowhip three years. He graluated from the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati, in the spring of 1875, after taking two courses of lectures. In 1878 he began to practice at Stewart, O.. and in the fall of 1880 he was ap- 372 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. pointed assistant physician of the Athens Asylum for the Insane. April 23, 1879, he married Miss Susie D. Foster, of Washington County, O. They have one child — Julia D. Dr. Pickering is a Master, Royal Arch, and Knight Templar Mason, and member of the lodge, chapter and commandery at Athens. Francis 0. Pichring, born near St. Clairsville, Belmont Co., O., Dec. 26, 1837. is the eldest of eight sons of Levi and Susannah (Spiller) Pickering. He was given a common-school education, living with his parents till he was of age, and coming with them to Athens Township in 1854. In 1858 he went to Wheeling, Va., and purchased a stock of notions and stationery, which he sold by running a peddler's wagon through Athens, Meigs, Washington and Morgan counties. He followed that business till August, 1862, when he enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, and served till the close of the war. He enlisted as' a private and after serving as such a year was promoted to Commis- sary Sergeant. The most important battles in which he partici- pated were Moorefield, Winchester, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, Lynchburg, siege and capture of Petersburg, and Richmond; was present at the surrender of Lee's army at Appomattox Court-House. He was discharged in June, 1865, and returned to Athens, where he has followed farming together with dealing extensively in coal. He has been twice married. His first wife was Hannah E. Tedrow, whom he married March 9, 1860. She died in December, 1861, leaving one son — William F., who was drowned in the Hocking River, in July, 1S67, aged six years. June 7, 1866, he married Mary Jane, daughter of Robert C. Clark, of Athens Township. They have had six children, only five now living — Francis C, War- rington Addison, Thomas O. , Charles G., and Sarah May. Clar- ence Edward died March 26, 1873, aged six years. Mr. Pickering was a member of the City Council from L880 to 1881. He is a member of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., of which he has been Vice-Commander. Joseph L. Picker rug, postal clerk on the Columbus & Athens route on the C, H. V. & T. Railroad, is a son of Samuel and Catherine (Wood) Pickering, and wasjborn in Athens, Aug. 11, 1^4i'., where he was reared, and educated in the Ohio University. When fifteen, in 1862, he enlisted in Company H, Eighty-seventh Ohio Infantry, to serve three months, but serve where he remained until 1838 when he came to Athens, still con- tinuing the mercantile business until 1854. Upon being elected Treasurer of Athens County he gave up his business. In connection with his merchandising he also, in 1S38, became associated with R. W. Corley as Corley & Pickering, and built two locks on the Hock- ing Valley canal, requiring three years to complete the contract. During the winters of 1847 and 1S48 he engaged extensively in pack- ing pork at Beardstown, 111. He was also a dealer in stock in connec- tion with his mercantile business, driving horses, cattle and sheep to the Eastern markets. h\ 1S56 he was re-elected Treasurer of Athens County, holding the office for two terms, until 1S59. lie then engaged in farming and bred and dealt in sheep for several years, and during the late war bought horses for the Government. In 1872 he engaged in the grocery business, his sons, Joseph L. and Ernest C, being associated with him, under the firm name of S. Pickering & Sons. They also constructed a section of the Balti- more & Ohio Shortline R. R. under contract. They discontinued the grocery business in 1876. h\ 1882 he began to manufacture cigars at Athens. He has served several years in the City Council of Athens, and at the organization of the First National Bank he was chosen one of its Directors and served three years. He was the first President of the Athens Loan & Building Association. In May, 1842, he was married to Catherine G. Wood, of Athens. They have four living children — William B., of Carthage, Tenn.; Joseph L., a postal clerk on the C, II. V. & T. Railroad; Ernest C, express messenger on the Ohio & Virginia R. R. ; and Belford W., a physician in the Athens Asylum tor the Insane. They have lost two children — Frank Belmont, who died Oct. 8, 1853, at the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 375 age of three years, and Levi C, who was killed at the battle of Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Mr. Pickering is a Master, Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason. Simon Woodrow Pickering, son of Levi and Susannah (Crozicr) Pickering, was born in St. Clairsville, Belmont Co., O., Feb. 4, 1819. He received his education in the common schools of his native town and at the Franklin Institute, Harrison Co., O. He lived at home until he arrived at manhood, clerking, when a boy, at intervals, in his father's store. After becoming of age he clerked for his father till 1815, when he became associated with him as a partner, under the firm name of L. Pickering & Son. In 1851 he withdrew his interest and came to Athens and formed a partnership with his brother, S; muel Pickering, and R. W. Corley, the firm name being Pickering, Corley & Co. In 1856 W. L. Brown succeeded Messrs. Corley and Samuel Pickering, changing the firm to Pickering & Brown. In 1858 he withdrew f n in the mercantile business and became connected with the Big Sand Fur- nace Company in Vinton Count}'. In 1860 he was elected Auditor of Athens County, and held that office by re-election till 1871. From that time till 18S1 he was connected with the Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad Company, being one of the Directors. During the same time, from 1875, he was engaged in the milling business at Zanesville, O., a member of the firm of Pickering, Grant & Co., proprietors of the Casel Flouring Mills. In 1881 he retired from business, except dealing in real estate and being a stockholder in the JS r elsonville Coal & Coke Company. He has served several terms in the City Council of Athens, and also as a member of the School Board. Since 1880 he has been a Trustee of the Athens Asylum for the Insane. June 20, 184-3, Mr. Pick- ering married Miss Elizabeth Collins, of St. Clairsville, 0. They have three children — Charles C, in business at Columbus, O.; Ella, wife of II. C. Will, of Columbus, and Woodrow S., Assistant Paymaster of the Hocking Valley & Toledo Railroad Company. Mr. Pickering is a Master and Royal Arch Mason, a member of lodge and chapter at Athens. Theodore Marcus Pickering, born April 7, 1814, near St. Clairs- ville, Belmont Co., Ohio, is the second of eight sons of Levi and Susannah (Spiller) Pickering. In September, 1864, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Infantry, and served till the close of the war. A month after going out he was promoted to Corporal. He participated in the battles of Murfrees- 376 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. boro, Overall's Creek and Kingston; was discharged at Columbus, O., July 5, 1865, and returned to Athens County, and attended the Ohio University ^nearly four years. Aug. 20, 1870, he married Sa- rah J. Talbott, of Ashley, O., who died June 29, 1875, leaving one child — Pearl. After his marriage he settled on a farm in Athens Township, where he lived till 1875, when he came to Athens and engaged in the coal business with his brother, Francis O., at the same time carrying on his farm. From 1878 to 1880 he carried on the coal business alone, and since that time has been dealing largely in produce in Athens. March 15, 1877, he married Charlotte White, of Athens. They have one child — Mary Nellie. Mr. and Mrs. Pickering are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Athens. He is a member of Athenian Lodge, No. 104, K. of P., of which he is Past Chancellor, and of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. ft. Thomas Murray Drake Pilcher, manufacturer of sashes, blinds and furniture, and dealer in furniture, at Athens, was born in the vicinity of Athens, April 22, 1832. His parents, John and Laura (Warren) Pilcher, both died before he had reached the age of six- teen. At that age he came to Athens and was apprenticed to W. B. Bartlett, to learn the trade of cabinet-maker, serving three years. He then engaged in furniture-making at Athens, remaining in the business one year, when, in December, 1851, he went to Cali- fornia, where he mined and worked at the carpenter's trade at Jack- sonville until September, 1854. He then returned to Athens and soon after went to Logan, Hocking County, engaging in the clothing business for about six months, when he sold out and again went to Jacksonville, Cal., working at the carpenter's trade until 1856, when he returned to Athens, and the same year became associated with W. B. Bartlett in the furniture business, under the firm name of Bartlett & Pilcher. Our subject retired from the firm in 1S57, and went to Logan, engaging in the furniture business there until Nov. 8, 1801, when he received a recruiting commission as Second Lieutenant, and assisted in recruiting Company H, Seventy -fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Upon the organization of the company he was selected for Captain, and so commissioned by Governor Tod. He served until May, 1862, when he resigned on account of ill health. He returned to Logan and was soon after employed by Joseph Herrold as superintendent of his coal mine at the mouth of Monday Creek, in Athens County. h\ 1S66, he became associ- ated with Mr. Herrold in a planing-mill at Athens, under the firm HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. " 377 name of Herrold & Pilcher. In 1867 Mr. E. H. Moore became Mr. Herrold's successor, the firm name being changed to T. M. D. Pilcher & Co. They built an extensive factory, which was burned down in March, 1879. The following April Mr. Pilcher built his present commodious factory at Athens, and has continued in the manufacturing business ever since. May 20, 1856, he married Martha B. Herrold, daughter of Joseph Herrold, of Athens. They have three children — Charles A., now an employe in his father's factory; Thomas Milroy, now a student in Ohio University ; and Hastings Moore. Mr. Pilcher and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Athens. Our subject has served as Ciass-Leader, Trustee and Steward many years. He is a member of Sereno Lodge, No. -±79, I. O. O. F.; and of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., at Athens. William Bull Potter, grocer, Athens, was born at Providence, R. I., Feb. 9, 1818, where he was reared and educated in the pri- vate schools. At the age of sixteen he went to Edwardsville, 111., and clerked in the store of S. Kidmore & Hall for a short time, when he returned to Providence and entered his father's store as a clerk, and was so employed until his father's death in 1839, when he became his successor. He discontinued the business in 1843, and in 1844 he removed to Pittsburg, Pa., and engaged in manu- facturing cigars until 1845. He enlisted in Company K, First Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, called the De Quense Greys, Colonel Wyncoop, and served during the Mexican war. He -par- ticipated in the besiegement and capture of Vera Cruz, Cerro Gordo, lluamanta and the investment of the city of Mexico. After be- ing mustered out of the service at Pittsburg, Aug. 22, 1847, he resumed manufacturing cigars. The following year he came to Athens and engaged in the same business until 1852, when he discontinued it, and since then has been in the grocery business. June 24, 1839, he married Eliza, daughter of Jeremiah Whipple, of Providence, R. I., who died at Athens, Feb. 5, 1855. They had six children, two of whom are living — Lizzie, wife of C. D. Norris, Superintendent of the Ohio & West Virginia Railroad, at Cincinnati; and Charles W., insurance agent of Athens. He is an ancient Odd Fellow, and one of the charter members of Sereno Lodge, at Athens. Judge Samuel B. Pruden spent forty-eight years of his manhood a resident of Athens County. His wealth, all acquired by honor- able industry, his great business ability and his public enterprise 378 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. justly place him in position of eminence in this work. He was the son of Silas and Rebecca Pruden, born near Morristown, N. J., Jan. 17, 1798. Of his early education there, little is definitely known, but he never graduated from any institution of learning, having acquired his education principally by private study and reading. The family came to Athens County, O., in 1S15, where they became well known, one of the daughters becoming the wife of Governor Brongh. Samuel B. Pruden was married to Miss Mary Cranston, of Athens, in 1821. On entering business he was careful and industrious, and successful from the first. Among other business interests his attention was principally given to the milling and wool-carding business in the Bingham Mills, west of Athens, for ten years following 1826. In 1836 he transferred his business to his own permanent establishments about two miles south of Athens, on the bank of the Hocking River, the location be- ing since known as Harmony. Here he erected an oil-mill, a grist and saw mill and in 1840 bored wells and began the manu- facture of salt. A coal bank was opened for the use of the s*lt furnaces and for years the product of salt here and at Mr. Pruden's works at Chauncey was many thousand bushels annually. His business at Harmony gradually extended until a village grew up around him, occupied mostly by people in his own employ. He was elected by the State Legislature a Trustee of the Ohio University in 1851. As was his habit in his own business, he was punctual and judicious in the discharge of this trust, taking a deep interest in the welfare of the institution to the end of his life. Thongh not a man of collegiate education, yet by much reading, his literary, and especially his scientific, attainments were highly creditable. He was elected to the Ohio Legislature to represent Athens County during its second session under the new constitu- tion in the winter of 1854-'5, and served one term as Associate Judge on the Common Pleas bench. He also held a number of minor office?, among tin. m that of County Surveyor for a number of years. In the Masonic fraternity he passed through the succes- sive degrees until he became Commander of Athens Encampment of Knights Templar. He was ever gentlemanly in his bearing, and in every position honorable in the highest sense of the term, lie died Dee. 10, 1863. Monzo Blair Richardson, M. D.< Superintendent of the Ath- ens Asylum for the Insane was born near Portsmouth, Scioto Co., Ohio. S< pt. 11. L852, a son of Edward W. and Mary (Blair) Rich- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 379 ardson. He was educated in the public schools of his neighbor- hood, and the Ohio University, at Athens. At the age of sixteen he began to teach school and taught while pursuing his literary and professional studies, and while pursuing his medical studies, in 1873, taught as Principal of the public schools at Ravenswood, W. Va. In the fall of 1872, immediately after leaving the University, he began the study of medicine under Dr. D. B. Cotton, at Porta" mouth. He graduated as M. D. from the Bellevue Hospital Medi- cal College of New York, in the spring of 1876, after taking two courses of lectures. He afterward also graduated from the Hel- ical College of Ohio at Cincinnati. In March, 1877, he received the appointment of assistant physician in the Athens Asylum for the Insane and filled that position until May, 1878. He then went to Portsmouth and practiced until March, 1881, when he was appointed Superintendent of the Athens Asylum for the Insane. Oct. 25, 1876, he was married to Miss Julia D., daughter of J. W. Harris, of Chillicothe, Ohio. They have three children — William Waddle, Mary Bertha and Edith. Dr. and Mrs. Richardson are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Athens. John Ring, born in Somersetshire, England, June 30, 1814, was a son of John and Bridget (Long) Ring. His parents removed to Devonshire when he was still an infant, where they both died before he was seven years old. He then lived with his grand- father, William Ring, till he was fifteen years old when he went to Taunton, Somersetshire, and was apprenticed to learn the butcher's trade, serving four years, after which he remained with his master as an employe about ten years. From 1842 to 1856 he pursued tanning and butchering at Creech St. Michael, near Taunton. He then came to America, settling in Athens, Ohio, where he was employed by Abraham Newton two years. h\ ls58 he bought Mr. Newton's interest and established his present business. May ii4, 1812, he married Amelia Watson, of Taunton. They have two children — William and Ellen (Mrs. Ezra Phillips, of Amesville). Mr. and Mrs. Ring are by education Episcopalians, but Mrs. Ring is now a member of the First Presbyterian Church, Athens. Mr. Ring has served twice in the Athens City Council. Alonzo Lawrence Roach, grocer of Athens, was born near Low- ell, Ohio, Aug. 22, 1828. His parents were John and Anna (Roach) Roach. His father dying when he was but two years old, he remained with his mother until he was seventeen, when he was employed as cabin-boy on a steamboat on the Muskingum River. 380 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. He passed through all the grades of steamer-life, from cabin-boy to second mate. In 1859 he quit steamboating and attended school, and was variously employed until October, 1853, when he came to Athens, where he worked at the carriage trade until February 1859; then engaged in the hardware, stoves and tinware business at Athens. He followed this business until 1869, and during that time was in partnership, at different periods with H. J. Topky* Oliver Childs and James Ballard. In January, 1869, he estab- lished himself in his present business, his sons, Frank S. and Harry M., being associated with him, they keeping two groceries in Athens. He married Maria Louisa, daughter of Oliver Childs, of Athens, Oct. 5, 1853, three children being born to them — Frank Spencer, Emma Louisa and Harry Milton. Feb. 1,1858, he mar- ried his second wife, Mrs. Clarissa Eleanor Post, daughter of David Goodspeed, of Athens County, and widow of the late John Post, Esq., who left two daughters — Lizzie Noble, who died at Athens, March 20, 1865, at the age of five years, and Cora Anna. Charles Perry Rose, born July 4, 1840, in Canaanville, Athens Co., Ohio, is the youngest of the five sons of Mathias and Lydia M. (Dewey) .Rose. When an infant his parents removed to Coolville. and when he was nine years of age they went to Barlow Township, Washington County. When fifteen years of age he came to Athens and went into his brother Cyrus's shop, with the inten- tion of learning the saddler's trade, but was obliged to abandon it on account of weak eyes. He then attended the High School a year, defraying his expenses by serving as janitor. He afterward attended the Ohio University a year, receiving the free tuition due one from each county in the State. He then returned to Washing- ton County, and remained till the breaking out of the Rebellion, when, in August, 1861, he enlisted in Company F, First West Virginia Cavalry, re-enlisting in November,18C>4, and serving till the close of the war, being nattered out July 9, 1S65. He was in the battles of Winchester, second Bull Run, Culpeper, Hagerstown, Mon- terey and numerous others. After his return home he attended the Atwood Institute, at Albany, four months. He then came to Athens ' where he was variously employed until 1873, and since then has been foreman of the stables at the Athens Asylum for the Insane. June 14, 1867, he married Matilda Duncan, of Athens Township, who died Nov. 6, 1882. He has three children — Jessie L., Alice Irene and Mattie May. Mr. Rose is a Master Mason, a member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, Athens; is Past Chancellor of Athe- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 381 nian Lodge, No. 104, K. of P., arid a member of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., Athens. Cyrus Rose, saddler and harness-maker, was born near Water- town, N. Y., Feb. 4, 1831. His parents came to Ohio when he was four years of age, living at Athens, Chillicothe and Coolville. When he was fifteen he went to Marietta and learned the saddle and harness-maker's trade with Charles Cambers & Co., serving an apprenticeship of four years, after which he attended the Harmar Academy a year and the Wesleyan University at Delaware two years. He then worked at his trade in Harmar a year, and in 1853 he came to Athens and worked for E. P. Jewett a year. In 1854 he established his present shop, where he is doing a good busi- ness. He was married Sept. 20, 1853, to Cornelia S., daughter of Major Reed, Esq., of Reedsville, Meigs County. They have six: children — Edward T., Justice of the Peace, Athens; Alice L., graduate of the Athens Union School, class of 1877; Charles Otis, Belle, Frank C. and Fannie. Mr. and Mrs. Rose are both mem- bers of the Methodist church. He is a local preacher; was or- dained Deacon by Bishop Thomas A. Morris, Sept. 30, 1866. Frederick Moth, proprietor of Athens Tannery, was born in Mecklenburg Schwerin, , Germany, Oct. 23, 1838. When sixteen years of age he came with his father to America, going first to Hfirmony, near Springfield, Ohio, where thej' worked in a tannery about three years. In the meantime his mother and the remainder of the family had followed them to America. They then went to Jeffersonville and established a small tan yard, working together about twelve years. In 1870 Frederick withdrew his interest in the business and went to farming near Jeffersonville. In 1S75 he sold his farm and came to Athens, where he is now extensively en- gaged in the tanning business. June 16, 1869, he married Mar- garet Coons, of Fayette County, Ohio. Mr. Roth is by birth and education a Lutheran, and though a member of no church adheres to the faith of the Lutheran church. James W. Sands, Deputy Sheriff of Athens County, was born Oct. 22, 1854, in Ogle County, 111., son of William H. B. and Nancy A. (Sanderson) Sands. When he was eight years old his parents removed to Zaleski, Vinton Co., Ohio. He received his education in the schools of his native town, New Plymouth, Ohio, and the Ohio University, graduating from the latter in the class of 1879. He was employed in the freight and telegraph offices of the M. & C. R. R., at Zaleski and Roxabell, a short time, and in the 382 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. fall of 1879 came to Athens and commenced the study of law, un- der the preceptorship of Hon. C. H. Grosvenor. In January, 1880, he was appointed Deputy Sheriff, by Sheriff Tim. B. Warden, and is now serving in that capacity, still pursuing the study of law. He is a Master, Koyal Arch, and Knight Templar Mason, and a member of the lodge, chapter and commandery at Athens. Jacob Shafler, merchant tailor, Athens, born in Munich, Germany, Feb. 23, 1S47, is a son of Nicholas and Madlaine (Moore) Shafler. He was educated in the business college of his native city and learned the trade of a tailor. In 1879 he came to Amer- ica, first stopping in New York City about three months. He then came to Athens and worked for Enneking & Bnnnemire four months, after which lie went to Portsmouth, Ohio, and from there to Rushville, Ind., returning to Athens Oct. 1, 1880, when he es- tablished his present business. Sept. 1, 1881, Mr. Shafler mar- ried Miss Lionne Bodine, of Rushville, Ind. He is a member of the Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M. ; Portsmouth Lodge, No. 416, I. O. O. F., and Athenian Lodge, No. 104, K. of P. Jan. 1, 1883, he was elected a member of the Board of Direct >rs of the People's Building and Loan Company, of Athens. Christopher Remington Sheldon, City. Clerk of Athens, was bom at Pawtuxet, R. I., July 15, 1823, the son of Christopher and Amelia (Holmes) Sheldon, with whom he came to Athens County, Ohio, in 1835. Previous to that time he had attenied the schools of his native town, and after arriving at Athens he attended school two terms. In 1S37 ( then being fourteen years old ) he went to Coshocton, Ohio, and clerked two and a half years when he returned to his father and pursued farming on the homestead farm until 1852. lie then removed to Athens where he worked at the car- penter's trade until 1861, after which he was in the grocery busi- ness until ISso. In April, 1861, he was elected a Trustee of Athens Township, and being re-elected served four years. In 1866 he \va- appointed Clerk of Athens Township, to fill a vacancy, and in the subsequent spring was elected to the same office. Since 1870 he has been City Clerk of Athens. He has been twice married. His first wife wis Miss Melvina Rice, of Athens, whom he mar- ried Nov. 3<», L846, and who died in September, 1S50, leaving him two sons — Thomas II., of Colorado, who has been Teller and Cash- ier of the First National Bank seventeen years, and Charles A., now a farmer of Athens Township. He married his second wife, Miss Ann E. Childs, of Athens, Oct. 12, 1851. They have three HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 383 children— George F., of West Libert}', Iowa; Christopher C, Cashier for Selig & Co. , of Athens, and Ida C, wife of H. E. Dickason, Cashier of the First National Bank, of Jackson, Ohio. Frank C. Steadman, junior member of the firm of W. H. Brown & Co., wholesale grocers, Athens, was born in this city March 13, 1853, where he was reared and educated. He is a son of Frederick and Louisa (Golden) Steadman. When sixteen years of age he commenced to clerk for W. II. Brown, and in 1873 be- came associated with his employer, under the firm name of Brown & Steadman. In 1876 he withdrew his interest and went to Phila- delphia and carried on a hotel for the National Surgical Institute till 1880, when he returned to Athens and again became associated with W. II. Brown in the wholesale grocery business, under the firm name of W. H. Brown & Co. Aug. 1, 1880, he married Etta Crouse, of Philadelphia. Mr. Steadman is a member of Paramu thia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M., Athens. Holt Spencer Stimson, M. D., son of Dr. Stephen and Abigail (Shaw) Stimson, was born March IS, 1823, in Jericho, Chittenden Co., Va. When he was nine years of age his parents came to Ohio, living a year at Mt. Vernon and then going to Homer, Lick- ing County. He received his education at the High School in Homer, and a seminary in Delaware, Ohio. His father being a physician he early had a desire to study the same profession, and spent con- siderable time in his father's office. When seventeen years of aare he began the actual study of the profession, remaining under the preceptorship of his father till twenty years of age. In 1843 he went to Nelsonville and was associated with his brother, Dr. B. C. Stimson, three years. He then went to Guysville and practiced three years, and in 1849 came to Athens, where he has built up a large practice. Nov. 20, 1816, he married Amanda, daughter of Abraham and Lydia (Lawrence) Cornish. Dr. Stimson has serve>l a- a member of the City Council of Athens seven years. John Leign Strahl, proprietor of South Planing Mill, Athens, was born in Athens County, Ohio, April 12, 1854, a son of John and Hannah Jane (Smith) Strahl. When he was two years of age his parents removed to Vinton County and lived three years; then removed to Albany, Athens County, where he grew to manhood. When nineteen years of age he engaged in the cabinet and under- taking business, following it till 1876. In 1875 he added a plan- ing mill to his other business. In 1880 he moved his mill to Athens. Nov. 20, 1880, he married Phcebe Aurilla Rigg, of Al- 384 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. bany. They have one child — Fred, Mr. and Mrs. Strahl are mem- bers of the Baptist church at Albany. Alexander Bothwell Scott, deceased, was born at Putnam, Ohio, in October, 1808, of Scotch-Irish parents, they both emigrating from Ireland when very young. When lie was quite young his parents removed from Putnam to Harmar, thence to Belpre, Ohio, and later to McConnelsville, where he lived until 1858, and was variously employed. At one time he ran a general store, and during that time carried on the mercantile business one year (1840) at Chauncey. In 1842 he took charge of the flouring mill of Doster & Cassel at McConnelsville, and was so employed for thirteen years. He was again variously employed until the spring of 1S5n when he took charge of the Herrold Mills, of Athens, removing his family to that city in the spring of 1859. He remained in that po- sition until the spring of 1864 when he took charge of Stewart's Mill near Athens. He died Jan. 3, 1866, at his home in Athens, having been in failing health for two years. Dec. 29, 1S39, he was mar- ried to Miss Susan Rutledge, of McConnelsville. They had four children — William H., President of Ohio University; John R. Winfield, freight and ticket agent for the Washington & Baltimore R. R., at Athens; Anna M., who died in infancy, and Wilbur F., express agent at Athens. Mr. Scott was a member of the M. E. church the greater part of his life. He was well informed, being a great reader, and above the average in intelligence. He was de- voted to his family and took great pains to educate his sons, placing in their hands the best literature. Wilbur Fish Scott was born at McConnelsville, Morgan Co., Ohio, Dec. 25, 1850, the youngest son of Alexander B. and Susan (Rutledge) Scott. Soon after his birth his parents came to Athens, where his father died when he was fifteen years old. He received a common-school education and was variously employed until his twentieth year, when he entered the M. & C. R. R. office as clerk under his brother, W. Scott. He was married March 3, 1881, to Sadie, daughter of George E. and Eliza (Carpenter) Whipple, of Athens. They have one child — Nellie. Mr. Scott is a member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M., Athens. Rev. William Henry Scott, Professor of Mental, Moral and Political Science and President of Ohio University, Athens, was born in Chauncey, Ohio, Sept. 14, 1840. When about one year old his parents, Alexander B. and Susan (Rutledge) Scott, removed to McConnelsville, Ohio, where he attended school until he was six- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 385 teen. At that age he began t) teach school and taught two years in the meantime preparing himself, by private study, to enter col- lege. In the spring of 1859 he entered Ohio University, from which he graduated in the class of 1862. The last two years of his attendance at the University he taught in the Preparatory Department. Immediately after graduating he was elected Super intendent of the Union Schools of Athens and filled that position until February, 1864, when he was appointed by the Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees of the Ohio University tem- porary Principal of the Preparatory Department, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Prof. E H. Guthrie. In the folio win «• June he was chosen as permanent Principal by the B mrd of Trus- tees. In June, 1865, he resigned that position to enter iipm the ministry, having previously, in October, 1864, been ordained by Bishop Ames, and connected himself with the Ohio Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His first charge was the Main Street M. E. Church, of Chillicothe, Ohio, where he officiated until the fall of 1867, when he was sent by his conference to the Towns Street Church, Columbus, O no. In the summer of 1S69 he was elected Professor of Greek by the B >ard of Trustees of Ohio Uni- versity. He filled that chair until the summer of 1872 when he was appointed by the Executive Committee of the Board of Trus- tees, Acting President, vice Dr. Solomon Howard, resigned. At the next meeting of the Board of Trustees he was elected Presi- dent and still holds that position. Aug. 9, 1863, he was married to Miss Sarah A. Felton, of Athens. They have six children — Charles Felton and Emma, students at the Ohio University; Ber- tha, Herbert, Ernest and Dudley. Winjield Scott, freight and ticket a^entof the Cincinnati, Wash- ington & Baltimore R R , at Athens, was born at McConnelsville, ()., Feb. 3, 1846. When twelve years of age he removed to Athens with his parents, Alexander and Susan (Rutledge) Scott, living there until he was seventeen. He was educated in the schools of his native town and Athens. He left home in January, 1863, en- listing in Company A, Thirty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private, serving until August, 1865. He was with his company in the engagement at Atlanta, Ga., and also in Sherman's "march from Atlanta to the sea." After his discharge at the expiration of his term, he returned to Athens and became associated withjhis father in the milling business, remaining in the business until 1868, when he obtained the appointment of freight and ticket agimt for 25 386 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY, the Cincinnati, Washington & Baltimore R. R. Company, and he has held this position ever since. Nov. 15, 1870, he was married to Miss Anna F., daughter of George E. Whipple, of Athens, six children being born to them — Guy, Anna, Winfield, Jr., Paul, Grace and Homer. Himself and wife are members of the Meth- odist Episcopal church. He is an Odd Fellow, a member of Se- reno Lodge, No. 479, and Encampment, No. 175, at Athens; also a member of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., at Athens. William Austin Thomas, Superintendent of the Athens County Children's Home, was born near Chillicothe, O., Sept. 9, 1835, the youngest of seven sons of James and Tamzon (Wilkins) Thomas. His mother died when he was five years old. He received his ru- dimentary education in the common schools, completing it at the Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, and Ohio University, Athens. In August, 1861, he enlisted in the Regimental Band of the Sixty- ninth Ohio Infantry, and served nearly a year, when, by an order from the War Department, all regimental bands were disbanded. He then returned to Ohio and taught in Ross County till Decem- ber, 1862, when he came to Athens and engaged in the grocery business two years. Feb. 25, 1864, he married Ella A., daughter of John R. and Maria (King) McCune, of Athens. In May, 1864, he enlisted to serve 100 days, in Company C, One Hundred and Forty -first Regiment Ohio National Guards. At the organization of the regiment, his company having an excess of men, he was transferred to Company G, and promoted to Orderly Sergeant, but served as Post-Adjutant at Guyandotte most of his time of service. At the expiration of bis time he returned to Athens and the same year was elected Justice of the Peace, holding the office six years. During this time he studied law with Knowles & Martin, and was admitted to the bar at Marietta in 1867. He soon after went to Hamilton, Butler County, and with his brother B. F. formed the law firm of B. F. & W. A. Thomas, but did not remain there long. II turning to Athens, he dealt in musical instruments and taught vocal and instrumental music till January, 1883, when he accepted the Supcrintendency of the Athens County Children's Home. Mr. anl Mrs. Thomas have one child — -Mab >1. They and their daugh- ter arc members of the Methodist church, Mr. Thomas having been a local preacher since 187<>. He is a member of Sereno Lodge, No. 479, I. O. O. F., Athens. Enimett Tompkins, Prosecuting Attorney of Athens County, was born in McConnelsville, Morgan Co., Ohio, Sept. 1, 1853. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 387 His parents were Hon. Cydnor B. and Mary A. (Fouts) Tompkins; both died before his eleventh year. In his twelfth year he came to Athens County and was reared by his guardian, W. B. Vorhest, with whom he lived until manhood. He was educated in the Ohio University at Athens. After leaving the University he began the study of law with Hon. C. H. Grosvenor. He was admitted to the bar by the District Court of Yin ton County, Sept. 7, 1875. He then established himself in the law practice at Athens. In the spring of 1876 he was elected City Solicitor of Athens and served the term of two years. In 1878 lie was elected Mayor of Athens, which office he resigned in 1879 to accept the office of Prosecuting Attorney, to which he was elected that year. He was elected his own successor in 1881 and is still the incumbent of that office. Sept. 21, 1875, he married Martha L., daughter of John M. Welch and granddaughter of Hon. John Welch, late Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio. They have one child — Cydnor Welch. Politically, he is a Republican. He is a Master Mason and mem- ber of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, Athens, and of the Phi Delta Theta, a college fraternity. lion. Ohas. Toivnsend, ex-Secretary of State and attorney at law, Athens, Ohio, was born Dec. 22, 1834, at Harrisville, Belmont Co., Ohio, but was reared on a farm in the vicinity of Athens. In his seventeenth year he entered the Ohio University from which he graduated in the class of 1861. He defrayed the expenses of his education by teaching, receiving no assistance. He had substan- tially completed his college course in 1857, but graduated at the term before mentioned. At the breaking out of the late war he was Principal of the Decamp Institute, Meigs County, Ohio, but relinquished his position, and, without appointment or commis- sion, recruited 120 men for the Union service, who were enlisted in Company C, Thirtieth Ohio Infantry, and mustered in at Camp Chase, Ohio, in July, 1861. On the organization of the company he was elected Captain and received his commission from the Gov- ernor of Ohio. He was immediately assigned to duty with his company under General Poseerans in West Virginia, and next under General Pope, with whom he served until after the second battle of Ball Pun. He then served under General Geo. B. McClellan until the battle of Antietam, when his regiment was transferred to the Army of the Tennessee, where he served in Sherman's corps until the siege of Vicksburg and the battles around and about that city. He served with his regiment in the 388 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. same corps in Georgia, having been promoted to Major. He was tendered a Colonel's commission to take charge of another regi- ment, but preferred to remain with his own. He was through the Atlanta campaign, and while storming a battery at Nickajack was seriously injured by the explosion of a shell from which he was so disabled that he was obliged to leave the service and return home just as the war was about to close. In 1866 he graduated from the Law Department of the University at Cincinnati, Ohio, and imme- diately entered upon the practice of law at Athens. In October, 1869, he was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Athens County and re-elected in 1871 and 1873. In 1876 he was elected a .Representa- tive in the Ohio Legislature and re-elected in 1878. In 1880 he was elected Secretary of State of Ohio, his term of office expiring January, 18S3. In October, 1859, he was married to Miss Mar- garet J. Allen. Thev have three children — Helen M., Charles H. and Mary. Mr. Townsend is a Master, Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason. Franklin Tichenor Towsley, eldest son of Darius and Mary E. (Clogston) Towsley, was born Aug. 5, 1813, in Marietta, O. He worked with his father at the trade of carpenter and bridge-builder from his eleventh year till after the breaking out of the late war. March 26, 1862, he enlisted in Battery K, First Ohio Light Artil- lery. During his three years' service he participated in many prominent battles and forced marches, among which are the battles of McDowell, Franklin, Shenandoah Valley, Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain. Sept. 1, 1861, he was appointed by General Thomas Postmaster at Stevenson, Ala. On one occasion the mail agents refused to take the mail to Huntsville, a distance of seventy miles, on account of the danger, the road having been in the possession of the rebels for some time. He telegraphed to General Thomas at Nashville, offering his services, which were accepted, and with a loco- motive, tender, and one box car, and no guards, he made a successful run down and back. March 11, 1865, he was discharged at Nash- ville, Tenn., and returned to Marietta, O., and again took up his former occupation. The latter part of that year he, with throe other mechanics, loaded a flat-boat with the materials for building a dwelling in Memphis, and after a pleasant voyage arrived in that city during the great riot between the ex-slaves and rebels. He was an eye-witness to the murder of several negroes, and twice re- fused to fall into the ranks of the rebel mob. For more than a week the city was illuminated with the burning of the Government HISTORY OF HOCKIKG VALLEY. 380 barracks occupied by the negroes. After his return to Marietta lie was employed as carpenter on several of the river boats. He has, since then, built or helped to build a number of river steamers now- plying the Ohio, Cumberland and Kanawha rivers. In March, 1873, while making a trip on the Arkansas River, the boat struck a snag at midnight, and sank in thirteen feet of water and imme- diately caught tire, burning to the water's edge. Of fifty-one souls on board seventeen were lost. F. T. Towsley was highly compli- mented by all the river newspapers from Pittsburg to New Or- leans for his heroic conduct in saving the lives of the passengers and crew. Having lost all his clothes and tools he returned to Mari- etta and worked at his trade until November, when he came to Athens and assisted in finishing the asylum for the insane. Since then he has assisted in building many of the finest buildings in the State. June 24, 1S81, Columbus Golden Post, G. A. P., was mustered in at Athens, and he was appointed Sergeant-Major, holding the position till 1883, when he was appointed Adjutant. Feb. 9, 1882, he was appointed mustering officer of the Thirteenth District, composing the counties of Athens and Morgan, and since then he has mustered in T. P. Stanley Post, Zaleski; Stewart Johnson Post, McConnelsville; Wesley Weller Post, Deavertown ; Thomas Dew Post, Buchtel. Previous to this he had assisted in mustering in Hill Post, at New Straits ville. In February, 1883, he was appointed mustering officer of the Ninth District, com- prising Athens and Hocking counties, and has re organized Phil. Kearney Post, Nelsonville; Chilcotte Post, South Bloomingville; and mustered in the Thomas F. Wildes Post, Coolville, and Luther Devoe Post, Carbon Hill. He was a delegate from Athens to the Departmental Encampment at Youngstown. Jan. 1, 1883, he married Jennie F. Ulmer, and is now living on the McGill property recentl} T purchased by his father-in-law. George Weaver Toivsley, contractor and builder, of Athens, a son of Darius and Man- E. (Clogston) Towsley, was born at Ma- rietta, Ohio, Jane 23, 1850. He was educated in the* schools of Marietta. His patriotism developed itself at an early age, as when only eleven years of age, in 1861, he went out with the Eightj'-sev- enth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as drummer boy and served six months. While out he was taken prisoner at Harper's Ferry, when General Miles surrendered that post to the Confederates, and was released on parol. In 1862, with his drum, he aided in producing martial music that inspired young patriots to enlist in 390 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, he himself enlisting as Drum-Major. His father objecting, he reluc- tantly yielded to parental authority and remained at home. How- ever, in 1864, after earnest entreaties, he was permitted to enlist in the One Hundred and Forty-sixth Ohio National Guards, as a drummer boy, for 100 days, and was on duty in front of Petersburg during his whole time of service. After his discharge he returned home and began to work at the carpenter and joiners trade under his father, remaining with him until 1870. He then came to Ath- ens and worked for Henry O'Bleness as journeyman and foreman until 1877, when he began to contract for himself. April 15, 1871, he was married to Mary M., daughter of W. M. Vorhess, of Ath- ens. They have two children — Mabel and Jessie. Mr. Towsley is a member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M., at Athens. He is a member of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., of Athens. Peter Ulmer, carpenter and joiner, was born in Nockamixon Township, Bucks Co., Penn., Aug. 17, 1824. His mother dy- ing while he was an infant, he was adopted by Jacob Bougher, with whom he lived in Bucks and Allegheny counties until 1844, when he came with him to Ohio and settled in Lodi Township,* Ath- ens County, remaining with him until attaining his majority in 1 845. In boyhood he worked in the cooper shop of a son of his foster father and learned that trade. In 1846 he built a shop in Lodi Township and carried on coopering there until the fall of 1860, when he removed to Harmony, Athens Co., and worked for S. B. Pruden until 1868. In the latter year he came to Athens and opened a shop and worked at the cooper's trade during the winter months, and at the carpenter and joiner's trade during the remain- der of the year until 1878, when he abandoned the cooper's trade. April 12, 1847, he married Miss Mary Jane Saddler, of Lodi Town- ship. They have four children — Jacob, Josephine, Jennie and Effieanettie. Ron. Nelson II. Van Vorhes. — Among the eminent dead of the Hocking Valley, Nelson II. Van Vorhes stands in the front rank, doubtless the foremost in public life. From the time he was a young man up to the date of his death, Dec. 4, 1S82, he has been held in high esteem, regarded as worthy of filling almost any posi- tion of trust. Not only has he been worthy of the public honors conferred upon him, but by the faithful and honorable discharge of every trust he has deserved the perfect confidence of his fellowmen HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 391 and his life has been well honored with public positions. At the age of twenty-one he assumed the editorial control of a newspaper; at twenty-six was a member of the Ohio Legislature, having been nominated without oppesition, and elected by a majority exceeding that of his ticket. At thirty-four he was Speaker of the House and the choice of his party for a seat in the National Congress, and though failing of election at this time, he was, later in life, twice elected to that body. He was born in Washington County, Pa., Jan. 23, 1822, whence he removed with his father's family to Athens County at tea years of age. His father, Abraham Van Vorhes, was a man of unusual strength of mind and character, and, like his son, had been honored with public positions, among them a seat in the State Legislature. He first settled on the present site of Hebbardsville, which town he founded. After four years' resi- dence here he became the proprietor and editor of the Western Spectator, published at Athens, and removed to that place. At this time young Nelson entered the newspaper office as an ap- prentice, having had but little schooling and that only such as was then afforded by the district schools. While in this position his ' father became a member of the House of Representatives, and he was left in control of the paper. In 1844 he and his brother, A. J. Yan Vorhes, purchased the paper, the Athens Messenger and Hocking Valley Gazette as it was then called, and he became the leading editor and manager. A few years later S. N. Miller bought one third of the paper when the firm name became N. II. Yan Vorhes & Co. Mr. Miller withdrew in a short time, as did also Mr. Van Vorhes a few years later, but only temporarily on a - count of failing health. He returned to the paper again in IS56 and continued its editor and proprietor until 1861, when he sold out and entered the Union army. He was one of the first to re- spond to the call for troops, entering the first company organized at Athens, as a private. He was in active duty nearly two years when his failing health compelled him to resign. During this time he was successively promoted through a number of subordi- nate offices to that of Colonel, which he held at the time of his resignation. In 1865 he formed a partnership with W. D. Bart- lett in the hardware business, the business and the partnership continuing up to within a few months of his death. His entrance into public life was in 1850 when he was elected by the Whigs to represent Athens and Meigs counties in the State Legislature. He continued to represent Athens County until 1854. In 1853 he was 398 BISTORT OF HOOKING V Ai.l.KY. nominated by his party for Secretary oi tho State, but was defeated with the rest of the ticket The following year he was elected Probate Judge, but before the ezpiratiou of his term he resigned, to enter the House of Representatives, having been again elected in 1855. During this term he served for the first time as Speaker. in L857 he was again elected a Member of the House. The fol- |< w ng year he was a candidate for Congress from his district hut. although running ahead 1 1 his ticket, was not elected. In L869 he was again chosen to the Ohio Souse of Representatives, and still again in 1871, when he was a second time made Speaker. In 1874 he was elected to Congress and in L876 was re-elected. Much against his own inclination he was made a candidate tor a third elec- tion in 1>78 hut, the district having recently been made Strongly Democratic, he tailed of election. General Warner, o( Marietta, being the successful candidate. Duringall his public career he was never even suspected of complicity in anything the least dishonorable. He retired from public life with clean hands, as much a public favorite as ever. Throughout life he was feeble in health, having a delicate constitution, but by his upright and mild nature and his C( rdial fidelity to all, he secured and retained the confidence and friendship o\ all with whom he became associated. Mr. Van Vorhes was married to Elizabeth B. Foster, Oct 23, L845. lie was the lather o\ three children— Charles, who died in L851; Louis A. and Nellie 11. who, with their mother, still survive him. . section boss ^( theC, 11. Y. & T, U. K.. was born in Galway County, Inland, Nov. i>, 1821, and is the eldest oi live sons of Martin and Bridget (Gilmore) Varley. When twenty years of age became to America, Landing at New Fork City, April. It'., 1841. lie first went to Morrison County, N. J., where he was employed as foreman stone cutter, but not liking the climate he went to Portland, Me., and was foreman on the Maine Central li. R. two years. He then went to Hartford, Conn., and worked in the same capacity on the Hartford & Waterbury Railroad eighteen months. From this time till 1856 he was at Bridgeport, Fort Chester. White Plains, llaverstraw, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Pittsburg and Parkersburg. In 1856 he came to Ohio, and during that year was employed as foreman of the stone cutting on the M. a C \l. R. In l < r> 7 be purchased a farm near Fleming, where he lived till L864, being during that time employed a- foreman o\ the hands that du^ the four-mile tunnel on the M. & 0. R. K. From L 865 to 1868 he was section boss on the same road. HISTORY <>V HOCKING VAl.l.hV. During 1868 ho had charge of the B ( einnati Junction to r i .'-•'- to 187 employed by the i • Hocking Valley B ! ame road. Aug. 4, 1853, he I Ann < Fork ' train dispatcher of the C. & \\. V. R. k. at < graph ope rid Willia n and VTar ';■•■ • rhich he i Trn >( -<:. Archibald B. Walker. - >n of Dr Ezra Wi Ponltney, Rutland Oo.,Vt., Oct. L5, J- Township with his father's fam cellent neighborhood he e the advantag ar in i -..'nail farm, thus form _ eer life. In 1825 he married vanus Ame>, and in L826 1 •: resided contin reared a fam and four to Athens, Mr. W ■ I a few the clerk's offio jtant Clerk '.viii-jfi p a £ ) him in all - tb sequent life. T . • ■ I fort/. with his b v. Mr. James J, . in- cluding pork-pack „ ee. To added, al fur- nace opp Chaui . soon after they '■, Is and erected the fui e owned by M. M. Greene & Co. For a- - the firm name of I • Walke] I and fa ealley and in the central and so parts of the ] partnership . sd in ] 853. Since that 1 Mr. Walker hasnotengag During the county he to embrace and a At home and abroad, in personal ' ■] ready and • of the county, and presenting ms. He one of the oi D tor of the 394 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad, and an early and strenuous advo- cate for the construction of the Hocking Valley Railroad, which has been subsequently built under the energetic control of younger men, and which he is gratified to have been spared to see com- pleted, and witness its wonderful success. Those who are familiar with the history of Athens County and the Hocking Valley are unanimous in according to Mr. Walker a large measure of credit for the faithfulness with which he has worked for the welfare of the valley in all things, lie is universally respected as an upright citizen and a true Christian. Mr. Walker has had, as is stated above, two sons and four daughters. Of the sons, the eld- est is Charles M., editorof the Indianapolis Times, who is men- tioned more fully in connection with " Walker's History of Athens County." The second son is Ezra M., a merchant of Athens at the present time. He is unmarried, and resides with his father. The eldest daughter, Laura, is now Mrs. James Ballard, residing in Athens. Miss Augusta resides at home. Alice is now Mrs. Frederick L. Ballard, of Philadelphia; and Helen, the youngest, also resides at home. George Ralph Walker, dealer in books, stationery, pictures and picture frames, and musical instruments, was born in Athens, Dec. 29, 1850. His parents were William and Matilda (Claxton) Walker, with whom he lived until manhood. He was educated at the Ohio University, graduating in the class of 1872. He then began the study of medicine, and after studying some eighteen months was obliged to abandon it on account of too close applica- tion impairing his eye-sight. In October, 1873, he established himself in his present business at Athens. Dec. 9, 1874, he was married to Miss Ida M. Mingus, daughter of Gideon Mingus, of Bow- ling Green, Ky., by whom he has one child — Lelia M. Mr. and Mrs. Walker are both members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Athens. He is a member of Paramuthia Lodge, iSTo. 25, A. F. & A. M., of which he is Secretary. He is also an Odd Fellow and member of the subordinate lodge and encampment at Athens, and is Past Grand and Past Patriarch. John Henry Walker, undertaker, was born in Athens, Feb. •;, 1836, a son oi' William and Matilda (Claxton) Walker, lie was reared and educated at Athens and lived with his parents until his sixteenth year, when he went to Coolville to serve an apprentice- ship of three years with Isaac A. Dinsmore, to learn the carpen- ter's trade. He then worked at the trade until the spring of 1859, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 395 when, in connection with carpentering, he took charge of his father's farm in the vicinity of Athens, until 1862. In September of that year he enlisted in Company I, Seventh I. V. Cavalry, under Captain A. Norton, going out as a Corporal. Feb. 28, 1863, lie was promoted to Sergeant, but acted as First or Orderly Sergeant from September, 1863, to April, 1864. He participated in the battles of Dutton Hill, West Farm, Monticello, Mount Sterling, Blue Spring, Raytown, and many ethers. He was discharged at Nashville, July 8, 1865, and returned to Athens and worked at the carpenter's trade until 1867, when he was employed in the Pilcher Furniture Factory at Athens, in which he worked eight years. In 1875 he established his present business. March 7, 1860, he mar- ried Amelia Crippen Higgins, of Athens County. They have six living children — Adie M., Nettie M., Edward II. , Frederick B., Bertha C. and Nellie PI. They have lost one, "William II., who died June 30, 1879, at the age of eighteen years. Mr. and Mrs. Walker are members of the First Presbyterian Church of Athens. lie is a Master and Royal Arch Mason, and member of the lodge and chapter at Athens. He is a Past Master of his lodge. He is an Odd Fellow and member of Sereno Lodge, No. 479, of which he is a Past Grand. He is a charter member of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., and has filled the posi- tion of Officer of the Day since its organization. William Walker, deceased, was born in Yorkshire, England, Dec. 30, 1808. In 1819, when eleven years old, became with his parents to the United States, settling at Athens. His lather being a horse-shoer by trade, William learned that part of the black- smith's trade with him. When nineteen years of age, with only $6 in his pocket, he went on foot to Cincinnati and completed his trade, and returned to Athens when he was twenty-one. He then established himself in the blacksinithing business anl followed it until 1856, when he removed to a farm one mile south of Athens, where with farming he also carried on blacksinithing until 1857, when he had the misfortune to lose his right arm in a threshing machine. He then pursued finning until 1866, when, retiring from business, he returned to Athens where he lived until his death, Dec. 3, lb77. He was noted for his skill in blacksinithing, espe- cially in making edged tools. Sept. 8, 1831, he married Matilda Claxton, daughter of Thomas and Mary J. (Blatch) Claxton. She was born in the Northern part of London, England, June 24, 1810. When an infant her parents emigrated to the United States, set- 396 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tling at Baltimore. At the breaking out of the war of 1812 they came to Ohio and settled at Chillicothe, and lived there until 1820, when they came to Logan where she lived with them until her mar- riage. Mr. and Mrs. Walker had six children, only three now living. Mr. Walker became a member of the Methodist Episcopal church when he was nineteen years of age, and was a consistent member of that church until his death, and for many years officiated as Class-Leader. His wife, who still survives him, is also a member of that church . Thomas Walsh, a farmer and resident of Athens and lately a merchant of that city, was born in County Longford, Ireland, in May, 1811. When he was four years of age his parents, James and Catherine (O'Rile}^) Walsh, came to the United States. They settled in Athens Township, Athens Co., Ohio, where he was reared a farmer and given a good common-school education. His father dying when he was fourteen years of age, he continued to live with his mother and had charge of the farm for her until becoming of age. He remained on the homestead farm until 1875, when he came to Athens and engaged in merchant tailoring until 1879. He is now engaged in overseeing his farm in Canaan Township, but resides in Athens. Sept. 5, 1878, he was married to Uphema McGrravy, of Logan, by whom he has two children — Katy Estella and Jessie Genevieve. Himself and wife are mem- bers of St. Paul's Catholic Church, of Athens. Timothy Burr Warden, Sheriff of Athens County, was born at Mt. Vernon, Knox Co., O., Aug. 25, 1818. He is the son of Henry P. Warden, who was for some fifteen years freight agent for the Sandusky, Mansfield & Newark Railroad, via the Baltimore cV' Ohio, at Sandusky. lie lived with his parents at his birthplace until his fifteenth year, when he removed with them to Sandusky. At the age of twenty, in 1868, he came to Amesville, Athens County and became associated with his brother, C. H. AVarden, in the mercantile business, under the firm name of C. H. Warden & Brother. In 1871 they removed to Athens where they engaged in shipping produce, and are doing an extensive business. In 1879 Mr. Warden was elected Sheriff of Athens County on the Repub- lican ticket. The election was warmly contested, there being four candidates in the field, he receiving a majority of 267 votes. He was re-elected in 1881 by a majority of nearly 1,500 votes. During his term of office in 1881, the lynching of the notorious Charles C. Davis by a furious mob took place at Athens, a history of which HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 397 can be found elsewhere in this volume. Sept. 15, 1871, he mar- ried Miss Augusta, daughter of Dr. Lorenzo Fulton, of Ames- ville, bj whom he has four children — Harry F., Ella W., Mary E. and Winnie A. He is a Master, Royal Arch and Knight Temp- lar Mason, and member of lodge, chapter and commandery at Athens. He is also an Odd Fellow and member of Sereno Lodge. No. 479, Athens. Hon. John Welch, ex-Judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio, belongs pre-eminently in the honorable rank of self-made men. He shared the hardships of pioneer life, struggled against ill health, and wrenched success out of the hard hand of poverty. He was born in Harrison County, Ohio, Oct. 28, 1805. The region was then, to a great extent, a wilderness, and John's father was one of the earliest pioneers who undertook the task of subduing it, and converting it into a cultivated and productive land. He was a poor man with a large family, consisting of seven sons and four daughters. The child of such a household who would have prosperity, manifestly must work it out for himself. It certainly would not be thrust upon him, no matter how ardent the parental love, or how strong the parental wish to have things better than they are, for those who come after. John Welch was one to work out results for himself. He had early set his heart on success, and his purpose never fal- tered, no matter how discouraging the obstacles that presented themselves. He worked with his father upon the family farm until he was eighteen years of age, and during that time he acquired such education as was to be gained by attending the country district school during the winter months. These opportunities were not very great for scholastic attainments. Meager as were the facilities offered in the common schools of that day, and the short period of three months out of each year for attendance, does not mean much compared with the school privileges of the present day. Such op- portunities were made the most of in this case. When he was eighteen years of age he was "given his time " by his father, and then he began in serious earnest to obtain the education he had early determined to procure. He taught school, that he might earn money, and the money earned was spent in the prosecu- tion of liberal studies, under the best auspices within his reach. He had entered Franklin College, Ohio, and for five years, by this system of alternate teaching and attendance upon school, he main- tained himself in that institution, and in September, 1828, graduated from that college with honors. He had decided upon 39S HISTORY OF BOOKING VALLEY. the law as his future profession, and in January, 1829, com- menced his legal studies under Hon. Joseph Dana, of Athens, Ohio. Excessive study and sedentary habits impaired his health long be- fore his course of study had been completed, and for a time it seemed as if his cherished purpose of becoming a lawyer must be abandoned. His physician assured him that the surest means of restoring his broken health was to resume the active and laborious habits of his boyhood. In compliance with this assurance, he accordingly engaged in attending a saw and grist mill. This engagement offered a double advantage: It. not only promised to restore his lost health, but would also, in a very desirable manner, reinforce the finances of the young student, who was in great need of such reinforcement. The mill work did not come altogether as an interruption either of his legal studies, as it is said that the studious mill-hand would " set the saw and then read Hlackstone while it was running through the log." Be this as it may, he continued his legal studies in connection with his mill work; and so, while he was gaining new health and renewing his store of money, he was also drawing nearer to the object of his endeavors. lie continued thus to work and study, until 1833, and in the mean- time he had taken a wife, marrying Martha Starr, daughter of Captain James Starr, formerly of Connecticut, but at this time a resident of Ohio. The marriage took place soon after he engaged in the milling business, and on the 3d of June. 1833, when he gave up that business, his family consisted of a wife and two children. With this family he removed to the town of Athens. where he established his residence and where he has ever since continued to reside. In the month of November of the same year he was admitted to the bar, and at once began the practice of his profession. His practice grew rapidly, and he was soon established as a prosperous lawyer, with important and laborious work always on his hands. He brought to the practice of his profession the same ability, diligence, energy and fidelity that had marked his preparatory career, and they are qualities which win ready recognition and yield material results. In his case they were recognized, and yielded results outside the immediate circle of his profession. In L845 he was elected a member of the State Senate of Ohio, and served a term of two years in that body. In L850 he was elected to ( a- the successor of Hon. Samuel F. Vinton. Daring his term the Congressional District from which he was elected was changed, and, in consequence of this fact, he HI8T0ET OF HOCKING VALLEY. 399 failed of re-election in 1852. Daring his sitting in the National Legislature lie made two important speeches, one on the Tariff, the other on the Public Land Question. Both were able, thorough, and marked by the clear sagacity and the straightforward honesty that characterized the man. The speech on the Public-Land Question attained the honor of a publication in full in the columns of the National Intelligencer, of Washington. In the year \^:>-i he served as a delegate in the Baltimore Convention which Domi- nated General Winfield Scott for President of the United States, and in L856 ho was a member of the Electoral College which cast the vote of Ohio for John C. Fremont. In 1802 he was called from the bar to the bench, having been, in February of that year elected Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. He sat upon the bench of the Common Pleas Court until February, 1865, when he was ap pointed Judge of the Supreme Court, vice Eon. Rufus P. Ranney, resigned, lie remained upon the Supreme bench until 1878, hav- ing been re-elected to the position three times. Since his retire- ment from the bench. Judge Welch has continued to practice law up to the present time. He now spends the mast of his time in his library and garden, but continues to take an active part in politics and the affairs of life, lie has been an industrious reader all hie life, and has a very extended knowledge of literary and scientific subjects. He attends a reading club in Athens, occasionally de- livers a lecture in the University Chapel on "Mathematics," on "Religion, and Morality," on " .Mob Law," etc. He lately wrote a "History and Memorial" of the Amestown Library, the first library established in the Northwest Territory. He has now in the hands of the printers for publication a work to be entitled "Math- ematical curiosities," consisting mainly of new and original rules, puzzles and surprises, and including an interest table on an entire- ly new plan. Soon after his first election as Judge of the Supreme Court, his alma mater, Franklin College, conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL. D. As a writer, Judge Welch has an easy and elegant style, and his productions, by their clearness and originality, are always full of interest. His opinions while on the Supreme bench take rank among the first authorities on legal questions. Johnson Morton Welch, of the law firm of Welch & Welch, Athens, was born in Rome Township, Athens Co., Ohio, April 20, 1832. He is the son of Hon. John and Martha L. (Starr) Welch. When he was fifteen months old his parents removed to Athens, 400 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. where lie was reared and educated at the Ohio University, gradu- ating at the age of twenty, in the class of 1852. Immediately after graduating he made a sea voyage for the benefit of his health. In 1856 he entered his father's office to study law, and was admit- ted to the bar at Athens in 1858, and at once became associated with his father, under the firm name of Welch & Son. In 1861 he entered the Union army as Captain of Company C, Eighteenth Reg- iment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was promoted to Major of his regiment in 1863 and, was soon after appointed a member of General James S. Negley's staff, in command of Second Division of the Fourteenth Army Corps of the Army of the Cumberland. He took command of his regiment immediately after the battle of Chickamanga and commanded it until the spring of 1864, when he was made Provost-Marshal of the city of Chickamauga and served as such until the expiration of his term of service in October of that year. He was mustered out Nov. 9, 1864, when he returned to Athens and resumed his law practice. In February, 1878, he became associated with his father and formed the present law firm <>f Welch & Welch. In 1881 he was chosen President by the stock- holders of the Athens Gas-Light Company, and in 1882 became Vice-President of the First National Bank of Athens, both of which positions he still holds. He has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Adaline Carpenter, daughter of Harvey Car- penter, of Athens County, whom he married Sept. 14, 1853, and who died at Athens, July 25, 1866. They had five children — Martha, afterward wife of Emmet Tompkins, attorney at Athens ; Jessie, wife of Dr. E. C. De Steiguer, of Logan, Ohio; Charles, now of Abiline, Kan.; John, Teller of the First National Bank of Athens, and George, a student of Ohio University. June 15, 1873, he married his second wife, Miss Ella Cadwallader, daughter of the late Alfred Cadwallader, of Zanesville, Ohio. They have four sons — Edward Guy, Dudley W., Thomas C. and Philip. Jeremiah Ouey Wliipple, grocer, was born in Athens, Ohio, April 16, 1849, where he was reared and educated in the Union Public Schools. His parents are George E. and Eliza (Carpenter) Whipple. At the age of fifteen he was employed as a clerk in the store of his uncle, W. II. Potter, and remained with him three years. In 1868 he went toParkersburg,W.Va., and was, for a short time, employed in the same capacity by the Oak Oil Company. He was then employed in the grocery store of II. II. Welch, at Cin- cinnati, until 1871, when he returned to Athens, and was em- ployed in the dry -goods house of M. Selig . W. Conner, Et S ; and 11. W. Veon, P.S. A' - [sse ' . No. 1,516, A', of L.. located at Buchtel, was established April 15, 1880, with twenty charter members. The nal officers were: John McMahon, M. W.; Robert Bradley, W, V.\ Ebeuezer Moses, li. S, The present officers are: S. D. Hannah. M. Wo. Jacob Kin; :, W. V. ; Charles Covert, Et S. The HISTi VALLEY. J 11 'ijt, membership of tl An- other assembly of the ame order, the Humboldt Assembly, a German ociety, holds its meetings in the hall owned by the ab< York Lodge, . \ ■ K oj I '. . from Nelsonville in the fall of L882. I' then had and I . ad ing officers are: VV. D. B. C; E. W. Woody, C. C, and A. J. Horton, V ' '/'/"■ Tom Dew Post, (J. A. /.'. located lished Jan. charter \iK:in\><; are as follows: .1. .1. Lane, Commander; Joseph Etobison, V C )mmander; W. R. Gilmore. Q G den, Adjutant; Ferd Conner, Officer of the D; th Guard, and W. D McLai a, CI aplain. CHAPTER XVI. CITY OF NELSONVILLE, THE MINERA.L CITY OF THE HOCKING VALLEY. The Mineral City — Rather Elongated — Hills of Coal and Iron — Where Located — Some Account of its Early Settlers — First Bridge over the Hocking River — First Library and Society — Some old Papers of Value — Settlers in 1827 — J as. Knight's Prophecy — Letter to Dr. Hildreth — The Comple- tion of the Canal — Coal Operators — Heavy Work — Manu- factures — City Officers — Churches — Public Schools — Lodges and Societies — Business Interests — 1866 — 1883. the mineral city of the valley. Nelsonville is not only the largest city in the Hocking Valley, but is also the most important point in mining interests in South- eastern and Southern Ohio. It is located on the Hocking River, in the midst of one of its most fertile portions, and extends back to the hills, which rear their majestic proportions, giving from their bold outlines a pleasing view in contrast to the valley in which the town lies, and which has extended itself for nearly a mile in length — still growing and still elongating, with but little prospect of stopping until another mile or so of the valley is wrapped in its loving embrace. It is so rich in its mineral sur- rounding, so inexhaustible in its coal supply, and so fertile is the valley upon whose bosom it lies, that Nelsonville is destined to re- tain the prestige she now holds of being the largest and most important city in the rich and beautiful valley of the Hocking River. She has not so commanding a site as Athens, neither can she show so wide a plain, gentle elevations and handsome drives as Logan, but the wonderful wealth of those massive hills which surround her gives a very beautiful look to the eye of the man of business and practical knowledge when he gazes upon them, which, with but a flimsy covering of a few feet of earth, hold within their embrace a world of wealth. So Nelsonville, confined in the narrow valley, will gradually extend herself up and down for (412) '■'■■ ■'. vt \ ^v 7 / /Pit-^Ciri^^ HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 413 miles, while her breadth will scarcely, at any point, exceed a quarter of a mile. And under her black and unprepossessing look she carries a warm heart, and he who wishes to make a home here is received with open arms, and the race for a competency or wealth is opened to him, free, to exercise his own best talent and judgment to win the prize. Nelsonville is situated in the north- ern part of York Township, a small portion of the incorporated land lying over the border in Hocking County. It lies on the left bank of the Hocking River, on the line of the C, H. Y. & T. Rail- way, and the Hocking Canal. The Monday Creek branch of the C, H. Y. & T. Railway leaves the main line at this point, connect- ing it with New Straitsville and other mining towns in Perry and Hocking counties. EARLY DAYS. Prior to 1814 two families, named Johnson and Hurlbert, had settled in the wilderness of the Hocking Yalley, building their log cabins within sight of each other, very near to the present site of Nelsonville. This was the only interruption to an un- broken wilderness between the then scanty settlement of Athens and the early settlements near Logan. In 1814 Mr. Daniel Nel- son, an intelligent and prosperous citizen of Shrewsbury, Mass., purchased a large tract of land from an agent of the Ohio Com- pany, and came with his family to settle and improve it. He reached the site of Nelsonville in August, 1814, and, as soon as possible, erected a double log-cabin for a dwelling, on the ground where now stands the dwelling of Mr. John Burberry, just west of W. B. Brooks's store. The following is from the Centennial address of W. C. Hickman at Nelsonville, July 4, 1876. " In June, 1818, York Township was organized, and on the 16th of the same month Daniel Nelson laid out the village of Nelsonville, which was properly named in honor of the founder, who well deserved that and greater acknowledgment, for his public-spirted energy of character, and for his foresight and generosity to the then weak, struggling village. Let me say here, that no selfish act nor an instance of close exacting dealing- is shown, by such items of history as we can now gather, to have been perpetrated by Daniel Nelson toward the village he founded, or toward those who had cast their lot in it. He has long since passed to his final account; but these words can truth- fully be said of him, and it is his due that they be thus publicly 414 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. expressed. His death occurred on the 20th of May, 1835. The original plat comprised fifty-seven lots, numbering from one to fitty -seven. Two streets were named — Columbus and Mulberry. In the month of October, 3d day, 1825, Mr. Nelson laid out twenty additional town lots, numbering from fifty-eight to sevent} T -seven, both inclusive. At that time the town had not developed to any great extent; but those who lived here had taith in its future, and were getting ready for its growth. When Captain John Hull came there were but eight houses here. The oldest of these, a cabin, be- longing to Johnson, stood south of Steenrod ife Poston's mill, between the present bed of the canal and the railroad. EARLY SETTLERS. Mr. Nelson was a man of great energy, and was soon making more permanent improvements than were common to new settle- ments, and drawing about him men of an enterprising disposition. In 1816 Mr. Josiah Coe located near and built a flouring mill on the river bank, the same one now owned by Mr. Chas. Bobbins. Soon after, in about 1820, Mr. Thomas Thompson came and kept a hotel on the south side of the public square, only a few rods from the present Dew House. He was succeeded in the hotel business by Mr. Claudius L. Fisk, who built a brick tavern on the site ot Mr. Chas. A. Cable's residence. Mr. James Knight, an ener getic and enterprising Englishman, came in 1822 and inaugurated the mercantile business, bringing a small stock of goods with him on his first arrival. His store was a small frame building, stand- ing on the lot now occupied by his son, Wallace W. Knight, the building now being attached to and forming a part of the store of Mr. A. H. Carnes. Thus gradually but slowly the infant settle- ment grew. Although but a few people had gathered in, a town was laid out by Mr. Nelson in 1823, he at that time deeding to the village the public square and the lot on which now stands the pub- lic school building, the latter to be used for a church and school lot. Between 1816 and 1820 Mr. George Conrtauld, a wealthy Eng- lishman, purchased land and settled on what is now a part of Longstreth's Addition, about one mile from the original village ot Nelsonville. He brought with him among others a family of grown children, some of whom were married, all of whom began earnestly to prosecute the plan of establishing a village. Consid- erable land was cleared,a store was kept by Mr. Courtauld, and through his efforts a postoffice was established in 1821, which he HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 415 kept in his store. This community prospered and bid fair to ful- fill the anticipations of its proprietor, until, when on a business trip to the East, Mr. Courtauld suddenly died and the remainder of the company soon gave up the enterprise and returned to England. Coal was known to exist in the hills about Nelsonville even at this date, but it was not mined and did nothing toward developing the village until several years later. Inhabitants were attracted by the beauty and convenience of location, and the fertilitv of the soil. The principal industry was clearing and cultivating the land and transporting the products to market. An avenue tor this nurpose was supplied by the Hocking River, on which plied the flatboats of active tradesmen, transporting goods to and from the greater markets. The growth of the village in its early days was due, how- ever, in a great measure to the efforts of Mr. Nelson and a few others; through their efforts roads were opened connecting the village with other settlements in this part of the State, a bridge was built across the river, said to be the first to span the Hocking and many other efforts were put forth to secure prosperity and growth. After the death of Mr. Courtauld in 1823, Mr. Nelson was ap- pointed to succeed him as Postmaster, and he removed the office to his own village Jan. 1, 1824, the name of the office being changed to Nelsonville. FIRST BRIDGE OVER THE HOCKIIOCKING. The next move of importance was the building of a bridge across the Hocking River. This was started in 1827. May 21 of that year an advertisement was put up on trees and other places, say- ing a committee of four persons would receive proposals to build a bridge across the Hocking River, and that plans, etc., would be found in the hands of Mr. James Knight. The plans and spec- ifications of this, the first bridge ever built across the Hocking River, is now in the hands of W. W. Knight, his son, and are well worthy of examination. A subscription paper was taken around for contributions. The largest donation was $20, and the smallest 50 cents. The subscription paper read, that those wish- ing to pay their subscriptions in labor could do so, and they would be allowed the munificent sum of 50 cents per day, and they board themselves. Corn would be received at 25 cents per bushel, wheat at 50 cents per bushel, whisky at 25 cents per gallon, and pork at 416 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. $2 per 100 pounds. There was one man from Columbus who subscribed $5, one from Marietta $5, four from Lancaster, in all $10, being two of $5 each and two of $3, and the township of York $10 from the road fund. There were some four bids, but Mr. Nelson secured the job by agreeing to take the subscription paper at par and do his own collecting. The subscription amounted to $442.50, and Mr. Nelson got $400 out of it, and made to the commissioners the following statement : Bridge, per contract, $410; extra work, $85; total $495; subscription list, $440.50; bad, $40.50; net, $400; out of pocket, $95. The bridge was completed and accepted by the commissioners Oct. 23, 1828, and on May 5, 1829, that bridge started down the Hocking River on a vojage ot discovery, and, so far as the people of Nelsonville know to the contrary, is still prosecuting its search. It was to stand one year, and resulted in a lawsuit and loss to the contractor. Some years later, in 1832, another bridge was erected. FIRST LIBRARY. In 1827 there was also a movement for the establishment of a village or town library, and a report of this was made Sept. 7, 1828, when it was shown they had forty-seven volumes of miscel- laneous works in their possession. Mr. Knight has in his possession, in the original, an i : ; . several of them, headed, "An Essay on the Deity of Jesus Christ," by Thos. Scott, Rector of Aston Sanford, and dated Nov. 5, 1774. Part of these writings are in short-hand, and some of the passages are strikingly original. Some of the reverend gen- tlemen of Athens County might find food for thought in perusing this manuscript, or at least get some idea of what was the belief or the doctrine held over 100 years ago. EARLY SETTLERS. The first settlers of Nelsonville have been given, but the follow- ing named persons were residing in the village Jan. 1, 1827, as their names were found on the subscription paper in January aud February of that year, to the Hocking Bridge: Jas. Knight, C. L. Fisk, Win. Biggerstaff, Wm. Harper, Robert Thompson, Amorn Entsminger, Jas. Pickett, Jos. Brett, Saul Pickett, Jonathan White, Daniel Nelson, Jas. Tenants, Wm. Long, John Rochester, M. B. Lovewell, Samuel K. Harrington, Jacob Feirce, Jacob BISTORT OF HOCKING VALLEY. 417 Skeiver, Calvin Thompson, Richard Mills, Thos. Thompson, Geo. Mills, Win. Gleason, John McKeye, Abijah Weaver, Martin L. Sheppard, Thos. Campbell, F. Billinghurst, John Ilnme, E. Stew- art, David Robert. Thos. Brien, John Brown, B. Brice, Chas. Ship- man, Robt. Callis, Isaac Barker, Hocking H. Huhler. Wm. Stew- art, G. Kincannon, Harry Henshaw, Harvey Weill, Geo. Walker, Christian Eby, Justus Reynold, Leroy Allen, Norman Root, John Beach, Jos. B. Miles, A. Cormac, David Johnson, Calvary Morris, Solomon Finney, Dwight Jarvis, John Wight, A. Brown, John Noble, G. Browning, E. Hibbard, John Wright, Henry Bartlett, Thos. Irvin, Ebenezer Carrier, R. E. Constable, Jno. Dana, Cephas Carpenter, J. J. Fuller, Emery Newton, E. Burnett, Thos. Harris, Chas. O'Neil, S. F. McCracken, S. B. Pruden, C. F. Perkins, Sam- uel Entsminger, Benjamin Johnson, Jacob Claypool, David Skiver, John Graham, John S. Putman, Elias Spencer, Nicholas Bates, George French, Elijah Watkins, Samuel Lewis, John Council, Daniel Jacob, Thos. Watkins, Jas. Coe, Jos. S. Rollins, John Ent- sminger, David Dunham, Solomon Tuttle. Rufus P. Danir, Peter M. Dodd, John Conrad, John Weavin, Daniel Boomer, Moses Lewis, Edmund Terry, John Samson, Jacob Benjamin, Henry Hansen, Edmund Weavin, Thos. Snider, Solomon Roberts, John Roberts, John Chamberlin, John Dodd, Michael Weavin, John Per- kins, Amos Crippin, Wilmarth Allen, Seth Morge. ORIGINAL TAPERS OF VALDE. The first society organized in Nelsonville was in the fall of 1823, and was called the " York Township Amicable Library Society." No person living outside of York Township was allowed to become a member. It flourished for several years, held debates on various subjects, and was really the foundation of what was called the " Nelsonville Library," which assumed the name in 1827. The original papers of this library are in the hands of W. W. Knight, left him by his father, Mr. James Knight. Mr. Knight has man} 7 other papers of interest left him by his father, but there is one of singular importance and prophesy, a copy of a letter written to Dr. Hildreth, of Marietta, Ohio, by Mr. Knight, which shows him to have been one of the shrewdest men of his time, and had he lived (he died Aug. 26, 1836) would have held a prominent, if not the foremost, one, in the history of the town and county. He at that day, 1833-'34, had alread^v divined the future of Nel- sonville and the Hocking Valley, and he prophesied truly when he 418 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. said, "These hills were not placed here without design, nor without their uses; man has not yet found out their value." He was in- deed a prophet, a man of clear sense, a mind given to analj r sis and tracing effects from causes. In the light of the facts which have been developed the past few years, and the future which may now be considered known of this great valley, Mr. Knight's prophesy has come true, and only his observing eye and clear mind were able at that time to grasp the future of the valley of the great Hock- hocking. Here is the letter, and it is well worthy a place in the historic pages of Ohio history : COPY OF A LETTER SENT TO DR. HILDRETH, OF MARIETTA, OHIO, JAN. 17, 1834. This letter was dated Jan. 14, 1834, but filed on the 17th as sent at that time. Nelsonville, Ohio, Jan. 14, 1834. "Dr. S. P. Hildreth, Dear Sir: — Yours of the 25tli of December came safely to hand. I have to thank you for your very compli- mentary communication. I assure you nothing would give me more pleasure than to give you a reply in full to all your queries, did I feel myself sufficiently qualified to answer them in such a scientific manner as would be understood. The only answer I could possibly give you at this time is in general terms, as the time (1st of February) which you wish to have all the queries an- swered is so near at hand, and the season of the year so unpropi- tious for actual observation or research, as to render it impossible with me to do half justice to so interesting an enquiry. I thought it best to give a general answer without delay, and at the same time to say that as soon as the season of the year will allow you to leave home with any degree of comfort, to just take your horse and ride out here and pass a few days with me. In the interval I will make minutes where will be found the most interesting spots for our attention to be directed. I shall take great pleasure in spend- ing a few days in this way — it is what I have long wished to do in company with some person of science. I believe here will be more found that relates to the mineral kingdoms worthy of partic- ular notice than is generally known, or than you can form any cor- rect idea of. " In the first place we have the coal strata, aud those which are most particularly known to us are such as have presented them- selves by the washings ot runs and hollows in the hills. Veins are HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 419 to be found from one to ten feet thick, in this vicinity, above the level of the bottom land. I believe I could show you at least 100 that have presented themselves. I opened a bank the other day, on the side of a hill (at a lick), which was certainly from twenty to twenty-five feet higher in the strata than one which I knew only about one quarter of a mile distant. The one I opened was only two feet to two feet, three inches in thickness. The one referred to a quarter of a mile distant has a strata of from five to six feet. The quality of our coal is better than I ever had on my fire in England. I learn also that in sinking the salt well on Sunday Creek, that the first strata of coal was a few feet below the surface, and that an- other was passed through eleven feet thick, 100 feet below the first. My personal observation has not been sufficiently particular to state for a fact on what level the thickest stratas are to be found, but I believe it is to be in general just above the bottom lands level. " We have limestone, also, on most of our hills, in some places in considerable quantity, and I have observed it, also, in several gul- leys that are far below the usual line of level of the hill-tops. "Iron Ore, I believe in quantity inexhaustible will be found here. My impression is, that in the hills there are large quantities, from the pieces that have presented themselves in plowing, etc. In many other places not far distant I know it exists in large quantities and easily attainable. " The large sandstone rocks are generally found near the top of the hills, and frequently below them is a kind of shelly soapstone, of- ten impregnated strongly with alum; then layers of freestone, say ten inches to a foot in thickness, which will, in time, be uncom- monly valuable. In some instances large flat stones of two inches thick, suitable for paving, are found. It is under these the coal gen- erally presents itelf — though not iu all cases. I am fully persuaded that there is slate in this vicinity, of a hardness sufficient to cover a house. " I know a place, also, where thin fine stone, say from one-third to one-half inch in thickness, can be found that could be dressed for the same purpose — it would be worked profitably were it in England. ""Alum, salt-peter and copperas are known to exist in many places. These I will endeavor to get full information of by the time you visit us. I believe I could introduce you to a spring that possesses all the virtues of the Saratoga. 420 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. " Here is also a fire-clay, when dry perfectly white, and apparent- ly free from any impure admixture. It does not appear to possess the virtue of marl. I think fine earthenware could be made of it. " In short, Nature has been so bountiful in this part of the coun- try that we know not yet how to appreciate the value. A week's research of a few scientific men would discover more than all that is yet known. I have always been of the opinion, and daily experi- ence tends to confirm it, that this will be in a very few years the richest section of the State of Ohio. These hills were not placed here without design, nor without their uses. Man has not yet found out their value. We merely stir a little of their surface with no enterprise to go farther, but the time is not far distant when all our lands will be explored, and these hills which have so long been considered as of no value, and not worth paying taxes for, will be the most carefully sought. Excuse this hasty and un- connected communication. " I am very respectfully yours, " James Knight." Mr. Knight had been in correspondence with Mr. Hildreth over two years previous to this date, back in 1832, and had been stren- uous in his efforts to get a few scientific men and geologists to thoroughly examine the countr\ T around. He had divined its wealth and he wished for a full exploration to test his belief. Whether Prof. Hildreth came and examined the country or not, as this letter seems to carry out the idea that he promised to do, we know not, but it was nut long after this that the country began to attract attention in regard to its coal deposits and its iron ores and fire-clay, etc. This brought forward the canal project to ship this coal, and this, having been started and every prospect of its being completed in a few years, brought capitalists who largely invested in the coal lands. CANAL COMPLETED. On the completion of the canal in 1840 an efficient means of transportation was offered and Nelsonville was soon transformed into an active and growing mining town. While mining and ship- ping coal was a new business it was engaged in by almost every one who owned land or was able to lease mines, but on a small scale, as the modern facilities for extensive mining were not known, or if known could n<>t lie afforded. Of course the completion of the canal was the placing of Nelsonville upon a secure foundation. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 421 The mining operations began to increase largely and rapidly, and it was not many years before it passed into the hands of capitalists who could combine and carry out larger business interests. The first coal put to use in Nelsonville was taken from the river bed, but the use was very limited, being confined almost entirely to the blacksmith shops. Two wagon loads of this river coal were hauled to Columbus in April, 1830, the first being a six-horse load, fifty-eight bushels, sold by James Knight to Gill and Greer, of Columbus, at four cents a bushel, delivered. But little coal was taken to market until the canal was finished, when it began to be mined and shipped in small quantities, although a bank had been opened on the north side of Johnson's Hill to supply the local demand, which is believed to be the first mine opened in the valley. COAL OPERATORS. Soon after the location of the Hocking Valley Canal Eastern cap- italists and others of our own State made extensive purchases of land along the line of the canal from Lick Run to Chauncey. Among the most extensive purchasers were Thomas Ewing and Samuel F. Yinton, who shortly afterward associated with them- selves Nicholas Biddle and Elihu Chauncey, of Philadelphia, un- der the name of Ewing, Vinton & Co. The firm made an opening for coal about the time of the completion of the canal to Nelson- ville. Their mine was located in the hillside on the Nelsonville seam of coal, at the Dorr Run canal basin, on what is now the west end of the incorporated village of Nelsonville. Shortly after the mine of Biddle, Ewing & Vinton was opened another opening by Fuller & Walker (James Fuller and A. B. Walker, of Athens,) was made a little further up the river. Then C. Fay, John Crothers, C. Steenrod, Launcelot Scott. J. F. Som- ers and L. Steenrod were found among the pioneer miners of the valley. Their mines were situated on both sides of the flocking River, at Nelsonville, and the coal was hauled in wagons from the mouth of the mines to the canal, dumped on the wharf and loaded on the boats with wheelbarrows. Steenrod & Scott operated in what is known as the old Steenrod works, just below the village. They were in p irtnership, but soon after dissolved, Steenrod keeping the old works and Scott opening new mines in what is now known as Robbin's Hill. These mines were successfully worked by Mr. Scott for a number of years 422 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. when, on his death, the business passed into the hands of Mr. L. D. Poston, a son-in-law, who followed it up on a more extended scale. Among the more prominent early operators were also Mr. Mathew Yanwormer, of Boston, who conducted a mine just back of the village, and Dr. Robert Fulton, who operated across the river in what was afterward known as Brooks's mines. The com- pletion of the C. & H. Y. Railway gave another great impetus to the coal trade in the valley, and consequently added much to the business and growth of Nelsonville. Since the village has been until recently dependent upon the operations in coal, and its growth virtually governed by such operations.it is deemed proper to trace, in a brief way, a history of the business of some ot the leading en- terprises as identical with the growth of the village. Mr. W. B. Brooks, though a resident of Columbus, has done much to assist the growth of Nelsonville and secure the development of its natu- ral wealth. He came to Nelsonville in 1859 and, with Mathew Yanwormer, under the style of Yanwormer & Brooks, purchased 300 acres of land all across the river from the town. They opened mines and conducted the coal trade on a large scale until June, 1860, when Yanwormer withdrew and the business passed under the control of W. B. Brooks. These mines were supplied with an ice-breaking machine and continued shipping the year round. From the first the coal was transferred from the mine to the canal in cars, and there loaded into their own boats, for shipment. In 1869 Mr. Brooks purchased another tract of 600 acres immediately back of and north of Nel- sonville, known as section 19. Mines were opened on this land; the two works were run together until within a few years back, when the old mine became nearly exhausted. In the new mines were placed all the latest facilities for rapid and successful mining, including mining machines, an improved set of screens, and a sys- tem of pumps tor relieving the mine of water. The mining ma- chines and pumps are run by compressed air power, the pumps being automatic in their actions. Mr. Brooks, as one of the lead- ing citizens, has been liberal in the support of worthy enterprises. lie has been also largely in the mercantile business since he came to Nelsonville to inaugurate his mining enterprises, and erected the large brick store on the corner of the square, now occupied by the firm, in 1872. Mr. Brooks has recently taken his son into part- nership, under the firm name of W. B. Brooks ifc Son, they are doing a large business, and now put out some 200,000 tons of coal HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 423 annually. Their largest day's work was the loading and shipping of 105 cars. L. D. Poston began operating in coal soon after the completion of the canal in 1840. His first business was in connection with Mr. Launcelot Scott, who, as already stated, operated in Robbin's Hill. When on the death of Mr. Scott the business fell into the hands of Mr. Poston, he greatly improved and enlarged the facili- ties, soon becoming one of the foremost operators in the valley. At this time the coal was wagoned from the mines to the wharf. The business steadily increased and the works became gradually more extensive by the application of new methods until the late war of the Rebellion, when the business sprang to double its former pro- portions. A short time previous to the war Mr. Poston had pur- chased the lands in which he had operated, having had them leased up to this time. When the C. & H. V. Railway was built the business was again enlarged, large quantities being shipped both by railroad and canal. In 1872 he bought a tract of 250 acres of land lying just east of the town and opened the mines. Having made all the prepara- tions for extensive mining the property was leased to his sons, C. L. and Wm. W. Poston, and a son-in-law, E. P. Pendleton, for twenty years, himself retiring entirely from the business in 1875. The business was continued under the firm name of Poston & Pendleton. In 1880 Wm. W. Poston and Pendleton sold their interest to McClintick and Smith, of Chillicothe, Ohio, who are the present partners of C. L. Poston, under the firm name of C. L. Poston & Co. This firm recently purchased 400 acres of mineral land in the Monday Creek Valley, and are mining about 100,000 tons of coal a year, having constantly in its employ about 165 men. They own a large store on the public square, doing a business of about $50,000 a year. Thaddeus Longstreth. — This gentleman began operating in coal at Nelsonville in the summer of 1867. He came from Warren County, Ohio, and bought an interest in the coal works of W. G. Power & Co., who were working mines leased of Rhodes & Phil- lips. In 1869 Mr. Longstreth bought out his partners and about the same time bought the land on which the works were situated. Since that time he has been operating alone, the business con stantly increasing. In December, 1878, he purchased a large tract of coal land in Hocking County and opened extensive works on it. He employs, at Nelsonville, about 200 men and ships about 424 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 120,000 tons of coal a year. In 1871 he laid out the eastern part of Nelsonville, known as Longstreth's addition, which consists of 17S lots laid out on improved and well-laying ground. This addi- tion is already mostly taken up by dwellings, and will probably be, in a few years, a valuable portion of the city. The store owned by Mr. Longstreth is a large and substantial brick building situated in the addition. It was built in 1874, is 30 x 90 feet in dimensions, with a cellar under the whole of it. Mr. Longstreth, by support- ing public enterprises, and by the extent of his individual business interests, has done much for the welfare and growth of Nelsonville. These are the largest and oldest of coal interests, but there are several other operators well deserving of mention, both in the extent of their mining operation and their energy and enterprise. Among these are Johnson Bros. & Co., Juniper Brothers, Nelson- ville Mining Company, L. Steenrod and W. A. Shoemaker & Co. There are between 1,000 and 1,200 miners at work in these several mines, and very many of them are owners of their own dwellings. The price now paid for mining is 80 cents per ton. NOT ALL MINING. Nelsonville has, beside her mining and manufacturing inter- ests, a number of elegant and substantial public buildings, among them the Methodist Episcopal church, which is an exceptionally fine and substantial structure; the Opera House, a substantial structure situated on the public square, and a number of very line store buildings. She has at present a population of about four thousand inhabitants. The town was incorporated by act of the Legislature in 183S. The first election for town officers was held April 27, 1S39, when Charles Cable was elected Mayor; A. J. Bond, Recorder; John Coe, S. M. Shepard, John Hull, W. "W. Poston and James Rusk, Trustees. Luther Burt was appointed Marshal of the village, and Robert Miller, Treasurer. James Rusk declining to serve as Trus- tee, Thomas L. Mintun was appointed in his place. Since then the following persons have filled the town offices; up to 1870 only the Mayors arc named: Charles Cable, elected in 1S3S; Wm. Burlingame, 1840; Ebenezer Fenimore, 1811; Solomon Roberts, 1842; James Denver, 1843; R. G. McLean, 1815, 184b'-'47, no record; Lewis Steenrod, 1848 (Mr. Steenrod resigning, A. J. Guitteau was appointed for his unexpired term); I>. A. Lincoln, 1850; Thomas L. Mintun, 1S52; L. Hutchins, 1853; II. II. Myers, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 425 1S54; A. M. Burgess, 1855; C. T. Hyde, 1856; J. E. Price, 1858; A. H. Burrell, 1859; J. E. Howe, 1861; M. A. Stewart, 1862; James Eddington, 1864; H. H. Myers, 1865; Jacob C. Frost, 1866; R. R Patterson, 1867; John F. Welch, 1868. 1870. — Mayor, John F. Welch; Clerk, W. C. Hickman; Treas- urer, John C. Parker; Council, Win. Coins toe k, James Edding- ton, S. C. Koutner and C. Steenrod. 1871.— Mayor, S. W. Butt; Clerk, J. A. Benson; Council, Geo. Sotners, A. N. Bull, S. Spencer, James Verity and Frank Jones. 1872.— Mayor. Thomas L. Mintun; Clerk, A. D. Miller; Coun- cil, A. 1ST. Bull, S. Spencer, A. Poston, James Verify and J. F. Welch. 1873. — Mayor, Thomas L. Mintun; Clerk, L. L. Scott; Coun- cil, J. F. Welch, S. N. Poston, Thomas Berry, Geo. Soiners and S. C. Koutner. 1874. — Mayor, Wm. Gilliam; Clerk, James Verity; Council, W. W. Poston, J. W. Scott, J. M. Martin, Geo. Somers and S. C. Koutner. 1875. — Mayor, A. J. Schrader; Clerk, James Verity; Council, JohnT. Gray. B. C. Lefevre, S. C. Koutner, J. M. Martin, J. W. Scott and W. W. Poston. 1876.— Mayor, R.R.Ellis; Clerk, J. D. Jackson; Council, C. A. Cable, J. T. Gray, J. F. Welch, B. C. Lefevre, S. C. Koutner and W. W. Poston. 1877.— Mayor, R. R. Ellis; Clerk, L. C. Steenrod; Council, J. F. Brodt, John T. Gray, S. F. Robinet, C. A. Cable, J. F. Welch and AV. W. Poston. 1878. — Mayor, John F. Camp (R. R. Patterson filling out un- expired term); Clerk, L. C. Steenrod; Council, C. A. Cable, W. B. Devore, T. R. Blake, J. F. Brodt, John T. Gray and S. F. Rob- inet. 1879 — Mayor, Asher Buckley; Clerk, L. C. Steeurod; Council, Wm. Comstock, Geo. F. Gardner, Branson Poston, C. A. Cable, W. B. Devore and T. R. Blake. 1880. — Mayor, Asher Buckley; Clerk, Wm. Fisner; Council, Frank Cooley, Calvin Haines, T. P. .Marshall, John T.Gray, Branson Poston and G. F. Gardner. 1881. — Mayor, Asher Buckley; Clerk, Win. Fisner; Council, Branson Poston, I. P. Primrose, T. R. Blake, T. P. Marshall, John F. Gray and Frank Cooley. 426 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1882.— Mayor, James A. Tobin; Clerk, J. W. Bates; Council. E. H. Davis, W. P. Sliepard, Jacob Stoneburner, I. P. Primrose, T. R. Blake and Branson Poston. 1883. — Mayor, James A. Tobin; Clerk, Eben Wilson; Council, T. R. Blake, E. H. Davis, Jacob Stoneburner, I. P. Primrose, John Hill and W. P. Sheparcl. THE POSTOFFICE. The office was established Aug. 7, 1821, by Mr. George Court- aulcl, who was appointed Postmaster, and who kept the office in his store, in what is now Longstreth's Addition. The office was called Englishtown while kept at this place until Jan. 1, 1S24, when it was removed to Nelsonville and the name changed. Mr. Daniel Nelson was at this time appointed Postmaster, holding the position until 1832, although the business of the office was done by Mr. James Knight, who acted as Mr. Nelson's clerk, and in 1832 became his successor. Since then the Postmasters have been as follows: James Knight, 1832 to 1836; John Lillabridge, 1836 to 1839; Henry Parkson, 1839 to 1840; L. D. Poston, 1840 to 1848; John H. Tucker, 1848 to 1850; Charles Cable, 1850 to 1852; Alfred Condon, 1852 to 1855; C. A. Cable, 1855 to 1857; M. A. Stuart, 1857 (two quarters); Joseph Brett, 1857 to 1862; T. L. Mintun, 1862 to 1866; John F. Welch, 1866 to 1871; Elliott Gard- ner, Dec. 9, 1871, to 1878; J. W. Frost, 1S78 to present time. It was made a money-order office Aug. 1, 1870, the first order being issued on that day to John Mankoph, payable to the Times Chron- icle Co., Cincinnati, O., for the amount of $2.00. Up to the present date, March 29, 1883, 1,635 orders have been issued. It was changed from a fourth to a third class office Jan. 1, 1882. The sale of stamps for the year 1882 amounted to $2,826.96. CHURCHES. The Methodist Episcopal. — This societ} 7, was first organized about 1836. Prior to this time the only church society which ex- isted here was the United Brethren, who held meetings in the school-house or in a dwelling, as opportunity was afforded. This society was of short duration, being to a great extent absorbed by the Methodist society when it was formed. For a time this society used for its meetings dwellings and new buildings until they erected a building in 1838. It was a frame building 40 x 60 feet in dimensions, situated where the present church building now HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 427 stands. The first regular preacher was Ezekiel Gavet. Until 1868 the appointment belonged to a circuit, when it became a station belonging to the Ohio Conference. The successive pastors after it became a station have been Revs. Richard Doughty, I. Sminger, Samuel Bright, Jr., George W. Burns, Z. Fagan, II. B. Wester - velt and J. H. Gardner, the present Pastor. The old church was replaced by a new one in 1877, which is a very fine structure, costing about $20,000. Besides an auditorium it has a large Sab- bath-school room. The Presbyterian Church at Nelsonville was founded by Rev. Thomas J. Downie, Nov. 1, 1868, he being engaged to locate as Pastor the same year. The church at this time, and for a number of years after, held its meetings in the hall of the Odd Fellows so- ciety. On the first organization of the society the following offi- cers were elected: Elders, Jacob C. Frost, John G. Myers, Samuel N. Po:-ton, Charles A. Cable. Deacons, W. II. Burrill, John T. Gray, J. H. E. Howe, J. F. Brodt. Trustees, John W. Scott, William Coin- stock, John C. Barrow, William J. Power, J. F. Brodt. Mr. Downie remained Pastor up to the time of his death, March 31, 1869. For a time, the church being without a pastor, Thomas L. Mintun occasionally filled the pulpit until Rev. W. L. S. Clark, of Western Missouri, visited the society in November of the same year, and he was engaged to officiate as Pastor unti March, 1870. The church was again without a pastor until Aug. 1 of the same year, when James Stickle, of Cincinnati, O., was chosen Pastor, remain- ing one year, when he resigned on account of poor health, and the Rev. Julius Straus succeeded him, who remained until Oct. 7, 1874, when he, too* resigned. Jan. 1, 1875, Rev. Silas Cooke, of Can- onsburg, Pa., became Pastor, he and also Mr. Straus having been regularly installed pastors. Mr. Cooke resigned in December, 1877, and was succeeded by the Rev. A. B. Rice, of Beverly, O., March 13, 1878, and tilled the pulpit until April 13, 1881. Rev. A. A. Jameson, of Fairmount, W. Ya., was then engaged as a supply for one year, resigning July 23, 1882, being followed by the Rev. James II. Hawk, of Franklin, O., who is the present Pastor. In the fall of 1873 the First Presbyterian Church of Nelsonville, was begun, and made ready for occupation in 1876. It was dedi- cated April 2, 1876, the dedicatory sermon being preached by Rev. A. B. Boyd, of Lancaster, O. It is a fine brick building worth 428 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. about $12,000. It is 40 x 60 feet in dimensions, has a Sabbath- school room, and is tarnished with steam heating apparatus. The Church of Christ. — This church was established in Nelson- ville in 1S57 by Rev. L. M. Harvey. The organization took place in the residence of W. P. Roberts, and for some time after the meetings were held in private houses and school-houses. In 1859 a small house was built by the societj' on the hill-side now called Madison street. This building was sold for a private resi- dence in 1873, and a new church, the present one, was built on Fort street. The church property also includes a parsonage on the same lot with the church. The church building is not large but it is elegantly finished on the inside, and well located. It cost about $6,000. The Pastors during the church's history have been, Revs. L. M. Harvey, Nathan Moody, John Moody. A. P. Frost, W. B. Thompson, A. B. Wade, A. W. Dean, M. A. Harvey and A. P. Frost, whose second pastorate began Nov. 19, 1882. Prom- inent among the evangelists who have labored with this church are: B. F. Franklin, T. D. Garvin, T. J. Clark, Elisha White, S. H. Bingman, Daniel Sweeney, R. G. White and Ira J. Chase, the latter having conducted three successful meetings during the last twelve years. The church is out of debt and in a very pros- perous condition, claiming among its membership some of the most cultivated and influential residents of the city. PUBLIC SCHOOLS. One of the early and most prominent features of the village was its strong desire for educational advantages. To this end Daniel Nelson donated the school lot upon which the present plain but sub- stantial three-story brick school-house now stands. The school inter- est has grown with its growth, and there is probably no better graded school in Southeastern Ohio than that of Nelsonville, un- der, at this time, the superintendency of Prof. F. S. Coultrap. The growth of Nelsonville compelled the erection of the brick building above mentioned in 1856, but there was very little record kept until since the late civil war. A portion of that also is miss- ing. In the year 1865 the School Board was composed of B. F. Harper, A. Poston and C. Steenrod, the latter acting as clerk. In 1866 it was C. Steenrod, A. Poston and C. A. Cable, the latter also assuming the duty of clerk. This continued to be the number of the members of the board for a few years, when it changed to six members, with an addition of a treasurer and secretary. The HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 429 brick school-house of three stories has been for several years too small for the growth of the town, and there are now three other buildings used. In the meantime while the population of school age was rapidly increasing and increased expenses occurring for more room and a greater number of efficient teachers, the start- ling fact became apparent that the source of taxation and supply for school purposes was rapidly diminishing. So long as the prop- erty was in the hands of small operators, each being assessed, the valuation of real and personal estate was rather advancing than re- ceding, but consolidation and large holdings were returned for tax- ation at so much less than their true or honest value that the real estate and personal property of Nelsonville decreased on the assess- or's books no less than $246,378 within six years, to wit: Assessed valuation of real and personal property for the year 1875, $821,390; 1880, $575,012; total loss, $246,378; and in 1881 that assessment was still further reduced, net, $85,028. As above remarked, expenses and children of school age increased, and thus it was cutting both ways. Eight teachers only were employed in 1875, and fifteen were found necessary in 1881. In 1875 there were 708 pu- pils in attendance, and in 1880, 1,001, while the annual levy, in amount was exactly the same in 1880 as in 1S75, notwithstanding the large increase. SOMETHING HAD TO BE DONE. A meeting was called in May, 1881, to take into consideration the proposal to vote a three-mill tax, or 30 cents on the $100 val- uation for school purposes, in excess of the State fund, and in that call the Board of Education submitted to the people a carefully prepared circular compiled by Prof. Coultrap of the facts above given, and from which this paragraph' has been taken, in substance. The same circular gave a comparison of teachers' salaries in Nel- sonville and Logan not very flattering to the citizens of the former town. The statement made seemed to have a beneficial effect, for it aroused the people to the fact that a long-cherished institution was not receiving that care and nourishment to sustain it with vigor- ous life, and which in early years had been the pride of the city. There are now seventeen teachers employed in the public schools of Nelsonville, name and position as follows: F. S. Coul- trap, Superintendent; Alice 0. Pierce, Principal; Lucy A. Bell, Assistant; Meda Riddill, Helen T. Musser, Sarah Washburn, Mat- 430 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tie Warren, Ida B. Maxwell, Kate Gabriel, Callie Carnes, Retta Eckles, Elta Riddill, Emily Saumenig, Mary Weihr, Mrs. S. S. Keyser, Lizzie M. Howe and Lillie M. Butterworth, teachers. There are 1,084 children of school age, and an average enroll- ment of 780. The State school fund the past school year amounted in all to $1,666.00, and there is a school fund tax levy of ten mills. BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS, 1883. T. P. Marshall, President; Dr. 1. P. Primrose, Josiah Wilson, W. G. Hickman, W. W. Poston, Geo. W. Devore; J. C. Parker, Treasurer; F. S. Coultrap, Secretary. LODGES AND SOCIETIES. Philodorean Lodge, JVb. 157, A. JP. & A. M. — This lodge was instituted May 20, 18-18, and its charter is of date Sept. 28, 1848. The following were its charter members: Lincoln D. Chamberlain, W. P. Johnson, Jas. E. Price, Noah Wilder, Thos. Miller, R. G. McLean, Obediah J. Eckley and Jas. Pugsley. The officers who received their appointment by this charter were, Wm. P. Johnson, 1st Master; Jas. E. Price, 1st Senior Warden; Obediah J. Eckley, 1st Junior Warden. At the time the charter was given them M. Z. Kreeder was M. W. G. M. of the State, and his signa- ture was affixed to the charter. It has been for many years supposed that Lincoln D. Chamber- lain was the first Past Master, but this is a mistake, W. P. John- son held that position. Mr. Chamberlain's name is the first written of the charter members. These facts are taken from the origi- nal charter, and of course are correct. The Past Masters would then be the same as published, leaving out the first name. They were given us as follows: W. P. Johnson, 1849; J. E. Price, 1850; Thomas Shannon, 1851; J. E. Price, 1853; B. A. Lincoln, 1854; Thomas Shannon, 1856; William Gilliam, 1857; Thomas Shannon, 1859; Jos. II. Butterworth, 1864; S. S. McDivitt, 1865; Thomas Older, 1866; W. P. Roberts, 1867; S. S. McDivitt, 1868; J. F. Camp, 1869; H. S. Preston, 1872; J. F. Camp, 1874; H. S.Pres- ton, 1875; John T. Gray, 1876. Officers, 1*83: John T. Gray, W. M. ; Chas. H. Decker, S. W.; Wm. Hay burn, J. W. ; J. F. Brodt, Treasurer; E. S. Jennings, Secretary; Calvin Haynes, S. I).; P. P. Andrews, J. D.; B. F. HISTORY OF HOCKING VAXLEY. 431 Martin, Tyler; Alexander Beattie and Thomas Johnson. Stewards. Unity Lodge, No. 568, /. 0. O. F., located at Nelson ville, Ohio, was instituted June the 5th, 1874. The charter members and first officers installed were as follows: Joseph Barnecut, N. G. ; W. G. Hickman, Y. G. ; T. B. Prichard, R S. ; M. W. Davis, P. S. ; James M. Riddle, Treasurer; S. F. Robinet, Samuel C. Breakev, J. S. Speelman, J. J. Hoodlet, Henry A. Harris, John S. Wilson, Calvin Millinger, G. W. Mitchell, Joseph Smith, Win. Barnes, Thomas C. Wilson, Joseph P. Dean, J. M. Parker, Frederic Wend and Paul Cummins. The Past Grands are: J. J. Hoodlet, 1876; Win. Barnes, 1876; S. C. Breakey, 1877; Joseph P. Dean, 1878; S. F. Robinet, 1878; W. C. Sidman, 1879; James Six, 1879; James M. Riddle, 1880; John S. Wright, 1S80; Calvin Millinger, 1881; George V. Shaffer, 1881; Nathan Coy, 1882; Charles Ellwanger, 1882. The present membership is about 104. The present offi- cers are: Wm. E. Evans, N. G.; W. F. Brandon, V. G. ; Win. J. Daniels, R. P. ; W. H. Barnes, P. S., and S. F. Robinet, Treasurer. The Phil Kearney Post, No. 38, was chartered July 16, 1880, with the following charter members: Chas. E. Cutler, Wm. M. Phillips, James Hart'y, C. K. Lansley, Jacob Hammond, Thomas R. Blake, Wm. Rankin, Wm. Justice, I. P. Primrose, Albert Woody, Wm. A. Worley, Hi ram Rosser, John F. Welch. The following roster of officers was duly elected, and installed by Chief Mustering Officer P. W. Stanhope: Chas. E. Cutler, Post Commander; Hiram Rosser, S. V. 0.- T. R Blake, J. V. C. ; Wm. A. Worley, Post Adj.; C. K. Lansley, Q. M.; Albert Woody, Chaplain; I. P. Primrose, Surgeon; Wm. Rankin, O. of the day; Wm. Justice, O. of the Guard; James Hartley, 1st G., and Wm. Phillips, 2d G. The following year was a prosperous one for the post. Roster for 1883: John O. Burrell, P. C; Alonzo Newton, J. Y. ; Lemuel Cline, Surgeon; I. P. Primrose, Chaplain; Jas. A. Wilson, P. A.; Albert Woody, Q. M. ; O. of the D., Frank Morgan; John Figgins, O. of the Guard. At this date. March 24, 1883, the post seems to be imbued with new life, and is on the road to prosperity, with all dues paid and some money in hands of Quartermaster. Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, /. O. 0. F. — This lodge has had its records lost or mislaid and but little could be had of its previous history. Thursday, July 8, 1858, Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, 1. O. O. F., was permanently organized here. The charter members were : 432 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Messrs. C. A. Cable, E. W. Poston, E. C. Washburn, J. W. Fulton and John Burberry. That this lodge has been prosperous we have abundant evidence. Precisely eleven years afterward (in July, 1869), Nelsonville Encampment, No. 121, was instituted. The charter members were: S. N. Poston, Wm. Comstock, Smith Spen- cer, I. P. Primrose, E. W. Newton and others. At this time, May, 1883, Joseph Barnicut is N. G., and T. P. Marshall, Secretary. A further history was promised us, but has failed to come to hand. BUSINESS INTERESTS. Nelsonville grew slowly until an impetus was given by the open- ing of railroad transportation. While the canal had been a great help, it was not as capable of moving the mineral wealth when mined as capital was ready to dig out this w T ealth, and on the 1st of Feb- ruary, 1866, the year following the close of the war, it had but the following houses: 137 dwelling houses, 2 churches, 1 school-house, 4 schools, 5 dry-goods stores, 10 groceries, 1 drug store, 1 saddler shop, 2 shoe shops, 1 cabinet shop, 3 carpenter shops, 2 barber shops, 3 blacksmith shops, 1 wagon-shop, 1 millinery store, 2 dress- makers, 2 mills, 1 hotel, 2 boarding houses, 2 bark yards, 3 doc- tors, 1 dry-dock, 2 lodges (I. O. O. F. and A. F. & A. M.j, 1 tan- nery, 1 silversmith, a canal and several of the finest coal banks in the country. This amount of business with a population of between 800 and 900 was Nelsonville in the spring of 1866. In 1870 Nelsonville had a population of 1,080, and in 1880 of 3,095, or a gain of nearly 200 per cent. The completion of the railroads gave an impetus that is yet pressing her forward, and in 1890 she may show another gain of 200 per cent, or a population of 10,000. Her business interest now is composed of 13 general stores, 8 exclusive grocery stores, 4 drug stores, 2 boot and shoe stores, 1 clothing store, 2 jewelry stores, 1 furniture and stove store, 2 sew- ing-machine agencies, 3 hardware stores, 1 furniture store, 4 res- taurants, 2 confectionery stores, 2 bakeries, 17 saloons, 2 livery stables, 1 flour and feed store, 4 meat markets, 3 barber shops, 3 millinery stores, 1 cigar manufactory, 1 tanvard, 2 tailors, 2 painters, 7 carpenters, 2 planing mills, 1 lumber yard, 2 dealers in plaster and cement, 1 foundry and machine shop, 2 flouring mills, 1 saw-mill, L bank, churches, schools and lodges, newspaper and job offices, etc. The Times was started in September, 1872, and the Mirror, now Gazette, in September, 1873, by Geo. Cook. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 433 PROFESSIONS. Lawyers — James A. Tobin, Asher Buckley, W. C. Hickman, A. J. Schrader. Fire Insurance Agents — Asher Buckley, W. C. Hickman, Wilson Kessinger. Physicians — Aaron Shepard, I. P. Primrose, W. N. Alderman, W. E. W. & S. M. Shepard, K. Tinker, C. F. Gilliam & S. E. Butt, J. W. Johnson, A. J. Shrader. It is possible that some few items of business interest have been overlooked, but the showing for 1883 is sufficiently wonderful to satisfy the most extravagant wishes or views of the people. Add to the above the mining interest and the railroad and there is some- thing to excite extravagant hopes, also, for the future. It only needs capital and brawn to double the present output of the mines, and transportation will be found for it all. Iron furnaces are what is wanted, and rolling mills, in fact ma- chinery of all kinds. Coal and iron at hand, and where, with such means of shipment, can the workers of iron find a cheaper place for manufactures or a better market than what can be easily reached by rail and water? MERCHANTS AND MINERS' BANK. This is the only bank in Nelson ville; was organized in 1873, opening business Sept. 9, on an individual liability. At the first election of officers, Charles Robbins was elected President, John W. Scott, Vice-President, and Charles A. Cable, Cashier. The original stockholders were Charles Robbins, John G. Myers, John W. Scott, Charles A. Cable, W. B. Brooks, of Columbus, and E. H. Moore, of Athens. The entire stock is now owned by Charles Robbins, Charles A. Cable, E. H. Moore and Eugene J. Cable. Mr. Robbins is the President, and Mr. C. A. Cable, Cashier. NEWSPAPERS OF NELSONVILLE. Times. — The first paper started in Nelsonville was called the Nelsonville Times. It was a six-column weekly paper, but only lived a short time. In the following year (1873) the Nelsonville Miner was published by George Cook. He made a lively and progressive paper of it, and always took the laborer's part. The coal operators got down on him for his independent spirit, and he closed out in December, 1875, to J. A. Straight, after publishing as good a paper as was ever seen in Nelsonville. 28 434 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Mr. Straight kept up the wide-awake spirit of the paper. This was followed by the Mirror, and it was succeeded by the News. The NelsonvilJe News.— The Nelsonville News may be said to be the successor of the Nelsonville Mirror, although the latter was of short life. The News was established by John A. Tullis in 1879. On his coining to Nelsonville in 1878 he purchased the press and office supplies from the proprietor of the Mirror, but used the press only for job work. The first number of the News was issued Jan. 16, 1879. It was a seven-column paper, 24x36 inches, and so continued up to the 26th of the following Juue, when it was changed to an eight-column paper. Mr. Tullis has been its sole editor and proprietor from the start. The career of this paper has been as prosperous as could be expected under the circumstances. It has been steadily growing in strength, and is now on a firm basis, being not only self-supporting but producing a reasonable profit to its proprietor. It is neutral in politics, the editors motto being: "An independent journal, devoted to the interest of its patrons."" It is issued every Thursday, the sub- scription price being $1.50. John A. Tullis, editor of the Nelsonville News, was born Nov. 11, 1836, near Donnelsville, Clarke Co., O. His father was a farmer in moderate circumstances, keeping his son on the farm with him. In 1844 the family removed to Champaign County, O., still remaining on a farm. His father being unable to send him to college, young Tullis obtained what education he could at the public schools. He afterward attended a seminary in Clarke County, but was not able to continue until completing the course. When he became a man, his health being delicate, he decided to go into a life of business. He consequently engaged in and fol- lowed for a number of vears, as long as his health permitted, wholesale produce shipping to New York and Philadelphia mar- kets. The last tour years he was in this business he was located at St. Paris, O., where he was also engaged in the printing busi- ness. "When he retired from business there, he came to Nelson- ville and established his paper, on which he has worked faithfully ever since. Great credit is due to his perseverance and good management, as he is the first man who succeeded in permanently establishing a newspaper in Nelsonville, although numerous at- tempts had been made. He has well maintained the reputation of his profession, by endeavoring to infuse new and animated life in his fellow citizens. He has advocated public and private im- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 435 provements, and it is not at all improbable that some of this seed has fallen in good soil, since at no time in the town's history has the progress of improvement been so great as at the present time. He was married to Miss Susan E. Deaton. of Addison, Cham- paign County, March 31, 1859. Of this union there are three chil- dren, all daughters and all living — Addie A. was born Feb. 5, 1800; Anna V., April 23, 1875, and Mabel, April 5, 1878. Athens County Republican. — The Athens County Republican, published at Nelsonville. O., was founded by James A. Miller and Charles Logan, at Athens, 0.,in May, 1881. The first issue ap- peared June 1, 1881, the name of the paper at that time, and for several months after, being the Athens Republican. Miller & Logan were the proprietors and editors up to Jan. 11, 1882, when the paper appeared with the name of James A. Miller as sole edi- tor, Mr. Logan continuing to be part owner. As the name indi- cates, the paper is Republican in politics, its public statement being, "To be devoted to the promotion and interests of the Re- publican party." In February, 1882, Mr. Miller became the sole proprietor. By the next issue the paper had again changed hands, the names of G. W. Baker, J. M. Wood and J. P. Wood appear- ing as proprietors, and that of G. W. Baker as editor and manager. The last number issued at Athens is dated Aug. 30, 1882, it having been sold to Charles P. Reid, its present owner, and taken at once to Nelsonville. Originally the Republican was a six-column four-page paper. It was subsequently enlarged, Aug. 3, 1881, to seven columns, and May 10, 1882, to eight columns, its present size. It was purchased by Charles P. Reid, who took possession Sept. 1, 1882, removing it to Nelsonville, where he issued the first number the following Thursday. Mr. Reid's name has appeared from that time to the present as sole editor and proprietor. It is issued regularly every Thursday, the subscription price being $1.50. Charles P. Reid, editor of the Athens County Republican, was born Aug. 18, 1858, at Piqua, Miami Co., O. He received a good school education, finishing at Wapakoneta, ()., in April, 1875, at which time he apprenticed himself to O. J. Powell, pub- lisher of the Wapakoneta Republican. He removed with Mr. Powell to Chicago Junction, Huron Co., O., in the winter of 1875-'6, but returned to Wapakoneta in about one month, and im- mediately accepted a situation as foreman with Davis & Mc- 436 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Murray, publishers of the Auglaize County Democrat. In No- vember, 1879, he became associated with Trego & Binkley, pub- lishers of the Sidney (O.) Journal, and later went to Piqua and took the foremanship and local chair on the Piqna Journal. In July, 1880, he accepted a situation with Colonel R. W. Jones, publisher of the Athens Journal. He remained but seven weeks, when he returned to his old situation as foreman of the Auglaize County Democrat, and in December, 1880, when Mr. Davis, the publisher, was taken with hemorrhage of the lungs, he assumed editorial control of the Democrat, being then only twenty-three years old. He continued in that capacity until after Mr. Davis's death, June 19, 1881, when the office was sold by Mrs. C. P. Da. vis, and he returned to the position of foreman, and so continued until he purchased the Athens County Republican, Aug. 26, 1882, from Baker & "Woods. He was married to Miss Carrie E. Davis, daughter of C. P. Davis, Jan. 10, 1882. Immediately after taking charge of the Republican, Sept. 1, 1882, he removed to Nelson- ville, issuing the paper the following week, as usual, without missing a number. MANUFACTORIES. The manufacturing interests of Nelsonville are as follows: Nelsonville Foundry and Machine Co's works, established April, 1880. They are owned by a joint stock company, the Pres- ident being John P. Buchtel, of Akron, O. Among the products are steam-pipes and steam-fittings, and mining cars are a spe- cialty. Two Flouring Mills, a water mill, owned by Charles Bobbins, and a steam mill, owned by C. Steenrod & Co. Two Planing Mills, owned by M. Craig & Sons, and the Nel- sonville Planing Mill Company, Asher Poston, President. This closes the history of the largest city in the valley of the Hocking, and its future destiny is very bright and promising. En- ergy, enterprise and morality will give her a prestige that no city in the valley can rival. May this be her lot. i ^J(Z^xtumia^oCC.£) . CHAPTER XVII. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF YORK TOWNSHIP, INCLUDING THE CITY OF NELSONVILLE. William Nelson Alderman, M. D., was born in Oxford, Morgan Co., Ohio, Nov. 27, 1853, a son of Nelson J. and Susannah ( Wei- mer) Alderman. He received a common-school education, remain- ing at home till eighteen years of age. On leaving home in 1871, he became associated with his brother, S. J. Alderman, in the mercantile business, in Bishopville, Ohio, under the hrui name of S. J. Alderman & Bro. In 1874 he retired from the firm and began the study of medicine with Dr. George E. Carpenter, of Athens; was under his preceptorship one year and then went to Oxford and studied with Dr. H. D. Dantford, remaining with him until his graduation from the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincin- nati, Feb. 28, 1877. He practiced with his preceptor till the fol- lowing September, when he went to New York and took a course of lectures in the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, graduating in February, 1878. In July, 1878, he located in Nelsonville, and in the spring of 1879, became associated with Dr. I. P. Primrose. Feb. 25, 1S80, he married Sarah A., daughter of Dr. Primrose. They have one daughter — Addie P. Dr. Alderman is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M., Nelsonville. Mason Andrews was born in Ames Township, Athens County, May 27, 1814, a son of David and Christiana ( Mowery ) Andrews. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common school, liv- ing with his mother until he grew to manhood. He was married Dec. 29, 1863, to Miss Eve Howard, only daughter of Loyd and Elizabeth (Weimer) Howard. They are the parents of five chil- dren— Loyd R., Emma V.. William M., Ira E. and Hulda E. In 1874 Mr. Andrews purchased his present farm containing 114 acres of good land, under a high state of cultivation. He and his wife are members of the M. E. church. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339. Frank C. Armstrong, M. D., physician and surgeon, was horn in the city of Columbus, Ohio, Feb. 2, 1859, a son of Thomas and Jane (437) 438 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. (Chadwick) Armstrong. His youth was spent in attending school. He began the study of medicine with Dr. S. W. Fowler, of Dela- ware, Ohio, and graduated at the Ohio Wesleyan Seminary in the summer of 1S80, and at the Columbus Medical College in the win- ter of 1881 and 1882. He first commenced to practice with his preceptor in Delaware, and, in the fall of 1882, located in Buchtel, where he has met with good success. He is a member of the K. of P., York Lodge, No. 75. William Bowies was born in Wirt County, W. Va., June 15, 1842, a son of Nathan and Mary (Cornell) Barnes. When he was an infant his parents came to Ohio, and settled at Chauncey, Ath- ens County, where he was reared and educated. In April, 1861, he enlisted in Company H, Twenty-second Ohio Infantry, for three months, but served four months, and the following August re-enlist- ed in Company A, same regiment, for three years. In January, 1862, his regiment was consolidated with the Sixty-third Ohio Infantry, his company retaining the same letter. In January, 1864, lie re-enlisted in the same company and regiment as a veteran to serve till the close of the war. July 22, 1S64, he was taken prisoner at Decatur, Ga., and confined at Andersonville eight months. He was then taken to a parol camp, at Vicksburg, and kept a month, and then, April 22, 1865, was released on parol and taken with 2,200 released pris- oners on board the transport steamboat Sultana, en route for Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, then a camp of distribution. When a few miles above the city of Memphis, on the morning of April 27, the boiler exploded, completely destroying the vessel and killing 1,600 men. Mr. Barnes was rescued at Memphis by clinging to a bale of hay. He and 400 or 500 of his comrades lay three days at Memphis awaiting transportation and recovering from the effects of the disaster. May 1, 1865, he was taken on board the mail boat Belle Memphis and arrived at Cairo the following morning, and May 4 arrived at Camp Chase, where he was discharged May 18, the war closing. He returned to Athens, remaining there till 1871, when he came to Nelsonville, and a greater part of the time since then has been in the employ of W. B. Brooks. April 5, l s 77, he married Mary A. Shannon, of Nelsonville. They have one child — Mary F. Mr. Barnes is an Odd Fellow, a member of Unity Lodge, No. 56s, mid of Nelsonville Encampment, No. 121. George Henry Barrows, proprietor of Barrows's saloon and bill- iard hall, of Nelsonville, was born in Albany, Maine, July 14, 1833, in which place he lived with his parents, Harvey and Han- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 439 nah (Beckley) Barrows, until he was eighteen years of age. His school opportunities were very limited. On leaving home he went to Yarmouth, Maine, where he was employed in a saw-mill nearly a year, when he went to Abington, Mass., and drove an express wagon for L. A. Ford for the same length of time. In 1853 he began to learn the shoemaker's trade at Abington, at which he worked till Nov. 14, 1851, when he went to New Bedford, Mass., and embarked on the whaling vessel, Benjamin Cummings, on which he cruised on the Pacific and Atlantic oceans until June, 1859, a period of nearly five years. During 1860 he worked as a section hand on the Grand Trunk Railroad until July when he worked on the farm and in the saw-mill of Peter C. Fickett at West Paris. In 1801 he was employed in the same town in a chair factory until the fall of 1862, when he enlisted in the war of the Rebellion, in Company F, Twenty-third Regiment of the Ohio Infantry, and at the end of nine months was discharged with his regiment. While out, he was on duty in guarding Washington City, D. C. After his discharge he again worked on the Grand Trunk Railroad as section foreman until the spring of 1801, when he went to Bath, Maine, and was employed in a saw-mill there until December, 1865. In March, 1860, he came to Ohio and was engaged as foreman of the switch yard at Piqua for the C, C. & I. C. R. R. Company until March, 1867, after which he was employed in the same yard as fireman on a switch engine until the summer of 1869. He then went to Fairfield County and was employed by Dodge, Case & Co., contractors on the C. & H. V. Railroad as fore- man of the track layers until November. He was then engaged as engine dispatcher by the C. & H. Y. R. R. Company at Nelsonville, after which he was employed at Athens in the same capacity until June, 1871, when he was placed in charge of a switch engine at Nelsonville until September, 1872, after which he engaged in his present business. Dec. 25, 1870, he was married to Miss Martha Smith, of Nelsonville. They have seven children, viz. : Harvey A., Peter, George A., John, Charles, Alonzo and James M. Alexander Beattie, Marshal of Nelsonville, was born in Ayr, Scotland, Aug. 15,1851. When two years of age he came with his parents, Alex, and Sarah (Robinson) Beattie, to the United States, settling in Johnstown, Pa. He lived with them there, and in McKeysport, Pa., and Pomeroy, Ohio, and Sharon, Pa., until manhood, and was educated in the schools of those places. In 1872 he came to Nelsonville and was employed in the coal mines of W. 440 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. B. Brooks & Son until 1879, when he was appointed one of the policemen of Nelsonville and served as such until April, 1882, when he was elected Marshal. Sept. 23, 1874, he was married to Miss Christiana A. Laird, of Sharon, Pa. They have two chil- dren — Estella May and Eva L. Mr. Beattie is a Master Mason and member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, of Nelsonville, of which he has filled the station of Junior Warden. John W. Bennett, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Balti- more, Md., Aug. 17, 1849, a son of James and Priscilla C. (Luken) Bennett. In 1859 his parents came to Ohio and located in York Township, Athens County, near Nelsonville, where he resided till manhood. ' He was married April 20, 1871, to Mary L. Thornton, daughter of Madison and Sarah C. (Hicks) Thornton.- They have had six children, only four now living — Loring R., Frank N., Charles W. and John M. Mr. Bennett's father was born in Balti- more County, Md., March 24, 1801. When eighteen years of age he was employed in the Patterson Rolling Mills near Baltimore, and remained there thirty-seven years. Sept. 23, 1844, he married Priscilla C. Luken, a native of Hartford County, Md., but reared in Baltimore County. They were the parents of seven children, six now living. They came to Athens County in 1859, and located near Nelsonville, where Mr Bennett died Nov. 18, 1865. Mr. and Mrs. Bennett were members of the Christian church, he having been Deacon over thirty-five years. Thomas Berry, Superintendent C. & H. Coal and Iron Com- pany, is a native of Allegheny County, Pa., born April 3, 1837, and reared near the city of Pittsburg. His youth was spent in mining coal which he has since followed, coming to Nelsonville Sept, 23, 1858. He was married Nov. 27, 1859, to Miss Hannah Charlton, a native of England, but reared in Ohio. During the late civil war he enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Six- teenth Ohio Infantry, Aug. 21,1862. He participated in many hard- fought battles, among them, Winchester, Va., in June, 1863; Piedmont, in June, 1864; Cedar Creek, Lynchburg, and Petersburg. He was captured Feb. 16, 1863, but was soon after paroled. After the close of the war he returned to Ohio and settled in Nelsonville where he has since made his home. He secnred his present posi- tion as Superintendent, July 1, 1874. Mr. and Mrs. Berry are the parents of five children, only four living — Charles M., born Sept- 23,1860; Josephine Elizabeth, born Nov. 7. L862; Inez Estella, born July 15, 1867; Thaddeus lluxly. born July 24, L875, died HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 441 Nov. 18, 1879; Ethel May, born Dec. 27, 1882. Mr. Berry is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Philodorean Lodge, No. 157. Albert Slater Bethel, merchant and farmer, Nelsonville, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, near Cambridge, June 19, 1846. "When about nine years of age he came with his parents, Lemuel T. and Rebecca (Slater) Bethel, to Athens County, settling in Trimble Township, where he lived with them until his twenty-second year, and received a common-school education. Being reared a farmer he followed that avocation until 1874, when, selling his farm, he was employed in the store of John W. Scott, a coal operator at Lick Run, Athens County, and was in his employ until 1878, when he came to Nelsonville and engaged in the mercantile business with his brother, J. C. Bethel, "under the firm name of Bethel Brothers. In April, 1882, his brother retired from the linn. In connection with his mercantile business he also carried on farming to some extent. He has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Hannah Ann Anderson, of Athens County, whom he married Nov. 22, 1866, and who died in Trimble Township, Aug. 17, 1870, leaving him two children— George Lemuel and William J. June 6, 1876, he married Miss Sarah Luetta Anderson, of Ames Town, ship, Athens County. They have three children — Charles Sher- man, Lucy May and Webster Garfield. Mr. Bethel is a Master, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason, and member ot Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, Nelsonville, and the chapter and council at Logan, and Commandery No. 15, at Athens. Thomas N. Black was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, Oct. 12, 1829. In 1847 he came to the United States and located in Alle- gheny County, Pa., where he followed coal-mining until 1860, when he came to Ohio, and located in Zanesville, In June, 1877, he came to Buchtel, where he has since resided. He is Superin- tendent of the coal and iron mines of the Akron Iron Company. He was first married, April 18, 1854, to Margaret McKinnel, a native of Edinboro, Scotland; three children were born to them — William N., Elizabeth and Isabella. His wife died May 14, 1865. lie was again married, Oct. 21, 1806, to Louisa Romine, a native of Muskingum County, Ohio. They have six children — Louisa, Mary, Annie, Jennie, Margaret and Flora. Mr. Black is a member of the A. F. & A. M. and I. O. O. F. fraternities. He has been an Odd Fellow over thirty years, and is now a member of the Buchtel Lodge. No. 712. 442 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. James Rider Blake, a coil-miner in the Johnson Brothers & Patterson's coal mines, at Nelsonville, was born in Devonshire, England, April 3. 1823, where he lived until he was twenty years of age. He lived with his parents, Nathaniel and Joannah (JRider) Blake, until his ninth year when he was put out to a farmer, with whom he lived until April 25, 1843, when he enlisted in the Ply month Division of the Royal Marines, and, after being drilled in the in- fantry and ship gun drill, embarked on board Her Majesty's ship Vanguard, in February, 1845. In the following May, on account of receiving an injury, he was placed in the Hasslar Hospital, at Gosport, England, where he remained four months, when he was transferred to the Marine Barracks at Portsmouth, where he re- mained a short time, after which he embarked on board Her Maj- esty's ship Superb, on which he served two months, when he was sent to the Stone House Barracks, and from there on board Her Majesty's ship Nimrod, on which he served four years and cruised around the Peak of Teneriff to Island of Ascension, thence to Si- erra Leone, thence to Cape Mount, Cape Miserata, thence to the Cape of Good Hope. He cruised off the southeast coast of Africa, visiting all the ports, and thence through the channel of Mozambique to the Islands of Mozambique and Madagascar. He then cruised back to the Cape of Good Hope, the Island of St. Helena, thence to the East Indies and then back to England, making a cruise of nearly four years. He afterward embarked on Her Majestj-'s ship Bella Ropher. After serving as a marine eight years and six months he, in September, 1851, bought his discharge, and until the following January served as convict keeper at Dartmoor Prison. Feb. 18, 1852, he started to the United States, landing at New York City, March 29. He first went to Pittsburg, Pa., where he mined coal four months, and from there he went to Tuscarawas Valley, where he worked in the mines of G. TV. Mcllvain until 1853. He after- ward followed mining in Illinois, Missouri and West Virginia un- til August, 1857, when he came to Nelson ville and permanently settled. Feb. 8, 1855, he married Rebecca Prout, of Suffolk County, England. They have six children — Mary E., wife of Albert Michem; Sarah Jane, Nathaniel R., Susannah, Addie (deceased), Hester M. and Cora B. Oct. 20, 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany G, Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a piivate, to serve three years, and during his service participated in many bat- tles, the most important being Athens, La Vergne, Stone River, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Davis Cross Roads, Lookout Mountain HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 443 and Mission Bidge. From Oct. 17, 1863, to Feb. 14, 1864, he was detailed to take charge of the watch on the transport Paint Rock on the Tennessee River. He was discharged Nov. 10, 1864, being mustered out as First or Orderly Sergeant, having served as such for one year, and part of the last year being in command of his com- pany, his superior officers being detailed to different posts of duty. After his return home he was immediately afflicted with blindness, the result of overwork and exposure while in the service, and had to be lead for three years. He finally recovered the partial sight of one eye through the skill of Dr. E. Williams, of Cincinnati. He has been elected twice and held the office of Councilman ol'Nel- sonville, and is now an incumbent of that office. He is a member of Phil Kearney Post, No. 38, G. A. R., and lias served as Jun- ior Vice-Commander. Asher Buckley, attorney at law, Nelsonvilie, was born in Canaan Township, Athens County, July 6, 1828, where he lived with his parents, Aratus and Margaret (Long) Buckley, until his fourteenth year, when he went to Clarksburgh, Harrison Co., Va., and learned the trade of saddle and harness making with Edward Link, working with him six years. In 1848 he returned to Athens County and engaged in the saddle and harness business at Gnys- ville until 1853, when he removed his business to Coolville. While carrying on his business at Coolville he studied law under the preceptorship of the Hon. Charles Townsend, of Athens, and was admitted to the bar by the District Court at Athens, Sept. 1, 1876. In the spring of 1875 he came to Nelsonvilie and began the practice of law. While living in Coolville he was Mayor of that village four years. In the spring of 1878 he was elected Mayor of Nelsonvilie for a term of two years, and re-elected in the spring of 1880, holding the position for four years. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Sixteenth Regiment, Ohio Infantry, to serve three years, and was discharged at the close of war, at Camp Dennison, July 2, 1865. He partici- pated in the battles of the Shenandoah Valley, under Generals Sheridan, Hunter and Sigle, and at the siege and capture of Peters- burg. April 25, 1852, while at Clarksburgh, Va., he married Miss Margaret Southworth. They have three living children — Harry C, a farmer, of Jackson County, W. Va. ; Leverett K., of Youngstown, Ohio, and Gertrude, still at home. Mr. Iiuckley is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157; Ilockhocking Lodge, No. 339, and Nelsonville Encampment, No. 121. 444 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. John Burberry, shipping clerk for C. L. Poston & Company, coal operators of Nelsonville, was born in Sussex County, Eng- land, Dec. 1, 1816, where he lived witli his parents, John and Rebecca (Peskitt) Burberry, until his sixteenth year, receiving his education in the common school, when he immigrated with them to the United States, they arriving at Nelsonville, July 31, 1832. In 1833 he went to Lancaster, Ohio, where he learned the tailor's trade with George H. Smith, serving an apprenticeship of four years, after which he did journey work for a short time. About the year 1837 he began business for himself at Lancaster, continuing till the spring of 1841, when he removed to Bremen, Ohio, re- maining there till 1844, and while there he served as Constable and Assessor for two years, holding both offices at the same time. Leaving Bremen he returned to Lancaster, where he continued the tailoring business till 1849, after which he was engaged in the store of L. D. Poston, of Nelsonville, for the following eight years. In 1857 he became associated with Mr. Poston as a coal operator, and after several years he was employed as a general manager of Mr. Poston's coal business, staving with him till 1875. Since then he has been employed by Mr. Poston's successor, C. L. Poston & Company, in various branches of their extensive business. May 14, 1874, he was married to Miss Mary, daughter of William and Mary Ann (Hampshire) Thayer. She was a native of Sussex County, England, and came with her parents to this country at the same time and on the same ship as our subject. Mr. and Mrs. Burberry are members of the M. E. church, of Nelsonville, of which ho is Steward and Trustee. John Oscar Bwrrell, carpenter and stair-builder, of Nelsonville, was born in Newport, Maine, Oct. 12, 1837. When he was an infant his parents, Almond II. and Almira P. (Wilson) Burrell, came to Ohio and located in Alexander Township, Athens County. When he was twelve years of age the} r moved to Nelsonville. When eighteen years of age, in 1856, he went to Marietta and began to work in the Marietta Republican office under A. W. McCormick, to learn the printer's trade. He worked about one year, when, not liking the trade, he left the office and for a short time was employed on a steamboat on the Ohio River as a " Texas Tender. " In the fall of 1858 he returned to Nelsonville, and in the Bpring of 1859 began to work at the carpenter's trade. In June, 18(52, he enlisted in Company H, Eighty -fifth Ohio Infantry, to serve three months. At the expiration of that term he re-enlisted in Company A, One HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 445 Hundred and Twenty -eighth Ohio Infantry, for three years, serving as Quartermaster-Sergeant. His company participated in the capt- ure of Cumberland Gap and siege of Knoxville. After his discharge he returned to Nelsonville and resumed work at the carpenter's trade, which he still follows. April 19, 1865, he was married to Maria P. Wilson, of Wolfs Plain, Athens Co., Ohio, who died Jan. 25, 1883, leaving one child — Amos Guv. Mr. Burrell is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Nelson vi lie. He is a mem- ber of Phil Kearney Post, No. 38, G. A. E., of which he is Com- mander. Peter Matthew Butt, proprietor of the Home saloon, Nelson- ville, was born in New Philadelphia, Ohio, Feb. 24, 1837. When fourteen years of age he began to maintain himself, and came to Nelsonville and began to work in and about the coal mines. In the spring of 1861 he went to California and engaged in gold mining in Placer County, until the fall of 1863, when he returned to Nelsonville and again engaged in coal mining until the fall of 1866, when he became established in his present business. He has served one term in the City Council of Nelsonville. He has been twice married; his first wife was Miss Irene Butt, a cousin, of Nelsonville, whom he married in December, 1855, and who died at Nelsonville, in November, 1858, leavingone child — Samuel Edgar, a physician of Nelsonville. Oct. 2, 1864, he married Miss Maria Lytle, of Logan, Ohio. They have five living children — Frank, Kate, Fred, Eugene and George, all living at home. They have lost two children — Emma M., who died Aug. 8, 1880; Mertie Blanch, who died Dec. 20, 1880. Samuel Edgar Butt, M. D., Nelsonville, was born in that city April 12, 1857, and was educated in the common and High School. He is the son of Peter M. and Irene (Butt) Butt. His mother dying before he was two years old, he was taken by his grand- mother and lived with her until he was seven years old, when his father married again and took him to live with him. When about seventeen he was employed as a surveyor, filling that position two years, when he took up the study of medicine under Dr. W. E.W. Sheppard, of Nelsonville, studying with him three years and grad- uating from the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati, in March, 1880. He then became associated with Dr. C. F. Gilliam at Nel- sonville in the practice of medicine, they mutually dissolving in 1882. He was City Physician of Nelsonville during 1880-'81. Oct. 26, 1881, he married Miss Addie Koutner, daughter of S. C. 446 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Koutner, of Nelsonville. She was formerly a teacher for some time in the Nelsonville public schools. They have one child — Solomon Edgar. Charles Augustus Cable, Cashier of the Merchants and Miners' Bank of Nelsonville, and a member of the firm of C. A. Cable & Co., hardware, stoves, tinware and furniture dealers, was born in Nelsonville, April 6, 1831, where he was reared. He was educa- ted in the public schools of JSelsonville and a select school at Ath- ens. He is the son of Charles and Julia G. (Nye) Cable, with whom he lived until manhood. At the age of fifteen, while making his home with his parents, he engaged in the grocery and provision business at Nelsonville for about two years, when, in 1851, he became associated with his father in the general merchan- dising business. His father dying one year after, he carried on the business with his mother until 1856. He then carried on the busi- ness alone until 1858, when he discontinued it. From that time until 1861 he was employed as traveling salesman for the wholesale gro- cery house of Mead & Co., of New York City, and as clerk by Charles Ashton and Charles Robbins, at Nelsonville. Sept. 27, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry. On the organization of the company he was elected First Lieutenant. His regiment served in the Army of the Cumberland. From Jan- uary to May, 1863, he was Acting Adjutant of his regiment, and as Quartermaster from May to June, 1863, when he was promoted to Captain and took charge of his company until after the battle of Ohickamauga, when he became Acting Assistant Adjutant-General on the staff of Colonel T. R. Stanley, commanding an engi- neers' brigade at Chattanooga, Tenn. In the spring of 1864 Colo- nel Stanley was relieved from the command of the engineer bri- gade and assigned to the command of the post of Chattanooga, Tenn., our subject still holding the position of Acting Assistant Adjutant-General under hini until Oct. 20, 1861, when, at the expi- ration of his term of service, he returned home with his regiment and was mustered out. He participated in a number of battles, the most important being Athens, Ala.; La Yergne, Tenn. ; Stone River, Davis Cross Roads, Ga.; Chickamauga, Brown Ferry and Mission Ridge. In March, 1865, he engaged in the grocery and provision business at Nelsonville, following it one year when he estalished the hardware store, adding furniture to it in the spring of 1870. In that year his brother, Eugene J., became asso- ciated with him under the present firm name. In the fall of 1873 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 447 he was one of the stockholders that organized the Merchants and Miners' Bank of Nelsonville, and was appointed its Cashier. Dar- ing 1854-'55 he was Postmaster of Nelson ville, appointed under President Pierce. He was City Clerk of Nelsonville in 1855-'56, and has served as member of the City Council and Board of Edu- cation of Nelsonville and Trustee of York Township, several years each. In 1875-'76 he was one of the Trustees of the Athens Asy- lum for the Insane, at Athens. April 23, 1857, he married Miss Sarah A. Scott, daughter of Launcelot Scott, of JSTelsonville. They have four children — Charles W., a physician of Logan, Ohio; Don Carlos, Teller in Merchants and Miners' Bank; and Eugene W. and Edith G., attending school. Mr. and Mrs. Cable are mem- bers of the First Presbyterian Church of Nelsonville, of which he is a Ruling Elder and a Trustee. He is a member of the Hock- hocking Lodge, No. 339, I. O. O. F., and is now Past Grand. He is a member of Phil Kearney Post, No. 38, G. A. R., Nelsonville. Charles Cable (deceased), one of Nelsonville's old pioneers, was born at Jefferson, New York, Jan. 31, 1809. He came to Ohio about 1816 with his father, who settled at Athens. At the age of twelve he was apprenticed to learn the tanner's trade, and with the exception of one year he worked at his trade at Athens till 1833 when he went to Nelsonville, where he engaged in tanning till his death, which occurred April 2, 1852. During 1848 and 1849, in connection with his other business, he kept a hotel known as the Cable House, and at the time of his death was engaged in the gen- eral mercantile business and had dealt extensively in real estate. In 1838, when Nelsonville was first incorporated, he was elected its first Mayor. He has filled the positions of member of the Council and Township Trustee, besides various others during his life. Jan. 1, 1833, he was married to Julia G. Nye, of Dover Township, Athens County, by whom he had two sons — Charles A. and Eugene J. In the spring of 1851 his son, Charles A., then seventeen years of age, became associated with him in the general mercantile business and continued with him till his death. From 184!' to the end of 1851 he was Postmaster of Nelsonville. His wife survived him nearly twelve years, she dying Jan. 12, 1862. She had belonged to the Christian church since girlhood, always taking an active part in church affairs. Mr. Cable, although not a member, always took an active part in promoting the growth of the church work. He was a man of great endurance and strength until 1846, when his health became broken down by over work. 448 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Charles Walter Cable, M. Z>., Nelsonville, was born July 25, 1859. He is the oldest of four children of Charles A. and Sarah A. (Scott) Cable, with whom he lived until manhood and received a High School education in his native city. At the age of seventeen he began the study of medicine under Dr. Richard Gundry, Super- intendent of the Columbus Hospital for the Insane at Columbus, and was under his preceptorship eighteen months, when he went to Athens and studied under Dr. A. B. Frame eighteen months. He graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati, March 2, 1880. He then continued his studies until the following winter when he went to New York City and attended a course of lectures at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, from which he graduated March 10, 1881. He then began the practice of medi- cine at Nelsonville. Oct. 12, 1881, he married Bessie, daughter of Elmor and Mary (Cooley) Golden, of Athens. They are both members of the First Presbyterian Church of Nelsonville. John French Camp, real estate agent, Nelsonville, and Justice of the Peace of York Township, was born in Alexander Township, Athens Co., Ohio, March 11, 1.829. He is the youngest of two sons of Edward and Charlotte (Taylor) Camp. His father dying when he was two years of age, he lived with his mother until he was twelve, when he began to maintain himself by working as a farmer's boy. At the age of sixteen he apprenticed himself to J. C. Frost, of Athens, to learn the tailor's trade, and remained with him two years, receiving his board and $40 per year for his servi- ces as an apprentice. He then, feeling the importance of having an education, entered the Preparatory Department of the Ohio University at Athens and attended two years, defraying the expenses of his board and tuition by working during the hours he was not in school and during vacations. In 1851 he engaged in teaching in the public schools and taught in Athens and Hocking counties until 1861, and in the meantime was Superintendent of the schools of Nelsonville for several terms. Oct. 2, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, as a private. In the following November he was promoted to First, or Orderly Ser- geant, and served as such until April 1, 1864, when he was com- missioned Second Lieutenant of Company C, same regiment, and served in that capacity until he was mustered out at the expiration of his term of enlistment in 1861. He was in fourteen battles. The most important were Stone River, Ohickamauga and Davis Cross Roads. After his discharge he returned to Athens County HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 440 and taught until 1877. He located at Nelsonville in 1866 where he has since resided. He has been elected to and filled the office of Mayor of Nelsonville two terras, and has also served as Clerk of York Township two terms. In 1882 he was elected Justice of the Peace of York Township. In 1882 he became associated with Alexander W. Nelson in the real estate business, under the firm name of Camp & Nelson. April 25, 1851, he was married to Miss Mary Lutitia, daughter of Rev. John W. Brown, of Nelsonville. They have four children — Florence Iota, Julius French, William Preston and Angie Charlotta. They have lost one, Eva Sophia, who died July 22, 1864, at the age of nine years. Mr. Camp is a demitted Master Mason and also a demitted Odd Fellow, and has filled all the stations in both orders. Alfred Harrison Carnes, senior member of the firm of Carnes & Shepard, merchants of Nelsonville, was born near Leesburgh, Loudoun Co., Va., Aug. 10, 1824. When he was seven years old he came with his parents, James and Mary (Scatteday) Carnes, to Ohio, settling near McConnelsville, Morgan County, and from there came to Athens County when he was thirteen. His parents both died the year before he was fifteen and he was thrown on his own resources. The first year after their death he lived with Will- iam Jolliffe in what is now Ward Township, Hocking County, work- ing for him and attending school one year. He then went to Eggles- ton salt works on Sunday Creek, Athens County, and was engaged as fireman and engineer for two years, when, in 1842, he came to Nelsonville and located. He worked in the coal mines until the spring of 1856, when, by the request of a friend, Matthew Van Wormer, he entcrecl his store as a clerk, remaining with him until the fall of 1860, when W. B. Brooks became Mr. Van Wormer's successor. He worked for Mr. Brooks until the tall of 1871, when he purchased the business house and stock of Lewis Steenrod and engaged in the mercantile business, W. P. Shepard being asso- ciated with him under the firm name of Carnes & Shepard. He has been a Trustee of York Township one year; a inerabe 1 * of the Council three years, and of the School Board of Nclson- ville. He has been twice married; his first wife was Miss Sarah A. Crothers, of Nelsonville, whom he married in the spring of 1S50, and who died Oct. 21, 1858, leaving five children, three of whom are living — Sarah L., wife of W. P. Shepard; Nancy V., wife of Robert J. Hickman, and Mary Z., wife of Thomas Johnson; Charles A. died Sept. 5, 1873, at the age of eighteen, and Emily 29 45<» HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Effie, wife of Winfield Scott, died Dec. 6, 1882, at the age of thirty years. May 23, 1860, Mr. Carnes married Miss Emily M. Bridge, of Nelson ville. They have two children — Ina May and Clara Amanda. Mr. and Mrs. Carnes are members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Nelsonville. Frank Gideon Cooley, only living son of Gideon L. and Har- riet (Hull) Cooley, was born Feb. 23, 1852, at Nelsonville, Ohio, where he was reared and educated in the Union School of that place. When nineteen years old he began to clerk in his father's store, and on attaining his majority he became a partner of the present mercantile firm of G. L. Cooley & Son, of Nelsonville. He was married Dec. 15, 1872, to Miss S. J. Kiddle of Nelson- ville. They are the parents of the following children — Hattie Olive, Sylvia Winnie, Lew Pierce and James Garfield. Mr. Cooley is a Master Mason and member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, at Nelsonville. Gideon Leonard Cooley, of the firm of Cooley & Son, merchants, of Nelsonville, Ohio, was born at Springfield, Mass., March 1, 1816. He is the son of Jesse and Polly (Leonard) Cooley. His father dying before he was eight years old, he went to Allegany County, N. Y., near Angelica, where he lived with strangers until he was eighteen, when he returned to his birthplace in Massachusetts and remained a year. He then went to Troy, Bradford Co., Penn., where he lived over two years, employed on a farm. In the spring of 1839 he came to Ohio, and located at Nelsonville. He followed farming two years, and then worked in the coal mines thirty years. He then, in 1872, engaged in the mercantile business, and in the fol- lowing year his son Frank became associated with him, the firm name being Cooley & Son. He has served three terms in the City Council of Nelsonville, and in the spring of 1861 was elected one ot the Trustees of York Township, and^served three years. July 3, 1840, he married Miss Harriet Hull, of Nelsonville. They have had four children, only one of whom, Frank, is living. John died June 30, 1844, aged two and a half years. Hattie, wife ot W. W. Poston, died Nov. 18, 1870, aged twenty-five years; and Charles L. died April 21, 1880, aged thirty-three. Mr. and Mrs. Cooley are members of the Presbyterian church, of Nelsonville. Fletcher Stanton Coultrwp entered the Ohio University ot Athens in his eighteenth year (in 1869), and graduated in June, 1875. The following September he took charge of the Union schools of Whecl- ersburg, Ohio, and remained there two years. In September, 1877, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 451 he came to Nelsonville and accepted his present position as Super- intendent of the Nelsonville Public Schools. He has been very successful, and is universally respected and esteemed, and, as an evidence of their appreciation, at the closing exercises of the schools in 1880, Rev. A. B. Brice, in behalf of the board, presented him with an elaborate silver water pitcher and cup, on which was engraved: "Presented to Prof. F. S. Coultrap, by the Board of Education of the Nelsonville Union Schools, May 31, 1880." Charles Covert was born in Boone County, W. Va., Jan. 17, 1849, a son of John and Sarah Covert, his lather a native of But- ler County, Pa., and his mother of Boone County, W. Va. Our subject spent his youth in attending school, his father being a school teacher. In 1861, although a small boy, he took an active part in the Confederate service. His father and grandfather were both in that army, and were both taken prisoners, and held at Camp Chase. His grandfather died while a prisoner of war. After the war Mr. Covert went to farming, following that occupation until 1871, when he went to Kentucky and remained a year. He then came to Ohio and located in Lawrence County, and engaged in mining until 1878, when he came to Athens County and settled in Buchtel. He was married Oct. 8, 1874, to Miss Caroline Thomp- son, a native of Lawrence County. They have had four children, only three of whom are living — Albert S., John A. and Frank A. Mr. Covert is a member of the K. of L., Keystone Assembly, No. 1,510; K. of P., York Lodge, No. 75, and I. O. O. F., Buchtel Lodge, No. 712. James Wilson Crane, of the firm of Vorhes & Crane, brick, makers, contractors and builders, Nelsonville, was born in the vicin- ity of Zanesville, Ohio, Aug. 13, 1830, where he lived with his parents, James and Mercy (Wartenbe) Crane, until he was eighteen years of age. In 1848 he came to Nelsonville, and was employed as a coal-miner in the mine of VanWormer & Brooks, until 1864. Jan. 1, 1865, he was employed by W. B. Brooks as mine boss, re- maining in his employ until February, 1879. That year he became as- sociated with "W. II. Vorhes in brickmaking, contracting and build ing, under the firm name of Vorhes & Crane. He has been three times married. His first wife was Mary M. Crothers, of Nelsonville, whom he married Oct. 28, 1852. She died Jan. 20, 1864, leaving four children — Florence M., wife of Alfred Powell, of Muskingum County, Ohio; Lucinda E., wife of Vincent Green, of Hocking County ; Vesta M., wife of Charles W. Sanders, of Hocking County, 452 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALINE'S. "; and Mercy C, unmarried. He married his second wife, Margaret E. Carries, of Nelson vi lie, March 26, 1865. She died April 3, 1875, leaving five children — Sylva M., Eliza M., Charles W., James A., and William A. He married his third wile, Mrs. Margaret Davis, of Lancaster, Dec. 20, 1876. Mr. Crane is a Master and Royal Arch Mason, and has served as Senior and Junior Deacon and Sen- ior and Junior Warden of his lodge. He is also an Odd Fellow, and is a Past Grand. Edward Homer Davis, proprietor of Davis's livery stables at Nelsonville, was born in York Township, Athens Co., O., April 15, 1859. His parents were Joseph A. and Alvira(Judd) Davis. His father dying when he was a child, he lived with his mother on the homestead until her death, when he was fourteen. At that age he began to work for himself. In 1876 he traded his interest in his father's estate for the livery business, in which he is now en- gaged at Nelsonville. In the spring of 1882 he was elected a mem- ber of the Council of Nelsonville, and is now an incumbent of that office. Joseph A. Davis (deceased) was born in Athens County, Ohio, near the mouth of Monday Creek, Dec. 1, 1825. His parents were Rufus P. and Clarrissa (Allen) Davis. He was married to Alvira Judd, Oct. 24, 1850. They had seven children, five of whom are living — John F., Lizzie Armitage, Charles J., Edward H. and Clinton L. Seth P. died in childhood and Susan A. in infancy, Mr. Davis spent his whole life on the farm on which he was born, heiring part of the land and purchasing the balance, where he pursued farming np to his death, July 16, 1866. O. W. Devore is a native of York Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, born Nov. 28, 1843, a son of Henry and Nancy (McKee) Devore. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools and at the Ohio University. He spent several of his vacations in teaching school. In 1868 he entered the employ of the Nelsonville Coal Company, and April 2, 1870, was employed by T. Longstreth. He has been promoted from time to time, and at present is Superintendent of the store and offices of this district of the Columbus & Hocking Coal and Iron Company. He was married, Oct. 14, 1869, to Carrie McGill. They have three children — Carrie O, Belford L. and George E. Mr. and Mrs. Devore are members of the Methodist church. James Dew, proprietor of the Dew House, Nelsonville, was born at Zanesville, Ohio, Sept. 6, 1839. In 1810 his parents, John HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 453 and Sarah (Zane) Dew, came to Athens County, and settled in York Township on a farm, where he was reared. His father was a pioneer of Athens County, and came with his brother, Thomas Dew, when eight years old from Cumberland, Md., in 1819. His mother was a descendant of the Zane family, founders of the city of Zanesville, Ohio. Our subject lived with his parents until manhood, and was given a common-school education. In his boyhood he was placed in charge of his father's farm, and did not begin to do any thing for himself until his father's death, in 1863. .Receiving his share of his father's estate, he made no investments until 1878, when he built the Dew House, a brick structure in Nelsonville, which he rented until May, 1882, when, with his son Dudley, he took charge of it as James Dew & Son. In January, 1881, he purchased a farm of 530 acres in the vicinity of Frank- ford, Clinton Co., Ind., where he is also engaged in farming and stock-raising. In 1881 he was Trustee of York Township. In 1859 he married Miss Margaret Charlton, of Nelsonville. They have three children — Dudley, Capitola and Stanley. They have lost one son — Orlaf. Thomas Dew was born in July, 1815. He lived near Nelson- ville, and was a farmer and stock-dealer. He enlisted in the late war and was a Captain of the Eighteenth Ohio Regiment, which position he held until his health foiled, when he was obliged tore- sign and come home. He died at his home at Bessemer, Sept. 30, 1868, from disease contracted in the army. He left a family and a host of friends to mourn his loss. He was married to Miss Nancy Zane, daughter of Silas and Annie (Bland) Zane. Mr. Zane was the founder of Zanesville, Ohio, and was a very wealthy and in- fluential man at that time. Mrs. Dew was born May 4, 1821, and is the only one of the family now living. Mr. and Mrs. Dew were the parents of eight children, three of which are living — -Thomas E., Silas, and Mark; James, Joel, Isah, John and Orlaf are de- ceased. Charles Henry Doan, junior member of the firm of Lama & Doan, coal operators and merchants of Nelsonville, was born at Harveysburgh, Ohio, Jan. 7, 1852. When about four years old his parents, Nathan and Anna E. (Downing) Doan, moved to Rich - mond, Ind., where our subject remained till he was sixteen years of age. He was educated in the public schools and in Holing- worth's Commercial College at Richmond. In L868 he was em- ployed in a planing mill for a year, and afterward worked about 454 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. two years in a boot and shoe store. In 1S70 he began operating in coal at Richmond till November of the following year, when he came to Nelsonville and accepted the position of general manager of the New York & Ohio Coal Company's stores at Nelsonville, which position he held till 1874. He was then engaged as book- keeper till the following year in the store of Whitman & Bates. In March, 1S75, he was employed as bookkeeper for the Nelsonville Mining Company, staying there till it was discontinued, in January, 1S79. In 1881 he with J. E. Lama became the proprietors of the same mine in which they are now operating under the firm name of Lama & Doan. Previous to his becoming associated with Mr. Lama, he, in 1880, engaged in general merchandising at Nelsonville, which he carried on till December, 1881. June 23, 1873, he was married to Miss Jennie Austin, of Richmond, by whom he has two children — Robert A. and Frank C. Mr. Doan is an Odd Fellow, being Past Grand of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, and is also Past Chief of Nelsonville Encampment, No. 121. Levi McDowel, photographer, Nelsonville, was born in Mus- kingum County, O., March 24,1848. He lived on his father's farm until he was twenty-one, when he engaged in the cattle and stock trade. In 1873 he went to Columbus, O., and learned the .photog- rapher's trade, remaining at this point until 1874, when he went to Adams ville, Muskingum Co., O., and some six months later went to Plainheld, O., remaining there two years; then he located in Logan, O., and one year later came to Nelsonville and established his present business, where he has one of the best galleries in the Hocking Valley. He was married to Miss Laura Risley May 26, 1881. She was born in Logan, O., a daughter of James A. and S. A. (Prince) Risley, natives of Virginia and Maryland. Mr. and Mrs. Levi McDowel are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. John Dreany, merchant, of Nelsonville, was born Feb. 22, 1832, . in County Armagh, in the north of Ireland, where he lived till he was twenty-one years old. He then emigrated to the United States, landing at New York in June, 1852. He first went to Pittsburg and engaged himself as a miner in the Sawmill Run coal mines un- til 1854, when he went to Virginia and worked as a miner till 1856. The same year he came to Nelsonville, where he was again engaged us a miner for one year, after which he became a coal operator and carried on the business until November, 1859. He then began boating on the Hocking Valley & Ohio Canal, and in July, 1863, HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 455 during the Morgan raid, his boat was burned and his best horses taken by Morgan's men. In 1870 he gave up boating and engaged in the mercantile business, which he still follows. March 27, 1865, he married Elizabeth Cawthorn, who died June 4, 1874, when he, Aug. 1, 1877, married Anna Matheny, who died Oct. 13 of the same year. In February of the following year he was again married, this time to Lavina Dashler, of Athens County. Mr. Dreany is a Master Mason of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, of Nelsonville, and also an Odd Fellow, and belongs to Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339. /Samuel Smith Dresback, of the firm of Dresback & Hall, gro- cers and coal operators, Nelsonville, was born at JBloomingville, Hocking Co., O., Dec. 22, 1843, where he was reared a farmer and received a good common-school education. He lived with his par- ents, David and Jane (Smith) Dresback, until manhood. His fa- ther dying at about the time our subject became of age, lie remained on the farm with his mother six years, and during that time taught school during the winter months. In 1870 he was employed by the Lick Run Coal Company as a bookkeeper, and was in their em- ploy two and one-half years. In 1873 he was employed as assist- ant bookkeeper and weighmaster by T. Longstreth. In the spring of 1878 he engaged in the grocery business at Nelsonville. In October, 1882, George E. Hall became associated with him, under the firm name of Dresback & Hall, in the grocery business, and added that of operating in coal, their mines being in the vicinity of Nelsonville. Nov. 27, 1879, he was married to Jane Snyder, of Nelsonville. Himself and wife are members of the First Presby- terian Church. He has served both as Deacon and Ruling Elder for several years. Ellis Edwards was born in Flintshire, North Wales, in 1854. When he was eighteen years of age he went to Durham County, England, and worked in the coal mines thirteen years. While there, in 1858, he married Isabelle Caldwell, of Bouden Close, England. In 1865 he came to America and first located in Dun- more, Luzerne Co., Pa., where he worked in the coal mines a year. He then went to Wilkesbarre, Pa., and worked for Parish iv; Thomas a year. In 1867 he came to Ohio and worked in the railroad shops in Lancaster a year, and in 1868 came to Nelsonville and worked for Phillips & Powers four years. He then worked for W. B. Brooks most of the time till 1882 and since then has been em- ployed by Johnson Bros. & Patterson. In 1864 his wife died very suddenly of heart disease, leaving four children — Joseph, Mary 456 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Elizabeth (recently a graduate of Nelsonville High School), Isabella and Cora. In 18GS Mr. Edwards married Mrs. Emily McLaughlin of Nelsonville. They have one child — Stella L. Mr. Edwards is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, Nelsonville. lie has served as Deacon several years and is now a Ruling Elder. He is a member of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, I. O. O. F. William Edward Evans, President of the Hocking Valley divis- ion of the Miners' Association of the State of Ohio, was born at Grayson, Ky., July 1, 1847, where he was reared and lived with his parents, David and Frances (Evans) Evans, until manhood. At the age of eighteen he began to work in the coal mines at Mandy Furnace, Ky., remaining there until he was of age, when he came to Ohio and was employed in the coal mines at Sher- idan, Lawrence County. Lie afterward returned to Kentucky and worked in the mines at Coalton until 1874 when he came to Nelsonville and has been employed in the various mines at that place ever since. Jul}' 1, 1881, he was elected President of the Hocking Valley division of the Miners' Association of Ohio. Sept. 8, 1870, he married Elizabeth Rust, of Ironton, Lawrence Co., Ohio. They have six children — Charles Edward, William Henry, Frank, Harry, Stella and an infant. Mr. Evans is a mem- ber of Franklin Assembly, No. 453, Knights of Labor, being at present Treasurer. He is also an Odd Fellow and member of Unity Lodge, No. 568, of which he is Noble Grand, and of Nelsonville Encampment, No. 121. Christopher Findling was born in Germany, Sept. 12, 1849. When he was six years of age he came with his father's family to the United States and settled in Pomeroy, Meigs County, O., where he was reared and received a limited education. During his youth he worked in the coal mines, and when he was seventeen years of age he went to work in the woolen mills at Middleton, w T here he remained two years. At the end of that time he came to Athens County and was employed in the coal mines at Nelson- ville. In 1879 he came to Bessemer, where he has since resided, and has been engaged in the grocery business. He was married March 4, 1872, to Miss Corithine Rinestetter, a native of Hocking County. They had two children — Charley (died in 1877) and Liz- zie. His wife died in 1875. He was married Nov. 4, 18S0, to Miss Missouri Stuart of Athens County. They have had one child — Bertha, who died Sept. 2, 1881. Mr. Findling is a member of K. of P., York Lodge, No. 75. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 457 Jacob William Frost, Postmaster of Nelsonville, was born in Athens, Ohio, Nov. 9, 1847, where he was reared and received a common-school education. He is the son of Jacob C. and Mary (McCabe) Frost, with whom he lived until manhood. His father being a tailor, he learned that trade in his boyhood. In the fall of 1863 he came to Nelsonville and engaged in tailoring until 1870, when, on account of his health, he was obliged to change his busi- ness, and was employed as a clerk in the stores of Nelsonville until 1878, when he received the appointment of Postmaster. He is a Master, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason and member of the lodge at Nelsonville, and chapter and council at Logan, and commandery at Athens. He has served several terms as Senior Deacon of his Lodge. Charles Frederick Gilliam, M. D., Nelsonville, Ohio, was born in Logan, Ohio, Nov. 9, 1853. He is the son of William and Mary E. (Bryan) Gilliam. He began to support himself at the early age of thirteen by working in the nail factory of Clifton, W. Va. In his nineteenth year he was employed as a clerk at Middleport, and afterward at Nelsonville. When about twenty he began to clerk for his brother, Dr. D. T. Gilliam & James Dew, druggists at Nelsonville. He afterward succeeded Mr. Dew and was in business with his brother, under the firm name of Gilliam & Brother, until 1877, and during that time he studied medicine under his brother. Having a certificate to practice from the County Medical Society, Athens County, for several years, he was only required to take one course of lectures before graduating. He graduated from the Columbus Medical College in March, 1878, and established himself in his present practice at Nelson- ville. From July, 1878, to September, 1881, he served as Township Physician of York Township. March 12, 1879, he married Miss Mattie Frost, daughter of J. C. Frost, of Nelsonville. They have one child — Charles Frederick, Jr. William B. Gilmore was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, Sept. 10, 1835. His youth was spent in attending school. At the age of eighteen years he engaged in running an engine for a saw-mill. About a year and a half later he went to the Yinton County furnaces and ran the engine for four years. At the breaking out of the Rebellion he enlisted in Company K, Eighth Ohio Cav- alry. He participated in many hard-fought battles and remained in active duty until the close of the war, receiving an honorable discharge Aug. 7, 1865. He returned to Yinton County, and was 458 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. in the employ of the Hamden Express Company for a year and a half. In the spring of 1S67 he went to Stewart County, Tenn., where he engaged with the Lagrange Iron Company as engineer for four years. In August, 1871, he returned to Ohio, and for five years was employed by the Union Furnace Company, of Hocking Valley. In 1877 he came to Buchtel, where he has since been in the employ of the Akron Iron Company as engineer. He was married April 9, 1860, to Miss Caroline Cramer, a native of Yinton County, Ohio. They had two children — Addie and Annie. His wife died March 14, 1871. He was married Dec. 21, 1872, to Miss 'Diantha Tucker, a native of Hocking County, Ohio. Mr. Gilmore is a member of the I. O. O. F., Hocking Valley Lodge, No. 262, and of Tom Dew Post, No. 288, G. A. R. J. T. Gray was born in Prince George County, Md., Nov. 23 > 1825, a son of Elias and Delilah Gray. Mr. Gray received a com- mon education in the public schools, and moved to Nelson- ville in 1867, where he has since made his home. June 27, 1S49, he was married to Eliza Specht, daughter of Peter Specht. They have two living children — Alice and Emma, both married. Jonas died at the age of twenty years and one month. Mr. Gray enlisted first in the Ninety-second, and afterward in the One Hun- dred and Fifty-fifth Ohio Regiment, under General Ben Butler. He has been a Mason for a number of years, and is at present Master of the Nelsonville Lodge, No. 157. He was also a member of the I. O. O. F. for a brief period. He has served as Village Counsel three terms of two years each. Mr. Gray is by trade a tanner. John Grimm is a native of Baden, German} 7 , born March 9, 1833. His father, Philip Grimm, was Secretary of State for twenty-seven years in his native country, and his three elder brothers were men of military rank. One was Major in the German arniy, and the other two were Captains in the regular service. Our subject came to the United States in 1818, landing in New York. Pie learned the blacksmith's trade in Brooklyn, serving three years as an appren- tice and one year as journeyman in the same shop. He then visited nearly all the principal cities of the United States, and in 1854 came to Ohio, and located in Cincinnati. Oct. 17, 1857, he mar- ried Miss Rachel Wollbrand, a native of Sleswick, Holstein, Ger- many. He resided in Cincinnati until November, 1859, when he removed to Meigs County, Ohio, and remained until the breaking out of the late civil war. In 1861 he enlisted in the Seventh Ohio Battery Light Artillery, as a soldier of the ranks, but waR HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 459 soon promoted to Artificer of the blacksmith's department. June 6 he met with a serious accident by the fall of a horse, having his left leg and five ribs broken, and was confined to the hospital until October 23 following,when he was honorably discharged by a special order of General Sherman, but the following May he returned to his old regiment as a veteran, and received his former position, where he served until the close of the war. He was mustered out Aug. 27, 1865, and returned to his home in Meigs County, and there pursued his trade until 1876, when he came to Athens County and lived at Stewart for one and a half years. Re then came to Buchtel, where he has since resided, and has been foreman of the blacksmith shops for the Akron Iron Company. He was elected Justice of the Peace in 1880, and re-elected in 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Grimm are the parents of nine children, only seven of whom are living — Charles, Mary E., Florinda, Sophia, James, Augustus and Gustus (twins); John and Rachel, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Grimm are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Lodge No. 457, and of K. of L., Keystone Lodge, No. 1,516. W. J. Hamilton, Postmaster, Buchtel, a son of Samuel and Mary (O'Neal) Hamilton, was born in McKeesport, Allegheny County, Pa., June 17, 1848, where he was reared and educated. When he was old enough to work he engaged on the public works of the mines. He afterward clerked for his uncle, John O'Neal, at Pine Run, where he remained for seven years, after which he engaged in weighing coal for the same company two years. He then en- gaged as carpenter for the P. V. & C. R. R. Co., where he remained for about two years, and in the summer of 1877 came to Ohio and located at Buchtel, Athens County, where he has since resided. The first six months he was engaged in the mines, after which he was weighmaster until April 1, 1S82, when he received his ap- pointment as Postmaster. He was married Jan. 16, 1875, to Liz- zie Cawean, a native of West Elizabeth, Allegheny Co., Pa. They have two children — Cora B. and Norrinne. He is a member of I. O. O. F., Buchtel Lodge, No.712, being a charter member, and the encampment at West Elizabeth, No. 212; also a member of the K. of P., York Lodge, No. 75. W. J. Hayhson was born in llamden, Vinton Co., O., Sept., 30, 1S44, a son of Richard and Rachel (Gregory) Haybson, where he was reared and received his education in the common school. His youth was spent in working on a farm and attending school 460 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEF. until he was sixteen years of age when he went to learn the black- smith's trade with "Wm. Newton in his native county, where he re- mained one and a half years. lie then went to work for the M. & C R. R. for two years, after which he went into the railroad shops at Zaleski, Ohio, where he served eight years. In the spring of 1877, he came to Athens County and located in Buchtel and en- gaged with the Akron Iron Company, where he has since been em- ployed. He was married Oct. 6, 1868, to Ellen Robb, a native of Clarion County, Pa. They have three children — Irenos J., Frank- lin and Ira S. Mr. Haybson is a member of the K. of P., Buchtel Lodge, No. 78. He is also a member of the Blue Lodge, Nelson- ville, No. 157; Logan Chapter, No. 75, and Hockhocking Council, No. 39, A. F. & A. M., and Knights of Labor, Keystone Assembly, 1,516. He holds the office of Township Trustee of York Town- ship, elected in 1882. Wesley Clark Hickman was born near Chesterville, Knox Co., Ohio, Dec. 30, 1832, a son of Robert F. and Harriet (Nichols) Hickman, his father a native of Chester Count}'', Pa., and his mother of Leesburg, Va. When he was four years of age his parents removed to Mt. Vernon, Ohio, remaining there till the fall of 1842, when they went to Somerset, Perry County. In 1843 he went into his father's printing office to learn the trade, working part of the time and attending school the rest of the time for six years. Early in 1849 he left home and worked as a jour printer in Indiana, Ohio and Michigan for three or four years, spending part of the time, however, in attending school in Somerset, to Rev. A. J. AVeddell. In the latter part of 1S52 he began the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in 1854. In the spring of 1855 he was married to Catherine M., daughter of James and Amelia (Kelley) Porter, of Fultonham, Ohio, who died in 1856, leaving two children, a son and a daughter. The son, James Robert, still lives; the daughter died at the age of four and a half months. After the death of his wife he served two years as Deputy Clerk of Probate Court of Perry County, his father being Probate Judge. He then assumed the control of the Somerset JRevieio, but it proved unsuccessful, and through that and other unsuccessful business ventures he found himself involved in debt. He closed his office and went to Cincinnati and entered an office as compositor, and from the fall of 1859 till April, 1861, worked at the case, princi- pally in the office of the Daily Times. He then enlisted in Com- pany I, Fifth Ohio Infantry, for three months. The company HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 461 organized under the name of Franklin Guards, and was composed almost wholly of " typos." In June, 1861, the regiment reorgan- ized as a three years' regiment, and Mr. Hickman re-enlisted. He served in the ranks as a non-commissioned officer till August, 1863, when, on account of failing health, he was transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps. Objecting to the transfer which was made against his will, he only remained with the ''reserves" till Sept. 27, 1863, when he rejoined his regiment at "Washington, D. C, and accom- panied his old command to Tennessee. He remained with his regiment till Dec. 23, when an order for his arrest was forwarded to his regiment and he was returned to Washington and the charge of " desertion " preferred against him by the Captain of the Seventh Company, Second Battalion, V. R. C, Emil Sturmfels. After being kept in the guard house a few days he was put on trial as a " deserter " before a general court martial, Colonel Guile, of Philadelphia, presiding, but before the result of the trial was announced the Adjutant General graciously removed the charge and remanded him to duty. During his military service he was in the campaigns of West Virginia in 1861, and in the Shenandoah Valley in 1862, participating in the engagements at Winchester, Port Republic, Cedar Mountain and others, and did duty as scout a short time. He was in the service thirty-eight months, being with the Fifth Ohio two years, in the hospital seven months (as patient part of the time and about four months as clerk at Harper's Ferry General Hospital), and about six months in the Veteran Reserve Corps. In June, 1864, he returned to Perry County, and resumed the practice of law. In June, 1866, he was appointed Clerk of Courts of Perry County, but at the election was beaten by his Democratic competitor by a majority of 145. In October, 1867, he came to Nelson ville. He served one term as Justice of the Peace of York Township, from 1869-'72, but refused re-election at the end of the term. In 1875 he was again elected and still holds the office. In September, 1865, he married Kate, daughter of Hixson and Ann (Pruner) Hunt. They have had six children born to them, only three now living — Paul H., Katie and John M. Fletcher died at the age of five months, Annie H. at the age of two years, and Sam aged one year. WUUs Gaylord Hickman, County Commissioner of Athens County, and druggist of Nelsonville, was born in Mount Vernon, Ohio, Oct. 16, 1839. He is the son of Robert F. and Harriet (Nichols) Hickman. His mother died at Somerset when he was 462 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. three years of age, and he lived with his father until he was sev- enteen, and was driven a common -school education. He worked at the printer's trade until he was eighteen, but not liking that trade began to learn the blacksmith's trade, and worked at it for four years, when, in March, 1S62, he enlisted in Company E, of the First Battalion of the Eighteenth U. S. Infantry, and served three years, being discharged at Lookout Mountain, Tenn., March 27, 1865. He participated in the battles of Corinth, Perrysville, Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Tullahoma, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Dalton, Resaca, Burnt Hickory, Kennesaw Mountain, Smyrna Church, Peach Tree Creek, Chattahoochee, the siege and capture of Atlanta and Jonesboro. After being discharged he re- turned to New Lexington, Ohio, where his father had removed while he was in the service, and from there he went to Lebanon, Ohio, and attended the Southwestern Normal School for nearly two years. He then returned to New Lexington, and was deputy clerk under his father in the probate office at that place one year, when in May, 1868, he came to Nelsonville and engaged in the drug business, being associated with his brother, W. C. Hickman, under the firm name of Hickman Brothers. In 1873 Joseph Smith became his brother's successor, and changed the firm to Hickman & Smith. In July, 1876, Mr. Smith retired from the firm, and since then Mr. Hickman has carried on the business alone. In the spring of 1878 he was elected Treasurer of the vil- lage of Nelsonville for a term of two years, and re-elected in the spring of 1882. He served as Township Trustee of York Town- ship during 187S-'79, and on the School Board of Nelsonville from 1881 to 1883. In 1880 he was elected one of the Commissioners of Athens County for a term of three years. Nov. 2, 1871, he mar- ried Miss Lorana L. Wolf, of Hocking County, Ohio, who died at Nelsonville, May 31, 1878, leaving two children — Robert D. and Perley W. He married Miss Dora Wolf, of Nelsonville, Aug. 8, 1880. They have one child — Emma E. Mr. Hick- man is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M.; of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, I. O. O. F., and of Nelson- ville Encampment, No. 121. He is Past Grand of the sub- ordinate lodge, and Past Worthy Patriarch of the encampment. He is also a member of Phil Kearney Post, G. A. R. Jacob James IZoodlet, blacksmith, of Nelsonville, was born near Somerset, Ohio, April 7, 1835. He lived with his parents, Peter and Catherine (Klise) Hoodlet, in Perry and Hocking counties HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 463 until manhood. At fourteen years of age he began to learn the blacksmith's trade with Jam es Edington, at Old Straitsville, Perry County, with whom he worked some three years, after which he worked for his brother, John Hoodlet, at Gore, Hocking County, until 1857. He then returned to Old Straitsville and began busi- ness for himself, remaining in that place till 1862, when he came to Nelsonville and established the shop in which he still continues to work. He was married Aug. 6, 1856, to Miss Elizabeth Johan- nah Johnson, of Hocking County, who has borne him twelve chil- dren, nine of whom survive, viz.: Henry P., John W., Mary A., Charles L., Isaao P., Ella L., Maria J., Kate L. and Nancy M. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Nel- sonville, of which he is Steward. Mr. Hoodlet served as Council- man of Nelsonville in 1867. He is an Odd Fellow, being a member of Unity Lodge, No. 568, of Nelsonville. In 1864 he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Forty-fourth Regiment, O. N. G., and served on guard duty at Barboursville, Va., four months. John Wesley Jackson, of the firm of Wilson & Jackson, proprie- tors of the Central Meat Market at Nelson ville, was born in Man- chester Township, Morgan County, April 30, 1829. At an early age he came with his parents, Robert and Rebecca (Hollister) Jackson, to York Township, Athens County, where he lived until he was fifteen years old, after which he went with them to Ward Township, Hocking County, where his father died in 1845. Soon after he returned with his mother to York Township. He was reared as a farmer, and educated in the district schools. At twenty- two years of age he rented the homestead of his mother, and began to farm for himself. After a short time he and his brother-in-law bought the interest of the other heirs, and he became owner of the portion on which he lived for twenty-eight years. In 1879 he rented his farm, removed to Nelsonville and formed his present partnership with Clark Wilson. He was married April 14, 1864, to Miss Kate S. White, of Athens. They have two children living, viz. : Robert Hiram and Harry Hays. Lizzie Lillian died at Nel - sonville, April 30, 1880, at the age of fifteen years. Mr. Jackson was elected Township Assessor of York Township in 1878, and served one year. He and wife are members of the Methodist Epis- copal church of Nelsonville, of which he is Trustee and Steward. Thomas Johnson, of the firm of Johnson Brothers & Patterson, consisting of Thomas, Edward and Charles Johnson, Joseph Slater 464 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and David Patterson, coal miners and dealers, of Nelson ville, was born near Birmingham, England, Dec. 6, 1853. When he was about eight years of age he came to the United States with his parents, Thomas and Ann (Slater) Johnson, first settling at Niles, Ohio. He lived with them there, at Sharon, Pa., and Akron, Ohio, until 1873, when he, with his brother Charles, came to Nelsonville. He was given only a common-school education and was brought up a miner. He followed that avocation at Nelsonville until 1879 when he and his brothers, Charles and Edward, and half brother, Joseph Slater, leased the Salt Well Hollow coal mines at Nelsonville and began to mine and ship coal. In August, 1881, David Patterson, of Columbus, Ohio, became associated with them and formed the present firm of Johnson Brothers & Patterson. Oct. 4, 1881, he married Mary Zephyr, daughter of A. H. Carnes, of ISTelsonville. They have one child — Thomas Alfred. Mr. Johnson is a Master Mason and member Philodorean Lodge, No. 157. Andrew Jackson Juniper was born in York Township, Athens County, on Nov. 2, 1853, and at the age of four years accompanied his parents, Thomas and Charlotte (Taylor) Juniper, to Wisconsin. They returned from there to Athens County in 1861, where he was educated in the schools of Nelsonville. At the age of twenty he began to work as a coal miner for W. B. Brooks, and contin- ued to do so for five years. In 1878 he was employed by John W. Scott as Superintendent of the Lick River coal mines for one year, after which he was engaged as a clerk in the store of the Flood- wood Coal Company about one year. In 1860 he came to Nelson- ville and engaged in merchandising, and in 1881 he also began operating in coal. In December of the latter year his brother, Abner Juniper, became associated with him under the firm name of Juniper Brothers. They employ some seventy-five miners annually and are permanently located in Nelsonville. Dec. 17, 1871, he was married to Miss Anna More, of Nelsonville, and they are the parents of two children, viz.: Ida and Edward. Wallace Washington Knight, an old resident of Nelsonville, was born Nov. 13, 1825, on the spot where he now resides. He is a son of James and Sarah (Redmond) Knight, who emigrated from England and settled in Nelsonville in July, 1821. His father died Aug. 26, 1836, and his mother, Aug. 6, 1867. Our subject received his education in the district school. At the age of fifteen he began to learn the tanner's trade, working at it six or seven years, but not liking that trade he was variously employed HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 465 until 1S6S, when he retired from active business. Oct. 11, 1857, he married Miss Josephine Everts, of Athens County, daughter of Eli and Oril (Howe) Everts. She was born in Canada, and came- to Athens County with her parents when she was quite young. They have two children — James S., a clerk with C. A. Cable & Co., and Wallace Wade, attending school. Solomon Charles Kontner, proprietor of meat market, Nelson, ville, Ohio, was born at Deavertown, Morgan Co., Ohio, Nov. 29, 1832. When about six years of age he came with his parents, Solomon and Mary (Bagley) Kontner, to Nelsonville, where he was reared. His father dying when he was sixteen years old he began to maintain himself. He was employed as a driver on the Hocking Yalley & Ohio Canal during the summer season, until 1857; has served in all the positions, from driver to captain. Since 1857 he has been engaged in his present business at Nelson ville, with the exception of three years, when he was operating in mining coal. He has served as Marshal of Nelsonville nine years, and Councilman five years. March 15, 1855, he married Mary A. Lazarus, of Deavertown. They have five children — Ida, Addie (wife of Dr. S. E. Butt), Charles S., Cora and Yerna. Mr. Kontner is an Odd Fellow and member of the Hockhocking Lodge, No, 339, and Nelsonville Encampment, No. 121. Joseph J. Lane, mechanic, Buchtel, was born in Washington County, Pa., June 7, 1S39, a son of Joseph and Margaret (McKee. ver) Lane. His youth was epent in assisting his father in a cabinet shop, and attending school. When sixteen years ot age he went to Ripley, Brown Co., Ohio, and served an apprentice- ship of four years at the machinist's trade. At the breaking out of the late civil war, he was the first man in Washington County > Pa., to offer his services in defense of his country, enlisting on the 12th day of April, 1S61, in the three months' service. He served in the Eastern army until his term of enlistment expired, afte which he re-enlisted in the Ringgold Cavalry, an independent bat. talion, where he served until the close of the war. He participated in many hard-fought battles; among some of the most prominent were : Winchester, Cedar Creek, Gettysburg and Knoxville. He enlisted as a soldier of the ranks, but received promotion through all the non-commissioned offices, and in February, 1S64, received the commission of Second Lieutenant. He was honorably discharged Dec. 12, 1S65, thus serving his country faithfully for a period of nearly five years. After being mustered out he returned to his 30 466 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY, native county. In 1867 he came to Ohio and settled in New Lex- ington, and went to work at carpentering, remaining there until 1SS0, when he came to Buchtel, where he has since resided. He was married Nov. 4, 1862, to Miss Martha Wilkins, a native of Washington County, Pa. They have had five children, only four of whom are living — Maggie, Lulu A., Samuel S. and Nora. Mr. Lane is a member of Buchtel Lodge, I. O. O. F., No. 712, and of the Tom Dew Post, No. 28S, G. A. P., Buchtel. H. T. Zee,JI. D.,was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, Jan. 26, 1856, a son of James H. andEachel (Baldwin)Lee. He received his early education in the common schools, and completed it at the Atwood Institute, Albany, Athens Co., Ohio. After leaving school he engaged in teaching for about four years. He began the study of medicine in April, 1878, under the preceptorship of Dr. A. C. Allen, of Straitsville, Ohio. He took his first course of lectures in the winter of 1879-'S0, at the Ohio Medical College, after which he returned to Straitsville, and remained with his preceptor until the rext winter, when he took his second course of lectures, and gradu- ated in 1882, at the same college, after which he located in Buch- tel, where by strict attention to his profession he has built up a large practice, and met with remarkable success. He is a member of the K. of P., Buchtel Lodge, No. 78. He is also a member of the I. O. O. F., Buchtel Lodge, No. 712. Barnet Columbus Lefever, Superintendent of the Nelson ville Planing Mill Company, was born at Butler, Butler Co., Pa., May 27, 1830. In his sixth year he came with his parents, Isaac and Elizabeth (Step) Lefever, to Ohio and lived in Trimble Township till he attained the age of manhood. At the age of twenty he be- gan to learn the carpenter's trade with James M. Bishop, of Morgan County, with whom he worked about two years. He next worked as a journeyman at different places in Athens, Hocking and Mor- gan counties for three years, and in 1855 he located in Albany, Athens County, where he lived one year, when he removed to a farm in York Township, where he pursued fanning with his trade till 1871. In that year he came to Nelsonville and engaged as a contractor and builder and undertaker, in which lie is still engaged. In January, 1882, at the organization of the Nelsonville Planing Mill Company, he became a stockholder and was elected Superin- tendent, and still holds that position. In 1S75 he was elected one of the Athens County Infirmary Directors for a term of three years; has also served as Councilman of Nelsonville two terms; as HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 467 member of the School Boardone term, and on the School Board of York Township about ten years. He was married Jan. 1',), 1S55, to Miss Rebecca Miranda, daughter of Robert and Rebecca Jack- son, of York Township, Athens County. They have had six chil- dren, bnt Edmund Burns is the only one living at present. Three died in infancy. Thomas Orlando died in 1872, at the age of sixteen, and Charles Welch in 1874, aged over three years. Mr. Lefever is a Master Mason and member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157; an Odd Fellow, a member of llockhocking Lodge, No. 339, of which he is Past Grand. Moses Lewis, deceased, was bom in Athens County, Ohio, April 19, 1816, a son of Samuel Lewis, who was a son of Daniel Lewis, and came to Athens Count}- among the early settlers. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. He was married May 9, 1813, to Miss Sarah Harrington, a daughter of Samuel K. Harrington, a native of New York. Soon after our subject's marriage he moved on the farm, where his widow now resides. They were the parents of fifteen chil- dren, eight of which are still living. He and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Lewis held the office of Justice of the Peace for about eight years besides many other local offices of trust and responsibility. He departed this life May 29, 1882. Mrs. Lewis has a large farm of 336 acres of well-cultivated land. Henry J. Ley was born in Alsace, Germany, Nov. 11, 1855, where he was reared and educated. He came to the United States in 1873, and located in Akron, Summit Co., Ohio. In 1876 he came to Bessemer and worked at the stone-mason's trade about three months, when he went to work in the iron mines. lie was married June 2, 1881, to Miss Josephine Gross, a native of Law- rence County, Ohio. They have one child — Henry P. Mr. Ley is a member of the K. of L. , Keystone Assembly, No. 1,516, and of the K. of P., York Lodge, No. 75. Thomas Manning Linton, a miner in the coal mines of Nelson- ville, was born near Frederick City. Frederick Co., Md., Aug. 12, 1838, where he lived until he was ten years of age. In the fall of ISIS he came with his parents to Ohio, settling near Maxville, where they lived until L850, when they came to Hocking County and located on Monday Creek. In 1S5S he came to Nelsonville and engaged in mining, which he followed until April 21, 1861, when he enlisted in Company B, Twenty-second Ohio In- 4 (is HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. fantry, for three months. He served until Aug. 19. 1861. Oct. 2, 1S61, lie enlisted in Company G, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, for three years. He was discharged at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, Nov. 9, 1804. He participated in the battles of Athens, Ala.. LaVergne, Tenn., Stone River, Tenn., Elk River, Chattanooga, Davis Cross Roads, Ohickamauga, Rossville, Brown's Ferry, Missionary Ridge and Pulaski. In January, 1803, he was promoted to Duty Sergeant, and served as such until his discharge. After his dis- charge he returned to Nelsonville and resumed mining, and has been connected with that business ever since. Jan. 13, 1868, he married Emma Tedrow, of Nelsonville. They have four children — Eugene M., Emma May, Flora and Parley. Mr. and Mrs. Linton are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of f Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M., and of Hockhock- ing Lodge, No. 339, I. O. O. F. Thomas Porter Marshall, of the Maple Hill Coal Company, Nelsonville, was born May 30, 1827, in Philadelphia, Pa., a son of William and Rebecca (Beaty) Marshall. When he was two years of age his parents removed to Darlington, Pa., where he was reared and educated. When he was twenty years of age he went to work for J. C. Hartman to learn the trade of a millwright, serving an apprenticeship of three and a half years, and in 1850 became associated with his employer in business. In 1854 they went to Iowa and worked in Marshall and Hardin counties till 1861. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Company H, Thirteenth Iowa [nfantry, and was elected Captain of his company. He was afterward promoted to .Major of the regiment, He participated in the battles of Shiloh, siege of Corinth, second battle of Corinth, siege and capture of Vicksburg. and was in the Atlanta campaign. After the fall of Atlanta, while at home on furlough, he was assigned to General Thomas's command. Army of the Cumberland, stationed at Nashville, Tenn., and placed in command of a regiment of the pro- visional division of the Army of the Tennessee, and while there participated in the two days' battle before Nashville. He remained in command of the regiment till its disbandment in April, L865, when he returned to his own regiment at Goldsboro, and after the surrender of Johnston went to Washington, and was discharged April 9, 1865, after a service of nearly four years. Ho returned to his old home in Beaver Co., Pa., his family having moved there in his absence. He was engaged in the oil business two years, and in 1867 began operating in and mining coal. In October, 187 :> >. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLET. 469 lie came to Nelsonville and was appointed Superintendent of the Laurel Hill Coal Company, of Columbus, remaining with them till Feb. 28, 1882. March 6, 1882, he was employed as Superintendent of the Maple Hill mines. April 1, 1883, a new organization was formed, and called the Maple Hill Coal Company. Mr. Marshal] became a member of the company, still retaining the position of Superintendent. In 1857-'5S, he was Justice of the Peace of Greencastle Township, Marshall Co., Iowa, and was Coroner of that county in 1850. In 18S0-'81 he was Councilman of Nelson- ville, and since 1881 has been a member of the Board of Educa- tion, being at present President of the Board. Nov. 10,1852, he married Rachel Dawson, of Columbiana Co., O., who died Sept. 6, 1873, leaving three children — William Dawson, Almira H. and Etta Florella. In December, 1S75, Mr. Marshall married Rachel Snyder, of Zaleski, O. They have two children — Ralph Everett and Ethel Ida. Mr. Marshall belongs to the Masonic frater- nity, and is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, of Nelson- ville, and Liverpool Chapter, No. 100, of East Liverpool; an Odd Fellow and a member of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, and Nel- sonville Encampment, No. 121, and also of York Lodge, No. 15, K. of P. James Monroe Martin, watchman in the coal mines of W. P>. Brooks, was born in Lancaster, Fairfield Co., Ohio, April 7, ISIS, where he lived for thirty years. When eighteen years of age, in 1836, he became apprenticed to George Ring, of Lancaster, to learn the woolen manufacturer's trade, which he followed till 1S7S, carrying it on at Nelson ville from 184S until 1878, being associated with J. J.Robbins. From 1878 till 1S81 he was not in any active business, but since then has been employed in his present position. He has held the office of Councilman of Nelsonville one term. March 25, L841, he was married to Mary Moutice, of Lancaster, who died April 21, 1S64, at Nelsonville, leaving two children — Joseph C. and William Scott, both of Nelsonville. June 25, 1865, he was married to Mrs. Susan A. Bates, of Nelsonville, who died Sept. 20, 1879. Mr. Martin is an Odd Fellow and member of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, of which he is Past Graud. Lindley Alonso Maxwell, station agent ot the C, II. V. & T. R. R. at Nelsonville, was horn near Malaga, Monroe Co., O., March 31, 1S54, a son of John L. and Phcebe J. (Carlton) Maxwell. He attended school till fifteen years of age and then clerked in a store at Lancaster a year, after which he went into the office of the C.,H. 470 HISTORr OF PIOCKING VALLEY. V. & T. R. R., at Lancaster, and learned telegraphy. He was em- ployed in the office as extra operator about six months, and then as night operator eight months. From Lancaster he went to Colum- bus, Ohio, and was employed as extra operator there and afterward in other places till Nov. 9, 1873, when he received the appointment of day operator at Nelsonville, and Aug. 4, 1881, he was promoted to station agent. Sept. 11, 1878, he married Sarah I. Smith, of Nelsonville. They have two children — Charles L. and Lula J. Mr. Maxwell is a member of York Lodge, No. 75, K. of P., of which he is now Past Chancellor. John Perry McG'dl, junior member of the mercantile firm of Parker & McGill, Nelsonville, was born in Canaan Township, Ath- ens Co., O., May 3, 1837, where he lived with his parents, John and Susan (Mansfield) McGill, until he was eight years old, when they moved to Waterloo Township. In 1847 they removed to Hamley Run, in Dover Township, and when he was eighteen to York Township, and in 1857, to Starr Township, Hocking County, where he lived four years. He remained with his father's family, his father being a cripple, until he was twenty-seven years of age. Sept. 5,. 1864, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He then returned to Atherns County, and in the fall of that year engaged in saw-milling and farming at Mineral City, carrying on that business until the following year. He then went on the M. & C. R. R., working in different capacities until 1869, when he took charge of the telegraph wires on the Columbus & Hocking Valley Road, having charge of the lines from Athens to Columbus. His father died Dec. 24, 186U, at Mineral City. In March, 1883, he became associated with J. M. Parker in the general mercantile business at Nelsonville. Aug. 17, 1865, he was. married to Elvira Burlingame, of Albany, Athens County. They have one daughter — Flora. Him- self and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Ho is an Odd Fellow and member of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, of Nelsonville. Jlosea McC. Miller was born in Preston County, W. Ya., Feb. 19, 1846. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools, living with his parents until he grew to manhood. After he reached his majority he learned the blacksmith's trade with his father, working with him three years. lie then went to Grafton, W. Ya., and worked in the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad shops two years. In 1873 he came to Hocking County, O., and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 471 worked at the Union Furnaces until May 9, 1877, when he came to Buchtel, where he has since been in the employ of the Akron Iron ( Jompany. He was married Sept. 22, 1808, to Mary M. Rodeheaver, a native of Preston County, W. Va. They have two children — Frank G. and Clarence W. Mr. Miller is a member of the K. ot P., York Lodge, No. 75. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Alexander Warden Nelson, real estate agent, was born in Nel- sonville, Sept. 1, 1825. He is the second of three sons of Daniel and Sarah (Smith) Nelson. His father was the original owner ot the site of Nelsonville and an extensive land owner. He laid out the plot of Nelsonville in 1818. Onr subject was reared and has spent his whole life at Nelson ville. His father dying when he was ten years of age he was thrown upon his own resources. In his boyhood he began to work on the Hocking Valley & Ohio Canal by driving a cart-horse, and after its completion followed canaling, from driver to captain, until 1861. In that year he assisted in re- cruiting soldiers for the Union army, he being a staunch Union man. In the latter part of that year he enlisted in Company G, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and served only eighteen months when he was discharged at Huntsville, Ala., for disability caused by dis- eased eyes, having at that time nearly lost his eyesight. He then returned home, and although still afflicted, assisted in raising re- cruits. He has been under treatment for years but has not fully recovered his sight. He for a time tried to work in the coal mines, but was obliged to abandon it. He was then variously employed until ls75, when he engaged in the real estate business and lately became associated with J. F. Camp, under the firm name of Camp ov ISTelsoo. July 18, 1850, he was married to Miss Alpha Stein- rocl, of Muskingum County, O. They have eight children — Joseph- ine, wife of Albert Riggs; Ella, Douglas Ward, Orilla, Daniel. Alpha, Amos and Angle. They have lost one — Louisa, who died at the age of seventeen years. ^Mr. Nelson is a member of Phil Kearney Post, No. 38, G. A. R, of Nelsonville. Alonzo Pugsley Newton, Street Commissioner of Nelsonville, was born at Nelsonville, Oct. 10, 1835. He is the son of Gershom and Clarissa (Fisk) Newton, with whom he lived until he was eight years old, when he was taken by his uncle, Aaron Lewis, living with him until he was twenty-one. He then engaged in boating on the Hocking Valley & Ohio Canal until 1861, when, Oct. 9, he en- listed in Company G, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and served three 472 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. years. He was in the battles of Athens, Ala., Pulaski, Term., and Stone River. He was discharged at Camp Chase, Ohio, Nov. 4, 1864. He then returned to Nelsonville and w r as employed in the coal mines until 1879, when he was elected Street Commissioner of Nelsonville, and has held that position by re-election ever since. Jan. 29, 1865, he married Miss Rebecca Anders, of Nelson ville. They have four children — Ella, JBerta, Minnie and Fred. Mr. New- ton is a member of Phil Kearney Post, No. 38, G. A. R., of which Le is Senior Commander. James Milton Parker, senior member of the firm of Parker & McGill, merchants, Nelsonville, was born near Logan, Hocking Co., Ohio, May 26, 1843, where he was reared and lived with his par- ents, Albert and Malinda, nee Bancroft, Parker, until manhood, and was given a common-school education. After becoming of age he was variously employed until 1871, when he was employed as a clerk in the store of W. B. Brooks, of Nelsonville, until 18S2, when he became associated with John P. McGill in the mercantile busi- ness, under the firm name of Parker ifc McGill. Sept. 12, 1SC5, he was married to Miss Lydia Woodard, daughter of Nathan B. and Sarah (Nelson) Woodard. Her grandmother was a descendant of Daniel Nelson, the founder of Nelsonville. They have had two chil- dren; one died in infancy, and the other, Luetta, died at Nelson" ville, Feb. 26, 1S71. Mr. and Mrs. Parker are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, of Nelsonville, of which he has been Steward eleven } T ears, Class-Leader two years, and Sabbath-school Superintendent eight years. John Calvin Parker, salesman for Charles Robbins, Nelson- ville, was born near Deavertown, Ohio, April 4. 1839, a son of Albert and Malinda (Bancroft) Parker. He was reared in Logan. Hocking County, where he received his elementary education, completing it in the Union School, Lexington, Ohio. He began teaching when twenty years of age, and taught live winters in Stan- Township, Hocking County. In June, 1864, he came to Nelson- ville and opened a photograph gallery, but the next June sold out and became associated with M. W. Benson in the mercantile busi- ness. In November, 1867, he retired from the firm and entered the employ of Charles Robbins. Since 1873 he has been dealing in real estate, and since his boyhood he has dealt in horses, being one of the best judges of that animal in the county. lie was elected Township Clerk in 186S, serving a year; has served as Town- ship Treasurer ten years; a member of the Board of Education of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. *473 Nelsonville seven years, and Treasurer of the village School Board nine vears. May 30, 1860, he married Sarah A. Woodard, a de- scendant of Daniel Nelson, the founder of Nelsonville. They have one child— Orilla M., wife of Fred. W. Bull, ot Bnchtel. Mr. and Mrs. Parker are members of the Methodist church. He is a mem- ber of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M., and of Hock- hocking Lodge, No. 339, I. O. O. F. Ashford Poston was born near Hanging Rock, Hampshire Co., Va., Nov. 7, 1S14, the eldest of three sons of Richard and Eliza- beth (Thompson) Poston. He was reared on his father's farm, and received but a limited education in the ordinary subscription schools of that day. The year he was twenty-one he came to Ohio with his parents, locating in the vicmit} r of Zanesville, where he began to work tor himself, and was variously employed till 1837, when he became established in the grocery business with his cousin, E. S. Poston, in Nelsonville, the firm name being E. S. & A. Poston. Four years later they added general merchandise to their stock of groceries. He was also engaged in driving horses and cattle to the Philadelphia and Baltimore markets until 1844, when he retired from the mercantile and stock business, and en- gaged in boating on the Hocking Valley & Ohio Canal, and in buying and selling produce. In 1S56 he retired from active busi- ness, but in 1S63 became interested in mining and shipping coal, and was thus engaged until 1881. In connection with mining, in 1873 he was in the hardware and furniture business with S. N. Poston, the firm name being A. <$z S. N. Poston. In 1876 he purchased a dry -goods house, but in 1S80 rented his coal mine and retired from all active business. Since 1858 he has been an extensive dealer in real estate. Although not actively engaged in business he is a member of the Nelsonville Planing Mill Company, of which he is President, Treasurer and Director. During the many years of his residence in Nelsonville he has served in most of the offices of its municipal and township organization. He has been twice married. His first wife was Margaret Parkinson, of Athens County, whom he married in 1838, and who died in 1842, leaving two children — Mary E. (now Mrs. Abraham Williams), and William B. Dec. 2, 1S57, he married Miss M. C. Butt. They have three children — Maggie L., wite of William H. Hatch; Dennie A., widow of Cassius Dew, and Emma May. They have lost two children — Allie Monema, died March 3,1869, aged ten years, and Annie, died in infancy. -±74 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Lorenzo Dow Boston was bora in Hampshire County, Va . March 22, 1812, and moved to Athens County in 1830 and engaged in buying and selling cattle until about 1835, when he moved to Nelsonville and went into the mercantile business. He owned a large tract of land in and near Nelsonville, and in 1852 went into the mining business, in which he was very successful. Nov. 26, 1835, he was married to 'Martha Wilson, who only lived about two years. Sept. 26, 1838, he married Lucinda Parkinson. They had five children, two of which are living — William W., and Lucinda, wife of E. P. Pendleton. In 1S52 he was married to Miss Hannah Scott. They had three children — Winfield, Irvin and Clarence E. Mr. Poston died Dec. 16, 1S75. He was a man of fine business talent, and his death was mourned by all that knew him. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church for many years before his death, and had been Class-Leader several years. When a young man he used to work by the month at any kind of work he could obtain, but when he died he was one of the wealth- iest men in the county. He obtained it all by his own good man- agement and hard work. Mrs. Hannah Poston, wife of the deceased, was born Sept. 15, 1830, in England, and came to America with her parents when she was abuut three and one-half years old. They settled on the Ohio River and lived there until she was about ten years old, when they moved to Nelsonville. Webster Wesley Poston, of the firm of Steenrod & Poston, pro- prietors of Eagle Flouring Mills, of Nelsonville, and also a member of the Nelsonville Planing Mill Company, and of theNel- sonville Foundry and Machine Company, was born in •Xelsonvillo, June 29, 1844, where he was reared and educated. He lived with his parents, Wesley W. and Mary E. (Dew) Poston. until manhood. At the age of fourteen he entered the store of his father and was variously employed until the death of his father, Feb. 2, L875. Alter his death he, with his brother, James D., settled up the estate. He then engaged in business with Amos Steenrod, and purchased the Eagle Flouring Mills. In 18S1 he became a stockholder in the Nelsonville Foundry and Machine Company, of which he is Treas- urer, and in 1882 became a member of the Nelsonville Planing Mill Company, of which he is one of the Directors. He is also largely interested in coal lands now being worked by leasers. lie has been twice married. His first wife was Miss llattie O., daughter of G. L. Cooley, of Nelsonville, whom he married Nov. 26, 1865, and who died in October, 1869, leaving two children — HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 475 Frank. W. and Ella Veil, the latter dying in the fall of 1S76, at the a^e of six years. He married his second wife, Miss Belle G. Cre- sap, of Logan, Ohio, April 22, 1873. They have three children — Webster C, Charles E. and Mabel Lefever. Fred Lorenzo Preston, of the firm of L. P.Preston & Son, was born at Delaware, Ohio, Jan. 10, 1854, and is the eldest of four sons of Lorenzo P. and Laura L. (Dix) Preston. When he was an infant his parents removed to Columbus, where they lived until he was thirteen, when they came to Nelsonville. He was educated in the schools of Columbus and Nelsonville until he was seventeen, attending the High School of Columbus through part of the junior year, when he returned home to Neisonville, and was employed as a clerk for W. B. Brooks. He afterward became bookkeeper and was with him about ten years. In August, 1881, he became associ- ated with his father in the mercantile business at Nelson ville, under the firm name of L. P. Preston & Son. March 31, 1879, he mar- ried Ella, daughter of John Herrold, of Athens County. They have one child — Perry. Lorenzo Perry Preston, senior member of the firm of Pres- ton & Son, merchants, Nelsonville, was born in Montpelier, Vt., Feb. 3, 1817, where he was reared a farmer, and lived with his parents, Samuel and Lydia (Short) Preston, until manhood, and was given a good English education. When seventeen years of age he began to teach in country schools, and taught in various places in Vermont, at the same time pursuing his studies. After becoming ot age, in the spring of 183S, he came to Ohio, and located at Columbus, where he was employed as clerk in the store of Stone, Carr & Co. for one year, when he become associated with Charles Kelton in the mercantile business, under the firm name of L. P. Preston & Co. In 1814 he formed a co-partnership with his brother, S. I). Preston, in the mercantile business at Columbus, under the firm name ot S. I). ., Xelsonville, Ohio, was born in Uniontown, Muskingum Co., Ohio, Oct. IS, 1831, the eldest of six children of Reuben H. and Hester Ann (Cannon) Primrose. He was reared in Muskingum and Perry connties, receiving his educa- tion in the common schools and the High School of Somerset. In 1857 he began the study ot medicine with Dr. Xicodemus Hafford. of Old Straitsville, Perry County, studying and practicing the pro- fession till August, 1861, when he enlisted in Company A. Thirty- first Ohio Infantry. On the organization of his company he waa elected Second Lieutenant, and in February. 1862, was promoted to First Lieutenant. In Xovember, 1862, he resigned on account of his eyes and a catarrhal trouble and returned to Old Straitsville. In February, 1863, lie came to Xelsonville and assisted in raisil g Company A, Thirty-sixth Ohio National Guard, and was appointed its Captain, but on the organization of the regiment he was ch Colonel. His regiment retained its organization till the close of the war, but was never called into active service. In the winter of L864 -*»',;> he attended Starling Medical College, Columbus, < >bio, from which he graduated Feb. '26, 1865. He has been a member of the City Council of Xelsonville three years, of the School Board two years, and President of the Athens County Medical Society five years. He is a Master Mason and member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157; also a member of Phil Kearney Post. Xo. 3^. <'• HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 477 \. IJ. Id April, 1852, he married Jane Harbaugli, of Old Straits- ville. They have five children — Hester A., now Mrs. S. W. Jones, of Kingston, Ohio; Sarah A., now Mrs. W. N. Alderman; Binniu L., now Mrs. F. J. Hill; Loving and Blanch H. They have lost two children — Kittie Greenwood, died in July, 1862. aged six months, and Adie C, died July 11, 1879, aged twenty years. Dr. and Mrs. Primrose are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. June 16, 1883, the Doctor received the nomination of the Repub- lican party for Representative to the State Legislature. John Raine was born in Stanhope, county of Durham, England, Dec. 22, 1813, a son of George and Elizabeth (Brown) Raine. When he was thirteen years of age he went to work in the lead mines with his father, but soon after his father died. His mother died in 1835. He remained in the lead mines till 1838 and then went into the coal mines, remaining there till 1814, when he embarked for the United States, landing in New York, May 24. He came to Nelsonville aud was first employed in the coal mines of J. F. Sommers, remaining with him three years. He was then em- ployed by the late L. D. Poston eighteen years. Since 1865 he has worked for W. B. Brooks & Son, and though seventy years of age, still retains much of his youthful vigor, and enjoys life better when at, work than when idle. April 9, 1844, on the eve of his departure for America, he married Miss Eliza Taylor, who is still living, hav- ing shared all the changing vicissitudes of a Western home with her husband. They have no children. They are members of the Methodist church, of Nelsonville, Mr. Raine having been Trustee, Steward and Treasurer. James B. Rose was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, Dec 25, 1856. He was reared on a farm, and received his education in the common schools of his native county. He remained with his par- ents until he reached his majority, after which he engaged as a fire- man on a locomotive for the C. & H. V. R. R. He afterward went to Straitsville, Ohio, where he was employed by a mining company as clerk in their store. In the fall of 1880 he came to Buchteh and entered the employ of the Akron Iron Company, as salesman in their mercantile establishment, having charge of the dry -goods department. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Lodge No. E 1. Straitsville, Ohio. Curtis William Russell, blacksmith, Nelsonville, was born in Middleport, Meigs Co., Ohio, Oct. 3, 1849, where he lived until twenty years of age. He is the son of Benjamin Franklin and Jane 4:78 HISTORI OF booking valley. (McNeil) Russell. He was given a common-school education. At the age of sixteen, in the fall of 1864, he became apprenticed to John Rightuyse, at Rutland Corners, to learn the blacksmith's trade, serving three years. He then came to Nelsonville, and has since been employed in the blacksmith shop o\' W. 13. Brooks & Son, coal operators. June 2i\ 1S73, he was married to Caroline Woltz, of Hocking County. They have two children — Lena May and Jennie Maud. They lost one — Luella J., who died Oct. 1, ls74, at the age of eighteen months. Mr. and Mis. Russell are members of the Christian church oi' Nelsonville, of which he is now a Deacon. lie is an Odd Fellow, and a member of Unity Lodge, No. 568, and Mineral Encampment, No. L21, at Nelsonville, and served as War- den in the subordinate lodge. WiUia/m T. Sdhasffer was born in Dayton, Ohio, June 6, 1850. His youth was spent in attending school, living with his parents until manhood. He received his early education in the schools of Dayton; afterward he attended the Miami Commercial College, taking a thorough course, after which he engaged as bookkeeper for his father, Thomas Schaeffer, broker and banker at Dayton, for about three years. In IS 70 he came to Nelson ville, and engaged with T. Longstreth as clerk, and May 23, 1 vs l\ he was promoted to the position of manager of the store, which position he still occu- pies. He was married , May 23, l s 7_, to Miss Addie J. Balser, a native of Piqua, Ohio, born Aug. 31, 1S51. They have had four children, two now living — Oliver T., born Aug. 5, 1873, and Mary C, born July 30, 1S7S. Maud, born Feb. 28, L875, died March 6, L875; Klsie May. born April 9, L880, died July 27, 1880. Charles Ellsworth Scha['r\ son of Isaac and Angelina N. (Cleaves) Schaff, was born Feb. 4, 1853, in Kirkersville, Licking Co., Ohio. When ow year old his parents moved to Grafton. W. Ya.. where they lived some time, and then moved to Xewburgh, W. \"a. "When cur subject was twelve years of age, they returned to Ohio, and settled at Uhrichsville, in Tuscarawas County, and in 1871 they went to Columbus, Ohio. Mr. Ellsworth was educated in the schools of Newburgh, W. Va.,and graduated from the High School of that place in 1869. In that year he was employed as brakesman on the P., 0. & St. L. R. R., and in 1872 became a fireman on the 0. & II. V. K. R. until (.874. In that year he became baggage- master and express messenger on the same road, which position he held till August, 1876, when lie became conductor, and in 1882 assumed his present position as yard master at Nelsonville for the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLET. 479 Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad. He was married Dec. 31, 1878, to MissLeila Belle, daughter of George White, Jr., of Colum- bus. They have been blessed with one child, Howard E. Mr. Ellsworth is a Master, Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason, of Magnolia Lodge, No. 20, of Columbus; Logan Chapter, No. 75, at Logan, and Athens Commandery, No. 15, at Athens. lie is a member of Court Forest. Xo. 12. United Order of Foresters at Columbus, of which he is Past Chief Ranger. Isaac M. Schaff was burn near Newark, Licking Co.. Ohio, July 18, 1834, a son of John and Charlotte (Hartzill) Schaff. lie was reared a farmer, following that avocation till twenty-two y< of age. In 185G he was employed in the machine shops of the old S. & I. Railway, now the Fan Handle Load, at Newark, and the following year went on the B. & O. R. R. as brakeman, and tour months later was promoted to conductor, running from Wheel- ing, Va., to Harper's Ferry. He retained that position from August, 1857, till September, 1865. After the war, in 1865, he returned to Ohio and was employed by the Pan Handle Road as freight conductor, remaining with them till 1872. He ran the second train that went into Pittsburg on that road. Since Novem- ber. 1872, he has been conductor on the C .. H. Y. & T. R. R. He has never had any accident on his train and can look back over a period of a quarter of a century spent as conductor with the sat- isfaction that no one has been injured through any fault of his. He has never been discharged or suspended for misdemeanors, but his changes have been of his own making. Aug. 29, 1854, he married Angeline Cleaves, of Winchester, Ohio. They have nine children— Charles E., yard master of the C, II. V. 6c T. R. R. ; Flora, wife of T. C. Calvin, conductor on theC, EL V. .V. T. R. R.; Ella, wife of C. II. Myers; D. F., bookkeeper tor Croft's Iron Company, Greendale, Ohio; D. M., baggage clerk at Nelsonville, for the ('.. II. V. & T. R. R. ; Hattie, Franklin, Mary and Harry. George Van Sickle Shafer, merchant, of Neisonville, is the son of David and Margaret (Sidders) Shafer, and was born near Wilford,N. J.. Feb. 19, 1839. When eleven years of age he came with Ids parents to Ohio, settling in A-thens Township, Athens County, where he lived with them until manhood. At the'age of thirteen he was afflicted with inflammatory rheumatism, caused by bathing in the early spring, and was for seven years al- most a helpless cripple. He was restored to health by being placed under the treatment of Dr. W. P. Johnson. #ien of Athens, and ISO HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. while being treated by him through his kindness he was enabled to attend the Ohio University, thereby receiving a good business education. At the age of twenty-two he had so recovered that he was employed as a clerk in the store of Isaac Silves, of Athens, six months, when he was employed in the same capacity by D. Zenner & Co., of the same place, with whom he remained three years. In 1S65 he went to Salina, Athens County, and engaged in keeping a saloon until 1S67, when, having lost all he had saved while clerking, by the assistance of friends he engaged in the grocery business at the same place. In 1878 he removed to Nelson ville, where he is now carrying on a general mercantile business, and besides his res- idence and business house in Nelsonville he also owns a small farm in the vicinity of Salina. In December, 1869, he was married to Mary M. Shoemaker, of Meigs County, Ohio. They have six children — Edward, Eva May, Lnella, Harvey H., Dow Frost, and Clinton Davis. Himself and wife are members of the Christian church of Nelsonville, of which he is a Deacon. He is an Odd Fellow and belongs to the lodge and encampment at Nelsonville. Burton B. Sheffield, Floodwood, was born on Block Island, R. L, Feb. 7, 1829, and came to Athens County with his parents in the fall of 1836, and settled on Floodwood Creek, in York Town- ship. He was brought up on the old homestead and educated in the Ohio University at Athens, graduating from that institution June 17, 1S58, and delivering the valedictory address. While attend- ing college Mr. Sheffield taught at intervals to obtain means with which to defray his college expenses, and thus educated himself. Prior to entering college he worked in the coal mine at Salina for two years. The autumn after graduating he took charge of the Collegiate Institute at New Vienna, Ohio; but on account of his eyes was obliged to abandon all literary pursuits. Mr. Sheffield engaged for several years in the saw-mill business, but is at present engaged in general merchandising, also operating extensively in coal at Floodwood. His bank produces some of the best coal in the Hocking Valley. He owns 700 acres of valuable land, mostly mineral, though part of it is well adapted to farming and stock- raising. He resides on river lot 613, Floodwood, on the same spot that his father settled in 1836. In June, 1861, he married Seviah, daughter of Hosea Guernsey. She was born at Woodstock,. Canada, June 10, 1813. They have had six children — Genevra, Homer, Clara, Burton B., Stella S. and Frances May. Joshua Sheffield, father of the above, was also born on Block Island, ami HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 481 came to this county in 1836, where he died in 1861, at the age of fifty-seven years. He married Nancy Briggs. They had seven children, six living — Burton B., Nathaniel B., Benjamin F., Joshua, Almira (now Mrs. Hosea Guernsey of Kansas), and Hannah A. Nathaniel married Alvira Guernsey (now deceased). Mr. Shef- field's grandmother, Mrs. Huldah Briggs, died in 1880, at the age of ninety-nine years. Jerome S. Shepard, druggist, Nelsonville, was born near McCon- nelsville, Ohio, Feb. 16, 1849, a son of Aaron H. and Elizabeth J. (Powell) Shepard. When six or seven years old he came with his parents to Nelsonville, where he was educated in the High School. In 1863, when only fourteen years of age, he enlisted in Com- pany K, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, under Cap- tain John Hull, to serve as a musician, but by order of the War Department disallowing men to be mustered in as musicians, he returned home, after being out with the regiment some four months. He enlisted again in 1864, in Company G, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and was sworn in, but the mustering officer at Ma- rietta rejected him on account of his youth. He then returned to Nelsonville and went to work in the mines. In the spring of 1871 he went to Kansas and stopped with an uncle near Columbus, Cherokee County, until the following fall, when he returned to Nelsonville, and in the spring of 1872 became established in the drug business. Nov. 10, 1878, he married H. Addie Lewis, daugh- ter of Moses Lewis, of Nelsonville. They have three children — William Perley, Jerome Blaine and Laura Bernice, twins. Mr. Shepard is a member of the Christian and his wife of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M., of Nelsonville. William P. Shepard, junior member of the firm of Carnes & Shepard, merchants, Nelsonville, was born near McConnelsville, Morgan Co., Ohio, May 8, 1847, a son of Aaron and Elizabeth (Powell) Shepard. When he was seven years of age his parents came to Nelsonville where he was reared, receiving his educa- tion in the public schools. In 1868 he enlisted in Company G, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and served till the close of the war, being mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 25, 1865. Although a mere youth he followed the regiment in all its numerous engagements. At Nashville the regiment went into battle with 200 men and had seventy-five men killed. After his discharge he returned to Nel- sonville, and in 1868 took a course at Duff's Commercial College, 81 482 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Pittsburg. In the fall of 1871 he formed his present partnership with A. H. Carries in the mercantile business. In April, 1882, he was elected a member of the City Council of Nelsonville, still re- taining that position. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity; is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, Nelsonville, and has been Secretary four years and Junior Warden one year of Logan Chapter, No. 75, and of Athens Commandery, No. 15, being Sword-bearer in the latter. He is also a member of Phil Kearney Post, No. 38, G. A. R. March 21, 1869, Mr. Shepard married Sarah L., daugh- ter of A. H. Carnes. They have four children — Charles J., Grace G., Frank S. and Florence E. James Sheppard was born near Halifax, Yorkshire Co., Eng- land, in 1S17. He came to this country in 1811. He located at "West Point, N.Y.,and was engaged as a master workman in making the pipes for, and laying the foundation of, the Croton River water- works. He worked on them two years, until they were completed. He was married in 1S41 to Miss Margaret Taylor, who was also born in England, near Manchester, in 1S19: she came to this country in 1839, and settled near Poughkeepsie, N. Y. They removed to Nelsonville, Athens County, in 1850, and bought property and started an iron foundry. He carried on an able and successful business until his death, in 1862. He left a wife and two children — Thomas and Ellen. Thomas Sheppard, Superintendent of the coal works, Buchtel Coal and Iron Company, Floodwood, was born near West Point, N. Y., April 14, 1842, a son of James and Margaret (Taylor) Sheppard. He came to Nelsonville with his parents in 1850 and was here reared and educated. When he was fourteen years of age he began to work in his father's foundry, remaining there two years, and then worked for L. D. Poston two years. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, for three years. Six months after enlistment he was promoted to Duty Ser- geant and served as Ensign during his term of service. lie par- ticipated in the battles of Stone River, Davis Cross Roads, Chick- amauga and Mission Ridge. He was mustered out of service in the fall of 1864, and returned to Nelsonville and entered the employ of W. B. Brooks, remaining with him till 1873, when he was given the charge of the New York & Ohio Coal Works, in the vicinity of Nelsonville. In 1875 he was employed by Poston & Pendleton as overseer of their mines, and remained with them till 18S1, when, in August, he accepted his present position. Jan. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 483 1, 1866, he married Maria, daughter of C. R. Smith, of Chauncey, Ohio. They have four children — Margaret Ellen, James Taylor, Gertrude Esther and Charles Grosvenor. Mr. Sheppard is a mem- ber of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 330, I. O. O. F., and of Phil Kearney Post, No. 38, G. A. R. Andrew Jackson Shrader, M. Z>., Nelsonville, was born near Ply- mouth, Washington Co., Ohio, March 7, 1821, where he was reared. He was educated in the school of Amos Miller, in Athens County. He is the son of Philip and Catherine (Montgomery) Shrader, with whom he lived until manhood. He began the study of medicine under Dr. Gilbert, in 1816, finishing his study with Dv. Jacob Myers, of Plymouth, in 1851. He took one course of lectures at Cleveland Medical College, in 1850-'51. He began his practice at Lancaster, Ohio, in 1851, where he remained thirteen years. In 1861 he removed to Logan, where with his medical practice lie also practiced law, until the spring of 1868, when he came to Nelson- ville, where he has since practiced both medicine and law. In 1871 he was elected Mayor of Nelsonville, serving two years. Nov. 28, 1811, he was married to Sarah Blair, of Belpre, Washington Co., Ohio. They have five children — Jane, wife of Isaac N. Coakley, of Knoxville, 111.; Catherine wife of J. B. Doughty, of Chauncey, Ohio; Susan, wife of Robert Beattie, of Nelsonville; Eliud, of Hock- ing County, Ohio, and Sarah, wife of Chas. S. Newton, of Hock- ing County. Joseph Slater, a silent partner of the firm of Johnson Brothers & Patterson, coal operators, of Nelsonville, was born in Stafford- shire, near Birmingham, England, Jan. 10, 1851. His father, Jo- seph Slater, dying some three months before his birth, he was reared by his grandfather until he was eighteen years of age. His mother, Mrs. Ann Slater, afterward married Thomas Johnson, and is the mother of Thomas, Charles and Edward Johnson, his half- brothers, with whom he is now associated. Lie never had any ed- ucational advantages, but educated himself so as to be able to do business. At the age of eighteen, in June, 1860, lie emigrated to the United States, arriving in New York in July. He then went to Dennison, Summit County, Ohio, where he was employed as a coal-miner until January, 1870. He afterward worked in the Po- tomac coal mine in Maryland, and in the blast furnaces of the North Chicago Rolling Mills, of Chicago, 111., until the great fire of 1871, when he came to Nelsonville and was employed in the coal mines of W. B. Brooks & Son. In 1873 he went to England on a 484 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. visit, returning in 1874, when he was again employed in the same coal mines until September, 1879, when he leased coal land and began to operate in coal-mining. In June, 1880, his half-brothers, Charles, Thomas and Edward Johnson, became associated with him as Johnson Brothers, and in July, 1881, David Patterson, of Co- lumbus, became associated with them under the firm name of Johnson Brothers & Patterson, when they began a more extensive business. Nov. 17, 1875, he was married to Miss Barbara A. Coul- ter, of Nelsonville, by whom he has three children — Clarence C, Edward Earl and Gertrude Nellie. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a Master Mason and member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, of Nelsonville. Joseph Smith, grocer, Nelsonville, was born in Bradford, York- shire, England, Sept. 7, 1848, a son of Peter and Mary (Blackburn) Smith. When he was six months old his parents came to the United States, landing in New York, where they remained about a year, and then came to Nelsonville, where he was reared and ed- ucated. When he was nine years of age he went to work with his father in the coal mine of M. M. Butt and J. Smith. He after- ward worked in the mines and attended school alternately till six- teen years of age. He then was employed by W. B. Brooks till 1873, and from that time till 1882 engaged in different kinds of business with varied success. In the latter year he became estab- lished in his present business. In January, 1881, he was appointed Constable of York Township. Nov. 18, 1869, he married Mary Coulter, of Logan, Hocking County. They have five children — Jessie A., William A., Florence A., Joseph L. and Mary II. Mr. Smith is a member of York Lodge, No. 75, K. of P., of which he is Past Chancellor. In 1875 he represented his lodge in the Grand Lodge of Ohio, at Cleveland. He is also an Odd Fellow, a mem- ber of Unity Lodge, No. 568, and of Nelsonville Encampment, No. 121, of which he is Past Worthy Patriarch. George Snoioden was born in County Durham, England, May 25, 1839. His father was killed when our subject was an infant by the explosion of a mine. In 1S49 his mother came to the United States and located in Meigs County, Ohio, where he lived until 1856, when he went to Peoria County, 111., and remained until the breaking out of the late civil war. April 16, 1861, he enlisted in the three months' service, but there being a mistake in the mus- tering papers he only served seven weeks, when he returned to Meigs County, Ohio, and soon after joined Captain William R. .- ^^^fe nni Xyi^C^^ HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 485 Brown's corps, Company E, Fourth Virginia Regiment, and was detailed by General Garfield as a scout, serving in that capacity until the fall of 1862, when he was detailed to drill the officers of the Thirteenth Virginia Regiment, and there received a commis- sion as Second Lieutenant. He afterward acted as spy in the Rebel General Jenkins's camp for a time, after which he took com- mand of the scouts until Sept. 19, 1863, when he was severely injured by the falling of a horse, which disabled him from active duty for a time. July 16, 1864, he entered General McCausland's camp in rebel uniform and gathered some valuable information, but received a severe wound from which he has never recovered. After the close of the war he went to Illinois, and accepted the po- sition as superintendent of two large mines, which he held for seven years. In 1876 he returned to Athens County, where he has since resided. He was married Oct. 12, 1865, to Miss Ellen Thomp- son, of Middleport, Ohio. They have seven children — Annie L., John G. and Mary C. (twins), Ellen M., Ladie J., William T. and Sadie B. Mr. Snowden is a member of Tom Dew Post, No. 1,516, G. A. R., and the Odd Fellows Lodge, No. 242, Pomeroy. Smith Spencer was born in Burnley, Lancashire, England, March 22, 1825, a son of Henry and Maria (Smith) Spencer. He received but a meager education in his native town, his father dying when he was an infant. When a very small boy he began to work in the cotton factory. He worked in the different depart- ments of a cotton-cloth manufactory till 1852, when he came to the United States, arriving in New York, June 9 of that year. He located in Tamaqna, Pa., where he worked in a blacksmith's shop a year. In June, 1854, he came to Nelsonville and worked for Joseph H. Thompson till 1856. From that time till 1873 he worked for the late L. D. Poston. He then became a member of the Nelsonville Coal Mining Company. Two years later, in 1875, he went to Monday Creek Furnace, woiking there about a year. He then worked in the Bessemer mines, and the mines of W. B. Brooks & Son, till December, 18S0, when he retired from active business, and is now living quietly in Nelsonville, enjoying the fruits of a 'well-spent business life. March 22, 1845, he married Susannah Clagg, daughter of Joseph and Jane (Etching) Clagg, ol Calne, England. They have seven children — Henry, a druggist of Straitsville, Ohio; Jane, wife of James Winchett, of Athens County; Maria, wife of Clarence Swackhammer, of Nelsonville; Joshua, John, Ella, wife of William Bates, of Nelsonville, and 486 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Ama, at home. Mr. Spencer is a member of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, and Nelson ville Encampment, No. 121, I. O. O. F., and is Past Grand and Past Worthy Chiet. Kossuth Tinker, M. D., of Nelsonville, was born in Trimble, Athens Co., Ohio, Feb. 6, 1855. He is the son of Solomon H. and Angeline (Campbell) Tinker, with whom he lived until manhood, and was given a common-school education. In 1874 he began the study of medicine under Drs. Shepard & Dew, at Nel- sonville, studying with them three years. He graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati, Feb. 28, 1877. He then located in Albany, Athens County, and began the practice of med- icine, remaining there until February, 1880, when he came to Nel- sonville and established himself in his present practice by be- coming associated with Dr. W. E. W. Shepard, Tinker remaining with him until December, ^1882. Oct. 12, 1882, he married Anna Golden Stead man, of Athens. He is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M., of Nelsonville. James Alpheus Tobin, attorney at law, and Mayor of Nelson- ville, was born at Bremen, Fairfield Co., Ohio. When about four years old he removed with his parents, Elijah and Julia (Williams) Tobin, to Lancaster, Ohio. He lived with them until he was six- teen, educating himself principally by private study. He was thrown on his own resources at sixteen, and maintained himself by working on a farm, and afterward as a stone-cutter. In 1875 he began to teach school, and while teaching to study law under the preceptorship of Hite ifc Dolson, of Lancaster. He was ad- mitted to the bar by the Supreme Court at Columbus, June 30, 1880. He then came to Nelsonville and established himself in his present practice. He served as Township Clerk of Hocking Town- ship, Fairfield County, from 1878 to 1880, resigning when he came to Nelsonville. In the spring of 1882 he was elected Mayor of Nelsonville for a term of two years. Feb. 1, 1881, he married Miss Ella S. Graybill, of Lancaster. They have one child — Le- land. William Harrison Vorhes, of the firm of Vorhes & Crane, con- tractors, builders and brickmakers, of Nelsonville, was born in Somerset, Perry Co., Ohio, June 24, 1840. He removed with his parents, [saiah and Nancy (Hughes) Vorhes, to Hocking County in 1850, where he lived until he was twenty-three years of age. His father being a contractor and brick maker, he was brought up to that business. In Im'iI he began for himself by working fur Samue HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 487 Boardman, as a sawyer in his mill near Logan, and was so em- ployed until 1866, when he removed to Nelsonville, where he en- gaged in mining coal in the mine of W. B. Brooks until 1872. In 1872 he engaged in manufacturing brick at Nelsonville, and also as a contractor for mason work and plastering. In 1876 Elliott Gard- ner became associated with him, under the firm name of Vorhes & Gardner. In 1878 J. W. Crane succeeded Mr. Gardner, changing the firm to Vorhes & Crane. Mr. Vorhes, either alone or in com- pany with others,has built the walls of a majority of the substantial residences, public and business buildings, machine shops and foun- dries of Nelsonville and vicinity; among them the Opera House building, Dew Hotel, Methodist Episcopal church, Akron Iron Fur- nace. April 16, 1861:, he was married to Miss Frances Stacy, ot Hocking County. They have five children — Wesley, Flora, Ver- non Harrison, Charles and Nancy. Mr. Vorhes is a Mason, and an Odd Fellow, and a member of the lodges at Nelsonville. John Shaw Wallace, machinist, in the employ of W. B. Brooks & Son, coal operators of Nelsonville, was born at Coatbridge, Lan- arkshire, Scotland, May 16, 1852, where he was reared, and was educated in Gartsherrie Academy, at Coatbridge. He is the son of William and Jane (Shaw) Wallace. His mother dying when he was seven years old, he was taken by his grandparents, with whom he lived until manhood; when he was thirteen he began to act as an engineer on a small boat, on the Forth & Clyde Canal. He was thus employed four years, when, in 1869, he became a fireman on the North British R. R., and eighteen months later was promoted to locomotive engineer. In May, 1873, he came to the United States, and located at Laurel Hill, Athens Co., Ohio ; was variously em- ployed about the mines of the Laurel Hill Coal Company for two years, when, in the summer of 1875, he came to Nelsonville, and was appointed locomotive engineer in the coal mines of T. Long- streth. In 1877 he was given the position of mining machinist for the same company. In the summer of 1880 he returned to Nelson- ville and was employed as mine machinist of W. B. Brooks & Son. In 1875 he invented a valve indicator for steam engines, which is now extensively in use. In 1881 he invented an automatic water elevator, which he had patented in August, 18S2. In the latter part of 1882 W. B. Brooks, Jr., became associated with him and formed the Wallace Automatic Water Elevator Company of Nel- sonville, and they are fast introducing their elevators and bringing them into use in pumping water from mines. Jan. 7, 1872, he 488 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. was married to Miss Barbara Macauly, of Coatbridge, Scotland. They have five children — William, Jeanetta, Alvin, Sylvia and John. They have lost one, Alexander, who died in 1877, aged nearly three years. Mr. Wallace is a member of the Odd Fellows lodge, at Haydenville, Ohio, and of the Knights of Pythias lodge at Nelsonville, of which he is Past Chancellor commander. Albert Watson, born in Morgan County, Ohio, March, 1855, is a son of William and Henrietta (Anderson) Watson. When he was eight years of age he came with his father's family to Athens County, where he has since resided. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools. When he was six- teen years of age he commenced to learn telegraphy, and worke for the C. & H. V. R. R. until the fall of 1879, when he came to Buchtel and was employed as salesman in the store of the Akron Iron Company, where he has since been engaged. By attending faithfully to his duties he has been promoted, and is now purchas- ing agent for the largest mercantile establishment in the Hocking Valley. He was married Dec. 16, 1882, to Miss Alice Mankopf, a native of Athens County. John Forbes Welch, son of Kobert and Nancy (Perry) Welch, was born in Dresden, Muskingum Co., Ohio, Sept. 30, 1837. His mother died when he was nine years of age, and he was then thrown on his own resources. He made his home with a married sister till thirteen years of age, and in April, 1850, came to Nel- sonville, walking from Windsor, Ashtabula County. He arrived here in the night, a tired boy and an entire stranger in the city. He soon found employment, and by his earnings supported him- self and attended school during the winter months, thus acquiring a good education. At the age of fifteen he began to learn the car- penter's trade with J. C. Barron, remaining with him three years. He then, with Joseph Bates, purchased a canal boat on the Hock- ing Valley & Ohio Canal, and followed boating till 1857, when, as a result of the financial panic, they lost all they had made and found themselves in debt. He began anew, resuming his trade, and in 1858 paid his indebtedness of $1S0. In July, 1861, he en- listed in Company C, Thirty-ninth Ohio Infantry, and was elected First Lieutenant of his company. In 1862 he resigned his po- sition and was commissioned First Lieutenant of Company K, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry. Tn 1861 he was promoted to Captain of Company B, same regiment, and served till the close of the war, being mustered out at Camp Dennison, Ohio, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 489 June, 1865. He was in the battles of New Madrid, Pittsburg Landing, Winchester, all the battles of the Shenandoah Valley, the siege and fall of Richmond, and was present at the surrender of Lee at Appomattox Court-House. In 1866 he formed a partner- ship with J. "A. Mintun in the grocery and provision business. In 1868 he retired from the firm, and in the spring of that year be- came associated with B. C. Lefever in contracting and building. In 1870 he abandoned the carpenter's trade, and with Captain C. A. Cable, William Comstock and Edward Pendleton formed the Hocking Valley Stave and Lumber Company, of which he was Su- perintendent. In 1873 the company dissolved, and Mr. Welch spec- ulated in real estate till 1874, when he and A. Poston, W. W. Poston and C arles Bobbins formed the Nelsonville Mining Company, of which he is President and Superintendent. In 1880 he with C. P. L. Butle, S. W. Pickering, W. H. Jennings, R. L. Doty, Robert Sheldon and George Hardy formed the Nelsonville Coal and Coke Company. He served as Superintendent till August, 1882, and is now one of the Directors. In the spring of 1882 he became a member and director of the Nelsonville Planing Mill Company. From 1866 till 1871 he was Postmaster of Nelsonville. He has been Marshal, Councilman, Mayor and a member of the School Board of Nelsonville, several terms each. In 1871 he was elected one of the Commissioners of Athens County, serving two terms of three years each. Sept. 11, 1859, he married Sarah A., daughter of Judge Thos. L. Mintun. They have five children — Allie M., wife of L. D. Lampman; Ellen L., Charles E., Lelia A. and Harry R. One son, John W., died Oct. 1, 1871, aged three years. Mr. and Mrs. Welch are members of the Presbyterian church. lie is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M.; Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, I. O. O. F., and Phil Kear- ney Post, No. 38, G. A. R. Albert II Wells, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Athens County, Ohio, March IS, 1847, the youngest son of Samuel J. Wells. He lived with his parents till manhood, attending and after- ward teaching school in Athens County. In 1868 he went to Mis- souri and remained a year, returning again to Athens County, Sept* 25, 1869. He married Electa, daughter of Thomas M. Boyles. They have one son — Samuel J. Mr. Wells is a member of Nelson- ville Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M. He has held the office of Township Treasurer seven terms. 490 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Jesse W. White, farmer and stockraiser, was born in York Town- ship, Athens County, Oct. 29, 1843, a son of Joseph and Margaret (Allen) White. He was reared on a farm and educated in the com- mon schools. He enlisted Aug. 3, 1862, in Company A, Ninety- second Ohio Infantry, and participated in many hard-fought battles. Among the more prominent were : Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, the Atlanta campaign, and with Sher- man on his march to the sea, serving until the close of the war, when he was discharged, June 22, 1865,and returned to his native county. He was married March 15,1866, to Miss Angeline S. A. Wilt, a na. tive of Hocking County. They have had eight children, seven now living — Ida V., Mintor L., Emma M., Earl R., Clarence R., Rol- ley A., and Warren H. Mr. White has a farm of 285 acres of improved land under a high state of cultivation. Amos Joseph Wilson, junior partner of the firm of Wilson Brothers, was born at Wolfs Plains, Athens County, Sept. 10, 1S52. He is the youngest of the six sons of Eben and JaneC. (Matheny) Wilson, with whom he lived till he was eighteen years of age, re- ceiving his education in the district school of his native place. On leaving home, he was employed in the Brook's coal mines at Nel- sonville for two years, after which he worked at the carpenter's trade for three years. From 1875 until 1881 he was again engaged in coal-mining, after which he became associated with his brothers in the mercantile business at Nelsonville. On April 4, 1875, he mar- ried Miss Sadie.daughter of Philemon and Mary (White) Crawford, of Pennsylvania. Their children are- -Blanche Nell and Mabel Coe. He is a Knight of Pythias, of York Lodge, No. 75, of Nel- sonville. EhenWilson, son of Eben and Jane C. (Matheny) Wilson, was born at Wolf's Plains, Athens County, June 17, 1849. When twelve years of age, he went to Athens and began to learn the trade of printing in the office of the Messenger with Thomas Wilds, and continued with his successor, Jesse Yan Law. He then worked in the Journal office for a time, and on Sept. 20, 1869, he came to Nelsonville, and was employed in the coal mines till 1873. In the fall of 1874 he went in partnership with his brother Josiah in the boot and shoe business, which they carried on till the spring of 1878, when they engaged in general merchandising. He was mar- ried to Miss Allie Austin, of Richmond, May 5, 1881. Mr. Wilson is a Knight of Pythias, of York Lodge, No. 75, of Nelsonville, of which he is Past Chancellor. He has represented his lodge for two years in the Grand Lodge of Ohio. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 491 Jehiel Gregory Wilson, operator in coal, Nelsonville, was born at Wolf's Plains, AtheDS Co., Ohio, May 13, 1834, where he was reared. He is the eldest of six sons of Eben and Jane C. (Math- eny) Wilson, with whom he lived until he was twenty years of age, and was educated in the common school, also attending the Ohio University at Athens two years. After leaving the University, in 1856, he taught school in Athens County one year. May 10, 1857, he married Miss Jennie M. Brown, of Athens County, daughter of Ephraim Brown, of Sunday Creek, and went to Zaleski, Ohio, and engaged in dealing in lumber for a year. In 1858 he went to Flora, Clay Co., 111., and engaged in farming until 1862, when he was employed as a carpenter on the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad until 1866, when he returned to Athens County and engaged in the manufacture of wagons and carriages for twelve years. In 1878 lie located at Nelsonville, where he kept a hotel one year, when he engaged in his present business. He has five children — Ota, Lincoln, Charles, George and Leon. Himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, of Nelsonville. He has been a Class-Leader for six years and Sunday-school Super- intendent ten years. Josiah Wilson, of the mercantile firm of Wilson Brothers, of Nelson ville, was born at Wolf 's Plains, Athens Co., Ohio, Sept. 20, 1843, where he was reared and educated in the district school. He is the son of Eben and Jane C. (Matheny) Wilson, with whom he lived until he was twenty years of age, when he went to Hocking County and was employed in the Floodwood coal mines eleven years. In 1874 he came to Nelsonville and opened a boot and shoe store, and soon after his brother Eben became associated with him under the firm name of Wilson Brothers, and in 1882 Amos J., a younger brother, became a partner in the firm. Oct. 19, 1865, he was married to Miss Emma Burrell, of Nelsonville. They are the parents of two children — Harry L. and Clarence Almond. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, of Nel- sonville. He has been a member of that body for twenty-one years, and has been a Class-Leader about six years. He is a Knight of Pythias, a member of York Lodge, No. 75,. of Nelsonville. In 1878 he was elected a member of the School Board of Nelsonville, and re-elected in 1882. Joseph Wolf was born in Porter County, Ind., Jan. 1, 1836, a son of William and Mary (Matheny) Wolf. His grandfather, Chris- topher Wolf, came to Athens County in 1797 and settled on what 492 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. has long been known as Wolf's Plains, near the city of Athens. He was prominently identified with the early settlement of Athens County. Our subject was brought by his parents to Athens County when an infant, and lived here till six years of age. His par- ents then removed to Hocking County where he was reared and educated. Upon reaching his majority he bought the farm where he now resides, in York Township. He is one of the most success- ful farmers of the township, his farm showing that a man of superior judgment and skillful management is at its head. In con- nection with farming he has been extensively engaged in the manu- facture of lumber, and for five years was superintendent of the coal mines at Old Floodwood. Mr. Wolf is a practical business man, and through his own industry has accumulated his large property. He has 600 acres of fine land, valuable both for agriculture and min- eral resources. His home is beautifully located in the heart of the Hocking Vallej' coal regions. His residence, situated in the valley, surrounded by natural shade and ornamental trees, his com- modious stables and farm buildings, indicate the thrifty farmer. Nov. 15, 1S57, Mr. Wolf married Sarah N., daughter of James Rodgers, who was prominently identified with the early settlement of Hocking Valley. Twelve children have been born to them, eleven still living — Frank L., Eugene O., Charles J., Sylvester E., Liz- zie B., James W., Dora M., Homer V., Minnie F., Nellie B., Mer- tie A. Cora A. died in infancy. Mr. Wolf is giving his children the advantage of a good practical education. He is a public spir- ited man and subscribes liberally to all laudable enterprises that benefit and interest his township. He and his wife have been mem- bers of the Methodist church twenty-eight years and take an inter- est in all that pertains to their church. Mr. AVolf is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M., and Hockhocking Lodge, No. 339, I. O. O. F. William S. Wbllett, son of Peter and Ann Eliza (Davis) Wol- lett, was born March 2, 1846, in York Township. His parents came from Bedford County, Pa., in 1832, and located in Athens Township, Athens Co., Ohio. In 1844 they came to York Township, where William S. was reared and educated. He en- listed Aug. 2, 1862, in Company A, Ninety-second Ohio Infantry. He remained in West Virginia till the spring of 1863 and then joined the Army of the Cumberland and participated in many hard- fought battles, among them Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Atlanta, and was with Sherman to the sea. He was HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 493 mustered out June 22, 1865, and returned to Athens County. He soon after took a trip through the Western States, returning in May, 1867, when he purchased the farm where he has since resided. He has 167 acres of good land and one of the finest orchards in the township. He was married April 18, 1868, to Lucinda J. Haines, of Athens County. They are the parents of one child which died March 6, 1869. Mr. and Mrs. Wollett are members of the Chris- tian church. He is a member of Philodorean Lodge, No. 157, A. F. & A. M., and Hockhocking Lodge, No. 399, I. O. O. F. Lewis Clinton Woodard, a clerk with Parker & McGill, of Nel- sonville, was born in Starr Township, Hocking County, April 27, 1851. He is the fourth of five sons of Ichabod and Eleanor (Nel- son) Woodard, his mother being a daughter of Daniel Nelson, the founder of Nelsonville. He first attended the district school of the township, after which he went to Union High School at Lo- gan, completing his education at the Ohio University at Athens. He began to teach in 1871, and taught in several schools in Hocking County, until 1881, when he came to Nelsonville and engaged in butchering, continuing in that business till the spring of 1883. He then accepted his present position. He was married April 26, 1881, to Miss Jennie Gilliam, of Nelsonville, and both are members of the Methodist Episcopal church of that place. W. N. Woodard was born in Starr Township, Sept. 29, 1811. He is a son of Ichabod and Eleanor Woodard. He is a grandson of Daniel Nelson, the founder of Nelsonville, and one of the early settlers and old pioneers of this county, who died about 1835 or 1836. Ichabod Woodard died on his farm in Starr Township, March 16, 1868. Mr. Woodard received a common education in the public schools of his township. He enlisted July 25, 1862, at the age of twenty-one years, in Company E, Ninetieth Ohio In- fantry, and was in several battles of importance, under General Sherman. March 25, 1875, he was married to Violet Smith, a daughter of John and Sarah Smith, of Moundsville, W. Ya. They are the parents of four children, three of which are living — Estella V., Lulu and Clyde B. John C. died when he was about six weeks old. CHAPTER XVIII. AMES TOWNSHIP — A TOWNSHIP THAT HAD A HISTORY TO RECORD. Thb Arrival of the Palefaces — Who They Were — The Area in 1805 — Squirrel and Crow Scalps — A Few Items — Religious Whisky — Population — Area and Production — Boundary and Valuation — Western Library Association — Its History — Township Officers — 1802 to 18S3 — Amesville — Somewhat Historic — When Founded — Growth and Business Interests — Postoffice — Academy — Presbyterian Church — Methodist Church — Biographical. old settlers. The first visit to Ames Township was in the spring of 1797, by Lieutenant Geo. Ewing and Judge Ephraim Cutler; and their second visit in the fall of the same year, Captain Brown accom- panying them. In the following spring Lieutenant Ewing located the first farm or residence in the township, which was on the 1st of March, 1798, followed by Judge Cutler and Captain Benjamin Brown. These were the first three, but Ewing located first, and that farm is now known as the Tom Gardner farm. Judge Cutler settled on his place in 1799 and Win. P. Cutler owns the homestead. Captain Brown settled at the same time, and his farm is now the Daniel Fleming farm. Just how many came the next few years is hard to tell, but when Ames Township was organized in 1802, the following were citizens ot the township but widely located: Sam- uel Brown, Nathan Woodberrv, Svlvanus Ames, Christopher Ilerrold, Jonathan Swett, Daniel Weethee, Josiah True, Daniel Converse, Ambrose Evarts, Benjamin L. Brown, Joseph Pugsley, Alvin Bingham, Benjamin Brown, John Brown, Joshua Wyatt, Jacob Boyles, Edmund Dorr, Win. Brown, Silas Dean, Azel John- son, George Wolf, Noah Linscott. Kdmund Neal, Solomon Tuttle, Oheniel Tuttle. Jonathan Swett, Jr., Stephen Swett, David Boyles, Ezra Green, Jason Rice, John Brown, Jr., Isaac Stephens. In 1804 the following were residents: Hosea Neal, Samuel McCune, John McCune, Wm. Green, Nehemiah Davis, Xehemiah Davis, (494) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 495 Jr., Moses Kay, Abel Glazier, Moses Everett, Thomas M. Hamil- ton, Upton Farmer, Frederic Fought. There were others who were residents of the township as then formed, but they were too widely scattered to be named. Ames Township then comprised not only its present limits as well as the whole north tier of townships in the county, but it had within its limits the present townships of Ward, Green and Starr, now in Hocking County; Marion and Homer townships, in Morgan County. The following townships were taken from Ames in this county, viz.: York, Trimble, Dover and Bern. Its boundary was then described as follows: " Beginning at the northeast corner of the county, thence running west to the northwest corner of said county; thence south to the southwest corner of said township 12, range 16; thence east to the southeast corner of township 7, range 12; thence north to the place of beginning." This was a territory but a trifle less in extent than the present area of the whole county of Athens, but was rapidly lessened on the organization of Hock- ing County, Jan. 3, 1818, and Morgan County, March 1, 1818, which was then followed by the reorganization of township, when, in about 1851, after Vinton County had been organized, Athens County had been reduced to her present size. The first meeting of the Township Board of Trustees was June 1, 1802, at the house of Sylvanus Ames; in 1803 the next annual meeting, on March 7, was at the house of John Swett, and from this time up to the year 1812 the meetings were held at the house of Christopher Herrold. Quite an influx of settlers came in the following years, and in 1805 to 1809 these old-time settlers made their home in the town- ship, to-wit: Reuben Hurlbut, Reuben I. Davis, Samuel Beau- mont, Joseph Fuller, Samuel Lewis, John Mansfield, Joseph Ballard, Robert Palmer, Zebulon Griffin, Silas Dean, Jonathan Watkense, Jacob Haysenton, David Rathbern, Luther Danielson, William Beckerstaff, Abner Connett, John Wright, Henry John- son, Joseph Linscott, Amos Linscott, Samuel Mansfield, Jr., Jere- miah Cass, William H. Hasse and Uriah Tippy. In 1807 the trustees decided to give a premium on squirrel and crow scalps, shot between the first day of February and the first day of Jul}", to be three cents for squirrels and six cents for crows if shot within, as was worded, " two miles of a plantation." These had become a pest to the growing corn, and it was proposed to lessen their number. 496 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. SOME ITEMS. The first road-tax was levied in 1805, and it was the same amount as the county tax. They could pay the cash, or they had the privilege of working it out on the road at 75 cents per day and board themselves. The first white child born in Ames Township, or in Athens County, was Margaret Strang, daughter of a Judge Strong, and the birth of this child is given as 1797. There is evidently a slight mistake of date here. Ames Township was not settled, so far as known, until 1798, although Cutler and Ewing visited it in 1797. The date is probably 1799, for up to January of that year there were only three or four families in the township. Two weeks later Judge Gustavus A. Evarts, a son of Ambrose Evarts, was born, and he was the first white male child born in the town- ship or county. At his birth there were but seven families, and Mr. Evarts's was one of them, then in the township. The name of Judge Strong was not among the early settlers. It is therefore impossible to vouch for the absolute truthfulness of the above statement, but it is probable that it is true and the date 1799. The first physician known to have practiced in the township was a Dr. John Baker, whose first case was in the Ewing family, in 1801. The first horse-mill was owned by Christopher Herrold. This was in 1800 or 1801. Up to that time, or the two previous years, hand-mills had been used, except when they took a trip of from fifteen to twenty miles to get their corn ground. Henry Barrows put up the first water-mill on Federal Creek about 1801. The first school was taught in the township in 1802, by Mr. Charles Cutler, and the children of all the early settlers attended. It was here the lion. Thomas Ewing, so prominent both in State and nation as a lawyer and statesman, first received the rudiments of education. The first marriage was that of Betsy Wyatt and William Parker, May 13, 1802. Judge Cutler, one of the most prominent men of that early day, and who, though living there but a few years, left the im- press of his strong mind upon the infant settlement, removed from the township, in 1806, to Washington County, as also did Lieu- tenant George Ewing, the father of Thomas, who made Perry County, Ind., his home in 1818. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 497 RELIGIOUS WHISKY. The pioneers did not at all times have preaching among them, but many of them at that day, like Deacon Wyatt, could give the settlers some sound advice and religious teaching. The Revs. Austin Thomas and Dickson were among the first resident preach- ers, but the circuit riders made their visits at times for many years before the settlers could afford stated preaching. Walker's History gives this novel incident connected with early preaching among the pioneer settlements: "An incident connected with early preaching among the pioneer settlements may be mentioned. A neighborhood in the lower set- tlement in Ames Township, in which 'Squire John Brown lived, secured the services of Elder Asa Stearns, a Free-Will Baptist, to preach for them once a month during the year, to be paid with three barrels of whisky. Mr. Stearns had an arrangement with Ebenezer Currier, at Athens, to take the whisky and allow him therefor $24 to be credited to him toward the firm he had bought of Judge Currier. The contract was faithfully carried out on all hands, Elder Stearns visiting his little congregation every third Saturday of each month during the year, at the end of which he received his salary in whisky and made the transfer of it as agreed to Judge Currier." So that in this case it was in the use and not the abuse of whisky which did a power of good in that community for twelve months. So whisky with its manifold sins had one credit mark on the right side of the ledger. Sylvanus Ames was another of the old pioneers whose rugged sense and energy of character made a marked influence in the community. He was naturally a leader among men, and yet he scarcely knew it, and neither did his neighbors, in that sense, yet Sylvanus Ames was ever to the front of progress, and his neighbors followed. Judge Ames served in nearly every official capacity in the history of his town and county, and when a member of the Legislature he soon became noted for bis strong sense and his ability to command a hearing and a following, and his house was for many years the headquarters for the leaders of Southern Ohio, for the planning of their political movements. He died in his prime, being only in the fifty -third year of his age. His death occurred Sept. 23." 1823. 32 498 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. POPULATION. The township, like the county, gradually progressed, and the population of the latter was given as 2,787 in 1810. Ames Township must then have had a population of between 700 and 800. Before the census of 1820 came around, she had been shorn of her territory lying in Hocking and Morgan counties. The census gave her 388 males and 333 females, or a total of 721 inhabitants. The next ten years, or in 1830, she gained only 136, but this was again owing to loss of territory in a measure. Still it was not a decade of prog- ress in either population or wealth. The stagnation which has thus shown to have ruled for several years was changed and the growth between 1830 and 1840 proved that the people had thrown off their sloth and were again on the highroad to prosperity. The gradual increase of the population of Ames Township from 1820 to 1880 inclusive is here given, and as the ratio of wealth has rather more than kept even with that of population'the material progress of the township can be pretty accurately seen by decades. The figures are as follows: CENSUS RETURNS. Population of Ames Township, 1820, 721; 1830, 857; 1840, 1,431; 1850, 1,482; 1860, 1,335; 1870, 1,229; 1880, 1,392. These figures show no rapid progress, and for a couple of decades a loss. This is, however, but the result of late years in the purely agricult- ural townships of the counties, where the development of the min- eral resources of the county has assumed greater proportions. There is coal in Ames Township, but it is not mined to any great extent. PRODUCTION AND AREA. It was not until 1850 that the boundary lines of Athens County were finally established, and therefore many of the township lines were changed from time to time by the establishment of new inde- pendent municipalities. Undoubtedly for the convenience of the people a congressional township, in size, is the best, or six miles square of territory. This at last became the size of Ames Township, or an area of 23,040 acres of land. It is in the valley of Federal Creek and its branches, rich and fertile, and the hills good grass and pasture lands. There is plenty of water, being beside Federal Creek, MeDougal Creek, and other streams and springs innumerable. This gives it value for stock-raising pur- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 499 poses, and the people have taken advantage of this feature, for it is the largest stock-raising township in the county. The only returns at hand were the assessment returns of 1867, wlien Ames Township had 14,129 sheep, nearly double any other township in the county, the next highest being Alexander, with 7,808. It was second in horses, having 552, Lodi having 564, yet the assessed valuation of the former exceeded the latter. This was also the case with cattle. Lodi led with 1,917, assessed at only $28,691; Rome, 1,527, assessed at $23,732, while Ames, with 1,513, was assessed at $37,176, nearly $4,000 more than any other township in the county. This would seem to prove that the farmers of Ames were raising a better class of stock than any of its sisters. BOUNDARY. Through the years of trials and tribulations and the curtailment of her territory, Ames at last emerged out of the wreck a town- ship on the north border of the county, and second from the east- ern border of the county, reserving to herself the location and grounds of her first settlement, which through the prominence and ability of her early pioneers had become historic. Ames Township is bounded on the north hy Morgan County, east by Bern Town- ship, south by Canaan, and west by Dover Township. The assessed valuation in 18S1 was a total of $530,990, and in 1882 was $522,561, the difference being a trifle less on assessment in some items. It is the fifth township in the county in wealth, while it is the tenth in population. WESTERN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. The Pioneer Association of Athens County published, about the close of 1882, a carefully prepared and neatly printed "Memorial and History of the 'Western Library Association."' From this memorial we condense the following brief account : The Western Library Association, or as it was sometimes called in later years, in half-derision, the " Coonskin Library," originated in 1801, in what is now Ames Township, Athens County, and the founders were an offshoot from Marietta, where the first settle- ment in Ohio was made. In the chapter on Ames Township an account is given of the early settlement made by George Ewing, Judge Ephraim Cutler, Captain Benjamin Brown, Sylvanus Ames, Deacon Joshua Wyatt and others. The hardships of pioneer work, 500 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. some of which are portrayed in the chapter on ''Pioneer Life," are well known to all our readers. One would think that under such circumstances there could be but little time or energy left for the greater work of providing for the wants of their higher nature. Not so with these hardy pioneers. They seemed to realize that they were founding an empire, that they were engaged in laying one of the foundation-stones, on which the great States of the Northwest Territory were to be erected ; that they were making history, to be read with profit by posterity ; that a little taper light to be kindled by them in this obscure pioneer settlement would in time unite with other lights, and illumine the great Northwest. They apparently acted under an inspiration like that of the poet, who describes the night ride of Paul "Revere, rallying his neigh- bors to the battle of Concord. "And yet through the gloom and the light, The fate of a nation was riding that night; And the spark struck out by that steed in his flight, Kindled the land into flame with its heat." In 1803 the inhabitants of Ames assembled in public meeting, to consider the subject of roads,fwhich, having been disposed of, the intellectual wants of the settlement became a topic of discus- sion. They were entirely isolated and remote from established schools and libraries, and felt keenly the necessity of providing some means for their own and their children's mental development. The establishment of a library was suggested, and all agreed that this was the readiest way to meet the case, provided funds could be raised and the books obtained. The scarcity of money seemed an almost insuperable obstacle. The little transactions of the colony were carried on almost wholly by barter and exchange in kind. In this great scarcity of money the purchase of books for a library seemed like an impossibility; but the subject was canvassed by the meeting, and it was resolved to attempt it. Before the end of the year, by dint of economy, and using every ingenious levice to procure necessary funds, a sum of money was raised. Some of the settlers were good hunters, and there being a ready cash market for furs and skins, which were bought by the agents of John Jacob Astor and others, these easily paid their subscriptions. Samuel Brown was just ready to make a business trip to New England, lie was furnished with letters to Rev. Thaddeus M. Harris and Rev. Dr. Cutler, who accompanied Mr. Brown to Boston, and selected a valuable collection of fifty-one books. These books cost HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 501 $73.50, and comprised the following : Robertson's North Amer- ica ; Harris's Encyclopedia, four volumes; Morse's Geography, two volumes; Adams's Truth of Religion; Goldsmith's Works, four volumes; Evelina, two volumes; Children of the Abbey, two vol- umes; Blair's Lectures; Clark's Discourses; Ramsey's American Revolution, two volumes ; Goldsmith's Animated Nature, four volumes ; Playfair's History of Jacobinism, two volumes; George Barnwell ; Camilla, three volumes ; Beggar Girl, three volumes, and some others. Later purchases included Shakespeare, Don Quixote, Lock's Essays, Scottish Chiefs, Josephus, Smith's Wealth of Nations, Spectator, Plutarch's Lives, Arabian Nights, Life ot Washington, etc. This was the first public library formed in the Northwest Terri- tory, though not, as some have supposed, the first incorporated. The " Dayton Library Society " was incorporated Feb. 21, 1805; a library "at Granville, in the County of Fairfield," Jan. 26, 1807 ; one at Newton, Hamilton Co., Feb. 10, 1808. The Western Li- brary Association was incorporated by an act passed Feb. 19, 1810. On the 2d day of February, 1801, at the house of Christopher Herrold, articles of association were regularly entered into for the government of the Library Association. The amount of a share was fixed at $2.50, and the owner was required to pay in for the use of the library 25 cents additional every year on each share. The names of the subscribers to the Articles of Association, with the number of shares taken by each, were as follows : Ephraim Cutler, 4 shares ; Jason Rice, 2 ; Sylvanus Ames, 2 ; Benjamin L. Brown, 1; Martin Boyles, 1; Ezra Green, 1; George Ewing, 1; John Brown, Jr., 1; Josiah True, 1; George Ewing, Jr., 1; Daniel Weethee, 2; Timothy Wilkins, 2; Benjamin Brown, 1; Samuel Brown, 2d, 1; Samuel Brown, Sr., 1; Simon Converse, 1; Christopher Herrold, 1; Edmund Dorr, 1; George Wolf, 1; Nathan Woodbury, 1; Joshua Wyatt, 1; George Walker, 1; Elijah Hatch, 1; Zebulon Griffin, 1; Jehiel Gregory, 1; George Castle, 1; Samuel Brown, 1. Among the subscribers in later years appear the names of Ezra Walker, Othniel Nye, Sally Rice, Lucy Ames, John M. Hibbard, Seth Child, Ebenezer Champlin, Amos Linscott, Elisha Lattimer, Ne- hemiah Gregory, Thomas Ewing, Jason Rice, Cyrus Tuttle, Perley Brown, Robert Fulton, R. S. Lovell, Michael Tippie, and James Pugsley. The library has long since ceased to exist as such, and has been succeeded by other more modern sources of information. The books 502 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. had accumulated to several hundred volumes — a considerable library for the place and period. Many years later it was divided, and part taken to Dover Township (where some of the original stock- holders lived), where it formed the nucleus of another library, which was incorporated by act of the Legislature passed Dec. 2L 1830. The portion retained in Ames Township, was sold by the shareholders in the year 1860 or 1861 to Messrs. J. II. Glazier, A. W. Glazier and E. H. Brawley, and they afterward sold it to Hon. W. P. Cutler, of Washington County. In conclusion we quote from the memorial before mentioned : " The simple history of this unpretending Library Association is sufficient to challenge the admiration and homage of every true American. It was one of the springs which have made up the great ocean of our State and national prosperity. It is to be hoped that an effort may be made to redeem these old historic books, such of them as can be found, and place them in proper form in some secure public place. The worm-eaten and dilapidated volumes are intrin- sically of little value, but they are priceless as mementoes of the past." OFFICIALS OF AMES TOWNSHIP. 1802. — Trustees, Samuel Brown, Nathan Woodbury and George Ewing; Clerk, Daniel Weethee; Overseers of the Poor, Samuel Brown, Josiah True; Fence Viewers, Joseph Pugsley, Nathan Woodbury and Jno. Sweet; House Appraiser, Christopher Herrold; Lister, Daniel Converse; Constables, Daniel Converse and Syl- van us Ames; Supervisors, Samuel Brown and Benjamin L.Brown. 1803. — Trustees, Benjamin Brown, Sylvanns Ames and Daniel Weethee; Clerk, George Ewing; Overseers Poor, Nathan Wood- bury and Joshua Wyatt; Fence Viewers, Jno. Brown, Benjamin L. Hrown and Samuel Brown; House Appraisers, Jacob Boyles and Edmund Dorr; Lister, Josiah True; Constables, William Brown and Josiah True; Supervisors, Jno. Brown, William Brown and Josiah True. First Grand Jurors from this township were : Silas Dean and Nathan Woodbury; and Petit Jurors, Azel Johnson, George Wolf and John Brown. The same year Ephraim Cutler and Samuel Brown were elected Justices of the Peace. The first Justice of the Peace was Alvin Bingham in 1802. 1S(»4. — Trustees, David Boyles, Azel Johnson and Nathan Woodbury; Clerk, Benjamin L. Brown; Overseers Poor, David Boyles and Daniel Weethee; Fence Viewers, Benjamin Brown, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLET. 503 Joshua Wyatt and Christopher Herrold; House Appraisers, Silas Dean and Ezra Green; Lister, Ezra Green; Constables, Hosea Neal and William Green; Supervisors, Samuel McCune, Jason Rice, Edmund Dorr and Edmund Neal; Treasurer, Sylvauus Ames — first Township Treasurer. 1805. — Trustees, Benjamin Brown, Daniel Weethee and Josiah True; Clerk, Harris Parsons; Treasurer, Svlvanus Ames; Over- seers Poor, Ephraim Cutler and Nathan Woodbury; Fence View- ers, Moses Everett and Isaac Stephens; House Appraisers, Ephraim Cutler and Josiah True; Lister, Josiah True; Supervisors, Joshua Wyatt, Abel Glazier, MosesKay, Hosea Neal and Dan- iel Weethee. 1806. — Trustees, Ephraim Cutler, John Brown and Daniel Weethee; Clerk, George Walker; Treasurer, Ephraim Cutler; Overseers Poor, Edmund Neal and Jacob Boyles; Fence Viewers, George Wolf and Joshua Wyatt; House Appraisers, Christopher Herrold and Martin Boyles; Lister, Martin B oyles; Constables, Josiah True and Thomas M. Hamilton; Supervisors, Upton Far- mer, Nathan Woodberry, William Brown, Isaac Stevens, John McCune, Ezra Green and Frederic Fought. 1807. — Trustees, Abel Glazier, Benjamin Davis and Liberty Griffin; Clerk, Benjamin Davis; Treasurer, Sjth Fuller; Over- seers Poor, Abram Pugsley and Samuel Beaumont; Fence View- ers, Nathan Woodberry and George Wolf; House Appraisers, Josiah True and Martin Boyles; Lister, Martin Boyles; Super- visors, William Brown, George Walker, Joseph Pugsley, John Brown, Joseph Fuller, Joseph Ballard, John Mansfield and Thomas M. Hamilton. 1808. — Trustees, Robert Palmer, Reuben Davis and George Walker; Clerk, Martin Boyles; Treasurer, Zebulon Griffin; Over- seers Poor, Seth Fuller and John Brown; Fence Viewers, Ben- jamin Davis and Samuel McCune ; House Appraisers, Nathan Woodberry and John Brown, Jr. ; Lister, John Brown, Jr. ; Consta- bles, Martin Boyles and Reuben I. Davis; Supervisors, Christopher Herrold. Horace Parsons, Samuel Lewis, Reuben Hurlbut, Joshua Wyatt, Silas Dean, Zebulon Griffin and Abel Glazier. 1809.— Trustees, Seth Fuller, Josiah True an 1 George Wolf; Clerk, George Walker; Treasurer, Zebulon Griffin; Overseers Poor, Robert Palmer and James Fuller; Fence Viewers, Abram Pugsley and Ezra Green. House Appraiser, Jason Rice; Lister, Zebulon Griffin ; Constables, John McCune and Zebulon Grif- 504 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. fin; Supervisors, Othniel Tattle, Thomas M. Hamilton, William Brown, Samuel McCune, Ezra Green, Samuel Beaumont, Azel Johnson, Reuben Hurlhut and Samuel Mansfield, Jr. I810.-Trustees, Seth Fuller, Josiah True and George Wolf; Clerk, George Walker; Treasurer, Zebulon Griffin; Overseers Poor, Joshua Wyatt and Robert Palmer; Fence Viewers, Zebulon Grif- fin and George Walker; Home Appraisers, Christopher Herrold and Zebulon Griffin ; Lister, Zebulon Griffin; Constables, Nehe- miah Davis, Jr., Zebulon Griffin and James Pugsley ; Supervisors, George Ewing, Jr., George Walker, Joshua Wyatt, John Brown, Martin Boyles, Luther Danielson, Daniel Weethee, Solomon Tnt- tle, Reuben Hurlbnt, Joseph Fuller and William Beckerstaff. 1811. — Trustees, Sylvanus Ames, George Ewing and Daniel Weethee; Cleik, George Walker; Treasurer, Seth Fuller; Over- seers Poor, Joshua Wyatt and Nathan Woodbury; Fence Viewers, Uriah Tippy and Abel Glazier; House Appraisers, Samuel Brown and Ezra Walker; Lifter, Ezra Walker; Constables, William Henry Hass, James Pugsley and Jeremiah Cass; Supervisors, John Wright, Henry Johnson, Abner Connett, Joseph Fuller, Jo- siah True, Azel Johnson, Reuben I. Davis; District No, 1, Jason Rice; Disttict No. 2, Samuel Brown; District No. 3, Samuel Mc- Cune; District No. 4, Martin Boyles; District No. 5, Ezra Green. 1812. — Trustees, Joshua Wyatt, Seth Fuller and John Brown, Jr.; Clerk, George Walker; Treasurer, John Brown; Overseers Poor, Joseph Linscott and Amos Linscott; Fence Viewers, Ezra Green and Samuel McCune; House Appraisers, William Brown and John Boyles ; Lister, John Boyles ; Constables, Jeremiah Cass and John Boyles ; Supervisors, District No. 1, Jason Rice; Dis- trict No. 2, Abel Glazier; District No. 3, John McCune; District No. 4, Joab lloisington; District No. 5, Ezra Green; District No. 6, David Rathburn; District No. 7, Elisha Alderman, Jr. TRUSTEES SINCE 1813. 1813-1815, Ezra Green, Seth Fuller and John Brown, Jr.; 1816, Jason Rice. Russell S. Lovell and Daniel Phillips; 1817, Sylvanus Ames, Russell S. Lovell and Jason Rice; ISIS, Jacob Boar- man, Russell S. Lovell, Ezra Given; 1819, Jacob Boarman, John Brown, Ezra Green; 1820, Seth Fuller, James Cable, James Mitch- ell; 1821, Seth Fuller, James Cable and Ezra Walker; 1822-'23, John Wyatt, Charles Cutler, Alan son Ilibbard; 1824, John HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 505 Wyatt, Jacob Boannan, David Trowbridge; 1825, John Co- lumbia, John Boyles, John M. Hibbard; 1826, Charles Cutler, Elisha McEvers, Morris Bryson; 1827-'28, Sabinus Rice, L. G. Brown, Morris Bryson; 1829, Absalom Boyles, Jacob Boarman, John B. Brown; 1830, James Brawley, Jacob Boarman, Gulliver Dean; 1831, Daniel Cable, George Black, Gulliver Dean; 1832, Silvanus Howe, George Black, Jonathan Buzzard; 1833, John Carter, Sabinus Rice, Jonathan Buzzard; 1834, John Carter, Ab- salom Boyles, Silvanus Howe; 1835, L. G. Brown, John B, Miller, Silvanus Howe; 1S36, L. G. Brown, Lewis Rathburn, Daniel S. McDongal; 1837, R. G. Carter, Lewis Rathburn, Daniel S. Mc- Dougal; 1838, R. G. Carter, Charles Cutler, Daniel S. McDougal; 1839, Daniel Rose, William Robinson, Daniel S. McDougal; 1840 -'45, John T. Glazier, John Carter, James G. Owen; 1846-'49, John T. Glazier, D. S. McDougal, Solomon Koons; 1850, George Linscott, D. S. McDougal, Solomon Koons; 1851-'52, James Patterson, D. S. McDougal, Solomon Koons; 1853, James Patter- son, G. M. McDongal, Solomon Koons; 1854-'55, James Patterson, G. M. McDongal, Geurge Linscott; 1856-'57, Almon Henry, G. M. McDougal, George Linscott; 1858, John E. Vore, G. M. Mc- Dougal, George Linscott; 1859-'60, John E. Yore, F. L. Junod, George Linscott; 1861, Moses Curtis, Solomon Koons, E. P. Henry; 1862, F. L. Junod, C. J. Brown, G. W. Wright; 1863, F. L. Junod, C.J. Brown, C. II. Wyatt; 1864-'65, N. P. Hoisington, C. J. Brown, Daniel Fleming; 1866, N. P. Hoisington, Almon Henry, Daniel Fleming; 1867, N. P. Hoisington, Edmund Wheeler, O. X. Owen; 1868, 1ST. P. Hoisington, Daniel Fleming, Ezra Wolfe; 1869, K P. Hoisington, Daniel Fleming, Ezra Wolfe; 1870, K P. Hoisington, Daniel Fleming, Ezra Wolfe; 1871, N. P. Hoisington, Daniel Fleming, W. G. Finch; 1872, Fred Stalder, Daniel Flem- ing, W. G. Finch; 1873, Fred Stalder, Daniel Fleming, Silas Sayres; 1874, Fred Stalder, Daniel Fleming, Silas Sayres; 1875, Fred Stalder, Daniel Fleming, Silas Sayres; 1876, Fred Stalder, W. II. Curfman, Silas Sayres; 1877, Fred Stalder, W. II. Curfman. Silas Sayres; 1878, Harvey Linscott, Daniel Fleming, C. A. Hines; 1S79, Harvey Linscott, Daniel Fleming, J. II. Phillips; 1880, C. A. Hines, Daniel Fleming, J. II. Phillips; 1881, J. P. Bradley, Daniel Fleming, Harvey Linscott; 1882, J. P. Bradley, Daniel Fleming, Harvey Linscott; 1883, J. P. Bradley, Daniel Fleming, Harvey Linscott. 506 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. TOWNSHIP CLERKS SINCE 1S09. 1809-'1S, George Walker; 1819-'22, Bjnjamin Davis; 1823-'24 Sabinus Rice; 1825-'26, David Trowbridge; 1827-'28, George Walker, Jr.; 1829- , 30 J Wm. R. Walker; 1831, Hiram Cable; 1832 -'44, R. A. Fulton; 1845 to 1879, J. H. Glazier; L. H. Glazier, 1880 to present time. JUSTICES OK THE PEACE SINCE 1802. 1802, Alvin Bingham; 1803, Ephraim Cutler, Samuel Brown; 1805, John Brown; 1806, Daniel Weethee; 1807, George Walker; 1808, John Brown, Jonathan Watkins; 1810, George Walker, Benjamin Davis; 1811, Thos. M. Hamilton; 1813, George Walker —served till 1830; 1819, Martin Boyles— served till about 1828; 1828, John Brown; 1831, Wm. R. Walker, John B. Brown; 1831, Sabinus Rice, Charles Carter; 1837, R. A.Fulton; 1840, H. B. Brawley, R. A. Fulton; 1S43, R. A. Fulton, II. B.Brawley; 1845, James Bryson, Lewis Rathburn; 1846, Henry Clark, Lewis Rath- burn; 1817, Henry Clark, James Bryson; 1849, J. M. Mitchell, Wm. Mason; 1850, Henry Clark, James Bryson; 1852, J. M. Mitchell, J. G. Owen; 1853, James Bryson; 1855, R. A. Fulton, Jas. G. Owen; 1857, Gilbert M. McDougal; 1858, Robert A. Ful- ton, James G. Owen; 1860, Gilbert M. McDougal; 1861, Robert A. Fulton, William Mason; 1862, James G. Owen; 1863, F. L. Junod, R. R. Ellis; 1864, L<3wis Carpenter; 1865, Frederick P. Kasler, James M. Mitchell;' 1866, N. P. Hoisington; 1868, Lo- renzo Fulton, David L. Rathburn; 1869, N. P. Hoisington; 1871, A. W. Glazier, W. G. Finch; 1872, N. P. Hoisington; 1874, A. W. Glazier, W. G. Finch; 1875, K P. Hoisington; 1876, W. G. Finch, O. N. Owen; 1878, Fred Stabler; 18S0, W. G. Finch, O. N.Owen; 1881, Fred Stalder; 1883, A. W. Durfee, W. J. War- rener. AMESVILLE. Situated on a rising eminence in the beautiful valley of Federal Creek, with quite an extended view, comprising that also of Mc- Dougal Creek, with the bold outlines of the surrounding hills, there are very few rural scenes that will surpass that of Amesville and her surroundings. Away from the busy world, surrounded by a farming neighborhood, rich in this world's goods, and in manlj 7 honor and honesty, Amesville rests in her quiet retreat, willing to take passing events as it finds them, content with her rich soil, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 507 pure air, and the material prosperity that comes from the daily avocations of life, faithfully and earnestly performed. Settled in the beginning of the century, it was this valley of Federal Creek, nestling among the hills with its varied scenery, bracing atmos- phere and a look of quiet repose, that first caught the eye of Cutler, of Ewing and of Ames — men whose names have since become his- toric, and the impress of whose wonderful characters has been stamped indelibly upon the people. The pleasant valley is still there, and from the few log cabins of primeval days has arisen a quiet village that basks in the sunshine of peace, prosperity, health and happiness. Such is Amesville in the year 1S83. WHEN FOUNDED. The village was laid out in the year 1837. James Pattison is now the oldest living resident, as he was the first. Rev. John Hunt came next, then Samuel McDaniel, Mr. Gregg and John Hardy and Hiram Cable. John Pattison, brother of James, came in 1839. The first year of its existence it could boast of one gen- eral store, one carding machine, one blacksmith and wagon shop, one tailor shop. It is stated that the second school-house built in the- county of Athens was erected upon the present village site of Amesville in 1804, and a man by the name of Moses Everett was the teacher. The next was erected on the farm of Sylvanus Ames, in 1811, and used also for church purposes. Dr. Ezra Walker and his daughter Sophia both taught in this last school-house. The oldest building now in the village is a part of the residence of W. H. Cnrfman's. It has a handsome and substantial school building which was erected as early as 1852, which has been painted and repaired not long since, and has stood the test of time with great credit to the honesty and faithfulness of its builders. Its cost, at the time of its erection, was $2,000. One fact is referred to by the citizens with pride, and that is the fact that no liquor saloon has ever been opened in Amesville. The village had a population, in 1880, of 159, and it has now about 175. Some improvements are now going on, and, though Amesville will never become a large town, it will probably hold its own, advancing as the surrounding coun- try increases in population and wealth. ITS BUSINESS INTERKsT. The following represents the business interests of the village, May 1, 1883: John Pattison, general store; AV. H. Curfman, gen- 508 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. eral store; A. C. Painter, general store; F. H. Gibson, drug store; A. C, 'Young, saddle and harness store; W. Gilligan & Bro-, wagon and carriage shop; S. Balderson, blacksmith shop; J. TV. Warren, shoe store; J. B. Buckingham, shoe store; J. B. Shoop, planing mill; J. B. Shoop, cabinet shop; V. Lots, butcher shop; Taylor Pattison, house and sign painter; Jas. Crawford, carpenter; Dr. W. A. Adair, Dr. J. Hnestis, physicians. There is only one brick store in the village, that of John Pattison. This is a line building, two stories high, 27x75 feet, and is a decided ornament to the town. The Presbyterian church and school building are both creditable affairs, and the village has many fine residences. In this last regard the citizens have displayed good taste, both in their building and their pleasant surroundings. POSTOFFICE. The postoffice is kept at the brick store and John Pattison is the Postmaster, a position he has held for the past ten years. This office was established in 1821, and the following have been the per- sons in charge: Loring B. Glazier, 1821-'29; Robert Henry, 1829-'34; Hiram Cable, 1834-'37; N. Dean, 1837-'41; Loring B. Glazier, 1841-'42; Hiram Cable, lS42-'46; Everet V. Phillips, 1846-'49; Lorenzo Fulton, 1849-'61; A. W. Glazier, 1861-'62; Lorenzo Fulton, lS62-'70; C. L. Warden, lS70-'73; John Patti- son, 1873, present Postmaster. AMESVILLE ACADEMY. It has been and is the pride and boast of Amesville that it has within its limits one of the best educational institutes in the coun- ty. The building itself has been referred to on a previous page: The school took its inception from a meeting of the citizens of Ames- ville in November, 1852, the moving spirits of which were George Wyatt, Robert Henry, J. T. Glazier, James Pattison and A. S. Dickey. These gentlemen were appointed a committee to decide upon the best plan of securing the desires of the citizens. They reported on the 25th of the above month their views and acts upon the important question, which were probably adopted, for it was but ,i short time before the building was begun and finished, which gave to Athens County, as well as Amesville, one of the most effi- cient educational institutions in the State, so far as the branches of studies taught are considered. Its Superintendents have been. J. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 509 P. Weeth.ee, from 1854 to 1856; P. B. Davis, from 1856 to 1857: A/C. Kelly, from 1857 to 1858; Mr. McGonagle, from 1858 to 1860; E. P. Henry, from 1S60 to 1861; J. H. Doan, from 1861 to 1862; J. M. Goodspeed, from 1862 to 1864; Miss L. M. Dowling, from 1864 to 1866. Rev. H. C. Cheadle, principal, and Miss M. G. Keyes, assistant, from 1866. CHURCHES. The Presbyterian Church, of Amesville, was organized March 26, 1829, by the Rev. John Spalding, of Athens. The original members were Bildad Curtis and wife, Thankful; Elder John Jack- son, Hannah McDongal, Abigail, wife of Wm. R. Walker, and John Walker. Bildad Curtis and John Walker were appointed Elders. The fellowship of the church was given by Joseph B. Miles and Charles Shipman, Elders of the Athens church, and David Shields, of the Canaan church. Rev. Charles R. Fisk was the first Pastor. The church at the above date was situated about one-half mile from the present site of Amesville and was called the Mudsock church. Nabby L. Ames joined the church on the 14th of May fol- lowing, and the first baptized were Clark, Julia, Henrietta and Abraham Dodd, May 2, 1S30. These were children of Andrew Dodd. Channcy and Patty Ward joined the church in 1830, and Channcy Ward was made Elder. The Rev. James McAboy succeeded the Rev. Charles R. Fisk, in May, 1832, and was installed as Pastor Dec. 1, 1832, and re- signed his charge "in May following. He dedicated the church which had been erected in 1832. There had been no clerk up to 1832, the moderator keeping the minutes, who was the pastor, but on Feb. 19, 1832, Bildad Curtis was chosen as such, and remained clerk until August, 1830. On the resignation of Rev. Jas. McAboy the church remained without a regular pastor until the spring of 1834, when the Rev. Ebenezer Hebbard was called, March thelSth, and took charge ot the church the following May. He continued his pastorate until his death, which occurred Sept. 9, 1835. May 1, 1836, the Rev. John Hunt served as Pastor for one year, but continued his charge for several years, being succeeded in 1844 by the Rev. Luke De Witt. 510 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLET . E. Ward was appointed Clerk August, 1836, to succeed Bildad Curtis. In 1S11 Wm. R. Walker was elected and continued clerk of the Sessions until his death, which took place June 17, 1855. The church records were either not kept or a large portion were lost from 1811 to 1850. In 1836 Wra. R. Walker, Jno. B. Brown and John Jackson were elected Ruling Elders. The records show that John Wyatt succeeded Walker as Elder in 1813, the others remaining. The next Pastor found in charge of the church was the Rev. Roswell Tenney, who took charge August, 1819, and was still Pastor in 1855, and probably remained until 1858, as on April 12, 1858, the Rev. Chas. Merwin was installed. In 1853 the Elders were: John B. Brown, Jae. Pattison and John Wyatt, and they were such in 1858. After the death of Wra. R. Walker, in 1855, there seems to have been no record kept, and when Dr. Merwin assumed the pastorate he was also installed as Clerk of the Sessions, but no record was ever found and the opinion was formed that he had entirely neg- lected this important duty. The next date had advanced to Dec. 9, 1865. There was a membership of seventy-seven in 1816, and the last record previous to the war was 167 members. The church, which had been irregularly attended and supported during thecivil strife, was re-organized at Amesville, and again started to exercise a power and influence for good which had sadly lapsed the few preceding years. In November, 1865, the Rev. H. C. Cheadle was called to the pastorate, and the Trustees in charge were James Pattison, C. H. Wyatt and A. W. Glazier. A handsome church was erected at a cost of $1,000, and was dedicated Dec. 8, 1867. Dr. Cheadle con- tinued his labors until April 1, 1872, when he retired. It was not until July, 1873, that another minister was secured, but on the twentieth of that month the Rev. L. N. Woodruff was installed and continued until Sept. 30, 1882, since which time the pas- torate has been vacant. The present membership is ninety. W. A. Adair is Clerk. The church is in good condition and it is not expected to be without a pastor much longer. The First Methodist Society formed in Ames Township was formed by Rev. Curtis Goddard in 1824, at the house of Gulliver and Mary Dean (his wife). The society was composed of the follow- ing persons: Mr. and Mrs. Dean, Mr. and Mrs. Hart and their four daughters were the original class of eight persons. In 1825, un- der the ministrv of Rev. James Laws, there were twelve or fifteen HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 511 persons added to the society, among whom were Mr. Kelion Kas- larand wile, Mr. Rathburn and wife, Mrs. Samuel McCune, Mr. John Bigford and wife, Mr. Hyde, Class-Leader. The only one now living of that society is Mary B. O. Neal, in her seventy-sec- ond year. Among the early pastors were: John Feree, Henry S. Fernandes, Orvil Shelton, Robert O. Spencer, Martin Kellog, George G. West, Samuel Harvey, Benjamin Ellis, Joseph S. Brown, Levi S. Munsell, James McCntchen. As the society increased in numbers it was removed to a log school-house near where Edwin Lehon preached occasionally (since a Southern Methodist Bishop). The circuit or charge embraced the territory of what is now Stew- art charge, Amesville charge, part of Rosseau and part of Chester Hill. In 1844-'5 a church was built in Amesville, a frame 30 x 50 feet, a king-post roof apparently as solid to-day as when built thirty years ago, and cost $1,300. Colonel Absalom Boyles, Gulliver and Leonard Dean were the building committee. Colonel Boyles framed the building and had a general oversight of the work; Gulliver and Leonard Dean furnished the stone and did the stone- work; Henry B. Brawley furnished the hewed timber, William Johnson the oak flooring, Harvey Goble the plastermg lath, other members contributing in like manner as was needed. Abraham Curtlich and Charles H. Lawton were among the first Pastors after the church was built in 1846-'7. Rev. Lawton organized the first Sabbath-school, Henry B. Brawley, Superintendent; John T. Gla- zier, Secretary ; Gulliver Dean, James Henry and Isaac Hedge, Managers. The Sunday-school has been kept up ever since. The Superintendents since its organization were, in addition to Mr. Brawley: John T. Glazier, R. R. Ellis, G. M. Ross, John L. Brown, William Moore, George E. Henry, John Walsh,- L. L. Munsell, John P. Brawley, E. H. Brawley and James Gillian, the present very efficient Superintendent. Miss Kate Brawley was for many years the loving and beloved teacher of the primary class, and en- deared herself to the little ones by her thoughtful care and kind- ness. pastoes from 1847 to 1883. The pastors who have served the church since 1847 are named here in the order they officiated : Rev. Levi Cunningham, after- ward Presiding Elder; Rev. Uriah Redferren (he died on the cir- cuit, 1850), Revs. W. R. Litinger and Amos Wilson; 1851, Revs. W. R. Litinger and David Mann; 1852, Revs. Cherrington and 512 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Catlin; 1853, Revs. Cherrington and Gregg; 1854, Revs. Street and Anderson; 1855, Revs. Hopkins and Anderson; 1856, Revs. Hop- kins and Kelley; 1857, Revs. Kelley and Nichols; 1858, Revs. Ry- land and Rankin; 1859, Revs. Rylandand D. Ricketts; 1860, Revs. Thurston and Pardon Cook; 1861, Revs. Thurston and D. Ricketts; ] S62, Lewis Brothers, who resigned and entered the service of the Un- ion array; 1863, Revs. Wolf and Spencer; 1864, Revs. Wolf and Por- ter; 1865, Rev. M. D. Vaughan; 1866, Rev. L. W. Mensell; 1867, Rev. Lounis; 1868, Revs. Durant and David Morgan, the latter is now living at St. Paul, Minnesota, — and the following in the or- der named : Revs. Cash, Arbuckle, Morris, Fry, S. B. Ricketts, J. G. Jones, for two years; Rev. T. S. Armstrong, an outspoken de- fender of the Christian faith, who was a prisoner for a year in Libby Prison, having been taken prisoner while a soldier in the Federal army. The Rev. R. A. Le Maston is the present Pastor. Under the ministry of the Revs. J. Hopkins and A. C. Kelley, there was an active revival, and among those who then joined and became an active member was John L. Brown, now deceased, who afterward was Superintendent of the Sabbath-school, and a young man of talent and promise. The pastorship of Rev. S. B. Ricketts was noted for a gracious revival which added between twenty-five and thirty to the membership of the church, and in 1880 the church was again re- vived and strengthened by additional members, under the active spiritual work of the Rev. J. G. Jones. PRESIDING ELDERS. The following named persons have been Presiding Elders from 1848 to 1865, inclusive: Uriah Heath, deceased; E. M. Boring, from 1853 to 1856; J. W. Clark, to 1859, deceased; B. N. Spahs, to 1S63 ; and J. T. Frewgar, to 1865. Since then S. M. Merrill (now Bishop Merrill) presided several years; also Eskridge Dixon, James Kendall, Henry Gartner and S. M. Frampton, the present Elder. The present Stewards are: William Jackson, J. B. Rhodes, F. L. Junod, R. R. Marquis, Daniel Ilixon, Edmund Wheeler and J. P. Bravvley. The latter is also Class-Leader. The church is prospering and one of power and influence. LODGES. Amesville Lodge, No. 278, A. F. <& A. M., held its first meet- ing at Amesville, in their present lodge-room, Feb. 18, 1856, the following officers being in charge: Watson Harris, W. M. pro HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 513 tern.; J. G. Woolman, S. W. ; A. S. Dickey, J. W. ; Job S. King, Treas. ; J. P. Harris, Sec. ; John Patterson, S. D. ; G. W. Pew- thers, J. D. The only business before this meeting was the reading oi three petitions for initiation, which were properly referred, signed by Hiram Black, "William H. Curfman and Francis Ginn. At the meeting of the lodge, Sept. 20, 1856, the following exhibit of work for the seven months of its existence was reported: Num- ber of initiations, ^fifteen; number passed, fourteen; number raised, twelve. "With this, their Grand Lodge report, they met the G. L. at Zanesville, Ohio, Oct. 22, 1856, and asked that body to grant them a charter, which was done, the charter being signed by the follow- ing officers of the Grand Lodge: W. B. Dodds, M. "W. Grand Master; B. F. Smith, K. W. Deputy Grand Master; M. D. Brock, R. W. S. G. W.; Barton S. Kyle, R. W. J. G. W.; John D. Caldwell, R. W. Grand Secretary. The following names appear upon the charter as charter-mem- bers of the new lodge: John Patterson, A. S. Dickey, O. "W. Pickering, William Golden, L. Fulton, J. P. Harris, Abner Cooley, D. L. Dana, J. F. "Woolman, George W. Baker, J. L. Kessinger. Thus equiped with a charter the lodge began its Masonic life, which has continued harmoniously for twenty seven years. One of the first business undertakings of the lodge was to contract a debt of over $400 for building and furnishing a lodge-room. It was built by a stock company, mostly Masons. Although largely in debt, and the members of the lodge not being wealthy, they began at once to practice that greatest of virtues, charity. Very seldom has a worthy applicant been turned away from this lodo-e empty handed. This charitable practice has wrought itself so thoroughly into the character of the lodge that they remain con- tented with a very plain lodge-room to point with pride to their long list of charitable bestowments. The workings of the lodge ran along smoothly, without interrup- tion, receiving into its membership many honorable and intelligent men, until the spring of 1861, when many of her members offered themselves to their country, engaging in the great struggle for the uation's life. No member of this lodge sympathized with the Southern Confederacy. At the close of the war regular meetings, which had been suspended, were resumed, and have been kept up to the present time. 33 514 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. "When labor was resumed some confusion was to be encoun- tered in the affairs of the lodge. Debts had accumulated, the lodge-room had run down, and many of the members had died or moved away. Those who were left equal to the emergency began the work of restoring the lodge; the lodge-room was repaired and refurnished, the lodge placed under new manage- ment, and the debt, which had never ceased to grow from the beginning, began gradually to decrease. The entire debt was at length paid, and the lodge is now on a good basis in every respect. In July, 1871, a number of the members who lived near Guys- ville, Athens County, asked for and were granted permission to establish a lodge at that place. In the establishment of this, Amesville Lodge not only lost some of her best members, but also a large portion of her best territory, which fell into the jurisdiction of the new lodge. In August of the same year the old lodge was again asked to divide her members and territory for the establishment of a new lodge at Bishopville, Morgan County. Although crippling her severely in membership and territory, she gave consent, and Bish- opville Lodge was formed. Since the establishment of these two new lodges, owing to reduced territory, the membership of Ames- ville Lodge has not grown so rapidly as before. None of the inter- ests of the order, however, have been forgotten or neglected, the members are fully alive to their obligations, and each is doing his duty, while perfect harmony prevails. The entire membership of the lodge since its organization, ex- cepting charter members, is 125; of this number seven have died while members of the lodge, fifty-one have been demitted, and thir- teen have been expelled, leaving a membership of fifty-four at the present time. BIOGRAPHICAL. Edward R. Ames, D. D., a native of Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, born May 20, 1806, was a son of Judge Sylvanus Ames. His early education was plain and practical. A natural taste for reading was fostered by a local library to which he had free access, and when twenty years of age he eutered the Ohio Uni- versity at Athens. There he remained many years, supporting himself mainly by teaching. In 1828 the Ohio Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church met at Chillicothe, and he attended HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 515 its meetings. Bishop Eoberts, the presiding officer, was so im- pressed with the young man's appearance that he invited him to accompany him to the Illinois Conference at Madison, 111. He there made the acquaintance of several prominent Methodist cler- gymen, and opened a school at Lebanon, 111., which was the germ of McKendree College. In August, 1830, he entered the itinerant ministry, and was licensed to preach by the Rev. Peter Cartwright. He was sent to the Shoal Creek Circuit, which covered an almost unlimited territory, and when the Indiana Conference was organ- ized, in 1832, he went with the new conference, and was ordained a Deacon by Bishop Soule. In 1834 he was ordained an Elder by Bishop Roberts, and was employed in several fields of labor, in- cluding two years spent in St. Louis, Mo., till 1810. He was that year appointed a delegate to the General Conference in Baltimore, and was by that body elected Corresponding Secretary of the Mis- sionary Society for the South and West. He was the first Chap- lain ever elected by an Indian Council, having served the Choctaw General Council in that capacity in 1842. In 1848 he was elected President "of the Asbury University, Indiana, but declined the honor. In the General Conference in 1852 he was elected Bishop, together with Bishops Scott and Simpson; and he was the first Methodist Bishop who ever visited the Pacific Coast. When the question of the separation of the Methodists came up in 1844, he opposed the division, and afterward did all he could to foster a fra- ternal spirit. When the ecclesiastical property of the Methodist Episcopal Church South was confiscated for the time being, he was commissioned by President Lincoln and Secretary Stanton to take charge of it. This was a most delicate duty, and in its performance he visited New Orleans and other Southern cities, organizing so" cieties and appointing white and colored preachers. During the twenty-seven years in which Bishop Ames was in the episcopacy, his whole public life was marked by a strict adherence to the rules and discipline of Methodism, and even when the most difficult points came up for settlement he displayed a far-seeing judgment and quickness of apprehension, which enabled him to grapple successfully with them. Although grave and dignified in manner, there was a magnetism about him which attracted, and his preaching was always thoroughly enjoyed. He could scarcely be styled an orator,andyet his quiet reasoning,apt aphorisms, pertinent illustrations and earnestness, impressed more than mere declama- 516 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tion. He died at Baltimore, Md., April 25, 1879. He had been twice married, and Left a son and two daughters. — Applet oil's Annua!. 1879. tr orge S. Anderson was born in Belmont County, Ohio, Nov. 11, 181 L. where he lived till he was sixteen years of age. In 1827 he went with his lather to Guernsey County. When he was eighteen years of age his father died, and, being the eldest son, the care of his widowed mother and the management of the farm devolved on him, which duty he performed faithfully until his mother's death. He was married June 6, 1833, to Sarah Smith, a daughter of English parents. They had twelve children, all of whom lived to be men and women, and ten still survive. His wife died Sept. 17, 1870. He was again married July 3, 1871, to Amanda Beal, a native ot Ohio. They have three children. He is a member of the Univer- salist church, and his wife a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Anderson has held many local offices of trust, hav- ing held the office of Township Trustee for thirteen years, and the office of Justice of the Peace for nine years. He came to Ames Township, Athens County, in 1873. George Beasley, farmer and stock-raiser, was born Oct. 15,1S11, the eldest son of John and Elizabeth Beasley, who came from Vir- ginia and located in Bern Township, in 1823, where our subject was reared on a farm and received his education in the subscription schools, living with his parents until he was nineteen years of age. He was married April 15, 1830, to Mary A. Gardner, a daughter of Thomas Gardner, a pioneer of Ames Township. By this union there were twelve children, eight of whom still survive — Rosanna, Elizabeth, David, John J., Adeline, Sarah E., Calley M. and Charles M. II is farm contains 204 acres of improved land under a high state of cultivation. In his chosen avocation, that of a farmer, he has been very successful. John J. Beasley^ farmer and stock-dealer, born in Ames Town- ship. Athens d>.. Ohio. April 5, 1847, is the third son of George and Mary (Gardner) Beasley. He was reared on a farm and re- ceived his education in the schools at Amesville. At the breaking out of the late civil war, though only a boy. he went out in defense of his country, enlisting in Company G, Fifty-third Ohio Infantry, in which capacity he participated in many hard-fought battles, served until the close oi the war. and received an honorable dis- charge Aug. L3, L865. After the close of the war he returned to his native village, and the subsequent year he was sick and una- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 517 ble to attend to active business. After lie recovered he engaged in the mercantile business for several years, after which he engaged in the live-stock business, which he has since followed with marked success, and has for several years been identified with the leading stock dealers of Southern Ohio. Jle was married Aug. L5, L871, to Mazeppa Hill, a daughter of Solomon Hill, a pioneer of Athens County. They have one child — Austin. Mr. Beasley is the owner of a finefarm containing 235 acres of good laud under a high state of cultivation, admirably adapted to the purpose for which it is used — that of raising stock. His residence is in the village of Amesville. Henry B. Brawley, deceased, was born in Brownsville, Pa.. Dec. L9, 1806. When he was ten years of ago his widowed mother came with her four sons to Ohio and settled in what is now Ames Township, Athens County. Their struggle for a livelihood was a hard one, but it was firmly maintained, and all the sons were reared to manhood. Mr. Brawley was married Oct. 31. 1833, to Eliz- abeth McCune, daughter of Samuel and Mary McCune. She was born near the present site of Amesville, Feb. 17, 1812. She died June 22, 1883, leaving four children, two sons and two daughters. She had been a member of the Methodist church since fourteen years of age, and was known and honored by all the Amesville circuit for her hospitality and kindness. Mr. Brawley began life without pecuniary help. He first rented land just north of Ames- ville, but a few years later bought the farm, where he resided till his death. By industry, care and frugality lie gradually ac- cumulated a valuable estate. In business transaction.- and in the discharge of numerous trusts that were committed to him he was perfectly upright and faithful, being as conscientious in the perform- ance of public as he was in private affairs. Considering his early opportunities, he attained an unusual degree of intelligence and cult- ure. Fond of books and diligent in the improvement of his time, his reading was extensive and varied. He had an excellent general acquaintance with history and historical personages. He sought information mi public questions with as much interest as if they were private and personal. His favorite kind of reading, especially the latter years of his life, was poetry, and nearly all the standard poet> were to be found in his house. With some ot them he was very familiar and was fond of making quotations from the large number of passages with which his mind was stored. Ho was hos- pitable at home, genial and pleasant in every circle. The children of other persons were in several instances committed to his care. 518 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. He received them into his home and dealt with them as with his own, and they became attached to him as to a father. He was a man of careful judgment and settled convictions. One of the most beautiful things in his life was his tender, but manly, devotion to the memory of his wife, whose death preceded his by sixteen years. He was a member of the Methodist church forty j^ears. In 1845 he was appointed Steward, a position he held till his death. He was frequently honored by being a representative to the annual conferences, and the punctuality, precision and efficiency with which he discharged the duties of his post is seldom equaled among church officials. He was not a mere business man of the church ; though quiet and undemonstrative, he cherished a deep religious life, and his influence was felt in every part of his circuit of which he was for many years the most conspicuous and widely known member. He died June 5, 1879, but long will he live in the memory of those who knew him. Of his four children, three are still living — Edward H., M. E. and John P. His youngest daughter, M. Kate, died April 19, 1881. She was a most devoted Christian, and when the Methodist church called for women to labor in behalf of foreign missions, she gave herself, heart and soul, to the work. She was chosen a District Secretary, and for more than eight years gave her time and labor to the cause. Being of a timid and nervous disposition, the position was a very trying one, as she was often called upon to appear as a public speaker, and she never succeeded in overcoming her embarrassment. The amount of writing she did, considering her feeble health and the demands of domestic duties, deserves especial notice. Her correspondence was necessarily extensive ; her preparations for her public efforts required considerable time, and she sometimes wrote for the press, her articles being generally for children and appearing in the West- ern Christian Advocate, Ladies' Repository, and the Nursery. From the numerous testimonials of her excellence and worth we subjoin the following, passed T at the annual session of the Cincin- nati Branch of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society, held in Ilillsboro a few days before her death : "Whereas, Our beloved friend and co-worker, sister M. Kate Brawley, the efficient Secretary of Marietta District, has in the providence of an All-wise Father been called from doing to suffer- ing his will, " Resolved, That we hereby tender our sincere regrets at her absence at this our annual feast, and extend our warmest sympathy HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 519 with the hope that, if consistent with his holy will, a restoration to health may permit her to again enter the work she loved so well. ' ' Mary Warner, " Mary E. Sosmans, ' ' Committee. "Hillshoro, April 14, 1881." Edward H. Brawley, farmer and stock-raiser, born in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Jan. 2, 1835, is the oldest sun of the late Henry B. and Elizabeth (McCune) Brawley. His youth was spent in assisting his father in the management of the farm and at- tending the common schools, where his early education was ob- tained. After he grew to manhood, being ambitious, he attended the Ohio University at Athens for a time. He now has a fine farm of 140 acres. In connection with his farming pursuits he has been engaged in dealing in wool, and has met with good success and won the confidence and esteem of the community. He was united in marriage April 7, 1862, to Miss Jenny McCollom, who was born in Ohio but at the time of her marriage was a resident of Indiana. They have had six children, three of whom are living — Robert G., Mary Gertrude and Bertha Florence. Mr. Brawley has held many local offices of trust. In 1S70 he was appointed Assistant United States Marshal for this district. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. John P. Brawley, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Ames Township, Sept. 8, 1848, the youngest son of the late Henry B. and Elizabeth (McCune) Brawley. His youth was spent in assisting his father on the farm and attending the common schools, residing with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married Sept. 8, 1S75, to Miss Allie E. Wedge, of Coolville, Athens Co., Ohio. They have three children — Jessie, Lizzie and Mamie. Mr. Brawley has a fine farm of 221 acres of good land, a part of the old home farm. He and his wife are active members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Eli F. Brown was born in Ames Township, April 1, 1814, a son of John and Folly Brown. Flis youth was spent in assisting his father on the farm and attending the subscription schools. 'When he reached the age of twenty-one years he went to Lancaster, where he spent three years with an auctioneer, and subsequently for forty-one years he was engaged as a public auctioneer in his 520 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. native county. Mr. Brown has during his life been actively en- gaged in business of almost every description, and he has gained a wide reputation as an energetic and enterprising citizen. He was first married Aug. 27, 1834, to Amy Eddie, a native of Providence, R. I. By this union there were three children, only two of whom still live. He lost his wife April 3, 1867. He was again married March 12, 1868, to Nancy A. L. Dean, daughter of Gulliver and Mary (Cutler) Dean, and a granddaughter of the late Judge Ephraim Cutler, who was prominently identified with the early settlement of Ames Township. They have two daughters and two sons — Mary E., Julia A., Abel G., and "Walter G. Mr. Brown now lives on the old homestead of Judge Cutler, afterward of Gulliver Dean. It had never been owned by any but the family. He has been elected to many local offices of trust and responsibility. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Archibald Bryson, born in Bedford County, Penn., Aug. 27, 1813, is the son of David and Elizabeth (Kearns) Bryson. He has from a child been identified with this township, his parents coming here in 1816. His father entered a tract of unimproved land, where he reared his children and lived till his death, in September, 1854, aged seventy-seven years and ten days. His wife died in 1864, aged eighty-one years. Mr. Bryson, the subject of our sketch, lived with his parents till manhood. He was married Oct. 11, 1835, to Henrietta Davis, daughter of John and Matilda (Atwood) Davis. He purchased the place where he now lives in 1835. At that time there was a small log house and a log stable on it, and but a small portion cleared. He now has 120 acres of the best land in Athens County. Mr. and Mrs. Bryson are the parents of twelve children, only seven now living — David W., John D., Fannie F., Elizabeth J., Morris O., George W. and Eliza D. Mrs. Bryson is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. William Cone, farmer, born in Ames Township, Sept. 11, 1822, is the oldest son of Albert B. and Sarah Cone, who were among the early settlers of Athens County. His young days were spent on a farm, and at the age of twenty he began learning the trade of a blacksmith, at which he worked for several years. In 1856 he purchased the farm on which he now resides, and has since devoted his time to farming and stock-raising. He was first married Dec. 25, 1846, to Miss Mary Ketler. They were the parents of two children — Augustus W. and Mary E. Mrs. Cone died Jan. 17, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 521 1854. Mr. Cone was again married Aug. 29, 1856, to Ruth McCune. To them were born two children — Julien and Charles. His wife died Oct. 15, 1871, and he was married April 15, 1873, to Mrs. A. P. Lamb, of Marietta. They have one child — Frank W. Mr. Cone is a self-made man and has accumulated his property by his own exertions. William H. t Curfman, merchant, was born in Frederick County, Md., March 2S, 1832. When he was five years of age he came with his parents, George and Cordelia (Hemsworth) Curfman, to Ohio and located in Morgan County. Here he was reared and educated until he was sixteen years of age, when he went to learn the carpenter's trade, which he followed three years. He then came to Amesville and engaged as clerk with George Walker, Jr., in the mercantile business. He served in that capacity for three and one-half years, when he purchased an interest in the business, which they carried on successfully until his partner, Mr. Walker, died, and our subject being unable to control such an extensive business, sold out and engaged as clerk with Patterson Bros, in the same place, and remained with them two years. He then went to Salina, Athens Co., Ohio, where he continued in the same occu- pation for a period of seven years. He then returned to Ames- ville and formed a partnership with John Patterson and carried on a successful mercantile business until 1879. At this time they met with a severe loss by fire, amounting to about $10,000. He imme- diately purchased a stock of goods which he placed in the store he has since occupied. During Mr. Curfman's many years in the mercantile business, he has by fair dealing won the respect and confidence of his many patrons. He has never aspired to publicity, but in 1878 his friends urged him to accept their proffered suffrage for the office of County Commissioner. He was elected by a large majority, and has since held the important position with honor to himself and credit to his constituents. Mr. Curfman was married Nov. 30, 1851, to Julia A., daughter of L. B. and Jane (Henry) Glazier. By this union there were four children — O. A., Louie, Mattie and Maud. Mr. and Mrs. Curfman are consistent members of the Presbyterian church, he being an Elder of the organization. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278. Henry H. Curtis, farmer and stock-dealer, born in Ames Town- ship, Athens Co., Ohio, is the oldest son of Moses and Sophia (Henry) Curtis. He was born June 15, 1837, reared on a farm, and received his education in the common school. Shortly after 522 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. he reached his majority his father died, leaving the management ot a large estate to our subject. He was first married Sept. 9, 1860, to Jane Sundland, of Maryland. By this union were two children, one still living — Edwin C. Antie C. died Jan. 15, 1865. Mrs. Cur- tis died Sept. 23, 1869. He was again married Oct. 4, 1870, to Miss Sarah E. Sundland, a sister of his first wife. They have one child — Effie B. Mr. Curtis is the owner of 380 acres of good j an( j which is admirably adapted to the purposes for which it is used. His residence is beautifully located in the suburbs of the village of Amesville. Nathan W. Dean, farmer and stock-raiser, is the oldest son of Nathan and Eanny (Lane) Dean, and a grandson of Nathan Dean, who was prominently identified with the early settlers of Ames Township. Our subject was born in Bristol County, Mass., Nov. 1, 1818, and when about six months old came with his parents to Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio. They made the journey in a wagon, and our subject was suspended from the bows of the wagon cover in a clothes-basket. His father having the contract of carry- ing the mail from Amesville to Marietta, when our subject was twelve years of age he assisted him in these duties. At the age of seventeen years his father died, leaving his mother and sisters and the management of the farm to the care of our subject. He has since followed assiduously the avocation of farming. He was mar- ried in 1846 to Miss Catherine McDannald, a native of Pennsylva- nia. They had two sons, only one of whom still survives — Nathan Edgar. Plenry L. died Nov. 9, 1873, at the age of twenty-two years. He still lives on the old homestead, which contains 224 acres of good land under a high state of cultivation. His son, Nathan E., resides with him. He was married Oct. 11, 1876, to Roena E. Owens. They have two children — Mertie Lee and Lin- nie May. He is engaged irj farming and stock-raising with his father, but in connection with his farming pursuits has for the last ten years been engaged as a public auctioneer. B. A. Ellis was born in Perry County, Ohio, in 1846, and when about two years of age came with his parents, R. R. and E. S. Ellis, to Athens County and settled in Amesville, where his youth was spent in attending school and clerking in a store until he was sixteen years old. In response to his country's call, though yet but a boy, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Ohio Infantry for six months but served nine months before being mus- tered out of the service. Again in 1864, he enlisted in the One Hun- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 523 dred and Sixty -fifth Regiment, where he served for four months, and in 1865 re-enlisted in the One Hundred and Eighty-fourth Regiment, where he served until the close of the Rebellion. He participated in many severe skirmishes but in no regular engagement. After the close of the war he returned to Amesville and attended school for two years, working on a farm a portion of the time, after which he engaged in painting, which occupation he followed for four years. He was married March 16, 1871, to Lois S., a daughter of Moses^and Sophia (Henry) Curtis, who were prominently iden- tified in the early settlement of Ames Township. By this union were two sons and one daughter — Frank and Fred (twins), and Edna May. After his marriage Mr. Ellis engaged in farming, which avocation he followed until the spring of 1880, when he accepted a position as clerk in the establishment of John Patterson, where he has won many friends and gained the confidence of his employer. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian church, and he has ever been an ardent worker in the temperance cause. Walter G. Finch was born in Washington County, Ohio, Sept. 15, 1823. He was reared on a farm and received his educa- tion in the common schools. Ho was left an orphan at the age of eight years and thrown on his own responsibility. He found a home with Gulliver Dean, of Ames Township, with whom he lived until he reached his majority. He was married Nov. 1, 1819, to Miss Juliette Smith, a native of New York City. They have seven children — Charles, Sarah, Alice, Nina, Edward, Juliette and Will- iam. Mr. Finch purchased his present farm in 1855, where he lived for three years, when he sold out and six years later again purchased it. He has 200 acres of good improved land. He has held the office of Justice of the Peace since 1871. He is a member of the A. F. & A, M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278. Daniel Fleming, farmer and stock-dealer, born in Athens County, Ohio, in 1822, is a son of John and Christina Fleming. John Fleming was born in Germany in 1777, and at the age of fifteen years came to the United States and located in New York, and at an early age engaged in the coal business, in which he met with marked success. In 1819 he came to Athens County, Ohio, and purchased an interest in the Ohio Land Company's grant. He hav- ing considerable means contributed liberally by his influence and from his personal means to improve the country, which was then a wilderness. After remaining about six years he returned to New York, but still retained his interest in the Ohio lands. He was 524 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. married March 11, 1806, to Christina Smith, a native of New York City. By this union there were eleven children, six of which lived to be men and women, and three still living — Martin, Jane and Daniel. John Fleming died in New York City in 1841, and his wife died in Ames Township in 1863, at the advanced age of seventy-nine' years. Our subject was reared in New York City, his youth being spent in attending school. At the age of twenty- two years he returned to the place of his birth, where he has since resided, and since his arrival in this county he has followed assid- uously the avocation of farming and stock raising and dealing, aud by good management he has met with remarkable success. He was married May 16, 1846, to Lucy P. Gardner, daughter of Thomas and Margaret (Smith) Gardner, who was born in 1824. Thirteen children were born to them, eight of which still survive — Joseph, William, John, Theodore, Lincoln, Lucy, Julia and Edith. A. J. Frame, Auditor of Athens County, Ohio, the eldest of nine sons and ten children of John and Mary (Nesmith) Frame, was born at Coolville, Athens County, Aug. 21, 1834, where he was reared and educated in the public school and the Coolville Seminary, attending the latter four years. In 1856 he became associated with his father in the mercantile business and so con- tinned until 1865, when his father retired from business. His brother, A. P. Frame, then became associated with him, he himself retiring from the business in 1874. In 1875 he was elected Treas urer of Athens County, and re-elected in 1877, holding the office four years. In 1880 he was elected Auditor of Athens County, and re-elected in 1882. Besides being a countv officer he has held the office of Treasurer of Troy Township for many years. Politi- cally he is a Republican. July 14, 1S56, he was married to Har- riet Smith, of .Racine, Meigs Co., Ohio, who died May 31, 1882. They have three children — R.# A. and J. F., both telegraph oper- ators on the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad, and E. C, attending 6chool. Mr. Frame is a member of the Athens Commandery,No. 15, Knights Templars. John Frame, deceased, fa pioneer of Troy Township, Athens County, was born in Crawford Countv, Pa., Sept. 20, 1807. Although born and reared on a farm he as an apprentice learned the tailor's trade, serving six years. In 1832 he emigrated to Ohio and settled at Coolville, Athens Countv, where he followed his trade until l>s40, when he engaged in general merchandising, and also dealt in wool, grain and produce. In November, 1833, he was married to Mary Nesmith, of Dover Township. They were blessed HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 525 with a large family, nine sons and one daughter, all of whom are living excepting one son. He retired from active business in 1865. He held the offices of Township Treasurer and School Director for many years. Politically he was a Democrat, a thorough and un- compromising Union man, but after the late war up to his death took no part in politics. He died Aug. 27, 1873, a truly repre- sentative man, who had endeared himself to his neighbors and associates by his many genial and amiable qualities. He was a member of the Congregational church, as is also his wife, who still survives him. Thomas Gardner, farmer and stock-raiser, Ames Township, was born in New York City, Feb. 1,1814, and in the fall of the same year his parents came to Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, and settled on the farm where he has since lived, formerly known as the Thomas Ewing homestead. He remained with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married Jan. 28, 1852, to Phebe Beasley, daughter of the late John Beasley, a native of Virginia. He has followed assiduously the avocation of a farmer, in which he has been highly successful, and now ranks among the larger land-owners of Athens County, having 511 acres of land under a high state of cultivation, on which he is engaged in rais- ing stock and grain, making a specialty of cattle and sheep of the higher grades. C. W. Glazier, merchant, Amesville, is the youngest son of Abel and Sallie (Brown) Glazier, who were among the early settlers of Athens County. He was born in Ames Township, Sept. 7, 1821, reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. His father died when he was sixteen years of age, when he was thrown on his own responsibility. He followed the avocation of farming until 1862, wheu he became engaged in the railroad business, which he followed for several years.* He was first married in 1842 to Eliza Cook, a native of New York. By this union there was one daughter — Frances. His wife died in September, 1869. He was again married in 1872 to Mrs. Sarah E. Walker, of this county. Mr. Glazier has for several years been successfully engaged in the mercantile business at Amesville, and bears an unsullied repu- tation among his fellow townsmen. John Henry Glazier, farmer, section 8, Ames Township, was born in this township Dec. 13, 1820, and is the son of Loring B. and Jane (Henry) Glazier, grandson of Abel Glazier, and great- grandson of Captain Benjamin Brown, who was prominently iden- 526 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tified for many years among the early settlers of Athens County. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the schools of Amesville. He lived with his parents until their death and then succeeded them on the old homestead. He was married Jan. 1, 1851, to Sarah Ann, daughter of Mathew and Mary Henry, who settled in Athens County in the year 1839. By this union were five children, four of whom still live — Alice (deceased), Edna, Lor- iu or U., Emma D. and Louis B. Mr. Glazier has always stood in the foremost rank to aid every laudable enterprise which would be of interest and benefit to the community. In the year of 1845 he was elected to the office of Township Clerk. This position was not at that time a very remunerative one, as he only received $5 per year; yet by his strict attention to the duties thereof he gained the confidence of the people and >vas by them re-elected each year until 18S0. He has also held many offices in the agri- cultural society, an enterprise in which he takes great pride. He is physically a man of great personal strength and courage, and in- tellectually possesses great common sense and unusual native men- tal vigor. In his chosen avocation, that of a farmer, he has been highly successful and uses his accumulated wealth to the best ad- vantage in surrounding himself and family with all the comforts of life, and giving to his children a thorough and practical education. Besides caring well for those of his own household he is not unmindful of the wants of others, and his unostentatious generosity contributes to relieve the necessities of many. Upright in his deal- ings with his fellowmen, charitable to the weaknesses of others, gen- erous to the deserving poor, conscientious in the discharge of every duty, he receives, as he deserves, the considerate respect of his fel- low-citizens, and has always the respectful obedience and affection- ate regard of those of his own household. He has a fine farm containing 400 acres of good land under a high state of cultivation on which is a large and commodious residence surrounded by beauti- ful shade trees and shrubbery. John Henry Green was born on the farm where he now lives in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, March 18, 1842. His father, Steven "W". Green, was born on the same farm March 2, 1814. His grandfather, Ezra Green, was born in Worcester County, Mass., Oct. 8, 1776, and married Sally Proctor, Oct. 2, 1805, and soon after came to Ohio and settled on the above-mentioned farm, where he lived till after the death of his wife, Nov. 25, 1819. He then went to Wash- ington County, where he married Mrs. Dodge and passed the re- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 527 mainder of his days. His death occurred Sept. 21, 1822. Steven W. Green went with his father to Washington County and resided until after his death. He was married Sept. 1, 1836, to Miss Lucy Green, a native of Washington County. After his marriage he re- turned to the old homestead in Ames Township, Athens County, where he followed the avocation of farming until his death. They were the parents of eleven children, five of whom are living. Mr. Green died March 26, 1864. Mrs. Green still resides with our sub- ject. She is a member of the Presbyterian church. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools, and has al- ways lived on the old homestead. He was married Nov. 24,1S70, to Miss Mattie Hatfield, a native of Wabash County, Ind. They have two children — Frank C. and Charles W. Mr. and Mrs. Green are members of the Presbyterian church. Daniel Hill, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Canaan Town- ship, Aug. 15, 1829, son of John and Nancy (Arnold) Hill. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. At the age of twenty-three he purchased the farm on which he has since resided. It contains 320 acres of improved land. In connec- tion with his farming he has been extensively engaged in shipping stock to Eastern markets. He was married June 11, 1858, to Miss Flora Lewis, a native of Noble County. They have had six chil- dren, four still living — William E., Annie M., Oliver E. and Lin- nie. Charles and an infant are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Hill are both members of the United Brethren church. Loren Hill, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Ames Town- ship, Jan. 21, 1837, the second son of Amos and Mary Ann (Miner) Hill. He lived with his parents on the farm during his minorit}-. receiving a common-school education. April 28, 1875, he married Lucinda, daughter of Nelson and Lucy McCune. They have four children — Herbert H., Luella M., Carny C, and an infant. After his marriage Mr. Hill bought a farm and lived on it till 1879. He then returned to the old homestead, where he has since resided, taking charge of the farm. Mrs. Hill is a member of the Presby- terian church. Solomon Hill was born in Spencer, Mass., Aug. 15, 1S14, and when three years of age came with his parents to Athens County and settled on a farm about two miles from where the village of Amesville now stands. The days of his youth were spent in as- sisting his father on the farm and attending the subscription schools. He resided with his parents until their death, and then succeeded 528 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tliem on the old homestead, which was purchased by his father in 1825. He has added to it until he has now 260 acres of good land. He has been extensively engaged in raising stock and sheep of the higher grades. He was married March 13, 1844, to Miss Ellen P. Mitchell. They are the parents of four children, all daughters — Alice A., Margaret J., Emma L. and Florence A. Charles Mathew Henry, farmer and sheep-raiser, was born in Ames Township, Athens County, Ohio, Nov. 6, 1842, the youngest son of Mathew and Mary (Park) Henry. He was married Sept. 16, 1867, to Elizabeth C. Goble, daughter of Thomas L. and Mary J. (Law) Goble. Her father was born in Athens County and her mother in Guernsey County, Ohio. By this- union there are two children- — Herbert, born Jan. 11, 1869, and Lizzie Alma, born March 27, 1873. He has a line residence in Amesville, built, on the foundation of the old home where he was born, in 1877. His farm is a part of his father's original purchase, containing 210 acres of improved land. He has taken great interest in the raising of fine sheep and has been to great expense in the importation of blooded stock, having a large flock of thoroughbred sheep. Mr. Henry is a member of the Presbyterian church and his wife of the Methodist Episcopal. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278. James Henry, farmer, section 3, Ames Township, born in Wash- ington County, Ohio, in 1807, is a son of John Henry, who emi- grated to the United States, from Ireland, settling in Pennsylvania for a short time, and in 1 781 came to Ohio and settled in Washington County, and in 1817 came to Athens County, where he purchased of the Ohio Purchase Company 640 acres of land, and here our subject was reared and educated. Mr. Henry was first married Oct. 29, 1835, to Sophronia Goodspeed, a native of Massachusetts, but her parents were among the pioneers of Athens County. By this union there were three daughters — Sarah E., Mary J. and Flora E. His wife died Nov. 11, 1871. He was again married June 2, 1875, to Mrs. Sarah C. Rolston, who was a sister of his first wife. Mrs. Henry has one daughter by her former marriage — Miss Fannie Rolston, a young lady of rare intellect and refinement. Mr. Henry has held many offices of trust, and by his honorable and up- right dealing has made many warm and true friends. He has a fine residence situated about one mile from Amesville, and his farm contains 175 acres of improved land. He has by industry accum- ulated a large property. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 529 John Henry, the second child of Bobert and Mary Henry, was born in Derry County, Ireland, in March, 1763. His mother's maiden name was Woodburn. He came to America in 1788, landing at Philadelphia, near where he remained about three years, working most of the time on a farm in Chester County. At this time he concluded to return to Ireland, and hoping to add something to his scanty means he decided to invest his earnings in flax-seed. With this merchandise he sailed for Ireland to join his family, but on the coast of that island, in sight of his home, the vessel, was wrecked and his flax-seed went to the bottom of the ocean. By this accident he lost nearly all of the fortune he pos- sessed. After remaining there about two years he again sailed for Philadelphia, bringing with him his wife and youngest son, leav- ing his eldest son, John, with his father. 3^ . emained in Ire- land until he grew to manhood, when he came to Nova Scotia and there engaged in farming. As no communication between him and the rest of the family has taken place for many years it is not known what became of him. Mr. Henry, after arriving in Amer- ica the second time, settled in Chester County, Pa., and remained there until 1801, when he came to Washington County, Ohio. Here he rented a farm in Newport Township and remained on it about five years, when he bought a farm on the Ohio River, five miles below Harmar, to which he at once removed and spent a number of years in improving. He had, when a young man, learned the trade of a wheelwright, and after he came to Ohio was able to turn this knowledge to profitable account, there being a good demand for flax-wheels among the early settlers, where al- most every family used one for the manufacture of its own cloth, and by industry he could make two wheels a week, which were worth $4 each. The high water in the Ohio River in 1815 decided him to sell this farm, and in the spring of 1817 he removed to Athens County, having already bought section 33 in Bern Township. Here he lived until the time of his death, which occurred Feb. 27, 1854, a few days before he was ninety-one years old. During his long lite he was a continuous example of industry and economy. He was twice married. His first wife was Miss Rachel Henry, whom he married in Ireland in 1787. She died in 1809. In 1811 he married Miss Margaret Mc- Nutt. who survived him about three years. His children by the first wife were five sons and four daughters, and by the last, tour sons and six daughters, in all nineteen children; one daughter died 34 530 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. iu infancy, but the remaining eighteen Mr. Henry lived to see grow to manhood and womanhood. Mr. Henry is the progenitor of many children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. At the time of his death he had nearly sixty grandchildren and ten great- grandchildren living, the latter number having since been raised to nearly ninety. These do not include the children and grand- children of John Henry, Jr., who lived in Nova Scotia. The de- scendants of Mr. Henry are pretty generally farmers, there being only a few exceptions. They are industrious and in good circum- stances and as a class are good and useful citizens. # M. B. Henry, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Ames Town- ship, Athens Co., Ohio, May 15, 1840, the fourth son of Mathew and Mary (Park) Henry, who came to Athens from Washington County in 1839 and located in Bern Township, and the subsequent year moved to Ames Township and settled on the farm near the vil- lage of Amesville, where our subject was reared and educated. He was married Oct 17, 1865, to Eliza, daughter of Moses and Sophia (Henry) Curtis, who were prominently identitied with the pioneers of Athens County. She is a lady of refinement and culture. This union was blessed with four children, two of whom are living — Edward Payson was born July 31, 1866, and died May 16, 1876, after a severe illness of typhoid pneumonia; Alice Glazier, born Sept. 4, 1870, died Oct. 26, 1878, when eight years of age; Yesta Curtis, born June 5, 1877, and Jesse Louis, born Nov. 29, 1880. Mr. Henry has a fine farm, a part of the old homestead, containing 182 acres of improved land adjoining the village of Amesville, on which he makes a specialty of raising sheep of the higher grades. His residence in the village was erected in 1876 and has all the conveniences of a modern house. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian church. Nathaniel P. [loisington, farmer and stockraiser, was born in Ames Township, Nov. 19, 1819, the youngest son of Joab and Annie B. (Green) Hoisington. His father was a native of Vermont and came to Athens County in 1804, and his mother a native of Massachusetts and came here in 1802. Our subject was reared on a farm and received his early education in the common schools, living with his parents until he reached his majority. He then took charge of the old homestead until the death of his parents. He was married Dec. 3, 1843, to Miss Elizabeth Weis, daughter of Jacob and Rosanna (Stalder) Weis, who came from Newbnrn, Switzerland, about the year L818. They have had a family of eight HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 531 children, seven still living — Dudley W., Kose, Mary, John B., Lou M., William P. and Kittie. Jacob L. is deceased. Mr. Hoisington purchased his present farm in 1857. It contains 230 acres of ex- cellent land and is one of the best farms in Athens County. lie has held several offices of trust in the township. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian church at Amesville. Mrs. Ann M. Johnson is the daughter of James Cook. Her grandfathers, Thomas Cook and James Reaves, were both soldiers in the Revolutionary War. She was born in Fairfax County, W. Va., March 6, 1812. She was united in marriage Feb. 14, 1835, to William T. Johnson, born in the same county, April 14, 1808. In 1S38 they came to Ohio and settled on a farm in Washington County, where they lived until 1843, when they came to Athens County and settled on a farm in Ames Township, belonging to William Cutler. Although Mr. Johnson was a hard-working man he was unable to provide his family with anything more than the necessaries of life, and Feb. 19, 1847, he died, leaving his widow and five small children in almost destitute circumstances. Being a woman of remarkable energy, she supported her family by her daily labors, and for several years walked a distance of two miles, did a hard day's work and returned home. In this way she educated her children so that as they grew up they were all able to teach school. When the late civil war broke out, her only son, William Thomas Johnson, then little more than a boy, went out in the defense of his country. He enlisted in July, 1861, in Company B, Thirty-sixth Ohio Infantry, and was engaged in some of the hardest fought battles of the Rebellion. He served his country faithfully for four years, never flinching from his duty, and at the close of the war received an honorable discharge and returned to his native home, and two months subsequent, Oct. 14, 1S65, died, leaving his widowed mother and four sisters and a large number of his old comrades to mourn his loss. Mrs. Johnson is an ardent worker in the cause of Christianity, having united with the Meth- odist Episcopal church in 1842. L. F. Junod was born in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio. Sept. 1, 1853. He was reared on a farm and received his early education in the common schools, finishing at the Ohio University at Athens, living with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married March 7, 1878, to Alice Southerton, of Athens County. They have one child — Ida Mabel. Mr. Junod and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He has a fine farm of 275 acres of improved land. 589 UIST0KV OV HOOKING VALLEY. Kilion Kasler, deceased, was born in Norwich, "Vt., Aug. 27, lT s ^. and married Mandana Pembers, who was born in Poultney, Vt., Feb. 27, L793, ami in ISIS they came to Ohio, having only \'2k cents when they arrived hero; but by industrious and eco- nomical habits they were able to accumulate a Large property. They were the parents of seven children, six of whom still live. They won" active members of the Methodist Episcopal church for many years, and both lived to an advanced age. Their youngest son, Andrew J, Kasler, was born in Ames Township, Athens Co.. Ohio, April o, L831. He was reared on a farm and received his educa- tion in the common schools. He lived with his parents until the death of his father, when he succeeded him to the homestead and eared for his aged mother until her death. lie was married Oct. 1. L855, to Mary A. Rathburn, of Ames Township. They hav had live children, only four of whom are living — Marvin M. (deceased), Lillie IX, Lewis W., Asa A., Sally A. Mr. K. has a tine farm of L50 acres of good land under ahigh state of cultiva- tion. Frederick P. Kasler was born in Clinton County, X.Y., A.ug.29, L817,and when one year old came with his father's family to Ohio, and settled in Ames Township, Athens County. He was the second son of Kilion and Mandana Kaslcr. His youth was spent in assist- ing his father in clearing and opening up their frontier home, and attending school. He was married April 10, L843, toJane L. Minor, a daughter of Nathan L. and Hannah L, Minor, who were prominently identified with the early settlers of Ames Township. Seven children were born to them, six now living — Kilion, Royal P.. Ellen, Alice. Warren V., Georgiana, and Charles (deceased). Mr. Kasler has always followed assiduously the avocation of a farmer, having moved on his present farm in LS4o. He has accu- mulated a good property, ami by his honest and upright dealings, has won the contidenee and esteem of the entire community. He has held many local offices of trust. His wife died Feb. 20, 1 Wi- llis farm contains 153 acres of improved land on which, in the year 1881, he erected one of the best farm houses in the township. v 'h Linscott, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Ames Town- ship, Athens Co.. Ohio, Aug. 2, 1836, a son of George and Sarah (Davis) Linscott, and a grandson of Israel Linsoott, who was one of the early settlers of Ames Township. He was reared on a farm, and received his education in the common schools, residing with his parents until he was twenty-two years of age. He was history OF HOOKING VALLEY. .>■>., married Jan. 10, L858, to Miss Elizabeth Morris, of Athens County. They have had twelve children, oi whom ten are living— George J., Perley J., Earvey L I).. Sarah C, Daniel 8., Charles 0., Nora M., Adeline D., Alonzo V. and Emmit. Mr. Linscott has always fol- lowed theavocation of farming, and by his own industry and e tion has accumulated a large property. His farm contain-: 200 acres of improved land, under a high state of cultivation. He and his wife are active members of the Church of the Discipli John Matheny, farmer, was born in Athens Township, March 20, 1841, the -'Mi of John and Rebecca Matheny. He was reared on a farm, and has during his whole life followed that occupation. On reaching his majority he purchased a farm in Athens Township on which be re ided abouteight years. In 186)7 he came with his family to Ames Township and purchased his present home, which is a lino farm containing L22 acres of improved land. He was married April 17, 1862, to Miss Mary E. Boyles. They are the parents of three children -George G., Minerva E., and Electa !•'. Mr. Matheny has been very successful through life and uses hi cumulated wealth in surrounding himself' and family with the comforts of life. .Mrs. Matheny is a member of tin: Methodist Episcopal church. A. Matteson . Ames Township, Ohio, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Bennington County, Vt., Sept. 11. L843, a onofLeland and Livia Matteson. Our subject was rearedon a farm and re ceived his early education in the common schools and finished al the Ml. Auburn Seminary. He was marriedin L869to MissSarah Wilmarth, a daughter of Ambrose, who was the only surviving son of Rufus Wilmarth, who emigrated to Washington County in L815, settling near Plymouth, where he passed his remaining days. Ambrose Wilmarth purchased the farm now occupied by A. Mat- in L840. He was married in the fall of 1833 to Miss Sarah E. Larue. By this union was one child, a daughter. Hiswife died in 1862, and he was again married in L866 to Miss Laura Pugsley, of Hocking County. In L867 Mr. Wilmarth moved to Clinton County and remained until L870, when he returned to Athene County, purchasing the property where he till resides, near Salina. Mr. Matteson ince his marriage has resided on his pree cut farm, where he has been engaged in raising line stock, in which avocatidn he has been highly successful and gained a wide reputation. They are the parents Of four children, of whom three are still living— Orson S., Livia G. and Sarah E. His farm con 534 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tains 160 acres of line land under a high state of cultivation, ad- mirably adapted for the purpose for which it is now being used. Jacob McCuen, was born on the 25th day of May, 1801, a son of John and Mary (Boyles) McCuen, who were from Be dford County, Penn., and came to Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, in 1706, where they lived the remainder of their days. Our sub- ject spent his youth in assisting in clearing and improving the farm, and received a limited education in the subscription schools. After he grew to manhood, in connection with his farming pur- suits, he worked at carpentering for many years. Much of his leisure time was spent in hunting wild game, which was abundant at that early day, and as a marksman Mr. McCuen had no superior. He was united in marriage, Jan. IS, 1823, to Lyda Owens, a native of Washington County. By this union are five children — Nancy, Vesta, Adaline, Charles O. and Theodore A, Joseph K. Minor, farmer and stock-dealer, was born in Colum- bus, Ohio, Jan. 28, 1827, the son of Nathan and Hannah Minor. During his infancy his parents came to Athens County and settled in Homer Township, which is now in Morgan County. His father died when he was five years old, and he soon after went to live with Nathan Hill, with whom he remained until he reached his majority, and during this time was able to save $100. He has always followed farming, and in 1863 became connected with J. B. Brown, in the stock business, in which he continued for nineteen years, meeting with considerable success. He now owns a tine farm of 158 acres of good land. He was married Jan. 13, 1818, to Eliza A. Mitchell, a native of Ames Township. They have had six children, five still living — Edith J., Helen S., Albert G., Oliver D. and Lawrence L. Charles K. is deceased. H. A. Oberholzer was born in Bern, Switzerland, Nov. 8, 1812, and came to the United States with his parents in 1819, locating in Athens County. Here our subject was reared, and for the greater part of his life resided. When about eighteen years of age he went to work on the Ohio Canal, and followed this occupa- tion for about four years. He then returned to Ames Township, and has since been engaged in tanning. In 1833 he entered eighty acres of Government land and afterward bought forty acres, which constitute his present farm. He was married Dec. 2, 1811, to Miss Nancy, daughter of Albert B. and Sarah Cone. They have had four children, three of whom are living — Mary S., William A. and Louis W. Frederick II. is deceased. Mr. Oberholzer has held HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 535 several offices of trust in his township. He and his wife are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. David W. CPNeal was born in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, April 12, 1843, a son of Samuel and Mary (Bryson) O'Neal, who were among the pioneers of Athens County. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools. When he was fourteen years of age his father died, leaving our subject to manage the farm of about thirty acres cleared land, with an incumbrance of $700, and care for his mother and sisters. By strict attention to his work he had the debt paid off before he was twenty yeai^ of age. He was married Sept. 14, 1862, to Susan M. Johnson, of Ames Township. They are the parents of seven chil- dren, five of whom are still living — Elsworth D., John T., Charles V., Samuel R., Osro Ben Eddie. Mary and one infant are deceased. Mr. O'Neal has an improved farm of 170 acres of good land. He and his wife are active members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Horace C. Owen was born in Ames Township, March 31, 1861, son of James P. and Minerva J. (Carter) Owen. His education was received in the common school and completed at Bartlett's Academy and at the Northwestern Ohio Normal School. He was engaged for a time with the O, C., C. & I. R. B,., as car tracer, and in other capacities. He is now engaged in the mercantile business at Bishopville, where he receives, as he deserves, a large portion of the public patronage. He was married April 11, 1883, to Mat- tie G., daughter of Wm. H. Glazier, a lady of culture and much refinement. Mrs. Owen is an active member of the Presbyterian church. James G. Owen was born in Washington County, June 25, 1805, a son of James Owen, who came to Ohio in 1788. His wife is said to be the first white woman in the Northwestern Territory, and as near as can be learned, the Ohio Purchase Company donated her 100 acres of land on that account. After the Indian war they settled in Adams Township, Washington County, where Mrs. Owen died in 1800, after which Air. Owen married the mother of our subject, Miss Zuby Brown, a daughter of John Brown, a native of Massachusetts, and a soldier in the Revolutionary War, who, at the battle of Bunker Hill, received two severe wounds. Ten years after the death of his first wife, Mr. Owen died, leaving a widow with three small children — James G. being an infant. His youth was spent at the home of his Grandfather Brown. Ho was first 536 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. married Nov. 27, 1823, to Polly B. Palmer. They were the par- ents of eight children, seven of whom are still living. His wife died in March, 1861. He was again married Aug. 24, 1862, to Mrs. Ann Thompson, who was a sister of his first wife. He came to Athens County in 1827, where he has since resided. Mr. Owen has accumulated a large property Iry his own industry, having nothing to start with, and in his old age he has a competence. Although eighty years of age, he retains the physical and mental vigor of his youth to a remarkable degree. A. C. Painter, merchant, Amesville, a native of Westmoreland County, Pa., was born Nov. 12, 1834, and when eight years of age came with his parents, Isaac and Eliza Painter, to Ohio, settling on a farm in Washington County. When he was thirteen years of age the family, consisting of the mother and eleven children, were bereaved by the loss of a generous and affectionate husband and a kind and indulgent father. At the age of nineteen he went to learn the shoemaker's trade, which avocation he followed assid- uously for a period of eleven years, after which he entered the store of John Patterson, as clerk, and continued in this capacity for a term of nineteen years. By his genial and courteous man- ner he won the confidence of his employer and the esteem of the general public; and, by his prudence and economy, he was enabled to enter the mercantile business for himself in the fall of 1882, in the village of Amesville, where he receives a generous share ot the public patronage. He was married Feb. 11, 1864, to Lauretta F., daughter of the late Dr. J. W. Moore, who was for many years a prominent physician at Amesville. She is a lady of intelligence and refinement. This union has been blessed by two sons — Will- iam and Fred. J nines Patterson is the oldest son of Jordan Patterson, who was born in North Carolina in 1702, and in 1807 came to Ohio and located in Jefferson County, where he lived until 1836. He was united in marriage, Oct. 27, 1814, to Mary Lipsey, born in 1798, daughter of Amasa Lipsey, who in the year 1801 assisted in survey- ing what is now Jefferson County, to which place, the subsequent year, he moved his family, it being then the frontier, inhabited only by Indians and native denizens of the forest. He settled on a farm, passing there the remainder of his days. Mr. Patterson came to Athens County in 1836 and located on a farm in Bern Township, where he resided until his death, Feb. 2, 1864, at the age of seventy-two years, having lived with his wife happily and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 537 contentedly for a period of over fifty years. They were the parents of eleven children, six of whom still live. He followed, since his early youth, the avocation of a farmer, and by an honest and upright life won the respect and esteem of all who knew him. He gave his children every advantage obtainable in that early day to gain a good English education, and when he passed away he caused his wife to mourn the loss of a generous and affectionate husband, and his children a kind and indulgent father. He and his wife were consistent members of the Society of Friends from their early youth. Mrs. Patterson still lives with her son James in Amesville, having reached the advanced age of eighty-five years. Her physical powers are but little impaired and she retains to a remarkable extent the mental vigor of her youth. Our sub- ject was born in Jefferson County, May 27, 1816. His youth was passed in assisting his father on the farm and attending the sub- scription schools. At the age of seventeen he was apprenticed to a blacksmith where he spent three years in learning the trade. In 1836 he came with his parents to Athens County and located in Bern Township, where he erected a small shop and followed for one year blacksmithing. He then came to Ames Township and located near where the village of Amesville now is. During that time he built the first dwelling in the place, into which he moved his fam- ily, consequently he became the first resident of the now old vil- lage. Soon afterward he moved his shop and followed his chosen avocation assiduously for a period of over forty years. In connec- tion with his regular business he carried on extensively the manu- facturing of wagons and carriages. Mr. Patterson was united in marriage in June, 1838, to Martha, daughter of John and Margaret Henry. By this union there were four children, two of whom still live — Mary M. is the wife of J. L. Dunbar and Lucy A. is the wife of Dr. A. Adair. Mr. Patterson was, during the oil excitement, engaged with a large New York company in leasing land, and employed a large number of men in prospecting. During the period of about three years he leased over 6,000 acres of land. He and his wife are both active members of the Presbyterian church, he having officiated as Deacon for over thirty }:ears. They are also members of the old pioneer society. He was, politically, formerly of the Whig party, and since the formation of the Republican party has ever been in the first ranks. John Patterson, merchant, Amesville, is the son of Jordan and Mary (Lipsey) Patterson, who were among the old settlers of Athens 538 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. County. Oar subject was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, Aug. 21, 1824. When twelve years of age he came with his parents to Athens County and settled on a farm in Bern Township. Mr. Patterson lived on a farm until he reached the age of fifteen years. He received his education in the common-schools. About the year of 1839 he came to Amesville where he was engaged in assisting his brother James in a blacksmith shop and attending school for about six years, after which he purchased a stock of goods and en- gaged in the mercantile business in the village of Amesville, which lie carried on for one year, when lie sold out and entered the store of Brown & Dickey as clerk, remaining with them one year. In the fall of 1848 he again engaged in business for himself, and has for a period of thirty-five years been prominently identi- fied among the leading merchants of Athens County. In the spring of 1879 he met with a serious loss by fire which consumed his store and entire stock of goods amounting to $10,000. He im- mediately built a large brick building and filled it with a complete stock and has now one of the finest stores in Athens County, where he does a very extensive business, amounting to about $25,000 a year, and by his strict attention to business has accumulated a large property and has, by his honorable and upright dealings with his patrons, won the confidence and respect of all who know him. He has held the office of Town Treasurer more than thirty succes- sive years. He was appointed Postmaster soon after Grant was first elected President, which office he still retains. Mr. Patterson was first married, Jan. 2, 1851, to Emma J. Glazier a daughter of L. B. Glazier. By this union there are two daughters — Ella F.,and Bell I., who is the wife of S. G. Adair. Mrs. Patterson died Sept. 16, 1862. He was again married, June 1, 1865, to Sarah E. Glazier, a sister of his first wife. They have one daughter — Emma. He and his wife are active members of the Presbyterian church. John Patterson was initiated in the first-degree of Masonry in Mount Olive Lodge at Chester Hill, Ohio, July 7, 1855. He was passed to the degree of F. C. July 27, and raised to the sublime degree of M. M. Aug. 22 of the same year. At the first meeting of the Amesville Lodge, U. D. which was held Feb. 18, 1S56, Mr. Pat- terson was appointed S. D. At the next election of officers, Dec. 8, 1856, he was elected S. D., which office he held two years. In 1858 he was elected S. AV\, in which office he was retained for two years. In 1860 he was elected W. M., to which he was re-elected the two following years. In 1863 he was elected Treasurer, which office he HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 539 filled until 1865. At this time he was elected J. W. In 1866 he was again elected W. M. which he held until 1878, with the excep- tion of two years. In 1878 he was elected Tyler, and in 1881 he was elected W. M., which office he still holds. Taylor Patterson, painter, Araesville, was born in Athens County, Dec. 19, 1848, a son of M. D. and Angeline (Sedgwick) Patterson. The father of our sketch was boru in South Carolina, Nov. 11, 1821, and came to Athens County in 1841 and followed the avoca- tion of farming and carpentering until the breaking out of the Rebellion. When his country needed brave and true men he an- swered the appeal by going out in the defense of the old flag and gave his life in defending his country. He was married Dec. 19, 1838, to Angeline, daughter of William and Elizabeth Sedgwick, who came to Athens County from Maryland in the year 1826. By this union were two children — Lucy J. and Taylor Patterson, the subject of this sketch, who was reared and educated in Ames Town- ship. Since he reached his majority he has followed the avoca- tion of painting in his native village of Amesville. Mr. Patterson is a man of an ambitious disposition and for several years has been at work in his leisure hours on an invention, a steam-propelling wagon, which without doubt in the near future will be of great ben- efit to the public at large. Ezra Phillips, Jr., farmer and stock-dealer, born in Ames Town- ship, Athens Co., Ohio, April 3, 1835, is the oldest son of Ezra and Mary Ann (McDougal) Phillips, who have been prominently identified with the interests of Ames Township since its early set- tlement. He was reared on a farm and received his education in ' the common schools, living with his parents until he grew to man- hood. He has always followed the avocation of fanning and stock dealing in which he has been remarkably successful. He was married March 7, 1872, to Miss Ellen Ring, a daughter of John Ring, who came from Somersetshire, England, in 1857, and located in Athens. They have had three children, two of whom are living — Ezra and William. John is deceased. Mr. Phillips has a fine farm of 417 acres under a high state of cultivation. J. B. Potter was born in Wheeling, W. Va., Sept 7, 1836, and when three years of age went with his parents to Perry County, Ohio, where he was reared. His father being a blacksmith he was early put to work in the shop, which avocation in connection with farming he followed until 1865. During the late war he engaged extensively in buying horses for the Government, meeting with 540 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. good success. He was married Aug. 15, 1858, to Miss M. J. Gift, a native of Morgan County, but at the time of her mar- riage a resident of Perry County. They had seven children, five of whom are living — Bertha J., Perley A., Ida B., Blanche A. and Willie. Mr. Potter came to Athens County in October, 1872, and purchased his present farm, which contains 270 acres of im- proved land. In 1880 he met with a serious loss by fire, having his residence and contents entirely consumed. Mrs. Potter is a member of the Methodist church. Lewis Rathbum was born in Delaware County, N. Y., Sept. 22, 1808, and came with his parents, David and Elsie (Lewis) Rath- burn, to Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, in 1809. Bte was reared on a farm, and received his education in the subscription chool, living with his parents until he reached his majority. He was first married in 1829 to Sally Kearns, of Washington County, Ohio, and by this union were six children, five of whom are still living. He purchased, his present home about 1830, where he has resided for over fifty years. His wife died Ma\ r 17, 1880, and he was again married in August, 1881, to Mrs. Mercy Dille, a daugh- ter of Israel Linscott, who was among the pioneers of Ames Town- ship. Jason Rice was born in Waterford, Ohio, in 1801, and came with his parents, Jason and Sarah (Hibbard) Rice, to Ames Town- ship, Athens County, in 1801, where he has since resided. When twenty years of age his father gave him one year of his time as his share of the estate. He was married. Nov. 12, 1826, to Caroline 'Duffee, a native of Rhode Island, who came to Ohio in 1817. By this union there were seven children, four of whom lived to be men and women, and two still living — Melona A. and Elizabeth C. After his marriage he resided on the old homestead for one year. after which he purchased a farm on Sunday Creek containing eighty-four acres of unimproved land, where he resided for eight years. He then sold out and purchased his present home, which contains about 200 acres of improved land under a high state of cultivation, where he lias resided for a period of over forty-seven years. Mr. Rice is among the foremost in contributing liberally to all enterprises that will be of interest and benefit to the commu- nity. Although eighty-two years of age, with the exception of his hearing being somewhat impaired, he retains his physical and men- tal vigor to a remarkable degree. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 51:1 Francis C. Robinson, farmer and stock-raiser, born in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Oct. 2, 1832, is the eldest son o John C. and Eliza A. Robinson, who were prominently identified with the early settlement of Ames Township. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools, remaining with his parents until he was twenty-three years ot age. He was married Nov. 17, 1855, to Miss Mary J. Johnson, a daughter of Joseph and Dorcas Johnson, also pioneers of Athens. They have ten children — Eliza T., Delila J., Thomas CI., Calvin C, Margaret L., William D., John Q., Polly E., Joseph F. and Mary E. Mr. Robinson owns a large farm on which he is nicely situated. He and his wife are members of the Disciple church. John C. Robinson was born in Wood County, W. Ya., March 22, 1803. When he was two years of age he came with his mother's fam- ily to Ohio and settled in Warren Township, Washington County, where they lived until he was thirteen years ot age, when they remov- ed to Ames Township, Athens County, where with the exception of a few years he has since lived. His father died when he was an in- fant, leaving his mother with a family of five small children in limited circumstances. The first year after they came to this county they located temporarily on an improved farm, after which they moved into the woods on school land, where the small boys cleared the land and supported their widowed mother. In 1818 they re- turned to Washington County, where they resided for two years. They then came again to Athens County and purchased a farm in what is now Bern Township. In 1826 Mr. Robinson, taking great interest in all the leading questions that were of benefit and interest to the community, with one or two others, started a petition to sep- arate Bern and Ames townships. He was married Sept. 17, 1826, to Elizabeth Ann Gardner, a daughter of Thomas Gardner. She was born in the city of New York in the year 1809. To them were born seven children, only five still living — Margaret and Polly (deceased), Frances C, Sarah E., James L., Delilah J., Lewis L. He moved on his present farm in 1836. It contains eighty-six acres of good land, under a high state of culture. Mr. Robinson never aspired to publicity, and could never be persuaded to accept the support of his friends to county or local offices. He has been a member of the Baptist church for about sixty years. His wife was a member of the same church . She died April 15, 1876. Mr. Robinson is eighty years of age, and by a long life of honest and upright dealings he has won a large circle of warm and true 542 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. friends, and the confidence and esteem of the entire community. Captain James B. Skooj), a resident of Amesville, Athens Co., Ohio, since the year 1866, was born Feb. 2, 1842, in the old town of Marietta, Ohio. From thence, about the year 1850, his parents moved to McConnelsville, Morgan Co., Ohio, at which place and the neighboring village of Malta he continued to reside until his settlement at Amesville as above stated. His father, though a skillful and industrious cabinet-maker, having a large family to support by his daily labor, was able to afford his son but a limited common-school education. He was early assigned work at the bench with his father, thus contributing his help to the family's support until his enlistment in the Union army in 1861. The war record of Captain Shoop is one of which he and his friends may be justly proud. When the Rebellion arose as a mighty hurricane and smote the Government with a force that made its strong pillars to shake, young Shoop was astir to support the cause of freedom and union. When, as yet, many with more favored opportunities were going to and fro, in doubt and indecision, a company, hastily re- cruited at his native city, Marietta, under President Lincoln's first call for troops, passed through McConnelsville, hurrying to defend the beleaguered capital city. This company Shoop joined, went to Zanesville and quartered the first night in the old market house. The next morning he w T as rejected at roll call, by the intervention of his older brother, Hewett, who, taking his place in the company, sent him reluctantly and disappointed to his home. Immediately on his return, however, he enlisted, one of the first in the county, in the company then forming, and was soon mustered into the three months' service, as a private in Company H, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, forming at Camp Anderson, near Lancaster, Ohio. In this campaign he served for nearly four months, discharging his duties in such a soldierly manner that assured his later and greater success. Soon after being mustered out President Lincoln issued his proclamation for volunteers for three years, or during the war. Shoop entered the service in Company B, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, forming at CampGoddard, near Zanesville. Enlisting as a soldier of the ranks, always prompt in the discharge of his duties, never asking, he nevertheless promptly earned and received promotion, passing through all the grades of non-commissioned officers. He was first commissioned as First Lieutenant in August, 1863, and was • assigned the command of Company B, and in 1861 he was awarded a Captain's commission, in which rank he closed his military ca- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 543 reer. The Captain won all these honors without home influence, solely hy his soldierly virtues in sight of all his comrades. He participated in many of the hardest fought battles of the war. In the bloody charge on Fort Wagner, on Morris Island, S. C, he re- ceived a severe wound in his side, from which he is still a sufferer. Always preferring to share the hardships and perils of his com- rades he went into the charge on Wagner, although on the sick list and excused from duty. He had many assurances and testimo- nials of the universal respect and esteem in which he was held by his command, one of the proudest of which was an elegant sword, sash and belt, presented to him by his old Company B, on Christmas, 1863, at Hilton Head Island, S. C. At the close of the war he was honorably discharged and he returned to his home in Morgan County, where on the 18th of July, 1865, he was united in the holy bonds of matrimony to Lizzie Koons, of McConnels- ville. By this union there were six children, of whom five still survive — Daisy (deceased), Fred, Hugh, Nellie, James and Edith. In 1866 Captain Shoop located in business in Amesville, where he has followed assiduously the avocation of a cabinet-maker, during which time he has met with several severe losses by fire. First in 1870 his home and contents were totally destroyed, and in 1873 a building in which he had furniture stored caught fire, by which our subject met with a loss of $300. In 1875 he was again visited by the fire fiend, when his shop, tools, and entire stock were wholly destroyed. But being a man of great energy he again started in business and has built up a fine trade. He is among the foremost to contribute to every laudable enterprise which will be of interest and benefit to the community, lending his influence and donating from his own personal means to all worthy objects of charity. He was first made a Free and Accepted Mason in March, 1868, an or- ganization in which he takes great pride, having held nearly all the offices to be conferred, and is among the first to promote the usefulness of the order. He is a Republican in politics and takes great interest in all political questions of the day. He and his wife are active and consistent members of the Amesville Presby- terian church. John Smith, farmer, was born in Ames Township in 1825, and is the son of Nicholas Smith,' who was one of the pioneers of Ath- ens County. Our subject remained with his parents until he reached his majority, and then purchased the farm on which he now resides, which contains 700 acres of well improved land. He was married in 54.4 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1847 to Miss Rosanna Weis, daughter of Jacob Weis. They have had seven children, four of whom are living — Mary E., Peter W., John L., Hiram B.; Jacob W., Lydia A. and Betsy are deceased. Fred Stalder was born in Ames Township, Athens County, July 17, 1842, a son of Frederick Stalder, a native of Switzerland, who came to the United States and settled ou the farm in Ames Town- ship, Athens Co., Ohio, where our subject now resides, in 1819. lie was reared on a farm and received his early education in the common schools, completing it at Bryant's Commercial College, at Chillicothe, Ohio. At the breaking out of the late Rebellion he enlisted in Company B, Thirty-sixth Ohio Infantry, in the sum- mer of 1861, where he participated in many hard-fought battles, of which were Shiloh, siege of Corinth, Vicksburg, Jackson, Mis- sion Ridge, New Hope Church, Atlanta and many others. At the last named he received a severe wound which disabled him from active duty for two months, and from which he has never recov- ered. He enlisted as a soldier of the ranks but earned and received promotion, passing through all the grades of the non-commissioned offices, and in the summer of 1863 receiving his commission as Second Lieutenant, and in a short time was promoted to First Lieutenant, which office he held until his term of enlistment ex- pired. He received an honorable discharge Dec. 24, 1S64, after which he returned to his native home and engaged in farming, which avocation he has since followed. He was united in marriage Nov. S, 1872, to Lydia Ashman, a native of Cincinnati. They have one child — Harry G. He has held many local offices, and in 1878 he was elected to the office of Justice of the Peace, and re- elected in 1881. He is a member of the Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R. Samuel D. Stiles, a native of Pennsylvania, was born Nov. 26, 1835, the son of Enos and Mary Stiles. When he was five years old he came to Ohio with his parents and located in Alexander Town- ship, Athens County, and three years after moved to Portsmouth, Ohio. His parents died when he was fourteen years of age and he was thrown upon his own resources. He became engaged in the fruit business which he followed for six years, meeting with good success. During the late civil war he was engaged as a teamster in the Quartermaster's department. He was married July 10, 1865, to Miss Susan E. Frisby. They have had nine children, six of whom are living — Martha A., Nathan C, Joseph E., Clarence W., Cary C. and Franklin W. Mr. Stiles has labored under many dis- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 545 advantages through life yet has been enabled to raise a large fam- ily of children, and has given each of them a good education. Mr. and Mrs. Stiles are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Judge George Walker was born in Boston, Mass., in 1774. His father, John "Walker, came from an old family in Leices- tershire, England, was a graduate of the University of Edin- burgh, and was a barrister at law. He removed to America in 1753, was married in Boston, and settled in Hartford, Conn. George received a good business education, engaging first in mer- cantile business at Cooperstown, N. Y. Through the dishonesty of his partner, he met with heavy losses and came to the territory of the Northwest in 1804. Here he purchased and settled on a farm near the present town of Amesville, where he remained all his life. When he came onto it the farm was a forest and he was without any practical knowledge of clearing or farming, but by patient endeavor he conquered all obstacles, coming out not only with means to support and educate his own family, but he took a great interest in, and contributed much to, the public welfare. He was one of the founders and principle supporters of the West- ern Library Association, the library being for a number of years kept at his house. He was also a leading supporter of the schools and all laudable enterprises. Soon after his arrival in the town- ship he was made a Justice of the Peace, an office which he held continuously for about twenty-four years. He was County Com- missioner for sixteen years, and was elected by the State Legislat- ure an Associate Judge on the Common Pleas bench, holding this position fourteen years. His son, George Walker, Jr., was for many years a business man in Amesville. Of his seven daughters the eldest was married to Colonel Charles Cutler, the second to Edgar Jewett, two of the others married physicians, one a banker, one a merchant, and one was the wife of Rev. Alford Pyors, formerly of the Ohio University. Rev. Wm. John Warrener, the eldest son of John Metham and Martha Warrener, was born at Bayswater, London, England, Aug. 3,1845. lie attended the common schools till he was ten years of age, when, on account of a weak physical constitution and failing health, he had to cave and go to work with his father, who was a house carpenter. During the nex ^hree years about one-half of the time was occupied at work and > other in attending school, after which he followed the occupati a of a farmer until he left England in 1869. Desiring to become something more than a 35 546 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. mere mechanic, he at the age of seventeen attended the Government School of Art at South Kensington, where he studied geometry, per- spective and free-hand drawing, and architecture. These studies were pursued in the evening from seven till nine, after his day's work of ten hours was done, for a period of two years, after which he made many designs of buildings, etc., which were afterward executed. "When nineteen years of age he became converted and united with the General Baptist church. One year thereafter he organized the Canterbury-road Baptist Sunday-school at Kilbourne, London, and began to speak in public on religious and temperance topics. Hav- ing been asked by his aunt to come to America, he left the home of his boyhood Aug. 11, 1869, and landed in New York City on the 24th and reached Ames Township on the 26th of the same month. On the 23d of September, 1871, he was, in Baltimore, Md., married by the Rev. J. T. Murray to Rachel A. Kelly, of London, England, born Nov. -4, 1813. She is a lady of much refinement and culti- vation. Mr. Warrener was naturalized in 1874, and has since taken an active part in public affairs. He is widely known as an able speaker and writer on political, social and religious subjects. In 1876, after much careful investigation and thought, he united with the Christian church, and on Aug. 14 of that year was ordained as minister of the gospel, and received as a member of the Ohio Eastern Christian Conference. In this, his favorite work, he has made rapid progress, and has represented it in its quadrennial ses- sion of the American Christian Convention in 1878 and 1882. His education was acquired in greater part by study after his day's toil of manual labor was done. Mr. and Mrs. Warrener are the parents of five children — John M., Sydney K., Harrison P., Emily "W. and Annie A. JZdmund Wheeler, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Athens County, Ohio, March 4, 1827, the oldest son of Ezra and Rachel Wheeler. His youth was spent on a farm and his education was received in the common schools. His father died when he was six- teen years of age, and he went to live with George Walker, Jr. At the breaking out of the Mexican war he enlisted. On arriving at Baton Rouge he was taken seriously ill, and was unable to attend to active duty. He received an honorable discharge and returned home to Ames Township, where he has since resided. He was first married Feb. 5, 1847, to .Nancy McCuen, a daughter of Jacob and Lyda McCuen, of Ames Township. They had one child, a daugh- ter, Adaline, the wife of L. F. Beasley, of Ames Township. Mr. Wheeler lost his wife Feb. 5, 1852. He was again married June history: of hocking valley. 547 23, 1858, to Georgiana L. Walker. He has a fine farm containing 150 acres of improved land adjoining the village of Amesville. He and his wife are active members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Jay Wilder, Ames Township, lumber manufacturer, was born in Oakland, Ohio, Feb. 22, 1852, where he lived until he was twelve years of age, when he went to Morgan County and remained until 1S70. He then came to Athens County, where he engaged in the lumber business. In 1873 he went to Virginia and remained until 1878, returning to Ames Township, Athens County, and en- gaging in the same business, which he has since followed. He was married Feb. 22, 1872, to Alpha Bailleau, of Bern Township. They have two children — Lillian and Pearley E. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278. Mrs. Wilder is a member of the Presbyterian church of Amesville. John Wyatt, deceased, was the eldest son of Deacon Joshua and Elizabeth Wyatt, and was born in Westmoreland County, Pa., Aug. 26, 1793. With his father's family he came to the then Territory of Ohio, in the spring of 1800, and after stopping one year at Marietta moved, in 1801, to the unsettled, uncleared and uninviting locality now Ames Township, then in Washington, now in Athens, County, O., where he spent the greater part of his long and active life. While at Marietta he attended school, taught by Mr. David Putnam, and afterward, in addition to the limited educational advantages furnished by the new settlement, he was for a limited period a student of the Ohio University, at Athens. About 1818 he was united in marriage with Emily Carpenter, a daughter of Captain Parker Carpenter. Ten children were born to them, seven sons and three daughters, all but two of whom grew to man and womanhood. Mr. Wyatt was a man of great energy and industry, and it may be well said of him he never ate the bread of idleness. Moving soon after his marriage upon a part of the same tract upon which his father lived, he soon cleared up his farm and caused the waste places and wilderness to blossom as the rose. His industry and frugality were not unrewarded, for he was not only enabled to furnish to each member of his numerous family a good farm as soon as they became of age, and render them mate- rial assistance all through his life, but had a large competency left for benevolent purposes and subsequent distribution. He was also a man of distinguished piety, and having united with the Pres- byterian church at the early age of nineteen, first at Athens and subsequently at Amesville, he continued an active, earnest, stead- fast and devoted member to the day of his death. But not willing that his work should end at his death, the church at Amesville, 518 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. toward the erection of which building he had so generously con- tributed, and the cause so liberally sustained all through his long life, was made the recipient of the munificent sum of $1,000, the annual interest of which is to be toward sustaining the gospel as long as the church shall exist. " Verily the good men do shall live after them." Mr. Wyatt was ever foremost in espousing the cause of the needy, destitute and oppressed, it mattered not in what form presented. No one went from his door hungry. This same hatred of oppression made him affiliate politically with the Abolition party when Abolitionism was far from being popular. The pursued slave ever found a safe haven in the house of John Wyatt. Another characteristic was his fondness for children and his desire to point them to the Savior. This was beautifully exem- plified but a few minutes before he breathed his last, by a little three-year-old granddaughter bidding him good-bye before retiring, when he took up and repeated with her the simple and familiar prayer of, " Now I lay me down to sleep," etc. But the life of Mr. Wyatt was not without its trials and difficulties. Six of his ten chil- dren passed the Jordan of death before him. His wife was sum- moned by death in 1865, and that loathsome disease, cancer, was for several years slowly but surely eating away his life. Death was a welcome messenger, coming Oct. 31, 1877. After the death of his wife he lived with his daughter, Mrs. Howe, at JBelpre, Ohio, where he died. In accordance with a long-cherished desire his remains were taken to Amesville for interment, and deposited by the side of his wife and children. Joseph Patterson, proprietor of the Isham House, Jackson, Ohio, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, in 1818, a son of Jor- dan and Mary Patterson. When he was nineteen years of age his parents moved to Athens County and located on a farm. When twenty-one years of age he started in life for himself, and soon af- ter married Grace Beck, who died fifteen months later, having one child — Mary. Two years later he married Martha Van Pelt, who died in 1861, leaving six children. Mr. Patterson then mar- ried Mary E. Pattent, by whom he has one child. In the early part of his life Mr. Patterson was in the mercantile business in Athens County, but since 1873 has been engaged in the hotel busi- ness. In 187-1 he removed to Jackson, and succeeded I. T. Mona- han as proprietor of the Isham House. The conveniences of the house are good; the guests are at all times treated with due courtesy, and the house deserves the patronage of the public. Mr. 'Patterson is a genial landlord, and at all times exerts himself to make comfortable the many guests who visit his house. CHAPTER XIX. ALEXANDER TOWNSHIP— A GIANT IN ITS YOUTH, NOW SHORN OF MOST OF ITS TERRITORY. As IT WAS AND NOW IS — Its BOUNDARY LlNES — TOPOGRAPHY — Early Settlers — "Whisky Transportation — Township Offi- cers — Justices of the Peace — Hebbardsville — Pleasanton — Woodyard P. O. — Churches, Schools, and Religious and Educational Interests. as it was and now is. When Athens County took upon itself the robes of official life, and secured a local habitation and a name among her sister coun- ties of the State, Alexander Township was one of the four into which the county was divided. It originally included the territory which now forms eleven townships, viz. : Bedford, Scipio and Co- lumbia, of Meigs County; Vinton, Clinton, Elk, Madison and Knox, of Vinton County; and Lee, Lodi and Alexander, of Athens County. In territorial extent it was equal to Ames, and twice as huge as Athens. The township was located and surveyed in 1795. This township with Athens, were the " college townships," and these naturally being in close connection, Alexander was for a long time known as "South Town." The township is a congres- sional township in size, and is located in the south tier of sections and second from the west line of the county. It is bounded on the north by Athens, on the east by Lodi Township, on the south by Meigs County, and on the West by Lee Township. Its general ap- pearance is hilly and uneven, yet within its borders are to be found many excellent farms, and the entire township is well adapted to stock-raising and wool-growing, in which pursuits its citizens are principally engaged. EARLY SETTLERS. Among the early settlers of Alexander Township, were. Robert Ross, William Gabriel, Amos Thompson, Enos Thompson, Edward Martin, Isaac Stanly, John, Jonathan, Joseph, Thomas and Isaac Brooks, Matthew Hairing, Thomas and John Armstrong, Jared, (549> 550 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Israel and Martin Bobo, Caleb Merritt, Joel Lowther, Michael Bowers, William Stroud, Esquire Bowman, Abner Smith, Charles and Isaiah Shepherd, Thomas Sharp, Richard and William Reaves- These all came as early as 1805. There was little difference in he settlement of this township from the others. They had their trials and hardships to contend with. Game was abundant, and the marksmanship of the old settlers proverbial. They wasted very little powder and lead, and when the bead was drawn and the sharp crack of the rifle heard, it was pretty certain death had claimed a victim. Two of the early settlers, who were noted hunters, Jere- miah Clements and Israel Bobo, killed sixty-five bears in one sea" son, on the site and its surroundings, where the town of Hebbards- ville now stands. These same old pioneers were very fond of whisky, and to procure the desired article took a load of bear skins to the Ohio River and traded them for a barrel of the same 5 and to get it home they made a sort of a drag of two poles to be drawn by the horses, and in this way conveyed it through the woods to their home. This was the first barrel of whisky ever brought into Alexander, but in after years the use of it became very common and fashionable, but at the present time the people are more temperate, and there are no saloons in the township. OFFICIAL. The early records of the township were destroyed by lire in the house of John McKee, in about 1828, but as nearly as can be as- certained the first Trustees were Caleb Merritt, John Brooks, and Thomas Sharp. The first Justice of the Peace was Caleb Merritt. The following is a list of the township trustees and justices since 1829. TRUSTEES. 1S29, Ziba Lindley, Sr., Sam'l McKee, N. Misner; 1S30, Ziba Lindley, Sr., Sam'l McKee, E. N.Nichols; 1831, Ziba Lindley, Jr.. Sam'l McKee, E. N. Nichols; 1832, Samuel Earhart, Asa Stearns, B. Parks, Jr. ; 1833, Samuel Earhart, J. V. Brown, B. Parks, Jr.; 1834, Ziba Lindley, Jr., J. M. Mahon, B. Parks, Jr.; 1835, Ziba Lindley, Jr., John Brooks, Samuel Earhart; 1836, Daniel Dudley, Ami Conde, Archelaus T. Clark; 1837, Samuel Earhart, John Brooks, Jr.. Archelaus Stanley; 1838, Wm. B. Reynolds, John Brooks, Jr., Franklin Burnham; 1839, Wm. B. Reynolds, John Brooks, Jr., Franklin Burnham; 1840, John v- '" -' I HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 551 Kickey, Peter Morse, John W. Drake; 1841, Franklin Bnrnham, John Grey, A. Love; 1842, Franklin Bnrnham, J. H. Brooks, A. Love; 1843, J. W. Drake, Ziba Lindley, Jr., A. Love; 1844, J. W. Drake, Ziba Lindley, Jr., A. Burtnett; 1845, J. W. Drake, Moses Patterson, A. Bnrtnett; 1846, George Bean, Daniel Teters, A. Bnrtnett; 1847, George Bean, John H. Brooks, Abram McVey; 1848, Archelans Stanley, John H. Brooks, Abram McYey; 1849, James S. Hawk, A. G. Henderson, William Wood; 1850, John Rickey, Joseph W. Blackwood, John W. Drake; 1851, John Rickey, George Bean, William Wood; 1852, John Rickey, Franklin Bnrn- ham, William Wood; 1853, Daniel Teters, Peter Long, William Wood; 1854, Missing; 1855, Alexander Love, James H. Martin, Abram Coe; 1856, Alexander Love, James H. Martin, William Campbell; 1857, Moses Patterson, William Wood, William Camp- bell; 1858, Moses Patterson, Isaac Stanley, George W. Sams; 1859, E. N. Blake, John Rickey, George W. Sams; 1860, E. N. Nichols, John Rickey, George W. Sams; 1861, E. N. Blake, John Rickey, George W. Sams; 1862, E. K. Blake, John Rickey, George W. Sams; 1863, E. N. Blake, Isaiah Bean, Isaac Brooks, Jr. ; 1864, E. N. Blake, Isaiah Bean, Isaac Stanley, Jr.; 1S65, B. Rickey, Isaiah Bean, Peter Long; 1866, B. Rickey, Isaiah Bean, Homer Chase; 1867, S. B. Blake, Isaiah Bean, P. G. Hibbard; 1868, Samuel Blake, Isaiah Bean, William Bean; 1869, I. Bean, S. B. Blake, P. G. Hibbard; 1870, S. [B. Blake, S. L. Matthews, John Rickey; 1871, S. B. Blake, John Rickey, J. J. Coe; 1872, S. B. Blake, John Rickey, J. J. Coe; 1873, S. B. Blake, John Rickey, J. J. Coe; 1874, W. B. Smith, J. jST. Scott, Henry Logan; 1875, W. B. Smith, J. F. Biddle, Henry Logan; 1876, W. B. Smith, J. F. Biddle, Henry Logan; 1877, W. B. Smith, J. F. Bid- die, S. B. Blake; 1878, Daniel Drake, H. B. Rickey, E. Reaves; 1879, P. G. Hibbard, H. B. Rickey, E. Reaves; 1880, J. F. Bid- dle, II. B. Rickey, S. B. Blake; 1881, Robert Buchanan, Daniel Drake, S. B. Blake; 1882, Robert Buchanan, Daniel Drake, G. W. Hooper; 1883, Daniel Drake, G. W. Hooper, W. H. Irwiu. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 1829, Ami Conde, J. M. Gorsline; 1831, Samuel McKee; 1832, J. M. Gorsline, Alfred Dnnlap, Samnel Earhart; 1834, Josmh Wil- son; 1835, William Golden; 1837, Josiah Wilson; L838, William Golden; 1849, Franklin Burnham; 1850, John Camp, Joseph W. Blackwood; 1852, Franklin Burnham: 1853. John Camp, Joseph 552 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. W. Blackwood; 1851, Joseph Mc Pherson, George Adair; 1S55, Daniel Drake; 1857, Joseph Mc Pherson, A. S. Coe; 1858, Daniel Drake; 1S60, James Strite, L. Oliver; 1861, L. C. Crouch. Wm. B. Dickerson, A. S. Coe. A. C. Murphy, S. H. Kinney; 1863, Leveu Oliver; 1864, Win. Watson, Amos C. Murphy; 1S66, Leven Oliver; 1867, Win. Watson, Amos C. Murphy; 1868, Peter Vor- hes; 1869, L. Oliver, A. C. Mnrphy, Peter Vorhes; 1S70, L. Oliver, S. L. Matthews, Peter Vorhes; 1871, L. Oliver, S. L. Matthews, C. Hooper; 1872, R. S. Dent, S. L. Matthews, C. Hooper; 1873, U. S. Dent, S. L. Matthews, C. Hooper; 1871, R. S. Dent, S. L. Matthews. 0. Hooper; 1875, R. S. Dent, S. L. Matthews, C. Hooper; 1876, R. S. Dent, S. L. Matthews, C. Hooper; 1S77, R. S. Dent, S. L. Matthews, Henry Logan; 1878, R, S. Dent, S. L. -Matthews, Henry Logan; 1879, R. S. Dent.S. L. Matthews, Henry Logan; 1880, R. S. Dent, S. L. Matthews, Henry Logan ; 1881, W. R. Northrop, S. L. Matthews, Henry Logan: 1882, W. R. Nor- throp, S. L. Matthews, Henry Logan; 1883, W. R Northrop, S. L. Matthews, B. F. Shamel. HEBBARPSVILLE. This quiet little town is located in the northwestern part of the township. It has never reached a very large size and now only contains about 100 inhabitants. Its business interests con- sist of a store and hotel both kept by B. Bean; one blacksmith, shop, by Jonas Lewis; a shoe shop, by J. J. Coe. who is also Post- master at the present time; one wagon shop, by W. R. Northrop. There is a Methodist Episcopal church located here and the Cum- berland Presbyterian nearby. It also has one school. Near the Cumberland Presbyterian church is located the priucipal cemetery of the township, which is pleasantly laid out and tastefully arranged. The people may well look with pride upon this beautiful City of the Dead which they have provided as the last resting place of those who pass on to the "other shore." PLEASANTON is situated in the eastern part of the township, on the road from Athens to Pomeroy, and at the present time contains nearly 100 inhabitants. The first house was built in L817 by Simon Pierce and other settlers located from time to time and a postoffice was established in 1851, with the very appropriate name of Pleasanton. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 553 The town has a high and commanding view of the surrounding country. In this place is located another ot the Methodist Episco- pal churches which is called McKendree's Church, and was built in 1869. Pleasanton has one general store kept by Henry Logan, Esq., while Dr. Bean attends to the wants of the sick and afflicted in this community. In the extreme southern part of the township is another postoffice, established in 18S0, and called "Woodyard's postoffice, with Mr. Woody ard as Postmaster. Alexander Township has nine churches, three Baptist, three Methodist Episcopal, two Methodist Protestant and one Cumber- land Presbyterian, all in a flourishing condition. The citizens of this township are generally of a peace-loving, church-going dispo- sition, and take great interest in religious, as well as educational, matters. The pleasant church and school buildings which are so numerous speak well for the people who support them, and are mon- uments to their intelligence and enterprise. The First Cumberland Presbyterian Church, of Alexander Town- ship, Athens Co., Ohio, was organized Oct. 10, 1832, at a camp- meeting held on the farm owned by Mr. Ziba Lindley, which was conducted by Revs. John Morgan and Jacob Lindley. At the time of organization six Elders were chosen as follows: Jacob McVey, Ziba Lindley, Jr., A. Yan Vorhes, Elijah Goodspeed, Samuel Ear- hart and Josiah Wilson. The following is a list of the original members: Dennis Drake, Abel Bower, Jemima Bovver, Anna McYey, Louis P. McLead, Mary McLead, Purnell Drake, Almus Lindley, Permelia Lindley, Thomas Armstrong, Surah Gray, Abram McYey, Lucinda McYey, Eliza Blakeway, Octava A. Farlin, Mary Farlin, Festus McYey, Rich- ard M. Drake, MelindaR. Drake, Susan Gabriel, McCraven Bean, John Clutter, Nathan Kinney, Abigail Wilson, Abram McKee, Elias Gabriel. Wm. Gabriel, Cyrena Clutter, Jane Yan Yorhes, Lydia Kinney, Abigail West, Laurence King, Mary A. King, Julia Brown, Dennis Drake, Jr., Olive Drake, Eliza Day, Chloe Good- speed, Phebe Brown, Andrew Gabriel, William Brown, William Bean, William 1 1 anbury, James McKee, John B. King, Joseph Post, Sarah Post, Eliza Tippie, Elisha Hibbard, Sela Hibbard, Daniel McLead, Elias Day, Cornelius Moore, Elizabeth Moore and Andrew Gabriel. The first regular pastor was Rev. Samuel Aston. Since that time about twenty ministers have served the church statedly for longer or shorter periods, and about thirty have preached transiently. Twenty-three elders have served the church from first to last. 554 HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The present Elders are: Charles Jolley, Harvey Clutter, Daniel Drake, "William Johnson, Peter Yorhes and Richard M. Drake. The present Pastor is Rev. T. A. Welsh, who has served the congregation at different times for forty years. The present membership is 130. Since the organization of the church more than 1,000 persons have been members of the same. BIOGRAPHICAL. David Allen, born in Fayette County, Pa., June 12, 1816, is a son of Josiah and Susan Allen, also natives of Pennsylvania. In 1818 his parents removed to Harrison County, Ohio, where his father died in 1842, aged eighty -three years. May 10, 1839, he mar- ried Mary Jane, daughter of John and Margaret (Porter) Wilkins, a native of Washington County, Pa. In 1847 Mr. Allen came to Athens County and located in Athens Township, living there six- teen years, lie then came to Alexander Township and, in 1876, bought the farm where he now resides. He has 220 acres of land well cultivated, and a good residence. Mr. and Mrs. Allen have seven children — Margaret J., J. B., Clarinda Susan, John H., George D., William A. and Lillie A. Politically, he is a Demo- crat. Elmer Armstrong, born in Athens County, Jan. 17, 1812, is a son of Thomas and Alice (Crawford) Armstrong. His father came to this county from Greene County, Pa., in 1799, and settled on the farm where his son now lives. Jan. 7, 1844, Mr. Armstrong mar- ried Permelia Booth, of Medina County, Ohio. They have four children — Elizabeth, Olive A., Elza B. and Addie A. During the war Mr. Armstrong was a strong Union man. He gave $1,000 to the One Hundred and Sixteenth and the Ninety-second Ohio regi- ments. He went out as Sutler of the former, and June 15, 1863, was taken prisoner and had all his goods taken by the rebels. He was taken to Castle Thunder, Libby Prison, and confined four months. Having considerable money concealed on his person and being allowed to go out without a guard, he was able to be of great assistance to his fellow prisoners. He is still living on the old homestead farm, engaged in farming and stock-raising, making a specialty of the latter. Elza, B. Armstrong was born in Alexander Township, Dec. 25, 1849, the son of Elmer Armstrong. His education was received at the Atwood Seminary, Albany, and at the Ohio University. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 555 His early life was spent in assisting his father on the farm, and he is now in partnership with hira under the firm name of Elmer Arm- strong & Son. They have a fine farm of 600 acres and are making a specialty of fine stock, Clydesdale and thorough-bred trotting horses; also thorough-bred short-horn Jersey and Iiolstein cat- tle of the finest families bred constantly for sale. They have a large deer park and fish pond, and a number of Scotch coolie dogs. They have one of the best stock farms in the county. It is also rich in metal and has valuable coal beds and potter's clay of a fine variety. Mr. Armstrong was married Sept. 5, 1876, to Mary E., daughter of P. G. Hebbard. They have two sons — Elmer and Charles Crawford. Bisoo Bean, born in Hardy County, Va., Jan. 7, 1819, is a son of John G. and Dyanna Bean, who came to Athens County when Bisco was twelve years of age, and settled in Canaan Township. He was reared a farmer and educated in the common schools. He was married June, IT, 1810, to OrenaCatlin. They have four chil- dren — Cyrus, J. F., Louisiana and Alonzo. In 1858 Mr. Bean came to Alexander Township, locating near Pleasanton. Mrs. Bean died in 1870, and Mr. Bean afterward married M. E. Cayton, daughter of William and Malinda Cayton, of Ross County. He then went to Ross County where he lived two and a half years, then returned to Pleasanton and remained nearly four years. In 1881 he bought his hotel and store in Hebbardsville, and is now en- gaged in the general mercantile business, having a good assortment of dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, notions, etc. E. M. Bean, M.D., born in Hardy County, Va., April 28, 1820, is a son of Thoinas and Sarah (Hill) Bean. He received his edu- cation at Savannah ^Seminary, and commenced the study of medi- cine with Drs. Hill and Rice; was with them two years, then went to Dr. George Bean, remaining with him four years. He after- ward attended the Physio-Medical College, at Cincinnati, where he graduated, receiving the degree of M. D. in 1871. In 1839 he came to Athens County, locating first in Rome Township. After his graduation he came to Pleasanton, Alexander Township, where he has since resided. He has a very extensive practice, frequently being called from a distance of seventy-five miles, and having let- ters from and sending medicine to patients in most of the States. A number of the prominent physicians now located in different States received their instruction from Dr. Bean. His library is one of the best in the county, both in a professional and literary point 556 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. of view. Dr. Bean was married in December, 1845, to Adaline Culver, daughter of James Culver, of Athens County. They have three children — Emma Jane, Curnce Ann and Ida May. Dr. Bean and family are members of the Methodist church, David Beasley, son of George Beasley, a pioneer of Athens Count3 T , was born March 12, 1838. During his early life he re- sided at home, attending the farm of his father. Nov. 12, 1S61, he enlisted in Company G, Fifty-third Ohio Infantry; was wounded in the battle of Pittsburg Landing and discharged on account of disability. Regaining his health, he re-enlisted in the same regi- ment, Feb. 13, 1864. He was captured while on a foraging expe- dition and remained a prisoner forty-two days. He was discharged June 19, 1865, at Camp Chase, Ohio. After his return home he settled in Bern Township; then lived in Dover Township two years, in Ames Township two years, and on a farm in Alexander Township nine years. He then went to Hebbardsville and en- gaged in merchandising and keeping a hotel two and a half years, when he traded his property there for the place he now owns in Pleasanton. Nov. 8, 1857, he married Nancy, daughter of Aaron Evans, of Ames Township. They have three children — L. D., Florence and G. E. Their eldest daughter, Rachel Malvina, died at the age of three and a half years. Politically, Mr. Beasley is a Republican. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Samuel B. Blake, born March 2, 1817, in Alexander Township^ was a son of S. L. Blake, a native of Connecticut, who came to this township in 1816, and resided here till his death, March 15, 1859. He resided at home till twenty-six years of age, receiving his education in the common schools. He was married March 25, 1845, to Polly C, a daughter of John Camp, and a native of Con- necticut. They have six children — William H., Henry C, Hattie, Mary, John and Charles. Mr. Blake has a farm of 157 acres where he has lived since 1848. He has a large two-story frame house and good farm buildings. Politically 1 - he is a Republican. He has held the office of Township Trustee for fifteen years. Mr. and Mrs. Blake are members of the Free-Will Baptist church. Hosmer Chace was born on his father's farm in Alexander Town- ship, Athens County, Oct. 2, 1833. Here among the beautiful hills of his nativity he spent his boyhood days, received his edu- cation and grew to manhood. July 1, 1862, Mr. Chace enlisted in the war for the Union and was mustered in as Sergeant of Company I, Seventh Ohio Cavalry, and was subsequently promo- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 557 ted to Lieutenant. Mr. Chace was married to Miss Nancy Eeeves, of Meigs County, Ohio, and to them six children were born — Els- worth, Ellwood, Annie, Celia, Ella, and Mary Alice. Mr. Chace married for his second wife Sarah Ellen Robison, Oct. 23, 1877, who was a native of Alexander ^Township, Athens County. Three children were born of this union— Bertha, Ada and Ida; the two latter were twins. Seven of the nine children survive, all living with their father on the beautiful homestead where they were all born. J. J. Coe, born in Knox County, Ohio, Nov. 11, 1829, is a son of John K. and Isabella Coe, natives of Washington County, Pa. He was the fourth of a family of seven children, and when five years of age his parents came to Athens County, locating at Chaun- cey, where they lived five years and then removed to Meigs County. When twenty years of age Mr. Coe came to Hebbardsville and worked at the shoemaker's trade a year with J. G. Wilson. He then went to work for himself, and by his fair dealing has gained a good custom, both in shoe and harness making. He has been Post- master of Hebbardsville twenty years, and has been Township Trustee three terms. In May, 1856, he married S. W., daughter of John Calvert, of Meigs County. They have nine children — Anna, Lizzie, Estella, Edith, John, Mary, Maggie, Daisy and Earl. Mr. Coe is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, Lodge No. 156, Albany. W. T. Dean, an enterprising farmer of Alexander Township, was born Jan. 14, 1850. His father, W. T. Dean, died when he was sixteen months old, and his mother, Mary J. (Beard) Dean, when he was six years old. He was reared by D. M. Clayton, of Athens, and received his education in the schools of that place. During the late war he enlisted, but was rejected on account of his age. When seventeen years of age he commenced to learn the trade of a stone mason and followed that occupation several* years. He now has a fine farm of 103 acres and one of the best residences in the township. He was married Feb. 21, 1872, to Mrs. Kate (Walters) Coates, of this county. She had two daughters — Bell K. and Emma M. Coates. Mr. Dean is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity, Lodge No. 25, Athens. William Dickson, born in Belmont County, Ohio, May 29, 1819, is a son of Henry Dickson, a native of Maryland. When he was a child his parents moved to Guernsey County, and when he was fifteen years old came to Athens County. March 16, 1843, he 558 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. married Maria Lentner, a native of Delaware, and a daughter of Jacob Lentner. They have eight children — J. M., Joanna, Albert Hanford, J. W., Nancy, Mary L., Lizzie M. and Elisha B. In 1854 he bought the farm where he now resides. He has 310 acres of good land which is under a good state of cultivation. Politi- cally, he is a Republican. John Wisher, born in Columbiana County, Ohio, July 15, 1839, is the eighth of eleven children of Michael and Eliza (Dawson) Fisher. In October, 1862, he enlisted in Company F, Seventy- sixth Ohio Infantry. He participated in some of the hardest fought battles of the Rebellion, among them the siege of Vicksburg, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Ringgold, Resaca, and was with Sherman to the sea. After the war he settled in Meigs County Ohio, and lived there till 1881, when he bought the place where he now resides. He has one of the best farms in the township, having 310 acres all well improved, with a good two-story dwelling and commodious farm buildings. He was married Dec. 15, 1869, to Olive A., daughter of Elmer Armstrong, a prominent pioneer of Athens County. They have one child — Mabel B., born July 15, 1873. Rev. James Haning, Jr., Lodi Township, Athens County, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, April 12, 1819, and is the son of James Haning, Sr., who came to Athens County in 1796, and was a soldier in the war of 1812. Our subject's parents moved to Alex- ander Township where thej r remained about seven years; then moved to Lodi where he was reared a farmer, receiving his educa- tion in the common schools. He was married when nineteen years of age to Miss Hannah Dudley, of Athens County. This union was blessed with one child — Emily. Mrs. Haning died July 18, 18-12. Mr. Haning was again married March 4. 1843, to Miss Eliza Dudley, a sister of his first wife. Thej'' are the parents of four children — Hannah, Eliza J., Sarah and Mary. Mr. H. has a fine farm containing 242 acres of land under a high state of culti- vation on which is one of the best coal beds in the county. He is a zealous worker in the cause of Christianity, and his lectures on sacred ordinances are very fine. John Haning, born in Alexander Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Aug. 30, 1815, is a son of James Haning, a native ot Wash ington County, Pa. When he was two years of age his parents moved to Scipio Township, Meigs Co., Ohio, where they lived six years. They then returned to Alexander Township and lived HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 559 seven years, when his father bought 320 acres of wild land in Lodi Township, where he has since resided. He owns 184 acres, all under a good state of cultivation, with residence and barn built in modern style. He was married in September, 1837, to Delia Reeves, of Meigs County. They have four children — Margaret, John R., Joseph M. and Charles W. Mr. Haning is a member of the Free- Will Baptist church, and has been one of its most liberal supporters, it being through his instrumentality that the church in Lodi was built. P. G. Hebbard, born in Dover Township, Athens County, Ohio, Aug. 10, 1830, is the second of four sons of Alanson and Becca (Grow) Hebbard, his father an early pioneer of Athens County, coming here from Vermont in 1819, and his mother a daughter of Judge Peter Grow, of Meigs County, Ohio. He was reared on a farm and educated at home under his father's instruction. He afterward taught seven years. April 20, 1851, he married Jane E. Davis, of York Township. They have seven children, six still liv- ing — Mary E., Emma J., Charles A., Becca B., P. G., Jr., and Nettie. Mr. Ilebbard has a fine farm of 163 acres, but makes a specialty of stock dealing, at which he has been very successful. His youngest daughter is a musical prodigy, and when two and a half years old could play accurate accompaniments on the piano to the most difficult pieces, and now, though but six years of age, is a musical wonder. Clement Hooper, son of Stephen and Ellen Hooper, was born in Wheeling, Va., April 23, 1824. When he was quite young his parents removed to Belmont County, Ohio, where they lived till 1835, and then came to Athens County, settling on the land now owned by their son. July 9, 1845, Mr. Hooper married Rhoda Axtell, of Alexander Township, formerly of Mercer County, Pa. They had a family of twelve children — Elizabeth Ann, Stephen F., G. W., Jerusha A., Mary Jane, E. A., Amasa, R. S., Ida B., Vic- toria Blanche, Ellen and an infant. Mrs. Hooper died Oct. 22, 1881. May 11, 1882, Mr. Hooper married Thula Coughenour, of Gallia County, Ohio, a daughter of David Coughenour. Mr. Hooper has a large, fine farm well improved. He has one of the best residences in the township. He has been engaged in dealing in stock more or less for -a number of years. Politically he is a Republican. He has been Justice of the Peace six years. He is a member of the Free-Will Baptist church. 560 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLE1 . O. W. Hooper, son of Clement Hooper, was born in Athens County, Oct. 22, 1849. His early life was spent on a farm and in attending school. He was married Aug. 3, 1873, to Susannah Sisson, daughter of William Sisson, of Columbia Township, Meigs County. They have five children — Albert, John W. , Elden W., Lulu B. and Ralph. Mr. Hooper settled on the farm where he now lives in 1874. Pie has eighty-seven acres of well-improved land, and is engaged in general farming and stock-raising. He has held the office of Constable seven years, and is at present Township Trustee. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. W. H. Irwin, a native of Alexander Township, was born Sept. 18,1840, a son of John Irwin. He was married Feb. 13, 1866, to Isabelle Sisson, a native of Meigs County. They have six children — William W., John C, O. L., Emma V., George B. and Cora M. Mr. Irwin has a farm of 150 acres, under a good state of cul- tivation, with a good house and farm buildings. Politically he is a Republican. In early life Mr. Irwin assisted his father on the farm, receiving his education in the common schools. He com- menced life for himself with comparatively little but strong hands and an honest heart, and by hard work and good management has acquired a home where he is surrounded with all the comforts ot life. He is one of Alexander Township's most worthy citizens, a man always alive to the interests of the township, and ready to do all in his power for its improvement and advancement. He is truly a public-spirited man, one of whom his fellow-citizens may well be proud. Nathan Kenney, Sr., deceased, was born in Randolph County, Vt., in 1790. His early life was spent in Vermont, and when a young man he came to Athens County, locating about a mile east of Athens. He afterward moved northwest of Athens, and after a residence there of about ten years moved to the southern part of the county, settling on 300 acres of wild land, where he lived till 1863. Being too old to have the care and management of the farm he retired and muved to Athens, where he died Aug. 25, 1874. He was married Nov. 1, 1812, to Clarissa Abbott, of Cape Cod. They had a family of twelve children — Lydia, Lordrick, Mari- anne, Maria, Jofanna, Samuel, Nathan, Nahum, Josephus, Clarissa, Eraeline and Eliza. Mr. Kenney was a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 561 Nathan Kenney, Jr., son of Nathan and Clarissa Kenney, was born in Athens Township, Oct. 1, 1827. His early life was spent in assisting his father on the farm and attending the district schools. He resided on the homestead farm till 1858, when he went to Taylor County, Iowa, and settled on Government land, remaining there five years. He then returned to Athens County and lived on the old homestead till 1877, when he moved to his present farm, where he has 138 acres, all well improved. He is engaged in farming and stock-raising. Mr. Kenney was married Oct. 30, 1851, to Samantha Teeters, daughter of Daniel and Mary Ann Teeters. They have a family of seven children — Georgiana, Sidney Howard, Charles Lewis, Frank Albert, Edward T., Mary C. and Laura N. Mrs. Kenney died March 12, 1883. Mr. Ken- ney is a member of the Methodist Protestant church. Politically he is a Democrat. S. H. Kenney, son of Nathan Kenney, was born in Athens County, Ohio, March 1, 1825. In 1850 he came to Alexander Township, where he has permanently located, being one of its prominent citizens. He owns a farm of 160 acres in Alexander Township. He has served in all the offices of the township. Polit- ically he was a Jackson Democrat until 1880, when he became a staunch Prohibitionist. He was married Jan. 8, 1850, to Minerva daughter of Daniel Drake, of Athens County, Ohio. They have reared a family of nine children, whose names are — Augusta B. Lafayette H., Winfield W., Wayne B., Webster D., Luelma M., Murdock D., Missouri R., Sierra Nevada, all of them residing i n Athens County. Abram Lash, postofhce Athens, was born Aug. 5, 1817, son of William Lash, a native of Pennsylvania. Our subject's early life was spent on a farm, and he received his education in the common schools. He was married Jan. 30, 1840, to Eleanor Beal, of this county. They were the parents of three children— John, William and Elizabeth. He was married the second time, Feb. 17, 1850, to Isabella McKinstry, of this county. To them were born six chil- dren— Josiah, Leander, Martha, Jeremiah, Mary and George. Mr. Lash resides on a fine farm of 400 acres, eighty acres of which his father first settled, Mr. Lash having purchased the rest. He has been a member of the Baptist church forty years. Henry Logan, merchant, a native of Alexander Township, was born Nov. 21, 1832, the son of John Logan, who was of Irish descent. He was reared a farmer and received his education in 36 562 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the common schools. Arriving at the age of manhood, he engaged in the mercantile business, which he has since followed. He has served as Township Clerk six years. Trustee three years, and Jus- tice of the Peace six years. He was appointed Postmaster in 1862, and has served since that time. June 9, 1853, he married Caro- line Bean, daughter of Dr. George Beau, of this township. They have seven children — Rettie, Reppie, W. G., Ella, Flora, Earle and Frank; all have been given the advantages of a good education and are well fitted to perform the duties of life. Mr. Logan is a zeal- ous member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He keeps a large assortment of goods, and by fair and honorable dealings has secured the confidence and trust of all who know him. Freeman Marshall, son of William and Susan Marshall, was born in Carroll County, Ohio, Oct. 2, 1S23. His early life was spent on the farm and in attending the common schools. In June, 1845, he married Ellen M. Twaddle, of Jefferson County, Ohio. They have nine children — Mahan, David. Ethan, William, Sylves- ter, Howard, Izetta. Ida and Ira. Mr. Marsh ill purchased the farm where he now resides, in 1851. He lias 300 acres of well- improved land, with a good residence and commodious farm build- ings. He is an influential man of his township and has served as School Director for many years. S. L. Mathews, born in Guernsey County, Ohio, Aug. 6, 1825, is a son of Newman Mathews, a native of Massachusetts, but an early settler of Guernsey County. He was married at the age of thirty-eight, to Henrietta Matheny. Thej T have two children — Carrie Alta and Charles Grant. Mr. Mathews bought the farm where he now resides, in 1865. He has' 100 acres of good land, with comm >dious buildings, and is engaged in farming and stock- raising. During the late war he enlisted in the One Hundred and Forty-first Ohio Infantry. He has been Justice twelve years. Mr. and Mrs. Mathews are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. John II McJPherson, bom in Belmont County. Jan. 18, 1828, son of Joseph McL'herson, of Scotch ancestry. At six years of age he moved with his parents to Morgan County. Ohio, where he was reared and received a common-school education, together with Methodistical religious culture, and upon the temperance question, prohibition. It would be unjust to not here mention that his mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Hart, ot English descent upon her mother's side, and German on her father's, was HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 563 an example of the finer virtues of feminine character and especially that of self-government. The subject of this narrative commenced teaching school at twenty years of age. He married Maria J., daughter of Rezin and Nancy Calvert, the former of German-En- glish, and latter of Irish ancestry, and both of religious aspira- tions. John H. and Maria J. McPherson's children consist oi two hovs and eight girls — Rezin M., Flavius M.. Mary M.. Su- sanah M., Elizabeth M., Florence M., Nancy M., Eliza M., Adah M. and E:nma M., all living and healthy. Mr. McPherson enlisted in Company I, Seventh Ohio Yolunteer Cavalry, Sept. 12. 1862; was disabled in a charge on the enemy near Mount Sterling. Ivy.. Feb. 27. 1863, by rupture and injury to diaphragm, the result of being thrown upon pommel of saddle, after which he served the Government as clerk until June 7. 1865, when he was discharged by reason of Surgeon's certificate of disability. Politically he i.- a Prohibitionist Republican. His residence is at Pleasanton, Athens County. Ohio. His present occupation Legal Studie* L. Oliver, b n-n Jan. 22. 1825, in Harrison County, Ohio, is a son of Jesse Oliver, a native of Virginia. When he was four years of age his parents removed to Guernsey County, where his early life was spent on a farm and in attending the common scho - He was married Oct. 16, 1851, to Elizabeth Adair, a native of Guernsey County, and a daughter of George Adair. They have seven children — Adandra, Joanna, Horton, Clara, Elizabeth, Ernest and William. Mr. Oliver has a good farm of forty acres, where he has lived since 1854. He has held the office of Justice for twelve years. Politically he is a Republican. He is a member of the IV sbyterian church. B. M. Patterson, born in Athens County, Ohio, Jan. 1. 1850, is the youngest son of William and Elizabeth Patterson. He was reared on ;i farm and has always followed that occupation, owning at present 270 acres of land under a good state of cultivation. He makes a specialty of Spanish merino sheep, having a large flock and spending considerable time and money on them. He was mar- ried Sept. :>. ls;-j. to Lizzie Cuckler, of Athens, Ohio. They have laughters-^-Birdie E., Alice G., Cina E., Nellie L., Mary F. and Lena E. Politically Mr. Patterson is a Republican. He has been Township Clerk three successive year.-. He is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. Mr. Patterson's father, William Patterson, deceased, was born in Washington County, Pa.. Ja . 24, 1808. When twenty-two years of age he married 564 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEV. Elizabeth Cooper, and in 1S32 they came to Athens County, set- tling on wild land. They reared a family of eight children — Levina, Martha, Maria, Eunice, Elizabeth, John C, Mary C. and R. M. Mr. Patterson was for eight years agent tor the American Tract Society. He died Jan. S, 187:2. Eliphaz Reeves. — As far back as 1801, at the age of three years, David Reeves, father of Eliphaz, came with his parents to Athens County and settled on the farm where the Wines school-house now stands. The Reeveses were among the early pioneers of this section of Ohio, coming here from Pennsylvania, where David Reeves was born, near Pittsburg, in 1798. Mr. Reeves is still living, past eighty-five years of age, and is probably the oldest man living in Athens County, who came here as early as 1801. His wife was Matilda Woodyard, and they were married in 1825. Eliphaz Reeves was born near the Woodyard church, Alexander Township, Nov. 27, 1832. He was reared, engaged in business and continued to live in the same neighborhood, spending his time in farming and trading, and is now, 1883, merchant and Postmaster at Wood yard. April 2, 1874. he was united in matrimony with Marticia C. Shumwa, of Meigs County, Ohio. Lulu May, their only child was born July 7, 1876. Mr. and Mrs. Reeves are members of the Woodyard Methodist Episcopal church, in which he is Class-Leader. During the war Mr. R. served as Orderly Sergeant in the Ohio State militia, and has at various times held the township offices. Daniel T. Rickey. — On a farm in Greene County, Penn., June 6, L830, Mr. Rickey was born and reared to the age of maturity. His father was Abraham C. Rickey, and his mother Pheba Throck- morton, both natives of the Keystone State. In 1855, at the age of twenty-five, Daniel Rickey left his native State, and came direct to Athens County, where he has since lived. He enlisted under Colonel Jones in the late war, but was soon after discharged for physical disability. June 10, 1856, Mr. Rickey was married to Harriet Williams, a daughter of A. M. Williams, of Lodi Town- ship. Their children are — Milan A., born March 15, 1857; Clara, born Sept. 26, 1^58; Blanche, born Aug. 13,1865; Imogene, born Sept. 16, 1S67, and Annetta 0., born Aug. 1, 1S72. lie and wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church of Albany. John Rickey, born in Jefferson County, Ohio, Oct. 12, 1801, is a son of John and Nancy Rickey. His parents were among the first settlers of Jefferson County. They moved to Belmont County about 1815. His father was a soldier of the war of 1812, and died HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 565 from a cold contracted while in the service. John was reared on a farm, receiving but a limited education. He was married Sept. 15, 1825, to Michal Jones, a native of Virginia. In 1830 he moved to Morgan County, where he lived six years. In 1S36 he came to Athens County, settling in Alexander Township. In 1875 he bought the farm where he now lives. He is a member of the Free- Will Baptist church, and one of its strongest supporters. Mrs. Rickey died in July, 1874, after rearing a family of eight children — R. J., Jane, James, Narcissa, Elza A.. Matilda, John and Henry. In March, 1875, Mr. Rickey married Hetty Jane Robneth, a sister of his former wife. Jasper Secoy, born in Carthage Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Nov. 28, 1839, is a son of David Secoy, a native of New York, and an early settler of Carthage Township. In the spring of 1861 he came to Alexander Township, and the following August enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, serving till 1S65. He was in the battles of the Shenandoah Valley, Fisher's Hill, etc., following the regiment on all its numerous marches and campaigns. After his return home, March 26, 1865, he married Sarah, daughter of Samuel Woodruff. They have five children — Hattie, Samuel, Franklin, George and Mildred. In 1878 Mr. Secoy bought the farm where he now resides, consisting of fifty acres of good land. Mr. and Mrs. Secoy are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Republican. R. M. Wood, section 7, Alexander Township, was born in this township Aug. 21, 1827, a son of William and Margaret (Brooks) Wood. He was reared on a farm, receiving but a limited edu- cation in the common schools. In February, 1848, he married Amanda Drake, of this township. They have eight children — Emma, William, Fremont, Cassie, Eulelia, Estella, Carrie and Jennie. In 1867 Mr. Wood removed to Meigs County, where he lived two years. In 1869 he bought the farm where he now resides. He has ninety-six acres of land well cultivated with good improvements. During the war Mr. Wood was taken pris- oner by Morgan's men, and lost two tine horses. CHAPTER XX. ROME TOWNSHIP— THE RISE OF ROME AND PROGRESS OF THE ROMANS. Location — Metes and Bounds — Topography — Organization — Population from 1820 to 1880 — Schools — Bridges and Mills — Settlers and Progress — Early Historical Facts — The War of 1812 — Township Officers— Guysville — Lodges— Stew- art Village and its History — New England, Frost and Big Run — Biographical. about the year 1811. Rome Township lies on the eastern border of the county, and is bounded on the north by Bern Township, on the east by Wash- ington County, on the south by Carthage, and on the west by Canaan Townships. Its eastern border eneroaches npon Washing- ton County, about one mile east by two miles north and south, which adds about two sections of land over a congressional town- ship. This would give it about thirty-eight sections, or 23,320 acres of land. TOPOGRAPHK ALLY speaking, it is hilly and broken, but the valley of the Hocking is rich in agricultural wealth, for its soil is deep and fertile. The river crosses the township from east to west, meandering in its course, and forms a portion of the eastern line of the township, the stream turning and running almost due south in its course for about three miles and then in a southeasterly direction. Fed- eral Creek lows into the Hocking River within its boundary, and some good agricultural and grazing lands are found on its border. It is known as a township of timbered land, and it is still rich in timber resources. The mineral development lias not yet pro- ven very great, but coal is known to exist, and lias been mined to a small or limited extent. It is. however, an agricultural township, and tor cereal and stock raising has few superiors in the county. Its territory may also be said to have been among the earliest settled, for itbecame a township in L811, being on April -lot that year (5G0) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 567 ORGANIZED The organization read as follows. "Thursday, April 4, 1811. — Ordered by the commissioners, That so much of the township of Troy as is contained in the orig- inal surveyed townships, numbered 5 and 6, in the 11th range, and in the 12th range, be erected into a new township by the name of Rome. . ........ " Ordered by the commissioners, That their clerk notify the in- habitants of the township of Rome to meet at the house of Amos Crippen, in said township, on Saturday the 20th instant, for the purpose of electing township officers." But no election was held under this order, and on the 4th of June ensuing, the commissioners " Ordered* That the boundaries of the township of Home be as follows, to wit: Beginning at the southwest corner of township number 6 in the 12th range, thence east on the township line until it intersects the river Hockhocking, thence up said river until it intersects the range line between the 11th and 12th ranges, thence on said range line (being the line between the counties of Athens and Washington) to the south boundary of Ames Township, thence west on said township line to the township of Athens, thence south to the place of beginning, and that the remainder of the township of Rome be and is hereby attached to the township of Troy. [This refers to the previous order of April 4.] " Orderedhj the commissioners, That their clerk notify, by advertisement, the inhabitants of the township of Rome to meet at the house of Daniel Stewart, on Saturday, the loth instant, for the purpose of electing township officers." The township was taken from the territory of Troy Township as above bounded, and it continued thus until Feb. 10, 1S14, when the Legislature passed an act giving to Athens County and to Rome Township the two sections of land lying on the west side of the Hocking River. These sections were 31 and 32 of congres- sional township Xo. 6, of range No. 11, making a turn in the county line. It is one of the most thriving among the agricultural townships of the county, and its people are progressive, economical, and combine energy with intelligent labor. 568 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. POPULATION. Just what the population of the township was in 1S11 is not known, but it probably did not exceed 200. In the census of 1S20 it was 497; in 1830, 522; in 1840, 852; in 1850, 1,309; in 1860, 1,581; in 1870, 1,972; in 1880, 2, 207. While there is nothing remarkable in this increase, the figures show one very desirable fact, and that is, that it has never gone back, but grown steadily and surely with increasing years. It may be said to have sustained the general average of the county and State during the different decades witb but one exception, that between 1820 and 1830. Daniel and Archelaus Stewart, who settled in the township in 1802, were the first to move for the organization of a church soci- ety, and a Methodist church was organized at a very early day, probably a few years before its organization into a township, and Rev. Jacob Young, then on the Marietta circuit, came to the resi- dence of Mr. Daniel Stewart, held service and organized a society. The original members were William Pilcher and wife, Job Rutler and wife, Eliphalet Case and wife, and Elijah Howell and wife. From this small but happy beginning three Methodist congrega- tions have grown up, and three substantial and neatly furnished church buildings have been erected. The first service held in the township was by the Rev. Cyrus Paulk, Jr., who preached as early as 1803 at the cabins of the set- tlers. He was a Baptist, and continued his ministration for sev- eral years. SCHOOLS. Among the settlers of those early days there was nothing that received their more earnest attention than that of the education of their children. To read, write and cipher and to be a good speller was what they deemed a necessity, and added that of grammar and geography when they could. A good common-school educa- tion was generally the summit of their ambition, and it was onlj T when a boy became ambitious for a higher course, refused the plow and stuck to his books, that money was raised by the sacrifice of a horse or other stock to give him the desired schooling. In fact, having become worthless on the farm, for if he was sent in the field to work, he was generally found under a tree or in the crook of the fence, perfectly oblivious to all surroundings and deep in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 569 the mysteries of his favorite study, the old man at last got weary and <;ave it up and the book worm was soon in his glory, for he was going to the academy and then to college. The first school-house erected in Rome Township was in 1801, and was built by subscription — that is, the neighbors joined in the work, each doing their part. The house above mentioned was built of logs, about sixteen feet square, and was located on the east bank of Federal Creek, near its mouth. The first teacher was Abram Richards, and a daughter of Ebenezer Barrows, Mrs. Polly Driggs, was the next. Of course it was not long before other school- houses were erected and schools taught. In 1811 the Rev. Amos Miller started a private school on his farm and called it "Miller's Academy." It flourished for more than twenty years, a large two-story building being erected to furnish accommodations. It was about one mile from Savannah or Guys- ville. It suspended during the civil war and was never resurrected. There is at present an academy located at Savannah, the man- agement of which has been quite successful. It was founded in 1867, by a number of public-spirited citizens, and its first Trustees were: Fred Finister, Peter Boyles, Yincent Caldwell, Harvey Peirce, and Harvey Caldwell. Its first teacher in charge was Prof. George W. Brvce, and the fact that 140 scholars enrolled them- selves the first year shows that the citizens were imbued with the right spirit. BKIDGE8 AND MILLS. In 1808 the first bridge in the township was built over Federal Creek, near its mouth, by Elijah Hatch, and in 1818 a second one was built at the same place. In 1842 a fine bridge was erected by IVtor I'.eebe, Isaac Jackson being the architect; it was at first a toll bridge, but is now free. About the year 1851 or 1852 a bridge was built <»ver Federal Creek, near the mouth of Big Run, but was soon swept away; another has since been erected on the same site. The bridge at Savannah was built about 1858, the funds being sup- plied partly by the county and partly by subscription. Another has been built over the Hocking, about two miles below Savannah, the fund.- being raised in the same manner. The first grist and saw mill in the township was built in 1802 by George. Henry and James Harrows, on Federal (.'reck, about a mile from its mouth. The mill is a log build ing with only one run of stones, which were made of the "Laurel Hill granite," and run by 570 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. a large undershot wheel. Before this the nearest mill where wheat could, be ground was Devol's, on the Muskingum, at least forty miles distant. Many families, however, possessed that great desid- eratum of pioneer life, the primitive hand-mill and the " hominy block." There were also a few horse-mills in the county, but they were only used for grinding or, as it was called, "cracking" corn. In 1818 Reuben Farnsworth built the first mill on the Hocking River within the township limits. This was one of the most solid and substantial mill structures ever erected in the county. Farns- worth failed, and the mill passed into the hands of Peter Beebe, who afterward sold it to Thomas Welch. It was sold by Mr. Welch to Cook, Crippen & Co., and subsequently passed into the hands of a son of Mr. Cook, who is the present owner. In 1820 the Savannah mill (grist and saw mill) was built by Ezra Stewart and his brother Charles, sons of Esquire Daniel Stew- art. It has three run of stones and does a great amount of custom work. It is situated on the Hocking River, in the village of Gruys- ville, about three miles from the west line of Rome Township. About 1831 Alexander Stewart and George Warren built the Stew- art Mill (a saw-mill), near Savannah; but it was soon destroyed by fire, and a large three-story grist and saw mill was erected on the site by Daniel B. Stewart. In 1811 Mr. Stewart connected a woolen factory with the establishment, which is now owned by a daughter of Mr. Stewart, Mrs. Charles Byron. In runs 170 spin- dles, has four looms, four carding machines, two spinning jacks and a full set of fulling and dressing machinery. The grist and saw mill are still in active operation. Two miles above Savannah are the Kincade Mills, built in 1842 by John and Allen Kincade, and rebuilt by John Kincade on an enlarged plan and in a more substantial manner in 1868, and was again rebuilt in 1880 by D B. Stewart. About 1854 I leman Frost, son of Abram Frost, one of the pioneers of Carthage Township, built a grist and sawmill three miles below Cook & Crippen's mill; it was subsequently re- placed by a saw mill, which was swept off by high water # in the spring <>f L867, but rebuilt by Allen Kincade. SETTLERS AND PROGRESS. What was called in those days the "Upper Settlement" in this ownship was first settled in 1808, when Joshua Selby, John Thomp- son, Robert Calvert, and Jonathan Simmons came from Virginia, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 571 and Richard, George, and James Simmons, from Pennsylvania. They were all good citizens. In L 810 or L811 Christopher Iler. rold, oneof the pioneers of Ames Township, settled in Rome. He was a Pennsylvania German and a man of enterprise and thrift. Ee afterward removed to Dover. A strong evidence of the enterprising spirit of the early settlers is afforded by the fact that in 1811 a sea-going vessel was built in Rome Township, a mile below the mouth of Federal ('reek, on the south ban!: of the Hocking. She was launched and taken to Xew Orleans in the spring of L812. The vessel was built by Captain Caleb Barstow, from Providence, Rhode Island, and was called The Enterprise. Between 1800 anil 1810 the township received a number of good settlers. John Johnson and father, on the Hockhocking, oppusite Federal Creek; Job Ruter, with his sons Martin and Calvin, on the river. about two miles above Federal Creek; and about the same time came Nathan Connor, Rev. Moses Osborn, the Calvert-. the Thompsons, the Selbys, and the Mitchells, ail of whom settled on the liver. Most of these came from Virginia. Also promi- nent among the early settlers were Abraham Sharp, lor whom Sharp's Run and Sharp's Fork of Federal Creek were nun ed; Francis Munn, a revolutionary soldier; Archibald Dorough, Tlios. Richardson, Dr. Seth Driggs, Jeremiah Conant, Wm. Pilcher, Aaron Orme, Tlios. Swan. Aaron Butts, Eli Catlin, Daniel Auder son a Lieutenant in the Revolutionary army), David Chapman, Rev. Enos Thompson (Methodist) and the Hewitts. EARLY HISTORICAL FA( TS. Esquire Elmer Rowell, a pioneer and a valuable and prom- inent citizen oi Rome Township during its early days, who died .'.• years back,, Leaves the following reminiscence of pioneer days: " W hen I first settled here the nearest postoffice was at Athens. sixteen or seventeen miles distant, and 1 have frequently gone that distance for a single expected letter; now there are four p >stoffices in the township. Then we went thirty miles to obtain our necessary dry g 1 8, groceries, hardware, etc.; now there are -even or eight . country stores in the township. While musing on the times people of fifty-five year- ago. the whole scene for thirty miles up and down the valley seems photographed on my memory — the men and women, their costnmee, the log cabin- and the cleared 572 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. patches. The men all dressed in homespun during summer, and during winter agreat part of the clothing consisted of buckskin; the females, both matron and lass, dressed for every da} 7 in homespun, except in later years, when one now and then began to appear in a ' factory dress,' and all had for Sunday and holidays the more costly and gayer calico and cambric dresses. Those were the days of warm friendships and close attachments. Common hardships and labors begot a fellow feeling. If there was a cabin to raise, every man for miles around turned out with alacrity to help raise it and put on the last clapboard. If there was any job too heavy for one man to do, all assisted. When a hunter or any one else was belated, be he a stranger or acquaintance, he found a home and a welcome in any log cabin he might chance to find." THE WAR OF 1812. Rome Township having been or was the home of several of the Revolutionary patriots and soldiers of 1776, when the war of 1812 was declared they found her sons willing patriots to enter the field and defend the soil of their country from the footsteps ot an invader. Athens County being called upon for a company of in- fantry, to be composed of fifty men or volunteers, the militia regi- men t of the county, then commanded by Colonel Edmund Dorr, was summoned to meet at Athens and volunteers called for. The men stepped promptly to the front, and of this number Rome Town- ship was the residence of nine who enlisted. Their names were Jas. Crippen, Peter Beebe, Thaddeus Crippen, Ebenezer Hatch, Chas. Stewart, Win. Starr, Andrew Stewart, John Wickham and Daniel Muncie. The company was then raised to sixty men and Rome added one more volunteer, George Driggs, or one sixth of the number. In 1S13, when the Governor of Ohio called for forty days' mounted riflemen, George Barrows, Montgomery Perry and a young man named Swann went from Rome. William T. Hatch, son of Elijah Hatch, was the first male child born in the township, and his sister Harriet, the late Mrs. Hill, is said to have been the first female. Mrs. Elijah Hatch, mother of Judge Hatch, was the first person who died in the township. A portion of the facts here given were taken from Walker's very in- teresting history ot Athens County. The growth of the township and its increase in population ha-; been spoken of in previous pages, and to this might be added the fact that its material progress has been a marked feature in its history, and prosperity seems to have taken a firm hold upon the township. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 573 TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 1811. — Trustees. Job Ruter, Elijah Hatch and James Crippen; Clerk, Caleb Barstow. 1812. — Trustees, Daniel Stewart, George Barrows and John Thompson; Clerk, Amos Crippen. 1813. — Trustees. Elijah Rowel], James Crippen and John Thomp- son ; Clerk, Elijah Hatch. 1814. — Trustees, Daniel Stewart, James Crippen and Joshua Selby; Clerk, Elijah Hatch. 1815. — Trustees, Daniel Stewart, James Crippen and William Barrows; Clerk, Elijah Hatch. 1816. — Trustees, Daniel Stewart, Elijah Hatch and Joshua Selby; Clerk, William Stewart. 1817. — Trustees. James Crippen, John Thompson and Henry Barrows; Clerk, Win. Stewart, l s 18. — Trustees, James Crippen, Archelaus Stewart and Henry Barrows; Clerk, Win. Stewart. 1819. — Trustees, James Crippen, Archelaus Stewart and Henry Barrows; Clerk, Wm. Stewart. 1820. — Trustees, James Crippen, Archelaus Stewart and Daniel Stewart; Clerk, Wm. Stewart. 1821. — Trustees, James Crippen, John Thompson and Daniel Stewart; Clerk, John Green. 1822. — Trustees, Elijah Hatch, Joshua Selby and Daniel Stew- art; Clerk, Daniel Stewart. L823. — Trustees, James Crippen, Elmer Rowell and Archelaus Stewart; Clerk, Elijah Hatch. L824. — Trustees, Wm. S. Doan, Joshua Selby and Henry Bar- rows; Clerk, Elijah Hatch. 1825.— Trustees, Daniel Stewart, Elijah Dalbey and Peter Beebe; Clerk, Elijah Hatch. 1826. — Trustees, Daniel Stewart, Elijah Dalbey and James Crip- pen; Clerk, John Thompson. l v -7. — Trustees, Daniel Stewart, Josephus Butts and Joshua Selby; Clerk, Samuel Thompson. L828. — Trustees, John Thompson, Josephus Butts and Joshua Selby; Clerk, Samuel Thompson. 1829. — Trustees, John Johnson, Josephus Butts and Joshua Selby; Clerk, Edmund Cook. 1830.— Trustees, John Thompson, Josephus Butts and Daniel D. Cross; Clerk, Guy Barrows. 574 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1831. — Trustees, John Johnson, Josephus Butts and Joseph Mitchell; Clerk, Guy Barrows. 1832. — Trustees, Win. S. Doan, James E. Hatch and Joseph Mitchell; Clerk, John Welch. 1833. — Trustees, Levi Stewart, James E. Hatch and Joseph Mitchell; Clerk, Elijah Hatch. 1834. — Trustees, Levi Stewart, James E. Hatch and Joseph Mitchell, Clerk, Wilson Selby. 1835. — Trustees, Alexander Stewart, James E. Hatch and Peter Beebe; Clerk, Thos. Newcomb. 1836. — Trustees, Joseph Mitchell, James E. Hatch and Samuel Hill; Clerk, Blant'ord Cook. 1837. — Trustees, Joseph Mitchell, S. T. Richardson and George Warren; Clerk, Blanford Cook. 1838. — Trustees, James E. Hatch, Joshua Calvert and George Warren; Clerk, Elmer Rowell. 1839.— Trustees, Peter Beebe, Wilson Shelby and William P. Doan; Clerk, Elmer Rowell. 1840. — Trustees, Peter Beebe, Joseph Mitchell and Levi Stew- art; Clerk, Wilson Selbv. 1841.— Trustees, Peter Beebe, Joseph Mitchell and Levi Stew- art; Clerk, Wilson Selby. 1842.— Trustees, Daniel B. Stewart, William Mitchell and Nel- son Cook; Clerk, Wilson Selby. Is43.— Truste< !S , Win. P. D.jan, Wm. Crippen and B. F. John- son; Clerk, E. B. Parrill. 1844. — Trustees, Peter Grosvenor, Wm. R. Winner and Joseph Mitchell; Clerk, Wilson Selby. 1845. — Trustees, Peter Grosvenor, Levi Stewart and Joseph Mitchell; Clerk, Wilson Selby. 1846. — Trustees, D. B. Stewart, Wm. Simmons and B. F. John- son; ( Jlerk, Joshua < Jalvert. 1847. — Trustees, D. B. Stewart, Wm. Simmons and Abraham Parrill; Clerk, Joshua Calvert. 1848. — Trustees, Elmer Rowell, Artemus S. Crippen and Levi Stewart; Clerk, B. F.Johnson. l^lli. — Trustee.-. Elmer Rowell. Peter Grosvenor and Levi Stew- art; Cierk, Sydney S. Beebe. 185o. — Trustees, Nelson Cook, Peter Grosvenor and Council Roberts; Clerk, B. F. Johnson. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 575 1851. — Trustees, Nelson Cook, Peter Grosvenor and T. F.Jones; Clerk, B. F. Johnson. 1852. — Trustees, Levi Stewart, Peter Grosvenor and Wm. R. Winner; Clerk, Joshua Calvert. 1853. — Trustees, Elmer Rowell, D. B. Stewart and Wilson Selby; Clerk, B. F. Johnson. 1 854. — Trustees, Elmer Powell, D. B. Stewart and Wilson Selby; Clerk, B. F. Johnson. 1855. — Trustees, Elmer Rowell, D. B. Stewart and Wilson Selby; Clerk, B. F. Johnson. 1850. — Trustees. T. R. Rider, Perry Barrows and Harvey Pierce; Clerk, Charles H. Grosvenor. 1857. — Trustees, T. R. Rider, Voltaire Barrows and Harvey Pierce; Clerk, Chas. H. Grosvenor. 1858. — Trustees, Josephns Tucker, Perry Barro.vs and Elmer Rowell; Clerk, Robert Bean. 1859. — Trustees, James Rice, Herman Frost and Artemus Buck- ley; Clerk, Blanford Cook. 1860. — Trustees, James Rice, Josephus Tucker and W. L. Petty; Clerk, Blanford Cook. 1861. — Trustees, James Rice, Josephus Tucker and W.L. Petty; Clerk, Blanford Cook. 1862. — Trustees, A. S. Crippen, Artemus Buckley and- G. S. Simpson; Clerk, Blanford Cook. 1863. — Trustees, A. S. Crippen, P. W. Boyles and James Cross; Clerk, James Moore. L864. — Trustees, Blanford Cook, P. W. Boyles and James Cross; Clerk, Harvey Pierce. 1865.— Trustees, Blanford Cook, P. W. Boyles and J. W. John- son: Clerk. Harvey Pierce. 1866. — Trustees, Blanford Cook. Joseph Patterson and Harvey Pierce; Clerk. Charles Dean. 1867. — Trustees, Blanford Cook. Amos Patterson and Robert Bean; Clerk, George M. Ross. l Nt '>>. — Trustees, Blanford Cook, Amos Patterson and Robert Bean; Clerk, George M. Ross. 1869. — Trustees, Amos Patterson. Harvey Pierce and J. W. Johnson; Clerk, D. W. Cornell; Treasurer. B. F. Johnson; Jus- tices of the Peace, R. A. Fulton and Elam Frost. L870. — Trustees, Amos Patterson, J. W. Johnson and V". A. Caldwell; Clerk, D. W. Cornell; Treasurer, B. F. Johnson. 576 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1871. — Trustees, Amos Patterson, J. W. Johnson and V. A. Caldwell; Clerk, D. W. Cornell; Treasurer, B. F. Johnson; Justices of the Peace, J. S. Devol and S. S. Beebe. 1872. — Trustees, Amos Patterson, J. W. Johnson and V. A. Caldwell; Clerk, D. W. Cornell; Treasurer, D. M. Burchfield. 1873. — Trustees, Amos Patterson, E. Vickers and J. "W. John- son; Clerk, John L. Cross; Treasurer, D. M. Burchfield. 1874. — Trustees, Amos Patterson, J. W. Johnson and Jefferson Perry; Clerk, J. L. Cross; Treasurer, D. W. Cornell. 1875. — Trustees, Jefferson Perry, Edwin Glazier and Clark Dodds; Clerk, J. E. Cook; Treasurer, D. W". Cornell; Justices of the Peace, R. M. Wilson and Edwin Glazier. 1876. — Trustees, Jefferson Perry, Clark Dodds and J. A. Cald- well; Clerk, J. E.Cook; Treasurer, D. W. Cornell; Justice of the Peace, Silas E. Hedges. 1877.— Trustees, Noah Tedrow, Frank Patton and Elijah H. Bean; Clerk, J. E. Cook; Treasurer, D. W. Cornell; Justice of the Peace, S. S. Beebe.. 1878. — Trustees, B. S. Plum ley, Riley Crippen and Jefferson Perry; Clerk, J. E. Cook; Treasurer, D. W. Cornell; Justice of the Peace, James Malcolm. 1879. — Trustees, B. S. Plumley, Riley Crippen and Amos Pat- terson; Clerk, S. B. Pickering (resigned), L. M. Fowler; Treasurer, D. W. Cornell; Justice of the Peace, Silas E. Hedges. 1880. — Trustees, Riley Crippen, Amos Patterson and Eli Brooks; Clerk, L. M. Fowler; Treasurer, D. W. Cornell; Justice of the Peace, S. S. Beebe. 1881. — Trustees, Amos Patterson, J. W. Murphey and J. W. Johnson; Clerk, L. M. Fowler (serving part of the year, and S. N. Hobson appointed to fill out the term); Treasurer, II. J. Smith; Justice of the Peace, William King. 1882. — Trustees, J.W. Murphey, J.W. Johnson and Eli Brooks; Clerk, S. N. Hobson; Treasurer, II. J. Smith; Justice of the Peace, P. F. Bush. 1883. — Trustees, Hiram Burden, Henry Finsterwald and Eli Brooks; Clerk, S. N. Hobson; Treasurer, Harvey J. Smith; As- sessor, William Skinner; Justices of the Peace, S. S. Beebe and Henry Crippen. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 577 GUTSVILLE. The village of Guysville is situated near the southwestern corner of Home Township, on the bank of the Hocking River, and on the new line of the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad. It was laid out in 1836 by Chauncey Carpenter, who at that time owned the mill at that place. The postoffice was established about three years later through the efforts of Mr. Guy Barrows, who was ap- pointed the first Postmaster, and for whom it was named, although the village has always been known by the name of Savannah. Among the first settlers were a Mr. Conner, a blacksmith; Laban Ileth. a shoemaker; Barton Ferris and Amos Calvert. The vil- lage has a population, at present, of about 250 inhabitants. It has a flouring mill, owned by J. W. Murphey; a tannery, owned by Gustavus LeGoullon; a hotel, owned by D. W. Cornell; a Meth- odist Episcopal church with a membership of about fifty, and two physicians, G. W. Blakely and G. B. Parker. The merchants are D. W. Cornell and Brown & Lawrence, general merchandise; John Picket and L. C. Murphey. drugs; and John I). Sand's furni- ture and undertaking store. It has also a millinery store, two harness shops and two blacksmith shops. There being a good bridge across the river at this point to connect it with the surround- ing country on the opposite side of the river, and that being par- ticularly a stock-raising section, this village has lately become the most important live-stock shipping point in the county. The most, active parties in this business are Samuel Stalder and J. W. Mur- phey (partners), Henry Stalder, Jefferson Perry and William Rhode- haver. The postoffice is at present kept in the store of Brown & Lawrence. Mr. EL II. Brown, of that firm, being the Postmaster. Savannah Lodge, A. F . & A. Jf., was established June 2s, L872, with the following charter membership: A. B. Dickey, Master; B. \V. Calvert, Sen. Warden; J. E. Cook, Jun. Warden; 1). M. Bnrchfield, Secretary; J. A. Hawley, Hiram Burden, Will- iam Johnson, Vincent Caldwell. Charles Byron, J. W. Johnson, E. D. Merwin and J. A. Caldwell. The present officers are: G. W. Blakely, Master; S. X. Ilobson, Sen. Warden; D. W. Cornell, Jun. Warden; C. L. Bean. Secretary. STEWART. The village of Stewart is situated on the Hocking River and the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad, about two miles below Guvsville. 37 578 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. It was laid out by Mr. D. B. Stewart, on a part of the Stewart homestead, in 1875, about the time of the completion of the rail- road to that point. Mr. Stewart built the first five houses, and fur- nished lots and dressed lumber for a number of others, waiting on t ic occupants for pay. A mill and church had marked the site for many years, and a postoffice had been in the locality since 1S30, but was not located at this particular place until 1873. Previous to the establishment of the village the postoffice had been called Federalton. The village has its church; a flouring mill, owned by Mrs. Ruth Byron; a planing mill, owned by D. B. Stewart; one physician, Dr. W. E. Webb; and two stores, kept by H. G. Smith and S. ~N. Iiobson, Mr. Hobson being the present Postmaster. Stewart has a population of about 200. NEW ENGLAND. The village of New England, situated near the western boundary of Rome Township, on the old line of the Marietta et Cincinnati Railroad, sprang up soon after it was known that the railroad would pass through that point, about 1853, and was laid out by Jacob Ted row, E. II. Moore and A. G. Brown, of Athens, being his partners in the ownership. The postoffice was established immediately after trains began running on the railroad in 1859. The first residence was built by Thaddeus Rider, and the first store by Chapman & Rider. The store stood on the lot now used for the Methodist Episcopal parsonage, Mr. Rider's dwelling stand- ing just south of it on an adjoining lot. Then followed in succes- sion L. R. Jarvis, who built a store; Hiram Gard, who kept a store in the depot building, and Joseph and Amos Patterson, who built the store and residence now occupied by -I. M. Rhodes. The village has two churches, Methodist Episcopal and Presbyterian, the former having a membership of about fifty-four, and the latter a membership of over ninety. The merchants are L. R. Jarvi.-. J. M. Rhodes and Harvey Patterson. Mr. Rhodes is also the pres- e it Postmaster and keeps the office in his store. Since the aban- donment of the railroad through this village the population has greatly decreased, being n >\\* not more than 150. FROST. Fro t Village is in the southeastern part of Rome Township, on the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad, and has been built since the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 579 completion of the railroad. The merchants are C. D. Smith. F. M. Payne and "Washington Russell. The population is about 100. BIG RUN. Big Run was a station on the old line of the Marietta & Cin- cinnati Railroad, and is situated in the northeastern part of the township. The postoffice remains, and one store, owned by H. Gor- don & Son. BIOGRAPHICAL. Edmond Bean was born in Hardy County, A'a., Aug. 5, 1S05, and came to Athens County in 1833. He has a good farm of 120 acres on section 25, ;Rome Township, and is engaged in both farming and stock-raising. His land borders on the Hocking River, and is well adapted for general farming. He was married in 1S33 to Mahala Bean, a native of Hardy County, \ T a., born Jan. 10, 1814. They have no children. Both Mr. and Mrs. Bean are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Bean's sister, Mrs. Clara E. Holmes, and her daughter, Fannie E. Holmes, are members of Mr. Bean's family. Mr. Holmes was drowned in the Hocking River, Jan. 22, 1862. He and Mr. Bean and two other men were crossing the river in a small boat to go to church when the boat capsized. Mr. Holmes was seemiugly more anxious to save the others than himself, and by his self-denying efforts lost his own life. Mrs. Holmes and her daughter have since that time made their home with Mr. and Mrs. Bean. Mrs. Lorana Bean was born in Athens County, Ohio, Aug. 30, l^i".'. June 7, 1819, she married Robert Bean, a native of Hardy ( .unty, Va., born July 12. 1S25. Five children were born to them — Samantha. born Aug. 17, 1851; Matilda Jane, July 20, 1859; Louis Franklin, Jan. 25, 1S63; Rosa Alice, July 29. 1S»3S: Ervine Hebert. born May 15, 1871. Samantha married Daniel M. Cole, Oct. 4, 1867. Matilda J. married M. Baker. Nov. ?>, 1S77: she has one child— Robert E., born Feb. 5, 1879. Mr. Bean died Oct. 26, l s 7'l. Mrs. Bean has 1<>1 acres of well-improved land on section •_'">. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. W. P. Beebe, proprietor of the Beebe House, was born in Rome Township, Dec. 5, 1S19. His father. Peter Beebe. was a native of Washington County, X. Y.. burn Oct. 15, 1792. His mother, Melissa (Cook) Beebe, was born in Connecticut in 1801, and died 580 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. March 6, 1821. His father then married Betsy Vaughn, who died leaving four children — Louisa, Harriet, Yilla and Mary. Mr. Beebe then married Ann Eliza Kincade. They had five children — Elmira, Melissa, Helen, Henry and Henrietta. Mr. Beebe died May 10, 1849. W. P. Beebe was married Aug. 9, 1S53, to Louisa Davis, a native of Rome Township, born Feb. 7, 1837. They have nine children — Edwin, born Oct. 22, 1S54; Peter, born April 22, 1856; Owen, July 20, 1858; Emerson, Dee. 14, 1860; Hanley, March 27, 1863; Fannie, April 30, 1866; Augusta, Aug. 27, 1868; Bessie, Dec. 27, 1S72; Millie, Sept, 13, 1876. Mr. Beebe now owns the farm of 175 acres once owned by his father and grand- father. Lie also owns the hotel and other town property in Stewart. G. W. Blakeley, M. D., son of Harvey and Susan Blakeley, was born in Athens Count}', Ohio, Aug. 12, 1851. His father was born in Pennsylvania, June 19, 1803, and came to Ohio in 1844, and is now living on a farm near Athens. His mother was born in New^ York in 1807, and died in December, 185L G.W. was the youngest of eleven children. He was educated in this county, and read medi- cine with Dr. H. M. Lash at Athens, graduating from Columbus Medical College in 1878. He located in Gnvsville, where he now lias a large practice. He was married Sept. 15, 1880, to Ollie M. Pruden, a native of Athens County, born Jan. 18, 1862. Dr. Blakeley is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He belongs to Savannah Lodge, No. 466, A. F. & A. M., and has been W. M. four years. John Brandeburg was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, Feb. 20. L845, and when two years of age removed with his parents to Washington County. Nov. 21, 1S63, he enlisted in Company Iv, One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Ohio Infantry; was in the battles oi Mission Ridge, Dandridge, Buzzard's Roost and Resaca. He- was wounded at Resaca, Saturday, May 14,1864, and lay on the field until nine o'clock Sunday morning. He was then taken to the hospital where he remained nine months. He rejoined his regi- ment in February, 1865, at Blue Springs, E. Tenn., and was then in the battles of Franklin and Nashville. lie was discharged June 5, 1865, and returned home and has since been engaged in farm- ing. He now owns thirty-eight acres of good land on section 32, Rome Township. Dec. 25, 1*72, Mr. Brandeburg married Nancy Jewell, a native of Athens County, born Sept. 22, 1851. They have four children — Elmer Ellsworth, born April 24, 1874; Effie HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 581 Jane, Oct. 25, 1875; Nettie Leota, Oct. 24, 1877; William Eugene, Dec. 25, 1882. Politically Mr. Brandeburg is a Republican. Abraham T. Buck was born in New York, June 9, 1810, and came to Ohio at the age of six. He has always made Athens County his home. He has a farm of 160 acres of fine land on sec- tion 15, Carthage Township, Athens County. He has held the office of School Director in Carthage Township several terms. Mr. Buck came to Guysville in 18S0, where he still resides. In 1S33 he married Miss L. Davis, a native of Ohio, born in 1818. They have had nine children — Alden, who was wounded in the bat- tle of Gettysburg, and died in the hospital; Rachel M., now Mrs. John Weatherly; Alonzo, Wesley, George, James, Charles, Djw. and John A., who died when quite small. Mr. Buck and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Rath S. (Stewart) Byron was born in what is now the town of Stewart, Rome Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Jan. 14, 1S42. Her father, D. B. Stewart, born in the same township, Nov. 20, 1812, has always lived in this county. He has carried on farming, mill- in--, woolen manufacturing, etc., all his life. The mother of our subject, Mrs. Sarah (Carter) Stewart, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Feb. 11, 1820. She was married April 7, 1836, and died. Oct. 16, 1874. She was the mother of nine children, six of whom are living — Ruth, Hannah, Matilda, Juliette, Frank C. and D. B.. Jr. Her husband, C. Byron (deceased), was born in Yorkshire, England. April 14, 1832, and was brought to America in 1S33. Daring the gold excitement he went to California, and remained there until 1859, making one visit home in 1856, of six months' duration. In ] S59 he returned to Stewart, and went into business with his father, buying and selling wool and making cloth in the factory at Stewart. April 9, 1861, he enlisted as private in the Third Ohio Infantry. On the 27th of the same month he was married. He served his country three years and eight months. He was first commissioned Lieutenant, and afterward, in 1S63, Captain of his company. He was selected by Colonel Streight to command 100 picked men in making a raid upon Rome, Ga., for the purpose of destroying a Confederate armory. While on this raid he was taken prisoner and confined in Libby Prison one year and eight months. November, l v, '>4, he escaped, and was thirty-one days in reaching the Union lines. In crossing the Savannah River, one mile wide, and full of ice, he was obliged to wade, which permanently impaired his health. Five months after reaching home he was mustered out at 582 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Columbus, Ohio. In the spring he bought the Stewart woolen mills, and was engaged in the manufacturing business at the time of his death, which occurred Dec. 25, 1878. There were present at the funeral nearly 100 members of the Freemason lodges at Gaiysville, Athens, Amesville and Coolville. James A. Caldwell was born in Carthage Township, Athens Co., Ohio, March 9, 1820. His education was received in the district schools. He has always been a farmer, and now owns 300 acres of fine, well-improved land. He held the offices of Justice of the Peace, Township Clerk, School Trustee and Township Assessor in Carthage Township, and in 1860 was Land Appraiser. He came to Eome Township in the spring of 1862. He was married Dec. 29, 1843, to Harriet Branch, of Meigs County. They have one child — Margaret Ann. She was married in 1S60 to E. D. Erwin, who died in 1880, leaving two sons — James and E. C. Mrs. Erwin and her sons now live with Mr. Caldwell. Mrs. Caldwell and her daughter are members of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Caldwell is a member of Guysville Lodge, No. 466, A. F. & A. M. Mr. Erwin was also a member of that order. Mr. Caldwell's father, Alexander Caldwell, was born in Ireland in 1797, and came to America in 1S08. He was married in 1824, to Margaret Fesler, of North Carolina. They had five children — James, Polly, Fesler, Belinda and Margaret. Polly and Belinda are deceased.* Fesler and Margaret are living in Macon County, Mo. Mr. Caldwell died in 1875. F. J. Carpenter, farmer, was born in Athens Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Dec. 10, 1844, on the farm recently bought and called the Children's Home. He lived there until the spring of 1856, when he came to Rome Township, where he has since resided, engaged in farming. His father died in September, 1848; his mother, Mary Wyatt (Johnson) Carpenter, was born in Pome Township, Athens County, and is still living. She has been the mother of six children three now living — Parker, born in 1831; Louisa, now Mrs. John Bailey, born in 1842, living in Bates County, Mo., and the subject of this sketch. Our subject was married Jan. 11, 1866, to Augusta Howell, a native of Rome Township, born in 1842. They had two children — Mattie, born Oct. ], 1S66, and Maie, born July 28, 1S68. Mrs. Carpenter died Sept. 18, 1875, and Oct. 10, 1S77, Mr. Carpenter married Dell Schraden. She was born in Rome Town- ship, Athens County, March 16, 1855. They have one child — Bertie, bornSept. 18, 1^79. Mr. Carpenter has a farm of 200 acres, located in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 583 Rome Township. He is a memoer of the order of Freemasons, Coolville Lodge, No. 337. In August, 1S62, lie enlisted in Company A. ( me Hundred and Twenty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, serv- ing ten months, when he was mustered out at Cleveland, Ohio, and returning home re-enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Eighty- sixth Volunteer Infantry; served eleven months, and was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio. He participated in the siege of Knox- ville, Tenn., and various skirmishes. John Johnson, the grand- father of Mr. Carpenter, was born in Bucks County, Pa., in 1770, and died in 1865. His wife, Sallie (Wyatt) Johnson, was born in Beverly, Mass., Dec. 28, 1777, and died Dec. 30, 1850. They were the parents of seven children, Mr. Carpenter's mother being the second child, born in Rome Township, Athens County, July 10, 1809. April 11,1829, she married Frederick Carpenter. He was born in Hartford County, Conn., in April, 1802, and die! Oct. 11,184:8. Mrs. Carpenter and her husband were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. When Mrs. Carpenter's father settled in this county services were held only once in four weeks, it being in the early days of the church. Charles Coleman, farmer, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, Dec. 29, 1828. He left there and came, in 1840, to Athens County, where he has since resided. He owns ninety acres of land where he lives, on fraction 32, Rome Township, Athens Co., Ohio. He has been considerably engaged in constructing railroads, working on the Baltimore Short Line, theD. & S. E. Narrow Gauge R. R., the to Valley R. R.. also the Chesapeake & OhioR. R. He has also farmed to some extent. He was married in 1850, to Margaret M. Boyles. She was born in Athens County in 1831, and is the mother of four children — Francis M., Sarah, William and Charles E. Mrs. Coleman is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. The father of our subject was Charles Coleman, born in Maryland in 1786 and died in Athens County in 1852. His mother. Eliza- beth (Fallen Coleman, was of German <1< scent; she died in Morgan County, Ohio, in 1834. They have had six children, four of whom are living — Rachel (now Mrs. Josephus Day), John, Mary Ann (now Mrs. William Abbott, of Carter County, Ivy.), Elizabeth (now Mr.-. Luther Withum, who lives in Meigs County, Ohio). John E. Cook was born in Rome Township, Athens Co., Ohio, April 0. 1836. He was married July 4, L859, to Susan J. Ginn. a native of Morgan County, Ohio, born in September, 1837. They had two children — John X. and Jennie. His wife died June 17, 584 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1865. Dec. 17, 1866, he married Phoebe J. Kelly, a native of Ath- ens County, born April 6, 1838. They have one child — Charles S. Aug. 27, 1862, Mr. Cook enlisted in Company C, Third Ohio In- fantry, and served three years; was in the battles of Perry ville and Stone River. At the latter place he was captured and was in Libby Prison a week. Ue was then paroled and came home, and two months later was exchanged and returned to his regiment. He was then on the famous raid to Rome, Ga., with Colonel Straight, and at Rome was captured and sent to Belle Isle. From there he was paroled but never exchanged, and after being at home three months returned to the field and was on detached duty a year. He was attached temporarily to the Thirty-third Ohio, and during the time was in the battles of Marietta, Altoona, Kennesaw, Old Shanty. Atlanta, Jonesboro, Fort McAlister, Avery s bo ro and Bentonville. From there he went to Richmond, thence to Washington, where he was mustered out June 5, 1865. He was also with Sherman on his raid, and was captured at Rockingham, S. C, and sentenced to be hanged, but two girls, Emma and Lucretia Smith, planned his escape. Mr. Cook is a member of Savannah Lodge, No. 466, A. F. & A. M. ; the Grand Army the Republic, and the Ex-Prisoners of the War Association. Mrs. L. G. Cook was born in Rome Township, Athens Co.,. Ohio, Nov. 19, 1815. April 17, 1834, she married i>. Cook, a native of New York, born in September, L810. He came to Ohio in 1815, and died July 23, 1879. Mrs. Cook has two sons — Harley A., born Feb. 13, 1842. and Wyatt J., born Oct. !', 1847. Harley A. is engaged in the mercantile business and is also carrying on the farm. lie has been Postmaster since 1879. He was married Aug. 30, 1866, to Christina J. Done, a native of Rome Township, born in 1842. They have four children— Frank T., born Sept. 27, 1S68; Josephine. Oct. 11, 1869; Alberta, July 13, 1873; Ora F., Feb. 1, 1880. Wyatt J. has a saw and grist mill, situated two miles east ot Stewart, on the Hocking River. He has six children, Rosamond W., G. R., Roland B., Elbert C, Orland L. and Leroy W. Mrs. Cook and her children are members of the Universalist church. She owns a farm of 270 acres. Mrs. Esther Copeland, daughter of James and Jane Milligan, was married March 1 ( .», L828, to William Copeland, a native of Westmoreland County, Penn., born June 25, 179s. He died Aug. 15, 1875. They had a family of eleven children, seven now liv- ing— Josiah, Samuel, Thomas. Clark. Aikin, David and Carr. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 585 Six sons were in the late war, and three were in the battle of Pittsburg Landing. Their eldest son, Robert C, was killed by being caught in the machinery of a saw-mill at Taylor's Station. David S. was married March 29, 1877, to Emma Biggins, a native of Washington County, born in 1856. They have two children — Ervilla, born Dec. 21, 1877, and Fred, born April 22. 1879. Mrs. Copeland's father was a native of New York. lie was a soldier in the war of 1812, under General Harrison, lie died in 1815. Her mother was a native of Ireland. She died in Ohio in 1862. John Copeland, tanner and stock-raiser, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, May 28, 1830. lie came with his parents to Ath- ens County when a year old, and settled on a farm where he La- lived ever since. His father, John Copeland, was born in Penn- sylvania, July 2, 1795, and died in Athens County, Ohio, Dec. 20, 1855. His mother / Jane (Dick) Copeland, was born in Penn- sylvania, May 5, 1800, and died in Athens County. Nov. 29, 1881. They have had nine children — William, Ellen, Jane, Jonathan, Su- sannah, Samuel, Mary, John and Ann. John, the subject of this sketch, is next to the youngest child. He was married April 26, L864, to Sarah Jane Marquis. She was born in Noble County. Ohio, in 1818. They have five children — David A., Eliza A., Clara V.. William A. and Addie J. Mr. Copeland owns ISO acres of good land in Kome Township. He is a member of the New School Presbyterian churm. He enlisted in Company II, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, Oct. 7, 1861, and served three years; was mustered out at Louisville, Ky., Oct. 27, 1863. He was in'the battle of Stone Piver, Tenn., and a great many skirmishes. Anslcy Cornell) Guysville, was born in Albany, New York, Aug 7. 1^-".'. and came to Meigs County, Ohio, in the spring of 1832. He lived there until 1875, when he came to Guysville, where he has since resided, lie was engaged in the hotel business one year, but has >ince then been occupied as saddler and harness-maker. April 11, l^.m, he married Harriet E. Elli^, a native of Lawrence County, Ohio, born April 5, 1837. They have had three children, two of whom are living — IdaM., born .March 19, 1857, now Mrs. Louis Finsterwald, married March 14, 1878, and Ira. E., born Dec. 11, I860. The father of our subject, Dr. John Cornell, was born in New York, and came to Ohio in 1832, where he died in 1^73. Hi- wife, Christiana, was born in Pennsylvania, and died in 1 - All their ten children are living, the youngest now forty years old. Mrs. Cornell's father, Hiram Ellis, was born in New York in 1799, 586 HISTORY OF nOCKING VALLEY. and died May 18, 1876. Her mother, Harriet (Gillett) Ellis, was born in Connecticut in 1800, and died Jan. 18, 1856. Mr. and Mrs. Ellis were the parents of thirteen children, Mrs. Cornell being next to the youngest. D. W. Cornell was born in Chester, Meigs Co., Ohio, Jan. 20, 1842. In 1858 he entered the Ohio Institute at Athens and grad- uated in 1S63. In 1866 he became established in the mercantile business in Guysville. He held the office of Township Clerk three years, and Township Treasurer ten years. He is a member of Savan- nah Lodge, No. 466, A. F. & A. M. Oct. 10, 1869, he married Amy Calvert, a native of Rome Township, born Feb. 8, 1810. Mr. Cornell's parents, Dr. John and Christine (Spraker) Cornell, were natives of New York, his father born in December, 179S, and his mother in 1802. They were married in 1820, and came to Ohio in 1832. They had a family of ten children, all of whom are living and married but one. Dr. Cornell practiced his profession in Meigs County till about ten years prior to his death. He died Sept. L9, 1873. A. S. Crippen was born March 1, IS 10, in Home Township, Athens Co., Ohio, and has always made this his home. When a young man he followed flat-boating on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, and has visited Memphis when there were but two stores there. For forty years he ran the Crippen grist and saw mill on the Hocking River, two miles east of Stewart, but gave up milling in 1871 and now lives a more retired life on his farm, where he has 238^ acres of fine land. He was married in 1836 to Theodocia Frost, a native of Rome Township, born in 1814. She died in June, 1875, leaving three children — Adaline, born Dec. 25, 1836; Mary, born in January, 1811, and Charles, born March 16, 1813. Their eldest daughter, Adaline, married Laughlin Devine, a native of Pennsylvania, born Oct. 21, 1S2S. They have one son — Owen Crippen, born Oct. r>. 1881. Mary married Peter Finsterwal'l. Mr. Crippen has never belonged to a church or a society of any kind. Mrs. Crippen's mother, Keziah Frost, was a native of New York, born in 1796, and came to Ohio with her parents in 1800. Her father, Elijah Hatch, was a Representative of the Northwestern Territory, now Washington, Athens and a part of Vinton coun- ties, thirteen terms. Edward Doan, born in Rome Township, Nov. 14, 1837, is a son of William P. and Julia (Frost) Doan. His father was born in Washington County, Ohio, and died in 1*47. His mother was HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 587 oorn in Athens County in February, 1815, and is now the wife of Rev. P. F. Jones. There was a family of four children — Frank- lin, Edward, Charles and Christiana. Mr. Doan enlisted, June 20, 1861, in Company C, Third Ohio Infantry, and served three years, lie was in the battles of Rich Mountain, Perryville, Stone River ami many skirmishes. He was with Colonel Streight on his raid through Georgia, and was captured at Rome and sent to Belle Isle. He was discharged in 1864. Dec. 21, 1865, he married Mary E. Potter, a native of Washington County, Ohio, born July 12, L843. Nine children have been born to them— Oliver M., born Oct. 12. 1866,. died Sept, 22, 1879; Julia, born Aug. 2, 1868; Edward 0., born Sept. 11, 1870; Louisa, born July IS, 1872; Hat- tie, born Jan. 17, 1874; Franklin, born June 24, 1876; Annie, born Dec. 19, 1877; Osa, born Aug. 12, 1880, and Clara, born Sept. 8, L882. Mrs. Doan's father, Edward Potter, was born in Maine, Aug. 11, 1812, and died near Lynchburg, Va., in 1847. Her mother, Louisa i P>eebe) Potter, was born in Rome Township, March 20, 1823. They had a family of three children— Mary E , born July 12, 1843; Maria L., born April 27, 1845, and Horace C, born Dec. 5, 1846. Mrs. Melvina L. {Washburn) Frost was born in Coolville, Ath- ens County, Feb. 10, 1827. March 29, 1851, she married C. C. Frost, of Rome Township, born June 23, 1827. They had one child — Leura B., born Sept. 9, 1856, now Mrs. John Lemmon, of Balti- more. Md. Mr. Frost enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, and died June 29, 1864, of a wound received in the battle near Staunton, Ya. July 16, 1866, Mrs. Frost married Harvey Gt. Frost, a native of Athens County, born June 4, 1819. He died May 3, 1881. He enlisted in Company K, Thirty- ninth Ohio Infantry, and served one year; was discharged on account of disability. Mrs. Frost has twenty-four acres of good land and considerable village property in Frost. She is a member of the Congregational church. Her father was born in Massachu- setts, Dec. 18, 17H4, and died May 17. 1^74. Her mother, Leura (Cleveland) Washburn, was a native of New York, and died July 9, L839. Her parents had a family of ten children. Her father married a second wife, Anna Parsons, of Athens County. She died July 9, 1859. leaving five children. Edward II. Ginji was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Nov. 16, L831, and came to Athens County in 1836. In 1856 he went to Illinois and lived in Mercer and Rock Island counties about eight 588 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. years, returning to Ohio in 1863. In 1876 Mr. Ginn fell from a trestle thirty-five feet high, on the M. & C. Railroad, and broke his left arm in two places an! five of his ribs. For the past eighteen months he has been running a stationary engine, pumping water for the M. & C. Railroad, at Stewart. He was married April 25, 1853, to Robena Welch, a native of Pennsylvania, born Dec. 31, 1S36. Eleven children have been born to them, nine now living — Elizabeth, now Mrs. L. A. Patterson, born in 1856; William A., born in 1858; Daniel F., born in 1S60; Edward E., born in 1863; Charles S., born in 1866; George P., born in 1867; John S., born in 1870; Frederick J., born in 1871, and Lewis, born in 1880. Mr. and Mrs. Ginn are members of the Methodist church. Politically he is a Republican. James Ginn was born in Morgan County, Ohio, O^t. 3, 182^. In 1836 he cam? with his parents to Athens County and settled in Ames Township. In 1S40 they moved to the farm where he now lives, in Rome Township, where his father died in 1812. He was married Sept. 11,1851, to Cynthia Hill, a native of Athens County, born June 1, 1826. They have three children — Ida, Ella and Hat- tie. Mr. Ginn and his family are members of the Methodist church. He has a fine farm of 105 acres on section 35, Rome Township. His father was a native of Ireland, born March 2, 1805, and came to America in 1810, landing in South Carolina. In 1812 he came to Ohio, locating in Morgan County. His mother, Mary (Benton) Ginn, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, in 1S05, and now lives in Clyde, Ohio. They had a family of eight chil- dren, five of whom are living — James, Edward, Francis, Sarah and Rosa. Mrs. Ginn's parents, Nathan and Lucy (Bennett) Hill, were natives of Massachusetts, her father born in 1779, and her mother in 1782. Mr. Hill died in March, 1864, and Mrs. Hill, Sept. 11, 1867. They had a family of eight children — Sallie, Amasa, Lucius, Solomon, Lucy, Polly, Nancy and Cynthia. Lucius died in Feb- ruary, 1882. J. M. Grosvenor was born in Windham County, Conn., Oct. 22, 1832, and came to Athens County, Ohio, in 1839, locating in Rome Township, where he has since resided. He now owns 150 acres of good well-improved land. He enlisted in November, 1861, in Company II, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and served till October, 1865. He enlisted as private and was promoted to Second Lieu- tenant, then First Lieutenant, then to Regimental Quartermaster ol the old regiment, and afterward was First Lieutenant and Quarter- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 589 master of the new Eighteenth. He served under General Mitchell in Kentucky; was with General Rosecrans at the battles of Stone River and Chickamauga; afterward was under General Grant; then at Mission Ridge and Nashville, Tenn., in the Fourteenth Army- Corps, under General Thomas; then through Alabama, and with General Steadman to Augusta, Ga. , and from there to Columbus. ( )hio 3 where he was mustered out. Mr. Grosvenor is a member of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R. He was married in 1854 to Sarah Jane McColloch, a native of Marshall County, Ya., born in 1833. They have three children — Frank, Peter and Fannie. Leander Harris was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Feb. 22, L841, and when nine years of age came to Bern Township, Athens County. June 22, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Fourth Vir- ginia Infantry, and served three years. The first eighteen months he was in a number of skirmishes in West Virginia; afterward was in the battles of Jackson, siege oi Vicksburg, Resaca, Mission Ridge and Dallas. He was discharged July 8, 1S64, two days be- fore the battle of Kennesaw Mountain. He was married April '.'. l s »i'). to Sarah A. Hodcroft, a native of Athens County, born Dec. 15, 1815. They have had eight children, only six now living — Arza E.,born March 31, I860; Vesta V., born Jan. 24, 1868; Addie M., born Feb. 13, 1S70, died June 1, 1871; Ruth E., born March 16, 1872; Fannie E., born Feb. 28, 1S74; Augusta, born July 25, 1876; Flora B., born March 13, 1879, died June 13, 1880; gianna, born Sept. 21, 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Harris are mem- : of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Harris is a member of Savannah Lodge, No. 406, A. F. & A. M. Mr. Harris came to Stewart in April, 1^76, and now has a pleasant home and good trade. James 3ess, carpenter and farmer, was born in Warren County. X . J., Jan. 3, 1839. His father, Abraham Hess, was born in Pennsylvania in 1S0S, and died in Athens County, October, 1877. Eis mother, Elizabeth (Smith) Hess, was born in New Jersey about 181 1, and died in Athens County in 1856. They were the parents of eight children — William, Jane, James,Sarah E., Peter, Martin, [saac and Lewis. James came with his parents, to this county in L848, and has since resided here, most of the time following farming. For the last five or six years he has followed the carpenter's trade. lie married, Xov. 3, 1861, Angeline Weethee. born in Athens County, Dec. 16, 1844. They have one child— Margaret Ann, born June 11, 1864. Mr. Hess lives in fraction 25, Rome Town- ship, where he has a pleasant home. 590 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Samuel N. Hobson, Postmaster, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, April 5, 1333. He removed with his parents to Washing- ton County in 1851, remaining there until 1S65, when he moved to Beverly. He removed to Morgan County in 1S70, and in 1877 came to Athens, where he has since resided. He has been en- gaged in the mercantile business many years, and has for ten years been acting Postmaster in Athens, Morgan and Jefferson counties. He has been a notary public five years, and has been elected County Surveyor. He was married ISTov. 20, 1853, to Anna M. Heald, a native of Columbiana County, Ohio, b3rn April 18, 1836. They have three children — Marianna, now Mrs. J. A. Lovell, of Morgan County, born in August. 1S55; Addie, now Mrs. O. M. Lovell, born in 1857; R. Estella, born March 9, 1876. Mr. Hob- sou joined the Freemasons April 4, 1863, Bentley Lodge, No. 293, Washington County, Ohio. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of Stewart. During the late war he enlisted in Company G, One Hundred and Forty-eighth Regiment, O. N. G. ; was under General Sigel at Harper's Ferry, Va., and under Gen- eral Grant at City Point, Ya. He was mustered out at Marietta, Ohio, returning home to Washington County. Since that time he has been engaged in the mercantile business now in conjunction with the postoffice at Stewart. William Jackson was born in Canaan Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Feb. 15, 1816. He has lived in Ames and Rome townships ever since he was seven years of age. He learned the cooper's trade when he was eighteen years old and worked at it until 183S. lie came to Xew England in 1860, and is still a resident of that place, lie was married to Anna Tedrow, Jan. 3, 1839. She was born in Pennsylvania. May 22. 1811. Mr. and Mrs. Jackson are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. His father. John Jackson, was born in Pennsylvania in 1790, and died Nov. 27. 1S67. His mother, Mary Calvert, was born in Virginia, and died in 1839, in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio. They had a family of seven children — S.illie, William, Matilda, Robert, David, Deb- orah, and Jane. Mrs. Jackson's father, Reuben Tedrow, was born in Pennsylvania in 1759, and died in 1839. Her mother, Jane Leech, was born in Pennsylvania in 176^. She died in 1851. They had thirteen children — John. Phebe. Thomas, Jacob, Sarah, Re- becca, Reuben, Jane, Joseph, David, William, George and Anna. Mr. and Mrs. Jackson have no children of their own but have an adopted daughter, Ella M.. born May 7. 1862. She is also a mem- ^^Zt^Pt^ HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 591 ber of the Methodist church. Mr. Jackson owns about thirty-two acres of land adjoining New England, and considerable town property. L. 1L Jarvls, a native of Belchertown, Mass., born Sept. 29, 1817, left there in 1813 and came to Athens Township, where he worked at his trade of gun-smithing, and in 1850 moved to the town of Athens, and followed the same trade for three years. In ls53 he was employed to superintend the building of the M. & C. R. R. In October, 1857, he came to New England, remaining here the greater part of the time, being absent from the State in 1859 and 1800. He has been employed as conductor on the T. II., A. & St. L. R. R. He is now engaged in the general mercantile busi- ness and farming. He has 73^ acres in Canaan Township, also M'veral town lots in New England. Oct. 0, 1S3S, Mr. Jarvis mar- ried Susan Thomas, who was born in Lenox, Berkshire Co., Mass., in 1816. They have had five children, two of whom are living — George P., born Oct. 29, 1842, in Berkshire County, Mass., and Leonora D. M. (now Mrs. H. J. Smith), born May 15, 1850, at Athens, Ohio. E. W. Jewell, born in Philadelphia, Penn., Feb. 10, 1822, was a son of Samuel and Mary (Winner) Jewell, his father a native of New Jersey, and his mother of Bucks County, Penn. He came with his parents to Athens Count}-, Ohio, in 1812, and located in Rome Township. He was married in the spring of 1815 to Re- becca Simmons, a native of Rome Township, born Juh T -1, 1825. They have nine children — W. G., born April 7, 1817; Jonathan S., born Oct. 13, 1848; Nancy J., born Sept. 22, 1851; Mary E., born May 11, 1S52; Angenetta, born Nov. 22, 1854; Marcellus, bom Nov. IS, 1856; Caroline, born Jan. 22, 1S5S; Franklin, born May 2, 1862; Perley, born Jan. 2, 1865. Mr. Jewell and his two eldest sons enlisted in the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, he in Com- pany C, W. G. in Company I, and Jonathan in Company II. They were in the Army of the Cumberland under Generals Thomas and Rosecrans; were in the battles of Stone River, Duck R ver. Hoover's Gap, Davis Cross Roads, Chickamauga, and Nash- ville. Mr. Jewell owns 120 acres of land in fraction 4, Rome Town- ship. He and his son W. G. are members of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R. He is neutral in his political views. J. W. Johnson, born in Rome Township. Athens Co., Ohio, Sept. 27, ISIS, was the fifth of seven children of John and Sarah I W yatt) Johnson, natives of Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. His 592 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. mother was bora Dec. 23, 1777, and died Dec. 30, 1859. His father also died in this county. Mr. Johnson has a line farm of 1,100 acres of the best land in the Hocking Valley. He was married March 7, 1841, to Catherine Beeba, a native of Rome Township, born in September, 1824. They have had six children, five now living — Eliza, now Mrs. H. P. Mineer; Mary, now Mrs. F. B. Pat- ton; William, Charles and John. Mr. Johnson is a member of Lodge No. 466, A. F. & A. M. Moses Lawrence was born in New Hampshire, Jan. 2, 1820, and when sixteen years of age came to Ohio, locating first in Carthage Township, Athens County. He afterward removed to Lodi Town- ship and bought a farm of 236 acres, where he lived thirty years. In 1880 he came to Guys/ille, Home Township. June 12, 1843, he married Laura T. Skeels, a native of New York, born May 3, 1821. They have five children — Harriet R., now Mrs. H. Stalden, born Oct. 25, 1847; George R., born Nov. 28, 1851; Caroline M., now Mrs. H. Brown, born June 15, 1854; John E., born Feb. 2, 1858; Arthur E., born Dec. 7, 1S67. Mr. Lawrence's parents, Moses and Sarah (Johnston) Lawrence, were natives of Massachu- setts, his father born July 14, 1775, and his mother, Feb. 16, 177*5. His mother died July 19, 1814, and his father, Sept. 8, 1S44, in Athens County. Mrs. Lawrence's father, Sylvanus Skeels, was born in Vermont, Aug. 16, 1789, and died in Troy Township in 1866. Her mother, Calista (Benjamin) Skeels, was born Feb. 14, 1798, and died Dec. 10, 1876. Mrs. Lawrence is the fourth of a family of seven children, six now living. Gustavus LeGoulloii was born in Bsaver County, Pa., Oct. 12. 1842. In 1862 he enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Fifty- fifth Pennsylvania Infantry; was in the battles of Antietam, Fred- ericksburg, ChanceUorsville, Gettysburg, battle of the Wilderness, Laurel Hill, North Anna River, Cold Harbor and Petersburg. June 28, 1864, he was wounded in the left foot and was in the hospitals at New York and Pittsburg, Pa., ten months. He was mustered out at Pittsburg and returned to Beaver County. June 28, 1868, he married Dora Massey, a native of Loudoun County, Va., born Nov. 2, 1847. They have seven children — Florence, born Dec. 1". 1869; Francis, Sept. 28, 1871; George, Aug. 7, 1873; Harold, May 4, ls75; Blanche, Dec. 1, 1876; Anna, Dec. 20, 1879; Earl G., M iy 30, 1882. Mr. Le Goullon came to Guysville, Athens Co., Ohio, in April, 1SS0, and built a tannery. He pays the highest prices for hides and makes first-class leather. He has the only tannery HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 593 between Parkersburg and Athens and furnishes all the leather that is needed by the shoemakers in this vicinity. Joseph Linton, son of James and Mary (Montgomery) Linton, natives of Ireland, was born in County Derry, Ireland, in 1827, and came to America in 1849, landing in Boston. He went to Philadelphia and remained a fe.v weeks, then went to Rochester, N. Y., and from there to Pittsburg, where he lived six months. He then came to Ohio and bought a farm of forty acres in Wash- ington County. He now owns 320 acres of fine, well-improved land on section 32, Rome Township, Athens County. He was mar- ried May 29, 1849, in Scotland, to Nancy Chestnut, a native of Antrim, Ireland, born Nov. 15,1822. They have seven children — William J., born Aug. 1, 1855; Hannah L., March 11, 1S56; Mary E., April 6, 185S; Nancy, Jan. 6, 1S60; Perlina C, April 8, 1862; Joseph C, July 25, 1864; and Daniel, July 20,1867. Mr. Linton was reared in the faith of the Presbyterian church. Politically he is a Republican. He has held the office of School Director. His mother died in 1829 and his father in 1833. Joseph was the young- est of three sons. Mrs. Linton's parents, William and Nancy (Coyles) Chestnut, were natives of the north of Ireland and died there, her father in 1843 and her mother in 1830. Mrs. Linton is the seventh of eight children. James Morrison was born in Washington County, Pa., Oct. 11, 1840. He was a resident of Guernsey County, Ohio, a tew years, and has lived in Athens County about twenty-five years. March 17, 1869, he married Julia Dewese, a native of Athens County, born March 22, 1847. She died June 2, 1873, leaving one son— Seth Clarence, born April 7, 1871. Jan. 2, 1878, Mr. Morrison married Mrs. Jane Johnson, widow of Calvin Johnson. They have three children — Jessie May, Lon T. and William. Mrs. Morrison also has four children by her first marriage — Cynthia, Nancy, Maggie and Callie. Mr. Morrison enlisted in the late war in Company H, One Hundred and Eighty-sixth Ohio Infantry, and served till the close of the war. He owns 130 acres of good land on section 36, Rome Township, and is engaged in general tanning and stock-raising. L. C. Murphy, druggist, was born in Pleasanton, Athens Co., Ohio, June 22, 1858. His parents, A. C. and Martha (Baker) Murphy, were natives of Belmont and Athens counties, Ohio. They had a family of twelve children, eight of whom are now living— Finley J., Lucinda J., O. B.,Wra. S., L. C, EberR.. 38 594 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Lewis and Flora E. L. C. was educated in this county and taught school several terms till 1881. Nov. 7 of that year he became es- tablished in the drug business in Guysville and now has a good trade. He was married Dec. 31, 1877, to Emma Sams, a native of Pleasanton, born in 1858. They have two children — -Maud M., oorn in 1&78, and Arthur G., in 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Murphy are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Patrick (J* Connor, son of Martin and Bridget O'Connor, was born in Ireland, March 18, 1827. He came to America with his parents in 1852, landing in New York, May 3. Three years later his parents returned to Ireland, where his father died in 1860 and his mother in 1865. Mr. O'Connor lived a few weeks in Mary- land and then went to Clarksburg, W. Va., and lived five years. He then lived four years in Missouri, two years in Kentucky, and two years in Indiana. From the latter State became to Athens County and has since resided here, engaged in the grocery business. He was married Jan. 19, 1863, to Mary Patton. a native of Ireland, born May 13, 1845. They have six children — Mary E., born Feb. 2,1864; Agnes, Aug. 8, 1866; Margaret, Oct. 22, 1870; Kate, March 11, 1872; Sarah, Sept. 13, 1874, and Nora, Aug. 8, 1877. Mr. O'Connor and his family are members of the Catholic church. Mrs. O'Connor's parents, Thomas and Ellen (Gallagher) Patten, were natives of Ireland, and came to America, her father in L845 and her mother in 1852. Mrs. O'Connor is the third of their eight children. Francis B. Patton was born Oct. 20, 1838, in Athens County, Ohio. He enlisted in the late war in Company A, Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, and served two years and ten months; was in the battles of 1 1 Dover's Gap, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, and with Sher- man to the sea. He came home via Washington and was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio. He was married Sept. 11,1877, to Mary Johnson, a native of Rome Township, born June 28, 1846. Mr. Patton and his brother, Preston I., own ISO acres of good land on fraction 3, Rome Township. Mr. Patton is a member of Coolville Lodge. No. 337, A. F. & A. M.. and Columbus (.olden Post, No. fc>9, G. A. II., Athens. His parents, Joseph and Permelia Patton, are both natives of Ohio, his father born April 24, 1815, and his mother April 24, L818. They have five children — Francis B., 3 ton I., Martha, Oscar and Mary. Mrs. Patton's parents, J. W. and Catherine (Beebe) Johnson, are both natives of Athens County. They have five children — Eliza, Mary, William, Charles und John, all residents of this county. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 595 Amos Patterson was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, Dec. 25, 1828. His father, Jordan Patterson, was born in North Carolina in 1796, and went to Jefferson County, Ohio, about 1805, and in 1^88, came to Athens County, where he died in 1867. His mother was Mary (Lipsy) Patterson, born in Jefferson Count} 7 , Ohio, in 1707, and is still living in Amesville, Athens Co., Ohio, at the age of eighty-six years. Mr. and Mrs. Patterson have had ten children, six living — James, Joseph, Amasa, John, Amos and Sarah. Amos was married Nov. 7, 1852, to Eunice Vain pelt, born in Highland County, Ohio. They have four children living — A. D., H. W., L. A. and Linnie. Mr. and Mrs. Patterson are members of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Patterson is a member of the order of Freemasons, Amesville Lodge. He resides in New England, Rome Township, and owns 200 acres of good land. F. M. Payne, merchant, Frost, Ohio, was born in Washington County, Ohio, Jan. 24, 1843. He was reared and educated in this State. He went to Illinois and remained a year, but returned to Ohio. He came to Frost in 1881, where he now has a large stock of groceries, boots and shoes, notions, etc. He was married Nov. 28, 1865, to Adda L. Smith, a native of Plymouth, Ohio, born in April, 1812. They have two children — Fred, born April 23, 1867, and Estella, born Dec. 2, 1872. Mr. Payne is a member of Lodge No. 527, I. O. O. F. His father, Gabriel Payne, was bom in Clinton, N. J., Oct. 18, 1818, and came to Ohio when fourteen years of age. His mother, Mahala (Gossett) Payne, was born in Washington County, Ohio, July 4, 1817. They have two children— J. D., born April 12, 1838, and F. M. Jefferson Perry was born in Rome Township, on the farm where he still lives, April 16, 1840. Aug. 9, 1862, he enlisted in Com- pany 1. Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, and served till the close of the Avar. lie was in West Virginia four or five months, and then went to Carthage, Tenn.; was afterward at Chattanooga, siege of Atlanta, followed Hood to Alabama, then again to Atlanta, Savan- nah. Fayetteville and Raleigh. He returned homo via Richmond and Washington, and was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio. Dec. 29, 1869, he married Rebecca J. Townsend, a native of Meigs County, Ohio, born March 10, 1845. They have two children — Emma E., born Jan. 10, 1872, and Frank O., born Nov. 2, 1877. Mr. Perry is a member of Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., at Athens. His father, John M. Perry, was born in Berkshire County, Mass., June 28, 1805, and died Oct. 25, 1872. He mar- 596 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ried Filma Wells, a native of Massachusetts, born Oct. 15, 1807. She diedJan. 11, 1832, leaving three children— Huldah P., P. W. and Oliver II. Mr. Perry then married Polly Simmons, a native of Ohio. She died Oct. 3, 1846, leaving four children — Matilda, Jackson, Jefferson and William. March 29, 1847, Mr. Perry mar- ried Rebecca Townsend, widow of John S. Townsend. She was born in Alexander Township, Athens County, Dec. 13, 1804. She had four children — Sophia O, born March 6, 1822; William, July 24, 1824; Willard A., July 24, 1S27, and John C, Sept. 9, 1840. Waterman L. Petty was horn in Rome Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Nov. 14, 1841. His father, Willis Petty, was born in Prince William County, Va., in 1804, and came to Ohio in 1831. He died in Rome Township in 1876. His mother. Abigail (John- son) Petty, was born in New Hampshire in 1812, and came to Ohio in 1834. She is still a resident of this county. There was a family of nine children — Willard, Teresa, Sallie Ann, Sainantha, Waterman, Loran, Lawrence, Lydia and Edward. Mr. Petty en- listed in Company A, Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, and served three years; was in the battles of Hoover's Clap and Ohickamauga. He was captured at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863; was in Libby Prison six weeks, Danville five months, and Andersonville twelve months, and was only released at the final surrender of the rebels. He was mustered out June 25, 1865. At the time of his capture his weight was 145 pounds, and when released was only ninety- four pounds. Oct 12, 1868, Mr. Petty married Lizzie McDaniel, a native of Grafton, Va., born Nov. 7, 1841. They have three children — Emma Maud, born Nov. 5, 1871; Myrtle, born March 8, 1874, and Ulysses, born Nov. 3, 1876. J. M. Rhodes, general merchant, New England, was born in Noble County, Ohio, Oct. 16, 1841. He was reared on a farm, remaining with his father until twenty years of age. He enlisted in the Twenty-fifth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, June 20, 1861, and was mustered out June 18, L866, lacking only two days of serving five years. He was in the battles of Chancellorsville, second Bull Run, Gettysburg and many others. He was wounded at Gettysburg in the Left foot; was absent from his regiment three months. He rejoined his regiment at Folly Island in time to east his first vote for President, casting it for Abraham Lincoln. He was kept on duty at Columbia, S. C. ; was discharged at Columbus, Ohio. He then returned to Noble County, Ohio, and engaged in the grocery business, remaining in that business nine months. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 597 March 14, 1867, lie married Hattie Curtis. She was born in Geauga County, Ohio, March 5, 1814. They have had five children, three of whom arc living — Jessie M., born April 8, 1868; William S., born July 26, 1877, and Russell R., born Aug. 3, 1880. After Mr. Rhodes was married he went to Bailey's Run, Athens County, and farmed three years; from there to Chauncey and entered the store of the Hocking Valley Coal and Salt Company. He remained there until April, 1874. In January, 1875, he came to New Eng- land and since then has been engaged in the general mercantile business. He has been Postmaster ever since he came here. He and his wife and daughter Jessie are members of the Methodist Episco- pal church. He is a member of the Freemasons, Savannah Lodge, No. 466. He was also railroad agent at New England as long as there was any business done on the road at that place. William W. Howell, born in Athens County, Ohio, Sept. 20, 1834, was a son of Elmer Rowell, a native of Vermont, born in 1794 and died in 1875. His mother was born in New York in 1802 and died in 1872. William is the youngest of two sons, his brother being Ohio! us. He has a good farm of 150 acres in town- ship 6, range 17. Dec. 20, 1855, he married Corisanda Barrows, a native of Athens County, born May 25, 1837. They have eight children — Theodore, Alva M., Anderson, Aldie E., Joshua H., Everett, Orange S., and Iola. Theodore married Esther Jarvis, and Aldie E. married Alza E. Tibbells; the others are still at home. During the late war Mr. Rowell enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Forty -fourth Ohio National Guards and served about four months. He is a member of Hocking Grange, No. 904. Washington Russell was born in Meigs County, Ohio, Aug. 31, 1843, and came to Athens County in 1845. In 1859 he moved to Washington County and lived till 1879, when he returned to Athens County and located in Frost. He now has a first-class gen- eral store, keeping a good stock of boots and shoes, dry goods and notions. He enlisted in the late war in August, 1862, in Company A, Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, and served till June, 1865; par- ticipated in the battles of Chickamauga and Mission Ridge; was through the Atlanta campaign and with Sherman to the sea. He was married in September, 1869, to Mary, J. Mills, a native of Athens County, born in May, 1847. They have three children — William L., Jessie E. and Charles E. Mr. Russell is a member of Coolville Lodge, No. 337, A. F. & A. M. 598 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Harvey J. Sinith established his present place of business in Stewart in 1880. He has a good stock of watches, clocks, jewelry, and general merchandise. He was born May 3, 1849, in Plymouth, Washington Co., Ohio, where he was educated and lived till 1873, when he went to Colton, Ohio. He remained there till 1879, en- gaged in the mercantile business. He was married Oct. 1, 1873, to Leonora Jarvis, a native of Athens, born in 1852. They have two children — Leonard H., born in June, 1875, and Daisy V., born in November, 1879. Mr. Smith is now serving his second term as Township Treasurer. His father, Harvey Smith, was a native of New York, and came to Ohio about sixty years ago. He died in 1877. His mother, Eliza (Dixon) Smith, was born in Pennsyl- vania about 1809. She is now living in Athens. There was a fam- ily of nine children, six now living— Columbus C, L. D., Adaliza. Lucina, C. D. and Harvey J. John M. Spaulding was born in Vermont, Oct. 7, 1818, and came to Athens County, Ohio, in 1843. He was married Aug. 12, 1852, to Nancy M. Fulton, a native of Amesville, Ohio, born April 10, 1825. Six children have been born to them, only three now living— Addie M., born Nov. 21, 1857; Louie A., Dec. 30, 1859, and Eli A., Feb. 10, 1863. Both daughters are teaching school. The son is a farmer and inventor. March (>, 1883, he obtained a patent for his Duplex Hand Seed Planter, a machine for planting and depositing the fertilizer at the same time. When only ten years of age he made a wooden sewing-machine about five or six inches square. It was entirely of wood except the needle, which was a common sewing needle turned upside down, and sewed nicely, making a chain stitch. Mr. and Mrs. Spaulding and their daughters are members of the Presbyterian church. Mrs. Spauld- ing's brother, Robert A. Fulton, was born in Hartford, Conn., Feb. 13, 1808. He was Lieutenant-Colonel of the Fifty-third Ohio In- fantry. While on a march one dark stormy night, his horse fell down an embankment, and Mr. Fulton received a wound from his sword which finally caused his death, July 23, 1874. His regiment presented him with a fine sword which cost $500. Samuel Stalder was born in Athens County, Ohio, Aug. 30, 1842. He has always been a farmer, and for the past eighteen years has dealt extensively in live stock. He owns a good farm of eighty acres on sections 25 and 26, his residence being on section 25. He was married March 22, 1866, to Samantha Hammond, a native of Athens County, born in 1845. They have had two chil- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 599 dren, only one now living — Nettie A., born March 12, 1867. Her- bert was born Oct. 11, 1870, and died Nov. 16, 1875. Mr. Stalder is a member of Savannah Lodge, No. 466, A. F. & A. M. His parents, Nicholas and Barbara Stalder, were natives of Switzerland, and came to America when they were children. They were mar- ried about 1838, and had a family of twelve children, only six now living — Henry, Samuel, Philena, Helena, Ida and Augusta. D. B. Stewart, Jr., miller, was born in Stewart, Rome Town- ship, Athens Co., Ohio, Oct. 2, 1859. He lived here nine years, then moved with his parents to Athens, remaining there about twelve years, when he went to Colorado, in 1880, where he remained until July, 1882. He then returned to Athens and thence came to Stewart, where he is now engaged in running the flouring mill known as Byron's mill, and is doing a good business. His father, D. B. Stewart, now living in Athens, was the founder of the town of Stewart. His mother, Sarah (Carter) Stewart, died in Athens eight or nine years ago. Our subject is the only son now living. He has five sisters — Matilda, now Mrs. D. M. Birch- field; Ruth S., who married C. Byron, deceased; Julia, now Mrs. .1. M. Case, and Frank, now Mrs. S. B. Pickering. Our subject bids fair to be, as was his father, one of Stewart's best business men. Mrs. Mary (Kooser) Tedrow was burn in Somerset County, Penn., Sept. 3, 1800. Sept. 5, 1820, she married Jacob Tedrow, also a native of Somerset County, born June 7, 1792. They came to Ohio in 1836 and settled near where Mrs. Tedrow now resides. They had a family of eleven children, nine now living — Drusilla, born Sept. 30, 1822, now the widow of George Wyatt; Harriet, horn Feb. 2. L826, now the widow of J. McHorten; Noah, born Feb. 1, L828; Rebecca, bom Dec. 2, 1829, now Mrs. James Rob- ertson; Jane, born D,'c. 3, 1832, now Mrs. Samuel Copeland; Oli- ver, bom Sept. 16, 1836; Mary Ann, born Feb. 2, 1838; Efrie, born Feb. 1, 1841, now the widow of Henry Norris, and Charles, born July :;. is !|. Mrs. Tedrow has 166 acres of fine land on section 35, Rome Township. She and her daughter Mary are members of the Presbyterian church at New England. Mr. Tedrow died duly 1, 1873. Noah Tedrow, born in Somerset County, Penn'., Feb. i, 1828, is the second child of Jacob and Mary (Kooser) Tedrow. He came to Ohio with his parents in 1837, and, with the exception of six months spent in Muskingum County, has since that time resided in Athens County. He was married Oct. 7, 1855, to Nancy Yazer, a 600 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. native of Greene County, Penn., born Feb. 2, 1830. They have three children — Sarah, born Dec. 19, 1857, now Mrs. G. W. Par- ker; Mary, born March 16, 1862, and George, born Dec. 5, 1868. Mr. Tedrow has 700 acres of tine land in Rome Township, his resi- dence being on section 35. He makes a specialty of stock-raising. Mr. and Mrs. Tedrow and their daughters are members of the Presbyterian church. C. G. Tucker was born in Alliens County, Ohio, Dec. 1, 1847. He was married April 19, 1879, to Margaret A. Jackson, a native of Athens County, born in 1851. They have two children — Jessie M., bom Jan. 25, 1880, and Charles Guy, born Dec. 2, 1882. Mr. Tucker has been Constable of Rome Township twelve or fifteen years, and Township Assessor seven years. He has sixty-five acres of land where he resides, on fraction 24, and an interest in other land in this county, and also owns land in Iowa. He is now dealing in sewing-machines, and is special collector for Southern Ohio. Mrs. Tucker is a member of the Methodist church. Mr. Tucker's father. Nathan Tucker, was born in Maryland in 1814, and is now living on fraction 33, Rome Township. His mother, Barbara A. Tucker, was born in Somerset County, Penn., in 1805. She first married Joseph Tedrow. He died in 1833, leaving six children — Henry, Silas, Aaron, Joseph, Freeman and Susan- Aaron died in 1865. Freeman is a resident of Ohio; the others are living in Iowa. Mr. and Mrs. Nathan Tucker are members of the Methodist church. Nehemiah O. Warren was born Sept. 22, 1799, in Connecticut, and when twenty-one years of age went to Hudson, N. Y., where he was engaged in the live-stock business about five years. He then came to Athens County, Ohio, and located in Canaan Town- ship, remaining there ti!1187l, engaged in various kinds of busi- ness. He established his first dry-goods store in 1840, in Guys- ville, and afterward started a store in Stewart. In 1871 he came to Rome Township, and now lives on a fine farm of 450 acres. In 1879 he discontinued his commercial career, and is now settling up his business with a view to living a more retired life. Mr. Warren claims to have bought and sold more horses than any other man in the count}-, and has probably borrowed more money and paid more interest than any other man. He at one time owned over 1,600 acres of land. He was married April 1!», 1818, to Hannah Deway, a native of Connecticut, born June 27, 1800. They had a family of nine children, five now living — Jane, born HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 601 Feb. 2, 1819; Hannah, March 12, 1821; Levinda, April 16, 1831; Elizabeth, Sept. 14, 1833; Joseph W., July 30, 1838. Mrs. War- ren died Jan. 31, 1866. Mr. Warren has been four times married, lie was married the last time to Mary Frost, May 31, 1874. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Harvey Wright, carpenter and contractor, was born in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, May 10, 1836. At the age of twelve he went to Washington County, Ohio, and remained eight years. At the expiration of that time he came to New England and lived two years, then went to Sugar Creek, Athens County, where he lived four years. In 1862 he again moved to New Eng- land, where he has since remained, building railroad bridges and working at the carpenter's trade. lie married, Dec. 6, 1861, Susan Smith, who was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, Dec. 6, 1835. They are the parents of three children — Minnie M., born Nov. 6, 1864; Perley S., Jan. 4, 1868; William K., March 5, 1872. Mr. and Mrs. Wright are members of the Presbyterian church. Henry Wright, the father of Harvey, was born in New York in 1803, and died in 1867. His mother, Louisa (Otis) Wright, was born in New York in 1804, and is still living in Athens County, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Henry Wright had a family of fifteen children, seven living — John N., Simeon M., Henry II., Harvey, Sophia, Electa and James O. Thomas Smith, Mrs. Harvey Wright's father, was horn in Pennsylvania, in Octob3r, 1809, and died in 1879. Her mother. Sarah (Diaper) Smith, was horn in Pennsylvania in 1809, and is still living. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have had seven children, six living— Julia A.. Thomas D., Susan D., Celisa, Mary C. and Louisa 13. CHAPTER XXI. LEE TOWNSHIP-SOMETHING OP OLDEN TIMES, AND THE NEGRO'S MECCA. Organization — Some of the Old Settlers — Population — Elec- tions — Township Officers — Albany, the Negro's Mecca — PoSTOB'FICE AND PoSTM ASTERS — -MAYORS OF ALBANY AtWooD Institute, its History — Gifts and Donations — Enterprise Institutes — Its Rise and Progress- -Schools and Church es — The Wells Library — Lodges and Societies — The Under- ground Railway Run by a few Citizens of Albany — Bio- graphical. organization. Lee Township was organized November, 1819, and her territory was taken from Alexander Township. It is the southwest township of the county, and in size the smallest, having but twenty-four sec- tions of land, or two-thirds or" a congressional township, being six miles north and south and four miles east and west, or 15,360 acres. It is bounded on the north by Waterloo Township, on the east by Alexander Township, south by Meigs County, and west by Vinton County. The land is generally rolling, and in some parts quite hilly, but nearly all portions suited for farming purposes, well suited for cultivation. The hills in some places are rather steep, hut the soil is good and grasses grow luxuriantly. In fact there is very little waste land. The soil is not deep, neither is it very strong, hut it is fertile enough to raise fair average crops. There are not many living Btreams of water, but then there are nu- merous springs, and water is reached by wells at from ten to forty feet. This spring water is pure and splendid for stock, and the farmers are giving largely of their attention to stock-raising, and to the best breeds. In this respect the farmers of Lee Township can hoast, for her stock is the ecpial of any in the county. SOME OF Till': SETTLERS. Amotion the earliest settlers of the township were: Captain John Martin, of Revolutionary fame; Phillip Smith, Henry Cassel, Ziba McVey, Daniel Knowlton, George Canney, Jno. lloldred, Will- (602) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 603 iam Brown, William Graham. Jacob Lentner, James McGonnegal, Francis Thomas, Samuel Luckey, Hiram Howlett and John Doughty. These settlers were characteristic of the times, earnest, progressive, honest and well educated, and they brought with them a strong determination to see that in respect to educational facilities their children should not suffer by settling in the wilderness of the West. Schools were therefore among the first provided for, and their efforts in this direction met with success. Their action in this regard is worthy of all commendation, and the erection of churches, school-houses and support of libraries, attests their devo- tion to these important elements of moral progress, and the cult- ure and refinement everywhere exhibited at their homes. POPULATION, ETC. This township, like one or two others, has shown a slight decline the past ten years in its population. In fact, its largest population was in 1860. The loss during the decade between 1860 and 1870 might be laid at the door of the late civil war, but there is no such excuse during the last, and it can possibly be attributed to too large a colored population. The population by decades from 1820 is here given: That year it was 342; in 1830, it was 418; in 1840, it was 848; in 1850, it was 961; in 1860, it was 1,301; in 1870, it was 1,146; in 1880, 1,086. This showing gives the town- ship but 125 more in 1880 than it had in 1850, a period of thirty years. The organization being in November of 1819, the first election for township officers did not take place until tlie following April, 1820, and these officers and subsequent ones are recorded here. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 1820. — Trustees, Jacob Lentner, James McGonnegal and Ephraim Martin; Justice of the Peace, Isaac Baker. 1821. — Trustees, Francis Thomas, James McGonnegal and Elisha Chapman. 1822. —Trustees, Ephraim Martin, James McGonnegal and Daniel Rowell; Justice of the Peace, Abner C. Martin. 1823.— Trustees, Joseph Wallace, Francis Thomas and Win. Brown ; Justice of the Peace, Isaac Baker. 1824. — Trustees, Ephraim Martin, Francis Thomas and James McGonnegal; Justice of the Peace, Joseph Wallace. 604 HISTORY <>i' BOOKING VALLEY. L825. Trustees, same as above; Justices of the Peaoe, MoOowen Bean, Michael Oanney and James McGee. L 826 and 1627. Trustees, same ai above. L828. Trustees, Samuel Martin, Francis Thomas : 1 1 h I James MoGonnegal; Justioe of the Peace, Jacob Lentner. 1 s * i > . Trustees, James MoGee, George Reeves and MoOowen Bean I s;{n Trustees , Bame as above L881. Trustees, Win. Graham, Win. Thompson and MoOowen Beau ; Justices <>!' the Peace, McOowen Bean and Aimer 0. Martin. 1 882. Trustees, Joseph Martin, \^ni. Thompson and John 1 1 i\ ener; Justioe of the Peace, Jacob Lentner. 1888. Trustees, Wm. Graham, James McGonnegal and Joseph Marl hi 1884. Trustees, same as above; Justioe of the Peaoe, Aimer ( '. Martin. L885. Trustees, same as above; dust ice of Lhe Peace, Jaoob Lent mi 1886. Trustees, Joseph Post, Wm. Thompson and Nimrod Dailey. L887. Trustees, Wm. Graham, Miohael Oanney and Nimrod Dailey; Justice of the Peaoe, Aimer c Martin. L888. Trustees, same as above; Justice <>i the Peaoe, John I MtlvNOII. L889. Trustees, Bame as above; Justioe oi the Peace, Lucius Bocklej L840 Trustees, Bame as above; Justioe of the Peaoe, Abraham I'm low L841. Trustees, John T Winn, Joseph Posl and Jaoob Lent ner; J n itioe of the Peaoe, A. Warner. 1842. Trustees, lame a.s above; Justioe of the Peaoe, John T. Winn. L848. Trustees, Wm. Graham, Wm. Elendorson and Jaoob Lentner; Justioes of the Peace, George Means and EYanois ES. Clark. 1844. Trustee , ame as above; Justioe of the Peaoe, Edmund Morse. is is. Trustees, F. E2, (Mark, A (i. Henderson and James Greathouse; Justioes of the Peaoe, A << Sanderson and Peter Morse MlM'lMi; V ( >l>' lh>(iKIN(J \ A I I I \ HOB 1846 Trustees, same as above; Justice ol the roaoo, l^ranoii I Olark is i, Trustees, K I'! Olark, Travis Wilson and Jamos Groat ii< • 1 1 so; ilu itico of the I caoo, Goorge Holdron. 1848 Tin: ire-, l 1 ' I' Olark, John Brown and Goorgo Holdron. isr.t. Trustees, A.ndrew Moans, John Dewing and Gooi lloldren; Justices of tho Poaoo, D M Lion and I 1 ' I'. Olark i iO I'm itee , I'' I ( Hark, l> M. Koh and \. W Brown; I Hi tiOO of III'' I V:h'i\ JoSOpIl I '" l ls, r >l Trusted I 1 I ('l.iil., Loonard Brown and I*. M Ito is.. * Tin toe 1.11111:1 Holmes, r> Goodrich and John T. Winn; Justices of tho l^eaco, James Olomonts and I 1 ' E. Olark, 1858. Trustees, James Flo linos, A Enlow and John T. Winn; Justice oi tlio I 'eaoo, J 1 > epli I'osl 1864, Trustees, ■ as before; Justice of the Peace, Gi Johni on, 1868 Trustees, Jamei llolmos, Samuel Shu tor and John T. Winn; Ju tice of the roaoo, James Olomonts, John Brown and Jacob McVoj is:>»'.. Trustoos, James llolmos, Jacob MoVev and John T Winn; Justico of the Poaoe, Harvey L Graham. I ' , I'm I re .hllilr UollUC Jfl { ' Ii ' l lirl 1 1 : : : I I f I .1 i Mill T Winn. IHf)H. 1 rustoos, Jamc Holmes, James Olements find Benjamin Itickoy; Justice of the Poacc, Jtuno Olomonts and Jaoob M.d\ i •'' TrnstcoB, James Holmes, James Olomonts and A. W, I Irown ; -l in tico of the Peace, I Lar\ uy L < traham. I s *'" Trustoos, Jamos Holme . \\ W Kurtz and A \V Brown; J ii i loo "i tho I Woo, I 'oter Mor o 1861 Trustoos, Jamos Holmes, A Wilson and A W. Brown; I ice of i lie I 'oaoo, E, \l < looper. Trustees, Jamos Holmes, A.. Jennings and A W. Hrown; .1 ii i ice of i li«' I 'oaco, .1 Linos M < i"f leno I 868, ' I * i" 1 1 • tOOB, . .line ;i , r 1 1 > < >v<\ I (M Trustee Jamos llolmos, A Wilson and A W Brown; .1 usl loo of tho I 'once, I '. [\ < loopor Tru too . Jamos I Folme i, Wm < ' Lindlov and Itoborl Dickson; Justioo of tho E'eaoo, James M. Uorslono. L866, Trustees, Lemuel Oline, Jaoob MoVej and lioberl Dick "ii 606 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1867. — Trustees, same as above; Justices of the Peace, John Q. Mitchell and Isaac Friedlein. 1868. — Trustees, Albert Vorhes, Jacob McVey and Robert Dick- son; Justice of the Peace, Abraham Enlow. 1869.— Trustees, Jacob McVey, W. W. Blake and A. C. Daily; Clerk, A. Palmer; Treasurer, John Dewing. 1870.— Trustees, W. W. Blake, John Molher and L. Cline; Clerk, A. Palmer; Treasurer, John Dewing. 1871.— Trustees, L. Cline, John H. Molher and Alpheus Wil- son; Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, S. R. Hibbard. 1872. — Trustees, J. H. Molher, W. C. Lindley and Thomas Daily; Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, A. Palmer. 1873. — Trustees, W. C. Lindley, J. H. Molher and Thomas Daily; Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, A. Palmer. 187-1. — Trustees, W. C. Lindley, J. IT. Molher and Abraham Crossen; Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, A. Palmer. 1875. — Trustees, Abraham Crossen, Elias Graham and Hugh Fletcher; Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, A. Palmer. 1876. — Trustees, A. Crossen, John Snyder and A. II. Holme.-: Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, A. Palmer. 1877. — Trustees, Jacob McVey, Elias Graham and Amos Knowl- ton; Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, A. Palmer. 1878. — Trustees, Elias Graham, Jacob M^cVey and Amos Knowl- ton; Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, A. Palmer. 1879. — Trustees, Jacob McVey, Elias Graham and James Sickles; Clerk, John P. Coe; Treasurer, A. Palmer. 1880. — Trustees, Elias Graham, James Sickles and J. N. Patter- son; Clerk, W. Cline; Treasurer, A. C. Daily; Justices of the Peace, D. J, Canny and S. P. Armstrong;. 1881. — Trustees, Elias Graham, J. 1ST. Patterson and S. V. Knowlton; Clerk, AV. W. Cline; Treasurer, A. C. Daily. 1882. — Trustees, Elias Graham, W. C. Lindley and James Sickles; Clerk, W. W. Cline; Treasurer, A. C. Daily. 1883.— Trustees, Jacob McVey. Win. C. Lindley and M. J. Dixon; Clerk, John Ritchie; Treasurer, S. T. Cline; Justice, D. J. Canny. ALBANY. The village of Albany is situated in the eastern part of the town- ship, on the lineof the Ohio Central Railroad. It was laid out into lots by fra. Graham in 1832 or 1833, the first house in the village being built by Lucius R. Beckley on the ground now owned by HISTORY OF HoCKING VALLEY. 607 (line & Daily and known as the old Brown store. In 1S40 John Brown purchased this property and commenced selling goods. Albany has now a population of about 700 inhabitants, with the usual complement of business men and mechanics. The leading - . stablishments at present are J. H. Vorhes & Bro., Cline & Daily and W. A. Smith, dealers in general merchandise; J. C. P. Moore, dealer in hardware, ami T. D. Moore, dealer in tinware and harness. Albany is a neat village, surrounded by a beautiful farming country. It having been, until recently, an inland town, isiness has been necessarily limited. The buildings are almost all of wood and generally of the style of farm buildings. It has two institutions of learning besides the public schools, rive church ties, a public library, one Masonic lodge, two hotels kept by G. W. Hill and R. M. Figley, and two physicians, .1. II. Winn and B.C. Vorhes. Albany was incorporated in 1844. At the first election tor town officers John Y. Brown was chosen Mayor and J. M. (xorslene, Clerk. For a number of years afterward there was no election, but since lv>.~. the elections have been regular. The Mayor.- 'have been as follow.-: John V. Brown. 1844 to L855; Albert Vorhes, 1855 to 1857; A. Palmer. 1857 to 1858; Almus Lindley, 3 to 1859; W. B. Dicksen, 1859 to I860; S. M. Preshaw, 1860 to 1861; John Brown. 1861 to 1862; James M. Gorslene, 1S62 to -:_'; J. C. Woodyard, 1872 to 1874; G-eorge Bean. 1874 to 1S76; J. M. Wood, 1876 to L877; J. 0. P. M .ore. IS77 to 1882; A. C. Daily, 1882 to present time. The Postoffia at Albany (Lee P. 0.) was first established in L829, on the old Athens and Chillicothe mail road, about two and one-half miles northwest of the present village of Albany. It re- mained here until 1S36, when it was removed to the village by Jame6 Wilson. The Postmasters, with their times of service, have been as follows: Jacob Lentner, 1829 to 1836; James Wilson. 1836 to 1837; Lucius R. Beekley. 1837 to 1840; J. McCully, L840 L841; Jonathan Winn, 1841 to L846; John V. Brown, 1846 to 1847; John Earhart, 1847 to 1849; Peter Morse, 1849 to 1853; James M. Gorslene, 1853 to 1861; Peter Morse. 1861 to 1865; W. W. Kurt:/. 1865 to 1866; Augustus Palmer. 1866 to present time. It was made a money-order office Aug. 1. 1870, the first order be- ing issued to P. C.Hewitt, payable to Jacob Wycoff, Mt. Ayr. [owa,for the amount of $20. The office has issued 4.77^ orders up to the present time. The sale of stamps for the year 1882 was about $720. 608 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ATWOOD INSTITUTE. This Institute, located at Albany, was originally called the Al- bany Manual Labor University. A brief sketch of its origin is as follows: In 1847 Mr. William S. Lewis removed with his family from Oberlin, Ohio, and settled at Albany. Soon after their ar- rival his daughter, Miss Lamira Lewis, opened a school for chil- dren in a part of their residence, the house now occupied by Mrs. Mitchell. In 1848 Mr. Lewis bought a lot and built upon it a house especially for school purposes. The school here soon be- came very prosperous, and in order to make room for the students a second story was added to the building. Students were admitted to this school regardless of color, caste or sex. Mr. Lewis having assumed control of this school continued it in his own building until 1851, when others gave their influence and a joint-stock com- pany was formed, made up of shares of $25 each. The first meeting of the executive board of this company was held Sept. 25, 1851, when the following officers were elected: John T. Winn, Chairman; John S. Lewis, Secretary, and George Hanger. Treas- urer. It was this organization that gave to the school the name of the Albany Manual Labor University. The first plan adopted by the management was to require those borrowing money from the institution to give so many hours a week of manual employment to students of the University, the amount being regulated by the amount of money borrowed and the rate of interest paid. In 1852 Dr. J. A. Bingham, now a resident of Medina County, Ohio, a soldier of the war of 1812, and a man of great energ} 7 , was in- duced to act as traveling agent to secure funds for the University. A little later JRev. J. Cable was elected to solicit funds, and the success of both soon enabled the association to buy 300 acres of land which was converted to the use of the institution. The present building, now known as the Atwood Institute, was erected in 1857. It is a frame building, 40x100 feet in dimensions, and three stories high. From 1857 until 18(52 the school was con- ducted by two men named McLanthin and Cable. Under them the school averaged about eighty students. In 1862 Prof. T. D. Garvin and James Dodd took charge of the school. They being members of the Christian church a sectarian element was intro- duced into the school, and the manual-labor feature was discontin- ued. Under this management the school had, at times, over 100 students. In 1866 the school fell into the hands of the Free- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 60 D Will Baptist church, by whom it is controlled at present. This change was, in effect, a revolution in the school's history. From this time colored students were denied admission, the school was placed on a firm footing by a donation from Mr. Kehemiah At- wood of $3,500, and its name was changed to the Atwood Insti- tute. Others of the Free-Will Baptist denomination contributed liberally, and the school was transferred to the Athens Quarterly Meeting, under whose control it still remains. Lyman C. Chase, A. M., a graduate of Hillsdale College, Mich., was the first Prin- cipal under its present management. For three years, from 1866 to 1869, Mr. Chase, assisted by Eev. J. M. Rayser and Rev. M. W. Spencer, A. B., conducted a very prosperous school, the at- tendance ranging from seventy to over one hundred students. After Mr. Chase's resignation, in 1869, the school changed hands sev- eral times within the next ten years. For a number of years J. M. and J. P. Wood, now attorneys at Athens, Ohio, conducted the school in a successful manner. In 1S80 the Board of Trustees called again L. C. Chase to the Principalship, and Mrs. Hattie Chase, Preceptress of the school, they having an attendance of fifty-three students the last term. Mr. Chase's health failing he retires from the school at the end of the present year, and through his aid the board has secured Mr. C. H. French, of Boston, Mass.) as Principal, with Misses Maria Ward and Nellie B. Porter, assist- ants. Prominent among the donors, besides Mr. Atwood, in the early history of the Institute are: General John Brown, who gave $1,000; John T. Winn, who gave $500; Webber Wilson and H. L. Graham. The Enterprise Institute was first established in 1864. When the Atwood Institute came under the control of the denominational churches, colored students were denied admission and some of the more influential colored citizens conceived the idea of founding a school especially for colored pupils. Donations were solicited from wealthy men in this and other States, and among the liberal aids re- ceived were a gift of $3,000 worth of real estate from Thomas Carle- ton, of Syracuse, 111., and an appropriation from the Freedmen's Bureau of $2,000. Many other liberal donations, were received but these are the most important. Young colored* people of both sexes were admitted, and for a time the school was very prosper- ous, receiving patronage from different parts of this State, and from adjoining ones. Mr. T. J. Ferguson, an able and well-educated colored gentleman, has been the principle teacher up to the pres- 39 610 III-TOKY OF BOOKING VAIJ.KV. cut time. The school building is a two-story brick, the lower floor only being used for the school at present, the upper being used by the colored Baptist cKureh for a place of worship. It is pleasantly situated on the outskirts of the village of Albany. Th< Village School for white children is ;i well-conducted school, occupying two rooms and having two teachers.' The building is a good one, twostories high, situated on a high piece of ground in the center of the village. There is also in Albany a common School for colored children. CHURCHES. The Free- Will Baptist Church, of Albany, is the oldest church society in the village. It was founded about 1854 by Ira X. Bailing. Mr. Eaning was followed in the pastorate by O. E. Maker, who conducted, in 1857, the most successful revival meeting in the history of the church, securing the addition of sixty persons to its membership. Mr. Baker was followed successively by Revs. S. E. Root, J. M. Kayser, M. W. Spencer, J. W. Martin, David Powell, A. Streamer and D. Powell again, the present Pastor. The society ownsa good church building which was erected in 1857. Tht Methodist Episcopal Church society, of Albany, was founded in the winter of L876 by Rev. Elias Nichols. The society is a pics perous one, numbering at present about fifty-five members. Mr. Nichols was followed by Revs. James Ricketts, Mr. Murphy, B. F. Jackson, Edward Howe and Mr. Kendall. Mr. Jacob Spring is tin 1 present ( 'lass-Leader. The society has, up to the present tint.', rented the first tloor of the Masonic 1 1 n 1 1 for a place oi' holding meetings. The Cumberland Presbyterian Church was founded at Albany, Aug. 25, L880. A. Lindley, A. L. Patterson, A. Vorhes, S. P. Armstrong and Hugh Fletcher were elected Trustees. Rev. II. J. P, Lemon was made the Pastor and remains such to the present time. The society finished a new church building in September, 1 ssl, at a cosl oi SI, 850. The Colored Churohes at Albany are a Baptist and Methodist Episcopal, and are well attended by the colored brethren. Tilt WelU UJbrary is an institution of which the citizens of Al- bany are justly proud. 1 1 was founded by Mr. Henry Wells, who, dying in L860, bequeathed $250 i'^r the immediate purchase i^\' book- for a pubhc library, and $1,000 to be a perpetual fund, the interesl to he used for the purchase o( new books and keeping in insroKY ov HOOKING \ \i,u\ . 611 repair the old ones. The money waa securely invested In L861, by Mr. 1'-. II. Moore, of Alliens, whom Mr. Wells made his trus- tee for this purpose. The proceeds averaging until recently about $70 a year, have been carefully expended for books until the li- brary lias been swelled to 1,1- 1 volumes of well selected misoello lie. uis works, besides m useful collection <>l public documents and books of reference. The expense of i lie library is kepi up by a light tax laid upon the property of the incorporate village. For some time the library was kepi in a room gratuitously furnished by the Freemasons of Albany, but in March, L868, Mrs. Mary Weethee, mother of the founder of the library, bequeathed a frame building to be used aa :i library room, provided the (own should keep it in repair and pay the taxes. By the rules of the library, any family, living within the corporation may, for si a year, draw oul two volumes al a tune for nol more than four weeks, and the li brary is open two hours every Thursday for members. The library is a settled and highly valued institution, and is a splendid exam pie of a wise, and useful disposition <^ properl 5 Albany Lodge, No. 156, I. /'.«(• I. .1/., was founded under the old dispensation, Feb. L5, is is, at Elebbardsville, Ohio, where it remained until is. r >:>, under the name of the] Lebbardsville Lodge. The charier was obtained Sept. 27, isis. The first officers were: Ziba Lindlev.Jr., \Y. M.; Wra. Russell, S. W.;J. B.Gray, J. W.; Josiah Wilson, Treas.; Earvey Pratt, Sec. ; John Arnold, s. D.; A. Lindley, J. I>., and John W. Drake, T. The following is a list oi the Pasl Masters: Ziba Lindley, Jr., is is 'p.»; J. B. Gray, L850; JohnArnold, 1851; J. B. Gray, L852; John Arnold, L853; A. B. Dickey, 1854; (1855-'66, no record); J. B. Gray, L857; 0. I, Wilson, L858 to 1861; Joseph Jewett, 1862; A. D. Jaynes, 1863; 0. L Wilson, 1864; J. Q. Mitchell, 1865; dames McOlure, 1866 '7; J. Q.Mitchell, 1868; Jamea McOlure, L869; J. L. Carpenter, 1870 i" 1872; J. <.> Mitchell, L873; [saao Stanley, 1874 75; J. I-. Carpenter, L876; R. S. Dent, 1877 to L881; A. I, Rutherford, 1882. I he lodge is in a prosperous condition and owns a good hall building. Before leaving the village of Albany Bomething should he said of it as a station in the old " underground railway " system. In the days of greal exoitemenl over the Blave question, while the fugitive Blave law was being enforced, and slaves were being tran ported secretly to Canada, no community of persons in tin- por 612 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tion of the State took a more active part in protecting the transfer than did the city of Albany in this humane but unlawful work. THE ALBANY ECHO. The Albany Echo is published at Albany (Lee postoffice), Ath- ens County, by D. A. R. McKinstry, editor and proprietor. It is a six-column vveekly, published every Thursday. In politics it is independent. It was first published " semi-occasionally" on the co- operative plan, by D. A. R. McKinstry, of the Lee Insurance Company, as an advertising sheet. The Echo was established as a weekly journal in January, 1877, by a joint stock company of which the late Dr. Alex. Richardson was President, J. H. Vorhes, Secretary, and A. C. Dailey, Treasurer. At the end of the first year, Mr. McKinstry and J. S. Black bought up these shares and became proprietors as well as editors. In October this partnership was dissolved by mutual consent, J. S. Black retiring. The paper has been well received from the first, maintaining a good circu- lation, and having a fair advertising patronage. * BIOGRAPHICAL. John S. Black was born at Greenock, Scotland, June 5, 1826, and when quite young came to America alone. He landed in Kew York and remained there two years; then went to Canada West and lived four years; then spent a year in Pontiac, Mich., and from there went to Sheboygan, Wis. lie learned the carriage-maker's trade, and worked at it a year in Wisconsin. In 1855 he came to Athens County, and located in Albany, where he has since been engaged in manufacturing carriages. In 1877, in company with D. A. R. McKinsley and J. P. Wood, he started the Echo. In 1878 Mr. Wood sold his interest, and two years later Mr. Black sold out. Mr. McKinstry is now managing the paper. He has been a member of the Board of Education for the past nine years. He has been Clerk of the corporation four } T ears, and is at present a member of the Town Council. July 14, 1S5S, he married Rhoda E. Bissell, a native of Meigs County, born Mav 25, 182S. They have two children — Agnes S., born Dec. 17, 1S59, and Elizabeth A., born Dec. 26, 1S64. A. W. Brown, born in Ames Township, Aug. 21, 1814, was a 6on of William and Polly L. Brown, natives of Massachusetts, his father born Feb. 22, 1779, and his mother Sept. 14, 1782. 11 is HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 613 father died Feb. 18, 1859, and his mother Feb. 7, 1849. They had a family of nine children, five now living— Elizabeth, now Mrs. B. S. Williams; Lvdia A., a resident of Woodbury, N. J.; A. W.; Leonard, now living in Woodbury, N. J., and Daniel T., of Fort Madison, Iowa. Mr. Brown was married April 19, 1838, to Almira Yan Vorhes, a native of Washington County, Penn., born May 3, 1818. They had four children, only one now living — Edwin A., born Oct. 5, 1839. He was married in 1871 to Phrebe Brownlee, a native of Athens County, born Dec. 25, 1843. They have three children — Harry L., born in May, 1^73; Nellie, In June, 1876, and Minnie M., in October, 1879. Edwin A. enlisted June 24, 1861, and served nearly four years; was in the battles of Lewisburg (where he was wounded), second Bull Run and Antietam. He was trans- ferred to the Army of the Cumberland, and was in the battles of Mission Ridge, and Chickamauga. Edwin A. is living on the home farm with his father. They have fifty acres of land on sec- tion 8, Lee Township, within the corporation of Albany. Mr. Brown's son, William V., was born Feb. 12, 1842. He learned the printer's trade and was foreman in the Athens Messenger office. He enlisted in Company D, Fourth Virginia Infantry, and died of small-pox at Vicksburg, Miss., March 9, 1863. Another son, D. N., born March 23, 1844, enlisted in 1863, and served one year in Vir- ginia. After his return home he studied medicine, and graduated from the Cincinnati Medical College in 1869. He married, Oct. 11, 18T0, Laura Graham. He died Feb. 10, 1873, leaving one child — Myra, born Feb. 7, 1872. A daughter, Emma J., born May 20, L847, married Dr. W. A. Adair, Oct. 22, 1871, and died March 16, 1-7:;. Mr. and Mrs. Brown and their daughter-in-law are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. Mrs. Brown's father, Abraham Yan Vorhes, was born in Washington County, Penn., in December, 1793, and came to Ohio in 1831. He was the first editor of the* Hocking Volley Gazette, now the Athens Messenger. He was appointed by President Taylor Register of the first land office in Minnesota, and the last years of his life were spent in that State. In 1810 he was elected to the Lower House of the Ohio Legislat- ure, and afterward was sent to the Senate four terms. He was County Surveyor of Athens County six years and County Treas- urer one year. He was appointed Territorial Auditor by Governor Ramsey, and in I860 was a Commissioner to locate the capitol and university lands appropriated by Congress. He was Postmaster at Stillwater several years. Major Van Vorhes's wife was Mary W. 614 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Vorhes, a native of Washington County, Md. They had a family of eight children, five of whom are living — Almira, Jane, Eliza- beth, Maria and Henry C. The son is now living in Stillwater, Minn. Lyman C. Chase, A. M., Principal of At wood Institute, was born Oct. 2, 1839, at Rutland, Meigs Co., Ohio. He was a son of Charles Chase, the latter being a son of Abel Chase, who emigrated from Bangor, Me., in 1807; his mother, before marriage was Miss Mary Holt, daughter of Rev. Aaron Holt, a Baptist minister, who emigrated from New Haven, Conn., in 1802, each being among the first settlers in that part of Ohio. Lyman resided at Rutland and attended the district school at Side Hill till the spring of his fifteenth year. Early in the spring of this year he went to Pres- tonsburg, Ky., to visit his brother, Dr. O. G. Chase, who at the time was a practicing physician in that town, and while there he engaged to teach his first school. Mr. Chase at this time rather hesitatingly assumed the'control of the village school as he was only fifteen years old and some of the pupils, of whom there were about sixty, were several years older than himself. He, however, in early summer assumed the responsibilities of the school, entering upon his work with a determination to succeed. He finished his term and returned to Ohio in the fall. He attended the district school at home through the winter of 1856-'7, and the following summer taught in the same district. After this he attended school for a year and a half at Albany University, now known as Atwood Insti- tute, and after several years of teaching and going to school, in February, 1860, being then twenty years old, he entered Hillsdale College. Dependent upon his own efforts in securing an education, he graduated with honors in 1866. In the month of June of that year he returned to his home in Rutland, and soon after, through the solicitations of Rev. I. Z. Haning, of Albany, he consented to take charge of Atwood Institute. This was a change in the plans of Mr. Chase somewhat, as he had contemplated the taking of a The- ological course. However, Jan. 3, 1869, he was set apart to the work of the Christian ministry, according to the usages of the Free- Will Baptist denomination, and in June following he tendered his resignation as Principal of Atwood Institute. For some years sub- sequent to this he was engaged in the ministry. He held pastor- ates at Conneaut, Ohio, Cromwell, Iowa, and preached several years in Illinois. In the fall of '81 he resumed tlie Principalship of Atwood Institute, and on the 9th of March, 1882, he was mar- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 615 ried to Miss Hattie Lawson who, for two years, had formerly been a student of Mr. Chase's in the Institute. This marriage took place in the church in which Mr. Chase was ordained to the gospel ministry about fourteen years before. At this writing Mr. Chase is still an occupant of Atwood Institute, is pastor of a church, but will shortly retire, for a time, from the duties of the institution, as health demands a change. S. T. Cline, born in Athens County, Ohio, Aug. 10, 184:1, is a son of John and Elizabeth (Townsend) Cline, natives of Virginia, his father born March, 1818, and his mother Aug. 9, 1821. His parents had a family of seven children — S. T., Ruth and Rachel (twins), George, James, Arclisse and John E. When he was quite small his parents moved to Meigs County, and he lived there till 1879. He then came to Albany and bought a stock of drugs, boots and shoes, and has since added dry goods and groceries. lie mar- ried, April 14, 1S62, Lydia M. Gillogly, a native of Meigs County, born April 5, 1844. They have two children — Anna E., born Jan. 6, 1865, and John II., born May 31, 1S72. Mr. and Mrs. Cline are members of the Methodist church. Mr. Cline is a member of Lodge No. 156, A. F. & A. M. Mrs. Samantha Cline, born in Lee Township, May 11, 1830, is a daughter of Nimrod and Mary (Cottrill) Dailey. Her father was born in Virginia in 1800, and her mother in 1803. They have five children — Emily, Nancy, Samantha, Thomas and Andrew. Mrs. Cline was married Feb. 15, 1849, to Lemuel Cline, a native of Virginia, born July 10, 1827. They had a family of six chil- dren— Mary R., born Dec. 5, 1849; Sarah J., born Dec. 27, 1852; Nancy E., born Oct. 13, 1854; William W., born Aug. 24, 1856: Nimrod D., born March 11, 1859; Flora, born Jan. 10, 1S63, and Howard, born April 12, 1869. Mr. Cline died in 1872. Mrs. Cline has a fine farm of 104 acres on section 19, Lee Township. She is a member of the Methodist church. John Dewing was born in Norfolk, Mass., Jan. IS, 1S13. His lather, Elijah Dewing, was bom in Dover, Mass., July 11. L761, and served at West Pointduring the Revolutionary war. He was at West Point about the time Benedict Arnold was trying to sur- render the fort to the British. He died in L843, at Medway, Mass., aged eighty-three years. His wife, Betsey (Reed) Dewing, was born in Needham, Mass.. in 170',), and died the same day as her husband, and they were buried in the same grave. Mr. Dewing came to Athens County in 1841, and Located at Hebbardsville. In the lat- 616 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ter part of 1844: he came to Albany, where he has since resided. He learned the trade of a cutler in Worcester, Mass., in 1830, in the first cutler's shop in America, and afterward learned to make spectacles, and was engaged in that business several years after coming here. Of late years he has been buying and collecting notes and doing a general brokerage business. He has sixty acres of land on section 11, Lee Township, and considerable town prop- erty. In 1819 he went to California via the isthmus, and remained eighteen months. He has been Township Assessor six years. He is a member of Albany Lodge, No. 156, A. F. & A. M. Jan. 13, 1836, he married Mindwell R. Cleveland, a native of Harwinton, Conn., born Sept. 17, 1817. They have one daughter — Mary M., now Mrs. James H. Holmes. She has one child — Angie G.,born Aug. 4, 1881. Mr. Dewing has the record of his father's ancestors from 1614 to the present time. Andrew Dewing, one of the first settlers of Needham, was a member of the ancient artillery of Bos- ton in 1644. S. J^auts, contractor and bridge builder, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Aug. 15, 1824, and lived there till twenty-two years of age. From 1816 to 1852 he was engaged in manufacturing windmills in Ohio and Illinois. From 1853 to 1861 he was en- gaged in general contracting and building. May 15, 1862, he en- listed in Company H, Eighty-seventh Ohio Infantry, and served five months. He was taken prisoner at Harper's Ferry, Va., in September, 1862. In 1803 he came to Albany, and took charge of the wood work in the colored school building, and has since that time been engaged in contracting and bridge building. He has a pleasant home in Albany, where his family are surrounded with the comforts of life. He was married July 4,1847, to Catharine NefF, a native of Pickaway County, Ohio, born May 2, 1830. They have three children — Cydnor T., Charles W. and Mary A. Mr. and Mrs. Fauts are members of the Methodist church. He belongs to Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R., Athens. Hv'j/i Fletcher was born in County Donegal, Ireland, May 13, 1809, and came to America in 1824. He landed in New Jersey and went direct to G-reeue County, Penh. In 183G he came to Athens County, Ohio, and locate 1 in Alexander Township. In 1838 he went back to Europe but returned again to America in 1840 and settled in Lee Township. In 1^43 he went to Wisconsin, and in the fall of L846 went again to Europe. In 1851 he came again to Lee Township. He bought a farm in "Waterloo Town- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 617 ship and lived there till 1S57, when he came to Albany, where he has Bince resided. He was married Jan. 17, 1855, to Margaret Entsler, a native of Vinton County, Ohio. They have two chil- dren — Charles E., born April 1, 1856, and Mary E., born March 14, 1866. Mr. and Mrs. Fletcher are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. EUas Graham^ born in Albany, .May 8, 1825, wi □ oi William and Nancy (Cassel) Graham. J I is father was bom July 2. 1783, and died May 31, 1854. His mother was born Feb. L4, 1788, and diedMarch26, 1851. They had a family of twelve children — Henry (the second male child born in Lee Township), Elizabeth, Sophia, ivy. VTilliam, James. .Samuel, Hannah, Elias, Martha, Wilson and Nancy. Kjias was married April 24, to Dian- tha Martin, a native of this town-hip. Four children were born to them, only three now living — Rebecca J. , Martha and William T. Mr. Graham has 190 a land is engaged in farm- ing and stock-rai-irjir, making a specialty of the latter. ELe member of Lee Grange. Hifi father bnilt the first hotel in At in 1- E 0. Humphrey, carpenter, was born in Washington County, and in 1846 came to Lee Township, At aty. He was married in September, native of ' vlvania, born y have had four children, only two now living — William E. and Joseph E. Their d, John A., enlisted in the late war, and at the bat* e iter, Jui; as shot throe , the Union forces left the field to the re fell into their hands and 3ed to have died as he ha- I heard from- Humphrey enli Feb. 1, 1862 ' -ity- fourth Ohio Infantry. . 5, 1862,on account of di ". . ed a company to take a wa train to Cumberland Gap. On their arrival at Camp Nelson, I a pack-mule train, and :. _' the John Morgan raid in Ohio he I in after Mo: g ireh. . Jan. 1 ind in ] - I led. Hi and on - ip. He married Jul 618 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. County, Ohio, born in 1814. They have six children — James H., Jesse (now in "Washington Territory), George W., Eliza J., Sarah and Libbie. Mr. and Mrs. Jones and three of their children are members of the Christian church. Mrs. Alice Kerr was born in Pennsylvania June 13, 1S07. She was married Jan. 19, 1836, to David Kerr, a native of Pennsylva- nia, born Dec. 17, 1804. They moved to Virginia in 1837, and in 1812 came to Ohio and settled on section 2, Lee Township, where Mr. Kerr died Dec. 9, 1880, and where Mrs. Kerr now resides. Mrs. Kerr has six children — Salome, born Nov. 5, 1836; H. Hus- ton, Jan. 16, 1838; Mary L., Oct. 31, 1839; Margaret, March 16, 1841; Rebecca, Dec. 8, 1842, and Phoebe A., Dec. 16/1844. Mr. and Mrs. Kerr were both members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. The children are all members of the Free-Will Baptist church. Mrs. Kerr's daughter, Mary L., commenced to teach school when sixteen years of age and taught sixteen years, in Ohio, Illinois and Nebraska. For the past three years she has been man- aging the home farm. Rev. R. J. Lemmoii, pastor of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, was born in Dubois County, Ind., Feb. 12, 1832. Nov. 6,. 1856, he married Miss Jane Turner, a native of Bloomfield, Ind., born Feb. 8, 1833. They have five children — Jessie, now first as- sistant in the graded schools of Taylorville, 111.; D. Donnell, It. Bell, Annie D., and Fannie Grace. After his marriage Mr. Lem- raon took charge of the church in Bloomfield. In I860 he went to Dale, Ind., and in connection with his pastoral work was em- ployed to raise money to build an academy. At the breaking out of the late war the project was abandoned, and in 1863 he was called to the pastorate of the church in Taylorville, 111. ilis health failing he resigned in 1866 and was appointed agent to ob- tain funds to endow Lincoln University, Lincoln, 111. In 1869 he assumed the charge of the church at Albion, 111. He afterward went to Newbury, Ind. , and remained two years, when his health again being delicate, he was sent by the Board of Missions of the church to California, and remained there two years and a half. He was then called to the general financial management of the Waynes- burg College, Waynesburg, Pa. In 1880 he came to xUhens County, and in August of that year organized the church at Albany, and was instrumental in building the church in addition to his other pastoral labors. Mr. Lenimon has been a very prominent man in his church and has been an earnest worker in its behalf. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 619 Hugh Laughlin was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, May 5, 1825. He was married in September, 1864, to Margaret Beveridge, a native of Athens County, born in 1821. They have had six chil- dren, only three now living — Mary, now Mrs. John Bowman; Nancy and Albert. Mr. Laughlin has fourteen acres of good land on section 12, Lee Township, and is engaged in farming and stock- raising, making a specialty of raising cattle. He was at one time a member of the Methodist church, but for the past eighteen years lias not been connected with any denomination. John Masten was born in Ritchie County, W. Va., Oct. 4, 1845. He came to Lee Township in 1864 and has since resided here engaged in farming. He now has sixty acres of good land on sec- tion 12. In October, 1873, he obtained a patent for his Climax churn, which has taken the premium at several county fairs, and also at the Ohio State Fair in 1878. Mr. Masten's address is Lee, Athens Co., Ohio, and he will be pleased to correspond with any one wishing a good churn. He was married April 21, 1866, to Catherine Llewellen, a native of Lee Township. They have eight children — Charles, Nora, Ora, Perley, Lucy, John, Rawliegh and Leander. Andreiu McClettcmd was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, Aug. 23, 1813, and when eight years of age went to Pennsylvania. "When sixteen years of age he commenced to learn the shoemaker's trade and served an apprenticeship of four years. He was married Nov. 9, 1834, to Nancy Pratt, a native of Pennsylvania. They have had nine children, only seven now living — Mary, Sarah, Har- riet, Eliza, Catherine, Rebecca M. and Salina. In 1847 Mr. McClellan came to Ohio and lived seven years in Hebbardsville, and in 1854 came to Albany. He enlisted Dec. 18, 1861, in the Seventy-ninth Ohio Infantry, afterward consolidated with the Sev- enty-fifth Ohio, and served three years; was in the battles at McDowell, second Bull Run, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. He is a member of Albany Lodge, No. 156, A. F. & A. M. A. D. Minear was born in Lee Township, Dec. 10, 1838. He enlisted in the late war in Company A, Ninety-second Ohio In- fantry, and served three years. He participated in the battles at Chickamaugaand Mission Ridge; was shot through the hips at the latter place and lay in the hospital three months, then received a furlough of a month, and returned to his regiment at Ringgold, On. From there went to Atlanta, Savannah, the Carolinas, Rich- mond and Washington, where he was mustered out; thence toColum- 620 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. bus, Ohio, for discharge. He returned to Lee Township and has since been engaged in farming and stock-raising. He has tine farm of 345 acres, his residence being on section 16. He was married Dec. 10, 1865, to Sarah J. Cooper, a native of Ohio, born in 1817. She died Sept. 21, 1879, leaving two children — Aldo Z., born Jan. 3, 1S68, and Holland M., born March 2, 1874. Mr. Minear is a member of the Methodist church. He is promi- nently associated with the Patrons of Husbandry. E. C. Moler was born in Perry County, Ohio, June 7, 1817, and when six years old went to Vinton County. He came to Athens County in the spring of 1868 and settled in Lee Township, where he now has a fine farm of sixty acres on fraction 36, and seven acres in the limits of Albany. He is engaged in buying and selling stock in connection with farming. He was married in September, 1868, to Celestia A. Means, a native of Athens County, born Feb. 4, 1849. They have five children — Herbert, Cora, James, Jennie and Minnie. J. W. Morris, carpenter, was born in Kent County, Md., Dec. 27, 1841. Oct. 11, 1S69, he left Maryland and went to Cincinnati, and from there to Meigs County, but in 1870 came to Athens County and located in Albany. He was married in 1874 to E. M. Martin, a native of Meigs County, born in February, 1S52. They have one child — C. R., born July 26, 1880. Mr. Morris's father, William Morris, was born in Maryland in 1811, and was killed by lightning in 1864. His mother, S. A. (Kankey) Morris, was born in 1808, and died in 1869. There was a family of seven children — C. K, J. II., W. T., E. S., G. W., J. W. and Anna Jane. Joseph Oliver, farmer, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, May 19, 1828. In 1859 he came to Athens County and lived in Alex- ander Township eighteen months, and then came to Lee Town- ship. He has nine acres of good land in the corporation of Albany. For fifteen years he drove a hack from Albany to Marsh- field, and a part of the time to Pomeroy. Three years of the time he was United States mail carrier, and was also employed during this time by the Adams Express Company. He was married Feb. 3, 1853, to Rebecca B., daughter of William and Margaret Figley, a native of Harrison County, Ohio, born Aug. 30, 1S27. They have had seven children, five now living — Mary, J. D., Lizzie J., John M. and Addie M. Mr. and Mrs. Oliver and their daughter Mary are members of the Free-Will Baptist church. Mr. Oliver's father, Jesse Oliver, was born in Virginia in 1799, and is now liv- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 621 ing in Noble County, Ohio. His mother, Rebecca Oliver, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, March 25, 1805, and died March 15, 1882. There was a family of nine children, seven of whom are living — Leven, L. B., Joseph, William, Maria, Martha and Mary. Mrs. Oliver's father was born in Harrison County, Ohio, in 1800, and died in January, 1881. Her mother died when Mrs. Oliver was only three years old, leaving three children — Mar- garet A., Rebecca B. and Martha J. Augustus Palmer, Postmaster, was born in "Washington County, Ohio, Jan. 26, 1827. He learned the saddler's trade in 1846, in Plymouth and then came to Albany and opened a shop. Five years later he sold out and went into the mercantile business with Charles Lindley, but after two years sold out to Brown & Jaynes. In 1866 he wasappoiuted Postmaster of Lee, and has served in that capacity longer than any other man in Athens County. He was married in 185S toSamarie, daughter of Jabez and Margaret (Simpson) Hub- bell. She was born in Meigs County, Dec. 28, 1831. They have no children. Mr. Palmer's father, J. F. Palmer, was born in Ver- mont, Aug. 31, 1787, and died in Washington County, Ohio, in 1813. His mother, Lydia (Brown) Palmer, was born Nov. 1, 1789, and died in 1856. They had three children — Harriet, born Dec. 17, 1822, and died in Missouri in 1871; John, born Feb. 12, 1825, and Augustus. Isaac Ream was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, July 2, 1812. In 1810 he came to Athens County and made four miles of the Eocking Canal. He was then overseer at Judge Pruden's salt work.-; ten years. In 1851 he followed boating on the canal. The next six years he kept a dairy, having sixty cows. In 1870 he went to Vinton County and worked for a stock importer four years. He then bought a farm in Vinton County and remained there till l vs 2. In April of that year he bought a farm of eighty acres in Alexander Township, Athens County, where he now resides. He was married in 1839, to Elizabeth Williamson, of Fairfield County, Ohio, a native of Virginia, born in 1815. They have two children —Ellen, now Mrs. I). M. Cooper, born April 3, 1853, and Sarah, now Mrs. Charles Martin, born Sept. 3, 1859. Mr. Ream enlisted in L862, in Company E, Seventy-sixth Ohio Infantry, and served three years. lie participated in the battle .of the Wilderness, both battles at Bull Run, Gettysburg, and was eight months in front of Charleston, S. C. His regiment was mounted and sent to Florida. He was discharged at Hilton Head, Fla., and returned to Athens 622 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. County. He participated in twenty-six hard-fought battles besides skirmishes, and was never wounded. T. K. Rossetter was born in New Hartford, Conn., Sept. 14, 1822. When sixteen years old he came to Ohio and settled on Shade Creek, Alexander Township, Athens County, where he lived twenty-two years. He then came to Albany, Lee Township, and now has a farm of 170 acres on section 4. He was married in 1847 to Matilda J. Wheeler, a native of Athens County, born in 1827. They have four children — Chandler M., Mary M., Hattie A. and Lou T. Mr. Rossetter is a member of Albany Lodge, No. 156, A. F. & A. M. Mrs. Amy Shrader, daughter of Samuel and Almira (Tracy) McCune, was born in Athens County, Jan. 26, 1826. Her father is a native of Canaan Township, this county, and was born Aug. 9, 1798. Her mother is a native of New York, born June 7, 1808. They have twelve children, all married — Amy, Henry, Jane, George, Susan, Levi, Charles, William, Eliza, Sarah, Lucy and Samuel R. The subject of this sketch was married in February, 1845, to David Shrader, a native of Washington County, Ohio, born July 21, 1825. Six children were born to them, only four now living — Henry, born June 23, 1850; Jennie, born April 14, 1859; Maggie E., born March 15, 1861; D. M. born Sept. 5, 1863. Maggie E. has been teaching school since fourteen years of age in Athens and Yinton counties. Mrs. Shrader has been a member of the United Brethren church thirty-four years. James Sickels was born in Waterloo Township, Athens Co., Ohio, May 5, 1835. In 1854 he was employed by the M. & C. R. R. contractors in getting out timber for the road; worked 200 days for one man. In 1855 he went to Illinois and remained fourteen months. He then returned to Ohio, and in Chillicothe met his father who had started for Kansas, and wanted James to accompany him. When they reached St. Louis they found that the Missouri River was frozen over, so turned their course down- ward and went to Louisiana. From there they went to Natchez and Yicksburg, Miss. When they arrived at Paducah, Ky., on their way home, the Ohio River was frozen over and they had to abandon the boat, the captain returning the money for the re- mainder of the trip. Mr. Sickels then went to Tennessee, from there to St. Louis, Peoria and Galesburg, III., and returned to Ohio in April, 1858. Since 186S he has been engaged in the lum- ber business, furnishing large quantities of lumber and timber to HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 623 the railroad as well as to the general public. He was married Oct. 29, 1858, to Sarah Ann Hawk, a native of New Jersey, born in 1836. They have nine children — Albert L., J. E., William L., George E., Julietta, Anna E., Jane, Mary and James H. Mr. and Mrs. Sickels are members of the Protestant Methodist church. William A. Smith was born in Beaver County, Penn., Feb. 7, 1844. He worked on the farm with his father and attended school till twenty years of age. He then taught every winter for ten years, and in the spring of 1874 attended the commercial college at Pittsburg. In the fall of 1874 he came to Ohio, and Nov. 1 located in Wilkesville, Vinton County. He was employed as clerk in the mercantile house of John Wilson, afterward changed to J. & H. S. Wilson, four years. In 1879 he opened a store of his own in Wilkesville, and in 1882 moved his stock of goods to Albany, where lie is now doing a good business. He was married March 2, 1876, to Susan E. Riggs, a native of Washington County, Ohio, born March 16, 1816. They have two children — Ira Dvvight, born Aug. 20, 1878, and Norma A., born Sept. 24, 1881. Mr. Smith was reared in the United Presbyterian church, and Mrs. Smith in the Methodist church, but since coming to Albany have joined the Cumberland Presbyterian church. Mr. Smith's father, Jacob Smith, was born in Allegheny County, Penn., in ISIS and his mother, Sophia (Alexander) Smith, in Law T rence County, Penn., in 1818. They are now living in Beaver County, his father being Postmaster at Rome. They had three children, only two now living — William A. and Calvin A. Mrs. Smith's parents, Hezekiah and Elizabeth (Moreland) Riggs, were natives of Pleasant County, W. Va., and Washington County, Ohio. They have had nine children, only five living — James W., Mary R., Susan E., Ellen and Perlina E. Mrs. Emma M. Stimson was born in Washington County, Ohio, Feb. 22, 1852, and when four years of age came to Lee Township, where she was reared and educated. She taught twenty-seven terms of school in Athens and Vinton counties. She was married Oct, 24, L877, to Dr. Stephen 11. Stimson, a native of Alexandria. Licking Co., Ohio, burn in 1849. He was a son of Dr. B. C. Stim- son, ot Alexandria. Dr. Stimson was killed Oct. 15, 1S79, by fall- ing from a pile of lumber in Athens, where he had gone to rejoice with thousands of others over the election of Oct. 14. Dr. Stimson was a skillful physician, a sympathetic, pleasant counselor at the sick-bed, and his services have been sadly missed, lie was young 624 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and his prospects were bright for a brilliant future. His friends were legion, and many were the sad hearts that followed him to his last resting place. Mrs. Stimson has two sons — Chauncey M., born Nov. 4, 1878, and Stephen H., born Jan. 15, 1880. Albert Vorhes, a native of "Washington County, Penn., born Nov. 29, 181S, was a son of Peter and Elizabeth (Burnett) Yorhes, natives of New Jersey, his father born in January, 1791, and his mother Sept. 2, 1792. His father died Sept. 13, 1854, and his mother Nov. 8, 1S62. They had a family of seven children — John, Sarah, Albert, Maria, William, Peter. and iYndrew. Andrew died Dec. 4, 1875. Mr. Vorhes lived on a farm till 1853, when he located in Albany, and established the mercantile house now in charge of his sons. He retired from active business in 1876, and the firm since that time has been J. H. Yorhes & Bros. He has a farm of 120 acres where he now resides, enjoying the benefits of an active early life. He was married in 1846 to Jane Morse, a native of Lawrence County, Ohio, born March 16. 1825. She died Feb. 2, 1866, leaving seven children. Mr. Yorhes after- ward married Ollie Gorslene, a native of Athens County. He is a member of the Presb} T terian and his wife of the Baptist church. He belongs to Albany Lodge, No. 56, A. F. & A. M. The firm of J. H. Yorhes & Bros, do an annual business of $75,000. In 1871 and '72 they handled over 200,000 pounds of wool. John Vorhes was born in Greene County, Penn., Aug. 7, 1815. When twenty-one years of age he came to Athens County and set- tled in Alexander Township, and five years later came to Lee Township and lived on a farm on section 11 till 1849. He moved into Albany in November of that year, and opened a diw-goods store. In 1864 he sold out to Isaac Stanley, and since then has been operating largely in real estate. He has been Town Council- man and Treasurer several terms. In August, 1841, he married E. M. McGrath, a native of Watertown, N. Y., born in 1823. They have had eight children, only five now living — A. "W., Elizabeth, Albert, B. C, and F. Ellen. Mr. Yorhes has 1,000 acres of fine land, 200 acres being near Albany. John T. Winn was born in Canada West, Oct. 7, 1812. In 1816 he moved to Meigs County, Ohio, and in September, 1834, came to Athens County, and has since lived in Lee Township. He owns 300 acres in this township and 130 acres in Knox Township, Yinton County. He was married June 2, 1840, to Mary A. Graham, a native of Meigs County, born March 12, 1820. They had four HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 625 children — A. J., born June 10, 1841, now living in Knox County, 111.; Mary E., born Nov. 12, 1842, now Mrs. A. M. Aplin; Nancy M., born March 2, 1846, now living in San Bernardino, Call; John H., born May 7, 1850. Mrs. Winn died March 20, 1851. Oct. 20, 1852, Mr. Winn married Phoebe B. Ripley, a native of Morgan County, born Aug. It), 1825. They have three children — Wra. S., Lucy A. and Benjamin F. Mrs. Winn is a member of the Meth- odist church. Mr. Winn is a member of Lodge No. 156, A. F. & A. M. In 1872 he was admitted to the bar of Athens County. He has served as County Commissioner one term and. Justice of the Peace three years. In 1860 he went to the Rocky Mountains, forty miles west of Denver, returning to Athens County after a year's absence. 40 CHAPTER XXII. CANAAN TOWNSHIP— THE LAND OF CANAAN AS SEEN TODAY. Location and Description — North and South Canaan — When Settled — The Hocking River — Population — Rough and Broken — Land on the Hill Poor — Grazing for Stock Good — Churches and Schools — Township Officers from 1819 to 1883 — Canaanyille — Its History — A Pew Closing Remarks — Bio- graphical. a central township. This township lies east of and adjoining Athens Township. The Hocking River passes through the middle of it, the township from west to east dividing it into two almostequal parts, which are locally designated as North Canaan and South Canaan. It is difficult to separate the first settlement of Canaan Township from that of Athens, of which Canaan was originally a part. It will have been noticed that the pioneer settlements clung pretty closely to the water courses. In the absence of roads or any other means of com- munication, the navigable streams always decided the movements of emigrants. The Hocking was, from all accounts, a considerably deeper stream and carried much more water eighty-five years ago than now, and was easily navigable for heavily laden barges. It thus became valuable as a means of communication and supplies, and the regions accessible to it were the first to be settled in the county. Accordingly many of the first settlers of Athens Town- ship located within the present limits of Canaan, whose rich bot- tom lands proved very attractive. POPULATION AND ORGANIZATION. The township was organized in 1819. The name Canaan was suggested by Judge Walker, of Ames Township, one of the County Commissioners at this time. The population of the township in 1820 was 356; in 1830 it was 375; in 1840 it was 800; in 1850 it was 1,142; in 1860 it was 1,272; in 1870 it was 1,543, and in 1880 the census gave 1,499. (C2G) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 627 Back from the river bottoms the land is rough over almost all of this township. Along the bottoms and over parts of the upland the soil is very fertile, but a great deal of the hilly part of the township is too steep or too poor for cultivation, and is devoted to grazing. Some coal is mined in the town- ship, but the hill beds are thin, and it is mined only for local use. At present there are four banks open in different parts of the town- ship. AGRICULTURALLY DISPOSED. The industry of the inhabitants of this township is almost ex- clusively farming. There is but one store in the township, and but one postoffice. The only manufactory in the township is the flouring mill at Canaanville. It was first built in 1824, by Ephraim Young and Henry Barrows, but has been since rebuilt by C. D. B. Webster in 1872. In the township there are thirteen school districts and five churches — two Methodist Episcopal, two United Brethren, and one Baptist. ELECTION AND OFFICERS. The first election for Township Trustees was held at the house of Edward Pilcher, April 5, 1819. John C. Carico and Stephen Pilcher were Judges, and Joshua Hoskinson and John McGill, Clerks of the Election. The township officers up to the present time are as follows: 1819. — Trustees, Parker Carpenter, Stephen Pilcher and George Bean; Justices of the Peace, Stephen Pilcher and Martin Mans- field. 1820. — Trustees, Martin Mansfield, Stephen Pilcher and George Bean; Justice of the Peace, Win. Stewart. 1821. — Trustees, Martin Mansfield, Martin Boyles and George Bean. 1822. — Trustees, Parker Carpenter, Martin Boyles and Elijah Pilcher; Justice of the Peace, Martin Mansfield. L823.— Trustees, Martin Mansfield, A. J. Hoskinson and Sam- uel Warren; Justice of the Peace, Stephen Pilcher. 1824. — Trustees, Martin Mansfield, A. J. Hoskinson and Phillip M. Starr. L825. — Trustees, Joshua Hoskinson, Stephen Pilcher and John Boyles; Justice of the Peace, Wm. Thompson. l s 2<>. — Trustees, John C. Carico, George Boyles and Wm. Hallert. 628 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1827. — Trustees, Stephen Pilcher, Parker Carpenter and John Boyles; Justice of the Peace, Stephen Pilcher. 1828. — ISTo election — old Trustees acted; Justice of the Peace, Win. Thompson. 1829. — Trustees, Stephen Pilcher, Parker Carpenter and Joshua Hoskinson. 1830. — Trustees, Martin Mansfield, Martin Boyles and Elijah Pilcher; Justice of the Peace, Joshua Hoskinson. 1S31. — Trustees, Martin Mansfield, Martin Boyles and Stephen Pilcher; Justice of the Peace, Marti a Mansfield. 1832. — Trustees, Wm. Burch. George Bean and Stephen Pil- cher. 1833. — Trustees, Wm. Burch, George Bean and Stephen Pilcher; Justice of the Peace, John McGill. 1834. — Trustees, Wm. Burch, Martin Mansfield and Robert Bean; Justice of the Peace, George Bean. 1835. — Trustees, Elijah Pilcher, Joshua Hoskinson and Robert Bean; Justice of the Peace, John McGill. 1836. — Trustees, Martin Mansfield, Joshua Hoskinson and Frederic Wood. 1837. — Trustees, Amos Miller, John G. Bean and Parker Car- penter; Justice of the Peace, George Bean. 1838. — Trustees, Martin Mansfield, Jacob Tedrow and Parker Carpenter; Justice of the Peace, Joshua Hoskinson. 1839. — Trustees, Elijah Pilcher, John Boyles and John G. Bean. 1810. — Trustees, Elijah Pilcher, John Boyles and John G. Bean; Justice of the Peace, George Bean. 1811. — Trustees, E. C. Wright, Richard Poston and David Jor- dan; Justice of the Peace, George N. Reade. 1812. — Trustees, D. M. Pruden, Richard Poston and David Jordan. 1843. — Trustees, D. M. Pruden, Isaac Long and David Jordan; Justice of the Peace, Robert Bean. 1811. — Trustees, D. M. Pruden, G. N. Reade and David Jor- dan; Justice of the Peace, G. N. Reade. 1815. — Trustees, D. M. Pruden, G. N. Reade and David Jordan. 1816. — Trustees, Clayton Starr, G. N. Reade and Harrison Halbert. 1847.— Trustees, Clayton Starr, G. N. Reade and D. M. Pru- den; Justice of the Peace, D. M. Pruden. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 629 1848. — Trustees, fin. Henry, N. O. Warren and John Druggan ; Justice of the Peace, A. Buckley. 1849. — Trustees, David Jordan, N. O. Warren and John Druggan. 1850. — Trustees, Richard Poston, Peter Sams and Peter Stal- der; Justices of the Peace, Nathan S. Pilcher and Aaron Hull. 1851. — Trustees, A. Buckley, George Mansfield and Peter Stal- der; Justice of the Peace, Richard Poston. 1852. — Trustees, Peter Davis, Nathan S. Pilcher and David Jordan. 1853. — Trustees, Peter Davis, Nathan S. Pilcher and David Jordan; Justices of the Peace, Nathan S. Pilcher and Aaron Hull. 1854. — Trustees, Peter Davis, Peter Stalder and Peter Finster- wald; Justices of the Peace, Elijah Tucker and Thomas- Gros- venor. 1855. — Trustees, Peter Davis, Peter Stalder and Peter Finch. 1856. — Trustees, David Jordan, Peter Stalder and Peter Finch; Justices of the Peace, Joseph Border, Charles C. Pruden and Pe- ter Davis. 1857. — Trustees, David Jordan, Peter Stalder and Peter Finster- wald. 1858. — Trustees, Nicholas Stalder, James Sams and Peter Davis. 1859. — Trustees, Nicholas Stalder, Joseph Border and Thomas Grosvenor; Justices of the Peace, David Love and J. W. Baird. I860.— Trustees, Nicholas Stalder, Henry Finsterwald and E. D. Sheridan. 1861.— Trustees, Nicholas Stalder, Henry Finsterwald and E. D. Sheridan; Justices of the Peace, David Love and J. W. Baird. 1862.— Trustees, L. D. Bean, Henry Finsterwald and S. L. Mohler. 1863.— Trustees, Curtis Bean, Henry Finsterwald and William Burch; Justices of the Peace, David Love and J. W. Baird. 1864.— Trustees, S. McLeade, Henry Finsterwald and William Burch. 1865.— Trustees, C. B. Cunningham, J. W. Baird and Joshua Wyatt; Justices of the Peace, David Love and J. W. Baird. ! 566.— Trustees, Curtis Bean, N. Warren and J. W. Baird. L867.— Trustees, Curtis Bean, N. Warren and Peter Finster- wald. 1868.— Trustees, Curtis Bean, F. C. Wyatt and Peter Finster- wald ; Justice of the Peace, T. W. Stewart and Arnold Hill. 630 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. I860.— Trustees, Curtis Bean, F. C. Wyatt and Peter Finster- wald; Clerk, J. AV. Hoskinson; Treasurer, L. D. Bean. 1870. — Trustees, Curtis Bean, F. C. Wyatt and Peter Finster- wald; Clerk, J. W. Hoskinson; Treasurer, L. D. Bean. 1S71. — Trustees, Curtis Bean, F. C. Wyatt and Peter Finster- wald; Clerk, J. W. Hoskinson; Treasurer, L. D. Bean; Justices of the Peace, T. W. Stewart and Arnold Hill. 1872.— Trustees, N. Stalder, J. O. Hill and William Stewart; Clerk, W. D. Mansfield; Treasurer, C. D. B. Webster. 1873.— Trustees, J. O. Hill, William Stewart and Elias Poston; Clerk, W.D. Mansfield; Treasurer, C. D. B. Webster. 1874.— Trustees, J. O. Hill, Elias Poston and D. D. Dowler; Clerk, E. B. Hoskinson; Treasurer, C. D. B. Webster; Justices of the Peace, T. W. Stewart and A. Tucker. 1875.— Trustees, Elias Poston, D. D. Dowler and Z. W. Hos- kinson; Clerk, E. B. Hoskinson; Treasurer, C. D. B. Webster. 1876.— Trustees, Z. W. Hoskinson, T. W. Stewart and Robert Dunlap; Clerk, E. B. Hoskinson; Treasurer, C. D. B. Webster. 1877. — Trustees, Z. W. Hoskinson, Robert Dunlap and J. M. Lamborn; Clerk, E. B. Hoskinson; Treasurer, CD. B. Webster; Justices of the Peace, D. D. Dowler and J. M. Maxwell. 1878. — Trustees, J. M. Lamborn, William Marshall and J. Mc- Clanahan; Clerk, E. B. Hoskinson; Treasurer, C. D. B. Webster. 1879. — Trustees, J. M. Lamborn, J. McClanahan and William Marshall; Clerk, J. W. Baird; Treasurer, C. D. B. Webster. [880. — Trustees, Henry Finsterwald, J. McClanahan and Will- iam Marshall; Clerk, D. Flesher; Treasurer, C. D. B. Webster. 1SS1.— Trustees, J. B. Phillips, Peter Finsterwald and Frank Finsterwald; Clerk, D. Flesher; Treasurer, F. M. Webster; Jus- tice of the Peace, J. O. Hill. 1S82.— Trustees,| Peter Finsterwald. J. B. Phillips and C. I. Ham; Clerk, D. Flesher; Treasurer, F. M. Webster. 1SS3.— Trustees, C. 1. Ham, J. O. Maxwell and Robert Patter- son; Clerk, D. Flesher; Treasurer, F. M. Webster. CANAANVILLE. The only village in Canaan Township, Canaanville, is situated on the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad, about the center of the township. It never was laid out in lots, and has only a popula- tion of about fifty-five inhabitants. It has one store, kept by J. W. Baird, who also keeps the postofiice; one flouring mill, owned by the HISTORY - OF HOCKING VALLEY. 631 Webster Brothers, and one blacksmith shop, kept by Draper Flesher. Considerable lumber and timber is shipped from the sta- tion at this point. A village was laid out in this township about a quarter of a mile east of Canaanville in 1855, on the land of Nathan Pilcher, but it never was settled upon to any extent. The name of this imaginary village is Detroit. The postofhce was established and originally kept near its present location, on the old Athens and Marietta mail route. The first Postmaster was Stephen Pilcher, who held the office from 183-1 until 1839. He was fol- lowed by N. O. "Warren, who was Postmaster from 1839 until 1866, when J. W. Baird, the present Postmaster, was appointed. The village has also a hotel kept by N. B. Owens. A FEW REMARKS. The township has not improved much the past decade, and its population proved to have been a trine less in 1S80 than in 1870. The southern portion of the township is watered by Willow Run, and through that portion of the township the land is fertile. The northern section of the township is more broken and the valley smaller after leaving the Hocking River. The Valley of McDou- gal's Creek lies in the northeastern part and is extremely rich, and the hills excellent pasturage grounds. Stock and sheep raising especially is an important element of wealth to the farmers. It is bounded on the north by Ames Township, on the east by Rome, south by Lodi, and west by Athens townships. The Hocking Val- ley Railroad, following the river bank, also runs through the town- ship from west to east and has one station, Warren depot, about midway or central in the township, which gives the farmers splen- did shipping facilities, the most distant point beingbuta trifle over three miles from the station. The fact that Canaan Township has retrograded the past ten years instead of growing, when the nature of the township is known, the nearness of railroad facilities, schools, churches and the county seat, is something hard to under- stand, but there seems to be a disposition to congregate in the mining townships. While the present outlook is not flattering, it is not altogether without promise. BIOGRAPHICAL. J. W. Baird, merchant, was born in Sullivan County, New York, June 6, 1827, and is the son of C. C. and Sarah (Barlow) Baird, who came to Athens County in 1836 and located in Rome Town- 632 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ship where N. O. Warren now resides. Our subject was educated in the common schools and completed it at Miller's Academy. At the age of fifteen he became engaged as a clerk in a store, in which he remained until he was married, Dec. 31, 1847, to Miss Lorinda Warren, a daughter of the venerable N. O. Warren, of Rome Town- ship. Mr. and Mrs. Baird have seven children — Waldo, Lydia, Charles, Lot L., Augustus, Grace and Wade. At the time of his marriage*Mr. Baird became engaged in farming, in which he con- tinued until 1860. He then became a partner of C D. B. Web- ster in the mercantile business at Canaanville, which partnership existed until 1878. He then purchased Mr. Webster's interest and still continues in the business, where he receives, as he deserves, a liberal share of the public patronage. Although he never craved office, yet the people had such perfect confidence in him that they have given him nearly all the offices of trust in the township. He has held the office of Justice of the Peace for nine years, and at the same time held the office of Township Clerk and Assessor. He has been Postmaster at this point for about twenty years. He took the census of the township in 1880. He owns 160 acres of land and has been generally successful in all his undertakings. Harrison Bean, farmer, Canaan Township, was born in Hardy County, W. Va., July 31, 1829, and is the son of John G. and Dianna Bean, who came to Athens County about 1830 and set- tled in Canaan Township, on a farm located at the mouth of Wil- low Creek, where our subject now resides. He was reared on his father's farm and educated in the common schools. Mr. Bean was married in November, 1855, to Margaret W., daughter of Martin and Abigail Mansfield, residents of Athens County. This union was blessed by the birth of ten children, nine of whom are living — Martin L., Parker (deceased), Emeline E., Rosa Lee, Fred H., Arlow W., Cyrus B., Annette, Elsie E. and Mary F. Mr. Bean lias a fine farm containing 150 acres of improved land, on which are substantial buildings. He has followed his chosen avocation very successfully and been enabled by his industry to surround himself and family with the necessary comforts of life. When a young man he made sixteen trips to Cincinnati, Ohio, in flat-boats, this being their only way of carrying the products of the farm to mar- ket. His father, who has reached the advanced age of ninety-four, retains his strength and faculties remarkably. lie resides near Springfield, 111. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 633 Jeremiah Burroughs, farmer, was born in Canada West, May 10, 1813, and is the son of James and Marian Burroughs, who were among the early settlers of Athens County. They were born in New York State, and went from there to Canada, and when General Harrison went in there he was very much wanted by the British, as a soldier, but he remained loyal to the country of his birth, and was enabled to escape with the United States army with his family to the United States, coming across the lake, and located in Huron County, Ohio, where he remained a short time and then came to Belpre, Washington County, where he remain ed about two years and then came to Athens County and located first in Home Township; remained a little over two years and then came to Canaan Township and settled near where the store of J. W. Baird now stands. Here he passed the remainder of his life. Our subject was married in 184i to Elizabeth Bean, daughter of Thomas Bean. Mr. Burroughs has a fine farm containing about fifty-eight acres of improved land. He has, by his industry, been enabled to accumulate a property sufficient to keep him comfortably during his remaining days. He is physically a strong man and retains his faculties to a remarkable degree for a man of his years. His first vote was cast for William Henry Harrison, and he always voted with the Whig party as long as it remained in existence, and since the formation of the Republican party he has ever been a staunch adherent to its principles. Harvey Carpenter, farmer and stock-raiser, Canaan Township, was born in Windham County, Conn., Aug. 11, 1802, and is the son of Parker and Mary Carpenter, who were prominently identi- fied among the early settlers of Athens County, coming here in the year 1817 and locating in Canaan Township. Our subject, at the time of coming here, was fourteen years of age, and has been able to note the rapid development of the country about his adopted home. He remained with his parents until he reached his ma- jority, receiving his education in the common schools. At this time he purchased a farm near that of his father's, and began life for himself. He was married about 1820 to Abbie Arnold, a daughter of Thomas Arnold, who was also a pioneer. By this un- ion were five children, two of whom still survive— Oliver and Mary; John, Adeline and Ann Eliza are deceased. Mr. Carpen- ter was bereft of his wife Dec. 18, 1880. He has followed assidu- ously his chosen avocation, that of a farmer, and by his industry has been able to accumulate a property sufficient to surround him- self during his remaining days with all the comforts of life. 634 HISTORY OF HOCKING valley. Oliver Carpenter, the oldest son of Harvey and Abbie (Arnold) Carpenter, was born in Canaan Township, April 20, 1827. He was reared on his father's farm and was educated in the common schools. He was married in 1849 to Laura Bartlett, a daughter of William D. and Julia (Bingham) Bartlett, of Athens. By this union are six children— Addie M., William D. B., John H., Edward D., Percy H. and Elizabeth S. Mr. Carpenter has been engaged in farming a greater portion of his life and has resided with his father quite a portion of the time. In 1862 he was employed by the Uni- ted States Government as an inspector of horses, being stationed at St. Lonis, and in 1863-'4 was engaged as recruiting officer for Ca- naan Township; and by his efforts they avoided the draft by keep- ing their quota filled. Robert Cook, farmer, Canaan Township, was born in Manchester, England, and is the son of William and Mary Cook, who were of Irish descent. His mother died when he was only one year old, and at the age of seven he came to America with his father, who settled in Washington County, Pa., where our subject lived on a farm until he was eighteen years of age. At this time he learned the tailor's trade which he followed for ten years. He was married Sept. 2, 1850, to Mary B., daughter of Jonathan and Mary Minear, natives of Virginia. They have five children — Mary N., Elizabeth V., William E., Emma.M. and Robert S. After their marriage they resided in Pennsylvania for about seven years, then coming to Athens County and locating in Troy Township, where they still own property. In 1877 they came to Canaan Township and lo- cated on the farm where they now reside. He has a fine farm con- taining 148f acres of improved land on which he has erected a very pleasant residence. Mr. Cook has by his industry been able to ac- cumulate a handsome property which he uses in surrounding him- self and family with all the necessary comforts of life. Mrs. Cook is a member of the Congregational church. Henry Fimterwald, farmer and stock-raiser, Canaan Town- ship, Athens County, was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, Jan. 23, 1827, and is the son of John and Catharine Finsterwald, who came to Athens among the early pioneers, coming from Switz- erland in the year 1819 to America, crossing the ocean in a sailing vessel, and landing in New York before steamships and railroads were known. They came from New York to Pittsburg, Penn., in teams, where they purchased a flat-boat and came down the Ohio River to Marietta, where the women and children remained HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 635 until the men could go out and build a house for them in the woods, as it was at that time. They came to Cauaan Township and built a large log house near the place now owned and occupied by Elijah Woods. They then returned to Marietta for their fami- lies and moved them into the new house, arriving in November, the whole colony of about seventy persons occupying this one house the first winter. The following spring they each bought and settled on their future homes, our subject's parents settling in Ames Township, where they lived for a few years. They then went to Fairfield County, where his father died when our sub- ject was six years of age. At this time his mother and family returned to Ames Township. Mr. Finsterwald remained with his mother until he was sixteen years of age, and then came to Canaan and became engaged in coal-mining, which he followed for about twenty -eight years. He was married April 20, 1855, to Miss Lucy Hill, daughter of Jonathan and Nancy (Arnold) Hill, who was among the early settlers of Athens County. By this union there are seven children — Franklin, Alice, Mary, Henry, Samuel, Car- rie D. and Pharis. In 1872 Mr. Finsterwald purchased his present home, a farm containing 226 acres of well-improved land, well adapted to raising stock and grain. Mr. Finsterwald has fol- lowed his present vocation assiduously, and by his industry has been able to accumulate a handsome property which he uses in surrounding himself and family with the necessary comforts ot life and carries with him the respect of his fellow citizens. Peter Finsterwald, farmer, was born in Canaan Township, Jan. 15, 1823, the son of John and Catharine (Stalder) Finsterwald, who came from Switzerland to America in 1819. He was reared on a farm until eighteen years of age. He then went to Harmony and went to work in a salt manufacturing establishment, in which business he remained for about twenty-live years, and for the past eight years has been engaged in farming. He was married in 1811 to Bar- bara A. Davis, a resident of Athens County. They had one child — Jessie. Mrs. Finsterwald only lived one year after their marriage. In 1846 he chose for himself a second wife in Miss Isabel Liggett, and this union was blest by the birth of four children, one of whom still survives — Amanda. His wife died Feb. 5, 1866. He was again married Feb. 9, 1867, to Amanda Liggett, a sister of the pre. ceding wife, and they were the parents of three children, two still living— Lorinda and Frederick. This wife died April 12, 1873, and he was married to his present wife, who was Mrs. Dorcas Sams, 636 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. April 11, 1874. He is the owner of 217 acres of improved land, and as a farmer he has proved a success. He has held several dif- ferent township offices, and is at present one of its Trustees. Mr. and Mrs. Finsterwakl are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, an organization in which they take great interest. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, located at Athens. Draper Flesher, blacksmith, Canaan Township, was born Sept- 16, 1850, in Lewis County, W. Ya., and is the son of John and Minerva (Camden) Flesher. He received his early education in the subscription schools, and at the age of fifteen he entered the employ of a blacksmith as an apprentice, in which he served for four years, coming to Athens in October, 1869, with his employer and settling in Canaan Township. In the fall of 1871 he com- menced business for himself in the shop where he now successfully prosecutes his trade. He was married Jan. 18, 1871, to Miss Cath- arina Reining, daughter of George and Christina Reining, resi- dents of Athens County. By this union there are four children — Mary L., Henry M., Lawrence G. and Lena E. Mr. Flesher is a member of the Athenian Lodge, No. 101, K. of P., located at Athens. In 1880 he was elected to the office of Township Clerk, and was re-elected in 1881, and again in 1882, which office he still holds and fills with credit to himself and honor to his constituents, and carries with him the confidence of his fellow townsmen. Mrs. Mary C. Grosvenor is the daughter of the late John and Emily (Carpenter) Wyatt, and was born in Ames Township, March 19, 1828, and received her early education in the common schools, completing it at the academy in Chester, Meigs County, Ohio. She was married Nov. 1, 18-17, to Thomas Grosvenor. By this union there were seven children, only six of whom are living — Henrietta, Ann E., "William P. (deceased), Mary A., Hattie, John II. and Sarah E. Mr. Grosvenor died April 11, 1862. At the breaking out of the late civil war he was among the foremost to answer the appeal, enlisting in November, 1861, in the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and lost his life on the date above men- tioned. Mrs. Grosvenor is the owner of a nice farm containing seventy-five acres of well-improved land, on which is a very pleas- ant residence in which she is surrounded with the comforts of life. She has been a member of the Presbyterian church for several years and takes an interest in the good work, and has taken an act- ive part in the missionary cause, being the President of the so- ciety at New England. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 037 Charles J. Ham, farmer and stock-raiser, Canaan Township, was born in Kennebec County, Maine, July 29, 1831, and is the youngest son of Thomas and Mary (Smith) Ham. He received his education in the common schools, completing it at the academy at Monmouth, Maine. On reaching his majority he came to Ohio, locating in Athens County, and immediately became connected with the old M. & C. R. R., as a contractor, following this avoca- tion for a period of sixteen years, and was also a greater part of the time superintendent of bridges, and by strict attention to the du- ties thereof he gained the confidence and esteem of the managers of the company. In 1870 he went to Springfield, 111., and engaged in the construction of bridges for the S. E. & S. E. R. R., which position he occupied for a period of four years, after which he re- turned to his adopted home, in Ohio, and re-entered his former po- sition with the M. & C. R. R., where he remained for about four years, when he severed his connection with the company and pur- chased the homestead of the late William Henry, where he has since resided. His farm contains 390 acres of improved land, which is well adapted to the purposes for which it is used, raising grain and live-stock, and on which are commodious and substan- tial buildings. He was married in October, 1858, to Jane Henry, daughter of William and Eunice Henry, and a granddaughter of the iate John Henry, who was one of the pioneers of Ames Town- ship. There are two children, a son and daughter — Charles W. and Emma D. By his industry and strict attention he has been able to accumulate a large property, which he uses to the best ad- vantage in surrounding himself and family with all the comforts of life. He is a man of generous disposition, and. is ever ready to aid in forwarding any laudable enterprise which will be of in- terest and benefit to the public, and by his honesty and integrity he carries with him the justly deserved respect and esteem of the entire community. Arnold Will, farmer, was born in Zanesville, Ohio, JSTov. 9, 1821, the son of Jonathan and Nancy (Arnold) Hill, who were among the early settlers of the county, coming here from Massachusetts in 1817 and locating in Ames Township. He was the builder of one of the first bridges across Federal Creek. He came to Canaan Township about 1820, and located on what is now known as the X. 0. Warren firm, where he remained until a short time before his death, which occurred in Ames Township, Feb. 20, 1802. Our subject was reared on the farm and remained with his parents until 63$ HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. he was twenty-two years of age. He was married Aug. 25, 1855, to Mary Pruden, daughter of Samuel Pruden, a pioneer of the county. By this union there were ten children; nine still live — Charles C, Romma, Samuel B., Silas, Hattie, Eva, Nathan, Mida and Ella. He is the owner of 430 acres of land, 300 of which is improved and on which is a valuable deposit of coal, which he has operated quite successfully. He has held several different offices at the hands of the people and has in discharge of these duties given satisfaction to his constituents. He always takes a lively interest in educational matters and has been School Director for twent} T -seven years. Ziba W. Hoskinson, farmer, Canaan Township, section 8, was born in Canaan Township, Athens County, April 18, 1818, and is the second son of Joshua Hoskinson, who came from Maryland to Athens County in 1810, and grandson of Elisha Hoskinson, who was one of the first settlers of Canaan Township. Our subject was reared on his father's farm. He lived with his parents until their death, and still remains on the old homestead on which his parents first settled in 1826, which contains about 200 acres of good land, located at the mouth of "Willow Creek. He was married May 19, 18-12, to Mary Bean, daughter of John Bean, who was one of the pioneers of Rome Township. By this union there are four chil- dren — Elza B., Elmira, Clarissa, Hoyt. Mr. and Mrs. Hoskinson are active and consistent members of the Free- Will Baptist church, he being Clerk of the church. His father was the first Township Clerk, and our subject officiated in the same capacity for a period of ten years. In 'his chosen avocation, that of a farmer, he has been very successful, and uses his accumulated wealth in surround- ing himself and family with all the comforts of life. Geo. B. Hulbert, farmer, was born in Canaan Township, March 3, 1838, and is the son of Harrison and Nancy (Bean) Hulbert, who were amoyg the pioneers of the county, as Mr. Hulbert was born here a^early as 1804. Our subject was reared on the farm of his father and remained with him until he was about twenty-five years of age. lie was at this time married to Annie Mansfield, daughter of Martin Mansfield, a resident of Lodi Township. They have four children — Elzina, Caroline, Elsie and an infant. When about thirty years of age he purchased the farm on which he now resides, containing 160 acres of improved land, on which he has erected a fine residence. The comforts with which he and his famil} 7 are surrounded were gained by strict attention to his pursuits, and the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 639 good will of his fellow-men has been won by his integrity and man-like bearing. John Milton Lamborn, farmer and stock-raiser, Canaan Town- ship, Athens County, was born in Washington County, Pa., March 2, 1826, and is the son of Joel and Jane (Chapman) Lamborn who were natives of Pennsylvania. Our subject received his early edu- cation in the common and select schools. At the age of eighteen he became engaged as a clerk in the grocery business in Louisville, Ky., in which he remained for about three years. He then returned to his native State and taught school about three years. lie then became engaged in the dry-goods business for himself in which he continued for about three years with a fair degree of success. He then sold out and became engaged in farming, in which he continued until 1868, in his native State, having purchased a farm in 1864. During the years of 1862-'3 he dealt largely in stock. In 1868 he came to Ohio where he spent a short time in looking for a place to locate, and in March, 1860, came to Canaan Township and located on the farm where he now resides. He was married in September, 1849, to Matilda Morrill, a native of Pennsylvania, daughter of George and Hester Morrill. By this union there were six children, five of whom are still living — Rosalia Florence (deceased), Virginia C, Olive C, Byron L., Lizzie M. and Milton M. Mr. Lamborn has afinefann containing 150 acres of improved land well adapted to raising stock and grain, on which is a very pleasant residence and substantial farm buildings. He has held the office of Township Trustee for several years and performed the duties thereof with credit to himself and honor to his constituents. Mr. and Mrs. Lamborn are members of the Christian church. He is politically a conservative Democrat, always striving to use his influence for the right. Geo. Mansfield, farmer, was born in Canaan Township, Oct. 19, 1813, and is the oldest son of Peter and Susan Mansfield, who were among the earliest settlers of the county, coming here from Penn- sylvania in 1797, locating at the mouth of Willow Creek. Here our subject was reared and remained until he was nearly twenty- eight years of age. He was united in marriage, Jan. 19, 1841, to Catherine S., a daughter of William T. Dean, who was a pioneer, coming here from Massachusetts in 1815. By this union were seven children, five of whom still survive— William Dean, Mary A., Susan M. (deceased), Lewis, Nancy J., Catherine E. (deceased), and Harriet A. He was bereft of his wife Jan. 19, 1873. He has 61:0 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. a fine farm containing 300 acres of improved land, and in following his chosen avocation he has been quite successful. He is an active member of the United Brethren church, as was also his wife until her death, in which they have always taken great interest. His children have all taken nnto themselves companions for life. L. E. Mansfield, farmer and stock-raiser, Canaan Township, Athens County, is the youngest child of Martin and Margaret Mans- field. Martin Mansfield was a native of Sussex County, N. J., and when a child went to Huntingdon County, Pa., where he lived until he was sixteen years of age, when, in the year 1795, he came to Athens County, Ohio, and in 1797 purchased a farm and built a cabin on the same place where our subject's residence now stands. Margaret Denham was born in Delaware, and came to Athens County in 1795. They were married in Ames Township. They were the parents of twelve children, eleven of whom lived to be men and women. They started in life without means, and with nothing to aid them but strong hands and willing hearts; but after passing through the hardships and privations of a frontier life, they were enabled by care- ful management to accumulate a large property. They gave to their children all the advantages possible at that early day to gain a good and practical education, which fitted them for good and useful men and women in society. After living an honorable and useful life, and winning the confidence and esteem of all who knew him, he died Aug. 7, 1860, at the advanced age of eighty-one, having been an active and consistent member of the Methodist Epis- copal church for fifty-three years. His wife survived him three years, her death occurring Aug. 28, 1863, she having been a mem- ber of the same church for fifty-six years. Our subject was born on the 9th of April, 1833. His youth was spent in assisting on the farm and attending school, receiving his education at the Ohio University at Athens. He has always resided on the homestead on which his father first settled, where he makes a specialty of raising live stock. lie has a fine brick residence, where he enjoys all the comforts of life. Mr. Mansfield is an ardent worker for the cause of temperance, never having used either liquor or tobacco. John Mu8selm-an, miller, Canaan Township, was born in Ross County, Ohio, March 12, 1830, and is the son of Michael and Rebecca Musselman, and grandson of Henry Musselman, who settled in Ross County in 1799, and was one of the pioneers, and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 641 bnilt and operated one of the first flouring mills in that county, which avocation was followed by his son, and also by our subject. Mr. M. was educated in the common schools, attending for one term the Academy at Chillicothe, Ohio. He came to Athens County, March 1, 1865, and located in Canaan Township. He has been engaged ever since he came to the place in the flouring mill, which he still successfully operates, and has won the confidence of the entire community by his strict attention to his pursuits and fair dealing with his fellow men. lie was married Dec. 30, 1852, to Angeline Hanson, daughter of James and Elizabeth Han- son. By this union are five children — Edward, Charles, Minnie May, Chauncey W. and Zoa. He was bereft of his wife Jan. 11,. 1861. He was again married in October, 1869, to Martha W. Gibson, a native of Ross County. She died July 4, 1SY4, leaving one daughter — Ina Maud. Mr. M. is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, located at Athens. Politically, he is a Republican. Nelson B. Owens, Canaan Township, was born in Ames Town- ship. May 3, 1833. He is the oldest son of Gardner and Abi- gail (Nichols) Owens, who were among the pioneers of Ames Township. Our subject was reared on a farm, and his education was obtained in the common schools. At the age of twenty-two he purchased a farm adjoining the old homestead, and began life for himself. He was married June 14, 1855, to Annie Car- penter, the youngest daughter of Samuel and Annie Carpenter, of Morgan County. By this union are two children — Roena E. and John G. At his mother's death, Mr. Owen returned to his old home and resided with his father for a short time. In 1861 he went to Morgan County and engaged in the mercantile business, which he followed for about eight years. In 1869 he went to Rome Township, where he remained a short time, then returned to his native town and engaged in carrying the United States mail between there and New England postoffice, in Rome Township, in which service he remained for three years. In May, 1873, he became engaged in the hotel business at Amesville, in which he continued for about seven years. In 1880 he engaged himself in stork trading and operating a flouring mill. He came to Canaan- ville in August, 1882, where he now resides on what is known as the'old " Jocky " Warren farm. He is a man of obliging disposition, and has won for himself many warm friends. 41 642 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. JReu. J. iV. Pilcher was born in Canaan Township, Feb. 15, 1S33, and is the son of George F. and Elizabeth (Saunders) Pilcher. who came to Athens County from Hampshire County, Ya., in 1304. aud settled in Canaan Township, near the residence now occupied by their son. They were among the early pioneers of the county, and were instrumental in the development of the county, which was at that time one vast wilderness, with but few to aid them and to bear with them the hardships attendant upon the early settlement of the county. Our subject was reared on his father's farm and was edu- cated in the common schools, attending for one term Miller's Sem- inary, and completing it at the Ohio University, at Athens. In 1S5S he connected himself with the Ohio Conference of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, aud remained in this work for a period ot thirteen years, being first located on the Plymouth circuit, in Wash- ington County; afterward at Chester, MeigsCounty, Mt. Pleasant, in the counties of Hocking and Vinton, Hamden, Yinton County. Pike- ton, which was at that time the county seat of Pike County, Jackson C. H., Jackson County, Pleasanton charge in Athens County. During the tenth year of this work he was in charge of the Ladies Seminary at Worthington, Ohio, aud the following year was passed in Califor- nia, after which he returned to his native State and was located at Westerville, Franklin County, and the last year at Plain City, Union County. At this time his health became impaired and his voice fail- ing him he was obliged to abandon his chosen work, in which he al- wavs took so much interest. In 1S71, hoping to regain his health he visited the Pacific Coast, where he remained for seven months. He then returned to Canaan Township and now resides on the old farm whore he passed the days of his youth. He was married in July. 1861, to Florence M., daughter of Rev. Ezekiel and Phoebe Sibley, who were at that time residents of Nelsonville, Athena Co. Their seven children are: Herbert Holmes, George Sibley. Fran- cis Nelson, BLenry Merrill, Alice Florence, Charles Summerfield and Benjamin Luther. Mr. Pilcher and his wife are very sincere, earnest workers in the cause to which they gave their lives when young, the Christian I _ \. through which they strive to make the pathway ot others bright and their burdens easy to bear, and in so doing gain for themselves in their remaining days true peace and happiness. Ellas Postoih farmer, was born in Hampshire County, "\V. A a., Sept. 13, 1S32, and is the son of John and Elizabeth Poston. who came to Athens Connty in 1>36 and settled in Ames Township, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 643 where they resided about two years, and then came to Canaan Town- ship and located on the farm on which they resided until their death. Our subject was reared on the farm and received a common-school education. He lived with his parents the most of the time until he was twenty-six years of age. Ac this time he purchased the farm on which he now resides. He was married Feb. 1, 1867, to Fostina Young, a daughter of Ephraim and Drusilla Young, residents of Canaan Township. By this union were four children, three of whom are living — DowL., Charles H., and John. Mrs. Poston died Oct. 29, 1875, thirty-nine years of age. Mr. Poston has a fine farm of 161 acres of well-improved land on which he has built a neat and comfortable home and surrounded it with shade trees and shrubbery. He has followed his chosen avocation very suc- cessfully, and has been able, by his industry, to accumulate a property sufficient to give himself and family every comfort, and is respected by all his fellow-townsmen. Geo. W. Poston, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Canaan Township, Feb. 27, 1846, son of Ash ford and Mary Poston, na- tives of Virginia, who came to Athens County about 1837 and lo- cated on the place on which they resided until shortly before Mr. Poston's death. Our subject was reared on the farm and educated in the common and high schools, and remained with his parents until he reached his majority. He then went to Virginia and en- gaged in the lumber business, in which he continued for eight years, and taught school the two following years. In 1875 he purchased the old homestead where he has since resided. Mr. Poston is principally engaged in buying and selling stock, in which he is quite successful. He also takes an active interest in educational matters. He was married June 9, 1878, to Luella Blaine, daughter of Zarah Blaine, a resident of Mason County, W. Va. Mrs. Poston is a member of the Missionary Baptist church. Charles C. Pruden, salt manufacturer, Canaan Township, Athens County, was born in Athens, Aug. 17, 1827, and is the son of Sam- uel B. and Mary (Cranston) Pruden. When a young man he was engaged in assisting his father in his business. He received his education in the common schools, and has in his possession the teacher's quarterly report of the first school which was held in the place, with his name thereon as a student. He was married Sept. 24, 1860, to Miss Lucy A. Howard, daughter of Cyrus and Lucy Howard, residents of Hamilton County, Ohio. They have had two children— Olive M. and Ulysses Grant (deceased). Mr. Pru- 044 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. den has in his possession several articles of interest, among which is his grandfather's clock, an old family Bible, which is over 100 years old, and other articles of antiquity. Mr. and Mrs. Pruden reside in the large brick residence built by his father in 1S40, and are surrounded with the comforts of life. He has his father's library, which contains many books of interest, in which he takes a great pride. They have the respect and esteem of the commu- nity in which they live. JVathan S 1S56, to Henrietta Bishop, daughter of Daniel and Susan Bishop, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to this county in 1S15. By this union there were five children, only two of whom are living — Elizabeth E., George Wesley (deceased), Charles Andrew (de- ceased), Daniel Albert and William Hastings (deceased). Mr. Sums died Feb. 7, 18.77, bearing the respect of all. Mrs. Sams now resides on the old homestead, together with her only remaining son. The farm contains 100 acres of well-improved land. Mrs. S:uns has been for several years a member of the Methodist Epis- copal church, as was also her husband till his death. Wm. Smit A, farmer and stock -raiser, Canaan Township, Athens County, was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, Sept. 25, 1834, and is the son oi Michael and Rebecca Smith, who came to this county in 1852, and located in Canaan Township, on the farm where they re- sided until their death. Our subject was reared on the farm and received his early education in the common schools. He was mar- ried April 16, 1857. to Ruth Smith, daughter of Nicholas Smith, a resident of Athens County. \\y this union there were six children, only five of whom are still living — Elenora, James, May, Ezra and Aida. After his marriage he went to Missouri and lived eleven years; then returned to the old homestead where he now resides. He has a fine farm of 280 acres of well-improved land, on which is a very pleasant residence and substantial farm buildings. He has followed his chosen avocation, that oi' a farmer, very successfully,. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 645 and by his industry has been enabled to accumulate such a property i be able to surround himself and family with the comforts of life. "Nicholas Stalder, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Switzer- land. Feb. 9, 1812, and is the son of Jacob and Annie Stalder, who came to America in 1819, and settled in Canaan Township, Athens County, near the farm now owned and occupied by Elijah Woo Is. They were among the early settlers of the county. He was reared on his father's farm and was educated in the common schools, as educational advantages were at that timelimited. Our subject was married in 1^4o, to Barbara Ninegar, who also came to America at a little later period than Mr. Stalder. By this union were twelve children, six of whom still live — Henry, Samuel, Philena, Helen, Ida and Augusta. Mr. Stalder was bereft of his wife and compan- ion in 1880. They were both active and consistent members of the United Brethren church. He has a fine farm containing 205 acres of well-improved land, on which he has built a neat and comfortable residence. Mr. S. has by his industry and economy been able to accumulate such a property as to enable him to surround himself and family with the neccessary comforts of life, an d bears the re- spect of his fellow citizens. William W. Starkey, farmer, was born in West Virginia, Jan. 24, 1837, and came to Ohio in 1855. He lived in Rome Township, Athens County, till 1881, when he bought 137^- acres of fine land anaan Township. He was married April 1, 1858, to Charity Durand, a native of New York, born in 1865. They have three children— John, Charles and Mary. Mr. Starkey's father, Joseph Starkey, was born in Virginia and came to Ohio in 1855, and is still living in Canaan Township. His mother, Cassy (Masters) Starkey, died'in Virginia in 1853, leaving three children — Edward, Chloe and William. His father afterward married Susan Baker, of Ohio. She died leaving one child— George. Mr. Starkey then married Martha Cocondouer, of Virginia. They have no children. Aaron Tucker, farmer, was born in Hardy Comity, W. Va., Nov. 11. 1826, and came with his mother, Martha Tucker, to Athens County in 1829 and located in Canaan Township, on the farm immediately east of the railroad station at Canaanville. At the age of nine years he went to live with Edmund Bean, of Rome 'iship, with whom he remained four years, and the three fol- lowing years he lived with John Salter, of Rome Township. At the age of sixteen he went to Nelsonville, York Township, and 6±6 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. made his home with C. S. Kimmey until he was nineteen years old. He was married Dec. 31, 1845, to Sarah L. Camby, daughter of* Thomas and Annie (Mansfield) Camby. They have one child, a daughter — Edith. Mrs. Tucker's grandfather was Fife Major in the Revolutionary war, his son Simon H. served in the same ca- pacity in the war of 1812, and his son William held the same position in the late civil war. Mr. Tucker was elected by the peo- ple to the office of Justice of the Peace in 187-1 and again in 1SS0, and has always discharged the duties thereof to the entire satisfac- tion of the people. Mr. Tucker's mother resides with him and has reached the advanced age of eighty-two, but still retains her strength and faculties to a remarkable extent. Mr. Tucker and his wife have been consistent Christians and members of the church the greater portion of their lives, and he is at the present time Ministerial Trustee for the township, a position he has held for the past ten years. C. D. B. Webster, deceased, merchant and. mill-owner, Canaan Township, was born May 23, 1825, in Portland, Me. The days of his youth were passed on his father's farm, and his educa- tion was such as could be derived from the common schools. He was married Jan. 8, 1853, to Miss Joanna Morrell, at Bridgeton, Me., and by this union are two children, both of whom still sur- vive — Frank C. and Fred M. He came to Athens County in 1853, and located at Athens, and was engaged in the survey and con- struction of the M. &. C. R. R. (now the C , W. & B. R. R.). At the completion of the road he came to Canaan Township and engaged in the mercantile business, in which he continued with remarkable success till within two years of his death. He was prominently identified with the business interests of the place, and in 1865 he purchased the flouring mill situated on the Hocking River, which is still retained by his family. He was a man of ex- cellent judgment and shrewd business tact, which enabled him to accumulate a large property, which he used in surrounding himself and family with the comforts of life. He was ever mindful of the wants of others, and did much by his counsel to assist his fellow- men, and with his ever ready means to relieve the wants of the worthy poor and needy. He was bereft of his first wife March 22, 1863, and was again married Nov. 29, 1864, to Almira Mussel- man, a resident of Ross County, Ohio, this union being blessed by the birth of three children — Charles W., Henry M. and Dana B. Mrs. W. still resides in the pleasant home so thoughtfully pro- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 647 vided by her husband. By his death, which occurred Feb. 5, 1881, his wife was bereft of an honored and affectionate husband, and his children of a kind and indulgent father, and the entire community of a generous and Loble citizen. He was a member of Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M. His two eldest sons, Frank C. and Fred M., succeed their father in his business, and it is their desire to carry out the plans laid out by him. They are young men of industry and integrity, and to a degree maintain the confidence of the people which their father had borne. Frank C. is, in connection with his other business, station agent and operator for the C, W. & B. R. R. at Canaanville. He was mar- ried, Oct. 21, 1881, to Libbie Smith, daughter of Ezra and Rebecca Smith, of Amestown. They have one daughter, Mertie Morrell. Fred M. gives his whole attention to the management of their busi- ness, and is also Township Treasurer, which office he fills with entire satisfaction to the people who placed him there. Hadley H. Wickham, farmer and stock-raiser, Canaan Town- ship, was born in Rome Township, Athens County, April 9, 1842, and is the oldest son of Warren W. and Harriet (James) Wick- ham, and grandson of John Wickham, who was a soldier in the war of 1812, and a great-grandson of Joseph Wickham, who was forced to enter the British army during the Revolutionary War, hut at the first opportunity left it and joined the American army. Our subject was reared on his father's farm, and received his early education in the common schools. At the breaking out of the late civil war he was among the first to answer the appeal "to arms, " enlisting, Aug. 3, 1SP.2, in Company A, Ninety-second ( >hio Infantry. He went to Kanawha, thence by steamer to Ten- nessee, after which he participated in many hard-fought battles, viz.: Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, and Rocky Face, Ga.- In the first-named battle he received a wound which disabled him for several weeks, and was again severely wounded Feb. 25, 1864, at Rocky Face, in the left arm, which dis. abled him from active duty for about three months. May 24 of the same year he returned to his regiment, and passed through the Atlanta campaign to Atlanta, Ga., thence with General Sher- man to Savannah, Ga. He was engaged in the last battle with Johnston, in North Carolina, on the 19th of March, 1865, and was mastered out of the service June 11, 1865. After receiving an honorable discharge he returned to Athens County and attended school for a time, and then engaged in teaching school and farming 648 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. until 1870. He then became engaged in the mercantile business at Mineral City, which he continued till 1878, when he purchased his present home, a fine farm containing 250 acres of well-improved land. He was married Sept. 16, 1869, to K. E. Broadnell, a na- tive of Cincinnati, Ohio. Mr. Wickham is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278; also of the G. A. R., Co- lumbus Golden Post, No. 89, of Athens. He is a member of the Universalist church, and is always ready to lend his aid to any laudable enterprise which will be of benefit to the public. He carries with him the respect of the entire community, and is num- bered among its leading men. Politically Mr. Wickham is a staunch Republican, and takes a great interest in all the political issues of the day. Frederick C. Wyatt, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Ames Township, Aug. 14, 1823, and is the son of John and Emily (Car- penter) Wyatt. His father came from Pennsylvania when he was eleven years of age, about 1803, when there were very few in- habitants to aid in the development of the county, and bear the hardships incident to an early settler's life. Our subject was reared on his father's farm, and remained with his parents till he reached his majority. He then came to Canaan Township and located on the farm where he now resides. He received his early education in the common schools. He was married in September, 1848, to Polly Smith, a daughter of Nicholas Smith, a resident of Athens County. By this union there were twelve children, nine of whom are living — John, Nicholas (deceased), Frederick, Joshua (de- ceased), William H., Charles, Alice, Barnard, Drnsilla, Ruth A., Herbert E. and Beatrice B. (deceased). Mr. Wyatt has a fine farm containing 146 acres of improved land. He has erected a very pleasant residence and substantial farm buildings. He lias been enabled, through his industry, to accumulate a handsome property, which he uses in surrounding himself and family with the comforts of life. He has held the office of Township Trustee for several years. Near the close of the late civil war he enlisted for the one-hundred-days' service in Company A, One Hundred and Forty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and went into West Virginia. At the close of his term of enlistment, and after receiving an hon- orable discharge, he returned to his home. Joshua Wyatt, deceased, was born in Ames Township, Sept. 26, 1825, and was the son of John and Emily (Carpenter) Wyatt. Our subject was reared on his father's farm, and remained with his HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 649 parents until he was twenty-two years of age. His father then gave him the farm, on which he resided until Ids death, and he began life for himself. He was married ISTov. 2, 1848, to Hannah M. Phillips, daughter of Ezra Phillips. She was born Jan. 16, 1829. By this union there were three children, only one of whom still survives — Emily (deceased), Ezra (deceased), and Lucy A. Mr. Wyatt, at the breaking out of the late liebellion, enlisted in the One Hundred and Forty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry for the one-hundred-days' service. He died June 2, 1870, and his wife was bereft of an honored and affectionate husband and his children a kind and indulgent parent. Mrs. Wyatt resides on the home- stead. She has a fine farm containing 102 acres of well-improved land, on which she has a very pleasant residence which her hus- band provided during his life. He was a man of excellent character, and always gladly used his accumulated means in pro- viding the comforts of life for his family, in which he always took a great interest. CHAPTER XXIII. TliOY TOWNSHIP— SOME HISTORY OF COLONIAL TIMES. Historic — Lord Dunmore's March — His Camp — 1774 to 1798 — Advance in Population — Dismembered — Early Settlers — Township Officers — Coolville — Its Rise and Progress — Its Surroundings — Churches, Schools and Mills — Business Inter- ests — Lodges and Societies — Hocktngport — Its Local History — Torch Condensed — Biographical. somewhat historic. It was in the latter part of the eighteenth century that Troy Township was first settled. It was, like the most of Athens County, the property of the Ohio Company. There is no doubt that it was one of the favorite spots of the Indian, for from its position at the mouth of one river and on the banks of another, the beautiful Ohio, it was undoubtedly a well-frequented region. For a hundred years, at least many scores, before the pale taces made it their home, the light bark canoe floated upon the waters of the Hockhocking, gliding swiftly and silently down its rippling waters to the deeper and more quiet bosom of the majestic Ohio. It was in the year 1798 that a company of emigrants, numbering forty persons, left their New England homes and westward found their way until they reached Belpre, and the following year, 1799, arrived and settled in Troy Township, or a part of what now con- stitutes its boundary. Among those who constituted some of the members of the party were Eleazier Washburn, the Noahs, Cyrus and Xerxes Faulk, Horace Parsons and Ephraim Frost; Xerxes Paulk and Horace Parsons were Baptist preachers, and the latter was pastor of the first Baptist church in the township for some thirty years. lord dunmore's camp. While the first settlements of a permanent nature were made in 1798 and 1799, the tread of armed men had been heard within its boundaries nearly a quarter of a century before. Lord Dunmore, (650) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 651 who made his campaign against the Indians in 1774, traversed this township on his line of march. He had also built a fort at the mouth of the Hocking River in the same year, and when the per- manent settlers of 1798-'99 came, many relics were found proving that he had camped at least one night, if not more, within the lim- its of Troy Township. The cam ping ground had the appearance of an old field, and numerous articles, such as hatchets, bullets, gun- barrels and an old sword, etc., were plowed up within this space,, grown up then with underbrush. Several of these mementoes of early history were preserved for a long time, the sword finding a resting place in the College Museum at Athens. ORIGINALLY AND AT PRESENT. Troy, as its boundaries were originally defined by the County Commissioners at their first meeting, comprised the territory which now constitutes the townships of Orange and Olive in Meigs County, and Rome, Cartilage and Troy in Athens County. At that time the Hocking River was the dividing line between Athens and Washington counties, but by an act of the Legislature passed Feb. 18, 1807, the portion of township No. 5, range 11 (now Troy), lying east of the river was detached from Washington and added to Athens County. The formation of Carthage Township in 1810, and of Rome in 1811, and the erection of Meigs County in 1S19, taking off two townships, reduced Troy to its present limits. The population of the township in 1820 was 511; in 1830 it was 459; in L840 it was 1,056; in 1850 it was 1,421; in 1860 it was 1,747; in 1870 it was 1,830, and in 1880 the census gave 1,858. The first election of township officers was held in 1805 at the house of Ebenezer Buckingham. Stephen Buckingham was township lister for that year. These men were the founders of the Buckingham family, which became celebrated for wealth and social influence. Troy has increased but a trifle in many years. She has been shorn of the best of her estate in an agricultural point of view, by the division of her territory. From 1820 to 1860 she continued to hold her own with other townships, but since that time has not been even benefited by the natural increase, having really gained but 112 in population in twenty years. This is not a showing that will suggest pride either in the present or probable future of the township. Rome Township being stricken off from Troy in 1811 took with it many of the prominent early settlers, as Asahel Cooley, Levi 652 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Stedman, Daniel Stewart, and others. Kingman Dutton, father of Samuel Dutton, settled at the mouth of the Hocking with his fam- ily in 1806. At that time there were only two roads in the town- ship: one passed through the center, running from Bel pre to Chillicothe, the ferry of which was kept about two and a half miles above the present site of Coolville by Xerxes Paulk; and another from Bel pre down the Ohio to the mouth of the Hocking, thence by the ridge (through Carthage Township) to Athens. About 1815 a road was laid out from the mouth of the Hocking up the eastern bank of the river to Federal Creek, where it intersected the Federal Creek road from the Ames settlement. At this early period the great majority of the emigrants to Athens County used to come down the Ohio to the mouth of the Hocking, and then ascend that river in pirogues or canoes. Kingman Dutton kept a number of these craft, and he and his son carried on the business of conveying emi- grants and their goods up the Hocking. Abram Brookhart settled in Troy in 1811, and was Township Trustee for several years; Jo- nas Smith, who came in 1810, was Township Trustee for several terms; Silas Blizzard and Martin Griffin came in 1810. The town- ship records prior to 1837 are lost. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 1837. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Jesse Deny and Samuel Dut- ton; Clerk, Isaac A. Dinsmore, Treasurer, R. B. Blair; Justice of the Peace, John Pratt. 183S. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Jesse Derry and Samuel Dutton; Clerk, Isaac A. Dinsmore; Treasurer, R. B. Blair; Justice of the Peace, John Pratt. 1839. — Trustees, Nicholas Baker, Jedediah Fuller and Ferdinand Paulk; Clerk, C. F. Devol; Treasurer, R. B. Blair; Justice of the Peace, Roswell Washburn. 1840. — Trustees, Nicholas Baker, Jedediah Fuller and "William Kincade; Clerk, Eps Storey; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, Roswell Washburn. 1841. — Trustees, Nicholas Baker, Samuel Dutton and Heman Cooley; Clerk, Eps Storey; Treasurer, A. C. Wedge; Justice of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs. 1842. — Trustees, Joseph Tucker, Samuel Dutton and William W. Barrows; Clerk, R. H.^Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, Roswell Washburn. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 653- 1843. — Trustees, Josepbus Tucker, Nicholas Baker and John Brookhart; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs. 1844. — Trustees, Josepbus Tucker, Nicholas Baker and John Brookhart; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs. 1845. — Trustees, Samuel Dutton, Nicholas Baker and M. L. Bestow; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, Roswell Washburn. 1846. — Trustees, Josepbus Tucker, Nicholas Baker and Ferdi- nand Paulk; Clerk, R. H. Lord ; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs. 1847. — Trustees, Josepbus Tucker, Nicholas Baker and Samuel Humphrey; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, William F. Pilcher. 1848.— Trustees, J. M. Maxwell, R. M. Wilson and R. K. Bridges; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, William F. Pilcher. 1849. --Trustees, Heman Cooley, Samuel Dutton and Thomas Richardson; Clerk, R. II. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, William F. Pilcher. 1850. — Trustees, R. M. Wilson, Samuel Humphrey and J. M. Maxwell; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justices of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs and William F. Pilcher. 1851. — Trustees, Stephen Warren, Josepbus Tucker and J. M. Maxwell; Clerk, R. II. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justices of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs and Wm. F. Pilcher. 185^. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Josephus Tucker and Samuel Humphrey; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justices of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs and Wm. F. Pilcher. [853. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Josephus Tucker and Samuel Humphrey; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, Jonathan Pussey. 1854. — Trustees, Samuel Dutton, Josephus Tucker and C. Creesy; Clerk, R. H. Lord; Treasurer, John Frame; Justice of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher. l s ~>5. — Trustees, Thomas Richardson, Josephus Tucker and C. Creesy; Clerk, M. L. Bestow; Treasurer, C. W. Waterman; Jus- tiro of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs. L856. — Trustees, S. A. Gibbs, Josephus Tucker and C. Creesy; Clerk, M. L. Bestow; Treasurer, Jefforson Cole; Justice of the- Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs. 654: HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1857. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Josephus Tucker and Thomas Richardson ; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Jus- tice of the Peace, Win. F. Pilcher. 1858. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Josephus Tucker and Thomas Richardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Jus- tice of the Peace, Sylvester A. Gibbs. 1859. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Josephus Tucker and Thomas Richardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Jus- tice of the Peace, Win. F. Pilcher. 1860. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Samuel Humphrey and James T. Morrison; Clerk. John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justice of the Peace, Win. F. Pilcher. 1861. — Trustees, Thomas Richardson, Samuel Humphrey and James T. Morrison; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justice of the Peace, D. P. Scott. 1862. — Trustees, R. K. Bridges, Shephard Humphrey and James T. Morrison; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Jus- tice of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher. 1863. — Trustees, M. L. Bestow, Shephard Humphrey and Thomas Richardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Jus- tice of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher. 1861. — Trustees, John Frame, E. H. Williams and Thomas Rich- ardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justice of the Peace, D. P. Scott. 1865. — Trustees, John Frame, E. H.Williams and F. W.Tipton; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justices of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher and Win. G. Boyd. 1866. — Trustees, Thomas Smith, E. H. Williams and Thomas Richardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Jus- tice of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher and Wm. G. Boyd. 1867. — Trustees, R. F. Parrish, James B. Dutton and Thomas Richardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Jus- tices of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher and Wm. G. Boyd. 1S68. — Trustees, R. F. Parrish, James B. Dutton and Thomas Richardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Jus- tices of the Peace, Win. F. Pilcher and E. W. Johnson. 1S69. — Trustees, C. W. Waterman, R. F.. Parrish and Warren Patten; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justices of the Peace, Win. F. Pilcher and E. W. Johnson. 1870.— Trustees, R. F. Parrish, R. K. Bridges and C. W. Water- man; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justices of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher and E. W. Johnson. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 655 1871.— Trustees, R O. Knowles, C. W. Waterman and R. K. Bridges; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justices of the Peace, E. "W. Johnson and Win. F. Pilch er. 1872. — Trustees, R. K. Bridges, Titus Shotwell and Warren Pat- ten; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justices of the Peace, E. W. Johnson and Wm. F. Pilcher. 1873. — Trustees, Thomas Jones, C. E. Dinsmore and Andrew McAin; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justices of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher and E. W. Johnson. 1874.— Trustees, R K. Bridges, T. Shotwell and C. W. Water- man; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, A. J. Frame; Justices of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher and M. P. Franklin. 1875.— Trustees, G. K. Campbell, C. W. Waterman and Titus Shotwell; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, J. Cole; Justices of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher and M. R Franklin. 1S76.— Trustees, C. W. Waterman, Titus Shotwell and G. K. Campbell; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, J. Cole; Justices of the Peace, Wm. F. Pilcher and M. R Franklin. 1877. — Trustees, R K. Bridges, Ezra Barrows and Seth Russell; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, J. Cole; Justices of the Peace, A. McVicker and F. W. Tipton. 1878.— Trustees, Seth Russell, A. D. Carleton and M. D. Hum- phrey; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, J.Cole; Justices of the Peace, F. W. Tipton and Wm. A. Dinsmore. 1879.— Trustees, Seth Russell, A. D. Carleton and M. D. Hum- phrey; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, J. Cole; Justices of the Peace, F. W. Tipton and Wm. A. Dinsmore. L880.— Trustees, E. H. Parker, F. S. Monahan and D. C. Rich- ardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, J. Cole; Justices of the Peace, W. R. Baker, E. W. Johnson and Wm. A. Dinsmore. 18S1.— Trustees, E. H. Parker, F. S. Monahan and D. C. Rich- ardson; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, J. Cole; Justices of the Peace, W. R. Baker, E. W. Johnson and Wm. A. Dinsmore. 1882.— Trustees, E. II. Parker, D. C. Richardson and John Palmer; Clerk, John Mitchell; Treasurer, J. Cole; Justices of the Peace, E. W. Johnson, Wm. A. Dinsmore and Samuel Fitch. l^ s 3.— Trustees, G. K. Palmer, John Palmer and George Simms; Clerk, John Mitchell; Assessor, George Fox; Treasurer, J. Cole. 656 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. COOLVILLE is in one of the oldest settled portions of Athens County, not quite so rough and broken as is many other portions, but fair to look upon and fertile in production. CooMUe was not laid out until 1818, and there are very few towns in the county that were laid out sooner, Athens and Nelsonville being perhaps the only ones. It is very pleasantly situated upon rising ground, on the banks of the Hocking River, in the midst of a splendid fruit country, but has no railroad communication nearer than two miles. So far this has neither been a detriment to its progress, nor has it been the cause of any very rapid growth. Some four years before the date above given, or in the year 1814, Simeon W. Cooley and his brother Heman settled upon the land upon which the village is located, and in 1818 Simeon W. laid out, or caused to be laid out, the village of Coolville. The village be- came, in those early days, quite a center of trade, and beside the Cooleys there were John Frame, Jedediah Fuller (who made an addition to the village), John Pratt, Waterman Lewis, Reuben Blair, Harley and Loran Lewis, Eleazer and Roswell "Washburn, J. A. Dinsmore, Jabez Ho} 7 t, Alfred Hobbie, M. L. Bestow, Nathan Hatch, Jacob S. Miller, Henry Lord, J. Press and Curtis Sherman. These settlers were nearly all from New England, and the town has much of the appearance and management of some of the old towns of Massachusetts. It still holds its local trade and has steadily progressed in proportion to the increased growth of the township. Its population is now 365. BUSINESS INTERESTS. A. P. Frame, general store; J. A. Palmer & Co., general store; J. Cole & Co., general store; Davis & White, furniture; Taylor & Son, drugs; W. C. Higley, drugs; H. C. Coolej r , groceries; Mrs. and Allie White, millinery; Roberts & Fuller, millinery; Misses Pewthers, millinery; Albert Wedge, shoe store; Joseph Cary, shoe store; Win. Lyons, shoe store; Seth Bailey, hotel; L. L. Lomann T blacksmith; John Knowles, wagon-shop and blacksmith; R. R. Wilson, blacksmith; .George King, tannery; J. M. Tidd, saddlery and harness. The postoffice of Coolville was established in 1822. The Post- masters up tD the present time have been as follows: Jacob S. Miller, from 1822 to '21; Alfred Hobby, from 1821 to '10;. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 657 R B. Blair, from 1840 to '41; Eps Story, from 1841 to '42; James M. Miller, from 1842 to '43; John Pratt, from 1S43 to '57; James K. Davis, from 1857 to '62; Wm. F. Pilcher, from 1862 to '76; Fan- nie Pilcher, from 1876 to '81 ; A. S. Tidd, since 1881. It was made a money-order office in the year 1879, the first order being issued to Mrs. Helen A. Davis, for $3.50, and payable to M. H. Mallory tfe Co., of New York. Up to date over 2,000 orders have been issued. The annual sales of stamps are between $600 and $700. COOLVILLE SEMINARY. The people were anxious to establish a higher grade of instruc- tion than that furnished by the common schools of the day, and this wish culminated in the establishment in 1846 of the Coolville Seminary, which flourished for some twenty years, finally closing its existence in 1865. The school was established by the united efforts of A. S. Tidd, Daniel Boyd, Andrew Dudder, Sherman Pelf and A. C. Wedge, under the auspices of the M. E. church. It afforded an excellent opportunity for the young men of the day to fit themselves for college, and was much patronized by those who intended to enter a professional life. The building since 1866 has been leased to the town for school purposes. Two teach- ers are employed there, and the village has one other school em- ploying one teacher. MILLS. The Cooleys were also the pioneers in the milling business in Troy Township, and the brothers Simeon and Heman erected the first flouring mill with a saw-mill attachment in the township. This mill, or mills, was put up in 1817. It stood until 1882, having been owned in succession by quite a number of persons, and was then torn down and upon its site is erected as fine a mill as can be found in Athens County, and to the extent of its capacity the equal of any. The owners are Jas. T. Morrison, Jas. A. Palmer, Jos. llarknell, John Mitchell and Alexander Fish. The building is a massive one, being 36 x48 in size and 75 feet high in the main building. It has an addition for an engine-room 20 x 30 feet in dimension. The machinery is all of the latest mill- ing patents and has a capacity of 100 barrels of flour every 24 hours. It has five run of burrs, cost $25,000, andjias both water and steam power. 42 658 HISTORY OF HOCKISTO VALLEY. CHURCHES AND SOCIETIES. The Methodist Episcopal Church is one of the oldest religious organizations in the county, dating from 1820. It was in that day in the Marietta circuit, afterward joined to Athens, and is now one of the five which form the present circuit — Coolville, Bethel, Hockingport, Torch and Little Hocking. The present church building is a fine structure, costing $2,000, erected a few years since. The first church was built in 1830, the second in 1855, and was followed by the one above mentioned. It has met with no reverses of moment the past sixty years, having had regular ser- vices and now numbers a membership of fifty. Its present Pastor is the Rev. J. H. McKusky. A flourishing Sunday-school with an enrollment of 130 scholars is connected with the church, under the superintendency of Geo. K.Campbell. The Trustees are Geo. K. Campbell, Jas. A. Palmer, A. C. Wedge, F. W. Wedge and A. S. Tidd. Congregational Church. — This church was established in 1841, but was, up to the year 1859, tributary to the church at Hocking- port, at that time the larger and more influential society. The members erected their first church building at Coolville in ISIS, which was destroyed by fire in 1S54. The Universalists at that time were building a church, but feeling some doubt of their ability to finish, sold it to the Congregationalists and the latter completed it, making a plain but substantial frame church, neatly finished, with a seating capacity of about 200. The Pastors were first, the Rev. L. C. Ford, then in the order named, Revs. C. D. Curtis, F. Bartlett, W. Bay, J. H. Jenkins, A. Brown, C. Mowery and the present Pastor, Rev. T. C. AValker. The church is in a nourishing condition, out of debt, and a membership of seventy. The Camp-Meeting Association of the Marietta District, Methodist Episcopal church, holds its annual meetings about one mile from C lolville, on the road running from the village to the depot. The grounds consist of twenty acres, finely situated on a high piece of ground, with improvements in fences and buildings already to the amount ot $3,500. ' It contains an auditorium, boarding-house, preacher's tent, and a number of private cottages. The Associa- tion was organized in September, 1880, electing D. B. Stewart, of Athens, Shephard Humphrey, G. K. Campbell and J. A. Palmer, of Coolville, L. R. Curtiss, of Little Hocking, and Calvin Lesure, of Belpre, Trustees. This site for holding the meetings was chosen HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 659 for its beauty and convenience of location, a good supply of pure water, and the favorable condition of surrounding- society. The ground has been leased for sixteen years, and is under the control of the trustees. The officers of the Association are: D. B. Stew- art, President; Fratnpton, Yice-President; J. A. Palmer, Secretary; and A. S. Tidd, Treasurer. Annual meetings are held, beginning the third Wednesday in August, lasting three weeks. Coolville Lodge, No. 337, A. F. & A. M., was established Oct., 16, 1861, with the following charter members: W. W. Hurley, W. M. Bancroft, M. L. Bestow, William Mason, Andrew Fisher, Al- pheus Ilayden, John A. Ly tie, D. P. Scott, J. M. Harris, S. Dewey and H. Z. Adams. At the first election the officers were: Master W. W. Hurley; Senior Warden,Wm. M. Bancroft; Junior Warden, M. L. Bestow; Secretary, D. P. Scott. The present officers are; Master, G. W. Harmon; Senior Warden, F. S. Monahan; Junior Warden, J. A. Palmer; Secretary, E. L. Carleton. The member- ' ship at present is about eighty-four. Coolville Lodge, L O. O. F, was organized July 12, 1872. The charter members were: W.J. Griffith, Noble Grand; Edgar Hum- phrey, Vice Grand; W. W. Bay, Secretary; and E W. Johnson, George Simms, W. C. Bay and A. O. Frame. The membership now reaches seventy, the present officers being: John Bailey, Noble Grand; Orin Oakley, Yice Grand; J . E. Hartwell, Secre- tary; G. K. Campbell, Permanent Secretary. The Troy Grange, located at Coolville, was organized and char- tered in May, 1873, the membership at that time numbering sixteen. The original officers were: C. B. Jeffers, Master, and Edward Dud- der, Overseer. The membership now is about twenty-five, the offi- cers being : E. EL Parker, Master, and D. H. Frost, Overseer. Both this and the two preceding societies have separate and nicely furnished halls. HOCKINGPORT. Hockingport is located at the mouth of the Hocking River, on the Ohio River, and is one of the oldest settlements in the county. Charles Devol, E. H. Williams, Samuel Dutton, Sylvester A. Gibbs, Benjamin Huntington, Benjamin Brookhart, David Davis, George William8and Alonzo Williams were among the first settlers. It was formerly, before the coming of the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad, the most important point in the county besides Athens. It was the shipping point for the whole lower half of the Hocking Valley, 660 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and was well known to business men. It is now comparatively a quiet place. The population is now about 150. There are two church organizations, the Methodist Episcopal and the Baptist, both of them very old. There is also a Congrega- tional society, but it holds no services at present. The present business of the town is represented by S. C. White, general store; J. Huntington, grocery; George Simms, hotel and postoffice; Heman Bumgardner, saw-mill; W. G. Boyd, coopering; William Goen, coopering; John Dickerson, coopering; Miss Clara Dutton, millinery; E. G. Franklin, cigar factory. A fine iron bridge was built across the Hocking at this point in 1882, which was never crossed by passengers. It was the finest bridge in the county, the abutments being forty-four feet high, and the bridge itself being 173 feet long. It was supposed to be well put up, but in February, 1883, before it was completed, the stone foundations gave way, unexpectedly, and the bridge sank into the river. It cost $10,781. At the present writing it is being raised' and it will be replaced this year (1883). The Southern Ohio Normal School is located at Hockingport, the building and grounds being owned by the Principal, Professor Charles E. Keyes. The school was formerly known as the Hock- ingport Seminary, but the building having been recently enlarged and improved, and the authorities believing it to be about to enter upon a new career, changed the name to its present one. It has a good library and literary society, and gives instruction in both the common and higher branches, being designed to prepare students for college. Instruction is also given in instrumental and vocal music. The Hockingport Baptist Church was organized in 1875 by Rev. B. M. Stout, assisted by Revs. G. R. Gear, J. W. Riddle and R. W. Malcolm. Its first officers were: Rev. B. M. Stout, Pastor; J. W. White, Clerk; William Gorms and W. B. Spencer, Deacons; J. W. White, William Goens and W. B. Spencer, Trustees; Mrs. Virginia Spencer, Treasurer. The church edifice was built in 1875. It is 30 x 60 feet in size and cost about $1,200. Rev. J. W. Riley succeeded Rev. Mr. Stout as Pastor, and remained two years. At pit sent there is no regular pastor. The membership of the church is seventeen. The present officers are: William Goens, Deacon; J. W. White, Clerk, and Lizzie White, Treasurer. The Union Sun- day-school has a membership of forty, under the superintendency of J. W. White. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 661 The HooMngport Congregational Church was organized by Bev. Lucien Ford, ot the Koine Missionary Society. Mr. Ford held the first services at the house of Douglass Putnam, with an audience ot seventv-five or 100 persons. He preached to this society for some time. The organization of the society at Ooolville reduced the membership here somewhat. The church, which cost $2,000, is now used by Prof. Keyes for his normal school. The Methodist Episcopal Society here is very old — one of the oldest in this part of the State. It now belongs to the circuit com- prising Hockingport, Coolville, Torch, Bethel and Little Hocking. torch. The settlement of Torch is located in the eastern part of Troy Township, and has a population of about seventy-five. It has two stores, kept by William Walden and A. H. Knowles, a blacksmith and wagon shop, and a steam flouring mill, owned by a Mr. Bell. The village has sprung into existence since the railroad was built, and consequently does not boast of the antiquity of Coolville and Hockingport. The postoffice has been established about twenty- five years. biographical. Seth Bailey, born Sept. 9, 1806, on what was then known as Vienna Island, is a son of Seth and Polly (James) Bailey, natives of Massachusetts and Connecticut. In 1790 his parents came to Ohio and located in Washington County, where they both died. His grandfather, Seth Bailey, was a native of England. He was one of the early settlers of Ohio, coming here in 1780. His Grandfather James once owned the islands above Parkersburg, now known as the Bailey and James Islands. Mr. Bailey received Bnch education as those early times afforded, frequently having to take a load of wood five and a half miles to market, return home and walk two miles to school. Until recently Mr. Bailey has lived on a farm. He still owns a fine farm of eighty acres, adjoining the village, and also owns the property known as the Bailey House. In 1833 he married Sarah McLure, of Washington County, Ohio. Mrs. Bailey died in 1835 leaving one daughter— Mary, now Mrs. Martin Athey, of Nebraska. In 1810 Mr. Bailey mar- ried Mary Ann. daughter of John and Nancy (Patterson) Scott, who was born in 1814. Thev have seven children — Nancv and 662 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. teachers in Kansas; Lydia is the wife ol David Sinclair, ot Penn- sylvania; Seth Austin; Julia, widow of J. B. Douglass, is a teacher in Coolville; Alice and Elizabeth (deceased). Mr. and Mr. Bailey are members of the Methodist church. Politically Mr. Bailey is a Republican. Marcus L. Bestow, postoffice Coolville, tanner and currier, a son of Job and Luranah (Curtis) Bestow, was born in Massachusetts in 1805. He learned the trade of a tanner at Pittsfield, Mass., and from there came to Meigs County, Ohio, in 1826, where he lived some four years. From there he came to Coolville, where he has resided since with the exception of some four years. April 5, 1829, he married Fanny D., daughter of Peter and Sally (Haskell) Derry, who was born in Oneida County, N. Y., June 7, 1806. This union has been blessed with five children, three living — Lu- ranah M. (Mrs. A. S. Tidd, died in 1850), Fanny M. (wife of J. M. Tidd), Marcus P., Mary E. (Mrs. Hine, deceased), and M. Augusta. Each of the deceased left two children. Mr. Bestow and wife are members of the Congregational church. Mr. Bestow is also a member of the F. & A. M. fraternity. He is one of the old- est Masons in the United States, having become one in 1826, in Chester Lodge, Meigs County, Ohio. Politically he was an old- line Whig, but now votes the Republican ticket. The son, Mar- cus P., enlisted in the war for the Union and served four years- He was appointed Adjutant on General T. J. Wood's staff, ot the regular army, with the rank of Colonel; he is now a successful attorney in the city of New York. William Bingman, the subject of this sketch, was born March 31, 1831, in Belmont County, Ohio. His boyhood days were spent in farming with his father until he was about nineteen years of age. His education was limited to some extent, there not being schools of any note there at that date. He moved from Bel- mont County to Morgan, where he was married, Dec. 28, 1845, to Susan Coler, a daughter of George E. and Catherine Coler, both deceased. Mr. Bingman is a son of Stephen Bingman, who was born Feb. 28, 1799. His mother was born Nov. 29, 1802. His father died April 5, 1872, and his mother, June 30, 1863. Mr. and Mrs. Bingman are the parents of thirteen children, only seven now living — Stephen T., Wilsey A., William E., Abraham, Strod P., Mary J. (now Mrs. Russell) Lillie B. (now Mrs. Nist) and Susan E. Mr. Bingman was both a farmer and merchant, owning two stores at the time of his death. lie was a man whom everyone looked to HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 663 both for advice and information. He died Dec. 4, 18S2, mourned by all who knew him, and his place as a social citizen and neighbor can never be filled. The Ireland Literary Society, which met in his neighborhood, tendered the bereaved family resolutions of their deepest sympathy, and a copy of the same was printed in the county paper. At his death the county lost a leading business man, and his family a kind and affectionate husband and parent. William George Boyd, cooper, Hockingport, is a son of John and Mary (Murdick) Boyd, natives of Wilmington, Del., where they died. W. G., the oldest of eight children, was born March 11, 1814. He was educated in Wilmington, Del., and learned the trade of a cooper of his father. He lived in Pennsyl- vania about fourteen years, and then moved to Longbottom, Ohio, where he lived three years. In 1861 he came to Hockingport. In 1849 he married Mary Ann, daughter of John and Ann (Boyd) Rowan, natives of Delaware. She was born in Delaware, June 27, 1818. They have lost one child by death. Mrs. Boyd is a member of the Congregational church. Mr. Boyd was an Odd Fellow when he came to Hockingport. Politically he is a Republican. He has been Justice of the Peace three years, and Supervisor of the town- ship. Sherman Brewster, a son of Levi and Lydia Brewster, was born Dec. 19, 1822. He is a descendant of William Brewster, who came over with the Mayflower and landed at Jamestown, Ya. His boyhood days were spent in college in Smyrna, where he com- pleted his course of study at the age of thirteen, coming out with high colors. He immediately came to Washington County, where he went to teaching. Being so young, it was difficult for him to govern a school, although his knowledge of discipline and teach- ing was superior, and his mother, being a teacher in former days, governed the school for him. He afterward made teaching his life-work. Sept. 27, 1851, he was married to Miss Nancy Mc Laughlin, who was born Sept. 27, 1831; a daughter of Davis and Mary N. McLaughlin, who are residents of this county. They had a family of eight children, only live now living — Alice, infant twins and Emma (deceased), Edward, Ella, Henry and Cyrus. Mr. Brewster was a well-respected citizen, and had taught about eighteen terms of school in and about Torch. He died June 3, 1S63. He was a man of superior talent and was respected by all with whom he was associated, both in and out of the 664 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. school-room. We give below some lines written by him on the death of his daughter Emma: "Died in Troy Township, Athens Co., Ohio, March 5, 1862, of measles, Emma, second daughter of Sherman and Nancy Brewster, aged four years, five months and twenty-six days. "A lovely child has gone to sleep, No sounds disturb her sweet repose, She can not hear poor Alice weep ; Nor calm her parents' deeper woes, " The baby's cry and E Iward's call No more demand her watchful care; Between them now there is a wall That none can pass who enter there. " Though far beyond the reach of praise We think of all her goodness now; We think how happy were her days, When health and joy were on her brow. "Our wishes were her only guide, No angry words her tongue did speak, But full of love her life did glide, Until a home she went to seek. " How could a child so young and fair Leave all her dearest friends and kind And pass the vale of dark despair Without one wishful look behind? " Who drew the bow ? Who aimed the dart ? Who raised on high the chastening rod? Who gave the blow that smote the heart And sent our child to dwell with God ? " 'Tis vain to say we will not grieve Because our child has gone to rest; We feel the stroke we did receive, Though she may be forever blest. "Oh, Emma! child of human birth, Though placed in regions far above, Wilt thou forget thy home on earth And all thy parents' care and love? " It would be joy to know but this, That thou, while here, so good and mild, When in a land of heavenly bliss Will never cease to be our child. "And when we all shall meet again Without a sigh, a pain, or care; Where puresl joys forever reign, Then, then thou wilt be happy there, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 665 " Alone with the light of day That path the best of men have trod ; The gate is a straight and narrow way, That leiuleth to the throne of God. " Farewell, dear child! we give thee up, And prostrate fall before his throne ; But as we drink the bitter cup, We wish O, God ! Thy will be done." H. F. Bumgardner, manufacturer and dealer in all kinds of lum- ber, Ilockingport, is a son of Andrew and Esther (Cooley) Bum- Gardner, natives of Virginia and Athens County, Ohio, his father of German and his mother of New England descent. II. F. was born April 20, 1837. He was educated in Ohio, and followed farm- ing till 1875 when he engaged in the mercantile business in this village. Being burned out in 1878 he then bought the saw-mill which he at present runs. In 1861 he married Henrietta, daughter of Milton and Mary (McPherson) Humphrey, natives of Athens County, Ohio, and Indiana. She was born June 26, 1839. Mr. and Mrs. Bumgardner are the parents of nine children, seven liv- ing — Mary Esther, born Dec. 16, 1862, wife of J. L. Hansen, ot Parkersburg, Ya. ; Lucy II., born Dec. 10, 1864; Eose F., born June 2, 1867; Frank H., Oct. 23, 1872; Eugene, Feb. 4, 1875; El- ton, Jan. 31, 1876; Clara Edna, born July 21, 1879. Mr. Bumgard- ner and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Bumgardner is a member of the A. F. & A. M. fraternity. Polit- ically he is a Republican. Geo. K. Campbell, postoffice Coolville, farmer, son of Edward and Margaret CKauffman) Campbell, natives of the North of Ireland and Maryland respectively. His father came to the United States abou?t 1820. He died in 1863, at the age of fifty-eight, in Athens County, Ohio. George K. Campbell was born in Belmont County, Ohio, Dec. 12, 1834. He received a common-school education and has followed farming through life; he now owns 160 acres of good land on sec- tions 30, 31 and 32. In 1859 he married Lois, daughter of He man and Abigail (Covvdrey) Cooley, who was born June 15, 1830. Mr. and Mrs. Campbell are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Campbell is a member of the I. O. O. F. He votes the Republican ticket. He'enlisted in 1862, in Company B, One Hundred and Sixteenth Regiment, and served three years; was in the battles of Winchester and the Shenandoah Valley of 1863, and the battles about Nashville; also in one of the last battles of the war — Ivinston, N. C. He was mustered out at Columbus. Ohio, 66Q HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEr. July 7, 1865, having been through most of the severe service of the Union army. In August, 1864, he'was commissioned Captain and transferred to the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio, and took command of Company E, in that regiment, in which position he remained until the close of the war. Mr. Campbell has always taken a very active part in school matters and has taught for many years. He is considered one of the ablest and best teachers in the county. A. D. Carlton was born Oct. 3, 1841, in Athens County, Ohio, a son of John and Annie (Dinsmore) Carlton. His father was one of the first settlers of the county, and was a very prominent man. When he was about ten years old his parents moved to Coolville, where he attended school until seventeen years of age when he re- turned to the farm. He then went West and remained until 1862, when he enlisted as a private in Company I, One Hundred and Six- teenth Ohio Infantry. He was in the battle of Winchester, where he was taken prisoner and spent fourteen days on Belle island, Va. He was then paroled and walked home from Annapolis, JVId., starting Aug. 6, and arriving Aug. 26 at Coolville. He was afterward in the battles of Cedar Creek, Fort Gregg and several others of less importance. Oct. 10, 1866, he was married to Phoebe Ewers, daughter of Jonathan and Rosana Ewers. They are the parents of six children — Martha L., George E., Anna M., Harry, Ethel and Phoebe J. Mr. Carlton is one of the enterprising farmers of Athens County. He is a member of the Masonic Lodge, No. 337. Pie owns 110 acres of fine farming land located about one mile northeast of Coo'ville. He has held the office of Township Trus- tee two years. Edwin L. Carlton, M. D., P. O. Coolville, son of John and Ann Matilda (Dinsmore) Carlton, natives of New Hampshire, who came to Ohio at an early day and settled in Athens County, was born Nov. 16, 1838, and was reared on a farm. He was educated in Coolville, and in the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, taking his medical course and graduating at the Star- ling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio. In 1865 he began the practice of medicine in Vinton County, but soon returned to Cool- ville, where he has since built up a v"cry successful practice. In March, 1865, he married Martha Ann, daughter of E. H. and Elinda (Frost) Stone. This union has been blessed with seven children — Emma R. , born Dec. 30, 1865; Mary E., born Jan. 10, 1S67; John S., born Aug. 30, 1868; Clara J., born July 6, 1871; Edwin Carl, • HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 667 born Sept. 5, 1873 (deceased); Grace, born June 1, 1875; Kate Ruth, born May 20, 1S79. Mrs. Carlton is a member of the Meth- odist Episcopal church. Dr. Carlton is a member of the A. F. & A. M. fraternity. He votes the Prohibition ticket, and is one of the most respected citizens of Coolville. In 1861 he enlisted in Com- pany K, Thirty-ninth Ohio, Captain Rood. He was with Colonel Groesbeck some time, and was promoted to the Eighth Corps for spilling a lot of whisky, and was afterward detailed to the hospital, where he served the balance of his time; he was discharged in 1864. Jefferson Cole, merchant, P. O. Coolville, son of Nathan and Lavina (Bryan) Cole, natives of New York and Virginia respect- ively. They came to Ohio about 1800, when this State was settled principally by Indians an'd wild animals, locating in Washington County, where they lived some years. Then came to Athens County, where they died, aged eighty-six and eighty-one re- spectively. Jefferson was born in Ohio, Oct. 30, 1826; in early life he followed farming. In ISIS he began a mercantile life, and in lb53 went into business for himself; he has been prosperous and has a tine trade in dry goods, groceries, and everything pertaining to a well-stocked store. During the war Mr. Cole was in the Quar- termaster's Department, and after the war resumed his present business. In 1855 he married Phoebe W., daughter of Reuben Davis. By this union there are three children, two living — Eva L., born June 12, 1S57 (deceased); Elmer, born March 25, 1S63; Minnie, born May 17, 1877. Mrs. Cole is a member of the Pres- byterian church. Mr. Cole votes the Republican ticket and has held the office of Assessor two years. Has been Corporation Treas- urer, and he is now Township Treasurer, which office he has held several years. He is one of the well-to-do and much respected citizens of the county. Mrs. Fanny E. Cooley was born in Carthage Township* Athens Co., Ohio, Aug. 22, 1S28. She was married in 1847 to Leonard Jewett Cooley. He was born Jan. 15, 1821, a son of Heman and Abigail (Cowdry) Cooley. He was educated in Ohio and learned the trade of a carpenter, but soon after bought a farm and followed that vocation till the breaking out. of the civil war. In L862 he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, and died in the hospital at Annapolis, Nov. 9, L864. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cooley — Sarah Jane, burn April 6, 1S50, was married Feb. 28, 1871, to James 668 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY - . Runnion, and resides in Minnesota; Frances Abigail, born May 4, 1853; Moses Elliott, barn May 2, 1855, was married Aug. 19,1879; ■'Heman, born Sept. 10, 1858, was married Oct. 30, 1882, and re- sides in Minnesota. Mrs. Cooley is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. John De Wolf, farmer, is a son of Clement and Nancy (Kasson) DeWolf, natives of Connecticut. His parents moved to Pennsyl- vania and lived some years; then moved to Ohio in 1817. He was a teacher and made that his life-long labor. John was born in Pennsylvania, April 4, 1813. He was educated in Ohio; now owns 100 acres of land on section 33, where he lives. In 1839 he married Harriet, daughter of Jonas and Jerusha (Waterman) Smith, na- tives of New York; they moved to Pennsylvania, and in 1810 moved to Ohio. They followed farming -some time and boating for many years on the Ohio. They died in Ohio. Mrs. De Wolf was born Oct. 6, 1809. This union has been blessed with three children, two living — Amanda, born July 11, 1812, wife of Matthew Humphrey, of Troy; John, born Sept. 14, 1852, married and lives with his parents; one child died in infancy. Mr. De Wolf, politically, is a Republican. William A. Dinsmoor, son of Isaac and Hannah (Little) Dinsmoor, was born Oct. 3,1814, in New Hampshire. His par- ents were natives of New Hampshire and came to Ohio in May, 1834, and located in Lodi Township, Athens County, where they both died. Mr. Dinsmoor's paternal ancestors were originally from Scotland, but settled in Ireland, and at an early day came to America. In 1S34 he went to Western New York, and in 1836 came to .Athens County, where he has sinae lived engaged in farm- ing. Nov. 4, 1838, he married L. L., daughter of William and Laura (Cleveland) Tubbs, and a native of Athens County, born Oct. 17, 1821. They have had seven children, six now living — John C, born Jan. 14, 1840, is deceased; Mary Ann, born July 24, 1841, is the wife of W. L. Saffreed, of West Virginia; Samuel P., born March 8, 1843, is living in Jersey County, 111.; Elizabeth C, born July 6, 1846, is the wife of D. W. Gardner; Theresa J., born May 8, 1851, is a school teacher; Franklin P., born Feb. 21, 1853, is living in Stewart; Rosa L., born June 23, 1857, is the wife of Wm. Pruden, of West Virginia. Mr. Dinsmoor is a member of the Christian Union, and his wife of the Methodist Episcopal church. lie belongs to the Masonic fraternity. Politi- cally he is a Democrat, and has held several of the township of- fices. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 669 A. P. Frame, postoffice Coolville, general merchant, a native ot Athens County, Ohio, born in 1837, is a son of John and Mary Qsesmith) Frame, natives of Pennsylvania and Maine respectively. They came to Ohio at an early day, where John died in 1873. A. P. received a common-school education, and has followed the mer- cantile business. In 1863 he married Eletha, daughter of Thomas and Osee (Slack) Smith. They came to Ohio many years ago and died here. By this union there are four children — Richelieu L., born in 1864; Mary A., born in 1867; Osee I., born in 1869, and Ralph, born in 1876. Mr. and Mrs. Frame are members of the Congregational church. Mr. Frame is a member of the A. F. & A. M. fraternity. He votes the Democratic ticket. He has been very successful in business and carries a stock of everything usually found in a country store. G. W. Fox was born June 19, 1850, in Doddridge County, W. Va., the son of S. H. and Charlotte (Pinnell) Fox. His grand- mother is yet living at the age of 101 years; can see to read with- out spectacles; walked two and a half miles with Mr. Fox last fall without a cane; never took a dose of medicine in her life; only has a few gray hairs in her head; is the mother of eleven children, and her teeth, except one, are as sound as a -dollar. Mr. Fox spent the early part of his life on the farm with his father. When four- teen years old he enlisted in Company C, Sixth West Virginia Infantry, and served about ten months. Dec. 23, 1873, he was married to Miss Emma Mickle, daughter of Andrew and Fannie M. Mickle. They are the parents of four children, but one living — Perry D., who was born Dec. 23, 1878. Mr. Fox came to this county in 1872, settling at Torch, but afterward bought the farm known as the Chambers property, where he now lives. He has fifty-five acres of good land. Although his educational advan- tages were limited, he obtained a good education, and has been one of the most successful teachers of Athens County, having taught twenty-live terms. He is the present Assessor of Troy Township. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., Coolville Lodge, No. 527. Reuben Gill 'dan, farmer, Coolville, is a son of Reuben and Lucy (Frost) Gillilan, natives of Vermont and Ohio respectively. He was born in Orange Township, Meigs Co., Ohio, Jan. 23, is 11. Be has followed farming most of his life, and now owns 166 acres of land where he lives. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany I, Thirty-third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Captain William McKain, and served three years. He was in the battles 670 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. of Perryville, Ky., Stone River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Ringgold, Ga., Resaca and Atlanta, besides numerous skirmishes. He was wounded, and was discharged. In 1866 he married Sarah J., daughter of Abraham and Phebe (Smith) Webster, natives of Ohio. There have been by this marriage six children — Lewis R., born May 22,1867; Seldon E., born March 23, 1869; Winfred, born Aug. 16, 1871; Phebe Alverna, bora Dec. 11,1875; Bertha Eveline, born March 1, 1879; Berton Everet, born Oct. 10, 1881. Mrs. Gillilan is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically Mr. Gillilan is a Democrat. Jesse Green, farmer, postoffice Coolville, son of Benjamin and Martha (La Rew) Green, natives of Indian Creek, Ya., is the sixth of eleven children. He was born in Virginia, and came to Ohio in 1859. His father died in 1862. After coming to Ohio Mr. Green bought a farm of thirty-five acres, where he now lives. In 1853 he married Martha A., daughter of Shelton and Rachel (Hefiin) Smith, natives of Virginia. By this union there are six children, four living — Elijah M., born Nov. 7, 1854, lives in Union County, Ohio; Roxa L., born Nov. 17, 1S56, wife of William Cooper, living in Virginia; Ella J., born March 24, 1862, wife of Carson Lewis, living in Troy Township; Ida M., born July 18, 1865, wife of Luther Tiffany, of Meigs Count} 7 , Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Green are members of the United Brethren church. Politi- cally he is a Republican. In 1862 he enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Sixteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteers, and served three years. He was in several of the severe battles of the war — Winchester, Piedmont, Lynchburg, Richmond and several others; was at Richmond when General Lee surrendered, and was dis- charged at Richmond. J. E. Hartnell, postoffice Coolville, miller, was born March 25, 1851. He is a partner in the new and fine flour-mill built here in 1882. He is a son of Richard and Sarah (Harris) Hartnell, na- tives of Western England. Sarah died when J. E. was one year old. He was educated in England and learned the trade of a miller, which he has since followed. He came to America in the spring of 1872, locating in Gallipolis, Ohio; remained there six months, then went to Charleston, W. Va., and from there to his present home. In 1871 he married Mary Jane, daughter of William and Hannah Hunt, natives of England, where they still live. Mrs. Hartnell was born Dec. 12, 1845, in England. By this union there are three children — Walter Bailey, born June 13, 1872; HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 671 Ida Jane, born Dec. 12, 1873; Minnie Belle, born Oct. 17, 1880. Mrs. Hartnell is a member of the Episcopal church, and Mr. Hartnell of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. lodge. C. II Hays, one of the old residents and survivors of Southern Ohio, moving to this State from the East at the time of Martin Van Bureivs election, and coming to Athens County in 1861, was born in Connecticut in 1791. When the second struggle for inde- pendence seemed to be staring the American people in the face he, like all other brave-hearted Americans, shouldered his gun and marched in the van. He served in the war of 1812 under General Jackson, and now draws a pension on account of disability caused by exposure and servitude in that war. He is now ninety-two j ears of age, and is very feeble. Berhaps before this work comes before the public, he will have passed from time to eternity, but let it be remembered by all who may chance to look on this page that he is one among the very few who are yet living that helped to win our independence and make the nation what she is. C.B. Hitchcock, Coolville, music teacher, vocal and instrumen- tal, is a son of Quartns and Ardelia (Bond) Hitchcock, natives ol Massachusetts, who moved to Ohio in 181:6, and located in Belpre, remaining there some twenty-seven years; then moved to Chester, Meigs County, where they still live. C. B. was born in Hawley, March 16, 1825. He was educated in that State, and took a musi- cal academic course under Mason & Webb. He has made music ins life-long business, teaching in some eight States, and has been very successful as a teacher. Where many have failed he has always met with success. In 1861 he married in Vermont, Fannie A., daughter of Joseph and Tolly (Bowker) Snow, natives of Sand- gate, Bennington Co., Vt. Mr. Snow died in Vermont, and Mrs. Snow is now with her daughter in Ohio. Mrs. Hitchcock was born Nov. -1, 1812. To Mr. and Mrs. Hitchcock have been born three children— Annie M., born May 7, 1866; Herbert R, born Sept. 3, 1S69, and Louie B., born Jan. 27, 1876. Mr. Hitchcock and fam- ily are members of the Congregational church. He votes the Re- publican ticket. Milton Humphrey, son of Jacob and Mary (Spacht) Humphrey, was born in Troy Township, Aug. 31, 1S09. His grandfather came to the United States from England in 1776, landing in Phila- delphia, where he shouted " Glory to God " for being permitted to see a land where he could worship God according to the dictates ol 072 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. his own conscience. He was arrested by the police who thought him crazj 7 , but was soon released. He lived in Pennsylvania a year or two and in 1798 came to Ohio and located on Wolf Creek, but afterward moved to Waterman Hill, Troy Township, where he died in 1829. Jacob was the second son of a family of five chil- dren. He was married in 1804, and had a family of thirteen chil- dren, eleven growing to maturity. His son John was the first child born in the township. Milton is now the oldest native resident ot the township. He at one time owned a section of land, but has given a portion of it to his children, having reserved 240 acres for himself. He was married in 1835 to Mary, daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Forgy) McPherson, who was born Sept. 22, 1S16. Ten children have been born to them — Joseph, born March 24, 1837, is a resident of Hardin County; Henrietta, born Jane 26, 1839, is the wife of Heman Bumgardner; Martha, born Jan. 7, 1842, wife of John G-abert; Pratt, born Oct. 30, 1844, resides in Carthage Township; Marshall, born Feb. 25, 1846, resides on the homestead; George, born May 7, 1848, a resident of Troy; Mary Eliza, born Sept. 29, 1850, is the wife of Edward Doderer, of Meigs County; Lucy Ellen, born Dec. 26, 1854, is the wife of William Price, of Meigs County; Selden, born Jan. 13, 1857, lives in Troy Township, and Albert, born Dec. 12, 1858, lives in Hockingport. Politically Mr. Humphrey is a Republican. R. F. Humphrey, farmer, P. O. Coolville, son of Isaac and Harriet (Sawyer) Humphrey, was born Nov. 5, 1820. He was educated in Ohio. He now owns a farm of 162 acres, on fraction section 19. In January, 1851, he married ;Elizabeth L., daughter of Job and Lydia (Weatherby) Coggeshall, natives of Rhode Island and New Jersey. She was born in Washington County, Ohio, June 18, 1824. By this union there has been six children — Isaac Edward, born Nov. 2, 1851, left home and went to the Western mining region thirteen years ago, and for the last five years nothing has been heard from him; A. O. Wesley, born April 2, 1854, married, and living in Champaign County, Ohio; Nelson, born May 16, 1856; Harvey J., born Oct. 12, 1860; Lydia, born April 14, 1863; Estella Blanche, born Aug. 27, 1867. Mr. Humphrey belongs to the United Brethren church, Scioto Conference; Mrs. H. belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically Mr. Humphrey is a Republican. Cornelius B. Jeffers, farmer, son of Asa P. and Eliza (Jakeway) Jeffers, natives of Pennsylvania, was born in Carthage Township, Aug. 27, 1831. His parents came to Ohio about 1S15. His HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 673 mother died in August, 1869. His grandfather came first to Ohio in 1804, but returned to Pennsylvania and lived some years, then came again to Ohio, where he died at the age of ninety years. Cornelius B. had the privileges of a common-school education. He has settled down to farming, and now occupies ninety acres of fine land on section 31, and has 125 acres in Decatur County, Iowa. In 1857 he married Margaret, daughter of Truman and Elizabeth (Duke) Perfect, natives of Kentucky and Pennsylvania respectively, who came to Ohio in 1805, where they died. By this union there were two children, both deceased. Mrs. Jeffers died June 2, 1860. Dec. 29, 1864, Mr. Jeffers married Margaret, daughter of James and Sarah (Morrow) McCain, natives of Penn- sylvania, who came to Ohio in 1847, where they died in 1857 and 1858. Mrs. Jeffers was born Feb. 28, 1830. By this union there is one child — Charles, born June 16, 1866 (deceased). Mr. and Mrs. Jeffers are members of the Presbyterian church. JMr. Jeffers is a member of the grange. Politically he is a Democrat. Manasseh Jennings, farmer, Coolville, is a son of Jeremiah and Amy (Cams) Jennings, natives of New Jersey, who moved to Jefferson County, Ohio, at an early day. They had a family of nine children, Manasseh being the seventh child. He was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, Dec. 9, 1811. He was educated in Ohio and has followed farming for a livelihood. In 1839 he married Phebe, daughter of John and Betsey Palmer, natives of Pennsyl- vania and New Jersey respectively. Mrs. Jennings was born Oct. 15, 1815. Eight children have been born to them, seven living— Malinda Almira, born Jan. 9, 1841, wife of Wm. Shafer, of Nebraska; Mary Elizabeth, born Dec. 22, 1843, wife of Stephen W. Hull; John R., born Sept. 16, 1844, and was killed at the battle of Chickamauga; Anna Maria, born Oct. 2, 1846, wife of Austin Secoy; Sarah Alma, born Nov. 4, 1848; Margaret Jane, born Jan. 24, 1850, wife of Timothy A. Price, of Meigs County, Ohio; Rachel Emeline. born March 23, 1852, and Hannah Lucinda, born Oct. 16, 1856. Mr. and Mrs. Jennings are members of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Jennings votes the Republican ticket. He owns forty acres of fine land on section 34. W. N. Kennedy was born Feb. 1, 1834, in Wheeling, Va., and \s a son of Susana Kennedy. His father was born in Scotland, and came to this country about 1S15, settling at Pittsburg, where he worked at his trade — that of a silk weaver — many years. Mr. Kennedy spent his early life in a weaving factory. When about twenty years 43 674 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEV. old he went into the grocery business, and two or three years later went to steamboating. In Febrnary, 1865, he enlisted in the war of the Rebellion, serving until its close. He was then engaged in a rolling mill for four or five years, and from there came to the farm where he now lives. May 8, IS 74, he was married to Mrs. Mary J. Branyan, a widow with one child — Frank E. They have no children. Mr. Kennedy owns fifty acres of farming land, and is at present engaged in general farming and stock-raising. Charles E. Keyes, Principal of the Southern Ohio Normal School, P. O. Hockingport, is a son of Edwin and Sibyl (Sargent) Keyes, natives of Ohio and Massachusetts, respectively. His pa- rents were married in Ohio, and settled in Hockingport in 1S58. From thence, in 1860, moved to Tupper's Plains, where his father built a seminary, of which he was the Principal. In 1862 he en. listed in Company B, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, and was elected Captain. He enlisted most of the company him- self, they being largely students. In 1864 he was wounded at the battle of Lynchburg, Va., and died in the hospital there a month later. His wife died May 16, 1879. Charles E. was born in Lau rel Furnace, Ky., Aug. 31, 1855. He was educated at Tupper's Plains Seminary and at Marietta College, Ohio, and since then has been engaged in teaching. For three years he was Superintendent ofBelpre graded schools. Since coming to Hockingport he has built a large and commodious school building for the establishment of the Southern Ohio Normal School. Aug. 24, 1882, he married Mary, daughter of Charles and Mary (Curtis) Cook, natives of Parkersbnrg, Va., and Little Hocking, Washington Co., Ohio. Mrs. Keyes was born in Belpre, Nov. 30, 1855. Mr. and Mrs. Keyes are members of the Congregational church. Mr. Keyes is a member of the I. O. O. F. Politically he is a Republican. C. L. Knowles, a son of William and Sally (Woodward) Knowles, was born Sept. 20, 1833. His father died in 1870, at the age of eighty-one yeans, and his mother in 1871, aged seventy-one years. Mr. Knowles was reared on his father's farm, and received a moderate education in the old-fashioned log school-houses. In May, 1S61, he enlisted in the Thirty-ninth Ohio Infantry, under Captain Rhodes, for three years, and when his time had expired re-enlisted and served till the close of the war, when he was mustered out at Louisville Ky., July 9, 1865. He was in the battles of Atlanta, New Madrid, second battle of Corinth, Savannah, Benton ville, S. C, and several others of less importance. April 22, 186S, he was married to Miss HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 675 S. M. Cole, daughter of John and Mary Cole. Her father is yet living in Washington County, Ohio. Mr. Knowles takes pride in having line stock. He owns a good farm of about 300 acres, and stands in the front rank with the farmers of Athens County. Abner Lewis, farmer and blacksmith, P. O. Frost. His par- ents were Jonathan and Nancy (.Randolph) Lewis. They came to Ohio in 1812, and located in Belmont County, then moved to Mor- gan and then to Athens County, where they died after living to the ripe old age of eighty-three years. Abner was born in Bel- mont County, Ohio, May 2, 1821. He was educated in Ohio, and has followed fanning and blacksmithing. He now owns forty acres of land on section 11, and also works at his trade. During the war he worked one and a half years as Government blacksmith under Gen- eral Rosecrans. In 1842 he married Joanna, daughter of Benja- min and Hannah (Deweese) Grimes. By this union there were five children — Hannah, born April 17, 1813, wife of Benjamin Dailey; Nancy M., born Jan. 14, 1845, wife of John Lewis; George G., born July 2, 1847, married Minerva Goodwin; Amanson, born Nov. 13, 1850, married Elizabeth Black, living in Warren County, Ohio; Joanna T., born March 24,1853, wife of Jacob Kerschen- schlager, of Chillicothe, Ohio. Mrs. Lewis died April 30, 1856. Mr. Lewis married in 1856, Mary Ann, daughter of Shepley and Nancy (Nice) Martin . By this union there were rive children, only one living— Mary, born Aug. 4, 1861, wife of James Robinson, of Madison County, 111. Mrs. Lewis died July 22, 1867, and Mr. Lewis married Mary Ann, daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (II nil) Hart- ley. She was the widow of Benjamin Hart, who died in the army. She had three children— John, born July 25, 1857; Eliza Jane, born April 26, 1860, wife of Charles Thompson; Benjamin Frank- lin, born Nov. 10, 1862. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis have five children- Elizabeth, born Nov. 30, 1868; Edna, born Jan. 14, 1870; Sarah, born March 26, 1873; ,Henry, born May 11, 1875; Eda, born Oct. 8, 1877. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis are members of the Baptist church. Politically he is a Republican. Wofcnnan Lewis, postoffice Coolville, farmer, is a son of Henry and Lovina (Slater) Lewis, natives of Rhode Island and Massachu- setts respectively, who moved. from Berkshire County, Mass., in IS 13, to Belpre, Ohio, and in 1832 moved to Illinois and bought Government land near Quincy, where they died. Waterman was born in Berkshire County, Mass., Feb. 11, 1804, and came to Ohio with his parents. He was educated in Ohio and Parkersburg, Ya. 676 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. He taught school some years, but the most of his life has been spent in farming. He came to Coolville in 1829 and went to work in a store for Charles Devol. A short time after, he and his employer bought out a distillery which they carried on, in connec- tion with the store, about eleven years. In the meantime they bought cattle, taking them to pasture lands the other side of the mountains, and from there driving them each year to Philadel- phia and Baltimore, and sometimes sending a boat-load to New Orleans. After a few years Mr. L. bought his present farm adjoin- ing the village of Coolville, where he has since lived. In March, 1833, he married Matilda, daughter of Caleb and Matilda (Buck- ingham) Cooley, natives of the East, and among the first settlers of Troy Township. She was born Oct. 15, 1813, and died Jan. 31, 18S2 . She was the mother of eight children, three living — Lovina, burn Aug. 11, 1835, now the widow of Charles Nesmith (she has two children — Henry and Carrie); Carson, born Jan. 6, 1851; Mar- tha, born Dec. 27, 1854. Mr. Lewis is a member of the Congre- gational church. He votes the Republican ticket, and has held most of the township offices, faithfully discharging his duty. Two of his daughters, after the age of womanhood, were drowned in the Hocking River only a few rods from his door. He is one of the oldest and most respected citizens of the valley. Samuel Livezey was born July IS, 1802, in Pennsylvania, a son of John and Ann Livezey, who were also natives of that State. His father died Sept. 9, 1834, and his mother, Feb. 24, 1854, aged eighty-six years. When Mr. Livezey was young, he went to Phil- adelphia and learned the tailor's trade, which he followed for about fifteen years, when he returned home and lived with his parents fifteen years, and then moved, in 1840, to Morgan County, Ohio, where he pursued farming until 18B6, when he came to Troy Town- ship. Athens County, where his widow now lives. Sept. 22, 1841, he was married to Rebecca Kind, daughter of James and Rebecca Kind, natives of Pennsylvania, They had a family of nine chil- dren, seven now living — John C, Lewis K., Samuel, Ann (now Mrs. McVeigh), Martha (now Mrs. Chambers), Emma and Sarah. Ames and Thomas S. are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Livezey both have a birthright to the Quaker or Friends church. Elizabeth McKwri, wife of A. J. McKim, deceased. He was a native of Pennsylvania. His father was Andrew and his mother Mary (Edgar) McKim, also natives of Pennsylvania, who moved to Ohio many years ago, where both died. A.J. followed the mer- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 677 can tile business for a livelihood, and was a very successful business man. In 1844 he married Elizabeth, daughter of Peter and Susan (Ridenonr) Hoffman, natives of Maryland, but moving to Athens County, Ohio, in 1840. They had seven children. Mrs. McKim was born in Cumberland, Md., Dec. 21, 1819. Eight children were born to Mr. and Mrs. McKim, two living — Charles, born June 26, 1851, and Frank E., born June 22, 1861. Mr. A. J. McKim died in 1877. Mrs. McKim has a fine property. She is a member of the Congregational church, and a much respected lady. Mrs. Mary L. McKim, born in Athens County, Ohio, April 14, 1819, is the daughter of William and Elizabeth (Boyd) Whiteside, natives of Mercer County, Pa., who came to Ohio in 1812. She was married to Nicholas Edgar McKim April 9, 1835. He was. a na- tive of Butler County, Pa., born Dec. 17, 1811, and a son of Andrew and Mary (Edgar) McKim. He came to Ohio in 1823, but afterward returned to Pittsburg and learned the cabinet-maker's trade, finally locating in Hockingport, where lie died in 1878. Mr. and Mrs. McKim had seven children, only four now living — Andrew Jack- son, born Feb. 19, 1838. is now a Presbyterian clergyman in the city of Mexico; Mary Elizabeth, born Feb. 5, 1840, is the wife of Benj. Hoodman; Olive Frances, born April 3, 184S, is a teacher and living at home; Thomas, born June 22, 1S50, is a Methodist clergyman, located at Strawberry Point, Iowa. One son, now deceased, was a physician, and another a lawyer. John Mitchell, hotel keeper, Coolville, born Feb. 3, 1815, in Allegheny County, Pa., is a son of William and Esther (McNeal) Mitchell, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Ohio about 1820, locating in Jefferson County, and in 1837 moved to Harrison County, where his father died in 1845. He was educated in trie Ohio common schools, and began life as a teacher, which he fol- lowed some fifteen years. He then went to farming and after- ward was in the mercantile business until the breaking out of the Rebellion, locating in Coolville in 1S55. In 1S37 he married Hannah, daughter of John M. and Sarah (Turner) Mor- rison, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Ohio about 1818, and died in this State. Mrs. Mitchell was born in June, 1819. By this union there have been three children — William K, born in 1S40; John N., in 1842; James T., in 1847; all married and in busi- ness in Parkersburg. Mrs. Mitchell died July 12, 1881. Mr. Mitchell and wife were members of the United Presbyterian church. Mr. Mitchell is a member of the A. F. & A. M. fraternitv, and 678 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. votes the Republican ticket. He has held the office of Clerk since 1857, has been Assessor a year, and Justice of the Peace a short time, and has been for many years a notary public. Lafayette Mitchell, farmer, P. O. Coolville, is a son of William and Margaret (Spence) Mitchell, natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio respectively. His father came to Ohio about 1820, where he died in 1865. "His wife died in 1840, and he married, in 1844, Clarissa Webster, who now lives in Meigs County. Lafayette was born in Athens County, Nov. 15, 1830. He was educated in Ohio, and has tajight school most of his life winters, and summers has worked on farms. June 20, 1852, he married Hannah Maria, daughter of Edward and Hannah Maria (Sweet) Lawrence, natives of New Hampshire, who came to Ohio about 1840, and now live in Athens County. Mrs. Mitchell was born Oct. 11, 1835. By this union there have been six children, live living — Ann Maria, born April 26, 1854, wife of Andrew J. Athey, of Clay County, Neb. ; Mary Florence, born July 21, 1859; Arthur Ed- wards, born Sept. 1, 1862; William Elmer, born July 19, 1868; Walter Lawrence, born Aug. 5, 1872 (deceased); Nettie Evern r born Feb. 15, 1880. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. M. is a member of the A. F. & A. M. fraternity. Politically he is a Democrat. Joseph Morrison, farmer, P. O. Coolville, is a son of John and Sarah (Turner) Morrison, natives of Pennsylvania. They came to Jefferson County, Ohio, and from there to Troy Township, where they died in 1875 and 1876. Joseph was born in Pennsyl- vania, Oct. 11, 1815. He has followed boating and farming all his life, and now owns 425 acres of land on fraction section 23, mostly well improved. In 1843 he married Fidelia L., daughter of Jacob and Anna (Paulk) Barrows. She was born Aug. 19, 1822. To them were born ten children, nine living — John M., born Sept. 30, 1844. married and living on the homestead; Sarah, deceased; James T., born Sept. 30, 1848, living in Troy Township; Martha Jane, born April 8, 1S51, wife of Dean Ewers, of Coolville; Henry B., born Feb. 14, 1853; Samantha M., born July 20, 1855, wife of Alonzo Palmer, of Troy Township; Alexander M., born July 8, 1857; Mary A., born Dec. 8, 1860; Douglas, born July 14, 1862, and Delmer F., born March 28, 1865. Politically Mr. Mor- ris* >n is a Democrat. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 679 Montgomery Morrison, farmer, Coolville, is a son of John M. and Sarah (Turner) Morrison, natives of Pennsylvania. They came to Jefferson County, Ohio, about 1815. Montgomery was born in Jefferson County, where he was educated. He has fol- lowed farming most of his life, always living on one. He now owns 220 acres of land on section 11, all under improvement, and an undivided half of 220 acres in Athens Township, also cultivated. In 1818 he married Samantha, daughter of Seneca and Lucy (Parsons) Brown, natives of New York and Ohio, now living in Lodi Township. Mrs. Morrison was born within a half a mile of where she now lives. By this union there were three children, all deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Morrison are members of the Bap- tist church. Politically Mr. Morrison is a Democrat. John M. Parker, farmer, postoffice Hoekingport, is a son ot Thomas and Ann (Bracy) Parker, natives of Pennsylvania. His pa- rents came to Ohio in 1836. John was the second of their eight chil- dren. They lived in Meigs County, where Mrs. Parker died. Mr. P. died in Hockingport, at the house of his son. John M. was born in Beaver County, Penn., Aug. 13,182-1. He came to Ohio when young and was educated here; he followed farming for a time and then learned the trade of a blacksmith, which he fol- lowed for several years. In 1861 he enlisted in Company D, Seventy-fifth Ohio Volunteers, and served three years and forty-five days; was discharged at Jacksonville, Fla., in 1865; was on de- tached service as blacksmith most of the time. On returning home he engaged as a farmer, which occupation he has since fol- lowed, now owning forty acres of land. In January, 1851, he mar- ried Ethelinda, daughter of Craig and Susan (Paulk) Dutton, natives of Virginia and Massachusetts, respectively. They came to Ohio at an early day. Mr. Paulk locating here in 1798. Mr. Dutton was a farmer and died in 1S66. Mrs. Dutton is living in Mr. Parker's family at the advanced age of eighty-nine years. Mrs. Parker was born Dec. is. L826. Mr. and Mrs. Parker are the parents of six children, four living — Charles C, born Oct. 22, 1851; Mary Eunice, born Oct. 3, 1857; Edwin K., born Feb. 29, 1860; Myrta, born Feb. 22, 1866. Thomas Scott and Addison Wilmer are deceased, Mrs. Parker is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Parker is a member of the I. O. O. F. He votes the Republican ticket, and has held several of the township offices, lie takes considerable interest in the cause of education, having several times been a member of the School Board. 680 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Thomas Richardson, farmer, postofficje Frost, the first child ot a family of five children, of Abraham and Vashti (Paulk) Richard- son. His mother was the widow of Mr. Frost when she married Mr. Richardson, and was one of the first settlers in Troy Town- ship, coming here about the year 1800, when Troy Township was very wild and unsettled. Thomas was born on the farm where he now lives and has always made it his home, March 21, 1811. His is a record few other men can show of having lived seventy-two years on one farm, and that the one their parents settled and died" on. The homestead has 100 acres, about 275 acres under good im- provements. Mr. Richardson was married to Miranda, daughter of William and Saloma (Barrows) Frost. Her father is de- ceased, and her mother is perhaps the oldest person living herea- bouts. This union was blessed with ten children, six now living — D. C.,born Feb. 23, 1838, living in Troy Township; Lewis, born Aug. 17, 1839; Olive was a twin, bornApril 12, 1811, wife of Charles Beebe, living in Arkansas; Samaria, born April 22, 1813, wife of Samuel" Splee, of Bel pre; Martha, born April 20, 1845; Harvey T., born Aug. 16, 1817, living on the homestead. The others are de" ceased. Mrs. Richardson died Feb. 10, 1851. Mr. Richardson married in 1857, Emily, daughter of Xerxes and Miranda (Barrows). Paulk. By this union there were two children, both deceased. Mr. Richardson votes the Republican ticket. David Russell is a well-known farmer near Ooolville, Ohio, and with the exception of C. H. Hays, whose sketch is found else- where, is the only survivor of the war of 1812 in Southern Ohio., In 1811 he enlisted in the war under General Harrison and went to New Orleans, where he began his campaign. He was promoted to the rank of First Lieutenant, served as such till the close of the war, when he was mustered out and came home. He was born April 25, 1795, in Pennsylvania. Although he is now eighty-seven years old, his mind is remarkably clear and his power of delivery is more than ordinary. William Scadott was born July 11, 1815, a son of John and Catherine (Wooifield) Scarlott. His father was born in 1781, and died in 1811. Mr. Scarlott's boyhood days were spent on the farm with his father, going to school in the winter until he was about twenty years old, when he turned his attention entirely to farming. In 1851 he moved to the place where he now lives, engaged in farm- ing and stock-raising. He his a good farm of 115 acres. Jan. 21, 1S50, he was married to Miss Anne Noble, daughter of James HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 681 Noble. They have four children — James N., who is now watch on the Helper at Torch, O.; John W., who is on the farm with his father; Mary E.,wife of David Marlo\v,of Virginia, and William E., who is now helping ran a saw-mill. Mr. Scarlett is a strong advo- cate of the temperance cause and is emphatically a Prohibitionist. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. G. B. Simms, hotel-keeper, farmer and Postmaster, Hocking- port, is a son of Oliver and Mary (Simpson) Simms, natives ofVir" ginia, and Corinth, Penobscot Co., Maine. They moved to Meigs Cjuntv,Ohio, in 1817, where they lived till 1852, when they moved to Athens County, where Mr. Simms died in 1S63. G. B. was born in Meigs County, Ohio, Jan. 21, 183S. He was educated in this State and remained on the farm till twenty-six years of age. In 1861 he enlisted in Company K, Thirty-ninth Ohio, and served four years. He was discharged at Camp Denison, in July, 1865; he was train-master and several times shouldered his musket and did duty as a soldier also. After the war he went to the Western Territories — Kansas, Nebraska, Dakota, Nevada, Colorado and New Mexico — spending some two years, then returned to Hocking- port, where he has since resided. In 1875 he married Sarah E. , daughter of Joshua and Mary (Morrison) Safreed, natives of Chester County, Pa., and Jefferson County. Ohio, now living in Hockingport. Mrs. Simms was born in Jefferson County, Ohio , June 25, 1837. They have one child — Delmer Frank, born Feb. 26, 1878. Mr. Simms is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity and votes the Republican ticket. He has held several of the town- ship offices; was appointed Postmaster in 1874 and still holds the office. Joscphus Tucker was born Oct. 24, 1821, in Athens County, and is a son of David and Sas:.n (Austin) Tucker, who emigrated from Virginia. His father died in December, 1846, and his mother in March, 1879. He spent his early days in hard work on the farm and in attending the public school in winter. When seventeen years old he began working by the month. He has worked hard, and has managed well, and at present owns 125 acres of good farm- ing land, and has it well stocked. March 23, 1848, he married Eliza A. Fulton, daughter of Samuel Fulton. They have had eight children, only five now living — Joanna (now Mrs. Goodrich), Zalinda (now Mrs. Mansfield), Mary (now Mrs. Persons), Hala, George W., Elijah, Samuel D, and Charles II. Mr. Tucker has held the office of Township Trustee for four years. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. 682 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Theodore C. Walker, postoffice Coolville, adopted son of James B. Walker, of Wheaton, 111., was born in Michigan, July 29,1839, and was educated at Oberlin, Ohio. He enlisted in 1861, in Battery I, First Regiment, Ohio Light Artillery, and served three years and four months, being in many of the severe battles of the war: second Bull Run, Chancellorsville, Cross Keys, McDow- ell, Fredericksburg, Lookout Mountain, Resaca, and all the princi- pal battles to Atlanta. He refused promotion and went through the war as he enlisted — a fighting private. He was mustered out at CampDenison, Dec. 9, 1864. He went from there to Michigan, and engaged in teaching music and elocution in Grand Traverse College. After this he was elected County Clerk and Register of Deeds of Benzie County, Mich., with only one vote against him. Then he moved to Manistee County, and was Deputy Clerk for six years. After this he had charge of one of the newspaper offices, and was engaged in the abstract and real-estate business. From there he moved to Sandusky, Ohio, where he engaged in a manu- facturing business 3 . He was store-keeper and Private Secretary of the Ohio Reform School for a time, and then went to Virginia, where he began preaching, being ordained at Marietta. He now has charge of the Congregational church at Coolville. In Septem- ber, 1868, he married Mary P., daughter of M. C. and Mary D. (Dunlap) Metcalf. By this union there were four children — Arthur H., born July 12, 1870; Samuel Willis, born 1876; Dean A., bora February, 187S; Mary E., born Jan. 27, 1881. Mrs. Walker died March 9, 1881. Mr. Walker married, June 23, 1882, Emma L., daughter of John J. and Lovina (Ulm) Catt, who was born in Mason, Warren Co., Ohio, May 10, 1855. She is a member of the Disciple church. Mr. Walker votes an independent ticket. William Weatherby, postoffice Coolville, farmer, a son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Kennedy) Weatherby, was born in Washington County, Ohio, Nov. 27, 1819. and was educated in Athens County. He has followed farming and boating all his life. He now owns sixty acres on section 19, where he lives. In 1838 l>e married Elizabeth, daughter of John and Nancy (Armitage) Cole, natives of Pennsylvania. By this union there were four children, three living — Salina, born March 24, 1839 ; John Wesley, born Aug. 17, 1840 ; George Armitage, born July 24, 1845 (deceased) ; and Emily Jane, born Aug. 18, 1849, wife of Augustus Coe, of Nel- sonville. Mrs. Weatherby died June 17, 1850. Mr. Weatherby married, Jan. 29, 1852, Lorania, daughter of James and Deborah HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 683 (Cole) "Weethee. They had a family of fourteen children — George, William, Mary, Clarissa, Charles, Lucinda, Sally, Sylvester, James, Daniel, Lorania, Ann, Caroline and Wallace. Mrs. Weatherby was born Dec. 28, 1831. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Weatherby, two now living — Walter Fremont, born July 28, 1856; Emma, born Nov. 23, 1858. Those deceased are — Arminta Maria, Elza Elwood and Eva Viola. Politically Mr. Weatherby is a Republican. F. W. Wedge, farmer, born in Washington County, Ohio, Sept. 26, 1821, is a son of Ira and Elizabeth (Leach) Wedge, natives of Connecticut, who came to Washington County, Ohio, about 1820. His father died in Washington County and his mother in Coolville, March 17, 1882. He was educated in Ohio, and followed farming till he was about twenty-one years of age; then learned the trade of a carpenter, which he followed several years, building saw-mills, etc. He afterward again began farming, and now owns a farm of 100 acres on sections 30 and 31. He was married in Novem- ber, 1845, to Emily A., daughter of Heman and Abigail (Cow- drey) Cooley. By this union there were five children, three living — Caroline Ellen, born Aug. 21, 1816, wife of A. C. Young, of Amesville, this county; Allie E., born Oct. 29, 1849, wife of J. P. Brawley, of Ames Township; Emma A., born Oct. 1, 1856, is the widow of Charles L. Pewthers. Simeon, Waldo and Ambrose are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Wedge are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Wedge votes the Prohibition ticket. Mrs. Wedge's father and brother built the first flour-mill ever erected at Coolville in 1816, and did the flouring for many miles around. It was torn down about one year ago, and a large new one now oc- cupies the old site. . s S. C. White, merchant, P. O. Hockingport, son of Joseph and Sarah (Hall) White, was born in Wood County, W. Va., March 26, 1823. He was educated in Virginia. His early life was spent as a boatman on the Ohio, where he owned several craft. Since com- ing to Hockingport he has been engaged in the mercantile busi- ness, and now has a well-filled store of dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, hats, caps, hardware, etc. In 1S74 he married Mary Isa- bel, daughter of Joshua and Mary (Morrison) Safreed. She was born Aug. 12, 1841. They have two children— Sarah, born June 10, 1875, and Arthur, born Feb. 3, 1879. Mr. White is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. He votes the Republican ticket. 684 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Mrs. Dorcas Wilson, is the widow of Nathan S. Wilson, who died July 27, 1881. She was born in Harrison County, Ohio, Nov. 3, ]834, and is a daughter of John and Dorcas (Busbee) Ford, natives of Maryland. June 11, 1856, she was married to Alexander, son of John and Hannah (Lyell) Winters, of Pennsylvania. There was one child by this marriage — Aurelius Stanley, born Dec. 21, 1857. Mr. Winters died May 20, 1864, and Mrs. Winters, April 1, 1877, married Charles Green, son of Ebenezer Green. Mr. Green died Aug. 18, 1879, and Mrs. Green married, Feb. 10, 1881, Nathan Spencer Wilson, a native of Washington County, Ohio. He died July 27, 1881. Mrs. Wilson is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. She owns a farm of fifty-five acres on section 33. CHAPTER XXIV. WATERLOO TOWNSHIP— AGRICULTURAL, MINERAL AND STOCK. When Settled — When Organized — Metes and Bounds and Area — Old Settlers — Agriculture a.nd Population — Organi- zation and First Election — Who Elected and Who Voted — All Other Town Officers — Marshfield — Churches — Car- bondale — Mineral City — Biographical. when it was organized. While the territory which composes the township of Waterloo was not organized into a separate township until March, 1826, it was one of early portions settled by the pioneers of those days. Its first settlement dates back just one score of years before it received its memorable name, a name which holds a prominent place in English history, and which a few of her sons, although transplanted to American soil, still remember with a glowing pride. Thus when her people asked for a separate local govern- ment, this name was chosen, and her people in the battle of life have shown the heroic courage of those who fought and won upon its memorable but blood-stained held. METES AND BOUNDS AND AREA. The township is one of the three which lies upon the western line of the county, and is a congressional township in size, being six miles square, and containing 23,040 acres of land. It is bounded on the north by York Township, east by Athens Town- ship, south by Lee Township and Vinton County, and west by Vinton and Hocking counties, and is the central township on the border. Originally, and for the first quarter of a century of its existence, or nearly so, it was a part of Athens Township, and many of its citizens were prominent in the history of Athens County in early times. (685) 686 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. OLD SETTLERS. The township was first permanently settled in the year 1806, and Moses Hewitt was the first to stake his claim and raise his cabin within its limits. His family was soon joined by others, and these came in the order named: Abram Fee, who settled on what was afterward called the Foster place; Ezekiel Robinett, Sr., and Colonel Wm. Lowry. Mr. Lowry's father first settled near Athens in 1797, when William was eighteen years of age. The nearest mill at that time was a floating one at Yienna, eight miles from the mouth of the Kanawha River. The old settlers did not always go that dis- tance, but pounded their corn, if a hand or a horse mill could not be found. Game was abundant and the trusty rifle furnished the meat. AGRICULTURAL AND POPULATION. Waterloo Township cannot be said to be the best agricultural township in the county, yet it has stretches of excellent land where grains and grasses grow most fruitful and luxuriantly. The topog- raphy of the township is hilly, and in many places rough and broken. It is, however, a good stock-raising township, for the hills and ravines make excellent pastures. The hills and broken surface are far from being waste ground, for under their surface lie beds of splendid coal, and although not as yet mined to any great extent, is still there awaiting the pleasure of capital and the brawny arms of the miner. It has exhibited its share of the steady growth of the county since its organization. Its first census was taken in 1830, and its population, 216; in 1840, 741; in 1850, 1,016; in 1860, 1,483; in 1870; 1,695; in 1880, 1,957. The progressive spirit of her people is shown in well-cultivated fields, cozy residences, improved stock, and a general spirit of thrift which is seen on every hand. Waterloo received quite an influx of settlers, among whom were the families of Robert Cotton, Lewis Davis, James Mayhugh, Hugh Boden, Daniel McCoy, Sam- uel Allison, William Johnson and Joseph Johnson. They proved a valuable addition, and came from the counties of Morgan and Muskingum. The first mill was erected in 1801, on Margaret Creek, by John Hewitt. The first grist and saw mill in the township was built by Jo- seph Brookson, and when worn out, some years after, a saw- mill was rebuilt upon the same spot by Nelson Hewitt. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 687 ORGANIZATION AND ELECTIONS. The organization of the township in March, 1826, required the election for township officers, and for that purpose an election was ordered to take place April 3, 1820, and the voting precinct was at the house of Joseph Hewitt. The Judges of the Election were : Abram Fee. Joseph Bullard and Silas Bingham, and Andrew Glass and Pardon C Hewitt were appointed Clerks. From Walker's History the following names of the voters were taken: "William Lowry, James Lowry, Joseph Hewitt, P. C. Hewitt, Ezekiel Robinett, Lemuel Robinett. Nathan Robinett, William Young, William Young, Jr., Silas Bingham, Andrew Glass, Jo- seph C. Martin, Horace Martin, Abram Fee, Joseph Bullard, John Bullard, Samuel Lowry, Jr., Abram Gabriel, Elias Gabriel and Elias Young. The election results were as follows: William Lowry and Jo- seph Hewitt were elected Justices of the Peace; Alexander Young, Elias Gabriel and Silas Bingham, Trustees; Andrew Glass, Clerk; Horace Martin, Treasurer; William Young and Ezekiel Robinett, Overseers of the Poor ; Joseph Lowry and Samuel Lowry, Fence- Viewers; William Young, Nathan Robinett, and John Bullard, Supervisors; William Lowry and Joseph Hewitt, Constables. At this time William Lowry and Joseph Hewitt were the only two Whigs in the township, yet they were both elected Magistrates, showing that party feeling did not enter greatly into the election. The following list gives the principal officers of the township for the succeeding years, the elections being held annually: TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 1827. — Trustees, William Lowry, Elias Gabriel and Silas Ben- jamin; Clerk. Andrew Glass; Treasurer, Horace Martin. 1828. — Trustees, William Lowry, Abram Gabriel and Hezekiah Robinett; Clerk, Elias Gabriel; Treasurer, Lemuel Robinett. L829. — Trustees, William Lowry, Abram Gabriel and Hezekiah Robinett; Clerk, Elias Gabriel; Treasurer, Isaac Pearce. 1830. — Trustees, Willi un Lowry, Abram Gabriel and Hezekiah Robinett; Clerk, William Young; Treasurer, Alexander Young. 1S31. — Trustees, William Lowry, Daniel Lowry and Jeremiah Thompson; Clerk, Samuel Lowry; Treasurer, Wilson Phillips. L832. — Trustees, William Lowry, Daniel Lowry and Jeremiah "Thompson; Clerk, William Handberry; Treasurer, Wilson Phillips. 688 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1833. — Trustees, William Lowry, Daniel Lowry and Jeremiah Thompson; Clerk, William Handberry; Treasurer, Joseph Brooks. 1834. — Trustees, William Lowry, Daniel Lowry and Jeremiah Thompson; Clerk, William Handberry; Treasurer, Joseph Brooks. 1835. — Trustees, William Lowry, William Handberry and Sam- uel Lowry; Clerk, Elijah Lowry; Treasurer, Joseph Brooks. 1836. — Trustees, John Mintun, William Handberry and George Hewitt; Clerk, David G. Benjamin; Treasurer, Daniel Lowry. 1837. — Trustees, John Mintun. William Handberry and Will- iam Lowry; Clerk, David G. Benjamin; Treasurer, Elias Gabriel. 1838.— Trustees, Hugh Laughlin, William Mills and Elias Ga- briel; Clerk, William Johnstone; Treasurer wanting. 183!).— Trustees, Hugh Laughlin, William Mills and Elias Gab- riel; Clerk, R. H. Cotton; Treasurer, Alexander Young. L840. — Trustees, William II mdberry, William Herron and Elias Gabriel; Clerk, K. H. Cotton; Treasurer, Alexander Young. 18-11. — Trustees, William Handberry, Pardon C. Hewitt and Elias Gabriel; Clerk, William Young; Treasurer, Alexander Young. 1842. — Trustees, William Handberry, Pardon C. Hewitt and Elias Gabriel; Clerk, James Holmes; Treasurer, Elijah Lowry. 1843. — Trustees, William Handberry, Simon Elliott and Elias Gabriel; Clerk, James Holmes; Treasurer, Alexander Young. 1 S44. — Trustees, William Handberry, Daniel McCoy and Elias Gabriel; Clerk, James Holmes; Treasurer, Alexander Young. 1845. — Trustees, John Mintun, Simon Elliott and Pardon C. Hewitt; Clerk, W. C. Allen; Treasurer, Alexander Young. I^t6. — Trustees, John Mintun, William Lowry and Pardon C. Hewitt; Clerk, W. C. Allen; Treasurer, Alexander Young. 1847. — Trustees, John Mintun, Hugh Boden and Robert Mc- Neal; Clerk, James Holmes; Treasurer, Alexander Young. 1848. — Trustees, John Mintun, Hugh Boden and John Means; Clerk, W. C. Allen; Treasurer, William Eerron. 1849.— Trustees, Andrew Berron, Robert .MeXe.il and John Means; Clerk, W. C. Allen; Treasurer, William Eerron. L850. — Trustees, Eugh Boden, Robert II. Cotton and John Means; Clerk, W. C. Allen; Treasurer, William Herron. L851. — Trustees, Hugh Boden, Robert H. Cotton and Robert Spear; Clerk, David W. Mintun: Treasurer, William Herron. L852. — Trustees. Eugh Boden, Robert II. Cotton and Joseph MfaNeal; Clerk, David W. Mintun; Treasurer, William Herron. VlfarA' ti&. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 689 1853. — Trustees, Hugh Boden, John Means and Joseph McNeal; Clerk, William C. Allen; Treasurer, William Ilerron. 1854. — Trustees, John MintuD, Samuel Spencer and P. B. AVil- son; Clerk, George Dixon; Treasurer, William Ilerron. 1855. — Trustees, William Lowry, Robert Spear and P. B. Wil- son; Clerk, George Dixon; Treasurer, William Ilerron. 1856. — Trustees, William Lowry, Charles Bun- and Jonathan Mintun; Clerk, Asa Thomas; Treasurer, William Herron. 1857. — Trustees, William Lowry, Charles Burr and P. B. Wil- son; Clerk, George Dixon; Treasurer, William Ilerron. 1858.— Trustees, William Lowry, Charles Burr and P. B. Wil- son; Clerk, Bingham Goodrich; Treasurer, Hugh Boden. 1859. — Trustees, Robert H. Cotton, William Swaim and Sam- uel Cagg; Clerk, Bingham Goodrich; Treasurer, Hugh Boden. 1860. — Trustees, Robert II. Cotton, William Swaim and Sam- uel Cagg; Clerk, S. C. Teeters; Treasurer, Hugh Boden. 1861. — Trustees, Moses Gabriel, William Swaim and Samuel Cagg; Clerk, A. G. Patterson; Treasurer, Hugh Boden. 1862. — Trustees, Moses Gabriel, William Swaim and Samuel Cagg; Clerk, John Nichols; Treasurer, Hugh Boden. 1863. — Trustees, Moses Gabriel, William Swaim and Peter Beckter; Clerk, John Nichols; Treasurer, Thomas Withers. l v <;4. — Trustees, James Boden, William Swaim and Richard Dowler; Clerk, A. G. Robinett; Treasurer, Thomas Withers. L865. — Trustees, James Bell, James Mayhugh and Moses Ken- nard; Clerk, Marcus L. Griswold; Treasurer, Nelson Squires. 1S66. — Trustees, James Bell, Daniel McCoy and Joseph Mc- Neal; Clerk. H. C. Wilson; Treasurer, A. G. Patterson. 1867.— Trustees, T. J. Allison, Abraham Martin and Joseph McNeal; Clerk, Lafayette Hawk; Treasurer, A. G. Patterson. 1868.- Trustees, Samuel Cagg, E. II. Phillips and Richard Inns; Clerk, J. B. Miller; Treasurer, A. G. Patterson; Assessor, CM. Carman; Constables, H. C. Wilson and Joshua King; Jus- tice of the Peace, L. P. Armstrong. 1869.— Trustees, W. C. Foster, P. B. Wilson and Richard Inns; Clerk, M. L. Griswold; Treasurer, F. A. McVay; Assessor, C. M. Carman; Constables; II. C. Wilson, and G. II. Harper; Justice of the Peace, Robert McNeal. 1870.— Trustees, Richard Inns, Samuel Cagg and E. II. Phillips; Clerk, M. L. Griswold; Treasurer, F. A. McVay; Assessor, J. T. Dickerson; Constables, L. M. Holmes and S. T. Allen. 44 690 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1871.— Trustees, S. D. King, A. Condon and E. H. Phillips; Clerk, Levi Hunter; Treasurer, William Herron; Assessor, J. T. Dickerson; Constables, Elihu Cox and John Maxwell. 1872.— Trustees, J. A. Armstrong, P. B. Wilson and C. M. Car- man: Clerk, M. L. Griswold; Treasurer, James Love; Assessor, J. D. Dickerson; Constable?, Elihu Cox and S. R. Lowry. 1873.— Trustees, P. B. Wilson, L. D. King and E. H. Phillips; Clerk, JVL L. Griswold; Treasurer, James Love; Assessor, J. T. Dickerson; Constables, S. R. Lowry and D. Mayhugh; Justice of the Peace, Daniel Hester. 1874.— Trustees, E. II. Phillips, T. J. Allison and R. McNeal; Clerk, M. L. Griswold; Treasurer, James Love. 1875.— Trustees, E. II. Phillips, Robert McNeal and T. J. Alli- son; Clerk, M. L. Griswold; Treasurer, James Love; Assessor, J. T. Dickerson; Constables, C. Y. Lewellyn and J. D. Cox; Justice of the Peace, John Boden. 1876.— Trustees, E. H. Phillips, T. J. Allison and R mert McNeal; Clerk, II. II. Williams; Treasurer, James Love; Assessor, C. M. Carman; Constables, E. W. Gilbert and S. R. Lowry. 1877. — Trustees, E. H. Phillips, A. Condon and John Young; Clerk, M. L. Griswold; Treasurer, James Love; Constables, S. R. Lowry and E. W. Gilbert. 1878. — Trustees, R. C. Harper, Sunuel Cagg and John Young; Clerk, C. Y. Lowellyn; Treasurer, John Boden; Assessor, Robert McNeal; Constables, S. R. Lowry and John Shaffer; Justice of the Peace, John Boden . 1879. — Trustees, John Young, E. Jones and E. H. Phillips; Clerk, L. Y. Pickens; Treasurer, John Boden; Assessor, J. M. Swaim; Constables, John Shaffer and G. S. Clendenning; Justice of the Peace, Daniel Hester. 1*80.— Trustees, P. B. Wilson, E. T. D.ivis, and John Young; Clerk, M. L. Griswold; Treasurer, John Boden; Assessor, S. R Lowry; Constables, G. W. Ely and II. W. Sayles. 1**1.— Trustees, P.B.Wilson, P.Jones, and A.Condon; Clerk, M. L. Griswold; Treasurer, Leander Stright; Assessor, S. K Lnwn ; Constables, G. W. Ivy and J. N. McNeal. 1882.— Trustees, E. Vickers, A. Condon andC. C. Pierce; Clerk. AY G. Galligher; Treasurer, John Boden; Assessor, John Young; Constables, Samuel Might and William McCoy; Justice of the Peace, Daniel Bester. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 691 1883. — Trustees, P. B. Wilson, C. C. Pierce and P. Jones; Clerk, II. Fuller; Assessor, S. K. Lowry; Treasurer, L. Stright; Con- stables, J. M. Stewart and John Kennard. MAESHFIELD. The village of Marshfield is in the central portion of the town- ship, on the C, W. & B. Railroad, and about seven miles from Athens. It has a population of about 250. The following are the business firms of the village: William McPherson, general store; Joseph Kaler, general store; W. G. Gallagher & Co., drugs and groceries; L. Stright cV Son, tannery. The postoffice was established in 1859, since which time the fol- lowing have officiated as Postmasters. Hugh Boden, 1859 till 1865; A. G.Patterson, 1865 to 1866; David Mayhugh, 1866 till L867; James Mayhugh, 1867; F. A. McYay, 1867 to*1870. M. L. Griswold was appointed in 1S70, and is the present incumbent. CHUKCHI.-. There are three churches, the Methodist Episcopal, Protestant Methodist, and the Christian, all holding regular services. Christ/."/' Church. — In 1870 a few earnest spirits united in the work of organizing a church, and their names were: T. J. Allison, J. M.'Swaim, Daniel Conkey, Marcus Griswold, II. W. Hewitt and a few others whose names were not remembered. They erected a neat and substantial place of worship, in connection with the A. F. & A. M., whose lodge-room is over the church. Their pres- ent able and efficient Pastor is the Rev. George Van Pelt. The church was dedicated Oct. 18, 1870. The dedication sermon was preached by the Rev. S. II. Bingman, as Pastor. The membership at the organization numbered forty, and the present membership is 125. Since its organization there has been connected with the church 300 members. Tli- Methodist Protestant Church was erected in the year 1860, and dedicated in November of that year by its Pastor, Rev. Will- iam Bawden. The membership at organization in I860 was sev- enty, and the present membership fifty-two. The Pastor at this time is the Rev. D. G. Shirer, and the church is at this time grow- _ 692 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The Methodist Episcopal Church, was organized in 1869, by quite a number belonging to that denomination, who had hereto- fore acted without that unity so desirable in church progress. The first members were: Prof. Miller and wife, Norman McLeod, wife and daughter, Alexander Shulis and wife, Joseph McPherson and wife, William McPherson and wife, and Byron McVay and wife. Soon after the organization steps were taken to erect a place of worship, which was completed the same year. Their first Pastor was the Rev. -Dickson, who did much to encourage its prog- ress. The present Pastor is Rev. C. D. Nichols. There are at this time twenty-eight members. Constitution Lodge, No. 426, A. F. d? A. M. y was chartered Oct. 20, 1869, the first meeting under dispensation having been held Feb. 22, 1869. The charter members were: William Golden, F. A. McVay, James Love, H. M. Cotton, R. C. Harper, William McPherson, David Mayhugh and E. B. Pickett. Of this number two are dead — F. A. McVay and E. B. Pickett. The lodge owns a nice hall, and is in a prosperous condition. Ninety-five have joined the lodge since organization. The present officers are: J. Boden, W. M. ; F. M. Barker, S. W. ; W. C. Holmes, J. W.; J. M. Swaim, Treas.;I. N. McCoy, Sec; Elmer Gabriel, S. D.; W. G. Galligher, J. D., and J. M. Stewart, Tyler. CARBONDALE is a nourishing mining village, with a population numbering be- tween 25<» and 300. The coal works were opened in 1S67, and soon after a branch railroad was laid and completed before the end of the year. The coal vein is four feet in thickness. Mining in the neighborhood is in its infancy. These works are said to have been the first opened in Southeastern Ohio. They are operated by Mc- Clintock & Smith. There are two general stores, one owned by P. J. Beckler and the other by the mining company, who employ from 150 to 175 men. They have no church building, but have one school. The postoffice was established in 1S80, and Mr. Charles Smith is still Postmaster. MINERAL CITY is a protege of the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad Company, hav- ing been laid out by them. It has about 150 inhabitants, two stores with general stocks, Mr. E. Vickers owning one, and the other owned by Vorhes, Earhart & Co. There is also a drug store HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 093 owned by Dr. Coleman, who is also a practicing physician. They have one nourishing public school and a postoffice, of which E. Vickers is the Postmaster. The future of the town does not come under the head of Great Expectations, but as it is a great conven- ience the citizens and farmers around are satisfied. BIOGRAPHICAL. T. J. Allison, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Athens County, Ohio, Dec. 24, 1S30, and is the son of William H. and Dor- cas (Gabriel) Allison. Mr. Allison was a native of Maryland, coming to Ohio when young, and settled in Jefferson County. In 1S3T he moved to Morgan County and shortly after to Athens, where he remained for about three years, and then came to Water- loo Township, where he resided until 1864, with the exception of three years, daring which time he was engaged as a stone mason in Athens. While a resident of this township he was engaged in farming and sheep-raising, in which he was very successful. In 1864 he went to Chillicothe, Ross Co., Ohio, where he became en- gaged in wool-buying, in which he was generally very successful, but at one time was a heavy loser by the "Boston tire," as he had a large amount of wool there. His loss amounted to about $60,000, from which he partially recovered before his death, which occurred in August, 18S0. Our subject was reared on the farm and re- mained with his parents until he reached his majority. He was married Oct. 2, 1859, to Miss Elizabeth A. Huron, a daughter of William Huron, a resident of this township. They were the par- ents of eleven children, ten still living — Arthur M., Mary L., Net- tie M., William L., Ida A., Dorcas L., William H., Nora Z., Abbie G. and Sadie. Mr. Allison's farm contains 270 acres of well- improved land, on which he has erected a pleasant residence. Dur- ing the wool season he deals largely in the commodity. He has held at three different times the office of Township Trustee, and his administration has ever been satisfactory to the people. He is a member of Constitution Lodge, No. 426, A. F. & A. M.,in which he has held the office of Treasurer at] three different times. Mr. and Mrs. Allison are active and consistent members of the Chris- tian church, he being one of the Elders, and also Sabbath-school Superintendent, an organization in which he takes a great interest. Politically he is a staunch Republican. He is one of the Directors of the County Infirmary, in which capacity he has served for three terms. 694 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. John Boden, station agent, M. & C. R. R., Marshfield, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, March 21, 1837. and is the son of Hugh and Ellen (Elliot) Boden, who came to Athens County in 1S40 and located on a farm about one mile from Marshfield, where they remained until 1856. Mr. Boden was at this time appointed station agent for the M. & C. R. R. at this point, being the first agent after the completion of the road. He held several offices of trust — County Commissioner, Township Treasurer and Justice of the Peace for several years each. He was a member of the A. F. & A. M., Paramuthia Lodge, No. 25. He and his wife were both members of the Protestant Methodist church. Our subject was reared on the farm and remained with his parents until he was twenty-seven } T ears of age. In 1861 he came to Marshfield and became engaged in the mercantile business, in which he continued for four years meeting with fair success, and on his father leaving he was appointed to his position as station agent. He was married Sept. 28, 1858, to Miss Malvina Gabriel, daughter of Elias Gabriel, one of the early pioneers of the township. By this union there were five children, four of whom still survive — Orland G., Elza E. (deceased), Mary E., George and Lafayette O. Ashe deserves, the people have confidence in him and have given him several offices of trust. He has been Township Treasurer four years and Justice of the Peace eight years. In 1SS1, on the opening of the Children's Home of this county, he was appointed one of its Trus- tees. His performance of these duties have given credit to himself and honor to his constituents. He is a member of Constitu- tion Lodge, No. 426, A. F. & A. M.; Athens Chapter, No. 39, and Commandery No. 15. He is at present Master of his lodge, which office he has held for six years. Mr. Boden is unassuming in his manners, gentlemanly and courteous in his connection with others, and is highly respected by all. Mrs. Boden is a member of the Protestant Methodist church. George W. Ear/tart, of Vorhes, Earhart & Co., merchants, Mineral P. O., was born in Lee Township, Athens County, June 24. 1856, and is the son of Dr. John and Ruth (McVey) Earhart. lie received his early education in the common schools and completed it in the academy at Albany and in Holbrook's Normal Institute at Lebanon, Ohio. In 1879 he entered the store of Vorhes Bros, at Albany, as a clerk, and continued with them for two years. The following year he was engaged with S. K. Hibbard in the same ca- pacity. He purchased an interest in the store of W. II. Vorhes HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 695 at Mineral, in which he still continues. lie and his partner are young men of sterling qualities, and by their strict attention to the business receive, as they deserve, the confidence of the community about them and a liberal patronage. Mr. Earhart was married Sept. 27, 1880, to Miss Mary Hibbard, daughter of Henry Hib- bard, a resident of Athens Township. They have one child — John Douglas. Roheit G. Harper, farmer, local preacher and Elder in the Meth- odist Episcopal church, was born in Athens Township, Sept. 16, 1823. lie was reared on a farm, and his early education was ac- quired by a limited attendance in the common schools. His re- ligious life began when he was seven years old. He united with the Methodist Episcopal church at the age of sixteen under the labors of Samuel Mattox, and has ever aimed to follow his teach- ings. He always took an active part in church matters, and has for the last thirty-five years been a preacher of the gospel. During this time he has taken over 1,100 persons into the church, and has preached over 1,300 funeral sermons. One year he preached seven over an average of one per day for the entire year. He is the owner of a fine farm containing 150 acres of improved land, on which are substantial buildings. He was married June 20, lS-ii, to Miss Catherine Six, daughter of George Six, a resident of Waterloo Township. Seven children were born to them, three still living — Leo (deceased), Vinton (deceased), Isador F., Serepta F. (de- ceased^, Henderson (deceased), Mary E. and William W. He married his present wife April 4, 1S67. She was Maria Caldwell, daughter of James and Maria Caldwell, residents of Pickaway County, Ohio. They have two children — Hubert C. and Amanda M. Mr. Harper is a member of the A. F. & A. M., being a charter member of Constitution Lodge, jNTo. 426, located at Marsh- field. I. Jy. McCoy, school-teacher, was born in Waterloo Township, Nov. 10, 1^47, and is the son of Daniel and Eve (Enlow) McCoy, natives of Washington County, Pa., who came to Athens County in 1836, and located in this township, where they remained until their death. They were both active members of the Methodist Episcopal church and were ever mindful of the wants of others and friends of the deserving poor. Mr. McCoy was politically a staunch Republican. Our subject was reared on his father's farm, and received his early education in the common schools and com- pleted it at the Ohio University at Athens. As a teacher he has 696 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. been very successful, always gaining the confidence of the pupils and the respect of their parents. He married Carrie, the youngest daughter of John Clutter, of Athens Township. This union was blessed by the birth of two children — Myrtle A. and Don Hadley. By the death of his wife, Oct. 22, 1ST9, Mr. McCoy was bereft of an af- fectionate companion, and the children of a loYing mother. During the late civil war, when only seventeen years of age, he enlisted, Feb. 26, 1864, in Company C, Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, and went from Marietta, Ohio, where they were mustered in, to Chattanooga, Tenn., and there joined the army of General Thomas, and about May 1 was transferred to West Virginia, and was 'on the famous Lynchburg raid, participating in the battle of Lynchburg; was mustered out at Wheeling, W. Va., July 27, 1S65, and returned to his native home. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Constitution Lodge, .No. 426, being the first to ap- ply for membership after it received its charter. He, at the pres- ent time, holds the office of Secretary. j5! H. Phillips, farmer and stock-raiser, son of E. V. and Tacy (Hopkins) Phillips, was born in Ames Township, Aug. 27, 1824. His father came to Athens County in 180S, and located in Ames Township, where he remained till his death, Aug. 21, 1859. His mother now resides in New England, Eome Township, and has reached the advanced age of seventy-six years. Our subject remained with his parents until he was twenty-two years of age. He learned the shoemaker's trade of his father, and worked with him in the shop and on the farm most of the time during his mi- nority. At the age of twenty-two he began business for himself in the shop at home. A year later he purchased the property now known as Dunbar's Hotel, and in connection with his trade carried on the hotel business for three or four years. He then went to Rome Township and purchased a farm near New England. After living here about twelve years he sold out and went to Alexander Township and purchased the Pntterson farm, and resided there about two years. He then moved to Waterloo Township, on to the farm where he now resides. His farm contains 355 acres ot well-improved land. Mr. Phillips is an excellent farmer, and has been enabled to accumulate a handsome property. He has held the office of Township Trustee for nine years, to the satisfaction of his constituents. Politically he is a Democrat, and was one of the first of his party to be elected to office in the township after the war. lie is a man of liberal ideas, and is ever willing to lend his HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 697 aid to forward any laudable enterprise. lie was married April 10, 1850, to Miss Allinda Breyfogle, a daughter of George Breyfogle, a resident of Canaan Township. By this union there were nine children — Augusta M., Franklin P., George E., Alice A., John E. (deceased), Lizzie T., Lucy M., Lena A. and William T. Henry Smith, carpenter, Marshfield, was born in Washington County, Pa., Nov. 10, 1S00, the son of William and Catherine Smith. His parents came to Ohio in 1812, and located in what is now Morgan County, it being at that time unorganized and in its natural state — a dense wilderness. Here they remained until their death. Our subject was reared on the farm and at the age of nine- teen became apprenticed to a carpenter, and spent two years in learning the trade. After this he went to work on his own account, and has followed his trade the greater part of his life. He was married in 1818 to Miss Mary Collins. They had five children — Louisa, Jackson M., Leander, William (deceased), and John. His wife died in 1S63, and he was again married March 1, 1S65, to .Mrs. Catherine Pierce, widow of Andrew M. C. Pierce. She had a family of eight children, three of whom are now living — Sarah V. (deceased), William S., Georgiana M. C, Susan J. (deceased), Manfred (deceased), M. Olivia, Sarah P. (deceased), Andrew M. (deceased). Mr. Smith came to Athens County in 1847 and lo- cated in Bern Township, where he resided till 1860, when he moved to Amesville and was engaged in the grocery business, in which he continued until 1881. He then came to Marshfield, and is now keeping the Swaim Hotel. Mrs. Smith is a member of the Pres- byterian church. Leander Stright, tanner and currier, Marshfield, born in Mercer County, Pa., June 6, 1SJ35, is the son of Young K. and Kachel (Scott) Stright. His parents came to Ohio in 1853 and located in Vinton County, where they resided two or three years, then came to Lee Township, Athens County, and remained five years. From this place they went to Harrison County, Iowa, where their father died. The mother now resides in Henry County, Mo., and has reached the advanced age of seventy-four years. When sixteen years of age, Mr. Stright became apprenticed to a tanner and currier and served four years. . Mr. Stright came to Ohio in 1855, and purchased a tannery at Ilebbardsville, where he resided until I860, then moved to Albany and car- ried on the same business for three years. In 1863 he came to Marshfield and purchased the property he now owns. During the 098 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. late civil war he enlisted, May 25, 1862, in Company H, Eighty - seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, forming at Camp Chase, Co- lumbus, where they were mustered into the service. He went with his regiment to Baltimore, Md., and from there to Harper's Ferry. His company was sent from here to Knowland Ferry, to inter- cept General Lee. After being out on a skirmish for several daj-s, returned to Harper's Ferry, where they were all captured by the rebels, but were fortunately paroled the following day and returned to their friends at Frederick City, Md., and thence via Philadelphia to Delaware, O., where they were mustered out. He now carries on the business of a tanner and currier at Marshfield, where he does a thriving business. He was married Oct. 1, 1855, to Miss Catherine J. Fox. They have had seven children, five of whom are still living — Elizabeth A. (deceased), Mary E., Hiram B. r Janet A., Florence J., Cora (deceased), and Mabel Lee. Mr. Stright has always taken an active interest in the matter of edu- cation and music, and is ever among the foremost to forward any enterprise that will be of benefit to the community. He is a mem- ber of Constitution Lodge, No. 426, A. F. & A. M. Mr. and Mrs. Stright are consistent members of the Presbyterian church. J. 31. Sicaim, farmer, son of William and Susan (Culberson) Swaim, was born May 5, 1831, in Athens County, in what is now Vinton County. He was reared on the farm and remained with his parents until thirty years of age, and was afforded only a com- mon-school education. He was married Oct. 9, 1851, to Miss Mary Grimm, a daughter of Thomas Grimm, a resident of this county. They are the parents of seven children — Thomas A., William E., Diantha E., Susan A., James F., John M. and Fay M. He has a fine farm containing 200 acres of improved land, well adapted to the raising of stock and grain, on which he has erected a pleasant and commodious 'residence. He has by his industry been enabled to accumulate a property sufficient to surround himself and family with the comforts of life. In 1879 he was elected to the office of Township Assessor, which he filled with credit. lie is a member of the A. F. A: A. M., Constitution Lodge, No. 426, in which he has held several offices. Mr. and Mrs. Swaim are members of the ( 'hristian church, he having united when he was nineteen years of age. Elijah VlcJcers, merchant. Mineral City, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, April 30, L828, and is the son of Thomas and Hannah (Harmar) Vickers, who came from Pennsylvania to Ohio HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 690 and located in Belmont County at an early day. In 1840 they moved to Washington County, where they resided until Mrs. Ticker's death. Mr. Vickers then sold out, and after remaining with his children for a short time '.vent to Iowa, where he now resides, having reached the advanced age of ninety -two years. The subject of this sketch was reared and remained with his parents on the farm until he reached his majority, receiving his education in the common schools. He was married, Oct. 30, 1849, to Miss Letitia McGirr, daughter of Alexander McGirr, a resident of Washington County, Ohio. By this union there were four children, only two of whom are now living — Sylvester (deceased), Alexander (deceased), Arthur and Ethel L. His eldest son was killed by light- ning while at work in the field near the house, when the storm seemed as yet to be in the distance, the sky overhead being per- fectly clear. After his marriage Mr. Vickers continued farming in Washington County until I860, when he went to Marietta and lived for one year. In 1801 he came to Athens County and located at Big Run Station, on the old line of the M. & C. R. R., where he became engaged in the mercantile business, in which he continued until 1872. He then went to Guysville and carried on the same business until 1876. He at this time moved to the farm now owned by H. II. Wickham, in Canaan Township, where he remained for one year; then went back to Guysville and remained till 1S78, when he came to Mineral City. On coming here he again entered upon a mercantile life, in which he still continues, receiving, as he deserves, a liberal share of the public patron- age. He was bereft of his wife Sept. 19, 1S76, after a lingering illness of about nine months. He was again married Nov. 27, 1879, to Margaret A. Alexander, a resident of Muskingum County, Ohio. She is a lady of pleasant manners and refinement. His aim through life has ever been to be temperate in everything, and a consistent Christian. W. II. Vor/ies, ofVorhes, Earhart & Co., merchants, Mineral P. ( >.. was born in Lee Township, Athens County, Aug. 13, 1S52, and is the son of Albert and Elizabeth (Morse) Vorhes. He remained with his parents until he reached his majority, and received his early education in the common schools, completing it in the acad- emy at Albany. During his minority he was engaged in assisting his father in the store at Albany. On reaching his majority he pur- chased ah interest with his brother in their father's business, in 700 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. which he continued three years, meeting with good success. He then sold out his interest and was engaged in fanning and dealing in stock one year. The following year he clerked in the store at Albany, and the next year went to Kansas, where he purchased a ranch and was engaged in sheep-raising until the following Jan- uary. He returned to Ohio, May 1, 1S80, and built the store which he now occupies, and filled it with a line of general merchandise. He was married May 10, 1874, to Miss Ollie Whaley, daughter of John Whaley, a resident of Lee Township. They have one son — Arthur B. CHAPTER XXV. BERN TOWNSHIP— FERTILE SOIL, MINERAL WEALTH, MATERIAL PROGRESS, Location and Extent of Domain — Metes and Bounds — From the Records — List of Township Officials — Some of the Early Settlers — Mineral Deposits — Transportation only Needed — Churches — Cemeteries — Schools and Material Prosperity — Biographical. its location and extent of domain. This townshp lies in the extreme northeast corner of Athens County, is six miles from north to south, and five miles from east to west, and contains only thirty sections of land, or 19,200 acres, the eastern tier of sections having been set off to Washington County in 1807. The general nature of the county is hilly and broken, yet a large portion of its land cannot be surpassed for fer- tility. It is well watered by Federal Creek and Sharp's Fork, both of which traverse it from north to south, and there are several smaller creeks which flow into them. Besides these there are in- numerable springs all over the township. 'The township has been exclusively settled by farmers and stock- raisers, there being no town or village within its borders, and as yet it has no postofhee — probably accounted for by its ample ac- commodations through postoffices in its borders. metes and bounds. It is bounded on the north by Morgan County, on the east by "Washington County, on the south by Rome Township, and on the west by Ames. It was originally included in Ames Township and was not separately organized till 1828, consequently much of its early history will be found in connection with that township. FROM the records. Bern was set off from Ames Township by the county commis- sioners March 3, 1828, and the electors were directed to meet at (701) 702 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. the house of John Henry on the first Monday of April to elect township officers. The following is a list of its officers from its or- ganization to the present date inclusive: TRUSTEES. lS2S-'30, John Henry, James Dickey, John Wickham; 1831-'3, John Henry, David James, Jeffrey Buchanan; 1834, Dyar Selby, Sen., John Wickham, J. Dickey; 1S35, W. J. Brown, John Wickham, J. Dickey ; 1836, W. J. Brown, David James, J. Dickey; 1837, Matthew Henry, David James, J. Dickey; 1838, Matthew Henry, David James, Wm. J. Brown; 1839, Matthew Henry, James Dickey, Wm. J. Brown; 1810, J. E. Yore, James Dickey, John Work; 1841, David James, Thornton Swart, John Work; 1S42, David James, James Dickey, Dyar Selby, Jr.; 1843, Joseph McCune, James Dickey, Dyar Selby, Jr. ; 1S44, Joseph McCune, James Dickey, Reuben Hague; 1845, David James, James Dickey, Reuben Hague; 1846, Jesse Carr, Dyar Selby, John Work; 1S47, David Colvin,Robert Henry, Wm. Rardin; 184S, David Colvin, Levi Ellis, Wm. Rardin; 1849, David Colvin, Edward Ginn, Calvin Tracy; 1S50, James Henry, Edward Ginn, J. E. Yore; 1851, Lewis Dille, Reuben Hague, Calvin Tracy; 1852, Lewis Dille, Edward Ginn, Calvin Tracy; 1853, Andrew Ogg, P. W. Lampson, J. E. Yore ; 1854, Andrew Ogg, J. S. King, J. E. Yore; 1855, H. C. Selby, J. S. King, John Whaley; 1856, H. C. Selby, P. W. Lamp- son, David Gilchrist; 1857, David James, Edward Ginn, David Gilchrist; 1858, Levi Rardin, J. M. Smith, George Wyatt ; 1859, Clark Dodds, W. Endicott, George Wyatt ;. 1860, Dyar Selby, W. Endicott, H. T. McCune; 1861, II. C. Selby, W. Endicott, W. W. Wickham ; 1862, Dyar Selby, Thomas Dickson, W. W. Wick- ham ; 1S63, E. Hanson, Thomas Dickson, W. W. Wickham ; 1864, O. Ginbrd, Thomas Dickson, W. Endicott; 1865, Levi Rardin, Thomas Dickson, W. Endicott ; 1S66, H. C. Selby, Thomas Dickson, W. Endicott ; 1867, II. C. Selby, L. Driggs, Elijah Han- son; 1868, S. J. Wells, Elijah White, Elijah Hanson; L869, Elijah Sanson, D. W. Lambert, George E. Henry; 1870, Elijah Hans »n, W. M. Marquis, D. W. Lambert ; 1871, W. Endicott, D. W. Lam- bert, Wm. M. Marquis; L872, W. Endicott, II. T. McCune, Wm. M. Marquis; 1873, Charles Henry, G. II. Moore, G. W. Arm- strong; lS74-'5, Henry Broadwell, George II. Moore, G. W. Armstrong; 187''.. Henry Broadwell, Wm. M. Marquis, G. W. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 703 Armstrong; 1877, A. C. Smith, Wm. M. Marquis, Abner Lam- bert ; 1878, A. C. Smith, John Marquis, Abner Lambert ; 1879, A. C. Smith, Abner Lambert, II. Broadwell; 18S0, A. C. Smith, Charles Henry, Elijah Hanson; 1881, Charles Henry, C. B. Mc- Cune, Elijah Hanson; 18S2, C.B. McCune, J. R. Wickham, Daniel Parkins, Jr.; 1883, J. R. Wickham, Isaac Armstrong, J. A. Mar- quis. JUSTICES OF THE FEACK. L828, Thaddeus Crippen, Wm. T. Brown; 1831, Matthew Henry, Wm. T. Brown; 1834, Levi Ellis. Robert Henry; 1836, David Dille; 1837, Robert Henry; 1839, DyanSelby; 1840, Robert Work; 1841, Calvin Tracy; 1843, John Brawley, P. W. Lampson; 1844, Djar Selby, Jr.; LS46, John Brawley; 1847-'50, Dyar Selby, Jr.; 1852, Philip W. Lampson; 1853, Thomas Bruce; 1854, Elijah Hanson; 1855, P. W. Lampson; 1857, Elijah Hanson; 1858, P. W. Lampson; 1859, Robert Henry (refused to qualify), Seaborn Carr; I860, Aaron Smith; 1S62, Seaborn Carr; 1863, Watson Harris; 1864, W. W. Wickham ; 1866, Watson Harris; 1867, Edwin T. Glazier ; 1868, Hiram C. Selby; 1870, Geo. E. Henry ; 1871, H. C. •Selby; 1873, Geo. E. Henry; 1874, B. C. Pickering ; 1876, Geo. E. Henry; 1877, B. C. Pickering; 1879, Geo. E. Henry; 18S0, H. C. Selby ; 1882, Geo. E. Henry ; 18S3, Elijah Hanson. D. L. Dille has been Township Clerk and Richard Edgerton Treasurer for the past fifteen years. EAELT SETTLERS. Among the early settlers of Bern Township were: John Henry, .i native of Ireland, who came here in 1817; John Wickham, a native of Vermont; David and Daniel James, and Philip W. Lampson settled here in 1820; James Dickey, of Pennsylvania, and of Irish descent, in 1821. These with a few others, perhaps, formed the nucleus of what is now a prosperous and enterprising community, and by hard labor, undergoing trials which the present generation know nothing of, developed what was then a dense wilderness, turning it from its natural state into luxuriant fields of grain and grass, dotted over with pleasant residences and sub- stantial farm buildings. MINERAL DEPOSITS. There are valuable deposits of coal and iron in the township, and when properly developed will become a source of great wealth. 704 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. A railroad by which the coal could be cheaply transported to the different markets is all that is needed to make Bern Township one of the busy coal fields of the Hocking Valley. Such a road is in anticipation, and has been surveyed, running through the town- ship from north to south along the valley of Federal Creek and Sharp's Fork of the same. There also exists an excellent quality of salt water, and in such quantities as would justify its being worked. CHURCHES. Methodist Protestant Valley Church w&& organized in 1 856 with seven charter members, to-wit: John Whaley, Lucy Whaley, David Whaley, Sarah Whaley, Watson Harris, Nancy Harris and Sarah Vanzant. At its organization the Rev. Henry Lawson be- came its first Pastor. The house in which they worship was built the same year of their organization, and the church has been blessed with much good and a large membership, it numbering at one time eighty-six members. Its present membership is twenty- one, and the pastorate is under the charge of Rev. Luman. The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1S56 at the Valley Church, and its original members, twenty in number*, among whom were: Rev. Oren Gifford, Olive Gifford, Ruby Gilford, Peter Ingle and wife, David Gilchrist and wife. Its first Pastor was Elder Clark and its present Pastor the Rev. D. W". Windsor. It has now a membership of about forty, which includes some of the best citizens of the township. United Brethren — Mt. Herman. — This church was organized in 1857. There was formerly an organization of this denomina- tion, but there are only three members left who formed the first members of Mt. llermon church — William Rardin, Rebecca Han- son and Elizabeth Work. The church was built in 1858 and has now a membership of about forty, with Rev. William Burnsworth as its Pastor. Westland Church was organized in 1877 with Rev. E. Robin- son for its first Pastor and about twenty members, among which were: J. Brille and wife, E. White and wife, Robert Brille, Sarah Vanzant, M. Watson and Sarah Funk. Its present membership is about twenty-five, and its Pastor, Rev. Wm. Burnsworth. Mt. Carmel Church was organized by Rev. Phillips, its first Pas- tor, in 1881, with ten members, as follows: Lewis Dille and wife, Alhert^Brooksand wife, F. W. Taylor and wife, Wm. Wanless and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 705 wife, Joseph Harris and Clyde Harris. Its present Pastor is Rev. Wm. Burnswortb. i The Universalists organized a church in 1860, and among the first members were: John Wiekham and wife, T. Crippen and wife. Warner Wiekham and wife, Mrs. Oldcraft and Mrs. Ogg. Its first pastor was Rev. F. Jones, and the pulpit is now occasion- ally supplied by Rev. McMasters, of Marietta. SCHOOLS. There are nine school-houses in this township and the report for winter of 1882-1883 shows a full average attendance and fair prog- ress in all of them. The example set by the citizens of Athens has lecome infectious and educational progress has kept step with advanced civilization. This has made the people intelligent and progressive, and material prosperity has been the result, if Athens Cuunty has shown a great many educated and talented men who have made his'ory, it can be traced to the fact that one of the pillars upon which was reared a temple of pmgre^-sive people was built upon an educational foundation. BIOGRAPHICAL. J'imes Carter, Homer Township, Morgan County, was born in Bedford County, Penn., July 25, 1812, a son of George Carter, who came to Athens Cuunty, Ohio, in 1815 and located in Ames Township, where our subject was reared and educated, living with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married in 1S36 to Elizabeth McDonnald. By this union there were nine children, only three of whom are living — Melissa, George and Elizabeth. He and his wife are members of the Church of the Disciples, lie is an anient worker in the temperance cause. Richard EJ) Deraming, horn in Washington County, July 15, li They have one son — Eeber Eomer, born July 13, 1^77. Mr?. Henry is a member of the Presbyterian church at Amesville. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M.. Amesville Lodge, No. 278. l!e is also a member i f Columbus Golden Post, No. 89, G. A. R. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 7Q9 Captain Robert Henry, deceased, was born of Irish parents in Chester County, Penn., Djc. 11, 1797, and came with his father's family to Newport, Washington Co., Ohio, in 1801, and five years later re n >ve 1 to Warren, four miles below Ilarmer, and in the spring of 1817 came to Athens County, and located in what is now Bern Township, where he assisted his father in clear- ing his land and opening up their frontier home. Having more than an ordinary education he engaged in the winter in teaching school, working on his farm in the summer. He was united in marriage to Lavina Glazier, Nov. 30, 182G, by Judge George Walker. He immediately moved on his farm, where he continued to reside until his death, a period of over fifty-four years. During his life he hel 1 several local offices of trust and resp msibility. He was naturally of a retiring disposition, which prompted him to refuse places of this kind unless tendered him under circumstances that left no doubt in his mind that it was the earnest wish of his friends that he should accept their proffered suffrage. In 1820 he was commissioned by Governor Jeremiah Morrow Captain of the Second Light Infantry Company, First Brigade, Third Di- vision, Militia of Ohio, which office he held until 1S30, when he resigned his commission. In the fall of 1829 he received the appointment as Postmaster at Amesville, being the second Postmaster in that township. In 1834 he was elected Justice of the Peace, which office he held for several years. Mr. Henry and his wife were ardent workers in the cause of Christianity, and united with the Presbyterian church at Amesville, at the time of its organization in 1832. He was very affable, courteous and gen- tlemanly in his intercourse with mankind, and received, as he de- served, the confidence and respect of all who knew him. His wife died Oct. 31, 1857, and he, Jan. 5, 1881, leaving four sons and two daughters and a large number of relatives and friends to mourn his loss. Matht w Henry, deceased, was born in Ireland in October, 1792, as, ,u of John and Rachel Henry, and when he was about six montha of age became with his parents to the United States', and located in Chester County, Penn., where he lived until 1801, when they removed to Ohio anl settled in Newport, Washington County. Five years later they moved to Warren, where they re- sided until August, 1817, when they came to Athens County, settling in what is now Bern Township, where he spent the remainder of his days. He was married Aug. 16, 1817, to Lavinia Proctor, 710 IIISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. who was born in Danvers, Essex Co., Mass., April 12, 1793, and came with her parents to the then Northwestern Territory in the same year and located in Washington County, where she was reared and educated. After their marriage they settled on a part of the tract of land previously purchased by his father, where he set to work clearing his land and improving his home. He followed the avocation of a farmer until his death, and was highly successful. Although he never aspired to publicity he accepted the proffered suffrage of his friends and was elected to many local offices of trust and responsibility, having served as Township Trustee for several years, and Justice of the Peace several years. Mr. Henry and'his wife were active members of the Presbyterian church, having joined at the time of the organization in 1S32. They were the parents of eight children, five still living. Mr. Henry died March 17, 1S65, at the advanced age of seventy-three years, having re- tained the mental and physical vigor of his youth to a remarkable degree. Nov. 23, 1882, his wife followed, at the age of eighty-seven years. Lorenzo Lovell was born in Morgan County, Ohio, July 13, 1840, a son of Thomas E. and a grandson of Thomas S. Lovell, who was prominently identified with the pioneers of the county. Our subject was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools. In 1861 he went to California and engaged in the lumber business in which he met with good success, and returned to Athens County in 1864. He was married Feb. 7, 1867, to Hannah T. Hopkins, of Morgan County. They have three chil- dren — Thomas S., Hannah S., George O. After his return from California he engaged in farming, and raising and dealing in live- stock. His farm contains 26S acres of good land under a high state of cultivation. Charles B. McCune, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Bern Township, Oct. 14, 1843, the fourth son of Samuel McCune. lie was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools, living with his parents until the breaking out of the late civil war, when lie enlisted, in September, 1862, in Company I, Seventh Ohio Cav- alry. He participated in many hard fought battles; among some of the more prominent were the siege of Atlanta and Nashville- Just after they raise! the siege of Atlanta he was taken prisoner. While out gathering feed for the horses the enemy made a charge and took several, and while going toward the enemy's lines our sub- ject started for the woods and hid behind the trees and thus HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 711 escaped, walking six miles without shoe-, hat or coat. He was the < )iil v one who escaped. Three others afterward died in Anderson- ville Prison. He served for three years and at no time was he unable to attend to his duty, although once sent to the hospital but returned to his regiment without orders. He was discharged July 4, 1865, and returned to his native home, where he engaged in the avocation of farming, which he has since followed. He was mar- ried Nov. 29, 1871, to Nannie Marquis, a daughter of William M. Marquis, a native of Noble County. They have two children — ■ Beruice G. and Effie I. He first purchased his present farm in 1871 containing fifty acres, and by strict attention to his pursuits he has added to it from time to time until he has a hue farm of 110 acres of good land under a high state of cultivation, where in 1880 he erected a fine residence. Aaron Ogg was bom in Athens County, Ohio, Oct. 5, 1826. He was reared on a firm and educated in the common 'schools. He was married Sept. 17, 1851, to Theodosia Wickham. Ten children were born to them — William W., Izola, Clarinda, Lucy, Elmer E., Arthur, Lydia, Lindley, Leonard and Charles. Mr. Ogg followed the avocation of farming until the breaking out of the late civil war, when he was among the first to answer to the call for men, and enlisted in August, 1861, in Company B, Fifty- third Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He engaged in the battle of Pitts- burg Landing, when he was taken seriously ill and was uiv.ible for active duty, and received an honorable discharge in November, 18G2, and returned to li is home in Athens County and again en- g iged in farming. He now has a farm of seventy-five acres of good land. He is a member of the Columbus Golden Post, G. A. R.j and also a member of A. F. & A. M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278. Andrew J. Ogg. farmer and stock raiser, was born in Athens County. O^t. 11, 1827, a son of Andrew and Lucy (Wrighf) Ogg, who came to Athens County among the first settlers. Our subject was reared on a farm. When he was about sixteen years of age he began work for himself, working out by the month for John Brown and George Walker for a period often years. Ab nit 1M7 he purchased forty acres of land in Bern Township. He was mar- ried March 23, 1855, to Elizabeth Rithburn. Four sons and one daughter were born to them — David L., Sally A., Andrew L., William X. and Silas F. Mr. Ogg is a self-made man, having accumulated a large property by his own exertion and industry. 712 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. He has a farm of 400 acres of good land, where lie makes a spe- cialty of growing live stock. About 1857 he moved to Morgan County where he resided for about sixteen years, after which he returned to his native county where he has since resided. He is a member of A. F. & A. M., Amesville Lodge, No. 278. Warren W. Selby was born in Washington County, Ohio, Doc. 7, 1822, a son of D. S^lby. When our subject was about twelve years of age he came with his pirents to Bern Township, Athens County, and settled on the farm where he has since lived. He re- ceived his education in the common schools. He was married Jan. 1, 1850, to Emily Garratson, a native of Jefferson County, but a resident of Morgan County. Six children were born to them— Ida E., Susan, J. W., F. M., A. D. and Metta A. Mr. Selby's home contains 300 acres of improved land with a fine brick residence erected in 1867, which with its surroundings has no su- perior in the township. He has one of the finest orchards in the county. Ezra.H. Wolfe was born in Ames Township, Athens Co.. Ohio, Dec. 15, 1833, a son of George P. and Eliza (Walker) Wolfe. He was reared on a farm, and received his education in the common schools, residing with his parents until he was twenty- three years of age, when he went to Lee County, 111., and remained two years. He was married Feb. 26, 1860, to Miss Polly Swett, a daughter of Johnson and Polly Swett, who were among the pio- neers of this county. By this union there are five children — Aldie A., Lolie B., A. O., Lizzie L. and Frank C. After his marriage he remained on the old homestead for ab >ut three years, when he pur- chased a farm of sixty-six acres, which he added to from time to time until it contained 100 acres of improved land, where he resided seven years. In 1871 he purchased the farm where he now lives, in Homer Township, Morgan County. It contains 150 acres of good land, under a high state of cultivation. Mr. Wolfe takes great interest in all the political questions of the day, and casts his suffrage with the Republican p ■irty. J iseph II. Wolfe, Eomer Township, Morgan County, was born in Porter County, Ind., Jan. 22, 1835, a son of Frederick and Mar- gret "Wolfe, who were natives of Ames Township, Athens County. When he was two years of age he came to Athens County with his parents, where he was reared on a farm and received his early edu- cation in the common schools, completing it in the Normal School at Albuiy, Lee Township, Athens Co., Ohio. After leaving rf / '->^/.^/'Z. &L, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 713 school he engaged in farming in the summer and teaching school in winter for about six years. He was married Nov. 1, 1855, to Nancy A. Sayers, a daughter of Stacy Savers, who came to Athens County from Marshall, W. Va., in 1835. They have five children —Stacy F.,Lona II., Nina R., Margie C. and Ettie J. Mr. Wolfe is the owner of 320 acres of improved land. He has been elected to nearly all the local offices in the township. Mrs. Wolfe is a member of the Church of the Disciples. He is a member of A. F. & A. M., Bishopville Lodge. George Wyatt, deceased, was born in Ames To vnship, Athens Co., Ohio, Aug. 21, 1821, the oldest child of John and Emily (Carpenter) Wyatt, and a grandson of Joshua Wyatt, who was prominently identified with the first settlers of Ames Township. lie was reared on a farm and received his education in the schools at Amesville, and bj T strict attention to his study he obtained mere than an ordinary education. He was married Dec. 20, 1842, to Miss DrusillaTedrow, a daughter of Jacob and. Mary Tedrow, who were among the pioneers of Jvjme Township. They had ten clii'.dren, only eight now living — Emily (deceased), Julia A., Chauncey P., Mary J., George E., Nettie L. (deceased), Charles S., Genevieve A., Leonna D., Byron W. Mr. Wyatt came on the farm where his family now lives immediately after his marriage. He and his wife have been members of the Presbyterian church since 1842. Mr. Wyatt was foremost in lending his influence and donating from his own liberal means to every laudable enterprise that would be of interest and benefit to the county in which he resided. Besides caring well for those of his own household, he was not unmindful of the wants of others, and was the means of relieving the wants of many. He died April 9, 1873. rfSS EZf CHAPTER XXVI. CARTHAGE TOWNSHIP— THE BEAUTY OF ITS LANDSCAPE. The Act Wnicn Organized it — Taken From Troy Township in November, 1S19 — Area — Facts and Fiction Combined — Lost Kfcords — Office Holders — The Pioneers — A Panther's Familiarity — First Mill — First Postmaster — Population by Decades — Growth Slow, but Substantial — Churches and Schools — Biographical. the act that made it. Carthage Township was not organ"zed until 1S19, the territory being taken from Troy, and in the records of the Cjunty Com- missioners the following resolution appears: "Nov. 10, 1S19 — Resolved, That all that part of the township of Troy included in township 5, range 12, and the east half of town- ship 4, range 13, be a separate tow. iship by the nun j of Carthage." The township is six miles squire and has 23,040 acres of beauti- ful and fruitful hind. It is bounded on the north by Rome Town- ship, on the east by Troy Township, on the south by Meigs County, and on the west by Lodi Township, an 1 lies in the south tier of sections, and second from the eastern boundary line of the county. It is watered by the east branch of Shade Creek and several others of less magnitude. The surface is somewhat hilly, but of a less rough and rugged nature than some of her sister townships. The soil is of such a nature as to yield to the husbandman excellent crops of grain, and its green hilltops afford the bsst of grazing. which is one of the essentials to successful stock-raising. Thus it is found that land and water, hill and valley, are so united in this township as to combine all the essentials which go to make farm- ing a success. It is therefore not surprising that Carthage Town- ship, with its rich virgin soil, should entice the early settler to lo2ate here and secure the rich lands which produce such abundant returns for the lab >r expen lei. The emigrant " Sjught fresh fountains in a foreign soil, Tne pleasures less'ning the attending toil." (714) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 715 When we take the beauty of its surroundings and the fertility of its soil, there is little more to wish for to the farmer or stock- raiser of Carthage Township, and he would indeed b3 hard to please it", in choosing an agricultural life, the lands of this town- ship did not till the full meed of his desire. Upon the organization of the township the inhabitants were directed to meet on a speci- fied day and elect township officers. The records of the township prior to 1855 have been lost, consequently no list of its early office- holders can be given, but among the first Trustees of the township were Stephen Buckingham, Joseph Guthrie, Francis Caldwell, Alex. Caldwell, Moses Elliott and^B. B. Lotlridge. The first Jus- tice of the Peace in the township was Milton Buckingham, and Joseph Guthrie and Francis Caldwell were among the earliest, als >, who held that office. FIRST SETTLERS. The first known white settler of Carthage Township was Asha- bel Cooley, Sr., who came from near Springfield, Mass., and after traversing the dense wilderness between Muskingum and the Hock- ing, settled in this township in the year 1799, and with the aid of bis grown-np sons sooa prepared a home. lie was a man possessed of great native mental vigor, shrewd business tact, an 1 by his in- dustry an 1 integrity did much toward the advancement of civiliza- tion, and for many years held offices of trust in both township and county. In 1800 came Abram Frost who, with his large family, settled in this township, and in 1801 were joined by Ebenezer Buckingham, Sr., and his brother Stephen. In 1805 came Bernar- dus B. Lottridge, a native of New York. At the time of his coming there was not more than a dozen inhabitants in the town- ship, and the forests were full of their native denizens. A large panther walked into the cabin of Mr. Lottridge one evening and stood before the fire, whereupon Mr. Lottridge seized a large butcher knife and would have attacked him had it not been for the entreaties of his wife; her screams frightened the animal and it soon darted through the door and beat a hasty retreat. These eat y settlers were soon followed by Alex. Caldwell, William Jeffers, Moses, John and James Elliott, James Baker and many others, and the township became generally settled at an early day, all its parts having some attraction- for the pioneer. 716 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. FIRST MILL. The first grist-mill in the township was built by Joseph Guthrie, in 1820, on his farm near the southeast corner of section 6. The power was derived from a small stream which took its name from him and is still known by the name of Guthrie's Creek. Since that time there has been several saw and grist-mills erected in the township, but they have all gone out of existence. There are none in the township at the present time worthy of mention. The business of Carthage is solely agricultural and there is not a village within its limits. It has one postoffbe, established in 1851, called Lottridge postoffiee from its being located in the Lottridge neighborhood. The first Postmaster was Edward Law- rence, who retained the position for many years. POPULATION. As before stated, the township was not organized until 1819, and in 1820 the population was 320. During the following ten years it only increased seventy-five in its population, in 1830 b:ing 395. The next decade it nearly doubled, as the census report of 1840 showed a population of 731. In 1850 it was 1,087; in 1860, 1,127; while in 1870 it was 1,272, and in 1880 it had reached 1,308. It will be seen by these figures that the growth of the population in Carthage Township has been slow, even below what should have been its natural growth, but it has an enterprising, thrifty class of people which gives stability to the community in which they are located. There has been nothing of importance to disturb the se- renity of the people of this township tor many years. With this steady means of population the area of cultivated lands has be- come more extended, and with it those great additions to the prog- ress of civilization and Christianity, schools and churches. CHURCHES. Carthage Township has five churches, as follows: Two Method- ist, one Presbyterian, one United Brethren and one Christian. The Methodists were the pioneers of this township, their society being organized as early as 1812. O.ie of their churches is located in the extreme western part of the township, on section 35. and the other on fraction 2, near tli3 residence of John Law- rence. The Christian church was the next to organize and is lo- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 717 cated in the southern part of the township on section 19. The or- ganization was effected in about 1835, and the United Brethren in about 1810. The Presbyterian Church was organized in 1850 and they have a very neat church located on section 23. The churches in this township are all in a flourishing condition and only need energetic work to extend their usefulness and the greater exercise of their influence for good. With their surroundings they have* a splendid field for labor, and should be fully used to extend their power and tor the good of the churches and for the glory of God. SCHOOLS. The schools of Carthage Township number nine ar.d are all in a condition of progressiveness. In fact, if there is any one tiling that has shown the sound judgment of the people of this township it has been their determined and persevering effort in the cause of education. BIOGRAPHICAL. John Barnhill, born in Jefferson County, Ohio, June 26, 1828, is a son of Robert Barnhill, a native of Ireland, who came to America when quite young. When he was seven years old his parents removed to Coshocton County, where he lived till twenty- one years of age. He then came to Athens County and lived a short time, and then went to Wayne County, 111., returning after three years to Carthage. He was married Feb. 17, 1850, to Mar- garet Swiss, of Carthage Township. They have eight children — Elizabeth C, John W., Burgett, Louisa J., Rosilla, Sarah E., Samuel and Catharine F. Mr. Barnhill received but a limited education in his youth, but by careful observation and study he has acquired a good practical education. He is giving his children the best advantages that the county affords, that they may be fitted to fill any station in life. ■ C. Bason, born in Coshocton County, Ohio, Dec 10, 1834, is a son of Joseph Bason, a native of Pennsylvania, born in 1805, now residing with his son. When he was four years of age his parents moved to Washington County, where he was reared and educated. In 1855 he came to Carthage Township, and in 1860 bought the farm where he now resides. He has 200 acres of well- improved land, with a fine residence and farm buildings. He was married 718 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. March 15, 1360, to Elizabeth J. Alger. Four children were born to them — Joseph, J. M., Esther A. and Sarah Ellen. Mrs. Bason died May 27, 1867. Politically Mr. Bason is a Republican. George Blazer, son of David and Mary (Davis) Blazer, was born in Washington County, Pa., April 16, 1801. When twenty -one years of age he went to Columbiana County, Ohio, and engaged, in coal-mining and in salt works eight years. In October, 1836, he came to Athens County, and settled on what is now known as the old Burson farm. He was for many years engaged in buying and selling land, so has changed his residence a number of times, though the most of the time he has lived in Lodi Township. Since 1878 he has made his home with his son-in-law, William Day. Aug. 12, 1825, he married Susan Moore. They reared a family of eleven children — Cyrus, David, Hiram, James, Mordecai, William* Charles, Harriet, Mary, Sarah A. and Joanna. Six sons and two sons-in-law were in the Union army during the war of the Rebellion. Joseph Caldvjell, deceased, was a native of Pennsylvania, and settled in Carthage Township in an early day, where he improved a good farm. He married Mary Fish, a native of Meigs County, Ohio. They had one child — Mary, who married A. W. Nickeson, of Meigs County, Dec. 8, 1880, and is now living on the old home- stead. They have a fine farm of 240 acres all under a good state of cultivation. Mr. Caldwell died June 16, 1862, aged forty-three years, five months and nine days. William Day, born in Lodi Township, Athens Co., Ohio, April 26, 1838,* is a son of James and Lucy H. (Pearson) Day, his father a native of New Jersey, and his mother of New Hamp- shire. He is the oldest of a family of three sons and one daughter. He was married May 13, 1858, to Sarah A. Blazer, and settled on section 1, Lodi Township, where he lived four years. He then bought the farm on section 25, Carthage Township, where he still resides. He has 215 acres of good land and is engaged in general farming, making a specialty of raising sheep and cattle. Aug. 27. 1S64, he enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Seventy -fourth Ohio Infantry, and was discharged June 28, 1865. He is a mem- ber of the A. F. & A. M. fraternity, at Coolville. James JZHlott, son of Moses Elliott, was born Jan. 22. 1826, in Carthage Township. He resided on the farm where he was born till 1879 when he bought the farm where he now lives. He has 300 acres pf well-improved land, with good buildings. Mr. Elliott has served as Township Clerk fourteen years and Township Treas- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 719 urer twelve years. Jan. 22, 1875. he was appointed Postmaster at Lottridge. He was married April 12, 1855, to Catherine, daugh- ter of Peter and Jane Hammond. They have three children— Ann Jane, born May 10, 1857; Charles Lincoln, July 0, I860, and Rob- ert Grant, Ang. 29, 1S64. J. D. Evans, eon of Hans and Elizabeth Evans, was born Sept. 22, 1837, in Morgan County, Ohio. When he was quite small his parents came to Lodi Township and settled on what is now the Windell Shott farm. When he was eight years of age they moved to Bedford Township, Meigs County, where our subject was reared and educated, spending the greater portion of his early life in farm- ing and milling. May 1, 1864, he enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Forty-first Ohio Infantry. His term of enlistment was short but was distinguished by memorable events in the Shen- andoah Yalley, on the James River, around Petersburg and Rich- mond, in the intrenchments befure Washington and other important service. In the fall of 1870 he came to Athens County and settled on the farm where he now resides. He has ninety acres of good land well improved. He was married March 13, 1862, to Augusta, daughter of S. T. Hull, of Lodi. They have four children — Sam- uel E., Martha J., Hiram and Grove. Politically Mr. Evans is a Republican. Moses Elliott, deceased, was bcrn in County Donegal, Ireland, Feb. 1, 1784, a son of John and Fanny (Blain) Elliott. He came to America in 1819, landing at New York, a r ter being fifteen weeks at sea. He first settled in Washington County, Pa., where he Lived four years, Dec. 5, 1825, he came to Athens County, stop- ping first at Ilockingport, and Dec. 8 came to Carthage. He was married in 1815 to Jane, daughter of James Cuscaden. They reared a family of seven children — John, Mary, Susannah, Eliza Jane, -lames, Frances Ann and Sarah. The two eldest were born in Ire- land, the next three in Washington County, Pa., and the two youngest in Athens County. Mr. Elliot was Justice of the Peace twelve years and Township Clerk and Trustee several years. In religious faith he was a Methodist. Politically he was a Republi- can. He died Dee. 19. 1854. D. G. Frost, born in Lodi Township, Athens Co., Ohio, March 7, 183 1, is a son of Abner and Rachel (Sullivan) Frost. In 1835 or '6 his parents moved to Meigs County, and years after his father went to Wisconsin, where he died, in 1852. D. Q. was edu- cated in the common schools, and when twenty years of age went to 720 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. learn the cabinet-maker's and carpenter's trades, working at the two combined a number of years. July 1, 1855, he married Ruth Ann, daughter of Aaron Stout, a pioneer of Carthage Township. Ang. 12, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Six- teenth Ohio Infantry. The regiment was in the battles of Mnor- field, Winchester, New Market, Piedmont, Lynchburg, Fisher's Hill, Hatches Run, and numerous others. He was discharged June 24, 1865, and returned home. In the spring of 1867 he bought the farm where he now resides. He has 100 acres of good land, which he has improved in a line manner. Mr. and Mrs. F:ost have four children — Clarence, El wood, Albert and Allen. Polit- ically Mr. Frost is a Republican. He has held most of the town- ship office?. He is a member of the Christian church. J. W. Glazier, son of Walter Glazier, was born Jan. 14, 1844, in Athens County, Ohio. Aug. 18, 1862, he enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry; was in the principal battles of the Shenandoah Valley and around Petersburg and Rich- mond; was slightly wounded twice, and was taken prisoner and taken to Belle Isle. Was paroled and exchanged, and came home for a short furlough, then rejoined the regiment at Martinsburg, and was with them till the close of the war, being present at the surrender of Lee's army; was discharged at Richmond, mustered out at Camp Denison, and returned home. May 6, 1868, he mar- ried Mary M., daughter of Seneca and Irena Hatch, of Rome Township. They have two children — Frank W. and Fannie Fern. In 1871 Mr. Glazier moved on his present farm, where he has ninety-seven acres of good land. He is engaged in farming and stock-raising, making a specialty of Alderny cattle. Politically Mr. Glazier is a Republican. Walter Glazier, son of Abel and Sally Glazier, was born July 6, 1S07, in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio. In June, 1831, he married Elizabeth Bolander, of Ross County, Ohio. Seven children were born to them — R. B., Mahala, Laura, Lavinia, James, Mary Jane and Elizabeth. Dec. 21, 1850, Mr. Glazier married Mrs. Laura P. Glazier, daughter of Elijah Hatch, of Athens County. They have three children— Sybil V., E. P. and Addie Rosella. Mr. Glazier came to Carthage Township in 1837, and now owns a farm of 262 acres of fine land. James Hammond, son of Peter and Jane Hammond, was 1>< m Dec. 19, 1826. He received but a limited education, his as-i-t- ance being required on the farm. He lived at home till thirty years of age. April 6, 1864, he married Susan, daughter of II. II. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. _ 721 and Susan Parsons. They have no children, but have adopted James W. Kincaid and Abertha Bursons into their home. They are members of the Presbyterian church, and are among the influ- ential citizens of Carthage Township. Mr. Hammond has a farm of 300 acres, well improved, with a good dwelling and commo- dious barn. John Hammond, born in Jefferson County, Ohio, Oct. 15, 1822, is a son of Peter and Jane (Long) Hammond, natives of Pennsyl- vania, his father of English and German, and his mother of Irish and German descent. He was the third of a family of nine chil- dren — William, Eliza, John, Oliver, James, Mary, Katherine, Margaret and Seth. His early life was spent on a farm, his educa- tion being received in the common schools and by studying at home. In 184:2 he came to Carthage and built a tan house, follow- ing that business six years very successfully. He then bought 100 acres of wild land on section 24, which he cleared and improved, living there till 1865, when he bought the farm where he now lives. He has 242 acres which is well adapted for the raising of stock, in which Mr. Hammond is extensively engaged. He has a fine two-story residence, built in modern style and well furnished. Aug. 28, 1844, he was married to Belinda Caldwell, who died leaving three children — Samantha, Mary and Edward, Oct. 30, 1S67, he married Catharine Caldwell. They have three children — Henry, Bettie J. and James Arthur. Mr. Hammond has held the office of Justice of the Peace six years. D. II. Jones, son of II. B. and Susan Jones, was born July 30, I s 44, the second of a family of eight children, also one of four of the family that served their time out during the war. He enlisted June 0, 1S61, in the war of the Rebellion, in Company C, Third Ohio Infantry; was mustered in the service at Camp Denison, then sent to Virginia under the command of McClellan; was at the battle of Rich Mountain and through the campaign of .Virginia until De- cember, 1861, then transferred to the Western army under General Mitchell's command. In May, 1862, he had his jaw broken in a skir- mish near Governor Clay's farm in Alabama. He was also in a skir- mish in 1862 at Bridgeport; in the battle of Perry villein 1862, receiv- ing a Blight wound, and in the battle of Stone River was wounded in the right side, from the effect of which he has never recovered. Be, with the rest of the regiment, was detailed mounted infantry in Streight's raid through Georgia; during the time was in some severe skirmishes; was taken prisoner with the rest of the com- 46 722 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. mand and taken to Belle Isle, paroled and returned to Camp Chase, Ohio; from there engaged in the Morgan raid through Ohio, then returned to the army, but did only gu trd duty on account of com- manding officers being prisoners. He was discharged June 20, 1804, and returned home. Feb. IS, 1865, he married Miry St. Clair, who died leaving one son, John H. March 25, 1S68, he married Lurena Rogers, daughter of John Rogers, a soldier in the war of 1812. They have three children — Geneva B., William C, and Myrtle A. Mr. Jones owns one of the best farms in the township. He has 100 acres with a two-story residence built in 18S2, and a good barn and farm buildings. Edward Lawrence, son of Moses and Sarah Lawrence, was born in Grafton County, N. H., April 16, 1810. He was the sixth of a family of ten children, three of whom are now living. He was married Jan. 19, 1832, to Maria S.veet, a native of INew Hamp- shire, and five years later he came to Athens County, locating on the farm, where he still resides. It was only partly cleared, but he has improved it, till now he has one of the best farms in the township. He was the first Postmaster of this township, holding the position twenty-four years. He has been Township Trustee two years and Treasurer two years. Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence have four children — Hannah, Nathan, Eiza and Charles. One sod, Arthur, enlisted in Company K, Thirty-ninth Ohio Infantry; was wounded at Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1804, and died Aug. 27, 1864. Mr. Lawrence has been a member of the Methodist church thirty years. Politically he is a Republican. John Lawrence, born May 2, 1808, in Grafton County, IN. H., was a son of Moses and Sarah (Johnson) Lawrence. His early lite was spent on a firm, and he received but a common-school education. In 1837 he started for Athens County, coming with teams; was forty-two days on the road . He settled in Carthage Township on the place where he now lives. It was then a wild, heavy timbered piece of land, but now, through the industry of Mr. Lawrence, it is a fine, well-cultivated farm of 200 acres, with first-class improve- ments. March 20, 1831, Mr. Lawrence married Keziah J. Sweet, of Belknap County, N. II. Tney have five children — Anna, Charles, Mahala, Horace and Mary. A son, "Wesley, enlisted in Com- pany E, One Ilundrei and Seventy-fourth Ohio Infantry, at New- ton, N. C. He was wounded, from the effect of which he died March 14, 1805. Mr. Lawrence has been a member of the Method- ist Episcopal church sixty years. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 723 N. S. Lawrence, son of Edward and Maria (Sweet) Lawrence, was bom in Carthage Township, Jan. 6, 1844. In May, 1864, lie enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Fortieth Ohio Infantry, and was discharged Sept. 3, 1864. Oct. 8, 1867, he married Mar- tha, daughter of Francis and Catharine (Flick) Griffin, of Troy Township. In November, 1867, he moved to the farm where he now resides. He has 186 acres of land under a high state of culti- vation. In 1877 he built a fine two-story residence. Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politi- cally he is a Prohibitionist. Bernardus B. Lottridge, son of Tnomasaud Eiizab2th Lottridge, was born in Rensselaer County, N. Y ., in 1780. When nineteen years of age he married Abigail Bull, and removed to Niagara, where he lived four years. In 1803 he came to Athens County, being among the first settlers, and located on wild land. He improved, with the help of his two sons, 525 acres of heavily timbered land, and at the time of his death was one of the well-to-do citizens of the count}'. Mr. and Mrs. Lottridge's children were — Isaac, John, Caroline, Simon, Emma, Maria, Thomas, Sarah, George, Joseph, Amanda, Catharine and Marcus. Mr. L >tcridge was a member of the Methodist church forty years. J. D. Lottridge, section 3, Carthage Township, was born Jan. 2, L818, the son of B. B. Lottridge, one of the pioneers of this county. Our subject was reared on a farm, and received his education in the common schools. In August, 183S, he married M irgaret Mc- Cleon. Five children were born to them — Geraldine, Ellozine, Caroline (deceased), Josephine V. and William. Mrs. Lottridge died March S, 1S80. May 10, 1881, he married Mrs. Rebecca J. Robertson. She is the mother of one child — Nettie R. Mr. Lott- ridge has a fine farm of 170 acres, all well improved. Simon II Lottridge, the oldest native of Carthage, now living in the township, was born Feb. 3, 1807, son of B. B. and Abigail (Bull) Lottridge. He was married in March, 1829, to Elizabeth, daughter of Ben Coddington, an early settler of Troy Township. .After his marriage he removed to Marietta, Ohio, and remained about a year; then removed to McArthur, which was then in Athens and now Vinton County, where he lived seven years engaged in the wool-carding business. In February, 1838, he returned to the old homestead, where he has since resided. He has a fine farm of 260 acres, all well improved. He has held the office of Justice two terms, Assessor two years, and Township Trustee several years. 724 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Politically he is a Republican. Mr. and Mrs. Lottridge have had eight children, six now living — Catharine, Lydia, Almira and Al- vira (twins), Sarah and May. Abigail and Mary Jane are deceased. Mr. Lottridge is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. G. TV. Lowden, born in Meigs County, Ohio, Feb. 5, 1841, is a son of John and Margaret Lowden, natives of England, who set- tled in Meigs County in 1833. He enlisted in the war of the Re- bellion in the Second West Virginia Cavalry, and served three years and four months; was in the battles of Pottsville, Lewis- burg, Lynchburg, Winchester, Cedar Creek and numerous others; was discharged at Wheeling, W. Va. He married Sarah Lax, of Meigs County, and a daughter of George and Elizabeth Lax. They have five children — Thomas S., Lizzie, John, George and Earl E. One daughter, Annie, died in March, 18S2, aged eight years. Mr. Lowden owns a farm of eighty acres under a good state of culti- vation. Politically he is a Republican. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. C. McNeil, deceased, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, April 29, 1827, the son of Archie McNeil, a native of New York. He was reared a farmer, and received his education in the common schools. He was married Nov. 14, 1S50, to Lydia A. Gleason, of Vinton County. He came to Carthage Township in 1855. Feb. 14, lS65,he enlisted in Company F, One Hundred and Eighty-ninth Ohio Infantry. He died April 15, 1865, leaving a wife and two children — Hiram H. and Perry P. Mr. McNeil was a member of the United Brethren church; a kind husband and father, and a good neighbor, he was respected by all who knew him. Mrs. Mc- Neil still resides on the old farm with her son Perry P., who is a teacher. Eli P. Persons, born Dec. 24, 1827, in Carthage Township, Athens County, Ohio, is a son of Sylvester and Lydia Persons, na- tives of Connecticut and Virginia respectively. His father died when he was twenty years old, and the next four years he worked by the month at farming. He was married Oct. 24, 1851, to Su- san Bail, a native of Pennsylvania. Aug. 25, 1862, he enlisted in Company K, Seventy-third Ohio Infantry, but by the exposures of army life he lost his eyesight, and in November he was granted a furlough, but not recovering was discharged in February, 1863. Mr. and Mrs. Persons have five children — Sylvester, Almira J., Samuel, Elizabeth and Horace. Politically Mr. Persons is a Re- publican. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 725 M. Pierce, born Sept. 29, 1823, in Meigs County, Ohio, is a son of Isaac and Fanny (Stout) Pierce. When three years of age he lost his father. When sixteen years of age he commenced to learn the tanner's and shoemaker's trades, at which he worked about six years. In 1845 he purchased the farm where he now resides, which he has brought under a good state of cultivation. He is now engaged in general farming and stock-raising. In September, 1815, he married Mercy Daily, daughter of Benjamin Daily, a pioneer of Athens County. They 'had a family of five children — Mary Jane, Florinda, Isaac, Louis Eldora and Emma Serilla. Mrs. Pierce died Jan. 6, 1S75. Jan. 9, 1876, Mr. Pierce married Mrs. Mary (Day) Swarts. She has five children — Merzer, John, Israel, James and Mary Elizabeth. Mr. and Mrs. Pierce are members of the Christian church, lie has been an Elder in the church several years. Elijah liwinion, born in Lewis County, W. Va., March 25, 1811, is a son of Samuel and Ann (Batty) Runriion. When eleven years of age his parents moved to Kanawha County, W. Va., and soon after to Jackson County, where he was reared and educated, remaining there till 1849. In the latter year he came to Ohio, settling first in Meigs County, and moved to Athens County in 1861, where he still resides. He was married Aug. 29, lS33,'to Harriet B. Smith, a native of Virginia, and a daughter of John and Susan Smith. They have six children — Rebecca, Mary, Catherine, James, Milo and Alexander. Mr. Runnion has been a member of the Methodist church sixty years. Politically he is a Republican. M. M. Runnion, Carthage, was born March 14, 1817, a native of Virginia. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools. At the age of sixteen he enlisted in Com- pany F, Sixtieth Ohio Infantry. He was in several battles, and was discharged in August, 1865. Sept. 12, 1877, he married Ann Jane Elliott. They have two children — Lonna T. and Robert J. Mr. and Mrs. Rnnnion are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics Mr. Runnion is a Republican. JnaesRussel, son of David Russei, was born in Coshocton County, Ohio, July 7, 182S, and came with his parents to Athens County in 1837. He lived at home till he arrived at manhood, receiving a limited education in the common schools. He was married Nov. 22. 1863, to Perezinda Price, a native of Athens County, and a daughter of James M. Price. They have seven children — Lincoln, 726 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Sheridan, Adson, Clinton, Emma, Adi, Alma. Mr. Rnssel bought the farm where he now lives in 1853. He has 133 acres. Politi- cally he is a Republican. John Russell, son of David Russell, of Troy Township, was born in Coshocton County, Ohio, Dec. 26, IS 19. He came to Athens County with his parents in 1838, and lived in Troy Township till he was of age. He was married May 27, 1S47, to Nancy Morrison, of Jefferson County, Ohio, daughter of John Morrison. They have seven children — Winfield, Hannah, Timothy, Eber, Grant, Lot and Mahlon. Mr. Russell has a fine farm of 218 acres, with a good two-story house and comfortable farm buildings. Politically he is a Republican. William Russell, a native of Coshocton County, Ohio, born May 19, 1824, is a son of David Russell. His parents came to Athens County when he was thirteen years old and settled in Troy Township, where his father still resides. Dec. 1, 1853, he married Mary Elliott, a daughter of William Elliott, a native of Ireland. They have four children — Alruira, Selden C, David E. and "Will- iam. Mr. Russell bought the farm where he now resides in 1854. He has 180 acres of good land with a good residence and farm buildings, where he has all the comforts of" a home. He is a genial, whole-souled man and has the respect and confidence of all who know him. Amasa Saunders, a native of Delaware County, N. Y., ami a son of Jonathan and Mary (Buck) Saunders, was born March 20, 1S09. He was the second of a family of eight children. When he was nine years of age his parents came to Athens County, locat- ing in Carthage Township, which at that time had but few voters. His early life was spent in helping to clear the heavily timbered land, and he received but a limited education in the subscription schools. April 16, 1834, he married Louise Alden. T\\ay have but one child, a son — A. N. Saunders, a prominent man of this town- ship. Mr. Saunders has been a member of the Methodist Episco- pal church fifty-two years, and is one of its liberal supporters. He has one of the best farms in the township, and has acquired it by his industry and good management. A. N. Saunders, proprietor of Slade Valley stock farm, is a son of Amasa Saunders. He was born in Carthage Township, July 20, 1835, and was reared and educated in his native township. Nov. 29, 1860, he married Harriet A., daughter of Moses and Roxanna Flanders. They have three children — Arthur B., Eva HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 727 M. and Ida R. Mr. Saunders moved to his present farm in 1866. He has one of the best farms in the township, consisting of 690 acres, and makes a specialty of high grade and registered Spanish merino sheep. He spends both time and money for their improve- ment and is rewarded by being the owner of the best flock in Ath- ens County, having taken the first premium wherever he has exhibited them. Politically he is a Republican. He i6 a mem- ber of the Methodist church. V. Smith, son of Frederick and Elizabeth Smith, was born Nov. 16, 1813, in Germany. He learned the weaver's trade in his native country and worked at it till 1843, when, wages being low, he determined to come to America. lie landed in New York after a voyage of thirty -two days, and came to Athens County, settling in Lodi Township, where he now has a good farm of 150 acres. He has a store of general merchandise, having a good stock of dry goods, boots and shoes, etc., where he has a go:>d trade. He was married in Germany to Miss P. Richport. They have eleven children — Anthony, Peter, John, Fred, George, Jacob, Phoebe, Sophia, Elizabeth, Mary and Michael. Politically, Mr. Smith is a Democrat. He is a member of the Catholic church. Aaron Stout, Sr., was born near Trenton, N. J., June 2, 1768. He came to Ohio in 1806, settling in Meigs County. In 181-1 he came to Athens County and settled on section 19, Carthage Town- ship. He married Sarah Praull, and to them were born nine chil- dren — Letitia, George, Abner, Fanny, Mary, Ruth, Charles, Aar«.n, and John. Aaron Stout, Jr., was born in Meigs County, Ohio, July 6, 1810. When four years of age he came to Carthage Township, where he was reared and educated. He was married March 23, 1833. to Martha MtTntyre, a native of Pennsylvania, born May 11, 1808. They had a family of six children — Lizzie, Ruth Ann, Sophia, Harrison, J. M. and Sarah Jane. Mr. Stout was a mem- ber of the Christian church. He died May 5, 1866. Clonics Stout, son of George and Eliza Stout, was born on the farm where he now resides April 24, 1827. November, 1854, he was married to Ellen Gregory, of Carthage Township. Mrs. Stout died Nov. 11, 1S68, leaving one child— Addie. . Nov. 20, 1870, Mr. Stout married Louise Wiley, daughter of James Wiley, of Meigs County. They have one daughter — Mary Belle, born Oct. 19, 1876. Mr. Stout has 402 acres of well-improved land with a fine dwelling, well furnished, and surrounded by shade and orna- mental trees. Politically he is a Republican. 7:28 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Cyrenus Stout, son of George and Eliza Stout, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, and came to Carthage Township, Athens County, when four years of age, where he was reared and educa- ted. Nov. 18, 1841, he married Mary Childs, daughter of Seth and Dinah Frost Childs. They had three children — Leander, Elmedia and George W. In 1841 Mr. Stout settled on the farm where he now resides. He has 610 acres of good land which he has brought from a wild state to its present highly cultivated condi- tion. He has a good residence, well furnished, where his family have all the comforts of a good home. Mr. Stout's present wife was Sarah M., daughter of Moses Elliott. They were married Nov. 3, 1859, and have three children — Horace, John and Jerome. Politically Mr. Stout is a Republican. He has held the offices of Township Trustee and Treasurer, and Assessor. George Stout, deceased, son of Aaron Stout, Sr v , was born near Trenton, N. J., March 17, 1792. When fourteen years of age he came with. his parents to Ohio. He was married in 1S20 to Eliza Buzzard, a daughter of Peter Buzzard. In 1825 he came to Athens County and settled on section 19, Carthage Town- ship, which at that time was wild timbered land, but he went bravelv to work and brought it under a good state of cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Stout had a family of three children — Cyrenus, Charles and Fannie (Mrs. Hecox). Mr. Stout was a member of the Christian church for over thirty years. He died April 21, 1875, aged eighty-three years. Mrs. Stout died Aug. 17, 1S69. J. 31. Stout, son of Aaron and Mirtha Stout, was b)rn in Car- thage Township, Sept. 19, 1812. where he was reared and educa- ted. Aug. 12, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Sixteenth Ohio Infantry, and was in all the regiment's engage- ments except the fight round Petersburg, when he was detailed at headquarters. He enlisted as private, and was discharged as Duty Sergeant June 23, 1865. July 1, 1S67, he married Lulinda Hecox, daughter of Truman Hecox, of Meigs County. They hive five children — Adella Moselle, Emerson, El mont, Mrytie Jeanette and Elmy. Mr. Stout has a good farm of 182 acres, and is engaged in general farming and stock-raising. He is a member of the Christian church. Politically, he is a Republican. He has never been an aspirant for office, though frequ sntly urged by his friends to accept one. s Iden C. Stout was born in Carthage Township, July 7, 1833. He received a goi d edu at 'on in the common schools and at Cool- HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 729 villc Seminary. When twenty -six years of age lie married Mary Jane, daughter of J. Davies, of Meigs County. lie first settled on section 25, where he lived seven years. He then bought a farm on section 32 where he still resides. He has 460 acres of good land, well improved, and is engaged in general firming and stock- raising. In August, 1.864, he enlisted in Company E, One Hun- dred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Infantry, and was discharged at the close of the war. Mr. and Mrs. Stout have four children — Anna S., Ida Rosilla, Elmer C. and Dora Aurilla. Mr. Stout's father » Charles Stout, came to Carthage Township in 1814 and lived here till his death, July 2, 1856. He married Roxy Childs, and to them were born three children — Selden C, Marinda and Samantha. W. 0. Stout was born in Meigs "Connty, Ohio, Dec. 15, 1851, a son of Aaron and Mary (Hoffman) Stout. His education was received in the common district schools and at Tapper's Plains Seminary. When twenty years of age he embarked in the mer- cantile business at Osage, and five years later came to Carthage. In L879 he move 1 to his brother-in-law's farm, which contains 260 acres of lmd under a good state of cultivation, with good buildings, and is engaged in .general farming and stock-raising. Oct. 1, 1873, he married Mary A., daughter of John Lawrence. They have two children — Nora May and Charles Leslie. Politi- cally, Mr. Stout is a Republican, and is at present Clerk of Car- thige Township. He is a member of the Methodist church. Francis Tibbies, son of John and Jane Tibbies, was born in Car- thage Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Jan. 26, 1826. His youth was spent in assisting his father to improve the farm, receiving but a limited education in the subscription schools. He now owns a fine farm of 200 acres, all well improved. Miy 21, 1856, he mar- ried E. J. Elliot, a native of Ireland, and a daughter of William Elliot, who settled in Athens County in 1842. They have three children— -E!za G., Sarah Frances and William E. One son, Albert, died in 1861; another, Add ism B., died April 2, 18S3, and a daughter, Nellie, died in 1882. Politically, Mr. Tibbies is a Democrat. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. John Tibbies, deceased, was born in Pennsylvania, Sept. 16, 1796, a son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Hayes) Tibbies. He was reared in his native State, and in 1817 came to Athens County, Ohio, and settled on the farm now owned by his son Francis. It was wild, heavily timbered land, the nearest house being four miles east of it. He improved a farm of 130 acres, and, being a 730 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. brick-maker by trade, made the brick of which his residence is built. He was married in 1818 to Jane Caldwell, a native of Ire- land, who came to America when five years of age. They had a family of six children— James, Alexander, Frances, Elizabeth, John, Joseph. Joseph and Alexander were members of the Seventy- fifth Ohio Infantry and died in the service in 1S62 and 1S63. Mr. Tibbies died Jan. 4, 1S66, and his wife, April 19, 1S78. Daniel Walker, born in Indiana County, Pa., Oct. 11, 1S00, was a son of Adam and Hester (Chance) Walker. His father died in 1S13, of yellow fever. When fifteen years of age he came to Jefferson County, Ohio, and resided about five years. May 1, 1820, he was hired to drive a four-horse team to Orange Township, JVIeigs County. Jan. 28, 1825, he married Mary Ryther, a native of Ohio, who died Aug. 28, 1S76, leaving two children — Sarah Ann and R. Becky. In the fall of 1826 Mr. Walker bought a farm on section 25, where he lived five years and then traded it for 100 acres in the southwestern part of the section where he still re- sides. June 10, 18S0, he married Mrs. Ruth (Wingate) Frost a native of Pennsylvania. She has two children — Olive and Ange- lina Mr. Walker has an adopted -son — Charles Albeit Sarson. Politically he is a Democrat. He has held the office of Township Trustee a number of years. In religious faith he is a Methodist. CHAPTER XXX1L DOVER AND TRIMBLE TOWNSHIPS. Outline — Early Settlers — Township Officials — Sunday Creek Valley — Mineral Resources — Social Periods — Biograph- ical. Every locality, however contracted, or, in the estimation of the masses, without anything worthy of note, has its historical ma- terials that deserve to-be collected, and accurately written and faith- fully preserved. Such is strictly true of the territory whose his- tory we propose to sketch. But few pages of this history are occupied with the Dover and Trimble divisions, and Sunday Creek Valley plays a very subordi- nate part in the county affairs, while worthy of afar more extended notice. outline view of the whole district. There is a high elevation, like a natural mound, in southern Trimble, which throws within your horizon the whole territory, in- cluding the valleys of Sugar Creek, Hocking and Lower Sunday Creek, with its eastern and western tributaries. The scenery from this elevated position is exceedingly varied and beautiful. Nature, in this landscape, has evidently scouted at every feature of dull monotony. She has scattered profusely her hills and dales. The eastern and western ridges with their numerous spurs have formed a very interesting kaleidoscope. The eye never tires with views so constantly changing. South Dover, including £ome five or six sections situated on both sides of Hocking, constitutes the river division. Wolf's Plains, together with Chauncey and Salina with their surroundings, are flat, being covered with gravel beds of the drift period. These river sections are rich in soil, and valua- ble. The plains are noted for their immense tumuli, covering the remains of great warriors that fell in battle. Along this part of Hocking were located the rude mills that supplied the early inhab- itants with flour and corn meal. The salt works of Chauncey and Salina were very productive for many years, being a source of con- siderable revenue to their proprietors, and giving employment to (731) 732 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. in my h mis. Through South Dover down the Hocking Valley are now two completed railroads, the Hocking Valley an 1 the Ohio Central. These railways will, in time, make this district quite val- uable. Should Chauncey and Salina be occupied by a new class of enterprising capitalists who shall turn their attention to coal and iron, these towns would soon enter upon their resurrection life. Within this district is located the County Infirmary. It has a farm of about 130 acres.- It is a valuable tract, situated principally on the river bottom, and aids the county materially to sustain her poor. This institution is a creditable specimen of county infirmaries. IN SOUTH DOVER are situated two villages — Chauncey and Salina. Chauncey is sit- uated on a level plot of ground forming a tongue of land between the mouth of Sunday Creek and Hocking. It has been a town of considerable trade, especially during those years of the active man- ufacture of salt. Its location is favorable for the building up of a large town. There is ample building room for 20,000 inhab- itants. Should some of our Eastern capitalists make Chaun- cey a center of operation in coal-mining and iron making, there would sx>n gather into its locality a large and thriving population. It being situated on the Ohio Central and at the terminus of Sun- day Creek Valley, it would have the a ivantages of two valleys, Hacking and Sunday Creek. Salina is located on Hocking River, about one mile above Chaun- cey. It has been noted for its silt manufactures under Gould & Green. It was a thriving village while those enterprising citizens had the management oi' the salt interests. Like Chauncey, it is now in a transition state. Tne tim9 may soon come when Salina shall wake up and grow with the growth of the surrounding country, ami be ranked among the noted towns of the Hocking Valley. NORTH DOVER AND TRIMBLE, OR LOWEK SfXDAY CREEK VALLEY. Before entering upon a description of Lower Sunday Creek "\ a ley, it will be in place to sketch some statistics of Dover and Trimble townships. Dover was cut off from the western part of Ames an 1 organized into a township April 4. L811. The act that passed the Bjard ot County Commissi >ners was the following: " Ordered that so much of the township of Anus as lies we-t ot' th.9 thirteenth range be HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 733 erected into a separate township by the name of Dover. Ordered, further, that the Clerk of the board notify the inhabitants of the township of Dover to meet at the house of Othniel Tuttle, in said township, on Saturday, the 20th of April instant, for the purpose of electing township officers." Dover then included the present townships of Ward, Green and Starr, of Hocking County, and Trim- ble, York and Dover, in Athens County. The principal settlements were, at that early date, on the waters of Sunday Creek. The early settlers of Dover Township are mostly contained in the following list: Daniel Weethee, on sections 12 and 18, in Sun- day Creek Valley; Josiah True, on sections IS and 24; Abraham Pugsley, the father of a large family, settling in the same valley; Azel Johnson, joining farm of Daniel Weethee; Henry O'Neill , Samuel Tannehiil, Barney J. Robinson. Cornelius Sho emaker. Ne hemiah Davis (known as Elder Davis),' James Pickett ^> Jeremiah Cass, Jonathan Watkins (father of a numerous family that settled mi Sunday Creek), the Nye family, Reuben J. Davis, Resolved Ful- ler aud brother, George Wilson, Benjamin Davis, Uriah Nash, Eliphalet Wheeler, Rejita — LLuxlbut, Samuel Stacey, Thomas Smith, Uriah Tippee, (Abner Connet ff and others. The geological and geographical features will be noticed under the head of Lower Sunday Creek Valley. These families were principally of the New England States; hardy pioneers who left comfortable homes in the East for the compan- ionship of wild beasts and savages, in a distant wilderness. Such materials are required for successful frontier life. Dover Township has three villages, two of which (Chauneey and Salina) have already been described. Millfield is located very pleasantly on the west bank of Sunday Creek, on sections 16 and IT. The town can number its half century of years, yet there being in it no distinguished manufactories its growth has not been very satisfactory. It has a flour-mill, two dry-goods stores, a blacksmith .-h'>p,an excellent school-house, two shoe shops, a postofKce,a wagon- maker's shop, and some other public buildings. The Ohio Central Railroad has a station in Millfield. Should capitalists open coal works in that village it might soon be a very thriving town. After the division of what is called the " Coonskin library," which t< ok place January, 1816, the Dover division was removed to the residence of Jcsiah True, near Millfield, where it continued to re- pose in comparative slumber till 1876, when it was waked up to become a unit of curiosity in the Centennial. The entire separa- 734 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEV. tion and removal did not take place, however, till Dec. 21, 1S30, at which time u Dover Library Association " was incorporated with Daniel Weethee, Alanson Hibbard, Azariah Pratt, Sr., Josiah True, John B. Johnson, William Hyde and John Pugsley, the original proprietor of Millfield, as the original incorpora- tors, and Daniel Weethee, Alanson Hibbard and Azariah Pratt as Directors for the first year. TOWNSHIP TRUSTEES FROM 1S25 TO 1883. ]825, Resolved Fuller, Daniel Weethee and Samuel B. Johnson; 1S26, Jonathan Allen, Simon H. Mansfield and William Bagley; 1827, Jeremiah Morris, Simon II. Mansfield and Josiah True; 1828, Resolved Fuller, Simon H. Mansfield and Josiah True; 1829, Jeremiah Morris, Simon H. Mansfield and Horace Carter; 1S30, Daniel Weethee, Simon H. Mansfield and Josiah True; 1831, Sam- uel Stephens, Jeremiah Morris and Josiah True; lS32-'33, Samuel Stephens, Robert Conn and Josiah True; 1834, John Armstrong, Robert Conn and Josiah True; 1835, Jeremiah Morris, Jonathan Connett and Josiah True; 1836-'37, John Armstrong, S. R. Fox and Josiah True; 1838, record lost; 1839, John Armstrong, Mat- thew McCune and David Tarrned; IS 40, Mason B. Brown, Harry Clark and Josiah True; 1841, Jeremiah Morris, Matthew McCune and Josiah True; 1842, John Armstrong, Matthew McCune and Josiah True; 1843-44, Albert Harper, Matthew McCune and Josiah True; 1845, William Hyde, Matthew McCune and Josiah True; L846, Azariah Pratt, Matthew McCune and Josiah True; 1847, Heury Brown, Matthew McCune and Josiah True; 1S4S, Azariah Pratt, Matthew McCune and Josiah True; 1S49, William Edwards, Austin Fuller,Josiah True; lS50-'51,MatthewMcCnne,Austin Fuller and W. S. Hyde; 1852, Matthew McCune, Austin Fuller and James Culver; 1S53, Seth Fuller, Austin Fuller and John Spencer; 1S54, Seth Fuller, W. S. Hyde and John Spencer; 1855, Samuel Augus- tine, W. s. Hyde and Woodruff Connett; lS56-'57, John Cradle- baugh, W. S. Hyde and Austin Fuller; 1858, John Cradlebaugh, W. S. Hyde and E. D. Harper; 1859-'60, John Cradlebaugh, Aus- tin Fuller and O. G. Burge; 1861, Alexander Stephenson, Austin Fuller and O. G. Burge; L862, Ebenezer Pratt, Joseph Tippy and \Y. S. Hyde; 1S63, O. G. Burge, Joseph Tippy and \V. S. Hyde; L864, O.'d. Burge, J. W. P. Cook and W. S. Hyde; lS65-'66, O. G. Burge. J. W. P. Cook and W. S. Hyde; 1867, 0. G. Burge, R. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 735 N. Fuller and W. S. Hyde; 1868, George Connett, Samuel Au- gustine and Ebenezer Pratt; 1869, Henry -Brown, Woodruff Con- nett and F. L. Junod; 1870, Woodruff Connett, 0. G. Barge and F. L. Junod; 1871, F. L. Junod, William Edwards and O. G. Burge; 1>72. William M. Edwards, H. Connett and Ebenezer Pratt; 1873, William M. Edwards, William Cornell and Hiram Fuller; 1874, Hiram Fuller, William M. Edwards and William Connett; 1875, George Connett, A. B. White and L. A. Sprague; 1876, A. B. White, D. H. Cunningham and Henry Martin; 1877, Henry Mar- tin, Ezra Cornell and J. W. P. Cook; 1878, Henry Martin, J. W. P. Cook and Hiram Fuller; ls79, Henry Martin, J. W. P.Cook and A. B. White; 1880, Austin True, F. L. Junod and Nathan Picket; 1881, Joel Sanders, Silas II. Stephenson and Samuel Au- gustine; 1882, Joel Sanders, Silas II. Stephenson and Samuel Augustine; 1883, Silas II. Stephenson, Daniel Fulton and John Brawley. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE FROM 1825 TO 1883. 1826, D. Herrold; 1827-'31, Josiah True; 1832-'33, Simon II. Mansfield; 1834-'37, Josiah True; 1839, Frederick Cradlebiugh ; 1811, John Armstrong; 1843, Jooiah True; 18-45, Charles P. Smith; 1846, Hiram Fuller; 1851, Charles P. Smith; 1852, J. W. P. Cook; 1853, Hiram Fuller; 1854, William Edwards; 1855, E. D. Varner; 1856, Hiram Fuller and C. R. Smith; 1858, Josephus Calvert; L859, Hiram Fuller and John Smith; lsP,2, J. W. P. Cook, Hiram Fuller and John Smith; 1865, Job S. King; 1868, Hiram Fuller, Charles It. Smith and John Smith; 1871, Hiram Fuller, John Smith and Job S. King; 1874, Hiram Fuller, William M. Edwards and Job S. King; 1876, Hiram Fuller; 1877, Job S. King; 1878, John Cradlebaugh; 1879, Hiram Fuller and J. A. McKee; 1880, Andrew J. Learned; 1881, Silas H. Stephenson; 1882-'83, J. A. Mclvce. A postoffice was established at Millfield in 1834, and at Chauncey in 1838. TEIMBLE TOWNSHIP. Trimble Township, so named from a former Governor of Ohio, was a part of Ames Township till 1811, and of Dover till 1827, at which time it was organized into a separate township. On its north, east and west are the counties of Perry, Morgan and Hock- ing; on the south is Dover Township. It is drained principally 736 ' HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. by the . northern branches of Sunday Creek. Its original white settlers located their claims on the east and west branches, near the north and northwest limits of the township. Solomon Tattle, Sr., with his son, Cyrus Tattle, and his brother, Nial Tuttle, from Vermont, settled on the cast branch of Sunday Creek in 1S02. In their vicinity soon after, Joseph McDaniel and William Mor- row located their families. William Bagley and his brother John Bagley, loaving Vermont in 1820, settled on the west branch of Sunday Creek, near the present Ilartleyville. John Bagley erected a factory and grist-mill. They were rude specimens, but they supplied the wants of the people. William Bagley settled on school section No. 16; farmed some and was as- sociated with his brother John in the milling and factory business. Another brother, Samuel Bagley, being a tanner, erected the first tannery (the only one) in the township, 1822. In 1822 a school was taught, near the forks of the creek (the present location of Sedalia) by Nancy Bagley, of Vermont, a sister of William, John and Samuel Bagley. This was the first school in the township. About 1821: John Morrow taught a school on the east branch, in the Tattle, Morrow and Dew settlement. The school-house was a fair specimen of those pioneer buildings. It was a house 12 x 15 feet, composed of round logs, the ground for its floor; one log cut out on each side for light, oiled paper instead of glass. Door three feet by five, on wooden hinges, with a wooden latch, moved by a tow or leather string. In the end opposite to the door was the fireplace, occupying the principal part of the end, with a chimney composed of unhewn stone, or sticks and mad. In this rude Bpecimen of the early seminaries, on one of its high wooden leg rough puncheon benches, sat our distinguished and honorable citizen, E. II. Moore, book in hand, legs dangling (being too short to reach the floor), eyes intent on spelling out the words of his lesson. In 1882 Mr. Moore taught school in the same place. The Christian religion has always had a place on Sunday Creek, and Trimble Township has. shared in its divine munificence. The Baptist, Methodist, and Christian denominations were the first to occupy the attention of the people. They are still the leading organizations. Other views have been proclaimed but have not been productive of any flattering results. The principal mill of Trimble Township was commenced at Oxford, now Trimble, by Jonathan Watkins in L825. It was burned in 1865. After some years it was rebuilt, and continued as a water-mill till 1882. Since HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 737 then it has been changed into a steam mill, and is furnished with all modern improvements in the flour-making line, and is doing an excellent business. Agriculture is still, as it always has baen, the chief occupation of its citizens. Mining of coal, however, has been such as to supply the home demand. In the future, mining will perhaps take the first rank. The minerals of the valley will be more fully noticed under the head of Sunday Creek A r alley. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. The first election for township officers was held at the residence of William Bagley, James Price, James Bosworth, and Jeremiah ( !ass being the Judges, and Samuel B. Johnson and Cyrus Tuttle, Clerks. TOWNSHIP TRUSTEES. 1827, "William Bagley, James Bosworth, Solomon Newton; 1828, Jeremiah Cass, Elijah Alderman, Solomon Newton; 1829, Joseph McDonald, James Price, Solomon Newton; 1S30, David Eggle- ston, James Price, Solomon Newton; 1831, Jonathan Watkins, • lames Price, Solomon Newton; 1832, wanting; 1833, Elijah Al- derman, Tliomas Dew, John I vers; 1834, Elijah Alderman, Luther Mingus, Enoch Putter; 1835, wanting; 1836, Solomon Newton, Andrew McKee, William Shaner; 1837, Jonathan Watkins, An- drew McKee, William Shaner; 1838, Solomon Newton, Andrew McKee, Ebenezer Shaner; 1839, William McKee, Andrew McKee, Johnlvers; 1840, Thomas L. Love, Andrew Rutter, wanting; 1841, James Hoge, W. J. Hartley, wanting; 1842, James fioge, John B. Johnson, wanting; 1843, James Lloge, Isaac N. Joseph, Will- iam J. Hartley; 1844, William McClellan, Isaac N. Joseph, William J. Hartley; 1845, Andrew McKee, Caleb Carter, Isaac Blackwood; 1846, wanting; 1847, William McClellan, Andrew Dew, J. D. I)avis;1848, Andrew McKee, Andrew Daw, J. D. Davis; 1849-'50, William McClellan, Andrew Dew, J. D. Davis; 1851, William McClellan, William H. Peugh, S. T. Grow; 1852, wanting; JS53, James Hoge, John Ivers, wanting; 1S54, Andrew Daw, John I vers, William McClellan; 1855, wanting; 1856, Joseph Allen, i'.. Worrell, Andrew Dew; 1857, Benjamin Norris, John M. John- son, Andrew Dew; 1858-'59, William II. Peugh, William McClel- lan. S. P. Grow;lS60-'61, William II. Peugh, William McClellan, L. II. Bhinehart; 1S62, William II. Peugh, William McClellai, 47 73S HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Samuel Wood worth; 1863, Samuel Banks, John Shaner, Samuel Wood worth; 1864, Samuel Bank?, John Gift, Dorsey McClellan; 1865-'66, Milton Monroe, John Gift, J. C. Lefever; 1S67, William II. Peugh, Isaac Blackwood, Lemuel Bethel; 1868, Samuel Banks, J. M. Amos, Joseph Allen, 1869; Samuel Banks, E. H. Watkins. William Biddison; 1870, Samuel Banks. James S. Jennings, Will- iam Biddison; 1871, S. H.Johnson, J. W. Jones, Isaac Blackwood; 1S72, David Glenn, William H. Peugh, Joshua Sands; 1873-'75, William II. Peugh, Joseph Allen, Jacob L. Wyatt; 1876, A. B. Johnson, William H. Peugh, Jacob L., Wyatt; 1S77, William II. Peugh, A. B. Johnson, Jacob L. Wyatt; 1878, Jacob L. Wyatt, James H. Jones, James F. Kempton; 1879, James H. Jones, William II. Peugh, W. W. Anderson; 1830-81, James H. Jones, William Biddison, William II. Peugh; 1882-'83, James II. Jones, .Richard Daniels, William II. Peugh. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE FROM 1827 TO 1883. 1827, William Bagley; 18-30, James Price and Jeremiah Cass; 1833, Daniel Frazer and Samuel Mills; 1831, Emory Newton; 1836, Seth Pratt and Samuel Mills; 1838, Solomon Newton; 1S39, Samuel Mills; 1810, David Allen; 1841, John Ivers; 1812. Morris Bryson; 1841, John Ivers;. 1845, Morris Bryson; 1847, Isaac X. Joseph; 1818, George W. Roberts; 1850, Aquilla Norris and Ben- jamin Norris; 1851, Benjamin Morris and George W. Roberts; 1853, Alexander McClellan; 1854, William Biddison; 1856, Isaac N. Joseph; 1857, John M. Johnson (resigned Feb. 3. 1858); 185S, Morris Bryson; 1859, William II. Peugh; 1S61, Morris Bry- son; 1862, Lemuel Bethel; 1861, William Biddison; 1865. William Koons; L867, J. S. Dew; 1868, Samuel Banks; 1869, James F. Kempton, resigned; 1870, James Rutter; 1871, J. L. Porter; 1 V 7I. E. N. Alderman; 1876, William II. Johnston; 1877, James Ratter; 187S, W. II. Johnston; 18S0, W. W. Anderson; 1882, James N. Sands; 1883, Joseph W. Joiu>. SUNDAY CREEK VALLEY. Under this head will be included all that remains to be said of Trimble and .North Dover, except such general remarks as will be appropriate to notice in the scientific chapter of the " History of Hacking Valley." Under the above caption will be given a brief view of its topog- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 739 raphy, geological structure and its resources, together with its past history. Our space is too limited to enter into detail. We must leave the reader to amplify our thoughts and outline sketches as his knowledge and interest may dictate. Sunday Creek Valley is fan-shaped, with its axis at Chauncey, near the mouth of the creek, and its radiating parts spreading out so as to include all the territory drained by Sunday Creek and its branches. The springs which give rise to the extreme branches of Sunday Creek are wider apart than its head and mouth — wider than long. Sunday Creek Valley has its bottom lands, yet they do not form one of its distinctive features. It is composed, principally, of ridges, spurs, inclined plains, ravines, gulches and valleys. It has a face for every point in the heavens. It has vastly more sur- face than sky. Its base is contracted, but the sum of its surfaces is very considerable. Though we thus truthfully describe its terri- tory, we are happy to say that it has but a few rods of waste land. Sunday Creek Valley has every variety of soil and exposure. Its bottom lands are, in spots, composed of sand, produced by the dis- integration of its sand rocks; in other localities they are alluvial; in other parts, clay, with a great variety of mixtures. Our nor- thern surfaces are often steep, the strata not being dissolved by the extremes of heat and cold, or by storms. Our northern slopes are generally the most productive. Our southern hillsides are often rather poor, yet they have their special uses. Our east and west exposures are quite productive. Sunday Creek Valley has its agricultural resources, still agricult- ure is not its specialty. Its soil produces fair crops of wheat, rye, Indian corn, potatoes, grass, turnips, and all kinds of vegetables Buited to its latitude. Its hills are suited to the rearing of sheep, cattle, and all kinds of stock. It is a land adapted to vine am' fruit culture. One advantage it has, worthy of special note; such is its variety of soil and exposures that there is scarcely ever a season without fruit, either on the ridges, on the slopes, in the ra- vines, or on the bottom lands. The soil, if scientifically cultivated, is quite productive, capable of sustaining a dense population. MINERAL RESOURCES OF SUNDAY CREEK VALLEY. Its mineral deposits are the most noted feature of Sunday Creek A alley. In its coal deposits it is, perhaps, superior to any other 740 HISTORY OF HOCKING A'ALLEY. territory of equal size in the State. Tiiis will appear by an exam- ination of its geological structure, which we proceed, briefly, to in- vestigate. Sunday Creek Valley is an erosion of the lower coal measures, there being no discoverable marks of volcanic action. In the gulches, ravines and valleys, the strata are in place on opposite sides — a proof that running water formed them. These depressions, therefore, are erosions, and the entire valley is a ''wash-out" of past ages. The process is still in progress, every flood wafting tons of disintegrated rocks and minerals toward the Mexican Gulf. It will be readily seen that the main stream and its tributaries are increasing in length, are becoming wider from bank to bank, while their flow decreases in velocity. The waters are lowering the dividing ridges and spurs, while they are filling up deep cavities and evening the inclined planes at the bottoms of the prin- cipal streams. The washing-down process would, in time, make plain of the valley. In the gulches, ravines and valleys, the strata for 600 feet are vertically exposed. Shafts have been sunk to the fire-clay under the great seam of coal, and salt wells have penetrated 400 feet further. The strata are, therefore, known in a vertical section of 1,100 feet. We are more particularly con- cerned with the strata of the upper 700 feet. Beginning our examination of this vertical section twenty-six feet below the Nel- sonville coal seam (great seam) we find our lowest coal vein two feet and six inches thick. This is a rich, gas-producing coal. Twenty-six feet above this vein is the great coal seam. In live wells its average thickness is nine feet three inches. In three shafts its average is about the same. This is for the entire surface of 35,000 acres. Seventy-five feet above the great vein is the Bailey'fi Run coal. In the lower Sunday Creek Valley this seam lies at the bases of our hills. Its average thickness is four feet six inches. Very excellent coke has been made from this seam of coal. It is an excellent gas-making and parlor coal. This coal is mined by drifting. The following analysis of a sample of this coal from sec- tion 34, Dover, was male by Prof. "Wormley (State Chemist): "Specific gravity, 1.309; moisture 4.20; ash, 2. GO; volatile com- bustible matter, 35.20; tire carbon, 5S.00; total, 100.00 parts. Sul- phur, 1.04; sulphur left in coke, 0.41; percentage of sulphur in c >ke, 0.67; gasper pound in cubic foot, 3.07; color of ash, gray; c >ke compact." Tne State Geologist makes the following remark: "This shows a very excellent coal. The ash is small and the fixed HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLET. 74 1 carbon is large, and the amount of gas is also large. The coal loses so much of its sulphur in coking that the coke is relatively free from it. 1 ' Thirty-seven feet above the Bailey's Run coal seam, with a thick vein of iron ore between, is a vein of about two feet of coal. About seventy-five feet above this ssam is another vein of coal two and one-half feet thick. About 200 feet above the last is the Pittsburg, or Pomeroy, coal vein, from four to eight feet thick. h\ this vertical section of 700 feet we can count thirteen horizons of iron ore and eleven horizons of limestone. Sunday Creek Valley contains a vast amount of excellent sand rock for glass-making and building purposes. It has large quarries of flag-stone. Its deposits of fire-clay are immense. Our six coal seams will aggregate about twenty-seven feet. Our two workable seams average thirteen feet. Such is a brief outline of the mineral resources of Sunday Creek Valley. This is claimed of the valley, that, for variety of min- erals, amount and quality, as a whole, its peer cannot be found. Trimble Township and North Dover have more mineral wealth than can be found under an equal area (35,000 acres) anywhere else in Ohio, or perhaps in the world. We shall have occasion to strengthen these statements when the mineral resources of Hocking Valley are investigated. We- shall now take up the history of this valley from the time that it began, to be settled by the whites. We have already given its civil history. Its schools, its social and religious history demand further attention. Society is the normal state of all living beings. Man is no exception to this gen- eral law. The world has been peopled by groups; groups have formed societies; societies have been gathered into villages, towns, cities, States, kingdoms and empires. Thus was America peopled; thus was Ohio settled; and by the same law Sunday Creek Valley received its first white inhabitants. The Ohio Company's pur- chase gave cast to the first settlers of the valley. Those that had a desire to go West from the New England States, hearing such flat- tering accounts of the district now forming Southeastern Ohio, pur- chased lands of that company, and moved West to occupy them. Sunday Creek Valley, therefore, received its first white population from New England. They brought with them, as a matter of ne- -ty, their religion, manners, customs and educational spirit. But the valley to which they removed was truly a "howling wil- derness/' Savages occupied the lands that they had purchased, and. with various wild beasts, disputed with them the right of pos- session. 742 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. A change in their manner of living was a necessary consequence. New thoughts followed, and, consequently, a new coursi of action. In a few years they were comparatively a new people — AVilderness Yankees. They formed new ideas in every department of human thought. "With minds as free as their breathing apparatus, they began to entertain new religious notions. They read their Bibles and did their own thinking. So soon as they were sufficiently numerous to have religious assemblies and form churches, the fruits of independent thinking were^clearly seen. Xo Xew Eng- land churches were ever formed in Sunday Creek Valle^y. The inhabitants were principally what were called '".New Lights,*' and afterward "Christians," more usually denominated ^Dis- ciples," and by their enemies, " Campbellites." Methodist and Baptist churches have often been formed, but their prosperity has not been very satisfactory. Schools have always been sustained. Education belongs to New England life. A love for it is inherent in their very being. The branches taught were at first few, imperfectly understood, and un- skillfnlly taught. In the early settlements, teachers knew nothing of geography, but little of English grammar, taught reading, writing and spelling. All higher branches of science were the great unknown. SOCIAL FERIODS OF SUNDAY CREEK VALLEY. These will be the better illustrated by examining their materials of dress. For the sake of convenience, we divide its past history into periods, named after the chief article of clothing. 1. Buckskin Period. — When the people had worn out their Eastern wardrobes, to replenish with like articles was impossible. They were, therefore, obliged to go like the savages, or clothe them- selves with some domestic production. They tanned deer-skins, fashioned garments, and clothed their nakedness. Some tall court- ships and interesting marriages belong to this primitive age. '2. Linsey- Woolsey Period. — The age of primitive simplicity soon began to yield to the march of Yankee progress. Flax and wool were combined and woven into cloth. Garments made of these materials became the fashionable wear ot' this advanced period; not, however, without the cry of "pride" and ••extravagance.'* 3. The Modern, or Silk Period. — This period was never fully adopted, except by the " npper ten.-." The calico period is the H1ST0KT OF HOCKING VALLEY. 713 popular one of the valley. These four periods — the Buckskin, Linsey-Woolsey, Calico and Silk, mark the progress of society in Sunday Creek Valley. BIOGRAPHICAL — DOVER. William Bell, section 30, Dover TWnship, was born in Leices- tershire, England, April 11, 1811, and came to America in 1861 and settled in this county, where he has since lived. Mr. Bell cleared thirty-three acres of land on middle branch of Bailey's Kun. He moved to his present farm April 3, 1883. He was married May 2, 1869, to Jane R. Price, daughter of Abel C. Price, of Trimble Township. Mr. and Mrs. Bell have had five children, of whom two are living — William A. and Bebecca A. The deceased were — Sarah A., Frances E. and Lucy A. Mr. Bell owns 125 acres of land and is engaged in raising stock. Mrs. Bell was born in Dover Town- ship near Kidwell's mill, Oct. 1, 1839, the same year Kidwell's mill was built. Il't rum Bingham, late of Salina, now of Athens Township, was born near Athens, July 22, 1826. lie was brought up on a farm and educated in Athens. In 1S51 he went to California and mined about three years; was then engaged in the dairy business, and af- terward ran a meat market six years. He then went to Idaho where he lived two years, then resided one year in Wallawalla, Washington Territory. The steamer (Independence) that he and family took for the Golden State, wrecked off the coast of Jamaica Island, but they pulled in to Kingston and were all rescued. They were taken to Panama, where they remained a month, then went by steamer to San Francisco, arriving there March 6, 1852. They returned by the Nicaraugua route in 1866. Mr. Bingham has since resided in Athens County, except four years, when he was in Columbus, Ohio, in the grocery business. He engaged in the gro- cery business in Athens for two years. During the years of 1881 and 1882 he engaged in the manufacture of salt at Salina, Athens County, and in the spring of 18S3 he bought a farm in Athens Township, where he removed about the first of April, lie was first married to Lovina Lamb, daughter of Sylvanus Lamb. They had two children, one living — Surges. Mrs. Bingham died in 1818, and he married Miss Salama Weis, daughter of Jacob Weis, a na- tive of Germany, who came to this county in 1819. and still resides here, at the age of eighty-five years. Mr. Bingham own? property in Athens. 744 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Orrin It. B/'rge, Superintendent of the Agricultural Depart- ment at the Athens County Infirmary, and brother of O. G. Burge, of Chauncey, was born in Litchfield, Conn., Aug. 30, 1833. He was brought up and partially educated in his native town. The family removed to Cuyahoga County, Ohio, when Orrin was a boy. lie has spent] his life thus far on a farm. He came to Athens County about 1852. He was married Jan. 15, 1857, to Jane C, daughter'of James Stephenson. They have but one child — James J. Mr. JBirge has held his present position for the past ten years. He is a member of the Christian church. Tobias Boudinot, section 17, Dover Township, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, March 27, 1S22, and is a son of John Bou- dinot, of Knox County, Ohio, and a native of New Jersey. He was reared on the farm, and received a common-school education. He came to this township in 1S39, where he has since lived. He was married Aug. 14, 1844, to Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Southerton, who came to this county in 1832. They had seven children, three living — Jennie E., Tobias T., and Cassius H. One son, Elmer H., died Jan. 29, 18S2, in his twenty-first year. A daughter, Mrs. Lucy J. Peters, died at the age of twenty-two years and left two children. Mr. Boudinot owns 147 aciesin this county and 320 acres in Carter County, Mo., and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was Infirmary Director for three years, and Township Trustee one term. He is a member of the Christian or Disciple church. His father is now ninety-three years old. He came to this county in 1839 and resided here until within the last few years. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. Our sub- ject's grandfather's brother, Hon. Elias Boudinot, LL. D., was George Washington's private secretary ; was President of the first Bible Society that ever assembled in the United States and was President of the first Continental Congress that ever assembled in America. He was also renowned for his generosity: he donated 339 acres of land adjoining Philadelphia to the American Bible Society, and gave $10,000 in cash to the same society, 813.000 to the poor, and $5,000 to purchase spectacles for the poor. He was of French d< scent. John W. Brawley, section 13, was born in this township June 15, 1831, and is a son of James Brawley, who came to Athens County with his parents when a .-mall boy and died here in April, L873. Our subject was reave 1 on a farm and received a common- school education, lie was married duly 4, 1859, to Susan, daughter ^n^L JC HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 745 of Hiram Fuller. They have four children — Nellie, Clarence, Ida and Mary. Nellie married George Merry. Mr. Brawley owns a farm of 118 acres and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. Ormond G. Surge. — The Burge family differ in their spelling of the family name; our subject spells it with a " u," while his brother, Orrin R., and some others spell it with an " i." The subject of this sketch was born in Litchfield, Conn., July 7, 1S20, and is a son of Orrin Burge, deceased, also a native of Litchfield, and of English descent. He brought his family to Cuyahoga County, Ohio, in 1S30. Our subject came first to Athens County in 1838, and bought land in Waterloo Township. lie remained in Nelsonville in the boot and shoe business from 1S41 until 1846. lie then came to Dover Township, where he has since resided and operated his farm at Chauncey. In 1856 he married Emily Coe, daughter of John Coe, a pioneer of Athens County. They have had six children — Lemuel, Caroline, Leanora, Wallace, Jane and Cora. Mrs. Burge died June 7, 1867. She was a member of the Free-Will Baptist church. Mr. Burge is a member of the Chris- tian church. Mr. Burge held the office of Township Trustee of Dover Township for twelve years, and Assessor four or five years. He has recently sold his farm and resides with his son Lemuel in Chauncey. Wdliam W. Burge, son of O. (x. Burge, of Chauncey, was born in Dover Township, this county, June 5, 1855. He was reared on the farm and educated in Weethee's College at Mt. Auburn, this township. He married Ida M. Lapham Aug. 31, 1879. She is a daughter of Simon Lapham, of Cleveland. They have one child— Clara M., a bright-eyed little girl of two years. Mr. Burge is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He is a member of the Suns of Temperance and of the Christian church. Simeon W. Cass was born in Dover Township, Oct. 11, 1821, and is a son of Jeremiah Cass, a native of Rhode Island, and an early settler at Amestown, this county. He was one of the party that cut the first, road through the wilderness from Marietta to Amestown. He was a single man then and lived with a Mr. Wyatt. lie married Sarah AVright, by whom he had eleven chil- dren. They reared three boys and seven girls. His father, Amos Cass, came to Marietta with his son and settled on Sunday Creek where he died many years ago. Jeremiah Cass removed with his family to Trimble Township, this county, when Simeon was an infant, and when he was about fifteen years old returned to Dover 740 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Township. Mr. Cass was a soldier in the late war in Company II, One Hundred and Forty-first Ohio National Guards. He was married April 30, 1S43, to Elsie J. Ilaning, daughter of Aaron Ilaning. They had five children, of whom three are living — Sarah, Emily and Adelaide C. One daughter, Mrs. Rlioda Davis, left nine children, and the other, Mrs. Mary J. Gibson, left two children. Mrs. Cass died Aug. 3. 1^7n April 2, 1879, Mr. Cass married Sarah Simons, daughter of Admatha Simons, of England. They have had two children — Blanche G., deceased, and Susan F. Mr. Cass has been a member of the Christian church about twenty- five years, and has been Elder since the fall of 1SG3. His mother still" lives in this township at the age of ninety-three years. Charles P. Clester, section 7, was born in this township Oct. 2. L848, and is a son of Samuel Clester, a native of Pennsylvania, who came to Athens County over forty years ago. where he died in L869. Our subject was reared on the farm and educated at Wee- thee's College in this township. lie was married in November, l s »:'.'. to Carrie McAfee, daughter of John McAfee, of this county. They have two children — Sadie and Carrie, aged twelve and nine years respectively. Mr. Ciesterowns 155 acres of land and is en- gaged in farming and stock-raising. He is a member of the Su- gar Creek Methodist Episcopal church. Hyrcanus Connett was b >rn in this township Feb. 26,1844. He was educated in the Ohio University at Athens, lie worked for M. M. Green A: Co. at Salina about eight years, then returned t > the farm. He was married in March. l s 71. to Elzina Bean, daughter of Isaiah lC>an, of Pleasanton, Ohio. They have one child — Delia May. Mr. Connett owns 160 acres ot valuable land in Athens Township, but resides at present on the old home place in Dover Township. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Woodruff Connett, the father ot the above, was born in Athens T twnship, this county, March 6, L810, and is a son of Ab- ner Connett. who came to this county in 1798 from Pennsylvania. He was reared on the farm and educated in a subscription school and has always been a firmer, lie wis married March 22,1833, I i Lucy P. Dorr, by whom he had two children — Lydia (now Mrs. Isaac Bassett) and Hyrcanus. Mrs. Connett died Jan. 22, 1881. Mr. Connett and his son own over 300 acres of valuable land. Danii I iginally spelled Kutz) was born in Somerset County, Pa., M \ l x _7. and is a son of David Coots, deceased, a native of Bedford County, Pa., whobrouffht his family to Athens BI8T0EY 01 I VALLEY. 747 nty in l s 37. They witnessed the building of the Hocking Canal, and saw some of the Irish rows among the hands employed on that work. Mr. Coots whs reared on the farm, and for eighteen ■ the most extensive farmers of the county. For the past four years he has had the mail route between Cham and iSalina. He was married Feb. 14. 1855, to Frances It. Nye, daughter of Thedoru3 Nye, deceased. She was born in Chester, Meige Co., Ohio. They have had eight children, four living — Ella M., Mary M., Frank T. and Emma B. The family are all members of the Methodist church. John Coufoon, section B, Dover Township, was born in this township. Oct. 9, 1846. He was reared on the farm and edu- cated at Weethee's College and at New Plymouth, Ohio. He learned the carpenter's trade when a boy. and still works some at building railroad bridges. He ale ) learned surveying, and has fol- lowed that business more or less for the past fifteen years. He own- eighty-six acres of valuable land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. Mr. Coulson's father, James Coulson, was born in Washington County Pa., Feb. 14. 1817, and came to this county in 1844. He was married in 1844, just before starting West, to Sarah A. Mountz, by whom he had seven children, four of whom are living — John, Samuel, Nancy and Daniel. There are 200 acres in the old home place, where his widow now lives. He died March 15, 1883. The deceased was twice elected and once appointed to the office oi 1 raty Surveyor of Athens County. He was a Quaker in relig- ions belief. He was an industrious and useful nun. and a kind husband and father. Ebenezer Dains, section 30, Dover Township, was born in Guern- sey County, Ohio, May 10, 1820. lie came to this county in 1831 with his parents, where he has since resided, with the exception of tour years — one year in Perry County, Ohio, and three in Indiana. II is father, Jacob II. Dains (deceased), was a native of New rersey. Mr. Dains owns 133 acres of land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was married July 15. 1841, to ( 'atherine Dewitt, daughter of James Dewitt. They have had thir- teen children, oi whom ten are living— George W., Jasper N., Mary, Elizabeth, James, Lydia, Sarah, William, Thomas and Eliza J. One son. John, died in his seventeenth year. Joseph. B. Doughty, druggist, of Chauncey, was born in Gran- ville, Lie-king Co.. Ohio, Jan. 19, 184C, and isason ofKev. Richard Doughty, a Methodist Episcopal minister. Mr. Doughty began 748 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. taking care of himself at the age of ten years; lie worked on the farm, in coal mines, and clerked in stores several years. He was a soldier in the late war, in Company II, Eighty-fifth Ohio Infantry, and helped chase Morgan through Kentucky in 1863. He was discharged and then enlisted in Company F, One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Ohio Infantry, in the spring of 1864, and served for about ten months; eight months of the time he was in prison (hav- ing been captured at North Mountain) and was a part of the time in Andersonville. He went to Noblesville, Ind., in 1866, where he remained two years, and came to Hocking County in 1868. In 1871 he helped build the Btraitsville branch of the Hocking Valley Railroad. Came to Chauncey in 1873, and in 1874 went to Perry County, Ohio. He returned to Chauncey in 1877, where he has since been engaged in the drug business. He was married in De- cember, 1872, to Kate, daughter of Dr. A. J. Shrader, of Nelson- ville. They have four children — Blanche M., Jessie S., Richard D. and Sarah I. Thomas Ellis, a prominent farmer of Dover Township, is a na- tive of Lincolnshire, England, and was born in the city of Grant- ham, May 21, 1S17. His father, Richard Ellis, was a native of Doddington, England. Mr. Ellis emigrated from his native land to Dover Township in 1^42, where he has since lived. He was married March 2, 1846, to Mary A. White, a daughter of John S. White. They had three children, two living — Mary and Sarah. For twenty-two years Mr. Ellis carried on a blacksmith shop in Millfield, when he sold out and bought his present farm on Sun- day Creek, one mile north of Chauncey. It consisted of 510 acres, 160 of which he gave his daughter. He is now engaged in farm- ing and stock-raising. Mr. Ellis still has in his possession a piece of the first carriage that was run in the Sunday Creek Valley. It was built by -Mr. Reynolds, from Nova Saotia, in 1S43. Austin Fuller, deceased, late of Millfield, was born in Dover Township, this county, May 14, 1S14, and was a son of Resolved Fuller. He was brought up on the farm, and educated in a sub. scription school. lie was always a farmer. Oct. 10, 1835, he married Miss Mary Pratt, daughter of Azariah Pratt, and sister of Ebenezer Pratt, of this township. The} 7 had twelve chil- dren born to them, of whom eight are living — George, Resolved, Dudley, Carlin L., Abigail, Mary, Eva and Flavins. Abigail is the wife of Rev. Ephraim Wayman, of Chillicothe, 111. Eva is the wife of Elder Samuel W. Brown, of Washington, Pa. One HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 749 daughter, Mrs. Sarah Fuller AVyatt, died and left four children. A gon, Melzer N., was also married, and left two children at his death. Mr. Fuller was a L faithful member of the Methodist Epis- copal church. Dudley D. Fuller, of MillfieM, was born March 4, 1S47, son of Austin Fuller. lie was reared on a farm, and educated in a com- mon school and "Weethee's College. He followed farming for some time. He enlisted in the late war in Company A, One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Ohio Infantry, and served nine months; was dis- charged and enlisted in the Navy Department, in which he served on the United States steamer Huntress until the close of the war. Mr. Fuller was married Oct. 8, 1876, to Mary J. AVyatt, daughter of George AVyatt. They have had four children, one living — Edith A. Mr. Fuller was appointed Postmaster at Millfield in March, 1 v 79.- He keeps a general store, doing an annual business of §8,000. Russell JV. Fuller, M. D., was born in this township Jan. ■';. 1817. His father, Resolved Fuller, was a native of Connecticut, and came to this county in 1790. He walked the entire distance from Connecticut to this county with another boy. He was born in 1780, and was therefore but sixteen years old at that time. AA'hen he reached this then wilderness he had just three shillings. or oTj cents. He was industrious and economical, worked hard and grew wealthy. He bored the Chauncey salt well, and owned and operated the salt works there for some time. At one time he owned all the land where Chauncey now stands. He had a family of nine children, but two of whom are living — Russell X. and Hi- ram, of Marshtield, this county. The subject of this sketch was married in 1S40 to Eliza B. Cooley, daughter of Caleb Cooley. They have eight children—Charles, Mary, Emma, Kate, Esther, John R., Milton and Henry II. The Doctor was Assessor of this township two terms, Township Trustee one term, and Township Treasurer one term. He commenced the practice of medicine in 1 - 15, but has given np most of his practice of late. He owns a farm of 300 acres and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. Daniel Fulton, section 29, Dover Township, was born in Alex- ander Township, this county, Aug. 21, 1822. His father, Loam- mia Fulton, was a native of Pennsylvania, and came with his parents to Athens County when about five years old. and settled in the woods among wolves, deer, panthers, wildcats and Indians. Tne subject of this sketch was reared on the farm and educated in a subscription school. He commenced to learn the carpenter's 750 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. trade when seventeen years old. He worked on canal-locks on Hocking Canal about eight years, and built bridges several years. He has also carried on the farm until the present time. He was in the employ ot the Hocking Valley Iron Company as their agent for three years. Mr. Fulton was married Dec. 24, 1S46, to Lucy W., daughter of Josiah True. They have five children — Harmon, Mary and Emma (twins), Sarah Ida and John A. Mr. Fulton is a member of the Free-Will Baptist church. He owns 361 acres of valuable land, and is engaged in farming and stock- raising. John Harvey, farmer, section 1, Dover Township, was born in Washington County, Ohio, Nov. 22, 1826. His father, James Harvey, a native of Ayrshire, Scotland, born in November, 1S02, came to Barlow Township, Washington Co., Ohio, in ISIS. Mr. Harvey spent his boyhood days on his father's farm and attended a subscription school. He learned the carpenter's trade with his father, and also learned the wagm-maker's trade. He followed the latter, of winters, for many years. He came to this county in 1S53 and located in Dover Township, where he still lives. He en- listed in the late war in Company H, One Hundred and Forty first Ohio Infantry. He was married Feb. 5. 1S54, to Sarah, daughter of Jonas Rice. They had six children — James R., John O, Mary. Nettie, J. Henry and Elinor H. Mr. IL.rvey owns 145 acres of land and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He built sev- eral of the houses in this neighborhood, among them that of A. J. Willmarth, Alanson Courtney, Hugh Poston and Captain Phil- lips. James C. Headley, section 12, Dover Township, was born in Monroe County, Ohio, April 3, 1S40, son of Isaac Headley, of Morgan County, Ohio. He was reared on a farm and educated in a common school, and graduated from the Cincinnati Law School May 25, 1881. He was married April 20. 1S65, to Rhoda Lewis, daughter of Jacob Lewis. Mr. and Mrs. Headley have had seven children, of whom five are living — Laired J. V., Sabra L. O., Irena L. S., Sitha A. F. and Lucretia J. Mr. Headley came to this county in 1S69. For nine and a halt' years he ran a saw-mill, but at the present time is engaged in general farming. William JJuinj was born in Wales, Oct. 2, 1836. He was educated in the public schools of Wales, and came to America in 1850, stopping in New York City; thence to Pittsburg and Pome- rt >y, Ohio, where he lived about a year. He then worked on rail- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 751 roads a while, and came to Chauncey in 1856, where he has since resided, with the exception of the time he was in the army, and has worked in the coal mines at the Chauncey Salt Works. He enlisted in May, 1862, in Company E, Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry, and participated in the battles of Gettysburg, the Wilderness, and Fredericksburg, and was discharged in May, 1864, on account of disability, caused by a wound through the large part of the left leg, at the battle of Gettysburg. He was married May 26, 1858, to Lydia A. Birge, daughter of William A. Birge, of this county. They had six children, four of whom are living — Wilford, Will- iam, Winifred and John. Mr. Henry is a member of the Sons of Temperance. William S. Hyde was born in Homer Township, Morgan Co., Ohio, Jan. 29, 1819, and is a son of William Hyde, a native of JNew York City, who came to Morgan County, Ohio, about 1817. In 1S27 he removed to Millfield, this county, where he died Sept. 15, 1846. He owned large tracts of land around Millfield, and was extensively engaged in farming and in the mercantile business. Our subject was educated in a select school. He bought the farm where he now resides in 1860, and has recently £o!d it to the Buchtel Iron Company, but still resides here and is employed as the com- pany's agent. lie was married in the fall of 1813 to Iletta C. Andrews, daughter of Samuel Andrews. They have four chil- dren — Achsa, Emma, William and Maurice. Emma is married to Smith Jennings, of Nelsonville, and William to Adda Conant. and resides in Fairfield County, Ohio. Mr. Hyde was Infirmary Director of this county for nine years, and for many years was Trustee of Dover Township. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Nbrval W. James, shoemaker and farmer, was born in Coshoc- ton County, Ohio, March 16, 1833, and is a son of William James, a native of Pennsylvania, who came to Ohio about 1832. The family removed to Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1844. Mr. James came to this county in 1847, where he still resides. He was a soldier in the late war, in Company I, Thirty-sixth Ohio Infantry, about five months. He participated in the battle ot South Mountain, where he was wounded, on account of which he was discharged. He received a common-school education, and learned the shoemaker's trade in 1863, which he has since followed. Be has worked at his trade in Millfield about fifteen years. He ako carries on his farm of eighty-five acres on section 3. He was 7.V2 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. married Sept. 24, 1865, to Ruth, daughter oi William S. Gardner. They have seven children — Jessie, Minnie, William S., Nerval. Robert C, Ruth and an infant daughter. Mr. James was Post- master at Millfield for three years. William Johnson, section 30, Dover Township, was born in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, April 13,1828. His father, .lames Johnson, a native of Pennsylvania, settled at Somerset, I HiiOj when only a lew log cabins were there. The subject of this -ketch was reared on a farm, and educated in a common school, lie was married in March, 1853, to Elizabeth Gallington, daughter of Chester Gallington, of Helen Furnace, Ohio. They have had five children, ot whom two are living — Lydia and Dew. Lydia is the wife of Noah Johnson. Mr. Johnson, subject of this sketch, ewns 160 acres of land. A. J. Learned^ M. D., was born in Dover Township, Athens I o., Ohio, July 28, 1843. During his youth he worked on the farm in the summer and spent a part of the winter in attending the public schools. After he had attained some knowledge of the common branches, he entered the Weethee College, in Athens County. Aug. 19, 1SG1, he enlisted in the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and served until Nov. '.». L864. lie then came home, and June 15, 1S07, was married to Mary Daines, by whom he has seven children. In 1S73 Mr. Learned began the study ot medicine, and soon afterward entered the Columbus Medical College, at Colum- bus, Ohio, where he graduated in 1877. lie immediately began the practice of medicine, and has built up a fine practice, having an extended reputation as a physician. Martin R. Learned was born in Washington County, Ohio. Jan. 17, 1820. His father, Daniel Learned, a native of Connecticut. horn in 1767, moved to Washington County, Ohio, in 1S14, and to 1 >over Township, Athens County, in 1821. His mother was Cath- erine (Gilliland) Learned, born in 17>9. in New Jersey. He was reared on the old homestead and educated in a subscription school. Mr. Learned learned the trade of a millwright when young; followed that trade and the chair-making trade for about twenty years. He still has chairs in his possession that he made over forty years ago. lie built several flat-boats some years ago, ami during the high water he would run them down Sunday Creek to Booking, thence to the Ohio River. For the past twenty years he lias been engaged in tanning. lie was married Jan. • '>. 1842, to Mi-, I'rsula Werner, a daughter of John Werner. HISTORY 01 HOCKING VALLEY. 753 Thev bad four children, but one living — Eliza J., now the of James L. Howard. One daughter, Marietta, died at the age of thirty-four years. She was the wife of Sardine . Mr. Learned own- L62£ acres of valuable land. . the Learned family settled in the woods of Dover Town-hip L821, there were numerous deer, wolves, bears, panthers, and a few elk. There are but two men in the to wd ship who were , ; when they came. Mr. Learned'-, father died ' 28, 1862, at the age of ninety-five years. His mother is still living, and is ninety-four years old. She re granddaughter. M Eoward, on the old homestead, which our subject still o Daniel Learned was married twice, and was the father of twenty- four children. Aaron Lewis, the oldest native of York Township now living in Athens County, was born Feb. 18,1819 3am el Lewis, a native of Allegheny County. Pa., and an early settler of York Township, Athens County, having settled here prior to thewai _'. Our subject was brought up mostly on the old homestead, and educated in a subscription school; often had to walk three mile- through the deep -now in the wood- to school. Mr. L married Dec. 25, L844, to Sarah I'M:, daughter of Claudius L. Fisk. They had two children, both dead. One daughter, Emma J., left two children — Madge Dew and Mabel Russell, she having been married twice. Mrs. Lewis died Feb. 17. 1857, and Mr. Lewie again married, Sept. 14, 1859, Ruth 0. Summers, daughter of Thomas Summers. They had seven children, six liv- ing — Douglas A.. Francis M., Zua, Lee, Maggie and George W. Mi'. Lewis went with his parents to the head of Racco >n, in York men he was eleven years old, where he lived until the building of the Hocking Canal, when he returned to Hocking - uiviile, and 1. 'led in the valley. He removed to hi-, present farm in Dover Township in 1875, where he owns 320 acres of valuable land, and is»engaged in farming and He was A - - )f York Township for nineteen I for that township many years. Mr. Lewis . of an eno . partially petrified, which was found in the Hocking River by a Mr. Schoonoverin the iter of 1 -71-"2. It is supposed that it had lain beneath the sand and water for over 100 year-. • 754 HISTORY OF HOCKING YALLEY. Pulaski Lowry, an enterprising young business man, was born in Dover Township, this county, July 20, 1850. His father, Will- iam Lowry, was born in Athens Township in 1801, and was a son of Robert Lowry, a native of Ireland, and one of the first pioneers of Athens County. Our subject received a common-school educa- tion. He is now operating the Chauncey Salt "Works, and makes twenty-five barrels of salt daily. This salt is of the purest and best quality. Mr. Lowry was married in June, 1872, to Sarah J. North, daughter of Henry North, of Chauncey. They have had six chil- dren, four of whom are living — Alvira, Almira, Alice and Mary. Abram Martin, Superintendent of the Athens County Infirmary, was born in Lee Township, thiscounty, Nov. 29, 1S24. His father, Samuel Martin, was a native of Virginia, and an early settler of Athens Count} 7 . His mother was Hepsibah Merritt Martin. Our subject was the fourth of nine children, five of them now living — David, of Yinton County, Ohio; Elijah, of Woodson County, Kan sas; Abram; Josephus, of Yinton County, Ohio, and Nancy M., now Mrs. Cottrell, of Chariton Count}', Mo. Three of the de- ceased were grown — Harriet, Caleb and Thomas. Mr. Martin was reared on the farm and had very limited educational advantages, only having attended school for nine months in all. He was a soldier in the late war, in Company C, Thirty-sixth Ohio Infantry, for three years and one month, and participated in the battles of Louisburg, second Bull Run, South Mountain, x\ntietam, and many others. He was married Jan. 6, 184S, to Charlotte, daugh- ter of George Robinette. They had eight children, seven of whom are living— Ettie R, Hattie B., Charles W., George W., David M., John M. and Ella. Mr. Martin has always lived in this county except about six years spent in Yinton County. lie has held the present office since 1878. He owns a farm of 100 acres in Water- loo Township. Henry F. McCoy, M. D., physician and surgeon, Millfield, was born in Waterloo Township, Athens Co., Ohio, May 12, 1849, and and is a son of Daniel McCoy (deceased), a native of East Scotland, who settled in Athens County about 1842. Our subject's mother died when he was sixteen years eld. and this broke up the family and he was thrown entirely upon his own resources. He educated himself and taught school for seven years. During the last two years of his teaching he read medicine. During the winter of 1877-'78 he took a course of lectures at the Columbus (Ohio) Medi- cal College, and practiced the following season in Nelsonville, Ohio. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 755 He then returned to college, and graduated with high honors in the class of 1879. He at once removed to Chauncey, where he has built up a large and lucrative practice. He received two calls the day he located in Chauncey, and has practiced more or less every day since. He was married March 6, 1879, to Elizabeth, daughter of William Hawk, of Athens Township. They have one child — E. Maud. The Doctor is a Mason, and a member of the Method- ist Episcopal church. Joseph A. McKee, section 35, Dover Township, was born in Trimble Township, Dec. 26, 1835, and is a son of William McKee, now of Morgan County, Ohio, but a native of Greene County, Pa., who came to Athens County about 1820, and lived here till 1881. He is the father of seven children, four living — George W., Mary A., Sarah and Joseph A. One son, William W., was killed at the battle of JResaca in the late war. Mr. McKee was married Jan. 17, 1858, to Mahala Snyder, a daughter of George Snyder. They had. nine children, seven of whom are living — Sarah E., Mary I. Clara, William A., George W., Joseph J. and John A. Mr. Mc- Kee was Clerk of Trimble Township for six years, and was elected Justice of the Peace for Dover Township in 1879, and re-elected in 1882. Hejhas been Clerk of the Board of Education nearly ever since he became of age. He came to this township in February, 1868. He owns eighty acres of land, and is engaged in general farming. James McKitrick, M. D., was born near Morristown, Belmont Co., Ohio, Oct. 1, 1815, and is a son of John McKitrick (de- ceased), a native of Washington County, Pa., and an early settler of Belmont County. James left home when quite small, and early learned the blacksmith's trade. At the age of twenty-one years he left the shop and engaged in the mercantile business in Morgan ville, Ohio, where he remained [five years. He then read medicine under Dr. James Rusk, with whom he practiced six months. In 1841: he came to Milllield, where ho built up a large practice and remained until 1865, and then came to Chauncey and practiced until 1S81, when failing health compelled him to give up his practice, and he now resides on his farm adjoining Chauncey. His successor, Dr. H. V. McCoy, is a graduate from the Columbus Medical College, and a successful physician. Dr. McKitrick has always been an indus- trious and useful man. He has carried on his farm, and attended to his practice, enduring many privations and hardships. He was married March 29, 1815, to Miss Sarah W. Hyde, daughter of 756 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEV. William Hyde (deceased), an early settler of Athens County. They have one son — William S., who resides in Chauncey, and is a farmer and stock-raiser. The Doctor is a Presbyterian in religious faith, but is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church at Chauncey. He was always noted for his generosity and liberality, and always visited poor families when called, with or without pay. Jeremiah Morris, deceased, late of Dover Township, was born in Washington County, Penn., April 7, 1797, and was a son of Joseph Morris, a native of New Jersey. He came to this county about 1825. He married Mary A. Southerton, by whom he had five children, two living — Joseph and Dianna; one son, Jeremiah, died at the age of twenty-one years. Mrs. Morris died Jan. 19, 1832. Mr. Morris married, July 14, 1S33, Bethany L., daughter of Hamilton Lapham. She was born in New York State, Aug. 21, 1811. Mr. Morris died May 3, 1871. He was a member ot the Christian church. John Mourn, merchant, Chauncey, was born in York Township, Athens County, Oct. 11, 1831, and is a son of John Mourn, de- ceased, a native of Ireland, who came from Maryland to this county about 1818, and settled in the woods at Thompson's Ford, on Hocking River. He was the father of nine boys and one girl, of whom our subject was the third child. He was reared on the old homestead and received a common-school education. He started to California in the spring of 1852, overland route, arriving there the following October, and returned by the Nicaraugua steamship route in the fall of 1855, and settled in Dover Township, where he has since resided. He ran a saw-mill near Chauncey for three years, and was foreman of the Chauncey Salt Works for about eight- een years. In 1878 he became established in the mercantile busi- ness in < 'hauncey. He keeps a full line of everything usually kept in a first-class general store, and is doing a good business. He has held the office ot Clerk of Dover Township for the past eight years r and for the past five years has held the office of Postmaster at Chauncey. In the fall of 1S55 he married Sarah Six, a daughter ot Leonard Six, deceased. They had six children, of whom three are living — Addie, John W. and James B. One daughter, Araminta, died at the age of sixteen years, and a son, Saudell S., died at the age of six years. Three of Mr. Monro's brothers, Patrick, Robert and Thomas, were soldiers in the late war, in the Sixty-third Ohio In- fantry. The two latter were sticken down with the measles while in the service and died soon after returning home. Mr. and Mr. Mourn are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 757 William Ogg, section 7, Dover Township, farmer, stock-raiser and mechanic, was born in Hocking County, Ohio, May 14, 1833. His father, Andrew Ogg, came to Athens County when a young man and settled in Ames Township, and afterward removed to Hocking County. He returned with his family to Athens County in 1834, where he died in 1S65. Our subject learned the carpen- ter's trade when a young man, and followed that avocation con- tinually for twenty-eight years, when he began farming, though he occasionally works at his trade, lie was married June 5, 1856, to Eliza Tippe. They have had seven children, three living— Wes- ley, Sarah and Joseph. Mr. Ogg owns 110 acres of valuable land. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Rev. J. Green Potter, section 30, was born in Jefferson County, ]S\ Y., Oct. 27,«182S, and is a son of Jacob Potter, a native of Poultney, Vt., who removed to Jefferson County, N. Y., when a young man, and came with his family to this county in 1836, where the sub- ject of this sketch has since resided. He was brought upon a farm and received a common-school education, but for the most part is a self-made man. He has been a local preacher in the United Brethren church for the past twelve years. Mr. Potter was married Oct. 15, 1855, to Sarah M. Thomas. They have had eight children, seven of whom are living — Henry G., Mary P., Hettie E., Lulu M., Frank, Minnie R. and A. Eugene. One daughter, Ella, died in her seventeenth year. Mr. Potter taught school a few years when a young man. His son, Henry G., is in the employ of the Chicago Stock Publishing Company. Miss Hettie is a prominent teacher of Athens County. Ebenezer Pratt was born in Marietta, Ohio, June 19, 1813. His father, Azariah Pratt, was a native of Saybrook, Conn., and a descendant of Lieutenant William Pratt, who came from England to America in 1633, and was an early settler of Hartford. Aza- riah Pratt came to Marietta, Ohio, in the spring of 1788, but soon returned and remained until after the close of the Indian war. His wife, Sarah Nye, was in the fort at Marietta during that war. and saw the Indians attempt to kill George Meigs. Our subject came with some of the family to Dover Township in 1821 and did some work on their land, and one or two years later they moved here. He has since lived on the same farm. II is educational advantages were very limited. He was married, Dec. 31, 1835, to Susan W. Wells, daughter of Varnam G. Wells. They had six children, 758 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. four living — Mary, Minerva J. , Panthea and Sarah. ; one daughter, Lucy, died at the age of forty-three years. Mr. Pratt was Trustee of Dover Township about twelve years. He owns 1S6 acres of valu- able land, and is engaged in general farming. WiU lam H. Price, son of John H. Price, was born in Licking County, Ohio, April 11, 1850. He was reared on a farm and re- ceived a common-school education. He came to Athens County in July, 1870; has worked at various avocations, but has followed min- ing coal the greater part of the time for the past five years. Mr. Price married Mary J. Larch, April 11, 1S7S. They have one child — William H. Mrs. Price's father, John Larch, is a resident of Athens County. Peter Push, section 30, Dover Township, was born in Bedford Count}', Penn., March 11, 1806. His father, John Push, of Pennsylvania, brought his family to Perry County, Ohio, in 1S12. The subject of this sketch came to this county about 1830, which was then inhabited by deer, wolves and other wild animals, and has lived here ever since. Mr. Push was married Oct. 20, 1S26, to Susannah Linscott, daughter of Israel Linscott. They have had eleven children, of whom four are living — Calvin, George, Almira and Minerva. Alva J. was married, and at his death left four chil- dren — Peburta, George, Barbara E. and Martha. George carries on the farm. Another son of our subject, Hiram, died at the age of eighteen years. Mr. Rush owns sixty-live acres of land. Joel Sanders was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, March 16, 181-4. His father, Benjamin Sanders, a native of Georgia, was a Quaker, but was excommunicated for marrying Sarah Wilkins. Joel was the third of their sixteen children, of whom seven are living — Milton, of Boston, Mass.; Joel; Jesse, in Iowa; Alusha N., of Chicago; llebecca, of Wis.; Mrs. Margaret Ellis, of Iowa, and Mrs. Lizzie Donahue, of Davenport, Iowa. Mr. Sanders was married May 14, 1838, to Cynthia B., daughter of Ezra Johnson, an early settler of Athens County, who died here in 1873, in his eighty-fourth year. They have had five children, four living — Ben- jamin N., Charles D., Lewis W. and Chester L. One son, Joseph M., died in 1862 at the age of sixteen years. Mr. Sanders came to Athens County with his parents in 1830. lie was Postmaster at Millfield for seven years; was Trustee of Dover Township three years, Superintendent of Infirmary eight years, Township Clerk seven years, and was elected Justice of the Peace in 1882. One son, Charles D., was a soldier in the late war. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 759 Ebmezer Shanerw&s born in Muskingum County, Ohio, .Jan. 7, L81 -1. His father, Adam Slianer, was born on Little Yah River, Pa., about 1784; and his grandfather, Matthias Shaner, was a German by birth and a Revolutionary soldier. Adam Shaner set- tled in Muskingum, Ohio, in L805. The subject of this sketch was brought upon the farm and educated in a subscription school- He helped to operate the first saw-mill that was built in the vicin- ity of Zanesville. He came to this county in December, 1834, where he has since lived, except a short time spent in Morgan County. lie was married March 18, 1834, to Mary A., daughter of Joseph Taylor. They have had eleven children, six living— Adam, Debora A., Loviua E., Samantha R., George and HattieM. Mr. and Mrs. Slianer lost three sons in the late war while lighting for their country. Oliver P. was" in Company A, Thirty-first Ohio Infantry. Davis was in Company A, Sixty-third Ohio Infantry, and Justice T. was in Company B, Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry. The others, Elizabeth J . and Win. II., were aged eighteen and two'years respectively. Mr. Shaner was also a sol- dier in the late war, in Company A, Sixty-third Ohio Infantry. lie was taken sick and was discharged after being in the hospital about eighteen months. He now draws a pension. Mr. Shaner has always been a farmer, and has seen many hardships and priva- tions. William O. Silvey , agent of the Hocking Valley Railroad Com- pany, express agent and Postmaster at Salina, Athens County, was born in Marietta, Ohio, May 24, 1845, a son of John Silvey, a native of Pennsylvania, who resides in Middleport, Ohio. Our subject received his education in Wheelersburg, Ohio, working on a farm near by in summer, and attending school winters. lie enlisted in the late war, in < iompany E, Thirty-third Ohio Infantry, for three years, and participated in the battles of Stone River, Chickamauga and Resaca. He was then taken sick and sent to Hos- pital No. 3, Nashville, but in a few days was detailed one of Gen- eral Rosecrans's clerks, in which capacity he served until he was discharged in October, 1864. He worked at feeding horses for the Q-overnmenta short time after returning from the war, then went to Racine, Ohio, where he engaged in the silversmith trade, but soon after abandoned it and engaged in the boot and shoe business, lie went to Vincent Station on the M. & C. R. R. in L868, where he learned telegraphy. He came to Salina in 1869, and clerked in the Salt Company's store, and had charge of the telegraph office 760 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. here at the same time. As soon as the railroad was completed to Salina he entered into the employ of the company at Nelsonville, and about a month later took charge of the office at Salina, where he still remains. Mr. Silvey was married Oct. 26,1871, to Aurelia Chamberlin, by whom he has one child — "William II. Mrs. Silvey died Oct. 26, 1874, and he again married, May 1, 1877, Ruth Bar- ker, daughter of Joseph Barker, an early settler of Athens County. This union lias been blessed with two children — Effie May and Annie Aurelia, the former live j^ears and the latter three years old. Mr. Silvey is a Mason and a member of the Methodist Epis- copal church. Charles It. Smith was born in Rhode Island, Dec. 12, 1817. His father, Stephen Smith, was a sea captain for many years, some- times being absent from home two years at a time. Our subject received his early education at Providence and Newport, R. I., and in the Manual Labor School at Pawtucket. At the latter place he prepared for college and entered Brown University in 1835, but left at the close of the Sophomore year, on leave of absence, and finally drifted to Hocking Valley, Ohio, and never returned. "When he came West he had no definite object in view, but came merely to see the world west of the mountains. His route here was via Long Island Sound, Hudson River, New York Central R. R. (then terminating at Utica), Erie Canal, Lake Erie, to Ashta- bula; thence by stage to Steubenville; thence by Ohio River to Marietta; thence on horseback to Athens, arriving at the latter place in August, 1839. He clerked for ten months in Norman Root's store, when he was homesick and started home, but his finances gave out at Pittsburg, and he w T ent to work to obtain money to complete his journey. "While there he met Frederick Harbach, a young surveyor from Massachusetts, who was also homesick and without money. They talked matters over and con- cluded to go "West, whereupon they put their scanty means together and bought a skiff and some provisions and floated down the Ohio River to the mouth of the Hocking, where our subject stopped off temporarily, while Harbach went to St. Louis, intending to send for Smith as soon as he should find a position for him; but he never sent tor him. Mr. Smith then came to Chauncey, which was then just building up. After a short time as bookkeeper, he became clerk for Ewing, Vinton & Co., the original salt company, and afterward became superintendent of their business. The first coal that was shipped from Hocking Valley into the market was HfSTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 761 done under Mr. Smith's supervision. By his scientific system of bookkeeping and calculation, he showed to the Hocking Valley Coal and Salt Company that they were making no money on the salt produced, and they abandoned its manufacture in 1881. Our subject was appointed Postmaster of Chauncey in 1842, and the same year was elected to the office of Justice of the Peace. He filled both offices with credit to himself and satisfaction to the peo- ple tor many years. For six years he was Infirmary Director, and for many years Treasurer of Dover Township. The Esquire was a prominent candidate before the Republican nominating convention in 1876, and in 1879 he left the party and now votes with the Dem- ocrats. He was married in December, 1842, to Eliza Everett, ot Ames Township, a daughter of George Everett (deceased), an early settler of that township. They had four children, two of whom are living— Maria (now Mrs. Thomas Sheppard, ot Nelsonville), and Charles R., Jr., of Chicago. One son, Frederick H., died, in Missouri, May 15, 1873, at the age of twenty-six years. Mrs. Smith died July 17, 1849, and he again married, April 7, 1851, Rachel Haning, a daughter of Isaac Haning, by whom he has had four children, two living — George H., a merchant of Chauncey, and Mary A., now Mrs. Geo. H. Knight, ot Providence, R. I. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are members of the Presbyterian church in Athens. David Smith was born in Ward Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, June 19, 1849, a son of Robert H. Smith, of Missouri. Mr. Smith spent his boyhood days on the farm, and attended the com- mon schools. At the age of twenty he came to Chauncey, and has since been engaged in mining coal. For the past two years he has worked in the mine at the Chauncey Salt "Works. He was married March 19, 1S72, to Anna, daughter of Nathan Pickett, an old set- tlor of this county, but now a resident of Kansas. They had three children, two of whom are living — Nettie and Robert. He is a member of I. O. O. F. William SmifJi was bom in this township June 18, 1845, and is a son of John Smith, a native of Athens County. His grand- father. Samuel Smith, was a native of Virginia, and an early settler in Athens County. Mr. Smith was a soldier in the late war, in Company A. Sixty-third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and accompanied Sherman to the sea. He was married Jan. 1, 1S66, to Dorcas, daughter of John Shannon. She was born in "Waterloo rownship, this county. Her father came with his parents to this 762 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. county when a small boy. Mr. Smith's parents had fourteen chil- dren, nine of whom are now living — Isaac, Samuel, William, John, Elisha, Ezra, Mary, Elizabeth and Belle. The father died in 1873, at the age of sixty-nine. Mrs. Smith's parents had nine children, six of whom are living — Jackson, Sarah, Eleanor, Nancy, John and Dorcas. Charles W. Southerton, Sunday Creek Valley, one and a half miles north of Chaunce}*, was born in Dover Township, where he now lives, May 22, 1831. His father, James Southerton, came to Athens County from Englandin 1820, and settled where our sub- ject now resides. He married Harriet Renment, and they had eight children, four now living — James P., Harriet (Mansfield), Rhoda A.' (White), and Charles W-, who was brought up on the old homestead and received a common-school education. He owns 520 acres of valuable land, and is engaged in farming and stock- raising. He was married Dec. 9, 1S57, to Lydia Deshler, daughter of Christopher Deshler. They had four children, but one of whom is living — Cora C. One son, Hiram W., died at the age of eight years. Mr. Southerton's father died in 1810. James P. Southerton was born in the parish of Sussex, England, Dec. 17, 1811, and is a son of James Southerton, a native of the same place, who brought his family to this county in 1821, and settled in Dover Township. Our subject was educated in the select, or subscription, schools of the pioneer days. There was a log cabin where the family settled, and one acre slashed. Mr. Southerton has helped clear two farms. When he settled where he now lives it was in the woods. He was married in June, 1S3G, to Elizabeth II., daughter of James Musgrave, a native of Virginia. She was born in Tyler County, Va., and came to Muskingum County with her parents in 1S33, and to this county in 1835. They have had thirteen children, of whom eight are living — Sarah A., William B., Clark N., L. Horton, Hiram, Maria, Edwin and Alice. Mr. Southerton has worked at the cooper's trade winters for the past thirty or more years. He owns 223 acres of valuable land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. Mrs. Southerton is a member of the Methodist church. Jonathan Spaulding, section 1, Dover Township, was born in Hillsboro County, N. II., March 29, 1805, a son of A. Spaul- ding. He went with his parents to Windham County, Vt, in 1816, where the father died. Our subject went to Massachusetts in 1822, to Maryland in January, 1829, and Philadelphia in 1S30. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 763 He helped build the first railroad that was built in the United States, between Quincy and Milton, Mass., in about 182-i. It was only four miles long. Mr. Spaulding worked at granite-stone cut- ting twelve years. From 1834 to 1836 he superintended the build- ing of the first railroad that crossed the Allegheny Mountains. He helped build the first railroad out of Baltimore, and the first one out of Philadelphia. He also helped to run the first railroad en- gine ever run in the United States. In 1836 he helped build the limestone bridge on the turnpike across Will Creek, at Cumber- land, Md., and in 1837 he came to Zanesville, Ohio, where he cut stone three years. He came to Athens County in 1810, where he has been farming and working at his trade until the last few years. He was married in March, 1836, to Melinda Parr, a native of Ad- ams County, Pa. They had eight children, five living — Jonas R., William A., John M., Susan R. and Mary A. One son, Eli, died at the age of twenty-one years. Mrs. Spaulding died in January, 1870, and Mr. Spaulding was married in July, 1872, to Mrs. Sidney Bay, who died in January, 1873. His son, William A., lives on the old homestead with his father and runs the farm. He married Mary Hoisington, by whom he has two children — Lizzie and Bertie. The family are Methodists. John H. Spaulding married Charlotte Richmond and has two children — Harrie and Nellie. He lives ad- joining the old homestead in Dover Township. John A. Stephenson was born in Newark, Ohio, Feb. 21 , 1835, and is a son of James A. Stephenson, who brought his family to Athens County in 183!». Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in Nelsonville. He farmed from 1857 to 1861, when he enlisted in the late war in Company H, Sixty-third Ohio Infantry, and served four years. He was in detached service all the time in the commissary department, under supervision of Colonel Gr. W. Ba- ker. He was present at the battles of Corinth, Champion Hills, siege of Vicksburg, Brandon, Nashville, Iuka and others. He came to Chauncey in 1866. Oct. 29, 1S57, he married Clara Birge, daugh- ter of William A. Birge. They have four children— Ollie L. (now Mrs. J. K. Brown), James W., Grade O. and Bertha B. Our sub- ject's brother, James K. P. Stephenson, was killed at the battle of Bull Run, while in defense of his country. Mr. Stephenson has been a miner for the past seventeen years, and has worked all that time in the mine of the Chauncey Salt Works. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. 764 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Austin True, section 18, Dover Township, was born on the old homestead, where he now resides, March 6, 1818, and was a son of Josiah True (deceased). Mr. True was brought up on the old homestead, and- received but limited educational advantages. He has always lived on the farm, and formerly was extensively engaged in dealing in stock, buying and shipping to Baltimore. He was married Feb. 11, 1844, to Jane, daughter of Resolved Fuller. They have had four children, three of whom are living — Hiram, Sarah and John. The first married 'Julia Weethee, and had one child — Marcus W. His wife died, and he then married Helen Moore. They have two children — Evelyn and Augusta. Sarah True mar- ried Levi Sprague, and has had five children — Florence L. (de- ceased), "Wiley T., "Warren V., Myra G. and Jennie E. John True married Mattie Maxwell, and has three children — Effie J., Laura E. and Lydia. Hiram was in the late war about nine months. He is now a physician in McConnelsville, Ohio. Mr. True owns about 1,000 acres of valuable land, and is engaged in farming and stock- raising. Mrs. True died in October, 1853. Mr. True never seeks for office or public favors. J. P. Weethee is descended from New England parentage. His father, Daniel "Weethee, and his mother, Lucy "Wilkins, came from Southern New Hampshire to Ohio in 1798. Mr. "Weethee settled in Dover Township, Athens County. Miss Wilkins being then sin- gle lived with her parents in the vicinity of Athens. After their marriage thev began their log-cabin life on Sunday Creek, in North Dover. An unbroken wilderness covered that part of the county. The Indians were there, but were preparing to move toward the distant "West. This couple had no company for some years but the red man and the wild beasts of the impenetrable forests — the bear, the panther and numerous packs of wolves, which congregated on hills and points in early eve to hold their night revels, and serenade the stars. Such a life was in gloomy contrast to the refined society of their New England homes. They were young, however, and a bright future was in anticipation. Mrs. "Weethee ended a long and quiet life on the same farm, while her husband, who survived her some years, died in Ames Township. They now sleep quietly together on a rise of ground, which commands a pleasing view of their early wilderness home. J. P. "Weethee, the subject of this memoir, was one of a numerous family born in a wilderness. His early thoughts were such as his surroundings would naturally suggest. His infancy, childhood ami HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 765- early youth were confined exclusively to Sunday Creek, and to what his Sunday Creek home was able to teach. His childhood was without any except parental instruction. His schooling in early youth was confined to two or three months in the year. His teachers knew nothing of the science of geography, had but lim- ited knowledge of the higher rules of arithmetic, and very seldom taught even the first principles of English grammar. Under such imperfect tuition Mr. "Weethee spent his first fifteen years. "With a view to a more educational turn of lite Mr. "Weethee, in the fall of 1827, entered the Academical Department of the Ohio University. Being so imperfectly drilled in the primary branches, and knowing, little else than the uncouth manners of backwoods boys, his proa-, ress in Latin and in other branches was by no means flattering to himself or to the expectations of his relatives. He has often re- marked that his first year at the University was apparently thrown away, and yet it prepared his constitution for the severe drill which followed in after years. It was a preparatory year. In the fall of 1532, one-half year being occupied in teaching, Air. Weethee took the degree of A. B., and that fall, about a month after his graduation, he commenced the study of medicine, under the private tuition of A. V. Medbery, M. D., a practicing physician of Athens. Under his instruction Mr. "Weethee continued two years. The mis- cellaneous exercises of those two years opened up to Mr. "Weethee a new field of future usefulness. During the vacation that fol- lowed his graduation, a camp-meeting was held by Rev. John Morgan and others, Cumberland Presbyterian ministers from the South (Alabama). In the great revival of that camp-meeting, Mr. Weethee made a profession of faith in Christ, and during the follow- ing winter joined the Athens church of that denomination. During the two years of Mr. "Weethee's medical studies he was occupied in Sabbath-schools, in various religious meetings and in Scripture investigations. Another field of future usefulness, one that seemed more vitally important, now called his attention — the ministry; for to do good, rather than to make money, appeared to Mr. "Weethee the highest motive of existence. In the fall of 1834 Mr. "Weethee went to Pittsburg, Penn., and placed himself under the care of the Pennsylvania Presbytery of the Cumberland Pres- byterian church and commenced his studies for the ministry under Rev. J. Morgan, then Pastor of the Cumberland Presbyterian con- gregation at Uniontown, Pa. At that location was Madison College, whose first President was Rev. II. B. Bascom, the great orator of 766 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the time. Difficulties in the Methodist Episcopal church finally caused the college to suspend. By invitation of the trustees he opened a school in the college building. For the first three weeks he had but three pupils. He remained at the college eight years, graduated classes, and saw for years over 100 students during each session. Those were for Mr. Weethee (he being President) years of great mental exercise. He had at times to fill each pro- fessorship. He commenced teaching at sunrise, and usually heard from fifteen [to twenty classes a day. On Saturdays he rode eighteen miles to a church, preached at night and on Sabbath at 11 a. m., and rode home in the afternoon ready to commence col- lege exercises on Monday morning. He had no mental vacation. In 1842 Mr. "Weethee was elected to the Presidency of Beverly College, Washington County, Ohio, and in the fall of that year he moved to Beverly and took charge of the institution. This college was placed under the care of the Pennsylvania Synod of the Cum- berland Presbyterian church. It being in the vicinity of Marietta College, an old and well-established institution, its prospects were by no means flattering. During his first winter (1812 -'3) Mr. "Weethee took his first departure from what is generally regarded the "Orthodox faith." On examining the prophecies'relative to the future, more espe- cially those of Daniel ii., vii., viii. and ix., and of the Apocalypse, Mr. "Weethee concluded that those chains of prophecy were about to close, and as they brought the Son of Man again from heaven he believed that the advent was near. He considered it his duty to make public his convictions, being fully persuaded that the mes- sage would be glad tidings to all that loved his appearing. Oppo- sition to those doctrines soon taught Mr. "Weethee that Paul was mistaken when he said, " that a crown was laid up for all that loved his appearing," or that there were but few Christians. Op- position, however, did not deter him from proclaiming the truth. AVherever amongst all denominations a door was opened, Mr. "Weethee was heard in heralding the coming Redeemer. In the fall of 1S11 Mr. Weethee, by invitation, visited Cincin- nati, where he continued to preach during part of the winter. In the following spring (1815) he removed to Cincinnati and took charge of the Second Advent congregation, with which he con- tinued till the spring of 1818. His ministerial labors while re- siding in the Queen City were constant and quite severe. In the spring of 1818 he removed to Boston, Mass., and took charge of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 767 the Chardon Street Church, where he remained till the fall of 1851. During his sojourn in Boston Mr. Weethee's labors in the great proclamation were more arduous than at Cincinnati. He was called to attend tent meetings in various parts of New England. He held protracted meetings in New York City, continuing six weeks, he speaking every night; also at Philadelphia, Lancaster, Baltimore, Brooklyn, Providence, Worcester, Bangor, Me., Wood- stock on the St. John's, N. B., Halifax, Nova Scotia, and in various other locations in the East. While residing in Boston Mr. Wee- thee took his second departure from popular orthodoxy, the re- jection ol man's natural immortalit} 7- . and the doctrine of endless torment. He holds Paul's declaration to be literally true, that "the wages of sin is death [not eternal conscious torments], but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord." In the fall of 1851 Mr. Weethee returned again to Ohio, visiting- Cleveland and Cincinnati. In a severe winter he returned from Cincinnati to Sunday Creek, the place of his nativity. In the fall of 1S53 he took charge of the Amesville Academy, and continued in that institution two years teaching and preaching. In the summer of 1855 he was elected President of Waynesburg College, located at Waynesburg, Greene Co., Pa. This college belonged, in its management, to the Pennsylvania Synod of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. In the fall of 1855 Mr. Wee- thee removed to Waynesburg and entered upon his duties as Pres- ident of the college. In that institution was a female department so constructed (not by the charter) as to give two heads to one in- stitution. This arrangement did not suit his ideas ol a college. Still he continued there till the fall of 1858, when he resigned and returned to Ohio. During Mr. Weethee's Presidency the number of students increased from 70 to 143. He was not forced to leave, but he deemed it best so to do. He graduated three classes. During his sojourn in Waynesburg he was called upon by the citi- zens to do much of the preaching. By request of the citizens he delivered a course of seven lectures, two hours each, to large audi- ences, on the nature and destiny of man. In 1865 Mr. Weethee commenced teaching at his own residence which afterward grew into Weethee College, which was incorpo- rated. Many students attended this institution. Its location is high and commanding and the site unusually healthy. Owing to its surroundings the institution has never commanded, at anyone time, a large number of students; still it has had a reasonable patron- 768 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. age. Mr. Weethee put all his means into the buildings, apparatus and cabinet, and consequently cramped himself as to his pecuniary re- sources. From 1S69 to 1875-'6 he was a worker in the Atlantic & Lake Erie Railway scheme, which afterward was changed to the Ohio Central. His labors of nearly seven years were lost in that enterprise. He was a Director and attended the last meeting of its board. That Ohio Central is the father of the present Ohio Central. Mr. Weethee consumed time in geological researches to ascertain the mineral resources of Sunday Creek Valley. His reports are found in parts of the State geological reports of Dover and Trimble townships, Athens County. From 1876 to the present time (1883) he has resided at his own quiet home on Mount Auburn, North Dover, Sunday Creek Valley. He spends his time principally in writing on the prophetic Scriptures, which are published weekly in a religious periodical called The Restitution. His views on great moral and religious topics are unpopular, yet he is fearless in pro- claiming his convictions. He thinks it safer to please God than to bow to the opinions of men. On all Scripture doctrines he consults the original Hebrew and Greek. What they teach he receives as the Divine voice. Mr. Weethee's habits have always been strictly temperate, mostly teetotal. He has never made use of tobacco, regarding the practices of chewing and smoking filthy, intemperate and morally degrading. He never uses ardent-spirits as a beverage. He pities the weak- ness of the drunkard, and utterly abhors the drunkard-makers. Had he the power dram-shops would immediately cease from the earth, and men from necessity would remain sober. He is there- fore a high type of prohibitionism. He uses neither tea nor coffee. The proceeds of these habits he devotes to the proclamation of the glad tidings of Christ's coming and reign. At the age of twenty-four years he married Miss Ann C. KreppSj of Philadelphia, with whom he is now living. She has always been to him, what every wife should be, a helpmate. A lady of deep re- ligious convictions, she has always aided her husband, by her indus- try and strict economy, to carry the gospel to the poor. Depriving herself of all luxuries she saves means to send to the aid of mission- ary efforts in distant lands, especially to the Hebrews. Ten miles due north of Athens in the valley of Sunday Creek, in a beautiful Gothic cottage on Mount Auburn, lives this couple in peace and in domestic quietude, Mrs. Weethee diligently occupied HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 769 with her domestic affairs and with her garden of choice flowers, watching also the signs of the times, while her husband at his desk, pen in hand, choice books before and around him, sends forth weekly articles from the prophecies. Though living in retirement, yet by means of his pen he speaks weekly in various cities of the United States, Canada, England, Scotland, Holland, Switzerland, Jerusalem, India, New Zealand and to other parts of the world, look- ing for that blessed hope, the appearing of the Great God, even our Savior, Jesus, the Christ. Laurentius Weethee, deceased, late of Dover Township, was born on the old homestead in North Dover, on Sunday Creek, March 10, 1810, and is a brother of Prof. Perkins Weethee, of this township. Our subject was educated in the common schools. The family removed out of the old house into the new one when he was four years old, and he lived there until his death, and ate within two feet of the same place for sixty-four years. He was married Feb. 25, 1826, to Lucy Nye. They had three children, but one now living — Lydia, now Mrs. Dr. Sprague, of Toronto, Canada, Mrs. Weethee died Feb. 23, 1864, and Oct. 1, 1865, he married Mrs. Nancy Johnson, daughter of John D. Johnson, of Pennsyl- vania. They had three children — Emma, Albert and Lucy. Mr. Weethee died March 28, 1879. He was a man of very marked character, honest, upright, benevolent, and the poor man's friend. He was a kind neighbor, and true Christian gentleman. He was a farmer and stock-raiser, and owned 540 acres of valuable land, Andrew J. Willmarth was born in Fairfield, Franklin Co., Vt., Juno 17, 1811. His father, Rufus W. Willmarth, was also a native of Fairfield and a son of Ephraim Willmarth, a Revolu- tionary officer, who was wounded at the battle of Bennington. The Willmarths are descendants of John Willmarth, who came from England to America in a very early day. Our subject's Grand- father Willmarth and two brothers, John and Asa, were ship car- penters. Mr. Willmarth came to Muskingum County, Ohio, with his parents in 1818, and to this county in 1832, where he has since resided except three years spent in Clinton County, Ohio. He was married in the fall of 1833 to Sarah, daughter of Jacob Larue. They had one child — Sarah, now Mrs. Madison. Mrs. Willmarth died and he married, May 15, 1867, Mary, daughter of James Pugsley. Mr. Willmarth owns 137£ acres of valuable land. 49 770 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF TRIMBLE TOWNSHIP. Josiah Allen, dealer in hardware, furniture and lumber, senior member of the firm of Allen & Chadwell, is the oldest son of J. J. and Amanda R. (nee Fowler) Allen. He was born in Trimble Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Aug. 13, 1859, and lived with his parents until manhood. He attended the common schools and six terms at the Mt. Auburn College; during a part of that time was engaged as teacher of the grammar branches. He attended the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, during the spring term of 1881. In the fall of 1878 he began teaching a Normal School at Trimble, and was thus engaged until 18S2. He also attended the Ohio University at Athens during the spring term of 1879. June 1, 1882, he engaged in the lumber and hard- ware business near Trimble. Dec. 20, the same year, he estab- lished his present business iu Trimble with Mr. Chadwell, and they now have a flourishing and increasing trade. Mr. Allen is a Master Mason, member of Bishopville Lodge, No. 470, A. F. & A. M. He is a member of the Disciple church and an ordained minister. gliomas Biddison, farmer, the oldest son of William and Mar- garet (Forker) Biddison, was born in Perry County, Ohio, July 10, 1837. When fourteen years of age his parents removed to Athens County. At the age of twenty-one years he began farming for himself. Aug.l7,1864,he enlisted in Company E,' One Hundred and Seventy- fourth Ohio Infantry, as a private for one } r ear, at Hartleyville, Ohio; was engaged with his regiment at Murfreesboro in 1864, and was wounded and sent to the hospital, and remained until February, 1865, when he received a furlough and was home one month. He then returned to Columbus and remained a short time; then to Camp Denison, where he was discharged, May 29, 1S65. After his return home he purchased a farm, but sold it a year later and purchased a grist-mill in Morgan County. He ran his mill seven years and then sold out and rented land in Trimble Township, and farmed five years. He then purchased the farm on which he now resides. Jan. 8, 1860, he married Delilah, daughter of Morris and Emily (Edwards) Bryson, of Trimble Township. They have ten children — Henry, Maria, Elmer G., Luella, Sidney M., Silas, Ores A., Dilla M., Garfield, Clades L. and Rosie E. William Biddison, Jr., farmer, is the second son of William and Margaret (Forker) Biddison. He was born in Perry County. Ohio, Dec. 10, 1847. When he was three years of age his parents HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 771 removed to Athens County, where he was reared, and received a com- mon-school education. March 5, 1865, he enlisted in Company A,One Hundred and Ninety -sixth Ohio Infantry, as a private for one year. He was with the command in the Shenandoah Valley; mustered out at Baltimore in September, 1865,and returned to Camp Chase, Ohio, where he was discharged Oct. 1, 1865. He then returned home and worked on a farm a year, and in the coal mines during the winter of 1866. In March, 1870, he rented land and farmed three years. He then removed to the home farm near Trimble and lived there four years. In April, 1877, he returned to the farm on school section, and has been farming to the present time. He has served as Township Trustee two years. Dec. 23, 1879, he married Loretta, daughter of S. T. and Mary (Swift) Kempton, of Trimble, Ohio. They have six children — Mary M., Laura A., William T., Dosie A., and Bertha M. and Bessie W. (twins), all at home. Raymond died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Biddison are members of the Disciple church. Wm. H. Braddock, jeweler, is the oldest son of M. J. and Julia (Meloy) Braddock, of New Lexington, Ohio. He was horn March 23, 1859, at New Lexington, Ohio, and lived there with his parents until nineteen years old, receiving a common-school education. March 3, 1879, became to Trimble, Ohio, and worked at his trade as jeweler, in the store of G. A. Russell, until Oct. 23 of that same year, when his father-in-law gave him property in Trim- ble, where he located his present business and has continued to the present time with an increasing business. During the years 1880 and 1S81 he had groceries in connection with his jewelry busi- ness. He is a Master Mason, member of Bishopville Lodge, No. 170, A. F. & A. M., Bishopville, Ohio. July 3, 1879, he mar- ried Clara, daughter of James and Mary A. (Vore) Duffee, of Trimble, Ohio. They had one child — William M. Mrs. Braddock is a member of the Disciple church. Isaac E. Chappelear, proprietor of livery and feed stable at Corning, Perry County, and Trimble, Athens County, second son of James W. and Mary (Murphy) Chappelear, was born near Ring- gold, Morgan Co., Ohio. At the age of twenty -one years he rented a farm in Morgan County, and farmed four years. From August, 1S80, to August, 1881, he was engaged in the sale of patent medicines for M. C. Chappelear, of Zanesville, Ohio, traveling through the counties of Muskingum, Washington, Athens, Guern sey, Morgan, Noble and Harrison. In the fall of 18S1 he was en- 772 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. gaged in the hardware and grocery business at Byesville, Guernsey Co., Ohio, for three months, when he traded his stock of goods for lands in Missouri. In the spring of 1882 he established his liv- ery and feed stables at Corning, Ohio, and in February, 1883, he opened his stables at Trimble. He is a Master Mason, member of Lodge No. 470, A. F. & A. M., Bishopville, Morgan Co., Ohio; was Senior Deacon of lodge from November, 1878, to November 1879, and Secretary from November, 1879, to November, 1880. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Harvey D. Danford, M. V., physician, is the second son of John and Mary (Bradrick) Danford, and was born in Homer Town- ship, Morgan Co., Ohio, Sept. 23, 1844. He lived with his parents on the farm until seventeen years of age, and received a common-school education. In October, J 861, he enlisted in Com- pany F, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and was with that regiment some five months, when on account of his age he was sent home. Returning home he attended select school until June, 1863, when he enlisted in Company I, First Ohio Heavy Artillery, as a private for three years, or during the war. His command was first sta- tioned at Covington, Ky. ; from there to Lexington, Ky.; then at Fort Clay until February, 1864. They were then removed to Burside Point on the Cumberland River. In March they were removed to Knoxville, Tenn., and for several months were engaged in scout- ing the surrounding eountry; from there to Greenville, Tenn. In the spring of 1864 he was detailed by special order as an Orderly to Colonel C. G. Hawley, acting Brigadier-General, and served in that capacity until his term of service expired. July 25, 1865, he was discharged with his command at Knoxville, Tenn., and mustered out at Camp Denison, Ohio, Aug. 24 following, and returned home and attended school for a few months. Then engaged in the oil business for a short time. In the fall of 1S66 he began the study of medicine with Dr. W. E. "W. Shepard, of Nelsonville, Ohio; was with him three years, and during that time took two courses in the medical college of Cincinnati, Ohio, graduating March 1,1870. May 1, 1S70, he located at Trimble, Ohio, with Dr. John Dew. They practiced together three years. Dr. Danford is a member of Bishopville Lodge, No. 470, A. F. & A. M., Bishopville, Ohio; Athens Chapter, No. 39, R. A. M.; Athens Council, No. 15, R.A 8, M., and Athens Commandery, No.15, Knights Templar. April 10, 1872, he married Lydia, daughter of Morris and Emily (Edwards) Bryson, of Trimble. They have one child— Yernon G. Mr. Dan- ford is a member of the Disciple church. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 773 Silas J. Danford, dealer in general merchandise, is the senior member of the firm of Danford 6c Bradrick, Trimble, Ohio. He is the second son of John and Mary (Bradrick) Danford, and was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Feb. 7, 1848, and lived with his parents on the farm until manhood. He attended the common select schools and at the age of seventeen commenced teaching. In the spring of 1808 he attended the Iowa University at Mt. Pleas- ant, two terms. After leaving the University he taught school during the winter of 1868 and 1869. He returned to Morgan County, Ohio, in the spring of 1869, and resumed teaching, mak- ing his home at his father's. In the spring of 1871 he went to Iowa and Missouri in the interest of a patent hay-rake and fork, and was there three months. He returned home in the summer of 1S71, and taught until the spring of 1873, when he went to Akron, Ohio, and attended the Akron Business College one term. He then taught until September, I s 77. when he came to Trim- ble, Ohio, and purchased a grocery of E. X. Morehead. In the fall of 1880 he added dry goods, having at other times com- bined stationery and notions. In 1881 he added hardware in connection with his other business and continued the business alone until Dec. 1, 1881, when he formed a partnership with John F. Chadwell, and conducted the business under the firm name of Dan- ford & Chadwell one year. In December, 1S82, they dissolved partnership by mutual assent. He then rented his property to other parties and purchased the property and established the present firm where they now are doing an increasing business near the depot. Since the spring of 1878 he has been Township Treasurer. He is a member of the Disciple church. JI- P. Davis, If. Z>., physician, is the oldest son of Malon and Hylinda (Anderson) Davis. He was born near Long Island, N« J.. May 13, 1813. His parents moved to Zanesville, Ohio, when he was a small boy, and from there to "Wolf Creek, Morgan Co., Ohio, where he lived and worked on a farm and received a common-school education. He taught school during the winter months, and attended college for a time at Granville, Ohio. At the age of twenty-one years he began the study of medicine with Dr. E. "W". Tinker, of Rosseau, Morgan Co., Ohio, and was with him about three years. In the spring of 1838, he located in Amesville, Athens County, and practiced there three years. He then removed to Perry County, Ohio, and practiced there two years; then lived in South Charleston, Ohio, one year, when he 774 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. returned to Perry County and purchased a farm near Miller Town and carried on farming in connection with his practice until the spring of 1852. In April, 1852, he sold his property and pur- chased a farm near Trimble. In December, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Sixty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for three years as First Lieutenant. In May, 1862, he came home with the remains of his son who died at Corinth, and resigned his position and re- sumed the practice of his profession and farming until his death, Feb. 29, 1876. Dec. 13, 1838, he married Lydia A.,. daughter of Samuel and Mary II. (Tinker) Morrow, of Perry County, Ohio. Four children were born to them, only two now living — Amanda S. and Arius N. Lydia V. died at the age of two years. Malon Oscar died at Corinth, Miss., May 27, 1862. He was drummer of Com- pany E, Sixty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Mrs. Davis lives at the homestead with her son Arius. Lewis W. Fulton, farmer, Trimble Township, Athens County, is the oldest son of Zephaniah and Laura (Fay) Fulton. He was born in Dover Township, Athens County, April 27, 1847, and lived with his parents until seventeen years of age, working on the farm and attending the common schools. Sept. 27, 1S64, he enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Reg- iment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in Trimble, Ohio, as a private for one year, and was engaged in the battles of the Cedars near Stone River, Overhaul Creek, Decatur, Ala., near Kingston, N. C, joined Sherman near Goldsboro, N. C, and was present at John- son's surrender, returning to Columbus, Ohio, where he was dis- charged July 6, 1865. He then returned home and purchased a farm in Trimble Township. In 1869 he sold his farm and removed to Doniphan County, Kas., and purchased lands and farmed one year. He then sold his lands and returned to Trim- ble Township and purchased the farm on which he at pres- ent resides, though he sold it in February, 1883, and is now em- ployed by O. D. Jackson in managing his lumber interests. July 15, 1867, he married Miss Clarisa A., daughter of A. II. and Almira (Phillips) Chute, of Ward Township, Hocking County. They have three children — Laura L., Mary F. and Chester A., all at home. Two children, Augustus and Lucy, died in infancy. Himself and wife are members of the Disciple church. Oliver D. Jackson, owner and proprietor of mines and store, and founder of the town of Jacksonville, is the only son of Joshua H. and Mary (Bean) Jackson. He was born in York Township, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 775 Athens County, May 18, 1848, and lived there until 1854, when his parents removed to Ward Township, Hocking County. At the age of nineteen years lie began teaching school, and taught daring the winter season four years. Aug. 25, 1872, he and his father established a hardware store at New Straitsville, Perry Co., Ohio, under the firm name of J. H. Jackson & Son. In September, 1875, he purchased his father's interest and continued the business alone until May 1, 1877, when he sold a portion of his business there, and removed a portion of his stock to Bessemer and established a general mercantile store, and in November following removed his business to Buchtel, and April 1, 1878, he sold an interest in the business to the Akron Iron Company. He was then having full charge of the management of the store and live-stock business of the company until Sepf. 10, 1882, when he sold his interest to the Akron Iron Company. In April, 1880, he purchased the first lands where he is now in business, and has added adjoining lands con- tinually to the present time. He began business at this point Sept. 15, 1882, and is now shipping coal from his mines, and has a vil- lage Jaid out covering sixty acres. Sept. 7, 1875, he married Jane, daughter of David and Tryphena (Jndd) Eggleston, of Ward Town- ship. Hocking County. They have four children — Minnie E., William W„ Frederick II. and Edward B. J. W. Jenkins, miner, oldest son of William and Isabel (Roach) Jen- kins, was born near Oakhill, Jackson Co., Ohio, Dec. 23, 1854, and lived there with his parents until sixteen years old, attending the common-schools. At the age of sixteen years he was amployed as brakesman on the M. & C. R. R. After working there one year he returned home and attended school two years. He was then en- gaged mining ore near Iron ton, Ohio, about six months; then was watchman on steamer Fleetwood, on the Ohio River, one year. In 1873 he went to the Ozark Iron Works, in Missouri, and was in charge of stone work for three months, when he went to Illinois and worked on a farm a short time, after which he returned home and attended school a year. He then taught and attended school alternately, two years. In 1877 he went to the Buchtel Furnace, Athens County, and worked there three years. In 18S0 he was at Nelsonville a few months, and then went to Orbiston and worked until the fall of 1882, when he purchased property at Jacksonville, and is now engaged in sinking shafts at the mines. He is a mem- ber of Lodge No. 541, I. O. O. F., Haydenville, Ohio. May 7, 1878, he married Mary, daughter of P. D. and Nancy (Dennis) 776 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Conner, of Orbiston, Hocking County. They have two children — Edward A. and Annie I. Solomon H. Johnson, farmer and mill-owner, dealer in grain and stock at Trimble, Ohio, is the fifth son of John B. and Adaline S. (Tinker) Johnson. He was born Jan. 23, 1837, in Trimble Town- ship, Athens County, and lived with his parents until manhood, receiving a common-school education. His father dying when he wa3 eighteen years of age, he began managing the farm for his mother, and doing business for himself. In April, 1861, he enlisted in Company H, Twenty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a pri- vate, for three months, was appointed Corporal, and served as such during the term of his enlistment. He was in West Virginia and skirmished with the enemy there. He was discharged at Athens, Ohio, in August, 1861. He then re-enlisted in Company A, Sixty- third Ohio Volunteer .Infantry, as a private, for three years. At the organization of his company he was commissioned Second Lieutenant and served as such until May 29,1862, when he was promoted to First Lieutenant of same company, and served as such until the battle of Farmington, Tenn., where he received an injury from a shell which disabled him to such an extent that he resigned in October, 1862. He was at the battles of New Madrid, Mo., Island No. 10, Farmington, Iuka, Miss., second battle of Corinth, Miss. After he returned home in 1862, he resumed farming and etock-dealing for several years. During the years 1872 and 1873 he built a mill in partnership with his brother, S. M. Johnson, as half owner, and was thus engaged until February, 187S, when he sold his interest to his brother, continuing his farm and stock busi- ness, dealing in fine horses. In the spring of 1S82 he formed a partnership for the construction of his present mill interest, the firm of Johnson, Wolf & Co., he being the senior member. He was elected Township Treasurer in the spring of 1876 and served two years. Jan. 22, 1865, he married Sarah E., daughter of David and Sarah (Dickson) Jones, of Hocking County. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson are members of the Diseiple church. J. II Jones, farmer, second son of David and Sarah (Dickson) Jones, was born in Ward Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, April 1, 1810. In April, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, Twenty-sec- ond Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at Nelsonville, Ohio, as a private for three months, and was discharged at Athens, Ohio, in August, 1861. He then returned home and resumed farming until the spring of 1864, when he was called out 100 days in the Ohio HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 777 National Guards. Served four months and was discharged at Camp Chase in the fall of 1864:. His regiment was on duty at Washing- ton, D. C, when Early invaded Maryland. When discharged he returned home and resumed farming. In March, 1868, he pur- chased the farm where he now resides. He has served as Town- ship Trustee for six years. Oct. 7, 1869, he married Nancy M., daughter of David and Mary (Morrow) Spencer, of Perry County, Ohio. They have five children — Edgar C, Carlos P., Oscar D., Orpha M. and Hannah E. Mr. and Mrs. Jones are members of the Disciple church. J. IF*. Jones, farmer and dealer in real estate, oldest son of David and Sarah (Dixon) Jones, was born in York Township, Athens County. March 8, 1836, where he lived with his parents until ten years of age. Dec. 23, 184<">, his father was drowned in Hocking River, near Nelsonville. His mother then removed to Homer Township, Morgan County, where he lived with her one year. He then lived with Jonathan Nesmith in Dover Township until four- teen years of age, when his mother removed to York Township and he lived with her and attended school during the winter. At the age of fifteen years he began hauling coal in Nelsonville, and worked during the summer and went to school during the winter for sev- eral years. In 1855 he was apprenticed to William Weller, of -X ulsonville, to learn the boot and shoe trade and worked six months. The following year he worked at boot and shoe making for S. H. Tinker, of Nelsonville. He then had charge of a canal boat three months and dealt in stock. He then rented a farm until 1861. Sept. 1, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Sixty-third Regiment Ohio Infantry, at Trimble, Ohio, as a private for three years; was in the battles of New Madrid, Island No. 10, Fort Pillow, Farm- ington, first and second battles at Corinth, and was one of a num- ber who hauled two thirty-two pound Parrot guns by hand from New Madrid to Tiptonville, eighteen miles; also at Iuka and with his regiment to Eastport, Tenn., where he was detailed as Hospital Steward and served as such until discharged. He was discharged at Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 17, 1861. In February, 1865, he purchased a farm in Trimble Township and farmed and worked at the boot and shoe trade for two years. He then added more lands and farmed in partnership with his brother James until 1872 when he pur- chased his brother's interest. He sold his farm February, 1873. He was then employed by Thomas Ewing buying lands and pros- pecting until 1879. August, 1879, he purchased the Allen farm 77 s HISTORY OF BOOKING VALLEY. and has been engaged in farming and dealing in real estate and Btook to the present time, lie tilled the office of Township Clerk, i>.'>:> ami L856; Trustee, L868, and Special Trustee nine years; was Land Appraiser in 1880, ami is at present Justice "t" Peace, lie is a Master Mason, member of Lodge No. 470, A. F. & A. M., Bishop- ville. Morgan County. Dec. 8, L864, he married Martha E., daugh- ter of George S. and Sarah (Smith) Anderson, of Socking County. They had seven children — Sarah L., Ella L., dames S., Joseph E., Elmer L., Aliee B. and Silas 11. His wife died Jan. 10, 1881, aged forty-two vears. .Inly 12, 1881, he married Laura, daughter of Jacob L. ami Rebecca (Miller) Wyatt, oi Trimble Township. They have one child — Frederick L. His wife is a member of the Dis- ciple church. James F. Kempton, fourth son of Stephen X. and Abigail (Tol- bert) Kemp ton, was born in Trimble Township, Athens Co., Ohio, March 1, 1841, ami lived With his parents on a farm until twenty years o( age, attending the common school. April 27, 1801, he enlisted in Company 11, Twenty-second Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, as a private, for three months, and served his term of en- listment in West Virginia and Maryland; was discharged at Athens, Ohio, Aug. 31, L861. In September, 1861, he re-enlisted in Com- pany 1>. Seventy-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private, for three years, and was appointed Second Sergeant of his company. In 1862 he was promoted to First Sergeant o( company, and served as such until November, L863. lie was taken prisoner at the battle of Gettysburg, Pa., duly 22, 1863, and was confined in Libbv and Belle Isle prisons, Va., for twenty days, when he was exchanged and returned to his command. In November, L863, he was com- missioned Second Lieutenant, and sent home on recruiting service, and was thus employed until April. 1801, when he returned to his regiment in Florida, and was promoted to First Lieutenant and assigned to the command of his company. At the battle ofGains- ville, Florida, he and the majority o( the regiment were taken prison- ers; were in prison a 6hort time in Macon, Ga., thence to Charleston, S. 0., under tire of the Federal batteries two months. He was then removed to Columbia, S. C; remained there until March 1, when he was removed to Wilmington, N. C, and then exchanged. Soon after he reported at Washington, D. C, and was discharged in March, L865. lie was engaged in the battles of MoPowell. \\ . Ya.. Chaucellorsville, John's Island. Gettysburg, Fa., White Point Landing, Camp Baldwin and Clay Ridge, Florida. Returning 779 in harness-maki \\c. ■ I 3. Ho .' -■ ] bis farm to 0. D. J • . inel and E izabeth (E ] F. and Frank T. Mr. and Mrs. K Dis< 8tepJu T. Kempton, Eactnrer a \ ton. and ira« born near N -• a., Jan. 13, 182( I ■ the;. one year. They then cam . .' - I •; T icker place, »nd fai fan; >n of land in section 13, 1 Ifr. K';:: Fnl- a and shoe trad himself near l ar. and then work< in Trimble, for - .op in Trim', - to the present time, 1 Dnrii g ' I — A mar. of \V*r. ... John I-'.. . . . of N and V Pt '*-- /.' ' veil, form iam A. and - >. Jnne moved v 780 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. County, and three years later removed to Hocking County and lived three 3 T ears. They then returned to Athens County, Dover Township, where Peter R. lived with his parents, working on the farm, tending the grist-mill, and going to school till twenty-one years of age. He then worked in his father's mill for wages until 1865. During the year 1S65 he was in the employ of the New York and Ohio Oil Company. He then rented and farmed until the spring of 1873, when he purchased the farm where he lives. Aug. 8, 1863, he married Miss Frances E., daughter of Zephaniah and Laura (Fay) Fulton. They have five children — Florence E., Chester A., William Z., Mary A. and Charles. Har- vey R. died at the age of two years. Mr. Kidwell and wife are members of the Disciple church. Samuel M. Lefever, carpenter, joiner, contractor and builder, undertaker and proprietor of the Central Hotel, Trimble, Ohio, is the fourth son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Step) Lefever. lie was born in Trimble Township, July 6,1840, and lived with his parents until nineteen years of age. At the age of nineteen he was apprenticed to C. C. Mingus to learn the carpenter's trade ; was with him eight- een months. He then worked four months with D. Andrews and I. P. Lefever. Dec. 11, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Seventy- fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for three years as a private; was in the battles of Cedar Mountain, second Bull Run, Chancellors ville, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, siege of forts Wagner and Gregg, be- fore Charleston, and several minor engagements, during his term of service. Feb. 15,1865, he was discharged at Jacksonville, Fla., and returned home. He worked with B. C. Lefever for two years, and then began contracting and building for himself, and has con- tinued in the business to the present time, adding that of under- taking some nine years since. He is a Fellow Craft Mason, and member of Nelsonville Lodge. Jan. 1-1, 1871, he married Mary E., daughter of Isaac and Rachel (Burley) Hedley. They have two children — Webster E. E. and Isaac H. D. John B. Love, farmer, is the oldest son of Thomas L. and Hannah (James) Love. lie was born near Trimble, Ohio, Sept. 1, 183-1, and lived with his parents until manhood, receiving a common-school education. At twenty-one years of age he leased land and farmed until 1861. Dec. 12, 1861, he enlisted in Company B, Seventy- fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private, for three years, and was with his command in West Virginia. In September, 1862, he was discharged for disability, having received injuries from which he HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 781 has never fully recovered. In 1863 he removed to Jefferson County, Iowa, and rented land eight years. He then returned to Trimble, Ohio, and purchased a portion of the home farm, where he still lives. He was Postmaster at Hartleyville one year. Dec. 27, 1853, he married Sarah A., daughter of Henry and Jane (Posey) May, of Morgan County, Ohio. They have three children — James L., of Hocking County; William C. and Sylva J. They have lost three children — Warwick A. in infancy, Riley M. in his second year, and Samuel F. at the age of seven years. Mr. and Mrs. Love are members of the Disciple church. William Palmer, Superintendent of coal mines at Jacksonville, is the second son of William and Ann (Tickle) Palmer. He was born in Devonshire, England, Feb. 10, 1849, and lived there with his parents until fourteen years of age, attending the common schools. He then went to the lead mines at Cornwall, and worked there four years. When eighteen years of age he came to the United States with his older brother and began mining coal at Gilberton, Penn. They contracted to open a tunnel near Gilberton, and completed the work in six months. lie then returned to England, and in Decem- ber, 1868, came again to the United States, and was at Wheeling, W. Va., five months. Then he went to Benwood and mined two years and six months; from there to Sparta, 111.; then returned to Jefferson County, Ohio, and mined at the Rush Run mines. Feb- ruary, 1871, he was engaged in opening new mines at Floodwood, Athens County. The company failing, he returned, to Benwood; thence to Doanville, Athens County, opening new mines; thence to Straitsville, Perry County, then returned, to Doanville; then en- gaged in opening the Hamley Run mines in Athens County; then to Shawnee, Perry County; then purchased land in Harden County, Ohio, with a view to farming, but a few months after changed his views and returned to Athens County, and leased the Desteiger coal mines and worked them one year. He then had charge of the Laurel Hill mines as superintendent two years; then removed to Columbus, Ohio, and contracted laying sewer-pipe six months; then returned to Laurel Hill; from there went to Buchtel, and mined three years; then to Orbiston, Hocking County, and was Superintendent of the mines twenty months. He then had charge of the Buchtel mines a few weeks, when he engaged to O. D. Jack- son in 1882, to superintend opening his mines. He is a member of Buchtel Lodge, No. 712, I. O. O. F., and has filled the chair of Vice-Grand in his lodge. March 12, 1874, he married Martha E., 782 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. daughter of Eli and Mary (Williams) Six, of Athens County. They had three children — Bessie A., John and Mary. They have lost two children — William E. died at the age of two years and six months, and Medoria died in infancy. Mrs. Palmer is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. C. H. Pettit, manufacturer of buggies and spring wagons, is the second son of John and Nancy (Deaver) Pettit. He was born in Deerfield Township, Morgan Co., Ohio, April 23, 1847, and lived there with his parents until seventeen years of age, receiving a common-school education. Sept. 4, 1864, he went to Afton, Un- ion Co., Iowa, and worked in a saw-mill during the winter. In the spring of 1865 he went to work for Abraham Hunt, of Peoria, Ma- haska Co., Iowa., to learn the carriage and wagon trade, and served as an apprentice until the spring of 1867, when he returned to Mor- gan County, Ohio, and worked at Deavertown, for Henry Deaver, on jour, work, near four years. Sept. 3, 1872, he came to Trimble and established his present business. He is agent for the Milburn wagon of Toledo, Ohio. April 10, 1872, he married Louisa, daugh- ter of Morris and Emily (Edwards) Biyson, of Trimble. They have three children — Harley E., Barton H. and John Garfield. Mr. and Mrs. Pettit are members of the Disciple church. J. W. Robinson, blacksmith and manufacturer of road and spring wagons, is the second son of Thomas W. and Magdaline (Haning) Robinson. He was born near Pomeroy, Meigs Co., Ohio, Sept. 16, 1857. When he was thirteen years of age his parents re- moved to Deavertown, Morgan County, where he lived until man- hood. At the age of twenty-one years he went to work for Frank Deaver to learn the blacksmith's trade, and served an apprenticeship of three years. He then came to Trimble and established his pres- ent business. He is a Master Mason, member of Deavertown Lodge, No. 172, A. F. & A. M., Morgan County, Ohio. June 7, 1S77, he married Lizzie, daughter of William and Mary (Particious) Tysinger, of Morgan County, Ohio. They have two children — Thomas W. and George \V. George A. Russell, dealer in general merchandise, oldest son of L. W. and Elizabeth A. (Morrow) Russell, was born near Chapel Hill, Perry Co., Ohio, July 10, 1841, and* removed with his parents to Trimble, Athens County, in 1842, where he received a common-school education. In April, 1861, he enlisted in Company II, Twenty -second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private for three months. He was appointed Second Sergeant of his company, and to-. aae 4rT> o served as such during his term of enlistment. He was in the West Virginia campaign, and was discharged at Athens, Ohio, in Au- gust, 1861. Sept. 5, 1861, he re-enlisted in Company B, Seventy- fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private, for three years. He was appointed First Sergeant of his company, and served as such until Oct. 31, 1862; was engaged in the battles of McDowell, Cross; Keys, South Mountain, second Bull Run, White Sulphur Springs Fredricksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. Oct. 31, 1862, he was promoted to Second Lieutenant and had command of his company from the battle of Chancellorsville to the battle of Get- tysburg, where he was wounded and came home on furlough and remained two months. He returned to Annapolis, Md., and was discharged for disability Dec. 18, 1863. Returning home in 1863 he engaged in the mercantile business with his father at Trimble, Ohio, under the firm name of L. W. Russell & Son for one year, when he purchased his father's interest and conducted the busi- ness alone one year. He then [sold an interest to John S. Dew, and conducted the business under the firm name of Russell & Dew for three years. He then purchased Dew's interest and continued the business alone until 1876, when he again became associated with his father under the firm name of L. W. Russell & Son, and was thus associated one year. He purchased his father's interest and has conducted the business alone to the present time. He has served as Township Treasurer a number of years, Treasurer of Special School Fund, and Postmaster from 1865 to the present time. He is a Master Mason, member of Lodge No. 470, A. F. 6z A. M., Bishopville, Ohio. May S, 1864, he married Almira J., daughter of Dr. John S. and Angeline (Pugh) Dew, of Trimble, Ohio. They have four children — Clara B., Carlos A., John D. and Daisy. Mr. and Mrs. Russell are members of the Disciple church. Hezekiah T. Sanders, owner and proprietor of saw and planing mill, Trimble, Ohio, is the oldest son of Levi and Henrietta (Martin) Sanders. He was born near Augusta, Carroll Co., Ohio, Nov. 5, 1826, and lived there with his parents, working on farm until fourteen years of age, and then learned the cooper's trade, working at it until twenty years of age. He then removed with his parents to Monroe Township, Perry County, where they lived two years, and he worked for his uncle in a saw-mill one year. He and his father then purchased a farm with a water-power saw- mill and carried on the mill and farm five years. They then traded 784 IUSTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. their mill for some wild lands and cash and rented a farm near Xelsonville, where they lived two years. He then purchased lands in Ward Township, Hocking County, and improved it and lived there engaged in farming, cahinet-making and making chairs fourteen years. In 1864 he enlisted in Company G, One Hun- dred and Fifty-first Ohio National Guards, for 100 days; was stationed at Washington City and was engaged with Early's forces there in 1864; was discharged at Camp Chase, Ohio, and re- turned to his home and business in Hocking County. In 1869 he removed to Salt Lick Township, Ferry County, and purchased property and carried on the cabinet and undertaking business un- til November, 1880, when he sold his property and purchased his present mill property. April 17, 1853, he married Sarah F., daughter of Mrs. Malinda Hines, of Perry County, Ohio. They have nine children — Byron H., Antoinette, Levi H., Horton L., Nora D., Rosa B., Riley S., Arvinie, Bertie R. Harvey B. died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Sanders are members of the Disciple church. Seth Shaner, M. D., farmer and physician near Hartley ville, Ohio, is the oldest son of Willian and Nancy (Tharp) Shaner. He was born in Trimble Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Feb. 15, 1838, where he has lived with his mother to the present time, his father dying when Seth was a small boy. He began teaching schoo in 185S and taught during winter and farmed in summer for twelve years, excepting his military term. May 2, 1864, he enlisted in Compan}' G, One Hundred and Forty-first Ohio National Guards. at Gallipolis, Ohio, for 100 days and served until September, 1864, when he was discharged at Gallipolis, Ohio, and returned home. In 1866 he began the study of medicine. In 1869 and 1870 he at- tended lectures at the Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, and during the winter of 1873-'74 attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. He is now practicing medicine and farming in Trimble Township. William Shaner, farmer near llartleyville, Ohio, second son of William and Nancy (Tharp) Shaner, was born near llartleyville, Athens County, May 5, 1810. Aug. 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Thirty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantrv,as a private for three years. After the battle of Corinth he was appointed Corporal ami served aa such until he re-enlisted as a veteran. He was in the battles of Stone River, Mill Springs, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Ringgold, Dallas, Resaca,Kennesaw Mountain and Marietta. In January, 1864, here- enlisted as a veteran in the same company and regiment as a private; HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 785 rounded at the siege of Atlanta, Aug. 7. 1864. He was then in field hospital for a time, thence to Chattanooga hospital, from th< i there to Je lie. Ind., from there to Camp -on. where he was fnrlong orae, to the President's elec- tion. On his return to Denison, he was transferre Ohio, where he remained until March. 1865, when he was trs ipany II. Sixth Re _- . and on duty on Johnson Island until June I he was trans- ferred to Cincinnati and remained one month; then returned to Johnson's Island, where he was discharged A ._ - 55. He ".hen returned home and purchased a farm, on which he now resides. He is a Master Mason, member oi L g VI . A. F. & A. M. . Lopville, Ohio. Sept. 2 . L878, :.e married >* .... daugh- ter of Elijah and Mar . of Perry County, son — Dares A. Mr. Shaner is a member of Methodist •/. Taylor^ farmer, third son ofC and Mary '. . Seym ->orn in II . England, Jan. 5. - In The came with his parents to the - ad -ettled in M iski] euro County. Ohio, i • r / ille, where he lived until 1846, working on a farm and a" . tool. In 1846 he re- moved to Trimble Township A.I tens I and purchased wild lands and cleared a farm, where he has i and fanned to the sent time. April 7, 1852, he married . _ . _ ter of hen and . . _ K , of Trimble T have nine children, five sons and fonrda -Edward, of Trimble Township; Emily J., wife of Richard McKinley, of Trim- : Sarah E., James. Albert M.. Alfred II.. Joseph S . Mary and Flora F.. all at home. Mary F. died at th s two member of the Di church. Men fan W. Tharp, farmer, second Fames an Hannah rn in M iskiognm County. Ohio, March L831. When h -ears old his parents moved to Trimble ty. Al theageofeig I egan working for wages on farms. V .-nty-five : . he rented and farmed four year-. When twenty year- he purchased a farm, on which his fatherlivel nnt en he : m, and. in I860. the one on which he re=i - - pt 27, 1856, he married Mr-. Sarah Post, of Perry County. They have four children — James D.. Amanda J.. Re- becca E. and John W. Mrs. Tharp is a member of the Disciple church. 786 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Thomas J. Tharp, farmer, fifth son of James and Hannah (Withers) Tliarp, was born in Trimble Township, Athens County, Aug. 30, 1S43, and lived with his parents until eighteen years of age, working on the farm and attending the common schools. Sept. 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company B, Seventy-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at Trimble, as a private, for three years; was in the battles of Monterey, Shaw's Ridge, McDowell, Franklin, Stras- burg, Cross Keys, Cedar Mountain, Freeman Ford, Sulphur Springs, Waterloo Ridge, second battle Bull Run, Aldie, Chaucellorsville, Gettysburg, Hagerstown, Fort Wagner, John's Island, Camp Bald- win, Gainesville, Poc.italigo Bridge, and Charleston. His regiment was at Jacksonville, Fla., one year. He was home after the battle of Gettysburg two months on special recruiting service. Was dis- charged at Columbus, Ohio, Dec. 23, 1861:, when he returned home. In March, 1865, he enlisted as a veteran in Company C, Fifth Regi- ment U. S. Troops, and was stationed at Washington, D. C, three months; Hartford, Conn., for a short time; Burlington, Vt.; Staten Island, New York, six months, where he was discharged, March 25, 1866. He then returned home and purchased a farm. In 1S70 he sold his farm and rented two years. In 1872 he purchased where he now resides. May 5, 1866, he married Rebecca E., daughter of John B. and Adaline S. (Tinker) Johnson, of Trimble, Ohio. His wife died Sept. 24, 1866. Sept. 6, 1S6S, he married Clarissa, daughter of George W. and Harriet (Shaner) McDonald, of Trimble Township. They have four children — Lydia M., Georgia A. B., Hannah F. and Harriet E., all at home. Mrs. Tharp is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Charles' S. linker, farmer, the second son of Elisha and Lydia (Shepperd) Tinker, was born in Hampshire Count}'-, Mass., May 5, 1804. When a small boy his parents removed to Canada. At the beginning of the war of 1812 they returned to the United States and settled at Albany, N. Y., where they lived about five years. They then removed to Virginia, and lived one year; from there removed to Zanesville, Ohio, and lived until 1823. In 1823 his parents moved to Perry County, where they died. At the age of twenty-one years he began driving a dry-goods and notions wagon for his brother, S. II.. Tinker, through the counties of Mor- gan, Perry, Washington, Athens, Meigs, Gallia and Lawrence; was employed thus two years. He then engaged in merchandising at Milllield for two years. He then removed jto Athens and lived there tour years, and then rented a farm near Milltield and farmed HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 787 three years. In January, 1843, his father-in-law gave him the farm on which he now resides with his son, R. W. Dec. 12, 1827, he married Almira, daughter of Resolved and Elizabeth (Nash) Fuller, of Athens County. They have six children — Charles H., of Trim- ble Township; Eugene A., ofTopeka, Kan.; Resolved "W., on home farm; Austin IT., in Ross County, Ohio; Roxana, widow of Henry Freeman, of Chauncey, Ohio.; Frances A., wife of II. Pierce, law- yer, of Alma, Kan. Three children are deceased — Elisha W., a physician, died May 12, 1879, at the age of thirty-six years; their second daughter, wife of Christopher Woodworth, of Dover Town- ship; Lavina A., wife of John Boidenot, died Jan. 5, 1872, in Illinois. Mrs. Tinker died Feb. 16, 1875, in her sixty-eighth year. She was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church for a number of years before her death. Josiah True, deceased, a companion and friend of Daniel "Wecthee, and one of the pioneers of the county, was born in New Hampshire, Oct. 25, 1770. He came to Marietta in 1793, and to Dover Township in 1800. lie held the office of Justice of the Peace in Dover from 1815 till 1851, and was respected and pop- ular. He died Sept. 16, 1855. Mr. True was one of the founders of the " Coonskin Library " of Ames Township, and always a leader in pioneer improvements. One of the first spinning wheels introduced into Dover was bought by him in 1803. Having ac- cumulated a few bear and deer skins he carried them on his back to Zanesville, forty miles distant, purchased the wheel with the proceeds of the skins, and brought it home on his back. He walked all the way, and made the round trip of eighty miles in two days. Mr. True at a very early day bought some choice apples at Marietta and sowed the seeds from them, from which he estab- lished the first nursery attempted in the county. Most of the old orchards on Sunday and Monday Creeks were planted from this nursery, and some of the trees are still bearing. Joshua Warehime, farmer, oldest son of John and Mariah (Niozum) "Warehime, was born near Barnesville, Ohio, Aug. 8, 1830. "When twelve years of age his parents removed to Xoble County where he lived until manhood, working on a farm and at- tending the common schools. At the age of twenty-one years he rented lands and farmed two years. He then removed to Morgan < "unty and purchased a farm, and lived there about twenty years. In 1869 he came to Athens County and purchased a farm where he lived nine years when he traded it for the one on which he now re- 788 HISTORY OF BOOKING VALLEY. sides. Nov. 19, 1850, he married Nancy, daughter of Hugh and Jane (Moreland) McOathrin, of Noble County, Ohio. They have three children — Maria E., wife of Henry M. Copely, of Fairfield County; Margaret, wife of William II. Hilton, of Athens County, and Jacob, of Fairfield County. Mr. and Mrs. Warehime are- members of the Protestant Methodist church. William J. Wells, farmer, sixth son of William and Nancy (Stephens) Wells, was born in Monroe County, Ohio, Oct. 15, 1828, and lived there with his parents until manhood, working on a farm. He received a common-school education. At the age of twenty- one years he purchased a farm in Monroe County. In 1S53 he re- moved to Morgan County, Ohio, and purchased a farm near Mountsville. In 1S63 he removed to Saline County, 111., and lived one } T ear, when he returned to Morgan County, Ohio. In 1S71 he came to Athens County and purchased the farm on which he now resides. Oct. 11, 1819, he married Hannah, daughter of Aaron and Elizabeth (^Stephens, Morris, of N^oble County, Ohio. They had four children — James, of Athens County; Aaron, of Morgan County; Nancy J., wife of Daniel Masters, of Hocking County; Mary E., wife of J. W. Howard, of Athens County. May 5, 1S60, his wife died in her thirty -third year. May 10, 1861, he married Sarah, daughter of Simeon and Nancy (Timmons) Hale, of Morgan County. They have three children — Julia, wife of C. Edwards, of Athens County; Pearly and Bessie, at home. Thomas R. White, dealer in drugs and medicines, son of (i. lv. and Hannah (Scott) White, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, April 7, 1851, and lived there with his parents until man- hood. At the age of eighteen years he went to work on a farm for his uncle, F. D. Scott. When twenty years of age he engaged with Brown Mauley Plow Company, of Malta, Ohio, as a carpen- ter, for three years, reading medicine during the time with a view of going into the drug business. In the soring of 1871 he purchased an interest in a portable saw-mill and ran the mill three years under the firm name of White & Hamilton. In September, 1>77. he sold his mill interest, and in November of the same year purchased a drug store of Sanborn & Co., at Winsor, Morgan Co., Ohio, and was in the business there until May, L880, when he sold his store to W. E. Gratewood and clerlced for him three months. Oct. 19, L881, he located in Trimble, where lie is now en- gaged in the drug business, owning the property and doing aliv and increasing business, ile was Township Clerk of Winsor BISTORT OF HOCKING VALLEY. 789 Township, Morgan Co., Ohio, one year. Dec. 14, 1879, he married Alice, daughter of Abel S. and Jane (Forsyth) Newton. They have two children, twin boys, Clifton S. and Clinton C. Jacob L. Wyatt, farmer, the fifth son of John and Catherine (Michael) Wyatt, was born in Athens County, Ohio, Oct. 8, 1833. At twenty-one years of age he began farming on rented land. When twenty -seven years of age he purchased a farm in Trimble Township. In 1868 he sold his farm and rented until 1872, when he again purchased in Trimble Township. In 1874 he sold this farm and rented until 1876, when he purchased the farm on which he now resides, lie has served as Township Trustee six years. Nov. 21, 1854, he married Rebecca, daughter of Samuel and Rachel (Cook) Miller, of Morgan County, Ohio. They had five children— Hester, wife of William Druggan, of Athens County I Alice, wife of Albert Johnson, of Morgan County; Laura, wife of Joseph Jones, of Athens County; Eva, at home; Mary, died in in- fancy. His wife was a member of the United Brethren church. She died Feb. 17, 1865. Aug. 8, 1666, he married Mrs. Maria, widow of Allen Miller, of Athens County. They have five chil- dren — George W., Charles G., Thomas L., Cora M. and Clara E., all at home. Allen G. died July 10, 1882, in his thirteenth year. Mr. and Mrs. Wyatt are members of the Disciple church. Joseph Z'tmmerman, farmer, is the oldest son of Henry R. and Elizabeth I Brown) Zimmerman. lie 'was born in Homer Township, Morgan Co., Ohio, Sept. 13, 1842. When ten years of age he came with his parents to Trimble Township, Athens County, where his father purchased a farm. April 1, 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany II. Twenty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at Trimble, as a private, for three months. When his term of service expired he was discharged at Athens, Ohio, Aug. 4, 1861. Oct. 20, 1861, he re-enlisted in Com] .any A, Sixty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private, at Chillicothe, Ohio, for three years. Before the second battle of Corinth he was appointed Third Sergeant of his company and served as such to the close of the war. Jan. 1, 1863, he en- tered the veteran service and was in the battle of Decatur. Ala.; from there he was with Sherman to the sea, participating in all the battles, and was discharged July 17, 1865. lie returned home and purchased the farm on which he resides. Sept. 16, 1866, he married Lydia A., daughter of J. B. and Adaline S. (Tinker) Johnson, of Trimble Township. They have six children — Horace A., Mary E., Charles O., George A., Emet and Marcus D. Mrs. Zimmerman is a member of the Disciple church. CHAPTER XXVIII. LODI TOWNSHIP-AN AGRICULTURAL TOWNSHIP MIXE WITH PETRIFACTIONS AND INDIAN TRADITIONS. Organization and Bounds — Population — Topography — Petrifac- tions — Lead and Indian Traditions — First Election, Fourteen Yotes — The Pioneers — Schools and Some few Remarks — Churches, Villages, Business — Township Officers from 1827 to 1883 — Biographical. organization and bounds. This township was organized in April, 1826, and its territory was originally a part of both Alexander and Carthage Townships. It is in township 1, range 13, and is bounded on the north by Ca- naan, and east by Carthage townships, south by Meigs County, and west by Alexander Township. It is a congressional township, six miles square, and has 23,010 acres of good, arable land. It is wa- tered by Shade River, which enters the township at the northwest corner and, running diagonally, leaves the township at the extreme southeastern part. This divides the township almost equally in two parts, and the bottom lands along the stream are rich and fer- tile, yielding in corn and grasses abundant crops. The township is somewhat rough along the banks of the streams, and is a township of hills and valleys. The valleys are small, and the hills while not so fertile yield plentifully in grasses. Stock is an important element in the growing prosperity of the township. population, etc. For the first thirty years of its settlement Lodi seemed to im- prove, and up to 18G0 was well in the van of material progress, both in wealth and population. After the war she seemed to have first halted and then retrograded. The first census after becom- ing an independent organization was in 1830, when the population was 276. In 1810 it was. 751; 1850, 1,336, and in 1860 it reached 1,598. This was her largest population. Whether the war brought on the stagnation that followed, or it has arisen from other causes cannot be told; the fact only is of record that her population has (790) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 791 slowly decreased, even its natural increase being lost. In 1870 the population was given at 1,551, and in 1880 % 1,550. At this time the township has even signs of perfect repose. PETRIFACTIONS. There has not been much coal or iron development in this town- ship, but quite a number of specimens of petrified pieces of wood, etc., have been found upon the banks and in the bed of Shade .River, which has given that stream of water — the main water- course between the Hocking and the Ohio rivers, into the latter of which it flows — considerable of a local reputation, and makes it a spot sought for by geologists and other men of science who delve in the hidden or wonderful works of nature. The principal petri- factions found have been in a gulch which leads into this river, on section 35, and it is in this ravine that signs of early days are found, showing that the Indians had found lead in its natural state, and had melted or separated it for their use from its impurities. Lead blossoms have been found at different times, and specimens of the ore showing from sixty to seventy per cent. of pure galena have been occasionally picked up. The trees along the banks of the river show that the Shawnee tribe was in some way connected with the Delawares, for on many trees will be found strange figures carved or cut in, such as turtles, etc. There is no doubt that a thorough ex- ploration would develop much of interest to the scientific world, and also unfold much wealth which now lies hidden from the gaze of mam ELECTION. The first township election was held in tlie spring of 1827, and it is stated that but fourteen votes were polled. This is probably true, as three years later there were but 276 people in the town- ship, which would give less than fifty votes, allowing a voting population of one to six of the inhabitants. THE PIONEERS. These men, like all the first settlers who became the advanced guard of civilization, had their troubles and. trials, and also the pleasures, of pioneer life. Of the latter hunting was the main one, and of the former going to mill was one of their heaviest burdens; that is, it took much valuable time and fatiguing trips, for at first the burnt log as a mortar or a hand-mill did but little to supply a 792 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. large family. There were not many settlers living in the surround- ing townships when Joseph Thompson first settled in Lodi, and not many years after, or in 1815, before he began the erection of a mill. This was the first flouring or rather grist mill in all that section of country for many years. The farm property has since come into the possession of Henry Blazier. The mill lias long since disappeared. The next mill mentioned was built in 1825 by Ezra Miller, of small size, and it, too, like the first one, has dis- appeared. A steam flouring mill now occupies the spot with a capacity equal to the demand. Near the center of the township another steam mill is in operation which fully supplies the wants of people in the surrounding country. SCHOOLS. Next to the milling interest, which was one of necessity, that which occupied to a large extent the adult population was the ed- ucation of their children. In this regard the citizens of Lodi Town- ship have exercised a wisdom which few have surpassed, and all could emulate with profit. The log cabin, with its rude and simple furniture, has given place to the well-built and well-finished and furnished school-houses of to-day. Pleasant Valley Seminary, lo- cated formerly at Jersey vi lie, was opened in December, 1867, and was under the superintendency of Prof. Daniel D. Clark, a graduate of the Ohio University. The public schools are all doing well and the attendance the -past school session was fully up to the average. The first religious society formed at Lodi was by the Methodists, in 1820, under the supervision of Rev. Goddard Curtis. They wor- shiped for many years in a small school-house on Shade River. At present the Methodisis have two flourishing societies. About 1840 the Christians (or Campbellites) formed a society and built a church which, soon after its completion, was demolished by a large forest tree falling on it. They have since erected a good frame church at Jerseyville. There are in Lodi Township three villages. Jerseyville is situ- ated a mile and a half west of the center of the township, and eon- tains two stores, one harness shop, one blacksmith shop, one hotel, a postoffice, one cabinet shop and two churches — Methodist Kp.s- copal and Christian. Its population is about 175. Garden is sit- uated two miles southeast uf the center of the township, on the bank of Shade River. It contains a store, gunsmith shop, black- smith shop, postoffice and one church— Methodist Episcopal. HISTOJRY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 793 Moretown is situated a mile and ahalfsouthwestofthecenterof the township. It lias a population of about 1 50, and contains one store, two blacksmith shops and a postoffice. These arc the only vil- . the population being mostly agricultural. Yet while but lit- tle enterprise is being exhibited at this time, there is do township in the county where more true hospitality, intelligence and moral worth can be found than among the people of the beautiful hills and valleys of Lodi Township. TOWNSHIP 01 l [CERS. The following list contains the names of the principal township (.Hirers from L827 to the present time: L827-'28. — Trustees, Joseph Thompson, Elam Frosl and John L. Kelly; Clerk, G. D.Drake; Justice of the Peace, Joseph Thomp- son. I m>!>. — Trustees, Joseph Thompson, Rufus P. Cooley and John L. K'.-lly-, Clerk, G. I). Drake; Justice of the Peace. Rufus P. Cooley. L830. -Trustees, Francis B. Drake, Thomas Milesand Abner Frost: Clerk, G. D. Drake; Justice of the Peace, Rufus P. Cooley. 1831. -Trustees, Joseph Thompson, Elam Frost and John L. Kelly; Clerk, G. D. Drake: Justice of the Peace, Rufus P.Cooley. L832. — Trustees, Joseph Thompson, Thomas Mile- ami A. M. Williamg; Clerk, Rufus P. Cooley; Justice of the Peace, Rufus P. Cooley. 1 833. -Trustees, John Bodwell, Francis B. Drake and Abner Frost; Clerk, Joseph 15. Force; Justice of the Peace, Joseph Thompson. L834. Trustees, Luther Din-more, John L. Kelly and J. 15. Force; Clerk, Rufus P. Cooley; Justice of the Peace, Joseph Thompson. Trustees, Luther Dinsmore, John L. Kelly and G. II. Cooley; Clerk, RufnsP. Cooley; Justices of the Peace, Rufus P. ey and Luther Dinsmore L836. — Trustees, Charles Brown, John L. Kelly and John Carl- ton; Clerk, Rufus P. Cooley; Justice of the Peace, Luther Dins- more. L837. — Trustees, Samuel Day. George Eaton and Cyrus O. Mc- Grath; Cleric, John L. Kelly; Justice of the Peace, Smith C. Allen. L838. — Trustees, Joseph Bobo, John Carlton and David Whaley; Clerk, John L. Kelly; Justice of the Peace, Churchill Creesy. 794 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1839.— Trustees, Calvin P. Dains, Ezra H. Miller and Rnfus P. Cooley; Clerk, John L. Kelly; Justice of the Peace, William Lee. 1S40. — Trustees, Samuel Day, "Wakeman Hull and Ruins P. Cooley; Clerk, John Cather; Justice of the Peace, Richard St. Clair. 1841. — Trustees, Samuel Day, Julius Stone and George Blazer; Clerk, John Cather; Justice of the Peace, Julius Stone. 1S42. — Trustees, Samuel Day, Jehu Acley and Churchill Creesy; Clerk, Jonathan Witham; Justice of the Peace, David II. Miles. 1843. — Trustees, Wakeman Hull, Jehu Acley and Churchill Creesy; Clerk, John Cather; Justice of the Peace, Richard St. Clair. 1844. — Trustees, John Cather, Jehu Acley and Churchill Creesy. 1845. — Trustees, Joseph Cremer, John L. Kelly and John Whit- tington; Clerk, Stephen Gates: Justice of the Peace, David H. Miles. 1846. — Trustees, James G. Roberts, Wakeman Hull and John Whittington; Clerk, Joseph Cremer; Justice of the Peace, Isaac Woodyard. 184T. — Trustees, Julius Stone, Wakeman Hull and John L. Kelly; Clerk, Joseph Cremer; Justice of the Peace, Isaac Wood- yard. 1S4S. — Trustees, William Jeffers, Wakeman Hull and John L. Kelly; Clerk, William II. Hull; Justice of the Peace, John Cather. 1S49. — Trustees, William Jeffers, D. II. Miles and Amos Moore; Clerk, L. D. Evans; Justice of the Peace, Isaac Woodyard. 1S50. — Trustees, William Jeffers, Joseph Cremer and William Bart; Clerk, Matthew Wilson; Justice of the Peace, Isaac Wood- yard. ' 1851. — Trustees, Churchill Creesy, Ebenezer Williams and Will- iam Bart; Clerk, R. P. Cooley; Justice of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans. l s 52. — Trustees, Churchill Creesy, Ebenezer Williams and D. H. Miles; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justice of the Peace, Isaac Wood- yard. 1^53. — Trustees, Joseph Cremer, Ebenezer Williams and D. H. Miles; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justice of the Peace, Isaac Woodyard. 1854. — Trustees, E. Williams, David Hart and William Jeffers; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justices of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans and David Hart. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 795- 1855.— Trustees, William Wilson, D. D. Miller and William Jeffers; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justices of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans and David Hart. 1856. — Trustees, John Kelly, D. D. Miller and William Jeffers; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justices of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans and David Hart. 1857. — Trustees, John Kelly, D. D. Miller and William Jeffers; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justices of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans and Elisha Langhead. L858. — Trustees, John Kelly, David Hart and William Jeffers; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justices of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans and Elisha Langhead. 1859. — Trustees, John Kinney, David Hart and William Jeffers; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justices of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans and Elisha Langhead. 1860. — Trustees, John Cowan, Joseph Creesy and William Jef- fers; Clerk, Isaac Bedell ; Justices of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans and Elisha Langhead. 1861-'2. — Trustees, John Cowan, Joseph Creesy and Lewis Dains; Clerk. Isaac Bedell; Justice of the Peace, Benoni P. Pierce. 1863. — Trustees, John Cowan, Joseph Creesy and John Cather; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justice of the Peace, John Kelly. 1S64. — Trustees, John Cowan, Joseph Creesy and James Wilson; Clerk, Isaac Bedell; Justice of the Peace, Nelson Lord. 1865. — Trustees, John Buck, A. J. Howard and Lewis Dains; Clerk, E. P. Cooley; Justice of the Peace, Nelson Lord. 1S66. — Trustees, Moses Lawrence, A. J. Howard and F. J. Cremer; Clerk, P. P. Cooley; Justice of the Peace, Waldron S. Williams. 1867. — Trustees, William Jeffers, Joseph Creesy and F. J. Cremer; Clerk, John Cather; Justice of the Peace, Nelson Lord. 1S6S. — Trustees, William Jeffers, Joseph Creesy and F. J. Cremer; Clerk, John Cather; Justice of the Peace, William J. Shaffer. 1869.— Trustees, A. J. Howard, William Poston and John Cowan; Clerk, P. R. Cooley; Justice of the Peace, Lorenzo D. Evans. 1870. — Trustees, James Ti money, Hugh Meighen and E. M. Carsey; Clerk, Edgar Hermans; Justice of the Peace, John Cather. 1871. — Trustees, Asa Dains, John Kinney and James Timoney; Clerk, Edgar Ilemans; Justice of the Peace, James Patterson. 796 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1872. — Trustees, Moses Lawrence, W. S. Williams and Joseph Creesy; Clerk, Heniy Butts; Justice of the Peace, L. D. Evans. 1873. — Trustees, Moses Lawrence, Joseph Creesy and Asa Dains; Clerk, G. W. Burson; Justice of the Peace, John Kinney. 1874. — Trustees, Joseph Creesy, Joseph Bishop and E.L. Sargent; Clerk, G. W. Burson; Justice of the Peace, John Kelly. 1875. — Trustees, O. Orr, Joseph Bishop and A. Dains; a Clerk, G. W. Burson, Justice of the Peace, L. D. Evans. 1876. — Trustees, O. Orr, D. Ziggafoose and Joseph Bishop; Clerk, G. W. Burson; Justice of the Peace, W. S. Williams. 1877. — Trustees, D. Ziggafoose, Oscar Orr and M. Joston; Clerk, Edgar Hermans; Justice of the Peace, William Jeffers. 1878. — Trustees, Daniel Ziggafoose, M. Joston and W. L. Hawk. Olerk, E. L. Sargent; Justice of the Peace, L. D. Evans. 1S79. — Trustees, James Bean, E. M. Carsey and John Kelly; Clerk, Jacob Wilson. 1880. — Trustees, Samuel Poston, E. M. Carsey and Oscar Orr; Clerk, Matthew Wilson; Justice of the Peace, William Jeffers. 1881. — Trustees, George German, S.T. Pierce and John Kelly; Clerk, Jacob Wilson; Justices of the # Peace, W. S. Williams and S. T. Hull. 1882.— Trustees, W. M. Williams, E. M. Carsey and D. Zigga- foose; Clerk, L. Aton. 1883. — Trustees, E. M. Carsey, Daniel Ziggafoose and Dennis Timoney; Clerk, L. Aton; Justice of the Peace, William Jeffers. BIOGRAPHICAL. Richard Angell, deceased, son of John Angell, was born in England, April 6, 1790. When thirteen years of age his parents came to America, settling in New Jersey. He was married in August, 1811, to Mary Bougher, a native of Bucks County, Pa. In 1816 they removed to Allegheny County, Pa., where they re- sided till 1812. They then came to Lodi Township and settled on section 29. Mr. Angell bought two sections of land, of which but twenty-five acres was cleared. lie was a member of the Presby- terian church. Though a man having large business interests he never had ;i lawsuit, and probably no man in the township had more friends or fewer enemies than he. Mr. Angell died Nov. 30, 1875, his wife having preceded him May 1,' 1874. They had a family often children eight now living — Jane, Richard, James, William, Hector, Mary, Thomas G. and Sarah Ann. John and David are deceased. HIST0KY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 79 T Thomas G. Angell, son of Richard and Mary Angell, was born in Allegheny County, Fa., Feb. 1, 1S31. lie came to Lodi Town- ship. Athens Co., Ohio, when eleven years of age. He was reared on a farm receiving his education in the common schools. March 8, 1856, he married Mary, daughter of Richard Phillips. They have three children — Lydian M., Emma F. and Elmer G. May 2, 1864, Mr. Angell enlisted in the One Hundred and Forty- first Ohio Infantry. He was mustered out as First Lieutenant. He has a fine farm of 380 acres and one of the best residences in the township. He makes a specialty of Spanish merino sheep, hav- ing one of the best flocks in the county. Politically he is a Repub- lican. He takes an active interest in politics, though no aspirant for office. He is a member of Athens Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M. Lima Ato?i, born Aug. 13, 1850, is a son of John and Margaret' (Wheeler) Aton. He is the seventh of a family of eight children. His early life was spent on a farm and in attending the common schools. Jan. 9, 1869, he married Emma G. Snyder. They have three children, Lizzie C, John M., and Raymond L. Mr. Aton owns sixty acres of good, well-improved land, and is engaged in farming and stock raising. Politically he is a Republican. He has filled the offices of Assessor and Township Clerk with credit to himself and satisfaction to his friends. S. C. Baker, son of James and Louisa (Worthen) Baker, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, Dec. 28, 1840. When quite young his parents moved to Coolville, Athens County, where his father was engaged in milling. When he was ten years of age they moved to Carthage Township. July 22, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, Thirty-ninth Ohio Infantry. He was in some of the hottest battles of the war, among them New Madrid, Corinth, Decatur T the Atlanta campaign and Bridges, S. C, where he was wounded ami lay in the hospital three months. He was discharged July 24, 1865, having served four years. He was married Sept. 22, L867, to Margery A. jSTickerson. Mr. Baker owns an interest in a portable saw-mill, lie has a good residence- and twenty acres of land. Politically he is a Republican* Ho is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. James Beam, farmer, was born in Pennsylvania, March 28, 1841, a son of Jacob and Sarah Beam, natives of Pennsylvania. Com- ing to Ohio thev located at Cincinnati, where thev remained a 79S HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. short time, then moved to Meigs County, where our subject was reared. He enlisted at the age of twenty-one in Company I, Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, going into'camp at Marietta, Ohio, where they remained two months; then went to Point Pleasant, Ya. ; then up the Kanawha to Jolly Bridge; from there to Nash- ville, Tenn. ; then up the Cumberland to Carthage, where they had a skirmish with Morgan, just before his raid through Ohio. They then joined the Fourteenth Corps, commanded by General Thomas, at Murfreesboro; then moved on after Bragg, driving him beyond Chattanooga; then fought the battle of Chickamauga. He after- ward participated in several battles, among them Mission Ridge and all the battles through Georgia, siege and flanking of Atlanta, then marched to the sea; then through the Carolinas and to Washington, D. C, where they were mustered out. He then re- turned home and located where he now resides. He was married Oct. 31, 1866, to Ann Eliza Fox, daughter of Rev. John O. Fox. By their union there are three children — John M., Althe L., Sarah F. Mrs. Beam died and he was again married, Sept. 22, 1S7S, to Alwillda C, daughter of Aaron C. Comstock. The3 r have one child — Ann Eliza. Mr. Beam is politically a Republican. Joseph Bishop is a native of Bethlehem, Pa., born Nov. 4, 1S31. His father, Daniel Bishop, was also a native of Pennsylvania. He came to Athens County with his parents when ten years of age. He remained at home till the breaking out of the late civil war, when, Aug. 2, 1862, he enlisted in Company K, Seventy-third Ohio Infantry, and served three years. He was married Nov. 0, 1865, to Miss Coen, of Carthage Township. They have no chil- dren, but have an adopted son — Charles F. Flanders. Mr. Bishop owns a good farm of 174 acres all well improved and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. lie is a member of Guysville Lodge, A. F. & A. M. Politically he is a Republican. He has served three years as Township Treasurer, and three } r ears as School Trustee. William Blackwood, one of the prominent farmers of Lodi Township, was born in Bedford County, Pa., Aug. 4, 1817, a son of James and Susan (McLean) Blackwood, the father of Irish and the mother of Scotch descent. When William was quite young his parents removed to Harrison County, Ohio, where he was reared and received a limited education in the subscription schools. He came to Lodi Township in 1851, and located on the farm where he now resides. He owns 340 acres of land, well improved, with HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 799 good buildings, all gained by energy and good management, Mr. Blackwood commencing life by working for $10 per month; but by perseverance lie has become one of the wealthiest men in the township. He was married Sept. 25, "1842, to Rachel Hill. They have seven children — Harvey L., Phoebe S., Amanda R., Melissa L., Lizzie R., Angie R. and Eva A. John Burson is a native of Columbiana County, Ohio, born June 16, 1S30. When eight years of age his parents came to Lodi Township, Athens County, where he was reared and educa- ted. Feb. 25, 1855, he married Sarah C. Creamer, of Lodi Town- ship. They are the parents of two children — Mary Dell and Herbert S. In 1859 Mr. Burson opened a general store on rather a limited scale, but by his fair and honorable dealing he has se- cured the confidence of his patrons and now has a large trade, keeping a complete line of the best goods, including dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, and notions. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, being at present Recording Steward, and is one of the substantial citizens of Lodi Township. W. ]V. Burson, a native of Athens County, was born in Feb- ruary, 1852. He was reared a farmer and remained at home till of age. Jan. 16, 1872, he married H. C. Cather, a daughter of John Cather. In 1S77 he opened a general merchandising store at Pratt's Fork, where he has since resided. He has a large stock of dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, notions, etc., and com- mands a good country trade. Quincy Cather, born in Lodi Township, Athens Co., Ohio, May 10, 1848, is a son of John Cather, an early settler of this township. He was reared on a farm, receiving his education in the common schools. In May, 1S82, he opened a store of general merchandise, where he now has a large trade from the surrounding country. Nov. 10, 1870, he married Mary Peirce. They have three children — Edie, Emmett and Emily. Lucius Coe, son of Chester and Roxy (Eggleston)Coe, was born in Onondaga County, N. Y., in December, 1811. His father was a native of Massachusetts, and his mother of Connecticut. When seventeen years of age he was employed as clerk in the grocery store of Nathaniel Eggleston; remained with him four years and then went to New York City, where he was a salesman in a va- riety store several years. In 1841 he came to Ohio and lived on a farm in Vinton County two years; then returned to New York City and remained till 1S61, when he came to Lodi Township 800 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. where he lias since resided. He now has a large stock of dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, etc. He was married Sept. 27 T 1865, to Rebecca H. Sanders, a native of Carroll County, Ohio. They have two children — Harriet Jane and George A. Mr. Coe is a member of the Presbyterian church. David Cowan, son of John and Mary (Means) Cowan, was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., Oct. 28, 1828. When he was eighteen months old his parents came to Ohio, locating in Guern- sey County, where he was reared and educated. In 1856 became to Athens County and located on the farm where he still resides. He has 200 acres of well-improved land on section 33, Lodi Town- ship. He was married Jan. 16, 1859, to Mary E., daughter of Jacob Hank, of Lodi. Seven children have been born to them, five now living — Martha, Eva E., Sarah M., Cora E. and John. Mary and Fannie are deceased. Mr. Cowan is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Republican. Joseph Creamer, deceased, was a native of Somerset County, Penn., born in May, 1805. When eighteen years of age he com- menced to learn the tanner's trade, at which he worked the most of his life. When twenty-three years old he married Mary Mor- rison, also a native of Pennsylvania. They had a family of nine children — Asbury, Frank I., Norman (deceased), Belinda C, Sarah L., Mary A., S. M., Ella, Charles L. Mr. Creamer came to Athens County, locating in Lodi Township, in 1838. He held most of the township offices to the satisfaction of his constituents. He was a liberal supporter of the Methodist church, and it was mostly through his efforts that the church at Jersey ville was built. He was also largely instrumental in the building of the Jerseyville seminary. He died May 5, 1877, after a long and useful life. S. M. Creamer is a native of Athens County, Ohio, born Aug. 9, 1813. He received a common-school education, being reared a tanner. In September, 1861, he enlisted in the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and served three years and three months. He was in the battles of Stone River, Mission Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Pulaski and Chattanooga. lie married Hannah McClurg, a native of West- moreland County, Penn. Six children have been born to them — Norman A., John L., Augustus B., V. May, Lulu B. and an infant. Mr. Creamer has a fine farm of 200 acres, and is extensively en- gaged in raising fine merino sheep. Politically he is a Republican. Mr. and Mrs. Creamer are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 801 Joseph Creesy, son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Eastman) Creesy, was born in New Hampshire, Aug. 1, 1824, and came to Athens County, Ohio, in 1852. He is by trade a wheelwright, and for several years after coining here worked at his trade. He now owns a farm of 100 acres, ail under a good state of cultivation, with a comfortable house and farm buildings. He has held the offices of Township Trustee and Land Appraiser, and by his fair-dealing has secured the confidence of all who know him. He was married Jan. 2, 1848, to Matilda Reynolds, a native of Athens County. They have two children — George and Anna. E. E. Curtis, son of Joseph Curtis, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, April 1, 1840. When three years of age his parents removed to Tupper's Plains, where he was reared and educated. Aug. 5, 1861, he enlisted in the Second Virginia Cavalry, and served till June 3, 1865, taking an active part in several hard-fought battles, among them Cedar Creek, where he was wounded in the shoulder, and his horse shot from under him. Oct. 10, 1866, he married Susan Bean, of Lodi Township. They have three children — Mary E., Addie and James K. Mr. Curtis is by trade a wagon-maker. He is well-patronized, and has earned for himself and family a good home. J. W. Dillenger, son of Charles and Amanda J. Dillenger, was born in Lodi Township, May 14, 1849. His early life was spent on the farm and in attending the schools of his township and Ath- ens. In January, 1864, he enlisted in Company G, One Hundred and Eighty-fourth Ohio Infantry, and served till the fall of 1865. In September, 1874, he married Harriet, daughter of S. D. Miles, of Lodi. They have one child — Herbert F., born March 14, 1876. Mr. Dillenger has a good farm of 135 acres which he intends to have well improved. Politically he is a Republican. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. His father, Charles Dillenger. was a native of New Jersey, and an early settler of Lodi Township. His mother, Amanda J. Simms, was a native of Virginia. They had a family of seven children — Sarah C, J. TV., T. J.. TV. II., C. F., E. J. and Nancy E. Mr. Dillenger died in 1865. Lorenzo Dow Evans, son of Dr. John and Eleanor (Day) Evans, was born in Sussex County, Del., Jan. 3, 1815. He was married Feb. 8, 1838, to Ann Wine, also a native of Delaware. Five chil- dren have been born to them, only three now living — William A., John L. and Elizabeth J. S. TV. and Mary are deceased. S. TV. 51 802 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. enlisted in the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and through the expos- ures of army life lost his health, though he lived till May 5, 1876. Mr. Evans enlisted in June, 1862, in the Ninety-second Ohio Infantry, Company I, and was discharged as First Lieutenant in August, 1S63. He has been Justice of the Peace about thirty years, and has also served as Constable and Clerk. Politically he is a Republican. He has a farm of 250 acres, and makes a spe- cialty of stock-raising. He is a member of the Methodist church, and has been a temperance man fifty years. Abner Frost, son of Samuel and Esther Frost, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, Sept. 21, 1821. He received but a limited educa- tion, his early life being mostly spent in helping to clear a tim- bered farm. When he first moved on his present farm it was wild land, but he has brought it under a good state of cultivation and now has one of the finest farms in the township. He has 184 acres, all well improved, with a nice residence, and the largest barn in the township. In June, 1869, he went to Iowa and remained fourteen months, but returned again to his old home. He was married March 18, 1S65, to Mary A., daughter of John aud Puth (Cass) Secoy. They have two children — Lucy, born March 30, 1867, and Minnie II., born Aug. 12, 1878. Samuel Frost, deceased, son of Benjamin Frost, of English descent, was born Nov. 14, 1791. He was married Jan. 12, 1812, in Allegany County, N. Y., to Esther Miles, a native of Vermont. They came to Ohio in 1816, first settling in Meigs County. In 1825 they came to Athens County where he lived till his death. They had a family of eight children — Hiram, Miles, William, Abner. Luther, Rosannah, Elizabeth and Eunice. Mr. Frost waa killed Dec. 14, 1855, by falling through the hatchway of a steam- boat at Cincinnati. Esther Frost remained with her son Abner until her death, May 7, 1882, she being nearly eighty-six years old. She was born May 22, 1796. Zhnri Hoge, born Aug. 15, 1816, was the eldest of eleven chil- dren of John and Mary (Workman) Hoge, of Fayette Connty, Pa. His early life was spent on the farm and in attending school. When seventeen years of age he commenced to work at the car- penter's trade, following that occupation twenty years. In 1855 he moved on to the farm where he now lives, consisting of 150 acres under a good state of cultivation. He has a fine residence, furnished in accordance with the taste ot a refined and cultured fain- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY". 803 ily. He was married March 24, 1842, to Margaret Brill, a native of Guernsey County, Ohio. They have five children — Melissa, Mary, Emeline, Eunice and Rosa. William Howard, born in Holmes County, Ohio, Feb. 28, 1820, a son of Zadock Howard, a native of Greene County, Pa. When seventeen years of age he went to Morgan County and resided there about nine years. He was married April 14, 1840, to Sarah Ann Hutchinson, daughter of Richard Hutchinson. From this union there were six children — Nancy Jane, Fanny, McDonald, William Jasper, Mary Ellen and Sarah Elizabeth. They are all alive but Mary Ellen. He came to Athens County in 1846, and located on the farm where he still resides. He has 262 acres of well-improved land and a good residence. By industry and good management he has gained a comfortable home. His wife died June 30, 1859. He was married to Elizabeth Gaston, Oct. 17 1861. From this union were two children — Elmer Elsworth and Annie May. Elmer is dead. Hiram L. Hull, son of S. T. Hull, was born in Lodi Township, Athens County, Ohio, Dec. 17, 1848, and was reared and educated in his native township, residing at home until he arrived at man. hood. March 24, 1866, he married Mary E. Smith. Seven children have been born to them, five living — Florence, Samuel, Charles, Lucy and Hattie. Allie and Absalom are deceased. Mr. Hull has a farm of 120 acres, under a good state of cultivation. S. T. Hull, born in Delaware County. N. Y., July 16, 1819, was the youngest of ten children of Samuel and Rachel (JBostick) Hull. When he was four years of age, his parents moved to Ul- ster County, N. Y., where he was reared and educated, living there till he was twenty years of age. In 1839 he came to Athens County, locating in Lodi Township. He was married March 10, 1842, to Maria Withara. Five children were born to them, only four liv- ing — Augusta, Hiram S., Adaline and Jessie B. Samuel is de- ceased. S. T. Hull enlisted in November, 1861, in Company Iv, Seventy-third Ohio Infantry. He was in the battles of Cross Keys, Gettysburg, Lookout Valley, Mission Ridge, Chancellorsville, Re- saca and Dallas. At the latter place he was wounded May 27, 1864, losing an arm. He was discharged Aug. 1, 1865, being mustered out as Sergeant. He lived eight years in Washington County, Ohio, and one year in Kansas, then returned to Lodi, where he still re- sides. He has held the office of Justice of the Peace five years. 804 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Stephen W. Hull, son of Wakeman and Jane (Stewart) Hull, was born in Meredith, Delaware Co., 1ST. Y., Jan. 13, 1818. May 29, 1836, he started for Athens County with a team, and arrived at Lodi Township, June 19. In 1836 he settled on the farm where he now resides. He has eighty-two acres of land, and a good rear dence. He has held several township offices, and was Postmaster one month under Buchanan and Lincoln's administrations. He has been married three times: the first time Oct. 19, 1839, to Mary P. Masters. They had two children— W. B. and N. N. Aug. 1, 1849, he married Nancy Wilmarth. One child was born to them — Edgar E. Aug. 20, 1874, he married Mary Elizabeth Jennings. They have two children — Nora Ann Elizabeth and Phoebe Lucinda Jane. Mr. Hull is an Elder in the Presbyterian church. George Jeffers, son of 'Squire William Jeffers, was born in Lodi Township, Oct. 21, 1842. His early life was spent on the farm and in attending school. In August, 1860, he went to Mississippi and remained till the breaking out of the Rebellion. The 'day after the firing on Fort Sumter he took passage on the steamer West Moreland for the North, having agreed to volunteer in the South- ern army in order to get away. In June, 1863, he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Ohio Infantry, for six months, but served nine months, being discharged in March, 1864. He returned home and remained on the farm with his father till Aug. 4, 1864, when he again enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio, and served eleven months. He was in the Nashville campaign under General Thomas, and participated in many hard-fought battles. He was discharged July 28, 1865, as Sergeant. Mr. Jeffers was married Jan. 18, 1868, to Elizabeth M. Burley, of this township. They have four children — Florence. Ida M., Mary M. and P. J. Mr. Jeffers owns a farm of 181 acres of well-improved land and is engaged in general firm- ing and stock-raising. He is one of the most successful farmers of his age in the township. Politically he is a Republican. George W. Jejfers was born in Carthage Township, Athens Co., Ohio, Jan. 19, 1825. When he was a child his parents moved to Lodi Township. His father died when he was small and he was obliged to rely on his own resources. He never had shoes to wear till he was eight years old. When nine years old he left home and lived with strangers three years. He then returned to live with his mother, and when only twelve years old commenced clearing heavily timbered land for the purpose of setting out an HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 805 orchard and raising grain. In 1838 hard times came on, and the money could not be raised to pay the taxes, so the land was sold, but he afterward redeemed it. He chopped wood at 25 cents a cord and offered to make rails at 25 cents a hundred. He made hundreds of pounds of maple sugar, and sold it for 6 cents a pound, taking it in trade. When but fourteen years old he could do as much work in the harvest field as a tn'an, and when fifteen could cut and split 2u0 rails a day. When twenty years old he was mar- ried to Mary Ann Kirgan. In 1849 he went to Henry County, Iowa, driving through with a team in nineteen days; had only 62£ cents left when he got there. He went to Marion and Clark coun- ties and entered 160 acres in each county. He improved his land and afterward sold it for a good price. Feb. 23, 1857, he started for Cass County, Neb., and after a journey of fifteen days crossed the Missouri River on the ice, with three yokes of oxen and a heavily loaded wagon. He bought 320 acres of choice land for $1,700. He lived there fifteen years and had the privilege of helping to make Nebraska a State. In 1872 his family ties were broken, and he returned to Ohio. In 1876 he married Maggie Burson and set- tled in Pleasant Valley. He was a member of the Methodist church forty years, but in 1878 joined the Christian church, of which he is now an Elder. Mr. Jeffers has always assisted liber- ally in the building of churches and school-houses. In an early day he was called the strongest man at log-rollings and house-rais- ings, and was always ready to assist his neighbors in settling up the Hocking Valley. Mrs. Jeffers's father, James C. Burson, was born in Loudoun County, Va., in 1801, and died in 1870. He came to Athens County, Ohio, in 1839. March 10, 1822, he married Hannah Powell. They had eight children — Elizabeth, William, Catherine, John, Esther, James, Margaret and Hannah. Mr. Burson was an Elder in the Christian church the greater part ot his Christian life, and strove to build up good society, and worked for the interest of his county. He cleared and got under cultiva- tion seventy-five acres of land in the Hocking Valley, and saw very hard times as an early settler in raising his family. His widow still survives, and is in her eighty-fourth year. Lewis H. Jeffers, born Dec. 4, 1838, in Athens County, is a son of William Jeffers. July 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Thir- tieth Ohio Infantry; was at the last battle of Bull Run, Champion Hill, siege of Vicksburg and Jackson, Miss., and was discharged Aug. 27, 1864. Sept. 30, 1864, he married Olive Brooks, of Alexan- 806 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. der Township. They had nine children, seven of whom are living — Stella, Mary L., Wade E., George H., Emma M., Rodolph and Clyde Oottis. William and an infant son are deceased. Mr. Jeffers has 300 acres of land under a good state of cultivation, with a good residence and farm buildings. William Jeffers, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Athens County, Ohio, April 24, 1819. His father, George Jeffers, was a native of Pennsylvania, of English parentage. In 1S26 he moved to the farm where the subject of our sketch still resides. William Jeffers was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. In 183S he married Mary Daily. Eight children were born to them, only six now living — L. H., George, William, S. C, C. F. and Elizabeth J. Winfleld S. and Mary are deceased. Four sons were in the war of the Rebellion. Mr. Jeffers has been Jus- tice of the Peace six years. He has a fine stock farm, making a specialty of Spanish merino sheep. He is a member of the Chris- tian church. He is an enterprising man, and always takes an interest in anything that tends to the advancement of his county. John Kelly, son of J. L. and Joanna Kelly, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, in November, 1824, and came to this township with his parents when an infant. He was married July 28, 1841, to Matilda Price. They have nine children — John L., Ivy, Adaline, Joseph, Joanna, Levi, Harriet, Charles and Effle. Mr. Kelly has served two terms as Justice of the Peace, and as Township Trustee. He is a member of the Christian church. Mrs. Kelly's grand- mother, Margaret Snowdon, was the first white woman in Athens County. J. L. Kelly, deceased, son of E. and Silence (Edmunds) Kelly, was born in Cayuga County, N. Y. His father came to Athens County, Ohio, with his family, and was one of the first settlers of Carthage Township. There was a family of four sons and two daughters. J. L. resided at home till nineteen years of age. When twenty-four he w r as married to Joanna Price, who was born in the block house at Marietta, Ohio. He lived in Meigs County two years, and in 1^25 located in Lodi Township. He had a family ot eleven children — John, Louisa, Perilla, L. E., Louis, Silence, Lu- cinda (deceased), Jane, Olive, William and Joanna. John L. Kelly, son of John and Matilda (Price) Kelly, was born June 18, 1815, in Lodi Township, where he was reared and edu- cated. June 20, 1802, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Twen- ty-ninth Ohio Infantry, ami served a year, lie was married Dec. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 807 21, 1868, to Lydia Barley, who died leaving one child — Rosa. Dec. 25, 1876, he married Sarah Tower. They have three children — Matid, Lucas and Dessie. Mr. Kelly owns a farm of eighty acres, well improved. John Kincade was born in 1815 in Clarksburg, Pa., a son of Jo- seph and Sarah Kincade. His parents came to Athens County when he was small, first settling in Guysville. He worked with his father in the mill and on the farm till manhood, then worked three years in the Coolville Mill. He then moved on the farm now called the Chalker farm; lived there a while and then went to Guysville and worked in the mills there three years; then moved one mile above Guysville and built the Kincade Mill, where he lived about thirty years. In 18S1 he rented the Shade Valley Mills two years. He now is in Harmony. He was married April 1, 1840, to Harriet Hale. They had four children, only two now living — James Edwin and Jnstina. Mrs. Kincade died July 22, 1851. Jan. 1, 1852. he married S. E. Kelley. They have had eight children born to them — Mary Irena, John William, Laura A., Charles Ellsworth, Melville, Izetta May, Emma. Dell and Edna Matilda. Politically Mr. Kincade is a Democrat. He has been a member of the Baptist church thirty-four years. James Kyle, son of John Kyle, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio,, Dec. 25, 1825. He was reared and educated in his native county, and when twenty-six years of age came to Lodi Township, locating at Garden, where he was engaged in the mercantile busi- ness eleven years. He is* numbered among the best business men of Lodi Township and is always alive to the interests of the com- munity. He was married when twenty years of age to Mary Jane Dean, a native of Marion County, Ohio. They have two children — Rachel Rebecca and Stephen W. Samuel Poston, son of John and Isabel Poston, was born in Canaan Township, Athens Co., Ohio, June 7, 1837. He was mar- ried Nov. 15, 1857, to Elizabeth Ross, of Carthage Township. They have six children— Elsie D., Alice G., Effie J., Nettie F. Herbert and Elmer. The first four years after his marriage Mr. Poston resided in Canaan Township. He then moved to Lodi Township, living on the farm now owned by William Poston three years. He then returned to Canaan Township and resided two years, when he went to Bedford Township. Meigs County, and remained three years. In the spring of 1S72 he came to Lodi Township and located on section 24. where he still resides. He 80S HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. has 287 acres, well improved, with a good residence and farm build- ings. Politically Mr. Poston is a Prohibitionist. He has held the offices of Township Trustee and Assessor. William Poston, born in Hampshire County, W. Va., Nov. 7, 1826, is a son of John and Isabella (McVicker) Poston, of English descent. In 1833 his parents came to Athens Count} 7 , Ohio, and settled on Sugar Creek, where they lived two years and then moved to Canaan Township. William's earl} 7 life was spent in assisting to clear wild timbered land. He attended the common schools, and by close study and observation has acquired a good practical education. When eighteen years of age he commenced life for himself by working by the mouth. Oct. 13, 1849, he married Miss T. Osborn, daughter of Ezra Osborn. In 1867 Mr. Poston came to Lodi Township and settled on the farm where he still re- sides. He has 175 acres mostly improved, with a good house well furnished. He has read law to some extent, and has been very successful in the profession. In politics he is an independent Democrat. He is no aspirant for office, but has served as Town- ship Trustee. He is a firm believer in the Christian religion, and is always ready to do anything to advance its cause. Mr. and Mrs. Poston have six children — Mary Jane, Lydia Frances, John, Laura Elizabeth, Margaret Adaline and Cora Belle. He has given his children the advantage of a good education, so that they may be fitted for any position that they may be called upon to fill. Isaac Sargent, a native of Washington County, Penn., was born June 1, 1817, and was a son of George and Sarah (Parkhurst) Sargent. He spent his youth on a farm, receiving but a limited education in the subscription schools. In 1S36 he came to Athens County, settling in Lodi Township, where he has since resided with the exception of seven years spent in Meigs County. Mr. Sargent is by trade a shoemaker, but has worked at his trade only about twenty winters, the rest of his time being spent in farming. He now owns a farm of 200 aci'es, good, well-improved land, where he has all the comforts a good home can provide for his declining years. He was married Jan. 10, 1839, to Charlotte Davis, daugh- ter of Calvin P. and Jane (Sloan) D.tvis. They have three chil- dren — Sarah Jane, Margaret Jane and E. L. Windell Shott, son of John and Catharine (Learnes) Shott, was born in Prussia, Dec. 16, 1818, and was the fourth of a family of ten children. When he was eighteen years of age his parents came to America, landed at Baltimore after a voyage of seventy- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 809 three days. They went to Pittsburg, Pen n., and remained three months; then came to Ohio, locating in Monroe County. Two months later Windell went to Belmont, where he lived about four years, when he went to Guernsey County and remained two years. He then returned to Monroe County, and in 1842 came to Athens County. He first lived on the old Beard farm a year, and then bought eighty acres where he now lives. He his by industry and frugality acquired a good property, owning at present 500 acres of well-improved land. In May, 1S41, he married Catharine Timothy, a native of Guernsey County, Ohio, and a daughter of Peter and Elizabeth Timothy. They have ten children — Elizabeth, Mary, Catharine, John, Nicholas, William, Andrew, Sarah, Alice, Mar- garet. Mr. Shott was Postmaster a number of years, and it was through his influence that the mail-route from Guysville to Hull and Lottridge was established. David G.Steuart, son of John Steuart, was born in Bath County, Va., Nov. 4, 1813. His grandfather, Win. Steuart, was a native of Scotland, but educated at Belfast, Ireland. David G. was reared on a farm and received but a limited education. He came to Athens County, Ohio, in 1852, first settling in Athens Township. In 1876 he bought the farm where he now resides on section 17, Lodi Township, containing 120 acres of well-improved land, and makes a specialty of sheep-raising. He was married Nov* 18, 1841, to Rachel Calahan, of Virginia. They have two children — Charles «H. and Elizabeth V. Politically Mr. Steuart is a Republican. James K. Watkins, a native of Ohio, was born Sept. 26, 1833, a 6on of Andrew and Elizabeth Watkins, his father a native of Pennsylvania and his mother of Ohio. He was married Sept. 4, 1856, to Sarah A., daughter of Richard Angell, a prominent pio- neer of Lodi Township. In 1864 Mr. Watkins bought the farm where he now resides. He has 100 acres of good land, well culti- vated, and good farm buildings. Politically he is a Democrat. Abraham M. Williams, deceased, was a native of New Jersey, born July 16, 1798, of German parentage. He was married to Margaret Force, a native of Rahway, N. J., born April 8, 1796, of French descent. In 1829 they came to Lodi Township, being among the first settlers, and located near Jersey vi lie, on what is known as the Burson farm. Tiiey reared a family of nine children — S. T., Henry C, Jeremiah M., Waldron S.. Mary E. , Margaret T., Harriet S, Wilbur M., William II. Margaret and Jeremiah are deceased, the latter dying a prisoner of war in 1862. Mr. Will- 810 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. iams was a strong Union man; four of his sons were soldiers in the late war. He was a member of the Baptist church. He died in November, 18S1. Mrs. Williams died May 29, 1869. Wilbur M. Williams, son of Abraham M. Williams, was born in Lodi Township, March 6, 1837. He received a common-school education, residing on his father's farm till twenty-four years of age. Sept. 18, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and was in the service three years and two months, never being off duty during the time. He was in the battles of Stone River, Pulaski, and a number of others. He had his clothes torn by bullets, but was never wounded. He was discharged in No- vember, 1864. Dec. 24, 1865, he married Belinda C. Cramer. Six children have been born to them — Stella M., Joseph E., Gladius, Mary M., Bertha B. and Anna. Mr. Williams has a tine farm of 340 acres, and is engaged in general farming, giving considerable attention to the raising of sheep. Politically he is a Republican. He is a member of the Methodist church. Hiram G. Withers, M. D., a native of Ohio, was born Dec. 26, 1818, a son of Jonathan and Martha (Sarting) Withers, natives of Massachusetts. He was the second of a family of twelve children, eight sons and four daughters. His early life was spent in attend- ing school and assisting on the farm, where he remained till twenty- two years of age. He then removed to Western Ohio. He commenced the study of medicine with Dr. Benj. Alworth, and finished with Dr. David McCune, receiving his certificate from the latter. He came to Athens County in 1860, and has built up a large practice. He has a good residence and is very pleasantly located in Jerseyville. Nov. 27, 1848, he married Ellen Stevenson. Six children have been born to them — William H., Mary E., Henry S., Agnes, Edward and Lucy N. William Ziim, sou of Moses and Theresa (Tharp)Zinn, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, Oct. 1, 1S57. He was the fifth of six children. His early life was spent at Grove Point, where he re- ceived his education. When eighteen years of age he went to Columbus and engaged in the grocery business three years. He then went to Pottawattamie County, Iowa, and remained eighteen months. He then returned to Columbus and engaged in the whole- sale flour business two years, when he came to Athens County and located at Cahaanville, Ohio. February, 1883, he came to Hull's and bought out W. Shott. lie keeps a large stock of dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes, notions, etc. and is laying the founda- tion of a srood trade and successful business life. HISTOKY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 811 William Blackstone, M. D., eldest son of John and Jemima Blackstone, came of English-Welsh ancestry. He was born in Botetourt County, Va., May 24, 1796. John Blackstone was a native of Kent County, Md., born March 9, 1772, and Jemima (King) Blackstone was a native of Virginia, born Sept. 19, 1773. When but a t'ev? years old William Blackstone was brought by his parents to Pickaway County, Ohio. Remaining there but a short time, the Blackstone's removed to Ross County, where they set- tled and made a farm near Bainbridge. On this farm the early years of William Blackstone were passed Few indeed were the advantages offered the youth for obtaining an education, but young William's innate thirst for learning conquered adversity, and when he arrived at an age when he began teaching he was the most thor- ough scholar of any teacher in the pioneer schools of Southern Ohio. His first teacher was White Morgan, who taught in a log school-house in the Demitts Bottom, some two miles from the Blackstone cabin. When William had arrived at the age of about twenty-four his literary attainments and exemplary habits attracted the notice and admiration of Dr. Benjamin Doddridge, of Bain- bridge, Ohio, himself a classical scholar, who taught him Greek and Latin and gave him a very fair education in the classics. During this time he also read medicine with Dr. Doddridge, from whom he obtained sufficient knowledge of the science of medicine to engage in the practice. Having received an offer from Dr. Luckey, of Circleville, Ohio, he went to that place and formed a partnership with him. He continued with Dr. Luckey about a year when he removed to Bloomingburg, Fayette County, and began the practice of medicine alone. About one year later he attended a course of lectures at Transylvania Medical College, at Louisville. On his return from Louisville he stopped at Bain- bridge, Ohio, to participate in the most important and happy event in any man's life, his own marriage. On the 28th day of April, 1824, he was united in marriage with Julia M. Doddridge, eldest daughter of Benjamin and Sophia Doddridge, of Bainbridge, Ohio. She was born in Brook County, Ya., Nov. 1*',, L806. Her father, Dr. Doddridge, was a fine classical scholar, and graduate of Yale College. He came to Ohio as early as 1810, and was widely known and highly esteemed as an able physician and schol- arly gentleman. Ohio at so early a period in its settlement as 1810 contained few such men of letters and polished physicians as Benjamin Doddridge. After their marriage Doctor and .Mrs. S12 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Blackstone went direct to Bloomingburg where the Doctor resumed the practice of medicine. About two years later they removed to Clarksville, Ohio; from there they removed to Piketon, Pike County, thence to Richmondale, Ross County; from there they went to the then new town of "Waverly. In none of these places did they remain but two or three years at most, the Doctor all the time con- tinuing the practice of medicine. During their stay at Waverly the Doctor attended the Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati, from which he graduated with honors in 1834. In 1S39 Dr. Blackstone came to Athens, fresh from his graduation at Cincinnati, and being a fine literary scholar and learned in medicine he took rank at once among the verj T best physicians in all the Hocking V^ alley region. Of the eight children resulting from the union of Will- iam Blackstone and Julia Doddridge, but two survive — Doctor Benjamin Doddridge Blackstone, a practicing physician of Mar- tinsville, Ind., and Doctor John King Blackstone, practicing at Hebron, Ind. The deceased were Julia M., wife of Dr. W. P. Johnson, of the Surgical Institute at Indianapolis, Ind.; Adaline O., died in infancy; William, Sophia Adela, Elizabeth Lillian and William Victor. In the pure moral life of Dr. Blackstone there is much to admire, much that is worthy of emulation. His profes- sional life extended over about a half century, and during all these years of devotion to his profession he practiced medicine, not for the attainment of mercenary ends, but for the relief of suffering humanity. A member of the First Presbyterian Church of Ath- ens, he was ever willing to lend his name or his influence to every moral enterprise. Doctor Blackstone died suddenly in his office at Athens. March 17, 1879. Mrs. Blackstone resides in her own quiet home in Athens, in the enjoyment of many devoted friends. She is a member of the Presbyterian church, in which she is an earnest, enthusiastic worker for the advancement of every worthy Chris- tian enterprise. CHAPTER XXIX. HISTORY OF HOCKING COl K 7 ] V THE HOCKING VALLEY— THE white max's advent and red m exit Those Who Led the Van oj Civilization The Fibsi Pioneebs — The County Organization A 81 Land thov woto followed :i tow years later 1 Peters, I I Bowens, These all set ■\ j ,- . r 1S1 5 Gteorge Ba Greek In 180T, but little was known of him : in I s s or 1809 Ssmnel Friend, John Morse, and ge flThtte ?« 1808; the; - so on Laurel . what is now Perrj Township, ment np tin • 1816* or 18 \ >raham Pitcher, Andrew s Koons and H man by the v - ed in 1812, 01 - Q8 -I and £S, followed in K ( . Josiah Cantrel, John Foi . i ■.. > - - ■ . [t was about this time that a few ventures spirits s inks . c, around which linger, s daj, wild leg - y, the belief in the axist< nee ' - is tradition si ites, table i . " Back manj pears s Da ' Phe first is in 1S0S or 1809, .;:\ C - Ebj settled on md he h i 3 , . v ICOSAS D ement was made in IM4. i - Chris - - - . 5 . .. gle and s 3 inks of Rush C k on s Phese pioneers \ tnd men.' - n . Elock discussion, a sons j s i popula- - s tla - . - x. - for sur- BI9T0£f 01 ''J? 'I t of a /-'• a V i ) it. ■ I and a 1817 Pete p it ■ 1 ( J' J "J 7 -. b tt .. ■ of M; 1782, B . v . ^ e and pi g a separate chapfc I ■ jainin Biddlc ] ■ P diet /I/- Act to erect the eowdy of Hocking and to attach par oj county of Boss to t) t of Jack I j it enacted - bom 818 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. ty-five, township fourteen, and range sixteen; thence south to the southeast corner of the thirteenth township in the same range; thence west three sections to the southwest corner of section thir- teen in the same township and range; thence south to the south- east corner of section nineteen, township eleven, and range sixteen; thence west to the southwest corner of section thirty-one, township twelve, and range seventeen; thence south to the southeast corner of section thirty-six in township ten, range eighteen; thence west to the southwest corner of section thirty-one in township ten, range nineteen; thence north to the northwest corner of section thirty, in township twelve, and range nineteen; thence east to the southeast corner of section twenty-four in said township and range; thence north to the northwest comer of section eighteen, in township thir- teen, and range eighteen; thence east to the southeast corner of section twelve, same township and range; thence north to the north- west corner of section eighteen, township fifteen, range seventeen; thence east to the northeast corner of section thirteen, in same township and range; thence south two sections to the southeast corner of the twenty-fourth section in the same range; thence east to the place of beginning, be, and the same is, hereby erected into a separate and distinct county by the name of the county of Hock- ing. Sec. 2. That all suits or actions, whether of a civil or criminal nat- ure, which shall be pending, and all crimes which shall have been committed within said counties of Ross, Athens and Fairfield, pre- vious to the organization of the said county of Hocking, shall be prosecuted to final judgment and execution within the counties in which such suits shall be pending, or such crimes shall have been committed, in the same manner as they would have been if no di- vision had taken place; and the sheriff, coroner and constables of the counties of Athens, Ross and Fairfield shall execute within such parts of the county of Hocking as belonged to their respect- ive counties previous to the taking effect of this act, such process as shall be necessary to carry into effect such suits, prosecutions and judgments; and the collectors of taxes for the counties of Ross, Athens and Fairfield shall collect all such taxes as shall have been levied and imposed within such parts of the county of Hocking as belonged to their respective counties previous to the taking effect of this act. Sec. 3. That all justices of the peace and constables within those parts of the counties of Ross, Athens and Fairfield, which by this HISTORY OF HOCKING- VALLEY. 819 act are erected into a new county, shall continue to exercise the duties of their offices until their terms of service expires, in the same manner as if no division of said counties had taken place. Sec. 4. That on the first Monday in April next the legal voters residing within said county of Hocking shall assemble within their respective townships, at the usual place of holding township elections, and elect their several county officers, who shall hold their offices until the next annual election: Provided, That when any township shall be divided in consequence of establishing the county of Hocking in such manner that the place of holding town- ship elections shall fall within the counties of Ross, Athens and Fairfield, then and in that case the electors of such fractional town- ships shall elect in the next adjoining township or townships in said county of Hocking. Sec 5. That the courts of the said county of Hocking shall be holden at the house of Thomas Pullen in township No. 14, range No. 17, until the permanent seat of justice for said county shall be established. Passed Jan. 3, 1818. Sec. 6 was attached to this act which gave to Jackson County township 9, ranges 18 and 19, from Ross County, both afterward taken from Jackson and given to Yinton County. The organization of the county gave it a slight notoriety, and quite an influx of settlers made it their homes during the next few years. Logan received many of these immigrants who came from Maryland, Virginia and Pennsylvania. The principal trouble with the new comers was the chills and fever which was prevalent in those early days, and which discouraged many from remaining, for in most cases those not acclimated had to go through a course of this debilitating sickness. EARLY RECORDS. The first deed recorded is in Book A, Folio 1, and is from John and Phoebe Pence to Robert Long. It conveyed one acre of land for and in the consideration of $20, and was dated April 15, 1818. Dutton Lane placed it upon record. This gentleman was also the first Justice of the Peace for the township, and had something like two cases a year. 820 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Thetirst marriage of record reads as follows. STATE OF OHIO, ) gg Hocking County. f I hereby certify that on the 4th day of May, a. d. 1818, I joined together in the holy state of matrimony Thomas CNeil and Nancy Lee, of lawful age. [seal.] Given under my hand and seal this 9th day of May, a. d. 1818. Dutton Lane, J. P. This was not the first marriage in the county, however. A brother of the above, James O'Neil, was married several years be- fore the organization of the county, and several others are men- tioned in the township histories. This being the first of record it is given, and the following, which was the second one placed on the book, was by 'Squire Lane also, who married Benjamin Stim- son and Eve Matthias Dec. 16, 1818, and Samuel Fetherolf, J. P., united David Strawser and Rhoda Starkey, Dec. 22, 1818. EAGLE AND SALT CREEK. The first meeting of the County Commissioners was held April 25, 1818, and their names were Dutton Lane, David John- ston and Benjamin F. Smith. Their first act was to appoint Royal Converse, Clerk. Business then opened and petitions were received from the inhabitants of township 10, ranges IS and 19, praying to be incorporated into an election district. This was granted and the township named " Eagle." These are the pres- ent townships of Eagle and Jackson in Vinton County. The elec- tion ordered at the same time was to be held on May 9, 1818, at the house of Moses Dawson. The next business was also for an election precinct, and this time it was township 11, ranges IS and 19, whose inhabitants wanted a township organization. It was granted, and named "Salt Creek." This includes the present townships of Salt Creek and Benton. The election was also ordered for May 9, ISIS, and at the house of Bastian Fousts. Elections were held that year in Eagle, Salt Creek, Starr and Fall (now Falls) townships. The election resulted in favor of Peter Ilaynes for Sheriff; Isaac Peterson, Coroner, and for John Rat- cliff, Jacob Straus and Dutton Lane, Commissioners. The Sheriff gave a bond in the sum of £4,000, signed by George Goul and Daniel Karshner as securities. The Commissioners appointed John A. Peters Collector. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 821 PROCEEDINGS FIRST REGULAR MEETING. It seems that the first regular meeting of the County Commis- sioners was June 1, 1818. The following was the first order of record: '•''Ordered at the first regular meeting of the Commissioners of Hocking County, June 1, 1818, That ferry license for the ensuing year be assessed at two dollars. " That the rates of ferriage across the Ilockhocking River is estab- lished as follows: For man and horse, 12 1-2 cents; for footman, 6 1-4 cents; for four-horse wagon, loaded, 50 cents; for four-horse wagon not loaded, 37 1-2 cents; for two-horse wagon, loaded, 37 1-2 cents; for two-horse wagon, not loaded, 25 cents; for one-horse cart or wagon, loaded, 18 3-4 cents. " That the rate of tavern license be assessed $6 for the ensuing year. "Retail merchants and peddlers, $10." At this meeting the Commissioners went into a written contract with Gasham M. Peters to build a county jail, to be placed on the northeast corner of lot 1, in the town of Logan. This lot was sit- uated on the corner of Walnut and Hunter streets. This contract was afterward withdrawn, June 20, and a part of Samuel Smith's house, in the language of the court, was "to be considered the county jail, except in State cases, which commitments shall be in Fairfield County." The cause of the withdrawal of jail contract may be found in the following order, at another meeting, July 20, 1818, which read: " Ordered, That the jail in Logan be accepted from the Hon. Thomas Worthington in accordance with his proposition." At this meeting, June 1, 1818, it was ordered, that the petition for a road from west of Main street in Logan, in a westerly direc- tion, to intersect the old county road near the Falls be granted." Also, that I3enj. Webb, Andrew Crocket and Joseph Johnson be appointed viewers of the proposed road from the east end of Main street in Logan, to intersect the old county road at or near the upper bridge across Oldtown Creek; $105 damage was paid to John Pence, Sr., in the locating of this road. GRAND JURY. I There were one or two other meetings of the Commissioners that year, but nothing of importance transpired, being road business and some other matters of purely local affairs. The first 822 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Grand Jury called for in Hocking County was composed as follows: Aaron Young, Foreman; Robert Watts, John Zellows, Fred. Bitcher, David Dutcher, Chas. Westenhaver, Michael Warren, Chas. Wright, Watson Peterson, George Hansell, Isaac Peterson, Samuel Moore, Geo. Randebaugh, Coon Bryan, Cornelius Shoe- maker. The first session of the Court Commissioners held in January, 1819, was at the house of Joseph Whipple, which * was designated as the court-house, at the session Dec. 19, 1818. At that session a petition was presented by the inhabitants of township 12, range 18, original survey, asking for the privilege of electing their own trustees, which was granted. This township is the present Laurel, which comprises the above township and range. ROADS AND TOWNSHIPS. At the regular June meeting, 1819, the road from Logan to the Jackson County line, which had been viewed previously and re- port of the viewers received, was ordered by the County Court to be opened upon, the line marked out to be thirty-three feet wide. March 13, 1820, a road was laid out from Logan to Sunday Creek, toward Marietta; another, Oct. 2, 1820, from Logan to the county line toward Chillicothe; and still another from David Johnston's to Logan, March 14, 1821. These Avere the main roads opened. They were all to be forty feet wide. Jan. 21, 1819, Samuel Tannehill, Christopher Westenhaver and Samuel Moore were appointed appraisers to lay off the sixteenth section of township 12,of range 18 (Laurel), into convenient lots, and to value the same on the application of the trustees of said township. This was the first sixteenth section laid off. On the 20th of the next September another petition was filed for the same purpose in connection with a petition by the inhabitants, township 12, range 17, to organize into an independent precinct, which was granted in both cases, and an election was ordered to be held at the house of David Johnston, Oct. 18, 1819. This was the present Swan Township, which lay in that township and range. At this time, and apparently for the year 1819, Wm. Wal- lace was Clerk of the Board of Commissioners. In the following year, 1820, he was appointed Auditor, or probably appointed the fall before, but gave his bond March 13, 1820. He was appointed in 1821 and 1822. Congressional township 13, of range 16, was the next to organize and elect trustees. This was a part HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 823 of the present Green Township and all of Falls-Gore. Its election was held April 29, 1820, at the house of Samuel Tannehill. G. M. Peters, who was the first Treasurer, was reappointed in June, 1820, 1821, 1822 and 1823. The tax levy for the jear 1820 was 50 cents on the $100 valuation on real property, and 30 cents on horses and 10 cents on cattle. The road tax on real estate in 1819 amounted to $87 dollars, and this was divided among the four townships, as follows: Falls, $31; Starr, $30; Eagle $11.37i and Salt Creek, $18. 374-. In 1821 Salt Creek Township asked to vote for trustees for its sixteenth section, and the same year, and at the June term, Good Hope Township is first spoken of. Its first election was held at the house of John Francisco, Sept. 29, 1821. It was a part of con- gressional township 13, range 18. A road was ordered opened to Cbnnelsville in 1826, and another to Fairfield County line, along the river, in December, 1823, both not to exceed forty feet in width. GREEN AND LAUREL. Green Township was organized in 1823, the following order being made June 2 of that year: " Ordered, That so much of township 13, of range 1G, as lies north of Hocking River, and so much of township 14 as lies in Hocking County, be laid out into a separate township, to be known by the name of Green Township." At the same date the north four tiers of sections, now Marion Township, and two tiers of sections, each in Starr and Green, were added to Falls Township for voting purposes, though this order slightly interferes with the lines as given to Green Township above. Laurel was not organized as such until March 2, 1824, although she had been a separate voting precinct since 1820. The order was as follows: " Ordered, That the original survey of township 12, range 18 be organized under the name of Laurel Township." There were numerous changes in those early days in town- ship and also county lines. For instance, Green Township took in north of the river and Falls-Gore, which was so much of township 14, range 16, as lay in Hocking County. Falls was also changed several times. Good Hope and Marion, which belonged to Falls Township, was petitioned to be set apart, June 7, 1824, as a separate township. This was done the following De- cember, and an election ordered on the first Monday of April, 1825, 824 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. at what was then "called the paper-mill. The township was to be called Good Hope. John Brown was County Treasurer in the year 1824. TOWNSHIPS NUMBERED. The County Commissioners seemed to have divided their time between laying out roads and changing township lines, and in mix- ing up congressional townships and ranges as to make it almost impossible to find out just where the lines of a municipal township were to be found. At the June term, 1825, being the regular term, the Commissioners set to work to overhaul the entire munic- ipal divisions of the county, arrange their boundaries and give them numbers as well as names. TOWNSHIP AND RANGE LINES. This action of the County Commissioners makes it necessary to more clearly understand them — that the incongruity of the congressional township lines of the State and that of the Ohio Purchase should be explained. From the north and south line of the Ohio Company's purchase west, the congressional town- ships are regular, but crossing that line the congressional town- ship changes, and even the Ohio Company failed to run theirs the same; its first tier of congressional townships, on the west side, being one number more and different from the one adjoin- ing. There will be found that the State congressional township 12 is opposite township 14 of the Ohio Purchase, and the next town- ship east, in the purchase, is No. 13; then it seems to run regular enough for two ranges when it again changes, and the Ohio Pur- chase is in very bad shape. This was caused by making the Ohio River its base line and numbering accordingly, starting at every range as No. 1. The river running northwest, cut the number ot townships down from fifteen to seven; that is, rauge 17 had fifteen congressional townships, while range 13 had but seven, and they also numbered their sections from the southeast corner of their township instead of the northeast. Dr. Cutler, General Putnam and their followers seemed to have had level heads upon the subject of education a trifle superior to some of a later day, but their sur- veying parties were indifferent as to whether they could square the circle, or that a triangle was not just as good as a right angle for a base line. The congressional townships of the Ohio Purchase HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 825 are a curiosity from their inconsistency in numbering, This will explain the position of the different townships as named and num- bered by the County Commissioners at their June term, June 7, 1825. NO. 1. FALLS TOWNSHIP. "Ordered, That congressional townships 13 and 14 and one tier of sections in township 15, on the east side, all in range 17, form the township of Fall, and be known as No. 1." NO. 2. GREEN TOWNSHIP. "Ordered, That township 13 and so much of township 14 as lies in Hocking County, all in range 16, shall form the township of Green and be known as No. 2." NO. 3. STARR TOWNSHIP. "Ordered, That so much of townships 11 and 12, of range 16, as lie in Hocking County shall be Starr Township, and known as No. 3." NO. 4. SWAN TOWNSHIP. "Ordered, That township 12, of range 17, be known by the name of Swan and be numbered 4." NO. 5. EAGLE TOWNSHIP. "Ordered, That township 10, of ranges 18 and 19, be called Eagle Township, and be known as No. 5." NO. 6. SALT CREEK TOWNSHIP. " Ordered, That township 11, and so much of township 12, of range 19, as lies in Hocking County, and township 11, in range 18, shall form Salt Creek Township and be numbered 6." NO. 7. LAUREL TOWNSHIP. "Ordered, That township 12, of range 18, shall bs Laurel Town- ship, and be known as No. 7." NO. 8. GOOD HOPE TOWNSHIP. "Ordered, That so much of township 13, of range 18, and township 15, of range 17, as lie in Hocking County, excepting one tier of sections on the east side of township 15, shall form Good Hope Township, and be numbered 8." 826 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ITEMIZED. The election of Daniel Harsh, as County Collector this year, 1826, was the first time this office was made elective. Washington Township was organized June 5, 1826, and was township 13, of range 17, which was taken off" of Falls. This was No. 9, but nothing was said about the number. The first brick house, probably, in Hocking County was that ot Abraham Bitcher, erected in 1825; that is to say, at the June term of the court, 1826, Mr. Bitcher got $750 for the use of his brick house as a court-house three times, which is the only record of a brick house in the county up to that time. Then Jacob Myers, who was the fortunate possessor of a stal- lion, for breeding purposes, was equally unfortunate in not hav- ing a license. The matter was compromized by Jacob leaving $20 in the county treasury for incidental expenses. The three per cent, fund in 1826 was appropriated by the Com- missioners for the purpose of building a bridge across the Hocking River at the Falls, which was let to Demascus Weyman for the sum of $794, the following year, Nov. 3, 1827, and accepted as finished by the Commissioners at the June session, 1829. The clerk of the court, Dec. 3, 1827, asked the County Com- missioners to pay him some Court fees which certain defendants were unable to pay. The Commissioners respectfully declined, not considering it a lawful account. The total receipts for the fiscal year, ending June 1, 1830, was $1,010.39 9-10, and the amount paid out $910.95 6-10. This left a balance in favor of the county, of receipts over expenditures, of $99.44 3-10. Mr. A. G. Bright was appointed Assessor in 1828 and Treas- urer in 1829. FALLS-GORE AND JACtfSON. The inhabitants of Falls-Gore petitioned to have them transferred from Green Township to Falls, which was done March 4, 1828. Logan, as a voting precinct, was much nearer to them than in Green, and so they wanted to be changed, as they were compelled to come to the county seat on business. DECEMBER 6, 1831, is the date on which Jackson Township became an independent municipality. It is composed of township 10, range 18, and named HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 827 after General Andrew Jackson, and the first election was held at the house of Frederick Garrick, Dec. 24, 1831. NO. 11. MARION TOWNSHIP. It was nearly a year from the above day that Marion Township came into existence, as follows: " Ordered, That the petition of the inhabitants of that part of Good Hope and Falls townships lying in congressional township 15, of range 17, in Hocking County, be made a separate township, to be called Marion, and known as No. 11." The election was ordered held at the house of Frederick Cowick on the 29th day of December, 1832. The State road from Logan to Thornville, Perry County, was opened Dec. 2, 1833. In 1834 six sections of Eagle Township, be- ing from No. 1 to 6, inclusive, in township 10 of range 19, were taken from Eagle and added to Salt Creek Township, where they still remain, giving that town forty-two sections of land, being those six sections over a congressional township. There was little to interest the people in the proceedings of the Commissioners for many years. It was on Dec. 5, 1836, that BENTON TOWNSHIP had a local habitation and a name, having been organized that day in the following words: " Ordered, That the petition of the inhabitants of township 11 of range 18 be granted, and that in compliance therewith that said township be set off from Salt Creek and be made a separate town- ship, by the name of Benton, and known as No. 12." JAIL AND COURT-HOUSE. The old jail and the old court-house were getting to be both insecure and dilapidated, and it was decided to erect new ones. The first move was for a' county jail, which it was decided to build by the County Commissioners at their meeting in May. May 3, 1837, the Commissioners contracted with Win. Montgom- ery for the erection and completion of a county jail building for the sum of $2,118. Mr. Montgomery gave a guarantee bond of $4,000, signed by C. W. James, Thomas WoHhington, F. B. Drake, James Jones, R. Green and Elijah James as securities. He completed the building the same year. The court-house was not 828 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. put under contract until March 4, 1839, nearly two years after. Win. Montgomery also secured this contract, the consideration being $8,800. The contract called for a building modeled after the county court-house of Portage County and a bond was ex- acted for a faithful performance of contract in the sum of $10,000. Upon this paper the following names appeared as securities, to wit: James Jones, George Bright, Jno. B. Zimmerman, Chas. W. James and Frederick Mullenhour. The County Commissioners who let the contract were Robert McBroom, Madison Lemon, and W. H. Dunkle. The building was finished the following year, 1841, and accepted by the Commissioners. It is still standing and occupied by the officials of the county. This building and the jail, like the completion of the Hocking Canal, seemed to open a new era in the county's history, and a step forward in advanced progress. The next step was the starting of a newspaper, which was to become permanent the following year, but ere that point is reached there are matters of some importance to be recorded. SOME MINERAL TALK. All this time the progress of the county had been from a purely agricultural standpoint, and few up to the date of the county's or- ganization were aware of the immense resources of coal and iron to be found within her borders. One of the writers on this subject has placed Logan within twelve miles of the center of the coal fields of the Hocking Valley, while another locates her in the " bowels" of the same field or mining district. The fact of the case is, the latter is right, though these same " bowels" cover a wide ex- tent of country. Had the first writer stated that Logan was within twelve miles of the center of the present mining district he, too, would have made a correct statement. Without doubt, the six townships on the east side of Hocking will, when developed, show in coal and iron the equal of Straitsville and Nelsonville. Coal is all around Logan, but little has been done to bring to the surface the immense quantities of iron ore, the inexhaustible deposits of coal, the vast amounts of tire-clay and the beautiful and valuable timber, all of which is spread over hill and dale, in the vicinity of the valley, all within easy access, if utilized and brought into use. There is no location in the valley where manufacturing interest would pay a. better profit than within this county of Hocking, and the site of its capital city is peculiarly situated to make it one of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 829 the greatest manufacturing centers of the State. It combines all the elements of business success in that line — wood and water in abundance; coal and iron at her door, inexhaustible in quantity; water and steam power at nominal cost; fire-clay, saltpeter and glass sand in lavished quantity, with rail and water transportation facilities. Man cannot ask more, and capital need seek no farther for a place where the cost of production can be reduced to a minimum, or where a market can be found nearer to the place of manufacture. Besides this, Hocking County possesses another great advantage. Her soil is rich and fertile, and the consumers and producers being so Dear together would give to one a market for his product, while the other would receive the benefit of low prices, less, at least, the cost of transportation. The day cannot be far distant when capital, seeing its opportunity, will fill this valley with machinery that will develop the riches with which Providence, with a lavish hand, has filled this county, and which needs but the magic hand of genius and the open-handed but fos- tering care of capital to yield for the benefit of man its inexhaustible hidden wealth. The magnificent future of Hocking County is not one of doubt or of mystery; time and capital will develop it. The former is certain, but this future could be brought nearer if a com- bined effort was made on the part of the people to induce capital to concentrate its energies here. IN THE MATTER OF PROGRESS. From the organization of the county Hocking steadily advanced, and from a population of 2,000 in 1820, she had in 1840 reached the number of 8,510. This was a very good showing. The Hock- ing Canal, which enabled the operators in coal and iron to get their output to market, and the farmer to dispose of the surplus product of his farm, was a boon to them, and it brought a boom to the county. Settlers began to pour in, and prosperity was seen on every hand. It was completed in 1840, but the knowledge pf the fact that it would be built was sufficient to give all business a 8 tart two or three years before its completion. The coal operators especially, took advantage of the knowledge, possessed and enlarged their field of action, to be ready to take advantage of the new form of transportation. So the decade between 1830 and 1810 showed, a sound and substantial advance in both population and wealth, with a still brighter promise for the next decade. The following was the census of 1840 by townships: 830 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Logan City, 436; Falls, 1,625; Green, 1,189; Starr, 622; Salt Creek, 821; Laurel, 836; Good Hope, 469; Benton, 448; Washing- ton, 1,124; Marion, 1,370; Savan, 759; Jackson, 472 — total, 9,735. 1842. In the first number of the Hocking Sentinel, issued June 24, 1842, an interesting item was published of the taxation of the county for that year. The total tax receipts weje $8,257.69. Con- trast that with that of forty years later, and the increase is astonish- ing, that of 1882 being $104,059.68. The same paper gave a list of attorneys of Logan, or rather those who were progressive enough to announce their names and business through the means of the press. They were: Alex. Van Hamm, A. De Long, Joseph Lovell, Harry Lovell and Joseph Cradlebaugh. The old newspaper files are a valuable repository of early history, and it is a pity that a paper could not be published from the date a settlement could boast of a cross-road outfit — a store, a blacksmith shop, a shoemaker, a school-house and four or five residences. The record of weekly doing would prove interesting. HOCKING SENTINEL, 1842. Through the courtesy of Mr. Lewis Green, editor of the Sentinel, a copy of the Hocking County Sentinel of date Sept. 9, 1842, was placed in our hands. It was a six-column folio. S. W. Tucker editor, and Tucker and Wright, proprietors. Then, as now, the paper was Democratic, and it had at its head Wilson Shannon for Governor. Its county ticket to be voted for in October was: Sheriff, Frederick Mullenhour; Auditor, Alexander White; Treas- urer, Flavius Case; Commissioner, Christian Eby, Jr.; Coroner, N. M. Stinchicomb; Surveyor, Thomas B. Jones. John White was President of the " Democratic Association " (so-called), and B. R. Graham, Secretary. Mr. Mullenhour, was then Treasurer; Wm. Nelson, Sheriff, and C. W. James, Clerk of Hocking County. Flavius Case was Superintendent of Public Schools. The paper was terribly exercised over the Whig bolt in the Legislature to prevent the districting of the State into congres- sional districts, twenty-nine Whig members refusing to occupy their seats, which left less than a quorum. It headed a column, " Thunderings of the Press," which contained extracts from the leading papers of the State and of the East. Thos. Corwin was then Governor, and he received a good share of the indignation ex- pressed, he canvassing the State while^Governor, in the interest of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 831 the partisan bolters. Tyler's vetoes were referred to, and the general news of the day was found in its columns. It was for the times a very creditable paper. The Legislative district, in 1842, was com- posed of the counties of Ross, Pike, Jackson and Hocking. A convention to nominate members for the Legislature was called to order by Allen G. Thurman, and on his motion Flavius Case, of Hocking, was made temporary chairman of the convention. The convention was held at Richmond, Ross County. The district had three Representatives to elect. Two were nominated, and Hocking not being ready, her choice was to be nominated at a later day. The townships composing the county were: Falls, Green, Starr, Swan, Jackson, Salt Creek, Laurel, Good Hope, Washington and Benton. Congress was in the long session and did not adjourn until Aug. 31, 1842, and the Rocking Sentinel gave it the following greeting: "Nothing will be more pleasing to our readers than the knowl- edge of the fact that Congress adjourned on the last day of August. It will be the fault of the freemen of the country if such a mad, reckless, unprincipled band of traitors again disgrace the halls of Congress." Such was a relic of the past, and one name is mentioned then that stands to-day the greatest man in the State and one of the ablest statesmen in the whole country, the Hon. Allen G. Thurman. NO STEP BACKWARD. Hocking County took no step backward in the decade between 1840 and 1850. They were ten years of prosperity, coined by the sweat of the laborer's brow, whether in the field or in the mines, whether in town or country. It was a steady advance all along the line. Farms increased, stock of all kinds doubled in number, the population rose to 14,119 (nearly 50 percent, increase), the output of the coal interest quadrupled itself and a high carnival of pros- perity greeted the people on every hand. GOING BACK TO THE BEGINNING. Hocking County was organized March 1, 1818, and was formed from the counties of Fairfield, Ross and Athens. Since that time changes have been made, losing and gaining, equally, yet making the correct boundary of to-day possible only by waiting until changes had ceased. Previous to 1850 her territory was as now, excepting Ward Township, the east half of Starr, the two 832 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. north tiers of sections in Marion Township, and only two of the south tier of sections of Perry. In 1S50 Vinton County was organized, her first County Court being held in March of that year. At that time Hocking lost three townships, Jackson, Swan and Brown, which went to Yinton County, but received in return the remain- der of Starr, Perry and Marion townships, and in February, 1851, Ward Township from Athens County. In 1S40 Hocking County had the following townships : Benton, Falls, Good Hope, Green, Jackson, Laurel, Marion, Salt Creek, Starr, Swan and Washington. It had at that time 442 square miles of territory. ITS NAME. The name is taken from the Hockhocking River, which flowed through the county, and was a contraction of the name which has also since been applied to the river itself. So far as the county was or is concerned, the abbreviating of the name may not be of special importance, but the abridgement of the name of the river, de- stroying alike its meaning and musical cadence, is something for which there is no necessity and no reasonable explanation. Hock- hocking, in the language of the Delaware Indians, signifies a bottle; the Shawnees had it Wen-tha-Kagh-yua sepc, i. e., bottle river. John White, in the American Pioneer, says : "About six or seven miles northwest of Lancaster there is a fall in the Hockhocking of about twenty feet; above the fall for a short distance the creek is very narrow and straight, forming a neck, while at the falls it suddenly widens on each side and swells into the appearance of the body of a bottle. The whole, when viewed from above, appears exactly in the shape of a bottle, and from this fact the Indians called the creek Hockhocking." TOPOGRAPHY. The land is generally hilly and broken, but there are many rich and beautiful valleys that yield bountifully to man's labor. It is one of the best watered counties in the State, and along these streams are rich tracts of valley land, not large in area, but pro- ductive from the banks of the streams to at least half-way up the hills that skirt the streams. The Hocking enters the county from the northwest, in Good Hope Township, and continues a south- easterly course, passing through Fall and Green townships and touching Marion and Starr, meandering about one and a half in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 833 the former and two miles in the latter township, which it leaves and passes into Athens County. Then there are Monday and Sunday creeks and Snow Fork in the northeast ; Raccoon Creek and its branches in the southeast ; Salt Creek and its branches, Queer Creek and Big Pine Creek and their branches, the last emp- tying into Salt Creek and watering the Central, Southern and South- western portion of the county, while Laurel Creek and several tribu- taries leave the county on the west side. Besides these there are a .dozen other creeks, and springs innumerable. Stock-raising could become an immense and profitable business if followed. There is a growing interest in this department of agriculture, but it is still in its infancy, and if the real capacity of the county for stock-rais- ing purposes is considered, the stock business is a very young in- fant. Corn, wheat and grasses are the principal productions, with some tobacco, maple sugar and vegetables generally. The Wyandot Indians were the possessors of the soil at the time of the advent of the pale faces, and in this county, about one mile below the county seat, or Logan City, at the confluence of a small stream with the river, the tribe had quite a large town. The name of " Oldtown" was given to the creek, and it still retains the name. About five miles southeast of Logan, in Green Township, are two mounds, of the usual conical forms, about sixty feet in diameter at the base, erected entirely from stone, evidently brought from a great distance to their present location. This was the state of these mounds in 1845. The formation of the county shows it to have been a paradise for the animal kingdom, and they seem, from almost ever} 7 description given of early times, to have enjoyed their elysium. METES AM) BOUNDS. The county has had no changes since 1851, and her present mu- nicipal divisions are: Benton, Falls, Good Hope, Green, Laurel, Marion, Perry, Salt Creek, Starr, "Washington and Ward. She is bounded on the north by Fairfield and Perry counties, on the east by Perry and Athens counties, on the south by Vinton and Athens, ami on the west by Pickaway and Ross counties. The statistics of the county will enlighten the reader to the productions of the county, both in agriculture and mineral. Ward Township is credited with being the richest in mineral, and Perry with great men. Both these points may be open to discussion. So far, 53 834 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Hocking: County ranks in regard to soil and production as one of the best agricultural counties in the valley of the Hocking — not as large a quantity of land for cereals and stock-raising as some others, but what there is of it is in no wa} r behind other lands in productiveness. There has been no county in the valley, if even in the State, that can show so steady a progress from 1820 to 1880 in- clusive. Only one decade, that between 1S60 and 1870, but what shows the same onward march, and the rank and file of the Union army will easily explain that. It was not until transportation became a veritable fact that the mineral productiveness of the county began to take its place in the aggregate of productive wealth, and not then to any very great extent, for the State itself was but an infant in the development of its mining interests. P ft C^L/ CHAPTER XXX. AGRICULTURAL AND MINERAL-LOCAL EVENTS. Iron Manufacturers — Progress and Flood — Yield of 1859 — Local History — Valuation and Taxation — 1867 to 1S75 — Jail — Births and Deaths, 1873 — County Infirmary — Its Cost and Officers — Assessment Returns, 1874 and 1S76 — Ag- ricultural Products and Stock for 1S70, 1875 and 1880 — Hocking County Assessment, 1882 — Coal Output — Two Items — Hocking County Agricultural Society — From 1853 to 1SS2 — Suspended — The Record of a Crime — Murder of the Weldon Family — Patrons of Husbandry — Oil Well — A Curiosity — The Hollow Poplar Tree — Postal Routes and Tally Ho! — Normal Institute — From 1868 to 1882. iron manufactures. The mineral interests of this valley are given in Chapter LV, but some local matter is here added. Early in the decade between 1850 and 1860 the coal interest, which had begun to assume con- siderable proportions at Straitsville and Nelsonville, suggested to the manufacturing interests that they might utilize the great ore deposits of iron by erecting furnaces in the valley. Hocking and Vinton counties had vast quantities of iron ore of good quality, and capital came forward to engage in its conversion into pig iron. The first furnace erected in Hocking County was the Hocking Fur- nace, owned by Messrs. Moore & Birrd, in 1851. This was a success, and another one was started in 1853, called the Logan Furnace. The firm was composed of the two Dunn Brothers, Bishop and others, and was completed ready for business in 1854. As soon as this was fairly under way a stock company was formed to build the Five Mile Furnace in Starr Township. The principal stockholders were Daniel Dunn, of the Dunn Brothers, William Montgomery, John Westenhaver and Robert Wright, and went by the firm name of Robert Wright & Co. There were other stockholders, but these were the largest holders. The company sold it out in 1858 to John Garrett, who operated it to 1865, and after ;i few years sold to another company, and changed the name to Union Furnace. It now belongs to the Amalgamated or Con- solidated Company spoken of in another place. (835) 836 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. The first iron ore discovered in the county, and which caused the subsequent building of the furnaces, was in 1818, and just north of and near by Logan, by William Montgomery. He not long after entered into a contract with the Dresden Furnace Company, in Muskingum County, to deliver 1,000 tons of ore, which contract was fulfilled. The following is the ratio of material used for one ton of iron, as manufactured at the Gore Furnace in Hocking County: Native ore, 1.91 tons; Red Hematite, 0.26 tons; Lake Cham- plain, 0.07 tons. Total ores, 2.24 tons. Coal, 2.67 tons. There are at this time in Hocking County six furnaces: Winona was built in/1877 by the Winona Iron Company; the Craft's, Union, Lee, Helen and Gore. On the 1st of March last these furnaces pooled their issues, or consolidated, and are now owned by what is called the "Columbus and Hocking Iron and Coal Company." The Winona and Gore are in the two-mile strip, called, by courtesy, "Falls-Gore;" the Union is in Starr Township, Craft's in Green Township, and Lee and Helen furnaces in Ward Township. There are two other furnaces just over the line in Perry C >unty. PROGRESSING — FLOODS. The starting of furnaces gave a slight impetus to business at the county seat and in the immediate vicinity of the works, but thero was no great advance during the decade. It was steady, and in the end, or in the year i860, showed a creditable gain, the popu- lation having increased nearly 3,000, and the wealth of the county was somewhat greater in proportion to population than in 1850, the increased mining interest and iron furnaces going to swell the aggregate. In 1852 the marriages for the year in the county wen: reported at 142. The decade was not a witness of any stirring event unless the freshet of 1858 might be so called, and that of 1859, which did not leave a bridge standing in the county that was not seriously damaged, while nearly three fourths were entirely washed away. The roads also suffered in many places, the repairs of all seriouslv depleting the funds in the County Treasury. The total receipts of the county for the fiscal year ending Sept. 1, 1859, amounted to s!>, 155.51, and the expenditures the same year to $8,814.80, leaving a balance of £310.71 in the treasury. The year 1859 was, however, notwithstanding the flood, a prosperous one to the farmer. The following year, that of 1860, was also one of prosperity to the fanner, but the same year brought the muttering of a coming HISTORY (IF HOCKING VALLEY. 837 storm that left prosperity a wreck, and made nearly every household in the land a house of mourning. LOCAL HISTORY. The progress of the count) 7 so far had been not so much to the improvement of the surroundings as to provide the wealth neces- sary for a rainy clay. As late as 1862 there was scarcely a frame building found in the county outside of the towns and villages; at least, if any, were very few. ■ Churches, cabins, school-houses — all were built of logs. The farmer had also clung to his two-horse wagon, and spring seats or spring wagons, buggies, etc., were few; probably not a half dozen spring wagons could have been found in the county at that date outside of the corporation. The change since then has been wonderful. The pride of the people has been aroused as well as a stronger desire for comfort, which has resulted in scattering over the county some very handsome two story brick and frame residences that will compare favorably with those of the surrounding counties, and which in finish, with their lawns and gardens, show a cultured and refined people, and comfort is taking the place of hardship, and the old pioneer or his children are meet- ing life with less hardship and trouble than those of a hundred years ago and less. -Peace meetings were held in Logan in August of 1864, and peace, as we all know, came in 1865. For four long years the white-winged angel Peace had hovered, weary and in sorrow, over the land, but the year 1865 brought rest, and she has since reigned, to the joy and prosperity of the people. VALUATION AND TAXES OF 186-1 AND 1865. TOWNSHIPS AND TOWNS. Falls Township Falls District, No. 4. . Logan Village Green Township Ward Township Starr Township Washington Township. Benton Township Salt Creek Township... Perry Township LaurelTownsMp Good Hope Township. .Marion Township tot'l VAI.TK OF T'XABLE PROPERTY. i 461,985 53.405 397,501 270,455 176,802 231,914 292,409 168,864 217,331 355,188 191,030 140,238 294,458 Total | $3,251,580 TOT'L TAXES FOR \I.I. PURPOSES $ 8,386.70 1,449.13 11,078.03 3,556.32 2,91828 3 355.38 ::i'S6.46 2,497.63 2941.14 4,330.54 2,673.66 4,825.20 3,769.75 $55,768.27 838 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The total valuation of personal property, moneys and credits, in Hocking County for the year 1865, as listed for taxation: TOWNSHIPS Falls Perry Washington Salt Creek Good Hope Benton Marion Laurel Starr Green Ward Total... $3,321,459 VALUATION. TAXES. $ 927,642 $ 22,150.04 363,417 6,614.54 279,199 3,408.36 226,798 4,626.94 139,140 3,479.74 167,813 4,027 28 308,997 4,542.04 189,770 2,884.72 239,599 5,535.16 281,643 5,407.28 197,441 3,336.62 3,652.72 The increase in those years was over $400,000 in the assessed valuation, that of 1867 giving the following report: valuation, 1867. ACRES VALUE VALUE OF VALUE OP t'wnships and towns. OP . OP REAL ESTATE CHATTEL tot'l val. LAND. LANDS. IN TOWNS. PROPERTY. 30.262J4 $ 329,546 I $ 169,397 $ 498,943 Logan School District 1,384% 57,345 33,805 91,150 182,275 229,361 111,880 411,636 22,954^ 198,640 350 310,s70 Ward Township 23,288 ^ 131,828 64,610 196,438 Starr Township 22,982^ 149,977 1,675 117.712 269.364 Washington T'wnship 23,191j| 209,243 3,670 126,238 339,151 Benton Township. . . 23,525% 116,756 5,614 61,840 184,210 Salt (Jreek Township . 26,959 156,929 74,305 281,284 Perry Township 26,128^ 231,369 7,598 142,609 381,576 Laurel Township.. . . 23,655% 135,239 2,503 71,219 208,961 Good Hope Township 16,198 91,002 2,450 78,913 172,365 Marion Township. . . 23,435^ 263,965% 213,276 122,136 $1,404,025 335,412 Total $2,021,150 $206,135 $3,631,310 JAIL. Although the proposition to build a jail had been voted down in 1864 it was deemed necessary the above year to build a county jail, and while about it to put up a good one, something that would test the skill of the criminal fraternity to escape from. Proposals were solicited by advertising the same, and the County Commis" sioners met in special session July 10, 1S67, to examine the bids and make the awards. I. Vorys & Bros., of Lancaster, Ohio, were the successful competitors. The following were the proposals re- ceived and amounts: I. Vorys & Bros., $17,450; James D. Poston HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 839 & Co., $21,975 ; H. Ackers & Co., $19,974 ; J. M. Floyd & Co., $21,450 ; W. Locke & Co., $21,150 ; Henry Petit, $19,500 ; M. Kreig, $19,365; L. Kleinschmidt, $18,190; Dr. James Sharp, $18,997. DEATH OF DENNIS m'cARTY. Jan. 23, 1S68, the county of Hocking and the city of Logan met with a serious loss in the death of* Dennis McCarty, County Treasurer. Few nobler men have lived in Hocking County than Dennis McCarty. Warm hearted, generous and true, it was only to know him to be his friend, for he attracted all by his geniality, and his death left an aching void which was hard to bear and harder yet to fill. The railroad fever, as will be found in another chapter, resulted in Hocking County and Logan doing their part, which gave to the Valley the Columbus, Hocking Valley & Toledo Railroad. This was not long finished when the Straitsville Branch was pro- jected and built, which was completed in 1871, and the Straits- ville mines took a start from the next January. « BIRTHS AND DEATHS in the county for 1873, or the fiscal year ending April 1, were: TOWNSHIPS AND TOWNS. Logan Village Falls Township Green Township Ward Township Starr Township \V;ishiugton Township. Benton Township Salt Creek Township . Perry Township Laurel Township Good Hope Township Marion Township Total Increase 21 17 20 30 23 19 13 29 19 21 1(5 23 251 30 22 10 19 27 15 22 20 •2:) 21 17 23 255 TOTAL. 51 39 30 49 50 34 35 55 42 42 3: J 40 506 23 5 21 10 16 6 8 13 20 9 14 23 168 338 The same report of IS 75 was: Total births, 550; deaths, 208; increase, 342. John Smeltzer was convicted, A.pril 30, 1873, of manslaughter for the murder of his sister-in-law, Barbara Smeltzer. Family trouble was the cause. 840 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Fire-clay was discovered on the Gallagher farm in the fall ot 1875. The county debt, in 1875, was $1,000, contracted for the pur- chase of the Infirmary farm and buildings. COUNTY POOR FARM. Prior to 1868 the poor and infirm of the county were turned over for keeping to those who would care for them for the least money. But while the cost seemed to be greater than under the Poor Farm system now, it was not so well for the paupers. If they were kept cheap they had pretty cheap living. The farm contains 218 acres and is considered one of the best in the county, being composed of rich alluvial bottom-land and some very fertile upland, mostly a level plateau, not hard to cultivate, while the lo- cation is dry and healthy. It has been well attended to, and its crops have generally been good. In the report of the farm prod- uct in 1877, the following crops were harvested with ihe amount of each: Wheat, 305 bushels; corn, 2,000 bushels; sweet potatoes, 25 bushels; beets, S bushels; onions, 18 bushels; lima beans, 12 bushels; hay, 8 tons, and 2,000 cabbage heads. The expenses of the Infirmary for the year were reported at $1,500; outside relief, 81,600; total, 83,100. The inmates in 1878 numbered — males, 37; female?, 20; total, 57. Of these 22 were children. The purchase of this farm was made Dec. 11, 1860, for the sum of $17,000, the Board of Commissioners taking possession April 1, 1870. Aprils, 1S70, a contract was entered into with Isaac Vorys ec Brother for an Infirmary building at the contract price of $14,000. The building was completed and ready for occupancy in the spring of 1871. It is a line three-story brick building with base- ment, 100 x 45 feet, situated on an elevated plain about throe and a half miles southeast of Logan, in the edge of Green Township. The first inmate of the hone was Jane Nixon, who was received April 4, 1871. There are at this time forty-three inmates. Chil- dren of three years and upward are kept at the children's home. The first Directors or Trustees elected wore: W. R. Harden, John F. Brown and John Keller. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 841 SUPERINTENDENTS. 1871, John Stephens, Mr. Duffey; 1S72-'T6, John Clark; 1876- '80, Thos. Rose; 1SS0-'81, James J. Paxton; 1881-'83, John Zavey; 1883, Daniel Nixon. Trustees, 1883, Samuel H. Her, President; John A. Shaw, Clerk, and Noah Poling. FROM THE RETURNS OF 1874. The assessment returns of 1874 give real and personal property and also townships and villages. This will enable us to compare future years and know the progress the county has made and which township exhibited the most enterprise and progress. TOWNSHIPS AND TOWNS. ACRES OF LAND Falls Township. . Burgessville Hamlin Oreville Green Township. Maysville Ward Township. Carbonhill Stan Township. . New Cadiz Washington Township. Point Pleasant 30,321 23,343 23,976 23,388 VAI.UK OP LANDS. 433,680 338,801 361,996 278,875 23,263 265,072 23,498 192,235 281,045 llesboro New Mount Pleasant Benton Township. . . Bloomingville East Bloomingville. . Salt Creek Township ' 86,900 Perry Township | 26.146J 300,876 South Perry Buena Vista Laurelville Laurel Township. . . . Gibisonville Good Hope Township Millville Marion Township. . . L igan Village 23,751 16,331 227,284 130.750 23,547 278 L< igan School District I 1,049 268,537 To'al VAL. OF REAL ESTATE, VAL. OF CHATTEL TOWNS, [PROP TT. VILAG'6 4,392 4,518 5,305! ' *869 13,465' ' 1*922 "l73 1,700 2,823 4,976 2,286 5,327 1,412 7,695 2,308 5,828 378.170 37,810 436,697 263,118 109, 089 195,496 111 ,165 67,479 100,351 133,033 84,181 132,408 155,308 378,502 8,985 TOTAL VALUE. 870,323 4, 3! )2 4,518 5,305 601, !)1 9 369 471,079 13,465 474,371 1,922 376,237 173 1,700 2,823 259,714 4,976 2,286 381,396 433,909 5,327 4,412 7,695 311,471 2,308 263 158 5,828 123,845 756,672 46,795 265,797 3,079,151 480,479|2,1 75,818 5 735,448 INCREASE OF ASSESSMENT IN* 1876. Acres of land, 265,815 f. Value of land, $3,136,029. Value ot town and village lots, $451,415. Value chattel property, S2.100,- 194; assessed total,$5, 687,638. Average taxation, 15 3-10 cents 842 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. on $100 valuation. This was a gain in nine years of $2,056,328, or nearly 58 per cent. This was certainly a handsome gain and showed a substantial progress in every department. Increased mineral development, a larger area in agricultural labor and a de- cided increase in live stocks. Better to show what the increase or decrease may have been during the decade between 1870 and 18S0, the product is given for the three years. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS 1870. Sugar, maple, lbs 1,525 Molasses, sorghum, gals 40,422 " maple, gals 1,037 Indian com, bu 498,660 Oats, bu 108,726 Barley, bu 1,207 Buckwheat, bu 1,187 Tobacco, lbs 82,010 Wool, lbs 130,960 Potatoes, Irish, bu 54,432 " sweet " 2,025 Hay, tons 13,792 Assessed val. real estate $2,280,513 " personal estate. $1,472,370 Total of real and per. estate. .$3,752,883 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS 1875. Orchard products 2,373 Maple sugar, lbs 524 " syrup, gal 766 Sorghum syrup, gal 14,345 Corn, bu 545,194 Oats, bu 27,770 Barley, bu 95 Buckwheat, bu 5,556 Tobacco, lbs 12,900 Wool, lbs 88,331 Potatoes, Irish, bu 72,734 sweet, bu 2,320 Hay, tons 5,978 Ass'd val. real estate $3,569,323 personal " $2,205,676 Total val. real and per. es. ..$5,774,990 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, 1SS0. Orchard Products, bu 152,328 Buckwheat, bu 1,807 Maple sugar, lbs 1,632 Tobacco, lbs 11,556 Maple syrup, gals 1,270 Wool, " 179,531 Sorghum " " 11,750 Corn, bu 439,454 Oats, bu 21,920 Barley, b« 533 Potatoes, Irish, bu 63,067 " sweet, bu 3,418 Hay, tons 10,338 Assessed value real estate. . .$3,780,144 STOCK STATISTICS, HOCKING COUNTY. 1870. Horses 5,101 Cattle • 13,295 Mules 205 Sheep 86,789 Hops 16,389 1875.1 1880. 10,337 196 24,840 11,754 1,635 3,958 9,838 343 40 287 8,198 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 843 VALUATION. The valuation ot stock and grain for assessment purposes was averaged as follows: Horses four years old and upward, $65; three years old, $40 two years old, $25; one year old, $20. Cattle four years old, $25 three years old, $20; two years old, $14; one year old, $7. Cows $20; oxen, yoke, $70; mules, $70; sheep, per head, $2; hogs, per pound, 4 cts; wheat, per bushel, $1.25; corn, per bushel, 30c. wool, per lb., 40c. ; hay, per ton, $7; potatoes, per bushel, 70c. lumber, per hundred feet, $1. ASSESSED VALUATION OF HOCKING COUNTY FOR 1882. TOWNSHIPS. Ward Green Starr Washington Falls Logan City Marion Good Hope Laurel Benton Salt Creek Perry Loean School District. Gore Gibisonville" " Millville REAL ESTATE. $457,757 369,466 311,249 282,655 433,403 491,510 212,758 113,333 159,660 167,851 234,092 375,266 37,493 74,200 27,601 27,712 PERSONAL PROPERTY. $183. 332, 199 94 363 321. 140. 107. 48, 58, 76, 102. 35, 88, 9.9 713 647 201 867 621 419 957 163 404 175 340 180 307 523 992 896 GRAND TOTAL. $641,470 702,113 510.450 377,522 797,024 812,929 353,715 220,496 208,064 226,026 310,432 477,446 72,800 162,723 50,593 50,608 Totals $3,776,006 $2,198,405 $5,974,411 Total tax assessed for 1882 $104,059.68. PRODUCTION OF COAL. Production of coal in 1870, 1,889,000 bushels; 1S75, 1,500,000 bushels; 1878, 5,203,083 bushels; 1880, 4,421,300 bushels. The year 1878 was an unusual one, and the output the greatest between 1870 and 1880; the increase is over 133^ per cent. These figures give the exact advance made in the several productive departments of labor, and while, as before remarked, no extraordinary progress has been made, it has still been steady and progressive, and to an extent that should be at least satisfactory to the people. The greatest snow storm which ever visited Hocking County was that of the night of Jan. 30, 1878. It averaged eighteen inches deep on the level, while in drifts it could be found from four to six feet deep. 844 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The platting of Hocking was done in 1ST9, and the work was performed by Levi Davis, who received 81,200, as per contract. This work materially assisted the appraisers of the county in not only making a correct appraisement but helped to a more speedy performance of their duty. HOCKING COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. This society was organized April 23, 1S53, by the election ot the following officers: President, Robert Wright; Vice-President, James McDowell; Secretary, Manning Stiers; Treasurer, Ghas. W. James; Managers, Dr. E. T. Brown, O. Case. E. Geisy, Isaac Stiers and F.' A. Gibbons. This early evidence of enterprise and co-operati'on among the agricultural citizens of Hocking speaks well for their wisdom and evinces a disposition on their part to be fully up with the times. Although the Legislative act authorizing the establishment of agri cultural societies had been passed in 1S32, they did not begin to be general until about this time. THE FIRST FAIR was held the year of its establishment, at Logan, Oct. IS and 19. The fair-ground was between the river and canal, below the Mul- berry street bridge over the canal, and was then all a sugar or maple grove. This was very different from the fairs of to-day in many respects, but as the following numbers show, the exhibition of live-stock and produce was large, and for that day, probably very good. The entries were as lollows: Class A, including horses and mules, sixty-two animals; the judges on this class were John Van Pierce, of Lancaster; Albert Parker and William H. Dean. Class B (cattle), twenty-four animals; Judges, L. S. Bort, Peter Galligher and J. Van Pierce. Class C (sheep), seven animals; Judges, J. C. P. Moore, of Vinton County, mil Hanson Marlow, Perry County. Class D (swine), ten animals; Judges, William Alexander, James Dew and Jacob Hansel. Class E (poultry), nine animals or birds; Judge, Harvey Moore. Class F (agricultural implements), eight articles; .Judges, YV. Patrick and Joel Gibison. Class G (mechanical products), twenty-five articles; Judges, J. P. Officer, L. Hutchins and N. Dalton. Class H (domestic prod- ucts), forty-seven articles; Judges, William Rippev, Mrs. Dr. Brown, Mrs. James Dewar and Mrs. J. L. Collins. Class I (farm HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 845- products, per acre), five competitors; Judges, Robert D. Smith, Moses Starr and Chas. Pruden. Class J (orchard products), six exhibits; Judge, William H. McClintock. Class K (minerals), three exhibits; Judges, T. Worthington, Daniel Dean and Dr. Brice. Class L (horticultural products), five exhibits; Judges, T. Worthington and Airs. C. Leach. Class M (sweepstakes), ten entries. Class N (miscellaneous products), seventeen entries. There was no racing of any kind at this fair, it being strictly an agricultural exhibition. The awards made by the judges as pre- miums on the entries amounted to §113. On the second day ot the fair an interesting address was delivered by J. A. Brown, Esq. The attendance was good and, everything considered, the fair was considered a great success. A. White was appointed delegate to the State Agricultural Convention. On the following Nov. 10 the Board of Managers purchased a lot of Mr. Jesse Westenhaver for the use of the society, for $S00, the county paying half down and holding the deed in accordance with the provision of the law encouraging agricultural societies. The second fair was held Oct. 5 and f>, at the new fairground. This was an improvement over the first fair, but fell short of expecta- tions owing to the extreme dry weather during the growing season. The address was delivered by Silas II. Wright. The officers fur 1854 were the same as the first, except the substitution of Isaac Stiers in place of McDowell for Vice-President, and one or two changes in the Board of Managers. In 1855 the officers elected were: Manning Stiers, President; Albert Parker, Vice-President; C. W. James, Treasurer; J. H. M. Houston, Secretary; and Isaac Mathias, W. W. Wright, Wilford Stiers, Wm. Galligher and John McClelland, Managers. The fair this year was held on the 11th and 12th of October. At this exhibition was introduced the novelty oflady horsemanship, the result of which proved the most attractive feature of the fair. The committee in reporting recognized the superiority of Miss Meridian, ot Muskingum County, but her residence out- side of the county debarred her from receiving the premium, and it was awarded to Miss Wooley as the best competitor from Hocking County, " for her fearlessness in riding and the skill with which she managed her horse." The second premium was given to Miss Snider. Sickness and other prevailing circumstances had augured poor success for this fair, but, on the contrary, it proved equal to, if not better, than any previously held, the number and variety" of entries outnumbering those of any previous fair. 846 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. The next year (1856) Albert Parker was President and E. F. Mo- Fadden, Secretary. The fourth animal fair was held Oot _ and 8; This year eighty-seven entries were made in Class A, and the other lists were correspondingly large. The awards in premiums this year amounted to $166.62£. The next annual fair was held Oct. 1 and "J, L857. For this year S. H.. Wrightwas President, and W. F. -lames, Secretary of the Board. The fair was not a great Buccess owing to the rain, which continued almost incessantly throughout the two days. Notwith- standing this, however, the attendance was fair and exhibitions go d even for more favorable circumstances. The cash premiums awarded amounted to $202.50. Receipts from sale of tickets, - 5.25. In 1858 the officers were Silas BL. Wright, President, and L. 11. Culver, Secretary. At the fair of this year, held Sept 29 and 30, there were 403 entries ot animals and articles for exhibition. The gate money and receipts tor membership badges amounted $274.90. For the year L859 Manning Stiers was elected President, and L 11. Culver. Secretary. The success of the last tew fairs had been so encouraging that the managers decided this year to extend the fair to three days instead of two. The time was set for the 5th, 6th and 7th of October. A novel feature of this fair was the elec- tion by a general vote on the second day of the fair, according to previous announcement. This election resulted in a tie vote be- tween the two leading candidates for President, each receiving 17'h but subsequent action on the matter gave the Presidency for fho following year to John N. Smith, and L. II. Culver was again elected Secretary. In I860 a general meeting of all the citizens of the county, at the court-house in Logan, was announced for May 5, so that all might have a voice in the making up ot the rules and a premium list for the fair to be held the following autumn. Anions the drawing features of this fair, as arranged on that day, was the otfer of a $80 side saddle, and $30 in gold as a first premium, and $20 in gold as a second for the best exhibition ot lady -emanship. The exhibitions wore to be made on each of the three days of the fair at 3 o'clock, competition to be open to the surrounding counties. No report ot this feature of the fair was recorded. HISTORY 01 HOCKING PALLET. 347 Forthe next year (1861) the officers were elected at the gen< spring election in the separate townships, resulting in th< oi William M . Bowen for President and Darins White fori r« tary. The fair was hold the 2d, 3d and 4th of October. The next annua] election, thai of L862, i i sting Alexander White, President, and .]. M. Floyd, y. The lair- wan mediumly gnccessful, but the unsettled state of the county not favorable to a large gathering. The remaining years of the strife the fair was not held. Many of the best men had entered the service, and the times did not seem auspicious for jollity and amusement, even in tlie mild matter of a fi n a large part of the land in mourning, and Hocking eling,the in the lossofher sons slain upon the field of battle. So the society flagged in its efl until peace had been joyfully proclaimed. The year following the - of the struggle foran independent Southern Confederal taken to more firmly establish the agriculture ation in the hearts of the people by various improvements. The ciety $1 35.16, after paying $450.95 ash premiums. The total At the annual election in the spring oi' 1871, William Alex- ander was elected President of the j in place of William Hi. Bowen, who had held it for the past six year.-,. Ji. L. Wright ; jretary of the hoard of officers. The fair this year was held (Jet. 7, and was fairly successful. 848 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. C. W. Clowe was elected President of the society in the spring of 1872, and H. L. Wright was again chosen Secretary. The fair was held Oct. 3-5. This differed but little in detail from preceding fairs except that perhaps more attention was paid to racing, the pnrse for the fastest horses having been raised. For the next year (1873) C. W . Clowe was re-elected President, . and S. H. Bright, chosen Secretary of the society. For the past ten years the fairs have been simply repetitions ot those of former years, losing perhaps rather than gaining in in- terest. The attendance has been generally fair, but not enough to make any great financial advancement. Fairs were held annually up to 1882 when, owing to lack of interest on the part of the man- agement, no fair was held. The society is, however, still in existence and may take new life under a new and more vigorous manage- ment. Since 1873 C. W. Clowe, S. B. England, S. E. Bay, V. C. Stiers, John Hansen and Maynard Pond have been Presidents, and S. II. Bright, W. H. Baker, W. S. Friesner, J. E. Brown and Benj. White, Secretaries. The ground contains a fraction over seven acres, and three exhibition halls built at various times. A HORRIBLE DEED. There has been no crime for years more devilish in conception, or more sad in its results, than the murder of the Welden family by William V. Terrel on the afternoon of Friday, June 22, L878. A beardless youth only eighteen 3 r ears of age, but old in sin, has given to Hocking County the darkest page of her history — a deed for which the angry demands of justice would require his own life blood and then not be satisfied, while he has gained for him- self an infamous notoriety by carving this bit of history which has placed him among the foremost villains known to any history. l3orn and reared in a sober and industrious family, and surrounded by the influence of an enlightened community, William Terrel voluntarily placed upon his own forehead the brand of Cain and made himself an outcast to the world. The Welden family, consisting of John Welden, aged about fifty-one years, Mrs. Susanna McClurg, his sister, aged about fifty, three, and her daughter, Miss Nancy I Lite, aged about eighteen, lived on a farm not far from tin- village of Gore. William V. Terrel lived with his father's family in the immediate neighborhood, and had been, to all appearances, a friend of the Welden family. No one witnessed the deed but the assassin and his victims, so that the ''whole truth" will probably never be told. The supposition, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 849 however, as evolved by the trial, and the one on which the prisoner was convicted, is that Terrel, on very slight provocation or none at all, accomplished the murder of the family alone. The deed was committed late in the afternoon, but was not discovered until the afternoon of the next day. The body of John Welden was found in a cornfield, the probable scene of his murder, several rods from the house, with bullet holes in his body and wounds made by a corn- cutter. The bodies of the two women were found near the house with unmistakable evidences of having been killed with an ax which was found lying near one of them. Through the efforts of his attorneys Terrel was tried first for the murder of John Welden and was convicted of murder in the second degree, for which he is now serving a life-sentence in the State's prison at Columbus. It is supposed his only provocation for this most heinous crime was the refusal of Mr. Welden to loan him money as he had been in the habit of doing. The circumstance which led to a suspicion of Terrel's guilt was his telling of his own accord the story of the mur- der, but in which he implicated an associate of his as the assassin. PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. This organization, which was once a power in the land, is now, comparatively speaking, no more. There is yet an order called the Patrons of Husbandly, but its power has vanished, either for good or evil, yet while it lasted it was indeed a power that made monopo- lists view it with alarm. The first order established in Hocking County was in the winter of 1871-72. The orders spread, and in the following year they had started two grange stores, one being at Logan -and the other at llesboro. The former was conducted by the Grangers for some six years, and the latter nearly three. These stores did not prove altogether satisfactory. In 1874 and 1875 the granges j were at their full power, and began to wane at the end of the latter year. In the former year there were eight established granges in the county, and a Central, or County Council. The names of the eight were: Star Grange, No. 4; Washington. No. 5; Benton, No. 7; Laurel Creek, No. 76; Marion, No. 3; Eldorado, No. 172; Monday Creek, No. 154, and Logan, No. 3. There may have been others, but if so, have not been reported. The order of the Patrons of Husbandry was an institution ot high merit, and wielded, during its short existence, an immense power for good, and it has been the only organization strono- enough in its way to make corporations tremble at its word and railway kings bow to its behests. 54 850 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. THE HOLLOW POPLAE TREE. One of the curiosities as well as a giant of the forest was the old hollow poplar tree, which once stood at the mouth of the creek by that name. The creek was named after this tree, and had its rise in Ward Township. In early times this tree was known to all travelers between Marietta and Lancaster, and many of them found shelter from storms in its great hollow trunk, or, if belated, found a safe retreat from the night air and rain. Four travelers once slept in its trunk one night, having been caught in a heavy storm, and preferred its hollow trunk and warm and comfortable quarters to traveling in a cold and heavy rain. This monarch of the forest was on the line of the Hocking Canal, and fell before the unrelent- ing ax in the year 1839. OIL W T ELL. There was quite an excitement in Logan in 1865, in the belief that oil, equal in quantity to some of the Pennsylvania oil territory, lav in and about the Hocking Valley. A Pennsylvauian believed that oil could be found for the boring, and was willing to test his faith by his works. A company was formed, and they sunk a well on the Bishop farm just south of Logan and the Hocking River. They struck oil at a depth of between 600 and 700 feet, but not of a sufficient quantity to pay. and they went down to the total depth of 967 feet, when further indications were found that oil was there, bur still in too small a quantity to pay, and the well was aban- doned. The following year. 1866, another well was sunk about one-half mile up the river on Clear Fork, and this also produced Borne oil, but still in small quantity, and the search was abandoned. There is no doubt but there is a large quantity of oil in this section, but it is so far below the surface as to make it unprofitable. There is but one way to reach it and that is (the underground surface be- ing as irregular as that above ground) by constant tests. There are "pockets" with millions of barrels of coal oil, but to strike one would be only by accident. There are valleys underneath Hocking County, and they are tilled with oil, but how to find them is not known. POSTAL nor ns. The first stage line organized which carried the mails was from Lancaster to Athens and Pomeroy, on the Ohio River, a distance of about seventy miles. This route was owned by D. Talmade & Company, and was. when it first started, run tri-weekly. It was HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 851 finally made a daily line, and was purchased by Dr. M. Z. Kreider. It had then run about two years. The latter managed the line until 1852, when it was purchased by Colonel F.F. Bempel, of Logan. He took the entire line from Lancaster to Pomeroy, and finally ex- tended it to Columbus, the capital, running a line of stages daily each way. In 1856, business increasing, two daily stages were put on the line between Logan and Lancaster, and with one daily to Columbus, and one to Pomeroy, the traveling public found no cause to complain, and the mails were promptly delivered. At this time and during the continuance of heavy travel Mr. Rempel had ninety-eight horses on his line, running sometimes three or four extras a day, and keeping ten to twelve drivers in constant employ- ment. His lines all made prompt connection with McArthur, the first stage line opening to that place in July, 1850; also with Cliil- licothe and New Lexington. NORMAL INSTITUTE. The Normal School of Hocking County was first opened June 6, 1868. The first meeting for organization had been held, and the meeting of the teachers at the above date was for the election of officers, and such other business as might be necessary to effect a permanent arrangement. The meeting came to order, with J. M. Murphy in the chair, and J. M. Floyd, Secretary. The election of permanent officers for the coming year resulted as follows: James W. Murphy, President; W. H. Bell, First Vice-President; W. S. Dresbach, Second Vice-President; George Brehm, Third Vice- President; W. W. McCray, Treasurer; II. Bright, James W. Murphy, C. H. Wittner and W. W. McCray, Executive Committee. The name adopted was- the Hocking County Teachers' Associa- tion. The association adopted a constitution and bv-laws. Thev have held meetings every year with lectures by eminent instructors. The annual session of 1882 was held at Logan, July 31, when the following officers were elected: President, S. Cotterman; Vice- Presidents, W. J. Simms, W. E. Friesner and S. Lindsley; Secre- tary, J. P. II. Stedem; Executive Committee, W. W. McCray, W. P. Mathias and A. Brown. The lecturers present at this session were Prof. Williams, Prof. Manly and School Commissioner De Wolfe. Resolution: '• That the Institute now in session instruct the ex-committee to make an effort to hold the next institute on the " Normal Plan," and to continue two or three weeks. CHAPTER XXXI. POLITICAL HISTORY. Governors of Ohio and Hocking County's Vote — County Offi- cials — Commissioners — Other County Officers — The Yote of Hocking County, 1818 to 1882— Population from 1820 to 18S0— Seventh Judicial District — Sub-Districts 1, 2 and 3 — Judges from 1818 to 18S3 — Counties Comprising the Districts and Sub-Divisions — Ten Judicial Districts in the State. The political history of Hocking County is wonderful, even anom- alous, from the fact that since its organization it has stood to its orig- inal faith, strongly and consistently Democratic. She has been rock-ribbed in her faith for over a half century, and she stands as a shining example in the cause of Democracy, in the political history of the State. Her record is so remarkable that it is more fully given for her friends in the faith to emulate, and that those who are opposed can seethe record of a foe who ever fought the fight undismayed. The first vote polled in Hocking County for Governor was in ISIS. Governor E. A. Brown received 96 and James Dun lap 8S votes, the total vote in the county being 184. In the year 1S20 the candidates were Ethan Allen Brown, for re-election, and Jeremiah Morrow, Hocking going on the record with 37 votes for Brown and 137 for Morrow. It is not now possi- ble to ascertain with any degree of certainty to which of the polit- ical parties the above-named persons belonged. Brown was elected and rendered himself famous by taking an active and very efficient interest in the construction of the Ohio Canal. In 1822 there were three candidates for the office of Governor, viz.: Jeremiah Morrow, for whom Hocking cast 45 votes, Allen Trimble, 7, and Wm, W. Irwin, who received 148. Morrow was elected. In 1824, the candidates were J. Morrow and A. Trim- hie, and the vote of Hocking County is reported 154 for Morrow and 144 for Trimble. Morrow was again elected. In 1820 there were four candidates before the people, namely: Allen Trimbl •, John Bigger, Alexander Campbell and Benjamin (852) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 853 Tappan. At this election Hocking cast 22S votes for Trimble, 1 for Bigger and 1 for Campbell. Tappan receiving none. Previous to this time party lines do not appear to have been drawn in this county, and hence no mention is made of party until the contested campaign of 182S, known as the Jackson campaign. At this election Allen Trimble was brought forward for Governor by the Whigs, and John W. Campbell by the Democrats. In Hocking County, Trimble received 1S2 votes and Campbell 157, Trimble being elected. The year 1830 presented two candidates, Duncan McArthur, who received in Hocking County 102 votes, and Robert Lucas, Democrat, 290. In this campaign McArthur was designated as the National Republican candidate and was elected. In 1832 the vote of Hocking County for Governor is not re- ported, but Andrew Jackson, Democrat, received 356 votes, and Henry Clay, AVhig, 199. Robert Lucas, a Democrat, was elected Governor. In 1S34 there were but two candidates for Governor. Robert Lucas being nominated by the Democrats for re-election, received in Hocking County 311 votes, and James Findlay, the AVhig can- didate, 145, the Democratic candidate being again successful in the State. The summer of 1836 brought with it the hottest Presidential campaign which the country had seen. General W. H. Harrison being the candidate of the Whig party, received in Hocking County 292, and Martin V'an Buren, Democrat, 536, Joseph Vance, Whig, being elected Governor. In the year 1838 the candidates for Governor were: Wilson Shanon, Democrat, and Joseph Vance, Whig. The former re- ceived in this county 78-4 votes, and the latter 2S8, the Whig can- didate being elected. In 1840 Thomas Corwin was the nominee of the Whigs, and Wilson Shanon of the Democrats, Hocking giving Shanon 883 votes and Corwin 612, Corwin being successful in the State. Shanon was elected in 1^42, receiving in Hocking 1,026 votes, and Thomas Corwin 455, the Abolitionist candidate. L. King, re- ceiving none. The year 1844 brought forward three candidates with the follow- ing result in Hocking County: Mordecai Bartley. AVhig, 626; David Tod, Democrat, 1,181; L. King, Abolition, live, Bartley being successful. S54 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. There were also three candidates in 1846, David Tod being the Democratic candidate, Wm. Bebb the Whig, and S. Lewis, Abolition. In Hocking County Tod received 1,130, Bebb 623, and Lewis 7 votes. In the State the Whig candidate was suc- cessful. The campaign of 1848 was one of unusual warmth between the Whigs, led by Hon.Seabury Ford, and the Democrats under J. B. Weller. Hocking gave 1,228 Democratic and TOT Whig votes. Ford was elected, his majority in the State 311 in an aggregate vote of 297,943. In 1S50 Ben ben Wood, Democrat, received in Hocking 93li votes, Wm. Johnston, Whig, 612, and Edward Smith, Abolition, 14. Wood was elected. The new Constitution went into effect in March, 1S51, thus va- cating the office of Governor. Reuben Wood was renominated and re-elected by the Democrats. His opposition was S. F. Vinton. Whig, and S. Lewis, Abolition. The vote of Hocking County stood: Wood, 1,209; Vinton, 621; Lewis, 10. In 1853 the candidates were: Wm. Medill, Democrat, who re- ceived 1,326 votes in Hocking; IS". Berrere, Whin-, who had 493 votes, and S. Lewis, Abolition, who received 81. Medill was elected. The Presidential canvass of 1852 and the elections of 1853-'4, had caused the total dissolution of the Whig party, and hence, in 1855, we tind the forces arranged for battle under the following heads and names, Hocking voting for Wm. Medill, Democrat, 1,114: for Allen Trimble, Know-Nothing, S5, and for S. P. Chase, Republican, 927. Chase was elected. The following is Hocking's vote for Governor in 185T: S. P. Chase, Republican, 758; H. B. Payne, Democrat, 1,305, and P. Van Trump, Know-Nothing, 14. S. P. Chase was again elected. In L859 the candidates were: Wm. Dennison, Republican, and Rnfus P. Ranney, Democrat. The vote of Hocking County wa9 returned, 976 for Dennison and 1,397 for Ranney. The former was elected. In 1 S t > 1 the country was agitated over the civil war, and men voted without regard to party lines. David Tod, who had been a warm adherent of the Democratic party and President of the Balti- more convention that nominated Douglas for President in -I860, was nominated for Governor by the Republicans, and Hugh J. Jewett by the Democrats. Hocking's vote stood: For Tod. L,205; forJewett, 1 ,4>7. David Todd elected. HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. . 855 In 1863 the candidates were John Brough, Republican, and C. L. Vallandigham, Democrat. The vote all over the State was the largest that had ever been polled. ELocking gave Vallaridigham 1,U80 votes, and Brough 1,601, being 589 mure votes than had ever before been polled in this county for Governor, ;md was 325 more than was polled at the succeeding Gubernatorial election in 1865. John Brough was elected. The vote of Hocking County in 1865 stood: 1,265 for Jacob I). Cox, Republican, and 1,991 for George W. Morgan, Democrat. Cox was elected. In 1867 the candidates for Governor were R. B. Hayes, Repub- lican, and A. G. Thurman, Democrat. Hockinggave Haves 1,179 and Thurman 2,129. Hayes was elected. In 1869 the Democrats put forward George H. Pendleton against R. B. Haves, the nominee for a second time of the Republicans. In Hocking Hayes received 1,186 votes to Pendleton's 1,873. Hayes was re-elected. In 1871 another new party came into the field. The order of Good Templars, under the party name of Prohibitionists, put tor- ward as their candidate for Governor, Gideon T. Stewart. The Republicans nominated Edward F. Noyes and the Democrats, Gen- eral Geo. W. McCook. The election was a quiet one. Hocking gave Noyes 1,046 votes, McCook 1.715, and Stewart 40. Noyes received a majority in the State. The year 1873 saw political opinion still more divided. In addi- tion to the parties already out, the Republicans were divided into Republicans and Liberals, which put four candidates in the field. Hocking County's vote for the different candidates was as follows: E. F. Noyes, Republican, 867; for William Allen, Democrat, 1,565; for G. T. Stewart, Prohibitionist. 20; for Isaac Collins, Lib- eral, 25. Allen was elected. In 1875 there were three candidate-, viz.: William Allen, Dem- ocrat; R. B. Hayes, Republican, and J. O'Dell, Prohibitionist. The election in Hocking County gave Allen 2,082, Hayes 1,394 and O'Dell 1 vote. Hayes carried the State. In 1877 the champions set forth by the two leading parties were William II. West, Republican, and Richard M. Bishop, Demo- crat. The returns from Hocking showed the total vote for West to be 1,165, and for Bishop, 1,876. The votes cast in the county for various other candidates numbered only 16. Bishop received the election in the State. 856 , HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The next election of Governor, in 1879, brought two new men into the tield, Charles Foster, Republican, and Thomas Ewing, Democrat. Hocking gave to Foster 1,667 votes, and to Ewing 2,371. Ninety-nine votes in the county were scattering. Foster was elected. In 1881 the candidates were Charles Foster, Republican, for re-election, and John W. Bookwalter, Democrat. The vote in Hocking County stood: For Foster, 1,461, and for Bookwalter, 2,125. Two hundred and forty-five votes were cast for the other candidates. Foster was again elected. The election for Governor in 1883 was not held until after the publication of this work. COUNTY OFFICIALS. COMMISSIONERS. The first County Commissioners were appointed by act of or- ganization and took their office on the 25th day of April, 181S. There names were: Dutton Lane, David Johnston and Benj. F- Smith. These held until January, 1819, or as the official year com- menced June 1 it is probable they held to that date. The Commissioners for 1S19 were: Dutton Lane, one year; Jacob Straus, two years; John Ratcliff, three years; 1S20, Benj. Webb, vice Lane; 1821, Peter Kuder, vice Straus; 1822, Wm. H. Davis, vice Webb; 1823, Jno. Ratcliff; 182-1, Jno. A. Peters appointed, Davis resigned. hi October, 1S24, there was an election of Commissioners ap- parently to take a new start. This made the board as follows: 1824, Jno. Ratcliff, one year; Jacob Straus, two 3 r ears; Henry Hostetter, three years; 1825-26-27, Jno. Ratcliff, Henry Hos- tetter, Frederic Bitcher; 1828-29, John Ratcliff, Henry Hostetter, Sand. Fetheroff; 183o-'31, Henry Hostetter, Saml. Fetheroff, Peter Haynes; 1832, Peter Ilaynes, Conrad Brian, Saml. S. Bright; 1833, Peter ilaynes, three years, Conrad Brian, two years, Peter Straus, one year; 1834-'35, Robert McBroom, vice Straus; 1836, Peter Haynes, Conrad Brian, Robt. McBroom; 1837, same, Peter Haynes, resigned, and Jos. A. Green, appointed; 1838, Jacob Ben- nett, Robt. McBroom, Madison Lemon; 1839, Robt. McBroom, Madison Lemon, K. II. Dunkle; 1S43, Daniel D. Davis; 1844; R. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 857 Wright; 1845, Christian Eby, Jr.; 1846, Andrew Curry; 1847, Geo. Heft; 1848, Christian Eby, Jr.; 1849, Thos. Taylor; 1850, John Williams; 1851, C. Eby, Jr.; 1852, James McDowell; 1853, Jno. Williams; 1854, Jno. Crawford; 1S55, J. C. McBroom; 1856, Jno. Williams; 1857, Frederick Shuck; 1858, Theodore Miller ; 1859, John Shaw; 1860, Wm. Armstrong; 1861, Theodore Miller; 1862, Jno: Shaw; 1S63, Wm. Armstrong; 1S64, John S.Martin; 1865, John Shaw; 1S66, John Mason; 1867, John S.Martin; 1868, E. Hamblin; 1869, J. S. Martin, John Mason, E. Hamblin; 1870, John Mason, John A. McClelland, John Williams; 1871, John Mason, J.?A. McClelland, John Nutter; 1872, J. A. McClelland, John Nutter, J. C. McBroom; 1873-77, John Nutter, J. C. Mc- Broom, Joshua Chilcote; 1878, Joshua Cliilcote, J. C. McBroom, Abel Carpenter; 1879, Rufus Karshuer; 1880, Abel Carpenter; 1881, Wm. EL Woodruff; 1882, Rufus Karshner. CLERKS. 1818-'21, Royal Converse; 1822, J. W. Coffinberry; 1823, R. Con- verse; 1824-'31, J. W. Coffinberry; 1832- '36, William Wallace; 1837-'49, C. W. James; 1S50, Homer Wright; 1851-'62, William H.Haines; 1863-'68, John M.Floyd; 1869-'70, John A.Shaw; 1871, John M. Floyd; 1872-'74, William II. Bell; 1S75-'S0, John Hansen; 1881-83, A. M. Courtney. PROBATE JUDGES. (Office established 1851.) 1851-1865, F. Case; 1865-71, George W. Alfred; 1872-78, William T. Acker; 1879-'80, A. Steinman; 1881-'82, William T. Acker; 1883, A. Steinman. AUDITORS. 1820-'27, William Wallace; 1828-'34, Daniel Harsh; lS35-'37, Ellison Martin; 1838-'41, F. Case; 1842-'43; T. Jones; 1844-'53, Alex. White; 1854-'55, D. J. Cline; 1856-'59, A. White; 1860-'62, W. C. Rehren; 1863-'67, William Houston; 186S-'72, -Joel B. Stiers; 1873-76, J. M. Floyd; 1877-'S3, W. N. England. TREASUKKi:>. lS20-'23, G. M.Peters; 1824-'25, John Brown; 1826-'27; Hora- tio Hatch; 1828, Benjamin F. Smith; 1829, A. G. Bright; 1830 -'33, Sumner L. Cushing; 1834-'39, Elijah James; 1S40-'41, F. 858 IUSTi'KY OF HOOKING VALLEY. Mollenhonr; L842 '45, A. W. Beery; 1846-'47, William Nelson; L848-'53, John 1). Lootnis; 1854-'57, Joseph C.Toole; 1858-59, A. J. Smith; l860-'63, E. Hamblin; L864 -'65, D. McCarthy; L866 70, John A. Shaw; ISTl'74, Henry Hansel; 1ST;. '78, J. A. Shaw; L879-'81, N.N. Hamblin; L882-'83, Eli M. West. KECOKDERS. 1:820 '24, J. W. Whipple; 1825-'34, William Wallace; 1S3.W40, C. W. James; 1841-'43, A. White; 1844-'46, Benjamin Eersh; L847, II. 1,. Wright; L 848, Joseph Magee; L849-'54, J. R.Grogan; L855-'57, Lewis Hutchins; 1858, J. W. Donavan; 1859-'61, J. M. Floyd; 186*2-'67, Hiram Acker; L868 '73, John E. Swart; 1874-'79, Benjamin White; 1880-'83, J. Weaver. 1 • UOSECUTING ATTt tRNEYS. L818 '22, Thomas Ewing; 1823, Thomas Ervine; 1824, Thomas Ewing; L825- , 31, Henry Stanberry; I832-'33,M. W. Riedill; L834, Joseph Olds; L835-'37, W. Medill; 1838-'39, Lucius Case; 1840 -'41, E. C. Cusack; L842-'43, Alex. Van Ilamm; L844r-'45, F. Case; 1846-'51, Lemuel F. Drake; 1852-'53, Emanuel Giesy; I v.l '59, II. R. Saunders; L860-'61, Silas II. Wright; l862-'63, [saac Stiers, Jr.; l864-'65, F. Case; 1866-'69, C. E. Boerster; L870 -'75, Somer L. Wright; L876-'79, Alex. Wilson; L880-'83, C. H. Bucrhaus. SHERIFFS. L818 1819. Peter Haynes; L820 '23, Joseph Westenhaver; 1824 '25; Daniel Earsh; 1826 '29, A. G-. Bright; L830-'33, D. C. Riy- ers; L834 '37, Eli Barker; L838-'39, F. Mollenhour; 1840-'41, William Nelson; L842, F. Mollenhour; t843-'46, R. Hesten; 1S47 -'48. M. Moore; IS4'.' '52, R. Besten; LS53-'56,J. M. Floyd; L857 '58, Eenry Barker; L859-'62, W. M. Davey; 1863 -66, W. T. Acker; L867 '70, W. M. Davey; L87J '74, Robert Curran; 1875-'77, A. Steinmar; L878 '80, J. N. Acker; L881 '83, T. F. McOarty. sru\ EYOR. 1875 L883, J. R. Davis. OORON] as. L878 '80. Daniel Beft; L881 '82, Enoch Martin. HISTOB* 01 HOOKING VALLEY. 359 * VOTE 01 HOOKING IKOM L818 TO 1832. VI.AK. L 818 . . 1820.. 1824.. 1826.. 1830.. 1834.. 1836.. TOTAL vol E 187 164 161 337 282 23 268 481 459 711 990 YKAU. 1810.. L842.. 1843.. 1845.. 1847.. 1840.. 1851 - . 1853.. L855 . I Ho? . . 1 859 . . I'H .1. '.'/I B. VI. \li. TOO M. '.'/I E. 1 385 1861 i 383 1863 1,129 1865 1,169 1 w 'm 1 629 L869 3,054 1,575 1871 2,655 1,801 1873 2,310 1875 3,371 1877 3,064 1870 M>38 :; 362 .1,798 .2,120 . ! 902 2 373 *This is the vote for sheriff each year. POPULATION OF HOCKING OOUNTY BY TOWN8HIP8 FEOM L8 1". Population in 1820 2,1 30. " 18:50 4,008. BE MILKS 470. TOWNSHIPS L850. I860. 1870. 1880. Benton Falls Good Hope. Green Laurel M irion Perry Ball Creek. . Starr Ward Washington 1 Jackson and Swan 1 148 469 ,189 336 370 821 022 1,124 L.231 933 2,570 635 1 ,200 1,126 1,746 1,217 1,094 1,045 823 1,640 1,349 3,476 953 1,440 1 682 1,729' 990 1,417 1,070 1,629 i 148 3,760 986 1,513 1,343 1,561 1,74.-, 1,179 1,551 1,305 1,628 5 195 -,070 1,202 1 126 1,995 1,486 1,411 2.272 1,208 9,735 14,110 17,057 17,025 21,12 Jackson, with 47-i. and Swan, with 759, should be added to the above footing of 1840. They were given to Vinton in 1850, and Wardand part of Perry given to Hocking. COMMON PLEAS COUBT. Logan became a seat of justice immediately after the county's organization in 1818. The first court was held in a private house on Main street, as already mentioned. There were no lawyers or judges in Logan at that time, the legal business, what little there was, being left to attorneys who made a practice of traveling from one county .-eat to another to dispose of legal business. The pre- siding judge resided somewhere in his judicial district, which was composed of from three to 8 ix counties, and under the old consti- tution of Ohio, which remained in force up to 1852, three associate 860 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. judges were elected from the county to sit with the presiding judge at the trial of cases. At the first court held in Logan, William Wilson was Presiding Judge, and his associates were Benj. Beadle, Thomas Bullen and Abraham Bitcher. Thomas Rwing was Pros- ecuting; Royal Converse, Clerk; Daniel Harsh, Sheriff, and Joseph Westenhaver, Deputy-Sheriff. The following is a list ot the Judges who have been on the bench at Logan: 181 8-' 19. — Presiding Judge, Win. Wilson; Associate Judges, Benj. Beadle, Thomas Pullen, Abraham Bitcher. 1820. — Presiding Judge, John Thompson; Associate Judges? Benj. Beadle, Thos. Pullen, A. Bitcher. 1821-'23. — Presiding Judge, John Thompson; Associate Judges, Benj. Beadle, Thos. Pullen, G. M. Peters. 1824. — Presiding Judge, Gustavus Swan; Associate Judges, G. M. Peters, Benj. Beadle, Joseph Whipple. lS25-'27. — Presiding Judge, G. Swan; Associate Judges, G. M. Peters, Joseph Whipple, Jacob D. Lutz. 1828. — Presiding Judge, G. Swan; Associate Judges, Jos. Whip- ple, Benj. Beadle, Thomas Pullen. 1829-'30. — Presiding Judge, Frederick Grimke; Associate Judges, Jas. Whipple, Thomas Pullen, B. F. Smith. 1831-'34. — Presiding Judge, F. Grimke; Associate Judges, Jos. Whipple, Thos. Pullen, John Wright. 1835. — Presiding Judge, F. Grimke; Associate Judges, John Wright, Reuben Culver, David Johnson. 1S36-'41. — Presiding Judge, John H.Keith; Associate Judges, Jno. Wright, P. Culver, David Johnson. 1842-'43. — Presiding Judge, J. H. Keith; Associate Judges, Jno. Wright, Eli Barker, James Spencer. 1844-'46. — -"Presiding Judge, J. II. Keith; Associate Judges, Eli Barker, James Spencer, David Johnson. 1847. — Presiding Judge, J. H. Keith; Associate Judges, James Spencer, David Johnson, James Gibson. 184S-'49. — Presiding Judge, J. II. Keith; Associate Judges, James Spencer, David Johnson, Peuben Culver. 185o. — Presiding Judge, Henry 0. Whitman; Associate Judges, R. Culver, Robert Wright, Lewis Hutchins. 1851. — Presiding Judge, II. C. Whitman; Associate Judges, R. Culver, R. Wright, David Dresbach. The new Constitution came in force in the year 1S52, and altered materially the judicial department of the State. Districts were HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 861 changed and sub-districts formed, and each sub-district was pro- vided with a judge or judges, as the extent of its business or popula- tion required. The counties composing the Lower Hocking Val- ley were all placed in the Seventh Judicial District, but that district being divided into three sub-districts, the three counties embraced in this work were each in separate sub-districts. These sub-districts were composed of the following counties: Sub-District No. 1. — Fairfield, Hocking and Perry counties. Sub-District No. 2. — Vinton, Jackson, Pike, Scioto and Law- rence counties. Sub-District No. 3. — Gallia, Athens, Meigs and Washington counties. These twelve counties form the Seventh Judicial District of the State of Ohio, and the sub-districts represent the Common Pleas Districts or Courts. sub-division No. 1. 1852 to 1861, Judge Henry C. Whitman; 1S61 to 1S67, Ph. Van Trump, Lancaster; 1S66 to 1S67, James R. Grogan, Logan; 1867 to 1881, Silas H. Wright, Lancaster; 1879 to 1884, John S. Fries- ner, Logan. The New Constitution, so-called, but of date 1852, divided the State into nine judicial districts. This continued until 1879, when an additional district was added, without, however, changing the sub-divisions of the Seventh, which comprises the counties em- braced in this work. CHAPTER XXXII. WAR HISTORY OF HOCKING COUNTY— THE GLORIOUS RECORD OF THE GALLANT SONS OF HOCKING. They were Born so — Michigan and Ohio Boundary Troubles — Mexican War and Little Hocking — What Ohio Did — The Gallant Seventeenth — A Series of Marches — New Organ- ization — The Slain — The Glorious Thirty-first — Ordered to Travel — The Gallant Dead — The Noble Fifty-eighth — Hot Work — Its Sad Loss — The Sixty-third, Seventy-fifth and the One Hundred and Fiftf-first — The End. The following full, impartial and succinct war history of Hock- ing County is from the pen of Captain William M. Bowen. It is a graphic recital of the patriotism, courage and endurance of Hocking's noble sons, a record that dates almost from her organ- ization, and in every demand of the country for strong hearts and willing hands and deeds of noble daring the sons of Hocking were never found wanting. The record is a noble one. they were born so. The first settlers of the county of Hocking were a fearless, hardy, honorable race of men. Coming from the East and South, the sons of Revolutionary sires and heroes of the War of 1812, they begat a generation brave and ever ready to respond to the call of their common country. Imbued with a patriotism that was even heroic, from the first day the county was organized as such the inhabitants thereof were regarded and proved themselves to be truly patriotic. The tocsin of war never sounded to call a liberty- loving people together but that the response from " Little Hock- ing " was loud, long and hearty. MICHIGAN AND OHIO BOUNDARY WAR. The county, organized as it was in the year 1818, formed from territory ceded by the counties of Ross, Fairfield and Athens, had by the census of L820 a population of 2,130 souls; in 1S30 the population by the Federal census had increased to 4,008, and in (862) ■%~ 1 V • ; .w CH^ir HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 863- 1840 to 9,741. In the year 1832 the Hon. Robert Lucas was elected Governor of Ohio and re-elected in 1834. It was during the administration of Governor Lucas that a dispute between the State of Ohio and the Territorial Government of Michigan arose as regarded the southern boundary of the latter, the Territorial Gov- ernment claiming a meridianal that would run from five to eight miles south of Lake Erie, encroaching on lands of the Connecticut Company, a land grant from the General Government at "Wash- ington. Governor Lucas, in endeavoring to protect citizens of Ohio living north of the disputed line, was defied and the citizens thereof declared outlaws by the Government of Michigan. The rulers of each sovereignty flew to arms, calling for volunteers to defend their respective rights and sustain the dignity of each as guaranteed them by the General Government. At a general muster held in Logan in September, 1835, a call for volunteers was made for the above purpose, and a response came promptly by more than a score of the horny-handed yeomanry shouldering their trusty rifles and declaring their readiness to start instanter; but before hostilities actually commenced agents from the city of Washington arrived on the ground, the dispute was amicably settled and the collected troops sent home. • "LITTLE HOCKING" IN THE MEXICAN WAR. Again in the year 1846 was the patriotism of the county, in common with our State and the Confederation, appealed to. Te.xar-, the Lone Star State, had been annexed to the United States during the administration of President James K. Polk. The Republic of Mexico having never acknowledged the independence of Texas and still claiming it as her territory, advanced troops across the river Rio Grande, who were promptly met by the army of occupation under General Taylor, and the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma were fought before war was formally declared by the United States Government. Both the battles going against the Mexicans they were routed and driven back across the Rio Grande. March 11, 1846, war was declared and 50,000 volunteers, one year men, from the whole United States were called for. " Little Hocking," with a population of scarcely 10,000, sprang to the front with an organized company headed by the veritable General Tom Worthington, of recent war history fame, as Captain, Simeon Tucker, First Lieutenant, and Abram Seifert, Second Lieutenant, numbering in all, rank and file, eighty men, and being assigned to- 864 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry commanded by Colonel Morgan ^since General Morgan), headquarters at Camp Wash- ington, Cincinnati, Ohio. They reported there for duty, taking the position in numbers as Company D. The organization of the regiment took Captain Worthington from the command of Com- pany D and made him Adjutant of the regiment. The company re-organized bj' making Simeon Tucker, Captain; Abram Seifert, First Lieutenant; Woodward, Second Lieutenant, and Wilford Stiers, Orderly. The summer of 1846 the Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry with other troops landed at Brazos de Santiago, and im- mediately pushed forward up the Rio Grande River as far as Ca- margo and there went into camp. From Camarao the regiment was ordered forward toward Monte- rev, a city in Mexico that had a short time previous fallen into the hands of the United States army by assault, and while on the march were completely surrounded by the Mexican army of lanceros under General Parades. The little army immediately formed in hollow square, still marching onward and fighting as they advanced. All day long the battle continued, Colonel Morgan having in the mean- time dispatched a messenger forward for reinforcements. To ward evening cannonading was heard in the distance, approached nearer and nearer, yet whether friend or foe they knew not; the theory seemed to prevail that it was the enemy's battery. They came dashing down and unlimbered again not over 600 yards in front of this regiment of heroes, Company D. '• Captain Seifert," shouted Colonel Morgan, ''prepare your company to lead a charge and take that battery." Immediately the Hocking boys fixed bayonet and and formed for the assault, when an officer with held-glass in hand declared them to be United States and not Mex- ican artilleryists. Tnen a shout went up that made the welkin ring. Orderly Stiers assured us that although determined to do their duty and face the cannon's mouth, yet it was altogether ex- hilarating to tind the supposed enemy our own men. Reinforce- ments having arrived the enemy retired and the little band pressed forward to their destination. The regiment remained in service during the year of enlistment, doing duty at Monterey, Saltillo and Buena Vista, and was mustered out at New Orleans the fol- lowing year. What was left of Company D returned to their homes, but death from disease and the battle had made sad havoc in the ranks, and but few of the hardy, robust sons of our pio- neers hailed with delight once more the hills of Hocking. Of the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 86i> original company but four are now living, to-wit: General Tom Worthington, Captain Wilford Stiers, Grafton Ecklnrt and S.im- nel Stivison. WHAT OHIO DID. During the war of the Rebellion the Stat j of Ohio furnished 230 regiments of soldiers, besides twenty-six independent batteries of artillery, five or six independent companies of cavalry, several compa- nies of sharp-shooters, a good portion of five regiments credited to Virginia, two credited to Kentucky, two transferred to the United States colored troop?, innumerable squirrel-hunters and thousands of emergency men. Hocking County, as one of the smaller of the eighty-eight complete county organizations of this great State, re- sponded to the respective calls of the General Government promptly. and during the continuance of this unpleasantness furnished the following companies, parts of companies and detachments. The second call of the President on Ohio for twenty-three regiments found two companies of volunteers in camp on> the fair grounds near Lancaster, in the adjoining county of Fairfield; they at once formed the nucleus of the Seventeenth Regimmt, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for the three months' service. In a very short time a company of ninety-one men, rank and file, under command of Cap- tain Charles A. Barker, arrived from Hocking County, officered as follows: Captain, Charles A. Barker; First Lieutenant, Samuel II. Baker; Second Lieutenant, Charles II. Rippey; Orderly, Charles L. Jennings; Sergeants, Daniel Nunemaker, David Angle and Jo- seph Fox. THE MARCHES OF THE GALLANT SEVENTEENTH REGIMENT. The regiment being promptly filled an organization was effected by electing the following field officers: Colonel, John M. Connell; Lieutenant-Colonel, Francis B. Pond; Major, Clement F. Steel; Surgeon, John G. S. Kile; Assistant Surgeon, T. G. Cleveland. In ranking, the company from Hocking was called Company D. On the 20th of April, 1861, the regiment took the cars at Zanesville for Bellaire, and arriving, found at Benwood, on the Ohio opposite Bellaire, a large fleet of boats waiting to receive troops. On the twenty-third, all the troops and baggage being aboard, the fleet steamed down the river to Marietta, stopped over Sunday and on Monday started for Parkersburg, and in a few hours were on Virginia soil. TheSaventeenth was brigaded with the Ninth 55 866" HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and Tenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, General W. S. Rosecrans com- manding the brigade. Its first duty was to guard trains to Clarks- burg, Ya., and return. Companies A and B were detailed as guard to' General McClellan. It soon becoming evident that the hills of Jackson County, Va., were full of guerrilla?, carrying on their ne- farious warfare. Company D, Captain Barker, and Company F, Cap- tain Stinchecomb, proceeded down to Ripley Landing, and across the country to Ripley, the county seat of Jackson County, with or- ders to operate against the aforesaid guerrillas wherever found in that locality. The two "Wises, father and son, were then command- ing Confederate troops in that section of the State, and had given out how they would "annihilate the Yankees on sight," but, sig- nally failing in their precarious undertaking, retired from that vicinity. A part of the Seventeenth Regiment remained at Ravens- wood and did garrison duty until the 10th of July, when they were ordered to join their regiment at Buckhannon, Upshur Co., Va. On the 14th of July five companies, under command of Colonel Connell, marched from Petroleum, via Glenwood, at which place they were, on the 4tli day of July, surrounded by about 1,500 rebels, but beat them back until reinforcements arrived under command of the late General Lytic. The regiment, after consolidating at Buckhannon, partook, with other troops, in occupying and fortifying Sutton. On the 3d of August, the regiment, having then overserved their time, started home, arriving on the 13th day of August in Zanesville, O., and were mustered out on the 15th. NEW, ORGANIZATION. The officers of the regiment immediately set to work to reorgan- ize the Seventeenth for the three years' service, and in September, 1861, we find the regiment as reorganized, in Camp Dennison, near ■Cincinnati, O., still with one company (Company D), from Hock- ing County, under the following organization: Captain, Charles II. Rippey; First Lieutenant, Gilrath M. Webb; Second Lieutenant, Henry C. Dewar; Orderly, .Joseph W. Fox; Sergeants. Win. H. Baker, Isaac Coakley, Francis A. Sanderson, Jonathan Sterling; eight corp >rals and eighty-seven privates. The regimental organiza- tion was: Colonel, John M. Connell; Lieutenant-Colonel, Marshall F. Moore; Major,Duibin Ward; Surgeon, Washington L. Schenck; Assistant Surgeon, E. Sinnett. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 867 A SERIES OF MARCHES. In October, 1861, the regiment under orders reported at Camp Dick Robinson, Garrard County, Ky., for duty. From there it moved to Wild Cat, where, with Colonel Garrard of the First Ken- tucky, they whipped the rebels after a severe fight, the Seven- teenth having seven men wounded. The regiment was then brig- aded with the Thirty-first and Thirty-eighth Ohio, General Albin Schoepf commanding. The regiment participated in the battle of Mill Springs on the 19th of January, 1862, where the rebel Gen- eral Zollicoffer was killed, and the rebel army put to rout; was one of the first regiments .to enter the enemy's fortifications next day, the enemy badly demoralized having evacuated the works' during the night, leaving twelve cannons and caissons, with horses harnessed and hitched up, 1,500 horses corraled along the bank of the Cumberland River, a number of large siege guns, thousands of shot-guns, bowie knives, military stores, Quartermaster's stores, etc., etc., behind. From here the regiment marched to Louisville, Ky., and took boat for Nashville, Tenn., arriving there on the 3d day of March, 1S62; thence across the country to Shiloh with the grand army, commanded by General Buell, but did not arrive in time to participate in the "Pittsburg Landing" fight, but took a hand in the siege of Corinth; marched to Boonville, Miss.; to Tus- cumbia, Ala. ; from this place marched with General Buell's army back to Louisville, Ky., and was at the battle of Perry ville. From Danville and Lebanon the army commenced its backward march, and the Seventeenth participated in the battle of Stone River. On the night of the 29th of December, their brigade marched from Xo- linsville to the Murfreesboro Pike, had a skirmish with Wheeler's Cavalry at LaYergne, recaptured all the mules Wheeler had taken from our train, and saved some 200 wagons from being burned. The regiment with its brigade went into battle line on the Stone River field at one o'clock, Dec. 31, charged the rebel General Hanson's brigade, drove them in confusion, killing their General, and some 150, rank and file; the loss of the Seventeenth Regiment was twenty wounded. In July, 1863, at Hoover's Gap, the Sev- enteenth, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Durbins Ward, in connection with the Thirty -first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, charged the Seventeenth Tennessee rebel regiment, and a rebel brigade, strongly posted in a belt of woods, although the Seven- teenth being exposed in making a charge to a flanking fire from - • - HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. a rebel brigade and battery, yet the troops pushed steadily on, drove the Seventeenth Tennessee and occupied their position. The charge was executed with such coolness as to draw the particular attention of General Thomas. At the battle of Chickamauga the regiment was on the extreme right of the center, attached to the corps commanded by General Thomas. When General Wood's division was withdrawn from the line, the Seventeenth was exposed to a galling fire from front and right flank, causing it to lose heav- ily and fall back; some 300 yards from where they had been driven they halted, gave three cheers, sounded the rally fur the Seven- teenth Ohio, gathered some 20 • men together, and charged back on the enemy, but to little purpose, as the rebels outnumbered them ten to one. Falling back again, now numbering but about 100 strong to a given point, they there remained and fought through that memorable day. Ttie loss of the Seventeenth in this battle, killed, wounded and missing, was over 200. This was the severest engagement the regiment ever participated in. Lieuten- ant-Colonel Ward, commanding, fell ab >ut the middle of the fore- noon badly wounded. During the siege of Chattanooga, the Seventeenth engaged in several severe skirmishes, and at Brown's Ferry was. along with its brigade, honorably mentioned. At Mission Ridge it charged, capt- ured a rebel battery, and turned the guns on the retreating- enemy. On the 22d of January, 1864, having veteranized, the regiment started home on thirty days' furlough. On the 7th of March it returned to the field, bringing with them some 400 re- cruits, the regiment then soon started on the Atlanta campaign. They took part in heavy skirmishing at Pocky Face Ridge, and bore its full share of the battle of Resaca, its losses being quite heavy. Skirmishing partaking o\' the nature of battles continued almost daily. At New Hope, Pumpkin Vine Creek and various other prices, the Seventeenth was actively engaged. At Kennesaw Mountain the regiment Buffered greatly from heat, many men being carried off the field from sun-s f roke. They were engaged at the battle of Peach Tree Creek, July 20, L864, moving with General Jeff C. Davis's corps to the rear of Atlanta; the Seventeenth was among the claimants as having first struck the railroad, and on the next day was in at the assault on Jonesboro. The Seventeenth fol- lowed Sherman "down to the sea" through the Carolinas; took part in the battle of Bentonville, passed in review before the Presi- dent at Washington, and was mustered out at Louisville, Ky., in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 869 July, 1865. The Seventeeth was in service almost from the begin- ning of the war, and Company D from [the Hocking Hills kept recruited up, and followed the fortunes of war under its gallant com- manders. The records of wounded that convalesced not being on file in the archives of the State, we can give but those that were killed, and died during the war. THE RECORD OF THE SLAIN. The following are the killed and those that died from wounds and disease of Company D, the Hocking County company of the Seventeenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as recorded: Samuel R. Tilton, Corporal, killed, Chickamauga; Amos Rich- ards, private, killed, Chickamauga; John Red, private, killed, Mis- sion Ridge; Elias V. Ramey, private, killed July 9, 1861, near Chattanooga; Francis W. Sanderson, Sergeant, killed July 9, 1861:, near Chattanooga. DIED. Jacob George, February, 1862, 'disease; Washington Lehman, May 4, 1862, disease; Marvel Mills, Feb. 24, 1S62, disease; Peter Frick, Oct. 19, 1863, wounds; Littlejohn Westlake, July 4. 1864, dis- ease, Chattanooga; Levi Burgoon, April 10, 1864, disease. Ringgold, Ga.; John Call, June 1, 1864, wounds, Big Shanty; Peter Kepler, March 1*, 1864, disease, Chattanooga; ElishaE. Standiford, Aug. 9, 1864, wounds. THE GLORIOUS RECORD OF THE THIRTY-FIRST REGIMENT. July 21, 1861, the Union and rebel forces met on the battle-field for the first time and communities north of Mason and Dixson's line were startled next day to hear clicking over the wires the ac- count of a disastrous defeat, assuming the proportions of a shame- ful rout of the Union forces. Then followed, July 22, 1861 the President's call for 500,000 three-years' volunteers, and in two weeks' time Hocking County responded to the call; 113 men inarched into Camp Chase the first week in August from this county under command of Captain W. M. Bowen, and on the 9th day of August. 1861, a maximum company, 103 men rank and rile, were mustered in the United States service for three years and assigned^ as Company B to the Thirty-first Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, the company organization being: 870 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Captain, Wm. M. Bowen; First Lieutenant, John L. Williams; Second Lieutenant, James K. Rochester; Orderly, Albert M. A.p- lin; Sergeant?, Jonathan A. Gibbons, Samuel Feighley, Wesley S. Tucker, John J. Martin, eight corporals and eighty- seven pri- vates. REGIMENTAL ORGANIZATION. Colonel, Moses B. Walker; Lieutenant-Colonel, Cyrus Grant; Major, Samuel L. Lefringwell; Surgeon, John R. Arter; Assist- ant-Surgeon, J. L. Mount; Chaplain, L. F. Drake. ORDERED TO TRAVEL. The Thirty-first Regiment received marching orders Sept. 27, 1861, and reported to Brigadier-General O. M. Mitchell, at Cin- cinnati, Ohio, Companies A and B having been detached some time previous for extra duty at Gallipolis and up the Ka- nawha Valley, joined the regiment at Cincinnati. Leaving Cincin- nati the regiment crossed over the Ohio River into Kentucky, passing through Kenton, Pendleton, Harrison, Bourbon, Fayette and Jessamine counties, arriving at Camp Dick Robinson, Garrard County, Oct. 2, 1861. Here a regular course of company and regi- mental drill began, which rendered the regiment so efficient in after service. Dec. 12, 1861, the regiment moved to Somerset, Kv.. partook in several reconnoisances, and on the 19th day of January, 1862, it marched to the assistance of General Thomas at the battle of Mill Springs. After the battle the regiment was as- signed to the First Brigade, First Division, Army of the Ohio. The regiment, with Hewitt's Kentucky Battery, was ordered to pursue the retreating rebels. They crossed the Cumberland River on flat boats at Waitsboro, Pulaski Cj., Kv., passed up the Cumberland River Hills, a day's march, and were then ordered back, the campaign plans having been changed. They then took up their line of march through Kentucky by way of Danville and Lebanon to Louisville; there they embarked on the steamer Mag- nolia for Nashville, Tenn. The regiment with Bnell's army, marched across Tennessee fur Pittsburg Landing, but did not ar- rive in time to participate in the battle of Skiloh. From thence it advanced with the army toward Corinth, and during the march engaged in frequently skirmishing with the rebels, ami in the siege was engaged at times quite warmly. On June 22, L862, the troops marched toward Iuka. had eing organized in that vicinity. From Tuscumbia the regiment marched to Euntsville, Ala., by way of Decatur, i the river on a small ferry boat, con- structed, manned and run by the men of Company K. The Thirty-first Regiment was noted for the number of mechanics _r in their ranks, at all times being ableto perform any kind of dnt? that might »n them. A detachment of twenty-eight men having been left at Trinity on guard duty, in- formation was received here that they had been attacked by a rebel force of two or three hundred rebels. The rebels were repulsed, but one half of the detachment were killed or wounded. TJ.' s Dt moved with the army to Dechard, Tenn., thei.ee with Buell's army in the campai*£ . inst Bragg in Kentucky, marching through Murfreesboro and Nashville to Louisville. The regiment was actively engaged at the battle of Ferryville, and after the fight moved with the army south again to Tenne-- Word corning that the rebels were pillaging the train at LaVergne, the Thirty -first, with two other regiments, marched rapidly back, engaged the enemy and drove them off, killing, wounding and capturing quite a number of them. At the battle of Stone River the regiment was actively engaged and acquitted itself nobly, in theHoover'e Gap fight, in connection with the Seventeenth Ohio, they carried a position defended by two rebel brigades; again at the battle of Chickamauga the noble old Thirty-fir.- 1 was in both days, suffered severely, and covered itself with additional glory. Its next s - ment was Brown's Ferry, then Mission Ridge, where the- Thirty-first was among the foremost regiments to plant the flag of victory over the enemy's work-, and where the gallant Lieutenant James K. Rochester fell. About this time the : _ ment veteranized, receiving a furlough for thirty days. When they returned to the field they took with them 374 new recruits, in- -'ng the regiment's effeel ength to over 800 men. The army then marched on the Atlanta campaign. On the 14th day ■if Mav. 1864, the regiment engaged in an assault on the ener - in front of Resaca, and suffered terribly; it was in all the en- gagements of the campaign except the battle of Jonesboro. The Thirty. first moved with Sherman's army " down to the sea," leaving Atlanta, Nov. 10; it passed through Decatar and Monti- cello to Milledgeville, Ga.. where they destroyed an arsenal with S72 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. -a considerable amount of arms and ammunition ; pushing on they readied Savannah on the 12th day of December, 1S64. On the 20th day of February, 1865, with the army, the Thirty-first moved on the campaign of the Carolinas, thence on to Washington City, participating in the grand review. The regiment was then trans- ferred to Louisville, Ky., and mustered out July 20, 1S65. THE GALLANT DEAD. The Thirty-first Ohio held an honorable position from its first start in the noted corps, General Thomas's Fourteenth, and was never driven from the field, only retired when ordered and then righting if necessary. The following is a list of the killed in battle and those dying during the war of Company B: Captain James A. Cahill (third Captain), June 23, 1S64, at Ken- nesaw Mountain; First Lieutenant James K. Rochester, Nov. 25, 1863, at Mission Ridge; Sergeant Daniel H. Woodard, Private Wm. H. Smock, Private John L. Snider, Sept. 21, 1863, at Chick- amauga; Private Gotleib F. Dishley, Nov. 24, 1864, at Milledge- ville, Ga. ; Private John F. Knapp, Sept. 21, 1863, at Chickamauga. DIED. Thomas Barnes, Andertonville Prison ; Lorenzo D. Skiver, Oc- tober, Chickamauga, wounds; Jacob Cookley, Oct. 12, 1862, Nashville, Tenn. ; George W. Davis, Jan. 3, 1862, Henry S. Hutch- ins, Feb. 11, 1862, Somerset, Ky.; James Ha mm on, Oct. S, 1S62, Nashville, Tenn.; Stephen A. Kennard, unknown ; William Leg- get, unknown, Missi^ippi; Samuel D. Mills, March 1-1, 1S62, Lebanon, Ky.; George Martindale, Lebanon, Ky. ; Hickman Nutter, Lebanon, Ky.; James Root, Logan, O. ; Robert Saun- derson, Dec. 15, 1861, Camp Dick Robinson; Nicholas Sharshall, elate unknown; Wm. .11. McBroom, Aug. 8, 1864, wounds; George Call, July 30, 1864, Kingston, Ga. ; Henry J. lledrick, April 6, 1864, Nashville, Tenn.; Robert Oldfield, April 6, 1864, Tullahoraa ; Nathan S. Payne, Aug. 19, 1864, Lookout Mount- ain, wounds; Wm. B. Rouse, July 17. L864, Nashville, Tenn., wounds; Andrew J. Shell, Sept. 4,- 1 V, '>1. Nashville, Tenn.; Jona- than Smith, Ju'y 4, l^ti.'>. Division Hospital; James T. Nelson, July 12, L865, Nashville, Tenn. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY". 873 THE GRAND OLD FIFTY EIGHTH REGIMENT. As the struggle between the Union forces and rebels continued there were camps of instruction established, recruiting head- quarters everywhere, the sound of bugle and tap of drum were to be heard at all hours. More troops still wanted, was the cry, and once more Hocking County responded by sending Companies F, II and K to the front in the Fifty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry organization, January, 1862. Company F. — Captain, John Bunz; First Lieutenant, Wilford Stiers; Second Lieutenant, Frederick Tcnsher; Orderly, Samuel Kepler; Sergeants, Thomas Taylor, Peter Leonard, Henry Har- mony, Jacub Wooly; eight Corporals and seventy three privates, in all eighty-nine men, rank and file. Company II — Captain, Ezra P. Jackson ; First Lieutenant, Chris- topher Kinser ; Second Lieutenant, William II. IIuls; Orderly. Thaddeus II. Ream; Sergeants, Elias L. Doddson, John Hanson, Oliver Coonrod, George Barclay; eight Corporals and seventy - five privates, in all ninety one men, rank and file. Company K. — Captain, Charles A. Barker; First Lieutenant, Wm. S. Friesner; Second Lieutenant, Leander E. Hodge; Orderly, Daniel Nunemaker ; Sergeants, Emile E. Parrish, Benoni B. Sloper, David Hamilton, William Nail ; eight Ci rporals and seventy privates, in all eighty-six men, rank and file. The regimental organization was as follows: Colonel, Yal. Bausenwein; Lieutenant-Colonel, Ferdinand F. Rempel; Major, Peter Dister; Surgeon, Rainer Shallern; Assistant Surgeon, Eugene Ringler. ITS BAPTISM OF FIRE. Who has not heard of the gallant Fifty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry that received its baptism of lire' on the hotly contested field in front of Fort Donelson, Tenn.? The Fifty-eighth was placed under orders and reported for duty at Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb. 11, 1802, and embarking on the steam- ers Tigress and Dictator the regiment left the same day for Fort Donelson, arriving there on the morning of the 13th of February, 1862. Disembarking and taking a hasty meal the regiment was formed and pushed forward, impelled by the sounds of the conflict reverberating through the woods. Taking a circuitous route, in or- der to get in proper position, the regiment traveled twelve miles 874 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. over rough hills and unmade reads, and went in camp late in the evening in sight of the fort. The regiment was here assigned to Thayer's brigade; of General Lew Wallace's division. The next morning the men were awakened from their slumbers to find everything covered with snow, yet nothing deterred them; imme- diately after partaking of a hasty breakfast they formed in line of battle ready for the fray. We can do no better right here than to give " Reid's" description, as is found in his history of " Ohio in the War," of their advance movement: "The Colonel (V. Bansenwein) being ill, the second officer, Lieutenant-Colonel Ferd. Rempel took command. This officer led the regiment at once toward the enem}\ After moving a short distance a furious attack was made by the enemy, but the shock was met with coolness, and ended in the rebels being hurled back into their intrenchments. This ended the active work of the day, although the regiment remained in line of battle until late in the evening, when it returned to camp. Early in the morning of the 16th the regiment was marched to the center of the line where it remained until the announcement of the surrender of the fort. The Fifty-eighth was immediately marched into the fort, and Lieute'nant- Colonel Rem pel, with his own hands, hauled down the first rebel flag the members of the regiment had ever gazed upon." SOME MORE HOT WORK. The regiment left Fort Donelson March 7, and went into camp at Crump's Landing, on the Tennessee River. The regiment par- ticipated in the fight at Pittsburg Landing, and was under fire until four o'clock, p. m., April 7, 1S62. Its losses in this battle were nine killed and forty-three wounded. From here the regiment with the army moved on toward Corinth, took part in the siege; from here thev weir ordered to Memphis, Tenn., thence to Hel- ena, Ark. During the stay of the regiment at this point it engaged in several reconnoisances down the Mississippi on trans- ports, in one ol' these capturing a rebel steamer, 5,000 stand of arms and two pieces of artillery; also met and defeated the Thirty-first Louisiana Regiment, capturing forty of their num- ber and all their camp equipage. From Helena they went up the Yazoo on steamers, acting as sharp-shooters. At Haines's Bluff, Aug. L'ti, thev captured three heavy siege guns, two brass field pieces, one thirty-pound Parrott gun, and a large amount ot' ord- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 875 nance stores. They skirmished with the enemy at Greenville, Miss., fought them at Bolivar Landing and again returned to Helena on the 27th day of August. From Helena, Oct. 6, the regiment embarked for St. Genevieve, Mo. ; arriving there they marched to Pilot Knob, but returned to St. Genevieve in November, and embarked for Camp Steel, State of Mississippi; thence in December to Johnston's Landing, Yazoo River. Dec. 27 the regiment took part in a heavy skirmish, losing several men, and on the next day they were ordered to charge the enemy's works, the Fifty-eighth being the first regiment in the works. Not being able to hold what the} r had so nobly gained the troops were ordered to fall back, which was done. The regiment lost heavily both in officers and men in this fight. In January, 1803, the regiment embarked on transports for Arkansas Post, where it arrived Jan. 9, and took part in the capture of the place; from thence to Young's Point, La., and there into camp. The Fifty- eighth at this time received orders to serve as marines on board the iron-clads of the Mississippi flotilla, and was distrib- uted by companies to the different steamers. On the 16th of April the ironclads and transports ran the gaunt- let of the Vicksburg batteries, losing but one man belonging to the Fifty-eighth. On the 29th of April the battle of Grand Gulf was fought, the Fifty-eighth participating and losing heavily. In Sep- tember the Fifty-eighth was ordered to join the land forces at Vicksburg. The regiment remained at Vicksburg until Dec. 24, 1864, when it was ordered to report at Columbus, Ohio, for dis- charge and muster out. ITS WORK AND ITS TERRIBLE LOSS. The Fifty-eighth Regiment saw work from the day they were ordered to the front, passed through almost all kinds of disaster and hardships that at this day would appall the strongest heart, yet they faltered not, but always did their duty as true soldiers and patriots. The following is the list of the killed and those that died during the war in Companys F, II and K, Hocking County soldiers. COMPANY F KILLED. John W. Coffin, private; Joseph "Wiseiver, private, Dec. 29, 1862, Chickasaw Bayou; Henry llarning, Sergeant, Henry Bashen, Sergeant. Jacob Wooly, Sergeant, Riley. Suttels, private, April 29, 1SG3, Grand Gulf. 876 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. DIED. Sergeant Samuel Kepler, April, 1862, near Sliiloh, wounds; Private Kennedy Linn, June 22, 1S62, Logan, Ohio, disease; Private Jacob Burgoon, Dee. IT, L863,Vicksburg, disease; William Chapman, April 13, L862, Crump's Landing, disease; Private Jor- den Conn, Sept. 6, L862, disease, Private Michael Conkle, Nov. 22, L862, disease, St. Louis, Mo.; Private Amos Coakley, Oct. 2, L862, disease, Vicksburg; Private George Oupp, Deo. 8, L862, disease, St. Louis; Private Thomas Dillon, July 30, 1862, disease, Logan, 0.; Private Samuel Cbehire, June i.">, 1862, disease, Union Station, Tenn.; Private Elijah Grimes, April 26, L862, wounds, William Krentz, May 21, L862, wounds. Pittsburg Landing; Henry Kulp, Nov. 24, L862, disease, William Kitchen, Nov. 19, 1862, disease, Abraham Lindsey, April 1, L862, disease. St. Louis, Mo.; Alex McDonald, Feb. 22, 1863, disease, Steamer Red Hover; Robert Redman, Oct. 28, 1862, disease, Logan, 0.; John Statger, Aug. 12, 1803, disease, Vicksburg; James Tay- lor, May 11, L862, disease, Camp Dennison; George Taylor, July 3, 1862, disease, Logan, O. ; Thomas Whitcraft, April 2, 1862, disease; Isaac Whitcraft, Nov. 25, L862, disease, St. Louis, Mo.; Luman Warner, May 5, 1862, wounds, Pittsburg Landing. COMPANY H — KILLED. Captain Christopher Kinser, Sergeant Elias L. Dodd, Corporal Amos 1,. Borden, Private George W. Mos?, Private Samuel Sleiner, Dec. 29, L862, Fort Morgan; Private Absalom Leffler, Gottleib Stinger. William Stringer, April 29, 1863, Grand Gulf; John Mowry, Christ Kinser, Jr., .John Elawken, blew up with Steamer Sultana. DIED. George A.grier, Feb. 13, L863, disease, Paducah, Ky.; Robert Burgoon, no record. L863, disease, home, Ohio; Joseph A. Fartig, April 29, l s ' ;: >. wounds, Grand Gulf; Daniel A. Gordon. Novem- ber, L862, disease, St. Louis; Joseph Geiser, May 3, 1 362, disease, Shiloh; Charles Eansen, Dec. 29, 1863, wounds. Fort Morgan; Samuel Klinger, July 21. L862, disease, Rferaphis; John Kregg. no record, L862, disease, Sugar Grove, 0.; Isaiah F. Norris, July HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 877 7, 1862, disease, Monterey, Tenn.; John II. Peterson, Nov. lO, Mil, disease, Vicksburg; Asa E. Scoville, — ■ — , L862, disease, hospital; Charles Strocke, June 12, 1862, disease, Memphis; Thomas B. Smith, Feb. 20, 1864, disease, William Seibert, Aug. 27, 1864, disease, Vicksburg; Joseph White, April 1*;. 1862, wounds, Jeremiah Westenburger, May 12, 1862, wounds, Shiloh; Win. J. Wo >den, May 5, 1863, disease, St. Louis. COMPANY K — KM..'. 1. 1). Private Leonard I3ond, April 7, L862, Pittsburg Landing. I UK I). Sergeant David Hamilton, .May 13, 18G2, Corporal Joseph W. Parish, April 9, 18G2, Private Abraham II. Shirk, May 4, 1862, Private Baltzler Zeigler, Aug. 22,1862, Abram Lecrone, Aug. 23, L862, disease, noplace named; Samuel Brown, June 1*',, L862, dis- ease, Bolivar; Private John S. Bryan, May9, L862, disease, Pittsburg Landing; Private Bennoni Blosser, Dec.16,1 864, disease, Yicksbnrg; Private Isaac Cane, Oct. 20, 1802, Private Jacob Cofflan, Oct. I l L862, disease, St. Louis; Private John Gilpin, Feb. 2, 1863, wounds, Memphis; Private Fred Helber, May 21, L862, disease, Pittsburg Landing; Private Caleb F.dleisen, March 16, 1863, disease, U. S. gunboat; Private Robert A. Jones. March 22, disease, Fvansville; Private Jacob McFadden, May L0, L864, disease, Vicksburg; Private Frank Red, Oct. 24, 1862, disease, St. Louis; Private Aaron Roby, Feb. L0, L863, disease, Eelena; Private.G.W. Sanderson, April 26, L862, disease, Pittsburg Landing; Private John L. Sliultz, no date, disease, home; Private David Stroble, Oct. 23, L862, disease, St. Louis; Private William Stallen, no report of date or place; Private Fred Stallen. May 13, 1863, disease, Memphis; Private John Woltz, Oct. 26, 1802, disease, St. Louis. TKK BEAVE SIXTT-THIED REGIMENT. The consolidation of two battalions formed the Sixty-third Regi- iiicnt Ohio, Volunteer Infantry, in which was one company from Hocking County, Company II, and was'officered as follows: Captain, Oscar L. Jackson ; First Lieutenant, Francis A. Gibbons; Second Lieutenant, William Picket; Orderly, Joseph Ohaney; Sergeants, Joseph S. Fling, Samuel S. Price, Robert Terry, John A. Stephen- son; eight Corporals and seventy-seven privates. The regimental organization was as follows: Colonel, John W, Sprague; Lieutenant-Colonel, Chas.E. Brown; Major, Alex.Haskins; Surgeon, Isaa; L. Crane; Assistant Surgeon, Arthur B. Monohan; 878 HI8T0BY OF BOOKING \ Al.u:\ . Chaplain. Benjamin St. James Fry; ninety-three menj rank and file. The history of the Sixty-third Ohio Volunteer infantry is but a repetition o\ heroisms, bravery, and battles. The regiment moved from Marietta. Feb. I s . L862, and reported at Paducah, Ky.; thence to New Madrid, via Commerce, Mo., and reported to Major-General John Pope, and took part in the recon- noisance March 3, being brought under fire for the first time. At New Madrid they were brigaded with the Twenty-seventh, Thirty-ninth and Forty-third Ohio regiments, under command of Brigadier-General David 8. Stanley, and was known as the Ohio Brigade. The Sixty-third partook in all the movements resulting in the surrender of Island No. 10; afterward joined Halleck's forces at Hamburg, Tenn. ; was in the siege of Corinth, and the engagement at Farmington, sustaining severe loss; was in the re- serves at the battle o( luka, and engaged in the battle of Corinth, again losing heavily. The regiment left Corinth and joined Grant in Mississippi, near Grand Junction, thence marched to Oxford, to Jackson, Tenn., and at Parker's Cross Roads engaged in battle; repulsed the enemy and returned to Corinth, dan. !», 1st;::, going into winter quarters. In May it marched to Memphis, and did garrison duty with the brigade. From Memphis it marched to Eastport on to Elk River. The regiment veteranized in January, 1864, and returned North on a thirty days' furlough. Recruited, returned South and reported to General Dodge at Decatur Junction, Ala.; marched from Decatur via Huntsville to Woodville; thence to Chattanooga; thence through Rossville across Mission Ridge and Chickamauga Creek to Snake Creek Gap; took part in the battle of Resaca, after- ward at Dallas, losing heavily again, and thence to Jonesboro, participating in the engagement at that place. The regiment moved with the grand army across and through the Southern Con- federacy to the sea. From Savannah the regiment embarked tor Beanford, S. C. ; thence north through Benton ville and l Isboro i" Pe£ersbnrg, and marched through Richmond on to Washington, passing in review with the grand army before the President and General Grant; moved west, and on the 17th and L8th days of duly, at Camp Dennis. mi. Ohio, were paid off and discharged. nil NOBL] DEAD. The list of killed ami those dying while in service belonging t" Company II (Hocking County Company), Sixty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as found on record (the records of many HI8T0BY 01 HOCKING VALLE1 -7'.' companies, detachments, etc., seem to be quite incomplete, but it is all that can be had from the Adjutant-General's office of the State of Ohio): KILLED. Private Weston Ray, Private George Milligan, July 22, 1864, i >■ .fur. DIED. Samuel S. Alexander, March 23, 1864, di ea e, Decatur; Wesley Bipgins, Dec. 16, L864, disease, Hospital near Savannah ; Wm. T. Duffie, March 1), 1864, disease, Hospital Decatur Junction; Shad- rack O'Connor, Aug. 5, 1864, disease, Hospital Marietta; Solomon Spilter,Aug. 9, 1864, wounds, Decatur; John Frost, Aug. 26, 1864, wounds, Decatur; Henry Zeigler, July. 1865, drowned in the Ohio River near Madison. THE GLOEIOUS SEVENTY-FIFTH. Hocking Comity sent to the front Company II, Seventy-fifth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, officered as follow-: Captain, Thomas M. D. Pilcher; First Lieutenant, Abram W.Thomas; Second Lieutenant, James W. Whaley; Orderly, Richard L. Sul- livan; Sergeant*, Allen T. Garretson, David A. Miller, Benj. E. Cave. Conrad Brian; eight Corporals and eighty-five privates, in all 101 men, rank and file. The regimental organization was as follows: Colonel, Nat. C McLean; Lieutenant-Colonel, R. A. Constable; Major, Robert Reily; Surgeon, Samuel Hart; Assistant Surgeon, Charles L. Wilson; Chaplain, John W. Weakley. This regiment first saw service in the mountain- of West Vir- ginia under General Milroy, joining the brigade at Huttonsvilleat the foot of Cheat Mountain, thence over the Cheat and Allegheny mountains, toward Staunton. Va.. sustained the brunt of the ene my'e attack at Monterey C.-H., clearing the rebels out in two hours'' fighting, thus establishing the character of the regiment for pluck and staying qualities. From here the army crossed over the Shenandoah .Mountain.-, and at Buffalo Cap was met by the rebel General Stonewall Jackson, with a large force and c pelled to fall back over the mountains to .McDowell. May -. 1862, Jackson appeared in force on the highland overlooking the Union camp with a much superior force. Milroy brought about the battle by advancing the Seventy-fifth and Twenty-fifth Ohio In- fantry. The fight lasted from three o'clock, P. m- until dark, the Union forces holding their ground. When under cover of night 880 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Milroy retreated in the direction of Franklin. In this battle the Seventy-fifth added new laurels to its already hard-earned good name. From Franklin, under command of General Fremont, crossed the Shenandoah at Strasburg, on to Cross Keys, where a battle was fought June 10, 1862, the Seventy-fifth being in reserve. THROUGH THE VALLEY OF DEATH. The next affair was at Cedar Mountain, Ya., and at Freeman's Ford, where it lost heavily; then at Groveton, near the old Bull Run battle-field, Aug. 28, 1862, where the regiment lost twent} T - one men killed and ninety -one wounded, the killed and wounded falling into the hands of the enemy; from thence back to Washing- ton City. It was present at the battle of Fredericksburg, then Chancellorsville, here losing 150 men killed and wounded; again at Gettysburg, where out of 292 enlisted men 63 were killed and 1.06 wounded; from here down South, at the siege of Forts Wagner and Gregg; thence to Faly Island, where the regiment remained until the 22d of February, 1864. It then went to Jackson- ville, Fla., and shortly thereafter mounted and called the Seventy- fifth mounted Infantry, and operated along the Indian River. Re- turning to Jacksonville, on the 17th of August fought the enemy at Gainesville, Flu., tried to cut their way through a superior force of the enemy, but only partially succeeded, losing in the affair fourteen men killed and two commissioned officers, about thirty men wounded and sixty men and twelve officers taken prisoners, nearly all of whom were held by the enemy until the spring of 1865." THE CLOSING ACT. In August, 1865, the regiment was mustered out. We cannot give the names and number of men killed and died during the war of Company II, from the fact that they have not been kept distinct and separate on the regimental books. We have, however, from Lieutenant David A. Miller, the following killed of his knowledge, while with the army; he being severely wounded was retired after the battle of Gettysburg: Private Simon Pierson, Private W. Isler, April 12, 1862, at Monterey Court-House; Private George Parker, Aug. 28, 1862, sec- ond Bull Run fight. Also from another comrade: Private Eli as Thompson, August, 1864, Gainesville, Fla. ; Privates William Phil- lips, David Alexander, Reddick, George Murphy, May, 1863, Chancellorsville. Private Charles Kruger, died Florence Prison; Privates Felix McBride, John Armstrong, killed, May, 1863, Chancellorsville; Private Sol. Jones, Aug. 8, second Bull Run. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. S81 NEARING THE END — THE GALLANT ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-FIRST. Under the call by the President, April 22, 1864, for 100 days' men, Hocking County formed the Fifty-seventh Battalion, O'.iio National Guards, Volunteer Infantry, consisting ot six com- panies, but by a consolidation with the Thirty-third Regiment, O. N. G., Volunteer Infantry, numbering eight companies, they formed what was known as the One Hundred and Fifty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, N. G., reducing the Fifty-seventh Battalion to tour companies and the Thirty-third to six companies, making a regiment of ten companies numbering 846 men, rank and file. The One Hundred and Fifty -first was mustered into service May 13, 1864. The regiment left Camp Chase for Washington City May 14, and arrived there on the 21st, where it reported for duty to General Augur, and was assigned to the Sjcond Brigade, Gen- eral Haskins's Division, Twenty-second Army Corps. The brigade was afterward made the First Brigade of General Hardin's divis- ion, in which it continued during its term of service. The regi- ment was stationed in forts defending the city of Washington, and during the operations of the rebels on the 11th and 12th of July a large part of these troops were under fire. The picket lines were kept up by details from the One Hundred and Fifty-first. On the 17th of August the regiment concentrated at Fort Simmons, and from this place they moved by way of Balti- more to Camp Chase, at Columbus, Ohio, arriving on the 23d, and was mustered ont. The Hocking boys lost but one man, William Collins, who died in hospital at Washington. The regimental organization of the One Hundred and Fifty- first was as follows: Colonel, John M. C. Marble; Lieutenant-Colonel, Richard S. Hughes; Major, John L. Williams; Surgeon, William II. Harper; Assistant Surgeon, Augustus G. Ilalloway. The companies from Hocking County were G, II, I, K, and officered as follows: Company G. — Captain, Uriah Guess; First Lieutenant, Man- chester II. Daval; Second Lieutenant, George G. Moore. Company II. — Captain, John Oaks; First Lieutenant, James Johnson; Second Lieutenant, Joshua Chilcote. Company I. — Captain, Joseph Chaney; First Lieutenant, G. W. Wiggins; Second Lieutenant, E. B. Clowe. Company K. — Captain, G. M. Webb; First Lieutenant, JAn- thony B. Walker; Second Lieutenant. Edward P. Strong. *5G 882 HISTORY OF HOCKING \ A l . I . I V. • 1 .irri.i: HOOKING " DID in i; DTJ l v Booking County not only furnished the foregoing organizations for service daring the war, but was constantly sending men for- ward to replenish the ranks as battles and disease reduced the strength of the army. She also furnished troops in Bquada of from live to twenty-five men for the Ninetieth, the Sixty-first, the Sixty-second, the Forty-sixth Ohio Volunteer [nfantry, the Eighteenth Regulars, the Fifth and Sixth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, two West Virginia organizations, the navy and other departments of the army. From the ranks were furnished Colonels, Lieutenant" Colonels, Majors, Captains and all minor officers. The Morgan raiders, as they passed through the south corner of our county, were promptly followed by our citizen soldiery and prevented from taking the back track when they had reached the Muskingum River, not, however, without the — Life, Henry Kelley, a citizen o\' Logan, was killed at Eagleport on the Muskingum while reoonnoitering the enemy's position. Although recruiting was constantly going on, yet in September, 1864, an exhibit ot' the number of men in the service failed t<> show up enough to exempt Socking entirely from the draft. rill-' RECORD IX BLACK AXP WHITE. The following is the table furnished bv the Marshal: 1'OW KSIUPS. Falls G reen Ward Starr Washington Benton . . . Salt Creek. . Perry Laurel Good Hope. Marion . . . . . Total in niE .vr n. 'Mi TOTAL NO PO BB aSRYICB. KNKOl.l.'l DRAFTED 8M 140 19 185 071 3 180 114 88 1 1 157 17s 6 ra 834 as n: 14;; 860 81 :: B4 171 - - 14!> . 71 111 i 101 809 - - - . . 191 HISTOEY 01 HOCKING VALLEY. 833 The number here shown to be in the service is undoubtedly in- correct, owing to the impossibility to get at the true inward] of those who had actually enlisted and that should have been credited to the county; yet the number of men claimed was grace- fully accepted, and nearly all the townships filled their quota by paying increased local bounties, as was the practice all over the State. The various enactments of the Ohio Legislature, pro- viding for the levying of taxes for the relief of soldiers' families, passed 1802, '03 and '04, were observed, taxes collected and dis- tributed according to law without cost. The ladies of the county formed relief and aid societies with an earnest purpose to do what- soever a woman's hands might find to do in furtherance of our country's cause; and after the war was ended, the last shot fired ^ and^those that survived the ravages of war returned to their homes, they werej proudly welcomed, feasted and honored; and with a promise to ever revere and cherish the memory of the martyrs, those who died that their country might live, the heroes resumed their places in society, beat their swords into plowshares, and peace and plenty once more reigned, and our community of Sti became as one nation again. CHAPTEE XXXIII. FALLS TOWNSHIP— THE PIONEER TOWNSHIP AND ITS STEADY GROWTH. From 1798 — Something of its Important Changes of Terri- tory—Railroad, Canal and River — Timber, Coal and Iron Ore — Assessed Valuation — Schools — Streams — The Falls of the Great Hockhocktng — Under the Surface — Churches — When Located — Cemeteries — Population — Falls-Gore — Railroad and Furnaces— Church— Schools— Societies— Towns- -Industries — Business — Land — "Water — Boundary — Name. from 1798. Falls is the oldest settled township in the county, the first settler, Mr. "Westenhaver, having located within its limits. The early his- tory of Hocking County and Logan comprises to a great extent the history of the township. Falls Township was settled the year made memorable as the first in which any permanent settlement was made in Ohio outside of the river cities. The year 1798 is the first that any record can b3 fjundof a settlement in the State, but that year Athens County, including Hocking as now formed, and Ross, were formed. CHANGE OF TERRITORY. Falls Township once included Green, Falls-Gore as now, and a mile on the east side of Marion to the Fairfield County line on the north. It also included "Washington. Its several boundaries as changed at different times by the County Commissioners will be found in the county history. The present size of Falls Township is six miles square, generally speaking hilly, but some splendid bottom lands in the Hocking Valley and on Clear Fork and S^ott Creek. These latter valleys are not so large or extended as the Hocking, neither are the hills so bluff and rugged, but half way up their side or more, with here and there a shelf or plateau, cereals of all kinds can be grown, yielding bountifully, while to their crest the grasses have luxuriant growth. It is an excellent stock township (884) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 8S5 as water is abundant, and it is one of the best for cereals as it has more rich, alluvial bottom lands than any other township in the county. In addition to this area of six miles square Falls-Gore, a strip lying on the north border of Green Township, two miles wide by six long, the latter east and west, is a portion of Falls Town- ship, and has twelve sections of land. Including this strip, Falls has double the amount of miles of railroads of any township in the county. The Straitsville road runs in a zigzag course through the entire length from east to west of the two-mile strip and starts from Logan, just touching the northwest corner of Green Township. The Columbus, Hocking Valle} r & Toledo Railroad en- ters the township near the corner of sections 5 and 6, and, running, like the river and canal, diagonally across the township, manages to give about six miles of transportation by rail and canal each, so that with the Straitsville branch there are nearly, if not quite, fifteen miles of railroad within the township. Its transportation facilities can not be surpassed, which adds another incentive to the fanners to locate within its limits. TIMBER, COAL AND IRON ORE. The township was abuudantly supplied with timber, and there are many hundreds of acres of forests left yet; oak, hickory, elm, maple, etc., constitute the bulk of its timber. Coal and iron ore are found in abundance, and sections 1 and 2 in the northeast cor- ner of the township are full of ore and fire-clay. Coal is found in various parts of the township, as well as fire-clay and ore. The river, which passes through the township, is spanned by several fine bridges, which gives easy and convenient intercourse with the county seat. The assessed valuation of Falls Township for 1882 was : Real estate, $±33,403; personal property, $363,621 — total, $797,021; adding city of Logan, real and personal, $812,929, makes a total of $1,609,953. SCHOOLS. At this time Falls Township and the Falls-Gore boasts of twelve school-houses outside ot the city of Logan. The first school-house is located on the west side of section 1 ; another on the northwest quarter of section 4; the third on the northeast cor- ner of section 7; the fourth on the northwest corner of section 15; one on section 20; another on the northeast corner of 25, and one on the southeast corner of 26; others on sections 27. 29 and 886 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 31, which gives the location of ten of the twelve school districts in the township. The other two sub-districts are placed conven- ient to the school population within the Gore part of the township. The twelve sub-districts are all provided with a good frame school- house and the necessary paraphernalia for school purposes. The pupils of school age are well advanced, and the average daily at- tendance for the township has proved of full average, though in some districts the attendance has been better than in others. The school fund for 1882 was $2,819.29. STREAMS. The Hocking River entered the township at the northeast corner of section 6, and thence running south and southeast it passes through section 5, the northeast corner of section 8, through the entire sections of 9 and 10, touches section 11, and the north and northeast portion of section 14, and finally enters Green Township after passing entirely through section 3. Scott's Creek rises in Wash- ington Township, passes through section 34, and running in a north- easterly direction passes through sections 27, 22, 23 and 14, flow- ing into the Hocking River within the last-named section. A branch of Scott's Creek rises in Washington Township, enters Falls on section 32, and in its meandering course passes through sections 32, 29, 21 and 27, joins the first-named stream above described. It waters quite an extent of country through the southern and central portions of the township passing, as it does, through no less than seven full sections, and touching two others. Clear Forks, which takes its name from its pure and crystal waters, also waters quite an extent of territory. It rises on the west side of section 30, running due north for two miles on the west central border of the township, then 'in a meandering course northeast and east it joins its waters with Scott's Creek within about one-fourth mile of where the latter flows into the Hocking. In addition to this are a few small wet-weather branches, and some fine springs. THE FALLS. One mile west of the city of Logan are what was once called the falls of the great Hockhocking, but now called " The Falls." Just above the falls, and probably where the water became more rapid, a dam was built many years ago, half-moon shape, the back being up stream. The water rashes over a rockv bed for several hundred feet, and JC-t^£4*^£/ HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 887 at one % place a fall of six or eight feet is made and a rapid descent over rocks, as above described. When the heavy rains swell the turbid waters of the Hocking and it becomes a raging flood, then the citizens of Logan make it their Mecca for an evening walk, and the "Falls" are greeted with a spontaneous exclamation of pleasure. Then the waters'recede and the falls of the great Hock- hocking show only small streami of water gliding over the rocks below, exhibiting nothing of the turbulent and seething waters of a few days previous. UNDER THE SURFACE. . There has undoubtedly been several convulsions of nature in this valley ages ago, for besides finding in several places the bones of a mastodon, and relics of a prehistoric age, there have been two cases within the county where there have been found large tre3S many feet below the surface. The first that is recorded was a tree found on section 16, on the farm of Captain C. W. Clowes, about one and one-quarter miles from the Hocking River, in digging a well they came upon a large tree fully two feet in diameter and twenty- six feet below the surface. This tree was imbedded in a gravel and sand formation, and just above the sand and gravel wa? yellow clay for several feet. The place was on the dividing ridge where the waters flow south into Brushy Fork arid-north to Clear Fork of Scott's Creek. The other tree was in precisely the sani3 formation of sand and gravel, something like the bed of a river, on the farm of Samuel Stivison. This was not so large a tree, but was thirty- rive feet below the' surface. The first thirty feet was of a sandy nature, then came the yellow clay, and then again the sand and gravel. This latter tree was imbedded in the yellow clay lying on a gravel bed. This was also on section 10, about one-half mile from the Hocking River, on a ridge that shed its waters into that stream. The township has one postoffice besides Logan — Enterprise — located on section 6, near the northeast corner of the southeast quar- ter. The Falls Flouring Mills are at the falls of the Hocking, and a fine fair-ground is located sontheast'of the city of Logan about three quarters of a mile. CHURCHES. Some few years since there was a Catholic church in the north- east corner of the east half of the southwest quarter of section 2, but it has since been closed. 888 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The United Brethren have three churches within the township, as follows: The Antioch Church, located on the southwest quarter of section 5, with a cemetery in connection; another on section 20, called the Union Church, and Mt. Zion Church, on the south half of the southeast quarter of section 28. Morris Chapel Methodist Episcopal Church is located on the east half of southwest quarter of section 33. The Baptist Church, on the northeast corner of the southwest quarter of section 27. This also has a cemetery attached. The Lutheran Church is the last one to be mentioned, and is located on the west half of southeast quarter of section 27. There are two other cemeteries in the township, not large, one located on the west half of northwest quarter of 7, and the other in the northwest corner of section J 9. These are all frame church buildings, plainly but comfortably finished. POPULATION. The following is the population of Falls Township, including the city of Logan, by decades, since 1840: Population in 1840, 1,625; 1S50, 2,570; 1860, 3,476; 1S70, 3,760; 1880, 5,195. The gain thews that the progress of the township has been one of uninterrupted prosperity. FALLS-GORE. This territory is six miles long by two miles wide, is bounded on the north and east by Perry County, on the south by Green Township, on the west by Marion Township, and contains 7,680 acres of land. It was formerly a part of Perry County, and was added to Hocking County when the latter was organized in I s l x . so as to secure, as was required by the old law, a certain amount of territory to make a new comity. It was at that time a part of Falls Township. On the second day of June, 1S23, Green Town- ship was cut off of Falls, and then included this strip, and in 1S25, on June 7, in the new arrangement, it was still a part of Green. By petition of the voters it was again added to Falls, March 4, 1828. There is a voting place in Hamlin, or New Gore, for the accommodation of the eastern part of the district, while those in the western part still go to Logan. They have no sepa- rate township officers except an assessor. Burgessville and Ham- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 889 lin are separated from each other only by railroad tracks and a strip of ground owned by the railroad company, so that lately the two towns, in name, if nothing else, are united and called New Gore. Then further on east Oreville has a local habitation and a name. The first mill built in this strip was on section 34, by Moses Starr, in the year 1822, on Little Monday Creek. It ground both wheat and corn, but has been abandoned since 1870. STREAMS. The largest stream is Monday Creek; it enters on the northwest quarter of section 25, takes a meandering course across the town- ship and passes into Ward Township from the southeast quarter of section 36. The next in size is Little Monday Creek. It is a branch of Monday Creek, enters Gore on the northeast quarter of section 29, flows southeast to its point of exit, on the southeast quarter of section 34. Scrub Monday is the name of a small creek that originates in the vicinity of Webb Summit, flows northeast and empties into Little Monday at Winona Furnace. Oldtown Creek rises on sections 30 and 31, flows southwest, leaving the pre- cinct on the southwest quarter of section 31, and empties into the Hocking River on the southwest quarter of section 34, in Green Township. Sugar Run enters on the northeast qurrter of section 25, and flows into Monday Creek near Oreville. SURFACE. The surface is broken and hilly, but contains rich deposits of mineral, both in coal and iron ore. Quantities of fire and plastic clay are also found. BURGESS V J LLE. This village constitutes the southern part of what is now known as New Gore, and comprises all that part of the village south of the raihvad. It was laid out and platted by Colonel Levi Davis in January, 1871, for Ilenson Burgess, proprietor, for whom the town was named, HAMLIN is located on the southwest quarter of section 26, and comprises all that part of New Gore which lies on the north side of the State road. It was laid out and platted in February, 1871, by W. II. Jennings, for the Straitsville and Monday Creek Coal Mining Com- pany, and named for George F. Hamlin, their Superintendent, who was present and superintended the laying out of the village. 690 HISTORY OF HOOKING \ \i LEY. NEW GORE. The two towns of Hamlin and Burgessville lie on opp >site Bides oi the railroad, and being contiguous are considered by the casual observer as one town, but such is not the case The village of Gore is near by, and after the erection of the furnace at the former place, in January, 1880, the Gore postoffise was removed to [Iamlin, still retaining its old name. Sinca that tima Gore has been known as Old Gore, and Hamlin with its neighbor Burgess- ville have been known as New Gore. The land lying 1) 'tween the railroa 1 and tic State road, and be- tween the two villages, a few rods wide, belongs to neither town, hut is the property of the Columbus and Hocking Tod and Iron ( lomp my, on which is situated their furnace. The business house-, three in number, are all on the north side oi' the State road, and consequently are in Hamlin. This place has two blacksmith shops, one car and repair shop, one saloon, one physicia'n, a telegraph office, express and freight office, an 1 a telephone. There are T^* inhabitants in the two towns. HAMLIN LODGE. Hamlin Lodge, No. Til, [. O. 0. F., was established in dune, L8S2, with sixteen charter members. They elected John Clay- pool, n. G. The present membership numbers fifty, and the officers for L888 are: B. .1. Holt, N. G.J Charles 1 >. Brown, Secretary, and ( teorge Dyson, Treasurer. The lodge has erected a handsome frame building, two stories high, 45 x 18 feet, using the upper Btory as their hall, which is handsomely furnished. oi;i \ II LE. This little village was surveyed and platted in November and December, 1872, by James Davis, Deputy County Surveyor, for William 11. Woodruff, proprietor, and received its name from the abundance of iron ore in this locality. GOR] . G ire (or Old Gore) is not a regularly laid out town. It was set tied in l v .'e_' by Cromwell B. Culver, who built a store there at •i:v Of HO< KING VA.LLEY. 9 1 thai time. There was a school-house buill herein 1851. The toffice of Gore wa e tablished in L852 with Mr. Culvei tmaster, bul wa removed to Hamlin in January, 1880. Thii village is on the Strail ville Branch of the [locking Valley Rail- road, on the northeast quarter of section 34, and contains about sixty inhabitants. WEBB I i m WIT. A store and postoffice were e tablished on the southeast quarter ection 30, on the Straitsville Branch in l w 7l. with Jamei Hull, tmaster. James Halland Henry Aek built the store and put iii ;i stock of good . The store and postoffice are now in the hands of L. F. Keller. webb's chapel. The Methodist Episcopal church known by the above name is the oldest church in Hocking County, without much doubt, ji was organized in 1818, by Rev. Benjamin Webb, at his residence. They first built a log cabin on section 29. Tlii . wa d ed Dearly a quarter of a century, when, in 1851, they erected a neat and substan- tial frame church. It Jb plainly, though comfortably, finished inside, and ls 36 ■-. -J" feet in size. The membership now number sixty. Rev, A. B. Shaw is fin; present Pastor, holdin ce each alternate Sabbath; class-meeting is lield every alternate Sabbath, and a Sunday-school is kept up six month, in the vear. Prayer meetings are held '•■.cry Thursday night. FUBNA( : Qon Furnad wae built in L876 by General Samuel Thoma [t works both native and Lake Superior ore . employing 300 men in >!)<■ various departments. This furnace is located on the strip jround Lying between the railroad and State road at Hamlin and B . [lie. The furnace and appurtenances were purchased, March, 1- by the Colunibus & I,I"<-I ' ( il and Eron Company. The coal for fuel is drawn from their mines about one mile distant b small pony engine on a narrow gauge railway. The buildings are of brick and Mr. Vint Ferguson is the superin- tendent, an'] it, i- kept in lull b a I ind 'lav. 77c Winona Furnadl ■- ton the northeast qui 892 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tion 29, at the junction of Scrub Monday with Little Monday Creek, in 1877, by the Winona Iron Company. It is now the property of the Columbus and Hocking Iron and Coal Company, purchased March 1, 1SS3. The superintendent and general mana- ger is E. B. Greene, of Portsmouth, Ohio. The company also owns a general store here and twenty-two dwellings, in which reside about 150 people when the furnace is running. "Work was suspended in the fall of 1882, owing to the depreciation in the price of iron. A postoffice was established here in the fall of 1877, and named "Winona Furnace, with E. B. Greene as Postmaster. "Winona has a telegraph office and a neat frame school-house on the south side of the railroad. It is situated on the Straitsville Branch of the Hocking Valley Railroad. RELIGIOUS. The first resident minister of the gospel in this part of Falls Township was Rev. Benjamin "Webb, a Methodist minister, who settled here in 1S16. Gore Chapel M. E. Church was established man}' years ago, but just when is not certainly known, as no records have been kept of its organization. A log house was built on the southeast quarter of section 27; the ground where it stood is now used for a ceme- tery. The present house, a frame structure 45 x 32 feet, was erected in 1868, on the northeast quarter of section 34. It was refitted in 1883, and presents an attractive appearance. Services each alternate Sabbath by Rev. A. B. Shaw, Pastor. Sabbath-school each Sabbath throughout the year. Class-meeting each alternate Sabbath. Prayer-meeting every Thursday night. There are now seventy-five communicants. Audubon United Brethren Church, at Hamlin, was organized about the year 1869, by Rev. Mr. Robison. The house of worship, a large frame structure, was erected in 1869. The Trustees are: Charles Gabeline, Asa Arnold, and John Tucker. Services each alternate Sabbath by Rev. James Dixon, Pastor. Class-meeting and Sabbath-school, each Sabbath throughout the year. Their Sabbath-school is the largest in this part of the country. Prayer- meeting every "Wednesday night. Predestinarian Baptist Church was organized in 1S32 or 1833 in Perry County. The church organization was removed to OrevilK> HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY, 893 in 1875, where it holds service once a month in the Oreville school- house. There is an actual membership of sixteen, and its Pastor is the Kev. Wm. JMewton. starr's saw mill. This may be considered one of the valuable adjuncts to the mineral interests of Falls-Gore. It was first erected in 1877, on section 34, by Noah W f Starr. In 1882 Mr. Starr put the mill in good repair, with new machinery, and added a burr to crack or grind corn, and a saw-mill. Cemeteries. — There are two cemeteries in Gore district, one is on the northeast quarter of section 29, and the other on the southeast quarter of section 27. Schools. — Falls-Gore is divided into four school districts, and con- tains four school-houses, and received State money for 1882, amount- ing to $1,139.06. The buildings are all comfortable frame ones, with the necessary furniture. The assessed valuation of Gore school district for 18S2 was: For real estate, $74,200; personal property, $88,523; total $162,723. CHAPTER XXXIV. THE CITY OF LOGAN— THE PRIDE OF THE VALLEY OF THE HOCK- HOCKING. To the Memory of the Mingo Chief Logan — The Beaoy of its Location and Surroundings — From 1S25 to 1830 — Incorpora- tion of Logan — What She Was — Bridges — The Culver Property — Purchase and Price — Logan Postoffice — Mayors of Logan — Logan Graded School — Business Interests in 1859 and 1S83 — Professional. A MONUMENT TO THE MINGO CHIEF LOGAN. The City of the Hocking Yalley, whose growth has been most tirm and steady, is the one whose" name commemorates the famous Mingo Chief Logan. Aside from its rich surroundings^ both in soil and mineral, which look toward Logan for an outlet, a more favorable location for a city could hardly be conceived. The site is an extended plateau, over two miles long and from a half to three quarters of a mile wide, lying north of the river, which at this point runs nearly east. At the west end of this plateau, just above a slight bend in the river, is the Great Hock- hocking Fall, well-known from the earliest history of the valley. and whose name designated the locality long before the invasion of civilization disturbed these haunts of savage life. In the rear of this little plain and in front of it, rising from the opposite river bank, is a chain of bluffs, not rugged in their contour, which almost completely surrounds the spot. At intervals in this environment are hills, whose grim brows are raised above their neighbors, and who look steadily down at the scene before them, like faithful lone sentinels standing guard over the beautiful city below. Even from the savage the natural beauties of this place brought forth a recog- nition, their charm impressing upon his rude mind that this, in all the boundless forest, was one of the spots most favorable to the habitation ot man. So far back as the scratch of pen or tradition of the pale-face leads the search for history an Indian village stood upon the site of the present city, within the sound of the great fall. (894) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 895 But how far back this predecessor of Logan occupied the spot can never be known, probably through countless generations. It was the home of a portion of the Wyandot tribe, and was abandoned by them near the time of Lord Dimmore's war against the Indians in 1774. This settlement of the Wyandots extended to Oldtown Creek. Logan lies within a mile of the eastern border of Falls Town- ship, and within two miles of its northern border. The mineral feature of the surrounding country, and the fact of its being the junction of three railroads, as well as lying on the Hocking Canal; makes Logan a center of considerable interest to the future de- velopment of the valley. It is one of the most important stations on the C, II. V. & T. R. R., and is the point of intersection with it of the Straitsville Branch and the River Division of the same road. Through this point the Straitsville Branch and the main line from Nelson ville bring nearly all the coal mined in this part of the State, an average, perhaps, of 7,500 tons per day. Already the smoke and noise of the engines and machinery in the manufactories give Logan the appearance of active industry. Most of these establishments have started within the last few yeaiv, but long before the excellent situation and its wide and level streets had made Logan attractive. It is laid out in regular squares, the streets running exactly north and south and east and west. Some of the streets running east and west are already a mile long, ami most of them are well improved. from 1825 to 1830. In 1S25 Logan claimed a population of 250. Several more new frame buildings had been added to the town as well as log cabins. It took its first start as a manufacturing town that year, having put up a carding machine propelled by oxen. From 1825 to 1830 quite a number of new arrivals made their homes in Logan — men who gave it prominence, and who stood as prominent citizens for many years thereafter, until they were called hence. Their names were: Horatio Hatch, James Crook, John Rochester, Dr. Joseph Whipple, William Alexander, and others. The first named opened a large general store — large fur the town at that time — and Mr. Rochester took a clerkship with him, and re- mained until he finally became proprietor of one of the most noted stores in the Hocking Valley. His sons are now carrying on 896 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the business established over a half century ago. Dr. Whipple above spoken of was the first resident practicing physician. Among the early justices was 'Squire Finhcart, who, finding his peace- talk could not quell an incipient riot, proposed to do it with his fists. He was a large, muscular man, and when he threw off his coat and declared he would have peace if he had to whip the whole crowd, the row ended. Logan was blessed at an early day with a mill. Tiie water-power of the Hocking at the falls was utilized, by Governor Worthington in ISIS to the extent of a saw-mill and a run of corn burrs. Then the buildings., especially the frame ones, were well put up, as there were few better carpenters than Jonas and Bowen. So, all things taken together, Logan progressed solidly, if slowly. The first newspaper established was called the News, and was first issued in 1S3S, but did not live long, closing out on the election of Harrison in 1S40. The first resident attorney was Lucius Chase; at least the first one whose name is known. The law business was generally done in the early days by attorneys from the cities or towns large enough to support them, who made it their business to ride the circuit and attend court. MOVING FORWARD. The prospect of building the Hocking Canal in 1S3S gave hope to the people of Logan, but it did not start her growth materially until this means of transportation became an accomplished fact in 1^1'>. This was to the people of the valley at that day of great importance, and was at least an outlet for their products, and a way to bring in their necessities. It was well patronized until the ad- vent of the railroads, and is vet doing a small business as far down as Nelsonville, the canal below that point being abandoned. INCORl'ORATED. At the session of the General Assembly in the winter of 1838- '39, the town of Logan was incorporated by an act of the Legislat- ure, passed .March 5, 1S39. Section 1 of this act reads as follows: " .1// Act t<> incorporati the town of Logan in Hooking County. " Section 1. Be It enacted by the Gt n< ral Assembly of tin State of Ohio: That so much of the township of Falls in Hocking County, as is included in the original recorded plat oi in and out b»ts of the town of Logan, together with all additions that have HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 897 been or may hereafter belaid out and recorded, and also so much of the Hocking Valley Canal as lies south of and adjoins to or passes through said original plat or additions, bo, and the same are, hereby created a town corporate, and shall be known by the name of the town of Logan." WHAT SUE WAS. At the time of incorporation Logan had about fifty houses, and the census the following year gave her a population of 436. The population of 1830 had been 322. This was a very small increase. There were at that time about one dozen log cabins; the rest were frame buildings, except five of brick. In 1840 the present court- house was built .by Wm, Montgomery, contractor. It has since had an addition and bids fair to stand a quarter of a century. Pre- vious to the erection of this building, court had been held in an old frame house on Second street. The professional brotherhood in Logan, in 1840, comprised the following: Lawyers, Lucius Case and E. C. Cusack; physicians, Reuben Culver, Wm. Albers, C. B. Guthrie, E. L. Brown, John Holland, S. Chapin and Joseph Whipple. Logan had at that time two hotels, the American House and the Zimmerman House, and three saloons. Business began to improve as the canal was finished and boats started. The first boat to come down the canal, the A. McCaw, in October, 1840, brought down a large number of visitors to hear a speech in Logan by Hon. Thos. Corwin, in the celebrated log cabin and hard-cider campaign in 1840. The opening of the canal also stimulated the farmers, who, find- ing they could now get their produce to market, began to enlarge their farming operations and raise a large supply above home consumption. Trade began to improve and the merchant enlarged his stock and met the increased demand. In a few years the business of Logan needed better and larger shipping facilities, and in 1846 John Rochester, Sr., erected the warehouse at the foot of Mulberry street and became a purchaser for grain and produce, giving the farmers of Hocking County a home market for their surplus products. A very important and convenient public improvement was the building of a bridge across the canal on Mulberry street, in I s 1 3. The bridge was a joint affair, some $300 being appropriated by the county, and the balance of the money needed was raised by sub- 57 B98 HISTORY OF HOCKING \ \i \\:\ - Bcription, quite a large portion of the latter being paid by Labor toward the building oi' it. This bridge was about twenty feet wide and remained standing until L859, when the canal was bridged by a new one, single span, which in its turn was removed and the present double track covered bridge took its place in 1865. The bridge across the Eocking River at Hunter street was erected in 1855, but about one year later, being deemed unsafe, it was taken down and a new one put up in its place. The upper canal bridge was first built in lSt>S, and replaced by the one now stand- ing in 187:1 THE CULVER PROPERTY. In April, L869, an important addition to Logan was made by the purchase of the lot known as the Culver property. This was a lot containing about seven acres lying just east oi the corporation limit, and from its relative position and excellent building room it was deemed very important that it should become part of the city and the streets extended through it. It was especially a matter of great convenience that Alain street should extend through this property instead oi passing around it, as before, and the council thinking it would be more a profitable to buy the land and sell it in lots than to enforce the street through it did so in accordance with an act of the State Legislature, and by an ordinance passed by the council provided for the payment of the same by issuing city bonds to the amount of $8,000. The bonds were made payable to L. A. Cul- ver, or bearer, and $2,000 of the same made du*e at the end oi each year following the date oi' issuance, April 17, 1869, until the whole amount should be paid. This lot now forms the eastern part of the city and contains same of the most eligible building lots within its limits. The churches and schools of Logan and other social institutions have, during this long period of the city's growth, fully kept pace with her business and manufacturing interests. The excellent sys- tem oi graded schools, under the care of Professor McCiay, is a m< st valuable institution. There are five well-patronized churches within the city, some oi' which have parochial schools attached. B< sides the Eocial features of the churches and schools, several very commendable literary and musical organizations have, in latter years, contributed much to social advancement. The James Block, the most important business building in the city, was built in 1^ Rempel'a Opera House was built in 1S7 — . The growth of the city from its first existence, as shown by the following figures, will be seen to have been constant and tolerably IJIVlokV 01 HO< I ,LEY. regular, [ta population in L820 was 100; in 1830,322; in 1840 136; in 1850, 825; in L860, 1,489; in 1-7". L,827; in 1--". 2,666- It will be seen that the periods s nh were the decades following 1830 and 1860; ;md the period of most rapid growth, be- tween 1870 and L880, the increase for this decade being nearly five and one-half time- as large as for the decade immediately prei ing. • THE LOGAN POSTOFFIi E. The postoffice was established in Logan in 1-17. when Dutton Lane was appointed Postmaster by President Monroe. The office did but a small business until after the completion of the C. & 11. V. R. R., in L869, and then it began to be an office of considerable importance as a central and distributing office for the smaller of the surrounding country. Alter the building of the Straitsville Branch and the River Division oftheC, 11. V r . &T. li. R. the busi- ness of the office was .-till further increased 30 that now it ranks among the most important offices in Southern Ohio. Especially has the business increased in the last few years as is .shown by the following figure-: In 1-7'.' the sale of stamps amounted to $2,872 97, while in 1882 the sales increased to $3,968.61. The number of pi' ' out from the office ('estimated by counting t!.< foi seven successive days; in 1879 was 3,685;and for 1880, 5,1 It was made a money-order office in 1 366; the first order issued, beai ing date of Aug. 9, 1866, was for $4.50, made to James T. Mc< mick and payable to O. W. Star buck & Co., Cincinnati, O. The following figures show the increase of business in the money-order department: Number of orders issued 1870, 374; amount of same $3,491.67; number of order,- issued 1875, 1,104; amount of same, $11,100.31; number of orders issued 1880, 1.-17; amount of same i $18,418.71. The whole number of orders issued up to June 1,186 is 15,910, representing the amount of $156,109.03. William Wallace was Postmaster in 1831, and since 1^11 the list is as follows: Flavius Case, 1841-'44; Waldo Tucker, 1844 !; William Haines, l853-'56; Oakley Case, 1856-'57; E. P. Talpey, 1857 '61; Gottfried Sporleder, !861-'68; F.«G. Rempel, 1868-'72; F. F. Rempel, 1872-'8 »; W. F. Case, since 188 MAVok- OF LOGAN. C. W.James, 1839; Eli Barker, 1839- , 41; Alex. White, 1841-'46; Waldo Tucker, 1846-'52; D. J. Cline, 1852 '53; W. H. McClin- tock, 1853; J. R. Grogan, 1853-'55; J. W. Lyon. l855-'57; J. A. Brown, 1857-'62; L. A. Culver, 1862-'63; D. White, 1863-'6o; R - ; G . D Whites 1867 ' H M G fl Bn . > I wn .■ B I . . \ - . .- ... . . . ■ ' to 18 ! M« i '.x . 5 J s j ^ Ma; i -, ■ - - ... SOI, - .... ' • • ■ ' - • ■ ■ .• ! ■ : ! - ■ 1 - ! I - 902 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. there were 74S children of school age in Logan, 374 of whom were LOGAN in 1SS3. male, and 374 female. Logan at the present time contains upward of 3,000 inhabitants. Its industrial interests embrace several large manufacturing estab- lishments, viz.: The Motherwell Iron and Steel Company, the Logan Furniture Company, Raymond Belt's foundry and machine shops. It also contains a fire-brick manufactory, three planing mills, one woolen mill, two flouring mills, three brick-yards, gas works, three hotels, two banks, five churches, one public school, an opera house, and a steam fire engine. Logan has also the following business in- terests: Thirteen groceries, ten saloons, seven boot and shoe stores, six general stores, five hardware stores, four meat stores, three drug stores, three jewelry stores, three milliner stores, three bakeries, two dry-goods stores, two harness stores, two cigar and tobacco stores, one clothing store, one furniture store, one feed store,one queen's-ware store, one produce store, two restaurants and two musical instrument stores; twelve attorneys, eleven physi- cians, five ministers, four dentists and three editors, four merchant tailors, four livery stables, three photograph galleries, three dress- makers, three blacksmith shops, two carriage works, two wagon shops, two tanneries, five barber shop?, one marble works, one soap ma nn factory, one gunsmith shop, one job-printing office, three newspaper offices with job offices attached, one news and book stand, one undertaker's establishment, one manufacturer of musical instruments, two insurance, two coal and two sewing mi- chine agencies, a Western Union Telegraph office, and one Adams express office, one life insurance agent and three railroads. LOGAN IN 1S59. For the purpose of comparison with the foregoing, below is given the business interests of Logan in 1859: Five attorneys and two physicians, two hote^, one livery stable, two banks, one planing mill, three flouring mills, one machine shop, one carriage shop, one gunsmith shop, one barber shop, six general stores, six groceries, three boot and shoe stores, two har- stores, two furniture stores, two hardware stores, two clothing 3t blishmcnts, one hat and cap establishment, one millinery, one bakery and one cigar and tobacco store. ,.;■ afr^^^c^ <$^//r CHAPTER XXXY. REFERRING TO RELIGIONS, MORALS, POLITICAL AND BUSINESS INTERESTS. History of Presbyterian Church — Methodist Episcopal Church — Catholic Church — Lutheran Churches — People's Bank — First National Bank — The Logan Press — Manufactories — Iron and Steel — Furniture — Woolens — Sash, Doors and Blinds — Fire Brick — Foundry and Machine Shop— Lodges and Societies. churches. The First Presbyterian Church of Logan was originally founded in Starr Township in 1821. Rev. Geo. W. Warner, a young mis- sionary, was sent by the General Assembly into Ohio, and began preaching to them in 1829. His meeting with the society was at long intervals, as the field of his labor embraced a large territory extending from Belpre to Zanesville. A two days' meeting was appointed for the 1st and 2d of September, 1829, which was con- ducted by Mr. Warner and Rev. John Spaulding, the regular pas- tor at Athens. At the close of this meeting steps were taken to form a permanent church organization, and the following persons were, upon examination, constituted the First Presbyterian Church of Hocking Cjunty, viz.: John A. Bntin, Anna Butin, Sjloinon Finney, Sylvanus Finney, Harvey Finney, Jesse Bartlett, Amanda Bartlett, Marcia Bartlett, Martha B.irtlett, Myra Washburn, Betsy Stone. Mary Romley, Eleanor Wallace, Asenath Cromwell and Nancy Cushing. Of these John A. Butin, Solomon Finney and Harvey Finney were elected and ordained Ruling Elders. In 1S33, after a series of revival meetings held in Logan by Mr. Mi-Aboy, it was decided to remove the original church society to Logan'; and from it a new organization to b3 located at New Ply- mouth, just over the line in Vinton County. The first Elders of the Logan sosiety were: John A. Butin, Jesse Bartlett, Silas A. Hedges and Sumner C. Cushing. During half of the year 1833 Rev. Luke De Witt was a stated supply. In 183S the lot on which the present church building stands was pur- chased for $200, and the building made ready for occupation in the («03) 904 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. spring of 1841. It was finally completed in the following year, and has since received numerous additions and repairs, the princi- pal one being a thorough remodel of the building in 1875. Nov. 27, 1843, a bill which had passed the Ohio Legislature incorpo- rating the First Presbyterian Church of Logan was read and adopted by the church, whereupon the first Board of Trustees was elected, consisting of the following: John A. Butin, John North and John Rochester. In March, 1856, the Secretary of Home Missions for the South- ern District of Ohio requested Rev. C. C. Hart to visit the church to perform some ministerial rites. Mr. Hart remained with the church, engaging as stated supply for one year, and afterward re- engaging, remained with the church continuously for over twelve years as stated supply. After the close of Mr. Hart's ministry as stated supply in Sep- tember, 1868, Rev. Win. A. Bosworth was engaged to supply the church for six months, after which, from May, 1869, to May, 1871, Rev. Mark L. Milford served as pastor. In September, 1871, the church extended a call to Rev. C. C. Hart, then at Shawne3town, 111., to again come and take their pul- pit. The call was accepted and he was regularly installed, in the following November, as Pastor of the church, which relation he still holds. Since the organization of this church about 650 per- sons have been members, the present membership numbering 165. The following persons have been Eiders: John A. Butin, Solo- mon Finney. 'Harvey Finney, Jesse Bartlett, Silas A. Hedges, Sum- ner L. Cushing, Samuel Dotv, John North, Willard Adams, E. T. Brown, Serb L. Davis, John Walker, A. Steinman, H. C. Foncan- non, A. J. Smith, Robert R Work, Wm, R. North, John North, J. E. Butin, F. Harrington, E. Maynard, A. Sheldon. The following held the office of Deacon before it was abolished: J. E. Butin, A G. North, 11. C. Foncannon, James M. Stuart, A. J. Smith, A. R. Dickon, John W. Work, T. E. Baker, C. E. Bowcn, F. Harrington, John Vail, J. W. Weltner and Levi Black. The Trustees from the church's organization have been: John A. Butin, John North, John Rochester, II. C. Foncannon, John Walker, A. J. Smith, David Little, T. E. Baker, John W. Work, S. Churchill and R >bert Wright. Methodist Episcopal Church. — At an early date the Methodist preachers on their rounds found their way to Logan, but it cannot now be ascertained who preached the first Methodist sermon there, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 905 or at what date it occurred. In 1817 Logan was connected with Fairfield circuit, and was one of the places supplied with preach- ing by the circuit preachers who were, at tint time, Michael Ellis and J. McMahon. In 1819 it was placed in connection with Hock- ing circuit and Jacob Hooper was preacher in charge. Logan con- tinued in this connection and was served by the various circuit preachers until 1831, when it became a part of Adelphia circuit. At this time the society was worshiping in a log church — the date of the building cannot be ascertained. In May, 1832, Governor Worthington's executors deeded lot No. 77, on Second street, on which the old log church stood to the following Trustees of the Methodist Episcopal church, viz. : F. Bitcher, John Westenhaver, George Woods, Thomas Walker, Earhart Glaze, Samuel Bright and Robert Gallagher. Shortly afterward there was erected on this lot a frame building which the society occupied as a place of worship for nearly twenty years. John Stewart, in his " High- ways and Hedges," speaks of the Logan Methodist church as con- taining, in 1834, sixty-one members, with S. S. Bright as Class- leader. Logan circuit was organized in 1837, and Logan became the residence of the preacher in charge, E. S. Gavitt and J. A. Brooks being the first to supply the work under the new arrange- ment. In August, 1851, the trustees bought half of out-lot No. 2, on Hunter street, and on it the present brick church was erected which was so far completed that the ^basement was occupied on the 20th of February, 1853. In July, 1855, the Logan society became incorporated and the following persons elected Trustees, viz.: John W. Lyons, Jesse L. Collins, Nathan Bill, Samuel Banks, C. W. James, John A. Murphy, William Ijams. The upper room was finished in 185S, and the dedication sermon was preached by Bishop Kingsley. In 1855 the charge w.is male a station, and since then it has been served by the following minis- ters: 1855-'6, T. D. Martindale; 1857-'8, B inner Mark; 1859, J. F. Given; 1S60-'1, S. M. Bright; 1862-'3, Win. Porter; 1864-'5, W. T. Harvey; 1866-'7, J. F. Williams; 186S-'9, Levi Hall; L870-'l-'2, W. C. Holliday; 1873-'4, J. F. Williams; 1875, T. II. Monroe; 18 76-'7, C. D. Battelle; 1873-'9-'80, J. E. Sowers; 1881, E. II. Heagles; 1882, J. M. Weir. St. John the Evangelist's Catholic Church of Logan. — The nucleus of this church was the family of Go'.ey Kunkler, who came to Logan in 1837. Sjon after cam) the f tmilies of August Ucker, Frank Junty, John and Nicholas Kessler. The 906 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. first services were held at the different residences of these Catho- lic pioneers by Father Fokel in about 1S39; and, in 1840, Father Young, afterward Bishop of Erie, began to officiate regu- larly, holding services once in two months. Under his pastorate the old Catholic burying ground, two and a half miles north of Logan, was donated for a cemetery and church site by Augustus Uckerin about 1S41. A log church was begun in 1841 and com- pleted in 1811. It was dedicated by Bishop Purcell as St. John's Church and Cemetery in 1845. Father Young was succeeded by Father Lange in 1850, whose headquarters were at Lancaster, of- ficiating here once in six weeks. The church was organized in 1839, with about sixteen families. The communicants now num- ber about 700. Father Lange was succeeded in 1861 by Father Hone, who was the first permanent Pastor. He was soon after succeeded by Father Emanuel Thienpont, who died while Pastor in 1S73. Father Charles Dougherty then officiated until September, 1S71, when the present Pastor, Father Thomas J. Cady, was placed in charge of the church. The place of worship was transferred from the old log church in Falls Township to Logan in 1861, where the present edifice was erected under the pastorate of Father Hone. The German Evangelical Lutheran St. Matthews Congregation of Logan was organized by Rev. C. Spielman, of Lancaster, Ohio, in 1852. The charter members of the church who had a voice in its proceedings were: John Grab, Henry Hartmann, Conrad Amendt, Jacob Keller and Louis Michel. Their house' of worship at first was on Front street, near the west end. The present church build- ing, on East Hunter street, was purchased in 1866. It had been built by a Rev. Mr. Sensebach, a new-school Lutheran, who built the church and endeavored to form a society, but failing, the build- ing was sold for debt and purchased by the above-named organiza- tion. The church has always had a fair membership, and since 1S66 a fine house for worship. The Past jrs have been: Rev. C. Spielmin, 1S52; Rev. Mr. Baes- sler, 1852-'53; Rev. J. J. Suttler, lS53-'59; Rev. Martin Sandhaus, L859-'60; Rev. John Herr, 1860-'64 ; Rev. Paul Miller, 1864- '72, Rev. Henry Henkel, 1872-'81; and Rev. Louis F. Mittler, l^ v 1 to the present time. The society has within its membership about thirty families. It has also a flourishing Sabbath-school, superintended by Louis Michel. The church is a good-sized substantial brick building, ia well located and has a parsonage on the same lot. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 907 The Evangelical Lutheran Trinity' Church of Logan was organ- ized from the St. Matthews Lutheran Congregation of Logan, in Oc- tober, 18S1. The Ohio Synod of this church had recently detached itself from the Synodical Conference, which had formerly included all of this denomination in the United States, on a doctrinal point concerning predestination. Rev. Mr. Henkel, in connection with eighteen other ministers and eight congregations in Ohio, declined to go with the rest of the Ohio Synod in this diversion, as they thought it, and remained in harmony with the Synodical Confer- ence. A portion of Mr. Henkel's congregation signifying their intention to believe with him, he effected a new organization under the above name. The church, a neat and comfortable brick struct- ure, and the parsonage, situated at the head of Mulberry street, were built in 1SS2. The cost of both was about $4,000. This society, though at first small, has grown so that it now contains twenty-four families. It has a Sabbath-school superintended by Mr. W. Wyman, and a good parochial school taught by the Pas- tor, Mr. Henkel. BANKS. The First National Bank of Logan, Ohio, of which the present First Bank is the successor, was organized Aug. 4, 1863, by the following named gentlemen: Chas. V. Culver, G. M. Webb, L. H. Culver, Thos. Dewar, Chas. E. Bnven, L. A. Culver and A. W. Beery, with a capital of $50,000. L. A. Culver was elected Pres- ident, and Chas. E. Bowen, Cashier. Mr. Culver served as its President until the summer of 1865, when he resigned and was succeeded by Wm. M. Bowen, who at that time bought a control- ling interest in the institution. He continued in this position until January, 1S67, when John Walker, who had been Cashier of the Logan branch of the State Bank of Ohio, was elected President, in which capacity Mr. Walker served until the surrender of the charter, July 14, 1SS1, Charles E. B >wen remaining the Cashier during the whole time, about eighteen years. In the summer of 1S81 it was thought Congress would not extend the charter of national banks, and the bonds, on which their capital was based, falling due, the stockholders concluded to surrender the charter and engage in the private banking business. The change was made by the concurrent vote of the owners of the First National Bank, who, with a paid-up capital of $30,000, organized the First Bank of Logan, as the successor of the old one, in July, 1881. The new 908 . HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. organization was completed by electing a Board of Directors a9 fol- lows : Robert Wright, F. F. Rempel, John Walker, J. C. Rochester, Chas. E. Bo wen; John Walker was elected President and Chas. E. Bowen, Cashier. This is the oldest bank now doing business in Logan, having occupied the same room since before its organization as a national bank in 1863. It has among its stockholders and in its management some of the oldest and most respected citizens of the town and county. The People's Bank, one of the most successful enterprises which Logan possesses to-day, was first opened for business Feb. 28, 1S67. On the 31st of December preceding, a meeting of a number of the business men had been held, at which it was unanimously agreed to organize an independent bank in Logan with a capital of .$25,- 000. More than the entire amount was soon subscribed, but with a view to distributing the stock as much as possible a committee was appointed to receive applications for stock, limited to the citi- zens of Hocking County. This committee agreed upon and pub- lished terms of subscription, the first three of which were as follows: First — The capital will be $25,000, divided into two hundred and fifty shares of $100 each. Second — The affairs of the bank will be managed by a Board of Directors chosen by the stockholders, who will be entitled to one vote for every share of stock held by them. Third — Payments in stock will be received in cash or United States bonds of any kind, at their current value at the time of pay- ment. Among the heavier stockholders were: G. W. Pullen, G. Bu- hant, D. Little, A. W. Beery, L. A. Culver and others. L. A. Culver was elected President at the first election of officers, hav- ing remained in the position continuously up to the present time. F. Blasius was elected first Cashier, but he retired in June, 186S, when W. C. Rerhen was elected in his stead. He remained in the position until January, 1881, when he retired, and A. D. Houston, the present Cashier, was elected. Jan. 21, 1874, the capital stock- was increased to $50,000, the additional stock being taken princi- pally by the old stockholders. The stock is owned by eight- een partners, including some of the wealthiest men in the town and county, representing an individual liability of not less than $400,000. A feature of this bank well worthy of remark is the efficiency of its vault and safe as a place of deposit, which it would seem would HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 909 securely retain any treasure under all circumstances short or" an absolute miracle. The safe itself, an unique $2,200 piece of furni- ture of the latest and most approved pattern, is, in effect, a solid box of steel, equipped with a time-lock and appliances for closing so as to be perfectly air-tight. The vault within which the safe is set is built of large stones all bolted together, and extends fourteen feet below the surface. NEWSPAPERS. The Hocking Sentinel. — The first newspaper published in Logan was the Hocking Republican, a five column paper, Democratic in politics, of which David Wirick was editor, publisher, printer, pressman, roller boy and devil. This commenced in the summer of 1838, the exact date cannot be ascertained. This paper was very poorly supported, and during the exciting political canvass of 1S40 the editor assumed to support the Whig candidate for one or two weeks and thus lost nearly all of the then few subscribers and he was compelled to abandon the enterprise. His failure was any- thing but encouraging to others to attempt to locate here, and for nearly two years Logan was without a press. June 10, 1842, S. W. Tucker and Robert Wright formed a partnership and purchased the press and materials used in the Republican office and gave life to the Hocking Sentinel, and issued their first paper June 24. Mr. Wright, however, soon became dissatisfied and withdrew. Mr. Tucker continued to publish the paper until Jan. 14, 1S43, at which time John Atkinson and J. R. Good became editors and proprie- tors. On May 27, 1S43, John Atkinson became sole editor and proprietor, but in a short time it reverted to the hands of the orig- inal owner, S. W. Tucker, and remained in his possession most of the time until January, 1S44. It was purchased then by Flavius Case, who conducted it through the memorable Polk campaign. Jan. 1, 1845, Judge Oakley Case became the owner of the office, and carried it on alone until Sept. 9, 1846, when Luther S. Bort became part owner, in which he continued until 1848. About this lime Mr. Case purchased the press upon which the Star Spangled Banner had been printed, and placing it in his office, the Sentinel appeared in an enlarged form. May 3, 1S53, the paper was again enlarged and D. II. Boush became nominally associated, and the paper appeared under the names of O. Case & Co., Publishers, till Jan. 13, 1856, when it was again carried on solely by Judge Case for about one year. He then sold it to J. B. Grogan in 010 BISTORT? OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1857, who continued in control till 1S59, when he too closed his connection with the paper. It next appeared under the name of C. M. Gould, editor and publisher. July 3, 1S63, Wm. C. Gould assumed control as editor and publisher. April 13, 1S65, C. M. Gould returned to Logan and again became editor and publisher. Sept. 16, 1869, Charles D. Elder purchased the paper and contin- ued its publication until April 25, 1872, when it was purchased by its present owner, Lewis Green. In 1876 Mr. Green relin- quished the editorship, which was assumed b} r A. H. Wilson. In January, 1877, the paper was published by Lewis Green and Will- iam A. Hoshor, under firm name of Green & Iloshor, Mr. A. H. Wilson's valedictory appearing in the issue of Jan. 4, 1877. It continued under the charge of the above firm for some two years, Mr. Lewis Green becoming again sole proprietor in July, 1S79. The paper has for many years been considered the leading and most influential Democratic paper in the valley, and it is likely to hold the position as long as it remains in the hands of its present pro- prietor. Rocking Valley Republican. — In the fall of 1848 the Rocking Valley Republican, a paper advocating the principles of the Whig party, began its career with John A. Brown as editor and L. S. Bort as publisher. The publication was continued here until the fall of the year 1850, when, upon the organization of the county of Vinton, it was removed to Mc Arthur. The Morning Star, a Whig paper, was started Aug. 1, 1852. edited by C. V. Culver, and published by J. K. Rochester. The name of this paper was afterward changed to the Socking County Star. Its publication was continued until Sept. 12, 1853. when this Star set, and the materials were consolidated with the Rocking Sentinel. The second Rocking Valley Republican came into existence in the fall of 1S55, published by James K. Rochester and George W. Ilankisson, and edited by F. A. B. Simpkins. During the year of 1857 Charles E. M. Jennings was engaged as editor. Afterward the office passed into the hands of W. J. Luttridge and J. H. Somers, who published the same for a few months, when they disposed of it to J. C. S. Miller, who was a little more suc- cessful than his predecessors and continued in its publication for several months. Oct. 20, 1859. David A. Miller purchased an interest HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 911 in the office, and they continued their partnership until Nov. 24, 1S59, when Dr. Jacob L. Myers purchased the interest of J. C. S. Miller, and he and David A. Miller entered into partnership and continued the publication of the paper, Dr. Myers acting as editor. April 7, I860, L. S. Bort took possession of the office as Receiver in the case of Wm. Gallagher against W. J. Lottridge, J. II. Som- ers, J. K. Rochester, J. L.. Myers, David A. Miller, and J. C. S. Miller, which suit was brought upon a chattel mortage upon the materials of the office. Under the Receiver the office was leased to David A. Miller, who, in May, ls60, began the publication in his own name, and Dr. N. Dalton, acting editor, which continued until 1861, when the office was sold to Dr. H. Scott. At the dissolution of the partnership of Myers & Miller, Dr. Myers procured another press and materials, and during the month of April, 1860, commenced the publication of the Republican Press, of which he was both editor and proprietor. Jan. 24, 1S61, Dr. II. Scott became the owner of both the Hocking Valley Republican and the Republican Press and the two papers were consolidated and issued under the title of the Logan Record and Monitor and soon after Dr. J. L. Myers became editor and publisher. The publication of this paper lasted only about one year. The Logan Journal made its appearance Aug. 1, 186S, with Ju- lius Smith as editor. This enterprise lasted only about six months. The Logan Republican. — The first copy of this paper was issued July 15, 1869, with Colonel F. Montgomery as editor, and through his indomitable perseverance and energy he placed it upon permanent footing and continued its publication -until April 1, 1875. It was then purchased and published by D. Montague and Oliver A. Keth until Nov. 1, 1876, when M. C. Keth became sole proprietress, and A. Keth & Son, publishers. The Hocking Democrat was started Aug. 6, 1S63, on the mate- rial used for the Record and Monitor, and continued during the campaign. It was edited by James R. Grogan and published by II. Scott, Jr., and William Myers. The Hocking Valley Gazette, a weekly paper published at Lo- gan, was founded in February, -1877, by F. S. Pursell and A. II. Brook, the first number of the paper bearing date of Feb. 21, 1877. Brook remained in connection with the paper only a few weeks, and since his retirement the paper has been edited and con- trolled entirely by F. S. Pursell. It has always been strictly Re- 912 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. publican in politics, and in size is a four-page, eight-column paper, never having changed in either of these particulars. The paper has been ably edited, the sarcastic wit of its editor having been frequently republished in other newspapers. It has always taken a prominent part in politics, State as well as local, and is to be credited with being the first public organ to announce and urge the name of Charles Foster for Governor at his first nomination, and also the first to put before the public the name of Judge Fora- ker for the nomination in 18S3. MANUFACTORIES. The Motherwell Iron and Steel Company. — The well-known Motherwell works were originally established at Lancaster, Ohio, in 1S67, by the three Motherwell brothers, James, Robert and Will- iam. The first products' of the shop were shovels and scrapers, the firm name being " Motherwell Brothers." In 1874, the business having proved a success, the works were enlarged and a stock com- pany formed under the incorporate name of the "Motherwell Iron Works." The business constantly increased, investments enlarged, and finally, in 1SS1, it was found that new and larger buildings would be required. About this time, the greater part of the stock being held by Logan capitalists, a reorganization of the company was effected under their present name in which L. A. Culver, of Logan, was made president, and it was decided to build the new shops at this place. Accordingly, in the summer of 1882 the pres- ent buildings near the C, II. V. & T. Railway were built, in which were placed new and improved machinery. The machine-shop is a fine brick structure 200 x 50 feet in size and three stories high. Adjoining this is the engine-house, also of brick, the foundry, a brick building GO x 50 feet, a warehouse also 60x50 feet, and an office building. These works produce agricultural implements to a considerable extent, but make a specialty of the manufacture of iron building materials, especially for court-houses and jails. These products find a market principally in the Western and Southwestern States. About forty men are employed at present in connection with these works, but their full capacity will require about seventy men. The establishment is superintended at present by Robert Motherwell. The Logan Manufacturing Company was constituted in Febru- ary, 1867, by A. Houston, Michael Kreig, D. White, A. B. Butin, and E. G. Collins, and was known by the firm name of Houston, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 913 Kreig & Co. They took contracts for building houses and manu- factured furniture. In 1873, during the month of September, the present incorporated company was chartered according to the laws of the State of Ohio as a stock company, the stockholders being A. Houston, D. White, J. A. Murphy, A. B. Butin and M. Kreig, with A. Houston, President, and D. White, Secretary and Treasurer. The present officers are: M. Kreig, President; D. White, Secretary and Treasurer. The present 'stockholders are: D. White and son, M. Kreig and son, Thomas Rochester and Adam Lutz. M. Kreig is the general superintendent; John Strentz, su- perintendent of the carpentry department; Joseph Fickel, super- intendent of the cabinet department; Charles Eisle, superintendent of the finishing department, and David Graves, superintendent of the machinery. This extensive manufactory is located on the south side, and near the east end of Front street. They em- ploy thirty hands constantly, and have a large and increasing busi- ness. They sell principally to dealers of Ohio, Indiana and Pennsylvania. They also manufacture doors, sash, blinds, win- dows and door frames, moldings, and in fact everything usually made by first-class building,' establishments. This enterprising firm also is doing an extensive undertaking business. The main building is a large frame, adjoining which is a large and generally well-filled lumberyard, lying between Front street and the canal. The Logan FurnHurt Company is an incorporated body doing business under the corporate laws of Ohio, charter dating June 16, 1880, having a capital stock of $30,000, divided into shares of $100 each, and having business offices in Logan and Columbus. The organization at this time is represented by J. B. Hamilton, President; A. M. Houston, Manager, and A. D. Hous- ton, Secretary and Treasurer. The Logan buildings used exclusively for manufacturing the unfinished, goods (the staining, varnish- ing and polishing rooms being located in Columbus) are situ- ated on the south bank of the Hocking Canal, in Gallagher and Friesner's addition, occupying in buildings and yard a frontage of about 390 feet on Gallagher avenue, and extending back about 800 feet. The main building, exclusive of the boiler house is 80 x 40 feet, four stories high, constructed of brick. There is a two-story attachment on the north, 50 x 30 feet, also of brick. On the first floor is located the motive power, a forty-two horse-power steam engine, of Greenwood & Sons make. An iron shaft extends 100 feet along and almost the entire length of the combined bottom story. 58 914 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. This shaft is thronged with band-wheel pullies, connecting and pro- pelling the machinery throughout the entire factory. The boiler furnishing steam for the engine, also heating the establishment and drying lumber, is twenty-four feet in length and fort} T -eight in- ches in diameter. On the first floor are located an immense surface planer, an edger, a cut off, two circular rip saws and one combined re-sawing machine. Various kinds of machinery occup}' the sec- ond floor. On the third and fourth floors the work is 'put together, also the veneering of fine goods and the inlaying of drawer fronts and panels. Forty-five laborers are employed in this factory. This company makes a specialty of the manufacture of bureaus, wash-stands and bedsteads. They have no retail establishment in Logan, but sell their work from their Columbus house at whale- sale. Mr. A. D. Houston, Cashier of the People's Bank, is Secre- tary and Treasurer of the firm. They complete and ship from two to three car loads of furniture daily. The company's Colum- bus works and salesrooms are in extent, 125 x 65 feet, built of brick, three stories high, and are presided over by A. M. Houston, gen- eral manager. Their goods are sold in nearly every State west of the Alleghenies, doing an annual business of $60,000. Ressler's Factory is located on the northwest corner of Main street and Gallagher avenue, office and salesrooms on the south- west corner of Main and Spring streets. This business was estab- lished on the 10th day of June, 1879, by Frank Kessler, who still owns and conducts it. Mr. Kessler manufactures doors, sash, blinds, moldings, furniture and culinary safes. \ The shop employs ten laborers. The Hocking Valley Fire Brick Company, of Logan, was estab- lished in December, 1880, with $10,000 capital* W. Q. Adams was elected President, It. Jenkins,Vice-President, and Charles E. Bowen, Secretary. The capital stock was divided into shares of $100 each. The business is the manufacture of all kinds of fire-brick for furnace lining, cake ovens, etc. In July, 18S0, the capital was increased to $20,000 and in the following year to $50,000, when a branch was established at Portsmouth, Ohio, for the same business. The works at Logan employ about sixty men, the ca- pacity being 2,500,000 bricks per year. The manufactured bricks are shipped principally to Chicago, Joliet, Milwaukee and other Northwestern cities. J The clay consumed here is found principally in Hocking County. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 915 Foundry and Machine Shop. — This establishment, situated near the canal bridge on Front street, is one of the oldest manufacturing enterprises of Logan. Its growth from a modest beginning to its present proportions, has been under the care of and due to the care- ful and able management of Mr. Raymond Belt, its present owner. Situated as it is, in the heart of a rich coal and iron region, with the best shipping facilities, this shop is eminently in place, and the enterprise well chosen. The Logan Woolen Mill. — This industry was established in Logan in 1861, by J. E. Tritsch, who lias been the sole proprietor to the present time. He at that time, having purchased the building formerly used for a flouring mill by William Dewar, placed in it one set of machinery. Another set of cards has since been added, giving it 400 spindles, two broad looms and seven narrow looms. The machinery consumes about 150 pounds of wool per day, re- quiring ten hands. The owner makes a specialty of yarns and blankets, but manufactures also doeskins, [cashmeres, satinets, leans and flannels. The machinery is run by steam power. Stzers's Packing House, of Logan, was founded by Isaac Stiers in 1878, with a capacity of 1,000,000 pounds annually. Mr. Stiers was the first to venture into an enterprise of this character at Logan, and had many obstacles to encounter, but has been eminently suc- cessful. He annually kills 1,200 hogs. He also deals in wool, handling from 80,000 to 100,000 pounds annually. His pork is consumed in the Hocking Valley. LODGES. Hockhocking Council, No. 39, R. & S. M. — This organization was formed Oct. 13, 1866, with the following charter members, with designations following those holding the first offices. O. Case, T. I. G. M. ; G. W. Pullen, D. I. G. M.; Andrew J. Smith, P. C. W. ; W. S. Friesner, C. G. ; Wm. F. James, Recorder; Augustus Steinman, Treasurer; John Angle, Sentinel; L. S. Bortand Charles C. Hart. This lodge has been in continuous and successful opera- tion since its establishment. It has at the present time about forty members, the following of whom hold the offices at present: C. W James, Sr., T. I. M. ; J. E. Butin, D. I. M. ; R. S. Van Atta, P. C. AY.: W. S. Friesner, C. G. ; Lloyd Myers, C. C; J. P. Cooap, Steward; C. E. Bowen, Treasurer; O. W. H. Wright, Secretary; and D. Finnefrock, Sentinel. Stated communications first Tuesday in each month. 916 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Logan Chapter, No. 75, B. A. M., was organized March 13, 1857, under a dispensation. A charter was obtained the following Oct. 17, when the lodge was composed of the following officers and members: D. A. Hoffman, H. P.; E. P. Talpy, K. ; O. Case, S. L. S. Bort, C. H.; J. Beaize, P. S.; T. D. Martindale, R. A. C. L. Ilutchins, M. 3 V.; J. A. Smith, M. 2 V. ; D. Little, M. V. N. Dalton, Treasurer; O. V. Culver, Secretary; D. Finne frock, Guard, and E. W. Van Bibber. This lodge has stated communica- tions Friday evenings after each full moon, and has at present about eighty active members. The following are the present officers: W. S. Friesner, H. P.; L. Myers, K.; J. E. Butin, S.; 11. S. Van Atta, C. H.; C. W. James, Sr., P. S.; J. H. Rochester, R. A. C; J. E. Tritscb, M. 3 V.; W. II. McClintock, M. 2 V.; C. E. Bowen, Treas- urer; O. W. H. Wright, Secretary, and D. Finnefrock, Guard. Mingo Lodge, No. 171, F. <& A. M., is the oldest lodge in Lo- gan; was established Dec. 19, 1818. The lodge was organized under a dispensation, and so continued until Oct. 19, 1819, when a charter was obtained on which the following names appear as charter members: John A. Smith, Reuben Culver, John Borland, Robert D. Smith, Gilbert Bishop, Nicholas Dalton, Daniel Finne- frock, J. "W . Rochester, D. A. Hoffman, L. S. Bort and L. C. Krider. The first officers elected were: D. A. Hoffman, W. M.; L. Ilutchins, S. W.; Daniel Finnefrock, J. W.; R. Culver, Treasurer; John Borland, Secretary; J. A. Smith, S. D.; L. S. Bort, J. D., and J. W. Rochester, Tyler. William Nelson was the first initiated, B. P. Hewett the second, D. W. Crook the third, and Joseph McGee the fourth. The lodge has at present about 113 members. The present officers are : L. Myers, W. M.; A. A. Price, S. W. ; W. II. McClintock, J. W.; C. E. Bowen, Treasurer; O. W. II. Wright, Secretary; R. S. Van Atta, S. D.; M. A. Kreig, J. D., and Daniel Finnefrock, T. Mineral Encampment, No. 91, 1. 0. 0. F. — This encamp- ment was instituted June 6, 1866, with the following charter members: CM. Gould, C. P.; John W. Work, H. P.; Zara McDaniel, S. W. ; James D. Poston, J. W.; Warren Locke, Sec- retary. ;uid Henry Kern, Treasurer. It has at present eighty-nine members officered as follows: D. Finney, C. P.; S. Feigley, H. P.; R. O. Kaynes, S. AY.; J. E. Brown, J." W, and R. O. Kittsmil- ler, Sr. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 91' Hocking Valley Lodge, JVb. 262, /. 0. 0. F., situated at Lo- gan, was instituted Feb. 1, 1855, by P. G. Bope, a Special Dep- uty. The charter members were: William M. Moore, Joseph H. Elder, John W. Brice, Samuel P. Officer and D. Maynard. The first initiate into this society after its organization was C. Y. Culver, and John W. Work was the second. The lodge has had a strong and prosperous history, numbering at the present time 174 men in its membership. The present officers are : R. O. Kaynes, N. G. ; John C. Crow, Y. G.; John F. Sanderson, E. S., and D. Finney, P. S. Logan Lodge ,No. 119, Knights of Pythias, was organized Dec. 17, 1879, and chartered May 27, 1880, with thirty-one charter members. The following were the first officers of the lodge : EL A. Butin, P. C.;K. C. Sanderson, C. C. ; John C. Crow, Y. C; R. O. Kittsmiller, P.; A. II. Brook, K. of R. and S.; D. A. Mil- ler, M. of F.; I. N. Collins, M. of E., and W. A. Butin, M. at A. This lodge has been very prosperous, having at present about sixty- five gool active men. As an evidence of its flourishing condition it sends about $29 annually to the State Lodge besides meeting promptly all of its own obligations. The present officers are: R. W. Kaynes, P. C. ; T. K Collins, C. C; William H.Hanson, Y. C; L. E. Douglass, P.; John Strentz, M. of F.; R. O. Kitts- miller, M. of E.; Charles Price, K. of R. and S. ; M. A. Kreig, M. at A. CHAPTER XXXVI. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF FALLS TOWNSHIP, INCLUDING FALLS-GORE AND CITY OF LOGAN. James Nelson Acker, Deputy Probate Clerk of Hocking County, was born near old Straitsville, Perry Co., Ohio, Nov. 22, 1851. He lived with his parents, W. T. and Mary E. (Rosser) Acker, at his native place, Nelsouville and Logan until manhood, receiving an education in the common schools. At the age of eighteen years he began to learn the shoemaker's trade, which he followed till 1S75. In the spring of 1876 he was elected Consta- ble, serving in that capacity two years. In the fall of 1876 he was elected Coroner of Hocking County, which office he resigned in the fall of 1877 to accept that of Sheriff of Hocking County. He was re-elected "Sheriff in 1879, serving two terms. In May, 1882, he was deputized by his father, Probate Judge of Hocking County, Probate Clerk, his present position. May 31, 1S76, he was married to Miss Effie Tannyhill, of Logan, by whom he has one child — Mary Blanch. He and wife are members of the Meth- odist Episcopal church of Logan. Hon. William Trimmer Acker, son of Henry and Maria (Trim- mer) Acker, was born July 21, 1827, near Black Creek Corners, Allegany County, N. Y., where he lived till he was thirteen years old, when his parents removed to Ohio, settling in Ward Township, Hocking County (then Athens County). He was reared on a farm and educated in the common district schools, and at the age of twenty he began to work as a coal miner, but after three yeara he went on a farm and pursued funning five years, lie again en- gaged in coal mining for the following nine years. In the fall of 1863 he was elected Sheriff of Hocking County, and re-elected in 1865, serving four years, lie was elected Representative of his county in the Ohio State General Assembly, and was re-elected two years later, serving two terms. While he was Sheriff he studied law nearly two years under J. R. Grogan, of Logan, and was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court at Columbus in 1S68. He began the practice of law at Logan, and is still a member of (918) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 019 the bar of Hocking County. He was elected Probate Judge of Hocking County in the fall of 1872, and has held that office two successive terms of three years each, and in 1881 he was again elected, and is now an incumbent of that office. He has also held the positions of Township Clerk and Justice of the Peace. March 18, 1849, he was married to Miss Mary Elizabeth Rosser, of Athens County. They have had eight children, five of whom are living. The last three all died in infancy. Those who survive are — James Nelson, Deputy Probate Clerk; Mary Jane, wife of Asbury Voris. of Logan; William Henry, a printer at Logan; Sarah Cath- erine, wife of Christopher C. Guergeriesmier, a cabinet-maker of Logan, and Harriet Louisa. Mr. Acker is an Odd Fellow of Hock- ing Yalley Lodge, No. 262, at Logan, of which he is Past Grand, and is also Past Worthy Patriarch of Mineral Encampment, No. 91, at Logan. Morrison H. Ambrose, proprietor of the Rempel House, is a native of Ohio, and was born near Tiffin, Seneca County, Dec. 9, 1839. He remained on his father's farm in Seneca County, attend- ing school winters until twenty-three, when he went to Lancaster, Ohio, and was employed as superintendent and clerk in the Tal- mage Hotel; remained here until August, 1871, when he located in Logan and opened the American House. In 1875 Mr. Ambrose remodeled the American House and changed the name to the Rem- pel House. He has remodeled this house from time to time, and at present it ranks among the best hotels of the valley. Mr. Ambrose married Miss Ella Flemm, at Lancaster, Nov. 10, 1868. She was the daughter of C. Flemm, one of the pioneer hotel men, and proprietor of the old Talmage House, of Lancaster. He died April 22, 1877. He was a native of Germany, and came to Amer- ica when a young man. Mr. Ambrose was the eldest son of Fred- erick W. and 'Jane (Morrison) Ambrose, his father a native of Westmoreland County, Pa., and his mother of Maryland. His father died in April, 1871, and his mother in 1849. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They had a family of three sons and four daughters, two sons and two daughters now living. Mr. Ambrose is a Mason, member of Lancaster Lodge, No. 57. He is agent for the Mutual Life Insurance Company, of New York. He is one of the pioneer hotel men of the valley, an active business man, and has been identified with Logan since 1871. In politics he has always been a Republican. He deals extensively in real estate, and has built and- owns quite a numbsr of fine residences. 920 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Charles Pemberton Armstrong^ son of William and Margaret J. (Lacy) Armstrong, was born in Logan, May 14, 1849. He was reared in his native place and received his education in the public school. His father being a dealer in tinware, our subject in early boyhood began to work as a tinner, and in 1877 he entered his father's shop, working as a hand until his father's death, which occurred Feb. 12, 1883, since when he has taken charge of the business for his mother. Thomas Edwin Baker, junior member of the firm of Work & Baker, stove and tinware merchants of Logan, was born in Lan- caster, Ohio, July 14, 1828, where he was reared. He is the eldest of five sons of Luman and Sarah Ann (Hart) Baker, with whom he lived till he was fifteen years old, when he became apprenticed to John McClelland to learn the tinner's trade, at which he served till his nineteenth year. He then went to Columbus, Ohio, and worked as a journeyman for one year, after which he worked for six months at Newark, Ohio. In the fall of 1849 he went to Bainbridge, Ross Co., Ohio, where he held the position of foreman in the shop of Grove W. Penny until the following spring, when he came to Logan and engaged with his father in the stove and tinware business, the firm name being T. E. Baker & Co. In 1852 his father retired from the firm, and he carried on the business alone till 1857, when he sold out to G. M. Webb & Co., being employed by them as a jour- neyman until July, 1862. He was then commissioned First Lieu- tenant by Governor Tod, and assisted in recruiting Company G, Ninetieth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he went into service and served in the front until July, 1863, when he was wounded in the foot at Stone River, which disabled him. In De- cember, 1S62, he was ordered to a convalescent hospital at Jeffer- sonville, Ind., where he remained until October, 1863, when a veteran reserve corps was organized of the convalescents, and he was ordered out as Captain of Company G, Seventeenth Regiment Reserved Corps, he having been promoted to Captain in June, 1863, serving with his company on guard duty at Indianapolis until October, 1864. He participated in the battles of Perry ville, Stone River and several less important skirmishes, and in October, 1864, resigned his commission and returned to Logan. In March, 1865, he formed a partnership with Robert R. Work in his pres- ent business. He was married Oct. 10, 1850, to Miss Mary D. Tow- ers, of Lancaster, by whom he has had nine children, six of whom are living,, viz.: Frances Mary, wife of George Mumford, of Logan; HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 921 Annie E., wife of George Brash ears, of Straitsville; Lnnian E., Hamden Culver, Gertrude and Nellie W. The deceased ones were: John Borland, who died at the age of twenty-four years; Sallie Alice, wife of A. Petti t, of Troy, Ohio, who died at twenty- one years of age, and Louisa, who died aged three years. Mr. Baker has served as Councilman of Logan. He is a Master, Royal Arch and Council Mason, and member of the lodge, chapter and coun- cil at Logan. He is a charter member of J. K. Rochester Post, No. 140, G. A. R., of Logan. He and wife are members of the First Presbyterian Church of Logan, of which he is a Trustee. Abraham Washington Beery, a Director of the People's Bank, Logan, was born near Staunton, Rockingham Co., Va., Dec. 12, 1799, a son of John and Margaret (Shafer) Beery. In 1805 his parents came to Ohio and settled six miles east of Lancaster, Fair- field Count}', where he was reared. April 20, 1820, he married Elizabeth Miracle, of Fairfield County, and settled on a farm. In 1826, in connection with farming, he ran a six-horse freight team from Lancaster to Baltimore and Cincinnati. In 1831 he sold his farm and team, and removed to Perry County, and in 1836 came to Hocking County, and bought 300 acres of land near Logan, soon after buj T ing 200 acres more. He improved it all, and with farm- ing engaged also in stock-raising. In 1812 he was elected Treas- urer of Hocking County, and removed to Logan. He held the office four years, and at the end of that time returned to his farm. In 1852 he divided his farm with his sons, and returned to Logan and engaged in the grocery business. In 1856 he retired from all business^ except banking. April 17, 1858, his wife died, leaving thirteen children, only two of whom are now living — Sim- eon and Amos. July 11, 1858, he married Elizabeth McFadden, of Hocking County. At the organization of the First Bank of Logan he was one of the stockholders and was elected a Director. When the People's Bank was organized he was also a stockholder and was elected Vice-President, resigning in 1882 on account of defect- ive hearing. Mr. and Mrs. Beery are members of the Presbyterian church. He is a member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. & A. M. Raymond Belt. — Mr. Belt's parentage on the father's side was purely English. When Wm. Claibourn, in the year 1632, erected a trading post on " Kent's Island " in the Chesapeake Bay, near the site of the city of Baltimore, with a little colony, it was in part comprised of Benjamin and Humphries Belt, from County York, East Riding, England. In a few years after their arrival, Benjamin 922 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Belt became dissatisfied, returned to the mother country, leaving his brother Humphries, the progenitor of this branch of the Belt family, behind." John Belt, the father of Raymond Belt, was born in Prince Georges County, Maryland, in 1769, the generation of Belts, from Humphries down, having resided in and around Balti- more since 1632. In 1775 John Belt, with his father's family, emigrated to the State of Pennsylvania, and in 1794, at the age of twenty-five years, married Miss Elizabeth Bumgardner. In 1S04, with his small family, he emigrated to the State of Ohio, set- tling in Licking County, on a farm near Newark, the county seat. Here Raymond, the youngest of a family of ten, was born March 4, 1S19. He pursued the calling of a husbandman until he was of the age of twenty-three years, receiving in the meantime a good common-school education, such as was imparted in that day and age by the pedagogues of district 'schools. In 1S42 Mr. Belt commenced working at the carpenter's trade in the little village of Van Attasburg, in Licking County, and being ingenious, and of a mechanical turn of mind, soon mastered the rudiments and was pronounced a complete workman in wood. Van Attasburg contain- ing an iron foundry, plow-making was 'carried on to a considerable extent; in the stocking or wooding of plows, handy, ingenious workmen were required, and Mr. Belt's well-known mechanical ideas soon called him to that branch of wood manufacturing busi- ness. After working about two years in Van Attasburg he re- moved to Toledo, Ohio; remained there one year and returned to the burg once more, remaining and carrying on for himself and building up the business of the village, until the spring of 1S46, when he pulled up stakes and moved his plow-stocking business to the then village of Logan. There, being no foundry in Logan at that time, Mr. Belt transported the iron fixings for his plows from Van Attasburg, by wagon, across the county, a distance of over fifty miles, until the idea suggested itself that castings could be manu- factured at Logan as cheap as any other point in Ohio, all that was wanting was the facilities for so doing, and being a man of nerve as well as practical mechanic, he, in L848, associating with himself Robert Van Atta.a thorough molder and foundryman, they immedi- ately proceeded I" erect the first foundry and machine shop in the valley of the ffockhocking, which proved a great success. Oct. 1, IMS Mr. Belt married Bliss Susan Guthrie, of Zanesville, O., for- merly of Baltimore, Md. Mr. licit continued the foundry business as a copartnership business until I860, when he became the sole owner. HTSTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 923 The same year Mr. Belt assumed the business alone he enlarged the capacity of the works, manufacturing not only plows, but machinery of every description iron could be formed into, manu- facturing during the war great numbers of iron cane mills, and that with the increasing demand of every thing in his line made for him, during these .years, an independency so far as worldly goods were concerned. In 1873 the main machine shop building and a portion of the foundry were destroyed by tire, causing considerable loss, but Mr Belt, with that indomitable energy characteristic of the man, im- mediately commenced building again on a more extensive scale, this time using stone, brick and iron for building material, instead of wood. Completing the outer works, he filled the establishment with the latest and most improved machinery, continued the busi- ness, increasing it year by year, until to-day we find him conduct- ing the most prosperous machine and foundry works in Southern Ohio. During the wedded life of Mr. Belt five children have been born unto him, four of whom are still living, two of each sex, and all grown up to manhood and womanhood, six grandchildren being already added to the family list. Andrew Blum, farmer, second son of Martin and Jacobine E., nee Sheine, Blum, was born near Stuttgart, Wurtemberg, Ger- many, Sept. 28, 1827. When three; years of age he came with his parents to the United States and settled near Hanover, Penn., where they lived three years and then removed to Thorn Township, Perry Co., Ohio, and resided nine years. They then came to Laurel Township, Hocking County, near Gibisonville. Mr. Blum has been engaged in farming since twenty-one years of age. \\\ February, 1S73, he came to Falls Township where he has since re- sided. Aug. 15, L848, he married Sarah, daughter of Solomon and Barbara A. (Fought) Kline, of Elocking County. They have twelve living children — Margaret, wife of Henry Miller, of Laurel Township; Jacobine E., wife of George Miller, of Washington Township; Barbara A., wife of John Risch, of Good Eope Town- ship; Abraham, .Mary, Solomon. Caroline, Samuel, Ella, John II., Emma and George. Andrew died in infancy in Van Wert County. Mr. and Mrs. Blum are members of the Lutheran church. Luther Stone Bort^ insurance agent, Logan, Ohio, was born near Chautauqua Lake, Chautauqua Co.. N. V.. July 18, 1818. When he was quite small he removed with his parents, Barnard II. and Polly (Dewey) Bort, to Erie, Pa., with whom he lived until he was 924 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. fourteen years of age, and till then had received but a meager ed- ucation. On leaving home he went to Ravenna, Ohio, where he learned the printer's trade with his uncle, Colonel N. Laurin Dewey, being with him four years. He then worked in different offices of that place until 1840, when he came to Columbus, Ohio, and was employed in the Statesman office during 1840 and '41. In June, 1841, he came to Logan and permanently settled, where he was employed as foreman in the Hocking Sentinel office, he issuing the first number of that paper. In 1845 he purchased a half in- terest in the same paper, which he owned until 1847, when he sold out, and in that year established the Rocking Valley Repub- lican, which he owned and published until 1S50, when he removed his paper to McArthur, Vinton County, where he published it until 1853. He then sold out and returned to Logan and was em- ployed as clerk, and assistant manager of the Logan Furnace Com- pany until 186.0. He then removed to St. Louis, Mo., and remained until the breaking out of the Rebellion, when he returned to Logan, where he has since been variously employed. In 1861 he was elected Assistant Assessor of Hocking County serving three or four years. In the spring of 1882 he was elected Justice of the Peace of Falls Township, and is now the incumbent of that office. Nov. 14, 1843, he was married to Sallie Ann Case, of Logan, by whom he has three living children — Laurin L. and William F., both book- keepers for W. B. Brooks & Son, of Nelsonville, Ohio, and Lucius O., a clerk in the drug store of Miller .& Case, at Logan. They have lost five by death — two in infancy, two between five and twelve, and one who had reached maturity. Mr. Bort is a Master, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason. Charles Edward Bowen, son of Mead and Lucy (Drake) Bowen, was born at Logan, Oct. 7, 1839, where he was reared, being edu- cated in the common and select schools till his fourteenth year, when he began clerking in the store of Crooks & Ijams, remain- ing there three years. He then clerked in different stores in Logan until he was twenty-one, when he was appointed Cashier of the Citizens' Bank, of Logan. In 1863 he became a stockholder in the First National Bank of Logan, of which he was elected a Director and Cashier, retaining that position until July 14, 1881, when the First National Bank surrendered its char- ter and reorganized as a private institution under the name of the •First Bank of Logan. He was a stockholder of this bank and was again elected a Director. April 5, 1S77, he was married to Lucy HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 925 E., youngest daughter of John Rochester, of Logan. They have three children whose names are — Francis Mead, Eveline and John Rochester. He and wife are members of the First Presbyterian Church of Logan. He is a Master, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason, and member of the lodge, chapter and council, at Logan, and Commandery No. 2, at Lancaster, and is Treasurer of the lodge, chapter and council at Logan. In Decem- ber, 1860, Mr. Bowen was appointed City Treasurer to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John Rochester, which office he has ever since held by re-elections. William Mead Bowen was born in Logan, Hocking Co., Ohio, April 13, 1S30, being the eighth child and eldest son of a family ot eleven children, an only brother being the eleventh child. Mead Bowen, the father of W. M. Bowen, was of Welsh extraction, born in Talbot County, Md., Jan. 3, 1782. Having removed to Fred- erick County, Va., in 1810, he was married to Miss Lucy Drake, a daughter of Francis Drake, an Englishman, and lineal descendant of Sir Francis Drake, the famous English navigator of Queen Eliz- abeth's time. In the year 1816 the Elder Bowen removed from the valley in Virginia, crossing the Allegheny Mountains with his small family, consisting of his wife and two children, in a two. wheeled vehicle, then known as a gig or carryall, landing on Ohio soil in the month of June the same year, stopping tempora- rily at the small village of Westfall, Pickaway County, where his brother Isaac resided, having preceded him to Ohio several years before. In the month of June, 1817, Mead Bowen moved for the last time, landing in the wilderness where Logan now stands on the 7th day of the month, and residing in the same community until his death in 1S77, being then nearly ninety-six years of age. "W. M. Bowen springs from a family notable for longevity, his father living nearly ninety-six years and mother till eighty-nine years of age. The early life of W. M. Bowen was spent, in winter, attending such subscription or so-called district schools, as a coun- try village could afford, changing masters and books almost every term, and in summer about his father's shop, his father carrying on a cabinet-making and house-joining business, interspersed with hunting, fishing, and the usual routine of fun and frolic always to be found in a backwoods settlement. Advantages for acquiring an education in those early days, such as the youth of this day and generation enjoy, were not known, and when reading, writing and arithmetic, as far as and including the Rule of Three were mastered, 926 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. the youth wore considered competent for any branch of business in life (barring the professions) to which they might be called. At the age of sixteen years young Bowen, having passed through the school ordeal, received a call, that is, his father, having a large fam- ily of children to support, all girls with this single exception, called the youthful graduate into the cabinet and joiner shop, and in- ducted his genius into the mysteries of the practical and profitable use of the saw, plane and hammer. Three years spent in the shop gave a sufficient knowledge to satisfy him that 6ome other kind of business would be more congenial if not more profitable. During his apprenticeship Bowen had applied his leisure hours to the reading of history and study of chemistry, natural philosophy and the higher branches of mathematics. Leaving the shop he entered as clerk in a grocery store. After acting a year or more in this capacity he took a position in a dry -goods store, and Dec. 25, 1851?, being then past twenty-one years of age, was married to Mary Elizabeth Crooks, the daughter of James W. Crooks, an old dry-goods mer- chant of Logan. They have had eight children, six still living — Charles E., Kate B., James M., William M., Vernon G., and Fannie E. In 1851 young Bowen, wishing to obtain a thorough knowledge of double-entry bookkeeping, attended and graduated from Granger's Commercial College, Columbus, Ohio, after having been a married man some three years. On his return from his studies in 1855, he engaged to keep books for the Five Mile Furnace Company. The iron, interest at that time seeming in a healthy condition a small property in Logan was sold and invested in furnace stock. The financial crisis of 1857 came on, iron went to naught, and organized companies followed, leaving penniless those who a few years previous seemed riding on the topmost wave of prosperity. Bowen's stock and earnings went the way of all things tangible, and returning to Logan he for a time engaged in the drug business. In 1858 he accepted a situation as Cashier and bookkeeper in the Citizens' Bank of L >gan,a position he kept until the news of the first battle of Bull Run aroused all the latent patriotism of the individual. Resigning his position as Cashier in favor of his brother Charles, in fourteen days he reported with 103 men, rank, and file, at Camp Chase, the first three years' company raised in the valley. Taking position as Captain he was assigned the second place in the Thirty-first Regiment, Ohio Volunteer In- fantry, that is. Company B. Having at that time never been ex- posed or having had any out-door exercise, and putting his whole HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 927 soul ancT energy in the business of drilling his company for the service, he contracted while in Camp Chase the typhoid fever, and lay all the month of September, 1801, and a portion of October at the point of death. About the 1st of November, same year, hav- ing recovered somewhat from his severe sickness, he reported for duty at Camp Dick Robinson^ Garrard County, Ky. Remained in the service, passing through the campaign of the winters of 1861-'62, the battle of Mill Springs, the occupation of Nashville? and after the battle of Shiloh or Pittsburg Landing, when, having had three several returns of the first attack and completely broken down in health, was forced to resign his position in the army and return home, and for more than one-half year remained an idle invalid. Having regained health somewhat, in the fall of 1862 accepted a position in the Venango Bank, Franklin, Pa., where he removed his family. He continued in business in Franklin until the spring of lSGi; then removed to Corry, Pa., and started the First National Bank of Corry, Pa., with a capital of $100,000, taking the position of Cashier. Having been successful in several oil enterprises Mr. Bowen sold out his banking interests in Corry and pruchased two thirds of the stock of the First National Bank of Logan, whose capital was then $50, 000, and in the summer of 1866 removed, once more returning to his native town, by his own business exertions being well fixed in life. He took charge of the bank as its President, with his brother C. £. Bowen, Cashier. In the spring of 1S06, by the collapsing of a large private bank in New York City, where his bank had a deposit of $29,000, a loss was sustained, falling heavily on him, when he sold his own stock, making the losses good, but losing his prestige as largest owner and President of the same. In the same year he bought in con- nection with E. G. Collins the largest hardware store and business in the valley, and carried on the same for several years under the firm name of E.G. Collins & Co.; bought Mr. Collins's interest after- ward and continued the business under the name of W. M. Bowen and sold to Messrs. James & Bishop in 1S71. Being largely in- terested in fire insurance stock the fire in Chicago cleaned the re- mainder of Mr. Bowen's fortune, he losing in the destruction of property and depreciation in values consequent upon the passage of the Specie Resumption Act over $25,000; yet, nothing despair- ing, he is the same business man as of yore. In politics Mr. Bowen is a Democrat, and in the year 1873 was elected to fill a vacancy in the Sixty-first General Assembly (caused 928 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. by the resignation of Hon. O. Case to accept a position in the Sec- retary of State's office) to represent Hocking County in the Ohio House of Representatives; re-elected again and served through the Sixty-second General Assembly. Previous to that he had served as President of the School Board, and in various other minor po- sitions. He was the pioneer tire-brick business man, having built hugely for the purpose of manufacturing the same when the crash overtook him. He was in every public enterprise, among others started the first Building Association in the valley. He was ad- mitted to the practice of law in April, 1877, and has served as Dep- uty Probate Judge three years, as Township Clerk two years, and in May, 1883, was nominated by the Democracy of Hocking County for the office of Auditor, which is equivalent in this county to an election. William Ribbel Bowlby, senior member of the boot and shoe rirm, W.R. Bowlby & Son, Logan,was born near Belvidere, Warren County, N. J., June 18, 1829, a son of Charles and Rachel (Ribbel) Bowlby. In 1835 his parents came-to Ohio, and settled on a farm near Newark, residing there there till 1811. They then removed to Linnville, remaining there two years, and in 1843 came to Hocking County. William R. remained at home till he attained his majority, and in 1851, having learned the shoemaker's trade, he went to Sugar Grove and started a manufactory, hiring a num- ber of hands. He afterward engaged in the same business in Urbana and Nelsonville, and in 1S55 became permanently estab- lished in Logan. Dec. 24, 1854, he married Miss Jane Smith, of Somerset, Perry Co., Ohio. They have had a family of three children — Kate, Charles and Maggie. The latter died in 1S81, aged fifteen years. Mr. Bowlby was obliged in early life to rely on his own resources, but by honesty and perseverance has accumulated an extensive property. Besides his business house and residence, he owns twenty-three tenement houses, which afford him a good revenue. Politically he is a Republican, and during the war of the Rebellion was a staunch Union man; has cast a vote for every Re- publican President. Mr. Bowlby is a man of sound judgment ami strong will. In all his business dealings he is strictly honest, con- siders his word as binding as his note. Though quick to resent an insult, he is withal a kind, considerate friend, and has done much toward helping others in a business way, and in that way has lost considerable money, very few deeming it necessary to repay what had been given in an hour of need. Mr. Bowlby has always been temperate and industrious. His weight is 213 pounds. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 929 George Washington Brehm, Mayor of Logan and attorney, was born in Laurel Township, ^Hocking County, Ohio, July 14, 1841, where he was reared a farmer, being educated in the district school, and by attending one term at a select school at Lancaster, Ohio. When sixteen years of age he taught the school in his own district, and afterward taught during the winter season twelve years. In 1870 he was appointed Deputy Clerk in the Probate Justice's office, under Hon. George W. Alfred, and filled that position three years, studying law privately during the time. In January, 1872, he was admitted to the bar by the District Court of Hocking County. In 1873 he began the practice of law at Logan, being associated with G. W. Alfred. This partnership continued, with the exception of two years, 1874-'75, till 1880. He has been Mayor of Logan since the spring of 1876. In 1864 he was elected Clerk of Laurel Town- ship, serving till his removal to Loganin 1868. He has been a Justice of the Peace of Falls Township since 1871. In 1867 he was appointed School Examiner of Hocking County, serving till 1876. March 26, 1863, Mr. Brehm married Eliza Snoke, of Fair- field County, who died Dec. 10,1875, leaving five children — Clara A., Frank H., Charles E., Willie E. and Ida E. Sept. 5, 1878, he married Marian Josephine Rhodes, of Orleans County, X. Y. They have two children — Mary and Kate Eliza. Mr. and Mrs. Brehm are members of the Primitive Baptist church. John G. Bright, farmer, cabinet maker, house carpenter and joiner, fifth son of George and Frances (Bowman) Bright, was born near Bremen, Fairfield Co., Ohio, March 28, 1817. When nineteen years of age he removed with his parents to Falls Town- ship, Hocking County. At the age of twenty-one he rented lands of his father. In 1851 he removed to Elkhart County, Ind., and purchased a farm. In 1858 lie sold his farm and returned to Falls Township and purchased a portion of the homestead. Although he did not serve as an apprentice at either of his trades, he has become efficient in both. Jan. 6, 1839, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac and Catharine (Fry) Red, of Marion Township. They have five children — John, Frances (wife of William Fickle), Franklin P., George and Nancy J. (wife of Isaac Wolf), all of Hocking County. Mr. Bright is a member of the Dunkard, or Brethren church. Joseph Leohner Bright was born in Falls Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, Nov. 17, 1841, a son of Joseph B. and Catherine (Leohner) Bright. He was reared a farmer, living with his parents 59 930 his iokv OF BOOKING VALLEY. till manhood. When twenty -one years of age he be'gan teaching, and taught in many of the Hocking County Bchools. From L877 to 1881 lie waa employed to buy ore tor the Franklin Furnace Company, of Columbus, and other furnaces in the Socking Valley. In L88] he was employed- as bookkeeper of the Akron Iron Com. pany, of Athens County, remaining with them till 1883, when he resigned his position. In L876 he was appointed by the Probate Court, County School Examiner of Socking County, holding the position three years, and in L882 was again appointed bo the same office, still holding that position, [n September, L863, Mr. Bright married Margaret Elizabeth Weaver, of Socking County, Ohio. They have had nine children, only five now living, the others dying in infancy -Lucy Alice, Ida May (wife of Henry Smith, of Logan), Mattie I/.ora, Lillie Maud and Jennie Belle. Mr. Bright is a member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. & A. M., Logan. Samuel Hamilton Bright, attorney at law, and senior member of the firm o( Bright & Wright, Logan, was born near Logan, Nov. 0. L841, the second o( two sons o( Samuel S. and Rebecca (Ijams) Bright. He was reared a tanner, commencing his education in the common district schools but finishing it in the Ohio University at Athens. He taught two terms in Socking County, and in April, 1864, enlisted in Company K, Fiftieth Ohio Infantry, to serve three years or during the war, going out as a private. He was de- tailed a Quartermaster's clerk, serving as such till May, L866, when he was promoted to Quartermaster-Sergeant. He was mus- tered out in September. L865, and returned to Hooking County and resumed teaching. In the spring of L866 he entered the Ohio University, attending four terms, and in the fall of 1867 he began the study ot' law in the office of 0. II. Rippey, Logan, and was admitted to the bar by the District Court at Cirojeville, in May, L 869, and at once began the practice of law in Logan. In L872 P. F. Price became associated with him, forming the law firm o\' Bright & Trice. About a year later Mr. Price retired from the firm and in April, 1^7'A O. W. 11. Wright, a former student in his office, became associated with him. In May, 1869, he was appointed United States Revenue Collector for Socking County. The following year the district was enlarged, embracing Socking, Fair- field and Perry counties. -Ian. 1, 1872, Mr. Bright resigned the Colleotorship on account ot his increasing law business. For the last tour years he has been President o[ the Board ot Education of 1. >gan. Feb. 10, 1870, he was married to Lydia T. Allen, of Athens, HT8T0BY OF HOCKING VAU.KY. 931 Bradford Co., Pa. They have a family of six children — Pascal Allen, Samuel Carlton, Frederick [jams, Martha Louise, Sumner Spurgeon, and Warren Harris. Mr. and Mrs. Bright are members of the Methodist chnrch. He i- a member of Jamee K. Rochester Post, No. 140, G. A. II. Allen Hezekiah Brooke, attorney at law, Logan, was born in Greenfield Township, Fairfield Co., Ohio, Xov. 17, L852, a son of Hezekiah and Frances (Brandt) Brook':. He was educated in the Fairfield [Jnion Academy at Pleasantville, Ohio, and at Wittenberg College, Springfield, Ohio. When thirteen years of age he com- menced to take care of himself, although he remained at home till ateen, and defrayed the expenses of his education. When nineteen years of age he began teaching and taught during the winter terms for three In the spring of 1875 he began the study of law in the office of S. H. Bright and was admitted to the bar by the District Court in Newark, Ohio, in June, 1 S77. He then, in company with F. S. Pursell, commenced the publication of the Hocking Valley Gazette, but soon after sold his intere I to T. S. Nutter arid began the practice of his profession with C. H. Buerhaus, under the firm name of Brooke & Buerhaus. They continued together but a. short time when, by mutual consent, they dissolved partnership, and since then Mr. Brooke has practiced alone. In 1881 he was elected City .Solicitor of Logan and served two year.-. July 20, L881, in- married Emma C. Flenner of Lan- caster, Ohio. They have on echild — Marie Theresa. Mr. Brooke is a member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. & A. M.,and of Logan Lodge, No. 119, K. of P. His grandfather was one of the pioneer settlers of the Hocking Valley, locating near the present site of Logan in 1810. Oliver Brooke, son of Hezekiah and Frances (Brandt) Brooke, was born Jan. 20, 1835, in Greenfield Township, Fairfield Co., Ohio, in which place he was reared to manhood. At the age of eighteen he was apprenticed to Robert Hunter to learn the trade of carriage-making, but after serving nearly two years he aban- doned it and taught school daring the winter months and followed farming during the remainder of the year till 1869. While living in Greenfield Township 'he served as A one year and as Assistant Assessor another year. From 1869 to 1-71 he dealt in produce at Logan, when lie- worked in the coal mines at Straits- vi lie until 1874, and in that year he established his present gro- cery business at Logan. He has been twice married, marrying his 932 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. first wife, Miss Louisa J. Myers, in 1857. She died in November, 1863, leaving two children — Charles Luther and Emma Frances. He married his second wife, Miss Louisa E. Bright, of Logan, Jan. 29, 1867. They have had six children, viz.: William H., Frank E., Louisa Belle, Mary Ruth, Samuel Bright and George Mills, who died in May, 1873, at the age of six years. James Ezra Brown, shop-clerk of theC.,H. V. &T. Railroad, is the son of Edward M. and Martha J. (Rambo) Brown, fie was born near Roseville, Muskingum Co., Ohio, Aug. 25, 1846, where he lived till August, 1854. He then moved with his parents to Hocking County, they settling in Benton Township, where his father died in 1861, and in the following year he moved with his mother to Logan. He received a commercial education at the Eastman National Business College, at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., graduating from that institution in July, 1871. From 1866 to 1871 he taught school in. Perry and Hocking counties. After graduating he entered the Union school of Logan, and taught until 1880. In June, 1880, he began to learn telegraphy in the office of the C, H. V. & T. Railroad, at Logan, and was so engaged until May 3, 1881. In 1878 he became Secretary of the Hocking Agri- cultural Society which he resigned in 1881, to accept his present position. Mr. Brown is an Odd Fellow and member of Hocking Lodge, No. 262, at Logan, of which he is Past Grand, and is also a member of Mineral Encampment, No. 91, I. O. O. F., of which he is a Past Patriarch. Charles D. Brown, bank foreman for the Columbus & Hocking Coal and Iron Company at Gore, was born in Guilford County, N. C, Sept. 22, 1847. He is the son of "William W. Brown, deceased, a native of Davidson, N. C., who moved with his family to Law- rence County, Ohio, in 1849. Our subject lived in Lawrence County till 1874, when he went to Zanesville, Ohio, and was employed in the Ohio Iron Company there till 1876. He then came to Gore where he has since resided. He was agent for the Baird Iron Works two years, and afterward with the Thomas Iron Works till 1883, still remaining witli their successors, having been foreman of their coal mines since September, 1882. In 1873 he was married to Rebecca Ratcliff, a native of Carter County, Kv . and daughter of Samuel Ratcliff, of Greenup County, Ky. Mr. Brown belongs to the I. O. O. F. society. HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 933 Martin B. Bro'wn, farmer, fifth son of James and Susan (Adams) Brown, was born near Junction City, Perry Co., Ohio, Dec. 7, 1848, and lived there with his parents until manhood. At the age of twenty-one years he began farming with his father for an interest and worked with him five years. He then, in 1874, purchased and removed to a farm in Hocking County, and lived there until the spring of 18S2, when he sold his farm and purchased the one where he resides. Nov. 12, 1874, he married Amanda E., daughter of James and Maria (Ashbaugh) Sherlock, of Perry County. They have one son living — James A. They have lost one — Willie A., died aged three years. Mr. and Mrs. Brown are members of the United Brethren church. Thomas J. Broivn, farmer, second son of James and Susan (Ad- ams) Brown, was born near Junction City, Perry Co., Ohio, Aug. 15, 1842, and lived there with his parents until nineteen years of age, working on the farm and attending the common schools. Oct. 4, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Sixty-sacond Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at Zanesville, Ohio, as a private for three years and was appointed Corporal at the organization of the company, lie was engaged in the first battle of Win cluster, Va. , Port Republic, Black- water, Ya., Morris Island, S. C, and the assault upon Fort Wag- ner, where he was wounded and disabled for five weeks. He was appointed Sergeant of the company, dating from the battle of Fort Wagner. Nov. 18, 18G3, was promoted to First Sergeant, and Jan. 1, 1861, re-enlisted as a veteran. Jan. 3, 1864, was appointed Ser- geant-Major of his regiment and filled the position to the close of the war. June 9, 1864, he was in the battle of Petersburg, Ya., afterward at Walthall Junction, Deep Bottom, Ya., Deep Run, Ya., also at Chafen's Farm, same date, where he was slightly wounded. He was at the siege of Petersburg until April 2, 1865, when he was engaged in the assault upon Fort Gregg, near Petersburg, and was present at Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court-House, Ya., April 9, 1865. He was mustered out and discharged at City Point, Ya., Sept. 1, 1865. He then returned home and worked on the farm for his father until the fall of 1868. In April, 1869, he pur- chased and removed to the farm where # he now resides. Oct. 12, 186S, he married Mary A., daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Ilouts) Van Atta, of Perry County. They have three children — Joshua, Nettie M. and Sarah A., all at home. Himself and wife are mem- bers of the United Brethren church. 934 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Carl H. H. Buerhaus, Jr., Prosecuting Attorney for Hocking Country, was born at Circleville, Ohio, June 23, 1856. When he was six years of age lie removed with his parents to Zanesville, Ohio. He attended the city English schools during the day and the German select schools at night until 1864. When his parents returned to Circleville he attended the common schools of Circle- ville until 1866, when the family removed to Tarlton, Ohio. Young Buerhaus worked here in his father's tannery during the day, and at night and at odd times would read. He early formed a taste for solid reading, making himself familiar with the leading ancient and modern poets and historians. At the early age of twelve years he was familiar with Rollin, Hume, Macaulay, Gibbon, and the his- torians of the United States, storing his mind with a knowledge far in advance of his years. His wonderful memory enabled him to repeat almost all he read, word for word. In 1874 he came with his parents to Logan, Ohio. He worked here in his father's tan- nery, devoting his spare time and at night in obtaining an ed- ucation. He would borrow books from neighboring libraries. He borrowed some histories of the Hon. J. S. Friesner, who, observ- ing his wonderful memory, advised him to study law. Young Buerhaus borrowed some law books of Mr. Friesner and studied law at home nights for one year, then read law under Hon. J. S. Friesner, and on June 23, 1877, was admitted to the bar, this date being on his twenty-first birthday. He remained in the office of Mr. Friesner a short time, then practiced law with Judge James Grogan until December, 1877, when he was in partnership with Allen H.Brooks until 1878. In April, 1878, he was elected Town- ship Clerk and re-elected in 1879. In May, 1880, he was nomi- nated, and in October. L880, was elected, Prosecuting Attorney of Hocking County by the Democratic party, and was re-elected in 1882, and still retains that office. He was admitted to the United States bar June 13, 1883. Mr. Buerhaus is purety a self-made man, and is one of the rising young lawyers of Ohio. He was married to Miss Ida V. Sliawver, at Login, Aug. 7, 1878. She was born in Liberty, Mis<., adaughter of William and Nancy (Myers) Sliawver. Carl Henn/ Harmon Bflerhaus, proprietor of the largest tannery in Hocking County, at Logan, was born in the city of Hagen, Westphalia, Prussia, German y, Jan. 23, 1823. He was the son of Henry G. and Joanna (Lucas) Buerhaus. Carl was the youngest of two sons. He attended school until sixteen, then worked at the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 935 tanner's trade until twenty-one, when lie served one year in the Thirty-seventh Regiment of Luxemburg, German army. He then returned home and traveled lor his father, who was a rectifier of fine liquors. In May, 1851, he came alone to America, landed in New York City; went to Freehold, N. J., worked one month at his trade; then came to Ohio, worked at Marietta two months, then at Zanesville two months, thence came to Lancaster and worked at his trade; was married here to Miss Joanna P. Roof, Nov. 23, 1852. She was born in Dobel, Wurtemberg, Germany, Dec. 17, 1830, a daughter of Frederic and Catherine (Munscli) Roof, who came to the United States in 1837. In the spring of 1856 Mr. and Mrs. Buerhaus removed to Circleville, Ohio, and he was foreman of a large steam tannery for eleven years. He then purchased a tannery at Tarlton, Ohio, and engaged in business here until April, 1871, when he purchased his present tannery, which is the largest tannery in the county. Mr. and Mrs. Buer- haus have had a family of six daughters and four sons, viz.: Jo- anna C. M.', born Sept. 12, 1853, died Aug. 4, 1854; Matilda, born Feb. 12, 1855, died March 15, 1855; Carl H. H., born June 23, 1856; Mary, born Sept, 12, 1858, died April 9, 1873; Frederic Wm., born Sept. 1, 1860, died Nov. 12, 1872; Emma, born June 10, 1863; Charles J., born July 30, 1S65; Anna C, born April 18, 1S69; Edward, born Feb. 23, 1871; Bertha J., born May 28, 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Buerhaus are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Buerhaus is one of the leading business men and representative citizens of Logan. Andrew J. Burgess, section 36, Falls-Gore, is the son of Rich- ard Burgess, deceased. He was born in Perry County, Ohio, Aug. 14, 1825, and the following year he was brought by his parents to Falls-Gore, where he has since resided. He was reared on a farm and attended the subscription schools, his educational advantages being very limited. He was married Oct. 12, 1845, to Elizabeth Taylor, by whom he has had eight children, six of whom are living — Clara A., John W., Richard, Mary, Lovina (deceased), Andrew J., Jr., Samantha and Amanda J. (deceased). Mr. Burgess has held the office of Supervisor for the past seventeen years, and has also been Township Trustee four years. He owns a farm of eighty-seven acres of land and is employed in general farming. He is a great hunter, having, in connection with four others, in the fall of 1880, killed fifty-seven deer and three bears in four weeks. 936 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Uenson T. Burgess, of New Gore, or Hamlin, was born near Somerset, Perry Co., Ohio, Feb. 4, 1822. He was married Jan. 7, 1841, to Miss Catherine, daughter of John Hayne. This union has been blessed with ten children — Mary A., Gabriel, Richard, John B. (deceased), Elizabeth M., Philemon, Louisa C, Mark V., Emanuel H. and George W. In 1846 he moved to In- diana and settled in French Township, Adams County, and in 1867 returned to Gore Township. His brother, A. J., and Maxfield Hite first struck the six-foot vein of coal near Gore. His father, Richard Burgess, settled in Perry County before the war of 1812, and was a soldier of that war. He then came to what is now Bur- gess ville, or a part of New Gore, in the fall of 1825. Jesse Bowen Butin, of the law firm of Brooke & Bntin, and the real-estate firm of Myers, Brooke & Butin, was born in Logan, June 23, 1846, a son of Jacob E. and Mary (Bowen) Butin. He was educated in the common schools, living with his parents till manhood. At the age of fourteen he went into the office of the Hocking Sentinel to learn the trade of a printer, working some three years, when he abandoned the trade and was employed by L. H. Culver a year. He then worked for J. D. Poston till the spring of 1867 when he went to Philadelphia and traveled for the wholesale house of Bancroft, Bates & Co. till the following fall, when he was taken sick and was unable to work till the fall of 1870. In the fall of 1869 he went to Garnett, Kas. (his brother-in-law, Major Elmer Golden, residing there), and while there became asso- ciated with Major Golden in the hardware business, remaining till the fall of 1873. He then returned to Ohio, and was employed in the store of the Baird Iron Works in Perry County till 1875, when he came to Logan and began the study of law in the office ot'Rippey & Friesner. He was admitted to the bar in the fall of 1878 by the District Court at Logan. He remained in the office of Colonel C. II. Rippey till the spring of 1879, when he engaged in the practice of his profession alone. In January, 1S83, Lloyd Myers and A. H. Brooke became associated with him, establishing a collecting, ab- stract, real-estate and general insurance agency, and at the same time Mr. Brooke became associated with him in the practice of law. Oct. 3, 1872, Mr. Butin married Vina A. Hunter, of Garnett, Kas. They have one child — Roy Hunter. Mr. Butin is a member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. & A. M., Logan. Rev. Thonixs Joseph Caoly, Rector of St. John's Catholic Church, Logan, was born near Hancock, Addison Co., Vt., Jan. 14, 1835, a son of Ephraim C. and Elizabeth (Safford) Cady. He received his HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 937 elementary education in the common schools, and in 1854: entered St. Joseph's College, Perry County, Ohio. In 1860 he entered St. Rose College, Washington County, Ky., remaining there four years. He then returned to St. Joseph College and passed his last examination prior to being ordained to the priesthood. He was ordained Sub-Deacon, Deacon and Priest during the latter part of November, 1863. His first charge was a small parish in Perry County, where he remained three years. In September, 1866, he was sent to New York City, and served as assistant to the Rector of St. Vincent's parish, corner of Sixty-sixth street and Lexington avenue. In May, 1868, he returned to Ohio and was assistant to the. Rector of St. Dominick's Church, at Zanesville, until May, 1S74, when he was sent to Nashville, Tenn., and served as assist- ant in St. Peter's Church four months. Since September, 1874, he has been Rector of St. John's Church, Logan. Oakley Case was born at Sims bury. Conn., June 29, 1821, a son of Ambrose and Esther (Chapman) Case. In 1839 his parents came to Ohio and settled in Logan. His father died the same year and his mother returned to Connecticut, and the following year, with her family, again came to Logan. He was educated in the common district schools of Connecticut, and after coming to Ohio attended the Ohio University and Granville College. He was reared a farmer, but at intervals worked in his brother's printing office, there acquiring some knowledge of that trade, and just before becoming of age, in January, 1815, he became the proprietor and publisher of the Hocking Sentinel, a Democratic journal. He was the publisher of the Sentinel till 1857, when he was employed as bookkeeper for his brother Flavins, and afterward as clerk in the Probate office. In 1862 he was elected Probate Judge of Hocking County Court, and re-elected in 1865, holding the office two terms of three years each. Having studied law in the mean- time, he was admitted to the bar by the District Court at Logan. In 1868 he became associated with James W. Stinchcomb, but in 1870 withdrew from the firm. In 1871 he was elected a Repre- sentative to the General Assembly of Ohio, and re-elected in 1873. In January, 1875, he resigned his seat in the Legislature to accepl the appointment of chief clerk of Secretary of the State, William Bell. In 1877 he returned to Logan and became associated with Hon. John Friesner in the practice of law, remaining with him till Mr. Friesner was elected Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. He then became associated with L. J. Burgess, and practiced law 938 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. under the firm name uf Burgess & Case till 1881, when, on account of failing eye-sight, Mr. Case was obliged to give up the practice and withdraw from the firm. Jan. 21, 1845, he married Margaret Ann James, of Logan. They have four children — Lemuel Alonzo, of Columbus; Amanda Ellen, Emily (an attendant at the Columbus Central Lunatic Asylum), and Maggie. They have lost four chil- dren, three dying in infancy, and one, Mary Eliza, married George Cook, of Logan, and died March 11, 1883, leaving two children — Amanda Ellen and Maggie. Mr. Case is a Master, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason, and is Past Master, Past High Priest and Past Illustrious Master. Craven Webster Clowe, farmer, youngest child of C. W. and Sarah N~. (Beveridge) Clowe, was born near Uniontown, Muskingum Co., Ohio, April 21, 1831. His parents removed from Loudoun County, Ya., a short time before his birth. His father died when the subject of this sketch was but three months old, and his mother removed to Perry County and there married her second husband, and our subject lived with them until fourteen years of age. He received a limited education at the common-schools. At the age of fourteen years he packed his clothing in a handkerchief, and with 12^ cents in money started in the world for himself, and first hired to work on a farm for John Cunningham, six miles west of Lan- caster, Ohio, for $6 per month. He worked in that settlement until twenty years of age. In 1851 he was employed by Colonel Mes- senger, a stock-dealer in Shelby County, 111., as boss stock-drover, and was with him four years. His health failing, he returned to his mother's, in Ohio, and in 1856 purchased a farm in Green Township, Hocking County. In 1859 he sold his farm and moved to Perry County, but during the winters of 1S59 and 1860 taught school in Green Township. Oct. 4, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Sixty-second Ohio Infantry, at Zanesville, Ohio, as a private, for three years. Dec. IS, 1861, he was appointed First Sergeant of his company, and was filling jdiat position at the first battle of Winchester, Ya. July 1, 1863, he was promoted to Second Lieu- tenant, and June 1, 1864, to First Lieutenant, Regimental Quartermaster. He was engaged in the assault upon Fort Wag- ner, Morris Island, July IS, 1863, where he was wounded and temporarily disabled. Soon after he was placed in command of Company I, Sixty-second Regiment, for one month; then com- manded Company A, same regiment, one month, lie filled the position of Regimental Quartermaster until Sept. 20, 1864. He HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 939 was then transferred to the Commissary Department of First Brig- ade, First Division, Tenth Army Corps, as Captain, and served as such until the close of the war. He was at the seven days' battle on the Peninsula, and soon after detailed on special recruiting service, and was home on that business a short time. He was mustered out JSTov. 30, 1861, and returned home and purchased the farm where he now resides, in Falls Township. He has been President of the Hocking County Agricultural Society. He is a Master Mason, member of Mingo Lodge, ISTo. 171, A. F. & A. M., Logan, Ohio- April S, 1S56, he married Barbara, daughter of Henry and Nancy (Davis) Hazelton, of Perry County. They have two children — Henry W. and Alice C, wife of F. M. Rhoads, of Falls Township. Captain Clowe has all his army papers on file showing- the preced- ing army facts. Enoch George Collins was born in Lancaster, Fairfield Co., Ohio, Jan. 6, 1818, a son of John A. and Sar ah (Seitz) Collins. He was reared in his native county, and was educated in the pub- lic schools, attending also one term at the Greenfield Academy. When sixteen years of age he began teaching the winter terras, working the rest of the year on the farm, continuing that course till thirty-one years of age. In 1819 he came to Logan, and was em- ployed as a clerk in the store of his brother, Jusse L.Collins, two years- In 1S51 he opened a general store in Maxwell, Perry County, and remained there fourteen years, and during most of 'the time was also Postmaster. In 1S65 he returned to Logan, and witti William M- Bowen engaged in the hardware business. In 1868 he retired from the firm and engaged in the general mercantile business till 1877, when he retired from active business. He was soon after stricken with paralysis, from which he has never fully recovered, lie has been a member of the City Council and Board of Educa- tion of Logan several years each. March 27, 1851, he married Elizabeth Butin, daughter of A. H. Butin. They have had a fam- ily of six children, only three now living — Clara L., wife of Charles T. Monroe; Frank 13., of Straitsville, Ohio, and Edwin C, of Co- lumbus, Ohio. Charles died at the age of three years; John A. at the age of two years, and one died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Collins are members of the Methodist church. He has been Class- Leader, Steward and Sunday-school Superintendent many years, having been a member of the church nearly fifty years. He has taken all the degrees of Masonry through the Council, and of Odd Fellowship through the Encampment. 940 HISTORY OF HOOKING \ \i I BY. ,/ ^ i 'ollinS) senior member of the firm of Collins & Moore, is the son of John A., and Sarah (Seitz) Collins. He was horn near Lancaster, Fairfield County, Jan. IS. L8S1. lie was reared on a farm, ami educated in the common school and in the Green- field Aoademy. When eighteen years old he became a clerk in the store of Myers & Fall, being in their employ till 1842, when he became manager of a store for them at Logan. In lS4o he estab- lished himself in the general mercantile business at Logan, being associated with J. 0. MoCraoken. They dissolved partnership in L846, after which Mr. Collins became associated with different parties till 1m'>S. when he formed a partnership with M. IX Moore- forming the present mercantile firm of Collins A Moore. In 1ST" Mr. Collins made a tour through Iowa. Missouri, Kansas, Illinois and Indiana, lie has been a member of theCity Council ot' Logan three years, and served as Recorder. He has also been a member oi the Board of Education of Logan, being its President six years. Oct 15, 1844, he married MissEmma C. Rippey, ot' Logan. They have four children — Sarah W\, wife of John M. Floyd, of Logan; Mary Caroline, wife of M. P. Moore, ot' the firm ot Collins & Moore: Katie W., and Jesse L. Mr. Collins and wife are mem- bers of the Methodisl Episcopal church, o( which he has served as Steward some thirty-eight years. He is a Master, R >yal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason, and is a member of the . chapter and council at Logan, and of the oommanderv at Lancaster. Co &, foreman of the Ss tfind office, was born in 1 68 . Booking Co., Ohio, Aug. L8, L844. Oct 1. 1861, he en- listed in Company F. Forty-sixth Ohio Infantry, and served four years and three months, lie participated in the battles of Pitts- burg Landing, siege of Corinth, Holly Springs. Jackson, Black Fiver. Vioksburg, Chattanooga, Knoxville, Lookout Mountain, Mission Rid are, Snake Creek, Resaca, Dallas. Atlanta and Jones. From Atlanta he went to the sea; was at Savannah, Ben- tonville and Raleigh. Oaring his entire term ot' service he was never unfitted for duty. He was discharged at Louisville, July '27. l s 'o. With the exception of one or two years absence Mr. Took has been foreman oi v fice since l v '!.V In Lfi he estab' g \ 30 (l\ Lie Mi '.the first paper printed in that town, [n 1878 he removed the office to Shawnee and pub- lished the Shawnee Journal till the J was siuveeded by the Mr. Took was married Feb. L8, L870, to Mary E. Case. HISTOBY 01 HOCKING VALLEY. '.'}] Arthv/r M. Cortney^ son of Arthur and Nancy (Gordon) I ':•/. .v;i . born in Waj \ Greene Co., Pa., Nov. -. L827. In 1834 be accompanied hisparenl I lio, wher< ettled in Jackson Township, Perry County, and resided there till our e ject became of age. He was educated in the di tool and by his father, who was a school teacher, being also a practical sur- >r and civil engineer. J rj hie h year our subject began to teach and has taught in Perry and Socking counties man From \-',i till L856 he was the Township Clerk of Jackson Township, Perry County. In 1866 he settled at Logan and ' ■ in the grocery business until 1872, ■ I vhich he -lit in the district of that county si He wa£ then elected a member of the Council of Logan, and d in civil < neeringand teaching till the fall of 1881, when he was elected on the Democratic ticket, Clerk of the Circuit. Court and Clerk of Common Pleas of Hocking County for a term oi three years. IJe was married May 5, 1852, to Miss Rosannah, daughter of Hugh and R •< (Conley) Clark, of Perry County. She has homo him [ldren, three sons and nine da \ en of whom still survive, viz: Rosa, Hugh V.. Lottie. Lucy. Kate, Laura and Estella, all living at home. Of those who died, alJ lived to matur- ity with the exception of one- who died at the age of seven. William Henry Oowell, master mechanic in the shops of the C, 11. V. & T. R. It. C unpany at Logan, whs born near Sandusky City, Ohio, Feb. 11, L838. At the age of five year-. I with his parents, Amasa arid Emily ('Chapman, Cowel), to Adrian, where he lived until manhood, receiving a good common-school education. At the age or' nineteen he began to learn the trade of a machinist in the of Ripley and Whitehouse at Adrian. serving a little over a year. He then began to work as a .jour- man at Detroit, Mich., on the Detroit locomotive work g em- ployed there some four months when the shops were closed, which lie worked at different places till L866, when he was em- ployee" as foreman in the machine shop^ of the Columbus yal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason. He has served as Thrice Illustrious Master of the council, and High Priest of the chapter. He is also a member of the col- lege fraternities Alpha Kappa and Alpha Pi Gamma, and of J. K. Ptochester Post, No. 110, G. A. R. John Gallagher^ policeman of the C, II. V. A: T. II. R., at Lo- gan, was born in Green Township, Hocking County, July 7, 1846 ? son of Peter and Nancy (O'Brine) Gallagher. He was reared on a a farm, receiving his education in the common schools. He re- mained at home three or four years after becoming of age. He pursued farming till 1878 when he was appointed one of the guards of the Ohio Penitentiary at Columbus. In 18 v <> he resumed farm- 952 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ing, but in 1SS1 was appointed to his present position by Gov- ernor Foster. Feb. 11, 1S6S, he married Miss Anna Wright, of Logan. They have five children — Nannie, Susie, Ella, Katie and John. Mr. Gallagher is a member of St. John's Catholic Church, Logan. Jlenry Going/, gardener, was born in Hesse Darmstadt, Ger- many, April 25, 1839. When ten years old he emigrated with his parents to the United States, they settling in Hamilton, Butler Co., Ohio. He left home at the age of eighteen, and worked in the garden of his brother-in-law, Georg Saurbrunn, at Circleville, for two years, when he became a gardener for himself at Circle- ville, remaining there till {September, 1S62. He then enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer Infan- try, to serve three years. He participated in many battles, among which were the battles of Chickasaw, Champion Hills and the charge on Vicksburg. May 22. 1863. Afcer being discharged in L865, he returned to Circleville, and soon after removed to Deca- tur, 111., where he engaged in gardening, but not meeting with suc- cess he abandoned it, and was variously employed in different places until 1873. In that year became to Logan, and engaged in his present business as a gardener, where he is meeting with suc- cess, having procured for himself and family a pleasant and sub" stantial home. He was married April S, 1 S (3 1 , to Miss Christina Loci, of Waverly. She died in September, 1872, leaving two children — Edward Frederick and Samuel John. He again married Jan. S, 1873, Charlotta (Miller) Sanner, by whom he has had five children — Louisa, Frank, Clara, William and Robert. He and wife are members of the Lutheran Trinity Church of Logan, of which he is Eider. David Goss, cabinetmaker and undertaker, fourth son of Mar. tin and Margaret (Strong) Goss, was born near Lancaster, Pa., March 27, 1813. When he was two years of age, his parents came to Hocking County, Ohio, and settled near Millville, where he lived until manhood, working on a farm and attending the common school. He began working at the cabinet trade when a boy, and when twenty-one years old opened a shop near Millville, where he w. a-ked three years. In 1837 he purchased the farm where he now resides, and worked at his trade until 1882. He has preserved measures of 2,500 coffins made by him during the time he has beeo engaged in the business. April 8, 1S16, he married Magda- lena, daughter of Frederick and Leah (Fought) Friesner, of Hock- HISTORY OF IIockING VALLEY. 953 ing County. They had ten children, five living — Martin, of Hocking County; Ellen, wife ot John Evans; Effie, Ida, and Edward at home. Israel died in infancy; Simeon, at eight years of age; Mary, at four years of age. Frederick was drowned in Hocking River, June 4, 1865, aged thirteen years; and Emma, June 3, 1878, in her twentieth year. She was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Goss was born March 18, 1827, and died July 22, L871. She was a member of the Albright church. lie and his daughters are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Martin Goss, farmer, cabinet-maker and undertaker, son of Da- vid and Magdalena (Friesner) Gjss, was born in Falls Township, Hocking Co., Jan. 5, 1847, and lived with his parents until man. hood. During his boyhood he worked for wages, and received a common-school education. At the age of seventeen years his father put him to work in his cabinet shop, where he remained until twenty-two years of age. In February, 1869, lie purchased the farm where he resides, and has carried on farming in connec- tion with his cabinet and undertaking business. He has preserved memoranda of his work, and has made 200 c offi:is. He has the most beautiful location and residence in the county. Oct. 8, 1S68, he married Lucinda A., daughter of George and Annamary (Pon- tius) Hansel, who was born Dec. 10, 1847. They had one d uighter — Mary Magdalena, who died in infancy. They have an adopted daughter — Emma J. Goss. He and wife are members cf the United Brethren church. He is Class-leader, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, and Superintendent of the Sabbath-school. Lewis Green was born near St. Joseph, Ferry Co., Ohio, Nov. 24. 1837. He was married June 24, 1873, to Annie McFadden, of Somerset, Ohio. In 1867 Mr. Green assisted in establishing the New Lexington Herald, and continued as its editor and proprietor till 1881. From 1870 till 1S73 he was Representative from Pern- County to the State Legislature, elected on the Democratic ticket. In 1872 he purchased the Hocking Sentinel, and removed to Logan in 1873. Hon. James Raymond Grogan, attorney at law at Logan, was born at Lockport, K Y., Oct. 20, 1825. When one year old his parents, Thomas and Ruth (Bowes) Grogan, removed to Ohio, and settled near Straitsville, Perry County. He received an elementary education in the district schools, but obtained the greater part of hi- ed ucation by private study and at the Dominican Convent school of St. Joseph, Perry County, under the tutorship of Rev. Father James 954 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Whalen. Daring the winters of 1815-'46 he taught school, and in 1S46 began the stud}- of law, which he pursued at intervals until he was admitted to the bar in the fall of 1849, but did not commence the practice of his profession till 1855, in which year he established himself permanently at Logan. In April, 1S47, he was employed in the Quartermaster's Department of the United States Army, under Captain Webster, and served during the Mexican war, being stationed near Ruebla, Mexico. After the war he returned to Ohio, and during the winters of 184S -'49 he taught school at Gore, Hock- ing County. In October, 1849, he was elected Recorder of Hock- ing County, and re-elected in 1852, serving six years. In 1857 he became the proprietor and editor of the Hocking Sentinel, a Dem- ocratic paper, which he disposed of in 1S59, since when'he has devoted himself wholly to his legal practice. In 1862 he was ap- pointed Chairman of the Military Committee of Hocking County by George Todd, and aided in raising and organizing companies for the Union service, which position he held till the close of the war. In 1864 he was appointed Mayor of Logan to till a vacancy, and was re-elected in 1865-'68. In August, 1866, he was appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Hocking County, to fill a vacancy. In 1879 he added to his law business that of real es- tate. Noel William Hamblin, son of Cornelius and Sarah (Joseph) Ilamblin, is a native of New York, being born near Bath, Steuben Co., N. Y., March 11, 1844. When he was ten years old his parents settled in Starr Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, where he was educated in the district schools and at the High School at Logan. At the age of seventeen he began to teach school in Hocking Countv, and taught there three winters. When he was nineteen he purchased a team and worked for the Five Mile Furnace Com- pany two or three years. He then, with his father, purchased a farm in Falls Township where he pursued farming two years when he sold it, purchasing another farm in Starr Township where he farmed and mined iron ore, that being a deposit on his land. From 1870 till the fall of 1878 he followed farming exclusively in Starr Township, when he was'elected County Treasurer of Hock- ing County, and was re-elected in 1881, this last term expiring September, 1883. March 13, 1866, he married Miss Loderna Skin- ner, of Starr Township. They have seven children — Edward C, Winnie, George G., Charles E., Blanche, Robert N. and Clara. Mr. Ilamblin is an Odd Fellow of Hocking Valley Lodge, No. 362 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 955 He and wife are members of the Berea Presbyterian church of Starr Township. In 18S1 he bought a farm in the vicinity of Logan on which they now reside. Robert W. Hansen, ex-Deputy County Clerk, Logan, Ohio, was born in Hocking County, Ohio, June 24, 1859. At the age of fifteen he began teaching school in Laurel Township, and taught two years; then took a trip to Texas, traveled over Texas and then crossed the Indian Territory, stopping at various places; thence to Wichita, Kas.; then returned home and entered the High School and graduated in June, 1880. He then taught school in Laurel Township some four or five months, after which he was offered the Secretaryship of the Logan Joint Life Protection and Relief Association, which he accepted and remained with this company* one year, when the company removed to Wheeling, W. Va. He then soon after was appointed civil engineer for the city of Logan, and some four months later was made assistant civil engineer for the consolidated coal and iron company at Floodwood, and held that position six months when the company dissolved. Mr. Han- sen then returned to Logan and opened the largest grocery store in Logan, and engaged in business until he failed. He then began the study of medicine with Dr. J. H. Dye in Logan, with whom he still remains. Mr. Hansen was married to Emma II. Roches- ter Sept. 20, 1882. She was born in Logan, a daughter of Joseph Rochester, merchant of Logan. Mr. Hansen is a member of Logan Lodge. No. 119, K. of P., and is the present Vice Chancel- lor of the lodge. Is also a member of the A. O. U. W., Mingo Lodge, at Logan. In politics he is a Democrat. John IJuisen, of the firm of Burgess & Hansen, attorneys at law, was born in Laurel Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, Dec. 8, 1838, a son of Samuel C. and Elizabeth (Kinser) Hansen. He was educated in the common schools, and when seventeen years of age commenced teaching, a vocation he followed at intervals for nine- teen years. Oct. 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company II, Fifty-eighth Ohio Infantry, for three years, and at the organization of the com- pany was appointed Sergeant. In July, 1863, he was appointed First Lieutenant and Regimental Quartermaster and served in that capacity till his discharge, in January, 1865. He participated in the battles of Fort Donelson and Shiloh and many others of less importance. From September. 1862, till April, 1863, he was on detached duty as recruiting officer at Cincinnati, Ohio. After his return home he purchased a farm in Laurel Township, which he 956 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. carried on in connection with teaching. "While teaching he for a number of years studied law privately and was admitted to the bar by the District Court at Logan, in December, 1879. In 1875 he was elected Clerk of the Courts of Hocking County, and served two terms of three years each. He was Justice of the Peace of Laurel Township five years. In February, 1882, he became asso- ciated with L. J. Burgess and commenced the practice of law. In 1870 he was appointed Assistant Deputy United States Marshal to take the census of one of the three districts of Hocking County, lie has been a member of the Board of Education of Logan five years. In 1880, at the organization of the Hocking County Chil- dren's Home, he was elected a member of the Board of Trustees, and drew up the constitution and by-laws adopted for the govern- ment of the institution. Sept. 18, 1858, he married Mary M. Mc- Broom, of Laurel Township. They have six children — Robert W., Eudorah Y., Charles M., Homer A., Jennie V". and John E. One child, Pearly C, died in 1871, aged one year. Mr. and Mrs. Hansen are members of the Methodist church. Mr. Hansen is a member of J. K. Rochester Post, No. 1-10, G. A. R. Solomon Harsh, farmer, second son of John and Christina (Stiver- son) Harsh, was born in Falls Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, Feb 14, 1822. At the age of twenty -one years he began farming for himself on his father's farm. In 1848 he purchased lands in Laurel Town- ship, and in a short time sold and purchased the farm where he now resides. He owns and resides on the farm first settled by his grand- father. He remembers when the State road was first opened, his fa- ther and Uncle Daniel Harsh having the contract fur opening the road. Also remembers the first horse-tracks seen on the new roads. He has resided on the farm he owns since his birth, and has always farmed for a livelihood. Dec. 9, 1847, he married Mary A ., daugh- ter of Frederick and Barbara (Houseman) Elick, of Falls Township. They have had twelve children, six sons and three daughters now living — John S., of Wells County, Ind.; Emanuel C, of Mercer County, Ohio; Jacob F., at home; Daniel S., of Wells Count}', Ind.; George W. and Joel A., at home; Caroline, wife of Jacob Mathias, of Falls Township; Helena and Delilah, at home; Will iam W., died at the age of thirty-four years in Cincinnati, Ohio; David A., at the age of twenty-three years; Lorenzo D. in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Harsh are members of the United Brethren church, he being Trustee. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 057 Rev. C. C. Hart, of Logan. — Joseph Hart was born in Botetourt Co., Va., June 22, 1760. At about twenty years of age he re- moved to the colony of Tennessee and located on the French Broad River. In 1785 he was married to Miss Nancy Shanklin, of East Tennessee, and settled in Blount County near Maryville. To them were born live sons and one daughter. In 1810 the mother died, and the father married his second wife, Miss Mary Means, of Blount County, in the year 1812. To them were born five sons. The youngest, the subject of this sketch, Charles Coffin Hart, was born near Maryville, Tenn., March 20, 1820. In October, 1821, Mr. Hart, with his wife aud four younger sons — one having died in infancy — emigrated to Indiana and settled on Clifty Creek, Bar- tholomew County, five miles east of Columbus. Here Charles was brought up, working on the farm in the summer and going to a loud school in the winter. In February, 1836, Charles went to Sa- lem, Washington Co., Ind., and was indentured by his father as an apprentice to the cabinet- making business, in which capacity he served four years, until Feb. 10, 1840. For the next three years he worked as a journeyman at his trade. In May, 1843, he went to Marietta, Ohio, and entered the preparatory department of Ma- rietta College. When he left his home in Indiana he had $50 in silver, which he had earned the winter previous by teaching school for $12.50 per month and "boarding round." He took his tools with him to Marietta and established a little shop near the college. For five years he studied and worked at his trade, earning money enough to pay his current expenses, which was not more than $160 per annum, including clothing. He grad- uated from college in the class of 1848. He entered Lane Theolog- ical Seminary, Cincinnati, September, 1848, where he studied and worked at his trade for two years. In May, 1850, he went to Co- lumbus, Ind., and taught school ten months in the old "County Seminary." In September of that year he was examined and li- censed as a probationer for the gospel ministry by the Presby- tery of Madison, then in session at Columbus. In the spring of 1851 he visited Mississippi. Being an abolitionist in sentiment he wished to see slavery and some of its practical workings in its stronghold, aud for this purpose he spent five months on the cotton plantations on the Yazoo and Big Black rivers. During this time he preached once in two weeks at the Madison Presbyterian church, located twenty-five miles north of Jackson, and composed of plant- ers. In October, 1851, he returned to Lane Seminary, pursuing 958 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. his theological studies and preaching at Cleves, near the old resi- dence of General William II. Harrison, and in June he gradu- ated from the seminary in the class of 1852. In July following- he returned to Mississippi to reside in the family of his brother, Samuel Hart, at Carrol lton, where for nearly four years he preached at Carrollton, Middleton and Greenwood churches, all in Carroll County. He was ordained to the work of the gospel ministry in Carrollton, Jan. 1, 1S53, by the Presbytery of New Lexington; and in the afternoon of the same day, in the presence of the Pres- bytery, he baptized his brother's son, Charles, and other children, and also several candidates for church membership. In Septem- ber, 1853, he was married in St. Louis, Mo., to Miss Olivia P. Studley, of Boston. Miss Studley was the daughter of Dr. II. M. Studley, of Bradford, 1ST. H., but being left an orphan when quite young, her brother, Edward A. Studley, who was doing business in Boston, educated her in the schools of that city. After com- pleting her education she went to Livingston, Madison Co., Miss., in 1S49, to teach in a private family. Here she continued for one year when she became a teacher in Bascom Female College, Gre- nada, Miss. Here she became acquainted with her future husband, and while on a visit to her brother, R. P. Studle}', of St. Louis, Mo.„ was married, S3pt. 6, 1S53. Mr. Hart continued his minis- terial services to the churches of Carroll County until February, 1856. At that time the politicians of the South, arranging for the presidential campaign of that year, took the ground (at least in the State of Mississippi) that slavery was a divine institution, like the family, and hence must be perpetuated; and that every preacher in the State must defend it from the Bible. But as Mr. Hart did not believe this doctrine, and could not advocate it, neither with nor without the Bible, he judged it to be his duty to leave the slave States. Consequently he, with his wife and son, Edward Studley Hart, took a steamboat Feb. 10, lS56,at Greenwood, on the Yazoo River, for Vicksburg and thence to St. Louis, which 'journey occu- pied eleven days. Leaving his little family in St. Louis, in the care of his brother-in-law, P.P. Studley, Mr. Hart set out, March 10, to look for a field for future labor. Rev. Marcus Hicks, of Co- lumbus, Ohio, advised him to visit Logan. He reached Logan March 20, 1S5»>, and found a town of about 1,400 inhabitants, a Presbyterian church of fifty members that had had no stated preaching for more than a year. He engaged to supply the church for one year, and continued to do so from year to year until Sept. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 30, 1868, when the church at Shawneetown. 111., gave him a call to become their pastor. He began his labors with that church on the first Sabbath of October, 1808, and continued to be their Pastor for three years, during which time 125 members were added to the church. The church at Logan being without a Pastor, Mr. Hart was invited to return to Logan, did so, and was installed Pastor ol the church the 12th of November, 1871, returning to his old home where two sons and three daughters had been born, and where God had given him many spiritual sons and daughters, and where he has continued his labors to the present time, July 2, 1883. Rev. Henry Ilenkel, son of John and Katherine (Plack) HenkeL was born in Hesse, Germany, Oct. 4, 1S45, where he lived until his sixteenth year. In 1861 lie emigrated to the United States, set- tling first at Germantown, Montgomery Co., Ohio, where he worked on a farm for three years, when his parents also came to the United States. He then went with them to Hancock County, near Pendleton, Ind., where he remained and worked on the farm until January, 1868, after which he went to Columbus, Ohio, and entered the theological department of the Capitol University, which he attended three terms. He obtained his literary education In- private study, having attended the schools in Germany till his fourteenth year. He was ordained to the ministry at Columbus, ( )iiio, May 2, 1S69, Professor W. F. Lehmann, M. Loy and E. Sehmid officiating. His first charge was the Evangelical Lutheran Zion's Church at Springfield, Ohio, where he officiated three years, when in September, 1872, he received a call from the Evangelical Lutheran St. Matthew's Church at Logan, being Pastor there till October, 1881. About that time a division took place in his congre- gation on a theological question brought up in the Ohio Synod, when he, with a part of his congregation, dissenting, withdrew and or- ganized the Lutheran Trinity Church, of Logan, of which he is now Pastor. He was married Nov. 24, 1870, to Miss Minnie Meyer, of Woodsville, Ohio. They have five children, viz.: Ida S., Theodore II. T., Otto II. K., Theophil F. and Willie F. G. James Elder Huston, superintendent of the cabinet department and stockholder in the Logan Furniture Company, was born in Armagh, Indiana Co., Pa., July 18, 1822, a son of John D. and Margaret (Elder) Huston. When lie was three years of age his parents came to Ohio, settling in Putnam, buta year laterremoved to Madison, Perry County. He attended the common schools till ;H10 1USTOKY OF HOCKING \ U I BY. fifteen years of age, when ho wont to Norwich, Muskingum County, and became apprei ticed to William Stephenson to Learn the cnbi- aet and chair-maker's trade, serving four years and five months. Ho then worked as a journeyman till L842, when he opened a cab- inet .-hop at Loudonville, Ohio. In isis he removed his business to Somerset, remaining there till L857, when he wont to Lancaster and was employed as foreman of the painting department of the 0. & M. K. K. shops. In L878 he came to Logan and became a stockholder in the Logan Manufacturing Company. In L880 he withdrew from the company, and with others organised the Logan Furniture Company, of which he was Secretary and Treasurer till ISS2; since then he has boon superintendent of the cabinet depart- ment In May, 1844, Mr, Huston married Ann Prutzman, who died in June, L866, leaving ten children, nine now living. He afterward married Mrs, Mary J. Jenkins, who died in April, L872, saving no children. His present wife was Miss Virlinda Bright, of Logan. They have two children. Mr. and Mrs. Huston are members of the Methodist church. He is a Master, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason, a member oi the lodge at New Salem, chapter and council at Logan, and commandery at Lancaster. He has passed the chairs of all excepting the com- tnandery, o( which lie has been Prelate. While in Somerset, Mr. Huston served as Mayor from L851 till 1858. 8, farmer and minister ol Palls Township, Hocking I . Ohio, sixth son of John and Elizabeth (Saunders) lies, was born in Falls Township, Nov. 25, L828, and lived with his parents until manhood, working on his father's farm and receiving a mon-school education. His mother was born in the State o( Penn- sylvania in L794, and his father in Rockingham County, Va.. in L784, His mother moved with her parents to Hocking Countyand his father to Licking County, Ohio, among the first settlers, and about the year ISll were joined in marriage and settled on a por- tion of uncultivated timber land along the Hooking Valley, three miles west of Logan; o msequently they toiled hard in clearing off the laud and endured the hardships and privations of pioneer life and became acquainted with the ways and doings of the red man; they wore both favored with, more than ordinary strength and abil- ity to undergo these difficulties. They became members of the church at an early day, when services were held in cabin houa 9, and remained members till death. As the fruit of their marr were born unto them twelve children, nine sorts and three HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 961 daughters, four of whom (three sons and one daughter) are still living. Jeremiah remained with his parents until their death; his mother died Oct. 19, 1844, aged fifty years and thirteen days; his father died Nov. 16, 1851, aged sixty-seven years, nine months and eleven days. Their remains are sleeping in the Pleasant Hill Cemeterv, Marion Township, Hocking Co., Ohio. lie then, at the age of twenty-two years, began farming for himself, having inherited a portion of his father's farm. At the age of twenty-three years lie joined the United Brethren church at Pleasant Hill chapel, and soon thereafter was licensed to preach, and in the year 1857 was appointed by the United Brethren Conference to Pickaway Circuit of Pickaway County, and the following year was appointed to and traveled the Gibisonville Circuit. He then traveled six months for his health through portions of New York, Canada, Michigan, Iowa, Minnesota and Missouri, and through the then unsnrveyed portions of Kansas on foot. After his return home he was en- gaged in local ministerial w r ork and farming until 1863. He was then appointed to the Portland Circuit in Meigs County, and preached eight months. His health having failed he returned to his farm and has been engaged in local ministerial work, farming and wool -growing to the present time. March 30, 1880, he married Miss Lida, daughter of George W. and Mariah J. (Eaton) Cray, near Circleville, Ohio, who is also a member of the United Brethren church. In 1804 Mr. Iles's grandfather, Peter Saunders, first settled on the farm now owned by Wm. Westenhaver, including the present site of the fire-brick works, gas works, warehouse and furniture factory of Logan. Peter Saunders died April 5, 1834, in the seventy-first }'ear of his age, and his wife, Elizabeth Saunders, died Jan. 10, 1831, in the fifty- ninth year of her age. They had two children — Elizabeth and Nancy. Their remains now rest in the cemetery at Logan. His • grandfather, Henry lies, was born and reared in England, and in the Revolutionary War was compelled to fight in favor of the British Government, and was taken as a prisoner of war in New York. Not being in sympathy with the British in opposing the liberty of the American people, and through his kindness to the guards of the prison he obtained their good will, and was thereby enabled to make his escape and went on foot to Rockingham County, Va. He married Miss Mary M. Stine, of Reading, Pa.; as the fruit of their marriage there were born unto them ten children, eight sons and two daughters. About the year 1802 they moved to Gl 962 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Licking County, Ohio. His occupation was that of tailoring. He died Jan. 14, 1814, in the fifty-sixth year of his age. His wife, Mary M. (Stine) lies, was born in Reading, Pa., and died Feb. 14, 1832, in the sixty-ninth year of her age. Their remains rest in the cemetery in Bennington Township, Licking Co. , Ohio. William Armstrong was born in County Cavan, Ireland, Dec. 23, 1809, and died Feb. 12, 1883, being the youngest of a family of four sons and four daughters who gained their majority. He with his parents emigrated to America in his fourth year, and settled in Stark County, Ohio. In the seventeenth year of his age he com- menced a four years' apprenticeship at the tinning business in Steubenville, Ohio, and in 1834 engaged in the business in East Rushville, Fairfield Co., Ohio, and there was married to Miss Mar- garet J. Lacey, on the 18th of June, 1835, who, with four sons and one daughter, still survive him. Nov. 30, 183S, he moved to Logan, Hocking Co., Ohio, where he resumed his occupation, giving it his personal attention during the time that his health would allow, establishing an honest business reputation. As characteristic of his nationality, he was a man of warm and generous impulses, easily persuaded, but not easily driven; always ready to take his stand for the right. After several months of protracted suffering, and arranging his temporal matters, he awaited his summons to call him from labor to rest, and peacefully passed away. Charles Worth James,& retired merchant of Logan, was born near Winchester, Va., Dec. 25,1811. When about nine years old he went with his parents, Elijah and Margaret (Didenhover) James, to Loudoun County, Va., settling near Union. He was educated in the ordinary subscription schools of that day. On leaving home he was employed as clerk in the store of John Francis, at Mounts- ville, Va., remaining with him over one year, when he was employed in a country store in Loudoun County, by Joseph W. Rich- ardson, with whom he remained eighteen month?, when, in Novem- ber, 1832, his employer removed his goods to Logan, Ohio, and Mr. James was sent in charge of them. He carried on the mer- cantile business for Mr. Richardson, who remained in Virginia, until 1835, when the store was sold and our subject was engaged in settling up the business. In 1S35 he was elected. Recorder of Hocking County, and re-elected in 1836,filling the position six years. In 1S37 he was aj pointed by the Associate Judges of Hocking County, Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas for a term of seven years. At the expiration of his term in 1814 he was re-appointed HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 963 for a term of seven years. In 1S50 he was elected Representative of Hocking County to the General Assembly of Ohio, and re- signed his clerkship to accept the office, in the fall of 1850 he was re-elected Representative. In the Assembly of 1851 the time of office of Representative was made two years instead of one, so Mr. James served as Representative three sessions. Nov. 1, 1832, he was married to Martha Brown, of Beaver Dam, Loudoun Co., Va. They have eight children — William Franklin, a clerk in Lo- gan; Mary Ellen, relict of A. J. Smith, of Logan; Charles Wesley, also a clerk of Logan; Martha Ann, wife of C. C. Norton, of Green- field, Ohio; Thomas E„ of Logan; James Henry, of Columbus, Ohio; John Clinton and Alfred dishing, of Logan. Mr. and Mrs. James have been members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Logan since 1834. He is a Master, Royal Arch and Council Mason, and is a member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, and of Logan Chapter, No. 75, of which he is Principal Sojourner, and is Past High Priest. He is also a member of Hockhocking Council, No. 39,. of which he was Thrice Illustrious Mister for seven years. He is also an Odd Fellow, and a member of Hocking V alley Lodge, No. 162, of which he is Past Grand. For several years he was as- sociated with J. L. Collins in the mercantile business at Logan, under the firm name of J. L. Collins & Co. In 1S60 he gave his interest to his two sons, William T., and Charles W., and retired from that business. He afterward became associated with William Dewar, and purchased a partial interest in the Hocking Falls flour- ing mills at Logan, and was engaged in milling some two or three years, when the mill burned. They then rebuilt and contin- ued business some time, when it was sold on partition, and they then built the present Hocking Mills, being associated with Will- iam Dewar and A. -I. Wright. He afterward sold his interest and retired from that business, when he purchased a farm in the vicin- ity of Logan, where he pursued farming until 1881, when he sold his farm, retired from business, and took up his residence at Logan. Jacob Keller, grocer, was born near Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, March 20, 1820. In his seventeenth year li 3 came to the United States with his parents, John and Elizabeth (Rozraan) Keller, locat- ing on a farm near Logan. Feb. 12, 1S11, he married Sarah Ilen- sel, of Hocking County, and settled on a firm in Falls Township. In 1853 he sold his farm, and in 1854 came to Logan and engaged in the grocery business. In May, 1854, -his wife died, leaving one child — Susannah, now Mrs. Jacob Keller, of Lancaster. May 31, 964 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1855, he married Elizabeth Riuber, of Logan. They have one child — Tena, wife of Charles Tergansmeyer, of Hocking County. Mr. and Mrs. Keller are members of the Lutheran church. Lewis F. Keller, merchant, Postmaster and station agent at Webb Summit, Hocking County, was born near Lancaster, Fair- field Co., Ohio, June 24, 1848. He was educated at Pleasant- ville, Fairfield County, and enlisted in the late war, Company I, Seventeenth Ohio Infantry, where he served nineteen months, par- ticipating in fourteen battles during that time. The most impor- tant of these wereResaca, Dallas, Kennesaw Mountain, Atlanta and Savannah. He spent three years and a half in Illinois, and was married Oct. 22, 1872, to Mattie, daughter of John C. Beery. They have one child — Mary Forest. Mr. Keller kept a hotel in Bremen from 1875 to 1878, and in the latter year came to Webb Summit, where he succeeded Isaac Elder in the mercantile business, which he has since carried on with good success. William P. Kennedy, blacksmith at the Gore coal mines of the Columbus and Hocking Coal and Iron Company, was born in Perry County, Ohio, May S, 1832, a son of William Kennedy, deceased, who was a native of Pennsylvania. Our subject enlisted in the late war in Company C, Sixty-second Ohio Infantry, and participated in many hard-fought battles; among them were: Fort Wagner, Deep Bottom, Petersburg, Richmond, Wilderness and Winchester. He was married in December, 1855, to Margaret, daughter of Eli Spohn (deceased). They were the parents of nine children, seven of whom survive — Alice A., Josephus, Edward, Hannah, John, Frank and Nelly Blanche. Mr. Kennedy is a mem- ber of the 1. O. O. F., and belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church. Joseph Nicholas Kessler, of the firm of J. N. Kessler & Son, jewelers, and proprietor of the Tivola saloon, was born in Prussia, March 20, 1835. When two years old his parents emigrated to the United States, where they settled on a farm in Marion Township, Hocking County, where he was reared, and his father, being a cooper, he also learned that trade. In 1859 he came to Logan and established a cooper shop, but discontinued that business in 1864, when he opened a saloon. In 1880 his son William became asso- ciated with him in his present jewelry business at Logan, his son having the management of that business. He has served five years on the City Council. May 1, I860, he was married to Miss Char- lotte Weinheimer, of Marietta. Ohio, by whom he has seven HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY." 905 children, viz.: William F., Henry Peter, Anna, Edward, Flora, Mary, Lawrence. Himself and wife are members of St. John the Evangelist's Catholic Church of Logan. Nicholas Kessler, one of the old settlers of Hocking County, was born in the village of Outwaeler, Prussia, March 7, 180L, where he was reared and learned the cooper's trade. In 1837 he emigrated to America and settled on a farm in Marion Township, Hocking County, where he farmed and worked at his trade till 1867, when he retired from business and came to Logan to reside near his children. In January, 1830, he married Maria Blasseus. They have eight children living, viz.: John, in Fairfield County, Ohio; Joseph N., of Logan; Nicholas, in Fairfield County; Elizabeth, wife of Peter Weinheimer, of Washington County; Mary and Kate, milliners, in Logan; Barbara, at home, and Frank at Logan. His wife died Dec. 16, 1879, and at the time of her death was a member of St. John the Evangelist's Church of Logan, Mr. Kessler being also a member of that church. Joel Kittsmiller, son of Benjamin and Elizabeth Kittsmiller, was born near Carl, Fairfield Co., Ohio, July 10, 1820. When ten years old he came with his parents to Ohio, they settling on a farm near the Falls Mills. On becoming of age he began to act for him- self and followed farming five years. In 1816 he came to Logan and was employed in the store of J. Rochester & Sons, with whom he clerked thirty-three years. In 1879 he became associated with his son Robert in the grocery business, in which he still contin- ues. Mr. Kittsmiller has been married three times, his first wife leaving him one child — Robert. He has had seven children by his third wife, viz.: James; Mace, wife of William Armstrong, of Hocking County; Emma. Murt, Frank, Grace and Effie. Mr. Kittsmiller and wife are members of the M. E. church, of Logan. Samuel C. Kreider, M. D., deceased, fifth son of Daniel and Salome (Carpenter) Kreider, was born in Huntingdon County, Penn., July 21, 1816. When eight years of age he and three brothers came to Royalton, Fairfield Co., Ohio, on foot. He made his home and studied medicine with his brother, Dr. M. Z. Krei- der. From Royalton he removed to Lancaster, Ohio, where he completed his studies and was Deputy County Clerk. He then began practicing medicine at Pleasantville, Ohio, and remained there one year; thence to Geneva and practiced seven }-ears, and from there to Lancaster for a few months. He then located at Sus-ar Grove and remained four years. He then established a drug 966 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. store in connection with his practice at Dresden, Ohio, but remained there only a few months. lie then came to Logan, Hocking County, and had a drugstore and practiced tour years. lie then removed to South Perry and was there two years. He then purchased a farm in Falls Township where he lived two years. He then removed to Tarlton, Pickaway County, and practiced two years, and then returned to his farm and lived ten years; then lived in Perry Township a year, and returned again to his farm and prac- ticed until 1SS1, his sons carrying on the farm. May 2, 1S3S, he married Rebecca S., daughter of Peter and Susan (Herdle) Weldy, of Hocking County. They had eight children, rive living — Peter W., of Laurel Township; Minerva S., wife of Samuel Love, Macon County, Mo.: Susan E., widow of John Robinson, of Seneca County, Ohio; Charlotte and Emm it, at home. Michael Z., Edmund S. and Flavins P. died in infancy. Dr. Kreider died April 10, 1881. lie was a member of the United Brethren church. His widow and three children reside on the farm. Mrs. Kreider is a member of the Tinted Brethren church. Michael Krieg, Logan, Ohio, born near Sarbourg, department o( Mansi, in northeastern part of France. Feb. 15. 1S25, came with parents to United States iu 1S30, landing at Wilmington, Del. The family remove,! to Ohio after six weeks, in their own wagon, and located on a farm in Wayne County. In 1S39 fam- ily removed to farm in Ferry County. From here Michael Krieg came to Logan and apprenticed himself to learn cabinet trade with David Goss, served three years; went to McConnelsville and worked in shop there a few months, then to Xanesville, Ohio. At both places commanded highest wages paid to first-jlass workmen. When he went to Zanesville had opportunity to seethe finest work known to the tra le. making of pianos, etc.. and determined to mas- ter that and bscome a master mechanic. He engaged to work un- der instruction at $6 per month when he could have had $1S per week had he been content to stop short !' 1871. In the spring of L874 he came to Logan and now has an extensive practice in both city and country, making chronic diseases a specialty. In 1878 he was ap- BISTORT OF HOCKING VALLEY. 9Q9 pointed Physician of the Hocking Count}' Infirmary, serving till 1881. In 18S3 he was appointed to the same position and also Phy- sician of the Children's Home. In 1883 he was a delegate to the National Medical Association at Indianapolis, Ind. In I860 Dr Mansfield married Josephine M. Centers, of Point Pleasant, W. Va. She died in March, 1874, leaving two children — Stanley E. and Jessie L. Dec. 24, 1881, he married Mattie Castell, of Sugar Grove, Fairfield Co., Ohio. Dr. Mansfield is a member of Paramutiiia Lodge, No. 25, A. F. & A. M., Athens, and James K. Rochester Post, No. 140, Gr. A. R., Logan. Isaac Mat/lias, breeder and dealer in short horn cattle and Ches- ter white hogs, Enterprise, Hocking Co., Ohio, eldest son of Abraham and Christina (Zeller) Mathias, was born in Falls Town- ship, Hocking Co., Ohio, Jan. 25, 1827. lie lived with his parents till manhood, receiving a common-school education. At the age of twenty-two years he purchased the farm first settled and cleared by his grandfather, Jacob Zeller, who settled on the land in 1805. On this farm is an apple-tree of the Penick variety transplanted in 180s, which measures ten feet in circumference five feet from the ground; a pear-tree planted at the same time now measures six feet seven inches in circumference five from ground. These trees are regular bearers of fine fruit at the present time. In April, 1850, Mr. Mathias removed to the farm where he now resides, lie also owns other lands in this township, in April, 1850, he married Margaret A., daughter of John and Mary (Havener) Lanham, of Falls Township. They have five children — Lewis A., a physician; William P., a school teacher and member of the Board of County School Examiners; Sarah E., Joel B. and Edward S. at home. Mary E. died at the age of twenty-six years; Amos L., in his second year, and a son and daughter died in infancy. Mrs. Mathias died Jan. 6, 1878, in her fiftieth year. She was a member of the United Brethren church. April 27, 1882, he married Mrs. Martha Amer- ine, widow of Joseph Amerine and daughter of Jacob and Martha (Kelley) Reddick, of Washington Township. Mr. ami Mrs. Mathias are members of the United Brethren church. Thomas Foster McCarthy, Sheriff* of Hooking County. Ohio, was born in Logan, Oct. 18, 1853, a son of Dennis and Alcinda (Gallagher) McCarthy. When he was five years of age his parents removed to a farm in the vicinity of Logan, and when he was four- teen years of age his father died, lie remained ,vith his mother till he was eighteen years of age. when he was employed a- assistant 970 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. freight agent, for the C, H. V. & T. Railroad, under his uncle, William Gallagher. In the spring of 1872, having saved his earn, ings, he went to Springfield, Ohio, and attended the Wittenberg College till the spring of 1873. Soon after his return home he was employed as weighmaster and assistant superintendent of the Lick Run Mining Company, in Athens. In the spring of 1874 he took the contract to supply the workmen on the abutments of the Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad bridge at Logan with stone. In the fall of that year he made a Western trip, prospect- ing; went to Madison, Wis., and was employed by Colonel Thomas Reynolds in the United States Pension Office two months; was then in the office of the Secretary of State five months; then went to St. Louis, Kansas City and San Francisco, returning to Chicago, where he was employed in the wholesale store of Field, Leiter & Co., and by them sent to Valparaiso. Ind., to work in the retail store of C. H. Osgood. In the fall of 1875 he returned to Logan and worked on his mother's farm till the spring of 1877, when he took the con- tract to furnish the stone curbing for the streets of Logan, and the following fall returned to the farm. In the fall of 1879 he was appointed Deputy Sheriff by Sheriff J. M. Acker, and in the fall of 1881 was elected Sheriff of Hocking County, his term expiring in December, 1883. April 21, 1881, Mr. McCarthy married Ida M. Murphy, of Logan. They have two children — Corean and Idean, twins. Mr. McCarthy is a member of Logan Lodge, No. 119, K. of P., and Mingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. & A. M. William D. McCarthy, deceased, contractor and superintendent of the Ohio and Hocking Canal, second son of Patrick and Catharine (McBride) McCarthy, was born in the Parish of Drumlise. Ireland, March 4, L812. He attended common schools for a time, and be- ing ambitious and of a progressive turn he used all available means to procure money, and attended select schools, studying geometry, trigonometry, and the higher braches of mathematics late at night by a fire of a few bits of turf. When eighteen years of age he came to the United States and first settled in the city of New York and remained there six months; from there to Houesdale, Pen n., where he was engaged in civil engineering for two years. He then contracted to construct a bridge at Maysville, Ivy., and after completing his contract he weut to Logansport, Ind., ami contracted to construct a canal. He was then superintendent of construction of that portion of the Hocking Canal known as the side cut, west of Lancaster. He had charge of the work of con- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 971 structing the dam at Falls Mill, near Logan, in August, 1840. In 1846 he purchased a farm near Logan. In l s 4> he made a trip to California, and was engaged mining in the San Juan Valley a year. lie then returned home and purchased the Worthington lands, where he resided to the time of his death. When he re- turned from California he again superintended the canal till it was leased by the State to McCarthy, Stewart, Cooper it; Co. for ten years.. When their term of lease was up he again superintended it until 1865, when he resigned, and in 1866 was elected Treasurer of Hocking County, and re-elected at the close of his first term. He was a Master Mason — a charter member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, F. & A. M. Feb. 10, 1845, he married Alcinda, daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Lewis) Gallagher. She is of Virginian pa- rentage. Seven living children are the fruit of their union — Charles and William, of Logan; Thomas F., Sheriff of Hocking County; Frances, wife of Richard S. Weitzell; Mary A., Katie and Alma IL, at home. Kate, their first daughter, died Aug. 7, 1S51, aged six years. W. D. McCarthy died Jan. 22, 1S68. He was of the Presbyterian faith. Mrs. Alcinda McCarthy, widow of deceased, is living on the farm, her three daughters being with her. She is a member of the Presbyterian church. William Williamson McCray, son of William and Sarah (Will- iamson) McCray, was born near Lancaster, Fairfield Cj., Ohio, Sept. 26, 1833, where he was reared. He was educated in the dis- trict schools and by private study, and at the age of twenty began to teach in the district schools of the county during the winter terms and farming the remainder of the year till 1864. In that year he accepted the position of teacher in the "A" grammar de- partment of the Union Schools of Logan, which he filled for five years. In 1869 he was promoted to the superin tendency of the 6ame school, in which position he still continues. Oct. 2, 1861, he married Miss Emmaletta, daughter of Jones Gibbony, of Fairfield County. They have six children living, viz.: Minnette May, Each el Lillian, Bertha Virginia, Sarah Miranda. Miry Emmaletta and Clarence Gibbony. The eldest child, William, died Oct. 8, 1864, at the age of two years and three months. Eimself and wife are members of the First Presbyterian Church of Logan. He is an ( )dd Fellow and member of Hocking Valley Lodge, No. 262, and of Mineral Encampment, No. 91, of Logan, and is Past Grand and Past Patriarch. 972 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. William W. McDonald, farmer, fourth son of Robert and Mary A. (Starrett) McDonald, was born near Hemlock, Perry Co., Ohio, Dec. 4, 1848, where he lived until fifteen yeara of age, working on farm and attending the common schools. In his sixteenth }'ear, February, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Thirty-first Ohio Infantry, at New Lexington, Ohio, as a private, for three years. He, with his command, was for a time at Camp Chase, thence via Cincinnati to Nashville, Tenn; from there to Chattanooga. Was with Sherman in the battles of Resaca, Dallas, Kennesaw Mountain, Marietta, and the siege and capture of Atlanta. After the capture of Atlanta he was with his command in pursuit of Hood as far north as Rome and Kingston, Ga. From Kingston they returned to Atlanta, and while foraging near Milledgeville, Ga., he was taken prisoner and was confined in Augusta prison for a short time, thence to Columbia, S. C, and from Columbia to the stockade prison at Florence, S. C, where he suffered all the priva- tions of thirst and hunger endured by so many in the Southern prisons. He was held in Florence two months, then a few da}^s in Wilmington, N. C, then to Goldsborough, where he was paroled and returned to the Federal forces near Wilmington, and was sent to Annapolis, Md., where he was discharged June 1, 1865. He then returned home to Perry County, and at twenty years of age began teaching school; taught during winter and attended school during the summer of two years. In the spring of 1870 he made a trip through the West and homesteaded a piece of land in Kansas. He returned and taught school the following winter, and in the spring of 1873 removed to his land, in Kansas. In 1879 he rented out his farm and returned to Falls Township and lived two years on a farm he there purchased, when he sold out and purchased the farm where he now resides. He is a member of Hocking Valley Lodge No. 262, I. O. O. F., Logan, Ohio. Dec. 31, 1872, he married Isabel, daughter of John W. and Jane (Hazleton^ Ball, of Falls Township. They have three children — George B., Lewis A. and Winford W., all at home. Carl R. died in infancy. Abraham McLahi, photographer, is the son of Charles and Nancy (Spearlock) McLain, and was born Dec. 3, 183±, in Jack- son Township, Perry County, but when three years old he moved to Starr Township, Hocking County, where he was reared on a farm and educated. In October, 1854, he went to Jefferson County, Iowa, remaining there a year when he returned to Hocking County and resumed farming in Starr Township. Dec. 10, 1861, he en- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 973 listed in Company PI, Sixty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, to serve three years, and in January, 1861, he re-enlisted in the same com- pany and regiment, serving till July, 1865, when he was dis- charged at Louisville, Ky. He participated in the battles of New Madrid, Island No. 10, Corinth, and was with Sherman from Ke- saca to the sea. After his discharge he returned to Hocking County and farmed till 1806, when he engaged in farming near Kockport, Atchison Co., Mo., until the latter part of 1867. He then re- turned to Starr Township and followed farming till April, 1S83, wdien he came to Logan and with his son, John D., established Mc- Laiu's Photograph Gallery. lie was married Oct. 1, 1851, to Miss Priscilla Crawford, of Starr Township, by whom he has had four children, three of whom are living — John D., Charles Wesley and James Finley; Emma died Sept. 26, 1861, at the age of eight years. Mr. McLain and wife are members of the Methodist Epis- copal church at Logan. J. D. MeLahi, of McLain & Beery, leading photographers of Logan, was born near Fairfield, Iowa, March 11, 1856. When one year old he came with his parents to Hocking County. With the exception of one year, when the family were in Rockport, Atchi- son Co., Mo., he lived on his father's farm in Starr Township. Young McLain attended school until twenty-one, then came to Logau and worked at the marble-cutter's trade three years. He then began the study of painting portraits in Logan under D. D. Beardsley, of New York, for one year. He then followed portrait painting in oil and water colors until February, 1872, when he began to learn photography under J. M. Graham. Four months after he bought out Mr. Graham, and has improved his studio from time to time, adding the latest and best photographic instru- ments, until he has one of the finest and most complete studios in Hocking Valley. On June 15, 1883, Mr. McLain took Mr. G. W . Beery, artist, into partnership, and they are now prepared to do all kinds of first-class photography. Mr. McLain married Miss Alma Beagle, May 7, 1870. She was born in Hocking County. Mr. and Mrs. McLain have one daugher, Naomi, born April 11, 1S80. Robert Dallas McManigal, operator in iron ore, was born near McVeytown, Mifflin Co., Fa, March 16, 1844, and is the fourth of six sons of Robert and Elizabeth (Bell) McManigal. His father died when he was thirteen years old, and he remained with his mother till sixteen years of age, receiving an education at the pub- 974 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. lie schools. On leaving home he went to Washington City, D. C. , where he was employed as a clerk in the dry -goods and fancy store of Alexander Morrison for eighteen months, when he returned to the homestead and engaged in farming till June, 1S62. He then enlisted fur a three months' service in Company C, One Hundred and Thirty-first Regiment, Pennsylvania 'Volunteer Infantry, re- turning home after the expiration of his term. of service. Soon after he went to Brown County, Ohio, and was in the store of C. New- kirk until August, 186-1, when he enlisted in the Fourth Ohio In- dependent Company Cavalry to serve one year, but served only till July, 1865, or till the close of the war. His company was assigned to duty in the Fifteenth and Seventeenth Army Corps as escort to General O. O. Howard. He was detailed dispatch bearer under General Howard from December, 1861, until his discharge. He was with Sherman in his celebrated march from Atlanta to the sea, and from Savannah, Georgia, to Washington City, 1). C. After his discharge at Camp Dennison he visited his old home in Pennsyl- vania, after which he returned to Ohio, where he was employed as store-keeper by J. C. Garrett & Co., proprietors of the furnace at Union Furnace, Hocking County, with whom he remained till 1S68, and then by their successors in Hocking Valley Iron Company as bookkeeper till 1872, when that company was succeeded by Brooks & Houston, of. Columbus, by whom he was engaged as general manager until 1S7S. He then returned to Nelsonville and was employed a year as superintendent of the Akron Iron Com- pany's Furnace, at Buchtel. In May, 1880, he came to Logan, en- gaging in his present business. On Oct. 16, 1870, he was married to Miss Clara M., daughter of John AV. and Elizabeth (Fielding) Work, of Logan. They have been blessed with five children, viz.: Lizzie Bell, Charles Fielding, Frank Garrett, Bertha Work and Ella Williams. He and wife are members of the First Presbyterian Church. He is a member of Hocking Valley Lodge, No. 262, and Mineral Encampment, No. 91, I. O. O. F., of Logan. D. A. Miller, merchant of Logan, is a native of Ohio and was born in Jackson, Jackson County, April 25, 1835. lie attended school there. At ten years of age ho began to learn the printer's trade and worked on the Jackson Standard as a compositor until 1859, when he came to Logan and worked on the Logan Republican as manager and foreman until 1861, when he enlisted in Company H, Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry; enlisted as a private but wad pro- moted to Sergeant, then First Lieutenant. He was shot through HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 075 the left hip joint at the battle of Gettysburg, July 1, 1863, and soon after returned home. As soon as able he reported at the Government Medical Board at Columbus, and was sent to the hos- pital at Covington, Ky., where he remained until January, 1S64, when he received his discharge and returned home to Logan. In 1806 he was appointed collector for the Hocking Valley Canal Company, and still retains that office. From I860 till 1878 he was engaged in the grocery business. In 1878 he sold out and opened the Logan House, of which he was proprietor until 1880 when he opened his present store. lie carries a stock of $1,500 of general merchandise. Mr. Miller was married to Miss Lucinda Eathburne, Oct. 9, 1865. She was born in Logan, daughter of James E. Rathburne. Mr. and Mrs. Miller had three children — Mary M., Lucinda and Georgia. The mother died Dec. 3, 1875; she was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Miller married Mrs. Cerepta Davis, Sept. 21, 1881. She was born in Vinton County, Ohio, Sept. 15, 1852, daughter of Harrison and Mary Wilkinson. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have one daughter — Bessie E. Mr. Miller is a member of the Hocking Valley Lodge, No. 262, I. O. O. F. and has passed the chairs in the subordinate encampment and the encampment. Is also a member of Logan Lodge, No. 119, K. of P., and of the G. A. R. In politics Mr. Miller is a Repub- lican. He has been elected Township Clerk and member of the City Council and still retains the latter office. He is one of the lead- ing merchants and business men of Logan. He was the third son of a family of six daughters and four sons. His parents were Alexander and Harmeon (James) Miller. His father was born near the line between Canada and New York. He was a school- teacher and hotel man. He died in 1854. His wife was born in Jackson, Ohio, a daughter of one of the oldest settlers of Jackson County, and is still living in Jackson County. She is a member of the Protestant Methodist church. William McAboy Montgomery, grocer and restauranter, is the son of William and Eliza (Claxton) Montgomery, and was born at Logan, Nov. 28, 1835, still residing in the house where he was born. At the age of fifteen he was apprenticed to Raymond Belt to learn the trade of molder, serving nearly three years, and in the spring of 1854 he went to Fredericktown, Ohio, working at his trade till October of the following year, when he returned to Logan. In November, 1855, he became associated with his brother John in the grocery trade, under the firm name of Mont- 976 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. gomerv Bros. In May, 1857, his brother retired from the firm, and, with the exception of one year that he engaged in farming, he has ever sine? carried on the business at the same stand. On April 12, 1857, he was married to Miss Mary Ann Rolston, of Hocking County. They have been blessed with ten children, eight of whom are living, viz.: Fanny Josephine, Charles Porter. Katy Eliza, Edward E., Mary Eliza, Julia Winforce, and Clarence and Clara (twins). In May, 1861, Mr. Montgomery went out with Company K, One Hundred and Fifty-second Regiment. Ohio Na- tional Guards, as a private and served on guard duty in the fortifi- cations at Washington, D. C, until September of the same year, when he was discharged on the expiration of his term of service. Meredith Darlington Moore, junior member of the lirm of Col- lins & Moore, was born in Newark, Ohio, July 19, 1S42, the eld- est of four children ot Win, M. and Eveline (Darlington) Moore. He was reared in his native town, receiving a common-school edu- cation. When twenty years of age he was employed as book- keeper for Peter Hayden, proprietor of the Haydenville Coal Works, for whom he worked till 1867, when became to Logan and formed a partnership with Jesse L. Collins. From 1875 till 1880 Mr. Moore was City Clerk of Logan. Sept. 24, 1S77, he married Mary C, daughter of Jesse L. Collins. They have one child — William C. Mr. and Mrs. Moore are members of the Methodist church. He is an Odd Fellow, a member of Hockhocking Lodge, No. 262, of which he is Past Grand, and of Mineral Encampment, No. 91, of which he is Past Chief Patriarch. Robert Motherwell* superintendent of the Motherwell Iron and Steel Company's works, was born near Glasgow, Scotland, Nov. 5, 1815, a son of Alexander and Jane Motherwell. Wheo seventeen years of age he emigrated to America, landing in Portland, Me., April 26, L863, remaining there till 1866. While in Scotland he learned the trade of a heavy blacksmith, and after coming to America, while in Portland, was employed in the Casco Bay Forge Works, on Government work. In 1866 he went to Pittsburg, Pa., and worked in the Reese, Graft & Buyers Rolling Mills till 1868, when he removed to Lancaster, Ohio, and with his brothers James and William founded the Motherwell Bros. Shovel and Spade Works. In 1881 he and his brother James came to Logan and founded the Motherwell Iron and Steel Works. Jan. IS, 1870, Mr. Motherwell married Louise Rich, of Lancaster, Ohio. ^ They have six children — Hattie, Alice, Jennie, Lola, Grace and Mary. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 977 Mr. and Mrs. Motherwell are members of St. Peter's Lutheran Church, of Lancaster. He is a Master Mason, a member of the lodge in Lancaster. Alfred C. Murphy, farmer, son of William and Mary A. (Fries- ner) Murphy, was born in Falls Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, Sept. 23, 1S53. At the age of twenty-one years he began farming for himself on his father's farm. In 18S0 he removed to the farm where he now resides, adjoining Good Hope and Marion town- ships. March 18, 1880, he married Mary E., daughter of Henry and Mary E. (Warthman) Hansel, of Falls .Township. Himself and wife are members of the United Brethren church. Lloyd Myers, general insurance agent, Logan, was born at Ply- mouth, Washington Co., Ohio, March 21, 1840, a son of Dr. Jacob L. and Rhoda (Case) Myers. When he was twelve years of age his parents removed to Lancaster, Ohio, and from there in 1851: to Logan. He was educated in the common schools, and when fourteen began to work in the steam flouring mill at Logan, packing flour. In 1857 he was apprenticed to learn the trade of a blacksmith, and in March, 1S61, started a shop of his own in Lo- gan, but the following S3ptember closed his shop, and enlisted in Company D, Seventeenth Ohio Infantry, and served till Jan. 2, 1865. He with his regiment participated in the battles of Wild- cat, Mill Springs, Corinth, Perryville, Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Kennesaw ^Mountain, At- lanta, Jonesboro, Savannah and many other hard-fought battles. After his return home he was employed in the machine shops of Raymond Belt till the fall of 1868, when he formed a partnership with C. Kuqua and F. H. Chidester in the manufacture of wagons and carriages and blacksmithing, remaining with them till 1871. From that time till 1880 he was in business alone. He then sold out and became established in his present business. May 10, 1860, he married Susan Gibson, of Logan, who died Feb. 5, 1866, leaving one child — Charles O. Nov. 30, 1870, he married Mrs. M. A. Pryor. They had two children — Ada O. and Mary Bertha. Mrs. Myers died March 11, 1877. Mr. Myers is a member of the Methodist church. He is a Master, Royal Arch and Council Ma- son. He has been Master of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, since 1878, and is King of Logan Chapter, No. 75, and Conductor of Hock- hocking Council, No. 39. He is a member of James K. Rochester Post, No. 110, G. A. R. 62 978 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Prof. David J. Newman, Principal of the Gore schools, was born Auo\ 6, 1842, in Morgan County, Ohio, and is the son of Da- vid Newman, a native of Maryland, residing near Malta, Morgan County. Our subject was educated at the High School at McCon- nelsville, Ohio, and in the fall of 1863 began teaching in Morgan County. He taught there three years, and in 18 67 came to Perry County, Ohio, teaching near New Lexington three years. In 1870 he was appointed Principal of the Straitsville school, which position he held for seven years. He has been Principal of the Gore schools for the last three years, and as an instructor Mr. Newman has been eminently successful. In September, 1863, he was married to Mary E., daughter of Thornton L. Hickerson. They have a family of three children whose names are — Ida M., Oscar S. and Howard L. Mr. Newman is a member of the I. O. O. F. society. Azariah Nixon, farmer, son of Isaac and Sarah (Sherlock) Nixon, was born near Maxville, Perry Co., Ohio, Jan. 15, 1838. He ]ived there with his parents until nineteen years of age, when he began teaching school and taught sixteen terms. In 1867 he pur- chased a farm in Perry County. In 1870 he sold his farm and re- moved to Falls Township, Hocking County, and purchased the farm where he now resides. He was Trustee of Falls Township for the^ years 1879, 1880 and 1881. Oct. 9, 1862, he married Mary A., daughter of Joseph D, and Susan A. (Reyner) Woodruff, of Pern- County, Ohio. They have three children — Amma A., Susan A. and William H., all at home. Mr. and Mrs. Nixon are members of the Old School Baptist church. John T. Nutter, residing on section 26, was born in Green Township, this county, Sept. 14, 1835. He is a son of John Nut- ter, of Green Township. He removed with his father to Wells- County, Ind., from whence he returned in 1845, where he has since resided with the . exception of two years spent in Perry County, Ohio. During his life he has followed the occupation of a farmer and dealer in real estate most of the time, but for the past four years has mined ore. lie owns 353 acres of land. At one time he owned over 1,300 acres, besides a one-sixteenth interest in 6,000 acres on Snow Fork in Ward Township. He was married June 11, 1857, to Clarissa, daughter of Jacob Whetstone, of Perry County, Ohio. They have had eleven children, ten still living — Jacob H., Mary E., Robert, John, Clara, Charles, Julia, Richard, Emmit .and Elmer. Mr. Nutter has served the township as Constable for some time, and also as Township Trustee a few years. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 979 Thomas Sansom Nutter was born in Harrison County, W. Va., Sept. 4, 1839, a son of Jesse H. G., and Mary (McWhorter) Nutter, both residents of Logan. His grandfather, Colonel Thomas C. Nutter, was an officer in the war of 1812. His grandfather, Thomas McWhorter, died in 1816, from disease contracted in that war. A great-uncle, John McWhorter, and another, Charles Nutter, were also soldiers in that war. In the late war of the Rebellion Mr. Nutter, his father, brother and several relative-, were in the war for the Union. In January, 1843, Mr. Nutter's parents came to Ohio and settled in Adelphi, Ross County, and in the spring of 1845 settled in what is now Perry Township, Hoaking County. In 1850 they went to Pickaway County, and after a residence there of two years returned to Virginia, and settled twelve miles north of Glen- ville, in Gilmer County. In the spring of 1861, ju^t at the break- ing out of the Rebellion, they removed to the adjoining county, Ritchie. At this time Mr. Nutter was at work in the oil regions of Burning Springs, Wirt County, and almost in a day after the tiring on Fort Sumter the works were deserted, and because they be- longed to Northern men were destroyed before the close of the war and have never been rebuilt. Early in May, 1861, Mr. Nut- ter returned home, and, with others of his neighbors, arm 3d him- self against the depredations of small bands of rebel guerrillas from the more southern counties, who were frequently prowling through the neighborhood. In August Mr. Nutter engaged to drive a team for General Rosecrans's army, then at Clarksburg. He accompanied them to Sutton, Big Birch River, and was with them at the battle of Carnifax Ferry, Sept. 10. Oct. 10 he was dis- charged from the service as a teamster, sick, and without a cent of money, and 200 miles from jdiome. He arrived at home a week later, by begging his way, having never received any pay for his services thus far. Feb. 6, 1862, he enlisted as a private in Com pany K, Tenth West Virginia Volunteers, and on the organization of the company was elected Orderly Sergeant. His regiment was in active service from that time till the close of the war. At the battle of Winchester, July 24, 1864, he was wounded in the left hip, from which forty-two pieces of bone were removed. February, 1865, he rejoined his regiment, and March 22 was commissioned First Lieutenant, and assigned to the command of Company II. He was at the surrender of the city of Richmond, and was discharged Aug. 21, 1865. The following September he settled in Harrisburg, Franklin Co., Ohio, where he resided till February, 1872. engaged 980 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. . in photography. Dec. 20 he removed to South Perry, Hocking County; in May, 1873, to Gibisonville; in July, to Millville, and Sept. 15, to Logan, where he still resides. Mr. Nutter has been some- what of a local politician, newspaper writer and correspondent. He was at one time one of the editors of the Hocking Valley Gazette. He was then a very radical Republican, but is now somewhat con- servative, voting, as he says, ' ; a badly scratched ticket." He has been twice married, having by his first marriage one son — Walter Bruce, who was born June 9, 1869. May 2, 1878, he married Au- netta Mitchel, of Nelsonville, Athens Co., Ohio. They have three children— Mary, born April 7, 1879; Jesse Mitchell, Sept. 22, 1880, and Garfield Blaine, July 22, 1882. Mr. Nutter is a member of James K. .Rochester Post, No. 140, G. A. R., and now holds the office of Senior Vice-Commander. Parley Phelps, of Oreville, Falls-Gore, was born near Cross- cnville, Perry Co., Ohio, June 7, 1813, a son of Renodyne Phelps, also a native of Perry County. Our subject's Grandfather Phelps was a very early settler in Perry County, where Renodyne was born in 1807. Mr. Phelps served as a soldier in the late war in Company D, Thirty-first Ohio Infantry, and participated in the battles of Stone River, Chickamauga, Pittsburg Landing, Perry - ville, Ky., Hoover's Gap, Tenn., and Mineral Springs, Ky. He was wounded and taken prisoner at Chickamauga, where he was kept nine days on the battle-field, then paroled. He came to Camp Chase, and was exchanged the following May. After the war he prepared himself for a teacher, and taught sixteen months, when, in 1870, he engaged in the mercantile business in Old Gore; re- moved the store to New Gore in 1871, and to Oreville in 1872, where he lias since resided, and carries on a good business. He was married Dec. 14, 1871, to Margaret T., daughter of John Nutter, of Green Township. The}' have four children — Cora E., Hester C, Maud M. and Samuel N. William Edgar PJeakharpe, Assistant Secretary of the Mother- well Iron and Steel Woiks, was b:>rn in Palls Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, Dec. 25, 1854, a son of Daniel and Hannah A. (North) Pleukharpe. When he was sixteen years of age his parents moved to Logan. He attended the common schools till eighteen years of age, when he took a commercial course in the Zanesville Business College, graduating in 1873. In 1874 he was employed as clerk- in the grocery store of II. C. Smith, remaining with him till 1877. lie was then employed as weighnnster and bookkeeper for Culver HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 981 & Stalter, dealers in lime and limestone, till 1879. In the fall of the latter year he was employed as manager and bookkeeper in the store of the Winona Iron Company, remaining there till Decem- ber, 1881. He then went to Columbus and engaged in the gro- cery business till January, 1883, when he sold out and accepted his present position. Nov. 15, 1882, Mr. Pleukharpe married Mar- garet Boies, of Perry County, Ohio. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, of Logan. Muynard Pond, son of Erastus and Sarepta (Stanton) Pond, was born at Rushville, N. Y., Sept. 15, 1837. He was educated in the public schools of his native place till 1853, when he left home and came to Logan, where he was employed by his lather,- a con- tractor on the Scioto & Hocking Valley Railroad, until the fol- lowing year. He then attended the Ohio University at Athens, Ohio, one year, and in 1855 returned to Logan, where he was variously employed till I860. In that year he took the contract to carry the United States mail from Portsmouth, Ohio, to Guyan- dotte, W. Ya., making his home at Ironton, Ohio. He remained in the mail service until the spring of 1861, when he enlisted in the Union service, under Captain John S. George, in an inde- pendent company of cavalry, known as Company A. At the ex- piration of his term of service he, in October, 1861, re-enlisted in Company H, Fifth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, to serve three years, and during his whole service he was Orderly Sergeant of his company. He participated in the battle of Pittsburg Land- ing, and a number of cavalry skirmishes, in the last of which he was injured by his horse falling on him, after which he was in the hos- pital at various places till Aug. 26, 1862, when he was discharged for disability. He then returned to Logan, but soon after went to Eau Claire, Wis., where he was engaged in lumbering and farming till 1879, when he again took up his residence in Logan, where he has since been engaged in farming and stock-raising. In March, 1860, he married Miss Janet Anderson, of Logan, by whom he has had eight children, viz.: Hattie, Myron S., Willis M., Charles A., Sarah E., Frank B., Fanny S. and Florence A. Mr. Pond and wife are members of the Fir.-t Presbyterian Church. Aaron Aikin Price, contractor and builder, Logan, was born in McConnelsville, Morgan Co., Ohio, Feb. 20,1837, the third of four sons of William P. and Sarah (Hanesworth) Price. When an in- fant his parents came to Hocking County, settling in Washington Township. When he was seven years of age his father died. He 111 IT0B1 OF BOl II'.'. VALLEY. remained with hii mother till ! rel eai ol age, and then wont to ii e with a married lister in the lame neighborhood, making his home with her till leventeen yeai i He worked in Pioka and Hocking coontlei the next two reai i, and when nineteen i i to iearn the carpenter's trade of Samuel Price(acou In) worl villi in in nil I860. In tip- ipringof that year ii<- wenl to Pal Oonnty, M<», thence to Wisconsin, returning to Morgan nty, Ohio, the following fall. In Jane, L868, be enlisted in < . in | >:i it > I. I'nt Ohio Heavy Artillery, for three reai ll- had been drafted in 1862, but wai rejected on aocounl of a crippled arm. He wai in the Army of the Cumberland in Kentucky and Tennessee, and wai promoted to Corporal, tie wai discharged Ah^.'J, 1865, and returned to Hooking County t» bis raothei farm. The following October his mother died. He remained on the r. ii in and worked .-it hii trade till the spring of 1867 when be went, i" Deerfteld Township, Morgan County, and worked wit i ■ Samuel Prloe till the following fall They then went to MoOon nelsTille and worked In :i lash and door factory till L870, when be came to Logan He has had the contraot for building Bind 1 ! Iron Works, Thomas's [ron Works, Oraft'i [ron Works, the furnaoei <.i the [looking Iron Company and manj of the substantial build and bridges in Hooking County. June l", L858, he mar 1 1< <1 Minerva E Remsen, of Tridelphia, Morgan County. They have had four children William P., Mary Elizabeth, Walter Os and Sarah Violet The latter died in November, 1869, aged i .i Mr. and Mn Price are memben of the Methodist ohuroh. He is a Mastei and Royal Aroh Mason, a member of the lodge and obaptei si I togan I<); m <•/'■; S, Parsallf ion of Dxniel and Elisabeth (Laoook) Pur ■ell, was born at Portsmouth, Ohio, Aug. L8, L846 He was eda cated in the public ichool ol Portsmouth, graduating from the ■ • in 1 366 He had been throu fh part of the war with :i brother, irho wan a soldier, but, being too youn)g, wai not enlisted, itl though making leveral attempt i Ho ia^ active lervioe, but never iged in the same. He studied law with Judge A C Thomp son in 1866 ,( i s ; was admitted to the bsr in Porl mouth In 1868, and entered Into partnership with Judge M irtin C Grain. He re mained In praotioe with him one year, and then entered the office ol Judge A ( ' 'I'll pson, then Probate Judge ol Soioto County, remaining two peai iftei whioh he praotioed alone until I Mi Pursell wai married in 1878 to Alma C Wrlffht, of Logan, 111 rofi . 01 ii'.' K.IHQ VA1 er of Jud II \V 1 1 r 'i,i .,i I , . lie opened a office in Logan in i .' and practiced aboul si* month other bnsine . ■. to .1 all his atto I . led and i an I itora no •• o \ ned by R • I In Logan, from I )e& in bei i i ! to March I I • old onl to the present owners I h Parted the Hooking Valley Gazette In eonm h Mi Brool in Pebruai I i i and >i and pnbli ihei oi the sarai up to the present time II" ■. a . appointed b G Bishop one "i ' ■ •■ Ti lateea ol the A then ■ J n ■ lum rema h through Gro re\ aoi Bi »hop' i administration John /'- /,'■">< /i dealei ■ •• md manufacture) ol boots and sh al Logan - ■ the ion ol John B. and Me B J I- la a nati e ol Badi 1 1 ng boi n thi 1 1 iDi ' ■ I I ].-. attended the publi - moth ■ ' heii home ' en up and be He i to Poughka i e hi ed I ; ,\ ■ ■ ime to J. J ij j : . , ..' Log in and i i M . ■ ■ I .•• I ' Q I J ' a J,, Ernest P E J EL I l • ' Log F$rMnand Fn leru /■' np ■-'.'.■ ■ I > ■ 984 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. employed in the wholesale grocery store of F. J. Boving. After one year he was placed in charge of a branch establishment at Logan, Ohio, his present home. At the age of nineteen he pur- chased this branch store, and enlarging it to a mart of general traf- fic, has made it the foundation of his fortune. From the time Mr. Rempel first entered Logan until the present day, he has been one of the most active and enterprising business men of the place, tak- ing the lead, or at least a prominent part, in almost every impor- tant business enterprise. He has lent a helping hand to every legitimate industry which gave promise of energy and thrift, and ranks as a "man of affairs," not only prominently iu his county and community, but as one of the leading men of the State. Fru- gal, sober, energetic and sagacious, his judgment is seldom at fault and his decisions are not often reversed b} r the logic of events. AVith keen foresight he has avoided the pitfalls into which imprac- ticable men have fallen. On the other hand, with comprehensive intelligence, he has followed up those financial leads which com- mended themselves to his judgment and, as the sequel has shown, succeeded where most men have failed. But these ends have been reached only by great energy and indomitable perseverance. Colo- nel Rempel is possessed of splendid natural powers of both body and mind. In build and movement, as well as attainments, he is a marked man, and would be readily selected from a large number of men as one upon whom is stamped the indelible impress of cour- age, sagacity and executive ability. His business has not been confined to mercantile pursuits, but he has invested wherever his judgment approved, being, perhaps, the largest single holder of real estate in the Hocking Valley. In 1S50 he returned to the old country to visit his relatives and friends, spending a year in Prussia, France and England. In 1855 he established the Hocking Valley stage coach line, conducting the enterprise with great profit until 1868, when the building of the Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad supplied its place. This line became one of the most ex- tensive in the State, requiring the employment of many agents and assistants. The work was thoroughly systematized and conducted on strict business principles. The veteran stage manager, John Borland, was his efficient Superintendent, and it is said that the thirteen years that the line was in existence, with an aver- age of 200 miles per day of travel, there never occurred a serious accident. At the breaking out of the Rebellion Colonel Rempel was immersed in business. From an article which appeared in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 985 the Hocking Sentinel, of the date of July 5, 1860, we learn that he was the mail contractor and proprietor of the coach line from Lan- caster to Pomeroy, owned and conducted the " American House," now Rempel House; also a drug store and livery comprising nine- ty-eight horses, omnibuses, carriages, etc., and a blacksmith and repair shop. He also was extensively engaged in market garden- ing; was agent for the JEtna Insurance Company; was engaged in the foreign shipping business, and had many other active interests. It is also added that he is ,; a remarkable man, and is one of the most public-spirited individuals we have ever seen." Colonel Rempel was then a Democrat, but comprehending the perils of the hour, he severed his connection with that organization, and al- lied himself with the new Republican party. In 180 1 he entered the list as a candidate for the State Legislature and came within rive votes of election, although the regular Democratic majority in Hocking County was about 700. When the crisis came and the call to arms resounded through the land, Colonel Rempel went to the front. Accepting the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the Fifty-eighth Regiment, he was made Post Commander at Camp Chase about the 5th of December, 1801. About two months thereafter, the Fifty-eighth was mobilized with General Thayer's brigade, General Lew Wallace's division, and, on Feb. 13, Lieutenant-Colonel Rem- pel led it into the important battle of Fort Donelson. Although hurried from the peaceful pursuits of life into the immediate pres- ence of " grim visaged war," Colonel Rempel proved to be an in- trepid soldier, and when a furious assault was made upon his troops in this action, it wa3 met with firmness, and resulted in the enemy being hurled back into his entrenchments. On the day following he was the first with his regiment to enter on the right of the rebel batteries and received the surrender of the Confederate artillery officers. Subsequently his regiment took part in the sanguinary conflict of Shiloh and a number of other engagements. On account of Colonel Rempel's pre-eminent capacity to transact business and manage both men and affairs he was made Provost- Marshal of the army at Pittsburg Landing. In this capacity he became in- timately acquainted with many of the officers of that army and it was here that he first met General Garfield. For his bravery and sol- dierly conduct Colonel Rempel received the highest encomiums from his superior officers, and be it said to his credit also, that he always retained the confidence and esteem of the officers and sol- diers who served under him. A soldier of the regiment writes 0S6 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. that Lieutenant-Colonel Reinpel " covered himself with glory," and he also speaks in the most glowing terms of his care and con- sideration for his men. Generals Strickland, Wallace and Thayer, also, have borne witness to the soldierly qualities of our subject- We quote the following letters : Omaha, Neb., Nov. 17, 1870. President Grant , Dear Sir: — Colonel Ferdinand F. Rempel served in my command in the late war as Lieutenant-Colonel of the fifty-eighth Ohio Infan- try. He was a gallant soldier and a faithful officer. He especially distinguished himself in the battles of Fort Donelson and Shiloh by his courage and gallantry. Very truly yours, John M. Thayer. Office of U. S. Att'y, Dist. of Neb. Omaha, Oct. 17, 1870. General U. S. Grant, President of the U. S., Washington, D. C: I was personally present at Donelson and Shiloh, and a witness of the gallantry of Colonel Rem pel, and fully concur in the words of commendation written above by Senator Thayer. Respectfully, S. A. Strickland, A. A. G. and Late Col. 50th Peg., 0. V. I. Colonel Rempel held the office of Provost Marshal until August, L862, when he resigned his commission. His motive for so doing having been impugned by indiscriminating persons, it may be proper to state that at that time he was reduced to a skeleton, his business Which he had left in splendid condition was badly demor- alized, and the system then in vogue of "boosting" foreign advent- urers was repugnant to his sense of honor. In consequence he retired from the more active service but was appointed, at the request of leading men of all parties, to the position of Provost Marshal of Hocking County. This position he held until the close of the war, giving great satisfaction in the performance of the try- ing duties of the office. lie has also held the offices ot District Revenue Inspector, Deputy United States Marshal and Post- master of Logan, all of which positions he tilled with high credit. When he resigned the latter office, the Hocking Sentinel, which has always opposed him, politically, gave him the following high meed of praise : BISTOET OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1)87 "Colonel Rerapel is the best local Postmaster in Ohio, lie has given us a complete postal service throughout this county, and of his management of the Logan office no man has ever had occasion to complain. It has been a matter of personal pride with him to improve our postal facilities and make his office a model of cor- rectness and accommodation. In these things the Colonel has succeeded. All must admit that his office has been managed to the entire satisfaction of the public, and if Mr. Hayes shall stand by the policy he enunciates in his Inaugural, we do not see upon what pretext a change of postmasters can be made here. W Tilden had been permitted to take the office to which lie was honestly and fairly elected, we should have insisted on Mr. Itempel stepping down and out. But as it is, since we must have a Repub- lican in the office, give us a man of brains to tight, a man who i a leader and strong representative — one worthy of Democratic opposition, and a man with capacity to attend to his business, and with responsibility to the public for his political and official con- duct. We are for Rempel." Since the war closed, Colonel Rempel has engaged in business with redoubled energy, giving his attention more especially to real estate. He has thereby greatly added to his property and landed interests, and has by the erection of many new residences and business blocks in Logan during the past two or three years made that one of the most thriving towns in Southeastern Ohio. The Opera House, which he built in 1871, appeared to be greatly in advance of the place, but the rapid growth and increase in popula- tion during the past few years has demonstrated his wisdom in anticipating it. New streets have been opened up by his single- handed enterprise and long lines of new homes have sprung into existence as if by magic. He has been the great business geniu-> of Logan, and in his career has been manifested to an eminent degree the results, not of mere chance, but of the exercise of con- summate business capacity and lofty commercial integrity. The Logan Republican speaks of his enterprise, as follows : ''In this respect, Colonel F. F. Rerapel has proved a benefit to our town which can not be over estimated. From the magnificent Opera House, down to the humblest cottage, he has prepared the way for our rapid growth and set an example which should be imitated by other citizens of wealth in our community. During the past summer and fall he has erected thirty dwelling houses, dis- tributing among our mechanics and laboring men abjut $45,000. 988 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. This, of itself, has been a great help, and has not only kept the ' wolf from the door ' of many but has enabled them to enjoy the substantial and luxuries of life. As a benefactor to our town he is without a rival, and his continued prosperity is evidence that our people appreciate him as a citizen and business man." On this point we also quote the [locking Sentinel, that journal paying him the following deserved compliment : " Colonel Rempel is, in business, the leading man of Logan, and one of the most prominent, public- spirited men of the Hocking Valley. "We do not like him in politics and always train our heaviest guns on him during a campaign bacause he is the real strong enemy we have to fight. But in business matters, Colonel Rempel never allows his politics to control his judgment but is always found foremost in every enterprise looking to the advance- ment of Logan, and the business interests of this valley. Colonel Rempel is one of our heaviest tix-payers and also one of our largest property holders. His wealth is not in non-productive and non-taxable bonds, but in real estate and active business of our town and county." When R. M. Bishop was Governor of Ohio he appointed Colonel Rempel a Director of the Athens Asylum. This place, like all others to which he was called, was worthily filled. He accepted the trust as a public duty and discharged the obligation which it imposed with conscientious care and fidelity. In the summer cf 18S1 the subject of these memoirs went to Washington to consult with an eminent medical specialist with regard to his health and at the same time absolve himself from the cares of business. While there he paid his respects to Presi, dent Garfield and was offered the Consulate of St. Galle, Switzer- land. This was a great temptation but he was compelled on account of heavy, unsettled interests to decline. Some of the papers said that he "turned up his nose" at the suggestion, but this is not strictly true, the Colonel regarding the offer as a high compliment. The Baltimore American gave the event the following notice: A COMPLIMENT TO COLONEL REMPEL. k ' President Garfield tendered the appointment of Consul to the important consulate at St. Galle, Switzerland, to Colonel Ferdinand F. Rempel, of Logan, Ohio, but the Colonel was constrained to de- cline the same, owing to his personal affairs being of such a char- acter and importance to make it impossible for him to accept the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 989 compliment tendered to him so kindly by the President. Colonel Rempel is known as a leading German and an enterprising business man in Ohio." This was given a turn, generally, by the press of the country, it being considered an anomaly at that time for an Ohio man to refuse anything, especially an office. We add the Cincinnati Enquirer's suggestion: " LET HIM BE BANISHED. " It is in order for the recording angel to take his pen in hand and, in gilt letters, record the fact that another Ohio man has declined an office. His name is Colonel F. F. Rempel. He hails from Logan. He has been here for a number of days. To-day, in company with Representative Neal, he called upon the President, and was tendered the important Consulship of St. Galle, Switzer- land. Owing to the condition of his extensive private business, which would prevent.a prolonged residence abroad, he was com- pelled to decline it." Of late years our subject has been withdrawing more and more from public affairs and has been applying himself the more closely in planning new business campaigns, resulting in the improvement and upbuilding of his adopted city — Logan, the Queen of the Valley. The Hocking Sentinel but echoes the general voice of the people when it affirms that " because of his conspicuous promi- nence, he is usually the shining mark at which all envious darts are aimed. He is an eagle at which daws can peck." Recently he has become interested among other things in the Logan Gas Company, and has put that enterprise on a solid foun- dation. We quote from an article recently prepared by Captain Wm. M. Bowen on his management of this business, as copied from the columns of the Hocking Sentinel. " In the summer of 1882 Colonel F. F. Rempel purchased largely of the stock, and immediately proceeded to affix all modern im- provements to the already successful works, and is to-day one of the principal owners, and President of the Corporation. Now we are all acquainted with F. F. Rempel. We know that where energy, perseverance and indomitable industry are necessary to make an undertaking successful, we can find all these qualities in the Colonel. We know that he merits regard in our community for his expan- sive comprehension of the value of real estate in this city, for his indefatigable building and beautifying propensity. Coining, 990 HISTOM OF BOOKING VALLEY. as he did, from the Kingdom of Prussia when a mere lad, settling in our midst forty years ago without capital, except the qualifies tions of a thorough, energetio business man, and with Excelsior inscribed upon his banner, his movement has ever been onward and upward, and to-day we tin 1 him by tar the largest real estate owner in our city, able to count his possessions by hundreds of thousands oi dollars." In conclusion we will add that Colonel Rempel is faithful folds obligations and prompt to offer assistance in tini3 of need, lie never goes back on a friend or tails to remember an enemy, and the hundreds who have received help and encouragement at his hands will ever remember him with gratitude. Bolovar G. Rebw, druggist, Logan, was born in PleasantTown- ship, Fairfield Co., Ohio, June 20, 1S55. lie was reared on his father's farm, and attended the Pleasant Township Seminary until twenty, when he went to Newark, Ohio, and studied pharmacy with Dr. James Campbell two years, after which he took charge of the drug store of Isaac B. Bounds, at Newark, for eighteen months; then went to Ironton, Ohio, and was in the employ of Kerker, Otten & Co., wholesale and retail druggists, for one year; then opened a store of his own in Logan, Ohio, under firm name of Reber & Co. Mandus B. Reber, real-estate broker, Logan, was born in Pleas- ant Township, Fairfield Co., Ohio, July 31, 1S52. He remained on his father's farm attending school until eighteen, when he trav- eled in Illinois, Missouri and California until twenty. He then returned home to Ohio, and soon after went to West Virginia and organized a coal company, and engaged in mining one year. In 1 S74 -'75 was in Pittsburg, Pa. In 1S7C> he represented the inter- ests of several of the large land-holders in the Kanawha Val- ley, W. Ya., at the Centennial. In 1877 and 1878 he was engaged in the real-estate business at Columbus, Ohio. Since that time- he has been located in Logan. He still has an interest in the Kanawha coal and timber lands, and owns several farms in South- eastern Kansas, and also lands in Northwestern Arkansas. He has i in every State in the Union except Texas, lie is a son of Elias Reber, who was born in L822, and Esther (Myers) Reber. They had a family of five children — M. B., subject of this sketch. B. C, druggist, o[' Logan, Ohio; R. II., on the farm with his father; Ella M., residing with her brother, M, P., and Essie S. The family are of German and Scotch descent. The Reber family canru BISTORT 01 HOCKING VALLEY. UU} to the United States in 1620, and settled in Ohio in 1802. The first Reber was Zebulun Reber, wlio was a Prussian-German, and was banished to England on account of his political views, He came to the United State- in L620, and Located in Massachusetl . Francis M. Rhoads, farmer, son of Jacob find Elizabeth (Byers) Rhoads, was horn in Falls Township, Hocking County, Dec. 1, ISo.'i, and lived with his parents until manhood. lie received a common-school education. At twenty-one years of age he began working for his father for wages. When twenty-live age he purchased the farm where he resides (known a.-, the Confer farm) and removed there in April, 1879, and has been engaged in farm- ing to present time. April 2, 1879, he married Alice C, daughter of Craven W. and Barbara (Hazelton) Clowe, of Falls Township. They have one child, a daughter — Harcia Elma. Mr. and Mr-. Rhoads are members of the United Brethren church. Jacob Rhoads, farmer, third son of Jacob and Nancy (Byerly) Rhoads. was horn on section 21, Falls Township, Hocking County. Sept. l'7. 1828. After arriving at manhood be farmed on his fa- ther's farm for an interest until 1853, when his father gave him 100 acres of land as his share of the estate, the firm where he now resides. He has purchased land adjoining since then and now has a good farm. March 27. 1851, he married Elizabeth, daughter of John and Caroline (Lemon) Byers, of Fall- Township. They have had nine children, four sons and two daughter- now living — Fran- cis M.. Wilbur R., Charlie V.. John P., Mary E. and Lydia C. Amos A. died at the age of two years; Alvin W., aged oi Elmer G., aged five years. Mi-, and Mrs. Rhoads are members of the United Brethren church. David Michael Risley, an old resident of Logan, was born at Zanesville, Ohio, Oct! 10, 1819. lie i.- the eldest of four sons of A mo- and Margaret (Oyster) Risley. When eight years old he • to CTnion town, living there till eighteen year- oi age. Ho received a very limited education, and in his boyhood learned the carpenter's trade. Ee came to J- >gan in the spring of 1837 arid worked at his trade one year with Tunis Butin, after which he became associated with him as a partner fur one year, when he became a contractor and builder, in which business he has ever since been engaged, He ha- many of the ; churches, mills and public building- at Logan. :l!e and Haydenville. and in the country throughout Hocking County. Mr. Risley began life empty-handed, but through economy and pei 992 BISTORT OF BOOKING VALLEY. veriftg industry he 1 1 ; i ^ accumulated considerable property in Logan. On Oct. LO, 1841, he was married to Miss Rachel Tannehill, ol Logan. They ate the parents oi eight children, viz.: George, an omploye in the shop of the Logan Manufacturing Company; Mary, wife of Samuel Crow, of Logan; John; Emma, wife of Edward Roads, of Nelsonville; William, engaged with his father as a car- penter; Annie, wife of Reuben Spurier, of Logan; Laura, wife of Levi R£cDowell,of Nelsonville, and Harry Grant. Mr. Risleyand wife have been members of the Methodist Episcopal church for twenty years. Ho is a member oi Hocking Valley Lodge, No. 262, I. O. O. F., and of Mineral Encampment, No. 91, I. 0. 0. F., and has held all the offices except those of Xohle Grand and Worthy Patriarch. John Byerly Roads, fanner, son of Jacob and Nancy (Byerly) Roads, was born in Logan, Hocking Co., Ohio, March 19, 1821. His parents removed, when ho was an infant, to section 21, Kails Township, and settled and cleared a farm, lie lived there with them until manhood, working on the farm and attending the com moil school. At the age of twenty-one years he began farming with his father for an interest in the products ami remained with him until twenty live years of age. His father then gave him a farm mi section 30, where he settled April 20, 1817. He has pur- chased adjoining lands since then, and has been engaged in improv- ing lands and farming to the present time. lie is a Master Mason, member of biingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. <& A. M., Logan, Ohio. Sept. IS, L845, he married Catharine, daughter of Anthony and Catharine (Sheatenhelm) Eokhart, of Falls Township. They have had four children, only one living — Susan, wife o\' John Krinn, of Laurel Township. Joseph died at the age of thirteen years; Mil' aid F. in infancy, and LovinaO. at the age of twenty nine years. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. J<>s<'j)/t Watson Rochester^ of John Rochester^ Sons, merchants, Logan, was horn in London, England, Oct 11, L818, a son of John and Mary Ann (Gladle) Rochester. When he was three years of age his parents came to America and settled on the Oourtold farm, a mile east of Nelsonville, Athens Go., Ohio, and in 1828 came to Logan. His educational advantages were meager, hut he made the beat of what he had and obtained a good business education. When about fifteen years oi age he went to Lancaster to learn the trade of a fuller and weaver, serving Biz years in the woolen mills of Ring & Rice. He then returned to Logan and entered filestore 111 TOBY. 01 B0< KING VALLEY. 993 <>f his father as clerk. He and hie brother John afterward became associated with bis father in the businei , the firm name being John Rochester & Sons. Their father died in L875, but they till retain the old firm name. In connection with Ink mercantile bu ine Mi Rochester is a stockholder in the Logan Manufacturing Company, the Logan Brick Manufacturing Company, and the First Bank of Logan. He has spent, an active bu fe and has ever been awake to the interests of Logan. He ha served twelve: year member of the Board of Education, and on the City Council four Mr. Rochester ha been twice married. His first wife Mi Harriel Claxton, who died leaving three children -Addie Thoraa W. and Charles E. April 28, L849, he married Mrs. Har riel Martin, daughter of Jacob Embich, of Lancaster, and widow of Samuel Martin, by whom she had one child Jennie Martin. Mr. and Mrs. Rochester have 6ix children John I'., Mary Ann (wife of William Butin), Clara E. (wife of Albert Stiers), Joseph I!.. Emma II. and Eva W. (twins, the former the ••> if'e of William Hanson). Mrs. Rochester became a member of the English Lu theran church when eighteen years of age, but after her marri to Mr. Rochester in L849, joined the Presbyterian church. Mr. Rochester is a Master, Royal Arch, Council and Knight Templar Mason and a member of the lodge, chapter, and council at Logan, and the commandery at Lancaster. John Jenkins Rodeheaver, 3on of Georgeand Lourana (Jenkins) Rodeheaver, was born near Brandonville, W. Va., Nov. 27, l- lie wae reared on the home farm till he was twenty three vears of and attended the subscription schools two months during each from hin seventh year till his majority. In L862 he employed as a teamster by the Government, and served as uch in the United States army till December, 1863, when be enlisted in Cora pany K. Sixth Regiment,"West Virginia Volunteer Cavalry, to -> three He went out as a Corporal, but was '-on after pro moted to Sergeant and then to Order ant, and wa o n tered out May 1, 1866, at Wheeling, \V. Va., while on duty with his regimenl at New Creek, W. Va. Nov. 28, 1864, they wi captured and held .. •;<•]•- until March I, 1865, when they paroled. He was soon after exchanged al Columbus, Ohio, when his regimenl was ordered to Washington, and wae detailed on special duty to search for the Wilkes Booth. In the following June they were sent on duty to Nebraska and Colorado, and detailed as guards for the ejage route between Cotton Wood 63 994 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Springs and Denver City, when he participated in several skir- mishes with the Indians. After his discharge he went to the oil wells, in W. Va., where he was employed some six months. In the spring of 186S he came to Ohio, settling in Starr Township, Hocking County, and engaging in farming until the spring of 1874. He was Township Trustee of Starr Township for several years. In 1874 he rented his farm and removed to Logan, being em- ployed as a clerk in the grange store until the spring of 1878, after which he engaged in saw-milling at Hamilton County, Tenn., for eighteen months. He then returned to Logan and formed a partnership with E. B. Comly in the grocery business which was discontinued in 1882. He then engaged in saw-milling again in Tennessee until January, 1883, he taking the contract to supply the K. & 0. R. R. with ties and lumber. In January, 1883, he again returned to Logan and engaged in his present grocery trade. March 8, 1800, he was married to Miss Mary J. Conner, by whom he has had rive children, all deceased. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, he having belonged to that denomination since his seventeenth year. He is an Odd Fellow and member of Hocking Valley, Lodge No. 262, and of Mineral Encampment, No. 91, of Logan. He is a Past Grand. Charles Iiose, clothier and merchant tailor, James Block, Logan, established his present business in 1866. lie was born in Offen- bach, A. G., Prussia, Germany, Oct. 23. 1^42. When fourteen years of age he came alone to America, landed in New York, and located at Cleveland, Ohio, and clerked in the wholesale cloth house of Koch, Levy & Co., until 1864. He then traveled in Michigan and Ohio a couple of years, then came to Logan and established his present business, lie began with limited means, but by honest dealing and close application to business has established a tine busi- ness, lie occupies a building 8<» x 22 feet, and carries a full and complete stock of rine domestic and imported suiting and gents' fnrnisbing goods, lie also has a tailoring department and makes a specialty of making tine dress suits, etc. He carries a stock of $15,000. Mr. Rose is a son of Moses and Sara (Levy") Rose. Eis father was a stock-dealer, a native of Prussia, and is still living, in the seventy-second year of age. His mother was born in Baden and died in September, L878, They had a family of six sons and live daughters. Charles, subject of our sketch, was the third son. Mr. Rose married Flora Murphy at Logan, Nov. 20, 1873. She was born in Pomeroy, Ohio, a daughter of John A. and Sarah J. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 905 Murphy. Mr. and Mrs. Rose have four children — Harry, Frank, Bessie and Mabel. Mr. Rose is a Mason and a member of Blue Lodge, Logan Chapter, and of Logan Council. In politics he is a Democrat and cast his first and last Republican vote for Lincoln in 1864. Charles William Schivenke, freight and ticket agent of the C. II. V. & T. R. II. Company at Logan, is the son of Henry and Elizabeth (Later) Schwenke. lie was born at Sugar Grove, Fair- field Co., Ohio, Sept. 28, 1858. He was educated at the public schools of his native place till he was sixteen. When fifteen years of age he learned telegraphy in the railroad office at Sugar Grove, attending school at the same time. On leaving home he went to Lancaster, Ohio, where he was employed as special operator two years, when he was sent to Columbus and employed in the dis- patcher's office another year, alter which he took charge of the telegraph office at the South Depot at Columbus. In July, 1879, he went to Logan, obtaining his present position as freight and ticket agent. He was married April 21, 1880, to Miss Mattie, daughter of George and Elizabeth (Davis) Strawn, of Logan. They are the parents of one child — Clarence Henry. Mr. Schwenke is a member of the Evangelical Lutheran church, and his wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church of Logan. John Shaw, farmer, eldest son of Jonathan and Susan (Iligdon) Shaw, was born in Montgomery County, Md., March 20, 1807. When he was four years of age his father died, and his mother with her three children lived with her father until John, the subject of this sketch, was thirteen years of age. She then removed to Frederick City, Frederick Co., Md., and apprenticed him to Con- rad Brothers to learn the coloring and weaving trade. He at- tended school at odd times and was taught some at night by his employers, and thus received a limited common school education. lie served at his trade until twenty-one years of age, and continued working for the firm until twenty-four years of age for wages. In November, 1831, removed to Perry County, Ohio, and purchased a farm. In 1836 he sold his farm and purchased wild lands in Falls Township, Hocking County, and opened a farm. Five years later he again sold out and purchased wild lands, and opened the farm where he now resides. lie has served as Trustee of Falls Township seven years, and as Commissioner of Hocking County nine years. May 1, 1830, he married Harriet, daughter of John and Sarah (Conrod) Sponseller, of Frederick City, Md. They have 996 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. seven sons — John A., of Green Township ; Charles F., of Illinois; Robert H., o$ Minnesota; James J. and Jonathan R., of Falls Township ; George IT. and Jacob F., of Laurel Township. A daughter, Sarah A., wife of John Clark, died Sept. 28, 1S61, aged thirty-one years. His wife died Nov. 7, 1S73, aged sixty-six years. She was a member of the English Lutheran church. April 1, 1S78, he married Mrs. Mary A., widow of Ozias Barnes, and daughter of Daniel and Jane (Sibley) Lemon, of Hocking County. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Henry Richard Snyder, editor and proprietor of the Logan Republican, was born in Hopewell Township, Perry County, Ohio, Feb. 17, 1853, a son of Abraham and Mary M. (Stover) Snyder. He was reared in his native county, being educated in the com- mon schools and the Academy at Madison, graduating from that institution in 1875. He afterward took a year's course in the Wes- leyan University at Delaware, Ohio. In 1873 he began teaching and taught at irregular intervals, when not attending school, till l s 77. In the summer of 1879 he assisted on the editorial work on the New Lexington Tribune and afterward worked on that paper at intervals till March, 1881, when he came to Logan and became the proprietor of the Logan Republican. May 10, 1881, Mr. Sny- der married Minerva Burgess, of Madison Township, Perry Co., Ohio. They have one child — Herbert Ray. Mr. and Mrs. Sny- der are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Logan. He is a member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. & A. M. Noah W. Starr, residing on section 31, Falls-Gore, was born here, Feb. 9, 1840. He was reared a farmer, which avocation he has always followed. He was educated at the common schools. In 1877 he married Nannie J., daughter of Ellison Miers, of Ward Township. They have one child — Harry K. Mr. Starr owns 135 acres of valuable land. The Straitsville branch of the Hocking Valley Railroad passes through it. His mother lives with him in her eighty-tifth year. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Moses Starr, father of our subject, was a native of West Virginia, and came to this county about 1816 and settled on the old home- stead where his son Noah still lives. His first wife, Sarah Webb, bore him eight children, five of whom are still living — Benjamin, Elizabeth, Thomas, Harriet and Moses. His second wife was Sarah Beveridge, a native of Loudoun County. Va., our subject be- ing the only child of this union. Mrs. Starr's first husband was (raven Clowe. They were blessed with five children — John. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 997 Charles (deceased), Elijah. Mary and Craven. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and John, Elijah and Craven Clowe were in the war of the Rebellion, Craven being Captain of Company C, Sixty-second Ohio Infantry. Moses Starr died in October, 1870, aged over eighty years. Isaac Stiers, pork-packer and dealer in wool, Logan, was born Near Adamsville, Muskingum Co., Ohio, Jan. 7, 1817, the second of four sons of Joseph and Sarah (Southerland) Stiers. He was reared on a farm, receiving his education in the common schools. In his younger days he taught school, but after becoming of age. in 1838, he was employed as a clerk in the store of Dr. J. Cone, Adamsville, remaining with him live years. In 1844 he became associated with D. Ross in the mercantile business, the firm name being Ross & Stiers. In 1840 he bought Mr. Ross's interest and carried on the business alone ten years. In 1854 he was elected Treasurer of Muskingum County. In 1856, on account of losing heavily by the bankruptcy of parties to whom he had made a large shipment the previous year, he was obliged to suspend business. In the winter of 1856 he again began to teach school, and taught during the winter months till 1860. In September, 1860, he was employed in the mill office of Beaumont & Hollingsworth, at Zanesville, Ohio, and superintended the buying and handling of grain for them five years. In 1>>65 he became proprietor of the Putnam Mills at Zanesville. remaining in the milling and grain business two years. In 1867 he, with Solomon Shroyer, engaged in the general produce business under the firm name of Stiers & Shroyer. In 1869 he retired from the firm and engaged in the mercantile business. In the spring of 1870 he was burnt out, losing his store and dwelling and saving only a few of his goods, and was the second time obliged to commence again at the beginning. In January, 1871, he came to Logan and was employed as superin- tendent of the grange store. In the winter of 1870 he began to pack pork on a small scale and deal in wool on commission. His business has increased yearly till he now has a large packing estab- lishment, purchased in 1878. In the winter of 1882-'83 he killed 1,200 hogs. He handles annually 100,000 pounds of wool. July 10, 1842, Mr. Stiers married Sidney T. Frame, of Adamsville. They have two children — Isaac Newton, of Zanesville, and Joseph A., of the firm of Tritsch & Stiers, Logan. Mr. and Mrs. Stiers are members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Logan, of which he is a Trustee. He is a member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. & A. M. 998 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. J. Albert St>< rs was born in Adamsville, Muskingum Co., Ohio, July 20, 1854. "When one year old he removed with his parents to Sonora, and remained there until 1860, when the family removed to Zanesville, and when eighteen he began to learn the trade of Bash and blind making, working at it two and a half years. In 1S73 he came to Logan and followed his trade six months, then opened and ran a feed store for one year, when he began to clerk in the grange store, and in August, 1S79, he formed his present partnership with B. K. Tritsch. Mr. Stiers is a son of Isaac and Sidney T. (Frame) Stiers. His father is a dealer in wool, pork and provisions at Logan. His parents are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They have had a family of four children, two living — I. N ., traveling for a dry-goods house in Philadelphia, and J. A., subject of our sketch. J. A. Stiers was married to Clara Rochester, March 23, 1877. She was born in Logan, Ohio, daugh- ter of Joseph and Harriet (Embich) Rochester. Mr. and Mrs. Stiers are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They have two children — Sidney II. and Joseph A. Mr. Stiers is a member of the I. O. O. F., Mineral Encampment, No. 91; Hocking Valley Lodge, No. 262, at Logan. John Wendell Strentz, superintendent of the Logan Manufact- uring Company, was born in Lancaster, Fairfield Co., Ohio, April 14, 1838. His father died when he was nine years of age, and he was early thrown on his own resources. "When he was eighteen years of age he went to work for Isaac Groff, to learn the trade of a carpen- ter and joiner, serving an apprenticeship of three years. He then worked for him as a journeyman one year, and in 1860 wentto Cin- cinnati, remaining there a year. He returned to Lancaster and worked for Mr. Groff till August, 1862, when he enlisted in Corn- pan v I, Ninetieth Ohio Infantry, for three years, and was discharged at Washington, D. C, June 28, 1S65. He was in the battle of Stone River, where he was wounded. In July, 1863, he was left by his regiment in the hospital at Manchester; he wa9 soon after removed to Tullahoma, Tenn., and was in the hospital there a month, when, convalescing, he was sent to Nashville. lie remained there three weeks and was then sent to Louisville, Ky., remaining there two months, after which he was transferred to Company G, Seventh Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, a;el sent to Cincinnati on guard duty. In June. 1864, he was sent to Washington, and remained on guard duty till his discharge. lie went out as Fourth Sergeant. and after his transfer to the reserve corps was promoted to Orderly HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 999 Sergeant. lie was at Washington at the time President Lincoln was assassinated, and his company was detailed as guard to \Tice Pres- ident Johnson. After his discharge lie returned to Lancaster and resinned contracting and building. In September, 1872, he came to Logan and worked as a mechanic till February, L879, when he was employed in his present position. In April, 1882, he was elected Councilman of Logan. Nov. 2, 1865, he was married to Lou P. Ford, of Lancaster. They have three children — Estella, William and Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Strentz are members' of the Methodist church. He is a member of I lucking Valley Lodge, No. 262, and Ilockliocking Encampment, No. 28, I. 0. 0. F.; Logan Lodge, No. 19, K.of P., and James K. Rochester Post, No. 140, G. A. R. lie represented his lodge in the Grand Lodge of the Knights of Pythias in May, 1883. Joel Beckvrith Stiers, bookkeeper and clerk for W. R. Calkins, hardware merchant of Straitsville, Ohio, was born in Perry County, Ohio, April 17, 1827, a son of Henry and Eunice (Short) Stiers. When he was eighteen years of age he came to Logan and served an apprenticeship of three years with L. Ilutchins to learn the saddler and harness maker's trade. lie worked as a journeyman till 1860, when he was elected Clerk of Falls Township, serving by re-election till 1868. He was then elected Auditor of Hock- ing County, serving two terms of two years each. In 1874 he went to Sullivan and engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods two years. Ilethen went to Larned, Kas., and engaged in farm- ing and keeping hotel till 1880, when he returned to Logan, and was employed as Clerk in the Auditor's office during 1880- '81, and since then has held his present position. He was married June 20,1848, to Martha Brown, of Logan, who died Oct. 2,1869, leaving five children, four now living — William O., Fran' Emma and Carrie. Margaret Ellen died in 1879, aged twenty- nine years. June 20, 1872, he married Mrs. Maria Clark, of Logan. They have two children — Justine Blanch and Charles O. Mr. Stiers is a Master and R >yal Arch Mason, and has served as Senior and Junior Warden. Samuel Stivison, farmer, third son of Barnabas and Eve ( Mathias) Stivison, was born near Logan, Ohio, Aug. 11, 1823. lie was but five years of age when his father died. He then lived with friends two years, and at seven years of age was bound to Martin Goss, Sr., and lived with him until sixteen years of age, working on a farm and attending the common schools. When 1000 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. sixteen years of age he began working for himself on the Hocking Canal. He was the only native-born hand in the crew where he worked. During the year 1840 he removed to Adair County, Mo., with Michael Clern, and was in Clern's employ, building mills and other work, for eighteen months. He then returned to Falls Town- ship, and August, 1844, purchased the farm where he resides, and lias been engaged in farming. At the time he removed to his lands all was an unbroken forest. His first cleared lands were devoted to the growth of tobaco. In May, 1846, he enlisted in the Mexi- can war in Company D, Second Ohio Infantry, at Logan, Ohio, as a private for one year. He, with his command, went to Mexico, by way of Cincinnati and New Orleans. Their passage from New Or- leans to Mexico was by the slow sailing vessels. He was at Palo Alto, Brazos Island, Matamoras, and first saw General Scott at Comargo. They met with many deprivations on the march from Comargo to Monterey, and were opposed by Mexican lancers twenty times the American force. After severe fighting the Mex- icans were defeated. He has served as Trustee of Falls Town- ship eight y^ars. He is a Master Mason, member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, Logan, Ohio. April 26, 1849, he married Su- sanna, daughter of Frederick and Leah (Fought) Friesner, of Falls Township. They have had eight children, two sons and two daughters now living — Lewis; Elizabeth, wife of John Davis ot Jackson County, Kas.; Samuel E. an 1 Ida A. at hom.3. Solomon F., their oldest son, and Simeon, the fourth child, were drowned in Hocking River, June 4, 1865. Solomon F. was fifteen and Sim- eon was ten years of age. Their cousin, Frederick Goss, was drowned at the same time; a daughter, Leah, wife of Lewis Eck- hart, of Yan Wert, Ohio, died in the twenty-second year of her age. Mr. Stivlson remembers when the present site of Logan was a dense hazel thicket and a great resort for hazel-nutting by the children and young people. Isaac H. Terrel, of Old Gore, was born in this township, Nov. 26, 1846. He is the son of Jesse Terrel, of Perry County, who removed there in 184!). Oar subject was reared on a farm and received a common-school education. He his followed farming till the last seven years which time he has spent in mining. April 10, 1877, he was married to Maggie Djnaldson.a native of Falls-Gore, and daughter of Joshua Donaldson. In 1871 Mr. Terrel returned to this county from Perry County. He and his wife are membars ot the Methodist Episcopal church. HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 1001 B. K. Tritsch, of Tritsch & Stiers, merchants and dealers in dry goods, notions, boots and shoes, groceries and carpets, etc., Logan. They established their business in 1879, and carry a stock of $15,000. B. K. Tritsch was born in IIagerstown,Md.,Nov. 29, 1849. Soon after his birth his parents moved to Circleville, Pick- away Co., Ohio, and in April, 1861, came to Logan, Ohio. He attended the schools of Circleville and Logan. From the age ot seventeen to twenty-eight he was superintendent of his father's woolen mills. June 15, 1875, he married Margaret Frautz, a daughter of Emanuel and Margaret (Mickey) Frautz. Mrs. Tritsch is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Tritsch is one of the leading merchants and business men of Logan. He owns live dwelling houses and lots in Logan. Jacob Ezra Tritsch, proprietor of Logan Woolen Mills, was born near Hagerstown, Washington Co., Md., Sept. 24, 1819, a son of William and Elizabeth (Cline) Tritsch. He was educated in the subscription schools of Martinsburg, where his parents had removed when he was small. His father being a weaver, he was brought up to the same trade and worked as a journeyman four or five years. In 1846 he rented a small woolen mill in Pleasant Val- ley and remained there four years. In 1850 he came to Ohio and worked as a journeyman at Circleville, Pickaway County, till 1854, when he rented the Lister Mills, consisting of woolen, grist and saw mills, where he carried on business a year, when, by litiga- tion, the owners were deprived of water-power. lie then returned to Circleville and worked in the mills there, manufacturing cloth by the yard and yarn by the pound, a year, when a better position being offered him in Columbus, he went there and remained a year. In 1857 he returned to Circleville and, in company with David Miller, built a mill and carried on business three years, when he sold his interest to Mr. Miller and went to Wilmington, Ohio, and rented the Wickersham woolen and grist mills. The following year he came to Logan and erected his present mills, where he is now manufacturing a number of brands of cloth and yarn. Sept. 21, 1841, Mr. Tritsch married Harriet Rohrer, of Washington County, Md. She died in March, 1852, leaving four children — John W., an employe in his father's mills; Catherine, wife of Peter Lytle; Theodore G., also with his father, and Benjamin K., of the firm of Tritsch & Stiers. Mr. Tritsch is a Master, Royal Arch and Council Mason, and a member of lodge, chapter and council, Logan. 1002 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Robert Skinner Van Atta, molder and machinist in the Logan Foundry, was born near Bjlvidere, N. J., May 9, 1822, a son of Samuel and Jane (Stout) Yan Atta. His mother died when he was an infant, and when he was four years of age his father re- moved to New York City, where he lived with him till fifteen years of age. He then returned to AVashington Yillage, N. J., and began to learn the trade of a molder in the foundry of his un- cle, Jesse S. Yan Atta, remaining there two years. In the fall of 1838 he came with Ids father and his uncles, Jes^e, Nelson and Ralph Yan Atta, to Ohio, and the following spring settled and founded a foundry live miles north of Newark, on the Mt. Yernon r tad, at what was afterward called and is now known as Yan Atta- ville. He worked in their foundry four years when he started out as a journeyman molder, working in Pomeroy, Dayton, Newark and back again to Yan Attaville until 1818 when he came to Lo- gan, and in June of that year became associated with Raymond Belt and founded the Logan Foundry under the firm name of Belt & Yan Atta. In April, 1853, he retired from the firm and re- turned to Yan Attaville and with his Uncle Nelson and Noah Clouse formed the firm of Clouse & Yan Atta and became pro- prietors of the Yan Atta Foundry. Mr. Clouse remained with them a number of years when he retired, the firm then becoming X. & R. S. Yan Atta. In July, 1862, Mr. Yan Atta retired from the firm and was employed as a machinist in the shops of the Pan Handle Railroad at Newark till the following spring. In 1863 he returned to Logan and has since been employed in the Logan Foundry. In 1859, while he was a member of the firm of Clouse & Yan Atta, he started for Pike's Peak, but on reaching Fort Kearney changed his mind and returned. From 1866 to 1868 he was Clerk of Falls Township. Nov. 14, 1850, Mr. Yan Atta mar- ried Martha Jane Alexander, of Logan. They are the parents of five children, four now living — Frank A., an engineer on the C, H./V. & T. R. R.; Albert B., telegraph messenger; Harry B., assistant civil engineer on the C, II. Y. & T. R. R., and Florence Ella. A daughter, Mary Alice, died in 1855 aged six months. Mr. Yan Atta is a Master, Royal Arch and Council Mason, and a mem- ber of the lodge, chapter and council at Logan. Jacob Weaver, County Recorder of Hocking County, was born near Lancaster, Fairfield Co., Ohio, Oct. 13, 1842, where he was reared, obtaining a good common-school education in both English and German. He is the son of Andrew and Anna (Weid- HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1003 ner) Weaver. When nineteen years old he enlisted in Company A, Seventeenth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. lie partici- pated in many battles, among them Stone River, Shiloh, siege and capture of Corinth, Perryville, Hoover's Gap, Tnllahoma and Chickamauga, where he was wounded in the right foot and taken prisoner Sept. 20, 1863. He lay on the battle field for sixteen days, enduring intense pain, when he was put in prison at Atlanta, Ga., but after a few days he was transferred to Libby Prison, being in- carcerated there two months. Nov. 30, 1863, he was transferred to Danville, Ya., where he was imprisoned until April 4, 1864, when he was taken to Andersonville Prison and held a prisoner till Sept. 9 of the same year. From there lie was taken to Charleston and placed under the fire of the Union guns in the Charleston jail, during the bombardment of that city, after which he was taken to Florence, S. C. On Nov. 30, 1864, he was paroled, and received his discharge Jan. 19, 1865, his health being much impaired after his long imprisonment. From July, 1865, till January, 1877, he was employed as a brake man on the B. & O. R. R., on the Nash- ville ifc Chattanooga R. R., and during the year 1867 he engaged in shipping stock from Lancaster, Ohio, to Eastern markets, in 1868 he went to Mattoon, 111., remaining there till the end of the year, when he returned to Ohio and settled in North Bern, Fairfield County, where he remained till July, 1S73, running a portable saw-mill most of the time. He then removed to Lancaster and was employed as foreman of the C, 11. V. & T. R. R. till Decem- ber, 18S0, when he was elected to his present office, having re- moved to Logan in 1876. He was married Aug. 2, 1868, to Miss Sarah J. Ballenger, of Mattoon, 111. They are the parents of five children whose names are — John A., Mary L., Thomas Ewing, Joseph H.and William W. Mr. Weaver is a member of James K. Rochester Post, No. 140, G. A. R, of Logan, of which he is Adjutant. Ralph Webb, deceased, late of Falls-Gore, was born May 14, 1792, in Bridgeport, W. Ya. His father, Rev. Benjamin Webb, a Methodist minister, came to Falls-Gore in 1816, and settled on the northwest quarter of section 29, where he died in 1*27. Onr subject came to this county with his father, and entered 160 acres, or the entire northeast quarter of section 29, receiving a patent from the United States Government. The two Webbs settled in a dense forest of heavy timber, and cut the first road from Logan to their land. Ralph Webb was married Dec. 25, 1812, to Martha 1004 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Scarf, by whom he had three children, but one now living — Ben- jamin, a resident of Falls-Gore. Mrs. Webb died Dec. 13, 1821, and Mr. Webb was marriedFeb. IS, 1823, to Mrs. Sarah A. Davis, a daughter of Daniel Guilder. They had nine children, but two of whom are living — Thomas and Rebecca (now Mrs. Hardy). The others were: Mrs. Ann Taylor, Mrs. Jane Sunderland, Isaac, Daniel G., William J., John J. and Mrs. M. Adalins Fickle. Mrs. Webb had one child by her first husband — M. M. Davis, now Mrs. Work, of Lancaster, Ohio. Mrs. Webb resides with her son Thomas. Thomas Webb is a native of Falls-Gore, and was born May 27, 1831, a son of Ralph Webb. He was reared on the farm and was educated in the common schools, and at Lancaster, Ohio. He re- mained in Lancaster two years, working at the tinner's trade in the summer and attending school in the winter. He resided in Logan from 1S66 to 1871, where he was engaged in buying and shipping cattle. He engaged in the cattle business when quite young, driving them to the Eastern markets. From 1855 to 1863 he crossed the mountains 121 times. From 1S63 to 1871 he shipped by rail. In the fall of 1S71 he went to Federal Creek, Ohio, and there en- gaged in the oil business until the fall of 1873, when he returned to Logan, remaining until the following spring, when he removed to his present farm on the southwest quarter of section 29, Falls- Gore Township, where he now resides, and is engaged in stock- dealing. Mr. Webb was married Jan. 1, 1860, to Margaret A., daughter of Jonathan Saffel. They have had seven children, of whom six are living — Emma, Cleason G., Charles V., Isaac Will- ard, Ilattie and Thomas S. At the time of the Morgan raid dur- ing the late war Mr. Webb was overtaken at Millertown, Ohio, by Morgan, and had two horses taken from him. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and his family arc members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Richard Sioeezey Weitzell, son of George and Mary (Spurrier) Weitzell, was born May 1, 1851, in McConnelsville, Ohio, where he was reared and educated at the common schools. He was brought up as a stone-cutter and mason, and at the age of twenty began to work for himself, being engaged as a workman and con- tractor till May, 1877, when he was employed in a surveying corps of the Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad on Monday Creek and Snow Fork branches as rear chainman until the spring of 1878. lie was then promoted topographer, being employed in that depart- HISTORY .OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1005 raent until May, 1879, when he was engaged by the Columbus & Sunday Creek Valley Railroad as resident engineer, where he had charge of the construction of a ten-mile section of the road during the summer of that year. In the following spring the company changed its name to the Ohio Central, when he had charge of a construction of a residency of eighteen miles in Morrow County, Ohio. In June, 1880, he severed his connection with that com- pany, and was again employed by the C, II. V. & T. R. R. Com- pany, as assistant engineer, residing at Columbus. In July he went to Georgia, and was employed on a division of the East Ten- nessee, Virginia & Georgia Railroad until the following Decem- ber, when he returned to Ohio and once more became assistant engineer on the C, II. V. & T. R. R., which position he still re- tains, residing at Logan. He is also employed as mining engineer by the Columbus & Hocking Coal and Iron Company, having charge of the survey of the mineral lands. In 1879 he became associated with his brother, W. H. Weitzell, as quarriers and strippers of Hocking sandstone, his brother conducting the business. April 18, 1878, he was married to Miss Frances, daughter of Dennis Mc- Carty, of Logan. He is demitted Master Mason. John Wellma?i, son of John and Susannah (Scutt) Well man was born near Dorchester, in Dorsetshire, England, July 10,1826. His mother dying when he was three years old, and his father when he was ten, he went to live with his grandfather, and at the age of thirteen he began to learn the miller's trade at Lowell, near his birth-place, where he was employed for nine years. He after- ward followed his trade at Wyke until 1851, when he emigrated to America, and was employed as a miller at Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y. In the fall of 1853, he visited England, but returned the fol- lowing spring and came to Ohio, where he worked in a mill near Columbus until the following August. He then came to Lo- gan, and was employed as a miller by Rippey, Dewar & James until 1857, when he went to Lancaster, Ohio, and was employed in the mill of Joseph R. Parker, and with his successor, John D. Mar- tin, until 1866. He then went to Sugar Grove, Ohio, where he man- aged a mill for John Martin until 1S69, after which he returned to Logan, and with Jacob Killer and R. W. Keyens became propri- etor of the steam flouring mill, under the firm name of J. Killer & Co. In 1S75 Mr. Killer retired from the firm, the name being changed to Keyens tfcWellman, and so continues. In September, 1006 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1863, he was married to Miss Rosannah Andregg, of Lancaster, Ohio. They are the parents of seven children — Edward jS., an em- ploye in the mill; Anna, Margaret, Emma, Mary, John A. and Benjamin F. Alexander White was born in Poss County, Ohio, Jan. 10, 1S03. His father was a Virginian by birth, but an early settler of Ohio. His mother was a native of Kentucky. His early education was limited, being such as could be picked up by attendance on leisure days at the country schools; but after attaining manhood he applied himself to study, and became one of the best informed men of his day. When a boy his time was spent in working on the farm in Adelphi and South Perry, his father removing in an early day to the latter place. From 1837 to 1840 he worked for General Worth- ington, at the Falls Mills. In 1840 he was elected County Recorder, serving three years. In 1845 he was elected Auditor, and re-elected for five successive terms. In 185S he was again elected Auditor, serving two more terms. He was elected and served as a member of the State Board of Equalization for the district of which Hock- ing formed a part in the years 1853, 1850 and 1S70. In 1873-'74 he represented his county in the Constitutional Convention. For thirty years he was an acting Justice of the Peace. Soon after coming to Logan he was elected Mayor, and served one or two terms. His first vote was for Henry Clay, in L824. In politics he was an unfaltering Democrat, and the most influential man in this county the party ever possessed. In March, 1823, he married Sarah Friend, by whom he had ten children, eight of whom are .still living. His wife died Sept. 4, 1864, and Dec. 27, 1864, he married Mrs. Sarah Pavne. Alexander White was a good and use- ful man, and in his sphere a great man. His long and unprece- dented career in public service, indicates the confidence and trust the people had in his qualifications and integrity, and although violently and unsparingly opposed by political rivals, his bitterest enemies never dared to utter a word or breathe an insinuation against his honesty as a man and integrity as an officer. As a neighbor he was generous and kind, always aiming to help the deserving with such words and works of encouragement as circum- stances demanded or his means permitted. He was a man of most determined purpose, cool and deliberate in making up his judg- ment, but when once satistied as to what was right and for the best, he maintained himself against all and every opposition brought before him. He hated meanness, and could have no intercourse HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1007 or association with those lie thought dishonest. He was a stead- fast friend in every relation of life, and when his word was pledged it stood as good for what he promised as his bond. In 1852 he bought the farm near Logan, where he resided till his death, in easy circumstances, surrounded by such comforts and convenience as his tastes inclined and his own labors provided for him. He died June 19, 1870, after having lived to the advanced age of sev- enty-three years, and been for more than half a century identified with every public and important interest of his party, and every useful enterprise of his county; his death was a loss felt in every part of the county, as well as in the township in which he lived. Darius White, Secretary and Treasurer of the Logan Manufact- uring Company, was born in Perry Township, Hocking (then Fairfield) County, Dec. 9, 1822, a son of Alex, and Sarah (Friend) White. Hereceived a common-school education and commenced life for himself as a teacher. From 1845 till 1861 he was employed as Clerk in the Auditor's office of Hocking County, and from 1862 till 1865 was Teller in the State Bank of Logan. In February, 1867, he with A. Houston, M. Kreig, A. B. Butin and E. S.Collins formed the present Logan Manufacturing Company under the firm name of Houston, Kreig & Co. He has served as Clerk of I. over ten years, and as Mayor one year. March 2 1. 1845, he mar- ried Hester A. McBroom, of Hocking County. They have nine children — Xancy M., wife of J. W. Beem, of Indiana; Minerva Jane, of Logan; Alexander, of Illinois; Edward, of Chicago, 111.; William II. and John, of Logan; Cora, wife of George Junker- man, of Sandusky, Ohio: Howard and Jessie, at home. Harlow White, son of Timothy and Clarissa (Montgomery) White, was born at Perryburg, Ohio; March 23, 1834. He lived in Belleville, Baltimore and Circleville, Ohio, till he grew to man- hood, going to school in these places but receiving most of hie edu- cation at the latter place. At the age often year- he began as a driver on the Ohio Canal, and was so employed until he was fif- teen. From then until he was twenty-one he worked on a boat, when he purchased a boat, and from then till 1865 he followed canal boating on the Ohio and Hocking canals. During tin'-, time, however, in the winter of 1861-*62, he. was employed as Jin. Wagon-master under General Nelson, eerving in Kentucky. He- was then employed in a foundry at Circleville till 1867, when he was employed by B. W. Carlisle as a foreman on the State boats of the Hocking Canal, and in 1S7^ he was appointed the successor 1008 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. of Mr. Carlisle as superintendent. In 1879 he removed to Logan and in conjunction with his superintendency he engaged in the grocery business which he still carries on. He has been twice married, his first wife being Clarissa Jackson, of Hocking County, whom he married in May, 1862. She died at Cadiz, Ohio, Nov. 9, 1868. He was again married Sept. 11, 1869, to Catherine Curtis, of Lancaster, who has borne him one child — Emma. Mr. White is a member of the German Reformed church and his wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of Logan Lodge, No. 119, K. of P. John Franklin White, attorney at law and City Solicitor, is the son of Darius and Hester (McBroom) White. He was born in Loo-an, Aug. 24, 1859, where he was reared and educated in Union schools and graduated from the Union High School in the class of '76. He then began teaching, which he followed till the year 1880, and while teaching in 1879 he also studied under the preceptorship of Hon. John S. Friesner, and afterward with S. H. Bright, until he was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court at Columbus, Jan. 3, 1882. He then began the practice of law at Logan, and in April, 1S83, he was elected City Solicitor of Logan, for a term of two years. He is a Master Mason and member ot Mingo Lodge, No. 171. John Wright Work was born in Lancaster, Ohio, Nov. 19, 1823, the eldest of three sons of Joseph and Nancy (Work) Work. He was educated in his native town. His father being a boot and shoe manufacturer he also learned the business, and when twenty- one year's of age, in 1841, became associated with his father and uncle under the firm name of Work, Son & Work. In 1S53 he came to Logan to take charge of a branch of the Lancaster house, under the firm name of John W. Work E nection with it is extensively interested in farming and stOck-rais- ; ng. The farm operated by him at the present time has been in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1011 his possession since 1S29. In 1844 he was elected a Justice of the Peace, but resigned this office in 1846. Tie also served two terms of three years each as County Commissioner. In 1850 he was appointed by the Legislature of Ohio, Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and served in such capacity until the adoption of the new constitution abolishing the office. In 1852 he was appointed also, by the Legislature one of the Trustees of the Ohio University, at Athens, Ohio, a position which he still holds. He was for several years a Director in the Logan branch of the State Bank of Ohio, and Director in the First National Bank of Logan during its existence, and also a stockholder in the Colum- bus & Hocking Valley Railroad until it was sold, lie is inter- ested in the building development of Logan, and in its several improvements. His present residence on Main street is the hand- somest place of its kind in Logan, and was completed in 1873. He was married in October, 1840, to Elmira Hamblin, by whom he has had four children, three boys and one girl. Of the former, two are lawyers and the third a farmer. Jacob W. Zeller, farmer, fourth son of Jacob and Catharine (Goss) Zeller, was born in Good Hope Tovvnship, Hocking County , April 24, 1835, and lived with his parents until manhood, and received a common-school education. At the age of twenty years he rented a farm in Falls Township and lived there until 1867, when he purchased a farm. Two years later he sold his farm and in 1869 purchased the one where he resides, near Enterprise. Aug, 2. 1855, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Frederick and Leah (Fought) Friesner, of Falls Township. They have two children — Emily F. and Leah C. Naomi died at the age of twenty-four years, and Daniel H. at the age of twenty-two years. Mr. and Mrs. Zeller are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. CHAPTER XXXVII. WARD AND GREEN TOWNSHIPS. Ward Township — The Seat of Wealth of Coal and Iron — Min- eral, but not Agricultural — About Ninety Per Cent. — Shawnee Ore — Gardner's Trace — Interesting Situation — Dew Farm Organization — Carbon Hill — Orbiston — Murray City — Population and Area — Schools, Etc. — Holocaust — Bio- graphical. Green Township — Organization and Area — Topography — Its Wealth of Water — Coal and Iron — Craft's Furnace — Saw and Grist Mills— Early Settlement— Haydensville — Church- es-— Greenland Lodge — Assessed Valuation — Schools — Popu- lation — Its Relative Progress — Biographical. WARD TOWNSHIP. MINERAL NOT AGRICULTURAL. Ward is the most eastern township in Hocking Count}'. It is drained by Monday Creek and its branches, a tributary ot the Hocking River. The soil, except in the valley, is generally thin, and the land very rough, the whole of it belonging to the mining district. The land, being mainly owned by mining companies, is cultivated principally by renters, on a small scale. The mineral deposits of the township, however, are of great value and at the present time are being rapidly developed. At least ninety per cent. of the land of this township is underlaid with the great layer or coal ten feet thick and of the most superior quality, besides other coal beds higher up in the hills three and four feet thick. Iron is now being taken from the hills, and lime and lire-clay are also found in great quantities. The celebrated suaw neb ORE which extends throughout the township is the ore known as the cold shot, but is Boft and shows large crystals in the foundry iron. It is very well suited for mixing with the red shot irons, made from Lake Superior ore. This township is also abundautly 6iip plied with good oak and poplar timber. (1012) BI8T0BY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1013 The township was named in honor of Mr. Naham Ward, a resi- dent of Marietta, a very extensive early land owner in the Hocking Valley. A small part of the present town of Buchtel, formerly known as Be semer, lies over the county line in Ward Township. The town is on what is known as the old Dew farm, most of which lies in Ward Township, embracing some 500 acres of rich, alluvial table- land, lying at the base of the hills, at the intersection of the two streams, Monday Creek and Snow Fork. The Dew farm was set- tled nearly seventy years ago, and ever since has been a noted spot in this region of* country, it marks the termination of what, in the early day, was known as the "Gardner Trace." Tradition has it that when the whole country between the Mus- kingumand the Hocking was an unbroken wilderness, and be any permanent settlement had been made in this valley, a company of brave, adventurous pioneers started from Marietta to blaze a road through to the Pickaway plains. To avoid the swamp and marshes of the valley they wenl across the hills. Their route for weeks wae uninterrupted except by the usual adventures common to pioneer explorers, and one Saturday evening — a mild and beau- tiful Indian summer day — -they stopped and agreed to rest o Sunday in the valley of the stream to which, on this account, they the name of Sunday Creek. The next day'.-, travel brought them to the site of the present town of Buchtel and in the evening they camped on the banks of the stream, which, marking the day's fourney, they named Monday Creek. That night winter broke upon them in all its fury, and asno storm, such as ie seldom experienced in this region, swept down from the hills, rendering further progress impossible. In vain they attempted the steep hills. The narrow valley, studded densely with huge sycamores and almostshut in by the overhanging hills, was closed against them by the deep billowy drift-. Further ad- vance was impossible. Blazing a tree, which now marks an "out- crop" of coal, they concluded to return. The storm lasted for a week, and the silvery stream winding through the valley, di the minerals more precious than diamonds, along • . i ■ dreary hanks the pioneers waded in drifting snow, they called Snow Fork, a name cold and cheerless in its incipiency, hut which in the devel- oping future will be a wealth of warmth and cheer that the pioi who gave it its frosty name and began its history with snivel could not reach even in their most pleasant dreams. 1014 HISTORY OF HOOKING \ w i BY, The township was organized in is;>t!, the election oi township offi- cers at thai time resulting as follows: Trustees, R. Devoll, John Myers and Samuel Stacey. Mr. Devoll was re-elected a number oi times, serving about ten years in succession. The first Justices oi the Peaoe wore: Samuel Stacey and James Spencer. \ 11 i \o i's. The villages of this township are new, and for the most part are inhabited by collections of miners about the mines. The most im- portant among them at present is Carbon Hill, whioh was Laid out in l s 7- by Won. Thomas Ewing and [som Finley, whoat that time owned the land. The village is situated in the valley oi' Monday Creek and on the Monday Greek branch of the C, 11. 7. & T. R. R. The propertyin the vicinity is now principally owned by the Hocking Coal and Iron Company, who are operating very extensively in coal and iron at this and other points in the Eocking Valley. The business establishments are as follows: [sora Finley, druggist and apothecary; Dyre & Smith, hardware merchants; Quillen Brothers, dry goods and groceries; J. W. Downhour, general merchandise; Samuel Smith, hotel, and John Longstreth, blacksmith-shop. The vil- lage has one physician. Dr. C. F. Aplin. It has a public school building erected in L882 at a cost of about $3,000. The school re- quires two teachers. There are three well-organized churches established here, the Methodist Episcopal, United Brethreu and the Christian, all founded in L882. The pastors at present are: Of the Methodist Episcopal, Rev. Mr. Shaw; of the United Breth- ren. Rev. Mr. Dixon, and oi' the Christian, Rev. Mr. Vanpelt. The Trustees o( the Methodist Episcopal church are: T. X. Car- penter, A. B, Stitt and D. Bay; of the United Brethren church, George Randolph and John Roby; oi' the Christian church, Will- iam Hartley, James Jones and Elias Boudinot The postoffice was established in 1879, when Mr. Brenholts, the present Post. master, was appointed to take charge o( it. An assembly oi' the Knights of Labor was established here in 1881. Carbon Hill is connected by telephone with Sand Run and Orbiston; it also has telegraphic connections and an office of the Adams Express Com- pany. Monday has 'a population oi' about 400 inhabitants, a graded school ami two churches. A Methodist Episcopal and Baptist church - hold their meetings in the school house, which is a very line building costing $2,600. HISTORY OE SOCKING VALLEY. 1015 Orbiston has an iron furnace, the Blellen Furnace, which built in 1-77. costing about $65,000. The owners of the fun began making iron as soon as it was completed, in 1-77. continu- ing less than a year, when busine suspended on account of financial embarrae ment. The builders were the Ogden [ron ( pany, who sold the furnace after laying idle for a year to the IJ ing Iron Company, when it again went into operation under management of Mr. John Cumrnings. This company spent con- rable money in making repairs and enlarging the they won; again abandoned in July, 1880. Workwasagain revived in March. L881, continuing until December, 1882, when the fun was abandoned. Orbiston has about 500 inhabitai Murray City has about 300 inhabitants, It received ii from an old gentleman by the name of Murray, residii . tner- ho owned the land on which it is situated. Ii the eastern edge of I hip, on the P ' mntyline. Mur- ray City is in the heart of the coal fields, near the east county . southeast, of Straitsville, about seven miles, andin the valley of the Snow Forks. It has a beautiful situation on rising ground in this valley. It is the first of the mining towns in that r- . ithin II eking County, although close on its eastern border. ato the towjj was recorded Feb. 2". 1873, and the first sale of lots took place Feb. 19, 1873, and were freely purchased. Sand Run y small \ . :' about 200 inhabitants, situ- ated near the center of tl hip. It was laid out in 1880 by Mr. J. I J. S immers. It is situated on a railroad, and has cor. tion b . aph and telephone with the POP1 Ward '1 with an a 3. It is . hills am -, but t : . small, and ti sr predominating. It is hounded on the north 1 i the ea outh by on t nip. The soil is the valley to raise fruitful crops, and the hills Its mineral wealth is rapidly increasing *han •her township in the county. In 1850 the population 2,272. gain in the pa thin a fraction of five per cent. The a- /f War; tate. f f ■"■ 7,75 1 >nal property 7 1 3. 1016 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. SCHOOLS. With but one exception (Falls) Ward Township has the largest number of public schools of any township in the county, having eleven school-houses, all in good repair, with an average attendance of pupils equal to any other, according to its population of school age. The township appropriation for 1883 amounted to $1,710.88. A HOLOCAUST. Short as the history of this township is in material facts, a calam- ity has checkered its career which will be long remembered with horror by its people. In the prosperous little village of Carbon Hill lived John Lunsford with his wife and family of seven chil- dren, his business being the care of a store which lie kept in a part of his dwelling. On the night of Feb. 27, 1878, all the usual pre cautions having been taken to set the store and house in safe order, the family retired to their beds, but a long, long rest it was, inter- rupted only by a few moments of anguish. At about eleven o'clock the immediate neighbors were awakened by the cries of Mrs. Luns ford, who, being driven from her burning house by suffocation could only implore her friends to save, if possible, the lives of her chil- dren. Notwithstanding every effort was made to do so, it was all in vain, for the hungry flames were rapidlj 7 finishing their work. Mrs. Lunsford with an infant in her arms were the only members of the family to escape. The father, on awakening, the fire already burning furiously, had rushed up the stairs to where the six doomed children were sleeping; but before he could return the roof fell in and all hope of escape was over. On the following morning the charred remains of thefather and six children, ranging from nine- teen to eight years of age, were taken from the ruin and, after an inquest, were carefully and sadty laid away by their friends in their final rest. The origin of the fire is not known but is sup- posed to have come from the defective stove in the store. BIOGRAFIIICAL. Samuel Clegg was born in England, Feb. 29, 1801, and moved to this country in 1838 or '40 and lived here until his death, March 16, 1876. He was a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity in Eng land. He was married to Lucetta Zarley, a daughter of Jonathan Drake, who died in Pennsylvania. They had three children — Ann HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1017 J., Amanda L. and Sarah. Mrs. Clegg was born Dec. 19, 1813, in Somerset County, Penn. She owns 107 acres of land, on section 2, Ward Township, which is under a good state of cultivation. Nathan Dawley was born July 25, 1703, and died Sept. 12, 1873. aged eighty years, one month and eighteen days. His ancestors were natives of Rhode Island. He was married Aug. 16, 1822, to Annie Wilcox, daughter of William and Mary Wilcox. Mr. Wil- cox was born in September, 1803. Mr. and Mrs. Dawley's children are — William, Mary Annis, Boon, Horace, Harriet, Abigail, Harri- son, Perry and Sarah A. Julia A. and Chebney died in infancy. W. M. Daivley, born Oct. 16, 1823, was a son of Nathan and Annie Dawley. His mother is still living. Mr. Dawley was born in Athens County, and was educated in the common schools of the county. He was married March 1, 18-19, to Miss Augusta Pugsley, daughter of James and Elsey Pugsley. They .have two children — Oscar D. and Hattie. Mr. Dawley owns 514 acres of fine land, on section 34, Ward Township, and is engaged in farm ing and stock-raising. He is an old settler of the county, and a reliable citizen. Politically he is a Republican. Philip Devoll was born July 2, 1811, and is the son of Joseph and Sarah Devoll, who came to Ohio from Rhode Island in 1811 or 1812, and located in Ward Township in 1830. Mr. Devoll was married in November, 1831, to Miss Sarah Allen, a daughter of Asher and Polly Allen. They arc the parents of six children — Cynthia, Polly, Eliza, Lorilla, Emma and Eva. Mr. and Mrs. Devoll have been members of the Bible Christian church fifty years. W. R. Dixon was. born July 31, 1815, in Carlisle, Cumberlain County, England, and was the only son of James and Jane Dixon, lawful citizens of the United States. Mr. Dixon moved to this country when he was sixteen years old, and settled at Steuben- ville, Ohio, and came to Athens County about 1843 or 1 44. He was married July 16, 1845, to Miss Sarah D. Cass, a daughter of Jere- miah and Sarah B. Cass. Mrs.Cass is yet living in Athens County, and is ninety-four years old. Mr. Dixon was a very hue Greek and Latin scholar, as well as a very artistic painter. Mrs. Dixon has a number of landscapes and pictures painted by him. He never belonged to any secret organization, but was a member of the Episcopal church, joining that church before leaving England. He died Nov. 25, 1881, and was buried on Thanksgiving day. He L018 UlSTOKV OF HOOKING VALLEY. was a great lover of flowers, and left a garden that has no equal in the county, and is surpassed by none in the State. Mr. and Mrs. Dixon had Ave children, three Living — N. T., Man- K. and W.J. Elizabeth died in 1880, and Vileta July 25, L882. Mrs. Dixon is a member o( the Baptist church. /. / was born in Morgan County, Ohio. Sept. 28, IS45 and is a son of Samuel and Margaret Finley, who are both living. Mr. Finley was educated in Morgan County in the public schools He moved to Straitsville in L871, where he went into the drug business. In L873 he moved to Carbon Hill, where he again be- came established in the drug business in L882. lie was married Aug. 80, L871, to Miss Jennie Balding, a daughter of Lewis and Sarah Balding. Mr. Balding was Justice of the Peace tor about twenty years, and also Infirmary Director. Mr. Finley has three children — "Willard I.. Delia and Grace. Mrs. Finley died Nov. 29, 1ST;'. Mr. Finley was the founder of Carbon Hill, which he laid out in L§73. He is at present engaged in the drug business. His political views are Democratic. 8. .V. Q deck was bom at Columbus, Ohio. Aug. 28, L854, and is a son o( W". and Isabella Oordoeke. His mother is now making her home with him. She is sixty-one years old. Mr. Oor- decke was educated in the common schools o( Ohio, ami at the age o( fourteen went into business, lie is a business young man and is at present chief clerk and general manager of the company store at l.ongstreth. He has one ot' the best stores in the State of Ohio, and doe- a cash business of about $60,000 a year. He was married Feb. 16, 1876, to l.utie J. Clark. They have three chil- dren Nettie. Bersie and Susie. • / 7 ,n Harper was born dan. 4. 1833, and is a son ot* John Har- per, who lived in Cincinnati, and died with cholera in L882. Mr. Harper was married March 20, 1850, to Miss Annie Harrison, who came from England about two years previous to that time. They have eleven children ot' whom ten are living — Catherine. Alice. Sarah, Benjamin, Lincoln, Lillie, Nira. Mary, Josephine and Blanche. Martha died when she was about tour years old. Mr. Harper is a very successful tanner and has in his possession LOO acres of land, residing on section 14, Ward Township. He sold $16,000 worth o\' coal land in the last year. He is now, and has D for the last - ; \ years. Township Treasurer, and was Land Appraiser one year. HISTORY 01 floor; \Q 1 ■ I.J.J.V. I'll 9 ./. H.Jackson, born Sept. 11. 1820, i a on ofRoberi Jact who was born in Pei • ylvania, Aug. -. 1795. He came to At] County, Feb. 25, L837, where he lived thirtj and in 1867 came to Ward Town bip, Hocking County. Mr. Jackson educated in the common of Ohio, in the old fashioned log houses and by studying athome, there not being Bufticienl and teachers at that time. II'; was married March 21, l-ll to Mary Bean. They have three children — O. D., the founder of Jacksonville, Ohio; Mrs. E.V. Randolph, and Mary L. Mr.Jacl served 100 days in the late war, and v larged in Sep 1864. He ha ierved ac >r four terms and was Enrolling Clerk in the war. He •■,. I Enumerator in L881, and sub- mitted about the best report 3ent to the census office. II': ter and has a very \>.- >me of L60 acres of land on tion 14, Ward Township. A. A. Jwiipher, born March 31, 1 527, in Athens County, of George and Phcebe Junipher. His mother died about 1840, and his father in L869. Mr. Junipher moved to Ward Township when about sixteen and settled on the Codner place. Ho after 4 ; moved to the Wilcox place where he i H married Feb. 9, 1 -';';. to Julia Bartlet, a daughter of Silvanus and Amanda Bartlet, of New Plymouth, Vinton County 'i ley have child -May Addie. Mr. Juniphei i Town tip 'J. istee, He .';77 acres of good Jand. John Lyons was horn Nov. 20, L798, in a block house in .'■' Ohio. He moved to rt, and I ed until ho was ton of age, when he cam i Aboul Ah he moved to Ward Township, on M When a young man he was married to May Limon whom he ha< (rard married to E had nine children of whom ph W., Elizabeth, Jane (de< G-. ( W. A.. S. A. and D, O. J! War hip, and e gedin farming He ..'. had it i //<rs Wm. Winn and W. J. Warrener. Sabbath-school six months in the year. Prayer and lov< Sabbath. eighty-two cornmunicar;'. ] le ho tion T/". Union Christian Church at Laurel Run. — Elder*] Co( •: a protractc head of Laurel Run, March ■ or- th thirty-:- even n. Deacons, George W. .: : - and It worship in the Asbury Methodi ! /:'// ' 7 - "' Church. — In tl a class was _ sed in the known as the Maxwell elase rintil the present ho built in lhZl, when it i I to its present name in h Aebury. Th< i first in Maxwell's h< r a time in tl 1 on the H g .ton nty line in the neighborhood of the church. T • McKendree Ct Chapel Methodist Episcopal Church. — 1871, and t • ed from I McKendree church near by and assumed name house is a frame municants. Services < TJ eld in th< •' ] . '.' W. 11. McCutcheon and D then in < ring year William McClintock and R. B. lie: year, licKendre* > ,«u W lliam S ■ v E V 3 I w - .11.. nes a x ^ i I 5 d< ; . s I ■ . . \ . . . > v s \\ S 3 Dhe firs w [ y . \\ \ \\ irdJos MS. S 5 3 pos< >. Bftu< M rse, rh« I g - - is Is Oos C - .. ■' s isa was s all others ; a mark , g w - s 0. < Rev, Willis Y. D*ci ■ .' se was 3 ■ ... . '•'■■ tss wh [t was pros • i I. — In 1 $60 s si t Episcopa ves Wesleva mot! • >me in p '.' in 1863, located o a thing i 77-/ /''-/ •< Presbyterian Church J;'- ■ ' Ret •>' 'i memb ! bur; r I i I Hai On 6th / ■ Bereft Pre^ryterian Church 'J '.'■... ■ Harrncm •■ ' Bn Churc) ■ lOJrrt HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Zachariali Hunt, Clerks. Prior to 1821 the offices were filled by appointment. The election resulted as follows: Justice of the Peace, Jacob JByerly; Trustees, Sylvanus Finney and Peter Krider; Clerk, Francis Bartlett; Treasurer, Henry O'Neill; Constables, P. Buckingham, Zachariah Hunt. The township officers for 1883 are: Justices of the Peace, Homer Stiers and F. M. Simms; Trustees, A. Mosure, I. Y. Hart- sel and A. Brown; Clerk, R. B. Longstreth; Treasurer, B. C. Mc- Manigal; Assessor, C. S. Bay; Constables, R. Williams, I. JV1. Weed. BIOGRAPHICAL. William H. Armstrong, farmer and stock-raiser, section 34, Starr Township, was born in Preston County, W. Va., Feb. 21, 1857. He came with his parents to this township in 1861, and settled where he now resides. He was married Aug. 18, 1874, to Anna Ciiidester, daughter of Peter Chidester, Esn Atkison, section 8, Starr Township, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Jan. 7, 1842. He came with his parents to Starr Township in 1852. lie was married May 15, 1866, to Sarah E. Dean, daughter of Jesse Dean, of this township. They have four children — Albert A., John II., Jesse C. and Lynna M. Mr. Atkison owns eighty acres of land, and is engaged in general" farming and fruit-growing. Mr. and Mrs. Atkison are members of the Christian church at Mount Zion, of which he is deacon. John Atkison (deceased), the father of the above, was born in Pennsyl- vania, Jan. 1, 1S19. His father, Samuel Atkison, removed with his family to Harrison County, Ohio, when John was but a child. He came to Morgan County, Ohio, when a young man and to Hocking County in 1852, and settled in Starr Township, where he resided until his death, Sept. 20, 1869. He was married, Aug. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY". 1045 27, 1840, to Eve Ann Frey, by whom he had three children — Sam- uel L., Nancy J. and Mary E. The eldest daughter, now Mrs. William J. Mason, resides in Midland County, Mich., and the youngest, now Mrs. Banon Woolery, resides on the old home- stead. James 0. Austin, deceased, was the sixth child of James and Susan Austin, and was born in Newcastle County, Djl., Oct. 15, 1808. He came to Muskingum County, Ohio, when a young man? and soon after went to Wayne County, Ind., but on account of sickness returned to Muskingum County. He was married to Catharine Spangler Aug. 13, 1837, and at once removed to Lan- caster, Ohio. Mrs. Austin is a daughter of George and Barbara Spangler, and was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., May 18, 1814. They had five children, three now living — George W., James S., and Mary C. The deceased were — Sarah J. and Henry C. Mr. Austin came with his family to Starr Township in 1848 and resided on what is now the Ohio Patton farm, and owned and ran the saw-mill at that point. He owned there 444 acres of land. Mr. Austin died March 1, 1852. He was a kind husband and affectionate father. The administrator managed" badly and they lost the most of their property. The boys were small, and were compelled to work hard, but being industrious were very successful. George and Mary, with their mother, reside on the farm, on section 16. where they removed in 1856, having resided the two years previous on Raccoon Cree,k. George W. was born Jan. 30, 1840. He attended the common schools for three months in the winter for a few years, and worked the remainder of the year. He is an industrious and enterprising man and now has charge of the home farm. James S. Austin, Starr Township, was born in Lancaster, Ohio, Jan. 17, 1843, a son of James O. Austin. He came with his pa- rents to this county when quite small, and except two or three years residence in Taylorsville, Ohio, has since resided in Hock- ing County. His father died when he was small, and he and his brother George supported the family. The father left an abun- dance for their support, but through the mismanagement of the administrator they lost the most of their property, and had it not been for the energy of the sons the family might have suffered. They were industrious, hard workers and good managers. Mr. Austin enlisted for four months in Company K, One Hundred and Fiftv-first Regiment, Ohio National Guards. He was stationed at 1046 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. forts Sumner, Carney and Reno respectively, and was present when Breckenridge made his charge upon Washington. He was married Sept. 9, 1869, to Abigail E., daughter of John Mason, of this township. She was born Jan. 1, 18-42, in Greene County, Penn. They have two children — Amos O. and Mary Ethel. Our subject is engaged in general farming on section 22. Darius Bennett, a prominent mechanic of New Cadiz, was born in Starr Township, March 22, 1S41, and is a son of Jacob Bennett, a native of Madison County, N. Y., who came to Starr Township nearly sixty years ago and settled in the woods. Our subject was brought up on the old homestead and received a common- school education. He possesses much ingenuity and early learned the use of mechanicaltools. He mastered the carpenter's trade while yet a boy without an instructor. He also possesses a knowledge of machinery. He erected the machinery and operated a steam en- gine at Straitsville for three years. For the past two years he has been erecting coal-hoppers aud screens. He was married in the fall of 1860 to Frances A., daughter of Wesley Campbell, of Cadiz. They have four children — Warren, Josephine (Thompson), Cynthia L. and Herman. Mrs. Bennett died July 10, 1878. Mr. Bennett was married July 19, 1882, to Charlotte Stemler. His father, Ja- cob Bennett, was born Feb. 1, 1788, and married Mrs. Rueann Harper, April 22, 1840. She is a daughter of John Mathenv. Jacob Bennett died April 12, 1861. Lemuel Tobias Bethel, a farmer of Starr Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, was born in Hampshire County, Va., Nov. 9, IS 18, a son of Joshua and Nancy (Kidwell) Bethel. His parents moved to Ohio and settled near Senecaville, Guernsey County, when he was seven years of age. When he was twenty-two years of age he purchased a farm near Senecaville and carried it on till 1855, when he came to Athens County and settled in Trimble Township, living there till 1S68. He then removed to Harrison Township, Vinton Count} 7 , and in 1S80 purchased his present farm in Starr Township. In February, 1842, he married Rebecca Slater, of Guernsey County. They have eight children — Caroline, now Mrs. John Maxwell; Albert S., of Nelson ville; Joshua C; Nancy M., now Mrs. J. II. Anderson, of Vinton County; Lettice Ann, now Mrs. D. Ogg, of Vinton County; George William; John Lemuel; Mary I., now Mrs. Charles Collins, of Pike County. They have lost one daughter, Rebecca J., wife of Levi Collins, who died Dec. 14, 1881, aged twenty-one years. Mr. and Mrs. Bethel HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1047 are members of the Methodist church. He is a member of Hock- hocking Lodge, No. 339, I. 0. O. F., Nelsonville. While a resi- dent of Trimble Township he served as Trustee and Justice of the Peace. William D. Buckingham^ section 29, Starr Township, was born in Vinton (then Hocking) County, Ohio, March 29, 1842. He went with his parents to York Township in 1856 and came to this township in 1S61. He was a soldier in the late war in Company E, Ninetieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Captain Angle, who was killed at the siege of Nashville. He participated in the battle of Stone River, where he was wounded and thereby rendered unable for duty, and nine months later was discharged and now draws a small pension from the United States Govern- ment. Since the war his business has been for the most part that of a teamster. He was married July 31, 1862, to Almira McCallis- ter (her father, however, spells the name McCollester), a daughter of Abram McCollester. They have five children — Frank E., Charles G., Mary D., Martha J. and Abram Curtis. Mr. Bucking- ham owns thirty acres of land. William Curtis Buckingham, the father of the above, was born in Starr Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, March 8, 1819, and is a son of Philo Buckingham, a native of Con- necticut, who came to Starr Township in 1817, and settled in the woods. He resided here about twenty-seven years, then went to Jackson County, Ohio, and in 1850 removed to Edgar County, 111., where he died in the spring of 1851. He was brought up on the farm and received a limited common-school education. He was married Jan. 7, 1841, to Frederica D., daughter of August Schaal. She was born in Germany, and brought to America at the age of five years. Mr. and Mrs. Buckingham had six children, four now living— William D., Caroline M., John A. and Andrew B. One son, George P., died at the age of seven years, and an- other, Charles W., a promising young man of twenty-two years, was killed by falling coal in the mine at Slraitsville, this county. Our subject removed to York Township, as above stated, in 1856, and to Starr in 1S61, where he now resides on section 29. He is a member of the Odd Fellows fraternity. Janus Conavxiy was born in Steuben ville, Ohio, Sept. 25, 1S26. His father, George Conaway, was a native of County Deny. Ire- land. He married Mary Kilpatrick, also a native of that county, and in 1826 emigrated to America and settled in Steubenville, Ohio, where they remained until 1828, when they removed to Mus- 101S HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. kinsrum County and settled in the dense forests where the nights were made hideous by the increasing cries of the prowling wolves, and where many other wild animals roamed at will through the wil- derness of this then thinly settled country. George and Mary Conaway had six children b)rn to them; four of whom, Martha, Sarah, John and Nancy, were born in Ireland; the other two, our subject and George, were born in Ohio, the latter in Muskingum County. All are living except the eldest, Martha. She married Lenox Fisher in 1810, and was the mother of five children, three of whom are living — Mary J. (Crown), Nancy E. (Krigger) and Samantha (Cooms), all of whom reside near Gratiot, Licking Co., Ohio. Oue of her daughters, Sarah A. (Loughman), died at the age of thirty-two years, leaving a family of five children. Sarah Conaway married William Fisher, and has three children — Hon. John C, George and Mary K. (Bassett). John Conaway married Emily Waterman, of Massachusetts, by whom he has three chil- dren — George, Laura and John. They reside in Gratiot, Licking Co., Ohio. Nancy Conaway married' Peter Triplett and has two children — Mary E. (Irwin) and William A. They reside in New- ark, Ohio. George Conaway married Maria McCann, by whom he has two children — Jane and Mary A. They reside near Han- over, Licking Co., Ohio. The subject of this sketch was brought np on a farm and educated in the common schools. His parents died when he was young, and at the age of thirteen he was thrown upon his own resources, and the remainder of his early life and manhood was spent among strangers near Dresden, Ohio. In 1819 he went to Illinois, and returned in 1850. He went to Texas in 1S57, remained there and in Missouri till the fall of 1859, when he returned to Ohio. Mr. Conaway was a soldier for four months in Company G, One Hundred and Fifty-first Regiment, Ohio Na- tional Guards. He was engaged on duty most of the time in forts Sumner and De*Russy, at Washington, D. C, and was pres- ent when Brecken ridge male his charge on Washington. He purchased his present farm in November, 1849, and located per- manently on it in 1860. lie was married Feb. 28, 1852, to Miss Rachel, daughter of Patrick McKee, and in October, the following year (1853), removed to his farm in Starr Township. May 25, 1S51, Mrs. Conaway died leaving one child — Mary E., who died at the age of seven months. Aug. 22, 1860 ; Mr. Conaway was married t<> Mrs. Ann Mariah McCune,«ee Barnes, who was a native of Hocking County and of Sjotch ancestry. Two sons were born HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1049 to this union — U. L., born June 13, 1861, now of the publishing firm of Leggett, Conaway & Co., of Chicago, 111., and Elmer Carl- ton, the youngest, born Oct. 5, 1862. Mrs. Conaway was born in 1835, and died March 24, 1867. Mrs. Conaway had one child by her first husband — Matthew McCune. Mr. Conaway celebrated his last marriage March 23, 1869, with Miss Phoebe Jane, daughter of John and Rachel Mason. They have had three children; of these two are living — John Mason, born Oct. 20, 1872, and Fanny Es- tella, born Dec. 29, 1875. Mrs. Conaway was born in Greene County, Pa., April 27, 1845. Mr. Conaway is a member in good standing of the Masonic fraternity, and with his family is a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal church, with which he has been identified for thirty years. lie has served the church as Class- leader during that entire period except one year. He was member of the Board of Township Trustees one term, and has been Ministe- rial Trustee for twenty years. He owns 150 acres of land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. Peter Courier, section 35, Starr Township, general farmer, was born in Lycoming County, Pa., Sept. 11, 1811, and is a son of Peter Courter (deceased), a native of Berks County, Pa. Mr. Courter was brought up on the farm, 'and received a limited educa- tion in a subscription school. He married Elizabeth Coalman July 7, 1836, and has had ten children, of whom six are living — Mary A. (Mrs. Sherlock), Charles, Isabelle (Mrs. Trobridge), Rebecca (Mrs. Armstrong), Martha (Mrs. Buckingham), and Cath- arine (Mrs. Hansel). One son, William, died in the late war from the effects of a wound. One daughter, Ella, was married to Isaac Lowry, and at her death left one child. Mr. Courter brought his family to Jackson Count}-, Ohio, in 1855, where he worked at the blacksmith trade until 1858, when he came to Union, or Five-Mile Furnace. He came to his present farm in 1861. Mr. Courter is a member of the Bible Christian church. Mrs. Courter died Oct. 16, 1882. She was a church member for fifty-two years, and a faithful Christian. Mr. Courter owns ninety-two acres of fine land. Rev. W?n. M. Craig, section 1, Starr Township, was born in Falls Township, Muskingum Co., Ohio, April 27, 1847. He was brought to this county by his parents in the fall of 184S. His boy- hood days were spent on his father's farm. He attended the com- mon school and finished his education in the Otterbien University, at Westerville, Ohio, He was first licensed as a local preacher in the Lancaster district of the Ohio Methodist Episcopal Conference 1050 HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. in 1876, by Elder H. A. Gortner. He traveled for five years as a supply in the regular work. Mr. Craig is now extensively engaged in fruit culture, making a specialty of fine budded peaches. As a fruit-grower he is eminently successful. His fruits command the highest prices in the Cincinnati, Columbus and Baltimore markets. Pie was married Oct. 25, 1S66, to Miss Cynthia A. Mathews, daughter of Ephraim Mathews. They have five children — Frank L., Minnie M., Eugene N., Linnie A. and Emma Grace. Hugh Craig, father of the above, was born July S, 1812, in Washington County, Pa., and is of Irish parentage. He came to Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1822, and to Hocking in 18-18. He married Jane Jenkins. They had nine children, four now living — Mary, Martha, Jane and William M. Nathan H. Essex, deceased, late of Starr Township, was born in Jackson Township, Morgan Co., Ohio, a son of Nathan Essex, a native of Maryland. He was reared on a farm and received a common-school education. He was married in January, 1849, to Elizabeth Jane Morris, daughter of John Morr's, born in Morgan County, Ohio, Sept. 12, 1829. They have had eleven children, of whom ten are living — Charity A. (now Mrs. Rogers), Calvin, E. Almira (now Mrs. Cook), Winfield S., Zelda V. (now Mrs. Wolf), Amne (now Mrs. Wolf), Hannibal II., Sherman S. and Nelson S. Mr. Essex removed to Hocking County in April, 1863, and settled on section 3, Starr Township, where lie resided and was engaged in farming and clearing his land until his death, March 21, 1873. He was a member of the Christian church at Mt. Zion. Mrs. Essex afterward married P. C. Blackburn, of Athens County. Freeman IF. Frey z section 21, Starr Township, is a native of Fayette County, Pa., and was born Sept. 19, 1825. His father, Jonathan Frey (deceased), was a native of Greene County, Pa., and emigrated to Morgan County in 1836. He came to this county in 1865 and died here March 1, 1866. There were nine children in the family ot whom seven are living — Elizabeth, Eve A., (Mrs. Atkinson), William II., Freeman W., Maria (Mrs. Williamson), Phoebe J. (Mrs. Wany),and Isabell. Rachel was married to Benja- min Stead and at her death left several children. John died at Pittsburg Landing while in the service of the Union during the late war. Mr. Frey was brought upon the farm, and while a young man learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed for many years. He built many <>f the best dwellings and school-houses in Starr Township and vicinity, and the trestles on the railroad be- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1051 tween Hocking River and Starr postoffice. He served in the late war in Company F, Fifty-sixth Ohio Infantry one year, and partici- pated in the battles of Fort Donelson,- Shiloh and others. He was married in Morgan Comity, Ohio, Nov. 24, 1850, to Jane, daughter of David Archibald (deceased), a native of Belmont County, Ohio. She was born in Morgan County, Ohio. They have seven children — Robert E., M. Ann (Mrs. Mason), Lizzie A., Emma E., David A., George B. M. and Ida M. For the past few years Mr. Frey has been engaged in farming and stock-raising. Alford Gray, section 33, Starr Township, was born in Fairfield County, Conn., Jan. 1-1, 1809. His father, Eli Gray, brought his family to the head of Seneca Lake in New York State in 1818, and to Tioga County, Pa., in 1820, and there settled in a wilderness. Our subject came to Hocking County in 1853 for his health, and has since resided here. He was married Feb. 18, 1830, to Anna, daughter of Ira Pettibone. They have seven children — Alva, Au- rinda, Aaron, Albert, Adaline, Dexter and Marietta. Mrs. Gray's grandfather, Seth Pettibone, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and fought in the battle of Bennington. Mrs. Gray was reared within twenty miles of that battle-ground. Mr. Gray's Grandfather Wood was also a Revolutionary soldier, and was present at the surrender of Cornwallis and saw a colored man step up to the former and hold the following interview : "Is this General Cornwallis ?" " Yes," said Cornwallis, bowing very low. "But it must be*. Cobwallis now, 'case General AVashington has shelled all de cohn off," replied the darky earnestly. One daugh- ter of Mr. Gray, Adaline, married Napoleon Stout, and had three children — Frank M., Frederick A. and Edward A. Marietta mar- ried William Dishennet and had two children, one living — Anna M. Mr. Dishennet's first wife was Eliza A. Ilarter. They had one child— George L. Henry Groves, section 19, Starr Township, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Dec. 30, 1835. He was reared on the farm and re- ceived a common-school education. He came with his parents to this township in April, 1850. He was married April 23, 1S63, to Mary A. Rose, daughter of Rev. William Rose, a Baptist preacher (old school), who was born in Pennsylvania in 1794. They have had eight children, seven now living — James W., Clarinda, Parthena, Ida B., Jesse B., William N. and Frank L. One son, Alfred, died at the age of five years. Mr. Groves owns 177 acres of valuable land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. On 1052 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. his farm there are two strata of coal, one four feet and the other six feet in thickness. Mrs. Groves is a member of the Bible Chris- tian church at Mount Zion. Henry Groves (deceased), the father of the above, was born in Hampshire Co.unty, Va., Dec. 7. 1T95. At the age of sixteen years he began to learn the tanner's trade, which he followed for a few years. In 1S25 he came to Morgan County, Ohio, and to Starr Township in April, 1S56. He was married in 1819 to Rebecca Devault, a daughter of Andrew De- vault. She was born June 16, 1795. They had ten children, six now living — Mary, Eli, Elizabeth, Eliza, Henry and Margaret E. Mr. Groves was for many years a member of the Protestant Meth- odist church. He died June 21, 1869, respected by all. Mrs. Groves' nephew, Andrew Jackson Devault, has resided with the family for the past thirty-nine years, and now resides with Henry Groves. He was born in June, 1829, and has been a cripple since he was twenty-one months old. Mrs. Groves died in 1869. J. Foreman Guthrie, section 31, Starr Township, was born in Fayette County, Pa., Nov. 2, 1851. His father, Absalom Guthrie (deceased), was a native of Preston County, Va., and brought his family to Starr Township in March, 1866. There were eleven children in the family, our subject being the fifth. Nine are now living — Isaac, Mary F., Rachel A., James M., J. Foreman, Martha, Virginia A., S.irah L. and William X. The father died in Feb- ruary, 1869. Our subject was married Dec. 27, 1SS1, to Hannah Grimes, daughter of Josiah Grimes, of Perry County, Ohio. They have one child — Charles W. Mr. Guthrie owns 300 acres of land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He also deals extensively in stock. Mrs. Guthrie was born Jan. 6, 1859, in Perry County. Her grandfather, John Grimes, settled there fifty-fire years ago. Joseph W. Barned, section 28, Starr Township, was born in Preston County, W. Va., July 26, 1836. His father, Edward Ilarned, deceased, was also a native of Preston County, and re- moved his family to Fayette County, Pa., in 1839. Our subject came to this county in- 1861. He was a soldier in the late war, in Company I, One Hundred and Fifty-first Regiment, Ohio National Guards, for four or five months, and was present when Brecken- ridge made the charge on Washington City. He married, Nov. 26, 1859, Miss Mary F. Guthrie, daughter of Absalom Guthrie, de- ceased. They have had seven children, only five now living — Annie L., Walter, Jenuie B., Lucy and Estella May. Mr. Harned owns HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1053 207 acres of land and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was Trustee of Starr Township for three years, and Ministerial Trustee the past two years. He and family are members of the Methodist church. Mr. Harned is a member of the I. O. O. F. Benjamin A. Hosom, of Belpre Township, Washington Co., Ohio, was born in Bristol Township, Morgan County, Jan. 24, 1825. His father, Andrew Hosom, was born near Augusta, Maine, in 1777. He was the father of eleven children, seven girls and four boys, of whom the subject of this sketch is the youngest. Six of this number are living — Martha, Sarah, Andrew J., Elbridge G., Lydia and Benjamin A. Andrew Hosom came to Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1S15, and to Bristol Township, Morgan County, in 1816, and settled in the woods. He died in Morgan County in 1S67. Our subject was reared on the farm, and received a common- school education. For ten years he sold goods over the Southern part of Ohio, but for the past twenty-five years has been selling fruit-trees in Central and Southern Ohio, and West Virginia. As a fruit-tree man Mr. Hosom has been eminently successful. His motto has always been fair and honest dealing, and his business has constantly increased. In 1872 he sold trees for a few orchards in the neighborhood of Xelsonville, to the amount of $1,100, and in the past two years he has sold $4,000 worth on the same terri- tory. He makes budded peaches a specialty, and has all the latest varieties, and one of the largest collections. He has planted some of the best orchards in the State of Ohio. He was married July 4, 1S50, to Mary A. Beckett, by whom he has had ten children. Of these eight are living — Andrew J. M., Henrietta A., Mary E., Clara A. and William B. (twins), Elmer E. and Everett E. A. (twins), and Eva Delle. Joseph Ingmire, deceased, late of Starr Township, was born in the State of Maryland, July 21, 1802, and was a son of Snoden Ingmire, who brought his family to Muskingum County, Ohio, when the subject of this sketch was a small boy. Joseph came to Starr Township in 1849, where he cleared out a farm, working very hard until his death, Aug. 21, 1S73. lie was married June 25, 1S35. to Susanna Williams, by whom he had twelve children ; of these ten are living — Eliza J. (Mrs. Hutchinson), John, Snoden, Abraham, Mary (Mrs. Boyles), George, Martha (Mrs. Bucking- ham), Addison, Lizzie and Susanna. Snoden and Addison, with the two younger girls and their mother, reside on the old home- stead, of which there is 132 acres, situated on section 36. The boys are engaged in farming and stock-raising. 1054 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Samuel Jones, deceased, late of Starr Township, was born in Pennsylvania, Nov. 27, 1S09. His father, William Jones, was also a native of Pennsylvania, and of English descent. Mr. Jones came when a boy with his parents to Guernsey (now Noble) County, Ohio, where he was reared on a farm. He there married Sarah Voolf, Dec. 27, 1831. They had fifteen children; of theso ten are living — William, John, Malinda (Mrs. Smith), Elizabeth (Mrs. Howe), Thomas T., Mary Ann, Lucinda, Alexander M., Amos M. and Flora E. Two sons, Joseph B. and Solomon W., lost their lives while in the service of their country during the Rebell- ion. The former died a prisoner in Andersonville, and the latter was killed in the battle of Chancellorsville. One daughter, Sa- rah, died when a young lady, and two died in infancy. Mr. Jones brought his family to Starr Township in 1S3$, and settled almost in the woods, there being but a few acres cleared. He was a hard worker and good manager, and prospered and grew wealthy. His business was that of a farmer and stock-raiser, and at the time of his death he owned 950 acres of valuable land. He died March 14. 1S66, loved and respected by all. He was a church member for many years, and a Freemason in good standing. His purse was ever open to help the worthy poor, and he gave largely for the support of churches, schools and other benevolent enterprises. Perry D. Latimer was born in Amestown, Athens Co., Ohio, Dec. 16, 1813. His father, Elijah Latimer, settled in Amestown in an early day when the wild animals and Indians were numerous. Mr. Latimer attended a subscription school in a log cabin where Kelson ville now stands. He was married Dec. 6, 1832, to Hannah Harris, bj T whom he had ten children, nine now living — Mary L., Catharine, Huldah, Clorinda, Jane, Isabell, Hiram L., Samuel I. and David P. Mr. Latimer came to Starr Township in 185S. He owns ninety-four acres of land, resides on section 24, and is engaged in arming and stock-raising. He is a member of the Christian church. Joseph D. Longstreth, section 21, Starr Township, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Aug. 23, 1824, a son of James and Mary (Dodds) Longstreth. His father was a native of Allegheny County, Pa., and was brought by his parents to Morgan County when only six years old, or about the year 180S. The family were the first settlers there, and James had the exciting experience of shooting bears and other wild animals. He became a prominent man and died in Clinton County, Mo., in 1879. Our subject's grandfather, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1055 John Dodds, was also one of the first settlers of Morgan County the date of his settlement not being certainly known. He cut a road through the thick woods in order to reach his land, and at that time there was but one house between his home and Roseville. Mr. Longstreth came to this county in 1852 and bought land ot John Westenhaver, of Green Township, residing in an old log cabin. He now owns 1,363 acres of land besides a large tract in Mis- souri. As a farmer and stock-raiser he has been eminently suc- cessful. He is the most extensive wool-grower in Hocking County, having the best quality of fine Vermont sheep. He is also en- gaged in the culture of short-horn cattle. Mr. Longstreth is very liberal in his charitable and philanthropic donations. He gave the land for the Presbyterirn church at New Cadiz, besides giving a large amount of money. He was married in March, 1852, to Miss Cynthia Bay, by whom he has three children — Robert, Mary E. and Cynthia A. Robert is married to Miss Blanche Cresap, ot Dresden, Muskingum Co., Ohio. Mr. Longstreth and family are members of the Presbyterian church, and Mr. Longstreth is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. Mrs. Longstreth's father, Robert Bay, was born in Washington County, Pa., and his father, Thomas Bay, was from England. Robert Bay was a Colonel in the war of 1S12. He came to Guernsey County, Ohio, in 1816, when the wild animals were their only neighbors. Mrs. Longstreth's grand- mother, Elizabeth Bay, was a sister of General Samuel Blackburn, of Revolutionary fame. Mr. B.iy came to Vinton County, Ohio, in 1852, where he died in 1S55. Mrs. Longstreth's mother was Phoebe Lindley, of "Washington County, Pa., and of English do- scent, and a daughter of Ziba Lindle}^. The last one of the family is Ahnus Lindley, of Albany, Ohio, who is aged eighty-one years. James M. Loomis, of Cadiz, was born in Starr Township. March 9, 1849, and is a son of Jesse H. Loomis (deceased), an early set- tler of this township. Our subject was brought up on a farm and received a common-school education. For the past thirteen years lie has been working at the trade of a carpenter. He was married Jan. 18, 1879, to Emma II., daughter of John W. Shaw. They have had two children, only one living — John W. Mr. Loomis owns forty acres of valuable land one mile east of Cadiz, and prop- erty in Cadiz. He is a member of the Odd Fellows fraternity. George Thomas Mason, son of John Mason, of Starr Township. Hocking Co., Ohio, was born in Greene County, Pa., Nov. 23, 1S50. His parents removed with their family in 1852 to Harrison County, Va., thence to Coles County, 111., in 1S54, and to Hocking 1056 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. County, Ohio, in 1S56. As soon as he was large enough to shoul- der a hoe he was placed in the corn-field. He attended the common district school for three months daring the winter seasons, and worked on the farm the rest of the year. He attended Miller's Academy, in Athens County, a short time, and the Logan High School a few terms. Most of his education, however, in the higher branches was obtained by persistent study and without a tutor. He began teaching at the age of eighteen years, and taught the most of the time for ten years, in the States of Ohio, Illinois and Kansas. He has also devoted some attention to teaching vocal music and giving public musical entertainments. He had for his instructors in music Prof. S. Wesley Martin, of Chicago, 111., and Prof. D. Wilson, of Paris, 111. Our subject was married Dec. 21, 1879, to Miss Ida E. Gray, daughter of Harvey Gray (deceased), late of Sidell Township, Vermillion Co., 111. They have one child — Guy. .Mrs. Mason was born Sept. 8, 1855, in Jefferson, Ind. Mr. Mason is a member of the Missionary Baptist church, and before his busi- ness called him almost constantly from home was an enthusiastic Sunday-school worker. His homo is in Areola, Douglas Co., 111. John Mason was born May 7, 1819, in Aleppo (now Jackson) Township, Greene Co., Pa. His early educational advantages were very limited, attending a subscription school only a short time during a few winter seasons, but by private study he has become very well educated. He mastered the science and art of surveying and engineering under the teachings of his elder brother, William, then a prominent school-teacher in Greene County, Pa.,and followed the business of surveying for thirteen years. lie taught the public school in his native county for five winters, and one winter in Washington County, Pa. He was married May 21, 1S39, to Rachel, daughter of Jacob and Abigail Ross. They have had ten children born to them — Mary, Abigail E. (Austin), William J., Phcebe Jane (Conaway), Hiram, James K. P., Jacob R. (deceased), George T., Timothy R., and Francis R. (deceased). William mar- ried Nancy J. Atkinson, by whom he has had nine children; of these six are living — Rachel Agnes, Lawson, Eve A., Robert, Luther and an infant. Hiram married Kate Eddington, and they have had six children, five living — Annie, Arthur, Rachel C, John and Maud M. James K. married Elizabeth Snyder and has five chil- dren — Minnie M., Ross, Gertrude, Frederick and Kelsie. Jacob R. married Hester Ann lies, by whom he had two children, one living — J. Luther. Jacob died Jan. 8, 187S, near Des Moines, Iowa. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1057 William resides near Edenville, Mich.; James, in Palmero, 111.; George T., in Areola. 111., and the others in Hocking Valley. Our subject removed with his family to Harrison County, Va., in August, 1852, and settled on the Reeder farm on the west fork of of the Monongahela River, purchasing 280 acres of land. In the fall of 1854 he removed to Coles (now Douglas) County, III., where he engaged in farming on the prairie until the fall of 1856, when failing health caused him to retrace his steps for some dis- tance, and he settled on his present farm on section 3, Starr Town- ship, Hocking Co. , Ohio. He at first purchased 140 acres, and in 1864 added to it fifteen acres. Mrs. Mason died Sept. 1, 1864, and Nov. 21, 1869, he married Charlotte L. Pelton, daughter of Lynns B. and Ilettie M. (Woodruff) Pelton, the former a native of Connecticut and the latter of New Jersey. They have one child — Hettie M. Mr. Mason was Auditor of Greene County, Pa., from 1848 to 1851, and in 1851 he came within seventeen votes of beino" elected to the office of County Surveyor in the same county. He held the office of County Commissioner for Hocking County from 1866 to 1872, having been twice elected in that time. During his term of office many very important public improvements were made, among them several bridges, the new county jail, and the new county infirmary buildings. He has led a Christian life for many years and has been a member of the Christian church at Mt. Zion ever since its organization. The father of the above, James Mason, was born in County Tyrone, Ire- land, Sept. 24, 1784, and was a son of William Mason, also a native of Ireland, who brought his family to Greene County, Pa., in 1788, and settled near where Waynesburg now stands (it was then Washington County). The elder Mason died in Greene County about the year 1815. James Mason married Mary Sayers, by whom he had six children — Elizabeth (Ross), William (deceased i, Mary (Sayers), George, Charlotte (Scott), and John, whose name heads this sketch. James Mason died on the old homestead in Greene County, Pa., June 13, 1869. Our subject's mother died in January, 1883, in her ninety-seventh year. Mary Mason, a well-known school-teacher of Hocking County, and daughter of John Mason, of Starr Township, was born in Greene County, June 17, 1840; came to Virginia with her parents in l v 52, thence to Illinois in 1854, and to Hocking County, Ohio, in 1856. She was educated in the common schools, New Plymouth select school, and Waynesburg, Pennsylvania, College. She be- 67 105S HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. gan teaching at the age of eighteen years and has taught the most of the time since then until within the past two or three years. As a teacher Miss Mason has been eminently successful, both as a disciplinarian and tutor. She has taught in all over thirty terms in the States of Ohio, Pennsylvania and Illinois, and passed through many rigid examinations to obtain a teacher's license. The writer well remembers when he was a small boy of hearing her relate a dream she had just before attending the examination. She was young and very anxious as to the result of the fast approaching event, and a few nights before the day for the examination she dreamed that she had been successful and had been granted a certificate for three months and forty days. When she engages in an enterprise she goes at it with that iron will which is sure of success, hence her success as a teacher. Miss Mason has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church since eighteen years of age. Timothy R. Mason, M. D., section 3, Starr Township, was born in Greene County, Penn., May 10, 1852, and is a son of John Mason. Our subject was brought by his parents to Harrison County, Va., in the fall of 1854, and two years later to Coles County, 111., where they remained until the fall of 1856, when they removed to Starr Township. The Doctor was here brought up on the farm and attended the common district school during three months in the winter, working on the farm the rest of the year. In 1873 he learned the art of telegraphy, but soon after be- gan the study of medicine under Dr. D. T. Gilliam, of Nelson- ville, remaining there until the fall of 1874, when he took one course of lectures in the Starling Medical College at Columbus, Ohio. He then practiced medicine a short time in Millfield, Athens Co., Ohio, and removed to Sharon, Noble Co., Ohio, where he practiced until April, 1876; then removed to Maxvi lie, Perry Co., Ohio, where he remained until February, 1877. He then re- moved to Mt. Blanco, Meigs Co., Ohio, where he practiced till the fall of 18S0, when he removed to the old homestead in Starr Township, where he has since resided. He was married April 10, 1875, to Ann, daughter of Freeman W. Frey, of this township. They have had three children — Voss Genner, Mabel R., and Al- mus L. Abraha?n McCollester (or McCallister, as spelled by other mem- bers of the family), was born in Shenandoah County, Va., Oct. 4, 1803, and came to Fairfield Co., Ohio, with his parents in 1810. His education was limited, as the advantages were poor. He at- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1059 tended school in a log cabin of the rudest description. He came to Hocking County in a very early day, and was married May 15, 1825, to Maria Woltz, a daughter of George Woltz. They have had seven children — Elizabeth (now Mrs. Davis), Mary A. (after- ward Mrs. Snyder), Thomas, David, Martha, Hettie (now Mrs. Lama), and Almira (now Mrs. Buckingham). For the most of his life Mr. McCollester has been a farmer, but for seven or eight years he was engaged in making chairs, and eleven years he fol- lowed the draying business in Nelsonville. Mrs. McCollester died April 9, 1879, and he married, Oct. 28, 1879, Mrs. Rebecca Loomis. She had five children by her first husband — Russell, James, John, Elizabeth and Mary A. Alexander McClurg, section 23, Starr Township, was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, April 10, 1810, and is a son of James McClurg (deceased), a native of Boston, Mass. Our subject was brought up on a farm and educated in the subscription school of pioneer days. Mr. McClurg went to Brooks County, Va., in 1831. He was a brick-maker over thirty years. In 1861 he came to Hocking and settled in Falls Township, and in Starr Township in 1873. He was married in April, 1832, to Isabell, daughter of Robert West (deceased), a native of Ireland. She was born in Washington County, Pa. They have had twelve children, of whom only four are living — Leander, Johnson, Sarah A., and Mary S. Those deceased are — James, Robert, William, David, Henderson, Frank, Nancy J. and Columbus. They have an adopted child — Ida E. Drake, who still resides with them. Mr. McClurg owns 161: acres of land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. While he was in Falls Township he was Justice of the Peace nine years. He is a member of the Masonic frater- nity. For five or six years he followed oil-cloth painting in Vir- ginia. He also followed the stone-mason's and shoemaker's trades for several years. William McCue was born in Augusta County,Va., in Upper Shen- andoah Valley, on Middle River, April 4, 1818. His father, John McCue, was also a native of Augusta County. Our subject came to Morgan County, Ohio, in 1S30, and to Athens County in 1S35. The first threshing he did was in Morgan County, in 1S32, with an old-fashioned one-horse tramp grubber, which was a great improve- ment on the flail and the tramping floor. The next machine he used was a four-horse lever-power grubber. In 1855 he came to Starr Township, which has since been his home. The first separa- 1060 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tor he used 'was a McConnelsville machine in 1858 or '59, built by Mr. Patterson and owned by Edmund Wolf and Joseph Mc- Daniel. Since 1S32 Mr. McCue has missed but three seasons from the dusty threshing machine,and he is known far and near as " Billy McCue, the thresher." He was married in 1846 to Eliza Pierce, by whom he had one child — Catharine (now Mrs. Stump). Mrs. McCue died, and in 1856 he married Alma Terry, daughter of Robert Terry. They have had seven children, six living — Philene, Allen, Minerva, Julia, Robert and Viola. Benjamin C. McManigal, of Union Furnace, was born in Mifflin County, Pa., March 27, 1840, and is a son of Robert Mc- Manigal, also a native of Mifflin County. Our subject received his education at Tuscarawas and Pine Grove Mills academies (Penn.). He served in the late war in Company C, Forty-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry, from the fall of 1861 until the close of the war. He enlisted as a private, and was made First Lieutenant in the fall of 1863, and a few weeks later was captured at Petersburg, Ya. He was kept a prisoner for four months and twenty-two days, in the prisons at Libby, Salisbury, N. C, and Danville, Va., and on Washington's birthday, 1864, he was exchanged. After his return home he studied dentistry, and in 1866 came to Logan, Ohio, where he practiced until 1868, when he went to Litchfield, 111., and practiced for one year. His health then failed, and in 1869 he went to Lake City, Minn., and to St. Louis, Mo., in 1S70, where he kept books for Garrett, McDowel & Co. until 1871. He then came to Union Furnace and clerked and kept books three years. In 1874 he, in company with his brother Dal, purchased the fur- nace, which they operated from 1SS0 until 18S3. He was married March 18, 1874, to Mary E. Work, daughter of John W. Work, of Logan. They have three children — Jessie C, Benjamin E., and Mary F. The Doctor is a member of the Presbyterian church, and an Odd Fellow. Josiah II. Moore was born near Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pa., March 16, 1805, a son of Abram Moore, also a native of Pennsyl- vania. He served an apprenticeship at wool-carding and cloth- dressing in Uniontown, Pa. When young he went to Kentucky and worked at his trade, but soon after came to Cincinnati, work- ing at his trade in a factory. He next came to Athens County and worked for B. Pruden 6ome time, when he was engaged at Wolf's Lower Mills, near Athens. After working there awhile he pur- chased the saw and grist mills, and afterward bought the Upper HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 1061 Mills at Salina, in partnership with John Matheny. He then bought the latter out and ran both mills for several years, in the meantime accumulating considerable property, but the slack water in the canal ruined his business. In April, 1844, he came to this county and followed the avocation of a farmer, but now, helpless and stricken in years, he is living with his son, "Wilson P., in Starr. In 1829 he was married to Lydia, daughter of Christopher Wolf, one of the first settlers of Athens Township. They have been blessed with eight children — Isaac, Andrew, Wilson P., Barak W.,Rhoda W. (deceased), Lydia, Caroline W. and Elizabeth H. Mrs. Moore died Dec. 27, 1881. Mr. Moore has been a member of the Method- ist Episcopal church for many years. Aaron W. Mosure, farmer and stock-raiser, section 13, Starr Township, was born in Green Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, March 6, 1837. His father, Nathan Mosure, came from Dutchess County ,N Y., to this county in 1.834. He was reared on a farm and received a common-school education. He enlisted in the late war in Com- pany E, Ninetieth Ohio Infantry, as a private, and afterward was transferred and promoted to First Lieutenant of Company G-, same regiment. He participated in the battles of Perry ville, Stone River, Chickamauga (here his company of forty-five men lost six- teen of their number), Atlanta, Kingston, Resaca, Franklin, Tenn., Nashville (where they took sixty -eight pieces of artillery in two days, and killed and captured 9,000 rebels). Mr. Mosure com- manded his company at the last-named battle, and also at the battle of Franklin, Tenn. At that battle the boys in blue made a stand to save their supply train, planting their artillery on the pike. The rebels made a desperate charge, and in the single charge lost 4,500 men in killed and wounded. Lieutenant Mosure received a great deal of praise for his gallantry. He was married April 21, 1867, to Mary J., daughter of Thomas M. Bay. She was born in Guernsey County, Ohio. Mr. Mosure came to Starr Township in 1869, where he still resides, and owns 131 acres of valuable land. He was Township Trustee several years, and took the census in 1S80. Thomas O'Neill, deceased, late of Starr Township, was born June 10, 1792, in Pennsylvania, just after his parents and family landed from Ireland. His father, Henry O'Neill, being the first settler of Starr Township is mentioned at greater length in the gen- eral history of this township. Our subject accompanied his father and elder brothers to this township in 1810, and assisted in clear- 1062 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ing land and sowing a crop of wheat preparatory to removing the rest of the family here the following spring. Mr. O'Neill was a hard worker, and had many difficulties to encounter. He had to go to Channcey to get his blacksraithing done and to get his corn ground. He was married in 1817 to Ann Lee,' a daughter of James Lee. They have had nine children, only six living — Ros- anna, Elizabeth (Lincoln), George, Lafayette, Lovina and Joseph. The deceased were — Martha, Alvin and Tnomas. Rosanna and George are not married, and reside on the old homestead, of which there is 220 acres. George was born June 19, 1822. Rosanna is the oldest of the family, and is a subscriber for this work. Eliza- beth married Albert Lincoln, and has seven children — Elizabeth, Martha, Benjamin, Alvin, George, Thomas, and Charles. Lafay- ette married Patty Eggleston, and has two children — Benjamin and Asahel. Lovina married Lafayette Eggleston, and had four chil- dren — Martha (deceased), Lovina, Lafayette and Ettie. Joseph married Mahala Keeton and has one child — Ettie. Alvin (de- ceased) married Desire Morse and had two children — Lovina and Thomas. Thomas (deceased) married Mary Piney and had two children — George W. and Rosanna. Mr. O'Neill died Oct. 30, 1S68, respected by all who knew him. Adam Runyon, section 15, Starr Township, was born in Pike County. March 25, 182-1, and is a son'of Henry Runyon (deceased), a native of Virginia. Our subject was reared on a farm and attended a subscription school in h;s native county. lie came to Lawrence County, Ohio, in 1S56, to Vinton County in 1869, and Hocking in 1876. He served in the late war in Company E, One Hundred and Seventy-third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, about one year. Mr. Runyon was married in June, 1856, to Margaret, daughter of John Collins (deceased). She was born in Cabell County, W. V a. , and came to Lawrence County, Ohio, soon after their marriage in 1856. Meredith F. Slmms was born in Culpeper County, Va..May 24:, 1S36. His father, John W. Simms, was a native of the same county, and brought his family to Norwich, Muskingum Co., Ohio, in 1838, and to Athens County in 1810, settling in Athens Township. Our subject began to learn the tanner's trade when twelve years old, and followed that business for several years. He came to Starr Township in 1865, where he has since resided. lie owns 173 acres of land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. For the past nine years he has held the office of Justice of the Peace. He was HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 10G3 married in 1864 to Emeline, daughter of Alex. Kinnear. They have ten children — Mary, William T. S., Thomas S., Lucy M., Lenora, Susan, John W., James M., Lewis Deen and Nancy. Mr. Simms is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Captain Wilford Slurs, leading farmer and breeder of tine short- horn cattle and fine sheep, Starr Township, was born near Smeca- ville, Guernsey Co., Ohio, May 31, 1824. When thirteen years of age lie came with his parents to Hocking County and settled on what is known as the Myers farm near Logan, at that time a very small place. Lie remained during his boyhood on his father's farm attending school. When twenty-two he taught one term of school, and in the spring of 1846 he helped raise Company D, Second Ohio, fir the Mexican war. The regiment was commanded by Colonel G. W. Morgan; Simeon Tucker was elected.Captain of the companj'; he resigned and Captain Abram Siford succeeded him. Captain Stiers was first appointed Sergeant of the company and afterward promoted to Orderly. The company left Logan in June, 1S46> went to Mexico via New Orleans and Brazos Island, returning home at the expiration of the service, in July. 1847. Mr. Stiers then remained on his father's farm until fall, when he made up his mind either to get married or to go to California. He began first to look for a wife and was fortunate in finding a most estimable young lady, Miss Eiizabith Wolf, to whom he was married Dae. 9, 1847. She was born at Wolf's Plains, Athens C >., Ohio, Oct. 17, 1827, the daughter of Christopher and.Rhoda (Dorr) Wolf, who were among the earliest settlers of Athens County. They had a family of seven sons and three daughters, Mrs. Stiers being the j'oungest. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Stiers settled on the old Wolf farm in Starr Township, Hocking County, where they still reside. They are both members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They have had ten children, all living — Vernon C, born March 21, 1849, was married March 18, 1875, to Leah Rannells, the daughter of Thomas and Mahala Rmnells, and resides on a farm near Creola, Vinton County. Irene was born Feb. 4, L851, and wa9 married Sept. 6, 1871, to O. C. Pierce, a native of Underbill, Chittenden Co., Vt. He is agent and telegraph oper- ator for the C, H. V. & T. P. R., at Haydenville. Stephen Stiers was born Nov. 31, 1852, and was mirriedDec. 31, 1877, to Kate Russel, a native of England, and resides in Jefferson County, Kas. Wilson Homer Stiers was born Aug. 5,1856, and was married May 3, 1882, to Cora Saumenig, a native of Logan, and resides on the 1064 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. old homestead. Flavius J., born Nov. 16, 185S; Ada May, May 23, 1861; Lizzie, Jan. 31, 1861; Wilford M., Aug. 21, 1866; Zoa, Jan. 20, 1873 ; Albert H., Oct. 29, 1S76, reside on the old homestead with their parents. Captain Wilford Stiers is not only one of the old settlers of Hocking County, but is also one of her leading farmers and citizens. At the outbreaking of the late war he assisted in raising Company F, Fifty-eighth Ohio Infantry. He enlisted as a private but was appointed Lieutenant, and was afterward elected Captain of the company; remained in the ser- vice eighteen months, when he was compelled to resign on account of poor health. He then returned home and has since confined his attention to farming and breeding fine stock, paying especial attention to fine Spanish Merino sheep, and has one of the finest and best-bred flocks in the State. The Captain has some of the finest-bred and bast-trained sheep and cattle dogs in the country and has sold dogs to leading farmers and stock-men in this and other States. James W. Thompson, section 29, Starr Township, was born in Lodi Township, Athens Co. , Ohio, Nov. 6, 1837. His father, John Thompson, deceased, was a native of York Township, Athens County. Our subject's grandfather, Jeremiah Thompson, came from England to Athens County prior to the year 1800. Mr. Thompson's grandfather, Josephus Carpenter, used to run foot races with the Indian boys. Mr. Thompson was reared on the farm and received a limited education. For some years he worked on public works. He served as a soldier in Company I, Seventy- fifth Ohio Infantry, for three years, and participated in the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Freeman's Ford, second Bull Rnn, Cam]) Baldwin, Gainesville, Pocataligo and others. He was wounded at the battle of second Bull Run and now draws a pen- sion. During the last eighteen months of service he was a Cor- poral. He was married Sept. 6,1865, to Mary C. Buckingham, daughter of Curtis Buckingham, of this township. They have three children — Ellenora, William C. and Charles W. Mr. Thomp- son owns eighty-four aeres of land and is engaged in general farm- ing. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and he is an Odd Fellow in good standing. Samuel Thompson was born in Coshocton County, Ohio, Sept. 18, 1818. His father, James Thompson, was a native of Mary- land and an early settler of Coshocton County. His early life was spent on the farm and in attending school. He came to Hock- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1065 ing County in 1841, where he has since resided. Mr. Thompson was married in 1842 to Elizabeth Avery. She was born in Bel- mont County, Ohio, in 1822, and came with her parents to this county in 1841. Her father, Philip Avery, came from Virginia to Belmont County in] an early day. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson are the parents of nine children, six of whom are living — George S., Hannah J., Samuel O., Charles, Clara and Wesley. One son, James C, was shot accidentally while out hunting with Harvey Mitchell, June 19, 1857, at the age of thirteen years. Mr. Thomp- son has been a stone and brick mason for the past twenty -six years. The first chimney he built was for Ed Skinner in the fall of 1S56, and the second was for John Mason the same fall. He was Justice of the Peace for Starr Township twelve years. Mr. Thompson in 1841 introduced the first blue-stem wheat in Hock- ing County, importing it from Coshocton County. Lewis White, section 2, Starr Township, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Aug. 29, 1834, a son of Delworth White, a native of Pennsylvania, who came to Morgan County in boyhood and re- moved his family to Starr Township in 1848. His wife was Miss Aley Nickols. They had nine children, but three now are living — our subject, Henry and Rachel. The deceased were: Delila (Young), Dil worth (who died in the late war), Elizabeth and three that died in infancy. The father died Dae. 2, 1873. Mr. White was married Sept. 3, 1857, to Elizabeth, daughter of Joshua Hurd, who came to Hocking County in 1847 and settled in Starr Town- ship, where he died April 26, 1879. He was born in 1803 in Monroe County, Ohio. Mr. Hurd was the father of twelve chil- dren — Jacob (died in the late war), Mary, Nancy, Maria, Nathan (deceased), Elizibeth, Losetta, William, Amanda, Almira, and John, who died in infancy. Xathan was also a soldier in the late war. Mr. and Mrs. White have had eight children, seven of whom are living — Jesse, Henry, Sarah, James William, John, Minnie B. and Lewis. Charity is deceased. Mr. White owns 150 acres of land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. Mr. and Mrs. White are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. White belongs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity. Richasoii Williams, section 20, Starr Township, was born in Bradford County, Penn., Feb. 23, 1818, a son of Chester Williams, a native of Vermont and of English descent. Our subject came to Hocking County in 1841. He was married in June, 1842, to Charity E., daughter of Benjamin Eggleston. They had six chil- 1066 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. dren — Marcus D. L.\ Obadiah P., W. Scott (deceased), David Wes- ley/Brace D. and Mary M. Obadiah's son, Abraham L., and Scott's son, Thomas W., are living with their Uncle Richason. Abraham is a promising young man. In 1859 Mr. Williams was elected Constable, which office lie has since held with the exception of one year. Soon after he came to this county the bank failed and left him but $2 to start on. Joseph D. Wolf, deceased, was born on "Wolf's Plains, Athens Co , Ohio, Jan. 7, 1822, a son of Christopher C. and Rhoda (Dorr) Wolf, among the earlier settlers of Athens. Christopher C. was a live business man — owned and ran a grist and saw mill and dealt largely in stock. lie and wife had seven sons and three daughters. Joseph D., the subject of this sketch, was the sixth son. He was reared on his father's farm on Wolf's Plains until seventeen, when he came with his parents to what is now Hocking County, and settled on the farm where his wife still resides, in Starr Township. He was married to Mary V. Price in Logan, May 22, 1S44. She was born in Dover Township, Athens County, a daughter of Jonas and Tamar (Culver) Rice. Her father was one of the early settlers of Athens County. He was a Colonel in the war of IS 12. When a young man lie went among the Chickasaw Indians and lived with them some years. He and his brother Ambrose were afterward sent by the Government to survey lands in Ohio. Jonas Culver built one of the first mills in Athens County, and also assisted in building the Ohio University at Athens. He died with yellow fever at Memphis, Tenn., in June, 1839, while returning from New Orleans, where he had taken a boat-load of provisions, he being Captain of the boat. He and wife had live daughters; four daughters lived to be grown. Mrs. Joseph Wolf (now Mrs. Jona- than Stirling) was the eldest. Mr. and Mrs. AVolf have eight children, seven now living — Sarah M., wife of George Fry; Louis II.. farmer of Green Township ; Mary M., wife of William N, England; Helena T., wife of Samuel England (deceased); Andrew J., residing in Washington Territory; Fannie L. and Ettie II.. re- siding with their mother. Mr. Wolf died Aug. 10, 1858. Mrs. Wolf married Mr. Jonathan Stirling March 20, 1S65. He was born in Hocking County and is one of the leading farmers and coal men of Hocking Valley. Lafayetti W. Wolf, Bon of Mathew D. Wolf, of Starr Township, was born in this township May 23, 1853. lie was reared on his father's farm and attended the common district school. He en- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. L067 gaged a short time in mining but has given the most of his at- tention to farming. He was married Sept. 3, 1874, to Harriet L. i'aflenbarger, daughter of George Paffenbarger. She was born in Vinton County, Ohio, and died April 20, 1875. March 7, 1878, Mr. Wolf married Florence, daughter of Elias Boudinot, of Ward Township. She was b>rn in Djver Township, Athens County, and was a prominent school-teacher. They had one child born to them —Willis I). Mrs. Wolf died June 25, 1882. Mr. Wolf is now en- gaged in selling fruit trees with B. A. EEosom, well known in the Hocking Valley. Mat hew D. Wolf, section 4, Starr Township, was born in Ath- ens County, Ohio, Dec. 17, 1812, a son of Christopher Wolf, who came to Ohio from Westmoreland County, Pa., in 1707, and located in Marietta, removing the next year to Amos Township, Athens County, where he helped Judge Ephraim Cutler clear his first land. He was married in 1803 to Rhoda, daughter of Mathew Dorr, who came from New York to Athens County in 1 T'.' s . Tney reared nine of their ten children to manhood and womanhood. Mr. Wolf died in September, 1846. Mathew D. bought the farm now owned by Peter Hayden, in 1837, and in 1850 bought the one where he now lives, which at that time had not an acre cleared. He now owns 324 1-2 acres of valuable land. He was married Jan. 1, 1839, to Chloe G. Brown, daughter of Perley Brown. Of the fifteen chil- dren born to them, thirteen are living — Edmond D., Rhoda, Lydia M., Perley B., Joseph W., John L., Lafayette W., Corrinda A., Christopher C, Phedora F., Andrew F., Charles P. and FinleyH. A daughter, Loraine L., the twin sister of John L., died in Nel- sonville, Ohio, May 31, 1878. She was the wife of W. G. Hick- man. William Wolf, Jr., section 10, Starr Township, was born in this township, Nov. 3, 1S38, a son of William Wolf, of Athens County. Onr subject was reared on a farm, and attended the common schools. Jle married Mary Jane Parker, Dec. 5, 1805. At that time he had $13 in money and two horses, and worked for 50 cents a day and his dinner. During the construction of the Hocking Valley Railroad he was employed as foreman on the grading of one of the divisions, and received $2.00 a day. afterward advanced to 82.50 and board, then to $35 a month and expenses. During the panic his salary was reduced to $55 a month, and afterward advanced to $60, then to $70. He was one of the contractors who built the grade for the Lick Run branch of the Hocking Valley Railroad, in 1068 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1S69. He then engaged in lumbering for one season in Vinton County, for Gould, and afterward for W. W. Brooks, a short time, when he was hurt by a falling tree. He then built the grade for Peter Hayden's narrow-gauge railroad which extends from his hop- pers to his mines in Green Township, and then was foreman for Mr. Hayden over ten years, when, on account of failing health, he resigned his situation. Daring the spring and summer of 1883 he erected a neat two-story frame dwelling on his farm, at a cost of $1,000. It is 34x28 feet, with a drop-roof kitchen. Mr. Wolf now owns 199 acres of land, with good farm buildings. He is the father of six children — Dora B. (deceased), Albert P., Fannie P., James C, Robert Y. and Lillie M. Mr. Wolf has been a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal church twenty-four years, a mem- ber in good standing of the Odd Fellows fraternity over twenty years, and a member of the Masonic fraternity three years. Mrs. Wolf is also a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Ichabod Woodard, Sr., deceased, was born in Essex County, N. J., Oct. 12, 1782, and was a son of William Woodard, a Revolu- tionary soldier, who lost his life in that great struggle for liberty. At the age of twenty years our subject went to New York State, and ran rafts of logs to Philadelphia. He afterward owned a mill on the Delaware River, which was destroyed by a freshet. Then, in 1812, he placed his wife and children and effects in a one-horse wagon and came to Zanesville, Ohio, where he stopped to rest a day or two, turning his horse into a pasture field. There was one tree (or stub) in the field, and when the horse was grazing near by it fell on him, killing him instantly. Mr. Woodard was completely broken down by this misfortune, for he was left with a family, a wagon, and only $6 in money. He traded his wagon for a horse, and managed to get his family to Fairfield County in the fall of 1813. He there engaged in farming until 1S24, when he removed to McArthur, in what is now Yinton County, Ohio. In February, 1825, he removed to the old Woodard homestead, in Starr Town- ship, on section 15. The house he had built there in the fall of 1824 is still standing, and is occupied by his grandson, Webster Woodard. He was married Dec. 16, 1801, to Sarah Bennett. She was born on Long Island in 1785, on a place given to her mother, Mary Beers, by Mrs. Woodard's Grandfather Beers. It is situ- ated where a part of Brooklyn now stands. The deed was lost and other parties unjustly own the land. Mr. and Mrs. Woodard were the parents of twelve children, eight now living — Martha, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1069 Nancy, David and William (twins), Nathan B., James G.,Ephraim and Isaac. Mr. Woodard was for many years a Methodist, and was the father of the class at Woodard's (now called Morris) Chapel. His house was for many years the home of the itinerant minister. June 2, 1868, he read a few chapters as usual in the Bible, laid in a chair near the bed, and expired in a few minutes. Ichabod Woodard, deceased, late of Starr Township, was born in Delhi County, N. Y., Aug. 18, 1812, and was a son of Ichabod Woodard, Sr. Our subject was brought to Zanesville, Ohio, by his parents in 1S12, and to Fairfield County in 1813, where they remained until 1821, then removed to Mc Arthur, Ohio. He and his brothers William and David came to Starr Township in Decem- ber, 1824, to build, a cabin and prepare for the family by the fol- lowing spring. Mr. Woodard was always characterized by his industry and integrity. When a mere boy of sixteen summers he did the work of a man on the public works near Lancaster, Ohio. He sometimes worked all day and half of the night. The money he earned by working at night he kept, but the rest he gave to his father. He became a member of the Methodist Episcopal church in 1831. He was married April 21, 1836, to Eleanor Nel- son, daughter of Hon. Daniel Nelson, the founder of Nelsonville. Mr. and Mrs. Woodard had eleven children born to them — Sarah (Mrs. Parker), Mary (Mrs. Moore), Ward, James, H. Clay (de- ceased), Clinton, Ella (deceased), Ida (deceased), H. Leroy and two that died in infancy. Clay was married to Huldah Tomlinson and left one child — James Y. Our subject died March 16, 1868. He was a kind husband and affectionate father, an obliging and agreeable neighbor. His life was marked by acts of charity and benevolence. His purse was ever open to assist the poor and in building up churches, schools and benevolent and charitable insti- tutions. Mr. Woodard and family removed to their farm on sec- tion 16, Starr Township, in 1837, where Mrs. Woodard and the youngest son, Leroy, still reside. The latter was born March 1, 1854 Nathan B. Woodard was born near Lancaster, Ohio. Jan. 1, 1815, and is a son of Ichabod Woodard, Sr., deceased. He was brought up on a farm and received his education in a subscription school. He was married April 21, 1836, to Sarah M. Nelson daughter of Daniel Nelson, the founder of Nelsonville, Ohio' They have had eight children — Silas, in San Francisco, Cal. ; Daniel who was killed at the battle of Chickamauga during the late war; 1070 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Lizzie, Supervisor of the female department at the new insane asylum at Athens, Ohio; Lydia A., now Mrs. Milton Parker, of Nelsonville; Lucy, Mrs. Thompson, now deceased; Amos F., of Union County, Iowa; Nathan Webster, of Starr Township; and Ephraim R., at home. For the past eighteen years Mr. Woodard has been a licensed local preacher in the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he has been a member fifty-two years. He has filled appointments nearly all over the New Plymouth circuit, and has been successful in winning souls to Christ. He has always given of L his means largely to support the 'gospel, and for other philanthropic and charitable institutions. He was a Class-leader in the church for seven years, and an exhorter seven years. He was Justice of the Peace for Starr Township six years, and had, during his term of office, nearly all of the business of that office in the township. He was also Clerk of the township for some time, but resigned. L ■ ■ ; <<'? CHAPTER A'XXJX. washington and benton townships a combination 01 hills and valleys, ' e knd r4 vine Washington -Its Name, Topoobaphically Speaking Soil PBODuonoa Old Settlebs Populatiom Schools 'K ship Officials — Postoffices Chubches Llesbobo, Eh Po roFFiCE New Mi. Pleasant, Poini I'm./. .1 Cembtek )i. BlOOBAPHICAL. Bentom Mete and Bounds Abea -The Wondebs 01 Queer Cbees Agbicultubal Rksoubces Mdjtebal Wealth Lnd Tbaditions Silveb ahd Lead Mines Descbiption 01 the Weibd V r a j.i. by —458 A.cbe« E The Road to JJ ■ ;. Cedab and Black Jack Falls Ash Cave— Bloomihg villi J i r / . j . J :. : ERE 1 ! TOWNSHIP OfFICEBS POPULATION — BlO OBAPHICAL. WASHINGTON [locking also commemorates the name ol I te immorta : of our country in the shape of a full sized congrea tonal township, perfectly formed: that is, perfectly square, six miles each way, and on t,hf; high road to a healthy future. The hills and 1 township are not. too high nor too deep tor cultivation, but just enoug - »to give goo J drainage. But littlecan be said of it-. 2 era) productive^ mineral wealth, if it ha-, any, has been discovered; il -oil i-. neither remark >od nor remarka \Ay pooi'. and cities it has none. It belongs to the southern tier of townships in the county, bounded on the north by Falls, on the east byStarrTowi ship, on the south by Vinton County, and on tl by Benton and Laun ships. The drainage of this township find Ohio River from the southern portion through Race I northern, through Scott'c Fork into the Hocking, and from I te tern, through QueerCreek into th River. began to be made in this township about ] -.12. arid the fo ten years many fa icttled here, among a d lmbei 1 1 man families in the northern portion of the township. (1071) I "72 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. SETTLERS, SOIL AND PRODUCTION. Among the early settlers are found the following names: Adam Engle, Frederic Iligley, Henry lies, Wm. Lashley, Jonathan Kimbal, Samuel Johnson, George Garrett, Wells Garrett, Rev. Mr. Poland, Wm. Buzzard and 'Squire Watts, the two latter being especially adepts in hunting bears, deer and other wild game. The most fertile and tillable portion of the township, as well as the best timber, was to be found in the valley of Scott's Fork, which penetrates it from the north nearly to its center, and conse- quently the earliest settlers were drawn to this portion. Although the valleys were the most fertile, the uplands were not barren nor very steep, and they were also taken possession of by some among the first within the township. The soil is of a sandy nature. fairly adapted to the production of grass, wheat and corn, which, to the present time, are the principal cereals raised. All the other grains common to this portion of the State are raised, as are also vegetables. The raising of live stock is one of the leading pursuits of the township, and has added greatly to its wealth. Cattle of improved breeds and wool from tine sheep are especially noticeable among the products. Corn is grown less extensively than wheat. aud consequently not a great number of hogs are raised. The orchard products of the township are good. The land is well cleared up, but where the wood remains some very good timber may still be found. The mineral productions, as before stated, are not extensive, although considerable iron ore has been taken from the hills in the southern part of the township and hauled in wagons to the Logan and Union furnaces. This ore is found near the top of the hills. A thin layer of coal lying several yards below the iron has been worked in several parts of the township, by stripping, and coal thus secured for local purposes. BACKWARD MOVEMENT. As far back as records shov, in 1S40, the population of this township was 1,124-. and for the next ten years the increase was very rapid, the population in L850 numbering 1,640. From that time to the present the township has had the remarkable experi- ence of going backward with a slow but steady step. The figures following the above are. for 1860, 1,629; for L870, 1,684; forl8£ 1,268. This singular result is not due to a decrease in the attract- iveness of this township so much as to the great development of minerals in the surrounding localities, and the increased activities which have drawn inhabitants to them. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. I 073 - H0OL8 AND TOWN8HIP 0FFICIAL8. The schools of this township are ten in number, all supplied with good houses in good repair, and many of them new. The township tax for the school fund in 1882 was $2,000.87. The as- sessed valuation of this township in 1882 was: Real-estate, $2-_ ; . 655; personal property, $94,867. The first township records to be found arc for the year 1857, when the officers were: Trustees, M. B. Cherry, R L. Allard and Jacob Nelson; Clerk, J. Ji. M. Eouston; Treasurer, John Cona- way. The present officers (1883) are: Trustees, J. M. Lane, George Marks and J. EL Price; Clerk, John A. Ferguson; Treasurer, II. II. West. POSTOFFICES. In 1850 the very important event of establishing the overland mail route from Logan to McArthur was completed, and in that year the mail began to be carried regularly over the line which ex- tended through the full length of this township. It passed through the little hamlets of Ilesborough arid New Mt. Pleasant, and the point where Ewing now stands. The establishment of the post- office at this latter place, which was then (1850) designated only by a tannery, has doubtless been the chief cause of its exist- ence. CHURCHES. In devotional matters this township has not been neglected. Be- sides the church on the southern line of the township in Xew Mt. Pleasant, and the two just over the northern line, to which many of the inhabitants of Washington belong, the township contains within its bounds three strong and active church societies. They are the Fairview church, the Methodist Episcopal church at Iles- borough, and the German Lutheran at Ewing. A dni >n church also existed for a number of years situated on section 11, which was torn away in 1877; and a United Brethren society existed at Ilesborough for a number of years between 1850 and 1860. A church stood also on section 5, which was burned down before the late war and never rebuilt. ILESBOKOUOir is a hamlet of about fifty inhabitants, situated on a high piece of ground almost exactly in the center of the township. It was laid out into town lots by Henry lies, who owned the land in 1835. 68 msiVKY OF HOCKING v.wi.ky. &mong the first to buy lets and settle here were: John Ramsey, William Vanhorn and James K. Johnson. It has averaged about fifty inhabitants for many years, and has never had mere than one {{ has now one small store, a blacksmith shop and a oal inet shop The district - bonSQ is i:i the village and a large frame church The postoffice is kept by Jerre Harden. list Mpii I CI at [lesborough was founded about DH2 C« > young traveling preachers, John R, Prase an 1 Wes'.ev Tibbsts, had frequently \ [sited this locality and preached B in the houses of BOme of the members. AUer ttie lie society, they came alternately each every four weeks. ^i\ ing them regular pre tching ever/ two weeks. Seme of members were: Eli Baiuteraud wife.LewisTatman and wife, 3 a s .. tfathias Worthman and wire. Frank Allen :i .nd \v mas Underwood and wife, George Vanhorn and wife, \Y ..•". V I mora and wife, /John Crawford and wife John MePaniel and wife and George Ph - ind wife, Dhe first house of wor- erectedby this society, and perhaps the 5 the township was built in 1845. A new church was built on another lot in I860, h was afterward sold to the to vnship for .1 s '. 1 ■' h »use, and the present fine frame church was built in L877. Phis church throughout its career has - serous, and n now i n p.. s . tj members Che present Pastor is Rev, W. C Holliday. A.goodSa b 3chooliskep1 mrch pear, su] •' present by M. T. Ferguson. bwing e from th( n bord< iship. It is on the old mail route, and has sprung up' 9 shed. Fa g is ] santlj situated on the brow of t hill, - aes from the S >tt's Fork. A: the was seta - . - N " . ttOha tan's si W 1 Chapman, Postmae is - the s Since ne 1 town has ' out. and from fifty to sixty pe asided f the time, A s- 9 1 i ige's exist .: the pre- ins* 9 -nop. h C;- s lilies, 3 establifl -ed as 3 184S W by i fen German f. 9 ng .this - ; rnship. For an .eld meet _- in » HISTORY 01 HOOKING PALLET. 1075 chool-bouse in the louthern part of Falls Township. J n about l-i., the present church at Ewing was erected. The tor at that time was F. W. Richman. Some of the earliest memhers of tin: church were: A'kin. John and Jacob Ke ler, Peter Miller, Lawrence Beusenhaver, John Hengsl iurn Finkey, Lewis Snyder, and Christopher Mark L850 and L860 the society split. A part of the members joining together built a new church a little over half a mile north of the old one, in FallsTown hip. The old society maintained its standing, and has had regular preaching all the time. It has now about twenty -five mem bei . The present Pastor is Lewis I Mitler. BTEW mi. i-J.j.A'-A:. ; is situated on the southern lino of the township, the postoffice, church and several other buildings being across the line in Viu County. Iri 1832 a road was cut through the woods by t settlers, from Uriah Linton's place near the center of the township, to the McArthur road, and at this junction the town of New Mt. Pleasant has .since sprung up. A tarn built here soon after the completion of tin'-, road and a store was tarted a month o latei-. [t now has three stores, two of which are in this com Jr. has a blacksmith shop, cooper shop and waj op, and a •ol bouse in this county, the Methodist Ep church being aero.-,-, the line. The postoffice, also being in 8« Township, Vinton County, i-> called Swan postoffice. poim pi designed for a village, but never fairly attained that ion 19, near the eastern border of the township. I* ' into town lot-., and at one time had a blacksmith and a postoffice, hut now ha-, neither. Jt was never inhabited more than one or two families at a time. Fairvlew Church, tie only United Brethren >ciety now in tl township, is situated on section 32, near the southern border of the township. \'<--ry -'-on after the advent of the Method] ' E copal missionaries into this wilderness active men of this den nation made their appearance, earnestly preaching the gospel of Christ and securing convert- to their own doctrine. The fit ings were those of a few pioneer-;, already followers of this faith, at the house of Aaron IJane- worth. Sr. This was a very ad 1076 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and devoted society, having such able preachers as Bishop Edwards^ then a young man, and a Mr. Bright, also an enthusiastic worker. These were also traveling preachers, but they visited this society only irregularly. The meetings began as early as 1840, but a per- manent organization was not effected until about 1845. Among the members at this time were Aaron Hanesworth, Sr., and wife, George Mauk and wife, Barney Eidson and wife, and James Reed and wife. They built their first church, a log building, 28 x 36 feet in size, and situated on the site of the present one, in 1850. The present church, a frame building, was built in 1867, the dedicatory sermon being preached on the 12th of the following April. The present Pastor is J. M. Canter, the membership numbering about ninety. The house was repaired and ten feet added to it in 1881,. making now 30x46 feet in dimensions. It has regular Sabbath- school the year around, superintended at present by J. R. "West. CEMETERIES. There are cemeteries at each of the churches described in this township besides one on section 5, at the site of church which was burned there, one on the site of the old Union Church on section 11, and a few private cemeteries on farms. BIOGRAPHICAL. James Blackstone,bom Jan. 27, 1822, in Guernsey County, Ohio,, son of James and Nancy (Dennis) Blackstone, both natives of Chester County, Penn. The parents of both Mr. and Mrs. Black- stone settled in Guernsey County on adjoining farms where they grew up and married, making that county their home until the time of their death. Mr. Blackstone died when James was about two years of age. Mrs. Blackstone afterward married her brother-in-law, Thos. Blackstone. Both are now dead, Mrs. Blackstone dying in 1S76. The children of her first marriage were — James and "William. By the second there were seven chil- dren — Harriette (deceased), Elizabeth, Thomas, Christiana J. (de- ceased), Yinston (deceased), Eben and Isaac. James Blackstone, the eldest, grew to manhood in Guernsey County. Although the educational facilities were very limited, he received a fair edu- cation. During the greater part of the time he helped his father on the farm. He was married July 4, ]842, to Maria E. Sheley, who was born in Guernsey County, April 15, 1821. Previous to HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1077 this he began working at the cabinet trade which he continued af- ter he was married. Then he turned his attention to carpentering, which occupation he followed in the vicinity of Claysville for nineteen years in succession. In 1861 he came to Hocking County where he had eighty acres, a part of the farm on which he now lives. He moved into an old log cabin not three rods from where his residence now stands. In connection with his work on farm he also kept at his trade during the summer months, hav- ing erected a number buildings in this and Vinton counties. At two different times he made additions to his farm, having at pres- ent 226 acres under good cultivation. The land has large veins of iron ore, also some coal running through it. Mr. Blackstone has been connected with the United Brethren church since 1862. He was reared a Methodist, and has been a member of the church since he' was sixteen years of age. He has been School Director ot Washington Township for the last three years. They have had seven children, five of whom are now living, two sons and three daughters — Nancy Jane, Charlotte C. (deceased), Mary Maria, "William Brown, Joseph H., Martha Ellen, and one dying in in- fancy. Mr. Blackstone has always been a hard-working man, and although he has shared all the hardships common to the times in which he lived he is now, at the age of sixty-one years, enjoying remarkably good health. He is still full of that force and energy which have all along marked his life. He has been a devout man, being a constant reader of the scriptures. Taking Christ for his example, he has tried to live in accordance with His teachings. For the last fifteen years he has been Class-leader in his church, and lias lived to see all of his family brought within its protecting folds. As a citizen, he has many friends, and is honored and re- spected by them all. In 1861 he enlisted in the Ohio National Guards, and, on the first of May, 1863, was mustered into the regular army at Columbus for 100 days. He served out his time and returned home. In the fall of 1864 he was drafted into the army and served till the close of the war. He was mustered out of the service at Richmond, Va., June, 1865, and returned home in July, 1S65. He was in Company G, Sixty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry. John Griffin was born in Westmoreland County, Pa., Aug. 2, 1816, a son of John Griffin, a native of the same county, born July 26, 1768. His grandfather, Patrick Griffin, was a native of Ireland, born in 1746, and came to America when a young man 1078 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. He died in 1834. His wife, Margaret (Allgire) Griffin, died in 1840, aged eighty-six years. John Griffin, Sr., was married when twenty - six vears of age to Susan Herring, a daughter of John and Christia Ann Herring. She was born in Westmoreland County, Pa., Dec. 8, 1798. They had a family of eleven children, all but one living till maturity. Three sons and two daughters are still living. Mr. Griffin died Nov. 11, 1854, and Mrs. Griffin, Aug. 24, 1868. John Griffin, Jr., lived on a farm till he was eighteen years old, and then went to learn the blacksmith's trade, working two and a half years for George Albert, of Youngstown, Pa. He was then variously employed till his marriage. In 1S39 he came to Ohio and bought eighty acres of land in Salt Lick Township, Perry County, but did not settle in Ohio till 1848. May 27, 1S49, he married Catharine Sowers, daughter of John and Catharine Sowers. She is a native of Frederick County, Md., born March 14, 1819. The summer after his marriage Mr. Griffin worked on a farm and the next winter at his trade. In the spring of 1850 he settled on his farm, moving into a little log cabin, where he lived five years. April 3, 1855, he came to Hocking County, and bought the farm of 165 acres where he now lives. In August, 1878, he had his barn and all its contents destroyed by fire; value, $1,200, insured for $700. Mr. and Mrs. Griffin have had five children — John Alexander, born Oct. 21, 1854; James Augustus, April 17, 1856; Susan Agnes and Mary Ann (twins), Nov. 7, 1857; Peter Franklin, Oct. 30, 1860. Mrs. Griffin's mother died when she was four years old and she with a younger sister was reared by her grandfather, Michael Lutz. John Hansel. — The grandfather of the subject of our sketch, Henry Hansel, was a native of Pennsylvania, and moved from there to Fairfield County, Ohio, at an early date. In]lS18 he moved his family to Hocking County, and settled on Scotch Creek, in Falls Township. He reared a family of seven children, all now deceased. George Hansel, the eldest son, was born in Fairfield County in 1806. He was married in 1829 to Anna Mary Punsey, whose parents were from Pennsylvania, early settlers of Fairfield and Hocking counties. She was born Feb. 5, 1S05. After his mar- riage he entered 160 acres of land three miles east of Logan where he resided till his death. At the time of his death he had between 400 and 500 acres of land, and had also given each of his children $1,000. He also had some town property in Logan. He was a prominent member of the Lutheran church. He died in August, HIST0PY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1079 1870. His widow is now living on the old homestead, aged seventy- eight years. She is the mother of ten children, three sons and four daughters now living. John Hansel was born Aug. 27, 1831. He was married Dee. 23, 1853, to Emily Harden, a native of this township, born March 29, 1834, and a daughter of Even Harden. After his marriage he bought 181 acres of wild land, only a small portion being cleared. On this place he lived seventeen years, and in 1870 purchased his present residence of 167 acres, having now 348 acres. Feb. 1, 1879, his house was destroyed by fire. He immediately erected his present house, which is a large two-story frame. Politically Mr. Hansel is a Democrat. Mr. and Mrs- Hansel have had ten children, only six now living — Ephraim, mar- ried Mary Armstrong; William, married Wilmina Corter; Mary Ann, wife of C. F. Brandt; Almeda Jane, Sarah Cora and Benja- min Ruggles. George Riley died at the age of seventeen years; Evan, aged fourteen; Eliza Jane, aged one, and one died in infancy. They have one adopted child — Jacob Hansel, the son of a brother of Mr. Hansel. Ephraim Harden, son of Even and Eliza Harden, was born in Perry County, Ohio, April 29, 1831. In September of the same year he came with his father to Hocking County, where he was reared.. He was married March 30, 1854, to Susan Stiveson, born in Hock- ing County, May 18, 1835, and daughter of John and Elizabeth Stiveson. They have four children — Joel, born July 8, 1855, mar- ried to Rachel Campbell; Eliza Jane, born Oct. 29, 1856, wife of Aaron Zeller; Lucinda, June 24, 1858, and Elmer, Sept. 8, 1S65- In June, 1856, he purchased eighty acres of land but did not re- side on it till 1862. In April, 1878, he purchased eighty acres, now having in one tract of land 160 acres, where he resides. Politically Mr. Harden is a Democrat, having always voted that ticket. Even Harden, son of Ignatius and Rachel (Griffith) Harden, was born near Pleasantville, Fairfield Co., Ohio, March 12, 1S<>5. He was reared in Perry County, and remained with his father till his death. In 1831 he moved to Washington Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, where he lived nine years. He bought his farm near Ewing in October, 1840, where he still resides. He was married Sept. 20, 1827, to his cousin, Eliza Harden, born in Bed- * ford County, Penn., May 10, 1810, and died Jan. 5, 1880. They have had six children, three of whom are living — William E., mar- ried to Lucetta Harsh; Ephraim, married to Susanna Stiveston,and 10S0 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Emily, wife of John Hansel. Politically Mr. Harden is a Demo- crat, he having cast his first Presidential vote for General Jackson. Ignatius Harden was born in 1710, and was an old Revolutionary soldier. In the fall of 1800 he moved to Fairfield County, and in 1805 he located in Perry County, where he remained until his death, which occurred in 1827, he having; lived to be 117 years of age. His wife died in the fall of 1856. They reared a family of twelve children, seven sons and five daughters. Enos Knipe, born in Montgomery, Perm., April 20, 1S20, sonot John L. and Margaret Knipe. In 1842 he came with the family to Muskingum County, Ohio, where his father died two years later. He was married in Muskingum County, in December, 1846, to Eliza, a native of Loudoun County, Va., and daughter of Samuel Amick. They have two children — John "W., born Sept. 22, 1S47 ( and Maria Jane. John W. was married to Angeline Linton in 1870, and has two children— Charlie G. and Albert C. April 1, 1849, Mr. Knipe moved to Hocking County and has now 236 acres of land. He has been connected with the Lutheran church for the past twenty years, his wife having joined when she was sixteen vears old. In politics Mr. Knipe is a Democrat. Elijah Lee was'born Dec. 10, 1829, in Hocking (now Swan Station, Vinton) County. His grandfather, James Lee, was a native of Ireland and when a young man came to America and lived seven years in Pennsylvania. He then put all his earnings into flaxseed and started back to Ireland. On the way over there was a storm and the seed with all other cargo was thrown overboard, in order to save the ship and passenger.-. Mr. Lee soon after returned to Pennsylvania and settled in Germautown. He married Elizabeth Krickburn, a German lady. They had four children, two sons and two daughters. George Lee, the youngest of their family, was born in 1798, and in 1816 came to Ohio with his father and brother James, locating in what is now Starr Township, Hocking County. He was married in 1820 to Martha O'-Neil, a native of Portage County, Ohio, born Oct. 8, 1800. They had a family of six chil- dren — Samuel.- Nancy, George W. (died March 0, 1874), Ross, [Eli. jah and Julia A. Mr. Lee died Sept. 14, 1831, and his wife, Aug. 12, 1866. Elijah Lee was married Nov. 8, 1860, to Eliza A. JBart- lett, a native of La Porte County, Ind., born Dec. 20, 1S38. After his marriage he located on seventy-eight acres of land near his present residence, which he bought in 1865, having now 268 acres, lying in Hocking and Vinton counties. Mr. and Mrs. Lee have HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 10S1 had six children, five now living — Vernon W., Martha J., Homer M., Elijah E. and Emmet S. Lida died Aug. 16, 1878, aged eight years, one month and twenty-six days. Mrs. Lee's father, Cephas Bartlett, was born in Massachusetts, June 11, 1791, and when twenty -one years of age came to Ohio and settled in Hocking County. He was by trade a stone mason and made the first burrs in the Falls Mill at Logan and in the mill at McArthur. He mar- ried in March, 1821, Louisa Evarts, a native of Castleton, Vt., born Sept. 22, 1795. Her father, Ambrose Evarts, and his family were one of the seven families who first settled in Athens County, and her brother, G. A. Evarts, was the first white male child born in Athens County in 1797. In 1837 Mr. Bartlett went to LaPorte County, Ind., but in June, 1839, returned to Hocking Count}*, and resided here till his death, Aug. 25, 1817. Mrs. Bartlett died Jan. 10, 1871. Silas Nixon, youngest of twelve children of Robert and Cather- ine (Sapp) .Nixon, was born March 3, 1827, near Straitsville, Perry Co., Ohio. The family moved from Virginia to Perry County, Ohio, where they settled about 1818. Our subject was married April 5, 1819, to Mary Cochran, a native of Perry County, where she was born Sept. 20, 1829. She is a daughter of Joseph Cochran. They have six children — Sarah Jane, wife of Philip Marx, residing near Lancaster, Fairfield County; Thomas, married to Lydia Clark, residing on Mr. Nixon's farm in Perry County; Emanuel and Amanda (twins), the former married to Mary Gordon; Clara and Alva. After marriage Mr. Nixon lived in different places till 1855, when he came to Hocking County where he settled in his precent residence. He has 165 acres of land in a high state of cul- tivation, and has been very successful in his business relation.-. In 1862 he joined the Baptist church, holding his membership at the Scotch Creek church in Falls Township. Politically he has al- ways associated himself with the Democratic party. Mr. Robert Nixon died in December, 1828, and his wife survived him twenty years. William Noble, born Dec. 22, 1810, in Washington County, Penn. His father, William Noble, was a native of Ireland, and emigrated to America with his wife, Elizabeth (O'Neil) Noble and an infant, where they lived east of the mountains for three or four years, and then settled in Pennsylvania, where Mrs. Noble died. In the fall of 1833 the family moved to Guernsey County, Ohio, where Mr. Noble lived till his death. They had a family of thir- 1082 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. teen children, ten of whom lived to maturity. William Noble, the subject of this sketch, was twenty-two years of age when he moved with his father to Guernsey County. He was married July 12, 1839, to Mary Ann Ogier, a native of Germany. They have three living children — William, married to Kate Sell; James, mar- ried to Jemima Lautz, and Celia Ann, wife of Joseph Cherry. Mrs. Noble had one daughter, Mary Josephine, by a previous marriage, who was reared by Mr. and Mrs. Noble till her marriage with Albert Hartsell. In April, 1S41, Mr. Noble moved to Hocking County, where he lived till 1S45, when for the following three years he resided in Perry County. In the spring of 1849 he returned to Hocking County and bought the place where he now lives, it being very little cleared at that time. He went in debt for the land, but in the course of ten years he had made the last payment, and at the present time has 150 acres of land, which is well supplied with iron ore and veins of coal. Mr. Noble was reared in the Presbyterian church. In early life he was a Democrat, but since the formation of the Republican party he has associated himself with it. Peter Pleukharp was born Oct. 15, 1824, in Hocking County, Ohio. His father, Peter Pleukharp, was a native of Germany, and when about twenty-five years of age came to the United States and settled in Fairfield County, Ohio, where he remained two years, and while there he was married to Margaret Goss, also a native of Germany. In 1822 he came to Falls Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, where he entered land, and remained in the township till his death, which occurred in Logan, Nov. 3, 1850. He had at the time ot his death 323 acres of land, and also some property in Logan. His wife died in Fairfield County. They were the parents of thirteen children, of whom ten are living. Peter Pleukharp was reared in Falls Township, and lived with his parents till he attained his majority. Oct. 18, 1849, he was married to Catherine Clark, a native of Falls Township. They have six children— Mary Emily and Sarah Ann (twins), the former married to George Keifer, of Ward Township, and the latter to Clinton Walker, of Licking County, Ohio; James, married to Emily Barnett, residing in Vin- ton County, Ohio; Maggie, wife of Frank Leamon, of Mc Arthur, Vinton County; Eli and Clara, residing at home. After his mar- riage he lived eighteen months a mile south of the Falls Mill, when he moved on his father's old homestead which he rented for three years. In 1S52 he purchased his present place in Washington Township, buying at first eighty acres; by subsequent purchases HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1083 he has at present 155 acres. In 187S he united with the Scotch Creek Baptist church, in Falls Township. Politically he has always been a Republican. George Clark, the father of Mrs. Pleuk- harp, was a native of Virginia, born Oct. 16, 1786, settled in Fair- Held County, Ohio, where he lived two years. He then went to Scotch Creek, Hocking Cuunty, where he entered forty acres of land, but at different times added to it, so that at his death he had 315 acres, a part of which was previously deeded to his children. Mr. Clark married for his second wife Mary Harris, also a native of Virginia, by whom he had seven children, three sons and four daughters, all of whom are living. He died on the place he settled, Nov. 16, 1878, after living on it over sixty years. His wife departed this life about eleven months previous. Peter Ranch was born in Yellow Creek, Pa., Aug. 12, 1836. His father, Peter Ranch, was a native of Germany, coming to this country when a young man. He was married to Mary Magdalene Bower in Pennsylvania, and remained in that State a few years. In 1838 they moved to Ohio, where they settled in Washington Township, Hocking County. After living here three } - ears he died, leaving a widow who still survives him. They were the parents of four children, three of whom lived to maturity. Their son, Frederick, was killed by a freight train June 9, 1881. Peter Rauch, our subject, left his home in December, 1853, and com- menced to learn the saddler's trade at Logan, at which he contin- ued there till December, 1859. He next went to Delaware County, Ind., and worked at his trade till March, 1862, when he returned to Hocking County and tried farming for a year. In 1863 he went to Logan, again working at his trade three years, when his health began to fail him. Accordingly in 1867 he purchased the old home farm, and sold it in 1875, when he bought his present farm. He has 120 acres of well-improved land. Dec. 31, 1863, he w T as mar- ried to Hannah Kimble, born Oct. 10, 1843, and daughter of George and Bethena ("Watts) Kimble. They are the parents of eleven children, whose names are — Mary Ellen, Laura, Clara, Cora May, Emma, Nettie Myrtle, Charles, Minnie Arvilla, lona and Miona (twins), and William. Politically Mr. Rauch favors the Democratic party. However, in local elections he always votes for the man he deems best fitted for the office, irrespective of party. Wesley F. Reddich was born Jan. 1, 1839, in Washington Town- ship, Hocking Co., Ohio, about a mile from his present residence. His father, Jacob Reddick, was born in Maryland in 1791, and 1084 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. when a young man moved to Perry County, where he worked at the blacksmith's trade a few years. He was married in Perry County to Martha Kelly, a native of Virginia. In 1829 he settled in Washington Township, Hocking County, where he worked at his trade for eight or ten years, spending the rest of the time at farming till death, which occurred May 19, 1869, aged seventy- five years. His wife died June 15, 1879, at the age of seventy-five years. They had thirteen children, all but one living to maturity, and eight are living at the present time, whose names are — Will- iam, George, Joseph, L. H., W. F., Elizabeth (wife of Cromwell Egleston), Mary (wife of Isaac Johnson), Martha, (wife of Isaac Mathias). Wesley F. Reddick was reared in Washington Town- ship, living with his father till his twenty-first year. In 1861 he en- listed in Company H, Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry, Captain Pilcher, and Colonel McLean commander of the regiment. He served three years and two months, having participated in the battles of Bull Run, Gettysburg, Gainesville, and an engagement at the Rappa- hannock. He was mustered out of service in the winter of 1861, and reached home Jan. 3, 1865. From 1865 to 1872 he lived in Pickaway and Hocking counties and in Illinois, and in August, 1872, he returned to Hocking County and purchased his present farm, containing 158 acres, situated near New Mount Pleasant. He was married in October, 1873, to Mary Elizabeth, .daughter ot George Sonders. She died May 3, 1875. Mr. Reddick was again married March 16, 1877, to Eleanor Jane Clark, who was born in Belmont, Jan. 13, 1811, and reared in Vinton County from the time she was two years old. They have two children — Charlie B., born Jan. 4, 1878, and Carrie Iretlia, born Dec. 23, 1882. Mr. Reddick is a member of the Methodist church and a Republican in politics. Samuel Riggs, son of Noah and Nancy (Shepler) Riggs, was born in Washington County, Pa., May 22, 182S. When an in- fant Ms parents removed to West Virginia, and lived near Wheel- ing till he was seventeen years of age. In 1845 the} 7 located in Guernsey County, Ohio, where they lived nine years, when they moved to Hocking County, where they resided till their death. Our subject was married on Dec. 25, 1856, to Sarah Ann, daugh- ter of Samuel Johnston, one of the first settlers of Hocking County. They have ten children — William J., married to Laura Wright, and residing on a part of the farm; Charles W., Elizabeth, Mary J., Orlando A., Louisa B., George W., Samuel G., Noah F. and Ethel M. After marriage Mr. Riggs moved to his farm in Wash- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1085 ingto.n Township, where he resided for twenty years. In 1876 he purchased his present residence adjoining his farm. In his busi- ness career he has been very successful, having begun life without anything, but by his industry and careful management he has .at present an excellent farm of 567 acres. He has been connected with the Methodist church for twenty-two years, being at present a member of Mount Pleasant church. Politically he is a Repub- lican, having always been a strong supporter of that party. Mr. Noah Riggs is a native of Washington County. He died in 1871. His wife, Nancy (Shepler) Riggs, a native of Westmoreland County, Pa., died in 1862. They reared a family of eight children, two sons and six daughters, our subject being the fourth child. Daniel Schaal, born in York County, Pa., Oct. 31, 1828. His parents were August C. and Mary Agnes Schaal, both natives of Germany. Berlin being his father's birth-place, and Wurtemburg his mother's. They came to America with their three children in the spring of 1827, landing at Baltimore. Being without means they went to Pennsylvania and worked for the farmers there till they secured enough to take them farther. In 1S31 they moved West and located in Muskingum County, Ohio. When they arrived in Zanesville Mr. Schaal had only 50 cents in cash and an old blind horse. They made Muskingum County their home for about six years, when they came to Hocking County, that portion which now forms a part of Yinton County. They died in October, 1869, Mrs. Schaal on the 10th, and Mr. Schaal one week later, the 1 7th. Mrs. Schaal was the mother of eleven children, eight of whom grew up — five sons and three daughters. One daughter has been dead about thirty-five years. Daniel Schaal, the fourth child, re- mained at home until he was nearly twenty-three years of age. IT is educational advantages were very limited, the country being new and schools a rarity. He was married June 5, 1851, to Anna Elizabeth Hengst, who was born in Prussia, June 30, 1S28, daugh- ter of John and Christina Hengst. The Hengst family came to this country in 1835 and settled in Lancaster, Fairfield Cj., Ohio. After his marriage Mr. Schaal bought a forty-acre tract in Yinton County, and began farming. He remained on this farm till the fall of 1866, when he removed to Hocking Count}'' and bought 320 acres in Washington Township, where he has ever since resided. This farm has been increased to 420 *acre3, and is now well im- proved. He was originally a Whig, and when that old party died he fell in line with the Democracy. He has been Township Trus- 1086 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. tee for six term? at different intervals, the last time holding the office for three consecutive terms, the last term expiring April 1, 1883. Mr. and Mrs. Schaal have had seven children, four of whom are now living — John W., married Harriet Funk; George, mar- ried Arminda Waller; Adam and Mary E. Schaal. Mr. Schaal has been connected with the Evangelical Lutheran church since 1819. His wife and children are also members of the same church. Israel Sonders was born in Perry County, Ohio, April 6, 1819, and is the son of Jacob and Mary Magdalene (Slater) Sonders, the former a native of Maryland and the latter of Virginia. When three years of age his parents moved to Morgan County where he was reared till nineteen years of age, and where his mother still resides on the old homestead, his father having died soon after the close of the war. He was married Feb. 10, 1842, to Susanna Weller, a native of Morgan County. They have had eight children, two of whom died in infancy. Those living are — Eli W., Alfred A., Jacob G., Lavina J., Sarah A. and Luther. After his marriage Mr. Sonders moved to Hocking County, and settled on the place he now resides when it was a dense wilderness. He has been a member of the Presbyterian church for ten or twelve years, previ- ously belonging to the Lutheran denomination. Politically he was originally a Whig but is now a Republican. Thos. iSioejiston, M. D., born in Gallia County, Ohio, March 10, 1825. His father was John H. Swepston, a native of Pittsylvania County, Va. There he married Winnie Bruce. In 1823, with a family of six children, he came to Ohio, locating in Springfield Towmship, Gallia. County. He moved in 1830 into Richland Township, Yin- ton County (then Jackson County\ and settled on a farm. Mrs. Swepston died in 1874 and her husband in 1876. They had fourteen children, seven sons and seven daughters, all of whom lived to be themselves parents. Dr. Swepston was reared in Richland Town- ship, Vinton County, living with his father till his twenty-first year. During this time he worked on the farm and attended the district school. He then hired out for one summer. The next winter he attended school. The following summer he was in school at McArthur and the next winter began teaching and con- tinued in that vocation five winter terms. He began in 1S52 the study of medicine with Dr. Joseph Wilcox, of Allensville, under whose tutelage he became. a physician. In 1856 he located at New Mount Pleasant, situated on the line between Hocking and Vinton counties, where he commenced the practice of medicine. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1087 He attended lectures at the Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery during the sessions of 1857-'8. He has continually prac- ticed here, and during a period of seven years was in partnership with Dr. John Holland, an old practitioner in this region. His practice has been large and very successful. He has been a Master Mason about seventeen years, and has held many offices in the lodge, and at present is Senior Deacon. He was married in 1849 to Love Samantha Darby, who was born in Richland Township, Vinton County. They have had six children, of whom four are now living — Salina M. (deceased), Pickney A., Kenzy P., Edna A., Mayo B., and one dying in infancy. William B. Wadsworth was born April 29, 182-4, in Maryland, near the Pennsylvania line, a son of John C. and Margaret (Cline- telter) Wadsworth, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the lat- ter of Maryland. The Wadsworth family is quite a numerous one in the East, and originally came from England. The Clinefelters were of Prussian-German descent. Peter Clinefelter, grandfather of William Wadsworth, in early times kept a tavern, and the Penn- sylvania and Maryland State line ran through his house. In 183S or 1839, John C. Wadsworth moved to Ohio and settled in Mor- gan County, where he lived eleven years, when" he moved to Vinton County and settled between Hamden and Allensville, near where the Cincinnati iron furnace now stands. He remained here about six years, and then moved to Iowa, where he died in 1879. His widow is still living in Decatur County. They reared a family of eleven children, of whom eight are now living. William B. is the eldest son now living. He lived with his father till after he was twenty-one years of age. He was married March 4, 1851, to Lydia C Skivington, who was born in Morgan County, Ohio, March 25, 1828, a daughter of John Skivington. After his marriage he worked for other parties two years, and in April, 1853, bought a piece of land in the woods of Hocking County, with only six or seven acres cleared. Hd built a log house and moved into it in October. He lived there a number of years, and then lived in Iles- boro a year. In 1863 he bought his present place, which contains 2S0 acres. Mr. Wadsworth has been a member of the Methodist church forty-three years. He has had a family of five children, only two of whom are living — Arthur A. and Robert C. Eva May, Cornelius Shepard and a twin brother of Cornelius are deceased. Hiram K. Wright was born Sept. 1, 1832, in Washington Town- ship, Hocking Co., Ohio, a son of Joseph Wright, a native of Green Township, born Sept. 17, 1806. His grandfather, Thomas 1088 HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Wright, was one of the earliest settlers along the Hocking River. The Wrights were of Irish descant, and the wife of Thomas was a German lady. Josaph Wright was married at the age of twenty- one years to Levina Cirver, a native of Washington County, Ohio. Shortly after his marriage lie built ahewed-log house, a portion of which is still standing. He died June 17, 1S60, and his wife Nov. 23, 1832. They had a family of thirteen children, rearing ten to maturity — Lucinda, wife of J. D. Sain, of Coles County, 111.; Albert C, of Benton Township; Presley O., of Cromwell, Iowa; Hiram K., subject of this sketch; Mary, wife of George Bond, ot Crawfordsville, Ind.; "Robert W. S., of Coles County, 111.; Ann Ma- ria; Barbara, wife of Samuel Johnson, of Coles County, 111.; Irwin C, a physician at Haydenville; Emily L., wife of Daniel Moore, of Coles Count} 7 , III. Hiram K. Wright was married Sept. 5. 185S, to Susan Trout, a native of Washington Township, and a daughter of Paul Trout. She was born Aug. 17, 1837. They have four children — Ciara A., Charles V., Stella L. and Bertha Bell. They have lost four — Mary L., aged three years; Eugenia F., aged eighteen months; Frank II., aged seventeen years, and Irvin D., aged twenty-one years. Mr. Wright attended the common schools ot Washington Township and the Ohio University at Athens. He then taught school at intervals for eighteen terms. After his mar- riage he moved on a farm that he had previously bDught, in Ben- ton Township, and resided there three years, when he purchased the farm where he now resides in Washington Township. Mr. Wright was for eighteen years a member ot the Methodist church, but in 1S76 joined the Presbyterian church, and was shortly after elected Treasurer and Deicjn. Politically he is a Democrat. He iias served two terms as Justice of the Peace, two terms as Town- ship Trustee, and School Director and Supervisor, and has been President of the Board of Education. He has been the executor of one estate and administrator of another. He was guardian of a brother and sister, having the care of them from the ages of ten and fourteen till they were of age. BENTON TOWNSHIP. THE WONDERS OF QUEER CREEK. Benton Township lies upon the southern border, being in the smith range of townships of the count} 7 . It is bounded on the north by Laurel Township, on the east by Washington Township and Vinton County, south by Vinton County, and west by Salt Creek HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1089 Township. The township has an area of 23,040 acres of land, broken in many places, and especially in the region of Queer Creek will be found deep ravines, the bold outlines of rocky bluffs, and the varied scenery of a country wonderful in its formation, sug- gesting to the mind — because of its weird-like appearance at twi- light—a home for spirits to dwell in. The wonders of Queer Creek have not all yet been developed. Benton's wealth lies not alto- gether in the richness of her soil, for down in the bowels of the earth lies untold wealth. Iron ore of superior quality, coal in im- mense veins, apparently inexhaustible, promises of silver and lead and other mineral wealth, all attest the fact that when Benton Township shall have been thoroughly prospected and her hidden resources brought to the light of day, she will rank in mate- rial prosperity with the leading townships in the county. SILVER MINES. Indian tradition has located rich silver mines within her border, and quite an excitement was raised by a supposed find of silver ore on the farm of Mr. Moody in April, 1874. Some of the best farming land is found in this region, drained by the waters of the Scioto, and the valleys of Benton Township are rich in soil and fertile in production. For sheep and stock generally it is unsur- passed. ITS STREAMS AND RAVINES. It is watered by Big Pine Run in the northwest, the branches of Queer Creek, Cedar Fork, which rise on the east, and Feed Rock Run in the southeast. These uniting form Queer Creek which, after some twelve miles of meandering, falls into Salt Creek on the border of Salt Creek Township. Grasses grow luxuriantly, and with its waters make it an admirable stock-raising country. Benton Township is given on the map as a congressional town- ship, six miles square, but the assessor claims no less than 23,493 acres upon his roll. This is 458 acres more than a congressional township, and he has probably measured both sides of the most prominent hills in the township. This setting the land upon edges and measuring both sides seems to add considerable to the acreage of the township. Benton is in township 11 of range 18. and is one of the original townships in the county, and can proba- bly boast of as energetic and enterprising people as any township in the county. 69 1090 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The following description of the remarkable valley of Queer Creek is taken nearly verbatim fro:n an old publication ot Dr. S. P. Hildreth. "the road to hell." "The valley of Queer Creek, in the southwestern part of Hock- ing County, is a wild, romantic ravine, in which the stream has cut a passage several miles in extent through the solid rock, form- ing mural cliffs more than 120 feet in height. They are also full of caverns and grottoes, clothed with dark evergreens of the hemlock and cedar. Near the outlet of this rocky and narrow valley there stood a few years since a large beech tree on which was engraved in legible characters, ' This is the road to hell, 1782.' These words were probably traced by some unfortunate prisoner then on his way to the old Indian town of Chillicothe. This whole region is full of interesting scenery, and affords some of the most wild and pict- uresque views in the State of Ohio. It was once the favorite haunt of the bear, as the grottoes and caverus furnished fine re- treats for their winter quarters. These caverns were also valuable for the vast beds of nitrous earth from which the old hunters, in time of peace, extracted large quantities of saltpeter for the manu- facture of gunpowder. One of these grottoes, well-known to the inhabitants of the vicinity by the name of ' Ash Cave,' remark- able for the great quantity of ashes it contains, is the most not- able feature of the vicinity and receives a separate notice elsewhere. "These ravines and grottoes have all been formed in the outcrop- ping edges of sandstone and conglomerate rocks, which underlie the coal fields of Ohio, by the wasting action of the weather and attrition of running water. The process is yet going on in several streams on the southwest side of Hocking County, where the water his a descent of thirty, forty or even fifty feet at a single pitch, and a fall of eighty or a 100 in a few rods. The falls of the Cuyahoga and the Hocking rivers are cut in the same geological formation. The water, in some of these branches, is of sufficient volume to turn the machinery of a saw-mill, and being lined and overhung with the graceful foliage of evergreen shrubs, furnishes some of the wildest and most beautiful scenery. This is especially so at the ' Cedar Falls' and the ■ Falls of Black Jack.' " There is a tradition among the credulous settlers of this retired spot that lead ore was found here and worked by the Indians; and many a weary day has been spent in its fruitless search among the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1091 cliffs which line all the streams of this region. Ashes and piles of cinders have often been found, and the ' pot holes ' in the bench of the sand rock in 'Ash Cave,' evidently worn by the water at a remote period, have been taken fur ancient contrivances for smelting the lead." The Wyandot Indians had possession ot this tract of country, and there is every evidence to show that the valley of Queer Creek was one of their rendezvous, and doubtless a place of retreat from their savage neighbors when hostilities existed between them, and as game was also plenty to secure their supplies, nature could scarcely have furnished a safer retreat. ASH CAVE. The most striking and beautiful of all the scenes in Hocking County is so named from the vast quantity of ashes which it con- tains. It has been estimated by different persons to contain sev- eral thousand bushels. The author of an old historical work on Ohio says, in speaking of this, that he " visited this grotto in 1837, and should say there was, at that time, not less than three or four hundred bushels of clear ashes, as dry and free from moisture as they were on the day they were burned." The source of this un- natural and singular deposit yet remains among the mysteries. Whether they are the refuse of old saltpeter-makers, or whether they were piled up there in the course of ages by some of the abo- rigines who made these caverns their dwelling places, are only prob- able conjectures. The cave is formed by a projecting cliff at the head of a little stream, whose deep valley separates the bold rock-ribbed hills tow- ering high above from the stately pines which grow at their base. At this point, which is the highest rock exposure in the county, the ledge is 120 feet high and projects over from the base a distance of about ninety feet, forming a semicircular cavern 600 feet in length, ninety feet deep and about ninety feet high. At one side of this semicircle, near the rock, lies the great heap of ashes which gives this beautiful place its name. From the center of the overhanging roof a little stream leaps down into a sparkling pool below, lending additional beauty and charm to the already sublime picture. For a distance of a quarter of a mile down the valley the rocky ledge on either side rises to a height of from eighty to 100 feet, forming a diversity of splendid natural scenery seldom surpassed. It is simply a huge, natural amphitheater where every step and every 1092 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. glance reveals new and striking wonders. Masses of rock are thrown together in magnificent confusion, many of them lichened and covered with mossy carpets of varied and gorgeous hues. From some points the eye takes in an entire view of the long rockj 7 ledge from base to summit; another view presents the furrowed features of the rocky faces partially hidden by vines that clamber up their sides and the scraggy branches of the pines that grow up from below. SOME PLAIN PKOSE. The first settler was Christian Eby, whose cabin was upon nearly the same spot where Bloomingville now stands, on Queer Creek. Geo. Starkey was another early settler, also Moses Dolson. The first election held was at Eby's. The first sermon was preached by the Rev. David Dutcher. The first church was a Methodist Episcopal church, near the pres- ent site of Bloomingville. Dr. Dutcher was its first Pastor, and the first mill was erected by Mr. Eby, on Queer Creek. This mill for quite a number .of years was patronized by a large extent of coun- try. The township has five churches — three Methodist, one Baptist and one United Brethren. The present Pastor of the Blooming- ville Methodist church is the Rev. Levi Sparks. It has a member- ship of 130, and is one of the largest and most flourishing churches of this denomination in the county. The Rev. Levi Sparks is also the pastor of Wesley Chapel, an organization which is in an excel- lent condition. It has now ninety members. BLOOMINGVILLE. This village was laid out by John Chilcote who owned the land upon which it was located. Samuel and Christian Eby were the pioneer merchants of the place, their store being on the ground now occupied by George Gill as a drug store. While not likely to attain a very large size Bloomingville will grow, as it is a very nec- essary convenience for the farmers in that section of the county. There are now two general stores, one managed by John Goddard and the other owned by John Quellin. George Gill owns the drugstore. There are two good country hotels, the Ohio House, by J. W. lies, and the American, by William Evarts. Drs. Green and Redfern are the physicians. Miss Redfern has the only milli- nery store. There is one flouring and saw mill owned by Henry HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1093 O. Haynes, and one blacksmith shop, by John A. Smith. The present Postmaster is George Gill. The first Postmaster was Herschel Sanford who kept the office at his house about one and one-half miles east of Bloomingville. It was called at that time the '• Rock House" postoffice. The first Postmaster at Bloomingville was Samuel Wilson, followed in the order named: Dr. Floyd, Samuel Wilson, J. J. Bilgen, Henry Burch, W. F. Englehart, Pe- ter Eby, J. F. Starkey, W. II. Everett, J. T. McCormack, J. C. Wolfe and, as above stated, George Gill, the present officer. Stamp sales reach about $120 per annum. The town has a population of 250. The schools in the township number nine, and the amount of township funds for 1833 is $1,582.18. The schools are flourish- ing and the school-houses neat and comfortable. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS, 1883. Trustees, Jonathan Shaw, Isaac Hill and Andrew Devon; Treas- urer, J. M. Buchanan; Clerk, George Gill; Assessor, H. Chilcote; Constables, Nathaniel Laicht and John Buckingham; Justices of the Peace, William Fleming and N. R. Petit. The population in 1850 was 933; 1860, 1,319; 1870, 1,118; 1880, 1,628. The assessed valuation of this township in 1882 was: Real estate, $167,851; personal property, $58,175. BIOGRAPHICAL. Benjamin H. Allen, son of John and Saville Allen, was born in Perry County, Ohio, Feb. 20, 1845. When he was three years of age his parents came to Hocking County, where he was reared, remaining at home till his twenty-fifth year. June 6, 1S69, he married Mary C. Ilerl. She died April 17, 1S75, leaving three children, two now living. July 18, 1878, Mr. Allen married Sarah B. Vest. He was a sehool-teacher several years, but in September, 1S74, bought the farm where he now lives, and since then has worked on the farm during the summer, still teaching during the winter months. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a man of considerable energy, and has been very successful in what he has undertaken. Mr. Allen has four children — Homer C, Eugene E., Prudence E. and Sanley O. John Allen, Jr., born in Culpeper County, Va., July 13, 1818, was a son of John and Margaret (Umphrey) Allen, natives of Vir- ginia. When he was quite young his parents came to Ohio and 1094 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEV. settled near Roseville, Muskingum County. While he was still a boy his father died and the support of the family fell on him and his brother Jasper. He was married April 1, 1841, to Savilla God- love, daughter of John Godlove, and settled on his portion of his father's estate, where he lived till 1S46. He then sold his farm and came to Hocking County and bought the farm where he now lives. Mr. Allen is the father of twelve children, ten now living — Matilda A., now Mrs. Louis Seymore; Benjamin H.; Elizabeth, now Mrs. David Jadwin; Julia A., now Mrs. E. Huffman; John, married Mary Vest; Philander, Minerva, Margaret E. and Savilla. Mr. Allen is a member of the United Brethren Church. Politi- cally he is a Democrat. George. Amerine, born in Belmont County, Ohio, July 11, 1820, is a son of Peter and Nancy (McConetf) Amerine, natives of Penn- sylvania. In 1833 his parents moved to Perry County, Ohio, and in 1845 he came to Hocking where, with the exception of six years, he has since resided. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the country schools, paying his own tuition. The first farm he bought was in Vinton County, at that time part of Hock- ing, and but little more than a wilderness. In 1855 he sold that farm and bought the one then known as the Adam Brown farm. He has always been a hard-working man, and by his good manage- ment has now a fine farm of ISO acres. He has had eight children born to him, two of whom are dead. Three are married and are making for themselves good homes. Mr. Amerine has been a member of the Methodist church since nineteen years of age. Eli J. Dennis, son of Elias and Matilda (Walters) Dennis, was born Feb. 23, 1S34, in Perry County, Ohio. When he was six months old his parents came to Hocking County, where he was reared and educated. June 6, 1S58, he married Mary M. Poling, daughter of Abraham Poling. After his marriage he rented land for three years, and then took a lease for some land of Simon Deaver, remaining on it nine years. In March. 1870, he bought eighty acres in Benton Township, which he has brought to a good state of culti- vation. Besides being a farmer he is by trade a stone-mason, and is one of the best in the county. Mr. and Mrs. Dennis have had fourteen children, twelve of whom are living — Mary C, Allie A., David, Barbary, Vance, Cynthia, George, Jacob, Denona, Eftie, Henry and James H. One son, Vance, has had the spinal meningitis twice, and is now a cripple, probably for life. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1095 W. B. Fleming, son of Joseph and Jane E. (Middleton) Flem- ing, was born April 4, 1836, in Virginia. In 1842 his parents came to Ohio and settled in Licking County. When sixteen years of age he went to work for David Waters as an apprentice to learn the trade of a millwright, and worked at that trade till 1861. April 27, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Fourteenth Ohio In- fantry, for three months. In August, 1861, he enlisted in the Thirty -eighth Ohio Infantry, for a year, and participated in the battles at Phillipi, Laurel Hill and Carrick Ford. July 19, 1862, he enlisted in the One Hundredth Ohio Infantry for three years. During his latter term of enlistment he was in the engagement at Knoxville, through the Georgia campaign, the battles of Franklin and Nashville, then to Washington, Wilmington and Greensboro, where he was mustered out July 13, 1865. He was married in September, 1869, to Miss M. J., daughter of John and Polly Brewer, of Tennessee. He lived in Tennessee ten years after his marriage, working at his trade. In 1881 he came to Ohio and located in Logan, and in August, 1882, came to' Bloomingville. He was elected Justice of the Peace April 2, 1883. He has been a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity since 1858. He is also a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. P. J. Green, M. D., son of John and Catharine (Darwin) Green, was born Feb. 17, 1817, in Enniskillen, Fermanagh County, Ire- land, and came to the United States with his parents in 1829. They came to Ohio in 1832, locating first in Muskingum County, and in the spring of 1833 moved to Perry County. Hi s father gave him the benefit of a liberal education, intending to fit him for the priesthood in the Catholic church, but he did not coincide with his father's plans, and so, when nineteen years of age left home to take care of himself. In the fall of 1837 he entered the Cincinnati Medical College and attended three sessions, graduating in 1839. lie was clerk on the river steamer Tuscarawas for four years and a half, and was on board at the time it was blown up with gun- powder. He then went to Cuba, but did not remain long, return- ing via New Orleans to Perry County, where he taught school twelve months. Sept. 3, 1845, he married Asenath Dollison and moved to Muskingum County, where he taught school and reviewed his medical studies three years. In October, 1849, he came to Hocking County and entered upon the practice of his profession in Logan. After a residence there of two years he went to New Mt. Pleasant, where he remained eight years. He then went to 1096 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Kingston, Ross County, but in 1S60 left there and came to Bloom- ingville, where he still resides. He has, by close application to his profession, acquired a large and lucrative practice. Dr. Green has reared a family of seven children, six now living. Samuel H. Her, son of William and Ann (Berry) Her, was born in Hocking County, Jan. 30, 1851. He was thrown on his own re- sources when quite young, but succeeded in getting a fair English education in the public schools. He was married Jan. 4, 1872, to Emma, daughter of Basil and Margaret A. Black. They have five children — Minnie, Lillie, Dellie, Joseph N. and Noah W. After his marriage Mr. Her settled on the farm where he now lives, on section 6, Benton Township. He makes a specialty of fruit, taking great pride in his work, and being one of the largest fruit- growers in the county. He joined the Disciple church in March, 1S72. Politically, he is a Democrat. Solomon Parrish, born in Baltimore County, Md., July 24, 1806, is a son of Joshua and Sarah Parrish. His parents moved to Bel- mont County, Ohio, in 1S09, where he was reared and educated. He commenced to learn the blacksmith's trade when seventeen years of age and worked at it in Belmont County till January, 1833. He then went to Tuscarawas County and remained till 1854. In October of the latter year he came to Hocking County and located in Benton Township. He has made farming his chiet occupation, and now owns 252 acres of tine land. Feb. 21, 1828, he married Elizabeth Jones, a native of Montgomery County, Md. They are the parents of ten children, five only now living — Aminda, born Sept. 30, 1832 ; Thomas, Oat 7, 1834 ; Marion, Dec. 23, 1839; Abraham R., Sept. 19, 1812. and Esther V., Sept. 21, 1847. Mr. and Mrs. Parrish joined the Methodist Episcopal church at West Union, Tuscarawas County, March 12, 1837. Their family are all members of the church here. Emery Fisk Redfern, M. D., son of Uriah and Jane (Murphy) Red fern, was born in Jaskson, nova par; of Vinton Cjunty, June 4, 1S42. He lost both his parents when a child and went to live with Isaac Dunkle, remaining with him till twenty years of age. July 31, 1862, he enlisted in Company V, Ninetieth Ohio Infantry. He participated in twenty-one battles and skirmishes, the more prominent being Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, and with Sherman to the sea. He was discharged June 13, 1865, having been in the service nearlj' three years and never having been ofT duty. Aug. 9, 1862, he married Martha Nichols, daughter of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1097 John F. and Mary (Lark ins) Nichols. They have four children — Francis N. R., Isaac W., Mary A. J. and Lillie L. M. Dr. Redfern ommenced the practice of medicine in 1870, and in the winter of lS78-'79 attended medical lectures at the American Eclectic Col- lege, Cincinnati, receiving a diploma from that school. He located in Sharonville, Pike County, and remained about six months; then went to Limerick, Jackson County; from there to South Perry, and thence to South Bloomingville, where he has since been engaged in the practice of his profession. Dr. Redfern is a member of Lodge No. 361, I. O. O. F., McArthur, and of the Grand Army of the Republic. Frederick Wolfe, son of Daniel and Joanna (Bench) Wolfe, was born in Surry County, N. C, Sipt. 24, 1^14, and came with his parents to Ohio in 1825, settling in what was then Ross County, but is now Vinton. His father not being able to buy a half sec- tion, the least that could be bought at that time, was obliged to settle on Congress land. Mr. Wolfe remained with his father in Ross County ten years and then came to Hocking County and entered forty acres of land. In 1835 he married Rebecca, daughter of John and Hester Chilcote. About the time of his marriage he traded his land for what is now known as the Eby farm. He by industry added to his possessions till at one time he owned 262 acres of fine land. He now has 105 acres. Mr. Wolfe is the oldest resident in Benton Township. When he first came here he had to go twenty-four miles on horse-back to mill. Their salt was brought from the Kanawha Salt Works, Va.,also on horse-back. Mr. and Mrs. Wolfe have had eight children, of whom the following grew to maturity — John (married twice, Mary and Rachel Davis), Hester A. (now Mrs. T. J. Allison,) Daniel, Joshua (married Jennie John- son), William, Mary Eby, and Columbus (married Jane Turner). Mr. Wolfe has been a member of the Methodist church since 1840. CHAPTER XL. SALT CREEK ANP PERRY TOWNSHIPS— VARIED SCENERY, FER- ULE SOIL, A WEALTH? AND PROGRESSIVE PEOPLE Saj Cress V9 lt it Comprises -Metes and Bounds Aki\, Srs Mu.k^ bi Seven— Population — Pioneers, Schools lnd Churches Postoffice and Stores Cownship Officers, L8S8 — BlOQRAPHICAl Perrv — Area -Boundary— Scrnkrt Early. Settlers [nci- b First White Child Born — Mills— Township Offi- csrs v ..a Psrrt — Laurei.yilli — BubnaVista — Churches — Population— Valuation — Prsssnt Officials Noted —Biographic u . SALT CREEK WHAT IT COMPRISES, Salt Ci prises the southwest corner of Hocking County, extending one farther south than any other township of the COW e township is root;-. in shape, its dimensions • .. - \ ■ as m east to west, and seven from north to south. [tc ins - \ square miles more than the ordinary cong ship, and in all, 26,880 acres of land. Salt Creek Township is bounded on the north by Perry, on the east by ton and Vinton County, on the south by Vinton County, and on the wesl ! — County. It is drained entirely by S Creek, .-. tributary of the Scioto River, from which it takes o. The soil is fi 1 productive along the valley oi S Creek and its tributaries and well adapted to tanning, but the up- I is thin and in some parts very rough. Vanning and gra principal occupations of the inhabitants. Although ' rgest township, in territory, in the count} it ranks sixth in population. The increase has been fair in the sea - ring a growth of about twenty- - \ per cent., In lug fourth in this respect in the county. The tig- ftdes are as follows: Population in L840, 821; in I860, 1,094; in >■ ; in 1870, 1,179; and in L880, • 1,486. The assessed valuation of Salt Creek Township in 1882 ; personal property - ,840. Although 109S /"• **^>rv 'm i M m VS7?,!* HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1099 tli is township can not boast of a rock house, an ash cave*, or a "road to hell," yet in natural scenery it partakes of the nat- ure of its neighbors, and has within its borders a portion of the wonderful stream Queer Creek. But where it is a little behind in this respect, the difference is probably more than balanced by the industry and sobriety of its people, — facts which would refute the charge of containing a "road to hell" in any sense. Among the FIRST SETTLERS here were : Daniel Karshner, Moses Wiggins, Thomas Wiggins and William Hoover. The exact date of their arrival to this part of the great forest of the Northwest cannot now be ascertained, but it was probably near the time of the first flood of emigration to the Ohio Company's purchase, as in 1840 the township had a fair pop- ulation for that date, as shown above, ranking fourth among the townships of the county. The general occupation was that of clearing and cultivating the soil. Lemuel Wiggins built and ran a saw-mill on the bank of Salt Creek at an early date, it being the first in the township. It was afterward changed into a grist-mill, . and was finally abandoned, which leaves the township without a single manufacturing establishment. The first blacksmith-shop in the township, owned by D. L. Davis, was built in 1858, and sit- uated on section 15, near the Haynes postoftice. There are three shops in the township at present. This township has eight school districts, each of which is sup- plied with a school-house. For the support of the schools the township tax in 1SS2 was $1,039.95. CHURCHES. The churches of the township are three in number, the most im- portant of which is the United Brethren society, known as Zion Church. — This society was first organized in 1855 with a membership of ten persons. A building was erected a few years after the organization of the society, situated very near the center of the township, on section 21. Throughout its history this church has been one of prosperity and great usefulness. The present Pastor, the Rev. Mr. Montgomery, is an earnest and efficient Pastor, and the society, now numbering about seventy members, bids fair for a long and useful future. Bethel Church (United Brethren) is located on section 12, near the eastern border of the township. The location is a pleasant 1100 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. one, oft the bank of Big Pine Creek, the church being supported by an oarnost and faithful membership. The members who organ- ized the church in 1S51 were as follows : Alfred Reid and wife, John Reid and wife, II. J. Lowe, John Hoffman, J. L. Lowe and wife, J. Martin, Sr., I. L. Bookwalter and John Barnhart. For two years this society held services in private houses, when their present building was erected in 1S53. The church now numbers forty members in its fellowship and is steadily growing. The present Pastor is Rev. Jesse McLaughlin. The Methodist Episcopal Church, situated in the southern por- tion of the township, on section 34, was organized and the building erected in 1S79. Since then it has gradually grown and extended its inriuence until at this time it is one of the most powerful churches for good of this denomination in the county outside of the city of Logan. The 'only POSTOFFICE ever established within the township is situated north ot its cen- ter, near the confluence of the two streams. Big Pine and Salt creeks. It was established in 1871, when D. L. Davis, who has held the office continuously up to the present time, was appointed Postmaster. For a few years the office went by the name of Pine- ville, but it was changed to llaynes postoffice, being in the midst of the llaynes neighborhood. The stores, two in number, situated in this township, are coun- trv stores, there being no village within its limits. The first one, the one now kept by M. D. Davis, was established as early as 1S40, by Reuben Wise. The other, situated at the junction ot the Suit Creek and Pike Run roads, was built and started by Joseph Poling in 1875. This store is at present owned by Mrs. Maggie Poling. Although as yet not very greatly advanced in the business thrifts of a long-settled community, yet the people of this town- ship have ix ruosrEOTivE a railroad through the Salt ('reek Valley, which has been surveyed and already partially graded. This will pass through the town- ship from northwest to southeast, a little north of its center. A new postoffice, to be kept in the Poling store, has also been pro- vided for. and expects to begin business July 1, l^S-3. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1101 The township officers for Salt Creek at present are : Justices, Daniel L. Davis, Lewis Neace and Benjamin Stephenson; Treas- urer, Nelson Karshner; Clerk, J. C. Buttre; Justices of the Peace D. L. Davis and William Kennedy; Constables, S. Robinson and Charles Davis. BIOGRAPHICAL. Nelson Bowsher, born Jan. 19, 1837, is a son of Abraham and Elizabeth (Gaul) Bowsher, natives of Ohio. He was married in September, 1861, to Susan, daughter of Jacob and Debby (Grim) Seesholtz, her father a native of Germany and her mother of Ohio. They have had four children, three only now living — William L., who married Mary Miller; George F., who married Dosha Wil- kins, and Rose E. Mr. Bowsher has an interest in a saw-mill which he runs in connection with farming. He has a well-cultivated farm of seventy acres, with good farm buildings. He enlisted during the late war in Company A, One Hundred and Fourteenth Infantry. He went to Memphis, and from there to the Yazoo River, where he was in a six days' engagement; from there to Arkansas Post, Morganzie's Bend and Horse Shoe Bend, where he worked on the canal all winter. He was in the battles at Thompson's Hill, Champion Hill, Black River, siege of Vicksburg. From there he went New Orleans, Brazier City and Algiers, where he took a vessel for Texas. He remained there all winter and then went back to Alabama; from there to Pensacola, Fla., then back to Blakely, Ala., where he was in a siege of seven or eight days. He was mustered out of the service in July, 1865, at Houston, Texas. Christopher C. Haynes, son of Christopher and Annie (Wiggins), Ilaynes, was born Feb. 28, 1846. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. Jan. 24, 1867, he married Ella, daughter of George and Mary Crider. They have one son. He bought 100 acres of land in Pickaway County but lived there only a year. Oct. 1, 1S69, he sold his Pickaway County farm and bought 420 acres where he now resides, and has since bought forty acres more. He is now having three ponds for fish made, covering one- half an acre each. He has a saw-mill that has the capacity for cut- ting 8,000 feet of lumber per day. Hr. Haynes is one of the sub- stantial men of this township, and is always ready to do all in his power for its welfare. Jacob S. Haynes, a native of Salt Creek Township, born July 16, 1842, is a son of Christopher and Annie (Wiggins) Haynes, natives also of Ohio. His father died in the spring of 1859. Feb- 1102 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ruary, 1866, he married Maria, daughter ot David and Jane (Smith) Dressback. He located on- 160 acres of fine land which was his share ot his father's estate, and by industry and frugality has added to it trom time to time till he lias now 300 acres, with good frame residence and commodious farm buildings. InNovem- ber, L863, he enlisted in Company M, Twelfth Ohio Cavalry, and was mustered out in October, 1S65. He participated in several skirmishes and was with General Burbridge on his march through Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and South Carolina to Georgia, Nelson Karshner, born in Perry Township, Hocking County, March 25, 1S39, is a son of John and Elizabeth (Spangler) Karsh- ner. His mother was a daughter of Samuel Spangler, who repre- sented Fairlield County, Ohio, in the Legislature and Senate twenty-one years. Nov. 2, 1862. Mr. Karshner married Annie, daughter of Jacob and Mary (Ebert) Hostler. They have had eight children, four sons and two daughters now living. After his mar- riage Mr. Karshner settled on a portion ot his father's farm where he still resides. In 1SVS he bought 154 acres of fine land. He was elected Township Treasurer in 1S64 and has held the office by re-election till the present time, this being his nineteenth year. Rufus Karshner, born in Salt Creek Township, Hoiking Co., Ohio, Dec. 22, 1S23, is a son ot Elijah and Eliza ^llalderman) Karshner. His father was born in Pennsylvania, and came to Hocking County with his father in 1807, and died Feb. 20, L879, a^ed seventy-nine years, lie roared eight out ot nine children to be men and women. At his death he left a fine property of 424 acres. Rufus Karshner was married Sept. 10, 1858, to Delilah Ebert, daughter of Jesse and Elizabeth Ebert. They have nine children — Susan A., now Mrs. John Drum; Diana, now Mrs. Charles Dent; Lama, now Mrs. Charles Blanchard; Eliza, Jessio May, Franklin, Elijah, Daisy and Bishop. Mr. Karshner lived with his father two years after his marriage, and then bought the place where he now lives, lie has 133 acres of land which he has brought under a good state of cultivation. He was elected Countv Commissioner in L879 and re-elected in l s ^2. lie is a member ot the German Reform church. Politically he is a Democrat. William Kennedy, son ot John and Jane (Campbell) Kennedy, is a native of Ireland, born Aug. 4, L826. He came to America in L846; landed in New York, and remained there a year. Then went to New Philadelphia where he lived till 1801. Aug. 19 of that year he enlisted in Company I, Thirtieth Ohio Infantry, and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1103 participated in many hard -fought battles, among them Frederick City, South Mountain and Antietam. In the latter he was wounded in the upper part of the left hip and sent to the hospital, but on account of continued disability was discharged in October, 1863. Oct. 4) 1864, he was sufficiently recovered to again enter the ser- vice, which he did, serving till the close of the war. Mr. Kennedy was married Feb. 7, 1852, to Elizabeth Robinson, a native of Ireland, who came to America with her parents in 1833. They are the parents of eleven children, seven now living — John O, James 11., Sarah E., Elma E., Charles E.. Margaret A. and Mary N. Mr. Kennedy has held several local offices in the township, being at present Justice ol the Peace. lie is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and the Soldiers' Monumental Asso- ciation of Pickaway County. He has a fine farm of 280 acres, 120 being well cultivated, the rest timber, with a two-story resi- dence erected in 1876. Mr. and Mrs. Kennedy are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Charles Spencer, son of James C. and Eleanor (Karshner )Spen- cer, was born in Ross County, Ohio, April 20, 1830. lie was married Jan. 24, 1857, to Jane Strous, daughter of John and Angelinc Strous, of Pickaway County, Ohio. They have five chil- dren — James, Mary J., Anna, John and Ella. The first year after his marriage he lived with his father, and then went to Pickaway County, and lived two years. In I860 he returned to Hocking County and lived on what was known as the Larrick farm, till 1873. He then bought his brother's interest in the home farm and re- turned to the old homestead. lie now has 444 acres of fine land, all well cultivated, and is considered one of the best farmers in Hocking County. George W. Wiggins, born Oct. 13, 1836, is a son of Z. D. and Lucinda (llaynes) Wiggins, the former of English and the latter of German descent, but both natives of Ohio. In 1862 he was appjinted Assistant Provost Marshal, a position he held till 1864, when he enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Infantry. Owing to ill health he was on the field very little, though he was at Washington when the Confederates were trying to tako the city. He was discharged in November, 1864, and re- turned home, and again served as Assistant Marshal till the close of the war. He was married Oct. 20, 1859, to Caroline, daughter of Jesse and Elizabeth (Plank) Ebert, natives of Ohio. They have seven children— Mary, Jacob, Laura, Ransford, Sherman, Clara and 1104 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Otis. Mr. Wiggins is a member of Lodge No. 114, I. O. O. F., Adelphi, and has taken the subordinate and camp degrees. He was reared a farmer and lias always followed that occupation, but has recently sold his farm of 25S acres and intends moving to Illinois this fall. PERRY TOWNSHIP. METES, BOUNDS AND AREA. This township is situated on the extreme western border ot Hocking County, and is bounded on the north by Fairfield County, the east by Good Hope and Laurel townships, on the south by Salt Creek Township, and on the west by Pickaway County. It is one of the largest townships of the county, there being but one other of equal size (Salt Creek). It embraces forty-two sec- tions of 26.S80 acres of land. The scenery is beautifully diversified, with gradual sloping hills and rich, green valleys, and perhaps no other township in the county presents a fairer domain or more fertile soil, which is composed of black loam, clay and sand or loam, and is well adapted for raising a rain and grazing purposes. The immense forest ranges that once ruled as monarchs of the domain have rapidly diminished before the steady increase of population, which is made up of people of industry and intelligence. PIONEERS. The first white settler in the towuship was George Ballon, who came in 1S07, but only remained a very short time. The follow- ing year Samuel Friend, John Morse and George White came with their families, and formed the nucleus to what is now a pros- perous community. They had to go to Chillicothe to get wheat or corn ground for bread, and sometimes the families would have to wait for more than a week for their return, with nothing to subsist on but hominy and wild meat. The wives of the settlers shared their trying lot with great patience and boldness of spirit. ITEMS OF INTEREST. The first white child born in the township was a son of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Friend, and was named Samuel Friend, Jr. He cnly lived a short time consequently his was the first death re- corded. The first sermon was preached by Rev. David Dutcher in the cabin of Samuel Friend. This service was interrupted by the ap- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1105 proach of a large bear, which came and took a hog from the pen within a few feet of the cabin. The people went forth to his swineship's rescue. Old Bruin was soon overtaken while making off with his prize, and finally killed. The first church was built by the Baptists in 1820, and was lo- cated just below where the village of South Perry now stands, and the first school-house was erected about the same time on section 21. These buildings were both constructed of logs. The first mill was built by Benjamin Bennett in 1824, on Middle Fork Creek, section 21. In 1835 James Armstrong opened a sture near where South Perry stands, and became engaged in a general mercantile business. This, however, was shortly afterward purchased by Levi Friend, who continued in the business for some time. Perry Township formerly belonged to Fairfield County, but in 1849 became a part of Hocking County, and its first township officers elected after its annexation to Hocking were as follows : Trustees, Joel Stump, Samuel Fetherolf and William Hice; Justices of the Peace, David Wagner and Alexander McClelland; Treasurer, William McClelland; Clerk, Samuel L. Hunter; Asses- sor, David B. Wagner; Constables, Corbin Murray and Christian Fogler. In this township there are three villages, South Perry, Laurelville and Buena Vista. SOUTH PERRY. This village was laid out in 1838 by Levi Friend. It is located on section 22, range 19, and contains about 200 inhabitants at the pr< sent time. It was here the first postoffice in the township was established in 1838, through the efforts of Levi Friend, who was appointed first Postmaster. The fir=t house was built by Ira McCullom; the first black- smith-shop, by John Melhiser, and the first practicing physician was Dr. William T. Floyd. The present business of South Perry consists of one general merchandise store, one hotel, two blacksmith-shops and one prac- ticing physician. There are also two churches and one school- house. South Perry was incorporated in 1849, and Samuel F. Strous was elected first Mayor. He filled this position during the exist- ence of the corporation, which was only about three years. 70 1106 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. LODGES. Tiie Odd Fellows have a lodge here instituted Aug. 25, 1869, with the following charter members: William Floyd, Lewis Wag- ner, Joseph Julien, Joel H. Stump, T. J. Siddons, William Arm- strong, A. H. Wilson and William Steel. The lodge is in a pros- perous condition and has about thirty members. Its present offi- cers are: Elisha Marshall, N. G.; William Steel, V. G.; C. C. Susholtz, Secretary; J. R. Bushee, Treasurer; T. J. Siddons, Chap.; John Ebert, Guardian, and George Drum, Warden. In 1841 there was a temperance organization formed called the "Teetotalers," which resulted in much good for a time. In 1868 the "Good Templars " had an order here, and although there is at the present time no temperance organization there are but few evidences of intemperance, and quiet and good order prevails throughout the entire village. The " midnight brawls " so com- mon to places of this kind are of very uncommon occurrence. LAURELVILLE is pleasantly situated in the Salt Creek Valley, on section 29, at the point where Laurel Creek, from which it took its name, emp- ties into Salt Creek, in the extreme southwestern corner of the township. It was laid out Dec. 23, 1871, by John Albin, W. S. Albin and Solomon Riegel, aided largely by the efforts of Rufus Dodson. There has since been two additions by Allen Strous, the tirst in 1S76 and the second in 1882. At the tim3 it was laid out there were but three houses, but soon after people of thrift and enterprise began to come in and it has since grown quite rapidly, having at this time a population of fully 200. The citizens take great pride in its growth and general appear- ance, and in it are to be seen many pleasant residences of modern architecture and surroundings which show a cultivated taste. Its present business consists in three general merchandise estab- lishments owned and operated by Rufus Dodson, Hedges &Drum, and John McNicol; one planing mill, by H. D. Riegel; one general sawing mill, by Messrs. Drum, Riegel & Steel; one flouring mill, with a capacity of about fifty barrels per day, by Zara McDaniel; three blacksmith shops and one harness shop. A postoffice was established here Jan. 1, 1879, through the efforts of John Bates, who was appointed first Postmaster. Mr. Bates retained the position only a short time, being succeeded April 1, 1879, by HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1107 Rufus Dodson, the present incumbent. The first house was built by Solomon Riegel, as was also the first hotel, which was known as the Laurelville House. The present hotel was built and is kept by Jacob Friend and is called " Friend's Hotel.' 1 The lumber trade has been an important factor in the business interests of this place, it having been one ot the best lumber markets in the county. This village has two churches, the Cumberland Presbyterian and a Baptist, and one school-house. lil'K.VA VISTA is a small village located on section 3, laid out in 1848 by Peter Kane. It has about sixty inhabitants, and its business interests consist of one general store and one grocery. There is a p03toffice at this point, with C. Moore as Postmaster. It also has one church and one school-house. CHURCHES. Perry Township is well supplied with churches, there being seven. A full and extended history of some of them it has been impossible to obtain. Methodist Episcopal. — There are three churches of this denomi- nation in the township. One is situated at South Perry, which was the first in the township. They held services in dwelling houses for six or seven years, then built the church now used by the United Brethren church. Their present house of worship was built in about 1 S45. The present membership is 129, and the church is in a flourishing condition, with 1. M. Brashears as its Pastor. The congregation includes many of the best citizens of Perry Town- ship, and is entirely free from debt. Bethany Church is situated on section 33, and is a beautiful brick building which was erected in 1874, and neatly and taste- fully finished. Among the first members were: Win. Rice and wife, Mary Hedges, Peter Harron, Mr. Thomas and wife, and Mr. Cave and wife. The first Class-leader of the church was Wm. R Their present Pastor is the Rev. I. M. Brashears. The congregation numbers many of the wealthy citizens, and all the male members but three are said to be worth over $7,000 each. The membership at the present time is seventy-six. BuenaVist'i Church. — This is an offspring of Bethany church, is situated at Buena Vista, and has a membership of about eighty. Their first minister was Rev. W. T. Jones, and the present is Rev. I. M. Brashears. 1108 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Cumberland Presbyterian. — In January, 1876, a move was made by the people of this denomination to build a church at Laurel- ville. A subscription paper was started for this purpose, to which the people enrolled their names generally for large amounts, Messrs. W. S. Albin and Zara Mc Daniel giving the lot on which to build. The people were so unanimous in their support it was decided to build at once, and the following were chosen to constitute the building committee: W. S. Albin, Rufus Dodson and Charles Spencer. The work was begun June 10, 1876, and completed Oct. 18, 1877, with a debt of only $300. It was dedicated Nov. 5, 1877, and at this^time enough money was donated to pay off all the indebtedness of the church. The first members were: Rufus Dod- son and wife, Charles Spencer and wife, W. S. Albin and wife, John Dent and wife, Angeline Dent, Emma Dent, David Karen - ner, Francis Karshner, Sarah and Louisa Carrick. The first Pas- tor was Rev. M. Dent, who still remains with them. They have in connection a very pleasant Sabbath-school of about sixty scholars. The Baptist Church is situated at Laurelviile, and was built in 18S3. It is under the pastorate of the Rev. J . C. Reed. The first members were: Allen Strous and wife, Mr. and Mrs. Alex. Martin, Betsey Davis and Mrs. Hay. There has as yet been no addition to the membership. Union Church. — This was formed by the uniting of the Luther- ans, Methodists and Albrights. Among the first members were Samuel Spangler, Samuel Fetherolf, David Defenbaugh, William McClelland and wife, and Amos Whistler. The pulpit is now sup- plied by Rev. I. M. Brashears, and the membership numbers about ninety-eight. United Brethren. — This church, located across Laurel Creek, opposite South Perry, was formerly occupied by the Methodists, from whom it was purchased. The society was organized in 1838. The membership numbers about 100, composed of people who are ever earnest workers in the Christian cause. Their present Pastor is Rev. Jesse McLaughlin. SCHOOLS. A comparison of the old log school-house built in 1820 with the present school buildings which are now scattered over Perry Town- ship shows a wonderful improvement, also the methods of teach- ing of the teachers of the present, and a like change will be seen. The schools of this township, ten in number, are in excellent con- dition, with a township fund this year of $1,503.96. Most of the HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1109 people take great interest in the matter of education, consequently many men have gone forth as representatives in high positions, and there are yet many citizens of intelligence and culture throughout the township. It may be truly said that Perry has sent forth more men who have made their mark in the world than any other town- ship in the county. The population of Perry Township was first given in 1S50, when it numbered 1,217. In 1860 it was 1,729; in 1870, 1,745; in 1880, 1,995. In 1S65 its assessed valuation of real and personal property was $363,417; in 1867, $381,576; in 1880, $177,446. The town- ship officers for 1883 are: Trustees, Milton Armstrong, Joseph Hedges, John A. White; Justices of the Peace, Amos Hedges, J. B. Riarson, P.'M. Floyd; Treasurer, Isaiah Deffenbaugh; Clerk, P. M. Floyd; Assessor, John A. McClelland. NOTED BEECH TKEE. This tree, still standing, has a history. At its roots the Indians held their pow-wows, and under its shading branches many a war- dance has been held. Indian traditions speak of this monarch ot the forest, and undoubtedly the war councils of the savages were held here until this tree has brought forth better fruit to the pio- neers of long ago. It has not only protected from storm and sun- shine those who planned the extinguishment of the hated pale-face, but in later years the gospel of Him who died that all might be saved has resounded through the forest, and under its wide-spreading branches has stood many an eager throng drinking in the words that taught them the immortality of the soul and the glorious brightness of the great beyond. On this great tree in pioneer days was cut this device, "The Road to Hell.' 1 It was cut by a hunter and trapper who, having been captured by the Indians had camped one night under its mighty shade in his way to captivity and torture. After suffering untold horrors by having his beard pulled out by the roots, burned and branded by pine knots, and suffering other trials of untold agony, he escaped before his final doom of being burned at the stake. He reached this tree and recognized it, and suffering as he had, he cut those terrible words, tor it had been to him truly a veritable %> road to hell." It is on the old Indian trace, and Ash Cave, some little distance away, is said to have been the scene of captives being roasted to death. 1110 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ITS LATER HISTORY. The oldest settler tound the above mystic words but time had been able to cover them up by over a century of growth. The name ot Henry Moore with date, 1850, is now the oldest mark found. It was a splendid camping-ground in early days. The old pioneers used to gather under its branches and have squirrel fries, or congregate for a talk and rest from the weary tramp after the forest game. Just above the ground, say about two teet, this tree measures some fifteen feet in circumference, or five feet in diameter. It is about 100 feet high and its spreading branches cover a space eighty-three teet from tip to tip. The first mill erected in that sec- tion of Hocking County was put up within about seven or eight rods from this tree, and under its shade was the work shop, not only of that mill but others, and the first sermon preached in the county, also, was under its protecting branches. BIOGRAPHICAL. William S. Albin was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, Feb. 6, 1S22, son of AVilhamand Xancy (Clark) Albin, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of "Washington County, Penn. William S. Albin was reared on a farm, and has made farming his principal avocation through life. He was married Oct. 14, 1847, to Miss Elizabeth A. Tribby, daughter of Samuel and Frances (Yost) Tribby, who were natives of Virginia. This union was blessed with six sons and six daughters — John T., Erastus, Martin L., Mary F., Areta, Vina, Nancy R., William H., Isaac L. are those living. Amanda, James F. and Rachel A. are dead. William Albin, Sr., and Nancy Clark were married in 1816, and were the parents of twelve children and lived to see them all married and settled in life. Mr. Albin is now in his ninetieth year. William S. Albin and wife are both members of the Cumberland Presby- terian church at Laurelville. Three of their children are married, two sons and one daughter. John T. married first, Emma Arm- strong. His second wife was Miss Davis. He now has his third wife, who was Miss Mary B. Hamlin. He is in his thirty-fifth year. Erastus married Miss Mary Moody, in January, 1S77. Mary F. married Ira W. Barnhouse in 1875. Milton Armstrong, farmer and stock-raiser, eldest son of William and Sarah A. (Fetherolf) Armstrong, was born in Perry Town- ship, Hocking County, Jan. 21, 1842. lie was reared on a farm HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1111 receiving his education in the subscription schools, lie lived with his parents till attaining his majority, and March 17, 1804, he mar- ried Miss Caroline, daughter of Peter and Leah (Dunkel) Mowrey. They have had ten children, nine of whom are living — Henry A., born Aug. 12, 1864; Wilbur E., bom May 1, 1866; George G., born March 26, 1868; llarley K, born Jan. 23, 1870; John P., •born Oct. 4, 1872; Sylvia E., born Dec. 15, 1874; James E., born Nov. 25, 1870, died April 12, 1877; Alice May, born March 30, 1878; Minerva A., born Sept. 24, 1880; Dunton, born June 22, 1 882. Mr. Armstrong first purchased the farm known as the Arm- strong homestead where he lived two years, after which he pur- chased his present farm, which contains 237 acres of excellent land, and has also eighty-eight acres in Pickaway County. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of the I. O. O. P., Silver Moon Lodge, No. 440. William Armstrong. — The Armstrongs were among the earliest settlers of Hocking County. Thomas Armstrong was born in Franklin County, Pa., June 15, of that memorable year of our country's history, 1775, and came to Hocking County in his twenty- fourth year. He married the same year Miss Margaret Patton, born in the same county and State as himself, and who with her father's family had preceded him one year, having come to Ohio in the year 1801, and settled soon after in Salt Creek Township. Miss Patton was born June 15, 1783, being just eight years her hus- band's junior. They were married Oct. 16, 1802. To Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong were born nine children, five sons and four daugh- ters — James, born in October, 1803; Ann, Dec. 19,1805, deceased, wife of D. K. Debaugh; George Flanningham, born April 19, 1808; William, Oct. 28, 1810; John, March 4, 1813; Thomas, May 30, 1815; Mary Mc, Jan. 18, 1818; Margaret, Jan. 11, 1822; George, Dec. 25, 1826. All of the above have crossed the mystic river for the golden shore excepting Mary Mc, now the widow of Jacob Bus- sard, residing in Heading, 111., and William, the subject of this sketch. William Armstrong, whose birth' is recorded above, resided with his parents on the farm until he reached man's estate and took upon himself the cares of a family. He married Miss Susanah Fetherolf, one of a family of noble pioneers who became prominent in the early history of the valley. The result of this marriage was a family of ten children, four sons and six daughters — Jane, wife of Alvin Kanck; Minerva, wife of ZaraMcDaniel; Caroline Mowrv; Mary Ann, wife of Samuel McClelland; Susanah, wife of Albert 1112 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. "Wolf; Nelson, who married Alice Dillon; George B. married Sarah Aun Dunkle; Emma O. deceased, late wife of John T. Albin; Cinderella, late the wife of A. J. Wise, but now deceased; William T., who married Mace Kittsmiller. Mr. Armstrong lost his wife of over a quarter of a century Oct. 17, 1863. They had passed through the trials and struggles of pioneer days emerging into the broad sunlight of prosperity and rest when they were called to part. Mr. Armstrong married again April 13, 1865, this second wife being Mrs. Ellen A. Floyd, a daughter of Alexander White and widow of the late John M. Floyd, both honest, honorable and trusted citizens. The fruit of this marriage was one child — Minnie. Mr. Armstrong has always followed that noblest of occupations, a farmer's life, and with rare tact and judgment combined with strong sense his labor has proved profitable, and he has gathered the fruits of a well-spent and laborious life around him in such quantity as to make life a pleasure — a well cultivated farm, a good house and a full granary. Mr. Armstrong, although over three- score years and ten, being now seventy-three years of age, is a hearty, vigorous old man, enjoying a clear conscience, good health, his latter days being days of peace and plenty, with a loved family and friends around him. Mr. Armstrong served two terms as County Commissioner of Hocking County, from 1860 to 1866, a time that tried the honesty, judgment and nerve of the incumbent, and he filled the office with credit to himself and to the honor of his county. As one of the most prosperous farmers in the county, a Christian gentleman, active in the cause of religion and morality, in sympathy with the doctrines of the Lutheran church, he stands as a representative man in his county, and can look back upon a well-spent life without sorrow and without reproach. Mrs. Arm- strong is an active member of the Methodist church, and they are floating down the pathway of lite hand in hand, with peace and plenty here, and hereafter life everlasting. Samuel Bailor, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, April 16, 1816, a son of Samuel and Susan (Shatter) Bailor, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Ohio in an early day. The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm and educated in the subscription schools. When seven years old he went to his uncle, Isaac Shatter, with whom he lived till he reached his ma- jority, after which he engaged in the carpenter's trade for about ten years. He was married April 0, 1846, to Miss Susannah Buzzard, born July 11, 1822, and a daughter of Jacob Buzzard, one of Hock- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1113 ing County's pioneers, who lived to the advanced age of ninety- nine years. This union was blessed with nine children — DelilaJ., born April 12, 1847, and died July 21, 1847: Amelia, born Jan. 28, 1849; Clark, born Oct. 15, 1S50; an infant, born Sept. 8,1853, died Nov. 3, 1S53; George, born June 4, 1855; an infant, born Jan. 14, 185S, died the same day; Charlotta, born May 30, 1859, died July 7, 1859; John, born July 7, 1860; Charles, born July 31, 1867, died Aug. 3, 1867. After marriage he followed farm- ing in different places till 1859, when he purchased the farm in Perry Township, Hocking County, where he has since resided, having accumulated a large property of 415 acres by his industry and exertion. lie has given his children a good education. His wife is a member of the Baptist church. James B. Bushee, blacksmith. South Perry, was born in Pick- away County, Ohio, July 10, 1829. When he was about two years old came with his father's family to Hocking County, where he was reared and received his education in the common schools. His father being a blacksmith, he was early put at work in assisting his father in the shop, and there became master of the trade, remaining with his father until he was about eighteen years of age, when his mother died and the family was broken up. He then went to work as a journeyman in Adelphi and other towns of Boss County. He was married Nov. 9, 1851, to Sarah Mettler, a native of New Jersey, born Oct. 4, 1831, and came to Hocking County when about nine years of age. They have had eight children, five still living — Adolphus C, born June 3, 1854; Margaret A., born July 17, 1855; Hannah A., born Sept, 27, 1856; Francis E., born March 8, 1860; Alva C, born May 18, 1868. After his marriage Mr. Bushee began business in South Perry, where he has since been located. During the late war he enlisted in Company B, Seventy-first Ohio Infantry, where he participated in the battles of Spring Hill, Franklin and Nashville. He served until the close of the war and received his discharge June 12, 1865. He returned to his home in South Perry and engaged in his present business, which he has since followed. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., Silver Moon Lodge, No. 440. Benjamin E. Cave was born in Montgomery County, Ivy., Jan. 19, 1S10, a son of Benjamin and Mary (Mounts) Cave, his father a native of Virginia and his mother of Kentucky. His parents came to Ohio in 1815, arriving in Perry Township Dec. 24, and settled on the farm now owned by their son-in-law, J. A. 1114 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. McLelland. Benjamin E. remained at home till twenty-three years of age, working on the farm and at the carpenter's trade. He now owns a larm of 130 acres. July 5, 1832, he married Susan, daughter of James and Abigail Roult, of Pickaway County. Ten children have been born to them, nine still living — Mary J., Isaac jN" , William H., E valine M., Emily M., James R., Lubine E., Jasper C. and Chas. W. In October, 1861, Mr. Cave enlisted in Com- pany H, Seventy -fifth Ohio Infantry, and was appointed Sergeant of the company. May 8, 1862, at the battle of McDowell, Va., he was wounded in the left shoulder, and after remaining in the hospital till the next September he was discharged. His son Isaac served three years in the war and was wounded at the second battle of Bull Run. Mr. Cave is an active worker in the temperance cause, having been a member of a temperance organization since 1S41. He and his wife have been members of the Methodist church over fifty years. Calvin Defenbaugh, farmer and etock-raiser, was born in Perry Township, on the line between Fairfield and Hocking counties, July 2, 1832. He is a son of George and Rebecca (Faust) Defen- baugh, both natives of Hocking County, and a grandson of George Defenbaugh, one of the early settlers of Hocking County. Our subject was reared on a farm and lived with his parents until man- hood, being educated in the common schools. He was married Sept. 4, 1853, to Miss Martha J., daughter of Covington Cox, who was among the pioneers of the county, and for many years was prominently identified with Perry Township. They have been blessed with three children — Harvey, born Jan. 21, 1855; Colum- bus M., born May S, 1S58, and William D., born Sept. 8, 1S60. He rented land for some years and followed the avocation of a farmer. He moved to Iowa where he engaged in farming for four years when he returned to his native county, and in 1866 purchased the farm where he has since resided. Mr. and Mrs. Defenbaugh are active and consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church at South Perry. Isaiah Deffenbaugh, merchant, was born in Perry Township, Fairfield County, now Hocking, Ohio, Feb. 19, 1845, the oldest son of James and Lyda (Stump) Deffenbaugh and a grandson of the venerable Daniel K. Deffenbaugh, who was one of the first settlers of the county. He was reared on a farm, and received his education in the common schools, residing with his parents until he was crrown to manhood. He was married Dec. 25, 1867, to Mary HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1115 J. McLelland, born Jan. 22, 1847, a daughter of Win. and Isabel 1 (Alexander) McLelland, of Perry Township. After his marriage he engaged in farming for a period of nine years, and in the spring of 1876 purchased a half interest in a mercantile establish- ment with L. Wagner at South Perry, where he met with marked success. He has been elected to many local offices of trust and responsibility. Mr. and Mrs. Deffenbaugh are the parents of four children— Lyda Bell, born Nov. 21, 1869; George A., Oct. 1, 1872; James W., Aug. 6, 1875; Orange Judd, Sept. 25, 1879. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, he having held every office in the church. His wife has been a member since six- teen years of age. Daniel K. Defebaugh was born in Ross Count}'', Ohio, Jan. 21, 1798, a son of George Defebaugh, a native of Pennsylvania, born Dec. 16, 1767. His grandfather, George Defebaugh, was a native of Holland, and a cousin of Napoleon Bonaparte. His father came to Ohio in 1797 and located in Ross County, four years later coming to Hocking County. He was married in 1791 to Elizabeth Keller, a native of Dalton, Pa., born in July, 1772. They reared a family of seven sons and three daughters. The first night spent in Hocking County a cradle was made for our sub- ject of walnut bark, with a bear skin and coon skin for bed and covering. In 1814 Mr. Defebaugh went out as drummer in the war of 1812. At the battle of Mackinaw he received a shot through the ear and still carries the scar. In 1815 he was bound to a millwright and served an apprenticeship of four and a half years. He worked as journeyman only six months, since then carrying on business for himself, being his own foreman. Oct. 30, 1822, he married Nancy Ann Armstrong, daughter of Thomas Armstrong, a native of Ross County, born Dec. 19, 1805. Ten children have been born to them; nine lived to be settled in their own homes — James, born Nov. 3, 1823; George, born Jan. 13, 1826, died Dec. 18, 1870; Elijah, born March 9, 1828; Isaac, born May 2, 1830; Thomas, born Nov. 9, 1832, was drowned May 27, 1834; Caroline, born Jan. 2, 1835, died April 28, 1875; Allen, born Oct. 10, 1837; Martin, born Jan. 19, 1840; Margaret, born May 11, 1842; An- geline, born March 1, 1847. Mrs. Defebaugh died March 24, 1875, after a married life of fifty-three years. Mr. Defebaugli has been a man of great strength, and although now nearly eighty-six years of age is stronger than many men not more than half his age. Politically he is a Democrat and has cast sixty-one votes 1116 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. for that party. He is a member of the Lutheran church as was also his wife. He lias always been a public-spirited man, and has by his influence and liberality done much toward the up-building ot his township. There is not a church for many miles around that he has not assisted in building. Mufus Dodson, merchant and Postmaster, was born in Perry Township, July 30, 1830, a son ot Charles and Mary M. (Defen- baugh) Dodson, his lather born Nov. 26, 1S03, and his mother Dec. 22, 1809. His grandparents, Thomas and Catherine (Broncher) Dodson, came to Fairfield (now Hocking) County in 1805, and set- tled only two miles from where he now lives. In 18-10 his parents moved to Allen County where his mother died in February, 1847, and his father was killed by a runaway team July 4, 1S62. After the death of his mother Mr. Dodson returned to his native county and worked on a farm till 1855. He then came to Laurelville and worked in a saw-mill winters for seven years. He then clerked in a store three years, and afterward ran a wholesale notion wagon through this State. In the fall of 1867 he built his present store, and in February, 1868, opened with a fine stock of goods and has built up a large trade. In 1870 he was appointed Postmaster of Laurelville. Oct. 21, 1850, he married Judy Steel, daughter ot James and Mary (Shirk) Steel. They had a family of five children, four dying in infancy and one at the age of seven years. Mrs. Dod- son died Feb. 17, 1860. June 27, 1861, he married Mary J. Steel, a sister of his first wile. Ten children have been born to them, nine now living — Clara A., Rachel A., Jennie, Laura E., Frank, Emma, Effie, Bertha and Rnfus C. Mr. Dodson is a member ot Adelphia Lodge, No. 114, I. O. O. F. He and his wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. Nelson Feth.rolf 'was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, July 24, 1845, a son of William and Mary (Culp) Fetheroll, When he was a year old his parents came to Hocking County where he was reared and educated. During the tall and winter of 1S67 he taught school, and the next two years worked on the farm teaching during the winter. Nov. 12, 1868, he married Amelia E. Bailor, a native ot Fairfield County, born Jan. 28, 1S49, and a daughter ot Samuel and Susan (Buzzard) Bailor. They have five children — Rosalie, born Aug. 15, 1869; Missouri, Feb. 27,1871; Minnie A. C, Sept. 12, 1872; Martha E., June 16, 1875; William N., July 30, 1877. Thaddew S. Floyd, machinist, was born in Adams County, Pa., March 29, 1837, the son of William and Mary ( Allender) Floyd, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Ohio in 1S39. When they HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1117 reached Jackson County his mother died, and his father came with the family to Hocking County and located in Perry Township, where he remained till his death. Our subject received a common- school education, and when he was about eighteen years of age he went to Washington Court- House, where he learned the machinist's trade, serving an apprenticeship ot two and a half years. He then entered the employ of the C. & M, R. R. as an engineer, and remained in that position about six months. At the breaking out of the late civil war he enlisted, May 15, 1861, in Company I, Second Ohio I nfantry. He went from here with his regiment to Covington, Ky., where they remained about two weeks, and from there went to Lex- ington under General Nelson, and participated in many of the hard- fought battles, among which were Fort Donelson, Nashville, Pi r- ry ville, Stone River and Battle Creek. He was detailed Assistant Quartermaster under 13. H. Bird, and while running a provision train from Nashville to Stephenson his train was derailed by guer- rillas, severely injuring his spine and breaking his hip, which con- fined him to the hospital about seven months, and from which he still suffers at times. In July, 1862, while at Keysburg, he was taken prisoner by General Terry's command, but was fortunately exchanged in a few days. After serving faithfully about three years he received an honorable discharge and returned to his home, where he has since remained. At the time of the accident to his train he was captured by the guerrillas and was taken to a rebel hos- pital, where he was confined for two months. At the battle of Per- ry ville, Ky., out of seventy-five men in his company who went in, our subject was one of eighteen who escaped uninjured. He has held several township offices, and has always taken a great interest in the matter of education, ever willing to lend his aid to any laud- able enterprise which will be of benefit and interest to the commu- nity. Mrs. Eve Fogler, daughter of Frederick and Elizabeth (Miller) Kibler, was born in Ross County, Ohio, March 27, 1827. Her father was a native of Germany and her mother of Pennsylvania. She was married Jan. 9, 1801, to Henry Fogler, son of John and Catherine (Judy) Fogler, born Nov. 3, 1S10. He had previously married Margaret Armstrong, born Jan. 11, 1822, a daughter of Thomas and Margaret Armstrong, by whom he had five children, four now living — Mary, now Mrs. Daniel Lowery; Malinda, Cas- sie and Allen (twins). Allen was married Dec. 15, 1881, to Lora Haynee. Mrs. Margaret Fogler died Oct. 4, 1859. Mr. Fogler died 1118 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Feb. 11, 1S74. Mrs. Eve Fogler has taken charge of the farm. She has 318 acres of fine land and has proved herself to be fully capable of superintending its culture. She has one son — John F. Jacob Friend was born in South Perry, Hocking County, Ohio, Jan. 15, 1848, a son of Orrin Friend. His grandfather, William Friend, was a native ot Brownsville, Pa., and came to Ohio in 1804, four years later locating in Perry Township. Our subject was reared in South Perry, spending his youth in attending school and assisting his father in the tannery. When he was twenty years of age he gave his father $50 of his next year's earnings for his time, and went to work on a farm by the month. Oct. 8, 1871, he mar- ried Nancy E. Wilkins, a daughter of John Wilkins, of Warren County, Va. At the time of his marriage he was obliged to bor- row $15 to defray expenses. In 1877 he came to Laurelville and bought a house and lot on time, not having the money to pay for it. His property is now worth $3,000, and his prospects for a pros- perous future are as bright as any young man's in the township. Mr. and Mrs. Friend have four children — B. W., Sarah O, Anna M. and Edward W. Amos Hedges, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Perry Town- ship, Fairfield (now Hocking) County, Nov. 17, 1833, a son of Caleb and Mary (Clelen) Hedges. His father was born March 4, 1789, and his mother, Feb. 2, 1794, near Georgetown, Md., of English descent. They were married in 1814. His father came, to Ohio in 1812 and located the farm where our subject was born. In the spring of 1813 he planted a cherry-tree, which at the preseut writing (1883) is three and one-half feet in di- ameter. Mrs. Hedges died in February, 1S56, and Mr. Hedges, in October, 1875. He had filled many offices of trust, both in the church and township. Amos Hedges is still living in the house where he was born. He was married Oct. 11, 1855, to Sarah J., daughter of George and Elizabeth (Shuck) Morgan, natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Perry Township in 1843. They have had the following children — Caleb Russell, Clark (died October, 1876, aged sixteen years), Eliza, Mary S., Cora D., Emma May, Amos W., and two that died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Hedges are members of the Methodist church. Mr. Hedges has been Justice of the Peace since 1879. He has a fine farm of 160 acres. Joseph Hedges, merchant, Laurelville, was born in Salt Creek Township, Pickaway Co., Ohio, Oct. 2, 1818, a son of Joseph Hedges. His father came to Ohio from Barbour County, W. Va., HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1119 in 1802. He was a very prominent man of the county, having been Sheriff a number of years, and at the time of his death, 1835, was County Auditor. The subject of our sketch spent the earlier years of his life on a farm and worked a year at the carpenter's trade. April 26, 1836, he was engaged as clerk for David King, of Tarlton, remaining with him two years. He then worked for another firm several months, and in 1S41 became estab- lished in the mercantile business for himself. In 1856 he removed to Laurelville. In 1863 he returned to Tarlton, and sixteen years later, Oct. 2, 1879, came again to Laurelville, where he is doing an extensive business. July 16, 1841, he married Elizabeth J. Hamlin, a native of New Hampshire, born March 13, 1820. Eight children have been born to them, only five now living — Matilda, born in 1S43; Mary, born in 1841; James H., of Tarlton, born Jan. 3'», 1S52; Anna, now Mrs. Edward Bitzel; William Henry, died in 1842; Leafy, died in 1861; Francis, born in 1845, died in 1852; Elizabeth, wife of John Burt, died in December, 1880. Mrs. Hedges died July 31, 1879. Mr. Hedges was Mayor of Tarlton and a Commissioner of Pickaway County. In 1883 he was elected Trustee of Perry Township. He is a member of the Masonic fra- ternity. He has been a member of the English church since 1837; his wife was also a member of that church. David R. Hoey, born in Adams County, Va., April 25, 1805, was a son of William and Julia A. (Stanley) Hoey, natives of Ire- land. When he was twenty years of age he commenced the man- ufacture of shingles, an occupation he followed a number of years. In 1827, he married Jane Hutchison, a native of Maryland, born in March, 1809. In 1833 they came to Ohio and resided in Wayne Couuty four years. They then came to Hocking County, at that time little more than a wilderness, and entered forty acres of wild land, where he has since resided. He has by industry added to his farm from time to time till he now has 280 acres of tine, well-improved land. Mr. Hoey is a self-made man, and one in whom the citizens of the township have confidence. He is lib- eral, and by his influence and means contributes largely to all en- terprises that will be of benefit to the county. Mr. and Mrs. Hoey are the parents of eleven children, seven of whom are now living. William J. Hoey, son of David R. and Jane A. (Hutchison) Hoey, was born Jan. 2, 1828, in Adams County, Pa. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common school. Nov. 11, 1849, he married Eliza Reid, who died Sept. 6, 1855. May 25, 1120 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1856, he married Leah Huffman. Nine children have been born to Mr. Iloey, only six now living. After his marriage lie settled on the farm where he now lives, at that time containing forty acres, which he has since added to, and now owns sixty-three acres of good, well-improved land. During the late war he enlisted in Company A, Seventy-third Ohio Infantry. He was stationed at Camp Logan, Ohio, about three months, and from there went to New Creek, Va. Then to Clarksburg, where he was in charge ot the hospital four months. He was in the engagement at More- field, Va., and was afterward sent to Frederick City, Md., where he had charge of the hospital two months, lie received his discharge at Seminary Heights. Thomas Irwin, M. D., was born in Morgan Co., Ohio, March 20, 1830, a son of Elisha and Orpah N. (Amos) Irwin, natives of Maryland. He was reared on a farm and given a common edu- cation in the country schools. He was of an ambitious disposi- tion, and by his own efforts acquired a good literary education, and in 1855 commenced to read medicine with Dr. C. S. McQueen, of Ringgold, Morgan County. In the spring of 1858 he went to Hancock County, 111., where he began the practice of his profes- sion, remaining there a year. He then returned to Morgan County and remained till 1868, when he went to Chapel Hill, Perry County, and two years later came to South Perry, where he now has a large practice and has been very successful in his profession. He was married Feb. 27, 1868, to Mary E., daughter of Otho IL. and Agnes (Shepard) Williams. She was born in Morgan County, June 9, 1848. They have three children — Lulu, born Jan. 10, 1871; Rochester, Aug. 8, 1873; Algernon C, July 3, 1877. Dr. and Mrs. Irwin are members of the Disciple church. Mrs. Irwin has a wide reputation in literary circles. Peter Kane, son of James and Elizabeth (Miller) Kane, was born in Fairfield County, May 26, 1816. lie was reared on a farm and educated at the subscription schools. "When sixteen years old he worked as a gunsmith, which business he has since followed in con- nection with farming, and by dose attention to these pursuits has- accumulated a good property. April 9, L846, he married Miss Mary, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Pickle, old pioneers of the county. By this union were eight children, seven still living — Elizabeth,. Zimri, Oliver, Jacob, Solomon, Lavinia and Abraham L. One died in infancy. He continued to live on the old homestead after his marriage till 184t», when he bought his farm where he now resides. HI6T0BT 01 H0< KING VALLEY. 1121 His farm contains 332 acres of well-cultivated, land. He and his wife have been members of the Methodist church for over forty years. Samuel £arshner, son of John and Elizabeth (Spangler) Karsh- ner, was born in Salt Creek Township, Feb. 4. 1843. June 7, 1867, he married Susan Delong, daughter of Isaac and 8arah(Hayi Delong. They have seven children — Ollie, Alda, flattie, Ray, Pear), Dora and Edith. Mr. Karshner has a farm of 1 16 acres and a fine brick dwelling. During the late war. he was drafted, but left home to avoid serving. William Lindsey, farmer and stock-raiser, was born May 4, 1827, in Perry Township, Fairfield Co., Ohio, now Hocking County. He is the third son of Thomas and Mary (Blackburn) Lindsey who came from Ireland about 1813 and settled in Phila- delphia. About the year 1823 they came to Perry Township, Ohio, where they remained many years, his mother dying on the old farm Jan. 16, 1848. After the death of his wife Mr. Lindsey went to Illinois where he died in 1807. Our subject was reared on a farm and received his education in the subscription schools. He was married April 7. L850, to M S i an, daughter of S mon and Elizabeth (Buzzard) Creiglow, who were among the pio- neers of the county. They are the parents of seven children, six of whom are living — Mary Jane, born March 13, 1851, and died Oct. 4. 1877; Samuel, born Dec. 21, 1853, a farmer and school- teacher in Perry Township; Nelson, born July 23, 1856, a farmer in Pickaway County; John A., born Fob. Hi. 1859; Clemen- tine May 6, 1-01; Sherman W.. Nov. •;. L 869, and Bertha L., Dec. 7, 1873. On attaining his majority, his father gave him eighty acres of unimproved land, to which he has added from time to time till he now es 210 acres of excellent land in a high state of cultivation, including the old homestead which he has gained by hisown industry. He is giving his children a good practical education. He and wife are active members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Minerva (DimckeT) Lutz, daughter of George and Sarah ( Mounts) Dunckel. was born in Hocking County, July 6. 1850. Her father was a native of Pennsylvania, and came to Ohio fifty years ago. Pier mother was a native of Ohio. She was married Sept. L869, to iiyron Lutz, son of Jacob and Lydia (Rank) Lutz. They first went to housekeeping in Pickaway County, but remained there only a year. They then moved to the Stump farm and lived 71 1122 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. there four years. They then lived two years on the Lutz farm. Mr. Lutz died Oot. 3, 1877, leaving four children — George A., born July 13, 1870; Ulysses C. and Grant (twins), born Oct. 10, 1872; William A., July 30, 1874. Mrs. Lutz is a member of the Cumberland Presbyteriui church. She has been an invalid six years, but is cheerful and uncomplaining in her affliction. She has a fine two-story residence in Laurelville, erected in 1872. George Marshall, M. Z>.,was born in Carroll County, Ohio, April 21, 1846, a son of William and Margaret (Black) Marshall. His father was born near Steubenville, Ohio, July 4, 1812, but in early youth removed with his father, Robert M irshall, to Monroe Town- ship, Carroll County. On reaching his majority he chose the vocation of a shoemaker. In 1835 he married Margaret, daughter of Andrew Black, of Monroe Township. Sept. 1, 1S56, they started with a family of eight children for Hocking County, coming in wagons, driving the cows, etc., and settled within a mile of the Rock House, where he pursued farming till 1879, when he was taken sick and died Nov. 1,»1879. George Marshall was ten years of age when his parents came to Hocking County. His youth was spent in assisting on the farm and attending the common schools. He attended the Ohio University a year, ami in 186S went to Kan- sas, where he taught school two years. He then returned to Ohio and attended the University another year, teaming during the vacation, and in 1871 went again to Kansas. He was appointe 1 by Governor Henry one of the first Commissioners of Smith County. He followed farming two years, and then returned to Ohio, and after teaching a short time began the study of medicine under the preceptorship of Dr. Black, of Carroll County, remaining with him three years. In the winter of 1875— '76 he attended lectures at the Medical College at Cincinnati, and again in 1877— '78, graduating from that institution, in the. meantime remaining with his precep- tor. After his graduation he returned to Kansas and practiced a year, and owing to failing health returned to Ohio, where he has since resided. Dr. Marshall enlisted in October, 18(33, in the Twelfth Ohio Cavalry, and was mustered out in November, 1865. lie served in Generals Burbridge and Stoneman's commands, and participated in many battles and skirmishes. He is a member of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, A. F. & A. M., and of Silver Moon L^dge. No. 440, I. O. O. F., South Berry. Samuel McClelland, farmer and stock-raiser, is the third son of Alexander and Minerva (Spangler) McClelland. He was born in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1123 Perry Township, Fairfield County, afterward annexed to Hocking County, Feb. 17, 183'!. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools, living with las parents till he grew to man- hood. He was married Dec. L3, I860, to Miss Mary A., daughter of William and Sarah (Fetherolf) Armstrong, early pioneei Hocking County. This union was blessed with five children, four still living— Willis W. and Wallace A. (twins), born duly 22, L862; Surah Cedilla, born Aug. 6, L864; George H., burn Aug. 11, L867, and Dervin, born April 1, 1874, and died April 1, 1876. In 1870 lie purchased his present farm of 191 acre-, of land in a high state of cultivation. He has held many local offices of trust and responsibility, ile and wife are members of the Methodist Epis- copal church (Union). He is a member of the I. 0. 0. I\, South Perry Lodge, No. 440. In the late civil war he enlisted in Company J>, Seventy-first Ohio Infantry, Septem >er, L864. He participated in many battles and skirmishes, and while at Pulaski, Tenn., was taken seriously ill, when he was taken to Louisville, Kentucky, II ■-- pital, but was afterward transferred to Nashville, Tenn. From there he was taken to Indiana, then to Camp Denison, Ohio, where he remained during the winter, serving till the close of the war, when he was honorably discharged April 25, 1 365. Zarn MoDaniel was born in Harrison County, Va., Nov. 1 L 1 - 22, and when six years of age came with his parents to Hocking County, locating four miles from Logan. In 1838 be went into Falls Mills to learn the trade; served an apprenticeship, and re- mained there till 1857. He then went into the steam mill at Lo- gan and worked there eleven years, when he came to Laurelville and rented the flouring mill fur five years. He then bought the mill and now has a capacity of grinding 100 barrels of flour per day. He was married March L9, L844, to Malinda Tatman, a native of Ohio. She di<-d Dec. 5, 1881. May 25, 1882, he married M. Williamson, a native of Hocking County. Mr. McDaniel is a memberofthe Masonic and I. < >. 0. F. fraternities. He and his wife are members of the Methodist church. John M. Momel, deceased, was born in J. Sept. 12, L818, the eldest son of Michael and Anna Mary (Harmon) Rornel. He wa6 married June 12, 1846, to Christina Deuschle, who was born May 3, 1^23. They came to the United States in l-.".land located on the farm where Mrs. Romel and her children now re- side. They had a family of nine children, only four now living — Christina, born Jan. 8, 1849, died in infancy; Michel, born June 1124 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 8, 1850, died in infancy; Jacob F., born July 25, 1851, died Sept. 18, 1864; Christina, born Feb. 10, 1S53, died Oct. 15, 1876; Mary, born Dec. 15, 1S55; John M., born May 17, 1S5S; Wilhelm, born Nov. 15, 1860, died March 29, 1861; William F., born Aug. 4, 1862 ; Elizabeth,'born May 19, 1S65. Mr. Romel died Dec. 1, 1877. He was, as is also his wife, a member of the German Lutheran church. Their farm contains 160 acres of good improved land. Salem Shoemaker, tanner and stock-raiser, was born in Madison Township, Fairfield Co., Ohio, April 2, 1S49, a son of Levi and Sally Ann (Roads) Shoemaker, who were old settlers of that county. Our subject was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools, residing with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married Oct. 13, 1875, to Miss Samantha Stone, a daughter of Samuel and Catharine (McCormick) Stone. They have four children — Bertha May. born May 26, 1876; Pella Grace, born May 9, 1S78; Ida, born Nov. 19, 1880; Edwin B., born Nov. IS, 1882. After bis marriage Mr. Shoemaker moved to his present home where he has eighty-seven acres of improved land. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. James S. Steel was born in Perry Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, Feb. 10, 1845, a son of James and Mary (Sherrick) Steel. "When he was eighteen years of age, in September, 1863, he enlisted in Company M, Twelfth Ohio Cavalry. They immediately went to Richmond and remained two weeks; then went to Virginia and participated in the battle of the Salt Works; then went into winter ijuarters in Kentucky, and was afterward on patrol duty through many of the Southern States. He was discharged July 10, I s ' '■.">. and the next three years worked at the carpenter's trade. He then went to Vermillion, 111., and remained three years. Mr. Steel first married Elizabeth Highfill, of Kentucky. They had one child, mother and child both now deceased. He afterward married Elizabeth Higley, of Laurel Township, Hocking County. They have three children — Laura M., Frank and John. Mrs. Steel is a member of the Lutheran church. John S. Steel, carpenter and builder, was born in Perry Town- ship, April 24. 1836, a son of James and Mary Steel. His father having a large family, he was obliged at an early age to take care of himself. He was married Nov. 2. 1857, to Sophia Koch, a native of Pickaway County, Ohio. They had a family of eleven children, eight now living — Daniel K., Samuel K., Charles K\, William E. K., Mary Ann, Lucy, John and Emma. Mrs. Steel HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1125 died June 1, 1878, and Dec. 22, 1878, Mr. Steel married Mrs. Mary (Elbert) Mulette. They have one child— Ella. Sept. 3, 1861:, Mr. Steel enlisted in Company M, Twelfth Ohio Cavalry; went first to Kentucky and remained till the following spring; then went to Nashville and from there to Knoxville. In October, 1864, be was taken sick and confined in the hospital four months. At Knox- ville he was again prostrated by disease, from the effects of which he has never recovered. He was discharged Juh r 3, 1865. For three years after his return he was engaged in farming; then went to Vermillion, 111., but remained only a year, returning again to Ohio. Since then he has been working at the carpenter's trade. Mr. Steel is a member of the Methodist and his wife of the Presby- terian church. He is a member of the Adelphi Lodge, No. 114, I. O. O. F. T. A. Steel was born in Perry Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, Sept. 18, 1858, a son of William and Barbra (Julian) Steel, who were also natives of this county. He is a miller by trade, having worked at it about ten years, and is now running the Laurelville mill. He lived on the farm till he was fourteen years of age re- ceiving his education in the common schools of the country. Lemuel Stone, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Fauquier County, Va., Oct. 7, 1808. "When he was a child he came with his father's family to Ohio and located in Belmont County. In 1838 they moved to Guernsey County, where he resided twelve years engaged in farming. In the spring of 1850 he came to Hocking County and settled on his present farm in Perry Town- ship. In 1S53 he engaged in the mercantile business at South Perry, remaining there about three years and again returned to his farm, and in 1859 again engaged in business for about a year and a half, still managing his farm. He was married March 20, 1838, to Miss Catherine McCormick. They were the parents of six children, three now living. Mr. Stone is a self-made man, having accumu- lated a large property by his own industry and careful manage- ment, and has a landed estate of 350 acres of improved land, of which he has provided his children each good homes. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Allen Strous, a native of Perry Township, born Sept. 26, 1826, was a son of Jacob and Mary (Rusledoffer) Strous, natives of Penn- sylvania. His father, in company with Adam Devenham, was the first white men to settle in this township, Allen now living on a portion of the land first settled by his father. He was married 1126 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. March 18, 1849, to Mary Friend, daughter of William and Sarah (White) Friend, natives of Pennsylvania. They have five children — Sarah, now Mrs. Joel Hoey; Elizabeth, now Mrs. Samuel Scott; Samuel, who married Eliza J. Harman; George and Asa. Mr. Strous has always lived on the old home- stead. He had 277 acres of his father's estate, a part of it being where Laurelville now stands, but has sold portions of it till lie now has but 210 acres. He is living in a large, stone dwelling built seventy years ago. During the late war he was drafted twice but paid $300 for a subttitute one time and was released by the Government the other. Mr. and Mrs. Strous joined the Baptist church in 1871. Joel H. Stump, born Feb. 12, 1832, on the farm where he now lives, is a son of Joel and Barbara (Hoey) Stump, the former a native of Pennsylvania, the latter of Kentucky. His father was in the war of 1812 and died in 1868. His mother died in 1879. Mr. Stump was married Oct. 4, 1869, to Margaret, daughter of John and Mary (May) West. They are the parents of nine sons, eight of whom are living — Thomas J., Benjamin F. (died Feb. 6, 1881), George E , Isaac K, William M., Joel H., Amer P., Byron N. and Martin V. Mr. Stump takes great interest in the education of his children, and the two oldest are now teachers in the public schools of the county. He has a farm of 127 acres, all well improved. He has been a member of the Methodist church since 1850. Mr. Stump was Justice of the Peace fifteen years and has been School Director of his district twent}--one years. W. S. Tucker, born in Leesville, Carroll Co., Ohio, April 3, 1834, is a son of Henry and Ann (Roby) Tucker. His father was a native of Maryland. Mr. Tucker commenced to learn the trade of a chair-maker when he was seventeen years of age, and has worked at this trade at intervals till a few years past. He received his edu- cation in the common schools of the country and is quite an expert with a pen. He was married May 1, 1856, to Phoabe Hudson, daughter of James and Ellenor (Clark) Hudson. She was born May 18, 1834. Mr. Tucker enlisted in Company B, Thirty -first Ohio Infantry, Aug. 3, 1861, and served two years and sixteen days, lie was in the battle of Stone River, the only regular battle that he took part in, though he was in several skirmishes. He was Ser- geant during the whole of his service. He was discharged on ac- count of disability to attend duty Aug. 16, 1863. He has a bass drum he made in the spring of 1861, which was used to beat up all HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1127 the volunteers of this part of the State. He at one time owned about forty acres of land, but has no real estate at present. He is now running a portable sawmill. Mr. and Mrs. Tucker are the parents of three children living and five dead — Jasper B., born Feb. 3, 1857, married Nellie Blackburn; Hollis C, born Aug. 15, 1858, married Clara Fox; Sarah S., born May 20, 1860, died June 4, 1871; Bittie E.,born Feb. 17, 1862, died Oct. 1, 1863; Ella S., born March 9, 1866; James Henry, born April 25, 1873, died Feb. 27, 1878. John Lew is Wagner, merchant, South Perry, was born in Muhlhau- sen, Prussia, Sept. 11, 1824, a son of John Andrew and Susanna (Karschner) Wagner. His youth was spent in attending the citizens' school of his native city. At the age of fourteen years he left school and went to learn the locksmith's trade, serving an apprenticeship of three years, after which he spent five years in traveling through the principal cities of Europe as journeyman. In 1848 he, with his father's family, emigrated to the United States, and located for a time in Newark, N. J., where he followed his trade until the fall of 1S56, when he came to Ohio and lived in Circleville for one year. He then came to South Perry, where he has since resided. Pie engaged in the grocery business for a year and a half, and then, in 1858, purchased the dry-goods store of Steven Grouch. He enlisted in Company 0, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, Jan. 1, 1862. They first went to Camp Chase, and after a short stay went toFortDon- elson, where they were in a four days' engagement; from there they engaged in the battles of Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, Mem- phis, Tenn. At the latter place he was taken seriously ill and went to the hospital, where he remained eleven months, after which he received his discharge and returned to his home in South Perry about Oct. 11, 1862, and engaged in his present business in com- pany with Frank Wagner. He was married in Newark, N. J., April 7, 1850, to Louise Wagner, who came to America with his father. She was born June 8, 1823. They have had three chil- dren, who died in infancy. Mr. Wagner is a member of the A. F. & A. M., Adelphi Lodge, N"o. — ; 'also of I. O. O. F., Silver Moon, No. 440. He and wife are members of the Methodist Epis- copal church. Mr. Wagner has been Township Treasurer five years. Levi Weaver, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Perry Town- ship, now Hocking County, Ohio, in June, 1818, the only son now living of Jacob Weaver, w T ho came from Northumberland County, 1128 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Pa., in 1810, and purchased the farm where our subject now lives, where he resided until his death, July 25, 1858. Our subject was reared on the farm and lived with his parents until he reached his majority. He then worked out until he was married, Oct. 1, 1846, to Sarah Friese, a daughter of John Friese, who came from Berks County, Pa., and was among the tirst settlers of the county. After his marriage he moved on the old homestead, where he has since resided, and after the death of his mother he purchased the inter- ests of the heirs and now owns a fine farm of 100 acres of improved land. Mr. and Mrs. Weaver are the parents of twelve children, nine now living — Mary, John, Caroline, Samuel, George, Martha, Laura, Sarah E. , Ellen. Susan and two twins are deceased. Mrs. Weaver is a member of the Lutheran church. Charles B. Wilkins, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Warren County, Va., Jan. 19, 1846, a son of John and Sarah 0. (Calvert) Wilkins. He enlisted Feb. 17, 1864, in Company A. Seventy-third Ohio Veteran Volunteers, and immediately went South and went into camp at Lookout Valley, Tenn., where they remained until the first of May, after which he participated in many battles, some of the more prominent being Buzzard's Koost, New Hope Church, Kennesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, and with Sherman on his march to the sea; from there he went to Alexandria, and from there to Washington, where they remained for a time, then went to Louisville, Ky., where they were mustered out of the service and dis- charged July 26,1865. He returned home and has since been engaged in farming. He was married Feb. 4, 1868, to Emma Bushee, daugh- ter of Alvah Bushee, of Lancaster, Ohio. She was born Aug. 10, 1852. They have had six children— Alda Z., born July 1, 1869; Lewis D., Aug. 7, 1870; Mathew V., July 2, 1872; George E., Sept. 1, 1877; John W., April 9, 1879; Frank C, Aug. 28, 1880. Mr. and Mrs. Wilkins are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. Jacob M. Wilkins, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, Oct. 19, 1856, a son of John and Sarah C. (Calvert) Wilkins, who were among the pioneers of the county. Our subject was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools, residing with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married Nov. 20, 1876, to Laura Alice Unger, a daughter of Peter Unger, of Hocking County. They have two children — Har- ry E., born Aug. 30, 1877,} and Hattie May, born May 2, 1879. Since his marriage Mr. Wilkins has followed farming with marked success. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1120 John Wilkins, deceased, was born in Warren County, Va., June 15, 1822, a son of John and Mary (Brudlow) Wilkins. March 13, 1845, he married Sarah C. Calvert, daughter of Richard and Lvdia Calvert. In 1845 they came to Hocking County, Ohio, remaining only a short time. From here they went to Guernsey County and remained a few months, and then went to Belmont County and lived three years, returning at the end of that time to Hocking County, and purchasing a farm on Little Pine Creek. Four years later they moved to South Perry and lived three years and then purchased the farm where Mrs. Wilkins and the family still live. Mr. and Mrs. Wilkins had a family of eleven children — Charles B., born Jan. 19, 1S46; Mary E., Aug. 27, 1847; Lvdia M., June 15, 1849; Nancy E., March 12, 1851; John R., March 6, 1853; Amanda V., Oct. 2, 1854; Jacob M., Oct. 19, 1856; Sarah E , Nov. 3, 1858; Docia D., April 9, 1861; Eliza S., Nov. 5, 1863; Thomas B., July 28, 1869. Mr. Wilkins died March 4, 1882. He and his wife were both members of the Baptist church. John 12. Wilkins V7&% born in Warren County, Va., on March 6, 1S53; the second son of John and Sarah C. (Calvert) Wilkins, who came to Hocking County in the fall of 1851. Our subject was reared on a farm and received his education in the common-schools, living with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was mar- ried Dec. 27, 1877, to Sarah- M. Johnson, b mi May 19, 1852, daughter of the Hon. George Johnson, of Perry Township. They have two children — Earnest Leroy, born Nov. 22, 1878, and Mar- vin, born July 16, 1881. Since his marriage Mr. Wilkins followed farming three years, and in 1882 engaged in the wire-fence business. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., Silver Moon Lodge, No. 440. Samuel J. Wolf, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Perry Township, on the farm where he now lives, Aug. 23, 1856, the oldest son of the Hon. S. S. Wolf, who has for many years been identi- fied with the political interests of Hocking County. Oar subject was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools, residing with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married May 5, 1881, to Miss Minerva J. McBroom, a daughter of J. C. McBroom, of Laurel Township. They have one child — Herman S., born April 16, 18S2. Mr. Wolf resides on the old homestead which contains 136 acres; his residence and stable and other out-buildings are the finest in the township. His residence was erected in 1869 by his father. His stable and out-buildings 1130 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. are large and commodious, furnishing shelter for his stock and machinery. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Epis- copal church. Thomas B. Wolf, farmer and stock-raiser, section 20, Perry Township, was born in this township April 14, 1858, the youngest son of the Hon. S. S. Wolf. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools, residing with his parents until he grew to manhood. He was married Sept. 1, 1881, to Miss Martha E. Drum, daughter of George and Matilda Drum, of Hocking County. They have one child — Ethel May, born Aug. 1, 18S2. April 25, 1882, they moved on his present farm, which contains 163 acres of improved land, on which he has a fine two- story residence which he erected in 1882. Mrs. Wolf is a mem- ber of the Cumberland Presbyterian church. William JR. Young, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Perry Township, Fairfield (now Hocking) County, June 27, 1839, a son of James P. and Harriet (Rice) Young, his father born April 5, 1S05, and his mother May 1, 1817. March 16, 1870, he married Eliza- beth Kane, daughter of Peter and Mary (Pickle) Kane, born Sept. 19, 1847. Six children have been born to them — Harriet Luella, born May 6, 1871; Darletta, Jan. 25, 1873; Edward, Sept, 7,1874; John, Oct. 1, 1878; Effie, June 28, 1880; Frank, July 28, 1882. After reaching his majority Mr. Young took charge of his father's farm, and on^he death of his father inherited the homestead. In 1869 he purchased a mill and the next six years manufactured lum- ber in connection with farming. Mr. Young manufactured brick in 1874 and 1877, and for a year or two was in the hedge business working along the line of the Ilanibal & St. Joe Railway, and in Illinois and Ohio. He has always been industrious and has ac- cumulated a good property, having now 362 acres of fine land. Mr. and Mrs. Young are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He has been Class-Leader, Trustee and Steward and takes an active interest in all that pertains to his church. In 1869 Mr. Young lost his residence by fire, but has since rebuilt and now lias a very pleasant home. His parents were married May 3, 1835. They had a family of five sons and one daughter, only two now living. They were members of the Methodist church, his father being a local preacher and Deacon. <6/fc *&, > '^ui/.< csAotWL CHAPTER XLI. LAUREL, GOOD HOPE AND MARION TOWNSHIPS— A LAUREL WREATH OF HISTORY BEAUTIFULLY BLENDED. Laurel — The Laurel Bush — Topography — Boundary — Early Settlement — Death — First Preacher — Churches — School- house — Official Record — Gibisonville — Population — The Fa- mous Rock House — Biographical. Good Hope — Its Bounds — Valleys Productive — Official Record — Rock Bridge Village — Rock Bridge" — Churches and Schools — Transportation, Population and Stock — Biographical. Marion — Topography and Boundary — Area — Pioneer Settlers —First Things — Population — Valuation — Real and Personal — Churches — Schools — Biographical. LAUREL. THE LAUREL BUSH. Laurel Township is bounded on the north by Good Hope Town- ship, on tiie east by Falls and Washington, on the south by Ben- ton, and on the west by Perry. It took its name from the great quantities of the laurel bush which is to be found within its bounds. Its surface is very hilly and broken by deep ravines and steep prec- ipices. The soil is composed of black loam and sand and is excel- lent for the production of cereals, and much of the land is very good for grazing. The first settlement was made in 1812 by three men, a Mr. Smith and two brothers named Koons. The} 7 came here to escape being drafted into the army of the war of 1S12 and located on Laurel Creek. Among the first settlers were: George Kinser, Robert McBroom, Josiah Cantwell, John, White, John Fox, Daniel Shesler and a Mr. Grim, with their families. John White began the manufacture of gun-powder, and had a mill for that purpose a short distance west of where Gibisonville now stands. ITEMS. The first death in the township was that of the son of John White who was killed by the explosion of the powder-mill. (1131) 1132 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The first school-house was built in 1829, on Laurel Creek, section 29, and the first teacher was Robert McBroom. The first sermon was preached by Rev. David Dutcher in the cabin of Squire McBroom. The first church was a Methodist Episcopal, built in about 1S3T, where Gibisonvi'le is now located. The first township election was held in the log school-house, and Robert McBroom was elected the first Justice of the Peace. The first mill was built in about 1S28 by Levi McCullon on Lau- rel Creek, near where an old mill now stands. It was a saw-mill run by water.power. The first store was opened by Kennedy Linn in the building ad- joining Joel Gibison's residence in 1840. There is perhaps no township in the county where peace and so- briety reigns to a greater extent than in Laurel. There are no saloons or places where intoxicating liquors are sold. GENERAL AND OFFICIAL. The citizens are generally thriving and industrious, and there are man}' well-to-do farmers, and a few very large land-holders. The present township officers are: Trustees, David Howdy- shell, A. H. Evans and Joseph Bell; Justices ot the Peace, T. D. "Woods, John Koon and Thomas Hutchinson; Treasurer, George Krim; Clerk, F. W. Dolison; Assessor, Jacob A. Cupp. Laurel Township is well supplied with public schools, having nine within its borders, all of which have good houses. The town- ship school fund tor Laurel in 1882 was $1,248.38. It has four churches, all supported by a strong membership. The Method ist Jiju'scopal Church was first organized at Hope- well, but the exact date cannot be ascertained. It was probably the first in the township. Among its first members were: Robert McBroom and wite, Josiah Cant well and wife, and Margaret Riarson. The church was subsequently transferred to Gibisonville. The membership at present numbers seventy members. The present Pastor is Rev. Levi Sparks. TheUnited Brethren Church was established in Laurel Town- ship as early as 1S30. The organization was effected in the house ofFrederick Hood, with the following membership: F. Hood and wite, Mr. Gibison and wife, and William Prim. The first Pastor was William Handy. For a great many years this little society, not feeling able to build a church, held their meetings in their HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1133 dwellings and in school-houses. In about 1858 they erected their present church building. At present the society consists of twenty-four members. Their minister is Rev. Mr. Wright. The Baptist Church was first organized in this township Janu- ary, 1846. The charter members were: John H. Fristo, Benjamin Berry, Mrs. Hannah Berry, Mrs. Ruth Crane and A. Longshore and wife. The society was at first preached to by Mr. John H. Fristo, the present Pastor being Rev. Mr. Wetherbee. The pres- ent membership is about thirty. The Disciple Church was organized in August, 1866, with the following seven members: W. G. Dawson, Francis L. Davis, David P. Black. John Tanner, James Tanner, Mary A. Daw- son and Margaret Black. Their present church building was erected in 1880. The first Pastor of this flock was David P. Black, the present one being Rev. John F.Moody. Its membership is about sixty-five. GIBISONVILLE was laid out by Samuel and William Gibison, from whom it de- rived its name in 1840 and at the present time has about sixty in- habitants. It is located on section 21, very near the center of the township. Its business interest consists ot one general store, kept by T. D. Wood ; one physician, W. G. Dawson ; one black- smith shop, one wagon shop, one nursery and a shoe shop. There is a postoffice at this point, Mr. Joel Gibison being the present Post- master. It also has two churches and a village school, supported independent of the township. The school fund for the village in the year 1882 amounted to $278.26. The assessed valuation of the village school district in 1882 was: Real property, $27,601; per- sonal property, $22,992. Population of the township in 1850 was 1,126; 1860, 1,322; 1870, 1,343, and in 1880, 1,292, show- ing a slight falling off. The assessed valuation in 1882 was: Real estate, $159,660; personal property, $18,404, a total of $208,064. ROCK HOUSE. a wall of massive granite rock rising to the height of 166 feet, covered here and there with fern and moss. It is a veritable rock house resting upon pillars of sandstone, about midway between the ravine below and the top of the rock-bluff, and behind those pillars a large room, perhaps a hundred feet long, thirty feet wide, and about the same height, rising like the roof of a house, 1134 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. highest in the center. The massive oak, the tall and graceful pine, and their less renowned wooded brothers ; the bold bluffs, the deep ravines with the rock bottoms and pearly streams; the laurel, and the moss and fern clinging in their soft embrace to the points of jutting rock — all these make a sight wonderful to behold and stand out in living reality of a masterpiece of Nature's work. From the top of the cliff you can look down on the top of the loftiest trees. The shelving rock is a resting place; the deep ravine is gloomy and has a weird-like appearance in the evening twilight. BIOGRAPHICAL. James Berry was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, Nov. 15, 1S30. His father, Benjamin Berry, was an old pioneer of that county, but when James was ten years of age came to Hocking County and located in Laurel Township. James spent his early life on the farm and in attending school, and when sixteen years of age he commenced teaching school, an occupation he followed the greater part of twenty-two years. In 1874 he purchased the farm where he now resides. He has ninety acres of land on sec- tion 7, Laurel Township, with a good residence and farm build- ings. He was married when nineteen years of age to Mary Sulli- van, a native of Tuscarawas County, Ohio. They had six chil- dren, only one now living — Susanna E. Mrs. Berry died Sept. 3, 1864. Sept. 19, 1S65, Mr. Berry married Jane L. Marshall, a native of Carroll County, Ohio. Politically Mr. Berry is a Repub- lican. During the late war he served four months in Company I, One Hundred and Fifty-first Ohio Infantry. He has held the offices of Township Trustee and Assessor. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. Rev. D. P. Black, son of David and Mary Black, is a native of Perry County, Ohio, born June 1, 1833. He was the fifth of a family of nine children, and his early life was spent on the home farm, and when eighteen years of age he went into Deavertown, Morgan County, where he worked at the carpenter's trade five years. In the month of April, 1856, he went into Muskingum County and lived nine years in that county. He came to Hocking County in 1865 and resided in Benton Township until two years ago, when he purchased a portable saw-mill' of twenty-five horse-power which he and his two sons are now operating in Laurel Township. He was married to'Oney S. Sowers, of Muskingum County, April 6, 1856. They have a family of five children — DeAVitt C, Addie, Caroline, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1135 Job S. and Rachel. Rev. Black is a member of the, Disciple church, in which he has labored, as a preacher of the gospel for sev- enteen years. John Brehm, son of George and Margaret (Myer) Brehm, is a native of Franklin County, Pa., born Aug. 22, 1803. In 1810 his parents removed to Perry County, Ohio, near Somerset, where he was reared and educated. He was married in 1828 to Dorothy Snook. They had a family of five children, only three now living — Margaret, Mary and John. Mrs. Brehm died, and in 1839 Mr. Brehm married Margaret Marshall. They had two children, only one now living — Hun. George Brehm, Mayor of Logan. Mr. Brehm married for his third wife, in 1873, Rachel Crawford. When he came to his present farm it was all wild land, but he now has 172 acres of finely cultivated land with good farm buildings, his residence being on section 31. He has been a member of the Baptist church forty years. Politically he is a Democrat. Charles Cupp, son of Christopher Cupp, is a native of Licking County, Ohio, born Dec. 7, 1821. When eight years of age his parents moved to Fairfield County, where he lived till eighteen years of age. He was reared a farmer and received a common- school education. He came to Hocking County in 1842, and located in Laurel Township. In 1S50 he bought the farm where he now resides, on section 27. At that time it was wild timbersd land, but now he has 205 acres of tine well-cultivated land. Julv 8, 1816, he married Mary Ann Hood, who died Jan. 17, 1847. Jan. 20, 1818, he married Deborah Hood, a sister of his first wife. They have five children — John C, Jacob A., Charles W., Clarissa E. and George W. Politically Mr. Cupp is a Democrat. He has held the offices of Township Treasurer and Justice of the Peace. lie is a member of the Protestant Methodist church. IT. G. Dawson, M. D., son of Thomas and Nancy Ann (Moore) Dawson, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, June 3, 1838. When he was tour years old his parents moved to Morgan County, where he was reared and educated. When he was twenty-three years of age he commenced reading medicine with Dr. W. II. Ilolden, Millertown, Perry Co., Ohio; was with hitn three years; took a course in Starling Medical College in 1864-65, and in 1865, located at Gibisonville, and commenced practicing medicine, where he has built up a large and successful practice. He is living on a tarm adjoining the village where be has a good residence and is surrounded with all the comforts of a home. He was married 1136 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Aug. 28, 1862, to Mary A. Tanner, of Morgan County. Three children have been born to them — Elmer A., Lillie M. and Will- iam T. Mrs. Dawson died Sept. 13, 1881. Dr. Dawson received a diploma from Columbus Medical College in March, 1881. Dr. Dawson is a member of the Christian church. He has been a Republican since old enough to vote. He belongs to Logan Lodge, I. O. O. F. In 1867 he lost by fire his residence, medicine goods and a fine library. He is now living with his children and conducting a lucrative practice. L. C. Friend, a native of Laurel Township, was born July 5, 1814. His father, Aaron Friend, is also a native of this township. During the late war he enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Fifty-first Ohio Infantry, and served 100 days. He then enlisted, January, 1864, in Company B, One Hundred and Ninety-first Ohio Infantry and served a year. He was married Nov. 17, 1867, to Hannah E. Odell. They have three children — Eliza Jane, Me- lissa M. and Clara Nevada. Mr. Friend has a fine farm of 175 acres on section 8, with a two- story residence and good farm buildings, where he has resided since 1868. Politically he is a Republican. John Geiger, a native of Maryland, born in the city of Balti- more, Dec. 19, 1810, was a son of John Geiger, a native of France. In 1821 his parents came to Ohio and located in Morgan County, where he was reared. He was married when twenty-seven years of age to Mary T. Busgoon. They have six children — James, Phillip, William, Mary Ann, Julian and Francis. Mr. Geiger came to Laurel Township in 1818 and located on section 24, where he still resides. He has 200 acres of highly cultivated land, with a good residence and farm buildings. Politically he is a Demo- crat, lie has been Justice of the Peace six years. He is a mem- ber of the Catholic church. Joel Gibison is a native of Monmouth County, N. J., born Sept. 22, 1807, a son of Samuel and Mary (Ilendrickson) Gibison. When he was eleven years old his parents came to Ohio and lo- cated in Pickaway County. In 1826 he came to Laurel Township, and in 1849 bought the farm where he now resides. He was mar- ried March 13, 1828, to Elizabeth Friend, of this county. They had three children — Mary Ann, Elizabeth and Eliza. He was mar- ried to his second wife, Mrs. Susan Judy in 1836. She died ih 1872. March 7, 1875, he married Almira Keller, of this town- ship. They have three children — William, Nevada and Joel. Mr. Gibison is politically a Republican, and has served his township as HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1137 Constable. Township Trustee, Treasurer and Justice of the Peace. He is a member of the United Brethren church. He has seventy- three acres of fine, well-cultivated land. D. W. Howdy shell, son of Samuel and Sylva Howdyshell, is a native of Falls Township, Hocking County, Ohio, born May 2, 1843. "When he was three months old his parents moved to Perry County? Ohio, where he was reared, spending his boyhood days in assisting on the farm and attending the common school. When twenty-two years of age he came to Hocking County, and located in Laurel Township, where he now has a fine farm of 306 acres on section 36, and is making a specialty of sheep-raising. He was married Sept. 9, 1866, to Mary Jane Metier, of this township. They have two children — Sarah Matilda and Hannah R. Politically Mr. Howdy- shell is a Democrat. He has been Township Clerk three years, and is at present President of the Board of Education. P. W. Kreider, son of Dr. S. C. Kreider, was born in Hocking County, Ohio, in September, 1839. During the late war he served four months in Company K, Ninety-second Ohio Infantry. He was married in December, 1858, to Elizabeth Moyon, of Pickaway County, Ohio. Eight children have been born to them — Michael, Elizabeth, Edward, Kate, Samuel, Charles, Peter and Mary. Mr. Kreider has always followed farming for a livelihood, and now has a fine farm of 283 acres on section 9. He carries on general farm- ing and stock-raising. Politically he belongs to the Greenback party, and though no aspirant for office has served in the capacity of Constable. J. G. Krinn, son of John G. and Margaret Krinn, is a native of Germany, born Feb. 2, 1814. When he was six years old his parents came to America, locating in Lancaster Township, Hock- ing Co., Ohio, where he was reared and educated. His early life was passed on the farm, and he thus learned in youth the princi- ples that qualify one to become a successful farmer. lie now owns 200 acres of fine land on section 13. Dec. 3, 1861, he enlisted in Company F, Fifty-eighth Ohio Infantry, and was discharged in February, 1865. He participated in many hard-fought battles, among them Fort Donelson, Shiloh, siege of Vicksburg and Grand Gulf. He was married March 1, 1866, to Mary Ann Brown, of this township. Four children have been born to them — Caroline, Maggie, Charles and Emma, the latter now deceased. Mrs. Krinn died Jan. 28, 1873. April 30, 1874, Mr. Krinn married Kitty Funk, of Hocking County. They have three children — Frank, Ida and Flora. Mr. Krinn is at present Treasurer of Laurel Township. 72 H3S HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. John Kr inn, son of Gottleib Krinn, was born in Laurel Town- ship, March 18, 1841. His early life was spent on the farm and he received but a limited education. He enlisted Nov. 4, 1861, in Company H, Fifty-eighth Ohio Infantry; was in the battles of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, blockade of Vicksbnrg, Grand Gulf and Chicka- saw. At the latter place he was wounded. He re-enlisted in 1863, and was discharged in September, 1865. He has a fine farm of 210 acres with a good residence and farm-buildings, where lie has lived since 1866, engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was married Sept. 20, 1866, to Susan Rhodes of this county. They have three children— Alice A., Charles M. and Elbert G. Politically Mr. Krinn is a Republican. He is a member of the United Brethren church. M. V. McBroom, son of Robert and JSTancy Y. (Cantwell) Mc- Broom, was born in Jackson County, Ohio, Dec. 19, 1819. He was reared and educated in this township, and when eighteen years of age went to Mercer County, Ohio, and remained a year, returning again to Laurel Township. He was married Oct. 18, 1842, to Eliza Ann, daughter of James and Rachel Carroll. They have had ten children born to them — James R., Wesley M., Elizabeth R., Nancy J., Lewis A., Mary M., Joseph D., Greenburg Y., Hester Rowena and Laura E. Mr. McBroom has afi ne farm of ninety-one acres, all well-improved, and is surrounded with all the comforts of life. Politically he is a Democrat. He has held the offices of Land Appraiser, Assessor and Infirmary Director. Robert McBroom, deceased, was born in Pennsylvania, and when quite young came to Ohio and settled in Pickaway County, and in 1815 came to Laurel Township, Hocking County, and set- tled on wild land. He was married in 1816 to Nancy Y. Cantwell. They had a family of fifteen children— J. C, J. K., M. Y., Eliza- beth H., Robert M., Minerva P., Edward C, William H., Green- burg S., Mary M., Lewis A., Nancy J., Hester Ann, James G. and one not named. Mr. McBroom held the office of Justice of the Peace nearly thirty years. He was a member of the Methodist church. Joseph C. McBroom, son of Robert and Nancy (Cantwell) Mc- Broom, was born May 26, 1817. He received his education at the common schools, and at the age of nineteen entered the profession of a teacher, in which he continued for sixteen years. He was married March 30, 1843, to Maria lies, of Hocking County. They have five children— Clara E., Allen R., Sarah E., John W. and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1139 Minerva J. Mr. McBroom is a distinguished financier, and one of the largest real-estate owners in the county, owning about 2,800 acres. For many years he has been honored with public trust, nine years County Commissioner, eighteen years a Justice of the Peace; he has also held most of the township offices. Politically he is a Democrat. Religiously he has been a member of the Meth- odist church for more than fifty years. In 1863 Mr. McBroom removed to the farm where he now resides, amid pleasant fields and faithful friends. He still ranks among the most successful farm- ers of Hocking County. Jacob Myer, born in Laurel Township, Sept. 18, 18-10, is the eldest of six children of Christian and Caroline (Young) Myer. He was married in September, 1861:, to Caroline Bloom, of Laurel Town- ship. To them were born three children — Barbara Ellen, Caroline Elizabeth and Susan Doratina. Mrs. Myer died May 21, 1875. Mr. Myer moved on to the farm where he now resides in 1873. He has 115 acres of good land, a commodious barn, and is intending to erect a new residence. He is a self-made man. Commencing life with comparatively nothing, he gained by his industry a good property, which he afterward lost on account of sickness and drought. He was not discouraged, but started again and now has, by his good management, again acquired a good farm. He has run a threshing machine for twenty years and is considered one of the best thresh- ers in Hocking County. Orpheus Ogle, son of Hercules and Frances (Mutton) Ogle, is a native of Jefferson County, Ohio, born Aug. 4, 1823. His father was at one time a large slave-owner in Virginia, and was also the owner of the salt mills at Wellsville. When quite young Mr. Ogle commenced to work in the blacksmith's shop with his father, and learned his trade so thoroughly that he is now able to manufacture most articles made in a blacksmith's shop. He was married Nov. 8, 1846, to Nancy A., daughter of Anion and Nancy A. (Cox) Long- shore, her father a native of Pennsylvania and her mother of New Jersey. They are the parents of thirteen children, eleven now liv- ing — William II., born June 4, 1848, has been a minister of the gospel sixteen years; he has been twice. married, the first time to Rachel Johnson, and the second to Phoabe Grant; Elias A., born April 30, 1850, married Maggie Kershaw, Nov. 2, 1872; Mary A., born April 5, 1852, was a twin of Margaret J., who lived only twen- ty-two days; Henry F., was born Feb. 12, 1859; Emma M., May 9, 1861; Lemuel, Sept. 6, 1863, lived fifteen days; Maggie, Dec. 1H0 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 19,1864; Wesley II., June 24, 1867; Silas O., Nov. L3, L868; Cora T., Mav 7, L871; Rachel E., Aug. 16, 1873; Gertrude C, June 20, 1881. Mr. Ogle has ;i farm of 120 acres, and is a well-to-do farmer of the township. Ho takes a great interest in the education of his children, and also contributes liberally to anythingthat tends to the welfare and education of his township. His father was a soldier in the war of 1812. James Rt id, section 31, Laurel Township, poetoffice Rock House, was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, Oct. 6, L812. His father, George ileid, was a native of County Tyrone, Ireland. James was the eldest of a family of thirteen children, ami when a child his parents removed to Ross County, Ohio, where he was reared and educated. When nineteen years of age he came to Hocking County. In 1853 he purchased the farm of seventy-one acres where he now resides, which is well cultivated and affords him all the comforts of a good home. He was married Aug. 2, 1S38, to Mrs. Matilda (Cave) Coonrad. They have live children — Robert, Mary, Lau- rence, Matilda and Eliza. Politically Mr. Reid is a Republican. John Sheik, son of John and Mary Sheik, is a native of Ger- many, born duly 26, L832. When he was quite small his parents came to America and located in Bearlield Township, Perry Co., Ohio, where he was reared and educated, lie was married Feb. 14, 1854, to Rebecca J. Allen, a native of Perry County. They are the parents of ten children — Pleasant A., John R., James M., Mar- garet M., Francis A., Laura M., Rebecca Agnes, William 8. and Phillip S. (twins), and Mary J. Mr. Sheik came to Laurel Town- ship in 1855, settling on section 34, where he now has L72 acres oi well-improved land, a two-story residence and good farm buildings. He is a member ot the United Brethren church. Politically he is a Democrat. David Uhkle, section 1, Laurel Township, was born in Tuscara- was County, Ohio, Dec. 25, 1830. His father, Solomon Unkle, was a pioneer of that county and died when David was eighteen months old. His mother moved to Perry County when he was three years old and there he was reared and received a limited education in the com- mon school, lie came to Eocking County in L853, and by industry and frugality has acquired one of the largest farms in Laurel Town- ship. He has 600 acres all well improved, with a handsome resi- dence and commodious farm buildings, and is oneot the wealthiest men of the township. He was married when twenty years of age to Caroline Stroch, a native oi' Hocking County. They are the HI8T0RY OF HOOKING PALLET. II II parentsoi ten children Elizabeth A.., Solomon, John, Ellen, Ji Daniel, Era ma, Essie, Carrie and Charles. Politically Mr. Dnkle is a Democrat. D. B. Whitcraft, a native of Carroll County, Ohio, wasbornJuly 6, L841, a son of William and Nancy Whitcraft, his father oi Irish parentage. When Ik: was five years oi age bis parents came to Laurel Township, I Locking Co., Ohio, where he was reared and edu cated. A.ug. 4, L861, he enlisted in the Thirty-first Ohio Infantry and participated in the battles "I Chickamauga, Stone River, Mis sion Ridge and about twenty-two skirmishes. Hewa _"; 1 A 1 1 _< . 10, L864, and returned home, but again enlisted March 22, ] 865, in Company E, Fifty -eighth Ohi > Infantry, and served till S 16, L865. He was married .July I, 186 !, to S le W. Kelch. They have three children -William. Eiizaan I Jessie. Mr. Whitcraft has for a number of ; en engaged in the saw-mill busine . but at presenl is farming, owning a good farm of eighty acres. Politi- cally he is a Republican. Qeorg< I). Whitoraft, a native of this t >wnship, was born Jan. 30, 1842. Hi.- father, Thoma3 Whitcraft, was a native of In Ian I, and came to Ameri -a in L801, locating in HoekingC I ti >. G D. was reared on a farm and educated in the com i In the spring of 1864 he enlisted in Company A. One Hundred and Fifty-first Ohio Infantry, and served four mouths. He then served eight months in Company B, of the One Hun Ired and N^iuety-first Ohio Volunteer Infautry. Mr. White raft hag been in the employ of Gibison & Wood, merchants, a number of years. He moved to the farm where he now lives in L867. He ha-; -iu acres of valu- able land. He maki dty of dealing . and is idered one of the best judges of that animal in the county. Politically he is a Republican. He was married in S r. 1867, to Jane Hockman, who died leaving two childrei new living— Catherine Jane. Mr. Whitcraft the i ra irried Martha Sowers. They have three children — Estella, Tho nas and Em* \. T. D. Woods, - ,n oi Edward and Arminta Woods, . : ■■• of Hocking County, born Ocl 27, L842. He lost his father when quite young, and upon hi- mother marrying again went to live with Joel Gibison, remaining with him till A.ug. 4, L831, when he listed in Company B, Thirty-first Ohio Infantry. His regiment participated in some of the most noted battles of the war, an them Chickamauga and Mi-don Ridge. Mr. Wo detached from the regiment and assigned to duty in the Quartermaster's de- 1142 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. partment, where he remained several months. After the war he became established in the mercantile business in Gibisonville< where he still has a large stock of general merchandise, and by honesty and fair dealing has secured a liberal patronage. He was married April 11, 1S66, to Sallie E. Whitcraft. They have one daughter — Nevada J. Politically Mr. "Woods is a Republican. He has held most ot the township offices, serving as Justice of the Peace five years. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. fraternity. He has a farm of 125 acres near the village ot Gibisonville. David Zeigler, son of Andrew and Elizabeth Zeigler, is a native of Muskingum County, Ohio, born June 29, .1816. He resided at home till twenty-one years of age, receiving the education at" forded in the subscription schools of the pioneer days. He was married in February, 1810, to Elizabeth Bell, of Muskingum Countj\ Ten children have been born to them, six now living — Jane, Sarah, Joanna, William B. Eva and Charles. Frances, Joseph, Minerva and Mary are deceased. In 1S51 Mr. Zeigler came to Hocking County, settling on the (arm of 151 acres where he now resides. He is a member of the United Brethren church, and has been a Class-Leader and Trustee. Politically he is a Re- publican. GOOD HOPE. BOUNDARIES AND AREA. Good Hope Township is bounded on the north by Fairfield County, on the east by Marion and Falls townships, on the south by Laurel Township, and on the west by Perry Township and Fair- field County, being in the northwest portion of the county- It con- tains twenty-four sections but the sections forming the west tier are about one-third larger than the others, or are known as fractional sections, so that the distance east and west is about six and one- third miles, and from north to south four miles. The surface is very uneven and in many places rough and broken; yet there are some fine farms, principally in the eastern portion. The soil is usually good and produces fair crops of grain and grass. As yet no min- erals of sufficient imp irtance to be worthy of utilization have been discovered. The Hocking River flows through the northeast cor- ner of the township, and its bottoms furnish excellent farming lands. The Columbus & Hocking Valley Railroad passes through the township along the banks of the river, giving to it about three and one-half miles of railroad with a station near the village of Rockbridge called Millville. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1143 The inhabitants are principally of German descent, and are hard- working, economical people. Among the first settlers were — Benjamin Bevugher, Michael Plunk-, Abraham Pitcher and Andrew Crockett, with their several families. It is the smallest township in the county, both in area and population, but is the equal of any according to its size for thrift and' material progress. The township officers for 1883 are: Trustees, David Lederer, Robert White, Charles Bailey; Justices of the Peace, < >. B. IIuls, Abraham Miller; Treasurer, J. W. IIuls; Clerk, Jacob Smith;- Assessor, William Capenter; Constable, A. E. W^essenberger. ROCKBRIDGE. This natural curiosity is a bridge of solid sandstone, the under side forming an arch of about thirty degrees curvature. It is level on top, ranges from eight to twenty feet wide, and is entirely de- tached from adjoining rock for a distance of about eighty feet. The span measured from the under side is about L50 feet, and is at an elevation of about forty-five feet from the bottom of the gulch. ROCKBRIDGE VILLAGE, OR MILLVILLK STATION. This is the only village in the township, situated on section 23, on the banks of the Hocking River. It took its name from the natural "rock bridge," to which it is in close proximity. It has at the present time about 250 inhabitants, and its business interi consist of two general merchandise stores, one kept by D. W. EEuls, and the other by O. R.Huls; one grist-mill, one saw-mill, one carriage-shop and one blacksmith shop. There is one prac- ticing physician. It has two clinches, the Advent Christian and United Brethren and two schools. The assessed valuation ofMill- ville school district in L882, was: Of real estate, $27,712; of per- sonal property, S22,896. The school fund the same year amounted to $354.26. CHURCHES. Advent Christian. — This church is situated at Rockbridge, and was organized Feb. 27, 1870, by Elder A. E. Babcock, with six- teen members. Henry Fink was elected Elder, and O. R. IIuls and M. V. Imboden, Deacons, and William II. IIuls, Secretary. They have at the present time about seventy members, and the present Pastor is Rev. Wesley McBroora. The church is in a flourishing condition. 1144 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. United Brethren. — The membership of this church includes many of the best citizens of the township. The present Pastor is Rev. Mr. Wright. This church, like the German Catholic, which is situa- ted in the northwest portion of the township, presents few events of historical interest, yet they are both, in their way, doing much good throughout the township. SCHOOL POPULATION. There are no less than seven well-kept public schools in this township, and the average attendance is good. There is a good school-house, with all the necessary accompanying articles for the use of the scholars in each sub-district, and the teachers the past year have shown ability, judging bj T the rapid advances made by their pupils. The township fund for 1883 amounted to $1,102.38, In this respect Good Hope Township is showing her wisdom, for in the education of her sons and daughters is her ma- terial progress assured. The population was in 1850, 635; in 1860, 953; in 1870,986; in 1880,1,083. The assessed valuation of Good Hope Township in 1882 was: Real estate, $113,333; personal property, $107,163— total, $220,496. STOCK AND TRANSPORTATION. The waters of Clear Creek flow through the northern portion of the township and empty into the Hocking River after passing some four miles through the township. Other small streams flow- ing from springs rise in the south and, running north, also flow into the Hocking. The township is thus well watered and an admirable country for stock. Millville and Pine Grove lie on the west bank of the Hocking which has to be crossed to reach the. railroad, of which about three miles passes through the northeast portion of the township. It has thus excellent transportation facilities. BIOGRAPHICAL. Abel Carpenter, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Falls Township, Hocking County, July 22, 1836, and is the son of Samp- son and Catherine Carpenter, who wore among the early pioneers of the county. Our subject was reared on the farm where he now resides and received his early education in the common schools. He was married Dec. 5, 1S61, to Miss Phoebe Ridenonr, daughter HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1145 of William and Rachel Ridenour. They have seven children — Simeon, Eliza, Ellen, Christina, William, Edward and Emma. Mr. Carpenter has a fine farm containing 166 acres of improved land, on which he has erected a very pleasant residence of modern style. He has held several offices of trust in both township and county. He has been Township Treasurer and Trustee for several years and is at the present time County Commissioner, this being his second term. Owen R. Huls, merchant, station and express agent, was born in Falls Township, Hocking County, April 1, 1837, the son of William and Mary (Roberts) Huls. His father a native of New Jersey, and his mother of Pennsylvania, came to Ohio about 1833 and located in Hocking County. Our subject was reared on the farm and received his education in the common schools, attend- ing the University at Westerville one term. He began teaching school when eighteen years of age and taught thirteen years. He was married in 1860 to Miss Ann M. Cupp. They were the parents of two children — O. Willard and Win. Howard. His wife died Jan. 1, 1864. He was again married Nov. 26, 1866, to Susan L. Cupp, a sister of his first wife. They have seven children — Frank M., Chas. B. and W.m. L. (twins), Cora, James C, Henry M. T Daisy. Mr. Huls has held the office of Township Trustee for two terms, and now is a Justice of the Peace, serving his second term in this office. He has been notary public for about eighteen years. He and his wife are members of the Advent church. Politically he is a Republican. Captain William H. Huls, born in Falls Township, April 1, 1837, is the son of William and Mary (Roberts) Huls. The father was born in New Jersey, June 8, 1806; came to Ohio in 1827 and lo- cated at Canal Winchester where he became ens:at atoes, Irish, bu 86 Potatoes, sweet, bu Hay, tons 6 18 839 629 829 ,965 936 ,061 460 224 Total Value Real and Personal Estate $4,246,084 1880. Orchard products, bu 74,317 Home manufactures Maple sugar, lbs 4,204 Maple syrup, gals 1,596 Sorsrbum Byrup, gals 14,388 Corn, bu 845,298 Oits, bu 20,249 1,475 28,913 168.796 86,2 ID 1,931 10,016 Assessed Value Real Estate $2,578,791 Barley, bu Buckwheat, bu. . . . Tobacco, lbs Wool, lbs Po'atoes, Irish, bu. Potatoes, sweet, bu. Hay, tons REAL ESTATE VALUATION. 1882. TOWNsmrs Brown Clinton Eaele Elk Harrison Jackson Knox Madison Richland Swan Vinton "VVilkesville Hamden Village Wilkcsvillc School District ... Zaleski Village Z deski School District McArthur Village McArthur School District Total acres assessed NO. OF ACKKS. 23,051.03 19,500.33 20,937.63 21,194.18 21,837.30 23,240.50 15,505.52 18,689.22 26,876.09 23,426.30 28,101.88 21,351.39 1,363.83 1,883.76 258.908.91 VALUATION . $307,664 454,116 164,596 433.149 185,8S~> 2-12 933 111,345 143,820 367,441 370,186 233,522 267.7 79 102,081 77 011^ ( 114.770 } (56,049 ( 234,786 ] 66,417 $3,943,551 RAILROADS. There is a total of 63£ miles of main track of railroad in Vinton County, and 8.59 miles of siding. The valuation of railroad property in the county for the year 1S82 amounted to 8530,781, and the tax levy on the same was 89,622.62. HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 1173 COUNTY INFIRMARY. Vinton Count}' bad on its organization but one pauper that de- manded aid. This was Elizabeth Chapman, of Jackson Township, for which the county commissioners made provision for her sup- port at its first session in A.pril, 1850. It was some years before the necessity of a county infirmary was demanded, only from two or three to five being the largest number of paupers cared for in any one year for the first decade of the county's existence. "While the poor had been taken care of in their respective townships, and the hills or expense paid by the county, some few it was found necessary to keep at a public institution. Robert Burncs and Jonas Robbins were kept at the Athens County Infirmary at the contract price of $5 per week for clothes and board from June, 1859. Tt was not until 1S63 that a poor tax was levied for the support of paupers in the county and for a fund to invest in a poor farm. The levy was 10 cents on the dollar, valuation of real and personal property, and the same levy was made in 1864. In 1865 the com- missioners decided to purchase a farm, and contracted for land of David Pinney and Elias P. Davis, the former to receive $4,200 and the latter $3,800, of which $2,700 to the former and $2,300 to the latter was to be cash. The Pinney contract was annulled and Davis held good, the farm being transferred to the county. This, however, proved far from satisfactory. The farm did not suit, and an invitation to make bids for erecting infirmary buildings was not even responded to by a single bidder. This put the matter in a serious light, for without buildings the farm was no^ wanted, and as it stood, the people refusing to endorse it, the property was sold by the county to Elisha Whitlatch for $3,500, $1,000 cash and tin; balance in equal annual installments, one and two years, at six per cent, interest on the deferred payments. This was a loss of $300 on the original purchase. The question of purchasing a poor farm was submitted to the people of Vinton County at the general election in October, 1871. The result was over a two-thirds vote in its favor, and is here given by townships: YES. NO. Eagle 104 Brown - 45 83 Swan 51 78 Jackson 99 99 Elk 309 4 Vinton 103 Madison . ..„. 107 4 Clinton 260 yes. no. Richland 244 22 Harrison 5 123 Wilkesville 170 68 Knox 102 1,617 583 Majority in l'avor, 1,034. 1174 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The Ullum farm, about one mile north of Mc Arthur, was se~ lected, comprising 322 acres of excellent land handsomely located, and paying for the same $37 per acre, or $11,914. INFIRMARY BUILDING. The announcement was made that bids would be received Jan. 31, 1873, for erecting an infirmary building on the farm, and bids were received from: C. W. Holland, $25,000; W. McCoy, $10,800; O. W. Gilman, $9,945; Lander Sprague, $8,993; G. W. Pilcher, $8,989; Harry Zimmerman, $8,975. The contract was given to O. W. Gilman, and he completed the building the following year, 1874. It is a two-story brick building shaped like the letter L with a frontage of ninety feet. It is rather an imposing building, well arranged for the use required, and cost the county, furnished complete, $16,237.83. There has since been added an addition for the insane at a cost of $984, but as the main building far ex- ceeded the original contract price this addition is likely to follow in proportion to its amount, and will probably reach $1,500 be- side the furniture before completed, as it is at this writing in course of erection. ITS SUPERINTENDENTS. The first Superintendent of the poor farm was James Denni- son, who, however, only held the position three months, moving to Missouri. He was succeeded by John T. Robb. November, 1876, Mr. Robb retired after two years' service and was followed by ^Villiam^Whitlatch, who has proved a very competent person and has held the position to the present time. The average number of inmates per year has been fifty-five; at this time, however, there are but forty-eight. CHAPTER XLIII. THE PRESS AND OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST. The Vinton County Press — McArtiiuk, Zaleski and IIamden — Agricultural Society of Ante-Bellum Days — Safe Bdrolary — §1,000 Stolen and Safe Blown to Pieces — The Contents of Burglar-Proof Vault Saved — Contents, $40,000 — No Con- victions. the vinton county press. The Vinton County Republican was the first paper printed iu Vinton County. It was removed from Logan to McArthur, and the first number issued April 13, 1850. It was published by J. A. Browne and L. S. Bort, J. A. Browne, editor. The name at the head of the first three numbers of the paper was Vinton Republican, but the editor explained: " We propose to call our paper the Vin- ton County Republican, but have not now the proper type to put in the county." The motto of the paper was: " 'Tis a base aban- donment of reason to resign our right of thought." Oct. 21 of the same year L. S. Bort became sole proprietor. At the close of the first year L. S. Bort, J. K. Rochester and L. W. Bort became partners, Mr. Rochester retiring at the end of seven weeks, and L. W. Bort, Jan. 22, 1S52, and again L. S. Bort became sole proprie- tor, and continued its publication until August of that year. Vinton County Flag. — Aug. 26, 1852, the Republic'/ n was pur- chased by "a Democratic joint stock company," B. P. Hewitt and E. F. Bingham,' editors, and the name changed to the Vinton County Flag. May 20, 1S53, E. A. Bratton purchased and took editorial charge of the paper, changing the name Aug. 19, 1853, to McArthur Democrat. Motto: " The spirit of the age is Democ- racy," which was changed in August, 1851, to: "No North, no South, no East, no West, under the Constitution; but a sacred main- tenance of that instrument and true devotion to our common country." Changed Nov. 8, 1856, to: " Equal and exact justice to all men of whatever state, religious or political." March 20, 1856, Alex. Pearce bought the paper, taking J. T. Spence as partner April 17, who remained until March 13, 1858. Mr. Pearce sold (1175) 1176 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. out Dec. 27, 1860, to E. A. and W. E. Bratton, who again changed the motto to: "No North, no South, under the Constitution, but a sacred maintenance of that instrument and the Union." May 7, 1861:, W. E. Bratton retired, and returned Oct. 19, 1865, and con- tinued its publication until the close of that year. The Vinton Record.— Jan. 2, 1866, W. E. & A. E. Bratton took the Republican, and again the name was changed to the Vinton Record, with the motto: " The right is always expedient." June 1, A.' "W. Bratton sold his interest to "W. E., who sold Jan. 3, 1867, to Ruth C. Bratton. E. A. Bratton was editor during all these changes except the year 1866. Aug. 22, 1867, John T. Raper and ~W. H. H. Robinson purchased the office and restored it to its original politics. Aug. 27, 1868, John T. Raper bought out his partner and continued its publication until Nov. 23, 1876, during which time it did not miss publication one week, neither did they issue a hall sheet, although the publishers were sometimes put to their wits ends to get out the paper. One case particularly deserves mention. During six weeks, while the hundred days' men were out in the service, Mrs. Ruth C. Bratton did all the work of the office except such assistance as her husband, who knew nothing ot the business, was able to render in doing the presswork. Mr. Raper sold the paper on the date above mentioned to Mr. A. Barleon, its present owner. For the past three years Mr. Barleon has been assisted in the office duties by J. Ira Bell, and they have thus far been successful in giving to the reading public of Vinton County a good local paper, and ably presented to them the teachings ot their party. They have now many warm friends in this commu- nity who are always cordially greeted whenever they enter the " sanctum " of the Record. McArthur Republican. — Dec. 10, 1852, the Bort Brothers com- menced the publication of this paper. It advocated the principles of the Whig party, and had for its motto the old motto of the Vin- ton County Republican: " 'Tis a base abandonment of reason to resign the right of thought." Dec. 9, 1853, L. S. Bort withdrew, and L. W. Bort became editor and proprietor. March 3, 1S54, the Republican was discontinued for good and sufficient reason, as stated by Mr. Bort, that he was losing over $600 per year by its publication. He said in lii< valedictory that he had " 424 subscrib- ers, thirty of whom were real, the remainder only professional." McArthur Herald. — June 2, 1S54. George Fultz and A. G. Hard revived the old Republican under the name of the McArthur Her- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1177 » aid, they having rented the office for one year, and suspended May 17, 1855, to relit and refurnish the office for the publication of the Mineral Region Herald. This paper made its appearance July 14, 1855, A. G. Hard, printer; W. L. Edmiston and T. Wells Stan- ley, editors. May 26, 1856, Mr. Stanley retired, leaving Mr. Edmis- ton in full charge of the paper. It suspended publication during the summer of 1857. Mc Arthur Journal. — Aug. 4, 1856, John W. McBeth revived the Mineral Region Herald and changed its name to the McAr- thur Journal, having for its motto, " Pledged but to truth, to liberty and law, No favor sways us and no fear shall drive." From Aug. 7 to Nov. 21, 1862, the paper was discontinued, while Mr. McBeth was in the army, publication being resumed on the last mentioned date. He continued the paper until the time of his death, which occurred in the beginning of 1863. Mc Arthur Register. — J. G. Gibson revived the Journal, April 23, 1863, under the name of the McArthur Register, with the motto, " One flag, one country, one destiny." Sept. 1, 1865, Mr. Gibson severed his connection with the paper, and H. S.Suther- land appeared as publisher, with Captain H. C. Jones, editor, and Captain J. J. McDowell, assistant, the intention being to suspend publication at the close of the fall political campaign, and accord- ingly, Oct. 26, 1865, the paper suspended. Zaleski Herald. — The Zaleski company bought the material of the Register, moved it to Zaleski and leased it to W. L. Edmiston r who commenced the publication of the Zaleski Herald, Feb. 11, 1866. Feb. 7, 1867, W. E. and Ruth C. Bratton succeeded him, and commenced the publication of the Zaleski Echo. The Echo was a neutral paper and its publication only continued for about a year and a half under their supervision, and was purchased Oct. 18, 1868, by A. W. and E. A. Bratton, who continued its publica- tion till June 10, 1869, when E. A. Bratton retired from the firm and the name was changed to the Vinton Democrat. Its politics were also changed to Democratic as its name would indicate. Sept. 19, 1869, it ceased publication, and July 14, 1870, the material was purchased and added to the office of the Vinton Record. Thus ended up its eighteen years of doubtful existence. The Democratic Enquirer made its first appearance Jan. 24, 1S67, J. W. Bowen, editor and publisher. The venture grew out of the disaffection of some Democrats with the Bratton Brothers 1178 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. for renting out two columns of their paper (the Democratic organ) to Captain H. C. Jones, for the use of the Republican party. By the subsequent sale of the Record, Aug. 22, 1S67, the Enquirer became the recognized organ of its party, and as such is published at the present time, with Mr. Bowen still at its helm. The Literary Gem made its appearance May 1, 1867, with D. F. Shriner, publisher, and L. D. Martin, John C. Pugh, and C. M. Sage as editors. It was a semi-monthly, and made the fourth paper in the county at that time. Only three numbers were issued when it quietly subsided. The Raccoon Reporter was established in 1868, at Zaleski, by Major E. A. Bratton. It was printed at the office ofthe Echo. It was intended to aid in securing the navigation of the Raccoon River, and disappeared after a short period of irregular publication. The Christian Witness. — Jan. 23, 1873, J. W. Bowen became the publisher of the above-named paper, which was edited by Elder J. V. B. Flack, with the editorial office at Haynesville, Clinton Co., Mo. This paper advocated the principles of the Christian Union Church. Mr. Bowen continued to publish the paper here until Jan. 13, 1877, at which time the paper was discontinued here, and moved to another place of publication. The Hamden Leader was established Dec. 24, 187-4. by J. W. Bowen, as a strictly independent paper, with the motto, "The greatest good to the greatest number.'- Feb. 10, 1876, F. Mont Small wood became the editor, and continued in charge of the " sanctum" until the paper was discontinued, Dec. 5, 1878. Mc Arthur Journal. — The first copy of the Journal was issued Aug. 14, 1879, with Brown, Bray & Co. as publishers, and M. M. Cherry and E. B. Drake in the editorial department. The Jowrnal advocated the principles of the Republican party. Dec. 14, 1879, M. M. Cherry became its sole editor by the withdrawal of Mr. Drake. Jan. 8, 1S80, the firm name of A. W. Brown & Co. ap- pears as the publishers, and April 22, 1880, J. Ira Bell became editor, Mr. Cherry resigning on account of other business. June 24, 1880, Mr. Bell resigned to accept a position with the Vinton Record, and again Mr. Cherry assumed the editorial duties. April 14, 1880, the paper was purchased by Hugh -I. Savage & Co., who published the paper with W. M. Entler as editor. June 30, 1881, the name was changed to the Vinton County Democrat, and March 27, 1882, Mr. Entler purchased the interest of Mr. Savage, and has since continued the publication. Upon Mr. Entler's assuming HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1170 sole charge, he changed its politics, and it has since been a strong advocate of the Democratic principles. Hamden .Enterprise. — This paper first made its appearance Jan- nary, 1880. The proprietors were: Wm. Cassiil, F. M. Small- wood and K. J. Cameron. The two latter were practical printers, and all three gave their time to the paper. At the end of six months Mr. Cassiil withdrew from the firm, and the remaining partners, Messrs. Smallwood & Cameron, continued its publica- tion, getting np a very creditable local paper until April 7, 1883. On May 7, 1883, the firm dissolved by mutual consent. Just pre- vious to this, that is, on April 7, 1883, Messrs. Smallwood & Cameron started a paper at Wellston, Jackson County, which was taken in charge by Mr. Smallwood. At the date of dissolution, May 7, 1883, Mr. Smallwood took the Wellston paper, a five-column quarto, called the Wellston Argus, while Mr. Cameron assumed sole control and proprietorship of the Hamden Enterprise. The Enterprise is now in a good financial condition, and has a high reputation as a progressive local paper, independent in politics, but untiring in its devotion to the building up of the material in- terests and future prosperity of the village of Hamden. K. J. Cameron, the present editor and proprietor of the Ham- den Enterprise, was born in Vinton County, Ohio, March 5, I860. At the age of fourteen years, and in the year 1874, he commenced to learn the printing business in the office of the Hamden Leader. He held the position of " devil" for one year, and then removing to Mc Arthur entered the printing office of the Enquirer of that village, and soon, by hard work and attention to business, reached the position of foreman of the Enquirer job office. In November, 1870, he left McArthur, after working about four years with but two weeks' vacation in all that time, to enter upon the newspaper business, and on his native heath, in the twenty-second year of his age. He was selected at above age Clerk of Clinton Township on the Democratic ticket, receiving the nomination from both parties, thus having no opposition, and served one term with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of the people whose servant he was. Mr. Cameron has now before him a bright and promising career. FORMER EDITORS. Of the former editors and publishers J. A. Browne died at Lo- gan in the fall of 1863; L. S. Bort and J. K. Rochester died at the same place; G-eorge Fultz, at Chillicothe, Jan. 22, 1858; John W. 1180 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. McBeth, at McArthur, on or about the 17th of February, 1863; J. G. Gibson, in McArthur, Feb. 11, 1866. A. G. Hard at last ac- counts resided in Nebraska, and W. L. Edmiston was teaching school in Indiana; W. H. H. Robinson is Deputy Clerk of Clermont County, Ohio; and T. Wells Stanley died at Delaware, Ohio, May 19, 1S83; E. F. Bingham is practicing law in Columbus, Ohio, and is a prominent Democratic politician; P. B. Hewitt is at Fort Mad- ison, Iowa; JohuT. Spetice went to Highland Comity, where he engaged in farming; H. S. Sutherland is a railroad conductor in Alabama; J. J. McDowell went to St. Louis, Mo., where he was en- gaged in the iron commission business; W. E. Bratton is at Spring- Held, Ohio; C. M. Sage is a hotel proprietor at Hot Springs, Ark. ; H. C. Jones, John C. Pugh and E. A. Bratton are lawyers in McArthur; Mrs. Ruth C. Bratton resides in McArthur; A. W. Bratton, foreman in the Athens Herald office at Athens, Ohio; Alex. Pearce is Deputy-Recorder for Vinton County and resides in McArthur; L. D. Martin is in the Railway Postal service be- tween Grafton, W. Va., and Cincinnati, Ohio; Dan F. Shriner is foreman in the Border News office at Adelphi, Ohio; John T. Ra- per is editor of the Scioto Valley Gazette at Cincinnati, O. ; J. Ira Bell, formerly editor of the McArthur Journal, is now foreman in the office of the Vinton Record. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. In ante-helium days Vinton County boasted of an agricultural society. Fairs were held, the people turned out and exhibited themselves and such stock, grain, vegetables and works of art as they had at hand, and it was a few days of pleasure that was heart- ily enjoyed, and gave a new inspiration to life. If this society ever held more than nine fairs the writer has been unable to find the record, but while the fairs have disappeared the ground still lies out of doors with the same fence standing up in places as a monu- ment of an unfortunate failure. June 1,^1872, an effort was made to organize and carry out to success an agricultural and mechanical association. A meeting was called at the above date and resulted in the formation of a company, and the election of officers was as follows: President, Benoni Hixon; Vice-President, E. A. Bratton. Managers: Will- iam Bray, Elk Township; L. A. Atwood, Richland Township; T. M. Bray, Clinton Township; Benjamin Hawk, Wilkesville Town- ship; John Calvin, Vinton Township; Robert Thompson, Madison HISTORY" OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1181 Township; George R. Bell, Knox Township; Thomas Magee, Brown Township; John Bray, Swan Township; R. S. Barnhill, Jackson Township; S. H. Haynes, Eagle Township; M. H. Walker, Harri- son Township. This seemed to have been the Alpha and Omega of this move to inaugurate an association. POPULATION OF VINTON COUNTY BY TOWNSHIPS. When Vinton County was organized the following municipal townships, already independent divisions of their respective coun- ties, were united to form the county of Vinton, to wit: From Athens County, Elk, Vinton and Brown, to the last of which had been added two tiers, or one-third of Lee Township, ot the same county; from Hocking County, Jackson, Swan, and Brown; from Jackson, Richland and Clinton; from Ross, Harrison and Eagle; from Gallia, Wilkesville. Tiie population of these townships in 1850, was: Elk, 1,645; Brown, of Athens, 648: Vinton, 460; Jackson, 835; Swan, 1,139; Brown, of Hocking, 439; Harrison, 580; Eagle, 476; Richland, 1,193; Clinton, 880; Wilkesville, 1,037; total, 9,338. Of this total population each of the following counties contributed as follows: Athens County, 2,753; Hocking, 2,413; Jackson, 2,079; Ross, 1,056; Gallia, 1,037; total, 9,338. In the organization the two townships named "Brown" were called North and South, respectively. This did not long remain. Brown Township, of Athens County, having one third of Lee attached, gave it eight miles east and west by six miles north and south. In December, 1850, the citizens of the east half of the township petitioned for the organization of a new township to be called "Knox," which was granted, and which left South Brown with the other half, or four miles by six. In the spring of 1S52, South Brown petitioned the County Commissioners for a change of name from South Brown to Madison, which was granted. These have been the only changes made since Vinton was organ- ized. The following is the population by decades, commencing with the census of I860: 1182 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. POPULATION BY TOWNSHIPS — 402 SQUARE MILES. TOWNSHIPS Brown Clinton Eagle Elk Harrison Jackson Knox Madison Richland Swan v . Vinton Wilkesville Total 1860. 1870. 874 1,297 1,544 1,724 593 681 2,234 2,063 780 782 1,228 1,294 475 559 782 1,623 1,717 1,814 1,281 1,062 807 056 1,316 1,472 13,631 15,027 18S0. 1,241 1,608 1,044 2,000 1,172 1,288 947 2,217 1,668 1,095 1,131 1,812 17,223 "$1,000 REWARD — VINTON COUNTY TREASURY ROBBED. " Between three and half-past three o'clock Sunday morning, Feb. 11, 1866, the county safe was blown open. The burglars had opened the two outer doors of the room by means (as is supposed) of false keys. The two outer doors of the safe are large and heavy, and were blown off with a tremendous force, tearing off the hinges and throwing the doors across the room, mashing the counter and sinking the corner of one door in the west wall of the building. The front part of the safe was torn to pieces, the partition wall between the Clerk's and Treasurer's office was a perfect wreck, and the papers on tile of the Clerk, incases against this wall, were mixed up with brick and mortar in admirable confusion. The damage done to the court-house and safe is probably over $1,500. The robbers were disappointed in not getting into the burglar-proof safe, and only got some loose change, amounting to about $200, belonging to the county, and we understand about $600 belonging to individual depositors. It has hardly paid for engineering, and we think little Vinton came off first best in this raid. The above reward will be given for the apprehension and conviction of the burglars." The above was published in the Vinton County Record, Feb. 15, 1866. It was pretty well understood who committed the bur- glary. There had been three men hanging about the town, and particularly about the court-house, and had become very intimate with the County Treasurer, David Foreman. He had been warned that these men meant no good, but he was completely blinded. The chief of the gang was a man named JMaley Thompson, and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1183 he was always lying around the Treasurer's office. They succeeded in blowing open the safe and securing in all, from $1,000 to $1,200, but the main booty they were after was in the burglar proof de- partment inside ot the safe. In the blowing: off of the big doors, one was thrown against the side of the room with such force as to break down a partition and fill the room with plaster and papers, and the other imbedded one end of itself in the wall and the other end cut a hole in the floor, and was found standing or lean- ing against the wall of the room. There is no doubt but the noise frightened the thieves, and, with the crash of falling partition, gave them the belief that the whole town had been aroused. They has- tily gathered what they could find and decamped, not daring to stay to blow up, if they could, the other, or burglar proof depart- ment. There were cash and United States bonds in the latter place amounting to over $40,000. This they entirely missed. There had been a previous attempt to steal the key of the safe from the Treasurer, and by getting the outside door open be pre- pared to tackle the burglar proof vaults. One of the men had secreted himself under the Treasurer's bed. Mr. Foreman, after he had retired one night, felt confident he heard the steady breath- ing of a person in his room. He got up, dressed, lit a lamp, and sure enough there was under the bed one of these men. He pre- tended to be drunk and said he had crawled in to sleep his drunk off, and was too far under the influence to know what he had done, and got under the bed instead of on top of it. He pretended to stagger, but said he was all right, and Foreman let hi in out, and then retired to bed. He had believed the fellow and thought nothing further of the incident until the safe was burglarized. It was then plain enough to him what the man was there for. The men's names were Maley Thompson, the leader, a man by the name of Mills, and one other from Cincinnati. Thompson and Mills were arrested, but nothing could be proved against the latter. They were in jail some three or four months, when Thompson broke jail before his trial came off and was never afterward caught. Mills was released, nothing being proved against him, as above stated. The leader, Thompson, while not admitting his guilt while confined, said enough to give parties to understand he did it. He said while in jail they would never bring him to trial, and he did make his escape. The man from Cincinnati was bailed out, and that was all that was heard of him. 1184 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. A special act of the Legislature gave the county commissioners the power to reimburse or credit the amount stolen from the county, which was placed at $300, to County Treasurer Foreman at their discretion. They allowed him that amount in his settle- ment. It was the general feeling that the county was extremely fortunate in not being in a worse fix. The Treasurer was not be- lieved to be in any way involved, only a very badly duped man. TAXATION VINTON COUNTY — FOR 1882. County tax $16,003 90 School tax 17,279 90 Road tax 9,028 81 Poor tax 7,201 75 Towns and villages 4,020 90 Bridge tax ... ... 4,000 97 Building tax 2,000 49 Township taxes 3,899 08 Special taxes 3,018 37 Total county and local tax $06,454 23 STATE TAXES. Sinking Fund $ 2,000 49 General Revenue Fund 5,601 36 Common School 4,000 98 Total State tax $11,602 83 Total taxes $78,057 06 Dog tax $ 1 ,582 00 A -nuso CHAPTER XLIV. VINTON COUNTY IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. Introductory — Eighteenth Ohio, Three Months' Service — Eight- eenth Ohio, Three Years' Service — Second West Virginia. Cavalry — Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry — Ninetieth Ohio In- fantry — One Hundred and Fourteenth Ohio Infantry — Twelfth Ohio Cavalry — One Hundred and Ninety-fourth Ohio Infantry. introductory. Prior to 1861 the people of Vinton County knew only the arts of peace. Even the martial spirit which inspires and animates the bold militia-man had never been awakened. The solemn tread of the "awkward squad " had never broken the stillness of her hills and valleys. The "muster days " of the forefathers had long since been numbered with the events of the past, and save'and except the treasured " military education " of a few veterans of the war of 1812 and what a few Mexican .soldiers knew of the " school of the company," the men of Vinton County were as ignorant of the art and science of war as they were peaceably disposed. Scarcely a man in the county had ever seen a battalion, or knew enough of the formation of a company to place theJCorporals in position. But when the tocsin of war sounded and the call was made for volun- teers, the men of the county responded promptly and enthusiasti- cally. To prepare a full history of the part Vinton County bore in the late war would be impossible. Almost a quarter of a century has passed since the opening of the terrible struggle, and the men who bore a part in those stirring scenes and incidents have drifted away to different parts of the country. Many have] gone to their long homes. Friends and even relatives have little or no data from which accurate details can be given, so that a mere general history only can be given of the thousand to twelve hundred men who went to the front from Vinton County, and the companies that can only be traced by their regiments — then with brigades and divisions and thus, as integral parts of those mighty army corps which crushed the rebellion and restored the nag. 75 . (1185) 1186 HISTORY OF HOCKING. VALLEY. EIGHTEENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY THREE MONTHS' SERVICE. April 18, 1861, James L. Aikin, a young attorney of McArthur, prepared an " enlistment paper," and signed it as a " volunteer sol- dier." William J. Rannells was the second man to enlist, but there was no hesitancy on the part of the people, and on the 20th of April the company was more than up to the maximum. These people — farmers, laborers, furnace men, artisans, business men gen- erally — came from all parts of the country and represented all classes of society, all political parties and all religious denomina- tions. They enlisted for three months and organized the company by electing Judson W. Caldwell (a Mexican soldier) as Captain; Henry S. Hamilton, First Lieutenant, and Alex. Pearce, Second Lieuten- ant. The company remained at McArthur, drilling and getting ready for the field, for about four weeks. They were sworn in by a " 'Squire," but not mustered in until May 28, 1861. They were mustered into service at Marietta, by Lieutenant,afterward General, Sill. The muster-roll at the Adjutant-General's office in Colum- bus shows that the company numbered ninety-nine privates, four Corporals, and four Sergeants. After the muster-in of the company it was ordered to Parkers- burg, W. Va. 7 where it was united with other companies from Ohio, and the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry three months regiment was formed by the selection of Timothy R. Stanley, of Vinton County, as Colonel; Win, M. Bowles, of Scioto County, as Lieutenant-Colonel, and William H. Bisbee, as Major. Lieu- tenant Alex. Pearce was appointed Adjutant, and John C. Paxton, as Quartermaster. Thus organized the Eighteenth went into service in the valleys and mountains of West Virginia. The regiment served its time doing such duty as was assigned to it, suffering such hardships as fell to its lot, many of which were owing to the then unprepared condition of the General Government or the State of Ohio to properly clothe and feed the troops. It was engaged generally in guarding railroads, bridges, etc. It returned to Ohio in August and was mustered out Aug. 28, 1861. EIGHTEENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY (THREE YEARS' REGIMENTK "The Government at Washington" having learned that the sup- pression of the Rehellion was more than a three months' contract, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1187 bad issued a call for more troops, and before the tbree months' men bad been mustered out, men were being enlisted for "tbree years' service." Asbbel Fenton, George W. Dunkle and II. C. Jones bad re- cruited " squads " of men wbicli consolidated made a company. These men were mostly .from Swan, Brown and Elk townships, a few being from Clinton and Richland. The company organized Aug. 12, 1861, by electing Asbbel Fenton, Captain; George W. Dunkle, First Lieutenant, and H. C. Jones, Second Lieutenant. Thus organized the company went to Camp Wool, Ohio, where another company under Captain Miller, of Ross County, was en- camped, and there became the nucleus of the Eighteenth Ohio Vol- unteer Infantry. In the first part of September another company was formed in Vinton County, which organized by electing "William L. Edmiston, Captain ;Perley G. Brown, First Lieutenant, and Will- iam H. Band, Second Lieutenant. Two companies, C and G, came from Athens County; K, from Meigs; F, from Washington; D and I, from Gallia and Meigs, and Company E also came from Ross County. Captain Fenton's company became Company B, and Edmiston's company became Company II on the organization of the regiment. The regiment was organized Sept. 6, 1861, at Camp Wool, T. R. Stanley being mustered as Colonel, Josiah Given as Lieutenant- Colonel, and C. H. Grosvenor as Major. The regiment was ordered to Camp Dennison, Ohio, early in September, when it went into camp of instruction; Alex. Von Schrader, afterward Inspector-General of the Fourteenth Army Corps, acting as " Drill Sergeant." In November the regiment was ordered to Elizabethtown, Ky., by way of West Point. At Elizabethtown it was brigaded with the Nineteenth and Twenty- fourth Illinois and Thirty-seventh Indiana under Colonel Turchin, of the Nineteenth Illinois. This brigade formed a part of General O. M. Mitchel's Division of the Army of the Ohio. The regiment remained at Elizabeth- town and " fought the measles " some four or five weeks when the division went to Bacon Creek, where it remained until the first part of February, 1862, when it left its last camp of instruction and started South. The division marched to Edgefield, opposite Nashville, reach- ing there Feb. 24. General Mitchel was then ordered to move upon the Memphis & Charleston Railroad through Mur- 1188 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. freesboro and Fayetteville. His division of three brigades of in- fantry, three batteries of light artillery and a regiment of cavalry was an independent command. The division left Nashville in March and made a bold and rapid advance through Murfreesboro, Shelbyville and Fayetteville to Hnntsville, Ala., reaching there April 7. The town was taken, 170 prisoners captured, besides fif- teen locomotives, 150 passenger and freight cars, and a large amount of stores and property of great value to the enemy. Im- mediately Colonel Tarchin's brigade was sent westward to seize Decatur and Tuscumbia. General Mitchel's mission seemed to be to keep the enemy out of Middle Tennessee and North Alabama, to give Generals Grant and Buell an opportunity to clear the Cum- berland River, get possession of the enemy's stronghold and whip the Confederate army if possible. Whatever the object was, it will remain forever a fact that General Mitchel pushed his commands into the enemy's country by forced marches, rapid marches, night marches as well as day marches, from point to point, with a de- gree of energy, skill and audacity unequaled in the history of any infantry command in the late war. lie controlled the country from Nashville to Huntsville, Ala., and from Bridgeport to Tus- cumbia. His command had no general engagement, but was en- gaged in numerous skirmishes and small battles which kept the enemy clear of his territory. The Eighteenth Ohio was stationed at Athens, Ala. May 1, 18G2, they were attacked by Scott's rebel cavalry, supported by infantry and artillery. General Mitchel ordered the regiment, af- ter it had held its ground for some time, to retire toward Hunts- ville. This took the command through the village. The citizens seeing the regiment falling back threw up their hats. The rebel women waved their handkerchiefs. Some shots were fired from the houses, and the tirade of abuse was such that the officers had hard work to keep the men from firing into the citizens. The ene- my's cavalry seemed cautious about coming too close, and the ar- tillery was badly aimed, so that little harm was done. General Turchin coming to their support with the Nineteenth Illinois and some artillery, the regiment faced about and drove the enemy out of town and out of that vicinity. This was the occasion when Turchin's brigade "went through" Athens. Some companies of the Nineteenth Illinois contained some as hard characters as could be enlisted in Chicago, and with such men as leaders, and the soldiers feeling outraged at the conduct of citizens who had been properly HISTORY OF HOCKING VAXLEY. 1189 treated by them, with Colonel Tu renin's European ideas of war customs, there was scarcely a store or warehouse that was not pil- laged. Colonel Turchin laid in the courthouse yard while the devasta- tion was going on. An aid-de-camp approached, and the Colonel remarked, "Yell, Lieudenant, I dink it ish dime to shtop dis tam billag- ing." "Oh, no, Colonel," replied Bishop, "the boys are not yet halt done jerking." "Ish dot so? Den I schleep for half an hour longer," said the Colonel, as he rolled his fat, dumpy body over on the grass again. The boys of the Nineteenth Illinois used the word "jerk" in the sense of " steal " or " pillage." This gave the two regiments the expressive title, " Turchin's Thieves." It secured Turchin a court-martial and dismissal from the service, but President Lincoln, recognizing the services of his brigade and the fighting qualities of Turchin, made him a Brigadier-General in the very sight of Buell's kid-gloved policy. This served, however, as a lesson to the rebel citizens, and al- though it didn't make them love us any more, it taught them that we were at least entitled to decent treatment, if not to respect. On May 29 General Mitchel started an expedition to Chattanooga. The Eighteenth accompanied it. Turchin's brigade marched through, and on June 7 Chattanooga was being bombarded from the north bank of the Tennessee River. Kirby Smith having re-en- forced the town, the command returned to Shelhyville. After the command of Buell's moved back to Tennessee from Corinth, the old Turchin brigade was broken up, and the Eight- eenth Ohio, Nineteenth Illinois, Sixty-ninth Ohio and Eleventh Michigan formed a new brigade under Colonel Stanley. This was assigned to General James S. Negley's division. This brigade re- * mained at Nashville during Buell's march across Kentucky. It was on the right of Negley's division at Stone River, Negley's division being on the right of General Thomas's army. On the morning of Dec. 31, 1S62, General McCook's command, still on the right of Thomas's line, gave way. This allowed the rebel army to swing around and envelope Negley's command, but the brigade commanded by Stanley stood firm under a terrific fire, and the ground was held until our reserve came up. Seeing the enemy pressing across a small cleared field, and that they would gain 1190 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. great advantage thereby, Roussion rode up to Colonel Given and asked him to charge the enemy. The enemy were flushed with what seemed certain victory, and were rushing forward with new spirit. When Roussion asked Colonel Given if he could make the charge, Given replied : "1 can do anything," and the order to charge was given. The charge was made in gallant style, the enemy fairly hurled back with the bayonet. General Roussion spoke of it as the most gallant charge of that terrible battle. On Friday, Jan. 2, the regiment was again heavily engaged, in fact it was in the thick- est of the fight, on Friday as well as on Wednesday. The regiment lost at this battle: Captain Fenton, Company B; Captain Taylor, Company E; Captain Stivers, Company K; Lieutenant Blacker, Company E, and thirty-two enlisted^ men killed. Lieutenant- Colonel Given, Captain Welch, Company C; Captain Rose, Com- pany I, and Adjutant Minear with 143 men were wounded. The Eighteenth remained in the same brigade and division un- til after the battle of Chickamauga. It bore its part through the Tullahoma campaign, and was in some sharp engagements. It also bore its part in the Chickamauga campaign and through t that terrible but misjoined battle. ' In the battle of Chickamauga it lost heavily in killed and wounded. Six commissioned officers were wounded, among them Captain Brown, Company A, and Lieuten- ant Honnold, Company B, both of Yinton County. After the battle of Stone River Lieutenant-Colonel Given was made Colonel of the Seventy-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Ma- jor Grosvenor was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel, and upon the death of Captain Fenton Captain Welch was made Major of the reg- iment. During the summer of 1864 the regiment remained at Chattanooga, Colonel Stanley being in command. In August the rebel cavalry under Wheeler and other daring rebel generals be- gan a series of raids to destroy the railroads and bridges betweeu the army and'Nashville. The work of driving them back and re- storing roads and bridges fell to the Eighteenth Ohio, Seventy-eighth Pennsylvania and a few other old regiments assisted by new col- ored troops. The marching over the hot pikes in August and Sep- tember can hardly be described; after several forced marches the command was mounted, and the men having been unused to horse- back riding for nearly three years the suffering was terrible, but the command could get over more miles of road, and come nearer taking care of Wheeler than it could on foot. During some twenty days and nights the men were almost con- stantly in the saddle, this, too, after nearly three years of foot so HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1191 diering, and it wore out the men and ruined the horses. Wheeler was driven out of Tennessee and the regiment again dismounted. They were never envious of cavalrymen after this "horse-back" experi- ence. A large number of the Eighteenth re-enlisted as veterans, but not enough to maintain the organization of the regiment, so that in November the regiment was ordered to Camp Chase, Ohio, where it was mustered out Nov. 9, ISO*. The following commissioned officers were from Vinton County. Colonel T. R. Stanley; Captain Ashbel Fenton, Company B, who died April 14, 1863, of wounds received Dec. 31, 1862, at Stone River; First Lieutenant Dnnkle promoted to Captain, died June 9, 1863, at home, from disease contracted in the line of duty; Captain William L. Edmiston, Company H, resigned Aug. 30, 1862; Cap- tain Alex. Pearce, Company D, mustered out with regiment, Nov. 9, 1864; Captain Homer C. Jones, Company B, mustered out with regiment; Captain Perley G. Brown, Company A, mustered out with regiment; First Lieutenant John G. Honnold, Company B, mustered out of invalid corps at expiration of service; Lieutenant Honnold was permanently disabled by a gun-shot wound in the knee at Chickamauga; Lieutenant Sylvanus Bartlett, mustered out of engineer regiment in 1865; Lieutenant Bartlett was trans- ferred to United States Engineer regiment and promoted to First Lieutenant; First Lieutenant Daniel Bates mustered out with vet- erans 1865; Second Lieutenant William II. Band resigned Sept- 26, 1862, died of disease contracted in the service. After the regiment was mustered out the veterans of the regi- ment together with the veterans of the First, Second, Twenty-fourth and Thirty-fifth Ohio regiments with such recruits as had been en. listed, were consolidated and formed a veteran regiment, called the Eighteenth Ohio, under command of Lieutenant-Colonel, afterward Colonel and Brevet-Brigadier-General, C. II. Grosvanor. This new organization got into good fighting shape before the bat- tle of Nashville, which was fought Dec. 6, 1864. In this battle the new organization of old soldiers made up of the veterans of five fight- ing regiments won lasting honor by gallant conduct. On the 19th it participated in the bloody and finally successful assault upon Over- ton Hill. It here lost four officers out of seven and seventy -five men killed and wounded out of less than two hundred. Attached to General Stedman's command the Eighteenth fol- lowed Hood's defeated array to Huntsville, and two days later as- 1192 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. sisted in the capture of Decatur. In April, 1865, the regiment went into camp near Fort Phelps. In July it accompanied Gen- eral Stedman's command to Augusta, Ga. Oct. 9, the order came for its honorable discharge; it returned to Columbus, Ohio, and was mustered out. Having seen much hard service and having left upon the battle-fields of the South many gallant men, it leaves a record of which those who come after it need never be ashamed. SECOND WEST VIRGINIA CAVALRY. As soon as the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, three months' men, were mustered out, Sergeant H. S. Hamilton and others began recruiting men for the three years' service. Desiring to go into the cavalry service, and there being no opportunity to join a regiment of Ohio cavalry, they went to Virginia and assisted in forming the Second West Virginia Cavalry. This company or- ganized by electing Henry S. Hamilton, Captain; George W. Sny- der, First Lieutenant, and Edwin S. Morgan, Second Lieutenant. It was mustered into service Nov. 8, 1861. The regiment was made up of Ohio men, and organized by selecting Win, M. Bowles as Colonel; John C. Paxton, Lieutenant-Colonel; Rollin L. Curtis and John J. Hoffman, Majors. It never had but ten companies, hence only two Majors. Its first service was with General Garfield, aiding in driving the forces under General Humphrey Marshal from the fastnesses of Eastern Kentucky. In 1862 the regiment was under General Crook, a great portion of the time. It was con- spicuous in the battle of Lewisburg, Va.,«in May, 1S62, and was complimented by General Crook for its gallantry. Colonel Bowles resigned in June, 1862, and Lieutenant-Colonel Paxton was pro- moted to Colonel. May 7, 1863, Paxton was succeeded by Win. H. Powell, who was promoted to Colonel. During 1863 the regi- ment was in tJie Kanawha Valley and in the mountains of South- western Virginia. During the year i't was engaged in many sharp skirmishes and some severe engagements, notably at Wvtheville, on July 18, where Colonel Powell was wounded and taken prisoner. In May, 1S61, the regiment was attached to the Third Brigade of General Averill's division, Colonel Powell commanding the brigade. This command participated in several engagements, was constantly on duty, and received honorable mention by General Averill for its coolness under fire and skillful evolutions in the face of the enemy. HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1193 The Second West Virginia was with General Sheridan's army during his brilliant campaign in the Shenandoah Valley, taking an active part in the engagements at Winchester, Va., July 19, 1864; Moorfield, W. Va., Aug. 7; Bunker Hill, Va., Sept. 2 and 3; Stephenson's Depot, Sept. 7; Opequam, Sept. 19; Fisher's Hill, Sept. 22; Mount Jackson, Sept. 23; Brown's Gap, Sept. 26, and Weis's Cave", Sept. 27, 1864. This campaign won for Colonel Powell the rank of Brigadier-General, and the gallant Ouster added his compliments and thanks to those of Crook and Averill. The Adjutant-General of West Virginia says of this regiment : "No regiment in the service from any State has performed more arduous duty than the Second Regiment, West Virginia Cavalry, and none have better deserved the compliments and praises it has received." The Second West Virginia Cavalry belonged to General Cus- ter's famous Third Cavalry Division, and was present when Lee surrendered. General Custer being at the front received the flag of truce. General Custer's order thanking his command, when the Third Division was disbanded, is as dashing as Custer him- self, and in as much as the Second West Virginia Cavalry helped to make the record to which the General refers, we give an extract from it as follows : "The record established by your indomitable courage is unpar- alleled in the annals of war. Your prowess has won for you even the respect and admiration of your enemies. During the past six months, although in most instances confronted by superior num- bers, you have captured from the enemy in open battle 111 pieces of field artillery, sixty-five battle-flags and upward of 10,- 000 prisoners of war, including seven General officers. Within the past ten days, and included in the above, you have captured forty-six pieces of field artillery and thirty-seven battie-flags. tt # # # *•*■*-:<- "You have never lost a gun, never lost a color, and have never been defeated. And, notwithstanding the numerous engagements in which you have borne a prominent part, including those mem- orable battles of the Shenandoah, you have captured every piece of artillery the enemy has dared to open upon you. -x- * # -:•:- # * •:<• * "And now, speaking for myself alone, when the war is ended, and the task of the historian begins; when those deeds of daring which have rendered the name and fame of the Third Cavalry Di- 1194 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. vision imperishable are inscribed upon the bright pages 'of our country's history, I only ask that my name may be written as that of the commander of the Tnird Cavalry Division. G. A. Custer, Brevet- Major- General. A. Adj. -General Barnhardt. Company D aggregated 117 men, nearly all from Vinton County. The regiment did not re-enlist as veterans enough men to keep up the organization to the minimum number, and they were not entitled to a Colonel. This left the regiment in command of Lieu- tenant Colonel James Allen, Majors E. S. Morgan and Charles E. Hambleton. Some of the companies were consolidated, and a new company joined the regiment in 1864, under Capt. A. J. Smith, of Jackson County. This new organization gave the regiment only eight companies, but the regiment maintained its place as a regi- ment on the rolls of the volunteer cavalry, and its place in the brigade and division, and its identity among the grand army of heroes that made such men as Sheridan and. Custer famous. The regiment was mustered out June 30, 1S65. The following commis- sioned officers were from Vinton County: Captain H. G. Hamilton, resigned, date unknown; First Lieutenant, George W. Snyder, resigned Feb. 24, 1863; Second Lieutenant, Edwin S. Morgan, promoted to Captain Company K, promoted to Major, mustered out with regiment; Alex. Ward, First Sergeant, Company D, promoted to First Lieutenant, Compan}' A, mustered out with reg- iment; Joseph Amkrom, promoted to Captain, Company G, trans- ferred to Company E, mustered out with regiment; First Sergeant, W. S. McLanahan, promoted to Second Lieutenant Company D, and mustered out with regiment. It speaks well for Vinton County that while it had but one com- pany in the regiment, it furnished at the expiration of their long and brilliant term of service one Major, three Captains out of eight, and also two Lieutenants; and while it is clear that the regi- ment did as much to maintain the flag as they could have done had they been credited to Ohio, it is to be regretted that Ohio has not the credit their services would have given her on the rolls of those who went forth to do battle for our common country. THE SEVENTY-FIFTH OHIO INFANTRY. In the fall of 1S61 Henry B. Lacy, then Prosecuting Attorney of Vinton County, received a recruiting commission and began the enlistment of men for the three years' service. George Fry, of HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1195 Vinton Station, also enlisted a squad of men; these consolidated and organized a company by selecting George Fry as Captain; Jud- son W. Caldwell (of Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, three months' men) as First Lieutenant, and H. B. Lacy as Second Lieutenant. This company went to Camp Wool, Ohio, and joined the Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry, becoming Company I of that regiment. After remaining some 'time at Camp Wool and failing to complete the regimental organization, they were ordered to Camp McLean, near Cincinnati, where some four companies of men, under Colonel N. C. McLean, were trying to form the Seventy-ninth Ohio Infantry. These two parts of regiments were consolidated — being six compa- nies of the Seventy-fifth and four of the Seventh-ninth Ohio. Of this regiment, the Seventy-fifth, N. C. McLean was made Colonel, E. A. Constable, of Athens, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Robert Reilly, Major. Henry B. Lacy was appointed Quartermaster. • The most of the regiment was mustered in in December, 1861. The Seventy -fifth remained at Camp McLean for instruction and drill until about the last of January, 1862, when it went to West Virginia, arriving at Grafton, Jan. 29, 1862. On the first of March it was assigned to General Milroy's brigade, and began active ser- vice early in the spring of 1862. Its first fight was at Monterey C- H, April 12, 1862. On May 8, at Bull Pasture Mountain, Milroy fought a division of Stonewall Jackson's army for several hours with the Seventy-fifth and Twenty-fifth Ohio Infantry, and held the enemy in check until night came to his relief, when a successful retreat was effected. Stonewall Jackson reported this fight* as the '' bloodiest of the war for the number engaged." Colonel Harris was severe^ wounded, and eighty-seven men were killed and wounded in this engagement. Shortly before the battle of Cross Keys (June 10, 1862), the Seventy-fifth wa6 brigaded with the Fif- ty-fifth, Seventy-third and Eighty-second Ohio regiments, under General Schenck, and this was known as the "Ohio Brigade." At the battle of Cross Keys the Ohio Brigade did good service. Immediately after this battle General Schenck was given com- mand of a division, and Colonel McLean was placed in command of the Ohio Brigade — he having been made a Brigadier-General. The Seventy-fifth was also at Cedar Mountain, Aug. S, but was not heavily engaged. Aug. 30, 1S62, at Groveton, near the old Bull Itun battle-field,. General Pope attacked Jackson and a severe fight took place. The Seventy-fifth here had hot work. The regiment lost twenty-one 1196 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. men killed and ninety-two wounded. The color bearer of the Sev- enty-fifth was killed and another severely wounded. Jan. 12, 1863, Colonel Constable resigned; Lieutenant-Colonel Reilly was promoted to Colonel, Colonel McLean having been commissioned Brigadier-General Nov. 29, 1862. William J. Rannells was promoted to Second Lieutenant December, 1861. First Lieutenant J. W.Cald- well resigned Dec. 14, 1862. Sept. 21, 1862, Lieutenant Ran- nells was promoted to First Lieutenant. Captain Fry resigned June 10, 1863; Rannells was promoted to Captain and David B. Caldwell to Second Lieutenant, Company I. May 2, 1863, the Ohio Brigade was engaged in the battle of Chancellorsville, where it behaved gallantly. In the short space of half an hour the Seventy-fifth lost 150 men killed and wounded. Colonel Reilly fell mortally wounded at the battle of Gettysburg; the Seventy-fifth was under fire every day of the battle and lo3t heavily. Out of 292 enlisted men, 63 were killed and 106 wounded, beside the loss of 34 prisoners. Three commissioned officers were killed; seven were wounded. Among the severely wounded was Captain Win. J. Rannells. In August, 1863, the Ohio Brigade was sent to Charleston; afterward it was sent to Folly Island, thence to Jacksonville, Fla., where it was mounted and was known as the Seventy-fifth Mounted Infantry. In its new capacity as cavalry it did good service in breaking up the system of blockade runners and preserving order, but it did not have a chance to forget its fighting qualities; it had frequent skirmishes, and not unfrequently with forces far outnum- bering it. Aug. 17, 1S64, the regiment was attacked by a strong force of the enemy, and being surrounded it fought till its ammu- nition gave out, when it was decided to cut. its way through the enemy rather than surrender. In this they partially succeeded. They lost, however, fourteen men killed and thirty wounded; these with about sixty men and twelve officers fell into the hands of the enemy, and were held as prisoners until 1865, excepting Cap- tain Rannells, who bought a guard for $600 and made his escape in November, 1864. Sept. 21, 1S64, what was left of the Seventh- fifth captured an entire company of the Second Florida Cavalry, with their horses, arms, etc. In October, 1864, Companies A, B and (' were sent to Camp Chase, Ohio, and mustered out. In November, Companies D, G and F were also mustered out. After the fall of Savannah, the veterans of the regiment were organized into a veteran battalion under Captain Wm. J. Rannells. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1197 This battalion performed much hard service in Florida, where it remained on duty until the last gun had been fired, and then closed its career by helping to capture the rebel chief Jeff Davis in his final effort to reach the last ditch. The Seventy -fifth Veteran Bat- talion captured Secretary McCullough, and the baggage of the ex-President of the late confederacy. In August, 1865, the last of the Seventy-fifth were honorably discharged, leaving on the battle-fields a larger list of dead than almost any other regiment in the service. THE NINETIETH OHIO INFANTRY. In July and August, 1862, Company B, of the Ninetieth Ohio Infantry, was enlisted. It organized by electing John S. McDow- ell, Captain; John S. Witherspoon, First Lieutenant, and Joshua C. Gibson, Second Lieutenant. It was ordered to Lancaster, Ohio, where the regiment was organized by the selection of Isaac N". Ross as Colonel; Charles II. Rippey, Lieutenant-Colonel; Samuel N. Yeo- man as Major, and Lieutenant D. JS". Kingery, of Vinton County, as Adjutant. The regiment was sent immediately to the front. It reached Kentucky in time to participate in General Buell's mas- terly "scamper" over Kentucky. The greater portion of Com- pany B was mustered into service in July, but the company was not up to the maximum until August. The regiment was not fully organized until Aug. 28, 1862, yet by the 1st of November it had marched nearly as many miles as some regiments had that had been in the service a year. It was in General Crittenden's corps of the Army of the Ohio, and at the battle of Stone River. It was in General Craft's brigade of General Palmer's division. Although a new regiment that had never had time or opportunity to go into camp of instruction, it behaved gallantly under fire at Stone River. Company B, in this fight, was commanded by Lieutenant Wither- spoon. The regiment lost in this battle, in killed, wounded and missing, 130 men. Six officers were wounded. April 14, 1863, Lieutenant Witherspoon was promoted to Cap- tain and assigned to Company I, which ^he commanded until the muster out of the regiment. Lieutenant Gibson resigned Dec. 14, 1862. Sergeant John L. Hatfield was promoted to Second Lieu- tenant, Company B. James K. Jones, private of Company B, was appointed Sergeant-Major of the regiment immediately after the battle of Stone River, and April 10, 1863, was promoted to Sec- 1198 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ond Lieutenant and placed in command of Company G. He was promoted to First Lieutenant Jan. 1, 1864, and to Captain, Sept. 14, 1864. The Ninetieth remained in General Palmer's division of Gen- eral Crittenden's corps until after the battle of Chickamauga. At this battle General Palmer's division bore its full share and tbe Ninetieth led one or two desperate charges in gallant style. On the second day of the battle the regiment fought behind some has- tily constructed works, and as the line gave way before the terri- ble rain of lead and iron, the Ninetieth were among the last to retire. Adjutant Kingery was shot dead while on this line. In this battle the Ninetieth lost three commissioned officers killed, and eighty-three enlisted men killed, wounded and missing. Colonel Rippey resigned Oct. 20, 1863, and Lieutenant-Colonel Yeoman was promoted to Colonel. Under Colonel Yeoman the Ninetieth went with the Fourth Corps, Army of the Cumberland, through all the Atlanta campaign. It was in the fearful charge at Kennesaw when Captain Witherspoon was severely wounded. For 120 days the Ninetieth Ohio, with its gallant comrades of the Army of the Cumberland, marched, fought and suffered, until on Sept. 8, 1864, it entered the city of Atlanta. It then turned north to aid in intercepting the rebel army, under Hood, on its way to Nashville, and was at the bloody and desperate battle of Franklin. It was on the front line in that "hand to hand " engage- ment. It was in the front, too, at the magnificent battle at Nash- ville, where the rebel army, under Hood, was crushed by Pap Thomas in one of the best planned and most masterly fought bat- tles of the war. The Ninetieth remained in service until the close of the war, when it returned to Ohio and was mustered out, leaving a record of which its members and their children may ever be proud. Vinton County furnished to the Ninetieth about ninety men and the following commissioned officers: Captains, J. S. McDowell, J. S. Witherspoon and James K. Jones; Lieutenants Gibson, J. L. Hatfield; D. N. Kingery, Adjutant. ONE HUNDRED AND FOURTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. The OneJHundred and Fourteenth Ohio Infantry was organized in 1862 at Circleville, Ohio. It was made up of men from Vinton, Perry, Fairfield, Pickaway, Fayette and Hocking counties. John Cradlebaugh was its first Colonel, Horatio B. Maynard, Lieutenant- Colonel, and John II. Kelly its first Major. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1199 Gompany F was recruited in Vinton County, and organized by electing Cornelius Karnes, Captain; Elbridge L. Hawk, First Lieu- tenant, and Samuel L. Wilson, Second Lieutenant. The company was mustered in Aug. 12, 1862, at Circleville, Ohio. Iu September it went into camp at Marietta, Ohio, where it remained some six weeks in camp of instruction. December 1 it started to Memphis, Term., and arriving there in due time it became a part of Sherman's army. From this time forward the One Hundred and Fourteenth "saw active service." The regiment was a part of the assaulting column upon the ene- my's works at Chickasaw Bayou, Dec. 26, 1862, and was severely engaged on that day and the day following. It was here that Lieutenant Samuel L. Wilson lost his leg; and although he lived some years and was afterward Clerk of the Common Pleas Court of Vinton County, yet he eventually died from the effects of that wound and amputation. Phillip M. Shurtz was made Second Lieutenant, vice Wilson honorably discharged. The One Hundred and Fourteenth was in the battle at and helped to capture Arkansas Post, Jan. 11, 1863. After this they went to Young's Point, Miss., on the Yazoo River. Here they suffered severely from sickness; over 100 men of the regiment died in the space of six weeks. From Young's Point they went to Millikin's Bend, where they remained until April, 1863, when they, with the army under Gen- eral Grant, moved against Vicksburg. Captain Karnes resigned Feb. 6, 1863; First Lieutenant E. S. Hawk was promoted to Captain; Second Lieutenant James Duffy, also of Vinton County, was made First Lieutenant of the com- pany. The regiment was in the whole of the great campaign against Vicksburg. It was at the battle cf Thompson's Hill, May 1, 1863; Champion Hills, May 16; Big Black Bridge, May 17, and the siege of Vicksburg. The regiment did gallant service during the campaign, making one or two brilliant charges, and it left in the valley of the Mis- sissippi many noble men. After the fall of Vicksburg the regiment moved from point to point along the Mississippi and over the State of Louisiana, as or- dered, and finally, Nov. 28, 1863, it left New Orleans by steamer for Texas, where it remained until April, 1864, when it was or- 1200 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. dered to Alexandria on the Red River, where it joined General Banks's army in his retreat after his terrible defeat, and endured the suffering which Banks's command had to undergo in getting back to the Mississippi River. "This campaign was very severe. Forced marches of ten days' duration, through the stifling heat and dust, and being continually harrassed by the enemy on both flanks and rear, made it almost unendurable." In November, 1864, at Morganza, the One Hundred and Four- teenth and One Hundred and Twentieth Ohio Infantries were consolidated, retaining the number One Hundred and Fourteenth. This rendered eleven or twelve officers supernumerary, and they were honorably discharged. Among these was Captain James Duffy, of Yinton County. Company F, became Company A of the new regiment and was commanded by Captain E. L. Hawk. The regiment was not idle after the new organization, although it had no severe engagement. Colonel Cradlebaugh had resigned in 1863, and Lieutenant Kelly had been promoted to Colonel. He commanded the regiment from the time Colonel Cradlebaugh was wounded (in May, 1862), but the regiment being below the mini- mum number he was never mustered as Colonel. The regiment marched and traveled by land and water, over 10,000 miles, performed duty in ten different States, was engaged in eight hard-fought battles, and in skirmishes without number. It lost in killed and wounded six officers and eighty men. It lost heavily by disease in the first year of its service, over 200 dying and quite a number having been discharged for disability. It is impossible, from data at hand, to give the •death list of Yinton County men. The regiment was ordered to Ohio in May, 1865, and mustered out of the service. TWELFTH OHIO CAVALRY. In September and October, 1863, a company of men was recruited in Yinton County for the cavalry service. It organized by electing William A. Gage, Captain; James J. Defigh, First Lieutenant and Charles S. Ranuells, Second Lieutenant. It went into camp at Cleveland, where the regiment (the Twelfth Ohio Cavalry) was organized 'Nov. 12, 1863, by the selection of Robert W. Radcliff, Colonel; Robert II. Bentley, Lieutenant-Col- onel; John F. Herrick, Miles J. Collier and Erastus C. Moderwell, as Majors. Captain Gage's company was Company L. One half HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1201 of the regiment, including Company L, were ordered to Johnson's Island to guard prisoners of war; the other half remained at Cleve- land until the return of the men from Johnson's Island, when the regiment went to CampDennison, where it was mounted and equip- ped in the spring of 1804, and from which point it started South. In May, 1864, it was brigaded with the Eleventh Michigan Cav- alry and Fortieth Kentucky Mounted Infantry, under Colonel True, of the Fortieth Kentucky, and it was assigned to the division of General Burbridge. May 23, 1864, the command of General Burbridge started to Saltville, Va., to destroy the Confederate salt works, but on nearing Bund's Gap it was learned that the rebel General Morgan was pushing his command into Kentucky on a raid, thereupon the com- mand of Burbridge turned back to take care of Morgan. Lieuten- ant Detigh was in command of Company F through the fight at Mount Sterling, and until the regiment reached Lexington. June 9, 1864, the command reached Mt. Sterling, which place Morgan had captured on the day previous. After a sharp fight with some convalescents of the Twelfth, under Sergeant Win. L. Brown, of Company L, who went into service from McAthur, it was not until Sergeant Brown fell, shot dead on the line, that the little band surrendered. On reaching Mt. Sterling General Burbridge threw forward the First Battalion of the Twelfth, including Company L, and by a gallant dash upon the enemy routed them, recaptured the Union soldiers taken the day before, together with the captured stores and a number of Confederate prisoners with stores of the enemy. Morgan retired to Cynthiana where Burbridge followed him up again, made an assault and routed General Morgan's command, taking a large number of prisoners. The Twelfth Ohio Cavalry was in the advance in this fight as well as in that at Mt. Sterling. These two fights closed Morgan's career as a "great rebel raider." Colonel Basil Duke admits that it was the complete destruction of Morgan's command. He says: "Morgan's loss at Cynthiana was very heavy and he was compelled to march back to Virginia." Kev. T. Sonour, in his " Morgan and His Captors," says: " Mor- gan's prestige was gone, and from this time (the Cynthiana fight) he sinks out of light as the worst whipped rebel General ever sent on a raiding expedition." President Lincoln telegraphed his thanks to General Burbridge and his command. In these engage- ments First Lieutenant Defigh, of Company L, but commanding 76 1202 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. Company F, led a gallant charge and was mentioned for bis dash and pluck. During a portion of the fight at Mt. Sterling Com- pany L was commanded by Lieutenant C. S. Rannells leading the company in the charge in which Defigh led Company F. "We have made mention of these fights with Morgan more in detail than we otherwise would, from the fact that when the rebel raider came to "Vinton County he did not get his just deserts, and it is some con- solation to know that Yinton County men helped to close his mil- itary career. After having cut short Morgan's raid into Kentucky, Burbridge again started for Saltville, Va., arriving there Oct. 2, 1864, throw- ing forward the Fourth Brigade, the Twelfth taking its usual place in advance. A severe engagement took place, lasting all day. The enemy was supported by artillery and reinforced by General Early with 5,000 men and the Federal forces were compelled to re- tire. Finding his forces outnumbered and the enemy strongly entrenched, General Burbridge returned to Lexington, Ky. At this fight the Twelfth lost forty-nine men killed and wounded. After the command returned to Lexington it was placed under command of General Stoneman, and bore its part in the celebrated "Stoneman's Raid." In these the Twelfth Ohio had some hard fighting, and a carefully prepared history of the regiment men- tions some daring charges made by the Twelfth. In one of these the command became surrounded and Lieutenant Defigh was ta- ken prisoner, but in the haste and excitement they forgot to dis- arm him. When a rebel soldier gave a him harmless blow with his sabre and innocently inquired, " You d-n Yankee s-n of a b — , how does that feel?" Defigh drew his saber, struck the fellow a blow across the head, and, turning his horse toward his friends, made good his escape. Stoneman's raids into Yirginia required a great deal of endurance and the men suffered terribly. Besides this, they were for days in the presence of the enemy, fighting more or less severely. At Yadkin River, ten miles from Saulsbury, they fought a heavy force under Pemberton, captured 1,304 pris- oners and 3,000 stand of small arms, the Confederates being beaten and utterly routed. The command was in the heart of the confed- eracy for weeks, destroying railroads, bridges, stores, arsenals, and capturing prisoners. It captured the great rebel cavalry, General Wheeler and his staff", also the Vice-Resident of the con- federacy and his escort. It marched and fought and worked dur- ing the winter and spring of 1864 and '65 in a manner which HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1203 seems almost incredible. One, the last Stoneman raid, our histo- rian, Captain Mason, says: " For sixty-nine days it had not drawn a Government ration or seen the national flag. During that period it had swept around a circle that lay through six States, and meas- ured with all its eccentric meanderings fully a thousand miles. It had shared in the last and longest cavalry raid of the war." In speaking of the Twelfth, General Burbridge says: "I had no better regiment under me, and at Mt. Sterling, Cynthiana, Kings- port, Marion, Wytheville and Saltville, the regiment and officers distinguished themselves." They returned to Camp Chase, Ohio, and were mustered out Nov. 24, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY- FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. In March, 1865, the One Hundred and Ninety-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, " one year " regiment was organized at Camp Chase, Ohio. Two companies of Vinton County men were enlisted for this regiment, about 180 men. Company D organized by electing John Gillilan, Captain; David Guthrie, First Lieu- tenant, and Frank Rowlie, Second Lieutenant. Company K organized by electing Henry Lantz, Captain; Wm. W. Buckley, First Lieutenant, and Anthony W. Bratton, Second Lieutenant. Lieutenant Bratton resigned July 12, 1865. These two companies thus organized went to Camp Chase, Ohio, where the regiment organized by the mustering in of Anson G. McCook as Colonel; O. C. Maxwell, Lieutenant-Colonel; H. Lee Anderson, Major. On the 14th of March, 1865, the regiment left Camp Chase for Charlestown, Va., where it was assigned to Major General Eagan's division. The regiment being well officered was rapidly becoming profi- cient in drill, and but for the surrender of Lee, which occurred when they were just ready for the field, they would no doubt have been heard from at the front. They returned to Camp Chase and were mustered out Oct. 24, 1865. ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-EIGHTH REGIMENT NATIONAL GUARDS. In May, 1864, in response to a call of Governor Brough, the One Hundred and Forty-eighth Regiment of Ohio Infantry, called " National Guards," was formed at Marietta, Ohio. 1204 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Three companies of men from Vinton County went into camp, Dut one company was distributed around to fill up other companies. Company C, Captain, Jos. J. McDowell; First Lieutenant, Han- son P. Ambrose; Second Lieutenant, Robt. S. Barnhill, retained its organization, as did also, Company H, Captain, Isaiah H. McCormick; First Lieutenant, Nathan Murphy; Second Lieuten- ant, Saml. G. Scott. Second Lieutenant Win. H. Jenning, of Cap- tain Garrett's company, was retained in service, assigned to another company. The regiment was organized by the mustering in of Thomas W. Moore as Colonel; Isaac R. Kinkead, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Win. L. Edmistou, of Yinton County, as Major. The regimental organization was completed May 18, 1864, and as most of the officers and many of the men had seen service, the command was at once ready lor the field. On May 23 they left Marietta for Harper's Ferry, where they remained until June 6, when they went to Washington and thence to Bermuda Hundred. Here Lieutenant Saml. G. Scott died. After remaining a short time at Bermuda Hundred they went to City Point, and while there an explosion of an ordnance boat took place, and some of the men of the regiment were killed, but none of the Vinton County men. On the 5th of September, 1864, the regiment returned to Marietta, and on the 11th was mustered out, having completed its " hun- dred days " of service. DETACHMENTS. In addition to the companies organized in Vinton County a num- ber of men enlisted in other commands, and were officered by men from other counties. FIFTY-THIRD OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. In the Fifty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as nearly as can be ascertained, there were ten Vinton County men in Company F, about the same number in Company D, and about thirty in Com- pany E. R. E. Phillips, of Vinton County, was made Second Lieutenant of Company E, and soon after the battle of Shiloh he was promoted to First Lieutenant. The Fifty-third was organized at Camp Diamond, near Jackson. Jesse J. Appier was first Colonel; Robert Fulton, Lieutenant-Colonel HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1205 and Harrison S. Cox, Major. The organization was completed in January, 1S62. April 18, 1862, Captain Wells S. Jones was mus- tered in as Colonel, vice Appier " mustered out." LieutenantPhillips was afterward made Lientenant-Colonel of the Fifty-ninth United States Colored Infantry, in which capacity he served until Dec. 8, 1863, when he resigned his commission. The Fifty-third Ohio was unfortunate in its first Colonel, and while the men suffered severely at Pittsburg Landing or Shiloh, and did good fighting for the chance they had, the conduct of their Colonel, J. J. Appier, was such as to cast a cloud upon the entire regiment. The men of the regiment, as brave and true as the men of any other Ohio regiment, felt the disgrace keenly, and right well did they redeem their good name, by soldierly conduct, gallant fighting, and heroic endurance on the march, under Colonel Wells S. Jones. General Sherman said, in 1864, that "under another leader, Colonel Jones, it (the Fifty-third) has shared every campaign and expedi- tion of mine since, is with me now, and can march and bivouac and fight as well as the best regiment in this or any army. Its reputa- tion now is equal to that of any from the State of Ohio." THIRTI -SIXTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Lieutenant Aaron Martin and Lieutenant Lafayette Hawk and a number of men from the eastern and southeastern part of the county enlisted in the Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. As nearly as can now be ascertained, about thirty-five men enlisted in Com- panies C and K; ten of these were from Wilkesville Township. The Thirty-sixth was organized at Camp Putnam, Marietta. A brief sketch of the services performed by this regiment will be found farther along in the additional military history of Athens County. SIXTY-SIXTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Henry Strong and Samuel Rowley enlisted in the Sixty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infautry; they marched with Sherman to the sea. ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. In the One Hundred and Seventy-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry there were a few Vinton County boys. David W. Miller and Hi- ram Hawk, of Wilkesville, were among the number. 1206 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. SEVENTEENTH UNITED STATES COLORED TROOPS. Ed Arrington and four other men from Wilkesville Township went into the Seventeenth United States Colored Regiment and served till the close of the war. ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTEENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Michael Strausbaugh and some others from Wilkesville, Knox and Yinton townships enlisted in the One Hundred and Sixteenth. As nearly as can be ascertained there were fifteen or sixteen men from Vinton County in this regiment. FIRST UNITED STATES VETERAN VOLUNTEER ENGINEERS. Charles L. White, present Auditor of Vinton County, and six or eight other Vinton County men enlisted in this regiment, Colonel William E. Merrill commanding. They were mustered into ser- vice in October, 1864. The regiment served until after the close of the war, and was mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 30, 1865. THIRTIETH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Five or six men from Knox Township enlisted and served in Company C, of the Thirtieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. ELEVENTH OHIO LIGHT ARTILLERY. John Robbins and eight or ten other Vinton County men en- listed in the Eleventh Ohio Light Artillery, Captain Frank Sands commanding. This battery was in General Pope's army. It saw a great deal of service. SECOND OHIO HEAVY ARTILLERY. Wallace E. Bratton and some other Vinton County men enlisted in the " Second Heavy" and soldiered in East Tennessee. THIRTY-FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. George Gaffney and about ten men from Swan Township en- listed in the Thirty-first Ohio, Colonel Moses Walker's regimen t.^ They were in the Army of the Cumberland. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1207 TWENTY-SEVENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Arminens Gear, Henry Gear, Jacob Gear, Hiram Gear and Da- vid Gear, all from Wilkesville Township, enlisted in the Twenty- seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Hiram and David died in the service. MISCELLANEOUS. Dr. David V". Rannells, of McArthur, was commissioned as As- sistant Surgeon in August, 1862, and assigned to duty in the Fifth Ohio Cavalry. In October, 1864, he was commissioned as Surgeon, and remained with the same regiment until May 5, 1865. Dr. H. H. Bishop, of Wilkesville, was also a Surgeon in the Tennessee army. Dr. Charles French, of McArthur, was Assistant Surgeon of the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Rev. G. W. Pilcher, of Vinton County, was Chaplain of the Eleventh Illinois Cavalry. He being in Illinois in 1862 enlisted in that regiment and was commissioned as Chaplain. He remained in the service two years. Rev. John Dillon, of Vinton County, was Chaplain of the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. In addition to these commands and detachments Vinton County men went into various regiments and batteries, and while it is im- possible to trace them and give date of enlistment and discharge it is yet true that Vinton County sent out about 1,100 men in various commands to do battle for the country and the flag. CHAPTER XLV. ELK TOWNSHIP, INCLUDING CITY OF McARTHUR— THE PIONEER ORGANIZATION OF VINTON COUNTY. The Pioneer Township — The Pioneers of Elk — Personal Recollections of Mrs. C. E. Bothwell — Itemized — Schools — Church — Population by Decades — Mc Arthur — Location — Incorporation — Village Officers — Fires — Postoffice — Mo- Arthur in 1883 — Churches — Societies — Schools — Vinton County Bank — Town Hall — Railroad Statistics — Mills — Biographical. the pioneer township. Elk Township is the pioneer township of Vinton County, and the first settler was a Mr. Musselman. in the year 1S05. He was a miller by trade, and something of a geologist. He first discovered the fine burr stone in Elk Township, and started the first quarry in the spring of 1806. Elk Township is rich in coal and lies directly in the great coai measure of Southwestern Ohio. It is not a rough and broken township, but it is hilly. With the exception of Swan, which it fully equals, it is probably the best agricultural township in the county. The valleys arc fertile, being rich in an alluvial soil. Elk Township is also rich in iron ore and in fire-clay. The Elk Fork of Raccoon Creek waters its eastern portion. Little Raccoon runs through sections 1, 2 and 12, in the northeast section of the county, while Elk Fork passes through the center of the township, taking its rise in Swan and Jackson townships, and enters Elk in the northwest and north, flowing south through the center, turning east and thence southeast, leaving the township in that section. Puncheon Fork flows from the west central section of the township, just touching the village of McArthur on the south, and running east flows into Elk Fork. Little Raccoon Creek rises in the southwestern corner of the township, flowing south aud passing into Clinton and Richland townships. (1208) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1209 ELK COMES TO THE FRONT. On March 7, 1S11, the commissioners of Athens County made the following order of record: " Ordered, That all that part of Alexander Township lying west of the 15th range, being townships 10 and 11, of range 17, and townships 9 and 10, of range 16, be erected into anew township by the name of Elk." SIZE AND BOUNDARY. For a number of years Elk Township retained her size, being composed of a trifle over one third of the present county of Vin- ton, but when Yinton was created a county she was shorn of her territory, and was made as she now is, a congressional township, bounded as follows: on the north by Swan Township, east by Mad- ison Township, south by Clinton Township, and west by Richland and Jackson townships, and is congressional township number 11, of range number 17. She has one town or village within her bor- der, McArthur, the county-seat of Vinton County, which is prin- cipally located on section 21. She also has a station called Vinton Station, on the Cincinnati, Washington & Baltimore Railroad, located about three miles east and south of McArthur, on section 26, but about on the section line between 25 and 26, and is the shipping point for the product of the Vinton Furnace, which is situated a little over a mile from the station in Madison Township. PIONEERS. Among the first settlers of Elk Township, were the Friend Brothers, who located on the present site of McArthur, but did not remain long. Levi Kelsey was the first permanent settler of the township, coming here with his family about 1802. Isaac Phillips came in 1806; John Phillips in 1807. A Mr. Cassill came in 1807 or 1808, and settled on section 26. His child, Sarah Cassill, was the first death in the township. Levi Johnson came in 1811. He put up the first horse-mill, and first still-house. He was the first Justice of the Peace, and performed the first marriage in the township. Jacob Shry came in 1811 and settled on section 25; his brother, Paul Shfy, settled on section 28. One of the most noted pioneers of Elk Township was George Fry, a soldier of the war of 1812, who came in 1S16. James and William Mysick came in 1815, and 1210 HISTORY OF "HOCKING VALLEY. settled on section 25 and 26. Edward Salts, came in 1816 and entered the land upon which McArthur Junction now stands. Some of the later arrivals were Thaddeus Fuller, David Richmond, Rev. Joshua Green, Lemuel and Allen Lane, Joseph Gill and Isaac "West. The following condensed from the personal recollections of Mrs. Bothwell is worthy a place in this history : PERSONAL RECOLLECTIONS OP VINTON COUNTY SIXTY YEARS AGO. BY CHARLOTTE E. BOTHWELL. McArthur, Ohio, July 5, 1874. — It is just sixty years this day since my husband and myself, with two children, started to move to Ohio. We had been married four years, and living at Silveys- port, Md., where we had moved from Fayette County, Pa., where I was born, Jan. 22, 1788. I was twency-six years of age; my husband was twenty-nine. We hired a man with a wagon to move us to Geneva, a town on the Monongahela River, about thirty miles, where we intended to go on a flatboat. This was before the dis- covery of steam-power. When we got there the river was so low the boats could not run. We waited ten days, but the water was till getting lower, and my husband bought a large pirogue and put our movables in it, and hired a man for a pilot at $2 per day. My husband's brother came with us. We started on Thursday. We were not two hours on the water till both the chil- dren were very sick with vomiting. We stayed the first night in Brownsville; Saturday we got to Pittsburg, about an hour before sun-down. As the children were very sick we intended to stop with a family of old friends by the name of Brison. My husband and the other men went up into town, and left me alone with the children. We remained in Pittsburg till Wednesday, when, the children being much better, we started again. As soon as we were on the water the children got worse. We arrived at Marietta on Satur- day. The youngest child was very sick. My husband had a sister with her family that lived there. This sister was the grandmother of President Scott, of the Ohio University, at Athens. We stayed there till Wednesday, when we started again. On Monday morn- ing we arrived at Gallipolis. There came up a very great storm, and I took my children and hurried up in town. The first house HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1211 I came to was a bakery. I went in, sat down with my children, called for a pint of beer and six cakes. 1 did not want them, but I wanted an excuse to stay. In the afternoon it cleared off, and my sisters husband, Isaac Pierson, came with his wagon to move us to' our journey's end. They put our movables in the wagon, and we stayed that night at the tavern. Tuesday morning we started; Thursday morning we took breakfast where the town of Jackson now stands. It was then a salt-works, a number of rough, scattering cabins and long rows of kettles of boiling salt water. It was nine miles to Mr. Paine's; that was the first house after we left the salt-works. About the middle of the day it commenced raining very hard and rained all that day; everything was soaked with water. My youngest child lay in my arms wet and cold, and looked more like it was dead than alive. Several times we stopped the wagon to examine the child to see if it was dead. But we had to go on; there was no house to stop at till we got to Mr. Paine's. It was more than an hour after dark when we got there, wet, cold, and still raining. We found Mrs. Paine one of the best and kind- est of women. If we had got to mother's or sister's we could not have been more kindly treated. After breakfast, on the next morning, we started and got to my brother-in-law's the evening of the 5th of August, where, four days afterward, our child died. We were just thirty-two days on the way. The weather was pleasant enough until we got to Gallipolis. From there here the weather and the roads were very bad — the bad roads of to-day bear- ing no comparison to them. In point of fact, there were no roads, but mere paths, and the men compelled to cutout roads with axes, and drive along side-hills, where it was all the men could do to keep the wagon from upsetting. My husband had been here the spring previous, entered 160 acres of land — being the farm now owned by David Bay — and reared the walls of a cabin [upon it. When we got here it had neither floor, door, window, chimney nor roof. My husband hired two men to make clapboards to cover it and puncheons for a floor, we remaining with my brother-in-law until this was done. We then moved into our new house, to finish it up at our leisure. Isaac Pierson then " scutched " down the logs, my husband chincked it, and I daubed up the cracks with clay. There was no plank to be had, the nearest saw-mill being Dixon's, on Salt Creek, twenty miles away, and I hung up a table-cloth to close the hole left for the window 7 , and a bed-quilt for a door. The back wall of a fire- 1212 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. place occupied nearly one whole side of the house, but the chimney- was not built on it, and when the wind blew, the smoke in the house would almost drive me out. We Jived in this way five months. I was not used to backwood's life, and the howling of the wolves, with nothing but a suspended bed-quilt for a door, coupled with the other discomforts of border life, made me wish many a time that I was back at my good old home. On the 14th day of January, 1815, the chimney was built; my husband had got some plank and a sash, and made the door and the window. The hinges and latches were of wood. Our cabin was the only one in the whole country around that had a glass win- dow. On the same day, while the men were working at the house, I finished a suit of wedding clothes for David Johnson, father of George and Benjamin Johnson, who still live here. I had the suit all done but a black satin vest when he came. I didn't know it was a wedding suit, and tried to put him off, but he would not be put off. The next day my third child, Catharine, who is the widow of Joseph Foster, and lives near Sharonville, Ohio, was born. My husband was a cabinet-maker and a painter, but bed-steads and chairs and painting were not in use here at that day, and his business was confined to making spinning-wheels and reels. He did not get his shop up until the first day of May. He had first started out here the previous May, and not worked any for a year, and consequently our little accumulated earnings were all spent. However, we were now comfortably fixed. I had got some pipe clay and white-washed the inside of the cabin, and some of our neighbors regarded us as very rich and very aristocratic — thought we put on too much style for this country! I had learned the tailoring business, and found plenty of work at it. There was not much money in the settlement, and I was more frequently paid in work than cash; but we wanted our farm cleared up, and there- fore needed work. It cost us about $10 an acre to clear the land, besides the fencing. Lands all belonged to the Government and could be entered in quarter sections, or 160 acres, at $2 per acre, to be paid in four annual payments of $80. When we first came here there were perhaps fifty families in and around this settlement, most of them quarrying and making millstones. There was no person making a business of farming. All had their patches of garden, but making millstones was the principal business. Isaac Pierson, the father of Sarah Pierson, of Chillicothe, had the most extensive quarry. Afterward Aaron HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1213 Lantzand Richard McDougal had large quarries. A man named Musselman lirst discovered the stone in 1805, and employed Isaac Pierson to work for him in 1806. This was on section 7. There were no white people here at that time, and the two camped out, and worked that year. Musselman quit; but the next year Pier- son, having found the business to be very profitable, moved out, built the first cabin, and made the first permanent settlement. He employed hands to help him, and soon the settlement began to grow. The business was very profitable, and all engaged in it would have become independantly rich but for one thing — whisky. Most of them drank, and nearly every pair of millstones that were sold must bring back a barrel of whisky, whether it brought flour or not. If the flour was out they could grind corn on their hand mills; but they made it a point never to get out of whisky. Trading was done principally at Chillicothe. There was no store closer than Chillicothe or Athens. Everything we bought that was not produced in the country was very dear. The com- monest calico — such as now sells at 6 to 10 cents — was 50 cents per yard; we made our own sugar; coffee, 40 cents; tea, $1.25. We made it a point, however, to buy as little as possible. Our salt we got at Jackson — gave $2 for litty T pounds of such mean, wet, dirty salt as could not find a market now at any price. All kinds of stock ran loose in the woods. Each person had his stock marked. My husband's mark was to point one ear and cut a V- shaped piece out of the other. I marked my geese by splitting the left web of the left foot. These marks were generally respected. There was good wild pastorage for the cattle, and hogs grew fat upon the mast. "When one was wanted for use it was shot with the rifle. A wilder country than this in early days it would be hard to imagine, with its great systems of rocks and hills, and intermin- able forests. Indians, wolves, wild game and snakes were more numerous than interesting. I remember distinctly, one time my son Thompson was a baby, I put him to sleep in his cradle one afternoon, and went out to help my husband in the field; he had an Irishman working in the shop. In the course of the afternoon he went in the house to get some tobacco. He came running out and holloed to us in the field: "Oh, Mon! Come quick; the devil is in the house!" We hastened to the house and found a large rattlesnake, which had been lying by the cradle. Our presence disturbed it and it ran under the bed, and my husband got a club and dragged it out and killed it. 1214 * HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY ITEMIZED. The first marriage in Elk Township was that of Abraham Cassill to a young lady living with Mr. Jacob Shry, who came from Vir- ginia. 'Squire Levi Johnson was the officiating parson. This was in 1813. The first horse-mill in Elk Township was erected by Levi Johnson. The first death was a child, Sarah Cassill. The first preaching in the township was by Rev. Jacob Hooper. The first white settler in Yinton County was Levi Kelsy, who came in 1801. The first known cemetery was called Calvin's graveyard. The first church was one built of logs and was used as such for about twenty-five years. SCHOOLS. The first school-house was on section 16 in the year 1820, close to the present residence of Ezekiel Robinett. It was a subscription school-house, being built by Mr. Levi Kelsy and others. William Clark, a son-in-law of Mr. Kelsy, taught the first school. The fol- lowing year another log school-house was erected on section 12, in which Mr. Clark again taught during the winter of 1821-'22. Elk Township has now nine school districts besides the McArthur school district, which has one graded school. Five male and eleven female teachers were employed in 1882. The total cost for the year for the township schools amounted to $2,143.02. There was a total enrollment of children of school age of 254, of which 135 were boys and 119 girls. The average attendance was 71 per cent. There were 73 youths between sixteen and twenty-one years of age in the township. These figures are from the audi- tor's report for 1882, and show the advance made in this depart- ment. United Brethren Church was organized in 1843 with the fol- lowing constituent members: George Speed and wife, Nathan Robinett and wife, David Markwood and wife, Isaac Wescoat and wife, Charles Dowd and wife, Mr. Sherril and wife, John Bullard and wife, William Ervine and wife, William Colvin and wife, William Swaim and wife, Lewis Blackman and wife, William Mat- thews, Joseph Cayler, Sabina Fry and Tena Fry. At the organization steps were taken to erect a place of worship, and thev commenced at once a large church building near where HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1 2 1* the infirmary buildings stand, and it stood and was used in an un- finished condition for many years. It was finally taken down, and a new church, the present neat building, erected in its stead. The church is now in fair condition with encouraging promise for the future. POPULATION. The population of the township from 1830 to 1880, by decades, is as follows: in 1830, 922; in 1840, 1,261; in 1850, 1,645; in 1860, 2,234; in 1870, 2,063; in 1880, 2,000. Up to 1860 her progress was rapid; since that time a gradual decline has taken place. m'aRTHUR, THE MINERAL CITY. This village, the county seat of Vinton County, is located nearly in the center of the county and but little south of the center of Elk Township. Its situation on a slightly oval surface between the two main branches of Elk Fork and near their confluence is a pleasant one, rarely surpassed in modest rural beauty. These streams are small, mere brooks, but for an inland village, this site is hardly equaled in all of Southern Ohio. This strip of land is considerably elevated, forming a small plateau, the edges of which are in some places deeply carved by the action of running water. Elk Fork, which has its beginning at the junction of the two smaller streams, embracing the site of McArthur, is a branch of Raccoon Creek, into which it flows in the southern part of the county. Of these two small streams the larger one comes from the north and the other from the northwest. Cabins of early settlers had made their appearance on this little plateau prior to the year 1815, while nearly all was yet a forest. But these, so far as can be learned, were only two in num- ber and occupied by two brothers, William and Jerry Pierson. About this time some burr-stone quarries in the northern part of the county were being worked, and the roads over which these stones were hauled from two of the quarries coming together at this place made it of some importance as a stopping place. ITS LOCATION. Its eligibility for the location of a town attracted the attention of men of capital who happened to see it. In 1815 Isaac Pierson, Levi Johnson, Moses Dawson, George Will, and John Beach — the two latter from Adelphi — forming a company, purchased the quar- 1216 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ter section on which McArthur is situated, and laid out the town on the 25th of November in that year. The situation is the southeast quarter of section 21, of township 11, range 17, and at that time belonged to Athens County. As laid out at this time it contained 112 in-lots and twenty-five out-lots. These lots were conveniently provided with streets and alleys crossing each other at right angles. Main street, running due east and west, is eighty-two and one- half feet wide, while North, High, Mill and South streets, all run- ning parallel to Main, are each sixty-six feet wide. Boundary alley, which was the western boundary of the original plat, is thirty-three feet wide at the southern end and forty-eight feet at the northern end. All the alleys within the in-lots are each six- teen and one-half feet wide. Main, Market and North streets are each continued through the out-lots. The dimensions of the in-lots are ten poles in length from north to south and four poles in breadth from east to west. In-lots Nos. 63 and 64 were alloted for public ground and reserved for court and market house and jail. April 10, 1840, the first addition was made to the original plat by Aaron Lantz and P. and S. H. Brown of 109 in-lots. In May, 1842, P. and S. H. Brown made another ad- dition of nine out-lots. August 7 and 8, 1844, David Rich- mond's addition was surveyed and laid out. B. P. Hewitt and Robert Sage made another addition in April, 1854, of eighteen in- lots, and Sept. 3, 1858, at the instance of Thomas B. Davis, another addition of twenty-four in-lots was made. The newly laid out-town was named McArthurstown in honor of Hon. Duncan McArthur, a prominent Ohio statesman at that time. The lots sold well at first, six or seven houses going up the first year. Stanbaugh Stancliff built the first house after the town was laid out. Stancliff was the grandfather of Judge Du Hadway. William Green was the first shoemaker who lived here, and his daughter was the first child born in the village. She was presented with a town lot by the town company. A Mr. Washburn was the first blacksmith to locate here. In 1 815 a Mr. Paffenbarger started a tan-yard just east of the graveyard. In 1816 Joel Sage built the first tavern in the village. His wife died in a year or so and he rented the tavern to Thomas Wren, who kept it for several years. It stood on the corner of Main and Market streets. In the same year the tavern was started John Phillips and Dr. Windsor started the first store. The store was owned by Phillips and Windsor, was managed by Windsor, and handled general merchandise. It stood where Dr. Wolf now lives. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1217 Several years later J. K. Will started another store, and from that time on this business has held a steady sway. No lawyers lived here then as this did not become a seat of justice until 1850. The old tannery east of town continued to operate until about 1842 when it was abandoned and another built on Mill street. The old one had been owned for several years by Sisson and Hulbert. In the earliest history of the town the only efforts toward relig- ion were made by the Methodists, who built a church on the old cemetery lot in about 1820. The Disciples, or JS"ew Lights, as they were then called, had meetings occasionally at a very early date, but no regular preacher. Before the Methodist, church was built the burying ground was on the hill just west of town, known as the Calvin burial ground. The first interment here was that of Eliza- beth, a young daughter of Pawley Davson. The first man buried here was James Stevens. The new cemetery just north of town was set apart for this purpose in 1873. Before the farmers of the county turned their attention so much to stock-raising, considerable wheat and corn was raised on the sur- rounding country and McArthur was made a market for some of this produce. The new and larger steam mill just east of town, which was built in 1856, for a time produced flour far in excess of the local demand and considerable was shipped to other points. Pork -packing was also engaged in on a small scale by some of the merchants of McArthur between 1840 and 1850. Before the con- struction of the M. & C. R. R. through the county, shipments to and from McArthur were made on wagons byway of Gallipoiisand Pomeroy on the Ohio, by Chillicothe, and alter the completion of the Hocking Valley Canal, some by Logan. The mail was carried through from Athens to Chillicothe on horseback. The tannery built on Mill street in about 1842 was run only a short time. It had been built by Jacob Waltz, and in about two years after he built the one now owned by John Seal, on High street. INCORPORATION. The census of 1850, the year before the incorporation, showed the population of the town to be 424. At that time there were four stores, and the only industries of any extent were to be found in the tannery and the old water flouring mill. In the year 1850 Vinton was formed into a new county, when McArthurstown became the county seat. On the following Feb. 7, 1851, the town was in. 77 1218 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. eorporated by a special act of the Ohio Legislature and the name changed from McArthurstown to McArthur. With this action came the necessity for county offices, a court-house and a jail. The jail was built in 1852, and the court-house finished in 1856. After this became the county seat, and before the completion of the court- house, courts had been held in a private house for a year, and afterward in the Methodist or in the Presbyterian church. Section 1 of Act incorporating McArthur reads as follows: "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, that so much of the territory in the township of Elk, in the county of Vinton, as is included within the original plat and survey of the town of McArthurstown, together with such additions as have been or may hereafter be made to said town, be, and the same is, hereby created a town corporate by the name of McArthur, and by that name shall be a body corporate and politic, with perpetual succes- sion." VILLAGE OFFICERS. McArthur was incorporated by special act of the General Assem- bly in February, 1851, and the name changed trom McArthurstown to that of McArthur. An election was ordered to be held the fol- lowing April for the election of corporation officers, and this was done April 5, 1851, with the following result: Mayor, J. S. Hawk; Clerk, L. G. Bort; Trustees, B. P. Hewett, Charles Brown, David Richmond, Joel A. Waldron and W. Swepston. The officers of McArthur for 1883: Mayor, Moses M.Cherry: Clerk, G. F. Gilbert; Marshal, II. K. Matteson; Attorney, Win. J. Rannells; Treasurer, Van R. Sprague; Justice of the Peace, Alex. Pearce; Councilmen, P. Horton, D. C. Gill, J. M. McVey, J. E. Sylvester, Win. II. King, J. W. Delay. G. F. Gilbert having removed from the city, the office of City Clerk was declared vacant. It was then filled by the appointment of J. Ira Bell, as City Clerk, May 28, 1883. June 4, 1883, Win. H. King resigned his position as Councilman, and Henry W. Coultrap was appointed to fill the vacancy for the unexpired term. The following have served as Mayor of McArthur, since its in- corporation: 1851, J. S. Hawk; ls; ( 2- , 5: > >, no record; 1854-'57, L. G. Brown; 1858, J. C. Mackey; 1859 -'61, L. G. Brown; 1862, D. N. Kineger; 1863, S. C. Case; 1864, Parker Rankins; 1865, H. C. Jones; 1866, Joseph Kaler; 1867-71, William Mark; HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1219 1872-'73, Henry Payne; 1874-75, Paris Hester; 1876-77, Robert Sage; 1878-79, L. D. Vickers; 1880- 81, Morris Evans; 1882-'83, Moses M. Cherry. In 1850 the population was 121; in 1860, 822; in 1S70, 861, and in 1880, 900. FIRES. McArthur has been remarkably conspicuous of later years for her devastating fires. Her three great fires occurring within the space of thirteen years have swept away the principal part of the heart of the town, so that when rebuilt the town will, in a measure, have lost its identity. These fires were apparently small, but one at least, the last one, was much larger in proportion to the size of the town than the great fires of Chicago or Boston in 1871 and 1872. FIRE OF 1883. This was by far the most destructive fire ever visited upon McArthur. It swept the entire square on the north side of Main street, between Market and Jackson streets. It came in the night, breaking out about 11 o'clock p.- m. of Jan. 16, 1S83. Great efforts were put forth, aided by hook and ladder apparatus, but the buildings, with one or two exceptions, were old wooden shells and burned like tinder boxes. Following is a list of the losses : The Davis building occupied by A. R. Lantz, grocery; Farley & Harris, oyster saloon; H. K. Matteson, cigar shop; P. Matts, jewelry store; J. E. King, shoe shop, and the Armory of the Fenton Guards. This was the first building to burn, and was situated near the east end of the square. From this the fire moved rapidly toward the west, taking the buildings and dry goods store of C. M. Shively & Bro. ; H. P. Ambrose, saddle shop; J. II. King, shoe shop; Dan McKeever, saloon; Reynolds ife Clements, meat store; Geo. "W". Farley, barber shop; D. "Will cV: Bro.. dry-goods; Mrs. Leah Kaler, residence; J. J. Murphy, meat store; building owned by E. 1). Dodge; Mrs. Lyle, residence; J. P. Ankram, dry goods, and Masonic Hall building owned by D. C. Gill; D. C. Gill, residence; J. W. Delay's building on east end of square occupied by W. If. King, grocery; L. Pierce, drug store; Record printing office; C. W. Taylor, barber shop; E. A. Bratton, law office, and E. A. Brat- * ton's residence. The entire loss of this fire was estimated at upward ol $55,000, about $20,000 of which was covered by in- surance. 1220 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. POSTOFFICE. The postoffice was first established at McArthurstown in about 182S. Prior to this time the few inhabitants obtained their mail from Athens orChillicothe. Thomas Wren was the first Postmaster,, appointed by President John Q. Adams. The mail at that time was carried on horseback between Athens and Chillicothe and reached this place only once a week. After 1835 the trip was made twice a week. After the completion of the M. & C. R. R., in about 1856, the town was accommodated with a daily mail. It was made a money-order office in the fall of 1867. The amount of business done by the office at the present time is shown by the stamp sales of last year (1882), which amounted to $1,560.32. The stamp sales for 1878 amounted to $1,002.28 which shows a considerable increase of business in the last four years. The following is a list of the Postmasters from its first establish- ment to the present time : Thomas Wren, Sr., 1 82S to 1833; Nathan Lord, 1833 to 184S; James Allen, 1848 to 1853; Judson Caldwell, 1853 to 1861; J. N. McLaughlin, 1861 to 1866; Horace Redd, 1866 to 1867; Mrs. Higenbottom, 1867; J. N. McLaughlin, since 1867. M' ARTHUR IN 1883. McArthur now numbers nearly 1,000 population and has some very good buildings, notwithstanding her recent fire. The sur- rounding country is well adapted to grazing and is rich in iron ore and coal. It has four churches, a system of union schools, three newspapers, two hotels and one bank, three general stores, three hardware stores, three boot and shoe stores, two groceries, one jewelry store, one clothing store, one drug store, one cigar and tobacco store, two harness stores, one furniture store, one millinery store, one meat store and two saloons, two flour-mills, one woolen mill, one marble works, one tannery, one saw-mill, one tailor shop, one brick yard, one livery stable, one nursery, two wagon and carriage shops, four blacksmith shops and one barber shop, one iron and coal, one insurance, one Adams Express, one Western Union Telegraph and one sewing machine, eleven at- torneys, four physicians, one dentist, three ministers and three editors. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1221 CHURCHES. The. Methodist Episcopal Church, of Mc Arthur, is probably the oldest church organization in the county of Vinton, having been first organized in 1814. Rev. Joel Havens was the first regular preacher. Services were held in the house of some one of the members, Isaac Pierson's being generally selected. McArthur having been laid out in November, 1815, the society soon after, or in the spring of 1816, changed their place of meeting from Isaac Pierson's to Benjamin Keiger's. Previous to this removal preach- ing was had occasionally from Jacob Delay, who lived near the salt works in Jackson County. He was represented as one of the most talented preachers of his time. The Paffenbarger tannery purchased by Benjamin Keiger, was used up to 1820 most of the time, but in that year the first church was built. Some have placed the erection of this church as early as 1S.1S, while others place the time even later, but undoubtedly it was the year first above mentioned. The church was built of logs, hewn, and presented quite a neat appearance. While belonging to the Methodists, all denomina- tions used it. The first preacher was Rev. Benjamin Keiger, followed by the Rev. Jacob Hooper. The first regular preacher was Rev. David Culverson. This church stood where the present cemetery is, and remained there until 1843, as their place of worship. In 1S43 the present brick church was erected some four or five blocks from the old one, a good substantial edifice which has served its purpose for forty years. It cost about $1,800, and is 42 x 50 feet in size. The ■church has always advanced with the growth of the village, and at this time has a membership of seventy. Its present Pastor is the Rev. J. W. Williams. Church of Christ. — Many believers in the faith of this church lived in and about McArthur quite early in the town's history, but like most religious denominations in the early history of a country, this one was served but occasionally by ministers coming from some distant settlement or stopping as they traveled through. In 1S61 the members of the denomination felt strong enough to undertake the erection of a church, and in the same year the cor- ner-stone of the present house was laid by Jonathan Brine. The church building was completed in the following year. Benjamin Franklin, then editor of the American Christian Eeviev\ con- ducted the dedicatory services. The church has met with varied 1222 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. success, as is common with all churches. In 1871 there was con- siderable progress made, and a large increase to the membership. Numerous improvements were made to the church, among others the building of the cupola and placing in it the bell weighing upward of 500 pounds. H. D. Williams, the present Pastor, came in February, 1883. At present the pastor remains with the con- gregation continuously, preaching twice every Sabbath. Mr. Will- . iams is a young man belonging to an undergraduate class of Beth- any College, West Virginia, but he is an earnest worker and ably rills the position to which he has been temporarily called. The Trinity Episcopal Church held its first service in 1863, the Rev. Thomas J. Davis, of Philadelphia, Pa. , officiating. Service was occasionally held in the court-house by the Rev. Erastns Burr, D.D., of Portsmouth, Ohio, and others. The church became a regular mis- sion in 1868, and service was held every two weeks, and a Sabbath- school established. The service has been held in a room in the second story of a frame building, which has never been ceiled or plastered. This room has been known all these years as the Epis- copal Hall. The church has grown from three to eighteen mem- bers, and in 1882 they commenced the building of a church of brick, in gothic style, slate roof, costing, when completed, about $2,500, the size being 27 x 45 feet. The first service was held in it Sunday, June 24, 1S83. The Rector is the Rev. Jacob Rambo. Presbyterian Church. — Preaching by men of this denomination began in McArthur as early as 1838. For the first few years men came from Athens, generally from the University there. Meet- ings were held in the old school-house in McArthur, and in the Methodist church. In about 1849 Rev. Chauncey P. Taylor was secured to remain with the society as its regular Pastor. Very soon after this the church building was erected on the corner of High street and Boundary avenue, completed in 1851. Since 1878 the church has had no regular preaching. About this time and prior to it the society had grown weak, owing to the removal or death of many prominent members, and a lack of harmony between those who were left. The church, a large frame building, still stands, but its doors are closed, and the society has practically passed out of existence, although it was once, and for a long time, one of the leading social institutions of the town. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1223 SOCIETIES. Delta Lodge, No. 207, A. F. db A. 31.— The dispensation for Delta Lodge is dated July 21, 1851, and is signed and sealed by Win. B. Hubbard, Grand Master, who appoints L. S. Bort, Master; B. P. Hewitt, S. W., and Joseph Magee, J. W. The first meeting was held July 30, 1851, brethren being pres- ent as follows: L. S. Bort, W. M.; B. P. Hewitt, S. W.; Joseph Magee, J..W.; Jacob G. Will, Treasurer; W. M. Bolles, Secretary; E. D. Harper, S. D. ; E. B. Clark, J. D., and L. G. Brown, Tyler; visiting brethren, L. Hutchins, of Mingo Lodge, No. 171, and J. W. Caldwell, of Hebbardsville Lodge, No. 156. The petitions received were those of Silas D. Parker, Wm. H. Baird and Rev. S. Maddux. The Grand Lodge granted a charter dated Cleveland, Nov. 4, 185 1. The names on this instrument are: L. S. Bort, B. P. Hewitt, Joseph, Magee, J. G. Will,Wm. M. Bolles, E.B.Clark, Win. Carson and L. G. Brown. The first election of officers was held Nov. 8, 1851, result- ing in the election of L. S. Bort, W. M.; Joseph Magee, S. W. ; J. W. Caldwell, J. W.; J. G. Will, Treasurer; Wm. M. Bolles, Secretary; E. D. Harper, S. D.; L. W. Bort, J. D., and L. G. Brown, Tyler. Of these officers, only L. S. Bort, now of Logan,Win. M. Bolles, now of Portsmouth, and, probably, E. D. Harper, resi- dence unknown, are living at this writing. At the close of the year 1851 there were eighteen members, since which time abjut 200 have joined; but owing to the formation ot lodges at Hamden, Mt. Pleasant, Zaleski and Adelphi, in great part of members of Delta Lodge, and the consequent narrowing of the jurisdiction of the said lodge, together with the deaths, demits and expulsions, its present number of members is only sixty. March 24, 1882, its hall, leased for a term of years, and on which several hundred dollars had been expended, was consumed by lire. A new lodge- room was secured of D. C. Gill, and a considerable sum expended in fitting it formeetings of the craft, but Jan. 16 it also was destroyed by fire. Meanwhile arrangements had been completed for a perpetual lease of premises owned by Messrs. James M. McGillivray and A. II. Dowd, on in-lotNo. 67, and the brethren pushed forward the work of constructing a new hall during the winter of 1882-'3 with such success that they were able to hold their meetings in it , in March, 18S3. The lodge, notwithstanding its misfortunes, is but little in debt, and may be reported in a flourish- ing condition. 1224 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The following is a list of brethren who have served as Masters of Delta Lodge: L. S. Bort, 1351 and 1852; B. P. Hewitt, 1853 to 1857; Alexander Pearce, 1858 to 1861; S. C. Case, 1362; E. B. Clark, 1863 to 1865; George Lantz, 1366; D. Y. Rannells, 1867; A. W. Ullom, 1868; E. L. Hawk, 1869; C. P. Ward, 1870; J. A. Felton, 1871 and 1872; O. T. Gunning, 1873; J. W. Delay, 1371 to 1876; Alex. Pearce, 1877; W. J. Kennard, 1878-'79-'S0; J. W. Delay, 1881; H. C. Jones, 18S2 and 1883. McArthur Chapter, No. 102, R. A. M., was organized under a dispensation from George Rex, M. E. G. H. P., dated Jan. 7, 1867, issued to Companions Samuel Sayler, Alex. Pearce, George Lantz, Owen T. Gunning, Samuel C. Case, Jehiel A. Felton, A. W. Ullom, E. L. Hawk, James H. Leach, and Orlando Saylor. A charter was granted by the Grand Caapter of Ohio, dated Cincin- nati, Oct. 12, 1867, and at the first election thereunder, Dec. 2, 1867, the following companions were chosen officers: Alex. Pearce, H. P.; George Lantz, K.; S. C. .Case, S.; J. A. Felton, C. of the H.; A. W. Ullom, P. S.; D. S. Dana, R A. Capt. ; O. W. Gill- man, G. M. 3d V.; D. V. Rannells, G. M. 2d Y.; H. C. Jones, G. M. 1st V.; E. L. Hawk, Treasurer; E. A. Hulbert, Sec- rotary; William Eckles, Guard. The last annual report exhibits the names of fifty -five members. The present H. P. is C. P. Ward, who was first elected in December, 1881, his only predeces- sors being Companions Samuel Sa} T lor, who presided from June to December, 1867, and Companion Alex. Pearce, who served from the latter date fourteen successive years. McArthur Lodge, No. 364, /. 0. 0. F., was instituted July 3, 1861, by Grand Master Wm. F. Slater, and charter granted. The charter members were: John P. Spahr, Charles Brown, Jo- seph K. Will, John S. Hawk, Daniel Will, and H. P. Ambrose. The lodge elected the following as the first officers of the organi- zation: J. P. Spahr, K G.; H. P. Ambrose, Y. G.; Daniel Will, Secretary; Charles Brown, Treasurer. When the order was first established they held their meetings in what was known as the "Davis Building." This was destroyed by fire on the night of Jan. 16, 1833, and since then they secured the fine hall over the Vinton County National Bank. The lodge owns no real estate. Tiie order has been quite successful, has contributed much to charitable purposes, and now numbers fifty-six members. The list of Past Grands is here given: J. P. Spahr, H. P. Ambrose, J. D. Hawk, Daniel Will, C. J. Billinghurst, P. G. Mathias, J. W. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1225 Delay, J. H.King, Aaron Will, B. C. Gibbon, S. B. Ulloras, A.W. Brown, A. M. Wright, H. C. Jones, M. R.Barnes, J. S. Will, Paris Horton, W. J. Rannells, 0. O. Dunlap. The present officers are: J. C. Pngh, N. G.; Santford LTllom, V. G.; J. W. Delay, Re- cording Secretary; A. Will, Permanent Secretary; J. S. Will, Treasurer; M. R.Barnes, Daniel Will, and H. P. Ambrose, Trustees. SCHOOL OF m'aRTHUK. The school of McArthur is a source of pride to her people, and there are perhaps few, if any, towns of its size in the State, having about 1,000 population, which has shown so much spirit in regard to their educational interests. The concentration 'at the county seat of intelligent and energetic business men may in a measure account for the advancement of all those interests which tend to promote culture and refinement. According to the oldest residents it was about 1818, or a few years later, that the first schools were taught in private rooms located at different places in the village. Among the first teachers was a Mr. J. Stanclift, who was a man ot more than ordinary ability for his day, teaching in a hut on the lot where Dr. Wolf's residence now stands, and the same lot has credit for containing the first store in town. Others of those pioneer teachers were: John Johnson, Anthony Burnside, John Dodds, who taught about five years, a Mr. Barney, George W. Shockey and the present famous temperance lecturer of Springfield, Ohio, " Mother Stewart," as she is now commonly known, who half a century ago lived in McArthur. The teachers above mentioned mostly taught in rented rooms, but in or about 1S2S lot No. 98 was bought and a very fair struct- ure erected, 20 x 24, mostly by subscription funds. The house answered for schools, church and township house a number of years. It was furnished with plank seats and desks, the teacher generally furnishing his own furniture — a splint-bottom chair and a half-dozen beach withes. The district was not set apart as an independent school until in 1S53, after which the enumeration of the district cannot be obtained from county records until 1858, in which year it was: Males, 165; females, 159; total, 324. In 1870 there were: 317 white males, 208 white females, 3 colored males, 4 colored females; total, 532. In lS81-'82 there were: 187 white males, 169 white females, 4 colored males, 1 colored female; total, 361. The decrease is very large, but statistics prove it true. 1226 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. As time advanced the school of JVIc Arthur increased in the num- ber of its pupils, and the same interest was manifested to meet the increasing demand for more room and for more varied and higher branches of education. The house on lot No. 98 was owned by the Board of Education until 1865 when it was sold to James Lantz. The Board of Edu- cation in the summer of 1859 bought two and one-fifth acres of their present school lot (since an acre has been bought and added to it), and the same fall commenced the brick work of the present building. It is a two-story brick, 62 x 66 feet, in the center of the lot of three and one-fifth acres in the northwest part of town, occu- pying a commanding site. The valuation of the McArthur school property is a little over $7,000. In the fall of 1860 J. P. Spahr took charge as superintendent of the first school taught in the new building, holding his position two years. He was energetic, well qualified, a good disciplinarian, but for some unexplained reason remained only two years. In September, 1862, W. H. Travis took charge, and the school under" his management advanced rapidly. Ill health, however, caused him to resign a position he had so nobly filled. His death occurred not long afterward. His unexpired term in the spring of 1864 was completed by W. A. Gage. In the fall of 1864 Edmund Sheffield took charge. His suc- cessor was John L.Hatfield, a man who stood high as an instructor and disciplinarian and taught by moral examples as well as pre- cept. He has since occupied the professorship's chair of Greek at the Ohio University, Athens, Ohio. The Rev. William Watkins followed, and though a man of fine attainments was not adapted to the profession of a teacher. He was followed by M. R. Barnes. Prof. Barnes was Superintendent for some twelve years, or until the close of the present school year, the term ending 18S3. His successor is Prof. AV. ft. Kelley, who opened the school in September, 1883. NORMAL INSTITUTE. This institution was first organized in the summer of 1867, under the name of the "Vinton County Teachers' Association." The officers elected were as follows : President, M. R. Barnes; Vice-Presideut, L. O. Perdue, J. S. Huhn and Frank Darby; Secretary, J. M. M. Gillivray; Treasurer, A. S. Asburv; Executive Committee, C. D. Gist, B. F. Albin, J. J. De Figh and D. 13. Zeiler. HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1227 The Association held its first institute under its present organi- zation during the first week of September, 1S67, under the instruc- tion of Prof. E. T.Tappan and W. H. Young, ot the Ohio University. Fifty-five teachers were in attendance. Interesting meetings have been held each year since organization, eminent instructors being present, assisted by home teachers. Aug. 7, 1S82, the Teachers' Institute convened at Hamden, Ohio. This year, the first time that it had been removed from McArthur, where it had been held during all previous years, the Institute was conducted the same as in former - years, with an instructor, Prof. Harvey, assisted by our home teachers. A very interesting session was held, and it was agreed to hold the next session in McArthur. The officers elected for the coming year were: President, G. F. Gilbert; Yice-Presidents, 'T. S. Cox and Fletcher Hawk; Secretary, N. C. Darst; Treasurer, Jno. C. Pugh. The Vinton County Teachers' Institute has a constitution and by-laws, which controls its affairs and regulates its membership. The objects of this association are the improvement of the teachers* the advancement of the interests of education, and the cultivation of enlightened public sentiment regarding the public school system. The president and secretary with those other members appointed by the president constitute the executive committee, having power to control and direct the same, subject to the by-laws and instruc- tions of the institute. VINTON COUNTY NATIONAL BANK. Jan. 7, 1867, was organized Vinton County Bank, the following persons subscribing to the stock, each share representing $500: H. S. Bimdy, ten shares; H. F. Austin, ten; A. A. Austin, ten; E. D. Dodge, ten; D. V. Pannells, six; A. Wolt, six; Frank Strong, four; J. W. Delay, twenty; J. J. McDowell, ten; untaken, fourteen; total amount of stock $50,000. They elected J. J. Mc- Dowell, J. W. Dalay, A. Wolf, H. F. Austin and E. D. Dodge', Directors, J. J. McDowell being President, and J. W. Delay Cashier. The association continued in business without any change until Sept. 1, 1SGS. when there was an agreement effected with the bank- ing firm of Will, Brown & Co., doing business in McArthur, to consolidate (said firm having been organized and commenced busi- ness about the same time as did the Vinton County Bank). The two firms on that date consolidated under the firm name of the 1228 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Vinton County Btnk, the capital stock being increased to $75,000, the following being the list of stockholders: H. S. Bundy, H. F. Austin, A. A. Austin, E. D. Dodge, D. V. Rannells, J. W. Delay, Andrew Wolf, Daniel Will, Charles Brown, Aaron Will, Thomas B. Davis. 0,n Jan. 9, 1369, the bank elected the following Board of Directors: ChaSi Brown, Thomas B. Davis, Andrew Wolf, J. W. Delay, Daniel Will, David V. Rannells, E. D. Dodge. The Board of Directors organized by electing Daniel Will, President, and J. W. Delay, Cashier. The organization continued in business successfully until Oct. 1, 1872, when it was converted into and commenced a business as a National Bank, the title adopted being "The Vin- ton County National Bank, of McArthur, Ohio." The capital stock was $100,000, held by the following persons, each share represent- ing $100: Daniel Will, 270 shares; J. W. Delay, 130; Chas. Brown, 125; E. D. Dodge, 12); Andrew Wolf, 100; H. S. Bundy, 100; D. V. Rannells, 50; A. Will, 35; Jacob G. Will, 30; Jacob S. Will, 30; T. B. Davis, 10. The stockholders re-elected as Direc- tors, Daniel Will, Andrew Wolf, Chas. Brown, IT. S. Bundy and J. W. Delay, and the Directors organized by electing Daniel Will, President, and J.W. Delay, Cashier. The Bank has since pursued a conservative and successful career without any change in its executive officers and but two changes in its Board of Directors, the first resulting from the resignation of H. S. Bundy, that vacancy being filled by the election of Aaron Will; the second troin the death of Charles Brown, the vacancy being filled by the election of Jacob G. Will. In November, 1878, it was deemed advisable by the Board of Directors to reduce the capital stock of the bank to $50,000 and surrender one-half of its circulation, which was accordingly carried into effect, and the stock remains at this date, July 1, 18S3, at $50,000, being held as follows: D. Will, 200 shares; J. W. Delay, 105; E. D. Dodge, 60; A. Wolf, 50; D. V. Rannells, 25; Aaron Will, 20; J. S. Will, 20; J. G. Will (estate), 15; T. B. Davis, 5. The present Board of Directors are: Andrew Wolf, E. D. Dodge, J. S. Will, Daniel Will and J. W. Delay, the executive officers being Daniel Will, President, and J. W Delay, Cashier. THE TOWN HALL. The town or village of McArthur and the township of Elk uni- ted together for the purpose of erecting a town hall, the cost to be equally divided between town and township. This hall is now, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1229 July, 1883, in process of erection, the basement and foundation wall to the floor of the first story being completed. The building is expected to be finished during the year. The basement will be used by the fire department; the first floor will be divided into fine large stores, and the second floor used for City Hall and offices for city and township officers. The building is to be two stories high, built of brick, and to be well finished. The contract was for $5,000, the hall to be completed September, 1883, but the cost will probably exceed that amount. The lot cost $1,000. RAILROAD AT M'ARTHUR. McArthnr became a railroad town on the completion of the Ohio & West Virginia road, Aug. 17, 18S0. This road passes through the center of the county from north to south, crossing the C. W. & B. R. R. at Mc Arthur Junction, about three miles directly south of McArthur. The amount of freight shipped from McArthur during the first year was 12,912,825 pounds, mostly coal and iron ore. For the year ending April 1, 1883, the shipment from this point was 13,169,156 pounds, an increase of 256,331 pounds over the first' year's business. The sale of tickets at McArthur during the year ending April 1, 18S3, amounted to $5,264.23. This road now belongs to the Columbus, Hocking Valley & Toledo system, and is locally designated as the River Division. THE FLOURING MILL of Gilman & Gold is located near the railroad in the east part of the town. It was erected in 1856 by Brown, Hawk & Co., with O. W. Gilman as contractor, who, on its completion, purchased one third interest, and since 1867 has held an equal interest with his partner. The building is a four-story frame, eighty feet long by thirty wide, and is furnished with four sets of burrs, with a capacity of about eighty barrels per day. It also has a 100 horse- power engine with a smoke stack seventy -five feet high. Messrs. Gilman and Gold own a coal bank near the mill from which they obtain the fuel with which to feed their engine. In 1878 they built an addition to the original building, 80 x 15 and two stories high, in which they placed woolen machinery for the purpose of doing custom work. The present valuation of the building and contents is about $18,000. 1230 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. BIOGRAPHICAL. B. G. Attend er, bookkeeper for Star Furnace Company, Jackson, Ohio, was born in Washington County, Pa., Nov*. 18, 1832, the sixth of ten children of William and Sidney (Wilson) Allender. He is of German descent. His father was a native of Pennsylvania and settled in Vinton County, Ohio, in 1859, where he died in 1870, his wife dying in October of the same year. Our subject's early education was received in the common schools, and in 1S55 he graduated from Duff's Commercial College, of Pittsburg, Pa. In 1S59 he came to Vinton County and clerked till 1864 when he went out as assistant sutler in the army under P. E. Phillips. He returned home in 1S65, and in 1866 was engaged by the Zaleski Furnace Company as bookkeeper, remaining with them till 1870. Jan. 1, 1871, he commenced keeping books for A. B. and A. P. Clark & Co., wholesale grocers, Cincinnati, Ohio. He was with them till 1881, thelast three years as traveling salesman. In May, 1881, he accepted his present position and moved to Jackson. In 1865 he purchased land in Elk Township and now owns 160 acres in this county, forty of it lying in Eagle Township. Mr. Allender mar- ried Sarah, daughter of David Cooper, of Vinton County. They have one child — Mary E. Archibald Arnold, retired merchant, McArthur, is a son of Levi Arnold, who was born in Hampshire County, Va., and died at the age of forty-nine years. His wife, Mary Elizabeth Booker, native of Maryland, died in McArthur, Ohio, in 1858, aged about eighty-two. Of their nine children our subject is the eighth, and was born in Hampshire County, Va., in 1814. He in 1833 came to Ohio, and located in Wesley Township, Washington County, where he worked at his trade, that of a blacksmith, and in October, 1839, located in McArthur, where he continued his trade. This he followed until the fall of 185S, at which time he opened the first hardware store of the town, but, January, 1S63, he was succeeded by George Lantz and Francis Shades. He bought a farm in South- ern Indiana which he carried on until October, 1879, when he re- turned to McArthur and lived a retired life. He has been a mem- ber ot the Methodist Episcopal church since 1840. He was always willing to assist in furthering the interest of the church, and has served as Class-Leader, Steward, Trustee and Superintendent ot Sab. bath-school a number of years. Mr. Arnold was married in 1834 to Tabitha Emily, daughter of Captain Thomas Fry. She died in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1231 184:0 leaving three children, two still living. Mr. Arnold's second wife was Salome Brandenberry, whose maiden name was Aultman; she died in 1845. His third wife was Effie Taylor, whose maiden name was Aultman, a sister to his second wife. Her father, Will iam Aultman, was one of the first settlers of Columbus, Ohio. She died in 1877 leaving three children, two living. His present wife is Elizabeth Throckmorton, who was born and reared in Scioto County, Ohio. Prof. M. R. Barnes, Superintendent of Public Schools, McAr- thur, was born in Barnesville, Belmont Co., Ohio, June 12, 1839. He received his early education in the Lafayette Academy, and later entered the Ohio University at Athens, and would have completed his collegiate course, but many of the students were from the South, and the approaching of the war in 1860 left the school almost studentless, and had quite an effect upon its opera- tions. During his collegiate life teaching at intervals was nec- essary to accomplish his desired end. In the midst of the late Rebellion he offered his services as a volunteer, but was rejected and soon after took up the study of medicine, but from dislike of the profession, in 1866 he withdrew and resumed teaching the follow- ing year, by taking charge of the schools in McArthur, where he has ever since been successfully engaged as Superintendent. The schools are in good condition, and he has now six assistants. "When he took charge of the schools they were poorly arranged, but he has gradually graded them and established a course that is creditable to the school and profitable to this community. Since here he has served about twelve years as County Examiner. Ezra P. Bothwell, McArthur, is a son of James and grandson of Alexander Both well. The latter was born in Scotland, but prior to his majority settled in Ireland, where he married, and where James was born, in 1785. Near the close of the eighteenth century Alexander, with a small family, came to America. Ee died near Winchester, Va. James, when a young man, made his home in Pennsylvania, where he married Charlotte, daughter of John Potter, of Fayefte County, who was born Jan. 22, 1788. In 1S10, soon after this marriage, they settled in Alleghany County, M d.,but in 1814 came to Ohio, locating in what was then Athens (now Vinton) County. When they came to Ohio they had two children, and nine were afterward born to them. Mrs. Both- well in early life learned the tailor's trade under Thomas William, of Geneva, Penn., and after coming to Ohio did much work in 1232 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. that line for the few who chanced to want an extra job of tailor- ing done in the new colony. She was a zealous Christian, noble- hearted, always ready to assist in case of sickness, and was known for miles around for the outgrowth of her benevolence. Night was never made too hideous by the howling of the wild denizens, or dreadful by storm or cold, for her to bridle her old horse and ride almost any distance to perform a good deed for the sick or af- flicted. On coming to this vicinity they settled just west of the present site of McArthur. At the raising of their cabin all the neighbors for six miles around were invited, and all told were thirteen, including Mr. Both well. James Both well lived a life of usefulness to his family and to Southern Ohio when the great State was in her infancy, but death released him in 1S63. Of their fam- ily Ezra P. is the ninth and was born near McArthur, Ohio, Nov. 3, 1825. He has always resided in this vicinity and has been extensively engaged in the agricultural pursuit, wine growing, and furniture manufacturing. lie now lives in McArthur and has a family of wife and several children. Hon. H. S. Bundy, Wellston, Jackson Co., Ohio, is a son of Nathan and Adah M. (Nichelson) Bundy, his father a native of Hartford, Conn., and his mother of Dutchess County, N.Y., where they were married, but soon after, in 1816, settled in Marietta, Ohio. Two years later settled near Athens where he leased college land, and took it from a dense wilderness to a good degree of im- provement, and then learned that the title was worthless. He was one of the pioneers of Athens County, coming here in 1S18. He was killed in 1832 by the falling of a tree. His wife died in Jack- son County, Ohio, in 18S0, aged eighty years, three months and nine days. Of their three children H. S. is the eldest and the only one who reached maturity, the others dying in infancy. He was born Aug. 15, 1817, in Marietta, Ohio. In 1834 he came to McArthur and soon after went to Wilkesville, where, in 1S37, he married Lucinda, daughter of Z^tmri Wells. In 1S39 they moved to McArthur, where Mrs. Bundy died in December, 1S42, leaving three children — William E., Sarah A., wife'of Major B. F. Steww- &efl, of AVashington, D. C, and Lucy J., now Mrs. J. C. II. Cobb, of Jackson County, Ohio. From 1839 to 1846 he was engaged in the mercantile trade in McArthur. In 1844 he married Caroline, daughter of Judge Paine, of Jackson County, and in 1846 moved on the Judge's farm, which he afterward bought and still owns, beiner his present beautiful residence. His second wife died in c-jX*-' HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1233 1868 leaving two daughters — Julia P., wife of Judge J. B. Foraker, of Cincinnati, Republican candidate for Governor of Ohio, and Eliza M., wife of Harvey Wells. Mr. Bundy was married in 1876 to Mary M. Miller. In early life Mr. Bundy attended a short term of private school under the tutorship of David Pratt, of Athens, but his educational privileges ceased when he was fourteen years of age. His natural talent and home study combined with his up- rightness of principles and enterprise have given him a place among the eminent men of Southern Ohio. Soon after locating on the farm, in 1S46, he commenced the study of law at home, and in October, 1850, was admitted to the bar. In 1848 he was elected to the State Legislature to represent the counties of Gallia and Jackson; during the term voted to repeal the "Black Laws." In 1850 he was a candidate to represent the counties of Jackson, Gallia, Athens and Meigs, and was elected by an overwhelming majority. In 1855 he was elected to the State Senate from the district composed of Jackson, Pike, Scioto and Adams counties, where the Democratic majority of his predecessor was 1,800 and Buchanan's majority in 1856 was 2,500, and Mr. Bundy as a Re- publican was favored with a majority of 376. In 1860 he was a Presidential elector from his congressional district, and stumped the entire district. In 1862 he was a candidate for Congress, but was defeated by the Hon. W. A. Hutchins by a majority of 1,900. Two years later they were both again candidates in the same dis- trict, and Bundy received a majority of 4,000 to the Thirty-ninth Congress. During this Congress he voted for colored suffrage of the "District of Columbia" and the reconstruction measure adopted by that Congress which seemed to make it improper to be a candidate for re-election. In 1872 he was again a candidate from the same district for the Forty-third Congress, against the Hon. Samuel A. Nash, and received a large majority; while in this Congress he supported and voted for the "Civil Rights Bill," and was unanimously renominated for the Forty-fourth Congress, and was defeated by a majority of 1,900 by Colonel Vance. In 1842 he became a member of the Methodist church, and in 1S72 was one of the first two lay delegates for the Ohio Annual Conference that convened at Brooklyn, N.Y. He was again a delegate to the Gen- eral Conference that met at Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1848 he bought his present farm and has since been extensively engaged in the furnace and mineral interest of his county, now owning the La- trobe and Keystone Charcoal Furnace with 10,000 acres of land; 78 1234 HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. also owns the Eliza Furnace with over 300 acres of the best of coal and ore lands. His son William E. first served three months in the late war; then in 1862 re-enlisted in the Seventh Ohio Cavalry, and on Dec. 14, 1863, was severely wounded near Bean's Station, Tenu. In January, 1864, he returned home, and after a severe illness he rallied and married. He became engaged in business, but Jan. 4, 1867, he died leaving a wife and one child." The former was killed by being thrown from a horse in 1868, and the child, William E., is now a bright student at Athens. M. M. Cherry, attorney and Mayor of Mc Arthur, is a son of Mo- ses R. and Sarah Cherry, both natives of Washington County, Pa., he of Scotch-Irish extraction and she of Irish. They were married in their native county about 1826, and two years later settled near Claysville, Guernsey Co., Ohio. In 1838 they settled in Washing- ton Township, Hocking Co., Ohio, where they now reside. From 1828 to the time of coming to Hocking County he followed the tanner's trade but since then has been a farmer and land owner. Of their ten children our subject is the eighth, and was born in Hocking County, Ohio, Feb. 5, 1846. He matured to farm life and received a common-school education. He then attended the Muskingum College at New Concord three years. He commenced teaching very young and followed it for fifteen years. In 1876 he was elected Justice of the Peace in Swan Township, Vinton County, and soon after commenced reading law. In 1878 he moved to Mc- Arthur, and in June of the same } 7 ear was admitted to the bar, since which he has practiced his profession. His election to the Mayor's office dates from April, 1882. In 1869 he was married to Alice Payne, of Swan Township. They have two sons and two daughters. Abram Clark, farmer, section 5, located in this township in 1855, on the place where he now lives. He was born in Athens (now Vinton) County, Ohio, in 1842, and is a son of Robert Clark, an early settler in the above county. He was reared on the farm and obtained a common education in the district schools. At the age of twenty-one years he began life for himself. He enlisted as' a private in 1864 in Company C,One Hundred and Forty-eighth Ohio National Guards, three-months' service, and served nearly five months. The exposure of camp life disabled him physically, he hav- ing never been well since. He was discharged in 1864. Since his return he has followed the avocation of a farmer and stock-raiser. He owns 240 acres of land. He was married in 1864 to Emma, daughter of John L. Dillon, of this county. Their children are — Pearley, Martha J. and John R. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1235 William Cottrill, ex- Sheriff and farmer, is a son of Henry and Mary (McLaughlin) Cottrill, both natives of Virginia. His father came to Ohio in 1824 and located in Lee Township, Athens County, where he married Rebecca Daily. They were the parents of five children. His wife died in 1834 and he then married Mary McLaughlin, daughter of Hugh McLaughlin. They had four chil- dren, William being the eldest. Mr. Henry Cottrill died in Meigs County in 1867. William was born in Lee Township Athens County, March 7, 1836. When he was a year old his parents moved to Meigs County, where he was reared and educated. He was married Aug. 16, 1856, to Caroline, daughter of Caleb Wood, who died in 1865, leaving four children. Mr. Cottrill afterward married Martha J. Gregory, a native of Vinton but reared in Meigs County. They have three children. In 1872 Mr. Cottrill moved to Vinton County and settled on his farm in Vinton Township, section 12, where he owns 312 acres, yielding both ore and coal. He was elected Assessor of the township in 1873, and in August of the same year was elected Justice of the Peace, to which office he was re-elected in 1876 serving until 1878. In 1875 be was elected County Commissioner, and at the expiration of his three years' term was honored with the office of County Sheriff in the fall of 1878, and the first of 1879 he moved to McArthur to fulfill his official duty. In 1880 Mr. Cottrill was honorably re- elected to the same office, which he filled with honor and intesrritv J © . John Coulter, farmer, residing on section 11, was born in 1800 in Bedford County, Penn. He is a son of John Coulter, a native of Pennsylvania, who removed to Guernsey County, where he re- mained till death. Our subject lived on the farm with his parents till he reached his majority. He resided in Guernsey County till 1848 when he bought his present farm containing 100 acres to which he has since added twenty acres. He has been very suc- cessful in his farming pursuits, at which he has been engaged most of his life. Formerly he was also engaged in stock raising. He was blessed with a family of twelve children, eight of whom are living — George W., Margaret A., John T., Rebecca E., Joseph C, Jane, Catherine, and Benjamin. Elizabeth, Sarah and two who died in childhood are deceased. Mrs. Coulter died in 1875 or '76. Two of his sons enlisted in the late war as privates. They served till the close of the war and received an honorable discharge. Henry IF. Coultrap, attorney, came to McArthur, Ohio, in 1871 ; read law under II. C. Jones. He was admitted to the bar in the 1236 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. fall of 1874 and has since been practicing law in McArthur. He from early life lived in Vinton County, Ohio, where lie received the common-school education and subsequently graduated from Ohio University at Athens, Ohio. Daniel Cram, farmer, was born Aug. 1, 1815, in Hillsboro County, N. EL, a son of Azel and Lydia (Lewis) Cram, natives of New Hampshire, who lived and died in their native State. The former died in 1834 and the latter in 1832. Our subject was reared on the farm in New Hampshire where he lived till after his father's death. In 1837 he came to his present place, where, in spite of disadvantages and hardships, he has succeeded in life, and from a wilderness of forty acres he has made a good home, and at present owns a well-cultivated farm of 139 acres, where he is en- gaged in farming and stock-raising, making a specialty of the latter. He was married in 1838 to Mary A., daughter of Moses Blackman, who settled here at the same time as Mr. Cram. They have had a family of ten children of whom six are living — James M., Axie J., George A., Frank, Elizabeth and Stephen S. Those deceased are — Charles, Lydia, and two who died in infancy. James M. en- listed in an Iowa regiment in the late war. George Crow, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in 1832, in Morgan County, Ohio, a son of Philip Crow, a native of West Virginia. He was one of the. pioneers of Morgan County, in which he became a permanent settler. Our subject was reared on the farm and resided in Morgan County till 1854, when he removed to Monroe County, Iowa. Three years later he removed to Decatur County, Iowa, living there till 1860. He then returned to his native county, remaining there till 1865, when he removed to his present farm, when he purchased 218£ acres, being mostly under a state of cultivation. He has a large number of sheep of the Spanish merino breed. lie has on his farm a comfortable dwelling and other substantial out-buildings. He was married to Julia Ann Bone, daughter of Samuel Bone, one of the early settlers of Mor- gan County. Twelve children have been born to them, nine of whom are living — Alice A., Ellen E., Samuel W., Elizabeth H., Ida B., Catherine, William H., Frank W. and Adda B. Hiram W., lone and Bruce E. are deceased. Himself and wife have been members of the Methodist Episcopal church a number of years. O. W. Dalton, agent of the C, H. V. & T. R R, at McArthur, Ohio, is a son of William Dalton, who is an early settler of Vin- ton County, now living in Swan Township. G. W. was born in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1237 Hocking County in 1855. He was reared to farm life and received the rudiments of a common-school education. At the age of twen- ty-two he commenced to learn telegraphing at Zaleski,on the M.& C R. R., and while there lie learned the principles of general railroad office work. In 1878 he was employed to operate in an office for J. W. Bowen, of McArthur, who had a line of telegraphy to Ports- mouth, Ohio. Aug. 18, 1880, he took charge of the railroad office at Creola, and in October, 1881, was transferred to McArthur. Here he has charge of the ticket, freight, Adams Express and tel- egraphing. In 1881 he married Isabelle Alexander. They have one child. Nathan C. Durst, Deputy County Auditor, McArthur, Ohio, is a son of Andrew J. and grandson of Isaac Darst. The latter was for a number of years a farmer in Meigs County, Ohio, where he died soon after the close of the late war. Of his sons Andrew J. was the eldest, a native of Meigs County, Ohio, but in 1865, he, with his family, moved to Wilkesville, Vinton County, where he died in 1868. In early life he received a fair education, and while quite young commenced teaching, which he followed until his death. By this avocation he accumulated some means and became a land- owner, but having been unfortunate when a youth, sickness settling in his lower limbs, he was unable to walk, and he never cultivated his land himself. His wife was Belinda Lamberson, whose par- ents were from Pennsylvania, but she was a native of Ohio. After his death his wife married and now lives in Iowa. Her children by Andrew J. Darst were three — Nathan O, Frances E. and Will- iam D. The two } T oungest are living with their mother. Nathan C. was born in Meigs County, Ohio, Nov. 26, 1854, but from eleven years of age lived in Vinton County. He received his rudimentary education in the common-schools, which he improved at the Wilkes- ville Academy. By close application of study and stability of mind, he, at the age of seventeen, commenced teaching, which he followed until 1881,when he was appointed DepntyAuditor of Vinton County, Ohio, in which capacity he is now serving. In January, 1880, he was married to Miss Mary C. Schall, of German descent, but a native of Vinton County. They have two children — Lena M. and Thomas E. William Buckley Davis, the first child born in Mount Pleasant, Hocking (now Vinton) County, Ohio, Ourn June 17, 1844, is a living, wide-awake, successful merchant at Sacramento City, Cal. His great-grandfather, Thomas Davis, of Revolutionary note, 1238 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. was at the taking of Lord Cornwallis, and his grandfather, "William B. Davis, a veteran of the war of 1S12, for whom he was named. He takes great pride in having been born in this quiet village of noted integrity and good morals, and in its never having had a saloon. Mr. Davis is a man of remarkable mind, being able to relate the minutia and details of business transactions of youth and early manhood with as much fullness and certainty as the trades of yesterday. He served as drummer boy of the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry from 1861. till 1865, re-enlisting prior to the expiration of his first term of service. Simeon P. Deaver was reared on a farm and educated at the common schools. He was born in Perry County, March 24, 1S25, and upon attaining his majority began life for himself with a capital of $250. He located in Swan Township, Vinton County, in 1850, living on a farm there till 1880, when he came to his present place on section 9, Elk Township, where he purchased 200 acres of ex- cellent land. He is also engaged in stock-raising and mines con- siderable ore, the red limestone being plentiful on his estate. He was married in 1850 to Elizabeth Milligan. They have had a family of seven children, three of whom are living — Emma P., Susan and George M. The deceased are — Hypatia, Sullivan D., !firi- eunis and an infant. Mrs. Deaver died in 1873, aged forty -six years; and in 1874 he married Cynthia (Aikin) Dunkle. Mr. Deaver has served as Trustee of Swan Township two consecutive terms. His parents, Jonas and Susanna (Hoover) Deaver, were natives of Baltimore County, Md., and Loudoun County, Va., re- spectively. The former came with his father, Jonas Deaver, to Ohio, in 1802, Henry Hoover locating with his family in the same county about that time. Jonas Deaver made a permanent home in Perry County and died July 4, 1871, at the age of eighty-five years. He was the father of thirteen children, three being deceased. Those remaining are — Misael, Jonas B., David H., Nancy, Eliza- beth, Simeon P., Martha, Mary, Hamilton H. and Lloyd T. Our subject's grandfather, Jonas Deaver, Sr., was a native of Wales and served in the war ot the Revolution under General Sullivan. Captain J. W. Delay, Cashier of Yinton County National Bank, is a son of Ambrose Delay and a grandson of Rev. Jacob Delay. The latter was born in Greenbrier County, Va., July 18, 1780, and died in Jackson County, Ohio, Oct. 13, 1845. His wife was Mary Crouch who survived him until Dec. 24, 1854, when she died at Berlin Cross-roads, Jackson Co., Ohio. Jacob Delay was HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1239 extensively known throughout Southern Ohio as one of the pioneer Methodist ministers, and was remarkable for his great decision of character as well as his forcible and positive manner of preaching the gospel. Although he was a native of Virginia he was of Eng- lish extraction and became an early settler in Jackson County, Ohio. He was the father of eleven sons and one daughter, five sons still living. Ambrose was the seventh, and was born in Pick- away County, Ohio, in 1810, and died in Jackson County, Ohio (Berlin Cross-roads), April 1, 1861. His wife, Rebecca S. Whit- man, was born in Greenbrier County, Va. , in 1811, but died in Union County, Iowa, June, 1881. Their family consisted of six sons and four daughters, three sons and one daughter still living. J. W. Delay is the oldest and was born in Jackson County, Ohio, Jan. 10, 1839. As his father was a farmer J. W. devoted his sum- mers to the farm and his winters in school. At the age of seven- teen years he entered the Ohio University, where he spent two years, at which time he was tendered a clerkship in a store and ac- cepted, but two years later engaged at the Latrobe Furnace as bookkeeper. In this capacity he served until July, 1861, when he enlisted in the United States army, and Aug. 10 was enrolled in Company K, Thirty-sixth Ohio Infantry, mustered and appointed First Sergeant. June 6, 1862, he was promoted to Second Lieu- tenant, and Jan. 16, 1S63, to First Lieutenant. About this time he was placed on detached .service on staff duty in the subsistence department, in which capacity he served during the war, having been commissioned Oct. 24, 1861, by the President of the United States as Captain of United States volunteers, and brevetted Major July 10, 1865, just four years from date of first enlistment. He participated in the battles of Lewisburg, Va., within five miies of the settlement of his grandparents on both sides; the second battle of Bull Run,Va., and South Mountain, in 1862. During the follow- ing winter his regiment was in General Rosecrans's campaign from Murfreesboro, participating in the battles of Chickamauga, Mission Ridge and many incidental fights of that campaign. In the winter of 1863-'4 returned east and participated in the campaign of Generals Crooks and Hunter in West Virginia; subsequently in all the battles of the Shenandoah Valley under General Phil. Sheridan, serving until the war was ended. Upon his return home in July, 1865, he entered the firm of H. F. Austin & Co. at Buck- eye Furnace, Jackson Co., Ohio, and engaged in the manufactur- ing of pig-iron, where he remained until October, 1866, when> 1240 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. together with Mr. Austin and others, he came to McArthur and or- ganized the Yin ton County Bank, but did not move his family until January, 1867. When the above bank was organized he was elected Cashier, and continued, by re-elections to hold the same position until the consolidation with the other bank in McArthur in 1872, forming the Vinton County National Bank, of which he was again chosen Cashier. During the late war, April 11, 1864, he was married to Miss Samilda J. Buck. They have four sons and three daughters, all living. Rev. J. F. Dickson was born in County Fermannah, Ireland, Nov. 21, 1836, a son of James and Margaret (Trimble) Dickson. When he was thirteen years of age he came to America with his elder brother and sisters. In 1S60 he came to Yinton County, Ohio, where in 1862 he married Mary R. Howell, a daughter of Joseph Howell, an early settler of Meigs County, Ohio. He moved to Yinton County in 1856, where he died in 1881, his widow still living, aged seventy-nine years. In early life Mr. Dick- son was desirous of obtaining an education but was obliged to rely on his own resources. He attended the Ohio University at Athens and subsequently taught in Jackson County, Ohio. He taught live years, preaching occasionally in the meantime, and in 1860 entered the ministry of the Methodist church. He was on the Mt. Pleasant circuit two years, but the most of the time was in Meigs and Gallia counties. Since 1872 has been located in Elk Township and has superintended his farm. He has sixty-six acres of ore and coal land, the most of his livelihood being made from his coal. Rev. John Dillon, a member of the Ohio Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was one of the best men that Yinton County ever contained. He was born in Zanesville, Ohio, Oct. 27, a. d. 1815. His father was John Dillon, Sr., owner of the iron furnace and forge, mills, etc., of Dillon's Falls, one of the most indefatigable men that ever lived, and who by his industry and public spirit added largely to the wealth of the State. Rev. John Dillon received his education at the Ohio State University, at Atheus, and then studied law in Zanesville, under General C. C. Goddard. In 1838 he left Zanesville with Dr. Edwin II. Hughes to seek a fortune in the further west. He fixed upon Mt. Carmel, 111., as the field in which to practice his chosen profession; but he had hardly commenced his promising career as a lawyer before he was converted at a Methodist camp-meeting and immediately HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1241 commenced to preach. Returning to Zanesville he soon after joined the Ohio Conference and became one of its leading and most useful members. lie tilled various and important relations as Pastor and Presiding Elder, and was a member of the General Conference of 1 868. At the breaking out of the late war he entered the service of his country and was elected Chaplain of the Eight- eenth Ohio Volunteer Regiment, and for three years did brave and valuable service for his country. Mr. Dillon settled upon his farm of 300 acres near Zaleski, Vinton County, in 1854. His uniform kindness and consistency of conduct won for him the love and esteem of all who knew him. He was a preacher of uncommon ability, and in the discussion of all law questions had few equals in discernment, skill and tact. His last illness was protracted and severe, doubtless the result of exposure and overwork of body and mind. He died in full triumphs of the Christian faith, Aug. 6, 1876, in the 61st year of his age. His widow, Mrs. Ann Newell Dillon, with two sons, Washington M. and Asahel Dillon, and one daughter, Hannah M., still live on the farm three miles west of Zaleski. The eldest daughter* Mrs. Belinda G. Chase, lives in Salem, Oregon. Two sons, Edwin H., and Goodcelle B., live in Elmwood, 111., practicing dentistry, their sister Edith, living with them. Another son, John, is with his cousin W. M. Dillon, in Sterling, 111., all of whom are respected and beloved by all who know them. E. D. Dodge, hardware merchant, is a son of James and grand- son of Caleb Dodge who were both natives of Maine. In 1811 Caieb,with his wife and two sons, James and Edward, leaving some of the older children in Maine, came through as far as Columbus, Ohio, where he died, but the widow and her two sons came on to what is now Vinton County and settled in what is Elk Township, on the waters of Raccoon Creek. Edward, the oldest son, soon bought property and erected a horse-mill and distillery, one of the first in the county. He became a patriot in the war of 1S12 and rose to the rank of Major, serving through the struggle. He then settled in Vinton County and endured the hardships of the early pioneer life, remaining until about 1835 when he with his wife and seven children moved to Missouri. James, the youngest brother, was born in Maine in 1802, but from 1811 lived in what is Vinton County, Ohio. He lived with his brother Edward until his marriage to Mary A. England. He then settled on a farm on Raccoon Creek as renter. He was a hard worker, close observer and endured many 1242 HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. hardships as a pioneer, but by all these exertions he accumulated a neat competency and cared for his mother until her death, at the age of ninety-three years. His early boyhood days were mostly spent in the distillery and mill, but from the time of his marriage he followed farming. He was a man of systematic principles and after he had once started would save a little at a time till he had $50, when he would enter forty acres. This he continued until he had 320 acres. In 1840 he moved to McArthur where he engaged in the trading of cattle, mules and horses, but in 1847 engaged in mercantile trade. He died in 1861 and his wife in 1862. Of their four children — Caleb (deceased), Edward D., Clarissa, and S. Yin- ton — Edward D. is the eldest livingand was born in Elk Township, March 16, 1827. He was reared through the pioneer days and had few school privileges, but his father moved to town mostly to edu- cate his children. Here Edward improved the opportunities and acquired a fair education, and in 1847 joined his father in business, since which his business life in Mc Arthur has been unbroken save a short time. In 1856 he married Sibilla, daughter of John Simpson, of Morgan County, Ohio. She had taught school several terms, was a practical woman and made a valuable assistant in the store, but died in 1863, leaving no children. Mr. Dodge was mar- ried July 4, 1877, to Catharine Liston, who was a native of Gallia County, Ohio. She received a good education and has taught a number of terms in the High School in McArthur. They have one child — Mary. When the banking business was started in McAr- thur, he was one'of the prime movers and devoted time to obtain- ing stockholders. He has been one of the stockholders as well as a director from the beginning. Mr. Dodge as a business man has been remarkably successful and now owns about 400 acres in Vinton County, besides Western land. His accumulations are to- tally the result of his own legitimate efforts together with that of his noble companions. Henry Dudleson is a son of William Dudleson, a native of Wyan- dot County, and Mahala (Dutcher) Dudleson, a native of Dela- ware County, Ohio. They were married in Wyandot County, and moved to Hamden, Vinton County, in 1838. Two years later they settled in Licking County, wherein 1841 our subject was born, and where both parents died in 1850, just one month apart. They had nine children, but our subject is the only survivor. Part of his boyhood was passed in Delaware County with his Grandfather Dutcher. In 1852 he went with his uncle, Jerry Dutcher, to Vin- HISTORY OF HOCKING YAXLEY. 1243 ton County, Ohio, where he lias since resided. In 1862 he enlisted in the One Hundred and Fourteenth Regiment, Company F, Ohio Volunteers, under Captain Karns. He was at Camp Circleville, Marietta, Memphis, Tenn., and from there transported to Vicks- burg. In the first attack on that city Mr. Dudleson was wounded in the hand, losing the index finger. He was wounded in the left knee also, by a rifle ball. He remained in the service until after the attack on Arkansas Post, when he was taken to the Pendacia Hospital, and from there discharged in 1863. In 1868 he married Eliza J. Dutcher (no relation), by whom he has had three children — William E., James H. and Nancy M. Mr. Dndleson's wife died in 1881. Since the war he has followed farming and stock-dealing. He is a Democrat, and in 1882 was elected County Commissioner by a handsome majority. He is a welhto-do citizen, willing to assist in all enterprises having for their object the benefit of the community. G 0. Dtmlap, M.D., Mc Arthur, Ohio. Through along line of genealogy the Doctor is a lineal descendant from Scotland or North of Ireland, where the name was spelled Dunlop. His ancestors emigrated to America prior to the Continental war, and settled in Pensley Ferry, N. J. The Doctor, on his maternal side, is grand- son of Judge Joseph Kaler and great-grandson of Frederick Kaler. On his paternal side he is a son of Samuel B. and grandson ot Joseph Dunlap. The latter was a native of New York, born in* 1791; was reared there and married a Miss O'Neal. They finally settled in Chillicothe, Ohio, where he practiced dentistry until 1868, when he was stricken down with paralysis and died in 1870. They had two daughters and two sons. The daughters both mar- ried professional men, one a dentist and the other a minister. The sons both became dentists. Of the family, Samuel B., the father of C. O., was the youngest, and was born in Chillicothe in 1829. lie was reared in his native town, where he is now practicing his pro- fession which he has followed about thirty years. His wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Judge Kaler, of McArthur. She died in April, 1860, leaving two children — C. O. Dunlap, and Ella F. (died in 1870). Samuel B. married for his second wife Amy F. Brown. They have three children. Dr. C. O. Dunlap was born in Pontiac, Oakland Co., Mich., July 12, 1856. The next year his parents came to McArthur, but later moved to Carlinsville, 111., where his mother died as above stated. From that time the Doctor was under the jurisdiction of his grandfathcr,fJudge Kaler, of McAr- 1244 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. thur. Here he received his literary education. He then took up the study of medicine under Dr. D. V. Rannells, his present part- ner. In February, 1878, he graduated from the Columbus Medical College, and immediately entered upon his profession in McArthur where success has attended his deserving efforts. He was married Feb. 28, 1881, to Alice, daughter of Henry S. Hamilton, of Mc- Arthur. John !P. Foreman, ex-County Auditor, McArthur, is a son of David Foreman and was born in Noble County, Ohio, in 1847, but his parents in 1854 became residents of Swan Township, Vinton County, where he was reared to farm life and received a common- school education. He took a selected course in the Ohio Univer- sity at Athens, where he completed his study. From 1871 to 1875 he was engaged as teacher. During 1875 he was elected County Auditor, and entered upon duty in November of the same year. Two years later he was re-elected. During his first term the State Legislature passed a bill for Auditor's term to cover a period of three years, hence his second term was accordingly. As an officer he was zealous and much esteemed. While residing in the county he was a member of the Elk Township Board of Trus- tees, and since in McArthur has been identified with the Town Council. In 1868 he became a member of the Masonic fraternity in which he has filled various official capacities. His wife was •Cynthia A. Gustin, of Vinton County. They have three children. 0. W. Gilman, born in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., is a son ot JohnT. and Mary (Fenton) Gilman, natives of New Hampshire and Connecticut, now living in Buffalo, N. Y. His mother is eighty-four and his father eighty-seven years of age. They have lived together since 1818. Of their seven children our subject is the fourth and was born in 1S30, and from six years of age lived in Buffalo, where he received the common-school privileges and also learned the trade of millwright, beginning at fourteen years of age, complet- ing when twenty-one. In 1852 he took a trip by Panama to California where for three years he followed his trade together with operating mills sixty miles above San Francisco, in Bodaga Red Woods. In 1855 he returned to Buffalo and engaged in contract- ing, but in 1856 came to McArthur under contract to build the steam mill here, of which he now owns a half interest, elsewhere mentioned. The same year he married Mary, daughter of Aaron Lantz. Mr. Gilman is a practical miller, and in 1868 with C. P. Ward bought the water mill now owned by Gilman & Gold. HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 1245 Since in this county he has contracted and built the County In- firmary in 1872 and 1873, a number of the largest bridges in the county, furnishing the plans for nearly all of them, and is still a practical architect and draftsman. He and wife have had five children, four now living. W. D. Gold, miller, McArthur, Ohio, is of German extraction. His grandfather, Conrad Gold, was born in Germany but came to America and married. They subsequently settled in Fairfield County, Ohio, and finally in Pickaway County, where they both died. William, the father of our subject, was the third son of the above, born in Pickaway County, Ohio, in 1816. He was reared in his native county and married, but in 1851 moved into Hock- ing County, locating on Pine Creek, Benton Township. In 1853 he moved to Vinton County and engaged as engineer at the Vinton Furnace. There he remained until his election to the Sheriff's office of this county, entering upon his official duty Jan. 1, 1857, serving one term. He was subsequently appointed to serve out the unex- pired term of Archibald Norris. At the expiration of this term he resumed his trade, blacksmithing, together with fruit-growing, which he followed until 18S1 when he moved to Missouri. While he was living at Vinton Furnace, in 1855, he buried his wife, who left four sons, all now living. He afterward married Lydia D. Lowell. Three daughters have been born to them. Of the sons above mentioned our subject is the youngest and was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, in 1841, .but since a youth has been a resident of Vinton County. Here he received a common-school education. In 1862 he enlisted in the Thirteenth Ohio Regimental Band and served in military duty a little over a year. He was during this time in the battle of Pittsburg Landing. He returned home and engaged in the sutler business with his brother. Fifteen months later he returned to Ohio and married. Then engaged in the mercantile trade in Illinois, but in 1866 he settled in Mc- Arthur where he has since been engaged in the milling busi- ness and is now an equal partner of O. W. Oilman in the two mills of this place. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, both the blue lodge and chapel. He and his wife have two daughters. Mrs. Gold is Eliza A., daughter of J. C. P. Brown, and was born and reared in Vinton County. Her mother is Mahala, daughter of Isaac B. Lottridge. She was born in Athens County and has al- ways lived near Athens and McArthur. 1246 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. David Hawk was born upon the old home-place in 1828 and is a son of Jacob Hawk, Jr. In 1857 he was married to Sarah L. Bar- ker and afterward located upon his present farm. He owns 161 acres of land in the homestead and 170 acres in Swan Township. He farms largely in grain and stock, keeping a flock of 200 sheep. Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Hawk, three of whom are liyjno- — Cynthia A., Cora A. and Sarah E. The deceased were — Louisa, Dora M. and Mary E. Mrs. Hawk died Jan. 21, 1883, aged forty-four years and eleven months. Joseph F . Hawk, a son of Jacob and Anna (Switezer) Hawk, was born Sept. 27, 1820, in Elk Township, where he has always resided. He and his sister Rebecca own 320 acres of well-improved land. His father was born in Pocahontas County, Ya., and is a son of Jacob Hawk, Sr. , of German descent. The Hawk family settled in Athens County (now Vinton), two miles west of McAr- thur, in 1816. Here Jacob Hawk, Sr., died in 1849 and his wife, in 1853. They were among the successful and enterprising pio- neers of the county. They had a family of fifteen children — John, Abram, Isaac, William, Henry, Samuel, Reuben, James, Eli, Da- vid, Jacob, Rebecca, Sarah, Christina and Nancy. Jacob, Jr., was married after his parents came here, and in 1818 located on the land where Joseph F. now resides. He had a family of eight chil- dren — Sarah, Joseph F., Jacob B., John S., George (who died in infancy), Rebecca, David and Allen. Jacob Hawk, Jr., died at the old homestead Jan. 14, 1873, aged seventy-eight years, three months and twenty-three days. His wife died March 12, 1870, aged seventy- eight years, six months and ten days. Voss Hoffhines, farmer, postoffjce McArthur, is a son of William and Mary (Coon) Hoffhines, his father of German parentage and his mother a daughter of George Coon. His father was a soldier in the war of 1812. His parents were married in Pickaway County, Ohio, and in 1819, with four children, came to Vinton County and settled on section 33, Elk Township, where his father entered eighty acres of land, but gradually increased his possessions until he had quite a tract, which he divided with his children. He donated an acre for a cemetery, the first burial being a child of Nel- son Hoflhines. In 1823 he erected a tannery on section 33, and manufactured the leather for his own use, having but little to sell. Of his six children Voss was the fifth and was born Oct. 16, 1820. He was reared to the farm life of the pioneer days. He received a limited education, and was obliged to walk a distance of two HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1247 miles to school. Mr. Hoffhines started in life for himself in 1842, marrying that same year Polly Casseli, daughter of Abraham Cas- sell. She died leaving two children. He afterward married Mar- garet, daughter of William Creamer. They have two children. Mr. Hoffhines still lives on the farm where he settled in 1842. He has 400 acres of fine land and raises mostly wheat, corn and stock. He has as yet never examined his land for mineral. Paris Horton, manufacturer of and dealer in furniture, Mc- Arthur, is a son of Nathan, and grandson of Nathan, Sr., and Sa- rah Horton. Nathan, Sr., was a native of New York and his wife of Pennsylvania. He came to what is now Yinton County, Ohio, in an early day and died here; his wife subsequently died in Iowa. Of their six children Nathan, Jr., the father of our subject, was the third child. He was born in Pennsylvania and came to what is now Yinton County, Ohio, in minor life, where he married Arete, daughter of Isaac White, and ever after lived in the vicinity of McArthur. He was by occupation a millstone cutter and farmer. He was a member of the Methodist church and died in 1855. His widow is still living. She was born in Elk Township, now Yinton County, Ohio, in 1821 and has thus far always resided in the county. Her father, Isaac White, was born in Maine and reared in Massa- chusetts. He married Mary, daughter of John Dunkle. They were early settlers of Yinton County, where they both died. He was by occupation a millstone cutter. Of their six children four are living, Mrs. Horton being the eldest. Paris and his twin brother Tyrus were born near McArthur, Aug. 31, 1840. He was reared and received his education in his native county. At the age of eighteen he commenced learning the cabinet-maker's trade and completed it in 1864. He has devoted his time to that occu- pation ever since. In 1867 he became proprieter of his present establishment, succeeding E. P. Bothvvell, where he has made some additions and is now doing a good business. His wife is Augusta, daughter of Rev. A. M. Alexander, of Licking County, Ohio, where she was born. They have seven children. Mrs. Horton is a member of the Methodist church. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. and has filled all the offices up to and including Repre- sentative of the Grand Lodge of the State of Ohio. W. S. Hudson, attorney and school examiner, McArthur, Ohio, is a son of S. B. and Abigail (Atkinson) Hudson, both lineal descendants of England, and now living in Morrow County, Ohio. The subject of this biography w r as born in Monroe County, Ohio, 1248 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. in 1851, but from early life matured in Vinton County, where his parents lived until 1882. His early or minor life was devoted to agricultural pursuits, devoting his winters to school. At the age of nineteen he entered the Ohio University at Athens, and gradu- ated in. 1875, haviug during his collegiate life taught more or less, by which he maintained himself. Subsequent to his graduation he taught four years. During this time he took up the study of law under H. C. Jones, and was admitted to the bar in 1880, and in 1882 was appointed School Examiner, to succeed Professor M. R. Barnes. Homer C. Jones, attorney at law, Mc Arthur, was born Oct. 17,1834, a son of David and Maria (Bothweli) Jones. His father was the son of Moses Jones, and was born in Eoss County, Ohio, May 10, 1804. He came to McArthur in 1823. In 1832 he bought eighty acres near what is now Vinton Station. He added to his first purchase until in 1855 he had 500 acres. He was extensively engaged in stock- raising, and was one of the first in the county to take an interest in improved stock. In 1855 he sold his farm and purchased the Both- well homestead. He at one time owned one-fourth of the Cincin- nati (now Richland) Furnace, and superintended the building of it. He and Dr. A. Wolf were afterward in partnership in the raising of fine sheep, and were the first men to bring Vermont merino sheep to Vinton County. David Jones was at one time quite a local politician, and in 1836-'37 represented Athens and Meigs counties in the State Legislature. He died in 1866, and his wife died the following year, leaving a family of seven children — Charlotte, now Mrs. J. W. Rannells; Homer C; James K., a Captain in the Nine- tieth Ohio Infautry v now living in Missouri; Eliza A., now Mrs. J. A. Felton; Mordecai B., of Missouri; Cidna M., now Mrs. Elijah Rockhold, of Bainbridge; and David Warren, an attorney of Gal- lipolis. Homer C. Jones was educated in the Ohio University at Athens. In 185S he was elected County Surveyor of Vinton County, and served till 1860. While holding that office he read law with the late Judge J. P. Plyley. In 1S61 he enlisted in Com- pany B, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and was commissioned Second Lieutenant. While in camp at Athens he was admitted to the bar by the District Court of Athens County. In the spring of 1862 he was detailed for duty in the signal corps, and having attended camp of instruction was assigned to duty on the staff of Brigadier- General T. J. Wood, Sixth Division, Army of Ohio, and with this command was at Shiloh. In September, 1862, Colonel Stanley had HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1249 liim return to the regiment to serve as Adjutant, but a few weeks later General Negley selected liim as Aid -de-Camp. He retained this position till after the reorganization of the army under Gen- eral Rosecrans, when he was assigned to duty on the field-staff of General George II. Thomas. He acted as Aid-de-Camp to General Thomas at the battle of Stone River, and was then assigned to duty as Inspector General of the Fourteenth Army Corps, during the illness of Colonel Yon Schrader. General Thomas presented him with the Brigadier- General shoulder straps worn by him at Mill Springs, Shiloh and Stone River, which he now values very highly as a souvenir of General Thomas and the late war. He remained in the signal service on the staff of General John M. Palmer, who succeeded General Thomas, until the reorganization of his regi- ment as veterans in 1863, when, at the earnest solicitation of Colo- nel Stanley and the men of his compan}', he returned to his regi- ment and took command of the company. He was mustered out Nov. 9, 1864. On returning home he opened an office and has since been engaged in the practice of law. Captain Jones has always taken an interest in political matters. He was an alternate delegate to the National Convention at Philadelphia in 1872 that nominated General Grant to the Presidency, and was an Elector for the Eleventh District on the Republican ticket that year. In 1876 he was a delegate to the National Convention at Cincinnati that nominated President Hayes. In 1877 he was elected to repre- sent the district composed of Meigs, Lawrence, Gallia and Vinton counties in the State Senate. His majority was only ten, and his seat was contested by Mr. Onderdonk upon the ground that he had received more colored votes than his majority, and the Senate being largely Democratic, Mr. Onderdonk won the day. In 1879 he was elected to the Senate by over 1,900 majority. lie is now a member of the Republican State Central Committee. Captain Jones was married in 1861 to Lou F. Hawk, daughter of John S. Hawk, of McArthur. They have live sons. John II. King, shoemaker, McArthur, is a son of John S. and grandson of Sehlon King, both born in Orange County, Va., where Seldon died. John S. was the only child and was brought up in iiis native State. He married Isabelle, daughter of William At- kins, of Orange County, Ya. In 1S35 he with his wife and five children removed to Washington, Guernsey Co., Ohio, subsequently to Muskingum County, Ohio, and finally to Columbus, Ohio, where he resided until his death. He was by occupation a shoemaker. 79 1250 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. John II. is the eldest of thirteen children, and was born in Orange County, Va., Jan. 29, 1827. At the age of twelve years he com- menced learning his trade with his father. When twenty-one he commenced business for himself as a journeyman, and seven years later opened a boot and shoe store in McArthur where he has been a practical mechanic ever since. A short time after opening his store he lost his entire stock by fire, and in January, 1883, he was again burned out. In 1S62 he enlisted in Company E, Eighty- eighth Ohio Infantry, under Lieutenant-Colonel E. A. Bratton, and was Sergeant-Major. At the expiration of his three months he returned home, and in May, 1864, enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Forty- eighth Ohio Infantry, serving 100 days as Color-Sergeant. July 3, 1861, he became a member of the I. O. O. F. lodge, and has gone through all the different degrees of and filled the different offices in the subordinate lodge. In 1867 he joined the Masonic lodge and has taken all the degrees in that subordinate lodge. His wife was Sarah D. Owen. They have three children — Mary, wife of A. L. Brown; William E., manager of the Western Union Telegraph Company at Qnincy, 111., and Elmer, telegraph operator at Quincy, 111. Mr. and Mrs. King are both members of the Methodist Episcopal church. David Lantz, stock dealer, McArthur, Ohio, is a brother of George Lantz, mentioned in this chapter. He was born in Vinton County, Ohio, in 1837. When an infant his parents settled in McArthur where he has since resided. He received the rudi- ments of a common-school education, and when a youth learned the tinner's trade, but has not followed it for a number of years. He has been for a number of years engaged in trading in stock, but now devotes the most of his time to fine milch cows, real estate and general brokerage. He was married to Margaret Bot- tonfield, of Antioch, Monroe County, Ohio, where she was born and reared. They have three children — Archie, Mabel and Maud. George Lantz, Esq., hardware merchant. Among the early and representative families of Yinton County, Ohio, there are perhaps few whose entering the primeval forest, braving the dangers of such a task, dates earlier than the Lantz family. George, the subject of this sketch, is the son of Aaron and grandson of George Lantz; the latter was born in Germany, where he married a French lady. Soon after this they embarked for,America and settled in Sussex County, 1ST. J., where they had born to them eight children, four HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1251 sons and as many daughters. About 1811 he, with his family, settled four miles west of the present site of McArthur. For some cause he only remained until 1818, when he, with his three married daughters and their families and two sons (Moses and Yandall), settled near Batesville, Independence Co., Ark. In the same year George, the eldest son, settled in Williams County, Ohio; Jesse, the youngest, in Wheeling, Ya., where he was for a long time extensively engaged in the manufacturing of the French burr millstones. Aaron Lantz. the twin brother of Moses and the lather of our subject, in 1818 married Leah Claypoole and settled three miles west of McArthur, where he engaged in manufactur- ing the Raccoon burr millstone, which at that time was exten- sively used over Ohio and Indiana, and at the same time he car- ried on farming on the pioneer style by which a livelihood was obtained. In 1838 he moved to McArthur and engaged in the mercantile trade, which he conducted until his death, March 3, 1843, aged forty-eight. He left six children — George, the subject of this sketch; Henry, now in Scioto County, Ohio; Elizabeth, David, Mary and Anna. All are married and have families, and all save one in Vinton County. George was born in what is now Yinton County, Ohio, March 6, 1828. In connection with his birth there is a remarkable coincident we deem worthy of mention: George's father, Aaron, his eldest brother, George, and George, the grand- father of our subject, were all born on the sixth day of March. He reached the age of ten years on the farm where he was born, but at the above age his father moved to McArthur, and George's boy- hood days were then mostly spent in driving cattle over the mount- ains to Lancaster and Baltimore. In May, 1851, he married Amanda, daughter of Isaac B. Lottridge, by whom lie has five children living. In 1857 he was elected Clerk of the Court of Yinton County by the Democratic party, and in 1860 a re-election to the same office followed, but at the expiration of this term he retired from public life. Owing to the ill-health of his successor in 1865 Mr. Lantz was appointed to his former position and in 1865 elected, which term expired in February, 1870. In the centennial year he was elected Probate Judge. His term expired in 1879; since then he has devoted his time to the mercantile trade, with which he has been identiiied more or less since 1861. Isaac M. Lantz, dealer in stoves and tinware, McArthur, Ohio, a son of George Lantz, was born in McArthur, Yinton Co., Ohio, Jan. 7, 1855, and has always resided in his native town. In his 1252 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. boyhood days lie received such an education as the facilities of his own town afforded. At the age of nineteen he engaged in learn- ing the tinner's trade, which he still follows in connection with the handling of stoves and such articles as are usually found in that class of stores. He at the same time makes a specialty of roofing and spouting. Mr. Lantz is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and stands well in the business as well as social circles of Mc- Arthur. He was married Jan. 13, 1878, to Fredora B. Parrott, ot Monroe County, Ohio, where she was born and reared. 1. JV~. Lottridge, McArthnr, Ohio, is of lineal German descent on his paternal side. His great-grandfather, John Lottridge, was born in Germany; his mother was a distant descendant and rela- tive of Henry IV., King of Holland. John matured in his native laud and married Miss Bratt. They came to America prior to the Revolutionary war and settled near the town of Hoosick, N. Y., where they both died. He was by occupation a farmer. Of his ten children, Barnadus, the grandfather of our subject, was the second, and born near Hoosick, N. Y., in 1779. There he lived till maturity and married Abagail Bull, of English extraction but a native of New York State. In 1803 they moved to West Vir- ginia, and one year later to Ohio, to what is now Carthage Town- ship, Athens County, where they both died, having through life followed farming. He became a large land owner and transformed many acres of it into open and productive fields. When they .settled in 1 lucking Valley the country was new and night was made hideous by the howling of the wild denizens of the forest. They had twelve children, Isaac B.,the father of onr subject being the eldest, lie was born in New York, Jan. 13, 1S02, but from infancy lived in Athens County, Ohio, where he married Experi- ence R. Cross, whose father, Dewy Cross, had settled in the vicin- ity of Athens when this was yet a Territory. They with their family came to McArthnr in February, 1830, where they lived and died. He was a man of strong mind and sound judgment, and in 1S32 was elected to the State Legislature but declined the position, lie operated a carding mill about fifteen years alter coming to Mc- Arthur. At the time of his death he left his second wife a widow. by whom he had four children, and six by the first. Of the entire family Isaac N. is the second son and was born in Athens County, Ohio, Nov. 16, 1828. He received a common-school education in McArthur, where he was reared. He was from a youth handy with tools, and his younger life was somewhat varied, but the last HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1253 decade he has been engaged in the carding mill and woolen factory. He was married in 1S53 to Lydia A. Gaston, of Virginian birth, who from infancy had lived in Ohio. They have two children — Melvin M. and Eunice V. J . M. Lowry, farmer, postoffice McArthur, is a son of Canada Lowrv, who was born in Washington County, Pa., and in the lat- ter part of the last century, with his parents, settled in what is now Athens County, near the town of Athens, where his parents died. Canada from youth lived in Athens County, where he married Sarah Rose, who was also born and reared in Pennsylvania. He and wife subsequently settled in Muskingum County, Ohio, where she died in 1831, and he in Logan, Ohio, in 1856. He was through life a farmer, hard worker, and reared a large family, of whom our subject is the fifth, and was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in September, 1809. He was reared on the farm; received a very lim- ited education in the pioneer log school-house three miles from his home. He married Elizabeth Frontz, who is a native of Vir- ginia. In 1840 they settled near Logan, Mocking Co., Ohio, in the dense unbroken forest, where he bought and cleared up a farm. In 1854 he moved to McArthur and bought the water grist-mill, which he operated until 1861, when lie became proprietor of the steam mill. Subsequently sold this and bought 156 acres of land, of which he still owns apart, and now lives almost retired. He and wife have the following family — Sarah, Felton, Grafton, Mary, Austin, William, Martha, Rebecca and Milton. Mr. Lowry at one time served as Deputy United States Marshal, also Marshal ot McArthur. Thomas A. Martin, McArthur, Ohio, is a son of Lewis G. and Frances (Mclnteer) Martin, natives of Virginia. Of their four children Thomas A. is the eldest, and was born in Stafford County, Va., Sept. 12, 1809. He was reared in Virginia, but in the fall ot 1830 settled at Wheeling, and in 1832 removed to Lancaster, Ohio, where he married Julia Fritter. One year later he settled in Roy- alton; thence in 1842, to Logan, where he was a produce dealer until 1848, when he came to McArthur and engaged in merchandis- ing. In 1S49 he was instrumental in originating the movement for a new county to become Vinton, in honor of Hon. Samuel F. Vinton, then an ex-Congressman of this district. Another object Mr. Martin had in view was to make McArthur a county seat. After a severe struggle, assisted by Judge Joseph Kaler, who then resided in McArthur, he having been a member of the Legislature, 1254 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. though at that time J. K. Will was the Representative, in 1850 the bill was passed and the organization of the county granted with 402 square miles. He, soon after coming to McArthur, buried his wife. His second wife is Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob Shockev, who is a native of this vicinity, born in 1826. He and wife have had six children, three daughters (deceased), and three sons, of whom two are living — L. D., Postal Clerk on the B. & O. R. R., and Charles E. S., of Bainbridge. Arthur E. McGrath, Clerk of the Court of Vinton County, was born in Wilkesville in 1852. His grandfather, Thomas McGrath, was a native of Kilkenny, Ireland, and when a young man came to America, locating ultimately in Wilkesville, Vinton Co., Ohio, where he died. His wife is now the widow of James Greathouse. Of their four children Martin E., the eldest, was born and grew to manhood in Wilkesville, but is now living in Gallia County, Ohio. He married Amanda, daughter of Hon. Almond Soule, who died leaving four children, three sons and one daughter. He then married Rebecca Vanseyoc. They have two children. Arthur E. McGrath was educated in his native town and in 1S68 com- menced teaching. He taught twelve terms and was then engaged in the tire insurance business till his appointment to fill an unex- pired term as Clerk, Nov. 2. 1880, and in the fall of 1881 was elected to his present office. March 15, 1871, he married Clarissa Chapman, a native of Meiirs County, Ohio, born Sept. 1, 1854, and a (laughter of T. S. Chapman. They have two children — Nellie L., born Jam 13, 1872, and Maude X-, born Sept. 10, 1874. James M. McVey. — Mr. McVey was burn in Morgan County, Ohio, Oct. 23, 1833. His parents subsequentl}' removed to Swan Township, Vinton Co., Ohio, where he spent his youth and the principal part of his life. Mr. McVey was twice married. He leaves by his first marriage a daughter, Mrs. Mary Crooks, who resides with her husband in Zanesville, Ohio. Mrs. Crooks's mother's name was Sarah Sands. His second marriage was with Nancy Stevens, Nov. 7, 1858; she survives him. Alter his second marriage he kept hotel where the Kaler House formerly stood, after which lie engage 1 a while in firming. Returning again to McAr- thur he engaged in running the hack line from this place to McAr- thur station. In the course of time he bought a farm in Benton Township near Bloomingville; this still forms part of the estate. He was on this farm several years when he again went to McAr- thur and purchased the property he owned at the time of his death, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLE5T. 1255 the McVey House. He was conducting the hotel under his name when his life was terminated by a wound received in a conflict with L. D. Vickers. He died May 10, 1883. Mr. McVey was a genial, whole-souled man and very popular, and the community will ever regret the sad manner in which he came to his death. George Paffenbarger was born in 1813 in Adelphi, Ross Co., Ohio, a son ot John Paffenbarger, a native of Pennsylvania, who located in Ross County about 1809. He served in the war of 1812 and died in Ross County at the age of seventy-seven years. Our subject was reared on the home farm till attaining his majority when he began life for himself. He lived in Ross Count}\ and afterward spent eleven years in Pickaway County on rented land. In 1847 he located on his present farm, purchasing at that time 113^ acres. He farms largely in grain and is also engaged in stock-raising, having a number of the finest sheep in the county. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal church since 1837 and has held the positions of Trustee and Steward many years. He was married Nov. 22, 1835, to Betsy Day mouth, a native of Pennsylvania. They have had eleven children, nine of whom are living — John W., Alfred, Henry P., Charles "W., Andrew, Mary, Catherine, Susan and Libbie. Lydia and Rebecca are de- ceased. Our subject's grandfather was a native of Germany and immigrated to this country when a young man and served during the Revolution. His wife, Catherine (Will) Paffenbarger. was also a soldier in the Revolutionary war. Mr. Paffenbarger has given his children a good education, six of whom have become successful teachers. Alfred is a lawyer and editor residing in Oregon, and Andrew is a dentist in Zaleski, Ohio. Alfred and Henry served in the three months' service in the late war. Henry Payne was born in London, England, Sept. 4, 1817. His father, Robert Payne, was born at Cherry Valley, X. ^ .. in 1794. When he was a young man he went to England and there married an English lady named Ann Hall. A short time alter the birth oi Henry his lather returned to the United Slates and brought with him the first machine introduced into this country for making our common pins. The machine, however, was invented in England by a Massachusetts man. Mr. Payne located at Taunton, Massa- chusetts, and was there employed in the manufacture of these ma- chines. In the spring of 1833 he moved with his family to Ohio and settled in the woods of Hocking County, Swan Township, now Vinton Oomitv. His death occurred Aug. 29, 1855. He was a 1256 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. natural mechanic and could turn out the most difficult specimens of mechanical ingenuity. His wife died in the spring of 1861. She was born in London, England, May 15, 1784. They had a family of thirteen children, of whom five lived to maturity. Henry Payne, the subject of this sketch, is the only living representative of the family. He was employed in his father's machine shop from the age of twelve to sixteen, and then worked on his father's farm until he was twenty-eight years old. He then engaged with T. B. Davis, at Mount Pleasant, Hocking County, in the tobacco trade for five years, part of this time, however, being at McArthur. On the formation of Vinton County in the spring of 1850 Mr. Payne was chosen as the first County Treasurer and served in this capacity seven years. In 1864 and 1865 he was Assistant Revenue Assessor for Vinton County, resigning on the accession of Andrew Johnson to the Presidential chair. For the next two years Mr. Payne was Justice of the Peace in Elk Township. He was after- ward in the mercantile business for three years with John S. Hawk, but since then has lived a retired life, a resident of McArthur. He was married in 1856 to Priscilla Taylor, of Somerset, Perry County. They have had four children, of whom two areliving — Joseph Trim- ble, of Columbus, and Ann Eliza, now Mrs. Latayette W. Hays. Mr. Payne is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Religiously he inclines to the Episcopal church. Mrs. Payne is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Captain Alex. Dearce, ex-Legislator, McArthur, is a native of Bainbridge, Ross Co., Ohio, born in 1828. He received his educa- tion in the schools of his native town, where he remained until eighteen years of age. He then went in the printing office at Portsmouth. From 1850 to 185-t he was editor and publisher ol the Portsmouth Inquire?', and during this period he published the first daily paper of that city, known as the Daily Dispatch. It had been started by Cleveland & Miller, but Pearce succeeded Miller. He was for two years engaged in other business, but in the spring of 1856, while visiting at McArthur, purchased the McArthur Democrat. This he successfully operated until 1861 when he sold to B. P. Ilewet, as he was serving at the time his first term in the State Legislature for the district composed of Vinton and Jack- son counties. In 1861 he volunteered in Company D, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and was discharged Nov. 9, 1S6L He was gradu- ally promoted until he reached the position of Captain. He par- ticipated in some of the severest battles in Middle Tennessee, and $5s?j3s^. mi af&& O^^KroSC HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1257 many others of less importance. After his return from the army he was appointed Assistant Assessor of general revenue, which he turned over in 1869. In that year he associated himself with George Lantz in the hardware trade, forming the firm of Lantz & Pearce, and in 1875 Mr. Pearce became sole proprietor, but in the fall of 1880, his health being very poor, he desired to free himself from business and sold his place of business to Lantz, and is now Clerk of the Recorder's office. Fie was married in 1858 to Amanda, daughter of Benjamin Ward. Six children have been born to them, all now living. The eldest is operator of Nelson- ville and the second eldest son is operator at Me Arthur Junction. C. B. Pilcher is a son of James and grandson of Stephen Pilcher. The latter was a native of Virginia, where he married and reared a family. In 1800 he settled on a farm near Athens, Ohio, where he spent the remainder of his life. James, the father of our subject, and the fifth son of the above, was born April 7, 1777, in Virginia',, where he matured to farm life and married Nancy, daughter of Samuel Sage. In 1800 he emigrated to Ohio with his father's fam- ily, but not liking the country near Athens he settled at Zaleski, Vinton County. In a few years his farm was overflowed by Rac- coon Creek, and he went to the farm where the infirmary now stands. This was about the time of the breaking out of the war of 1812. Here he remained until 1840 when he settled on section 22 r where his death occurred not many years after. His wife also died here. He was a man who preferred the quiet routine of farm life, and never aspired to office though repeatedly holding the office of Township Trustee. Politically he was a Democrat. ' His wife bore him eighteen children— Lenecy, Edward, Nancy, Charlotte, Har- riet, Ann Maria, Samantha, James, Henry, Amanda, Samuel, Mi- nerva, Melissa, Columbus P>., George W., Hiram, Eliza and Ar- minda. Two sons and five daughters are yet living. Columbus B., the elder son and the subject of our sketch, was born Nov. 14, 1826, on the infirmary farm, Vinton County, Ohio. He received a common-school education, and started out in life empty handed. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Gill. Mr. Pilcher fol- lows farming and sheep-raising and is now the owner of 260 acres of land in Elk Township. His land is underlaid with a rich vein of coal five feet thick. He is also the owner of the farm and old home formerly belonging to his wife's father. Mr. Pilcher and wife have had eight children, six of whom are living— two in Missouri, one in Columbus and three are at home unmarried. 1258 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. E. B. Pugh, Esq., wagon-maker, McArthur, is a son of William and Bashaba (Johnson) Pugh, his mother a daughter of Benjamin Johnson. He is a grandson of John Pugh, who with Benjamin Johnson crossed the Ohio Kiver at Wheeling, Va., in 1792. John Pugh had served five years as a teamster in the Revolutionary war. Johnson and Pugh both settled in what is now Harrison County, Ohio. There they farmed until their death. William Pugh was a na- tive of Pennsylvania and his wife of Maryland. They were mar- ried in Ohio. He died in Harrison County, Ohio, and she in Grant County, Ind. She was at the time of her death the wife of John Heaflin. William Pugh was through life a farmer. He and wife had seven children, five sons and two daughters, E. B. being the sixth and only son living. He was born in Harrison County, Ohio, Oct. 18, 1819. He received a fair education and at the age of four- teen commenced his trade, serving five years. He then followed journey work until 1843 when he opened a shop in Morefield, Har- rison County. In March, 1846, he married Casandra Selfridge and in 1851 came to McArthur where he has ever since lived save four- teen months in Holmes County, Ohio. He is now the only wag- on-maker in town. He and wife have three children, all living — John C, Martha A. and Helen L. John C. Pugh, attorney and County School Examiner, McAr- thur. emanates from Wales, and is a lineal descendant from the Pughs of Philadelphia, Pa., and is a son of Ellis B. and Cassie Pugh. He was born in Harrison County, Ohio, in 1848, but from 1851 was reared in Vinton Count} 7 . His education was mostly received in this count} 7 and by his own unceasing efforts. In 1868 he commenced teaching; subsequently taught one year in Tennessee. In 1870 he commenced reading law under the tutor- ship of J. M. McGillivray. He jointly pursued this with teaching until 1879. when he was admitted to the bar and has since been practicing in McArthur. He is one of the school examiners of the present board, in which capacity he has served five years. In 1881 he married Alice Hanning. They have one daughter — Georgiana. D. V. Rannells, M. D., is a son of Samuel J. Rannells, a na- tive of Pennsylvania, who when a young man went to Kentucky with a flat-boat of provisions, and while there raised a company of men for the war then in progress, and was in the battle of JS'ow Orleans. He subsequently drifted to Louisiana and soon after married Rachel Hughes, a native of Orangeburg District. S. C, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1259 but a resident of Louisiana. In after years with a family of four children they came to Ohio and settled on a farm in what is now Swan Township, Vinton County, where Mr. Rannells died in 1856, his wife surviving him fourteen years. While in Louisiana Mr. Rannells represented East Feliciana Parish District in the State Legislature two terms, and also represented his district in the State Senate. He was Register and Receiver of the land-office at the time Andrew Jackson took his seat as President, and on ac- count of his Whig principles he was removed from the office. He was always a Whig and Republican, and was an officer in the elec- tion of 1856 when Fremont ran for the Presidency. D. V. Ran- nells is the second of his children and was born in St. Helena Parish. La., in 1831, but has been a resident of Ohio since ten years of age and of Vinton County since 1847. His education was received in the common school and of his father. He followed teaching a few years, and when twenty-one years of age began the study of medicine with Dr. Wolf, of McArthur. He graduated from Starling Medical College, of Columbus, Ohio, in March, 1858, and became a partner of his preceptor. In August, 1862, he en- tered the army as Assistant Surgeon of the Fifth Ohio Cavalry, and in 1861 was promoted to Surgeon of the regiment, serving till the close of the war. He was with Sherman and was captured and confined in Libby Prison. After the war was ended he re- turned, to McArthur and resumed his practice. He lias been a student of his profession and has gained an enviable reputation among the medical men of Southern Ohio. Dr. Rannells adheres to the political faith of his father. He is a member of the Ma- sonic fraternity and has been Master of his lodge, lie married Lydia M., youngest daughter of Dr. Andrew Wolf, of McArthur. They have five children, four daughters and one son. The eldest daughter, Eliza H., is a graduate of the Cleveland Female Sem- inary and is now a teacher in the McArthur High School. The second daughter is a teacher of music and a student of the Cincin- nati Conservatory of Music. Captain Win. J. Rannells was born in Washington, Mason Co., Ky., Jan. 21, 1840. His father, Samuel J. Rannells, was born in Washington County, Pa., in 1791, and married Rache. Hughes, who was born near Columbia, S. C, in 1806. There re- sulted from this marriage ten children, five of whom are dead, and five — Mrs. Mary Taylor, Dr. D. V. Rannells, Win. J. Rannells, Dr. C. S. Rannells, and Mrs. Cora Poston, are living. His 1260 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. father served his country in the war of 1812 as a Lieutenant in Major Clarkson's battalion of Kentuckyans, and among other en- gagements took part in the battle of New Orleans. He was also a soldier in our war against the Seminole Indians. He owned a plantation near Port Hudson, and served two terms as a member of the Louisiana Legislature. His paternal grandfather, David Rannells, was born in Virginia. His maternal grandfather was Joseph Hughes, and great-grandfather was James Hughes, a sol- dier of the Revolutionary war, and a member of the gallant and daring band of Francis Marion. He was betrayed to the cow- boys by one of his servants,- and was killed by them while sitting with his family at breakfast. His paternal ancestors are of Scotch- Irish descent, and emigrated to this country from the north of Ire- land about the close of the Revolutionary war. His maternal ancestors are of Huguenot parentage. The exact date at which they came to America is not known, but it was a long time before the war of the Revolution. Captain Rannells's parents moved from Mason County, Ky., to Guernsey County, Ohio, when he was one year of age, and a few years later came to Vinton County, Ohio, and located on a farm a few miles north of Mc Arthur. His father died in 1856, at the age of sixty-five. The family continued to reside on the farm until William was a boy of sixteen, when they came to McArthur, Ohio, where his mother died in February, 1873, at the age of sixty-seven. His education was received in the common schools with the exception of a term of six months at Vermillion Institute, Ashland County, Ohio, just prior to the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion. When the dark davs of disunion dawned upon our nation in 1861. he was the first man, but one, who enlisted in Vin- ton County in her defense. When the news of the fall of Fort Sumter was flashed across our country, the martial spirit of his ancestors was aroused within him, and he with the assistance of J. L. Eakin, Esq., at that time a prominent attorney of McArthur, pre- pared a muster-roll, which each of them signed, and which Captain Rannells circulated. Two days after the fall of Sumter, by his efforts, Company D, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, first three-months' service, was enlisted. He entered this regiment and served with it in its campaigns in West Virginia throughout his enlistment as a private. Alter being mustered out of the first three-months' service he returned home, where, Nov. 4, 1861, he re-enlisted as a private, under Lieutenant II. B. Lacey, in a company that was intended to form a part of the Seventy-ninth Ohio Infantry,. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1261 which was being organized at Camp Wool, by Colonel R. A. Consta- ble. After remaining in Camp Wool awhile, the four companies were sent to Camp John McLean, near Cincinnati, and consolidated with the Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry, the company to which he belonged taking the name of Company I. After about three months 1 service .as a private in this regiment, he was promoted to the rank of Second Lieutenant. Captain Rannelis was with his regiment in the battles of Monterey, Bull Pasture Mountain, Franklin, W. Va., Strasburg, Mt. Jackson, Woodstock, Harrisonburg, Cross Keys, Port Republic, Cedar Mountain, Rapidan, second Bull Run, Fred- ericksburg, Ohancellorsville, Gettysburg, John's Island, Jackson- ville, Fia., Gainesville, Pocotaligo Bridge, Three Mile Run, near Jacksonville, Fla. On the third day of the second battle of Bull Run he was captured by the rebels, while endeavoring to save the life of a comrade, and taken to Libby Prison, from whence, by vari- ous routes, he was taken to Columbus, Ohio, under parol, where he was exchanged. October of 1862 found him again with his regi- ment, when he was promoted to the rank of First Lieutenant. At Gettysburg he was dangerously wounded near the left hip-joint, his clothes were pierced by a number of bullets, his sword scabbard bent, and his sword hanger cut off by the leaden missiles. His wounds were received on the first day's fight, July 1, 1863, and he was captured and taken from the battle-field to the rebel field hos- pital. July 4, when the Union forces had driven the Confeder- ates back, he was taken to his corps hospital, where, after a few days, his brother, Dr. C. S. Rannelis, came and brought him home. He remained at home until the 1st of November, 1863, when he rejoined his regiment at Folly Island, S. C, where he was mus- tered as Captain of his company, for which he had received a com- mission for meritorious conduct at Gettysburg. After the battle of Gainesville, where 150 of the regiment were surrounded by 1,400 ol the enemy, he with Colonel Morgan and twelve men cut their way out on one street, others cutting their way out on other streets, and were captured by the rebels thirty miles from Gainesville and taken to Macon, Ga., and from there to Charleston, S. C. After being in prison at Charleston awhile, they were started on their way to the prison at Columbia, S. C, but while en routi for the lat- ter place he escaped by jumping from the train, but was recapt- ured the next day and taken to Columbia. On the night of Nov. 2, 1864, he with three others escaped from prison. They traveled by night and' hid in the cane-brakes in day time. After a perilous 1262 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. journey in an open boat of sixteen nights, they arrived at the mouth of the San tee Kiver, and were picked up by the U. S. sloop of war Canandaigua and sent to Hilton Head, S. C. There he asked for orders to rejoin his regiment, where he arrived about the 22d of November, 1864. Five companies of the regiment were now mustered out of the service, their term of enlistment having expired. Those of the regiment who veteranized were organized into two companies, A and B, forming what is known as the Sev- enty-fifth Ohio Yeteran Battalion, and was placed in command of Captain Wm. J. Rannells. The Yeteran Battalion did arduous duty about Jacksonville, Fla., and at one time, while out with forty of his men, he encountered McCormicks's (Second Florida) cavalry, 600 strong, and after a gallant fight were forced back through the swamps to Jacksonville. In this engagement he lost twenty men. July 26, 1865, the Yeteran Battalion was mustered out at Hilton Head, S. C, and were brought to Columbus, Ohio, by Captain Ran- nells, where they were paid off and disbanded. Captain Rannells has a record as a soldier that any man might be proud of; he had the confidence of his superior officers and the esteem of the men under his command. He was noted for his courage in battle, and was in every battle and skirmish in which his regiment was engaged with the exception of Fort Wagner, which battle was fought while he was at home convalescent from his Gettysburg wounds. Four months after he was mustered out of the service he with his brother, Dr. C. S. Rannells, went to Desha County, Ark., to en- gage in the lumber business, which venture was not successful, and he returned to McArthur. He began the study of law in the office of Hon. H. C. Jones, and was admitted to the bar in 1871. In 1872 and 1873 he was Second Assistant Sergeant-at-Arms of the Ohio Senate. He was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Yinton County in 1873, on the Republican ticket, by a large majority, and has since been engaged in the practice of his profession at Mc- Arthur. June 4, 1874, he was married to Miss Ida Brodt, daughter of J. F. Brodt, Esq., of Nelson ville, Athens Co., Ohio. Two daughters have been born to them — Rachel L. and Mary T., .seven and five years of age respectively. Captain Rannells is a lawyer of high standing at the Yinton County bar, a man of sterling worth, and politically a Republican of unquestionable integrity. Henry Reynolds, ex-County Treasurer and ex-County Auditor, is a son of Benjamin and grandson of James Reynolds. The family was originally of Scotch-Irish descent, but James was a HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1263 native of Maryland, where he married Nancy Harrison In 1819 they emigrated to Ohio and settled in Perry County, where they died. Of their eight children four became residents of Ohio viz- Benjamin, Jane, Nancy and Nellie, all deceased save Benjamin' He was born in Maryland, Aug. 22, 1790. April 23 1811 he married Susan Shriver, who was born in Maryland, June 2, 1793 Her lather, Henry Shriver, was a native of Germany. In 1817 they with tour children emigrated to Ohio and settled in Perry County but in 1830 came to Hocking (now Vinton) County, and settled in 1831 where they now reside, in Swan Township, aged respectively ninety-threefand ninety years. They have had fourteen children thirteen st.ll living-Henry, Anna, Mary, Elizabeth, .Rachel (de- ceased), George, Lucinda, Isaac, Sarah, Susan, Maria, Cordelia Lydia, Samuel. Lucinda, Sarah and Samuel live in Iowa, Isaac lives in Kansas, and the rest live in Ohio. Henry, the subject of this sketch, was born in Berkley County, Va., March 14, 1812, but since 1817 has been a resident of Ohio and since 1830 of what is now Vmton County. He has voted fifty consecutive years in the vicinity of McArthur, almost universally Democratic. " His judgment and ability have given him rank among the leading citizens and in 1859- he was elected County Treasurer; was re-elected serving two terms. In 1869 he was elected Auditor. He was married to Belinda Wil- son, who died in 1875, the mother of seven children six of whom are living. He married for his second wife Savilla Patterson, and again he married Sarah, widow of John Red, who was born in Nelsonville, Ohio, but reared in Yinton County. James L. Roll, farmer, section 5, located upon his present farm in 1873, purchasing at the time 240 acres of land— 200 acres in Elk Township and forty adjoining in Swan Township. His land with the exception of about forty acres is well improved. He is en- gaged in farming and stock-raising. He was born in Washington County, Pa., in 1809, and is a son of Samuel and Dorcas (Ried) Robb, natives of Pennsylvania, who settled in Muskingum County, Ohio, in about 1819. She died in the latter place, after which he went to Hardin County, Ohio, where he died. Our subject was reared on the farm and lived in Muskingum, Guernsey and Perry until his removal to his present place. He was married in 1837 to Nancy Leach, of Guernsey County, by whom he has had nine chil- dren, seven of whom are living— Harriet, Samuel, Nancy, Odessa, Sarah, William and James; the deceased were Matthew and Dorcas.' Matthew was a soldier in the late war, enlisting from Perry County 1264 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. in 1862 in tlie Sixty-second Regiment, Company H, and served until his death in 1863. Samuel enlisted in 1863 in Company A, Thirty-first Ohio Infantry, from Perry County, and served until the close of the war, passing through a number of hard-fought battles. He was disabled bj' sickness contracted by exposure. Ezekiel Robinett, farmer, was born March 25, 1823, in Water- loo, Athens Co., Ohio, a son of Nathan and Drusilla Robinett, natives of Athens County. He was married to Sarah J. Brown, who has borne him six children, five of whom are living — Sylves- ter, Lydia, Samantha, William C. and Mary. Levi is deceased. He owns eighty-three acres of well-cultivated land. Mrs. Robi- nett died Feb. 20, 187-4. Ezekiel and Katie Robinett, grandpa- rents of our subject, came from Pennsylvania to Athens County, Ohio, previous to 1800. They located in Waterloo Township where he bought a large tract of land near Marshfield. After a resi- dence of many years they removed to Hocking County, where they spent the remainder of their life and died at an advanced age. They were the parents of fifteen sons, of wdiom the following grew to maturity — Lemuel, Moses, George, Stephen, Lewis and Israel. Nathan Robinett was married to Drusilla, a daughter of Jeremiah Robinett. After his marriage he made his home in Lee Township, remaining there many years, after which he located in Elk Township, where he died at the home of his son Ezekiel, Jan. 24, 1865. His wife died Dec. 25, 1866. To them were born twelve children — Ezekiel, Mary Ann, Mercy, Jeremiah, Lydia, Susannah, Nathaniel and Levi, and four who died in childhood. A. W. Salts, Judge of Probate Court, Mc Arthur, is a son of Edward Salts, Jr., who was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1812, and died in Vinton County, Nov. 17, 1S54, from injuries received some time previous at a barn raising. He was brought by his parents to where Mc Arthur Junction now is in 1816. He was through life mostly a farmer, although the latter part he kept a grocery store where the old McArthur station now stands. He was a man of industry, economy and good principle, and accom- plished a fair competency. He married Clarissa, daughter of Harry Cassil, who died about 1810. She was the mother of three children, two of whom were twins and died in infancy. John, the other, married and died in Minnesota, leaving one child — Clara Salts. The second wife of Edward Salts, Jr., was Matilda, widow of George Morrison, whose maiden name was Lively. She was born in Virginia in 1822 and died in Vinton County, Ohio, Dec. HISTORT OF HOCKING VALLEY. X265 22, 1877 where B ],e had lived since 1830. She had one child hv her first husband-Martha J., and by Edward Salts she had five children; by her third husband, William Landman, no. Her cMdren by Edward Salts were-Olara, now Mrs. Jos ph Wa.lfc of Cherokee County, Kas.; Bebecca, wife of Joseph Seay, of Mis' Imlrew W 8 r S ° Mare iDTint - County. Of thinuml, tlZ ■ n \ th ;iT geSMnd W3S b0 ™ iD Vi » to » County, Feb 6 1853. He had the benefit of a common-school education, but by close apphcat.on of study, and stability of mind, at the age of seventeen was prepared to teach, which he followed seventeen terms, together with farming. I„ 1SS0 he was elected Justice of the Peace of Richland Township, and in the fall of 1881 was elected by the Democratic party to his present position, Probate Judge, and at the time, was the youngest man ever elected to that position ,„ the State of Ohio. He was married Sept. 4, 1873, to Maggie Buskirk, of Richland Township, but a native of Mus- kingum County, Ohio. She received a liberal education and taught several terms. Tlmy have four children-Herbert L., Clara J.V1., ±t,clna M. and Harry H. Conrad Schmidt, grocer, McArthur, a son of Michael Schmidt was born in Baden, Germany, Oct 15, 1822, and in 1847 came to America and settled in Sandusky City, and in 1854 came to Vinton County. In 1864 he bought a farm near McArthur of 118 acres on section 27, but in 1882 sold his farm, and in December of the same year opened a grocery store in McArthur, where he carries a full hue of all articles kept in a grocery store. His first wife was Mary A Myers who was born and reared in Germany. She was the mother of ten children, eight now living. He married his second wife Fannie (Sprouse) Tracewell, in 1878. She was born in Albemarle County, Ya./.Sept. 4, 1837, but since 1869 has lived in Vinton County, Ohio. She had five children by her first hus- band, two living-Cora Ann and Charles J. Mr. and Mrs. Schmidt are both members of the Methodist Episcopal church, though Mr Schmidt was born and reared a Catholic. Stephen W. Sherwood, farmer, McArthur, is a son of David and Anna Sherwood, and was born in Fairfield County, Conn June 4, 1818. He was reared in his native county on the farm and acquired a common-school education. At the age of twenty he entered upon ocean life which he followed five years. Darin* this time he visited England, France, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Africa, New Zealand, China and Holland. In 1845 he came West and o0 1266 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. spent some time in Missouri and other Western States and returned East to New York, but in 1851 came to Vinton County, Ohio, and in 1853 married Sarah A. Aikins. His first purchase of land was in 1852, and he now owns 400 acres and also some town property. This accumulation is mostly the result of his own legitimate efforts. His land is richly underlaid with coal and ore, while the surface is good [agricultural and grazing land. He makes a specialty of breeding fine sheep and cattle. He and wife are members of the Presbyterian church. Mrs. Sherwood was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in March, 1832, and is a daughter of Eobert and Elizabeth Aikins, who were both natives of Pennsylvania, but finally became residents of Vinton County, Ohio, and in 1874 of McArthur, where he died in March, 1881, and his widow still lives. Of their eight children six are now living, all in Vinton County. George W. Shockey was born near McArthur, Athens (now Vinton) County, Ohio, May 5, 1822. At the age of eight years his father put him on his own resources financially. He did such work as he could get to do, and in that way got his clothing and education. He worked nights and mornings for his board, and by close application and hard study made considerable advancement in his studies, and in ( 1844]was, under the new school system established by law in the State of Ohio, by a 'Board of School Examiners, granted a certificate to teach school, and taught his first school in McAr- thur in 1844. He taught in Vinton County many years, the last term in the winter of 1869. As a teacher he was well appreciated. In 1848 he studied law with T. A. Plants, a prominent lawyer in Pomeroy, Ohio, and afterward reviewed with Judge Hewitt, of Mc- Arthur, Ohio. Instead of going into the practice of law he went into the mercantile business with fair success. His health failing he was obliged to give up this business, and resumed teaching. June 3, 1852, he married Harriet Howell, of Harrisonville, Meigs Co., Ohio. They lived in McArthur until 1869, when they removed to Washington, D. C, where they now live. To them was born only one child, a daughter — Lucy M., born in Meigs County, Ohio, July 9, 1853, and married in 'September, 1880, to Benjamin F. Shaw, of Washington, D. C. Mr. Shockey was 'elected Township Clerk several times, and during his administration, through his influence and economy, the township was financially in a healthy condition. He was a member of the Town Council of McArthur for several terms, and of the Board of Education several terms. He was appointed by the Court of Common Pleas on the first Board HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1267 of School Examiners, in Vinton County, and served about fifteen yeras in that capacity. He also took an active part in organizing the first Sunday-school, in 1837, in Mc Arthur, and taught the first class in the school. He was appointed to a position in the United States Treasury Department, at Washington, I). C, in 1869, which he has honestly and faithfully filled, always ready to do his duty in whatever work is assigned to his desk. He has been twice exam- ined by the Civil Service Board, and holds a certificate of appoint- ment, efficiency and promotions, and has thus far discharged his duties to the satisfaction of the officers and the Secretary of the Treasury. His first vote was cast in favor of the old Whig part}', in 18±3, but since its organization has affiliated with the Republican party. Mr. Shockey believes in advocating the teachings of the Bible. In all his dealings with community he has been strictly hon- est, endeavoring to do by all as he would have them do to him. He has made it a point to pay all his debts, and his word is as good as his note. Jacob Shockey, an early settler of Vinton County, Ohio, was born in Morgan County, Va., Feb. 15, 1801. He and his young wife emigrated to Ohio and settled on a piece of land about one mile east of McArthur, Vinton County, in 1821. His family con- sists of seven children born in this county, three boys and four girls, all married and have families. George W. and John J. are politicians and hold responsible positions. William M., the youngest son, was a minister of considerable talent and ability, and died in McArthur, April 21, 1860, in the thirty-second year of his age. Mary Ann, the oldest daughter, died in 1862, in the forty-third year of her age. Mr. Shockey was well respected and well beloved, strictly honest, and a leading spirit in the community, an honest man and a leading and active member of the Methodist Episcopal church about fifty years. He assisted and took an active part in building the first church in McArthur, and perhaps the first church in Vinton County. He believed in the teachings of the Bible and the doctrines of the Methodist Episcopal church, and had strong faith in the divinity of Christ. He was a licensed Preacher, Exhorfer, Class-Leader, and a man of more than ordinary ability; had a good strong voice, was a sweet singer, and was very powerful and able in prayer. He was a man of even temper and amiable disposition, kind and affectionate in his family, loved by his children and his neighbors. He married Elizabeth Snyder in Virginia, Aug, 3, 1S19. They lived together nearly fifty years, 1268 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and after their children all married and left the old homestead death separated them. He took considerable interest in politics; voted for General Jackson for President in 1828. He became dis. satisfied with the Democratic party and supported the Whig party until 1852. He believed that slavery was a sin and ought not to be tolerated by the Government; and when the Republican party organized in 1856, he adopted its platform, and cast his votes with his party as long as he lived. By occupation outside of his relig- ious work he was a farmer and miller. He did much toward clear- ing np the heavy timbered land and assisted in chopping the timber out of Main street in McArthur. He cleared off the ground and built a tent for the first Methodist camp-meeting in Yinton County on the spot where the new brick school-house in McArthur now stands. He owned and ran a saw and grist mill one mile east of McArthur, on Elk Fork of Kaccoon — known in early days as the Dawson Mills. He resided in Yinton County from the time of .his first settlement in 1821 till his death, which took place at his resi- dence in McArthur, Nov. 21, 1868, in the sixty-ninth year of his age, in the full faith of Christianity and the hope of a blessed immortality. John J. Shockey, ex-Sheriff, McArthur, Ohio, a son of Jacob Shockey, whose sketch appears above, was born in what is now Yinton County, Ohio, July 22, 1824, on section 27, of Elk Town- ship. He was reared to farm life in the primeval forest, helping to clear it up. It was in the days when schools were few, hence the most of his education was obtained by self-exertions. In 1810 he engaged to learn the tailor's trade in McArthur, under David Hum- mer, and subsequently devoted eleven years to that vocation, and from 1845 to 1850 was the principal tailor in the town. In 1S51 he engaged in the grocery trade which he followed successfully until 1861, when he saw the necessity of defending our na:ion's flag and entered the service as leader of the band of the Fifty- third Ohio Yolunteers, and remained in the service irntil May, 1862; was present at the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862. After his return he followed teaming two years, when, in 1864, he was elected Sheriff of Yinton County, and in 1866 was 're-elected to the same office by the largest majority of any one on the Democratic ticket. He was an able officer and discharged his duty with fidelity and honor to himself as well as county. Since 1S69 he has been variously engaged in grocery business, hotel-keeping, etc. During Sheriff Cottrill's term lie served as Deputy Sheriff four years, but HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1269 now lives rather retired. He was married March 16, 1852, to Phoebe, daughter of Elijah Porter. Thirteen children were born to them, of whom nine are living, two married and seven at home. Mr. Shockey possesses a musical talent of which his children par- take largel}'. Isaac Shry, farmer, section 13, was born in Virginia, near Park - ersburg, in 1807, and is a son of Jacob Shry, an old settler in this county. Our subject, when a child, came with his parents to Ohio, where he was reared upon a farm, and when old enough helped his father to clear up the farm. He received only a limited education in the subscription schools, and after attaining his majority he began life for himself, and for eight years lived with, his father. He located upon his present place in 1840, containing at that time eighty acres in the woods. He purchased afterward seventy acres more, and now owns 150 acres of land, which is well improved, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was married in 1S28 to Sallie, daughter of Israel Bobo, one of the early settlers in this county. To Mr. and Mrs. Shry six children have been born, five of whom are living — Melissa, Lorania, Phoebe, Sylvester and Flo- retta. The son was a soldier, serving in the Second] j Virginia Cavalry three years and three months. Mrs. Shry is a member of the Christian church. Mr. Shry has been successful in life, and through hard work and the assistance of his wife he has made a good home, and is surrounded by all the comforts of life. G. W. Sisson, druggist, McArthur, Ohio, is purely of English stock, as several brothers emigrated to. America many years ago. G. W. is a son of Daniel A., who was born near Fall River, Mass., about 1795. His parents both died when he was but a child. lie remained in his native State until about 1818, when he came to Ohio, settling in what is now Elk Township, Vinton County, be- coming one of the pioneers and frontier woodsmen. He in 1820 took a trip up the Missouri River as far as Council Bluffs, but came again to Ohio in 1S24, when he married Miss Fannie Fuller. He in an early day devoted considerable time to making the Rac- coon Mill burr. His wife was born in IS03 in Maine, and was the daughter of Thaddeus Fuller, a Revolutionary soldier who died in Vinton County, Ohio, just prior to the war of 1812. He was a land owner and resident of Maine, but owing to the probabilities of an invasion by the British he left the farm with a part of his family and settled in Vinton County where both died. 1270 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. William Snook, deceased, was a son of Mathias and grandson of John Snook. The latter was an early settler in what is now Clinton Town ship, Vinton County, where he followed blacksmithing and farming. He died near McArthur Junction. Mathias was reared in Clinton Township, where he followed the trade of a stone-mason, but died in the prime of life. His wife was Sarah, daughter of William Craig, who also died on section 31 in Elk Township. Of their three children John was the eldest and was born in Clinton Township, what is now Vinton County, Ohio, Aug. 2, 1821, and died July 11, 18S2. He was reared to farm life and received a common-school education. He was a man very decided in his opinion and strict in the command of his children, yet kind and agreeable to his family. He was a stout, hearty man, but died at the age of sixty-one. His political affiliations were Dem- ocratic. His wife was Martha, daughter of William Sinclair. She was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1S30. Her father, William Sinclair, was a native of Pennsylvania, and his wife, Jane Dawson, of Ohio. They in 1859 came to section 31, Elk Town- ship, and bought a quarter section which he cleared and improved, living here till their death. Mr. and Mrs. Snook had nine chil- dren, six now living. Rachel Snyder, widow of T. Smith Snyder, McArthur, was born in Chillicothe, Ohio, March 18, 1809, and is a daughter of George Shry, a pioneer of Elk Township. She from seven years of age has lived in and about McArthur. In 1829 she married T. Smith Snyder, son of Fred Snyder, also a pioneer of Elk Township. He was born in Frederick County ,Va., in July, 1S00, and from 1821 to his death, March 1, 1870, was a resident of Vinton County. In single life he worked as farm hand, but after he was married com- menced building and operating saw and grist mills, which he fol- lowed until feeble health compelled him to live a retired life. Mr. and Mrs. Snyder had ten children; five are now living — Isaac H., Ephraim, Christena, Harriet W. and Sanford. The latter lives in McArthur and is a mechanic and a leading member of the I. O. O. F. John Stanley, Sheriff of Vinton Count} T , is a son of William, and grandson of Joseph Stanley. His great-grandfather was born in England, came to America prior to the Revolutionary war and settled in the town of Philadelphia, Penn., and carried on his trade, butchering, to which he had served a seven-years' apprentice- ship, but when the Continental war began he was patriotic and of- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1271 fered his service to the American army. After his military career of seven years he settled in Pennsylvania, where he died. Of his children, Joseph was one of the eldest, and was born about the time of the above war in Pennsylvania. He grew to maturity and was married in Pennsylvania, and in 1839 he and his wife and family of six children came to Ohio and settled in Athens (now Vinton) County, where both died, he in Madison Township and she in Knox. At the time of coming to Ohio William, the el- dest son, was nineteen, and has been a resident of Yinton County ever since, following farming as did his father before him. He is now a landholder of about 300 acres, which he has mostly cleared and improved, having been a stout and. hearty man. He married Prudence Pichey, of Muskingum County, Ohio, who died in Sep- tember, 1881. She was the mother of seven children, of whom six are now living, and the eldest^ son is John, the subject of this sketch, who was born July 27, 1816. He was reared to farm life and received a common education. He devoted the falls of about fourteen years to threshing, which he fully understood, having the reputation of being a first-class thresher. In September, 1871, he married Mary L. Dickson, of Lee Township, Athens County, where she was born and reared. Five children are born to this union. For the past few years Mr. Stanley has devoted his time to saw and grist milling. In the fall of 1882 he was elected Sheriff of Yinton County, which position he took charge of Jan. 1, 18S3. During his residence in Knox Township he has held the office of Treasurer several times. Hon. Frank' Strong, Legislator and stock-dealer, McArthur, is a son of Silas and Clarissa (Cook) Strong, and was born in Meigs County, Ohio, near Wilkesville, Aug. 7, 1828. His youthful days were spent on his father's farm, and he received such an education as the facilities of the common schools afforded. At the age of twenty-eight years he married, and at once engaged in fanning for himself. In 1857 he became a land-owner near his birthplace, but in 1865 he sold out, and the following year moved to McArthur, where he has since resided. Soon after coming here he engaged in the general mercantile trade, which he conducted about eight years, with which he extensively engaged in handling wool. This pursuit he still continues, together with dealing in cattle and sheep. His jurisdiction and ability gave him rank among the leading citi- zens of the county, and in the fall of 1SS1 he was (as Republican) elected a member of the State Legislature in a Democratic County. 1272 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Durino- the second terra of his career he has served as chairman on the Committee of Agriculture; also served second on Committee of Reform Schools for girls and boys, and Committee on Mining. Mr. Strong was married to Miss Eva Temple, of Newport, Ky. They had a family of three children. One died in infancy. Cora died, aged eighteen, when just blooming into womanhood, and the youngest, Edward, is now living in Mc Arthur. Anthony Trimmer, farmer, postoffice McArthur, is a son ot Anthony and grandson of Paul Trimmer. His grandfather was a native of New Jersey, and for twenty years was a sailor on the ocean. While he was at sea his brother Anthony came West and was never afterward heard from. A half-brother, Isaiah Fairolove, died in New Jersey. His wife was Jane McUlwaine. They, with seven children, finally settled in Washington County, Perm., where both died. Their three sons, Anthony, Thomas and Sam- uel, and one daughter, Mrs. Nancy Ravencraft, died in Washing- ton County. Of the others, Mrs. Polly Myers died in Ross County, Ohio, and Mrs. Rebecca Miller and Mrs. Elizabeth Miller, in Coshocton County. Anthony married Jane Manning in New Jersey. She died in Washington County, leaving eleven children, of whom the subject of this sketch is the ninth. Mr. Trimmer then married Margaret Hunt, who was born and reared in Washington County, Penn., and died in Vinton County in the fall of 1876. Anthony, Jr., was born in Washington County, Penn., March 22, 1814. When a boy he commenced to learn brickmaking, a trade he followed till thirty years of age. At about that age he married Lucinda Miller, a native of Washington County, but at that time a resident of Coshocton County, Ohio. She died in 1877, leaving eight children, all now living — David, Rebecca J., John, Eliza A., Paul, William, Lucinda and Mary. In 1864 Mr. Trimmer came with his family from Coshocton County to his present farm on sec- tion 32, Elk Township. He has 123 acres which he cultivates in corn and wheat. S. H. Trimmer, brother of the above, the fifth child of Anthony and Margaret (Hunt) Trimmer, was born in Washington County, Penn., Jan. 31, 1834. His father died when he was seven years old, and he was reared to the lite of a fanner under the jurisdic- tion of his mother and step father. When sixteen years of age he commenced to learn the blacksmith's trade in Pennsylvania. In 1858 he came to McArthur and opened a shop, working at his trade till 1S75. He was very successful, and in ls73 bought the farm HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1273 ot 117 acres on sections 31 and 32, Elk Township, where he now resides, which he has since improved and now has under good state of cultivation. lie moved to the farm in 1S75, and now has a good home surrounded with all the comforts of life. There is a five-foot vein of tine coal on section 31; four veins of ore, two feet down, - v excavated, and a good quality of blue limestone and black band ore. The land produces good crops ol corn and wheat. Mr. Trimmer is now devoting considerable time to fine stock, and is turning his farm into pasture. Ho was married to Rebecca J. Bot- tomfield, <.>i Monroe County. They had ten children, rive now liv- e deceased were buried in one grave, all dying of the mea> - IT. Wa . - .-a of George Waxier, who was born and 1 in Virginia, came ;en about twenty-two years old ai S sannah Ashton. They settled in Muskingum County, Ohio, near Zanesville, on a farm, where they lived until .. He died in 1S6"\ dropping dead from heart disease; and his wife t. L8S0. He was a farmer through life, and hav -- start with nothing. Of their fifteen c _ is the fourth child and was born M - . _ io, Jan. 14. 1832. He was reared in his ni la common-school education, and at ty-two he married and si fe tor hims His ' - Henriett . 3 Virginia, born in 1 ~ _ tildren, four now living. Inl866Mr it for party but in 1873 _ ' — ore an I - lime- . producing about L, tons tore and coal for his - stone annn He is g considerable 1 sing French merino ._ _ a year, his ] is - eing _ 186: A. .1 and T - Captain Jose - the close of the war, ■ ■ " - - 565, § tssed _ var uninjured. He now ogs to 1 ' Nathan j - sides in It be has had 1 has 1274 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. and is the present incumbent. He owns the old homestead and is engaged in stock-raising to a considerable extent. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren church and take much interest in religious matters. Philander Wescoat, our subject's father, was a son of Isaac Wescoat, who settled in this township about 1815 and died in Scioto County, Ohio, in 1849. Philander was married to Margaret Brewer and soon after settled where his son Nathan now resides. He was the father of eleven children — Isaac, John, Amos, Orrin, Clarissa, Margaret, Triphena, Louisa, Samantha, Nathan B. and one who died in infancy. The eldest son, Isaac, served in the three-months' service in the late war, and afterward from 1864 till the war closed. Amos Brewer, father of Mrs. P. Wescoat, was a native of North Carolina. He settled in Boss County, Ohio, in 1805, and in 1810 located in this county near the present site of Zaleski. He was a soldier in the war of 1S12. He and his wife, Jane (Graves) Brewer, died at an advanced age. C. L. White was born at Barbarsville, Cabel Co. , W. Ya. , Oct. 29, 1840, the second son of Samuel L. and Rebecca W. (Masterson) White, and a grandson of Christian and Elizabeth White, who em- igrated from Germany about the year 1750 and settled in Lancas- ter and afterward Berks County, Pa., subsequently moving to Shenandoah County, Va., and from thence to Leesburg, Washing- ton Co., East Tenn. His^father moved to Ohio with his family in 1845 and settled in Gallia County, near Centerville. He came to Wilkesville in 1848 and from thence to Ewington in 1850. Being a hatter by trade his business did not afford ample means for his large family of eight children, consequently was not able to furnish his son even moderate advantages of schooling. Therefore young White was early thrown upon his own resources. At the age of fourteen years, in the spring of 1855, he with his brother, Dr. John F. White, chopped 200 cords of wood at Keystone Furnace, Jackson Co., Ohio, and in the spring of 1856 they cut and split 3,000 rails for different parties in the neighborhood, and in the fall of the same year were again engaged in chopping wood and splitting rails, at- tending school during the winter of 1856-'57. He progressed so rap- idly that he and his brother resolved to change their avocation to that of teaching, whereupon he borrowed $25 and commenced attending the academy at Ewington, Aug. 7, 1857. School closed some time in the fall of the same year and -young White walked to Gallipolis, a distance of twenty miles, to the ex- amination of teachers, obtaining a certificate for twelve months, and HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1275 commenced teaching his first school at Harrisburg, Gallia Co., Ohio, Nov. 23. 1857. He attended school at Ewington Academy through the summer and taught during the winter in the counties of Jackson and Gallia until the spring of 1861. He then attended Gallia Academy at Gallipolis, Ohio, finishing his academic course at Ewington Academy, June 20, 1863. Nov. 12, 1863, he was married to Eliza N. Bussard, of Jackson County, Ohio. Removing to Wilkesville in the spring of 1861 lie worked at the tanning business until the fall of the same year, when he volunteered in Company I, First United States Volunteer Engineers, serving until Sept. 30, 1865. After being mustered out he again taught in the common schools of the county until September, 1873, when he took charge of the Union Schools atZaleski, Yinton Co., Ohio, as Superintendent. Jan. 31, 1876, he resigned his position. Having studied law while teaching he was admitted to the bar Sept. 8, 1871, and was elected by the Democracy of his county State's Attorney in October, 1875; re-elected to the same office in 1877 — he was the first Prosecuting Attorney who had ever been re-elected in the county. He gave such satisfaction to the people of his county that he was elected Auditor in 1SS0, in which position lie is now serving. Mr. White possesses peculiar talent and temperament, never yielding to dis- couragements, and always appearing in fine humor. He has won- •d< rful tact in the management of men and seems by intuition to be a natural politician, possessing force of character, energy of purpose, tact in management, and shrewdness in thought that make him at once a leader of no small magnitude. He is recognized by both friends and foes as one of the best and foremost politicians of South- eastern Ohio. Mr. White was a successful laborer, pupil and teacher, receiving the highest wages and employed nearly all his time when so engaged. He is one of the most successful prosecutors his county ever possessed, and has so far given such entire satisfac- tion as an executive official that there seems to be a world of praise for him in the management of his present official duties. Mr. W r hite is yet in the prime of life, and with his usual health and for- mer success in life bids fair to reach many positions of honor and trust within the gift of a generous and confiding people, and cer- tainly has set an example for the young men of to-day to imitate. Mr. and Mrs. White have had three children born to them — Car- rie L., Charles Norwood and James Edgar. The second child died in infancy. Mr. White resides with his wife and children at Mc- Arthur, Ohio, where he enjoys the confidence and esteem of all. 1276 HISTORY OF HOCKIXG VALLEY. ./. P. Whitlatch, ex-County Treasurer, McArthur, is a son of Charles Whitlatch who was born in Monongahela County, Pa., but in early lite settled with his parents in Adams County, Ohio, where he married Eva Wisecup. of German extraction, born in Pennsyl- vania, but reared in Adams County, Ohio. They subsequently settled in Lawrence County, Ohio, where they remained until 1856, when they came to Vinton Furnace, Yinton Co., Ohio, where he died in 1870. His widow died April 14, 1883, in Mc Arthur , Ohio. He was for the greater part of his life a carpenter and wagon-maker. Of his children Joseph P. is the seventh and last child; was born in Lawrence County, Ohio, in 1840, but since six- teen years of age has resided in Vinton County. His youthful days were spent at hard manual labor together with improving the winter months in school. In 1871 he engaged as clerk or coal receiver for the Vinton Furnace, for Bancroft & Rader, and thus continued until his election in 1874 to the office of County Treas- urer. He was re-elected in the fall of 1876. At the expiration of this term he engaged as clerk or ore receiver for J. R. Buchtel & Co. Jan. 26, 1881, he was married to Lydia M., daughter of Edmond Wolfe. They have one child — Eva M. Wm. Whitlatch, Superintendent County Infirmary, McArthur, Ohio, is a brother of J. P. Whitlatch. He was born in Lawrence County, Ohio, June 11, 1838. He came with his parents to Vin- ton County, Ohio, in 1855 or 1856, where he matured and acquired a common-school education. He was reared to public works until his appointment to his present position in 1S76. His care of property, judicious management of his trusts, and econom- ical transactions for the county's institution, is only to be compre- hended by knowing that he has been reappointed six years and is now serving his seventh term. He superintends the county farm of 320 acres, mostly under cultivation, pleasantly situated one and one half miles north of McArthur. His knowledge of agriculture and care to fertilize the soil succeeds in supplying the vegetables and wheat consumed, so that the out-lay by the county is mostly for groceries, dry-goods and medicine. He spares no pains applying his indi- vidual time on the farm, always taking the'lead. The farm contains about 300 maple trees, producing annually considerable syrup. The house of forty-seven rooms is located on the southern part of the farm, a two-story brick with neat and comfortable surroundings. The rooms are well cared for by Mrs. Whitlatch, who devotes her HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1277 entire time to that department, and promoting peace and order within. They have now a capacity of about seventy-five inmates, and at present, April, 1S83, there are fifty-three in the institution — eighteen males and thirty-five females. Mr. Whitlatch married Miss Ellen J., daughter of Conrad Wolf, of Pennsylvania birth, but of German parentage. They have eight children of which seven are living. Mr. Whitlatch makes a specialty of merino sheep and Poland China and Chester White pigs. Of the latter he makes a specialty of breeding, and stands high among stock-breeders of the county. Daniel Will, President of the Vinton County National Bank, was born in Hocking County, Ohio, in 1832, and since nine years of age has been a resident of McArthur. In boyhood his educa- tional advantages were limited. In 1850 he engaged to assist in driving stock to Harrisburg, Pa., at a salary of $11 per month, returning as he went, on foot. That fall he taught a term of school, and the following spring became a clerk in his Uncle Joseph K. Will's store, remaining with him three years at a salary of $125 per year. At the end of that time he went into partnership with his uncle, remaining till 1858. He then withdrew from the Mc- Arthur store and opened a store in Zaleski, soon after taking his father as a partner. After a time lie opened a general store in Mc- Arthur, on purely a cash system, baying and selling for cash, thus being able to buy at large discounts, and sell lower than the general market price. His brothers, Jacob and Aaron, commenced to clerk for him, and in 1865 became partners, the firm still existing. In 1S67 the bank of Will, Brown & Co. was established, and Sept. 1, 1868, was consolidated with the Yinton County Bank, and D. Will was chosen President. In October, 1872, the bank was incorpo- rated with $100,000 capital as the Yinton County National Bank. Mr. Will has always dealt largely in real estate, and now owns nearly 1,200 acres of land, the most of it in Yinton County. He started in life with no capital, but energy and industry, which, coupled with good business principles, has won for him a success- ful business life. Mr. Will is a member of the I. O. O. F., of McArthur. He has never married. George Will, Sr., great-grand- father of Daniel Will, came from Germany to America when the latter was under English rule, and fought for American indepen- dence in the struggle to free the colonies from England's tyranny. He died at Adelphi, Ross Co., Ohio. His son, George Will, Jr., was born in Berks County, Pa., July 3, 1774. At that time edu- 1278 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. cational advantages were very meager, but, either by inheritance or from having it instilled by example, he possessed true patriot- ism, and in 1795, though but a boy, offered his services to defend the country from the French and Indians. At that time he could not write, but, desiring to keep a diary, he madejextraordinary efforts, and the reports of his army service are still extant. We copy the following, written April 25, 1798: "Detroit, 25th April, '98. " This day opens with the pleasing idea of my being my own master, and may the Almighty God that gave me existence and preserved me through the perils I underwent heretofore conduct me with prosperity in my future station. Finis." In 1806 he removed to Adelphi, Ross Co., Ohio. In 1812 he again enlisted, and for his soldierly conduct was given a Captain's commission. Upon his return home he resumed his mercantile business which, in his absence, had been carried on by his wife. About 1827 he assisted his son, Joseph K., in business in Mc Ar- thur, but never became a resident of Vinton County, although as early as 1814 he had entered land where the southern town of Mc- Arthnr now stands. He died in 1845. His son, Jacob G., was born in Somerset County, Pa., in the early part of 1806. He mar- ried Sarah Swinehart, of Adelphi, born in 1806. Soon after his marriage he settled in Salt Creek Township, Hocking County, and seven years later in Hallsville, Ross County, where he carried on the mercantile business. In 1841 he came to Mc Arthur, but in 1846, having met with severe losses by shipping pork, he resumed farming. In 1858 he opened a store in Zaleski, and soon after- ward was appointed Postmaster, holding that position until he resigned in 1881. He was a man weighing 250 pounds, strongly built, and equal to all emergencies that pressed themselves upon him. He had a family of ten children — Joseph B., who died Oct. 19, 1881, being at the time of his death Clerk in the Sixth Audit- or's office of the Treasury Department at "Washington, having been appointed by Salmon P. Chase; George L., of Arkansas; Daniel, of McArthur; Susan E., wife of A. J. Dunkle, of Des Moines, Iowa; Caroline, died in infancy; Jacob S. and Aaron, merchants, of McArthur; Mary A.; Clarissa, wife of George D. Reah, of Zaleski, and Henry C, of Columbus, Ohio. Jacob J. Will died in Zaleski, Dec. 19, 1882. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1279 Andrew Wolf, M. D., Mc Arthur, Ohio, is a son of Christopher and grandson of Andrew Wolf, Sr. The latter was a native of Germany where he matured, but soon after his majority came to America and married a lady who was also of German birth. They both died in Westmoreland County, Penn., where they had settled soon after marriage. He was by occupation a fanner and died, leaving his second wife a widow. Of Andrew, Sr.'s children Christopher, the father of our subject, was the eldest and was born in Westmoreland County, Penn. When only a youth he with his brother George came to Ohio and settled in Ames Township, Athens Co., Ohio, where they after resided. Here they were frontier woodsmen and pioneers, possessing energy, in- dustry and perseverance. Christopher possessed some of the characteristics of Lewis Wetzel, and in consequence had a number of chases with wild animals. He subsequently married Rhoda Dorr, a native of Connecticut and a daughter of Captain Dorr. The Dorr family were early settlers at Marietta where Rhoda was often protected from the red intruders by the block-house. The Dorr family subsequently became early settlers in Athens County, Ohio, where Captain Dorr and wife both died. Rhoda and hus- band, Christopher Wolf, settled in Athens County, Ohio, where they ended their days. They were early and noble pioneers of Hocking Valley and endured many privations that would be diffi- cult to describe by those who have not passed through them. They had ten children — William, Lydia, Andrew, Matthew D., Barak D., Rhoda (died young), Edmond D., Joseph, Jonathan D. and Elizabeth. Of the ten, six are now living, of which our sub- ject is the second eldest and was born in Athens County, Ohio, July 19, 1810. He matured to farm life and had few educational priv- ileges. In early life he, by natural talent, selected for his future the profession of medicine, which his father assisted hiin to com- plete in maturer years by sending him East to read medicine under Dr. Jonathan Dorr, of Cambridge, New York. He graduated at the Medical College of Castleton,Vt.,in the fall of lS34and soon after married Eliza Lottridge, of Rensselaer County, 1ST. Y. In November of the year he graduated he returned to Athens County, and in April, 1835, came to McArthur, where he has since lived and practiced his profession, and is now the oldest resident physician of the county. In August, 1859, he buried his wife who was the mother of four children — Sarah M. (deceased), Anna D. (deceased), Charles B. (deceased), and Lydia M. (now Mrs. 1280 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Dr. Rannells, of Mc Arthur). Dr. Wolf's second wife was Pauline Bryan, of Rensselaer County, N. Y. The Doctor has practiced in McArtliur for nearly half a century and experienced many changes in the profession, as well as seeing Yinton County grow from a wilderness to a well-developed county. His deserving efforts as a practitioner have been favored with success, and he has also accom- plished a neat competency. He has at all times in life been enter- prising and liberal toward all movements tending to make society better, educate the rising generations and establish law and or- der. His self-denial and resolutions to accomplish/whatever he undertakes, integrity, correct habits, and enterprising spirit pre- sent to the struggling youth of to-day' an example worthy of imi- tation. The Doctor, in his old age is somewhat relinquishing his practice and devoting his time partially to that of sheep-raising. CHAPTER XLYI. MADISON, KNOX AND BROWN TOWNSHIPS, CONTAINING ZA- LESKI, THE LARGEST CITY IN THE COUNTY. Madison Township - Original Organization - Surface and Drainage-The Pioneers-Population-Mjneral-Schools and Churches-Assesor's Returns, 1883-Zaleski-Its Religious Educational and Business Interests-Lodges-Manufactories Knox Township-Identical With Madison-Kame and its Ori- gin-Soil and Topography -The First Arrivals-Stock and its Assessment-Only Postoffice-Schools and Churches- JMills — Population. Brown Township-How it Became a Township-Metes and Bounds— The First Settlers-Its Water Supply-What Us ually Happens -Religious Denominations-Population - Transpcrtation-New Plymouth-Its Stock Returns for lbSd-KEMARKS— Agricultural and Mineral- Value as a Stock Township— Biographical. madison and its capital city. When first settled this township belonged to Athens County and was a part of the municipal township of Alexander which was prior to 1818, nearly as large as the whole of Vinton County It afterward formed a part of the original Brown Township of Athens County, which comprised the townships of Brown, Madison and Knox. On the organization of Hocking County, in 1818 this township was divided and the present Brown Township set over into Hocking County, while the present Madison and Knox formed Brown Township of Athens County. This relation remained until the organization of Vinton County in 1850, when the two Brown lownslnps were again thrown together, not to be merged into one again, but to help form a new county, and were designated as JNorth Brown and South Brown Townships. Dec. 2, 1850 Knox Township was formed from South Brown and Lee Township of Athens County, and March 2, 1852, in compliance with a 'pe- tition from the inhabitants to the county commissioners the latter 81 (1281) 1282 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. changed the name of the township from "South Brown" to "Madi- son." As left at this time, and as it still remains, Madison Town- ship is two thirds the size of a congressional township, being six miles north and south by four miles east and west. It is bounded on the north by Brown, east by Knox, south by Yinton, and west by Elk Township. SURFACE AND DRAINAGE. The surface of this township is very much broken and irregular. The soil is thin with the exception of the valleys, which are nar- row but remarkably fertile. The uplands consist for the most part of bluffs interspersed by deep ravines, many of them quite rugged and bare with the exception of a feeble growth of trees. Some portions of this township are, however, more available to cultiva- tion and grazing, more especially the latter. The drainage of the entire township finds its way to Raccoon Creek, some from the southern part through Elk Fork, but mostly through smaller branches directty to the main creek, which flows through the north- western corner of the township. A peculiar feature in the drainage of this township which shows the remarkable irregularity of its sur- face is the winding and irregular course of some of its streams. One of them, called Wheelabout Creek, rises in the northeastern part of the township within half a mile of Raccoon, but starts in an almost opposite direction, and after a course of about six miles, em- bracing between it and the main creek an area of at least ten square miles, returns and empties into the latter. Although grazing and agricultural pursuits are carried on to some extent the township is principally valuable for its minerals, coal and iron, both of which are taken from the hills. With the outlet furnished by the C, W. & B. R. R. (late M. & C.) which passes through the northern part of the township along the valley of Raccoon Creek, mining comprises one of the chief industries of the inhabitants. The first settler to make his home in this township was Joseph Wallace; then followed Abraham Bryson, William Fee, John Hal- dren and Abraham Johnson. The first census after the township had a separate organization was taken in I860, and showed the population to be 782. In 1S70 it was 1,623, and in 1880, 2,217. The greater part of the inhabit- ants live in the northeastern half of the township, which in places is quite thickly settled. Almost all of the real estate in the west- ern half of the township and all of the southern row of sections HISTORY* OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1283 are owned by large mining corporations and as a consequence have but few residents. Zaleski, the only town of consideration in the township, and in fact the largest town in Yinton County, is in the northwestern corner of this township, on sections 35 and 29. It is on the main line of the C.,W. & B. E. R., which enters the town- ship from the west, near the northwest corner of section 34, and runs in a northeasterly direction along the valley of the Raccoon Creek, through sections 35, 29 and 30, leaving the township a little west of the middle of the north boundary line. THE MINERALS. Coal, iron ore and fire-clay are found in abundance in the town- ship, especially the first and last. The coal vein at Zaleski is about four feet in thickness, with two clay partings, one of three inches and the other one inch, the widest vein being two feet ten inches. There are other veins above and below this, and also in other parts of the township. The iron ore has not been mined extensively, as some of the ore first found did not prove satisfactory. SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES. There are in this township eight schools outside of the town of Zaleski. According to the enumeration of 1883 there were 3-13 pupils in the township — 174 males and 169 females. In 1882, 258 pupils were enrolled, the average attendance being 160. The total value of the school property in the township outside of Zaleski is $3,453. There are but two churches in the township outside of Zaleski. assessor's returns, 1883. The returns of the assessor June 1, 1883, give the valuation of personal property in Madison Township at §7,5,685. The same re- turns report the number of heads of stock as follows: Horses, 201, valued at $9,380; cattle, 562, valued at $9,937; sheep, 1,185, valued at $2,575; hogs, 324, valued at $1,400. zaleski. On a rise of ground above the west bank of Raccoon Creek, which at this point runs nearly north, lies the pleasant village of Zaleski. It was named in honor of Peter F. Zaleski, a native of Poland, as the name indicates, and a leading member of the Za- leski Mining Company, who still own large tracts of land in the 1284 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. vicinity. The town was laid out on this company's land in 1856, the survey and plot being made by H. B. Robison. Important additions have since been made by J. F. Heseltine and R. Thomp- son, and one in 1S78 by John F. Sands. For many years it was simply a mining town in which the houses were owned by the mining company, occupied by their employes, and in which the mercantile business was confined to the same proprietors. Zaleski, however, has grown gradually, and much of the property having passed into the hands of private, citizens she has, in a manner, lost her identity as a mining town. In 1870, after sixteen years of existence, the town had 690 inhabitants, and in 1880, 1,175. The mineral outlook at this place once seemed so good that proprietors looked ahead with hope that Zaleski should soon expand into a flourishing city. But the ores proved less rich than was anticipated, and the deep wells bored for oil only produced gas and water. Near the town one of these wells was sunk to a depth of 900 feet, from which a constant flow of water still issues. THE POSTOFFICE was established about the time the town was laid out in 1S56. John D. Yanderford was appointed first Postmaster. He held the office about four years when John Walsh became his successor. Jacob G. Will succeeded Walsh and held the office several years, dur- ing which it was made a money-order office. Mr. Will was followed by J. P. Kinkead, who held the office but a short time when W. H. B. Sands, the present Postmaster, was appointed. The leading BUSINESS INTERESTS of Zaleski at the present time are as follows: Zaleski Company, general store; Hulberttfe Robinson, general store; S. McISTamara & Co., general store; J. G. Will & Co., general store; E. Wag- oner, general store; Thomas Kinney, dry goods; Mrs. John Gilli- lan, millinery, and 'J. P. Cauty, hardware. It has also one hotel, two physicians and two resident ministers. Two newspapers have had existence in this little town, but neither acquired sufficient strength to endure " the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune," and so passed in succession off the field of action. The first was the Zaleski Herald, established in 1865. At the end of one year it changed hands and the name was changed to the Zaleski Echo. Under this name it was run up to 1869, when it was discontin-ucd. The Raccoon Navigator was started in 1S67, but was published only a few months. The Zaleski s % "- UMJbb HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1285 PUBLIC SCHOOLS have been gradually improved until now the system is well organ- ized, comprising six departments, which are taught by a superin- tendent and five assistant teachers. The original school building was erected in 1S72, to which a large addition has since been attached. The enrollment tor 1882 was 325, the average attend- ance 225. In the first ten years of the school's existence, ending in 1882, the average attendance increased from 160 to 225 pupils. CHURCHES. The M. E, Church of Zaleski was organized in 1861 by Rev. John Steward. It has been a flourishing church society ever since its organization, having at present a membership of about 100 per- sons. The present Church Trustees are Robert Thompson, J. D. Brown, T. L. Watkins, J. E. Spicer, J. F. Higgins, J. P. Kinkead, R. G. Freeman, J. G. Will and John F. Sands. The church has an active working Sabbath-school, superintended by R. Thompson. The present neat church building was erected in 1S81, at a cost of about $2,500. It is 80x40 feet in dimensions. The Roman Catholic Church at this place was permanently established in about 1860. Irregular meetings had been held at private houses since 1857. The first meetings were held in this year by Father John Tearney at the house of Mr. Graham. In 1863 steps were taken toward building a church edifice which resulted a few years after in the completion of their present fine church at|a cost of about $6,000. A few years later the rectory adjoining the church was built at a cost of about $2,000. The suc- cessive priests in charge have been: Fathers McMann, Tearney, Kaurtsan, McSweeney, O'Riley, O'Brien, Hagen and Sleven. The Mission Baptist Church was organized here in January, 1881, by Rev. E. W. Lloyd. He came at the request of seven resident members of this denomination and held a series of meet- ings whichfresulted in raising the membership to seventy-four at the end of three months after organization. The membership at the present time numbers about 100. This society has a church building 28x42 feet in dimensions and a resident minister. In connection with the church is a good and well-attended Sabbath- school. 1286 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. LODGES. Zaleskl Lodge, No. 472, A. F. & A. M., was chartered October, 1873, and incorporated December, 1S80. The charter members were: A. W. Ullom, Kobt. Thompson, T. Knauss, Frank Knauss. Geo. Calvery, Jacob Senger, C. Stocklin, Geo. Frank, J. G. Will, £. Fischer, D. Pinney, Geo. Walters, J. A. Pntz and G. B. Smidley. The present G. M. is Robert Thompson. The membership at the present time numbers about fifty. The lodge owns a hall, a fine new building, 36x70 feet in size and three stories high. T. It. Stanley Post, No. 223, G. A. B., was established at Zaleski in May, 1882, by Frank Towsley, of Athens. Its charter members numbered twenty-three, of whom J. E. Spicer held the office of P. 0.; E. S. Morgan, S. Y. C. ; A. P. Brewer, Adjutant, and John To well, Q. M. The post has at present seventy-six members, has a regular hall for meetings and a fund on hand of 8250. MANUFACTORIES. The Zaleskl Flouring Mill, the property of A. Robinson, was built in- 1S63, at a cost of about $6,000. The building is a frame structure, 24 x 60 feet, and three stories high. The motive power is a fine thirty-six horse-power engine. The mill produces a good article of flour and meal and does a large custom work. C, W. & B. Car Shops. — These shops were built by the M. & C. company in 1S6- and for many years constituted the leading indus- trial feature of the town. Previous to September, 1874, 240 men were constantly employed in these shops. But at this time, Sept. 9, 1874, all the buildings except the foundry and round-house were burned to the ground, making a loss to the company of S75.000. They were at once re-built so as to begin work again the following year, but not as extensively as before, employing but 100 men. KNOX TOWNSHIP. ONCE A PAST OF ATHENS COUNTY. This township was organized as a separate body Dec. 2. 1850. Its history prior to this time is identical with that of Madison Township, as they together formed a part of or the whole of the same body. Both wore at first a part ot Alexander Township. Athens County, afterward a part of Brown Township, Athens HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1287 County; still later the two together formed Brown Township of Athens County, then South Brown Township of Yinton County, and finally were divided, as they now stand, into Madison and Knox townships of Yinton County. As a result of a petition presented to the county commissioners of Yinton, signed b} T David Y. Benjamin and forty others, the following order was made by that body Dec. 2, 1850: "That the two tiers of sections which formerly belonged to Lee Township in Athens County, and which was now attached to the township of Brown in this county, and the two tiers of sections which formerly belonged to the township of Brown in Athens County, forming originally the east end of that township, be erected into a new township to be known by the name of Knox." The name of Knox was given in honor of General Knox, the name having been suggested by Jeremiah Martin. It is two thirds of a congressional township. It is bounded on the north by Brown Township and Athens County, on the east by Athens County, on the south by Athens County and Yinton Town- ship, and on the west by Madison Township. SURFACE AND DRAINAGE. The surface of this township is very rough with the exception of a narrow strip of bottom on the banks of Raccoon Creek, which runs through the center of the township from north to south. Nearly the entire area is made up of a s} T stem of rugged bluffs. Raccoon Creek with its small tributaries drains the township. This creek enters the township from the north near the northwest corner, flows southeasterly and south in a winding course through the center of the township, leaving it near the southeast corner of section 31. OLD SETTLERS. Joseph Yaughn was born in what is now Lee Township, Athens County, in 1808. His parents were David and Mary Yaughn, for- merly residents of one of the New England States. "While a young man Joseph Yaughn settled in the Raccoon Yalley, only a few miles from the place of his birth, in what is now Knox Township. John Haklren was another old settler reared in this township, who lived to the extraordinary age of nearly 100 years. Moses Quick was another of the earliest settlers in the township. He was born in 1S03, came to the township whea young man, 1288 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. where he spent the remainder of his life. He raised a family of seventeen children. This township, if remarkable in nothing else, has a splendid record for large families. One old gentleman still living here is the father of twenty-eight children, and an old lady, still living, has 108 descendants in children, grand-children and great-grand -chil- dren. Coal and iron ore are known to exist in the hills of this township but as yet they have not been developed to any extent. A number of coal banks have been opened in the northeastern part of the township but only for local use. STOCK AND ASSESSED VALUATION. Knox Township assessors' returns to June 1, 1883, gives the assessed valuation of the personal property of the township at $44,- 705. The stock returned was: 227 horses, valued at $11,495; 515 cattle, valued at $9,810; 2,607 sheep, valued at $5,690; 361 hogs, valued at $1,386. THE ONLY POSTOFFICE in Knox Township is at Bolen's Mill. This is in the south central part of the township, on section 32. The office was established in about 1842, when John L. Smith was appointed first Postmaster. He was succeeded by Jacob Lentler, who held it until his death, when his son, R. W. Lentler, was appointed. He held the office for a number of years when he resigned, and the office was discon- tinued. It was again revived in 1878, when John Stout, present Postmaster, was appointed. SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES. There are seven schools in Knox Township, the property of which is valued at $1,200. The average schooling in the township has been twenty-four weeks out of the year. The average wages paid to teachers in 1882 was to males $25 and to females $22 per month. Madison Free-Will Baptist Church is situated on the northeast corner of section 32. It was organized in 1868 by Revs. Tewks- berry and Robinson. The building is an old and much dilapidated log hut, 20 x 24 feet in size. It has an active Sabbath-school, with an average attendance of twenty-five. Near the church is a beauti- ful little cemetery. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1289 Harkins Chapel is situated near the western border of the town- ship, on section 8. A church had existed in the vicinity since 1870, but in 1879 the members divided, forming two societies, one holding to the old faith of the United Brethren and the other becom- ing a Methodist Protestant society. The United Brethren branch built the present Harkins Chapel at a cost of about $1,300. The present membership is about thirty-eight. The present Pastor is Rev. Mr. Lewer. Bethel Church is situated on the bank of Raccoon Creek, on sec- tion 35. The building was started by a lodge of the patrons of husbandry, but being left unfinished was bought by this Methodist society and completed in 1879. The society has always been a small one, but by the persevering and faithful energy of its few members the society has been kept alive and prospering. It has at present fifteen members. Their present Pastor is the Rev. Mr. Schire. MILLS. The old Bolen Mills were built in about 1845 by "William Bolen,. who owned and ran them until 1868 when they passed into the hands of their present owner, Robert Skelly. The mill is situated • on the bank of Raccoon, on section 32. The building is a large frame, two stories high, and contains two sets of burrs and a saw- mill. The mills were originally run by water-power, but an engine has been placed in the building to use in case the water-power should be too low. The Foster Mills, a grist and saw-mill combined, is situated on the bank of Raccoon Creek, on section 35. They were originally built in 1830 but were again thoroughly rebuilt in 1872. The building is a large three-story frame, 10 x 50 feet in size, and is now owned by Aaron Martin and John Stanley. There are two sets of burrs and a saw-mill, all run by water-power. POPULATION. The population of Knox Township was first given in the census report of 1860 at 475; in 1870 it was 559, and in 1880, 947, and it has now about 1,000. BROWN TOWNSHIP. HOW IT ORIGINATED. It lies in the extreme northeast corner of Vinton County. At the time of its settlement it belonged to Athens County, and then to Hocking County, for when Hocking County sprang into existence 1290 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Brown was given to it, and upon the formation of Yinton was con- tributed to enlarge her domains. In early days it was also apart of Starr Township, which embraced a large territory in this locality, but was afterward divided and that portion lying in township 11 and range 16 was called Brown. It is bounded on the north by Hocking County, on the east by Athens County, on the south by Knox and Madison townships and on the west by Swan Township. Its general appearance is hilly, rough and broken, and much of its surface is hardly suitable for cultivation and is only valued for the deposit of minerals which it contains. ITS WATER SUPPLY. The township is well watered in the north and west portion by Little Raccoon Creek and Two-Mile Run, and in the southern and eastern part by Raccoon Creek and Big Sand Run. These, with several smaller tributaries, give to the land a natural drainage, and along their several bottoms are to be found some excellent farming lands. FIRST SETTLERS. John Wright was the first settler and built his cabin in the north- west part of the township, near where New Plymouth is now lo- cated; then came Francis Bartlett and family. Isaac Lash came soon after and settled on section 35. The first school was kept in the house of Francis Bartlett, and the first teacher was Mrs. Everetts. The first school-house was built of logs in about 1824, about one-half mile northeast from where New Plymouth now stands. The first sermon was preached by the Rev. Lindley, from Athens. The first church was built by the Presbyterians in New Plymouth. The first and only mill ever in the township is owned by Peter Reasoner and is now used to crack corn. There are seven schools in Brown Township, all well attended. The school-houses are substantial frame buildings. CHURCHES. Presbyterian Church, of Hocking County, was organized Sept. 1, 1829, by Rev. George Warner, assisted by Rev. John Spaul- ding a committee of the Athens Presbytery for that purpose. The first Elders were Solomon and Sylvanus Finney and John A. Butin. Rev. George Warner was the first stated supply. The church at HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1291 the time of its organization consisted of about twenty members. The present Pastor is Rev. Stevenson. Their present house was built in 1878 and cost about $3,000. It has at the present time a membership of about 100. The Methodist Episcopal church at New Plymouth was organ- ized in about 1855 in the building now occupied by J. G. Egleston & Co., as a store. They built their church in about 1859. The first Pastor was Rev. E. V. Bing. Their present membership numbers about twenty members and the pastorate is in charge of the Rev. Wilson Dick. There is also another Methodist Episcopal church at a little placa called Coalmont. Taey worship in the school-house at that place. United Brethren. — This church is located on section 29, and was organized at a very early day. They still worship in the old log church and have a respectable membership. POPULATION. The population of Brown Township in 1860 was 874, and in 1870 it had reached 1,297. The census of 1880 shows a decrease of even more than the natural increase, the population being only 1,241. NEW PLYMOUTH was laid out at an early day and took its name from Plymouth, Mass., from which the first settlers came. It has at the present time about 150 inhabitants and its business interests consist of two general stores. There are two blacksmith shops and one harness shop, a postoflice, two churches and one school. The first postoflice was established in Brown Township in 1850 at New Plymouth with H. S. Brinkley for its first Postmaster. The present Postmaster is J. V. Egleston. There is also a post- office at Hope Station, on the M. & C. R. R., with S. D. Egleston as Postmaster at that point. The township officers for 1883 are: Trustee, Alvin Finney; Clerk, W. W. Scott; Treasurer, J. V. Egleston; Justices of the Peace, J. W. Poland, W. W. Scott; Assessor, J. M. Saverly. Among the pioneers of this locality were Abraham Bryson, William Fee, John Haldren and Abraham Johnson. BIOGRAPHICAL MADISON AND KNOX. O. A Atkinson was born in Southampton County, Va., July 9, 1842. He is a son of James and Margaret (Scharbrough) Atkin- son, now living in Putman County, W. Va. Mr. Atkinson moved 1292 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. from Virginia to Belmont County, Ohio, when he was four years old, and from there to West Virginia in 1850. In 1852 he moved back to Ohio, Athens County, and in 1856 came to Vinton County, where he has since lived. He enlisted Sept. 30, 1864, and served one year. He was in Sherman's raid through Georgia and was discharged June 30, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. Jan. 26, 1864, he was married to Sarah M. Keller, who died April 1, 1872. They had five children, of whom four are yet living — Charles E., Calvin E., Lydia E. and George. Nora died at the age of three years and eight months. Aug. 22, 1873, Mr. Atkinson was married to Acha A. Reynolds. They have four children — Helas L., Estella, Homer V. and Jennie V. Mr. Atkinson joined the Masonic order some time ago and soon afterward became a Master Mason. He is also a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, No. 223, and is Quartermaster of the same. He belongs to the Methodist Episco- pal church. Morris Allbaugh was born in Harrison County, Ohio, March 20, 1823, the son of Morris and Elizabeth (Stone) Allbaugh. His father died in 1855 and his mother in 1857. His boyhood days were spent on the farm in the summer and in going to school in the winter until he was about sixteen years old. He then moved near Prattsville where he lived until 1873 when he came to Zaleski. He has lived to be sixty years old and has never voted out of the township in which he now lives, and has always voted the Demo- cratic ticket. He has been Township Trustee twenty-five years, holding the office for a period of eleven consecutive years. He held the office of Land Appraiser one term, and in 1866 was elected to the office of County Commissioner. In 1844 he was married to Fanny England, daughter of William and Mary England. Mrs. England is yet living with Mr. Allbaugh at the age of seventy- nine years. They are the parents of ten children, seven now liv- ing — Sarah E., William A., Christiana A., Mary E., Harvey H., Homer D. and George J. A daughter died in infancy. Alsinus M.. died with consumption in the fall of 1870, and Morris V. was killed in the coal mines in the spring of 18S2. Mr. Allbaugh is a member of the Masonic order. I. V. Brewer was born June 30, 1837, in Vinton County, Ohio, and is the son of Nathan and Sarah (Fee) Brewer, who were resi- dents of Vinton County. His father came from North Carolina and was o ne of the old pioneers of this county. Jan. 2, 1865, Mr. Brewer was married to Nancy Brison, a daughter of Abraham and VALLEY. - ~ere among the old settle - - Mrs. ] eight *., Sai - .. - " .' C - L.. Abraham F.. • Mr. I on a farm and or.". the public straggle to g .. bat be: mar. : . t .rough the man. In 1882 - - - " - len a ts of 1 Frederick _ schools o1 - mem- a that His rroml fc 1843 to Vint $76. 27, 1818, t Koglen. - . —John 30 - [r.] ■ E - .". J 1 is born Jan. ] i • through] to Z - si - ■ ■ . - - - ■ . . _ I He - t* Adam .. - ': 1294 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. of six children, five of whom are living — William, Philip, Fred, Mollie and Lenora. Catharine, a lovely little daughter, died at the age of seven years, three months and sixteen days. John A. Putz was born April 14, 1832, in Germany, a son of John J. and Sophia Putz. He came to this country with his par- ents in 1846 and settled in Milwaukee, Wis. In 1864 he came to Ohio, locating in Chillicothe, where he took charge of the paint shops for the M. & C. R. R. Co. HVcame to Zaleski in 1871 and has since been general superintendent of the paint-shops here. Mr. Putz was educated in Germany, where he graduated in the- scientific course when he was about sixteen years old. He after- ward took a theological course in Milwaukee and Chillicothe, where he was prepared for the ministry, and in 1867 was ordained in the Old School Presbyterian church. He is a very fine scholar and a fluent speaker. He was married on Feb. 15, 1851, to Miss Matilda Esslinger, a daughter of George Esslinger, who lived in Wiscon- sin. They are the parents of eleven children, nine of whom are living — Ida, Augustus, Iddo, Oscar, Matilda, George, Charles, Frank and Edward. Monroe died at the age of five, and Johnny at the age of two years. O. S. Rannells, M. D., was born April 28, 1844, in Guernsey County, Ohio, and is a son of Samuel J. and Rachel (Hues) Ran- nells. Mr. Rannells's parents came in 1850 to what was then Hock- ing County but soon afterward became Vinton County, being an early settler of this county. His father was a very prominent law- yer in his time. He practiced a number of years, but had to give it up on account of his health. After he gave up the practice of law he bought a farm where he lived until his death in 1856. C. S*. Rannells was educated in the Union schools at Mc Arthur un- til he was nineteen years old, when he enlisted in the army in Com- pany L, One Hundred and Twenty-sixth Cavalry. He entered the- army as a private, but was soon promoted to Orderly Sergeant and was soon afterward promoted to the rank of Second Lieutenant, and after a year was again promoted to First Lieutenant which po- sition he held until he was mustered out in November, 1865, at Camp Chase, Ohio. He was in the battle of Mt. Sterling, Ky., against John Morgan, and at Marion, Va. He was in an action against John C. Breckenridge, and a number of other battles of less importance. He was in the company that pursued Jeff Da- vis from Charlotte, N. C, to Georgia, where he (Davis) was capt- ured by AYilson's men. He began the study of medicine in 186-7 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1295 and graduated in Starling Medical University in 1871, and began the practice of his profession in McArthar, and four years later came to Zaleski, where he has built up a large practice. lie was married June 23, 1875, to Mary L. Hawk, a daughter of John S. Hawk, who lives in Hamden, Ohio. They have one child — Cora F. Levi Robinett was born Aug. 4, 1S35, in Athens County, Ohio, and 'is a son of Amos and Sarah Robinett, who were born and reared in that county. His father died in the army at Huttons- ville, Va., in 1862, at the age of fifty-one years. His mother died Feb. 4, 1883, at the age of seventy-live years. Mr. Robinett was reared on a farm, and like most other boys received only a com- mon education in the public schools. He lived in Athens County until he was thirty-three years old, when he came to Vinton County, where he now lives. Nov. 9, 1856, he was married to Julia A. Cottrill, born April 2, 1837, a daughter of Andrew and Eliza Cottrill, who were residents of Athens County. Mr. Cottrill died April 1, 1870, at the age of sixty-six. Mrs. Cottrill is yet liv- ing, at the age of seventy-five. Mr. and Mrs. Robinett are the parents of three children— F. M., Roda J. (who is the wife of Henry Sockel), and Mary V. Mr. Robinett belongs to the Masonic order, Lodge No. 156, at Albany, Ohio, and is a Master Mason. His son, F. M. Robinett, is also a Master Mason. Mr. Robinett is a man that takes great pride in fine stock, and has some of the best Durham cattle, Chester hogs, merino sheep, Lexington horses and shepherd dogs in the county. He owns 148 acres of line land. He has served five years as Township Treasurer. Allen Robinson was born in Scott County, Ky., Nov. 27, 1845, a son of Alfred Robinson, who is a farmer and stock-raiser, and is yet living at the age of seventy-seven. Mr. Robinson moved from Virginia, where he was engaged in the oil business, to Ohio, in 1870, and is now engaged in the mercantile business. He was educated in Frankfort, Ky., until he was about fourteen years old. He is one of the leading business men of Zaleski, a partner in the firm of Robinson & Hubbert. They carry a full line of goods and have an average sale of about $35,000 a year. Mr. Robinson was married Oct. 14, 1866, to Amanda C. Day, lyy whom he has three children — Wirt, Buenavista and Homer. Mr. Robinson is one of the best business men in the town. In addition to his interest in the mercantile business he is engaged in milling, being the pro- prietor of the Zaleski Steam Flouring Mills. He has been Justice of the Peace nine years. 1296 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLET. John F. Sands, son of Jo3hua and Betsey (Call) Sands, was born in Elmira, N. Y., Feb. 7, 1841. His parents came to Hocking County, Ohio, in 1851. His educational advantages were limited, and he obtained the most of his knowledge of books by studying after his day's work was done. June 23, 1863, he married Sarah J., daughter of Joseph and Julia A. Lange. They are the parents of six children, five now living — Frederick A. , John E., William Pea- body, Julia A. and George 1ST. Clarissa died Dec. 25, 1866, aged three years and seven months. Mr. Sands's father was born March 7, 1802, a son of John Wilkes, and grandson of Nathaniel Sands, who came to America from England, between 1725 and 1750, set- tling on Long Island. He was a railroad contractor, and at the time of coming to Ohio was engaged to construct the Scioto & Hocking Valley, now known as the River Division of the Colum- bus, Hocking Valley & Toledo Railroad. He has seven children, five sons and two daughters — W. H. B., Postmaster at Zaleski; A. C, conductor; James W., track superintendent; Frank C, clerk, and John F., station agent and telegraph operator for the M. & C. R. R. Amelia M., now Mrs. Mark Horth, resides in Sal- amanca, N. Y., and Clarissa A. B. is a missionary of the Baptist church, now in Yokohama, Japan. Mr. Sands has been superin- tendent of the C.,W. & B. depot at Zaleski twenty-six years. Robert Skeliy, the proprietor of the Bolen Mills, was born Nov. 1, 1S10, in Pennsylvania, but came to Athens County when he was very young, and has since made his home in this part of Ohio. In 1S35 he was married to Almira Porter. They were the parents of eight children — Rlioda B., Eliza A., Elizabeth E., Rod nev, Axey, Rhoda, Lee and Harriet. His second marriage was to Mrs. Annie Chime, by whom he has four children, three now liv- ing — Jasper, George and Jane. One died in infancy. Mr. Skelly is a very prominent citizen of Vinton County. He has been Town- ship Treasurer for about five years. \n E. Spicer was born in Jackson County, Ohio, April 11, L8 B, and is a son of G. W. and Rachel Spicer. who were born in Culpeper County. Va.. in 1814 and 1816. Mr. Spicer moved to Vinton County in 1S57. where he has lived nearly all the time since. a the call was made for volunteers he was among the first to and enlisted in^the Twelfth Ohio Infantry, June 19, 1861. lie served until Jan. 1. 1864, when he re-enlisted in the same reg- iment, which was afterward consolidated with the Twenty-third vard known by the latter name. He was in HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1297 one of the first battles of the war (battle of Scary Creek) in West Virginia, where he was wounded in the left arm. Aug. 27, 1S62, he was in the second battle of Bull Run, and was taken prisoner there, but was afterward paroled. After this he was in the bat- tles of Antictam and South Mountain, in September, 1862. In 1863 he was in the battle of Fayetteville, W. Ya., and several oth- ers of less importance. In the battle of Cloyd Mountain, W. Ya., he was wounded and taken prisoner, May 9, 1864, and remained in prison until December, 1864. He was in the prisons in Ander- sonville, Savannah and Millen, Ga. On account of his wounds and disability he was discharged March 1, 1865, when he came home, and as soon as he was able to attend to business was appointed Postmaster at Oak Hill, Jackson Co., Ohio, which office he held four years when he resigned, and took the position as general mana ger of merchandise at Maybee's, Jackson Co., Ohio. Two years later he accepted the position as engineer of the railroad shops for the M. & C. R. R. Company, which he held four years. During the panic of 1873 he went into the hardware business in Hamden, Ohio. Shortly after that he became a member of the firm of Clay- ton & Spicer, in Zaleski, Ohio, which business he continued in a year and withdrew. In 1875 he began work for the Zaleski Compa- ny as coal-weigher, and continued as such for two years, when he was promoted to the general superintendency of the Zaleski Company's store. Feb. 5, X865, he was united in marriage to Miss Emma Ileggins, daughter of W. D. and Martha Heggins, who now live in Zaleski. Mr. Heggins is Mayor of the town. They have three children — Clarence M., Ida M. and Minnie B. Mr. Spicer is a member of the Blue Lodge, No. 472, Zaleski, Ohio, and McAr- thur Chapter, No. 102, Royal Arch Masons. lie is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and Assistant Superintendent of the Sunday-school. He is also a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, T.[ R. Stanley Post, No. 223. He is Post Com- mander. M. C. Winget, a resident of Madison Township, was born Feb. 28, 1826, in Greene County, Pa., and is a son of Caleb and Martha Winget. His mother died when he was quite young, but his father is yet living, aged about seventy-nine years. In 1841 Mr. Winget moved from Pennsylvania to Knox County, Ohio, where he lived eight years. He learned the stone mason and plasterer's trade, serving an apprenticeship of three summers. From there he moved to Meigs County, Ohio, where he lived three years, and 82 2298 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. from there came to Yinton County. He was married in December, 1844, to Nancy Berry, daughter of John and Jane Berry. They had nine children, six now living— Henry, Margaret J., Sophro- nia, Stephen F., Isaac C. and James. Rholden died June 17, 1868; Mary R, July 28, 1854, and Emily, Aug. 1, 1856. Mrs. Winget died April 18, 1873. Feb. 5, 1880, Mr. Winget married Judith Clewell, daughter of John and Lydia Clewell. They are the parents of one child — Elmira C. Mr. Winget is a member of the Protestant Methodist church and has been a local preacher for twenty years. He was an ordained minister of the Methodist Episcopal church three years. Although he only had the advantage of a common-school education and that being limited to a great extent, he is a man of more than ordinary talent. As an example of his ability, we add the following composed by him while meditating upon his boyhood days in Pennsylvania: " Far, far away from here on the high and lofty plains of the great Keystone State, in peace and content I passed the days of my childhood. It was told me in life's summer day that pleasure streams did flow along the thorny path of life. I did not find it so. The reminiscences of the past are now present with me as the busy hum of population died away on the distant sinking and swelling forest. The songster in the arbor pouring forth his vesper song of praise on the topmost twig of the tall arch tree, as if he thought the nearer he could make his perch to heaven the sweeter his voice would sound. The mourning dove with wings all covered with silver and feathers of shining gold had fled away to the nightly bower. The star that melted away in the light of heaven when the brighter sun rose on the world was gleaming through the night- fall gloom. The sun had spent his fury amid the golden clouds of the Western skies. Then stationing his red sentinels in the West- ern hemisphere amid his own departing glory gone to shine on other lands. I stood on the rising ground looking far away the distance of forty miles upon that blue ridge called Laurel Hill, and as the evening shades prevailed the little firefly lit up the swamps as pleasant as the air of a summer evening when it floats among the trees. Those juvenile days and years have long since receded and passed away, and on this beautiful month of May, eighteen hundred and eighty-three, my meridian sun is shining bright and I trust will still continue until I shake off this mortal coil and step down into the packet of death and put on the wardrobe of the skies to join the lookout angel standing on the hill of Zion." HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1299 BROWN. J. A. Ankram, born in Yinton County, Ohio, June 18, 1859, is a son of J. P. and Jemima (Ewing) Ankram, his father a native of Vinton County and his mother of Jackson County, Ohio. He is the eldest of a family of seven children. He was educated in the schools of McArthur. He began his business life as a clerk in his father's store at McArthur, and afterward came to the branch store at New Plymouth, where he clerked till June 1, 18S2. At that time he purchased the stock and is now doing a good business, having a complete stock of general merchandise, dry-goods, boots and shoes, notions, groceries, etc. May 18, 1882, he married Ab- bie Townsend, a native of Meigs County, Ohio, born Feb. 28, 1860. Sylvanus Bartlett, carpenter, was born in Athens, Ohio, Jan. 9, 1827, but was reared in New Plymouth, Vinton County, and early learned the carpenter's trade. March 7, 1850, he married Ma- hala Withrow, a native of Ross County, Ohio, born Jan. 17, 1834. Ten children have been born to them, only six now living — Eliz- abeth, Alvin, Catherine, Harriet, Ruth and John. Aug. 12, 1861, Mr. Bartlett enlisted in Company B, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and served one year as private. He was then promoted to First Lieutenant. At the expiration of his term of service he enlisted in the First United States Veteran Engineers and served over a year, being discharged at Nashville, Tenn., in November, 1865. He has held the offices of Township Trustee and Township Asses- sor. He is a member of the Presbyterian church. William L. Bartlett, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in the house where he now lives, on section 36, Brown Township, Feb. 4, 1839. His father, Sylvanus Bartlett, was born in Plymouth, Mass., in 1799, and died Sept. 29, 1849. His mother, Amanda (Bingham) Bartlett, was born near Athens, Ohio, July 10, 1798, and died Dec. 2, 1881. Mr. Bartlett is one of a family of nine children, five now living, four of whom were in the late war. He enlisted Aug. 12, 1861, in Company B, Eighteenth Ohio Infantry, and served three years. At the battle of Chickamauga he was wounded, a minie-ball hitting him in the right breast and coming out of the left breast, breaking tiie breast-bone. After his recovery he was placed in the Veteran Reserve Corps, and was in "Wash- ington the greater part of the time till his discharge. Upon his return home he resumed his former occupation, and at present is making a specialty of merino sheep, having 185 head. He has 1300 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 320 acres of land, residing on section 36. Oct. 24, 1866, he married Mary M. Graham, of Washington County, Ohio, born Oct. 24, 1846. They have five children — Ella, Henry, Mary, Jane and Maud. Mr. and Mrs. Bartlett are members of the Presbyterian church. James Briggs was born in Tioga County, Pa., Sept. 11, 1817, and when four years of age came with his parents to Ohio, locating near his present residence. His father, Simeon Briggs, was boin in Freetown, Mass., in 1777, and died in 1859. His mother, Re- becca (Pitts) Briggs, was born in Taunton, Mass., in 1787, and died July 30, 1869. James was the youngest of nine children. He received his education in this county, being reared to the life of a farmer. He has 318 acres of good land, residing on section 33, Brown Township. He makes a specialty of stock-raising. He was married in June, 1842, to Lucinda Tinkham, a native of Massachusetts, born in 1814. She died in 1869, leaving a family of seven children, five now living — Simeon, now living in Macon County, Mo.; Volney, in Montana: Deborah, in Nebraska; Mary A. and William James, in Kansas. Feb. 15, 1871, Mr. Briggs married Mrs. Permelia Gould, a native of Edmonson County, Ky., seven miles from the Mammoth Cave. Dr. William C. Cline was born July 20, 1825, in West Vir- ginia, and when twelve years of age came with his father to Meigs County, Ohio, where he remained three years. At the age of fifteen he went to the college at Albany, Athens County, which he attended till 1847. He then commencedhis study of medicine, and • graduated at the Medical School, at Columbus, Ohio, in 1850. In the same year he located at Wilkesville, where he still follows his profession with much success, and is now classed among the wealthiest citizens, of Vinton County. He at one time owned 1,400 acres of valuable land, butatpresent has but 700 acres. In 1879- '80 he represented his district in the State Senate. The Doctor was married in 1851 to Miss Virginia Althor, who was born in Greenbrier County, W. Va. They had one child — George W., born Dec. 12, 1853, who died April 23, 1881, mourned by a large number of friends. He was married to May P. Brown in 1873. He was one of the live % business men of this county. George W. Cline, the father^of our subject, was born in Virginia in 1797, and died in 1850. His mother, R. V. (McCann) Cline, was born in Virginia in 1799 and died in 1844. W. C. was the seventh of their ten children. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1301 S. C. Eggleston was born in New York, Sept. 30, 1814, a son of A. and Levin a Eggleston, his father a native of New York aud his mother of Switzerland, lie catne to Ohio in 1829, and has made his home in Hocking and Vinton counties. In his early life he followed farming, and then spent twelve years at the cabi- net-maker's trade. For the past nineteen years he has been in the mercantile business. He was married in 1337 to Lucinda Can- well, a native of Canada, born in 1814. She died in 1849 leaving three children — Levina, George and Rosalie. March 7, 1S50, Mr. Eggleston married Susan Ilaynes. She died June 19, 1854, leav- ing one child — Watson. He afterward married Jane Gould, a native of New Wellsburg, Va. They have three children — Jerry B., born Aug. 5, 1856; James G., Aug. 1, 1858, and Clara J., March 3, 1860. Mr. and Mrs. Eggleston are members of the Presbyterian church. Lemuel Fuller was born in McArthur, Vinton County, April 1, 1837, and on March 10, 1859, he was united in marriage with Amanda Reasonor, who was born in Grundy County, Ohio, Jan. 9, 1840, and died March 17, 1830. Their family consistoi of four children — Josiah, Celesta, Irene, and Celia Ann. Mr. Fuller has been a resident ol Vinton County all of his life, and at present owns a good farm of eighty acres on section 23, Brown Township, where he is engaged in general farming and stock-raising. On March 15, 1865, he enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Ninety -fourth Ohio Infantry, in the late war, and served until its close. Mr. Fuller has been a member of the United Brethren church for eighteen years. Lorenzo D. Fuller, farmer, was born in Vinton County, Ohio, April 27, 1842. He was reared a farmer and now has 353^ acres ot good land, his residence being on section 29. He is engaged in general farming and stock-raising. He was married in 1862 to Melissa Lillabridge, a native of Hocking County, Ohio, born in 1845. She died in 1865, leaving one child — Bluebe M., born June, 1863. In 1869 Mr. Fuller married Elizabeth Swift, a native of Athens County, born in 1S48. They have six children — Rhoda Jane, born in 1S72; Mary E., in 1873; William F., in 1876; John S., in 1878; Lemuel F., in 1879, and Flora B., in 1881. William Full,)' was born in New Hampshire, Sept. 7, 1814, and came with his father to Ohio in 1817, locating near McArthur, Vinton County, where he was reared and educated. He now has a farm of L80 acres on section 23, Brown Township, and is engaged 1302 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. in farming and stock-raising, making a specialty of the latter. In 1837 he married C. C. Lista Lane, who was born in 1815, and died in 1842 leaving two children — Lemuel, born in 1837, and Lorenzo D., born in 1842. In 1S47, Mr. Fuller married Phoebe Gray, a native of Pennsylvania, born March 7, 1S21. They have no children. Mr. and Mrs. Fuller are members of the United Brethren church. Washington Keeton was born April] 24, 1820, in what is now Brown Township, and has lived in the same locality all his life. He was united in marriage with Matilda P. Benjamin, June 14, 1845. They have had twelve children, whose names are — Mahala C, George W., Daniel J., Isaac S., Nathan B., A brain, Mary A., Esther A., Eliza E., Prudence E., Ada E. and Emma. Mr. Kee- ton has a good farm of 321 acres, where he is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He has held the office of Director of the School Board for the last twenty years, and has also served as County Commissioner for four years, beside being Constable and Town- ship Trustee for a number of terms. Mrs. Keeton is a native of Athens County, Ohio, being born there March 7, 1826. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Keeton's father, George Keeton, was born in Virginia, July 25, 1779, and departed this life in 1870. His mother, Esther (Fee) Keeton, was also born in Virginia, June 17, 1795. She died in 1872. They were the parents of twelve children, but only three survive — Anna, Wash- ington and Isaac. Henry C. Kreppel was born in Wirtemberg, Germany, Feb. 14, 1835. He came to the United States in 1863, landing in New York; remained there three months and then went to Rome, Ind., re- maining there six months. From there he went to Cincinnati, and a year later to Zaleski. May 3, 1872, he came to New Ply- mouth where he now has a tannery and is also carrying on a harness- making establishment. His work will compare with the best in the country, and he is doing a good business. He owns forty acres of good land in Washington Township, Hocking County. April 3, 1866, he married Louisa Ronk, a native of Harrison, Ind., born Sept. 24, 1851. They have a family of seven children — John W., born May 16, 1868; Charles G., Feb. 10, 1870; Anna M., Oct. 20, 1871; Katie L., March 8, 1876; Maggie C, March 1, 1878; Sam- uel E., June 13, 1880; Frank H., Nov. 13, 1882. Isaac Zash, farmer, was born in Brown Township, March 8, 1839, and received his education in this county, his home having always been in this township. He has a good farm of 150 acres, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1303 his residence being on section 29. His land yields a good quality of coal and he now has three veins open. Nov. 3, 1861, he mar- ried Mary Ann Swift, a native of Athens County, Ohio, born Sept. 22, 1842. They have seven children — Mary F., born April 11, 1865; Elizabeth J., Dec. 15, 1867; Isaac G., Sept. 20, 1870; John E., Jan. 7, 1873; William S., June 27, 1875; Christena A., Dec. 26, 1878; and Parthena I., Sept. IS, 1881. Thomas Magee, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in Washing- ton County, Penn., Jan. 22, 1828. His father came to Ohio in 1831 and located in Guernsey County, coming to this county seven years later. Mr. Magee has a fine farm of 939 acres on section 34, Brown Township. He is extensively engaged in stock-raising, making a specialty of Spanish merino sheep. Nov. 11, 1853, he married Mary Ann Trout, a native of Perry County, Ohio, born Feb. 22, 1832. They have two children— Franklin P., born in July, 1854, and Elizabeth Ann, in July, 1856. Mr. Magee has held the offices of County Commissioner and Township Treasurer, the latter for eleven years. George Mc Daniel, a native of Bedford County, Penn., was born Nov. 5, 1834. In 1840 he left his native place for Ohio, settling near Millfield, in Athens County. Two years later he removed to Sugar Creek, three miles from Athens, where he remained ten years. He then removed to Waterloo Township, but after two years he came to Brown Township where he has resided since 1854. Mr. McDaniel has followed farming for a great number of years, and now is the possessor of a good farm of 240 acres on section 12, Brown Township. In 1862 our subject was married to Sarah Ann Allen, who has borne him eight children whose names are: Julia A., Charles W., Marshey, George, Thomas N., Mary, Frank and Hannah. Mr. McDaniel enlisted in the late war in Company G, One Hundred and Fifty-first Ohio National Guards; served 100 days, returning to his home in 1864. He and wife are members of the Bible Christian church. Of his eight brothers and sisters only two are living at present, viz.: Joseph and George. James McDaniel, our subject's father, was born in Pennsylvania, Oct. 11, 1793. He lived with his son George until his death, which occur- red March 23, 1873. His mother, Hannah Williams, was also a native of Pennsylvania, being born there May 27, 1793. She died in Ohio, Oct. 9, 1848. Joseph McDaniel ', section 12, Brown Township, Vinton Co., Ohio, was born in Bedford County, Penn., Sept. 1, 1832, a son of James McDaniel, a native of the same county. Our subject came 1304 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. with his parents to Athens County, Ohio, in 1S40, and a few years later came to Vinton County, where he has since resided. He fol- lowed threshing for nine years, bought and shipped stock five years, but now is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He was married in the fall of 1859 to Eliza Thompson, daughter of Ezra Thompson. They have had seven children, six living — Sarah E., George W., Arie Jane, Asa S., Olive B. and John W. Mr. and Mrs. McDaniel are members of the Bible Christian church at Mt. Zion, in Starr Township, Hocking County. Catherine Reasoner was born in Allegheny County, Pa., Oct 11, 1815. At the age of thirteen she accompanied her father, Win. C. Tucker, to Ohio, where she has ever since resided. In 1839 she was married to John Reasoner, who was born in Ohio, Sept. 25, 1816, and died June 25, 1870, and is buried at Plymouth. To this union have been given seven children, of whom Peter Craig, Celia Ann and Phoebe C, now Mrs. Win. Lillab ridge, are living. Mrs. Reasoner has a fine farm of 236 acres of land on section 23, Brown Township, Vinton County, where she raises sheep, cattle, grain, hay, etc. She is a member of the Presbyterian church. P. M. Reasoner, farmer, was born in Westmoreland Township, Guernsey County, Ohio, Nov. 27, 1844, and when four years of age came to Vinton County, where he was reared and educated. He owns a fine farm of 143 acres on section 30, Brown Township. He also has a steam saw-mill at New Plymouth, where he does a good busi- ness. June 17, 1868, he married Richel M. Weed, a native of Vinton County, born May 31, 1844. They have a family of seven children — Mary T., Maggie E., Laura M., Eugene P., Sela A., Ada E., Myrta A. Mr. and Mrs. Reasoner are members of the Presby- terian church. Thomas M. Stevenson was born in Muskingum Cuunty, Ohio, Feb. 19, 1828. In 1851 he graduated from the Muskingum Col- lege at New Concord, Ohio, and the following year was Principal of West Carlisle College, Ohio. He was then appointed Superin- tendent of the Dresden, Ohio, public schools, remaining there four years, when he went to McOonnelsville to superintend the schools there. He remained there till the breaking out of the Rebellion, and in 1861, enlisted in the Seventy-eighth Ohio Infantry, and was appointed Captain of Company E. In 1862 he was appointed Chaplain of the regiment, and served in that capacity till the close of the war. Afcer his return home he agiin assumed thesuperinten- dency of the McOonnelsville schools, occupying that position three HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1305 years, and at the s;une time preaching for the churches of Bristol and Deerticld. In 1868 he was called to the Presbyterian church, of New Plymouth. In 1877 he went to Hopkinton, Iowa, and was Pastor of the Presbyterian church two years. From there he went to Greenfield, 111., and in July, 1880, returned to New Plymouth. lie was married in August, 1857, to Mary V. McGraif. She died Aug. 19, 1864, leaving two children — Charles W. and Robert E. Sept. 10, 1807, Mr. Stevenson married Mary L. Cresap. They have no children. S. T. IPMwas born in Tioga County, Penn., July 22, 1832. lie removed from there with his father at the age ot five years, and came to Ohio, locating on section 29, in Brown Township. Here he remained until he was twenty-three years of age, when he married Sarah Jane Gillabridge, Oct. 28, 1855, who was born June 5, 1837, in Vinton County. Their children are: Sarah Melissa, Mary J., Eli D., Hester A. and Joseph L. Mrs. Weed is a mem- ber of the United Brethren church. Mr. Weed has a farm of 140 acres on section 23, Brown Township, Vinton County. He has a fine vein of coal on his place. Jacob White was born Dec. 19, 1844, in Athens County, Ohio, where he remained until 1SG9. He then came to Vinton County, where he has resided almost ever since. In October, 1S73, he was married to Jennie Coil, a native of Morgan County, Ohio, being born there in 1853. Mr. White has followed the saw-milling busi- ness for some time, but at present is engaged in farming and stock- raising, lie has eighty acres of excellent land on section 12, in Brown Township, and may be classed among the rising young men of the township. CflAPTER XL VII. SWAN AND JACKSON TOWNSHIPS— WHAT HOCKING LOST, WAS VINTON'S GAIN. Swan Township — Boundary — Early Settlers — First Events — Postoffices — Business — Minerals — Township Officers — Assessment and Stock. Jackson Township — When Changed from Eagle to Jackson — Its Water Courses — Early Settlers — Some Facts — County Honors — Population from 1840 to 1880 — Postoffices — Schools — Stock Keturns, 1883 — Assessed Valuation — Biographical. SWAN. Swan Township is bounded on the north by Hocking County, on the east by Brown Township, on the south by Elk Township, and on the west by Jackson Township and Hocking County. The surface is generally hilly, yet is not rough and unbroken. The soil is very productive and some of the best farms in Vinton County, are located in Swan Township. Among the first settlers were David Johnson, Frederick Kaler, David, Peter and John Kenders, Peter, Jacob and David Haynes. The first child born in Swan Township is believed to have been Hon. E. II. Moore, now of Athens, Ohio. The first death was a child of Mr. and Mrs. Jesse Collins. It was buried in the cemetery near the residence of David Johnson. The first Justice of the Peace was Peter Haynes. Dr. Jesse Cartlich was the first practicing physician. The first church was built in 1830 at New Mt. Pleasant, although there was one commenced but never finished in the south part of the township at an earlier date. The first religious society formed was the Methodist Episcopal, which organized in 1818, at the residence of David Johnson. The first preacher was Rev. Coston, who was succeeded by the Pev. Gillruth, familiarly known as the giant preacher, as he was the strongest man in this section of the country, his strength being equal to the combined powers of two ordinary men. (1306) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1307 The first school-house was built by David Johnson, Mr. Kaler and three brothers by the name of Hass. The first school was taught by a Mr. Hill, and the second by Marker Shoemaker. There are now ten school districts, all sup- plied with comfortable school-houses. The first mill was built in 1S23 by John Rager on little Rac- coon Creek, although there had been horse-mills previous to this, but these were considered too slow, so water-power was brought into requisition. ^ Swan Township is the abiding place of the oldest man in Vinton County, Wm. Large, who was born in Hunterdon County N J., Feb. 23, 1789, and is past 94. POSTOFFICES. Swan Township has six within her borders. They are: Swan Creola, Hue, Orland, Siverly and Cintra. Swan postoffice was established in 1843, and its first Postmaster was Geo. W.Johnson. It is located at New Mt. Pleasant, and its present Postmaster is S. D. Sain. Creola postoffice was established in 18S0, and is located in the village of the same name. Its first and present Postmaster is Mr Bray. Hue postoffice was established in the fall of 1S82, and is located on section 6. Mrs. Sarah Clark is the Postmistress. Orland postoffice is located at Swan Station, on the Ohio & West Virginia Rail] oad. It was established at the time the railroad be- gan running. Lucius Payne is the present Postmaster. Cintra postoffice is located at Johnson's Siding, a small fla* sta- tion on the railroad. It was established in 1882, and the present Postmaster is John R. Prose. Siverly postoffice is located on section 18, and was established about 1877. John S. Witherspoon is the Postmaster. BUSINESS. The principal business interest in Swan is agriculture. Among some of the prominent farmers are: George W. Johnson, Benson l>unkle Andrew, George and Charles Shurtz, James and Nathan Steel, Joseph Cox, John Bray, Simeon Morgan and William and Ihomas Rannells. At Swan Station is located the only flouring mill in the town- ship. This is owned and operated by Smith & Son, and is run by steam-power. 1308 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. At New Mt. Pleasant is a store in which general merchandise is sold by M. P. Turner, and one near Siverly postoffice, kept by S. S. Albin. At Creola there are^two stores, one operated by Buchtel & Co., and the other by Bray & Son. There is also at this point one blacksmith shop. The above includes the business interests of Swan Township with the exception of the mineral interests. NEW MT. PLEASANT lies principally in Hocking County, yet a part of it lies in Swan Township, and it is here people of the northern part of the town- ship get their mail, do their trading and go to church. IRON ORE. This ore is found in large quantities in Swan Township. The principal deposits are along what is known as Potter's Ridge and near the village of Creola. Years ago, before the inhabitants knew the nature of this ore, it was called " Nigger heads " and was sup- posed to be worthless, and it was principally used to fill up ruts and mud holes in the roads. Later years its value has become known and companies are interested in its further development, and large quantities are shipped from Creola. TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. The township officers for 1883 are: Trustees, Thomas Ellis, Cyrus Shurtz and Robert Hayes; Clerk, Win. S. McClannalian ; Treasurer, Thomas Johnson; Justices of the Peace, George W. Johnson and John E. McYey; Constables, Andrew Clark and James O'Harro. The population of Swan Township in 1840 was 759, and the cen- sus of 1850 gave her 1,154. In 1S60 it numbered 1,281, and in 1870, 1,062. The census of 1880 shows a population of 1,095. ASSESSMENT AND STOCK. The assessor's returns, June 1, 18S3, give the value of the per- sonal property of Swan Township at $99,640. This township ranks third in the county in the value of its personal property, be- ing only exceeded by Clinton and Elk. In the return of stock Swan had: Horses, 320; heads of cattle, 857; heads of sheep, 7,145; heads of hogs, 363. It was the second in horses, only being exceeded by Richland; second in sheep, Elk Township being first; fourth in cattle and sixth in hogs. a HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1309 JACKSON TOWNSHIP. EAGLE IN 1S25 — JACKSON, 1831. This township was first a part of Eagle Township, being organ- ized from Eagle, Dec. 6, 1831. It is bounded on the north by Hocking County, on the east by Swan and Elk townships, on the south by Richland Township, and on the west by Eagle Township and a portion of Hocking County. It is, like all the mineral country, broken and hilly, with few valleys, they being narrow, but it has coal and iron ore in abun- dance. It is a well-watered township, having the Middle Fork of Salt Creek with several small tributaries in the southern part, and in the west and north Pretty Run and the head waters of small branches give it enough for stock purposes. Numerous springs are found which feed these tributaries. Among the first settlers was JohnTilton, Eli Hill, Isaac Hawks, Enoch Dixon, Win. Burns, Thos. Colwell, Archibald Drake, Peter Milton and Jacob and Wm. Arkson, Frederick G-arrick, Joseph Wyatt and Sarah Darby. The first church built in this township was the " Locust Grove " church, and was first constructed of logs, but a large frame building now occupies the same foundation. The first sermon was preached by Rev. K Redfern. The first store in the township was opened by James Ankram on the Middle Fork of Salt Creek, on section 27. This is the only store ever kept in the township. The first mill was erected on section 27 by Jacob Ankram. This is a saw and grist mill combined, and at the present time does much toward supplying the wants of the people of Jackson in flour and lumber. The first Township Clerk was James Honnold. The first Justice of the Peace was Thomas Colwell. COUNTY HONORS — POPULATION. James Darby, of Jackson Township, was elected County Com- missioner in 1881, and Henry Dudleson in 1882. The population of Jackson Township in 1840 was 472 ; in 1850, 835; in 1860, 1,228; in 1870, 1,294, and in 1880 the census showed a population of only 1,288, having lost even its natural increase, being only sixty more than it had in 1860. 1310 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. POSTOFFICES. In Jackson Township there are two postoffices, both established in July, 1880. One is located near Locust Grove church and is designated as Stella, with Mrs. Walker as Postmistress. The other was established at the same time and was called Ural. This office is under the official control of Mrs. Rucl. These offices are on the mail route which extends from New Plymouth in Brown Township to Vigo in Ross County. SCHOOLS. Jackson has nine school districts, in each of which are comfort- able, modern school-houses. The number of pupils in attendance in the [schools of this township during the year of 1882 was 414, and the total expenditures for the year in the school department of the township for the same year was $2,231.37. VALUATION AND STOCK. While Jackson Township but slightly increased its population it lias more rapidly, increased its wealth. The assessment for May 31, 1883, showed its personal property to amount to $73,495, of which $4:2,845 was the valuation of its horses, 308; of its cattle, 613; its hogs, 368 and its sheep, 6,4,03; the number of mules not mentioned. In sheep it is the third township in the county, Elk and Swan only having a greater number; the third also in horses, the fourth in hogs and the sixth in cattle, and the sixth in the total assessed valuation of personal property; and not counting mineral products it is probably the third in agricultural wealth, being only exceeded by Elk and Swan. BIOGRAPHICAL — SWAN. Samuel Albin was born Aug. 8, 1830, in Guernsey County; lived there till he was about twenty-one years old when he removed with his father to Vinton County, Ohio. He was married April 17, 1856, to Rebecca Reed, a native of Perry County, and a daugh- ter of Colonel John Reed. He bought a farm adjoining his father's place where he has lived ever since. Mr. and Mrs. Albin have four children — Thomas B., Ezra, Nanny and Cora, all living at home except Ezra, who married Iantha Rineheart and is living in Jackson Township. Politically Mr. Albin has followed to a certain extent the principles of his ancestors and adheres to the old Demo- cratic party. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 13 [J William Albin, b^rn in Hardy County Va., Oct. 4, 1793 was a son of James and Barbara (Hoover) Albin, his father a native of Virginia, near Wilmington, and his mother of Maryland They had a family of twelve children, four sons and eight daughters William being the fifth child and eldest son. His father had two sons by a former marriage. When he was ten years of a-e his parents moved to Guernsey County, Ohio, where they both °died his mother at the age of eighty-six years and his father at the a~e ot sixty. Mr. Albin was married in 1S14 to Nancy Clark, a na- tive of Greene County, Pa., born Aug. 13, 1799. April 13 ' 1S52 they came to Vinton County and located in Swan Township on the Earnheart farm, where he still resides. They had a family of twelve children, six sons and six daughters, all but one now living- seven in Ohio-one son in Hocking County, two are in Koss County ' one son and two daughters are in Vinton County; one son is in Texas; one in Missouri; a daughter in Iowa, and one daughter, the eldest child, in Kansas. Sollis P. Beery was born in Benton Township, Hocking Co Ohio. His father, Emanuel Bjery, was a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, born Sept. 19, 1823. His grandfather, Abraham Boery is an old settler of Hocking County, is now a resident of Lo- gan where he has for many years served as Vice-President of the Peoples Bank. When Emanuel Beery was a small boy his father moved to Hocking County. He was married about the age of twenty-one years to Malinda Harsh, a native of Hocking County born April 20, 1825, a daughter of John and Elizabeth Harsh who were 1 ennsylvanians and came from there to Hocking County at an early date. At the time of Emanuel's marriage his father moved to Logan, while he remained on the old home farm in Falls lownsup about three years. He then purchased a farm in B jnton lownship, and there spent the remainder of his life. He had 270 acres of land which is now in the possession of his widow. He was a member of the Old School Baptist church. His death occurred Aug. 12, 1867, after a long and painful illness. To himself and wite ten children were born-Caroline, wifeof John Shotwell, of Jack- son Township, Vinton County; Elizabeth, widow of Joseph Eno-le residing on the homestead; Ezra D., deceased; Lafayette W., read- ing at home; Mary, wifeof David Rose, of Jackson Township; Hol- hs P, Wilham S., Eden J., Harriet (deceased), and Amanda J., wife of Charles Barclay, of Washington Township, Hocking County Mollis P. Beery was born Sept. 20, 1853. He remained at home 1312 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. till he was twenty-one years of age, and during this time attended the district schools of his neighborhood. He was married Nov. 26, IS 74, to Maria Fee, who was born in Brown Township, Vinton County, April 20, 1854, a daughter of William and Mary (Cline) Fee. Af- ter his marriage Mr. Beery lived in Swan Township, Vinton County, till 1878, when he bought a farm in Falls Township, Hocking County, where he lived two years. In the spring of 1880 he sold his farm and purchased 169 acres in Swan Township, where he is now residing. Mr. and Mrs. Beery have two daughters — Mary F., born Oct. 4, 1876, and Leotia, born Feb. 28, 1879. John Bray was born in Ferry County, Ohio, in the little town of Hobeth, July 28, 1820, son of John and Rebecca (Kelley) Bray, both natives of Delaware. They were married in that State, and about 1819 moved to Ohio and settled in Perry County, making the entire journey overland in wagons. In 1837 the family came to Hocking (now Vinton) County and located in Swan Township, on a farm containing 240 acres. This land was almost an unbroken wilderness, only a small clearing cut, in which stood a small log-cabin, which they called home. With strong hearts and a firm purpose they began clearing the land and prepar- ing it for farming. John Bray died April 30, 1868, in the eighty- first year of his age. His wife died Jan. 6, 1871, in the eightieth year of her age. They reared a family of seven children — Mary and Henry, deceased; John ; Susan, deceased ; William, residing in Col- well County, Mo. ; James, in Pawnee County ; David, deceased. The latter son served three years in the late war, in the Seventy -fifth Ohio Regiment. John Bray remained with his father till he was past twenty-one years of age, and Jan. 16, 1841, "was married to Catharine Byerly. Mrs. Bray was born in Swan Township, Vinton County, Oct. 18, 1824, a daughter of Jacob Byerly, one of the first settlers of the township, coming here about 1820. After his mar- riage Mr. Bray moved to his farm, adjoining that of his father, where he has since made his home. He first moved into a hewed- log house with a shingle roof, and after living in this rude struct- ure seventeen years built his present residence in December, 1858. Politically he is a Republican, as was his father. He served three years during the war as Township Trustee, while his father, during his life-time, for several years held the office of Justice of the Peace. In October, 1846, he and his wife united with the Methodist church, and for three years before any church building was erected relig- ious services were held in his house. Mr. and Mrs. Bray have six HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1318 living children, ancTone deceased — Susan R, born Jan. 31, 1842; Jacob, born Dec. 21, 1814, died Oct. 31, 1870, leaving a wife and two children; Nancy, born Feb. 6, 1847; Daniel, Oct. 22, 1855.; Mary A., Oct. 1, 1857; John M., Oct. 28, 1859; Parley, Oct. 23, 1867. Mr. Bray's father was a soldier in the war of 1812. Joseph Cox was born in Cumberland, Md., Jan. 24, 1815, a son of Jonathan and Susanna (Bailey) Cox, natives of Maryland and Winchester, Ya., respectively. Jonathan Cox was born in 1748. He was the first hotel keeper, the first Postmaster and the first Jus- tice of the Peace in Cumberland, Md. He was appointed to fill the last office by the % Governor and Council of the State of Mary- land, and served in that capacity for fifty consecutive years, till his death, in 1832. There were six sons and six daughters in his fam- ily, Joseph, our subject, being the youngest child, and the only one living at the present time. After the death of Jonathan Cox his widow and family moved to Ohio in the fall of 1835, and located on the farm now owned by James and Theodore Stone. Mrs. Cox died in 1842 and the family became separated. Joseph was mar- ried in 1838 to Sarah L., daughter of David Johnson, and sister of George W. Johnson, a prominent citizen of Swan Township. They have a family of three sons and four daughters. One son — George — was a volunteer soldier in the Union army. He enlisted in the Twelfth Ohio Cavalry, and died at Lexington, Ky., in August, 1864, with typhoid fever, resulting from exposure on the battle-fields. Two years after his marriage Mr. Cox bought a farm in Swan Township, on which he resided thirty-three years. In 1873 he purchased his present farm, containing 130 acres, on sections 9 and 10. In pol- itics he was a Whig till the Republican party became established, since which he has affiliated with that party. At present his sym- pathies are with the Prohibitionists. Martin B. Crow is a native of Vinton County, born Oct. 17, 1S48. His father, Jacob Crow, was born in Lower Sandusky, Ohio, where he was reared. He moved from there to this county and located in Jackson Township where he bought eighty acres of land. He married Mary Chamberlin, a native of that township, daughter of William Chamberlin, an early settler of that locality. Mr. Crow afterward sold his farm in Jackson and bought in Swan Township, where he was a resident for at least thirty years. He is now living in Elk Township, having sold his place in Swan to a mineral company. They had seven children, three sons and four daughters — William, deceased; Jane, deceased; Margaret, 83 1314 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. wife of Joseph Forraan; Martin B.; Emily; Andrew, married Sa- mantha Vest; Lucinda, wife of S. V. Karns— all living in Yinton County. Martin B. Crow was born in Swan Township where he has always lived. He remained at home till he was twenty-six years old. He was married Oct. 22, 1868, to Sarah Ann Steel, who was born in Swan Township, Dec. 15, 1850, a daughter ot James W. Steel. Mr. Crow has had considerable experience in the working of ore mines and has hauled many a ton ol it from the mines to the point of shipment. For eighteen months he ran a portable saw-mill. In January, 1876, he purchased his present farm containing sixty acres, where he has since resided. Mr. and Mrs. Crow have three children — Jacob W., born June 19, 1870; George W., born Sept. 13, 1876; Charles F., born Nov. 17, 1879. They have lost one daughter — Nancy Jane, who died Nov. 13, 1S82, aged eight years and seven months. James Faulkner, deceased, was born Dec. 11, 1821, in Loudoun County, Ya., a son of Kemp and Elizabeth Faulkner, both natives of that State. They reared a family of six children, of whom Elizabeth, wife of Leonard Shull, is the only living representative of the family. The children were — Lucy Ann, Sarah, Thomas, James, William and Elizabeth, born in Virginia. Two other chil- dren were born in Ohio but died in infancy. In 1831 Kemp Faulk- ner with his family moved to Ohio and located in what is now Vinton County. He purchased land in Swan Township in the woods, and in a short time had a log cabin erected, a part of which is still standing. It is now in the possession of James Faulkner's widow. Kemp Faulkner was born July 1, 1795, and died March 14, 1875; his wife died about nine years previous. Thomas died in Swan Township; Sarah, James and William died on the home- stead, and Lucy Ann died in Missouri. James Faulkner took the principal charge of his father's place and remained with him till his death. He was married Sept. 27, 1861, to Mary Elizabeth Kaler, who was born in Hocking County (now Vinton), July 28, 1810, a daughter of Samuel and Amelia (Slaughterback) Kaler. The Kalers are old settlers in this region. Of a large family but four daughters are now living in Vinton County; four sons are living in the West. Mr. and Mrs. Faulkner had a family of seven children — Elizabeth Ann, wife of Joseph Linn; Sarah Jane, wife of Eli Sonders; Ephraim, married Lydia Anderson; William, de- ceased; Amelia C, Lucy Florence and Irene V., all living in Vinton County. Mr. Faulkner died March 16, 1878. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1315 William JBee is one of Swan's most worthy citizens, and the larg- est land-owner in the township. He was born in Gallia County, Ohio, six miles from Gallipolis, Sept. 16, 1821. His father, Thos. Fee, was born Sept. 14, 1782, and was nearly grown when he with his father, John Fee, came across the Ohio River from Virginia into Ohio, and located in Gallia County. He was marriedAug.il, 1803, to Sarah Collins, who was born Dec. 24, 1788, in Greenbrier County, Penn. Her father, Jesse Collins, was an early settler in Gallia County. In September, 1827, Thos. Fee moved hig family to Hocking County, and located in what was then Starr Township, but is now Brown Township, Yinton County. His brother, Wm. Fee, was then living in Hocking County, and the brothers traded farms, Thomas coming into Hocking County and William going to Gal- lia County. Thos Fee made this farm his home till the time of his death, Aug. 11, 1S46. His wife survived him a number of years and died at the residence of her son, Wm. Fee, Sept. 5, 1865. They reared a family of seven children — Mary, John, Margaret, Jane, Sarah, Christinia and William. Wm. Fee was six years old when his father came to this county. He was married July 7, 1842, to Clarissa Johnson, who was born in Jackson County, Feb. 12, 1826. She died Oct. 24, 1849. They had a family of four children — John V., born July 24, 1S43, died in infancy; Thos. Jackson, born June 17, 1S44; Sarah Jane, born March 8, 1846; and George M., born Nov. 24, 1847. July 25, 1850, Mr. Fee married Mary Engle, who was born Feb. IS, 1820, in Hocking County, Falls Township. To them the following children were born — Elizabeth, born May 9, 1851'; Maria, born April 20, 1854; Mary, born March 22, 1857, died April 17, 1861; Jacob, born Oct. 8, 1860, and Wm. Sanford, born June 28, 1863, died Aug. 29, 1865. Mr. Fee moved to the farm where he now resides November, 1855. He owns 1,211 acres of land, all but 209 acres in Swan Township. Politically he has always adhered to the Democratic party. He has served four years as County Commissioner. The tirst year was appointed to fill vacancy caused by his brother John resigning to take a representative position. Isaac Hawk, deceased, was born in Pocahontas County, Va., Dec. 26, 1790, a son of Jacob and Sarah (Bumgardner) Hawk. In 1814 he came to Ohio, making the trip on horseback, and located in what is now Yinton County. His brother John Hawk preceded him to Ohio, entered land, married and settled on his place where he lived till his death. Isaac Hawk entered land in Jackson Town- 1316 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ship. His farm contained 309 acres, which with the exception of forty acres purchased afterward, was entered in the beginning. On this place he resided nearly fifty-three years. In the fall of 1816 he was married to Sallie Swisher, a native of Virginia, born Jan. 16, 1796. In 1809, when she was thirteen years old, her father moved to Gallia County, Ohio. Isaac Hawk was a hard-working man. Coming into an almost unsettled country, he made his home with his brother, John Hawk, a few years, and in 1820 erected his log cabin on his land, and moved into it. On this place he reared eight children out of a family of eleven — Mary, Rebecca, fignes, Mahalia, Christina, Eli, Catharine and Elizabeth. Two daughters and one son died in childhood. A few years after Isaac settled here his parents came and entered and bought land in Elk Town- ship. There were fifteen children in Jacob Hawk's family, eleven sons and four daughters; five of the sons married in the Swisher family. At the time of Jacob Hawk's death, Feb. 18, 1870, at the age of ninety-one years, he had 110 grandchildren and twenty- two great-grandchildren. Six of his children are living — Mary, Rebecca and Catharine are living in this county; Christina in Missouri; Iagnes in Kansas; Mahalia in Illinois. Rebecca Hawk, of whom this sketch is obtained, was born Jan. 27, 1820. She was married in 1851 to Robert Smith. The latter was born in Pennsylvania, where Pittsburg now stands, March 4, 1814. His parents were natives of Ireland. In 1850 he came to Vinton from Muskingum County, and the following year was married. His death occurred Jan. 18, 1S61. Mr. and Mrs. Smith had two chil- dren — Sarah and William. Robert A. Hays was born in Richland Township, Aug. 7, 1845, and lived with his parents till his twenty-fifth year. He was mar- ried Oct. 19, 1870, to Erminia Deaver, w T ho was born May 27, 1853, in Vinton County, a daughter of Simeon and Elizabeth (Milligan) Deaver, residents of Elk Township. Mr. Hays has lived in Swan Township since he was married, and in 1876 bought his present farm on section 26, containing 160 acres. He is one of the substantial young farmers of Vinton County, and is every- where recognized as a young man of good judgment and decision of character. Mr. and Mrs. Hays have two children — Almonta D., born Jan. 16, 1872, and Lizzie E., born Nov. 1, 1874. In May, 1864, Mr. Hays enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Forty- eighth Ohio National Guard, and was in the service six months; discharged Dec. 15, 1864. He entered the 100 days' service. HISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY. 1317 bat did not get borne till six months after. His father, William Hays, an old settler of the county, was born in Pennsylvania, May 27, 1819, and when a young man he came with his parents, David and Edith Hays, to Ohio, and located in Guernsey County, but a short time after came to Vinton County. He married Eliza- beth, daughter of Robert and Elizabeth Aiken, a native of Muskin- gum County, Ohio. After his marriage Mr. Hays located in Rich- land Township, in the neighborhood of his present residence. His farm contains 200 acres where he has lived upward of thirty-six years. He is a member of the Presbyterian church of McArthur, and has been connected with this denomination for twenty-five years. Politically he is a Republican, and has served as Trustee of Richland Township. He has generally taken an active part in political matters. He has been a delegate to the Republican State Convention two or three times, held at Columbus. He was a juror in the Supreme Court at Cincinnati in 1871. Mr. and Mrs. Hays reared a family of eleven children, ten now living — Elizabeth, Robert A., Lafayette (married to Anna Payne), David H. (married to Mary Anderson), Edith J. (wife of J. J. McCleland), Samuel W., Sarah A., Ella, Mary and Taylor. William died at the age of eighteen years. David Johnson, one of the first settlers of Swan Township, was born in Rutland, Vt., Oct. 3, 1790; emigrated to New York State at an early age, where he grew to manhood; came to Ohio in 1811, to live with his brother Levi, who had preceded him, and lo- cated at what is now called the old Jones' farm, near McArthur. His father was an Englishman and one of the Revolutionary fathers. David Johnson had three brothers — Truman, who died in New York State, and Levi and Amos, who came to Ohio and died, and one sister, Lodema B., who died in New York. David Johnson enlisted in the war of 1S12 and obtained a commission to recruit a brigade of teams and pack-horses, which he did and be- came master of trains and pack-horses under General Harrison, in which capacity he rendered much valuable service to the Gov- ernment, enduring untold hardships and having many miraculous escapes from the scalping knife of the savages. He was ordered by General Harrison to remove all the arms and supplies from Fort Stephenson which he did, excepting one six-pound cannon which they had no room to load on the wagons and such supplies as were left to Colonel Crogan, who had orders to follow immedi- ately and join General Harrison. Johnson conducted his train 1318 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. safely through the enemy's lines, but Colonel Crogan delayed, his de- parture a little too long and was surrounded. At the close of the war Johnson returned to his home near McArthur, and on the 15th day of January, 1815, married Miss Elizabeth Will, daughter of George Will, of Adelphi, Ohio, and moved the same year to Swan Township where he remained till his death, Feb. 12, 1870. He opened the first wagon road that was made in Swan Town- ship, introduced the first iron pitchfork, the first cast-iron plow, the first wagon and the first fanning-mill for cleaning grain. He organized the first school in the township, was one of the first justices, and was elected three times by the Legislature to serve as Associate Judge of Hocking County. He was a man of iron nerve and determined will. Though a far- mer, he dealt extensively in stock, the cattle ranging upon the commons most of the year during the first periods of his settle- ment here. He met the privations of frontier life, and though at times well nigh borne down with adversity, he was never known to falter, but through all the purturbations of his life, whether as farmer, trader, soldier, justice, or judge, he bore the character of a faithful friend, an honest man and a merciful judge. He was a Whig in politics, a devoted friend to Henry Clay, Webster, Harri- son and that school of politicians, and latterly a zealous friend of the Republican party. He was for some years before his death a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and died in full expec- tation of a better inheritance. His wife was a woman of iron constitution; though but fifteen years old when married, she met the privations and hardships incidental to a change from village to backwoods' life with that fortitude and courage becoming a truly devoted woman. She was the mother of eleven children, two boys and nine girls. She was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church from early life until her death Jan. 19, 1882. Seven of the girls are dead, only two of whom left any heirs. Susannah Cox left a son, George W., who died in the army during the Rebellion, and a daughter, Eliza, who married Wesley Barger, of Pike County, Ohio, and is now residing there. Martha M. Robinson left a son now eighteen years of age, residing in Kansas. Clarissa E., the youngest daughter living, is the wife of Rev. J. R. Prose and the mother of four children. The eldest daughter living, Sarah L., is the wife of Joseph Cox, of Swan Township, and the mother of seven children. B. F. Johnson, the youngest son, lives in Swan Township, is an extensive stock-dealer, an ultra Republican, owns HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1319 farms in Vinton and Pickaway counties, and is looked upon by all parties as a rather sagacious politician. He married a Miss Hitt, of this county, and has four children. George W. Johnson, the eldest son, is a quiet farmer, living at the old original home- stead in Swan Township. He married a Miss Sain, formerly of Rushville, Ohio, and has six children. He, too, is a zealous Re- publican and a temperance man of the true type, and at present a Justice of the Peace in his township. He owns about 500 acres of land in Swan Township, and has acquired lands in Kansas and West Virginia, which he has conveyed to his children. Judge Johnson had acquired about 1,200 acres of land which he deeded to his children before his death. Through the influence of Mr. Johnson the mail route between Athens and Adelphi was estab- lished forty years ago. Cornelius Karns, deceased, one of the early settlers of this part of the county, was born in Greenbrier County, Va., Aug. 28, 1801. His parents were Nicholas and Lanah Karns. Cornelius was reared in Virginia and when in his thirty-second year came to Ohio. He landed in Hocking County, Jan. 10, 1833, bringing his father and mother with him. They both died at his home, the former March 13, 1844, and the latter July 20, 1850. Cornelius Karns purchased a farm in what is now Swan Township, Vinton County, and during his residence here accumulated considerable property. He was married May 30, 1833, to Christina Switzer, who was born in Gallia County, Dec. 31, 1808. They reared a family of six chil- dren — John S., Mary, Catherine, Rebecca Ann, George W. and Samuel Vinton, all living in Swan Township with the exception of the oldest son who is a resident of Adams County, Iowa. During the war Mr. Karns raised a company of volunteer soldiers and was commissioned its Captain and assigned to the One Hundred and Fourteenth Regiment as Company F. The regiment went into camp at Circleviile and was mustered into service at Marietta. From this point they went to Nashville, and thence to Vicksburg. Captain Karns participated in some important engagements, and many men from his company were killed or died from sickness* On account of failing health he was compelled to abandon the ser- vice and resigned in February, 1863. His death occurred Jan. 12, 1881, after a long and severe illness, occasioned by an injury re- ceived in being thrown from a wagon fourteen months previous. His wife died Sept. 22, 1869. Captain Karns was a highly respected citizen of the community, and a man full of enterprise. He was 1320 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. a member of the Methodist church and many years ago threw open the door of his house for the people to hold services in "before any church was built in this locality. Samuel Vinton Rams, born Sept. 27, 1854, in Swan Township, Yinton Co., Ohio, is the son of Cornelius and Christina Karns, the youngest of a family of eight children. The most of his edu- cation was received during the winter months, his time in the sum- mer being largely devoted to the duties upon his father's farm. He was married March 12, 1874, to Lucinda Crow, who was born Dec. 26, 1855, in Swan Township, a daughter of Jacob Crow. After his marriage Mr. Karns began life for himself. He had ninety-seven acres of land which he paid his father $1,000 for. It was situated in the southern part of the territory on sections 27 and 28. In 1879 he sold his farm and in 1880 bought another one on section 33, and in 1882 bought an addition on section 34, having at the present time eighty-one acres of farm land and six town lots and four dwelling-houses. Politically Mr. Karns was reared a Republi- can and has always adhered to the principles of this party. Mr. and Mrs. Karns have three children — Emmie Christina, Jacob Walter and Cornelius Garfield. Alexander McClannalian was born in "Washington County, Md., June 28, 1813. He was reared in Ferry County, Ohio, and March 12, 1837, he married Nancy Ann Davis, born in Fairfield County, Nov. 25, 1817, a daughter of James M. and Catherine SinifT Davis. Their children are — "William S; Catherine Jane, wife of John M. Huff; Matilda Ann, wife of Andrew W. Shuch; Mary Emily, wife of Erastus Fouch (the last three reside in Hennepin County, Minn.), and Harriet Elizabeth. The year after his marriage he and his father-in-law bought a piece of land together, and seven years later the laud was deeded to Mr. McClannalian. He left Perry County in 1851 and settled in Elk Township, Yinton County, where he bought ninety acres and lived five years. He then sold out and came to Swan Township where in 1S56 he purchased his present farm of eighty acres which to-day contains 162 acres. He was formerly a "Whig in politics and now is a Republican. He has been Treasurer of Swan Township several years and Township Assessor one year. His parents, Alexander and Nancy (Miller) McClannalian were natives of Maryland. In 1819 they located in Perry County, Ohio, where they died, he in the fall of 1851 and his wife in the spring of the same year. They reared a family of thirteen children, ten sons and three daughters, our subject being the second son. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1321 William S. McClannahan, son of Alexander and Nancy Ann McClannahan, was born in Perry County, July 25, 1838. April 19, 1861, he enlisted in the three-months' service, in Company D, Eighteenth Ohio Militia, and was discharged Aug. 26, 1861. He then enlisted in the three-years' service March 25, 1862, in Company D, Second West Virginia Cavalry. He participated in several bat- tles, among which were the battles of the Shenandoah Yalley, Winchester, Cedar Creek, Waynesborough, Five Forks and Saylor's Creek. He was present at the surrender of General Lee, April 9, 1865, and was discharged at Wheeling, W. Va., July 5, 1865. He was married Jan. 11, 186-1, while home on a thirty-days' furlough, to Rachel Reed, born in Perry County, Ohio, July 30, 1838, a daugh- ter of John and Eleanor Reed. The latter moved from Perry County to Vinton Count} r after her husband's death. Mr. McClan- nahan has resided on his father's farm attending to the farm duties since his return from the war. Sept. 4, 1869, he was appointed Clerk of Swan Township to fill a vacancy, which position he has since held bv re-election. Mr. McClannahan has one daughter — Ida. Simeon Morgan was born in Westmoreland County, Penn. He was reared on a farm till eighteen years of age, and in 1839 came with his parents to Ohio. He was married Nov. 20, 1811, to Anna Bay, born Aug. 16, 1812, near Cumberland, Guernsey Co., Ohio. They have eight children living — Buena Vista, wife of Eli W. Sonders; Henry Milton, married in 1871 to Maggie Hughes, who died in August, 1879, leaving three children, — Frank, Herbert, and Charles Milton, — when Henry Morgan again married Alice Broiling; Eliza D., wife of James L. Hughs, of Vinton County; Anna, wife of Marion Chedister, of Labette County, Kan.; John- son C, Hilas F., Carrie M., and U. S. Grant. After his marriage Mr. Morgan settled in Guernsey County where he lived two years, when he moved to Muskingum County and purchased 160 acres of land, where he lived six years. He then came to Vinton County and bought 360 acres near Zaleski, Madison Township. About four years after he purchased his present farm in Swan Township, there being 497 to which he has since added eighty acres. He has one of the best farms in the county and makes a specialty of stock- raising, the average amount of which is said to be about $3,000 annu- ally. In 1869 he built his fine brick house at a cost of $6,000. In politics Mr. Morgan is a Republican. His father, Morgan Mor- gan, was a native of Pennsylvania, of Welsh descent. He mar- 1322 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ried Nancy Cicily, of Fayette County,* Pa., and in 1839 moved with his family to Guernsey County, Ohio, where he purchased 240 acres of land and resided there seven years. The following five years he lived on a quarter of a section of land which he had bought in the same county. He then sold out and moved to Mus- kingum County where he bought 140 acres, residing there till his death in 1*804. His wife died in 1842. Of their nine children five only survive — Simeon (our subject), Johnston, Calvin, Mor- gan, and Nancy. Mrs. Morgan's father, Robert Bay, was born Jan. 16, 1777, in Pennsylvania. He was a Colonel in the war of 1812. He was married in 1811, in Ohio, to Phoebe Lindly, born Oct. 22, 1790, in Pennsylvania. They had six children of whom Mrs. Morgan was the youngest. Colonel Bay moved to Vinton County about 1853 and died there in 1856, his wife having died many years previous. George Payne, deceased, was born April 17, 1815, near London, England, a son of Robert and Anna Payne. His parents emi- grated to America about 1828 and located in Massachusetts where our subject lived till twenty years of age. In 1835 the family moved to Ohio, and settled in Hocking County, where his parents died. They had a family of five children — Elizabeth, George, Henry, Sarah and Charles. George Payne was married March 7, 1842, to Anna Lee, a native of Pennsylvania, born Sept. 14, 1813. They have been blessed with a family of six children — Alice (wife of M. M. Cherry, of McArthur), Lucius, Cassius, Harriet, Hen- rietta (wife of A. Murphy), and Marcellus. Mrs. Payne's parents were James and Hannah Lee. They came to Ohio in 1816, and Hocking County, then Athens County, where they entered three quarters of a section of land. They had a family of nine sons and two daughters. They are both deceased. Mrs. Payne was reared by her grandfather, James Lee, with whom she lived till his death. The estate was divided among the heirs, and Mr. Payne purchased 100 acres of the home place. He was a successful business man, and at the time of his death, Nov. 15, 1863, owned 260 acres of land. Mrs. Payne has in her possession at present 445 acres. Politically Mr. Payne was a strong Republican and in former days was a Whig. He was Clerk of Swan Township from his twenty- first year till his death, and for twenty-two years previous held the office of Justice of the Peace. His son, Lucius Payne, was born March 17, 1846, in Vinton County, then Hocking County. At the age of eighteen he enlisted in Company L, Twelfth Ohio HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1323 Cavalry, in August, 1864, and came home in June, 1865. In 1869 be went West— to Iowa, Kansas and Nebraska— and remained there three years, working on a farm and herding cattle. He re- turned home in 1872 where he has since resided. In August, 1880, he was appointed to his present position, as station agent of the C, H. V. & T. K. R, at Swan Station. Rev. John R. Prose was born in Gallia County, Ohio, Sept. 10, 1821, where he was reared and educated at the common school. He also attended the Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio. He came to Hocking County in the fall of 1818, and was married Nov. 26, 1849, to Clarissa E. Johnson, a native of Hocking County, born Feb. 28, 1828, daughter of David Johnson. Their children are- Harriet Ann, Benjamin H., Joseph Benson and Oliver Edmund. In October, 1847, he entered the ministry of the Methodist church, and has since been an itinerant minister of that denomination. In 1865 he purchased his present farm, then containing ninety-five acres, but now has 185 acres. His father, Daniel Prose, was born in October, 1791, in Greenbrier County, W. Va., and came to Ohio when about twenty years of age. He was drafted into the war of 1812 for six months under Colonel Kobert Safford, and re- turned home in the spring of 1812. He was married in Gallia County about 1819 or 1820 to Catherine Rodomor, a native of Rockingham County, born in 1793, a daughter of Jacob Rodomor, of German descent. After his marriage he remained in Gallia County, where he bought land and died in July, 1867. He was a Magistrate of the township eight years. There were six sons and two daughters in his family, of whom two sons are deceased. Our subject's grandfather came from Denmark and located in Pennsyl- vania. Joseph Watson Rannells, son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Bay) Rannells, was born in Cumberland, Guernsey Co., Ohio, July 18, 1825. His mother died in June, 1838, and his father in July,' 1848. In 1S39 he' came with his father, brother and sister to Vinton County. He was married April 10, 1849, to Charlotte, daughter of David and Maria Jones. She was born June 16, 1831, in this county, where Vinton station now stands. April 25, 1S49, they moved to the farm of 360 acres which his father had bought for him. He afterward, by his good management and industry, increased his possessions, and at his death had 600 acres. He was universally respected, and was very prominent in political circles. He was a strong adherent of the Republican party and 1324 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. none worked harder than he at the polls. He died Dec. 12, 1877, after a lingering and at times painful illness. Mrs. Rannells was the administratrix and is now manager of the estate. Four chil- dren were born to Mr. and Mrs. Rannells — Sarah M., now Mrs. George Kahler, of Athens; Elizabeth F., now Mrs. T. E. Knauss, of Nelson ville; Charlotte E., now Mrs. F. H. Craig, of Mc Arthur, and Frank Mc, residing at home. Thomas Rannells, born in Cumberland, Guernsey County, Ohio, is a son of Josepii and Elizabeth (Bay) Rannells. His grandfather, David Rannells, was born in Virginia not far from Winchester. He was married in his native State and moved from there to Washington County, Penn., about 1776, where both he and his wife died. There were seven children — William, David, Sallie, John, Joseph, Jane and Samuel. William moved to Guernsey County, Ohio, a short. time after Joseph Rannells; David Rannells went to Ken- tucky and was a teacher in the Academy at Washington; Sallie was also a teacher in the Washington Academy and died near St. Louis, Mo.; John died in Washington County, Penn., when lie was eighteen years old; Jane died near New Plymouth, Ohio; Samuel died in Swan Township, Yinton County. Joseph Rannells was born in Washington County, Penn., July, 1784. He was mar- ried there in Cross Creek Village, in 1812, to Elizabeth Bay. She was born in Washington County, Penn. (not more than a mile from her husband's birthplace), Oct. 27, 1784, a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Blackburn) Bay. Both the Blackburn and Bay families were from Virginia. Thomas Bay, grandfather of Thomas Ran- nells, in his younger days was a hunter and went South on a hunting expedition and remained seven years. At one time he was pur- sued by the Indians and was obliged to swim a river to get away from them and lost his gun. He lived on deerskins thirteen days, all that he could get to eat as the Indians had his gun. He moved from Virginia to Washington County, Penn., just after his mar- riage, and about the same time the Rannells family moved there. In 1812 Thomas Bay and Joseph Rannells came with their families to Guernsey County, Ohio. Thomas Bay and his wife died in Guernsey County. He bought sixteen or seventeen quarter-sec- tions, apart of it still in the possession of his heirs. The town of Cumberland was laid out on his old farm. They reared a family of nine children, all born in Washington County, Penn. — Benja- min, Robert, William, Thomas, Elizabeth, Samuel, John, James and Archibald. They all died in Guernsey County except John, who HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1325 died on the Ohio river twenty miles below Gallipolis, and James, who died in the eastern part of Illinois, Aug. 28, 1839. Joseph Rannells came to Vinton County and bought land which at that time was in Hocking County. He died July 1, 1848. His wife died in Cumberland in June, 1838. They reared five children — Thomas, Sarah, Samuel, David and Joseph Watson. Thomas Rannells was born April 12, 1813. He was reared in Guernsey County and came with his father to Yinton County. He was raised to hard work and commenced helping his father clear his farm in Guernsey County as soon as he was old and strong enough tojhandle an ax. He was married in Guernsey County, near Con- cord, April 6, 1S41, to Mahalia McCreary, who was born near New Concord, April 11, 1S20, a daughter of Alexander and Leah (Hughes) McCreary. After the death of his father the homestead farm passed into his hands, the deed bearing date 1846, two years before his father died. The place has since been in his possession until the past few years when Mr. Rannells's health failing him and not being able to carry on the duties of the farm it was transferred to his children. Mr. and Mrs. Rannells have nine children — Mary E. (wife o.f William Vance, of Kansas), Joseph A.,Hylas B., Leah J. (wife of Vernon Stiers, of Swan Township, Vinton County), Sarah, A. (wife of Eugene Cable, of Nelsonville, Athens County), Thomas M., James W., David V. and William S. George W. Rickey was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Jan. 25, 1S36, a son of Benjamin F. and Mary (Morgan) Rickey. He is the second son of a family of nine children. When he was six months old his father moved to Athens County, where he still re- sides, at an advanced age. Mr. Rickey's early life was spent on the farm, and his education was received at the district schools, also at the Atwood Institute, Albany, Athens County. His intentions were to fit himself for a teacher, and during the time he was at- tending school he taught three winter terms in the district. At the close of his studies he was given a school, and for the next nine years he taught winter schools, and during the summer months worked for his father on the farm. Mr. Rickey was married Jan. 23, 1870, to Susan R. Bray, a daughter of John Bray, and a woman of many estimable qualities. Mrs. Rickey was born Jan. 31, 1842, in Hocking County, now Vinton County. A short time after his marriage Mr. Rickey purchased eighty acres of land in Swan Town- ship, and afterward made additions to it, having at present 131 acres. June 9, 1862, he enlisted in Company H, Eighty-seventh 1326 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Ohio Infantry, for three months, and was discharged at Camp Delaware, Ohio, Oct. 1, 1862. He participated in the battle of Harper's Ferry and in that battle was taken prisoner. The brigade was endeavoring to hold the ferry but were surrounded by the enemy and cut off from recruits. The conditions of the surrender were that they receive three days' rations and set back in their own lines. Aug. 9, 1863, he enlisted in the Ohio National Guards for five years and was assigned to Company H, Thirty-sixth Regi- ment. In May, 1864, when the call was made for 100-days' men, he was transferred from the National Guards and mustered into the United States service, through which he served, and was dis- charged Sept. 3, 1864, and from the " Ohio National Guards " in May, 1866. In 1860 he united with the Protestant Methodist church at Albany, Athens County, and upon his removal to Vin- ton County transferred his membership to the Methodist Episco- pal church, situated near his residence. His wife is also connected with, and in her religious faith was reared in, this church. Politi- cally he has associated himself with the Republican party. Mr. and Mrs. Rickey have five children — John A., born Oct. 15, 1871; Har- ley F., born Jan. 17, 1875; Lester, born May 23, 1877; Mary C, born April 24, 1879, and Orra A., born Dec. 10, 1880. John Schlotterbaok, born Oct. 11,1847, in Swan Township, Vin- ton County, is the sixth child of Henry and Mary Ann (Reynolds) Schlotterback. In 1861, although young in years, he enlisted in Company I, Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry. They went to Cheat Mountain, and thence to McDowell, where they encountered the enemy in a skirmish, and remained in camp about a week. The next move was across the Shenandoah Mountains and there re- ceived an attack from the enemy and fell back to Monterey. At this place they had a fight; were overpowered and fell back to Frank- lin, Va. During this time the regiment was under command of General Milroy, of Indiana. At Franklin General Fremont joined them with his army and took command. From this place they marched to Strausburg, in the Shenandoah Valley, and followed the rebel General Jackson up the valley to the Kenoyeway Valley. They had a fight at Cross Keys, which resulted in the defeat of Jack- son's army, which retreated across Shenandoah River and burned the bridge. From that place Fremont fell back to Middleton and then went into camp, remaining two months. At this camp Fremont resigned and General Pope took command. The next move was across Blue Ridge to Sperrysville, in Rappahannock County, where HISTORY." OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1327 the army lay in camp about three months. From Sperrysville they marched to Cedar Mountain, and reached there in time to wind up the fight, with General Banks, against the rebels under Longstreet and Jackson. The following day the entire army under Banks marched to the Rapidan River. The rebels had burned the bridge and the army went into camp about three weeks. From this place they marched back to Sulphur Springs on the Rapidan, thence on the next day a forced march of twenty-five miles to Freeman's Ford. At this place the field artillery was called into action. The next day one brigade of General Blinker's division crossed the river and made an attack while Mr. Schlotterback's company was holding guard over the ford. The brigade that crossed was obliged to fall back, which brought Mr. Schlotterback's company into action with the rebels, during which two of their men were killed — Wash- ington Bnrtnett and William H. Earnhart, of Vinton County. From this place they marched up the river to Bull Run. On the last day of the engagement at this place the Seventy-fifth Ohio was called into it, during which Mr. Schlotterback received a severe wound from a minie-ball through the left leg. For four days he lay upon the field where he fell, without anything to eat or drink. He was then taken to the hospital on the battle-field, where he lay four days longer, and then went to the Columbian College Hospital at Washington, where he lay about a month, during which time his leg was amputated. He remained at this hospital about three months, and was discharged and came home about Feb. 1, 1863. Mr. Schlotterback remained at home about a year, when he went to Indiana and remained there a year. He then returned home, and in March, 1S65, was married to Delia Wing, who was born in Chil- licothe, Ohio, May, 1848. Mr. Schlotterback then settled down and has resided in the county since, following the occupation of a fanner. Mr. and Mrs. Schlotterback have seven children — H. E., born Jan. 10, 1866; Buena Vista, born Feb. 18, 1868; Philip S., born Dec. 23, 1871; Ellenora, born Feb. 6, 1873; Hollis B., born May 18, 1875; Lizzie N., born Sept. 20, 1877; Estella M., born Feb. 22, 1880. Andrew Shurtz was born Oct. 31, 1825, in Muskingum County, Ohio. He remained with his father till his death, and after that, when the estate was settled, he bought all the heirs' claims and now has possession of the home property. He was a Whig in politics, and afterward a Republican. He served as Assessor of Swan Town- ship in 1864-'65, and was one of the Township Trustees about foHr 1328 HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. years. His grandfather left his native country (Germany) to avoid being drafted into the German army, and upon reaching this, country was sold to pay his passage, and after working five years at the weaver's trade was set free. He died about 1796. John Shurtz, father of Andrew, was born in Northumberland County, Pa., March 6, 1790. In 1801 he came with his mother, Mary Shurtz, to Ohio, and settled in Muskingum County, where he was reared to manhood. At the age of twenty-three he married Elizabeth Stone, a native of Pennsylvania. She died in 1831 leaving a family of four sons and two daughters, of whom the four sons are still living. Mr. Shurtz was afterward married to Doretta Louisa Yogeley, a native of Germany. They were blessed with two sons. and one daughter, of whom one son and the daughter survive. In 1837 he moved with his family to Hocking County (now Vinton County), and settled on the place where Andrew Shurtz now resides. Here he bought 210 acres of land. Mr. Shurtz's death occurred Aug. 2, 1852, and his wife died Sept. 12, 1875. He was Township Trustee for several years. In politics he always affiliated with the Whig party. O. L. Shurtz, born June 16, 1811, in Swan Township, Yinton County, a son of John and Louisa (Fogeli) Shurtz. He is the youngest of their three children. Henrietta is the widow of Sam- uel Wilson; Philip, deceased, entered the army in the One Hun- dred and Fourteenth Ohio Regiment; was taken sick from exposure at the siege of Vicksburg, came home shortly after his discharge and died. G. L. Shurtz, the subject of this sketch, was reared on the homestead farm now owned by Andrew Shurtz. He was mar- ried May 25, 1875, to Kate Specht, daughter of John and Catha- rine Spechr, formerly old citizens of this township. A short time previous to his marriage he bought his present property, contain- ing 160 acres on sections 10 and 11, afterward adding to it eighty acres. He also owns 160 acres on section 11, which has been in his possession since 1860. His fine stone residence, which was erected in 1882, at a cost of between $5,000 and $6,000, is one of the finest in Yinton County, situated on the main road, command- ing a fine view from all directions. Politically he is a Republican. Mr. and Mrs. Shurtz have three children — Ira, Minnie and Kie. Mr. Shurtz is one of the successful farmers of the county. When he began life for himself he had $300, and by his own good man- agement, backed up by an indomitable will and energy, has raised himself to the present prosperous position he now enjoys. HISTOKY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1329 E. E. Wallar, son of William S. and Sarah A. (Camp) Wallar, was born Feb. 9, 1842, in Guernsey County, Ohio. He moved to Yinton when eleven years old where he lived with his father till he was eighteen. He married Cordelia, daughter of Benjamin Rey- nolds, an old pioneer of Yinton County. They have two daughters — Yiola D., born March 21, 1867, and Susan L., April 14, 1868. Mr. Wallar enlisted in the Union army in Company F, One Hun- dred and Fourteenth Ohio Infantry, Aug. 19, 1862. He partici- pated in the battles of Chickasaw Bay, Arkansas Post, Champion Hills, siege of Yicksburg and others. He was mustered out of ser- vice at Houston, Texas, Aug. 18, 1865. After the close of the war he bought 200 acres of land, being the old homestead of his father, upon which he lived till 1871, when he sold ifand bought 240 acres in Swan Township, where he lived ten years. In October, 18S0, he purchased his present farm on section 22 containing 160 acres, on which, in 1881, he erected a fine dwelling at a cost of $1,500. With the exception of $950 received from his father his success in life is due to his own efforts; he now owns one of the finest farms in Swan Township. Politically Mr. Wallar is a Republican. He has been a member of the Board of Township Trustees for a number of years until 18S3. William S. Wallar, father of our subject, was born in Loudoun County, Ya., Oct. 20, 1809. He was reared in Guernsey County, Ohio, and Aug. 8, 1828, he married Sarah A. Camp, born Aug. 12, 1810, in Guernsey County, and daughter of Robert Camp. They had a family of seven children, four still living — Jasper N.; E. H., our subject; Sythia A., wife of Thomas B. Phillips; Mary L., wife of A. J. Yest. William S. bought a farm of 120 acres near Claysville where he remained about twenty-three }^ears. In 1851 he sold his farm and resided in Clinton Township, Yinton County, for seven years. He then bought 230 acres in Swan Town- ship, on section 9, where he died Aug. 18, 1860. His wife died March ,12, 18S1, at the residence of her daughter, Mrs. Thomas Phillips. John Wallar, father of William S., was a native of Vir- ginia, of Dutch-Irish descent. He moved with his family to Guern- sey County, Ohio. He died in Cambridge City, Ind., about 1840. Stephen H. Willis, deceased, was born in Greenbrier County, Ya., Sept. 14, 1804, a son of Ammill and Mary (Hix) Willis. He lived in Greenbrier County till he was about twenty-three years old. From the time he was ten years of age he was obliged to work, and aside from his immediate necessities would give his 84 1330 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. earnings to his parents. His father was afflicted so as to be unable to work and was somewhat dependent upon his children. There were twelve children in their family — James was killed in Virginia by the falling of a tree; John, Jonathan, Stephen, Samuel, Will- iam, Hannah, Margaret, Jane, Mary, Elizabeth and Ammill. About 1827 Stephen Willis left his home in Virginia and came to Ohio, locating in Athens (now Vinton) County. He went to work for Aaron Lantz (who married a cousin of Mr. Willis) and remained with him for some time after his marriage. He was married March 31, 1829, to Hester Stevens, who was born near Chillicothe, Ohio, Nov. 30, 1811, a daughter of James and Re- becca (Webb) Stevens. When Mrs. Willis was a small child her parents came to this county. In 1834 Mr. Willis bought a farm of eighty acres in Elk Township where they lived about four years. In 1838 he entered the present homestead place. The first entry was forty acres, and after a few years sixty acres more were bought, there being now 100 acres in the farm. There were eight children born to them, all of whom are still living — James, Mary Ann, Rebecca, George, Parcels, Hamilton J., Margaret J., Wm. A. James is a resident of Brooklyn, Schuyler County, 111.; Mary Ann, is in Central City, Merrick County, Neb.; Rebecca, on. the home- stead; George, in Brooklyn, 111.; Parcels, in Hamilton, and Marga- ret J., in Hamilton County, Neb., and Wm. A., on the home- stead. Mr. Willis died May 5, 1864. He was a prominent mem- ber of the Methodist church; was a Class -Leader in the church and an exhorter and devoted several years of his life to preaching. Mrs. Willis is still residing on the homestead. Captain John Siverly Witherspoon, son of John and Mary (Siverly) Witherspoon, was born in Oil City, Venango. Co., Penn., Dec. 4, 1836. He was reared in Pennsylvania, and in the summer of 1859 came to Vinton County, Ohio, and the following winter taught school in Zaleski, Ohio. He spent the summer of 1860 at school in his native State, and in the fall of that year returned to Vinton County, where he has since resided. He was one of the first to enlist in the three-months' service in 1861, and went out in Company D, Eighteenth Ohio Militia. At the expiration of his term of service he continued reading law at McArthur, which study he had commenced some time previous. In July, 1862, he enlisted in the three-years' serviee,in Company B, Ninetieth Ohio Infantry, lie was commissioned First Lieutenant, and remained with this company nine months. April 14, 1863, he was commissioned Cap- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1331 tain of Company I, which he commanded till he left the service. He received a wound in 1864 at Kennesaw Mountain which unfit- ted him for duty, and his resignation was accepted Feb. 14, 1865, at Huntsville, Ala. He left the army on the 27th of that month and reached home March 2, 1865. He was married while in the service, Oct. 13, 1861, to Delilah E., daughter of William and Nancy Albin. They have had a family of five children, four of whom are living — John Plyley, William Franklin, Ianthe Ellen, Charles Henry. Mr. Witherspoon's early life was spent around furnaces in the mining districts of Pennsylvania, his education till he was twenty -two years of age being very limited. Since that age he has devoted himself to study and now holds a five-year certifi- cate to teach. In 1861 he purchased his present farm and moved to it March 20, 1865. Since then he has been engaged in farming and teaching. Since 1867 he has taught during the winters with the exception of the winter of 1881, and has also taught select schools three summers, at which he has been very successful. In politics he is a Republican. In the fall of 1865 he was elected Justice of the Peace to fill a vacancy, which office he held two years when he resigned it. John Witherspoon,our subject's father, was born near Pittsburg, Allegheny Co., Pa., and his wife, Mary (Siverly) Witherspoon, is a native of Masonville, N. Y. They had eleven children of whom only two sons and two daughters sur- vive, eight having been reared to maturity. Two sons, David P. and William V., enlisted in the late war, in the Seventy-fifth Ohio Infantry, Company I. They gave up their lives in defense of their country at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. Mr. Witherspoon died in the spring of 1S52. Mrs. Witherspoon is still living and resides with our subject, John S., in Swan Township, Vinton County. JACKSON. Harry Bishop was born in England, Feb. 18, 1S32, and the same year he came to America with his parents, Samuel and Mary Ann (Balstone) Bishop, also natives of England, who settled in Beaver Township, Noble Co., Ohio. Harry was reared on a farm and ed- ucated in the common schools. July 4, 1854, he married his first wife, Elizabeth A. Mercer, daughter of Joshua and Ann (Burr) Mercer. They were the- parents of eleven children; of these the following are living — G-eorge W., Amanda E., Samuel J., Mary A., Margaret E., Julia C, David F. and Annie E. His wife died Feb. 22, 18S0, and he was married to Susan J. Dolison, daughter of James and Mary Dolison. One child, Josie B., has 1332 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. been sent to bless this union. Mr. Bishop is a prominent farmer of Yinton County and possesses 160 acres of good land. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and also four of his children. Politically he is a Republican. John S. Haivkin, one of the prominent farmers of Jackson Township, was born in Elk Township, Vinton Co., Ohio, July 18,. 1823. He was reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools of the country. Feb. 5, 1856, he was married to Miss Catherine Appleman, born in October, 1833, daughter of Levi and Savilla (Tatmun) Appleman, natives of Pennsylvania and Maryland respectively. They have been blessed with eight chil- dren — Jasper, Allen, George W., Abraham L., Rebecca, Mary, Oliver and William. Mr. Hawkin has by his industry and energy accumulated a good property, having at- the present time a fine farm of 163 acres highly cultivated on which is found plenty of iron ore of the best quality. In politics Mr. Hawkin is a Repub- lican. His parents, Jacob and Ann (Svvitzer) Hawkin, were na- tives of Virginia and came to Ohio in a very early day. Dr. George Rineheart was born in Greene County, Penn., Jan. ly 1832, a son of Steven and Sarah (Wyscarver) Rineheart, who were natives of Pennsylvania. He came to Noble County, Ohio, in the fall of 1811. He was reared a farmer and educated in the common schools. He was married Aug. 11, 1854, to Miss Annie Bishop, born June 6, 1837, a daughter of Samuel and Mary A. (Batstone) Bishop, who were natives of England and came to the United States in 1832. They have had five children — Samuel (deceased, Feb. 14,1880), Enson, lantha (married Israel Albin). George and Lolo. He bought a farm of 160 acres in Vinton County, and by adding to it is at the present time owner of 418 acres of excellent land. He has practiced medicine during his life but to no great extent. He has a large tobacco warehouse and a well-stocked farm, and has about 400 head of sheep. He is a member of the Masonic order and a Republican in politics. CHAPTER XL VIII. EAGLE, HARRISON AND RICHLAND TOWNSHIPS-IN AGRICULT- URE, POOR-IN MINERAL DEPOSITS, FAIR. Eagle— When Organized— Divided by Hocking— First Elec- tion, May 9, 1818, and in 1850 Gave Remainder to Vinton— Area and Location— The Old Pioneer— Religion and Educa- tion — Stock and Valuation. Harrison Township— A Part of Ross Township in 1798— To- pography— Well Watered— A Part of Jackson in 1818— Then Again of Ross— Population— Rapid Gain— Churches, Schools — Stock and Valuation. Richland Township— The Largest Township-Some Good Land- Its Assessed Valuation— Stock Report— North Part Good Farming Land— South Part, Minerals, Iron Ore and Coal— A Partial List of Settlers— Churches, Schools and Mili- tary — Biographical. EAGLE. AN INDEPENDENT MUNICIPALITY. Eagle Township was a portion of Hocking County when that county was organized April 25, ISIS. At that time it included the present township of Jackson. Dec. 2, 1831, Jackson was taken off of Eagle. The first election in Eagle Township was held May 9, 1818, at the house of Moses Dawson. June 2, 1834, the Commissioners of Hocking County cut off the north tier of sections from Eagle Township and added them to Salt Creek Township of Hocking County, leaving Eagle Town- ship but five miles north and south by six east and west. The fol- lowing winter what remained of it was transferred by special act of the General Assembly to Ross County where it remained until Vinton County came into existence in 1850. It was then, with Harrison, transferred to Vinton County to make up her re- quired territory. Thus Eagle Township had been some sixteen years a part of Hocking County and almost sixteen years a part of Ross. (1333) 1334- HISTOET OF HOCKING VALLEY. LOCATION, AKEA, ETC. The township is located in the northwestern part of the county, and is bounded on the north by Hocking County, on the east by Jackson Township, on the south by Harrison Township, and on the west by Ross County. It has been well timbered and it has water in abundance. Salt Creek runs diagonally through the township, from north- east to southwest, with several tributaries, and Pike Run rises in the northwest corner and runs south along the western border about a mile from the Ross County line and flows into Salt Creek about one mile before the latter stream passes over the line into Ross County. Pretty Run, on the east side, about one mile from its northeast corner, running south through the east side of sec- tion 13, and then turning southwest, after a course of nearly three miles empties into Salt Creek on section 22, passing through sec- tions 24 and 23. FIKST SETTLERS. Among the first settlers of Eagle Township were Moses Dawson, John Ratcliff, Lawrence Rains, Jonathan Francis, Joshua Pickens, William Vanderford, Sr. These pioneers with their families nearly all settled on Salt Creek and Pretty Run between the years 1812 and 1820. The first mill was built by Lawrence Rains in about 1813. It was located at the mouth of Pike Run, on Salt Creek. Another was shortly after erected on Pretty Run by Solomon Cox. The first postoffice was established in 1859 at Eagle Mills (from which it took its name), through the efforts of Miles Ratcliff, who was appointed first Postmaster. Another postoffice was established in 1882 on Pike Run, with E. H. Bennett the first and present Postmaster. The first church was built by the Christians on Pike Run, and near by was erected the first school-house. CHURCHES. The Methodist Episcopal Church, located on section 22, was erected in 1879, through the efforts of 'the Rev. William Ricketts, who has since been in charge of its pastorate. Its original mem- bers were very few but it now has a good membership which in- cludes many of the best citizens of Eagle Township. In 3 879 the HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1335 people erected a church on section 21 which is of no particular de- nomination-Union church, open to all. It has no regular pastor and is used mostly by the Disciples. This denomination has a church in the northern part of the township which was the first house ot worship within its borders. SCHOOLS. _ The educational facilities of the township have kept pace with its growth, and it has at the present time six schools within its lim- its. There are also six school-houses, which are all comfortable frame buildings. Eagle Township had, June 1, 1883, an assessed valuation of personal property amounting to $44,055. There are neither towns nor furnaces in the township, and this is mostly of farm product and stock. It had of the latter at the date of its last assessment, 188 horses, 317 cattle, 805 sheep and 319 hogs within the township. There are two other townships which have a smaller personal property valuation. The township has some coal within its border, but not so filled as the townships lying east, HARRISON TOWNSHIP. IT ONCE BELONGED TO EOSS. Harrison Township lies in the southwest corner of the county and is in area six miles square, with the exception of two sections in the northwest corner, which belong to Eagle Township. The maT °l H i arrison is ve T hilly and broken. It is well watered by Middle Fork of Salt Creek and Pigeon Fork, also by numerous branches in the different parts of the township, which, taken together with its excellent grazing land, afford ample resources for sheep- raising, which is one of the industries of the township, together with general farming. 6 Harrison Township is bounded on the north by Ea»le, on the east by Richland Township, on the south by Jackson County and on the west by Ross County and Eagle Township. PIONEEES. Among the Pioneers of Harrison Township were: James Brad v, Morris Humphrey, Solomon Wilkinson, Joseph and William Dixon m-!?£ ^^ and J ° lm Nicho]as - Thes ° "early all settled on Middle Fork of Salt Creek and on Pigeon Fork 1336 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. In 1840 the population was 63 1; in 1850, 580; in 1860, 780; in 1870, 782, and in 1880, 1172. Thus it will be seen that Harrison has not been behind her sister townships in her growth. The citi- zens of Harrison Township depend entirely upon the agricultural products for their sustenance as there are no other business inter- ests in the township with the exception of two small stores, one kept by Mr. Gibson and the other by II. II. Thacker, the latter at Eaysville. There are in Harrison Township eight school districts, each pro- vided with comfortable school-houses. CHURCHES. Harrison Township has only two churches, one Disciples and one United Brethren. The Disciples were the first to erect the church, which is known as Corinth, in 1870. It is located on section 35, a short distance from Raysville. The first preacher was Rev. T. M. Pinkerton, and the pastorate is now in the charge of the Rev. A. J. "Waltz. At the present time the membership numbers about 100, including many of the best citizens of Harrison Township. The United Brethren built their church soon after, and have a good membership, and are in a nourishing condition. STOCK AND ASSESSED VALUATION. The assessor's returns for June 1, 18S3, gives 229 horses, 495 head of cattle, 1,554 head of sheep and 329 hogs. Of the two latter the farmers should have quadrupled the number. Its assessed valuation of personal property is the smallest in the county, and foots up only $32,025. RICHLAND TOWNSHIP. IN RESPECT TO SIZE AND QUALITY. Richland Township is the largest in area of all the townships in the county. It contains forty-two full sections, or 26,880 acres, most of which is excellent land. It is drained by various small streams, of which the most important is the Middle Fork of Salt Creek. This enters the western edge ot section 7, and meanders through sections, 7, 6, 8, 5 and 4, leaving the township from the northern side of section 4. The land is adapted both for grazing and for agriculture, and there is also a good store of minerals, both coal and iron, especially in the southern part. Richland Furnace, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1337 in the southern part, on section 4, produces iron in large quanti- ties and of a good quality. Richland is bounded on the north by Jackson Township, on the east by Elk and Clinton townships, on the south by Jackson County, and on the west by Jackson County and Harrison Township, of this county. No railroad runs through the heart of Richland, but the Cincinnati, Washington & Balti- more (formerly the Marietta & Cincinnati) touches its southern border. The assessed valuation of the township, June 1, 1883, that is of personal property, footed up the snug amount of $96,530. Its stock as returned by the assessor numbered in horses 381:; there were 095 head of cattle, 5,250 head of sheep, and of hogs 32-4. It ranks fourth in sheep and fifth in cattle, and the first in horses. The northern part is better for agricultural productions than the southern part which, while grasses seem to thrive and it would be an excellent cattle range, is too rough and broken except in small patches of valley to do any large amount of farming work. The iron and the coal, however, will fully make up what it lacks in agricultural facilities. Richland Township was organized in about the year 1821, as a portion of Ross County, to which it then belonged. Upon the organization of Jackson County it became a part of that county, and when in 1851 Vinton County was formed Richland was cut off from Jackson County and attached to the new county. The following is a partial list of the old settlers of Richland Township: Henry, John, Abraham, Job, William and Joseph Cozacl and their families; John A. Swepston, James and Solomon Redfern, Robert Clark, Levi Davis, Samuel Darby, Enoch Dixon, John Loving, George Claypool, Philip Waldron, George Waldron, Nathan Cox, Jeremiah Cox, Samuel Cox, Samuel Graves, James Graves, William Graves, Henry Graves, Nathan Graves, Jonathan Graves, Joseph Graves, Thomas Graves, William Graves, Jr., John Graves, Eli Graves, "William Hutt, Charles Ilutt and Lem- uel Hutt. Henry Cozad entered land adjoining Allensville, which lie laid oft in 1837 and named in honor of William Allen. Mr. Cozad was the first merchant in Allensville, and also the first Postmaster. The second merchant was Marcus Miller. The postoffice was estab- lished in 1839, before which time there had been an office one mile east of Allensville, called Riley. James Redfern was the first Postmaster at this point. 1338 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The first school-teachers were: Thomas Johnson and Solomon Eedfern, who were followed by Brittun Stephen and John Dar- ley. The first preachers were: Solomon Redfern and Harvey, of the Methodist Episcopal church, and Noah Clark, Jonathan Bryan and John Swim, of the Christian church. The Methodist Episcopal Church was built about the year 1848. The first members were: Solomon Eedfern and wife, Archibald Drake and wife, and William Clark and wife. The Christian Church was built not 'long after the Methodist church. Before the erection of church buildings meetings were held in the school-house, and before that in private dwellings. Pleasant Chapel was organized in 1867 with fourteen members. They commenced the erection of a church the following year, which was completed about the close of the year. It cost $1,200 and was dedicated Feb. 22, 1869. Its first Pastor was the Rev. Sollers. The church is an off-shoot of the Methodist Episcopal church. The first and only mill in the township — a grist-mill with saw- mill attached — was built in 1843 or 1844 by Benjamin Rains. In the early days of Richland Township a military company was maintained, composed of members from Harrison and Richland townships. The company consisted of 100 men, with Nathan Graves as Captain. They had regular " training days," and many interesting reminiscences of those meetings were often recalled by the older residents. BIOGRAPHICAL — EAGLE. E vastus II. Bennett was born in Morgan County, Ohio, Feb. 21, 1838, the son of John and Sarah (Beaver) Bennett, his father a native of Pennsylvania and his mother of Ohio. He was reared on a farm, receiving his education in the common schools, and for the past sixteen years has taught during the winter. He enlisted Feb. ,22, 1865, in Company D, Fifty-eighth Ohio Infantry, and served till September of the same year. He was married March 10, 1859, to Sarah M. Burgoon. They were the parents of five children, three now deceased. Mrs. Bennett died in 1866. May 30, 1868, Mr. Bennett married Mary Ellen Poling. They have had a family of four children. Mr. Bennett was elected Justice of the Peace Jan. 26, 1883. He has held the same office two terms HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1339 in Hocking County. He owns three acres in this and seventy-five in Hocking County. He has a store of general merchandise and is Postmaster at Pine Run. He and his wife are both members of the Methodist church at Mt. Carmel, Hocking County. Samuel G. Darby was born in Jackson Township, Vinton County, Sept. 9, 1851, a son of Steven and Margaret (Grams) Darby, natives of this county. He was reared a farmer and educated in the com- mon schools with the exception of one term spent at Wilmington College in Clinton County, Ohio. Sept. 21, 1S73, he was married to Miss Eby E. Stevens, born Nov. 28, 1853, a daughter of John and Mary (Lonkester) Stevens. This union has been blessed with the following children — [da May, born June 4, 1874; Del van D., May 12, 1876; John S., Sept. 29, 1882. Mr. Darby was elected Township Clerk April 2, 1877, holding the office ever since with the exception of one year. He has ninety-seven acres of land on section 22 and is one of the prominent farmers of Eagle Township. He and his wife are members of the Christian church. Robert Kidnocker, merchant and Postmaster at Eagle Mills, was born Jan. 11, 1834, in Morgan County, Ohio, a son of Good- lief and Lucinda (Miller) Kidnocker. His father was a native of Germany and came to the United States when about twenty years old and has resided in Morgan and Hocking counties, Ohio, ever since. He died April 16, 1883, aged over seventy-one years. Mrs. Lucinda Kidnocker was born in the State of Ohio in 1809. She is still living and quite active considering her age. Robert, our sub- ject, worked on a farm till sixteen years of age when he followed the business of steam-bolting till he was twenty-one years old. He then returned to his home in Hocking County remaining there one year, and was there married, April 23, 1856, to Sarah, daughter of Daniel and Louisa (Moody) Eveland. They have been blessed with five children, three of whom still survive — Claracie, Annie and Ellsworth. Those deceased are Belle and an infant. Mr. Kid- nocker has accumulated a large property. In 1876 he purchased the Eagle Mills on Salt Creek, Eagle Township, and also runs a large dry-goods and grocery store at this place. On March 11, 1883, he bought the Gamble's Grist-Mill, on Buck Creek, in Indi- ana. He also owns property in Adelphi,Ross County, and inVinton County, and ten acres of land where he resides. Nelson Lee was born in Hocking County, Ohio, Sept. 10, 1826, a son of James and Hannah (Barttson) Lee, natives of Pennsylva- nia, who came to Ohio in 1814 and settled in Swan Township, then 1340 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. in Hocking County, but now in Yinton. He was reared in this county receiving his education in the primitive log school-house. When twenty -four years of age he went to work at the carpenter's trade, but in April, 1859, bought 102 acres of land in Jackson Township and went to farming. In 1866 he sold this farm and bought 200 acres in the same township where he only remained a year. He now owns eighty acres in this township. For the past eight years he has been a preacher of the gospel. He was married Nov. 11, 1858, to Rachel Jordan, daughter of James and Sarah A. (Bolener) Jordan, who was born Oct. 10, 1839. They are the par- ents of six children — Sarah R., born Jan. 26, 1860, died Nov. 23, 1874; John, born Aug. 21, 1861; Hannah E., born July 29, 1863; Pinkney W., born Jan. 4, 1875; Charles S., born April 15, 1877, and James H., born Feb. 10, 1881. William Ratcliff, born in Eagle Township, Vinton Co., Ohio* Feb. 16, 1857, son of Jeremiah and Ruth (Brown) Ratcliff, who were natives of Ohio. He was reared on a farm and received a common-school education. Oct. 6, 1878, he married Mellie Graves, born April 23, 1857, and daughter of Nelson and Marina (Peecher) Graves, natives of Virginia. They were blessed with one child — Clifford J., born March 9, 1880. Mr. Ratcliff has followed farming all his life. He has held several offices of the township and at present is Road Supervisor. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Concord. In politics he is a Repub- lican. Joshua J. Speakman was born in Eagle Township, Sept. 29, 1832, a son of Joshua and Mary (Wyckoff) Speakman, his father a native of Pennsylvania, and his mother of Virginia. His father came to Ohio in 1808 and located in Ross County. In 1812 he came to Vinton County and settled where his son now lives. Joshua J. Speakman was reared to the life of a farmer and has always fol- lowed that occupation, and now has a tine farm of 203 acres. He was married Dec. 13, 1S55, to Fannie, daughter of David and De- lilah White. Seven children were born to them — Samantha J., born Sept. 26, 1856, married David Burgood in September, 1875; Samuel V., born Oct. 21, 1857, married Ida Miller in March, 1880; Simon E., born July 13, 1860; Sarah L., Nov. 29, 1862, married William Crider in 1879; William David, born Jan. 2, 1865; Eliza- beth E., March 9, 1867, and Albert N., Feb. 16, 1869. Mrs. Speak- man died in August, 1870. In October, 1S71, Mr. Speakman mar- ried Matilda J. Ramey. They are the parents of seven children — HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1341 Cora B., born July 26, 1872; Charles W., May 7, 1874; Mary A., born Nov. 28, 1875, died Oct. 2, 1876; Calvin L., born July 4, 1877; George K., born June 7, 1879, and an infant, born Sept. 14, 1881, died Dec. 23, 1881. Mr. Speakman is a member of the United Baptist church at Mt. Zion. William R. Yaple was born in Ross County, Ohio, Oct. 17, 1833, the son of Samuel and Maria (Thompson) Yaple, the former a native of New York and the latter of Virginia. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. He was married Nov. 29, 1869, to Elizabeth A., daughter of William and Mary (Vincent) McDonald. They have had five children, four now liv- ing — "Wallace D., Albert S., Mary A. and Ara E. Arthur died May 8, 1874. Mr. Yaple came to this county in 1840. He has 320 acres of good hill land, well improved. He has held the office of Township Treasurer since 1867. In 1863 he was in the Kirby- Smith raid through Kentucky, which was the only part he took in the Rebellion. HARRISON. Isaiah H. McCormick was born in Wyandot County, Ohio, a son of James and Mary A. (Savage) McCormick, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of New Jersey. His parents were married in 1832, and had a family of seven children, six of them sons, Isaiah H. being the second. All these sons were in the late war, and I. H. was the only one wounded. He enlisted in Com- pany A, Fortieth Illinois Infantry, July 27, 1861. He was in a number of engagements, and was wounded twice at Shiloh. He was mustered out as Captain of Company E, One Hundred and Forty-eighth Ohio Infantry, Sept. 18, 1864. He was married March 18, 1864, to Rachel L. Walker, daughter of Marcus H. and Harriet L. (Ratcliff) Walker, who was born Nov. 22, 1842. They have had four children, only three now living — Charles E., Cora E. and Elley.W. Annie L. died Aug. 4, 1870. Mr. McCormick educated himself by his own labor. He taught school and thus obtained the means to enable him to attend Otterbein University at Westerville three years. He is now the principal merchant at Raysville, carrying a stock of general merchandise, valued at $3,000. He at one time owned 1,100 acres of fine land, and at present owns 1,000 acres. When he returned from the army he had $300, and in 1867 began business in Raysville. He is a Knight Templar Mason, an Odd Fellow, a member of the Grand 1342 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Army of the Eepublic, the Koyal Arcanum and the Knights of Honor. Mr. McCormick is worth about $40,000, and carries $16,000 life insurance. He has held various offices of trust in Yin- ton County, but of late years, though often solicited, refuses to accept any office. He is a member of the Christian church at Rays- ville. Benjamin W. Thacker was born in Wilkes Township, Yiuton County, March 30, 1853. His parents, Thomas and Anne (Vaughn) Thacker, natives of Virginia, came to Ohio in 1831, and settled in what was then "Wilkes Township, Gallia County, but is now part of Vinton. The subject of this sketch was reared on a farm and edu- cated in the common school, and also attended one term at Leba- non. Jan. 5, 1875, he was married to Maggie Wellman, born Sept. 20, 1859. Her father, James Wellman, was killed while serving his country in the late war. This union has been blessed with nve children — Stella I., Charles P., Annie L., Wendell P. and Harry J. Mr. Thacker owns seventy acres of land, besides a saw-mill, valued at $1,500. At present he is engaged in the lumber trade. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren church at Fairview. RICHLAND. W. W. Belford, merchant and Postmaster, was born in 1839, in Marshall County, Va. He received a good practical education, and began teaching when almost twenty-one years of age, in which he has achieved success. In 1861 he enlisted in Company D, Eight- eenth Ohio Infantry, and served as a private during his term of enlistment. He was married in 1864 to Anna, daughter of Daniel Cozad, by whom he had three children — William R, Franklin F. and Martha A. Mrs. Belford died in 1869, aged twenty-three years. He was again married in 1870, to Mary L. Cozad, his first wife's sister. This union was blessed with two children — Ma- tilda M. and Alice A., deceased. Mr. Belford commenced his present business in 1875, and carries a full line of goods. He does a business of $7,000 per annum. In 1864 he was elected Clerk of Richland Township, and served nearly seven years. He was elected Auditor in 1871, and re-elected in 1873. In 1876 he was elected Treasurer of the township, and in April, 1880, Justice of the Peace, serving in the latter capacity one term. In 18S0 he was appointed to his present position as Postmaster. His parents, Benjamin and Mary Belford, were natives of Pennsylvania. They located in Monroe County, Ohio, in 1846, and in this county in 1848, where they died. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1343 Robert Clark was a native of North Carolina, and settled with his family here about 1812. He located in what is now this town- ship, where he lived permanently. His wife's name was Rachel Graves, who bore him the following children — William, John, James-, Henry, Daniel, Isaac and Robert, Jane Margaret, Amy and Hannah. His children became citizens of the county. He died in 1836, and his wife died about 1835. Abraham N. Cozad, a son of Henry and Margaret (Clark) Cozad, was born in 1827 in Richland Township. His early life was spent on a farm and attending the subscription schools. In 1847 he was married to Anna Graves. To them have been born six children — Elizabeth J., John J., Margaret A., Charles A., Mary L., and Char- ity A. After his marriage he engaged in the mercantile business in Allensville, which he followed till 1860, when he abandoned it till 1865, and since then has been engaged in merchandising at inter- vals. He took a regular course of study of law and was admitted to the bar of Ohio in 1874. He has served as Justice of the Peace eighteen years and was County Auditor from 1863 to 1865, Township Treasurer three terms and Clerk one term. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, McArthur Lodge. Politically the 'Squire is a Democrat. Henry Cozad was born in New Jersey, and was a son of Job and Catherine (Fink) Cozad. He was married four times, first to Jane Law, by whom he had four children — William, Elizabeth, Daniel and Catherine. His second wife was Margaret Clark, and the chil- dren by this marriage were — Abraham N., Job W. and John J. For his third wife he married Mary Gregg, and his fourth and last wife was Scytha (Darby) Fry. He served in the war of 1812, and was with Hull at the surrender of the Michigan frontier. He died in 1860, aged sixty-eight years. -His parents were natives of New Jersey and Pennsylvania, who settled in Ross County about 1800. They were the parents of eight children, six of whom were sons. He was a Methodist Episcopal minister, and one of the first preach- ers in this section of Ohio. He died in 1823, while filling an ap- pointment near McArthur. James Hawkins was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, in 1822. He was reared on a farm in his native county until 1856 when he moved to Hocking County, and in 1872 purchased 316 acres where he now resides. His farm at that time was in a poor condition, but through his labor he has now one of the best kept farms in the township. Besides farming he is engaged in stock-raising and at 1344 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. present has a flock of 260 sheep, among them being a number of line merinos. He has been Trustee of Richland Township two terms. During his residence in Hocking County he held that posi- tion nine years. He has been twice married, his first wife being Amanda Tidd, whom he married in 1844. She bore him two chil- dren — William Q. and one who is deceased. Mrs. Hawkins died in 1848. He was again married to Lavina Ensbery. This union has been blessed with five children — El wood D., James O., John C.j Thomas E. and Charles O. Mr. Hawkins and wife have been members of the Methodist Episcopal church for some time. James A. Martlndill was born in 1825 in this township. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools of that day. He was married March 16, 1848, to Sarah Shreck. Nine children have been born to this union, five of whom are living — Arminda, Edith B. C, Eliza M. and Sarah V. Jasper, Douglass, Delila and Ida B3II are deceased. After his marriage he located in this township, where he has since resided. He was elected in 1862 Justice of the Peace, which office he held continuously till 1880. Several years previous he served as Clerk of the township. He owns 248 acres of well-improved laud and is engaged in farm- ing and stock-raising. He and family are members of the Christian church. Moses Martlndill was born Oat. 9, 1803, in Greenbrier County, W. Ya. Was a son of James and Margaret Martindill, who located in Gallia County, Ohio, about 1808. Our subject grew to man- hood in Gallia County and after his marriage settled in what is now Swan Township, but after several years returned to Gallia County. In 1831 or '32 he settled in this township, where lie remained till his death in 1849. He held some of the minor offices of the township. He belonged to the United Brethren church and contributed much to its welfare. By his first wife, Miss Butler, he had no children. His second wife, Matilda Claypool, bore him ten children — James A., Caroline, Andrew J., Amanda, Samuel, Moses, Jr., Margaret, Joseph, Matilda A. and Sarah E. Mrs. Martindill died Feb. 3, 1875, at the age of seventy-one years. Mr. Martindill came to the county a poor man but during his life he accumulated a good propertj 7 . CHAPTER XLIX. WILKESVILLE, VINTON AND CLINTON TOWNSHIPS— A TRIO THAT CONTAINS IMMENSE MINERAL DEPOSITS. WiLKESVILLE TOWNSHIP In THE MlNERAL BELT IRON Ore AND Coal — Wilkesville Tillage — Churches — Township Schools — Lodge — Hawk's Station — Minerton — Valuation and Stocks. Vinton Township — Name — Metes and Bounds — Early Settle- ment — When Organized — Schools — Population — Radcliff Station — Mineral Development — Stock — Personal Property Valuation. Cltnton Township — Boundary — Formerly of Athens County — Then of Jackson County — Once a Part of Elk Township — It is Rough and Broken — Its Living Waters — When Settled — Local History — Hamden— Postoffice — Lodges — Churches — Dundas Village — Educational Facilities — Population — Val- uation — Stock Report — Biographical. WILKESVILLE TOWNSHIP. GREAT MINERAL RESOURCES. Wilkesville Township is the southeastern one of Vinton County, and was taken from Gallia County, which it adjoins, when Vinton County was formed, in 1S50. It lies directly in the great mineral belt of Southern Ohio, and its hills are rich in coal and iron. The greater part of the surface of the township is hilly and adapted for grazing, but fine crops of corn and wheat are raised along the val- ley of the Raccoon, which runs through the township from north to south. Wilkesville was organized as a separate township in 1815 when a part of Gallia. The population of Wilkesville has had a haalthy and constant growth, being in 1840, 738 ; 1850, 1,037 ; 1860, 1,316 ; 1870, 1,472, and in 1S80, 1,812. VILLAGE. The village of Wilkesville is in the eastern part of the township, half a mile from the Meigs County line. The land on which the village stands and a large part of the surrounding country was purchased by an Eastern gentleman named Wilkes, about 1807. 85 (1345) 1346 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Iu the year 1810 Henry Due, the agent of Mr. Wilkes, came on to the ground, and on the 10th day of June laid out the town, naming it Wilkesville in honor of the owner. During this year five families settled in the township. The first was that of Isaac Hawk, who moved from Greenbrier County, Va.,in 1S07, to the lower part of Gallia County, Ohio. In January, 1810, he came to this township, where he remained until his death, in 1862. The first sermon preached in Wilkesville was at his house, by Reverend Mr. Dixon, a Methodist minister. William Humphreys, Henry Jones, Rufus Wells and Mr. Terry came about the same time. The first child born in Wilkesville was Clara Jones, and the second was Henry Hawk. Mr. Due had offered a land warrant to the first child that should be born in Wilkesville. Mr. Due brought his family from Middletown, Conn., in the spring of 1812. About the same time Mr. Chitwood, another Eastern man, moved to the farm now owned by Able Wells. He kept a store iu his house, and was the first man that ever kept goods to sell in Wilkesville Township. WILKESVILLE BUSINESS. The first store in the village of Wilkesville was kept by a man named Richmond. In 1828 James Edmiston and William Stowell were competitors for the trade. They were followed by Harvey Brown and Hiram G. Daniel. The present business firms of Wilkesville are Cline & Miller, general store; J. Strong & Son, gen- eral store; M. P. Carr & Son, general store; B. F. Williams, notions and postoffice; Misses Cline & Hays, millinery; W. C. Cline, drugs; Louis Keltenbach, wagon-shop; Cyrus Devault & Sons, wagon and blacksmith shop; George Patten, blacksmith shop; Hawk & Strong, furniture; George Wetherholt, furniture; William Thompson, hard- ware; John Muholland, blacksmith shop; James Reisinger, wagon- shop; George Currey, tannery; J. J. Cline, harness shop; John Caywood, hotel; Henry Grady, shoe shop; Robert Hurd, shoe shop. The oldest house in Wilkesville is the brick dwelling on High street, now occupied by James Lyons. It was built by Henry Due, about 1816. Wilkesville once had a newspaper, the Reporter, issued July 25, 1872, by Charles B.Taylor and Vinet E.Taylor. It supported General Grant for the presidency, but died soon after the campaign closed. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1347 CHURCHES. First Presbyterian Church. — The first Presbyterian sermon ever preached in Wilkesville was at the house of Henry Due, by Rev. William R. Gould, who was then laboring at Gallipolis, under the auspices of the Connecticut Missionary Society. The church was organized by Mr. Gould in October, 1821, receiving seven persons, two men and five women. They were John Strong, Henry S. Duc> Lucy Due, Mary Due, Betsey Davis, Sadai Strong and Mabel Strong. The first ministers were Rev. William R. Gould, Rev. Augustus Pomeroy and Rev. Hiram R. Howe, the last of whom was the first regular supply here. The Methodist Episcopal was the pioneer church in Wilkesville, the first religious services in the village having been held by Rev. Mr. Dixon. He was followed by Rev. John Brown, who formed a class about 1814. The house of worship used by the society is large and commodious, and the church is in a prosperous condi- tion. The present Pastor is Rev. Mr. Rice. The Roman Catholic Church has about 300 members, including all baptized infants. Their house of worship was destroyed by fire in 1873, and'a new one has been erected at a cost of over $8,000. It is well supported and increasing in both membership and influ- ence. SCHOOLS. The first school in Wilkesville was taught by Mrs. Crooker, in 1818. A school-house was built where the present one stands about 1833. Miss Isham, sister of Dr. Isham, first taught in it. Besides the public schools there were occasional select schools. Major J. C. H. Cobb taught an excellent school for some two years, and Mrs. E. D. Shaw also taught for a time. Just after the close of the war Rev. Warren Taylor taught a select school in the Presby- terian church. A number of returned soldiers attended. In the spring of 1866, at a meeting of a few leading citizens, called by Rev. W. Taylor, the building of Wilkesville Academy was deter- mined upon. The money was nearly all raised in the vicinity. This school has been a great benefit to Wilkesville, having attracted students from abroad and furnished the surrounding country with some excellent common-school teachers. 1348 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. SOCIETY. Orphan's Friend Lodge. No. 275,F. & A. M., is the only secret society in Wilkesville. A lodge of Freemasons was^ organized in 1829, named Orphan's Friend Lodge, No. 100. The first officers were Job Phetteplace, W. M.;E. McMillen, S.W.; Cushing Shaw, J. W., T. P. Fogg, Treasurer; N. B. Purinton, Secretary; Seth Thompson, S. D.; A. Saunders, J. D.; Royal R. Althar, Tyler. This lodge ceased work in 1844. It was resurrected under the name of Orphan's Friend Lodge, No. 275, with the following charter members: John H. Cay wood, D. H. Smith, R. C. Grant,. H. H. Bishop, Job. Phetteplace, Jeremiah F. Davis, F. Rowley, G. Underwood, T. P. Fogg and Cushing Shaw. The lodge has a beau- tiful, well-furnished hal), and is in a prosperous condition pecuniarily. HAWK'S STATION. Hawk's Station is a young settlement, principally built up since the railroad was built through the township. Near the station is Hartley's mill, the history of which extends back over half a cent- ury. It was originally built by one Houdasheldt, probably as early as 1825. It is situated on Raccoon Creek, in the northwest- ern part of the township. Houdasheldt ran the mill for some twenty or more years, and then sold to Benjamin Hawk. From him it passed to David Westf'all, who owned it several years. It was burned down in 1848, and rebuilt by Mr. Westfall. In 1855 or 1856 he sold it to John Berkheimer, from whom it was pur- chased in 1858 by George Hartley. He died in May, 1S81, since when the mill has been in the hands of Amos and E. A. Hartley, his sons. The mill is valued at $5,000. It is run by water-power, contains two run of stone, and has a capacity of ten bushels per hour. Among the early settlers in this vicinity were Peter Starr, a relative of Houdasheldt, and who came with him, and was last heard of in West Virginia; Isaac Hawk and bis son, Benjamin Hawk, who settled in the northern part of the township in 1842 (Isaac Hawk died in 1863,at the age of sixty -seven; Benjamin Hawk died in 1865) ; Michael Carpenter, Ivory Thacker, Thomas Thacker, Holman Thacker, James McNeal, Louis Dowell, Malachi Dorton, Dennis McGinnisand AVed. Knapper, were also among those early arrivals. The last three were drowned at Hartley's mill in 1857* by the upsetting of a canoe in which they were rowing. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 134:9 The postoffice was established in 1880. Casimir Hawk is the first and present Postmaster. The principal industry at Hawk's is the mining and shipping of coal, which business is controlled by William Comstock. MINERTON. Near the point now called Minerton was built the Quinn Mill, which is nearly as old as Hartley's mill. The Catholic church at this point was built nearly forty years ago, and among the early priests were Fathers Rapp, Kelly, O'Meilly and Thinpont. The priest in charge at the present time, Father Louis Grimmer, has been at Minerton for about four years. The congregation includes about ninety families. The church, originally frame, was burned in 1S72, and rebuilt with brick, at a cost of, $3,000. The store at Minerton was opened in 18S0 by the present owner, John Lawler, who is also railroad agent and Postmaster. The population of Minerton is about fifty. United Brethren Church. — Besides the church at Wilkes ville, there is one other church in the township. It is of the United Brethren denomination, and is situated in the north-central part of the township. It is of frame, built in 1873, at a cost of $1,000, and will seat about 150. Tiie Pastors have been Revs. John Zim- merman, Louis Simmons, John Miles, Mr. Burnworth and Mr. Loer, the present Pastor. The membership is about thirty-five. The village of Wilkesville was incorporated Aug. 12, 1881. Wilkesville Township is bounded on the north by Yinton Town- ship, on the east by Meigs County, on the south by Gallia County and on the west by Jackson County. There are two voting precincts known as Eastern and Western. The East Precinct had 128 horses, 433 head of cattle, 2,813 head of sheep and 117 hogs. The West Side had 154 horses, 617 head of cattle, 2,373 head of sheep and 336 hogs, which gave a decided preponderance except in sheep. The East Side, however, shows the greatest valuation in personal property. The east has $60,661, and the west $52,415. It had 5,216 sheep, the township being fourth in that regard. There is only one stream of water in the township of any note, Raccoon Creek, which enters on section 24 of its north tier of sec- tions and meanders, first south, then southwest, then southeast, east, and southeast and south and leaves the township on section two, about one and a half miles east of the Meigs County line. 1350 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. VINTON TOWNSHIP. "Vinton Township was named after Hon. Samuel F. Yinton, after whom also the county was named, on its formation. It is watered by Kaccoon Creek, Elk Fork of Kaccoon Creek, and their numer- ous small tributaries. It is bounded on the north by Madison and Knox townships, on the east by Meigs County, on the south by Wilkesville Township, and on the west by Jackson County and Clinton Township. The land is mostly owned in large parcels, the Eagle Furnace Company, the Lincoln Furnace Company, the Yinton Coal and Iron Company, and several private parties owning large tracts. The farms are generally larger than usual in this part of the State. The township contains agreatvariety of lands. Someofitisasgood agricultural land as exists anywhere, but the surface is very rough and hilly, especially along Raccoon Creek. Most of the land is well adapted for grazing, and stock-raising could be made profitable. The township is also rich in minerals, and in the western part coal and iron are found in abundance. It may be generations hence ere these resources are fully developed, but their presence assures lasting wealth to Yinton Township. OFFICERS AND OLD SETTLERS. The following are the names of the old settlers of Yinton Town- ship who came before 1825: George Eotsler, William Pierce, Will- iam Mark, Paul Mas, Royal R. Althas and James Read. Other early settlers were: John Booth, the oldest settler living in Yinton Township, who came from Harrison County, Ya., in 1831, and now lives at Radcliff's Station; Jonathan Radcliff, Jonathan Bloer and Stephen Aiken ; all came in 1826 and 1827, the latter a miller by trade. The first school taught was in 1827, near the graveyard on frac- tion 19. There are now five schools — one on section 8, one on fraction 19, one on section 25, one on section 33, and one in the northern part of the township. There are now four cemeteries in Yinton Township. The oldest, on fraction 19, was used before 1830. Another very old cemetery is on section 19, near Campbell's Place. There is a cemetery near John Mas's, in the northern part of the township, and another near Thomas Bowen's place. The first religious services in the township were conducted by a Methodist circuit rider. It is not known at what date the first HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1351 class was formed, but occasional preaching was had as early almost as the township was settled. Tnere is at present but one church in the township — Aiken's Chapel, in the northern part. It is a frame church, and has been built about fifteen years. It is in fair condi- tion, having about thirty members. The present Pastor is Rev. Noah Lohr. Vinton contains two mills, both ran by water-power, and situ- ated on Raccoon Creek. The oldest one was built by Stephen Aiken about fifty years ago. About 1879 the mill was purchased by Henry Gear, the present proprietor. It contains two run of stone. It was burnt and rebuilt in 1864. Yale's mill is an old mill, though not built so early as Aiken's mill. It was built by Gabriel JBowen in 1838 or '39, and by him run for a long term of years. He sold, some time before the war, to James Hawk who, after a time, sold to Samuel Yale. It now belongs to John Q. A. Yale, nephew of Samuel Yale. Mr. Yale is also the Postmaster at this point, which is known as " Yale's Mill." SCHOOLS. Yinton Township has eight school districts and has a good frame school building in each. The total school population of the town- ship is 411, of which 207 are boys and 204 are girls. There are also in the township thirty-six youths between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one years. Last year, 1882, the eighth building was erected, costing $540. The value of school property in the township is assessed at $3,040. Of the number of pupils enrolled 159 wore boys and 189 girls, and the per cent, of attendance was sixty -three. The schools are kept up six months in the year, and the educational department of the township is a progressive one, with a promise of increased usefulness. The population of Yinton Township in 1840 was 227; 1850, 460, and 1860 it was 807. The war reduced it to 656 in 1870. In 1880 it recovered and gained rapidly, hav- ing 1,131. Hadcliff's Station, in the southern part of the township, has been built up entirely since the completion of the railroad. The first store here was opened in 1880 by R. D. McManigal. He sold out to William Burton and William Campbell, and Mr. Bur- ton retiring recently Mr. Campbell now conducts the business alone. Seth Norton has been in trade here for some two years past. The postofrice was established about three years ago. Will- iam Burton was Postmaster the first year, since when Seth Nor- 1352 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ton has had the office. The first station agent here was Ephrann R ad cliff, who remained till the fall of 1882, and then went to Ne- braska. William Burton was the agent till the spring of 1883, when Oliver Harpell was placed in charge. Considerable quanti- ties of coal, iron ore and lime are shipped from Radcliff's. Popu- lation of Radcliff's, seventy-five. £agle Furnace is over thirty years old, and is northwest of Rad- cliff's, in the western part of the township. The furnace was built by Messrs. Bentley and Stanley a number of years ago. There is a postofnce at this point. Population about fifty. The develop- ment of its mineral resources has done much to retard its agricult- nral productions, and the mineral lands are held in large bodies and are not cultivated. Raccoon Creek and its main branch, Elk Fork, has some splen- did bottom land, but the valleys are narrow. The hills are full of coal and it is found from three to nine feet in thickness. In its as- sessed valuation for 1883, June 1, it had of personal property, $37,192. It had June 1, 1883, 156 horses, 579 cattle, 1,207 sheep and 184 hogs. CLINTON TOWNSHIP, formerly a part of Alexander Township, Athens County, and then of Elk Township, is situated in the southern part of "Vinton County. It is bounded on the north by Elk Township, on the east by Yinton Township, and on the south by Jackson County, and on the west by Jackson County and Richland Township, of Yinton County. Its sur- face is usually very rough and better adapted for grazing than for agricultural purposes, and yet there is some very good farming land, and good crops of corn and wheat are raised on many farms. The mineral resources of the township are almost inexhaustible, and will be a source of wealth and prosperity for ages to come. Both coal and iron are found in abundance, and considerable quantities are mined and shipped. Hamden Furnace is situated on the south half of section 21, and the Furnace Company own several whole sections of land in the township, besides other large tracts less than a township in size. Several large bodies of land are also owned by the Eagle Furnace Company, and by the Yinton Fur- nace Company. The farms in the township average rather large. The surface is drained by the Little Raccoon Creek and several small tributaries, and three or four different streams have their beginnings in Clinton Township, which is on a rather high plane. Wolf Creek, in the northeastern portion, flows northward through HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1353 sections 11 and 2. Little Raccoon Creek has a general southerly course through the western part of the township, which it enters on the west side of section 7, flowing through sections 7, 18, 20 and 29, besides touching sections 19 and 30, and leaving the township on the southern edge of section 29. Tiie highest parts of the town- ship are in the center. The first settlements in Clinton Township were made about 1811 by Nathaniel Richmond, David Paine, Robert Elders, Downy Read, Robert Ward, Thomas McGrady, William McGrady and Abraham Wilbur. These were soon followed by Charles Robbins, William Craig, Jonathan Dempsey, James Detnpsey, John Frazee, John Johnson, Ephraim Frazee, Jehiel Frazee, Augustus Frazee, Patrick Murdock, Joseph McKinnis, John Farr, Edward Salts, Patrick Shearer, — Morrow, John Rankin, John Snook, John Sullivan, William Hoffine, William McCumtnell, Jonathan Win- ters and Daniel Hollenshead. The timber of the township has been cut down to a great extent, but has been of good quality for building and other uses. It con- sists principally of hickory and oak, though there is plenty of yel- low poplar, elm and maple. The first religious services were conducted by that pioneer denom- ination, Methodist Episcopal, though it was not long ere the advo- cates of other creeds were busily at work throughout the country. Among the first preachers were Reverends David Dutcher, Elisha Wright, Jacob De Zay, Roe and Feree. None of these were stationed here permanently. They belonged to that pioneer class called "circuit-riders," and their services in forwarding and promoting morality among the pioneers can scarcely be over-esti- mated. The population of Clinton has had a steady, healthy increase from its settlement to 1870, due to the natural growth and to immi- gration; but for the last thirteen years or more the pjpulation has been about stationary, many of the younger men leaving, going West to the promising new countries — Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and elsewhere. The census of 1870 gave the township a popula- tion of 1,724, and in 1880 the returns footed up only 1,608. HAMDEN. The land upon which the village of Hamden was laid out was entered by Nathaniel Richmond in the year 1820. It afterward became the property of Charles Robbins and J. K. Wilson, who 1354 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. laid out the village in 1834, the survey being made by O. M. Tyson. It is situated in the southern part of section 19 and a part extends over into section 30. Charles Robbins owned the land on the east side of Main street and Mr. Wilson that on the west side. The first merchants in Hamden were William Burlegin and Augus- tus Frazee. Jervis Leach kept the first hotel. The first teachers were Polly Ward, Thomas and Thompson Leach, John Keenan and Thomas Hagins. Samuel Tarr and Samuel Washburn built a tan- nery in an early day, which they soon after sold to George and Christian Yager, afterward erecting another. In 1853 and 1854 the foundry was built by a joint stock company with a capital of $5,000. Hamden was first named Charleston, in honor of one of its founders, Charles Robbins, and this name it retained till about 1852 or 1853, when it was christened Hamden. The first postoffice in Clinton Township was kept one. mile north of the present town of Hamden and was called Reed's Mill. It was in the course of time removed to Hamden, which name it as- sumed and retained for a time. It was then named Hamden Junc- tion (its present name) to avoid confusion with another place in the State bearing the same name. Hamden has a very neatly built city hall, constructed in 1882 at a cost of $2,200. It is a two-story brick. The school-house was built in 1861, at a cost of $2,000. CHURCHES AND SOCIETIES. The Presbyterian Church was built at this village in 1871 and 1872. It is a frame structure and was erected at a cost of $2,400. The church was organized by Rev. Dr. Tenney three or four years previous to the construction of the church edifice. The first Elders were John B. Rayer and William Burten Shaw. The present Elders are Jeremiah Driggs, Bennett R. Paine and W. A. Faulkner. The Sabbath-school, organized soon after the church, has been regularly maintained and is now in a thriving condition. The Disciple Church, of Clinton Township, is a brick structure of good size and was built in 1866, at a cost of $2,000. The society itself was organized in 1846 by Rev. Daniel Parkinson, with the following members: John Yager and wife, Patrick Reed and wife, John Robbins and wife, Mrs. Mary Murdock, Mrs. Mary Rankin, Edward Salts and wife, Mary Salts, Edward Salts, Jr., HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1355 and wife, Levi "Wyman and wife, Stephen Salts and wife and Mrs. Nelson Hoffhine. The first church building was a frame structure on the same site as the present place of worship. It was organized under the auspices [of the old New Light church about 1833. Jonathan Bryan was one of the organizers of this church. The building was burned by an incendiary in 1866. The church is at present in a good condition financially, has a membership of fifty and supports a good Sabbath-school. Services are held once a month. The cemetery adjoining the church is one of the oldest burial sites in the township. The first interred person was Mrs. John Johnson. Mineral Lodge, F. & A. M., was organized Oct. 26, 1854, with the following charter members : D. D. T. Hord, John Arnold, Franklin Redd, James H. Leach and J. M. Keenan. Of these only Mr. Hord is living. The first officers were: John Arnold, W. M.; D. D. T. Hord, S. W.; Franklin Redd, J. W. The lodge has prospered in numbers and brotherly zeal. Hamden Lodge, No. 517, was organized July 17, 1872, with the following charter members: James Yeley, B. W. Kelch, John J. Smith, John U. Ervin, John M. Dye, William S. Heskit, George Caine, James McKinney, John L. Wortman, W. A. Dallas and S. W. Monahan. Dr. Monahan was the first Noble Grand; B. W. Kelch the first Secretary. The lodge is now in good working con- dition and has a membership of twenty-nine. m'aethue junction. The junction of the Cincinnati, Washington & Baltimore, and the Ohio & West Virginia, occurs in the northern part of the township, on section 4, at a point called Dundas. village of dundas. The Junction is about one-fourth mile from the village, and the name of the village is Dundas. ' There is no business done at the Junction, the station, railroad eating house and a saloon being the amount of its business interests. At the village, a quarter of a mile away, are two general stores and one saloon. One of the stores is owned by John R. Stout and the other by Latsler & Win- ters. The land on which Dundas now stands was owned by Stephen Salts. The Postmaster is George Winters. They only have one church denomination, the Catholic, who have a small 1356 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. frame church put up at a cost of some $600. Rev. Father J. J. Slevin is in charge, his home being Zaleski. Dundas has a popu- lation of about 75. EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES. The educational facilities of the township consist of seven com- modious frame school-houses, the last one erected last year (1882) at a cost of $599. In these seats of learning school is taught thirty weeks in the year at a cost in 1882 of $3,516.20. There are in the township 710 children of school age, of which 331 were boys and 329 girls. The school property of Clinton Township is valued at $7,090, and with the exception of the towns of Zaleski and McArthur is the most valuable of any township in the county. POPULATION, VALUATION AND STOCK. The first census of the county, by townships, at hand is that of 1840. Clinton was then a municipal division of Jackson County. The census of that year gave her a population of 824. In 1850 she had been joined to Yinton, but only five tiers of sections were transferred to Yinton instead of a full congressional township. The census that year gave 8S6 as the number, but if she was a full congressional township while a part of Clinton her small increase can be accounted for. The next ten years Clinton nearly doubled her population, the figures being 1,544. In 1870 they were 1,724, and in 1880 a falling off was reported which left her with a popu- lation of 1,608. Since then, however, she has recovered from her stagnation and is once more advancing. In the assessed valuation of personal property, as returned by the assessor June 1, 1883, Clinton Township ranks second in wealth in that department of assessed values in the county, only being exceeded by Elk. The returns were to the amount of $148,- 010. Her stock report was made at the same time, and the fol- lowing are the returns and valuation: Horses, 196, valued at $8,842; cattle, 1,419, valued at $25,030; sheep, 3,135, valued at $6,710; hogs, 531, valued at $2,150. BIOGRAPHICAL — WILKESVILLE. James Barnes, farmer, was born Nov. 1, 1829, in Columbiana County, Penn. He came to what is now Gallia County, Ohio, in 1848, where he remained a short time, when he came to where he now resides in 1858. He has between 700 and 800 acres of good HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1357 land and a residence, on section 14, Wilkesville Township. He was married Sept. 3, 1857, to Cynthia Curry, born in Vinton County, Dec. 31, 1831. They have four living children — Mary, Alice, John Curry and George. Mrs. Barnes's father was born in Greenbrier County in 1803, and died 1882. Her mother was born in Pennsylvania in 1805, and is still living. They were the parents of nine children, seven of whom are living, Mrs. Barnes being the third child. Dr. H. H. Bishop was born April 1, 1818, in Harrison County, Ohio, where he lived till he was twenty-four years of age. At the age of twenty he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. Jacob Hannon, and at twenty-four commencsd to practice. After prac- ticing four years he graduated at the Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, and in 1864 graduated at the Nashville, Tenn., Medical College. The same *year he returned to Ohio, where he has since been engaged in the practice of his profession. In 1863 he was appointed Assistant Surgeon in the One Hundred and Tenth Ohio Infantry, but failing to be mustered in he went in acting as Assistant Surgeon in Hospital No. 2, first at Louisville, Ky., and later at Nashville, where he graduated a second time. He left there March 16, 1865, and returned to his home in Wilkesville Township, where he has 111 acres of good land, well improved. He was married Jan. 31, 1S41, to Mary Ann Cutehall, who was born in Harrison County, Ohio, July 7, 1819. They have been blessed with four children — John C, born Feb. 18, 1843; Naomi C, May 19, 1846; Mary, July 2, 1848; Fannie L., Dec. 28, 1S60. Jennie Curry is a native of Yinton County, Ohio, where she was reared and educated. Her father, John Curry, was born in Green- brier County, Va., May 1, 1803, and came to Ohio when quite young. He owned the mill, now known as the Wells Mill, in Wilkesville Township. It was first built by Mathias Croy, the grandfather of our subject. Her father sold the mill in 1858, and moved to the farm, where he died April 6, 1882. The farm con- tains 320 acres of good land and a residence on traction 36, Wilkes- ville Township. John Curry was married about 1824, to Mary Croy, born in Wheeling, W. Va., in February, 1S05. They were the parents of nine children, seven of whom are still living — Mathias, Cynthia, Mary, Susan, George,' Nannie and Jennie, our subject. Mrs. Curry, Nannie and Jennie are members of the United Brethren church. 1358 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Joseph L. Devault, farmer, a native of Harrison County, Ohio, was born March 8, 1837. At the age of twelve years he came to Vinton County where he has since made his home. When thir- teen years old he commenced to learn the carpenter's trade at which he has been engaged more or less since 1878, since which he has fol- lowed farming and makes the raising of fine sheep a specialty. He has a fine farm of 257 acres on fraction 24, Wilkesville Township, lie enlisted in the war of the Rebellion in July, 1862, in Company B, Ninetieth Ohio Infantry, and participated in the battles of Per- ry ville and Stone River, Tenn., after which he was placed in the Pioneer Corps, and served with the Engineer Corps at the close of the war. He was mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., when he re- turned to his home in Vinton County. June 3, 1867, he was mar- ried to Eveline S. Hawk, born in Vinton County in 1846. She died in October, 1882. They were, the parents of six children — Ulysses, Lizzie, John, Homer, Flora and Frank. He was married a second time on April 18, 1883, to Anna Morrison, born in Gallia County, Ohio, April 22, 1838. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and Mr. Devault belongs to the Presbyterian church. Dr. George K. Ewing was born in Gallia County, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1858, and lived in that county till 1879 when he went to Wilkes- ville, QoH*tty. In 1877 he commenced the study of medicine and attended the Ohio Medical College in 1878-'79, and in the same year, 1879, commenced the practice of his profession. In 1882 he went to Baltimore, Md., and graduated there at the College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons. He was married Dec. 24, 1879, to Elizabeth Jones, born in Meigs County, March 8, 1862, and daughter of W. T. Jones, of Meigs County. They have one child living named Edgar L., born March 5, 1S82. The Doctor and his wife are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. W. W. ^Fierce is a native of Athens County, Ohio, born Jan. 28, 1840. He received his literary education at Valparaiso College, Indiana. He left the college in 1862, and Aug. 9 of the same year he enlisted for three years in Company H, Eighty-seventh Indiana Infantry. He participated in the battles of Perryville, Hoover's Gap, Tullahoma and Chickamauga, and all the skirmishes on to Tullahoma, Tenn. During the war he contracted rheumatism ot the heart and was obliged to leave the service. He was finally dis- charged at Louisville, Ky. He then returned home and a year later commenced the study of medicine. He took one course of lectures HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLE7. 1359 at the University in Michigan in 1865, and graduated in medicine and surgery from the Cincinnati Medical College, after which he practiced his profession in Bloomfield, Iowa, lor three years. In 1874 he came to Wilkesville where he has practiced most of the time since then. Jan. 16, 1868, he was married to M. Josephine Bishop, a native of Wilkesville, Ohio, born July 1^-1^50. They have one child — Manila M., born Jan. 11, 1871. Mr. and Mrs. Fierce are members the Presbyterian church. lie is a member of the Odd Fellows Lodge, No. 23, at Bloomfield, and is Commander of the Grand Army ol the Republic, Fearing Post, No. 179. Edward Fletcher was born Jan. 22, 1826, in Pennsylvania. He left his native State in 1839, and came to Athens County, Ohio, with his father, where he lived on a farm for three years. The fol- lowing five years he was engaged in farming in Lee Township, near Albany. He then moved to Wijkesville Township, Yinton County, then Gallia County, living on section 4 for seven years. In 1855 he moved to his present farm, situated on section 10, Wilkes ville Township, Vinton County, where he has 298£ acres of good land. May 20, 18-18, he was married to Malinda Liston, born in Jefferson County, Ohio, Feb. 11, 1821. They have had five children— Will- iam E., born May 30, 1819; Thomas, born Dec. 8, 1850, and died Sept. 6, 1882; Elmer H., born Aug. 3, 1852; George W., May 12, 1854; John J., Feb. 28, 1856. Mr. Fletcher and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. His parents, Edward and Dor- othea Fletcher, were natives of Ireland. They came to America and settled in Wilkesville Township, Ohio, where they died. They had ten children, onr subject being the fourth child. Ebenezer Liston, the father of Mrs. Fletcher, was born in the State of Dela- ware in 1777 and died in 1852. Her mother, Mary Frazy, was born in New Jersey in 1787 and died in 1868. Mrs. Fletcher was the ninth child of a family of fifteen children. Thomas Fletcher was born in Greene County, Penn., Feb. 18, 1S32, but left there with his father at the age of four years, for Al- exander County. After living there three years he went to Lee Town- ship, New Albany, and remained for five or six years. His next move was to Wilkesville Township, Gallia County, now Vinton County, where he has resided since 1845. He has 182 acres of well-cultivated land and makes stock-raising a specialty. His res- idence is on section 11. He was married Aug. 29, 1858, to Nar- cissa Filkil, born in Morgan County, Ohio, Nov. 8, 1835. He and wife are members of the Presbyterian church. Edward Fletcher, 1360 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. father of Thomas, was a native of Ireland, being born JSTov. 17, 1781. He died April 17, 1868. The mother of Thomas was Dorothea Fletcher, also born in Ireland, April, 1797. Her death occurred in 1857. They were the parents of ten children, six of whom are living — Mary, Eliza, Edward, Isabella, Thomas and Sarah. Perrin Gardner, M. D., was born May 11, 1828, in Gallia County, Ohio, where he attended a country school until 1845 and in the winter of 1845-'46 he taught school. He then went to Gallipolis, Ohio, where he remained till 1849 and engaged as a school-teacher during the winters. In the winter of 1849-'50 he entered the Starling Medical College at Columbus, Ohio, grad- uating in 1851. He then practiced in Gallia County until the fall of 1853, when he came to Wilkesville and established a drug and general dry-goods store with Dr. Cline. In the fall of 1855 he returned to Starling Medical College remaining there during the sessions of 1855-'56, when he located at Gallipolis and en- gaged in the practice of medicine, remaining till October, 1860, when he removed to Cheshire where he lived till July 19, 1862. He was commissioned Assistant Surgeon, First Virginia Cav- alry. He was in the second battle of Bull Run, "August, 1862, and all the intermediate engagements till December of the same year when the battle of Fredericksburg was fought, after which he was granted leave of absence on account of ill health. On his return in April, 1863, he was appointed acting Assistant Sur- geon at Fairfax Court-house, where he had exclusive control of em- balming the officers and soldiers, which he did by a method of his own which has always given satisfaction wherever employed. July 1, 1863, he was assigned the charge of the hospital at Hanover, Pa., where he remained until Aug. 14, 1863, when he was released from hospital duty and reported to his command under General Kilpat- rick, remaining on duty with his regiment till Dec. 11. The regi- ment was then ordered to Wheeling Island, W. Va., to reorganize and recruit as a veteran regiment. During the summer of 1864 he accompanied General W. W. Aurill in his famous campaign through the mountains of West Virginia, acting as Surgeon and chief of division hospitals until the reorganization of the cavalry corps. He was assigned to the staff of General Custer and accompanied the command of General Custer until they reached Washington City, and was present at the grand review of the army of the Poto- mac, May 24, 1865. On June 16 following, his division was sent to Wheeling Island, W. Va., where they were mustered out of ser- HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1361 vice and discharged July 8, 1865, when he returned to his home in Pine Grove, Ohio, in a state of broken-down health. He then re- sumed his practice, devoting himself almost entirely to operative surgery. In April, 1879, he resumed business with Dr. Oline at Wilkesville with whom he remained till March, 1883, when he re- opened his present office in Gallipolis, March 15, 1856. Mr. Gard- ner was married to Louzette Walker, a native of New York State. He is a member of Fearing Post, No. 79, G. A. R. He was a del" egate to the Encampment at Cincinnati in 1882. Charles E. Hawk, undertaker, a native of Vinton Count} 7- , was born Oct. 20, 1839. He has always been a resident of the county. He lived on a farm till he was twenty-one years old when he learned the carpenter's trade which he has followed more or less ever since. He, in company with Mr. H. B. Strong, commenced his present business in 1879. Feb. 22, 1864, he enlisted in Company C, Third Ohio Infantry, and served till June 13, 1865, when he was mus- tered out at Gallipolis, Ohio. He then returned home, since when he has been engaged in his present business. He was married Sept. 13, 1860, to Christine Barger, a native of Harrison County, Ohio. They have been blessed with seven children — Arminda, Yiola F., Orestus G., Docia, Emerson M., Michael and Jennie M. Mr. Hawk and wife are members of the Presbyterian church, as are also the three eldest children. He is a member of the G. A. R. Fletcher Hawk, teacher, is a native of Wilkesville Township, Yinton County. He received his education in the township, and at the age of seventeen years commenced teaching, which he fol- lowed witii success for a number of terms. He has been a corre- spondent for the Hamden Enterprise for the past three years, and Dec. 4, 1882, was appointed to fill the vacancy of Village Clerk, caused by the removal of W. H. Lucas. This expired May 3, 1883. Mr. Hawk is a strong advocate of the Temperance cause. He in- tends for the future to follow the profession of school-teaching. Jonah Hawk, his father, was born in this township about 1826, and has followed farming and still resides on the place where he was born. Matilda Hawk, mother of our subject, was born in Ireland about the year 1826. They had three children, viz.: Fletcher (our subject), born April 8, 1857; Dora, born Sept. 28, 1860, and Ella, born Aug. 26, 1866. 86 1362 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. J. II. JR. Hawk, farmer, was born in Gallia (now Vinton) County, Ohio, Nov. 5, 1826, and is living at present in his native place, where he has 287 acres of good land on section 5, Wilkesville Township. He was educated in the county and learned the car- penter's trade, at which he worked three years, but not agreeing with him he <|iiit it and followed farming. He was married March 9, 1856, to Matilda Fletcher, a native of Ireland, who died May 25, 1875. They were blessed with three children — Fletcher, Dora and Ella. He enlisted Feb. 7, 1874, in Company D, One Hundred and Ninety-fourth Ohio Infantry, and served nine months. He was dis- charged at the end of the war. He was married a second time, Jan. 22, 1879, to Mrs. MaryBowen,a native of Meigs County ,Ohio, born Aug. 5, 1842. They have one child— Morato, born Feb. 13, 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Hawk are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Thirty-three of his relatives served in the late war at the same time. His grandfather, Isaac Hawk, a native of England, deserted the English army and came to America and fought in the Revolutionary war. lie lived to be 115 years old; was buried in Greenbrier County, W. Va. His wife was also a native of Eng- land, where she remained till after the Revolutionary war when she joined her husband in America. She died at the advanced age of 117 and was buried in the same graveyard. Oscar F. Hawk, a native of Wilkesville Township, Yinton Co., Ohio, was born Feb. 22, 1847. He was educated in a common dis- trict school, and attended college a short time in Athens. In the late war he enlisted in the One Hundred and Forty-eighth Regi- ^ment of the Ohio National Guards, and served four and a half months. He re-enlisted March 6, 1864, in Company D, One Hun- dred and Ninety-fourth Ohio Regiment, and served nine months. Since his return home he has been engaged in farming and burn- ing charcoal. He has also been engaged in the saw-milling busi- ness, and at the present time owns a share in a saw-mill. At pres- ent he is making a specialty of raising sheep. He was married Feb. 21, 1869, to Mary E. Miller, born in Wilkesville Township, Vinton County, Aug. 25, 1850. Their children are — Edgar, born Dec. 24, 1870; Lucella, Dec. 6, 1872; Mittie C, March 27, 1875; Maud, Sept. 10, 1877; Marion, April 10, 1880. Mr. Hawk has 450 acres of good land and a residence on section 30, Wilkesville Township. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1363 Daniel Lawler, farmer, was born in Ireland, Aug. 26, 1814. He came to America, May 21, 1810, landing at New Fork, and remained in the State two years. Oct. 16, 1842, he went to Pittsburg, Penn., staying in that place till 1853, when he came to Ohio and settled on his present farm on section 34, Wilkesville Township, Vinton County, where he has 160 acres of land. He has also seventy acres in Jackson County. He was married Sept. 25, 1845, in Pittsburg, to Ellen Shearlock, a native of Scotland. They have eight chil- dren living — John L., James T., Mary E., Ellen M., Francis P., Michael S., Edward S. and Catherine B. Mr. Lawler and family are members of the Catholic church. Michael Mc Clary, farmer and stock-raiser, was born in County Down, Ireland, in 1818. He came to America in 1837, and landed at Philadelphia, where he remained one year, when he went to Pittsburg, Penn., remaining there for thirteen years. He then came to Ohio and settled in Wilkesville, Vinton County, where he lived four years, after which he lived at Buckeye Furnace, Jackson County, five years. In 1860 he came to his present farm on section 19, Milton Township, Jackson Co., Ohio, where he has 250 acres of land. He has also eighty-three acres near Buckeye Furnace, eighty on section 35, Wilkesville Township, Vinton County, and 200 acres in Shelby County, III. His land contains coal, iron and limestone in large quantities, and is well improved. He had a large two-story frame building erected in 1876. His farm in Illi- nois and part of his Ohio land is for sale. Any one wishing to purchase may call on or address Michael McOlary, Hawks P. O., Ohio. He was married in 1848 to Alice Harman, a native of Cam bria County, Pa. They have had four children — Mary, Patrick, Margaret and John H. Mr. McClary is a member of the Catholic church. Lorenzo D. Phillips was born about 1828, in Jackson County, Ohio, now a part of Vinton County. When twelve years of age he moved to St. Joe County, Ind., and at the end of two years re- turned to Ohio. He lived in Jackson County till 1881, when he moved to his present farm on section 11, Vinton Township. He has 185 acres of good land, which is worth $5,000. He was married to Susan Martin Oct. 15, 1845. She was born in Jackson County, and died in 1877- They were blessed with eleven children — Mary, Delila, Harvey, Eliza, Becca, Isaac, John, Samira, George, Mag and Sherman. Mr. Phillips has been a member of the United Brethren church for twenty-nine years. 1364 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. J. II. Reisinger, wagon-maker, a native of Ohio, was born in Columbiana County, April 30, 1829. At the age of ten years he left his native place and came to Gallia County, living there till 1871. He then moved to Pike County, lived there live years when he went to Gallia, staying till 1878. He next moved to Wilkesville, Vinton County, where lie still resides, engaged in the manufacture of wagons and buggies. On Jan. 16, 1851, he was married to Helena Bord, who was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, Sept. 27, 1827. They have been blessed with nine children whose names are — Sarah E., Lydia M., Henry A., Thomas M., John C, George S., Luther D., Lucinda E. and William J. Mr. Reisinger is a member of the Christian church. His father, Peter Reisinger, a native of Pennsylvania, died in 1851. His mother, Barbara (Shaner) Reisinger, was also a native of Pennsylvania. She died April, 1848. They had thirteen children, eleven of whom are living. Almond Soule, born in Kennebeck County, Maine, Nov. 19, 1799. In 1817 he left his native place with his father and came to Marietta, Ohio. From 1820 to 1837 he lived in Meigs County, Ohio. In 183S he moved to Wilkesville, and in 1851 he left for Jack- son County, where he was engaged in manufacturing pig iron. He returned to Wilkesville in 1861, since when he has been engaged principally in farming. lie was married in 1819 to Dollie McClure, born in Maine in 1799. She died Feb. 11, 1881. There have been nine children sent to bless this union, only two of whom are living — Susan, born March 5, 1823, married to George Watson; Hazen Emerson, born April 25, 1841. Mr. Soule has held the office of County Commissioner several terms. He has rep- resented the county in the State Legislature in 1870-'7l. Margaret A. Steel, born Dec. 30, 1828, in Mercer County, Penn., and June 3, 1847, she was married to John Steel. March 28, 1850, they moved to Ohio and settled in the place where she has since resided with the exception of two years. She has a farm of 170 acres and a residence on section 8, Wilkesville Township. This union was blessed with six children, three of whom are living —William A., born March 4, 1848; George M., Jan. 2, 1858; Ru- fusP., June 22, 1861. Mr. Steel died June 30, 1864. Mrs. Steel is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. II er son George is living on the farm with his mother. He was married to Emily Tannehill, a native of Gallia County, born April 29, 1861. They have two children — Dora May, born May 29, 1881, and George, HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1365 Oct. 18, 1882. Mrs. George Steel is a member of the Christian church. Thomas Allen, the father of our subject, a native of Pennsylvania, died in his native State in 1874. Her mother, Sarah (Dundy) Allen, was also a native of Pennsylvania. She died May 24, 1874. They had eight children, our subject being the second child. Joseph Strausbaugh, farmer, a native of Harrison County, Ohio, was born March 22, 1819. He lived there till 1849 and followed farming, after which he came to Wilkesville Township and settled on section 12, where he lived till 1870. He then moved to his present farm on section 6, which contains sixty six acres of well- improved land. He was married Feb. 28, 1845, to Rebecca De- vault, born in Harrison County, Ohio, June 24, 1828. They have seven children — Caroline, Ephraim, Almond, Rachel, Hiram, Syl- vester and Emma J. Mr. Strausbaugh and wife and three of their children are members of the Presbyterian church at Wilkesville. Mary Strausbaugh, a native of Vinton County, Ohio, was born March 30, 1844. She was married Oct. 6, 1869, to Valentine Strausbaugh, born in Adams County, Penn., May 30, 1807. They were the parents of two children — Ellsworth, born Sept. 12, 1870, and died Nov. 30, 1870 ; James V., April 25, 1879. Mr. Strausbaugh died Nov. 13, 1881. James McGaughlin, the father of our subject, was born in Harrison County, Va., Nov. 20, 1816, and died Dec. 30, 1873. Her mother, Delilah Gregory, was born in Greenbrier County, Va., Nov. 23, 1818, and died June 20, 1877. They had seven children, our subject being the third child. Peter Strausbaugh, farmer, was born Feb. 7, 1806, in Adams County, Penn. He came to Harrison County, Ohio, in 1816, where he lived till 1846 when he moved to what is now Vinton County, then a part of Gallia County. In 1860 he settled on his present farm on section 6, Wilkesville Township, Vinton County, where he has 173 acres of land under a good state of cultivation. He was married to Elizabeth Devault in 1847, born Dec. 29, 1822. They have been blessed, with a family of eight children, six of whom are living — Lydia, Nancy J., Peter, Sophia, Lafayette and Rebecca. Mr. Strausbaugh was previously married in 1833 to Sophia Grimm, who died in 1845. By this marriage there were five children — Abraham, Sarah A., Melinda, Catherine and Esther. He was formerly a member of the Lutheran church, but there being no organization of that society he attached himself to the Presby- terian church, his wife being a member of that church. His son, 1366 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Abraham, enlisted in the One Plundred and Fourteenth Regiment Ohio Infantry, and died in the hospital at Memphis, Tenn. John Strong was born June 11, 1821, in Meigs County, Ohio, and in 1853 came to the town of Wilkes ville, where he still resides. He commenced the study of law in 1841, attended school at Ober- lin, Ohio, and in 1848 was admitted to the bar of Athens, Ohio, and followed his profession in the counties of Athens, Vinton and Gallia until 1862. He was married September, 1846, to Miss Ellen Edmundson, born in Gallia County, March 14, 1825. They have two children, viz.: Phineas, born June 3, 1847, and Flora E., born June 12, 1849, now the wife of Theodore Fluhart, of Jackson County, Ohio. Daniel Strong, father of the subject of this sketch, was born in Maine, Sept. 6, 1780, and died in Meigs County, May 4, 1866. Our subject's mother, Prudence (Wells) Strong, was born in Canada in 1789 and died in Meigs County in 1869, at the age of eighty years. They were the parents of eight children, viz.: Polly, Harriet, Rufus, Prudence, Daniel, John (our subject), Newton and i^ngustus. Mr. Edmundson, the father of Mrs. John Strong, was born in Greenbrier, W. Va., in 1802, and departed this life in 1831. Her mother, Emily (Lewis) Edmundson, was born in New York in 1804 and died in 1878. They had five children, viz.: Mary, Ellen, William, Matthew and James. Phineas, son of our sub- ject, was married to Anna, daughter of Dr. Strong, of McArthur. They have three children — Karl, Pearl and Max. He served his country in the late war, after which he engaged in the drug and mercantile business in Wilkesville. Mrs. Caroline (Oa? r r) Tucker was born in Vinton County, Ohio, Nov. 16, 1831. At the age of twenty-two she was married to Dr. John Boyd, a native of Ohio. They were the parents of one child — J. E., born July 11, 1855, now the wife of Prof. John M. Daviess, of Rio Grande, Gallia Co., Ohio. Mr. Boyd died May 22, 1855, and Dec. 25, 1879, she was married to Josephus Tucker, who died May 9, 1882. Mrs. Tucker has lived most of the time in Wilkesville. She has carried on the millinery business for twenty years, four years of the time in Middleport, Meigs Co., Ohio. Her mother and an aunt reside with her in Wilkesville. Her mother was born in Greenbrier County, Va., July 4, 1804. She was married in 1826 to Cornelius Carr, born in Middletown, Conn., Nov. 3, 1801. He died Sept. 6, 1877. They had six children— M. P., Caroline S., John, Salina and Angeline. Mrs. Tucker and her mother are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. HISTOBV OF HOCKING VALLEY. J3g 7 £. K mils, miller and carpenter, was born in Vinton Conntv Ohio. Sept. 11, 1848. He has always resided in the county wfh n Wilkesville Township and commenced the carpenter's trade with h.s father, with whom he worked most of his life, his father big a carpenter. He was married in 1875 to Jennie McOlnre bo™ m Jackson Conntv, Ohio, April 19, 1844, where she lived 11 he marriage in 1875. They have two children living-Mary L born of Mrs W ll "■" JeWe "' Jl " y 15 ' 188 °- J ° h " ^McOlm-e ,a er of Mrs. Wells, ,s a native of Muskingum Connty, Ohio. He died S R i r'v 1 ™ 0the '' T cl,ed '" 18 60, and she was adopted by H M H U ", y X WllS ° n ' JaCk80n ° J ' OMo - She is » ™«"ber oi- the Methodist Episcopal chnrch. Onr subject's father, Agrippa Wells was , in Wilt me TownsMp] v . nton 0o 6h . ; Wa WclU ZLtnWnr -n ee m ' ''i deHt 0t ' the a0 ' mt >'- His moti 'er ™ boin m W lkemlle Township about 1827. Thev were the parents of hve children, three still living-Harvey, B.E.and Mary P E. is engaged with his father in running a saw and grist-n ill on section 14, Wilkesville Township, known as Wells Hi", 3 Tsaf ^ Umms ' a DatiTC of Mei S* County,Ohio, was born Oct. farm tni ■ ™ ^ in '" 8 " 8tive P lace and ™'' k ^ on a CW nt "" , e ' S ee " year8 ° f a " 6 ' wllea he we » t t° Mercer M ««', i ' , J co,nme " ced "»o blacksmith's trade. On April ,t c WL-f '," th ° '" te War Servill « ra03t of "'o time till 20 1864 1 T" e ,™ ak , i " S a CharSe 0D Kennesaw Mou ntain, June W t f' n !r '^ ' eg ' and h ' tl,is accident be was in the hospital till May 10, 1865, when he was discharged. The follow! >ng year April 2,5, he was married to Miss Charlotte G Ranee, born ,„ New Fork City, March, 1838. Their children are-Em J, born June 24, 1S67, and John L., born June 6, 1878 Mr Will >ams was appointed Postmaster, March 19, 1867, under President Johnson s admimstration,and has served in that capacity eversince besides having a grocery and notion store. He is a member of the Orand Army, and ,s Adjutant of Kearney Post. VINTON. l«f a ArhaU ^ a native of Vinton County, was born Oct. 27, 184o, and was reared and educated in his native county. He has alarm oi hfty-six acres of good land on section 16, Vinton Town- sh.p. March 17, 1868, he married Caroline Gregory native of Meigs Connty,Ohio, born Oct. 27, 1849. They wereWessed with the 1368 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. following children — William, John, Mary and Pinkney. She died April 17, 1880, and he again married Sept. 6, 1881, Rachel Gregory born in Vinton County, June 26, 1848. They have one child — Pearl. Mr. Arbaugh was elected Justice of the Peace, in April, 1879, and still holds that office by re-election. He has held the office of Township Assessor two terms and has also been Town- ship Trustee two terms. John Blore, born Sept. 3,1841, in Harrison County, Va., where he lived till he was sixteen years old. In 1857 he came to Ohio and settled in Vinton County, where he has since resided. He now owns 290 acres of good land and a residence on section 13, Vinton Township. April 4, 1867, he was married to Isabell Trainer, born in Meigs County, Ohio, March 27, 1842. Their children are — Leslie, born Jan. 7, 1870, and John, Dec. 17, 1879. Mr. Blore is a member of the Freemason Lodge, No. 275, Wilkesville, Ohio. His father, Jonathan Blore, was born in England, Feb. 14, 1790, and died in April, 1874. His mother, Catherine (Domony) Blore, was born May 1, 1800, in Brooklyn, K. Y., and died Oct. 10, 1871. Seven children were born to them, John being the youngest child. John Booth, farmer, a native of Randolph, Va. , born Feb. 21, 1804. He left his native place in 1831 and came to Ohio, where he settled on section 19, in what is now Vinton County. Here he remained till 1833, when he settled on his present homestead on fraction 25, in ^Vinton Township. He was married March 2, 1828, in Virginia, to Elizabeth Radcliff, a native of Harrison County, Va., born May 15, 1805. They have six children — Jonathan, Houston, William, Stephen, Daniel and Jasper. Mr. Booth has 260 acres of well-improved land which is farmed by his son William. L. W. Calvin, merchant and farmer, was born in Vinton County, Ohio, April 7, 1856. He was educated at Wilkesville Academy, and at the age of eighteen he commenced teaching school, follow- ing teaching during the winter months and in summers engaged in tanning, and when twenty-three years old he was married to Almyra Kincade, April 20, 1879. She was born in Noble County, Ohio, July 6, 1854. Their children are — John P., born April 13, L880, and Carl W, Dec. 25, 1882. Mr. Calvin came to Radcliff in 1S80, and built the first house in the town. He then commenced merchandising and closed his business in April, 1883. John P., the son of Mr. Calvin, was the first child born in the place. James Downard, farmer, was born in Jackson County, Ohio, Oct. 30, 1845, where he lived until Oct. 25, 1881, when he came to Vinton Township, Vinton Co., Ohio, and bought 363 acres of good HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1369 land. Since coming here he lias built a fine two-story frame dwell- ing. He was married in July, 1.871, to Mary Simms, born in Athens County, Ohio, May 23, 1848. They are the parents of four chil- dren—Anna, born Oct. 1, 1872; Electa, Feb. 2, 1875; Samuel, Oct. 19, 1877; Frank, March 5, 1881. Our subject's father, Samuel Downard, is a native of Ohio, born in 1818. He still resides in Jackson County. His mother was born in 1816, near Hamden, Ohio, and is still living. They were blessed with five children — Eliza, James, Mahala, Armeda, Abraham. Elias and Sarah (Nor- ris) Simms, parents of Mrs. Downard, were natives of Ohio. They died when she was quite young. Their children were — Elias, Frank, and Mary. Samuel J. Jefers, a native of Carthage Township, Athens Co., Ohio, born March 27, 1840,. He lived there till he reached his majority, when he enlisted in Company B, Fifty-third Ohio In- fantry, October, 1861, serving three years, during which time he participated in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth and Holly Springs, Miss. He was taken sick in April, 1863, with abscess of the lunge, and was in the hospital in the convalescent corps for one year and the remainder of the time was in the invalid corps at Washington. October, 1864, he was discharged, after which he came home and farmed and went to school for two years. He was married May 0, 1866, to Elizabeth S. Shield, of Meigs County, Ohio. She was born May 4, 1846. They have three children living — Myrta, born Dec. 21, 1868; Arthur P., March 8, 1878; Delmont, Aug. 26, 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Jeffers are members of the Christian church. He moved to Orange Township, Meigs Co., Ohio, in the fall of 1866 and engaged in saw and grist milling. In 1S75 he came to Yinton Township wi ere he has since been engaged in farming and stock- raising, lie resides on section 17, Yinton Township, and owns a farm of 294 acres. He was elected one or the directors of the County Infirmary of Yinton County. John Murray, farmer, was born in Virginia, Jan. 13, 1830. He came to Ohio in 1847, and about 1855 settled on his present resi- dence on section 16, Yinton Township, having sixty acres of good land. He enlisted in the 100 days' service in the I^ighteenth Ohio Regiment in the late war, and after the expiration of that time he was employed as teamster for the Government fur two years. In 1860 Yinton Township was visited by a tornado which demolished his house, and at the same time Mrs. Murray was struck in the forehead by something flying through the air, leaving a scar 1370 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. to this day. He was married April 25, 1864, to Susan E. Burns, a iiative of Greene County, Va., born March 22, 1843. She is a mm mber of the United Brethren church. S. J. Norton, merchant, Radcliff, Ohio, was born in Livingston ( lounty, N. Y ., Nov. 21, 1820. He left his native town when five years old and came to Portage County, Ohio, where he lived till he was eighteen years of age. In 1839 he came to Vinton County, Ohio, where he has lived the most of the time since. He was married at McArthur, Aug. 3, 1841, to Catherine Cottrell, born in Virginia, Dec. 9, 1824. They were blessed with seven children — Mary, Alice, Cyrus, Catherine, Florence, Del, Elias. His wife died in February, 1878, and he was again married in February, 1879, to Ann Markon, who has borne him two children — Perry and Seth. Mr. Norton commenced his present mercantile business in Had cliff in September, 1881. He was appointed Postmaster in October, 1881, and is still acting Postmaster at Radcliff. He has been a member of the order of Freemasons since 1850 and belongs to the chapter. James Pierce, farmer, was born in Vinton Township, Vinton Co., Ohio, then Athens County, Feb. 9, 1821. His father, William Pierce, was born in Montgomery County, Va., in 1787, and died in Vinton County, Ohio, Feb. 28, 1870. His mother was also a native of Montgomery County, born in 1791. She died in Vinton County, on the old homestead, July 12, 1874. They were the parents of nine boys and five girls, our subject being the seventh child. He was married May 17, 1849, to Mahahi Phillips. They have five children — Daniel II., Mathias, Thurman A., William and Mary J. Mr. Pierce and wife are members of the United Brethren church. He owns 176 acres of good land on fraction 31. He has held the office of Township Treasurer for nineteen successive years, and Township Trustee several terms, and has also been Trustee of school and ministerial lands. Arthur P. Vale, merchant and farmer, was born in Pomeroy, Meigs Co., Ohio, Sept. 27, 1847. His parents moved to a farm near Wilkesville where they lived four years, when they came to Vinton Township, Vinton County, where his father bought the site and built a grist-mill, known as Vale's Mills. He now resides on section 5, where he owns eighty-nine acres of good land. He has been engaged in the general dry-goods and grocery trade for nineteen years. He was married Oct. 5, 1875, to Nancy Trainer, born in Meigs County, Ohio, March 10, 1849. They have been HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1371 blessed with one child— Frank T., born Aug. 16, 1878. Mr. Vale was instrumental in having the postoffice at Vale's Mills estab- lished and has served as Postmaster there since 1878. His great- grandfather, William Parker, came from Pennsylvania to Meigs County, and settled on what is now known as Parker's Run, where he died. His grandfather on his father's side, James Vale, a native of Pennsylvania, came to Ohio in 1818. His father, Samuel Vale, died in Ohio, July 17, 1876. The Vale family came from England with William Perm's second colony. J. Q. A. Vale, miller, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, March 9, 1851, where he lived till 1876, with the exception of live years spent in Minnesota. He came to Vinton County and took charge of the saw and grist mill, known as Vale's Mill, May 1, 1876, in which he still continues. He has 100 acres of land in Meigs County and four acres where his mill stands, in Vinton Township. Nov. 20, 1873, he was married to Lutie Phette'place, .born in Meigs County, March 25, 1852. They have one child — Mamie E., bom April 7, 1876. Mr. and Mrs. Vale have been members of the Laurel Grange, No. 1,030, Meigs County, since 1874. He is a member of the Orphan's Friend Lodge of Freemasons, No. 275, and is also a member of the chapter. He has held the office of Township Treasurer of Vinton Township, two years. CLINTON. Son. Thomas M. Bay, farmer and stock-raiser, was born July 5, 1820, in Guernsey County, Ohio. His early life was principally spent on the farm, and he obtained only such education as the sub- scription schools afforded. In the fall of 1852 he located in Vinton County on his present place of residence, where he is engaged in farming and stock-raising. Altogether he owns 900 acres of land, the home farm consisting of 483 acres. In 1849 he married Rachel, daughter of John and Lucinda (Graham) Buskirk. Mrs. Bay is a native of Ohio. Five children have been sent to bless this union — Irenus W., Josephine, Frank H., Sanford H. and Cora. He was elected in 1861 and served one term on the Board of Commissioners. He was elected Representative in 1871 on the Republican ticket, and in 1873 re-elected to the same office. His parents, Robert and Phoeba (Lindley) Bay, were natives of Pennsylvania, and he was the second white child born in Washington County. His father, Thomas Bay, was of Irish descent and served in the war of the Rev- olution. Ziba Lindley, father of Phoeba, was of Scotch descent, and 1372 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. his wife of French origin. Robert Bay served in the war of 1812 as a Colonel under General William H. Harrison, and after its close located in Guernsey County, Ohio, where he lived till 1852. He then removed to Vinton County, locating nearZaleski, where he died in 1855 aged seventy-seven years. He was the father of seven children — Harrison, Eliza, Lindley, Cynthia, Thomas M., Irenus and Ann. His wife died when our subject was a child. A. A. Cozzens, proprietor Hamden Fleming Mill. This mill was built in 1859 by E. W". Rover. It contains two run of burrs and is fitted up with modern machinery throughout, and has a manufacturing capacitj^ of twenty-five barrels per day. In 1874 Mr. Cozzens bought out the former proprietors and immediately afterward put in the new machinery, and at present is sole pro- prietor. He was born in Buffalo, N. Y., in 1830. He was reared in the mill, and in 1855 came to Vinton County and took control of a mill at McArthur. He is a thorough and intelligent miller in every respect. He is one of the Infirmary Directors of the county, having been elected first in 1877 and re-elected in 1881. In 1858 he was married to Mandana W. Pierce, by whom he had four children — Allie, Mary, William and Maggie. Mrs. C. died in 1879. He is an acceptable and worthy member of the order of Masonry, and holds membership in the McArthur Lodge. S. F. Cramer, harness-maker, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1832, and is a son of William and Drusilla ^Clarey) Cra- mer. His father was born in Germany and came to America in 1806. His mother was a native of Maryland. They were married in Muskingum County, and settled one and a half mile west of McArthur in 1840, on a farm of eighty acres. Here they lived ten years, losing their farm on account of a defective title. They were the parents of ten children, three of whom are living in Vinton County — Margaret, wife of Voss Hoffhines; Drusilla, wife of Rich- ard Craig, Surveyor, of Vinton County, and S. F. Mr. Cramer died in December, 1868, aged eighty-four years. Mrs. Cramer died in 1873, aged sixty-three years. Our subject was eight years old when his parents located in this county. He began learning the harness-making trade at McArthur in 1848, and in 1851 located at Hamden Junction, where he carried on his trade till 1857, when he moved away, and returned in 1863. He was elected Justice of the Peace in 1878, and was re-elected in 1881; was elected Mayor of the town of Hamden Junction in 186S, and is now serving his third term. He is a member of Mineral Lodge, A. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1373 F. & A. M. He was married in 1854 to Theresa Grimes. They have six children — Hattie (wife of Charles Denig), Edgar, Allie (wife of Gus Gossraan), Frank, Anna and Grace. Mrs. Cramer died in September, 1875, aged thirty-eight years. John Guard, farmer, was born in Fayette County, Pa., March 6, 1829. He was reared in his native State, and in 1840 went to Ken- tucky, and in 1841 came to Lawrence County, Ohio, where he lived till 1858, when he came to Vinton County and resided till 1861, engaged in the furnace business. He then returned to Lawrence County, and resided there until 1874, when he returned to his present place of residence. He has been twice married, first to Elizabeth Hale, of Jackson, who died in 1858. His second wife was Louisa, daughter of Joseph McKinness, a pioneer of Yinton County, whose sketch appears in this work. By his first wife he had three children, two living — Osias Scott and Ephraim. John A. is deceased. Mr. Guard owns forty- nine acres of well-improved land adjoining the corporation of Hamden Junction. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church. His parents, Jacob and Eliz- abeth (Scott) Guard, settled in Lawrence County, Ohio. His father was born in Pennsylvania, and his mother in Preston County, Va. From Ohio his father removed to Maryland, where he died. CoUimbus Johnson, farmer and County Commissioner, was born in this township in 1846, and is a son of Abraham and Matilda (Pewters) Johnson. His father was a son of John Johnson, who settled on section 16 in 1814, where he lived until his death in 1860, aged seventy-five years. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. The following were his children — Abraham, Henry, William, John, Nancy, Terresa, Charlotta and Sallie. By his second wife he had two children — Emily and Christena. Abraham, the eldest son, was born in 1816, and married Matilda A., daughter of William Pew- ters. After marrying he settled in this township, and in 1857 re- moved across the line into Jackson County, Ohio. He was elected one of the Commissioners of Jackson County, and while in the discharge of public business, in superintending the construction of a bridge, a derrick fell upon him and caused instant death, Oct. 19, 1876. He was a man with fine executive ability and was never de- feated when a candidate for office. Seven children were born to him — Alanson, Columbus, Clinton, Erastus, Seymour, Sallie Ann and Malinda A. Mrs. Johnson died in 1873 at the age of fifty-two years. Both were members of the Christian church and took much interest in religious matters. He owned 800 acres of good land at 1374 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. his death; he was also one of the original organizers and stock- holders of the Harnden furnace. Our subject was married in 1872 to Mary E. Buckley. He was elected to the office of County Com- missioner in 1880; he has also been largely identified with the offices of the township. He owns 256 acres of well-improved land. One child has been born to him — Ernest B. F R. Kolb, dealer in groceries, glassware, etc., came toHamden Junction in 1873, and was first in the employ of the M. & C. R. R. as night watchman, in which capacity he served four years. He then assumed charge of their telegraph office for one year, having learned telegraphy previously. In 1878 he went into his present business. He carries a general and complete stock and has one of the best stores in the place. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1853. His early life was passed in various ways, but principally on the farm. Before attaining his majority he began railroading on the M. & C. R. R. He lost his right arm on the road while coupling cars on a trestle. He is a member of the T. O. O. F., Hamden Lodge, JSfo. 517. He was married in 1879 to Miss Mattie Foster. They have one child — Stephen F. A. L. Lewis, dealer in drugs and notions, came to Hamden, in April, 1865, and began photographing, which he followed one sum- mer together with silversmithing. He was born in Gallia County, in 1829. His early life was passed upon the farm, and he received the rudiments of his education in the common schools which was developed by a courseof study in a High School. In 1858 he began teaching in Ohio. In 1861 he taught in Virginia, after which he returned to Ohio and taught two terms. In 1848 he began the study of medicine under his own direction at first and afterward under the direction of a regular physician. In 1856 he began prac- ticing and has made a specialty of chronic diseases. He has been very successful in the treatment of such cases, having cured many serious cases. In 1865 he removed back to Gallia County, and. for three years traveled quite extensively, and returned to Hamden in 1868. He now carries a full line of drugs. He owns a good property in the village, consisting in a dwelling and business house. 1. F. McClure, proprietor of Hamden Foundry and Machine Company, was born in Shelby County, Ohio, in 1852, and is a son of John B. McClure, who settled in Shelby County, Ohio, in an early day, and afterward removed to Jackson County, Ohio. Our subject began business at Hamden Junction in 1873, by keep- ing hotel and livery, which he continued four years. Then went to HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1375 Cincinnati and engaged in the carriage business, for five years traveling for Anderson, Harris & Co. In August, 1882, lie bought an interest in the Haraden Foundry and Machine Company and assumed charge of the business in January, 18S3. They manufact- ure stoves, castings of all kinds, build and repair machinery. They give employment to about eighteen men. Capital stock about $20,000. Commercial rating of the firm about $150,000. They also carry a general stock of hardware. Mr. McClure is a member of llamden Lodge, I. O. O. F., No. 517; Secretary of the lodge. He was married in 1873 to Miss Cordelia Burt, daughter of Hamil- ton Burt, of Jackson County, Ohio. They have three children — Stanford B., Ethel and Edward Earl. S. W.*Monahan, M. D., was born in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1811, and is a son of James and Maria (Walker) Monahan, of Maryland, who became a pioneer family in Belmont County. The Monahans were originally from Ireland, and the Walkers from England. The early life of our subject was passed upon the farm, and in the district school he obtained the rudiments of an educa- tion which was developed by a course of study in the Coolville Seminary. In 1863 he enlisted in the Sixty. third Ohio Infantry, of which he was hospital steward, retaining the position until dis- charged in 1865. He attended school a part of one year after his return from the army, and taught two winters. In 1867 he began the study of medicine under his brother, Dr. I. T. Monahan, of Jackson County, Ohio, who was his preceptor during his studies. He attended two full courses of lectures at the Eclectic Medical Institute at Cincinnati, from which institution he graduated in 1870. Immediately after, he began the practice of his profession at Ham- den Junction, where he has since paid exclusive attention to the demands of a large and increasing practice. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Hamden Lodge, No. 517, being a charter member. The Doctor was married in 1870 to Miss Chassie Burt, daughter of Hamilton Burt, of Jackson County, Ohio, who has borne him five children — Ora B., Grace, Francis H., Stephen W. and Bertha. The Doctor and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church of the village. B. R. Paine, farmer, was born on the old homestead in 1818 and is a son of Lemuel Paine, of whom mention is elsewhere made. He received a practical education in the district schools and has followed the avocation of farming. In 1878 he was married to Alice Wilcox. They have one child — Howard. Himself and wife 1376 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEr. are member? of the Presbyterian church, in which he has been an Elder five or six years. He owns 190 acres of well-improved land. James B. Pahie was born on the place where he now resides in 1844. He was reared on a farm and obtained the rudiments of his education at the common school. He completed his education at the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, which he entered in 1867, and graduated in the class of 1871. He then taught three months in the university and the twj succeeding years was prin- cipal of the schools at Greenfield, Ohio. He then took charge of the academy at Hiyesville, Ohio, for one year. He studied law and was admitted to the bar of Ohio, and began to practice his profession at Jackson, Ohio, which he continued till 18S1. In 1879 he was elected to the Legislature from Jackson, to fill a vacancy, and in 1880 he was re-elected. He is a Republican in politics, and takes an interest in all political movements. He is a member of Mineral Lodge, No. 517, F. & A. M. He was first married in 1875 to Fanny Allen, who died in 1876. They had one child — William W. (deceased). His second wife was Cornelia Dickerason, who has borne him two children — Fanny and an infant (deceased). David Paine, grandfather of our subject, was a native of Massachu- setts. He came to Ohio and settled southeast of Hamden Junc- tion in 1808, where he entered 160 acres, remaining there till his death. He had five children who grew to maturity — Lemuel S., Dennison, Douglas, Mahala and Caroline. He was a farmer by occupation. He served as one of the Associate Judges of Jackson County. Lemuel Paine, our subject's father, was born in Virginia and died when his parents settled in Jackson County. He was reared till manhood on his father's farm, and in 1833 or '34 he bought eighty acres on sections 19 and 30, which became his perma- nent home. He was prosperous in business and at his death owned about 1,000 acres. He served as County Commissioner and was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was mar- ried to Elizabeth Robey who bore him six children who grew to maturity — James B., David S., Bennett R., Delia E., William D. and Clara M. He died March 24, 1878, aged seventy years, seven months and ten days. His wife still survives him. Ephraim Bobbins, farmer, is a son of Charles and Nancy (Pratt) Robbins. His father was born in Orange County, N. Y., Feb. 13, 1787, and his mother in Greene County, N. Y. Mrs. Robbins was a daughter of Ephraim Pratt, a native of Massachusetts, who came from Pennsylvania to Athens County, Ohio, where he lived till his HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1377 death. He was a Revolutionary soldier, and served under General Prescott. Charles Robbins settled in 1819 where our subject at present lives. He entered 160 acres of land from the Government, on which he lived till his death. He held the office of TWnship Clerk many years. He was a prominent member of the United Brethren church and took much interest in religions matters. He was twice married, first to a Miss Sarah Nevil, near Circleville, Ohio, by whom he had six children who grew to maturity — John, James, Job, Henry, Jonas and Sarah. His second marriage was to Nancy Pratt in 1826, by whom he had four children — Ephraim, Charles, Alan son and Lura J. He died in 1867, aged upward of eighty years. His wife is living at the age of ninety years. He was successful in his business and accumulated a good property. Our subject was born where he now lives in 1827. His boyhood was passed in a manner common with pioneer boys. He attended the subscription and public schools in which he obtained a practical education. He was married in 1852 to Nancy, daughter of James Ozier, an old settler. Their children are — Mary F., MarthaV., Alan- son F., William E., Elmer E., Emma E., Charles H. and Thomas L. Mr. Robbins has always lived upon the farm where he was born. He owns 130 acres of excellent land, well improved. John Robbins, deceased, was a son of Charles and Sarah (Nevel) Robbins. He settled here in 1819, when nine years of age. He was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, in 1810. His bojdiood was passed upon the farm, and his education, though meager, was ob- tained in subscription schools. He worked on the construction of the Chillicothe canal at $9 per month, saving his earnings and judi- ciously investing in land, which is now owned by William Craig, where he lived until 1810, when he removed to the farm now owned by his son, H. C. He was a self-made man, having begun life with no capital save his hands and a willingness to work. His accumu- lations at his death consisted of 774 acres of land in this township, and about 500 acres in Pike County, Ohio, besides large personal effects. He possessed good executive and financial ability, in recog- nition of which he was elected Commissioner of the County, and was a candidate for Representative. He was also one of the orig- inators of the Cincinnati Furnace — now Richland. He was mar- ried to Betsey, daughter of Thomas W. White. They had four children, three of whom are living — T. W., H. C. and D. W. Jane died, aged three years. Mr. Robbins died at Kansas City, Mo., April 19, 1S65. Henry C. was born in Clinton Township, in 1837. 87 1378 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. His early life was passed upon the farm, and his education was received at the Athens University. He was married to Kebecca, daughter of William Ogier. They have had five children, three of whom are living — Homer B., Auta M. and Earl C. Mr. Rob- bins has 774 acres of excellent land, which comprises his father's original farm, inherited from his father. Activity in business, sound judgment and good executive and financial ability make Mr. Robbins a truly representative and enterprising man. In 1875 he erected a large commodious brick residence at a cost of $5,000, which for style of finish and convenience has no equal in the county. He is a worthy and acceptable member of Mineral Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, No. 259. William Stanton, dealer in general merchandise, business organ- ized in the fall of 1882, carries a full line of goods, consisting of dry goods, clothing, boots, shoes, hats, caps, queen's-ware, and every- thing usually found in a first-class retail house. He occupies two large rooms, seventy-five feet deep. The house was built in the spring and summer of 1882. and is one of the. finest in the county. He carries a stock of about $14,000, and does a good business. Mr. Stanton was born in Ireland in 1847. He came to America in 1850, and resided in various places fur awhile, finally locating in Berlin, Ohio, where he lived twenty-six years. He was reared to the life of a merchant, and has been engaged in that business since residing in the State. He has been twice married, the last time in 1877, to Miss Anna McKinniss, daughter of Charles McKirmiss, an old settler of this county. They have two children — Lizzie and Leo. J. M. Thomas, undertaker and dealer in furniture, Hamden Jurfction, Ohio, came to this place in October, 1S59, and engaged in the manufacture of wagons and carriages, which business lie carried on sixteen years. In 1875 he closed out his wagon business and established his present, now carrying a full line of furniture, his stock at present consisting of every article of furniture usually found in country retail houses. Mr. Thomas is a native of Ross County, Ohio, born Aug. 2S, 1827. He was reared on a farm, which he followed till twenty-three years old, at which time he be- gan to serve a two years' apprenticeship at $6.50 a month which, when completed, fitted him to engage in the business for himself. He served as Township Trustee from 1872 to 1874, and was again elected in the spring of 1883. He was elected first Mayor of Ham- den Junction in 1876. He was married Sept. 23, 1855, to Miss UISTORY OF HOOKING VALLEY, 1379 Harriet, daughter of Frederick Day. of Ross County. They had live children, four of whom are living — Mary A., Carrie, Adda M., Florence X. James N. is deceased. Mrs. Thomas died May '2 1, 1881, aged forty-eight years. J. ^V. Wallace^ baker and dealer in provisions and musical instruments, came to Ilannlen Junction in January, 1S77, and carried on a dry -goods and grocery store until 1SS0. lie then closed out his dry-goods department and added the bakery and musical instruments. He carries a full line of provisions. His bakery is carried on under his own supervision, lie has another at Wells- ton, Jackson Co.. Ohio. lie was born in Harrison Count v. Ohio, and in 1853 removed to Jackson County. Ohio. He was mar- ried in IS 75 to Frances L. McGhee. They have two children — Earl S. and Lolo F. Mr. Wallace is a member of Mineral Lodge, F. & A. M.. No. 259. He received the rudiments of his education in the common schools, which was developed by a course of study at the Lebanon Normal Institute. He taught one year previous to attending Normal, and afterward several vears. APPENDIX. In the following pages we give a portion of Athens County war record and biographical sketches that were unavoidably omitted from their proper places. ATHENS COUNTY MILITARY HISTORY. BATTLES AND MAECHES OF THE REGIMENTS. The following military history should have been included with that already given in the preceding pages of Athens County history, but there being no regiments but what recruited volun- teers from several counties, it was at first deemed sufficient to men- tion in the county sketches of war services only the companies represented; but a different view having been arrived at, the regiments which received volunteers, or were made up in part from the counties embraced in this work, are herewith entered with the record of the noble part they took in the defense and perpetuity of the Union in that sanguinary conflict known as the "War between the States." Men from Athens, Hocking and Vinton were found in a few cases in the same regiment, and especially was this the case in the most of the regiments referred to in the following pages, and in the previously written ones of Yinton County. In all these reg- iments Athens and Yinton counties' volunteers were found in more or less numbers, and the record of each will be but the his- tory of the brave and heroic actions of the gallant men from both counties who offered up their lives a willing sacrifice upon the altar of their country. There is no record that can be given so complete in all its details of the military history of the country as that compiled by counties, and had such a work been at once com- menced at the close of the deadly strife much now that is forever lost would have been saved for the use and the instruction of fut- ure generations. (1380) HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1381 THE LINE OF MARCH. The regiments in which Athens County was represented were the Third, Eighteenth, Thirty-sixth, Thirty-ninth, Sixty-ninth, Seventy-fifth, Ninety-second, and One Hundred and Sixteenth In- fantries, and the Seventh Cavalry. Some of these regiments had but few men from the county while Vinton County was also pretty well represented. The march of the Third Ohio and One Hundred and Sixteenth is given here, while the Eighteenth, Thirty-sixth, etc., will be found in the military history of Yin ton County. The Twenty-second, Thirty-ninth and Sixty-ninth were all in the southern campaign, but their march and battles engaged in would be but a repetition of those given and so are not entered here, though their reputation for bravery is fully recognized. THE ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTEENTH INFANTRY, with the exception of two companies, B and C, which were guard- ing the Marietta & Cincinnati Railroad, rendezvoused at Marietta Aug. 25, 1862. Companies A, C, D, E and F were from Monroe County; companies B and G, from Meigs; companies I andK, from Athens; and Company H, from Noble. Sept. 1 the regiment was ordered to Parkersburg to watch the movements of the rebel Gen- eral Jenkins. On the 6th it moved to Gallipolis, where it was armed and equipped. Sept. 18 and 19 it was mustered into the Uni- ted States service, except companies F and K, which joined the reg- iment at Buckhannon, W. Ya. It was there brigaded with the One Hundred and Tenth, One Hundred and Twenty-second and One Hundred and Twenty-third Ohio. In November, at New Creek, the measles raged violently among the troops, prostrating one fourth. Dec. 12, leaving 110 men in the hospital, the regiment moved to Moorefield, where it was stationed with a section of artil- lery. It was here attacked Jan. 3, 1863, and twenty men on pick- et-line were captured. From this time it was engaged in constant marching, foraging and skirmishing in "West Virginia, Pennsyl- vania, Maryland and Virginia, until Aug. 4 it arrived in camp at Martinsburg. April 29, 1864, it started up the Shenandoah Valley under Gen. eral Sigel, and in two brisk charges Piedmont was captured. The One Hundred and Sixteenth lost 176 men in killed and wounded. It was kept busy in various minor movements for the next few months, occasionally skirmishing with the enemy. It lost heavily in mak- 1382 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. ing a reconnoissance Aug. 26, near Halltown, and at Fisher's Hill it maintained its gallant record. It was constantly engaged in skirmishing and in guard duty the remainder of the year, and went into winter quarters at Aiken's Landing. In the spring of 1865 it acted a prominent part in the Petersburg campaign. The regiment was mustered out June 14, except companies F and K, which were consolidated with the Sixty-second, their time not being out till Oc- tober following. # THE SEVENTH OHIO CAVALRY contained a goodly representation from Athens County. It was known as the " river regiment," being recruited from Hamilton, Clermont, Brown, Adams, Scioto, Gallia, Athens, Meigs and "Washington counties. It was mustered into the service of the United States in the fall of 1862, and served three years, in almost all parts of the Confederacy. It bore a prominent part also in the chase of General John Morgan, following him closely from Tennes- see through Kentucky, Indiana and Ohio, until his command was annihilated and he himself was captured. It was mustered out July 4, 1865, after an active and brave service. THE THIRD OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY was organized at " Camp Jackson," in the suburbs of Columbus, under President Lincoln's first call for 75,000 volunteers for three months' service. The organization was completed by the 21st of April, 1861, and the most rigid drill at once instituted. On the 27th it was mustered into the United States service. The field orri-" cers, who were elected by ballot, were as follows: Isaac Marrow, of Columbus, Colonel; John Beatry, of Morrow County, Lieuten- ant-Colonel; and J. Warren Keifer, of Clark County, Major. On the 28th of April the right wing of the regiment was sent to Camp Dennison, with orders to break ground and prepare a suitable camp- ing place for the regiment. A newly planted corn-field on the west side of the railroad was selected, and, without blankets, tents or other covering this detachment of the regiment passed its first night of field service. On the 30th the remainder of the regiment arrived, bringing with it lumber and tools, with which the men soon constructed comfortable quarters. Throughout the month of May the regiment lay in this camp, and during that time was sub- jected to the most thorough discipline and drill, so far as drill could be carried by soldiers devoid of arms or uniforms. Near the HISTORY i'F H0CKI5TG VALLEY. 1353 last of May the men wore supplied with an assortment of old arms, flint-locks altered to percussion, and a small lot or' blouses and gray pants. Before orders for the field arrived a considerable portion of the three months' term had expired, and volunteers for three years being called for the Third re-enlisted with alacrity and en- thusiasm. On the 20th of January, LS62, the regiment was supplied with arms and uniforms, and ordered to proceed to Grafton, Va.. I seal : war. The regiment arrived at Bellaire on the 29d of -June, in time to claim the honor oi being the first three years' • _ a ei ' ' leave the State. Crossing the Ohio River to the : of Benwood, it was supplied with the first installment of ammuni- tion. Grafton was reached on the 23d, where the regiment at once reported to Major-General McClellau. After two days' rest, the regiment proceeded by rail to Clarksburg, where camp equipage was supplied, and every preparation made for an active campaign. The 25th of June, 1861, the Third Ohio was brigaded with the Fourth and Ninth Ohio and Loomis's Michigan Battery, Brigadier General Schleich, of Fairfield County, command: From Clarksburg the Third Ohio advanced with the army, noth- g of interest occurring until the 5th of July, when the regiment lay at Buckhannon, Va. Here the regiment lost its first blood. A scouting party of fifty, under Captain O. A. Lawson, of Com- pany A. was sent out by Gen< S lileich to reconnoiter. They had a skirmish with the rebels, and lest one man killed tive wounded. En the pursuit of the . nemy after the b i of Rich Mountain the Third was carried to Beverly on tin July: thence to lluttonsville and Cheat Mountain Summit, w the pursuit was abandoned, and the troops commenced fortif the passes of the Alleghanies. The greater part of the regiment was in erecting a line of telegraph from lluttonsville to the port oi Cheat Mountain Summit. On the 4th of August the regiment marched to Elkwater Creek, and in company wit:. enth Indiana Infantry and Loomis's Battery eommoiv. series of fortifications extending entirely across the valley. In the subsequent movements at Elkwater Junction and vicinity the miotookan active part. Early in October two companies scouted as far as Marshall, and on the oth the regiment made a reconnoissance to Fig Springs, but found only deserted cai With this reconnoissance ended the first campaign of the T Ohio Volunteer Infantry. It was a campaign of peculiar hards to the new soldier. At Clarksburg the regiment was paid. 1384 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. The regiment then proceeded to Parkersburg, Cincinnati and Louisville, at which latter place it was quartered at Camp Jenkins, four miles from the city. Here the Army of the Ohio was organized, in which the Third was assigned to the Third Division, General O. M. Mitchel commanding. The regiment was then assigned to severe drill in winter quarters at Bacon Creek or '-Camp Jefferson." Feb. 22, 1802, it broke camp and marched into Bowling Green just as the flying rebels left it. Hastening on, it reached the bank of the Tennessee River, opposite Nashville, some twelve hours in advance of troops under General Nelson, who, approaching by water, were really the first to enter the city. From Nashville it marched southward with General Mitchel, and took an active part in all the events of that stirring campaign, including the capture of Murfreesboro and the occupation of Shelbyville and Fayetteville, Tenn. It took a prominent part in the battle of Bridgeport, where it charged and drove the enemy across the bridge. Then followed a period of inactivity, consuming the greater part of the summer of 1862. Huntsville was the base of the regiment. On the 23d of August, Bragg having commenced his northward move- ment, the Third evacuated Huntsville, and marched to Deckerd Station and thence to Louisville, which it entered Sept. 25. After a brief rest the troops were again set in motion. At the battle of Perrysburg the Third stood its ground until more than one third of its number had fallen, dead or wounded. Its loss was 215 officers and men, and for its bravery it was publicly thanked by General Rosseau. It took part in the further pursuit of Bragg, and Nov. 30 jit again encamped at Nashville. Buell was now removed, and the regiment served under Rosecrans in the advance upon Murfreesboro and the battle of Stone Raver. It lost heavily in this battle. After this the Third was encamped for three months at Murfreesboro. Early in April, 1863, the Third was detached from the army proper, and in cornpauy with the Fifty-first and Seven t}'-third Indiana, Eightieth Illinois and two companies of the First Alabama Cavalry, was dispatched on a disastrous raidint) Northern Georgia. (h\ the 30th of April, while crossing Sand Mountain, the command was overtaken and attacked by a large cavalry force. After a run- ning tight of ten miles, the column turned and gave battle. A severe tight ensued, in which the regiment captured a battery of twelve-pounders. The command escaped to Gladsden, unpursued, and there destroyed four or five thousand stands of rifles. Tiie HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1385 raiders then marched in the direction of Rome, but were again overtaken, and another battle ensued, in which the Third suffered greatly. The Rome Mountain Iron Works, one of the most exten- sive and valuable establishments of its kind in the Confederacy, was reached and burned, by a selected band of 250, but the main body proceeded with great difficulty. On the morning of May 3, the ammunition being mostly damaged, and their horses being rid- den down, the whole command was surrendered, and the Third Ohio became prisoners of war. The men were treated with great severity by their captors, and were robbed of everything valuable. May 15 the men were paroled, but officers were incarcerated in Libby Prison. During the summer they were exchanged. They remained in Ohio until August, 1863, engaged in quelling local troubles, and also taking an active part in the pursuit and capture of John Morgan and his raiders. In August it was ordered to Nashville, Tenn., where it was again armed and equipped. It marched then to rejoin its brigade at Stevenson, Ala., but arrived too late as it had already crossed the Tennessee and marched beyond Chat- tanooga. It was then for a time engaged in guarding pontoons at Bridgeport and in escorting trains to Chattanooga until after the battle of Chickamauga. Its next movement of interest was against Wheeler's cavalry raid to Anderson's Gap, Tenn. Thence it moved down the Sequatchie Valley to Looney Creek, where it remained some time, repairing roads and facilitating the passage of trains to Chattanooga. It marched to Kelly's Ferry on the Tennessee, and thence to Chattanooga, where it performed garrison duty till June 9, 1864, when it received orders to report at Camp Deunison, Ohio, its term of service having expired. The officers of the regiment were retained in prison for such a length of time that no effort was made to re-enlist the regiment as veterans, and the men were ac- cordingly mustered out of service June 23, 1864. After a brief •visit to their homes most of the men and officers re-enlisted in other regiments " for the war." THE THIRTY-SIXTH INFANTRY, composed of men from Athens and neighboring counties, was organized at Marietta (Camp Putnam) in August, 1861. Its first officers were Melvin Clarke, of Marietta, Lieutenant- Colonel, and E. B. Andrews, of Marietta College, Major. For the position of Colonel it was the strong desire of the officers 1386 HISTOEY OF HOCKING VALLEY. to have a man of thorough military education. Such a man was secured in George Crook, of Dayton, then Captain in the Fourth Infantry of the regular army. This is the same Crook who afterward became a Major-General. Before Colonel Crook assumed command six companies under the charge of Major A. J. Slemmer marched through several counties of Western Virginia to clear the country of large bands of guerrillas. Colonel Crook and the other four companies joined them at Summerville, in Nicholas County, where the regiment remained until the following spring. An old saw-mill was refitted, timber in the forest cut and drawn, and a large drill-house 700 feet long was erected, in which the regi- ment was thoroughly drilled. There was much sickness in the regiment during the winter from typhus fever and pneumonia, and nearly fifty deaths occurred. May 12, 1S62, the regiment, except- ing Company B, which remained to hold the post of Summerville, started South via Cold Knob and Frankfort for Lewisburg, Green- brier County. Here the regiment was organized into a brigade with the Forty-fourth Ohio and a battalion of the Second West Virginia Cavalry. With this force Colonel Crook marched through the mountains to White Sulphur Springs, Covington and Jackson River Depot. .Returning from this expedition the camp at Lewisburg was attacked by General Heth, with from 2,500 to 3,000 rebels, who took position on a hill east of the town and be- gan to shell the camp. The Thirty-sixth and Forty-fourth, contain- ing in the aggregate about 1,200 effective men, were ordered to repel the attack, which was done in a sharp skirmish of about twenty minutes. The Thirty-sixth lost in this glorious action seven killed, forty-four wounded and five captured on picket. May 29 the expedition moved back to Meadow Bluffs in order to be nearer its base of supply, and there it was joined by the Forty-seventh Ohio. In August these, with other troops, proceeded to Washing- ton and there joined the Army of the Potomac, where it was as- signed to duty under General Pope. During the second battle of Bull Run the Thirty-sixth was in the reserve. The next move- ment of importance was in assisting to repel Lee's invasion ot Maryland. Sept. 14 the regiment was actively engaged in the battle of South Mountain, where it made a gallant bayonet charge. Three days later the Thirty-sixth was actively engaged in the bat- tle of Antietam. After the battle it encamped at the mouth of Antietam Creek until Oct. 6, when it was ordered back to West Virginia. HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1387 Here it remained for three months, and then, in January, it pro- ceeded to Nashville, Tenn., and joined the army of General Rose- crans. Early in June the brigade containing the Thirty-sixth marched across the country from Carthage to Murfreesboro, to join the main army, and was attached to Major-General Reynold's di- vision. On the 24th of June it moved southward with the army, through a drenching rain, and had a sharp engagement with the enemy the same evening and part of the next day, at Hoover's Gap. The enemy were driven out of Tullahoma. The Union forces moved rapidly in pursuit, and were kept marching until they suddenly found themseves engaged in the battle of Chickamauga. In this battle the regiment lost seventy brave officers and privates. It participated in the capture of Brown's Ferry, below Chattanooga, and Nov. 25 took part in the victory of Mission Ridge, in which it lost eighty-three men. In February, 1S64, the regiment re-enlisted, and on the 10th of March the men were sent home on veteran furlough. At the ex- piration of its thirty days the regiment was sent to its old familiar camping-ground at Charleston, W. Ya. Thence, under General Crook, it started on a raid to Dublin Depot, via the falls of Kana- wha, Raleigh and Princeton. This expedition, which was attended with some lighting, was successful in destroying a considerable quantity of stores. The regiment then joined General Hunter, in the Shenandoah Yalley, and for the next few months was occupied in minor movements in the vicinity of Staunton, Lexington and Lynchburg. They were finally attacked by General Early, and compelled to retreat to Charleston, where they arrived in a demor- alized and half-starved condition. In July the troops again entered the Shenandoah Yalley, where they were engaged in skirmishes at Cabletown and Kernstown, and obliged to retreat into Maryland. They went into camp at Pleas- ant Valley, July 27. Aug. 7 General Sheridan took command of the Army of the Shenandoah, and from the 11th to the 26th the regiment was almost constantly engaged in skirmishing. Sept. 3 the regiment distinguished itself in a severe four hours' battle at Perryville, and it was also a participant in the battle of Opequan, Sept. 19. By the 22d it was at Fisher's Hill, and it took part in the subsequent pursuit of Early's army. At Harrisonburg it was sharply attacked and driven some miles. The Thirty-sixth remained in the Shenandoah Yalley until December following, and then, at Cumberland, Md., was consolidated with the Thirty-fourth Ohio. It remained in the service in the Shenandoah Galley for some . - - mont 1, 1- B is thirty . ~ If lbs Katie I a '/.'.. A.thei . ' '-■ • - " EL a '/..'. - ' ■ ' I ; • • [r. He ■ " _ . I ■ -- . ! ... W ■ - . • '. - the breaking ont of 1 I .'•■_•■■.. I in f E E - rema . \ ■ ■ ■ - .: . beeame ~-^:.~ i - . : • -. ULgll- N 3 - ■ j \ . ; - 5 - - has . - . - N 3* -. 3 3 - . C - . \ - \ . '. v ',.-.' ' '• 3 5 3 ?t < - ■ 3 . - ? ... - \ - 3 - 3 '. .'■-.'. . ^ . — 3 - i ---■-.. FM$ . . . . .. - . 3 - . . . > 3 . - ■ - 3 • ; -• 3 - \ \ . - V 1390 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. mercantile business. In 1S3Y lie relinquished this and removed to his father's farm where, after improving the water-power of the Hocking River, he built a saw-mill. In 18±2 he built a large grist- mill near by, and two years later built a fine woolen mill, the first in Southern Ohio. The business proved very successful. In the year 1867, his business having largely centered at Athens, he re- moved his family to that place, where he still lives. He is uni- versally conceded to be the most active man in building projects in the county. Since 1837 he has built a large number of stores, dwellings, mills and factories, including a large brick woolen factory, one of the finest in this section of the State. In later years railroad projecting has occupied his mind, and he has figured prominently in railroad measures well calculated to develop the wealth of the State. In 1850 he commenced to agitate the Parkers- burg & Columbus Valley Line, which through unforeseen difficul- ties was abandoned. He secured the right of way for the building of the Baltimore Short Line and officiated as practical superin- tendent of construction. He was a stockholder and director of the road until its amalgamation with the Baltimore & Ohio, when his interests merged with that company. Mr. Stewart is credited with being the prime mover of the enterprise which resulted iu the construction of the Baltimore Short Line, and doubtless he contributed more time, influence and personal energy to secure its successful inauguration than any other one man, having devoted tour years to its interests. He was for some years a director of the Atlantic & Lake Erie Road, since succeeded by the Ohio Central, being largely instrumental in securing its final success. More re- cently he has been looking toward the construction of other new roads in this part of the State, especially one to connect the great coal fields of this and adjoining counties directly with the Eastern markets. His enterprise, however, has not been confined to mill- ing, building and railroading. Within the county of Athens, on the line of the C, W. & B. R. R., his name promises to be long commemorated in a brisk and enterprising village of which he is the founder. For this village "Stewart" was laid out on his land, the buildings put up at his own expense, and by his liberal inducements it was soon populated with a prosperous and enter- prising people. He has never entered actively into politics and has always been disposed to eschew office. He was a Lincoln elector in 1860, and was one of his warmest admirers. He has filled the office of Justice of the Peace for nearly a quarter of a century, and served on the Board of County Commissioners for HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. 1391 one term. When be entered upon this latter office the practice of " bidding off" the county paupers was in vogue — a method which to him seemed repugnant and greatly defective. He took pains to in- vestigate the manner in which the unfortunates were treated, and lound to his satisfaction that in most cases it was undertaken to make the most possible money regardless of human suffering. He therefore strenuously urged that an infirmary be secured and the poor given comfortable living. Notwithstanding a strong op- position from the public, he with the aid of a few others finally succeeded in carrying his point. A farm and buildings were soon procured and the measure carried into effect, after which the wis- dom of the project was heartily assented to by many from whom opposition had come. He has acted with the Republican party continuously since its organization, and has generally entertained decided views on the leading public questions. Before the organ- ization of the Republican party he was a Whig of the old line, but left the old party to help organize the new. During the late war Mr. Stewart supplied means for establishing a sutler's shop, and as it required his attention for a time he went South. While there his sympathies were enlisted in behalf of the wounded soldiers and he devoted his time to their relief. Although a non-combatant, he was much exposed to the enemy's tire and often barely escaped capture by the enemy. In one instance he was so hard pressed, being hemmed in on all sides, that he tookYefuge in a cluster of evergreens. Having about $3,000 in money on his person he con' 1 - cealed it under an old rail fence, trusting to memory to guide him to its discovery again when danger should have passed. He then started on foot and reached Nashville in safety. After the lapse of several days he returned to the place and found his money in- tact. Mr. Stewart has been twice married; first to Miss Sarah Carter, April 7, 1836, who died Oct. 16, 1874. He had nine chil- dren by this marriage, six of whom are still living. His second marriage was with Mrs. M. E. Pearce, widow of the late Dr. T. J. Pearce, of the United States army. She was well known throughout the war for her charitable work, and afterward officiated as matron at the Dayton Asylum for the Insane. Mr. Stewart has long been an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Stewart's Chapel, near his old home, takes its name from him. At the present time (July, 1883) he continues in active business, his time being fully occupied in looking after his multifarious interests. He is an extensive land owner and one of the heaviest tax-payers in the county. 1392 HISTORY OF HOCKING VALLEY. Miakim Hastings Moore, ex-Collector of Internal Revenue and ex-Member of Congress from the Fifteenth District, was born in Boylston, Worcester Co., Mass., June 19, 1812. In 1817 he came with his father to Ohio, locating in Athens County. His early as- sociations were such as to develop a hardihood and self-reliance characteristic of those pioneer days. He attended the district schools of the day, and as a pupil was rated among the most apt and proficient. His later education was eminently practical, being acquired in the rounds of active business life by intercourse and as- sociation with business men. He joined the first temperance or- ganization in 1828 and has continued to preserve his interest in its welfare and advancement. In politics he was a Whig until the formation of the Republican party, with which he has since acted. In the winter of 1834-'5 he taught school, alternating with the study of surveying under Hon. S. B. Pruden, who, in the spring of 1836, appointed him Deputy County Surveyor. In 1838 he was elected County Surveyor and re-elected in 1841 and 1844. In 1S46 he was elected County Auditor and was re-elected continuous- ly till 1858, when he declined further service. During the late Rebellion he was active and prominent in the measures taken for its suppression. When the system of internal revenue was adopted he was appointed Collector for the Fifteenth District of Ohio; but his political predilections being diametrically opposed to those of An- drew Johnson's he was removed. He was for many years a Di- rector of the Athens branch of the State Bank of Ohio, and, as its President, superintended its conversion into the First National Bank of Athens. Mr. Moore has become widely known by reason of his activity in the matter of public improvements and the devel- opment of the mineral resources of his county. He served some years as a director of the M. & C. R. R , and joined in the con- struction of the C. & H. V. R. R. as one of the projectors and in- corporators. In 1868 he was elected to Congress but declined a nomination in 1870. Mr. Moore was largely instrumental in se- curing the location of the asylum for the insane at Athens. He has served on its Board of Directors and has also beea a member of the Board of Trustees of the Ohio University. He was a member of the first Board of Education organized in Athens. He married Amy Barker, a descendant of an old New England family. Of their four children, but one is living — David H., a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church, and formerly President of the Cin- cinnati Wesleyan College, and the present head of Denver Univer- sity, the leading educational institution of Colorado. 8i ' 810, • -' "•