Qass c >hM ^l ^h Book - // cT ^ / 62d Congress, ) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, j Document M Session, \ 1 No. 681. EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRA- TION. LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE, TRANSMITTING, PURSUANT TO PROVISION IN AGRICULTURAL APPROPRIATION BILL, APPROVED MARCH 4, 1911, STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION, ETC. April 5, 1912. — Referred to the rommittee on Agriculture and ordered to be printed, with illustra! i -n. i/, "0 Department of Agriculture, '' Office of the Secretary, Washington, D. C, April 1, 1912. Sir: The statement transmitted herewith presents, as nearly as the records make possible, the information called for by one of the pro- visions of the agricultural appropriation act of March 4, 1911. The assembling of this information has entailed a line-by-line analysis of some 165,000 vouchers, covering the disbursement of over $16,000,000. One result is to show that the net cost of the national forests to the Government for the six years from 1905 to 1910, inclusive, was a little less than $3,200,000, or about $530,000 per year. The amount of the cost is reached by deducting from the gross expenditures for national- forest administration, protection, and improvement (including all overhead charges) the value of all improvements and property on hand and the receipts from the forests during the period. Since the statement is necessarily detailed, a brief summary pre- sentation of the salient facts regarding expenditures is desirable. The information called for with regard to them may be classified under the following headings: (1) Compensation of employees. (2) Expenditures for travel. (3) Payments of freight, express, telegraph, and telephone charges. (4) Payments for purchases. (5) Payments for rent. 2 EXPENDITUKES FOE NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION, COMPENSATION OF EMPLOYEES. Regarding the compensation of employees information is called for along three separate lines, namely, according to (a) official posi- tion, (h) cliaracter of employment, and (c) place of employment. With regard to official position the act specifies that there shall be shown — all expenditures made each fiscal year * * * for salaries and other compensation of inspectors, forest supervisors, deputy forest rangers, assistant forest rangers, stating the number of each class. Presumably the purpose was to ascertain the amounts paid to forest officers of all grades. The positions named, however, do not form a complete list of the forest force. The total salary expendi- tures for all national forest positions during the five years and seven months after the fore^^ts were transferred to the Department of Agriculture totaled $6,891,977.42. With regard to the character of the employment the act calls for a statement of expenditures (a) "for part time force to meet emer- gencies in extinguishing forest fires," (h) "for compensation of per- sons engaged in writing descriptive or other matter for publication," and (<:) "for lecturers." Concerning expenditures under the second and third heads it need only be said here that the cost of all work chargeable under these heads was relatively small and the general line followed in diffusing information not materially different in character from that of other bureaus. Concerning the expenditures "for part time force" it should be pointed out that, as shown on Sheet 1, temporary labor is employed not only for fire fighting, but also in improvement work and for miscellaneous purposes. The item "temporary labor — miscella- neous" includes some labor not employed upon the forests; but the total disbursements for temporary labor employed in connection with the national forest work may be put at approximately %1, 100,000. This amount, added to the salary expenditures for the regular forest force already reported, makes the total disbursed in salaries and wa^es for work on the forests approximately $8,000,000. To obtain the administrative salary cost of the national forest work outside of ^Vashington (except for salaries of men who, as explained below, are officially stationed at Washington but are employed largely in the field), there should be added the salaries paid to persons connected with the district offices. The total dis- trict salary expenditures were $553,151.25, which gives a total, in round nurnbers, of $8,500,000 paid out in salaries to persons employed in national forest work outside of Washington. With regard to place of employment, the act calls for a statement of expenditures "for statutory and lump-fund salaries of officers and clerks * * * hi the city of Washington" and "for salaries" and "clerk hire * * * in connection with the conduct of the Forest Service outside of the city of Washington." The statement shows a to- tal expenditm-e for salaries and wages in Washington of $2,469,099.51, and for salaries and wages out of Washington of $9,523,929.38. It should be pointed out, however, that the compensation paid to em- ]>loyees in the city of Washington is often for work performed outside of the city of Washington. Both in the administrative and in the investigative work of the Forest Service men whose official station is ^1" V EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL, FOREST ADMINISTRATSON. Washington, and who are therefore recorded as paid in Washington, are actually employed in the field during a large part of each year; but it is not possible to segregate the amounts of salary ])aid them while employed in the field, so as to show what part of the total payment was actually made for services rendered in Washington. In other words, a considerable fraction of the approximately S2, 500,000 shown as paid in Washington was compensation for field work, either inves- tigative or supervision, and inspection of the work on the national forests. EXPENDITURES FOR TRAVEL. The expenditures for travel include all charges for transportation and subsistence of men on field trips, whether in connection with national forest administrative work, inspection, or investigative stud- ies. In the years prior to the transfer of the national forests the travel expenditures ranged from 22.14 per cent to 13.71 per cent of the total yearly expenditures. For the years 1905 to 1910, inclusive, the percentage spent for travel ranged from 11.54 per cent in 1905 to 6.56 per cent in 1910. The total spent in the entire 11 years was a little less than $1,350,000, or 8.07 per cent of the total expenditures. FREIGHT, EXPRESS, TELEGRAPH, AND TELEPHONE CHARGES. The total expenditures for freight, express, telegraph, and telephone charges were as follows: Freight and drayage $215, 763. 07 Express 37,045.36 Telegraph 31,725.49 Telephone 34,619.39 PURCHASES. The act calls for information with regard to purchases by years as follows : For * * * all other expenditures made for the conduct of the bureau in the city of Washington, including * * * fuel, stationery, furniture, furnishings, typewriters, giving the number purchased; misceUaneous supplies, giving classifica- tion of same; for * * * miscellaneous supplies, giving classification thereof; office supplies, and all other expenditures made in connection with the conduct of the Forest Service outside of the city of Washington; for photographs, lantern slides, lecture equipment. The statement shows expenditures for purchases as follows: Percentage of total ex- penditures. Stationery Printed matter purchased Furniture and furnishings Photographic supplies and equipment Office supplies Laboraiory supplies Instruments Building materials Field equipment, etc Miscellaneous purchases Total S139, 57; 170, 42, 238, 17, 205, 598, 3t;c., 4ai, 372. 18 633. 94 771. 10 095. 02 064.50 731. 05 467. 60 476.50 555. 36 693. 33 0.83 .35 1.02 .25 1.43 .11 1.23 3.58 2.19 2.73 2,292,860.58 13.72 4 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. Pages 12 and 15 classify these and other expenditures between "in Washington" and "out of Washington." It should be noted, however, that a part of the purchases in Washington were of material for field use, including use in the districts and on the national forests. Of the above expenditures for purchases $1,524,588.09 are recorded as "out of Washmgton." RENT. The expenditures for rent during the 11 years totaled $329,840.43, or 1.98 per cent of all expenditures. Of this amount, $145,274.34 was for rent in Washington and $184,566.09 for rent out of Washing- ton. TOTAL EXPENDITURES IN WASHINGTON AND OUT OF WASHINGTON. The statement shows all expenditures (without deductions for repayments) divided as follows: In Washington .$3, 292, 937. 62 Out of Washington 13, 126, 605. 45 In and out of Washington ' 284, 533. 92 Total 16, 704, 076. 99 A copy of this report has also been transmitted to the President of the Senate. Very respectfully, James Wilson, Secretary. The Speaker of the House of Representatives. ' Freight and drayage, express, and telegraph charges on goods shipped or messages sent from or to Washington. EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. o tf 1— 1 o a u n CJ ra o o « HI 05 Eh '"' n < « >H •< u w ^ w o -< w w Q «-£ So E ="a o- > C u< C3 C3 <3^ C; w = « in^ C 1 _ C8 .0 O. „ ■ - I ^ . . 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1 CM Oi E- Oi CO ■* CO tt CM w 00 .-H CM 0— ICO.-H CMOi «& •% ■^ CD rt CM CM-H rH —( c s ^"25'g" CO ^ CM O CO o CO ^_^ ^^ Tf*CO -^ .-H OOiO CM Oi §8gSS£S o c^ o CM CM f^iOOJ ^ OCO t^ ■* c O »o »o ^ ^ »o 10 r^ CO ^H CO dd --H t_ d .-; 00 i-^ LO oi o 1^ c^ CO ■* rt rt COOi CO ^ -* CM CO t^ >0 =C C-1 CO 00 <>; d t^ CO rt CO ,-H t^ Oi CO 00 &» -s e'- s© " C» --H Tl CO CO ■<(< r~oo C« r-H rH lO t^ o en o r^ iccoOb- ■>jn CD t- t-Tt^ «o >o C£ o ira lO''*^ OOJ 00 ^H 00*0 Oi c<; c CMCOCOO>OCO o ■^ oi •^ CO oi s^^§ toc-J 10 00 OiOiCMfS Oi CO rH CO* CO i^ cc ;o ■^ CO 1^ OOCO to CO CO 00 CM o ■* CM t-- c 0^ c «> COr-T --T oc -a*" rH~CMe-rrH 1-t CO >o ■^ CO ^ t*co t^ CO CMO CO t-- OCO t-' CM ^ d dco 1-d o CO CO CM o d CM CO OO 06 cc CO c W lO CM 10 Oil-H r>^ CM 1^ ■<** Oi C5 I-H CO o CO t-CM oc •SrHCMOO «& e^ o ci •* cc W-rH-CMo" P^ ■^ o i-HW lO § CMOCOIO ": Oi 00 ■* c COiO -* t^ coco t~ •* -j-o mcM OiOO 00 CO ->t< c^ C3 o CO b- o CO c "* 00 »c»^ ■«* CO CO »C rj^ rH »o.» ■^ CM X CO 10 CO oc •Sl^OOiCO T-l CO CO o «^ tH CM o~ c rH t^ Of- 3 «^ m CO co".-r ir »-r f-Tco" o ^ ^ 000 00 s oc CO icoo obS o-* t^ g OOiO cc oc cc o CO "^ IC o CM d d c^ d fl- c d CM 00 oco r^o C^ CO rH CO CO CM oe c: r-HCO ? o ^ CM >o o- CO 10 IOC «^ ■* «« cm" - — — c 1-- ** cooT o o IT IT" lOC^l cc t^ t^l« oei oi IT -* -t OCM -t CO c OCO L-i CM o o •^ c lOCT- ^ CO 06 c c d -^ p^ Oi C^ CO •w t~ Oi CV OiCM c^co « c 9&-H •0 oc c Woo o >. ^ "" '- c ij O w o t^ 10 10 -^Oi r- :a •* CO o- CM.-^ t-O c^ c ■OrH o <= ^ o 00 c: lOirid d ■ ^ t c »d r-I C5 o 5 t-^ COrt c CO Tf s w c «© •-< t^ c c e^ T3 K >, o « T? u QJ 01 o o o o .is '3 (-• ft .s 2 ff" ■s t 5^ »-* fe^ o o s «i (d (U o o !» 100it^O'»J<0000 CiCOOC^iOO^iO CO O !N 1-1 T-H rH CO 1-1 lO CO occ CO lO C^ 1 - Oi CO ' Ol CO 00(>1 lO c^i lo "XJ c>i t - C^ t- Oi CO •— I ■^ CO O 'lO CO Ol (M CO O CS — < CO 00 CO CO OiC) CO co'cTocToo CO CO lo r* o CO lo CO CO -^ CO (N lO Ol CO to o cd ci cr" 'T l^ Ol T-( (>» lO CO GO ■^J* O O t^ CO Ol c^ oocoi o 1-^ o O O TT CO CO C^l OS I^ l>- 00 c' o to tC -H ^ 1300 o to o r- ^ ; Ci 00 to 00 C*^ Oi 00 3 OJ to O "^ d C^ r-l Oit^O'^COtOOSCO iMOOi"VCOtCt-- QOoTcrr-ro" - OS CO CO CO CM r--^ 00 Tf oi --< CO OfN O '-t CO "^ CO ^cmcm" 5 O '^ -^ 00 CO O 1-H ) h- CO r- CO to t^ to C^C-ltO.-.^O'^OOcO "■rosxor-oc^ioi M o; ■^ w CO » o 00 CO -— I -*f <-♦ -^ »o o rH t^ Cr. ?-! IC t^ T-4 •^ r^ -r a:' ri CO i-H O CO -— ■ .— lO Tf cs to CO O OCO r-H CO CO a: r-^ o^ CO CO ^-* -T i-T o'coi4'T-r lO -HOO ■^'-tcOO^^COiO'^ t^CMcoOiOsO'^l:^ C^ CM O "^ CO CM -TJ^ -"iP COOOCOCS^^COOiO i-tCOCMl--.C O CM <-< CO CO 1-1 cc"c^r»f:roo CO »-r to i-< CI t" o t-- O C/D "^ I- CO Oi -rr O to 1-H •-H CO I- CO "^ 00 cocm" t^ CS -^ TT CO Os.-< 1-" N t- r^ CM o CO* c5 t^ OC CM 00 T-t o; CO 00 o> CO i-^oT 1-4 OS OC O M -^ •^ 00 C'l t^ 00 oi to CO ' -f CO c^i c-i CO cr> cs CO ■'T OJ C>1 T-1^0C CM «& CM CO -V 00 CO to to *-< t^ CO to T-i oc ooco -^ CO C^l 1-1 t- 1-1 Oi O CO to CMC© tH lOOCMOt^COtOOS -"fcOcOOOO-^J^Ci-l lo t4 od C'i '<»' i^ 00 1-5 CMOSOOCOcoCOtO I— lco w -r 00 I^ O CO C^l o GO Oi -^ r-. 1-1 g-'gco-oi CM C: 'V O CO C5 00 rH t^ "^ '^ CO to l^ CO to o i^ -^co O'*CSi-t'-»00OO OGO-^rOOii— lOOCO O 1-1 CO 1-i to t-^ oi o OS CO t^ -^ I^ 00 CS t^ OOOCMi-i t- CM to O to to 1-* CM OS OS 00 C» 00 CO to '-^ l^ CO 1—1 CO CO '^ »o "^CO t-- 1-1 rjiCM O OCO h- CM to CO to o cr- t^ "-0 ro CO o CO '«»^.-l i-H C t^ O O 1-" O Oi CO CO ^ co' -T- --^ 00 o to O ^2 .-« 1— t O O t-- O CO OOCOO o CM O ■T' CO CO CM CO 1— < to OS OS CO 00 CO -^ Oi-^r^'* 1-H CO r-l O O to CM CM Tt* 00 '^ CM O O CM OCM to CO CO i-< oo t~- to C^l O CO CM CO CM wH tC i-Tr-T CM r^ CO CM OS i-f CM OS lOCM 1-H o OS 00 r^ t^i-H CO Oi O 00 O <-(-<** CO i-Ti-To co" CM CM CO i-Ht^cOCM O 00 .-H GCOS t- CO OS CM ^5* rr os'^ji 00 CO 00 00 rH CO ■<»* ^T 00 O 1—1 COCM^OCO CO -^ to to to CM »-( CO O OS CO CO Oi C*t CM CM -^ OS.— I CM CO OS O O 00 CD to to CO r-^ GO CO o 1-5 CO 00 ^ to 00 O '^ C^J CO 1-1 C?s" O '-H «© 1-< O CO I •- -^ CM t-H CO -^ 1^ ' < OCO' to ^ O CO ^ O C: O to O CO O CO 00 t-* 1-5 i-H co' to o ■^ -^ CO CO CM CO CM '<*' CO 1-1 to CM t-- r- ■^ to O O CO' 1-1 1-H CO C'l oi CO ■ CM CM • CO to CO C^) O t^ M* 00 1-t to t^ 00 to 1—1 1—1 "O - O ■"T CO ■^ C t^ CO O 1-4 I •©rr :0 CM C3 44 D I s »ii^ M fe " " g is V o a-~oo o •2s C 03 6 o g; c oi-a ,ri C3 O ca ti~ CJ c3 « pQrt M03_ „ H >> bis C H 3 O '"H S« O "=^9 , a E ^ — . t^ O C CJ -o o ■OS OP +J 3 •o -s t>» i -a .J3 ee 5 o g C3J3 C-" p ^ 3 1- .2 „ p, a = ■§ -w a '~_c: c '^ w •S '" « -o °' 5 '^ — ■ n - p. >,-j; 03 •2 _£ £ !^ 5 -E Eh £1 £T3aS!*crg£^--2.a ,S 2 2 oi jd ft Ph-s Sii ij qa^-wwoeOKg; 5-53 "S 12 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. O ^ CO '^ •^ CO CO m ,-H (T) ■H* rt ,_, -^ TT ■«»' H «^ CO CD en ^ CC Ol '^ no ■^ Q^ ■O CO ^^ lO V: (O CO OT s CO ^ o 0-. -. coo o oro CO •o 2 CJ>>0 <= o b^ l— ' s CO t^ Ol CO 03 c^ ^ n OC CO Oi «e ■^ CJ> ^_, Ol o CO ,_, o> CM CO 00 t^ (-: fa iS^ ;3 o ■^ Oi '!?' TT Ol p «« ■d s| : 3 tc • a s-a • MP ; cs ^ : T .2 ! Ed liHi "c c O M " tb 0) H »— • O lO CO CO c-1 to — 1 in lo ■* -a< CM T*" CO 03 «OOOOiO-4 rfco^ C31 to CO to 00 CO ■♦Oii^ i? ts o cs 00 O I^ to r^ CO c^ CO '^ oi CD --S^ CO Cji D oi as CO 1^ OS t^ T-Hi^or^oocJiiooo Ci o »-< -^j^ coto CD rp 10 'd t^OliOOt^OilOtO "^ iC^'rt-H-od CM'c.f-HtO to" 10* 0^ 10 CO rH CO CD ^ ^ OS CO r^ -^ r-l ^ ■* CM ■* —1 •"• c^r «» CO lO CO ■* CT> T)l t^O CD e3i *0 CM t> ^H • ^ 00 ■* C^) <3> rj t^THOO l^ CD to t^ »0 10 ■ r^ ts >o l-^ O 00 ^ to CO tD c:i 00 OI -3" : ^ cr. o oi -t^ Tj* -^ to -ti to to ■<»• 00 O ^ CO OO C-l Oi bl CD Oi o» -1 .-1 OI Oi 10 • T-H O Ol CO -^ cro CO J? t •— 1 o CO «% '-I OI CO 00 CM tOOOOOOi ^HOt^0i»0C0 01 I^ CI [~ OJ CO CM o)Oi>r>- t^ OI t^ ^ ^^ to 00 -^ CO to oi c-i »o r^ to 10 Oi 1^ to I^ • CD OO O CC O CO CitO-^CO OOCOt^Oil^CO 000-J<0>.4 CO —1 CM t^ Oi OI 00 1^ ■-^ CM oToocM .-rr-T i-^oouf.-r ^t^ QO-T-H O M 1-1 CO ■^ «« w CO t^ lO C75 COOI^CJ oot^ooooit^o to O -^OiO o OJC-lTt*CO CDOCCMiOI^iOOO ^ CO ci oi >o 00 t-Itoioto -^ oi Oi -^ oi ^ r-^ oi 1-^ CO o o ^ ■^ t^ to -^ CM 01 10 01 t- t^ to to t- ^ 03 o Oi ^ .-H OI .— 1 1-H OI 1^ CM CM O iX --H ^"t-T 01 CO* oof -^o" T-ir-i CD CM CO «« •^ ^ -^ OS Oi OlOtOiO CDiOt^tOCiOtDO -^ t^CM CO -^ 05 ^ Tj< rH ,- H Oit~ to to to 00 00 w O O --H -^ I^ toi^or^ 06 '^ CO oi 1^ oi 00 t>^ 05 lO O CO ■<»* •«<^01 ^ "O >o ^ -fjt OI ■<*' CD CO Ort t^COCM CM t^ lO ^ ■* Oi t^ioeoc^ Oi to -H03CM lO oq loto ^00 CO^ CM '"*' «% t^coo t^co ^ iO Oi CO CO »o • 000 00 10 00 05 Ci t^ CO Oi ^ to Oi Oi ■ —1 1^ r- lO t-^ lO -<1^ o —J CD CO to' ^ -^ W •-J — -^oi • to CM «0 Tfi t^ CM 00 CM OI ■* CD . I^ ^ Ci CD 1 ^ CM CD O) 00 ^ Olio rt CM t^ CM •CO CO to CO cm'i^ tC^ co'oTco CM ■* . tC^ e» 00^f,^„ <=iOiOO>OCM OiOO^CD ■-ICO Irt tOcO-* ■ 10 00 1^ t^ r-co • OOlO^Oi CM t~^ t^ CM CO 5o 00 CD 00 00 "icD O t" CO CD - ^ - - 1^ -^ ^ 00 rH oi i^ ^ cii oi to '. CM OC 10 to t t^ CD CM CO Oi CM Oi • CO CM 10 CD . CM ofoTi-T »-> ^^ CO O) CO rtco IcM "3 »9 a lo r^ »ooo CO OCO— itO 'to •CO CO t-ii^-Hooira to t^ OI •00 -It . ira CM oooi i^ r^ tO' oi 00 CO 00 ■ to to oi t^Oi •*•* to rfO-* CO 000 . r-- : ^ s •r^^ t^tO I-OCO-* coo • to o ■^f-T CO -<' of i-HCM ■ CO Vl o a, »? SJ-f 10 -1* ■^ t^ r^ko to to ip c3 ^ 00 CD CM 00OI^- 10 r^ 01 T3 s ^- fl »» Sfi »o o »oc OOi -^ -r <>l^rococ CDOiOt^ >< St-: CM CM CO o<>» CO to CO »o c ^ • oi 01 CO lO — 1 r-l CO OI (P ■* DO s 3 it O z .2 • CJ < g g ^ 0, I bjO^ !■§ c3 o n Srs" ■ ^z. C3 a OJ g g C3 3 ; 5; tS 3-C •;3'^ > Sot bjO o T3 ^ 0^ it. '^ a u >> : s c3 'c c a 01 2 ■5 f«'n :3 = 2 M.2 0^ &^ .C30g-H li I -t-i ZJ j3 a;!g 2 2~ 3 C c3 3 M a 3 -S r -s n S" 3 " « a p. fi f' PL, c ti: -im p: (I,p- (1. t- c fai-5 EXPENDITUKES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 13 OOi-HOOOi-^-^ OOCj o-^ COiC CC C000'— iOi(NiO ■•CN 00 c-i CN CO o TT ci CO (M h- T-H 00 O CO Ol CO -^ »0 CM co'cd^'^Ci ^■^ COCJiO CSCO C^(N'X!CO»0'*-*c005«f:5-*'-H^COO'^ 0"*J^o cooi idoi'^cDcd'^'S^oocdc^idcNicJt^cd'-H C<» lO O ^O 00 O Oi C5 -^ CO O O '^ 00 t- lOCO 00 -* o Cl -^ rp Oi O T-< o: lO -^ ■^ CO Ci CO OO 00 «-< Tt< CO CO lO CO ^c^'S ic id oi t^ oi cft o cs CO r c£: ^ ^ „ 5j lO Oi .— . c coocococo»o OO (N C »OiO 00iO• •—< CO r^ »0 CO CO ■-< CO CO 00^ lO I^ 05 Ol t- Oi ■^ 00 o; CO -^ CO TT TT CS i-(S lO to (N CO OO O h^ o CO CO r^ o lO GC.-H OJ OCS SIR tc as r-JCO -^ t^ 00 8r-< r^ lO r^ CO t^ "^ r* OiOt^C^OOCOOS c^oooiocoGO'^ido Trcooi^c^t-Ht^^o W CD n ,'r " o a C^ i o •r) n , .2 V ^ 3 p. p. -^ 3 i > a Ui 0^ .H a 3 S o g §3 B'oj*— c c/i c gg £;'6£.Eg' ■2i S o S t~, u o bt ► SfA hph ;iirt a 73 - ?5 03 ^ -> ^ ■— O; ^ i_ I . OJ £+^ ^i-s X § o <^-7r. .^ o -Frs oj S ^ S 2 ' iPnpH<;eomcoPMi-i&HpMap 2=5 t- X OJ 14 EXPENDITURES FOE NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 8 S 0\ ,-1 KO o\ o s s ^ o> CO .-H '*=^ ^ s o ^ Ol - °Ch t- (~ n OJ C 2 E&gS St; 5 . a t- » c o _ .2 tnX] &H iz; a ^'-' !f?"T^« oj c . > C fl ^ C3 S ^•3 . K^ s i^.2 !(?Sq 'S K ^ p 9 S EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 15 9,995.45 47,610.82 12,646.62 16,760,043.05 102,283.07 16,657,759.98 5,820.54 174,113.80 ■ 00 i ^ 1 h.r CM _CO "d" «o" c/j- ,-H c-i t^ tOrt d -^ Oi '-O OCOiO § s CC CO CO oT 00 C-* Ci> 00 jj do Oi CO 10 CM 01 1 '^" ^ CO • en ■0 01 (M O t^ CO -^00 doi>ra '«J' ^ QO OJ(M O 00 CO ,-<' d 05 1 Si oi" (N d" o> cs" ^ 1 i S3 § r- cr. 00 v-T "^ CO S ^3 d d 06 00 00 to d MJ" c- :o CO" CO cc d ■ CO ^ ^j CO d .-H •-H >o d" r-T (N" ■M CO 00 d d co" rt 00 1 s 2 ^ ij^ § co" CT> 00 lO CO >o ,-H CO CO 06 00 d s CO i 05 r- CO 06' ■^ c:5 ^ to 00 T-H CO OJ 20 d CO 5 s 00 of 00 OS P g 23 d ^ oi g 00 CO 00 00 CO 10 co" (M »o 00" 00 -^ 00 > c a c a S a cS M c c _o 1 PL, c T3-3 Oi « t-< a i-s c3 m > 11 = ■a*^ a IF 0^ C ?^ f^¥ ~ » ■" c c c y aj In addition the following payments were made by, or inidcr the general direc- tion of,theForest Service: Eefimds to contributors, unex- pended balances of coopera- tive contributions 0.^ .ti cc |.i S e Payments to States and Terri- tories, national forest funds (10 and 25 per cent of receipts from national forest resources). C3 M a ■5 « li ^ l.i s| C3 Payments to ludianson account of timber sale receipts on for- mer Uinta Indian lands (33 Stat., 1070) ■a B S Pm >2 • c : ; "ca ■ ■3 : - > m T3 a 1 , T3 C3 S ■■3 ^ a -1 M d •73 », ^ d "qj 3 go 6-0 ac3 o " ci d n=b 3 c3 £x3 S **"" ..hers ^ c o S'g " ^3 "> ,^ t-i • ^ >» " S 2 Ip 5 c3'rt 16 EXPENDITUKES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. ^ 0) 11 2*C a Ph ° 2 be PtH Pi Ph O t. .3 Pi P< S o S p c3 O 60 -^ Pi |>. ^^ s ® rt o 2^ Pl^ • S >? . i~^ o s Oi CI (^ o Oj f^ o ■^ '^^" <@ m »o o o ^ ,_- •* lO fa o ci3 «» Q 9? bi r3 C c3 6C c c ■c Ph ■TS PI O) oor^'-'QOi-i loooc .-* CO t-H i-H o OJ O r-t •* Ir^ r ■* ^ Ol rH 00 i-H t^ CO 00 OcO'-tOOO^OO'^C I C O "^ lO C^ Oi i-t O -** CO <^ I^ - 1-1 oa; o o - -OLOiOOOOtMtXO'MiO^ h- cc o o c> CO (M iCM O CO "* ^ CO O CO CO -^ »o o G<6 1^ w I -^ O 1^ ■* "O I^ CO iC »o CI »o CO '^ (M r-. ^ Ol Ci --O CO '-' lo : ' o ^ c^ 00 CO o w •— a- ^ . rt^cO ^ . O-H o :?5 ^ -rfi oi «5 T-H bo — o t^ r--^ a: r-^ cc r- ic -tf CO o 00 r^ Oi -<** --I Oi 1-1 Ol Oi CM CO M C ''f rH CO f- CO »o »o t- r- lO CO CO OC t-^ CO i^ t-^ CO "^ t^ t^ >o Ct CO ^ C^ »0 CO 00 00 CO o oi ■^ *o MCOC< ^ -^COCOC^IO CO (N O^ --H ,-H 00 OO O (M '^ CO O I— < lo CI t- CO Oi 00 -^COr-* cs r-- -^ ^ r— '^ (N O (M O CO o (>i o i-o C^l C^ W (N -W r^co" co" C^ CO -^ fO "^ t^ CO t- C^ CO 00 c^ lO O CO CJCO*'3 CO CO t^ oi CO ** CI CO i-t CO r^ c^ CO Ol (M CO 00 O »o"cr cfr-T'^ C^ Ol CO »0 lO N r> r^ 00 CO o ^ S^ O -t CI CO i-H 9 ^ . 2 h'f t7. = -co ^ *s! ^ o a " 1 J2 5 "J^ !=; C- > -e c3 tj:-^ Is?. ^^^ EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 17 s i CO OS s 03 o OJ CD 00 oo" 00 00 a O a * bo's || c c fa tiC"*- 3 S^ o ^ s f^ 6X3 P o <1o O --3 03 '+-' Oi ^ eS

O C 05 p.r-| ;-4 Q^ 73 Q; 0) > n:^ ^-^ OS" <^ " =3 £ o fJ rH K Or^ c c Ol'+H -^ ??"'^ *' a « c 00 O OJ ^ ^ -^■^ 03 C ^ fl— 1 ■4-i !- c3 O op o "^ a d '^'^ .2 - ^ '-r-l 02 c3 c3 c S O-S 2 ^ :=! . H _i2 fc. g o 52§ c^ o o CO oo'«r ■*T C'l l^ ^ lO 1>* CO CC O O GT) Ol O Xt CTi OS GO CO 1— < tf^ 00 ^ t^ o CO o" l-H CO 05»0 CO ■— < Ol CO .-4 CO -r ^-H r* .-H lo o CO O i-H r- -^ C .— I a© - - - CO X/ 0> X CO lO 00 Oi CO CQ O CO CT. CO OS .-H O CO c^i r-5 1-^ d c^ o 1— I TT [-- :0 t^ -JD ^ --H '^ .— I X O tr; c-i a> CI t-^ ■^ e^CN CO »C iM _ •O -^ h- CO CT> O o oo o o ^ O 0> O) Cs O) o^ m c3 «C3 « s ■3 &. a !/l 0) rt rn 73 a s-< <1) C3 '■' 4) r^ tc -*^ :S-a '=> be c3 5 ^1 t^ r— 1 O) fl:> Oh > r^ 03 ^ Ph (/J .- - 5.2 o 41 ^ 3 " 2 "p. P< |5 I is O 03 t3 a> _^ •^-^ o* §.-3 3 ^H c3 • w c3 3 oj - -.2j= • '^tj '" 53 £ « S Sop O (S gi-i - ~ 0; " s-i 03 03 rt > g-2o -2 g o -sa^ g«:a aaa a^ f^ •a-rr 03 ^ Pl M O 03 -4-. 1=1 - O "IT O § e -^^ o p< ^ ^ OS ■3 ^00 ^ c-Jco' OS 3 OS OB »o "^ CS i 158 CO 00 OS i CO l-H CCQO OS 00 ro 00 i 00 OS TO 8S OS OS 00^ -^ OS CO(M CO 00 00 OS 1 CO CO u CO 00 s OS g s g i i i as 1 So 00 So « 00 1-H 00 in oc oc : t 'J c E- ^H I ^ CO H. Doc. 681, 62-2 2 18 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL, FOREST ADMINISTRATION. te; '3 o S8 GO ^ o SS o> to CO 00 o5 1 CO o ?5 00 ■o 1 55 -T 00 o 00 00 o a ■* f-H O OS 00 »o CO t-^ CO CO cc 0001 CC •O 01 CO o> 5 i CO (35 CO r^ Ol ^ CO 00 T ■» 'T oi oi tc lOO) O -3^ o TT C^ C^l CD 00 Oi s •J i ■V CO So OO 00 ■o 1 CD O) 00 o 00 1 IM 0) 00 (M i 00 a> 00 2 S 2 si 05 C3J CO CO 00 °. CO § CO C^' o lO o o CO p i 1 CD 00 i 00 00 1 00 CO >o So 1 00 s §8 i 2 CD 1^ ^1 C '^ "" c go i a _. o o S '^ a? ^c3jai «sP u c« "o -Is cc o c -^ ■£ ■HJC c § ° c o c a O-i- o ■3 Eh •- t '41 c a U S g S ?: EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 19 III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account oj which expenditures shown above were made. 1. The permanent improvements in the national forests on June 30, 1910, were reported as follows: states and Terri- tories. Roads. Trails. Tele- phone lines. Fences. Fire lines. Cabins. Bams. Corrals. Bridges. Alaska Miles. Miles. Miles. Miles. Miles. Number. 3 100 10 200 124 2 123 1 Number. Number. Number. 158 26 117 77 255 112 1,034 581 285 1.285 622 240 6 195 308 3 163 45 70 1 78' 20 ""'iss' ""m 48 7 108 68 1 62 1 35 5 Arkansas 32 36 1 24 35 Colorado 18 Florida 1 Idaho 141 1,194 723 17 49 Kansas 15 1,190 42 697 107 26 345 6 215 6 13 264 4 138 6 13 68 2 98 3 7 43 162 11 1 1 29 21 Nevada 4 347 North Dakota... 8 223 "i,'i24' 3 254 673 393 3 440 16 327 161 449 18 187 26 63 54 119 4 36 15 17 24 29 ii' 1 103 16 46 52 61 4 23 South Dakota Utah 161 33 238 8 8 Washington 13 11 15 Total 1,288 7,175 5,552 1,886 519 1,070 573 193 188 2. The records of the property auditor show the following items of nonexpendable property on hand June 30, 1910, in the various district and forest headquarters: No. 152 248 30 6 4 9 5 165 203 1 13 50 2 1,132 1 3,485 Article. Adzes Alidades'. Ordinary Telescopic Ammeters Anchors Andirons Anemometers Annunciators Anvils Apparatus: Aneroid testing Compression tests Distillation Distilling, Buehl's Extraction and steam distillation Loading, third-point Naphthalene Shaking Steam, with tripod Attachments: Auto drilling Clear phone Focusing Portrait Augers: Assorted Post Autoclave Automatics, noiseless, typewriter Awnings Axes: Marble Marking Background, photo Value. $333. 71 679. 52 3,900.00 27.40 42.85 9.00 225.00 82.80 1,294.33 90.00 5.80 31.04 7.75 200.00 10.00 20.00 13.00 10.00 3.50 3.00 10.00 .50 281.19 23.15 59.50 21.00 263.60 4.50 3,282.80 3.00 697.00 20 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June SO, 1910, on account oj which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. 4 27 171 125 1 2 16 878 72 23 5 445 1 1 1 13 1 4 4 1 5 2 4 61 4 1 80 18 303 2 3 4 2 2 6 1 206 2,266 2 2 478 391 2 1 15 2 1 37 122 3 2 6 2 23 1 1 3 1 3 2 Duffle Mail, canvas, and leather Packsaddle (pairs) Saddle (pairs) Sleeping Tool Ball bearings Bars, crow, etc Bark blazers Bark peelers or spuds Barographs Barometers: Aneroid Bunson's syphon United States Signal Service Barrel, steel Baskets: Galvanized-iron Test-tube Baths: Blotter Dip Parafflne, copper Water Batteries, storage Beam rests Beds Bells: Brass, boat Electric, door Electric, extension Bellows Belts, lineman's Benches: Cabinetmaker's Carpenter's Chemical, work (complete with hooded bases, tops, and sinks) Saw, Oliver '. Bicyles Bins, flour Binder, staple Binoculars Bits: Auger, brace, etc Guy Blackboards Blankets, assorted Blocks and pulleys Blocks, saw-setting Blower: Fan Forge Blowpipes ; Blowpiping set Boards: Army sketching Drawing Map Pressing blue prints Sketching Trimming Boats Boiler: Copper pan Range Steam Boots, rubber (pairs) Borers, cork (set) Bottles, water, acid-proof Boxes: Blue-print paper Bread Copper , Filing, metal Fixing Flour, tin Herbarium Iron , for sealers Mail Or chests, mess and grub EXPENDITUEES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 21 III. Pei-vianent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. Article. Value. Boxes — Continued. Metal , cash , Miter Negative developing , Tent Tool, fire-flghling Wagon Braces: Canopy-top, launch Carpenter's Drill Brackets: Mission Tilting ( pairs) , Bread raisers Bridles Bromides Buffers, shoeing Burners: Alcohol, Barthel Bunsen, etc Hot-plate Burnishers Burros Cabinets: Hamilton (printing outfit) Ink and roller (printing outfit ). . Kitchen Phonograph Cage, steel Calipers: Carpenters' and machinists' Steel,~ metric Tree— 18-inch 24-inch 34-inch 48-inch, Minnesota model 50-inch 60-inch Vernier Cameras: 4 by 4, Century 4 by 4, Hawkeye 4 by 4, Premo 5 by 7, Century 5 by 7, Premo 5 by 7, Press Graflex 5 by 8, Naturalist's 6| by 8*, City View and Studio . 8 by 10, Century View 8 by 10, copying, S. & A 8 by 10, enlarging and reducing.. UJ by 6i bv 7, Panorama 14 by 17, copying, S. & A 24 bv 24, copying, Anthony 34 by 34, copying, S. & A.". Lucida Seneca View Cans: Ash Bread Drip Flour Galvanized Garbase Soil, aluminum Sugar ■Water Canoes Cant hooks and peavies Cantinas (pairs) Canvas, kitchen, 7 by 9 feet Cars, carts, and trucks Carpet Carriers: B undle Hay Timber Cart, road $10. 10 57. 25 6.00 11.30 518.35 37.00 6.00 490. 86 21.15 16.20 1.95 8.25 233. 90 , 085. 76 41.76 12.75 65.57 7.25 2.00 161.00 26.50 9.31 40.00 7.50 70.00 14.50 5.00 8.33. 98 445.50 031. 48 .30.00 259. 28 549. 44 30.00 397.00 180.00 45.00 235.00 140.00 110.00 260. 50 21.00 40.00 20.00 38.00 25.50 50.00 98.50 300. 00 12.00 166. 80 35.45 .50 2.00 1.25 13.80 110.35 161.50 .45 15.00 218. 25 792. 46 14.85 2.00 170. 30 50.00 2.50 5.25 35.08 10.00 22 EXPENDITUEES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. III. Permanent improvements, equipment , etc., on hand June SO, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. No. Article. 37 28 1 1 1 1 30 19 251 1 3.51 7,887 8 2 1 1 399 1 19 186 2 1 12 7 4 3 948 4 7 1 2 3 1 20 2 16 58 2 135 52 782 5,164 1 4 29 3 1 36 1 638 51 1 1 1 37 3 11 47 23 4 1 15 409 1 4 Cases: Army sketching hoard Atlas, steel Binocular (extra) Blank (printing outfil ) Book Botanist's collecting Caliper— 34-inch 50-inch Camera Canvas, for carrying poles Compass, leather Filing and storage, assorted Instrument Lantern Lantern slides Leveling rod Manuscript carrying, leather Map, galvanized iron Map, wall, California Map and tripod Medicine Metal furniture (printing outfit) News Planetable and traverse board Plate-carrying Quad and space (printing outfit) Rangers, metal Rule and blank (printing outfit) Sketch-board, canvas Standard, Hamilton (printing outfit) Suit, special Test-set, leather Thermometer Two-thirds (printing outfit) Typewriter, leather Casks". Chains: Assorted Fifth Log Proof test (feet) Surveyor's — 33 feet 66 feet Chairs, stools, etc Charger, battery Chases (printing outfit) Chests: Carpenter's Ice Instrument Wood, field Chiffonier Chisels, wood Choppers, meat and food Chuck: Drill Lathe Clamp: Belt Carpenter's Eccentric Haven Laboratory, assorted Lineman's Mai. C Parallel Saw or vises Toolmaker's, Starrett's Clariphone Cleavers Climbers, lineman's and tree (pairs) Clinchers, nail Clinometers Clippers: Horse Pruning Clocks: Assorted Watchman 's EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 23 III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. Article. Coils: Spark. Repeating. Come-alongs . . , Compasses: Barbow. . . Beam Box, pocket . . F. S. standara , Forester's Mariner's Planetable Pocket- Sight Watch Prismatic Solar. Surveyor s Compression collars (sets). Compressometers Compasses, Brinton Compressors, air Comptometers Condensers; Abbe. Aclrromatic Surface Cones, platinum, filter Connectors, or clamps, splicing Containers, calorimeter Controllers, motor-speed Cookers, tireless Coolers; water Costumers and hatracks ... Cots :.... Countershafts Covers: Crucible, platinum Drawing-board Pack Stack \\ agon Crimpers, cap Crucibles, platinum Cultivators, assorted Cups, grease Curves, draftsman's Cushions, assorted Cutters: Feed Glass, diamond-point Lead, Success (printing outfit) Milling, high-speed Paper — Dietzgen Hanging Pipe Steel Stovepipe Washer Cylinders Brass Calcium gas Impregniling Standaiil washiiic; With treating car , Dado-heads Dark room, collapsible , Deflectomelers Derricks and equipment Desks, assorted Developers, film Diamond, glazier's Dibbles.. Dies: Forest Service, etc , Pipe Pipe (sets) Round, "U.S.S.," etc Steel,"U.S." Stock (sets) Die Dlates and dies Value. $12. (K) 24. 20 2.S. 40 40.00 78.40 1,680.25 i. 082. 90 4.50 8.50 15.00 1,719.60 82.50 138. 00 195.50 1,600.35 26.20 70.00 !, 408. 00 •281. 63 !,S50.00 3.15 27.00 166.00 6.00 936. 12 7.00 27.50 11.15 254. 74 486. 83 700.07 62.00 6.00 1.25 89.15 25.00 343.34 2.60 40.00 238.97 2.75 381.89 33.00 18.00 5.00 7.80 10.80 .40 1.50 63.54 .65 3.50 .75 100.00 36.00 31.50 209.00 210.00 644. 00 52.10 9.00 423.00 202.09 ,679.73 3.20 i:88 .75 ,202.85 3.00 19.76 28.30 2.60 6.50 20.58 24 EXPENDITURES FOE NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June SO, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. No. Article. Value. 1 Digester: Rotary, soda $20 00 2 Wood-pulp 950.00 43 Di-'rtrs: Post-hole 68.20 2 Tree 37.50 1 Disiies: Aluminum .60 1 EvaporatiuK 4.80 3 Platinum 96 33 13 Dispensers, liquid soap 32.50 8 Disseclinc; sets 21.60 1 Distributors: Gas 3.00 1 Pressboard 7 SO 6 Dividers: Carpenter's 3.35 1791 Draftsman's assortt a 2 784.77 3 4.30 1 Universal 15. ct S . . 3.00 1 1 50 37 Doubletrees 101 80 4 Drags, fire 320. 00 2 Dramers, cellar 26.00 1 3.15 2 Drifts, drill .90 4 Drills: Automatic 10.65 1 Bencli 3.00 4 Garden-seed 39 15 1 20.00 6 Pipe 3.05 1 14 00 9 Ratchet 6.50 1 70.00 8 Star 4.90 26 25.91 17 Drums: 153. 50 4 Steel, black 29.00 1 Dvnamo, Fisher 48 25 2 Ejectors 6.30 14 73.42 1 Engines: 150.00 1 Distillate 224 00 7 Gasoline ] 038.40 2 Estimators, timber 50.00 63 319 90 3 E veners 5 58 C. 52.70 26 Exposuremeters 23 40 12 ■ Pvroeide 30.00 2 18.50 206 Underwriters 2 398 80 2 24.00 260 Fans, electric 2, 965. 45 100 187 00 22 Figures, steel, 0-9 (sets) 45.70 3 Ray 4.40 1 Water 4.50 1 Finder, view, Ingento 3.50 2 4.58 2 Flags: 8 00 1 10 bv 20 feet 9.50 1 18 feet 11.25 3 Ensign 5.75 2 3.25 5 Special 5.25 1 2 40 4 Flasks (printing outfit) 11.75 1 Flies, tent: 7 bv 7 feet 3.80 3 11 34 1 7 bv 10 feet 5.00 65 341.25 1 9 by 12 feet 4.50 6 28.09 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 25 III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account oj which expenditures shou-n above were made — Continued. Flies, tent — Continued. 10 by 20 feet llbv Hfeet 12 by 12 feet 12 by Hfeet 12 bv 15 feet 12 bv 19 feet 14 bv 14 feet 14 bv 16feet 16bV2pfRet 30by.?ofeet MiscellaneoLis Floats: Copper Horse Forceps, laboratory Forges Forks, raising Frames: Hayrack Iron, for shear piec-es Map Printing— 4 by 5 inches 5 by 7 inches 6i by ^ inches 8 bv 10 inches 10 by 12 inches 11 by 13 inches 1 1 by 14 inches 11 by If) inches 12 by 14 inches 13 by 16 inches 14 by 17 inches 17 by 18 inches 18 by 22 inches 15 by 30 inches 20 by 24 inches 24 by 30 inches 26 by 36 inches 30 by 40 inches 30 bv 42 inches 32 bv 44 inches 36 by 48 inches miscellaneous 16 by 20 inches panorama vacuum. Retouching Froes Furnaces, combustion Galleys (printing outfit) Gauges: Battery Bit Center Chemical Drill gatchet on-case Lumber Marking Micrometer depth Music wire OU Paring Pica, nonpareil (printing outfit) Planer and shaper Pressure Rain and snow Saw Screw- Pitch Thread Thickness or slot Turning Universal surface Vacuum Wire Gears (pairs) $4.50 4.50 6. .35 46. .30 12. .50 5.00 4,323.90 S3.. 50 25.00 31.25 20.00 11.50 1.40 6.40 1,708.88 2.75 10.00 25.00 10.50 .80 16.40 13.00 7.70 5.15 3.00 10.00 10.19 3.00 3.00 15.00 5.00 10.00 2.50 2.50 349.24 7.50 3.40 153.10 44.00 45.00 5.60 8.70 10.00 25.00 12.00 120. 32 150.00 5.13 10.00 .60 .30 42.60 4.60 .35 20.00 14.00 8. .30 5.00 1..50 23.45 .50 .90 2.00 222.29 .55. 75 40.71 2.50 2.00 1.20 .50 3.00 100.08 9.00 7.50 26 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. No. Article. 1 1 1 1 144 2 1 24 16 2 7 1 12 24 1 1 1 656 4 356 2 34 8 6 117 2,443 228 801 3 1 1 12 70 4 74 1 11 5 61 1 1,940 1 1 2 12 2 1 136 2 3 1 345 1 1 2 7 1 1 27 24 12 7 17 38 1 13 Generator: Gas Steam Telephone Glasses: Focusing Magnifying— Barrel Draftsman's 2-lens 3-lens Vest-pocket Reducing, draftsman's Grabhooks, etc Graders, road Grates: Camp Fireplace Gravers, engraver's Griddles Grinders: Bench Sickle Twist-drill, Yankee Grindstones Grips or telescopes Grips, Buffalo Guides: Saw Stock Guns, shot Hacks, turpentine Halters Hammers: Assorted Farrier's Marking Handcuffs (pairs) Handles: Coning-tool Truck-base Engraver's, Buren Hardies, anvil Harness: Dog (sets) Double (sets) Pack (sets) Single (sets) Single plow (sets) Harrows Hatchets: Combination, for telephone Marking Heaters: Gasoline (printer's outfit) Glue Soldering iron Tent Hectographs Heliostat Hobbles (pairs) Hoes, wheel Hoists Hoists, differential Holders: Blank Boring-tool , Krieger Drill and reamer Gas Laboratory, clamp Mail-bag Map Plate— 4 by 5 inch 5 by 7 inch 5 by 8 inch 6i by 8i inch 6i by 8i inch (Seneca view). 8'by lO'inch Leather Miscellaneous • Cost included in cost of cameras 5 by 8 inches. 2 Cost of 12 included in cost of cameras, Seneca view. EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 27 III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account oj which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. No. Article. 2 Holders— Continued. Roll- 4 by 5 inch 5 by 7 inch Teleptione Tool, Armstrong Hole borer Hones: Lithographic Razor , Hoods- Canvas, searchlight Chemical Hooks: Boat Pruning Shave, plumber's Swamp With rings Horses Hose (feet) Hot well Hydrometers do Hypsometers, assorted Hypsometer-grodemeters Igniters Indicator, speed Inkstands, Altenede, pen-filling. Instruments, drafting (sets) Irons: Branding Chopping-board Clamp (pairs) Clinching Flat Grab Soldering Soldering, electric Jacks: Grubbing Riehle Wagon Screws Jars Keys: Lock,F. S Water Knives: Brush Butcher Draw Electrician's Farrier's French Hay Leather Microtome Pocket Press button Pruning Shingle Kodaks: 3-A 4-A 5 by 4 inches 7 by 5 inches Ladders, step, etc Lamps Blast, laboratory Dark-room Electric Electric, pocket Flashlight Motor-cycle and bracket Lathes , Launches , Leads, sounding , Lenses, assorted Letters, steel (set) Letter plates (sets.) Value. $180.00 29.50 191. 40 3.00 2.86 3.00 5.54 1.00 165.00 .90 2.25 .25 n.51 1.10 17, 808. 50 796. 56 100.00 23. 50 23.50 1,500.00 636. 25 70.55 3.15 4.80 189.00 165.25 9.00 12 00 .50 3.96 2 50 22.50 1.50 1.32 42.00 11.75 40.20 3.75 1, 124. 42 2.50 4.00 202 00 257.15 28.58 210.68 .75 6.50 2 00 15.00 2.50 1.00 6.00 3.50 42.50 1,750.00 1,550.00 588.00 193.00 200.00 20.00 4.50 248.35 13.85 18.00 14.75 500.00 14,367.79 .70 1,650.96 31.85 6.50 28 EXPENDITURES FOE NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. 34 330 3 4 1 213 1 12 1 3 2 6 2,298 1 3,300 1 1 1 7 2 1 2 6 4 1 7 1 2 3 2 3 2 1 97 1 1 1 3 1 1 6 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 20 13 1 12 30 70 1 1 1 1 1 14 2 6 1 1 2 12 127 155 Levels: Abney Carpenter's Cross- test Engineer's, Y For leveling rod Locke Triangle ditch Life preservers Lights: Combination, for launch Head Search Side Linoleum (square yards) Loading device for' testing beams Locks, pad, F. S Locker Log, taffrail Lubricator Machines: Adding— Burroughs Dal ton Pike Universal, electric ■ Wales Blue-printing Blue-printing {\\ agenhurst ) Boring Calculus Cement-block Computing— Dactyle Thatcher's Drafting Impact testing Milling, Garvin Numbering Paper — Pusey-Jones Cutting Perforating Riveting Rotary grinding Shoeing Shaving, phonograph Stencil cutting Stitching Tenon Testing— Olscn Ri'-hle Torsional, Riehle Trenching Wood-chipping Magnets Magnets, bar Magnifier for slide rule Mantas Maps, special Marlinspikes Martingales Mattresses Mauls Measure: Half-bushel Light Map Megaphone Met ronomes Micrometers (including calipers and thicki.css gauges) Micrometers, stage Microscopes Microtomes: Bench Hand Minot automatic precision Mills, fanning Mimeographs » Mirrors EXPENDITUBES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 29 III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June SO, 1910, on account oj which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. Article. Value. Mirrors, angle Mixer, cement Minoculars Mortars and pestles Mortars, electric Mortiser, toot-power Motor, water Motorcycles Molds, "paper Mowers, lawn and horse Muffler, telephone Mules Neostyles, electri* Nets, fly Nipperand liammer, wire Nose pieces Nummerirschlagels Oars (pairs) Oars (single) Oarlocks (pairs) Objectives Odometers. Oilers Oilstones Outnts: Cooking— 1-man , 2-man 4-man , Photomicrographic Repair Tape repair Ovens:- Drying Drvtng, electric Dutch Laboratory, bomb Portable, soil Paddles, canoe Pans, gold Pantographs Paper-roll Parallels, adjustable Parer, apple PauUns Pedometer Pens; Dotting, with cases Draftsman's, assorted Fountain Stylographic Perforator, Damon (printing outfit) . Phonographs Photometers Pick, ice Pillows (pairs) Pincers, clamp Pinions, motor driving Planes, carpenter's Planers: Berlin And jomters^ Clement's Oliver And mallets Proof (printing outfit) Planetables Planimeters Planographs Planters: Ball Seed, com, etc Plates: Electric, hot Steel Pliers, pincers, etc Plows Plows, carpenter's Plumb-bobs $142.00 24.95 4,968.21 3.63 2, 028. 63 50.00 12.00 655. 00 22.63 1,141.15 5.00 2, 324. 00 420. 00 14.50 .90 5.00 20.00 59.61 3.40 6. 50 164. 00 30.00 28.25 41.00 80.00 24.00 8.30 487. 35 5.00 233.75 343. 40 78.00 422. 40 38.00 25.00 18.00 12.00 63. 84 1.25 2.00 2.25 815.90 4.50 8.00 2, 388. 25 4, 476. 60 9.78 4.90 2,536.47 70.00 .50 20.75 29.00 15.00 1,329.07 382. 00 1.50. 00 283. 50 .65 .50 16.00 1,911.55 6.75 2.14 209. 70 14.40 14.08 1.734.39 2,018.76 5.65 109.25 > Cost of 30 included in cost of 30 Alidades, telescopic 30 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION, III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. No. Article. 74 67 3 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 1 31 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 2 7 1,399 1 9 15 13 3 13 5 6 2 1 20 4 3 1 1 10 2 1 1 6 107 6 4 1 1 9 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 17 4 13 61 18 2 45 1 2 4 1,743 o 4 2 2 Poles: Pike Range Pole rests (or deadmen) Post, drilling Pot, fire Pot, glue Pot, solder, and ladle Presses: Drill Hay Copying Herbarium Letter Mimeograph Molding (printing outfit) Mounting Printing, job Pulp Seal Tablet (printing outfit) Tincture, laboratory Pricker, alteneder Propellers, reversing Protectograph, check Protractors Bevel Vernier, with arm Psychrometers Pullers: Nail Spike Staple Pumps: Air Bilge Centrifugal Cistern Filter Force Horizontal Oil Rotary Spray Steam Tank Vacuum Water Punches: Assorted Atlas, "Baimer" Shoeing Pyrometer, Whipple Racks: Book Cooking Hay Lead, Wisconsin (printing outfit) Map Map-tube Negative Paper Stationery Wall Radiator, gas Rakes, hay, horse Rams, hydraulic Range finders Reamers Receivers, rubbish Reels and barrows Reels, hose, wire, etc Reflector, searchlight Refractometers Refrigerators Registers: Tally Telephone Regulators, gas, pressure Retorts, copper Revolvers EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 31 III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June SO, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. Rifle Robes, buggy Rods: Fishing Leveling and stadia. . . Transit Rolls, map: Assorted Jenkins Johnston Roll cutters, paper Roller, print Rolling cutter Roulettes, engravers' Rugs Rules: Board Boxwood — 6-ineh 12-inch Curve Folding — 12-inch 24-inch 6-foot Hook Metal, 12-inch Metric Miscellaneous Parallel Scalers' Slide Steel, B & S Sacks: ~ Canvas, for saddle Pack Saddles: Pack Riding Safes: lion Screen meat Samplers, soil, or geotomes Saws: Band Band (Oliver) Circular Crosscut, hand, etc Cut-ofI, one-swing Hack (frames) Hack, special Ice Meat Metal slitting Nut Sawmills Saw sets Saw sets , circular Saw tools (sets). Scales: 3-uich 4-inch 6-inch 9-inch 24-inch Scales and lialances Scalers, tie Scalpels Scoops, grain Scows Scrapers: Box Drag and road Engravers' (Printing outfit) Soldering iron Screens: . Fire Portable Pulp Seed-cleaning Stereopticon $9.00 14.85 3.00 992.67 1.65 36.00 ,079.00 77.00 1.25 2.50 1.50 10.00 475. 05 5.50 526. 12 993.63 8.85 1.00 28.25 1.25 1.25 491.65 1.50 3.00 72.35 , 776. 76 455. 87 9.50 3.50 45.50 ,479.66 , 110. 99 , 407. 00 1.00 122.00 17.49 308.00 74.60 ,072.85 100.00 7.20 42.75 3.75 110. 86 3.65 1.25 405. 50 223.23 10.00 82.50 .50 2.80 1.00 5.60 3.00 ,•276.92 5.00 1.00 1.50 218. 42 .80 426. 78 3.00 .50 .50 15.00 208.00 525.00 2.25 11.00 32 EXPENDITUEES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. No. 43 16 39 1 6 1,028 1 2 1 1 9 1 12 1 3 11 27 1 54 3,193 2 5 20 3 1 1 1 224 1 2 5 15 2 1 5 99 3 2 1 1 1 16 1 1 3 29 18 4 1 1 33 1 16 1 6 21 36 2 953 1 851 17 2 1 22 1 27 1 26 8 750 13 21 Article. Screen plates, pulp Screws: Bench Hand Screw-drivers Screw-driver set Screw plates (sets) Sciibes, timber Scriber Seals, for lead buttons Seat^ buggy Section lifter Section liners Seed mixer and sampler Settees Shaper, crank, Cincinnati Sharpeners: Cork borers Pencil Shears: Brush and hedge Cogged Pruning Sheaths, ax, etc Sheaves, triplex hoist Sheets: Bed, canvas Seeds Shelves, reference, etc Shield, canvas Shutter: Graflex, focal plane Zeiss, convertible Sickles and scythes Side files, saw Sieves or riddles, grain Sieves, laboratory, brass Sieves and screens, sand Sights, level (pairs) Signal, code (set) Sign markers, Easey, etc Singletrees , Sinks Skiis (pairs) Slab: Imposing (printing outfit) Ink (printing outfit) Mixing (printing outfit) Sleds and sleighs Slicker Sling for condenser Slips Snips, tinners' Snowshoes (pairs) Sockets for H. & M. thermometers Sockets, lathe Sparker Speeders, railroad Splines (set) Spokeshaves Spools, wire Sprays or sprayers Springs, bed Sprinklers and nozzles Spuds, stump and digging Squares: Carpenter's Miter Tee Stands: Dictionary Double news (printing outfit) I. C. with swing-out Abbe condenser 1 laboratory, assorted Micrometer Miscellaneous For oil-jacketed cylindrical retort. . . Phonograph Telephone Typewriter Wash Water cooler EXPENDITUEES FOR NATIONAL. FOEEST ADMINISTRATION. 33 III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June SO, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. No. Article. Value. 10 Steels, butchers' $14. 35 65 Stencils: Sets 79.49 69 Miscellaneous 63.65 4 Stereopticons 248.45 40 Sticks: Biltmore 40.00 1 Composing (printing outfit) 1.20 2 Job 4.60 3 Stills, water ISO. 00 16 Stocks and dies (sets) 106.44 34 Stocks, die 35.50 2 Stocks, pipe 12.00 18 Stones, lithographic 293. 94 6 Stops, bench 3.80 2 Alcohol ... 10.50 2 Electric 10.70 6 Gas 25.65 2,058 6 29, 981. 23 Oil 34 40 473 474. 35 3 Strainers 5 25 1 Bed (pairs) 2.75 1 Plant-press (pairs) .75 21 Stretchers: 76 15 2 Fence 15 00 274 420 11 22 Supports, laboratory, assorted 7.97 5 5.70 1 Sweepers, carpet 3.50 9 188 10 1 Syringes, horse 1.25 2 Adjustable support, laboratory 4.50 1,331 13 101.08 141 Drafting 1 581 33 1 ' 56 00 36 And stands, steel, Atlas 1 318.50 133 2, 669. 34 40.30 5 Taps: 20 18 Hand"U.S. S." Machine-screw 25.25 4 20 20 Pipe 17.35 6 57 4 Taper 4.00 1 Tapes: 2o-foot 2 50 210 50-foot 376 20 25 100-foot 88 75 3 10-meter 4 50 45 Steel— 6-foot 39 72 213 342 90 7 25-foot 27 75 702 50-foot 3 254 89 1 66-foot 4 00 1 75-foot 4 50 202 100-foot 1 517 41 1 ' 7 50 72 Bandchain— 339 10 1 100-link 6 00 8 300-foot 90 00 1 330-foot 36.00 3 2 64 726 Telephones 7,531 14 5 Telescopes: "Marvel" 21.00 1 Saddle 12.50 34 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shomn above were made — Continued. No. Article. 4 ■ 366 19 1,566 1 18 92 1 1 3 67 1 13 24 15 1 393 17 1 1 3 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 120 100 2 1 5 240 6 8 1 16 6 1 3 1 10 7 3 5 1 1 5 1 6 45 42 1 30 3 2,975 136 1 55 25 2 5 22 4 2,147 Tents: Tents, 16 by 20 feet 5 by 7 feet 7 by 7 feet 7 by 9 feet 7by lOfeet 8 by 10 feet 9 by 9 feet 9by lOfeet 9 by 12 feet 10 by lOfeet 10 by 12feet 10 by Hfeet 12by 12feet 12 by Hfeet 12 by 16 feet 12 by lOfeet 14bvl4foet 14 by Itjfeel 14 by IS feet 14 by 20 feet 16 by 18 feet 16 by 24 feet 16i by 26 fcot 20 by 20 feet Baker Hip-roof Spencer Trapper's Testers: Beam Gauge Oil Paper Test-sets, telephone Thermographs Thermometers: Assorted Bristol, recording Soil Thermo-regulators Thermostat Toilet sets Tongs: Blacksmith's, etc Ice Pipe Pump Skidding Tools: Armstrong Barl)ed-\vire Compression, spherical-headed Corking Electrician's Fence Fire-flghting. special Lineman's, Buffalo Milling machine, Garvin (set). Scraping (set) Shearing Turning, Oliver (set) Set, handled Torches: Assorted Blow Trammels Transits and tripods Transplanters Traps, steel Traverse boards Trays: Card, bill size, Y & E Desk.... Photographic Sorting, L. B., and stands Trenchers, hand Trestles: Drawing-board (pairs) Map-case Triangles EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAX, FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 35 III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. Article. Value. Triangles, platinum Trimmers: Photo Tree Wood, Oliver Tripods: Camera Laboratory Planetable Scales, Fairbanks Stereopticon Surveyor's Traverse-board Trolley and triplex block Trowels Trunks: Assorted Stereoscopic Tubes: Phonograph Vacuum Turners, wire Tuyure irons Tweezers Twisters: Drill Wire TjT)ewriters: Blickensderfer Densmore — No.2 No. 5 Elliott-Fisher Junior Monarch — No.l No.2 No.3 Oliver— No.3 No.5 No. 5, IS inches Remington— No.6 No.7 No. 10 Roval Standard L. C. Smith Smith Premier — No.2 No. 4 Standard folding Sun Underwood — No.3 No. 3, check No.5 Umbrella: Stereoscopic, folding Wagon Undercutters Valves: Davis regulating Float Phosphor bronze Viscosimeters Vises: Belt, with straps Carpenter's, pipe, etc Circular saw filing and jointer . Filing handsaw Hand Voltmeters Vulcanizers (printing outfit) Wagons Walls, common tent, 7 by 35 feet. . Washers, negative and plate Watch: Ingersoll Stop »20.00 182.75 6.75 282. 50 862. 96 3.57 135.00 3.00 10.00 '., 695. 30 (^) 104.00 145. 47 1,455.90 37.50 2.00 6.40 .50 6.00 .75 .75 .75 722. 50 67.50 942.00 300.00 15.00 156.00 ;, 080. 00 ,076.00 i, 113. 74 ,044.30 87.48 240.00 i, 960. 00 ,120.00 175. 50 80.00 160.00 80.00 190.00 ,372.50 ,544.50 672.00 ,880.00 4.00 2.50 3.75 74.61 1.90 4.00 97.50 8.00 436. 97 10.00 12.00 20.00 12.00 161. 00 ,576.07 17.80 5.53 1.00 3.50 » Cost of 30 included in cost of 30 telescopic alidades. » Included in cost of traverse boards. 36 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. III. Permanent improvements, equipment, etc., on hand June 30, 1910, on account of which expenditures shown above were made — Continued. No. 40 11 108 95 1 101 4 2 522 15 1 2 1 2 1 24 Article. Value. Wattmeter Weights: 50-pound standard Sets Spline , Wheels and grinders, emery Wheels, tiller Wheelbarrows Whistles, boat Windlasses Wrenches, assorted Wringers: Mop Press-copy Writer-presses Xy lometers Yokes: Carrying, for canoe Neck Zuwachsbohrers $56.00 70.00 49.50 81.41 419. 16 2.50 472. 90 27.00 10.30 528. 19 35.25 8.50 300. 00 7.00 4.50 1.50 96.00 636,816.40 IV. Summary — July 1, 1899, to June SO, 1910 {11 years). Debits: (1) Total expenditures from Forest Service appropriations for forest work .516, 657, 759. 98 (2) Expenditures for printing and binding, bulletins, circulars, etc., paid from depart- mental appropriat ion for printing and binding 236, 667. 60 (3) Payment to States, refunds, and other miscellaneous disbursements under the general direction of the Forest Service 1> 817, 753. 45 Total expenditure 18,712,181.03 Credits: (a) Receipts — (1) From national-forest resources ($8,346,907.20 less $208,844. 51 collected by Interior Department) $8, 138, 122. 63 (2) From miscellaneous sources 7,358. 23 (3) From contributions for cooperative work with the Forest Service 109, 846. 63 18,255,327.49 (6) Improvements and property on hand June 30, 1910— (1) Permanent improvements, other than equipment. . 1,864,226.63 (2) Equipment and other nonexpendal)le property 636,816.40 (3) Supplies and expendable property on hand Jiine 30, 1910 (estimated) 96,325.68 2,597,368.71 10,852,696.20 Balance (net expenditures for investigative work and for protection, etc., of the national forests for the 11 years beginning July 1, 1899, and ending June 30, 1910) 7,859,484.83 V. Classification of employees, Forest Service. Officers, clerks, etc. 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 In Washington. Forester and Associate Forester... 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 2 4 2 2 5 1 2 8 19 1 5 2 8 30 1 19 2 11 10 2 13 2 8 Chief and assistant chief of office 1 12 Law officer and assistant law 3 Law examiner, law clerk and land- law clerk 4 1 1 7 2 6 Dendrologist, dendrochemists, etc. Artist and map colorist. 1 1 1 1 9 1 10 2 6 229 4 16 4 6 369 3 20 2 6 171 6 Expert (office) 1 2 2 4 15 2 Photographer, assistant photogra- pher, lithographer, and helper. . Clerk, bookkeeper, stenographer, typewriter, copyist, and assist- ant 14 1 15 3 23 2 3 37 3 6 65 3 103 1 4 146 7 138 Computers EXPENDITUEES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. V. Classification of employees, Forest Service. — Continued. 37 Officers, clerks, etc. 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 In Washington — Continued. 2 1 3 9 10 17 8 19 6 14 29 7 22 9 9 44 10 28 13 17 12 7 21 13 8 12 Carpenter, painter, electrician. 1 g Watchmen, janitor, messenger. 4 3 30 6 4 28 9 4 28 20 Charwomen :::::::::::: 4 27 13 Laborers, skilled and unskilled... 13 33 15 Total in Washington 29 52 70 91 117 179 234 359 571 301 257 Out of Washington. District forester, associate and 12 n Assistant district forester and dis- 1 14 11 1 2 38 29 22 3 1 1 1 16 19 41 6 34 21 81 6 40 21 96 8 32 13 110 7 18 33 117 21 10 28 99 22 5 14 2 13 6 31 101 94 258 409 530 23 ...... 1 24 28 109 36 13 12 14 9 4 6 161 186 506 361 554 95 20 31 20 132 35 12 21 10 12 2 6 216 173 436 581 485 255 9 17 5 254 Assistant forest expert and forest and field assistant Expert, examiners, miners, sur- veyors, plant ecologists, field 52 10 Lumberman, scaler, and cruiser. . Civil engineer, constructing engi- neer and superintendent tele- 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 21 1 1 31 16 52 408 2 2 9 22 29 61 42 115 420 264 19 6 Engineer in timber tests, wood preservation, laboratory, etc 21 Forest students and student assist- ants Forestinspectors, grazing inspect- ors, and assistant inspectors... 29 72 94 61 2 3 Forest supervisor and deputy for- est supervisor 245 Forest ranger 256 Deputy forest ranger 64 Assistant forest ranger 1,058 Forest guard 86 723 Clerk, stenographer, typewriter. . . 320 Scientific assistant, timber-testing 1 1 1 2 1 9 Forest superintendent 9 177 206 190 760 1,156 1,653 2,182 2,580 3,194 Grand total. Forest Service. 89 181 247 297 307 939 1,390 2,012 2,753 2,881 3,461 VI. Expenditures for compensation of persons engaged in writing descriptive or other matter for publication. This includes (a) compenFation paid in the form of salaries and (6) compensation paid in the form of purchase of completed manuscripts. (a) In salaries. — At no time since July 1, 1899, has any person been employed by the Forest Service merely to write matter for publication. All material which has been prepared by salaried employees for publication in any form or through any agency whatever has been written by persons employed primarily for other purposes. These purposes may be enumerated as follows: (1) Original investigations, conducted for the purpose of acquiring new knowledge. The results of such investigations are, when of importance, first published in official bulletins. Lesser results are sometimes prepared for publication in technical journala or proceedings of learned societies or for publication by States, cooperating associa- tions, etc. Subsequently, the information gathered may be given more extensive circulation in some popularized form, either as a Farmers' Bulletin, Forest Service 38 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. circular, or other form of public document, or through preparation for use by newspa- pers or other private agencies of publication. All investigators employed by the Forest Service who have done work of any considerable importance have doubtless been engaged at some time in writing matter for publication, either in official bulletins (which contain portions contributed by various persons besides the author) or in maga- zines, newspapers, etc.; but no record exists as to the exact amount of time given to such work, and consequently no statement can be made of the amount of compensation paid for it. Moreover, it is not believed that the purpose of the provision of law in response to which this report is made was to call for such a statement. Presumably the purpose of the provision was to ascertain to what extent, if at all, compensation has been paid to persons employed primarily as writers of material intended for publica- tion in newspapers and magazines; and when it has been made clear that writers have not been employed by the Forest Service for this purpose, the information desired will have been supplied. (2) Compilation of existing data: Besides gathering new knowledge through original scientific investigations, the Forest Service has worked up much material for publica- tion by assembling, analyzing, and recombining or developing to new conclusions data previously gathered either by its own or by outside investigators. Examples of such studies which have furnished the material for public documents are: Bulletin 83, Forest Resources of the World; Bulletin 78, Strength Values for Structural Timbers. As in the case of original investigations, studies of this kind have also furnished material for publication in Proceedings, State reports, and various other forms of print, including technical journals, magazines, and newspapers. Here again there is no record of the precise amount of time given to such work or of its cost. A considerable part of the technical force of the Forest Service has, at one time or another, had some employment in such work. . ,. (3) Supervision and administration: The officers in charge of the various Imesof work, in Washington and in the districts, have given time to the preparation of materia) for publication both by the department and by outside agencies; but ho-w much time it is impossible to say. Two recent examples of such work, one of which was pub- lished in the American Lumberman and the other in various California newspapers, are appended as Exhibit A. Throughout the Forest Service the effort has steadily been to furnish to the public, whenever possible, information which it was evidently desirable that the public should have because of its value; and in doing this, advantage has been taken of the readiness of newspaper and magazine writers and publishers to print such information, whenever it appeared that its diffusion in this way would most effectively promote the purposes for which the Poorest Service was created and is maintained. The method employed, however, in preparing such material (furnished in accordance with the provision of the appropriation act which sets forth that "this shall not prevent the giving to all persons without discrimination, including newspaper and magazine writers and publishers, of any facts or official information of value to the public") has not been that of employing a special force of writers to produce articles; the men possessed of first-hand information or in direct charge of the line of work con- cerned have been depended on to supply the facts, which were then put into the best shape for newspaper use by a process of editing. (4) Editing official publications: Under the conditions existing in the Forest Service it has been necessary to provide for a thorough review of all proposed publications by an editorial force so organized as to insure careful criticism of the substance of texts from a technical standpoint, as well as to promote effectiveness and economy by clear- ness and directness of statement and the elimination of superfluous material. A com- bination of reasons has made especially needful the provision for such editing in the Forest Service. In bureaus which exist primarily for scientific research the organi- zation is naturally along corresponding lines. The men in supervisory positions are practically directors of research, and the putput of the bureau in publications becomes in a sense the measure of its productive work. But in the Forest Service the principal task is the administration of the national forests, and even of the purely scientific work a large part is carried on in order to obtain a basis for better administrative work. The main output of the service is not publications, but public business transacted and public property conserved. In consequence the men in the higher positions can not give the amount of time to reviewing and perfecting the manuscripts submitted for publication which is necessary in order to maintain a high standard of technical accuracy. This condition is accentuated by the need for administrative officers to spend much of their time in the field. On the other hand, with a subject so new as American forestry, in which each investigator has been likely to find himself a pioneer exploring some previously untrodden territory, and with men still young in the work, there was the greater need for critical review of all matter intended for official publica- tion; while the fact that most of these publications were prepared not solely for the use EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 39 of specialists but for lumbermen, farmers, and wood users of various kinds, and for the information of the general public, called for especial care to secure simplicity and directness of statement and to avoid over-technicality of form. In short, the Forest Service has, practically throughout the period covered by thia report, had in its employ one or more men of special training, engaged primarily in editing manuscripts for official publication. This editorial force has corresponded closely with the editorial force which the Geological Survey employs. Like the members of the Forest Service engaged primarily in original investigations, in com- pilation of data, and in administrative work, these editors have, as occasion arose, written matter for publication, both in official bulletins and circulars and in period- icals of various kinds, including newspapers; but they were not employed as writers, nor regularly engaged in writing, any more than were the employees engaged on the other lines of work specified above. The statement of the names of the persons who have been engaged in editorial work, and the salaries paid them, is, however, given below in order that the actual facts with regard both to the number of men employed in editorial work and the amount of expenditures involved (sometimes mistakenly assumed to be for the employment of writers as press agents) may be made clear. In short, there has at no time been in the Forest Service a large force of editors, nor has the compensation paid to them ever amounted to any considerable sum; and the small force which has been employed has been engaged, not as has sometimes been alleged, in writing magazine and newspaper articles but in reviewing and preparing for the press the manuscripts submitted in regular course with a view to their official publi- cation. Editorial force of the Forest Service, 1900-1910. Fiscal year. Name. Total salary paid during year. Number of publica- tions issued. 1899-1900 1900-1901 1901-1902 1902-1903 1903-1904 1904-1905 1905-1906 1906-1907 1907-1908 1908-1909 1909-1910 Treadwell Cleveland, jr. Herbert A. Smith do do Edward A. Branifl $S39. 00 890.00 Herbert A. Smith do Alfred GaskUl Findley Bums (3 months, 8 days). Treadwell Cleveland, jr. (4 days). . Herbert A. Smith Findley Bums Treadwell Cleveland, jr. (2i months). Thomas E. Will (2| months) 1,200.00 500.00 275. 00 20.83 1,867.34 1,083.33 312.50 350. 00 Herbert A. Smith (9§ months) Findley Bums Treadwell Cleveland, jr. (2 months). Thomas E. Will Bristow Adams , Hu Maxwell (2 J months) 2,013.89 1,266.67 300.00 250. 00 1,300.00 261. 18 Findley Bums Treadwell Cleveland, jr. (1 month). Bristow Adams Everett W. Smith 1,600.00 150. 00 1,500.00 1,050.00 Findley Bums Bristow Adams Everett W. Smith (6 months). Fuidley Bums Treadwell Cleveland, jr Bristow Adams Everett W. Smith 1,800.00 1,600.00 750. OO 1,800.00 1,650.00 1,650.00 1,500.00 $719. 40 419. 73 217. 00 1,429.00 980. 00 1,995.83 3,613.17 5,391.74 4,300.00 4, 150. 00 6,600.00 20 20 61 63 27 (5) Promoting the diffusion of information relating to forests and forestry through its use by newspapers and periodicals. — In the earlier years covered by this report no individual members of the Forest Service were assigned especially to this work, which then consisted chiefly of the preparation of brief summaries of publications about to be issued, as press notices. Between 1904 and 1910, however, there were in the Forest Service from one to four men whose duty, or a part of whose duty, it was to promote the diffusion of useful information through the press. While these men 40 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. were often employed upon the actual writing of material, it would be both inaccurate and misleading to report their salaries as "compensation of persons engaged in writ- ing descriptive or other matter for publication." The work mvolved was principally that of putting into shape for newspaper use the material prepared by technical and administrative men and the development of a system which would insure as wide use as possible of all information given to the newspapers. Further, except for one man whose term of employment extended from May 9, 1904, to September 15, 1905, and another whose term of employment extended from May 1, 1907, to January 25, 1910, much, if not most, of the time of the men whose salaries are included in the statement below was given to other kinds of work. In other words, there was never in the For- est Service at any one time more than one man employed exclusively upon publicity work, and much if not most of the money expenditure reported below was actually compensation for work done in editing official publications, compiling scientific data, writing oQicial publications and reports, and miscellaneous duties connected with the general administrative work of the service. The names of the men partly or wholly employed in putting information into shape for use by newspaper and magazine writers and publishers, and in providing for its dis- tribution, and the amounts of salary paid them during the years or portions of years when they were assigned or detailed to this work, are shown as follows: 1903-1904 1904-1905 1905-190C 1906-1907 1907-1908 1908-1909 190^-1910 Peyton Brown (1§ months) Peyton Brown Peyton Brown (2.\ months) $250. 00 Treadwell Cleveland, jr. (9J months) •. 1, 270. 78 Treadwell Cleveland, jr. (10 months) 1, 500. 00 Herbert A. Smith (2^ months) 519. 44 Raymond W. Pullman (2 months) 300. 00 Herbert A. Smith 2, 700. 00 Raymond W. Pullman 1, 800. 00 Treadwell Cleveland, jr. (11 months) 1, 650. 00 Hu Maxwell (6 months) 1, 000. 00 Herbert A. Smith 3, 000. 00 Raymond W. Pullman 2, 400. 00 Treadwell Cleveland, jr 1, 495. 00 Everett W. Smith (6 months) 750. 00 Herbert A . Smith 3 , 000. 00 Raymond W. Pullman (7 months) 1,366.67 1,520.78 2,319.44 7, 150. 00 7, 645. 00 4,366.67 In addition to the persons employed as described above, there was employed from October 1, 1907, to March 15, 1909, one other person, Mr. Thomas R. Shipp, who had been appointed as an associate editor with the expectation that he would be engaged in this line of the Forest Service's work. Owing, however, to the demands of work which was devolved upon the Forest Service by presidential assignment, this expec- tation was never fulfilled. His name, therefore, does not appear in either of the above statements. There remains to be reported the compensation to persons engaged in writing matter for publication in the form of^ (b) Purchase of completed manuscripts. — The following statement shows all payments made between July 1, 1899, and June 30, 1910, for manuscripts purchased from writers: Year. Name of writer. Title of manuscript purchased. Price paid. 1900 Forestry for Central Nebraska from Seed Bed to Plantation . Forestry in Texas $100.00 1900 W . Goodrich Jones F.L.Clarke 50.00 1902 Report with oriRinal map of the San Bernardino Reservation. Eucalvpts Cultivated in the United States 100.00 1902 A. J. MeClatchie Ernest Bruncken 425. 00 1904 State and Federal Forest Laws . 500.00 1904 30.00 1908 L. C. Glenn Denudation and Erosion in the Southern Appalachian Mountains. Commercial Importance of the White Mountain Forests How to Grow and Plant Conifers in the Northeastern States. 1, 650. 00 1908 P. W. Ayres 206. 00 1909 C. R. Pettis 100.00 Total 3,161.00 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 41 Outside of the expenditures made in the manner and for the purposes already set forth, no payments whatever were made as compensation to any person for wi-iting matter of any kind (other than official advertisements of timber sales, contracts for the purchase of supplies, and similar matters required by law, and official forms, instruc- tions, and the like) intended for, or which has received publication in, any book, trade journal, magazine, newspaper, brochure, pamphlet, or any other form of print. It appears, therefore, that dm-ing the 11 years covered by this report no payment of public moneys was made by, through, or on account of the" Forest Service for the com- pensation of persons engaged in writing descriptive or other matter for publication, official or otherwise, save as indicated above; and the total amount paid in the entire 11 years for the services of editors and others employed in preparing matter for publi- cation either by the Forest Service or by any outside agency, and in promoting the diffusion of information valuable to the public through its use by newspaper and magazine ^vriters and publishers, as $54,197.48, or an average of $4,927.04 per year, of which amount a considerable percentage was compensation for time spent in the discharge of other duties, such as work of compilation, investigation, and supervision. In this connection it is proper to point out that the figures published in the annual reports of the Forester for the years 1908 and 1909, which gave the total expenditures for the "diffusion of information" in those years as $55,665.88 and $82,790.02, respec- tively, have been misinterpreted as indicating that these sums were spent largely as compensation to Avriters of publicity material and to lecturers. As a matter of fact the great bulk of the expenditures thus reported represents the cost of correspondence and of clerical and other labor required to maintam mailing lists, attend to requests for publications, address envelopes, etc., the cost of equipment purchased, and a part of the cost of rental in Washington and other general expenses of administration which were prorated, in classifying the expenditures of the Forest Service among its various lines of work. NAMES OP PUBLICATIONS ACCEPTING SUCH MATTER FOR PUBLICATION AND AMOUNT PAID TO EACH THEREFOR. Material prepared for dissemination to the public through publication by news- papers and other periodicals may be classified under two heads: (1) Material furnished upon the request of individual papers or writers for information on some specific topic, and (2) material sent out to a regular mailing list maintained for this purpose. This list was gradually built up, until in 1910 it included the names of approximately 6,000 papers and individuals; but no record was ever kept of the names of the papers which made use of the material sent them. This is true both of material sent in answer to requests for specific information and of material sent to the standing list. No payment was at any time made to any paper or writer for the publication of any material supplied by or in any way obtained from the Forest Service or any individual connected with the Forest Service, other than payments made for advertisements of timber sales and of contracts for the purchase of supplies. VII. Expenditures for photographs, lantern slides, lecture equipment, and lecturers. Among the items tabulated on pages 7 and 10 will be found the following, which cover all expend itiu-es by purchase: 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 Photographic supplies and equip- men1 $702.03 75.25 15.15 139. 74 $1,991.61 $1,901.00 112.00 36.00 259.50 $2,744.28 7.00 111.33 206.25 $4,318.08 $2,917.04 Stereopticons and accessories Lantern slides 45.40 109. 45 15.77 426. 73 64.55 430. 43 Photographs Total 932. 17 2, 146. 46 2,308.50 3,068.58 4,760.58 3,412.02 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 Total. Photographic supplies and equip- $3, 590. 82 $3, 638. 32 3.70 27.75 283.93 $5,051.54 189. 61 100.35 231.08 $9,310.61 10.20 138.38 514. 17 $5,929.69 525. 64 555.55 590. 15 $42,095.02 923. 40 1,125.43 3,909.17 Stereopticons and accessories Lantern slides 15.20 717. 74 Photographs Total 4,323.76 3,953.70 6,572.58 9,973.36 7,601.03 48,053.02 42 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. The above items are undoubtedly complete in so far as purchases are concerned, since the making of the present report necessarily entailed the examination of every voucher covering the disbursement of any part of the entire $16,000,000 expended for the work of the Forest Service between 1900 and 1910, inclusive. The headings call, however, for some explanation to make clear just what is covered; and a complete E^iswer to the demands of the bill for information requires, it is believed, a supple- mentary statement concerning the cost of the entire photographic work of the Forest Service, including as it does not only the purchase of supplies but also salary expendi- tures. The heading "Photographs " covers disbursements made for the purchase both of nega- tives and of prints, but represents chiefly the cost of negatives. Most of the negatives owned by the Forest Service, however, were not obtained by pm-chase, but represent the work of employees who took pictm-es in connection with their regular field work. Such pictures are taken either for their scientific value as illustrative of forest condi- tions or for administrative use. From the natiu^e of the case it is impossible to state the cost in time for photographs taken incidentally as a part of the various field proj- ects, and developed in the photographic laboratory of the Forest Service incidentally to its main work, as described below. The heading "Lantern slides" covers chiefly the purchase of glass for use in making lantern slides, either for the use of the Forest Service or for sale. The greater part of the final cost of a lantern slide, however, is the cost of reproducing the photograph and (if the slide is colored) of coloring. The actual making of lantern-slide photographs takes place in the photographic laboratory of the Forest Service. The photographic laboratory of the Forest Service is maintained primarily to supply the very large number of maps and blue prints required both by field men and in the offices in connection with the various lines of administrative and engineering work on the national forests, and in connection with the work of the Madison laboratory. This will be seen by a glance at the statement of the output of the laboratory, by classes of work. For example, this statement shows that during the fiscal year 1909-10, over 27,000 lithographs (almost entirely of maps) were made, nearly 14,000 maps were mounted on muslin, and nearly 7,000 photographic map prints, and 2,000 blue prints were made. Of the over 26,000 photographic prints made, much the greater part were used in connection with the administration of the national forests. The total cost of the photographic laboratory by years (including the cost of the sup- plies and equipment piu-chased, figures for which are included in the itemized state- ment of purchases already given) and the output of work by classes for each year are shown in the following statement: Class of work. 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 770 7,792 42,312 3,922 50 248 3,000 4,778 C,632 4,900 5,332 9,695 5,457 6,563 15,473 4,747 4,467 11,097 Photographic prints mounted Map negatives: Glass 1,400 4,843 112 136 486 64 184 2,271 160 400 167 1,190 111 746 570 2 667 26 Total nnmher items of work. . . Total cost of photographic laboratory 4,400 $932. 17 16,470 $3,794.19 20,88-1 $4,948.50 27,096 $6,413.66 56,142 $8,463.85 23,168 $6,920.02 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 43 Class of work. Negatives copied from prints Field negatives developed Prints made Photographic prints mounted Map negatives: Glass Paper Photo map prints Blue prints , Transfer prints , Maps mounted on muslin , Bromide enlargements Bj-omides mounted , Bromides bleached Lantern slides Transparencies Lithographs made in ofHce Lithographs made at Geological Survey. Total number items of work Total cost of photographic laboratory. 270 3,620 8,173 3,391 337 150 5,970 1,147 137 734 25 23,954 $8, 168. 76 1907 496 2,843 12,333 4,346 445 213 8,779 4,979 116 6,270 320 870 53 4,751 46,814 $9,875.03 1908 415 2,017 22, 202 6,643 844 292 7,822 21, 643 275 11,544 1,001 1,765 20 1,760 43,500 121,743 $12,920.25 1909 381 3,119 19,927 5,016 7,910 281 29,670 10, 146 1.37 33,372 1, 703 430 45 2,231 12 1,782 62,600 178, 762 $15,942.23 1910 634 4,181 26,402 4,046 1,780 55 6,845 1,983 79 13,841 340 90 2,325 21 126 27,312 90,060 $16,043.25 The followina; statement indicates by percentages the relative cost of the photo- graphic work done in 19] for the Washington office, the district offices, and the national forests. Much of the work done on requisitions which originated in the Washington office was, however, for material which eventually was supplied to the districts or the forests. Sirnilarly, requisitions originating in the district offices were in large measure for material needed for use in connection with field work on the forests. Per cent. Washington office 29 r/istricts and Madison laboratory 50 National forests 21 The statement made above of the output of photographic work by classes shows that the total number of lantern slides made in the 11 years was 9,912. On the other hand, there were sold during this period 4,110 slides. The number of lantern slides owned by the Forest Service on June 30, 1910, was 6,074, of which 1,112 were out on loan and 1,602 were in the districts and at Madison. It has been the custom of the Forest Service to loan lantern slides freely for use by instructors in forestry at edu- cational institutions, and to a minor extent to other teachers in educational institu- tions and to lecturers who may desire to present some topic related to forestry before a gener-sl audience. The lantern-slide collection is, however, maintained primarily for the use of members of the Forest Service who may be called upon to deliver illus- trated addresses in connection with their work, and next after this, for use by edu- cational institutions which train foresters or have courses in forestry. The expenditures of the Forest Service for lecture equipment other than lantern slides was reported on page 10, under the heading of stereopticon and accessories. The total for the 11 years was $923.40. The expenditures for lecturers remains to be considered. In attempting to state what expenditures were made for this purpose the same difficulty is presented which arose with regard to expenditiu-es for writers. In the case of lecturers as in that of writers, a large number of members of the Forest Service have at different times performed such work, which, however, was either incidental to or actually a part of other work. For example, when a man is sent out to examine the wood lots of a num- ber of farmers in any locality, a meeting of farmers is often arranged for, with an address, illustrated or otherwise. As a rule, addresses before educational institutions, associations of wood users, commercial and civic organizations, and general audiences are made by men en route and without other cost to the Forest Service than the small expenditure of time thus involved. In many cases, particularly in the Western States, men connected with the administration of the National Forests are invited, on a few hours' notice, to attend a meeting of citizens and address them concerning some phase of the work of the Forest Service; and in such cases no formal record of the fact that such a meeting was held may be made. In 1908 a special report was made, in response to Senate resolution No. 157, of the attendance of members of the Forest Service at meetings and conventions during the year 1907. This report, which was published as Senate Document No. 485, list 459 addresses made during the year, by 37 different members of the Forest Service. 44 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. A systematic attempt to maintain a record of addresses made was not beojun until July 1, 1905, and no data exist from which any statement could be made of addresses prior to that time; but for the fiscal years 1906 to 1910, inclusive, this record shows a total of 1 ,739 addresses, made by 117 different members of the Forest Service. In other words, the diffusion of information through public addresses, which might be construed as falling under the head of "lectures," has been carried on, just as in other bureaus of the Department of Agriculture, by many members of the Forest Service, usually under such conditions that no statement of the compensation in salary to the lecturers is possible. The nearest approach that can be made to fur- nishing the information called for is a statement in detail concerning all known cases in which persons employed by the Forest Service have delivered, as a part of the work for which they were employed, a series of lectures or addresses covering a period of three days or more. This is shown in the following statement for the part of the period for which any record exists. The figures of compensation reported as paid are obtained by assuming that the salary of the person engaged in making these addresses was, ior the time being, paid exclusively as compensation for this work. As a matter of fact, however, this assumption is incorrect. For example, at various expositions at which Forest Service exhibits have been made, the attendance of a representative of the service has been called for to take care of the exhibit and answer questions concerning it; and the delivery of a series of lectures in connection with the exhibit during the period of the exposition, or some part of it, has been rather incidental to the making of the exhibit than the main cause for the presence of a lecturer at the exposition. Salary expenditures for public, addresses. Fiscal year — 1906 $503.06 1907 1, 465. 84 1908 3, 659. 34 1909 2, 933. 06 1910 1, 077. 51 9, 638. 81 It appears, therefore, that the average expenditure by, for, or on account of the Forest Service for lecturers, charging as an expenditure solely on account of services as lecturers all salaries paid to employees for periods of three days or longer during which a series of public addresses of any kind were delivered, was less than $2,000 per A'ear. No payments whatever were made, directly or indirectly, to procure the delive y of lectures by any person not officially connected with the Forest Service. VIII. Expenditures for printing and binding. In the classified summary of expenditures already given there appear the following expenditures for printing and binding: 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 From Forest Service appropriation: $13,576.83 $27, 694. 04 $12,007.26 $22,332.81 210 75 From department appropriation $7,971.00 S5,016.55 7,550.53 2,833.53 4, 220. 62 8,255.80 7,971.00 5,016.55 21, 127. 36 30,527.57 16,227.88 30,799.36 1908 1909 Total. From Forest Service appropriation: In Washington Out of Washington.... From department appropriation . . . $17,371.18 14.50 10,411.73 27, 797. 41 $46,049.66 228. 33 21,447.53 67,725.52 $4.50 1,820.30 90,907.78 92, 732. 58 $870. 79 2, 446. 50 59,407.66 62, 724. 95 $169. 75 1,394.78 18,644.87 20, 209. 40 $140,076.82 6,115.16 236,667.60 382, 859. 58 EXPENDITUEES FOR NATIONAL, FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 45 Exhibit A. (1) The following appeared in The American Lumberman, issue of January 27, 1912: "Much interesting information concerning the timber resources of Utah, southern Idaho, and western Wyoming has been obtained during the past summer by the United States Forest Service. Cruising parties, working under the general super- vision of the district office, at Ogden, Utah, covered during the season more than 1,000,000 acres of timberland, and the information obtained will be used in bringing about the exploitation of many large tracts of mature timber in this territory. The bulk of the merchantable timber in the region is on the national forests, and it is understood that one of the principal objects of the cruising work is to place before lumbermen who operate on a large scale the best logging chances of the intermoun- tain country. "In the general movement of the lumber industry westward the extensive terri- tory of Utah and southern Idaho has been overlooked. Apparently, eastern lum- bermen, when their timber holdings become exhausted and they are forced to turn westward, do not stop 'going' until they reach the coast. As a result, the lumber industry of the intermountain west has not developed, although from information furnished by the Forest Service the opportunities for a number of large mills in this region seem unexcelled, both as regard the available timber supply and local-market conditions. "Officials of the Forest Service place the annual consumption of lumber in south- ern Idaho at 100,000,000 feet b. m. and that of northern Utah at 150,000,000 feet. According to th'e 1910 census, southern Idaho shows a population of 210,000 and northern Utah 325,000. On the basis of an annual per capita consumption of 500 board feet, which is certainly conservative for a territory which is doubling its pop- ulation every 10 years, the annual lumber consumption of these two regions would be 105,000,000 feet and 162,500,000 feet, respectively. The above estimate, there- fore, seems well established. "Of the 100,000,000 feet of lumber consumed each year in southern Idaho it is said that about 60,000,000 feet are shipped in from Oregon and other coast points, while only about 40,000,000 feet are produced locally. In northern Utah local mills pro- duce less than 12,000,000 feet annually and over 100,000,000 feet are shipped in from coast points. This great importation of coast lumber into Utah and southern Idaho is explained by the fact that there are no large local mills and that the small portable mills working on a limited scale are able to supply the demand only in their vicinity. Further, the cost of producing lumber in these mills is excessive, since up-to-date logging and milling methods are not followed, and the small sawmill men are not able to compete with the coast lumber in the larger cities, notwithstanding the fact that lumber there brings higher prices. "Under these conditions it seems remarkable that no large mills have located in. this territory, and the efforts of the Forest Service to bring about the utilization of its timber resources on a larger scale should be successful. WTiile the detailed data obtained by the various cruising parties has not yet been issued in report form, the general information at hand shows many large tracts of timber favorably located for logging. Of particular interest is the information obtained concerning the timber resources of the Jackson Hole country, which embraces a large part of the watershed of the south fork of the Snake River. The amount of timber in this region has been a matter of much speculation. The cruising party spent four and one-haK months in the Teton Mountains, covering a large portion of territory. Approximately, a billion feet of merchantable timber was located, the species being Engelmann spruce, Douglas fir, and lodgepole pine of fine quality. " One of the most attractive logging chances brought into prominence by this work is a tract of 120,000,000 feet on the banks of the Jackson Lake. The timber averages 10,000 feet b. m. per acre, the spruce averaging in diameter 36 inches with six logs to the tree and the Douglas fir averaging 32 inches in diameter with five logs to the tree. The logging of the timber, it is said, will be a simple problem, since it lies on a bench sloping gently to the lake. The logs will be thrown into the lake and driven down the Snake River to a mill site in the vicinity of Idaho Falls. The drivability of the South Fork of the Snake was investigated by a Forest Service lumberman, who declares it to be drivable throughout the year with practically no stream improve- ments. In low water it averages 200 feet wide and 4 feet deep. A mill located near Market Lake or Idaho Falls will be not only on the railroad and in the center of the southern Idaho markets, but will have practically an inexhaustible supply of timber upon which to draw. "Considerable cruising was also done in the western yellow pine stands in the western portion of southern Idaho on the Boise, Payette, and Weiser National Forests, 46 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. and a number of large tracts of this species are, it is understood, to be placed on the market. On two forks of the Payette River, both of which have been driven, over 150,000,000 feet of merchantable saw timber was cruised out. This embraces the most accessible of the timber, it being roughly estimated that upon its removal there will be available a half a billion feet more of similar timber. According to the state- ments of forestry officials, all this timber can be driven at reasonable cost to the railroad at either Emmett or Payette. A particularly fine tract of yellow pine within a short distance of a railroad was also located and cruised on the Weiser Forest. This timber etands at the head of the Weiser River. "In Utah the most accessible large tract of timber cruised and mapped waa on the watershed of the Provo River. This timber consists of Engelmann spruce and lodge- pole pine and covers 10,146 acres. It averages 10,000 feet to the acre, and the total estimate amounts to 106,000,000 feet b. m. The tract is said to be one of the most accessible large tracts in the State, it being entirely feasible by a drive of 50 miles to land the logs at the railroad at Heber City, where there are good mill-site facilities and from which point the large consuming markets of Provo, Salt Lake City, and Ogden are less than 100 miles distant by rail. "Another cruising party in Utah spent the summer gridironing the timber on the watershed of the Sevier River in the southern part of the State. Between two hundred and fifty and three hundred million feet of yellow pine and Douglas fir timber was located and mapped. This forest averages about 5,000 feet b. m. per acre, the diam- eters running up to 60 inches in the yellow pine and 4 inches in the Douglas fir. The logging of the Sevier timber is said to involve the construction of a railroad of from 75 to 100 miles to connect with the present terminal at Marysvale of the San Pete branch of the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad. Such a railroad, however, will doubt- less be a part of a line extending into southern Utah, where there are great amounts of agricultural land in course of development, and to the Grand Canyon of the Colo- rado, where on the Kaibab plateau there is a billion and a half feet of yellow pine and Douglas fir timber awaiting utilization. "it would seem from the general data at hand that lumbermen who are looking for new locations should find a profitable field for operations in Utah and southern Idaho. Those interested can obtain full information concerning the different logging and milling chances of the district by writing the district forester, Ogden, Utah." (2) The following material was furnished various newspapers early in 1912: The Government is advertising for bids on a large body of timber on the Tahoe National Forest, in California, with an offer of terms which' inaugurate an important departure from the policy of the past. About 73,000,000 board feet of saw timber is offerd for sale, with a 10-year period for the removal of the timber. The national forests contain a vast supply of merchant- able timber, estimated at the equivalent of over 500,000,000,000 feet board measure, a great part of which is ripe for the ax or already overmatiu-e. In many cases, how- ever, the purchaser has to make a very heavy initial investment in transportation facilities. To have this pay, he must be able to figure on a large operation, requiring a number of years to carry through. The timber sale policy of the Forest Service recognizes that, in view of the general tendency of stumpage prices, long contracts based on present prices would be a strong incentive to speculation and might turn out to be highly disadvantageous to the public. To protect the public, as consumers, against monopoly prices and also against exhaustion of local supplies through overcutting, sales of timber are carefully proportioned to the existing supply and demand, and sales to small purchasers, who are vastly in the majority, are encouraged. To protect the public, as owners, against sales at what may prove to be too low a price, it has been the policy in the past to allow no operations extending over more than five years. A plan has, however, now been devised for allowing longer operations, with a periodic revision of the stumpage rates. At the end of the first five years of the Tahoe sale the price to be paid for the timber cut in the following five years will be determined by the prices of lumber which have ruled in the locality during the preceding year. Since it is recognized that present stumpage prices are rather high in proportion to present lumber prices, if lumber prices do not show an increase of $2 per thousand feet the stumpage price will not be changed. On any increase above $2 per thousand three-fourths of the amount of the increase may be added to the stumpage price. The Tahoe sale will call for the construction of 20 miles of railroad, which will be a common carrier and therefore decidedly beneficial to the community — another reason for making the sale which is taken into account. A minimum price of $2.50 per thou- sand feet for yellow pine, the amount of which is estimated at 52,000,000 feet, and also for sugar pine, and of $1 per thousand feet for all other species is specified in the adver- EXPENDITURES FOE NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 47 tisement. The interest which has been shown by lumbermen in this sale leads the forest officers to believe that one or more bids will undoubtedly be received. The usual conditions of cutting national forest timber, to insure a renewal of the forest and close utilization of what is cut, will be incorporated in the contract of sale. That national forest timber is in increasing demand is evidenced by the fact that over 830,000,000 feet were sold during the year which ended on June 30, 1911, as against less than 575,000,000 feet in the previous year. The current year is likely to show a still higher total. National forest cross areas, in acres, by States. State or Territory. Area Dec. 31, 1904. Area June 30, 1910. Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Florida Idaho Kansas Michigan Minnesota Montana Nebraska Nevada New Mexico. . , North Dakota. Oklahoma Oregon South Dakota. Utah Washington . . . Wyoming Total in United States . Alaska Porto Rico ^ Grand total. 6,740,410 9,388,624 2,872,599 3,936,840 7,845,920 208,902 3,257,920 57, 120 4,637,560 1,244,840 2, 722, 760 6, 940, ^30 8, 197, 799 58,0.52,054 4, 909, 880 65,950 214,745 189,781 968,510 491,791 674,891 963, 171 302,387 163,373 204,486 474,696 566, 072 109,415 140, 123 13,940 60,800 920,822 294,440 411,157 007,340 941,681 166,103,621 26,761,626 65,950 192,931,197 When the forest reserves were transferred to the Bepartment of Agriculture m 1905, the gross area was approximately 63,000,000 acres. On June 30, 1910, the gross areao of the national forests was 192,931,197 acres, or about 300,000 square miles. Within this area was embraced alienated lands of States and private owners equal to about 11 per cent of the gross area. The forests are subdivided into ranger districts for protective purposes, each district covered by a forest officer, with an average area of 163 square miles assigned to each officer. The cost of administration, improvement, and protection, as shown by the report of the Forester for 1910, averages 2.2 cents per acre. The earnings from all sources during the year 1910 average one and eight-hundred ths cents per acre. The number of ranger districts is eight to each forest, or a totak)f 1,192 ranger districts. Each district ranger is assigned a headquarters, and is provided with office supplies, stationery, and furniture. The standard equipment of a ranger office "consists of 1 typewriter, 1 typewriter stand, 1 table, 2 chairs, 1 filing case, 1 heating stove, window shades, linoleum, etc. Some of the rangers, however, whose duties are entirely protective, are not provided with the entire ofBce equipment above described. During the period 1900 to 1910, inclusive, 1,202 typewriters were purchased. It is evident, therefore, that many of the ranger stations are as yet unprovided with typewriters, but with the increase of" use of the forests additional equipments must be provided. The general adminstration of the Forest Service is divided into districts, with headquarters located at convenient points, as follows: Forester, Associate Forester, and general staff, Washington, D. 0, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wis. Paper Pulp Laboratory, Wausau, Wis. Wood Utilization, Chicago, 111. District forester and staff, district 1, Missoula, Mont. District forester and staff, district 2, Denver, Colo. District forester and staff, district 3, Albuquarque, N. Mex. District forester and staff, district 4, Ogden, Utah. District forester and staff, district 5, San Francisco, Cal. District forester and staff, district 6, Portland, Oreg. 48 EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. VALUE OF RESOURCES AND COST OF ADMINISTRATION. The direct value of the national forests as property exceeds, at a very moderate estimate $2 000 000,000. The standing merchantable timber alone was reported on June 30 'l910, as the equivalent of 530,000,000,000 feet b. m. The forests also con- tribute to national prosperity through water protection, range conservation, and the maintenance of timber supplies essential to many Western industries. This indirect value greatly increases their importance as public resources, but can not be stated in terms of money equivalent. , t^ . o • t:' i. The administration of the national forests passed to the Forest bervice on l^ebruary 1 1905 Of the expenditures made in that year, $435,095.32 was under appropria- tions carried by the agricultural appropriation act of April 23, 1904, for the continua- tion of the earlier nonadministrative work. In the five preceding years there had been spent a total of $953,060.56. Expenditures from special appropriations not applicable to administrative work in the years 1906-1910, inclusive, totaled $95,252.89. Deductino- these sums from the total expenditues of the Forest Service for the 11 years ($16 657 759 98), there is left $15,174,331.21. Again deducting the credits shown on pa<^e 18 there is left a balance of $4,321,635.01 as the net cost of all work, both investi- gative and administrative, paid for out of appropriations not specifically made for other than national forest work, and for which there is not either an equivalent in hand in the form of property and improvements or an offset in the form of receipts paid into the Treasury. , . . . , ,. , ■ • *v. The estimated total expenditures for administering, protecting, and improving the national forests (including that part of the cost of the Washington office fairly charge- able a^-ainst national-forest administration), the average per acre expenditure, and the average per acre receipts for the years 1905 to 1910, inclusive, was as follows: Fiscal year- 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 Total Expenditures. $509,186.68 956,999.67 1,538,419.31 3,118,267.21 3,554,896.03 4,351,152.55 14,028,921.45 Expendi- tures per acre. SO. 0059 .0089 .0102 .0186 .0182 .022 Receipts per acre. SO. 00085 .0089 .0104 .011 .0093 If the balance is struck by deducting the credits from this amount, the net cost of administration (including all overhead charges) becomes $3,176,225.25. This is equal to an average net cost of less than $530,000 a year, or under one-fourth mill on the dollar of the direct value of the property administered and protected. Against this net cost must be set the pubUc service rendered by protection and retnilated use of the national forests. In the single year 1910, 2,464 fires, or over 75 per cent of the total number reported on the national forests, were extinguished by the forest ofiicers discovering them, without material damage and without extra help or expense. The stock industry alone benefits by regulated grazing to an extent far exceeding the above net cost. The timber on the forests is advancing in value at the rate of not less than $50,000,000 a year. EXPENDITURES FOR NATIONAL FOREST ADMINISTRATION. 49 H. Doc. 681, 62-2- O Qj' LBAg'l2 i