JOSEPH HART nO ■.- H • is" .^' '^G. ^-> -^^^ RE\'. C. C. HART. JOSEPH HART AXl) HIS DESCKNDANTS EDITED nV Ri:\'. C. C\ HART, AND DKDICATED TO THE TRIBE. ST. I.OIIS, MO.: I< !• Stuolkt * Co., pHIKTBaa. 1901. > -<:, V, - ^ -7- '\ ^v:. x» PREFACE. Three ami a half years ago my brother, James H. Hart, and other relatives, sug^esteii to me the duty of preparing, for the use of our relatives, a history of my father, Josf.i'H IIakt, and his descendants. The little volume here presented is not the work of one person, but of many. It lays no claim to literary ability ; nor does it seek to display heroes, or millionaires, but to show how the life of this humble, modest. Christian man and his descendants, illustrates: First, God's faithfulness to his covenant. "I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generation, for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee and to thy seed after thee." Gen. 17:7. Secondly: God's providential care over his people. " I have been young, and now am old ; yet have I not seen the righteous forsaken, nor his seed begging bread." Ps. 37 :2^. Antl hence, a history of God's people should l>e preserved. *' Tlie righteous shall be in everlasting remembrance." I's. 1 1 2 :6. For convenience the work is divided into six chapters. Chai'TKr I. The ancestry — so far as known — of Joseph Hart, the birth of his eleven chiklren, his emigration to, and death, in Indiana. Chapter II. Edward and Elizabeth (Hood) Hart, and his descendants (p. iS). Chapter III. Thomas and Elizabeth (Duncan) Hart, and their descendants (p. 32). Chapter IV. Gideon H. and Hetty A. (Taylor) Ilait, and Elizal)Cth Halt, and their descendants (p. 53). Chapter V. Joseph, Jr. — Silas — Elizabeth — Samuel — James HarN'C) and their dcucendants (p. 71). Chapter VI. (p. So). The Preachers. These arc given in the order of their ministerial ncniority. Rev. Jacob I). Hart, great-great- granditon of the Patriarch, pastor of the Secc noticed further on. — 6 — In the early part of 1777 the foster father of Joseph Hart was drafted into the Army of the Revolution from Loudon County Virginia Joseph said to him: "You have a family, and should you be killed, your family will have no protector. You took care of me in my childhood ; I will now be your substitute in the army tor I have no one dependent on me." Record and Pension Office, War Department, Washington, Oct. 11, 1895. The records of this office show that Joseph Hart served in Captam Holcomb s company of the Fourth Virginia regiment commanded by Colonel Thomas Elliot, and also in Captain Thomas Ridley s company of the Virginia regiment, commanded by Colonel Robert Lawson, Revolutionary War. His name is first borne on the rolls of the Fourth Virginia regiment for April 1777, and It appears also on subsequent rolls to February 1778' when he is reported "Discharged, Feb. 16, 1778." Neither the date nor the term of his enlistment is shown by the record By authority of the Secretary of War. F. C. AINSWORTH, Col. U. S. Army, Chief of Office. . > , Soon after his enHstm.ent, April, 1777, his ree-iment wa^ nr ■ ■ Wj.^ dered to South Carolina. In SeptembL^^ollowLf Spta7n Ho " ,,...A^^ combs company was engaged in a moonlight battle with some ^ ffVldd^ British and Tories, near Guilford Courthouse; S. C. In this bat- /i^lAct ^l5;^Pf;" Holcomb and several of his officers were killed; also ::Z ^n ,^^^7,f the privates were either killed or wounded, and the mus- T0.P.1 w . co"^Pany was lost. And this fact accounts for Joseph Harts appearing m Captain Ridley's companv com- manded by Colonel Lawson. ^ ^ dTte WH T' ^°""f^d j" the right hip by a musket ball. After the battle he was placed on a horse and taken to a barn lereTiktn r'' 'I'^f'^' P'^" ^^"^^^' ^^^^^ -°""ded soldiers were taken, where he lay until morning. He wore buckskin thi ri'/ht' W oHh" ^'^ ^"^-^^°" ^^?^ ^°^^^-"- '^' he found the right leg of this garment so stiff with blood that it could not was'foZi fo^r' f "^^ "^^ '^^"^ ^°P *° ^°"°-- The wound was found to be of such a nature as to disable him for further military service. The ball had lodged deep in the groin and was not extracted ; and hence he earn! d British lead i^hS body to / -7 — his grave. He was never afterwards able to do a day's hard labor, but was a vcr)' industrious man, even up to old age. .Xiter his discharge he returned to his home in \'irginia. When nine- teen years of age he left Loudon County and went to Tygert's \'alley. in Greene County. \'irgiuia. Here we lose sight of the foster father, to whom he owed much for his Christian kindness to him in his infancy and youth, but whose name is unknown to us. Joseph's Christian principles led him to regard human slavery as a wrong to his fellow-man, and therefore a sin against God, and this is assigned as a principal reason for leaving Lou- don, where slavery existed, to seek a home in CJreene County. But in Tygert's V^alley there was much fertile unoccupied land which attracted the attention of slave-holding tobacco planters. On the influx of slave-holders, Joseph left Tygert's \'alley and moved to Washington County, X'irginia. Here in 1788, at the age of twent\-seven, he was married to Miss Nancy Shanklin, of whose history we have not been able to learn. Here their first son, Edward, was br»ni in 1789. Rut the fertile lands of Washington County drew the slave-holding planters to this part of \irginia. With the hope that the colony of Tennessee would become a free state, Mr. Hart made a journey to Blount County, Tennessee. Being pleased with the country, he returned to Vir- ginia, and in the spring of 1790, with his wife, infant son and his half sister — Jane Hart — movcil to P.lojmt County, Tennessee. The Cherokee and Creek Indians had been removed to Georgia, but a few would return to their old haunts, steal horses and kill any white j)eople exposed to their raids. To protect themselves, Mr. Hart and .Arthur (jreer united with other pioneer settlers in building a blockhouse and fort — known as "Old Fort McTeer" — a part of which is still to be seen, and is within the corporate limits of MaPk'ville. The family lived in the fort four or five • ' .rs. During this time Mr. Hart bought 320 acres of land, ■ e and a half miles northeast of the fort, where he cleared land and built the first two-story frame house in Blount County. The house was located near the "Big Spring." and a part of it is still stan«ling — k/X) — and has ever since been ()ccupied by some member of the Hart family. Here he planted an api)!e or- chard, some of which was liearing fruit one huiulred years after planting. When it was considered safe from Indian raids, the ' ' ' into their home and there continued tf) reside un- i.. . ^- :. 1821. In I7';7. sared for the great event — to emigrate to a new coun- try. They had said good-bye to the old home, to old and fa- miliar scenes, to old neighbors, to the old church, and to the dear old pastor. Neighbors and friends came to see them start. The company consisted of the father, the mother, Silas and I-lliza- bcth of the first family, the four boys of the second family, and Robert McClure. a young man hired for the occasion. They were provided with two wagons, each with two horses, and an extra horse with saddle (which the fathiT rode), a large tent and two cows, which answered the twofold purpose of furnishing milk for the journey and a supply of that much needed article in their new home. The first evening the tent was pitche*! by Will's Creek, seven miles from the starting place. Supper being end- ed, the stock cared for, a chapter in the Bible was read, prayer was offered and the pilgrims took their first night's rest in the wiMerness. 'Hie next m*>rning before sed to hunting, because it encouraged an idle, shiftless manner of life, that he would not have a gun about the house. In this cabin a chapter of the Bi- ble was read, a hymn was sung anil j^rayer offered nujrning and evening. In the absence of the father the mother conducted this service. Here by the blazing fire of beech and hickory in the winter evenings, and in less cold weather by the light made by the dry bark of the great pojilar trees, the mother sinm llax on the "lit- tle wheel" or engaged in knitting; while the father and the boys committed to memory the questions and answers of the Shorter Catechism. Many chapters of the I'ible were also comtuitted to memory. After these tasks were done — though they were not tasks, but always a pleasant pastime — the boys would engage in some simple play, while the father would sing hymns from mem- orv. such as "How Firm a Foundation. Ve Saints of the Lord." "\Vhen I Can Read Mv Title Clear," "There Is a I-ountain I'illed With Bln horseback the next day. In this cabin the preacher was often entertained, notably Rev. John M. Dickey. ( )n these occasions the boys were cxaminefl as to their knowledge of the catechism. This cabin was also the only preaching place in the noighborhocjd for sev- eral years. A traveling preacher would arrive, the neighbors wen 1. All w«nild leave their work, come to this hum- ble d.".. '>•^•^i and hear a sernu)n. A-s to food an*l clothing, these were of the simplest kind. The clothing was made almost wholly of wfxjl and flax. fCach family kept a few sheep and raised a "patch' of flax each year. These artici' - [)nn. woven and made into garments at home or by e\ ^ . work with some neighbor. 1 he father made the shoes for the family, Ixjth shoes for eaclj i>erson being made on — 12 — the same last. Hats for summer were made of rye straw or splits from the buckeye tree. Corn bread, mush and milk and vege- tables, with a limited amount of hog meat, supplemented with eggs, fowls, fish and wild game caught in traps, constituted al- most the entire food. Tea and coffee were almost unknown. Some buckwheat was raised and ground in the corn mill. For the first five years there was but little wheat raised, as there were no mills for making flour. There was no fruit until it could be grown from seed brought from the old home. In the sprmg a supply of sugar was made from the sap of the sugar maple, which grew abundantly in that region. '' The following note is from the history of Bartholomew Coun- ty: "On the third day of July, 1824, the Presbyterian church of Columbus was organized, consisting of seventeen members. Jo- seph Hart and his wife, Mary Hart, are the first names on the roll. Mr. Hart was made Ruling Elder, and for many years was the only Ruling Elder, and was Clerk of the Session until the time of his death. Presbyterianism and Christianity in this com- y munity owe a great deal to this godly man." In those days whisky was cheap, 18^ cents per gallon, or six gallons for a dollar; and was used at all neighborhood gather- ings, such as log-rollings, house or barn raisings, harvestings, corn huskings, and sometimes at weddings. This pioneer, see- ing the evils of this custom, determined to abolish it from his premises. In the spring of 1825 a half-day's log rolling was to be done and the neighbors were to be invited. The messenger was directed to say to each one : "There will be no whisky, but father says he will try to treat you well." All came. About the middle of the afternoon the mother sent to the field a pot of hot cofifee, milk, sugar, tincups and pewter spoons ; also a large tray of hot corn pone. The father said : "Come, men, let's have some refreshments." All, seated on logs, partook of this substitute for whisky, and all seemed well pleased. The work was done be- fore sunset, and the men were called to supper, After which they voted it the best log rolling of the season. Thus, quietly and without the neighbors knowing it, a most important temperance reform was happily inaugurated, and in a few years no whisky was seen at any neighborhood gatherings. This pioneer served several years as magistrate. In those days the magistrates of the county met twice each month and held County Court. Much of the judicial business of the county was transacted at these meetings. Mr. Hart taught school both winter and summer, but mostly in the summer. The text books used in these pioneer — >3 — schools were "Noali Webster's FJciuentary S|)ellinji^ Hook." "In- troduction to the English Reailer, " the New Testament and "Pike's" or "Sniiley's Arithmetic." The only classes formed were in spelling. Those who could spell words only in one or two syllables were drawn up in line and exercised in spelling "for head" just before the noon recess. All others went through a similar exercise before dismission in the afternoon. The readers. one at a time, read to the master several lessons each day. Those studying arithmetic seldom i\'u\ any other work, e.xcejjt to spel! and write. Writing was done with quill pens, made by the mas- ter, each scholar furnishing his own tiuills. All scholars were required to study aloud, and this constituted a loud school. And a loud school it was. In the spring of i8j6 Mr. Hart organized in his neighborhood the tirst Sabbath School in the county. The exercises of this school consisted of reading the Scriptures, sing- ing a hymn, prayer ajid reciting verses of Scripture committed to memory during the week ; some reciting from twenty-five to fifty verses each Sabbath. He also engaged occasionally in work for the American Bible Society. There are Hibles in Bar- tholomew County to this day furnished by this pioneer gospel worker. On tlie afternoon of June 6. 1826, a dark cloud oversiiadowi-d this Christian household. The father was teaching in the neigh- borhood school house; the three younger boys were in school. Mrs. Sloan, a Christian neighbor, was spending the afternoon with the mother. A boy came to the school house, and looking in, exclaimed: "William is drowned I" The father and two oi the boys hastened to the creek, half a mile distant ; the other was sent home to break the sad news to the mother, who was then preparing supper. The message was conveyed to her in a whis- per. .Silt- turned to Mrs. Sloan and said: ".My son is flrowned." And kneeling l)y a chair that nnjther jxiured forth a full heart t ) Him who alone is a present help in trouble. After intjuiring about the sad aflFair, she went on with her work, ate supper and calmly waitr«| imtil the lifeless body «)f her first born was brot; ' home. There was no outburst of lamentation, but a quiet ft ^ nation to the will of her heavenly I'athcr. The burial took place the next day, the first laid in Sand Hill graveyard, for up to this time the nei; " had buried their dead on their own land. I'or more than a . ..; nothing unusual occurred in the uneventful history of this humble pioneer family, y /s :/,/ Alxjiit the first of 5>cptcmbcr. liJ'-^. the mother was attacked with bilious fever. Dr. Ki^cr was sent for, the first time a physi- — 14 — cian was called to this home. Some of the ladies of the church in Columbus came on horseback to show their sympathy and render such help as they could. The ever-ready and faithful Mrs. Sloan was with her during the night of the loth of Septem- ber, but went home at daybreak to prepare breakfast for her own family. At the rising of the sun, Sept. ii, 1827, the mother gave a parting message to each of her children. The father, in a clear voice, sang — "Jesus can make a dying bed , Feel soft as downy pillows are; While upon His breast I lean my head And breathe my life out sweetly there," And good Mary Hart was not, for the Lord had taken her. Then followed a simple breakfast and family worship. The day fol- lowing she was laid in Sand Hill graveyard by the side of her son. The two older boys went to live with two families in the neighborhood during the coming winter. The father and the younger son made their home with Gideon B. Hart, who had married and was living on a farm one mile northwest of the home place. And the dear little cabin home, that had sheltered us for six happy years, passed into the hands of strangers. In March, 1828, James Harvey was apprenticed to John B. Abbot, of Columbus, to learn the tailor's trade. Here he served six years. In May, 1828, the father and his son Samuel made a journey to Columbia, Maurey County, Tennessee, where Joseph Hart, Jr., was then residing. To prepare for this journey a one- horse Jersey wagon was bought. The women of the church spun and wove the cloth, and then came together at the house of Gid- eon B. Hart and made a suit of clothes for each and a Scotch plaid coat for the father, which had a belt and velvet collar. So stylish a cloak had not been seen in the neighborhood before. This journey occupied two weeks, and was the only journey the father ever made with a wheeled vehicle. The father remained in Tennessee two years, engaged in teaching the greater part of the time, and then returned on horseback and made his home with his son Gideon the remainder of his life. After his return from Tennessee in 1830. Congressman Wil- liam Herod visited this Revolutionary soldier to induce him to apply for a pension. But he said "No; I did not go into the army for money, and I served only a short time." The lawyer repHed, "But you were wounded in the service and partially dis- ! abled for life." "Tnic, but I did very little service for the coun- try. The goveniment is now in debt, and I cannot ask for money." Tlu- subject was then dropjK'd. tiiovi^h renewed several times, but always with the same result. After his return from Tennessee. Mr. Hart lauijlu school sev- eral sunnners. either in his own neighborhood or in the Haw patch. In Febniary. 1H36. he sent his youngest son, a lad of sixteen, to Salem, Washington County, sixty miles froin home, to learn a trade. In the following May the father went to Salem anchool and \ew School, claiming that the division was unnecessary and a violation of the constitution of the church. He became a decided New School man, but al- ways was charitable to the opposite j)arty. His return from Washington County, June, 1H3S. was the last journey he matle on horseback, his favorite mode of traveling. A considerable portion of his time in past years he spent in work for the Ameri- can Bible Society. As to his person, Mr. Hart was five feet, eight inclies in height. weight alxjut 130 pounds. He was always neat in his person and dress. Never haad rim. His letters. Nsxitten to his chil- dren from 1825 tf) 1838. were very lengthy, correct in spelling and grammar, clear and concise in coju; ••■!). while the hand- writing is a marvel. The paper used w.. ,<• aiid uivuled, yet the lines arc as straight as if written on niled paper; the letters wr!! fMrtTirfl. every "i" is dotted and every "t" crossed. Postage, twenty five cents. — i6 — In September, 1839, he was stricken with paralysis in his right side, from which he never fully recovered. About a year later he had a second stroke of paralysis, which rendered him almost helpless. After this he never left his room ; and for six months before his death could not lie down on account of a dropsical affection. During this time his granddaughter, now Mrs. Mary E. Braden, of St. Louis, Mo., was his most faithful, efficient and affectionate attendant, administering to his wants during the day. At night his son Gideon was his nurse. Here let it be re- corded that during all the years that|liis father made his home in the family of his son Gideon, Hetty, the good and faithful wife of Gideon, was ever and always a most kind and affection- ate daughter to her father-in-law ; anticipating his wants and al- ways ready to make any sacrifice for his comfort. During all the time of his helplessness he manifested the greatest cheerful- ness and patience, with unabated trust in his heavenly Father ; often repeating the hymn, "How firm a foundation, ye saints of the Lord, is laid for your faith in His excellent word ;" or, "There Is a Fountain Filled with Blood," and many others ; also many passages of Scripture committed to memory in his youth. The writer of these lines visited him five weeks before his death, and at the final leavetaking the father said : "My son, I shall live but a short time. When you hear of my death do not put on any outward sign of mourning ; it will be a time of great joy to me." On the morning of June 20, 1841, he passed into the presence of his Lord whom, not having seen, he loved. Thus ended the earthly life of this remarkable pioneer and patriarch, at the age of eighty years and three days. Remarkable in that he was converted in his early youth ; remarkable in that he volun- teered to take the place of his foster father, who had been draft- ed into the army; remarkable in that, although he had been wounded and thereby partially disabled for life, yet he refused to apply for a pension ; remarkable as a pioneer teacher, as a tem- perance reformer, as a Sabbath School and Bible Society worker ; remarkable for his cheerfulness, enterprise and industry, not- withstanding his infirmities ; remarkable, above all else, for his simplicity of life, integrity and uprightness in dealing with his fellow-men, and in his modest Christian life. He lived the Gold- en Rule. And for more than fifty years he truly walked with God. His life was a manifest illustration of God's faithfulness to His covenant with Abraham, viz : "And I will establish my covenant between me and thee, and thy seed after thee in their -17- gencrations. for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee and thy secil alter tlicc." (Lien. 17: 7.) The writer has seen and baptized one in the sixth generation of this patriarch, and knows personally more than one hundred of his descendants. He has also, by correspondence, some knowledge o{ about five hundreil others. Of this number, at least tw».» hundreil are, or were when living. Christians. Many of them are active in the Lord's service, and a vci^' large majority are members of the Presbyterian church. Ten are preachers, many are ruling elders, superintendents of Sabbaih Schools and other oiVicers of the church. "Let the righteous be had in everlasting remembrance." The above sketch was compiled — 1899 — ^*y J^nies Harvey and Charles C. Hart, the only surviving sons of Joseph Hart. i8 — CHAPTER II. EDWARD AND ELIZABETH (HOOD) HART AND THEIR DESCENDANTS. Edward, the first child of Joseph and Nancy Shanklin Hart, was born in Washington County, Virginia, Sept. 14, 1788; died Oct. 24, 1858, aged 70 years. In 1791 his parents emigrated to Blount County, East Tennes- see. His early education was limited only by his opportunities. When one considers the wonderful beauty of East Tennessee, with its great natural resources, it is not strange that the sturdy and loyal people who first settled here should have been will- ing to endure any hardship in order to establish homes in this mountainous begirt land. Such surroundings never could tend to weaken the character of these people and, indeed, it almost seems that the strength of these hills must have imparted to them a certain strength of character. Here Edward Hart spent all his days except his early infancy. His boyhood was full of thrill- ing adventure, for at that time this country was subject to fre- quent raids by Indians, so that Edward spent many a day in the fort, or old blockhouse, known as Fort McTeer, where the early pioneers sought refuge from the Indians. One of Maryville's most desirable residence streets runs directly through the for- mer site of this old fort. When a youth Edward became an ex- pert in driving a four and also a six-horse team from the saddle, using only one line. He made frequent trips with country pro- duce from Blount County to Georgia, with cotton from Georgia to Baltimore, and with goods from Baltimore to merchants at Knoxville and Maryville. The round trip occupied about three months. He also hauled salt from the salt works in Virginia, a distance of eighty miles. In speaking of his early life, he said : "I was always in the saddle." February 22, 1814. Edward was married to Miss Elizabeth Hood, daughter of Nathaniel Hood, one of East Tennessee's — 19 — staunch pioneers. Elizabeth Hood was born Jan. 27, 1796; died Xov. 9, 1849, aged 53 years. She was eighteen and her husband twentv-five at the time of their marriage. In thi;)se days the cus- torn of showering the happy couple with rice had not come into vugue. possibly for the ver>- good reason that rice was too ex- pensive an article, or was not to be had at any price. Good wishes, however, were not lacking, and it seems that salt was the medium through which they were conveyed at that time ; for upon enter ing the new home, which stood only a few huiulred yards from Kdward Hart's boyhood home, the customary pile of salt was found on the hearthstone. In this same home they spent the re- mainder of their days and reared their family of twelve children, x all but two of whom reached the years of maturity. Their I names are as follows: Xancy Shanklin. born Dec. 14. 1814; Jo- seph, July 21. 1816: Margaret Maria. May 14, 1818; Abagail, ( " '■ch 13. 1820: Nathaniel. Dec. I. 1820: John. May 8. 1823: .i,..mas, Aug. 28. 1825; Elizabeth. Dec. i. 1827: James Harvey, .Xjiril 20, 1830. died Sept. 14. 1831 : Hetty Ann. July 12. 1832; Samuel Blackburn. Jan. 6. 1833; .\nnis Isabella. Jan. 19, 1837, died at the age of three years. Edward Hart united with the New Providence Tresbyterian Church July 26. 1826, under the pastorate of Rev. Isaac .Ander- son, n. D. In May. 1827. his wife united with the same church. Their children were all baptized by Dr. Anderson. New Provi- dence church at that time had 800 nv^mbers. Nancy Shanklin Hart, at the age of nineteen, united with New Providence Church, and on April 7. 1836, was married to a Pres- byterian clergyman, Rev. (leorge .Anderson Mat lies. After their irnrriage Mr. Mathes preachetl and taught several years in Ashe- ville, N. C. His next pastorate was at Rogersville, Tenn.. where he remained until his death, which occurred March 30. iK.}6 He was a scholarly, able and successful minister. They had four children, two of whom died in infancy. After the death of Mr. '' ' the mother, with the n-maining two children, returned :.ither's. Her daughter, .Mary Jane Mathes, married Mr. James Chandler. Their only child died. Mr. Chandler and his wif" moved to Clarksvillc. .Ark., where they bf>th died. y Mathes married Mr. .Sanniel Foster, of Knox county. Tlie, i..-..* Micldle Tennessee. Two daughters were born in them, Pearl and Irene Kvella. The parents Iwjth died in 1889, anfl the children came to Maryville to reside with their uncle, Mr Blackburn Ross. IVarl r«»ster marriofl Mr. Henrv Rankin, ■' Mossv Creek, Tcnn. T]u\' have one child. Myrtle, bom in 20 i894- Trene Evella Foster still (1898) lives with her uncle and is in school at Maryville. April 9, 1850, Mrs. Nancy Shanklin (Hart) Mathes was mar- ried to Mr. William Ross, who was a native of North Carolina, but came to Knox County. They lived on a farm near Knox- ville twelve years, and then moved to Louisville, Blount County. During the Civil War he was drafted into the Confederate Army and held for several years as a shoemaker. For thirty years he was an elder in Spring Place Presbyterian Church in Knox Coun- ty, but died in Louisville, Blount County, Oct. 2, 1867. They had four children, Rowena, Gaines Blackburn, Hetty, Flora Alice. The latter died at Louisville, East Tennessee, at the age of six years. After the death of her husband, Mrs. Ross moved to Maryville, where she died June 18, 1874. Rowena Ross married John Parker. They live near Manchester, Tenn., and have no children. Gaines Blackburn Ross is a successful merchant in Maryville, a self-educated man, and deserves the prosperity he enjoys. He is a member of New Providence Church. He was married July 5, 1877, to Miss Nannie P. Malcolm. To them four sons were born ; William, John, Samuel and Charles. The three younger died in infancy. Hetty Ross married Mr. John Lambert, of Middle Tennessee. They have six children; William, Robert, Samuel, Dora, Josie and Grace. They moved to East Tennessee, where Mr. Lam- bert died. In 1890 Mrs. Lambert married Mr. Mark Simpson, of Mary- ville, Blount County, and was elected elder in the church in that place in 1897, and in 1898 Mrs. Simpson and her children re- turned to Millsboro, Middle Tennessee, where her sons are en- gaged in farming. Joseph Hart, the only living member of Edward Hart's fam- ily (1900), was born July 21, 1816. At the age of seventeen he united with New Providence church. In early manhood he was elected an elder, and in 1843 was made Clerk of the Session. He was a cabinet-maker and carpenter, a skillful mechanic, and wrought at his trade for many years and was successful in his business. When about forty years of age he moved to Louis- ville, Blount county, and was elected elder in the church in that place. He afterwards moved to Knox County, and for many years has been an elder in the Erin Presbyterian Church. Beard- en Post Office. He has led a remarkably active Hfe, and is still (1900), at the age of 83, quite active, though partially blind. At the age of twenty-five he was married to Miss Jane Johnson. — 21 Tlicy reared a family of six cliiklren ; Kmily l£lizal)eth. William, Susan MatiKla, Mary Wrij^ht. John Craig ami Hllen. Emily l£!i/abetli married Mr. Benjamin M. Robertson, a railroad engi- neer. They made their home in Cleveland, Temi. They have no chihlren. After his death, iStKD. the \vidi>\v returned to her fath- er's home, near Ebenczcr Post OtVicc, Knox County. William, second child of Joseph Mart, during the Civil War \\*as a soldier in the Third Tennessee Cavalry. Federal Army. He is an elder in the Cumberland IVesbyterian Church of Mbenczer, Knox County. He married Miss (Olivia Xelson. Their home for several years was at Ebenezer. where he was engaged in farm- ing and dairying. He afterwards removed to Knoxville and is engaged in the family grocery business. Jacob D. Hart, their oldest son. is pastor of the Second liaptist church in Petersburg, \'a. He is a talented and gifted young preacher, deeply spir- itually-minded, consecrated to his work and successful. .Mice, second child of William Hart, married a Mr. Price. They live in Knoxville and have no children. Samuel, third child of William Hart, married Miss Callic Coon. They are living on his father's old homestead at Kbcnezer. They have two children. McLamy, fourth child of William Hart, is a plumber by trade, doing business in Knoxville. unmarried. .•\rthur, fifth child of William Hart, assists his father in the grocery store. Emma, sixth child of William, married a Mr. Foster. They live in Knoxville and have one child. Stella. Tom and Lottie, children of William, arc wiih their parents. Susan Matilda. Joseph Hart's third child, was married to Mr. Robert Gray. Feb. 2, i8<^. They live near Ebenezer. Knox County. Mr. Gray was in the Federal .\rmy during the Civil \\'ar. He is now a j)rosperous farmer. They have two children, I-.rnma and Joseph Harold. Mary Wright. Joseph Hart's fourth child, born May 12, 1851 ; died June 21. 1852. John Craig, fifth child of Joseph, born He is a member nf the Presbyterian Church at Concord. He marriec one of the best fartners in the county. Ellen, the sixth child of Joseph Hart, married Mr. Willi.im Henson. Tliey own a g«)od river farnj near Concord, Hlotmt — 22 County. They are members of the Baptist Church. They have four children, Norena, Robert, Alvin and Goldie. Jane Johnson, the good wife of Joseph Hart, died at their home, Ebenezer, Knox County, Tennessee. Margaret Maria Hart was born May 14, 181 8, and was mar- ried to Mr. Wilham Alfred Mathes in 1837. They lived near Dandridge, Jeflferson county, Tennessee. In their early married life Mr. Mathes was engaged in farming and teaching, and at different periods was employed as colporteur by the American Tract Society, the American Bible Society and the American Sunday School Union, and as temperance lecturer; but always regarded the farm as the main support of his family. During all this period he was connected with the Presbyterian Church, but later in life he joined the Cumberland Presbyterian Church and was ordained as a minister in that denomination. Through his efforts a house of worship was erected on the corner of his farm, but within a year after its completion it was destroyed by fire. Nothing daunted, he began collecting funds and material for re- building, and persevered until a second building was erected, and for many years he preached and conducted Sunday School in this house. Plis good and ever faithful wife died Dec. 20, 1881, aged sixty-three years. She was a woman of great courage and stead- fast faith in the promises of God. Letters to her father, written when her children were small, show that whatever her hardships or privations, and they were many, her faith remained unshaken. Pier greatest desire was to bring up her children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord. They had eight children, James Harvey, Nancy Elizabeth, George Anderson, Rachel Emeline, William Edward Hart, John Theron, Nathaniel Beecher and Cordelia Josephine. Several years after the death of his wife Mr. Mathes married Miss Hettie Elizabeth Edgar. Mr. Mathes, though feeble from age, still (1898) preaches occasionally. NOTE— Rev. William Alfred Mathes died Sept. .., 1899, at the age of 85 years. James Harvey, oldest son of W. A. and M. M. Mathes, was Captain of a company and Adjutant of the Thirty-seventh Ten- nessee, C. S. A; afterwards a staff officer in General Bates' old brigade. He lost a leg and had a horse shot from under him in fiont of Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1864. He had received a liberal education, and after the war he engaged in journalism. The writer feels tempted to copy the first letter he ever wrote. It was addressed to his uncle, Thomas Hart, and enclosed in a letter of his mother's to her father. : "April 26, 1846. Dear Un- — 33 — cle : I received your letter and was glad. I have not much to write, only that I am beginning \.o pU)Ugh a little. I am still go- ing to Sunday school. 1 will be examined, if 1 live, at the anni- versarv. I can't write much, but large streams from little foun- tains flow: tall oaks from little acorns grow. Yours. Jas. H. Mathes." This early promise was certainly fuHilled in after years. For after serving on the Memphis .\valanche. Louisville Courier and other papers, he became editor of the Memphis Ledger, which lie ably comlucted for twenty years, and in 1893 severed his connection with the press. About four years after the close of the war he was marrieil to Miss Mildred Sjiotswoo.l Cash, who, on her mother's side, came of old X'irginia families. She has been widely known as State Regent of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and in 1897 was prominent as one of the prime movers of the work of the Woman's I'.uilding at the Xash- ville Centennial Exposition. They have five children. First, Mildred Overton, a talented young woman. In 1893 she grad- uated from \'assar College, and soon after was elected to an im- portant position in a woman's college in Mississippi, .\fterwards she established a finishing schoeen a member of the State F.oard of \isitors of the L'niversity of Tennessee at Knoxville. He is a Mason; also a member me in a j)Uasant residence part of Memj)his. Nancy Elizabeth Mathes died in infancy. George Anderson Mathes entered the Confederate Army when he was very young; served in the Thirty-seventh Tennessee ; was womvled in front of Atlanta. Jtily 22. 1864. .After the war he completcfl his college erlucation, studied medicine, practiced law a few years, and then became editor of the Hrownsvillc States and Bee. He married Miss Mary ICnglish Dulan. of Jvsuth Caro- !:: .1 To them wa5 l»orn three daughters. Ntary. Belle and Geor- gia Tlie-se rhildrrn were early left orphans 'Hie mother died — 24 — first. Dr. Mathes died at the home of his brother in Memphis in 1881, aged thirty-eight years. Mary and Belle found a pleasant home with their uncle, Jas. Harvey Mathes, and have received a liberal education. Georgia was brought up by her aunt, Mrs. Emma Barton, of McMinn- ville, Tenn. Rachel Emaline Mathes received her education at Dandridge and at Mossy Creek. She married Judge James S. Barton, of McMinnville, and died in 1895. They had one son and one daughter, William Mathes Barton, a lawyer in McMinnvile, and Maggie Belle Barton. William Edward Hart Mathes was educated at Morristown and graduated at Washington College, Tenn. Studied law at Memphis. He married a daughter of Col. Harvey Williamson, of Shelby County, Tennessee. They had one daughter, who died at the age of ten. He practiced law in Memphis several years. In 1885 he moved to Ozark, Ark., where he is successful in his profession. His wife died while he lived in Memphis. After moving to Arkansas he married Miss Boundtree. They have two sons, Paul and Werdna. Mr. Mathes served one term in the Legislature of Arkansas and was a leader on the -floor. John Theron Mathes was educated at Tusculum College, Ten- nessee. Studied law, practiced in the courts of Mississippi and also in Crittenden County, Arkansas. Moved to Texas, and in 1882 was elected County Attorney, served one year and quit practice on account of throat trouble. Since that he has been in the insurance business in San Antonio, Tex. He is unmar- ried. NOTE — Nathaniel Beecher Mathes. An autobiographical sketch will be found in the Preachers' Chapter of this history. Cordelia Josephine Mathes graduated at Brownsville Female, College. She is a gifted artist, having studied two years in Mem- phis under Miss Nate Cail, attended the Cincinnati Conserva- tory of Art and conducted the art department in the schools of Sommerville, Tenn, Pine Bluff and Morrillton, Ark. In 1893 she was married to Mr. Shirley Hewen, a teacher. They live in Lit- tle Rock, Ark. He is connected with a business college of that place. Abagail Hart was bom March 2, 1838. She married Mr. James Boyd. The greater part of their lives was spent on a farm near Eusebia, Blount County. They have five children, Mary, Camp- bell, John, Eliza and WilHam. — 35 — Mary Boyd, tlic eldest, iiiarried a Mr. 1 lines. They have five children. Lee, Stella. Cordelia, James and Nellie. Mrs. Hincs died in 1890. After the death of his wife Mr. I lines moved to Knoxville. Nellie Mines, the youngest, keeps house for her father. The others have employment in Knoxville. Campbell Boyd married Miss Elizabeth McCulloch. They have five chilren, John, Ida. William. Fred and Nellie. Their first home wa'S at Eusebia. Blount County. Mr. Boyd was an elder in the Eusebia church. Then for several years they lived in Mary- ville. where they ownetl and managed a planing" mill. Their present home is in Knoxville. John Boyd, son of Campbell, married Miss Kidd, of Mary- ville. Tliey have two children, a son and daughter. Mr. Boyd is employed as a traveling agent for the (ireer Machine Com- pany, of Knoxville. Ida Boyd died in young girlhood. William Boyd, son of Campbell, married Miss Mary Bruce, of Blount County. They live in Scviervillc. Me is a mechanic. I'red Boyd married They live in Knox- ville, and have one son, a railroad conductor. Nellie Boyd is a young lady, at home with her parents. Elira I'.oyd. daughter of James Boyd, married .\rthur Kinna- mon. a farmer, near Maryvillc. Mc is an elder in the Centen- nial Presbyterian Church. They have four children, l^aulina, Johanna. Oscar and Ophelia. Paulina was a student in Maryville College, preparing herself for a teacher, but when just ready to become a help and stay to the family, the Lord tome and died Dec. 4. iH'A Thomas Hart was born Aug. 28. 1825 ; died Jan. 22. 1806. aged 72. Hr united with New Providence Church Sept. 2. 1838, with hi* sister Abagail and his brother John, (^n Oct. 1. 1856, he — 28 — brought to the old home, as his wife, Miss MaHssa Ceneth Moon, and on the family homestead they spent a long and happy mar- ried Hfe, and there his widow and three of their daughters still live (February, 1900). The house has been remodeled, but a part of the original structure — as built by the patriarch, Joseph Hart, in 1793 — remains in good condition. A railroad has been built near the dwelling, thereby mutilating the farm. But the "old spring" is still there, supplying an abundance of pure wa- ter, as it did in 1792, when the land was first claimed. Thomas Hart led a consistent, godly life, and on Aug. 27, 1865, he was ordained ruling elder in Rockford Church, with which church in course of time, all his family became members. For many years he was a trustee of Maryville College, and had at heart the good of all religious and educational institutions. Nine children were born to Thomas and Malissa Hart : Margaret Eliza, Laura Josephine, Efifie Cenith, William Edward, Cora, Belle, Thomas Samuel, Ella Blackburn and Nellie Jane (twins) and Jessie Ann. Margaret Eliza and Laura Josephine died in infancy. Efifie Cenith is at home with her mother and has ably man- aged the farm interest since the death of her father. William Edward, born Feb. 5, 1867, reached manhood, and had become his father's stay and dependence, but the Lord had need of him, and at the age of 22 he was called to his heavenly home. Cora Belle married Mr. Nathaniel O. Lowry, Oct. 19, 1893. Mr. Lowry is an enterprising young farmer. They lived one year in Madisonville, Tenn ; one year in Maryville. He then pur- chased a farm two miles west of Maryville, where he is a success- ful farmer. They have one daughter, Bernice Lee. Thomas Samuel, born March 17, 1872; died Feb. 16, 1873. Ella Blackburn and Nellie Jane were born Dec. 8, 1873. These twin sisters have very close resemblance to each other. They are general favorites among all the relatives. Notwithstanding their inseparable devotion to each other, Nellie, it seems, formed a still stronger attachment, and on Nov. 27, 1895, was married to Mr. James Newton Haddox, of Knox County. Mr. Haddox is a teacher in the public schools of Knox County, and a genial, Christian gentleman. They have two children, Thomas Hart and May. Ella Blackburn Hart is engaged in teaching, but makes her home with her mother. Jessie Ann, the youngest of the family, is also at home with her mother. — 29 — Thomas Hart gave all liis chiUlrcn educational advaiita^jis at Maryvillc College. The two sons-iii-law also received their edu- cation at Maryville. I{Jizabeth was bom Dec. i. 1827. She was married to Mr. John V. Hooke. May 15. 1849. They united with New Provi- dence Church Sept. '21. 1852. She died June 22. 1894, aged 67 years. Her children call her "blessed." Six children, three sons and three daughters, were boni to them: Robert H.. Albert M.. Ada A.. Arena A.. John Edward and Rlida. Robert H. and Albert M. Hooke graduated at Maryville Col- lege in the class of 1874 and from Danville Theological Seminary in 1877. The same year they were licensed and onlained Pres- bNlerian clergymen. Their biography will appear in the Preach- ers' chapter. R.ibert H. married in .Mtoona. Pa. They have no children. Alben M. married Miss I^ura Clark, of Bowling Green. Ky. Five children were born to them: Clark, Samuel, May, Mendell and Genevieve. John Edward Hooke died at the age of twelve. Ada, Arena and Elida Hooke received a liberal education at Maryville College, and all have been most competent teachers. Ada married Mr. David Park. They went to Wellington, Kan., where, within one year, the husband died. The widow re- turned to her parents. She has one S(jn. Perris Park, now Ot>X)) sixteen years old. and going to school in Maryville. Esquire John P. Hooke and his wife spent their entire married life on their fann. four miles east of Maryville, where they l)egan hou? ' ng. 'Sipjire Hooke was elected elder in New I^rovi- dcnci .oh in Septeniber, 1865, in which capacity he still serves (I900». and was elected Clerk of the Session, and served more than twenty years. In 1865 was elected trustee and treas- urer of Maryvillc College, and served in this capacity for twenty years. His Presbytery sent him as coininissi(»ner to the ( leneral Assembly which met May. i8«;8. at Winona. Ind. He and his daughters. Arena and Elida. arc still on the farm — 1900. ' Har>'ey Hart was born .\pril 29. 1830, and died Sept. 14. i8.ii. Hetty Ann Hart was born July 12. 1832. By her mother's death she was left in charge of the household at the age of thir- teen. She united with Now Providence Church May 30. 1852. un dcr the pastorate f»f Dr. Isaac .Ntulerson Dec. 16. 1858. about twrj nior"'' •'•• ^ »'" d'Mth of her father, she was jnarried to Mr John W n. They made their hon)c on a farm near — 30 — Boyd's Creek, Blount County. Mr. Eakin is a member of the United Presbyterian Church. He served as a Federal soldier in the civil war, Company B, Fourth Tennessee Regiment. During the three years of her husband's absence Mrs. Eakin went to the "Old Eakin" place and lived with her sisters-in-law, Mrs. Martha Eakin and Mrs. H. M. Eakin. All the men who did not enlist in the Confederate army, or make their escape to the Federal army, had to keep in such close hiding that they could do but little in carrying on the necessary labor of the community. And these three women, as did hundreds of other women in East Tennes- see, had to do their farm work, spin, weave and make their own and their children's clothing; and thus maintain a meager sub- sistence. During a part of this time Mrs. Eakin carried on a small school. At the close of the war Mr. Eakin was left totally blind, and remained so for six years, though he applied to famous oculists in Philadelphia and other cities. Finally, in Atlanta, Ga., he re- ceived 3-200 vision in one eye, which is still spared to him, so that he is able to walk about without a guide. Soon after their return from Atlanta they lost their home by fire. In 1874 he was elected Treasurer of Blount County, which office he held for two terms. During his term of of^ce they moved to Maryville where they have resided ever since. Mr. Eakin was brought up in the old Scotch Covenanter Church, and is at present an elder in the United Presbyterian Church at Big Spring. They have two children, John Samuel and Stella Hart Eakin. John Samuel Eakin was born Nov. 22, 1867. He graduated from Maryville College in the class of 1886. Three years later he graduated from Lane Theological Seminary, and in 1890 was ordained as a minister of the gospel by the Presbytery of Union. His autobiographical sketch appears in the Preachers' chapter. Stella Hart Eakin was born Oct. 6, 1873. I^^ early life she united with the New Providence Church. She graduated from Maryville College in the class of 1894, and has since remained with her father. Mrs. Hetty Ann Eakin was a woman of active mind, ready for any emergency, sterling character and an earnest Christian. She took great interest in church work, and in all missionary enterprises. She was a great comfort to her husband in his af- fliction. She died March 12, 1892, aged 60 years. Samuel Blackburn was born Jan. 6, 1835. At the age of seventeen he united with New Providence church. Later he 3' removeil liis membership to Rockfonl Church, lie took a par- tial course in Maryville College, but diii not graduate. He mar- ried Miss Josej)hine Singleton Dec. i6, 1857. They have no children. They lived on a farm at Rockford, then moved t(^ Louisville, iJlount County, where he engaged in mercantile busi- ness. Then for several years in Louisville, Ky., engaged in the same business. They then returned to East Tennessee, and lived on a farm, three miles east of Maryville. until his death, which occurred March 31, 1873. at the age of 38. He is said to have been a man of most engaging manners, ready wit. with a keen sense of humor. .\nil was greatly beloved wherever known. His widow lives in Knox County. "Aunt Josie." as she is widely known, is the universal favorite among all the Last Ten- nessee relatives. She must share every joy. every grief, and no family gathering is complete without her presence. She has lived a most unselfish life, giving herself unsparingly and unceasingly for others. She more than merits the affection and high esteem in which she is held. Annis Isabella was born Jan. 19, 1837. Died Jan. 24, 1840. Tlie blessing of having a godly ancestry cannot be too highly appreciated. I*!dward Hart reared his family in the strictest manner and instilled into them, by example and precept, the highest principles of morality and integrity, and his intUience is felt to the third and fourth generation. His descendants have led honorable and upright lives, bringing no blot on the family name. His wife, Llizabeth. was a nol)le woman, worthy of such a husband and such descendants. Ldward and IClizabeth Hart lie buried in the old graveyard adjoining the original site of New Providence Church, near Maryville. N'()TL — The above excellent sketch ot Ldward Hart and his dr-"' '".'ants was cc»mpiled by Miss .Stella Hart I'.ikin. of Mary- V: .it Tennessee, a grand daughter of Ldward and Llizabeth Hart C C H. 32 — CHAPTER III. A RECORD AND PARTIAL SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF THOMAS AND ELIZABETH (DUNCAN) HART AND THEIR POSTERITY. Thomas Hart, second son of Joseph and Nancy Hart, was born in the Blockhouse at Maryville, East Tennessee, Oct. 26, 1791. He was brought up on a farm three miles north of his birthplace, with the usual experiences of a boy of that day. Be- ing a son of Joseph Hart he had a good example to follow, and good influences about him. As good citizens were characteristic of the community where he lived, he had good associates, and thus there was no reason why he should grow up other than he was, a pure minded, earnest hearted Christian gentleman. His father being a teacher he had some educational advantages, was very fond of reading and possessed an excellent memory,' was interesting in conversation, when he could be so engaged, but being of a modest, retiring disposition, he never put himself for- ward, prefering to listen rather than be heard. He was five feet ten inches in height, and weighed about 165 pounds. He was a soldier in the war with Great Britain, 1812-15. He enlisted in Blount County, Tennessee, May 31, 1812, in Captain Samuel C. Hopkins' Company, Second Regiment U. S. Dragoons, under Colonel James Burns. The command marched to the north and joined the Northwestern Army, under command of General Wil- liam Henry Harrison. In passing through Northern Ohio they frequently marched in water from three to sixteen inches deep, chopped down timber and bivouacked in the brush. He was in the siege of Fort Meigs, where he was wounded in the heel by an In- dian concealed in a tree top, and was always slightly lame from its effects. He was in the battle of the River Raisin, and many of the engagements under General Harrison. He remained in the service until Jan, 17, 1814, when he was mustered out at Water- — 33 — town, New York. Having walked all the way from Tennessee to Canada when it was alnu)si an unbroken wilderness, he lived to see the country prow into a densely poi)ulated and thrifty land of scliools, churches, cities, railroads, telegraphs and homes vv-iih ilie comforts ami luxuries thereto unknown, which was a neverendinij source of interest to him, and to note the progress, and compare the ditTerence between the various periods of his life. He, in early life, united with New Providence Church of Maryville, and was a strong adherent to the Presbyterian church. His heart was wning by tlu- strifes and dissensions of the church, which iinally resulted in the division in 1837-8 into what was known as Old School and New School. But as he was unalter- ably opposed to slavery, he felt that, deplorable as the division \\;i>>. as viewed from his standpoint of brotherly love and Chris- :ian forbearance, it was. nevertheless, the only possible solution of the question. Hut no rancor or hatred found lodgement in his heart. Though a firm New School man. yet he always sadly and tenderly spoke of the separation with the hope that the breach would be healed. Ancolch parents, who early emigrated to Virginia. He was also a soldier in the r, .,.'•♦, M.iry war. His wife died in early life, leaving him two an ...drcn; and well V..1M1.' .-xliibit such capability. anK-,Tfi-d . i|) ("Ijfiv f v.rk in Hartholomevr -36- County, four miles east of Columbus, in which vicinity he and his wife continued to reside until their death. They brought letters from New Providence Church upon which they united with the Presbyterian church of Columbus and enjoyed the pas- toral services of Rev. Benjamin M. Nyce and of Rev. James Brownlee, and afterward, for a period of seventeen years, that of Rev. Ninian S. Dickey, who, while he never came quite so near their hearts as Dr. Anderson had done, was greatly beloved by them. A Presbyterian church was organized at Sand Hill, near their home, to which they transferred their membership, Mr. Dickey being their pastor and stated supply. Thomas Hart was an elder in the church of Columbus and also at Sand Hill, which office he held at the time of his death, which occurred July 28, 1865, at the age of seventy-four years. "The last few years of his life were years of feebleness and pain, but he was uniformly cheerful, resigned and happy. He talked of his death as calmly, and of heaven as confidently, as though he was about to make a safe and pleasant journey to a most desirable home." NOTE — About two months before his death I heard he was feeble. I made a journey of 250 miles to visit him. When I arrived he expressed great pleasure and asked how long I could stay. Till tomorrow morning, I replied. I want you to preach here this eveing, for that will be the last sermon I shall ever hear. The neighbors came, many of them his children or grand chil- dren. The women filled the house, the men on extemporized seats filled the door yard. I stood in the door and preached from Peter i : 8. After the people had retired we talked till mid- night. He was not sick, but feeble, cheerful and happy. C. C. H. For several years he and his wife, being too feeble to live alone, made their home with their son-in-law, William McDowel, where his wife continued to reside until her death, which oc- curred July 7, 1868. Quietly and happily she slipped out of the place she had so long and so worthily filled here and entered into that rest which remaineth to the people of God, aged 72. They both lie buried in Sand Hill graveyard by the side of his father, brothers and many of their children and grandchildren. Their active work in this world finished, but their influence is reaching out and out, through many varied channels. Lovina, eldest daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Hart, was born Feb. 11, 1816, in Blount County, East Tennessee. In early — 37 — life she united with New Proviilencc Churcli. She was married to Mr. Janies Matson Sei)t. 13, iS^t). He was a student of Marwille College, a member of the Presl^yterian church, an atTecticMuite husband and father, a genial and pleasant gentleman. He was bom Feb. 12, 181J, and dietl Feb. 22, i860, leaving his wife with seven of the ten children born to them, the youngest an infant. He was a member of Sand Hill church. Sarah, the first child of James and Lovina Matson, a general favorite for her sweet disposition, died at the age of 12 years. Thomas, second child of James and Lovina Matson, took the care of the familv on himself at the death of his father and noblv did he fulfill his trust, until cut down unexpectedly in the blcx^m of his young manhood, dying at the age thirty-one, when he was supposed to be recovering from an attack of measles. He was an exemplary Christian, a member of Sand Hill church and died in the triumph of a living faith. N'ancy. third child of James and Lovina Matson. remained at home with her mother until her death from cancer. I'eb. 3. 1887, at the age of 46. In early life she un'ted with Sa..(' Hill church and was a consistent Christian. At the disbanding of Sand Hill church she. with her mother and other members <>f the family, united with the Methotlist church. She was a right hand U> her mother in the care of the family. John Save, fourth child of James and Lovina Matson. was born in .\pril. 1844. Is living on the homestead near Hope. Iml. He is not married. He was a student in Hartsville College, and for many years a successful teacher in the public schools, but retired on account of ill health, and has since assisted on the home fann. He was for several years a member of the Sand Hill church, but is n • ! with the Metlmdist church in Hope. (See note.) >. . . . ^ ..;i Saye Matson died i8. aged 55. David H., fifth child of James and Lovina Matson. has never married, but remained with his mother and assumed the man- it of the homestead after death of his brother Thomas He wa> a student in Hartsville College, and is a successful farmer. Hetty atul Mary, sixth ancctively. y chill oi Innivs ind 1 "' n\, • 1 >•' j'U K. Sleinbergrr. a fanin 1 -•! i..ii molo- nty, at _«• of nineteen. They are members of the Mrthodi^t church at Pctcrsvilic, Ind. Thev liavc five children. -38- James Franklin, ninth child of James and Lovina Matson, was born March 17, 1855. He studied in the schools of the neigh- borhood and assisted on the farm until he grew to manhood, when he became a student in Hartsville College, and afterwards studied law and remained in that profession in Columbus, Ind., for several years, when he became city editor of the Columbus Republican, and held that position for a number of years, after which he removed to Indianapolis and commenced the publica- tion of the Policy Holder, an insurance paper, in which he is still engaged. He was married in 1880 to Miss Emma George, of Hope, Ind. They have two bright children, Charles, born in 1 88 1, now a student in the Manual Training School of Indian- apolis, and Ethel, born in 1883, who has entered the Indianapolis High School. Ella, tenth child of James and Lovina Matson, unmarried and remains on the homestead with her mother and brothers. Lovina Matson was a woman of decided character and excel- lent health almost to the close of her life. For the last few years she was afflicted with paralysis. She died in October, 1898, aged 82 years, and was buried in Sand Hill graveyard. Nancy, second child of Thomas and Elizabeth Hart, was born Jan. 22, 1818, in Blount County, Tennessee, and early in life be- came a member of New Providence Church. She enjoyed such advantages for education as the neighborhood school afforded. Was married to David Eagleton McAllie Sept. 24, 1835. He was a member of New Providence Church, and took a partial course in Maryville College, was a farmer and teacher. They removed to Clark County, Indiana, in March, 1844, and to Bartholomew County, Indiana, in 1851, where he engaged in farming and teaching, and for several years he was connected with the wool carding business at Lowell Mills, Ind. He died in Newbern, Ind., Dec. 14, 1893. His wife is still living (1899) a long and useful life, in which she has won the love and esteem of a host of friends by her uniform cheerfulness and thoughtfulness for others. With the many cares of a large family resting on her, she could always enter into the joys and sorrows of those about her. In her widowhood she makes her home with her youngest daughter, Mrs. John A. Williams, at Taylorville, Ind. They were the parents of nine children. Thomas Franklin, first child, was born in Blount County, Ten- nessee, Feb. 27, 1838. He was married to Miss Jane Frost, of Newbern, Ind., in September, i860. They are members of the Methodist church. He has been a successful merchant, farmer — 39 — and stock trader, and is one of tlic wealthiest men of Barthol- omew County. They have thirteen children, seven living, six have died. Charles Franklin, bom Jan. 14. 1863, is a farmer and owns a farm adjoining^ his father's, lie married Miss I-'lura Morrison, of Xewbern. March 14, 1883. They are members of the M. E. church. They have two children, Nellie and Leroy. Cordelia, bom June 7, 1865, was married to Mr. Boyer Dec. 16, 1883, and died Feb. 3, 1890, leaving two children. Mary, born April 13. 1869, married to John W ebb, a teacher, Sept. I, i88y. They have one child. Orion, born May 2S, 1867. married Scj)t. i, i88<^. to Miss Ada McClintock. of Xewl>em. They are members of the Christian dnirch and have two children. Pearl, born July 10, i8*/>. and Ruby. Oct. 7, 1893. Ethel, born Nov. 16. 1875. and was married to Mr. John Mc- Kain. a farmer of Ncwbem. June 7, 1891. She is a member of the M. F. church. They have three children, Gale, born Sept. 6, 1892: Ruth, born June 15. 1895 : I'lanche, born Sept. 27, 1898. Edyth and Edgar, twins, bom Jan. 7. 1877. Edyth died in infancy. Edgar was married to Miss Alta Miller, of Ilojie, Ind., Oct. 12. i8«;8. He enlisted in May. 1898, as a private in Com. G. 159th Ind. X'olunteers. The regiment was nmsteretl out in November, 1898. Minnie, bom Jan. 23, 1879. Names of other four not reported. Mary Elizabeth, second child of David E. and Nancy McAUie, was br)rn in Blount Coimty, Tennessee, June 23, 1839, '"^"^ ^^'^^ married to Mr. Dennis lIo|)kins, a worthy and prosperous farm- er of Bartholomew County, Sept. 25, 1856. They are members of the M. E. church and prominent in all good works in their com- munity. Noted for their care f character. Their children are nearly all mem- bers of the M. E. church; several of the daughters are teachers in the public schools. They have ten chilflren : Martha L., bom Aug. 12. 1857. and died Nov. 26, 1857; Albert M., born Feb. 21, 1859. Me was married to Miss Flora A. Moore in April. 1881, He i» a farnier an: Waller Q., born 1898. — 40 — Monta, born Aug. 6, 1862, was married to William Stark in September, 1890. They have no children. Postoffice address is Etta M., born June 30, 1864. Sherman, born Nov. 7, 1866. Clara A., born March 23, 1869. Cora, born Dec. 24, 1872. Mabel, born Nov. 26, 1874, and died Aug. 23, 1875. Wilber, born May 16, 1876. Vina Kate, born March 22, 1878, was married to Walter E. Miller in February, 1897. He is a and lives They have one son, Wayne H. Miller. Margaret, third child of David E. and Nancy McAllie, was married to Mr. Henry Ueberroth, a merchant of Columbus, Ind., Sept. 28, 1859. She was a member of the M. E. church, and he of the Presbyterian. They had two children, first, Minnie, born Oct. 28, 1861 ; married to Samuel Sayers, a grain inspector, on June I, 1882. They had one child, Josie Sayers, born Sept. 5, 1883. Minnie died Jan. 11, 1890. Second, Eva, born Jan. 11, 1873. Married Mr. Frank Smith, Nov. 15, 1892. They had one child. It died and was buried with its mother in 1893. ^^r- garet, wife of Henry Ueberroth, died Sept. 12, 1881. NOTE— Revs. Charles C. and William T. Hart were in Co- lumbus attending the reunion of the Hart family at the time when Mrs. Ueberroth's death occurred, and each took part in the fCineral service. — C. C. H. Josephine L, fourth child of David E. and Nancy McAlHe, was born Jan. 11, 1843, and was married to Frank F. Wills, an expert miller of Lowell Mills, Ind., Aug. 3, 1862. They had seven children: Elmer E., born at Lowell Mills, June 2, 1863- Morton U., born April 19, 1866, died at Noblesville, Ind., Sept! 29, 1883; Lilhan A., born Feb. 20, 1869; was married to Mr B E. Beard, July 6, 1897; Emma W., born Feb. 16, 1872; Grace, born Oct. 11, 1874; was married to Mr. A. P. Simpson, March 29, 1898; Frank Raymond, born June 11, 1879; died at Nobles- ville, Dec. I, 1884; Carl, born Jan. 12, 1882; died at Noblesville Aug. 21, 1883. Mr. Wills now resides at Springfield, O Alice J. M., fifth child of David E. and Nancy McAllie, was born at Henry ville, Clarke County, Indiana, May 13, 1845. She was a universal favorite among all the relatives for her sweet disposition. She was married at Lowell Mills to James Ander- son, a miller, June 14, 1865. They have three children: Cora Jim, born July 7, 1866; was married to Mr. Frank Porter Oct — 41 — 24. i894- They have two children : N'irpinia A. and Harold A. Nancv Kate, burn June 29. 1875; IVank IC. born Jan. jS, 1878, is a medical student in the I'niversity of Tennessee. This family are all members of the IJaptist church and reside at Belle Buckle, Tenn. I'rances Ennna C, sixth child of David E. an2. JIarry Waldron McAllie enlisted in Company !•", U. S. In- fanlr>', in April. 1898. He. with his regiment, was all through the campaiq^n in Cuba ; was at the capture of El Caney ; and when they made the attack on San Diei.,^* he was one (if the de- f.'ii' -8. and '• '- '-romoterl to corp. he, with his regiment, embarked for the Philippine Islands for duty. Ralph Mc.Mlie enlisted as a private in Cfunpany K. i6th Indiana X'olunteers. July 3. i8i>8. In ^ t the regiment was ordered .South, and in December, to i a, Cuba. Samuel Blackburn, eighth child of David E and Nancy Mc- Allie. wa« iKirn July 2. 1854; died .Sr|)t. 22. i8^)i. Dora I" . ninth rhihl of Davi married to Mr. John ,\ Williams, a farmer and carpenter of Taylorsville. Ind.. Nov. 22, 1H77. They — 42 — have two sons, Reuben Errol, born Oct. 9, 1878; and Floyd Eagleton, born Aug. i, 1882. This family are Methodists. Angeline, third daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Hart, was born in Blount County, East Tennessee, Dec. 17, 1819. She was converted in early life and united with New Providence Church. In 1846, she, with her parents, emigrated to Bartholomew Coun- ty, Indiana, where she underwent the toils, privations and varied experiences common to all settlers of a new country, one of the most trying of which was the sickness arising from the swampy and undrained condition of the State at that time. She was married by Rev. John B. Saye, her brother-in-law, June 9, 1851, to Mr. Jordan Winchester, a farmer of Johnston county, Indiana; a man of sterling qualities of character, a Kentuckian by birth, a nobleman by nature and an earnest Christian by prac- tice. He was strong, self-reliant, capable and intelligent ; with the courage of his convictions on all matters of importance. A Methodist of the Old School, but not intolerant of the views of others. He labored to make his a home of peace, prosperity and happiness. He died of blood poisoning Nov. 11, 1865, aged . . . ., leaving his wife in her desolation to bring up her five children born to them. What made it especially hard for her was the fact that her father had died but a few weeks before, and having no brother or male relative living near to be an adviser, she, a timid, backward woman, must face the responsibility of train- ing up her children alone. Her own early training qualified her for this work. And with what fortitude, patience and fidelity she performed this duty her children and friends bear loving tes- timony. Her graces of character were many, and yet she was of such a retiring disposition that to fully appreciate her one must know her intimately. Of a deeply religious nature, she moved on with no loud claim of piety on her lips, but always had a word of appreciation for Christian effort or religious service. If the sermon was not so eloquent, the text was sure to be good. Her great love of the Scriptures was manifest by her daily pe- rusal of it. No one heard her boast of her love of flowers, but her yard was a wellspring of delight "from early till late," with one beauty following another, and especially such as were doubly valuable for their fragrance. What wonder that we laid her away with her hands full of the beauties she loved, heaped the cover that hid her precious form from our sight and plant her own fa- vorites to bloom by that sacred spot! In her ministrations to the sick she was especially skillful. None could excel her in preparing some delicacy to tempt the appetite or please the pal- — 43 — ate of the suflFcrcr. ami yet so quietly done you scarcely knew how it caiiK- about. Ambitious for her chiUlreii's welfare, and liv- ing where there was not the most favorable prospect for success in business, she sadly but cheerfully consented to their chang^iug to other fields of labor, but never for a moment did her inllucnce over them weaken, while her letters were a constant source of comfort and pleasure to them. Ciiftcd in the art of conveying the very information most desired, leaving out no detail of home life. Tlieir interest in other and new duties never beguiled their affection from the old home, and no duty was ever allowed to crowd out the letter that each sent regularly to the mother, so eager to hear from them. And when the last sa«l parting came, she turned her face, so glowing with the light of heaven, to us, that our hearts, though broken with grief, were healed with joy. Surely "her memory shall remain a sweet and unfading recol- lection." She died on the i8th of December. i8<;5. aged seventy- six years and one day, and was buried by the side of her hus- band at Mf»rirantown. Ind.. to which place she an«l her husband removed in 1857. Her resting place was almost in sight of the roof that had sheltered her for nearlv forty years. She never left the Presbyterian church. In her later years she could not at- tend that church, owing to distance and her age. but was a con- stant attendant at the Methodist church near her home, and at her death permission was given to place her name on the church roster of the dead, as a worshiper with them, only one other per- son, not a member, being thus hi:>nored. Harriet McDowell, first child of Jonl.ui .imi .'\ii^«line Win- chester, was bom Dec. 4. 1S52. Was marrir.l by Kev. S. W. McXaiighton to John S. Collett, a faruK-r of Johnston Coimty. Indiana. Jan. 31, 1867. and was left a widow in the short space of se' • nths : her hu^'band. a very worthv Christian man, i .i.^ ^ nt down in the bloom of his youth by the i of typhoifl fever. She returnetembcr, 1854. Was married t>y Rrv Wm. C. Smith Dec. 12. 1872, to Mr. Robert Kallani, of .Shelby (.ounty. In- diana, who has been a great fav bacco n<>r l)eer, belongs to no secret order e.xcept the Conmur- cial Gub, but prefers home to lodge or club room. He is now (iS*/)) traveling for a wholesale shoe house in Jefferson City. Mi^v'uri. W illiam E. S. Winchester, fifth child of Jordan and Angelir.e Winchester, was born May 28. i860. His early boyhood was spent in the schools of Morgantown. but when his brother li>- catetl in Indianapolis, he, too, determined to try to find cmpl-v- ment there, which he diil : working in various shoi)S and ! v. - tories, until he finally entered the Ciibson Mills, then under t:ic superintendence of Frank T. Wills, where he learned the millirig business. Havmg mechanical abilitv and diligently applying !:i:n<;''lf, he became an expert miller. Tin's business he has sir.ce ■ I'we*!. except a few years si)ent as a conurercial traveler. He is now (i8<;«») superintendent of mills in I^wrcnceburg, Ind. He was marrie' Alice Purcell. of Indianapolis. They have two sons. Robert -- born Jan. 12. 18^4. and Wilber T, born Nov. 10, 1888; bright, healthy boys, with a great deal of original ingenuity, fond of reading and music. \nn, fourth chihl of Thomas anrl ^" ' 'h Hart, v. bofii . • i». 20. 1822. in Rlount county, Ivast .- ...- ^see Id • life united with N'ew Providence ( hurch. Was married ( 1839. to Rev. John R. Saye, who had been a student m Mar\ College. He v^*as a scholarly man, a very affect ionatc h and fathrr. They came to I' -.1 in 1846. and soon ai cat'd in T^.TiiVlin, Johnston < . and for several years In- h.i ! ch^ il chtirchcs in the surrounding coiintrv Hr . pencneed the urn Dec. 27, 1852. Was married by Rev. Geo. W. Greene to Miss Mary U. Buchler. Sept. 9. 1875. Both are mcmber.s of the M. Iv church. He is a farmer and caqjentcr and lives on the rild homestead at Blue Lirk. and owns a share of the famous -48- Blue Lick Springs. He says : "We are happy here, and never expect to make a change." They have eleven children : Nora E., born June 30, 1876; Annie B., born Jan. 13, 1878; Lelah B., born April 18, 1880; Paul V., born Feb. 7, 1882; James E., born Nov. 5, 1883; Charles Beecher, born July 4, 1886; Lucy F., born Dec. 8, 1889; Herman R., born Sept. 6, 1890; Ruth J., born June 28, 1892 ; Elmer L., born May 18, 1895 ; Hazel M., born Nov. 7, 1897. The four oldest are members of the M. E. church. George D., fourth child of George and Elizabeth Townsend, was born Nov. 20, 1854; died June 2, 1864. Charles Beecher, fifth child of George and Elizabeth Town- send, was born March 17, 1857; died May 24, 1858. Addie, sixth child of George and Elizabeth Townsend, was born Aug. 30, 1859. Was married to James F. Whitesides, Sept, 14, 1876. He is a school teacher. They belong to the M. E. church, and reside near Memphis, Ind. They have nine chil- dren, viz: Nora A., born Jan. 29, 1879; Kate E., born Aug. 20, 1880; Goldie L., born April 7, 1884; Homer T., born Aug. 12, 1886; Peari L, born July 12, 1888; Mabel E., born Aug. 14, 1891 ; James O., born Feb. 9, 1894; Mary Addie, born March 28, 1897; an infant ; died. Ella Elizabeth, seventh child of George and Elizabeth Town- send, was born Sept. 2, 1861. Was married to Edwin O. Greene, a farmer of Blue Lick, May 3, 1888. They have three children : Florence C, bom in Cleveland, O., May 14, 1891 ; Bernice E., born Aug. 15, 1893; Amos Townsend, born Sept. 11, 1898. Lillie Alice, eighth child of George and Elizabeth Townsend, was born Nov. 24, 1863. Was married to James M. Hawes, Sept. 6, 1882. They have four children: Bessie Beatrice, born April 12, 1883; Edith Nathan, born Aug. 11, 1884; Blanche Town- send, born Sept. 26, 1885; Myrtle Foster, born Aug. 21, 1887. This family resides in Jeffersonville, Ind. Laura Pink, ninth child of George and Elizabeth Townsend, was born Feb. 23, 1867. Is a member of the Christian church and was married Juh :^ 2888, to Dr. Marcellus Mayfield, a physi- cian of Salem, Ind. lYiey have three children : Clyde Townsend born March 17, 1890; Hollis Earl, born Feb. 13, 1893; Lecta Geneva, born Feb. 13, 1895. — 49 — Daisy Forest, tenth child of Georg-c and Elizabeth Townscnd, ^^-as bom June 19. 1870. Was married to Alvin Greene, a fanner and carpenter of Memphis, Ind., Feb. 12. iSi>j. They have no children. Eleanor Jane, sixth child of Thomas and Flizabeth Hart, was born in I'lount County. Fast Temiessce. l\b. 24. \Hjj. Was con- verted and united with New Providence Church, and was mar- ried Oct. 27. 1853, to Robert Jones, a prosperous farmer of Hope Township. Bartholomew County, Indiana. He was a member of llie Baptist church ancl his wife joined the church with him. They had five children.: IVanklin. Joanna V., Ada A., Clara and Ruth. Franklin was l)om July 3. 1855. Was married to Miss Cas- sandra J. Moore. I'eb. 8. i87(>. Tluy are members of the B.iiv list church ani l\<>iu:i and Jatie Jtmcs (7. 'Hiey arc members o( the Bap- tist church. No children. Nellie, fifth child of Geo. W. and Martha Aikin. was bom Aug. 28. 1874 ; died Jan. 1 1. 1876. Martha L. Hart .\ikin has been an invalid nearly all her life. She has borne her sufterings. met her trials and disai)i>ointn)ents with courage, resignation and Christian fortitude. She was a member of Sand Hill Tresbyterian Church. Since her marriage she united with the M. E. church. Their home is now in Indian- apolis. NOTE — To the remarkable niemorj' of Geo. W. Aikin the writer is indebted for the verification of many of the facts in this paper. Frances C, tenth child of Tliomas and Elizabeth Mart, was born in Blount Countv, East Tennessee. Jan. 22, 1836; died Nov. 8. 1838. Frances Juliette, eleventh child of Thomas and Elizabeth Hart, was born in P.lount County, East Tennessee, Aug. 25. 1841. Was marrieom April 25, 1865. He wa.s marrie Thev .ire mcnibcrs of the Presbyterian church. They have two children: one died in infancy ; Waller, bom Oct. 12. i8y8. Stella Elizabeth, third child of Isaac and Juliette T«>wn was lK»rn in Clarke County, Indiana. March 28, 1867; died i"-l 27 of the same • " — 52 — Lelah M., fourth child of Isaac and Juliette Townsend, was born May 8, 1869. She was married Oct. 15, 1891, to Mr. Wil- liam Shook. They live in Greene, la. Have one child, Harry L., born Feb. 16, 1894. George Franklin, fifth child of Isaac and Juliette Townsend, was born in Smith County, Kansas, May 24, 1881, being the only one of their children born in Kansas, to which State the parents emigrated in 1877. They are all successful farmers. All own the homes in which they live. Their postofifice address in Oakvale, Smith County, Kansas. NOTE — In addition to their large family, Thomas and Eliza- beth Hart took into their home a boy 18 months old, and brought him up as their own, though no legal steps were taken for his adoption. His mother, a stranger to them, entreated them to take him. They gave him the name of James Hart. He was loved and cared for as one of their own. In September, 1856, he was married to Miss Susan Blessing, the daughter of a prominent farmer of Bartholomew County. She is a member of the M. E. church. After their marriage they located in Carroll- ton, Mo. They are an honorable family. He followed carpenter work for several years, but of late years has given his attentian to farming. They have seven children. The above history was compiled b^ Mrs. Emmaline Winchester Roth, of Indianapolis, Ind., granddaughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Hart. — 53 — CHAITKR IV. GIDEON' BLACKBURN' AND HKTTV A. (TAYLOR) II ART AND THEIR DESCENDANTS Gideon Blackhum Hart, fiftii son of Joseph and Nancy Hart, was bom at his father's hunie. near Maryvillc. Blount County, Tennessee. Oct. 29. 179H. He horo the name of Rev. Gideon Blackburn, a distinguished Presbyterian clergyman and friend of the family. For that early day he had unusually good advan- tages for education, his father being a teacher. At the age of twenty he taught school in his native county and thus earned n'.oney to buy a horse and outfit, with which he traveled to Illi- nois in the spring of 1820. His first stopi)ing place was at Pales- tine, on the Wabash river. Here he taught school for several months. Then he visited \'incennes. Ind.. and from there he went to Columbus. Bartholomew County, looking for a suitable loca- tion for his father's family. In Aug\ist. 1H21. he returned to \in- cennes, and from there he followed the military road laid out by Gen. William Henry Harrison, Governor of Northwest Territory, to the Ohio river, thence into Kentucky, where he met his fath- er's family, emigrating to Indiana, antl comlucted them to their future home in Bartholomew County. Here he made has homo until the time of his marriage. In this new and sparsely scttlcest cducate«l man in his cotm- ty. During the first year of his rrsiany at the ensuing elec- tion. Mr. Hart's " ' at. hr ge.t all thrir \ id wa*. ' * 1. n had the ab«A'c .tiit-i-.tc from one of the :s m i>., > . — 54 — C. H.) Two years later he was re-elected. Thus he. was sheriff of his county for five years. Nov. 6, 1824, he was married to Miss Hetty Alexander Taylor, daughter of David and Nancy Taylor. They began housekeeping soon after in a newly built cabin on 80 acres of land bought from his father. One year later he sold this farm and bought 104 acres of land of Mr. Sanders, one mile northwest of his first home, since known as the Sand Hill farm, where they lived until the time of his death. He after- wards owned two other small farms joining, or nearby, the Sand Hill place. In 1823 he was made a Master Mason in the lodge at Columbus, and continued in fellowship with his lodge until his death. When the ofifice of school commissioner was created he was elected the first school commissioner of his county, and term after term was re-elected, each time almost unanimously, until the ofifice was abolished. He thus served nineteen years, yet he never canvassed for the ofifice. Thousands of dollars of school funds, almost all in silver, passed through his hands dur- ing these years without the loss of a penny. For two years — 1849-1850 — he represented his county in the Legislature, and then declined to be a candidate for re-election. In politics he was a Free Soil Democrat, as were many of his party at that day. He was a decided anti-slavery man, having inherited anti-slav- ery principles from his father in his youth. He was a great ad- mirer of "Uncle Tom's Cabin," and warmly in sympathy with its anti- slavery teachings. He was an ardent temperance man and advocated prohibition. He was the first president of the Bartholomew County Agricultural Society. At the time of his marriage his wife was a member of the Baptist church. A few years later, having changed her views on the subject of baptism, she united with the Presbyterian church. In the fall of 1828 he united with the same church, Rev. W. W. Woods being stated supply at that time. At once he took up the duty of family wor- ship. The first evening he read a chapter in the Bible, he and his wife kneeled together, but it seemed as if he could not utter a word, and his wife prayed. He was so distressed that he could not sleep that night. The next day he wrote a short prayer and committed it to memory, but when they kneeled together that evening he could not remember one word of his prayer. Again the wife prayed. But he persevered until he could perform his service with comfort and pleasure. His prayers were a great help and blessing to all the family, and by them are treasured as the most sacred remembrance of our childhood home. Soon after the death of his father — ^June, 1841 — he was elected an elder iti — 55 — the Presbyterian clnircli of Columbus, whicli office he held until the time of his death. They hatl nine children, seven of whom are now living (i8<>9). viz: Xancy. born Oct. ij, 18J3 ; Mary Eliza- beth, bom Sept. 16, 18J7; Silas, born Sept. 14. 1829, died Oct. 4, 1834; Sarah Jane, bom Oct. i, 1S31, died April 26. 1868; Wil- liam Taylor, born Dec. 20, 1833; Harriet, bom Feb. 22, 1836; Joseph EcUvard. bom Nov. 14, 1838; Ciideon Blackburn. Jr., born Dec. 2. 1840; Maria Louisa, bom June 30. 1845. ihese were all bom in the Sand Hill home. ^ The subject of this sketch wa^ five feet, ten inches in height, weighed about 160 to 165 pounds, dignified in manners, neat in his dress, wore a silk hat and boots, and in early manhood, in cold weather, he wore a drab overcoat with a belt and large dou- ble capes, with chain and h«x)k at the collar. He was kind and generous to all. but '^specially to the poor. He was the first In his township to own a clock, the first also to own a cider mill, which was marie by his brother Charley in 1842. and was operat- ed with a sweep and horse-power. He was universally respected as a man of honor and integrity. His life, both in public and pri- vate, was without reproach. His modest, consistent, every-day life as a Christian won for him the confuieiice of all who knew him. He was often sent for to pray with and comfort the sick and dying. He was a leader in everj' good and important work in the community— such as education, the church. Sabbath ^ ' 1 and Bible Society ; and always a strict observer of the ."^... ...ill day. I'or the want of go»^l teachers, he was twice called U{K>n to teach the Nsnnter school in his neighlK>rhood. I'p to this time pupils were recfore his death his pastor. Rev. N. S. Dickey, visited him, n-- ' ' -fore taking leave «>f him asked if he had any m • he '■ to send to the church. After a nujment's rcl . he said : "Tell them to love one another." He died Feb. 22. 1854. in the 56th year «>f his life, and was buric-d in Sand Hill graveyard. His paMor prtarhcd the funrral 2, he was elected a mem- ber of Congress. After serving two years in Congress he spc-nt two years in railroad business in New York. To I^faycttc and his wife Clara were born four children, viz : \awter. Aug. 27, 1882. died in infancy; Lafayette. Jr.. NLirch 14. »H«4: n*"*-'- W. 1895 twins, son and daughter: l)oth died in infancy. 1 he n^Mh- cr died the same day. On June 29. «««*. ^'r. Pence was mar- ried to Mrs. Kate Simmons, of Denver. They arc now (July. 1900) living in San Francisco. Cal. -58- Ada. daughter of David and Nancv Pence, was born July 21 i860. Graduated from the High School of Columbus, was a student m Oxford Colleg-e. Oxford. O.. one year, giving- special attention to music under the instruction of Prof. Carl Mertz. She was converted in early youth and at the age of twelve united with the Presbyterian church, and from that time to the day of death she was a member of tiie choir, either as singer or organ- ist. She had a sweet, well cultivated voice, and was a skillful per- former on the piano and organ. On Nov. 8, 1882, she was mar- ned by her pastor. Rev. Alexander Parker, to Mr. William D. Stansifer, a young lawyer of Columbus. She died Nov 23 1883 leaving a daughter two weeks old. Ada Hart, who also died after three months. One who knew her well says : "Columbus never had a more noble Christian woman than Mrs. Ada Stansifer She literally sat at the Masters feet, always watching for an oppor- tumty to ser^'e Him. Her sun set in glory before the meridian " Charles Jacob, eighth child of David and Nancy Pence, was born June 12, 1863. He was converted in early youth and united with the Presbyterian church. Graduated from the High School of Columbus. Attended the law school at Ann Arbor, Mich., and was admitted to the bar on his t\yenty-first birthday. June 12, 1884. He at once entered into partnership with his 'brother in Denver, Col., in the practice of law, Pence & Pence. They were successful lawyers until the senior partner went to Congress November, 1892. The partnership was dissolved and the junior went to Salt Lake City and pursued the practice of law four years While in Salt Lake City Mr. Pence went to Washington, D C, and gained an important case in the Supreme Court, for which he received much praise from the press and his clients When he and his brother returned to Denver, and Pence & Pence ao-air be- came partners in their profession. On the 8th day of Juire, 1887 Charles J. Pence was married in Martinsville, Ind., to Miss MarJ Lena Sorg, a member of the Presbyterian church of Martins- S,P; They have two daughters, Mary Ada. born May 22, 1889: Ldith Ella, bom Sept. 27, 1890. In September, 1898." the Pence brothers moved to San Francisco, Cal.. and opened a law office Pence & Pence, where they are now (July, 1900) successful law- yers. W^illiam David, son of David and Nancy Pence, was born Nov_26, 1865. He was converted in early youth and united with tlie Presbyterian church on the day he was eleven years old Graduated from the High School of Columbus. In September, 1883, he entered the State University, Champaign, 111., and grad- — 59 — uatetl in the class of 1886. with the clegjce of C. E.. havinp^ made civil enfrineering a special study. From 1886 to i8(>2 he was employed bv the Ciulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Railroad Company in the' capacity of roadmaster and assistant ens^inecr and main- tenance of way. On Dec. 31, 1889, Wm. D. Pence was married to Miss Lotta Gaston, a member of the Presbyterian church of Columbus. Ind. Their first home was in Temple. Tex. Ilavmg been elected to the chair of civil engancerin.c: in his alma mater- Illinois State University— he removed to Chami)aig-n. III., where he w^as a popular and successful teacher for two years. Here he was elected an elder in the Presbyterian church. Having been elected to the chair of civil engineering- in Purdue University, Lafayette. In^.. he removed to Lafayette in August. 1899. where he is a successful teacher. They have two children, Nellie Ada, born Aug. 23, 1890; Hellen Lottie, born Nov. 23. i8(;2. Edwartl Hart Pence, tenth chiM of David and Xancy Pence, was born April 10. 1868. He united with the Presbyterian church at the age of twelve vears. Graduated from the High School of Columbus, and also graduated from South Hanover College in the class of 1889, and from McCormick Theological Seminary in April. 1892. Mav i. iS^jz, he began his lalx)r as stated supply of the Presbvterian' church of Georgetown. Col. On the 29th of June he was married to Miss Jessie Archer, of South Hanover, Ind.. who was his classmate in college. For eighteen months his labors in Georgetown were successful. In October, i8«^3. he ac- cepted a call to the church at Janesville. Wis., and was soon after installed as pastor. Here his labors were abundantly blessed, in Januarv. 1900. it was stated that during the six years just past -'there has been steady growth in this church. In this time there have averaged twelve accessions at each (piarterly com- munion." To them were burn three children : David William. July 6. 1893: Jessie Xonna. July 9. 1895; Edna Louisa, Feb. 14, 1898. * - . r-i I In March. 1900. a committee from the hurt Street Church, Detroit. Mich., heard Mr. Pence in his i)uli)ii morning and even- :ng. and returned without making their business known to the vounir pastt^. But in less than a week he received a unai call to the pastorate of tlie lorl .Street t luirch, whicli he .. ».. ed and was installed in the following May. For further matter relating to E. H. Pence, sec Preachers' Chapter. Mary Elizabeth, the second daughter of (.tdeon H iml Hrtly A. Hart, was born at Sand Hill hoinr.stead. Sept. l6. 18^9. She received her education at the public .scIuhjI.s, partly under the in — 6o — struction of her father. She was converted and united with the Presbyterian church in early Hfe. At the age of twenty-one she taught school in Decatur County, twenty-five miles from home, making her home with her uncle, James Taylor. On April 17, 185 1, she was married to Mr. Robert Braden, a prominent farmer and live stock dealer of Decatur County, Indiana. Four children were born of this union, viz : Frank Hart, March 7, 1852 ; Emma Louisa, Nov. 9, 1853; Anna Elizabeth, June 10, 1856; Edith Roberta, Oct. 10, 1 861. In May, 1861, Robert Braden ofifered his services to his country in the civil war then in progress, and was rnade First Lieutenant in Company D, Seventh Regiment of In- diana Volunteers. After one year's service in the army of the Po- tomac he returned to Indiana and raised a regiment to repel the famous John Morgan raids, and was commissioned its Colonel by Governor Morton, but was killed Aug. 24, 1862, in the first engagement, near Henderson, Ky. Thus Mrs. Braden was left a widow with a family of children to raise, and all the cares of busi- ness which her husband left her. How well she accomplished this task may best be told by pointing to the positions of honor and respectability occupied by those children, all of whom have growii to years of maturity, and all but one are now (June. 1900) residing in St. Louis, Mo., where she makes her home with them. True to the faith of her fathers, Mrs. Braden has since her early youth been a devoted member of the Presbyterian church and has had the pleasure of seeing the names of all her children en- rolled in its list of members. Frank Hart Braden received his early education in the public schools of Greensburg, Ind. At the age of seventeen commenced thestudy of law in the office of Judge Henry Hayden in Breck- enridge. Mo. Finished his course of study in the office of Hon. George R. Gardner, and was admitted to practice in October, 1872. Was elected prosecuting attorney of Caldwell County, Missouri, in 1882, and served two years. Was elected member of the Legislature for Caldwell County in 1884 and served two years. Moved to Kansas City, Mo., in 1887, and to St. Louis in 1889, where for several years he filled the office of assistant prosecuting attorney. He has practiced law continuously since 1872. In 1886 he received the third degree of Masonry in the lodge at Breckenridge. April 10, 1877, he was married to Miss Mary Elizabeth Stagner. Four children were born of this mar- riage : Robert S., born Jan. 27, 1878; Lytle H., Dec. 5, 1879; Walter A., May 3, 1881, died in infancy; Lotta A.. July 15, 1889. — 6i — Anna Elizabeth Bradcn was married Jan. 19, 1885. to Mr. Sjiencer Tompkins, a pr<.>mincnt attorney of the Illinois !)ar, and for several years active in the politics of that State. They have three children: Edith Mabel, born Dec. 23. 1885; Hazel Louisa, born Aug. 16. 1887; Ethel Mary, boni June 10, i8H<>. The fam- ily resides in St. Louis, Mo. The children are in the city schools. Mr. Tompkins is cngaj^ed in the practice of his profession. lb* is especially skillful as an abstractor of titles of real estate. Edith Roberta Braden was married January. 1886, to Mr. George E. Quimby. a real estate broker of Boston, Mass., where he belonjjs to an old and prominent family, iind where they still reside. They have three children : Bessie Louisa, born Nov. 29, 1886: Ada Bemice. born Jan. 30, 1888; Charles Norman, born Jan. 5. 1890; Emma Louisa Braden was trained to dressmaking and Mr several years carried on a large dressmaking business in Kansas City, Mo. In 1892 she moved to St. Louis and makes her home with her sister. Mrs. Tompkins, and is employed in the millinery department of the Grand-Leader store. Sarah Jane, fourth child of Gideon li. and Hetty A. Hart, was bom on Saml Hill farm, Oct. i, 1831. She received the name of two of her maternal aunts, Sarah and Jane Taylor. Her educa- tion was such as could be obtained in the public schools of the neighborhood. She was converted in early life and united with the Presbyterian church of Columbus. At twenty years of age she was married to Mr. Newton S. Jones, an enterprising farmer. To them were boni seven children, viz : Laura Alice. Sept. 22, 1R52; Gideon Blackburn. Dec. 6. 1853, dief tliat church in Columbus. Mr. iiurnelt is a traveling salesman. They have lived in St. Louis, Mo., and Dcs Moines, la. Their home is now ( 19001 in Columbus, Ind. Kovilla. the young^est of the family of Newton S. and Sarah Jane Jones, grew to womanhootl with the same advantaj^es of education that the other daughters had. M the age of twenty- two she united with tiie New Hope Christian Church. On Feb. 14. 1^)4. she was married to -Mr. Edward Chambers, an active young farmer near her father's home. They now (lyoo) resiile on a farm two miles southeast of Nineveh, Johnscjn Countv, Indiana. NOTE— The histor>' of Rev. William Taylor Hart,' fifth chUd of G. n. and H. A. Hart, will appear in the rreachers' Chapter. — C. C. H. Harriet, fifth child of Gideon B. and Hetty A. Hart, was boni at the Sand Hill homestead, Feb. 21, 1836. She received her early education in the schools of the neighborhood, was con- verted early in life and united with the Presbyterian church of Columbus, of which her father was an elder. In 1853 she was married to Mr. George M. Trotter, a teacher of Ho{k\ I'arthol- omew County. When President Lincoln called for 75,000 troops Mr. Trotter enlisted in Company B, Sixth Inlunteers. commanded by Augustus Abbett. of Columbus, Ind. After three months' service as noncc^mmissioned officer he was lu>n- orably discharged and returned home. In August, iS<>2, he raised a company for the .... Indiana \'olunteer Infantry, of which Governor ( ). P. Morton commissioned him (':•■••• in which he ser\'ed until May 20, 1865, when he was pr-- to Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment, and held that rank until he was finally discharged, June 8. 1865. One of his campaigns was with Gen. .^hennan :n his march to the sea. In the fall <■•' ■^'' ' Mr. Trotter and his family moved to Brcckenhdge. ( .1 County, Missouri. He bought a farm three miles from Brcckcn- ridge, where he is one of the leading f;irmrr» of his touiittliip. \\v i< a Masf>n and has lieen ever since In- old. He anrl his wife arc members fit tic- < of I'reckenriflge. To them were h<)rn ; Franklin, Minnie, Harriet D.. George A. and Josephine, who -64- died at sixteen months. Charles F. united with the Congrega- tional church in his youth. Graduated from Kidder College in the class of 1887 and soon after was elected professor of the High School in Leonard, Tex. On Thanksgiving day, 1898. he was married at Water Valley, Miss, to Miss Hattie V. Fewell. She is a member of the Presbyterian church. He is a member of the order of the Knights of Pythias. They have one daughter, Naomi Edwinnie. Early in 1899 Charles F. Trotter was ap- pointed by the government superintendent of the Tuskahoma Female Institute Lyceum, Indian Territory. Their home is at the Lyceum, Tuskahoma. Minnie Trotter is a member of the Presbyterian church. Grad- uated from Kidder Colleg^e in the class of 1887. She was mar- ried June 26, 1890, to Mr. Leslie R. Thwing, a farmer. They live near Hamilton, Mo. He is a member of the Presbyterian church. They have three children : Bessie Merriett, born April 26, 1891 ; Eleanor Pearl, born April, 1897; Charles Franklin, Feb. 15, 1900. Hattie D. Trotter is a member of the Congregational church. Graduated from Kidder College in the class of 1891. She was married to Mr. Nathaniel Reynolds, a telegraph operator, in charge of Lexington station, Henry, Ray County, Missouri. He is a member of the Congregational church. George Albert Trotter is a student in Kidder College and will graduate in the class of 1900. He is a member of the Con- gregational church of Kidder, and a member of Odd Fellows Lodge in Breckenridge. Joseph Edward, seventh child of Gideon B. and Hetty A. Hart, was born in Bartholomew County, Indiana, Nov. 15, 1838. Re- ceived such education as was obtainable in the common schools of that period, and when the war of the rebellion began was at- tending school at Milford, Ind., preparing to enter college. Left school April 15, 1861, and enlisted in Company B, Sixth Indiana Infantry, at Columbus, for three months. Participated in the West Virginia campaign and was discharged Aug. 2, 1861, re-en- listing on the same day, in Company D, Seventh Indiana In- fantry. The regiment was sent to Western Virginia and was eng-aged at Greenbrier in one month from the date of organiza- tion. Was attached to Lander's, afterwards Shield's division, in the Shenandoah Valley, and participated in the battles of Win- chester and Port Republic. During the winter's campaign he contracted a severe cold, which necessitated his discharge, June 28, 1862, on surgeon's certificate of disability, for "disease of } -65- throat aiul lungs." Retumingf home, he remained a private citi- zen until July 15, 1S62. when, in connection with his brother-in- law, Georg^e M. Trotter, and his brother, (iiileun H. Hart, be- gan enlisting a company for the service, which went into camp at Indianapolis, August 10. The regiment was organizetl August 16, and this company became Company H, with Geo. M. Trotter as Captain an*l Jos. li. Hart I'irst Licutc-iiant. Left the State August 19 and was engaged in the disastrous battle of Rich- mond. Ky., August 30. The regiment sufTered very severely in killed and wounded and was comiK'Ued to surrender. Being pa- roled in a few days, returned home and on exchange in Novem- ber following, the regiment went to Memphis, Tcnn.. arid par- ticipated in the campaign of that winter, preparatory' to the in- vestment of \'icksburg. Joined the force in the rear of \'icks- burg in June, 1863. and w:is, inmiediately after the surrender, attached to Shermaiis command and t^Kjk part in tlu- move- ment against Johnson at Jackson, Miss., and in the fighting wliich resulted in the capture of that city. In September the division was brought to Memphis and marched to Chattanoo- ga, participating in the battle of Missionary Ridge, in which the subject of this sketch was wounded. Owing to the pmgress of disabilities incurred the previous year, he was compelled to again leave the army, and resigned February 15, 1864. and re- turned to his home at the "Sand Hill." Was married August 3, iSCtj, at Milford. Ind., to lulith, daughter of James and Sarah Mandlove. The children bom of this marriage were Joseph lZt\- ward. Jr., born July 8, 1863. and died Marcli 1, 1880; Stella, born .August 12, 1865; Florence Fmma, bom I'eb. 4, 1868, and died March 22, i86r^; Edith, born Oct. U). i86«;: Hetty, born July 19, 1872, and diecr of the Sand Hill I'resbyterian Church in 1853. and is at this writing (ift/;) a member of the Metroixilitan Presbyterian Church «>( Washington. I). C His wife, his son. Dr. J. Win. Hart, and daughter Stella are also meml>cr« of the Pre*byterian church, — 66- while his daughter Edith is a member of the Protestant Episco- pal church. Dr. James William Hart, son of J. E. and Edith Hart, was married to Miss Grace Duncan, of Poughkeepsie, N. Y., Jan. 25, 1899. To them a son, Charles Edward, was born Jan. 17, 1900. Gideon Blackburn Hart, Jr., was born Dec. 2, 1840, at the Sand Hill homestead. He was the fourth son in the family. He received his education in the public schools. In his youth he united with the Presbyterian Church of Columbus. In 1862 he enlisted in the Twelfth Indiana Volunteer Infantry in Company H. He was, successively, Orderly Sergeant, First Lieutenant, and discharged in June, 1865, with the rank of Captain. In Au- gust, 1865, he went to Breckenridge, Mo., where he engaged in the hardware business and afterwards in farming, feeding and shipping live stock. In 1893, after a hotly contested primary election, he was appointed by President Cleveland postmaster of Breckenridge, which office he held for four years. He is a Mason and Knight Templar. On Oct. 30, 1866, he was married to Miss EHza O , in Breckenridge. To them were born five children: Charles E., who died in early infancy; Walter O., Lucy D. and Maria Taylor. This family are all identified with the Presbyterian church. Charles E. Hart was born Feb. 28, 1869, at Breckenridge, Mo. He received his education at the High School in Breckenridge. On April 16, 1899, he was married in Kansas City, Mo., to Anna Thomas, of Caldwell County. He is now and has been for sev- eral years living in Muscogee, Ind. Ter., in the employ of the Patterson Mill Company as a salesman in their general store. They have one child, a daughter, born in February, 1900. He is a Mason and a member of the Knights of Pythias. Walter O. Hart was born on a farm near Breckenridge, March 8, 1871. He graduated from the Breckenridge High School in 1888. Went to Annapolis in the spring of 1888, as the result of a competitive examination in his congressional dis- trict, but failed to enter the Naval Academy because of defec- tive vision. Has been in the employ of the savings bank for the last ten years, as bookkeeper at first, and the last four years as cashier. In June, 1896, he was married to Miss Lulu Murphy, of Breckenridge. They have two children : Mary Virginia, born Oct. 20, 1897; Florence, born Nov. 31, 1899. He and his wife -67- are members of the Presbyterian church, of which he is also a rulinij elder. He is a Mason and has served as master of his lodge. Lucy D. Hart was born June 21, 1879. at lircckenridj^e. She graduated from the Urcckenridj^e Hij^h ScIuhjI in 189O. She is an active member of the Presbyterian church. Maria T. Hart was boni May 8. 1883, in lireckenridge. She is a student in the IJreckenridge High School and has already gained considerable local reputation as a writer. Maria Louisa, ninth child of Gideon B. and Hetty A. Hart, was born July 30, 1845, at Sand Hill farm. She received her education in the public schools. In 1865 she accompanied her mother and other members of the family to Breckenridge, Mo., where on July 16. 1867. she was married to Mr. J8 Mr. Thompson sold his store and closed that brancli of his business, and has since l)een engagcfl in banking. He and his wife are members of the M. \i. Church. South. anorho<^l. li^rly in the autunuj of i8ji her — 68 — father started to emigrate to Indiana. Mr. Trotter was to go to Indiana in the spring of 1822, be married and there make their future home. But about sunrise the next morning after the family started on their journey, Wihiam Trotter and his brother Isaac came to the camp and proposed to have Elizabeth return to MaryviUe and be married that day, to which all agreed. The Trotter brothers, Elizabeth and her brother Silas, all on horse- back, returned to the house of Dr. Anderson, and by him Wil- liam Trotter and Elizabeth Hart were married. They settled on a farm near Maryville. William Trotter was of Scotch descent, a native of Virginia. His father, Richard Trotter, was a soldier in the American Revolution, and emigrated from Virginia to Jefferson County, Tennessee, about the year 1800, when William was eight years old. Later on the family moved to Blount Coun- ty. There William was converted at an early age and united with New Providence Church. He had a good voice and some training in vocal music. Frequently taught singing school, and for many years led the singing in the church. He enlisted in the war of 1812-15. Was in Gen. Coffee's mounted battalion, in the Southern division of the army under Gen. Jackson. Late in the war his battalion was detailed for special duty at Baton Rouge, La., from which place they were ordered to make a forced march to New Orleans, which they accomplished in two days and nights, reaching New Orleans at noon on the memorable 8th of January, 181 5. After his discharge from military service he re- turned to Tennessee. After their marriage, as noted above, they lived on their farm in Blount County twelve years, when the fam- ily moved to Bartholomew County, Indiana, in the spring of 1833. In February, 1836, they moved to Washington County, and in the spring of 1839 they moved to Blue Lick, Clarke County, In- diana. There they bought a farm of 120 acres, where they spent the remainder of their days. Mr. Trotter was a tall, straight man of military bearing. He had deep, positive religious convictions, a clear knowledge of God's word and was a strict observer of the Sabbath. He was invited to superintend the Sunday school in the Protestant M. E. church, three miles from his home. He declined, saying he wanted a Sunday School where his own chil- dren and immediate neighbors could attend. He organized a school in the school house of his district, which was largely at- tended, summ.er and winter, for many years. He frequently had preaching by the pastor of the church in Charlestown, nine miles distant, to which he and his wife had attached themselves -69- soon after cuniing to Blue Lick. In a short time the Presbyte- rians of the coinnuinity and a few others were or^nizcd into a branch of the church in Charlestown. Mr. Trotter was • ' n elder. This organization gave great joy to liini and ! ic. They had stated preaching for several years and a well-organ- ized Sabbath School ; but the elder's health failc..: an' - 'V then cmploycl in a store where he Rained nomc knowl- -72 — edge of mercantile business. At eighteen he was employed as deputy postmaster, which duties he performed with great satis- faction to the community. At twenty he was sent by some capital- ists to Columbus, Miss., to attend the sale of lands which the government had obtained by treaty from the Indians before they were transferred to their territory in the West. This business was performed to the entire satisfaction of his employers. And so well was he pleased with what he learned of the new territory that in the fall of 1833 he went to Carrollton, Miss., and located' as a general merchant. These three journeys between Tennessee and Mississippi were made on horseback, alone, most of the way through a wilderness country and almost without roads. About the year 1835 the Legislature of Mississippi repudiated the public debts of the state. In consequence of this act Mr. Hart became a bankrupt and took the benefit of the United States bankrupt law, gave up what goods and other property he held and went out of business. After all was disposed of, the claims unpaid amounted to several hundred dollars at home and $10,000 to a wholesale merchant in New York. A vacancy hav- ing occurred in the ofifice of Probate Clerk, the most remunera- tive office in the county, Mr, Hart was appointed to fill the va- cancy. And so well did he do this work that the people elected him for six successive terms. Thirteen years in this office — and at the same time, as he was a good business man and a ready writer, he did much work for the State^ — enabled him to accumu- late, above his current expenses, about $13,000. Though all former debts were legally cancelled, yet he felt that he was morally bound for them, should he ever be able to pay them. Hence he first paid in full his home obligations. In August, 1848, he paid his New York merchant $10,000 in gold, and then, with a clean record, he again went into general mercantile business, and soon became the most popular and successful merchant in his county. June 18, 1842, he was married to Miss Amanda Ayres, of Elk- ton, Ky., who was visiting her brother, Treadwell Ayres, a law- yer of Carrollton. To them were born eleven children, viz : Em- ma Stansberry, April 26, 1843 ! Mary Elizabeth, Feb. 4, 1845 ; a daughter, unnamed, died in infancy; William Harrison, Aug. 21, 1847; Laura Amanda, Oct. 11, 1849; died July 18, 1862, aged 13 years; Charles Harvey, Feb. 8, 1852, died in Texas, Nov. 19, 1888, aged 36 years; Samuel, Jr., Jan. 9, 1855; Washington -73 — Stansberry. Nov. 19. 1856. died Sept. 27. 1857; Minnie Ella. Oct. 3, 1858: Isaac .\yros. May 3, 1861, died .\pril 10. 18*^3. aged 32 years; Clarence. Aii^. 17. i8<»4. died ."^ept. 7. 18^)5. In October, 1842. Samuel Hart and .\inanda, his wife, were converted under the preaching of Rev. James Gallagher, then laboring as an evangelist in CarroUton. Tliey united with the Presl^ytcrian church. He was soon after elected a ruling older and Clerk of the Session, in which he served until the time of his death. His Christian life was very simple and practical in its character. After his conversion he at once established the fani- ilv altar, which was ever after faithfullv maintained. He literallv lived the "Golden Rule, " which was manifest in the fanuly, in his ])usiness and. indeed, everywhere. Like one of old. he could say: "For to me to live is Christ." He was a diligent stu«Icnt of the Bible, and always at the midweek prayer meeting. A care- ful observer of the Sabbath, he neither nia ' ■ > * vr a fe.. . ..:s his health failed ,. 't* tie worldly goods, but out of debt. NOT I. I lived in my brother Samuel*!* (amilv fnwn 1R51 to ---. In January. 1887. I spmt two w < ]\r I' • i>!e. a r ■ ifTrrrr '■ •• I chro: ' •• patient an He '. with ; -74 — God. During the following winter he was so feeble that he kept to his bed most of the time. On the evening of Feb. 15, 1888, he said to his wife : "I would like to get up and pray once more." She assisted him. They kneeled together at the bedside, and after a few minutes his voice ceased. The spirit had returned to God, who gave it. This was the glorious ending of the life that now is of one of the most cheerful, happy, godly men I ever knew. He was seventy-five years old, height 5 feet, 7 inches, weight 160 pounds ; always neat in person and dress, shaved smooth. In manner, gentle, kind and amiable. A noble Christian gentleman. "Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright ; for the end of that man is peace." His wife, Amanda Ayres Hart, was a quiet, unassuming, godly woman, in every way worthy of such a husband. She survived her husband about two years, w^hen she joined him. "In the land of pure dehght. Where saints immortal reign." — C. C. Hart. Emma Stansberry, born April 26, 1843. Educated in the schools of Carrollton. She united with the Presbyterian church in early Hfe. Was married to Mr. John L. Tustin, a jeweler of Carrollton, March 21, i860. They had two daughters, Lizzie and Emma H. Mr. Tustin served in the Confederate army dur- ing the civil war. He died soon after the war. His widow and her children lived with her parents, she taking the oversight of household affairs, until after the death of her father, 1888; when she purchased and remodeled the Carrollton Hotel, which she opened as the Tustin House. This business she conducted suc- cessfully until her death in 1897. Lizzie Tustin, after completing her education in the Carroll- ton schools and studying music under private instruction, spent one year in the College of Music, Cincinnati, O. She was then employed as a music teacher in a school in Texas, where she married a Mr. Her. They had one son. Garland. Mrs. Her re- turned to Carrollton on a visit and died there November 26, 1895. Their son, Garland Her, has a home with his uncle, S. P. Armstrong, Emma H. Tustin united with the Presbyterian church in early life. She married Mr. McBride, a druggist of Carrollton. They had no children. After the death of her mother she took the management of the Tustin House. For three years she was a helpless sufferer from spinal trouble. During this time she manifested the greatest patience and Christian resignation. Died April 17, 1899, in the 32d year of her age. -73- Mary Elizabeth, second child of Samuel and Amanda Mart, was born Feb. 4, 1845. She received her education in schools oi Carrolhon and also at Cirenada. Miss. She united with the Presbyterian church at an early age. She was marrieil to Mr. Isaac Anderson Hoot). Reccive tion in the schools of (irenada. In early life .she united \\i Presbyterian church. Dec. 21, 1887. she was married to Mr. John \\'. I'.uchanan, editor of the Grenada Scntiiul. Tin;, h.ivr two children: Mary, born Aug. 16, i88<;; and Kllcn. born June 6, 1898. Third child of Samuel and Amanda Hart, a daugl**^''. ""< named, died in infancy. William Harrison, fourth cluld of Sanujcl and .A ' rn .\ug. 20. 1846. Received his educatioji in li. ' Urn. WaA Converted in early life and united wjth the Presbyterian church He noon dcvelopr: '■ • ■"■" ■ lie •.'. .i . \' I '.■ \V< Ml' -76- him for further miHtary service. He returned home in Feb- ruary, 1865. After he recovered from his wound he went to St. Louis, where he was employed as travehng salesman for E. C. Simmons & Co., afterwards Simmons Hardware Company. He continued in their employ nine years. He married Miss Roxie Gregory, of St. Louis. Then he established himself in the hard- ware business in Grenada, Miss., and was building up a good trade when, on Aug. 19, 1878, he died in the scourge of yellow fever which carried off 350 of the citizens of Grenada. His widow returned to her father's home in St. Louis. Charles Harvey, sixth child of Samuel and Amanda Hart, was born Feb. 8, 1852. Received his primary education in the schools of Carrollton, was a student in the State University of Oxford, Miss., one year. Went to St. Louis, where he was employed as bookkeeper in the M. E. Book Concern. After this he went to Western Texas, where he was employed in herding cattle for several years, when he formed a partnership with two others in the cattle raising business, where he died Nov. 19, 1888, in the 37th year of his age. Unmarried. Samuel, Jr., seventh child of Samuel and Amanda Hart, was born Jan. 9, 1855. He received his education in the schools of Carrollton. Jde married Miss Hattie Miller, of Larrollton. 1 hey are members ot the Jr'resbytenan church, and have three chil- dren : Harry M., born May 31, iSiS5; Mmnie Armstrong, born Feb. 24, 1889; Samuel, Jr., born Oct. 19. 1893. He has been clerk of the Chancery Court of his district twelve years, and at the late election was elected for the seventh time. Minnie Ella, ninth child of Samuel and Amanda Hart, was born Oct. 3, 1858. She received her education in the Carrollton schools. Was converted in early life and united with the Pres- byterian church. She was married Oct. 9, 1887, to Mr. Stephen P. Armstrong, of Vaiden, Miss. The Armstrong Bros, are do- ing a prosperous business as general merchants. Mr. Armstrong is an elder in the Presbyterian church. They have four children, only one of whom is now living (September, 1900). Mrs. Minnie Ella, wife of S. P. Armstrong, died September, 1900, aged forty-two years. Isaac Ayres, tenth child of Samuel and Amanda Hart, was born May 3, 1861. Attended the schools of Carrollton. After he became of age he made his home in Holly Springs, Miss. He died April 10, 1893, aged thirty-two years. Unmarried. — // — Clarence, eleventh child of Samuel ami Amanda Hart, was born Aug. 17. 1864. died Sept. 7, 1865. NOTE — Laura Amanda Hart died at the age of thirteen. Washington Stansberry Hart lived but fourteen months. Clar- ence Hart lived twelve months. — C. C. H. James Harvey, third son of Joseph and Mary Hart, was born in the family home three miles northeast of Maryvillc, East Ten- nessee, Sept. 21. 1815. He was named for Rev. James Harvey. autiior of "Harvey's Meditations." a devotional work popular with the Presbyterians of East Tennessee. At six years of age he accompanied the family in their emigration to Bartholomew County, Intliana. Here he obtained the rudiments of r' • •• such as could be had in the schools of the neighborhi" about fourteen years old his father carefully wrote tlic inden- tures and apprenticed his son to John R. Abbett, of Columbus, to learn the trade of a tailor. When out of his apjirenticcship he went to Salem. Ind.. where he worked for two years as a journeyman tailor. In the early autumn of 1836, at the age of twenty-one. when the Ohio river was low and few boats were running, he, with ten otiier young men, some mech.inics, some conmion laborers, one lawyer, all seeking an opening for l)usine«.>. clubbed together, bought two skifTs, fishing and hunting imple- ments, and from Xew Albany. Ind., started down the Ohio river, stopping at farm houses or towns when their larder required re- plenishing, sleeping on shore or in barns. .After twelve or fifteen days they landed at Evansville, Ind. Here they s«ild their outfit and disbanded. Tlie young tailor made his way, on fool, across the country to New Haven, a village on the Little Wabash river, in Gallatin Coimty, Illinois. Here he esta' " " ! and carried on the tailoring business successfully for fruii.-ii years. In Sep- tember, 1H30. he moved to Shawneetown. j>n the Ohio river. where he established himself as a merchant tailor and general clothier. In this business he continued with a good degree of success, enjoying the confily Spirit. ^ ■ of divine truth contained in this hymn, awaken my c- to my condition as a sinner, when I was not four years old. And from that time on the consciousness of sin and the need of a Savior was ever present with me. When abmit five years old the question. "\\ ill Clod hear my j)rayer?" came befi>re my mind. 1 went away alone and asked God that a certain thing — which I thought very uncertain — should happen within three days. To my surprise it occurred just as I had asked. Since that time I have never for a moment doubted that Ciod would hear and an- swer prayer. When I was si.x years old my brother William was drowned in Clifty creek. I had never seen a dead l>ody. I do not remember that I had even heard of death. This event awakened in me a new field of thought, and gave me still greater an.xicty about my condition as a .sinner. When 1 was seven years old my mother died. A short time before her death she called me to her bedside, and laying her hand on my head, told mc she was going to die. She then gave me a most affectionate part- ing message, and in less than half an hour she entered into rest. And now. seventy-four years after her ileath. I cannot remember any act or words that have so constantly followed me through life to restrain me from acts of wickedness and to ei mc to a life of obef my dying mother. In scenes of wickedness these things were ever before me. Hence I have always i I a Christian mother as the greatest earthly blessing n)\ iM.»»tnly l-ather (•••'' *ic- slf*\\ upon me. After the «lealh of my mother I lived i irs with my brother Gideon on the SamI Hill farm, working <»n the farn) and going to *.chool in the winter, until .\ov. lo. i8,^j, when Rrv. W. W. Woiids. of (Irernwoofl. twelve miles "^ "' f In- dianapoli.s, arranged with my father for nie lo live v i two years. I was to work on his farm nine months and ; <)l three months each year. He was to lK>ard and d r I i;.. ■ '^ to pay for m\ ; for n returned to brother ( iideon's Scpieml>rr, 1H34. In I • v, |R^^>. I wrnt f M. W.T ' ■ ■ i» the cabmet makei -. n.i.lc. In ...... .;.... v » ... -». ... M- — 82 — then carefully prepared the papers of indenture which bound me to four years' faithful service, for which I was to receive board and clothing-. I loved my boss and served him faithfully. tic- was patient, kind and generous to me. During the last year of service I agreed to furnish my clothes and washing and mend- ing for $50. but when my service closed I found myself in debt $150. During my apprenticeship I hid my Bible, a gift of my father, in the bottom of my chest. I very seldom went to church, but that message of my mother was ever with me. Rev. S. K. Sneed, a friend of my father and pastor in New Albany, Ind.,^ came to see me soon after I was out of my apprenticeship and invited me to attend the camp meeting at Mt. Tabor, three miles from New Albany, in the following August. I then secured work for six months at Livonia, a village tvv^elve miles west of Salem. On the 30th of July, 1840, I went to the Mt. Tabor camp meet- ing. For several days I was under deep conviction for sin. On the loth of August, in the forest alone with God, a half a mile from camp, I gave myself unreservedly to the Lord, and Jesus revealed himself to me as my savior. Two days later, while rid- ing home, alone and in the forest, contemplating the great work God had done for my soul, the question came up. Why has God done this work for such a sinner? Ask, ask. And while pray- ing, the answer came, clear and satisfying. You must preach. That settled it. If I was ever called to the work of the ministry it was then and there. In a very few minutes the whole plan of my life was changed. I had planned, as soon as I could pay my debts and get money enough, and I supposed I could do this in two years, to go into business in Burlington, la.,' > When I returned to Livonia, with the consent of the family- I boarded with, I conducted family worship. I united with the 'NlLuii Solsm Presbyterian Church, under the care of Rev. Alexan- der McFerson, pastor at Salem, and continued work until No- vember, when I discovered that my employer had cheated me out of a large part of my wages. In November I returned to Salem. My education was limited to the meager opportunities I had before I was sixteen. At Salem I went to the County Seminary, taught by the beloved and faithful Zebulon B. Ster- gus. There I put in six months in classes with boys and girls of 14 and 15, and worked at my trade to pay for board, clothing- and school expenses. During that winter Salem was blessed with a gracious revival of religion, in which all the churches shared. This gave me an opportunity to labor with my asso- ciates, which I did faithfully,- and had the joy of seeing a num- -S3- ber of thciii turn to ilu- Lord. ( )ur beloved teacher was convert- ed and at once began reading the Scripture antl prayer at the opening of school each day. This hail a most salutary effect upon the school. The year 184 1-2 1 was in the same but taught by the eccentric and able educator. Kev. '' mi M. Xyce. and his sister. I owe much to these three it - What they did not know about teaching I have as yet seen but few that ditl. In November, 1842, I was employed to teach a c- tr\- school in Jackson C'ountv. twentv milt-s north of ^ ' Mv salary was $12.50 per nu)nth of twenty-lour days a;. . . lard around." At the cnest school ever taught in the district." During these four mcmths my only outlay in money was fifty cents. For what was this enormous f^- Al- lure? For haJf soling my shoes. As there was no pr- ^ within four miles, 1 invited my scholars and their parents to come to the school house Sabbath moniing and 1 would preach to them. This I did several times, and always ' ' full house. \\\ May I. 1843. I ''•'^*' \):\\A all my tlebts and :... . ^5 m silver. With this and my tool chest, I started to Marietta. O., to get a college education. This college was organized as a "manual la- bor institution." They had a large two-story buildii ' ' 1 been used for a barrel and broom factory, now v..- ■\. When I reached Marietta I left my tool chest and other I e on the wharfbiiat. went to the college, saw one of the pr< who received me kindly, a-^signed me a room in ' and told me I could occupy any part of the ' - . ...it suited me for a shop, free of rent. I first pi , ird my- self in my room. I then selected a comer on the second floor of the factory. Iwught pine boards anay me what He thcuiKht was right. The bureau was vcneereil with bird's eye m -84- scroll columns, scroll feet, double ogee drawer at the top and polished like a piano case. I then invited the professors and others to inspect this specimen of my work. Presto ! My for- tune was made. From that time on I had all the work I desired, and at fair prices. As work increased I put a second bench into my shop and frequently hired a fellow-student at ten cents per hour. At the beginning of my sophomore year I took in a part- ner, H. N. Pierce, a lad of sixteen, the only son of his mother, and she a widow. His mother furnished him $50 per year. We worked together, kept bachelor hall at a cost of fifty cents each per week. One winter we took in a student to board at seventy- five cents per week. We contracted no debts, paid all our bills promptly and graduated honorably, I in the class of '48 and he in that of '49. He studied theology privately and for thirty years was a most useful minister, most of the time in Minnesota, when the Master called him home. During my college course I taught two classes of girls in Sabbath Schools, at one and three in the afternoons. These were all converted during this period except one. She married, went to Iowa, was converted and her only son is now a useful Presbyterian minister, honoring the title of D. D. In my sophomore year the college was blessed with a revival of religion, in which all the students were deeply affected, and al- most all the impenitent were converted. A After I graduated I went to Columbus, Ind., and worked at "/ 'LPQJi V ^4A "^y trade for $7.50 and board per week for one month. My y , brother Safnuel visited us and gave me $50. With this and my ,,,^-j,,^ JI/jl4/\ month's wages I entered Lane Seminary, Cincinnati, September, / 1848. Here I opened a little shop and supported myself with the aid of $20 per quarter, granted by the Committee of Educa- tion. Just at the close of the seminary year, June 8, 1849, I was attacked with cholera, from which about 200 per day were dying in Cincinnati and suburbs. After two days of great suffer- ing I was so weak that it was difficult for me to walk across my room, and I did not regain my strength until October. I en- tered my second year in the Seminary in debt, occasioned by sickness and inability to work. I carried this debt through the winter. In the spring of 1850, to relieve myself of debt, I left the Seminary before the close of the term and opened a private school in Columbus, Ind. The first week I had seven scholars, fourteen the second, thirty the third, and soon had seventy-five, when I employed an assistant. On the loth of September, 1850, the Presbytery of Madison held a special meeting at Columbus, at which- I was examined and licensed. I continued mv school -85- for ten months, witli the hope of niakinp: $600. Hut I couKl col- lect less than $50^3. Out of this 1 paid all my debts and my board bill of $1.25 per week. .\i)ril 1. 1851. I started to Carroll- ton. Miss., to visit my bri-ither Samuel, intending to return in six weeks. I stopped at Shawneetown. 111., to see :■ ' ■ thcr. I II. Mart. Here I found a town of 800 souls. Pn .m and M. E. churches, but no j)reachin^'. I reported myself to Klder John Kirkpatrick and offered to preach. He said I couhl preach ^ bath morninjT;-. On Sabbath morninc^ I found a .Sabbath ' of thirty. Itpltl Elder K. 1 would be in town for a wn.. ..;..! asked how much preachin;;^ they wanted. After a moment's re- flection he said: "I will tell you after preaching." I had about thirty hearers. After preaching. Elder K. rerpiested me to n any appointments I desiretl. I announced preaching for evening^, for \\'ednes«lay and Saturrni' ice Elder K. said they woidd taJ I reached Carrollton three weeks of my alloti was j; I was invited to slay and preach a few Sabbath- ,t the ji die of May I was asked to go to Madison ("oimty, on the Black river, and preach to a < made this journey, seventy-five ;.... Found a g^ since I arrived in L'arroUion. 1 ' >! failed to fill any appointments nor lost a meal's victuals ; . ...ai of health. I have preached 156 times, traveled in the .saddle mostly 2.4i)j miles, conducted thirty prayer meetings. mapent sixty days in pro- tracted meetings, in which sixty-three ])ersons ma 'rr. U iuie in .M ' * ' ic*. 450 Sci III' Mil and traveled 8,^">> iimt ". •••■ '->i * I t t 1 1 « — 88 — On the 20th of January, 1856, we left Carrollton, drove to Greenwood, thence by Yazoo river steamboat to Vicksburg, where we spent the Sabbath. On Monday, January 26, we pro- ceeded to St. Louis. This journey occupied eleven days. After spending a few weeks in resting and correspondence, I left my wife and baby boy in St. Louis and went to Georgetown, O., and engaged in evangelistic work for ten days. I had been greatly harassed with the idea that in leaving Mississippi I had run away from the Lord's work. But when I began to preach sinners were awakened and converted, the cloud was lifted and the joy of the Lord was mine. I next went to Columbus to con- sult the committee for Home Missions for Southern Ohio. The committee requested me to visit the church at Logan, fifty miles southeast of Columbus, "strengthen the things that remain lest they die," and return and they would put me in a good field. At Logan I found a church reporting eighty-nine members, but not more than fifty could be found. It soon became plain to me, and to the church also, that this was the field that God designed for me to labor in. After three weeks the church gave me a unani- mous invitation to become their stated supply, which I accepted. I brought my family from St. Louis and we began housekeeping in Logan, May i, 1856. At our first communion service we received eleven young peo- ple on profession, some of whom abide, a strength to the church, after forty-six years. We also received three men and their wives by letter, two of whom served the church in the eldership for forty years, and the third for the same time as trustee, and all until their death. Two of the women abide to this day faith- ful to the church. As this was supposed to be a malarious dis- trict the church advised me to leave the place for four or five weeks in the fall. I, with my family, spent the latter part of Au- gust and the month of September in New England. This was my first vacation. My next was the month of August, 1885. In April, 1857, I attended the meeting of the Presbytery of Athens at Amesville. Present, two ministers, moderator and stated clerk and nine elders. We spent two days preaching, asked the moderator to call a meeting ten days later to transact whatever business might come before them. This meeting, April 25, was at Pomeroy. Present, two ministers, stated clerk and one other, and nine elders. Spent two days in preaching, waiting for a third minister. None came. It was then agreed that my name should be put upon the roll, constitute Presbytery -89- and proceed to business. The Presbytery then examined and or- dained Israel S. Twombly, a hcentiate from the Presbytery of Cincinnati, and elected commissioners to the General Assembly, to meet in Cleveland, O., in May. I was the only minister that could go, and as I had recently come from Mississippi, they were afraid of me on the slavery question. I was asked my reasons for leaving the South. I told them I knew of but two. First, I want- ed to ; and second, one of the churches to which I preached want- ed me to. That satisfied them. I was unanimously elected com- missioner. Twenty Presbyteries sent overtures to this Assem- bly on the subject oi slavery, some of them asking that steps be taken to discipline those who were voluntarily holding slaves for profit. The report of the Committee on Bills and Overtures was made on Monday, May 25, and its consideration made the order of the day on the 26th. This subject was discussed from day to day, as other business permitted, until Monday, June 3, when a substitute, rehearsing previous acts of the Assembly on this sub- ject and recommending that the Assembly reaffirm and empha- size these acts, was presented. The Southern members demand- ed that the Assembly retract all previous acts. The vote on the substitute was taken June 4. Affirmative, 169; negative, 26. When the vote was announced, the Southern members rose ni a body and left the house. In about an hour all returned and took their seats, when Rev. James G. Hammer, D. D., Baltimore, Md., presented a protest in behalf of those voting in the negative, which was read, ordered to be placed on record and a committee appointed to make answer. The Southern members then left the house. A few months after my name was enrolled m the irregular manner noted above, the Presbytery held a special meeting. Rumor had charged a member of Presbytery, engaged in business and not in preaching, with unchristian conduct in business, when he was put on trial. I was made prosecutor. On the morning of the third day of trial the accused presented the following : "Whereas, Rev. C. C. Hart's name was put upon the roll at a meeting when there were but two ministers present, therefore be it "Resolved, That he is not a member of this Presbyter}'. And moved its adoption. Carried, 5 to 4- Presto ! My ecclesias- tic head was ofT by a resolution. The thing was so bold, done so quickly, that no one seemed to realize what was bcmg done. The Stated Clerk had my letter, acted upon five months before, — 90 — presented it, and by vote of 7 to 2, the accused and prosecutor not voting, I was made member of the Presbytery. Moral : Do no crookedness. This trial lasted seven days and resulted in sustaining the charges. An appeal to Synod was made. The dwelling of the Stated Clerk was destroyed by fire and our records burned. The Presbytery of Athens has no records previous to April, 1858, when I was made Stated Clerk and Treasurer. Within a year from this trial the accused committed suicide. The winter of 1857-8 is memorable for union prayer meeting. Our session, with class leaders of the M. E. church, appointed a committee to arrange for union meetings on Tuesday and Fri- day evenings of each week. These meetings were conducted by laymen and largely attended for about fifteen VN^eeks. At the close we received about fifty members. ^ About the first of November, 1858, I went to Amesville to as- sist Bro. Merwin in evangelistic meetings. I preached every night and twice on each Sabbath for nearly forty days. They had the largest ingathering that church has ever had at oue time. Beginning in the latter part of January, 1859, I conducted evan- gelistic meetings in Logan almostdaily until the loth of March. The Lord gave us more than two score souls at this time. In November, 1859, I again assisted Bro. Merwin ten days and preached thirteen sermons. It rained much of the time, roads almost impassable, but few women at the meeting. About a dozen, nearly all men, came into the church. In i860 there was great political excitement in the country and but Httle interest in the Lord's service. The presidential campaign and election and the secession of South Carolina com- pletely absorbed public attention. A year previous to this our congregation crowded the audience room. By making some in- ternal changes we gained forty sittings, which were soon filled. Before leaving his home to assume the duties of President, Mr. Lincoln asked his fellow-citizens to pray for him, that God would guide him in the discharge of his public duties. I prepared a sermon on the duty of praying for our rulers. I Tim. 2: i, 2. This sermon I preached probably a dozen times in four counties. After the opening of the civil war (1861) I find this record: "Preached at a war recruiting massmeeting from Deut. 31 : 6. Be strong and of good courage, fear not nor be afraid of them ; for the Lord thy God, He it is that doth go with thee ; He will not fail thee, nor forsake thee." At another time I preached from — 91 — Josh. 5 : 13. There were some among us who said I had left off preaching the gospel and was preaching politics. They ceased to come to church or to contribute to my salary. When I heard of sickness or trouble in any of their families I visited them, as I had done before, but said nothing of their absence. Our congre- gation was depleted in this way, and by a large number of our men who enlisted in the army. By vote of the church I was granted leave of absence on the fourth Sabbath of each month, they agreeing to assemble as usual and listen to a sermon read by one appointed the Sabbath previous. I then arranged to preach at Bremen, twelve miles distant, and at Cross Roads Church, six miles from Bremen. My plan was to preach at Bremen Saturday evening and Sabbath morning ; at Cross Roads in the afternoon and at Bremen in the evening again. This ar- rangement was continued until September, 1865, when those who had absented themselves \all returned. In October, 1803, I conducted evangehstic service's ten days at Cross Roads. On Sat- urday afternoon we had a meeting for prayer ; about twenty pres- ent. We sang a hymn, I read a passage of Scripture and offered prayer. I announced a familiar hymn— no one could sing. After a minute of silence I asked Elder Hasson to pray. We fell upon our knees, but not a word was uttered. After perhaps five min- utes we arose. I was awed with the feeUng : God is here, God is in this house. We sat in silent awe, and finally left the house without saying a word. Four hours after that house was crowd- ed. The whole neighborhood seemed to have heard of that meeting of silent awe. I preached from the words, "Quench not the Spirit," offered prayer, pronounced the benediction and the people all sat down. Then the Spirit seemed to be poured out. Souls were converted there that night ; others the next day. Eighteen members were added to the little church of twenty- five. Soon after this additions were made to the church at Bre- men. We maintained regular church services in Logan, but durino- the two years 1862 and 1863 I do not believe there was a soul converted in Logan. The pastor of the M. E. church ex- pressed the same. In October, 1867, I visited my brother in Shawneetown, 111. The pastor and elders requested me to hold a series of evange- listic meetings. I consented, as the object of my visit was the conversion of my brother, now past fifty years of age. I had no manuscript sermons with me suitable for such work and preached extemporary. Earlv in the meeting the Spirit was at work — 92 — among the unconverted. On Wednesday of the second week of the meeting, after making preparation for the evening meeting, and just before I started to the church, my subject, sermon and text all passed from me. I could not remember in what part of the Bible the text was. I was in great agony. The devil seemed to say, "You ought to have gone home ; your church needs you ; you can't do any good here; you can't preach to-night." I replied, "Lord help me. I will go into Thy house and stand be- fore the people — dumb if that is Thy will; only let the Spirit work." I went to the church not knowing what the Lord would do with me. But as I entered the door the text, subject, sermon, all came to me as clear as the light. I could have shouted for joy. I never preached the Word more clearly. My brother and others entered the Kingdom that night. We continued the meetings until Sabbath evening. I returned home on Monday. The church sanctioned my absence. During the winter and spring of 1867-8 we had additions to our church, and in August, 1868, I received a unanimous call from the church of Shawneetown to become their pastor. I ac- cepted the call and reached that place on the first day of October, and two weeks later was installed as pastor. Previous to this I had been stated supply. At my request the trustees built an annex in the rear of the church, which gave us two rooms, one for the primary class, the other for an adult Bible class and prayer meeting room. In January and February, 1869, we re- ceived twenty or twenty-five members, and during August and September we had the most memorable meeting in the history of the church. The brethren had for several years conducted Sabbath Schools in the country. They determined to make a grand rally. "Gallatin County for Jesus" was the motto. The owners of a large tobacco stemmery were the prime movers, and granted free use of the building. The tobacco racks were re- moved, a platform for fifty, singers and others, was made, and seats for 1,000 were extemporized. D. L. Moody, then engaged in Y. M. C. A. work, was engaged. PhiHp Philips, of New York, was employed to conduct the music. The people from the coun- try were invited to come in. Day after day our church was filled from 8:30 to 10 a. m. and sometimes till almost 12 m. About sunset 500 to 600 people would gather at Bank corner, Mr. Moody or Robert Reid, our efficient elder at Saline Mines, would preach a short sermon, when the people, four abreast, singing "Am I a Soldier of the Cross?" marched to the tobacco — 93 — stemmery, and by the time the meeting was open all seats would be filled. Here Mr. Moody had control of the meeting. Forty minutes for singing, reading the Scriptures and short prayers. Mr. Moody would address the congregation in his earnest spir- itual manner, after which a personal work was done throughout the congregation. The power of the Holy Spirit was manifest in all these meetings. Mr. Moody and Mr. Philips remained with us about ten days, but the meetings were continued, conducted by the laymen, almost daily for several weeks. I did no extra preaching. We received fifty members, and perhaps more than that number, living in different parts of the county, were con- verted. Robert Reid had conducted Sabbath School and weekly prayer meeting, with occasional preaching, for several years, at Saline Mines, seven miles from Shawneetown. In November, 1869, we held a four days' meeting at Saline Mines, and organized a church of fourteen members, as a branch of the church at Shawneetown. I then returned home, and after two days' rest, and by permission of the Session, I went to McC. to conduct a ten days' meeting. We had much rain, mud and dark nights ; few attended the meetings. Two young women professed Christ, and have show^n their faith by their works. In the meantime Elder Reid, with the help of six or eight who went from Shawneetown, continued the meetings at Saline Mines for four weeks, in which thirty-seven professed conver- sion and were examined by the Session. I visited them, bap- tized thirty-two and administered the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. The church elected elders and trustees, and Elder Reid became de facto their faithful and efficient pastor, and is so to this day (1900). Three years later the Presbytery insisted on or- daining him. so that he might administer the ordinances of the church. He had for several years preached as a layman. I doubt whether that Presbytery has ever had a man, taking him through the period of his eldership and ministry, that has accomplished more for the church of Christ than has Robert Reid. In the early months of 1870 we had additions to our church, and in the summer and fall we made a campaign similar to that of the previous year. The evangelist was Elder William Rey- nolds, of Peoria, 111. He spent a week with us. when there were several conversions. The work under his management, assisted by several members of our church, was carried to the country and into several adjoining counties. — 94 — About this time I had a long spell of typhoid fever, followed by sciatic and other troubles. With much suffering and weak- ness, I often preached sitting. My mind was clear, voice firm, but my sciatic troubles would not permit me to stand long enough to preach. This condition continued, more or less, until September, 1871, when, having lost all hope of regaining health in that locality, I resigned the pastorate. In the meantime the church at Logan, O., became vacant, and I received a call to become their pastor, which I accepted, and began work the first of November, 1871, and two weeks later was installed pastor. Gradually my health improved. Our work went on smooth- ly. In January, 1874, I organized a church at New Cadiz, six miles south of Logan. We had one family in that neighborhood. I had often preached in their school house. In the fall of 1873 I drew up a plan and specifications for a house of worship, seat- ing 200. Mr. J. D. Longstreth gave the lot, and through his money and influence the house was built and dedicated, free of debt, and the church organized. Mr. Longstreth was made an elder. I preached to this church on alternate SablDath after- noons until they got a stated supply. In the fall of 1873 we re- modeled our house of worship,, adding fifty per cent to the au- dience room, put in modern pews, a pipe organ, new chandeliers, new fence and wider pavement, all at a cost of $4,000, paid for and rededicated before Christmas. In January, 1873, Rev. J. F. Williams, pastor of the M. E. church, and I planned a crusade against the saloons, nineteen of which we had in town. The crusade was already on in several counties. We held several union meetings. Forty-five of the best women in town undertook the work, elected a leader and by arrangement about thirty men and these women assembled in our church and spent a season in prayer, and the women marched out in double file, entered the nearest saloon, presented a paper to the proprietor, asking him to close his saloon and not again engage in selling intoxicating liquors in Logan. They sang hymns and prayed, leaving the pledge with the proprietor, and visited the next one. This crusade marched from saloon to sa- loon, morning and afternoon, six days in the week, until the loth of March, when every saloon was closed and every drug store pledged not to sell liquor to be drank. W^e met in our church each morning at 9 o'clock. The men remained thirty minutes for prayers, and a union meeting was held in the M. E, church every night. Thus the public interest was kept up, and — 95 — for four months Logan was iiterally a "dry town." ^'xiany intem- perate men reformed permanently, and the whole work was done in such a Christian spirit that no ill feeling or strife was engen- dered. But finally a majority of the saloonkeepers violated their pledge and got back into their diabolical work. In January, 1875, the evangelist, Rev. H. H. Wells, D. D. con- ducted a daily meeting for us four weeks. There was great spiritual quickening in the church and about fifty members were added. In the spring of 1885 it seemed to me that my work in Logan was about done. In April I offered my resignation, requesimg to be released in May. A meeting was appointed to consider my request. Adjourned for one week without action. At the sec- ond meeting a separation was agreed to, naming October 3 1 as the time. In July the members of session offered me the month of August, five sabbaths, vacation, the first since 1856. I sent appointments to vacant country churches in the Presbytery for three and four days' sacramental meetings with each. I pre- pared a special sermon, Isa. 50: 10, and preached it to each of five churches, endeavoring to comfort them and "strengthen the things that remain." I greatly enjoyed this vacation, and on the last Sabbath of October I preached my last sermon as pastor of this church, and ten days later I was moderator of a meetnig of the church, at which thev gave a unanimous call to Rev. D. R. Moore to become their pastor. The month of November I spent with the vacant country churches. The month of December I spent at Webster Groves and St. Louis, preaching on each Sab- bath Jan. I, 1886, I reached New Orleans, and remamed ten davs Visited mv brother at Carrollton, Miss., and had the great pleasure of standing in the pulpit I made thirty-two years be- fore and preaching in the old church. After a visit of two weeks I went to Memphis, Tenn., and engaged in evangelistic work for ten davs in Bro. Richardson's church. While in Memphis 1 was invited to go to Charlestown, Ind., and preach four Sab- baths which I did. Then went to Columbus, Ind., and preached ten nights and twice Sabbath mornings, and returned to Logan April I, having been absent four months, during which time 1 preached seventy times and traveled over 4,000 miles. At the April meeting of Presbytery I agreed to supply two or three churches at regular intervals and fill up the balance of my time in missionarv work among our vacant country churches. This work I continued two and a half years. In one church two -96- were added, in another four, in another six, in another eighteen. But the work seemed to me very unsatisfactory. It was Hke spreading the butter so thin that it could scarcely be tasted. In September, 1888, the church at North Platte, Neb., invited me to spend six months with them. I consented, and left Ohio. Dur- ing the thirty years that I had been a member of the Presbytery of Athens I had been their Stated Clerk and Treasurer for more than twenty years. I was chairman of the Committee on educa- tion twelve years, chairman of the Committee of Home Missions thirteen years. I was called to prosecute two ministers and one elder, and in each case the charges were sustained. I married people in seven counties. I preached in every church in the Presbytery except two, in some of them from ten to fifty times. I was moderator of the Synod one year. The Presbytery sent me to the General Assembly three times: Cleveland, 1857; St. Louis, 1866; Omaha, 1887, I reached North Platte, Neb., on Friday, the latter part of October, 1888. On Sabbath we had thirty-six hearers, and sev- enty in Sabbath School. We were on the eve of a presidential election, and much political excitement. I began pastoral work from house to house among church members and Sabbath School scholars. The church reported eighty-seven members, but I could find only about half that number. By the first of January, 1889, our house of worship was well filled, and I be- gan a series of meetings, preaching each night for two weeks, when we received sixteen members, one man sixty years of age and his wife. This man was an old citizen, knew everybody, and labored faithfully to bring his old associates to Christ. Ten days after the close of this meeting he came to me and said : "You closed your meeting too soon ; there is more fruit that ought to be gathered in." I then continued meetings every night for ten days, when we received about the same number of members as before, and soon the Sabbath School was doubled in numbers. My six months' engagement expired April 30, 1889. Two days later I was installed as pastor. The Lord prospered us during the year. Just at the close of December I had a severe attack of la grippe, followed with rheumatism. After a month's silence I began preaching again, but had nuich suffering, which contin- ued with little relief throughout the year. I did my usual preach- ing, and we had a few additions to the church, but felt compelled to resign. On the last Sabbath of November we received one member and I baptized one child, and preached my last sermon' -97 — as a pastor. We then came to Webster Groves, I\Io., December, 1890, where our sons gave us an elegant home for our old age. Within a year I regained my health, and have preached from fif- teen to twenty times each year until I passed by eightieth birth- 'Wvy day, since then I have preached but few times. During a min- ^ istry of fifty years I have never "candidated" nor asked for a pastorate. I have preached about 6,000 times and have reason to believe 800 souls were converted. I married about 450 cou- ples, and attended about the same number of funerals. I was school director two years, school examiner for the county eight years, trustee of Wooster University five years. I also superin- tended the public schools of Logan two years during the civil war. I have taken all the degrees of English Freemasonry, and often found it a help among strangers, especially in traveling, and have never felt it to be an injury to me. As to our family, three sons and three daughters were born to us, viz : Edward Studley, born in Carrollton, Miss., March 9, 1855 ; Horace Pierce, born in Logan, O., March 12, 1858, died at seven months; Alice Whipple, born in Logan, O., July 17, 1859; Mary Pamelia. born in Logan, O., April 17, 1862; Olivia Rochester, born in Logan, O., July 10, 1865; Joseph Charles, born in Logan, O., Nov. 20, 1866. These were all baptized in in- fancy, and all, except the youngest, united with the Presby- terian church. Edward S. Hart learned the printer's trade with his uncle, R. P. Studley, in St. Louis, and became a partner with his uncle. At the death of his uncle, November, 1890, he became senior part- ner in the business. He is a Mason, a member and trustee of the Congregational church. In June, 1881, he was married to JMiss Azuba B. Nevius. To them two children were born : Robert Studley and Margaret. The son died at the age of eleven years. The mother died Feb. 22, 1884. Edward S. Hart was married to Miss Florence May Bate, of Webster Groves, Mo., May 9, 1897. They have one son, Edward Studley Hart, Jr. Alice Whipple Hart graduated from Logan High School, studied music, privately, under several instructors, and one term in the Conservatory of Music in Cincinnati. She was married to Mr. Edward A. Gary, Aug. 22, 1882. To them two sons were -98- born. Edward A., who died in infancy, and Robert liarl Cary. They make their home in North Platte, Neb. Mr. Cary is an elder in the Presbyterian church, and for ten years has been Court Reporter in his judicial district. Mary P. Hart graduated from the Logan High School and for twelve years was a successful teacher. She is a member of the Congregational church and makes her home with her pa- rents. Olivia Rochester Hart graduated from the Logan High School. She also graduated from the Western Female Seminary, Oxford, O., in both literary and music departments, and gave instruction in music in her alma mater one year. She was mar- ried to Mr. Charles B. Todd, of Logan, Sept. i, 1886. They have eight children, viz : Harold Hart, Seymour Sttidley, Edward Charlton, Mary Olivia, Charles Brooke, Jr., Vernon Cary, David Latimore, who died in infancy, and Marshall Fulton. Their home is in Webster Groves, Mo. They go to the Congregational church. Mr. Todd is employed in the R. P. Studley Company, St. Louis. Joseph Charles Hart graduated from the Logan Fligh School, learned the printer's trade with his brother, is a printer for the R. P. Studley Company. He is a member of the Congregational church and has his home with his parents. Who can duplicate this : In St. Louis. Mo., on the 25th of March, 1900, I baptized Robert Braden, Jr., who is the son of Robert Braden, Sr., who is the soil of Frank Hart Braden, who is the son of Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Braden, who is the daughter of Gideon Blackburn Hart, wdio is the son of the patriarch. Jo- seph Hart, who is my father. Hence Robert Braden, Jr., is in the sixth generation of my father. Representatives of five generations were present. A true record, made this 29th day of March, 1900, mv eightieth birthday. C. C. HART. Webster Groves, Mo. REV. WILLIAM TAYLOR HART. William Taylor Hart was born at the old home. Sand Hill farm, in Clay Township, Bartholomew County, Indiana, near the present center of population of the United States (1899), Dec. 8, 1833. He bears the name of his mother's brother — William Taylor. — 99 — Among his earliest recollections are those concerning his Grandfather Hart. When he (William) was about six years old his great grandfather, Taylor, then 84 years old, came to visit Grandfather Hart, who lived at our house, and talic over their Revolutionary War experience, they having been in the same company and messmates. And when Grandfather Hart was wounded at the battle of Cowpens Great Grandfather Taylor nursed him. Their war stories were of intense interest to my boyish curiosity. The first school that I attended was taught by Harvey Sloan. The teacher always called me Captain Riley, and the scholars for many years called me "T. Hart," because I insisted that my name was Wilham T. Hart. Among my other teachers were John Foster, two winters ; my father two winters ; a Mr. Doolit- tle, who had but one hand ; John Rolston two winters and David E. McCauley. In 1850-51 my uncle, C. C. Hart, taught school in the old County Seminary in Columbus. I went to school to my uncle in the fall and winter of 1850-51, and boarded with David Pence, but roomed in the Seminary building with the teacher. The next winter I went to school in Columbus to Rev. and Mrs. Godden and boarded with David Pence. During the winter of 1850, while rooming with my uncle, there was a revival of religion in Columbus. Rev. James Brown- lee was our pastor. Myself, with many others in the school, , were deeply anxious about our souls. One night my uncle left me alone, and after a great struggle with myself I accepted of Christ as my. Savior and was made happy in His love. In the morning my uncle came in early to make the fire and sweep the school room, and finding this work done exclaimed, "Why, you are up early !" I replied, "I did not go to bed." "What is the matter?" he asked. "I have been trying to settle the contro- versy between the Lord and myself, and I have made an uncon- ditional surrender." In taking this step I was greatly helped by the preaching of our pastor, but especially by the prayers and counsels of my uncle, and by what he knew of the wish of my father and mother. Soon after this I united with the church. I was then seventeen years old. Young Christians at that day were not given much to do that would develop spiritual life, and I made but little progress in Christian life. I attended church regularly at Columbus, four miles from home, and I usually rode horseback. lOO — My father being in poor health, I could not attend school in the winter of 1853-54, but worked on the farm. Feb. 22, 1854, my father died, and as I was the oldest son, the care of farm, in a great measure, rested on me. This care I had until the fall of 1855. During the winter of 1854-55 I taught a three months' subscription school in a log school house one mile north of our home. A few days before my father's death he asked me to take his place in keeping up family worship. This I did, though it was a great cross at first. My father was superintendent of the Sunday School in the neighborhood, and the first Sabbath after his death it became necessary to choose a superintendent. Against my strong pro- test, the choice fell on me. And thus I was gradually led into Christian work. Rev. Henry Little, D. D., of Madison, and others often urged upon me the duty of giving myself to the work of the ministry. I also knew that this was my mother's wish. After much thought and prayer I made the decision and consecration. My brothers, Edward and Gideon, being old enough to take care of the farm, in September, 1855, I entered the preparatory department of Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Ind. For the first two years I received some financial aid from home. Afterwards I received aid from tlie Presbyterian Board of Education. During rny preparatory course I had the care of tlie prepara- tory building. I sawed the wood, made the fires, swept the room 5 and in this way I paid a large part of my expenses. Two years I waited on the table at the hotel for my board, and two years I was steward of a boarding club for my board. I also took caie of the college hall; sawed wood and did other work, and in this way I met most of my expenses. One winter I taught school in my native county and boarded with Newton Jones, my brother-in-law. At another time I went home at the spring vacation and worked on the farm until Sep- tember for Newton Jones. One summer's vacation I spent in Shelby County. Indiana, laboring for the American Tract So- ciety, but the most of the summers I spent at home working on the farm. June 26, 1861, I graduated from Wabash College, taking the degree of A. B. By the faculty of the college I was invited to deliver one of the master orations at the commencement of 1864. I chose for my subject, "The Westminster Assembly." At this time I received the degree of A. M. — lOI After I graduated, on account of the unsettled state of the country and the need of funds, I did not go to the Theological Seminary that fall, but taught an eight months' school at Sar- dinia, Decatur County, Indiana. As my brothers had gone into the army, I spent the summer of 1862 on the farm and taught a fall school in Columbus. The way now being open, I went to Lane Seminary after the fall term had opened, arriving there on my twenty-ninth birthday, Dec. 20, 1862. The next summer I spent on the farm. In my senior vacation — 1864 — I preached at Wabash, Ind., for Rev. WiUiam Essick, an old college friend. I graduated at Lane Seminary May 11, 1865. During my senior year I preached at Lebanon, New Richmond and Mor- row, O., Jamestown, Ky., and several times at Bethlehem and New Washington, Clarke County, Indiana. Through Rev. John W. Walter, of Milan, O. — son-in-law of Dr. Allen, of Lane Sem- inary — I received an invitation to preach at Lyme, Huron Coun- ty, Ohio. I spent the Sabbath, March 6, with that church. Near the close of the Seminary year I received a call from that church to become their pastor. About the same time I received a sim- ilar call from the churches of New Washington and Bethlehem. After careful and prayerful consideration, I accepted the call to Lyme, and entered upon my work there May 28, 1865. In April, 1864, I was licensed at Columbus, Ind., by the Presbytery of Madison, and on Sept. 11, 1865, I was ordained to the work of the gospel ministry at the same place and by the same Presby- tery. My uncle. Rev. C. C. Hart, preached the ordination ser- mon. April 29, 1865, I became engaged to Miss Chloe L. Barbour, of Walnut Hills, O. We were married by Rev. C. C. Hart at Walnut Hills, Sept. 7, 1865. Miss Barbour was born Nov. 3, 1845, at Greenwood, 111. At the age of six her parents moved to Minnesota. They lived four years in Minneapolis and four years at Monticello, 111. In i860 they moved to Cincinnati, O., where the daughter attended the Female College, Rev. Geo. M. Maxwell, D. D., president. In May, 1865, she graduated from the Cincinnati College of Music. She was a member of the Presbyterian Church of Walnut Hills and their organist. Durnig the greater part of my ministry she has been a most efficient helper in church and Sabbath School, especially in infant class work and music. After our marriage we visited my mother at the Sand Hill farm, and the next day we attended my ordination at Columbus, and thence to Lyme. When I began work at Lyme I02 the membership of the church numbered seventy-five. During my ministry there several precious revivals were enjoyed, at which twenty-five, thirty and fifty were added to the church. I remained at Lyme nearly seventeen years. During this time one hundred and sixty-eight members were added to the church, one hundred and twenty-four on examination, thirty-four by letter. At the close of my pastorate the church numbered one hundred and twenty-one. The Sabbath School had been doubled. Ninety per cent of the school were adults, and ninety per cent of the con- gregation were regular attendants of the Sabbath School. This church was organized on the "Plan of Union" for Presbyterian and Congregational members. In 1873 it became a Congrega- tional church. I continued to serve the church until September, 1881, but still retained my membership in Presbytery. I received a call to the pastorate of the churches of Bloom- ville and Melmore, which I accepted, and was installed in No- vember, 1881, My uncle, Rev. C. C. Hart, preached the installa- tion sermon. I served these churches four and a half years. During this time ninety-seven members were received, sixty-nine on examination and twenty-eight by letter. The churches were increased, one from seventy-five to one hundred ; the other from sixty to seventy members. Sabbath Schools increased also. In the spring of 1886 I accepted a call to the church at Huron, Erie County, Ohio, in the bounds of the Presbytery of Huron. The other three churches of which I have been pastor were also in the bounds of this Presbytery. During the thirteen years I have been pastor at Huron the church has grown from a mem- bership of ninety-eight to two hundred and fifteen. Two hundred and twelve have been received to membership ; one hundred and sixty-six on examination, forty-six by letter. The enrollment in the Sabbath School is three hundred and ninety-two. There have been one hundred and fifty-one baptisms ; sixty adults and ninety-one children. During the thirty-five years of my ministry I have preached 3,821 sermons, married 156 couples and attended 420 funerals. Three times I have been moderator of the Presbytery. Three times I have represented the Presbytery in the General Assem- bly : In 1869, the year of the reunion at New York, in May, and at Pittsburg in October; in 1885 at Cincinnati, and in 1893 at Washington, D. C. We have four children, two daughters and two sons, viz : Alice Hart, born at Lyme, July 25, 1866. She united with the church — I03 — at the age of ten. Graduated from the Western Female Sem- inary, Oxford, O., June, 1887, and was married by her father to Mr. Elwin Little, of Hayes City, Kan., December, 1889. They have three children: Elwin, born Nov. 15, 1890; Kenneth Sada, born July 21, 1892; and Constance, born Aug. 26, 1895. Sada Hart was born at Lyme, Aug. 5, 1872. She united with the churcli at ten years of age. Graduated from the Western Fe- male Seminary, June, 1891. In the fall and winter of 1892-93 she taught in Sumter, S. C., in a school of the Freedmen's Board. June 19, 1895, she was married to Mr. Edward Powel Childs, of Granville, 6., by her father. Rev. E. W. Childs, father of the bridegroom, assisted in the ceremony. Mr. Childs taught two years in the High School in Pueblo, Col. He is now Professor of Physics and Chemistry in the State University of New Mex- ico, at Albuquerque. They have three children, one son and two daughters: Edward Powel, born in Hayes City, Kan., May 27, 1896; Margaret, born at Pueblo, Col., Dec. 5, 1897; and Kathar- ine, born in Albuquerque, Feb. 26, 1899. Edward Gideon Hart was born at Lyme, Aug. 6, 1880. At ten years of age he united with the Presbyterian church. The year 1896-7 he attended the High School at Sandusky, O. In 1897-8 he attended the High School at Pueblo, Col. He is now (1899) a student in the University at Albuquerque, N. M. Harry William Hart was born in Bloomville, O., Sept. 23, 1883. He united with the Presbyterian church at ten years of age. He has just completed, June, 1899, his second year in Hu- ron High School. Our children were all baptized in infancy, were all converted in their youth and have all been active, consistent Christians. WILLIAM TAYLOR HART. Huron, O., July 24, 1899. REV. G. A. MATHES. George Anderson Mathes, a native of JefTerson County, Ten- nessee, was born Aug. 21, 1809, and died at Rogersville, Tenn., March 30, 1846, in the thirty-seventh year of his age. He was educated at Maryville College, in East Tennessee, un- der the tuition of Rev. Dr. Isaac Anderson, a celebrated preacher and teacher in those times. He was a young man of great prom- ise, of more than ordinary intellect, a high-toned gentleman of — I04 — strictest integrity, with a profo\ind sense of his obHgation to God and man ; of whom Dr. Anderson used to say : "He is a coming giant." On April 7, 1836, in his twenty-seventh year, George A. Mathes was married to Miss Nancy ShankUn Hart, daughter of Edward Hart, of Blount County, Tennessee. To them were born three daughters : Serena Judson, who died in in- fancy ; Mary Jane, who married Mr. James Chandler, and moved to Arkansas, where they both died, leaving no living children ; Margaret, who married Mr. Samuel Foster, a farmer of Blount County, Tennessee, and moved to CofTee County, Tennessee, where they both died. After a thorough course of academical and theological studies Mr. Mathes was ordained as a Presbyterian minister. His only pastorate was at Rogersville, Tenn. His labors were greatly blessed. He was greatly loved by the people, and had every rea- sonable prospect of taking high rank in the ministry. He was a very affectionate son, and till near the close of his life seemed more concerned foi his widowed mother than for himself, and often wrote to her most tender and affectionate letters. He con- tracted consumption, and for several months was a great sufferer. His end was peace with God and man. This short sketch was prepared by Rev. N. Beecher Mathes, September, 1899. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF REV. WILLIAM ALFRED MATHES. By His Son, Rev. N. Beecher Mathes. William Alfred Mathes was born Sept. 28, 1814, in Jefferson County, Tennessee. At the age of twenty-three he was mar- ried to Miss Margaret Maria Hart, daughter of Edward Hart, of Blount County, Tennessee. They had eight children, all of whom lived to adult age, except one ; and are as follows : James Harvey, Nancy Elizabeth, George Anderson, Rachel Emaline, WiUiam Edward Hart, John Theron, Nathaniel Beecher, Cor- delia Josephine. Mr. Mathes started out in life as a farmer, but before very long turned his attention to a vocation better suited to his talents and temperament. He was at different times em- ployed by the American Tract Society, American Sunday School Union and American Bible Society, and also in distributing re- ligious literature, organizing Sunday Schools, making temper- I05 ance addresses and ministering to the afflicted the consolations of the Christian religion. In this way he spent the best years of his life. In this work he canvassed very thoroughly several counties in Tennessee and Arkansas. He thus picked up a large fund of useful information on a great variety ot subjects, and accomplished much good. His education in youth was Hmited to the common schools of those early times, but he was a close student of the Bible, had been accustomed to the best preaching from childhood up, and few men of his acquaintance were better posted on religious sub- jects than he was. When about sixty years of age it occurred to him that he ought to become a preacher of the Gospel. He had serious thoughts on this subject long before, and had been doing re- ligious work publicly all the time ; but as his education had not been directed in those channels required of the ministry in the Presbyterian church, of which he was a member, he decided to cast his lot with the Cumberland Presbyterians, and by them he was Hcensed and ordained in 1875. He preached wherever there was an opportunity, sent appointments to remote school houses, conducted protracted meetings alone and in conjunction with other ministers, and filled appointments for others; but never took regular charge of any particular church. At the age of sixty-seven he lost his wife. This left him entirely alone, as all his children had long since scattered from home. He married a second time, Miss Harriet E. Edgar, an elderly lady, well suited to his temperament and condition in life. Mr. Mathes had been in delicate health since early manhood, and as infirmities increased and old age crept upon him, he conceived the idea of building a chapel on his own land and near his own door, where he could preach and hold Sunday School and have others preach. This he did, raising the funds and overseeing the work in person. After a year or so the chapel upon which he had sper.t so much labor and thought and prayer was burned to the giound. This was a great grief to him, as he was now quite old and feeble. But though cast down, not discouraged, he im- mediately set to work to rebuild the chapel, which was accom- plished, notwithstanding the difficulties usually attending such enterprises, his faith and energy never faltered. For a number of years it was his habit to celebrate his birthday by holding relig- ious service in the chapel (called for him "Mathes' Chapel ). Sometimes a sermon was preached by a minister invited before- — io6 — hand, addresses were made by laymen, and then he would relate his spiritual condition, give expression to his hopes and exhort the young and unconverted to walk in the ways of righteous- ness. Or if those invited failed to be present, he would conduct, the entire service himself. On these occasions he would take a number of his special friends home with him to dinner. These seasons were very precious to him and, towards the last, very aflfecting to all present. He outlived all of his father's family, buried a beloved Vv^ife and infant daughter, two grown sons and a grown daughter. He had many other trials and sore conflicts. Strange that one ap- parently so frail could hold on to life so long and accomplish so much. Jonesboro, Ga., April lo, 1899. P. S. — After months of Ungering illness, this man of God en- tered into rest Sept. 26, 1899, lacking two days of eighty-five years of earthly life. "Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth; yea saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labors ; and their works do follow them." — C. C. H., Jan. 25, 1900. REV. ROBERT HERVEY HOOKE. John P. Hooke and Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Hart, were married May 15, 1849, at the family homestead of the Harts, three and one-half miles northeast of Maryville, Blount County, East Tennessee. I was born April 6, 1850, four miles east of Maryville, and remained on my father's farm until I grew to manhood. My father inherited his farm from his grandfather, Robert Hooke, who received the title to it from the govern- ment. All my ancestors on both sides, as far back as I can learn, were members of the Presbyterian church, except my grandmother on my father's side. The civil war and the disturbance immediately preceding it de- prived me of many advantages of early education, I being the oldest of six children. My father not being able for service in the Union army, and not willing to serve the Confederate cause, was subject to be conscripted into the Rebel army, he was in hid- ing from the conscript officers for eleven months. This left me, at the age of thirteen, with the care of the family, and the farm to manage and work as best I could. With what help my mother — I07 — and my brother, two years younger than myself, and a day or two when my father dared to venture out, we made a good crop in 1863, the most of which, by force, was taken to help supply one army or the other, for each seemed to be needy and did not hesitate to take, without permission, whatever they could get. I was arrested by General John Morgan's men for hiding horses and held for eight hours ; and on the next day was hemmed in by General Joe Wheeler's men and lay hid in the weeds and grass within one hundred feet of the road while the entire com- mand passed by. A Lieutenant and orderly and ten men passed within forty feet of where I lay. They were getting apples on the first of September, 1863. At another time I played sick to Prevent General Wheeler's men from taking me with them. Thus I was often in hiding or fleeing to prevent the Confederates from getting me. After the war was over everything was so devastated that we had but few advantages in the w^ay of schools. The terms were so short that it took half the time to get up to where we left off ten months before, so that my early education was much neg- lected. In the fall of 1865 I accepted Christ as my Savior and joined New Providence Presbyterian Church, of which my father was, and still is, an elder. In September, 1869, my brother Albert and I entered the preparatory department of ]\Iaryville College in the same class, walking from home, a distance of four miles. Thus walking between eight and nine miles every school day for four years. After this we rented a room in town and did our own cooking for eighteen months. At this time our sisters en- tered the preparatory department of the college. We rented rooms and they did the cooking for us all. ^My brother and I. after many journeys to and from home, many hardships, some delays in the way, graduated in the class of 1874, receiving the degree of A. B. We worked on the farm nearly every Saturday during school months and every summer between school terms. In this wav we obtained our college education. After graduating from college I worked on the farm for my father two years, except three months, when I taught school on Willams Creek, near the spot where the patriarch, my great grandfather, Joseph Hart, camped the first night after leavmg the old home, September, 182 1. January 3. 1876, I entered the Theological Seminary. Danville. Ky My brother Albert had entered four months before. We — io8 — pursued our studies in the same class and completed the course in 1878, when I returned home, and on the last of May, after four hours' examination by the Presbytery of Kingston, I was licensed to preach. (My brother Albert was licensed at the same time.) Thus my brother and I pursued our classical and theo- logical course together, and were licensed together. From that time our lives have been separated. On Aug. 25, 1878, I was ordained by the Presbytery of King- ston as an evangelist, that I might go to Texas on missionary work. But before I could get away the yellow fever at Chatta- nooga and other points was so prevalent that the quarantine pre- vented my getting through the lines ; and I continued to work on my father's farm that summer and fall, preaching occasionally for some of the brethren. In January, 1879, ^ commenced in St. Paul's Presbyterian Church, Hambler County, East Tennessee, a series of evangeHstic meetings that continued three weeks, preaching morning and evening. The Spirit was poured out, the people confessed their sins, confessed wrongs done to each other during the war, forgave each other, renewed their cove- nant vows, a number confessed Christ and united with the church. After this I began missionary work in Knoxville, Tenn., un- der the direction of the Second Church. I preached at Erin, seven miles west of Knoxville, on one Sabbath morning (going on foot) and in one of the city mission churches in the evening. On the alternate Sabbath I preached at New Prospect, four miles out, in the morning, preaching in the evening to another church in the city. I supplied these churches and chapels until August, 1880. Each year I spent several weeks in evangelistic labors in this field, in which time over one hundred members were added to the churches. I then offered myself to the Board of Home Missions for work in the West. I was commissioned to go to Flandreau, Dakota Territory, which place I reached Nov. 11, 1880, where I made my home. Here I preached on alternate Sabbaths, morning and evening, and in the afternoon at some school house. On the alternate Sabbath I preached at Dell Rapids, twenty miles distant, for one year. I built a church at Flandreau, one also at Dell Rapids. I also organized a church at Coleman. By this time the work was so great and the demands for preaching so numerous, I asked the Board to send a man to Dell Rapids and Coleman. — I09 — During the winter of 1880-81 the snow was so deep and the bhzzards so numerous that the railroad trains did not make any regular trips from Christmas until May, 1881. And there was no train of any kind from February 14 to April 20. The supply of fuel was so short that many burned hay all winter. This was prepared by twisting it up in balls, six or seven inches in diameter, and placing two or three balls in an air-tight stove. Some families would go to bed at dark and remain there until daylight, and in this way save fuel and light. Just four months after I arrived at Flandreau, and during a severe blizzard, Mr. Isaac B. Taylor's residence, where I roomed and boarded, was destroyed by fire, in which I lost my entire Hbrary, including notes of lectures received at the Theological Seminary. This was on March 12, 1881, more than a month before the snow be- gan to break up. The snow averaged from three to four feet all Sver the whole country. The drifts in some places were over the tops of the telegraph poles. I preached in school houses when the only fuel was twisted hay. The stove would be filled before preaching, I would then preach from twenty-five to thirty-five minutes, the service concluded, and all returned home, thankmg God for His goodness. Although the mercury was often forty degrees below zero, I missed only one Sabbath's appomtment. Sometimes I went with the mail carrier, when he dared to ven- ture out When he did not go, I sometimes went on horseback, if a horse could get through the snowdrifts. When all these failed I went on foot, and often came home from a twenty-mile trip, and sometimes forty miles, with my feet sore and bleeding from walking through the crusts of snow. Provisions of all kinds were scarce and held at enormous prices. Eggs were htty cents per dozen and could not be had at that. At one time I had a sleigh and two horses to go to the river for flour. But at times I had to get out and lead the horses with a long rope to get them through the drifts. When the snow melted towards the last of April, the water was so abundant that I had to try the swini- min^ process. I would swim my horse across the creeks, get ott pull ofY my shoes and socks, and sometimes pantaloons and drawers, wring the water out of them, put them on and go on my way I always carried my Bible with me. and when I went n swimming I held it in my'left hand while I guided my horse with the other. I held sway over a large territory^Thirty-two miles west was the nearest Presbyterian minister. On the northwest, sixty miles; southeast, fortv miles; one hundred miles cast, an- I lO other; northeast, sixty miles; eighty miles to another on tLv; north. After securing- a man for the churches at Dell Rapids and Coleman, I preached at Flandreau twice each Sabljath, and in the afternoon at some school house. Thus preaching and working up the field. To do this I sometimes drove from fourteen to thirty-two miles and preached three times each Sabbath. About the last of November, 1882, I gave up work at Flan- dreau and went northwest two hundred miles to Columbia, just at the junction of several settlements. 1 preached at Columbia, Ordway, seven miles distant ; Groton, twenty miles off ; Free- port, twenty-five miles, as regularly as I could, working and or- ganizing churches at Columbia, Groton and Freeport. I contin- ued to supply these churches for awhile as best I could, but the results were so unsatisfactory to myself, and so many of other churches coming in, that I lost some of the churches I had or- ganized, through men of no principle and but httle religion. In the spring of 1884 I left this field and commenced work at several points forty miles further north. Here I had a triangular field, but I spent much time preaching at little towns springing up where it was supposed railroads would be built. I preached in school houses, sod houses, hotels, unfinished dwellings, un- finished stores, in part of a saloon. Wherever I could find a place large enough to hold a small congregation, there I preached. I preached in many little towns, in some I organized churches. But with the building of the railroad many of the towns were moved to the railroad, and some of the church organizations were thus broken up. I saw that hundreds and thousands of people were coming in and settling on claims. Beginning May i, 1884, I con- tinued this work until August, 1886, twenty-seven months. Dur- ing this time I traveled with a small horse and buggy nearly 13,000 miles, much of the time over the broad, trackless prairie, when there was a great rush to see who could locate the first claim and build a shanty on it. I usually stopped at night wherever I could find lodging, but sometimes I had to travel all night, or sleep in or under my buggy. On Dec. 21, 1884, I preached twice, drove twelve miles, with the thermometer below zero, and snowing most of the time. Before I could reach my hotel I was caught in a blizzard and had to accept lodging on the prairie for the night, without dinner or supper. After wandering about for an hour I came to a small sod liouse, which I broke open, led my Ill horse in and closed the door behind us. Here I spent the night, tramping up and down, standing on my feet, for there was not room for either myself or horse to lie down safely. The night passed ; joyfully the morning came. The mercury stood at thirty- six below zero when I came out of thirteen hours of total dark- ness. My feet and legs were so cold that I could scarcely move my joints below my hips. My feet were so badly frozen that I did not put on a shoe for three months. Two sermons, fifteen miles' drive, mercury below zero all day, snowing most of the time, caught in a blizard, an awful night in the dark, twenty-four hours without food for self or horse — experiences not to be re- peated. After preaching every night for six weeks at Hudson, I or- ganized a church. In these meetings we had Swedes,_ Nor- wegians, Danes, Germans, Scotch, Canadians and Americans- all singing at the same time, each in his own native tongue, the wonderful story of redemption in the Gospel hymns. And if a,ny desired to speak or pray, they used their native language. (See Acts 2: 5-12.) Such meetings I never enjoyed before and can hardly expect to experience again, so great was the interest, so many nationalities represented, that it seemed a pentecostal sea- son. Here I buiU a church and school house combined, which is used as such yet. In October, 1886, I began preaching at a railroad crossing, five miles north of Hudson. I preached in a building without doors or sash. Two women and twenty-five men were present, and it was so cold that I requested the men to keep their hats on. Here I organized a church in 1887 and the next year I built a house of worship. I also preached at Oakes and Sweden. For awhile I lived at Hudson, and then moved to Oakes, where I owned a small house of two rooms. I have been in storms, bhzzards and cyclones, in one of which the top of my bucrgv was wrcnclK.d oft"; in another I was almost thrown out of it ^ l' have seen the thermometer mark fifty-six degrees below zero several times. I have been in hunger and pain. At one time I was so hard pressed, money all exhausted, that T had to mort- gage my horse and buggy to secure the means for daily living About the time of the adoption of the State constitution, and afterwards, the temperance question, or rather the saloon ques- tion, deeply agitated the public mind. The saloon men honored my work by threatening my life. They said I would be killed if I did not mind my own business and let theirs a one.^^ At one time I was threatened with a "coat of tar and feathers. At an- 112 Other with 'dynamite and a blowing up." At another, "If Hooke knew what was good for him, he would let us alone." At an- other time the saloon men held a secret meeting and selected a man to kill me. Soon after this a saloon man hailed me on the street about something I should have said in a sermon In the conversation that followed I kept cool, but told him I knew they had threatened my life at various times and in different ways but you don t dare to do it. Your business makes you cowards' You dare not meet me face to face like men, but vou would sneak around the corner and shoot me when I am' alone Or you wdl hire some one else to do it. No one but a coward will do this. I am not afraid of you or any of your associates. My door IS unlocked many a time all nigln. It is not you men that I hght, but your business; and I shall never cease 'fighting that You may kill me, but that won't help your business. It was after t us conversation that I heard of the secret meeting in which they hired a man to kill me. Their man became alarmed, and thinking the secret was out, fled from the country. This plan for kil ing me was heard by a man in an adjoining room, with only a thin board partition, and that did not reach to the ceiHng and thus he heard every word that was said. I believe it was the con- versation I had with the saloon man on the street that made them weaken and saved my life. After that there were no more tlireats that I heard of, but I fought the saloons all the same. I he man that I had the conversation with I afterwards prose- cuted for violating the liquor law, and finally secured his con- viction and had him placed under bonds not to engage in the liquor business again. All of which cost him not less Than Si coo I was through all this saloon battle previous to March, 1887 and 1 believe I did as much as any man in North Dakota 10 carry the State for constitutional prohibition." In April, 1887, I became acquainted with Miss \'iola A Knox a young lady from Altoona. Pa., who was keeping house for her at" '^'ooo^''- ^^°''^^ ^^"°''' °^ ^"^^^"^^ City. la. On the 15th of May, 1888, we were married at her father's home in Altoona After visiting for a short time among friends in Tennessee and Indiana, we reached Oakcs, N. D., June 2q. 1887. and were wel- comed with an ovation. We began housekeeping in our house of two rooms. I afterwards built a house, two stories, and four rooms During these eleven years I organized seven churches, opened the way for organizing three others, built and dedicated three houses of worship, and assisted in the dedication of two — 113 — others, made a vigorous and successful fight for constitutional prohibition and married a wife. (Good for eleven years, brother. May your future years be as fruitful and more peaceful. — C. C. H.) Having accepted a call to the church at Kentland, Presbytery of Logansport, Indiana, we left Dakota in December, 1891. I preached at Kentland three years. Here I built a fine manse and greatly improved things in general. I also preached for a Reformed Presbyterian Church, eight miles distant, on alternate Sabbath afternoons. In 1895 I engaged in some general mis- sionary work in Indiana. In October, 1896, I accepted a call to the pastorate of the "Old Indiana and Upper Indiana Churches." I entered on this work at once. We moved into the manse at "Old Indiana Church," six miles from Vincennes, our postoffice. At all the places where I have preached any length of time the church has been greatly benefited and souls have been led to confess Christ. We have no children. Old Indiana Church Manse, July, 1900. AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF REV. ALBERT MELVILLE HOOKE. ' My parents were John Purvis and Mary Elizabeth Hooke, nee Hart, daughter of Edward Hart. I was born Oct. 19, 1851, on a farm four miles east of Maryville, East Tennessee, a part of the same which my great grandfather, Robert Hooke, purchased in the early settlement of East Tennessee, and which my father still owns. My great grandfather was one of the first elders of New Providence Church in Maryville, and my father succeeded him, and is now the senior elder in the church. The most pre- cious memory of my childhood is our Christian home, daily fam- ily worship, regular attendance at church and a holy keeping of the Sabbath day. My childhood and youth were spent in at- tending the country schools during a part of the autumn and winter, and working on the farm the rest of the year. In 1867 my brother Robert and myself entered the prepara- tory department of Maryville College. We went from home, walk- ing eight miles each day, doing our share of morning and even- ing chores and reciting every morning at eight o'clock. When we entered the freshman class we secured a room in town, went from home Monday morning, kept house through the week and — 114 — returned home Friday evening, ready for work on Saturday. During our junior year our sisters, Ada and Arena, entered col- lege and kept house for us. For seven years Robert and myself attended college in term time and worked on father's farm dur- ing vacations, graduating in 1874. I worked on the farm through the summer and taught school during the autumn and a part of the winter of 1874-5, and returning home, worked on the farm the following spring and summer, studying law in the meantime. I cannot remember the time when I did not yearn for a Chris- tian hope and experience, though the way seemed dark till I was eighteen years of age. During a revival in the church and college (1869) I united with the church. From the age of ten years, when I read the life of Henry Martyn, I felt that if ever I became a Christian I must enter the ministry ; but wlien I united with the church an overwhelming sense of unfitness seemed to bar the way to gospel ministry, and for five years I strove to put it out of mind. In tlie summer of 1875, however, I yielded to the voice of duty and entered the Theological Sem- inary of Danville, Ky., September, 1875, and graduated from the same in 1878, having spent the first vacation as colporteur of the Shelby County (Kentucky) Bible Society, and the second vacation in preaching at New Castle, Ky. I was licensed by Union Presbytery in May, 1878, in the chapel of Maryville Col- lege, at the close of the college year. On July 19, same year, I took charge of the Second Church of Bowling Green, Ky., and was ordained by the Presbytery of Louisville in November, 1879. In 1880 I received a call from the church in Greenville, Tenn., which I accepted, and began work there October i, and remained two years as stated supply. Through the solicitation of Dr. Walker, Synodical Missionary of Missouri, I visited that State in October, 1882. But seeing no encouraging outlook in the field to which I was sent, I returned to Bowling Green ; and in January, 1883, I resumed labor as stated supply of the Second Church. In 1884-5 ^ ^^'^s Professor of English Language and Literature and of Mental and Moral Science in Ogden College, Bowling Green, Ky. In 1886 I received a call to the pastorate of the church in Blue Spring, Neb., Presbytery of Nebraska City, which I accepted, and labored with that church two years. In 1888 I was called to Clinton, Ind., in the Presbytery of Crawfordsville, where I la- bored three years. During these three years the church secured a manse, a church was organized at Dana, an outpost fifteen "5 miles distant, and which grew to fifty-two members. There was general prosperity in the field. From 1891 to 1895 I was pas- tor of the churches of Waveland and Bethany, same Presbytery. My health failing, I was compelled to suspend the work of the ministry for a time, and for the last three years I have been on a farm two miles from Bowling Green, Ky., preaching as oppor- tunity ofifered, I was married to Miss Laura Clark, of Bowling Green, Ky., Nov. 30. 1881. We have five children: Clark Purvis, born Dec. 16, 1882; Wishard, born Sept. 26, 1885; May Genevieve, born Aug. 31, 1887; J. Wendell, born Oct. 3, 1889; Virginia Joy, born July 3, 1893. Our children are at home with us. They have been born, baptized and bred within the pale of the Presbyterian church, though none of them have assumed Christian vows per- sonally. They have attended the public and city schools ever since they were old enough to enter. It is our desire to give them a college education, and thus fit them for the Lord's work. ALBERT MELVILLE HOOKE. BowHng Green, Ky., Feb. 3, 1899. AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF N. BEECHER MATHES. Nathaniel Beecher Mathes, son of Rev. W. A. and M. M. (Hart) Mathes, grandson of Edward Hart, and great-grandson of Joseph Hart, was born near Dandridge, Jefferson County, Ten- nessee, July 9, 1855. With the exception of nine months, most of which was spent with his brother Edward in Middle Tennes- see, he remained at home, on the farm, till he was twenty-two years of age. During his childhood he attended the common schools of the neighborhood for two or three months durmg the winter. At the age of seventeen he spent six months in the High School at Mount Horeb, near his father's home, under the instruction of Samuel Anderson, M. D. Later on he attended school at the same place for two months, when his teacher was Professor G. A. Zirkle, a graduate of Kings College. Bristol, Tenn. Within the next two years he spent fifteen months in Maury Academy at Dandridge, Tenn., under Professor ^\ . K. Marard, as assistant teacher, and teaching school himself during vacations. From the age of seventeen he paid his own tuition — ii6 — and met most of his expenses. To do this he practiced the most rigid economy. At times he had scarcely enough nourishing food to preserve good health and strength, but never permitted anything to hinder procuring that upon which his heart was set — a thorough education. In the summer of 1881 he attended one term of the State Normal School at Knoxville, and soon after was elected associate principal of Maury Academy. Here he taught one term. In December of that year his mother died. He had long wanted to try his fortune in other States, but re- mained near home on account of his mother. Feeling now that the strongest tie that bound him to his native heath was severed, he went to Hempstead County, Arkansas, where he taught school eight months. This was in 1882. He next went to Coles County, Illinois, and engaged in teaching. To better prepare himself for such work, early in 1883 he spent one term in the Northern Indiana Normal School at Valparaiso. Then he went back to Illinois, took work on a farm in the summer and fall and taught again in the winter. This brings us to speak of his call to the ministry and preparation for this work. His parents had from early childhood desired to see him become a preacher and mentioned the subject to him more than once. But he had no inclination in that direction at first. By the time he reached his twentieth year he had decided to be a physician, and held to this idea quite a while. Then the career of a lawyer allured him, or something else foreign to the ministry, so that his mind was unsettled. From the first he had determined never to accept aid from any one in prosecuting his studies. Hence his education, for want of means, w^as retarded. While in this unsettled state of mind he received what was, to him, a remarkable intimation of the divine will. He had two brothers that were not Christians, and for whose conversion he had prayed for years. He now made a vow that if God would save them he would at once enter upon any work that Provi- dence might point out to him. In a few day's after making this vow the glad news came that those brothers had accepted Christ as their Savoir. This rather strange experience led nun to give himself unreservedly to the Lord, though not fully assured that he was wanted in the ministry. It is proper to state here that about this time his father joined the Cumberlands, and a great "split" occurred in the old home church, and that he also joined that denomination. It is also proper to state that wdiile in Illi- nois the Lord gave him a very dear lady friend, of mature age, — 117- who acted the part of mother and sister, and often urged the claims of the ministry upon him. Soon after he had been made wilHng to do whatever the Lord would have him to do, the Cumberland Presbytery held their semi-annual meeting. His good friend, Mrs. M. A. Bryden, urged him to attend, as she had friends at the place of meeting and would go herself. He went ; an opportunity was given to any who desired to converse with the Presbytery on the sub- ject of a call to the ministry. Young Mathes went forward and was taken under care of the Presbytery as a candidate for the ministry. This was in the spring of 1883, in Bethany, 111. He sustained his relation to that Presbytery one year, but not re- ceiving the encouragement he expected in regard to further preparation for the ministry, he returned to Tennessee, intend- ing to take a course at Maryville College. On his way he stopped at McMinnville, Tenn., to visit his sister, Mrs. Barton. The pastor of the Presbyterian Church, not knowing that he was a member of the Cumberland church, urged the claims of the Southwestern University, of Clarksville, Tenn. (Presbyterian), upon him. After studying over the matter for a week, Mr. Mathes consented to change his church relation to that of the Presbyterian (Old School). A meeting of the Presbytery of Nashville was held at McMinn- ville, and young Mathes was taken under the care of Presbytery in July, 1884. with arrangements to enter the university at Clarksville the following September, with such aid as their Board of Education could give. At Clarksville, with his pre- vious advanced studies, he was enabled to complete the academic and theological course in four years. During this period he was an active member of the Young Men's Christian Association, and its president at one time, and did some excellent work m Mission Sunday Schools. He was one of the best singers m the University, and during vacations taught vocal music, and in this way paid part of his current expenses. His third vacation (1887) was spent in charge of the church at Pass Christian, Miss., for which he received $50 per month and traveling expenses. He finished his course at the University in the class of 1888. He was licensed by the Presbytery of Nash- ville, in the City of Nashville, Tenn., June 12, 1888. and in a few days after took charge of the West End Church. Atlanta. C.a. This was a small organization, owning a lot, but havmg no house of worship. During the fall a chapel was built and the congre- — ii8 — gation increased. In the spring of 1889 Mr. Mathes was or- dained to the full work of the ministry by the Presbytery of At- lanta. He remained with this church seven years and five months. The membership was largely increased, a two-story building had been erected, but not finished. The pastor's health was greatly impaired and a change of fields of labor became im- perative. He resigned his pastorate at West End Dec. i, 1895, and at once took charge of a group of churches in Clayton Coun- ty, Georgia, with headquarters at Jonesboro. His health soon improved, and his work, for the most part, has always been suc- cessful, both in the pulpit and in his pastoral duties. June 28, 1893, Mr, Mathes was married to Miss Cora Blanche Clarke, of Atlanta, Ga., who has been in every sense a helpmeet for his ministerial work, as well as a devoted wife. They have two children: Margaret Amanda, born June 6, 1895, and lived only one month; William Clarke, born Aug. 9, 1897, a robust, promising child, whose parents have consecrated him to the Lord in the gospel ministry. Mr. Mathes' conversion occurred in his eleventh year, during a protracted meeting in Mount Horeb Church, near his father's home, conducted by Rev. W. H. Lyle, the pastor. He was a child of the covenant, and had been carefully trained in the Presbyterian faith ; and often, from childhood, had deep convic- tion for sin. At this meeting there was an "anxious seat," filled with youths and adults, crying aloud for mercy. The little ten- year-old boy looked on at first with interest and childish won- der, but at this particular time felt very little concern for his soul's salvation. These scenes were repeated for several days, till finally his mother, a godly woman, left her seat and went to him, a tear in her eye and a tremor in her voice, very quietly asked him to go forward to the "anxious seat." There was a moment's hesitation on his part, when she remarked : "You need to go as much as any of the rest." That glistening tear, that trembling voice, that one earnest word, was the chosen instru- ment that shot conviction quite through his soul. He went for- ward, and the next day found peace in trusting in Christ and joined the church. His father, on account of his extreme youth, asked him if he had not better wait some little time before join- ing the church, and referred to the fact that he himself had post- poned the matter six months after he thought he had found the Savior. The little boy said no, he wanted to join the church at once ; and has never regretted the step he then took. Since — 119 — then he has passed through many and sore conflicts, and has sometimes fallen before the enemy, but has never doubted his ac- ceptance with God, and still lives to thank God for a pious an- cestry, for Presbyterian training and for what God did for him through his mother that day in the old Mount Horeb meeting- house. AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF REV. JOHN SAM- UEL EAKIN. I was born near Maryville, Blount County, East Tennessee, Nov. 22, 1867. My father's name is John Wickliff Eakin. My mother's maiden name was Hetty Ann Hart, daughter of Ed- ward Hart and granddaughter of Joseph Hart, the patriarch. My boyhood was spent on my father's farm. I received my early education in the schools of the neighborhood. At the age of sixteen I was converted and united with New Providence Church in Maryville. I received my preparatory and classical education at Mary- ville College, and graduated in the class of 1887, with the degree of A. B. From my birth I was dedicated, by my godly mother, to the Christian ministry, and before I completed my college course I was led to choose the ministry as my life work. I en- tered Lane Seminary, Cincinnati, in September, 1887, and graduated in May, 1890. I was licensed and ordained to the work of the gospel ministry by the Presbytery of Union, Uzy 30, 1890. My first field of labor was at AnnistonAla., where I mmistered to the Noble Street Presbyterian Church one year. From Sept. 4, 1891, I was pastor of New Market and Hebron Churches, in Jefferson County, East Tennessee, to INIarch i, 1897. Having accepted a call to the pastorate of the Second Church of Jonesboro, East Tennessee, I entered on this work March 4> 1897. , , Summary: From June i, 1890, to Aug. 1,1900.1 have preached 915 sermons, made 4,400 pastoral visits, married 20 couples, attended 57 funerals, baptized 76 persons, received to membership in the church, by letter 40, on examination 120. Total, 160. I have conducted eight series of evangelistic meet- ings for my brother ministers. Since October, 1891. I have been a trustee of Mar>'ville College. Since May. 1892, a trustee I20 of New Market Presbyterian Academy. Chairman of Commit- tee on Colleges and Academies for the Presbytery of Union from 1892 to 1897. Chairman of the Committee on Sunday School Work for the Presbytery of Holston since April, 1897. President of Jefferson County Sunday School Convention from i8i)3 to 1895. President of New Market Bible Society from f893 to 1897. Chaplain to Sons of Veterans, Department of Alabama and Tennessee, 1892 and 1893. On the staff of Com- mander William Good, of Greenville, East Tennessee. On June 30, 1897. I was married in Maryville to :\Iiss Agnes Brown Clemens. Miss Clemens' home was with her widowed mother in Maryville. She graduated from Maryville College in the class of 1886; spent the winter of 1889-90 at the College of Music, Cincinnati. P>om 1890 to 1893 she was teacher of music m Maryville College. In June, 1893, she accepted the position of teacher in the Moody Bible Institute. Chicago, and organist in Ciiicago Avenue Church. This position she kept for two years, and in the meantime studying music under some of the best teachers of Chicago. In September, 1895, she again took up her work as music teacher in Maryville College, resigning this position in May, 1897. After our marriage we began house- keeping in Jonesboro in rented property, which we occupied for two years. In the meantime the church bought a most desirable lot and erected a suitable manse, into which we moved July 10, 1899. We have one daughter, Mary Hart Eakin, born Feb. q, I spent the month of August, 1899, at Winona Lake, Ind., be- ing a member of the Tennessee Synodical Quartette, which as- sisted in the music of the Winona Assembly and Bible Confer- ence during that month. The quartette is' composed of Revs. John S. Eakin, John B. Creswell, John G. Newman and Herman A. Goff, all members of the Synod of Tennessee. The past year has been uneventful in pulpit and pastoral work. Since January I have acted as chorister in our Sunday School, A new hymn book has been introduced, the school has learned the music readily and sing heartily. The Presbytery of Holston, at the spring meeting, elected me moderator, and also a commis- sioner to the General Assembly, which met in St. Louis. Mo., May 17, 1900. It was my privilege to be present at all the ses- sions of the Assembly and to participate in its work. \\W\\q in St. Louis I was kindly entertained in the home of my uncle. Rev. C. C. Hart, of Webster Groves. Previous to this 121 visit our acquaintance had been only through correspondence. But I am thankful that I was permitted to know him and hii household personally and to listen to his entertaining' remi- niscence of his early histor}^ and experiences in fifty years of ministry, and to get wisdom and strength from his fatherly coun- sel. The memory of my visit with him in his home, and the per- sonal acquaintance with relatives whom I had never seen, will ever be gratefully cherished. I should be glad to be a minister so long, so usetul and with so beautiful an old age. JOHN S. EAKIN. Jonesboro, East Tennessee, August, 1900. AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF REV. EDWARD HART PENCE, D. D. I was born in Columbus, Ind., April 10, 1868, the fag end of a family of ten. The supply of names had been somewhat reduced, so they called me Edward Hart, after my mother's brother ; an honor which I did not appreciate as I should have done while young, but which I have come to feel more and more. My earliest days were spent in the old seat of my nativity. My earliest am- bition was to swim, which ambition rotated annually with one of equal ardor, to skate ; both of which were early realized. At six I went to school ; plodded for twelve years ; failed often enough to teach me the necessity of hard work, and was grad- uated without honor at Columbus High School in 1886. A tre- mendous elocutionary spasm at graduation, together with a com- pHmentary of my brother George to the miserableness of my handwriting, nearly forced me into the law as a manifest des- tination. I had long cherished an aspiration to be a doctor — ever since the doctor pulled the lad of five from the jaws of the grave. Then the inheritance of very much of my father's pas- sion for mechanics nearly drove me into mechanical engineer- ing as a calling. The law won, on the persuasion of two broth- ers in that profession, and in July, 1886, I went to Denver, Col., where I expected to attend the Denver University and even- tually practice law. From September to Christmas sufficed to prove that it were wiser to return to Indiana and study at Han- over, where I matriculated January, 1887, entering the sopho- — 122 — more class. In the same class was a young lady, who is now the mother of my children. It was not "love at first si<,dit," happily, else I might have failed to pass some more. Albeit, two years' association in a chemical laboratory developed and consum- mated other than chemical affinities. My wife insists that I men- tion certain oratorical triumphs while in college, and also that she finally took me because I was so smart, which comphmcnt I would fain reciprocate. During the senior year came the de- cision to study for the ministry, abandoning a cherished, and as I supposed, a confirmed purpose to practice law; entering Mc- Cormick Theological Seminary, Chicago, September, 1889. During the two following summers I supplied small churches at Shako^pee and Eden Prairie, Minn. Graduated at McCormick April, 1892, and went to Georgetown, Col. Was settled and be- gan as stated supply there May i, 1892. In June went back to Hanover to bring my bride, Jessie Archer, daughter of William and Orma L. Archer, and class- mate in college. The service at Georgetown was one of spir- itual and mental delight. In October, 1893, was called to Boul- der Col At the same time I held a call to the I'lrst Presby- terian Church of Janesville, Wis. The latter was accepted and entered upon service in November, 1893, being installed Jan. 22, 1894. Nearly six and a half years witnessed a steady growth in the church. In that time there have been about twelve acces- sions at each quarterly communion. Of details, there is noth- ing aside from the ordinary to relate. We have three children, viz : David William, bom July 6. 1893 ; Jessie Norma, born July 9, 1895; Edna Louisa, born FeK 14, 1898. E- K- P^^CE. Janesville, Wis., October, 1809. ADDENDA. REV. E. H. PENCE. The above was wTitten a year ago. and knowing that impor- tant events in the ministry of Mr. Pence had occurred m the meantime. I applied for additional notes. But his modesty sug- gested : "There is little more of special interest to write. But I may say that mv pastorate in Janesville was of peculiar sweet- — 123 — ness to me. At the very close six children were baptized and at the last communion, March i, we received twenty members. The last year we were especially blessed. More were received on profession than in any other church in Madison Presbytery." In February, 1900, unknown to Mr. Pence, a committee of two from Fort Street Presbyterian Church of Detroit, Mich., heard him preach, morning and evening. On returning home, the church, on March 6, issued a unanimous call for his serv- ices as pastor. He and his wife visited the Fort Street Church, spent two Sabbaths, when he resigned his pastorate at Janesville and accepted the call to Fort Street Church and entered this new field of labor April i, and a few weeks later was installed as pas- tor. Fort Street is a down-town church, with all the possibilities of contact with a large constituency. The total accessions to the church during the first four or five months were about sixty. In a note he says : "For no assignable or obvious reason known to me, Beloit College, Wisconsin, in June, 1900, conferred on me the degree of Doctor of Divinity." Wishing to obtain further information, I wrote to the Ses- sions of Mr. Pence's previous pastorates. The following is from Georgetown, Col. : "In answer to your inquiry, I can say Mr. Pence displayed from the start great fitness for his work and ability to care for a much larger church and field than ours. The call that came to another field was, therefore, not a surprise, but was a cause of sincere regret to all Georgetown people. There is perhaps only one secret of success in the Christian min- istry — the possession of the companionship and aid of the Holy Spirit, together with natural qualities, scholarly attainments, m- dustry, devotion and Christian spirit; with all of which Mr. Pence seemed to be thoroughly possessed. His people saw m him a high purpose. Himself convinced of the worth and power of the gospel, he determined that others should know and be- lieve it. The message that he had to deliver was always logical, illuminated with happy illustrations and sometimes with a spar- kle of humor, and carrying with it his own definition of elo- quence, "that which makes people do something." This church has probably not had a more successful minister than Mr. Pence, nor one who so fully captured the hearts of the people. It is due to add that if there was any lack in his completeness, it was fully supplied in his lovely companion, who, by her amiable quali- ties, endeared herself to us all. — 124 — The writer feels that Mr. Pence has a real history in making, and that he will prove himself worthy of any honors that the church may confer upon him. MARCUS WHEELER. "Clerk of Session. The following is from Janesville, Wis. : "Rev C C Hart : In answer to your inquiries : Mr. Pence is an able, consecrated preacher, a faithful pastor, kind and eenial in his intercourse with men, broad and charitable m his thoughts and deeds. Original, versatile and pertment in his preaching and conversation, rich in thought and diction, always challenging attention by the matter and manner of his_ message. His mind is rarely constituted; poetical and imaginative in its gift of adornment, penetrating to the core of a subject, clear m its analysis and felicitous in its sympathetic touch He did good work in our church and in our city at large. His love and solici- tude went out in all helpful ways to the poor, unfortunate or sor- rowing. Very truly yours, "EDWARD RUGER, Elder." The following is from the Clerk of Session : "Rev C C Hart • Yours of September lo received. Concern- ing the ministry of Rev. E. H. Pence in our church the records show that during his pastorate here there ^^r^ added on pro- fession 155. and by letter 104. M. H. LOVERHILL, "Clerk of Session. NOTE^For the above addenda Dr. Pence is in no wise re- sponsible. A few sentences marked '' " were garbled from a note marked "not for print." My apology for writmg to the sessions of his former pastorates is this : I believed all mir friends would wish to know more of the early ministry of Mr. Pence than he had given in his sketch. If I have violated good taste I take the blame wholly on myself.— C, C. Hart. > a '% ^^. •^>. .A^ .^^' >• ^ -^->. v^ A^^ ■''ct :5 -n^. ^^. X^" ^..<^ ^■ .^^ "'e O 0^ H •n*.. /. *.'. f!/- v^' .V 1 ,^^ -^c*:. ^^' 'ci- '■J^