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ALL ABOUT 
 DETROIT ' 
 
 AN ILLUSTRATED 
 
 GUIDE, MAP AND HISTORICAL SOUVENIR 
 
 WITH 
 
 LOCAL STORIES. 
 
 By SILAS FARMER, 
 
 His(oriocrrap/ier of the City of Detroit, 
 Member of American Historical Association, 
 
 Fellow of American Geographical Society, 
 Alt til or of History of Detroit and Micliiga)i, 
 
 Cliampions of Clirisfianity, Etc., Etc. 
 
 SILAS FARMER & CO., 
 
 .^1.) Monroe Avenue, cor. of Farmer St. 
 
 DETROIT. • 
 
SEOJND 'JOPY, 
 
 .374 Pz^ 
 
 -32391 
 
 Copyright, 1899, by SiLAS FARMEK. 
 All rights reserved. 
 
 A liberal reward will be paid for information of the reprinting 
 by any person of material contained in our Books or Maps. 
 
 Silas Farmer & Co. 
 
 JUN-31899 
 
 a 
 
 k-fft... 
 
 Press of John F. Edv & C<>., 
 65 Congress St. West. 
 
 
J- 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 A BiRDSEYE View OF Detroit , 6 
 
 The Avenues and Belle Isle 9 
 
 River Rides and Trolley Trips 14 
 
 A Dictionary of Detroit — Indexed Information 
 About Everything 18 
 
 Look it through. It tells what you want to know. 
 
 Detroit City and Suburban Car Lines 93 
 
 Illustrations 113 
 
 Historical Calendar of Eventful Detroit Dates... 194 
 
 Look and see of what event to-day is the anniversary. 
 
 Detroit Stories 253 
 
 Humorous, Historical and Religious. 
 
 Railroad and Steamboat Ticket Offices and Depots. -271 
 
INDEX OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Armory, Light Guard 169 
 
 Art Museum 156 
 
 Bank, Preston National 5 
 
 Baptist Church, Woodw'rd Ave, 166 
 
 Baths, Chiera's 1^"^ 
 
 Bear Pit, Belle Isle 164 
 
 Belle Isle Scenes 
 
 134, 146, 164. 174, 175, 178. 179, 182, 188 
 Bird's-Eye View of P. O., etc... 152 
 
 Cadillac Square 187 
 
 Central M. E. Church 167 
 
 Chamber of Commerce 1:^0 
 
 Chiera's Bath House 126 
 
 Children's Free Hospital 177 
 
 Christian Church, Central 181 
 
 Christ Episcopal Church 147 
 
 City Electric Lighting- Plant.... 1:^4 
 
 City Hall 116 
 
 College, Gutchess Business 163 
 
 College of Law, Detroit 140 
 
 College of Medicine, Detroit.... 140 
 Congregational Church, First... 189 
 Connolly, Hugh, Jeweler and 
 
 Optician 121 
 
 County Building. New 118 
 
 Dentist. J. M. Segur 119 
 
 Depot, Michigan Central 148 
 
 Depot, Union 192 
 
 Detroit Club 160 
 
 Detroit College of Law 137 
 
 Detroit College of Medicine 141 
 
 Detroit & Cleveland Nav. Co 151 
 
 Detroit River by Moonlight 150 
 
 Dry Goods, L. A. Smith & Co.. 165 
 
 Eby, J. F. & Co., Printers 145 
 
 Evacuation Day Tablet 168 
 
 Ferry Scene 186 
 
 Fire Dept. Headquarters 193 
 
 Fort Wayne 130 
 
 Grace Hospital 185 
 
 Grand Circus Park 131 
 
 Grand Trunk R. R 153 
 
 Grant's Old Home 155 
 
 Gutchess Business College 163 
 
 Harmonie Hall 138 
 
 Harper Hospital 142 
 
 Health Dept. Building 172 
 
 High School. Central 158 
 
 Hotel Oriental and Baths 127 
 
 Ice Cream Soda, Sanders 115 
 
 Insurance, Standard Life & Ac- 
 cident 117 
 
 Insurance, Michigan Mutual Life 
 
 Ins. Co 135 
 
 Jail. County 173 
 
 Jewelry, Optical Goods, Con- 
 nolly 121 
 
 Page. 
 
 Laundry. Parisian Steam 125 
 
 Lewis Phono-Metric Institute. . 176 
 (And face of map.) 
 
 Light Guard Armory 1 
 
 Log Cabin. Palmer Park l7o 
 
 Majestic Building 'Ji* 
 
 Masonic Temple 161 
 
 Memorial Gate 19*^ 
 
 Mettawas, The 272 
 
 Michigan Central R. R 149 
 
 Michigan Mutual Life Ins. Co.. 135 
 
 Monument, Soldiers' 113 
 
 Moonlight Scene, Detroit River. 150 
 
 Municipal Building 136 
 
 Oriental Hotel 126 
 
 Palmer Park Scenes 143,170 
 
 Parisian Steam Laundry H'o 
 
 Park, Grand Circus 131 
 
 Park, Capitol 162 
 
 Pavilion, Wayne 157 
 
 Pianos, Vaughan & Tanner 123 
 
 Police Headquarters 180 
 
 Post Office 152 
 
 Presbyterian Church, First ]o8 
 
 Preston National Bank 5 
 
 Printers, J. F. Eby & Co 145 
 
 Protestant Orphan Asylum 191 
 
 Public Library 122 
 
 Railroad Ticket Offices 271 
 
 Real Estate and Loans, E. C. 
 
 Van Husan face of map 
 
 Sanders' Ice Cream Palace 115 
 
 School of Law, Sprague Corre- 
 spondence 129 
 
 Segur, J. M., Dentist 119 
 
 Smith. L. A. & Co., Dry Goods. 165 
 Sprague' Correspondence School 
 
 ,of Law 129 
 
 St. Clair Flats Scenes. . .139, l71, 183 
 
 St. Luke's Hospital 159 
 
 Stammerers, Lewis School for.. 176 
 
 (And face of map.) 
 Standard Life & Accident Ins. Co... 117 
 
 Star Island 139 
 
 Summer Resort. Mettawas 2(2 
 
 Telephone Building 128 
 
 Ticket Offices and Depots 271 
 
 Union Trust Co 132, 13"^ 
 
 Van Husan, E. C, Real Estate 
 
 and Loans on face ,of mai 
 
 Vaughan & Tanner, Pianos and 
 
 Musical Instruments 123 
 
 Water Works 154 
 
 Wayne Pavilion 157 
 
 Wheelmen's Hall 144 
 
 Woodward Ave. Baptist Church. 166 
 Y. M. C. A. Building 124 
 
ij pmttmUatioimliiank 
 
 fTf 
 
 CAPITAL, $700,000 SURPLUS, $100,000 
 
 DIRECTORS: 
 
 W. H. Elliott, C. A. Black, James E. Davis, 
 
 Jerome Croul, Jno. Canfield. T. D. Standish, 
 
 H. K. White. A. E. F. White, F. W. Hayes, 
 
 A. L. Stephens, J. B. Book, W. R. Burt. 
 
 F. W. Hayes, President. 
 
 A. E. F. White, Vice-President. 
 I. B. Unger, Cashier. 
 
BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF THE CITY. 
 
 The best elevation from which to view the city and its sur- 
 roundings is the top of the Majestic Building, which faces the 
 public square known as the Campus Martins and is at the north- 
 west corner of Woodward and Michigan avenues. Take the ele- 
 vator on the Michigan avenue side to the fourteenth story. On 
 getting off a charge of 10 cents is made for the privilege of the 
 view. If you do not care to pay for this more extensive pros- 
 pect you can get a very fine view from the tower of the City 
 Hall. The elevator will carry you part way and easy stairs will 
 take you to the tower. 
 
 The top of the Chamber of Commerce, only a block away, at 
 the corner of Griswold and State streets, also affords an excel- 
 lent view. V' 
 
 From either elevation, the whole city, river and islands, 
 Ontario, and even Lake St. Clair, five miles away, lie before 
 you like a panorama. Suppose we ascend to the top of the 
 Majestic. 
 
 One of the first things that will attract your attention is the 
 unusual cleanliness of the streets and the great amount of foliage 
 that appears in all parts of the city. 
 
 You will note that opposite the city the river runs nearly in 
 an easterly and westerly direction, thus placing Detroit on the 
 north side of the river. Looking towards the 
 
 SOUTHEAST, 
 
 across the river on the right are the Canadian towns of Wind- 
 sor and farther east Walkerville. The large island at the head 
 of the river, connected by bridge with the mainland, is our beau- 
 tiful Belle Isle, and we boast that no other city has a people's 
 playground more charmingly located or more beautifully kept. 
 
 To the left of Belle Isle the tall towers of the Water Works 
 loom up and beyond are the blue waters of Lake St. Clair. (Be 
 
 6 
 
sure to go and see both Belle Isle and Water Works parks, and 
 on the way, via Jefferson avenue, stop at the Art Museum, on 
 the corner of Hastings street, where you can spend an hour or 
 more among rare paintings and curios.) 
 
 Shortening our range to a few blocks we see we are in the 
 midst of tall buildings and imposing piles, with here and there 
 little parks and green patches giving the necessary color to the 
 scene. Just beneath is the Soldiers' Monument. It was designed 
 by Randolph Rogers and erected in 1872 at a cost of $70,000. 
 The monument is designed as an offering to the memory of the 
 brave men from Michigan who perished in the war with the 
 South, and bears the following inscription: "Erected by the 
 people of Michigan, in honor of the martyrs who fell and the 
 heroes who fought in defense of liberty and union." The height 
 of the monument is sixty feet, its body is of Westerly, Rhode 
 Island, granite, and the statutes are of golden bronze, cast in 
 y^nich, Bavaria. 
 
 Beyond the monument is the plaza known as Cadillac Square 
 — the former site of the original City Hall and Market buildings. 
 At the further end, occupying an entire square, is the magnifi- 
 cent County Building, which is slowly nearing completion. The 
 corner-stone was laid October 20, 1897; the ground cost $550,000 
 and the completed building, with furnishings, will cogt not far 
 from $2,000,000. 
 
 To the right of the County Building and nearly in line with 
 it on the river front are the long low buildings of the Grand 
 Trunk or Brush Street Depot. From here and at other points 
 along the river you will probably see the long railway-ferries 
 crossing the river and carrying on double tracks from sixteen 
 to twenty freight cars. 
 
 On the left of the County Building there will readily be seen 
 the several large warehouses of the Ferry Seed Company, the 
 largest establishment of its kind in the world. 
 
 At the left of the Soldiers' Monument mentioned above is the 
 Detroit Opera House, erected in the summer and fall of 1898, on 
 the site of the former one burned in October, 1897. Its interior 
 
is pronounced to be the finest of any theater in the West. Just 
 around the corner is the new Wonderland building, comprising 
 a theater and dime museum. 
 
 Across Michigan avenue on the right is the City Hall with 
 its clock tower; it was erected at a cost of $600,000. The city took 
 formal possession of it on July 4th, 1871. The clock is the 
 largest in the United States and there is but one larger in the 
 world. Its dials are S^/^ feet in diameter. 
 
 Turning to the west 
 
 Lafayette avenue, long, straight, and running parallel with the 
 river, is seen. This was once the fashionable avenue "where 
 fine ladies in fine turnouts with fine horses came out for a day 
 of pleasure." On the left of this street and but a short distance 
 away is the Post-Oflfiice, built of stone and occupying the center 
 of a square. Two blocks farther on you will see the Masonic 
 Temple, a tall, square building of red brick, A little beyond, but 
 nearer the river, the brick tower of the Union Depot, on t^Ce 
 corner of Fort and Third streets, is seen, and still nearer the 
 river the tower of the Michigan Central Depot, at the foot of 
 Third street. 
 
 Some ways beyond, on the river front, are the buildings of 
 Fort Wayne, and just beyond these a portion of the old Exposi- 
 tion buildings, now occupied by a soda-ash manufacturing plant. 
 At Fort Wayne the river begins to bend south and the shore 
 opposite is known as Sandwich Point. 
 
 Following the bends of the river the city of Wyandotte will 
 be distinguished some ways down by the smoke from its factories. 
 
 Turning more to the right you see a long avenue lined with 
 shops and stores and with a distinct bend Some distance out — this 
 is Michigan avenue or the Chicago road, and terminates in Michi- 
 gan avenue in that city. 
 
 Still farther to the right we see Grand River avenue, run- 
 ning at an angle with the former as far as the eye can reach. 
 
 If we now go to the north 
 
 side of the building there will be seen almost beneath, the tall, 
 yellow building known as the Chamber of Commerce and, just 
 
 8 
 
beyond, the tiirreted roof of the Y. M. C. A. Building, at the 
 corner of Grand River avenue and Griswold street. 
 
 You can not fail to pick out Woodward avenue, extending 
 in nearly a north and south direction and far into the country. 
 The nearest of the many churches along this avenue is the Cen- 
 tral Methodist Episcopal, on Adams avenue; just this side of it 
 is seen the green foliage of Grand Circus Parks. 
 
 At the left of Woodward avenue, quite a distance out, you 
 see. the large and imposing Central High School. To the 
 
 EAST, 
 
 about the same distance out, but far to the right, Kolasinski's 
 Polish Church with its two white spires looms up. More to the 
 right, at an angle with Woodward avenue, Gratiot avenue is prom- 
 inent. 
 
 THE AVENUES AND BELLE ISLE. 
 
 WOODAVARD AVENUE. 
 
 With its foot in a river. 
 The pride of the land. 
 With its head in field and wood. 
 Wide spreading and grand, 
 With wards on each side 
 And lovely houses on view. 
 Both well-named and beautiful 
 Is our Woodward Avenue. 
 
 This is the main artery of the city and divides the corpora- 
 tion into two nearly equal portions. It is par excellence the 
 avenue of the city, with one terminus at the river's edge, and 
 the other reaching in a straight line for an indefinite distance 
 into the country. 
 
 Of an unusual width, and with an ever increasing number 
 of the most elegant stores and residences along its route, it is 
 
 9 
 
probably excelled by no other avenue on the continent. It 
 stands as a type of progressive American ideas and is eminently 
 modern and stylish. 
 
 A short walk up this avenue brings us to the Grand Circus 
 Parks, which are to Detroit what the Public Gardens are tc 
 Boston. From this point as you go northward you pass in rapid 
 succession on either side, but chiefly on the right, elegant 
 churches of almost all denominations. Those on the right, 
 named in order as you pass them, are the Central M. E. Church, 
 St. John's Episcopal. Baptist, Unitarian, First Presbyterian, and 
 at Forest avenue, the First Congregational. Those on the left 
 are Woodward Avenue Congregational at Sibley street, and 
 Westminster Presbyterian at Parsons street. The side streets 
 show row after row of elegant residences and on the upper por- 
 tion of the avenue itself large and costly mansions with attrac- 
 tive and wide-spreading lawns enhance its beauty. At Canfield 
 avenue, a little less than two miles out and just this side of 
 the grounds of the Detroit Athletic Club, will be seen the most 
 costly and durable private residence in the city. 
 
 GRAND RIVER AVENUE. 
 
 This avenue was the slowest to be built up of any of the 
 main thoroughfares, but in the last few years has been improv- 
 ing rapidly. 
 
 MICHIGAN AVENUE. 
 
 This avenue leads through the heart of the Celtic neighbor- 
 hood and many Hebrew citizens are also found on the line of 
 this thoroughfare. It forms part of the old territorial Chicago 
 road and extends to the "Windy City," a distance of nearly 300 
 miles, making it what would perhaps be called the longest ave- 
 nue in the world. 
 
 GRATIOT AVENUE. 
 
 This avenue leads through the more distinctly German and 
 Polish portions of the city and is the route naturally taken to 
 reach the House of Correction on Russell street, a few blocks 
 north of the avenue. A trolley line on this avenue goes clear 
 to the city of Mt. Clemens, a distance of 17 miles. About six 
 miles from the city limits is the Grotto of the Virgin Mary, 
 which is mentioned elsewhere. 
 
 10 
 
JEFFERSON AVENUE. 
 This is the oldest residence street in the city and upon it 
 are a large number of residences of the older wealthy families 
 and of late many new and elegant homes have been erected. It 
 is the main carriage and bicycle way to and from Belle Isle 
 Bridge, Water Works Park, and the aristocratic suburb of 
 Grosse Pointe. At Hastings street is located the Art Museum, 
 
 BELI.E ISLE. 
 
 This beautiful island of about seven hundred acres was called 
 by the Indians Mah-nah-be-zee, or the Swan. The French, from 
 its location at the entrance of Lake St. Clair, named it Isle St. 
 Clair, the Indian name for the lake being Otsiketa. 
 
 In early days the island was infested with rattlesnakes, and 
 partly to destroy them, and partly as a matter of convenience, 
 the English commissary department placed a drove of hogs on 
 the island, and they became so numerous that the French desig- 
 nated the island as Isle au Cochon, or Hog Island, and it retained 
 this name until July 4, 1845, when a picnic party christened it 
 Belle Isle, in honor of the ladies of the party. 
 
 Under both French and English rule it was treated as an 
 appendage to the Fort at Detroit, and during the American Rev- 
 olution, rebel prisoners were here employed in cutting wood. 
 Portions of the island were cultivated prior to the Pontiac Con- 
 spiracy, and during that conspiracy, on May 9, 1763, the Indians 
 massacred the family of James Fisher then living on the island. 
 
 The earliest individual title to the island dates from 1769. 
 when Lieutenant McDougall bought it of the Chippewa and 
 Ottawa Indians for eight barrels of rum, three rolls of tobacco, 
 six pounds of vermilion and a belt of wampum, its value being 
 estimated at $1,000. It was sold by the heirs of McDougall to 
 Wm. McComb, and confirmed to him by the United States in 
 1809. In 1817 it was sold by the McComb heirs to B. Campau 
 for $5,000, and in 1879, two hundred and ten years from the date 
 j of its first sale, it was sold by the heirs of Campau to the City 
 of Detroit for $200,000, two hundred times its first estimated 
 value. The purchase of the island as a Park was first suggested, 
 
 11 
 
and was successfully negotiated, by Levi L. Barbour, and he 
 richly deserves the thanks of all who enjoy its beauties. For- 
 tunately the city has had park commissioners, who by their 
 thoughtfulness, have greatly increased the original attractions 
 of the park. The first improvements were made under the 
 direction of the noted landscape artist, Frederick Law Olmstead, 
 and up to 1899 there has been spent upon the park, including 
 original cost, improvements and maintenance, upwards of 
 $1,849,000. The bridge to the main land was built in 1889 and 
 cost $315,000. 
 
 The island is indeed the priceless jewel in the crown of 
 Detroit; woods of green and waters of blue — art and nature — 
 moving waves and waving grass — stillness and activity — vistas 
 and broad views — beautiful flowers and lofty trees — the white 
 sails of numerous vessels, and the swift motions of great steam- 
 ers, all alike are combined in the captivating beauties of this 
 favored place. 
 
 You can walk or drive in deep solitude, or amid the full flow 
 of life and laughter; seats, swings, and grassy nooks and knolls 
 invite you, cool winds and sparkling waves refresh you, and at 
 almost every turn there are views and visions that would tempt 
 and test the brain and brush of the greatest artist. The electric 
 lights of the evening bring fancies of a fairy land, so weird and 
 full of witchery do all things seem. 
 
 There is water everywhere; you are surrounded by a sea of 
 silver bordered with blue; there is water for drinking, bathing, 
 rowing, sailing or wading, all free, pure, clean, rippling and 
 beautiful. The bath houses contain scores of bath rooms with 
 hundreds of bathing suits for both men and women, with lockers 
 for clothing and plenty of clean towels. A charge of ten cents 
 is made for a room, suit and towel. For suit with use of locker 
 only, the charge is five cents. The use of public room without 
 locker is free. The bathing hours are from 6 a. m. to 8 p. m., 
 except that on Sundays the hours are from 5 to 9 a. m. and from 
 3 to 8 p. m. In the season there is a daily average of nearly 
 seven hundred bathers. 
 
 13 
 
Electric launches run around the outside of the island, touch- 
 ing at various points. 
 
 The water in the canals and lakes is only from one and one- 
 half to two and one-half feet deep, so there is little danger. The 
 two boat houses have an almost unlimited supply of various 
 kinds of boats to let. For boats with cushions the charge is 
 fifteen cents for first hour and ten cents for each additional 
 hour. For boats without cushions the charge is ten cents per 
 hour for one or two hours, and five cents for each additional 
 hour. 
 
 In the winter time Pavilion Lake is kept free from snow for 
 the use of skaters and is used by thousands. 
 
 The Park Wagons carry passengers at frequent intervals to 
 or from the main land over the bridge for three cents. The 
 fare for a trip around the island by these wagons is ten cents 
 for adults or five cents for children. Pony carriages are rented 
 at twenty-five cents per half hour. 
 
 Among the attractive features are the deer, elk and fox 
 enclosures, and the menagerie. There are a number of elk, sev- 
 eral score of deer, and quite a variety of birds and animals. 
 The bear-pit is especially interesting for there are several cubs 
 and one Polar bear. Squirrels are numerous all over the island, 
 they peer at you from almost every tree, run here and there 
 before you, and in the summer time are almost as plentiful and 
 playful as the picnickers, and get many a meal from their sup- 
 plies. 
 
 Ball games and lawn tennis find many devotees, and numbers 
 of cyclers of both sexes are seen here and there on the smooth 
 and shady roads. 
 
 At the casino, or pavilion, various light refreshments are 
 sold at reasonable prices. In case of sudden storms the covered 
 ferry dock and various other buildings provide abundant shelter 
 in various localities for both people and teams. The island is 
 reached by ferry from foot of Woodward avenue and Third street 
 or via Jefferson avenue to the Bridge. 
 
 13 
 
1 
 
 RIVER AND TROLLEY RIDES, 
 
 RESTFUL RIVER RIDES. 
 
 The denizens of interior towns, the residents of other cities 
 and visitors so unfortunate as not to live in Detroit, little real- 
 ize the advantages of water communication such as we possess. 
 Water of crystal pureness, gorgeous sunsets disappearing there- 
 in, and an atmosphere that Italy cannot excel, are all here to 
 give delight and pleasure. The brightness of the spring and 
 summer, the clear and cooling air, blue waters and brilliant flags, 
 silver waves and still swift motions, all combine to tonic and 
 thrill fortunate pleasure-seekers who ride on the waters of the 
 Detroit. 
 
 The routes that may be taken are many and the rates reason- 
 able. For an hour, or for hours if you choose, you may "bid 
 dull care begone and dream the time away." 
 
 ROUTE NO. 1.— The "to and and fro gaily go" ferry ride— 
 from the foot of Woodward ave. to the Canadian town of Wind- 
 sor, costs only a dime for all day long if you stay on board. 
 Perhaps you will wish to get off and a block away at the top 
 of the hill you can take electric car for a mile ride to the sleepy 
 old town of Sandwich, farther down the river, and breathe air 
 of the same kind that is supplied to Queen Victoria, and live 
 for a time under her beneficent sway. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 2. — From foot of Woodward ave. elegant ferries 
 will take you to and from our largest park — Belle Isle. The fare 
 for the round trip is ten cents, or you can stay on board the boat 
 as long as you like. On the Island are flowers, foliage, fun, 
 frolic and feasting, with picnics galore and boating, bathing and 
 bicycling ad libitum. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 3. — A ferry trip from the foot of Woodward ave. 
 to Bois Blanc, an island about 16 miles down the river, where 
 there are many facilities for pleasuring, will acquaint you with 
 the river scenery. The boats run twice a day, 8:30 a. m. and 
 3 p. m. standard time. Round trip costs 35 cents in the morning, 25 
 cents in the afternoon, and takes five hours. 
 
 14 
 
ROUTE NO. 4.— Take the boat leaving the foot of First st. at 
 9:30 a. m. and 4 p. m. daily (city time) for a trip down to the 
 mouth of the river. Stops are made at the city of Wyandotte, 
 Amherstbiirg (Canadian side), Grosse Isle, Sugar Island and 
 Hickory Island. The 4 o'clock boat returns about 8:30 p. m., 
 giving time for supper on the boat. Fare for round trip leaving 
 in the morning is 35 cents; leaving in the afternoon, 25 cents. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 5. — From the foot of Griswold st. boats leave for 
 Port Huron, passing up the Detroit River, through Lake and 
 River St. Clair, the Government Ship Canal, and stopping at the 
 various club houses and pleasure resorts along shore, including 
 Star Island, at the Flats, and the "Oakland," an elegant hotel 
 just this side of the city of St. Clair. This is the choicest of all 
 the river routes and takes you through what is known as "Lit- 
 tle Venice," where scores of tasty cottages and attractive club 
 houses seem to spring up out of the water and lend variety to 
 the view. The sunsets seen advantageously at various points 
 along this route are unrivalled elsewhere. There is a morning 
 boat leaving at 8:30 a. m. (standard time), which returns at 8:30 
 p. m. The afternoon boat leaving at 2:30 p. m. (standard time), 
 is the more popular and passengers can stop off at the Star 
 Island House for supper, where one can spend an hour or more 
 and take the returning boat, arriving in the city at 8:30 p. m. 
 The afternoon boat returns at 11 a. m. next day. Fare for the 
 round trip to any point on the Flats, 50 cents; to Port Huron, one 
 way 75 cents, round trip $1.25. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 6. — Boats on this route go from foot of Randolph 
 street at 8:30 a. m. (city time), Fridays and Saturdays. They 
 cross Lake St. Clair, going up the River Thames to Chatham, 
 Ontario. The Thames is both narrow and crooked and there is 
 such variety in the views that the trip is a pleasing one. The 
 boat returns about 9 p. m. and the fare for the round trip is 50 
 cents. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 7. — A ride to the islands in Lake Erie — the scene 
 of Perry's Victory. The boat leaves the foot of First street 
 daily at 8:30 a. m., city time, and arrives at Put-in-Bay in time 
 for dinner and a stroll around the island. Be sure to see Perry's 
 Cave and the immense Victoria Hotel and perhaps you will like 
 to "shoot the shoots." The boat returns to the city about 8:30 
 p. m. Fare for round trip, $1.00, or if there is an excursion, 75 
 cents. 
 
 15 
 
TROLLEY TRIPS TO NEAR-BY CITIES, 
 
 For ready access to surrounding localities, villages and cities, 
 no other city has better facilities. Some of the routes along 
 lake and river, through old settlements and beside noble forests, 
 afford many an attractive scene. 
 
 Desirable trips are as follows: 
 
 ROUTE NO. 1. — By Rapid Railway to Mt. Clemens, out Gra- 
 tiot avenue, an almost continuous settlement for 17 miles. On 
 the way out at a distance of seven miles on the north side of 
 the road is the Grotto of The Virgin, an archway of stone, at 
 the end of a beautiful avenue of trees. At Mt. Clemens there are 
 a number of first-class hotels and extensive bath houses, the 
 mineral water being highly beneficial for many ailments. The 
 fare is 25 cents and cars pass the city hall every half hour. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 2. — The "Shore Line" also runs to Mt. Clemens, 
 via Jefferson avenue, and for most of the distance skirts Lake 
 St. Clair and passes various attractive points, including Belle 
 Isle bridge, Water Works Park, and the delightful suburb of 
 Grosse Pointe. The fare is 25 cents and cars pass the city hall 
 every 30 minutes. It is a good idea to take either of these routes 
 out and return on the other. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 3. — The Detroit & Pontiac line going out Wood- 
 ward avenue gives you a view of many of our very best resi- 
 dences. Six miles out a stop may be made at the Log Cabin and 
 Palmer Park, a most delightful place to spend a few hours for 
 those who like pure nature combined with quaint artificial im- 
 provements. Passing through highly cultivated fields you reach 
 Royal Oak, a neat little hamlet; next comes Birmingham, a large 
 village with pleasant and well-shaded streets, and then the old, 
 yet thriving city of Pontiac. One of the large state hospitals 
 for the insane is here located. Connecting lines will take you 
 to the nearby charming region of little lakes — notably Orchard 
 Lake, where the Michigan Military Academy is located, and Syl- 
 van Lake, a pleasant summer resort. Cars on this line pass the 
 city hall every half hour. Fare to Pontiac, 25 cents. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 4.— The Detroit, Ypsilanti and Ann Arbor line 
 runs out Michigan avenue 40 miles, passing at Dearborn the old 
 U. S. Arsenal and St. Joseph's Retreat for the Insane, and, be- 
 tween the villages of Inkster and Wayne, the large buildings of 
 the County Poor House. At the pleasant city of Ypsilanti, on the 
 Huron River is the State Normal School and at Ann Arbor, the 
 
 16 
 
terminus of the line, is located the University of Michigan, with 
 its Museum and other interesting buildings. The cars of this 
 line pass the city hall every half hour, the fare to Ann Arbor 
 being 50 cents. 
 
 At Wayne connection is made with a trolley line to the cities 
 of Plymouth and Northville. 
 
 ROUTE NO. 5.— The Wyandotte and Detroit River line, which 
 follows closely the line of the river, running within sight of it 
 a large portion of the way, affords one of the most attractive 
 trips. Cars go out Fort street west, passing the city hall, post- 
 office. Union depot, and near the city limits Port Wayne on the 
 left. Soon after you pass the Fort you begin to notice timber- 
 towers, which indicate the location of the wells from which is 
 obtained the brine used by large neighboring factories in making 
 soda ash and other by-products. The large buildings on the 
 left which appear to be exposition buildings were formerly such, 
 but are now devoted to manufacturing this article. This region 
 is the most famous in the world for saline products. After pass- 
 ing through the village of Delray and crossing the River Rouge 
 you go through country districts until you come to the thriving 
 city of Wyandotte and at the end of the route is the quiet village 
 of Trenton, near which from time immemorial there have been 
 extensive limestone quarries. Cars of this line pass the Fort 
 street side of the city hall every half hour. Round trip fare to 
 Trenton is 35 cents, to Wyandotte, 25 cents. 
 
 For further details see Suburban Lines, p. 108. 
 
 SPECIAL TROLLEY FIDES. 
 
 A special car can be chartered of the company, 12 Woodward 
 avenue, at the rate of $3 for the first hour and $2 per each suc- 
 ceeding hour for an ordinary car, or for an elegant car equipped 
 with buffet, easy chairs, etc., $5 for first hour and $3 for each 
 succeeding hour. These special cars accommodate 28 persons and 
 will take you over any route desired in the city, or out to Grosse 
 Pointe. 
 
 17 
 
11 DICTIOfUeY OF DETROIT 
 
 Copyright 1899, by Silas Farmer. 
 
 Ad V an tag^es. 
 
 Because of our location on the Detroit 
 river, our advantag-es are many and ex- 
 ceptional. 
 
 Aft ri cultural luipleiiieuts. 
 
 $1,500,000 worth are made here annually. 
 Air and Atniospliere. 
 
 The atmosphere is especially clear ow- 
 ing- to the large use of smoke consum- 
 ers and the burning- of natural g-as. Our 
 skies are as fair as those of Italy. 
 
 Aldermen. 
 
 There are two for each of the seventeen 
 wards; the salary is $600 per year. 
 
 Alleys. 
 
 The average width of alleys is twenty 
 feet, and almost every lot has an alley in 
 the rear. 
 
 Ambulances. 
 
 There are several always ready on call 
 by phone for the carrying- of the sick or 
 m.iured to home or hospital. 
 
 Grace Hospital (homeopathic), both 
 phones 61. 
 
 Harper Hospital (alopathic), both 
 phones 13. 
 
 Emergency Hospital, both 'phones 790 
 
 Boyd's Ambulance, both 'phones 877. 
 
 Amiiei-.stliurg-. 
 
 This quaint old Canadian town is about 
 16 miles down the Detroit river, and is 
 reached by boat from Detroit or rail 
 from Windsor. 
 
 18 
 
Ann Arbor. 
 
 This pleasant, cleanly city, only an 
 hour's ride by rail, or two hours by 
 trolley, from Detroit, contains the Uni- 
 versity of Michigan, and the museum, 
 library and grounds offer many attrac- 
 tions to visitors. 
 
 Apartments. 
 
 See Flats. 
 
 Arcliitecture. 
 
 A great variety exists and attractive 
 buildings are very numerous. The pub- 
 lic and government buildings are espe- 
 ciallv imposing. Be sure to see the 
 postofRce and new county building. 
 Residences, both tasty and magniticent, 
 beautify the principal avenues. 
 
 Area of City 
 
 Is nearly 281/0 square miles. 
 
 Armories. 
 
 The new Detroit Light Guard Armory is 
 located at the northwest corner of Larned 
 and Brush streets. 
 
 The Detroit Light Infantry Armory is 
 located at 46 Congress street East. 
 
 Art Museum, 
 
 On the corner of Jefferson avenue and 
 Hastings street, is free to all visitors on 
 Sundays and Mondays from 2 to 4 p. m., 
 and on all other days from 9 a. m. to 4 
 p. m. It has many rare and valuable 
 paintings with other works of art and 
 curios. Take Jefferson car line. 
 
 Assessetl Valuation of City in '98. 
 
 Real Estate $169,126,260 
 
 Personal^ Property 38,510,600 
 
 Total $207,636,860 
 
 Asylums. 
 
 See Orphan Asylums. 
 
 Athletic Clubs. 
 
 The Detroit, on Woodward, near Can- 
 field, has an extensive equipment. 
 
 19 
 
Auditorinni. 
 
 This is located on Larned street east, 
 two blocks from Woodward avenue. 
 
 Avenues. 
 
 The principal avenues are Jefferson and 
 Woodward, crossing each other at righc 
 angles, with Gratiot, Grand River and 
 Michigan, radiating from the center of 
 the city, like spokes from the hub of a 
 wheel. 
 
 Bag-ley Bust. 
 
 This is in front of the Detroit Opera 
 House and was erected at a cost of $l,50;j 
 by popular subscriptions. 
 
 Barley FountaJii, 
 
 At junction of Fort street and Woodward 
 avenue, cost $5,000, and was a bequest to 
 the city from ex-Governor John J. Bag- 
 ley. 
 
 Bands. 
 
 We have 15 musical organizations. 
 
 Banks and Bankers. 
 
 There are 23 National and State Banks 
 and Bankers as follows: 
 
 American Exchange National, 112 
 Griswold street. 
 
 Central Savings, 151 Griswold street. 
 
 Citizens' Savings, corner Griswold and 
 State streets. 
 
 City Savings, 147 Griswold street. 
 
 Commercial National, s. w. corner 
 Griswold and Larned streets. 
 
 Detroit National, s. w. corner Gris- 
 wold and Congress streets. 
 
 Detroit River Savings, 68 Griswold 
 street. 
 
 Detroit Savings, n. e. corner Griswold 
 and Larned streets. 
 
 Dime Savings, s. w. corner Griswold 
 and Michigan. 
 
 First National, 114 Griswold street. 
 
 German-American, east side of Cam- 
 pus Martins. 
 
 Harper's Bank, J. L. Harper & Co., 
 82 Griswold street. 
 
 Ives' Bank, A. Ives & Sons, n. w. 
 corner Jefferson avenue and Griswold 
 street. 
 
 McLellan & Anderson Savings, 145 
 Griswold street. 
 
 20 
 
Home Savings, n. e. corner Griswold 
 street and Michig-an avenue. 
 
 Mechanics', 84 Griswold street. 
 
 Michigan Savings, s. w. corner Gris- 
 wold and Lafayette avenue. 
 
 Peninsular Savings, 40 Fort street W. 
 
 Peoples' Savings, s. w. corner Gris- 
 wold and Fort streets. 
 
 Preston National, 117 Griswold street. 
 
 State Savings, s. e. corner Griswold 
 and Fort streets. 
 
 Union National, 143 Griswold street. 
 
 Wayne County Savings, 32 Congress 
 street W. 
 
 Bank: Capital. 
 
 The total bank capital of the city is 
 upwards of $10,000,000. 
 
 Bank Clearings. 
 
 Ours are larger than those of Cleve- 
 land, St. Paul or Milwaukee. The figures 
 are as follows: 
 
 In 1890 $300,648,010 
 
 In 1891 317,956,365 
 
 In 1892 364,180,629 
 
 In 1894 288,833,222 
 
 In 1896 .,.....--.'.... 300,036,008 
 
 In 1897 .:.'.....: 302,927,474 
 
 In 1898 346,806,348 
 
 Bar Liibi'ary. 
 
 Is located in the Hammond building. 
 
 Base Ball. 
 
 Lovers of this sport can see games on 
 Belle Isle almost any day in summer, and 
 also freciuently at the League grounds, 
 Bennett Park, corner of Trumbull and 
 Michigan avenues. Take Michigan or 
 Trumbull cars. 
 
 Batliing: at Belle Isle. 
 
 Accommodations are plenty, and suits, 
 soap and towels are provided free, with a 
 nominal charge of Ave cents for use ot 
 locker, or ten cents for use of dressing- 
 room. 
 
 Baths. 
 
 Turkish Baths may be had at Chiera's, 
 60 Farrar street, known also as the Ori- 
 ental Hotel. This is a fire-proof struc- 
 ture and the accommodations for bath- 
 ers are the best possible. There is no 
 other establishment of the kind in the 
 United States equal to it. 
 
 21 
 
Belle Isle 3IaiK 
 
 An elegant little map in three colors, 
 with descriptive matter and 17 beautiful 
 half-tone views, in cloth cover, can be 
 had for ten cents. Ask to see it. 
 
 Belle Isle Park. 
 
 This beautiful park contains about 700 
 acres, and has cost, including- the bridge 
 leading to it upwards of $1,849,000. It 
 possesses many attractions, and in sev- 
 eral particulars is unrivaled as a pleas- 
 ure resort. Beautiful lawns and flowers, 
 attractive walks and drives, facilities for 
 boating-, bathing and picnicking-, charm- 
 ing scenery, a herd of deer, a collection 
 of birds and animals, and opportunities 
 for rest and refreshment are among its 
 attractions. For full history and partic- 
 ulars see Belle Isle Illustrated. Price 
 ten cents. Take Jefferson cars to Belle 
 Isle Bridge or ferries from foot of 
 Woodward avenue. 
 
 Belt Line R. K. 
 
 This steam railroad extends all around 
 the city, with stations at various points. 
 
 Bennett Park 
 
 Is at the corner of Michigan and Trum- 
 bull avenues, and here the Leag-ue base 
 ball games are held. Take Michigan or 
 Trumbull cars. 
 
 Bicycle Riders. 
 
 There are over 40,000 in Detroit. 
 
 IMrniingliani. 
 
 A small town about 17 miles out 
 Woodward avenue on the line of the 
 Detroit & Pontiac Railway. 
 
 BisliopvS. 
 
 Methodist Episcopal — Rev. W. X. 
 Ninde, D. D.. 59 Ledyard street. 
 
 Protestant Episcopal— Rt. Rev. Thomas 
 F. Davies, D. D., LL. D., 665 Jefferson 
 avenue. 
 
 Roman Catholic — Rt. Rev. John S. 
 Foley, D. D., 31 Washington avenue. 
 
 Bloody Run. 
 
 This stream, scarcely visible now, ex- 
 cept in Elmwood Cemetery, takes its 
 name from the Pontiac massacre of 1763. 
 
 22 
 
Hoard iiig- Houses. 
 
 At the Y. M. C. A., corner of Grand 
 River and Griswold, will be found a list 
 of about 150 boarding- places that have 
 been visited and approved by its com- 
 mittee. 
 
 Board of Etlncation. 
 
 See Education. 
 
 Hoard of Estimates. 
 
 This board consists of two persons from 
 each ward and five elected from the city 
 at large. They decide on the amount of 
 taxes that may be raised yearly. 
 
 Board of Public Worlis 
 
 Composed of three persons, has charge 
 of all matters connected with cleaning 
 and paving of streets and alleys and the 
 building of works. 
 
 Board of Trade. 
 
 This is located in Chamber of Commerce 
 Building on the corner of Griswold and 
 State streets. 
 
 Boat CInl}s. 
 
 Several of these have tasty houses 
 along the river and on Belle Isle, and the 
 best of opportunities exist for boating. 
 
 Bois Blanc Park 
 
 Is on an island in the mouth of the De- 
 troit River, about 14 miles south of De- 
 troit. It has all the appointments of a 
 summer resort and is reached by boats 
 from the foot of Woodward avenue. 
 
 Bonds, City, 
 
 Command a premium of several per cent, 
 although drawing only 4 per cent interest. 
 
 Books, Stationery an»l Ne\^s 
 Depots. 
 
 Detroit News Co.. 86-90 Darned W. 
 Eaton & Mains, 269 Woodward. 
 Hudson's, corner Gratiot and Farmer. 
 Macaulev Bros.. 172 Woodward. 
 J. A. Roys Co., 17 Jefferson. 
 Richmond & Backus Co., 111-11''. Wood- 
 ward. 
 J. V. Sheehan & Co.. 146 Woodward. 
 G. J. Schwenck, 94 Gratiot. 
 
 23 
 
Boots and Shoes. 
 
 Their manufacture employs 1,500 per- 
 sons, and over $50,000 is paid them month- 
 ly. 
 
 Boulevard. 
 
 This is nearly twelve miles long, and 
 from 150' to 200 feet wide, extending all 
 around the city. 
 
 Boxes and Cases 
 
 Of wood and paper worth over $300,000 
 are produced annually. 
 
 Brick: Glay. 
 
 There is abundance of excellent clay in 
 our immediate vicinity. 
 
 Brick; Factories 
 
 p]mploy 750 men and produce one hun- 
 dred million brick annually. 
 
 Bridge to Belle Isle. 
 
 This is about one-half mile long, was 
 built in 1889, and cost $315,000. 
 
 Brush Street Depot. 
 
 All trains on Grand Trunk R. R., D., G. 
 H. & M. R. R., and L. S. & M. S. R. R. 
 arrive and depart from this depot, at 
 foot of Brush street. Reached by Third 
 cars. 
 
 Brusli Farm. 
 
 This embraces certain territory tw(> 
 blocks east of Woodward avenue. Tho 
 upper end of it is deemed especially de- 
 sirable for residences. 
 
 Building' Inspectors 
 
 Are authorized to order fire escapes and 
 safety guards, and to take preventative 
 measures. 
 
 Building: Material 
 
 Is cheaper than in almost any other city 
 in the U. S. 
 
 Buildings Erected. 
 
 Value in 1898, .$3,915,565. 
 
 Buildings, Nevr, 
 
 Erected in 1898, 1,625. 
 24 
 
Itiiildiiigs ami Material. 
 
 Building material of all kinds is read- 
 ily accessible, and therefore cheap. Over 
 a hundred million brick are made an- 
 nually, and building operations in the 
 city amount to an average of $5,000,000 
 to $6,000,000 yearly, the number of new 
 structures of various kinds annually 
 reaching a total of nearly 2,000. For 
 variety of style and general beauty and 
 number of residences in proportion to 
 the population, Detroit stands at the 
 head of all the cities in the United 
 States. The city is really remarkable 
 in this respect, and its large, well- 
 stocked and elegant stores are unex- 
 celled. 
 
 Its churches and charitable institu- 
 tions afford notable examples of the 
 wealth and philanthropy of the city, the 
 hospitals and asylums alone represent- 
 ing an expenditure of over $1,000,000. 
 
 Building- Stone 
 
 Is plentiful at places easily accessible. 
 
 Burial Caskets 
 
 Are produced in large quantities. 
 
 Burials. 
 
 The daily average of burials is 11, a 
 very low rate for a city of its size. 
 
 Busiiie.ss Buililin^'s. 
 
 See Office Buildings. 
 
 Bnsines.s Collej;e. 
 See Gutehess College. 
 
 Business Pointers. 
 
 In all kinds of merchandise and luanu- 
 factured articles Detroit affords the best 
 of opportunities to buyers. It has abun- 
 dance of capital, first-class transporta- 
 tion facilities, and in the manufacture of 
 many articles leads every other city in 
 the United States, both in amount and 
 quality. The value of our yearly output 
 of manufactured articles approximates 
 $100,000,000. We make immense quantities 
 of boots and shoes, boxes, burial caskets, 
 cars, cigars, clothing, capsules, drugs, 
 electrical apparatus, furs, furniture, fer- 
 tilizers, glass, harrows, matches, organs, 
 
 25 
 
pins, pearl buttons, emery wheels, safes, 
 salt, soda ash, soap and ships of all kinds. 
 Not far from 40,000 persons are employed 
 in factories. The banking capital of the 
 twenty National and State Banks is up- 
 wards of $10,000,000. We export about 
 $5,000,000 worth of goods annually. 
 
 Cab Fares. 
 
 See Hack Fares. 
 
 Cadillac 
 
 ANTOINE LAUMET DE LA MOTHE, 
 Founder of our fair city, was a soldier 
 and a scholar, a student and a sage. In- 
 terested in all colonial affairs, he left his 
 mark on the continent from Maine to 
 Mobile. At once both courageous and 
 considerate, his life and writings show 
 that he was the peer of Penn in ability 
 and of any of the Puritans in daring. 
 Equally at home on sea or land, he sailed 
 along the eastern coasts and traversed 
 the wildest regions of the continent, 
 crossing the sea again and again in fur- 
 therance of the several enterprises in 
 which he was engaged. Sententious and 
 sensible in his utterances, he often gave 
 a paragraph in a sentence, and unfolded 
 many a truth in the form of a proverb. 
 Possessed of large plans and loftv pur- 
 poses, all his words and doings exhibited 
 a prescience far in advance of that dis- 
 played by many of his contemporaries. 
 All honor, then, to his name, all honor to 
 the worthy founder of the Citv of the 
 Straits. 
 
 Cadillac Square 
 
 Runs east from the Campus Martins 
 to Randolph street. It was formerly oc- 
 cupied by the old city hall and market. 
 
 Cafes 
 
 Are to be found in connection with the 
 best hotels. 
 
 Canada, 
 
 Lying on the opposite side of Detroit 
 River, offers an opportunity to visitors 
 to tread on foreign soil. In the not dis- 
 tant future reciprocity treaties will, it is 
 hoped, greatly benefit this country and 
 our own. 
 
 26 
 
Canal (St. Clair Flats). 
 
 This notable Government work is about 
 two hours' ride north, at head of Lake 
 St. Clair. 
 
 Campus Martius. 
 
 This is a public square in the center of 
 the business portion of the city. It was 
 so nam^d in 1806, after the Campus Mar- 
 tius (military camp) in Rome, by Judge 
 
 Woodward. ^ , 
 
 Capitol. 
 
 Prior to its removal to Lansing in 1847, 
 Detroit was the State Capital. The Cap- 
 itol building was subseciuently used as a 
 High School until destroyed by hre. it 
 was located on what is now Capitol Park 
 at the junction of Griswold and State 
 
 streets. 
 
 Capsules 
 
 Made of gelatine are produced in enor- 
 mous quantities. 
 
 Cars. 
 
 The manufacture of, in Detroit, em- 
 plovs fi.OOO men, and the product is worth 
 nearlv $15,000,000 yearly. The pay roll is 
 $200,000 per month, and 80 cars can be pro- 
 duced daily. 
 
 Cass Farm. 
 
 The region thus designated is just west 
 of Woodward avenue, and the upper por- 
 tion has many fine residences. 
 
 Cass Park. 
 
 This is a pleasant park of Ave acres 
 bounded by Second, Ledyard and Bagg 
 streets. Take Fourteenth avenue car 
 
 line. 
 
 Cemeteries. 
 
 There are seven large ones in Detroit 
 and the immediate vicinity. See Wood- 
 mere, Elmwood, Mt. Elliott, Mt. Olivet. 
 Forest Lawn, Woodward Lawn, and 
 Lutheran. Maps of the three first named 
 with list of lot owners, can be had ot 
 Silas Farmer & Co., in cloth cover, for 
 one dollar each. 
 
 Census of City. 
 
 The per cent of increase in the popula- 
 tion of Detroit in several decades was as 
 follows: 1820-1830, 56 per cent; 1830-1840, 
 
 37 
 
310 per cent; 1840-1850, 131 per cent; 1850- 
 1860, 117 per cent; 1860-1870, 74 per cent; 
 1870-1880. 46 per cent; 1880-1890, 77 per cent. 
 In 1890 Detroit had 101,298 males and 104,578 
 females. Of these, 32,896 were between 5 
 and 20 years old; 44,796 were males of 
 militia age, and 55,476 of voting age. See 
 population and nativity of population. 
 
 Cliairs. 
 
 Of chairs, .$700,000 worth are produced 
 yearly, and over 400 men are employed in 
 their manufacture. 
 
 Cliamber of Coinniei'ce. 
 
 This has 340 members and meets in a 
 magnificent building on the corner of 
 Griswold and State streets. The Board of 
 Trade is located in this building, but is 
 distinct from the corporation owning the 
 building. The building itself was formal- 
 ly opened on May 2, 1895. It cost a little 
 over half a million, and the ground on 
 whicli it is located cost about $175,000. 
 
 Cliappell's. 
 
 A public resort on tlie Canadian side 
 just below Windsor, noted for its ex- 
 tremely palatable chicken and cream po- 
 tatoes. It is reached by electric cars 
 from Windsor. 
 
 Cliaractei'istics of City. 
 
 Detroit is especially noted for its broad 
 and cleanly streets, its wide and well- 
 kept walks, its numerous and thrifty 
 shade trees, its extensive and beautiful 
 lawns and gardens, the number and at- 
 tractiveness of its parks and public 
 squares, the varied and tasteful architect 
 ture of its residences, the stability of its 
 mercantile life, and the range and extent 
 of its manufacturing interests. 
 
 Cliarities. 
 
 Over $1,000,000 is invested in charitable 
 and philanthropic enterprises. 
 
 Cliatliani. 
 
 In the summer, steamboats leave foot 
 of Randolph street regularly for Chat- 
 ham by way of Lake St. Clair and the 
 River Thames. The round trip, including 
 : a brief stop, takes about twelve hours 
 and affords several featiires of interest. 
 
 38 
 
Children's Free Hospital. 
 
 This is located on the N. E. corner of 
 St. Antoine and Farnsworth streets. 
 
 Oil iltlr en's Public Lil>i'ai*y. 
 
 This is located on the g-round floor of 
 the Public Library and is open to all 
 children, who may select their books di- 
 rectly from the shelves and either read 
 them there or take them home. 
 
 Clinrclies, Location of. 
 
 There are about 160 in Detroit. The 
 leading churches of various denomina- 
 tions are as follows: 
 
 BAPTIST. 
 
 Woodward Avenue (seats 1,500)— Corner 
 
 - Woodward avenue and "Winder street. 
 Take Woodward cars. 
 
 First (seats 700)— Corner Cass avenue and 
 Bagg- street. Take Fourteenth avenue 
 cars or Third line south. 
 
 Grand River Avenue (seats 800)— Corner 
 Grand River and Thirteenth. Take 
 Jefferson cars west. „^ ■, 
 
 North Baptist (seats 350)— Corner Wood- 
 ward avenue and the Boulevard. Take 
 Woodward cars. ^ ^ 
 
 Eighteenth Street (seats 500) — Corner 
 Eighteenth and Porter streets. Take 
 Sherman cars west. 
 
 Clinton Avenue (seats 500)— Corner Clin- 
 ton and Jos. Campau avenues. Take 
 Sherman or Fort cars east to Jos. Cam- 
 pau. „^ , 
 Warren Avenue— Corner Warren and 
 Third. Take Third avenue line up 
 Greenwood. 
 
 CHRISTIAN. 
 
 Central (seats 550) -Corner Ledyard street 
 and Second avenue. Take Fourteenth 
 cars or Third line south. 
 Disciples of Christ (seats 300), corner 
 Fourth and Plum. Take Grand River 
 cars. 
 
 CONGREGATIONAL. 
 
 First (seats 1,000)— Corner Woodward and 
 
 Forest avenues. Take Woodward cars 
 
 or Belt Line up Hastings. 
 Woodward Avenue (seats 1,000)— Corner 
 
 Woodward and Sibley street. Take 
 
 Woodward cars. 
 
 29 
 
Brewster (seats 400)— Corner Warren and 
 
 Trumbull. Take Trumbull cars or Belt 
 
 Ijine up Fourteenth. 
 Mount Hope (seats 800) — Twenty-fifth 
 
 street, Just south of Michig-an avenue. 
 
 Take Michigan cars west. 
 People's Tabernacle (seats 2,000)— Corner 
 
 Trumbull avenue and Baker street. 
 
 Take Baker cars. 
 Fort Street— Corner Fort street west and 
 
 Summit. Take Fort street cars. 
 
 EPISCOPAL. 
 
 Christ Church (seats 900)— On the south 
 side of Jefferson avenue between Hast- 
 ing-s and Rivard streets. Take Jeffer- 
 son cars. 
 
 Grace Church (seats 1.200)— Corner Fort 
 and Second streets. Take Fort cars. 
 
 St. John's (seats 1,000)— Corner Woodward 
 avenue and Hig-h street. Take Wood- 
 ward cars. 
 
 St. Paul's— Corner Woodward and Han- 
 cock avenues. Take Woodward or 
 Fourteenth avenue Belt Line cars. 
 
 St. Peter's (seats 400)— Corner Trumbull 
 avenue and Church street. Take Michi- 
 g'an or Trumbull cars to corner Trum- 
 bull and Michig'an avenues. 
 
 Trinity Church (seats 400)— Corner Trvim- 
 bull and Myrtle, near Grand River. 
 Take Trumbull, Jefferson or Myrtle 
 cars. 
 
 GERMAN EVANGELICAL. 
 
 Messiah (seats 300)— Vinewood avenue, 
 just south of Michig-an avenue. Take 
 Michigan cars. 
 
 St. John's (seats 1,500)— Russell street, be- 
 tween Antietam and Chestnut streets. 
 Take Michig-an cars east to Russell st. 
 
 St. Paul's (seats 700)— Corner Seventeenth 
 and Rose streets. Take Michigan cars 
 west to Seventeenth street. 
 
 LUTHERAN GERMAN. 
 Trinity Church (seats 700)— Corner Gratiot 
 avenue and Rivard street. Take Michi- 
 g-an cars east to Rivard street. 
 
 METHODIST EPISCOPAL. 
 
 Central (seats 1,200)— Corner Woodward 
 and Adams avenues. Take Woodward 
 or Fourteenth cars to Adams avenue. 
 
 Simpson (seats 1,000)— Corner Grand River 
 avenue and Bag^g street. Take Jeffer- 
 son, Myrtle or Fourteenth cars. 
 
 30 
 
Cass Avenue (seats 700)— Corner Cass and 
 Selden avenues. Take Woodward ears 
 to Selden avenue. 
 
 Tabernacle (seats 500)— Corner Howard 
 and Fourth streets. Take Baker or 
 Sherman cars to Fourth street. 
 
 Woodward Avenue (seats 300) — Corner 
 Woodward and Harper avenues. Take 
 Woodward cars. 
 
 Tjincoln Avenue (seats 600)— Corner Lin- 
 coln and Putnam avenues. Take Trum- 
 bull cars to Putnam avenue. 
 
 Haven (seats 400)— Corner Sixteenth and 
 Bagg streets. Take Fourteenth avenue 
 cars to corner Fourteenth and Bagg 
 street. 
 
 Mary Palmer Memorial (seats 400)— Cor- 
 ner Champlain street and McDougall 
 avenue. Take Fort or Baker cars east 
 to McDougall avenue. 
 
 Preston (seats 400)— Corner Twenty-third 
 street and Lambie PI. Take Baker or 
 Sherman cars west to Twenty-third st. 
 
 First German (seats 500)— Corner Jos. 
 Campau avenue and Heidelburg street. 
 Take Michigan cars east to Jos. Cam- 
 pau avenue. 
 
 Baldwin Avenue— Corner Baldwin avenue 
 and Champlain. Take Fort street or 
 Jefferson avenue cars east. 
 
 Bethel African M. E.— Corner Napoleon 
 and Hastings. Take Belt Line up Hast- 
 ings. 
 
 PRESBYTERIAN. 
 
 First (seats 1,100)— Corner Woodward ave- 
 nue and Edmund PI. Take Woodward 
 OM.rs. 
 
 Westminster (seals 860)— Corner Wood- 
 ward avenue and Parsons street. Take 
 Woodward cars. 
 
 Jefferson Avenue (seats 1,100)— Corner 
 Jefferson avenue and Rivard street. 
 Take Jefferson cars. 
 
 Fort Street (seats 1,300)— Corner Fort and 
 Third streets. Take Fort cars. 
 
 Trumbull Avenue (seats 800) — Corner 
 Trumbull avenue and Brainard street. 
 Take Jefferson or Trumbull cars. 
 
 Central (Scotch; seats 1,200)— Corner Far- 
 mer and Bates streets, one block east 
 of Campus Martins. 
 
 Forest Avenue (seats 700)— Corner Forest 
 and Second avenues. Take Belt Line 
 up Hastings or Woodward cars to For- 
 est avenue W. 
 
 31 
 
Immanuel (seats 450)— Corner Porter 
 street and Boulevard. Take Sherman 
 cars west. 
 
 United Presbyterian (seats 750)— Corner 
 Grand River and Alexandrine avenues. 
 Take Jefferson cars going north. 
 
 Memorial (seats 500) — Corner Clinton 
 street and Jos. Campau avenue. Take 
 Sherman or Fort cars to Jos. Campau 
 avenue. 
 
 Calvary (seats 776) — Michigan avenue fac- 
 ing Maybury avenue. Take Michigan 
 avenue cars. 
 
 Church of Covenant (seats 1,200)— Corner 
 Russell and Napoleon. Take Belt Line 
 up Hastings. 
 
 Bethany— Corner Champlain and Seyburn. 
 Take Fort street or Jefferson avenue 
 cars east. 
 
 Second Avenue — Corner Second avenue 
 and Gillman. Take Grand River ave- 
 nue cars. 
 
 REFORMED. 
 
 Grace— Finley, near Joseph Campau. 
 Take Trumbull cars up Chene. 
 
 ROMAN CATHOLIC. 
 
 Cathedral of SS. Peter and Paul (seats 
 1,200)— Corner Adelaide and John R. 
 streets. Take Woodward or Brush cars 
 to Adelaide street. 
 
 Church of SS. Peter and Paul (seats 
 1,000)— Corner Jefferson and Antoine 
 street. Take Jefferson cars. 
 
 St. Aloysius (seats (728)— Washington 
 avenue, between State street and Grand 
 River avenue. A down-town church 
 and within walking distance of all car 
 lines. 
 
 Most Holy Trinity (seats 1,100)— Corner 
 Porter and Sixth streets. Take Baker 
 or Sherman cars west. 
 St. Albertus (Polish and Slavic, seats 
 2,400)— Corner Canfleld and St. Aubin 
 avenues. Take Cross-Town or Trumbull 
 cars up Chene to Canfleld avenue. 
 
 St. Anne's (French; seats 1,400 — Corner 
 Howard and Nineteenth. Take Sher- 
 man cars to Nineteenth street. 
 
 St. Joseph's (German; seats 1,500)— Corner 
 Orleans and Jay streets. Take Michi- 
 gan cars east to Orleans street. 
 
 UNITARIAN. 
 
 First Church (seats 800)— s. e. corner 
 Woodward avenue and Edmund PI. 
 Take Woodward cars. 
 
 32 
 
UNIVERSALIST. 
 
 Church of Our Father (seats 750)— Corner 
 Bagley avenue and Park street, on 
 Grand Circus Park. Take Jefferson 
 cars to Bagley avenue or Woodward 
 cars to Adams avenue. 
 
 HEBREW SYNAGOGUE. 
 
 Beth El Temple (seats 600) — Corner 
 Washington avenue and Clifford street. 
 
 Cliurcli Architecture. 
 
 The finest examples of church architec- 
 ture in the city are located on the east 
 side of Woodward avenue, all the leading 
 protestant denominations being there 
 represented. 
 
 Cliurcli Members. 
 
 In 1890 the total was 83,397, divided as 
 follows: Adventists, 20; Baptists, 3,078; 
 Roman Catholics, 45,795; Congregational- 
 ists, 1,268; Disciples, 750; Evangelical As- 
 sociation, 109; German Evangelical, 2,550; 
 Jewish, 2,700; Lutherans, 8,609; Metho- 
 dists, 4,696; Colored Methodists, 855; Pres- 
 byterians, 5,313; Protestant Episcopalians. 
 5.693; Reformed Episcopalians, 220; Uni- 
 tarians, 600; Universalists, 255. 
 
 Cliurcli Orgaiiixatious. 
 
 In 1S90 Detroit had a total of 152, of 
 which 1 was Adventist, 11 Baptist, 32 
 Roman Catholic, 6 Congregational, 2 Dis- 
 ciple, 1 Evangelical Association, 4 German 
 Evangelical, 4 Jewish, 16 Lutheran, 17 
 Methodist Episcopal, 4 Colored Metho- 
 dist, 15 Presbyterian. 21 Protestant Epis- 
 copal, 1 Reformed Episcopal, 1 Unitarian 
 1 Universalist. 
 
 Cliurcli Property, Value Of 
 
 In 1890. total value was $4,119,150, divid- 
 ed as follows: Baptists. $344,200; Roman 
 Catholic, $1,050,800; Congregational, $161,- 
 500; Disciples, $53,500; Evangelical Asso- 
 ciation, $6,000; German Evangelical, $119,- 
 000; Jewish, $107,000; Lutheran, $181,250; 
 Methodist Episcopal, $366,600; Colored 
 Methodists, $30,600; Presbyterian. $875,000; 
 Protestant Episcopal. $621,600; Reformed 
 Episcopal, $13,000; Unitarian, $80,000; Uni- 
 versalists, $75,000. 
 
 33 
 
Clmrcli Slttingrs. 
 
 Nearly 40 per cent of the population 
 could be accommodated at one time in 
 our churches. 
 
 Cliildren 
 
 Between 5 and 20 in city, 78,700. 
 
 The product of Detroit is about 75,000,- 
 000 yearly; worth nearly three million dol- 
 lars. 
 
 Ciroulatiiis" Library. 
 
 Andrews, now Chamberlain's, 339i/^ 
 Woodward avenue, keeps all the latest 
 books, which are loaned at ten cents each. 
 
 City and County Officers 
 
 Have their offices in the City Hall. As 
 soon as the new county building is com- 
 pleted the county officers will be found 
 there. 
 
 City Hall. 
 
 The building cost $600,000, and was first 
 occupied July 4, 1871. The canon in 
 front were captured at Perry's victory. 
 The clock is the largest in the United 
 States, and there is but one larger in the 
 world. The dials are 8^/^ feet in diameter. 
 
 City Maps. 
 
 The following are published by Silas 
 Parmer & Co. : Pocket Map in four col- 
 ors, size 28x30 inches, at 25 cents. Pocket 
 Map, with house numbers, size 33x40 
 inches, 50 cents; same mounted, $1.00. 
 Pocket Map, size 16x18 inches, 10 cents. 
 
 City of tlie Straits 
 
 Is our popular cognomen because located 
 on the strait or river, the word Detroit 
 being the French for strait. 
 
 City Seal. 
 
 The design of the city seal was adopted 
 March 26, 1827. It commemorates the fire 
 of 1805. The mottoes speramus meliora, 
 "We hope for better things," and resur- 
 get cineribus, "It has risen from the 
 ashes." are very significant as well as 
 truthful. 
 
 34 
 
City Taxes. 
 
 Are only a little over one and one-half 
 cents on the dollar, and real estate is 
 generally assessed at about half or two- 
 thirds of its value. Taxes are payable 
 July 1st, and if not paid by Aug. 1st in- 
 terest is charged at one per cent per 
 month. 
 
 Circnit and District Courts of U. S. 
 
 Meet in the new postofflce building. 
 
 Circnit Court of Wayne Co. 
 
 Meets in third story of City Hall. 
 
 Claris Park. 
 
 Is located between Scotten, Clark, How- 
 ard and Dix avenues, and comprises 23 
 acres. Take Sherman or Baker cars. 
 
 Clearing House. 
 
 See Bank Clearings. 
 
 Climate. 
 
 Our climate is mild and usually favora- 
 ble for all, and we are not subject tu 
 sudden extremes of heat or cold. 
 
 The records of the U. S. signal office 
 for the last quarter of a century show 
 that the normal temperature for the 
 months of May, June, July, August and 
 September has ranged from 57.5 to 71.6. 
 
 Clock 
 
 In the tower of City Hall Is largest in the 
 United States. 
 
 Clothing, 
 
 The manufacture of. employs over 2,000 
 persons, and they produce $3,000,000 worth 
 annually. 
 
 Clubs. 
 
 See Detroit Athletic, Detroit Boat, De- 
 troit Driving, Country, Fellowcraft, Mich- 
 igan and Detroit clubs. 
 
 Coal 
 
 Is within such easy reach that it is al- 
 ways to be had at reasonable prices. 
 
 Coast^vise Trade. 
 
 During 1898, 2,792 vessels entered and 
 2,946 cleared. See Port of Detroit. 
 
 35 
 
College, Midi., of 3Iecliciiie. 
 
 Is located on corner Michigan avenue 
 and Porter street. 
 
 College, Business. 
 
 See University and Gutchess College. 
 
 Oollege. Detroit, of La^v, 
 
 Is- located corner of St. Antoine and 
 Mullett streets. 
 
 College, Detroit, of Medicine, 
 
 Is located corner St. Antoine and Mul- 
 lett streets. 
 
 College, Detroit, 
 
 Is located on Jefferson avenue, near St. 
 Antoine street. 
 
 Common Council. 
 
 The regular meetings of the Board of 
 Aldermen, sitting as a Common Council, 
 are held on Tuesday evenings. 
 
 Concessions, Front and Rear. 
 
 These names are respectively applied 
 to the front and rear portions of the old 
 French farms. 
 
 Confectionery 
 
 Is manufactured to the value of about 
 $1,000,000 a year, and nearly 500 persons 
 are employed. 
 
 Conner's Creek. 
 
 This is the first stream east of Detroit. 
 It runs through the townships of Grosse 
 Pointe, Gratiot and Hamtramck. 
 
 Contracts, Land. 
 
 Large numbers of lots sold on contracts 
 are not recorded. 
 
 Convention City. 
 
 On account of its cleanliness, beauty, 
 and situation, Detroit is sought by all 
 national organizations as a meeting 
 place, and hence has been given the above 
 name. 
 
 Country Club. 
 
 This club house, with spacious grounds, 
 is located at Grosse Pointe, near the shore 
 of Lake St. Clair. Take Jefferson car 
 line. 
 
 3G 
 
Correction, House Of. 
 
 See House of Correction. 
 
 Comity TJiiildins' 
 
 Is located between Congress. Fort, Brush 
 and Randolph streets and faces Cadillac 
 Square. The corner-stone was laid Oct. 
 20, 1S97. The site cost $550,000; the build- 
 ing- has already cost $800,000, and with 
 furnishings will probably cost a million 
 more. 
 
 County Seat. 
 
 Detroit being the County Seat of Wayne 
 County, the several county offices are 
 here located. 
 
 Courts. 
 
 U. S. Courts are held in the new post- 
 office building; County Circuit Courts in 
 the City Hall, and at the corner of State 
 and Rowland streets; Police and Re- 
 corder's Court in the Court building, cor- 
 ner Clinton and Raynor streets; Justice 
 Courts on State street, just west of Row- 
 land street. 
 
 Credit of City. 
 
 This is not excelled by any other city. 
 Creniatoi'y. 
 
 This is located on north side of Fort 
 street near Springwells avenue, just this 
 side of Woodmere Cemetery. 
 
 Cu.stonis, Collector Of. 
 
 The chief ofl!ice is in the new postoffice 
 building. 
 
 Cycling'. 
 
 During the season wheels galore are 
 seen spinning along our well-paved ave- 
 nues and boulevards. We have 21 miles 
 of asphalt, 21 of brick, and 11 of maca- 
 dam. 
 
 Belle Isle is the wheelman's favorite 
 resort, where the smooth dirt roadways 
 wind along artificial lakes and canals 
 and pass through cool and silent woods. 
 The island is two miles long and half 
 a mile wide, and is reached by bridge 
 from Jefferson avenue or by ferry boat 
 from foot of Woodward avisnue. 
 
 If one only wishes to spend a few hours 
 on his wheel let him ride out Jefferson 
 
 37 
 
avenue to the bridge, or go up "Wood- 
 ward avenue to the Boulevard and then 
 east on the Boulevard, which terminates, 
 after turning south, at the bridge. Once 
 on Belle Isle he can choose his own road, 
 but by all means be sure to visit the 
 upper end and come back by the center 
 road through the woods. 
 
 Longer rides may be taken out Jeffer- 
 son avenue to Grosse Pointe and Lake 
 St. Clair, or out Gratiot avenue to the 
 bath town of Mt. Clemens (a 20 mile 
 ride), or out Woodward avenue to Pon- 
 tiac (a 25 mile ride), or out Michigan 
 avenue to Ypsilanti and Ann Arbor (a 40 
 mile ride), or one can cross the river to 
 the Canadian side and spin along a de- 
 lightful road down the river shore to the 
 old Canadian town of Amherstburg (a 
 15 mile ride). 
 
 Daily Noon Meeting-. 
 
 See Noon Meeting. 
 
 Deaconess Home, 
 
 Under control of the Methodist Episco- 
 pal Church, is located at 5.3 Elizabeth 
 street west, and has 10 to 15 nurse and 
 visiting deaconesses. 
 
 Death Rate 
 
 Is only about 16 to 1,000 yearly. 
 
 Debt of City. 
 
 On July 1. 1898, was $4,830,000; but the 
 sinking fund of $1,483,145 made actual 
 amount only $3,346,855. 
 
 Deeds 
 
 Recorded in 1890 10,449 
 
 Recorded in 1891 11,010 
 
 Recorded in 1892 12.584 
 
 Recorded in 1893 11,118 
 
 Recorded in 1896 8,696 
 
 Recorded in 1897 9.412 
 
 Recorded in 1898 8,938 
 
 Deeds, 
 
 Amount of consideration — 
 
 In 1890 $20,730,772 
 
 In 1891 20,648,885 
 
 In 1892 20,954,401 
 
 In 1893 24,410.296 
 
 In 1896 13,767,567 
 
 In 1897 14,516,220 
 
 In 1898 13,786,518 
 
 (38 
 
Delray, 
 
 A growing- village just west of the city, 
 contains a factory for the manufacture of 
 glass. 
 
 Departiiieiiit Stores. 
 
 Hudson's, on the corner of Gratiot and 
 Farmer streets; and Shafer's, on the cor- 
 ner of Woodward and Michigan, have 
 everything- in stock. 
 
 Depots. 
 
 D., G. H. & M., L. S. & M. S., and G. T., 
 foot of Brush street. 
 
 Michig-an Central. D. & B. C, and C, 
 H. & D., foot of Third street. 
 
 Union depot, cor. Fort and Third. 
 
 Canadian Pacific, cor. Fort and Third. 
 
 Flint & Pere Marquette, Fort and Third. 
 
 Wabash & St. Louis, Fort and Third. 
 
 Detroit & Lima Northern, Fort and 
 Third. 
 
 D., G. R. & W., Fort and Third. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 Romance and religion, ambition and 
 animosity, the disciples of Mars and the 
 devotees of merchandise, all alike had a 
 part m the plans which led to the found- 
 ing- of Detroit. Our earlier history is the 
 earlier history of France and is duplica- 
 ted in its old-time chronicles. Wit, wis- 
 dom, wantonness and war were all prom- 
 inent in the drama of our past. Founded 
 July 24, 1701, the city is nearly two hun- 
 dred years old. 
 
 When it chooses 
 
 Of the past it many 
 A tale doth tell. 
 
 Of the present 
 In many ways it says 
 
 In sturdy tones and strong- 
 With manner proud 
 
 And prosperous, 'Tis well 
 And here beside the broad 
 
 Blue river builded. I am 
 
 Queen City of the Lakes. 
 
 Detroit Athletic Club. 
 
 This is located on Woodward avenue 
 near Canfleld. Take Woodward avenue 
 cars. 
 
 Detroit Boat Club. 
 
 This flourishing- society has an attract- 
 ive house and complete outfit located on 
 the north shore of Belle Isle. 
 
 39 
 
Detroit CIuIj 
 
 Is located on N. E. corner of Fort and 
 Cass streets. 
 
 Detroit Di-iviiig Club. 
 
 The grounds of this club are located 
 just east of Conner's Creek, between Jef- 
 ferson avenue and the river. Reached by 
 Jefferson cars. 
 
 Detroit Opera House. 
 
 This is new and the finest in the west. 
 It was built in 1898 to take the place of 
 the one burned in October, 1897. It faces 
 the Campus Martins. 
 
 Detroit Yaclit Club 
 
 Has an elegant house on the north mar- 
 gin of Belle Isle. 
 
 Deposits 
 
 In Detroit Banks average over a million 
 dollars a day. 
 
 District Telegi-apb Co. 
 
 Is located on the S. E. corner Griswold 
 and Larned streets. 
 
 Drainag^e. 
 
 The general elevation of the city above 
 the river affords opportunity for superior 
 drainage, and the opportunity is fully 
 utilized. 
 
 Drinking Fountains 
 
 For both man and beast are located in 
 different parts of the city. 
 
 Di'ives. 
 
 The pleasantest drives are up Jefferson 
 avenue to Grosse Pointe; out Woodward 
 avenue to Palmer Park, around the Bou- 
 levard and over on Belle Isle. 
 
 Drugs. 
 
 We have the largest drug factory in the 
 world, and our output is the largest in 
 the U. S. 
 
 Duck-Sliooting. 
 
 The marsh at St. Clair Flats, about 20 
 miles north of Detroit, is noted for its 
 fine duck shooting, as is also the marsh 
 
 40 
 
at the mouth of the Detroit River. The 
 open season is from Sept. 1st to Jan. 1st 
 of the year following. 
 
 Dust. 
 
 The street sprinklers are always busy 
 in the summer and our main thorough- 
 fares are comparatively free from dust 
 that ;_..inoys and destroys in other cities. 
 
 Duties 
 
 Paid at Detroit amount to nearly $1,009,- 
 000 yearly. 
 
 E^dncation, Board Of 
 
 Is composed of 12 inspectors elected on a 
 general ticket. The offices are located 
 on Miami avenue, between Gratiot ave- 
 nue and Wilcox street. 
 
 Elections. 
 
 Both city and state elections are held 
 on the first Tuesday after the first Mon- 
 day of November. State elections are 
 held in those years ending with an even 
 figure, and city elections in years ending 
 with an odd figure. The so-called spring 
 elections are held on the first Monday 
 of April, at which time Judges of the 
 Supreme Court of the State and Regents 
 of the University are elected. 
 
 Election Bootlis 
 
 Made of sheet iron, octagonal in form, 
 about 18 feet in diameter, were first used 
 in the fall of 1893. They cost $211 each 
 and are set up on vacant lots or places 
 for each election. 
 
 Electric liight Towers. 
 
 As viewed from the river at night the 
 electric light towers make an attractive 
 display. There are 136 towers ranging 
 from 100 to 175 feet high with from four 
 to six lights each. 
 
 Electrical Factories. 
 
 Pay out over $30,000 monthly in wages, 
 and produce nearly a million and a half 
 dollars' worth of goods annually. 
 
 Electric liigrhts 
 
 For public and private lighting are com- 
 mon in all parts of the city. There are 
 
 41 
 
136 towers and 1,500 pole lights. The city- 
 owns its own plant, which is located on 
 Atwater near Bates street, and represents 
 an expenditure of $790,000. 
 
 Elevators, Passenger. 
 
 These are common in all modern stores 
 and business buildings. 
 
 Elevators, Wheat. 
 
 All the depots are provided with these 
 facilities. 
 
 Elmwood. 
 
 This cemetery, established in 1846, Is 
 located in the eastern part of the city 
 and contains 78 acres. Take Fort or 
 Jefferson avenue cars cast. 
 
 E'lnery Wheels. 
 
 These are made in greater numbers than 
 anywhere else. 
 
 Empire Theater 
 
 Is on Lafayette avenue near Griswold 
 street. 
 
 Employees. 
 
 There are about 40,000 persons employed 
 in our factories. The number in several 
 of the larger industries is as follows: 
 Cars, 6,000; stoves, 6,000; tobacco and 
 cigars, 4,000; boat building, 900; drugs, 
 1,600; boots and shoes, 1,500; clothing, 2,000; 
 furniture and chairs, 1,000; lumber and 
 house material, 2,000; paints and varnish- 
 es, 500; electrical works, 600; organs and 
 pianos. 500; capsules, 475; boxes, 500; con- 
 fectionery, 500; steam radiators, 800. 
 
 Emergency Hospital. 
 
 This is located at corner of Michigan 
 avenue and Porter street. 
 
 Evacuation Day Tablet. 
 
 This will be found at the Fort street 
 entrance of the postofRce building. It 
 bears the following inscription: "This tab- 
 let designates the site of an English fort 
 erected in 1778 by Major R. B. Lernoult 
 as a defense against the Americans. It 
 was subseuently called Fort Shelby, in 
 honor of Gov. Isaac Shelby, of Ken- 
 tucky, and was demolished in 1826, 
 
 43 
 
"The evacuation of this fort by the 
 British at 12 o'clock noon, July 11, 1796, 
 was the closing- act of the war of inde- 
 pendence. 
 
 "On that day the American flag was for 
 the first time raised over this soil, all of 
 what was then known as the Western 
 Territory becoming- at that time part of 
 the Federal Union." 
 
 I^xcnrs^ioiiists 
 
 By the hundreds from the several sur- 
 rounding- states are our guests almost 
 every day during the summer season, and 
 no other northern city has such attrac- 
 tions as Detroit has in its river and parks. 
 The report of the U. S. supervising in- 
 spector for the eighth district shows that 
 in 1895 more passengers arrived at and 
 left Detroit than at all other lake ports 
 combined. 
 
 Excursions. 
 
 See under names of Ann Arbor, Belle 
 Isle, Bois Blanc, Chatham, Georgian Bay, 
 Goderich, Grosse Isle, Mackinaw. Mai- 
 den, Mt. Clemens. Orchard Lake, Palmer 
 Park, Pontiac, Put-in-Bav, Sandwich. 
 Sault Ste. Marie. St. Clair Plats. Trenton, 
 Wyandotte, Ypsilanti, Mettawas. 
 
 Exports. 
 
 Value of, for 1898, was $12,794,953. 
 
 Express Offices. 
 
 The American, Great Northern, Adams 
 and Wells, Fargo & Co. offices are at the 
 corner of Campus Martins and Monroe. 
 The U. S., Pacific and Dominion at 104 
 Woodward avenue. The National, North- 
 ern Pacific, and Canadian at 34 Campus 
 Martins. 
 
 Factories, 
 
 See Manufactures. 
 
 Factory Sites, 
 
 With water frontage and rail connec- 
 tions are plentiful. 
 
 Families, 
 
 Number of, in the city in 1898, 55,315. 
 
 Farms. 
 
 Both sides of the Detroit River were 
 once lined with narrow French farms. 
 
 43 
 
Fellowcralt Club 
 
 Is located at the corner of Wilcox street 
 and Barclay Place. 
 
 Ferries 
 
 Leave and arrive every few minutes for 
 Windsor from foot of Woodward avenue, 
 and ferries for Belle Isle leave from and 
 arrive at foot of 24th street, 12th street, 
 Third street, Woodward avenue and Jos. 
 Campau avenue. 
 
 Fare to or from Windsor, five cents. 
 Fare to Belle Isle and back, ten cents. 
 See also Railroad Ferries. 
 
 Fertilizers 
 
 Are extensively produced by the Carbon 
 Works. 
 
 Fires 
 
 Are of comparatively rare occurrence, and 
 the yearly loss is relatively trifling. 
 
 Fire Alarms 
 
 Are given by means of nearly 400 signal 
 boxes in different parts of the city. 
 
 Fire Boat. 
 
 The fire boat Detroiter cost $44,815, 
 and was first used Nov. 23, 1893. It is 
 manned by twelve men, and can throw 
 fifteen streams, some of them four inches 
 in diameter. It has thrown water 400 feet. 
 The boat is stationed at foot of Fifth 
 street. 
 
 Fire Dei>artiiieiit. 
 
 This is one of the best in the U. S. 
 There are 24 steamers, 5 chemicals, 10 
 hook and ladder trucks, a fire boat and 
 a force of about 420 men. The headquar- 
 ters are at corner of Larned and Wayne 
 streets. 
 
 Fire Liimits 
 
 Protect the most prominent streets and 
 avenues from the erection of wooden 
 buildings. 
 
 Fire of 1805. 
 
 The fire of June 11, 1805. which burned 
 every house but one in Detroit, is com- 
 memorated in the design of our city seal. 
 The fire was very notable, in that out of 
 
 44 
 
it grew an entire new plan of tlie town, 
 with new streets and new names, a new 
 form of local government and other 
 chang-es that have affected every interest 
 of the city. 
 
 Fisli 
 
 In great variety are always to be found 
 in our markets. White fish, pickerel, bas;3 
 and perch, caug-ht in our own waters, are 
 especially abundant. 
 
 FisIi Hatcliery. 
 
 This is located on corner of Champlain 
 and Joseph Campau avenue, and in the 
 hatching season is an interesting- place to 
 visit. Take Fort cars east. 
 
 Fishing:. 
 
 The best bass fishing- in the country is 
 to be enjoyed on St. Clair Flats. There 
 is also good fishing- at the inland lakes 
 near Pontiac. See St. Clair Flats. 
 
 Flats. 
 
 Within the last few years a number of 
 dwellings known as apartments or flats 
 have been constructed, and are appar- 
 ently proving- desirable investments. 
 
 Albemarle — 1477 Grand River, corner Ivy 
 Place. 
 
 Alberta— 37-39 Alexandrine W^. 
 
 Alhambra — n. w. corner Bagg and Park 
 streets. 
 
 Avon — 331 Lafayette avenue. 
 
 Avon — 214 Montcalm E. 
 
 Balmoral— 895 Third avenue. 
 
 Blodgett Terrace — s. e. corner Jefferson 
 and Hastings. 
 
 Burnstine— Corner Woodward and Sibley. 
 
 Christa — 11 Seventeenth street. 
 
 Clayton— Southwest corner High and Clif- 
 ford streets. 
 
 Columbia— 13-15 Columbia W. 
 
 Clio— 618 Fourteenth avenue. 
 
 Coronado— Corner Second and Selden ave- 
 nues. 
 
 Custer— 1559-1563 Beaubion street. 
 
 Cynthia — 23 Parsons street. 
 
 Dakota — 295-7 Cass avenue. 
 
 Dudley— 554 Second avenue. 
 
 Effingham— Palmer avenue bet. Wood- 
 ward and John R. 
 
 Elmore— 142 Alexandrine avenue W. 
 
 Fontaine— 361-363 Lafayette avenue. 
 
 Frontenac— 626 Trumbull avenue. 
 
 4.5 
 
Grenada — Corner Second and Abbott 
 
 streets. 
 Hanley Apartments — Corner John R. and 
 
 Columbia. 
 Harvey Terrace— 1131-41 Third avenue. 
 Jefferson — 1055 Jefferson ave. 
 Kalamazoo— 92 Perry street. 
 Lincoln — 163-165 Lincoln avenue. 
 Lombard Terrace — Twelfth street, be- 
 tween Lysander and Forest avenue. 
 Lotus— 305-307 Merrick ave. 
 Louise— Second avenue, bet. High and 
 
 Henry. 
 Lucania— 602-604 Fourteenth ave. 
 Marlborough — 419-421 Second avenue. 
 Medbury Terrace— 174-186 Medbury ave. 
 Michigan— 578-586 Michigan avenue. 
 Milburn— 1499 Woodward avenue. 
 Natchez Terrace— 925-939 Antoine street. 
 Northwood — Cass avenue, bet. Davenport 
 
 and Parsons streets. 
 Olandro— 295 Cass avenue. 
 Oxford— 82-84 Adams avenue E. 
 Rexleigh— 697-703 Third avenue. 
 Savoy Apartments— 95-97 Joy street. 
 Schantz— Corner Clifford and Park PI. 
 Sevilla— 544 Second avenue. 
 Utopia— Corner Bagley and Clifford. 
 Varney — s. e. corner Park and Montcalm 
 
 streets. 
 Verona Apartments— Corner Cass and 
 
 Ferry avenues. 
 Winamac— 32-34 Winder. 
 Windermere— 111-113 Selden avenue. 
 
 Floral Gardening. 
 
 The park at the water works affords 
 the finest floral display in the city; many 
 of the designs being very unique and at- 
 tractive. 
 
 Florence Crittenden Home. 
 
 This is at 68 Miami avenue. 
 Floods. 
 
 We have none. Our river never over- 
 flows nor dries up. Residents along the 
 margins of other streams should make a 
 note of this fact. 
 
 Forest Lia'tvn Cemetery. 
 
 This is located in the township of Ham- 
 tramck about five miles from the city 
 hall. Reached by Grand Trunk R. R. 
 
 46 
 
Fort LernoTilt or Shelby 
 
 Was located on a site now partially oc- 
 cupied by the new postoffice, corner Fort 
 and Shelby streets. It was demolished in 
 1826. 
 
 Fort Maiden. 
 
 An old Canadian fort near Amherst- 
 burg. See Amherstburg. 
 
 Fort Wayne 
 
 Is on the river at the foot of Military 
 avenue. It contains 65 acres, cost $500,000 
 and is v/orth seeing. Take Fort cars 
 west. 
 
 Frencli Farms. 
 
 Outside of the old fort and city and 
 along the river all the land was laid out 
 into narrow farms. 
 
 Freights, Lalce. 
 
 Rates are advantageous from Detroit. 
 
 Freights, Rail. 
 
 Are as low as from other places. 
 
 Frontage on River. 
 
 The city has a frontage of eight miles 
 on the Detroit river. 
 
 Fruits. 
 
 Both home-grown and from other 
 places, are abundant and reasonable in 
 price. 
 
 Fur Manufacturing 
 
 Is a leading industry, and not more than 
 one or two cities in the U. S. make as 
 many furs. 
 
 Furniture 
 
 Of the value of $1,500,000 is produced 
 yearly. 
 
 Garbage 
 
 Is collected daily by teams with iron 
 boxes, by a corporation under contract 
 with the city. 
 
 Gas. 
 
 Coal gas for illuminating purposes Is 
 supplied at $1.00 per 1,000 feet. Natural 
 gas is supplied at 30c. per 1,000 feet. 
 
 47 
 
Geographical Position. 
 
 The position of Detroit is favorable for 
 constant growth. 
 
 Georgian Bay. 
 
 Steamboats leave Windsor, opposite De- 
 troit, regularly for Goderich Canada 
 Georgian Bay and Sault Ste. Marie, a 
 most delightful trip. 
 
 Glass 
 
 In immense quantities is now produced 
 here, and indications point to a large in- 
 crease in factories .and output. 
 
 Godericli. 
 
 In the sumnier, excursions are given 
 twice a week from Windsor to Goderich, 
 Canada. 
 
 Golf. 
 
 There are fine golf links in connection 
 with the Country Club. See Country 
 Club. 
 
 Gosi»el Carriage. 
 
 This is maintained by voluntary gifts 
 from those of various denominations who 
 are interested in evangelistic work. It is 
 manned with speakers and singers, and 
 with the wagon as a pulpit, services are 
 conducted almost daily in various parts 
 of the city, and especially on the Campus 
 Martins. It has undoubtedly been a 
 means of helping many. The carriage, 
 which is drawn by two horses, is a foui 
 wheeled vehicle with a canopy, and it is 
 lettered with scriptural mottoes. 
 
 Governor and Judges' Plan. 
 
 The plan of the city as laid out by them 
 after the fire of 1805 is so called. 
 
 Grace Hospital, 
 
 Is located on the corner of Willis avenue 
 and John R street. Take Woodward cars 
 to Willis avenue. 
 
 Grand Circus. 
 
 This consists of two semi-circular pnrks 
 each side of Woodward avenue, just 
 south of Adams avenue. 
 
 48 
 
Grand Trunk Depot. 
 
 The depot at foot of Brush street is so 
 designated. 
 
 Grant's Old Home. 
 
 The house occupied by General, then 
 T^ieutenant. Grant from 1849 to 1851 is still 
 standing-, and is known as No. 253 Fort 
 street east. 
 
 Greenfield. 
 
 This township adjoins Detroit on the 
 northwest. 
 
 GrisTToId Street. 
 
 This is the Wall street of Detroit, and 
 almost all of the banks, insurance and 
 lawyers' offices are here concentrated. 
 No better description of the street could 
 be given than this verse, written for a 
 street in another city more than sixty 
 years ago : 
 At the top of the street the attorneys 
 
 abound, 
 And down at the bottom the barges are 
 
 found. 
 Fly, Honesty, fly, to some safer retreat, 
 For there's craft in the river and craft 
 
 in the street. 
 
 Grosse Isle. 
 
 This, the largest island in the river, is 
 quite largely settled, and in summer time 
 is a favorite resort. It is reached either 
 is a favorite resort. Reached by boat 
 from foot of First street or M. C. H. R. 
 
 Grosse Pointe Farms Village. 
 
 This is the most aristocratic suburb of 
 Detroit. It is on the border of Lake St. 
 Clair and is accessible by boats and Jef- 
 ferson cars. 
 
 Grotto of the Virgin. 
 
 This curious structure is located near 
 the Roman Catholic Church of the As- 
 sumption, about seven miles from Detroit 
 on the Gratiot road. Its location is in- 
 dicated by the two streets named Grotto 
 and Loretto. The Grotto itself at the end 
 of a beautiful avenue of trees, is a mas- 
 sive archway with recess of stone, erected 
 at a cost of about $6,000. "in memory of 
 the aparition of Lourdes." It is an inter- 
 esting and suggestive structure. Take 
 Rapid Railway cars. 
 
 49 
 
Gntciliess College of Bnsiness. 
 
 This is located on s. w. corner of Grand 
 River and Griswold. 
 
 Hack Fares. 
 
 The regular rates are 50 cents per pas- 
 senger within the city limits, with no 
 charge for one or two children under 10 
 j^ears of age. 
 
 Halls, Pnlilie. 
 
 MANAGERS, CAPACITIES and 
 RENTALS. 
 
 Albrechfs— 602-606 Chene street; Wm. F. 
 Albrecht; seats 600; $20. 
 
 Arbeiter— Corner Russell and Catherine; 
 Henrv Mevfarth; seats 1,600; $50. 
 
 A. O. t^. W.— 213 AVoodward avenue. 
 
 Auditorium— Larned E. between Ran- 
 dolph and Brush; D. J. Briggs, 438 
 Fourteenth; seats 3,500; $100. 
 
 Bamlet— s. w. corner Grand River and 
 Rowland; Bamlet & Miller; seats 500; 
 $20. 
 
 Beecher's— 242 Jefferson avenue. 
 
 Brown's— 1484 AVoodward avenue; R. M. 
 Lamoreoux. 1468 Woodward avenue; 
 seats 600; $10. 
 
 Chamber of Commerce— Corner State and 
 Griswold; E. H. Doyle, secretary; seats 
 1,200. 
 
 Chaffee Hall— Corner Woodward and Wil- 
 lis; J. B. VVoolfenden; seats 400; $20. 
 
 ;U0SAVT310 ■ \\ \i -JQ IlUIBIH 96— S.UOSM-BIO 
 
 seats 500; .$12 to $20. 
 
 Concordia— 4 Catherine; Concordia Sing- 
 ing Society; seats 250. 
 
 Colombo— 235 Gratiot; Rudolph Grodde; 
 seats 300; $15. 
 
 Darbe's Grand— 726 Chene; Darbe & Co.; 
 seats 500; $20. 
 
 Detroit Opera House— Facing Campus 
 Martins; C. J. Whitney; seats 2,200. 
 
 Dickinson's— 416 Grand River; H. H. 
 Dickinson seats 600; $15. 
 
 Elks'— 213-217 Woodward avenue. 
 
 Empire Theater— Lafayette, near Gris- 
 wold: E. D. Stair; seats 1,600. 
 
 Fafeyta's— 996 Michigan avenue; B. J. 
 Fafeyta, 946 Michigan avenue; seats 
 600; $15. 
 
 Fellowcraft— Corner AA^ilcox and Barclay 
 Place; Fellowcraft Club; seats 750; $15. 
 
 German Salesmen's— 87 Monroe. 
 
 50 
 
Germania— Corner Russell and Mullett; 
 
 Montgomery Rifles; seats 1,000; $20. 
 Griesinger's— Russell, between Mullett 
 
 and Catherine; I. Goldia; seats 150; $10. 
 Plarmonia— Corner Leland and Russell; 
 
 Zynda Bros.; seats 500; $18. 
 Harmonie— Corner Wilcox and Center; 
 
 Morse Rohnert, McGraw building; seats 
 
 1,200. 
 Howlett's— 1302-1304 Grand River; A. E. 
 
 Howlett, 753 Maybury; seats 300; $8. 
 Light Guard Armory— Corner Larned and 
 
 Brush; Dr. W. M. Harvey, 6 High W. ; 
 
 main hall seats 5,000; $100; assembly 
 
 seats 1,000; $40. 
 Light Infantry Armory— 42 Congress E. ; 
 
 Geo. L. Winkler, Union Trust Bldg. ; 
 
 seats 1,600; $50. 
 Lyceum Theater — Corner Randolph and 
 
 Monroe; E. D. Stair; seats 2,000. 
 Masonic Temple— Corner Lafayette and 
 
 First; seats, drill hall, 1,300; auditorium, 
 
 750. 
 Mavbury— 902 Michigan avenue; Charles 
 
 Turner, 185 Warren E. ; seats 350; $10. 
 Merrill— n. e. corner Jefferson and Wood- 
 ward. 
 Milburn— 1493 Woodward; C. S. Vaughn, 22 
 
 Buhl block; seats 500. 
 Moreton's — 331 Michigan ave; R. Den- 
 man, 333 Michigan avenue; seats 400; $10. 
 Museum of Art — Corner Jefferson and 
 
 Russell; A. H. Grifl^ith; seats 550. 
 Oasis— 170-176 Myrtle street; G. W. Clark, 
 
 170 Myrtle; seats 350; $10. 
 Oddfellows' Temple— 214 Randolph; Jos. 
 
 Giefil, Warden, 110 Antoine; seats, up- 
 per hall, 500, lower hall, 400. 
 Perkins'— 759 Grand River avenue; Wm. 
 
 Perkins; seats 500; $15. 
 Philharmonic— n. w. corner Lafayette and 
 
 Shelby; C. F. Hammond, 1015 Hammond 
 
 Bldg.; seats 600. 
 Phoenix— Corner Woodward and Duffield; 
 
 J. W. Ehrman, Secretary; seats 350. 
 Prismatic— 140 First street; Mrs. E. C. 
 
 Skinner, 1.50 Bagg; seats 350. 
 Sampson's— 1354 Woodward; Dr. H. W. 
 
 Cory; seats 125; $5. 
 Schwankovsky's— n. e. corner Woodward 
 
 and John R; seats 500. 
 Star and Crescent— 193-195 Cass street; G. 
 
 W. Briggs,.139 Bates; seats 500; $3. 
 Strassburg's— 56-58 Adams avenue E. ; 
 
 seats 1,100; $6a 
 
 51 
 
Turner— Sherman between Russell and 
 
 Riopelle; Social Turners' Society; seats 
 
 1,000. 
 Wheelmans' — 53 Adams avenue E.; seats 
 
 600. 
 Whitney Opera House— 1G4 Griswold; E. 
 
 D. Stair; seats 1,800. 
 Y. M. C. A.— Corner Grand River and 
 
 Griswold; seats 750; $25. 
 
 Ha,inniou(l BuildiugT' 
 
 A 10-story office building on the corner 
 of Fort and Griswold streets, south of 
 City Hall. 
 
 Hanitrauick. 
 
 This township adjoins Detroit on the 
 north. 
 
 Hanitrainck: House. 
 
 The house of Col. Hamtramck, the first 
 American commandant of Detroit, until 
 recently stood on the river near the foot 
 of Van Dyke avenue. 
 
 Harbor. 
 
 Our harbor is always safe and practi- 
 cally unlimited in capacity. 
 
 Harbor Line. 
 
 A harbor line, beyond which wharves 
 must not be extended, was defined and 
 located by the government in 1892. 
 
 Hariiioiiie Society. 
 
 This flourishing German organization 
 has a fine new building and hall on the 
 corner of Centre and Wilcox streets. 
 
 Harper Hospital 
 
 Is located on John R street facing Martin 
 place. Take Woodward cars to Martin 
 Place. 
 
 Healtb Regalations. 
 
 These are few and sensible, and our 
 mortality reports show that they are well 
 enforced. The office is at Health build- 
 ing on St. Antoine near Clinton. 'Phone 
 2791. 
 
 Hickory Island. 
 
 Is in the Detroit River, 16 miles below 
 the city. Many camp here and others 
 have cottages. Reached by boat from 
 foot of First street. 
 
 52 
 
office "sky scrapers." We have several 
 buildings 10, 12, and 14 stories high and 
 there are more to follow. 
 
 Higli Scliool. 
 
 The Central High school, said to be 
 the larg-est in the United States, is 
 located between Hancock, Warren, Cass 
 and Second avenues. The Western Hig'h 
 school is on Scotten avenue, opposite 
 Clark park. 
 
 Hig^Iilaiicl Park Village. 
 
 This adjoins Detroit on the north, and 
 lies on both sides of Woodward avenue. 
 Take Woodward cars. 
 
 Historic Buildings. 
 
 See under head of Grant's Old Home, 
 and John Brown House. 
 
 SS. Peter and Paul R. C. church is 
 the oldest church building' now standing. 
 It was built in 1848. The oldest business 
 building is that on the s. w. corner of 
 Jefferson and Griswold streets. It was 
 built in 1836 of shell lime-stone. 
 
 History of Detroit. 
 
 This, the most complete local history 
 issued in the United States, contains over 
 (lUU illustrtitions and nearly 1,1U0 pages. 
 To know all about Detroit you must con- 
 sult this work. Published by Silas Far- 
 mer & Co., at $10, or two volumes, Tur- 
 key morocco, gilt edge, at $15. Ask to 
 see it, or send for circular. 
 
 Homes, Attractive 
 
 Are very numerous in all parts of De- 
 troit, and of greatly varied architecture. 
 Detroit is especially notable for the num- 
 ber of its dwellings in proportion to the 
 population. The census returns show 
 that 42 out of every 100 persons own 
 their own homes in Detroit. 
 
 Home for Aged I'oor. 
 
 This Catholic institution, in charge of 
 the Little Sisters of the Poor, is located 
 at the corner of Dequindre and Scott 
 streets. 
 
 58 
 
Home of Industry. 
 
 This institution for discharged crim- 
 inals gives them a home and employ- 
 ment. It is located at 259 Willis avenue 
 E. 
 
 Home of the Friendless. 
 
 This is located near the corner of Cass 
 and Warren avenues. 
 
 Hospitals. 
 
 See Children's, Emergency, Grace, Har- 
 per, Marine. St. Luke's, St. Mary's Wo- 
 man's, House of Providence (Lying-in 
 Hospital). 
 
 Hotels. 
 
 NAMES, LOCATION, CAPACITIES 
 AND RATES. 
 
 Cadillac— Corner Michigan and Washing- 
 ton avenues; capacity 800; $3.00-$5.00. 
 
 Russell House— Campus Martins, opposite 
 City Hall; capacity 800; $3.00-$5.00. 
 
 Ste. Claire— Randolph and Monroe ave- 
 nue, capacity 350; $2.50-$3.50. 
 
 Wayne— Foot of Third street, opp. M. C. 
 depot; capacity 500; $2.50-$3.50. 
 
 Oriental (European)— Farrar street, opp. 
 Public Library; capacity 100; $1.00-$1.50. 
 
 Normandie— 11-23 Congress street E. ; ca- 
 pacity 300; $2.00-33.00. 
 
 Griswold House— Corner Griswold and 
 Grand River; capacity 400; $2.00-$3.00. 
 
 Barclay— 22 Barclay PI.; capacity 150; 
 $2.00. 
 
 Metropole (European)— 126-130 Woodward 
 avenue; capacity 150; $1.00. 
 
 Library Park (European)— Farrar street, 
 opp. Public Library; capacity 150; 50c 
 and $1.00. 
 
 Perkins House— 100 Grand River avenue; 
 capacity 150; $1.50-$2.00. 
 
 Detroit Hotel— 14-18 Elizabeth street W. ; 
 capacity 125; $1.25-$1.50. 
 
 Franklin House— Corner Larned and 
 Bates streets; capacity 150; $1.50. 
 
 House of Correction 
 
 Is between Rusell and Riopelle on Alfred 
 street. It is open to visitors Tuesdays, 
 Wednesdays, Thursdays and Fridays. It 
 usually contains about 600 inmates who 
 are chiefly employed in chair making. It 
 IS well worthy of a visit. Take Four- 
 teenth line of cars up Hastings to Alfred 
 street. 
 
 54 
 
House Numbers. 
 
 The regulations provide one number for 
 every 20 feet, the numbers alternating 
 from one side of the street to the other. 
 On all streets running nearly north the 
 numbers begin at the end nearest the 
 river. On all streets running nearly east 
 and west the numbers start from the 
 end nearest Woodward avenue. 
 
 House of Provicleuee. 
 
 This is on the corner of Antoine and 
 Elizabeth streets. 
 
 Hurlbut Meuiorial Gate. 
 
 This imposing gate-way to Water 
 Works park was erected by the" AVater 
 Commission in memory of Chauncey 
 Hurlbut. a former water commissioner, 
 who left about $250,000 to be expended in 
 maintaining a library and improving the 
 grounds. See Water Works. 
 
 Ice 
 
 Of the best quality is readily obtained 
 and is reasonable in price. 
 
 Illumination. 
 
 See Electric Light Towers. 
 Imports. 
 
 There are many firms in Detroit who 
 import goods direct from the old world. 
 Total value of imports in 1898 was $2,046,- 
 923. 
 
 Improvements. 
 
 Detroit is noted for the attention given 
 to improving public and private property. 
 Improvements are always under way. 
 
 Incorporation of Detroit. 
 
 Detroit was first incorporated as a town 
 or village on January 18, 1802. It was first 
 named and given powers as the City of 
 Detroit by act of October 24, 1815. 
 
 Industrial School. 
 
 This is located on the corner of Wash- 
 ington and Grand River avenues. 
 
 55 
 
Insnrance. 
 
 Our wide streets, excellent fire depart- 
 ment, facilities for water, etc., ought to 
 and do give us reasonable insurance 
 rates. 
 
 Internal Revenue. 
 
 Tlie government taxes on tobacco man- 
 ufactured in Detroit, amounts to over one 
 and one-half million dollars yearly. 
 
 Islands in River. 
 
 There are seventeen islands in the river 
 named as follows: Peche. Belle. Grass, 
 Grassy, Turkey. Stoney. Grosse, Slocum's, 
 Elliott, Calf, Horse, Celeron. Hickory, 
 Sugar, Elba. Pox and Bois Blanc. They 
 range in size from a few acres to several 
 thousand. 
 
 Italians. 
 
 Judging by the frequency with which 
 we hear their street cries, our Italian 
 friends are not at all an insignificant 
 portion of our population. Their cry of 
 "Banan, nicey banan" is heard in every 
 part of the city and their two-wheeled, 
 flat-topped carts laden with the fruit are 
 pushed energetically into the way of 
 probable purchasers. Many with baskets 
 of lemons and oranges call from door to 
 door and the fruit trade and street corner 
 stands are almost monopolized by this 
 class of our citizens. 
 
 Jolin Brown House. 
 
 Prior to the Harper's Ferry raid, the 
 noted John Brown was in Detroit, and a 
 conference of leaders was held in the 
 house now known as 185 Congress street 
 east. 
 
 Jail. 
 
 This is on the corner of Clinton and 
 Beaubien streets. 
 
 Jefferson Avenue. 
 
 The greater part of this fine avenue 
 is lined by costly residences. A ride or 
 drive of eight miles east will bring you 
 to Grosse Pointe, the summer home of 
 many of Detroit's wealthy citizens. 
 
 56 
 
Junctions. 
 
 There are two well-known railroad 
 junctions within the city limits. The one 
 in the northeast portion is known as the 
 Milwaukee Junction, and designates the 
 junction of the Grand Trunk Railroad 
 "with the Detroit, Grand Haven & Mil- 
 waukee Railroad. The other is known 
 both as West Detroit and as Grand Trunk 
 Junction. It designates the junction of 
 the G. T. R. R., L. S. & M. S. R. R. and 
 M. C. R. R. See also Lake Shore Junc- 
 tion. 
 
 Justice Courts. 
 
 These are located on State street near 
 Rowland. 
 
 Lialtor 
 
 Finds favorable conditions at Detroit. 
 Lake Freights. 
 
 Advantageous rates are given from De- 
 troit. 
 
 Lake Shore Junction. 
 
 The junction of the D., G. H. & M. R. 
 R. with the L. S. & M. S. R. R. is so 
 designated. 
 
 Lalvos. 
 
 These are numerous about 25 miles out 
 Woodward avenue, in the vicinity of 
 Pontiac. Many summer cottages have 
 been built in this region. 
 
 See Orchard Lake and Sylvan Lake. 
 
 Lake Steamers 
 
 All stop here. 
 
 Lamhila iSigina. 
 
 This well-known high school fraternity 
 was here founded. 
 
 Land Board. 
 
 Under act of congress of 1842, the com- 
 mon council, as successor of the gov- 
 ernor and judges, has power to perfect 
 titles to lots originally controlled by the 
 governor and judges. 
 
 Latitude 
 
 From flag staff on city hall, the city lies 
 in latitude 42°, I'J' 50.28 " north. 
 
r 
 Letter Boxes. 
 
 There are about 850 in rhe ctiy. 
 
 Letter Carriers. 
 
 We have 159. 
 
 Leivis School for Stamiiiei'ers. 
 
 is located at 41 Adelaide street. This is 
 one of the largest and most successful 
 schools of its kind in the world and those 
 attending- it come from all parts of the 
 Union and Canada. 
 
 Library — Oirculatingr. 
 
 See Circulating Library. 
 
 Lig-Iit Houses. 
 
 There are five orv tho river. The ncyr- 
 est to Detroit is the <:>r\Q on 13elle Isle. 
 
 Liglitini^- City. 
 
 See Electric Lighting. 
 
 Lions of Detroit. 
 
 See Sights. 
 
 Little Venice. 
 
 This term is applied to the cottage set- 
 tlement just above the ship-canal at the 
 mouth of St. Clair river. The name is 
 exceedingly appropriate, for there are 
 numerous waterways and all communica- 
 tion in this locality is by water. 
 
 Living;, 
 
 Is cheaper and life more desirable than 
 in any other western city. 
 
 Log Cabin. 
 
 See Palmer Park. 
 
 Longritude. 
 
 Of Detroit. The flag staff on city hall is 
 83°, 2', 46.63" west of Greenwich, England. 
 
 Lost Parcels. 
 
 Enquire for them at Central police sta- 
 tion, or if lost on street cars, at the 
 office of the company, 12 Woodward 
 avenue. 
 
 58 
 
Lots. 
 
 The usual size of a city lot is 30x100, but 
 there are many which are 50x150, and even 
 larger. 
 
 Liumljer. 
 
 Both hardwood and pine, from our na- 
 tive forests is always plentiful and cor- 
 respondingly cheap. 
 
 Liutlieran Cemetery. 
 
 This is located in the city .iust east of 
 Mt. Elliott avenue, between Farnsworth 
 street and the Boulevard. Take Four- 
 teenth cars and transfer to Crosstown 
 line. 
 
 Liyceuni Theater. 
 
 This is on Randolph street, between 
 Monroe and Champlain streets. 
 
 Mackinac Island. 
 
 Steamboats for this celebrated resort at 
 the north end of Lake Huron, leave sev- 
 eral times a week during the summer sea- 
 son. Docks at foot of Wayne and First 
 streets. 
 
 Mails. 
 
 Over 50 mails arrive and are sent daily. 
 
 Main Streets. 
 
 See Griswold street and avenues. 
 
 Majestic Building'. 
 
 This 14-story office building faces the 
 Campus Martins— from its roof one sees 
 the city and surrounding country spread 
 out before him. At night the scene is 
 especially novel. 
 
 Manufacturing^ Capital. 
 
 In 1880 $15,594,000 
 
 In 1895 45,000,000 
 
 Manufacturing Center. 
 
 These are quite evenly distributed in all 
 parts of the city. The most noted locali- 
 ties are the River Rouge region. East 
 Fort street, along Atwater, Guoin, and 
 Wight streets, and east and west of 
 Woodward avenue along the railroads to 
 the junctions on either side and also along 
 and near the River road. 
 
 59 
 
IVIaniifacturjiig Employees. 
 
 In 1880 15,110 
 
 In 1890 78,178 
 
 Manafactures. 
 
 Leading articles are boots and shoes, 
 boxes, burial caskets, cars, cigars, cloth- 
 ing, capsules, drugs, electrical apparatus, 
 furs, furniture, fertilizers, glass, harrows, 
 matches, organs, pins, pearl buttons, 
 safes, salt, soda ash, soap and vessels. 
 
 Maiiufacturiiis Output. 
 
 Value in 1880 $30,000,000 
 
 in 1894 70,000,000 
 
 Marine Hospital. 
 
 This government institution for sick 
 sailors is located on corner of Jefferson 
 and Mt. Elliott avenues. 
 
 Ma.vli.ets. 
 
 Our markets are supplied with every- 
 thing in season and out of season, at 
 prices that all say are reasonable. The 
 eastern city market is located on Russell 
 street, between High and Winder, and 
 the western on Michigan avenue, between 
 Eighteenth and Humboldt. Take Mich- 
 igan cars east to eastern market. 
 
 Marriage Licenses. 
 
 Are required to be obtained from county 
 clerk (fee one dollar) before the cere- 
 mony is performed. Males and females 
 must be 18 before they can marry, except 
 that with the written consent of parents 
 or guardians girls may marry earlier. 
 The applicant for a license must give 
 under oath the following facts: Full 
 name of groom and bride, age of each at 
 last birthday, whether white, black, mu- 
 latto, or Indian, residence, birthplace, oc- 
 cupation, father's name, mother's maiden 
 name, number of times previously mar- 
 ried, and maiden name of bride, if a 
 widow. 
 
 3Iasonic Temple. 
 
 This is located on corner of Lafayette 
 avenue and First street. 
 
 Matclies 
 
 Are a leading article of manufacture, and 
 $300,000 worth are produced yearly. 
 
 60 
 
McGregor or Helpinii^ Hand Mis- 
 sion. 
 
 This is located on the northeast side 
 of Cadillac square, near Randolph street. 
 Its expenses are $14,000 per year. It cares 
 for 7,000 men per annum. It holds nightly 
 meetings with an average of 200 in at- 
 tendance. It provides 100.000 meals 
 yearly. 14,000 barrels of kindling wood 
 are cut and sold yearly. 
 
 MciSTveeney's. 
 
 A popular hotel and resort on Lake St. 
 Clair. It is on the line of the Detroit, 
 Lake Shore and Mt. Clemens Electric 
 Railway. 
 
 Medical Colleges. 
 
 See Colleges. 
 
 Meats. 
 
 Are plentiful, and those offered (for sale 
 are subject to Inspection, and quality is 
 thus assured. 
 
 Messenger Service. 
 
 Of American District Telegraph Co. is 
 located on corner of Griswold and Larned 
 streets. The rates are: For one mile, 
 10c. ; with answer, 15c. ; two miles, 15c. ; 
 with answer, 20c., or 30c. per hour. 
 
 Metliodist Boolt Store. 
 
 A branch of the Methodist Book Con- 
 cern is located at 269 Woodward avenue 
 and carries a full line of its publications. 
 
 Mettawas, Tlie 
 
 One of the most beautifvil summer re- 
 sorts in America, situated on north shore 
 of Lake Erie, thirty miles from Detroit. 
 No more delightful place to visit can be 
 found. Reached by ferry from foot of 
 Jos. Campau Ave. and D. & L. E. R. R. 
 See card on last page. 
 
 Micliigan Cliil*. 
 
 This well known republican organization 
 has quarters in the Chamber of Com- 
 merce building. 
 
 61 
 
MilTvankee Junction. 
 
 See Junctions. 
 
 Milk 
 
 Is inspected to insure its purity. 
 Mt. Clemens 
 
 The county seat of Macomb county, is 
 about 16 miles from Detroit, and is wide- 
 ly known because of its mineral springs 
 and baths, which are largely patronized. 
 The hotels are new and elegant. It is 
 reached by Grand Trunk trains, Rapid 
 Railway and Detroit, Lake Shore and 
 Mt. Clemens R. R., both trolley lines, 
 whose cars pass city hall every half 
 hour. 
 
 Mt. Elliott Cemetery. 
 
 Belonging to the Roman catholics, ex- 
 tends along west side of Mt. Elliott ave- 
 nue, north of Monroe avenue. Take Fort 
 or Sherman cars east. 
 
 Mt. Olivet Cemetery. 
 
 Also used by the Roman catholics, lies 
 in the township of Hamtramck, on G. T. 
 R. R. 
 
 Morals. 
 
 Of Detroit will compare very favorably 
 with any city of its size. 
 
 Monuments. 
 
 See Soldiers' Monument. 
 
 Moving- Vans 
 
 Are to be found on Grand River avenue, 
 near Second street. The legal rate is $2.50 
 per mile per load from the first story, 
 and 50 cents for each additional mile or 
 story above the first. The rate by the 
 hour is $1.50. 
 
 Municipal Matters. 
 
 In almost all that pertains to city af- 
 fairs progress is manifest. The city 
 owns all the property it uses, and keeps 
 its buildings in good condition. The 
 stranger will find no shabby schools or 
 oourt buildings, no ill-kept engine houses 
 and police stations. The total value of 
 the city property is upwards of twenty 
 million dollars. For purposes of taxation 
 
 63 
 
the real estate in the city Is valued at 
 about $170,000,000, and the personal prop- 
 erty at about $40,000,000. The rate of tax- 
 ation is about $16 per $1,000. The total 
 bonded city debt is $4,830,000, and the 
 sinking fund amounts to nearly $1,500,000. 
 
 We have over 500 policemen, 420 fire- 
 men, nearly 40 engine and hook and lad- 
 der companies, an electric lighting plant 
 running nearly 6,000 lights, and four im- 
 mense engines at the water works which 
 pump nearly 40,000,000 gallons daily, and 
 they could pump several times that 
 amount if necessary. What an amount 
 of care and ceaseless activity these facts 
 and figures represent! Surely we are 
 dependent on city officials for much of 
 the care and comfort that we enjoy. 
 The House of Correction, owned by the 
 city, is well worth a visit. Instead of 
 being an expense, it brings an average 
 revenue of $20,000 a year to the city. 
 
 Of public school buildings we have 65, 
 with nearly 800 teachers. Besides these 
 are numerous medical and business col- 
 leges; also parochial and private schools, 
 and taken in connection with our superb 
 high schools and public library, they af- 
 ford educational advantages which are 
 unexcelled. 
 
 Museum of Art. 
 
 See Art Museum. 
 
 Musical Advantases. 
 
 There are several musical conserva- 
 tories and academies of the highest 
 grade, with hundreds of students. 
 
 Nativity of Population. 
 
 In 1890 total foreign born was 81,709, of 
 whom 18,791 were born in Canada ana 
 New Foundland, 9 in Mexico, 1 in Cen- 
 tral America. 16 in South America, 51 in 
 Cuba and West Indies, 7,168 in England. 
 2,459 in Scotland, 84 in Wales, 7,447 in 
 Ireland, 35,481 in Germany, 658 in Austria. 
 327 in Holland, 411 in Belgium. 402 in 
 Switzerland, 77 in Norway, 196 in Sweden, 
 162 in Denmark. 669 in Russia, 112 in 
 Hungary, 513 in Bohemia, 5,351 in Poland. 
 804 in France. 338 in Italy. 13 in Spain, 5 
 in Portugal, 12 in Greece, 30 in Asia, 38 in 
 China. 4 in Japan, 8 in India, 4 in Africa. 
 2 in Atlantic islands, 39 in Australia, 4 
 in Pacific islands, 25 in Turkey, and 20 
 at sea. 
 
 63 
 
Natural Gas. 
 
 This was first introduced and used here 
 in 1S90. It was then piped from Ohio, but 
 is now brought from wells in Canada. 
 
 OVaval Reserves. 
 
 The ranks of this organization are 
 filled by Detroit's first young men. 
 
 Nevrsljoy's Association. 
 
 This benevolent organization, through 
 its superintendent, looks after about 900 
 newsboys who pay dues of five cents per 
 week. This gives them the privileges of 
 the reading room, the night schools, and 
 insures them if sick or hurt of doctors 
 and medicine, or if they are without a 
 home the association takes care of them. 
 It is supported by private individuals and 
 at their Sunday night meetings, where 
 they are entertained by lectures, music, 
 etc.. a charge of 10 cents is made to 
 the public. The rooms are at 110 Jeffer- 
 son avenue. 
 
 Ne-wspapers. 
 
 The leading English papers are the 
 Tribune. Free Press, Journal and News. 
 The principal German papers are the 
 Abend Post and the Volksblatt. 
 
 Noon Meetings. 
 
 At the Y. M. C. A., corner of Grand 
 River and Griswold streets, there is held 
 daily, from 12 to 12:30, a prayer, praise 
 and testimony service for men. It is 
 always helpful, lively and interesting and 
 strangers are very welcome. 
 
 North Detroit. 
 
 A little village formerly called Norris, 
 lies about three miles northeast of De- 
 troit. The Lutherans have an orphan 
 asylum here. 
 
 Take Grand Trunk trains from foot of 
 Brush street. 
 
 "Iforth^vest and Xorthlaiid." 
 
 These two passenger steamships, built 
 on ocean steamship lines, stop here 
 twice a week on the trip between Buf- 
 falo and Duluth. The swells from these 
 boats are enormous and it is great sport 
 to "take them" in a rowboat. 
 
 64 
 
Nurses. 
 
 These may be engaged from the hos- 
 pitals and a complete list of those in 
 the city will be found in the back of the 
 City Directory. 
 
 Oakland, Tlie. 
 
 A large and attractive summer hotel on 
 the banks of the St. Clair river, easily 
 reached from Detroit. Take boat from 
 foot of Griswold street. 
 
 Oak-vrood. 
 
 This village, west of and almost adjoin- 
 ing the city, is in the center of a rapidly 
 developing manufactviring region. 
 
 Oddfellows' Hall. 
 
 This is located on Randolph street fac- 
 ing Monroe avenue. 
 
 Otiiee Building's. 
 
 Atkinson— 5S-60 Congress W. 
 
 Bagley— s. e. corner Congress and Bates 
 
 streets. 
 Bamlet— s. w. corner Grand River and 
 
 Rowland. 
 Bank Chamber— 80 Griswold street. 
 Barbour Bldg— Corner Campus Martins 
 
 and Monroe. 
 Bennett— s. e. corner Grand River and 
 
 Griswold. 
 Bressler— 20-34 Lafayette avenue. 
 Brush— s. e. corner Monroe and Randolph 
 
 streets. 
 Buhl— 9l' Griswold. 
 Burns— 88-90 Griswold. 
 Butler— 82-84 Griswold. 
 Butterfield— 40-44 Larned W. 
 Campau— s. w. corner Griswold and 
 
 Larned. 
 Caskey Block— 80-88 Michigan avenue. 
 Chamber of Commerce— Corner State and 
 
 Griswold streets. 
 Cleland— 29-31 State street. 
 Cowie— s. w. corner Gratiot and Farrar. 
 Coyl Block— n. e. corner Woodward and 
 
 Campus Martins. 
 Cullen Brown Building— Corner Wood- 
 ward and Witherell. 
 "Free Press"— 11 Lafayette avenue. 
 Ferguson— 228-232 Woodward avenue. 
 Fisher Block— Corner Michigan avenue 
 and Lafayette. 
 
 65 
 
Fyfe— n. w. corner Woodward and Adams 
 avenues. , -, . 4. 
 
 Hall Block— 163 Griswold street. 
 
 Hammond— s. e. corner Griswold and Fort 
 streets 
 
 Hilsendegen Block— Monroe avenue, be- 
 tween Farrar and Randolph streets^. 
 
 Heineman Block— Corner Bates and Cad- 
 illac Square. a + o + ^ 
 
 Hodges— s. e. corner Griswold and btate. 
 
 Home Bank— Corner Michigan and Gris- 
 wold. 
 
 Jones— 242 Griswold street. 
 
 "Journal"— Corner Fort and Wayne 
 
 streets 
 Kanter— Corner Cadillac Square and 
 
 Campus Martins. 
 Leonard— IS John R. 
 Lewis Block-92-94 Griswokh 
 McGraw— s. w. corner Griswold and 
 
 T ni^ivette 
 Majestic— Corner Woodward and Michi- 
 
 mShII Block— n. e. corner Woodward 
 
 and Jefferson. 
 Miner— Cadillac Square and Congress. 
 Moffat— s. w. corner Griswold and i^ ort 
 
 streets 
 Municipal Court Building-Corner Clinton 
 
 and Raynor streets. 
 Newberry and McMillan— s. e. corner ot 
 
 Griswold and Larned. 
 "News-Tribune"— n. w. corner Larned 
 
 and Shelby streets. 
 Opera House Block— Campus Martius. 
 Peninsular Bank-36-40 Fort street W 
 Postofhce— Fort street, between Shelby 
 
 and Wayne. , 
 
 Schwankovsky— Corner Woodwaid and 
 
 John R. 
 Scripps Block— 25-33 Lafayette avenue. 
 Seitz Block-33-37 Congress street W. 
 Shurley— 32 Adams avenue W. 
 Telegraph Block— s. e. corner Griswold 
 
 and Congress streets. _ ^ 4. 4. 
 
 Telephone Building— Corner Clifford street 
 
 and Washington avenue. 
 Tolsma— s. w. corner State and Rowland 
 
 streets 
 Union Trust— n. e. corner Griswold and 
 
 Congress streets. 
 University Building-11-21 Wilcox street. 
 Utopia— 38-44 Bagley avenue. 
 Valpey Building— 213-217 Woodward ave- 
 
 Valpey Block— Corner Monroe and Far- 
 mer streets. 
 
 66 
 
Van Husan Block— 106 Miami avenue. 
 
 Walker Block— n. w. corner Fort and 
 Griswold. 
 
 Waterman Block— s. e. corner Woodward 
 and Larned street. 
 
 AVayne County Savings Bank— 32-34 Con- 
 gress street W. 
 
 Whitney Block— s. w. corner of Wood- 
 ward and Park street. 
 
 Whitney Opera House Block— 164-172 
 Griswold street. 
 
 Old Book Stores. 
 
 Charles Menot, 54 Grand River avenue. 
 The Wanless, 57 Grand River avenue. 
 
 Opera Houses. 
 
 See Detroit and Whitney's. 
 
 Oreliard Lake. 
 
 A beautiful place of resort, with a num- 
 ber of summer cottages, is but a five mile 
 drive from Pontiac. Take Detroit & Pon- 
 tiac trolley line. 
 
 Organs and Pianos 
 
 Are produced by hundreds annually. 
 Orphan Asylums. 
 
 The Protestant is located on Jefferson 
 avenue, facing Elmwood avenue, St. Vin- 
 cent's catholic asylum for girls, is on Mc- 
 Dougall, between Larned and Congress. 
 The Lutherans have an asylum at North 
 Detroit. The German Protestant Homo 
 for Orphans and Old People is at 248 Har- 
 vey avenue. 
 
 Paints and Varnisli. 
 
 The annual product of our factories is 
 worth over $5,000,000. 
 
 Palmer Park. 
 
 This delightful suburban retreat of 120 
 acres, is located on Woodward avenue, 
 about seven miles from the city hall. One 
 of its most attractive features is the log 
 cabin with its old-fashioned furniture, an 
 artificial lake is near by. and five min- 
 utes' walk, by winding paths, through a 
 delightful native forest, will bring you 
 into solitude and silence that is restful 
 in the highest degree. Take Woodward 
 avenue cars marked Log Cabin. 
 
 67 
 
Pai'acles. 
 
 No city in the country affords better 
 facilities for parades. Wide avenues with 
 room for a front of twenty on either side 
 of Se car tracks, smooth asphalt road- 
 wnv? imon which to march and man- 
 Tuver w th h^re and there shady places 
 tS shield from the sun, and exceptionally 
 b?oad and smooth sidewalks and other 
 nlares of vantage from which to view a 
 parade leave nSthing to be desired for 
 purposes of this kind. 
 Parks. 
 
 Works and Clark parks. 
 
 Park Lots. 
 
 These were laid out in 1809, and original- 
 ly coSisTed of 88 lots of from 5 to 10 
 acres each lying on each side of Wooa 
 waid l?enue, north of Adams avenue. 
 
 Pavilion. 
 
 See Wayne Pavilion. 
 
 Paving. 
 
 The streets are generally paved with 
 wood brick, stone and asphalt and are 
 iTbetter condition than is usual m cities 
 o? the size. Jan. 1st, 1899 there was a 
 ?otal of' 270 miles of Pfved street o 
 which 21 miles were asphalt, 21 bricK, ii 
 Sa(?adarn 208 cedar and the remainder 
 
 stone. Pearl Bnttons 
 
 Are produced here in immense quantities. 
 Peddler's Licenses. 
 
 The annual license fee for Peddling on 
 foot is $5; from hand-cart|, $25 and 
 <5tnnds in public streets, $5. For peaanng 
 Irom a vehicle drawn by one horse $25 
 draw bv two or more horses, $50. :^rac 
 ?Sii^ of a year in proportion. Vehicles 
 iinst be kept in motion except when 
 SSing sails, and horns and bells are 
 not allowed. 
 
 People and Cliaracteristics. 
 Although founded July 24, 1701, by the 
 TT^Pnch the city was largely colonized 
 ^Iv\7^n the century by eastern families, 
 
 68 
 
and they have given tone to its social and 
 municipal life. The passing- years have 
 brought numbers of Germans, Poles ancf 
 Italians, but they are being gradually 
 Americanized, and the so-called foreign 
 element does not dominate as in other 
 cities of the same size. 
 
 Philharnioiiie Hall. 
 
 This hall, in which high-class concerts 
 are often held, is located on the corner 
 of Lafayette avenue and Shelby street 
 Many social events also take place there. 
 
 'Phones. 
 
 See Telephones. 
 
 Picnic Places. 
 
 Belle Isle, the Water Works park. Su- 
 gar island down the river, and Tashmoo 
 Park, in the St. Clair River, all afford 
 the best facilities for picnic parties. 
 
 Piety Hill. 
 
 This is the name given to the upper 
 portion of the section bounded by Wood- 
 ward and Third avenues. 
 
 Pingree Potato Patches. 
 
 During the recent hard times when Gov 
 Pingree was mayor of Detroit, he insti- 
 tuted a means of giving relief to the 
 worthy poor. Various patches of land 
 m the city were loaned by individuals 
 and are plowed by the city and then 
 turned over to those out of work to cul- 
 tivate and raise food for themselves 
 One-quarter of an acre of plowed land 
 IS turned over to each approved family 
 who must furnish their own implements 
 and seed, except in special cases, where 
 .onf fS^^ ^^ furnished by the city. In 
 1898 there were 244 acres planted bv 958 
 families; 11,773 bushels of potatoes were 
 raised at an expense to the city of $892.92 
 ihe mayor appoints a special committee 
 or commission, but the work is looked 
 alter by employees of the poor commis- 
 sion. 
 
 Pins 
 
 Are produced in great quantities in one 
 of the largest of factories. 
 
 09 
 
Plan of City. 
 
 The original plan of the city as made 
 in 1806, was copied from the plan of Wash- 
 ington, the national capital. 
 
 Poles. 
 
 The people of this nationality, because 
 of their peculiar traits and their num- 
 bers, have of late years been much in 
 evidence in this city. Their difficulties 
 with one of their pastors, and his diffi- 
 culties with the bishop of the diocese, 
 have been the occasion of many disturb- 
 ances. Now, happily, peace seems to 
 prevail. In connection with their habits 
 of life one can but notice the vigor and 
 energy with which scores of women and 
 children will attack the debris of a dis- 
 mantled building and carry away the 
 wood for fuel. Sometimes scores of 
 hand-carts in procession are pushed 
 through the main avenues by these ener- 
 getic toilers. 
 
 Police Court. 
 
 This is located on Clinton near St. An- 
 toine street. 
 
 Police Department. 
 
 This has one central building, corner of 
 Farmer and Bates streets, and 10 sta- 
 tions, and a total force of nearly 500 men. 
 
 Poor House. 
 
 The county poor farm, with its various 
 buildings, including an insane asylum, is 
 located about 12 miles from Detroit on 
 the M. C. R. R. Take Detroit, Ypsilanti 
 & Ann Arbor trolley line. 
 
 Population of City. 
 
 1810 ,2? 
 
 1820 1.442 
 
 1830 2,222 
 
 1840 9.192 
 
 1850 21,019 
 
 1860 45,619 
 
 1870 '^9.577 
 
 1880 116,342 
 
 1890 205,876 
 
 1894 237,837 
 
 See nativity of population. 
 
 70 
 
Pontiac. 
 
 An hour's ride on the electric line out 
 Woodward avenue or the D., G. H. & M. 
 Railway will bring- you to this, the county 
 seat of Oakland county. The Eastern 
 Michigan Asylum for the Insane is near 
 the city, and a drive of five miles will 
 bring you to Orchard lake and the Michi- 
 gan Military academy. 
 
 Fontiac's Gate. 
 
 The gate through which Chief Pontiac 
 entered Detroit in the conspiracy of 1763, 
 was located near the southwest corner 
 of Jefferson avenue and Griswold street. 
 
 Pontiac Tree. 
 
 This is said to have been standing- at 
 the time of the Pontiac conspiracy In 
 1763; only the stump remains. It is near 
 the present site of the Michigan Stove 
 Works on Jefferson avenue, just above 
 Adair street. 
 
 Port of Detroit. 
 
 This is the third in the whole country 
 in number of arrivals and clearances of 
 vessels. 33,290 vessels with a gross ton- 
 nage of 35,000.000 passed through Detroit 
 River during- 1896. 
 
 Postoffice. 
 
 This is located on Fort street west, be- 
 tween Shelby and Wayne streets. The 
 building- cost about $1,000,000. There are 
 also Ave sub-stations. 
 
 A at s. e. corner of Woodward and 
 Willis avenues. 
 
 B at 834 Michigan avenue. 
 
 C at 1212 Jefferson avenue. 
 
 D at 681 Gratiot avenue. 
 
 E, marine station, at foot of Bates 
 street. 
 
 Postoffice Receipts. 
 
 For 1898 were $664,612.81, or about $1,800 
 per day. 
 
 Potato Patclies. 
 
 See Pingree Potato Patches. 
 
 Prayer Meetings. 
 
 The regular weekly prayer meetings in 
 all the evangelical churches are held on 
 Wednesday evening. 
 
 71 
 
Private Claims. 
 
 The old French farms are so designated. 
 
 Public liibrary. 
 
 This building, erected in 1876, contains 
 over 148,000 volumes, and is located on 
 the corner of Gratiot and Farmer streets. 
 There is a free reading room for adults, 
 one for boys and girls and an exception- 
 ally convenient reference reading room. 
 The library is free to anyone for consul- 
 tation and any resident over 15 years of 
 age may draw books by getting some 
 real estate owner to sign as surety. 
 
 There is in connection also a library for 
 the blind, embracing a varied assortment 
 of books of standard literary merit. 
 
 Public Lii^litiii^ Plant. 
 
 This is located on the river front, just 
 east of Bates street. 
 
 Put-in-Bay. 
 
 Is about five hours' ride from Detroit, 
 in the western portion of Lake Erie. 
 Here are a number of picturesque islands, 
 with abundant opportunities for fishing 
 and boating. On Put-in-Bay and other 
 islands there are good hotels and a vari- 
 ety of amusements are provided. In sea- 
 son grapes are especially abundant and 
 cheap. Perry's Cave, a natural curiosity, 
 is well worth a visit and is easily reached. 
 Take boat from foot of First street. 
 
 Railroads. 
 
 See Depots. 
 
 Railroad Ferries. 
 
 There being no railroad bridge over the 
 Detroit river, all through passenger or 
 freight cars are transferred over the river 
 on enormous ferry boats, carrying from 
 16 to 20 cars each. During 1898 the aver- 
 age number of cars crossing the river 
 daily was 1,547. 
 
 Railroad Junctions. 
 
 See Junctions. 
 
 Railroad Freigrlit Charges. 
 
 Are favorable to and from Detroit. 
 
 73 
 
Rapid Railiray. 
 
 The cars of this electric line to Mt. 
 Clemens and Marine City via Gratiot 
 road, pass the city hall every half hour. 
 
 Rapid Transit. 
 
 This is practically complete to all parts, 
 of the city and its suburbs, and is greatly 
 equalizing- values. 
 
 Reading Rooms, Public. 
 
 Everybody is welcome at the public 
 library, on Gratiot avenue, near Farmer 
 street and at the reading room of the Y. 
 M. C. A. on Grand River, near Wood- 
 ward avenue. 
 
 Real Estate. 
 
 Increases in value faster than the popu- 
 lation increases, and property on the out- 
 skirts of the city for several years past 
 has increased in value faster than inter- 
 ior property. 
 
 Reciprocity. 
 
 Or commercial union with Canada, is sure 
 to come and will immensely increase our 
 prosperity. 
 
 Recorder's Court. 
 
 This holds its sessions in the court 
 building-, on Clinton, near St. Antoine 
 street. 
 
 Recreation. 
 
 Opportunities for pleasure in the way 
 of boating, fishing-, hunting, athletic 
 sports and excursions here and there are 
 exceptional. 
 
 Regattas. 
 
 These and races on the river are of fre- 
 quent occurrence. 
 
 Religious Paipers. 
 
 There are five denominational religious 
 papers published in Detroit: The Chris- 
 tian Herald (Baptist), at 22 Witherell 
 street; Michigan Presbyterian, at same 
 address; the Michigan Christian Advo- 
 cate, at 269 Woodward avenue; the De- 
 troit Churchman, at 178 Henry street; 
 the Michigan Catholic, at 64 State street. 
 
 73 
 
Rents 
 
 Are more reasonable than in any other 
 city of the size of Detroit. 
 
 Residence. 
 
 As a place of residence, Detroit pos- 
 sesses an unusual number of advantages. 
 This is evidenced by the fact that many 
 persons who have made their fortunes 
 elsewhere have selected this city as the 
 place above all others wherein to live and 
 enjoy their wealth. Names can be given 
 in support of this assertion. 
 
 Restaursmts and Lnncli Rooni.s. 
 
 These are quite numerous and can 
 easily be found. 
 
 Revenue Taxes. 
 
 On tobacco, liquors and beer in 1891 fo) 
 Detroit amounted to $1,511,103. 
 
 Revolution, War of. 
 
 Detroit was a focal point in this strug- 
 gle. The British government distributed 
 millions of dollars worth of goods to the 
 Indians who were gathered here from all 
 over the west and south, and from De- 
 troit Indian expeditions were sent out 
 against colonists all through the west. 
 
 Rides- Carriage. 
 
 See Drives. 
 
 River, Tlie 
 
 Detroit, admittedly the most attractive 
 city on the American continent, lies on 
 the north side of the river of the same 
 name, on which it has a frontage of 10 
 miles. Such is the capacity of its har- 
 bor that many of the warships of the 
 world might ride at anchor in our beau- 
 tiful stream, and more white-winged and 
 steam craft pass our shores than enter 
 the ports of Liverpool, London or tra- 
 verse the Suez Canal. Over it pass 
 greater quantities of grain and mineral 
 than pass over any other sheet of water 
 in all the world. The river is 27 miles 
 long, from one-half to three miles wide, 
 with an average width of one mile. It 
 is from 20 to 60 feet deep, with smooth 
 yet rapid current, and with beautiful 
 
 u 
 
islands decorating- almost its entire 
 length. As it never overflows, it is never 
 a menace, but always a joy and blessing. 
 Yachts, sail boats, barges, ferries, and 
 great steamers ply and tly over its silver 
 and blue, and in the season it is a pan- 
 orama of beauty, gay with music 
 streamers and happy voyageurs. 
 
 River Rouge Region. 
 
 This is one of the newest and most rap- 
 idly developing manufacturing centers in 
 or near the city. The River Roug-e front- 
 age, special railroad connections and the 
 numerous large establishments' already 
 there located give it grreat prominence. 
 Reached by Fort cars west. 
 
 Roads. 
 
 The roads in and about Detroit, and on 
 the Canadian side are, many of them 
 
 - cle7s."se'e"DHves""^ "^"'^ "^^^ ^^ ^^^y- 
 Royal Oak:. 
 
 A small town about 12 miles out Wood- 
 ward avenue, on the line of the Detroit 
 & Pontiac railway. 
 
 Safes 
 
 Are produced here in one of the largest 
 factories m the world. Over $300,000 worth 
 are manufactured yearly. 
 
 Safe-Dei»o.sit Vaiilt.s. 
 
 These conveniences are to be found at 
 the Union Trust Co., corner of Griswold 
 and Congress streets; at the Wayne 
 County Savings Bank, 32 Congress street 
 west, and at the Preston National Bank 
 11 < Griswold street. 
 
 Saloons. 
 
 Under law of 1895, all liquor saloons now 
 pay a uniform tax of $500 per year. 
 
 Salt. 
 
 Recent tests by boring show that there 
 is a strata of rock salt, many feet in 
 thickness, about 600 feet below the sur- 
 face along the river and the manufacture 
 of salt is already a leading industry. 
 
 75 
 
Salvation Army. 
 
 For may years officers of this religious 
 organization have had quarters in De- 
 troit. At present they are at 21-23 Cad- 
 illac Square, with posts at two other 
 points in the city. Evening after even- 
 ing, even in severe weather, the com- 
 rades, both men and women, beat the 
 drum and tambourine, speak and testify 
 near the Soldiers' Monument or else- 
 where on the Campus Martins. There 
 can be no doubt that the cause of mor- 
 als and religion are both served by their 
 efforts. 
 
 Sander's Ice Cream Parlors. 
 
 This is the largest and most elaborate 
 place of the kind in the city. A specialty 
 is made of ice cream soda at five cents 
 a glass. Probably no city in the country 
 has a roomier or better conducted estab- 
 lishment. The fact that it is closed on 
 Sunday still further recommends it. It 
 is located at 141-143 Woodward avenue, 
 just north of the Campus Martins. 
 
 Sandwicli. 
 
 An old Canadian town opposite Detroit, 
 once famous for its quaint and sleepy 
 character but now being rapidly modern- 
 ized. It is reached by electric car from 
 Windsor, 
 
 Sanitarium. 
 
 This is located on Fort street, between 
 Fourth and Fifth streets. 
 
 Sanitary Inspection. 
 
 Under police control is conducted all the 
 year round. 
 
 Sanlt Ste. Marie. 
 
 Steamboats run regularly in the season 
 to this place, and the scenery on the 
 route is deemed very fine. 
 
 Seliools. 
 
 There are 55 private and parochial 
 schools and 67 public schools. See Edu- 
 cation. 
 
 See also Sprague Correspondence School 
 of Law and Lewis School for Stammerers. 
 
 76 
 
Schools, Public. 
 
 There are 67, as follows: 
 
 Alger— Mott, near Woodward. 
 
 Amos— Corner Military and Regular ave. 
 
 Bagley— Corner Fourteenth cind Pine. 
 
 Barstow— Larned near Riopelle. 
 
 Bellefontaine— Morrell near Fort street W 
 
 Bellevue— Bellevue near Champlain. 
 
 Berry — Corner Concord and Charlevoix. 
 
 Bishop— Winder near Rivard. 
 
 Brownson — Maple near Chene. 
 
 Campau — Forest near Jos. Campau. 
 
 Campbell— Corner St. Aubin and Alex- 
 andrine. 
 
 Cass — Corner Grand River and Second. 
 
 Chaney— Sullivan near Linden. 
 
 Clay — Pitcher near Cass. 
 
 Clinton — Clinton near Rivard. 
 
 Columbian — Corner Twenty-seventh and 
 Merrick. 
 
 Craft— Corner Ash and VinewoocT. 
 
 Custer — Hammond near Ranspach. 
 
 Dickinson— Corner Twelfth and Calumet. 
 
 DufReld— Clinton near Chene. 
 
 Estabrook— Corner Eighteenth and Mc- 
 Graw. 
 
 Everett— Fort street near Rivard. 
 
 Fairbanks— Corner Seward and Hamilton. 
 
 Farrand— Corner Harper and John R. 
 
 Ferry— Corner Ferry and Jos. Campau. 
 
 Field— Corner Field and Agnes. 
 
 Firnane— Fort near McDougall. 
 
 Franklin— Corner Seventh and Pine. 
 
 Garfield— Corner Rivard and Frederick. 
 
 Gratiot— Corner Gratiot and Butler. 
 
 Hancock— Corner Hancock and Four- 
 teenth. 
 
 Harris— Corner Pulford and Ellery. 
 
 Hibbard— Hibbard near Jefferson. * 
 
 Hickey— Corner Thirtieth and Herbert. 
 
 High, Central— Cass, bet. Hancock and 
 Warren. 
 
 High, Western— Scotten near Baker. 
 
 Houghton— Corner Abbott and Sixth. 
 
 Hubbard— Twenty-fifth near Baker. 
 
 Irving— Willis near Woodward. 
 
 Jackson— Fort near Chene. 
 
 Jefferson— Corner Selden and Greenwood. 
 
 Johnson— Waterloo near Dubois. 
 
 Lincoln— Corner Brady and Antoine. 
 
 Lyster— Livernois near Michigan. 
 
 McKinstry— Corner McKinstry and Mc- 
 Millan. 
 
 Newberry— Twenty-ninth near Visgar. 
 
 Nichols— Elm near Seventh. 
 
 Norvell— Arndt near McDougall. 
 
 Oakland— Corner Holbrook and Oakland. 
 
 Owen— Corner Myrtle and Thirteenth. 
 
Palmer— Horton near Antoine. 
 
 Pitcher— Sullivan near Butlernut. 
 
 Poe— Lysander near Sixth. 
 
 Potter— Tillman near Myrtle. 
 
 Preston— Seventeenth near Howard. 
 
 Roberts— Adelaide near Beaubien. 
 
 Rose— Van Dyke near Ferry. 
 
 Russell — Russell, corner Eliot. 
 
 Scripps— Belvidere near Kercheval. 
 
 Tappan — Corner Thirteenth and Maran- 
 tette. 
 
 Tilden— Corner Kirby and Brooklyn. 
 
 Trowbridge— Forest near Hastings. 
 
 Van Dyke — Van Dyke near Kercheval. 
 
 Washing-ton Normal— Beaubien near Bea- 
 con. 
 
 Webster— Twenty-first near Howard. 
 
 Wilkins— Porter near Second. 
 
 Williams— Canfield near Mt. Elliott. 
 
 School I'ropcrty. 
 
 That used for public schools Is worth 
 over $2,500,000. 
 
 Scliolars. 
 
 In public schools, 35,894. 
 
 ^eeontl-Hand Book Stores. 
 
 See Old Bookstores. 
 
 Seeds. 
 
 The Ferry seed establishment is the 
 larg-est in the world, and employs hun- 
 dreds of persons. Corner Monroe avenue 
 and Brush street. 
 
 Seworage. 
 
 Our opportunities for sewerage are ex- 
 ceptional and p.r? ell improved in all 
 parts of the city. We have about 40) 
 miles of sewers. 
 
 Slia«ie Trees. 
 
 These are unusually numerous and 
 beautiful. 
 
 Shady Streets. 
 
 We have an unusual number. 
 
 Slieriir. 
 
 The sheriff of Wayne county has It's 
 residence in connection with the county 
 jail. See Jail. 
 
 78 
 
Sliips and. Steamers. 
 
 Worth over $2,000,000 are built here yearly. 
 Sliipiiieuts 
 
 Are actually made from Detroit to var- 
 ious places in Alaska, Africa. Australia, 
 Austria, Belgium, Brazil. Chili, Constan- 
 tinople, China, England, France, Ger- 
 many. Greece, Honolulu, Italy, Japan, 
 Portugal, Mexico, New Zealand, Russia, 
 Spain, Holland, India, and to every state 
 and territory of the United States. 
 
 Sliippiii^ Facilities 
 
 By rail and water are such as guarantee 
 reasonable rates. Fifteen railroads have 
 terminals in Detroit and access to all is 
 obtained by a belt line around the city. 
 
 Slioppin^. 
 
 Visitors will find no more attractive 
 .show windows or stocks of goods than are 
 to be found in Detroit. 
 
 Sidewall^s. 
 
 These are wide and well kept, and are 
 largely of stone. 
 
 Sij^Iits. 
 
 By all means visit the art museum. Belle 
 Isle park, and the water works. Go 
 and see Grant's old home, the public 
 library, the Chamber of Commerce and 
 view the city from the roof of the Majes- 
 tic building. See also Palmer park, Fort 
 Wayne and the House of Correction. 
 
 Sig^nal Service. 
 
 See V/eather. 
 
 Sites for Factories 
 
 With railroad or water fronts, are espec- 
 ially abundant and cheap. 
 
 Size of City. 
 
 The city has a river frontage of over 
 eight miles and extends back an average 
 of three and one-half miles. 
 
 Skating-. 
 
 This is to be had during a large part 
 of the winter season on the artificial 
 
 79 
 
lakes of Belle Isle, and also at several 
 in-door rinks scattered over the town. 
 The river is now seldom frozen over as 
 it is constantly plied by the ferries. 
 
 Smoke. 
 
 Natural gas is largely used for fuel and 
 comparatively little soft coal is burned, 
 and, aided by the smoke consuming ap- 
 pliances, we are almost entirely delivered 
 from the soot and smoke that are such 
 annoyances in other cities. 
 
 Soap 
 
 To the value of $500,000 is produced yearly. 
 Societies 
 
 Of all kinds are numerous, and man's 
 gregarious wants in this direction are 
 abundantly provided for. 
 
 Soda Asli. 
 
 The manufacture of soda ash is one of 
 the newest industries in this region but 
 bids fair to be one of the most exten- 
 sive. Immense deposits of the constituent 
 materials are found in brine obtained 
 from wells bored at various places along 
 the northeast shore of the Detroit river, 
 and a number of factories are located 
 between Detroit and Trenton. 
 
 Soldiers' Monument. 
 
 This is located on the Campvis Martius. 
 was fully completed in 1881 and the total 
 cost was $70,000. The body of the monu- 
 ment is of Westerly, Rhode Island, gran- 
 ite, and the statues are of golden bronze, 
 cast in Munich, Bavaria. Its height is 
 60 feet. 
 
 Solvay Proce.ss Co. 
 
 This immense concern manufactures 
 soda ash and a score of other bi-products 
 and occupies the former exposition build- 
 ings at the mouth of River Rouge. Take 
 Fort cars west. 
 
 Somerville Springs. 
 
 A health and pleasure hotel on the banks 
 of the St. Clair and near the city of St. 
 Clair. 
 
 80 
 
Sprae'uo Coi'resiioHileiice Scliool 
 
 of Law 
 
 Has hundreds of pupils all over the coun- 
 try. It is located in the Telephone Bldg.. 
 corner Clifford street and Washington 
 avenue. 
 
 Springwells. 
 
 This township adjoins Detroit on the 
 west. 
 
 Stainlarcl and Local Time. 
 
 In this region the Detroit River has 
 been made the dividing line between 
 Eastern and Central Standard time, 
 consequently all trains arrive at and 
 Depart from Detroit on Central Standard 
 time. Across the river Eastern Standard 
 time is used, which is one hour later than 
 Central Standard time. 
 
 In all ordinary matters in Detroit 
 Standard time is ignored and local or 
 sun time is used. 
 
 Star Island. 
 
 This small island at the St. Clair Flats 
 contains a first-class summer hotel. Take 
 boats from foot of Griswold street. 
 
 Statuary. 
 
 Manv originals and copies from orig- 
 inals are to be seen at the Art Museum, 
 corner of Jefferson avenue and Hast- 
 ings street. 
 
 St. Clair Flats. 
 
 This name designates the shoal water 
 at the upper end of Lake St. Clair. The 
 region is one of the greatest fishing and 
 duck hunting regions in the country. It 
 has also become notable because of the 
 club houses and cottages erected on piles 
 and on islands of made land; in summer 
 time these are thronged with occupants 
 from various parts of the country. It 
 has received the cognomen of the "Venice 
 of America." Reached by boat from foot 
 of Griswold street. Fare 50 cents. 
 
 Steamers on Lakes. 
 
 All stop at Detroit. 
 
 Steam Power 
 
 Is cheaper than elsewhere, because of 
 low water rates. 
 
 81 
 
steam Radiators. 
 
 In their manufacture 800 persons are em- 
 ployed, and their monthly pay amounts to 
 nearly $25,000. 
 
 Steel Castings. 
 
 About 5,500 tons are made here yearly 
 and the different works have facilities 
 for making- everything from a needle to 
 a steel, steamer. 
 
 St. liUlte's Hospital 
 
 A protestant episcopal institution, is lo- 
 cated on Fort street near Clark avenue. 
 
 St. Mary's Hospital 
 
 Is located on St. Antoine street near Gra- 
 tiot avenue. It is under Roman catholic 
 control. 
 
 Stone 
 
 B'or building is near at hand and reason- 
 able in price. 
 
 Stoves. 
 
 Our stove factories pay out $100,000 a 
 month in wages, employ 3,000 men and 
 produce over 500 stoves a day, amounting 
 to $4,000,000 yearly. 
 
 Strangers. 
 
 See Excursionists. 
 
 Streets and Car Lines. 
 
 The city's area of 29 square miles is 
 traversed by broad, generous and cleanly 
 highways, unkempt streets being un- 
 known in Detroit. The usual width is 
 60 feet and several of the .avenues are 
 100 and a few 200 feet wide. The side- 
 walks are smooth and ample, and alleys 
 bisect almost every block. Our .300 miles 
 of paved streets and alleys, if in line, 
 would reach across the state, and could 
 be flanked with the best of sewers, our 
 drainage facilities being especially good 
 and well utilized. 
 
 Every quarter of the city is reached by 
 electric cars, and tickets can be had at 
 the rate of six for a quarter, and on 
 some lines eight for a quarter, with lib- 
 eral transfer privileges. There are 167 
 miles of street railways in the city. A 
 trolley ride in almost any direction will 
 
 82 
 
reveal beautiful residences with spacious 
 lawns and many delightful breathing 
 places in the shape of charming little 
 parks, of which the city has no less 
 than 18. These and our beautiful and 
 extensive Belle Isle, with its woods and 
 water witchery, all combine to make a 
 stay in Detroit a continual delight. 
 Rows of low brown carts of old, 
 
 Ready stood at every door. 
 Lined with robes and clean new straw, 
 
 Stylish rigs in days of yore. 
 Now the crowded car invites 
 
 Passengers to pay and stand, 
 One foot on their neighbor's corns. 
 
 And a strap in either hand. 
 
 Street Cleaning. 
 
 Our reputation as a cleanly city is quite 
 exceptional, and a small army of men are 
 almost constantly engaged in sweeping 
 and cleaning the streets. 
 
 Street Sprinkling. 
 
 See Dust. 
 
 Streets, Names of. 
 
 The streets of Detroit were for the most 
 part named after men and women prom- 
 inent in the history of the city. 
 
 Sulsurb-s. 
 
 Grosse Pointe, east of the city, out 
 Jefferson avenue, is our finest subvirb. 
 Pontiac, Mt. Clemens, Wyandotte, North 
 Detroit and Springwells are among the 
 more thickly settled suburban towns. 
 They are all reached by electric cars. 
 
 Sug-ar Island 
 
 Is in the Detroit river, 16 miles below the 
 city. It is a favorite picnic place, being- 
 provided with swings, tables, shelter, etc. 
 Reached by boat from foot of First 
 street. 
 
 Sulpliite Fibre 
 
 Is produced in large quantities. 
 
 Summer Resorts. 
 
 Detroit is connected by boat or rail 
 with all the summer resorts on the 
 Great Lakes, and because of its beauty 
 and proximity to fresh water and river 
 rides the city is itself most pleasant in 
 summer. 
 
 83 
 
Supervisors. 
 
 As one of the townships of Wayne 
 county. Detroit is entitled to have its two 
 aldermen from each ward sit as super- 
 visors on the board of supervisors. 
 
 Snr rendered. 
 
 The fort of Detroit was surrendered by 
 the French to the English on Nov. 29, 1760. 
 By the English to the United States July 
 11. 1796. By Gen. Hull to the English 
 Aug. 16. 1812. and reoccupied by the Amer- 
 ican troops Sept. 29, 1813. 
 
 Sylvan Lake. 
 
 A small lake, 25 miles out Woodward 
 avenue, where many residents spend the 
 summer. Reached by Detroit and Pon- 
 tiac Railway. 
 
 Tashnioo Parle. 
 
 Grounds fitted up for picnics and ex- 
 cursionists, on Harsen's island, in the 
 St. Clair river. 
 
 Taxes, When Payable. 
 
 City taxes are paj^able July 1st, and 
 state and county taxes December 1st. 
 
 Taxes, City. 
 
 The rate in 1898 was $15.99 per $1,000 of 
 valuation. The total levy was for $3,346,- 
 855. 
 
 Taxes, County. 
 
 About five-sixths of the state and 
 county taxes for Wayne county are paid 
 by Detroit. The rate is only about one- 
 fourth of one per cent on a dollar. 
 
 Teacliers. 
 
 In public schools, about 750. 
 Telepliones. 
 
 There are two systems, one operated 
 by the Michigan Bell Telephone Co., cor. 
 C'lifford and Washington, and the newer 
 one operated by the Detroit Telephone 
 Co., 242 Griswold street. There are about 
 15,000 telephones in use in the city. Pub- 
 lic telephones are to be found in all the 
 leading hotels and at the company's of- 
 fices. 
 
 84 
 
Telephone Rates Per Year. 
 
 Business Resi- 
 Offices. dences 
 
 Michigan Telephone Co $36 $24 
 
 Or if on same line with 
 
 another party 24 IS 
 
 Detroit Telephone Co 36 24 
 
 How to Telephone — First: Look up the 
 number of the party you want to talk 
 to, in the book attached to the phone. 
 
 Second: Take hold of the small handle 
 on the right side of the box and turn it 
 away from you at the same time push- 
 ing towards the left until the bell rings. 
 This calls the central office. 
 
 Third: Take down the receiver at the 
 left and hold to the ear. Central office 
 will ask you what number you want. 
 Give it. Then you will be connected with 
 the party you wish to talk to. Tell what 
 you want. 
 
 Fourth: Hang up receiver. 
 
 Fifth: Ring the bell again as at first. 
 This notifies central that you are through. 
 
 In olden days both sight and sound 
 
 Drew young hearts and heads together 
 'Neath the shade of pear trees tall, 
 
 They whispered 'bout the weather. 
 Now, with "phone" glued to their ear, 
 
 With lips so far and yet so near, 
 They suffer martyrdom for fear 
 
 That the "old gent" himself will hear. 
 
 Tclegrapli Offices. 
 
 Are located on corner of Griswold and 
 Lafayette avenue, Griswold and Congress, 
 and Griswold near Jefferson. 
 
 Ten TIiouMand Acre Tract. 
 
 This is a tract occupied in part by the 
 northern portion of the city. It was orig- 
 inally laid out under act of congress of 
 1806, in order to aid the territory and 
 town of Detroit after the fire of 1805. 
 
 Theaters. 
 
 See Detroit Opera house, Whitney opera 
 house, Lyceum theater, and Empire the- 
 ater. 
 
 Tliircl Street Depots. 
 
 There are two on this street only one 
 block apart. At the Union depot, corner 
 of Fort street, all trains on Canadian Pa- 
 
 85 
 
cific, Wabash, F. & P. M., Detroit & 
 Lima Northern, and D., G. R. & W. R. 
 R. arrive and depart. 
 
 At the Michigan Central Depot, next to 
 the river, all trains on the M. C. R. R., 
 C, H. & D. and D. & B. C. R. R., ar- 
 rive and depart. 
 
 TIioiupsoiL Home for Old Ladies 
 
 Is located on corner of Cass and Hancock 
 avenues. 
 
 Time. 
 
 See Standard and Local Time. 
 
 Titles to Laud 
 
 Are more easily traced and more secure 
 than in many other cities. 
 
 Tobacco. 
 
 About 17,000,000 pounds are manufac- 
 tured here yearly. 
 
 Transportation Rates 
 
 Are favorable to and from Detroit. 
 
 Trees and La^vns. 
 
 The city is noted for the number and 
 beauty of these ornaments. 
 
 Trenton. 
 
 A pleasant little village on the river, 12 
 miles from Detroit, affords exceptional op- 
 portunities for a quiet, healthful, sum- 
 mer home. It is reached by L. S. & M. 
 S. R. R.. or Wyandotte and Detroit river 
 electric line. 
 
 Ti'olley Lines. 
 
 All of the street car lines are electric 
 lines of the trolley type. There are 
 seven trolley lines connecting Detroit 
 with svirrounding towns. See Streets and 
 Car Lines. 
 
 Trolley Rides. 
 
 A special car can be chartered of the 
 company at 12 Woodward, at the rate of 
 $3 for the first hour and $2 for each suc- 
 ceeding hour for an ordinary car, or for 
 an elegant car equipped with buffet, easy 
 chairs, etc., $5 for first hour and $3 for 
 each succeeding hour. These special cars 
 accommodate 28 persons and will take 
 you over any route desired in the city or 
 out to Grosse Pointe. 
 
 86 
 
Tnrkisli Baths. 
 
 See Baths. 
 
 Union Denot. 
 
 This is on the corner of Fort and Third 
 streets, and is used by the Canadian Pa- 
 cific, Flint & Pere Marquette, Detroit & 
 Lima, Northern, Wabasli and Detroit, 
 Grand Rapids & Western Railroads. 
 
 I'nion Tru.st Bld^. 
 
 The handsomest office building- in the 
 city, located on the corner of Griswold 
 and Congress streets. The Weather Bu- 
 reau has its office at the top story. 
 
 University, Business 
 
 Is located corner of Wilcox street and 
 Barclay place. 
 
 University of Micliigan. 
 
 This is located at Ann Arbor, and is 
 leg^itimately named in connection with De- 
 troit, as it had its beg^innings here, and 
 is an integ^ral part of the general educa- 
 tional system of the city and state. It is 
 well worthy of a v'sit. Reached by M. C. 
 R.R. or Detroit. Ypsilanti & Ann Arbor 
 electric line. 
 
 Upper Lakes. 
 
 Boats run regularly from Detroit to all 
 points on south shore of Lake Superior. 
 
 Venice, Little. 
 
 See Little "Venice. 
 
 Vernor's Ginger Ale. 
 
 This is the drink par excellence of De- 
 troit. It is strictly a temperance drink, 
 pleasant and healthftil, and may be said 
 to be one of the institutions of the city. 
 
 Vessel Building: 
 
 Is a large industry in Detroit. 
 
 Vessels and Steamers 
 
 Valued at over $2,000,000 are built hero 
 yearly. 
 
 Vessel Tonnag:e. 
 
 More passes through the Detroit river 
 annually than enters and clears the ports 
 of London and Liverpool in the same 
 time; nearly 400 vessels pass daily. 
 
 87 
 
Valuation 
 
 By decades of real and personal prop- 
 erty: 
 
 1860 $ 16,213,823 
 
 1870 23.603,327 
 
 1880 85.363,790 
 
 1890 184,927,130 
 
 1897 206,825,870 
 
 Visitors. 
 
 See Excursionists. 
 Voters, Qualifications, Number. 
 
 In order to vote, persons of foreign 
 birth must have declared their intention 
 to become TTnited States citizens two 
 years and six months prior to an elec- 
 tion and have lived in Michigan the three 
 months before- an election, and in all 
 cases voters must be 21 years of age, and 
 have been residents of the state for the 
 six months preceding an election, and of 
 the ward in which they propose to vote 
 for the 20 days preceding an election. The 
 greatest number of votes cast in several 
 vears was as follows: 1820. 66: 1840. 671; 
 1850, 1.443; 1860. 8,339; 1870, 11,323: 1880. 21,676; 
 1890, 30,041; 1894, 39,546. In 1899 the num- 
 ber registered was 62,970. 
 
 Wages 
 
 Are as fair as in any other city, and liv- 
 ing much cheaper than in many other 
 large cities. 
 
 IValkerville. 
 
 On the Canadian side opposite Detroit, 
 is notable for its extensive distillery and 
 whisky warehouses. It is also the north- 
 ern terminus of the I^alre Erie. Essex 
 & Detroit River R. R. by means of which 
 you can reach The Mettawas. an elearant 
 summer hotel on the shore of Lake Erie. 
 
 Walpole Island. 
 
 An i^lanri near the mnuth of the St. 
 Clair river belonging to Canada to which 
 picnic excursions are often made. 
 
 Wards. 
 
 We have 17 war^^s which run north 
 from the river in ribbon form. 
 
 "Water, Purity of. 
 
 The water supply is not only absolutelv 
 inexhaustible, coming from the largest 
 bodies of fresh water in the world, but of 
 
exceptional purity, and the conditions afe 
 ISch that Detroit can always have a 
 plentiful supply of the very best. 
 
 Water Rates 
 
 Are lower than in many other cities, and 
 average only $4 per year for an or<|inar> 
 family. Meter rates are about half the 
 ratesof other cities. 
 
 Water W^orks. 
 
 These are on the river in the extreme 
 eastern portion of the city. The grounds 
 embrace 70 acres. The property is worth 
 nearly $5,000,000. There are not far from 
 526 miles of mains and about 40 milliou 
 gallons of water are pumped dady. 
 Reached by electric cars out Jefferson 
 avenue. 
 
 Water Works Park. 
 
 These grounds form part of the Water 
 Works property, embrace about seventy 
 acres and exhibit the finest floral dis- 
 plays and ornamental gardening to be 
 seen in or near the city. The artificial 
 lakes together with the reservoirs, the 
 canal and the river itself, make it unex- 
 celled as a beautiful, Quiet and restful 
 pleasure ground. Take Jefferson cars 
 going east. 
 
 Wayne County, 
 
 In which Detroit is located, was organ- 
 ized Aug. 15, 1796. and then included the 
 present sites of Cleveland. Chicago and 
 Milwaukee as well as Detroit. Its present 
 limits were defined by law of Nov. zO, 
 1S26. The population of the county, in- 
 cluding Detroit, in several decades, has 
 been as follows: 
 
 1820 3,574 
 
 1830 6,781 
 
 1840 24,173 
 
 1850 42.756 
 
 1860 70.547 
 
 1870 119,068 
 
 1880 166,444 
 
 1890 256,838 
 
 In 1890 Wayne county had 47,397 dwell- 
 ings; 52,927 families with an average of 
 5 42 persons to a dwelling, and 4.86 per- 
 sons to a family. Of these. Detroit had 
 36,992 dwellings; 42,209 families, with an 
 average of 5.57 persons to a dwelling, and 
 4.8S persons to a family. 
 
 89 
 
POPULATION OF MINOR CIVIL DIVISIONS OF 
 WAYNE COUNTY. 
 
 1890. ISSO. 
 
 Brownstown township 2,321 2,567 
 
 Flat Rock village 377 373 
 
 Detroit city 205,876 116,340 
 
 Ecorse township 3,567 2,64S 
 
 Greenfield township 2.465 2,216 
 
 Grosse Pointe township... 3,145 2,458 
 
 Grosse Pointe village 298 189 
 
 Hamtramck township 4,025 4,440 
 
 Huron township 1,960 2,019 
 
 New Boston village 218 284 
 
 Livonia township 1,460 1,638 
 
 Monguagon township 1,855 2,301 
 
 Trenton village 789 1,103 
 
 Nankin township 3,288 3,231 
 
 Wayne village 1,226 919 
 
 Plymouth township 3,950 3,339 
 
 Northville village 1,573 934 
 
 Plvmouth village 1,172 1,025 
 
 Bedford township 1,866 1,947 
 
 Romulus township 1,748 1,741 
 
 Springwells township 7,790 7,960 
 
 Sumpter township 1,523 1,445 
 
 Taylor township 1,216 1,161 
 
 Van Buren township 1,712 1,918 
 
 Belleville village 367 314 
 
 Wyandotte city 3,817 3,631 
 
 Wayne County 3Iai>s. 
 
 Silas Farmer «& Co. publish a map of 
 Wayne county, size 15x15 inches in cover, 
 at 35 cents, and a large map of Wayne 
 county with part of Oakland and Macomb 
 counties, size 60x70 inches mounted, at 
 $7.00. 
 
 "Wayne Pavilion. 
 
 This is a pleasant place on summer 
 evenings. It is on the river front at the 
 foot of Third street and although a part 
 of the Wayne Hotel is open to the public, 
 and refreshments are served. 
 
 Weatlier. 
 
 Strangers are particularly requested to 
 notice that we have this article also, and 
 it is usually first class the year around. 
 The principal office of the bureau is the 
 top story of the Union Trust building, 
 corner of Congress and Griswold streets, 
 and is an interesting place to visit. 
 
 90 
 
West Detroit. 
 
 This locality, in the western part of the 
 city was formerly known as Grand T^runK 
 Junction. It has a postofRce known as 
 West Detroit. 
 
 Western Hij^li Seliool. 
 This is located on Scotten avenue, op- 
 posite Clark Park. 
 
 AV^lieeling. 
 See Cycling and Bicycle Riders. 
 
 Wheelman's Hall. 
 This is the home of the Detroit L. A. 
 W and is located on Adams avenue K., 
 between Witherell and John R. streets. 
 
 AVhitney's Opera House 
 
 Is on Griswold near State street. 
 "Wliite Wings." 
 
 This is the popular name given the 
 men who keep our streets .in such fine 
 condition. They wear white unitorms. 
 AVoortward Lawn Cemetery. 
 
 This is situated on the west side of 
 Woodward avenue, just beyond Palmei 
 park and about four miles beyond the 
 city limits. Office is at 604 Union Trust 
 buildings. Take Detroit & Pontiac trolley 
 
 W^liolesale Trade. 
 
 The mercantile trade amounts to about 
 $35,000,000 annually. 
 
 Wiudsox'. 
 A live and bustling Canadian city op- 
 posite Detroit. 
 
 \%^onien. 
 
 Visitors cannot fail to notice the beau- 
 tiful complexions, cultured grace and 
 general elegance which climate and otaer 
 conditions have given the women of De- 
 troit to an extent that is doubtless dupli- 
 cated in few other cities. 
 
 AVonian's Hospital. 
 
 This Iving-in institution is located at 
 corner of B'orest avenue and Beaubien 
 street. 
 
 Wonderland. 
 
 This museum and theater has its new 
 building on Monroe avenue, near the 
 Cami)us Martins. 
 
 Wonderland, Old. 
 A theater and museum. located on 
 Woodward near Jefferson. 
 
 91 
 
"Woort^varrt Avenue. 
 
 This is the main thoroughfare of the 
 city, the lower portion being given up to 
 business blocks, while for the greater 
 length it is lined by fine residences. 
 
 W-'orliing" People. 
 
 There are an unusual number among 
 our real estate owners. 
 
 Wooiliiiere Cemetery 
 
 Is located in township of Springwells. 
 about 4 and one-half miles from the city 
 hall. It contains 200 acres, and is reached 
 by Fort street cars marked Woodmere. 
 
 Wyandotte 
 
 Is about eight miles from Detroit on the 
 river. Formerly there were extensive iron 
 works in operation here, now iron ship 
 building and the manufacture of soda 
 ash, and fur rugs are the chief indus- 
 tries. Reached by Wyandotte & Detroit 
 River electric cars, or boat from foot of 
 First street. 
 
 Yaelit Clults. 
 
 See Michigan Yacht Club. 
 
 Yantic. 
 
 This is the name of the drill-ship of 
 the Detroit Naval Reserves, and is gen- 
 erally to be seen at the foot of Bates 
 street. 
 
 Yonrtotega Cluli 
 Has its hoine at 302 Jefferson avenue. 
 
 Yonng- Men'.s Christian Assoeia- 
 tion 
 
 Is located on corner of Griswold and 
 Grand River, and is worthy of a visit. It 
 is recognized as one of the best equipped, 
 most active, progressive and useful of 
 these institutions. 
 
 Yonng- AVonien's Cl»ri.stian A.sso. 
 tion 
 
 This is located in the University build- 
 ing, on the corner of Wilcox street and 
 Barclay place. 
 
 Young- Woman's Home 
 
 Is located on the corner of Adams ave- 
 nue and Clifford street. 
 
 Yiisilanti 
 
 Is a pleasant inland city and contains 
 the State Normal school. It is reached 
 by M. C. R. R. or Detroit. Ypsilanti & 
 Ann Arbor electric line. 
 
 92 
 
CITY AND SUBURBAN 
 ELECTRIC LINES, 
 
 GENERAL INFORMATION. 
 
 The cars of all city lines are of the 
 same color. The particular locality 
 reached by any car is shown by signs 
 on front and sides of the car. 
 
 Transfers are not given from the 
 lines of one company to the lines of 
 another company. 
 
 In the following information about 
 the various lines, the points where 
 persons may transfer are given and 
 the different lines are referred to by 
 their numbers in the list. 
 
 CITIZENS' STREET RAILWAY 
 
 LINES. 
 
 The fare on all lines of the Citizens' 
 Company is five (5) cents, or six 
 tickets for 25 cents. Workingmen's 
 tickets, eight for 25 cents, are good 
 between the hours of 5.30 and 7 a. m., 
 and 5.15 and 6.15 p. m. Transfers are 
 given on either cash or ticket fare to 
 connecting lines of this company, and 
 persons must transfer at the first 
 intersection with the line for which 
 they obtain the transfer. Transfers 
 must be applied for when the fare is 
 paid. 
 
 I . Woodward Avenue Line. 
 
 From the M. C. R. R. depot, corner 
 of Jefferson and Third, east on Jeffer- 
 son to Woodward, north on Wood- 
 ward to R. R. Crossing, City Limits, 
 Highland Park, and Palmer Park. 
 Cars return same route. 
 
 93 
 
Persons from the depot may trans- 
 fer to 2, 5, 6 and 8 at the corner of 
 Jefferson and Woodward; to 4 at cor- 
 ner of Woodward and Congress; to 3 
 and 7 at corner of Woodward and 
 Michigan; persons going south on 
 Woodward may transfer to 2, 6 and 
 8 at corner of Woodward and Grand 
 River; to 3, 4, 7 and 9 at corner of 
 Woodward and Michigan. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves the 
 intersection of Woodward and R. R. 
 Crossing for down town at 5:35 a. m. 
 First car leaves M. C. R. R. depot at 
 6 a. m. First car leaves Highland 
 Park for down town at 6 a. m. Cars 
 for Highland Park and Palmer Park 
 run from M. C. R. R. depot every 12 
 min. from 6:12 a. m. to 8:30 p. m. and 
 then every 15 min. to 12 midnight. 
 Cars run every 3 min. between M. C. 
 depot and city limits. 
 
 Night Service: Commencing at 
 12:40 a. m., cars pass the City Hall 
 every 40 min. till 6 a. m. 
 
 Cars for Palmer Park are marked 
 "Log Cabin." 
 
 The run from M. C. R. R. depot to 
 R. R. Crossing is 20 min.; to High- 
 land Park, 32 min.; to Palmer Park, 
 41 min. 
 
 2, Jefferson (and Grand River) Line. 
 
 From the Water Works, corner of 
 Jefferson and Cadillac, west on Jeffer- 
 son to Woodward, north on Wood- 
 ward to Grand River, northwest on 
 Grand River to Boulevard (City Lim- 
 its). Cars return same route. 
 
 Persons going west may transfer to 
 1, 5, 6 and 8 at corner of Jefferson and 
 Woodward; going east, at corner of 
 Grand River and Woodward to 1; 
 
 94 
 
going east or west, at corner of Wood- 
 ward and Michigan to 3, 4 and 7; 
 at corner of Grand River and Third 
 to 10; at corner of Grand River and 
 Greenwood to 6; at corner of Grand 
 River and Trumbull to 7. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves the 
 Water Works at 5:30 a. m. Last car 
 at 12 midnight. First car leaves Grand 
 River and City Limits at 5:50 a. m. 
 Last car at 12:40 a. m. Cars run 
 every 5 min. 
 
 Night Service: Commencing at 
 12:40 a. m., cars pass the City Hall 
 every 40 min. till 4:20 a. m. 
 
 Every fourth car runs to Grosse 
 Pointe and is marked "Through" or 
 "Grosse Pointe." The fare east of the 
 Water Works to Grosse Pointe Farms 
 is 5 cents extra. 
 
 3^ Michigan (and Gratiot) Line. 
 
 From the corner of Michigan and 
 Livernois (City Limits), east on Mich- 
 igan to Woodward, across Woodward 
 to Monroe, east on Monroe to Ran- 
 dolph, north on Randolph to Gratiot, 
 north on Gratiot to Sheridan Ave. 
 Cars return same route. 
 
 Persons may transfer to 7 at corner 
 of Michigan and Trumbull; to 4 west 
 at corner of Michigan and Porter; to 
 10 at corner of Michigan and Third; 
 to 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8 at corner of Mich- 
 igan and Woodward; to 5 at corner of 
 Gratiot and Brush; to 7 at corner of 
 Gratiot and Chene; to 9 at corner of 
 Gratiot and Mack. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner of Michigan and Livernois at 5:42 
 a. m. Last car at 12:00 p. m. First 
 car leaves corner of Gratiot and Sher- 
 idan at 5:42 a. m. Last car at 12:00 
 p. m. Cars run every 6 min. 
 95 
 
Night Service: Commencing at 
 12:40 a. m., cars pass the City Hall 
 every 40 min. till 4:20 a. m. 
 
 Cars on this line marked "Mack" on 
 the front end connect with Mack Ave. 
 cars. Those marked "Through" do 
 not. 
 
 From Sheridan Ave. cars run back 
 and forth on Gratiot to Leesville 
 (City Limits). Transfers are given to 
 and from the main line. 
 
 4 Baker Line (Congress East). 
 
 From corner of Dix and Livernois 
 (City Limits), east on Dix to Twenty- 
 fourth, south on Twenty-fourth to 
 Baker, east on Baker to Trumbull, 
 south on Trumbull to Abbott, east on 
 Abbott to Michigan, east on Michigan 
 to Woodward, south on Woodward to 
 Congress, east on Congress to Mt. 
 Elliott, south on Mt. Elliott to Jeffer- 
 son, east on Jefferson to Belle Isle 
 bridge. Cars return same route to Fort 
 street east, west on Fort to Brush, 
 south on Brush to Congress, west on 
 Congress to Woodward, north on 
 Woodward to Michigan, west on Michi- 
 gan to Porter, west on Porter to Sev- 
 enth, north on Seventh to Baker, west 
 on Baker to Twenty-third, north on 
 Twenty-third to Dix, west on Dix to 
 Livernois. 
 
 Persons going east may transfer to 
 10 at corner of Abbott and Third; to 
 3 and 7 at corner of Abbott and 
 Michigan; to 1, 2, 5, 6 and 8 at corner 
 of Michigan and Woodward; to 7a at 
 corner of Congress and Chene. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves Dix 
 and Livernois at 5:42 a. m. Last car 
 at 11:36 p. m. First car leaves Mt. 
 
 96 
 
Elliott at 5:41 a. m. Last car at 11:45 
 p. m. Cars run every 6 min. 
 No Night Service. 
 
 5. Brush (and Russell) Line. 
 
 From the corner of Piquette and 
 Russell, south on Russell to Farns- 
 worth, west on Farnsworth to Antoine, 
 south on Antoine to Rowena, west on 
 Rowena to Brush, south on Brush to 
 Gratiot, west on Gratiot to Randolph, 
 south on Randolph to Monroe, west 
 on Monroe to Woodward, south on 
 Woodward to Jefferson, west on Jef- 
 ferson to Griswold, south on Griswold 
 to Atwater, east on Atwater to foot of 
 Woodward Ave. Cars return north on 
 Woodward to Monroe and thence by 
 same route to starting point. 
 
 Persons may transfer at corner of 
 Brush and Gratiot to 3 and 7; at 
 corner of Monroe and Woodward to 
 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner of Russell and Piquette at 5:50 a. 
 m. Last car at 11:36 p. m. First car 
 leaves foot of Woodward Ave. at 6:16 
 a. m. Last car at 12 midnight. Cars 
 run every 8 min. 
 
 No Night Service. 
 
 g. Third Ave. Line (up-Greenwood). 
 
 From corner of Greenwood and 
 Holden, southeast on Holden to Third, 
 south on Third to Ledyard, east on 
 Ledyard to Cass, south on Cass to 
 Grand River, southeast on Grand 
 River to Woodward, south on Wood- 
 ward to Jefferson, east on Jefferson to 
 Brush, south on Brush to Atwater and 
 Grand Trunk Depot. Cars return east 
 on Atwater to Woodward, north on 
 
 97 
 
Woodward to Grand River, northwest 
 on Grand River to Greenwood, north 
 on Greenwood to Holden. 
 
 On Saturday afternoons and Sundays, 
 cars run to Belle Isle bridge and Water 
 Works Park. 
 
 Persons going south may transfer 
 to 2 and 8 at corner of Cass and Grand 
 River; to 1 at corner of Grand River 
 and Woodward; to 3, 4, 5 and 7 at 
 corner of Woodward and Michigan. 
 Persons from the Depot to 1, 2, 5 and 
 8 at corner of Woodward and Jeffer- 
 son; to 4 at corner of Woodward and 
 Congress; to 3 and 7 at corner of 
 Woodward and Michigan. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner Greenwood and Holden at 5:47 a. 
 m. Last car at 12:30 a. m. First car 
 leaves Grand Trunk Depot at 6:10 
 a. m. Last car at 1 a. m. Cars run 
 every 5 min. 
 
 No Night Service. 
 
 7. Trumbull (and Chene) Line. 
 
 From corner of Stanley and Trum- 
 bull, south on Trumbull to Michigan, 
 southeast on Michigan to Woodward, 
 across Woodward to Monroe, east on 
 Monroe to Randolph, north on Ran- 
 dolph to Gratiot, north on Gratiot to 
 Chene, north on Chene to M. C. R. R. 
 Belt Line. Cars return same route. 
 
 Persons may transfer to 2 at corner 
 of Trumbull and Grand River; to 8 at 
 corner of Trumbull and Myrtle; to 3 
 at corner of Trumbull and Michi- 
 igan; to 4 west at corner of Michigan 
 and Porter; to 4 east at corner of 
 Michigan and Abbott; to 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 
 and 8 at corner of Michigan and 
 Woodward; to 5 at corner of Gratiot 
 and Brush; to 3 and 7a at corner of 
 Gratiot and Chene. 
 
 98 
 
Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner of Trumbull and Stanley at 5-45 
 a. m ; last car at 11:45 p. m First 
 
 lLT^^ '°.T^.°^ ^^^^^ ^^d Belt 
 n4^n*T?- n ^-^^ ^- ^- Last car at 
 No Night Service. 
 
 7a. Chene Street Line (South of 
 Gratiot). 
 
 and'r"?!.!^^ intersection of Gratiot 
 
 f^ Af ? ®' ^^^^ ^"^ south on Chene 
 
 of ^ZT''rf^'^ ^^ ^twater to foot o? 
 
 Ferrv P.?^'"^'' ^^^ Walkerville 
 i^erry. Cars return same route 
 
 Persons may transfer at corner of 
 Chene and Gratiot to 3 and 7- at 
 corner of Chene and Fort to 4 West 
 at corner of Chene and Congress to i 
 east, at corner of Chene and Jeffer- 
 son to 2. Cars run every 9 min 
 
 No cars after 12 midnight. 
 
 8. Myrtle Street Line. 
 
 From the corner of Twentv-siYfb 
 and Myrtle, east on Myrtirto VranS 
 River, southeast on Grand River Jo 
 
 St'aTe ?oT.-"^ ?r' ^^ S^^^^' ^^'t on 
 to itJ«."^?^^' ^^"^^ °^ Griswold 
 
 wa^d rf ' '^'J °^ ^^^^^^'' to Wood- 
 ward. Cars return north on Wood- 
 
 Gr'and m ""'T^.^'^''' northwest on 
 
 Persons may transfer at corner of 
 Myrtle and Trumbull to 7; at corner 
 of Myrtle and Grand River to 2 a 
 wJodW^.r' ^'^'^ andVr^en- 
 
 Tud^'^Cass 'to fi-'^/r" °^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ 
 o 7 V?.^ . ° ^' ^*^ corner of Griswold 
 and Michigan to 3, 4 and 7 at To 
 ner of Griswold and lefferson to l" 
 Persons going north, at corner of 
 
 99 
 
Woodward and Jefferson to 1 and 2; 
 at corner of Woodward and Congress 
 to 4; at corner of Woodward and 
 Michigan to 3 and 7. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner of Myrtle and Vinewood at 5:45 
 a. m. Last car at 12:15 a. m. First 
 car leaves foot of Woodward Ave. at 
 6:10 a. m. Last car at 12:45 a. m. 
 Cars run every 9 mins. 
 
 No Night Service. 
 
 9^ Mack Avenue Line. 
 
 To reach this line take Michigan 
 cars marked "Mack." From the cor- 
 ner of Gratiot and Mack Aves., east on 
 Mack to Hamilton Ave. (St. Clair 
 Heights.) Cars return same route. 
 
 Persons may transfer to and from 3 
 at corner of Mack and Gratiot. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves St. 
 Clair Heights at 5:55 a. m. Last car 
 at 12:25 a. m. First car going east 
 leaves the corner of Gratiot and Mack 
 at 5:42 a. m. Last car at 12 midnight. 
 Cars run every 12 mins. 
 
 No Night Service. 
 
 I 0. Third Street Depot Line. 
 
 From the corner of Grand River and 
 Third, south on Third to Union Depot, 
 and Michigan Central Depot, then east 
 on Larned to Griswold street. Cars 
 return same route. 
 
 Transfers are received from and are 
 given to 1, at corner of Jefferson and 
 Third; to 4 east at corner of Third and 
 Abbott; to 4 west at corner of Third 
 and Porter; to 3 and 7 at corner of 
 Third and Michigan; to 2, 6 and 8 at 
 corner of Third and Grand River. 
 
 Day Services: Cars run every 8 
 minutes from 6 a. m. to 12 midnight. 
 
 100 
 
THE DETROIT RAILWAY LINES. 
 
 The fare on all lines of the Detroit 
 Railway Co. is five cents; day tickets, 
 good between 5:15 a. m. and 8 p. m., 
 are sold eight for 25 cents. Tickets 
 good at all hours are six for 25 cents. 
 Transfers are given on either cash or 
 ticket fare to connecting lines of this 
 company, but must be applied for 
 when fare is paid. 
 
 Fourteenth Avenue Lines. 
 
 The cars of the Belt Lines are dis- 
 tinguished from those of the Four- 
 teenth and Hastings line by the sign 
 "Belt" on the front ends of the cars. 
 
 I 2. ^^'^ ^i°^ "P Hastings. 
 
 From the corner of Forest and 
 Fourteenth, south on Fourteenth to 
 Locust, east on Locust to Grand 
 River, across Grand River to Henry, 
 east on Henry to Clifford, south on 
 Clifford to Griswold, south on Gris- 
 wold to State, east on State to Wood- 
 ward, across Woodward to Gratiot, 
 east on Gratiot to Miami, north on 
 Miami to Witherell, northeast on 
 Witherell to Adams, east on Adams 
 to Hastings, north on Hastings to 
 Forest, west on Forest to starting 
 point. 
 
 Persons may transfer to 13 and H 
 going north at corner of Henry and 
 Clifford; to 14 (for Ferries) and 16 
 west at corner of Griswold and State; 
 to 16 east at corner of Gratiot and 
 Farmer; to 15 at the corner of Hast- 
 ings and Forest; to 13 and 14 at corner 
 of Forest and Beaubien; to 14 at cor- 
 ner of ForCiSt and Fourteenth. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 
 101 
 
ner Forest and Fourteenth at 6:04 
 a. m. Last car at 12:18 a. m. Cars 
 run every 8 mins. 
 
 Night Service: Commencing at 
 12 midnight, cars leave corner of 
 Gratiot and Farmer every 40 min. 
 
 I 3. ^^'* L'°^ "P Pourteenth. 
 
 From corner of Warren and Four- 
 teenth, east on Warren to Beaubien, 
 south on Beaubien to Adams, west 
 on Adams to Witherell, south on 
 Witherell to Miami, north on Miami 
 to Gratiot, west on Gratiot to Wood- 
 ward, across Woodward to State, 
 west on State to Rowland, north on 
 Rowland to Griswold, north on Gris- 
 wold to Clifford, north on Clifford to 
 Cass, north on Cass to Bagg, west on 
 Bagg to Fourteenth, north on Four- 
 teenth to Warren and starting point. 
 
 Persons may transfer to 12 and 15 
 at corner of Beaubien and Forest; to 
 12 and 14 at corner of Beaubien .md 
 Adams; to 16 at corner of Miami and 
 Gratiot; to 14 (for Ferries) and 16 at 
 corner of State and Griswold; to 12 
 and 14 at corner of Bagg and Four- 
 teenth; to 15 and 14 north at corner 
 of Fourteenth and Warren. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner of Fourteenth and Warren at 6:05 
 a. m. Last car at 11:46 p. m. Cars 
 run every 8 mins. 
 
 Night Service: Commencing at 12 
 midnight, cars leave corner of Gratiot 
 and Farmer every 40 mins. 
 
 I 4b Fourteenth and Hastings Line 
 
 (to the Ferries). 
 
 From the corner of Fourteenth and 
 the Boulevard, south on Fourteenth 
 to Locust, east on Locust to Grand 
 
 103 
 
River, across Grand River to Henry, 
 east on Henry to Clifford, south on 
 Clifford to Griswold, south on Gris- 
 wold to State, west on State to Row- 
 land, south on Rowland to Michigan, 
 across Michigan to Shelby, south on 
 Shelby to Jefferson, east on Jefferson 
 to Griswold, south on Griswold to 
 Woodbridge, east on Woodbridge to 
 Bates, north on Bates to Farmer, 
 north on Farmer to Gratiot, east on 
 Gratiot to Miami, north on Miami to 
 Witherell, northeast on Witherell to 
 Adams, east on Adams to Hastings, 
 north on Hastings to Piquette, west 
 on Piquette to Beaubien, north on 
 Beaubien to Bethune. From this point 
 every other car runs east on Bethune 
 to Oakland, north on Oakland to 
 Woodland and the City Limits, re- 
 turning same route. All cars return 
 south on Beaubien to Adams, west en 
 Adams to Witherell, south on With- 
 erell to Miami, south on Miami to 
 Gratiot, west on Gratiot to Woodward, 
 across Woodward to State, west on 
 State to Rowland, north on Rowland 
 to Griswold, north on Griswold to 
 Clifford, north on Clifford to Cass, 
 north on Cass to Bagg, west on Bagg 
 to Fourteenth, north on Fourteenth 
 to Boulevard and starting point. Cars 
 on this line marked "Limits" are 
 those which go north on Oakland to 
 the City Limits. 
 
 Persons may transfer at corner of 
 Fourteenth and Warren to 15; at cor- 
 ner of Henry and Clifford to 13 north; 
 at corner of Griswold and State to 12 
 and 16 west; at corner of Rowland 
 and Michigan to 16 east; at corner of 
 Farmer and Gratiot to 13 and 16 east; 
 at corner of Hastings and Forest to 
 15. On the return route persons may 
 
 103 
 
transfer at corner of Miami and Gra- 
 tiot to 16; at corner of State and Gris- 
 wold to 14 for the Ferries; at corner 
 of Fourteenth and Warren to 15. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner Fourteenth and Boulevard at 5:30 
 a. m. Last car at 11:40 p. m. First 
 car leaves corner Oakland Ave. and 
 City Limits at 5:30 a. m. Last car at 
 11:05 p. m. Cars run every 4 mins. 
 
 Night service given by lines 12 and 
 13. 
 
 15. Crosstown and Belle Isle Line. 
 
 From corner of Thirty-first and 
 Warren, east on Warren to Beaubien, 
 south on Beaubien to Forest, east on 
 Forest to Mt. Elliott, south on Mt. 
 Elliott to Kercheval, east on Kerche- 
 val to Concord, south on Concord to 
 Champlain, east on Champlain to 
 Field, south on Field to Jefferson, 
 west on Jefferson to Belle Isle Bridge. 
 Cars return west on Jefferson to Con- 
 cord, north on Concord to Kercheval, 
 west on Kercheval to Mt. Elliott, 
 north on Mt. Elliott to Forest, west 
 on Forest to Fourteenth, north on 
 Fourteenth to Warren, west on War- 
 ren to Thirty-first. 
 
 Persons may transfer at corner of 
 Beaubien and Forest to 12, 13 and 14; 
 at corner of Forest and Hastings to 
 14 north; at corner of Mt. Elliott and 
 Hendricks to 16 west; at corner of 
 Forest and Fourteenth to 12 and 14. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner Thirty-first and Warren at 6:05 
 a. m. Last car at 11:05 p. m. First 
 car leaves Belle Isle Bridge at 6:05 a. 
 m. Last car at 12:05 a. m. Cars run 
 every 10 minutes. 
 
 No Night Service. 
 
 104 
 
1 6. Sherman Street Line (Spring- 
 wells and Belle Isle.) 
 
 From Belle Isle Bridge, corner of 
 Jefferson and Boulevard, west on Jef- 
 ferson to Concord, north on Concord 
 to Kercheval, west on Kercheval to 
 Mt. Elliott, north on Mt. Elliott to 
 Hendricks, west on Hendricks to Jos. 
 Campau, south on Jos. Campau to 
 Sherman, west on Sherman to Hast- 
 ings, south on Hastings to Clinton, 
 west on Clinton to Brush, south on 
 Brush to Macomb, west on Macomb to 
 Randolph, across Randolph to Gra- 
 tiot, west on Gratiot to Woodward, 
 across Woodward to State, west on 
 State to Rowland, south on Rowland 
 to Michigan, west on Michigan to 
 Porter, west on Porter to Scotten, 
 north on Scotten to Toledo, west on 
 Toledo to Livernois, south on Liver- 
 nois to Dix. Cars return same route 
 to Twenty-fourth St., south on Twen- 
 ty-fourth to Howard, east on Howard 
 to Twelfth, north on Twelfth to Ab- 
 bott, east on Abbott to Michigan, east 
 on Michigan to Woodward, across 
 Woodward to Monroe, northeast on 
 Monroe to Parmer, north on Farmer 
 to Gratiot, west on Gratiot to Ran- 
 dolph, across Randolph to Macomb, 
 east on Macomb to Russell, north on 
 Russell to Catherine, east on Cather- 
 ine to Jos. Campau, north on Jos. 
 Campau to Waterloo, east on Water- 
 loo to Mt. Elliott, south on Mt. Elliott 
 to Kercheval, east on Kercheval to 
 Concord, south on Concord to Cham- 
 plain, east on Champlain to Field, 
 south on Field to Jefferson, west on 
 Jefferson to Belle Isle Bridge (start- 
 ing point). 
 
 105 
 
From the corner of Livernois and 
 Dix cars run every 24 min. to Wood- 
 mere Cemetery, via. opringwells. 
 
 Persons may transfer at corner of 
 Mt. Elliott and Hendricks to 15; at 
 corner of Gratiot and Miami to 12 
 and 14 north; at corner of State and 
 Griswold to 14 (Ferry line), 13 and 
 14; at corner of Porter and Twenty- 
 fourth to 16 east; at corner of Farm- 
 er and Gratiot to 12, 13 and 14; at 
 corner of Waterloo and Mt. Elliott to 
 15 north. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves Belle 
 Isle Bridge at 5:09 a. m. Last car 
 at 11:38 p. m. First car leaves Dix 
 and Livernois at 5:48 a. m. Last car 
 at 11:50 p. m. Cars run every 6 mins. 
 till 8 p. m., then every 8 mins. till 
 11:38 p. m. 
 
 Ni^ht Service: Commencing at 12 
 midnight, cars leave corner Gratiot 
 and Farmer every 40 mins. 
 
 17. Harper Avenue Line. 
 
 From corner of Mt. Elliott and For- 
 est, north on Mt. Elliott to Harper, 
 east on Harper to Field and City Lim- 
 its. Cars return same route. 
 
 Persons are transferred to and 
 from line 15. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner Harper and Field at 5:38 a. m. 
 Last car at 12:55 a. m. Cars run every 
 12 mins. 
 
 No Night Service. 
 
 DETROIT, FORT WAYNE & BELLE 
 ISLE RAILWAY. 
 
 The fare on the lines of the Detroit, 
 Fort Wayne & Belle Isle Railway Co. 
 is 5 cents, or six tickets for 25 cents. 
 Transfers are only given to connect^ 
 
 106 
 
Ing lines of this company. Lines 18 
 and 19 together give a 6 minute ser- 
 vice. 
 
 I 8- Woodmere Line. 
 
 Prom corner Champlain and Bald- 
 win, west on Champlain to Elmwood, 
 north on Elmwood to Monroe, west 
 on Monroe to Randolph, south on 
 Randolph to Cadillac Square, west on 
 Cadillac Square to Woodward, across 
 Woodward to Fort, west on Fort to 
 Woodmere Cemetery and River 
 Rouge. Cars return same route to 
 Cadillac Square, east on Cadillac 
 Square to Bates, north on Bates to 
 Randolph, across Randolph to Cham- 
 plain, east on Champlain to Baldwin 
 and starting point. 
 
 Persons may transfer at corner of 
 Fort and Clark to 19; at corner of 
 Fort and Dearborn Ave. to 20 south. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves cor- 
 ner Baldwin and Champlain at 5:48 
 a. m. Last car at 11:28 p. m. First 
 car leaves Woodmere Cemetery at 
 6:12 a. m. Last car at 12 midnight. 
 Cars run every 12 minutes. 
 
 Night Service: Commencing at 12 
 midnight, cars run east and west be- 
 tween the City Hall and Woodmere 
 Cemetery every hour. No cars on 
 this line east of Woodward after 12 
 midnight. 
 
 I 9. Delray and Belle Isle Line. 
 
 From Belle Isle Bridge, corner of 
 Jefferson and the Boulevard, cars go 
 west on Jefferson to Helen, north on 
 Helen to Champlain, and thence over 
 the route of line 18 to Clark Ave., 
 south on Clark to River Road, west 
 on River Road to Delray and River 
 
 107 
 
Rouge. Cars return same route to 
 Fort St. West and thence over the 
 return route of line 18 to Field Ave., 
 south on Field to Jefferson Ave. and 
 Belle Isle Bridge. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves Belle 
 Isle Bridge at 5:42 a. m. Last car at 
 12:24 a. m. First car leaves River 
 Rouge at 6:05 a. m. Last car at 12 
 midnight. Cars run every 12 mins. 
 
 Night Service: Cars run east and 
 west between City Hall and Delray 
 every hour. No cars on this line east 
 of Woodward after 12 midnight. 
 
 20- Dearborn Avenue Line. 
 
 From corner of River Road and 
 Dearborn Ave., northwest on Dear- 
 born Ave. to Fort St. and Woodmere 
 Cemetery. Cars return same route. 
 
 Transfers are given to and received 
 from lines 18 and 19. 
 
 Day Service: First car leaves the 
 River Road at 6:30 a. m. Last car at 
 11 p. m. 
 
 No Night Service. 
 
 SUBURBAN LINES. 
 
 The Rapid Railway — Mt. Clemens. 
 
 Cars start from the Michigan Cen- 
 tral Depot, corner of Jefferson and 
 Third, and run east on Jefferson to 
 Woodward, north on Woodward to 
 Monroe, east on Monroe to Randolph, 
 north on Randolph to Gratiot, north 
 on Gratiot to Greiner, Roseville, Mid- 
 way Park, Halfway and Mt. Clemens. 
 Length of line is 17 miles. 
 
 Summer Time Table: The first car 
 leaves M. C. R. R. Depot at 7 a. m. Cars 
 leave every 30 mins. thereafter till last 
 
 108 
 
car at 11 p. m. First car leaves Mt. 
 Clemens at 6:32 a. m. Cars leave 
 every 30 mins. thereafter till last car 
 at 11:32 p. m. The run from city hall, 
 Detroit, to Mt. Clemens is 1 hour. The 
 fare from Detroit to Greiner is 10 
 cents; to Roseville, Midway Park and 
 Halfway, 15 cents; to Mt. Clemens, 25 
 cents. 
 
 Baggage and express are taken on 
 certain trains. 
 
 During the summer of 1899 the line 
 is to be extended from Mt. Clemens to 
 Marine City and Port Huron, along 
 St. Clair river. 
 
 Wyandotte & Detroit River Railway. 
 
 Cars start from the City Hall, De- 
 troit, and run west on Fort and south 
 on the River Road to River Rouge, 
 Ecorce, Wyandotte, Sibley's and Tren- 
 ton. Return same route. 
 
 Time Table: On every day except- 
 ing Saturday and Sunday, commencing 
 at 6 a. m., cars leave the City Hall 
 every 30 mins., until last car at 11:30 
 p. m. Cars leave Trenton for De- 
 troit, commencing at 6:15 a. m., every 
 30 mins., until last car at 11:15 p. m. 
 The first car leaving Wyandotte for 
 Detroit starts from there at 6 a. m. 
 
 On Saturday and Sunday cars rui 
 every 20 mins. and first car leave3 
 Trenton 6 a. m. 
 
 On Sunday the first car for Trento:! 
 leaves City Hall at 7:40 a. m. 
 
 The run from City Hall to Wyar- 
 dotte is 1 hour; to Trenton 1 hour and 
 10 minutes. 
 
 The fare to Trenton and return is 
 35 cents; to Wyandotte and return, 
 25 cents. 
 
 109 
 
Detroit & Pontiac Railway. 
 
 Cars start from foot of Woodward 
 Ave., Detroit, run north on Woodward 
 to Highland Park, Palmer Park, 
 Royal Oak, Birmingham and Pontiac. 
 Cars return same route. The distance 
 from City Hall to Royal Oak is 12 
 miles, to Birmingham 17 miles, to 
 Pontiac 25 miles. 
 
 Time Table: The first car leaves 
 foot of Woodward Ave. at 6 a. m, next 
 car at 7 a. m.; and cars leave that 
 point every half-hour thereafter until 
 the last cars at 10 and 11 p. m. The 
 run to Highland Park is 30 mins.; to 
 Palmer Park, 35 mins.; to Royal Oak, 
 50 mins.; to Birmingham, 1 hr. 5 
 mins.; to Pontiac, ] hr, 26 mins. 
 
 The first car for Detroit starts from 
 Birmingham at 5:55 a. m., leaves 
 Royal Oak at 6:10 a. m., and arrives 
 at foot of Woodward Ave. at 7 a. m. 
 The first car leaving Pontiac for De- 
 troit starts at 6:30 a. m., the next at 
 7:30 a. m., and cars leave every 30 
 mins thereafter until the last cars at 
 9:30 and 10:30 p. m. 
 
 Cars start one hour later on Sunday 
 mornings. 
 
 The Detroit Citizens' Street Rail- 
 way Company operates the cars and 
 collects the fares between Detroit 
 and Palmer Park. The fare for this 
 distance is five (5) cents in cash, pro- 
 vided the passenger pays this amount 
 on one of the Detroit and Pontiac Ry. 
 Co.'s cars. Should the passenger pay 
 ticket fare, or ride in another car and 
 transfer, an additional fare is col- 
 lected. 
 
 The fares on this Company's line 
 are as follows: From Palmer Park to 
 Eight-Mile Road, 5 cents; to Royal 
 
 110 
 
Oak, 5 cents; to Birmingham, 10 cents; 
 to Circle, 15 cents; to Pontiac, 20 
 cents. From Detroit to Pontiac, 25 
 cents. 
 
 Detroit, Ypsilanti & Ann Arbor Railway. 
 
 Cars start from the waiting room, 
 111 Griswold street, and run down 
 Griswold to Atwater, to Woodward, to 
 Michigan avenue, and out Michigan 
 avenue to West Detroit, Dearborn, 
 Wayne, Denton, Sheldon's, Ypsilanti 
 , and Ann Arbor — a distance of 39 miles 
 traversed in about two hours. Com- 
 mencing at 6:30 a. m. the cars run 
 every half-hour until 7 p. m. and then 
 every hour until last car leaving De- 
 troit at 11 p. m. and last car leaving 
 Ann Arbor at 11:15 p. m. The fare 
 to Ann Arbor is 50 cents, one way, $1 
 round trip; to Ypsilanti 40 cents one 
 way, 80 cents round trip; to Wayne 25 
 cents one way, 40 cents round trip; to 
 Dearborn, 15 cents one way, 25 cents 
 round trip. Thousand-mile tickets are 
 sold for $10, thus making the rate to 
 Ann Arbor 40 cents. 
 
 The cars of this line connect at 
 Wayne with the 
 
 Detroit, Plymouth & Northville Ry. 
 
 Cars run from Wayne to Plymouth 
 every hour and a half, connecting with 
 the D., Y. & A. A. Ry. cars to and from 
 Detroit. During the summer (1899) 
 the line will be extended to Northville. 
 The fare, Detroit to Plymouth, is 30 
 cents each way; Wayne to Plymouth, 
 15 cents. 
 
 Ill 
 
Detroit, Lake Shore & Mt. Clemens R. R. 
 
 "SHORE LINE." 
 
 Cars start from corner of Griswold 
 and Fort streets and run south to Jef- 
 ferson avenue and out Jefferson to 
 Cottage Grove, Grosse Pointe, Clair- 
 view, Lakeside (McSweeney's), and Mt. 
 Clemens. At Lakeside a boat leaving 
 at 9 a, m. and 2 p. m. runs to St. Clair 
 Flats. 
 
 Cars run every 30 minutes. The trip 
 one way is 25^/4 miles and takes 1 hr. 
 20 min. The fare to Cottage Grove 
 and Grosse Pointe is 10 cents; to 
 Clairview 15 cents; to New Liverpool, 
 Lakeside and Mt. Clemens, 25 cents 
 The fare from Lakeside to St. Clair 
 Flats and return via boat is 25 cents. 
 
 Detroit & Northwestern Railway. 
 
 The cars of this line at present run 
 out Grand River avenue to Greenfield 
 and Sand Hill and it is expected that 
 during the summer of 1899 the line 
 will be extended to Farmington, with 
 a branch to Northville, and one to 
 Orchard Lake and Pontiac. 
 
 The run to Farmington is 17 miles 
 and the fares as follows: To Sand 
 Hill, 15 cents; to Farmington, Orchard 
 Lake and Pontiac, 25 cents; to North- 
 ville, 80 cents. 
 
 112 
 
Soldiers'. Monumeint, 
 
 CAMPUS MARTIUS. 
 
 113 
 
I# 
 
 ^BJj |i.nii.B.ii 
 
 
 Majestic Building. 
 114 
 
STRANGERS ^ m m 
 
 SHOULD VISIT 
 
 Sanders' 
 
 Palace of Sweets 
 
 and take home a box of our celebrated 
 Candies for their loved ones at home. 
 
 ICE CREAM, i Ai i A'X 
 
 ICE CREAM SODA, IZ|I'I4«^ 
 
 HOT COFFEE, CHOCOLATE, 1*7 i i A 
 
 BEEF TEA, SANDWICHES, Etc. Woodward AVC. 
 FINE CHOCOLATES, 
 
 FINE CANDIES. DETROIT. 
 
 115 
 
Mfi 
 
 it- 
 
 T^t 
 
 ^v- 
 
 €IH 
 
 R i •* 
 
 ^m 
 
 HB^ ^ »Hi 
 
 ^1 11 
 
 iP" 
 
 
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 .jV"??! 
 
 116 
 
The Standar d » 
 
 ^1 i^^j Life and Accident 
 
 Incorporated ^^^^ InsuFdnce Company 
 
 1884. 
 
 ^*"^'' OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 D. M. FERRY, President. 
 
 C. C. BOWEN, Vice-President. E. A LEONARD, Secretary. 
 
 GEO. H. HOPKINS, 2nd Vice-Pres. M. W. O'BRIEN, Treasurer. 
 
 WM. C. MAYBURY, Managing Director. 
 
 ISS^CT^S 
 
 Personal, Accident and Sickness Insurance 
 
 COVERING INDIVIDUALS IN ALL VOCATIONS OF LIFE. 
 
 AND 
 
 Liability Insurance 
 
 FOR EMPLOYERS OF LABOR, . . . MERCHANTS, . . . CONTRACTORS, 
 
 MANUFACTURERS, 
 OWNERS OF TEAMS AND ELEVATORS, 
 
 Which protects the Insured from Suits for Damages for injuries to persons. 
 RATES GRADED ACCORDING TO THE HAZARD. 
 
 J. T. PATTON. State A^ent, - - 51 Home Bank Building. Detroit. 
 
 117 
 
CQ 
 
 O 
 
 u 
 
 118 
 
J. M. SEGUR, 
 
 Dentist. 
 
 3r 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 j2JD ^?s£^ ^Rs2J9 ^^\2LS ^RsSJD ^'^^sSLS ^N9L 
 '"JSiCo "vSCo °'jS,^ 'vSCo ^y^tCo v^Co 'v^'C*^ 
 o 
 
 IN FILLING, 
 
 The Horton Electric Obtundin^ 
 Process is used for excavating 
 cavities, by which the PAIN and 
 UNPLEASANTNESS in the 
 OPERATION are avoided. The 
 current is so faint the PATIENT 
 DOES NOT FEEL IT in the 
 SLIGHTEST DEGREE, and yet 
 it is so applied as to prevent 
 ALL PAIN. 
 
 **}2iCo ®JS^ V2iC^ ^J^C^ ^J^Oi ''J^i'Co ^JSOi 
 oXD (40*0 (5 o 
 
 235 Woodward A venues 
 corner of Clifford Street, 
 
 All kinds of 
 
 PLATE, CROWN AND 
 BRIDGE WORK DONE. 
 
 References if desired, 
 
 Appointments made by 
 'Phone, 
 
 Old 'Phone 3098 
 New " 1692 
 
 119 
 
Chamber of Commerce, 
 
 CORNER GRISWOLD AND STATE STREETS. 
 
 120 
 
IVI 
 
 THE 
 
 AVEINIU 
 
 When you want to buy anything in the Jewelry or 
 Novelty lines. You may save from 10 to 15 per 
 cent by doing so. Our Store is on State, right 
 across from the Chamber of Commerce. *. •. *. 
 
 Trading Stamps given. 
 
 HUGH CONNOLLY, 
 
 cor, State and Gr is wold. 
 
 F=>£RHAF>S 
 YOU 
 
 HAV 
 
 tried a dozen or more Eye Glasses 
 and not one would hold. •. •. *. 
 
 NOTE THE LADY. 
 
 She has JOHNSTON FAN GUARD 
 Eye Glass and one of the Unbreak- 
 able Cords. For Comfort, Ease 
 and Satisfaction this Guard takes 
 the lead, if you have trouble with 
 your eyes, consult 
 
 CONNOL 
 
 Consultation free. 
 
 Cor, State and Griswold, Detroit, 
 
 Editorial Note. 
 
 I recommend my friends to try Mr. Connolly and be convinced 
 of his courtesy and reliability. 
 
 121 
 
Public Library, 
 
 GKATIOT AVENUF, JUST EAST OF WOODWARD AVENUE. 
 
 100 
 
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 128 
 
'^^•^^;%»«- 
 
 Y. M. C. A. Building, 
 
 COKNF.R GRAND RIVER AVENUE AND GRISWOLD STREET. 
 
 124 
 
PARISIAN 
 
 STEAM 
 
 LAUNDRY CO. 
 
 4I™49 
 
 GRAND RIVER AVENUE 
 
 Cor. Washington Avenue. 
 
 •• CAREFULNESS and 
 PROMPTNESS" has 
 been our motto for 
 over 20 years. A trial 
 will insure a steady 
 customer. 
 
 The largest establishment 
 
 of the kind in 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 Both 'Phones 
 
 321 
 
 Editorial Note. 
 
 The extensive and costly apparatus used in this estabhshment, 
 and the cleanliness and care that a personal inspection makes mani- 
 fest are such as to leave nothing to be desired. 
 
 135 
 
Oriental Hotel and Turkish Bath Room, 
 
 FARRAR STREFT. 
 
 126 
 
oihie:f^A'3 
 
 I Blricntalfilotel 
 
 ABSOLUTELY FIRE^PROOF, 
 
 EUROPEAN PLAN. 
 FOR MEN ON LY. 
 
 00 Rooms. 
 
 Rates, $1.00 and $1.50 per day, 
 
 Including privilege of 
 Shower, Needle and 
 Plunge Baths. 
 
 Bath Robes Furnished Free. 
 
 First=Class Cafe. 
 
 IN CONNECTION, 
 
 The Finest Turkish and [Russian Baths in the World. 
 
 LADIES' BATHS OPEN DAILY EXCEPT SUNDAY, 
 
 OPEN DAY AND NIGHT. 
 
 Public Library Square, DETROIT, Mich. 
 
 127 
 
 G. CHIERA. Propr. 
 
Telephone Building, 
 
 CORNER CLIFFORD STREET AND WASHINGTON AVENUE, 
 
 The Home of the Sprague Correspondence School of Law. 
 
 128 
 
STUDY LAW 
 AT HOME. 
 
 A PLAIN, COMPREHENSIVE, SUCCESSFUL A\ETHOD 
 OF STUDYING LAW OUTSIDE OF THE REGULAR 
 LAW SCHOOLS, IS OFFERED BY 
 
 The Spraguc Correspondency School of Law, 
 
 DETROIT, MICH. 
 
 D 
 
 HIS School is the oldest School in its line in the world j 
 now in its 9th year- It has educated men for the bar 
 in every State in the U, S., and has scores of students 
 in foreign countries. 
 
 It stands to-'day as the most successful Correspondence 
 School in any one line in the world. 
 
 Any one can profitably pursue its courses, of which there 
 are three ; A regular College course ; a Business Law course j 
 and a Preparatory Law course. 
 
 The School has recently offered widely throughout the 
 country a prize of $50 to the first one reporting a case of one 
 of its graduates failing to pass an examination for admission to 
 the bar and as yet no one has been able to bring a case, 
 
 You will be interested in seeing the Catalogue of this 
 School, Write for it ! it costs nothing. If in Detroit, call and 
 look us over. Address 
 
 SPRAGUE CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL OF LAW. 
 
 One block from Y. M. C. A. Bldg. 
 One block from Woodward Ave. 
 One block from Grand Circus Park. 
 
 3d Floor Telephone Bldg., 
 
 Head of Griswold Street, 
 
 DETROIT, MICH. 
 
 129 
 
Scenes at Fort Wayme, 
 
 THREE MILES DOWN THE RIVER. 
 
 130 
 

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Union Trust Building, 
 
 NORTHEAST CORNER GRISWOLD AND CONGRESS STREETS. 
 
 132 
 
The effort to maintain 
 
 and provide for the family extends beyond a man's death. Men 
 who have devoted their lives to acquiring a competence for their 
 families, are beginning to realize that it is quite as important to 
 preserve the results of their labor to their wives and children, as 
 it is to acquire that competence in the first place. Large estates are 
 sometimes frittered away and wholly lost by reason of incompC'' 
 tent or unfaithful management on the part of administrators and 
 executors. Too often administrators are appointed whose service 
 proves to be, not as Lord Bacon's maxim expresses it, " for the relief 
 of man's estate," but rather for relieving man of his estate. The 
 Court records afford many melancholy examples of the fact that a large 
 proportion of the estates administered by individuals suffer either 
 from mismanagement, dishonesty, incompetency or extravagance, 
 
 Che ^IlnionCrust Company, l-^-::;-!:^^^^^^^ 
 
 the transaction of all kinds of trust business at as favorable rates 
 as similar companies or individuals. Information as to the descent 
 and distribution of real and personal estate under the laws of Mich^ 
 igan, as to the making and care of wills, and as to the transaction 
 of trust business, either general or specific, may be had upon appli'' 
 cation in person, or by letter, at the general offices of the Company 
 in the Union Trust Building, Detroit, Michigan. 
 
 133 
 
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 134 
 
135 
 
Municipal Building, 
 
 CORNER CLINTON AND RAYNOR STREETS. 
 
 136 
 
DiEmRomrfi 
 
 wmmaa^mm^ 
 
 FACULTY: 
 
 Hon. Charles D. Long, .... President. 
 
 (Justice of the Supreme Court of Michigan.) 
 
 Philip T. Van Zile, LL. D., Dean. 
 William L. Carpenter, LL. B. 
 Alfred Russell, LL. D. 
 Fred A. Baker. 
 George S. Hosmer. 
 R. A. Parker, LL. B. 
 Willard M. Lillibridge, a. M. 
 Jasper C. Gates, A. M., LL. B. 
 
 Ellsha a. Fraser, a. M. 
 Frank E. Robson, B. S., LL. B. 
 John W. Beaumont, B. S., LL. B. 
 John G. Hawley, A. B. 
 Edgar O. Durfee. 
 John C. Shaw, LL. B. 
 H. H. Hatch, LL. B. 
 William H. Wetherbee, LL. B. 
 
 Three Years Course, leading to 
 the degree of LL. B. 
 
 DIPLOMA ADMITS TO THE BAR 
 
 Next Session commences 
 September 18. 1899. 
 
 The city furnishes opportunities for 
 obtaining employment to defray 
 expenses while attending college. 
 
 For further information, address 
 
 MALCOLM McGregor, Secretary, 
 
 66 Home Bank Building. 
 
 137 
 
 DETROIT. MICH. 
 
Harmonie Hall and Club House, 
 
 CO:^NER WILCOX AND CENTRE STREETS. 
 
 188 
 
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 140 
 
Detroit College of Medicine 
 
 Board of Trustees. 
 
 Hun. SIDNEY D. MILLER Pkesident. 
 
 ERNEST L. SHURLY, M. D., .... Vice-President. 
 
 H. O. WALKEK, M. I) SECRETARY. 
 
 Gen'I, LUTHER S.TROWBRIDGE, . TREASURER AND PURVEYOR. 
 
 R H. FYFE. CHARLES DOUGLAS, M D. 
 
 WILLIAM C.WILLIAMS. S. M. CUFCHEON. 
 
 THEO. A. MCGRAW, M. D. DANIEL I CAMPAU. 
 
 J. B. BOOK, M. I). FRANCIS" F. PALMS. 
 
 J. N. CAKSTENS, M. D. E. H. HUTLER. 
 
 Dr. THEO. A. McGRAW, President of Faculty. 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE. 
 
 Course of study Four Years. Unexcelled clinical facilities in the 
 large Hospitals— Harper's and St. Mary's. Also for Obstetrical 
 Practice, complete Chemical, Histological, Physiological, Patho- 
 logical, Bacteriological and Anatomical Laboratories. Practice 
 in Hospital Dispensaries. 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF DENTAL SURGERY, 
 
 Course of study Three Years. All requirements the same as 
 required by State Board of Examiners. Laboratory and Clin- 
 ical work required. 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY, 
 
 Course of study Three Years, being one year Practical Work and 
 Two Courses of Lectures. Complete Chemical and Pharma- 
 ceutical Laboratories. 
 
 For catalogues and other information concerning 
 any of the departments address 
 
 H. 0. WALKER, M. D., Secretary, 
 
 27 Adams Avenue East, Detroit, Mich. 
 
 141 
 
o 
 
 142 
 
Lighthouse in Artificial Lake. 
 
 PALMER PARK. 
 
 148 
 
Club House of Detroit Wheelmen, 
 
 5 3-)) ADAMS AVENUE EAST. 
 
 144 
 
AT THE TOP OF THE 
 LADDER 
 
 Top-'notch printing is none too good for anybody. 
 
 Printing that isn't worth doing well isn't worth doing at all. 
 
 Poor printing will throw cold water on the best business prop^ 
 osition ever made. 
 
 Good printing will enthuse people who are interested, and set 
 even the uninterested to thinking. 
 
 We are top'-notch printers — none better in America, The 
 wastebasket never gets our work. 
 
 We do a lot of it, but we want to do a lot more. 
 
 We have the facilities. Our men, our type and our presses 
 arc the best money can secure, 
 
 If you want good, clean, dignified, striking, business^bringlng 
 printing, bring it here. 
 
 Books and other big jobs are what we want most. 
 
 We do our work quickly as well as well. You'll get your job 
 when it's promised. 
 
 Our bills arc always right, 
 
 JOHN F. EBY 6 COMPANY 
 
 65-67-69 Congress Street West, DETROIT. MICHIGAN 
 
 CHAS. J. JOHNSON, General Manager. 'Phone 291— both lines 
 
 145 
 
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 CQ 
 
 
 146 
 
Christ Episcopal Church, 
 
 JEFFERSON AVENUE, BETWEEN HASTINGS AND RIVARD STREETS. 
 
 147 
 
Michigan Central Depot, 
 
 FOOT THIRD STREET. 
 
 148 
 
M ichigan ( Tentr al 
 
 Copyright, ISOr.. 
 ByU W. Kii 
 G. P.& XrAgt 
 
 FROM DETROIT 
 
 To BUFFALO, NEW YORK, BOSTON and the East; 
 To GRAND RAPIDS, CHICAGO and the West; 
 To TOLEDO, PITTSBURG, COLUMBUS, CINCINNATI, LOUISVILLE and South- 
 To the SAGINAW VALLEY, MACKINAW and the North. 
 
 The Great Summer Tourist Route 
 
 To the THOUSAND ISLANDS, ST. LAWRENCE RIVER, ADIRONDACKS, 
 
 SARATOGA SPRINGS, WHITE MOUNTAINS and 
 
 NEW ENGLAND COAST. 
 
 1II^"Send Stamp for Illustrated ''Summer Tours.'" 
 
 City Office 
 O. W. RUGGLES, 
 
 No. I Opera House Block, . . . Detroit. 
 
 ,, , JOS. S. HALL. 
 
 Gen 1 Pass r and Tkt. Ag't, Chicago. Dist. Pass'r Ag't, Detroit. 
 
 149 
 
> 
 
 i- 
 5 
 
 :5 
 
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 150 
 
For a SUMMER CRUISE take the 
 
 COAST LINE TO MACKINAC 
 
 NEW STEEL 
 PASSENGER 
 STEAMERS 
 
 COMFORT, 
 SPEED 
 
 and SAFETY 
 
 The Greatest Perfection yet attained in Boat Construction — Luxurious 
 Equipment, Artistic Furnishing, Decoration and Efficient Service 
 
 TO Detroit, piaGRiqao, Geoigian Bag, PetosReg, GUioap 
 
 No other I^ine offers a panorama of 460 miles of equal variety and interest. 
 Four Trips per Week Between Day and Night Service Between 
 
 DETROIT AND CLEVELAND 
 
 Fare, $1,50 "^^^^ Direction. 
 Berths, 7sc., $1. Stateroom, $i.75; 
 
 Connections are made at Cleveland with 
 Earliest Trains for all points East, South 
 and Southwest, and at Detroit for all 
 points North and Northwest. 
 SundayTripsJune.July, Aug., Sep., Oct. Only 
 
 Toledo, Detroit and Mackinac 
 
 PETOSKEY, "the SOO," MARQUETTE 
 AND DULUTH. 
 
 LOW RATES to Picturesque Mackinac 
 and Return, including Meals and Berths. 
 ApproximateCostfrom Cleveland, $19.50 
 from Toledo, $16.25; itrom Detroit, $13 75 
 
 Every Day and Night Between 
 
 Cleveland, PvLt^in-Bay and. Toledo. 
 
 ^'^^'i^^i^^'^t^.^^^ft'ii.oa^moH. oeiroi! onii cieveionfl Nouigoiion conDony. 
 
 151 
 
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 —"--"- "-■■-'■'*"■ ...j^iBfcitejteii, „ --■■'::.::'. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Water Works. 
 
 FOUR MILES OUT JEFFERSON AVENUE. 
 
 154 
 
General Grant's Old Detroit Home, 
 
 2^3 FORT STREET EAST. 
 
 155 
 
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 156 
 

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Masonic Temple, 
 
 CORNER LAFAYETTE AVENUE AND FIRST STREET. 
 
 161 
 
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 162 
 
Nothing Like EXPERIENCE 
 
 "Experience is a good teacher," and the excellent busi- 
 ness education acquired by the students of the Gutchess 
 College is but another proof of this adage. This is prop- 
 erly a school of business experience, for here the pupil's time 
 is occupied not so much with theory and text books as with 
 actual transaction of business as it is carried on to-day in 
 foremost mercantile concerns of the country. Every com- 
 mercial school has its own methods, and the Gutchess Cob 
 lege has the best — best because the most practical — the 
 most reliable — the most mod- 
 ern — the one that gives students 
 the most thorough knowledge of 
 business; qualifies them to ac- 
 ceptably fill positions immedi- 
 ately upon graduation. 
 
 No other school is so well 
 equipped for the education, com- 
 fort, welfare, convenience and contentment of its pupils. 
 Day and evening sessions — same teachers and studies at 
 both. If you can't favor us with a visit, please write for 
 full particulars , 
 
 FACULTY. 
 
 Stephen D. Gutchess. 
 
 Randolph B. Seymour, A. M. 
 
 Edwin M. Williams. 
 
 w. s. osborn. 
 
 Sara A. Gutchess. 
 
 Henry C. Walters, LL. B. 
 
 William Elsey. 
 
 Templeton p. Twiggs, LL. B. 
 
 Anna Williams. 
 
 Dora MacLauchlin. 
 
 Barr Flemming. 
 
 Criswold and Grand River, DETROIT, MICH. 
 
 163 
 
"At Home" in Bear Pit, Belle Isle Park. 
 
 164 
 
Where TO Trade : 
 
 Silks. 
 
 Wool Dress Goods. 
 
 Washable Fabrics. 
 
 Table Linens. 
 
 Gloves. 
 
 Hosiery. 
 
 Laces. 
 
 Men's Furnishings. 
 
 Ladies' Furnishings. 
 
 Millinery. 
 
 I Dry Goods Exclusively I 
 
 L. A. Smith & Go. 
 
 I68-I7O Woodward 
 and 5 Gratiot Aves. 
 
 ^WORD 
 
 to tourists, excursionists and the 
 temporary sojourner; 
 
 the permanent resident 
 knows — 
 
 TRADES WITH US. 
 
 Ladies' Tailors, Dress and Cloak Makers, 
 
 And the Condiments Thereto. 
 
 LA CHyilTH X* r*f\ Agents for the celebrated Dr. JAEGER 
 . M. .3iyil M I <X VvVJ., and YPSILANTI UNDERWEAR. 
 
 165 
 
Woodward Avenue Baptist Church, 
 
 CORNER WOOUWARD AVENUE AND WINDER STREET. 
 
 166 
 
Central M. E. Church, 
 
 CORNER WOODWARD AND ADAMS AVENUES 
 
 167 
 
EvACUATiois Day Tablet on Fort Street Entrance of Postoffice. 
 
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North'East Side Belle Isle. 
 
 Detroit Boat Club 
 
 View of Belle Isle from Detroit, 
 
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 175 
 

 The Lewis Phono-Metric Institute and School for Stammerers, 
 
 37 TO 41 ADfLAIDE STREET. 
 
 176 
 
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Loup Canal, Belle Isle. 
 
 Police Station, Belle Isle. 
 
 Detroit Yacht Club. 
 
Pavilion on Belle Isle, Looking North. 
 
 Belle Isle Bridge to Detroit, Looking Northerly. 
 
 Light House on Belle Isle. 
 
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 180 
 
Central Christian Church, 
 
 CORNEH SECOND AVENUE AND LEDVARD STKEET. 
 
 181 
 
River Drive Looking Westward, 
 Belle Isle. 
 
 Belle Isle Bath Houses. 
 
 
 Looking Down Central Ave. 
 from Casino. 
 
St. Clair Flats Canal. 
 
 Deer Park, Belle Isle. 
 
 Fountain, Grand Circus Park, 
 
City Electric Lighting PLA^T, 
 
 24 ATWATER STREET EAST. 
 
 184 
 
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 185 
 
ScEiNE AT Foot of Woodward Avenue Where the Ferries Land. 
 
 186 
 
Cadillac Square, 
 
 SHOWING CITY HALL AND MAJESTIC BUILDING. 
 
 18" 
 
First Presbyterian Church, 
 
 CORNER WOODWARD AVENUE AND EDIVIUND PLACE. 
 
 188 
 
First Congregational Church, 
 
 CORNER WOODWARD AND FOREST AVENUES. 
 
 189 
 
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 190 
 
Protestant Orphan Asylum, 
 
 988 JEFFERSON AVENUE. 
 
 191 
 
192 
 
Fire Department Headquarters, 
 
 CORNER LAUNED AND WAYNE STREETS. 
 
 193 
 
AN HISTORICAL CALENDAR 
 
 EVENTFUL DETROIT DATES- 
 
 Copyright, 1899, by Silas Farmer. 
 
 A SUGGESTION TO CITIZENS AND TISITORS. 
 
 Notice what anniversaries of local events occur on dates of 
 personal interest. Mark them, and in after years the individual 
 value of each souvenir will be greatly increased: 
 
 January 1, 1803. PostofRce established at Detroit. 
 
 1842. The entire block between Woodward Ave- 
 nue and Griswold Street, Jefferson Ave- 
 nue and Woodbridge Street, was burned. 
 
 184(). Wales Hotel opened. 
 
 1851. State Constitution of 1850 becomes opera- 
 tive. 
 
 1853. "Advertiser" first printed on steam cyl- 
 inder press. 
 
 1867. Laying of third rail on G. W. R. R. com- 
 pleted. Freight cars first transported by 
 boats across the river. 
 
 1876. Ushering in of centennial year by general 
 ringing of bells at midnight; all public 
 and many private buildings illuminated. 
 
 1882. The first through train arrived at Mar- 
 quette from Mackinaw. 
 
 1886. Great fire burns Ferry's Seed Warehouse. 
 White's Theatre and other buildings. 
 Loss, $2,000,000. 
 
 1890. Exhibition of Natural Gas burning in 
 West Grand Circus Park. 
 
 1893. Trinity Episcopal Church consecrated. 
 January 2, 1819. Bank of Michigan began business. 
 
 1862. Ordinance requiring fees from all market- 
 wagons passed. 
 
 194 
 
1882. 
 
 January 3, 1814. 
 1894. 
 
 January 4, 1837. 
 
 1867. 
 1880. 
 
 January 5. 1838. 
 
 1892. 
 January 6, 1839. 
 
 January 7, 1834. 
 
 1877. 
 
 January 8, 1831. 
 
 1861. 
 
 1883. 
 
 January 9, 1831. 
 1853. 
 
 January 10, 1854. 
 
 1870. 
 January 11, 1805. 
 
 1835, 
 1867. 
 
 First sitting of three judges instead of one 
 in Circuit Court. 
 
 Gov. Hull's trial at Albany, began. 
 
 Hinchman's drug establishment burned. 
 Loss, $250,000. 
 
 The Free Press office and several other 
 buildings on northeast corner of Jeffer- 
 son Avenue and Shelby Street were 
 burned. 
 
 Fire alarm telegraph first tested. 
 
 Rev. George F. Pentecost's revival meet- 
 ings began. 
 
 Two hundred stands of arms seized at the 
 jail by those in sympathy with Canadian 
 Patriots. 
 
 Chamber of Commerce organized. 
 
 Schooner "Ann" seized by the so-called 
 Canadian Patriots. 
 
 Bishop Frederick Rese, first Roman Cath- 
 olic Bishop of the diocese of Detroit, ar- 
 rived. 
 
 Memorial service, in memory of P. P. Bliss, 
 at Whitney Opera House. 
 
 The Governor and Judges forward their 
 plan of city to Congress. 
 
 Salute of 100 guns in honor of Major An- 
 derson. 
 
 Burning of the Telegraph Block and nar- 
 row escape of Western Union Telegraph 
 operators. 
 
 Daily mails from the East began. 
 
 First brick Lutheran Church on Monroe 
 Avenue dedicated. 
 
 B^'irst Presbyterian Church burned and 
 half the block between Larned Street 
 and Jefferson Avenue up to the Boston 
 Store. 
 
 Citizens vote $300,000 in aid of Detroit, 
 Lansing & Northern Railroad. 
 
 Michigan Territory created. Detroit, by 
 Act of Congress, declared the seat of the 
 territorial government. 
 
 First brick Baptist Church dedicated. 
 
 Ristori performs in Detroit. 
 
 195 
 
January 12, 1852. 
 
 1881. 
 January 13, 1861. 
 
 1882. 
 
 January 14, 1799. 
 
 1818. 
 January 15, 1842. 
 
 1843. 
 
 January 16, 1881. 
 1891. 
 
 January 17, 1859. 
 
 January, 18, 
 
 1802, 
 1833, 
 1854, 
 1876. 
 
 
 1883, 
 
 
 1893, 
 
 January 19, 
 
 1860, 
 1877, 
 
 An immense meeting asks for release of 
 O'Brien, Mitchell, and Meagher, the Irish 
 Patriots. 
 
 The boiler at Union Mills exploded, and 
 three persons were killed. 
 
 Westminster Church, on Washington Ave- 
 nue, dedicated. 
 
 The jury in the libel suit of Hugh S. Peo- 
 ples against the Evening News, for in- 
 timating that he was accessory to the 
 murder of Martha Whitla, bring in a ver- 
 dict for the defense. Peoples was sub- 
 sequently tried for the murder and ac- 
 quitted. 
 
 Election of members of Northwest Assem- 
 bly at Detroit. 
 
 Lyceum of the city of Detroit organized. 
 
 The ordinance prescribing the price of 
 bread was repealed. 
 
 Funeral service in honor of ex-Governor 
 Stevens T. Mason at Episcopal Church. 
 Large procession of military and civil 
 officers. He died in New York on Jan- 
 uary 4. 
 
 Clinton Avenue Memorial Presbyterian 
 Church dedicated. 
 
 Citizens' Street Railway announced that it 
 would no longer sell six tickets for a 
 quarter. 
 
 Grand celebration on the occasion of the 
 opening of the G. W. R. R.; immense 
 procession; dinner at M. C. R. R. Depot. 
 
 Town of Detroit incorporated. 
 
 Young Men's Society organized. 
 
 Daily Enquirer first issued. 
 
 The Supreme Court decides the liquor tax 
 law constitutional. 
 
 Day Nursery and Kindergarten Associa- 
 tion building opened. 
 
 Citizens' Street Railway demands five-cent 
 fares. 
 
 Midnight procession of the Sons of Malta. 
 
 Woman's Christian Temperance Restau- 
 rant opened in Y. M. C. A. Building. 
 
 196 
 
January 
 
 20, 
 
 1837. 
 187G. 
 
 January 
 
 21, 
 
 1887. 
 1893. 
 
 January 
 
 22, 
 
 1812. 
 
 1854. 
 1877. 
 1881. 
 
 January 
 
 23, 
 
 1825. 
 1847. 
 
 1852. 
 1884. 
 
 January 
 
 24, 
 
 1838. 
 
 January 
 
 25, 
 
 1859. 
 
 1860. 
 1865. 
 
 January 
 
 26. 
 
 1837. 
 
 January 
 
 27. 
 
 1875, 
 1893 
 
 January 
 
 28, 
 
 1838, 
 
 The first locomotive in Michigan arrived 
 at Toledo. 
 
 Woman's Hospital on Thirteenth Street 
 dedicated. 
 
 Governor Alger distributes flour and food 
 to 500 poor families. 
 
 New Union Depot opened for inspection. 
 
 Several earthquake shocks were felt in this 
 city, — the severest of which was on the 
 24th, at about seven o'clock in the evening. 
 
 M. C. R. R. passenger office burned. 
 
 Public Library building dedicated. 
 
 The State Telephone System went into 
 operation. 
 
 First Protestant Society reorganized and 
 becomes a Presbyterian Church. 
 
 Rev. Prof. Finney was here for the week 
 ending January 23; he preached in the 
 Congregational Church every evening. 
 
 Michigan Central car manufacturing shops 
 burned. 
 
 Annual meeting of Grand Army of the Re- 
 public. 
 
 The Michigan Insurance Company Bank 
 began business. 
 
 Centennial celebration of Burns' birthday. 
 Dinner at the Exchange, and a supper 
 and toasts at the Biddle House. 
 
 Michigan State Retreat for the Insane 
 opened. 
 
 State convention of colored men assembled 
 at Second Baptist Church to petition 
 Legislature to grant the right of suf- 
 frage. 
 
 The State was fully and formally admitted 
 by Congress. 
 
 Woman's State Christian Temperance 
 meeting. 
 
 Old Capitol, occupied by the High School, 
 burned. 
 
 Steamboat Robert Fulton arrived from 
 Buffalo with three companies of soldiers 
 to preserve peace in connection with so- 
 called Patriot war. 
 
 197 
 
1861. 
 January 29, 1796. 
 
 1827. 
 
 1835. 
 1863. 
 
 1869. 
 
 January 30, 1860. 
 
 January 
 
 31, 
 
 1876. 
 1885. 
 
 February 
 
 1, 
 
 1813. 
 
 1851. 
 18G6. 
 
 February 
 
 2, 
 
 1883. 
 1704. 
 
 February 
 
 3, 
 
 1838, 
 1869. 
 1838. 
 
 1859 
 
 February 
 
 4, 
 
 1799. 
 
 February 
 
 5, 
 
 1825. 
 1857, 
 1894 
 
 February 
 
 6, 
 
 1870, 
 
 Great. Union meeting at City Hall. 
 
 English Court of General Quarter Sessions 
 held its last session in Detroit. 
 
 Inhabitants of Territory authorized to 
 elect members of the Legislative Coun- 
 cil. 
 
 Oflice of County Register created. 
 
 Meat market licenses reduced from $50 to 
 $5.00. 
 
 Meeting of citizens vote to raise $100,000 
 in aid of Detroit, Hillsdale & Southwest- 
 ern R. R. 
 
 New PostofRce building, corner of Gris- 
 wold and Larned Streets, formally 
 opened. 
 
 Union Fair in Mechanics' Building. 
 
 Capitol grounds (now Capitol Park) ceded 
 to Board of Education by United States. 
 
 Colonel Proctor orders prominent Ameri- 
 cans to leave Detroit. 
 
 Fine Art Exhibition at Firemen's Hall. 
 
 Detroit Fire and Marine Insurance Com- 
 panj^ organized. 
 
 Clearing House established. 
 
 Baptism of first white child, a daughter of 
 Cadillac. 
 
 M. C. R. R. opened to Kalamazoo. 
 
 Detroit Medical College opened. 
 
 M .C. R. R. opened to Ypsilanti. Large ex- 
 cursion party from Detroit dined at 
 Ypsilanti, etc. 
 
 Walter Harper provides for establishment 
 of Harper Hospital. 
 
 First session of General Assembly of 
 Northwest Territory began at Cincin- 
 nati. 
 
 Legislative council increased from nine to 
 thirteen members. 
 
 New city charter obtained; city much en- 
 larged. Recorder's Court created. 
 
 Vegetable market on what is now Cadillac 
 Square torn down. 
 
 Hamtramck Presbyterian Mission dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 198 
 
1877. 
 February 7, 1812. 
 
 1866. 
 
 1894. 
 
 February 8, 1881. 
 
 1895. 
 February 9, 1802. 
 
 1837. 
 
 1877. 
 
 February 10, 1855. 
 
 1882. 
 February 11, 1850. 
 
 1862. 
 February 12. 1885. 
 
 February 13, 1855. 
 
 188G. 
 February 14, 1840. 
 
 1853. 
 
 1876. 
 February 15, 1802. 
 
 Charity Ball for Relief and Aid Society. 
 
 An earthquake shock startled the citizens 
 of Detroit. 
 
 General W. T. Sherman arrived; received 
 by a large number of citizens. 
 
 The Fellowcraft Club occupies the build- 
 ing corner Wilcox and Barclay Place, 
 formerly used by Catholic Club. 
 
 The Michigan Fire and Marine Insurance 
 Company was incorporated. 
 
 Second annual Newsboys' Banquet. 
 
 First session of Board of Trustees of De- 
 troit. James Henry made chairman. 
 
 Celebration in honor of admission of 
 State. Parade and illuminations. 
 
 Henry Ward Beecher lectured at Detroit 
 Opera House in the evening, and Dr. 
 Henry A. Reynolds, the Red Ribbon tem- 
 perance reformer, in St. Andrew's Hall. 
 
 River frozen over; a shanty erected at 
 middle of river for the sale of liquor. 
 
 Carlotta Patti sings in Detroit. 
 
 Pontiac R. R. on Gratiot Avenue for sec- 
 ond time torn up by citizens. 
 
 First French Baptist Church dedicated. 
 
 "Detroit" and "Michigan" Colleges of Med- 
 icine unite. 
 
 Legislature prohibits use of county jails 
 for the detention of fugitive slaves. 
 
 Public Library hereafter opened on Sun- 
 day. 
 
 The Fire Department Society was incor- 
 porated. 
 
 Board of Water Commissioners estab- 
 lished. 
 
 Y. M. C. A. Building on Farmer Street 
 dedicated. 
 
 A public meeting of freeholders and house- 
 keepers (a notice of which, written in 
 English and French, had previously been 
 posted on the engine house, and served 
 by reading on every housekeeper), was 
 held at Court House to make known the 
 Act of Incorporation. The Act was read 
 in English and then in French. 
 
 199 
 
1828. 
 
 1843. 
 
 1876. 
 February 16, 1819. 
 
 1857. 
 
 1873. 
 
 1894. 
 
 February 17, 
 
 1842. 
 1862. 
 
 
 1865. 
 1869. 
 
 February 18, 
 
 1891. 
 
 February 19, 
 
 1893. 
 1830. 
 1879, 
 
 February 20, 
 
 1849. 
 
 February 21, 
 
 1825. 
 
 February 22, 
 
 1849, 
 1895. 
 1832, 
 
 1839. 
 
 Meeting at Detroit to protest against or- 
 ganizing Lake Superior region into Ter- 
 ritory of Huron. 
 
 Arrival of General Cass from Europe. He 
 was escorted to the Exchange by mili- 
 tary and citizens and welcomed with an 
 address by the mayor. 
 
 Y. M. C. A. noon meetings began. 
 
 Congress provided for election of a con- 
 gressional delegate from Michigan. 
 
 General banking law passed by Legisla- 
 ture. 
 
 St. Paul's German Lutheran Church, cor- 
 ner Seventeenth and Rose Streets, dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 Farrand, Williams & Clark's store on 
 Woodward Avenue burned. Loss, $175,- 
 000. 
 
 The Board of Education was created. 
 
 Receipt of news of the victory at Fort 
 Donelson; procession in evening, illum- 
 inations, etc. 
 
 Paid hand fire engine companies disbanded. 
 
 Brick building for Brockway Mission dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 Sunday School convention for Eastern 
 Michigan, 
 
 Long distance telephone inaugurated. 
 
 First city temperance society organized. 
 
 Reception by Light Guard to Governor 
 Croswell at Opera House. Board of 
 Trade began to occupy building corner 
 Jefferson Avenue and Giswold Street. 
 
 City Limits extended to east line of Wood- 
 bridge Farm (near Trumbull avenue). 
 
 First ordinance establishing hydraulic 
 company passed. 
 
 Election of City Physicians provided for. 
 
 McKinley speaks at Michigan Club banquet. 
 
 The Common Council ordered a national 
 salute fired in honor of the centennial of 
 Washington's birthday. 
 
 The County Poor Farm in Nankin Town- 
 ship was purchased. 
 
 200 
 
1865. 
 
 February 23, 1802. 
 1892. 
 
 February 
 
 24, 
 
 1893. 
 1809. 
 
 1863. 
 
 1881. 
 
 1885. 
 
 February 
 
 25, 
 
 1838. 
 1847. 
 
 February 
 
 26, 
 
 1863. 
 
 1838. 
 1850. 
 
 1865. 
 
 187S. 
 
 1882. 
 
 1887. 
 February 27, 1820. 
 
 1854. 
 
 Board of Trade Building dedicated; ad- 
 dress by G. V. N. Lothrop; ball in the 
 evening. Concordia Society organized. 
 
 First regulations made for prevention of 
 fires. 
 
 Gov. McKinley (Ohio) speaks at Michigan 
 Club banquet. 
 
 Ex-President Cleveland stopped in the city 
 on his way east after speaking at Ann 
 Arbor. 
 
 Y. W. C. A. organized. 
 
 The Act incorporating the City of Detroit 
 was repealed. 
 
 Michigan divided into two judicial dis- 
 tricts. 
 
 Reception to Governor Jerome at Music 
 Hall, under auspices of the Detroit Light 
 Guard. 
 
 Rev. Geo. Worthington consecrated bishop 
 of Nebraska. 
 
 The Canadian government cannonade the 
 Patriots on Fighting Island. 
 
 Meeting in City Hall to devise means for 
 sending relief to the starving poor of 
 Ireland. 
 
 National bank system created. 
 
 General Scott arrived. 
 
 For several successive days the curiosity 
 of citizens was exercised in regard to a 
 man who paraded the principal streets 
 wearing a lady's long shawl, and there 
 was constant inquiry concerning the 
 "man with the shawl." 
 
 Sunday. Rev. E. P. Hammond began his 
 revival labors. 
 
 Merchants and Manufacturers' Exchange 
 organized. 
 
 Thirty-second Street German M. E. Church 
 dedicated. 
 
 Cyclorama of Battle of Atlanta opened. 
 
 First Protestant church within limits of 
 city dedicated. 
 
 The Transit, the first railroad ferry-boat, 
 made her trial trip. 
 
 301 
 
1884. 
 
 1896. 
 
 February 28, 1865. 
 
 1894. 
 
 February 29. 
 
 March 1, 184S. 
 
 March 2, 1799. 
 1846. 
 
 1892. 
 
 March 3, 1801. 
 1803. 
 
 1807. 
 1823. 
 
 1841. 
 
 1845. 
 1851. 
 1862. 
 
 M. S. Smith & Co.'s Automatic Clock un- 
 veiled. 
 
 Detroit White Lead and Color Works on 
 Jones Street burned. Loss, $50,000. 
 
 Freedman's Fair opened at Merrill Hall. 
 Board of Metropolitan Police Commis- 
 sioners created. 
 
 Student Volunteer Missionary convention 
 at Central M. E. Church. 
 
 It seems that nothing has happened on this 
 date except the improving of the usual 
 leap year opportunities. 
 
 First telegraph dispatch received from 
 New York. Horace Greeley here the 
 same day. 
 
 Great snow-storm, blocking trains, etc. 
 
 Detroit constituted a port of entry. 
 
 Local option law.- — Citizens vote against 
 licensing saloons. 
 
 Wm. Reid's glass establishment burned. 
 Loss, $170,000. 
 
 First post-road in Michigan established. 
 
 Present State of Michigan became part of 
 Indiana Territory. In this year troops 
 went from here to build first fort at what 
 is now Chicago, going overland under 
 command of Lieutenant J. S. Swearingen. 
 Captain .John Whistler, his wife, and 
 their son. G. W. Whistler, the subsequent 
 distinguished Russian engineer, went by 
 water on the schooner Tracey. 
 
 Congress disapproved of the chartering of 
 the Detroit Bank. 
 
 Congress limited term of Territorial 
 .Judges then in office to four years from 
 February 1, 1824. 
 
 The first appropriation for a survey of the 
 lakes was made by Congress. 
 
 Five-cent letter postage was provided for. 
 
 Three-cent letter postage provided for. 
 
 Explosion of J. H. Harmon & Co.'s Oil Re- 
 finery. Four men killed; loss $15,000. 
 
 203 
 
March 4, 1831. 
 
 1857. 
 
 March 5, 1658. 
 
 1779. 
 
 1829. 
 
 1849. 
 March 6, 1809. 
 
 1835. 
 1855. 
 1863. 
 
 1877. 
 March 7, 1847. 
 
 1877. 
 March 8, 1782. 
 
 March 9, 1847. 
 1869. 
 
 March 10, 1707. 
 
 Law for the hiring out or whipping of 
 disorderly persons, drunkards, etc., re- 
 pealed. 
 
 First union morning prayer-meeting held. 
 
 Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac born. 
 
 Colonel George Rogers Clark captures Gov- 
 ernor Hamilton and his forces at Vin- 
 cennes. 
 
 John P. Sheldon, editor of Detroit Gazette, 
 imprisoned for contempt of court. 
 
 Detroit Savings Bank incorporated. 
 
 Forty-one of the Park Lots were sold at 
 auction. 
 
 Public meeting of citizens to protest 
 against the claim of Ohio to the dis- 
 puted territory. 
 
 Notice in daily papers that the Messrs. 
 Sutton had photographed by Turner's 
 process with great success. 
 
 Riot against negroes; Faulkner, a mulatto, 
 arrested for alleged outrage on a little 
 girl; tried, convicted, and sentenced for 
 life; military called out; 400 men of 
 Twenty-seventh Regiment called in from 
 Ypsilanti; city fired in twenty places; 
 thirty-five buildings destroyed. 
 
 Telephone first explained and illustrated 
 at Detroit. 
 
 Sunday. A farewell missionary meeting 
 for Rev. Judson D. Collins, of Michigan, 
 was held at the Congress Street M. E. 
 Church; he was the first M. E. mission- 
 ary to China. 
 
 Meeting held to organize Workingwoman's 
 Home. 
 
 Colonel Williamson and his forces mas- 
 sacre the Moravian Indians on the Mus- 
 kingum. 
 
 Bill passed locating State Capital at Lan- 
 sing. 
 
 Funeral obsequies of Bishop Lefevere; an 
 archbishop, two bishops, and seventy- 
 nine priests in attendance. 
 
 First known grant of land by Cadillac. 
 
 203 
 
1874. 
 
 1880. 
 1890. 
 
 March 11, 1764. 
 
 1822. 
 
 1881. 
 March 12, 1838. 
 
 1859. 
 
 1861. 
 
 March 13, 1798. 
 
 1819. 
 
 1829. 
 
 1857. 
 
 1874. 
 March 14, 1895. 
 
 Amusement meetings in Young Men's Hall 
 began; use of Hall given by Luther 
 Beecher. 
 
 Epiphany Reformed Episcopal Church was 
 incorporated. 
 
 Gray & Baffy's furniture establishment on 
 Congress Street West burned out. Heavy 
 loss. 
 
 An attempt was made by some traitor to 
 fire the magazine, but the brand fortun- 
 ately went out. 
 
 Meeting at Detroit petitions Congress to 
 separate the judicial from the legislative 
 power. 
 
 Office of ward school inspector abolished; 
 inspectors to be elected on general ticket. 
 
 Great meeting of citizens at City Hall to 
 protest against the statement made in 
 Canadian Parliament that Detroit sym- 
 pathized with and aided the Patriot War 
 rebels. 
 
 John Brown arrives in Detroit and holds 
 conference with colored men concerning 
 proposed Harper's Ferry raid. 
 
 First Police Commissioners provided. 
 
 First notice of a fire engine at Detroit. 
 
 The cititzens vote against the tax for a fire 
 engine. 
 
 Woodworth's new hotel opened. 
 
 Public meeting of citizens to raise funds to 
 pay fine imposed upon John P. Sheldon. 
 Committee appointed to wait on Sheldon 
 at the jail and take him to his residence 
 in a carriage. 
 
 Train on G. W. R. R. breaks through 
 bridge over canal near Hamilton; over 
 eighty lives lost; travel suspended for 
 two weeks. 
 
 Temperance meeting to consider the Cru- 
 sade movement. Committee of five ladies 
 appointed to report plan of action. 
 
 Council ordered by Supreme Court to pro- 
 vide $50,000 for Health Board. 
 
 304 
 
March 
 
 15, 
 
 1837, 
 
 March 
 
 16, 
 
 1755. 
 1861. 
 
 March 
 
 17, 
 
 1808. 
 1847. 
 
 1862. 
 1866. 
 
 1875. 
 
 March 
 
 18, 
 
 1830. 
 1836. 
 1883. 
 
 March 19, 1889. 
 
 March 
 
 20, 
 
 1864. 
 1871. 
 
 March 
 
 21, 
 
 1822. 
 
 1865 
 1898 
 
 March 
 
 22, 
 
 1827. 
 1831. 
 
 March 
 
 23, 
 
 1874. 
 
 March 
 
 24, 
 
 
 March 25, 1865. 
 
 Wildcat banking law passed by Michigan 
 Legislature. 
 
 Bishop Henri Diibreuil de Pontbriand vis- 
 its Detroit. 
 
 St. Luke's Hospital incorporated. 
 
 St. Patrick's Day first celebrated in Detroit. 
 
 Close of last session of Legislature held in 
 Detroit. 
 
 St. Patrick's Catholic Church consecrated. 
 
 Grand Fenian demonstration; 1,000 Irish- 
 men in procession; meetings on Campus 
 Martins and in City Hall. 
 
 Relief meeting at Opera House, in aid of 
 Grasshopper Sufferers in Nebraska. 
 
 Female Seminary Association incorpor- 
 ated. 
 
 Public meeting held at City Hall to pro- 
 test against change of State boundary. 
 
 The Wabash Railroad enters city using 
 grounds and depot of the Union Railroad 
 Station and Depot Co. 
 
 Land at the mouth of the River Rouge 
 selected as site of Exposition. 
 
 Brockway Mission Chapel first used. 
 
 Police wagon or "Black Maria" first used. 
 
 First Methodist Episcopal Society of De- 
 troit incorporated. 
 
 Second draft for filling quota of Detroit. 
 
 Y. M. C. A. day. One hundred business 
 men give all day to canvassing for money 
 to raise the debt of that institution. 
 They are successful. 
 
 City Cemetery on Beaubien Farm pur- 
 chased. 
 
 Michigan Sunday School Union organized. 
 City Tract Society organized. 
 
 Ladies' meeting at Central M. E. Church 
 to consider the "Crusade" phase of the 
 temperance question. 
 
 It is very curious that not a single fact 
 worthy of passing note, connected with 
 Detroit's history, has been found to 
 place opposite this date. 
 
 Public Library opened in old Capitol. 
 
 205 
 
1876. 
 March 26, 1777. 
 
 1804. 
 
 1835. 
 
 1836. 
 
 1867. 
 
 March 27, 1823. 
 
 1839. 
 
 1866. 
 
 1870. 
 
 March 28, 1807. 
 
 1873. 
 March 29, 1853. 
 
 1869. 
 March 30. 1815. 
 
 1820. 
 
 1838. 
 
 1883. 
 
 March 31, 1818. 
 
 Fort Street Presbyterian Church burned. 
 
 John Coutincinau and Ann Wyley hanged 
 for larceny. 
 
 First United States land office established 
 at Detroit and provision made for set- 
 tlement of land claims in Michigan. 
 
 Michigan State Bank incorporated. 
 
 Supreme Court of State created. 
 
 Board of Fire Commissioners provided for. 
 
 Great rejoicing by citizens over passage by 
 Congress of a bill making provisions for 
 Legislative Council for the Territory; 
 salute fired, houses illuminated, supper 
 served at the Sagina Hotel. 
 
 The city was divided into wards, and pro- 
 vision made for ward aldermen. En- 
 velopes were first used in this year. 
 
 Detroit Daily Post first issued. 
 
 Memorial services in honor of Bishop Ed- 
 ward Thompson, of the M. E. Church. 
 
 The Governor and Judges order wells dug 
 on the commons, now the Campus Mar- 
 tins. 
 
 The first brick house was erected this 
 year. 
 
 Superior Court established. Board of Es- 
 timates created. 
 
 Permission first given to sell meat else- 
 where than at market. License, $50 a 
 year. 
 
 Detroit Opera House first used. 
 
 Pacification Ball at Woodworth's Hotel in 
 honor of peace between Great Britain 
 and United States. 
 
 City limits narrowed and Cass Farm left 
 outside. The first brick store was erect- 
 ed this year. 
 
 The Whigs distribute bread and pork to in- 
 fluence votes. 
 
 Detroit Light Guard Levee to Gov. J. W. 
 Begole, at Music Hall. 
 
 First church for white inhabitants in 
 Michigan erected by the Methodists on 
 the Rouge. 
 
 206 
 
1827. Fire Company No. 2 organized. 
 April 1, . Did you expect to And that anything had 
 
 happened on this date? 
 April 2, 1850. Police Court created. 
 
 1860. Meeting of firemen at Firemen's Hall to 
 
 protest against Common Council creat- 
 ing office of fire marshall and curtailing 
 powers of chief engineer. 
 
 1862. M. C. R. R. engine-house and nine locomo- 
 tives burned. 
 April 3, 1853. Daily Free Democrat first issued. 
 
 1865. Reception of news of fall of Richmond; 
 impromptu celebration, salute of 100 
 guns, illuminations, etc. 
 
 1891. McGregor Mission opened. 
 April 4. 1827. Legislative Council exempts firemen from 
 military and jury duty. Council author- 
 ized to change plan of city. 
 
 1835. Election of delegates to first State Consti- 
 tutional Convention. 
 
 1861. Forty-two Wisconsin banks suspend. 
 April 5, 1888. $10,000 diamond robbery at Burt & Hurl- 
 
 but's jewelry store. 
 April 6, 1886. Remarkable snow-storm, the snow being 
 17 inches on a level. All travel and 
 traffic stopped. 
 
 1898. Wm. J. Bryan speaks at the banquet of the 
 Mohawk Club. 
 April 7, 1850. Second Presbyterian Church, corner La- 
 fayette Avenue and Wayne Street, dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 1870. Celebration by colored people of the Rati- 
 fication of the Fifteenth Amendment to 
 the Constitution. 
 
 1874. State meeting of citizens of Michigan to 
 consider the Bridge question. Resolution 
 passed favoring a bridge. 
 April 8, 1884. Michigan Yacht Club organized. 
 
 1891. Eight-hour ordinance adopted by the Coun- 
 mon Council. 
 April 9, 1821. Citizens vote a tax of $400 for a fire engine. 
 
 1835. Much excitement occasioned by a mad dog 
 which bit a number of children and sev- 
 eral dogs. 
 
 207 
 
1863. Christ P. E. Church dedicated; second 
 
 building. 
 1872. Soldiers' Monument on Campus Martins 
 
 unveiled. 
 April 10, 1827. The council order shinplasters printed. 
 
 1841. A meeting of citizens was held to express 
 
 sorrow at the death, on April 4, of Presi- 
 dent Harrison. 
 1849. The steamboat Mayflower made her trial 
 
 trip. 
 1865. News of surrender of rebel army. Salute 
 
 on Campus Martins, bonfires, fireworks, 
 
 etc. 
 
 1875. Thompson Home for Old Ladies incorpor- 
 
 ated. 
 
 April 11, 1803. Colonel .John Frederick Hamtramck, col- 
 onel of First United States Regiment and 
 first American commander of Detroit, 
 died, aged forty-five years. 
 
 April 12, 1780- Captain Bird's force left for a foray on 
 Kentucky. 
 1821. First Protestant Society of Detroit incor- 
 porated. 
 
 April 13, 1861. News arrives of the attack of April 12 on 
 Fort Sumter. Meeting of lawyers at Bar 
 Library in favor of Union. 
 1862. National Thanksgiving by proclamation of 
 President. 
 
 1872. Great gale of wind breaking trees, blowing 
 
 off chimneys, etc. 
 
 1873. Tribune Building burned; loss $112,000; in- 
 
 sured for $55,000. 
 
 1876. Fortieth anniversary of organization of 
 
 Brady Guards celebrated by twenty-six 
 
 survivors at the Russell House. 
 April 14, 1874. Burning of Burial Case Factory; loss 
 
 $75,000. 
 1876. Quarterly and Ninth Annual Meeting of 
 
 the N. W. Branch of Women's Foreign 
 
 Missionary Society in Central M. E. 
 
 Church. 
 April 15, 1839. Ward elections first held. 
 
 1840. A log cabin was raised on the corner of 
 
 Jefferson Avenue and Randolph Street. 
 
 208 
 
1861. Immense Union Meeting at Firemen's Hall. 
 
 1865. Reception of news of murder of President 
 Lincoln; the city in mourning; intense 
 feeling of the people. 
 
 1871. Park Act passed by Legislature; it pro- 
 vided for and appointed commissioners. 
 
 1874. Convention of vessel-owners at Young 
 
 Men's Hall declare in favor of a tunnel. 
 
 April 16, 1865. Public meeting on Campus Martins to take 
 
 action concerning the death of President 
 
 Lincoln. 
 
 1874. Detroit Scientific Society organized. 
 
 April 17, 1802. First town-tax voted. This same month 
 the trustees prescribed the size and price 
 of loaves of bread. 
 
 1861. Flag raised on Board of Trade building; 
 speeches in favor of Union. General Cass 
 present. Detroit Light Guards organize 
 for the war. 
 April 18, 1816. Indian Council of 110 Indians at Council 
 House. "The Prophet," a brother of 
 Tecumseh, among them. They conclude 
 a treaty of peace. 
 
 1851. Funeral of General Hugh Brady, — very 
 large procession; services at Presby- 
 terian Church. 
 
 1861. Flag raised on Custom House and Post 
 Office. 
 
 1894. Riot among Polish laborers at Connor's 
 Creek. Sheriff Collins injured. 
 April 19, 1820. The flag-staff on which Hull displayed his 
 flag of surrender fell in a storm; no flag 
 had waved on it since 1812. 
 
 1851. Saturday, 33 persons, known as the R. R. 
 conspirators, arrived. 
 
 1865. Sermons on the death of President Lin- 
 
 coln. 
 
 1866. Observance of day of fasting and prayer 
 
 appointed by the governor. 
 
 1875. Lady Washington Tea Party at Opera 
 
 House. A fine affair. 
 1898. First troops leave Fort Wayne, en route 
 for Cuba. 
 April 20, 1782. Moravians are again brought to Detroit. 
 
 209 
 
1834. Bishop Mcllvaine present, attending the 
 first annual convention of Protestant 
 Episcopal Church in Michigan. 
 
 1841. Funeral procession, bells tolled, etc., to 
 honor memory of the late President Har- 
 rison. Oration by Hon. Ross Wilkins at 
 Presbyterian Church, This year the bells 
 began to ring instead of tolling for a 
 fire. 
 
 1861. Oath of allegiance administered to all Gov- 
 ernment. State, City, and County officers, 
 in front of Postoffice. Sherlock, Scott, 
 and Brady Guards organize for the war. 
 April 21, ISO'i. Governor and Judges authorized to lay out 
 new town of Detroit. 
 
 1881. Board of Estimates abolished. Board of 
 Councilmen provided for 
 
 1891. Street-car men strike and there is some 
 rioting on the following day. 
 April 22. 1833. First city tax on all real and personal prop- 
 erty authorized. 
 
 1873. Sessions of the Supreme Court after this 
 date were held only at Lansing. 
 
 1880. The Detroit Association of Charities was 
 organized. 
 April 23, 1833. Office of City Director of the Poor created. 
 
 1849. M. C. R. R. completed to New Buffalo. 
 
 1861. Flag raised on Firemen's Hall. 
 
 1868. Observance of Fast Day appointed by the 
 Governor. 
 April 24, 1837. Meeting of the Agricultural Society at the 
 City Hall. The organization of a State 
 Agricultural and Horticultural Society 
 was proposed. 
 
 1847. First troops leave for Mexico; premature 
 national salute fired by order of Mayor 
 and Common Council, in honor of vic- 
 tories not then won; also a general il- 
 lumination; firemen out in torchlight 
 procession. 
 
 1855. M. S. & N. I. R. R. in operation between 
 Toledo and Buffalo. Council forbids the 
 the running of fire engines on sidewalks 
 of paved streets. 
 
 210 
 
180 1. Shakespeare Ter-Centennary celebration; 
 tableaux and grand musical entertain- 
 ment at Young Men's Hall. 
 
 1870. Rev. C. H. Borgess consecrated Roman 
 Catholic Bishop of Detroit. 
 April 25, 1859. Fire on corner of Gratiot and Brush 
 Streets. An old warehouse and eight 
 buildings burned. 
 
 1861. News received of secession of Virginia. 
 
 1861. Flag raised on City Hall; Union speech by 
 General Cass; "Star-Spangled Banner" 
 sung by 3,000 school-children. 
 
 1865. Funeral obsequies in honor of President 
 
 Lincoln; oration by Jacob M. Howard on 
 Campus Martins; procession two miles 
 long. 
 
 1875. Cass Avenue Baptist Church dedicated. 
 
 1883. New system of city Justice Courts provided 
 for. 
 April 26, 1830. Detroit Gazette office burned, also several 
 dwellings. 
 
 1835. Shots exchanged between Michigan troops 
 and Ohio boundary commissioners. 
 
 1837. The Detroit Anti-Slavery Society was or- 
 ganized. 
 
 1866. D. & M, freight and passenger depots 
 
 burned, with the ferry Windsor and a 
 passenger train; 18 lives lost. 
 
 1867. Odd Fellows' Celebration, commemorative 
 
 of the forty-eighth anniversary of the 
 
 founding of the order in America. 
 April 27, 1763. Pontiac completes plans for his conspiracy. 
 1833. Steamboat Michigan launched at Detroit. 
 1837. A large fire between Woodward Avenue 
 
 and Randolph Street burned most of the 
 
 buildings south of Woodbridge Street. 
 1864. Presentation of flags to old Twenty-fourth 
 
 Infantry on Campus Martins. 
 April 28, 1786. The Moravians are compelled to leave their 
 
 settlement on the Clinton River. 
 1835. First brick Presbyterian Church dedicated. 
 1851. Great railroad conspiracy case commenced; 
 
 continued most of the time for four 
 
 months. 
 
 211 
 
April 
 
 29, 
 
 1830. 
 1873. 
 1875. 
 
 1883. 
 
 April 
 
 30, 
 
 1802. 
 
 May 
 
 1, 
 
 1853. 
 1871. 
 
 1859. Reception to Wm. Smith O'Brien, the Irish 
 patriot. 
 First firemen's review. 
 Board of Public Works created. 
 Weber's factory burned; loss from $200,000 
 
 to $300,000. 
 St. Cassimer's Catholic Church consecrated. 
 Under Act of this date all of Michigan was 
 
 included in Indiana Territory. 
 Michigan Volksblatt first issued. 
 Peace Festival, commemorating peace be- 
 tween France and Germany, celebrated 
 with procession, concert, and ball. 
 1872. A citizens' meeting considers question of 
 issue of $200,000 worth of bonds for use 
 of Park Commissioners. Great confusion 
 and no decision. 
 1897. Detroit Telephone Co. fully inaugurated. 
 May 2, 1803. Second election of corporation of Detroit. 
 Freedom of corporation voted to Jona- 
 than Scheifflin, one of the representa- 
 tives in Northwest Legislature. 
 1855. Fire Companies 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 dis- 
 band. 
 1877. General Joe Hooker arrived. 
 1895. Chamber of Commerce dedicated. 
 May 3, 1802. First town election. Freedom of corpora- 
 tion voted to Solomon Sibley for getting 
 the Act of Incorporation passed and for 
 other eminent services rendered. 
 1827. Mansion House first opened after enlarge- 
 ment. In this month Fort Shelby was 
 demolished. 
 1832. First underground reservoirs ordered. 
 1855. Employees of M. C. R. R. and of Jackson 
 
 & Wiley organize a fire company. 
 1859. Daily meetings of the Board of Trade 
 
 began. 
 1875. Prohibitory law repealed and liquor tax 
 
 law passed. 
 1893. Light Guard Armory (new) opened. 
 May 4, 1861. Legislature makes provision for relief of 
 families of volunteers. 
 
 212 
 
May 5, 1710. First recorded marriage between white 
 people at Detroit. 
 
 1828. Court house or capitol first occupied. 
 1831. Democratic Free Press and Michigan Intel- 
 ligencer first issued. 
 
 1876. Centennial tree-planting by pupils of the 
 public schools. 
 
 1881. Entirely new ward divisions created. 
 May 6, 1763. Pontiac's conspiracy revealed to Gladwin. 
 
 1856. Meeting of American Medical Society. 
 
 1884. Extensive fire at Frost's Wooden Ware 
 Works. 
 May 7, 1763. Gladwin exposes Pontiac's treachery. 
 
 1800. Northwest Territory divided. Indiana Ter- 
 ritory created. 
 
 1829. Complimentary dinner to J. P. Sheldon 
 
 while in jail. 
 1876. Preliminary meeting held to promote or- 
 ganization of Y. M. C. A. Railroad 
 Branch. 
 
 Detroit Soap Works burned. Loss, $100,000. 
 
 First German Baptist Church dedicated. 
 
 Extensive fire between Bates and Beaubien 
 Streets, Jefferson Avenue and the river. 
 
 Pontiac begins his attack. 
 
 The grand jury presents cut money as a 
 nuisance. 
 
 Governor Harrison visits Detroit. 
 
 The church on the Melcher Farm was con- 
 secrated. 
 
 Third Avenue Mission building dedicated. 
 
 Westminster Presbyterian Church on Par- 
 sons Street dedicated. 
 
 Recreation Park first opened. 
 
 Ringing of fire alarms from engine houses 
 ordered stopped. 
 
 State Constitutional Convention assembled. 
 American Hotel opened. 
 1861. Presentation of banner and cockades to 
 
 First Regiment on Campus Martins. 
 1873. Eleventh annual meeting of American 
 Social Science Association. 
 May 12, 1763. The Indians surround the fort, firing from 
 morning till evening. 
 
 313 
 
 May 
 May 
 
 8, 
 9, 
 
 1898. 
 1870. 
 
 1848. 
 
 May 
 
 10, 
 
 1763. 
 
 1798. 
 
 1803. 
 1809. 
 
 1868. 
 1874. 
 
 1879. 
 1887. 
 
 May 
 
 11, 
 
 1835. 
 
1889 Belle Isle Bridge opened to the public. 
 May 13, 1712. M. de Vincennes, from the Miami country, 
 with seven other Frenchmen, arrives. 
 The Indians attack Fort Pontchartrain 
 and are defeated by Du Buisson. Church 
 of St. Anne burned. 
 
 184G. Congress declares war against Mexico. 
 
 1861. The First Regiment left for Washington. 
 
 1869. Merchants & Manufacturers' National 
 Bank organized. 
 
 1883. St. Matthews' P. E. Church consecrated. 
 
 1895. Corner stone of new High School laid. 
 May 14, 1812. Parade of militia in the evening. 
 
 184G. Body of Dr. Houghton, State Geologist, 
 brought to Detroit. 
 May 15, 1846. Funeral of Dr. Houghton. 
 
 1855. New fire companies organized for Engines 
 5, 6, and 8. The prohibitory liquor law 
 went into effect; nearly all the driking 
 places were closed. In this year the St. 
 Mary's Falls Ship Canal was opened, and 
 interments in Beaubien Farm Cemetery 
 ceased. 
 
 1857. Relief meeting held to aid citizens in Gra- 
 tiot and adjoining counties in need of 
 food; $1,000 subscribed. 
 
 1873. Postal cards first received for sale. 
 
 1882. Belle Isle Lighthouse first used. 
 May 16, 1827. First sale of lots on Military Reserve. In 
 this month the first steam ferry-boat 
 was operated, and the first fiour exported 
 from Detroit. 
 
 1837. News was received at Detroit of the re- 
 fusal of New York banks to redeem in 
 specie, and on May 17 the Detroit banks 
 took the same action. 
 
 1850. Presbyterian General Assembley convened 
 in Detroit. 
 
 1872. Presbyterian General Assembly convenes 
 in Detroit. 
 May 17, 1866. City Mission Board organized. 
 
 1891. First Presbyterian Church, corner of 
 Woodward Avenue and Edmund Place, 
 dedicated. 
 
 214 
 
May 18, 1836. Works of Hydraulic Company purchased 
 by the city. Ladies' Protestant Orphan 
 Asylum organized. 
 
 1858. Corner-stone of the new Postoffice and Cus- 
 
 tom House laid. 
 1860. Rev. H. Grattan Guiness preached in First 
 Presbyterian Church. 
 May 19, 1687. M. de Tonty visits the site of Detroit. 
 
 1859. Annual Session of the Congregational Gen- 
 
 eral Association commenced at First 
 Congregational Church. 
 1879. Berry Brothers' Varnish Factory blew up 
 and killed several persons. 
 May 20, 1876. The Military Reserve given to the city by 
 
 Congress. 
 May 21, 1763. Schooner Gladwin dispatched to hasten sup- 
 plies from Niagara. 
 1852. M. C. R. R. trains run into Chicago for first 
 
 time. 
 1864. The propeller Nile blew up at Buckley & 
 Co.'s dock; six persons killed eleven 
 injured. 
 
 1883. Explosion at the Wolverine Paper Mill; sev- 
 
 eral killed and injured. 
 
 1884. National Baptist Anniversaries began. 
 1891. Session of the Third General Assembly of 
 
 the Presbyterian Church held at Detroit. 
 May 22, 1798. Governor St. Clair and two judges of the 
 Supreme Court arrived at 9 a. m. 
 
 1852. M. S. ^ N. I. R. R. completed between 
 Toledo and Chicago. In this year Pontiac 
 cars begin to use Brush Street Depot. 
 May 23, 1822. John Roberts, Jr., notified persons liable to 
 military duty to appear at Military Square 
 on June 3, armed and equipped as the law 
 directs. 
 
 1877. Office of Fire Marshal created. 
 
 1883. Senator Palmer gave a reception to the Leg- 
 islature and State officials. 
 
 1891. J. E. Davis drug house on Larned Street 
 West burned. Loss, $350,000. 
 
 1894. Steamship "Northwest" of Northern Steam- 
 ship Co. line arrives at Detroit. 
 
 215 
 
May 24, 1820. The Cass Schoolcraft excursion left for the 
 upper lakes. 
 
 1825. Commissioners commenced locating Chicago 
 Road. Erie Canal completed to Buffalo 
 this year; also first street paving con- 
 tracted for. 
 
 1832. Detachment of Detroit militia leave for 
 Chicago on account of the Black Hawk 
 War. Griswold Street was opened this 
 year from Larned Street to Jefferson Ave- 
 nue. 
 May 25, 1822. The Steamboat Superior, the second on the 
 lakes, arrived from Buffalo on her trial 
 trip with ninety-four passengers. 
 
 1856. First St. Joseph's Catholic Church, Gratiot 
 Avenue, consecrated. 
 
 1876. Seventh Annual Reunion of the Soldiers and 
 Sailors' Association. 
 May 26, 1867. St. Anthony's Male Orphan Asylum opened. 
 
 1881. First systematic provision made for Board 
 of Health. 
 May 27, 1826. Two companies of infantry depart for Green 
 Bay; city for the first time left without 
 troops. 
 
 1879. Council authorized to purchase Belle Isle 
 and erect a bridge. 
 
 1888. Belle Isle Park opened to the public. 
 May 28, 1849. M. C. R. R. line of boats to Buffalo began. 
 In this year the strap-rail on M. C. R. R. 
 was replaced with T rail, street paving 
 with cobblestone began to be general, and 
 union public schools were first provided. 
 
 1867. Annual meeting of the Grand Lodge of 
 Good Templars for North America. 
 May 29, 1869. Memorial Day first observed. Soldiers' 
 graves decorated; a large procession; 
 oration by E. B. Fairfield. 
 
 1875. Corner-stone of Public Library laid. 
 
 1886. Trumbull Avenue street-car line opened. 
 May 30, 1844. Four Sisters of Charity arrive,— the first 
 in the city. 
 
 1848. M. C. R. R. begin using Third Street depot. 
 
 216 
 
1865. National Fast. General suspension of busi- 
 ness; more thoroughly and generally 
 observed than any previous occasion of 
 similar character. 
 
 1870. Memorial Day observed; decoration of sol- 
 
 diers' graves; large procession; oration 
 by Duane Doty. 
 May 31, 1834. City cemetery on Guoin Farm purchased. 
 
 1846. First building of Christ P. E. Church dedi- 
 cated. In this year the first power press 
 in Michigan was set up in office of Free 
 Press. 
 
 1871. Last meeting in old Wayne County Court 
 
 Room. Commemorative meeting and 
 supper of the Bar. 
 
 1879. Board of Poor Commissioners provided for. 
 
 1883. The National Free Trade Conference 
 opened; it was the first held in America. 
 June 1, 1818. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget visits De- 
 troit. 
 
 1849. Harmonic Society organized. 
 
 1873. Eighteenth annual convention of German 
 
 Roman Catholic Benevolent Union at St. 
 Mary's Hall. 
 June 2, 1818. Bank of Michigan organized. 
 
 1850. First M. B. Church, corner Woodward Ave- 
 
 nue and State Street, dedicated. 
 1861. The Second Regiment left the city. 
 
 1874. Twenty-fifth meeting of American Medical 
 
 Association. 
 
 1878. A Bullock press and the papier-mache pro- 
 cess was made use of by Free Press,— the 
 first time in Michigan. 
 
 1886. Old Pontiac Tree cut down. 
 June 3, 1763. Receipt of news of the treaty of peace be- 
 tween France and England and of the 
 cession of Detroit. 
 
 1850. Second Constitutional Convention began at 
 
 Lansing. 
 
 1851. The trial of James J. Strang, otherwise known 
 
 as King Strang, the Mormon, began. 
 
 1877. Eighteenth Street Baptist Church dedicated. 
 
 1878. The twenty-sixth annual session of the In- 
 
 ternational Typographical Union began. 
 
1880. 
 June 4, 1764. 
 
 1800. 
 1821. 
 
 1825. 
 1877. 
 
 1879. 
 June 5, 1874. 
 
 1883. 
 1883. 
 
 June 6, 1706. 
 
 1721. 
 1883. 
 
 1891. 
 
 June 7, 1824. 
 
 1830. 
 1851. 
 1865. 
 
 1873. 
 
 Princess Louise and Prince Leopold passed 
 through Detroit. 
 
 The birthday of His Majesty King George 
 III. was celebrated by three volleys from 
 the troops and three discharges of can- 
 non, and by the drinking his Majesty's 
 health on parade, by the officers and sev- 
 eral Frenchmen who were invited guests. 
 At night almost the entire town was 
 illuminated. 
 
 Judges, court officers, lawyers, and leading 
 citizens go to Sandwich to celebrate 
 birthday of King George III. 
 
 Presentation of silver plate to Major-Gen- 
 eral Macomb by citizens on his leaving 
 the Territory. 
 
 Minute fire ordinance passed. 
 
 The forty-seventh annual convention of the 
 Protestant Episcopal Church of Michigan 
 began. 
 
 First exhibition of electric light. 
 
 Heavy rain, flooding cellars in various 
 parts of the city. 
 
 State Band tournament at Recreation Park. 
 
 New city charter enacted. Board of As- 
 sessors created. 
 
 The Ottawas attack the French and Miamis. 
 Cadillac given entire control of Detroit. 
 
 Father Charlevoix arrived. He left June 18. 
 
 Annual conference of P. E. Churches of 
 Eastern Michigan. 
 
 Great meeting at Detroit Rink to protest 
 against extension of street-railway fran- 
 chises. 
 
 First Legislative Council of Michigan con- 
 vened in Detroit. 
 
 Farmers and Mechanics' Bank organized. 
 
 Biddle House first opened. 
 
 Michigan troops begin to return from the 
 war. 
 
 Steamboat Meteor and Buckley's warehouse 
 burned, loss $100,000. 
 
 218 
 
June 
 
 8, 
 
 1848. 
 1897. 
 
 June 
 
 9, 
 
 1775. 
 1818. 
 1845. 
 
 1870. 
 
 June 
 
 10, 
 
 1840. 
 1844, 
 1851, 
 
 June 
 
 11. 
 
 1805. 
 1836. 
 1898. 
 
 June 
 
 12, 
 
 1825. 
 1881. 
 1897. 
 
 June 
 
 13, 
 
 1836, 
 
 1877, 
 1878, 
 
 1886, 
 
 June 
 
 14, 
 
 1870. 
 
 1875. Mass meeting at Opera House in the inter- 
 est of Sabbath observance, and against 
 allowing saloons to be opened on Sun- 
 day. Authors' carnival opened at Young 
 Men's Hall. 
 
 The tearing down of old jail on Gratiot 
 Street was begun. 
 
 Parade of Mystic Shriners in the evening. 
 
 Martial law proclaimed by Sir Guy Carlton. 
 
 Corner-stone of St. Anne's Church laid. 
 
 St. Vincent's (now St. Mary's) Hospital was 
 opened on Larned Street. 
 
 Knights Templar procession of nearly one 
 thousand. 
 
 The Whigs leave on five steamboats for the 
 great Whig meeting at Fort Meigs. 
 
 A free school for boys and girls was opened 
 by the Sisters of Charity. 
 
 Michigan State Musical Convention, under 
 direction of Professor Charles Hess, at 
 First M. E. Church. 
 1877. The rebuilt Fort Street Presbyterian Church 
 was dedicated. 
 
 Detroit burned. Only one building saved. 
 
 Detroit Daily Advertiser first issued. 
 
 New Case Power Building, also Seitz Block 
 on Congress Street West burned. Loss, 
 • $200,000 and several persons injured. 
 
 City marshal arrests several soldiers for 
 fishing on Sunday. 
 
 The Post and Tribune first printed on Scott 
 rotary press. 
 
 New Jail first used. 
 
 Harriet Martineau arrived. 
 
 National Stove-makers' convention held. 
 
 Republican State Convention at Opera 
 House. 
 
 St. .Joachim Catholic Church consecrated. 
 
 State Sunday School convention in Fort 
 Street Congregational Church. 
 1882. Reunion of Army of the Potomac; General 
 Grant and other notables present. 
 
 319 
 
June 
 
 15, 
 
 1836. 
 
 1856. 
 1863. 
 
 June 
 
 16, 
 
 1^33. 
 
 1857. 
 1877. 
 1878. 
 1884, 
 
 June 
 
 17, 
 
 1845. 
 
 June 
 
 18, 
 
 1812. 
 1856, 
 
 1898. 
 
 June 
 
 19, 
 
 1845, 
 
 1850, 
 1862. 
 1892. 
 
 June 
 
 20, 
 
 1838. 
 1866 
 
 1877. 
 
 1894. 
 June 21, 1871. 
 
 First act passed by Congress for admission 
 of Michigan. The first underground sewer 
 was built this year, and there were enor- 
 mous sales of public lands in Michigan. 
 
 Walnut Street M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Michigan branch of U. S. Christian Com- 
 mission organized. 
 
 The colored . people rescue and release 
 Blackburn, a slave. The first four-story 
 brick building was erected this year. 
 
 Industrial School Society organized. 
 
 The National Turnfest began. 
 
 First exhibition of phonograph in Detroit. 
 
 The Thomas Festival was held. Christine 
 
 Nilsson, Frau Materna, and other noted 
 singers present. 
 
 A public meeting of citizens was held to 
 express regret for the death of General 
 Andrew Jackson. 
 
 War declared against Great Britain. 
 
 The trial of White, King and Ayer, for 
 great express robbery, began; $50,000 was 
 stolen. 
 
 Woodward Lawn Cemetery dedicated. 
 
 Lyman Beecher was here at a convention 
 of Presbyterian and Congregational min- 
 isters. 
 
 John B. Gough lectured in Presbyterian 
 Church on Temperance. 
 
 Tenth annual conference of Western Uni- 
 tarian Churches began. 
 
 Forest Avenue Presbyterian Church dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 The Detroit branch of the University first 
 opened. 
 
 Funeral of General Cass, who died on June 
 17. Large procession. Pullman sleepers 
 began running on the M. C. R. R. 
 
 The National Grand Division of the Sons of 
 Temperance convened. 
 
 Central Market building torn down. 
 
 Celebration of the twenty-fifth anniversary 
 of the pontificate of Pope Pius IX.; large 
 procession. 
 
 230 
 
1876. 
 
 June 22, 1774. 
 
 1818. 
 
 1894. 
 June 23, 1851. 
 
 June 24, 1835. 
 1857. 
 
 1868. 
 
 1884. 
 
 1897. 
 June 25, 1844. 
 
 1861. 
 June 26, 1860. 
 
 June 27, 1835. 
 1843. 
 
 1875. 
 
 Formal opening of Y. M. C. A. Railroad 
 Branch Reading Room on Woodbridge 
 Street. 
 Quebec Act passed. First civil government 
 provided by English for territory includ- 
 ing Detroit. 
 Meeting of citizens at Council House to take 
 measures to collect remains of American 
 officers and soldiers massacred at the bat- 
 tle of the Raisin. 
 Municipal Parade and ball games in aid of 
 
 the Pingree potato patch funds. 
 Great meeting at City Hall to promote 
 building the G. W. R. R. In this year Ives' 
 Dry Dock was built and the first wheat 
 elevator erected. 
 State Constitutional Convention adjourned. 
 State Sunday School convention at Dr. Duf- 
 field's church. Masonic Hall dedicated. 
 Meeting of North American Sangerbund 
 began. 
 Thirteenth International Y. M. C. A. Con- 
 vention at Central M. E. Church. Ad- 
 journed June 28. 
 The annual convention of Knights of St. 
 
 John began. 
 Masonic Temple dedicated. 
 About 9 o'clock a. m the steamboat General 
 Vance, owned by Samuel Woodworth of 
 Detroit, blew up while lying in the dock 
 at Windsor. Mr. Woodworth was killed 
 and Major Traux with two or three others 
 seriously injured. 
 Paid fire engine companies provided for. 
 The city contracts for its first steam fire 
 
 engine. 
 Michigan Exchange Hotel first opened. 
 The Recorder was authorized to transfer 
 all the fire engines, etc., to the Fire 
 Department Society. 
 Shortly after 6 o'clock p. m. a tornado began 
 near corner of Williams Avenue and Ash 
 Street, and continued across Grand River 
 Avenue, making a track 150 feet wide; 
 
 221 
 
two persons were killed, ten injured, 
 thirty-three buildings entirely destroyed 
 and twenty-eight damaged. 
 
 1876. Joint exhibition of Michigan State Pomo- 
 logical and Wayne County Horticultural 
 Societies at Young Men's Hall. 
 
 1886. Last Sunday service in old St. Anne's 
 Church. 
 June 28, 1703. Thirty Huron Indians arrive from Mack- 
 inaw to settle at Detroit. 
 
 1898. International Convention of the Catholic 
 Knights of St. John held here. 
 June 29, 1805. Town meeting; great number of citizens 
 present. Ordinance of April 20, 1802, re- 
 specting public commons, repealed. 
 
 1832. The council was authorized to compel con- 
 victs to work on the streets. 
 
 1843. St. Mary's Catholic Church, corner St. An- 
 toine and Crogan Streets, was consecrated. 
 
 1848 SS. Peter and Paul's Catholic Church con- 
 secrated. 
 June 30, 1763. Schooner Gladwin returned with 60 troops, 
 and a supply of ammunition and provis- 
 ions. 
 
 1816. Rev. John Monteith, missionary of the 
 American Board, preached his first ser- 
 mon in Detroit. 
 
 1832. General Scott and staff arrived en route for 
 Chicago, in connection with the Black 
 Hawk War. 
 
 1836. The City Council appointed a committee to 
 inspect springs in township of Southfield 
 and at Northville, with a view of getting 
 water therefrom. 
 
 1873. K. C. Barker's Tobacco Factory burned; 
 loss, $80,000. Evangelical Alliance organ- 
 ized. 
 
 1876. Detroit Cadets leave for the Centennial 
 
 Exhibition. 
 
 1877. Captain John Horn, Jr., was presented by 
 
 citizens with a very elegant gold watch for 
 having at various times saved 131 per- 
 sons from death by drowning. 
 July 1, 1860. Adelina Patti visits Detroit. 
 
 222 
 
1890. National Convention of Music Teachers at 
 
 Detroit Opera House. 
 1895. First car runs over new Detroit Railway. 
 Fare, 3 cents. 
 July 2. 1805. Oath of office administered to the Governor 
 and Judges and the territorial government 
 commenced. 
 1845. Funeral obsequies in honor of General 
 Jackson; procession, and an address by 
 Hon. Theodore Romeyn. 
 1847. Exhibition at the capitol of the celebrated 
 painting, Peale's "Court of Death;" also 
 of the mode of telegraphing. 
 1849. Rev. E. Leahey, D. D., a monk of LaTrappe, 
 attempted to lecture at City Hall in oppo- 
 sition to Catholicism, but was not allowed 
 to proceed. 
 1870. Second Annual Regatta of Northwestern 
 
 Amateur Boating Association, 
 1874. Dr. John Hall spoke on the American S. S. 
 Union and its work, at Fort Street Pres- 
 byterian Church. 
 July 3, 1717. M. Tonty, commander of the post, returns 
 from a visit to Montreal. 
 1763. Inhabitants collected to hear the Articles of 
 
 Peace between France and England. 
 1820. A tax of five hundred days' labor was voted 
 
 to be expended on the river front. 
 1828. Historical Society organized at Mansion 
 
 House. 
 183Q Law creating State of Wisconsin out of 
 Michigan Territory took effect. The power 
 of Governor and Judges as a Land Board 
 terminated. 
 1881. Trumbull Avenue Presbyterian Church dedi- 
 cated. 
 1894. Great railroad strike. Detroit men join in. 
 July 4, 1805. First session of the Governor and Judges 
 as a Legislature. 
 1816. Celebration. Dinner at Whipple's Tavern. 
 1818. The day was celebrated in a field in the rear 
 of the residence of Governor Cass by a 
 large collection of gentlemen and officers 
 of the army. 
 
 228 
 
1832. The steamboat Henry Clay arrived with sev- 
 
 eral companies of troops for the Black 
 Hawk War. 
 
 1833. Black Hawk arrives at Detroit. 
 
 1838. Union S. S. celebration in Presbyterian 
 Church. 
 
 1842. Large Sunday School celebration. Proces- 
 
 sion about one-half mile in length, num- 
 bering not far from 1,000 children. 
 
 1843. The railroad was completed to Pontiac. 
 1845. Formal naming of Belle Isle. 
 
 1847. Most extensive celebration, participated in 
 by military and firemen, including several 
 companies from abroad; torchlight pro- 
 cession in the evening. 
 
 1850. Corner-stone of Firemen's Hall laid. 
 
 1852. S. S celebration, 2,000 children at Pres- 
 byterian Church. 
 
 1858. First through train arrived from Grand 
 Rapids. 
 
 1866. Great celebration, participated in by sol- 
 
 diers of the late war; speeches by Gov- 
 ernor Crapo and General Willcox. During 
 the day President Roberts addressed a 
 large assembly of Fenians. 
 
 1867. Laying of corner-stone of Soldiers' Monu- 
 
 ment in East Grand Circus Park. Masonic 
 ceremonies and immense procession. 
 
 1871. Celebration and formal opening of new City 
 Hall. 
 
 1876. Centennial celebration; imposing procession 
 and street decorations; boat races, illum- 
 inations, etc. 
 
 1880. Very quiet; no firing of fireworks allowed. 
 July 5, 1812. General Hull with army from Ohio arrived. 
 
 1832. A soldier on the Henry Clay died of cholera 
 and the vessel was ordered to Hog Island. 
 July 6, 1818. First auction sale of public lands in Mich- 
 igan. 
 
 1860. Boiler of steam tug A. S. Field exploded at 
 
 foot of Bates Street; five persons were 
 killed and six wounded. 
 
 1861. House of Correction completed. 
 
 224 
 
1881. Excursion to Butler, Indiana, of subscribers 
 to bonus of $200,000 given the Detroit, 
 Butler & St. Louis R. R. 
 July 7, 1834. Governor Porter died; funeral same day. 
 The Common Council attend in a body 
 and resolve to wear crape thirty days. 
 
 1852. State Temperance meeting of Secret Tem- 
 perance Societies, procession, etc. Tem- 
 perance mass meeting in Woodbridge 
 Grove. Addresses by Neal Dow and 
 Father Taylor, the sailor preacher of Bos- 
 ton. 
 
 1883. The Continental Guards of New Orleans vis- 
 ited the city. 
 July 8, 1763. Many of the principal inhabitants bring 
 their goods inside of the fort for safe keep- 
 ing. 
 
 1837. Mrs. Anna Jameson, the authoress, arrived. 
 Daniel Webster and family arrived late in 
 the evening, and put up at the National. 
 
 1842. Ex-President M. Van Buren visited Detroit. 
 
 1848. The first troops returned from the war in 
 Mexico. 
 
 1858. Firemen's Hall reopened. The walls had 
 been raised and a new roof put on. 
 
 1862. The Advertiser and Tribune were consoli- 
 dated. 
 
 1867. Woodmere Cemetery Association organized. 
 
 1871. Boiler explosion in Ingersoll's sash and blind 
 factory; much damage done. 
 
 1877. Francis Murphy, the Blue Ribbon temper- 
 ance reformer, lectured in Detroit. The 
 first sewer built by tunneling under 
 ground was constructed this year. 
 July 9, 1805. First law passed by Governor and Judges. 
 
 1873. Plumer & Leavitt's sale of 150 lots at Grand 
 Trunk Junction. 
 
 1892. Woman's Hospital and Foundling's Home 
 dedicated. 
 July 10, 1763. The Indians sought to set fire to the vessels 
 in the river by means of a raft filled with 
 fagots, birchbark and tar. No damage 
 was done. 
 
 225 
 
1845. The Baker Farm, between Chicago and 
 Grand River Roads, divided into pastur- 
 age lots and sold at auction. In this year 
 a portion of Jefferson Avenue was paved 
 with wood, and public hacks were first 
 introduced, 
 
 1867. Michigan Mutual Life Insurance Company 
 organized. 
 
 1895. Case's livery on Congress Street west burned. 
 
 Eight lives lost. 
 July 11, 1796. Detroit first occupied by American troops. 
 
 1836. President Jackson directs public officers to 
 
 receive and pay out coin only. 
 
 1837. Upwards of 300 sat down to a collation 
 
 served in a grove on Cass Farm in honor 
 of Daniel Webster, after which 1,500 or 
 2,000 ladies and gentlemen gathered to lis- 
 ten to an address from their guest. 
 
 1865. International Commercial Convention at 
 Board of Trade Building. 
 
 1882. National Amateur Press convention. 
 
 1896. Celebration of Evacuation Day. Tablet 
 
 placed on south entrance of new Post- 
 office. Great parade and addresses in new 
 Postofllce building. 
 July 12, 1812. General Hull crossed to Sandwich and issued 
 a proclamation to the people inviting 
 them to join his standard. 
 
 1825. Public dinner given to General Sol. Van 
 Rensselaer at Woodworth's Hotel. 
 
 1869. Voters of the city decide against issuing 
 bonds to aid railroads. 
 July 13, 1787. Ordinance for government of Northwest Ter- 
 ritory passed. 
 
 1834. First M. E. Church on corner of Woodward 
 Avenue and Congress Street dedicated. 
 
 1852. Funeral obsequies in honor of Henry Clay; 
 large procession; address by Rev. Dr. Duf- 
 field at Presbyterian Church. 
 
 1897. National Convention of League of Republi- 
 
 can Clubs held here. 
 July 14, 1869. Woodmere Cemetery dedicated. 
 
 1872. First St. Albert's Catholic Church conse- 
 crated. 
 
 226 
 
July 
 
 15, 
 
 1856. 
 1862. 
 
 July 
 
 16, 
 
 1781. 
 1792„ 
 
 1819. 
 
 July 
 
 17, 
 
 1857. 
 
 1885. 
 1826. 
 
 July 18, 
 
 1863. 
 ]871. 
 
 
 1877. 
 1898. 
 
 July 19, 
 
 1876. 
 
 July 20, 
 
 1881. 
 1883. 
 1782. 
 
 
 1818. 
 1861. 
 
 July 21, 
 
 1833. 
 
 Board of Trade organized. 
 
 Large war meeting; speeches by Wm. A. 
 Howard, Theo. Romeyn and H. A. Morrow. 
 
 Father Potier killed by a fall. 
 
 County of Kent created. It included all of 
 Michigan, besides other territory. 
 
 Michigan Territory was authorized to elect 
 a delegate to Congress. 
 
 First telegraph cable laid across river. 
 
 Brush Street car line opened. 
 
 Special session of Common Council to take 
 action on the deaths of John Adams and 
 Thomas Jefferson; it was "Recommended 
 that the citizens of Detroit wear crape on 
 the left arm for thirty days." 
 1839. Centenary celebration of founding of Meth- 
 odism in England. 
 1850. Wednesday. Funeral obsequies in honor of 
 
 President Zachary Taylor. 
 1888. Munkacsy's "Christ Before Pilate" exhib- 
 ited in Whitney's Opera House, corner 
 Fort and Shelby Streets. 
 
 Congress Street M. E. Church burned. 
 
 Common Council formally vacated old and 
 took possession of new City Hall. 
 
 Western Associated Press meeting., 
 
 Wayne Hotel Pavilion first opened to the 
 public. 
 
 St. Vincent's Female Orphan Asylum, Mc- 
 Dougall Avenue, dedicated. 
 
 Soldiers' Monument completed. 
 
 Strike of telegraph operators began. 
 
 The Moravians leave for a new settlement 
 in what is now Macomb County. 
 
 Detroit Mechanics' Society organized. 
 
 A war meeting resolves to erect a Soldiers' 
 Monument. 
 
 The Pontiac R. R. was opened to Royal Oak. 
 In this year the M. C. R. R. track was 
 extended down Woodward Avenue to At- 
 water Street. The first public free schools 
 were opened in Detroit. The first iron 
 water-pipes were laid, and old round- 
 house for reservoir completed. 
 
 237 
 
1853. Bar Library Association organized. 
 July 22, 1857. Barlt C. J. Kershaw sails for Liverpool 
 direct. 
 
 1862. Great war rally; speeches by H, A. Morrow, 
 General Lewis Cass, Major Flanigan, Dun- 
 can Stewart, C. L Walker, H. H. Emmons, 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Ruehle, and James F. 
 Joy. 
 
 1870. Simpson M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 1880. Steam yacht Mamie run into by steamer 
 Garland, and sixteen persons drowned, of 
 whom eleven were acolytes of Trinity 
 Church. 
 July 23, 1831. A public meeting was held this day to ex- 
 press the sentiments of the people of 
 Michigan on the appointment of S. T. 
 Mason as Secretary of the Territory, he 
 being under twenty-one years of age, and, 
 by the resignation of Governor Cass, act- 
 ing governor. 
 
 1877, This day, and for a week following, great 
 excitment about railroad strike. Canada 
 Southern R. R. trains stopped. The State 
 troops were called out for their annual 
 inspection; the Third Regiment went into 
 camp on the Reeder Farm on July 25. 
 July 24, 1701. Cadillac and his company arrive to estab- 
 lish a permanent fort and settlement at 
 Detroit. 
 
 1788. Judicial District of Hesse including Detroit, 
 created by Canadian authority. 
 
 1858. Celebration of the 157th anniversary of the 
 founding of Detroit, under the auspices of 
 the Michigan State Historical Society. 
 
 1862. City bounties first pledged. 
 July 25, 1817. The Detroit Gazette, a weekly, first issued. 
 
 1855. Over one hundred Indian chiefs hold a 
 council to settle difficulties in regard to 
 treaty of 1836. 
 
 1872. Board of Trade and Common Council excur- 
 sion to Indianapolis on opening of Detroit 
 & Eel River R. R. 
 July 26, 1701. Foundations laid for first chapel in Detroit. 
 
 228 
 
1831. Tuesday. A public dinner was given to 
 Governor Cass at the Mansion House on 
 his leaving for Washington as Secretary 
 of War. 
 
 1875. M. W. Field's sale of lots in Hamtramck 
 took place. 
 
 1882. Roadway of Woodward Avenue widened be- 
 tween Columbia Street and Willis Avenue. 
 July 27, 1798. A large number of armed men came in the 
 night time to the Grand Marais, and under 
 pretext of searching for British deserters, 
 forced open and searched the houses of 
 several inhabitants. 
 
 181S. A law was passed providing for the whip- 
 ping or hiring out of disorderly persons, 
 drunkards, and others. 
 
 1836. Lord Selkirk, son of the one famous for his 
 settlement in the wilds of Canada, visits 
 Detroit. 
 
 1777. Governor Hamilton reported that he had 
 already sent out fifteen scalping parties. 
 July 28, 1820. Rev. Eleazar Williams (the reputed Dau- 
 phin) arrived at Detroit with a number 
 of Oneida Indians. 
 
 1858. The draymen hold an indignation meeting 
 because the railroads began to use their 
 own drays. 
 
 1862. War meeting in front of Biddle House; 
 5,000 present; great enthusiasm. 
 
 1872. Sixteenth Street M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 1896. State Supreme Court decides that original 
 street car company did not have exclusive 
 rights to use streets in Detroit. 
 July 29, 1763. Several sloops and schooners arrived with 
 300 soldiers commanded by Captain Dal- 
 yell. 
 
 1805. Supreme Court of Michigan Territory or- 
 ganized. 
 
 1812. Lieutenant Hanks and officers paroled from 
 Fort Mackinaw arrived. 
 July 30, 1790. Sir John Johnson was in Detroit treating 
 
 with the Indians. 
 July 31, 1763. Battle of Bloody Run or Bloody Bridge. 
 Defeat and death of Captain Dalyell. 
 
 229 
 
1820. 
 
 1830. 
 1873. 
 
 August 1, 1823. 
 
 1834. 
 
 1856. 
 
 1864. 
 August 2, 1861. 
 
 1875. 
 
 1884. 
 August 3, 1863. 
 August 4, 1780. 
 
 1840. 
 
 1841. 
 
 1851. 
 
 1891. 
 
 August 5, 1824. 
 
 August 6, 1707. 
 1763. 
 
 1775. 
 
 Major-General Scott, with eight military 
 gentlemen, arrived to hold a court- 
 martial. 
 
 Pontiac & Detroit Railroad chartered. 
 
 Detroit & Bay City R. R. completed to Bay 
 City. In this year all stage lines from 
 Detroit ceased, and fences were removed 
 from most of the parks. 
 
 The Governor and Judges completed a con- 
 tract for the erection of a court-house and 
 capitol. 
 
 The cholera appeared, A large number of 
 deaths occurred during the month. 
 
 R. G. Dun & Co.'s agency established in 
 Detroit. 
 
 Detroit Y. M. C. A. organized. 
 
 Reception of First Regiment on their return 
 from Washington; procession, dinner, etc. 
 
 Formal opening of Young Men's Library in 
 Merrill Block. 
 
 Hunton, Miles & Week's lumber yard on 
 Franklin Street burned. 
 
 Jefferson Avenue and Woodward Avenue 
 street-cars commenced running. 
 
 Captain Bird and party return with several 
 hundred prisoners. 
 
 The boiler of the Erie exploded near Mai- 
 den. Five persons were scalded and one 
 killed. 
 
 $50,000 was appropriated by Congress for 
 the construction of Fort Wayne. 
 
 Charlotte Cushman performs in city. 
 
 Great parade of National G. A. R. 
 
 New city charter; Common Council created; 
 city boundary extended; office of alder- 
 men and mayor's court provided for. 
 
 Great council of chiefs at Fort Pontchar- 
 train. 
 
 Schooner arrived with 80 barrels of pro- 
 visions, a large quantity of naval stores, 
 and some merchandise. 
 
 A boy named George Forsyth was lost in 
 the woods, his two companions running 
 off and leaving him, and on October 2, 
 
 230 
 
1861. 
 1868. 
 
 1875. 
 
 1898. 
 August 7, 1812. 
 
 1869. 
 August 8, 1818. 
 
 1895. 
 
 August 9, 1807. 
 
 1815. 
 
 1862. 
 August 10, 1679. 
 
 1776. 
 
 1788. 
 
 1818. 
 
 1872. 
 
 1875. 
 August 11, 1865. 
 
 1875. 
 August 12, 1825. 
 
 1776, the remains were found by an Indian 
 near the upper end of the Woodbridge 
 Farm. 
 
 Sessions of the Police Court held under 
 poplar trees on present site of City Hall. 
 
 Corner-stone of City Hall laid with impos- 
 ing ceremonies. In this year the wards 
 were first divided into election districts. 
 
 Common Council decided that saloons may 
 be open from 1 to 10 p. m. on Sundays. 
 
 National Convention of Society of Elks. 
 
 General Hull returned to Detroit. 
 
 Hamtramck street-cars commenced running. 
 
 Interment in Protestant burying ground of 
 remains of soldiers massacred at River 
 Raisin. 
 
 Funeral services in honor of General Grant. 
 
 The erection of new stockade was begun. 
 
 Major Wm. H. Puthuff, of Second United 
 States Rifle Regiment, in command at De- 
 troit, retires from the army, and is pre- 
 sented by citizens with a complimentary 
 address. 
 
 Passes to Canada required to prevent citi- 
 zens fleeing from military service. 
 
 The Griffon, with La Salle, passes through 
 the Detroit. The first sail vessel on the 
 lakes. 
 
 All vessels on the lakes were required to be 
 enrolled at Detroit and placed under con- 
 trol of the Crown. 
 
 Visit of Brant, the noted chief of the Six 
 Nations. 
 
 First school in University Building opened. 
 
 Gymnasium Building on Congress Street, 
 near Randolph, burned. 
 
 Mayor Moffat vetoes council action of Aug- 
 ust 6 concerning saloons. 
 
 Michigan Soldiers' Monument Association 
 organized. 
 
 Meeting of American Association for Ad- 
 vancement of Science. 
 
 Horse-boat ferry first operated. 
 
 231 
 
1873. 
 August 13, 1763. 
 
 1770. 
 
 
 1817. 
 1867. 
 
 August 14, 
 
 1817. 
 
 
 1877. 
 
 
 1881. 
 
 August 15, 
 
 1796. 
 1817. 
 
 August 16, 1812. 
 1839. 
 
 1858. 
 
 1885. 
 August 17, 1765. 
 
 1856. Tuesday. Sixth annual meeting of the 
 American Association for the Advance- 
 ment of Education begun. 
 1865. General Grant arrived on a two days' visit; 
 received by an immense concourse of 
 people. 
 
 H. Weber's great sale of lots in Greenfield. 
 
 Schooners Beaver and Gladwin left for pro- 
 visions. 
 
 Chaplain Turring solemnized a marriage. 
 He was the first Protestant minister 
 known to have been in Detroit. 
 
 President Monroe arrives. 
 
 Great base ball tournament begun; lasted 
 six days. 
 
 City authorities present President Monroe 
 with an address. 
 
 Opening of Northwestern Regatta; it ended 
 on the following Saturday. 
 
 First through train from St. Louis arrived 
 in Detroit. 
 
 Wayne County first established. 
 
 Ball at Woodworth's Hotel in honor- of 
 President Monroe. 
 
 Postage stamps first received in Detroit. 
 
 During this year the city was first divided 
 into fire districts. 
 
 Telephones first supplied to citizens. 
 
 Four school inspectors arrested on the 
 charge of bribery. 
 
 General Hull surrenders to the English. 
 
 A locomotive was first used on the Pontiac 
 R. R. 
 
 Receipt of Queen's message by telegraph 
 cable. Buildings illuminated, 100 guns 
 fired, torchlight procession, etc., on the 
 following day. 
 
 St. Mary's Catholic Church consecrated. 
 
 Colonel George Crogan arrived; he was sent 
 by the English Government to conciliate 
 the Indian nation who had acted with 
 the French. 
 1895. United Presbyterian Church on Grand River 
 Avenue partly destroyed by wind storm; 
 several persons injured. 
 232 
 
 1847. 
 
 1878. 
 1894. 
 
1897. 
 August 18, 1873. 
 
 1882. 
 August 19, 1805. 
 
 1837. 
 
 1874. 
 
 1883. 
 
 August 20, 1852. 
 
 1874. 
 
 August 21, 1858. 
 
 1872. 
 
 1898. 
 
 August 22, 1866. 
 
 August 23, 1866. 
 
 1873. 
 1880. 
 
 August 24, 1797. 
 1828. 
 
 American Bankers' Association convention 
 held here. 
 
 Anti-park meeting held to protest against 
 Common Council providing money to pay 
 for lands contracted for by Park Commis- 
 sioners. 
 
 The Fourteenth Regiment Ohio National 
 Guard encamp on Belle Isle. 
 
 First session of District Court of Territory 
 held under a green bower on the grand 
 square. 
 
 The Bank of Homer established — the first 
 wildcat bank in Michigan. 
 
 Reception of Lord Dufferin, Governor-Gen- 
 eral of Canada. 
 
 St. Boniface Catholic Church building con- 
 secrated. 
 
 Steamer Atlantic, while on her way to De- 
 troit, collided with propellor Ogdensburgh 
 off Long Point, Lake Erie, and was sunk. 
 131 persons were lost, many of them resi- 
 dents, or friends of citizens of Detroit. 
 
 Corner-stone of New Odd Fellows' Hall laid; 
 procession, etc. 
 
 Firemen's Library and Reading Room 
 opened. 
 
 Board of Trade excursion from Indianapolis 
 arrived by way of new Eel River R. R. 
 
 Sunday. The Naval Reserves return from 
 Cuban waters and are given a great pa- 
 rade and hearty welcome. 
 
 General Hooker arrived to supersede Gen- 
 eral Ord in command of this Department. 
 
 Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the American 
 Pharmaceutic Association. 
 
 The Evening News first issued. 
 
 Central Market building completed and 
 accepted by city. 
 
 Thomas Powers arrives at Detroit in order 
 to interest General Wilkinson in the 
 French and Spanish intrigue for the pos- 
 session of Detroit and the West. 
 
 First building of St. Paul's Protestant Epis- 
 copal Church consecrated. 
 
 233 
 
1857. 
 
 1873. 
 
 August 25, 1796. 
 
 1872. 
 
 1891 
 August 26, 1764. 
 1817. 
 1850. 
 1860. 
 
 1862. 
 
 
 
 1890. 
 
 August 
 
 27, 
 
 1816. 
 1862. 
 1865. 
 
 1SS4, 
 
 1885 
 
 August 
 
 28, 
 
 , 1763 
 
 August 29, 1842. 
 
 1881. 
 August 30, 1764. 
 
 1794. 
 1845 
 1858 
 
 The Ohio Life and Trust Company failed. 
 St Aloysius Catholic Church dedicated. 
 Rev David Jones, Baptist minister, chap- 
 lain of General Wayne's army, arrives. 
 Street-cars stopped running on account of 
 horse disease; the express companies de- 
 livered and collected goods in hand-carts 
 for several days. 
 Detroit Exposition (third year) opened. 
 Colonel Bradstreet with 1,200 troops arrived. 
 City Library incorporated. 
 Detroit and Saline plank-road first opened. 
 New Jerusalem Church on Macomb Avenue 
 dedicated. Tabernacle Baptist Church, 
 Washington Avenue, dedicated. 
 Presentation of colors to Twenty-fourth 
 Regiment of Michigan Infantry on Cam- 
 pus Martins. 
 Detroit Exposition (second year) opened. 
 Steamboat Walk-in-the-Water arrived at 
 Detroit— first trip. .^ , 
 
 General O. B. Willcox returns to Detroit and 
 
 receives a public welcome. 
 Police Commissioners enforce the Sunday 
 
 ordinance for the first time. 
 The quadrennial meeting of the bishops of 
 the African M. B. Church convened at 
 Bethel M. E. Church, Lafayette Street. 
 Russell Street car-line opened. ^ 
 
 The Beaver with guns and cargo lost at 
 
 Cat Fish Creek. 
 The corporation of Detroit was made the 
 successor of the Governor and Judges as 
 a Land Board. 
 Board of Park Commissioners created. 
 All inhabitants over 15 years of age ap- 
 peared, by order, to renew their oath of 
 alleffiance 
 General Wayne defeats the English and 
 
 Indians. , ^ _ 
 
 First Congregational Church, Jefferson 
 
 Avenue, dedicated. 
 D. & M. R. R. completed to Grand Haven. 
 First session of High School. 
 
 334 
 
1860. 
 
 1867. 
 
 August 31, 1764. 
 
 1809. 
 
 1822. 
 
 1841. 
 
 1880. 
 
 September 1, 1815. 
 
 183.9. 
 
 1859. 
 1865. 
 
 1883. 
 
 1884. 
 
 1888. 
 September 2, 1819. 
 
 1836. 
 
 1858. 
 September 3, 1761. 
 
 1763. 
 
 1783. 
 
 1864. 
 
 1883. 
 September 4, 1823. 
 
 1855. 
 
 French Methodist Church dedicated as a 
 Jewish Synagogue. 
 
 Former Tabernacle Baptist Church dedi- 
 cated as Beth El Temple. 
 
 Gladwin relieved of command of Detroit by 
 Colonel Bradstreet. 
 
 The Michigan Essay or Impartial Observer 
 was first issued. It was the first paper 
 printed in Detroit. 
 
 A meeting of citizens resolves to discour- 
 age the further circulation of individual 
 bills of less than one dollar. 
 
 Mt. Elliott Cemetery was established. 
 
 Music Hall opened. 
 
 Major-Generals Brown and Smith left in the 
 brig Niagara for Buffalo. 
 
 The steamboat Great Western was burned 
 at Detroit. 
 
 First through train arrived from Milwaukee. 
 
 Central M. E. Chapel on Adams Avenue 
 dedicated. 
 
 The Art Loan opened. The Evening Jour- 
 nal first issued. 
 
 General B. F. Butler addressed a political 
 meeting in west Grand Circus Park. 
 
 Art Museum opened. 
 
 First election in Detroit for delegate to Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Meeting in Detroit to oppose yielding terri- 
 tory to Ohio. 
 
 First trial of a steam fire engine. 
 
 Sir William Johnson, superintendent of 
 Indian tribes, and his party arrive. 
 
 The Indians burned a windmill about 300 
 yards from the fort. 
 
 Second treaty between England and the 
 United States. 
 
 News of victory at Atlanta; impromptu cele- 
 bration held. 
 
 Postal notes first issued in Detroit. 
 
 First members of Legislative Council 
 elected. 
 
 Old Cass warehouse, corner of Front and 
 First Streets, burned; loss $30,000. 
 
 235 
 
1860. 
 
 1866. 
 1898. 
 
 September 5, 1763. 
 
 September 
 
 1871. 
 
 1883. 
 
 6, 1687. 
 
 1835. 
 
 
 1836. 
 1837. 
 
 
 1844. 
 
 
 1865. 
 
 September 
 
 7, 1858. 
 
 September 8, 1815. 
 
 
 
 1853. 
 
 
 
 1873. 
 
 
 
 1881. 
 
 September 
 
 9, 
 
 1896. 
 1885. 
 
 September 
 
 10, 
 
 1813 
 1867, 
 
 September 11, 1800. 
 
 Tuesday. Immense Republican gathering. — 
 Wideawakes out in multitudes; 3,500 
 torchlights in procession; speech by Gov- 
 ernor Seward. 
 
 President Johnson visits Detroit. 
 
 Sunday. Thirty-fourth Michigan Regiment 
 returns from Cuba. Many sick taken to 
 hospitals. 
 
 Schooner Gladwin arrived with 47 barrels of 
 flour and 160 barrels of pork. 
 
 Ebenezer African M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Zoological Garden opened. 
 
 Baron de la Hontan visits this locality. 
 
 Governor Mason and General Brown, with 
 about 1,000 militia, enter Toledo to pre- 
 vent the holding of a session of the Lucas 
 County Court. 
 
 Street names first ordered at street corners. 
 
 First session of Michigan Conference at De- 
 troit. 
 
 The Scotch Presbyterian Church was first 
 used. 
 
 Port Street Railroad opened from Wood- 
 ward Avenue west to the river. 
 
 Tuesday. Commencement of forty-ninth 
 meeting of the American Board of Com- 
 missioners for Foreign Missions. 
 
 General Harrison concluded a treaty with 
 Indians. 
 
 Unitarian Church, Lafayette Avenue, dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 St. Paul's Lutheran Church, Jos. Campau 
 Avenue, dedicated. 
 
 Meeting held to raise money for sufferers by 
 Michigan fires. 
 
 New Central High School building first used. 
 
 Chauncey Hurlbut died. He left about 
 $250,000 to the city for Water Works Park 
 and for a library. 
 
 Perry defeats the English on Lake Erie. 
 
 Nineteenth Annual State Fair; held on Race 
 Course in Hamtramck. 
 
 Rev. David Bacon, missionary to the Indi- 
 ans, arrives on his first visit. 
 
 236 
 
1850. 
 1862. 
 
 September 12, 1830. 
 
 1862. 
 1863. 
 1869. 
 
 1871. 
 
 1898. 
 
 September 13, 1806. 
 
 1832. 
 
 1855. 
 
 1874. 
 1875. 
 1884. 
 
 September 14, 1845. 
 September 15, 1817. 
 
 1853. 
 
 1869. 
 1877. 
 
 Frederika Beamer arrived. 
 
 Meeting of the Bar to consider the propriety 
 of adjourning the Wayne Circuit Court 
 on account of the condition of the coun- 
 try; union of action of all parties recom- 
 mended. 
 
 Election of delegates to State Convention 
 on accepting admission on terms proposed 
 by Congress. 
 
 Arrival of Twenty-first Regiment; reception 
 and supper at the depot. 
 
 Gratiot Avenue street-cars commenced run- 
 ning. 
 
 The United Presbyterian Society dedicated 
 their building on corner of Lafayette Ave- 
 nue and Wayne Street. 
 
 D., L. & N. R. R. formally opened to Green- 
 ville, with excursion from Detroit. 
 
 New Detroit Opera House opened. 
 
 City of Detroit incorporated. 
 
 Death and burial of Father Richard. 
 
 Bishop Edward Fenwick in Detroit on a 
 visit. 
 
 New Odd Fellows' Hall, facing Campus Mar- 
 tins, dedicated. 
 
 Tabernacle M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Whitney's Opera House opened. 
 
 In the evening General John A. Logan ad- 
 dressed a Republican meeting at the 
 Roller Skating Rink, on Larned Street 
 East. 
 
 Congress Street M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 First Evangelistic Society of Detroit organ- 
 ized. 
 
 Great Union S. S. celebration; procession 
 and excursion on steamboats May Queen 
 and Keystone State. 
 
 Twentieth Annual State Fair held at Race 
 Course in Hamtramck. 
 
 Return of Bishop Borgess from Europe by 
 way of C. S. R. R. The train traveled 111 
 miles in 109 minutes from St. Thomas to 
 Detroit. 
 
 237 
 
September 16, 16^4. 
 1799. 
 
 1878. 
 
 September 17, 1778. 
 
 1792. 
 
 1831. 
 
 1877. 
 1879. 
 
 1883. 
 1884. 
 
 
 
 1889. 
 
 September 
 
 18, 
 
 1865, 
 
 1878. 
 1879. 
 
 September 
 
 19, 
 
 1803, 
 1806. 
 1849. 
 
 1864. 
 1866. 
 
 September 
 
 20, 
 
 1849. 
 
 1860 
 18/4. 
 
 September 21, 1825. 
 
 Cadillac appointed commandant at Mack- 
 inaw. 
 
 Second session of General Assembly of the 
 Territory of the United States Northwest 
 of the Ohio River held at Cincinnati. 
 
 The State Fair opened on Cass Avenue, 
 near Holden Road; it lasted five days. 
 
 Governor Hamilton indicted for allowing 
 the execution of Coutincinau. 
 
 First Canadian legislature convenes at 
 Newark. 
 
 George B. Porter, the new governor, arrived. 
 He stopped at the Mansion House. 
 
 Vail & Crane's cracker factory burned. 
 
 Rev. Dr. S, S. Harris consecrated Protestant 
 Episcopal Bishop of Michigan. 
 
 Opening of the State Fair. 
 
 A fire broke out about 2:30 p. m., on High 
 Street, between Third and Fourth Streets; 
 it extended to Grand River Avenue, and 
 destroyed two planing mills, several small 
 stores, and six or seven houses; the loss 
 reaching probably $50,000. 
 
 Detroit Exposition first opened. 
 
 M. C. R. R. freight depot burned. Loss 
 $1,500,000. 
 
 Liggett's Home and Day School first opened. 
 
 President Hayes and wife visited the city 
 and the State Fair on the Cass Farm. 
 
 First fire company organized. 
 
 Detroit Bank incorporated. 
 
 Introduction of large imported French plate 
 glass show-windows (the largest west of 
 New York City) by Geo. Doty, jeweler. 
 
 Steamer Philo Parsons seized by rebel sym- 
 pathizers in the Detroit River. 
 
 East end of Fort Street and Blmwood Rail- 
 road opened. 
 
 Millard Fillmore visits the city as guest of 
 Mayor Howard. 
 
 Arrival of the Prince of Wales. 
 
 St. John's Lutheran Church, Russell Street, 
 dedicated. 
 
 Fire Engine No. 1 purchased. 
 
 238 
 
1835. 
 1844. 
 1854. 
 
 1880. 
 
 September 22, 1747. 
 
 1823. 
 1845. 
 
 1852. 
 1862. 
 
 September 23, 1846. 
 
 September 24, 1817. 
 
 1830. 
 
 1851. 
 
 September 25, 
 
 1851. 
 1849 
 
 
 1851, 
 
 
 1861. 
 
 September 26, 
 
 1879. 
 1765, 
 1854, 
 
 September 27, 1860. 
 
 John S. Horner, Secretary of the Territory, 
 arrives in Detroit. 
 
 The Allgemeine Zeitung, a German paper, 
 was first issued. 
 
 Fort Street Congregational Church dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 The Evening News was first printed on a 
 Scott press, using the papier-mache pro- 
 cess. 
 
 A large number of boats with 150 soldiers 
 arrived from Montreal. 
 
 Corner-stone of capitol laid. 
 
 Electric Telegraph first explained and illus- 
 trated in Detroit. 
 
 Fourth State Fair; held on Third Street, 
 between Michigan and Grand River Ave- 
 nues. 
 
 Fourteenth Annual State Fair; held at De- 
 troit Riding Park; Parson Brownlow, the 
 editorial hero of East Tennessee, gave an 
 address. 
 
 M. C. R. R. transferred to a corporation. 
 
 Corner-stone of University Building laid. 
 
 Man named Simmons hanged for murder of 
 his wife. 
 
 Third State Fair; held on Third Street, be- 
 tween Michigan and Grand River Ave- 
 nues. 
 
 Streets first lighted with gas. 
 
 First Annual Fair Michigan State Agricul- 
 tural Society; held on Woodward Ave- 
 nue, south of Duflaeld Street. 
 
 Verdict of guilty against twelve of the per- 
 sons indicted as railroad conspirators. 
 
 Thirteenth Annual State Fair; held on De- 
 troit Riding Park, Woodward Avenue, 
 north of Davenport Street. 
 
 The city purchased Belle Isle for a park. 
 
 Colonel Crogan left for Niagara. 
 
 Sixth State Fair; held on Third Street, be- 
 tween Michigan and Grand River Avenues. 
 
 Lady Jane Franklin visits the city on her 
 way West; she stopped at the Russell 
 House. 
 
 239 
 
1864. 
 1867. 
 September 28, 1813. 
 1825. 
 1835. 
 1840. 
 
 1853. 
 
 1857. 
 
 1858. 
 
 1860. 
 
 1887. 
 September 29, 1806. 
 
 1813. 
 
 1841. 
 1857. 
 
 September 30, 1840. 
 1859. 
 
 October 
 
 1, 1836. 
 1856. 
 
 1876. 
 
 1883. 
 1886. 
 
 First draft in city to fill required quota. 
 
 New gas works commenced operations. 
 
 Fort Detroit evacuated by the English. 
 
 Hook and ladder company provided for. 
 
 The Daily Free Press was first issued. 
 
 Vice-President Richard M. Johnson, who 
 killed Tecumseh, visited Detroit to attend 
 a Democratic barbecue on Cass Farm. 
 
 Fifth State Fair; held on Third Street, be- 
 tween Michigan and Grand River Ave- 
 nues. 
 
 Russell House first opened. 
 
 Tenth Annual State Fair; held on the 
 Ladies' Riding Park, on west side of 
 Woodward Avenue, north of Davenport 
 Street. 
 
 Miss Dix, the philanthropist, visited the 
 city, and inspected the jail, hospitals and 
 the poorhouse at Wayne. 
 
 First marriage license issued in Detroit. 
 
 First election for members of TTpper House 
 of Common Council of City of Detroit. 
 
 General Duncan McArthur takes possession 
 of Detroit; Perry's fleet arrives; General 
 Harrison issues proclamation restoring 
 citizens and military officers to the civil 
 and military status they possessed before 
 Hull's surrender. 
 
 A volunteer night-watch was organized. 
 
 Ninth Annual State Fair; held on Race 
 Course in Hamtramck. 
 
 Great Whig meeting at Detroit. 
 
 Citizens' meeting authorizing a loan of 
 $250,000 for the erection of a new City 
 Hall and $50,000 for a Workhouse. 
 
 Cars first run from Toledo to Adrian. 
 
 Eighth Annual State Fair; held on the 
 Race Course in Hamtramck. 
 
 Little Sisters Home for the Aged Poor, be- 
 tween Orleans and Dequindre Streets, 
 opened. 
 
 Two-cent letter postage began. 
 
 Electric railway to Highland Park first 
 opened. 
 
 240 
 
October 
 
 2, 
 
 1813, 
 1856, 
 1860 
 
 1883, 
 
 October 
 
 3, 
 
 1763. 
 1855. 
 
 October 
 
 4, 
 
 1818. 
 1843, 
 
 1859. 
 
 October 
 
 5, 
 
 1813 
 1835. 
 1894. 
 
 October 
 
 6, 
 
 1813. 
 
 1874, 
 
 October 
 
 7, 
 
 1778. 
 1813. 
 
 1845. 
 
 General Harrison, with 3,500 men, leaves in 
 pursuit of Proctor. 
 
 Great Republican meeting on vacant lot 
 corner Woodward and Adams Avenues. 
 
 Twelfth Annual State Fair; held on west 
 side of Woodward Avenue, north of Dav- 
 enport Street. 
 
 The American Board of Commissioners for 
 Foreign Missions assembled. 
 
 A schooner arrived with 185 barrels of pro- 
 visions. 
 
 Seventh Annual State Fair; held on Third 
 Street, between Michigan and Grand 
 River Avenues. 
 
 First session of a Protestant Sunday school 
 in the city. 
 
 First state gathering of uniformed militia 
 consisting of two regiments. They went 
 into camp on the Cass Farm for eight 
 weeks. 
 
 Eleventh Annual State Fair; held on west 
 side of Woodward Avenue, north of Dav- 
 enport Street. 
 
 Battle of the Thames; Proctor defeated; 
 Tecumseh killed. 
 
 First State election and first Constitution of 
 Michigan adopted by vote of the people. 
 
 Fire at Keenan & Jahn's Furniture Store, 
 215 Woodward Avenue. Six persons 
 killed. 
 
 General Harrison arrives after battle of the 
 Thames. 
 
 The Whittle and Bliss revival meetings 
 began. 
 
 Governor Hamilton and his forces leave for 
 Vincennes. 
 
 Commodore O. H. Perry returns to Detroit. 
 In the fall of this year there was great 
 distress among the citizens of Detroit and 
 vicinity from want of provisions. During 
 the following winter 700 of General Har- 
 rison's soldiers died of disease. 
 
 First fire-limits ordinance passed. 
 
 241 
 
October 10, 1823. 
 
 1884. John P. St. John, the Prohibition candidate 
 for President, delivered an address at the 
 Detroit Opera House. 
 
 1884. Ninth annual meeting of the Church Con- 
 gress of the Protestant Episcopal Church 
 held at Whitney's Opera House. 
 
 1897. Great fire burns Detroit Opera House, the 
 building just east, the Schmidt block on 
 Monroe Avenue, and the Leonard and 
 other buildings on Gratiot Avenue, Loss 
 $700,000. 
 October 8, 1811. Five selectmen or councillors for district of 
 
 Detroit were elected. 
 
 1846. Elmwood Cemetery opened. 
 October 9, 1814. General McArthur and 700 mounted riflemen 
 
 arrive for the defense of Detroit. 
 
 1843. A grand review of troops was held. 
 
 1871. Great fire in Chicago; $25,000 raised at citi- 
 zens' meeting in one hour to aid those 
 who were in need. 
 Friday. Rev. Cutler Dallas arrived with 
 Major Long, Professors Say and Keating, 
 and Messrs. Calhoun and Seymour, of the 
 Northwest Exploring Expedition; they 
 left on the 14th. 
 October 11, 1830. First water supplied by steam power. 
 
 1843. The celebrated Copper Rock from Ontona- 
 gon, Lake Superior, arrived— length four 
 feet six inches; width four feet; thickness 
 18 inches. Brought by Mr. J. Eldred. 
 This same rock was seen by Alexander 
 Henry in 1776, and he cut a 100 pound 
 piece from it with an axe. 
 
 1863. Second brick Baptist Church erected, cor- 
 ner of Fort and Griswold Streets. 
 
 1869. Colored children first admitted to all public 
 schools. 
 
 1873. Great fire — J. F, Weber's mill, a brewery, 
 bottling works, and eight dwellings 
 burned. 
 
 1894. Gov. McKinley speaks at a political meet- 
 ing in the Auditorium. 
 October 12, 1836. Meeting in Detroit to oppose yielding ter- 
 ritory to Ohio. 
 
 242 
 
October 
 
 October 
 
 1864. 
 
 1871. 
 
 13, 1804. 
 
 1853. 
 
 14, 1849. 
 1877. 
 
 1884. 
 
 
 
 1893 
 
 October 
 
 15, 
 
 1860. 
 1871. 
 1873. 
 
 October 
 
 16, 
 
 1792. 
 
 October 
 
 17, 
 
 1839, 
 
 October 
 
 October 
 
 1844. 
 
 1870. 
 
 18, 1834. 
 1836. 
 1876. 
 
 1881. 
 
 19, 1882. 
 
 Harper Hospital first opened. Free mail 
 delivery by carriers began this month. 
 
 Citizens' meeting for relief of distress by 
 fires on Lake Huron and at Manistee. 
 
 A town meeting of citizens at Court House 
 considered a memorial to be forwarded to 
 Congress, asking for a separate territorial 
 government. 
 
 Mrs. Amelia Bloomer, originator of the 
 Bloomer costume, lectured in Firemen's 
 Hall on "Woman's Rights." 
 
 Lafayette Street M, B. Church dedicated. 
 
 The first number of the Post and Tribune 
 was issued. 
 
 James G. Blaine and John C. Fremont pres- 
 ent at a Republican gathering. Parade of 
 five hundred horsemen and many torch- 
 bearers in the evening. 
 
 Harmonie Hall burned. 
 
 Monday. Immense Democratic meeting; 
 speech by Stephen A. Douglas. 
 
 Fort Street M. E. Church dedicated. Zion 
 African M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Cass Avenue and Third Street Railroad 
 opened. 
 
 Name of District of Hesse changed to West- 
 ern District. 
 
 The M. C. R. R was opened to Ann Arbor. 
 An excursion train with the Brady Guards 
 and 800 citizens visited that city. 
 
 An immense Clay and Frelinghuysen mass 
 meeting of citizens of Wayne and St. Clair 
 Counties was held. The principal streets 
 were decorated with flags, banners, patri- 
 otic inscriptions, etc. 
 
 Triennial Council of Congregational 
 Churches convenes. 
 
 First hose company organized. 
 
 First sale of lots on Cass Farm. 
 
 Thirteenth annual meeting of National 
 Association of Locomotive Engineers. 
 
 Universalist Church dedicated. 
 
 Mt. Hope Congregational Mission building 
 dedicated. 
 
 243 
 
October 
 
 20, 
 
 1764. 
 
 October 
 
 21, 
 
 1827. 
 1847. 
 1860. 
 
 October 
 
 22, 
 
 1874. 
 1849. 
 1897. 
 
 October 
 
 23, 
 
 1828. 
 
 1837. 
 1851. 
 
 1866. 
 1866. 
 
 1868. 
 
 October 
 
 24, 
 
 1893. 
 1815. 
 
 1866. 
 
 October 
 
 25, 
 
 1882. 
 1817. 
 
 1866. 
 
 October 
 
 26, 
 
 1822. 
 
 1852. 
 
 
 1861. 
 
 October 
 
 27, 1891 
 
 October 
 
 28, 1831 
 
 The sloop Charlotte sailed for Fort Erie 
 
 with 121 packs of peltries, the last of 
 
 1,464 packs sent since April. 
 First Baptist Society organized. 
 First Board of Trade organized. 
 Anniversary of M. E. S. S. Union and Tract 
 
 Society. 
 Home of Friendless dedicated. 
 Peninsular Bank began business. 
 Boiler of Detroit Cabinet Co. exploded. 
 
 Seven persons injured. 
 Fire in woods about Detroit; dense smoke 
 
 each morning. 
 First meeting of synod of Michigan. 
 Firemen's Hall No, 2 first opened. Theresa 
 
 Parodi and Amalie Patti sing in Detroit. 
 Funeral of ex-Governor Wm. Woodbridge. 
 State S. S. Convention, D. L. Moody and 
 
 Ralph Wells in attendance. 
 Schuyler Colfax visits the city. Grand 
 
 River Avenue cars commenced running. 
 Lord and Lady Aberdeen visit Detroit. 
 New city charter granted. City limits ex- 
 tended to include Cass Farm. 
 Trinity Lutheran Church, Gratiot Avenue, 
 
 dedicated. 
 Street-sweeping machines first used. 
 Arrival of mail indicated by the blowing of 
 
 a horn. 
 M. E. Centenary Jubilee; sermon by Dr. E. 
 
 O. Haven; Union love-feast, etc. 
 Committe appointed to draw up a petition 
 
 to Congress, asking for a better form of 
 
 government. 
 Meeting of citizens held on call of mayor 
 
 to express regret at death of Hon. Daniel 
 
 Webster. 
 A Union political convention agrees to put 
 
 only one ticket in the field. 
 U. S. Cruiser "Detroit" launched at Balti- 
 more, Md. 
 A public meeting was held at the council 
 
 room to consider the subject of internal 
 
 improvements, and petition Congress in 
 
 relation thereto. 
 
 244 
 

 
 1866. 
 
 
 
 1892 
 
 October 
 
 29, 
 
 1798, 
 1866, 
 1876. 
 
 October 
 
 30, 
 
 1862, 
 
 1877, 
 
 October 
 
 81, 
 
 1834. 
 1883. 
 
 November 
 
 1, 
 
 1859 
 1864, 
 
 1866. 
 1871. 
 
 1875. 
 
 1879. 
 
 November 2, 1826. 
 1835. 
 
 1875. 
 
 November 3, 1781. 
 
 Political speech by General Butler at D. & 
 M. R. R. 
 
 Gov. McKinley speaks at political meeting 
 in the Detroit Rink. 
 
 Election ordered for members of General 
 Assembly of Northwest Territory. 
 
 Trinity Catholic Church, corner of Porter 
 and Sixth Streets, consecrated. 
 
 Sunday. The Larned Street extension of 
 the Cass Avenue Railroad was laid on 
 this day. 
 
 Postal currency first received at Detroit. 
 
 Second Biennial Conference of U. S. Evan- 
 gelical Alliance at First Presbyterian 
 Church. 
 
 First real estate tax voted for by citizens. 
 
 The tenth annual convention of the 
 National W. C. T. U. began. 
 
 Merrill Hall first opened. 
 
 P. 0. money orders first issued in Detroit. 
 
 , Flint & Pere Marquette cars arrive at De- 
 troit, using track of D. & M. R. R. from 
 Holly. Great Union and Republican dem- 
 onstration; speeches by Salmon P. Chase 
 and others; illuminations, torchlight pro- 
 cession, etc. 
 
 Political speech by Schuyler Colfax at 
 Young Men's Hall. 
 
 Signal service reports commenced at De- 
 troit. 
 
 Immense Law and Order meeting at Opera 
 House to promote election of a mayor 
 opposed to saloons being opened on Sun- 
 day. 
 
 Senator Chandler died in his room at the 
 Grand Pacific Hotel, Chicago. 
 
 First session of Second Legislative Council. 
 
 First session of the Legislature under the 
 State Constitution. 
 
 Alexander Lewis elected mayor on the Law 
 and Order ticket. 
 
 Arrival of the Moravian brethren arrested 
 at Sandusky by order of Colonel A. S. De 
 Peyster on charge of aiding the Ameri- 
 cans. 
 
 245 
 
November 
 
 November 
 
 1800. 
 
 1830. 
 1845. 
 1870. 
 1872. 
 
 1891. 
 
 4, 1791. 
 
 1863. 
 
 5, 1782. 
 
 1850. 
 
 1859. 
 1871. 
 
 1898. 
 
 November 6, 1850. 
 1861. 
 
 1877. 
 1887. 
 1895. 
 
 November 7, 1811. 
 
 1862. 
 
 1893. 
 November 8, 1836. 
 
 1862. 
 
 1876. 
 
 1870. 
 November 9, 1775. 
 
 General Assembly of Northwest Territory 
 convenes at Chillicothe. 
 
 Wayne County Bible Society organized. 
 
 Last two-day election held. 
 
 Gamewell fire-alarm telegraph first tested. 
 
 New Jerusalem Church, corner of Cass Ave- 
 nue and High Street, dedicated. 
 
 Australian ballot system first used. 
 
 Governor St. Clair and his army defeated by 
 the English and Indians. 
 
 Second National Bank opened for business. 
 
 The Moravians consecrate their church on 
 the Clinton River. 
 
 Second Constitution of Michigan adopted by 
 vote of the people. Prosecuting Attorney 
 first elected. 
 
 Second trial of steam fire engine. 
 
 Scotch Presbyterian church, brick building, 
 dedicated. 
 
 Wonderland building, in course of construc- 
 tion, falls in and twelve workmen are 
 killed. 
 
 St. Mary's Hospital, Clinton Street, opened. 
 
 Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Society organized. 
 
 Saloons first closed on Election Day. 
 
 Y. M. C. A. building dedicated. 
 
 Boiler explosion in building southeast cor- 
 ner of Larned and Shelby Streets, occu- 
 pied by Detroit Journal. Thirty-six per- 
 sons killed. 
 
 General Harrison defeated the Indians at 
 Tippecanoe. 
 
 Trumbull Avenue Congregational Mission 
 dedicated, in original location. 
 
 Chapman Revival Meetings began. 
 
 First presidential election participated in by 
 citizens of Michigan. 
 
 Major-General Richardson's remains ar- 
 rived; escorted to depot by military and 
 citizens. 
 
 Great excitement over Presidential election 
 returns. 
 
 Colored people first voted. 
 
 Lieutenant-Governor Hamilton arrived in 
 Detroit. 
 
 246 
 
1841. 
 
 November 10, 1858. 
 November 11, 1872. 
 
 1875. 
 1896. 
 
 November 12, 1895. 
 
 November 13, 1873. 
 November 14, 1836. 
 
 1888. 
 November 15, 1872. 
 
 1897. 
 
 November 16, 1863. 
 1873. 
 
 1895. 
 
 November 17, 1807. 
 
 1819. 
 
 1867. 
 
 The city marshal, by direction of the Com- 
 mon Council, tears down and demolishes a 
 disreputable house. 
 
 Old University Building torn down. 
 
 Meeting of citizens to express sympathy and 
 proffer aid to Boston on account of fire of 
 November 10. 
 
 Harmonie Society building dedicated. 
 
 General Missionary Society of M. E. Church 
 began its sessions at Central Church. 
 
 United States Supreme Court refuses to hear 
 suit to forfeit the charter of the Citizens' 
 Street Railway Co. 
 
 Canada Southern Railroad opened to Toledo. 
 
 Democratic County Convention recomiiiend 
 the holding of another convention and the 
 accepting of the State boundary proposed 
 by Congress. 
 
 Women's National Congress convenes here. 
 
 Wood-working room of M. C. R. R. burned; 
 loss $100,000 
 
 Nansen, the Polar explorer, arrives and lec- 
 tures. 
 
 First National Bank opened for business. 
 
 St. Joseph's Catholic Church, Orleans Street, 
 consecrated. Rev. Newman Hall, of Lon- 
 don, visited the city. 
 
 Match factory, corner Gratiot and Bellevue 
 Avenues, burned; loss $50,000 and three 
 lives. 
 
 A council was held with the Ottawas, Chip- 
 pewas, Wyandottes and Potowatamies, 
 and they ceded a large tract of land in the 
 eastern part of the State. 
 
 Edward Tanner found his brother, John 
 Tanner, near Detroit. He had been a cap- 
 tive 28 years. John subsequently married 
 a chambermaid at Ben. Woodworth's 
 Hotel, but he treated her so unkindly that 
 she left him and the legislature gave her 
 a divorce. 
 
 Central M. E. Church, corner Woodward and 
 Adams Avenues, dedicated. 
 
 247 
 
1879. 
 
 1894. 
 
 November 18, 1835. 
 
 1855. 
 
 November 19, 1794. 
 
 1849. 
 1850. 
 
 1859. 
 
 1873. 
 November 20, 1853. 
 
 1860. 
 November 21, 1859. 
 
 1861. 
 
 1874. 
 1876. 
 
 1879. 
 
 November 22, 1824. 
 
 1872. 
 November 23, 1875. 
 
 1888. 
 
 1893. 
 
 November 24, 1830. 
 1851. 
 
 November 25, 1819. 
 1824. 
 
 Michigan College of Medicine opened. Gov- 
 ernor Croswell appointed ex-Governor 
 Henry P. Baldwin U. S. Senator. 
 
 Gen. Booth of the Salvation Army in De- 
 troit. 
 
 Old City Hall first occupied. 
 
 Fort Street Presbyterian Church dedicated. 
 
 The Jay Treaty between England and the 
 United States concluded. 
 
 Daily Tribune first issued. 
 
 M. C. R. R. freight depot burned; loss $150,- 
 000. Amin Bey, commissioner of Turkey, 
 visits the city. 
 
 St. John's P. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Detroit Transit Railroad first used. 
 
 French M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Second steam fire engine ordered. 
 
 Grand Trunk R. R. opened from Detroit to 
 Port Huron. 
 
 New Young Men's Hall opened. Address by 
 Jacob M. Howard. 
 
 Second Congregational Church dedicated. 
 
 Opening of Railroad Reading Rooms at 
 Grand Trunk Junction. 
 
 St. Mary's Hospital, on St. Antoine Street, 
 opened. 
 
 St. Paul's P. E. Church organized. 
 
 Old City Hall torn down. 
 
 Phoenix Club House opened. 
 
 Bishop J. S. Foley received public welcome 
 as Bishop of Detroit. 
 
 Edson, Moore & Co.'s wholesale dry goods 
 store on Jefferson Avenue, corner Bates 
 Street, burned. Seven persons killed. 
 
 Detroit Journal and Michigan Advertiser 
 first issued. 
 
 Monday. Reception of Dr. Kinkel, the dis- 
 tinguished German patriot, poet, and 
 scholar. Thousands of citizens congre- 
 gated before the Biddle House to bid him 
 welcome. 
 
 Elephant exhibited for first time in Detroit. 
 
 Under proclamation from Governor Cass, 
 Thanksgiving Day was observed for the 
 first time. 
 
 248 
 

 
 1872. 
 
 
 
 1880. 
 
 November 
 
 26, 
 
 1827. 
 1877. 
 
 November 
 
 27, 
 
 , 1850. 
 1875. 
 
 1897. 
 
 November 
 
 28, 
 
 1861. 
 1894. 
 
 November 
 
 29, 
 
 1760. 
 1847. 
 1881. 
 
 November 
 
 30, 
 
 1782. 
 1857. 
 
 December 
 
 1, 
 
 1836. 
 
 December 
 
 2, 
 
 1866. 
 1883. 
 
 December 
 
 3, 
 
 1838. 
 
 December 
 
 4, 
 
 1838. 
 1873. 
 1898. 
 
 December 
 
 5, 
 
 1842. 
 1857. 
 
 Anniversary of M. E. Tract Society. 
 
 Jubilee thanksgiving services held at Cen- 
 tral Church to celebrate payment of debts 
 on all Methodist Episcopal Churches in 
 the city. 
 
 First sidewalk ordinance passed. 
 
 First provision made for licensing news- 
 boys. 
 
 First Young Men's Hall completed. 
 
 District Telegraph Company went into oper- 
 ation. 
 
 New PostofRce first opened. 
 
 Reception to Colonel Mulligan, the hero of 
 Lexington, Mo. Procession, dinner, etc. 
 
 Franchise granted to new Detroit Railway 
 Co. 
 
 Port Pontchartrain surrendered by the 
 French to the English. 
 
 First telegraph dispatch from Detroit sent 
 to Ypsilanti. 
 
 Westminster Presbyterian Church, Wood- 
 ward Avenue, dedicated. 
 
 Preliminary treaty between England and 
 America concluded. 
 
 Marine Hospital opened. 
 
 National Hotel first opened. 
 
 St. Vincent de Paul Catholic Church conse- 
 crated. 
 
 Cass Avenue M. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Five hundred so-called Canadian Patriots 
 on the Fcrsyth Farm were dispersed by 
 General Brady. 
 
 The Patriots attack Windsor, and are com- 
 pelled to retreat, losing many men. 
 
 Great wind storm — doing much damage to 
 shipping, buildings, etc. 
 
 Large quantities of heavy wet snow fall, do- 
 ing much damage to telephone, telegraph 
 and trolley wires by causing them to fall. 
 
 Henry Barnard lectured in Detroit on 
 schools and education. 
 
 Citizens' meeting at City Hall; expenditure 
 of $50,000 for workhouse voted down. 
 
 249 
 
December 
 
 6, 
 
 1866. 
 1873. 
 
 December 
 
 7, 
 
 1890. 
 1897. 
 
 December 
 
 8, 
 
 1867. 
 
 December 
 
 9, 
 
 1791. 
 
 1800. 
 1838. 
 
 1855. 
 
 December 
 
 10, 
 
 1879. 
 1852. 
 
 December 
 December 
 
 11, 
 12, 
 
 1887. 
 1894. 
 1849. 
 
 December 
 
 13, 
 
 1878. 
 1819. 
 
 1869. 
 1871. 
 
 1891. 
 
 December 14, 1808. 
 1836. 
 
 December 15, 1851. 
 
 1877. 
 
 December 16, 1879. 
 
 1889. 
 
 Rev. Wm. E. Armitage consecrated Bishop 
 of Wisconsin, 
 
 Congress and Baker street-cars commenced 
 running. 
 
 National Convention of Federation of Labor 
 at Detroit. 
 
 Tiie "Yantic," the drill ship given the Naval 
 Reserves by the United States, arrives. 
 
 Our Lady of Help, Catholic Church, conse- 
 crated. 
 
 The Montreal merchants protest against tne 
 delivering up the western posts. 
 
 Circuit Court for Wayne County created, 
 
 Major-General Scott and suite arrived for 
 the purpose of maintaining neutrality. 
 
 Jefferson Avenue Presbyterian Church dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 New Industrial School building dedicated, 
 
 0. M. Hyde's immense Floating Dock 
 launched. 
 
 First Cremation in Detroit. 
 
 Detroit Railway incorporated. 
 
 Pontiac R, R, on Gratiot Avenue torn up by 
 citizens. 
 
 Modjeska performs in Detroit. 
 
 The Commissioners report the Pontiac Road 
 as laid out. 
 
 Calvary Presbyterian Church dedicated. 
 
 National Commercial Convention of Board 
 of Trade at Board of Trade building. 
 
 First Congregational Church, corner of 
 Woodward and Forest Avenues, dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 The Park Lots were ordered surveyed. 
 
 A convention was held at Ann Arbor, and 
 the terms proposed by Congress accepted. 
 (Admission as State.) 
 
 Meeting of lawyers to consider establishing 
 a Law Library. 
 
 Reservoir in Hamtramck first used. 
 
 Second German Baptist Church dedicated. 
 
 Fire at Tilden School, while children were 
 rehearsing for a Christmas entertainment 
 among lighted candles, etc. Fifteen 
 burned; six of them fatally. 
 
 250 
 
December 17, 1798. 
 
 1860. 
 1878. 
 
 1882. 
 
 
 
 1892. 
 
 
 
 1896. 
 
 Deeemoer 
 
 18, 
 
 1896. 
 
 December 
 
 19, 
 
 1852. 
 
 1861. 
 1893. 
 
 December 
 
 20, 
 
 1898. 
 
 December 
 
 21, 
 
 1821. 
 1870. 
 
 December 
 
 22, 
 
 1896. 
 
 December 
 
 23, 
 
 1849. 
 1866. 
 1871. 
 
 1890. 
 
 December 
 
 24, 
 
 1897. 
 
 December 
 
 25, 
 
 1828. 
 1855. 
 
 1878. 
 
 December 
 
 26, 
 
 1791. 
 
 1837. 
 
 1863. 
 1895. 
 
 First election in Detroit of delegates to Gen- 
 eral Assembly of Northwest Territory. 
 
 First U. S. Treasury Notes authorized. 
 
 For the first time in years gold, greenbacks, 
 and National Bank notes were of equal 
 purchasing power. 
 
 Clinton Avenue Memorial Presbyterian 
 Church dedicated. 
 
 New Detroit Club House opened. 
 
 Detroit College of Medicine burned. 
 
 Supervisors agree to use red stone for new 
 County Building. 
 
 St. Paul's P. E. Church dedicated — second 
 building. 
 
 St. John's P. E. Church consecrated. 
 
 Adelina Patti sings in the Auditorium. 
 
 Severely cold. Thickest ice for many years. 
 Many vessels frozen in, in Lake Erie near 
 Pelee Island. 
 
 Detroit Lodge of Free Masons instituted. 
 
 Grace P. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Use of red stone for new County Building 
 enjoined by Mayor Pingree. 
 
 Mariners' P. E. Church dedicated. 
 
 Jefferson Avenue M, E. Chapel dedicated. 
 
 Great gale of wind, blowing down wooden 
 steeple of Mariners' Church and large 
 chimney on Biddle House. 
 
 New Eastern Market Building blown down. 
 
 Detroit, Ypsilanti & Ann Arbor R. R. opened 
 to Dearborn. 
 
 St. Anne's Church completed and first used. 
 
 Railroad completed between Detroit and 
 Monroe. 
 
 The Steam Supply Company began to fur- 
 nish steam. 
 
 Detroit and Michigan become part of Upper 
 Canada. 
 
 The Detroit City Bank, a wildcat, went into 
 operation. 
 
 Jail on Clinton Street completed. 
 
 New Harmonic Hall on Wilcox street dedi- 
 cated. 
 
 251 
 
December 27, 1811. 
 
 1821. 
 
 1881. 
 1883. 
 
 December 28, 1865. 
 
 1871. 
 December 29, 1841. 
 
 1882. 
 
 December 30, 1871. 
 December 31, 1830. 
 
 1832. 
 1858. 
 
 An Indian war being imminent, a memorial 
 was sent by citizens to Congress, praying 
 for aid. 
 
 Two Indians, Kewaubis and Ketaukak, hav- 
 ing been tried for murder, were hanged. 
 
 Commercial National Bank organized. 
 
 Reception at Detroit Club House to Chief- 
 Justice B. F. Graves, on his retirement 
 from the Michigan Supreme Court. 
 
 Lafayette Avenue Baptist Church dedicated. 
 
 Arrival of Grand Duke Alexis of Russia. 
 
 The M. C. R. R. was opened to Jackson. 
 
 Complimentary banquet to C. C. Trowbridge 
 on his eighty-third birthday by over one 
 hundred citizens. 
 
 F. Stearns' store burned; four lives lost. 
 
 Celebration in honor of triumph of liberal 
 principles in France. Major Whiting de- 
 livered a discourse on the French Revolu- 
 tion, and there was a ball at the Mansion 
 House. 
 
 First county poorhouse completed and paid 
 for. 
 
 Tribune Building, northeast corner of Wood- 
 ward Avenue and Woodbridge Street, 
 burned. 
 
 252 
 
DETROIT STORIES. 
 
 Humorous, Historical and Religious. 
 
 Copyright, 1899, by Silas Farmer. 
 
 In the early days in the old town of Detroit there was con- 
 tinual trouble in enforcing the fire ordinance, the inspectors 
 reporting some persons witHosat buckets, others without ladders; 
 the barrel of water frozen in some places, and the barrel empty 
 in others, the shop bags filled with goods instead of being ready 
 for use, the ears off the barrels and the poles missing. In a 
 word, then as now, ordinances were not obeyed. On one of their 
 rounds a quick-witted widow saw the inspectors coming, and 
 knowing that her barrel was empty and that her excuses for 
 previous neglect would not avail, she jumped into the water- 
 cask herself, saying, "You see, gentlemen, the cask is full." Of 
 course there was a hearty laugh, and the gallant inspectors could 
 do no less than to obtain water and fill the widow's cask them- 
 selves. 
 
 When John Norvell came here from Pennsylvania with his 
 commission as postmaster in his pocket, he called on Postmaster 
 Abbott, announced his name, and asked Mr. Abbott if he knew 
 that he was his successor. The incumbent of many years looked 
 at him, and then said: "Yes, I have heard of you, and I wish 
 you were on the Grampian Hills feeding your father's flock." 
 
 Soon after the surrender of 1812, British officers were sent 
 round to disarm the citizens. One of them came to the door of 
 Mrs. Dodemead, who had in her care a little, old, dried-up, bed- 
 ridden woman from Canada, whom she had kindly provided with 
 a home. "Madam," said the officer, as Mrs. Dodemead opened the 
 door, "I am ordered by Colonel Proctor to disarm the citizens, 
 and take all guns to the fort. Have you any in your house?" 
 
 353 
 
Mrs. Dodemead replied that she had "one British piece." "Fol- 
 low me," she said, and leading the officer up stairs, she threw 
 open a bedroom door, and, pointing to the old lady, said, "There, 
 sir, is a British piece, all that I have. Seize her!" The officer 
 turned on his heel, made a spring, hit the top, the middle, and 
 the lower stair in his flight, and never called on Mrs. Dodemead 
 again. 
 
 Of the many brilliant and witty retorts that have relieved 
 the tedium of court cases in Detroit, the following will serve 
 as a specimen: A case was on trial in the Circuit Court, and 
 each side was present with a formidable array of attorneys and 
 counsel. The late A. D. Fraser was to make the closing argu- 
 ment for the defence. He commenced by saying that he had 
 listened with care to all the evidence, ha-d examined all the 
 points of law, and digested the facts in the case; and having 
 done so, he felt fully acquainted with its merits, — so fully, indeed, 
 that he was willing to represent it, and in fact he stood as the 
 right bower of the defence. Turning to the then young attorney 
 on the opposing side (the late Judge James V. Campbell) he 
 said, "Perhaps my young Sunday School friend does not know 
 what the right bower is?" "Oh yes," said the late judge of 
 the Supreme Court, "we know what it is; it's the biggest knave 
 in the pack." 
 
 A number of years ago a lady teacher in our public schools 
 by the name of Blodgett had among her pupils a mischievous 
 boy who was also continually perpetrating rhymes for which 
 he had been often reproved. On one occasion when he had 
 been detected in some wrong-doing, the teacher, wishing to 
 expose him to ridicule, called him up and said she would punish 
 him, but that she would first require him to make a rhyme. 
 Almost immediately the incorrigible broke forth thus: 
 "Here I stand before Miss Blodgett, 
 
 She's going to strike 
 
 And I'm going to dodge it." 
 
 One of the oldest physicians of the olden time had a lovely 
 daughter whom we will call Nell. She was courted by a rising 
 young business man, but for some reason the "old folks" 
 opposed the match and the couple resolved to elope. 
 
 The young lady began her preparations, but the mother was 
 
 254 
 
on guard. Suspecting something, she went out on the porch in 
 the dusk of the evening to take an observation. While she was 
 there, the young man came rapidly up the walk and, seeing a 
 female form in the dark, assumed that it was his chosen fair 
 one. He hastily embraced her, saying as he did so, "O, dear 
 Nell, are you ready?" Alas, she was not ready. 
 
 When the first telegraph office was opened in Detroit there 
 was no manager, as such, but there were plenty of instruments 
 and batteries, and a number of young operators from the East, 
 who had obtained a knowledge of telegraphy on the Albany 
 and Buffalo Line, or its branches, were congregated at Detroit 
 in expectation of obtaining an office when the line was fully 
 opened. 
 
 These lads had things pretty much their own way, and 
 seemed to use all their ingenuity in hatching mischief. Among 
 their implements there was an electrical machine with two brass 
 balls, one to be held in each hand, and so arranged that when 
 the current was turned on, it was impossible to let go of the 
 balls. One morning a burly Irishman came in, and said he 
 wanted to look at the "telegroff" and see her "wurk." The boys 
 were quick to see their opportunity. They put the brass balls 
 into his hands, turned on a light current, and asked if he could 
 see it. "Yis," he replied, "she's wurkin'." A little more elec- 
 tricity was then applied, when the man cried out "Holdther, 
 boys, holdther! She's wurkin' hard. Och! holdther, I say. Be 
 jabers! she's got me hard." A stiff volume was then applied, 
 and the man began to jump and yell, "Why don't ye holdther? 
 Oh! by the Holy Vargin! ye'll kill me ded." Just at this 
 moment one of the officials appeared at the door. The boys 
 dropped the connecting wires and ran for the battery-room, and 
 the delegate from the "ould sod" hurried down stairs, mutter- 
 ing to himself that he had "seen enough of the domed telogroff." 
 
 Sometimes high prices for transportation tempted the owners 
 of boats to start them on their trips earlier than prudence jus- 
 tified. On one occasion in the spring of 1851, as the ice had 
 gone out of the Detroit River, and the upper end of Lake Erie 
 was reported clear, the owner of a steamboat gave notice that 
 she would sail the next day. As the lower part of the lake was 
 covered with floating ice, there was much discussion with regard 
 to the safety of the proceeding; and the boat started out from a 
 
 255 
 
dock which was thronged with spectators who expressed much 
 anxiety concerning her safety. The next day, towards evening, 
 the well-known Joseph Campau met the manager of the Tele- 
 graph Company, near the Campau residence, and said, "Does 
 ye hear anything from de boat, — de boat went out yesterday 
 mor'n?" "Oh, yes; she has just reached Erie. She got into 
 the ice and floundered about, tearing her paddle-wheels to 
 pieces, but she is in Erie harbor all safe." "Well," said Mr. 
 Campau, "I t'ot so. Now, when de Inglishmon he want to go 
 anywhere, he set down and t'ink how he get dar, and de Prench- 
 mon he want to go, and he stop and t'ink how he get dar; but 
 de American, de Yankee, he want to go, and, be-gar, he go. He 
 go Heaven, he go Hell, he go anyhow!" 
 
 Our old fellow-citizen, ex-city marshal, and legislator, the 
 late Patrick McGinnis, went to work on a paper as "devil" in 
 1837. One day the proprietor, who was always ready for a 
 practical joke, sent him over to a brother editor with a tin 
 measure to borrow "a gill of editorial." As the verdant mes- 
 senger entered the composing room, he met the editor and 
 made known his errand. He immediately stepped to the wall, 
 and taking down a picture of a jackass, handed it to McGinnis, 
 saying, "Take that over." Instantly taking in the situation, 
 Pat blurted out, "Arrah, now, give over wid your tricks on a 
 poor Irish boy. Sure it's an editorial my master wants, and not 
 the editor." 
 
 No systematic and continuous effort for the moral and reli- 
 gious benefit of the inmates of the jail was made until 1866, 
 since which time almost continuously religious services have 
 been held in the wards every Sabbath, and reading matter sup- 
 plied weekly. These services are always appreciated, and upon 
 one occasion as the writer was handing about little hymn-books 
 preparatory to a service of song, a great, burly desperado, with 
 a twinkle in his eye, exclaimed, "I can't sing much, but I will 
 say over the words, and you can get the air outside." 
 
 One of the former assistant secretaries of that excellent insti- 
 tution, the Y. M. C. A., on receiving his monthly stipend of 
 fifty dollars, started out to make a few purchases, and in some 
 way in a moment of aberration either lost or mislaid his pocket- 
 
 256 
 
book. He was greatly exercised over the fact and went hither 
 and thither searching and inquiring for it. Finally, to his great 
 joy, he received word that it had been found by a clerk where 
 he had left it in a store on Woodward avenue. He repaired 
 thither, received his money from the clerk and was profuse in 
 his thanks. "I'm so glad to get it," said he, "I didn't know 
 what to do without it. I'd like to do something for you — come 
 up to the Association — come up and take a bath!" 
 
 Soon after the war with the South a local politician while 
 haranguing a crowd at a wigwam on Larned street, near Shelby 
 street, in referring to McClellan thus expressed himself: "He 
 has been abused and demoralized and treated worse than the 
 thief on the cross." 
 
 We might all well pray, "May heaven save us from such a 
 defense by any of our friends." 
 
 All who know the Rev. Dr. Potts, editor of the Michigan 
 Christian Advocate, know him as a capable and entertaining 
 writer and speaker. I once heard him at a session of the 
 Detroit Conference setting forth the merits of his paper and 
 soliciting the further favor of the brethren. He expressed a 
 desire to serve them in any reasonable manner, but indicated 
 that there were some things that he could not do, and he then 
 told the following incident: He said that on one occasion he 
 received a letter from a clerical brother who described himself 
 as a widower with five children and suggested that as Bro. 
 Potts was visiting here and there over the state he might learn 
 of some lady who would make a desirable helpmate, and if so 
 he would be glad of and would duly appreciate any service ren- 
 dered in this regard. Bro. Potts then went on to state further 
 that he had also received from a lady a letter enclosing a sam- 
 ple of wall paper with the explanation that their minister had 
 carelessly leaned his head against the wall and so soiled the 
 paper that she wished to repaper that portion of the room; so 
 she wished the editor, with the aid of the sample she furnished, 
 to hunt up and send her a roll of paper of the same kind. 
 "Now," said Dr. Potts, "I wish to serve you and all of my con- 
 stituents in all reasonable ways, but I will have to draw the line 
 on matching either widowers or wall paper!" 
 
 One of the largest drug-manufacturing firms in the world, 
 here located, on a certain occasion found, on applying the usual 
 
 2o7 
 
test to a certain preparation before sending it out, that it was 
 deficient in the amount of wine required to make it effective. 
 Suspecting that the girls employed in the laboratory had used 
 the wine for their own delectation, they ordered made a new 
 supply of the preparation in question and placed a quantity of 
 ipecac in the wine to be used. This detective agency was abun- 
 dantly effective — a number of the girls were taken with a sick- 
 ness at the stomach, were obliged to go home, and their services 
 were thereafter dispensed with. 
 
 More than a score of years ago the two brothers Seitz were 
 recognized as among the most entc^rprising of our fellow citizens. 
 They secured a lot on Griswold street, adjacent to the then new 
 Post Office, with the purpose of erecting, and they did eventually 
 erect, an office building which for a long time was one of the 
 best patronized and best paying pieces of property in the city. 
 For some reason it was a long time after the excavation was 
 made before the building was erected and the public, who were 
 somewhat incommoded by the unsightly hole, were amused with 
 the suggestion of a wag that "Seats (Seitz) be put into it and 
 that it be fitted up as a summer resort." 
 
 In the long ago a reverend gentleman, quite aged, residing in 
 Detroit, after having lost his third wife, was attracted to a 
 middle-aged lady in an adjoining village. After he had made 
 one or two calls, the lady made up her mind as to the object 
 of his visits and, being entirely unwilling to consider a proposal 
 from him, determined to give him a gentle hint. 
 
 Accordingly on his next visit he was offered a cup of tea and 
 as he tasted the beverage that "cheers but does not inebriate," 
 he said: "Is not the tea very strong?" "Excuse me," she said, 
 I thought very old gentlemen liked strong tea." 
 
 One of our well-known city pastors tells this story of a recent 
 occurrence. A middle-aged couple came into his study to get 
 married. The minister naturally asked certain questions and 
 in the course of the conversation it came out that both the 
 gentleman and lady had been lovers in their younger days, but 
 for some reason each had married some other person. In the 
 lanse of years one of them lost her husband and the other his 
 wife, and being drawn towards each other they renewed their 
 
 258 
 
earlier loves and determined to marry. The pastor gladly per- 
 formed the ceremony and then sat down to his desk to make 
 out the marriage certificate. While he was thus engaged, the 
 gentleman turned to the lady and said, "Well, Hattie, if George 
 and Mary had lived we couldn't have done this." 
 
 HISTORICAL. 
 
 It is an interesting historical coincidence that the name of 
 the last English commandant of Detroit was England. This 
 gentleman was remarkable for his immense height and enormous 
 quantity of flesh. After his return from America, the waggish 
 Prince of Wales, who was himself no pigmy, became desirous of 
 seeing him. Colonel England was one day pointed out to him, 
 by Sheridan, as he was in the act of dismounting from his horse. 
 The prince regarded him with marked attention for several min- 
 utes, and then, turning to Sheridan, said, with a laugh, "Colonel 
 England, hey? You should have said Great Britain. 
 
 The christian name of Judge Meigs, one of the earliest Ameri- 
 can judges of the Northwest Territory and exercising jurisdic- 
 tion over this region, was Return Jonathan; the origin of this 
 singular name was as follows: During their courtship his 
 father and mother had a quarrel and his father, who was then 
 at the home of his sweetheart, left the house; she soon repented, 
 and running to the door called out, "Return, Jonathan, return!" 
 The obedient and fully pacified lover did return. They were 
 happily married, and in memory of the incident, their first child 
 was named Return Jonathan Meigs. 
 
 Detroit remembers with pride that General Grant was for 
 some two years one of its residents, and on many occasions 
 has shown a lively interest in the welfare of his old home. His 
 remembrance of old acquaintances in Detroit has always been 
 hearty and appreciative. Even those not personally acquainted 
 have noticed his glad recognition of former citizenship. The 
 writer well remembers the morning of December 16, 1864. Hav- 
 ing called at the White House to see Mr. Nicolay, the President's 
 secretary, I was directed by the porter to go up stairs. Reaching 
 the landing, I found the doors leading from the hall all closed, 
 with no indication as to which might give admittance to Mr. 
 
 259 
 
Nicolay. Retracing my steps, I said to the porter, "The doors 
 are all closed, and I did not find him." A cheerful, bright-faced 
 boy near by said, "I think I can find him. Come up stairs again." 
 And up we went, he with a sort of flying leap, as though he felt 
 at home, and surely he had a right, for he was none other than 
 "little Tad." I have always been glad for this brief knowledge 
 of one so dear to "our Lincoln." Opening the door of one of the 
 room.s, Tad called out, "Is Nick here?" The reply was, "He is 
 at the War Department." To the War Department I went, and 
 there learned that Grant had come from the army, then before 
 Richmond, and was in consultation with Lincoln and Stanton 
 in an adjoining room. Possibly a dozen persons were waiting 
 in the corridor. Very soon Mr. Stanton came out, and imme- 
 diately after followed the tall, thin form of Lincoln— thinner 
 and homelier than any representation I have ever seen; his 
 eyes were sad, and manner burdened. Stanton made some 
 remark, which did not reach my ear. Instantly Mr. Lincoln 
 responded, in a tone vibrant with anxiety and care, and almost 
 harsh in its imperiousness, "What's that, Mr. Secretary?" A 
 moment more, and he was gone. Immediately after, General 
 Grant appeared, and there was at once a rush to greet him. One 
 gentleman stepped up, saying, "I am from New Hampshire, we 
 occasionally hear of you up there." "Ah," said Grant, "I hope 
 you'll hear of me in Richmond soon." I then gave my residence, 
 "From Detroit?" said he. "Why, I used to live there once. 
 Have you seen Charley Trowbridge lately?" The name of 
 Detroit proved a passport to his attention, and he evinced great 
 willingness to hear of his old home. It so happened that a 
 detailed account of General Sherman's advance on Savannah had 
 appeared that morning for the first time; the papers were also 
 full of General Thomas' victory over Hood. To an allusion to 
 the good news from Sherman he replied, "Yes, and General 
 Thomas is doing splendidly, splendidly." 
 
 In 1861, soon after Lewis Cass, ex-Governor and Secretary of 
 State under President Buchanan, returned to Detroit the writer 
 called on the General to pay his respects. As a long-time friend 
 of my father he gave me a cordial welcome and at the end of a 
 brief interview followed me to the door and with tears in his 
 eyes said, "Sixty years ago I crossed the Ohio River with all 
 that I had in the world tied up in a red bandana. I have seen 
 this country grow to its present greatness and extent, and now 
 to think that there are those that would seek to destroy it, fills 
 my soul with sorrow and regret." 
 
 260 
 
Mr. Charles B. Gray, who was once a resident of Springfield, 
 111., tells this story of Lincoln: One morning before his nom- 
 ination for the Presidency, Mr. Lincoln came in to Ridgley's 
 Bank, where Mr. Gray was employed, and said to Mr. Ridgley: 
 "There was a funny thing happened just now. I was just about 
 to cross from Logan to Carpenter's Corner where the street, as 
 you know, is very muddy. I noticed a little girl who seemed 
 afraid to venture into such a sea of mud. I came up behind her 
 and putting my arms underneath her own, I lifted her clear 
 across the street and put her safely on the walk. She turned 
 around to thank me and I then saw that she was a little nigger 
 girl." 
 
 Mr. Gray recalled the incident later after Lincoln had issued 
 his Emancipation Proclamation and his former kindness to the 
 little black girl seemed a prophecy of what he had since accom- 
 plished. He really lifted the entire colored race in America out 
 of the mire of slavery and placed them on the solid rock of 
 freedom and prosperity. 
 
 Mr. Gray also recalls the fact that on the day that the National 
 Republican Convention met in the Wigwam at Chicago, he with 
 S. M. Cutcheon, also now of Detroit, and several others, including. 
 Mr. Lincoln, were engaged in a game of barn-ball. During the- 
 progress of the play a telegram was handed to Mr. Lincoln 
 which indicated that the next ballot would probably make him 
 the choice of the convention. He immediately turned to his, 
 companions and said, "Well, boys, I guess I'll have to get out. 
 of here." He then went into the office of the Illinois State- 
 Journal and from there started for home and had hardly 
 arrived there when news reached him of his selection as the 
 Presidential candidate, and within half an hour his ball-playing 
 friends and other citizens were at the house with a brass band 
 to extend their congratulations. 
 
 When on the morning of April 15, 1865, Detroit was startled 
 with the news that President Lincoln had been assassinated, the 
 whole city was at once in mourning; men wept like little chil- 
 dren, and intense feeling pervaded all classes. 
 
 At this time there existed in the city an organization known 
 as the Union League. Its general design was to bring loyal 
 men together and unite them in their efforts for the good of the 
 nation. At a meeting of this body, on the evening of the day 
 the news of Lincoln's death was received, John J. Bagley, with; 
 other leading citizens, was present. In expressing his feelings.^ 
 
 261 
 
he said, "I closed my store and went home. I sat down in the 
 parlor, and the tears would come. My little daughter came to 
 me and said, 'Papa, what's the matter?' I said 'Mr. Lincoln is 
 dead.' 'What, papa? Our Lincoln? Is our Lincoln dead?' 'Yes,' 
 I said, 'our Lincoln is dead.' My friends, he was our Lincoln. 
 It's our Lincoln that's dead! Not the Lincoln of five years ago, 
 whom comparatively few people knew; nor the Lincoln of two 
 years ago, whose ability some doubted; but the Lincoln of 
 to-day, of yesterday, whom as a nation we loved, and whom as 
 a nation we mourn. Our Lincoln is dead! But he liveth still, 
 and the spirits of the Brave Boys in Blue, from a hundred battle- 
 fields, give him greeting in the mystic land." 
 
 The Government surveyors were often very liberal in their 
 allowances in surveying the old private claims in Michigan. The 
 surveyor would run the lines, establish points, and then for a 
 quid pro quo in the shape of one or more bottles of brandy, the 
 Jacob staff would be laid down, and its length added to the line 
 from one to several times according to the amount of stimulus 
 received. 
 
 Often preceding and always immediately after the surveyor, 
 the speculator appeared. 
 
 In the dim regions of the past he sometimes found the place 
 of register of the land office filled by a person who also had 
 "speculation in his eyes." 
 
 In some localities it was a favorite plan with certain regis- 
 ters to have applications filled out and signed for every desirable 
 piece of land, and whenever a stranger called, and it was 
 thought safe to do so, he was told that the piece he wanted was 
 already entered, but that it could probably be obtained at a 
 small advance. This was usually agreed to, but, of course, the 
 Government obtained none of the advance. That was an indi- 
 vidual benefit. 
 
 It is said that on one occasion a register who had thus com- 
 pelled a man to pay an extra price for a tract of land was him- 
 self soon the victim of a similar strategy. He received a letter 
 giving a detailed description of several pieces of land and asking 
 that they be entered and held for the correspondent, who would 
 soon arrive with the purchase price. 
 
 As a matter of fact, the lands asked for were absolutely 
 worthless, being dear even at the government price, nor were 
 they really wanted, the request simply being a trap for the reg- 
 ister, who immediately entered up the lands to himself and for- 
 warded his report to Washington. 
 
 263 
 
He then wrote to the party that the lands had been sold, but 
 that they could be had for an additional specified sum above the 
 government price. 
 
 He soon learned that there was another party as sharp as 
 himself and was compelled to hold and pay for a large amount 
 of worthless land, which swallowed up most of his previous ill- 
 gotten gains. 
 
 The writer has had but little experience as a juryman, but 
 as illustrating some of the testimony and proceedings in the 
 Recorder's Court, he offers the following personal reminiscences: 
 While sitting in the court room as one of the panel, a saloon- 
 keeper was put on trial for selling whiskey under a license which 
 permitted the sale of beer only. A policeman was put on the 
 stand and he swore that he entered the saloon and heard a man 
 call for whiskey, the bar-keeper handed over a bottle, and the 
 man turned into a glass something that had the color of. and 
 looked like, whiskey. As he was turning it out, he heard the 
 entrance of the policeman and turning towards and recognizing 
 him he set down his glass in a careless sort of a way and in 
 doing so spilled some of the liquor on his hand, which he offered 
 to the officer. The officer testified that he shook hands with 
 him and naturally got some of the liquor on his fingers and he 
 then perceived from the odor that the liquor was whiskey. This 
 was the evidence offered for the prosecution. In rebuttal the 
 bar-keeper was put on the stand and he swore that the man 
 called for beef-tea and that that was what he gave him. The 
 jury rendered a verdict of not guilty. 
 
 On another occasion during this same term of Court a 
 saloon-keeper was on trial for selling spirituous liquor under a 
 beer license. The defendant being put on the stand acknowl- 
 edged that he did sell a certain kind of wine. No other evi- 
 dence was offered on either side and the jury retired. The most 
 of the jury insisted that wine was not a spirituous liquor and 
 that therefore the man was not guilty. It was insisted on the 
 contrary that wine was spirituous liquor. Finally it was agreed 
 to go out and ask instructions from the judge then presiding. 
 On hearing the question presented he replied in the following 
 singular words: "For the purposes of this case we will consider 
 that the wine is not in it." 
 
 263 
 
RELIGIOUS. 
 
 The daily paper usually gives us a fair resume of much of 
 the wrong and unneighborly doings connected with human life, 
 but for the credit of humanity it must be acknowledged that 
 comparatively few stories of kindly and virtuous actions ever 
 get into public print. 
 
 The story of one of these kindly actions having to do with a 
 Detroit family is as follows: 
 
 A gentleman of this city employed for several years as a 
 traveling salesman for an eastern establishment, while on a 
 business trip to a large city farther west was taken sick and 
 died at the hotel at which he had many times been a guest. 
 
 Such was the favorable impression that he had made upon 
 the proprietor of the hotel that his wife would not leave ordin- 
 ary help to watch over the body, but herself performed this 
 service. 
 
 Telegrams announcing the death were sent to the eastern 
 house and to the family here, and friends arrived and spent a 
 day or two in making preparations to return to Detroit. The 
 hotel bill was called for and the response was, "There is no bill. 
 This man was a friend of ours. He had made our home his 
 home for a long time." Here certainly was a hotel-keeper with- 
 out a cold and selfish heart. 
 
 The remains were brought to Detroit. The writer attended 
 the funeral as a personal friend of the family and learned after- 
 wards that when the services were concluded, the representa- 
 tive of the eastern firm, who had come to attend the funeral, 
 paid all the expenses and said to the widow, "Of course your 
 husband's salary will go on for this year as usual and at the end 
 of the year we will consider the matter further." Verily, "Good 
 hearts throb between in many human bosoms." 
 
 During the year 1864 a matter of business required me to 
 obtain the signature of a colored clothes cleaner who had a 
 little place on Bates street near Congress street. He wrote his 
 name as requested and I was astonished at the facility with 
 which he wrote and the good quality of his penmanship. 
 
 "Why," said I, "there are not many white men who can write 
 as good as that." 
 
 "Oh yes!" he said, "I can write very well and Christ was my 
 teacher." "What do you mean?" I asked. 
 
 "Well," he said. "I used to be a slave in New Orleans, and 
 
 264 
 
could neither read nor write, but one night I went to hear a 
 sermon by a lawyer who was a local preacher. He took for his 
 text the words, "If any man lack wisdom let him ask of God who 
 giveth to all men liberally and upbraideth not and it shall be 
 given him." I made up my mind that what I wanted was wis- 
 dom and that I would ask God for it and try to get it. 
 
 "I bought a Bible and a spelling-book and every time a per- 
 son came into my shop I would ask them what that letter or 
 word was and I carried my Bible from my shop to my house 
 and from my house to my shop again and studied it until it got 
 to be as black as I was." And he was very black, I assure you. 
 
 He again repeated the words, "Christ was my teacher" and 
 said, "One day I told my wife that I could read. 'O, go away,' 
 she said, 'you can't read.' 'Yes I can,' said I, and read verse- 
 after verse to her great joy and amazement." 
 
 I subsequently learned that he had quite a library of valuable 
 books and knew much of their contents. 
 
 In the year 1865, while the Rev. E. P. Hammond was conduct- 
 ing a very successful series of revival meetings in Detroit, I 
 paid my usual morning visit to the market, located on what is 
 now Cadillac Square. While there a German woman who kept 
 vegetables for sale and who had evidently seen me at some of 
 the meetings accosted me as follows: "You know my boy 
 Sharlie, he's died two weeks ago. He died so happy. The day 
 before he died he say all day 'Jesus is mine.' My heart is broke 
 all the time, but I only think how I'll come to him by and by. 
 I found Jesus two years ago, but since these meetings I found 
 Him twice as much now." 
 
 For a long time there hung in the office of a leading estab- 
 lishment in Detroit a framed telegram which, besides the address 
 and signature, contained only the single word, "Saved." The 
 story of this message is connected with the loss in 1873 of the 
 steamship "Atlantic" off the coast of Nova Scotia. One of the 
 partners of this firm was on board of this ship and was at first 
 believed to be among the lost. Several friends had met together 
 in the evening at the residence of a relative to consult about 
 going to recover, if possible, the body. While they were thus in 
 consultation the door bell rang and a boy handed over the tele- 
 gram. Grief was at once turned to joy and praise took the place 
 of prayer. 
 
 265 
 
is I was sitting in my office in the month of August, 1896, a 
 ^ciatly dressed elderly man whom I recognized as a former mem- 
 ber of the Central M. E. Church, who had removed to the East, 
 came in and handing me a newspaper clipping said, "That tells 
 of something like what my wife and I wish to do." The clip- 
 ping told of a person who had given a sum of money for some 
 benevolence, the party receiving during their lifetime, as an 
 annuity, the sum of four per cent on their money. 
 
 My visitor then said, "My wife and I wish to give a thousand 
 dollars to the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of Central 
 Church, and we would like to get four per cent interest while we 
 live." 
 
 I saw that we would have to create a trust in order to carry 
 out his wishes and asked him if our Board of Trustees would be 
 satisfactory. He said, "certainly," and I then asked his age and 
 learned that he was 76 years old and that his wife was of the 
 same age. I said, "How did you earn this money?" 
 
 "Oh," he said, "I worked in a coal yard in Brooklyn for thirty 
 years and here I sawed wood. I used to know Bro. Studley (a 
 former pastor) quite well and Bro. Buckley always remembers 
 me." 
 
 I was jotting down these facts with the idea of putting them 
 in shape for publication when evidently discerning the object of 
 my inquiries he said, "Oh you needn't say anything about it* 
 It's nobody's business but our own. We have no children and 
 I'm so glad we are independent; we have an income of $250 per 
 year." 
 
 This statement was a stunner. I turned to him in amaze- 
 ment and said, "What did you say!" He repeated again, "I'm 
 so glad we are independent; we have an income of $250 per 
 year." 
 
 "Why," I said, "how do you live on that?" 
 
 "Why," he said, "I pay $91 a year for rent and water tax and 
 the balance we have to live on." 
 
 I remarked that he must live very economically. 
 "Oh, yes," said he, "but if we hadn't lived economically we 
 wouldn't have had this money to give." 
 
 This rare couple I now frequently see, for they have returned 
 to Detroit, and they are always cheerfulness itself and if sun- 
 shine exists in any human hearts it does in theirs. I need only 
 add that the thousand dollars was at once paid over and that 
 by an arrangement of our Trustees, the Missionary Society 
 
 *He has only lately consented to my writing the facts for publi- 
 cation providing- his name was omitted. 
 
 266 
 
began at once to receive a small dividend on this surprisingly 
 generous donation. 
 
 The verbal telling of this story has in several instances pro- 
 duced generous offerings and it is now for the first time put in 
 print. 
 
 Among those who were drawn into one of the Sabbath after- 
 noon meetings of the Young Men's Christian Association, was a 
 man about forty years old, with his son of probably ten. During 
 the progress of the meeting the father raised his hand in request 
 for prayer. To one of the workers who conversed with him at 
 the close of the meeting he said: "I have known I ought to be 
 a Christian, but someway I never took a stand until to-day. 
 When the request was made for seekers to raise their hands, my 
 boy said, and kept saying, 'Pa, hold up your hand; Pa, hold up 
 your hand,' and I couldn't resist, and now I am going to be a 
 Christian." The opportunity was afforded, and a little child led 
 him. 
 
 One lady whose husband has given a large subscription yearly 
 for several years to the Young Men's Christian Association, on 
 being asked by a friend if she believed in the association, replied: 
 "Believe in it, I should think I did. Our three sons were all 
 converted in its building." 
 
 An echo from the parsonage of the Central M. E. Church: 
 
 To little Olive, who is three they say. 
 While mamma was absent the other day, 
 A gift came hopping over the way 
 
 Long-eared, but of tail no bragger. 
 When mamma returned, "just look," said she, 
 "See what Mr. Archbold gave to me, 
 A rabbit as nice as ever can be, 
 
 With two big wings, and a wagger." 
 
 General Hugh Brady was one of the earlier commanding 
 ofticers at Detroit. Just before his death. Rev. Dr. Duffield vis- 
 ited him to inquire into his spiritual condition. General Brady 
 listened to him respectfully, and then, in words worthy of a true 
 soldier, he said, "Sir, that is all right; my knapsack has been 
 packed, and I am ready to march at the tap of the drum." 
 
 267 
 
Ex-Governor John J. Bagley, an excellent executive who in 
 business made Mayflower Tobacco notable the world over, had 
 a keen sense of humor and once classed himself with the clergy, 
 emphasizing the feeling of some persons with regard to tobacco 
 by saying to the Rev. D. C. Jacokes, "You and I thrive on the 
 sins of the people." 
 
 As evidence that culture, literary felicity, and lack of common 
 sense, are not exclusively confined to Boston; we quote the fol- 
 lowing evidence from a prayer heard at a mission school in 
 Detroit: "We know, O Lord, that we are in the autumnal 
 equinox of thy grace and we pray Thee to lead us out into the 
 vernal springtime of Thy love." 
 
 It has been told that the little daughter of Rev. Dr. 
 
 at one time pastor of a leading church on Woodward avenue, was 
 guilty of a childish misdemeanor for which she was duly 
 reproved. During family worship on the following day she was 
 asked if she had "told the Lord" of the fault of the previous day 
 "Why, no," said she, "I didn't think it would do to have it go 
 out of the family." 
 
 Everybody familiar with the events connected with the "late 
 unpleasantness" between the North and the South knows that 
 Senator Zachariah Chandler, chairman of the committee on the 
 conduct of the war, was fond of a joke and able to manufacture 
 one. Upon one occasion a friend told him that the plans for the 
 Fort Street Church, with which he was connected, called for a 
 spire five feet higher than that possessed by any other church 
 in the city. "Lord," said Mr. Chandler, "how the devil will 
 tremble." 
 
 Many of the older residents of the city remember the Rev. 
 Dr. J. M. Arnold, who after serving as pastor of one of our city 
 churches established a bookstore in a portion of the premises 
 now occupied by Wright, Kay & Co., He was full of good stories 
 himself and abounded in quaint and original expressions. He 
 used to tell of a colored brother who evidently wanted a com- 
 mentary on the Bible. He came into the store one day and said, 
 "I want to get a kind of a sort of a Bible with the big reading 
 at the top and the sensation at the bottom." 
 
 268 
 
political question of ^;e^f^ years has 
 ,ess as the slavery question did m ante 
 
 •hie. «ubiect was in some form continually 
 r^a'nVSl in syno. a„c> ^'^^^ 
 question ^^O"'^ not down .^^^^ tUe 
 
 ■^"^ fcler'S a Wa Wngtonby oL ot the 
 
 Sr^After the"wa? entirely cured of his sym- 
 
 • , • , r „ v,o vi.^ited New Or eans and on tiis 
 
 ve-holders, he ^'siteci n« morning he entered 
 
 following story; On Sunday mm nis ^^^ 
 
 ,ook a seat near the door. SeiYices naci _^ 
 
 , a colored brothe,^came^.pandj^.d.^ qj.tion, 
 
 ;lf '^.r^-f afao you mlanr sa.^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 a am de Mefodist P^^copal Church oae ^^^^_ 
 
 ,r "Oh, yes!" was the reply I^i'^^^^'li ^^t, brudder, 
 
 ,iscopal Church of the North ^^^^ ^ 4^|^ 'to us dis 
 
 >ht," was the response. Wouici yuu y 
 
 ':_1_— consented and on going forward was thns mtr^- 
 
 ^•Brudders and sisters- Ise ^aPPy « ^>;'o™ ^^l, ^.ppy 
 
 .rudder H— -- to preach to "« d^B nroi-m ^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ ^ 
 
 rTafis ?:nnS'on-creT7r7-mrhase dat dis church an> 
 
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 ced oa!" 
 
"HlSTORYOFD|m 
 
 AND Michigan. 
 
 M 
 
 This ,s »he most complete local history 
 .tates, contains over 600 illustrations an, 
 :flow fully Detroit and Michigan's early 
 onsalt th,s work. Published in one voL 
 olumes, Turkey morocco, gilt edge, at $15. 
 
 ADDRESS 
 
 j Silas Farmer L Co. Detroit, Mich. 
 
 COMMENDATIONS. 
 
 ''S'sode^;^°nd ^S^u!e'^^:^l^,^^:^^'!y-Correspondi^^ Secretary of ^ 
 
 Th.s .s the .nost important U-^-!^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^l^'^^^'^^' on 'p. 
 ROM HARPER'S MAGAZINE- ..W. '"e West. 
 
 ^ W^PJete without it. 
 ne best h,s.ory published of any of .he old Northwestern S.a, 
 
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