E 179 .flSl Copy 1 In. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. ©^p&.l73@n}njris^|tt Shelf.... A 51 UNITED STATES OP AMERICA. \ AMERICAN HISTORY. i|r o g r essive Iprinciples ractically romulgated Declaration of IndepeDdence. Constitution of tlie United States. Proclamation of Emancipation. One Hundred Years of American History. Our National Songs, Etc. Price 5 Cents. AMERICAN HISTORY 1|R0GRESSIVE I EmCIFLES HACTICALLY ROaCULSATED FOR EVERY ONE , NEW YORK: ?\ ...ijS^-kJ-O'^O,^ BROMELL & BARK LEY PI^INTING CC^J^// 153 Centre Street, Corner hi^h.ny'o^''^;^!:..^!^ 1883. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1883, by the Bromell k Barkley Printing Co., in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, INTRODUCTORY. No grander document than the Declaration of In- dependence was ever conceived in the minds of statesmen, or put forth as the foundation principles of a nation to be. Its every sentence is an arraign- ment of despotism, and an embodiment of truths, the promulgation of which are most essential to the happiness and prosperity of any people. Contend- ing for such principles, with a firm belief in their justice, and trusting in God, no nation could fail either in the success of its cause, or in attracting the admiration and sympathy of lovers of justice and liberty throughout the world. And this has been the results following the war for the maintain- ance of the principles set forth in that immortal document. The Constitution of the United States is worthy the attention and respect given it by all nations, and should be made the careful study of those governed by it — those by whom and for whom it exists. The Emancipation Proclamation, which gave •■■ freedom to four million beings, and immortalized j the name of Lincoln, will live as long as the love of 1 freedom shall dwell in the breast of man. To place these in the hands of the millions, and secure for them, if possible, a general perusal and careful study is the object of the publishers. To successfully accomplish this will be to perform a ' work for the general good, and to make a more in- telligent, useful and patriotic people. The Publishers. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. In Congress, July 4tli, 1776. THK UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OP THK TBIUTEEN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. When, in the course of human events it becomes neces- sary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assnme, among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the sep- aration. We hold these truths to be self-evident:— that all men are created equal ; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed ; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to in- stitute a new government, laying its foundations on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and hap- piness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and tran- sient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms i to which they arc accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same ob- ' jects evinces a design to reduce them under absolute aespot- ism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such gov- ernment, and to provide new guards for their future secur- ity. Such has been the patient sufferance of these colonies, and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former systems of government. The history of 4 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. the present king of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the es- tablishment of an absolute tyranny over these States. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immedi- ate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their op- eration, till his assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them. He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relin- quish the right of representation in the legislature — a right inestimable to them, and formidable to tyrants only. He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the repository of their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing, with manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of the people. He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people at large for their exercise, the State remaining, in the mean- time, exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within. He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the laws of naturaliza- tion of foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the condition of new ap- propriations of lands. He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refus- ing his assent to laws for establishing judiciary powers. He has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their ealaries. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 5 He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of officers, to harass our people and eat out their ^ substance. He has kept among us in times of peace, standing armies, without the consent of our legislatures. He has aflfected to render the military independent of and superior to the civil power. He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdic- tion foreign to our Constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his assent to their acts of pretended legia- lation: For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us: For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any murders which they should commit on the inhabi- tants of these States. For cutting off our trade with all parte of the world : For imposing taxes upon us without our consent: For depriving us in many cases of the benefit of trial by jury. For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended offenses: For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neigh- boring province, establishing therein an arbitrary govern- ment, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these colonies. For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valua- ble laws, and altering fundamentally the forms of our gov- ernments : For suspending our own legislatures, and declaring them- selves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whaisoever. He has abdicated government here by declaring us out of his protection, and waging war against us. He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people. He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign 6 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. mercenaries to complete the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of cruelty and peifidy, scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the iicad of a civilized nati' n. He has constrained our fellow citizens, taken captive on the high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands. lie has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavored to bring on tha inhabitants of our frontiers the merciless Indian savages whose known rules of warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and con- diiions. In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in the most humble terms: our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince, whose character is thus marked by every act which may de- fine a tyrant is unfit to be the ruler of a free people. Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned them from time to time, of at- tempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable ju- risdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circum- stances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we- have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably inter- rupt our connections and correspondence. They too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of man- kind—enemies in war, in peace friends. We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress assembled, appealing to the {Supreme Judge of the world, for the rectitude of our in- tentions, do, in the name and by the authority of the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 7 and independent States; that they are absolved from all al- legiance to the British crown, and that all political connec- tion between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to t)e, totally dissolved; and that, as free and inde- pendent States, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and do all other acts and things which independent States may of right do. And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the ])roteciion of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor. JOHN HANCOCK. Jo8iah Bartlett, Samuel Adams, Stephen Hopkins Roger Sherman, William Floyd, Richard Stockton, John Hart, NEW HAMPSHIRE. Wm. Whipple. Matthew Thornton. MASSACHUSETTS BAY. John Adams, Elbridge Gerry. RHODE ISLAND. CONNECTICUT. SamM Huntingdon, Oliver Wolcott. NEW YORK. Philip Livingston, Lewis Morris. NEW .JERSEY. John VVitherspoon, Abram Clark. Robert Treat Payne, William Ellery. William Williams, Francis Lewis, Francis Hopkinson PENNSYLVANIA. Robert Morris, Benjamin Rush, Benj. Franklin, John Morton, George Clymer, James Smith, George Taylor, James Wilson. George Ross. DELAWARE. Caesar Rodney, George Read. Thomas M'Kean. MARYLAND. Samuel Chase, William Paca, Thomas Stone, C. Carroll, of Carrol Iton. VIRGINIA. George Wythe, Richard Henry Lee, Thos. Jefferson, Benj. Harrison. Thos. Nelson, Jr., Carter Braxton, Francis Lightfoot Lee. NORTH CAKOLINA. William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, John Penn, SOUTH CAROLINA. Edw^ard Rutledge, Thomas Heoward Jr. Thomas Lynch, Jr., Arthur Mdidleton. GEORGIA. Burton Gwinnet, Lyman Hall, George Walton, CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. PREAMBLE. Wb, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tran- quility, provide for the common defence, promote the gen- eral welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to purselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitu- tion for the United States of America. ARTICLE I. Of ihe Legislature. Section i.— All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall con- sist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Section ii.— The House of Representatives shall be com- posed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several States, and the electors for each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most nu- merous branch of the State legislature. No person shall be a Representative who shall not have at- ained to the age of twenty -five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elect- ed,be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned a- mong the several States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free per- sons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fif ih of all other per- sons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meetmg of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of Re- presentatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative ; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 9 eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Con- necticnt five. New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Car- olina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other ofticers; and ehall have the sole power of impeach- ment. Section hi.— The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years ; and each Senator shall have one vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year ; of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the legislature of any State, the executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next meeting of the legis- lature, which shall then fill such vacancies. No person shall be a Senator, who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected be an in- habitant of that State for which he shall be chosen. The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. ' The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a Pre- sident pro tempore in the absence of the Vice President or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. The Senate shall have the sole power to iry all impeach- lO CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. nientf . When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall preside; and no preson shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend fur- ther than to removal from office, anddisqiialificaiion to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States; but the party convicted shall, nevertheless, be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to law. Se(TIon IV.— The times, places, and manner of holding elections for Senators and Eepresentatives shall be pre- scribed in each State by the legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regu- lations, except as to the places of choosing Senators. Tlje Congress shall assemble at least once in every year' and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. Section v Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members, and a ma- jority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller numfler may adjourn from day to day, and may be authororized to compel the attendance of absent mem- bers, in such manner, and under such penalties, as each house may provide. Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts ag may in their judgment require secrecy, and the yeas and nays of the members of either house or any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. Neither House, during the session of Congress, shall with- out the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three CONSTirunON ok the united states. II days, nor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Section vi.— The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other place. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, which shall have been created. or the emoluments whereof shall have been increas- ed during such time; and no person holding any office un- der the United States, shall be a member of either House during his continuance in office. Section vii.— All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the Senate may pro- pose or concur with amendments as on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Repre- sentatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a law, be presented to the President of the United States; if he ap- prove he shall sign it. but if not he shall return it, with his objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such reconsideration two- thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections to tlie other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, aad if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall become a law. But in all cases the votes) of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and a- gainst the bill shall be entered on the journal of each House respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the Presi- dent within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have 12 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like man- ner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their ad- journment prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Every order, resolution, or veto to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be neces- sary (except on a question of adjournment) shall be presen- ted to the President of the United States; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill. Section viii — The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defence and general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To borrow money on the credit of the United States; To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes ; To establish an uniform laws of naturalization, and uni- form laws on the subject of bankruptcies .'throughout the United States To coin money, regulate the value therof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standards of weights and measures ; To provide for the punishment of ' counterfeiting the se- curities and current coin of the United States; To establish post offices and post roads; To promote the progress of science and useful arts by se- curing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclu- sive right to their respective writings and discoveries; To constitute tribunals inferi/ir to the Supreme Court ; To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas and offences against the law of nations; To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water; To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. I3 money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years: To provide and maintain a navy; To make rules for the government and regulation of the ^ land and naval forces; To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections, and repel inva- sions ; To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be em- ployed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the appointment of the oflScers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress; To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by ces- sion of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the Government of the United States and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the State in which the same shall be. for the erection of forts, magazines, arsen- als, dockyards, and other needful buildings;— and To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof. Section ix— The migration or importation of such per- sons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight'hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it. No bil of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unles 14 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State. No preference shall be given by any regulation of com- merce or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another; nor shall vessels bound to or from one State be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties to another. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in con- sequence of appropriations made by law, and a regular Btatement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. No title of nobility shaH be granted by the United States; and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, ac- cept of any present, emolument, office or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince or foreign State. Section v.— No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance or confederation, grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anj^hing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts: pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law. or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant an y title of nobility. No State shall without the consent of Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessar}"^ for executing its inspection laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or expor ts, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States, and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty on tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 1$ ARTICLE II. Of the Executim. Section i.— The executive power shall be vested in the President of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and together with the Vice President, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows: Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the legisla- ture thereof may dir2ct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or person holding any office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector. The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at le*st shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the govern- ment of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The per- son having the greatest number of votes shall be the Presi- dent, if such a number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such a majority, and have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President; and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list the House shall in like manner choose the President. But in choos- ing the President, the vote shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, aud a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the l6 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. choice of the President, the person having the greatest num- ber of votes of the electors shall be Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice Presi- dent.* The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes ; which daj^ shall be the same throughout the United States. No person except a natural-born citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitu- tion shall be eligible to the office of President ; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have at- tained to the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his deatli, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elect- ed. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his ser- vices a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States, or any of them. Before he enter on the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation :— " I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully exe- cute the office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability preserve, protect, and defend the Con- stitution of the United States." *TtiJ8 clause of the Constitution has^.been amended. See twelfth article of the amendments. CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 1 7 Section ii.— The President shall be Commander-in-chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the mili- tia of the several States, when called into the actual service of the United States ; he may require the opinion, in writ- ing, of the principal officer in each of the executive depart- ments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their res- pective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two -thirds of the senators present concur ; and he shall nominate, and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise pro- vided for, and which shall be established by law; but the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law. or in the heads of departments. The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session. Section in. — He shall from time to time give to the Con- gress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge neces- sary and expedient: he may. on extraordinary occasions, convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of dis- agreement between them, with respect to the time of ad- journment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully ex- ecuted, and shall commission all the officers of the United States. Section iv.— The President, Vice President, and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on l8 CONSTITUTION OF-, THE UNITED STATES. impeachment for, and conviction of treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. ARTICLE III. Of the Judiciary. Section i.— The Judicial power of the United States shall be vested m one Supreme Court, and in such inferior court as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Section ii.— The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority ; — to all cases affecting ambass adors, other public ministers and consults ; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party ; to controversies between two or more States ; between a State and citizens of another State ; between citizens of different States,— be- tween citizens of the same State claiming lands under grants of different States, and between a State, or the citi- zens thereof, and foreign States, citizens or subjects. In all rases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact ; with such exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. The trial of all crimes, except in caiSes of impeachments shall be by jury ; and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been committed ; but when not committed within any State, the trial shall shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have di- rected. Section hi.— Treason against the United States shall con- CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. I9 sist only in levying war againt them, or in adhering to their I enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be i convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witness- es to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, bnt no attainder of treason shnll work corruption of l)lood or forfeiture except during the life of the person at- tainted. ARTICLE IV. Misnellaneous . Skction I.— Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public acts, records, and Judicial proceedings of every other State. And the Congressjnay by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records and pro- ceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. Section ii.— The citizens of each Sta*te shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. A person cliarged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in an- other State, shal.l on demand of the executive authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime. No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such ser- vice or labor, but shall be delivered up oil claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. Section- hi.— New States may be admitted by the Con- gress into this Union : but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State ; nor any State be formed by the junction of two or more States, or part of States, without the co sent of the legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States ; and nothing 20 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. ' in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of anj-^ particular State. Section rv. — The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion, and on applica- tion of the legislature, or of the executive, (when the legis- lature cannot be convened,) against domestic violence. ARTICLE V. Of Amendments. The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Consti- tution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two-third of the several States,'shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which in either case, shall be valid to all in- tents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, when rati- fied by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress, provided that no amendments which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, shall in any manner effect the first and fonrth clauses in the ninth sec- tion of the first article; and that no State, without its con- sent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. ARTICLE \^. Miscellaneous. All debts contracted and engagements entered into, before the adoption of this constitation, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the con- federation. This Constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or w^hich shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the judges in every St>ite shall be bound thereby, anything n the Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary not- withstanding. The Senators and representatives before mentioned, and CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES, 21 the members of the several State legislatures, and all exe- cutive and judicial officers, both of the United States and of the several States, shall be bound by oath or affirmation, to support this Constitution; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States. ARTICLE VII. The ratification of the conventions of nine States shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the same. AMENDMENTS. ARTICLE L Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridg- ing the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to peiition the govern- ment for a redress of grievances. ARTICLE II. A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. ARTICLE in. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. ARTICLE VI. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall is- sue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirma- tion, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the person or things to be seized. ARTICLE V. No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or other- wise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jnry, except in cases arising in the land or naval 22 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb: nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use. witliout just compensation. ARTKJLE \l. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been com- mitted, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence. ARTICLE VII: In suits at common law, where the value in controversy^ shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall b» preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-' examined in any court of the United States, than according; to the rules of the common law. ARTICLE VIIL Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines] imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. ARTICLE IX. The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, • shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. ARTICLE X. ■{ The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. ARTICLE XL The judicial power of the United States shall not be con- strued to extend in any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another State, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State, I CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 23 ARTICLE XII. The electors shall meet hi their respective States and vote by ballot for President and Vice President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themse ves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as \ ice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and as the nnmber of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit Sealed to the seat of government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Represen- tatives, open all the certificates, and ihe votes shall then be counted ;— the person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed ; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choos- ing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Rep- resentatives shall not choose a President whenever the right shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March, next following, then the Vice-President shall act as presi- dent, as in the case of the death or other constitutional dis- ability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice- President shall be the Vice-President, if snch number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest num- bers on the list the Senate shall choose the Vice-President. A quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the 24 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. Bnt no person con-. stitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be' eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States. ARTICLE XIII. Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, ex- except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Section 2.— Congress shall have power to enforce this.; article by appropriate legislation. ARTICLE XIV. Section 1.— All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the States wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty or prop- erty, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persens in each State, exclud- ing Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice- President of the United States, Representatives in Con- gress, the executive and judiciary officers of a State, or the members of the legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation ni rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty- one years of age in such State. Sec. 3.— No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 25 hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United S tates, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support tlie Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or re- bellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the ene- mies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability. Sbc 4.— The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for pay- ment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing in- surrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or eman- cipation of any slave ; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. Sbc. 5.— The Congress shall have power to enforce, by ap- propriate legislation, the provisions of this article. ARTICLE XV. Sec. 1. — The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of ser- vitude. Sec. 2.— The Congress shall have power to enforce this ar- ticle by appropriate legislation. PROCLAMATION OF EMANCIPATION. Now, Therefore. I, ABRAHAM LINCOLN, President of the United States, by virtue of the power in me vested as Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, in time of actual armed rebellion against the au- thority of the Government of the United States, and as a ■ fit and necessary war measure for suppressing said rebellion, do on this first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and in accordance with my purpose so to do. publicly proclaimed for the full period of one hundred days from the day first above men- tioned. Older and designate as the States and parts of States wherein the people thereof, respectively, are this day in re- bellion against the United States, the following, to wit:— Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, (except the Parishes of St. Bernard. Plaquemines, Jefferson, St. John, St. Charles, St. James, Ascension. Assumption. Terre Bonne, Lafourche, St. Marie, St. Martin, and Orleans, including the city of New Orleans), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida. Georgia, So. Carolina, No. Caralinaand Virginia, (except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also the counties of Berklej', Accomac, Northampton, Elizabeth City, York, Princess Ann and Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth.) and which excepted parts are, for the pre- sent left precisely as if this Proclamation were not issued. And by virtue of the power and for the purpose afore- said, I do order and declare that all persons held as SLAVES within said designated States and parts of States, ARE, AND HENCEFORWARD SHALL BE FREE ! and that the Executive Government of the LTnited States, including the military and naval authorities thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons. PROCLAMATION OF EMANCIPATION. 27 And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free, to abstain from all violence, unless in necessary self- defence; and I recommend to them that in all cases, when allowed, they labor faithfully for reasonable wages. And I further declare and "make known that such persons of suitable condition, will be received into the armed service of the United States, to garrison forts, positions, stations, and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in said service. And upon this act, sincerely believed to be an act of jus- tice, warranted by the Constiution, upon military necessity, I invoke the considerate judgment of mankind, and the gracious favor of Almighty God. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the City of Washington, this first day of Janu- — ' — ary. in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight J T - t lumdred and sixty-three, and of the Indepen- I ■''■ ) dence of the United States of America the — 1^*- eighty-seventh. ABRAHAM LINCOLN. By the rresident. William H. Seward, Secretary of State. THE GREAT SEAL OF THE UNITED STATES. This seal consists of thirteen perpendicular pieces, white and red; a blue field; the escutcheon on the breast of the American eagle displayed, proper, holding in his right talon an olive branch, and in his left a bundle of thirteen arrows, all proper, and in his beak a scroll, inscribed with the mot- to E Flmibus Unuia. For the crest, over the hesd of the eagle, which appears above the escutcheon, a golden glory breaking through a cloud, and surrounding thirteen stars, forming a constellation of white stars on a blue field. Reverse. — A pyramid unfinished. In the zenith, an eye in a triangle, surrounded with a glory, proper. Over the eye the words Annuit Cceptis—'" God has favored the undertak- ing." On the base of the pyramid are th« numeral Koman letters MDCCCLXXVI.; and underneath the motto, Novus Ordo Sed07'um—''Anew Series of Ages"— denoting that a new order of things had commenced m the Western hemis- phere. Thir' seal was adopted after many fruitless efforts for nearly six years, and yet remains the arms of the United States. One Hundred Years of American History. Declaration of Independence, Signed, 1776; Lafayette came to America— Valley f'orge, - - - - 1777 i^'rance acknowledged our independence, and sent men and ships, - - 1778 Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown, 1781 American Independence recognized by Sweden, Den- ' mark, Spain, Russia and Holland, 1782' Treaty of Peace signed at Pans ; Washington's farewell, 1783 The Constitution adopted, 1787 George Washington elected first President, - - - - 1789' The first cotton-gin invented . --------- 1792 Death of Washington at Mount Vernon, 1799 The Territory of i^ouisiana ceded by France, - - - 1803 Impressment of American seamen by Gt. Britain, - 1806 The first steamboat launched on the Hudson, - - - 1807 War declared against Great Britain. 1812 Capture of the Guerrier by the Constitution, - - - - 18ISJ Perry's victory on Lake Jirie, I8l3 Treaty of peace signed at Ghent, - 1814 War declared againt Algiers for piracy, 1815 ' Florida ceded to us by Spain, 1819 Lafayette's visit to this country, 1834 The first American Locomotive started. - . - - lyai The first reaping machine patented, - 1834 Texas declared its independence, - 1836 The North-w est boundary line settled, 1842 ^ The first telegraph apparatus used, 1844 War declarea against Mexico, - . . i846 " The first Sewing-Machine invented, - - 1846 Treaty of peace with Mexico, and cession of Cali- fornia and New Mexico, 1847 Beginning of the Civil War, - <- 1861 Proclamation of Emancipation, 1862 End of the Civil War, 1865 Assassination of Abraham Liu coin, April loth - - - 1865 Purchase of Alaska from Kussia, -------- 1866 The Pacific railroad opened, - - - 1867 The Centennial Celebration and Exhibition, - - - - 1876 NATIONAL SONGS. 29 STAR-SPANGLED BANNER. Oh ! say can you see, by the dawn's early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming? "Whose broad stripes andbri'tstars, through theperilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming; And the rocket's red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Oh ! say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave, O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep. Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes. What is that, which the breeze, o'er the towering steep. As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam ; In full glory reflected, now shines in the stream. "Tis the star spangled banner !— oh ! long may it wave, O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave. And where is that band who so vauntingly swore, 'Mid the havoc of war and the battle's confusion, A home and a country they'd leave us no more ? Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps' pollution ! No refuge could save the hireling and slave From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave. And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave 1 Oh ! thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand Between their loved home and war's desolation ! Bless with victory and peace, may the Heaven-rescued land Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation. Then conquer we must, for our cause it is just, And this be our motto : " In God is our trust ! " And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave. O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave ! 30 ^ NATIONAL SONGS. RED. WHITE AND BLUE. O Columbia, the gem of the ocean, The home of the brave and the free. The shrine of each patriot's devotion, A world offers homage to thee. Thy mandates make heroes assemble, When liberty's form stands in view, Thy banners make tyranny tremble. When borne by the Red, White and Blue. Chorus. When borne by the Red, W^hite and Blue, When borne by the Red, White and Blue, Thy Banners make tyranny tremble, W'hen borne by the Red, White and Blue. When war waged its wide desolation, And threatened the land to deform, The ark then of freedom's foundation, Columbia rode safe through the storm . With her garlands of victory o'er her. When so proudly she bore her bold crew, W^ith her flag proudly floating before her. The boast of the Red, White and Blue. When born by the Red, &c. The wine cup, the wine cup bring hither, And fill you it up to the brim ; May the wreath they have won never wither, Nor the star of their glory grow dim ! May the service united ne'er sever, And hold to their colors so true ! The Army and Navy for ever ! Three cheers for the Red, White and Blue When borne by the Red, &c. NATIONAL SONGS. 3I MY COUNTRY, 'TIS OF THEE. My country, 'tis of thee. Sweet land of liberty, Of thee I sing ; Land where my.fathers died, Land of the pilgrims' pride, From every mountain side. Let freedom ring. My native country, thee, Land of the noble, free— Thy name I love ; I love thy rocks and rills, Thy woods and templed hills My heart with rapture thrills Like that above. Let music swell the breeze. And ring from all the trees, Sweet freedom's song ; Let mortal tongues awake, Let all that breathe partake, Let rocks their silence break, The sound prolong. Our fathers' God, to thee, Author of liberty. To thee I sing ; Long may our land be bright With freedom's holy light ; Protect us day and night Great God our King. 32 ' NATIONAL, SONGS. HAIL COLUMBIA. Hail Columbia ! happy land ! hail, ye heroes ! heaven-born band ! Who fought and bled in Freedom's cause, Who fought and bled in Freedom's cause, And when the storm of war was gone, enjoyed the peace your valor won. Let independence be our boast, ever miudful what it cost ; Ever grateful for the prize, let its altar reach the skies. Firm united let us be, rallying round our Liberty; As a band of brothers joined, peace and safety we shall find. Immortal patriots rise once more, defend your rights, defend your shore. Let no rude foe, with impious hand. Let no rude foe, with impious hand, Invade the shrine where sacred lies, of toil and blood, the well-earned prize. While offering peace, sincere and just, in heaven we place a manly trust, That truth and justice will prevail, and every scheme of bondage fail. Firm united let us be, rallying roimd our Liberty, i Sound, sound the trumpet of fame ! let Washington's great name Ring through the world with loud applause. Ring through the world with loud applause, Let every clime to Freedom dear, listen with a joyful ear. With equal skill and God-like power, he govern'd in the fearful hour Of horrid war! or guides, with ease, the happier times of honest peace. Firm united let us be, rallying round our Liberty, &o Behold the chief who now commands again to serve his country, stands — The rock on which the storm will beat, The rock on which the storm will beat ; But, armed in virtue firm and true, his hopes are fix'd on heaven and you. When hope was sinking in dismay, and gloom obscured Columbia's day; His steady mind, from changes free, resolved on death or liberty. Firm united let us be, rallying round omr Liberty, Ac LIBRARY OF CONGRESS illllNIIIIIIII>llllll 011 448 013 7